United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
9200.6-303 (93-3)
NTIS No. PB-94-963302
EPA-504/R-94/017
November 1993
Supertund
4>EPA
Health Effects Assessment
Summary Tables
Supplement Number 2 to the
March 1993 Annual Update
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9200.6-303(93-3)
PB94-963302
EPA 540/R-94/017
November 1993
HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT
SUMMARY TABLES
FY-1993 Supplement No. 2
Office of Research and Development
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
Region b, -_
77 West Jackson no.^jfd, 12th Floor
Chicago, IL 60604-3590
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DISCLAIMER
This report has been prepared by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. The information contained herein has been taken
from final documents prepared by the Office of Health and Environ-
mental Assessment for the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response and the Office of Water, Washington, DC and the Office of
Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC.
These documents were reviewed in accordance with Agency policy and
approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial
products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
11
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TABLE OP CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION 1
WHAT'S NEW IN THE NOVEMBER 1993 SUPPLEMENT NO. 2 9
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) 1-1
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY 3-1
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC
TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Rl-1
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY R3-1
111
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INTRODUCTION
This document is the November 1993 Supplement No. 2 for the
March 1993 Annual Update of the Health Effects Assessment Summary
Tables (HEAST) prepared by EPA's Office of Health and Environmental
Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office,
Cincinnati, OH for use at both Superfund and RCRA sites.
Supplement No. 2 updates the information in the March 1993 HEAST
Annual Update and Supplement No. 1 (July 1993). When using this
document, please refer to the Annual Update and Supplement No. 1.
The supplements were not produced to stand alone and do not contain
the User's Guides or Appendix that are available in the Annual
Update. Thus, the user is strongly encouraged to reference the
March 1993 HEAST for this information.
The HEAST is a comprehensive listing consisting almost
entirely of PROVISIONAL HEALTH EFFECTS INFORMATION relative to oral
and inhalation routes for chemicals of interest to Superfund, the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and the EPA in
general. These entries in the HEAST are limited to chemicals that
have undergone review and have the concurrence of individual Agency
Program Offices, and each is supported by an Agency reference.
This health effects information has not, however, had enough review
to be recognized as high quality, Agency-wide consensus
information.
The -integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) is the Agency's
official repository of Agency-wide consensus chronic human health
risk information. IRIS evaluations are conducted by the Agency's
Work Group Review process, i.e., they have been examined by either
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the Reference Dose/Reference Concentration (RfD/RfC) Work Group or
the Carcinogen Risk Assessment Verification Endeavor (CRAVE) Work
Group. These Agency Work Groups conduct a process that leads to
internal Agency scientific consensus regarding health effects
information on a chemical. This information is recorded on IRIS,
is considered to be "Work Group Verified", and does not appear on
the HEAST. Thus, provisional health effects information on the
HEAST is subject to possible review and revision by these Agency
Work Groups.
There are two exceptions to the above discussion. The HEAST
also contains information on chemicals that are a part of the
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) or the Drinking
Water Criteria Document (DWCD) series. In each of these cases, the
chemicals are subject to extensive scientific peer review processes
of extremely high quality.
CHEMICAL STATUS DEFINITIONS
Chemicals reviewed by the Agency Work Groups are classified
according to their status as either "verified", "not verifiable",
or "under review". The toxicity values (other than NAAQS or DWCD
values) listed on the HEAST are considered to be "provisional."
The Agency has no official definitions for these terms, but the
HEAST user may interpret them as follows:
Provisional: A toxicity value or a cancer value is
"provisional" if the value has had some form of Agency
review, but it does not appear on the IRIS system. These
values are generated in several ways. Often they are
determined in the course of developing an Agency document
on a chemical or on a class of chemicals. Some have been
generated through the Work Group process, but have not
yet been input to the IRIS system. At the time each
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value was derived, all available information on the
chemical was evaluated, the value was calculated using
the roost current methodology, and a consensus was reached
on the value by Agency scientists.
Brackets are placed around the names of toxicity and
carcinogenicity values on the HEAST to distinguish these
"provisional" values from information on IRIS. The
following names are affected: RfD to [RfD] , RfC to
[RfC], slope factor to [slope factor], EPA group to [EPA
Group] and unit risk to [unit risk].
These "provisional" values are found on the HEAST. They
do not appear on IRIS.
Verified: A toxicity value or a cancer value is "Work
Group Verified" if all available information on the value
has been examined by an Agency Work Group, the value has
been calculated using current Work Group methodology, a
unanimous consensus has been reached on the value by the
Work Group, and the value appears on IRIS.
Some numbers that have achieved unanimous consensus by
the Work Group may appear on the HEAST for a short time
until they are loaded onto IRIS, at which time they are
termed, "verified." During the interim, they are
considered to be "provisional" values that are still
"under review" by the Work Group.
These "verified" numbers only appear on IRIS. They do
not appear on the HEAST.
Not verifiable: A toxicity value is "not verifiable" if
an Agency Work Group has considered all available data on
a chemical and has unanimously determined that data are
inadequate to generate a value that would be suitable for
inclusion on IRIS. No toxicity value is calculated; no
toxicity value is available for IRIS or the HEAST.
This "not verifiable" status is noted on IRIS, and is
sometimes found on the HEAST, with a pointer to the IRIS
system.
Under Review: A toxicity value is "under review" if an
Agency Work Group is in the process of considering all
available data on a chemical. All Work Group chemicals
will have this status until the toxicity value is placed
on the IRIS system. Toxicity values that have been
withdrawn from IRIS by a Work Group for further review
will have this status.
This "under review" status may be indicated on IRIS or on
the HEAST. During this time, "provisional" toxicity
values may appear on the HEAST.
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In all cases, the status of a chemical may change as new data
become available, and the assessment is revisited.
CAUTION
It is imperative for each use>.r of the HEAST to recognize that
the values listed in the toxicity tables and the cancer table are
generally considered to be PROVISIONAL HEALTH EFFECTS INFORMATION.
The user is referred to IRIS for "Work Group Verified" values. It
is also important to remember that the numbers in these tables
alone tell very little about the adverse effects of a chemical or
the quality of evidence on which health effects information is
based. Original assessment documents must be consulted by users of
the HEAST in order to fully appreciate the strengths and limita-
tions of a specific data base. Original source documents will
allow for the most complete characterization of potential toxicity
associated with the range of exposure pathways generally evaluated
at Superfund and RCRA sites. The Reference Tables point the user
to these sources.
CONTRIBUTORS
Chemicals commonly found at KCRA sites as identified by the
Office of Solid Waste's (OSW) Technical Assessment Branch are
included in the HEAST. The Office of Radiation Programs has
provided data on radionuclide carcinogenicity for Tables 4A and 4B
of the HEAST. Finally, the Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards (OAQPS) has provided information on chemicals for which
Air Quality Criteria Documents and National Ambient Air Quality
Standards have been developed.
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CHEMICALS LISTED
Most of the chemicals included on the toxicity tables and
carcinoqenicity table are those for which at least one of the
following EPA documents has been written: Health Effects Assess-
ment Document (HEA), Health and Environmental Effects Profile
(HEEP), Health and Environmental Effects Document (HEED), Health
Assessment Document (HAD), Air Quality Criteria Document (AQCD),
Drinking Water Criteria Document (DWCD). A description of each is
provided in Appendix A, Section I. In a few cases, the values are
supported by other written material, such as Work Group meeting
notes or Carcinogen Assessment Group (CAG) Profiles. Radionuclide
slope factor values are calculated by the EPA's Office of Radiation
Programs.
The names of. criteria pollutants that are regulated as
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) under the Clean Air
Act are listed in the main body of the HEAST, but the actual
criteria are included as Section V of Appendix A: Technical
Information. The NAAQS were not included in the tables in order to
distinguish them from the reference concentration ([RfC]) values.
The NAAQS and [RfC]s represent different levels of review and
different methods of calculation and thus, must be interpreted and
used differently.
HIERARCHY OF SOURCES
It is recognized that at any point in time there may be
multiple old and new Agency documents or data bases that present
different values on a specific chemical. For chemicals other than
those represented by the NAAQS or DWCDs, the following hierarchy of
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sources is recommended in evaluating chemical toxicity for
Superfund sites:
1. The Agency's Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS) and cited references. Changes are made in
this data base on a monthly basis, but there may be
data gaps. Call RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE at
(513)569-7254 for further information.
2. The Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST)
and cited references.
3. Consultation with the Superfund Health Risk Tech-
nical Support Center (TSC) at (513)569-7300.
4. Do not consult either the toxicity tables (Appendix
A) in the Superfund Public Health Evaluation Manual
(SPHEM, U.S. EPA, 1986) or the September 1988 Public
Health Risk Evaluation Data Base (PHRED) as these
sources are likely tc contain numerous values that
have since become out-of-date.
QUESTIONS
Chemical Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
Regional EPA Superfund Staff may direct questions regarding
the contents of the chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity tables on
the HEAST (e.g., chemicals not covered, chemicals with pending
[RfD]s) to EPA's Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center
(TSC) in Cincinnati, OH at (513)569-7300. Questions from other
users must be submitted to the TSC in writing and must contain the
following information:
• Superfund site name, site location and twelve-digit
site number;
• Name and phone number of the site Remedial Project
Manager (RPM) or Regional Risk Assessor/Toxicologist;
• Detailed description of the health effects information
related question.
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Please send requests via mail or FAX to:
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center
US EPA
26 W. Martin Luther King Dr.
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office
MS 117
Cincinnati, OH 45268
FAX#: (513)569-7159
RCRA Chemicals
Questions about RCRA chemicals may be addressed by calling the
Office of Solid Waste at (202)260-4761.
Radionuclide Carcinogenicity
Questions concerning radionuclide carcinogenicity should first
be addressed by contacting the appropriate Regional Radiation
Program Manager. A listing of these managers and several contacts
in the Office of Radiation Programs can be found in Exhibit 2 of
the User's Guide - Radionuclide Carcinogenicity.
REFERENCES
Most cited Agency references (e.g., HEAs, HEEPs, HEEDs), are
(or will soon be) available through the National Technical
Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA
22161 [(703)487-4650]. Carcinogen Assessment Group (CAG) Profiles
cited in Table 3 are available through the RCRA docket
(202)260-9327.
Drinking water documents are available by calling the Drinking
Water Docket at (202)260-3027.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Limited copies of the HEAST are available for EPA Superfund
staff, State Superfund programs and other Federal agencies working
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on Superfund sites, and EPA contractors working for the EPA Super-
fund program. Users in these groups can call Syracuse Research
Corporation (202)479-0881 to be put on the mailing list.
EPA's Office of Solid Waste (OSW) requests that their users
(i.e., OSW staff, contractors, State solid waste programs) call the
Health Assessment Section (202)260-4761 to obtain copies of the
HEAST. Regional OSW staff are reminded that copies are sent to all
EPA Regional libraries.
Users of the HEAST in EPA's Office of Air and Radiation and
State air programs should call Kelly Rimer of EPA's Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards at (919)541-2962.
All other users must purchase the document from:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
(703)487-4650
For ordering information, call the NTIS Subscriptions
Department at (703)487-4630. NTIS normally ships 4th class United
States mail. Therefore, users may wish to consult with NTIS
concerning the use of an overnight delivery service. When ordering
the 1993 Health Effects Assessment Summary Table annual update and
supplements from NTIS refer to the following order numbers:
PB93-921100: Annual HEAST update and supplements
PB93-921199: Annual HEAST update
PB93-921101: July 1993 Supplement No. 1
PB93-921102: November 1993 Supplement No. 2
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WHAT'S NEW IN THE FY93 NOVEMBER HEAST UPDATE
GENERAL CHANGES - CHEMICAL TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY
The changes in this version of the HEAST reflect changes in
IRIS through October \, 1993. It is also current with RfD/RfC and
CRAVE Work Group activities through October 1, 1993. Cross-
references between tables may refer the user to the March 1993
HEAST Annual Update and the July 1993 Supplement No. 1 for that
information.
CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES — CHEMICAL TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY
A. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND
CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Acrylonitrile 107-13-1
Added to Table 1. The [RfD] under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group
was modified to derive the subchronic [RfD].
Arochlor 1248 12672-29-6
Added to Table 1. A comment was added to indicate that the chronic
oral RfD is considered not verifiable (07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC
Work Group.
Atrazine 1912-24-9
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD is now
available on IRIS. The chronic oral RfD on IRIS was adopted as the
subchronic oraj. [RfD] .
Barium cyanide 542-62-1
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic oral RfD is
considered not verifiable (07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Benzenethiol / Thiophenol 108-98-5
Added to Table 1. The [RfD] under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group
was modified to derive the subchronic [RfD].
Boron 7440-42-8
No change in the tables. Reference to the 1993 Revised and Updated
Drinking Water Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for Boron was
added.
Bromomethane 74-83-9
No change in the tables. Reference to the 1993 Revised and Updated
Drinking Water Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for
Bromomethane was added.
Chromium III 16065-83-1
The subchronic [RfD] was changed to agree with IRIS. The
uncertainty factor was changed to incorporate an additional
Modifying factor of 10 as on IRIS.
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Cresol. p- / Methvlphenol. 4-106-44-5
Study information was changed to be consistent with information
under review by the RfD/RfC work group. NOEL is changed to NOAEL,
critical effects are changed. The chronic oral [RfD] is adopted as
the subchronic oral [RfD].
Dicamba 1918-00-9
Added to Table 1. An indicator was added to show that the chronic
oral RfD is available on IRIS. The chronic oral RfD was adopted as
the subchronic oral [RfD].
Dichloropropene. 1.3- / (Telone II) 542-75-6
No change in the tables. Reference to the 1993 Revised and Updated
Drinking Water Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for 1,3-
Dichloropropene was added.
Manganese 7439-96-5
No change in the tables. Reference to the 1993 Revised and Updated
Drinking Water Criteria Document for Manganese was added.
Methvl ethvl ketone 000078-93-3
The subchronic oral [RfD] and subchronic inhalation [RfC] were
changed to be consistent with IRIS.
Methvl ethyl ketone peroxide 1338-23-4
Added to Table 1. A comment was added to indicate that the chronic
oral RfD is considered not verifiable (07/22/93) by the RfD/RfC
Work Group.
Methvl isobutvl ketone 108-10-1
The chronic oral [RfD] was changed to reflect the value currently
under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group (07/22/93) . The chronic
oral [RfD] was modified to derive the subchronic oral [RfD].
Metolachlor 051218-45-2
Added to Table 1 from the 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for Metolachlor.
Nickel cyanide 557-19-7
Added to Table 1. A comment was added to indicate that the chronic
oral RfD is considered not verifiable (07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC
Work Group.
Osmium tetroxide 20816-12-0
Added to Table 1. A comment was added to indicate that the chronic
oral RfD is considered not verifiable (07/22/93) by the RfD/RfC
Work Group.
Simazine 122-34-9
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral 3fD is now
available on IRIS. The chronic oral RfD on IRIS was adopted as the
subchronic oral [RfD].
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Tetrachloroethane. 1.1.1.2- 630-20-6
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated
Drinking Water Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane was added.
Thallic oxide 1314-32-5
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic oral RfD is
considered not verifiable (07/22/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Thallium Selenite 12039-52-0
The RfD was withdrawn from IRIS (08/93) . A comment was added to
indicate that the chronic oral RfD is considered not verifiable
(07/22/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Trichlorobenzene. 1.2f 4120-82-1
The inhalation [RfC] was removed from Table 2 and the [RfC] under
review by the RfD/RfC Work Group was added to Table 1. The [RfC]
under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group was modified to derive the
subchronic [RfC].
B. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE
METHODS — SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN
CARCINOGENICITY)
Trichlorobenzene. 1,2. 4120-82-1
The inhalation [RfC] was removed from Table 2 and the [RfC] under
review by the RfD/RfC Work Group was added to Table 1.
C. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
Coke Oven Emissions 8007-45-2
An indicator was added to show that the EPA group classification is
now on IRIS.
Cyanazine 21725-46-2
Study Information was revised (cancers reported and the references
changed) to reflect CRAVE Work Group review.
Dibromo-3-chloropropane. 1.2- 96-12-8
The inhalation [slope] and the inhalation [unit risk] were
inadvertently reversed on the July 1992 Supplement No. 1.
Dichloropropene. 1.3- / (Telone II) 542-75-6
Study information was revised (cancers reported and the references
changed) to reflect the information currently under review by the
CRAVE Work Group.
Methylenebisbenzenamine. 4.4- 101-77-9
No [EPA group] classification was provided in the reference
document; therefore, the oral [slope] and the [unit risk] were
removed from Table 3.
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Ethvlene thiourea 96-45-7
The oral [slope] factor and the oral [unit risk] were changed to
reflect the values currently under review by the CRAVE Work Group.
Methyl hydrazine 60-34-4
The [EPA group] classification was added to Table 3.
Metolachlor 051218-45-2
Added to Table 3 from the 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for Metolachlor.
Mirex 2385-85-5
The oral [slope] and the [unit risk] are under review by the CRAVE
Work Group and were removed from Table 3.
TCDD. 2.3.7.8- 001746-01-6
The units for the Inhalation [unit risk] were added to Table 3.
There are no additional changes to the Table.
Tetrachloroethane. 1.1.1.2- 630-20-6
No change in the tables. Reference to the 1993 Revised and Updated
Drinking Water Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane was added.
Trichloropropane. 1.2.3- 96-18-4
The oral [slope] and the [unit risk] under review by the CRAVE Work
Group were added to Table 3.
D. CHANGES ON HEAST TABLES 4A AND 4B: RADIONUCLIDE
CARCINOGENICITY — SLOPE FACTORS
No new radionuclide slope factors were added to Tables 4A and 4B
and none of the slope factors listed in the March 1993 HEAST Annual
Update were changed.
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Novenfcer 1993
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
ACRYLONITRILE
NOAEL 1 MG/(KG-DAY)
ORAL: GAVAGE
CRITICAL EFFECT
000107-13-1
Subchronic Chronic
[RfD] [RfC] [Rfp] REFERENCE
(ma/cu n\) (mg/ka/day) (mfl/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF
UF
HOUSE
60 DAY
TESTES
TESTES
DECREASED SPERH COUNTS
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE
DEGENERATION
1E-2
100
1E-3
1000
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC [RfD] UNDER REVIEW BY THE WORK GROUP WAS MODIFIED TO DERIVE THE SUBCHRONIC [RfD]
AROCHLOR 1248 012672-29-6
CHRONIC [RfDJ COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/20/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
001912-24-9
ATRAZINE
NOEL 3.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
RAT
2 YEARS
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
3.5E-2
100
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RFD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
BARIUM CYANIDE 00054;'-62-1
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/20/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
000108-98-5
BENZENETHIOL
(THIOPHENOL)
LOAEL 0.1 MG/KG-DAY)
RAT
90 DAYS
CENTRILOBULAR
EOSINOPHILIC CHANGES
1E-4
1000
ORAL: GAVAGE 90 DAYS LIVER
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC [RfD] UNDER REVIEW BY THE WORK GROUP WAS MODIFIED TO DERIVE THE SUBCHRONIC [RfD]
1E-5
10,000
010939
010940
010855
0,0941
010942
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Novenfcer 1993
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/lcg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
BORON, ELEMENTAL
LOAEL 4.5 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
007440-42-8
HUMAN
RESPIRATORY
TRACT
BRONCHUS
IRRITATION
BRONCHITIS
2E-2
100
2E-2
100
005269
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC [RFC] IS SPECIFICALLY FOR ANHYDROUS BORAX.
CHRONIC IRfC) COMMENT: THE CHRONIC [RFC] IS SPECIFICALLY FOR ANHYDROUS BORAX.
NOAEL 8.8 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
DOG
2 YEARS
TESTIS
LESIONS
96-2
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT:
THE LHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD] .
IRIS
005272
BROMOMETHANE
000074-83-9
IRIS
010860
IRIS
010861
SUBCHRONIC [RfO] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
010880
CHROMIUM(III)
NOEL 5 X
ORAL: DIET
01606b-83-1
RAT
840 DAYS
NONE OBSERVED
1E+0
1000
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: INHALATION ISSUES ARE UNDER REVIEW BY THE RFD/RFC WORK GROUP.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
IRIS
005731
010886
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
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HEAST TABLE 1 : SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Nove^r 1993
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES [RfCJ^ ^"'[RfD] [RfC fRfDl RFFFRFMfF
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET CRITICAL EFFECT
UF UF UF UF
CRESOL, P- 000106-44-5
(METHYLPHENOL, 4-)
NOAEL 5 MG/(KG-DAY)
RABBIT
ORAL: GAVAGE GESTATION CENTRAL NERVOUS HYPOACTIVITY 5E-3 5E.j 010516
DAYS 6-18 SYSTEM 1000 1000
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
SYSTEM
WHOLE BODY MATERNAL DEATH
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfO] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS 010890
CHRONIC [RfCJ COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/11/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
DICAMBA 001918-00-9
NOAEL 3 MG/KG/DAY
RABBIT
ORAL: GAVAGE GESTATION FETUS DECREASED WEIGHT 3E-2 IRIS 010945
DAYS 6-18 FETUS INCREASED POST- 100
IMPLANTATION LOSSES
FETUS INCREASED MORTALITY
DAM DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
SUBCHRONiC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 1-3
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Noveni*>r 1993
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
(RfDJ [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mfl/cu m) (nig/ka/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
DICHLOROPROPENE, 1.3-
(TELONE II)
NOEL 3 ::G/KG/DAY
RAT
ORAL: DIET 90 DAYS
000542-75-6
ORGANS
INCREASED WEIGHT
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
3E-3
1000
IRIS
005901
NOAEL
5 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
MOUSE
2 YEARS
NASAL MUCOSA
NASAL MUCOSA
HYPERTROPHY
HYPERPLASIA
2E 2
30
IRIS
010351
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT:
THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC UAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Novenfcer 1993
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENC;
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
MANGANESE
NOAEL O.U MG/KG/DAY
HUMAN
ORAL: DIET CHRONIC
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT:
INFORMATION.
007439-96-5
CENTRAL EFFECTS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
1.4E-1
1
IRIS
010851
THE CHRONIC ORAL FOOD RfD ON IRIS IS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL FOOD [RfD]. SEE IRIS FOR SPECIFIC DIETARY
NOAEL 0.005 MG/KG/DAY
HUMAN
ORAL: DRINKING CHRONIC
WATER
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT:
INFORMATION.
CENTRAL EFFECTS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
5E-3
1
IRIS
010850
THE CHRONIC ORAL WATER RfD ON IRIS IS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL WATER (RfO) . SEE IRIS FOR SPECIFIC DIETARY
LOAEL 0.97 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
HUMAN
LUNG
CENTRAL
NERVOUS SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY EFFECTS
PSYCHOMOTOR DISTURBANCES
4E-A
900
IRIS
010355
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC ON IRIS IS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
GENERAL COMMENT: OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE. DURATION OF EMPLOYMENT RANGED FROM 1-19 YEARS WITH A MEAN OF 7.1 YEARS.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7251.
1-5
-------
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) November 1993
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] TRfni ratr
CRITICAL EFFECT
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
[RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) Img/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
NOAEL 1711 MG/KG/DAY
RAT
ORAL: DRINKING MULTI-GENERA FETUS
WATER TION
000078-93-3
DECREASED BIRTH WEIGHT
2E+0
1000
IRIS
010853
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMtNT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS MODIFIED TO ESTIMATE THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD]
GENERAL COMMENT: HULTI-GENERATION DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY PERFORMED WITH THE SURROGATE 2-BUTANOL, A METABOLITE OF METHYL ETHYL KEfONE.
NOAEL 1010 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
MOUSE
10 DAYS
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT:
FETUS DECREASED BIRTH WEIGHT 1E»0 IRIS
JOOO
THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC ON IRIS IS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
010845
METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE 001 338-23-4
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/22/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010948
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
NOAEL 250 MGX(KG-DAY)
RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 13 WEEKS
000108-10-1
WHOLE BODY LETHARGY 8E-1 8E-2 010949
LIVER INCREASED RELATIVE 300 3000
WEIGHT, FEMALES
LIVER INCREASED ABSOLUTE
WEIGHT, FEMALES
KIDNEY INCREASED RELATIVE
WEIGHT, FEMALES
KIDNEY INCREASED ABSOLUTE
WEIGHT, FEMALES
KIDNEY INCREASED URINARY PROTEIN
LEVELS, FEMALES
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICHY)
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (3/1/91). UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
-~^ru ic iiDn»Tcn unuTMiv FIIBTHFR INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-6
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Noventer 1993
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
CRfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(itig/cu tn) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
METOLACHLOR
NOAEL 300 PPM
051218-45-2
RAT
1.5E-1
100
ORAL: DiET 2 YEARS WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL {RfD}.
NICKEL CYANIDE 000557-19-7
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/20/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
OSMIUM TETROXIDE 020816-12-0
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/22/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
1.5E-1
100
010950
010953
010954
SIMAZ1NE
NOAEL 0.52
000122-34-9
MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
RAT
2 YEARS
WHOLE BODY
BLOOO
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
5E-3
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
010955
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2-
NOAEL 89.3 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE RAT
103 WEEKS
SUBCHRONI" [RfD] COMMENT:
LIVER
KIDNEY
000630-20-6
LESIONS
LESIONS
3E-2
3000
THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS
010407
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-7
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) November 1993
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (nig/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
THALLIC OXIDE
001314-32-5
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/22/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
THALLIUM SELENITE
012039 52-0
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/22/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010956
010957
TRICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4-
NOEL 100 PPM
000120-82-1
RAT
ADRENAL INCREASED WEIGHT
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A MULT I GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY.
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
1E-2
1000
IRIS
010506
NOAEL 104 PPM
INHALATION
RAT, RABBIT,
DOG, MONKEY
6 & 26 WEEKS LIVER
NON-ADVERSE WEIGHT
CHANGES
2E+0
100
2E-1
1000
010958
lumUMATlON SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-8
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY Novo*er 1993
LOLurc r flu I UK j
EXPERIMENT LENGTH (EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL IMHAlATnai etttoFurf
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET CANCEB rj>n»i ,-,»*,A~.I',..:,£,^i 7^,. . i I"^1*1'?". REFEREMCE
ISLOPE FACTOR] [UNIT RISK]
_OAL INHALATION ORAL INHALAiiui
SPECIES TARGET CANCER GROUP] (^/kg/day) '(-a/kg/dey)' (ug/L)1 (ug/ol i£l
COKE OVEN EMMISSION 008007-45-2
IRIS
CYANAZINE 021725-46-2
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS C 8.4E-1 2 4E-5 010944
RAT MAMMARY GLAND ADENOMA/
CARCINOMA,
COMBINED
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
DIBROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE, 1,2 000096-12-8
INHALATION: B2 2.4E-3 6.9E-7 010519
INTERMITTENT
RAT, MOUSE NASAL CAVITY TUMORS
EPA GROUP COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 3-1
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
November 1993
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES TARGET
CANCER
CSLOPE FACTOR! [UNIT RISK]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
GROUPJ (*9/kg/day)'(BB/kB/doY)1 (ifl/L)1 (UB/CU .)'
DICHLOROPROPENE 000542-75-6
(TELONE II)
ORAL: GAVAGE 104 WEEKS
IRIS
1.8E-1
ORAL: GAVAGE
RAT, MALE
104 WEEKS
MOUSE,
FEMALE
LIVER
FORESTOMACH
BLADDER
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
FORESTOMACH
NEOPLASTIC
NODULE/
CARCINOMA
PAPILLOMA/
CARCINOMA
CARCINOMA
ALVEOLAR/
BRONCHIOLAR
ADENOMA
PAPILLOMA/
CARCINOMA
5E-6
010946
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: THE fSLOPEJ IS THE GEOMETRIC MEAN OF SLOPE FACTORS OF COMBINED URINARY BLADDER CARCINOMA ALVEOLAR/BRONCHIOLAR
ADENOMA, FORESTOMACH PAPILLOMA/CARCINOMA IN FEMALE B6C3F1 MICE AND COMBINED HEPATOCELcULAR NEOPLASTIC NODULE AND/OR CARCINOMA AND FORESTOMACK
PAPILLOMA/CARCINOMA IN HALE F344 RATS.
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
2 YEARS
MOUSE
IRIS
1.3E-1
3.7E-5
010104
LUNG
ADENOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
ETHYLENE THIOUREA
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS
MOUSE,
FEMALE
000096-45-7
1.1E-1
LIVER
ADENOMA/
CARCINOMA,
COMBINED
3.4E-6
010947
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
METHYLENEBISBENZENAMINE, 4,
00101-77-9
010136
GENERAL COMMENT: THE ORAL [SLOPE] AND THE [UNIT RISK] WERE REMOVED BECAUSE THE EPA GROUP CLASSIFICATION HAS NOT YET BEEN DETERMINED.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-2
-------
HEASTTABLE3: CARCINOGENICITY
Novofcer 1993
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES TARGET
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR] [UNIT RISK]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
GROUP] (•g/kg/day)1(«8/ko/day)1 (i^/L)1 (ug/cu •) '
METOLACHLOR
051218-45-2
010951
MIREX 002385-85-5
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS B2
RAT, MALE LIVER ADENOMA/
CARCINOMA,
COMBINED
EPA GROUP COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICIir (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENIC!It).
010952
TCDD, 2,3,7,8-
ORAL: DIET
720 DAYS
RAT
001746-01-6
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TUMORS
LIVER TUMORS
B2
1.5E+5 1.5E+5
4.5E+0 3.3E-5 005128
(pg/cu m) '
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
INHALATION [UNIT RISK] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE. BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 75%
IS USED TO CALCULATE THE UNIT RISK FROM THE SLOPE FACTOR.
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2-
ORAL: GAVAGE 103 WEEKS
IRIS IRIS
2.6E-2
IRIS
000630-20-6
LIVER TUMOR
INHALATION SLOPE COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
IRIS
010302
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2,3-
ORAL: GAVAGE
RAT, MALE
000096-18-4
MUTIPLE SITES
B2
7E+0
2E-A
TUMORS,
BENIGN/MALIGNANT
COMBINED
EPA GROUP COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOX1CITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
010849
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-3
-------
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) November 1993
ACRYLONITRILE 000107-13-1
010939
TANDON, R., DK SAXENA, SV CHANDRA, PK SETH, SP SRIVASTAVA. 1988. TESTICULAR EFFECTS OF ACRYLONITRILE IN MICE
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS 42: 56-63.
BIODYNAMICS, INC. 1980. A TWENTY-FOUR MONTH ORAL TOXICITY/CARCINOGENICITY STUDY OF ACRYLONITRILE ADMINISTERED TO
SPARTAN RATS IN THE DRINKING WATER, VOL 1-2. PREPARED BY BIODYNAMICS, INC., DIVISION OF BIOLOGY AND SAFETY EVALUATION,
EAST MILLSTONE, NJ, FOR MONSANTO COMPANY, ST. LOUIS, MO.
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP
AROCHLOR1248 012672-29-6
010940
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ATRAZINE
010866
CIBA-GEIGY CORPORATION. 1986. MRID NO 00141874, 00157876, 00168930, 40629302. HED DOC NO 006940, 006937. AVAILABLE
FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC.
CIBA GEIGY CORPORATION, AGRICULTURAL DIVISION. 1987. MRID NO 40431301, 41293802. HED DOC NO 006718, 006937, 007647
AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EHA, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BARIUM CYANIDE 000542-62-1
010941
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1-1
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) November 1993
BENZENETHIOL 000108-98-5
(THIOBENZENE)
010942
AMERICAN BIOGENICS CORP. 1989. NINETY-DAY GAVAGE STUDY IN ALBINO RATS USING THIOPHENOL. PREPARED BY DYNAMAC CORP
OF ROCKVILLE, MD FOR THE US EPA OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE.
FAIRCHILD, EJ AND HE STOKINGER. 1958. TOXICOLOGIC STUDIES ON ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS. 1. ACUTE TOXICITY OF SOME
ALIPHATIC AND AROMATIC THIOLS (MERCAPTANS). AM IND HYG ASSOC J. 19: 171-189.
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BORON, ELEMENTAL 007440-42-8
006269
GARABRANT DH, L BERNSTEIN, JM PETERS ET AL. 1986. RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF BORAX DUST. BR J IND MED. 42: 831-837.
US EPA. 1991. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR BORON AND BORON COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF
HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE
OF SOLID WASTE AND EMrRGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
006272
WEIR RJ, JR AND RS FISHER. 1972. TOXICOLOGIC STUDIES ON BORAX AND BORIC ACID. FOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 23(31: 361 364
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BORON AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF
EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
t
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR BORON. PREPARED BY THE
OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR
THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
R1 2
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) November 1993
BROMOMETHANE 000074-83-9
010860
REUZEL, PQJ, CF KUPER, HC DREEF-VAN DER MEULEN, VMH HOLLANDERS. 1987. CHRONIC (29 MONTH) INHALATION TOXICITY AND
CARCINOGENICITY STUDY OF METHYL BROMIDE IN RATS. REPORT NO. V86.469/221044. NETHERLANDS ORGANIZATION FOR APPLIED
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, DIVISION FOR NUTRITION AND FOOD RESEARCH, TNO. EPA/OTS DOCUMENT #86-8700001202.
REUZEL, PGJ, HC DREEF-VAN DER MEULEN, VMH HOLLANDERS, CF KUPER, VJ FERON, CA VAN DER HEIJDEN 1991 CHRONIC
INHALATION TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY STUDY OF METHYL BROMIDE IN WISTAR RATS. FOOD CHEM TOXICOL. 29(11: 31 39
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010861
DANSE LH, FL VAN VELSEN AND CA VAN DER HEIJDEN 1984. METHYL BROMIDE. CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS IN THE RAT FORESTOMACH
TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 72: 262-271.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BROMOMETHANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL BROMIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID
WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR BROMOMETHANE. PREPARED
BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH
FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
010880
US EPA. 1992. SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER.
R1 3
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) November 1993
CHROMIUM(III) 016065-83-1
006731
IVANKOVIC S AND R PREUSSMAN. 1976. ABSENCE OF TOXIC AND CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS AFTER ADMINISTRATIONS OF HIGH DOSES
OF CHROMIC OXIDE PIGMENT IN SUBACUTE AND LONG-TERM FEEDING EXPERIMENTS IN RATS. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL 13:347 361.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR TRIVALENT CHROMIUM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP
010886
US EPA 1992. SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER.
CRESOL, P 000106445
(METHYLPHENOL, 4 )
010616
CMA (CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS' ASSOCIATION). 1988. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY EVALUATION OF O-, M- OR P-CRESOL
ADMINISTERED BY GAVAGE TO NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS. FINAL PROJECT REPORT 61-608. FICHE NO. OTS0617696.
DEITZ, D, AND LT MULLIGAN. 1988. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF P-CRESOL IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; MBA CHEMICAL NO 26. PREPARED
BY RESEARCH TRINAGLE INSTITUTE, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC. PREPARED FOR EPA, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010890
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1-4
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) November 1993
DICAMBA 001918-00-9
010945
GOLDENTHAL, El, DC JESSUP AND DE RODWELL. 1978. TERATOLOGY STUDY IN RABBITS: IRDC NO. 163 436. (UNPUBLISHED STUDY
RECEIVED MARCH 6, 1979 UNDER 876-36. PREPARED BY INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CORP., SUBMITTED BY
"ELSICOL CHEMICAL CORP., CHICAGO, IL. CDL:23799B-E). CITED AS VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION (1978) IN U.S. EPA (1993).
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OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR
THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA 1988 RFD/RFC WORK GROUP
DICHLOROPROPENE, 1,3- 000542-75-6
(TELONE II)
005901
DOW CHEMICAL CO. 1973. MRID NOS. 00067977, 0039684. US EPA, WASHINGTON, DC
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 1,3 DICHLOROPROPENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID
WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
010351 LOMAX, LG, WT STOTT, KA JOHNSON, ET AL. 1989. THE CHRONIC TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY OF INHALED TECHNICAL GRADE
1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE IN RATS AND MICE. FUND APPL TOXICOL. 10:214.
US EPA 1989 HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID
WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1 b
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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MANGANESE 007439-96-5
010861
WHO (WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION). 1973. TRACE ELEMENTS IN HUMAN NUTRITION: MANGANESE. REPORT OF A WHO EXPERT
COMMITTEE. TECHNICAL REPORT SERVICE, 532, WHO, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND. PP 34 36.
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010860
KONDAKIS, XG, N MAKRIS, M LEOTSINIDIS, M PRINOU AND T PAPAPETROPOULOS. 1989. POSSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS OF HIGH
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010366
ROELS, H, R LAWERYS, J-P BUCHET ET AL. 1989. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY AMONG WORKERS EXPOSED TO MANGANESE. EFFECTS ON
LUNG, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, AND SOME BIOLOGICAL INDICES. AM J IND MED. 11:307-327.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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METHYL ETHYL KETONE 000078-93-3
010863
COX, GE. 1976. TOXICITY STUDIES IN RATS WITH 2-BUTANOL: INCLUDING GROWTH, REPRODUCTION, AND TERATOGENIC
OBSERVATIONS. FOOD AND DRUG RESEARCH LABORATORIES, INC. (91 MAR R 16731
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010845
SCHWETZ, BA, TJ MAST, RJ WEIGEL, ET AL. 1991. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF INHALED METHYL ETHYL KETONE IN MICE FUND APPL
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MAST, TJ, JA DILL, JJ EVANOFF, ET AL 1989. INHALATION DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY STUDIES. TERATOLOGY STUDY OF METHYL
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NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM, WASHINGTON, DC PNL 6833 UC 4O8.
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METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE 001 338-23-4
010948
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METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 000108-10-1
010949
MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATES. 1986. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. PERFORMED
FOR RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE, PO BOX 12194, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC, 27709. FINAL REPORT. STUDY NO 522104.
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1 7
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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METOLACHLOR 051218-45-2
010960
TISDEL M, T JACKSON, P MACWILLIAMS ET AL. 1983. TWO-YEAR CHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY STUDY WITH
METOLACHLOR IN ALBINO RATS: STUDY NO. 80030. FINAL REPORT. (UNPUBLISHED STUDY RECEIVED MAY 24. 1983 UNDER 100 587.
PREPARED BY HAZLETON RALTECH, INC., SUBMITTED BY CIBA-GEIGY CORP., GREENSBORO, NC: CDL:2B0369-A, 260370, 260371.
260272, 269373, 269374, 259376.) REFERRED TO AS CIBA-GEIGY, 1983 IN U.S. EPA (1993). MRID 00129377.
SMITH SH, CK O'LOUGHLIN, CM SALAMON ET AL. 1981. TWO-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY IN ALBINO RATS WITH
METOLACHLOR TECHNICAL: STUDY NO. 460 0272. FINAL REPORT. (UNPUBLISHED STUDY RECEIVED SEPTEMBER 30, 1981 UNDER 100
697. PREPARED BY WHITTAKER CORP., SUBMITTED BY CIBA-GEIGY CORP.. GREENSBORO, NC. CDL:246969-A, 246960, 246961.)
REFERRED TO AS CIBA-GEIGY (1981) IN U.S. EPA (1993). MRID 00080897.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR METOLACHLOR PREPARED
BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH
FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
NICKEL CYANIDE 000557-19-7
010963
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP
OSMIUM TETROXIDE 020816-12-0
010964
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SIMAZINE 000122-34-9
010966
CIBA-GEIGY CORP. 1988. MRID NO 40614406, HED DOCUMENT NO 007240, 007449. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA,
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R1 8
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2- 000630-20-6
010407
NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1983. CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF 1,1,1,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE IN F344/N RATS AND
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1,1,1,2-. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT
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THALLIC OXIDE 00131432-5
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010967
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R1-9
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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KOCIBA, RJ, BKL LEONG, RE HEFNER, JR. 1981. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY OF 1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE IN THE RAT, RABBIT AND
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COATE, WB, TR LEWIS, WM BUSEY. 1977. CHRONIC INHALATION EXPOSURE OF RATS RABBITS AND MONKEYS TO 1,2,4
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IN THE RAT. DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY. 11(1): 11-28.
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010606
ROBINSON, KS, RJ KAVLOCK, N CHERNOFF AND E GRAY. 1981. MULTIGENERATION STUDY OF TRICHLOROBENZENE IN RATS. J TOXICOL
ENVIRON HEALTH. 8: 489-600.
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US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
November 1993
CYANAZINE
010944
n
AND CO.
021725-46-2
TOX'C'TV/OHCOCEMICITY STUDY WITH CYANAZINE (INR-1057) 2-YEAR FEEDING STUDY IN RATS. PREPARED
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HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER,
WASH I NGTON t DC*
DIBROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE, 1,2
000096-12-8
010519
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B6C3F1 MICE (INHALATION STUDY). NTP-TR-NO 81-21.
US EPA. 1989. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
010484 HAZELTON LABORATORIES, INC. 1977. 104 WEEK DIETARY STUDY IN RATS, 1.2-DIBROMO-3 CHLOROPROPANE (DBCP). FINAL REPORT UNPUBLISHED
REPORT SUBMITTED TO DOW CHEMICAL CO., MIDLAND, MI. OCTOBER 29, 1977.
US EPA. 1988. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR DIBROMOCHLOROPROPANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER WASHINGTON DC
ECAO-CIN-410.
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GROUP. AVAILABLE THROUGH KCRA/SUPERFUND DOCKET.
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010946 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1985. TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF TELONE II IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE US DEPT
HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, TECH REPORT SER NO 269.
US EPA. 1993. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
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OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF
WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
010104 LOMAX LG, WT STOTT, KA JOHNSON, LL CALHOUN, BL YANO AND JF QUAST. 1989. THE CHRONIC TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY OF INHALED TECHNICAL
GRADE 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE IN RATS AND MICE. FUND APPL TOXICOL.12: 418-431.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 1,3- DICHLOROPROPENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON DC.
US EPA. 1987. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
R3-1
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ETHYLENE THIOUREA 000096-45-7
010947 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1992. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE PERINATAL TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF ETHYLENE
THIOUREA
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November 1993
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2,3- 000096-18-4
010849 NIP (NATIOMAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1991. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF 1 2 3-
TRICHLOROPROPANE (CAS NO 96-16-4) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). BOARD DRAFT NTP TR 384. NIH PUB NO 91-2839. US
DEPT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, NIH, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC.
US EPA. 1993. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
o
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