xvEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
Publication 9200.6-303(94-1)
EPA540/R-94/020
PB94-921199
March 1994
Superfund
Health Effects Assessment
Summary Tables
FY-1994 Annual
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9200.6-303(94-1)
EPA 540-R-94-020
PB94-921199
March 1994
HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT
SUMMARY TABLES
FY-1994 Annual
"u S Environmental Protection Agency
Region 5, Library (PL-12J)
77 West Jackson Boulevarjd, 12th Floor
Chicago, IL 60604-3590
Office of Research and Development
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
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DISCLAIMER
This report has been prepared by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The
information contained herein has been taken from final documents prepared by the
Office of Health and Environmental Assessment for the Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response and the Office of Water, Washington, DC and the Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC. These documents were
reviewed in accordance with Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of
trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION 1
WHAT'S NEW IN THE ANNUAL FY94 HEAST 11
USER'S GUIDE: CHEMICAL TOXICITY 19
USER'S GUIDE: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY 32
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) 1-1
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC
TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) R1-1
HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND
CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) 2-1
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -
SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) R2-1
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY 3-1
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY R3-1
HEAST TABLE 4A: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY - SLOPE
FACTORS (IN PICOCURIES) 4A-1
HEAST TABLE 4B: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY - SLOPE
FACTORS (IN BECQUERELS) 4B-1
APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION A-1
in
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INTRODUCTION
This document is the FY94 Annual Update of the Health Effects Assessment
Summary Tables (HEAST) prepared by EPA's Office of Health and Environmental
Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH for use at
both Superfund and RCRA sites. It completely replaces all former editions of the
HEAST.
This version of the HEAST will be updated in 1994 by a July 1994 Supplement
No. 1 and a November 1994 Supplement No. 2. These supplements will supercede the
information in this document, the March 1994 HEAST Annual Update. Therefore, if the
supplement(s) are available they should be checked whenever this document is
consulted. These supplements, however, will not be produced to stand alone and will
not contain the User's Guides or Appendix that are available in the annual update.
Thus, the user is strongly encouraged to refer to the March 1994 HEAST Annual Update
for this information.
The HEAST is a comprehensive listing consisting almost entirely of
PROVISIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT INFORMATION relative to oral and inhalation
routes for chemicals of interest to Superfund, the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act (RCRA), and the EPA in general. These entries in the HEAST are limited to
chemicals that have undergone review and have the concurrence of individual Agency
Program Offices, and each is supported by an Agency reference. This risk assessment
information has not, however, had enough review to be recognized as high quality,
Agency-wide consensus information.
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The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) is the Agency's official repository
of Agency-wide consensus chronic human health risk information. IRIS evaluations are
conducted by the Agency's Work Group Review process, i.e., they have been examined
by either the Reference Dose/Reference Concentration (RfD/RfC) Work Group or the
Carcinogen Risk Assessment Verification Endeavor (CRAVE) Work Group. These
Agency Work Groups conduct a process that leads to internal Agency scientific
consensus regarding risk assessment information on a chemical. This information is
recorded on IRIS, is considered to be 'Work Group Verified", and does not appear on
the HEAST. Thus, provisional risk assessment information on the HEAST is subject to
possible review and revision by these Agency Work Groups.
There are two exceptions to the above discussion. The HEAST also contains
information on chemicals that are a part of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) or the Drinking Water Criteria Document (DWCD) series. In each of these
cases, the chemicals are subject to extensive scientific peer review processes of
extremely high quality.
CHEMICAL STATUS DEFINITIONS
Chemicals reviewed by the Agency Work Groups are classified according to their
status as either "verified", "not verifiable", or "under review". The toxicity values (other
than NAAQS or DWCD values) listed on the HEAST are considered to be "provisional".
The Agency has no official definitions for these terms, but the HEAST user may interpret
them as follows:
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Provisional: A toxicity value or a cancer value is "provisional" if the value
has had some form of Agency review, but it does not appear on the IRIS
system. These values are generated in several ways. Often they are
determined in the course of developing an Agency document on a chemical
or on a class of chemicals. Some have been generated through the Work
Group process, but have not yet been input to the IRIS system. At the
time each value was derived, all available information on the chemical was
evaluated, the value was calculated using the most current methodology,
and a consensus was reached on the value by Agency scientists.
Brackets are placed around the names of toxicity and carcinogenicity
values on the HEAST to distinguish these "provisional" values from
information on IRIS. The following names are affected: RfD to [RfD], RfC
to [RfC], slope factor to [slope factor], EPA group to [EPA Group] and unit
risk to [unit risk].
These "provisional" values are found on the HEAST. They do not
appear on IRIS.
Verified: A toxicity value or a cancer value is 'Work Group Verified" if all
available information on the value has been examined by an Agency Work
Group, the value has been calculated using current Work Group
methodology, a unanimous consensus has been reached on the value by
the Work Group, and the value appears on IRIS.
Some numbers that have achieved unanimous concensus by the Work
Group may appear on the HEAST for a short time until they are loaded
onto IRIS, at which time they are termed, "verified." During the interim,
they are considered to be "provisional" values that are still "under review"
by the Work Group.
These "verified" numbers only appear on IRIS. They do not appear
on the HEAST.
Not verifiable: A toxicity value is "not verifiable" if an Agency Work Group
has considered all available data on a chemical and has unanimously
determined that data are inadequate to generate a value that would be
suitable for inclusion on IRIS. No toxicity value is calculated; no toxicity
value is available for IRIS or the HEAST.
This "not verifiable" status is noted on IRIS, and is sometimes found
on the HEAST, with a pointer to the IRIS system.
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Under Review: A toxicity value is "under review" if an Agency Work
Group is in the process of considering all available data on a chemical. All
Work Group chemicals will have this status until the toxicity value is placed
on the IRIS system. Toxicity values that have been withdrawn from IRIS
by a Work Group for further review will have this status.
This "under review" status may be indicated on IRIS or on the HEAST.
During this time, "provisional" toxicity values may appear on the
HEAST.
In all cases, the status of a chemical may change as new data become available,
and the assessment is revisited.
CAUTION
It is imperative for each user of the HEAST to recognize that the values listed in
the toxicity tables and the cancer table are generally considered to be PROVISIONAL
RISK ASSESSMENT INFORMATION. The user is referred to IRIS for 'Work Group
Verified" values. It is also important to remember that the numbers in these tables alone
tell very little about the adverse effects of a chemical or the quality of evidence on which
risk assessment information is based. Original assessment documents must be
consulted by users of the HEAST in order to fully appreciate the strengths and limitations
of a specific data base. Original source documents will allow for the most complete
characterization of potential toxicity associated with the range of exposure pathways
generally evaluated at Superfund and RCRA sites. The Reference Tables point the user
to these sources.
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CONTRIBUTORS
Chemicals commonly found at RCRA sites as identified by the Office of Solid
Waste's (OSW) Technical Assessment Branch are included in the HEAST. The Office
of Radiation Programs has provided data on radionuclide carcinogenicity for Tables 4A
and 4B of the HEAST. Finally, the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
(OAQPS) has provided information on chemicals for which Air Quality Criteria
Documents and National Ambient Air Quality Standards have been developed.
CHEMICALS LISTED
Most of the chemicals included on the toxicity tables and carcinogenicity table are
those for which at least one of the following EPA documents has been written: Health
Effects Assessment Document (HEA), Health and Environmental Effects Profile (HEEP),
Health and Environmental Effects Document (HEED), Health Assessment Document
(HAD), Air Quality Criteria Document (AQCD), Drinking Water Criteria Document
(DWCD). A description of each is provided in Appendix A, Section I. In a few cases,
the values are supported by other written material, such as Work Group meeting notes
or Carcinogen Assessment Group (CAG) Profiles. Radionuclide slope factor values are
calculated by the EPA's Office of Radiation Programs.
The names of criteria pollutants that are regulated as National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) under the Clean Air Act are listed in the main body of the HEAST,
but the actual criteria are included as Section V of Appendix A: Technical Information.
The NAAQS were not included in the tables in order to distinguish them from the
reference concentration ([RfC]) values. The NAAQS and [RfC]s represent different levels
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of review and different methods of calculation and thus, must be interpreted and used
differently.
HIERARCHY OF SOURCES
It is recognized that at any point in time there may be multiple old and new
Agency documents or data bases that present different values on a specific chemical.
For chemicals other than those represented by the NAAQS or DWCDs, the following
hierarchy of sources is recommended in evaluating chemical toxicity for Superfund sites:
1. The Agency's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) and cited
references. Changes are made in this data base on a monthly basis,
but there may be data gaps. Call IRIS USER SUPPORT at
(513)569-7254 for further information.
2. The Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST) and cited
references.
3. Consultation with the Superfund Health Risk Technical Support
Center (TSC) at (513)569-7300.
4. Do not consult either the toxicity tables (Appendix A) in the Superfund
Public Health Evaluation Manual (SPHEM, U.S. EPA, 1986) or the
September 1988 Public Health Risk Evaluation Data Base (PHRED)
as these sources are likely to contain numerous values that have
since become out-of-date.
QUESTIONS
Chemical Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
Regional EPA Superfund Staff may direct questions regarding the contents of the
chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity tables on the HEAST (e.g., chemicals not covered,
chemicals with pending [RfD]s) to EPA's Superfund Health Risk Technical Support
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Center (TSC) in Cincinnati, OH at (513)569-7300. Questions from other users must be
submitted to the TSC in writing and must contain the following information:
• Superfund site name, site location and twelve-digit site number;
• Name and phone number of the site Remedial Project Manager (RPM)
or Regional Risk Assessor/Toxicologist;
• Detailed description of the risk assessment related question.
Please send requests via mail or FAX to:
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center
US EPA
26 W. ML King Dr.
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office
MS 117
Cincinnati, OH 45268
FAX#: (513)569-7159
RCRA Chemicals
Questions about RCRA chemicals may be addressed by calling the Office of Solid
Waste at (202)260-4761.
Radionuclide Carcinogenicity
Questions concerning radionuclide carcinogenicity should first be addressed by
contacting the appropriate Regional Radiation Program Manager. A listing of these
managers and several contacts in the Office of Radiation Programs can be found in
Exhibit 2 of the User's Guide - Radionuclide Carcinogenicity.
REFERENCES
Most cited Agency references (e.g., HEAs, HEEPs, HEEDs), are (or will soon be)
available through the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal
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Road, Springfield, VA 22161 [(703)487-4650]. Carcinogen Assessment Group (GAG)
Profiles cited in Table 3 are available through the RCRA docket
(202)260-9327.
Drinking water documents are available by calling the Drinking Water Docket at
(202)260-3027.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Limited copies of the HEAST are available for EPA Superfund staff, State
Superfund programs and other Federal agencies working on Superfund sites, and EPA
contractors working for the EPA Superfund program. Users in these groups can call
Syracuse Research Corporation (202)479-0881 to be put on the mailing list.
EPA's Office of Solid Waste (OSW) requests that their users (i.e., OSW staff,
contractors, State solid waste programs) call the Health Assessment Section
(202)260-4761 to obtain copies of the HEAST. Regional OSW staff are reminded that
copies are sent to all EPA Regional libraries.
Users of the HEAST in EPA's Office of Air and Radiation and State air programs
should call Kelly Rimer of EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards at
(919)541-2962.
All other users must purchase the document from:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
(703)487-4650
For ordering information, call the NTIS Subscriptions Department at
(703)487-4630. NTIS normally ships 4th class United States mail. When ordering the
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1994 Health Effects Assessment Summary Table annual update from NTIS refer to the
folowing order number:
PB94-963310: Annual HEAST update
STRUCTURE OF THE HEAST
The HEAST Introduction contains explanatory material relative to the quality of
information on the HEAST, its sources, and its availability. This is followed by a listing
of changes since the last HEAST was published and then by User's Guides for both
Chemical Toxicity and Carcinogenicity, and Radionuclide Carcinogenicity. The values
on the HEAST are presented in a series of five tables that contain toxicity information
and three tables of references. The information contained in each table and their
designations are as follows:
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER
THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Table 1 lists subchronic and chronic non-cancer toxicity values that were
calculated using the current methodology practiced by the RfD/RfC Work
Group.
HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND
CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Table 2 lists subchronic and chronic non-cancer toxicity values that are
found in Agency documents, but were calculated by alternative methods
that are not currently practiced by the RfD/RfC Work Group. These values
are considered to be adequate provisional values for risk assessment
purposes at Superfund and RCRA sites, but are subject to being reviewed
by the RfD/RfC Work Group and revised when necessary to reflect current
work group practices.
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
Table 3 lists Carcinogenicity values that were calculated using the current
methodology of the CRAVE Work Group.
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HEAST TABLES 4A AND 4B: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY -
SLOPE FACTORS
Tables 4A and 4B list ingestion, inhalation and external exposure
carcinogenicity slope factors for radionuclides in two equivalent, but
different units, picocuries and becquerels, respectively.
HEAST TABLE 1 REFERENCES: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC
TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
The references for Table 1 are numerically coded to associate each toxicity
value clearly with its corresponding reference.
HEAST TABLE 2 REFERENCES: ALTERNATE METHODS -
SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN
CARCINOGENICITY)
The references for Table 2 are numerically coded to associate each toxicity
value clearly with its corresponding reference.
HEAST TABLE 3 REFERENCES: CARCINOGENICITY
The references for Table 3 are numerically coded to associate each toxicity
value clearly with its corresponding reference.
Following the tables, a Technical Appendix (Appendix A) is available, containing
the following sections:
I. Data Sources and Selection Criteria Used in HEAST
II. Dose Conversions on HEAST
III. Chemical Name and Chemical Abstracts Service
Registry Number Cross Reference
IV. Effect Level Definitions
V. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
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WHAT'S NEW IN THE FY94 HEAST
GENERAL CHANGES - CHEMICAL TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY
The changes in this version of the HEAST reflect changes in IRIS through Januray
1, 1994. It is also current with RfD/RfC and CRAVE Work Group activities through
January 1, 1994.
CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES - CHEMICAL TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY
A. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND
CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Aldicarb 000116-06-3
The chronic oral RfD has been replaced on IRIS. The chronic oral RfD on IRIS was
adopted as the subchronic oral [RfD].
Bromoform 000075-25-2
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC is considered not
verifiable by the RfD/RfC (02/11/93) Work Group.
Dichlorobenzene. 1.4- 000106-46-7
An indicator was added to show that the inhalation RfC is now available on IRIS. The
chronic inhalation RfC on IRIS was modified to derive the subchronic inhalation [RfC].
Dichloroethane. 1.2- 000107-06-2
The CAS Registry Number was corrected from 106-06-2 to 107-06-2. No other changes
in the table.
Glvcidaldehvde 000765-34-4
The NOAEL which was inadvertently omitted from the 1993 HEAST has been replaced
and converted from 10 ppm to 29 mg/cu m.
Hexachlorocvclopentadiene 000077-47-4
No change in the tables. Reference to one of two studies used in the HEED to derive the
RfC (Batelle Northwest Laboratories, 1984) was replaced in the reference section.
Manganese 007439-96-5
The chronic inhalation RfC has been replaced on IRIS. A subchronic inhalation [RfC] has
not been derived.
Methoxvchlor 000072-43-5
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC is considered not
verifiable by the RfD/RfC (11/07/91) Work Group.
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Trichloro-2'-hvdroxvdiphenvlether, 2,2,4'- 003380-34-5
The Target and Critical effect which were inadvertently omitted from the 1993 Annual
HEAST have been replaced.
B. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE
METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN
CARCINOGENICITY)
Dichlorobenzene, 1.2- 000095-50-1
The subchronic inhalation [RfCj which had inadvertently been omiited from the 1993
Annual HEAST has been replaced.
Ethoxvethanol acetate, 2- 000111-15-9
The NOEL units were corrected.
C. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
Dimethyl hydrazine, 1.1- 000057-14-7
No EPA Group Classification was provided in the reference document, therefore this
compound was removed from Table 3.
Methyl hvdrazine 000060-34-4
No EPA Group Classification was provided in the reference document, therefore this
compound was removed from Table 3.
Metholachlor 051218-45-2
An indicator was added to show that the EPA Group Classification is now available on
IRIS.
D. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES IN THE JULY 1993 AND NOVEMBER 1993
SUPPLEMENTS ON HEAST TABLE 4A AND 4B: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY
- SLOPE FACTORS
Uranium (92) U-238 +D
The ingestion, inhalation, and external slope factors in Tables 4A and 4B have changed
to correct an error in summation for the +D values of U-238.
Annnouncement of Upcoming Changes to Radionuclide Slope Factors
Slope factors for radionuclides are currently being revised to incorporate EPA's revised
methodology for estimating radiogenic cancer risk. The new methodology is being
reviewed by experts within and outside the EPA. Users of the HEAST should expect
revised radionuclide slope factors to be available sometime during 1994. The new
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values and a synopsis of the revised methodology will be published in the HEAST
quarterly update when available.
CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES MADE IN THE JULY 1993 SUPPLEMENT NO. 1
AND THE NOVEMBER 1993 SUPPLEMENT NO. 2 TO THE MARCH 1993 HEAST
ANNUAL UPDATE
The following changes were made in the July 1993 and November 1993 supplemental
editions of the Marcn 1993 Heast Annual Update and represent those changes that have
occurred between the publication of the March 1993 HEAST Annual Update and this
document, the March 1994 Heast Annual Update. Because some HEAST users may
have been unaware of the publications of these supplements, the following information
will indicate additional changes in toxicity information that should be noted. Note: These
changes have been incorporated into the March 1994 Annual Update.
A. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES IN THE JULY 1993 AND NOVEMBER 1993
SUPPLEMENTS ON HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Acrvlonitrile 000107-13-1
Added to Table 1. The chronic oral [RfD] under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group was
modified to derive the subchronic oral [RfD].
Arochlor 1248 012672-29-6
Added to Table 1. A comment was added to indicate that the chronic oral RfD is
considered not verifiable (07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Atrazine 001912-24-9
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD is now available on IRIS. The
chronic oral RfD on IRIS was adopted as the subchronic oral [RfD].
Barium cyanide 000542-62-1
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic oral RfD is considered not verifiable
(07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Benzenethiol / (ThiophenoO 000108-98-5
Added to Table 1. The chronic oral [RfD] under review by the RfD/RfD Work Group was
modified to derive the subchronic oral [RfD].
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Boron 007440-42-8
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for Boron was added.
Bromoethene / (Vinyl bromide) 000593-60-2
Added to Table 1. An indicator was added to show that the chronic inhalation RfC is now
available on IRIS. The chronic inhalation RfC on IRIS was adopted as the subchronic
inhalation [RfC].
Bromoform 000075-25-2
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC is considered not
verifiable (02/11/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Bromomethane 000074-83-9
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for Bromomethane was added.
Chlorobenzilate 000510-15-6
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC is considered not
verifiable (02/11/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Chromium(lll) 016065-83-1
The subchronic oral [RfD] was changed to agree with IRIS. The uncertainty factor was
changed to incorporate an additional Modifying Factor of 10 as on IRIS.
Cresol. p- / (Methylphenol. 4-) 000106-44-5
Study information was changed to be consistent with information under review by the
RfD/RfC work group. The NOEL is changed to a NOAEL, critical effects are changed,
and the chronic oral [RfD] is adopted as the subchronic oral [RfD].
Cvanazine 021725-46-2
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for Cyanazine was added.
Dicamba 001918-00-9
Added to Table 1. An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD is available
on IRIS. The chronic oral RfD was adopted as the subchronic oral [RfD].
Dichloropropene, 1.3- / (Telone II) 000542-75-6
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for 1,3-Dichloropropene was added.
Dinitro-o-cresol. 4.6- OOQ534-52-1
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC is considered not
verifiable (02/11/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
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Endosulfan 000115-29-7
The chronic oral RfD was withdrawn from IRIS (12/01/92). The chronic oral [RfD] was
changed to reflect the value currently under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group
(11/04/92). The chronic oral [RfD] was adopted as the subchronic oral [RfD].
Hexachlorobutadiene 000087-59-1
The chronic oral RfD was withdrawn from IRIS (05/01/93). The chronic oral [RfD] was
changed to reflect the value currently under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group
(04/01/93).
Isophorone 000078-59-1
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for Isophorone was added.
Manganese 007439-96-5
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Criteria Document for Manganese was added.
Methoxvethanol. 2- 000109-86-4
The chronic oral [RfD] and the subchronic oral [RfD] were moved from Table 1 to Table
2 because they were derived from methodology that is not current with the interim
methodology used by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Methyl ethvl ketone 000078-93-3
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD is now available on IRIS. The
subchronic oral [RfD] and the subchronic inhalation [RfC] were changed to be consistent
with IRIS.
Methyl ethvl ketone peroxide 001338-23-4
Added to Table 1. A comment was added to indicate that the chronic oral RfD is
considered not verifiable (07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group
Methvlene-bis(2-chloroaniline). 4.4'- 000101-14-4
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC is considered not
verifiable (02/10/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Methyl isobutyl ketone 000108-10-1
The chronic oral [RfD] was changed to reflect the value currently under review by the
RfD/RfC Work Group (07/22/93). The chronic oral [RfD] was modified to derive the
subchronic oral [RfD].
Metolachior 051218-45-2
Added to Table 1 from the 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water Quantification of
Toxicologic Effects for Metolachior. The chronic oral [RfD] was adopted as the
subchronic oral [RfD].
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Metribuzin 021087-64-9
Added to Table 1. An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD is now
available on IRIS. The chronic oral RfD on IRIS was adopted as the subchronic oral
[RfD].
Naphthalene 000091-20-3
The record for Naphthalene, which was inadvertently omitted from Table 1 of the Annual
HEAST, has been replaced.
Nickel cyanide 000557-19-7
Added to Table 1. A comment was added to indicate that the chronic oral RfD is
considered not verifiable (07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group
Nitroaniline, 2- 000088-74-4
The record for Nitroaniline, 2-, which was inadvertently omitted from Table 1 of the
Annual HEAST, has been replaced.
Osmium tetroxide 020816-12-0
Added to Table 1. A comment was added to indicate that the chronic oral RfD is
considered not verifiable (07/22/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group
Simazine 000122-34-9
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD is now available on IRIS. The
chronic oral RfD on IRIS was adopted as the subchronic oral [RfD].
Tetrachloroethane. 1.1.1.2- 000630-20-6
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane was added.
Thallic oxide 001314-32-5
A comment was added to indicate that the chronic oral RfD is considered not verifiable
(07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Thallium Selenite 012039-52-0
The chronic oral RfD was withdrawn from IRIS (08/93). A comment was added to
indicate that the chronic oral RfD is considered not verifiable (07/20/93) by the RfD/RfC
Work Group
Trichlorobenzene. 1.2.4- 000120-82-1
The chronic inhalation [RfC] was removed from Table 2. The chronic inhalation [RfC]
under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group was added to Table 1. The chronic inhalation
[RfC] under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group was modified to derive the subchronic
inhalation [RfC].
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Trifluralin 001582-09-8
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for Trifluralin was added.
Zinc (metallic) 007440-66-6
The record for Zinc (metallic), which was inadvertently omitted from Table 1 of the
Annual HEAST, has been replaced.
B. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES IN THE JULY 1993 AND NOVEMBER 1993
SUPPLEMENTS ON HEAST TABLE 2. SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Methoxvethanol. 2- 000109-86-4
The chronic oral [RfD] and the subchronic oral [RfD] were moved from Table 1 to Table
2 because they were derived from methodology that is not current with the interim
methodology used by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
Trichlorobenzene. 1.2.4 000120-82-1
The chronic inhalation [RfC] was removed from Table 2 and the chronic inhalation [RfC]
under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group was added to Table 1.
C. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES IN THE JULY 1993 AND NOVEMBER 1993
SUPPLEMENTS ON HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
Chloromethane / (Methyl chloride) 000074-87-3
The record for Chloromethane, which was inadvertently omitted from Table 3 of the
Annual HEAST, has been replaced.
Coke Oven Emissions 008007-45-2
An indicator was added to show that the EPA Group classification is now on IRIS.
Cvanazine 021725-46-2
Carcinogenicity information was added to Table 3 of the July 1993 Supplement from the
1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for
Cyanazine. The record was revised (cancers reported and the references changed) on
the November 1993 Supplement to reflect CRAVE Work Group review. There was no
change in quantitative values.
Dibromo-3-chloropropane. 1.2- 000096-12-8
The inhalation [slope] and the inhalation [unit risk] were inadvertently reversed on the
July 1992 Supplement 1.
Dichloropropene. 1.3- / (Telone II) 000542-75-6
The record was revised (cancers reported and the references changed) to reflect the
information currently under review by the CRAVE Work Group.
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Ethvlene thiourea 000096-45-7
The oral [slope] and the oral [unit risk] were changed to reflect the values currently under
review by the CRAVE Work Group.
Methvlenebis(benzeneamine), 4,4- 000101-77-9
No [EPA Group] classification was provided in the reference document, therefore the
compound was removed from Table 3.
Metolachlor 051218-45-2
Added to Table 3 from the 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water Quantification of
Toxicologic Effects for Metolachlor.
Mirex 002385-85-5
The oral [slope] and the oral [unit risk] are under review by the CRAVE Work Group and
were removed from Table 3.
TCDD, 2.3.7.8- 001746-01-6
The units for the inhalation [unit risk] were added to Table 3. There are no additional
changes to the Table.
Tetrachloroethane, 1.1.1.2- 000630-20-6
No change in the tables. Reference to 1993 Revised and Updated Drinking Water
Quantification of Toxicologic Effects for 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane was added.
Trichloropropane, 1,2,3- 000096-18-4
The oral [slope] and the oral [unit risk] being considered by the CRAVE Work Group and
were added to Table 3.
D. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC CHANGES IN THE JULY 1993 AND NOVEMBER 1993
SUPPLEMENTS ON HEAST TABLE 4A AND 4B: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY
-- SLOPE FACTORS
No new radionuclide slope factors were added to Tables 4A and 4B, and none of the
slope factors listed in the March 1993 HEAST Annual Update were changed.
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USER'S GUIDE: CHEMICAL TOXICITY
The HEAST summarizes provisional toxicity and cancer values as well as values
developed for the NAAQS and DWCD chemicals. The provisional status of the toxicity
and cancer values is indicated by placing brackets around the title of the value. These
include provisional reference concentrations ([RfC]} and provisional reference doses
([RfD]) for toxicity from subchronic and chronic inhalation and oral exposure (Tables 1
and 2) and provisional slope factors ([slope factor]), provisional cancer classifications
([EPA Group]) and provisional unit risk values ([unit risk]) for carcinogenicity, based on
lifetime inhalation and oral exposure (Table 3). Brackets should be included with the
acronym whenever a user quotes the value in an assessment document, and the
provisional nature of the value should be noted. A more complete discussion of how
Superfund develops and considers the toxicity assessment in hazardous waste sites is
presented in Chapter 7 of Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume 1: Human
Health Evaluation Manual, Part A, EPA/540/1-89/002.
The references listed for each chemical in the Reference Tables for Tables 1, 2
and 3 represent the study or studies that are the basis for the [RfC], [RfD], [slope factor],
[EPA Group], or [unit risk], as well as the EPA reference that is the source of the Agency
analysis or risk assessment information. In some cases, additional EPA documents are
also listed as a source of information on the chemical. Work Group verified values found
on IRIS are not found on the HEAST, but are indicated in the tables by the word "IRIS"
in place of the number.
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TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINO-
GENICITY)
The [RfC] or [RfD] is a provisional estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps
an order of magnitude) of the daily exposure to the human population (including sensitive
subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during
a portion of the lifetime, in the case of a subchronic [RfC] or [RfD], or during a lifetime,
in the case of a chronic [RfC] or [RfD]. The [RfC] and [RfD] values are listed in Tables
1 and 2 in columns with the headings "Subchronic" and "Chronic". The critical dose or
concentration level is usually a No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL) or a Lowest-
Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (LOAEL) (See Appendix A, Section IV: Effect Level
Definitions, for more information). The [RfC] or [RfD] is derived by dividing the NOAEL
or LOAEL by an uncertainty factor (UF) times a modifying factor (MF):
[RfClor[RW=NOAELorLOAEL
UF x Mr
In Tables 1 and 2, the information listed is the following:
Chemical = Chemical Name/CASRN
Level = Effect Level
Dose = Administered Dose or Concentration
Route = Route of Administration
Species = Tested Species
Experiment Length = Length of Exposure
Target = Target Organ(s) Affected at Critical Level
Critical Effect = Effect(s) Observed at Critical Level
Subchronic [RfC] = Subchronic Inhalation [Reference Concentration]
UF = Uncertainty Factor for the Subchronic Inhalation
[Reference Concentration]
Subchronic [RfD] = Subchronic Oral [Reference Dose]
UF = Uncertainty Factor for the Subchronic Oral [Reference
Dose]
Chronic [RfC] = Chronic Inhalation [Reference Concentration]
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UF = Uncertainty Factor for the Chronic Inhalation [Reference
Concentration]
Chronic [RfD] = Chronic Oral [Reference Dose]
UF = Uncertainty Factor for the Chronic Oral [Reference Dose]
Reference = Reference Identification Number for All Toxicity Values
on the Same Line.
An example of this information is shown in Figure 1, HEAST Table 1:
Chemical - GLYCIDALDEHYDE/000765-34-4
Level = NOAEL
Dose = 10 PPM
Route = INHALATION: INTERMITTENT
Species = RAT
Experiment Length = 12 WEEKS
Target = WHOLE BODY, BLOOD, KIDNEY
Critical Effect = DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN, HEMATOPOIETIC
EFFECTS, EFFECTS
Subchronic [RfC] = 1E-2mg/cu.m
UF = 300
Subchronic [RfD] = 4E-3 mg/kg/day
UF = 300
Chronic [RfC] = 1E-3mg/cu.m
UF = 3000
Chronic [RfD] = IRIS
UF = IRIS
Reference = 005968
Notice that a Chronic RfD for Glycidaldehyde is available on IRIS, so it is not listed here.
Also notice that there are footnotes for this chemical that indicate a route-to-route
extrapolation was performed and that there is information available on Table 3:
Carcinogenicity.
Also given in Figure 1 is an example of the References for Table 1 for the same
chemical. The reference is identified by the chemical name (Glycidaldehyde), the
CASRN (00765-34-4), and the reference number that links it with the toxicity values
(005968).
The uncertainty factor used in calculating the [RfC] or [RfD] reflects scientific
judgment regarding the various types of data used to estimate [RfC] or [RfD] values. An
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FIGURE 1
Example Data and References for Chemical Toxicity
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) January 1992
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
GLYCIUALDLHYUL
NOAEL 10 PPM
INHALATION
INTERMITTENT
NJ
M
000/65-34-4
RAT
12 WEEKS WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
KIDNEY
CRITICAL EFFECT
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
HEMATOPOIETIC EFFECTS
EFFECTS
Subchronic Chrome
[RfC] [RfO] [RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mq/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
11-2
300
4E-3
300
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0 5
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT. BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0 5
GENERAL COMMENT' ALSO SEE TABLE 3 CARCINOGENICITY
1E-3
3000
IRIS
REFERENCE
005966
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
January J992
GLYCIDALDEHYDE 000765-34-4
005968 HINE CH RJ GUZMAN. MK DUNLAP R LIMA AND GS LOQUVAM 1961 STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF GLYCIDALDEHYDE ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH
2- 23-30
US EPA 1989 HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENTFOR GLYCIDALDEHYDE PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE. WASHINGTON. DC
-------
uncertainty factor of 10 is usually used to account for variation in human sensitivity
among populations. An additional 10-fold factor is usually used to account for each of
the uncertainties assumed when extrapolating from animal data to humans, when
extrapolating from a LOAEL to a NOAEL, and when extrapolating from subchronic to
chronic exposure. In order to reflect professional assessment of the uncertainties of the
study and the data base not explicitly addressed by the above uncertainty factors (e.g.,
completeness of the overall data base), an additional uncertainty factor or modifying
factor ranging from greater than 0 to less than or equal to 10 is applied. The default
value for this modifying factor is 1.
For chemicals for which a chronic [RfC] or [RfD] is presented in Tables 1 and 2,
a subchronic [RfC] or [RfD] is usually derived, if not previously derived in the Agency
documents that originally addressed the chemical. Subchronic toxicity values are not
evaluated by the RfD/RfC Work Group. The subchronic [RfC] or [RfD] is derived in
either of two ways: 1) If an uncertainty factor was used to account for extrapolation from
subchronic to chronic exposure in the derivation of the chronic [RfC] or [RfD], then, the
subchronic [RfC] or [RfD] is derived from the same benchmark concentration or dose
without applying the uncertainty factor for subchronic to chronic exposure extrapolation.
2) If the chronic [RfC] or [RfD] was derived without use of an uncertainty factor for
extrapolating from subchronic to chronic exposure (e.g., if chronic data were available),
then, the chronic [RfC] or [RfD] is adopted as the subchronic [RfC] or [RfD].
Tables 1 and 2 list the uncertainty factor and modifying factor, multiplied together,
to form a single factor under the heading "Uncertainty Factor." For example, the
uncertainty factor of 3000 listed for the chronic inhalation [RfC] for Glycidaldehyde
reflects an uncertainty factor of 1000 (10 for human sensitivity, 10 for extrapolation from
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animal to human, and 10 for extrapolation from subchronic to chronic) and a modifying
factor of 3 (for an inadequate data base); the uncertainty factor of 500 listed for the
subchronic oral [RfD] for cyanide reflects an uncertainty factor of 100 (10 for human
sensitivity, and 10 for extrapolation from animal to human) and a modifying factor of 5
(to account for tolerance to cyanide when ingested by food rather than administration by
gavage or by drinking water).
[RfC] and [RfD] values are specific for the route of exposure for which they are
listed on Tables 1 and 2. In the few instances where an [RfD] or [RfC] has been
determined from another exposure route, route-to-route extrapolation is indicated by a
footnote.
The current methodology for the derivation of inhalation RfCs is detailed in the
document, "Interim Methods for Development of Inhalation Reference Doses" (U.S. EPA,
1990, EPA/600/8-88/066F, NTIS PB90-145723). These methods are different from those
used for oral RfDs because of (1)the dynamics of the respiratory system and its
diversity across species, and (2) differences in the physicochemical properties of
contaminants (such as the size and shape of a particle or whether the contaminant is
an aerosol or a gas). Parameters such as deposition, clearance mechanisms and the
physicochemical properties of the inhaled agent are considered in the determination of
the effective dose delivered to the target organ.
An RfC value calculated using this interim methodology is generally reported as
a concentration in air (mg/m3), although it may be converted to a corresponding inhaled
dose (mg/kg/day) by dividing by 70 kg (an assumed human body weight), multiplying by
20 m3/day (an assumed human inhalation rate), and adjusting by an appropriate
absorption factor. This conversion, however, may often be technically incorrect, and the
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appropriateness of doing this must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. It is
recommended that HEAST users that plan to use this technique read a further
discussion of the difficulties inherent in this dose conversion that can be found in
Appendix A, Section II: Dose Conversions On HEAST.
Inhalation [RfC] values reported in HEAs and early HEEDs that were finalized prior
to the implementation of the interim methods were calculated using methods similar in
concept to those used for oral [RfD]s. These values are reported both as a
concentration in air (in mg/m3 for continuous, 24 hours/day exposure) under the column
[RfC], and as a corresponding inhaled dose (in mg/kg/day) in the footnotes called,
Chronic (Subchronic) [RfC] Comment. These chemicals are listed in Table 2: Alternate
Methods - Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity (Other Than Carcinogenicity).
[RfD] values for oral exposure are reported as mg/kg/day. An oral [RfD] value can
be converted to a corresponding concentration in drinking water, assuming human body
weight of 70 kg and water consumption of 2 L/day, as follows:
mdL in water = oraj [Rf® (in mSdk9ldatf x 70 k9
2 Ljday
The [RfC] or [RfD] is used as a reference point for gauging the potential effects
of other exposures. Usually, exposures that are less than the [RfC] or [RfD] are not
likely to be associated with health risks. As the frequency of exposures exceeding the
[RfC] or [RfD] increases and as the size of the excess increases, the probability
increases that adverse health effects may be observed in a human population.
Nonetheless, a clear distinction that would categorize all exposures below the [RfC] or
[RfD] as "acceptable" (risk-free) and all exposures in excess of the [RfC] or [RfD] as
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"unacceptable" (causing adverse effects) cannot be made. In addition, [RfC] and [RfD]
values, and particularly those with limitations ir, the quality or quantity of supporting data,
are subject to change as additional information becomes available.
When [RfC] or [RfD] values are listed in Tables 1 or 2 for chemicals that are
carcinogens, a footnote will refer to Table 3 if additional information concerning
carcinogenicity is available in tnat table. [RfC] and [RfD] values that have been derived
for carcinogens are based on noncancer endpoints only and should not be assumed to
be protective against carcinogenicity.
TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Chemicals are listed in Table 2 when the [RfD] or [RfC] was derived from
alternative methods that are not currently practiced by the RfD/RfC Work Group. The
table consists primarily of inhalation [RfC] values determined from methodology that does
not follow the interim inhalation methods adopted by the Agency, and [RfC] or [RfD]
values based on route-to-route extrapolation with inadequate pharmacokinetic and
toxicity data. A footnote is added to each chemical to provide a short explanation of the
specific methodology used in calculating these provisional toxicity values. Most of these
toxicity values were formerly listed in Table 1. In some instances, the chemical may be
listed in both Tables 1 and 2 if the chemical has more than one toxicity value. Table 2
follows the same format as Table 1 (refer to Figure 1).
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TABLES: CARCINOGENICITY
In assessing the carcinogenic potential of a chemical, the Human Health
Assessment Group (HHAG) of EPA classifies the chemical into one of the following
groups, according to the weight of evidence from epidemiologic and animal studies:
Group A - Human Carcinogen (sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in
humans)
Group B - Probable Human Carcinogen (B1 - limited evidence of
carcinogenicity in humans; B2 - sufficient evidence of carcino-
genicity in animals with inadequate or lack of evidence in
humans)
Group C - Possible Human Carcinogen (limited evidence of carcinogenicity
in animals and inadequate or lack of human data)
Group D - Not Classifiable as to Human Carcinogenicity (inadequate or no
evidence)
Group E - Evidence of Noncarcinogenicity for Humans (no evidence of
carcinogenicity in adequate studies).
These classifications are shown under [EPA Group] on Table 3.
Quantitative carcinogenic risk assessments are performed for chemicals in Groups
A and B, and on a case-by-case basis for chemicals in Group C. Cancer [slope factors]
(formerly called cancer potency factors in the Superfund Public Health Evaluation
Manual) are estimated through the use of mathematical extrapolation models, most
commonly the linearized multistage model, for estimating the largest possible linear
slope (within the 95% confidence limit) at low extrapolated doses that is consistent with
the data. The [slope factor] or risk is characterized as an upper-bound estimate, i.e., the
true risk to humans, while not identifiable, is not likely to exceed the upper-bound
estimate and in fact may be lower.
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Quantitative carcinogenic estimates listed in Table 3 include the following:
[slope factor] = risk per unit dose = risk per mg/kg/day
[unit risk] for inhalation exposure = risk per concentration unit in air = risk per
[unit risk] for oral exposure = risk per concentration unit in water = risk per//g/L
[Unit risk] estimates for inhalation and oral exposure can be calculated by dividing the
appropriate [slope factor] by 70 kg and multiplying by the inhalation rate (20 m3/day) or
the water consumption rate (2 L/day), respectively, for risk associated with unit
concentration in air or water. Hence,
risk per //g/m3 (air) = (risk per mg/kg/day) x 1 x 20 m3/day x 1 0~3(mg/j/g)
70kg
risk per //g/L (water) = (risk per mg/kg/day) x 1 x 2 L/day x 10~3 (mg///g)
70kg
Quantitative estimates of carcinogenic risk are listed under [Unit Risk] or [Slope Factor]
in Table 3. Information on the study and data set used for estimation of the [slope
factor] is given in the other columns of Table 3.
In Table 3, the information listed is the following:
Chemical = Chemical Name/CASRN
Route = Route of Administration
Species = Tested Species
Experiment Length = Length of Exposure
Target = Target Organ(s) Affected at Critical Level
Cancer = Tumors Observed at Critical Level (Not Specified
if More Than One Type of Tumor)
[EPA Group] = EPA Classification by Weight of Evidence
Oral [Slope Factor] = Risk Per Unit Dose
Inhalation [Slope Factor] = Risk Per Unit Dose
Oral [Unit Risk] = Risk Per Concentration Unit in Water
Inhalation [Unit Risk] = Risk Per Concentration Unit in Air
Reference = Reference Identification Number for All Toxicity
Values on the Same Line.
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An example of this information is shown in Figure 2, HEAST Table 3:
Chemical = DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2-7000077-78-1
Route = ORAL: DRINKING WATER
Species = MOUSE
Experiment Length = LIFETIME
Target = CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Cancer = TUMORS
[EPA Group] = B2
Oral [Slope Factor] = 3.7E+1 (MG/KG/DAY)-1
Inhalation [Slope Factor] = 3.7E+1 (MG/KG/DAYJ-1
Oral [Unit Risk] = 1.1E-3 (UG/L)-1
Inhalation [Unit Risk] = 1.1E-2 (UG/CU M)-1
Reference = 009993
Notice that the inhalation values for 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine was extrapolated from the
oral data.
Also given in Figure 2 is an example of the References for Table 3 for the same
chemical. The reference is identified by the chemical name (Dimethylhydrazine, 1,2-),
the CASRN (000077-78-1), and the reference number that links it with the toxicity values
(009993).
Quantitative carcinogenic estimates are specific for the route of exposure for which
they are listed on Table 3. Footnotes are used to indicate those instances in which the
values for inhalation or oral exposure are based on extrapolation from another route of
exposure. The route-to-route conversion required to present inhalation [slope factors]
in the units of mg/kg/day is considered by the CRAVE Work Group to be technically
incorrect. It is recommended that HEAST users who plan to use this information read
a further discussion of the difficulties inherent in this dose conversion which can be
found in Appendix A, Section II: Dose Conversions On HEAST.
To estimate risk-specific concentrations in air from the [unit risk] in air as presented
in Table 3, the specified level of risk is divided by the [unit
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FIGURE 2
Example Data and References for Carcinogenicity
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES TARGET
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (mg/kg/day) '(mg/kg/day) l
January 1992
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L) ' (ug/cu m) '
OJ
o
DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE.1.2- 000077 78-1
ORAL DRINKING LIFETIME
WATER
MOUSE CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
B2
3 7E+1
3 7E+1
TUMORS
Inhalation [Slope] Comment BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION
1 1E-3 1 1E-2 009993
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
January 1992
DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE. 1.2- 000077-78-1
009993 TOTH B AND K PATEL 1982 CARCINOGENICITY DOSE-RESPONSE STUDY BY CONTINUOUS ADMINISTRATION OF 1.2-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
DI-HYDROCHLORIDE IN MICE I LIGHT AND TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF COLONOIC NEOPLASMS AM. J OF PATH
84 69-86.
US EPA 1988 CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVEJ WORK GROUP
-------
risk] for air. Hence, the air concentration (in //g/m3) corresponding to an upper-bound
increased lifetime cancer risk of 1x10"5 is calculated as follows:
in air =
[unit r/s/c] in (\iglm3)
-1
To estimate risk-specific concentrations in drinking water from the oral [slope factor]
values presented in Table 3, the specified level of risk is multiplied by 70 kg and divided
by the [slope factor] times 2 L/day. Hence, the water concentration corresponding to an
upper-bound increased lifetime cancer risk of 1x10"5 is calculated as follows:
mglL in water IxlP* xTO kg
[slope factor] in (mgfkgjdatf^ x 2 LJday
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USER'S GUIDE: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY
INTRODUCTION
EPA classifies all radionuclides as Group A (known human) carcinogens. HEAST
Tables 4A and 4B list ingestion, inhalation and external exposure cancer slope factors
for radionuclides in units of picocuries and becquerels, respectively.1 Ingestion and
inhalation slope factors are best estimates (i.e., median or 50th percentile values) of the
age-averaged, lifetime excess cancer incidence (fatal and nonfatal cancer) risk per unit
of activity inhaled or ingested, expressed as risk/pCi or risk/Bq. External exposure slope
factors are best estimates of the lifetime excess cancer incidence risk for each year of
exposure to external radiation from photon-emitting radionuclides distributed uniformly
in a thick layer of soil, and are expressed as risk/yr per pCi (or Bq)/gram of soil. When
combined with site-specific media concentration data and appropriate exposure
assumptions2, slope factors can be used to estimate lifetime cancer risks to members
of the general population due to radionuclide exposures.
1 Slope factors are reported in Tables 4A and 4B in two different units of activity. Table 4A presents slope
factors in the customary units of picocuries (1 pCi = 1012 curies (Ci) = 3.7xlO"2 nuclear transformations per second)
for consistency with the system used for radionuclides in the IRIS database; Table 4B presents slope factors in the
International System (SI) units of becquerels (1 Bq = 1 nuclear transformation per second; approximately 27 pCi).
Users can calculate cancer risks using slope factors expressed in either customary units or SI units with equivalent
results, provided that they also use air, water and soil concentration values in the same system of units.
2 Agency standardized default exposure scenarios and assumptions for use in baseline risk assessment are provided
in EPA (1991), Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: "Standard Default Exposure Factors"
(Interim Final), Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, OSWER Directive 9285.6-03. [NT1S order number:
PB 91-921314,]
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INTENDED USERS AND APPLICATIONS
HEAST users include individuals from the EPA, other Federal agencies, States and
contractors who are responsible for the identification, characterization and remediation
of sites contaminated with radioactive materials. Radionuclide slope factors are
calculated by EPA's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air (ORIA) to assist HEAST users
with risk-related evaluations and aecision-making at various stages of the remediation
process. During site assessment, for example, slope factors are used in EPA's Hazard
Ranking System (HRS) to assign toxicity factor values to radionuclides to calculate site
scores. During the remedial investigation and feasibility study (RI/FS), slope factors are
used to determine baseline site risk, to develop preliminary remediation goals, and to
evaluate cleanup alternatives. For further examples on the application of radionuclide
slope factors in risk evaluations, users are referred to the following EPA documents:
Hazard Ranking System (HRS), Federal Register (55 FR 515320), December
1990.
Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund; Volume I - Human Health
Evaluation Manual (RAGS/HHEM), Part A, Baseline Risk Assessment
(EPA/540/1-89/002).
RAGS/HHEM Part B, Development of Risk-Based Preliminary Remediation
Goals (OSWER Directive 9285.7-01 B). [NTIS order number: PB 92-963333.]
RAGS/HHEM Part C, Risk Evaluation of Remedial Alternatives
(OSWER Directive 9285.7-01 C). [NTIS order number: PB 92-
963334.]
Copies of RAGS/HHEM Parts A, B and C are available to the public from the
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) at (703)487-4650. Copies are available
to EPA staff by calling the Superfund Documents Center at (202)260-9760.
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RADIATION EFFECTS
Ionizing radiation has been shown to be a carcinogen, a mutagen, and a teratogen.
At sufficiently high doses, radiation acts as a complete carcinogen, serving as both an
initiator and promoter, and can induce cancers in nearly any tissue or organ in both
humans and animals. At lower doses and dose rates, radiation produces delayed
responses in the form of increased incidence of cancer long after the exposure period.
These delayed responses have been documented extensively in epidemiological studies
of Japanese atomic bomb survivors, underground uranium miners, radium dial painters,
and patients subject to a variety of radiation treatments. Laboratory animal research and
mammalian tissue culture studies have provided additional, collaborative data.
Mutagenic effects of radiation have been demonstrated primarily in animal and tissue
culture studies; limited data from studies of A-bomb survivors indicate that humans may
be as sensitive or less sensitive than animals to radiogenic mutagenicity. Data are also
available from both human and animal studies on the teratogenic effects of radiation.
These data show that the fetus is most sensitive to radiation injury during the early
stages of organ development (between 8 and 15 weeks for the human fetus). Resultant
radiation-induced malformations depend on which cells are most actively differentiating
at the time of exposure.
EPA classifies all radionuclides as Group A carcinogens, based on their property of
emitting ionizing radiation and on the extensive weight of evidence provided by
epidemiological studies of radiogenic cancers in humans. At Superfund radiation sites,
EPA generally evaluates potential human health risks based on the radiotoxicity, i.e.,
adverse health effects caused by ionizing radiation, rather than on the chemical toxicity,
of each radionuclide present. These evaluations consider the carcinogenic effects of
-34-
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radionuclides only, in most cases, cancer risks are limiting, exceeding both mutagenic
and teratogenic risks.
DERIVATION OF RADIONUCLIDE SLOPE FACTORS
EPA's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air (ORIA) calculates radionuclide slope factor
values using health effects data and dose and risk models from a number of national and
international scientific advisory commissions and organizations, including the National
Academy of Sciences (NAS), the National Council on Radiation Protection and
Measurements (NCRP), the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic
Radiation (UNSCEAR), and the International Commission on Radiological Protection
(ICRP). A detailed discussion of ORP's approach and assumptions is provided in Risk
Assessment Methodology, Environmental Impact Statement, NESHAPS for
Radionuclides, Background Information Document - Volume I (EPA 520/1-89-005:
September 1989).
Radionuclide slope factors are calculated for each radionuclide individually, based
on its unique chemical, metabolic and radioactive properties. The calculation uses
EPA's computer code RADRISK3, life table analyses (described in EPA 520/1-89-005);
and cancer risk estimates based largely on the results of the NAS BEIR III report.4
Ingestion and inhalation slope factors for radionuclides account for:
3 Dunning, D.E. Jr., Leggett, R.W., and Yalcinatas, M.G. (1980). "A Combined Methodology for Estimating
Dose Rates and Health Effects from Exposure to Radioactive Pollutants." ORNL/TM-7105.
4 National Academy of Sciences (1980). The Effects on Populations of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing
Radiation. Report of the Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR III). National Research
Council, Washington, D.C. EPA anticipates that the slope factors for radionuclides in HEAST will be modified in
the future to incorporate the results of BEIR V (1990) and/or other relevant sources.
-35-
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the amount of radionuclide transported into the bloodstream from
either the gastrointestinal (Gl) tract following ingestion, or from the
lungs following inhalation;
the ingrowth and decay of radioactive progeny produced within the
body subsequent to intake;
the distribution and retention of each radionuclide (and its associated
progeny, if appropriate) in body tissues and organs;
the radiation dose delivered to body tissues snd organs from the
radionuclide (and its associated progeny, if appropriate); and
the sex, age, and organ-specific risk factors over the lifetime of
exposure.
The slope factors are the average risk per unit intake or exposure for an individual
in a stationary population with vital statistics (mortality rates) of the United States in
1970. (The expected lifetime for an individual in this population is about 70 years.)
Consequently, radionuclide ingestion and inhalation slope factors are not expressed as
a function of body weight and time, and do not require corrections for gastrointestinal
absorption or lung transfer efficiencies.
-36-
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NOTE: The Gl absorption values (fj, ICRP lung classifications (D, W, Y) and
radioactive half-lives are provided in HEAST Tables 4A and 4B for reference
only and should not be used to correct, modify, or in any way adjust
radionuclide slope factors or intake assumptions in risk calculations.
External slope factors provide cancer risk estimates per unit exposure to a uniform
radionuclide concentration in soil. These factors, which account for photon energy flux
attenuation and buildup in soil, are calculated for each radionuclide using volume and
surface dose factors derived using the computer code DFSOIL.5
Because of the radiation risk models employed for both internal and external
exposures, slope factors for radionuclides are characterized as best estimates (i.e.,
median or 50th percentile values) of the age-averaged lifetime total excess cancer
incidence risk per unit intake or exposure.
ABOUT THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN TABLES 4A AND 4B:
Tables 4A and 4B list ingestion, inhalation and external exposure slope factors of
principal radionuclides, and provide key parameter values used in the derivation of slope
factor values. In both tables, radionuclides are presented alphabetically by element and
atomic weight.
Selected radionuclides that have radioactive Decay products are designated within
the HEAST tables with the suffix "+D" (e.g., U-238+D, Ra-226+D, Cs-137+D) to indicate
Sjoreen. A.L., Kocher. D.C.. Killough, G.G. and Miller C.W. (1984). "MLSOIL and DFSOIL - Computer Codes
to Estimate Effective Ground Surface Concentrations for Dose Computations." Oak Ridge National Laboratorv'. Oak
Ridge. TN. ORNL-5974.
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that the cancer risk estimates for such radionuclides include the contributions from either
ajl, or only some, of their decay products. The slope factor for a radionuclide marked
with a "+D" accounts for risk from all direct progeny with half-lives of less than one year.
The slope factor for U-238+D, for example, includes the risk from U-238, Th-234, and
Pa-234, but not from U-234 or any of its progeny.
Decay sub-chains included in the HEAST Tables 4A and 4B are identified in Exhibit
1, and members of such sub-chains are noted in the HEAST tables with a dagger ("t")-
The rationale for the one year half-life cutoff for members of a sub-chain is that such
radionuclides are likely to achieve secular equilibrium with the parent over the time
scales commonly encountered in environmental remediation, while radionuclides with
longer half-lives may not.
When a radionuclide is in secular equilibrium with all its progeny, one should add the
slope factors for all the relevant sub-chains. To assess risk from Ra-226 in equilibrium
with all its progeny, for example, one adds the slope factors for Ra-226+D and Pb-
210+D.
In most cases, site-specific analytical data should be used to establish the actual
degree of equilibrium between each parent radionuclide and its decay products in each
media sampled. However, in the absence of empirical data, the "+D" values for
radionuclides should be used unless there are compelling reasons not to. For example,
the external slope factors for Cs-137 and Cs-137+D are 0.0 and 2x10"6 (risk per year per
pCi/gram), respectively. The value for Cs-137+D is higher because it includes the risk
contribution from cesium's short-lived gamma-emitting decay product Ba-137m (half-life,
25.5 minutes) which, under most environmental conditions, will be in secular equilibrium
with Cs-137.
-38-
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Note that there may be circumstances, such as long disposal times or technologically
enhanced concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides, that may necessitate the
combination of the risks of a parent radionuclide and its decay products over several
contiguous subchains. For example, Ra-226 soil analyses at a site might show that all
radium decay products are present in secular equilibrium down to stable Pb-206 (See
Exhibit 1). In this case, Ra-226 risk calculations should be based on the ingestion,
inhalation and external exposure slope factors for the Ra-226+D subchain, plus the
ingestion, inhalation and external exposure factors for the Pb-210+D subchain. For
actual sites, users should consult with a health physicist or radiochemist (1) to evaluate
the site-specific analytical data to determine the degree of equilibrium between parent
radionuclides and decay members of contiguous decay chains, and (2) to assist in the
combination of appropriate slope factor values. For health physics and radioanalytical
support, HEAST users may contact EPA's Regional Radiation Program Staff, ORIA's
National Air and Radiation Laboratory (NAREL) in Montgomery, Alabama, ORIA's Las
Vegas Laboratory (ORP-LV) in Las Vegas, Nevada, or the ORIA staff at EPA
Headquarters in Washington, DC, listed in Exhibit 2.
A Chemical Abstract System Reference Number (CASRN) is assigned to each
radionuclide for identification and reporting accuracy during risk assessments. Users
should report a CASRN for all radionuclides (both parent and decay product
radionuclides) included in risk calculations. Radioactive half-lives are provided in the
HEAST tables for reference.
The designations "D",'W, and 'Y" presented under the heading "ICRP Lung Class"
in the tables refer to the lung clearance times for inhaled particulate radionuclides,
expressed as days (D), weeks (W), or years (Y), as recommended by the International
-39-
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Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Gaseous radionuclides, e.g., Rn-222,
are designated with an asterisk ("*"). "Gl Absorption Factors, f," are the fractional
amounts of each radionuclide that may be absorbed from the gastrointestinal (Gl) tract
into blood following an oral intake. The ICRP lung clearance classifications and Gl
absorption factors provided in Tables 4A and 4B are the default values that EPA used
to calculate radionuclide slope factors for inhalation and ingestion exposures,
respectively. These factors are provided for reference only (see the Note Box on the
previous page).
WHERE TO ADDRESS QUESTIONS ABOUT RADIONUCLIDE SLOPE FACTORS
EPA continuously reviews the scientific literature on radiation effects to ensure that
the Agency's risk assessment methodologies are consistent with current models and
assumptions. As risk assessment methodologies are refined, the slope factors in Tables
4A and 4B will be revised and updated.
HEAST users with questions about radionuclide slope factor values and their use in
radiation risk assessments should contact the Remedial Guidance Section of the
Radiation Assessment Branch of ORIA at (202)233-9350. Written requests for
assistance can be sent by fax to (202)233-9650.
-40-
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Exhibit 1: Radioactive Decay Chains Included in HEAST Tables 4A and 4B*
Principal Decay
Chain
Uranium- 23 8
Uranium- 23 5
Thorium- 23 2
Subchain"
U-238+D
U-234
Th-230
Ra-226+D
Pb-210+D
Pb-206
U-235+D
Pa-231
AC-227+D
Pb-207
Th-232
Ra-228+D
Th-228+D
Pb-208
Membersb
U-238
Th-234
Pa-234
U-234
Th-230
Ra-226
Rn-222"
Po-218
Pb-214
Bi-214
Po-214
Pb-210
Bi-210
Po-210
Pb-206
U-235
Th-231
Pa-231
Ac-227
Th-227 [99%]
Ra-233
Rn-219
Po-215
Pb-211
Bi-211
Tl-207
Pb-207
Th-232
Ra-228
Ac-228
Th-228
Ra-224
Rn-220
Po-216
Pb-212
Bi-212
Po-212 [64%]
Tl-208 [36%]
Pb-208
Half-life0
4.468E+09 Y
2 .410E+01 D
1.170E+00 M
2.445E+05 Y
7.700E+C4 Y
1.600E+03 Y
3.823E+00 D
3 .050E+00 M
2.680E+01 M
1.990E+01 M
1.637E-04 S
2.226E+01 Y
5.013E+00 D
1.384E+02 D
[Stable]
7.038E+08 Y
2.552E+01 H
3 .726E+04 Y
2.177E+01 Y
1.872E+01 D
1.143E+01 D
3.960E+00 S
1.778E-03 S
3 .610E+01 M
2.130E+00 M
4.770E+00 M
[Stable]
1.405E+10 Y
5.750E+00 Y
6.130E+00 H
1.913E+00 Y
3.620E+00 D
5.561E+01 S
1.460E-01 S
1.064E+01 H
6.055E+01 M
2.980E-07 S
3.053E+00 M
[Stable]
-41-
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Exhibit 1: Radioactive Decay Chains Included in HEAST
Tables 4A and 4B
(Continued)*
Principal Decay Chain
Neptunium- 237
Americium-243
Cesium- 13 7
Strontium- 90
Sub chain*
Np-237+D
U-233
Th-229-^D
Bi-209
Am-243+D
Cs-137+D
Sr-90+D
Members*
Np-237
Pa-233
U-233
Th-229
Ra-225
Ac-225
Fr-221
At-217
Bi-213
Po-213 [98%]
Tl-209 [2%]
Pd-209
Bi-209
Am-243
Np-239
Cs-137
Ba-137m
Sr-90
Y-90
Half-lifec
2.140E+06 Y
2 .700E+01 D
1.592E+05 Y
7.340E+03 Y
1.480E+01 D
l.OOOE+01 D
4.800E+00 M
3.230E-02 S
4.565E+01 M
4.200E-06 S
2.200E+00 M
3.253E+00 H
[Stable]
7.380E+03 Y
2.355E+00 D
3.017E+01 Y
2.552E+00 M
2.860E+01 Y
6.410E+01 H
* See the discussion on radioactive decay chains in the User's
Guide.
a Radioactive decay chains included in HEAST Tables 4A and 4B.
Radionuclides marked with the suffix "+D" include risks from decay
chain members, assuming secular equilibrium (i.e., equal activity
concentrations) in the environment.
b The chain of decay products of a parent radionuclide extends to
(but does not include) members of the next subchain (e.g., U-238+D
includes U-238, Th-234 and Pa-234, but not U-234). Note that there
may be circumstances when it may be necessary to combine the risks
for a parent radionuclide over several contiguous subchains,
depending on the conditions of equilibrium. Branches in the decay
chain are indicated in square brackets with branching percentages in
parentheses.
" A radon-222 decay subchain, Rn-222+D, is also included in the
HEAST tables, comprised of ingestion, inhalation and external
exposure slope factors for Rn-222 plus the corresponding slope
factors for each of its decay products (Po-218, Pb-214, Bi-214 and
Po-214) . For the ingestion and external exposure slope factors for
Rn-222+D, decay products are assumed to be in secular equilibrium.
For the inhalation slope factor, decay products are assumed to be in
50% equilibrium.
c Radioactive half-life in years (Y), days (D) , hours (H) , minutes
(M) or seconds (S).
-42-
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Exhibit 2. EPA Radiation Program Staff
Tom D'Avanzo (617) 565-4502
Radiation Program Manager, Region 1
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
John F. Kennedy Federal Building
Room 2311
Boston, MA 02203
Paul A. Giardina . (212) 264-4110
Radiation Branch Chief, Region 2
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Room 1005 (AWM-RAD)
26 Federal Plaza
New York, NY 10278
Lewis K. Felleisen (215) 597-8326
Radiation Program Manager, Region 3
Special Program Section (3AM12)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
841 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Chuck Wakamo (404) 347-3907
Radiation Program Manager, Region 4
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
345 Courtland Street, NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
Jack Barnette (312) 886-6175
Radiation Program Manager, Region 5
(5AR26)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
Donna M. Ascenzi (214) 655-7224
Radiation Program Manger, Region 6
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Air Enforcement Branch (6T-E)
Air, Pesticides and Toxics Division
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
Robert Dye (913) 551-7605
Radiation Program Manager, Region 7
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, KS 66101
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Exhibit 2. EPA Radiation Program Staff (Continued)
Milton W. Lammering (303)
Radiation and Indoor Air Program
Branch Chief, Region 8
(8HWM-RP)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Suite 500
999 18th Street
Denver, CO 80202-2405
293-1440
Michael S. Bandrowski
Radiation and Indoor Air Office
Director, Region 9
(Al-1)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
Jerry Leitch (206)
Radiation Program Manager, Region 10
(AT-082)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
(415) 744-1048
553-7660
Samuel T. Windham, Director
National Air and Radiation
Environmental Laboratory (NAREL)
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1504 Avenue A
Montgomery, AL 36115-2601
Jed Harrison, Acting Director (702)
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
Las Vegas Facility (ORP/LVF)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 98517
Las Vegas, NV 89193-8517
Nicholas Lailas, Chief (202)
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
Radiation Assessment Branch
Radiation Studies Division (6603-J)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
(205) 270-3400
798-2476
233-9350
-44-
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Exhibit 2 . EPA Radiation Program Staff (Concluded)
Anthony B. Wolbarst, Chief (202) 233-9392
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
Remedial Guidance Section
Radiation Assessment Branch
Radiation Studies Division (6603-J)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 2C460
-45-
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
ACENAPHTHENE
NOAEL 175 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000083-32-9
MOUSE
90 DAYS LIVER
CRITICAL EFFECT
HEPATOTOXICITY
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD]
Img/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) taa/cu «) fmg/kg/day)
UF
UF
6E-1
300
UF
UF
IRIS
March 1994
REFERENCE
010165
ACENAPTHYLENE 000208-96-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005202
ACEPHATE
LOAEL 2 PPM
ORAL: DIET
030560-19-1
RAT
13 WEEKS BRAIN
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
4E-3
30
IRIS
005833
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
ACETONE
NOEL 100 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000067-64-1
RAT
90 DAYS LIVER
KIDNEY
KIDNEY
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED WEIGHT
NEPHROTOXICITY
1E+0
100
IRIS
005204
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN
NOEL 10.8 MG CN/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000075-86-5
RAT
104 WEEKS WHOLE BODY
THYROID
CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
ALTERED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
7E-2
500
7E-2
500
005776
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-1
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
[RfC] CRfO]
tmg/cu «) (ma/ka/dav)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
Ona/cu •) (ma/kq/dav)
UF UF
REFERENCE
ACETONITRILE
MOAEL 100 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000075-05-8
MOUSE
92 DAYS
ERYTHROCYTES
BLOOD
LIVER
DECREASED CELL COUNT
DECREASED HEMATOCRIT
HEPATIC LESIONS
6E-2
300
IRIS
005210
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5. UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO
CHANGE.
ACETOPHENONE
MOAEL 10,000 PPM
ORAL: DIET
000098-86-2
RAT
17 WEEKS
NONE OBSERVED
1E+0
300
IRIS
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (06/25/92) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005212
010874
ACROLEIN
NOAEL 15.6 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: WATER
000107-02-8
RAT
90 DAYS
2E-2
1000
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
IRIS
010390
010856
ACRYLAMIDE
NOEL 0.2 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
000079-06-1
NERVE
RAT
90 DAYS
DAMAGE
2E-3
100
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
005835
010876
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (09/20/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-2
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CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
REFERENCE
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
ACRYLIC ACID 000079-10-7
NOAEL 83 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 3 MONTHS WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT
WATER ORGANS, MAJOR ALTERED WEIGHT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cj m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
8E-1
100
IRIS
005836
LOAEL 5 PPM MOUSE
INHALATION: 13 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
NASAL MUCOSA
LESIONS
3E-3
100
IRIS
010346
ACRYLONITRILE
NOAEL 1 MG/(ICG-DAY>
ORAL: GAVAGE
000107-13-1
MOUSE
60 DAYS
TESTES
TESTES
DECREASED SPERM COUNTS
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE
DEGENERATION
1E-2
100
1E-3
1000
010939
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC [RfD] UNDER REVIEW BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP WAS MODIFIED TO DERIVE THE SUBCHRONIC [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
ADIPONITRILE
GENERAL COMMENT:
000111-69-3
DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005157
ALACHLOR
NOEL 1 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
015972-60-8
DOG
1 YEAR BLOOD ANEMIA
SITES, MULTIPLE HEMOSIDEROSIS
1E-2
100
IRIS
005837
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-3
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
ALDICARB
NOAEL 0.01 MG/KG-DAY
ORAL
000116-06-3
HUMAN
ACUTE CENTRAL NERVOUS SWEATING
SYSTEM
1E-3
10
IRIS
010960
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: CLINICAL SIGNS OF ACETYL CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION INCLUDING SWEATING, PINPOINT PUPILS, LEG WEAKNESS. NAUSEA, DIARRHEA
AND OTHER EFFECTS WERE OBSERVED IN THE PRINCIPAL AND SUPPORTING STUDIES.
ALDRIN
LOAEL 0.025 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000309-00-2
RAT
2 YEARS LIVER
LESIONS
3E-5
1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD],
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
005159
ALLIDOCHLOR 000093-71-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005838
ALLYL ALCOHOL
NOEL 50 PPM
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
000107-18-6
RAT
15 WEEKS LIVER
KIDNEY
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
5E-2
100
IRIS
005839
ALLYL CHLORIDE
NOAEL 17 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000107-05-1
RABBIT
5 MONTHS NERVOUS SYSTEM NEUROTOXICITY
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
1E-2
300
IRIS
010369
ALUMINUM 007429-90-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005162
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-4
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfO] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
(mg/cu H) (mg/kg/dav) (na/cu «) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE 020859-73-8
NOAEL 0.43 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET
2 YEARS
WHOLE BODY
UNSPECIFIED
ALTERED WEIGHT
ALTERED CLINICAL PARAMETERS
4E-4
100
IRIS
010255
AMETRYN
NOEL 10 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000834-12-8
RAT
13 WEEKS LIVER
EFFECTS
9E-2
100
IRIS
005841
AMINO-2-NAPHTHOL, 1- 002834-92-6
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005842
AMINO-2-NAPHTOL HYDROCHLORIDE, 1 - 001198-27-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005843
AMINOPHENOL, M-
NOAEL 1300 PPM
ORAL: DIET
000591-27-5
RAT
13 WEEKS WHOLE BODY
THYROID
ALTERED WEIGHT
ALTERED WEIGHT
7E-1
100
7E-2
1000
005844
AMINOPHENOL, 0- 000095-55-6
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005845
AMINOPHENOL, P- 000123-30-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005846
AMINOPYRIDINE, 4-
NOAEL 3 PPM
ORAL: DIET
000504-24-5
RAT
90 DAYS
LIVER
BRAIN
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED WEIGHT
2E-4
1000
2E-5
10000
005847
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-5
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic
[RfC] [RfD]
(rng/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/c-j m) (ma/kg/dav)
UF UF
AMMONIA
NOAEL 34 MG/L
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
007664-41-7
HUNAN
SENSORY
TASTE THRESHOLD
34 MG/L
1
34 MG/L
1
005166
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: GIVEN AS CONCENTRATION IN DRINKING WATER. SPECIFICALLY RELATED TO ORGANOLEPTIC THRESHOLD. SAFE CONCENTRATION
MAY BE HIGHER, BUT DATA ARE INADEQUATE TO ASSESS.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: GIVEN AS CONCENTRATION IN DRINKING WATER. SPECIFICALLY RELATED TO ORGANOLEPTIC THRESHOLD. SAFE CONCENTRATION MAY
BE HIGHER, BUT DATA ARE INADEQUATE TO ASSESS.
NOAEL 6.4 MC/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
HUNAN
NASAL CAVITY
LUNGS
LUNGS
RHINITIS
PNEUMONIA
LESIONS
1E-1
30
IRIS
010392
ANILINE
NOAEL 19 NG/CU N
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000062-53-3
MOUSE
20-26 WEEKS
RAT
20-26 WEEKS
GUINEA PIG
20-26 WEEKS
SPLEEN
SPLEEN
PATHOLOGY
PATHOLOGY
SPLEEN PATHOLOGY
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
1E-2
300
IRIS
010370
ANTHRACENE
NOEL 1000 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000120-12-7
MOUSE
90 DAYS
NONE OBSERVED
3E+0
300
IRIS
010166
ANTIMONY PENTOXIDE
LOAEL 0.46 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
001314-60-9
RAT
LIFETIME
WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
INCREASED MORTALITY
ALTERED CHEMISTRIES
5E-4
1000
5E-4
1000
005174
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ANTIMONY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ANTIMONY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-6
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF
REFERENCE
ANTIMONY POTASSIUM TARTRATE
LOAEL 0.91 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
LIFETIME
000304-61-0
WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
INCREASED MORTALITY
ALTERED CHEMISTRIES
9E-4
1000
9E-4
1000
005234
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ANTIMONY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ANTIMONY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
ANTIMONY TETROXIDE
LOAEL 0.44 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
001332-81-6
RAT
LIFETIME
WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
INCREASED MORTALITY
ALTERED CHEMISTRIES
4E-4
1000
4E-4
1000
005238
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ANTIMONY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ANTIMONY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE
LOAEL 0.42 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
001309-64-4
RAT
LIFETIME
WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
INCREASED MORTALITY
ALTERED CHEMISTRIES
4E-4
1000
4E-4
1000
005242
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ANTIMONY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ANTIMONY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
ANTIMONY, METALLIC
LOAEL 0.35 MG SB/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
007440-36-0
RAT
LIFETIME
WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
INCREASED MORTALITY
ALTERED CHEMISTRIES
4E-4
1000
IRIS
005170
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-7
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(ma/cu m) (ma/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (ma/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
ARAMITE
NOAEL 100 PPM
ORAL: DIET
NOAEL 500 PPM
ORAL: DIET
000140-57-8
RAT
104 WEEKS
LIVER
INCREASED WEIGHT
DOG
52 WEEKS
LIVER DEGENERATION
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
5E-2
100
1E-1
100
005850
005849
AROCHLOR1248 012672-29-6
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/20/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010940
ARSENIC, INORGANIC
NOAEL 0.009 MG/L
ORAL
007440-38-2
HUMAN
SKIN
SKIN
KERATOSIS
HYPERPIGMENTATION
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
ATRAZINE
NOEL 3.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
001912-24-9
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
BARIUM
NOAEL 0.21 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: WATER
007440-39-3
HUMAN
10 WEEKS CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
INCREASED BLOOD PRESSURE
3E-4
3
3.5E-2
100
7E-2
3
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
010434
010855
010348
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS — SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-8
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
BARIUM CYANIDE 000542-62-1
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/20/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010941
BENEFIN 001861-40-1
NOAEL 25 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 1 YEAR ERYTHROCYTE DECREASED COUNT
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
3E-1
100
IRIS 005852
BENZAL CHLORIDE 000098-87-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005853
BENZALDEHYDE
NOEL 200 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000100-52-7
RAT
13 WEEKS KIDNEY
FORESTOMACH
EFFECTS
LESIONS
1E+0
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] CPMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS MODIFIED TO DERIVE THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS 005854
BENZALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN 000532-28-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005781
BENZENE 000071-43-2
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
BENZENETHIOL / (THIOPHENOL) 000108-98-5
LOAEL 0.1 MG/CKG-DAY) RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE
90 DAYS
LIVER
CENTRILOBULAR EOSINOPHILIC
CHANGES
1E-4
1000
1E-5
10,000
010942
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] UNDER REVIEW BY THE RfD/RfC WORKGROUP WAS MODIFIED TO DERIVE THE SUBCHRONIC [RfD].
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-9
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronfc Chronic
[RfC] [RfDl [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(ma/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu a) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
BENZIDINE 000092-87-5
LOAEL 2.7 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
ORAL: DRINKING 53 MONTHS BRAIN
WATER LIVER
CELLULAR CHANGES
CELLULAR CHANGES
3E-3
1000
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (03/28/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005830
010877
BENZOIC ACID
NOAEL 312 MG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000065-85-0
HUMAN
NONE OBSERVED
4E+0
1
IRIS
005260
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE HUMAN DAILY PER CAPITA INTAKE WAS USED AS THE CRITICAL DOSE LEVEL. THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE
SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE HUMAN DAILY PER CAPITA INTAKE WAS USED AS THE CRITICAL DOSE LEVEL.
BENZOIB1FLUORANTHENE 000205-99-2
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
BENZYL ALCOHOL
LOAEL 286 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
NOAEL 143 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000100-51-6
RAT
103 WEEKS
RAT
13 WEEKS
FORESTOMACH
WHOLE BODY
EPITHELIAL HYPERPLASIA
DECREASED WEIGHT
1E+0
100
3E-1
1000
005855
005856
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-10
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/day)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF
BERYLLIUM
NOAEL 0.54 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
007440-41-7
RAT
LIFETIME
NONE OBSERVED
5E-3
100
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
BIPHENYL, 1,1'
NOAEL 50 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000092-52-4
RAT
700 DAYS KIDNEY
DAMAGE
5E-2
1000
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (09/20/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK. GROUP.
4E-2
1000
BIS(2-CHLOROISOPROPYL) ETHER 039638-32-9
NOAEL 35.8 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS ERYTHROCYTES DECREASED HEMOGLOBIN
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE / (DEHP) 000117-81-7
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
IRIS
005262
005857
010878
010257
010859
BISPHENOL A
NOAEL 750 PPM
ORAL
000080-05-7
RAT
13 WEEKS
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT
6E-1
100
IRIS
005268
005266
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-11
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
BORON TRIFLUORIDE
NOAEL 6 MG/OJ N
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
007637-07-2
RAT
13 WEEKS KIDNEY
CRITICAL EFFECT
NECROSIS
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (ma/cu a) (mg/kg/day)
UF
7E-3
300
UF
UF
7E-4
3000
UF
010395
BORON, ELEMENTAL
NOAEL 8.8 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
007440-42-8
DOG
2 YEARS TESTIS
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
HUMAN
LOAEL 4.5 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
RESPIRATORY
TRACT
BRONCHUS
IRRITATION
BRONCHITIS
2E-2
100
9E-2
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS SPECIFICALLY FOR ANHYDROUS BORAX.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS SPECIFICALLY FOR ANHYDROUS BORAX.
2E-2
100
IRIS
005272
005269
BROMINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005858
BROMINATED DIBENZOFURANS
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005859
BROMOACETONE 000598-31-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005860
BROMOCHLOROETHANES
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005861
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-12
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE SPECIES
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE
TARGET
000075-27-4
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
LOAEL 17.9 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
MOUSE
102 WEEKS
KIDNEY CYTOMEGALY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
2E-2
1000
IRIS
BROMOETHENE / (VINYL BROMIDE) 000593-60-2
LOAEL 9.7 PPM RAT
INHALATION: 24 MONTHS LIVER
INTERMITTENT LIVER
LIVER
HYPERTROPHY
BASOPHILIC FOCI
EOSINOPHILIC FOCI
3E-3
3000
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
BROMOFORM 000075-25-2
NOEL 17.9 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 13 WEEKS LIVER
2E-1
100
EFFECTS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (02/11/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BROMOMETHANE 000074-83-9
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
IR:S
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
BROMOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER, 4- 000101 -55-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005715
010929
005722
010961
010861
010860
005864
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-13
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
[RfC] CRfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
BROMOPHOS
KOAEL 5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
002104-96-3
RAT
3 BLOOD
GENERATIONS
LIVER
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY.
5E-2
100
5E-3
1000
005865
BROMOXYNIL
NOEL 5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
001689-84-5
RAT
2 YEARS
NONE OBSERVED
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
2E-2
300
IRIS
005866
BROMOXYNIL OCTANOATE
NOEL 7.3 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS
001689-99-2
NONE OBSERVED
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
2E-2
300
IRIS
005867
BUSAN77 031512-74-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005868
BUSAN90 002491-38-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005869
BUTANOL, 1-
NOAEL 125 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000071-36-3
RAT
13 WEEKS
CENTRAL NERVOUS HYPOACTIVITY
SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS ATAXIA
SYSTEM
1EfO
100
IRIS
005870
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEN, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-14
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET CRITICAL EFFECT
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE, N- 000085-68-7
NOAEL 159 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 26 WEEKS LIVER ALTERED WEIGHT
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
2E+0
100
IRIS 005616
BUTYLATE
NOEL 5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
002008-41-5
DOG
12 MONTHS LIVER
INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
5E-2
100
IRIS
005871
BUTYLCHLORIDE, T- 000507-20-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005810
BUTYROLACTONE, GAMMA- 000096-48-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005872
CACODYLIC ACID
NOEL 9.2 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000075-60-5
RAT
90 DAYS
NONE OBSERVED
3E-2
300
3E-3
3000
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ARSENIC BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO ARSENIC BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
005873
CADMIUM 007440-43-9
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
005280
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-15
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
[RfC]
Subchronic
[RfD]
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
REFERENCE
(mq/cu in) (mq/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF
UF
UF
UF
CALCIUM CYANIDE
NOAEL 19.1 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000592-01-8
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
THYROID
NERVE
DECREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
NYELIN DEGENERATION
4E-2
500
IRIS
010258
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT. THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD
WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CAPROLACTAM
NOAEL 50 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000105-60-2
RAT
90 DAYS
KIDNEY
EFFECTS
5E-1
100
IRIS
005284
005282
CAPTAFOL
LOAEL 2 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
002425-06-1
DOG
12 MONTHS KIDNEY
BLADDER
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CAPTAN
NOEL 12.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000133-06-2
RAT
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT
2E-3
1000
1.3E-1
100
IRIS
005874
IRIS
005875
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (05/27/92) BY THE RfO/RfC WORK GROUP.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A MULTI-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-16
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CARBARYL
NOAEL 9.6 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000063-25-2
RAT
2 YEARS KIDNEY
LIVER
CRITICAL EFFECT
TOXICITY
TOXICITY
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
1E-1
100
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (08/15/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005876
010882
CARBOFURAN
NOEL 0.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
001563-66-2
DOG
1 YEAR
BLOOD
TESTIS
UTERUS
CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
5E-3
100
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
005877
CARBON DISULFIDE
NOEL 11 MG/KG/DAY
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000075-15-0
RABBIT
FETUS
TOXICITY
1E-1
100
IRIS
010259
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS DETERMINED FROM A TERATOLOGY STUDY WITH EXPOSURES BEFORE AND DURING THE ENTIRE GESTATION
PERIOD.
NOAEL 10 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
RAT
GESTATION FETUS
1E-2
1000
TOXICITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
1E-2
1000
010430
CARBON MONOXIDE 000630-05-0
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS. 010493
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-17
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Hatch 1994
Subchronic Chronic
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES [RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET CRITICAL EFFECT (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE 000056-23-5
IRIS 010862
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: <513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CHLORAL 000075-87-6
LOAEL 15.7 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
ORAL: DRINKING 90 DAYS LIVER EFFECTS 2E-2 IRIS 005290
WATER 1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHLORDANE 000057-74-9
NOEL 0.055 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 130 WEEKS LIVER HYPERTROPHY 6E-5 IRIS 005296
1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CHLORINE CYANIDE 000506-77-4
NOAEL 25.3 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT 5E-2 IRIS 010261
THYROID EFFECTS 500
NERVE MYELIN DEGENERATION
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 1-18
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(tng/cu in) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav)
UF UF
REFERENCE
CHLORO-1,3-BUTADIENE. 2- /(CHLOROPRENE) 000126-99-8
NOAEL 32 PPM RAT
INHALATION 90 DAYS OLFACTORY DEGENERATION
EPITHELIUM
7E-2
30
7E-3
300
010515
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) 010491
CHLORO-M-CRESOL, P- 000059-50-7
NOAEL 200 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 28 DAYS WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
2E+0
100
005366
CHLOROACETALDEHYDE 000107-20-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005342
CHLOROACETIC ACID
LOAEL 30 MG/KG
ORAL: GAVAGE
000079-11-8
RAT
13 WEEKS HEART
MYOCARDITIS
2E-2
1000
2E-3
10000
005346
CHLOROANILINE, 2- 000095-51-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005347
CHLOROANILINE, 3- 000108-42-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005348
CHLOROANILINE, 4-
LOAEL 12.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000106-47-8
RAT
78 WEEKS
SPLEEN
PROLIFERATE LESIONS
4E-3
3000
IRIS 005349
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-19
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
(mg/cu in) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu w) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
CHLOROBENZENE
000108-90-7
IRIS
010863
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
CHRONIC [RfCl COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CHLOROBENZILATE
NOEL 5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000510-15-6
RABBIT
13 DAYS
GASTRO- DECREASED STOOL QUANTITY
INTESTINAL SYSTEM
WHOLE BODY DECREASED FOOD CONSUMPTION
WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
NERVOUS SYSTEM HYPERIRRITABILITY
2E-2
300
IRIS
010260
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD]. BASED ON A TERATOLOGY STUDY WITH
EXPOSURES DURING DAYS 7-19 OF GESTATION.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A TERATOLOGY STUDY WITH EXPOSURES DURING DAYS 7-19 OF GESTATION.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (02/11/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010931
CHLOROBENZOIC ACID, P- 000074-11-3
NOAEL 26 MG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 5 MONTHS
NONE OBSERVED
2E+0
100
2E-1
1000
005360
CHLOROBENZOTRIFLUORIDE, 4- 000098-56-6
NOAEL 15 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE KIDNEY
TUBULAR DEGENERATION
2E-1
100
2E-2
1000
005364
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A 2-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY WITH EXPOSURES 4 WEEKS PRIOR TO MATING, DURING GESTATION, AND FOR
90 DAYS POST-WEANING.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A 2-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY WITH EXPOSURES 4 WEEKS PRIOR TO MATING, DURING GESTATION, AND FOR 90
DAYS POST-WEANING.
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-20
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mq/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu •) (ma/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
CHLOROBUTANE, 1-
NOAEL 43 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000109-69-3
RAT
103 WEEKS UHOLE BODY INCREASED MORTALITY
CENTRAL NERVOUS EFFECTS
SYSTEM
BLOOD HEMATOLOGIC EFFECTS
4E-1
100
005808
NOAEL 86 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
RAT
13 WEEKS
WHOLE BODY
CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
SPLEEN
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
EFFECTS
HEMATOPOIESIS
9E-1
100
005806
CHLOROBUTANE, 2- 000078-86-4
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005809
CHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 041851-50-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005297
CHLOROFORM
LOAEL 12.9 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
000067-66-3
DOG
7.5 YEARS LIVER
LESIONS
1E-2
1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
IRIS
005372
CHLOROMETHANE / (METHYL CHLORIDE) 000074-87-3
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
010005
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-21
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
CHLORONITROBENZENE, M- 000121-73-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfCi [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
005879
CHLOROPHENOL, 2-
NOAEL 50 PPM RAT
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
000095-57-8
REPRODUCTION
REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS
5E-2
100
IRIS
010436
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A REPRODUCTIVE STUDY WITH EXPOSURE 10 WEEKS PRIOR TO AND DURING MATING, GESTATION AND WEANING.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A REPRODUCTIVE STUDY WITH EXPOSURE 10 WEEKS PRIOR TO AND DURING MATING, GESTATION AND WEANING.
CHLOROPHENOL, 3- 000108-43-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005309
CHLOROPHENOL, 4- 000106-48-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005310
CHLOROPROPANE, 2-
NOAEL 91.4 MG/KG/DAY
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000075-29-6
RAT
4 WEEKS LIVER
EFFECTS
1E+0
100
1E-1
1000
010444
CHLOROTOLUENE, M- 000108-41-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005880
CHLOROTOLUENE, 0-
NOAEL 20 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000095-49-8
RAT
103 DAYS
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
2E-1
100
IRIS
010167
CHLOROTOLUENE,?- 000106-43-4
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
010200
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-22
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE SPECIES
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) tma/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
CHLORPYRIFOS
NOEL 0.03 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
002921-88-2
HUMAN
20 DAYS OR BLOOD
9 DAYS
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
3E-3
10
IRIS
005881
CHLORPYRIFOS METHYL 005598-13-0
NOAEL 1 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 3 REPRODUCTION
GENERATIONS
RAT
2 YEARS LIVER
DECREASED FERTILITY
EFFECTS
1E-2
100
1E-2
100
005882
CHLOROTHALONIL
NOEL
1.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
DOG
2 YEARS
001897-45-6
KIDNEY
EFFECTS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CHLORTHIOPHOS
NOAEL 0.08 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
060238-56-4
RAT
2 YEARS
NONE OBSERVED
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHROMIUM(III)
NOEL 5 X (CR203)
ORAL: DIET
016065-83-1
RAT
840 DAYS
NONE OBSERVED
1.5E-2
100
8E-4
100
1E+0
1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: INHALATION ISSUES ARE UNDER REVIEW BY THE RFD/RFC WORK GROUP.
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
IRIS 005883
8E-4
100
IRIS
005884
005731
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-23
-------
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
REFERENCE
TARGET
CHROMIUM(VI) 018540-29-9
NOAEL 2.4 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 1 YEAR
WATER
CRITICAL EFFECT
NONE OBSERVED
Subchronic Chronic
[RfCJ [RfDJ CRfCJ [RfO]
(ma/cu «) (mg/kg/dav) (na/cu •) (aa/kg/day)
UF
UF
2E-2
100
UF
CHRONIC DtfC] COMMENT: INHALATION ISSUES ARE UNDER REVIEW BY THE RFD/RFC WORK GROUP.
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
UF
IRIS
005522
CHRYSENE 000218-01-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
005885
COPPER
LOAEL 5.3 MG
ORAL
007440-50-8
HUMAN
SINGLE DOSE GASTRO- IRRITATION
INTESTINAL SYSTEM
1.3 MG/L
1.3 MG/L 005374
SUBCHRONIC IRfD] COMMENT: CURRENT DRINKING WATER STANDARD OF 1.3 MG/L. DWCD (1987) CONCLUDED TOXICITY DATA WERE INADEQUATE FOR
CALCULATION OF AN RfD FOR COPPER.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CURRENT DRINKING WATER STANDARD OF 1.3 MG/L. DWCD (1987) CONCLUDED TOXICITY DATA WERE INADEQUATE FOR CALCULATION
OF AN RfD FOR COPPER.
COPPER CYANIDE
NOAEL 5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000544-92-3
RAT
90 DAYS
LIVER
KIDNEY
WHOLE BODY
ORGANS
HISTOPATHOLOGY
HISTOPATHOLOGY
DECREASED WEIGHT
DECREASED WEIGHT
5E-2
100
IRIS
010262
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-24
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
CRESOL, M- / (3-METHYLPHENOL) 000108-39-4
NOAEL 50 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 90 DAYS WHOLE BODY
NERVOUS SYSTEM
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
NEUROTOXICITY
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
5E-1
100
IRIS
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/11/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005380
010888
CRESOL, 0- / (2-METHYLPHENOL) 000095-48-7
NOAEL 50 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 90 DAYS WHOLE BODY
NERVOUS SYSTEM
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
NEUROTOXICITY
5E-1
100
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/11/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005384
010889
CRESOL, P- / (4-METHYLPHENOL) 000106-44-5
NOAEL 5 MG/(KG-DAY) RABBIT
ORAL: GAVAGE GESTATION CENTRAL NERVOUS HYPOACTIVITY
DAYS 6-18 SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
SYSTEM
WHOLE BODY MATERNAL DEATH
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
5E-3
1000
5E-3
1000
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/11/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010516
010890
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-25
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subch ron i c Ch ron i c
[RfC] [RfD] CRfC] [RfDl REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu a) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
CUMENE
NOAEL 154 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000098-82-8
RAT
194 DAYS KIDNEY
INCREASED WEIGHT
4E-1
300
IRIS
005392
NOAEL 105.1 PPM RAT
INHALATION: 4 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
NOSE
INVOLVEMENT
IRRITATION
9E-2
1000
9E-3
10000
005908
CYANAZINE
NOEL 0.625 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
021725-46-2
DOG
1 YEAR
WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
BLOOD
DECREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED PLATELET COUNT
ALTERED CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PARAMETERS
2E-3
300
2E-3
300
010411
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (07/01/92). UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CYANIDE
NOAEL 10.8 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000057-12-5
RAT
104 WEEKS WHOLE BODY
THYROID
NERVE
DECREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
MYELIN DEGENERATION
2E-2
500
IRIS
005396
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: THE CASRN FOR CN- IS 000057-12-5; THE CASRN FOR HCN IS 000074-90-8.
CYANOGEN
NOAEL 21.6 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000460-19-5
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
THYROID
NERVE
DECREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
MYELIN DEGENERATION
4E-2
500
IRIS
010263
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT. THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD
WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-26
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CYANOGEN BROMIDE
NOAEL 44 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000506-68-3
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
THYROID
NERVE
CRITICAL EFFECT
DECREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
MYELIN DEGENERATION
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu in) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF (if
9E-2
500
IRIS
010264
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT. THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD
WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CYCLO ATE 001134-23-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005886
CYCLOHEXANOL 000108-93-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005887
CYCLOHEXYLAMINE
NOAEL 30 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000108-91-8
RAT
90 DAYS WHOLE BODY
TESTIS
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
DECREASED WEIGHT
3E-1
100
IRIS
005400
005398
CYCLOPENTADIENE 000542-92-7
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
010494
DACTHAL
NOEL 50 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
001861-32-1
RAT
2 YEARS KIDNEY
ADRENAL
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT
5E-1
100
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
005888
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-27
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
DALAPON
NOEL 8.45 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000075-99-0
RAT
2 YEARS KIDNEY
CRITICAL EFFECT
INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
3E-2
300
IRIS
005889
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO DALAPON SODIUM BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT. THE CHRONIC ORAL
RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
DDT 000050-29-3
NOEL 0.05 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET
27 WEEKS
LIVER
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER 001163-19-5
NOEL 1 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS LIVER
INCREASED WEIGHT
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
5E-4
100
1E-2
100
IRIS
IRIS
005408
005891
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE
LOAEL 175 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000117-84-0
RAT
7-12 MONTHS KIDNEY
LIVER
LIVER
LIVER
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED SCOT ACTIVITY
INCREASED SGPT ACTIVITY
2E-2
1000
2E-2
1000
010275
DIAZINON
NOAEL 0.09 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000333-41-5
RAT
35-42 DAYS BLOOD
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
9E-4
100
9E-4 005892
100
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-28
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfO] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (tng/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
DIBENZOFURAN 000132-64-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005409
DIBROMOBENZENE, 1,4-
NOAEL 10 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000106-37-6
RAT
45 OR 90 LIVER
DAYS LIVER
INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT
ALTERED ENZYME ACTIVITIES
1E-1
100
IRIS
005893
DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE 000124-48-1
NOEL 21.4 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 13 WEEKS LIVER
LESIONS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
DIBROMOETHANE, 1,2-
LOAEL 88 PPB
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000106-93-4
HUMAN
SPERM
EFFECTS
2E-1
100
IRIS
8E-4
300
2E-4
1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] WAS MODIFIED TO ESTIMATE THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
NOAEL 125 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000084-74-2
RAT
52 WEEKS
WHOLE BODY
INCREASED MORTALITY
1E+0
100
IRIS
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/26/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005894
010854
005622
010892
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-29
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
Subchronic Chronic
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES [RfC] [RfO] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET CRITICAL EFFECT (ma/cu m) (ma/kg/day) (mg/cu •) (ma/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
DICAMBA 001918-00-9
NOAEL 3 MG/KG/DAY RABBIT
ORAL: GAVAGE GESTATION FETUS DECREASED WEIGHT 3E-2 IRIS 010945
DAYS 6-18 FETUS INCREASED POST-IMPLANTATION 100
LOSSES
FETUS INCREASED MORTALITY
DAM DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD VMS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2- 000095-50-1
IRIS 010864
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,3- 000541-73-1
005414
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (06/23/92) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,4- 000106-46-7
NOAEL 75 MG/CU M RAT
INHALATION: MULTI-GENERA LIVER INCREASED WEIGHT IN MALE 2.5E+0 IRIS 010840
INTERMITTENT TION PARENTS 30
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS MODIFIED TO DERIVE THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
DICHLOROBUTENES
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT. 005415
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 1-30
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE
TARGET
000075-71-8
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(tng/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
NOAEL 90 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
DOG
90 DAYS
IRIS
NONE OBSERVED
9E-1
100
005498
005496
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,1-
NOEL 115 MG/KG/DAY
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000075-34-3
RAT
13 WEEKS
NONE OBSERVED
1E+0
100
1E-1
1000
005790
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHSR THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,2- 000107-06-2
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,1- 000075-35-4
LOAEL 9 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 2 YEARS LIVER
WATER
LESIONS
9E-3
1000
IRIS
005419
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD],
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-31
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINQGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2- (MIXED ISOMERS) 000540-59-0
LOAEL 50 PPM RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 2 YEARS LIVER LESIONS
WATER
9E-3
1000
9E-3 010S09
1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfDJ COMMENT: VALUES DERIVED FOR 1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE WERE ADOPTED FOR 1,2- DICHLOROETHYLENE MIXED ISOMERS BASED ON ANALOGY.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: VALUES DERIVED FOR 1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE (000075-35-4) WERE ADOPTED FOR 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE MIXED ISOMERS BASED
ON ANALOGY.
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2-C- 000156-59-2
NOAEL 32 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 90 DAYS BLOOD
BLOOD
DECREASED HEMATOCRIT
DECREASED HEMOGLOBIN
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
1E-1
300
1E-2
3000
005420
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2-T- 000156-60-5
NOAEL 17 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
ORAL: DRINKING 90 DAYS BLOOD
WATER
INCREASED ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
2E-1
100
IRIS
005895
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3- 000576-24-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005315
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4- 000120-83-2
NOEL 3 PPM RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 2 IMMUNE SYSTEM
WATER GENERATIONS
ALTERED IMMUNE FUNCTION
3E-3
100
IRIS
005314
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A 2-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY WITH EXPOSURES BEFORE AND DURING GESTATION, PARTURITION, AND WEANING
OF PUPS.
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,5- 000583-78-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005316
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-32
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,6- 000087-65-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfCJ [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF
UF
UF
UF
005317
DICHLOROPHENOL, 3,4- 000095-77-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005318
DICHLOROPHENOL, 3,5- 000591-35-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005319
DICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID, 2,4- 000094-75-7
NOAEL 1 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 91 DAYS BLOOD TOXICITY
LIVER TOXICITY
KIDNEY TOXICITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
1E-2
100
IRIS
010265
DICHLOROPHENOXY) BUTYRIC ACID, 4-{2,4- / (2,4-DB) 000094-82-6
NOAEL 8 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 90 DAYS CARDIOVASCULAR HEMORRHAGE
SYSTEM
WHOLE BODY INCREASED MORTALITY
8E-2
100
IRIS
005890
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,1- 000078-99-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005897
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2- 000078-87-5
NOAEL 69.3 MG/CU MRAT
INHALATION: 13 WEEKS NASAL MUCOSA HYPERPLASIA
INTERMITTENT
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
1.3E-2
100
IRIS
005898
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-33
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC! [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (tng/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,3- 000142-28-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005899
DICHLOROPROPANE, 2,2- 000594-20-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005900
DICHLOROPROPENE, 1,3- / (TELONE II)
NOEL 3 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 90 DAYS ORGANS
000542-75-6
INCREASED WEIGHT
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
NOAEL 5 PPM MOUSE
INHALATION: 2 YEARS NASAL MUCOSA HYPERTROPHY
INTERMITTENT NASAL MUCOSA HYPERPLASIA
3E-3
1000
2E-2
30
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
IRIS
IRIS
005901
010351
DICHLORPROP 000120-36-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005896
DICYCLOPENTADIENE
NOEL 32 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000077-73-6
RAT
3
GENERATIONS
NONE OBSERVED
3E-1
100
3E-2
1000
005425
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A 3-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A 3-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-34
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC3 [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu IB) (mg/kg/day)
UF
UF
UF
UF
DIELDRIN 000060-57-1
NOAEL 0.005 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS LIVER
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
5E-5
100
IRIS
005429
DIETHYL PHTHALATE
NOAEL 750 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000084-66-2
RAT
16 WEEKS WHOLE BODY
ORGANS
DECREASED GROWTH
DECREASED WEIGHT
8E+0
100
IRIS
005620
DIETHYL-P-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHATE 000311 -45-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005922
DIETHYLANILINE, N,N- 000091-66-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005903
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 000112-34-5
NOAEL 18 PPM RAT
NONE OBSERVED
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW.
2E-1
100
2E-2
1000
005482
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER 000111 -90-0
NOEL 200 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
KIDNEY
HISTOPATHOLOGY
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A 3-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY.
NOEL 500 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
RAT
90 DAYS
KIDNEY
TESTIS
IMPAIRED FUNCTION
INCREASED WEIGHT
5E+0
100
2E+0
100
005478
005476
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-35
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
DIETHYLFORMAMIDE 000617-84-5
NOEL 0.546 MG/OAY, 5 DAYS/WEEK RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 73 WEEKS
CRITICAL EFFECT
NONE OBSERVED
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/ka/dav)
UF UF
1.1E-2
100
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (na/kg/dav)
UF UF
1.1E-2
100
010437
DIETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 001615-80-1
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
005921
DIMETHOATE
NOEL 0.05 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000060-51-5
RAT
2 YEARS BRAIN
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
2E-4
300
IRIS 005923
DIMETHYLANILINE, N,N-
LOAEL 22.32 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000121-69-7
MOUSE
13 WEEKS SPLEEN
EFFECTS
2E-2
1000
IRIS 005924
DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE, N,N- 000068-12-2
NOAEL 96 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 119 DAYS LIVER
EFFECTS
1E+0
100
1E-1
1000
005925
LOAEL 22 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
HUMAN
LIVER EFFECTS
CASTRO EFFECTS
INTESTINAL SYSTEM
3E-2
300
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RFC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RFC].
IRI*
010352
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,3- 000526-75-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005926
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-36
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE SPECIES
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu HI) (mg/kg/dav) (ma/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,4-
NOAEL 50 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000105-67-9
HOUSE
90 DAYS
NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS
BLOOD ALTERATIONS
2E-1
300
IRIS
010266
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,5- 000095-87-4
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005928
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,6-
NOEL 0.6 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
000576-26-1
RAT
8 MONTHS WHOLE BODY
ORGANS, MAJOR
INCREASED WEIGHT
LESIONS
6E-3
100
IRIS
005431
DIMETHYLPHENOL. 3,4-
NOEL 1.4 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
000095-65-8
RAT
8 MONTHS WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT
ORGANS, MAJOR LESIONS
CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERED BLOOD PRESSURE
SYSTEM
1E-2
100
IRIS
005437
DIMETHYLPHTHALATE 000131-11-3
NOEL 1000 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS KIDNEY
EFFECTS
1E+1
100
1E+1
100
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/26/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010267
010894
DIMETHYLTEREPHTHALATE 000120-61-6
LOAEL 125 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET
103 WEEKS
KIDNEY
INFLAMMATION
1E-1
1000
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
005930
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-37
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
DIMETHYLUREA, N,N- 000598-94-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu a) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
March 1994
REFERENCE
005931
DINITRO-O-CRESOL, 4,6- 000534-52-1
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (02/11/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010470
DINITRO-P-CRESOL, 2,6- 000609-93-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005934
DINITROBENZENE, 1,2-
NOAEL 0.4 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
000528-29-0
RAT
16 WEEKS SPLEEN
INCREASED WEIGHT
SUBCHRONIC [RfOl COMMENT: DERIVED BY ANALOGY TO 1,3-DINITROBENZENE.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: DERIVED BY ANALOGY TO 1,3-DINITROBENZENE.
4E-3
100
4E-4
1000
010201
DINITROBENZENE, 1,3-
NOAEL 0.4 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
000099-65-0
RAT
SPLEEN
INCREASED WEIGHT
1E-3
100
IRIS
010471
DINITROBENZENE, 1,4-
NOAEL 0.4 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
000100-25-4
RAT
16 WEEKS SPLEEN
INCREASED WEIGHT
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: DERIVED BY ANALOGY TO 1,3-DINITROBENZENE.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: DERIVED BY ANALOGY TO 1,3-DINITROBENZENE.
4E-3
100
4E-4
1000
010202
DINITROPHENOL, 2,3- 000066-56-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005936
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (5132 569-7254.
1-38
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu ro) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
DINITROPHENOL, 2,4- 000051-28-5
HUMAN
EVE
LOAEL 2 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
CATARACT
2E-3
1000
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (06/13/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010438
010895
DINITROPHENOL, 2,5- 000329-71-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005937
DINITROPHENOL, 2,6- 000573-56-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005938
DINITROPHENOL, 3,5- 000586-11 -8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005939
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,3- 000602-01-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005940
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,4-
NOAEL 0.2 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GELATIN
CAPSULE
000121-14-2
DOG
UP TO 2
YEARS
CENTRAL NERVOUS NEUROTOXICITY
SYSTEM
ERYTHROCYTES HEINZ BODIES
BILIARY TRACT HYPERPLASIA
2E-3
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/20/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005941
010896
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,5- 000619-15-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005942
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-39
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/davl (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,6-
NOAEL 4 MG/KG/DAV
ORAL: DIET
000606-20-2
DOG
13 WEEKS
WHOLE BODY MORTALITY
CENTRAL NERVOUS MEUROTOXICITY
SYSTEM
BLOOD HEINZ BODIES
BLOOD METHEMOGLOBINEMIA
BILE DUCT HYPERPLASIA
KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGY
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
1E-2
300
1E-3
3000
005943
DINITROTOLUENE, 3,4- 000610-39-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005944
DINOSEB
LOAEL 1 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000088-85-7
RAT
29 WEEKS FETUS
DECREASED WEIGHT
1E-3
1000
IRIS
005945
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RFD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RFD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RFD WAS DETERMINED FROM A 3-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY.
DIPHENYLAMINE, N,N-
NOEL 2.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000122-39-4
DOG
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
LIVER
KIDNEY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED WEIGHT
2.5E-2
100
IRIS
005946
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
DIRECT LIGHTFAST BLUE 004399-55-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005947
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-40
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE SPECIES
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
DISULFOTON
LOAEL 0.04 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000298-04-4
RAT
2 YEARS
EYE
BLOOD
CRITICAL EFFECT
DEGENERATION
CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu M) (mq/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
4E-5
1000
IRIS
010412
ENDOSULFAN
NOAEL 15 PPM
ORAL: DIET
000115-29-7
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
KIDNEY
BLOOD VESSEL
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
GLOMERULONEPHROSIS
ANEURYSMS
6E-3
100
6E-3
100
010926
NOAEL 10 PPM
ORAL: DIET
DOG
1 YEAR
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
010938
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHORNIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS <12/01/92). UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE. BASED ON CO-CRITICAL RAT AND DOG
STUDIES.
ENDOTHALL
NOEL 2 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000145-73-3
DOG
2 YEARS STOMACH INCREASED WEIGHT
SMALL INTESTINE INCREASED WEIGHT
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
ENDRIN 000072-20-8
NOEL 0.025 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS CENTRAL NERVOUS CONVULSIONS
SYSTEM
LIVER LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
2E-2
100
3E-4
100
IRIS
005948
IRIS
005445
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-41
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEM1C
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) tmq/ka/day)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/ci! m) (ing/kg/day)
UF UF
REFERENCE
EPICHLOROHYDRIN
LOAEL 37.8 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000106-89-8
RAT
136 WEEKS KIDNEY
LESIONS
2E-3
1000
2E-3
1000
010440
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE-TO-ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (04/01/92).
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
NOAEL 19 MG/CU M RAT
INHALATION: 90 DAYS NASAL
INTERMITTENT EPITHELIUM
LESIONS
1E-2
100
IRIS
010492
EPTC
NOEL 2.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000759-94-4
RAT
2
GENERATIONS
HEART
DEGENERATIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
2.5E-2
100
IRIS 005959
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RFD WAS DETERMINED FROM A 2-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY.
ETHOPROP
GENERAL COMMENT:
013194-48-4
DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005951
ETHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2- 000111-15-9
010507
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
ETHOXYETHANOL ACRYLATE, 2- 000106-74-1
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005953
ETHOXYETHANOL DODECANOATE, 2- 000106-13-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005956
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-42
-------
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
REFERENCE
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/co m) (mg/kg/day)
UF
UF
ETHOXYETHANOL PHOSPHATE, 2- 068554-00-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
ETHOXYETHANOL, 2-
LOAEL 357 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
NOEL 50 UL/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000110-80-5
RAT
103 WEEKS
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT
RAT
21 DAYS
FETUS SKELETAL MALFORMATIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY WITH EXPOSURES DURING DAYS 1-21 OF GESTATION.
5E-1
100
NOAEL 380 MG/CU M RABBIT
INHALATION: 13 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
BLOOD
ALTERED HEMATOLOGY
2E+0
30
ETHOXYETHYL METHACRYLATE, 2- 002370-63-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
ETHYL ACETATE
NOEL 900 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
ETHYL BENZENE
000141-78-6
RAT
90 DAYS WHOLE BODY
WHOLE BODY
000100-41-4
INCREASED MORTALITY
DECREASED WEIGHT
9E+0
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
UF
IRIS
IRIS
UF
4E-1
1000
IRIS
005955
005470
005468
010441
005954
IRIS 005957
010867
010866
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-43
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
ETHYL CHLORIDE
NOAEL 1504 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000075-00-3
MOUSE
10 DAYS
FETUS
CRITICAL EFFECT
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (nig/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
1E+1
300
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: BASED ON A DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY WITH EXPOSURES DURING DAYS 6-15 OF GESTATION.
IRIS
010371
ETHYL ETHER
NOAEL 500 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000060-29-7
RAT
90 DAYS
LIVER
EFFECTS
2E+0
300
IRIS
010396
ETHYL METHACRYLATE 000097-63-2
NOEL 7.5 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 2 YEARS KIDNEY INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT 9E-2 9E-2 005961
WATER 100 100
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED FROM METHYL METHACRYLATE DATA BY MULTIPLYING BY THE RATIO OF THE MOLECULAR WEIGHTS (114.5/100.13).
ETHYL-0-XYLENE, 4- 000934-80-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
010472
ETHYLANILINE, N- 000103-69-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005958
ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN
NOEL 30 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
90 DAYS
000109-78-4
HEART
BRAIN
DECREASED WEIGHT
DECREASED WEIGHT
3E-1
100
3E-1
100
005780
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-44
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
ETHYLENE DIAMINE
NOAEL 22.6 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000107-15-3
RAT
3 MONTHS
HEART
BLOOD
CRITICAL EFFECT
DECREASED HEIGHT
HEMATOLOGIC CHANGES
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
2E-1
100
2E-2
1000
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/18/90) BY THE RfO/RfC WORK GROUP.
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
NOEL 200 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000107-21-1
RAT
IRIS
FETUS FETOTOXICITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY WITH EXPOSURES DURING DAYS 6-15 OF GESTATION.
2E+0
100
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 000111 -76-2
NOAEL 121 MG/CU M RAT
INHALATION: 13 WEEKS BLOOD ALTERED HEMATOLOGY
INTERMITTENT
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
000096-45-7
2E-1
100
2E-2
1000
ETHYLENE THIOUREA
LOAEL 0.25 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 24 MONTHS
THYROID
HYPERPLASIA
8E-5
3000
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfO].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (08/12/92) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ETHYLTOLUENE, M- 000620-14-4
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005796
010898
005454
005452
010353
010397
010899
005963
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-45
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
CRfC] tRfD]
(mg/cu m) (ing/kg/day)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfCl [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu HI) (ma/kg/day)
UF UF
ETHYLTOLUENE, 0- 000611 -14-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005962
ETHYLTOLUENE, P- 000622-96-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005964
FLUORANTHENE
NOAEL 125 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000206-44-0
MOUSE
90 DAYS KIDNEY
LIVER
BLOOD
NEPHROPATHY
WEIGHT CHANGES
HEHATOLOGICAL CHANGES
4E-1
300
IRIS 010168
FLUORENE
NOAEL 125 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000086-73-7
MOUSE
13 WEEKS
ERYTHROCYTES
DECREASED COUNTS
4E-1
300
IRIS 010169
FLUORINE / (SOLUBLE FLUORIDE)
NOAEL 0.06 MG/KG/DAY HUMAN
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
007782-41-4
TOOTH
FLUOROSIS
6E-2
1
IRIS 005965
FLURIDONE
NOEL 200 PPM
ORAL: DIET
059756-60-4
RAT
2 YEARS KIDNEY
TESTIS
WHOLE BODY
ORGANS
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
ATROPHY
DECREASED WEIGHT
DECREASED WEIGHT
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
8E-2
100
IRIS
005966
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-46
-------
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
REFERENCE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
FOLPET 000133-07-3
NOEL 10 MG/KG/0AY DOG
ORAL: CAPSULE 1 YEAR WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
CRITICAL EFFECT
ALTERED WEIGHT GAIN
ALTERED CHEMISTRY
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfCJ [RfD]
(mg/cu B) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m> (mg/kg/dav)
UF
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
FORMALDEHYDE
NOAEL 15 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: WATER
000050-00-0
RAT
2 YEARS
CASTRO- LESIONS
INTESTINAL TRACT
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
UF
1E-1
100
UF
2E-1
100
UF
IRIS
IRIS
005967
010398
FORMALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN 000107-16-4
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005782
FORMIC ACID
NOAEL 200 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: WATER
000064-18-6
RAT
MULTI- WHOLE BODY
GENERATION
DECREASED GROWTH
2E+0
100
2E+0
100
010268
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A MULTI-GENERATION STUDY. WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (12/01/90). UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO
CHANGE.
FURAN
NOAEL 1.4 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000110-00-9
MOUSE
13 WEEKS LIVER
LESIONS
1E-2
100
IRIS
005462
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-47
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
pose
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic Chronic
(RfCl [RfDl [RfC! [RfDl REFERENCE
(mg/cu M) (mg/kg/dav) (na/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
FURFURAL
LOAEL 7.9 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000098-01-1
RAT
13 WEEKS LIVER
HEPATOTOXICITY
3E-2
300
IRIS
005466
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE NEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
GLYCIDALDEHYDE
NOAEL 29 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000765-34-4
RAT
12 WEEKS WHOLE BODY
KIDNEY
DECREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
1E-2
300
4E-3
300
1E-3
3000
IRIS
005968
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
HEPTACHLOR
NOEL 0.15 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000076-44-8
RAT
2 YEARS LIVER
INCREASED WEIGHT
5E-4
300
IRIS
005506
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE
LOAEL 0.0125 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
001024-57-3
DOG
60 WEEKS
LIVER
INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT
1.3E-5
1000
IRIS
010399
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
HEPTANE, N- 000142-82-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005969
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-48
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
HEXABROMOBENZENE
NOAEL 2 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000087-82-1
RAT
12 WEEKS LIVER
CRITICAL EFFECT
INDUCED CARBOXYLESTERASE
ACTIVITY
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
(mg/cu ml (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/davl
UF UF UF UF
2E-2
100
IRIS
005970
HEXACHLOROBENZENE
000118-74-1
IRIS
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (11/15/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
010868
010900
HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE 000087-68-3
LOAEL 0.5 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
ORAL: DIET 13 WEEKS RENAL TUBULES
REGENERATION
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (05/01/93). UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUNO HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
2E-4
1000
010927
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, DELTA- 000319-86-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
010495
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, EPSILON- 006108-10-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
010496
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-49
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL POSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu HI) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu *) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
March 1994
REFERENCE
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, GAMMA- 000058-89-9
NOAEL 0.33 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 12 WEEKS LIVER TOXICITY
KIDNEY TOXICITY
3E-3
100
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (05/27/92) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005537
010903
HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
NOAEL 7.1 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL 13 WEEKS
000077-47-4
FORESTOMACH LESIONS
7E-2
100
IRIS
005299
NOAEL 0.15 PPM RAT
INHALATION: 13 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
NASAL CAVITY
SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA
7E-4
100
7E-5
1000
010445
HEXACHLOROETHANE
NOAEL 1 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000067-72-1
RAT
16 WEEKS KIDNEY
DEGENERATION
1E-2
100
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (11/05/92). BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005518
010904
HEXACHLOROPHENE
LOAEL 0.75 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000070-30-4
DOG
13 WEEKS
NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS
3E-3
300
IRIS
005972
HEXAMETHYLENE DIAMINE 000124-09-4
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005973
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513} 569-7254.
1-50
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
Ptarch 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
HEXANE, N-
LOAEL 570 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
000110-54-3
RAT
NERVOUS SYSTEM NEUROPATHY
TESTIS ATROPHY
Subchronic Chronic
CRfC] [RfO] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu M) (ma/kg/dav) (ma/cu ») (mg/kg/dav)
UF
UF
6E-1
1000
UF
UF
6E-2
10000
005974
LOAEL 73 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
HUMAN
NERVOUS SYSTEM NEUROTOXICITY
2E-1
300
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
IRIS
010273
HEXANONE, 2- 000591-78-6
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005976
HYDROGEN SULFIDE
NOAEL 3.1 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: FOOD
007783-06-4
PIG
105 DAYS GASTRO- DISTURBANCE
INTESTINAL SYSTEM
3E-2
100
IRIS
010269
NOAEL 42 MG/CU M MOUSE
INHALATION: 13 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
NASAL MUCOSA
INFLAMMATION
9E-3
100
IRIS
010354
HYDROQUINONE
NOAEL 4.29 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
000123-31-9
HUMAN
3-5 MONTHS BLOOD
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
4E-1
10
IRIS
4E-2
100
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (10/01/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005526
010905
IRON 007439-89-6
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005527
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-51
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL
NOEL 316 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 13 WEEKS
000078-83-1
NERVOUS SYSTEM HYPOACTIVITY
NERVOUS SYSTEM ATAXIA
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu •) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu •) Cma/kn/dav)
UF UF UF UF
3E+0
100
IRIS
005977
ISOPHORONE
NOEL 150 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
000078-59-1
KIDNEY
DOG
90 DAYS
LESIONS
2E+0
100
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (11/15/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP
IRIS
ISOPROPALIN
NOEL 15 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
033820-53-0
RAT
90 DAYS BLOOD
ORGANS,
UNSPECIFIED
HEMATOLIGICAL EFFECTS
ALTERED WEIGHTS
1.5E-1
100
IRIS
005910
010906
005978
LACTONITRILE 000078-97-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005783
LEAD 007439-92-1
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: REFER TO IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
010447
LEAD ALKYLS
010448
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: REFER TO IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: DIMETHYLETHYL LEAD; METHYLTRIETHYL LEAD; TETRABUTYL LEAD; TETRAETHYL LEAD; TETRAMETHYL LEAD; TETRAPROPYL LEAD; TRIETHYL
LEAD; TRIMETHYL LEAD; TRIMETHYLETHYL LEAD; TRIPROPYL LEAD
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-52
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
LINURON 000330-55-2
LOAEL 0.625 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET
2 YEARS
BLOOD
CRITICAL EFFECT
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu HI) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/davl
UF
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
MALATHION
NOEL 0.23 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
000121-75-5
HUMAN
47 DAYS
BLOOD
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW.
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE
NOAEL 10 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000108-31-6
RAT
2 YEARS KIDNEY
LESIONS
MALEIC HYDRAZIDE
LOAEL 500 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
000123-33-1
RAT
28 MONTHS KIDNEY
ALTERED FUNCTION
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
UF
2E-3
300
UF
2E-2
10
1E-1
100
5E-1
1000
UF
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
005990
005991
005992
005993
MALONONITRILE
LOAEL 0.21 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000109-77-3
RAT
120 DAYS LIVER
SPLEEN
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
2E-4
1000
2E-5
10000
005994
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-53
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE SPECIES
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
MANCOZEB
NOEL 2.9 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
008018-01-7
RAT
90 WEEKS THYROID
CRITICAL EFFECT
GOITROGENIC EFFECTS
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu «) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
3E-2
100
3E-2
100
005995
MANEB
NOEL 5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
012427-38-2
MONKEY
6 MONTHS
THYROID
INCREASED WEIGHT
5E-2
100
IRIS
005996
MANGANESE 007439-96-5
NOAEL 0.005 MG/KG/DAY HUMAN
ORAL: DRINKING CHRONIC CENTRAL NERVOUS EFFECTS
WATER SYSTEM
5E-3
1
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL WATER RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL WATER [RfD]. SEE IRIS FOR SPECIFIC
DIETARY INFORMATION.
NOAEL O.U MG/KG/DAY HUMAN
ORAL: DIET CHRONIC
CENTRAL NERVOUS EFFECTS
SYSTEM
1.4E-1
1
IRIS
010850
010851
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL FOOD RfO WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL FOOD [RfD]. SEE IRIS FOR SPECIFIC DIETARY
INFORMATION.
IRIS 010959
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: A SUBCHRONIC [RfC] HAS NOT BEEN DERIVED FOR MANGANESE.
MEPHOSFOLAN
NOEL 0.09 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000950-10-7
RAT
17 WEEKS LIVER
KIDNEY
BLOOD
ERYTHROCYTES
BRAIN
ALTERED WEIGHT
ALTERED WEIGHT
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
9E-4
100
9E-5
1000
005997
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-54
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (ma/cu a) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
MERCURY, ELEMENTAL VAPOR 007439-97-6
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
MERCURY, INORGANIC 007439-97-6
RAT
ORAL: PARENTERAL KIDNEY
EFFECTS
3E-4
1000
3E-4 005800
1000
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
NOAEL 0.009 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
HUMAN
NERVOUS SYSTEM NEUROTOXICITY
3E-4
30
3E-4
30
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THIS VALUE IS SPECIFICALLY FOR ELEMENTAL MERCURY.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THIS VALUE IS SPECIFICALLY FOR ELEMENTAL MERCURY. UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
MERPHOS
NOEL 0.1 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
000150-50-5
HEN
3 MONTHS NERVOUS SYSTEM
NERVOUS SYSTEM
WHOLE BODY
ATAXIA
DELAYED NEUROTOXICITY
DECREASED WEIGHT
3E-4
300
IRIS
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (06/25/92) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] CPMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS MODIFIED TO ESTIMATE THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
MERPHOS OXIDE
NOEL 0.1 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: CAPSULE
000078-48-8
HEN
3 MONTHS NERVOUS SYSTEM
NERVOUS SYSTEM
WHOLE BODY
ATAXIA
DELAYED NEUROTOXICITY
DECREASED WEIGHT
3E-4
300
IRIS
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (06/25/92) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] CPMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS MODIFIED TO ESTIMATE THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
010270
005998
010907
005999
010908
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-55
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL POSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu in) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
March 1994
REFERENCE
METHACRYLONITRILE
NOAEL 3.2 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000126-98-7
DOG
90 DAYS LIVER INCREASED SCOT
LIVER INCREASED SGPT
CENTRAL NERVOUS LOSS OF HINDLIMB MOTOR CONTROL
SYSTEM
BRAIN LESIONS
1E-3
300
IRIS
005812
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
METHANOL
NOEL 500 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000067-56-1
RAT
90 DAYS BLOOD
BLOOD
BRAIN
INCREASED ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
INCREASED SGPT
DECREASED WEIGHT
5E+0
100
IRIS
010271
METHOMYL
NOEL 2.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
016752-77-5
DOG
24 MONTHS KIDNEY
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
METHOXYCHLOR
NOEL 5.01 MG/KG/DAY
000072-43-5
RABBIT
13 DAYS REPRODUCTION
ORAL: GAVAGE 13 DAYS REPRODUCTION LOSS OF LITTERS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfDl.
2.5E-2
100
5E-3
1000
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (11/07/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005802
010357
010909
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-56
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic Chronic
[RfCl [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) tmg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
METHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2- 000110-49-6
010497
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
METHOXYETHANOL, 2-
NOAEL 93 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000109-86-4
RABBIT
13 WEEKS TESTICLE
EFFECTS
2E-1
100
IRIS
010372
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS — SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
METHYL ACETATE
NOEL 1156 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000079-20-9
RAT
90 DAYS LIVER
LIVER
INCREASED ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
INCREASED SGPT
1E+1
100
1E+0
1000
010002
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH METHANOL BY MULTIPLYING BY THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT RATIO (74.08/32.04).
METHYL ACRYLATE 000096-33-3
010498
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
METHYL CHLOROCARBONATE 000079-22-1
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (05/01/89).
GENERAL COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-57
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
Subchronic Chronic
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES [RfC] CRfD] [RfCl tRfO] REFERENCE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET CRITICAL EFFECT (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
METHYL ETHYL KETONE 000078-93-3
NOAEL 1711 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING MULTI- FETUS DECREASED BIRTH HEIGHT 2E+0 IRIS 010853
UATER GENERATION 1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS MODIFIED TO ESTIMATE THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: MULTI-GENERATION DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY PERFORMED UHT THE SURROGATE 2-BUTANOL, A METABOLITE OF METHYL ETHYL KETONE.
NOAEL 1010 PPM MOUSE
INHALATION: 10 DAYS FETUS DECREASED BIRTH HEIGHT 1E+0 IRIS 010845
INTERMITTENT 3000
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE 001338-23-4
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/22/93) BY THE RfD/RfC UORK GROUP. 010948
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 000108-10-1
NOAEL 250 NG/(KG-DAV) RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 13 WEEKS WHOLE BODY LETHARGY 8E-1 8E-2 010949
LIVER INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT IN 300 3000
FEMALES
LIVER INCREASED ABSOLUTE WEIGHT IN
FEMALES
KIDNEY INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT IN
FEMALES
KIDNEY INCREASED ABSOLUTE WEIGHT IN
FEMALES
KIDNEY INCREASED URINARY PROTEIN
LEVELS IN FEMALES
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (03/01/91), UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
METHYL ISOCYANATE 000624-83-9
IRIS 010013
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/18/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 1-58
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] CRfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
METHYL MERCURY
LOAEL 0.003 MG HG/KG/DAY
ORAL
022967-92-6
HUMAN
CENTRAL NERVOUS EFFECTS
SYSTEM
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE ADMINISTERED DOSE UAS CALCULATED FROM 200 NG HG/ML OF BLOOD.
3E-4
10
IRIS
005547
METHYL METHACRYLATE 000080-62-6
NOEL 7.5 MG/ICG/DAY RAT
ORAL: WATER 24 MONTHS KIDNEY
INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT
8E-2
100
8E-2
100
010014
METHYL PARATHION
NOAEL 2.5 PPM
ORAL: DIET
000298-00-0
RAT
90 DAYS
ERYTHROCYTES
CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION
2E-3
100
IRIS
010015
010846
METHYL STYRENE (MIXED ISOMERS) 025013-15-4
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN
CARCINOGENICITY)
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
010500
METHYL STYRENE, ALPHA
000098-83-9
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
010499
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-59
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE SPECIES
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY) BUTYRIC ACID, 4-(2- 000094-81-5
NOEL 12 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 13 WEEKS LIVER EFFECTS
KIDNEY EFFECTS
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfO] [RfCJ [RfDl REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu PI) (na/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
1E-1
100
IRIS
010008
ORAL: DIET
DOG
13 WEEKS
LIVER
KIDNEY
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY) PROPIONIC ACID, 2-(2- 000093-65-2
NOEL 3 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 90 DAYS KIDNEY ALTERED WEIGHT
1E-2
300
IRIS 010009
METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID, 2- 000094-74-6
NOEL 0.15 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 52 WEEKS KIDNEY EFFECTS
LIVER EFFECTS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
5E-4
300
IRIS 010007
METHYLCYCLOHEXANE 000108-87-2
NOAEL 287 MG/CU M RAT
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
1 YEAR
KIDNEY
KIDNEY
MINERALIZATION
PAPILLARY HYPERPLASIA
3E+0
100
3E+0
100
010431
METHYLENE BROMIDE 000074-95-3
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGEN I CITY)
010501
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-60
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
METHYLENE CHLORIDE / (DICHLOROMETHANE)
NOAEL 5.85 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 24 MONTHS LIVER
WATER
CRITICAL EFFECT
000075-09-2
TOXICITY
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC3 [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu •) (nH/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mo/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD UAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD] .
NOAEL 694.8 MG/CU M RAT
INHALATION: 2 YEARS
INTERMITTENT
LIVER
TOXICITY
3E+0
100
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
6E-2
100
3E+0
100
IRIS
005553
005552
METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE), 4,4'- 000101-14-4
LOAEL 7.3 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL 9 YEARS LIVER EFFECTS
BLADDER EFFECTS
7E-4
10000
7E-4
10000
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE 02/10/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHYLENEDIPHENYL ISOCYANATE, 4,4- / (DIPEHNYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE) 000101 -68-8
NOAEL 0.2 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
RAT
24 MONTHS NASAL CAVITY LESIONS
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
2E-5
300
2E-5
300
010413
010933
010449
METOLACHLOR
NOAEL 300 PPM
ORAL: DIET
051218-45-2
RAT
2 YEARS
WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
1.5E-1
100
1.5E-1
100
010950
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-61
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
METRIBUZIN
NOAEL 100 PPM
ORAL: DIET
021087-64-9
DOG
2 YEARS LIVER
KIDNEY
WHOLE BODY
WHOLE BODY
CRITICAL EFFECT
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
MORTALITY
DECREASED WEIGHT
tRfC]
Subchronic
[RfD]
Chronic
[RfCj [RfO]
REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
MIREX
NOAEL 0.07 NG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
002385-85-5
RAT
2 YEARS
LIVER
LIVER
LIVER
THYROID
CYTOMEGALY
FATTY METAMORPHOSIS
ANGIECTASIS
CYSTIC FOLLICLES
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
MOLINATE
NOEL 0.2 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
002212-67-1
RAT
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
TOXICITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY.
MOLYBDENUM
LOAEL 0.14 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: WATER,
DIET
007439-98-7
HUMAN
URINE
JOINTS
BLOOD
INCREASED URIC ACID
PAIN, SWELLING
DECREASED COPPER LEVELS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RFD].
UF
2.5E-2
100
2E-4
300
2E-3
100
5E-3
30
UF
UF
IRIS
010928
IRIS
010841
IRIS
010017
IRIS
010489
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-62
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/day) (mg/cu B) (mg/kg/dav)
UF
UF
UF
UF
MONOCHLORAMINE 010599-90-3
NOAEL 9.5 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 2 YEARS
WATER
WHOLE BODY
LIVER
KIDNEY
WEIGHT CHANGES
WEIGHT CHANGES
WEIGHT CHANGES
1E-1
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
NAPHTHALENE 000091-20-3
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
IRIS
010517
NAPHTHOQUINONE, 1,4- 000130-15-4
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010020
NICKEL (METALLIC)
NOAEL 100 PPM
ORAL: DIET
007440-02-0
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
ORGANS, MAJOR
DECREASED WEIGHT
DECREASED WEIGHT
2E-2
300
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS
005579
NICKEL CYANIDE 000557-19-7
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/20/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010953
NICOTINONITRILE 000100-54-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005584
NITRIC OXIDE 010102-43-9
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
010451
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-63
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
NITRITE
NOEL 10 PPM
ORAL: WATER
014797-65-0
HUMAN
BLOOD
CRITICAL EFFECT
METHEMOGLOBINEMIA
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/day)
UF UF
1E-1
10
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav)
UF UF
IRIS
010021
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THIS VALUE IS BASED ON NITRATE (NITROGEN) DATA FROM THE MOST SENSITIVE HUMAN POPULATION (INFANTS). THE CHRONIC
ORAL RfD HAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THIS VALUE IS BASED ON NITRATE (NITROGEN) DATA FROM THE MOST SENSITIVE HUMAN POPULATION (INFANTS).
NITROANILINE, 2- 000088-74-4
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RFD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (06/23/92) BY THE RFD/RFC WORK GROUP.
LOAEL 9.8 MG/CU M RAT
INHALATION: 4 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
BLOOD
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
2E-3
1000
2E-4
10000
010936
010935
NITROANILINE, M- 000099-09-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010400
NITROANILINE, P- 000100-01-6
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010024
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-64
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] CRfO] REFERENCE
Cmg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu in) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
NITROBENZENE
LOAEL 25 MG/CU N
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000098-95-3
MOUSE
90 DAYS
BLOOD
ADRENAL
KIDNEY
LIVER
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
LESIONS
LESIONS
LESIONS
5E-3
1000
IRIS
005589
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
RAT
90 DAYS
BLOOD
ADRENAL
KIDNEY
LIVER
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
LESIONS
LESIONS
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONICTOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE ORAL RFD, WHILE STILL AVAILABLE ON IRIS. IS BEING RECONSIDERED BY THE RFD WORKGROUP. BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE
EXTRAPOLATION.
NITROFURANTOIN
NOAEL 300 PPM
ORAL: DIET
000067-20-9
MOUSE
13 WEEKS
TESTIS
DAMAGE
7E-1
100
7E-2
1000
005593
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NOEL 10 PPM
ORAL: WATER
010102-44-0
HUMAN
BLOOD
METHEMOGLOBINEMIA
1E+0
1
IRIS 010402
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THIS VALUE IS BASED ON NITRATE (NITROGEN) DATA FROM THE MOST SENSITIVE HUMAN POPULATION (INFANTS). THE CHRONIC
ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THIS VALUE IS BASED ON NITRATE (NITROGEN) DATA FROM THE MOST SENSITIVE HUMAN POPULATION (INFANTS).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
010912
NITROGEN OXIDES
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS. 010170
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-65
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
(mg/cu a) (mg/kg/davl (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
NITROMETHANE 000075-52-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010026
NITROPHENOLS
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005594
NITROPROPANE, 2-
LOAEL 78 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000079-46-9
RAT
22 MONTHS LIVER
LESIONS
2E-2
1000
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfCl COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
010374
NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE. P- 000156-10-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010027
NITROTOLUENE, M-
LOAEL 200 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000099-08-1
RAT
6 MONTHS SPLEEN
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON DATA OBTAINED WITH 0-NITROTOLUENE.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON DATA OBTAINED WITH 0-NITROTOLUENE.
1E-1
1000
1E-2
10000
010029
NITROTOLUENE, 0-
LOAEL 200 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000088-72-2
RAT
6 MONTHS SPLEEN
LESIONS
1E-1
1000
1E-2 010028
10000
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-66
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
NITROTOLUENE, P-
LOAEL 200 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000099-99-0
RAT
6 MONTHS SPLEEN
CRITICAL EFFECT
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON DATA OBTAINED WITH 0-NITROTOLUENE.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON DATA OBTAINED WITH 0-NITROTOLUENE.
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
1E-1
1000
1E-2
10000
010030
OCTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER
NOAEL 2.5 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 90 DAYS
032536-52-0
LIVER
HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES
3E-2
100
IRIS
010032
OCTAMETHYLPYROPHOSPHORAMIDE 000152-16-9
NOAEL 0.02 MG/KG/DAY HUMAN
ORAL AT LEAST 30 BLOOD DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
DAYS ACTIVITY
2E-3
10
2E-3
10
010031
OSMIUM TETROXIDE 020816-12-0
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/22/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010954
OZONE 010028-15-6
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
010171
PARALDEHYDE 000123-63-7
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
010033
PARATHION
NOAEL 0.064 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
000056-38-2
HUMAN
CHOLINESTERASE
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
6E-3
10
6E-3 005598
10
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD],
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-67
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
Cmg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (ma/cu *) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
PARTICULATE MATTER
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS. 010034
PEBULATE
NOEL 5 NG/KG/DAV
ORAL: DIET
001114-71-2
RAT
SUBCHRONIC BLOOD
INCREASED CLOTTING TIME
5E-2
100
5E-2 010036
100
PENDIMETHALIN 040487-42-1
NOEL 12.5 MG/KG/DAV DOG
ORAL: CAPSULE 2 YEARS LIVER EFFECTS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
4E-2
300
IRIS
010037
PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER 032534-81-9
NOAEL 1.8 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 90 DAYS LIVER
ALTERED ENZYME ACTIVITIES
2E-2
100
IRIS
010038
PENTACHLOROBENZENE
LOAEL 8.3 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000608-93-5
RAT
100 DAYS LIVER
KIDNEY
TOXICITY
TOXICITY
8E-3
1000
IRIS
010039
PENTACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 025329-35-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
005302
PENTACHLORONITROBENZENE 000082-68-8
NOEL 0.75 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS LIVER
TOXICITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
3E-3
300
IRIS
010040
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-68
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
Subchronic Chronic
CHEMJCAL BPJI SPECIES [RfC] [RfO] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET CRITICAL EFFECT (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu nil (mn/ka/davl
UF UF UF UF
PENTACHLOROPHENOL 000087-86-5
NOEL 3 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 62 DAYS FETUS FETOTOXICITY 3E-2 IRIS 005600
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A TERATOLOGY STUDY WITH EXPOSURE 62 DAYS PRIOR TO MATING AND THROUGHOUT GESTATION AND LACTATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
PENTACHLOROPROPENE, 1,1,2,3,3,- 001600-37-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT 010041
PENTANE, N- 000109-66-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT 005603
PHENANTHRENE 000085-01-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT 005604
PHENOL 000108-95-2
NOAEL 60 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE FETUS DECREASED WEIGHT 6E-1 IRIS 005824
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY UITH EXPOSURES DURING DAYS 6-15 OF GESTATION. THE ORAL CHRONIC RfD WAS ADOPTED
AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY UITH EXPOSURES DURING DAYS 6-15 OF GESTATION.
IRIS 010913
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (02/22/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, M- 000108-45-2
NOEL 6 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL 90 DAYS LIVER LESIONS 6E-2 IRIS 010044
100
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 1-69
-------
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
REFERENCE
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/ka/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/davl
UF UF UF UF
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, 0- 000095-54-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, P- 000106-50-3
NOAEL 18.7 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS WHOLE BODY EFFECTS
PHENYLMERCURIC ACETATE 000062-38-4
NOAEL 0.0084 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS KIDNEY DAMAGE
8E-5
100
1.9E-1
100
IRIS
010042
010043
010277
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD]. CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO MERCURY BY CORRECTING
FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO MERCURY BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
PHORATE
NOAEL 0.033 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000298-02-2
RAT
13 WEEKS
CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
PHOSGENE 000075-44-5
2E-4
200
2E-4
200
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (10/01/90) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010403
010045
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-70
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu M) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
PHOSPHINE
NOEL 0.026 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
007803-51-2
RAT
2 YEARS
3E-4
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
IRIS
010174
NOAEL 1.4 MG/CU M RAT
INHALATION: 24 WKS
INTERMITTENT
KIDNEY
RENAL EFFECTS
3E-4
1000
3E-5
10000
010173
PHOSPHORUS, WHITE 007723-14-0
GENERAL COMMENT: FORMERLY LISTED AS PHOSPHORUS (INORGANIC COMPOUNDS).
IRIS
010452
PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
010172
PHTHALIC ACID, M- 000121-91-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010047
PHTHALIC ACID, 0- 000088-99-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010046
PHTHALIC ACID, P-
NOEL 142 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000100-21-0
RAT
2 YEARS BLADDER
HYPERPLASIA
1E+0
100
1E+0
100
010048
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-71
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
LEVEp1 RWE EXPERIMirUENGTH TARGET CRITICAL EFFECT tJSSm) (JCdav) (Sou m) (JESdav) *EFERENCE
UF UF UF UF
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE 000085-44-9
LOAEL 1562 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
ORAL: DIET 104 WEEKS LUNG HISTOPATHOLOGY 2E+0 IRIS 010049
KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGY 1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
LOAEL 0.1 MG/CU M HUMAN
INHALATION: 12 YEARS NOSE RHINITIS 1.2E-1 1.2E-1 010847
INTERMITTENT LUNGS BRONCHITIS 300 300
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS
LOAEL 0.07 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 25 WEEKS LIVER INCREASED WEIGHT 7E-5 7E-6 010050
LIVER LESIONS 1000 10000
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
POTASSIUM CYANIDE 000151 -50-8
NOAEL 27 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT 5E-2 IRIS 010278
THYROID EFFECTS 500
NERVE MYELIN DEGENERATION
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR :JEIGHT. THE ORAL CHRONIC RfD
WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 1-72
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINCGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfO] [RfCl [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
POTASSIUM SILVER CYANIDE 000506-61-6
NOAEL 82.7 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
RAT
2 YEARS
WHOLE BODY
THYROID
NERVE
DECREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
MYELIN DEGENERATION
2E-1
500
IRIS
010279
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT. THE ORAL CHRONIC RfD
WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
PROFLURALIN
NOEL 3 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
026399-36-0
RAT
SUBCHRONIC
NONE OBSERVED
6E-3
500
6E-3 010051
500
PRONAMIDE
NOEL 7.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
023950-58-5
DOG
2 YEARS
NONE OBSERVED
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
7.5E-2
100
IRIS
010280
PROPACHLOR
NOEL 13.3 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
001918-16-7
RAT
90 DAYS
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
1.3E-1
100
IRIS
010175
PROPAZINE
NOEL 5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000139-40-2
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD],
2E-2
300
IRIS
010052
PROPIONITRILE 000107-12-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010053
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-73
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfCi [RfD] REFERENCE
(mq/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (ma/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
PROPYL ALCOHOL, N- 000071-23-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005627
PROPYLENE GLYCOL
NOEL 50000 PPM
ORAL: DIET
NOEL 6 X
ORAL: DIET
000057-55-6
DOG
2 YEARS ERYTHROCYTES
BLOOD
RAT
20 WEEKS
BLOOD
KIDNEY
DECREASED COUNT
DECREASED HEMATOCRIT
DECREASED HEMOGLOBIN
LESIONS
2E+1
100
3E+1
100
IRIS
005631
005629
010914
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (04/25/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER 001569-02-4
NOEL 680 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 30 DAYS WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
WATER
7E+0
100
7E-1
1000
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (04/25/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005488
010915
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 000107-98-2
NOEL 947 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
RAT
35 DAYS
LIVER
KIDNEY
HISTOPATHOLOGY
HISTOPATHOLOGY
7E+0
100
7E-1
1000
005486
NOAEL 1000 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
RAT, RABBIT
13 WEEKS CENTRAL NERVOUS EFFECTS
SYSTEM
2E+1
30
IRIS
010276
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-74
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfO] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
PROPYLENE OXIDE
LOAEL 71 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000075-56-9
EPITHELIUM
RAT
2 YEARS
UNSPECIFIED
3E-2
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RFC].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
IRIS
010375
PYRENE
NOAEL 75 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000129-00-0
MOUSE
13 UKS
KIDNEY
EFFECTS
3E-1
300
IRIS 010176
PYRIDINE
NOAEL 1 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000110-86-1
RAT
90 DAYS LIVER
LIVER
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT
1E-2
100
IRIS 010055
RDX / (CYCLONITE)
NOEL 0.3 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
000121-82-4
RAT
105 WEEKS PROSTATE
PROSTATE
INFLAMMATION
HEMOSIDEROSIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
3E-3
100
IRIS 010056
RONNEL
NOAEL 5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000299-84-3
RAT
2 YEARS LIVER
EFFECTS
5E-2
100
5E-2 010057
100
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-75
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfO] REFERENCE
(mg/cu M) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu B) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
SELENIOUS ACID 007783-00-8
NOAEL 0.046 MG/KG/DAY HUMAN
ORAL: DIET WHOLE BODY SELENOSIS, CLINICAL
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
5E-3
3
IRIS
010504
SELENIUM
NOAEL 0.853 MG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
007782-49-2
HUMAN
WHOLE BODY SELENOSIS, CLINICAL
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
5E-3
3
IRIS
010404
SELENOUREA 000630-10-4
NOAEL 0.072 MG/KG/DAY HUMAN
ORAL: DIET WHOLE BODY
SELENOSIS
5E-3
15
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (05/01/91). UNDER REVIEW. CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
SILVER 007440-22-4
LOAEL 0.014 MG/KG/DAY HUMAN
IV 2-9 YEARS
SKIN
ARGYRIA
5E-3
3
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A TOTAL IV DOSE OF 1 GRAM.
5E-3
15
IRIS
010473
010453
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-76
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
SILVER CYANIDE
NOAEL 55.7 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000506-64-9
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
THYROID
NERVE
CRITICAL EFFECT
DECREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
MYELIN DEGENERATION
Subchronic
CRfC] [RfO]
(mg/cu ml (ma/kg/dav)
UF UF
1E-1
500
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/davl
UF UF
IRIS
010283
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT. THE ORAL CHRONIC RfD
WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
SIMAZINE
NOAEL 0.52 MG/CKG-DAY)
ORAL: DIET
000122-34-9
RAT
2 YEARS
WHOLE BODY
BLOOD
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
5E-3
100
IRIS
010955
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE ORAL CHRONIC RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
SODIUM CYANIDE
NOAEL 20.4 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000143-33-9
RAT
CENTRAL NERVOUS EFFECTS
SYSTEM
4E-2
500
IRIS
005640
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT. THE ORAL CHRONIC RfO
WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
SODIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE 000148-18-5
NOEL 30 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL 90 DAYS EYE CATARACTS
WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
013718-26-8
KIDNEY IMPAIRED FUNCTION
SODIUM METAVANADATE
NOAEL 10 PPM RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 3 MONTHS
WATER
3E-1
100
1E-2
100
IRIS
005644
1E-3
1000
005735
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-77
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEH1CAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu BI) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (ma/ka/dav)
UF
STRONTIUM, STABLE 007440-24-6
NOAEL 190 MG/KG/DAY RAT, YOUNG
ORAL: DRINKING 20 DAYS BONE RACHITIC CHANGES
WATER
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
UF
6E-1
300
UF
UF
IRIS
010842
STRYCHNINE
LOAEL 2.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000057-24-9
RAT
28 DAYS UNSPECIFIED
UNSPECIFIED
TOXICITY
HISTOPATHOLOGY
3E-3
1000
IRIS
010285
GENERAL COMMENT: THE LOAEL IS ALSO THE FEL.
STYRENE 000100-42-5
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
HUMAN
IRIS
NOAEL 22 PPM
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL
CENTRAL EFFECTS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
3E+0
10
IRIS
010059
010511
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE MEAN DURATION OF EXPOSURE FOR 50 WORKERS WAS 8.6 YEARS. AIR EXPOSURE CONCENTRATIONS WERE ESTIMATED FROM THE
SUMMATION OF THE PRINCIPLE URINARY METABOLITES OF STYRENE, MANDELIC ACID AND PHENYLGLYOXYLIC ACID. SEE IRIS FOR MORE
INFORMATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
SUCCINONITRILE 000110-61-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT 005585
SULFUR DIOXIDE 007446-09-5
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS. 010505
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-78
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfO] [RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
SULFUR OXIDES
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION. SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
March 1994
REFERENCE
010035
SULFURIC ACID 007664-93-9
NOAEL 0.066-0.098 MG/CU M HUMAN
INHALATION RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY EFFECTS
005647
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: REPORTED EFFECTS OCCURRED AT PORTAL OF ENTRY. ESTIMATES OF MG/DAY REFERENCE DOSES ARE INAPPROPRIATE BECAUSE
EFFECTS AT PORTAL OF ENTRY DEPEND ON CONCENTRATION IN AIR. AN ACCEPTABLE AIR CONCENTRATION OF 0.07 MG/CU M WAS
ESTIMATED BY CARSON ET AL (1981) FROM AVAILABLE DATA.
TEMEPHOS
NOAEL 200 PPM
ORAL: DIET
003383-96-8
RAT
99 DAYS
2E-1
100
2E-2
1000
010060
TERBUFOS 013071 -79-9
NOAEL 0.0025 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 6 MONTHS CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION
2.5E-5
100
2.5E-5
100
010408
TEREPHTHALIC ACID 000100-21-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
010474
TETRACHLOROAZOXYBENZENE 021232-47-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010064
TETRACHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4,5- 000095-94-3
NOAEL 0.34 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 13 WEEKS KIDNEY
LESIONS
3E-3
100
IRIS
010286
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-79
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu «) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
TETRACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 000695-77-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005303
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2- 000630-20-6
LOAEL 89.3 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 103 WEEKS LIVER
KIDNEY
LESIONS
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE 000127-18-4
NOAEL 14 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
ORAL
6 WEEKS
LIVER
HEPATOTOXICITY
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
3E-2
3000
1E-1
100
IRIS
IRIS
010407
005650
TETRACHLOROHYDRAZOBENZENE 071753-42-9
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010065
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,4,5- 004901-51-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005324
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,4,6- 000058-90-2
NOAEL 25 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 90 DAYS LIVER
LIVER
INCREASED WEIGHT
CENTRILOBULAR HYPERTROPHY
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,5,6- 000935-95-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
3E-1
100
IRIS
005323
005325
TETRACHLOROPROPENE, 1,1,2,3- 010436-39-2
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010066
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-80
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEH1CAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
TETRACHLOROVINPHOS / (STIROPHOS)
NOEL 3.1 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS LIVER
KIDNEY
WHOLE BODY
CRITICAL EFFECT
000961-11-5
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED WEIGHT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu ml (mq/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
3E-2
100
IRIS
010067
TETRAETHYL DITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE 003689-24-5
NOEL 0.5 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
RAT
3 MONTHS
ERYTHROCYTES
BLOOD
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
5E-3
100
IRIS
010287
THALLIC OXIDE 001314-32-5
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (07/22/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010956
THALLIUM (I) ACETATE
NOAEL 0.26 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
000563-68-8
RAT
90 DAYS
LIVER
BLOOD
HAIR
INCREASED SCOT
INCREASED SERUM LDH
ALOPECIA
9E-4
300
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO THALLIUM (I) SULFATE BY CORRECTING FOR MOLECULAR WEIGHT DIFFERENCES.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO THALLIUM (I) SULFATE BY CORRECTING FOR MOLECULAR WEIGHT DIFFERENCES.
THALLIUM (I) CARBONATE 006533-73-9
NOAEL 0.23 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL 90 DAYS
LIVER
BLOOD
HAIR
INCREASED SCOT
INCREASED SERUM LDH
ALOPECIA
8E-4
300
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO THALLIUM (I) SULFATE BY CORRECTING FOR MOLECULAR WEIGHT DIFFERENCES.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO THALLIUM (I) SULFATE BY CORRECTING FOR MOLECULAR WEIGHT DIFFERENCES.
005664
005668
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-81
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
THALLIUM (I) CHLORIDE 007791-12-0
NOAEL 0.23 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL 90 DAYS LIVER
BLOOD
HAIR
CRITICAL EFFECT
INCREASED SCOT
INCREASED SERUM LDH
ALOPECIA
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m)_ (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu IB) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
8E-4
300
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO THALLIUM SULFATE BY CORRECTING FOR MOLECULAR WEIGHT DIFFERENCES.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO THALLIUM (I) SULFATE BY CORRECTING FOR MOLECULAR WEIGHT DIFFERENCES.
THALLIUM (I) NITRATE
NOAEL 0.26 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
010102-45-1
RAT
90 DAYS LIVER
BLOOD
HAIR
INCREASED SCOT
INCREASED SERUM LDH
ALOPECIA
9E-4
300
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO THALLIUM (I) SULFATE BY CORRECTING FOR MOLECULAR WEIGHT DIFFERENCES.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO THALLIUM (I) SULFATE BY CORRECTING FOR MOLECULAR WEIGHT DIFFERENCES.
005672
005676
THALLIUM (I) SULFATE
NOAEL 0.25 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
007446-18-6
RAT
90 DAYS LIVER
BLOOD
HAIR
INCREASED SCOT
INCREASED SERUM LDH
ALOPECIA
8E-4
300
IRIS
005682
THALLIUM (IN SOLUBLE SALTS)
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: REFER TO IRIS FOR OTHER THALLIUM SALTS.
010458
THALLIUM SELENITE
012039-52-0
010957
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS WITHDRAWN FROM IRIS (08/01/93). THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE
(07/22/93) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-82
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(ma/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
THIOCYANOMETHYLTHIO)BENZOTHIAZOLE, 2-( 021564-17-0
NOEL 25 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET SUBCHRONIC STOMACH LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION DATA
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION DATA
THIOFANOX
NOAEL 0.025 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
013196-18-4
DOG
8 DAYS
CHOLINESTERASE
DECREASED CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION DATA.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION DATA.
3E-1
100
3E-4
100
3E-2
1000
3E-4
100
010068
010069
THIRAM
NOAEL 0.61 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
000137-26-8
FERRET
24 WEEKS
REPRODUCTION
IMPAIRED
6E-3
100
IRIS
010450
010070
TIN AND COMPOUNDS
NOAEL 2000 PPM
ORAL: DIET
RAT
2 YEARS
LIVER
KIDNEY
LESIONS
LESIONS
6E-1
100
6E-1
100
005688
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO STANNOUS CHLORIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO STANNOUS CHLORIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-83
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL POSE
LEVEL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
TOLUENE
NOAEL 223 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
000108-88-3
RAT
13 WEEKS
LIVER
KIDNEY
CRITICAL EFFECT
ALTERED WEIGHT
ALTERED WEIGHT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD]
(na/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (tng/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
March 1994
REFERENCE
UF
UF
2E+0
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
UF
IRIS
IRIS
010469
010844
TOLUENE-2,5-DIAMINE 000095-70-5
NOAEL 56 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 78 WEEKS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: DETERMINED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH THE SULFATE SALT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: DETERMINED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH THE SULFATE SALT.
TOLUENE-2,6-DIAMINE 000823-40-5
NOAEL 16 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: DETERMINED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH THE DIHYDROCHLORIDE.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: DETERMINED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH THE DIHYDROCHLORIDE.
6E-1
100
2E-1
100
6E-1
100
2E-1
100
010073
010074
TOLUENEDIAMINE, 2,3- 002687-25-4
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010071
TOLUENEDIAMINE, 3,4- 000496-72-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010072
TOLUIDINE, M- 000108-44-1
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010075
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-84
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu M) (mg/kg/dav) (ma/cu «) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
TRIALLATE 002303-17-5
NOAEL 1.275 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 24 MONTHS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
SPLEEN
LIVER
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
TRIBROMOBENZENE, 1,2,4- 000615-54-3
NOAEL 5 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 45 OR 90 LIVER
DAYS LIVER
ALTERED WEIGHT
ENZYME INDUCTION
1.3E-2
100
5E-2
100
IRIS
IRIS
010076
010077
TRICHLORO-1,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHANE, 1,1,2- 000076-13-1
WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.2
NOEL 2000 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
RAT
24 MONTHS
3E+1
100
3E+0
100
3E+1
100
IRIS
010460
010376
TRICHLORO-2'-HYDROXYDIPHENYLETHER, 2,2,4'- 003380-34-5
NOEL 500 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL 4 WEEKS WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT
4E+0
100
005492
TRICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4- 000120-82-1
NOAEL 100 PPM RAT
ORAL: DRINKING ADRENAL INCREASED WEIGHT
WATER
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON A MULTIGENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY.
1E-2
1000
IRIS
010506
NOAEL 104 PPM
INHALATION
RAT, RABBIT,
DOG, MONKEY
6 AND 26 LIVER
WEEKS
NON-ADVERSE WEIGHT CHANGES
2E+0
100
2E-1
1000
010958
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-85
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINO3ENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF
UF
UF
TRICHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 077323-84-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
UF
005304
TRICHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1- 000071-55-6
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
TRICHLOROETHANE, 1,1,2- 000079-00-5
NOAEL 3.9 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
ORAL: DRINKING 90 DAYS BLOOD CLINICAL CHEMISTRY ALTERATIONS
WATER
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE 000075-69-4
LOAEL 1000 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL
RAT
6 WEEKS
WHOLE BODY
INCREASED MORTALITY
4E-2
100
7E-1
1000
IRIS
IRIS
005702
005502
005500
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGEN ICITY)
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,4- 015950-66-0
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005330
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,5- 000933-78-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005331
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,6- 000933-75-5
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005332
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-86
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4,5- 000095-95-4
NOEL 1000 PPM RAT
ORAL: DIET 98 DAYS LIVER
KIDNEY
CRITICAL EFFECT
HEPATOTOXICITY
EFFECTS
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu «) (mg/kg/dav) Ima/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
1E+0
100
IRIS
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (04/24/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4,6- 000088-06-2
IRIS
CHRONIC RfC COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (04/24/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
005329
010919
010461
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 3,4,5- 000609-19-8
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
TRICHLOROPHENOXY) PROPIONIC ACID, 2(2,4,5- 000093-72-1
NOEL 0.75 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
TRICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID, 2,4,5- 000093-76-5
NOEL 10 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 90 DAYS
KIDNEY
LIVER
WEIGHT EFFECTS
WEIGHT EFFECTS
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,1,1- 007789-89-1
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
8E-3
100
1E-1
100
IRIS
IRIS
005333
010284
010178
010179
005705
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-87
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,1,2- 000598-77-6
NOEL 100 MG/L RAT
ORAL: DRINKING 13 WEEKS LIVER
WATER KIDNEY
THYROID
CRITICAL EFFECT
HISTOPATHOLOGY
HISTOPATHOLOGY
HISTOPATHOLOGY
Subchconic Chronic
[RfC] CRfDl [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/ka/dav) (mg/cu nil Cmg/kg/day)
UF UF UF UF
5E-2
300
IRIS
005708
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2,2- 003175-23-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005706
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2,3- 000096-18-4
NOAEL 8 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL 120 DAYS WHOLE BODY
LIVER
KIDNEY
ERYTHROCYTES
BLOOD
BLOOD
TOXICITY
LESIONS
LESIONS
DECREASED COUNT
DECREASED HEMATOCRIT
DECREASED HEMOGLOBIN
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
TRICHLOROPROPENE, 1,2,3- 000096-19-5
NOEL 18 MG/CU M DOG
INHALATION: 66 WEEKS EYE
INTERMITTENT
IRRITATION
6E-2
100
5E-3
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
IRIS
005714
5E-3
100
010078
TRICHLOROTOLUENE, 2,3,6-
LOAEL 0.5 PPM RAT
ORAL: DIET 28 DAYS
002077-46-5
LIVER
KIDNEY
THYROID
LESIONS
LESIONS
LESIONS
5E-5
1000
005335
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-88
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
TRICHLOROTOLUENE, ALPHA,2,6- 002014-83-7
LOAEL 0.5 PPM RAT
ORAL: DIET 28 DAYS LIVER
KIDNEY
THYROID
CRITICAL EFFECT
LESIONS
LESIONS
LESIONS
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
5E-5
1000
005339
TRIFLURALIN
NOEL 0.75 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
001582-09-8
DOG
12 MONTHS
LIVER
BLOOD
INCREASED WEIGHT
METHEMOGLOBINEMIA
SUBCHRONIC [RfD) COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
7.5E-3
100
IRIS 010080
TRIMETHYLBENZENES
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
005727
TRINITROBENZENE, 1,3,5- 000099-35-4
NOAEL 0.51 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: WATER 16 WEEKS SPLEEN
INCREASED WEIGHT
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH 1,3-DINITROBENZENE.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH 1,3-DINITROBENZENE.
5E-4
1000
IRIS 010081
TRINITROPHENOLS
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
010082
TRINITROPHENYLMETHYLNITRAMINE 000479-45-8
LOAEL 125 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: GAVAGE
RABBIT
9 MONTHS
LIVER
KIDNEY
SPLEEN
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
1E-1
1000
1E-2
10000
010377
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-89
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TRINITROTOLUENE, 2,4,6-
LOAEL 0.5 MG/KG/DAY DOG
ORAL: GAVAGE
TARGET
000118-96-7
LIVER
CRITICAL EFFECT
EFFECTS
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfO] CRfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (ma/ka/dav) (mg/cu •) (mg/kg/dav)
UF
UF
5E-4
1000
UF
SUBCHRONIC tRfO] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
URANIUM, SOLUBLE SALTS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
UF
IRIS
010416
VANADIUM
NOAEL 5 PPM
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
007440-62-2
RAT
LIFETIME
7E-3
100
7E-3
100
005739
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE 001314-62-1
NOAEL 17.85 PPM RAT
ORAL: DIET LIFETIME
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD IMS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
036907-42-3
VANADIUM SULFATE
NOAEL 2.24 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DRINKING
WATER
RAT
LIFETIME
9E-3
100
2E-2
100
IRIS
2E-2
100
005743
005747
VERNAM / (VERNOLATE) 001929-77-7
NOEL 1 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT
1E-2
100
IRIS
010083
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-90
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE
LEVEL ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
VINYL ACETATE
NOAEL 100 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: WATER
NOAEL 176 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000108-05-4
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
KIDNEY
MOUSE
104 WEEKS
NASAL CAVITY
CRITICAL EFFECT
ALTERED WEIGHT
ALTERED WEIGHT
LESIONS
Subchronic Chronic
tRfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu ml (mg/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (iM/kg/dav)
UF
UF
1E+0
100
2E-1
30
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION RfC WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC].
VINYL CHLORIDE
000075-01-4
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY.
UF
IRIS
UF
1E+0
100
010417
010418
VINYL-1 -CYCLOHEXENE, 4- 000100-40-3
GENERAL COMMENT: DATA INADEQUATE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
WARFARIN
LOAEL 2 MG/DAY
ORAL
000081-81-2
HUMAN
BLOOD
INCREASED PROTHROMBIN TIME
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
3E-4
100
IRIS
010084
010409
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-91
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HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL DOSE _
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfO] [RfCl [RfD] REFERENCE
(roa/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) (ma/cu B) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
XYLENE, M- 000108-38-3
NOAEL 250 MG/KG RAT
ORAL: GAVAGE 103 WEEKS CENTRAL NERVOUS HYPERACTIVITY
SYSTEM
WHOLE BODY DECREASED WEIGHT
WHOLE BODY
2E+0
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/11/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
XYLENE, MIXTURE
001330-20-7
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/11/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
XYLENE, 0-
NOEL 250 MG/KG
ORAL: GAVAGE
000095-47-6
RAT
103 WEEKS
CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
WHOLE BODY
HYPERACTIVITY
DECREASED WEIGHT
2E+0
100
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/11/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
XYLENE, P- 000106-42-3
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] IS CONSIDERED NOT VERIFIABLE (12/11/91) BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005755
010920
010872
010921
005751
010922
010923
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-92
-------
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CHEMICAL POSE SPECIES
LEVEL ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] [RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav) (mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF UF UF
ZINC (METALLIC)
LOAEL 1.0 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
SUPPLEMENT
007440-66-6
HUMAN
10 WEEKS BLOOD
DECREASED BLOOD ENZYME
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
3E-1
3
IRIS
010937
ZINC CYANIDE
NOAEL 24.3 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
000557-21-1
RAT
2 YEARS WHOLE BODY
THYROID
NERVE
DECREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
MYELIN DEGENERATION
5E-2
500
IRIS
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: CALCULATED BY ANALOGY TO FREE CYANIDE BY CORRECTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
010289
ZINC PHOSPHIDE
LOAEL 3.48 MG/KG/DAY
ORAL: DIET
001314-84-7
RAT
13 WEEKS WHOLE BODY
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT
DECREASED FOOD INTAKE
3E-3
1000
IRIS
010290
ZINEB 012122-67-7
LOAEL 25 MG/KG/DAY RAT
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS THYROID HYPERPLASIA
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: THE CHRONIC ORAL RfD WAS ADOPTED AS THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD].
5E-2
500
IRIS
010085
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
1-93
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ACENAPHTHENE 000083-32-9
010165 US EPA. 1989. MOUSE ORAL SUBCHRONIC STUDY WITH ACENAPHTHENE. STUDY CONDUCTED BY HAZELTON LABORATORIES, INC., FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID
WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ACENAPTHYLENE 000208-96-8
005202 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ACENAPHTHYLENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ACEPHATE 030560-19-1
005833 CHEVRON CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1987. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION UNPUBLISHED DATA. MRID NO. 40504819
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ACEPHATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ACETONE 000067-64-1
005204 US EPA. 1986. NINETY-DAY GAVAGE STUDY IN ALBINO RATS USING ACETONE. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ACETONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN 000075-86-5
005776 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN. PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT
OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CYANOHYDRINS. PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT
OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ACETONITRILE 000075-05-8
005210 NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM (NTP). 1983. 90-DAY SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES OF ACETONITRILE IN RATS AND MICE. REPORT TO NATIONAL
TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ACETONITRILE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1-1
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ACETOPHENONE 000098-86-2
005212 HAGAN, EC, WH HANSEN, DG FITZHUGH, ET AL. 1967. FOOD FLAVORINGS AND COMPOUNDS OF RELATED STRUCTURE. II. SUBACUTE AND CHRONIC
TOXICITY. FOOD COSMET. TOXICOL. 5(2): 141-157.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010874 US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ACROLEIN 000107-02-8
010390 NEWELL GU. 1958. ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY OF ACROLEIN. STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE. SRI PROJECT NO. 5-868-2.
NAS (NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES). 1977. DRINKING WATER AND HUMAN HEALTH. WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ACROLEIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE. WASHINGTON, DC.
010856 FERON VJ, A KRUYSSE, HP TIL, AND HR IMHEL. 1978. REPEATED EXPOSURE TO ACROLEIN VAPOR: SUBACUTE STUDIES IN HAMSTERS, RATS AND RABBITS.
TOXICOLOGY. 9: 47-57.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ACRYLAMIDE 000079-06-1
005835 BUREK JD, RR ALBEE, JE BEYER, ET AL. 1980. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF ACRYLAMIDE ADMINISTERED TO RATS IN THE DRINKING WATER FOLLOWED BY
UP TO 144 DAYS OF RECOVERY. J ENVIRON PATHOL TOXICOL. 4: 157-182.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ACRYLAMIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RFD/RFC WORK GROUP.
010876 US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1-2
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ACRYLIC ACID 000079-10-7
005836 DEPASS LR. MD WOODSIDE, RH CARMAN AND CS WEIL. 1983. SUBCHRONtC AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY STUDIES ON ACRYLIC ACID IN DRINKING WATER
OF THE RAT. DRUG CHEM TOXICOL. 6(1): 1-20.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ACRYLIC ACID. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010346 MILLER, RR, JA AYERS, GC JERSEY AND MJ MCKENNA. 1981. INHALATION TOXICITY OF ACRYLIC ACID. FUND APPL TOXICOL. 1(3): 271-277.
MILLER, RR, JA AYERS, GC JERSEY. 1979. ACRYLIC ACID 90-DAY VAPOR INHALATION STUDY WITH RATS AND MICE. FINAL REPORT #79RC-1024.
TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH LABORATORY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, MIDLAND, MI.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ACRYLONITRILE 000107-13-1
010939 TANDON R, DK SAXENA, SV CHANDRA, PK SETH, SP SRIVASTAVA. 1988. TESTICULAR EFFECTS OF ACRYLONITRILE IN MICE. TOXICOLOGY LETTERS. 42:
55-63.
BIODYNAMICS. 1980. A TWENTY-FOUR MONTH ORAL TOXICITY/CARCINOGENICITY STUDY OF ACRYLONITRILE ADMINISTERED TO SPARTAN RATS IN THE
DRINKING WATER, VOL 1-2. PREPARED BY BIODYNAMICS, INC., DIVISION OF BIOLOGY AND SAFETY EVALUATION, EAST MILLSTONE, NJ, FOR MONSANTO
COMPANY, ST. LOUIS, MO.
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ADIPONITRILE 000111 -69-3
005157 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR ADIPONITRILE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ALACHLOR 015972-60-8
005837 MONSANTO CO. 1984. MRID NO 00148923. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC, 20460.
US EPA. 1992. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR ALACHLOR. PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE OF
THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, CINCINNATI. OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON,
DC.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ALACHLOR. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH APD ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ALDICARB 000116-06-3
010960 RHONE-POULENC AG COMPANY. 1992. MRID NO 423730-01. HED DOC NO 010459. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
UNION CARBIDE CORP. 1971. R HAINES, JB DERNEHL, JB BLOCK, SUPERVISING PHYSICIANS. INGESTION OF ALDICARB BY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS: A
CONTROLLED STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF ALDICARB ON MAN. ALD-03-77-2215. FEB 11, 1971. MRID NO 00101911. HED DOC NO 010450. AVAILABLE FROM
EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
GOLDMAN LR, M SELLER, RJ JACKSON. 1990. ALDICARB FOOD POISONING IN CALIFORNIA, 1985-1988: TOXICITY ESTIMATES FOR HUMANS. ARCH ENVIRON
HEALTH. 45(3): 141-147. HED DOC NO 010451, 010455, 010458. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
GOLDMAN, LR, OF SMITH, RR NEUTRA ET AL. 1990. PESTICIDE FOOD POISONING FROM CONTAMINATED WATERMELONS IN CALIFORNIA, 1985. ARCH
ENVIRON HEALTH. 45(4): 229-236.
HIRSCH GH, BT MORI, GB MORGAN, PR BENNET, BC WILLIAMS. 1987. REPORT OF ILLNESSES CAUSED BY ALDICARB-CONTAMINATED CUCUMBERS. FOOD
ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS. 5(2): 155-60. HED DOC NO 010455, 010458. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 020460.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ALDRIN 000309-00-2
005159 FITZHUGH OG, AA NELSON AND ML QUAIFE. 1964. CHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY OF ALDRIN AND DIELDRIN IN RATS AND DOGS. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL. 2:
551-562.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ALDRIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ALLIDOCHLOR 000093-71-0
005838 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ALLIDOCHLOR. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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ALLYL ALCOHOL 000107-18-6
005839 CARPANINI FMB, IF GAUNT, J HARDY, ET AL. 1978. SHORT-TERM TOXICITY OF ALLYL ALCOHOL IN RATS. TOXICOLOGY. 9: 29-45.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ALLYL ALCOHOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEAITH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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ALLYL CHLORIDE 000107-05-1
010369 BOQUIN, L, D SHUWEl, Y AIRU, ET AL. 1982. STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF ALLYL CHLORIDE. ECOTOXICOL ENVIRON SAF. 6: 19-27.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ALLYL CHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ALUMINUM 007429-90-5
005162 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ALUMINUM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE 020859-73-8
010255 HACKENBURG U. 1972. CHRONIC INGESTION BY RATS OF STANDARD DIET TREATED WITH ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 23(1):
147-158.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
AMETRYN 000834-12-8
005841 CIBA-GEIGY CORPORATION. 1961. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 00034843. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO
FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR AMETRYN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, ON FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON. DC.
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AMINO-2-NAPHTHOL, 1- 002834-92-6
005842 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 1-AMINO-2-NAPHTOL AND 1-AMINO-2-NAPHTOL HYDROCHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE
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WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
AMINO-2-NAPHTOL HYDROCHLORIDE, 1- 001198-27-2
005843 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 1-AMINO-2-NAPHTOL AND 1-AMINO-2-NAPHTOL HYDROCHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE
OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID
WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
AMINOPHENOL, M- 000591-27-5
005844 RE TA, RF LOEHR, SC RODRIGUEZ, ET AL. 1984. RESULTS OF TERATOGENICITY TESTING OF N-AMINOPHENOL IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. FUND APPL
TOXICOL. 4(1): 98-104.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR AMINOPHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AMD EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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AMINOPHENOL, 0- 000095-55-6
005845 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR AMINOPHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID UASTE AI.D EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
AMINOPHENOL, P- 000123-30-8
005846 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR AMINOPHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID UASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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AMINOPYRIDINE, 4- 000504-24-5
005847 KOHN FE. 1968. FOUR-WEEK SUBACUTE ORAL TOXICITY OF COMPOUND 1861 HYDROCHLORIDE --ALBINO RATS. (UNPUBLISHED STUDY). PREPARED BY
INDUSTRIAL BIOTEST LABORATORIES, INC. UNDER 224-12. SUBMITTED BY PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO., BARTLESVILLE, W. COL: 229844-E.
US EPA. 1980. 4-AMINOPYRIDINE. AVITROL PESTICIDE REGISTRATION STANDARD. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS, US EPA,
WASHINGTON, DC. NTIS PB84-209907.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 4-AMINOPYRIDINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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AMMONIA 007664-41-7
005166 CAMPBELL CL, RK DAWES, S DEOLALKAR AND MC MERRITT. 1958. EFFECT OF CERTAIN CHEMICALS IN WATER ON THE FLAVOR OF BREWED COFFEE. FOCO
RES. 23: 575-579. CITED IN US EPA, 1981.
WHO (WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION). 1986. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA. 54. AMMONIA. WHO, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND.
US EPA. 1981. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERION FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH: AMMONIA. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER REGULATIONS AND
STANDARDS, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR AMMONIA. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
010392 HOLNESS DL, JT PURDHAM AND JR NETHERCOTT. 1989. ACUTE AND CHRONIC RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO AMMONIA. AMIND HYG
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ANILINE 000062-53-3
010370 OBERST FU, E HACKLEY, C COMSTOCK. 1956. CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ANILINE VAPOR (5PPM) BY INHALATION. ARCH INO HEALTH 13:379-384.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ANILINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. RfO/RfC WORK GROUP.
ANTHRACENE 000120-12-7
010166 US EPA. 1989. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY IN MICE WITH ANTHRACENE. FINAL REPORT. HAZELTON LABORATORIES AMERICA, INC. PREPARED FOR THE OFFICE
OF SOLID UASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR ANTHRACENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
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ANTIMONY PENTOXIDE 001314-60-9
005174 SCHROEDER HA, M MITCHENER AND AP MASON. 1970. ZIRCONIUM, NIOBIUM, ANTIMONY AND LEAD IN RATS: LIFE-TIME STUDIES. J. NUTR. 100: 59-66.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ANTIMONY AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ANTIMONY OXIDES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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ANTIMONY POTASSIUM TARTRATE 000304-61-0
005234 SCHROEDER HA, M MITCHENER AND AP NASON. 1970. ZIRCONIUM, NIOBIUM, ANTIMONY AND LEAD IN RATS: LIFE-TIME STUDIES. J. NUTR. 100: 59-69.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ANTIMONY AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ANTIMONY OXIDES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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ANTIMONY TETROXIDE 001332-81-6
005238 SCHROEDER HA, M MITCHENER AND AP NASON. 1970. ZIRCONIUM, NIOBIUM, ANTIMONY AND LEAD IN RATS: LIFE-TIME STUDIES. J. NUTR. 100: 59-69.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ANTIMONY AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ANTIMONY OXIDES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE 001309-64-4
005242 SCHROEDER HA, M MITCHENER AND AP NASON. 1970. ZIRCONIUM. NIOBIUM, ANTIMONY AND LEAD IN RATS: LIFE-TIME STUDIES. J. NUTR. 100: 59-69.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ANTIMONY AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ANTIMONY OXIDES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON g DC•
ANTIMONY, METALLIC 007440-36-0
005170 SCHROEDER HA, M MITCHENER AND AP NASON. 1970. ZIRCONIUM, NIOBIUM, ANTIMONY AND LEAD IN RATS: LIFE-TIME STUDIES. J. NUTR. 100: 59-66.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ANTIMONY AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ANTIMONY OXIDES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE.
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ARAMITE 000140-57-8
005849 OSER BL, N OSER. 1962. 2-(P-TERT-BUTYLPHENOXY)ISOPROPYL 2-CHLOROETHYL SULFITE (ARAMITE) II. CARCINOGENICITY. TOX1COL APPL PHARMACOL.
4: 70-88.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR ARAMITE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
005850 POPPER H, SS STERNBERG, BL OSER AND M OSER. 1960. THE CARCINOGENIC EFFECT OF ARAMITE IN RATS. CANCER. 13(5): 1035-1046.
OSER BL AND M OSER. 1962. 2-(P-TERT-BUTYLPHENOXY)ISOPROPYL 2-CHLOROETHYL SULFITE (ARAMITE). CARCINOGENICITY. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL.
4: 70-88.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR ARAMITE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
AROCHLOR1248 012672-29-6
010940 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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ARSENIC, INORGANIC 007440-38-2
010434 TSENG UP. 1977. EFFECTS AND DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS OF SKIN CANCER AND BLACKFOOT DISEASE WITH ARSENIC. ENVIRON. HEALTH PERSPECT.
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TSENG, UP, HN CHU, SU HOU, JM FONG, CS LIN, S YEH. 1968. PREVALENCE OF SKIN CANCER IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF CHRONIC ARSENICISM IN
TAIWAN. J. NATL. CANCER INST. 40: 453-463.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ATRAZINE 001912-24-9
010855 CIBA-GEIGY CORP. 1986. MRID NO 00141874, 00157875, 00158930, 40629302. HED DOC NO 005940, 006937. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI,
EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
CIBA-GEIGY CORP. AGRICULTURAL DIVISION. 1987. MRID NO 40431301, 41293801.HED DOC NO 006718, 006937, 007647. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE
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US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BARIUM 007440-39-3
010348 WONES, RG, BL STADLER, LA FROHMAN. 1990. LACK OF EFFECT OF DRINKING WATER BARIUM ON CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR. ENVIRON HEALTH
PERSPECT. 85: 1-13.
BRENNIMAN, GR, PS LEVY. 1984. HIGH BARIUM LEVELS IN PUBLIC DRINKING WATER AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH ELEVATED BLOOD PRESSURE. IN:
ADVANCES IN MODERN TOXICOLOGY IX, EJ CLALBRESE, ED. PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS, PRINCETON, NJ. P231-249.
US EPA. 1985. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR BARIUM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC. EXT REVIEW DRAFT.
FINAL DRAFT (ON PUBLIC COMMENT). NTIS PB 86-118031/AS.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BARIUM CYANIDE 000542-62-1
010941 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BENEFIN 001861-40-1
005852 ELI LILLY AND CO. 1972. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 00037678. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI,
EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BENEFIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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BENZAL CHLORIDE 000098-87-3
005853 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BENZAL CHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HbALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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BENZALDEHYDE 000100-52-7
005854 KLUUE WM, CA MONTGOMERY, HD GILES AND JD PREJEAU. 1983. ENCEPHALOPATHY IN RATS AND NEPHROPATHY IN RATS AND MICE AFTER SUBCHRONIC ORAL
EXPOSURE TO BENZALDEHYDE. FOOD CHEN TOXICOL. 21(3): 245-250.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BENZALDEHYDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BENZALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN 000532-28-5
005781 US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CYANOHYDRINS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
BENZENE 000071-43-2
010857 US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BENZENETHIOL / (THIOPHENOL) 000108-98-5
010942 AMERICAN BIOGENICS CORP. 1989. NINETY-DAY GAVAGE STUDY IN ALBINO RATS USING THIOPHENOL. PREPARED BY DYNAMAC CORP OF ROCKVILLE, MD FOR
THE US EPA OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE.
FAIRCHILD EJ AND HE STOKINGER. 1958. TOXICOLOGIC STUDIES ON ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS. 1. ACUTE TOXICITY OF SOME ALIPHATIC AND
AROMATIC THIOLS (MERCAPTANS). AM IND HYG ASSOC J. 19: 171-189.
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BENZIDINE 000092-87-5
005830 LITTLEFIELD NA, CJ NELSON AND CH FRITH. 1983. BENZIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE: TOXICOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS IN MICE DURING CHRONIC EXPOSURE.
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US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010877 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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BENZOIC ACID 000065-85-0
005260 FDA (FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION). 1973. EVALUATION OF THE HEALTH ASPECTS OF BENZOIC ACID AND SODIUM BENZOATE AS FOOD INGREDIENTS.
DHEU, WASHINGTON, DC. REPORT NO. SCOGS-7 NTIS PB-223 837/6. P.17.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR BENZOIC ACID. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BENZYL ALCOHOL 000100-51-6
005855 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1988. TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF BENZYL ALCOHOL (CAS NO 100-51-6) IN F344/NRATS AND
B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). NTP TECHNICAL REPORT, NTP TR 343. P 1-161.
005856 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1988. TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF BENZYL ALCOHOL (CAS NO 100-51-6) IN F344/NRATS AND
B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). NTP TECHNICAL REPORT, NTP TR 343. P 1-161.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR BENZYL ALCOHOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
BERYLLIUM 007440-41-7
005262 SCHROEDER HA AND M MITCKNER. 1975. LIFE-TERM STUDIES IN RATS: EFFECTS OF ALUMINUM, BARIUM, BERYLLIUM AND TUNGSTEN. J NUTR. 105:
421-427.
US EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR BERYLLIUM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BIPHEN YL, 1,1' 000092-52-4
005857 AMBROSE AM, AN BOOTH, F DE EDS AND AJ COS JR. 1960. A TOXICOLOGICAL STUDY OF BIPHENYL, A CITRUS FUNGISTAT. FOOD RES. 25: 328-336.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 1,1'-BIPHENYL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010878 US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
BIS(2-CHLOROISOPROPYL) ETHER 039638-32-9
010257 MITSUMORI 1C, T USUI, 1C TAKAHASHI, AND Y SHIRASU. 1979. TWENTY-FOUR MONTH CHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES OF DICHLOROOIISOPROPYL ETHER IN
MICE. NIPPON NOYAKU GAKKAISHI. 4(3): 323-335.
US EPA. 1989. RfO/RfC WORK GROUP.
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE / (DEHP) 000117-81-7
010859 CARPENTER, CP, CS WEIL AND HF SMYTH. 1953. CHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY OF DK2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE FOR RATS, GUINEA PIGS AND DOGS. ARCH
IND HYG OCC MED. 8: 219-226.
US EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT
OFFICE, OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BISPHENOL A 000080-05-7
005268 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1982. CARCINOGENESIS BIOASSAY OF BISPHENOL A IN F344 RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (FEED STUDY). NTP TECH
REP SER. NO. 80-35 NTIS PB 84-1555308 P. 192.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005266 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1982. CARCINOGENESIS BIOASSAY OF BISPHENOL A IN F344 RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (FEED STUDY). NTP TECH
REP SER. NO. 80-35 NTIS PB 84-1555308 P. 192.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR BISPHENOL A. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
BORON TRIFLUORIDE 007637-07-2
010395 RUSCH GM, GM HOFFMAN, RF MCCONNELL ET AL. 1986. INHALATION TOXICITY STUDIES WITH BORON TRIFLUORIDE. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 83:
69-78.
US EPA. 1991. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR BORON AND BORON COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
BORON, ELEMENTAL 007440-42-8
005272 WEIR RJ, JR AND RS FISHER. 1972. TOXICOLOGIC STUDIES ON BORAX AND BORIC ACID. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 23(3): 351-364.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BORON AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR BORON. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
005269 GARABRANT DH, L BERNSTEIN, JN PETERS ET AL. 1985. RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF BORAX DUST. BR J INO MED. 42: 831-837.
US EPA. 1991. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR BORON AND BORON COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
BROMINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS
005858 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMINATEO DIBENZOFURANS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
BROMINATED DIBENZOFURANS
005859 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMINATED DIBENZOFURANS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
BROMOACETONE 000598-31-2
005860 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMOACETONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
BROMOCHLOROETHANES
005861 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMOCHLOROETHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE 000075-27-4
005715 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1986. TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY STUDIES OF BROMODICHLOROMETHANE IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE
(GAVAGE STUDIES). NTP TECH REPORT, SER NO 321, NIH PUB NO 87-2537.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR TRIHALOGENATED METHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AKD ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC UORK GROUP.
BROMOETHENE / (VINYL BROMIDE) 000593-60-2
010929 BENYA TJ, UM BUSEY, MA DORATO AND PE BERTEAU. 1982. INHALATION CARCINOGENICITY BIOASSAY OF VINYL BROMIDE IN RATS. TOXICOL APPL
PHARMACOL. 64(3): 367-379.
BUSEY UM. 1979. ONCOGEN1C POTENTIAL OF VINYL BROMIDE DURING CHRONIC INHALATION EXPOSURE -- RATS: PATHOLOGY REPORT. EPA/OTS
8EHQ-0479-0281.
US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC UORK GROUP.
BROMOFORM 000075-25-2
005722 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1989. TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENICITY STUDIES OF TRIBROMOMETHANE AND BROMOFORM IN F344 RATS AND
B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). NTP-350.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR BROMOFORM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID UASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR TRIHALOGENATED METHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE Of HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
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US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC UORK GROUP.
010961 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC UORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
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BROMOMETHANE
010861 DANSE LH, F
PHARMACOL.
**
000074-83-9
DER HEIJDEN. 1984. METHYL BROMIDE: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS IN THE RAT FORESTOMACH. TOXICOL APPL
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE. WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL BROMIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR BROMOMETHANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF
HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER,
WASH I NGTON f DC •
010860 REU2EL, PGJ, CF KUPER, HC DREEF-VAN DER MEULEN, VMH HOLLANDERS. 1987. CHRONIC (29 MONTH) INHALATION TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY
STUDY OF METHYL BROMIDE IN RATS. REPORT NO. V86. 469/221044. NETHERLANDS ORGANIZATION FOR APPLIED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, DIVISION FOR
NUTRITION AND FOOD RESEARCH, TNO. EPA/OTS DOCUMENT #86-8700001202.
REUZEL. PGJ, HC DREEF-VANDER MEULEN, VMH HOLLANDERS, CF KUPER, VJ FERON, CA VAN DER HEIJDEN. 1991. CHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY AND
CARCINOGENICITY STUDY OF METHYL BROMIDE IN WISTAR RATS. FOOD CHEM. TOXICOL. 29(1): 31-39.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BROMOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER, 4- 0001 01 -55-3
005864 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 4-BROMOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE. WASHINGTON, DC.
BROMOPHOS 002104-96-3
005865 LEUSCHNER F, A LEUSCHNER AND E POPPE. 1967. CHRONISCHER REPRODUKTIONSVERSUCH UBER 3 GENERATIONEN AN WISTAR-RATTEN BEI FORTDAUERNER
VERABREICHUNG VON BROMOPHOS. REPORT CH BOEHRINGER SOHN. (UNPUBLISHED).
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMOPHOS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
BROMOXYNIL 001689-84-5
005866 UNION CARBIDE AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS, INC. 1982. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION. UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 00096521. AVAILABLE
FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMOXYNIL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BROMOXYNIL OCTANOATE 001689-99-2
005867 UNION CARBIDE AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS, INC. 1982. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 00096521. AVAILABLE
FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMOXYNIL OCTANOATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE A!JD EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BUSAN77 031512-74-0
005868 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BUSAN 77. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AN!) ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
BUSAN 90 002491-38-5
005869 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BUSAN 90. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
BUTANOL, 1- 000071-36-3
005870 US EPA. 1986. BUTANOL: RAT ORAL SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 1-BUTANOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE, N- 000085-68-7
005616 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1985. PROJECT NO 12307-02, -03. HAZELTON LABORATORIES AMERICA, INC, UNPUBLISHED STUDY.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR SELECTED PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS (PAE)S. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BUTYLATE 002008-41-5
005871 STAUFFER CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1987. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 4028910*. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE
TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BUTYLATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
BUTYLCHLORIDE, T- 000507-20-0
005810 US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR MONOCHLOROBUTANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
BUTYROLACTONE, GAMMA- 000096-48-0
005872 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BUTYROLACTONE, GAMMA. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
CACODYLIC ACID 000075-60-5
005873 NEES PO. 1968. REPORT ON CACODYLIC ACID TOXICITY TO ANIMALS. WISCONSIN ALUMNI RES FOUND. EPA PESTICIDE PETITION NO OF 0911.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CACODYLIC ACID. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CADMIUM 007440-43-9
005280 US EPA. 1985. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT ON CADMIUM. OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC. FINAL DRAFT.
US EPA. 1980. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR CADMIUM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS, WASHINGTON, DC.
EPA-440/5-80-025.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
CALCIUM CYANIDE 000592-01-8
010258 HOWARD JW AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. AGRIC FOOD CHEM. 3: 325-329.
PHILBRICK DJ, JB HOPKINS, DC HILL, JC ALEXANDER AND RG THOMSON. 1979. EFFECTS OF PROLONGED CYANIDE AND THIOCYANATE FEEDING IN RATS. J
TOXICOL ENVIRON HEALTH. 5: 579-592.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
CAPROLACTAM 000105-60-2
005284 SEROTA DG, AM HOBERMAN AND SC GAD. 1984. A THREE GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY WITH CAPROLACTAM IN RATS. PROC SYMP INO APPROACH CHEM
RISK ASSESSMENT: CAPROLACTAM RELAT COMPD CASE STUDY 191-204 IND, HEALTH FOUND PITTSBURGH, PA.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CAPROLACTAM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005282 POWERS WJJ. JC PECKHAM, KM SI1NO AND SC GAD. 1984. EFFECTS OF SUBCHRONIC DIETARY CAPROLACTAM ON RENAL FUNCTION. PROC SYMP IND
APPROACH CHEM RISK ASSESSMENT. CAPROLACTAM RELAT COMPD CASE STUDY 77-96 IND HEALTH FOUND, PITTSBURGH, PA.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CAPROLACTAM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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CAPTAFOL 002425-06-1
005874 ORTHO-CHEVRON CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1985. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. ACCESSION NC 260671, MRID NO. 00149488,
00155196. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CAPTAFOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AUD ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RFD/RFC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CAFTAN 000133-06-2
005875 CHEVRON CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1982. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 00125293. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO
FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
STAUFFER CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1982. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 00120315. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. MITE
TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CAPTAN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
CARBARYL 000063-25-2
005876 CARPENTER CP, CU WEIL, PE POL IN, ET AL. 1961. MAMMALIAN TOXICITY OF 1-NAPHTHYL-N-METHYLCARBAMATE (SEVIN INSECTICIDE). J AGRIC FOOD
CHEM. 9: 30-39.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CARBARYL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010882 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
CARBOFURAN 001563-66-2
005877 FMC CORPORATION. 1983. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. ACCESSION NO 250740-250755, MRID NO. 00129507. AVAILABLE
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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CHLORAL 000075-87-6
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US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
CHLORDANE 000057-74-9
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010261 HOWARD JW AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. AGRIC FOOD CHEM. 3: 325-329.
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010515 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1988. SUBCHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY STUDY OF CHLOROPRENE IN MICE AND RATS. CONDUCTED BY
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1 : SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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CHLOROANILINE, 3- 000108-42-9
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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CHLOROBENZENE 000108-90-7
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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CHLOROBUTANE, 2- 000078-86-4
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CHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 041851-50-7
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005372 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED CYCLOPENTIDIENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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010436 EXON JH, LD KOELLER. 1982. EFFECTS OF TRANSPLACENTAL EXPOSURE TO CHLORINATED PHENOLS. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT. 46: 137-140.
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CHLOROPHENOL, 4- 000106-48-9
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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005885 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CHRYSENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
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COPPER 007440-50-8
005374 US EPA. 1987. DRINKING UATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR COPPER. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.
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COPPER CYANIDE 000544-92-3
010262 US EPA. 1986. 90 DAY ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF COPPER CYANIDE. OFFICE OF SOLID UASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, UASHINGTON. DC.
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CRESOL, M- / (3-METHYLPHENOL) 000108-39-4
005380 US EPA. 1986. 0,M,P-CRESOL. 90-DAY ORAL SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES IN RATS. OFFICE OF SOLID UASTE, UASHINGTON, DC.
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CRESOL, 0- / (2-METHYLPHENOL) 000095-48-7
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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CRESOL, P- / (4-METHYLPHENOL) 000106-44-5
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010890 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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005908 MONSANTO COMPANY. 1986. ONE MONTH STUDY OF CUMENE VAPOR ADMINISTERED TO MALE AND FEMALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS BY INHALATION. US EPA/OTS
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US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CUMENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
CYANAZINE 021725-46-2
010411 El DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, INC. 1986. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 40081901 AND 40229001.
AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CYANAZINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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CYANIDE 000057-12-5
005396 HOWARD JU AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. J AGRIC FOOD CHEN. 3: 325-329.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR CYANIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR CYANIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
CYANOGEN 000460-19-5
010263 HOWARD JW AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. AGRIC FOOD CHEN. 3: 325-329.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
CYANOGEN BROMIDE 000506-68-3
010264 HOWARD JW AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. AGRIC FOOD CHEM. 3: 325-329.
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CYCLOATE 001134-23-2
005886 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CYCLOATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
CYCLOHEXANOL 000108-93-0
005887 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CYCLOHEXANOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
R1-28
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
CYCLOHEXYLAMINE 000108-91-8
005400 GAUNT IF, J HARDY, P GRASSO, SO GANGOLLI AND KR BUTTERUORTH. 1976. LONG-TERM TOXICITY OF CYCLOHEXYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN THE RAT.
FOOD COSMET TOXICOL. 14(4): 255-268.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CYCLOHEXYLAMINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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005398 GAUNT IF, M SHARRATT, PG GRASSO, AB LANSDOUN AND SD GANGOLLI. 1974. SHORT-TERM TOXICITY OF CYCLOHEXYLAMINE HCL IN THE RAT. FOOD
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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CYCLOPENTADIENE 000542-92-7
010494 DOW. 1987. UNPUBLISHED DATA. DOW CHEMICAL. USA, MIDLAND, MI.
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EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DACTHAL 001861-32-1
005888 DIAMOND SHAMROCK AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS. 1963. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 00083584. AVAILABLE
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DALAPON 000075-99-0
005889 PAYNTER OE, TW TUSING, DO MCCOLLISTER AND VK ROUE. 1960. TOXICOLOGY OF DALAPON SODIUM (2,2-DICHLOROPROPIONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT). J
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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DDT 000050-29-3
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LEVELS OF 1-50 PPM DDT. J PHARMACOL EXP THERAP. 98: 268-273.
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DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER 001163-19-5
005891 KOCIBA RJ, LO FRAUSON, CG HUMISTON, ET AL. 1975. RESULTS OF A TWO-YEAR DIETARY FEEDING STUDY WITH DECABROMODIPHENYL OXIDE (DCDPO) IN
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DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE 000117-84-0
010275 PIEKACZ H. 1971. EFFECT OF DIOCTYL AND DIBUTYL PHTHALATES ON THE ORGANISM OF RATS AFTER ORAL ADMINISTRATION IN PROLONGED EXPERIMENT.
II. SUBACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY. ROCZ PANSTW ZAKL HIG. 22(3): 295-307.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR PHTHALIC ACID, ALKYL, ARYL, AND ALKYL/ARYL ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE
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DIAZINON 000333-41-5
005892 DAVIES DB AND BJ HOLUB. 1979. COMPARATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF MALE AND FEMALE RATS TO DIETARY DIAZINON TOXICITY. J NUTR. 109(6):
XXVI11.
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DAVIES DB AND BJ HOLUB. 1980. TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DIETARY DIAZINON IN THE RAT. ARCH ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL. 9(6): 637-650.
US EPA? 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIAZINON. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DIBENZOFURAN 000132-64-9
005409 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DIBENZOFURAN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1 : SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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DIBROMOBENZENE, 1 ,4- 0001 06-37-6
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L • %c\ 1 / • 1OV™ iVO^
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMOBENZENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASH I NGTON f DC •
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. «
DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE 000124-48-1
005894 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1985. TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF CHLORODIBROMOMETHANE IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE
(GAVAGE STUDIES). NTP TR282. NTIS PB86-166675.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR BROMOCHLOROMETHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIBROMOETHANE, 1 ,2- 0001 06-93-4
010854 RATCLIFFE JM, SM SCHRADER, K STEENLAND, DE CLAPP, T TURNER AND RW HORNUNG. 1987. SEMEN QUALITY IN PAPAYA WORKERS WITH LONG-TERM
EXPOSURE TO ETHYLENE BROMIDE. BR J IND MED. 44: 317-326.
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CHRONIC EXPOSURE. REPROD TOXICOLOGY. 2: 191-198.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DIBUTYL PHTHALATE 000084-74-2
005622 SMITH CC. 1953. TOXICITY OF BUTYL STEARATE, DIBUTYL SEBACATE, DIBUTYL PHTHALATE AND METHOXYETHYL OLEATE. ARCH HYG OCCUP MED. 7:
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US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR SELECTED PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS (PAE)S. PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT
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US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010892 US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICAMBA 001918-00-9
010945 GOLDENTHAL, El, DC JESSUP AND DE RODWELL. 1978. TERATOLOGY STUDY IN RABBITS: IRDC NO. 163-436. (UNPUBLISHED STUDY RECEIVED MARCH 6,
1979 UNDER 876-36. PREPARED BY INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CORP., SUBMITTED BY VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORP., CHICAGO, IL.
CDL:237995-E). CITED AS VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION (1978) IN U.S. EPA (1993). MRID 00028236. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI,
EPA. WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR DICAMBA. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH
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US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2- 000095-50-1
010864 US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,3- 000541-73-1
005414 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DICHLOROBENZENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,4- 000106-46-7
010840 CHLOROBENZENE PRODUCERS ASSN. 1986. PARADICHLOROBENZENE: TWO-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. STUDY
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NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1987. TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF 1,4-DICHLOROBENZENE IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE
(GAVAGE STUDIES). NTP TR 319. NIH PUBL NO 87-2575.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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DICHLOROBUTENES
005415 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR DICHLOROBUTENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE 000075-71-8
005498 SHERMAN H. 1974. LONG-TERM FEEDING STUDIES IN RATS AND DOGS WITH DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE (FREON 12 FOOD FREEZANT). HASKELL LABORATORY
REPORT NO 24-74, UNPUBLISHED, COURTESY DU PONT DE NEMOURS CO.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR FULLY HALOGENATED METHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
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US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005496 CLAYTON WJ, JR. 1967. FLUOROCARBON TOXICITY AND BIOLOGICAL ACTION. FLUORINE CHEM REV. 1(2): 197-252.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR FULLY HALOGENATED METHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
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DICHLOROETHANE, 1,1- 000075-34-3
005790 HOFMANN HT, H BIRNSTIEL AND P JOBST. 1971. ON THE INHALATION TOXICITY OF 1,1- AND 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE. ARCH TOXIKOL. 27: 248-265.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,1- 000075-35-4
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ON INGESTED VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE. FUND APPL TOXICOL. 3(1): 55-62.
US EPA. 1988. UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE (VINYLIDINE CHLORIDE). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2- (MIXED ISOMERS) 000540-59-0
010509 QUAST, JF, CG HUMISTON, CE WADE, ET AL. 1983. A CHRONIC TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY STUDY IN RATS AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY IN DOGS
ON INGESTED VINYLIDINE CHLORIDE. FUND APPL TOXICOL. 3: 55-62.
US EPA. 1991. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2-C- 000156-59-2
005420 MCCAULEY PT, M ROBINSON, LW CONDIE, ET AL. NO DATE. THE EFFECTS OF SUBACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC ORAL EXPOSURE TOCIS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE
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DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2-T- 000156-60-5
005895 BARNES DU, UM SANDERS, KL SHITE JR, ET AL. 1985. TOXICOLOGY OF TRANS-1.2-DICHLOROETHYLENE IN THE MOUSE. DRUG CHEM TOXICOL. 8:
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3- 000576-24-9
005315 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4- 000120-83-2
005314 EXON JH, AND LD KOLLER. 1985. TOXICITY OF 2-CHLOROPHENOL,2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL AND 2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL. IN: WATER CHLORINATION: CHEM,
ENVIRON IMPACT AND HEALTH EFF, JOLLEY ET AL., ED. VOL. 5.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 2-CHLOROPHENOL AND 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
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US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,5- 000583-78-8
005316 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,6- 000087-65-0
005317 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLOROPHENOL, 3,4- 000095-77-2
005318 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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DICHLOROPHENOL, 3,5- 000591-35-5
005319 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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DICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID, 2,4- 000094-75-7
010265 DOW CHEMICAL CO. 1983. ACC NO. 251473.
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DICHLOROPHENOXY) BUTYRIC ACID, 4-{2,4- / (2,4-DB) 000094-82-6
005890 RHODIA INC. 1969. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO. 0092165. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA,
WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2,4-DB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,1- 000078-99-9
005897 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DICHLOROPROPANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2- 000078-87-5
005898 NITSCHKE KD, KA JOHNSON, DL UACKERLE, JE PHILLIPS, DA DITTENBER. 1988. PROPYLENE DICHLORIDE: A 13 WEEK INHALATION TOXICITY STUDY WITH
RATS, MICE AND RABBITS. DOW CHEMICAL CO, MAMMALIAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH LABORATORY, MIDLAND, MI.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DICHLOROPROPANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Harch 1994
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,3- 000142-28-9
005899 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DICHLOROPROPANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DICHLOROPROPANE, 2,2- 000594-20-7
005900 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DICHLOROPROPANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DICHLOROPROPENE, 1,3- / (TELONE II) 000542-75-6
005901 DOW CHEMICAL CO. 1973. MRID NOS. 00067977, 0039684. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, PC 20460.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE. PREPARED BY THE
OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER.
WASHINGTON, DC.
010351 LOMAX, LG, WT STOTT, KA JOHNSON. ET AL. 1989. THE CHRONIC TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY OF INHALED TECHNICAL-GRADE 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE IN
RATS AND MICE. FUND APPL TOXICOL. 10: 214.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLORPROP 000120-36-5
005896 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DICHLOROPROP. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DICYCLOPENTADIENE 000077-73-6
005425 LITTON BIONETICS, INC. 1980. MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DIMP AND DCPD, (PHASE 2). LITTON BIONETICS, INC., KENSINGTON, MD
CONTRACT DAMB. 17-77-C-7003. NTIS AD-A082685.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CYCLOPENTADIENE AND DICYCLOPENTADIENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE. WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DIELDRIN 000060-57-1
005429 WALKER AIT, DE STEVENSON, J ROBINSON, ET AL. 1969. THE TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACODYNANICS OF DIELDRIN (HEOD): TWO-YEAR ORAL EXPOSURE OF
RATS AND DOGS. TOXICOL APPL PNARHACOL. 15: 345-373.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIETHYL PHTHALATE 000084-66-2
005620 BROWN D, KR BUTTERUORTH, IF GAUNT ET AL. 1978. SHORT-TERMORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF DIETHYL PHTHALATE IN THE RAT. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL.
16: 415-422.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR SELECTED PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
U.S. EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS (PAE)S. PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND
ASSESSMENT OFFICE, OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF DRIKKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIETHYL-P-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHATE 000311-45-5
005922 US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AMD ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR DIETHYL-P-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DIETHYLANILINE, N,N- 000091-66-7
005903 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR N.N-DIETHYLANILINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 000112-34-5
005482 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR GLYCOL ETHERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
EPA 540/1-86-052.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER 000111 -90-0
005478 SMYTH HF, CP CARPENTER AND CB SHAFFER. 1964. A 2-YEAR STUDY OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER IN RATS. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL. 2:
641-642.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR GLYCOL ETHERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
EPA 540/1-86-052.
005476 HALL DE, FS LEE, P AUSTIN AND FA FAIRUEATHER. 1966. SHORT-TERM FEEDING STUDY WITH DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER IN RATS. FOOD
COSMET TOXICOL. 4: 263.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR GLYCOL ETHERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
EPA 540/1-86-052.
DIETHYLFORMAMIDE 000617-84-5
010437 ARGUS MF. JC ARCOS AND C HOCH-LIGETI. 1965. THE CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY OF PROTEIN-DENATURING AGENTS: HEPATOCARCINOGENICITY OF DIOXANE.
J. NATL CANCER INST. 35: 949-958.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIETHYLFORMAMIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DIETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 001615-80-1
005921 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 1,2-DIETHYLHYDRAZINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DIMETHOATE 000060-51-5
005923 AMERICAN CYANAMID COMPANY. 1986. MRID NO 00164177. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIMETHOATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIMETHYLANILINE, N,N- 000121-69-7
005924 ABDO K. M WOLFE AND R HILES. 1984. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF N.N-DIMETHYLANILINE TO F-344 RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE. FED PROC. 43(3): 1698.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR N.N-DIMETHYLANILINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE, N,N- 000068-12-2
005925 BECCI, PJ, KA VOSS, UD JOHNSON, ET AL. 1983. SUBCHRONIC FEEDING STUDY OF N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE IN RATS AND NICE. J AM COLL TOXICOL.
2(6): 371-378.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
010352 CIRLA, AM, G PISATI, E INVERNIZZI ET AL. 1984. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON WORKERS EXPOSED TO LOW DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE CONCENTRATIONS. G
ITAL MED LAV. 6: 149-156.
CATENACCI, G, D GRAMPELLA, R TERZI, ET AL. 1984. HEPATIC FUNCTION IN SUBJECTS EXPOSED TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS OF DMF LOWER
THAN THE ACTUALLY PROPOSED TLV. G ITAL MED LAV. 6: 157-158.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,3- 000526-75-0
005926 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIMETHYLPHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,4- 000105-67-9
010266 US EPA. 1989. NINETY-DAY GAVAGE STUDY IN ALBINO MICE USING 2,4-DIMETHYLPHENOL. STUDY 410-2831, PREPARED BY DYNAMAC CORPORATION,
ROCKVILLE, MO, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIMETHYLPHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,5- 000095-87-4
005928 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIMETHYLPHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,6- 000576-26-1
005431 VELDRE IA AND HJ JANES. 1979. TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SHALE OILS, SOME OF THEIR COMPONENTS AND COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS. ENVIRON HEALTH
PERSPECT. 30: 141-146.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DIMETHYLPHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 3,4- 000095-65-8
005437 VELDRE IA AND HJ JANES. 1979. TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SHALE OILS, SOME OF THEIR COMPONENTS AND COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS. ENVIRON HEALTH
PERSPECT. 30: 141-146.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DIMETHYLPHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIMETHYLPHTHALATE 000131-11-3
010267 LEHMAN AJ. 1955. INSECT REPELLANTS. ASSOC FOOD DRUG OFFICE, US QUART BULL. 19: 87.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR PHTHALIC ACID, ALKYL, ARYL, AND ALKYL/ARYL ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE
OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE
AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
010894 US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIMETHYLTEREPHTHALATE 000120-61-6
005930 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1979. BIOASSAY OF DIMETHYL TEREPHTHALATE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. DHEW/PUB/NIH 79-1376,
NCI-CG-TR121.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIMETHYL AND METHYL TEREPHTHALATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DIMETHYLUREA, N,N- 000598-94-7
005931 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR N.N-DIMETHYLUREA. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE.
WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITRO-0-CRESOL, 4,6- 000534-52-1
010470 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROCRESOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITRO-P-CRESOL, 2,6- 000609-93-8
005934 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2,6-DINITRO-P-CRESOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DINITROBENZENE, 1,2- 000528-29-0
010201 CODY TE, S UITHERUP, L HASTINGS, K STEMMER AND RT CHRISTIAN. 1981. 1,3-OINITROBENZENE: TOXIC EFFECT IN VIVO AND IN VITRO. J TOXICOL
ENVIRON HEALTH. 7(5): 829-847.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROBENZENES (0-, M-, P-). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITROBENZENE, 1,3- 000099-65-0
010471 CODY TE, S WITHERUP, L HASTINGS, K STEMMER AND RT CHRISTIAN. 1981. 1,3-DINITROBENZENE. TOXIC EFFECT IN VIVO AND IN VITRO. J TOXICOL
ENVIRON HEALTH. 7(5): 829-847.
US EPA. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DINITROBENZENE, 1,4- 000100-25-4
010202 CODY TE, S WITHERUP, L HASTINGS, 1C STEMMER AND RT CHRISTIAN. 1981. 1,3-DINITROBENZENE: TOXIC EFFECT IN VIVO AND IN VITRO. J TOXICOL
ENVIRON HEALTH. 7(5): 829-847.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROBENZENES (0-, M-, P-). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITROPHENOL, 2,3- 000066-56-8
005936 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROPHENOLS (SELECTED). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITROPHENOL, 2,4- 000051-28-5
010438 HORNER WD. 1942. DINITROPHENOL AND ITS RELATION TO FORMATION OF CATARACTS. ARCH OPHTHALMOL. 27: 1097-1121.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROPHENOLS (SELECTED). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON DC.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010895 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DINITROPHENOL, 2,5- 000329-71-5
005937 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROPHENOLS (SELECTED). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE Of SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DINITROPHENOL, 2,6- 000573-56-8
005938 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIHITROPHEMOLS (SELECTED). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITROPHENOL, 3,5- 000586-11 -8
005939 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROPHENOLS (SELECTED). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,3- 000602-01-7
005940 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROTOLUENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,4 000121-14-2
005941 ELLIS HV, CB HONG, CC LEE, ET AL. 1985. SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES OF 2,4-DINITROTOLUENE. PART I. BEAGLE DOGS. J AM
COLLEGE TOXICOL. 4(4): 233-242.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROTOLUENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,4- 000121-14-2
010896 US EPA. 1990. RfC WORK GROUP.
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,5- 000619-15-8
005942 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROTOLUENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,6- 000606-20-2
005943 LEE C-C ET AL. 1976. MAMMALIAN TOXICITY OF MUNITIONS COMPOUNDS. PHASE II: EFFECTS OF MULTIPLE DOSES. PART III: 2,6-DITINROTOLUENE. US
ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMAND, FORT DETRICK, MD.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROTOLUENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DINITROTOLUENE, 3,4- 000610-39-9
005944 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINITROTOLUENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DINOSEB 000088-85-7
005945 DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1981. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION. UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO 00152675. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI,
EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DINOSEB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIPHENYLAMINE, N.N- 000122-39-4
005946 THOMAS JO, WE RIBELIN, JR WOODWARD AND F DEEDS. 1967. THE CHRONIC TOXICITY OF DIPHENYLAMINE FOR DOGS. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 11:
184-194.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR N.N-DIPHENYLAMINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DIRECT LIGHTFAST BLUE 004399-55-7
005947 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIRECT LIGHTFAST BLUE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DISULFOTON 000298-04-4
010412 MOBAY CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1985. MRID NO. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1990. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR DISULFOTON. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ENDOSULFAN 000115-29-7
010926 HOECHST CELANESE CORP. 1989. ENDOSULFAN: 2-YEAR FEEDING/ONCOGENICITV STUDY IN RATS. NRID NO. 40256502, 42099502. HED DOC. NO. 007937.
AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010938 HOECHST CELANESE CORP. 1989. ENDOSULFAN: 1-YEAR FEEDING STUDY IN DOGS. MRID. NO 41099501. HED NO. 007937. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE
TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ENDOTHALL 000145-73-3
005948 PENNWALT AGCHEM. ND MRID NO 00101735. AVAILABLE FROM US EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR ENDOTHALL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ENDRIN 000072-20-8
005445 VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION. 1969. MRID NO. 00030198. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR ENDRIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ENDRIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
EPICHLOROHYDRIN 000106-89-8
010440 LASKIN S, AR SELLAKUMAR, M KUSCHNER, ET AL. 1980. INHALATION CARCINOGENICITY OF EPICHLOROHYDRIN IN NON-INBRED SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. J
NATL CANCER INST. 65(4): 751-757.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR EPICHLOROHYDRIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC. EPA 600/8-83-032F. NTIS PB85-132363.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010492 QUAST JF, JW HENCK, BJ POSTMA, DJ SCHUETZ AND MJ MCKENNA.1979. EPICHLOROHYDRIN - SUBCHRONIC STUDIES. I. A 90-DAY INHALATION STUDY IN
LABORATORY RODENTS. (FISCHER 344 RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE). DOW CHEMICAL USA, MIDLAND, MI.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
EPTC 000759-94-4
005959 PPG INDUSTRIES, INC. 1986. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION: UNPUBLISHED STUDY. ACCESSION NO. 263695, 262696. MRID NO. 00161597.
AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR EPTC. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHOPROP 013194-48-4
005951 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ETHOPROP. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2- 000111 -15-9
010507 UNION CARBIDE. 1984. A TERATOGENIC EVALUATION OF CELLOSOLVE ACETATE IN FISHER 344 RATS AND NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS FOLLOWING
INHALATION EXPOSURE. BUSHY RUN RESEARCH CENTER, EXPORT, PA, OCTOBER 1984. FYI-AX-1184-0360.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-ETHOXYETHANOL ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHOXYETHANOL ACRYLATE, 2- 000106-74-1
005953 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-ETHOXYETHANOL ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHOXYETHANOL DODECANOATE, 2- 000106-13-8
005956 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-ETHOXYETHANOL ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHOXYETHANOL PHOSPHATE, 2- 068554-00-7
005955 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-ETHOXYETHANOL ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ETHOXYETHANOL, 2- 000110-80-5
005470 MELNICIC RL. 1984. TOXICITIES OF ETHVLENE GLYCOL AND ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER IN FISCHER 344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE. ENVIRON
HEALTH PERSPECT. 57: 147-155.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-ETHOXY-ETHANOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID UASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
005468 STENGER EG, A LISLOTT, D MUELLER ET AL. 1971. TOXICOLOGY OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER. ARZNEIM-FORSCH. 21(6): 880-885.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR GLYCOL ETHERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID UASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
EPA 540/1-86-052.
010441 BARBEE SJ, JB TERRILL, DJ DESOUSA AND CC CON AWAY. 1984. SUBCHRONIC INHALATION TOXICOLOGY OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER IN THE
RAT AND RABBIT. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT. 57: 157-163.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR GLYCOL ETHERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
EPA 540/1-86-052.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ETHOXYETHYL METHACRYLATE, 2- 002370-63-0
005954 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-ETHOXYETHANOL ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHYL ACETATE 000141 -78-6
005957 US EPA. 1986. RAT ORAL SUBCHRONIC STUDY WITH ETHYL ACETATE. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ETHYL ACETATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ETHYL BENZENE 000100-41 -4
010867 WOLF MA. VK ROWE. DO MCCOLLISTER, RL HOLLINGSWORTH AND F OYEN. 1956. TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CERTAIN ALKYLATED BENZENE AND BENZENES.
AMA ARCH IND HEALTH. 14: 387-398. CITED IN US EPA, 1985.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ETHYLBENZENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ETHYLBENZENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
UASHIMGTONf DC•
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010866 ANDREW FD, RL BUSHCOHBOM, WC CANNON, ET AL. 1981. TERATOLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF ETHYLBENZENE AND 2-ETHOXYETKANOL. BATTELLE PACIFIC
NORTHWEST LABORATORY, RICHLAND, WA. NTIS PB83-208074. P 108.
HARDIN BO, GP BOND, MR SIKOV, ET AL. 1981. TESTING OF SELECTED WORKPLACE CHEMICALS FOR TERATOGENIC POTENTIAL. SCANOJ WORK ENVIRON
HEALTH. 7: 66-75.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ETHYL CHLORIDE 000075-00-3
010371 SCORTICHINI BH, KA JOHNSON, JJ MOMANY-PFRUENDER ET AL. 1986. ETHYL CHLORIDE: INHALATION TERATOLOGY STUDY IN CF-1 MICE. DOW CHEMIOL
CO. EPA 86-870002248.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ETHYL ETHER 000060-29-7
010396 AMERICAN BIOGENICS CORP. 1986. 90-DAY GAVAGE STUDY IN RATS USING ETHYL ETHER. STATUS REPORT FOR ABC STUDY NO. 410-2343
3/18/86.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ETHYL ETHER. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF
SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE. WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ETHYL METHACRYLATE 000097-63-2
005961 BORZELLECA JF, PS LARSON, GR HENNIGAR, ET AL. 1964. STUDIES ON THE CHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY OF MONOMER1C ETHYL ACRYLATE AND METHYL
METHACRYLATE. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 6: 29-36.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ETHYL METHACRYLATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ETHYL-0-XYLENE, 4- 000934-80-5
010472 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE FOR METHYLEWL BENZENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHYLANILINE, N- 000103-69-5
005958 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR N-ETHYLANILINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN 000109-78-4
005780 SAUERHOFF MU, WH BRAUN, JC RAMSEY ET AL. 1976. TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION AND PHARMACOKINETIC PROFILE OF B-HYDROXYPROPIONITRILE IN
RATS. J. TOXICOL. ENVIRON. HEALTH. 2(1): 31-44.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CYANOHYDRINS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHYLENE DIAMINE 000107-15-3
005796 YANG RS, RH CARMAN, RR MARONPOT, ET AL. 1983. ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF ETHYLENEDIAMINE IN LABORATORY ANIMALS. APPL TOXICOL.
3(6): 512-520.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR ETHYLENEDIAMINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
010898 US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 000107-21-1
005454 DEPASS LR, RH CARMAN, MD WOODSIDE ET AL. 1986. CHRONIC TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY STUDIES OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL IN RATS AND MICE. FUND
APPL TOXICOL. 7: 547-565.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005452 MARONPOT RR, JP ZELENAK, EV WEAVER AND NJ SMITH. 1983. TERATOGENICITY STUDY OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL IN RATS. DRUG CHEM TOXICOL. 6(6):
579-594.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ETHYLENE GLYCOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 000111 -76-2
010353 DODD DE, UM SNELLINGS, RR MAROMPOT, ET AL. 1983. ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER: ACUTE, 9-DAY AND 90-DAY VAPOR INHALATION STUDIES IN
FISCHER 344 RATS. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 68: 405-414.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ETHYLENE THIOUREA 000096-45-7
010397 GRAHAM SL. KJ DAVIS, UN HANSEN AND CH GRAHAM. 1975. EFFECTS OF PROLONGED ETHYLENE THIOUREA INGESTION ON THE THYROID OF THE RAT. FOOD
COSMET TOXICOL. 13: 493-499.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010899 US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ETHYLTOLUENE, M- 000620-14-4
005963 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL ETHYL BENZENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHYLTOLUENE, O- 000611 -14-3
005962 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL ETHYL BENZENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHYLTOLUENE, P- 000622-96-8
005964 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL ETHYL BENZENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
FLUORANTHENE 000206-44-0
010168 US EPA. 1988. 13-WEEK MOUSE ORAL SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY. PREPARED BY TOXICITY RESEARCH LABORATORIES, LTD, MUSKEGON, MI FOR THE
OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
FLUORENE 000086-73-7
010169 US EPA. 1989. MOUSE ORAL SUBCHRONIC STUDY. PREPARED BY TOXICITY RESEARCH LABORATORIES, LTD, MUSKEGON, Ml, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID
WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR FLUORENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
FLUORINE / (SOLUBLE FLUORIDE) 007782-41 -4
005965 HODGE HC. 1950. THE CONCENTRATION OF FLUORIDES IN DRINKING WATER TO GIVE THE POINT OF MINIMUM CARIES WIiH MAXIMUM SAFETY. J.AM. DENT.
ASSOC. 40: 436.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR FLUORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
FLURIDONE 059756-60-4
005966 ELANCO PRODUCTS COMPANY, DIVISION OF ELI LILLY AND COMPANY. 1980. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. ACCESSION NOS
070933, 070939. MRID NO. 00103251, 00103305. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR FLURIDONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
FOLPET 000133-07-3
005967 CHEVRON CHEMICAL CORPORATION. 1986. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. ACCESSION NO 263772. MRID NO. 00161315.
AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR FOLPET. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RFD/RFC WORK GROUP.
FORMALDEHYDE 000050-00-0
010398 TIL HP, RA WOUTERSEN, VJ FERON ET AL. 1989. TWO-YEAR DRINKING WATER STUDY OF FORMALDEHYDE IN RATS. FOOD CHEM TOXICOL. 27: 77-87.
US EPA. 1989. DRAFT DRINKING WATER HEALTH ADVISORY FOR FORMALDEHYDE. OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
FORMALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN 000107-16-4
005782 US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CYANOHYDRINS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
FORMIC ACID 000064-18-6
010268 MALORNY G. 1969. ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF FORMIC ACID AND FORMATE. Z ERNACHRUNGSWISS. 9: 332-339.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
FUR AN 000110-00-9
005462 SRI (SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE). 1982. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY REPORT ON FURAN (C56202) IN B6C3F1 NICE. PREPARED FOR NATIONAL
TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM UNDER CONTRACT NO. 1-CP-95641-01, BETHESDA, MD.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR FURAN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE. WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
FURFURAL 000098-01-1
005466 SRI (SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE). 1981. 90 DAY RAT REPORT. UNPUBLISHED STUDY PERFORMED FOR NTP.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
GLYCIDALDEHYDE 000765-34-4
005968 HINE CH, RJ GUZMAN, MK DUNLAP, R LIMA AND GS LOQUVAM. 1961. STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF GLVCIDALDEHYDE. ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH. 2: 23-30.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR GLYCIDALDEHYDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
HEFTACHLOR 000076-44-8
005506 VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORP. 1955. MRID NO 00062599. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 001024-57-3
010399 DOW CHEMICAL CO. 1958. MRID NO 00061912. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
HEPTANE, N- 000142-82-5
005969 US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR N HEPTANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
HEXABROMOBENZENE 000087-82-1
005970 MENDOZA CE, HM VIJAY, JB SHIELDS AND GW LAVER. 1977. EFFECTS OF HEXABROMOBENZENE ON THE MALE RAT. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 41:
127-130.
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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HEXACHLOROBENZENE 000118-74-1
010868 ARNOLD, DL, CA HOODIE, SM CHARBONNEAU ET AL. 1985. LONG-TERN TOXICITY OF HEXACHLOROBENZENE IN THE RAT AND THE EFFECT OF DIETARY
VITAMIN A. FOOD CHEM TOXICOL. 23(9): 779-793.
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010900 US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE 000087-68-3
010927 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1991. NTP REPORT ON THE TOXICITY STUDIES OF HEXACHLORO-1.3-BUTADIENE IN B6C3F1 MICE (FEED
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HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, DELTA- 000319-86-8
010495 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, EPSILON- 006108-10-7
010496 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICt OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, GAMMA- 000058-89-9
005537 ZOECON CORPORATION. 1983. MRID NO 00128356. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
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010903 US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 000077-47-4
005299 ABDO, KM, CA MONTGOMERY, UM KLUWE ET AL. 1984. TOXICITY OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE: SUBCHRONIC (13-WEEK) ADMINISTRATION BY GAVAGE
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010445 ABDO, KM, CA MONTGOMERY, J ROYCROFT, HA RAGAN, RA RENNE, WE GIDOINS. 1986. SUBCHRONIC (13-WEEK) OINHALATION TOXCICITY OF
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IN RATS. SUBMITTED TO THE NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM.
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RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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HEXACHLOROETHANE 000067-72-1
005518 GORZINSKI, SJ, RJ NOLAN, SB MCCOLLISTER, ET AL. 1985. SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND CLEARANCE OF HEXACHLOROETHANE
IN THE RAT. DRUG CHEM TOXICOL. 8(3): 155-169.
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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010904 US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
HEXACHLOROPHENE 000070-30-4
005972 NATIONWIDE CHEMICAL CORPORATION. 1974. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO 00055365. AVAILABLE FROM EPA.
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
HEXAMETHYLENE DIAMINE 000124-09-4
005973 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR HEXAMETHYLENEDIAMINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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HEXANE, N- 000110-54-3
005974 ICRASAVAGE WJ, JL O'DONOGHUE, GD DIVINCENZO AND TERHAAR. 1980. RELATIVE NEUROTOXICITY OF METHYL-M-BUTYL KETONE, N-HEXANE AND THEIR
METABOLITES. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 52(3): 433-441.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR N-HEXANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
010273 SANAGI S, Y SEKI, K SUGIMOTO AND M HIRATA. 1980. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONS OF WORKERS EXPOSED TO N-HEXANE AT A LOW LEVEL.
INT ARCH OCCUR ENVIRON HEALTH. 47: 69-79.
HEXANONE, 2- 000591-78-6
005976 US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR N-HEXANONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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HYDROGEN SULFIDE 007783-06-4
010269 WATTERAU H, W OECKERT AND UG KMAPE. 1964. TESTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF DRIED GREEN FODDER WITH HIGH H2S CONTENT (EXPERIMENTS WITH
POULTRY AND FATTENED PIGS). LETTIN FEEDS TESTING CENTER AND FEEDING HALL. FEEDS SCIENCE. FETTERUNG. 5: 383-393.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010354 CUT. 1983. 90 DAY VAPOR INHALATION TOXICITY STUDY OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE IN B6C3F1 MICE. EPA OTS PUBLIC FILES. FICHE N00000255-0.
DOCUMENT NO FYI-OTS-0883-0255.
US EPA. 1990. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR HYDROGEN SULFIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
HYDROQUINONE 000123-31-9
005526 CARLSON, AJ AND NR BREWER. 1953. TOXICITY STUDIES ON HYDROQUINONE. PROC SOC EXP BIOL MED. 84: 684-688.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR HYDROQUINONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AMD EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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010905 US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1 : SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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IRON 007439-89-6
005527 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR IRON. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF EMERGENCY
AHU KtncUi AL Kc^rUNot f WASH I NuTUNf DC*
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL 000078-83-1
005977 US EPA. 1986. RAT ORAL SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY WITH ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL. OFFICE OF SOLID UASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
AND ENVIRONHEMTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ISOBUTANOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfO/RfC WORK GROUP.
ISOPHORONE 000078-59-1
005910 NOR-AM AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, INC. 1972. MRID NO 00123976. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI. EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1986. TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF ISOPHORONE
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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LINURON 000330-55-2
005990 DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, INC. 1962. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO 00018374. AVAILABLE FROM
EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR LINURON. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
MALATHION 000121-75-5
005991 MOELLER HC AND JA RIDER. 1962. PLASMA AND RED BLOOD CELL-CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY AS INDICATIONS OF THE THRESHOLD OF INCIPIENT
TOXICITY OF ETHYL-P-NITROPHENOL THIONEBENZENEPHOSPHORATE (EPN) AND MALATHION IN HUMAN BEINGS. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 4: 123-130.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MALATHION. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 000108-31-6
005992 JESSUP DC, D ALDRIDGE, JL SCHARDE1N AND M BLAIR. 1982. THREE-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY IN RATS (MODIFIED TO A2-GENERATION STUDY).
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE IR-79-358. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CORP. FOR MONSANTO CO., ST. LOUIS,MO. UNPUBLISHED 8D SUBMISSION.
MICROFICHE NO OTS 0206655. DOCUMENT ID 878214777
PREACHE M. 1983. CHRONIC DIETARY ADMINISTRATION OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE. VOL. 1: NARRATIVE. FYI-OTS SUBMISSION 1283-0277. PREPARED BY ITT
RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR CHEMICAL INDUSTRY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MALEIC ANHYDRIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
MALEIC HYDRAZIDE 000123-33-1
005993 UNIROYAL CHEMICAL CO. 1981. ACCESSION NO. 250523.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR MALEIC ANHYDRIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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MALONONITRILE 000109-77-3
005994 PANOV I. M ZLATEVA AND G ANTOV. 1972. TOXICOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DICYANONETHANE. CHRONIC EFFECTS IN UHITE RATS. KHIG.
ZORAVEOPAZVANE. 15(6): 553-562.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MALONONITRILE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON$ DC*
MANCOZEB 008018-01-7
005995 rSJ»A- 1984' HEAL™ AMD EMVIROMNEMTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MANCOZEB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE. WASHINGTON. DC.
MANEB 012427-38-2
005996 MANEB DATA TASK FORCE. 1986. MRID NO 00161552. (CITED IN US EPA 1987.) AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI. EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
ROHM AND HAAS CO. 1977. MRID NO 00129980. (CITED IN US EPA 1987.) AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI. EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MANEB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
MANGANESE 007439-96-5
010850 KONDAKIS XG. N MAKRIS. M LEOTSINIDIS, M PRINOU AND T PAPAPETROPOULOS. 1989. POSSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS OF HIGH MANGANESE CONCENTRATION
IN DRINKING WATER. ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH. 44: 175-178.
US EPA. 1993. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR MANGANESE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010851 WHO (WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION). 1973. TRACE ELEMENTS IN HUMAN NUTRITION: MANGANESE. REPORT OF A WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE. TECHNICAL
REPORT SERVICE, 532, WHO, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND. PP 34-36.
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NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS, WASHINGTON, DC. PP 250-235.
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010959 ROELS HA, P GHYSELEN, JP BUCHET, E CEULEMANS, RR LAUWERYS. 1992. ASSESSMENT OF THE PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LEVEL TO MANGANESE IN WORKERS
EXPOSED TO MANGANESE DIOXIDE DUST. BR J IND MED. 49: 25-34.
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NERVOUS SYSTEM, AND SOME BIOLOGICAL INDICES. AM J IND MED. 11: 307-327.
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MEPHOSFOLAN 000950-10-7
005997 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MEPHOSFOLAN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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MERCURY, INORGANIC 007439-97-6
005800 ANDRES, P. 1984. IGA-AGG DISEASE IN THE INTESTINE OF BROWN-NORWAY RATS INGESTING MERCURIC CHLORIDE. CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOPATHOL. 20:
488-494.
BERNAUDIN, JF, E DRUET, P DRUET, R MASSE. 1981. INHALATION OR INGESTION OF ORGANIC OR INORGANIC MERCURIALS PRODUCES AUTO-IMMUNE
DISEASE IN RATS. CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOPATHOL. 20: 129-135.
DRUET, P, E DRUET, F POTDEVIN, C SAPIN. 1978. IMMUNE TYPE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS INDUCED BY HG CL2 IN THE BROUN NORWAY RAT. ANN IMMUNOL.
129C: 777-792.
US EPA. 1987. PEER REVIEW WORKSHOP ON MERCURY ISSUES, OCTOBER 26-27, 1987. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI,
OH.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010270 FAWER RF, V DERIBAUPIERRE, MP GUILLEMIN ET AL. 1983. MEASUREMENT OF HAND TREMOR INDUCED BY INDUSTRIAL EXPOSURE TO METALLIC MERCURY. J
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PIIKIVI L. 1989. CARDIOVASCULAR REFLEXES AND LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO MERCURY VAPOR. INT ARCH OCCUP ENVIRON HEALTH. 61: 391-395.
PIIKIVI L AND H HANNINEN. 1989. SUBJECTIVE SYMPTOMS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF CHLORINE-ALKALI WORKERS. SCANDJ WORK ENVIRON
HEALTH. 15: 69-74.
PIIKIVI L AND V TOLONEN. 1989. EEC FINDINGS IN CHLOR-ALKALI WORKERS SUBJECTED TO LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO MERCURY VAPOR. BR J IND MED.
46: 370-375.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR MERCURY. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
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US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
M ERPHOS 000150-50-5
005998 ABOU-DONIA MB, DG GRAHAM PR TIMMONS AND BL REICHERT. 1980. LATE ACUTE, DELAYED NEUROTOXIC AND CHOLINERGiC EFFECTS OF
S,S,S-TRIBUTYLPHOSPHOROTRITHIOITE (MERPHOS) IN HENS. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 53: 439-457.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MERPHOS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010907 US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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MERPHOS OXIDE 000078-48-8
005999 ABOU-DONIA MB, DG GRAHAM, KM ABDO AND AA KOMEIL. 1979. DELAYED NEUROTOXIC, LATE ACUTE AND CHOLINERGIC EFFECTS OF
S,S,S-TRIBUTYLPHOSPHOROTRITHIOATE (DEF): SUBCHRONIC (90 DAYS) ADMINISTRATION IN HENS. TOXICOLOGY. 14: 229-243.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MERPHOS OXIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010908 US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHACRYLONITRILE 000126-98-7
005812 POZZANI, UC, CR KINKEAD AND JM KING. 1968. THE MAMMALIAN TOXICITY OF METHACRYLONITRILE. AM INO HYG ASSOC J. 29(3): 202-210.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SELECTED NITRILES, PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHANOL 000067-56-1
010271 US EPA. 1986. RAT ORAL SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY WITH METHANOL. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHOMYL 016752-77-5
005802 E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, INC. 1968. MRID 0007091, 00009012. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR METHOMYL. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH.
US EPA. 1986. RFD/RFC WORK GROUP.
METHOXYCHLOR 000072-43-5
010357 KINCAID ENTERPRISES, INC. 1989. MRID NO 0015992. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010909 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2- 000110-49-6
010497 MILLER RR, LL CALHOUN AND BL YANO. 1982. ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER: 13-WEEK VAPOR INHALATION STUDY IN MALE RABBITS. REPORT
PREPARED FOR THE CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, MARCH 25, 1982.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
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METHOXYETHANOL, 2- 000109-86-4
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RABBITS. FUND APPL TOXICOL. 3(1): 49-54.
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METHYL ACETATE 000079-20-9
010002 TOXICITY RESEARCH LABORATORY. 1986. RAT ORAL SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY WITH METHANOL. SPONSORED BY OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, US EPA,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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METHYL ACRYLATE 000096-33-3
010498 KLIMISCH HJ AND W REININGHAUS. 1984. CARCINOGENICITY OF ACRYLATES: LONG-TERM INHALATION STUDIES ON METHYL ACRYLATE (MA) AND N-BUTYL
ACRYLATE (BA) IN RATS. TOXICOLOGIST. 4(1): 53.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL ACRYLATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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METHYL ETHYL KETONE 000078-93-3
010853 COX, GE. 1975. TOXICITY STUDIES IN RATS WITH 2-BUTANOL: INCLUDING GROWTH, REPRODUCTION, AND TERATOGENIC OBSERVATIONS. FOOD AND DRUG
RESEARCH LABORATORIES, INC. (91MR R 1673)
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010845 SCHWETZ BA, TJ MAST, RJ WEIGEL, ET AL. 1991. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF INHALED METHYL ETHYL KETONE IN MICE. FUND APPL TOXICOL. 16:
742-748.
MAST, TJ, JA DILL, JJ EVANOFF, ET AL. 1989. INHALATION DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY STUDIES: TERATOLOGY STUDY OF METHYLETHYL KETONE IN
MICE. FINAL REPORT. PREPARED BY PACIFIC NORTHWEST LABORATORY, BATELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE, FOR THE NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM,
WASHINGTON, DC. PNL-6833 UC-408.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE 001338-23-4
010948 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 000108-10-1
010949 MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATES. 1986. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE IN SPRAGUE-DAULEY RATS. PERFORMED FOR RESEARCH
TRIANGLE INSTITUTE, PO BOX 12194, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC, 27709. FINAL REPORT. STUDY NO 522104.
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METHYL ISOCYANATE 000624-83-9
010013 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL ISOCYANATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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METHYL MERCURY 022967-92-6
005547 CLARKSON, TU, L AMIN-ZAKI, SK AL-TIKRITI. 1976. FEDERATION PROCEEDINGS. 35(12): 2395-2399.
NORDBERG, GF, P STRANGERT. 1976. ESTIMATIONS OF A DOSE-RESPONSE CURVE FOR LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO METHYLMERCURIC COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN
BEINGS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT VARIABILITY OF CRITICAL ORGAN CONCENTRATIONS AND BIOLOGICAL HALF-TIME: A PRELIMINARY COMMUNICATION. IN:
EFFECTS AND DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS OF TOXIC METALS. GF NORDBERG, ED. ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM. P. 273-262.
WHO (WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION). 1976. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA FOR MERCURY. IN: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA 1. WHO, GENEVA.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR MERCURY. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF
EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1980. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR MERCURY. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH.
OFFICE OF WATER REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS, WASHINGTON, DC.
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METHYL METHACRYLATE 000080-62-6
010014 BORZELLECA JF, PS LARSON, GR HENNIGAR, ET AL. 1964. STUDIES ON THE CHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY OF MONOMER1C ETHYL ACRYLATE AND METHYL
METHACRYLATE. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 6: 29-36.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL METHACRYLATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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METHYL PARATHION 000298-00-0
010015 MONSANTO CO. 1983. ACCESSION NO 252501-252503. 253346, 253372-253374. MRID NO. 000139023, 00143965, 00145507. AVAILABLE FROM EPA.
WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL PARATHION. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON. DC.
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010846 DALY, IW AND WE RINEHART. 1980. A THREE-MONTH FEEDING STUDY OF METHYL PARATHION IN RATS: PROJECT 77-2054. MRID NO. 74299. AVAILABLE
FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1991. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR METHYL PARATHION. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, ON FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
METHYL STYRENE (MIXED ISOMERS) 025013-15-4
010500 FINAL CHRONIC REPORT PERFORMED FOR THE NTP UNDER CONTRACT NO N01-ES-38042.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR METHYL STYRENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY) BUTYRIC ACID, 4-(2- 000094-81-5
010008 RHODIA. INC. 1970. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO 00116345. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA,
WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MCPA AND MCPB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM (IRIS). ONLINE. OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH.
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010009 BASF AKTIEGERELLSCHAFT. 1985. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MRID NO 00158359. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO
FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MCPP. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID, 2- 000094-74-6
010007 INDUSTRY TASK FORCE ON MCPA RESEARCH DATA. 1986. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. MR ID NO 00164352. AVAILABLE
FROM EPA, WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR MCPA AND MCPB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHYLCYCLOHEXANE 000108-87-2
010431 KINKEAD ER, CC HAUN MG SCHNEIDER, ET AL. 1985. CHRONIC INHALATION EXPOSURE OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS TO METHYLCYCLOHEXANE. GOVT REPORTS
ANNOUNCEMENTS AND INDEX, ISSUE 21. 29 P.
US EPA. 1991. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR METHYLCYCLOHEXANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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METHYLENE BROMIDE 000074-95-3
010501 KEYES DG, JW HENCK, GC JERSEY, RJ KOCIBA, DJ SCHWETZ AND TD LANDRY. 1982. METHYLENE BROMIDE: A 90-DAY REPEATED INHALATION TOXICITY
STUDY IN RATS AND DOGS WITH A SUBSEQUENT TWO-YEAR HOLDING PERIOD FOR RATS. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH LAB, HEAITH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCES, DOW CHEMICAL CO., MIDLAND, MI.
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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METHYLENE CHLORIDE / (DICHLOROMETHANE) 000075-09-2
005553 NATIONAL COFFEE ASSOCIATION. 1982. 24-MONTH CHRONIC TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY STUDY OF METHYLENE CHLORIDE IN RATS FINAL REPORT.
PREPARED BY HAZLETON LABORATORIES AMERICA, INC., VIENNA, VA. UNPUBLISHED
US EPA. 1985. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR METHYLENE CHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
005552 NITSCHKE KD, JD BUREK, TJ BELL, RJ KOCIBA, LW RAMPEY AND MJ MCKENNA. 1988. METHYLENE CHLORIDE: A 2-YEAR INHALATION TOXICITY AND
ONCOGENIC1TY STUDY IN RATS. FUND APPL TOXICOL. 10: 1-12.
US EPA. 1989. UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR METHYLENE CHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLORO ANILINE), 4,4'-
000101-14-4
010413 STULA EF, JR BARNES, H SHERMAN, CF REINHARDY AND JA ZAPP.1977. URINARY BLADDER TUMORS IN DOGS FROM
4,4'-METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE) (MOCA). J ENVIRON PATHOL TOXICOL. 1(1): 31-50.
US EPA. 1990. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 4,4'-METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON DC.
010933 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHYLENEDIPHENYL ISOCYANATE, 4,4- / (DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE) 000101 -68-8
010449 REUZEL PGJ, JHG ARTS, MHM KUYPERS, ET AL. 1990. CHRONIC TOXICITY/CARCINOGENICITY INHALATION STUDY OF POLYMERIC METHYLENEDIPHENYL
DIISOCYANATE AEROSOL IN RATS. FINAL REPORT. PREPARED BY CIVO INSTITUTE FOR THE INTERNATIONAL ISOCYANATE INSTITUTE.
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METOLACHLOR 051218-45-2
0109SO TISDEL M, T JACKSON, P MACWILLIAMS ET AL. 1983. TWO-YEAR CHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY STUDY WITH METOLACHLOR IN ALBINO
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SUBMITTED BY CIBA-GEIGY CORP., GREENSBORO, NC: O>L:250369-A, 250370, 250371, 250272, 259373, 259374, 259375.) REFERRED TO AS
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SMITH SH, CK O'LOUGHLIN, CM SALAMON ET AL. 1981. TWO-GENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY IN ALBINO RATS WITH KETOLACHLOR TECHNICAL: STUDY
NO. 450-0272. FINAL REPORT. (UNPUBLISHED STUDY RECEIVED SEPTEMBER 30, 1981 UNDER 100-597. PREPARED BY WHiTTAKER CORP., SUBMITTED BY
CIBA-GEIGY CORP., GREENSBORO, NC. CDL:245959-A, 245960, 245961.) REFERRED TO AS CIBA-GEIGY (1981) IN U.S. EPA (1993). MRID 00080897.
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US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR METOLACHLOR. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF
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METRIBUZIN 021087-64-9
010928 MOBAY CHEMICAL CORPORATION. 1974. MRID 000061260. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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MOLINATE 002212-67-1
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
MOLYBDENUM 007439-98-7
010489 KOLVAL'SKIY W, GA YAROVAYA AND DM SHMAVONYAN. 1961. CHANGES OF PURINE METABOLISM IN MAN AND ANIMALS UNDER CONDITIONS OF MOLYBDENUM
BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROVINCES. ZH OBSHCH BIOL. 22: 179-191. (IN RUSSIAN, TRANSLATION)
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MONOCHLORAMINE 010599-90-3
010517 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1990. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF CHLORINATED AND
CHLORAMINATED WATER IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (DRINKING WATER STUDIES). NTP TR 392, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH.
US EPA. 1992. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR CHLORAMINES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA DIVISION, OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY, OFFICE OF WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
NAPHTHOQUINONE, 1,4- 000130-15-4
010020 US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 1,4-NAPHTHOQUINONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
NICKEL (METALLIC) 007440-02-0
005579 AMBROSE, AM, DS LARSON, JR BORZELLECA AND GR HENNIGAR, JR. 1976. LONG-TERM TOXICOLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF NICKEL IN RATS AND DOGS. J GOOD
SCI TECHNOL. 13: 181-187.
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US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
NICKEL CYANIDE 000557-19-7
010953 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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NICOTINONITRILE 000100-54-9
005584 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SELECTED NITRILES. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE.
CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON. DC.
NITRIC OXIDE 010102-43-9
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NITRITE 014797-65-0
010021 WALTON G. 1951. SURVEY OF LITERATURE RELATING TO INFANT METHEMOGLOBINEMIA DUE TO NITRATE-CONTAMINATED WATER. AM J PUB HEALTH. 41:
986-996.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR NITRITE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON. DC.
US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
NITRO AN I LIN E, 2- 000088-74-4
010936 US EPA. 1992. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010935 BIO/DYNAMICS. 1983. PROJECT NO. (BO-82-270). A FOUR WEEK INHALATION STUDY OF ORTHO-NITROANILINE IN MALE RATS. FINAL REPORT. SUBMITTED
TO DR. RASHMI NAIR, MONSANTO CO., AUGUST 16, 1983. EPA 87821478. «OTS0206486. P. 1A-17, 32-42, 46-48, 55-58, 62-67.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR HITROANILINE (0-. M-. P-). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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RESPONSE, WASHINGTON. DC.
US EPA. 1991. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 2-NITROANILINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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NITROANILINE, M- 000099-09-2
010400 US EPA. 1991. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 3-NITROANILINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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NITROANILINE, P- 000100-01 -6
010024 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR NITROANILINE (0-, M-, P-). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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NITROBENZENE 000098-95-3
005589 CUT (CHEMICAL INDUSTRY INSTITUTE OF TOXICOLOGY). 1984. NINETY-DAY INHALATION STUDY OF NITROBENZENE IN F-344 RATS, CD RATS AND B6C3F1
MICE UITH COVER LETTER DATED 6/24/84 AND EPA RESPONSE DATED 8/06/84, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. FYI-OTS-0784-0333 AND COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF
PATHOLOGY FINDING.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR NITROBENZENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
NITROFURANTOIN 000067-20-9
005593 SRI (SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE). 1980. SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY REPORT ON NITROFURANTOIN (C55196) IN FISCHER-344 RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE.
TRACOR JIT CO, INC, ROCKVILLE, MD, CONTRACT NOS N01-CP-43350 AND 78-65-106002 US EPA.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR NITROFURANS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE 010102-44-0
010402 WALTON G. 1951. SURVEY OF LITERATURE RELATING TO INFANT METHEMOGLOBINEMIA DUE TO NITRATE-CONTAMINATED WATER. AM J PUBLIC HEALTH. 41:
986-996.
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010912 REFER TO,APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
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005627 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR N-PROPYL ALCOHOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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PROPYLENE GLYCOL 000057-55-6
005631 GAUNT, IF, RMB CARPANINI, P GRASSO AND ABG LANSDOWN. 1972. LONG-TERM TOXICITY OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL IN RATS. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL. 10:
151-162.
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005629 GUERRANT, NB, GP WHITLOCK, ML WOLFF AND RA DUTCHER. 1947.RESPONSE OF RATS TO DIETS CONTAINING VARYING AMOUNTS OF GLYCEROL AND
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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010914 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER 001569-02-4
005488 SMYTH, HF, JR AND CP CARPENTER. 1948. FURTHER EXPERIENCE WITH THE RANGE FINDING TEST IN THE INDUSTRIAL TOXICOLOGY LABORATORY. J IND
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010915 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 000107-98-2
005486 ROWE, VK, DD MCCOLLISTER, HC SPENCER ET AL. 1954. TOXICOLOGY OF MONO-, DI-, AND TRI-PROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHERS.ARCH IND HYG OCCUR
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PROPYLENE OXIDE 000075-56-9
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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010176 US EPA. 1989. MOUSE ORAL SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY OF PYREME. STUDY CONDUCTED BY TOXICITY RESEARCH LABORATORIES, NUSKEGON.NI FOR THE
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PYRIDINE 000110-86-1
010055 US EPA. 1986. PYRIDINE. 90-DAY SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY IN RATS. SPONSORED BY OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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RDX / (CYCLONITE) 000121 -82-4
010056 LEVINE BS. EN FUREDI. VS RAE, DE GORDON AND DM LISH. 1984. DETERMINATION OF THE CHRONIC MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RDX:
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RONNEL 000299-84-3
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ELECTROLYTES HEALTH DIS. 3: 123-130.
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SELENIUM 007782-49-2
010404 YANG G, S YIN, L ZHOU, ET AL. 1989. STUDIES OF SAFE MAXIMAL DAILY DIETARY SE-INTAKE IN A SELENIFEROUS AREA IN CHINA. II. RELATION
BETWEEN SE-INTAKE AND THE MANIFESTATION OF CLINICAL SIGNS AND CERTAIN BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN BLOOD AND URINE. J TRACE ELEM
ELECTROLYTES HEALTH DIS. 3: 123-130.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SELENIUM AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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SELENOUREA 000630-10-4
010473 YANG C, S WANG, R ZHOU, AND S SUN. 1983. ENDEMIC SELENIUM INTOXICATION OF HUMANS IN CHINA. AM J CLIN NUTR. 37: 872-888.
SILVER 007440-22-4
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SILVER CYANIDE 000506-64-9
010283 HOWARD JW AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. AGRIC FOOD CHEM. 3: 325-329.
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SODIUM CYANIDE 000143-33-9
005640 HOWARD. JW AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. J AGRIC FOOD CHEM. 3: 325-329.CITED
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SODIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE 000148-18-5
005644 SUNDERMAN, FW. OE PAYNTER AND RB GEORGE. 1967. THE EFFECTS OF THE PROTRACTED ADMINISTRATION OF THE CHELATING AGENT, SODIUM
DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE (DITHIOCARB). AM J MED SCI. 254: 46-56.
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US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
SODIUM METAVANADATE 013718-26-8
005735 DOMINGO, JL, JL LLOBET, JM TOMAS AND J CORBELLA. 1985. SHORT-TERM TOXICITY STUDIES OF VANADIUM IN RATS. J APPL TOXICOL. 5(6):
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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010842 STOREY E. 1961. STRONTIUM 'RICKETS' BONE CALCIUM AND STRONTIUM CHANGES. AUSTRAL ANN MED. 10: 2132-222.
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STRYCHNINE 000057-24-9
010285 SEIDL I AND G ZBINDEN. 1982. SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY OF STRYCHNINE IN RATS. ARCH TOXICOL. 51(3): 267-271.
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STYRENE 000100-42-5
010059 OUAST JF, CG HUMISTON, RT KALNINS, ET AL. 1979. RESULTS OF A TOXICITY STUDY OF MONOMER1C STYRENE ADMINISTERED TO BEAGLE DOGS BY ORAL
INTUBATION FOR 19 MONTHS. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH LABORATORY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, DOW CHEMICAL CO., MIDLAND, MI. FINAL
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SUCCINONITRILE 000110-61-2
005585 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SELECTED NITRILES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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SULFUR DIOXIDE 007446-09-5
010505 REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
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SULFUR OXIDES
010035 US EPA. 1987. AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PARTICULATE MATTER AND SULFUR OXIDES. OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT. RESEARCH
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010060 GAINES TB, RD KIMBROUGH AND ER LAW, JR. 1967. TOXICOLOGY OF ABATE IN LABORATORY ANIMALS. ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH. 14: 283-288.
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TERBUFOS 013071-79-9
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DC 20460.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR TERBUFOS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TEREPHTHALIC ACID 000100-21-0
010474 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR TEREPHTHALIC ACID. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TETRACHLOROAZOXYBENZENE 021232-47-3
010064 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR TCAB, TCA06 AND TCHB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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TETRACHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4,5- 000095-94-3
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RESULTS OF A 90-DAY FEEDING STUDY. DRUG CHEM TOXICOL. 7: 113-127.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
TETRACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 000695-77-2
005303 US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED CYCLOPENTADIENES. PREPARED BY Tilt OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2- 000630-20-6
010407 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1983. CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF 1,1,1.2-TETRACHLOROETHANE IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1
MICE. NTP, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1.1,1,2-. PREPARED BY
THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF
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TETRACHLOROETHYLENE 000127-18-4
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PERCHLORCSTHYLENE: A DOSE-EFFECT STUDY. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 78: 105-122.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
TETRACHLOROHYDRAZOBENZENE 071753-42-9
010065 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR TCAB, TCAOB AND TCHB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,4,5- 004901 -51-3
005324 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,4,6- 000058-90-2
005323 US EPA. 1986. 2,3,4,6-TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 90-DAY SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY STUDY IN RATS. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,5,6- 000935-95-5
005325 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
TETRACHLOROPROPENE, 1.1,2,3- 010436-39-2
010066 US EPA. 1983. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CHLOROPROPENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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TETRACHLOROVINPHOS / (STIROPHOS) 000961-11 -5
010067 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1968. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. ACCESSION NO 115684.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR STIROFOS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON. DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
TETRAETHYL DITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE 003689-24-5
010287 KIMMERLE G AND OR ICLIMMER. 1974. ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF SULFOTEP. ARCH TOXICOL. 33(1): 1-16.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
THALLIC OXIDE 001314-32-5
010956 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
THALLIUM (I) ACETATE 000563-68-8
005664 US EPA. 1986. SUBCHRONIC (90 DAY) TOXICITY OF THALLIUM (I) SULFATE (CA NO. 7446-18-6) IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY XATS. FINAL REPORT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR THALLIUM AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
THALLIUM (I) CARBONATE 006533-73-9
005668 US EPA. 1986. SUBCHRONIC (90 DAY) TOXICITY OF THALLIUM (I) SULFATE (CA NO. 7446-18-6) IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. FINAL REPORT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR THALLIUM AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
THALLIUM (I) CHLORIDE 007791-12-0
005672 US EPA. 1986. SUBCHRONIC (90 DAY) TOXICITY OF THALLIUM (I) SULFATE (CA NO. 7446-18-6) IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. FINAL REPORT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR THALLIUM AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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SELENIUM 007782-49-2
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SELENOUREA 000630-10-4
010473 YANG C, S WANG, R ZHOU, AND S SUN. 1983. ENDEMIC SELENIUM INTOXICATION OF HUMANS IN CHINA. AM J CLIN NUTR. 37: 872-888.
SILVER 007440-22-4
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MEDICATION. J AM MED ASSOC. 104: 1387-1390.
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SILVER CYANIDE 000506-64-9
010283 HOWARD JW AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. AGRIC FOOD CHEM. 3: 325-329.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICI TY
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SODIUM CYANIDE 000143-33-9
005640 HOWARD, JU AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITV FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. J AGRIC FOOD CHEN. 3: 325-329.CITED
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SODIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE 000148-18-5
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DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE (DITHIOCARB). AM J MED SCI. 254: 46-56.
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SODIUM METAVANADATE 013718-26-8
005735 DOMINGO, JL, JL LLOBET, JM TOMAS AND J CORBELLA. 1985. SHORT-TERM TOXICITY STUDIES OF VANADIUM IN RATS. J APPL TOXICOL. 5(6):
418-421.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
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STRONTIUM, STABLE 007440-24-6
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STRYCHNINE 000057-24-9
010285 SEIDL I AND G ZBINDEN. 1982. SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY OF STRYCHNINE IN RATS. ARCH TOXICOL. 51(3): 267-271.
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STYRENE 000100-42-5
010059 QUAST JF, CG HUMISTON, RT KALNINS, ET AL. 1979. RESULTS OF A TOXICITY STUDY OF MONOMER1C STYRENE ADMINISTERED TO BEAGLE DOGS BY ORAL
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SUCCINONITRILE 000110-61-2
005585 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SELECTED NITRILES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE Of HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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SULFUR DIOXIDE 007446-09-5
010505 REFER TO APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SECTION V ON NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS.
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SULFUR OXIDES
010035 US EPA. 1987. AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PARTICULATE NATTER AND SULFUR OXIDES. OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, RESEARCH
TRIANGLE PARK, NC. EPA 600/8-82-029F.NTIS PB84-156777.
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005647 CARSON, BL, BL HERNOON, HV ELLIS III, ET AL. 1981. SULFURIC ACID HEALTH EFFECTS. PREPARED UNDER CONTRACT 68-03-2928 BY MIDWEST
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US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR SULFURIC ACID. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF
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TEMEPHOS 003383-96-8
010060 GAINES TB, RD KIMBROUGH AND ER LAW, JR. 1967. TOXICOLOGY OF ABATE IN LABORATORY ANIMALS. ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH. 14: 283-288.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR TEMEPHOS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TERBUFOS 013071-79-9
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DC 20460.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR TERBUFOS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TEREPHTHALIC ACID 000100-21 -0
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON. DC.
TETRACHLOROAZOXYBENZENE 021232-47-3
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TETRACHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4,5- 000095-94-3
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US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
TETRACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 000695-77-2
005303 US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED CYCLOPENTADIENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2- 000630-20-6
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US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2-. PREPARED BY
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TETRACHLOROETHYLENE 000127-18-4
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US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
TETRACHLOROHYDRAZOBENZENE 071753-42-9
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TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,4,5- 004901 -51-3
005324 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,4,6- 000058-90-2
005323 US EPA. 1986. 2,3,4,6-TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 90-DAY SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY STUDY IN RATS. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,5,6- 000935-95-5
005325 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
TETRACHLOROPROPENE, 1,1,2,3- 010436-39-2
010066 US EPA. 1983. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CHLOROPROPENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
THALLIUM (I) NITRATE 010102-45-1
005676 US EPA. 1986. SUBCHRONIC (90 DAY) TOXICITY OF THALLIUM (I) SULFATE (CA NO. 7446-18-6) IN SPRAGUE-DAULEY RATS. FINAL REPORT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR THALLIUM AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
THALLIUM (I) SULFATE 007446-18-6
005682 US EPA. 1986. SUBCHRONIC (90 DAY) TOXICITY OF THALLIUM (I) SULFATE (CA NO. 7446-18-6) IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY KATS. FINAL REPORT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR THALLIUM AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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US EPA. 1988. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
THALLIUM (IN SOLUBLE SALTS)
010458 US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR THALLIUM AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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THALLIUM SELENITE 012039-52-0
010957 US EPA. 1993. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
THIOCYANOMETHYLTHIO)BENZOTHIAZOLE, 2-( 021564-17-0
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THIOFANOX 013196-18-4
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
THIRAM 000137-26-8
010459 E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, INC. 1954. MRID NO. 0045162. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
US EPA. 1987. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
010070 HORNSHAW TC, RJ AULERICH AND RK RINGER. 1987. TOXICITY OF THIRAM (TETRAMETHYLTHINORAM DISULFIDE) TO MINK AND EUROPEAN FERRETS. BULL
ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL. 38(4): 618-626.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR THIRAM. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
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US EPA. 1986. SUBCHRONIC (90 DAY) TOXICITY OF THALLIUM (I) SULFATE (CAS NO. 7446-18-6) IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. FINAL REPORT.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR TIN. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE
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TOLUENE 000108-88-3
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US EPA. 1990. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
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VINYL-1 -CYCLOHEXENE, 4- 000100-40-3
010084 US EPA. 1983. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 4-VINYL-1-CYCLOHEXENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
WARFARIN 000081-81-2
010409 HUFF, BB, ED. 1985. PHYSICIANS DESK REFERENCE, 39TH ED. MEDICAL ECONOMICS CO., INC., ORADELL, NJ.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
XYLENE, M- 000108-38-3
005755 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1986. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS OF XYLENES (MIXED) (60.2XM-XYLENE,
13.6X P-XYLENE, 17.0X ETHYLBENZENE AND 9.1X 0-XYLENE) (CAS NO. 1330-20-7) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). US DHHS,
PHS, NIH, NTP, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC, NTP TR 327, NIH PUBL NO 86-2583.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR XYLENES (0-. N-. P-). ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE,
CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
010920 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1-94
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICI1Y
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
XYLENE, MIXTURE 001330-20-7
010872 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1986. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS OF XYLENES (MIXED) (60.2XM-XYLENE,
13.6X P-XYLENE, 17.0X ETHYLBENZENE AND 9.1X 0-XYLENE) (CAS NO. 1330-20-7) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). US DHHS,
PHS, NIH, NTP, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC, NTP TR 327, NIH PUBL NO 86-2583.
US EPA. 1989. UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR XYLENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. RfD WORK GROUP.
010921 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
XYLENE, 0- 000095-47-6
005751 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1986. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS OF XYLENES (MIXED) (.60.2%
M-XYLENE, 13.6X P-XYLENE, 17.OX ETHYLBENZENE AND 9.IX 0-XYLENE) (CAS NO. 1330-20-7) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES).
US DHHS, PHS, NIH, NTP, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC, NTP TR 327, NIH PUBL NO 86-2583.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR XYLENES (0-, M-, P-). ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE,
CINCINNATI, OH. OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
010922 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
XYLENE, P- 000106-42-3
010923 US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ZINC (METALLIC) 007440-66-6
010937 YADRICK, MF, MA KENNEY AND EA WINTERFELDT. 1989. IRON, COPPER AND ZINC STATUS: RESPONSE TO SUPPLEMENTATION WITH ZINC OR ZINC AND IRON
IN ADULT FEMALES. AM J CLIN NUTR. 49: 145-150.
US EPA. 1991. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ZINC CYANIDE 000557-21-1
010289 HOWARD JW AND RF HANZAL. 1955. CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR RATS OF FOOD TREATED WITH HYDROGEN CYANIDE. AGRIC FOOD CHEM. 3: 325-329.
PHILBRICK DJ, JB HOPKINS, DC HILL, JC ALEXANDER AND RG THOMSON. 1979. EFFECTS OF PROLONGED CYANIDE AND THIOCYANATE FEEDING IN RATS. J
TOXICOL ENVIRON HEALTH. 5: 579-592.
US EPA. 1985. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
ZINC PHOSPHIDE 001314-84-7
010290 BAI KM, MK KRISHNAKUMARI, JP RAMESH, T SHIVANANDAPPA AND SK MAJUNDER. 1980. SHORT-TERM TOXICITY STUDY OF ZINC PHOSPHIDE IN ALBINO
RATS. INDIAN J EXPTL BIOL. 18: 854-857.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1-95
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ZINEB 012122-67-7
010085 BLACKWELL-SMITH RJ JR, JK FINNEGAN, PS LARSON, ET AL. 1953. TOXICOLOGIC STUDIES ON ZINC AND DISODIUM ETHYLENE BISDITHIOCARBAMATES. J
PHARHACOL EXP THER. 109: 159-166.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ZINEB. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
R1-96
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HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEHIC
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN
NOEL 4.0 MG/KG/DAY RAT
INHALATION: 14 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
TARGET
000075-86-5
CRITICAL EFFECT
CENTRAL NERVOUS EFFECTS
SYSTEM
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
{mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
1E-1
100
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
1E-2 010432
1000
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 4E-2 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST). AN ERROR IN THE UNCERTAINTY FACTOR THAT WAS
REPORTED IN HEED (1988) WAS CORRECTED.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 4E-2 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS KOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
ACETONITRILE
NOAEL 100 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000075-05-8
MOUSE
92 DAYS LIVER
INCREASED RELATIVE WEIGHT
5E-1
300
5E-2
3000
005208
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-1 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-2 MG/KG/DAY. (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST). UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
BARIUM
NOEL 0.8 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
007440-39-3
RAT
4 MONTHS
FETUS
FETOTOXICITY
5E-3
100
5E-4
1000
005249
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-3 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST). BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-4 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST). BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY.
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
CHLORO-1,3-BUTADIENE / (CHLOROPRENE)
NOAEL 10 PPM RAT
INHALATION: 2 YEARS HAIR
INTERMITTENT WHOLE BODY
000126-99-8
ALOPECIA
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
2E-2
100
2E-2
100
005878
SUBCHRONIC [RfDJ COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION ASSUMING AN INHALATION ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION ASSUMING AN INHALATION ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
GENERAL COMMENT: SEE ALSO HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
2-1
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HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
ROUTE EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (ma/kg/dav)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
March 1994
REFERENCE
CHLOROBENZENE
LOAEL 75 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000108-90-7
RAT
120 DAYS LIVER
KIDNEY
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
2E-2
10000
005353
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 5E-3 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST). UNDER REVIEW, CURRENT NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
CYCLOPENTADIENE
NOEL 87.3 MG/KG/DAY
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000542-92-7
RAT
194 DAYS
LIVER
KIDNEY
LESIONS
LESIONS
3E+0
100
005401
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 9E-1 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUE WAS DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM INHALATION
METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2-
NOEL 49 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000095-50-1
RAT
UP TO 7
MONTHS
WHOLE BODY
DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN
2E+0
100
2E-1
1000
005412
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 4E-2 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE
LOAEL 482.3 MG/KG/DAY GUINEA PIG
INHALATION: 6 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
000075-71-8
LIVER
LESIONS
2E+0
1000
2E-1
10000
005497
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 5E-1 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 5E-2 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
2-2
-------
HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXSCITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,1-
NOEL 138 MG/KG/DAY
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000075-34-3
CAT
13 WEEKS KIDNEY
CRITICAL EFFECT
DAMAGE
Subchronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF
5E+0
100
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD] REFERENCE
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/day)
UF UF
5E-1
1003
005789
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E+0 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-1 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: CHRONIC AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY AND
DICYCLOPENTADIENE
LOAEL 1 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000077-73-6
RAT
90 DAYS LIVER
DYSFUNCTION
2E-3
1000
2E-4
10GOO
005424
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 6E-4 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 6E-5 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
ETHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2- 000111 -15-9
NOEL 30.1 MG/KG/DAY RAT
INHALATION: DAY 6-18 OF FETUS
INTERMITTENT GESTATION
DECREASED OSSIFICATION
3E-1
100
3E-1
100
005952
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. THE SUBCHRONIC ORAL [RfD]UAS BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY WITH
EXPOSURES DURING DAYS 6-18 OF GESTATION.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. THE CHRONIC ORAL [RfD] WAS BASED ON A REPRODUCTION STUDY WITH EXPOSURES
DURING DAYS 6-18 OF GESTATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: NO PHARMACOKINETIC DATA WERE PROVIDED TO JUSTIFY ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION FOR THE ORAL [RfD] VALUES. ALSO SEE
TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY VALUES.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
2-3
-------
HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
POSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchronic
IRfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu in) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu HI) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
March 1994
REFERENCE
FURFURAL
NOAEL 20 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000098-01-1
HAMSTER
13 WEEKS
NASAL CAVITY
OLFACTORY DEGENERATION
5E-1
100
5E-2
10CO
005465
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-1 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-11, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-2 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-11, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfO/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
METHACRYLONITRILE
NOEL 3.2 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000126-98-7
DOG
90 DAYS LIVER
LIVER
INCREASED SCOT
INCREASED SGPT
7E-3
300
7E-4
3000
005811
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 2E-3 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST). THESE VALUES DIFFER FROM THOSE IN THE 1987
HEED.
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 2E-4 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST). THESE VALUES DIFFER FROM THOSE IN THE 1987
HEED.
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
METHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2-
NOAEL 10 PPM RABBIT
INHALATION: 13 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
000110-49-6
TESTIS
DEGENERATION
2E-2
100
2E-3
1000
010001
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5. CALCULATED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH
METHOXYETHANOL CONVERTED BY MULTIPLYING BY THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT RATIO (118.13/76.09).
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5. CALCULATED FROM DATA OBTAINED WITH
METHOXYETHANOL CONVERTED BY MULTIPLYING BY THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT RATIO (118.13/76.09).
GENERAL COMMENT: NO PHARMACOK1NETIC DATA WERE PROVIDED TO JUSTIFY ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION FOR THE ORAL [RfD] VALUES.
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
2-4
-------
HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchconic
tRfC] [RfD]
C«a/cu m) (mn/kg/day)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(ma/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
REFERENCE
METHOXYETHANOL, 2-
NOAEL 31 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000109-86-4
RABBIT
13 WEEKS TESTICLE
EFFECTS
1E-2
100
1E-3
1000
010910
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
METHYL ACRYLATE
NOEL 15 PPM
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000096-33-3
RAT
2 YEARS
NONE OBSERVED
3E-2
100
3E-2
100
010003
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: NO PHARMACOKINETIC DATA WERE PROVIDED TO JUSTIFY ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION FOR THE ORAL [RfD] VALUES.
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 000108-10-1
NOEL 50 PPM RAT
INHALATION: 90 DAYS LIVER
INTERMITTENT KIDNEY
INCREASED WEIGHT
EFFECTS
8E-1
100
8E-2
1000
005562
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 2E-1 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSION ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 2E-2 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSION ON NEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
2-5
-------
HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
March 1994
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
METHYL STYRENE (MIXED ISOMERS) 025013-15-4
LOAEL 5.6 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
INHALATION: 103 WEEKS NASAL CAVITY
INTERMITTENT
LESIONS
Subchronic
RfC] [RfOl
faa/cu IB) (mg/kg/davl
UF UF
6E-3
1000
Chronic
[RfC] CRfO]
(mg/cu HI) (mg/kg/davl
UF UF
6E-3
1000
REFERENCE
005567
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION WITH AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION WITH AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
GENERAL COMMENT: NO PHARMACOKINETIC DATA WERE PROVIDED TO JUSTIFY ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION FOR THE ORAL [RfD] VALUES.
LOAEL 11.2 MG/KG/DAY MOUSE
INHALATION: 103 WEEKS
INTERMITTENT
NASAL CAVITY
LESIONS
4E-2
1000
4E-2
1000
005566
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-2 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 1E-2 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP.
METHYL STYRENE, ALPHA 000098-83-9
NOEL 970 MG/CU M RAT
INHALATION: 197 DAYS LIVER
INTERMITTENT KIDNEY
INCREASED WEIGHT
INCREASED WEIGHT
7E-1
100
7E-2
1000
010016
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION USING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
GENERAL COMMENT: MO PHARMACOKINETIC DATA WERE PROVIDED TO JUSTIFY ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION FOR THE ORAL [RfD] VALUES.
METHYLENE BROMIDE
NOAEL 11 MG/KG/DAY
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000074-95-3
RAT
90 DAYS
BLOOD
INCREASED CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN
1E-1
100
1E-2
1000
010011
SUBCHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION, INCLUDING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
CHRONIC [RfD] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION, INCLUDING AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.5.
GENERAL COMMENT: NO PHARMACOKINETIC DATA WERE PROVIDED TO JUSTIFY ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION FOR THE ORAL [RfD] VALUES.
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
2-6
-------
HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXtCITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
CHEMICAL
LEVEL
DOSE
ROUTE
SPECIES
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
TARGET
CRITICAL EFFECT
Subchrooic
[RfC] [RfD]
(ma/cu m) (ma/kg/dav)
UF UF
Chronic
[RfC] [RfD]
(mg/cu m) (mg/kg/dav)
UF UF
March 1994
REFERENCE
NITROBENZENE
LOAEL 25 MG/CU M
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000098-95-3
MOUSE
90 DAYS
BLOOD
ADRENAL
KIDNEY
LIVER
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
LESIONS
LESIONS
LESIONS
2E-2
1000
2E-3
10000
010518
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
RAT
90 DAYS
BLOOD
ADRENAL
KIDNEY
LIVER
HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS
LESIONS
LESIONS
LESIONS
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 6E-4 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-11, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 6E-4 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NOT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
TRICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4- 000120-82-1
GENERAL COMMENT: INFORMATION REMOVED FROM THIS TABLE. SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE 000075-69-4
LOAEL 1940 MG/KG/DAY DOG
INHALATION: 90 DAYS KIDNEY
CONTINUOUS LUNG
INCREASED BUN
INFLAMMATION
7E+0
1000
7E-1
10000
005501
SUBCHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 2E+0 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
CHRONIC [RfC] COMMENT: 2E-1 MG/KG/DAY (SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST).
GENERAL COMMENT: THE SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC INHALATION [RfC] VALUES WERE DERIVED FROM METHODOLOGY THAT IS NJT CURRENT WITH THE INTERIM
INHALATION METHODOLOGY USED BY THE RfD/RfC WORK GROUP. ALSO SEE TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
2-7
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN 000075-86-5
010432 !cS^rTl:«SMD-DC I^E> 1984' TH«K-IW™ IMHALATION TOXICITY OF ACETONE CYAMOHYDRIM IN MALE AND FEMALE SPRAGUE-DAULEY RATS. MONSANTO
REPORT NOP. MSL-4423. TSCA 8(D) SUBMISSION 878216397
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2- 000095-50-1
005412 HOLLIMGSWORTH RL, VK ROUE, F OVEN, TR TORKELSON AND EM ADAMS. 1958. TOXICITY OF 0-DICHLOROBENZENE. AM ME!) ASSOC ARCH IND HEALTH.
17(1): 180-187.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR D1CHLOROBENZENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE 000075-71-8
005497 PRENDERGAST JA, RA JONES, LJ JENKINS AND J SIEGAL. 1967. EFFECTS ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS OF LONG-TERM INHALATION OF
TRICHLOROETHYLENE, CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE, DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE AND 1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE. TOXICOL APPL
PHARMACOL. 10: 270-289.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR FULLY HALOGENATED METHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,1- 000075-34-3
005789 HOFMANN HT, H BIRNSTIEL AND P JOBST. 1971. ON THE INHALATION TOXICITY OF 1,1- AND 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE. ARCH TOXIKOL. 27: 248-265.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DICYCLOPENTADIENE 000077-73-6
005424 DODD DE, LC LONGO AND DL EISLER. 1982. DICYCLOPENTADIENE VAPOR NINETY-DAY INHALATION STUDY ON RATS AND MICE. BUSHY RUN RESEARCH
CENTER, EXPORT, PA, TSCA 8E SUBMISSION BY EXXON CHEM AMER DOC ID 88-8300464, ODD DOC ID 8EHQ-0283-0364,MICROFICHE NO. OTS 204864.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CYCLOPENTADIENE AND DICYCLOPENTADIENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
ETHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2- 000111 -15-9
005952 UNION CARBIDE. 1984. A TERATOGENIC EVALUATION OF CELLOSOLVE ACETATE IN FISHER 344 RATS AND NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS FOLLOWING
INHALATION EXPOSURE. BUSHY RUN RESEARCH CENTER, EXPORT, PA, OCTOBER 1984. FYI-AX-1184-0360.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2- ETHOXYETHANOL ESTERS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
FURFURAL 000098-01-1
005465 FERON VJ, A KRUYSSE AND HC DREEF VANDER MEULEN. 1979. REPEATED EXPOSURE TO FURFURAL VAPOR: 13 WEEK STUDY IN SYRIAN GOLDEN HAMSTERS.
ZENTRASE. BAKTEVIOL PAVASITEN KD INFECTION SKV HYG ABT 1 ORIG REIHE B. 168(5-6): 442-451.
US EPA. 1988. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR FURFURAL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON,DC.
R2-2
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
METHACRYLONITRILE 000126-98-7
005811 POZZANI, UC, CR KINKEAD AND JM KING. 1968. THE MAMMALIAN TOXICITY OF METHACRYLONITRILE. AM INO HYG ASSOC J. 29(3): 202-210.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SELECTED NITRILES, PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
METHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2- 000110-49-6
010001 MILLER RR, LL CALHOUN AND BL YANO. 1982. ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER: 13-WEEK VAPOR INHALATION STUDY IN MALE RABBITS. REPORT
PREPARED FOR THE CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, MARCH 25. 1982.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2- METHOXYETHANOL ACETATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
METHOXYETHANOL, 2- 000109-86-4
010910 MILLER RR, LL CALHOUN, BL YANO. 1982. ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER: 13 WEEK VAPOR INHALATION STUDY IN MALE RABBITS. REPORT
PREPARED FOR THE CMA MARCH 25, 1982.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-METHOXYETHANOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
METHYL ACRYLATE 000096-33-3
010003 KLIMISCH HJ AND W REININGHAUS. 1984. CARCINOGENICITY OF ACRYLATES: LONG-TERM INHALATION STUDIES ON METHYL ACRYLATE (MA) AND N-BUTYL
ACRYLATE (BA) IN RATS. TOXICOLOGIST. 4(1): 53.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYL ACRYLATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 000108-10-1
005562 UNION CARBIDE CORP. 1983. NINETY-DAY INHALATION STUDY IN RATS AND MICE SPONSORED BY CMA. US EPA/OTS PUBLIC FILES 0750507469.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR METHYL ETHYL KETONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE,CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
R2-3
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
METHYL STYRENE (MIXED ISOMERS) 025013-15-4
005567 MRI (MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE). 1984. STUDY OF THE INHALATION CARCINOGENICITY (BIOASSAY) OF VINYL TOLU€NE IN B6C3F1 MICE.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR METHYL STYRENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
005566 FINAL CHRONIC REPORT PERFORMED FOR THE NTP UNDER CONTRACT NO N01-ES-38042.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR METHYL STYRENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
METHYL STYRENE, ALPHA 000098-83-9
010016 WOLF MA, VK ROWE, DD MCCOLLISTER, ET AL. 1956. TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CERTAIN ALKYLATED BENZENES AND BENZENE. ARCH IND
HEALTH. 14: 387-398.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ALPHA- METHYL STYRENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
METHYLENE BROMIDE 000074-95-3
010011 KEYES DG, JW HENCK, GC JERSEY, RJ KOCIBA, DJ SCHWETZ AND TD LANDRY. 1982. METHYLENE BROMIDE: A 90-DAY REPEATED INHALATION
TOXICITY STUDY IN RATS AND DOGS WITH A SUBSEQUENT TWO-YEAR HOLDING PERIOD FOR RATS. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH LAB, HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, DOW CHEMICAL CO., MIDLAND, MI.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR METHYLENE BROMIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
NITROBENZENE 000098-95-3
010518 CUT (CHEMICAL INDUSTRY INSTITUTE OF TOXICOLOGY). 1984. NINETY- DAY INHALATION STUDY OF NITROBENZENE IN F-344 RATS,CD RATS
AND B6C3F1 MICE WITH COVER LETTER DATED 6/24/84 AND EPA RESPONSE DATED 8/06/84, UNPUBLISHED STUDY. FYI-OTS-0784-0333 AND
COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF PATHOLOGY FINDING.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR NITROBENZENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON,
DC.
R2-4
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) March 1994
TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE 000075-69-4
005501 JENKINS, LJ, RA JONES, RA COON AND J SIEGAL. 1970. REPEATED AND CONTINUOUS EXPOSURES OF LABORATORY ANIMALS TO
TRICHLOROFLUORMETHANE. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 16: 133-142.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR FULLY HALOGENATED METHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
R2-5
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HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
ACEPHATE
EXPERIMENT LEMCTH
SPECIES
TARGET
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•B/k9/day)1 (^/kg/day)1
030560-19-1
IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L)1 (ug/cu •)-!
IRIS
010086
ACROLEIN
000107-02-8
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
005001
ACRYLAMIDE 000079-06-1
ORAL: DRINKING 2 YEARS
UATER RAT
IRIS
IRIS
4.5E+0
TUMORS
THYROID TUMORS
UTERUS TUMORS
ORAL CAVITY TUMORS
CENTRAL NERVOUS TUMORS
SYSTEM
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
ACRYLONITRILE
000107-13-1
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
HUNAN LUNG TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
2.4E-1
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
010087
IRIS
005004
005003
ALACHLOR 015972-60-8
ORAL: DIET MULTIPLE SITES TUMORS
B2
8E-2
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEU. NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
2.3E-6
010180
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-1
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
ALDRIN
ORAL: DIET
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES TARGET
000309-00-2
MOUSE LIVER
CANCER
CARCINOMA
[EPA
GROUP]
IRIS
{SLOPE FACTOR]
ORAL INHALATION
IRIS
1.7E+1
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
' (UQ/cu •)-!
IRIS
IRIS
005006
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
INHALATION [UNIT RISK] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
ALLYL CHLORIDE
000107-05-1
IRIS 010181
GENERAL COMMENT: FOR RCRA ACTIVITIES ONLY. CONTACT THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SECTION (202) 260-4761 FOR RCRA APPROVED NUMERIC ASSESSMENT OF THIS
COMPOUND.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
ANILINE 000062-53-3
IRIS IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
010088
ARAMITE 000140-57-8
ORAL: DIET 104 IKS
RAT LIVER
IRIS
IRIS
TUMORS
2.5E-2
IRIS
IRIS
010206
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITV (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
ARSENIC, INORGANIC
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL
007440-38-2
HUNAN
IRIS
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
TUMORS
5.0E+1
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS
IRIS
010925
005007
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-2
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL MUTE
ASBESTOS
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
001332-21-4
TARGET
CANCER
[EPA
GROUP]
IRIS
IRIS
[SLOPE FACTOR]
ORAL INHALATION
UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L)1 (ug/cu •)-!
IRIS
005010
005919
ATRAZINE
ORAL: DIET
001912-24-9
2 TEARS
RAT
MAMMARY GLAND
MAMMARY GLAND
MAMMARY GLAND
MAMMARY GLAND
ADENOMA
FIBROADENONA
ADENOCARCINOMA
CARCINOSARCOMA
2.22E-1
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
6.3E-6
010380
AZOBENZENE
ORAL: DIET
000103-33-3
2 YEARS
IRIS
RAT ABDOMINAL CAVITY SARCOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
IRIS
1.1E-1
IRIS IRIS
010089
BENZENE
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL
000071-43-2
HUMAN BLOOD
IRIS
IRIS
LEUKEMIA
2.9E-2
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
IRIS IRIS
005011
BENZIDINE 000092-87-5
IRIS IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS IRIS
005014
BENZOTRICHLORIDE
000098-07-7
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
010092
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-3
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
BENZOIAIANTHRACENE
BENZO[A]PYRENE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
000056-55-3
000050-32-8
BENZO[B]FLUORANTHENE 000205-99-2
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
CANCER GROUP] (•a/kg/day)'1
IRIS
IRIS IRIS
IRIS
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L)-1 (ug/cu «)-1
010182
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
010508
010183
BENZO[K]FLUORANTHENE 000207-08-9
IRIS 010090
GENERAL COMMENT: FOR RCRA ACTIVITIES ONLY. CONTACT THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SECTION (202) 260-4761 FOR ROM APOROVED NUMERIC ASSESSMENT Of THIS
COMPOUND.
BENZYL CHLORIDE
000100-44-7
IRIS IRIS
BERYLLIUM 007440-41-7
IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS
IRIS
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL
IRIS
HUNAN LUNG TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
8.4E+0
IRIS
010093
005018
005017
BISI2-CHLOROETHYL) ETHER 000111 -44-4
ORAL 560 DAYS
MOUSE LIVER
IRIS IRIS
1.1E+0
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
IRIS IRIS
005076
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-4
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
[SLOPE FACTOR] [UNIT RISK]
EXPERIMENT LENGTH [EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET CANCER GROUP] (^/kg/day) 1(^/ka/day)' (m/L)1 (i«/cu «)-1
BISI2-CHLOROISOPROPYL) ETHER 039638-32-9
ORAL: GAVAGE 2 YEARS C 7E-2 3.5E-2 2E-6 1E-5 005079
MOUSE LIVER TUMORS
LUNG TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION (SOX RESPIRATORY ABSORPTION). SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: FORMERLY LISTED AS BIS(2-CHLORO-1-METHYL(ETHYL)ETHER). ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN
CARCINOGENICITY).
BISI2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE / (DEHP) 000117-81-7
IRIS IRIS IRIS 005120
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER 000542-88-1
INHALATION: 10-100 DAYS IRIS IRIS 2.2E+2 IRIS IRIS 005077
INTERMITTENT RAT RESPIRATORY TUMORS
SYSTEM
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE 000075-27-4
IRIS IRIS IRIS 005148
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
BROMOETHENE / (VINYL BROMIDE) 000593-60-2
INHALATION: 2 YEARS B2 1.1E-1 3.2E-5 010094
INTERMITTENT RAT LIVER TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 3-5
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 199t
CHEMICAL ROUTE
BROMOFORM
ORAL: GAVAGE
EXPERIMENT LENGTN
SPECIES
TARGET
CANCER
[EPA
GROUP]
[SLOPE FACTOR]
ORAL INHALATION
000075-25-2
2 TEARS
RAT
INTESTINE. LARGE
IRIS
ADENONATOUS POLYP
ADENOCARCINONA
IRIS
3.9E-3
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION
(ug/LV1 (ug/cu •)-!
IRIS
IRIS
REFERENCE
005150
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITT (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
BUTADIENE, 1.3-
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
IRIS
000106-99-0
MOUSE MULTIPLE SITES TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
1.8E+0
IRIS
010477
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE. N- 000085-68-7
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
005122
CADMIUM
007440-43-9
IRIS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: THERE IS INADEQUATE EVIDENCE FOR THE CARCINOGENICITY OF THIS COMPOUND BY THE ORAL ROUTE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CAPTAFOL
ORAL: DIET
002425-06-1
HOUSE
IRIS
8.6E-3
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM LYMPHOSARCOMA
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CAPTAN
000133-06-2
B2
3.5E-3
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW. NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
2.4E-7
1.0E-7
005019
010095
010184
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-6
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•g/kg/dBy)-1(«a/kfl/day>t
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(i«/L)1 (ug/cu •)-!
CARBAZOLE
ORAL: DIET
000086-74-8
96 WEEKS
MOUSE LIVER
2E-Z
5.7E-7
010096
TUMORS
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
ORAL: DIET
000056-23-5
LIVER
TUMORS
IRIS
IRIS
5.3E-2
IRIS
IRIS
005022
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
INHALATION [UNIT RISK] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. INCORPORATES AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 0.4.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CHLORANIL
ORAL: DIET
000118-75-2
82 UEEKS
HOUSE LIVER
LUNG
4.03E-1
1.2E-5
010097
TUMORS
TUMORS
CHLORDANE
ORAL: DIET
000057-74-9
HOUSE LIVER
IRIS
IRIS
1.3E+0
IRIS
IRIS
005024
CARCINOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS OH HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CHLORO-2-METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIOE, 4-
ORAL: DIET 18 MONTHS
MOUSE CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
003165-93-3
B2
HENANGIOMA
HENANGIOSARCONA
4.6E-1
1.3E-5
010419
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-7
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 199*
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•B/ko/dBy)-1(Bg/kg/dBy)1
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(U9/L)' (ug/cu «)-1
CHLORO-2-METHYLANILINE. 4- 000095-69-2
ORAL: DIET 18 MONTHS
MOUSE CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
B2
HENANGIOMA
NENANGIOSARCOMA
5.SE-1
1.6E-5
010098
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: RASED ON VASCULAR TUMORS IN MICE TREATED WITH 4- CHLORO-2-METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
CHLOROBENZILATE
ORAL: GAVAGE.
DIET
000510-15-6
82 UEEKS
MOUSE LIVER
2.7E-1
2.7E-1
7.8E-6 7.8E-5
010848
HEPATONA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: ABSORBANCE BY THE INHALATION ROUTE UAS ASSUMED TO EQUAL ORAL ABSORPTION SINCE THERE WERE NO PHARNACOKINETIC DATA TO
THE CONTRARY. SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
INHALATION [UNIT RISK] COMMENT: ABSORBANCE BY THE INHALATION ROUTE UAS ASSUMED TO EQUAL ORAL ABSORPTION SINCE THERE WERE NO PHARNACOKINETIC DATA
TO THE CONTRARY.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CHLOROFORM
000067-66-3
ORAL: GAVAGE 78 UEEKS
MOUSE
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
8.1E-2
IRIS
005036
005035
LIVER
CARCINOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CHLOROMETHANE
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000074-87-3
24 MONTHS
MOUSE KIDNEY
1.3E-2
6.3E-3
TUMORS
3.7E-7 1.8E-6
005038
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENCIITY).
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-8
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET
CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER 000107-30-2
CANCER
[EPA
[SLOPE FACTOR]
ORAL INHALATION
CROUP] (•s/kg/dey)1(«a/kfl/day)
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(UB/CU «)-1
IRIS 005081
GENERAL COMMENT: FOR RCRA ACTIVITIES ONLY. CONTACT THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SECTION (202) 260-4761 FOR RCRA APPROVED NUMERIC ASSESSMENT OF THIS
COMPOUND.
CHLORONITROBENZENE. O- 000088-73-3
ORAL: DIET 18 MONTHS
MOUSE LIVER
2.5E-2
7.1E-7
010099
TUMORS
CHLORONITROBENZENE, P- 000100-00-5
ORAL: DIET 18 MONTHS
MOUSE CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
B2
1.8E-2
5.1E-7
010100
TUMORS
CHLOROTHALONIL
ORAL: DIET
001897-45-6
27-32 MONTHS
RAT KIDNEY
1.1E-2
010384
TUMOR
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITV (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CHROMIUM(VI)
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL
018540-29-9
IRIS
4.1E+1
IRIS
005091
HUMAN
LUNG
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
CHRYSENE 000218-01-9
IRIS 010185
GENERAL COMMENT: FOR RCRA ACTIVITIES ONLY, CONTACT THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SECTION (202) 260-4761 FOR RCRA APPROVED NUMERIC ASSESSMENT OF THIS
COMPOUND. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-9
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
COKE OVEN EMISSIONS
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL
008007-45-2
HUMAN
CANCER
TUMORS
[EPA
GROUP]
IRIS
[SLOPE FACTOR]
ORAL INHALATION
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET
[SLOPE FACTOR] OMIT RISK]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CANCER GROUP] (*)/ka/
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY (torch 1994
[SLOPE FACTOR] [UNIT RISK]
EXPERIMENT LENGTH (EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET CANCER GROUP] (^/kg/day)1 (^/kg/day)1 (ifl/L)1 (l«/cu •)-!
DIBROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE, 1,2 000096-12-8
ORAL: DIET 82 1.4E+0 4E-5 010484
STOMACH TUMORS
KIDNEY TUMORS
LIVER TUMORS
[EPA GROUP] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
INHALATION: 12 2.4E-3 6.9E-7 010519
INTERMITTENT RAT. HOUSE NASAL CAVITY TUMORS
DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE 000124-48-1
IRIS IRIS IRIS 010891
GENERAL COMMENT: FORMERLY LISTED AS CHLORODIBROMOMETHANE. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
DIBROM OETH ANE, 1,2- 000106-93-4
IRIS IRIS IRIS 005818
GENERAL COMMENT: FORMERLY LISTED UNDER ETHYLENE DIBRONIDE
INHALATION: 88-103 WEEKS IRIS 7.6E-1 IRIS 005071
INTERMITTENT RAT NASAL CAVITY TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGEHICITY).
DICHLORO-2-BUTENE, 1,4- 000764-41 -0
INHALATION: 90 DAYS B2 9.3E+0 2.6E-3 005053
INTERMITTENT RAT NASAL PASSAGES TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: FORMERLY LISTED UNDER DICHLOROBUTENES
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 3-12
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,4-
ORAL: SAVAGE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
000106-46-7
103 UEEKS
MOUSE LIVER
CANCER
TUMORS
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•g/kg/dBy)1Uv/kg/day>1
2.4E-Z
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITT (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L)1 (ug/cu •)-!
6.8E-7
005050
DICHLOROBENZIDINE, 3.3'- 000091-94-1
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
005815
DICHLOROETHANE. 1,1-
000075-34-3
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
005055
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,2- 000107-06-2
ORAL: GAVAGE 78 UEEKS.
RAT CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM
IRIS
IRIS
SARCOMA
9.1E-2
IRIS
IRIS
005058
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED OH ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
DICHLOROETHYLENE. 1.1-
000075-35-4
INHALATION
12 MONTHS
MOUSE
KIDNEY
IRIS
IRIS
ADENOCARCINOHA
IRIS
1.2E+0
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS
IRIS
005060
005059
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-13
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL
ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
DICHLOROPROPANE. 1.2-
ORAL: SAVAGE
TARGET
000078-87-5
LIVER
CANCER
TUMORS
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•a/k8/dBy)1Gw/ka/1
6.8E-2
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
DICHLOROPROPENE, 1,3- / (TELONE II)
ORAL: GAVAGE 104
MOUSE
ORAL: GAVAGE
104 WEEKS
RAT
000542-75-6
BLADDER
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
FORESTCMACN
LIVER
FORESTOMACH
IRIS
1.8E-1
CARCINOMA
ALVEOLAR/
BRONCHIOLAR
ADENOMA
PAPILLONA/
CARCINOMA
NEOPLASTIC
NODULE/CARCINOMA
PAPILLONA/
CARCINOMA
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: THE [SLOPE] IS THE GEOMETRIC MEAN OF SLOPE FACTORS OF COMBINED TUMORS LISTED.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
2 YEARS
MOUSE
IRIS
1.3E-1
ADENOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
DIELDRIN
ORAL: DIET
000060-57-1
MOUSE LIVER
IRIS
IRIS
1.6E+1
CARCINOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
INHALATION [UNIT RISK] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE-TO-ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L)'1 (ug/cu •)-!
1.9E-6
005062
5E-6
010946
3.7E-5
010104
IRIS
IRIS
005816
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-14
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL MUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES TARGET
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
CANCER GROUP] (•B/kfl/day)1(«B/ka/dBy)1
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL
ORAL: DIET
000056-53-1
MOUSE
MAMMARY GLAND CARCINOMA
DIMETHOXYBENZIDINE. 3.3'- 000119-90-4
ORAL: DIET LIFETIME
HAMSTER
FORESTOMACH PAPILLONA
BZ
DIMETHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE. 2.4- 021436-96-4
ORAL: DIET 18 MONTHS
MOUSE LUNG TUMORS
DIMETHYLANILINE. 2,4- 000095-68-1
ORAL: DIET 18 MONTHS
MOUSE LUNG
DIMETHYLBENZIDINE. 3,3'- 000119-93-7
ORAL: GAVAGE 30 DAYS
RAT
TUMORS
TUMORS
4.7E+3
1.4E-2
5.8E-1
7.5E-1
9.2E+0
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L)' (ug/cu •)-!
1.3E-1
4E-7
1.7E-5
2.1E-5
2.6E-4
010485
010106
010108
010107
010109
DIMETH YLBENZ[A] ANTHRACENE, 7,12- 000057-97-6
010297
GENERAL COMMENT: FOR RCRA ACTIVITIES ONLY. CONTACT THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SECTION (202) 260-4761 FOR RCRA APPROVED NUMERIC ASSESSMENT OF THIS
COMPOUND.
DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,1- 000057-14-7
GENERAL COMMENT: NO EPA GROUP CLASSIFICATION UAS PROVIDED IN THE REFERENCE DOCUMENT, THEREFORE THIS COMPOUND UAS REMOVED FROM TABLE 3.
DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE. 1.2- 000540-73-8
B2
GENERAL COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
DIMETHYLSULFATE 000077-78-1
010962
IRIS
010112
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-15
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
[SLOPE FACTOR] [UNIT RISK]
EXPERIMENT LENGTH [EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET CANCER CROUP] (v/kg/day)'(•a/kg/day)1 (ua/L)1 (ug/cu •)-!
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,4- 000121-14-2
IRIS IRIS IRIS 005066
GENERAL COMMENT: LISTED AS •DINITROTOLUENE MIXTURE. 2.4-X2.6-" OH IRIS. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHROHIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITT (OTHER THAN
CARCINOGENICITY).
DINITROTOLUENE. 2.6- 000606-20-2
IRIS IRIS IRIS 005068
GENERAL COMMENT: LISTED AS •DINITROTOLUENE MIXTURE. 2,4-/2,6-» OH IRIS. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHROHIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN
CARCINOGENICITT).
DIOXANE, 1,4- 000123-91-1
IRIS IRIS kRIS 010298
DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 000122-66-7
ORAL: DIET 2 TEARS IRIS IRIS 8.0E-1 IRIS IRIS 005070
RAT LIVER TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HfcAST.
DIRECT BLACK 38 001937-37-7
ORAL: DIET 93 OATS A 8.6E+0 2.4E-4 010113
RAT LIVER TUMORS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMNEHT: UNDER REVIEW. NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
DIRECT BLUE 6 002602-46-2
ORAL: DIET 91 DAYS A 8.1E«0 2.3E-4 010114
RAT LIVER TUMORS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEU. NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 3-16
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 199*
CHEMICAL ROUTE
DIRECT BROWN 95
ORAL: DIET
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES TARGET
016071-86-6
91 DATS
RAT LIVER
[SLOPE FACTOR] (UNIT RISK!
[EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CANCER GROUP] (MB/kg/dey)'(•B/kfl/doy)1 (ug/L)1 (ug/cu «>-1
9.3E+0
TUMORS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
2.6E-4
010115
DIRECT SKY BLUE 6B
002610-05-1
B2 010116
DEPA GROUP] COMMENT: BASED ON THE FACT THAT 3,3-DINETNOXYBENZIDINE. A KNOWN EPA GROUP B2 CARCINOGEN, IS A METABOLITE OF DIRECT SKY BLUE 6B.
EPICHLOROHYDRIN
000106-89-8
INHALATION: 30 DATS,
INTERMITTENT OBSERVED LIFETIME
RAT NASAL CAVITY
IRIS IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
4.2E-3
IRIS
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
010198
010117
ETHYL ACRYLATE 000140-88-5
ORAL: GAVAGE 104 WEEKS
RAT FORESTOMACH
B2
4.8E-2
TUMORS
1.4E-6
010118
ETHYLENE OXIDE
ORAL: GAVAGE
000075-21-8
LIFETIME, TWICE WEEKLY
RAT STOMACH TUMORS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
B1
1.02E+0
2.9E-5
010421
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
2 YEARS
RAT
B1
3.5E-1
1E-4
BLOOD
BRAIN
LEUKEMIA
GLIOHA
INHALATION [UNIT RISK] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
010422
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-17
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
ETHYLENE THIOUREA
ORAL: GAVAGE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•g/k9/day)1(HB/ka/day)'
000096-45-7
2 TEARS
HOUSE
LIVER
ADENOMA/
CARCINOMA, COMBINED
1.1E-1
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
FOLPET 000133-07-3
IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
FORMALDEHYDE
INHALATION
000050-00-0
24 MONTHS
RAT NASAL CAVITY
IRIS
TUMORS
4.SE-2
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
FURAZOLIDONE
ORAL: DIET
000067-45-8
45 WEEKS
RAT
3.8E+0
TUMORS
GENERAL COMMENT: FORMERLY LISTED UNDER NITROFURANS
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(U0/L)'1 (ug/cu •)-!
3.4E-6
010947
IRIS
1E-4
IRIS
010120
010121
005106
FURIUM
ORAL: DIET
000531-82-8
28 WEEKS
MOUSE
B2
5.0E+1
BLOOD
GENERAL CONHEOT: FORMERLY LISTED UNDER NITROFURANS
LEUKEMIA
1.4E-3
005108
GLYCIDALDEHYDE
000765-34-4
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
010122
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-18
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
HEPTACHLOR
ORAL: DIET
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES TARGET
000076-44-8
MOUSE LIVER
CANCER
CARCINOMA
[EPA
GROUP]
IRIS
[SLOPE FACTOR]
ORAL INHALATION
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L)1 (ug/CU •)-!
IRIS
4.5E+0
IRIS
IRIS
005820
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE
ORAL: DIET
001024-57-3
18-24 MONTHS
MOUSE LIVER
IRIS
CARCINOMA
IRIS
9.1E+0
IRIS
IRIS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON KEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
HEXACHLOROBENZENE
ORAL: DIET
RAT
000118-74-1
LIVER
TUMORS
IRIS
IRIS
1.6E+0
IRIS
IRIS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
010424
010365
HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE 000087-68-3
ORAL: DIET 22-24 MONTHS
RAT KIDNEY
IRIS
IRIS
7.8E-2
IRIS
IRIS
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, ALPHA- 000319-84-6
ORAL: DIET 24 WEEKS
MOUSE LIVER
IRIS
IRIS
6.3E+0
IRIS
IRIS
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
005088
010123
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-19
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 199*
[SLOPE FACTOR] [UNIT RISK]
EXPERIMENT LENGTH [EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET CANCER GROUP] (MB/kg/dayX'taB/kg/day)1 (MJ/L)1 (ug/cu •)-!
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, BETA- 000319-85-7
ORAL: DIET 110 WEEKS IRIS IRIS 1.8E+0 IRIS IRIS 010124
HOUSE LIVER TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
*
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, DELTA- 000319-86-8
IRIS 010125
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITT (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, EPSILON- 006108-10-7
IRIS 010126
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITT (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE. GAMMA- 000058-89-9
ORAL: DIET 110 WEEKS B2-C 1.3E+0 3.7E-5 005096
MOUSE LIVER TUMORS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE-TECHNICAL 000608-73-1
ORAL: DIET 6-20 MONTHS IRIS IRIS 1.8E+0 IRIS IRIS 010127
MOUSE LIVER TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON REAST.
HEXACHLOROETHANE 000067-72-1
ORAL: GAVAGE 78 WEEKS IRIS IRIS 1.4E-2 IRIS IRIS 005090
MOUSE LIVER CARCINOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED OH ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 3-20
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
HYDRAZINE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
000302-01-2
TARGET
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•a/kg/day)1(BO/ka/day)1
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
1 YEAR
RAT
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
1.7E+1
NASAL CAVITY TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(ug/L)1 (UB/CU •)-!
IRIS
IRIS
010129
010128
HYDRAZINE SULFATE
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
010034-93-2
1 YEAR
RAT
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
1.7E+1
NASAL CAVITY
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: LISTED UNDER •KYDRAZIHE" ON IRIS.
IRIS
IRIS
010131
010130
INDENOM ,2,3-CD]PYRENE
000193-39-5
IRIS
010192
ISOPHORONE 000078-59-1
IRIS IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITV (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
005094
LEAD
007439-92-1
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
005096
LINURON
000330-55-2
IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITV).
010383
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-21
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL MUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
METHOXY-5-NITROANILINE, 2- 000099-59-2
ORAL: DIET 104 UEEKS
RAT SKIN
CANCER
CARCINOMA
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•g/ko/day)1(BO/ka/day)1
B2
4.6E-2
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(U9/L)1 (ug/cu •)-!
1.3E-6
010132
METHYL HYDRAZINE 000060-34-4
GENERAL COMMENT: NO EPA GROUP CLASSIFICATION HAS PROVIDED IN THE REFERENCE DOCUMENT. THEREFORE THIS COMPOUND IMS REMOVED FROM TABLE 3.
METHYL-5-NITROANILINE, 2- 000099-55-8
ORAL: DIET 98 UEEKS
HOUSE LIVER
3.3E-2
9.4E-7
CARCINOMA
010140
METH YLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE. 2- 000636-21-5
ORAL: DIET 93 UEEKS
RAT SKIN
82
1.8E-1
3.1E-6
FIBROMA
010134
METHYLANILINE. 2-
ORAL: DIET
000095-53-4
93 UEEKS
RAT SKIN
B2
2.4E-1
6.9E-6
FIBROMA
GENERAL COMMENT: THE 1984 KEEP CALLED THIS COMPOUND 0-TOLUIDINE, THE 1987 KEEP CALLED IT 2-METHYLANILINE.
010133
METHYLCHOLANTHRACENE, 3- 000056-49-5
010299
GENERAL COMMENT: FOR RCRA ACTIVITIES ONLY. CONTACT THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SECTION (202) 260-4761 FOR RCRA APPROVED NUMERIC ASSESSMENT OF THIS
COMPOUND.
METHYLENE CHLORIDE / (DICHLOROMETHANE) 000075-09-2
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
005100
005904
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGEHICITY)
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-22
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
[SLOPE FACTOR] [UNIT RISK]
»»».», Mm PB>E?JH£M.l,lB'GTH IH>A ORAL . INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET CANCER GROUP] (^/kfl/day)1(*^kg/day)1 (i^/L)1 (ua/cu «)-1
METHYLENE-BIS(BENZENEAMINE). 4.4- / <4,4'-METHYLENEDIANILINE) 000101-77-9
GENERAL COMMENT: NO EPA GROUP CLASSIFICATION WAS PROVIDED IN THE REFERENCE DOCUMENT. THEREFORE THIS COMPOUND WAS REMOVED FROM TABLE 3.
METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE), 4,4'- 000101-14-4
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS B2 1.3E-1 1.3E-1 3.7E-6 3.7E-5 010425
RAT LUNG TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST. BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
METHYLENE-BIS(N,N'-DIMETHYL)ANILINE,4,4'- 000101-61-1
IRIS IRIS IRIS 010137
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHROHIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
METOLACHLOR 051218-45-2
IRIS 010951
MIREX 002385-85-5
ORAL: DIET 2 YEARS BZ 010952
RAT LIVER ADENOMA
LIVER CARCINOMA
[EPA GROUP] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
NIAGARA BLUE 4B 002429-74-5
B2 010U1
[EPA GROUP] COMMENT: BASED ON THE FACT THAT 3.3-DIMETHOXYBENZIDINE. A KNOWN EPA GROUP B2 CARCINOGEN. IS A METABOLITE OF NIAGARA BLUE 48.
IRIS. ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 3-23
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
CANCER
{SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•B/kg/day)-1(MB/ka/day>1
CUNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION
(ua/D1 (ua/cu •)-!
REFERENCE
NICKEL REFINERY DUST
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL HUMAN
IRIS
8.4E-1
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
TUMORS
IRIS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: FORMERLY LISTED AS NICKEL. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (UNDER NICKEL).
NICKEL SUBSULFIDE
INHALATION:
OCCUPATIONAL
012035-72-2
IRIS
1.7E+0
IRIS
HUMAN
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: FORMERLY LISTED AS NICKEL. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (UNDER NICKEL).
005103
005768
NITROFURAZONE
ORAL: DIET
000059-87-0
46 UEEKS
RAT
1.5E+0
4.3E-5
TUMORS
005110
NITROPROPANE, 2-
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
000079-46-9
22 MONTHS
RAT LIVER
82
9.4E+0
2.7E-3
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
010142
NITROSO-DI-N-BUTYLAMINE, N- 000924-16-3
ORAL: DRINKING LIFETIME
UATER MOUSE BLADDER
ESOPHAGUS
IRIS
IRIS
5.4E+0
IRIS
IRIS
TUMORS
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
010143
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-24
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET
NITROSO-DI-N-PROPYLAMINE. N- 000621-64-7
ISLOPE FACTOR] OMIT RISK]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CANCER GROUP] (•B/kfl/day)1(«B/ksAfay)1 (ug/L)1 (ug/cu •)-!
IRIS IRIS
IRIS
010U7
NITROSO-N-ETHYLUREA. N- 000759-73-9
ORAL: DRINKING 203 DAYS
WATER RAT INTESTINE
•2
GASTROINTESTINAL
TUMORS
1.4E+2
010426
[EPA GROUP] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW. CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: FOR RCRA ACTIVITIES ONLY, CONTACT THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SECTION (202) 382-4761 FOR ROW-APPROVED NUMERIC ASSESSMENT FOR THIS
COMPOUND. UNDER REVIEW.
NITROSO-N-METHYLUREA, N- 000684-93-5
ORAL: GAVAGE 308 DAYS
GUINEA PIG PANCREAS
82
ADENOCARCINOMA
DEPA GROUP] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: THE CRAVE WORK GROUP (04/01/92) STATES THERE IS NO ACCEPTABLE QUANTITATION FOR NITROSO-N-NETHVLUREA. N-.
NITROSODIETHANOLAMINE, N- 001116-54-7
IRIS IRIS
IRIS
010427
010144
NITROSODIETHYLAMINE, N- 000055-18-5
ORAL: DRINKING 6 OR 12 MONTHS
WATER RAT LIVER
IRIS IRIS
1.5E+2
IRIS IRIS
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
010145
NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE, N- 000062-75-9
ORAL: DRINKIMG
WATER RAT LIVER
IRIS IRIS
5.1E+1
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
IRIS IRIS
010146
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER IMFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-25
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 199*
[SLOPE FACTOR] {UNIT RISK]
EXPERIMENT LENGTH [EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET CANCER GROUP] (ag/kg/day)1(••/kg/day)1 (ug/L)1 (uo/cu «>-1
NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE, N- 000086-30-6
IRIS IRIS IRIS 005112
NITROSOMETHYLETHYLAMINE. N- 010595-95-6
IRIS IRIS IRIS 010148
NITROSOMETHYLVINYLAMINE, N 004549-40-0
INHALATION BZ 010149
RAT UPPER RESPIRATORY CARCINOMAS
TRACT
ORAL: DRINKING
UATER UPPER DIGESTIVE CARCINOMAS
TRACT
NITROSOPYRROLIDINE, N- 000930-55-2
ORAL: DIET LIFETIME IRIS IRIS 2.1E-KI IRIS IRIS 010300
RAT LIVER TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
PARATHION 000056-38-2
IRIS 005116
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXIC1TY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
PENTABROMO-6-CHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, 1.2,3,4,5- 000087-84-3
ORAL: DIET 2 TEARS C 2.3E-2 6.6E-7 010150
RAT INTESTINE, LARGE TUMORS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON RESULTS WITH THE ALPHA ISONER.
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 3-26
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LEMGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
PENTACHLORONITROBENZENE
ORAL 72 WEEKS
MOUSE
000082-68-8
LIVER
CANCER
TUMORS
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•B/kg/dBy)1(«B/kfl/1
2.6E-1
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW. NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHROHIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
OMIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION
(UB/L)'1
7.4E-6
(ug/cu •)-!
REFERENCE
010151
PENTACHLOROPHENOL 000087-86-5
IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITT).
IRIS
010381
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, O- 000095-54-5
ORAL: DIET 548 DAYS
RAT LIVER
B2
4.7E-2
TUMORS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON LIVER TUMORS IN RATS TREATED WITH 0-PKENYLENEDIAMINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY.
1.3E-6
010152
PHENYLPHENOL, 2-
ORAL: DIET
000090-43-7
637 DAYS
1.94E-3
RAT
URINARY BLADDER TUMORS
5.5E-8
010153
POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS
ORAL: GAVAGE 25 WEEKS
RAT
LIVER
LIVER
B2
CARCINOMA
NEOPLASTIC NODULE
8.9E+0
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 001336-36-3
IRIS
IRIS
2.5E-4
IRIS
010154
005118
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM. IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-27
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL MUTE
PROPYLENE OXIDE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
000075-56-9
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•B/kg/day)'(«B/kg/day)1
INHALATION:
INTERMITTENT
2 YEARS
MOUSE
NASAL CAVITY
IRIS
IRIS
IRIS
1.3E-2
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
(UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(U9/L)1
IRIS
(ug/cu
IRIS
010156
010155
QUINOLINE
ORAL: DIET
000091-22-5
20-40 WEEKS
RAT LIVER
1.2E+1
TUMORS
3.5E-4
010158
RDX / (CYCLONITE)
000121-82-4
IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS
010157
SELENIUM SULFIDE
007446-34-6
IRIS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: STUDY RESULTS HERE CONSIDERED INCONCLUSIVE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT.
010194
SIMAZINE
ORAL: DIET
000122-34-9
2 YEARS
RAT
1.2E-1
CARCINOMA
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
3.4E-6
010195
SODIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE 000148-18-5
ORAL: DIET 77 WEEKS
MOUSE LIVER
2.7E-1
TUMORS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
7.7E-6
005126
IRIS. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-28
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
[SLOPE FACTOR] [UNIT RISK]
EXPERIMENT LEMGTH DEPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CHEMICAL ROUTE SPECIES TARGET CANCER GROUP] (•0/kg/day)1(«o/ka/day)1 (ug/L)1 (ua/cu a)-1
STYRENE 000100-42-5
010480
GENERAL CONNENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300. ALSO SEE NEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC
TOXICITT (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
TCDD. 2.3.7.8- 001746-01-6
ORAL: DIET 720 DATS B2 1.5E+5 1.5E+5 4.5E+0 3.3E-5 005128
(PG/CU N)-1
RAT RESPIRATORY TUMORS
SYSTEM
LIVER TUMORS
ORAL [SLOPE] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II: DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
INHALATION (UNIT RISK] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW. NUMBER SUBJECT TO CHANGE. BASED OH ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. AN ABSORPTION FACTOR OF 75X IS
USED TO CALCULATE THE UNIT RISK FROM THE SLOPE FACTOR.
TETRACHLOROETHANE. 1.1.1.2- 000630-20-6
ORAL: GAVAGE 103 WEEKS IRIS IRIS 2.6E-2 IRIS IRIS 010302
LIVER TUMOR
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1.1.2.2- 000079-34-5
ORAL- GAVAGE 75 WEEKS IRIS IRIS 2.0E-1 IRIS IRIS 005130
MOUSE LIVER CARCINOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] CONNENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE 000127-18-4
010482
GENERAL CONNENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300. ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHROHIC AND CHRONIC
TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254. 3-29
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (MO/lta/day)1 (NBAs/day)1
TETRACHLOROTOLUENE, PARA, ALPHA, ALPHA, ALPHA- 005216-25-1
ORAL: GAVAGE 17.5 WEEKS B2
MOUSE LUNG ADENOCARCINONA
2.0E+1
[UNIT RISK]
ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
(U8/L)' (ug/cu •)-!
5.7E-4
0050Z8
TETRACHLOROVINPHOS / (STIROFOS) 000961-11 -5
ORAL: DIET 560 DAYS
MOUSE LIVER
TUMORS
2.4E-2
[EPA GROUP] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
6.9E-7
010159
TOLUENE-2.4-DIAMINE 000095-80-7
ORAL: DIET 84-103 WEEKS
RAT
BZ
TUMORS
3.2E+0
9.1E-5
010160
TOLUIDINE. P-
ORAL: DIET
000106-49-0
18 MONTHS
MOUSE LIVER
TUMORS
1.9E-1
5.4E-6
010162
TOXAPHENE
ORAL: DIET
008001-35-2
18 MONTHS
MOUSE LIVER
IRIS
TUMORS
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
INHALATION (UNIT RISK] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION.
IRIS
1.1E+0
IRIS
IRIS
005134
TRICHLOROANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE. 2.4,6- 033663-50-2
ORAL: DIET 18 MONTHS
MOUSE VASCULAR SYSTEM TUMORS
2.9E-2
8.2E-7
005142
TRICHLOROANILINE. 2,4,6- 000634-93-5
ORAL: DIET 18 MONTHS
MOUSE VASCULAR SYSTEM
TUMORS
3.4E-2
1E-6
010487
IRIS, EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513J 569-7254.
3-30
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
[SLOPE FACTOR! OMIT RISK]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION ORAL INHALATION REFERENCE
CANCER GROUP] (•a/kaAfayV'taB/kfl/day)1 (i«/L)1 (ua/cu •)-!
TRICHLOROETHANE. 1.1.2- 000079-00-5
ORAL: GAVAGE 78 UEEKS
MOUSE LIVER
IRIS IRIS
5.7E-2
IRIS IRIS
005144
CARCINOMA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED ON ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITT (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
TRICHLOROETHYLENE 000079-01-6
GENERAL COMMENT: CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
010483
TRICHLOROPHENOL. 2,4.6- 000088-06-2
ORAL: DIET 107 UEEKS
MOUSE BLOOD
IRIS
IRIS
1E-2
IRIS
LEUKEMIA
INHALATION [SLOPE] COMMENT: BASED OH ROUTE TO ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION. SEE APPENDIX A-II, DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2.3-
ORAL: GAVAGE
RAT
000096-18-4
MULTIPLE SITES
B2
TUMORS,
BENIGN/MALIGNANT,
COMBINED
7E+0
[EPA GROUP] COMMENT: UNDER REVIEW, CLASSIFICATION SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
2E-4
IRIS
010428
010849
TRIFLURALIN 001582-09-8
IRIS IRIS
GENERAL COMMENT: ALSO SEE HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY).
IRIS
010163
TRIMETHYL PHOSPHATE 000512-56-1
ORAL: GAVAGE 103 UEEKS
MOUSE UTERUS
B2
3.7E-2
TUMORS
1.1E-6
010164
IRIS, ERA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM, IS UPDATED MONTHLY. FURTHER INFORMATION: RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE: (513) 569-7254.
3-31
-------
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
March 1994
CHEMICAL ROUTE
TRINITROTOLUENE, 2,4,6-
EXPERIMENT LENGTH
SPECIES
TARGET
000118-96-7
CANCER
[SLOPE FACTOR]
[EPA ORAL INHALATION
GROUP] (•B/kg/
-------
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
ACEPHATE 030560-19-1
010086 CHEVRON CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1982. MRIO NO 00105197. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. WRITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
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ACROLEIN 000107-02-8
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ACRYLAMIDE 000079-06-1
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R3-1
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ALACHLOR 015972-60-8
010180 STOUT, LD, ET AL. 1983. A CHRONIC STUDY OF ALACHLOR ADMINISTERED IN FEED TO LONG-EVANS RATS. EHL «800218, PROJECT NO. ML-80-186,
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R3-2
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ALLYL CHLORIDE 000107-05-1
010181 US EPA. 1983. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CHLOROPROPENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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ARAMITE 000140-57-8
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010092 FUKUDA K, H METSUSHITA AND K TAKEMOTO. 1978. CARCINOGENICITY OF BENZOTRICHLORIDE BY THE ORAL ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION (J-4774). IN:
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BENZO[A]ANTHRACENE 000056-55-3
010182 REFER TO IRIS.
US EPA. 1990. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
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010508 MEAL J, RH RI GOON. 1967. GASTRIC TUMORS IN MICE FED 8ENZOCA1PYRENE. A QUANTITATIVE STUDY. TEX REP BIOL MED. 25: 553.
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BENZO[B]FLUORANTHENE 000205-99-2
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010090 REFER TO IRIS.
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BENZYL CHLORIDE 000100-44-7
010093 LIJINSKI U. 1986. CHRONIC BIOASSAY OF BENZYL CHLORIDE IN F344 RATS AND (C57BL/6J X BALB/OF1 MICE. J NATL CANCER INST. 76: 1231-1236.
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005017 WAGONER, JK, PF INFANTE AND DL BAYLISS. 1980. BERYLLIUM: AN ETIOLOGIC AGENT IN THE INDUCTION OF LUNG CANCER, NONNEOPLASTIC
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BROMODICHLOROMETHANE 000075-27-4
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005818 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. BIOASSAY OF 1,2-DIBMMOETNANE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGENESIS REPORT SERIES
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0509754.
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LONG-TERM TOXICITY OR CARCINOGENICITY. J ENVIRON PATHOL TOXICOL. 2: 325-356.
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OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID
WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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HETEROCYCLIC N1TRO OR AMINO DERIVATIVES IN YOUNG FEMALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. CANCER RES. 28(5): 924-933.
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DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 000540-73-8
010479 TOTH B AND K PATEL. 1982. CARCINOGENICITY DOSE RESPONSE STUDY BY CONTINUOUS ADMINISTRATION OF 1,2-DIMETHYL HYDRAZINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE
IN MICE. I. LIGHT AND TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF COLON1C NEOPLASMS. AM J PATH. 84: 69-86.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 1,2-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF
EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE AND OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
DIMETHYLSULFATE 000077-78-1
010112 US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIMETHYL SULFATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,4- 000121 -14-2
005066 ELLIS, HV, SH HAGEUSEN, JR JODGSON ET AL. 1979. MAMMALIAN TOXICITY OF MUNITIONS COMPOUNDS. PHASE III. EFFECTS OF LIFETIME EXPOSURE.
PART I. 2.4-DINITROTOLUENE. NTIS AD-A077692. 281 P.
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE.
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DINITROTOLUENE, 2,6- 000606-20-2
005068 ELLIS HV, SH HAGUESEN, JR JODGSON, ET AL. 1979. MAMMALIAN TOXICITY OF MUNITION COMPOUNDS. PHASE III. EFFECTS OF LIFETIME EXPOSURE.
PART I. 2,4-DINITROTOLUEME. NTIS AD-A077692. 281 P.
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE.
WASHINGTON, DC.
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DIOXANE, 1,4- 000123-91-1
010298 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. BIOASSAY OF 1,4-DlOXANE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGENESIS TECH REP SER NO 80.
DHEW PUBLICATION NO (NIH) PB-285-711.
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DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 000122-66-7
005070 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. BIOASSAY OF HYDRAZOBENZENE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGENESIS TECH REP SER NO
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1980. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR 1,2-DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
DIRECT BLACK 38 001937-37-7
010113 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. 13-WEEK SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES ON DIRECT BLUE 6, DIRECT BLACK 38 AND DIRECT BROWN 95
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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DIRECT BLUE 6 002602-46-2
010114 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. 13-WEEK SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES OF DIRECT BLUE 6, DIRECT BLACK 38, AND DIRECT BROWN 95
DYES. NCI CARCINOGENESIS. TECH REP SER NO. 108. P 127.
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
DIRECT BROWN 95 016071-86-6
010115 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. 13-WEEK SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES OF DIRECT BLUE 6, DIRECT BLACK 38, AND DIRECT BROWN 95
DYES. NCI CARCINOGENESIS. TECH REP SER NO. 108. P 127.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIRECT BROWN 95. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AUD EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
R3-24
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
METOLACHLOR 051218-45-2
010951 US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING MATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR METOLACHLOR. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF
HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER.
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MIREX 002385-85-5
010952 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1990. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF MIREX (CAS NO
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INSTITUTES OF HEALTH.
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NIAGARA BLUE 4B 002429-74-5
010K1 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR NIAGARA BLUE 4B. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
NICKEL REFINERY DUST
005103 CHOVIL, A, RB SUTHERLAND AND M HALLIDAY. 1981. RESPIRATORY CANCER IN A COHORT OF NICKEL SINTER PLANT WORKERS. BR J IND MED. 38:
327-333.
PETO, J, H CUCKLE, R DOOL, ET AL. 1984. RESPIRATORY CANCER MORTALITY OF WELSH NICKEL REFINERY WORKERS. IN: NICKEL IN THE HUMAN
ENVIRONMENT: PROCEEDINGS OF A JOINT SYMPOSIUM, MARCH. 1983. IARC SCIENTIFIC PUBL NO 53, IARC, LYON, FRANCE. P. 36-46.
ENTERLINE, PE AND GM MARSH. 1982. MORTALITY AMONG WORKERS IN A NICKEL REFINERY AND ALLOY MANUFACTURING PLANT IN WEST VIRGINIA. J NAT
CANCER INST. 68: 925-933.
MAGNUS, K, A ANDERSEN AND A HOGETVEIT. 1982. CANCER OF RESPIRATORY ORGANS AMONG WORKERS AT A NICKEL REFINERY IN NORWAY. INT J CANCER.
30: 681-685.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR NICKEL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
DIRECT SKY BLUE 68 002610-05-1
010116 US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR DIRECT SKY BLUE 68. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
EPICHLOROHYDRIN 000106-89-8
010117 LASKIN S, AR SELLAKUMAR, M KUSCHNER, ET AL. 1980. INHALATION CARCINOGENICITY OF EPICHLOROHYDRIN IN NOW-INBRED SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. J
NATL CANCER INST. 65(4): 751-757.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR EPICHLOROHYDRIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC. EPA 600/8-83-032F. NTIS PB85-132363.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR EPICHLOROHYDRIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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010198 KONISHI, T, A KAWABATA, A DENDA, ET AL. 1980. FORESTOMACH TUMORS INDUCED BY ORALLY ADMINISTERED EPICHLOKOHYORIN IN MALE WISTAR RATS.
GANN. 71: 922-923.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR EPICHLOROHYDRIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC. EPA 600/8-83-032F. NTIS PB85-132363.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR EPICHLOROHYDRIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
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ETHYL ACRYLATE 000140-88-5
010118 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1986. CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF ETHYL ACRYLATE IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES).
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ETHYL ACRYLATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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ETHYLENE OXIDE 000075-21-8
010421 DUNKELBERG H. 1982. CARCINOGEN!CITY OF ETHYLENE OXIDE AND 1,2-PROPYLENE OXIDE UPON INTRA-GASTRIC ADMINISTRATION TO RATS. BR J CANCER.
46: 924-933.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR OXIRANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AN& ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
010422 SNELLINGS WM, CS WEIL AND RR MORONPOT. 1981. FINAL REPORT, ETHYLENE OXIDE, TWO YEAR INHALATION STUDY. SUBMITTED TO THE US
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY BY BUSHEY RUN RESEARCH CENTER. PITTSBURGH PA.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR ETHYLENE OXIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC. EPA 600/8-84-009F. NTIS PB86-102597.
ETHYLENE THIOUREA 000096-45-7
010947 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1992. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE PERINATAL TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF ETHYLENE
THIOUREA (CAS NO 96-45-7) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE. (FEED STUDIES). NTP TR 388. US DEPT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES. PUBLIC
HEALTH SERVICE. NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH.
US EPA. 1993. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
FOLPET 000133-07-3
010120 CHEVRON CHEMICAL COMPANY. 1982. CHEVRON STUDY: LIFETIME ONCOGENICITY FEEDING STUDY OF PHOLTON TECHNICAL (SX-946, FOLPET) IN CD-I (ICR
DERIVED) MICE. AUGUST 24. SOCIAL STUDY NO. 1331.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR FOLPET. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
FORMALDEHYDE 000050-00-0
010121 KERNS ET AL., 1983. CARCIMOGENICITY OF FORMALDEHYDE IN RATS AND MICE AFTER LONG-TERM INHALATION EXPOSURE. CANCER RES. 43(9):
4382-4392.
US EPA. 1988. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR FORMALDEHYDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH. FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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FURAZOLIDONE 000067-45-8
005106 US DHEU. 1976. FUROZOL1DONE (NF-180): NOTICE OF OPPORTUNITY FOR HEARING ON PROPOSAL TO WITHDRAW APPROVAL OF CERTAIN NEW ANIMAL DRUG
APPLICATIONS. FEDERAL REGISTER. 41: 19907-19921.
US DHEW. 1976. FUROZOLIDONE, NIHYDRAZONE, FURALTAOONE, NITROFURAZONE. WITHDRAWAL OF PROPOSALS AND NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULE MAKING.
FEDERAL REGISTER. 41: 34884-34921.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR NITROFURANS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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FURIUM 000531-82-8
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
GLYCIDALDEHYDE 000765-34-4
010122 US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR GLYCIDALDEHYDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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HEPTACHLOR 000076-44-8
005820 DAVIS K. 1965. PATHOLOGY REPORT ON MICE FED ALDRIN, DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR. AND HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE FOR TWO YEARS. INTERNAL FDA
MEMORANDUM TO DR. AJ LEHMAN, JULY 19.
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EPSTEIN, SS. 1976. CARCINOGENICITY OF HEPTACHLOR AND CHLORDANE. SCI TOTAL ENVIRON. 6: 103-154.
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147-157.
US EPA. 1986. CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF CHLOROANE AND HEPTACHLOR/HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, CARCINOGEN ASSESSMENT GROUP, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR HEPTACHLOR. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 001024-57-3
010424 DAVIS KJ. 1965. PATHOLOGY REPORT ON NICE FED ALDRIN, DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR AND HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE FOR TWO YEARS. INTERNAL FDA
MEMORANDUM TO DR. A.J. LEHMAN. JULY 19.
VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION. 1973. MRID NO. 00062678. AVAILABLE FROM EPA. URITE TO FOI, EPA, WASHINGTON, DC 20460.
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HEXACHLOROBENZENE 000118-74-1
010365 ERTURK E, RU LAMBRECHT, HA PETERS, DJ CRIPPS ET AL. 1986. ONCOGENICITY OF HEXACHLROBENZENE. IN: HEXACHLROBENZENE: PROC INT SYMP, CR
MORRIS AND JRP CABRAL, ED. IARC SCIENTIFIC PUBL NO. 77, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD. P 417-423.
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HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE 000087-68-3
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ASSOC J. 38: 589-602.
US EPA. 1980. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS,
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HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, ALPHA- 000319-84-6
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DOT, PHENOBARBITONE, BETA-HCH AND GAMMA-HCH. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL. 11: 433-442.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, DELTA- 000319-86-8
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BENZENEHEXACHLORIDE. J NATL CANCER INST. 54: 801-805.
ITO N, H NAGASAKI, M ARIA, ET AL. 1973. HISTOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES ON THE HEPATOCARCINOGENICITY OF BENZENE NEXACHLOR1DE
IN MICE. J NATL CANCER INST. 51: 817-826.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANES. PREPARED BY THE OFF1C? OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, EPSILON- 006108-10-7
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DOSES OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE ISOMERS. CHEMOSPHERE. 1: 279-282.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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DIELDRIN, DDT, PHENOBARBITONE, BETA-BHC AND GAMMA-BHC. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL. 11: 433-442.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH, FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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TUMORIGENICITY. 69: 383-386.
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010129 BIANCIFIORI C. 1970. HEPATOMAS IN CBA/CB/SE MICE AND LIVER LESIONS IN GOLDEN HAMSTERS INDUCED BY HYDRAZINE SULFATE. J NATL CANCER
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE Of SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE. WASHINGTON, DC.
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010128 MACEWEN JD, EH VERNOT, CC HAUN, ER KINKEAD AND A HALL, III. 1981. CHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY OF HYDRAZINE: ONCOGENIC EFFECTS. AIR
FORCE AEROSPACE MEDICAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OH.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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010130 MACEWEN JD, EH VERNOT, CC HAUN, ER K1NKEAD AND A HALL, III. 1981. CHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY OF HYDRAZINE: ONCOGEN1C EFFECTS. AIR
FORCE AEROSPACE MEDICAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OH.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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ISOPHORONE 000078-59-1
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B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). NTP TECH REP SER NO 291, DHHS (NIH)86-2547.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR ISOPHORONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ISOPHORONE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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010140 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. BIOASSAY OF 5-NITRO-0-TOLUID1NE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGEN TECH REP SER NO.
107. 102 P.
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RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE, 2- 000636-21-5
010134 HECHT SS, A EL-BOYOUMY, A RIVENSON AND E FIALA. 1982. COMPARATIVE CARCINOGENICITY OF 0-TOLUIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND 0-NITROSOTOLuENE
IN F-344 RATS. CANCER LETT. 16(1): 103-108.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-METHYLANILINE AND 2-METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE
OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE
AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
METHYLANILINE, 2- 000095-53-4
010133 HECHT SS, A EL-BOYOUMY, A RIVENSON AND E FIALA. 1982. COMPARATIVE CARCINOGENICITY OF 0-TOLUIDINE HYDROCWLORIDE AND 0-NITROTOLUENE IN
F-344 RATS. CANCER LETT. 16(1): 103-108.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-METHYLANILINE AND 2-METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE
OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FO* THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE
AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCE RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
METHYLCHOLANTHRACENE, 3- 000056-49-5
010299 FOR RCRA ACTIVITIES ONLY, CONTACT THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SECTION (202) 260-4761 FOR RCRA APPROVED NUMERIC ASSESSMENT OF THIS COMPOUND.
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«P«i"5II?UA«I?XtCOLOGY PROGRAM>- 1986- TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOOENESIS STUDIES OF DICHLOROMETHANE (METHYLENE CHLORIDE) (CAS NO
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE.
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METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE), 4,4'- 000101 -14-4
010425 KOMMINENI C, DH GROTH, IJ FROCKT, RW VOELKER AND RP STANOVICK. 1979. DETERMINATION OF THE TUMORIGENIC POTENTIAL OF
METHYLENE-B1S-ORTHO-CHLOROANILINE. J ENVIRON PATH TOXICOL. 2(5): 149-171.
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3,3-DICHLOROBENZIDINE, 4,4-METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE) AND 4,4-METHYLENE-BIS(2-METHYLANILINE). TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL. 31(1):
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US EPA. 1990. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 4,4-METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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CONCENTRATIONS OF NDEA, NDMA, NPYR AND NPIP IN THE WATER OF 4440 INBRED RATS, WITH PARALLEL STUDIES ON NDEA ALONE OF THE EFFECT OF
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CONCENTRATIONS OF NDEA, NDMA, NPYR AND NPIP IN THE WATER OF 4440 INBRED RATS, WITH PARALLEL STUDIES ON NDEA ALONE OF THE EFFECT OF
AGE OF STARTING (3. 6 OR 20 WEEKS) AND OF SPECIES (RATS, NICE OR HAMSTERS). IARC SCI PUBL. 57: 627-665.
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WASHINGTON, DC.
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ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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PENTACHLORONITROBENZENE 000082-68-8
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PRELIMINARY NOTE. J NATL CANCER INST. 41: 1101-1114.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR PENTACHLORONITROBENZENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
PENTACHLOROPHENOL 000087-86-5
010381 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1989. TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL (CAS NO
87-86-5) IN B6C3F1 MICE (FEED STUDIES). NTP TECH REPORT NO 349. NIH PUBL NO 89-2804.
US EPA. 1990. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, 0- 000095-54-5
010152 UEISBURGER EK, AB RUSSFIELD AND F HOHBURGER, ET AL. 1978. TESTING OF TWENTY-ONE ENVIRONMENTAL AROMATIC /•MINES OR DERIVATIVES FOR
LONG-TERM TOXICITY OR CARCINOGENICITY. J ENVIRON PATHOL TOXICOL. 2(2): 325-356.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 0-PHENYLENEDIAMINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE /.NO EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
PHENYLPHENOL, 2- 000090-43-7
010153 HIRAGA K AND U FUJI I. 1981. INDUCTION OF TUMOURS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM IN F344 RATS BY DIETARY ADMINISTRATION OF SODIUM
0-PHENYLPHENATE. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL. 19(3): 303-310.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-PHENYLPHENOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
R3-39
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POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS
010154 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1983. CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYL MIXTURE IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE
(GAVAGE STUDIES). FIREMASTER FF-1. CASE NO 67774-32-7. NTP. RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBBS). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE Of SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
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POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 001336-36-3
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HEALTH PERSPECT. 60: 97-105.
US EPA. 1990. DRINKING UATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS). PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING UATER, WASHINGTON,
US EPA. 1990. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
PROPYLENE OXIDE 000075-56-9
010156 DUNKELBERG H. 1982. CARCINOGENICITY OF ETHYLENE OXIDE AND 1,2-PROPYLENE OXIDE UPON INTRAGASTRIC ADMINISTRATION TO RATS. BR J CANCER.
46: 924-933.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR PROPYLENE OXIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
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US EPA. 1990. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
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B6C3F1 MICE (INHALATION STUDIES). NTP TECH REP SER NO. 267. NTP, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC. NIH PUB NO 85-2527.
RENNE RA, WE GIDDENS, GA BOORMAN, R KOVATCH, JE HASEMAN AND WJ CLARKE. 1986. NASAL CAVITY NEOPLASIA IN F344/N RATS AND
(C57BL/6XC3H)F1 MICE INHALING PROPYLENE OXIDE FOR UP TO TWO YEARS. J NATL CANCER INST. 77: 573-582.
US EPA. 1990. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
QUINOLINE 000091-22-5
010158 HIRAO K, Y SHINOHARA, H TSUOA, ET AL. 1976. CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY OF QUINOLINE ON RAT LIVER. CANCER RES. 36: 329-335.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR QUINOLINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
RDX / (CYCLONITE) 000121 -82-4
010157 LISH PM, BS LEVINE, EM FUREDI, EM SAGARTZ AND VS RAC. 1984. DETERMINATION OF THE CHRONIC MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECT OF RDX:
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PHASE VI. VOL 1. ITT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, CHICAGO, IL. US ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMAND, CONTRACT NO. DAMD
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US EPA. 1988. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
SELENIUM SULFIDE 007446-34-6
010194 NCI/NTP (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE/NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1980. BIOASSAY OF SELENIUM SULFIDE (GAVAGE) FOR POSSIBLE
CARCINOGENICITY. NCI TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES NO. 194. NTP NO. 80-17.
US EPA. 1989. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SELENIUM AND COMPOUNDS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
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RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
SIMAZINE 000122-34-9
010195 US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR SIMAZINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
SODIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE 000148-18-5
005126 BRL (BIONETICS RESEARCH LABORATORIES). 1968. EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC TERATOGENIC AND MUTAGENIC ACTIVITIES OF SELECTED PESTICIDES
ON INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS. VOL. I. CARCINOGENIC STUDY. PREPARED FOR NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE. US DEPT COMMERCE, NAT TECH INFO SERV,
WASHINGTON, DC NTIS PB223159.
US EPA. 1938. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SODIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
STYRENE 000100-42-5
010480 CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
R3-41
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TCDD, 2,3,7,8- 001746-01-6
005128 KOCIBA, RJ, DG KEYES, JE BOWER ET AL. 1978. RESULTS OF A TWO-YEAR CHRONIC TOXICITY AND ONCOGENICITY STUDY OF
2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN IN RATS. TOXICOt APPL PHARHACOL. 46(2): 279-303.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI, OH. EPA 600/8-84-014F. NTIS PB86-122546. t""*0""6"™1-
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 2.3,7,8-TCDD. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2- 000630-20-6
010302 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1983. CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF 1,1,1,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE (CAS NO 630-20-6) IN F344/N RATS AND
B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). NTP-81-53. NIH PUBL NO 83-1793, NTP TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES NO 237. NTIS. SPRINGFIELD, VA.
US EPA. 1988. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
US EPA. 1993. REVISED AND UPDATED DRINKING WATER QUANTIFICATION OF TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS FOR 1.1,1,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE. PREPARED BY THE
OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER.
WASHIMGTONf DC*
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,2,2- 000079-34-5
005130 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. BIOASSAY OF 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGENESIS TECH
REP SER NO 2rf DHEU NO (NIH) 78~82»•
US EPA. 1980. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED ETHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS.
WASHINGTON, DC•
US EPA. 1986. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE 000127-18-4
010482 CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
TETRACHLOROTOLUENE, PARA, ALPHA, ALPHA, ALPHA- 005216-25-1
005028 FUKADA, KS, MATSASHITA AND K TAKEMOTO. 1979. CARCINOGENICITY OF P-CHLOROBENZOTRICHLORIDE. PROC OF JAPAN ASSOC OF IND HEALTH. P
330-331.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR SELECTED CHLORINATED TOLUENES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
R3-42
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TETRACHLOROVINPHOS / (STIROFOS) 000961-11 -5
010159 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. BIOASSAY OF TETRACHLOROVINPHOS FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGEN TECH REP SER NO.
33. NT IS PB278650.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR STIROFOS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TOLUENE-2,4-DIAMINE 000095-80-7
010160 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1979. BIOASSAY OF 2,4-DIAMINOTOLUENE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGEN TECH REP SER NO.
162.
US EPA. 1986. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2,4-TOLUENEDIAMINE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
TOLUIDINE, P- 000106-49-0
010162 WEISBURGER EK, AB RUSSFIELD AND F HOMBURGER, ET AL. 1978. TESTING OF TWENTY-ONE ENVIRONMENTAL AROMATIC AMINES OR DERIVATIVES FOR
LONG-TERM TOXICITY OR CARCINOGENICITY. J ENVIRON PATHOL TOXICOL. 2(2): 325-356.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR TOLUIDINES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
TOXAPHENE 008001-35-2
005134 LITTON BIONETICS, INC. 1978. CARCINOGENIC EVALUATION IN MICE: TOXAPHENE. PREPARED BY LITTON BIONETICS, IM., KENSINGTON, MD FOR
HERCULES, INC, WILMINGTON, DE. LBI PROJECT NO. 20602.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR TOXAPHENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1980. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR TOXAPHENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS, WASHINGTON. DC.
US EPA. 1987. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
TRICHLOROANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE, 2,4,6- 033663-50-2
005142 WEISBURGER, EL, AB RUSSFIELD, R HOMBURGER, ET AL. 1978. TESTING OF 21 ENVIRONMENTAL AROMATIC AMINES OR DERIVATIVES FOR LONG-TERM
TOXICITY OR CARCINOGENICITY. J ENVIRON PATHOL TOXICOL. 2: 325-356.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR TRICHLOROANILINES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
R3-43
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY March 1994
TRICHLOROANILINE, 2,4,6- 000634-93-5
010487 WEISBURGER, EL, AB RUSSF1ELD, F HOMBURGER, ET AL. 1978. TESTING OF 21 ENVIRONMENTAL AROMATIC AMINES OR DERIVATIVES FOR LONG TERM
TOXICITY OR CARCINOGENICITY. J ENVIRON PATHOL TOXICOL. 2: 325-356.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR TRICHLOROANILINES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
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TRICHLOROETHANE, 1,1,2- 000079-00-5
005144 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. BIOASSAY OF 1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGENESIS TECH REP
SER MO 74, DHEW NO NIH 78-1324.
US EPA. 1980. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED ETHANES. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1986. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
TRICHLOROETHYLENE 000079-01-6
010483 CONTACT THE SUPERFUND HEALTH RISK TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER: (513) 569-7300.
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4,6- 000088-06-2
010428 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1979. BIOASSAY OF 2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGENESIS TECH REP
SER NO 155, DHEW NO NIH 79-1711.
US EPA. 1980. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF WATER REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINATED PHENOLS. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1989. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
R3-44
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TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2,3- 000096-18-4
010849 NTP (NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). 1991. NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF 1,2,3-TRICHLOROPROPANE
(CAS NO 96-18-4) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES). BOARD DRAFT NTP TR 384. NIH PUB NO 91-2839. US DEPT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, NIH, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC.
US EPA. 1993. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
TRIFLURALIN 001582-09-8
010163 EMMERSON JL, EC PIERCE, JP MCGRATH, ET AL. 1980. THE CHRONIC TOXICITY OF COMPOUND 36352 (TRIFLURALIN) GIVEN AS A COMPOUND OF THE DIET
TO FISCHER 344 RATS FOR TWO YEARS. STUDIES R-87 AND R-97 (UNPUBLISHED STUDY RECEIVED SEPTEMBER 18, 1980 UNDER 1471-35, SUBMITTED BY
ELANCO PRODUCTS CO., DIVISION OF ELI LILLY AND CO., INDIANAPOLIS, IN).
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR TRIFLURALIN. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1987. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
TRIMETHYL PHOSPHATE 000512-56-1
010164 NCI (NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE). 1978. BIOASSAY OF TRIMETHYLPHOSPHATE FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENICITY. NCI CARCINOGEN TECH REP SER NO.
81.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR TRIMETHYL PHOSPHATE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE CF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
TRINITROTOLUENE, 2,4,6- 000118-96-7
010476 US DOD (DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE). 1984. AD-A168637. DEFENSE TECHNICAL CENTER. CAMERON STATION, ALEXANDRIA, VA.
US EPA. 1990. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AMD EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1988. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
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REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY Msrch 1994
VINYL CHLORIDE 000075-01-4
010368 FERON, VJ, CFM HENORIKSEN, AJ SPEEK, ET AL. 1981. LIFESPAN ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF VINYL CHLORIDE IN RATS. FOOD COSMET TOXICOL. 19(3):
317-333.
US EPA. 1984. HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR VINYL CHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1985. DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR VINYL CHLORIDE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI OH FOR THE OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER, WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
010367 MALTONI, C, G LEFEMINE, A C1L1BERTI ET AL. 1980. VINYL CHLORIDE CARCINOGENICITY BIOASSAYS (BT PROJECT) AS AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL FOR
RISK IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL CARCINOGENESIS. EPIDEMIOL ANIM EPIDEMIOL HUM: CAS CHLORURE
VINYLE MONOMERE, (REUN CLUB CANCEROG CHIM), 20TH, MEETING DATE 1979, P. 11-112. PUBL ESSENT, PARIS, FRANCE.
MALTONI, C, G LEFEMINE, A CILIBERTI ET AL. 1981. CARCINOGENICITY BIOASSAYS OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER: A MODEL OF RISK ASSESSMENT ON
AN EXPERIMENTAL BASIS. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT. 41: 329.
US EPA. 1985. HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR CHLOROETHENE. PREPARED BY THE OFFICE OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE, CINCINNATI, OH FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE,
WASHINGTON, DC.
US EPA. 1990. CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT VERIFICATION ENDEAVOR (CRAVE) WORK GROUP.
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Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Actinium (89)
Americium (95)
Antimony (51)
Argon (18)
Astatine (85)
Isotope
Ac-225'
Ac-227'
Ac-227 + D
Ac-228f
Am-241'
Am-242
Am-242m
Am-243*
Am-243 + D
Sb-122
Sb-124
Sb-125
Sb-126
Sb-126m
Sb-127
Sb-129
Ar-41
At-217'
CASRNd
014265-85-1
014952-40-0
014952-40-OI + D)
014331-83-0
014596-10-2
013981-54-9
013981-54-9(m)
014993-75-0
014993-75-0( + D)
014374-79-9
014683-10-4
014234-35-6
015756-32-8
015756-32-8(m)
013968-50-8
014331-88-5
014163-25-8
017239-90-6
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.000E + 01
2.180E + 01
2.180E + 01
6.130E + 00
4.320E + 02
1.600E + 01
1.520E + 02
7.380E + 03
7.380E + 03
2.700E + 00
6.020E + 01
2.770E + 00
1.240E + 01
1.900E + 01
3.850E + 00
4.400E + 00
1.830E + 00
3.230E-02
D
Y
Y
H
Y
H
Y
Y
Y
D
D
Y
D
M
D
H
H
S
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
*
D
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)g
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
1.0E-01
1 .OE-01
1.0E-01
1 .OE-01
1. OE-01
1. OE-01
1. OE-01
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
1.7E-11
2.8E-10
3.5E-10
5.0E-13
2.4E-10
3.6E-13
2.3E-10
2.4E-10
2.4E-10
2.0E-12
2.9E-12
8.4E-13
2.8E-12
7.2E-14
2.0E-12
5.9E-13
4.5E-18
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
2.
8.
8.
2.
3.
1.
2,
3,
3,
3.
2.
1
8
2
4
5
5
4E-09
.OE-08
.8E-08
.6E-11
,2E 08
.2E-11
.8E-08
.2E-08
.2E-08
.4E-12
.2E-11
.1E-11
.8E-12
.6E-14
.1E-12
.1E-13
.8E-16
5.6E-17
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
7.
2.
8.
2.
4
5.
1.
2,
2
.6E-09
.6E-11
.5E-07
.9E-06
.9E-09
.8E-09
.2E-10
.4E-08
.5E-07
1 .4E-06
6.5E-06
1
9
5
2
4,
4.
7.
.2E-06
.1E-06
.1E-06
.1E-06
.9E-06
.4E-06
.7E-10
(Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-1
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors6
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Barium (56)
Beryllium (4)
Bismuth (83)
Bromine (35)
Cadmium (20)
Isotope
Ba-131
Ba-133
Ba-133m
Ba-137m'
Ba-139
Ba-140
Be-7
Bi-206
Bi-207
Bi-210'
Bi-211'
Bi-212'
Bi-213'
Bi-214'
Br-82
Cd-109
Cd-115
Cd-115m
CASRNd
014914-75-1
013981-41-4
013981-41-4(m)
013981-97-0(m)
014378-25-7
014798-08-4
013966-02-4
015776-19-9
013982-38-2
014331-79-4
015229-37-5
014913-49-6
015776-20-2
014733-03-0
014686-69-2
014109-32-1
014336-68-6
014336-68-6(m)
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.180E + 01
1.050E + 01
3.890E + 01
2.550E + 00
8.310E + 01
1.280E + 01
5.340E + 01
6.240E + 00
3.340E + 01
5.010E + 00
2.130E + 00
6.055E + 01
4.570E + 01
1.990E + 01
3.530E + 01
4.640E + 02
5.350E + 01
4.460E + 01
D
Y
H
M
M
D
D
D
Y
D
M
M
M
M
H
D
H
D
ICRP
Lung
Class'
D
D
D
D
D
D
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
D
Y
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
5.0E-03
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
1.0E + 00
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
4.
1.
.8E-13
.2E-12
6.2E-13
2
2.
2.
3,
2,
1
1.
1,
3.
2,
1.
1.
7,
1.
5,
.4E-15
.1E-13
.7E-12
.OE-14
.2E-12
.4E-12
.6E-12
.2E-14
.1E-13
.3E-13
.3E-13
.1E-12
.9E-12
.7E-12
.2E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
3.
3.
3,
6,
1.
2,
2,
4.
1,
8.
1.
6,
3,
2
8,
6.
2,
3.
.6E-13
.6E-12
.5E-13
.OE-16
.5E-13
.OE-12
.7E-13
.3E-12
.8E-11
.OE-11
.9E-13
,6E-12
,OE-13
.1E-12
.7E-13
.5E-11
.6E-12
.9E-11
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
1.2E-06
8.4E-07
9.5E-08
2.0E-06
7.7E-08
5.4E-07
1.5E-07
1.1E-05
4.9E-06
O.OE + 00
1 .3E-07
5.9E-07
4.1E-07
5.3E-06
8.9E-06
7.3E-10
6.3E-07
7.5E-08
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-2
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Calcium (20)
Carbon (6)
Cerium (58)
Cesium (55)
Chlorine (17)
Isotope
Ca-45
Ca-47
C-11
C-14
C-15
Ce-141
Ce-143
Ce-144
Cs-131
Cs-134
Cs-134m
Cs-135
Cs-136
Cs-137'
Cs-137 + D
Cs-138
CI-36
CI-38
CASRN"
013966-05-7
001439-99-2
014333-33-6
014762-75-5
015929-23-4
013967-74-3
014119-19-8
014762-78-8
014914-76-2
013967-70-9
013967-70-9(m)
015726-30-4
014234-29-8
010045-97-3
010045-97-31 + D)
015758-29-9
013981-43-6
014158-34-0
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.630E + 02
4.540E + 00
2.050E + 01
5.730E + 03
2.450E + 00
3.250E + 01
3.300E + 01
2.840E + 02
9.690E + 00
2.060E + 00
2.900E + 00
2.300E + 06
1.320E + 01
3.020E + 01
3.020E + 01
3.220E + 01
3.010E + 05
3.720E + 01
D
D
M
Y
S
D
H
D
D
Y
H
Y
D
Y
Y
M
Y
M
ICRP
Lung
Class
W
W
D
*
D
Y
Y
Y
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
9.9E-13
2.0E-12
4.9E-14
9.0E-13
8.1E-16
8.3E-13
1.3E-12
6.1E-12
1.4E-13
4.1E-11
4.1E-14
4.0E-12
6.7E-12
2.8E-11
2.8E-11
1.9E-13
1.8E-12
2.3E-13
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
5.1E-12
4.6E-12
2.1E-14
6.4E-15
2.1E-16
8.4E-12
2.2E-12
3.4E-10
1.0E-13
2.8E-11
3.9E-14
2.7E-12
4.6E-12
1.9E-11
1.9E-11
9.6E-14
1.4E-12
1.3E-13
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
5.8E-18
3.6E-06
3.2E-06
O.OE + 00
1.3E-07
6.7E-07
2.5E-08
2.8E-09
5.2E-06
2.0E-08
O.OE + 00
7.2E-06
O.OE + 00
2.0E-06
8.3E-06
O.OE + 00
5.7E-06
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-3
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Chromium (24)
Cobalt (27)
Copper (29)
Curium (96)
Dysprosium (66)
Erbium (63)
Europium (63)
Isotope0
Cr-51
Co- 5 7
Co- 5 8
Co-58m
Co-60
Cu-64
Cm-242
Cm-243
Cm-244
Cm-245
Cm-246
Cm-247
Cm-248
Dy-165
Dy-166
Er-169
Er-171
Eu-152
CASRNd
014392-02-0
013981-50-5
01381-38-9
01381-38-9(m)
010198-40-0
013981-25-4
015510-73-3
015757-87-6
013981-15-2
015621-76-8
015757-90-1
015758-32-4
015758-33-5
013967-64-1
015840-01-4
015840-13-8
014391-45-8
014683-23-9
Radioactive
Half-life6
2.770E + 01
2.710E + 02
7.080E + 01
9.150E + 00
5.270E + 00
1.270E + 01
1.630E + 02
2.850E + 01
1.810E + 01
8.500E + 03
4.750E + 03
1.560E + 07
3.390E + 05
2.330E + 00
8.160E + 01
9.400E + 00
7.520E + 00
1.360E + 01
D
D
D
H
Y
H
D
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
H
H
D
H
Y
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)g
1.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
5.0E-01
1.0E-03
1.0E-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1 .OE-03
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
4.3E-14
5.8E-13
1.6E-12
3.2E-14
1.5E-11
1.7E-13
1.3E-11
1.9E-10
1.6E-10
2.4E-10
2.4E-10
2.2E-10
9.1E-10
1.5E-13
1.9E-12
4.4E-13
4.6E-13
2.1E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
3.
8.
9.
7
1
2
3
2
2
3
.OE-13
.2E-12
.8E-12
.3E-14
.5E 10
.OE-13
.9E-09
.6E-08
.2E-08
.2E-08
3.2E-08
3
1
1
5
.OE-08
.2E-07
.1E-13
.OE-12
1.5E-12
3
1
.9E-13
.1E-10
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
9.
1.
3.
4.
8.
6.
3.
1.
3,
5.
2.
9.
2.
5.
2.
8.
9.
3.
.2E-08
.9E-07
,3E-06
,8E-11
.6E-06
.OE-07
,4E-11
.6E-07
,OE-11
,3E-08
.7E-11
2E-07
.2E-11
JE-08
7E-08
4E-12
4E-07
6E-06
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-4
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors3
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Fluorine (9)
Francmm (87)
Gadolinium (64)
Gallium (31)
Germanium (32)
Gold (79)
Holmium (67)
Hydrogen (1)
Indium (49)
Isotope
Eu-154
Eu-155
Eu-156
F-18
Fr-221'
Fr-223'
Gd-153
Gd-159
Ga-67
Ga-72
Ge-71
Au-196
Au-198
Ho-166
H-3
ln-113m
ln-114
ln-114m
CASRNd
015585-10-1
014391-16-3
014280-35-4
013981-56-1
015756-41-9
015756-98-6
014276-65-4
014041-42-0
014119-09-6
013982-22-4
014374-81-3
014914-16-0
010043-49-0
013967-65-2
010028-17-8
014885-78-0(m)
013981-55-0
013981-55-0(m)
Radioactive
Half-life"
8.800E + 00
4.960E + 00
1.520E + 01
1.100E + 02
4.800E + 00
2.180E + 00
2.420E + 02
1.860E + 01
3.260E + 00
1.410E + 01
1.180E + 01
6.180E + 00
2.700E + 00
2.680E + 01
1.230E + 01
1.660E + 00
7.190E + 01
4.950E + 01
Y
Y
D
M
M
M
D
H
D
H
D
D
D
H
Y
H
S
D
ICRP
Lung
Class'
W
w
W
D
D
D
W
W
w
w
w
Y
Y
W
*
W
w
w
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1. OE-03
1 .OE-03
1.0E + 00
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
3.0E-04
1.0E + 00
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
3.0E-12
4.5E-13
2.5E-12
9.8E-14
5.9E-14
1.7E-13
3.1E-13
5.9E-13
2.1E-13
1.3E-12
6.8E-15
3.9E-13
1.2E-12
1.7E-12
5.4E-14
4.9E-14
5.5E-15
5.4E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
1.4E-10
1.8E-11
1.1E-n
7.1E-14
9.2E-13
4.2E-13
5.8E-12
6.3E-13
3.6E-13
1.2E-12
1.3E-13
8.7E-13
2.1E-12
2.2E-12
7.8E-14
2.9E-14
1.5E-15
4.2E-11
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
4.1E-06
5.9E-08
4.8E-06
3.1E-06
6.2E-08
4.1E-08
7.3E-08
8.9E-08
3.3E-07
9.8E-06
2.3E-11
1.3E-06
1.2E-06
6.5E-08
O.OE + 00
7.0E-07
1.0E-07
1.8E-07
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.)
4A-5
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number) Isotope
ln-115
ln-115m
Iodine (53) 1-122
1-123
1-125
1-126
1-129
1-130
1-131
1-132
1-133
1-134
1-135
lr-190
Iridium (77) lr-192
lr-194
Iron (26) Fe-55
Fe-59
CASRNd
014191-71-0
014191-71-0(m)
018287-75-7
015715-08-9
014158-31-7
014158-32-8
015046-84-1
014914-02-4
010043-66-0
014683-16-0
014834-67-4
014914-27-3
014834-68-5
014981-91-0
014694-69-0
014158-35-1
014681-59-5
014596-12-4
Radioactive
Half-life6
4.600E + 15
4.360E + 00
3.620E + 00
1.310E + 01
6.010E + 01
1.290E + 01
1.570E + 07
1.240E + 01
8.040E + 00
2.300E + 00
2.080E + 01
5.260E + 01
6.610E + 00
1.180E + 01
7.400E + 01
1.920E + 01
2.700E + 00
4.460E + 01
Y
H
M
H
D
D
Y
H
D
H
H
M
H
D
D
H
Y
D
ICRP
Lung
Class'
W
w
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Y
Y
Y
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
3.2E-11
1.2E-13
2.5E-14
1.0E-12
7.9E-12
1.5E-11
1.9E-10
9.1E-12
3.6E-11
1.0E-12
2.1E-11
2.8E-13
4.2E-12
1.4E-12
1.7E-12
1.6E-12
2.7E-13
2.8E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
2.2E 10
9.4E-14
7.9E-15
5.7E-13
5.3E-12
9.8E-12
1.2E-10
5.1E 12
2.4E-11
5.8E 13
1.2E-11
1.6E-13
2.4E-12
4.8E-12
2.7E-11
1.8E-12
8.4E-13
9.7E-12
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
O.OE + 00
3.9E-07
3.0E-06
2.4E-07
2.9E-09
1 .3E-06
4.1E-09
7.0E-06
1.5E-06
7.7E-06
2.0E-06
9.0E-06
5.5E-06
4.2E-06
2.4E-06
2.8E-07
O.OE + 00
4.1E-06
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-6
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors3
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Krypton (36)
Lanthanum (57)
Lead (82)
Lutetium (71)
Manganese (25)
Isotope
Kr-83m
Kr-85
Kr-85m
Kr-87
Kr-88
Kr-89
Kr-90
La- 140
Pb-203
Pb-209'
Pb-210f
Pb-210 + D
Pb-211*
Pb-212f
Pb-214f
Lu-177
Mn-52
Mn-54
CASRN"
013965-98-5(m)
013983-27-2
013983-27-2(m)
014809-68-8
014995-61-0
016316-03-3
015741-13-6
013981-28-7
014687-25-3
014119-30-3
014255-04-0
014255-04-0( + D)
015816-77-0
015092-94-1
015067-28-4
014265-75-9
014092-99-0
013966-31-9
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.830E + 00
1.070E + 01
4.480E + 00
7.630E + 01
2.840E + 00
3.160E + 00
3.230E + 01
4.020E + 01
5.200E + 01
3.250E + 00
2.230E + 01
2.230E + 01
3.610E + 01
1.060E + 01
2.680E + 01
6.710E + 00
5.590E + 00
3.130E + 02
H
Y
H
M
H
M
S
H
H
H
Y
Y
M
H
M
D
D
D
ICRP
Lung
Class'
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
W
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Y
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1 .OE-03
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
3.0E-04
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
2.3E-12
3.2E-13
8.5E-14
5.1E-10
6.6E-10
1.8E-13
5.5E-12
1.7E-13
6.2E-13
2.2E-12
1.1E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
6.2E-17
4.7E-17
4.9E-16
2.2E-15
4.7E-15
2.6E-15
2.4E-15
3.0E-12
2.6E-13
7.0E-14
1.3E-09
4.0E-09
2.8E-12
4.3E-11
2.9E-12
1.9E-12
3.7E-12
5.3E-12
External Exposure
(Risk/y r per pCi/g soil)
3.4E-11
7.0E-09
3.4E-07
2.8E-06
7.3E-06
6.5E-06
4.2E-06
8.0E-06
5.9E-07
O.OE + 00
1.3E-10
1.6E-10
1.6E-07
2.8E-07
6.4E-07
6.7E-08
1.2E-05
2.9E-06
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-7
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Mercury (80)
Molybdenum (42)
Neodymium (60)
Neptunium (93)
Nickel (28)
Niobium (41)
Isotope
Mn-56
Hg-197
Hg-203
Mo-99
Nd-147
Nd-149
Np-236
Np-237'
Np-237 + D
Np-238
Np-239'
Np-240
Np-240m
Ni-59
Ni-63
Ni-65
Nb-93m
Nb-94
CASRN"
014681-52-8
013981-51-6
013982-78-0
014119-15-4
014269-74-0
015749-81-2
015700-36-4
013994-20-2
013994-20-2( + D)
015766-25-3
013968-59-7
015690-84-3
015690-84-3(m)
014336-70-0
013981-37-8
014833-49-9
007440-03-1 (m)
014681-63-1
ICRP
Radioactive Lung
Half-life6 Class'
2.580E + 00 H W
6.410E + 01 H W
4.660E + 01 D W
6.600E + 01 H Y
1.100E + 01 D Y
1.730E + 00 H Y
1.150E + 05 Y W
2.140E + 06 Y W
2.140E + 06 Y W
2.120E + 00 D W
2.360E + 00 D W
6.500E + 01 M W
7.400E + 00 M W
7.500E + 04 Y W
1.000E + 02 Y W
2.520E + 00 H W
1.460E + 01 Y Y
2.030E + 04 Y Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
8.0E-01
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1 .OE-03
1.0E-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
1 .OE-02
1.0E-02
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
4.0E-13
2.7E-13
6.6E-13
1.5E-12
1.3E-12
1.9E-13
2.3E-13
2.2E-10
2.2E-10
1.1E-12
9.4E-13
1.3E-13
2.9E-14
9.1E-14
2.4E-13
2.6E-13
1.5E-13
2.1E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
2.8E-13
4.5E-13
4.8E-12
2.6E-12
5.5E-12
1.6E-13
3.9E-12
2.9E-08
2.9E-08
3.3E-12
1.5E-12
6.5E-14
9.0E-15
7.0E-13
1.8E-12
1.9E-13
1.9E-11
2.1E-10
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
6.1E-06
5.5E-08
5.7E-07
4.9E-07
3.0E-07
9.8E-07
8.9E-08
7.8E-09
4.3E-07
1 .7E-06
2.3E-07
3.2E-06
9.3E-07
O.OE + 00
O.OE + 00
1.9E-06
5.3E-11
5.4E-06
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-8
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Osmium (76)
Palladium (46)
Phosphorus (15)
Platinum (78)
Isotope
Nb-95
Nb-95m
Nb-97
Nb-97m
Os-185
Os-191
Os-191m
Os-193
Pd-100
Pd-101
Pd-103
Pd-107
Pd-109
P-32
P-33
Pt-191
Pt-193
Pt 1 93m
CASRN"
013967-76-5
013967-76-5(m)
01 8496-04-3
018496-04-3(m)
01 5766-50-4
014119-24-5
014119-24-5(m)
016057-77-5
01 5690-69-4
015749-54-9
014967-68-1
017637-99-9
014981-64-7
014596-37-3
015749-66-3
015706-36-2
015735-70-3
015735-70-3(m)
Radioactive
Half-life6
3.510E + 01
8.660E + 01
7.210E + 01
6.000E + 01
9.360E + 01
1.540E + 01
1.300E + 01
3.000E + 01
3.640E + 00
8.480E + 00
1.700E + 01
6.500E + 06
1.350E + 01
1.430E + 01
2.540E + 01
2.710E + 00
5.000E + 01
4.330E + 00
ICRP
Lung
Class'
D
H
M
S
D
D
H
H
D
H
D
Y
H
D
D
D
Y
D
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
D
D
D
D
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
6.5E-13
6.6E-13
1.2E-13
2.4E-15
6.3E-13
6.7E-13
1.2E-13
9.6E-13
1.0E-12
1.2E-13
2.2E-13
4.4E-14
7.9E-13
3.5E-12
5.6E-13
3.8E-13
3.5E-14
5.3E-13
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
5.1E-12
1.6E-12
6.9E-14
1 1E-15
8.9E-12
3.6E-12
2.1E-13
1.2E-12
2.3E-12
1.1E-13
1.4E-12
6.4E-12
8.1E-13
3.0E-12
4.6E-13
3.0E-13
8.2E-14
4.0E-13
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
2.6E-06
8.1E-08
2.2E-06
2.5E-06
2.2E-06
8.5E-08
3.4E-09
1.7E-07
7.3E-10
O.OE + 00
2.2E-09
O.OE + 00
O.OE + 00
6.3E-07
O.OE + 00
7.6E-09
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.;
4A-9
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number) Isotope0
Pt-197
Pt-197m
Plutonium (94) Pu-236
Pu-238
Pu-239
Pu-240
Pu-241
Pu-242
Pu-243
Pu-244
Polonium (84) Po-210'
Po-212f
Po-213'
Po-214*
Po-215'
Po-216'
Po-218'
Potassium (19) K-40
CASRN"
015735-74-7
015735-74-7(m)
015411-92-4
013981-16-3
015117-48-3
014119-33-6
014119-32-5
013982-10-0
015706-37-3
014119-34-7
013981-52-7
015389-34-1
015756-57-7
015735-67-8
015706-52-2
015756-58-8
015422-24-9
013966-00-2
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.830E + 01
9.440E + 01
2.850E + 00
8.780E + 01
2.410E + 04
6.570E + 03
1.440E + 01
3.760E + 05
4.960E + 00
8.260E + 07
1.380E + 02
2.980E-07
4.200E-06
1.640E-04
1.780E-03
1.460E-01
3.050E + 00
1.280E + 09
ICRP
Lung
Class
H
M
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
H
Y
D
S
S
S
S
S
M
Y
D
D
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1.0E-03
1.0E-03
1 .OE-03
1.0E-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E + 00
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
4.9E-13
1.2E-13
5.0E-11
2.2E-10
2.3E-10
2.3E-10
3.6E-12
2.2E-10
1.1E-13
2.2E-10
1.5E-10
2.2E-23
3.2E-22
1 .OE-20
2.8E-19
3.0E-17
2.8E-14
1.1E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
3.2E-13
8.7E-14
2.4E-08
3.9E-08
3.8E-08
3.8E-08
2.3E-10
3.6E-08
1.0E-13
3.6E-08
2.6E-09
6.1E-22
8.0E-21
2.8E-19
5.7E-18
4.8E-16
5.8E-13
7.6E-12
External Exposure
(Risk/y r per pCi/g soil)
3.1E-08
1.6E-07
3.4E-11
2.8E-11
1.7E-11
2.7E-11
O.OE + 00
2.3E-11
1.8E-08
1.9E-11
2.9E-11
O.OE + 00
1.0E-10
2.8E-10
4.6E-10
5.0E-11
O.OE + 00
5.4E-07
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-10
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Praseodymium (59)
Promethium (61)
Protactinium (91)
Radium (88)
Isotope0
K-42
Pr-142
Pr-143
Pr-144
Pr-144m
Pm-147
Pm-148
Pm-148m
Pm-149
Pa-231'
Pa-233'
Pa-234
Pa-234m'
Ra-223'
Ra-224'
Ra-225'
Ra-226f
Ra-226 + D
CASRNd
014378-21-3
014191-64-1
014981-79-4
014119-05-2
014119-05-2(m)
014380-75-7
014683-19-3
01 4683-1 9-3(m)
015765-31-8
014331-85-2
013981-14-1
015100-28-4
015100-28-4{m)
015623-45-7
013233-32-4
013981-53-8
013982-63-3
013982-63-3( + D)
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.240E + 01
1.910E + 01
1.360E + 01
1.730E + 01
7.200E + 00
2.620E + 00
5.370E + 00
4.130E + 01
5.310E + 01
3.730E + 04
2.700E + 01
6.700E + 00
1.170E + 00
1.140E + 01
3.620E + 00
1.480E + 01
1.600E + 03
1.600E + 03
ICRP
Lung
Class'
H
H
D
M
M
Y
D
D
H
Y
D
H
M
D
D
D
Y
Y
D
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E + 00
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
1. OE-03
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
8.9E-13
1.6E-12
1.4E-12
9.5E-14
3.7E-14
3.1E-13
3.1E-12
2.5E-12
1.2E-12
9.2E-11
1.0E-12
6.8E-13
5.8E-15
6.4E-11
3.8E-11
5.1E-11
1.2E-10
1.2E-10
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
1.2E-12
1.8E-12
7.0E-12
3.6E-14
1.6E-14
3.0E-11
7.9E-12
4.8E-11
1.9E-12
3.6E-08
8.6E-12
5.4E-13
1.6E-15
3.1E-09
1.2E-09
1.5E-09
3.0E-09
3.0E-09
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
9.6E-07
2.1E-07
3.0E-14
1.2E-07
2.1E-09
6.0E-12
1 .9E-06
6.5E-06
3.3E-08
2.6E-08
4.2E-07
5.9E-06
3.6E-08
2.3E-07
2.3E-08
1 .9E-09
1 .2E-08
6.0E-06
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.
4A-11
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Radon (86)
Rhodium (45)
Rubidium (37)
Ruthenium (44)
Isotope
Ra-228'
Ra-228 + D
Rn-219f
Rn-220f
Rn-222f
Rn-222 + D
Rh-103m
Rh-105
Rh-105m
Rh-106
Rb-82
Rb-86
Rb-87
Rb-88
Rb-89
Ru-97
Ru-103
Ru-105
CASRN"
015262-20-1
01 5262-20-1 ( + D)
014835-02-0
022481-48-7
014859-67-7
014859-67-7( + D)
007440-1 6-6(m)
014913-89-4
014913-89-4(m)
014234-34-5
014391-63-0
014932-53-7
013982-13-3
014928-36-0
014191-65-2
015758-35-7
013968-53-1
014331-95-4
Radioactive
Half-life6
5.750E + 00
5.750E + 00
3.960E + 00
5.560E + 01
3.820E + 00
3.820E + 00
5.610E + 01
3.540E + 01
4.500E + 01
2.990E + 01
1.250E + 00
1.870E + 01
4.730E + 10
1.780E + 01
1.540E + 01
2.900E + 00
3.940E + 01
4.440E + 00
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y
Y
S
S
D
D
M
H
S
S
M
D
Y
M
M
D
D
H
W
W
*
*
*
*
Y
Y
Y
Y
D
D
D
D
D
Y
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
1.0E-10
1.0E-10
1.4E-12
1.7E-12
6.9E-15
4.3E-13
6.2E-16
4.4E-15
1.2E-14
5.9E-12
3.4E-12
1.7E-13
9.3E-14
1.7E-13
9.0E-13
3.7E-13
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
6
6
4
1
7
7
3
5
3
1
.6E-10
.9E-10
.6E-14
.2E-13
.3E-13
.7E-12
.9E-15
.9E-13
.4E-16
.2E-15
3.5E-15
4
2
7.
3,
2,
8.
3.
.5E-12
.4E-12
.9E-14
.9E-14
.6E-13
,4E-12
3E-13
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
O.OE + 00
2
1
1
1
.9E-06
.6E-07
.7E-09
.2E-09
5.9E-06
7
2
2
6
3
.9E-11
.2E-07
.2E-08
.7E-07
.5E-06
3.3E-07
O.OE + 00
2.
7.
4.
1.
2.
.4E-06
.4E-06
.2E-07
5E-06
6E-06
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-12
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Samarium (62)
Scandium (21)
Selenium (34)
Silicon (14)
Silver (47)
Sodium (1 1)
Isotope
Ru-106
Sm-147
Sm-151
Sm-153
Sc-46
Sc-47
Sc-48
Se-75
Si-31
Ag-105
Ag-108
Ag-108m
Ag-109m
Ag-110
Ag-1 10m
Ag-111
Na-22
Na-24
CASRNd
013967-48-1
014392-33-7
015715-94-3
015766-00-4
013967-63-0
014391-96-9
014391-86-7
014265-71-5
014276-49-4
014928-14-4
014391-65-2
014391-65-2(m)
014378-38-2(m)
014391-76-5
014391-76-5(m)
157690-04-0
013966-32-0
013982-04-2
Radioactive
Half-life6
3.680E + 02
1.060E + 11
9.000E + 01
4.670E + 01
8.380E + 01
3.420E + 00
4.370E + 01
1.200E + 02
1.570E + 02
4.130E + 01
2.370E + 00
1.270E + 02
3.960E + 01
2.460E + 01
2.500E + 02
7.460E + 00
2.600E + 00
1.500E + 01
ICRP
Lung
Class
D
Y
Y
H
D
D
H
D
M
D
M
Y
S
S
D
D
Y
H
Y
W
W
W
Y
Y
Y
W
W
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
D
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
5.0E-02
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
8.0E-01
1 .OE-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
9.5E-12
1.6E-11
1.1E-13
8.7E-13
1.6E-12
6.4E-13
1.9E-12
5.8E-12
2.2E-13
7.3E-13
8.5E-15
3.5E-12
3.3E-16
3.0E-15
4.7E-12
1.6E-12
6.8E-12
1.0E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
4.4E-10
7.2E-09
8.7E-12
1.3E-12
2.7E-11
1.2E-12
2.3E-12
6.0E-12
1.7E-13
4.0E-12
2.4E-15
1.5E-10
8.9E-17
8.1E-16
6.9E-11
4.8E-12
4.8E-12
9.6E-13
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
O.OE + 00
O.OE + 00
4.0E-13
4.6E-08
6.9E-06
2.3E-07
1.2E-05
8.1E-07
3.0E-09
5.1E-08
5.0E-06
1.3E-09
1.0E-07
9.3E-06
7.7E-08
7.2E-06
1.6E-05
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-13
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors3
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Strontium (38)
Sulfur (16)
Tantalum (73)
Technetium (43)
Isotope
Sr-82
Sr-85
Sr-85m
Sr-89
Sr-90f
Sr-90 + D
Sr-91
Sr-92
S-35
Ta-182
Tc-95
Tc-95m
Tc-96
Tc-96m
Tc-97
Tc-97m
Tc-99
Tc-99m
CASRN"
014809-50-8
013967-73-2
013967-73-2(m)
014158-27-1
010098-97-2
010098-97-21 + D)
014331-91-0
014928-29-1
015117-53-0
013982-00-8
014809-56-4
014809-56-4(m)
014808-44-7
014808-44-7(m)
015759-35-0
015759-35-0(m)
014133-76-7
014133-76-7(m)
Radioactive
Half-life6
2.500E + 01
6.480E + 01
6.770E + 01
5.060E + 01
2.860E + 01
2.860E + 01
9.500E + 00
2.710E + 00
8.740E + 01
1.150E + 02
2.000E + 01
6.100E + 01
4.280E + 00
5.150E + 01
2.600E + 06
8.900E + 01
2.130E + 05
6.020E + 00
ICRP
Lung
Class'
D
D
M
D
Y
Y
H
H
D
D
H
D
D
M
Y
D
Y
H
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
8.0E-01
1 .OE-03
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
7.
7,
1,
3.
3.
3
8
5
2
1
5
1
1
2
1
1
1
5
.5E-12
.7E-13
,2E-14
.OE-12
.3E-11
.6E-11
.5E-13
.7E-13
.2E-13
.7E-12
.6E-14
.8E-12
.8E-12
.3E-14
.5E-13
.1E-12
.3E-12
.OE-14
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
6.
1.
6.
2.
5,
6,
6.
4,
1
4,
2
4
9E-12
OE-12
1E-15
9E-12
,6E-11
,2E-11
.9E-13
,5E-13
.9E-13
.3E-11
.3E-14
.OE-12
2.1E-12
2
9
.1E-14
.8E-13
5.0E-12
8
2
.3E-12
.7E-14
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
1.3E-10
1 .4E-06
4.8E-07
4.7E-10
O.OE + 00
O.OE + 00
2.4E-06
4.6E-06
O.OE + 00
4.1E-06
2.4E-06
1 .9E-06
8.3E-06
7.0E-08
3.5E-10
3.7E-10
6.0E-13
2.3E-07
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.
4A-14
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Tellurium (52)
Terbium (65)
Thallium (81)
Thorium (90)
Isotope
Te-125m
Te-127
Te-127m
Te-129
Te-129m
Te-131
Te-131m
Te-132
Tb-158
Tb-160
TI-202
TI-204
TI-207'
TIROS'
TI-209'
Th-227*
Th-228'
Th-228 + D
CASRN"
014390-73-9(m)
013981-49-2
013981-49-2(m)
014269-71-7
014269-71-7(m)
014683-12-6
014683-12-6(m)
014234-28-7
015759-55-4
013981-29-8
015720-57-7
013968-51-9
014133-67-6
014913-50-9
015690-73-0
015623-47-9
014274-82-9
014274-82-9( + D)
Radioactive
Half-life6
5.800E + 01
9.350E + 00
1.090E + 02
6.960E + 01
3.360E + 01
2.500E + 01
3.000E + 01
7.820E + 01
1.500E + 02
7.230E + 01
1.220E + 01
3.780E + 00
4.770E + 00
3.050E + 00
2.200E + 00
1.870E + 01
1.910E + 00
1.910E + 00
ICRP
Lung
Class'
D
H
D
M
D
M
H
H
Y
D
D
Y
M
M
M
D
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
D
D
D
D
D
Y
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
8.5E-13
2.3E-13
2.2E-12
1.1E-13
3.2E-12
2.8E-13
3.8E-12
3.0E-12
1.2E-12
1.8E-12
8.4E-13
1.7E-12
1.3E-14
1.8E-14
1.4E-14
4.5E-12
1.1E-11
5.5E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
5.4E-12
2.3E-13
1.6E-11
6.8E-14
2.0E-11
1.4E-13
5.4E-12.
5.3E-12
9.4E-11
1.9E-11
6.0E-13
1.3E-12
4.5E-15
5.0E-15
4.3E-15
4.9E-09
7.7E-08
7.8E-08
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
2.6E-09
1 .4E-08
8.4E-10
1.3E-07
6.3E-08
1 .2E-06
4.7E-06
4.0E-07
3.6E-06
1.3E-06
8.7E-10
7.5E-09
1.3E-05
6.9E-06
1.6E-07
5.5E-10
5.6E-06
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-15
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors'
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Thulium (69)
Tin (50)
Tungsten (74)
Uranium (92)
Isotope0
Th-229'
Th-229 + D
Th-230'
Th-231'
Th-232f
Th-234'
Tm-170
Tm-171
Sn-113
Sn-121
Sn-121m
Sn-125
Sn-126
W-181
W-185
W-187
U-232
U-233
CASRN"
015594-54-4
01 5594-54-41 + D)
014269-63-7
014932-40-2
007440-29-1
015065-10-8
013981-30-1
014333-45-0
013966-06-8
014683-06-8
014683-06-8(m)
014683-08-0
015832-50-5
015749-46-9
014932-41-3
014983-48-3
014158-29-3
013968-55-3
Radioactive
Half-life6
7.340E + 03
7.340E + 03
7.700E + 04
2.550E + 01
1.410E+10
2.410E + 01
1.290E + 02
1.920E + 00
1.150E + 02
2.710E + 01
5.550E + 01
9.640E + 00
1.000E + 05
1.210E + 02
7.510E + 01
2.380E + 01
7.200E + 01
1.590E + 05
Y
Y
Y
H
Y
D
D
Y
D
H
Y
D
Y
D
D
H
Y
Y
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
D
D
D
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
2.1E-11
8.9E-11
1.3E-11
4.0E-13
1.2E-11
4.0E-12
1.5E-12
1.2E-13
8.7E-13
2.7E-13
5.4E-13
3.6E-12
5.6E-12
8.3E-14
4.7E-13
6.3E-13
3.7E-11
1.6E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
7.3E-08
7.7E-08
2.9E-08
4.9E-13
2.8E-08
3.2E-11
2.1E-11
3.1E-12
9.4E-12
3.2E-13
9.3E-12
1.2E-11
7.7E-11
6.4E-14
3.0E-13
3.9E-13
6.0E-08
2.7E-08
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
5.8E-08
6.8E-07
5.4E-11
2.3E-09
2.6E-11
3.5E-09
3.8E-09
3.3E-10
3.3E-09
1.1E-06
3.3E-08
2.2E-08
4.7E-11
1.5E-06
4.6E-11
4.2E-11
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4A-16
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors8
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number) Isotope
U-234r
U-235'
U-235 + D
U-236
U-237
U-238'
U-238 + D
U-240
Vanadium (23) V-48
Xenon (54) Xe-122
Yo 1 9T
YO 1 OR
Yo 1 97
Yo 1 9Qm
Yo 1 "31 m
Yo 1 T3
CASRNd
013966-29-5
015117-96-1
015117-96-K + D)
013982-70-2
014269-75-1
007440-61-1
007440-61 -K + D)
015687-53-3
014331-97-6
fll R1 R1-OQ-A
m "3QQ4. 1 R R
HI TQQA 1 Q Q
fil AQQR fi9 1
Radioactive
Half-life6
2.450E + 05
7.040E + 08
7.040E + 08
2.340E + 07
6.750E + 00
4.470E + 09
4.470E + 09
1.410E + 01
1.600E + 01
2 010E + 01
7 1 dOF 4- no
3RAHF 4- H1
c 9 RDF 4- fin
9 iQDF4-nn
91 1 OF 4- Ofi
Lifetime Excess
ICRP Gl
Lung Absorption Ingestion
Class' Factor (f,)9 (Risk/pCi)
Y Y 5.0E-02 1.6E-11
Y Y 5.0E-02 1.6E-11
Y Y 5.0E-02 1.6E-11
Y Y 5.0E-02 1.5E-11
D Y 5.0E-02 8.9E-13
Y Y 5.0E-02 1.6E-11
Y Y 5.0E-02 2.0E-11
H Y 5.0E-02 1.2E-12
D W 1.0E-02 2.2E-12
|j; * 1 OE + 00
H* 1 f)F4-fin
D* 1 OF4-nn
D * 1 OE + 00
Slope Factor
i Total Cancer Risk Per 1
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
2.6E-08
2.5E-08
2.5E-08
2.5E-08
2.6E-12
2.4E-08
2.4E-08
1.2E-12
7.6E-12
3 3E-1 5
7 4E-1 6
A 7F-1 fi
4 OF 1 R
6OF-1 fi
A -3F-1 fi
4 3E-1 6
R dF-1 fi
8 OF 1 fi
Jnit Intake or Exposure
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
3.0E-11
2.4E-07
2.4E-07
2.4E-11
1 .3E-07
2.1E-11
5.1E-OS
1.5E-10
9.9E-06
8 4E-08
1 7E-Q6
4 7E 07
R flF D7
1 3E-08
4 5E 09
2 3E 08
3 3E-08
fi 7F ("17
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.)
4A-17
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Yttrium (39)
Zinc (30)
Zirconium (40)
Isotope
Xe-135m
Xe-137
Xe-138
Y-90'
Y-91
Y-91m
Y-92
Y-93
Zn-65
Zn-69
Zn-69m
Zr-93
Zr-95
Zr-97
CASRNd
014995-62-1 (m)
014835-21-3
015751-81-2
010098-91-6
014234-24-3
014234-24-3(m)
015751-59-4
014981-70-5
013982-39-3
013982-23-5
013982-23-5(m)
015751-77-6
013967-71-0
014928-30-4
Radioactive
Half-life8
1.540E + 01
3.830E + 00
1.410E + 01
6.410E + 01
5.850E + 01
4.970E + 01
3.540E + 00
1.010E + 01
2.440E + 02
5.560E + 01
1.380E + 01
1.530E + 06
6.400E + 01
1.690E + 01
ICRP
Lung
Class'
M
M
M
H
D
M
H
H
D
M
H
Y
D
H
*
*
*
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
5.0E-01
5.0E-01
5.0E-01
2.0E-03
2.0E-03
2.0E-03
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
3.2E-12
2.8E-12
2.2E-14
7.1E-13
1.4E-12
8.5E-12
5.6E-14
4.3E-13
1.7E-13
9.9E-13
2.4E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
2.1E-16
1.8E-15
2.8E-15
5.5E-12
4.3E-11
3.5E-14
5.3E-13
1.4E-12
1.6E-11
3.2E-14
5.7E-13
6.5E-12
1.0E-11
2.5E-12
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per pCi/g soil)
1 .3E-06
6.0E-07
4.0E-06
O.OE + 00
1.2E-08
1.7E-06
8.6E-07
3.0E-07
2.0E-06
1.8E-11
1.3E-06
O.OE + 00
2.5E-06
6.1E-07
[Table 4A continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.l
4A-18
-------
Table 4A: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors3
(In Units of Picocuriesb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Isotope0 CASRNd
Radioactive
Half-life*
ICRP
Lung
Class*
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
Ingestion
(Risk/pCi)
Inhalation
(Risk/pCi)
External Exposure
(Risk/y r per pCi/g soil)
ENDNOTES:
a EPA classifies all radionuclides as Group A (known human) carcinogens. Radionuclide slope factors are calculated by EPA's Office of Radiation and Indoor
Air (ORIA) to assist HEAST users with risk-related evaluations and decision-making at various stages of the remediation process. Ingestion and inhalation slope
factors are best estimates (i.e., median or 50th percentile values) of the age-averaged, lifetime excess cancer incidence (fatal and nonfatal cancer) risk per unit
of activity inhaled or ingested, expressed as risk/picocurie (pCi) in Table 4A or as risk/becquerel (Bq) in Table 4B. External exposure slope factors are best
estimates of the lifetime excess cancer incidence risk for each year of exposure to external radiation from photon-emitting radionuclides distributed uniformly in
a thick layer of soil, and are expressed as risk/yr per pCi/gram of soil (Table 4A) or as risk/yr per Bq/gram of soil (Table 4B). For a discussion on the derivation
of radionuclide slope factors and guidance on their use, refer to the User's Guide section on radionuclide carcinogenicity.
b A curie (Ci), the customary unit of activity, is equal to 3.7 x 1010 nuclear transformations per second. 1 picocurie (pCi) = 10"12 Ci.
c For each radionuclide listed, slope factors correspond to the risks per unit intake or exposure for that radionuclide only, except when marked with a "+D" to
indicate that the risks from radioactive decay chain products are also included. Radionuclides designated with a "f" are members of a decay chain. Refer to Exhibit
1 in the User's Guide section on radionuclide carcinogenicity for guidance on determining slope factors for partial or complete radioactive decay chains.
d Chemical Abstract Service Reference Number (CASRN). For risk calculations involving decay chains, a CASRN should be reported for the parent radionuclide
and each chain member.
e Radioactive half-life: S = Second, M = Minute, D = Day, Y = Year. For those radionuclides with decay products (+D), half-lives are listed for the parent
radionuclide.
* Lung clearance classification recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP): Y = Year, W = Week, D = Day, * = Gas.
9 Gastrointestinal (Gl) absorption factors are the fractional amounts of each radionuclide absorbed across the Gl tract into the bloodstream. Lung clearance
classifications and Gl absorption factors are provided for reference only. Do not use these factors to adjust (i.e., multiply or divide) inhalation or ingestion slope
factors. See the User's Guide for instructions.
[Table 4A concluded.]
4A-19
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors8
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Actinium (89)
Americium (95)
Antimony (51)
Argon (18)
Astatine (85)
Isotope
Ac-225'
Ac-227'
Ac-227 + D
Ac-228
Am-241'
Am-242
Am-242m
Am-243*
Am-243 + D
Sb-122
Sb-124
Sb-125
Sb-126
Sb-126m
Sb-127
Sb-129
Ar-41
At-217'
CASRNd
014265-85-1
014952-40-0
01 4952-40-01 + D)
014331-83-0
014596-10-2
013981-54-9
013981-54-9(m)
014993-75-0
014993-75-OI + D)
014374-79-9
014683-10-4
014234-35-6
015756-32-8
015756-32-8(m)
013968-50-8
014331-88-5
014163-25-8
017239-90-6
Radioactive
Half-life0
1.000E + 01
2.180E + 01
2.180E + 01
6.130E + 00
4.320E + 02
1.600E + 01
1.520E + 02
7.380E + 03
7.380E + 03
2.700E + 00
6.020E + 01
2.770E + 00
1.240E + 01
1.900E + 01
3.850E + 00
4.400E + 00
1.830E + 00
3.230E-02
D
Y
Y
H
Y
H
Y
Y
Y
D
D
Y
D
M
D
H
H
S
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
#
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-01
1 .OE-01
1. OE-01
1. OE-01
1. OE-01
1. OE-01
1. OE-01
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
4.6E-10
7.6E-09
9.5E-09
1.4E-11
6.5E-09
9.7E-12
6.2E-09
6.5E-09
6.5E-09
5.4E-11
7.8E-11
2.3E-11
7.6E-11
1.9E-12
5.4E-11
1.6E-11
1.2E-16
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
6
.5E-08
2.2E-06
2
7
8
3
7
8
8
9
5
3
2
7
1
.4E-06
.OE-10
.6E-07
.2E-10
.6E-07
.6E-07
.6E-07
.2E-11
.9E-10
.OE 10
.4E-10
.OE-13
.1E-10
1.4E-11
1.6E-14
1.5E-15
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
2
7
2
7
1.
1
3,
6.
6.
3.
1.
3.
2.
1.
5.
1.
1.
2.
.1E-07
.OE-10
.3E-05
.8E-05
,3E-07
,6E-07
.2E-09
.5E-07
.8E-06
.8E-05
.8E-04
.2E-05
5E-04
4E-04
7E-05
3E-04
2E-04
1E-08
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-1
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors3
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Barium (56)
Beryllium (4)
Bismuth (83)
Bromine (35)
Cadmium (20)
Isotope0
Ba-131
Ba-133
Ba-133m
Ba-137m'
Ba-139
Ba-140
Be-7
Bi-206
Bi-207
Bi-210'
Bi-211'
Bi-212'
Bi-213'
Bi-214'
Br-82
Cd-109
Cd-115
Cd-115m
CASRNd
014914-75-1
013981-41-4
013981-41-4(m)
013981-97-0(m)
014378-25-7
014798-08-4
013966-02-4
015776-19-9
013982-38-2
014331-79-4
015229-37-5
014913-49-6
015776-20-2
014733-03-0
014686-69-2
014109-32-1
014336-68-6
014336-68-6(m)
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.180E + 01
1.050E + 01
3.890E + 01
2.550E + 00
8.310E + 01
1.280E + 01
5.340E + 01
6.240E + 00
3.340E + 01
5.010E + 00
2.130E + 00
6.055E + 01
4.570E + 01
1.990E + 01
3.530E + 01
4.640E + 02
5.350E + 01
4.460E + 01
D
Y
H
M
M
D
D
D
Y
D
M
M
M
M
H
D
H
D
ICRP
Lung
Class1
D
D
D
D
D
D
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
D
Y
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1 .OE-01
1 .OE-01
5.0E-03
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
1.0E + 00
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
1.
3,
1.
6.
5,
7.
8,
5.
.3E-11
.2E-11
7E-11
.5E-14
.7E-12
,3E-11
.1E-13
.9E-11
3.8E-11
4.
3,
8
6,
3,
3
2.
4
1.
.3E-11
.3E-13
.4E-12
.2E-12
.5E-12
.OE-11
.1E-10
.6E-1 1
.4E-10
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
9.7E-12
9.
9.
1.
4,
5,
7
1
4.
2
5
1
.7E-11
.5E-12
.6E-14
.1E-12
,4E-1 1
.3E-12
.2E-10
.9E-10
.2E-09
.2E-12
.8E-10
8.1E-12
5
2
1
7
1
.7E-11
.4E-11
.8E-09
.OE-1 1
.1E-09
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
3.2E-05
2.3E-05
2.6E-06
5.4E-05
2.1E-06
1.5E-05
4.1E-06
3.0E-04
1.3E-04
O.OE + 00
3.6E-06
1.6E-05
1.1E-05
1 .4E-04
2.4E-04
2.0E-08
1.7E-05
2.0E-06
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-2
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors8
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Calcium (20)
Carbon (6)
Cerium (58)
Cesium (55)
Chlorine (17)
Isotope0
Ca-45
Ca-47
C-11
C-14
C1 R
- I O
Ce-141
Ce-143
Ce-144
Cs-131
Cs-134
Cs-134m
Cs-135
Cs-136
Cs-137'
Cs-137 + D
Cs-138
CI-36
CI-38
CASRN"
013966-05-7
001439-99-2
014333-33-6
014762-75-5
013967-74-3
014119-19-8
014762-78-8
014914-76-2
013967-70-9
013967-70-9(m)
015726-30-4
014234-29-8
010045-97-3
010045-97-31 + D)
015758-29-9
013981-43-6
014158-34-0
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.630E + 02
4.540E + 00
2.050E + 01
5.730E + 03
3.250E + 01
3.300E + 01
2.840E + 02
9.690E + 00
2.060E + 00
2.900E + 00
2.300E + 06
1.320E + 01
3.020E + 01
3.020E + 01
3.220E + 01
3.010E + 05
3.720E + 01
D
D
M
Y
D
H
D
D
Y
H
Y
D
Y
Y
M
Y
M
ICRP
Lung
Class'
W
W
D
*
Y
Y
Y
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1 OF-*- no
I .L/C T^ \J\J
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
2.
5.
1.
2.
.
2.
3.
7E-11
4E-11
3E-12
4E-11
9C 1 A
^[_- I *r
2E-11
5E-11
1.6E-10
3.
1.
8E-12
1E-09
1.1E-12
1.
1.
7.
7.
5.
1E-10
8E-10
6E-10
6E-10
1E-12
4.9E-11
6.
2E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
1
1
.4E-10
.2E-10
5.7E-13
1
2
5
9
2
7
1
7
1
5
5
2
3
3
.7E-13
7F 1 R
. / C 1 3
.3E-10
.9E-11
.2E 09
.7E-12
.6E-10
.1E-12
.3E-11
.2E-10
.1E-10
.1E-10
.6E-12
.8E-11
.5E-12
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
1.6E-16
9.7E-05
8.6E-05
O.OE + 00
3.5E-06
1 .8E-05
6.8E-07
7.6E-08
1 .4E-04
5.4E-07
O.OE + 00
1 .9E-04
O.OE + 00
5.4E-05
2.2E-04
O.OE + 00
1.5E-04
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-3
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors8
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Chromium (24)
Cobalt (27)
Copper (29)
Curium (96)
Dysprosium (66)
Erbium (63)
Europium (63)
Isotope
Cr-51
Co-57
Co-58
Co-58m
Co-60
Cu-64
Cm-242
Cm-243
Cm-244
Cm-245
Cm-246
Cm-247
Cm-248
Dy-165
Dy-166
Er-169
Er-171
Eu-152
CASRNd
014392-02-0
013981-50-5
01381-38-9
01381-38-9(m)
010198-40-0
013981-25-4
015510-73-3
015757-87-6
013981-15-2
015621-76-8
015757-90-1
015758-32-4
015758-33-5
013967-64-1
015840-01-4
015840-13-8
014391-45-8
014683-23-9
Radioactive
Half-life6
2.770E + 01
2.710E + 02
7.080E + 01
9.150E + 00
5.270E + 00
1.270E + 01
1.630E + 02
2.850E + 01
1.810E + 01
8.500E + 03
4.750E + 03
1.560E + 07
3.390E + 05
2.330E + 00
8.160E + 01
9.400E + 00
7.520E + 00
1.360E + 01
D
D
D
H
Y
H
D
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
H
H
D
H
Y
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
5.0E-01
1 .OE-03
1.0E-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
1. OE-03
1. OE-03
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1 .OE-03
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
1.
1.
4.
8,
4
4
3
5
4
6
6
.2E-12
,6E-11
.3E-11
,6E-13
.1E-10
.6E-12
.5E-10
.1E-09
.3E-09
.5E-09
.5E-09
5.9E-09
2
4
5
1
1
5
.5E-08
.1E-12
.1E-11
.2E-11
.2E-11
.7E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
8.1E-12
2.2F-10
2.6E-10
2.0E-12
4.1E-09
5.4E-12
1.1E-07
7.0E-07
5.9E-07
8.6E-07
8.6E-07
8.1E-07
3.2E-06
3.0E-12
1.4E-10
4.1E-11
1.1E-11
3.0E-09
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
2
5.
8
1
.5E-06
.1E-06
.9E-05
.3E-09
2.3E-04
1
9
.6E-05
.2E-10
4.3E-06
8
1
7
2
5
1
7
2
2
9
.1E-10
.4E-06
.3E-10
.5E-05
.9E-10
.5E-06
.3E-07
.3E-10
.5E-05
.7E-05
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-4
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors6
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Florin (9)
Francium (87)
Gadolinium (64)
Gallium (31)
Germanium (32)
Gold (79)
Holmium (67)
Hydrogen (1)
Indium (49)
Isotope0
Eu-154
Eu-155
Eu-1 56
F-18
Fr-22T
Fr-223'
Gd-153
Gd-159
Ga-67
Ga-72
Ge-71
Au-196
Au-198
Ho-166
H-3
ln-113m
ln-114
In- 11 4m
CASRN"
015585-10-1
014391-16-3
014280-35-4
013981-56-1
015756-41-9
015756-98-6
014276-65-4
014041-42-0
014119-09-6
013982-22-4
014374-81-3
014914-16-0
010043-49-0
013967-65-2
010028-17-8
014885-78-0(m)
013981-55-0
013981-55-0(m)
Radioactive
Half-life6
8.800E + 00
4.960E + 00
1.520E + 01
1.100E+02
4.800E + 00
2.180E + 00
2.420E + 02
1.860E + 01
3.260E + 00
1.410E + 01
1.180E + 01
6.180E + 00
2.700E + 00
2.680E + 01
1.230E + 01
1.660E + 00
7.190E + 01
4.950E + 01
Y
Y
D
M
M
M
D
H
D
H
D
D
D
H
Y
H
S
D
ICRP
Lung
Class'
W
W
W
D
D
D
W
W
W
W
W
Y
Y
W
*
W
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1. OE-03
1 .OE-03
1.0E + 00
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
3.0E-04
1.0E + 00
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
8.1E-11
1.2E-11
6.8E-11
2.6E-12
1.6E-12
4.6E-12
8.4E-12
1.6E-11
5.7E-12
3.5E-11
1.8E-13
1.1E-11
3.2E-11
4.6E-11
1.5E-12
1.3E-12
1.5E-13
1.5E-10
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
3.8E-09
4.9E-10
3.0E-10
1.9E-12
2.5E-11
1.1E-11
1.6E-10
1.7E-11
9.7E-12
3.2E-11
3.5E-12
2.4E-11
5.7E-11
5.9E-11
2.1F-12
7.8E-13
4.1E-14
1.1E-09
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
1 . 1 E-04
1 .6E-06
1.3E-04
8.4E-05
1.7E-06
1.1E-06
2.0E-06
2.4E-06
8.9E-06
2.6E-04
6.2E-10
3.5E-05
3.2E-05
1.8E-06
O.OE + 00
1.9E-05
2.7E-06
4.9E-06
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-5
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number) Isotope
ln-115
ln-115m
Iodine (53) 1-122
1-123
1-125
1-126
1-129
1-130
1-131
1-132
1-133
1-134
1-135
lr-190
lridium(77) lr-192
lr-194
Iron (26) Fe-55
Fe-59
CASRNd
014191-71-0
014191-71-0(m)
018287-75-7
015715-08-9
014158-31-7
014158-32-8
015046-84-1
014914-02-4
010043-66-0
014683-16-0
014834-67-4
014914-27-3
014834-68-5
014981-91-0
014694-69-0
014158-35-1
014681-59-5
014596-12-4
Radioactive
Half-life6
4.600E + 15
4.360E + 00
3.620E + 00
1.310E + 01
6.010E + 01
1.290E + 01
1.570E + 07
1.240E + 01
8.040E + 00
2.300E + 00
2.080E + 01
5.260E + 01
6.610E + 00
1.180E + 01
7.400E + 01
1.920E + 01
2.700E + 00
4.460E + 01
Y
H
M
H
D
D
Y
H
D
H
H
M
H
D
D
H
Y
D
ICRP
Lung
Class'
W
w
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Y
Y
Y
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1 .OE-02
1.0E-01
1 .OE-01
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
8.6E-10
3.2E-12
6.8E-13
2.7E-11
2.1E-10
4.1E-10
5.1E-09
2.5E-10
9.7E-10
2.7E-11
5.7E-10
7.6E-12
1.1E-10
3.8E-11
4.6E-11
4.3E-11
7.3E-12
7.6E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
5.9E-09
2.5E-12
2.1E-13
1.5E-11
1.4E-10
2.6E-10
3.2E-09
1.4E-10
6.5E-10
1.6E-11
3.2E-10
4.3E-12
6.5fc-11
1.3E-10
7.3E-10
4.9E-11
2.3E-11
2.6E-10
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
O.OE + 00
1.1E-05
8.1E-05
6.5E-06
7.8E-08
3.5E-05
1.1E-07
1 .9E-04
4.1E-05
2.1E-04
5.4E-05
2.4E-04
1.5E-04
1.1E-04
6.5E-05
7.6E-06
O.OE + 00
1.1E-04
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-6
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Krypton (36)
Lanthanum (57)
Lead (82)
Lutetium (71)
Manganese (25)
Isotope
Kr-83m
Kr-85
Kr-85m
Kr-87
KV RR
k> RQ
Kr-90
La- 140
Pb-203
Pb-209'
Pb-210'
Pb-210 + D
Pb-211'
Pb-212f
Pb-214*
Lu-177
Mn-52
Mn-54
CASRNd
013965-98-5(m)
013983-27-2
01 3983-27-2(m)
014809-68-8
HI AQQR fil-D
01 RTifi m 7
01 5741-1 3-6
013981-28-7
014687-25-3
014119-30-3
014255-04-0
01 4255-04-01 + D)
015816-77-0
015092-94-1
015067-28-4
014265-75-9
014092-99-0
013966-31-9
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.830E + 00
1 070E + 01
4 480E + 00
7 630E + 01
•) OA.C\C -i.nn
o 1 RnF -t-CiCi
3 230E + 01
4.020E + 01
5.200E + 01
3.250E + 00
2.230E + 01
2.230E + 01
3.610E + 01
1.060E + 01
2.680E + 01
6.710E + 00
5.590E + 00
3.130E + 02
H
Y
H
M
s
H
H
H
Y
Y
M
H
M
D
D
D
ICRP
Lung
Class
*
«
*
#
*
*
W
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Y
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E + 00
1 OE + 00
1 f)F4-no
1 OE + 00
1 HF -t- On
1 OF -t- on
1 OE + 00
1 .OE-03
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
3.0E-04
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
1
1
i
R
.7E-15
TF 1 R
OC 1 A
QC 1 A
1 QC 1 O
7 nr 1 A
K KC 1/1
6.
8.
2.
1.
1.
4.
1.
,2E-11
.6E-12
,3E-12
,4E-08
8E-08
.9E-12
.5E-10
4.6E-12
1.
5.
3.
,7E-11
9E-11
OE-11
8,
7.
1.
3,
1.
7.
1,
7,
5,
1.
1,
.1E-11
.OE-12
.9E-12
,5E-08
.1E-07
.6E-11
.2E-09
.8E-11
,1E-11
.OE-10
,4E-10
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
9.2E-10
1 QF O7
99F Hfi
7 fiF O^
11C (\A
2.2E-04
1.6E-05
0. OE + 00
3.5E-09
4.3E-09
4.3E-06
7.6E-06
1.7E-05
1.8E-06
3.2E-04
7.8E-05
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-7
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors8
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Mercury (80)
Molybdenum (42)
Neodymium (60)
Neptunium (93)
Nickel (28)
Niobium (41)
Isotope
Mn-56
Hg-197
Hg-203
Mo-99
Nd-147
Nd-149
Np-236
Np-237'
Np-237 + D
Np-238
Np-239'
Np-240
Np-240m
Ni-59
Ni-63
Ni-65
Nb-93m
Nb-94
CASRNd
014681-52-8
013981-51-6
013982-78-0
014119-15-4
014269-74-0
015749-81-2
015700-36-4
013994-20-2
013994-20-21 + D)
015766-25-3
013968-59-7
015690-84-3
015690-84-3(m)
014336-70-0
013981-37-8
014833-49-9
007440-03- Km)
014681-63-1
Radioactive
Half-life"
2.580E + 00
6.410E + 01
4.660E + 01
6.600E + 01
1.100E + 01
1.730E + 00
1.150E + 05
2.140E + 06
2.140E + 06
2.120E + 00
2.360E + 00
6.500E + 01
7.400E + 00
7.500E + 04
1.000E + 02
2.520E + 00
1.460E + 01
2.030E + 04
H
H
D
H
D
H
Y
Y
Y
D
D
M
M
Y
Y
H
Y
Y
ICRP
Lung
Class'
W
W
W
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
8.0E-01
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1 .OE-03
1.0E-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
1. OE-03
1. OE-03
1. OE-03
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
1.0E-02
1.0E-02
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
1.1E-11
7.3E-12
1.8E-11
4.1E-11
3.5E-11
5.1E-12
6.2E-12
5.9E-09
5.9E-09
3.0E-11
2.5E-11
3.5E-12
7.8E-13
2.5E-12
6.5E-12
7.0E-12
4.1E-12
5.7E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
7.6E-12
1.2E-11
1.3E-10
7.0E-11
1.5E-10
4.3E-12
1.1E-10
7.8E-07
7.8E-07
8.9E-11
4.1E-11
1.8E-12
2.4E-13
1.9E-11
4.9E-11
5.1E-12
5.1E 10
5.7E-09
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
1.6E-04
1.5E-06
1.5E-05
1.3E-05
8.1E-06
2.6E-05
2.4E-06
2.1E-07
1 .2E-05
4.6E-05
6.2E-06
8.6E-05
2.5E-05
O.OE + 00
O.OE + 00
5.1E-05
1 .4E-09
1.5E-04
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-8
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Osmium (76)
Palladium (46)
Phosphorus (1 5)
Platinum (78)
Isotope
Nb-95
Nb-95m
Nb-97
Nb-97m
Os-185
Os-191
Os-191m
Os-193
Pd-100
Pd-101
Pd-103
Pd-107
Pd-109
P-32
P-33
Pt-191
Pt-193
Pt-193m
CASRNd
013967-76-5
013967-76-5(m)
018496-04-3
018496-04-3(m)
015766-50-4
014119-24-5
014119-24-5(m)
016057-77-5
015690-69-4
015749-54-9
014967-68-1
017637-99-9
014981-64-7
014596-37-3
015749-66-3
015706-36-2
015735-70-3
015735-70-3(m)
Radioactive
Half-life6
3.510E + 01
8.660E + 01
7.210E + 01
6.000E + 01
9.360E + 01
1.540E + 01
1.300E + 01
3.000E + 01
3.640E + 00
8.480E + 00
1.700E + 01
6.500E + 06
1.350E + 01
1.430E + 01
2.540E + 01
2.710E + 00
5.000E + 01
4.330E + 00
D
H
M
S
D
D
H
H
D
H
D
Y
H
D
D
D
Y
D
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
D
D
D
D
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)g
1.0E-02
1.0E-02
1.0E-02
1.0E-02
1 .OE-02
1.0E-02
1 .OE-02
1. OE-02
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
1 .OE-02
1. OE-02
1. OE-02
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
1.8E-11
1.8E-11
3.2E-12
6.5E-14
1.7E-11
1.8E-11
3.2E-12
2.6E-11
2.7E-11
3.2E-12
5.9E-12
1.2E-12
2.1E-11
9.5E-11
1.5E-11
1.0E-11
9.5E-13
1.4E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
1.4E-10
4.3E-11
1.9E-12
3.0E-14
2.4E-10
9.7E-11
5.7E-12
3.2E-11
6.2E-11
3.0E-12
3.8E-11
1.7E-10
2.2E-11
8.1E-11
1.2E-11
8.1E-12
2.2E-12
1.1E-11
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
7.0E-05
2.2E-06
5.9E-05
6.8E-05
5.9E-05
2.3E-06
9.2E-08
4.6E-06
2.0E-08
O.OE + 00
5.9E-08
O.OE + 00
O.OE + 00
1.7E-05
O.OE + 00
2.1E-07
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-9
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number) Isotope
Pt-197
Pt-197m
Plutonium (94) Pu-236
Pu-238
Pu-239
Pu-240
Pu-241
Pu-242
Pu-243
Pu-244
Polonium (84) Po-210'
Po-212'
Po-213'
Po-214f
Po-215'
Po-216'
Po-218'
Potassium (19) K-40
CASRNd
015735-74-7
015735-74-7(m)
015411-92-4
013981-16-3
015117-48-3
014119-33-6
014119-32-5
013982-10-0
015706-37-3
014119-34-7
013981-52-7
015389-34-1
015756-57-7
015735-67-8
015706-52-2
015756-58-8
015422-24-9
013966-00-2
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.830E + 01
9.440E + 01
2.850E + 00
8.780E + 01
2.410E + 04
6.570E + 03
1.440E + 01
3.760E + 05
4.960E + 00
8.260E + 07
1.380E + 02
2.980E-07
4.200E-06
1 .640E-04
1 .780E-03
1.460E-01
3.050E + 00
1.280E + 09
H
M
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
H
Y
D
S
S
S
S
S
M
Y
ICRP
Lung
Class'
D
D
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1 .OE-02
1.0E-02
1 .OE-03
1.0E-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
1 .OE-03
1 .OE-03
1. OE-03
1 .OE-03
1.0E-01
1.0E-01
1 .OE-01
1.0E-01
1. OE-01
1. OE-01
1. OE-01
1.0E + 00
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
1.3E-11
3.2E-12
1 .4E-09
5.9E-09
6.2E-09
6.2E-09
9.7E-11
5.9E-09
3.0E-12
5.9E-09
4.1E-09
5.9E-22
8.6E-21
2.7E-19
7.6E-18
8.1E-16
7.6E-13
3.0E-10
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
8.6E-12
2.4E-12
6.5E-07
1.1E-06
1 .OE-06
1 .OE-06
6.2E-09
9.7E-07
2.7E-12
9.7E-07
7.0E08
1 .6E-20
2.2E-19
7.6E-18
1.5E-16
1.3E-14
1.6E-11
2.1E-10
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
8.4E-07
4.3E-06
9.2E-10
7.6E-10
4.6E-10
7.3E-10
O.OE + 00
6.2E-10
4.9E-07
5.1E-10
7.8E-10
O.OE + 00
2.7E-09
7.6E-09
1.2E-08
1 .4E-09
O.OE + 00
1.5E-05
[Table 48 continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.)
4B-10
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Praseodymium (59)
Promethium (61)
Protactinium (91)
Radium (88)
Isotope
K-42
Pr-142
Pr-143
Pr-144
Pr-144m
Pm-147
Pm-148
Pm-148m
Pm-149
Pa-231'
Pa-233'
Pa-234
Pa-234m'
Ra-223'
Ra-224'
Ra-225'
Ra-226'
Ra-226-t D
CASRNd
014378-21-3
014191-64-1
014981-79-4
014119-05-2
014119-05-2(m)
014380-75-7
014683-19-3
01 4683-1 9-3(m)
015765-31-8
014331-85-2
013981-14-1
015100-28-4
015100-28-4(m)
015623-45-7
013233-32-4
013981-53-8
013982-63-3
01 3982-63-3) + D)
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.240E + 01
1.910E + 01
1.360E + 01
1.730E + 01
7.200E + 00
2.620E + 00
5.370E + 00
4.130E + 01
5.310E + 01
3.730E + 04
2.700E + 01
6.700E + 00
1.170E + 00
1.140E + 01
3.620E + 00
1.480E + 01
1.600E + 03
1.600E + 03
H
H
D
M
M
Y
D
D
H
Y
D
H
M
D
D
D
Y
Y
ICRP
Lung
Class'
D
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)a
1.0E + 00
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1 .OE-03
1.0E-03
1. OE-03
1 .OE-03
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
2.4E-11
4.3E-11
3.8E-11
2.6E-12
1.0E-12
8.4E-12
8.4E-11
6.8E-11
3.2E-11
2.5E-09
2.7E-11
1.8E-11
1.6E-13
1.7E-09
1.0E-09
1 .4E-09
3.2E-09
3.2E-09
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
3.2E-11
4.9E-11
1.9E-10
9.7E-13
4.3E-13
8.1E-10
2.1E-10
1.3E-09
5.1E 11
9.7E-07
2.3E-10
1.5E-11
4.3E-14
8.4E-08
3.2E-08
4.1E-08
8.1E-08
8.1E-08
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
2.6E-05
5.7E-06
8.1E-13
3.2E-06
5.7E-08
1.6E-10
5.1E-05
1.8E-04
8.9E-07
7.0E-07
1.1E-05
1.6E-04
9.7E-07
6.2E-06
6.2E-07
5.1E-08
3.2E-07
1.6E-04
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-11
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors8
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Radon (86)
Rhodium (45)
Rubidium (37)
Ruthenium (44)
Isotope
Ra-228'
Ra-228 + D
Rn-219*
Rn-220'
Rn-222'
Rn-222 + D
Rh-103m
Rh-105
Rh-105m
Rh-106
Rb-82
Rb-86
Rb-87
Rb-88
Rb-89
Ru-97
Ru-103
Ru-105
CASRN"
015262-20-1
01 5262-20-1 ( + D)
014835-02-0
022481-48-7
014859-67-7
01 4859-67-71 + D)
007440-1 6-6(m)
014913-89-4
014913-89-4(m)
014234-34-5
014391-63-0
014932-53-7
013982-13-3
014928-36-0
014191-65-2
015758-35-7
013968-53-1
014331-95-4
Radioactive
Half-life6
5.750E + 00
5.750E + 00
3.960E + 00
5.560E + 01
3.820E + 00
3.820E + 00
5.610E + 01
3.540E + 01
4.500E + 01
2.990E + 01
1.250E + 00
1.870E + 01
4.730E + 10
1.780E + 01
1.540E + 01
2.900E + 00
3.940E + 01
4.440E + 00
Y
Y
S
S
D
D
M
H
S
S
M
D
Y
M
M
D
D
H
ICRP
Lung
Class'
W
w
*
«
*
*
Y
Y
Y
Y
D
D
D
D
D
Y
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
2.7E-09
2.7E-09
3.8E-11
4.6E-11
1.9E-13
1.2E-11
1.7E-14
1.2E-13
3.2E-13
1.6E-10
9.2E-11
4.6E-12
2.5E-12
4.6E-12
2.4E-11
1.0E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
1.8E-08
1 .9E-08
1.2E-12
3.2E-12
2.0E-11
2.1E-10
1.1F-13
1.6E-11
9.2E-15
3.2E-14
9.5E-14
1.2E-10
6.5E-11
2.1E-12
1.1E-12
7.0E-12
2.3E-10
8.9E 12
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
O.OE + 00
7.8E-05
4.3E-06
4.6E-08
3.2E-08
1 .6E-04
2.1E-09
5.9E-06
5.9E-07
1 .8E-05
9.5E-05
8.9E-06
O.OE + 00
6.5E-05
2.0E-04
1.1E-05
4.1E-05
7.0E-05
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-12
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Samarium (62)
Scandium (21)
Selenium (34)
Silicon (14)
Silver (47)
Sodium (11)
Isotope
Ru-106
Sm-147
Sm-151
Sm-153
Sc-46
Sc-47
Sc-48
Se-75
Si-31
Ag-105
Ag-108
Ag-108m
Ag-109m
Ag-110
Ag-1 10m
Ag-111
Na-22
Na-24
CASRN"
013967-48-1
014392-33-7
015715-94-3
015766-00-4
013967-63-0
014391-96-9
014391-86-7
014265-71-5
014276-49-4
014928-14-4
014391-65-2
014391-65-2(m)
014378-38-2(m)
014391-76-5
014391-76-5(m)
1 57690-04-0
013966-32-0
013982-04-2
Radioactive
Half-life6
3.680E + 02
1.060E + 11
9.000E + 01
4.670E+01
8.380E + 01
3.420E + 00
4.370E+01
1.200E+02
1.570E + 02
4.130E + 01
2.370E + 00
1.270E + 02
3.960E + 01
2.460E + 01
2.500E + 02
7.460E+00
2.600E+00
1.500E + 01
D
Y
Y
H
D
D
H
D
M
D
M
Y
S
S
D
D
Y
H
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y
W
W
W
Y
Y
Y
W
W
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
D
D
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
5.0E-02
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
8.0E-01
1 .OE-02
5.0E-02
5. OE-02
5. OE-02
5. OE-02
5. OE-02
5. OE-02
5. OE-02
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
2.6E-10
4.3E-10
3.0E-12
2.4E-1 1
4.3E-11
1.7E-11
5.1E-11
1.6E-10
5.9E-12
2.0E-11
2.3E-13
9.5E-11
8.9E-15
8.1E-14
1.3E-10
4.3E-11
1.8E-10
2.7E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
1.2E08
1.
2,
3.
7.
3,
6.
1.
4.
1.
6.
4.
.9E-07
.4E-10
.5E-11
.3E-10
,2E-11
,2E-11
.6E-10
.6E-12
1E-10
5E-14
1E-09
2.4E-15
2.
1.
1.
1.
2.
2E-14
9E-09
,3E 10
3E-10
6E-11
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
O.OE + 00
O.OE + 00
1
1
1
6
3
2
8
.1E-11
.2E-06
.9E-04
.2E-06
.2E-04
.2E-05
.1E-08
1 .4E-06
1 .
3,
2.
2.
2.
1.
4.
.4E-04
,5E-08
.7E-06
.5E-04
.1E-06
.9E-04
3E-04
(Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-13
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors"
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Strontium (38)
Sulfur (16)
Tantalum (73)
Technetium (43)
Isotope
Sr-82
Sr-85
Sr-85m
Sr-89
Sr-90'
Sr-90 + D
Sr-91
Sr-92
S-35
Ta-182
Tc-95
Tc-95m
Tc-96
Tc-96m
Tc-97
Tc-97m
Tc-99
Tc-99m
CASRNd
014809-50-8
013967-73-2
013967-73-2(m)
014158-27-1
010098-97-2
01 0098-97-21 + D)
014331-91-0
014928-29-1
015117-53-0
013982-00-8
' 014809-56-4
014809-56-4(m)
014808-44-7
014808-44-7(m)
015759-35-0
015759-35-0(m)
014133-76-7
014133-76-7(m)
Radioactive
Half-life6
2.500E + 01
6.480E + 01
6.770E + 01
5.060E + 01
2.860E + 01
2.860E + 01
9.500E + 00
2.710E + 00
8.740E + 01
1.150E + 02
2.000E + 01
6.100E + 01
4.280E + 00
5.150E + 01
2.600E + 06
8.900E + 01
2.130E + 05
6.020E + 00
D
D
M
D
Y
Y
H
H
D
D
H
D
D
M
Y
D
Y
H
ICRP
Lung
Class
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
0
D
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
8.0E-01
1.0E-03
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
8.0E-01
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
2.0E-10
2.1E-11
3.2E-13
8.1E-11
8.9E-10
9.7E-10
2.3E-11
1.5E-11
5.9E-12
4.6E-11
1.5E-12
4.9E-11
4.9E-11
6.2E-13
4.1E-12
3.0E-11
3.5E-11
1.4E-12
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
1.
2.
1.
7,
1
1
1
1
5
1
6
1
5
5
2
9E-10
.7E-11
,6E-13
.8E-11
.5E-09
.7E-09
.9E-11
.2E-11
.1E-12
.2E-09
.2E-13
.1E-10
.7E-11
.7E-13
.6E-11
1.4E-10
2
7
.2E-10
.3E-13
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
3.
3.
1.
1.
5E-09
8E-05
3E-05
3E-08
O.OE + 00
O.OE + 00
6.
1.
.5E-05
.2E-04
O.OE + 00
1.
6.
.1E-04
.5E-05
5.1E-05
2.2E-04
1.9E-06
9.5E-09
1 .OE-08
1.6E-11
6
.2E-06
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-14
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors8
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Tellurium (52)
Terbium (65)
Thallium (81)
Thorium (90)
Isotope0
Te-125m
Te-127
Te-127m
Te-129
Te-129m
Te-131
Te-131m
Te-132
Tb-158
Tb-160
TI-202
TI-204
TI-207*
TI-208'
TI-209'
Th-227'
Th-228*
Th-228 + D
CASRNd
014390-73-9(m)
013981-49-2
013981-49-2(m)
014269-71-7
014269-71-7(m)
014683-12-6
014683-12-6(m)
014234-28-7
015759-55-4
013981-29-8
015720-57-7
013968-51-9
014133-67-6
014913-50-9
015690-73-0
015623-47-9
014274-82-9
014274-82-91 + D)
Radioactive
Half-life6
5.800E + 01
9.350E + 00
1.090E + 02
6.960E + 01
3.360E + 01
2.500E + 01
3.000E + 01
7.820E + 01
1.500E + 02
7.230E + 01
1.220E + 01
3.780E + 00
4.770E + 00
3.050E + 00
2.200E + 00
1.870E + 01
1.910E + 00
1.910E + 00
D
H
D
M
D
M
H
H
Y
D
D
Y
M
M
M
D
Y
Y
ICRP
Lung
Class'
W
w
W
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
D
D
D
D
D
Y
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
2.3E-11
6.2E-12
5.9E-11
3.0E-12
8.6E-11
7.6E-12
1.0E-10
8.1E-11
3.2E-11
4.9E-11
2.3E-11
4.6E-11
3.5E-13
4.9E-13
3.8E-13
1.2E-10
3.0E-10
1.5E-09
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
1,
6,
4,
1.
5.
3.
1.
1,
2,
5,
1.
3,
1
1
1
1
.5E-10
,2E-12
,3E-10
.8E-12
.4E-10
.8E-12
.5E-10
.4E-10
.5E-09
.1E-10
.6E-11
.5E-11
.2E-13
.4E-13
.2E-13
.3E-07
2.1E-06
2.1E-06
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
7.
3.
2,
3,
1.
3.
1,
1.
9.
3.
2.
2,
3.
1.
4,
1.
1.
.OE-08
.8E-07
.3E-08
,5E-06
.7E-06
.2E-05
.3E-04
.1E-05
.7E-05
.5E-05
.4E-08
.OE-07
.5E-04
.9E-04
.3E-06
.5E-08
,5E-04
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-15
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number)
Thulium (69)
Tin (50)
Tungsten (74)
Uranium (92)
Isotope
Th 99QT
1 [1-^.za
Th-229 + D
Th-230'
Th-231*
Th-232f
Th-234'
Tm-170
Tm-171
Sn-113
Sn-121
Sn-121m
Sn-125
Sn-126
W-181
W-185
W-187
U-232
U-233
CASRNd
f\1 CCQA KA A
\J i 3 O C7*r~U*T~*r
015594-54-4( + D)
014269-63-7
014932-40-2
007440-29-1
015065-10-8
013981-30-1
014333-45-0
013966-06-8
014683-06-8
014683-06-8(m)
014683-08-0
015832-50-5
015749-46-9
014932-41-3
014983-48-3
014158-29-3
013968-55-3
Radioactive
Half-life"
7 ^AHF -i-H^
/ • O*rUC T VJO
7.340E + 03
7.700E + 04
2.550E + 01
1.410E + 10
2.410E + 01
1.290E + 02
1.920E + 00
1.150E + 02
2.710E + 01
5.550E + 01
9.640E + 00
1.000E + 05
1.210E + 02
7.510E + 01
2.380E + 01
7.200E + 01
1.590E + 05
v
T
Y
Y
H
Y
D
D
Y
D
H
Y
D
Y
D
D
H
Y
Y
1CRP
Lung
Class'
v
I
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
D
D
D
Y
Y
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
2 AC f\A
.\Jt-.-\JL¥
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.0E-04
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
5.0E-02
5.0E-02
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
57F 1 O.
. / C~ I U
2.4E-09
3.5E-10
1.1E-11
3.2E-10
1.1E-10
4.1E-11
3.2E-12
2.4E-11
7.3E-12
1.5E-11
9.7E-11
1.5E-10
2.2E-12
1.3E-11
1.7E-11
1 .OE-09
4.3E-10
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
2 OF nfi
. \JC. \J\J
2.1E-06
7.8E-07
1.3E-11
7.6E-07
8.6E-10
5.7E-10
8.4E-11
2.5E-10
8.6F-12
2.5E-10
3.2E-10
2.1E-09
1.7E-12
8.1E-12
1.1E-11
1.6E-06
7.3E-07
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
1.8E-05
1.5E-09
6.2E-08
7.0E-10
9.5E-08
1 .OE-07
8.9E-09
8.9E-08
3.0E-05
8.9E-07
5.9E-07
1.3E-09
4.1E-05
1.2E-09
1.1E-09
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-16
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors'
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number) Isotope0
U-234'
U-235'
U-235 + D
U-236
U-237
U-238T
U-238 + D
U-240
Vanadium (23) V-48
Xenon (54) Xe-122
Xe-123
Xe-125
Xe-127
Xe-129m
Xe-131m
Xe-133
Xe-133m
Xe-135
CASRN"
013966-29-5
015117-96-1
015117-96-K + D)
013982-70-2
014269-75-1
007440-61-1
007440-6 1-K + D)
015687-53-3
014331-97-6
015151-09-4
015700-10-4
013994-18-8
013994-19-9
013965-99-6(m)
01 4683-1 1-5(m)
014932-42-4
014932-42-4(m)
014995-62-1
Radioactive
Half-life6
2.
450E + 05
7.040E + 08
7.040E + 08
2,
6.
,340E + 07
.750E + 00
4.470E + 09
4.470E + 09
1
.410E + 01
1.600E + 01
2.010E + 01
2.140E + 00
1.680E + 01
3.640E + 01
8.890E + 00
1.180E + 01
5.250E + 00
2.190E + 00
9.110E + 00
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Y Y
Y Y
Y Y
Y Y
D Y
Y Y
Y Y
H Y
D W
H
H
H
D
D
D
D
D
H
Gl
Absorption Ingestion
Factor (f,)9 (Risk/Bq)
5.0E-02 4.3E-10
5.0E-02 4.3E-10
5.0E-02 4.3E-10
5.0E-02 4.1E-10
5.0E-02 2.4E-11
5.0E-02 4.3E-10
5.0E-02 5.4E-10
5.0E-02 3.2E-11
1.0E-02 5.9E-11
1 nF-i-nn
1 f\C i f\n
1 nc j. nn
1 OF 4- on
1 ncj_nn
1 APo~nn
1 nP -u nn
1 np 4- nn
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
7.
6.
OE-07
8E-07
6.8E-07
6.8E-07
7.
6.
6.
3.
.OE-1 1
.5E-07
.5E-07
.2F-11
2.1E-10
8.9E-14
2.0E-14
1.1E-14
1.1E-14
1.6E-14
1.2E-14
1.2E-14
1.5E-14
2.2E-14
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
8.
6.
6.
6.
3.
5.
1.
4.
2.
2.
4.
1,
1.
3.
1,
6
8
1
.1E-10
5E-06
.5E-06
.5E-10
.5E-06
.7E-10
.4E-06
.1E-09
.7E-04
.3E-06
.6E-05
,3E-05
.4E-05
.5E-07
.2E-07
.2E-07
.9E-07
.7E-05
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.]
4B-17
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -- Slope Factors6
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Element
(Atomic Number)
Yttrium (39)
Zinc (30)
Zirconium (40)
Isotope
Xe-135m
Xe-137
Xe-138
Y-90f
Y-91
Y-91m
Y-92
Y-93
Zn-65
Zn-69
Zn-69m
Zr-93
Zr-95
Zr-97
CASRNd
01 4995-62-1 (m)
014835-21-3
015751-81-2
010098-91-6
014234-24-3
014234-24-3(m)
015751-59-4
014981-70-5
013982-39-3
013982-23-5
013982-23-5(m)
015751-77-6
013967-71-0
014928-30-4
Radioactive
Half-life6
1.540E + 01
3.830E + 00
1.410E + 01
6.410E + 01
5.850E + 01
4.970E + 01
3.540E + 00
1.010E + 01
2.440E + 02
5.560E + 01
1.380E + 01
1.530E + 06
6.400E + 01
1.690E + 01
M
M
M
H
D
M
H
H
D
M
H
Y
D
H
ICRP
Lung
Class
*
*
«
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W
W
W
Slope Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1.0E + 00
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
1. OE-04
1 .OE-04
1 .OE-04
5.0E-01
5.0E-01
5.0E-01
2.0E-03
2.0E-03
2.0E-03
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
8.6E-11
7.6E-11
5.9E-13
1.9E-11
3.8E-11
2.3E-10
1.5E-12
1.2E-11
4.6E-12
2.7E-11
6.5E-11
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
5.7E-15
4.9E-14
7.6E-14
1.5E-10
1.3E-09
9
1
3
.5E-13
.6E-11
.8E-11
4.3E-10
8
1
1
2
6
.6E-13
.5E-1 1
.8E-10
.7E-10
.8E-11
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
3.5E-05
1.6E-05
1.1E-04
O.OE + 00
3
4
2
8
5
4
3
.2E-07
.6E-05
.3E-05
.1E-06
.4E-05
9E-10
.5E-05
O.OE + 00
6
1
.8E-05
.6E-05
[Table 4B continues on the following page: Refer to Endnotes on the last page.)
4B-18
-------
Table 4B: Radionuclide Carcinogenicity - Slope Factors"
(In Units of Becquerelsb)
MARCH 1994
Slops Factor
Lifetime Excess Total Cancer Risk Per Unit Intake or Exposure
Element
(Atomic Number) Isotope0 CASRN
Radioactive
Half-life6
ICRP
Lung
Class'
Gl
Absorption
Factor (f,)9
Ingestion
(Risk/Bq)
Inhalation
(Risk/Bq)
External Exposure
(Risk/yr per Bq/g soil)
ENDNOTES:
a EPA classifies all radionuclides as Group A (known human) carcinogens. Radionuclide slope factors are calculated by EPA's Office of Radiation and Indoor
Air (ORIA) to assist HEAST users with risk-related evaluations and decision-making at various stages of the remediation process. Ingestion and inhalation slope
factors are best estimates (i.e., median or 50th percentile values) of the age-averaged, lifetime excess cancer incidence (fatal and nonfatal cancer) risk per unit
of activity inhaled or ingested, expressed as risk/picocurie (pCi) in Table 4A or as risk/becquerel (Bq) in Table 4B. External exposure slope factors are best
estimates of the lifetime excess cancer incidence risk for each year of exposure to external radiation from photon-emitting radionuclides distributed uniformly in
a thick layer of soil, and are expressed as risk/yr per pCi/gram of soil (Table 4A) or as risk/yr per Bq/gram of soil (Table 4B). For a discussion on the derivation
of radionuclide slope factors and guidance on their use, refer to the User's Guide section on radionuclide carcinogenicity.
b A becquerel (Bq), the International System (SI) unit of activity, is equal to one nuclear transformations per second. 1 Bq « 27 picocuries (pCi).
c For each radionuclide listed, slope factors correspond to the risks per unit intake or exposure for that radionuclide only, except when marked with a "+D" to
indicate that the risks from radioactive decay chain products are also included. Radionuclides designated with a "f" are members of a decay chain. Refer to Exhibit
1 in the User's Guide section on radionuclide carcinogenicity for guidance on determining slope factors for partial or complete radioactive decay chains.
d Chemical Abstract Service Reference Number (CASRN). For risk calculations involving decay chains, a CASRN should be reported for the parent radionuclide
and each chain member.
e Radioactive half-life: S = Second, M = Minute, D = Day, Y = Year. For those radionuclides with decay products (+D), half-lives are listed for the parent
radionuclide.
f Lung clearance classification recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP): Y = Year, W = Week, D = Day, * = Gas.
9 Gastrointestinal (Gl) absorption factors are the fractional amounts of each radionuclide absorbed across the Gl tract into the bloodstream. Lung clearance
classifications and Gl absorption factors are provided for reference only. Do not use these factors to adjust (i.e., multiply or divide) inhalation or ingestion slope
factors. See the User's Guide for instructions.
[Table 4B concluded.]
4B-19
-------
APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL INFORMATION
I. DATA SOURCES AND SELECTION CRITERIA USED IN HEAST
II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST
III. CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE
REGISTRY NUMBERS CROSS REFERENCE
IV. EFFECT LEVEL DEFINITIONS
V. NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS)
-------
-------
APPENDIX A-l
I. DATA SOURCES AND SELECTION CRITERIA USED IN HEAST
A. Description of Sources and Documents Cited in HEAST
1. The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
IRIS is an on-line data base developed by the EPA for compilation of risk
assessment and regulatory information on chemicals and physical agents. IRIS is the
primary communications mechanism for distribution of health hazard assessment
information derived by the various intra-Agency Work Groups. The primary intent of
IRIS is to provide guidance to EPA personnel in making risk management decisions.
An IRIS chemical file contains a Work Group verified summary of the available
information on hazard and dose-response assessment for noncarcinogenic and/or
carcinogenic effects for that chemical and is not an extensive toxicologic data base.
Risk assessment values placed on IRIS are considered Agency consensus and take
precedence over differing risk assessment values from other EPA sources. Each file
includes referenced citations and EPA contacts for obtaining further information on any
specific chemical or agent. The IRIS data base was made available to State and local
governments, as well as to the public, in April 1988.
* Questions concerning IRIS: Call RISK INFORMATION HOTLINE at (513) 569-7254
2. EPA Work Groups:
Risk assessment values for chemicals currently being considered by EPA Work
Groups, but not yet on IRIS, are included in HEAST. The EPA Reference
Dose/Reference Concentration (RfD/RfC) Work Group and the Carcinogen Risk
Assessment Verification Endeavor (CRAVE) Work Group validates Agency systemic
toxicity and carcinogen risk assessments, respectively. These Work Groups are also
responsible for resolving any conflicts regarding toxicity values developed by various
Program Offices. Work Group members represent many different EPA offices and are
scientists experienced in issues related to both the qualitative and quantitative risk
assessment of carcinogenic and toxic agents. Values verified by these Work Groups
have undergone extensive peer review and represent an Agency consensus. Verified
risk assessment values are entered into the IRIS data base monthly.
* Questions concerning RfD/RfC Work Group: Call Mike Dourson (ECAO-Cincinnati) at
(513) 569-7533 or Annie Jarabek (ECAO-Research Triangle Park) at (919) 541-4847
A-1
-------
* Questions concerning CRAVE Work Group: Call Jim Cogliano at (202) 260-3814
(OHEA-Washington, DC)
3. Office of Research and Development (ORD/Office of Health and
Environmental Assessment (OHEA) OSWER-OAQPS (Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response-Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards) Documents:
A listing of most ORD/OHEA OSWER-OAQPS documents can be found in the
Chemical Assessments and Related Activities (CARA) list (available through NTIS) or in
the CERI (Center for Environmental Research Information) Office of Research and
Development publications list. The CARA is produced by the Office of Health and
Environmental Assessment (OHEA). All OSWER-OAQPS documents are subject to a
minimum of internal EPA peer review or a maximum of EPA/Peer Review
Workshop/Science Advisory Board and public comments prior to finalization.
* Information on the availability of OSWER-OAQPS documents can be obtained from
the following sources:
All Documents:
Technical Information Staff
Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (RD-689)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
(202) 260-7345
Published Documents:
Center for Environmental Research Information (CERI)
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
26 W. Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
(513)569-7562
Documents Available Through RCRA/Superfund:
Hotline Number 1-800-424-9346
A-2
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Documents Available from NTIS:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
(703) 487-4650
Health Effects Assessments (HEAs): This document series was prepared by the
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO-Cincinnati) for the Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response (Superfund). HEAs are intended for use by the
OERR in evaluating risk for its preliminary assessment process at uncontrolled sites,
and for appraising clean-up alternatives in its remedial investigation/feasibility studies.
HEAs are brief, quantitatively oriented, preliminary assessment of relevant health
effects data. HEAs are subject to internal EPA review by staff within the Office of Health
and Environmental Assessment. Final drafts of HEAs become part of the RCRA and
Superfund dockets and are available through NTIS. This series has recently been
incorporated into the following HEED series.
Health and Environmental Effects Documents (HEEDs): This document series is
prepared by the Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO-Cincinnati) for
the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER). HEEDs are intended to
support listings under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) as well as
to provide health-related limits and goals for emergency and remedial actions under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA).
Within a HEED, both published literature and information within Agency Program
Offices are evaluated as they pertain to potential human health, aquatic life and
environmental effects of hazardous waste constituents. Quantitative estimates,
including reference doses for chronic and subchronic duration for both inhalation and
oral exposures, carcinogenic potency factors, unit risk estimates for air and drinking
water, and reportable quantities (RQs) based on chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity are
determined when sufficient data are available. HEEDs are subject to internal EPA
review by staff within the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment and the
Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. Final drafts of HEEDs become part of the
RCRA and Superfund public dockets and are available through NTIS.
Health and Environmental Effects Profiles (HEEPs): This document series was
prepared by the Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO-Cincinnati) for
the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER). HEEPs have been
superseded by HEEDs since mid-FY87. HEEPs are intended to support listings of
hazardous constituents of a wide range of waste streams under Section 3001 of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), as well as to provide health-related
limits for emergency actions under Section 010 of the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). HEEPs are summaries of the
A-3
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literature concerning health hazards associated with environmental exposures to
chemicals or compounds and are very similar to HEEDs as described above. HEEPs
were subject to internal EPA review by staff within the Office of Health and
Environmental Assessment. HEEPS are part of the RCRA and CERCLA public
dockets. Final drafts are available through NTIS.
Air Quality Criteria Documents (AQCDs): This document series is prepared by the
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO-Research Triangle Park) for the
Office of Air and Radiation (OAR). AQCDs are intended to support National Ambient
Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) set under Sections 108-110 of the Clean Air Act.
These documents are evaluations of the available scientific literature on the potential
health effects of air pollutants. AQCDs are subject to internal EPA review by staff within
the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment and the Office of Air and Radiation.
Further review is conducted by the Science Advisory Board/Clean Air Scientific
Advisory Committee, and then, these documents are subject to peer review workshops
and public comments. The AQCDs are mandated by the Clean Air Act and are revised
at 5-year intervals. AQCDs become part of the OAR public docket and final drafts are
available through NTIS.
Health Assessment Documents (HADsV. This document series is prepared by the
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO-Research Triangle Park and
ECAO-Cincinnati) for the Office of Air and Radiation (OAR). HADs are intended for use
by the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) to determine possible
listing of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) under sections 111 and 112 of the Clean Air
Act. These documents are evaluations of the available scientific literature on the
potential health effects of air pollutants and serve as the scientific data base for
establishing relationships between exposure concentrations and potential health risks.
HADs are subject to internal EPA review by staff within the Office of Health and
Environmental Assessment and the Office of Air and Radiation. Further review is
conducted by the Science Advisory Board/Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee, and
then, these documents are subject to peer review workshops and public comments.
HADs become part of the OAR public docket and final drafts are available through
NTIS.
4. Miscellaneous Documents:
Drinking Water Criteria Documents (DWCDs): The Environmental Criteria and
Assessment Office (ECAO-Cin) prepares a portion of this document series for the
Office of Water (OW). DWCDs are intended to assist the OW in deriving criteria
standards for chemicals in drinking water, as required under Section 412(b)(3)(A) of the
Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended in 1986. The DWCDs are comprehensive
evaluations of potential health effects, including mechanisms of toxicity, with specific
emphasis on data providing dose-response information. DWCDs contain Health
A-4
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Advisories (Has) for 1-day, 10-day and longer-term exposures and drinking water
equivalent levels for lifetime exposures. DWCDs are subject to internal EPA review by
staff within the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment and the Office of Water.
Selected documents are reviewed by the Science Advisory Board and are subject to
peer review workshops and public comments. DWCDs become part of the Safe
Drinking Water (SOW) public docket and final drafts are available through NTIS.
B. Selection Criteria and Sources of HEAST Values
Chemicals with derived noncarcinogenic and/or carcinogen risk assessment values
that have had some level of peer review (i.e., those in peer reviewed EPA documents
or under review by EPA Work Groups) are included in HEAST; this does not include
many interim values (values not found in final EPA documents or not being considered
by Work Groups) derived for various purposes within Superfund and other Program
Offices. In updating the HEAST, the first source that is checked is the Integrated Risk
Information System (IRIS) for revised or newly added risk assessment values.
Secondly, the status of chemicals under discussion by the RfD/RfC and CRAVE Work
Groups is reviewed. The Office of Health and Environmental Assessment's Chemical
Assessments and Related Activities (CARA) list is also reviewed for new Office of
Water, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, and Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response risk assessment documents (HEEDs, HEEPs, HEAs, HADs,
AQCDs, DWCDs).
The HEAST also contains chemicals commonly found at RCRA (Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act) sites as identified by the Office of Solid Waste's
Technical Assessment Branch. Questions about RCRA chemicals may be addressed
by calling the Health Assessment Section (Office of Solid Waste) at (202) 260-4761.
Finally, the Office of Radiation Programs provides data on radionuclides for Table 4A
and 4B of the HEAST. Radionuclides included are those thought to be most commonly
encountered at Superfund sites. Questions concerning radionuclides carcinogenicity
should first be addressed by contacting the appropriate Regional Radiation Program
Manager. A listing of these managers and several contacts in the Office of Radiation
Programs can be found in Exhibit 2 of the User's Guide -Radionuclide Carcinogenicity.
A-5
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A-6
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APPENDIX A-ll
II. DOSE CONVERSIONS ON HEAST
In January 1991, the decision was made to replace inhalation Reference Doses
(RfDi) for noncancer toxicity and inhalation slope factors for carcinogenicity, previously
available on the IRIS data base, with Reference Concentrations (RFC) and inhalation
unit risks, respectively. RfCs and unit risks are expressed in terms of concentration in
air (mg/m3), not in terms of "dose" (mg/kg-day) like the RfDs and the oral and inhalation
slope factors. This presents a problem for the Superfund program, since the current
Hazard Ranking System (MRS) and the Risk Assessment Guidance for superfund
(RAGS): Human Health Evaluation manual, Parts A and B were developed using
chronic daily intakes and health criteria expressed in units of mg/kg-day.
The decision to replace inhalation slope factors and RfDi values expressed in
mg/kg-day with unit risk and RfC values expressed in mg/m3 was based on two major
factors: 1) the workgroups felt that it was technically more accurate to base toxicity
values directly on measured air concentrations instead of making the metabolic
pharmacokinetic and/or surface area adjustments required to estimate an "internal
dose"; and 2) there are compounds that elicit route-of-entry effects (e.g., sensitizers
and irritants) where the toxic effect is to the respiratory system or exchange boundary
where a measure of "internal dose" might inappropriately imply effects to other organ
systems or effects from other exposure routes.
Superfund recognizes the importance of these issues and is actively working
with EPA's Office of Research and Development to evaluate the impact of these
changes on its program regulations and guidance. In the short term, however,
modification of program regulations and guidance is not a viable option. Therefore, the
chairs of the RfD/RfC and CRAVE Work Groups were consulted regarding Superfund's
need to make the conversion from a concentration in air to dose. There was agreement
that, in many cases, converting the air concentration data to a dose (in mg/kg-day) may
not add significant uncertainty to the Superfund risk assessment process, and therefore
may be a reasonable use of the data given appropriate circumstances and Superfund
program objectives. These Work Groups will continue to work with the Superfund
program to identify specific instances where it is not appropriate to make the conversion
from unit risk/RfC to inhalation slope factor/RfD due to the large uncertainty introduced
by the assumptions used in the conversion.
Generally, the Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center will be
responsible for making all appropriate conversions and the values will be identified with
appropriate highlights or footnotes in the Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables
(HEAST). Therefore, HEAST users are strongly advised against making such
conversions themselves. However, it is a critical responsibility of the risk assessor to
A-7
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consult the original reports cited in the HEAST and to appropriately characterize or
caveat the resulting risk estimates derived from these values so that managers are fully
informed of their origin and related uncertainties.
A-8
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APPENDIX A-lll
II. CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE
REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
This section lists chemicals and their respective Chemical Abstracts Service
Registry Number (CASRN) for cross referencing on the HEAST. Chemicals may be
searched either alphabetically by chemical name or numerically by the CASRN.
A-9
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CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY NAME)
March 1994
ACENAPHTHENE 000083-32-9
ACENAPTHYLEME 000208-96-8
ACEPHATE 030560-19-1
ACETONE 000067-64-1
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN 000075-86-5
ACE TON I TRUE 000075-05-8
ACETOPHENONE 000098-86-2
ACROLEIN 000107-02-8
ACRYLAMIOE 000079-06-1
ACRYLIC ACID 000079-10-7
ACRYLONITRILE 000107-13-1
ADIPONITRILE 000111-69-3
ALACHLOR 015972-60-8
ALDICARB 000116-06-3
ALDRIM 000309-00-2
ALLIOOCHLOR 000093-71-0
ALLYL ALCOHOL 000107-18-6
ALLYL CHLORIDE 000107-05-1
ALUMINUM 007429-90-5
ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE 020859-73-8
AMETRYN 000834-12-8
AMINO-2-NAPHTHOL, 1- 002834-92-6
AMINO-2-MAPHTOL HYDROCHLORIDE. 1- 001198-27-2
AMINOPHENOL, M- 000591-27-5
AMINOPHENOL, 0- 000095-55-6
AMINOPHENOL, P- 000123-30-8
AMINOPYRIDINE, 4- 000504-24-5
AMMONIA 007664-41-7
ANILINE 000062-53-3
ANTHRACENE 000120-12-7
ANTIMONY, METALLIC 007440-36-0
ANTIMONY PENTOXIDE 001314-60-9
ANTIMONY POTASSIUM TARTRATE 000304-61-0
ANTIMONY TETROXIDE 001332-81-6
ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE 001309-64-4
ARAMITE 000140-57-8
AROCHLOR 1248 012672-29-6
ARSENIC, INORGANIC 007440-38-2
ASBESTOS 001332-21-4
ATRAZINE 001912-24-9
AZOBENZENE 000103-33-3
BARIUM 007440-39-3
BARIUM CYANIDE 000542-62-1
BENEFIN 001861-40-1
BENZAL CHLORIDE 000098-87-3
BENZALDEHYDE 000100-52-7
BENZALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN 000532-28-5
BENZENE 000071-43-2
BENZENETHIOL / (THIOPHENOL) 000108-98-5
BENZIDINE
BENZOIC ACID
BENZOTRI CHLORIDE
BENZO[A]ANTHRACENE
BENZO[A]PYRENE
BENZOCB]FLUORANTHENE
BENZO (OFLUORANTHENE
BENZYL ALCOHOL
BENZYL CHLORIDE
BERYLLIUM
BIPHENYL, 1,1'
BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL) ETHER
BIS(2-CHLOROISOPROPYL) ETHER
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE /
BIS(CHLOROHETHYL) ETHER
BISPHENOL A
BORON. ELEMENTAL
BORON TRIFLUORIDE
BROMINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS
BROMINATED D1BENZOFURANS
BROMOACETONE
BROMOCHLOROETHANES
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE
BROMOETHENE / (VINYL BROMIDE)
BROMOFORN
BROMOMETHANE
BROMOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER, 4-
BROMOPHOS
BROMOXYNIL
BROMOXYNIL OCTANOATE
BUSAN 77
BUSAN 90
BUTADIENE, 1,3-
BUTANOL, 1-
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE, N-
BUTYLATE
BUTYLCHLORIDE, T-
BUTYROLACTONE, GAMMA-
CACODYLIC ACID
CADMIUM
CALCIUM CYANIDE
CAPROLACTAM
CAPTAFOL
CAPTAN
CARBARYL
CARBAZOLE
CARBOFURAN
CARBON DISULFIDE
CARBON MONOXIDE
000092-87-5
000065-85-0
000098-07-7
000056-55-3
000050-32-8
000205-99-2
000207-08-9
000100-51-6
000100-44-7
007440-41-7
000092-52-4
000111-44-4
039638-32-9
(DEHP)000117-81-7
000542-88-1
000080-05-7
007440-42-8
007637-07-2
NO CASRN
NO CASRN
000598-31-2
NO CASRN
000075-27-4
000593-60-2
000075-25-2
000074-83-9
000101-55-3
002104-96-3
001689-84-5
001689-99-2
031512-74-0
002491-38-5
000106-99-0
000071-36-3
000085-68-7
002008-41-5
000507-20-0
000096-48-0
000075-60-5
007440-43-9
000592-01-8
000105-60-2
002425-06-1
000133-06-2
000063-25-2
000086-74-8
001563-66-2
000075-15-0
000630-05-0
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
CHLORAL
CHLORANIL
CHLORDANE
CHLORINE CYANIDE
CHLORO-1,3-BGTADIENE. 2-
000056
000075
000118
000057
000506
(CHLOROPRENE)
000126
CHLORO-2-METHYLANILINE, 4- 000095
CHLORO-2-METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE, 4-
003165
CHLORO-M-CRESOL, P-
CHLOROACETALDEHYDE
CHLOROACETIC ACID
CHLOROANILINE, 2-
CHLOROANILINE, 3-
CHLOROANILINE, 4-
CHLOROBENZENE
CHLOROBENZILATE
CHLOROBENZOIC ACID, P-
CHLOROBENZOTRIFLUORIDE, 4-
CHLOROBUTANE. 1-
CHLOROBUTANE. 2-
CHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
CHLOROFORM
CHLOROMETHANE / (METHYL CHLORIDE)
CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER
CHLORONITROBENZENE, M-
CHLORONITROBENZENE, 0-
CHLORONITROBENZENE, P-
CHLOROPHENOL, 2-
CHLOROPHENOL, 3-
CHLOROPHENOL, 4-
CHLOROPROPANE, 2-
CHLOROTHALONIL
CHLOROTOLUENE, M-
CHLOROTOLUENE, 0-
CHLOROTOLUENE, P-
CHLORPYRIFOS
CHLORPYRIFOS METHYL
CHLORTHIOPHOS
CHROMIUM(III)
CHROMIUM(VI)
CHRYSENE
COKE OVEN EMISSIONS
COPPER
COPPER CYANIDE
CREOSOTE, COAL TAR
CRESOL, M- / (3-METHYLPHENOL)
CRESOL, 0- / (2-METHYLPHENOL)
000059
000107
000079
000095
000108
000106
000108
000510
000074
000098
000109
000078
041851
000067
000074
000107
000121
000088-
000100-
000095
000108
000106-
000075
001897
000108
000095
000106
002921
005598-
060238-
016065-
018540
000218-
008007-
007440
000544-
008001-
000108-
000095-
-23-5
-87-6
-75-2
-74-9
-77-4
-99-8
-69-2
93-3
50-7
•20-0
11-8
51-2
42-9
47-8
90-7
15-6
11-3
56-6
69-3
86-4
50-7
66-3
87-3
30-2
73-3
73-3
00-5
57-8
43-0
48-9
29-6
45-6
41-8
49-8
43-4
88-2
13-0
56-4
83-1
29-9
01-9
45-2
50-8
92-3
58-9
39-4
48-7
NAME/CASRN-1
-------
CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY NAME) Continued
March 1994
CRESOL, P- / (4-METHYLPHENOL)
CROTONALDEHYDE
CUNENE
CTMMZINE
CYANIDE
CYANOGEN
CYANOGEN BROMIDE
CVCLOATE
CVCLOMEXANOL
CYCLOHEXYLAHINE
CYCLOPENTADIENE
DACTHAL
DALAPON
ODD
DDE
DDT
DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER
DI-N-OCTYL PHTNALATE
DIALLATE
DIAZINON
D1BENZOFURAN
DIBENZO[A,H]ANTHRACENE
DIBROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE, 1,2
DIBROHOBENZENE, 1,4-
DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE
DIBROMOETHANE. 1,2-
DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
DICAMBA
DICHLORO-2-BUTENE, 1,4-
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2-
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1.3-
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,4-
DICHLOROBENZIDINE, 3,3'-
DICHLOROBUTENES
DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,1-
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,2-
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,1-
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2- (MIXED
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2-C-
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2-T-
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3-
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4-
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,5-
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,6-
DICHLOROPHENOL, 3,4-
OICMLOROPHENOL, 3,5-
000106-44-5
000123-73-9
000098-82-8
021725-46-2
000057-12-5
000460-19-5
000506-68-3
001134-23-2
000108-93-0
000108-91-8
000542-92-7
001861-32-1
000075-99-0
000072-54-8
000072-55-9
000050-29-3
001163-19-5
000117-84-0
002303-16-4
000333-41-5
000132-64-9
000053-70-3
000096-12-8
000106-37-6
000124-48-1
000106-93-4
000084-74-2
001918-00-9
000764-41-0
000095-50-1
000541-73-1
000106-46-7
000091-94-1
NO CASRN
000075-71-8
000075-34-3
000107-06-2
000075-35-4
ISONERS)
000540-59-0
000156-59-2
000156-60-5
000576-24-9
000120-83-2
000583-78-8
000087-65-0
000095-77-2
000591-35-5
DICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID, 2,4- 000094-75-7
DICHLOROPHENOXV) BUTYRIC ACID. 4-(2,4- /
(2,4-OB) 000094-82-6
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,1- 000078-99-9
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2- 000078-87-5
DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,3- 000142-28-9
DICHLOROPROPANE, 2,2- 000594-20-7
DICHLOROPROPENE, 1,3- / (TELONE II) 000542-75-6
DICHLORPROP 000120-36-5
DICYCLOPENTADIENE 000077-73-6
DIELDRIN 000060-57-1
DIETHYL-P-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHATE 000311-45-5
DIETHYL PHTHALATE 000084-66-2
DIETHYLANILIME, N,N- 000091-66-7
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 000112-34-5
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL NONOETHYL ETHER 000111-90-0
DIETHYLFORMAMIDE 000617-84-5
DIETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 001615-80-1
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL 000056-53-1
DIMETHOATE 000060-51-5
DIMETHOXYBENZIDINE, 3,3'- 000119-90-4
DIMETHYLANILINE, 2,4- 000095-68-1
DIMETHYLANILINE HYOROCHLORIDE, 2,4- 021436-96-4
DIMETHYLANILINE. N.N- 000121-69-7
DIMETHYLBENZIDINE, 3.31- 000119-93-7
DIMETHYLBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE, 7,12- 000057-97-6
DIMETHYLFORNAMIDE, N.N- 000068-12-2
DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1.1- 000057-14-7
DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE. 1.2- 000540-73-8
DIMETHYLPHENOL. 2,3- 000526-75-0
DINETHYLPHENOL, 2,4- 000105-67-9
DIMETHYLPHENOL. 2,5- 000095-87-4
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,6- 000576-26-1
DIMETHYLPHENOL. 3.4- 000095-65-8
DIMETHYLPHTHALATE 000131-11-3
DIMETHYLSULFATE 000077-78-1
DIMETHYLTEREPHTHALATE 000120-61-6
DIMETHYLUREA, N.N- 000598-94-7
DINITRO-0-CRESOL, 4,6- 000534-52-1
DINITRO-P-CRESOL, 2,6- 000609-93-8
DINITROBENZENE, 1,2- 000528-29-0
DINITROBENZENE, 1.3- 000099-65-0
DINITROBENZENE, 1,4- 000100-25-4
DINITROPHENOL, 2.3- 000066-56-8
DINITROPHENOL. 2.4- 000051-28-5
DINITROPHENOL, 2.5- 000329-71-5
DINITROPHENOL, 2,6- 000573-56-8
DINITROPHENOL, 3.5- 000586-11-8
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,3- 000602-01-7
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,4 000121-14-2
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,5- 000619-15-8
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,6- 000606-20-2
DINITROTOLUENE, 3,4- 000610-39-9
DINOSEB 000088-85-7
DIOXANE, 1,4- 000123-91-1
DIPHENYLAMINE, N.N- 000122-39-4
DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 000122-66-7
DIRECT BLACK 38 001937-37-7
DIRECT BLUE 6 002602-46-2
DIRECT BROUN 95 016071-86-6
DIRECT LIGHTFAST BLUE 004399-55-7
DIRECT SKY BLUE 66 002610-05-1
DISULFOTON 000298-04-4
ENDOSULFAN 000115-29-7
ENDOTHALL 000145-73-3
ENORIN 000072-20-8
EPICHLOROHYDRIN 000106-89-8
EPTC 000759-94-4
ETHOPROP 013194-48-4
ETHOXYETHANOL, 2- 000110-80-5
ETHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2- 000111-15-9
ETHOXYETHANOL ACRYLATE. 2- 000106-74-1
ETHOXYETHANOL DODECANOATE, 2- 000106-13-8
ETHOXYETHANOL PHOSPHATE, 2- 068554-00-7
ETHOXYETHYL METHACRYLATE, 2- 002370-63-0
ETHYL ACETATE 000141-78-6
ETHYL ACRYLATE 000140-88-5
ETHYL BENZENE 000100-41-4
ETHYL CHLORIDE 000075-00-3
ETHYL ETHER 000060-29-7
ETHYL METHACRYLATE 000097-63-2
ETHYL-0-XYLENE, 4- 000934-80-5
ETHYLANILINE, N- 000103-69-5
ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN 000109-78-4
ETHYLENE DIAMINE 000107-15-3
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 000107-21-1
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 000111-76-2
ETHYLENE OXIDE 000075-21-8
ETHYLENE THIOUKEA 000096-45-7
ETHYLTOLUENE, M- 000620-14-4
ETHYLTOLUENE, 0- 000611-14-3
ETHYLTOLUENE, P- 000622-96-8
FLUORANTHENE 000206-44-0
FLUORENE 000086-73-7
FLUORINE / (SOLUBLE FLUORIDE) 007782-41-4
FLURIDONE 059756-60-4
NAME/CASRN-2
-------
CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY NAME) continued
March 1994
FOLPET 000133-07-3
FORMALDEHYDE 000050-00-0
FORMALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN 000107-16-4
FORMIC ACID 000064-16-6
FURAN 000110-00-9
FURAZOLIDONE 000067-45-8
FURFURAL 000098-01-1
FURIUM 000531-82-8
GLYCIDALDEHYDE 000765-34-4
HEPTACHLOR 000076-44-8
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 001024-57-3
HEPTANE, N- 000142-82-5
HEXABROMOBENZENE 000087-82-1
HEXACHLOROBENZENE 000118-74-1
HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE 000087-68-3
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, ALPHA- 000319-84-6
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, BETA- 000319-85-7
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, DELTA- 000319-86-8
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, EPSI LOW- 006108-10-7
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, GAMMA- 000058-89-9
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE-TECHNICAL 000608-73-1
HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 000077-47-4
HEXACHLOROE THANE 000067-72-1
HEXACHLOROPHENE 000070-30-4
HEXAMETHYLENE DIAMINE 000124-09-4
HEXANE, N- 000110-54-3
HEXANONE, 2- 000591-78-6
HYDRAZINE 000302-01-2
HYDRAZINE SULFATE 010034-93-2
HYDROGEN SULFIDE 007783-06-4
HYDROQUINONE 000123-31-9
INDENO[1,2,3-CD]PYRENE 000193-39-5
IRON 007439-89-6
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL 000078-83-1
ISOPHORONE 000078-59-1
ISOPROPALIN 033820-53-0
LACTONITRILE 000078-97-7
LEAD 007439-92-1
LEAD ALKYLS NO CASRN
LIHURON 000330-55-2
MALATHION 000121-75-5
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 000108-31-6
MALEIC HYDRAZIDE 000123-33-1
MALONONITRILE 000109-77-3
MANCOZEB 008018-01-7
MANEB 012427-38-2
MANGANESE 007439-96-5
MEPHOSFOLAN 000950-10-7
MERCURY, ELEMENTAL VAPOR 007439-97-6
MERCURY, INORGANIC 007439-97-6
MERPHOS 000150-50-5
MERPHOS OXIDE 000078-48-8
METHACRYLONITRILE 000126-98-7
METHOMYL 016752-77-5
METHOXY-5-NITROANILINE, 2- 000099-59-2
METHOXYCHLOR 000072-43-5
METHOXYETHANOL, 2- 000109-86-4
METHOXYETHANOL ACETATE. 2- 000110-49-6
METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY) BUTYRIC ACID, 4-(2-
000094-81-5
METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY) PROP I ON 1C ACID, 2-(2-
000093-65-2
METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID, 2-
000094-74-6
000099-55-8
000079-20-9
000096-33-3
000079-22-1
000078-93-3
001338-23-4
000060-34-4
000108-10-1
000624-83-9
022967-92-6
000080-62-6
000298-00-0
025013-15-4
000098-83-9
000095-53-4
000636-21-5
000056-49-5
000108-87-2
METHYL-5-NITROANILINE, 2-
METHYL ACETATE
METHYL ACRYLATE
METHYL CHLOROCARBONATE
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE
METHYL HYDRAZINE
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
METHYL ISOCYANATE
METHYL MERCURY
METHYL METHACRYLATE
METHYL PARATHION
METHYL STYRENE (NIXED ISOMERS)
METHYL STYRENE, ALPHA
METHYLANILINE, 2-
METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE, 2-
METHYLCHOLANTHRACENE, 3-
METHYLCYCLOHEXANE
METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE), 4.4'-
000101-14-4
METHYLENE-BIS(N.N'-DIMETHYL)ANILINE. 4.4'-
000101-61-1
METHYLENE BROMIDE 000074-95-3
METHYLENE CHLORIDE / (DICHLOROMETHANE)
000075-09-2
METHYLENE-BIS(BENZENEAMINE), 4.4- /
(METHYLENE DIANILINE. 4,4-) 000101-77-9
METHYLENEDIPHENYL ISOCYANATE, 4.4- /
(DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE) 000101-68-8
METOLACHLOR 051218-45-2
METRIBUZIN 021087-64-9
MIREX 002385-85-5
MOLINATE 002212-67-1
MOLYBDENUM 007439-98-7
MONOCHLORAMINE 010599-90-3
NAPHTHALENE 000091-20-3
NAPHTHOOUINONc. 1,4- 000130-15-4
NIAGARA BLUE 4B 002429-74-5
NICKEL (METALLIC) 007440-02-0
NICKEL CYANIDE 000557-19-7
NICKEL REFINERY DUST NO CASRN
NICKEL SUBSULFIDE 012035-72-2
NICOTINONITRILE 000100-54-9
NITRIC OXIDE 010102-43-9
NITRITE 014797-65-0
NITROANILINE, 2- 000088-74-4
NITROANILINE, M- 000099-09-2
NITROANILINE, P- 000100-01-6
NITROBENZENE 000098-95-3
NITROFURANTOIN 000067-20-9
NITROFURAZONE 000059-87-0
NITROGEN DIOXIDE 010102-44-0
NITROGEN OXIDES NO CASRN
NITROMETHANE 000075-52-5
NITROPHENOLS NO CASRN
NITROPROPANE, 2- 000079-46-9
NITROSO-DI-N-BUTYLAMINE, N- 000924-16-3
NITROSO-D1-N-PROPYLAMINE, N- 000621-64-7
NITROSO-N-ETHYLUREA, N- 000759-73-9
NITROSO-N-METHYLUREA, N- 000684-93-5
NITROSOOIETHANOLAMINE. N- 001116-54-7
NITROSODIETHYLAMINE, N- 000055-18-5
NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE, N- 000062-75-9
NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE. P- 000156-10-5
NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE, N- 000086-30-6
NITROSOMETHYLETHYLAMINE, N- 010595-95-6
NITROSOMETHYLVINYLAMINE, N 004549-40-0
NITROSOPYRROLIDINE, N- 000930-55-2
NITROTOLUENE, M- 000099-08-1
NITROTOLUENE, 0- 000088-72-2
NITROTOLUENE, P- 000099-99-0
OCTABROMCDIPHtNYL ETHER 032536-52-0
OCTAMETHYLPYROPHOSPHORAMIDE 000152-16-9
OSMIUM TETROXIDE 020816-12-0
OZONE 010028-15-6
PARALDEHYDE 000123-63-7
PARATHION 000056-38-2
PARTICULATE MATTER NO CASRN
PEBULATE 001114-71-2
PENDIMETHALIN 040487-42-1
NAME/CASRN-3
-------
CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY NAME) Continued
March 1994
PENTABROMO-6-CHLOROCYCLOHEXANE. 1,2,3,4,5-
000087-84-3
PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER 032534-81-9
PENTACHLOROBENZENE 000608-93-5
PENTACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE 025329-35-5
PENTACHLORONITROBENZENE 000082-68-8
PENTACHLOROPHENOL 000087-86-5
PENTACHLOROPROPENE, 1,1,2,3,3,- 001600-37-9
PENTANE, N- 000109-66-0
PHENANTHRENE 000085-01-8
PHENOL 000108-95-2
PHENYLENEDIAMINE. M- 000108-45-2
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, 0- 000095-54-5
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, P- 000106-50-3
PHENYLMERCURIC ACETATE 000062-38-4
PHENYLPHENOL, 2- 000090-43-7
PHORATE 000298-02-2
PHOSGENE 000075-44-5
PHOSPHINE 007803-51-2
PHOSPHORUS, WHITE 007723-14-0
> PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS NO CASRN
L, PHTHALIC ACID, M- 000121-91-5
CO PHTHALIC ACID, 0- 000088-99-3
PHTHALIC ACID, P- 000100-21-0
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE 000085-44-9
POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS NO CASRN
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 001336-36-3
POTASSIUM CYANIDE 000151-50-8
POTASSIUM SILVER CYANIDE 000506-61-6
PROFLURALIN 026399-36-0
PRONAMIDE 023950-58-5
PROPACHLOR 001918-16-7
PROPAZINE 000139-40-2
PROPIONITRILE 000107-12-0
PROPYL ALCOHOL, N- 000071-23-8
PROPYLENE GLYCOL 000057-55-6
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 000107-98-2
PROPYLENE OXIDE 000075-56-9
PYRENE 000129-00-0
PYRIDINE 000110-86-1
QUINOLINE 000091-22-5
RDX / (CYCLONITE) 000121-82-4
RONNEL 000299-84-3
SELENIOUS ACID 007783-00-8
SELENIUM 007782-49-2
SELENIUM SULFIDE 007446-34-6
SELENOUREA 000630-10-4
SILVER 007440-22-4
SILVER CYANIDE
SIMAZINE
SODIUM CYANIDE
SODIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBANATE
SODIUM METAVANAOATE
STRONTIUM, STABLE
STRYCHNINE
STYRENE
SUCCINONITRILE
SULFUR DIOXIDE
SULFUR OXIDES
SULFUR1C ACID
TCDD, 2.3.7.8-
TEMEPHOS
TERBUFOS
TEREPHTHALIC ACID
TETRACHLOROAZOXY8ENZENE
TETRACHLOROBENZENE, 1.2.4.5-
TETRACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1,2-
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1.1.2.2-
TETRACHLOROETHVLENE
TETRACHLOROHYDRAZOBENZENE
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2.3,4,5-
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2.3,4,6-
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2.3.5,6-
TETRACHLOROPROPENE, 1,1,2,3-
TETRACHLOROTOLUENE, PARA, ALPHA, ALPHA, ALPHA
TETRACHLOROVINPHOS / (STIROPHOS)
TETRAETHYL DITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE
THALLIC OXIDE
THALLIUM (I) ACETATE
THALLIUM (I) CARBONATE
THALLIUM (I) CHLORIDE
THALLIUM (I) NITRATE
THALLIUM (I) SULFATE
THALLIUM (IN SOLUBLE SALTS)
THALLIUM SELENITE
THIOCYANOMETHYLTHIO)BENZOTHIAZOLE,
THIOFANOX
THIRAN
TIN AND COMPOUNDS
TOLUENE
TOLUENE-2.4-DIAMINE
TOLUEME-2.5-DIAMINE
TOLUENE-2,6-DIANINE
000506-64-9
000122-34-9
000143-33-9
000148-18-5
013718-26-8
007440-24-6
000057-24-9
000100-42-5
000110-61-2
007446-09-5
NO CASRN
007664-93-9
001746-01-6
003383-96-8
013071-79-9
000100-21-0
021232-47-3
000095-94-3
000695-77-2
000630-20-6
000079-34-5
000127-18-4
071753-42-9
004901-51-3
000058-90-2
000935-95-5
010436-39-2
HA, ALPHA-
005216-25-1
000961-11-5
003689-24-5
001314-32-5
000563-68-8
006533-73-9
007791-12-0
010102-45-1
007446-18-6
HO CASRN
012039-52-0
-<
021564-17-0
013196-18-4
000137-26-8
NO CASRN
000108-88-3
000095-80-7
000095-70-5
000823-40-5
TOLUENEDIAMINE, 2.3-
TOLUENEDIAMINE, 3,4-
TOLUIDINE, M-
TOLUIDINE, P-
TOXAPHENE
TRIALLATE
TRIBRONOBENZENE, 1,2.4-
TRICHLORO-1,2,2-TRIFLUOftOETHANE,
TR I CHLORO-2 ' - HYDROXYD I PHENYLETHER
TRICHLOROANIMNE, 2,4,6-
TRICHLOROANILIHE HYDROCHLORIDE, 2
TRICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4-
TR I CHLOROCYCLOPENT AD I ENE
TRICHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1-
TRICHLOROETHANE, 1,1.2-
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
TR I CHLOROFLUOROMETHANE
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2.3.4-
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,5-
TRICHLOROPHEilOL, 2.3,6-
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4,5-
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4,6-
TR1CHLOROPHENOL, 3,4,5-
TRICHLOROPHENOXY) PROP I ON 1C ACID,
TRICHLOROPHEMOXY ACETIC ACID, 2,4
TRICHLOROPRCPANE, .1.1-
TR1CHLOROPROPANE, .1,2-
TRICHLOROPROPAME, ,2.2-
TRICHLOROPROPANE, ,2.3-
TRICHLOROPROPENE, ,2,3-
TRICHLOROTOUJENE, 2.3.6-
TRICHLOROTOUJENE, ALPHA, 2, 6-
TRIFLURALIN
TRIMETHYL PHOSPHATE
TRIMETHYLBEMZENES
TRINITROBENZcNE. 1,3,5-
TRINITROPHENOLS
TR I N 1 TROPHENYLHETHYLN I TRAMI ME
TRINITROTOLUENE, 2,4,6-
URANIUH, SOLUBLE SALTS
VANADIUM
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
VANADIUM SULFATE
002687-25-4
000496-72-0
000108-44-1
000106-49-0
008001-35-2
002303-17-5
000615-54-3
1.1,2-
000076-13-1
, 2,2.4'-
003380-34-5
000634-93-5
.4.6-
033663-50-2
000120-82-1
077323-84-3
000071-55-6
000079-00-5
000079-01-6
000075-69-4
015950-66-0
000933-78-8
000933-75-5
000095-95-4
000088-06-2
000609-19-8
2(2.4.5-
000093-72-1
.5-
000093-76-5
007789-89-1
000598-77-6
003175-23-3
000096-18-4
000096-19-5
002077-46-5
002014-83-7
001582-09-8
000512-56-1
NO CASRN
000099-35-4
NO CASRN
000479-45-8
000118-96-7
NO CASRN
007440-62-2
001314-62-1
036907-42-3
NAME/CASRN-4
-------
CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY NAME) Continued March 1994
VERNAM / (VERNOLATE) 001929-77-7
VINYL-1-CYCLOHEXENE, 4- 000100-40-3
VINYL ACETATE 000108-05-4
VINYL CHLORIDE 000075-01-4
UARFARIN 000081-81-2
XYLENE, M- 000108-38-3
XYLENE, MIXTURE 001330-20-7
XYLENE, 0- 000095-47-6
XYLENE, P- 000106-42-3
ZINC (METALLIC) 007440-66-6
ZINC CYANIDE 000557-21-1
ZINC PHOSPHIDE 001314-84-7
ZINEB 012122-67-7
NAHE/CASRN-5
-------
CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY CAS REGISTRY NUMBER)
March 1994
Ol
000050-32-8 BENZO[A]PYRENE
000050-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
000050-29-3 DDT
000051-28-5 DIMITROPHENOL, 2,4-
000053-70-3 DIBENZO[A,H]ANTHRACENE
000055-18-5 NITROSODIETHYLANINE, N-
000056-53-1 DIETHYLSTILBESTROL
000056-38-2 PARATHI ON
000056-55-3 BENZO [A]ANTHRACENE
000056-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
000056-49-5 METHYLCHOLANTHRACENE, 3-
000057-74-9 CHLORDANE
000057-12-5 CYANIDE
000057-14-7 DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,1-
000057-55-6 PROPYLENE GLYCOL
000057-97-6 DIM£THYLBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE, 7,12-
000057-24-9 STRYCHNINE
000058-89-9 HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, GAMMA-
000058-90-2 TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3.4,6-
000059-87-0 NITROFURAZONE
000059-50-7 CHLORO-M-CRESOL, P-
000060-34-4 METHYL HYDRAZINE
000060-57-1 DIELORIN
000060-29-7 ETHYL ETHER
000060-51-5 DIMETHOATE
000062-38-4 PHENYLMERCURIC ACETATE
000062-53-3 ANILINE
000062-75-9 NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE, N-
000063-25-2 CARBARYL
000064-18-6 FORMIC ACID
000065-85-0 BENZOIC ACID
000066-56-8 DINITROPHENOL, 2,3-
000067-45-8 FURAZOLIDONE
000067-72-1 HEXACHLOROETHANE
000067-66-3 CHLOROFORM
000067-20-9 NITROFURANTOIN
000067-64-1 ACETONE
000068-12-2 DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE, N,N-
000070-30-4 HEXACHLOROPHENE
000071-23-8 PROPYL ALCOHOL, N-
000071-36-3 BUTANOL, 1-
000071-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE, 1.1,1-
000071-43-2 BENZENE
000072-20-8 ENDRIN
000072-55-9 DDE
000072-43-5 METHOXYCHLOR
000072-54-8 DDD
000074-83-9 BROMOMETHANE
000074-87-3 CHLOROMETHANE / (METHYL CHLORIDE)
000074-95-3 METHYLENE BROMIDE
000074-11-3 CHLOROBENZOIC ACID, P-
000075-35-4 DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,1-
000075-60-5 CACODYLIC ACID
000075-01-4 VINYL CHLORIDE
000075-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
000075-15-0 CARBON DISULFIDE
000075-86-5 ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN
000075-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE /
(DICHLOROMETHANE)
000075-27-4 BROMODICHLOROMETHANE
000075-00-3 ETHYL CHLORIDE
000075-69-4 TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE
000075-25-2 BROMOFORM
000075-87-6 CHLORAL
000075-71-8 DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE
000075-99-0 DALAPON
000075-05-8 ACETONITRILE
000075-29-6 CHLOROPROPANE, 2-
000075-44-5 PHOSGENE
000075-52-5 NITROMETHANE
000075-34-3 DICHLOROETHANE, 1,1-
000075-56-9 PROPYLENE OXIDE
000076-13-1 TRICHLORO-1,2,2-TRIFLUC«OETHANE,
1.1,2-
000076-44-8 HEPTACHLOR
000077-78-1 DIMETHYLSULFATE
000077-47-4 NEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
000077-73-6 DICYCLOPENTADIENE
000078-99-9 DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,1-
000078-87-5 DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2-
000078-86-4 CHLOROBUTANE, 2-
000078-48-8 MERPHOS OXIDE
000078-97-7 LACTONITRILE
000078-83-1 ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL
000078-93-3 METHYL ETHYL KETONE
000078-59-1 ISOPHORONE
000079-06-1 ACRYLAMIDE
000079-20-9 METHYL ACETATE
000079-34-5 TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1,1,2.2-
000079-46-9 NITROPROPANE, 2-
000079-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
000079-00-5 TRICHLOROETHANE, 1,1,2-
000079-11-8 CHLOROACETIC ACID
000079-10-7 ACRYLIC ACID
000079-22-1 METHYL CHLOROCARBONATE
000080-62-6 METHYL METHACRYLATE
000080-05-7 BISPHENOL A
000081-81-2 WARFARIN
000082-68-8 PENTACHLORONITROBENZENE
000083-32-9 ACENAPHTHENE
000084-66-2 DIETHYL PHTHALATE
000084-74-2 DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
000085-01-8 PHENANTHRENE
000085-68-7 BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE, N-
000085-44-9 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
000086-73-7 FLUORENE
000086-30-6 NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE, N-
000086-74-8 CARBAZOLE
000087-68-3 HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE
000087-84-3 PENTABROMO-6-CHLOROCYCLOHEXANE,
1.2,3,4,5-
000087-65-0 DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,6-
000087-86-5 PENTACHLOROPHENOL
000087-82-1 HEXABROMOBENZENE
000088-99-3 PHTHALIC ACID, 0-
000088-72-2 NITROTOLUENE, 0-
000088-06-2 TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4.6-
000088-74-4 NITROANILINE, 2-
000088-73-3 CHLORONITROBENZENE, 0-
000088-85-7 DINOSEB
000090-43-7 PHENYLPHENOL, 2-
000091-66-7 DIETHYLANILINE, N.N-
000091-94-1 OICHLOROBENZIDINE, 3.3'-
000091-22-5 QUINOLINE
000091-20-3 NAPHTHALENE
000092-52-4 BIPHENYL, 1,1'
000092-87-5 SENZIDINE
000093-76-5 TRICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID.
2,4.5-
000093-71-0 ALLIOOCHLOR
000093-72-1 TRICHLOROPHENOXY) PROPION1C ACID,
2(2,4,5-
000093-65-2 METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY) PROP ION1C
ACID, 2-(2-
000094-82-6 DICHLOROPHENOXY) BUTYRIC ACID, 4-
(2,4- / (2,4-DB)
000094-75-7 DICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID, 2.4-
000094-74-6 METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC
ACID, 2-
CASRN/NAME-1
-------
CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY CAS REGISTRY NUMBER) continued
March 1994
O)
000094-81-5 METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXY) BUTYRIC 000100-40-3
ACID, 4-(2- 000100-25-4
000095-53-4 NETHYLANILINE, 2- 000100-44-7
000095-51-2 CHLOROANILINE. 2- 000100-41-4
000095-70-5 TOLUENE-2.5-DIANINE 000100-54-9
000095-95-4 TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4,5- 000100-21-0
000095-50-1 DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2- 000100-01-6
000095-48-7 CRESOL, 0- / (2-METHYLPHENOL) 000101-55-3
000095-80-7 TOLUENE-2,4-DIANINE 000101-14-4
000095-69-2 CHLORO-2-METHYLANILINE, 4-
000095-87-4 DINCTHYLPHENOL, 2,5- 000101-68-8
000095-49-8 CHLOROTOLUENE, 0-
000095-47-6 XVLENE, 0- 000101-61-1
000095-94-3 TETRACHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4,5-
000095-57-8 CHLOROPHENOL, 2- 000103-33-3
000095-54-5 PHENYLENEDIAMINE, 0- 000103-69-5
000095-77-2 DICHLOROPHENOL, 3,4- 000105-60-2
000095-65-8 DIMETHYLPHENOL, 3,4- 000105-67-9
000095-68-1 DIMETHYLANILINE, 2.4- 000106-48-9
000095-55-6 ANIMOPHENOL, 0- 000106-37-6
000096-45-7 ETHYLENE THIOUREA 000106-93-4
000096-48-0 BUTYROLACTONE, GAMMA- 000106-47-8
000096-12-8 DIBROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE, 1,2 000106-43-4
000096-19-5 TRICHLOROPROPENE, 1,2,3- 000106-44-5
000096-33-3 METHYL ACRVLATE 000106-89-8
000096-18-4 TRICHIOROPROPANE, 1,2,3- 000106-46-7
000097-63-2 ETHYL METHACRYLATE 000106-99-0
000098-87-3 BENZAL CHLORIDE 000106-13-8
000098-01-1 FURFURAL 000106-42-3
000098-83-9 METHYL STYRENE, ALPHA 000106-50-3
000098-95-3 NITROBENZENE 000106-49-0
000098-82-8 CUNENE 000106-74-1
000098-86-2 ACETOPHENONE 000107-02-8
000098-56-6 CHLOROBENZOTRIFLUORIDE, 4- 000107-30-2
000098-07-7 BENZOTRICHLORIDE 000107-13-1
000099-55-8 NETHYL-5-NITROANILINE, 2- 000107-05-1
000099-59-2 NETHOXY-5-NITROANILINE, 2- 000107-06-2
000099-35-4 TRINITROBENZENE, 1,3,5- 000107-18-6
000099-65-0 DINITROBENZENE, 1,3- 000107-21-1
000099-08-1 NITROTOLUENE, N- 000107-15-3
000099-99-0 NITROTOLUENE, P- 000107-12-0
000099-09-2 NITROANILINE, M- 000107-98-2
000100-52-7 BENZALDEHYDE 000107-16-4
000100-51-6 BENZYL ALCOHOL 000107-20-0
000100-42-5 STYRENE 000108-10-1
000100-00-5 CHLORONITROBENZENE, P- 000108-38-3
000100-21-0 TEREPHTHALIC ACID 000108-87-2
VINYL-1-CYCLOHEXENE, 4- 000108-95-2
DINITROBENZENE, 1,4- 000108-88-3
BENZYL CHLORIDE 000108-98-5
ETHYL BENZENE 000108-42-9
NICOTINONITRILE 000108-93-0
PHTHALIC ACID, P- 000108-45-2
NITROANILINE, P- 000108-91-8
BRONOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER, 4- 000108-39-4
METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE), 000108-41-8
4,4'- 000108-05-4
METHYLENEDIPHENYL ISOCYANATE, 4,4- 000108-31-6
/ (DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE) 000108-44-1
METHYLENE-BIS(N,N'-DIMETHYL)ANILIN 000108-43-0
E, 4,4'- 000108-90-7
AZOBENZENE 000109-86-4
ETHYLANILINE. N- 000109-69-3
CAPROLACTAM 000109-78-4
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,4- 000109-66-0
CHLOROPHENOL, 4- 000109-77-3
DIBROMOBENZENE, 1,4- 000110-54-3
DIBROMOETHANE, 1,2- 000110-86-1
CHLOROANILINE, 4- 000110-61-2
CHLOROTOLUENE, P- 000110-49-6
CRESOL, P- / (4-METHYLPHENOL) 000110-80-5
EPICHLOROHYDRIN 000110-00-9
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1.4- 000111-15-9
BUTADIENE, 1,3- 000111-90-0
ETHOXYETHANOL DOOECANOATE, 2- 000111-76-2
XYLENE, P- 000111-44-4
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, P- 000111-69-3
TOLUIDINE, P- 000112-34-5
ETHOXYETHANOL ACRYLATE, 2- 000115-29-7
ACROLEIN 000116-06-3
CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER 000117-84-0
ACRYLONITRILE 000117-81-7
ALLYL CHLORIDE
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,2- 000118-75-2
ALLYL ALCOHOL 000118-96-7
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 000118-74-1
ETHYLENE DIAMINE 000119-90-4
PROPIONITRILE 000119-93-7
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 000120-12-7
FORMALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN 000120-36-5
CHLOROACETALDEHYDE 000120-83-2
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 000120-82-1
XYLENE, M- 000120-61-6
METHYLCYCLOHEXANE 000121-75-5
PHENOL
TOLUENE
BENZENETHIOL / (THIOPHENOL)
CKLOROANILINE, 3-
CYCLOHEXANOL
PHENYLENEDIAMINE, N-
CYCLOHEXYLAMINE
CRESOL, M- / (3-METHYLPHENOL)
CHLOROTOLUENE, M-
VINYL ACETATE
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE
TOLUIDINE, M-
:HLOROPHENOL. 3-
CHLOROBENZENE
METHOXYETHANOL. 2-
CHLOROBUTANE, 1-
ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN
PENTANE, N-
MALONONITRILE
HEXANE, N-
PYRIDINE
SUCCINONITRILE
METHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2-
ETHOXYETHANOL, 2-
FURAN
ETHOXYETHANOL ACETATE, 2-
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER
BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL) ETHER
ADIPONITRILE
CIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER
ENDOSULFAN
ALDICARB
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE /
(DEHP)
CHLORANIL
TRINITROTOLUENE. 2,4,6-
HEXACHLOROBENZENE
DIMETHOXYBENZIDINE, 3,3'-
DIMETHYLBENZIDINE, 3,3'-
AMTHRACENE
DICHLORPROP
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4-
TIMCHLOROBENZENE, 1,2,4-
DIMETHYLTEREPHTHALATE
MALATHION
CASRN/NAME-2
-------
CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY CAS REGISTRY NUMBER) Continued
March 1994
000121-69-7 DIMETHYLAMILINE, N,N- 000218-01-9
000121-82-4 RDX / (CYCLONITE) 000298-02-2
000121-73-3 CHLORONITROBENZENE, M- 000298-04-4
000121-91-5 PHTHAL1C ACID. M- 000298-00-0
000121-14-2 DINITROTOLUENE, 2,4 000299-84-3
000122-34-9 SIMAZIME 000302-01-2
000122-39-4 DIPHENYLAMINE, N.N- 000304-61-0
000122-66-7 OIPHENYLHYDRAZINE, 1.2- 000309-00-2
000123-30-8 AMINOPHENOL, P- 000311-45-5
000123-73-9 CROTOMALOEHYDE 000319-84-6
000123-31-9 HYDROQUINONE 000319-85-7
000123-33-1 MALE1C HYDRAZIDE 000319-86-8
000123-91-1 DIOXANE, 1.4- 000329-71-5
000123-63-7 PARALDEHYDE 000330-55-2
000124-48-1 DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE 000333-41-5
000124-09-4 HEXANETHYLENE DIAMINE 000460-19-5
000126-99-8 CHLORO-1.3-BUTAOIENE, 2- / 000479-45-8
(CHLOROPRENE) 000496-72-0
000126-98-7 METHACRYLONITRILE 000504-24-5
000127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE 000506-68-3
000129-00-0 PYREME 000506-64-9
000130-15-4 NAPNTHOQUINONE. 1.4- 000506-61-6
000131-11-3 DIMCTHYLPHTMALATE 000506-77-4
000132-64-9 DIBENZOFURAN 000507-20-0
000133-06-2 CAPTAM 000510-15-6
000133-07-3 FOLPET 000512-56-1
000137-26-8 THIRAM 000526-75-0
000139-40-2 PROPAZINE 000528-29-0
000140-57-8 ARAMITE 000531-82-8
000140-88-5 ETHYL ACRYLATE 000532-28-5
000141-78-6 ETHYL ACETATE 000534-52-1
000142-82-5 HEPTANE, M- 000540-73-8
000142-28-9 DICHLOROPROPANE, 1,3- 000540-59-0
000143-33-9 SODIUM CYANIDE
000145-73-3 ENDOTHALL 000541-73-1
000148-18-5 SODIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAHATE 000542-92-7
000150-50-5 MERPHOS 000542-62-1
000151-50-8 POTASSIUM CYANIDE 000542-88-1
000152-16-9 OCTAMETHYLPYROPHOSPHORAMIDE 000542-75-6
000156-59-2 DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2-C-
000156-10-5 NITROSOOIPHENYLAMINE, P- 000544-92-3
000156-60-5 DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2-T- 000557-19-7
000193-39-5 INDENOt1,2,3-CD]PYRENE 000557-21-1
000205-99-2 BENZOCB1FLUORANTHENE 000563-68-8
000206-44-0 FLUORANTHENE 000573-56-8
000207-08-9 BENZOKJ FLUORANTHENE 000576-24-9
000208-96-8 ACENAPTHYLENE 000576-26-1
CHRYSENE 000583-78-8
PHORATE 000586-11-8
DISULFOTON 000591-27-5
METHYL PARATHION 000591-35-5
RONNEL 000591-78-6
HYDRAZINE 000592-01-8
ANTIMONY POTASSIUM TARTRATE 000593-60-2
ALDRIN 000594-20-7
DIETHYL-P-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHATE 000598-94-7
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE. ALPHA- 000598-31-2
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, BETA- 000598-77-6
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, DELTA- 000602-01-7
DINITROPHENOL. 2,5- 000606-20-2
LIHURON 000608-93-5
DIAZINON 000608-73-1
CYANOGEN 000609-19-8
TRINITROPHENYLMETHYLNITRAMINE 000609-93-8
TOLUENEDIAM1NE, 3.4- 000610-39-9
AMINOPYRIDINE, 4- 000611-14-3
CYANOGEN BROMIDE 000615-54-3
SILVER CYANIDE 000617-84-5
POTASSIUM SILVER CYANIDE 000619-15-8
CHLORINE CYANIDE 000620-14-4
BUTYLCHLORIDE, T- 000621-64-7
CHLOROBENZILATE 000622-96-8
TRIMETHYL PHOSPHATE 000624-83-9
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,3- 000630-05-0
DINITROBENZENE, 1,2- 000630-10-4
FURIUM 000630-20-6
BENZALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN 000634-93-5
DINITRO-0-CRESOL, 4,6- 000636-21-5
DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 000684-93-5
DICHLOROETHYLENE, 1,2- (MIXED 000695-77-2
ISOMERS) 000759-73-9
DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,3- 000759-94-4
CYCLOPENTADIENE 000764-41-0
BARIUM CYANIDE 000765-34-4
BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER 000823-40-5
DICHLOROPROPENE, 1,3- / (TELONE 000834-12-8
II) 000924-16-3
COPPER CYANIDE 000930-55-2
NICKEL CYANIDE 000933-78-8
ZINC CYANIDE 000933-75-5
THALLIUM (I) ACETATE 000934-80-5
DINITROPHENOL, 2,6- 000935-95-5
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3- 000950-10-7
DIMETHYLPHENOL, 2,6- 000961-11-5
DICHLOROPHENOL, 2,5-
DINITROPHENOL, 3,5-
AMINOPHENOL, M-
DICHLOROPHENOL, 3,5-
HEXANONE, 2-
CALCIUN CYANIDE
BROMOETHENE / (VINYL BROMIDE)
DICHLOROPROPANE, 2,2-
DIMETHYLUREA, N,N-
B4GMOACETONE
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,1,2-
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,3-
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,6-
PENTACHLOROBENZENE
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE-TECHNICAL
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 3,4,5-
D!NITRO-P-CRESOL. 2,6-
DINITROTOLUENE, 3,4-
ETHYLTOLUENE, 0-
TRIBRONOBENZENE, 1,2.4-
DIETHYLFORMAMIDE
DINITROTOLUENE, 2,5-
ETHYLTOLUENE, M-
NITROSO-DI-N-PROPYLAMINE, N-
ETHYLTOLUENE, P-
NETHYL ISOCYANATE
CARBON MONOXIDE
KLENOUREA
TETRACHLOROETHANE, 1.1,1,2-
TSICHLOROANILINE, 2,4.6-
METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE, 2-
KITROSO-N-METHYLUREA, N-
TETRACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
NITROSO-N-ETHYLUREA, N-
EPTC
OICHLORO-2-BUTENE, 1,4-
GLVCIDALDEHYDE
TOLUENE-2,6-DIAMINE
AHETRYN
NITROSO-DI-N-BUTYLAMINE, N-
NITROSOPYRROLIDINE, N-
TRICHLOROPKENOL, 2,3,5-
TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,3.6-
ETHYL-0-XYLENE, 4-
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,5,6-
MEPHOSFOLAN
TETRACHLOROVINPHOS / (STIROPHOS)
CASRN/NAME-3
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CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY CAS REGISTRY NUMBER) continued
March 1994
001024-57-3 HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 002921-88-2
001114-71-2 PEBULATE 003165-93-3
001116-54-7 NITROSOOIETHANOLAMINE, N-
001134-23-2 CYCLOATE 003175-23-3
001163-19-5 DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER 003380-34-5
001198-27-2 AMINO-2-NAPHTOL HYDROCHLORIDE, 1-
001309-64-4 ANTIMONY TRIOXIOE 003383-96-8
001314-84-7 ZINC PHOSPHIDE 003689-24-5
001314-62-1 VANADIUM PENTOXIDE 004399-55-7
001314-60-9 ANTIMONY PENTOXIDE 004549-40-0
001314-32-5 THALLIC OXIDE 004901-51-3
001330-20-7 XYLENE, MIXTURE 005216-25-1
001332-81-6 ANTIMONY TETROXIDE
001332-21-4 ASBESTOS 005598-13-0
001336-36-3 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 006108-10-7
001338-23-4 METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE 006533-73-9
001563-66-2 CARBOFURAN 007429-90-5
001582-09-8 TRIFLURALIN 007439-97-6
001600-37-9 PENTACHLOROPROPENE, 1,1,2,3,3,- 007439-98-7
001615-80-1 DIETHYLHYDRAZINE, 1,2- 007439-89-6
> 001689-84-5 BROMOXYNIL 007439-92-1
It. 001689-99-2 BROMOXYNIL OCTANOATE 007439-97-6
CO 001746-01-6 TCDO, 2,3,7,8- 007439-96-5
001861-40-1 BENEFIN 007440-39-3
001861-32-1 DACTHAL 007440-38-2
001897-45-6 CHLOROTHALONIL 007440-43-9
001912-24-9 ATRAZINE 007440-66-6
001918-00-9 DICAMBA 007440-50-8
001918-16-7 PROPACHLOR 007440-42-8
001929-77-7 VERNAM / (VERNOLATE) 007440-22-4
001937-37-7 DIRECT BLACK 38 007440-41-7
002008-41-5 BUTYLATE 007440-62-2
002014-83-7 TRICHLOROTOLUENE, ALPHA,2.6- 007440-02-0
002077-46-5 TRICHLOROTOLUENE, 2,3,6- 007440-36-0
002104-96-3 BROMOPHOS 007440-24-6
002212-67-1 NOLINATE 007446-34-6
002303-16-4 DIALLATE 007446-09-5
002303-17-5 TRIALLATE 007446-18-6
002370-63-0 ETHOXYETHYL METHACRYLATE, 2- 007637-07-2
002385-85-5 NIREX 007664-41-7
002425-06-1 CAPTAFOL 007664-93-9
002429-74-5 NIAGARA BLUE 4B 007723-14-0
002491-38-5 BUSAN 90 007782-41-4
002602-46-2 DIRECT BLUE 6 007782-49-2
002610-05-1 DIRECT SKY BLUE 6B 007783-00-8
002687-25-4 TOLUENEDIAMINE, 2,3- 007783-06-4
002834-92-6 AMINO-2-NAPHTHOL, 1- 007789-89-1
CHLORPYRIFOS
CHLORO-2-METHYLANILINE
HYDROCHLORIDE, 4-
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,2,2-
TRICHLORO-2'-HYDROXYDIPHENYLETHER,
2,2,4'-
TEMEPHOS
TETRAETHYL DITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE
DIRECT LIGHTFAST BLUE
NITROSOMETHYLVINYLANINE, N
TETRACHLOROPHENOL, 2,3,4,5-
TETRACHLOROTOLUENE, PARA, ALPHA,
ALPHA, ALPHA-
CHLORPYRIFOS METHYL
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, EPSILON-
THALLIUM (I) CARBONATE
ALUMINUM
MERCURY, INORGANIC
MOLYBDENUM
IRON
LEAD
MERCURY, ELEMENTAL VAPOR
MANGANESE
BARIUM
ARSENIC, INORGANIC
CADMIUM
ZINC (METALLIC)
COPPER
BORON. ELEMENTAL
SILVER
BERYLLIUM
VANADIUM
NICKEL (METALLIC)
ANTIMONY, METALLIC
STRONTIUM, STABLE
SELENIUM SULFIDE
SULFUR DIOXIDE
THALLIUM (I) SULFATE
BORON TRIFLUORIDE
AMMONIA
SULFUR 1C ACID
PHOSPHORUS, WHITE
FLUORINE / (SOLUBLE FLUORIDE)
SELENIUM
SELENIOUS ACID
HYDROGEN SULFIDE
TRICHLOROPROPANE, 1,1,1-
007791-12-0 THALLIUM (I) CHLORIDE
007803-51-2 PHOSPHINE
008001-35-2 TOXAPHENE
008001-58-9 CREOSOTE, COAL TAR
008007-45-2 COKE OVEN EMISSIONS
008018-01-7 MANCOZEB
010028-15-6 OZONE
010034-93-2 NYDRAZINE SULFATE
000101-77-9 METHYLENE-BIS(BENZENEAMINE), 4.4-
/ (METHYLENE DIANILINE, 4,4-)
010102-43-9 NITRIC OXIDE
010102-44-0 NITROGEN DIOXIDE
010102-45-1 THALLIUM (I) NITRATE
010436-39-2 TETRACHLOROPROPENE, 1.1,2.3-
010595-95-6 NITROSOMETHYLETHYLAMINE, N-
010599-90-3 MONOCNLORAMINE
012035-72-2 NICKEL SUBSULFIDE
012039-52-0 THALLIUM SELENITE
012122-67-7 ZINEB
012427-38-2 NANEB
012672-29-6 AROCHLOR 1248
013071-79-9 TERBUFOS
013194-48-4 ETHOPROP
013196-18-4 TH10FANOX
013718-26-8 SODIUM METAVANADATE
014797-65-0 NITRITE
015950-66-0 TRICHLOROPHENOL. 2,3.4-
015972-60-8 ALACHLOR
016065-83-1 CHROMIUM(III)
016071-86-6 DIRECT BROUN 95
016752-77-5 METHOMYL
018540-29-9 CHROMIUM(VI)
020816-12-0 OSMIUM TETROXIDE
020859-73-8 ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE
021087-64-9 METRIBUZIN
021232-47-3 TETRACHLOROAZOXYBENZENE
021436-96-4 DIMETHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE,
2.4-
021564-17-0 THIOCYANOMETHYLTHIO)BENZOTHIAZOLE,
021725-46-2 CYANAZINE
022967-92-6 METHYL MERCURY
023950-58-5 PRONAM1DE
025013-15-4 METHYL STYRENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
025329-35-5 PENTACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
026399-36-0 PROFLURALIN
030560-19-1 ACEPHATE
CASRN/NAME-4
-------
CHEMICAL NAME AND CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE REGISTRY NUMBER CROSS REFERENCE
(LISTED BY CAS REGISTRY NUMBER) continued
March 1994
-------
APPENDIX A-IV
IV. EFFECT LEVEL DEFINITIONS
Adverse effect. A biochemical change, functional impairment, or
pathologic lesion that either singly or in combination adversely
affects the performance of the whole organism, or reduces an
organism's ability to respond to an additional environmental
challenge.
Frank-effect-level (FED. The exposure level at which there are
statistically or biologically significant increases in frequency
or severity of severe effects between the exposed population and
its appropriate control group. These severe effects produce an
unmistakable adverse health effect (such as severe convulsions or
death).
Lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL). The lowest
exposure level at which there are statistically or biologically
significant increases in frequency or severity of adverse effects
between the exposed population and its appropriate control group.
Lowest-observed-effect level (LOEL). The lowest exposure level
at which there are statistically or biologically significant
increases in frequency or severity of any effects between the
exposed population and its appropriate control group. The
effects that a;re seen at this level may or may not be considered
as adverse.
No-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL). An exposure level at
which there are no statistically or biologically significant
increases in the frequency or severity of adverse effects between
the exposed population and its appropriate control; some effects
may be produced at this level, but they are not considered to be
adverse.
No-observed-effect level (NOEL). An exposure level at which
there are no statistically or biologically significant increases
in the frequency or severity of any effect between the exposed
population and its appropriate control.
Adapted from: U.S. EPA. 1991. Integrated Risk Information
System (IRIS). Online. Office of Health and Environmental
Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office,
Cincinnati, OH.
A-21
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A-22
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APPENDIX A-V
V. NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS)
The Clean Air Act requires that National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) be set and ultimately met for any air pollutant which, if present in air, may
reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare and whose presence
in the air results from numerous or diverse mobile and/or stationary sources. Since
the primary NAAQS and the inhalation RfC serve essentially the same function, and
the primary NAAQS have extensive data bases rigorously reviewed, the primary
NAAQS with annual averaging times should be used in lieu of an inhalation RfC,
except for lead. In deriving a risk assessment number for lead (Pb), the Integrated
Exposure Uptake Biokinetics (IEUBK) model should be used instead of the RfC.
Primary standards are designed to protect public health and secondary standards are
designed to protect public welfare. Each primary NAAQS has either one or two
averaging times depending on the health effects of the chemical. To date, six
NAAQS have been established: Carbon Monoxide (CO), Lead (Pb), Nitrogen Dioxide
(N02), Particulate Matter, less than 10 pm in size, (PM10), Ozone (O3) and Sulfur
Dioxide (SO2). A table of the most recent NAAQS is provided as Table A-V-1.
The process of establishing and revising the NAAQS is detailed by Padgett
and Richmond (Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association, 33:13-16, 1983). The
primary NAAQS are solely health based and designed to protect the most sensitive
group of individuals (but not necessarily the most sensitive members of that group)
against adverse health effects. Thus, by definition, the NAAQS primary standards
define allowable pollutant concentrations which can be present in the atmosphere
without causing adverse effects, and essentially serve the same function as an
inhalation RfC in a risk assessment/risk management decision, except for lead. The
data bases supporting each of the NAAQS are extensive. More importantly, the
NAAQS are set by the USEPA Administrator as mandated by Congress after
numerous reviews and a public comment process
A-23
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TABLE A-V-1
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS3
(as of December 2, 1991)
Pollutant
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Lead (Pb)
(and Lead compounds
Nitrogen dioxide (N02)
(Nitrogen oxide)
(Nitric oxide)
Particulate Matter
(PM10)
Ozone (03)
Sulfur dioxide (S02)
(Sulfur oxide)
Primary Standards'3
9 ppm (10 mg/m3)
35 ppm (40 mg/m3)
1,5//g/m3
0.053 ppm
(100//g/m3)
50 //g/m3
150//g/m3
0.12 ppm
(235 //g/m3)
0.03 ppm
(80 //g/m3)
0.14 ppm
(365 //g/m3)
—
Averaging
Time
8 hour0
1 hourc
Quarterly
Annual
Annual6
24 hours6
1 hourf
Annual
24 hoursc
3 hours0
Secondary
Standards6
None
Same as primary
Same as primary
Same as primary
Same as primary
—
—
0.5 ppm
(1300 //g/m3)
aSource: U.S. EPA 1991. Subchapter C - Air Programs. Part 50 -National Primary and
Secondary Ambient Air Quality Standards. Code of Federal Regulations 50: 693-697.
Revised 7/1/91.
bPrimary standards are designed to protect public health; Secondary standards are designed to
protect public welfare.
°Not to be exceeded more than once per year.
dThe standard is attained when the expected annual arithmetic mean concentration is less than
or equal to 50 //g/m3.
eThe standard is attained when the expected number of days per calendar year with a 24-hour
average concentration above 150 //g/m3 is equal to or less than 1.
the standard is attained when the expected number of days per calendar year with maximum
hourly average concentrations above 0.12 ppm is equal to or less than 1
A-24
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