United States Office of Solid Waste and OSWER 9200.3-19
Environmental Protection Emergency Response PB95-963238
Agency Washington, DC 20460 EPA540/R-95/057
May 1995
v>EPA waste Programs
Environmental Justice
Accomplishments Report
Chicago,
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Table of Contents
About This Report v
Acronym List vii
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Cross-Cutting Issues 1
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act 3
\^ Health, Cumulative Risk, Synergistic Effects, and Multiple Pathways 9
H) Geographic Information System (GIS) 17
^ Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships 27
\l Economic Redevelopment 43
fy-) Contracts, Grants, and Labor 59
Federal Interagency Cooperation 71
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About This Report
About This Report
On April 25, 1994, the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) issued the "OSWER
Environmental Justice Task Force Draft Final Report." As a result of this report, a major effort was under-
taken in EPA's waste programs to address environmental justice concerns. In June 1994, EPA's waste
programs developed detailed plans to implement the recommendations of the Task Force Draft Report.
Simultaneously, OSWER solicited comments from stakeholders on the Task Force Draft Report, and Head-
quarters and the Regions began implementing the activities described in the plans. As comments on the
Task Force Draft Report were received, OSWER worked to address them in a final report, the "OSWER
Environmental Justice Action Agenda," which is also being released today.
This "Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report," is the first report on the progress
made by the waste programs in the implementation of the environmental justice initiatives. Much of the
progress described in this report has come about through the building of partnerships with other govern-
ment entities and with community groups.
Specifically, this report provides a brief description of each initiative and ongoing activities, dates for
completed milestones to summarize progress, and a contact for each initiative. Initiatives where more
progress has been achieved are given special focus. The report is divided into two sections:
• Section I, Cross-Cutting Issues, presents initiatives in areas that have implications for all waste pro-
grams; and
• Section II, Program-Specific Issues, presents initiatives that focus on a particular waste program.
Both sections are organized by the major topic areas identified in the Task Force Draft Report and the
action items recommended under each major topic area. Because of EPA's integrated and comprehensive
approach to addressing environmental justice concerns, there is some overlap of activities between the two
sections. For example, initiatives to provide technical assistance under the Native American/Tribal Issues
are also found under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) program subsection.
The companion to this report, the executive summary, highlights the major accomplishments achieved in
addressing environmental Justice concerns.
X A '
addressing environmental justice concerns.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— v
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Acronym List
Acronym List
AA Assistant Administrator
ADEQ Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
ARCS Alternative Remedial Contracting Strategy
ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
AVCP Association of Village Council Presidents
BIA Bureau of Indian Affairs
BRAC Base Realignment and Closure
CA Cooperative Agreement
CAG Community Advisory Group
CAMEO Computer Aided Management of Emergency Operations
CDC Centers for Disease Control
CDPHE Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
CEPPO Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
CERCLIS CERCLA Information System
CRC Community Relations Coordinator
CRP Community Relations Plan
DERTF Defense Environmental Response Task Force
DHA Dallas Housing Authority
DHH Denver Department of Health and Hospitals
DOD Department of Defense
DOE Department of Energy
DOI Department of the Interior
DOJ Department of Justice
DOL Department of Labor
DSS Decision Support System
EB Environmental Benefits
BBS Environmental Baseline Survey
EEI Environmental Enterprises Incorporated
ECAO Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office
EMSL-LV Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory in Las Vegas
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ERCS Emergency Response Cleanup Services
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — vii
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Acronym List
ERRS
ESS
ECEZ
EQB
EZ/EC
FACA
FAR
FFERDC
FFW
FOSL
FRP
FTE
FUSRAP
GIN
CIS
GPS
HHS
HLA
HMTRI
HRS
HSRC-S&SW
HUD
HWD
IAG
ICO
IMS
ITEC
LEPC
LERC
LUST
MAP
MDNR
MHD
MOU
Emergency and Rapid Response Services
Enforcement Support Services
Enterprise Community Empowerment Zone
Enviornmental Quality Board
Empowerment Zones and Enterprise Communities
Federal Advisory Committee Act
Federal Acquisition Regulations
Federal Facilities Environmental Restoration Dialogue Committee
Federal Field Workgroup
Finding of Suitability to Lease
Facility Review Plan
Full-Time Equivalent
Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program
Grants Integration Network
Geographic Information System
Geographic Positioning System
Department of Health and Human Services
Hawaii Lai'ieikawai Association
Hazardous Materials Training and Research Institute
Hazard Ranking System
Hazardous Substance Research Center - South & Southwest
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Hazardous Waste Division
Interagency Agreement
Interfaith Community Organization
Indian Health Services
Inter-Tribal Environmental Council
Local Emergency Planning Committee
Local Emergency Response Cites
Leaking Underground Storage Tank
Medical Assistance Plan
Missouri Department of National Resources
Massachusetts Highway Department
Memorandum of Understanding
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Acronym List
MSWLF Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
NAV Native Alaskan Village
NCAPS National Corrective Action Prioritization System
NEJAC National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
NFRAP No Further Remedial Action Planned
NHSRC Northeast Hazardous Substance Research Center
NIEHS National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
NJDEP New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
NMED New Mexico Environment Department
NOV Notice of Violation
NPL National Priorities List
NRC National Recycling Congress
NYCDEP New York City Department of Environmental Protection
OCR Office of Civil Rights
OEJ Office of Environmental Justice
OERR Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
OGC Office of General Counsel
OMB Office of Management and Budget
OPA Oil Pollution Act
OPM Office of Policy and Management
ORC Office of Regional Counsel
ORCRA Office of RCRA
ORD Office of Research and Development
OSC On-Scene Coordinator
OSDBU Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization
OSW Office of Solid Waste
OSWER Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
OUST Office of Underground Storage Tanks
PA Preliminary Assessment
PADER Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl
PHS Public Health Service
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — ix
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Acronym List
PEB Performance Evaluation Board
POEP Pueblo Office of Environmental Protection
RAB Restoration Advisory Board
RAC Remedial Action Contract
RASC Rural Alaska Sanitation Coalition
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RCRIS RCRA Information System
RDT Regional Decision Team
REPA RCRA Enforcement Permitting Assistance
RFA Request for Applications
RFEF RCRA Facility Evaluation Form
RIP RCRA Implementation Plan
RMA Rocky Mountain Arsenal
ROC Regional Oversight Contract
RPIM RCRA Public Involvement Manual
RPM Remedial Project Manager
SACM Superfund Accelerated Cleanup Model
SAT Site Assessment Team
SBA Small Business Administration
SBDC Small Business Development Center
SBIC Small Business Investment Company
SEDESOL Mexican Equivalent of U.S. EPA
SEE Senior Environmental Employee
SEP Supplemental Environmental Projects
SERC State Emergency Response Commission
SI Site Investigation
SOW Scope of Work
SPA State Program Approval
SPC Science Policy Council
SPCC Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure
SRPB/BBS State and Regional Programs Branch Bulletin Board System
SSAB Site-Specific Advisory Board
START Superfund Technical and Response Team
SWS Solid Waste Section
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Acronym List
TAG Technical Assistance Grant
TCE Trichloroethylene
TEP Technical Evaluation Plan
TERC Tribal Emergency Planning Committee
TIO Technology Innovation Office
TOSC Technical Outreach Support Centers
TRC Technical Review Committee
TSD Treatment, Storage, and Disposal
USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
UST Underground Storage Tank
VISTA Volunteers in Service to America
WMD Waste Management Division
WTI Waste Technologies Industries
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — xi
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Waste Programs
Environmental Justice
MMMMMHMM^MM^MM
Cross-Cutting Issues
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 3
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Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
Topic Area: Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
Develop a strategy to respond effectively to environmental justice complaints 7
Office of Solid Waste 7
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 5
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Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
Topic Area: Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
Action Item
Develop a strategy to respond effectively to environmental justice complaints.
Office of Solid Waste
The Office of Solid Waste (OSW) is working with the Office of General Counsel (OGC)
and the Office of Civil Rights (OCR) to produce a guidance document for the EPA
Regions to use in addressing Title VI environmental justice issues related to the Re-
source Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) program. OCR has primary respon-
sibility for EPA's implementation of Title VI, including the investigation of complaints
that are submitted. The guidance document will describe the Title VI requirements,
outline available options within RCRA statutory authority to prevent and respond to
environmental justice concerns in permitting decisions, describe the response that
Regions should take in response to a Title VI complaint, and discuss Headquarters and
Regional responses to the loss of a Title VI complaint. Monthly meetings are currently
taking place to develop the contents of the guidance document.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Held a kick-off meeting with OGC, OSW, and OCR.
Contact
Hugh Davis, (202) 260-0163
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 7
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Health, Cumulative Risk,
Synergistic Effects,
and Multiple Pathways
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 9
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Health, Cumulative Risk, Synergistic Effects, and Multiple Pathways
Health, Cumulative Risk, Synergistic Effects, and Multiple Pathways
Support Agency-wide efforts to develop scientifically valid standards
for measuring cumulative risk 13
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response ; 13
Region 3 13
Region? 14
Region 9 14
Region 10 15
Evaluate health effects in communities with potential exposure to hazardous substances 15
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 15
Region! 16
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 11
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Health, Cumulative Risk, Synergistic Effects, and Multiple Pathways
Topic Area: Health, Cumulative Risk,
Synergistic Effects, and Multiple
Pathways
Action Item
Support Agency-wide efforts to develop scientifically valid standards for mea-
suring cumulative risk.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
The Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) continues to partici-
pate in the Science Policy Council's (SPC) effort to improve and expand EPA's risk
assessments by addressing multiple sources and pathways, Synergistic effects, cumu-
lative exposure, and environmental justice. The SPC Subgroup on Multipathway-
Multisource Human Exposure has outlined the tasks, with proposed time frames, nec-
essary to move toward achieving this goal. OSWER is also working with the Office of
Research and Development (ORD) in studies to evaluate cumulative risk by relating
human exposure to chemical mixtures to epidemiological human health data for de-
fined environmental justice populations/communities. In addition, OSWER continues
to work with the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council (NEJAC) Health
and Research Subcommittee in dealing with the issue of cumulative risk.
Contact
Warren Banks, (202) 260-4622
Region 3
Cumulative risks may be the result of exposures to single or multiple contaminants
from one or more sources. OSWER and other Agency programs generally consider
site-specific risks without considering current exposure to other (non site-specific)
pollution sources. Region 3 initiated a major study of environmental risk potentially
affecting the health of residents of Chester, Pennsylvania. Participants in the study
include the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADER), Dela-
ware County, and Chester County. Participants from the community have been en-
gaged to assist the Region by providing input to the study. The final study was com-
pleted on January 25,1995, and is presently undergoing an internal peer review.
In order to explore cumulative risk issues, Region 3 is also funding a study of South/
Southwest Philadelphia. Funding for this project became available with the passing of
the fiscal year 1995 EPA budget where $423,000 was allocated to Region 3 to perform
the study. Johns Hopkins University was awarded the grant in January 1995 to per-
form the study with significant involvement from the local community groups.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Completed final draft of Chester study and initiated internal peer review.
1/95 Awarded grant to Johns Hopkins University.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 13
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Contacts
Patrick Anderson, (215) 597-2393 (Chester study)
Len Mangiaracina, (215) 597-6666 (Philadelphia study)
Region 7
To support Agency-wide efforts to develop scientifically valid standards to measure
cumulative risk, the Region 7 Superfund Branch has developed and distributed lan-
guage to Region 7 Remedial Project Managers (RPMs) explaining that cumulative
risk arises from exposures to multiple chemicals and exposures to releases from a
Superfund site and other sources of environmental pollution. This language is to be
used in all risk assessments, records of decision, and other documents containing in-
formation on EPA Region 7 Superfund sites. In coordination with Headquarters, the
Region sought specific direction on how to incorporate cumulative risk factors into
risk assessments.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Presented draft of cumulative risk language to the Region 7 Environmen-
tal Justice Workgroup.
6/94 Initiated coordination with Headquarters on cumulative risk.
9/94 Sent memorandum to RPMs with language explaining cumulative risk.
Contact
David Crawford, (913) 551-7702
Region 9
Region 9 is providing oversight of an Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
(ADEQ) environmental justice pilot project funded by a grant from Headquarters. The
pilot project will be used to support Agency efforts to develop scientifically valid
standards to measure cumulative risk. The initial phase of the pilot project is a quali-
tative assessment to identify emissions impacting a low-income minority community
in Southwest Phoenix that face multiple sources of risk. A future phase of the pilot
project will entail a strategy for addressing the identified hazards. ADEQ has re-
cruited a project manager and developed a draft community participation plan, formed
a community-based committee to help guide the project, and has begun gathering and
compiling data. ADEQ has also identified the concise project area and is scheduled to
complete data acquisition and compilation in July 1995.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Awarded grant to ADEQ for environmental justice pilot project.
10/94 Formed community-based committee to guide project.
12/94 Completed community participation plan.
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Health, Cumulative Risk, Synergistic Effects, and Multiple Pathways
Contact
Karen Scheuermann, (415) 744-2068
In addition, Region 9 has undertaken an assessment to analyze cumulative risks. The
project will analyze all States in the Region for demographics, race, and potential/
measured sources of pollution. The goal of the project is to locate those communities
impacted by numerous sources of pollution, but receiving insufficient attention from
agencies to address these hazards. The Region chose pilot communities and devel-
oped an outreach plan.
Completed Milestones
2/95 Selected pilot communities and developed outreach plan.
Contacts
Nancy Nadel, (415) 744-2043
Karen Scheuermann, (415) 744-2068
Region 1O
Region 10 risk assessors are continuing to participate in the Agency Science Policy
Steering Committee and the Risk Assessment Forum to determine guidance for cumu-
lative risk. Region 10 risk assessors are also participating in an assessment of cumula-
tive risk to Native Americans on the Columbia River. The data from this assessment
will be used to define exposure limits for all Regional actions. An initial draft of the
quality assurance project plan has been written and is currently under internal review.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Participated in periodic Agency Science Policy Steering Committee and
the Risk Assessment Forum.
3/95 Completed draft quality assurance project plan of the "Assessment of
Chemical Contaminants in Fish Consumed by Four Native American Tribes
in the Columbia River Basin" for internal review.
Contact
Pat Cirone, (206) 553-1597
Action Item
Evaluate health effects in communities with potential exposure to hazardous
substances.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
In the summer of 1994, EPA requested assistance from the Public Health Service (PHS)
to respond to the health concerns of communities living near hazardous waste sites.
Health concerns included improving delivery of existing medical services to commu-
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 15
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Cross-Cutting Issues
nities with potential exposures to hazardous substances and building environmental
health expertise in communities through physician training and placement. In response
to these concerns, the Medical Assistance Project (MAP) was developed. The purpose
of the MAP is to enhance communities' access to appropriate health services in in-
stances where contact with hazardous substances may have occurred. MAP is coordi-
nated by the Superfund Medical Assistance Coordination Group and is being imple-
mented by various PHS agencies in cooperation with EPA, State and local health de-
partments, local health care providers, and members of communities living near haz-
ardous waste sites. A pilot initiative which will provide important information about
the costs, extent of use of the health services, and the impacts of these services on
communities is underway at the Del Amo/Montrose Superfund site, Torrance, Califor-
nia; Newsom Brothers Superfund site, Columbia, Mississippi; Tuscon Airport Superfund
site, Tuscon, Arizona; and the Southern Wood Piedmont site, Augusta, Georgia.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Announced funding for Del Amo/Montrose facility.
2/95 Presented Draft MAP to Superfund Medical Assistance Coordination
Group.
Contact
Greg Mertz, (202) 260-5714
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Federal Interagency Cooperation topic
area.]
Region 2
Region 2 and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) began
a study of the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe to evaluate potential health effects resulting
from exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB). The study was funded by a Federal
grant to the New York Department of Health. Region 2 coordinated the effort with
ATSDR and provided a peer review of the study. The report is titled "PCBs from Toxic
Waste in a Population of Native Americans." It is anticipated that further activities
with the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe may occur. Region 2 will continue to be involved in
coordination and peer review efforts with ATSDR on the study of potential impacts of
PCB exposures to the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Completed "PCBs from Toxic Waste in a Population of Native Ameri-
cans" report.
Contact
Lisa Carson-Jackson, (212) 637-4274
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Federal Interagency Cooperation topic
area.]
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Geographic Information System
(GIS)
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 17
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Geographic Information System
Geographic Information System
Develop compatible and appropriate Agency-wide approaches to using GIS to address
potential environmental justice concerns 21
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 21
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office 21
Office of Solid Waste 21
Region 1 21
Region 2 21
Region 3 22
Region 4 23
Region 5 24
Region 6 24
Region 7 24
RegionS 25
Region 9 25
Region 10 26
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 19
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Geographic Information System
Topic Area: Geographic Information System
(GIS)
Action Item
Develop compatible and appropriate Agency-wide approaches to using GIS to
address potential environmental justice concerns.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR) used GIS technology,
LandView, and 1990 census data to categorize demographic and median income char-
acteristics of populations living around National Priorities List (NPL) sites. [Note:
More detail on this entry is reported under the Comprehensive Environmental Re-
sponse, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) topic area.]
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
Office
The Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office (CEPPO) is preparing
to distribute LandView, the CD-ROM reference atlas that combines maps with demo-
graphic and economic census data along with EPA facility databases. [Note: More
detail on this entry is reported under the CEPPO topic area.]
Office of Solid Waste
The Office of Solid Waste (OSW) has developed a GIS application, called the Deci-
sion Support System (DSS), jointly with the Environmental Monitoring Systems Labo-
ratory in Las Vegas (EMSL-LV). [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) topic area.]
Region 1
Region I used GIS data and census data to prioritize high National Corrective Action
Prioritization System (NCAPS) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) facilities to determine the appropriate course of
corrective action. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the RCRA topic
area.]
In addition, Region I has also begun to utilize GIS at Federal Facilities. [Note: More
detail on this entry is reported under the Federal Facilities topic area.]
Region 2
Region 2 completed pilot studies that identify areas with potential environmental jus-
tice concerns in New Jersey and New York. The pilot studies used GIS to demographi-
cally map the States for population density, ethnicity, and income. This information
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 21
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Cross-Cutting Issues
was combined with a modified health-risk formula, developed by Region 6, to graphi-
cally display potential environmental justice areas. After peer review of the pilot stud-
ies, Region 2 incorporated the study data into the Region's GIS and generated Re-
gional demographic maps of New Jersey and New York. In addition to generating the
demographic maps, the Region can combine the demographic information from the
studies with other program health-risk data (e.g., chemical-specific release data and
exposure data); specific geographic data (e.g., roads, streams, and primary aquifer
boundaries); and facility data (e.g., hazardous waste sites and other potential pollution
sources) in the GIS. The information gained from the pilot studies will also provide
RCRA enforcement program personnel with insight into the demographic makeup of a
community prior to undertaking inspections or enforcement actions.
The Region also used GIS demographic maps to target its inspections for the Long
Island Initiative that includes compliance evaluation inspections of 200 facilities in
Nassau County and Suffolk County, New York, that are located in areas that pose high
risks to Long Island's groundwater. GIS maps helped the Region target its inspections
to facilities in areas of environmental justice concern and where the groundwater is
most vulnerable.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Developed initial pilot study.
6/94 Peer review of pilot study.
9/94 Completed New Jersey pilot study.
10/94 Completed New York pilot study.
10/94 Reviewed New Jersey and New York pilot studies.
11/94 Developed Regional maps of New Jersey and New York for compliance
purposes only.
12/94 Identified Long Island facilities to be inspected.
3/95 Completed 80 inspections in Long Island, New York.
Contacts
Pete Mannino, (212) 637-4158
Harvey Simon, (212) 264-1361
In addition, Region 2 awarded a data management cooperative agreement to the New
Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) in September 1994. Under
the agreement, NJDEP will continue identifying accurate locations for all regulated
facilities in the State using the global positioning satellite and GIS. [Note: More
detail on this entry is reported under the CERCLA topic area.]
Region 3
Region 3 is in the process of obtaining GIS maps for each high NCAPS RCRA facility
within the Region. To accomplish this task, the Region verified the locations of Re-
gional high NCAPS facilities and completed an evaluation of the demographic model
that the Region will use to create the maps. These maps will contain the latest demo-
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Geographic Information System
graphic data layered with details gathered from various databases (e.g., CERCLA In-
formation System (CERCLIS), RCRA Information System (RCRIS)) on program-spe-
cific information regarding releases from the facilities. The Region also drafted the
RCRA facility evaluation form (RFEF) for gathering more information about NCAPS
facilities and is circulating it to RCRA managers for review. The information pro-
vided by the maps will help prioritize and identify areas with potential environmental
justice concerns for RCRA enforcement action.
Completed Milestones
3/94 Verified location of high NCAPS facilities.
3/94 Located site boundaries.
4/94 Drafted RFEF.
4/94 Finished demographic model.
Contact
Harry Daw, (215)597-3177
Region 3 also is using GIS to aid in identifying the socio-economic makeup of com-
munities being assessed under Superfund. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported
under the CERCLA topic area.]
In addition, Region 3 has completed GIS mapping of NPL sites in the Region to show
racial, education, poverty, and population data. The mapping data will allow the Re-
gion to visually depict the demographics of Region 3's NPL sites and their surround-
ing communities to help identify areas of environmental justice concern. The Superfund
Community Relations Branch has started coordinating its community relations activi-
ties using the demographic information provided by the GIS maps.
Contact
James McCreary, (215) 597-7214
Region 4
Using GIS capabilities, Region 4 developed a proactive site discovery program to
identify CERCLA sites. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the CERCLA
topic area.]
Region 4 also actively uses GIS to determine per capita income levels and minority
population in areas surrounding specific CERCLA and RCRA sites. The Region has
obtained the necessary equipment and updated the CERCLIS and RCRIS databases
that identify CERCLA and RCRA sites and their surrounding communities.
Completed Milestones
1/94 Updated database systems.
Contact
John McKeown, (404) 347-5059 x6166
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Region 5
Region 5's RCRA and Superfund programs have been working together to coordinate
the acquisition and development of GIS capability in the Region's waste management
division. Both programs use GIS in targeting the efforts of their respective programs
and anticipating potential environmental justice concerns in communities around Re-
gion 5 sites and facilities. To support GIS, the Waste Management Division has estab-
lished five workstations with graphic capabilities and CD-ROM drives.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Purchased CD-ROM drives and Census Bureau map files for RCRA.
Contacts
Marilyn Millard, (312) 886-6224
Mark Horwitz, (312) 353-9045
Region 6
Region 6 has used GIS to identify installations with environmental justice concerns
that have been designated for closure or realignment under the Base Realignment and
Closure (BRAC) Act. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the Federal
Facilities topic area.]
In addition, Region 6 has utilized GIS to complete the identification of demographics,
including minority and income information, surrounding RCRATSD facilities. The
region using this information to address environmental justice issues.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Contract II approved.
8/94 Deliverable received.
8/94 Completed entry of data I.
9/94 Completed analysis of data I.
Contact
Bob Wilkinson, (214) 665-8316
Region 7
Region 7 conducted a screening, using GIS in conjunction with CERCLIS, RCRIS,
and demographic information (population density, ethnicity, and income), to identify
counties that have a high co-occurrence of minority or low-income population, and
RCRIS/CERCLIS listings. As a result of this screening, the Region selected St. Louis
and St. Louis County as an environmental justice pilot area for more intensive scru-
tiny. The Region is working to further refine the analysis of the area to the lowest
possible census tract level. The Region has conducted an address matching process to
locate RCRA facilities, CERCLA sites, and air emission sources within the pilot area
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Geographic Information System
and is reviewing the results. When the review is complete, the information gained will
be added to the Region's GIS. If the study of the St. Louis area is successful, the
Region will investigate six other counties in the Region that may have environmental
justice concerns based on the original screening.
Completed Milestones
1/94 Selected St. Louis and St. Louis County as an environmental justice
pilot area.
11/94 Conducted address matching process.
Contact
David Doyle, (913) 551-7667
Region 8
Region 8 completed a GIS demonstration map of the metropolitan Denver, Colorado,
area. The demonstration map identifies the location of RCRA-regulated facilities and
environmental justice focus areas with large minority or low-income populations. The
Region will use the maps to delineate areas where enhanced public involvement with
RCRA siting and permitting actions may be desired. The Region also is working to
update its GIS with current RCRIS data and to complete GIS maps, like those pro-
duced for the Denver area, for all areas of Region 8.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Completed GIS demonstration map of Denver.
Contact
Terry Brown, (303) 293-1823
Region 9
Region 9 has undertaken an Assessment Project to identify and create GIS maps of
areas with potential environmental justice concerns. The Region developed criteria
and parameters for mapping minority and low-income communities and has been in-
corporating this information into the Region's GIS. The Assessment Project will ana-
lyze all States in the Region for demographics and potential and measured sources of
pollution. The goal of the project is to locate communities that are impacted by nu-
merous pollution sources but are getting insufficient attention from agencies to ad-
dress these hazards.
Completed Milestones
2/95 Selected pilot communities.
2/95 Developed outreach plan.
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Contacts
Karen Scheuermann, (415) 744-2064
Nancy Nadel, (415) 744-2043
Region 1O
Region 10's RCRA program, with the assistance of the Region's Environmental Ser-
vices Division, used GIS and census data to identify RCRATSD facilities in Washing-
ton, Oregon, and Idaho. In addition, Region 9 aided Region 10 in obtaining latitude
and longitude for Region 10 RCRA-regulated large quantity generators, and Region
10 has entered this information into its GIS. The Region plans to use the GIS data, in
cooperation with States, to target public outreach and stakeholder meetings for com-
munities, evaluate enforcement and compliance priorities in conjunction with State
programs, evaluate the timing and priority of corrective action remedies, and incorpo-
rate environmental justice concerns into supplemental environmental project (SEP)
penalty offsets. In addition, the Region is continuing work on the GIS analysis to
include facilities in Alaska.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Identified RCRA TSD facilities.
9/94 Obtained latitude/longitude from Region 9.
Contact
Judy Stone, (206) 553-6524
26 — Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Outreach, Communications,
and Partnerships
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 27
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Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships
Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships
Issue a directive requiring consideration of environmental justice in all policies, guidances,
and regulations 31
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 31
Expand environmental workforce curricula and develop pilots with community colleges,
labor organizations, universities, and other worker training groups 31
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 31
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 32
Conduct presentations on environmental justice to establish and maintain communication
with the public 32
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 32
Coordinate with the first National Environmental Justice Advisory Council (NEJAC)
Subcommittee on Waste and Facility Siting to implement the OSWER Environmental
Justice Task Force's recommendations for environmental justice 33
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 33
Enter into partnerships to resolve issues that do not fall exclusively under
OSWER jurisdiction 33
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 34
Conduct Regional environmental justice public forums 34
Region 4 34
Region 6 35
Use Regional environmental education grants to promote environmental justice education 35
Region 4 35
Regions 36
Develop program-specific and community/minority-specific environmental justice outreach
strategies 36
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 36
Office of Solid Waste 36
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office 37
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 37
Region 1 37
Region 2 37
Regions 37
Region 4 37
RegionS 37
Region 6 38
Region 7 38
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 29
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Regions 38
Region 9 38
Region 10 39
Develop a public education and outreach program for communities likely to have
OSWER-related environmental justice concerns 39
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response..... 39
Region 2 39
Region3 40
Region 4 41
Region 6 41
Involve labor groups in environmental justice activities 42
Region 6 42
30 — Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships
Topic Area: Outreach, Communications, and
Partnerships
Action Item
Issue a directive requiring consideration of environmental justice in all policies,
guidances, and regulations.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) developed a directive en-
titled "Integration of Environmental Justice Into OSWER Policy, Guidance, and Regu-
latory Development." The directive requires the consideration of environmental jus-
tice in the development of all OSWER policies, guidances, and regulations, including
meaningful input from stakeholders at critical points.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Issued directive to OSWER employees.
Contact
Timothy D. Mott, (202) 260-2447
Action Item
Expand environmental workforce curricula and develop pilots with community
colleges, labor organizations, universities, and other worker training groups.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
OSWER has been working with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sci-
ences (NIEHS) to develop health and safety training for communities with environ-
mental justice concerns. The NIEHS Superfund Worker Training Program has pro-
vided safety and health training to over 400,000 workers in high risk occupations dur-
ing the past seven years through extramural cooperative agreements with unions, uni-
versities, and community colleges. During the past three years, outreach and training
have focused on low-income and non-English-speaking populations that are engaged
in high-risk work activities. Specifically, safety and health curricula have been modi-
fied and translated to reach populations that do not have access to high quality safety
and health training. EPA and NIEHS held a technical workshop in Cleveland, Ohio, in
January 1995 to examine model programs for training young residents.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Conducted a technical workshop with NIEHS in Cleveland, Ohio.
2/95 Applications received.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 31
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Contact
Jim Maas, (202) 260-8927
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Federal Interagency Cooperation and the
Contracts, Grants, and Labor topic areas.]
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR) is designing a pilot pro-
gram to provide training to minorities and low-income residents in the hazardous waste
cleanup field.
[Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) topic area.]
Action Item
Conduct presentations on environmental justice to establish and maintain com-
munication with the public.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
In a continuing effort to build and maintain an open dialogue with the public on envi-
ronmental justice issues, OSWER senior management appeared at numerous speaking
engagements and established lines of communications with a diverse group of stake-
holders.
Completed Milestones
Conducted presentations on environmental justice to the following groups:
12/93 National Church of Christ Environmental Justice Summit
2/94 Environmental Justice Symposium on Health Effects
4/94 Environmental Justice Constituent Briefing
4/94 American Bar Association Forum on Environmental Justice
5/94 National Tribal Conference on Environmental Justice
6/94 National Association of Attorney Generals
8/94 Blacks in Government National Training Conference
8/94 American Bar Association Forum on Environmental Justice
8/94 Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials
10/94 Hazardous Waste Action Coalition
11/94 Northeast Waste Management Association
11/94 Air and Waste Management Association
32 — Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships
1/95 Environmental Training for Inner City Youth Technical Workshop
Advisory Council
1/95 National Religous Partnership for the Environment
2/95 National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Council
Contact
Marsha Lindsey Minter, (202) 260-6626
Action Item
Coordinate with the first National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
(NEJAC) Subcommittee on Waste and Facility Siting to implement the OSWER
Environmental Justice Task Force's recommendations for environmental justice.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
OSWER has worked closely with the NEJAC Subcommittee on Waste and Facility
Siting to implement the OSWER Environmental Justice Task Force's recommendations
and assigned a staff person (e.g., Designated Federal Official) to work with NEJAC on
key issues. The Subcommittee provided extensive review and comment on the "OSWER
Environmental Justice Task Force Draft Final Report." Many of these comments were
incorporated into the revised OSWER environmental justice strategy document, the
"OSWER Environmental Justice Action Agenda."
OSWER also continued to work with the Subcommittee to address public health issues
and economic redevelopment/brownfields issues of affected communities. Addition-
ally, OSWER and the Subcommittee continued to work together to develop recom-
mendations concerning siting issues.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Coordinated agenda topics and participants for the NEJAC meeting in
Albuquerque, New Mexico.
10/94 Coordinated agenda topics and participants for the Waste and Facility
Siting Subcommittee meeting in Washington, D.C.
1/95 Attended NEJAC meeting in Atlanta, Georgia.
3/95 Developed responses to NEJAC comments.
Contact
Jan Young, (202) 260-1691
Action Item
Enter into partnerships to resolve issues that do not fall exclusively under OSWER
jurisdiction.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 33
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
OSWER entered into a cooperative agreement with the national office of the National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to examine the per-
ceived health effects of inactive and uncontrolled waste sites on certain racially and
economically disadvantaged communities. OSWER has been conducting interviews
with affected community residents in an ongoing effort to obtain their perceptions of
the health effects and risks to the community presented by these sites.
Information gathered as a result of this project will enable the 2,200 local branches of
the NAACP to add environmental justice to their civil rights agenda, assist in efforts to
empower local communities for meaningful participation in environmental decision-
making, and allow for more effective dialogue between EPA and community residents
on issues of mutual interest.
Completed Milestones
1/94 Entered into agreement with the NAACP.
6/94 Conducted interviews in Portsmouth, Virginia.
8/94 Presented workshops for NAACP National Board, State Conference
Presidents.
10/94 Presented workshops for NAACP National Board, State Conference
Presidents.
11/94 Conducted environmental training class for NAACP Regional Directors,
State Conference Executive Directors, and other NAACP officials.
2/95 Conducted interviews in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Contact
Marsha Lindsey Minter, (202) 260-6626
Action Item
Conduct Regional environmental justice public forums.
Region 4
Region 4 held a Regional Environmental Justice Forum in May 1994. The forum was
open to the public and was well attended by outside interest groups. Information was
exchanged on environmental justice initiatives and concerns.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Held a Regional environmental justice forum.
Contact
Eddie Wright, (404) 347-3555
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Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships
Region 6
Region 6 developed plans for a joint Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)-
Superfund environmental justice public forum in a geographic area with high levels of
environmental justice concern/issues as determined through input from various stake-
holders. The public forum will take place in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in June 1995.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Selected public forum site.
Contacts
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
Olivia Rodriguez Balandran, (214) 665-6584
[Note: Regions 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are also in the process of planning environ-
mental justice public forums.]
Action Item
Use Regional environmental education grants to promote environmental justice
education.
Region 4
Region 4's Office of Environmental Education Grants funds grants for Regional envi-
ronmental education. Local education agencies, State education agencies, colleges or
universities, and not-for-profit organizations are eligible recipients. The Region awarded
six environmental education grants during 1994 for environmental justice-related edu-
cation projects.
Region 4's Office of Environmental Justice also funded an environmental justice project
submitted by Clark-Atlanta University. This project provides a series of workshops
and a professional development forum for faculty and students. The series promotes
dialogue and exchange of information and ideas regarding strategies for integrating
environmental concerns into curricula, community activities, and career preparation.
Region 4 will use the curricula developed for this program to promote information
exchange and to take advantage of outside training opportunities.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Awarded grants for environmental education.
9/94 Awarded grant to Clark-Atlanta University.
Contacts
Wesley Lambert, (404) 347-3555 (environmental education)
Vivian Malone Jones, (404) 347-4294 (Clark-Atlanta University)
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 35
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Region 5
Environmental education grants were developed, in part, to educate communities on
environmental issues affecting their communities. The Region's Office of Public Af-
fairs promotes the environmental education grants program through Regional envi-
ronmental justice contacts and community relations coordinators so that institutions
with environmental justice-related activities will be aware of the opportunity to com-
pete for these funds. Region 5 conducted an environmental grants writing workshop
for Chicago public school faculty members. Part of the workshop was devoted to a
presentation about the environmental education grants. Another portion presented the
environmental justice grant program. More than 200 teachers attended.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Conducted the grants writing workshop.
Contacts
Suzanne Saric, (312) 353-3209
Gina Rosario, (312) 353-4716
Action Item
Develop program-specific and community I minority-specific environmental jus-
tice outreach strategies.
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
In order to maintain consistency across all Regional environmental justice plans, the
Office of Underground Storage Tanks (OUST) issued a fact sheet on environmental
justice to °tate OUST and Office of Leaking Underground Storage Tank managers.
This fact sheet defines environmental justice, explains what EPA is doing to address
the issue and how OUST programs can address environmental justice concerns.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Issued environmental justice fact sheet.
Contact
Sammy Ng, (703) 308-8882
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) topic
area.]
Office of Solid Waste
A public participation rule for combustion-permitting procedures was proposed on
June 2, 1994, that will expand public involvement opportunities during the RCRA
permitting process. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the RCRA topic
area.]
36 — Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office
The Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office's (FFRRO) environmental justice
support to other Federal agencies helps the agencies focus their public outreach efforts
to more equitably serve their communities. [Note: More detail on this entry is re-
ported under the Federal Facilities topic area.]
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR) and Regional community
relations staff completed draft guidance on community advisory groups (CAGs) and
identified 14 potential CAG sites in communities with environmental justice concerns.
[Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the CERCLA topic area.]
Region 1
Region I established and has been interacting extensively with CAGs at two Superfund
sites with environmental justice concerns. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported
under the CERCLA topic area.]
Region 2
Region 2 chose the Diamond Alkali Superfund site, which has potential environmental
justice concerns, to pilot the formation of a CAG. [Note: More detail on this entry is
reported under the CERCLA topic area.]
In addition, to encourage earlier, more meaningful public involvement, especially in
areas with environmental justice concerns, Region 2 developed a RCRA action plan
and is applying the plan at a site located in Humacao, Puerto Rico. [Note: More detail
on this entry is reported under the RCRA topic area.]
Region 3
Region 3 is modifying its RCRA public participation process to foster greater public
involvement by modifying the RCRA Public Involvement Manual and the RCRA
Community Relations Plan to address environmental justice issues. [Note: More
detail on this entry is reported under the RCRA topic area.]
Region 4
The Region selected sites with environmental justice concerns at Chattanooga Creek,
Tennessee, and the Escambia Treatment Plant, Pensacola, Florida, as CAG pilot sites.
[Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the CERCLA topic area.]
Region 5
For fiscal year 1995, Region 5's Office of RCRA allocated additional resources to the
Region's Office of Public Affairs to foster increased public participation in response to
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 37
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Cross-Cutting Issues
environmental justice concerns raised during the permit process. [Note: More detail
on this entry is reported under the RCRA topic area.]
Region 6
Region 6 has selected the Agriculture Street Landfill Superfund site in New Orleans,
Louisiana, to pilot a CAG. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the
CERCLA topic area.]
Region 7
Region 7 has selected the Oronogo-Dunweg Superfund site to pilot a CAG. [Note:
More detail on this entry is reported under the CERCLA topic area.]
Region 8
Region 8 is working closely with two minority communities near the Rocky Mountain
Arsenal (RMA), Montbello and Commerce City, to identify ways to more effectively
involve the communities in site activities. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported
under the Federal Facilities topic area.]
Region 9
Region 9 has selected the Del Amo/Montrose Superfund site to pilot a CAG. [Note:
More detail on this entry is reported under the CERCLA topic area.]
In addition, Region 9 has enhanced its community involvement in the Verdese Carter
Park area in East Oakland, California, and is providing the community with an oppor-
tunity for meaningful and early input into the site assessment process. The Region has
worked with local environmental groups to develop fact sheets which were mailed out
and distributed door-to-door near the park, developed a local repository of informa-
tion, and provided outreach to the community located near the park, which included
holding a community meeting/open house. This meeting was held to inform the resi-
dents of the results of EPA's sampling, identify ways to minimize exposure, and pro-
vide a schedule of upcoming events.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Distributed fact sheets.
3/95 Held community meeting.
Contacts
Mike Bellot, (415)744-2364
Dorothy Wilson, (415) 744-2179
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Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships
Region 1O
Region 10 has been involved in enhancing outreach to Tribes at the Department of
Energy's Hanford site in Washington. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported
under the Federal Facilities topic area.]
Action Item
Develop a public education and outreach program for communities likely to
have OSWER-related environmental justice concerns.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
OSWER's toll-free hotline, used to disseminate up-to-date information to the public
on waste program issues, designated a staff person to keep up-to-date on environmen-
tal justice issues and provide this information to the rest of the hotline staff, track all
Federal Register notices related to environmental justice, and maintain a reference file
to respond to environmental justice questions. The hotline also began tracking all
environmental justice/brownfields questions they handle, and implemented a transla-
tion service for Spanish-speaking callers. Formal training on environmental justice
was also developed and presented to the hotline staff.
Completed Milestones
2/94 Designated environmental justice staff person.
8/94 Implemented translation service.
1/95 Began tracking environmental justice questions.
2/95 Conducted environmental justice training.
Contact
Carolyn Vanhook-Jasperse, (202) 260-7388
Region 2
Officials from the Region and the New York City Department of Environmental Pro-
tection (NYCDEP) met with "El Puente," a local community-based organization. El
Puente founded a public school in 1994 for local Greenpoint/Williamsburg children,
which emphasizes and encourages environmental and social activism in its students.
During the meeting, the Region and NYCDEP provided educational materials and
agreed to provide guest lecturers for special environmental activities at the El Puente
school. The Region will conduct future outreach activities with the NYCDEP on a
regular basis to provide environmental information to El Puente, as well as to other
schools, citizen action groups, environmental groups, and the regulated community in
Greenpoint/Williamsburg.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 39
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Completed Milestones
10/94 Met with El Puente.
Contact
Steve Petrucelli, (212) 637-3129
[Note: This entry is also reported under the RCRA topic area.]
On April 26,1994, Region 2 met with the Interfaith Community Organization (ICO) of
Jersey City, a church group representing approximately 35 local churches. At this
meeting, the ICO expressed its dissatisfaction with the rate and quality of the State's
efforts in chromium cleanup. The ICO also discussed a lawsuit it recently filed against
the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) alleging that the
State has failed to adequately protect human health and the environment. The ICO
approached EPA Region 2 to help expedite the clean-up process. The resulting activi-
ties included a removal site evaluation, two on-site inspections by Water Management
Division staff, and a review of existing pre-remedial file information. It was deter-
mined that the site was not eligible for a CERCLA removal action and was previously
given a recommendation of "no further remedial action planned" by pre-remedial staff.
As a result, the Region decided to monitor the NJDEP remedial activities. The NJDEP
continues to be the lead regulatory agency responsible for the clean-up activities at
chrome-contaminated sites.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Met with ICO to determine concerns.
5/94 Prepared an assessment of ICO needs.
Contact
Kathleen Gallagher, (212) 637-4137
Region 3
Region 3 is conducting the Urban Environmental Initiative in cooperation with the
City of Baltimore and the Maryland Department of the Environment to identify areas
of disproportionate risk in Baltimore City and initiate community activities. The ini-
tiative supports activities aimed at pollution prevention, risk reduction, public aware-
ness, and other environmental activities in areas with environmental justice concerns
within Baltimore City. The initiative is divided into two tracks: short-term and long-
term. The short-term track uses the knowledge and experience of the interagency team
to identify areas of immediate action. The team identified seven short-term areas:
lead contamination, hazardous materials incidents, consumption of contaminated fish
from Baltimore Harbor, air toxics, ground-level ozone, hazardous levels of radon, and
indoor air pollution. The long-term track is designed to gather comprehensive data to
identify environmental justice areas.
Region 3 has been active in projects in the short-term track. For the short-term lead
project, the interagency team produced and distributed lead-dust cleaning kits to Bal-
timore residents in target areas. In October 1994, the team delivered approximately
150 kits to citizens who had received training in using the kits through the Baltimore
40 — Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships
City Health Department. As of January 1995, the team has committed 1,400 of a total
of 2,500 kits for distribution to trained community members. Additionally, the team
submitted grant proposals for fish-consumption studies, the creation of an ozone map
and associated public information activities, hazardous materials incident studies, and
indoor air studies. These proposals are currently under review. The Region antici-
pates the proposal reviews will be completed in fiscal year 1995.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Held the Urban Environmental Initiative planning team meeting.
10/94 Completed short-term risk rankings.
10/94 Distributed lead-dust cleaning kits.
Contact
Reginald Harris, (215) 597-6529
Region 4
Region 4 is in the process of improving its communication plan. The plan will include
public notification of the Region's intent, goals, and responsibilities regarding envi-
ronmental justice. The Region received and reviewed proposals to implement the
communication plan and will make necessary funding decisions to implement the plan
in the coming year.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Received proposals.
6/94 Reviewed proposals.
Contact
Vivian Malone Jones, (404) 347-4294
Region 6
Region 6 established a workgroup to coordinate Regional environmental justice ac-
tivities. The Region 6 environmental justice coordinator chairs the workgroup. This
group is developing a training program for known environmental justice stakeholders
who have OSWER-related concerns. In 1994, the Region conducted an outreach ses-
sion entitled Partners in Protection in southern Louisiana to provide the public with
information on how to become involved in environmental protection. Additional out-
reach activities are planned for fiscal year 1995.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Initiated workgroup planning.
11/94 Finalized workgroup outreach session.
12/94 Conducted outreach session: Partners in Protection.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 41
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Contact
Lynda Carroll, (214) 665-7200
Region 6 also will implement Technical Outreach Support Centers (TOSCs) at three to
five non-NPL or non-time critical removal sites in fiscal year 1995. TOSC provides
technical assistance for communities not eligible for Superfund Technical Assistance
Grants. In addition, TOSC representatives are working with Pueblo Indians in New
Mexico to provide technical assistance. The Region is concentrating on improving
problem areas, such as the lack of coordination and communication between the Fed-
eral agencies assigned to various aspects of site cleanup. The Region selected the
Pueblo Office of Environmental Protection (POEP) and the Devil's Swamp site to
conduct TOSC outreach pilots.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Identified POEP and the Devil's Swamp site as two TOSC outreach pilots.
10/94 Initiated TOSC outreach with POEP.
Contact
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
Action Item
Involve labor groups in environmental justice activities.
Region 6
Region 6 planned and piloted a contracts and labor seminar in December 1994 in the
New Orleans area. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the Contracts,
Grants, and Labor topic area.]
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Economic Redevelopment
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 43
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Economic Redevelopment
Economic Redevelopment
Continue to implement brownfields pilot projects 47
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 47
Region 1 48
Region 2 48
RegionS 49
Region 4 50
Regions 50
Region 6 51
Region? 51
Regions 52
Region 9 52
Region 10 52
Develop and implement job training and community outreach activities 53
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 53
Region 9 54
Explore the use of enforcement tools to stimulate brownfields development 54
Region 1 54
RegionS 55
Continue to work with the Hazardous Materials Training and Research Institute to expand
educational training in local communities 55
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 55
Region 2 56
Region 9 56
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 45
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Economic Redevelopment
Topic Area: Economic Redevelopment
Action Item
Continue to implement brownfields pilot projects.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
The Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) continued to expand
its emphasis on community involvement by focusing on environmental justice com-
munities as part of the brownfields economic redevelopment initiative. To accomplish
this task, OSWER is focusing on three specific action items highlighted in the
Brownfields Initiative's Action Agenda, announced by Administrator Browner on Janu-
ary 25,1995. The three action items include awarding 50 brownfields economic rede-
velopment pilots during 1995 and 1996, working with Empowerment Zones and En-
terprise Communities (EZ/EC), and building partnerships with key stakeholders to
gain their input and advice on the Brownfields Action Agenda.
OSWER views the pilot projects as critical to integrating environmental justice con-
cerns into the Brownfields Initiative and has awarded three brownfields pilots to date,
two of which are in EZ/EC cities. Based on experience with the first pilot in Cleve-
land, Ohio, OSWER took steps to improve both the community involvement compo-
nent of the selection criteria and the pilots' cooperative agreements. OSWER plans to
further refine the criteria and cooperative agreement process based on comments so-
licited from the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council (NEJAC).
OSWER also will co-sponsor public forums in five cities across the country during the
summer of 1995 (referred to as Loop Trips) with NEJAC Waste and Facility Siting
Subcommittee. The objective of the Loop Trips is to solicit input from communities
with environmental justice concerns and to develop strategies for integrating commu-
nity involvement into the objectives of the Brownfields Initiative.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Adjusted criteria for brownfields pilot selection to better incorporate en-
vironmental justice concerns.
12/94 Awarded two pilot projects in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and Richmond,
Virginia, based on adjusted criteria.
12/94 Integrated a major emphasis on broad community involvement, including
environmental justice communities, into the cooperative agreements of
the first three brownfields pilots.
1/95 Presented the Brownfields Action Agenda for comment to NEJAC
representatives at the Environmental Justice National Meeting in Atlanta.
3/95 Identified the brownfields redevelopment pilot program as EPA's
signature initiative for the Agency's EZ/EC program.
3/95 Scheduled Loop Trips to be co-sponsored with NEJAC for the weeks of
June 5 and July 21.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 47
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Contacts
Marjorie Buckholtz, (202) 260-6153
Katherine Dawes, (202) 260-8394
Region 1
OSWER selected the City of Bridgeport, Connecticut, for a brownflelds pilot project
in September 1994. Region I worked with the city to award a $200,000 cooperative
agreement that was signed on September 30, 1994. The Region has also provided the
city with technical guidance on complying with the Federal Acquisition Regulations.
The city prepared and advertised a request for proposal for consultant services and
reviewed 10 proposals. A six-member panel consisting of two members of the CLEAN
Task Force, two city officials, the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protec-
tion, and the Institute for Responsible Management conducted the reviews and inter-
viewed six short-listed firms in late January. Roy F. Weston was selected in late March
1995, and EPA attended the pilot project kickoff meeting with the city, Weston, and the
CLEAN Task Force on March 30, 1995. Region I also assisted approximately 25
parties in the submission of brownflelds applications that were due March 1, 1995.
Brownflelds pilot projects are expected to be awarded in May 1995.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Assisted in cooperative agreement application.
9/94 Awarded cooperative agreement.
3/95 Initiated assistance to the city with cooperative agreement implemen-
tation.
3/95 Awarded contract for consultant services.
3/95 Attended pilot project kickoff meeting.
3/95 Assisted interested parties in submitting brownfields applications.
Contacts
John Podgurski, (617) 573-9681
Pat O'Leary, (617) 565-4992
Region 2
Region 2 reviewed and assisted five cities (Camden, New Jersey; Jersey City, New
Jersey; Buffalo, New York; Greenpoint, New York; Hunters Point, New York) in de-
veloping brownflelds applications. Region 2 nominated and submitted two applica-
tions (Jersey City and Buffalo) to Headquarters for acceptance in late April 1994. In
addition, the Region has assisted local communities with applications for the second
round of brownfields programs. Region 2 also sponsored three brownfields economic
redevelopment workshops: Newark (January 24, 1995); Buffalo (January 27, 1995);
and Puerto Rico (February 4, 1995). EPA and the EPA Northeast Hazardous Sub-
stance Research Center (NHSRC) jointly conducted the workshops. The NHSRC is a
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Economic Redevelopment
consortium of seven universities involved with education, research, and community
outreach on hazardous substance materials and associated problems. The objective of
the workshop was to introduce community leaders to the brownfields program and
provide basic information about the key factors to address when incorporating envi-
ronmental remediation into their urban renewal efforts.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Submitted brownfields applications to Headquarters for Round 1 selec-
tions.
11/94 Initiated assistance to potential applicants.
1/95-2/95 Sponsored brownfields economic redevelopment workshops.
Contact
Larry D'Andrea, (212) 637-4314
Region 3
Region 3 has entered into a cooperative agreement with the City of Pittsburgh to ex-
plore ways to facilitate redevelopment of contaminated sites within the city's large
tracts of now-abandoned, industrially zoned land. The city has acquired, in lieu of
unpaid taxes, much of the land, but large portions of it remain in private hands. There
are strong environmental justice concerns because many of these sites are located in
minority and low-income neighborhoods. The City of Pittsburgh submitted their co-
operative agreement application in December 1994. The final application for the co-
operative agreement with the city was approved on February 8 and awarded on Febru-
ary 14, 1995. In addition, the City of Philadelphia submitted their cooperative agree-
ment application on January 6, 1995, Region 3 Hazardous Waste Management Divi-
sion staff worked with city representatives to expedite the process and expects to award
the agreement by April 1995. Region 3 has also assisted local communities with appli-
cations for developing brownfields programs with the City of Richmond being se-
lected as a brownfields pilot on September 30, 1994.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Initiated assistance to communities in developing brownfields applica-
tions.
12/94 City of Pittsburgh submitted cooperative agreement application.
1/95 City of Philadelphia submitted cooperative agreement aplication.
2/95 Approved cooperative agreement with City of Pittsburgh.
2/95 Awarded cooperative agreement with City of Pittsburgh.
3/95 Worked with City of Philadelphia to expedite cooperative agreement
application process.
Contact
Tom Stolen, (215) 597-1166
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 49
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Region 4
Region 4 identified a Brownfields Coordinator in July 1994. The coordinator partici-
pated in the July 1994 brownfields workshop, which was attended by the Deputy Di-
rector for the Office of Environmental Justice; the December 1994 interagency
brownfields meeting; the January 1995 regional brownfields meeting; the March 1995
EPA/State meeting; and a local environmental sustainability conference. In addition,
the coordinator performed a brownfields detail in OSWER from June to September
1994, and in March 1995 submitted a brownfields article for publication in the Na-
tional Association of Regional Project Managers Newsletter. Region 4 also assisted
numerous parties in the submission of brownfields applications that were due March
1, 1995. Brownfields pilot projects are expected to be awarded in May 1995.
Completed Milestones
7/94 Established Regional Brownfields Coordinator.
1/95 Assisted interested parties in submitting brownfields applications.
Contact
Barbara Dick, (404) 347-2643 x6273
Region 5
The Cleveland brownfields pilot to return contaminated inner-city properties to pro-
ductive use is an example of using creative alliances to address environmental justice
needs. Current brownfields redevelopment efforts in Region 5 have centered on build-
ing State capacity to redevelop brownfields sites by: (a) providing over $1 million in
core grants and site assessment grants to help States develop, expand, and promote
voluntary cleanup programs; (b) providing $550,000 in site assessment grants to in-
vestigate brownfields throughout the Region; (c) developing, Federal/State/local gov-
ernment "reuse action teams" to quickly solve site-specific environmental barriers to
the redevelopment of property; and (d) adding addenda to existing Superfund Memo-
randa of Agreement that express "programmatic comfort" with State voluntary clean-
ups. Region 5 sponsored a "Regional Summit on the Urban Environment and Eco-
nomic Redevelopment: Brownfields Strategies for Midwestern Cities," in Chicago in
March 1995. The Region has also detailed three employees to local governments to
help cities build their capacity on brownfields. In addition, the Region, in partnership
with the Office of Administration and Resources Management, created an Environ-
mental Finance Center at Cleveland State University focused on training and outreach
to local governments on how to finance brownfields redevelopment.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Detailed employees to local governments.
3/95 Sponsored Regional brownfields summit.
3/95 Initiated creation of Environmental Finance Center.
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Economic Redevelopment
Contacts
Jim Bower, (312)886-1423
Joe Dufficy, (312)886-7255
Region 6
Region 6 participated in the June 1994 brownfields pilot meeting in Dallas, Texas, to
gain more information about economic redevelopment. Region 6 also selected a Re-
gional Brownfields Coordinator to further implement brownfields pilot projects. The
coordinator is working with cities and tribes in the Region to prepare brownfields
applications. Region 6 is currently soliciting and submitting brownfields grant appli-
cations for an anticipated award in May 1995. The Region also recently participated
in the National Brownfields Conference in February 1995.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Participated in brownfields pilot meeting in Dallas, Texas.
10/94 Selected Region 6 Brownfields Coordinator.
10/94 Worked with States and municipalities to determine interest
levels in applying for "Round Three" brownfields grants.
1/95 Mailed solicitation letter to mayors and tribes.
2/95 Participated in the National Brownfields Conference.
Contacts
Stan Hitt, (214) 665-6735
Walter Biggins, (214) 665-6705
Region 7
Region 7 is exploring opportunities available under the brownfields pilot projects as
part of its environmental justice initiative. The Region has contacted all four States
within its jurisdiction and a number of cities regarding the brownfields pilot program
and grants available through Headquarters. To enhance economic redevelopment, Re-
gion 7 is working with the four States on their voluntary cleanup programs and antici-
pates further efforts to assist and build capacity in these programs. Region 7 recently
participated with a group of individuals from all EPA Regions and Headquarters to
further understand and apply brownfields concepts. Region 7 will continue to work
with the group to promote brownfields redevelopment in the Region and nationwide.
Completed Milestones
5/94-1/95 Contacted States and cities regarding brownfields pilot program.
12/94-3/95 Participated with Headquarters and other Regions in efforts to understand
and apply brownfields concepts.
Contact
Glenn Curtis, (913)551-7726
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Region 8
Region 8 has initiated the Sand Creek Pilot Brownfields Economic Redevelopment
Project in partnership with the Cities of Denver and Commerce City. A facilitated
discussion resulted in agreement to hold two focus group sessions, one with local
lenders, realtors, and appraisers to identify barriers to economic redevelopment in
contaminated areas or areas perceived to be contaminated. The second session was
held with local neighborhood groups and business people to hear their concerns re-
garding cleanup and redevelopment.
Contacts
Marc Alston, (303) 294-1520
Wendy Thomi, (303) 294-1139
Region 9
Region 9 has outlined a strategy for the Brownfields Initiative and has designated a
Brownfields Coordinator and established a Regional brownfields workgroup. The
Region has moved forward on the following activities:
• Developed criteria to determine what assistance can be provided to pro-
spective purchasers. This includes the development of a Regional "com-
fort letter." The Region has also issued one covenant-not-to-sue;
• Educated lenders and members of the real estate industry to counteract the
stigma of Superfund. Activities developing a matrix for use in determin-
ing when various types of comfort or prospective purchaser activities are
appropriate;
• Worked with local governments to remove obstacles to redevelopment.
The Region recently participated in a meeting in East Palo Alto to discuss
ways to assist the city in redevelopment; and
• Met with the State of California to encourage their voluntary cleanup pro-
gram and to discuss how to provide comfort to participants who complete
the requirements of their program. The Region has reached agreement
regarding sites which are either placed in the No Further Remedial Action
Planned (NFRAP) category or would never be of concern to EPA and will
continue to work to define what level of oversight is appropriate for other
sites.
Contact
Sherry Kitzat, (415) 744-2360
Region 1O
Region lO's Superfund program is working with Headquarters to identify potential
pilots for the brownfields project. For this effort, Region 10 provided information to
States, cities, or other interested parties, and assisted them in preparing proposals.
Interested parties include the Cities of Tacoma, Seattle, and Kodiak; the Oregon State
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Economic Redevelopment
Mills Project; and the Washington State Department of Ecology. If one of these pro-
posals is selected, Region 10 will conduct oversight and assistance as necessary.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Provided information to interested parties.
10/94 Assisted interested parties with applications.
Contact
Ken Marcy, (206) 553-6501
Action Item
Develop and implement job training and community outreach activities.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
OSWER worked with the Department of Labor to focus the efforts on local workforce
development at brownfields pilot sites. In other efforts, OSWER is working with the
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) to implement a minor-
ity worker training program. This program will start a series of national pilot pro-
grams designed to test a range of strategies for the recruitment and training of inner-
city youth.
In addition, OSWER funded and organized the EPA-Morgan State University Summer
Environmental Teacher's Institute, now in its third year. The Teacher's Institute is
designed to recruit and inform teachers from schools located near Superfund sites
about environmental issues and concerns with a focus on environmental education for
public school students. OSWER made special efforts to recruit people of color to the
Teacher's Institute. At the second Teacher's Institute in Baltimore, Maryland, over
half of the participating teachers were people of color.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Conducted the second EPA-Morgan State University Summer
Environmental Teachers Institute, in Baltimore, Maryland.
10/94 Awarded a cooperative agreement to Citizens for Environmental
Justice in Savannah, Georgia, to conduct outreach activities to
environmental justice communities.
1/95 Attended a minority worker training program workshop in Cleveland, Ohio,
sponsored by NIEHS.
1/95 Awarded a cooperative agreement to the Rio Hondo Community College
District in Whittier, California, which is in a predominately Hispanic com-
munity, to establish an environmental education and training center.
Contacts
Marjorie Buckholtz, (202) 260-6153
Myra Blakely, (202) 260-4527
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Region 9
Region 9 has established an interagency cooperative working arrangement with the
Public Health Service (PHS) through their Medical Assistance Program, particularly
at two Superfund sites in Tucson, Arizona, and Del Amo, California. This arrange-
ment with PHS ensures that health facilities are identified around Superfund sites and
that the communities are informed of the availability of medical care which may be
necessary because of exposure to hazardous materials.
In addition, the Region is working with the Department of Labor on a pilot project to
design environmental curricula for the Job Corps program. EPA and Job Corps plan to
hold a meeting of environmental training stakeholders to identify portions of existing
programs which could be included, further define the labor market in this area, and
determine how stakeholders may wish to be involved.
Contact
Sherry Kitzat, (415) 744-2360
Action Item
Explore the use of enforcement tools to stimulate brownfields development.
Region 1
Region I developed a number of initiatives to encourage beneficial reuse of Superfund
sites. These initiatives encourage and promote economic redevelopment by eliminat-
ing liability barriers and matching remedies to projected property use. These initia-
tives cover three general areas: prospective purchaser agreements, status letters, and
municipal liability. For prospective purchasers, the Region will expand agreements to
include protection to lenders and tenants and, when appropriate, will expedite process-
ing of prospective purchaser agreements. The Region is communicating its message
to the public on its involvement at sites by issuing three types of status letters: (I) No
Further Federal Interest Letters; (2) Voluntary Cleanup Letters; and (3) Clean Areas
Letters. Region 1 will also seek legal clarification on the liability of municipalities
that want to take back contaminated parcels of land abandoned by defunct companies,
and return these viable parcels to the town's tax base. Region 1 presented these pro-
posals to OSWER and the public in a briefing in January 1995. Implementation of
these initiatives is pending.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Developed initiatives to encourage beneficial reuse.
1/95 Presented initiatives in briefing.
Contacts
Richard Cavagnero, (617) 573-5720
Pat O'Leary, (617) 565-4992
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Economic Redevelopment
Region 5
Region 5 staff met in April 1994 with members of the voluntary cleanup and enforce-
ment programs of six States to discuss reviewing existing and proposed State pro-
grams, merging concepts of voluntary response and redevelopment, distancing EPA
from direct site involvement, and addressing EPA liability issues. Economic develop-
ment opportunities may arise and should be explored in conjunction with many activi-
ties that also promote environmental justice. Such opportunities are increasingly blocked
by uncertainty about future tort, third-party, and Superfund liability. This uncertainty
causes many potential investors to avoid developing the sites. Communities near
brownfields sites face adverse economic effects such as declining property values and
increased rates of unemployment.
In addition, banks commonly refuse to provide loans for redevelopment at sites they
perceive as being contaminated. To address this issue, Region 5 issued, on July 12,
1994, the first "comfort letter" to a facility in the Cleveland pilot. This "comfort
letter" stated that EPA had determined that the site will not require Superfund action
and deferred all environmental decisions to the State of Ohio. This alleviated the
bank's concerns and resulted in the dispersal of redevelopment loans.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Held forum on State voluntary and enforcement programs.
7/94 Issued "comfort letter."
Contact
Joe Dufficy, (312) 886-7255
Action Item
Continue to work with the Hazardous Materials Training and Research Institute
to expand educational training in local communities.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
OSWER conducted job training and development and community outreach activities
linked to the Brownfields Initiative and specified in the Brownfields Action Agenda.
For some of these activities, OSWER worked with the Hazardous Materials Training
and Research Institute (HMTRI) to expand training and curriculum development to
community colleges located near brownfields pilots. OSWER established partner-
ships with community colleges in Cleveland, Ohio; Bridgeport, Connecticut; and Rich-
mond, Virginia.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Sponsored a HMTRI workshop in Charleston, South Carolina, which was
attended by the Brownfields Community Colleges—Cuyahoga
Community College (Cleveland, Ohio); Housatonic Community College
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 55
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Cross-Cutting Issues
(Bridgeport, Connecticut); and J. Sargeant Reynolds (Richmond, Virginia)
—along with many other community colleges.
Contacts
Marjorie Buckholtz, (202) 260-6153
Myra Blakely, (202) 260-4527
Region 2
Region 2 is working with the Northeast Hazardous Substance Research Center (NHSRC)
to address the feasibility and requirements for local communities to receive grant funding
from NHSRC under CERCLA's Technical Outreach Services for Communities (TOSC)
program. TOSC funding is awarded to cities to educate and train personnel in the
environmental field so that their employment prospects will improve. A pilot program
sponsored by Jersey City, in conjunction with Jersey City State College and Region 2,
trained approximately 40 unemployed local residents, and is helping place success-
fully trained individuals in the environmental job market. Region 2 is also providing
educational support and technical guidance on using TOSC funds in Trenton, Newark,
and Puerto Rico.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Conducted pilot program with Jersey City and Jersey City State College
to train and place 40 individuals using TOSC funding.
Contact
Larry D'Andrea, (212) 637-4314
Region 9
Region 9 is supporting the development of a solid waste management curriculum at
the Rio Hondo College. The curriculum is designed to work within the confines of Rio
Hondo's existing Environmental Technology Program. This program is directed to-
ward technician-level training. The student population at Rio Hondo College is ethni-
cally diverse, and the program's marketing and recruitment efforts will be targeted
toward minorities and women. Region 9 awarded a $50,000 grant under Section 8001
of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act to support development of the cur-
riculum. Project activities past the first year are pending acquisition of additional
funds.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Negotiated final work plan.
7/94 Established an Industry Advisory Committee.
8/94 Developed and disseminated a Solid Waste Technician Skills/
Competencies Assessment.
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Economic Redevelopment
9/94 Developed solid waste curriculum.
1/95 Recruited students.
Contact
David Duncan, (415) 744-2106
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 57
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Contracts, Grants, and Labor
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 59
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Contracts, Grants, and Labor
Contracts, Grants, and Labor
Implement the Mentor-Protege Program 63
Region 2 63
Region 6 63
Region? 64
Promote increased use of local and small and disadvantaged businesses 64
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 64
Region 2 64
Region 4 65
Region 6 65
Region 9 66
Region 10 67
Establish a local consultation committee 67
Region 6 67
Encourage contractors to hire workers in "labor surplus" areas 68
Region 7 68
Use existing Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) provisions to benefit small and
disadvantaged businesses 68
Region 5 68
Incorporate environmental justice language into grants and cooperative agreements 69
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 69
Region 2 69
Establish a pilot program to train minority and/or low-income workers in the hazardous
waste cleanup field 70
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 70
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 61
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Contracts, Grants, and Labor
Topic Area: Contracts, Grants, and Labor
Action Item
Implement the Mentor-Protege Program
Region 2
Region 2 has taken steps to implement the contractor Mentor-Protege Program by
incorporating appropriate criteria into the Remedial Action Contract (RAC) and the
Superfund Technical and Response Team (START) Technical Evaluation Plan (TEP)
and incorporating appropriate clauses in the contract documents. Selected contractors
will be subjected to pre-negotiated goals for small and disadvantaged business pro-
grams. Special contract clauses will hopefully encourage the prime contractors to
pursue the Mentor-Protege Program. This strategy is designed to ensure that the prime
contractors will give serious attention to the Mentor-Protege Program criteria to en-
hance their chances of being awarded an EPA contract. Procurement for START con-
tracts was initiated in August 1994. The procurement cycle for the RACs will be
initiated in fiscal year 1995.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Initiated procurement for START contracts.
Contacts
Shaheer Alvi, (212) 637-4324
Keith Kollar, (212) 637-4324
Region 6
Region 6 is working with the Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization
(OSDBU) to fully implement the Mentor-Protege Program that is being piloted in the
Superfund Response Action START contract. The program is designed to stimulate
the participation of small and disadvantaged businesses in EPA contracts by fostering
long-term relationships between large contractors and small and disadvantaged busi-
nesses. Region 6 obtained a list of contractors currently involved in programs in the
Region and developed a list of candidate mentor firms. Contact was made with the
prospective mentor firms to encourage their participation in the program and to pro-
vide guidance in identifying prospective protege firms (small/disadvantaged) in pre-
paring applications to the program. Discussions on the Mentor-Protege Program were
integrated into the presentation at the Community Development Partnership Seminar
held in the Press Park area of New Orleans, Louisiana.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Developed a list of candidate mentor firms.
11/94 Contacted and met with prospective mentor firms.
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Cross-Cutting Issues
11/94 Integrated Mentor-Protege Program discussions into the Community De-
velopment Partnership Seminar Program.
Contact
Carlene Chambers, (214) 665-6720
Region 7
In Region 7, five firms have either approved or pending Mentor-Protege agreements in
place. Three firms are under contract in the Alternative Remedial Contracting Strat-
egy (ARCS) program and two are involved with RACs. In addition, the Emergency
Response Cleanup Services (ERCS) contractor is seriously investigating potential pro-
tege firms with which to enter into an agreement. EPA has emphasized participation in
the Mentor-Protege Program by discussing contractor participation and providing in-
centives to firms to participate through the award fee process. Region 7 has empha-
sized participation in the Mentor-Protege Program up-front in the solicitation of RAC
and Emergency and Rapid Response Services (ERRS) contracts that are in the pro-
curement phase. Contact for contractors other than ARCS contractors is ongoing.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Obtained a list of contractors currently participating in the program, and
developed a list of candidate mentor firms.
Contact
DebiMorey, (913)551-7593
Action Item
Promote ir creased use of local and small and disadvantaged businesses.
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
The Office of Underground Storage Tanks (OUST) awarded a grant of $100,000 to
train and certify minority contractors in the removal, installation, monitoring, and leak
detection of Underground Storage Tanks (UST). [Note: More detail on this entry is
reported under the UST topic area.]
Region 2
Region 2 reports the number of subcontracts awarded under prime contracts to small
businesses and small and disadvantaged businesses in individual ARCS contracts to
OSDBU. Prime contractors are encouraged to award from 30 to 40 percent of the
available subcontracts to small and disadvantaged businesses. The Region promotes
the achievement of this goal through performance award fee incentives. ARCS con-
tractors were requested to submit this information by March 1, 1995, and every six
months thereafter.
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Contracts, Grants, and Labor
Completed Milestones
3/95 Information submitted by ARCS contractors.
Contact
Shaheer Alvi, (212) 637-4324
Region 4
As part of the long-term contracting strategies for both the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensa-
tion, and Liability Act (CERCLA), Region 4 has established acquisition plans which
emphasize use of small and disadvantaged businesses, both as prime contractors and
subcontractors. The Region 4 Waste Management Division has also sought and imple-
mented set-aside contracts under Section 8(a) of the Small Business Act. This autho-
rizes the Small Business Administration (SB A) to enter into contracts with other Fed-
eral agencies and to perform work on those contracts by subcontracting to "socially
and economically disadvantaged small business concerns." One Enforcement Sup-
port Services (ESS) contract was awarded to a business that qualifies under Section
8(a). A second contract was awarded to a business that qualifies as a Section 8(a)
business to provide assistance in oversight of Federal facilities under the Regional
Oversight Contract (ROC). These contract awards have resulted in more than $12
million being awarded to minority business enterprises. For contracts that are still in
the procurement stage, where the contract amount is too substantial for a small or
disadvantage business to seek, Region 4 will require that prospective prime contrac-
tors seek small and disadvantaged businesses as subcontractors in order to be success-
ful in receiving the award. This requirement will also allow small and disadvantaged
businesses to benefit from the contracts. Region 4 also plans to explore the use of
monetary incentives for the prime contractors to hire small and disadvantaged busi-
nesses.
Completed milestones
9/94 Awarded ESS contract.
9/94 Awarded ROC contract.
Contact
Matt Robins, (404) 347-3555, x6214
Region 6
Region 6 piloted a community development seminar for labor and contractors located
near to sites or facilities regulated by EPA and addressed Federal government con-
tracting opportunities, bidding procedures, training requirements, etc. This seminar
brought together several Federal agencies, EPA prime contractors, and training ven-
dors/providers in one room and made them directly available to potential disadvan-
taged and minority contractors for networking and information sharing on government
subcontracting opportunities. Participants included the City of New Orleans, a labor
union, the Louisiana Hispanic Chamber of Commerce, SBA, the U.S. Army Corps of
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 65
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Engineers, the General Services Administration, the Department of Energy, and sev-
eral local universities.
Several subcontracts were awarded as a result of the seminar, including a construction
contract for $500,000. Feedback from the seminar participants and attendees has been
overwhelmingly positive. Several statements praised the Region for creating opportu-
nities for the attendees to meet, network, and bid for Federal subcontracts that they
otherwise would not have had. The next seminar is tentatively planned for Albuquer-
que, New Mexico, in the spring or early summer.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Finalized planning for the New Orleans seminar.
12/94 Held the seminar.
12/94-1/95 Awarded contracts.
Contacts
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
Carlene Chambers, (214) 665-6720
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area and the Federal Interagency Cooperation topic area.]
Region 9
In Region 9, RCRA Enforcement Permitting Assistance (REPA) Contracts 68-W4-
0004 and 68 W4-0005 were amended to unilaterally change the award-fee plan to
include the following under the existing "Management" criteria: "Evaluation of man-
agement shall include an evaluation of the contractor's adherence to the requirement
and objectives of the approved subcontracting plan negotiated with the contract (e.g.,
ability to meet Minority Business Enterprise subcontracting goals, subcontracting agree-
ment turn-around times)." The award-fee evaluation will occur every six months.
Also, in an effort to encourage increased use of small/disadvantaged subcontractors,
Region 9 is tracking each of the four ARCS contractors' usage of small businesses
through subcontracting as a percentage of total subcontracting dollars spent. EPA has
considered each contractor's success in meeting its goal when calculating the level of
award fee paid for the current period of performance. During the last six months'
performance evaluation period, two out of four contractors had exceeded their goals of
subcontracting to small businesses. The remaining two contractors were close to achiev-
ing their goals. The proposed award fees reflect the success in achieving the goals.
Completed milestones
9/94 Amended REPA Contracts.
1/95 Completed six month performance evaluation of ARCS contractors.
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Contracts, Grants, and Labor
Contacts
Caroline Ireson, (415) 744-2337, (ARCS)
Rich Vaille, (415) 744-2090, (ARCS, REPA)
Region 1O
The Region 10 Superfund removal program worked with the State of Idaho and the
local employment office in Silver Valley to provide health and safety training to local
citizens interested in hazardous waste work. Three one-week training sessions were
held, one in February 1994 and two in May 1994. Also, under the Region 10 Emer-
gency Removal Program, the Corps of Engineers subcontractor, OHM, was able to
hire 19 local workers out of a total of 26 that lived in the community for work at the
Bunker Hill site.
The Region and the State of Idaho also are currently working on the development of a
local contractor list. A mechanism to develop and maintain the contractor list is in its
initial planning stage. The contractor list will be given to hired prime contractors for
use in notifying local contractors of bid opportunities for cleanup work.
Completed Milestones
2/94 Held a one-week health and safety training session for local citizens inter-
ested in hazardous waste work.
5/94 Held two one-week health and safety training sessions for local citizens
interested in hazardous waste work.
Contact
Kirk Robinson, (206) 553-2104
Action Item
Establish a local consultation committee.
Region 6
Region 6, in collaboration with EPA Headquarters, selected the Agricultural Street
Landfill Superfund Site to establish a local consultation committee. The local consul-
tation committee is comprised of local business owners, including owners of minority
businesses and the local Chamber of Commerce. The committee assisted Region 6 in
selecting a location and developing an agenda for the Community Economic Partner-
ship Seminar held in December 1994 in New Orleans, Louisiana. This committee will
continue to assist Region 6 and Headquarters in identifying and addressing environ-
mental justice concerns by helping to identify local employment opportunities and
publicize potential contracting opportunities. The committee also will identify the
scope and pattern of work in a manner that will facilitate opportunities for small and
disadvantaged businesses.
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Completed Milestones
9/94 Selected the Agricultural Street Landfill Site to establish the local consul-
tation committee.
10-11/94 Held local consultation committee meeting to help plan the December
1994 Community Economic Partnership Seminar.
Contact
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6701
Action Item
Encourage contractors to hire workers in "labor surplus" areas.
Region 7
Region 7 identified geographic areas in the Region with high concentrations of unem-
ployment or underemployment from the "labor surplus area" list published by the
Department of Labor. The contracting officer granted approval to require contractor
action on hiring workers from labor surplus zones. The Region plans to request de-
tailed information in work assignments or delivery order work plans on how site/fa-
cilities will strive to meet their Minority/Women Business Enterprise, and Section 8(a)
of the Small Business Act (for "set asides" of contracts to be awarded to small and
disadvantaged businesses) targets and goals for EPA work conducted in labor surplus
areas.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Obtained a list of labor surplus areas.
1/95 Obtained approval from contracting officer to require action.
Contact
Debi Morey, (913) 551-7593
Action Item
Use existing Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) provisions to benefit small
and disadvantaged businesses.
Region 5
Region 5 initiated an effort to ensure that small and disadvantaged businesses obtain
their share of contract awards. This effort, through the RCRA Solid Waste Section,
included an internal review to evaluate whether contract awards within the existing
solid waste management program achieved the eight percent small and disadvantaged
business award minimum. Contract award recipients, not in compliance with the re-
quirements, were sent a notification.
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Contracts, Grants, and Labor
Completed Milestones
3/94 RCRA Solid Waste Section evaluated existing grants for achievement of
eight percent fair share minimum.
Contacts
Cindy Wakat, (312) 886-7338
Jennifer Manville, (312) 886-7599
Action Item
Incorporate environmental justice language into grants and cooperative agree-
ments.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
The Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OS WER) has been working with
the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) to develop health
and safety training for environmental justice communities. The NIEHS Superfund
Worker Training Program has provided safety and health training to over 400,000
workers in high risk occupations during the past seven years through extramural coop-
erative agreements with unions, universities, and community colleges.
In October 1994, NIEHS issued a Request for Applications (RFA) to solicit grant ap-
plications to support partnerships in establishing a new minority worker training pi-
lots. The training pilots will focus on supporting the inclusion of young people of
color in environmental restoration activities. In January 1995, EPA and NIEHS held a
technical workshop in Cleveland, Ohio, to examine model programs for training young
residents of minority communities for employment in environmental restoration
projects. The Region received applications for these pilot projects in February 1995.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Issued RFA.
1/95 Conducted a technical workshop with NIEHS in Cleveland, Ohio.
2/95 Received pilot applications.
Contact
Jim Maas, (202) 260-8927
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ship topic area and the Federal Interagency Cooperation topic area.]
Region 2
Region 2 began activities to target grant funds to encourage groups in low-income
areas to promote recycling and source reduction/pollution prevention. The efforts
include informing low-income community organizations of the availability of limited
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 69
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Federal grant money to promote recycling and source reduction/pollution initiatives.
Region 2 has identified the appropriate community and outreach sources. A meeting
was scheduled and speakers arranged to discuss the benefits of source reduction/recy-
cling, grant program and paperwork requirements, success stories in other communi-
ties, and to respond to questions. Region 2 plans to review the proposals and award the
grants by March 1995.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Identified appropriate community completed outreach sources.
11/94 Met with community target groups in Region 2.
1/95 Prepared a letter of invitation.
3/95 Arranged for meeting and speakers in Region 2.
Contacts
Dit Cheung, (212) 637-4124
Lorraine S. Graves, (212) 637-4099
Action Item
Establish a pilot program to train minority and/or low-income workers in the
hazardous waste cleanup field.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR) is designing a pilot pro-
gram to provide training to minorities and low-income residents in the hazardous waste
cleanup field. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the CERCLA topic
area.]
Contact
Suzanne Wells, (703) 603-8863
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Federal Interagency
Cooperation
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Federal Interagency Cooperation
Federal Interagency Cooperation
Develop pilot projects with other Federal agencies to address environmental justice concerns 75
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response..... 75
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 75
Region! 75
Region 6 76
Region? 76
Region 10 76
Increase and improve coordination between Federal agencies to avoid duplication
of efforts and ensure coordination on environmental justice issues 77
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 77
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 77
Office of Solid Waste 77
Region 2 77
Region 6 77
Region? 78
Region 10 78
Explore other means of cooperation with other Federal agencies 79
Region 9 79
Region 10 80
Incorporate environmental justice in Federal facilities priority setting
and stakeholder involvement 80
Region 9 80
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Federal Interagency Cooperation
Topic Area: Federal Interagency Cooperation
Action Item
Develop pilot projects with other Federal agencies to address environmental
justice concerns.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
In the summer of 1994, EPA requested assistance from the Public Health Service (PHS)
to respond to the health concerns of communities living near hazardous waste sites.
[Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the Health, Cumulative Risk, Syner-
gistic Effects, and Multiple Pathways topic area.]
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR) is designing a pilot pro-
gram to provide training to minorities and low-income residents in the hazardous waste
cleanup field.
OERR is also working with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD),
to develop a list of Superfund sites with low-income or minority housing that may be
eligible for HUD Lead Abatement grants.
[Note: More detail on these entries is reported under the Comprehensive Environmen-
tal Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) topic area.]
Region 2 ___
Region 2 has identified certain Federal agencies as important resources in addressing
environmental justice concerns. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Regis-
try (ATSDR) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) are targeted for providing
regional assistance in identifying health effects and cumulative disproportionate im-
pacts on local populations. Accordingly, CDC and Region 2 have teamed in a pilot
program to study the possible relationship between air pollution and asthma in the
Catano area of Puerto Rico. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence and
severity of asthma among school-aged children, to obtain baseline measures, and to
develop a framework for future research.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Piloted a survey instrument in a local Puerto Rican school.
11/94 Administered the questionnaire in all area schools.
1/95 Initiated analysis of data.
Contact
Mario Stance, (212) 637-4018
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Region 6
Region 6 and the City of New Orleans, Louisiana, developed and organized a pilot
project to bring together several Federal agencies, EPA prime contractors, and training
vendors and providers. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the Con-
tracts, Grants, and Labor topic area.]
Region 7
Region 7, in cooperation with ATSDR, identified two Superfund sites where Region 7
will join in pilot efforts with other agencies to address environmental justice concerns.
The health concerns and issues in areas around the Superfund sites will be addressed in
partnership with the PHS and Health and Human Services (HHS). The sites are
Oronogo-Duenweg, located in Jasper County, Missouri; and Cherokee County, a site
in Kansas. On December 20, 1994, the Regional Administrator met with ATSDR,
Regional Administrators for PHS and HHS, and local representatives from the Depart-
ment of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The purpose of the meeting was to
establish working relationships with these agencies working at the Jasper County and
the Cherokee County sites, and to determine the interest in participation by these agen-
cies in an environmental justice forum scheduled for later in fiscal year 1995.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Identified sites where ATSDR is addressing health concerns.
12/94 Identified affected Federal agencies.
12/94 Drafted correspondence to agencies introducing pilot program and
requesting participation.
12/94 Met with representatives from PHS, HHS, and HUD.
Contact
Mike Sanderson, (913) 551-7664
Region 1O
Region lO's Hazardous Waste Division (HWD) participated in an interagency educa-
tion and outreach training for the new EPA-Alaska AmeriCorp volunteers. Training
was provided by key personnel of Native Alaskan organizations, the Alaska education
system, the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, and EPA. Thirteen of
the fifteen trainees were Native Alaskans representing their own villages. The EPA-
Alaska AmeriCorps project, which includes at least 15 different locations throughout
Alaska, targets volunteer action to identify and resolve solid/hazardous waste and water
issues at the local level. Region 10 will provide technical assistance on an as-needed
basis.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Trained AmeriCorp volunteers.
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Federal Interagency Cooperation
Contact
Fran Stefan, (206) 553-6639
Action Item
Increase and improve coordination between Federal agencies to avoid duplica-
tion of efforts and ensure coordination on environmental justice issues.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
The Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OS WER) has been working with
the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) to develop health
and safety training for communities with environmental justice concerns. [Note: More
detail on this entry is reported under Contracts, Grants, and Labor topic area. This
entry is also reported in the Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships topic area.]
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
The Office of Underground Storage Tanks (OUST) signed an interagency agreement
(IAG) with the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and transferred $15,000 from the LUST
Trust Fund to BIA's Yakima Agency. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported in
the Underground Storage Tank (UST) topic area.]
Office of Solid Waste
The Office of Solid Waste (OSW) and ACTION, through an interagency agreement,
placed Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) volunteers in Native Alaskan Vil-
lages to work on solid waste management issues. [Note: More detail on this entry is
reported under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) topic area.]
Region 2
Cooperation among Federal agencies is encouraged in addressing environmental jus-
tice concerns in areas where authority and responsibilities overlap. In Region 2, ATSDR
began a study of the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe to evaluate potential health effects
resulting from exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB). [Note: More detail on
this entry is reported under the Health, Cumulative Risk, Synergistic Effects, and
Multiple Pathways topic area.]
Region 6
To avoid duplication of effort with other Federal agencies, Region 6 participates in the
Region 6 Federal Interagency Cooperation Workgroup. This workgroup meets quar-
terly to discuss ways to deliver meaningful assistance to Region 6 Tribes and avoid
duplication of effort on Indian lands among agencies. The agencies participating in
the workgroup include IHS, BIA, and EPA. In addition to the quarterly meetings,
technical consultations occur monthly between the IHS, BIA, and Region 6. Region 6
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 77
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Cross-Cutting Issues
and Headquarters also hosted a conference in January 1995 to promote cooperation
and discuss concerns about solid waste. The conference brought together Tribes from
Region 6, BIA, IHS, and small municipalities to demonstrate the advantages gained by
entering into cooperative agreements, including increasing the populations served and
resulting in a reduction of per capita costs.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Hosted a conference to promote cooperation between Tribes
and municipalities.
Contact
Will Lemmond, (214) 665-6752
In addition, as part of the Superfund Remedial Investigation at the RSR Corporation
(West Dallas Lead) site in Dallas, Texas, Region 6 is working closely with the Dallas
Housing Authority (DHA) and indirectly with HUD to address lead contamination in a
Federally funded housing project (Operable Unit 2). [Note: More detail on this entry
is reported under the CERCLA topic area.]
Region 7
Region 7 is committed to working closely with ATSDR to involve the public in health
issues at hazardous waste sites. Region 7 and ATSDR have begun meeting to explore
ways that they can reach minority and low-income populations to educate them in the
ATSDR petitioning process and about health concerns at hazardous waste sites. Coop-
eration in these activities between ATSDR and Region 7 is ongoing.
Completed Milestones
2/95 Initiated contact with ATSDR to educate and encourage minority and
low-income populations in the use of the petition process.
Contact
Alan Wehmeyer, (913) 551-7336
Region 1O
Region 10 has initiated a large interagency effort to address minority concerns in rural
Alaska. The Region 10 Hazardous Waste Division serves as lead agency for the Fed-
eral Field Workgroup (FFW) to identify and solve severe sanitation issues in rural
Alaska. The interagency group is composed of representatives from Federal agencies
including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; the Departments of Commerce, Educa-
tion, Labor, Transportation, and HUD; Alaska Departments of Community and Re-
gional Affairs, and Environmental Conservation; the Alaska Area Native HealthAsso-
ciation; IHS; BIA; University of Alaska; and other concerned agencies. This inter-
agency group has been successful in assisting communities in obtaining adequate sani-
tation by providing residents with funding to pay salaries for operation and mainte-
nance technicians at the local level. In addition, FFW completed a draft report on
Alaskan rural sanitation in March 1995. The report has been submitted to the Office of
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Federal Interagency Cooperation
Management and Budget {OMB) for final clearance before submission to the U.S.
Congress.
The Region 10 Hazardous Waste Division also began consultations with OSWER,
ATSDR, and Native Alaskans to evaluate minority environmental health issues inAlaska
and the appropriate mechanisms to respond to these needs. Preliminary findings sug-
gest the AlaskaArea Native Health Service (AANHS) can provide screening and treat-
ment services for most cases of exposure to hazardous waste contamination. Coopera-
tion with AAHNS should prevent duplication of screening and treatment efforts by
other agencies.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Contacted ATSDR and OSWER.
1/95 Conferred with the Indian program and ATSDR.
3/95 Submitted a draft report on Alaska rural sanitation to OMB for clearance.
Contacts
Lee Daneker, (206) 553-1380 (Federal Field Workgroup)
Fran Stefan, (206) 553-6639 (Alaska Area Native Health Service)
Action Item
Explore other means of cooperation with other Federal agencies,
Region 9
Region 9 and HHS have agreed to cooperate on providing Federal financial assistance
to a community clinic in an area of Tucson, New Mexico, with environmental justice
concerns, near the Tucson International Airport Area Superfund site. This joint effort
addresses health concerns of people who were exposed to drinking water contami-
nated by trichloroethylene (TCE) and other contaminants from the site. Region 9 and
HHS have held a series of working group meetings with clinic and community repre-
sentatives to outline an implementation plan. In March 1995, HHS announced the
award of a grant of approximately $300,000 to the clinic. To provide citizens in Re-
gion 9 access to information on issues regarding TCE contamination, aTCE Superfund
information library was opened in November 1994. Ongoing activities include monthly
trips by the EPA project manager to Tucson to attend site meetings and report to the
local TCE subcommittee. In addition, EPA plans to conduct tests on the municipal
drinking water supply for the south side of Tucson, Arizona.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Opened the TCE Superfund information library.
3/95 Announced award of the HHS grant at public meeting.
Contact
Craig Cooper, (415) 744-2370
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Also, with the support and cooperation of BIA and Arizona Department of Environ-
mental Quality (ADEQ), Region 9 has agreed to implement a soil sampling project in
a wash located within the Tohono o'odham Indian Nation. A meeting is planned for
April 1995 to brief the San Xavier District Council on the project. In addition, a soil
sampling agreement will be signed in May 1995. Signing of an access agreement is
planned for June 1995, allowing the project to begin in July 1995.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Met with BIA, EPA, and ADEQ to initiate the project.
2/95 Project planning meeting held with BIA, Region 9, and ADEQ.
3/95 Project planning meeting held with BIA, Region 9, and ADEQ.
Contact
Craig Cooper, (415) 744-2370
Region 1O
Region lO's Water and HWD have jointly funded the Rural Alaska Sanitation Coali-
tion (RASC), which is composed of representatives from Native Alaskan health and
social organizations. The RASC discusses key sanitation issues confronting rural
Alaska, such as solid waste. The HWD plans to prepare a solid waste interagency
workshop for the RASC meeting in April 1995.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Funded RASC.
Contact
Fran Stefan, (206) 553-6639
Action Item
Incorporate environmental justice in Federal facilities priority setting and stake-
holder involvement.
Region 9
An EPA Region 9 staff member co-chairs and serves as the EPA liaison to the Environ-
mental Clean-up and Restoration Committee of the East Bay Conservation and Rein-
vestment Commission. Membership of this committee includes State and Federal regu-
lators, military personnel, community residents, environmentalists, displaced work-
ers, lawyers, bankers, consultants, natural resource trustees, and minority business
enterprise representatives. A major effort of the committee during the first two quar-
ters of fiscal year 1995 has been to develop environmental principles of re-use and
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Federal Interagency Cooperation
consensus on cleanup standards. One of these principles directly addresses environ-
mental justice and others address related issues, such as employment of community
members in the clean-up process. Consensus on the principles was reached at the last
meeting in February 1995 and will now go to the full commission for approval.
Completed Milestones:
2/95 Reached a consensus on cleanup standards.
Contact
Nancy Nadel, (415) 744-2043
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Native American/
Tribal Issues
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Native American/Tribal Issues
Native American/Tribal Issues
Provide technical assistance and resources for Indian Tribes and Native Americans 87
Office of Solid Waste 87
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 87
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 87
Region 2 88
Region 4 88
Regions 88
Region 6 89
Region 7 90
Regions 91
Region 9 91
Region 10 91
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Native American/Tribal Issues
Topic Area: Native American/Tribal Issues
Action Item
Provide technical assistance and resources for Indian Tribes and Native Ameri-
cans.
Office of Solid Waste
The Office of Solid Waste (OSW) is providing technical assistance and additional
resources to Indian Tribes and Native Americans through the following activities:
• OSW appropriated a fiscal year 1994 budget of $505,000 to provide technical
assistance for Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) activities on In-
dian lands;
• OSW has been supporting the development of IndianNet, an electronic bulletin
board that provides information and news on Indian issues;
• OSW and the Regions formed a workgroup to develop a proposed rule that would
provide Tribes an opportunity for RCRA Subtitle C (hazardous waste) authoriza-
tion;
• OSW sponsored the Second National Tribal Conference on Environmental Man-
agement in fiscal year 1994;
• OSW's Indian Programs Manager is a member of the Interagency Task Force that
meets to exchange information on environmental issues relating to Tribes and OSW
provided grant funds to Regions 8, 9, and 10 to promote interagency cooperation,
and
• OSW joined together with ACTION, the Corporation for National Service, and
Native Alaskan non-profit regional corporations to place Volunteers in Service to
America (VISTA) and AmeriCorps volunteers in Native Alaskan villages to work
on solid waste management issues.
[Note: More detail on these entries is reported under the RCRA topic area.]
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
The Office of Underground Storage Tanks (OUST) requested Congressional authority
to give Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) Trust Fund monies to Indian Tribes.
[Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the Underground Storage Tank
(UST) topic area.]
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response's (OERR) Superfund Tribal Involve-
ment Program continues to work with Native Americans to involve them in the Super-
fund cleanup process more effectively. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported
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Cross-Cutting Issues Geographic: Information Systems (GIS)
under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA) topic area.]
Region 2
Region 2 is providing technical assistance to Indian Tribes for the management of
solid waste and USTs and is identifying the appropriate mechanisms for multi-media
environmental management program support to Indian Tribes. [Note: More detail on
this entry is reported under the UST topic area.]
Region 4
Region 4 is providing technical assistance to Indian Tribes for the RCRA Subtitle D
(solid waste) program and initiated a program to provide funds and technical assis-
tance for solid waste disposal. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the
RCRA topic area.]
Region 5
The Region 5 RCRA Environmental Justice Coordinator participated in a national
workgroup to make Tribes eligible to receive section 3011 grants and also participates
in a subcommittee to establish funding criteria for Tribes.
Also, the RCRA Subtitle D program awarded four additional solid waste grants to
Indian Tribes, including amending the Michigan Inter-Tribal Council's grant to pro-
vide additional funding for community recycling education at the Sagninaw-Chippewa
Reservation.
To continue its ongoing efforts to maintain lines of communication between appropri-
ate Federal agencies and to better coordinate solid waste projects, the Solid Waste
Tribal Coordinator participated in meetings of the Federal Tribal Solid Waste Task
Force, reviewed and commented on the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) draft priority
ranking system for solid waste projects, and participated in conference calls for the
Federal Tribal Solid Waste Task Force. The Solid Waste Tribal Coordinator also com-
pleted a Federal solid waste strategy which summarized Tribal solid waste needs, Fed-
eral funding sources, and Federal technical assistance sources and recommended ac-
tions for Federal agencies in 1994.
Completed Milestones
2-9/94 Attended Federal Solid Waste Task Force meetings.
Contacts
Margaret Millard, (313) 353-1440 (RCRA-C)
Jennifer Manville, (312) 886-7599 (RCRA-D and Solid Waste Tribal Coordinator)
[Note: Parts of this entry are also reported under the RCRA topic area.]
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Native American/Tribal Issues
Region 6
Region 6 is providing technical assistance to Indian Tribes for the RCRA Subtitle D
(solid waste) program and has provided more than 23 percent of all grant funds to
Indian Tribes for pilot projects to help start effective solid waste management on In-
dian lands. In January 1995, Region 6 and Headquarters hosted a "regionalization"
conference in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to promote cooperation between Indians
and non-Indians in addressing solid waste disposal concerns. Region 6 invited all
Tribes and small municipalities in New Mexico. The purpose of the conference was to
demonstrate the advantages gained by entering into cooperative agreements (CAs)
between Tribes and municipalities because CAs can potentially increase populations
served and reduce per capita costs. The Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma also submitted
draft copies of its environmental laws, solid waste disposal facility regulations, and
solid waste management plans to Region 6 for review and comment.
Completed Milestones
2/94 Cherokee Nation submitted draft of environmental laws and regulations
to Region 6.
1/95 Held "Regionalization" conference.
Contact
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
In addition, the Region 6 OUST provided technical assistance to the Santa Clara In-
dian Pueblo in Espanola, New Mexico. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported
under the UST topic area.]
In another initiative, Region 6 is identifying a non-National Priorities List (NPL) site
on or affecting Tribal lands as a pilot site for the Technical Outreach Services for
Communities (TOSC) program. This program is part of a Headquarters grant to the
Hazardous Substance Research Center - South & Southwest (HSRC-S&SW) at Geor-
gia Technical University. TOSC staff from HSRC-S&SW met with the Pueblo Office
of Environmental Protection (POEP) and agreed to support a technical assistance and
outreach effort for the Tribal community affected by contamination from the closed
Taos, New Mexico, Landfill. After the new All-Pueblo Council elected its governing
body in January 1995, the POEP introduced TOSC staff to the Council and requested
the Council's approval of the proposed technical assistance and outreach effort. The
Council approved the TOSC outreach effort and TOSC began providing technical
assistance to POEP in its communication and outreach efforts.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Selected TOSC pilot.
10/94 Implemented TOSC outreach program.
1/95 Met with the All-Pueblo Council.
1/95 Received council approval for POEP outreach.
2/95 Began providing technical assistance to POEP.
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Contact
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
Region 6 also has established a multi-media workgroup that specifically focuses on
funding Native American environmental programs through EPA grants. The workgroup
meets weekly and is instrumental in focusing Region 6 efforts to improve Tribal envi-
ronmental protection, to take primary responsibility for the oversight of the Region's
Indian programs, and to ensure consistency and timeliness in implementation. The
workgroup reviews Regional efforts to build response capacity in Tribes for address-
ing environmental issues and to ensure timely funding of cooperative agreements be-
tween the Region and the Tribes.
Region 6 also negotiated the Inter-Tribal Environmental Council of Oklahoma Coop-
erative Agreement, a program classified as a minority business enterprise accomplish-
ment.
Completed Milestones
7/94 Established multi-media workgroup.
9/94 Negotiated Inter-Tribal Environmental Council of Oklahoma cooperative
agreement.
Contact
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
Region 7
Region 7 has initiated the following activities to ensure that its programs provide tech-
nical and financial assistance to Indian Tribes:
• Implementing general assistance agreements with each Tribe to address solid waste
and UST/LUST activities;
• Providing assistance to address dump closing, and the closure and removal of
USTs;
• Reviewing environmental codes and ordinances submitted by the Omaha, Santee
Sioux, and Winnebago Tribes to ensure that they include solid waste requirements;
• Assisting Tribes in applying for education grants to fund and conduct household
hazardous waste education, and
• Assisting Tribes in applying for pollution prevention environmental justice finan-
cial assistance grants.
Region 7 is also working with the BIA and Indian Health Services (IHS) to provide
technical and financial assistance to the Tribes through interagency agreements (lAGs)
and by providing funds for a circuit rider to assist Tribes with solid waste, hazardous
waste, and UST issues. Region 7 funded the Tribal circuit rider position using solid
waste and UST/LUST funding for fiscal year 1995. Region 7 is also adding funds to
the BIA/EPA interagency agreement to support the attendance and participation of
Tribal personnel at environmental meetings, training, and conferences.
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Native American/Tribal Issues
Completed Milestones
1/95 Funded circuit rider to assist Tribes.
Contact
Althea Moses, (913) 551-7649
Region 8
Region 8 assisted State and Tribal enforcement programs in complying with UST leak
detection requirements by taking direct Federal action both on and off Indian lands.
[Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the UST topic area.]
Region 9
Region 9 organized two workgroups primarily comprised of representatives from BIA
and Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). One of the workgroups ad-
dresses Tribal solid waste concerns in California and the other addresses the same
concerns in Nevada and Arizona. The Nevada/Arizona workgroup also has Tribal
representation form the Inter-Tribal Councils of Nevada and Arizona. The purpose of
these two workgroups is to exchange information and target Tribes to receive assis-
tance.
Completed Milestones
10/94 California workgroup selected top 10 sites.
11/94 Conducted workgroup meeting.
2/95 Conducted workgroup meeting.
3/95 Conducted workgroup meeting.
Contact
Rebecca Jamison, (415) 744-2098
Region 1O
Region 10 is providing technical assistance and additional resources to Indian Tribes
and Native Americans through the following activities:
• Region 10's Indian Coordinator assisted Tribes in organizing conferences on envi-
ronmental issues;
• The RCRA program provided $15,000 in scholarship funds for Tribes to attend the
National Recycling Congress;
• Region 10 is using Senior Environmental Employee circuit riders to conduct out-
reach and technical assistance to Tribes and Native Alaskan villages;
• The Region's solid waste circuit rider is working with the Nooksack, Coeur d'Alene,
and other Tribes to investigate their complaints about old dumps and/or illegal
dumps;
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Cross-Cutting Issues
• The Region is implementing a Solid Waste Network that is composed of represen-
tatives from various Federal agencies;
• Region 10 established a Native Alaskan Villager workgroup to provide technical
assistance and coordinate policy issues, concerns, and responses related to multi-
media issues;
• The RCRA Solid Waste Program has continued to provide Regional input and
oversight for three Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) volunteers placed in
rural Alaska;
• The RCRA program supports Alaskan waste management through several grant-
funded programs including a $116,000 multi-year grant to the Chugachmiut orga-
nization to design a model for managing household hazardous waste in rural Alaska;
and
• The Indian Coordinator and Region 10 Executive Team established a number of
new positions with the goal of improving delivery of services, outreach, grant
management, and technical assistance to Tribes.
[Note: More detail on these entries is reported under the RCRA topic area.]
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Cross-Cutting Issues
Internal Training, Organization,
and Program Implementation
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Internal Training, Organization, and Program Implementation
Internal Training, Organization, and Program Implementation
Establish a centralized focal point and coordinator for environmental justice issues 97
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 97
Develop OSWER environmental justice strategy as part of EPA response
to Executive Order 12898 97
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response 97
Revise and expand environmental justice training module 98
Technology Innovation Office 98
Develop training to educate OSWER Headquarters and waste program personnel and
increase awareness of environmental justice issues 99
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 99
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 99
Region 1 100
Region 2 100
Regions 101
Region 4 101
RegionS 101
Region 6 102
Region 7 102
RegionS 102
Region 9 103
Region 10 103
Develop creative pilots for addressing environmental justice concerns
in specific geographic areas 103
Region 2 103
Region 4 104
RegionS 105
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Internal Training, Organization, and Program Implementation
Topic Area: Internal Training, Organization,
and Program Implementation
Action Item
Establish a centralized focal point and coordinator for environmental justice
issues.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
The Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) formed a steering com-
mittee to oversee progress toward implementing environmental justice in waste-re-
lated programs and to resolve major issues that occur during implementation of the
recommendations contained in the "OSWER Environmental Justice Task Force Draft
Final Report." The steering committee is chaired by the Deputy Assistant Administra-
tor for OSWER and is composed of senior managers and experienced staff from each
OSWER program office. These offices include the Office of Emergency and Reme-
dial Response (OERR or Superf und), the Office of Solid Waste, the Office of Under-
ground Storage Tanks (OUST), the Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Preven-
tion Office, the Technology Innovation Office, the Federal Facilities Restoration and
Reuse Office, and the two "lead" Regions who help coordinate Regional issues. The
steering committee has been meeting every month since June 1994.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Initiated monthly steering committee meetings.
Contact
Timothy D. Mott, (202) 260-2447
Action Item
Develop OSWER environmental justice strategy as part of EPA response to
Executive Order 12898.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
The "OSWER Environmental Justice Action Agenda" provides a concise summary of
OSWER's current strategy and describes an implementation process for ensuring that
major environmental justice issues continue to be recognized and addressed. The
Agenda represents OSWER's commitment to implement the objectives of Executive
Order 12898. Implementation plans written by the OSWER program offices and the
ten Regional offices are an integral part of the "OSWER Environmental Justice Action
Agenda."
The action agenda follows two previously published documents, the "OSWER Envi-
ronmental Justice Task Force Draft Final Report" and its separate executive summary
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 97
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Cross-Cutting Issues
document. These reports were published on April 25, 1994, in final draft form and
were distributed for final comment. In distribution of these reports, EPA wanted to
provide the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council (NEJAC) with the op-
portunity to comment and influence the final strategy.
Completed Milestones
11/93 Directed formation of the OSWER Environmental Justice Task Force.
1-4/94 Conducted a series of outreach meetings inside and outside the Agency,
and issued a draft task force report for public comment.
4/94 Released "OSWER Environmental Justice Task Force Draft Final Report"
at a press and stakeholders briefing.
4/94 Worked to implement recommendation as requested by the
OSWER Assistant Administrator.
5/94 Requested review of the "OSWER Environmental Justice Task Force Draft
Final Report" by the NEJAC Waste and Facility Siting Subcommittee.
1/95 Endorsement of a Ten Point Implementation Framework for the OSWER
Strategy by the NEJAC subcommittee.
5/95 Assistant Administrator signed "OSWER Environmental Justice Action
Agenda."
Contact
Jim Maas, (202) 260-8927
Action Item
Revise and expand environmental justice training module.
Technology Innovation Office
The Technology Innovation Office (TIO) developed an environmental justice training
module to educate all new On-Scene Coordinators, Remedial Project Managers, and
Site Assessment Managers who interact with citizens and communities.
To design the new training module, TIO and OERR collected and evaluated the fol-
lowing materials from the Office of Environmental Justice. (OEJ): video presentations,
case study exercises, flyers, and other publications on environmental justice. The
module was drafted in 1994 and distributed in January 1995 throughout OERR and
OEJ for review and comments. The comments are due back in March 1995. After
review, the comments will be incorporated, and the final module will be distributed for
inclusion in the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liabil-
ity (CERCLA) Education Center training courses.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Completed design of draft module.
1/95 Distributed draft module for review.
98 —Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Internal Training, Organization, and Program Implementation
Contacts
Naomie Smith, (703) 308-8848
Ann Eleanor, (703) 308-8826
Peter Redmond, (703) 603-8751
Action Item
Develop training to educate OSWER Headquarters and waste program
personnel and increase awareness of environmental justice issues.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR) implemented several train-
ing efforts to increase staff awareness of environmental justice issues and concerns. In
September 1994, OERR completed a local government reimbursement module for
Indian Tribes as part of first responders training course. OERR has also drafted a new
training module on environmental justice for its community relations training. The
new module is currently under review. At the March 1995 Community Involvement
Conference, which was attended by community relations staff from all ten Regions, a
morning session focused on environmental justice issues. Dr. Bob Bullard, a renown
professional in the field of environmental justice, presented an overview of environ-
mental justice during the session. Dr. Bullard presented a similar session to Headquar-
ters staff in April 1995.
Completed Milestones
9/94 As part of first responders training, OERR completed a local government
reimbursement module for Indian Tribes.
2/95 Drafted new training module on environmental justice for community
relations staff.
3/95 Conducted Community Involvement Conference.
4/95 Dr. Bullard made a presentation to Headquarters staff.
Contact
Rafael Gonzalez, (703) 603-8892
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
In an effort to educate personnel on environmental justice issues, OUST issued a memo-
randum to inform staff of UST environmental issues that affect environmental justice.
In September 1994, OUST designated the chief of the Communications and Program
Management Branch as the organizational contact for environmental issues within
OUST, however, the responsibility was recently transferred to the Regulatory Analysis
Branch Chief.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 99
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Completed Milestones
6/94 Sent memorandum to OUST staff on environmental justice.
9/94 Designated an organizational contact for environmental justice issues within
OUST training.
Contact
Sammy Ng, (703) 308-8882
Region 1
Region I continued to work with the New England Environmental Justice Council to
ensure effective coordination on environmental justice within the Region and provide
a central contact for external stakeholders. The council, comprised of the Leadership
Team members and staff from each program, worked in coordination with the Region's
Office of Civil Rights and Urban Affairs and the Training Office, to develop training
for EPA Region I employees in environmental justice. Training is scheduled to take
place this fiscal year.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Initiated development of environmental justice training modules.
3/95 Completed development of environmental justice training modules.
3/95 Held two test pilot training sessions.
Contacts
Stephanie Carr, (617) 565-3390
Rhona Julian, (617) 565-9454
Region 2
To increase environmental justice awareness, Region 2 drafted an environmental jus-
tice training plan for Regional staff and management. This training instructs managers
on how to consider environmental justice in developing policy, and provides staff with
the necessary tools to incorporate environmental justice into daily work activities.
Implementation of the plan is scheduled for summer 1995.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Regional Administrator accepted training plan.
Contact
Melva Hayden, (212) 637-5027
100 —Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Internal Training, Organization, and Program Implementation
Region 3
Region 3's Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Training Group and
management personnel are developing training modules to provide RCRA staff with a
common understanding of environmental justice issues. In addition, the training de-
lineates expectations for incorporating environmental justice into the RCRA program.
The group is also developing training sessions that target process modifications at the
staff level to integrate environmental justice into daily work activities.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Initiated kick-off meeting for preparation of the RCRA environmental
justice training.
Contact
Harry Daw, (215)597-3177
Region 4
Region 4 reviewed Headquarters' environmental justice training modules and deliv-
ered its comments in March 1995. The Community Relations Coordinator is currently
developing environmental justice training modules for the Region. Region 4 will be-
gin conducting local training courses in April 1995.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Reviewed and commented on Headquarters' environmental justice
training modules.
Contact
Eddie Wright, (404) 347-3555 (voice mailbox 6310)
Region 5
Region 5's RCRA and Superfund Environmental Justice Training Coordinators worked
in partnership with the Division Training Officer and the OSWER Training Forum to
develop a division-wide workshop on environmental justice. The Environmental Jus-
tice Workshop was conducted twice a week for RCRA staff from February 21, 1995,
through March 23,1995. Several topics were discussed during the training, including
the history and definition of environmental justice; how to identify sites with environ-
mental justice concerns; using geographic information systems; how environmental
justice is incorporated into the OSWER strategic and implementation plan; and how
environmental justice applies to the various RCRA program elements. The workshop
for Superfund staff also will be presented in April 1995.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Developed Environmental Justice Workshop.
2/95 Conducted first Environmental Justice Workshop for RCRA staff.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 101
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Contacts
Margaret Millard, (312) 353-1440
Karla Johnson, (312) 886-5993
Region 6
The Region 6 Environmental Justice Workgroup developed a one-day training session
on environmental justice for Region 6 staff. The goal of the training session is to
increase sensitivity to environmental justice and to network with other EPA programs
to speed "culturalization" of environmental justice into daily work. The training ses-
sion introduced the concept of environmental justice, highlighted Regional environ-
mental justice activities, and provided an overview of the "OSWER Environmental
Justice Task Force Draft Final Report" and the corresponding "Region 6 Environmen-
tal Justice Implementation Plan." Region 6 will further develop the training session to
incorporate specific environmental justice action items and provide an overview of
"lessons learned."
Completed Milestones
8/94 Developed first round of Regional environmental justice training.
Contact
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
Region 7
Region 7 developed diversity awareness training to assist staff in recognizing and
appreciating diverse cultures as a foundation for assuring environmental justice. The
Region's diversity awareness training is interactive and encourages staff to express
their questions and concerns about environmental justice and its impact on their re-
sponsibilities. Region 7 also invited Headquarters management to the Region to dis-
cuss environmental justice awareness with the staff. Presentation of the diversity aware-
ness training is ongoing,
Contact
Gayle Padgett, (913) 551-7914
Region 8
Region 8's RCRAand Superfund Environmental Justice Training Coordinators worked
in partnership with the Regional Environmental Justice Workgroup and the OSWER
Training Forum to develop a region-wide training curriculum on environmental jus-
tice. The Region conducted eight two-hour sessions on environmental justice issues
and concerns. The training sessions have received positive feedback, and the Region
plans to follow this training with more advanced and comprehensive training in the
near future.
102 —Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Internal Training, Organization, and Program Implementation
Completed Milestones
3/95 Completed eight environmental justice training sessions.
Contact
Armando Saenz, (303) 293-1532
Region 9
Region 9 developed a project plan for environmental justice training and is working to
develop a detailed outline for environmental justice orientations. The Region also
plans to invite speakers from academia, organizations, and communities to increase
staff awareness about environmental justice concerns that should be considered in
their daily activities.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Developed project plan for Regional environmental justice training.
Contact
Dianna Young, (415) 744-2178
Region 1O
Region 10 has received the Headquarter's Office of Environmental Justice training
modules and has begun tailoring the training module to meet Regional needs and envi-
ronmental justice concerns. The training will consist of formal presentations, infor-
mal and educational panel discussions, and guest speakers. The Region's Environ-
mental Justice Network has drafted a strategy for providing the panel discussions and
guest speakers. Regional training and a panel discussion have been scheduled for sum-
mer 1995.
Completed Milestones
Fall 1994 Drafted strategy for panel discussions and guest speakers.
Contact
Joyce Kelly, (206) 553-4029
Action Item
Develop creative pilots for addressing environmental justice concerns in spe-
cific geographic areas.
Region 2
Region 2 has focused its RCRA inspections and enforcement efforts on environmental
justice concern areas, including Newark and Camden, New Jersey, and Greenpoint and
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 103
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Cross-Cutting Issues
Williamsburg, New York. [Note: More detail on this entry is reported under the RCRA
topic area.]
Region 4
Region 4 is conducting an environmental justice pilot in the City of Tifton, Georgia, to
explore options for addressing the environmental problems associated with the area,
including securing community involvement in decision making and forming partner-
ships with local. State, and private organizations. Tifton has a high concentration of
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, Liability Act Information
System (CERCLIS) sites and RCRA facilities in low-income and minority communi-
ties. Region 4 has identified the CERCLIS sites, RCRA facilities, and Superfund
National Priorities List (NPL) sites in the area, and taken the following actions:
• EPA met with State and local officials and held a public meeting to introduce the
initiative and provide an update on activities at the identified sites;
• Region 4 hired a community liaison to assist in community relations and coordina-
tion;
• EPA held a public meeting on the proposed cleanup remedy for the Marsone NPL
Site in Tifton and a final decision on the remedy was made in September 1994;
• Region 4 completed the removal activities at the So-Green Site and the Golden
Seed Site in Tifton; and
• EPA held a public meeting to present the plan for neighborhood sampling efforts
and, in March 1995. EPA completed the field activities for the effort. This sam-
pling effort was completed in cooperation with ATSDR to determine the pollutants
to which the neighborhood could be exposed. The effort encompassed approxi-
mately a one-mile area neat the Marsone and So-Green/Parramore Sites. The
Region expects to present the results of this sampling in summer 1995.
Completed Milestones
1/94 Held a public meeting to introduce the Tifton project.
6/94 Hired a community liaison.
7/94 Held a public meeting on the remedy for the Marsone NPL Site.
9/94 Made a decision on the remedy for the Marsone NPL Site.
9/94 Completed removal action at the So-Green Site.
10/94 Completed removal action at the Golden Seed Site.
2/95 Held public meeting to discuss plan for neighborhood sampling effort.
3/95 Completed field work for neighborhood sampling effort.
Contacts
JoAnn Benante, (404) 347-3555 x6234
Betty Winter, (404) 347-3555 x6264
104 —Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Internal Training, Organization, and Program Implementation
Region 5
Region 5's RCRA staff, working in partnership with the Office of Public Affairs' En-
vironmental Education Specialist, is developing a pilot project to provide a two-week
summer training course for teachers in the southeast Chicago area to address environ-
mental justice concerns. The training will cover environmental justice issues, multi-
media environmental topics, and the southeast Chicago Initiative. Region 5 issued a
request for proposals to solicit a host university for the training course and selected
Chicago State University, a teacher's college with a predominately African-American
student body. The Region will be awarding a grant to the university for its support.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Issued a request for proposals.
3/95 Selected Chicago State University as the host university.
Contact
Suzanne Saric, (312) 353-3209
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Waste Programs
Environmental Justice
Program-Specific Issues
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Program-Specific Issues
Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA)
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 109
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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Siting of new facilities—Evaluate location standards, environmental justice issues, and
setback distances and develop guidance to provide technical assistance to State, Tribal, and
local governments 113
Office of Solid Waste 113
Incorporate environmental justice priorities into annual RCRA Implementation Plan 114
Office of Solid Waste 114
Siting of new facilities—Craft a grant condition to State grant agreements to require
States to consider environmental justice concerns when making siting decisions based
on protecting human health and the environment 114
Region 1 114
Region 3 115
RegionS 115
Region 6 116
Region 7 116
RCRA Permits—Establish strategy to respond effectively to all environmental justice issues
raising health-related concerns 117
Regions 117
Region 6 118
RCRA Public Involvement—Develop methods to expand public involvement in siting and
permitting, and increase efforts (resources) committed to public involvement 118
Office of Solid Waste 118
Region 2 119
RegionS 121
RegionS 121
Region 6 122
Region 7 122
Region 10 123
RCRA Corrective Action—Examine whether priority-setting method adequately considers
environmental justice concerns and ensure that activities are consistent with Superfund
program policies 123
Office of Solid Waste 123
Region 1 124
Region 2 124
RegionS 125
Region 4 125
Region 6 125
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 111
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Program-Specific issues
Region? 126
Region 9 126
Utilize the geographic information system in RCRA 126
Office of Solid Waste 126
Region 2 127
Disproportionate impacts research -Perform demographics analysis around combustion
facilities 127
Region5 127
Region? 128
RCRA Tribal implementation issues—Accelerate efforts to develop draft rule for Subtitle C
hazardous waste authorization to tribes 128
Office of Solid Waste 128
Region 5 128
RCRA Tribal implementation issues—Expand the VISTA program to provide assistance to
Native Alaskan Villages on solid waste management issues 129
Office of Solid Waste 129
RCRA Tribal implementation issues—Enhance training and outreach activities, seek to
leverage resouices, and coordinate environmental activities among Federal agencies 130
Office of Solid Waste 130
Region *\ ,, 131
Region 5 132
Region 6 133
Region 10 133
RCRA Enforcement—Ensure the consideration of environmental justice in RCRA
enforcement activities 136
Region 1 , 136
Region 2 137
Region 3 , , , 138
Region5 139
Region? , 139
Region 9 139
Address environmental justice issues associated with RCRA Subtitle D (Solid Waste) 140
Region 1 140
Regions 140
112 — Waste Piogr-Mns Qtviromnnn'"! ,li>~>»" /vyompljslimenfs Ftepnit
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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Topic Area: Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act
Action Item
Siting of new facilities—Evaluate location standards, environmental justice is-
sues, and setback distances and develop guidance to provide technical assis-
tance to State, Tribal, and local governments.
Office of Solid Waste
The Office of Solid Waste (OSW) formed the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act (RCRA) Siting Workgroup to review policy options related to siting of RCRA
facilities. The workgroup, composed of representatives of various Office of Solid
Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) offices, Headquarters media program of-
fices (e.g., air, toxics), other Headquarters offices (e.g., Office of General Counsel
(OGC), Office of Research and Development (ORD), Office of Environmental Justice
(OEJ)), and the Regional offices, held five meetings between April 1994 and April
1995 to evaluate technical issues related to the potential risk in various geographic
locations as well as environmental justice issues raised about RCRA facility siting.
The workgroup also met with State officials and members of the National Environ-
mental Justice Advisory Council (NEJAC) to discuss environmental justice concerns
and potential solutions.
The Workgroup presented its initial findings and proposed action plan to the Assistant
Administrator of OSWER (AA/OSWER). The workgroup gave special consideration
to plans for developing technical assistance guidance for State, local, and Tribal gov-
ernments and developing a national summary of existing State, local, and Tribal siting
requirements. Based on the response of the AA/OSWER, OSW will implement and,
as appropriate, revise its proposed follow-up actions.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Formed RCRA Siting Workgroup.
8/94 Presented draft workgroup report to the AA/OSWER.
9/94 Held AA/OSWER briefing.
11/94 Formed Location Standards Workgroup.
1/95 Prepared Siting Workgroup Plan.
1/95 Held siting discussions with the NEJAC
1/95 Held siting discussions with the National Solid Waste Management
Association.
2/95 Held OSWER meeting.
Contact
Vernon Myers, (703) 308-8660
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 113
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Program-Specific issues
Action Item
Incorporate environmental justice priorities into annual RCRA Implementation
Plan.
Office of Solid Waste
For the first time, OSW incorporated an environmental justice section into the RCRA
Implementation Plan (RIP). The fiscal year 1995 RIP discusses five environmental
justice recommendations from the "OSWER Environmental Justice Task Force Draft
Final Report":
• Identification of geographical areas that raise environmental justice concerns;
• Title VI of the Civil Rights Act;
• Siting of RCRA facilities;
• Public participation in siting and permitting decisions; and
• RCRA corrective action.
The RIP also calls for Regions to develop implementation plans to address the recom-
mendations. OSW plans to further integrate environmental justice concepts into the
RIP for the fiscal year 1996.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Issued fiscal year 1995 RIP Addendum.
Contact
Jeff Tumarkin, (703) 308-8755
Action Item
Siting of new facilities—Craft a grant condition to State grant agreements to
require States to consider environmental justice concerns when making siting
decisions based on protecting human health and the environment.
Region 1
Region I modified the Waste Management Division's (WMD's) guidance to States
applying for Federal grants under RCRA Subtitle C (hazardous waste) to include ref-
erences to environmental justice. The Region added language describing the mandate
for Federal agencies to address environmental justice among minority and low-in-
come populations. The guidance is designed to encourage the States to focus inspec-
tion and enforcement efforts in environmental justice areas and requires States to in-
corporate environmental justice scores for their permitting and closure commitments.
Region I sent the revised RCRA Subtitle C grant guidance to States in the Region, and
all States have addressed environmental justice in their final grant applications.
114 — Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Completed Milestones
5/94 Provided grant guidance incorporating environmental justice to the States.
Contact
Joan Serra, (617) 223-5527
Region 3
Region 3 held discussions with all the States in its jurisdiction about incorporating
environmental justice considerations in their grant workplans. To date, all States in
Region 3 have included various work activities in their grant workplans such as the
identification of environmental justice areas of concern through development and use
of geographical information systems (GIS), the RCRA Information System (RCRIS),
and environmental justice studies. State grant workplans also include developing of
training and resource materials to inform the public and staff about environmental
justice issues.
Completed Milestones
4/94 State program managers developed Regional guidance for States to fol
low in developing fiscal year 1995 workplans.
4/94 Included environmental justice issues as a topic for discussion at the State
directors meeting.
5/94 Sent fiscal year 1995 grant guidance to States.
6/94 Submitted fiscal year 1995 draft workplans.
Contact
Charles (Pete) Bentley, (215) 597-7188
Region 5
During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 1994, Region 5's RCRA program office drafted
a generic grant workplan "State activity" commitment to incorporate environmental
justice. The Region negotiated this commitment with all six Region 5 States and each
of the States included environmental justice as a "State activity" in its fiscal year 1995
grant workplan.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Drafted a generic grant workplan "State activity" commitment to
incorporate environmental justice.
8/94 Negotiated environmental justice "State activity" commitment with all
six Region 5 States.
Contacts
RichTraub, (312) 353-8319
Margaret Millard, (312) 353-1440
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Program-Specific issues
Region 6
To ensure that States consider environmental justice concerns in their environmental
programs, Region 6 established a multi-media Grants Integration Network (GIN)
Workgroup in August 1994 that meets biweekly to monitor Regional grant activity and
to ensure that the themes of environmental justice, pollution prevention, public par-
ticipation, and others are embodied in Regional grants to States. The workgroup was
established in August 1994 and continues to meet to ensure that all Region 6 grants
consider these themes.
Also, Region 6 included environmental justice as a new initiative program element in
its RCRA Section 3011 multi-year grant workplan, which will affect all State RCRA
Subtitle C programs. Region 6 worked with States to identify environmental justice
issues and opportunities to ensure that environmental justice activities are part of State
programs. States in the Region are developing environmental justice strategies, in-
cluding provisions for identifying sites or areas that would most likely raise environ-
mental justice concerns. They are requesting clear guidance from EPA, however, on
their approach. EPA is working closely with States to provide this guidance.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Established the GIN Workgroup in Region 6 (multi-media).
9/94 States began development of environmental justice strategies.
Contacts
William Rhea, (214) 665-6767 (GIN Workgroup)
Ann Zimmerman, (214) 665-8532 (Region/State efforts related to implementation of
the RCRA Section 3011 workplan)
Region 7
Region 7 RCRA mid-level managers met with their State counterparts to discuss envi-
ronmental justice concerns. Based on these discussions, authorized RCRA program
States included sections on environmental justice in their fiscal year 1995 State/EPA
agreement workplans. The workplans also included sections on expanded public par-
ticipation, which will better allow interested groups to provide input on environmental
justice issues or other concerns related to facility siting.
Completed Milestones
7/94 Met with State directors.
10/94 Incorporated environmental justice issues in workplans for State grants
(Kansas—7/94; Missouri—8/94; Nebraska—10/94).
Contact
Wes Bartley, (913) 551-7632
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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Action Item
RCRA Permits—Establish strategy to respond effectively to all environmental
justice issues raising health-related concerns.
Region 5
Region 5's RCRA program office has responded to environmental justice concerns
raised by communities during the permitting process and has developed a procedure
for addressing these concerns. For sites where the public has expressed environmental
justice concerns, the Region has included a discussion of the concerns, along with the
Region's proposed actions in its response to public comments and in the administra-
tive record. During early 1995, the Region formed a workgroup in the RCRA Permits
Branch to examine how environmental justice might be taken into consideration for
every permit action. The workgroup drafted a "permit writer's checklist" to be used as
a screening device. The checklist would be included in the administrative docket and
would be made available to the public as an educational tool. The draft checklist is
currently under internal review.
To date, environmental justice concerns have been raised during permit actions at two
sites in Region 5: the Environmental Enterprises Incorporated (EEI) facility located in
Cincinnati, Ohio, (a RCRA treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) permit renewal),
and the Adams Center Landfill located in Fort Wayne, Indiana (a landfill expansion
permit). Also, the public raised environmental justice issues in a letter not tied to the
permitting process for the Waste Technologies Industries (WTI) incinerator, located in
East Liverpool.
Environmental justice concerns were raised with regard to air emissions from the EEI
facility. As part of the EEI permit renewal process, the Region determined that a risk
analysis for fugitive air emissions from containers and process trains was appropriate
to determine the human health and environmental risks associated with the emissions.
Additionally, the Region, in partnership with the Ohio EPA, will be pursuing enhanced
enforcement, public outreach, and education at this facility.
For the Adams Center Landfill expansion permit, a demographic analysis was com-
pleted and additional public outreach was conducted, including an informal public
meeting, in August 1994, that was attended by concerned constituents, including the
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the Fort Wayne Urban
League, the Fort Wayne Ministerial Alliance, and local citizen groups, to listen to
environmental justice concerns. The Region determined that further risk analysis or
assessment was not appropriate at this time.
A risk assessment is currently underway at the WTI incinerator, as is a demographic
analysis of the surrounding community to identify potential environmental justice con-
cerns.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Formed workgroup to develop standard procedures for integrating
environmental justice into permit decision-making.
12/94 Drafted the "permit writer's checklist."
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Program-Specific issues
12/94 Decided to conduct risk analysis for fugitive air emissions at the EEI
facility as part of the permit renewal process.
12/94 Decided not to conduct further risk analysis and/or assessment at the Adams
Center Landfill.
Contacts
Steve Bouchard, (312) 886-4437 (permitting workgroup, EEI facility)
Harriet Croke, (312) 353-4789 (WTI incinerator)
George Hamper, (312) 886-0987 (permitting workgroup)
Don Heller, (312) 353-1248 (Adams Center Landfill)
Region 6
Region 6, RCRA Permits Branch developed a communication strategy for coordinat-
ing with other Regional and Headquarters offices on environmental justice issues re-
garding health or Civil Rights Act Title VI complaints. Under the strategy, RCRA
Permits will coordinate with Headquarter's Office of Civil Rights and OSW, and Re-
gion 6's Management Division and Office of Regional Counsel (ORC).
Completed Milestones
9/94 Developed communication strategy for addressing environmental justice
issues, including Title VI complaints.
Contact
Cathy Carter, (214) 665-7434
Action Item
RCRA Public Involvement—Develop methods to expand public involvement in
siting and permitting, and increase efforts (resources) committed to public
involvement.
Office of Solid Waste
OSW proposed a public participation rule on June 2, 1994, that will expand public
involvement opportunities during the RCRA permitting process. The lack of opportu-
nities for communities to become involved in environmental decision-making is a
contributing cause to environmental justice issues. The public participation rule will
help empower all communities, including minority and low- income populations, by
providing communities with a greater voice in decision-making and a stronger oppor-
tunity to influence permit decisions early in the process.
The rule seeks to encourage public involvement by informing the public of potential
facility operations prior to permit submittal. The proposed rule, entitled "RCRA Ex-
panded Public Participation and Revisions to Combustion Permitting Procedures,"
expands public involvement by:
118 — Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
• Requiring the facility to conduct a meeting with the community before it submits
its permit applications;
• Calling for the permitting agency to provide public notice when it receives an
application, as well as before a trial burn takes place; and
• Enabling the permitting agency to require a facility to maintain an information
repository in some situations.
OSW formed a workgroup to prepare the proposed rule. The workgroup will continue
its efforts to finalize the rule.
Completed Milestones
3/94 Reached workgroup closure.
6/94 Issued proposed rule.
Contact
Patricia Buzzell, (703) 308-8632
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
OSW also has representatives on the Agency's Permit Improvements Team. The team,
established in July 1994, consists of a group of EPA, State, Tribal, and local govern-
ment officials examining all of EPA's permit programs to identify how they can be
improved.
Enhancing public participation is one of the areas in which the team is developing
recommendations. The team's public participation task force met with a representa-
tive from Office of Environmental Justice (OEJ) and, as a result, made a preliminary
recommendation that the Environmental Justice Public Participation checklist, devel-
oped by the Interagency Working Group on Environmental Justice, be utilized as guid-
ance to the extent appropriate and feasible. The team will continue coordinating with
OEJ in order to promote consistency in approaches to enhancing public involvement.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Permit Improvements Team's Enhanced Public Participation Task Force
met with OEJ.
4/95 Mailed preliminary recommendations to stakeholders.
Contact
Patricia Buzzell, (703) 308-8632
Region 2
Region 2 developed a RCRA action plan for enhanced public involvement and began
the implementation of this plan at an environmental justice site in Puerto Rico. The
Region also initiated an innovative outreach program with the El Puente school in
New York.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 119
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Program-Specific issues
To encourage earlier, more meaningful pnHir involvement, especially in environmen-
tal justice areas, Region 2's RCP "> :"-ii'ui plan Mcliesscs sv major aspects of public
involvement:
• Fostering public involvement at the planning stage;
• Requiring each facility to submit a citizen participation plan;
• Involving community-based oigani/atkms;
• Simplifying the language used in public notices;
• Publishing public notices in the common language of the community; and
• Increasing the involvement of States (New York and New Jersey) and the Environ-
mental Quality Board (F-QB) of Pueito Rico.
Region 2 established contacts with the States and Puerto Rico to work with EPA on the
action plan. To begin implementing the RCRA action plan, Region 2 developed an
outline of citizen participation plans. Implementation of the complete action plan will
begin by fiscal year 1996.
Region 2 is applying its improved and expanded public participation procedures at
Squibb Manufacturing Incorporated (Squibb), a site with environmental justice con-
cerns located in Humacao, Puerto Rico. Squibb submitted & RCRA permit renewal
application for the operation of three hazardous waste incinerator units and seven haz-
ardous waste storage tanks at the site. Under the new procedures, an initial pre-appli-
cation review public meeting was held on February 28,1995. In addition to the Region's
traditional public notification piocedures in print and through radio announcements in
Spanish and English, notifications weie spread to community centers and homes lo-
cated near the facility. Two public meetings were held, and concerned community
members had the opportunity to raise their concerns in both languages. The Region
and the EQB distributed to the community bilingual written responses to public com-
ments. The Region also established a public information repository at the Public Li-
brary of the Municipality of Humacao.
In other efforts, officials from the Region and the New York City Department of Envi-
ronmental Protection conducted outreach activities with El Puente, a local commu-
nity-based organization. [Note; More detail on this entry is reported under the Out-
reach, Communications, and Partnership topic area.]
Completed Milestones
9/94 Drafted the RCRA action plan for public involvement.
9/94 Identified the Squibb site as a site with environmsntal justice concerns.
11/94 Developed community mailing list for the Squibb site.
12/94 Notified local community groups of the pre-application meeting for the
Squibb site.
12/94 Developed an outline for citizen participation plans.
1/95 Issued public notices about the Squibb site in Spanish and English.
2/95 Held the pic application meeting for the Squibb site.
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Contacts
Andrew Bellina, (212) 637-4109 (RCRA action plan)
Wilfredo Palomino, (212) 637-4179 (RCRA action plan and Squibb)
Michael Poetzsch, (212) 637-414 (Squibb)
Joseph Mallei, (212) 637-4101 (Squibb)
Region 3
Region 3 is engaged in two activities to incorporate environmental justice concerns
into the RCRA public participation process. The Region is expanding the environ-
mental justice portion of the RCRA Public Involvement Manual (RPIM) and is work-
ing to revise the RCRA Community Relations Plan (CRP).
RCRA staff drafted a Region-specific addendum to the RPIM addressing environmen-
tal justice concerns. Following final approval of the addendum, the Region will pro-
vide the addendum to all RCRA facilities that are issued a corrective action order.
The Region also drafted modifications to the scope of work (SOW) of the CRP to
incorporate steps to ensure that RCRA facilities address environmental justice con-
cerns. These modifications include requiring a RCRA facility to identify all affected
demographic groups surrounding the facility and take steps to include those groups in
the decision-making process. The Region will submit proposed changes to the SOW
for consideration during the upcoming revision of the model order, which is planned to
be completed during fiscal year 1995.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Modified the CRP SOW 10 include environmental justice concerns.
6/94 Briefed managers on the modified CRP SOW.
9/94 Drafted addendum to the RPIM.
Contact
Harry Daw, (215)597-3177
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 5
Region 5's RCRA program office increased its public outreach efforts in response to
environmental justice concerns raised in the Region. For example, during the Adams
Center Landfill expansion permit process, the Region held an additional informal pub-
lic meeting with concerned constituents, including the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People, the Fort Wayne Urban League, the Fort Wayne Min-
isterial Alliance, and local citizen groups, to listen to environmental justice concerns.
For fiscal year 1995, the Region allocated an additional 0.5 full-time equivalent (FTE)
from the RCRA program office to the Region's Office of Public Affairs for public
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Program-Specific issues
participation activities. Additionally, the RCRA program office will explore reinvest-
ing in RCRA public participation during RCRA streamlining planning during fiscal
year 1995 and fiscal year 1996.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Held an informal public meeting with concerned citizens at the Adams
County Landfill.
10/94 Allocated an additional 0.5 FTE for public participation activities.
Contacts
Bill Omohundro, (312) 353-8254
Margaret Millard, (312) 353-1440
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 6
Region 6 assigned one FTE to the RCRA Community Involvement Permits Branch.
This individual is currently training under a mentor from Superfund Community In-
volvement. Region 6 will use the Superfund Community Involvement Training Mod-
ules to train RCRA staff on expanding public involvement until RCRA-specific train-
ing materials become available.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Assigned one FTE to RCRA Community Involvement.
10/94 Tasked a mentor from Superfund Community Involvement to train a RCRA
Community Involvement Coordinator.
4/95 Completed training.
Contact
Jennifer Morisato, (214) 665-2194
Region 7
Region 7 encouraged States to expand their public participation activities. Fiscal year
1995 State/EPA agreement workplans included sections on expanding public partici-
pation and allowing interested groups to provide input on environmental justice issues
or other concerns related to facility siting. Region 7 also encourages States to volun-
tarily expand their public participation in environmental justice areas.
Completed Milestones
10/94 States submitted EPA/State agreement workplans that include sections on
expanded public involvement (Kansas—7/94; Missouri—8/94; Nebraska—
10/94).
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Contact
WesBartley, (913) 551-7632
Region 1O
During the last 6 months, the Region 10 RCRA program has had a "Stay-in-School"
employee researching options for improving the Region's outreach to communities
with environmental justice concerns. The "Stay-in-School" employee worked with
the Central Area Motivation Program (a community social service association) to iden-
tify more effective means of reaching members of a minority community in Seattle,
Washington. The Region has completed its initial research, has prepared a paper on
the findings for use throughout the Region, and will evaluate whether the RCRA Branch
can support a pilot program within currently available resources.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Drafted paper.
Contact
Betty Wiese, (206) 553-0695
Action Item
RCRA Corrective Action—Examine whether priority-setting method adequately
considers environmental justice concerns and ensure that activities are consis-
tent with Superfund program policies.
Office of Solid Waste
OSW is incorporating environmental justice provisions in its new Hazardous Waste
Identification Rule-Contaminated Media rulemaking. The draft rule would allow regu-
lators to require collection of demographic data for areas surrounding sites. This re-
quirement is intended to improve State and EPA assessment of and response to envi-
ronmental justice concerns associated with site cleanups.
In addition, OSW is evaluating whether the National Corrective Action Prioritization
System (NCAPS), used to rank RCRA corrective action sites, adequately considers
environmental justice concerns. The system currently enables site rankings to include
environmental justice considerations. OSW will also monitor the efforts of the RCRA
Siting Workgroup and incorporate the workgroup's findings and recommendations into
the evaluation of NCAPS.
Contact
Dave Pagan, (703) 308-8625
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Program-Specific issues
Region 1
Region 1 's WMD completed ranking of all its RCRATSD facilities using the NCAPS
model to prioritize cleanup of the facilities and evaluated TSD facilities with high
NCAPS ranking for location within areas having potential environmental justice con-
cerns. This evaluation was based on census data and GIS data and used a scoring
system of zero to six, with six being the highest. The Region will prioritize corrective
action at RCRA TSD facilities that rank high in both NCAPS and environmental jus-
tice scoring.
The Region also created a RCRIS file to store environmental justice scores in RCRIS
and RCRIS Info so that users can see the score (or range of scores) for any zip code
associated with RCRA handlers. This allows EPA and State personnel working in the
RCRA program to access environmental justice information about a community for
use in planning and implementation activities. Region 1 and States will be able to use
this file with other RCRIS files to allow automating development of target lists for
inspections, corrective action, permitting, and closure activities.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Completed NCAPS ranking of TSD facilities.
9/94 Added environmental justice information to RCRIS and RCRIS informa-
tion files.
Contact
Joan Serra, (617) 223-5527
Region 2
To ensure consideration of environmental justice, Region 2 is working to incorporate
income, percent of minority population, and population density into its environmental
benefits (EB) ranking. Region 2 will use the EB ranking with NCAPS ranking to
determine the overall facility priority in RCRA permitting and corrective action ac-
tivities. The inclusion of environmental justice factors will ensure the proper evalua-
tion of human health and environmental issues for minority and low-income popula-
tions who live near RCRA-regulated facilities.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Drafted plan to gather data and incorporate environmental justice into
EB ranking.
Contacts
Andrew Bellina, (212) 637-4109
Wilfredo Palomino, (212) 637-4179
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Region 3
Region 3 drafted a RCRA facility evaluation form (RFEF) to incorporate environmen-
tal justice into its priority setting and will circulate the RFEF to RCRA managers for
review. Upon approval of the RFEF and receipt of a complete set of demographic
maps for the Region's high-NCAPS facilities, the Region will evaluate the high-NCAPS
facilities.
Contact
Harry Daw, (215) 597-3177
Region 4
Region 4 focused on combustion facilities and began preparations for implementing
guidance on environmental justice in siting, permitting, public involvement, and cor-
rective action. Part of this activity included selecting key facilities with upcoming
major decision points that may include environmental justice issues.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Selected key facilities with upcoming major decision points.
Contact
Eddie L. Wright, (404) 347-3555, \6310
Region 6
Region 6 is coordinating Superfund and RCRA activities at a site in selecting the
cleanup remedy. In preparing the Statement of Basis for the remedy selection, the
Region 6 facility manager obtained, evaluated, and incorporated information related
to Superfund, RCRA, and State remedial activities. The facility manager also com-
piled environmental justice information related to the site by coordinating with the
Region's GIS Coordinator to obtain information related to identifying environmental
justice concerns. The Region held a public meeting before issuing the notice for the
Statement of Basis.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Completed evaluation of remedy information for the site.
9/94 Held a public meeting before the release of the notice of the Statement
of Basis.
12/94 Prepared the Statement of Basis for the remedy selection.
Contact
Vince Malott, (214) 665-8313
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Program-Specific issues
Region 7
Region 7 is using available socio-economic census data and other information related
to potential or actual environmental justice problems in prioritizing future RCRA cor-
rective action activities in the Region. The Region will assess and use this information
when it conducts its annual RCRA corrective action multi-year strategy planning and
prioritization process with the State RCRA programs. A RCRA corrective action fa-
cility located in an area with actual environmental justice problems or that poses a
potential for such problems will be considered as a higher priority facility in the cor-
rective action prioritization and planning process.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Reviewed available GIS/census information.
3/95 Requested additional GIS/census information.
Contact
David Doyle, (913) 551-7667
Region 9
Region 9 has undertaken a GIS assessment project that will analyze all States in the
Region for demographics, race, and potential and measured sources of pollution. The
Region is taking this approach rather than individually reevaluating all prioritized sites
to determine whether environmental justice is adequately addressed. The RCRA cor-
rective action program will use the results of this GIS project to determine whether the
NCAPS priority of a facility should be raised.
Also, to integrate environmental justice into RCRA corrective action efforts, the first
annual Region 9 RCRA Corrective Action Conference included a workshop/breakout
session on environmental justice. The focus of the workshop was on developing a
consensus definition relevant to corrective action; discussing case studies; and inte-
grating community relations efforts at corrective action sites.
Contacts
Nancy Nadel, (415) 744-2043
Karen Scheuermann, (415) 744-2068
Action Item
Utilize the geographic information system in RCRA.
Office of Solid Waste
OSW has developed GIS, called the Decision Support System (DSS), jointly with the
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory in Las Vegas (EMSL-LV). This fully
functional GIS contains both a location analysis and a population analysis tool, which
currently can estimate population density for an area. EPA hopes to expand this tool so
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that it can be used to assess and identify geographic areas where pollution sources
appear to have a disproportionately high and adverse health or environmental effect on
certain minority or low-income populations. EPA is researching different approaches
for analyzing census data to accurately reflect potential areas with environmental jus-
tice concerns and has completed a guidance document that describes several different
approaches for analyzing populations that could be used depending upon the scenario
(e.g., rural areas versus high-density areas).
Contact
Felicia Wright, (703) 308-8634
[Note: This entry is also reported under the GIS topic area.]
Region 2
To aid in the identification of areas with environmental justice concerns, Region 2's
Office of Policy and Management (OPM) has drafted a strategy document entitled
"Regional Location Policy." This document will outline how Region 2 personnel will
obtain facility locational data on its regulated universe in all programs to more accu-
rately identify facilities. A Locational Data Policy Workgroup has been established to
discuss ways in which the information in the strategy will be implemented.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Developed and distributed draft "Regional Location Policy" for internal
review.
Contact
Mary Stallings, (212) 264-8325
Action Item
Disproportionate impacts research—Perform demographics analysis around
combustion facilities.
Region 5
The public brought environmental justice issues over operations at the WTI incinera-
tor, located in East Liverpool, Ohio, to Region 5's attention. The Region is currently
conducting a risk assessment at the WTI incinerator. The Region also began a demo-
graphic analysis of the surrounding community to identify minority and low-income
populations.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Initiated demographic analysis.
Contact
Harriet Croke, (312) 353-4789
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Program-Specific issues
Region 7
Region 7 is collecting data to assess concerns that minority and low-income popula-
tions are exposed to greater risk because they live in close proximity to toxic and
hazardous waste facilities. Region 7 is including combustion facilities in its analysis.
The Region has initiated and implemented a work assignment for contractual support
in developing location data (latitude and longitude) of all RCRA combustion facilities
in its authorized RCRA program States (Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska).
Completed Milestones
11/94 Initiated work assignment for project.
3/95 Completed field work.
Contact
David Doyle, (913) 551-7667
Action Item
RCRA Tribal implementation issues—Accelerate efforts to develop draft rule
for Subtitle C hazardous waste authorization to tribes.
Office of Solid Waste
OSW staff from Headquarters and the Regions formed a workgroup to develop a pro-
posed rule that would amend the State hazardous waste authorization regulations by
providing tribes the same opportunity as States for RCRA Subtitle C (hazardous waste)
authorization and to receive RCRA Section 3011 grants. Currently, only authorized
States are eligible to receive RCRA Section 3011 grant funds to implement the Sub-
title C hazardous waste program. Publication of the rule is expected to occur in the fall
of 1995.
Completed Milestones
Fall 1994 Held public meetings.
3/95 Reached workgroup closure.
Contact
Virginia Phillips, (703) 308-8761
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic area.]
Region 5
Region 5's RCRA program office continued to participate in the national workgroup
to amend 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 271 to "Treat Tribes as Sovereigns" and
to provide for partial RCRA program delegation to Tribes. In support of this effort,
Region 5's RCRA program office also continued its management of the National Tribal
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Authorization Pilot Project for the Menominee Tribe of Wisconsin. On September 16,
1994, the office received a final authorization application from the Menominee Tribe.
In coordination with OSWER, Region 5's RCRA program office has pursued forward-
ing options for providing authorization to the Menominee Tribe and anticipates pub-
lishing a Federal Register notice authorizing the Tribe by the end of fiscal year 1995.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Received the final authorization application from the Menominee Tribe.
Contact
Margaret Millard, (312) 353-1440
Action Item
RCRA Tribal implementation issues—Expand the VISTA program to provide as-
sistance to Native Alaskan Villages on solid waste management issues.
Office of Solid Waste
Through a $100,000 interagency agreement (IAG), OSW and ACTION have joined
together, in conjunction with Native Alaskan non-profit regional corporations, to place
Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) volunteers in Native Alaskan Villages (NAVs)
to work on solid waste management issues. Headquarters and Regional staff trained
the volunteers in a week-long session in Anchorage in November 1993.
Initially, OSW planned to evaluate the pilot to determine the potential for continuing
and expanding the use of volunteers in Alaska and the continental United States, how-
ever, the OSW project was developed into an EPA proposal for funding from the Cor-
poration for the National Service. Through the AmeriCorps program, the corporation
awarded EPA a grant to expand the project and 15 volunteers are now assigned to
NAVs to work on solid waste management issues. OSW combined its VISTA project
with the AmeriCorps project in September 1994.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Conducted mid-year evaluation.
9/94 Combined OSW's VISTA project with the AmeriCorps project.
Contacts
Judi Kane, (703) 308-8644
Lilian Bagus, (202) 260-4058
[Note: These entries are also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic
area and the Federal Interagency Cooperation topic area.]
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Program-Specific issues
Action Item
RCRA Tribal implementation issues—Enhance training and outreach activities,
seek to leverage resources, and coordinate environmental activities among Fed-
eral agencies.
Office of Solid Waste
OSW appropriated a fiscal year 1994 budget of $505,000 to provide technical assis-
tance for RCRA activities on Indian lands. The workplan for the disbursement of
these Headquarters funds (the Regions also fund Indian activities using Regional re-
sources) was established jointly by Headquarters and Regional staff. Funds are used
to support Headquarters and Regional Indian activities such as training and outreach,
meeting support, regulatory development, direct grants to the Tribes, and the circuit
rider program. In fiscal year 1994, Headquarters contributed $100,000 or $20,000 per
position to the circuit rider program. OSW employs two FTE assigned solely to the
Indian program. Other staff within OSW, particularly the Municipal Support and In-
dustrial Solid Waste Division, also support the Indian Program. During the past year,
OSW conducted a variety of activities designed to enhance Tribal outreach and train-
ing:
• Regions 5, 6, 9, and 10 held Regional Tribal meetings supported by Headquarters
funding (approximately $5,000 per meeting). Regional staff work with Tribes to
develop agendas and secure speakers at these meetings.
• The "Native American Network" and other Tribal-specific publications are de-
signed and disseminated by Headquarters and Regional staff to provide "user-
friendly" information on grant availability; rules and regulations; and other RCRA-
related activities. This outreach is expected to continue through 1995.
OSW also sponsored the Second National Tribal Conference on Environmental Man-
agement as its major outreach and training activity in fiscal year 1994. OSW awarded
a $70,000 grant to the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians to host the conference. In
addition, OSW provided $35,000 toward Tribal travel for the conference and approxi-
mately $25,000 in contractual support. OSW Indian Program staff and the Indian
Coordinator from the Office of Emergency and Remedial Response also provided ex-
tensive support to the Cherokee staff throughout the pre-eonference and conference
periods. Nearly 450 participants attended the conference.
OSW has been supporting the development of IndianNet, an electronic bulletin board
that provides information and news on Indian issues. OSW is working with Ameri-
cans for Indian Opportunities to provide direct access to IndianNet for Tribes for EPA
information. OSW plans to hold a workshop for four pilot Tribes on using IndianNet
and develop and distribute a user's guide to all Tribes. Due to technical difficulties,
the original plan to access through the State and Regional Programs Branch Bulletin
Board System (SRPB/BBS) was not feasible. OSW is currently working on direct
access to IndianNet to access Tribes for EPA information.
In addition, OSW's Indian Programs Manager is a member of the Interagency Task
Force that meets quarterly with representatives from the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA),
Indian Health Service (IHS), Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and other EPA
offices to exchange information on environmental issues relating to Tribes and to ex-
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plore possibilities for interagency cooperation. In addition, OSW provided grant funds
to Regions 8, 9, and 10 to promote interagency cooperation through the following
activities:
• Region 8 is completing details for an IAG with IHS for $36,000 to provide assis-
tance on open dump inventories and assessment;
• Region 9's solid waste staff completed negotiations with the IHS for a $40,000
IAG between EPA and IHS to consult and cooperate on solid waste management
issues; and
• Region 10's Solid Waste Program staff established and funded $50,000 for the
Solid Waste Network that is composed of representatives from various federal
agencies, including EPA; BIA; and IHS; private industry; and academia. The Solid
Waste Network is used to provide resources and expertise to address Tribe-spe-
cific solid waste management issues.
Completed Milestones
1994 Signed Region 9 IHS Interagency Agreement.
1994 Held Tribal meetings with Regions 5, 6, 9, and 10.
1994 Published "Native American Network."
5/94 Sponsored Second National Tribal Conference on Environmental Man-
agement.
Contact
Judi Kane, (703) 308-8644
[Note: These entries are also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic
area.]
Region 4
Region 4 is providing technical assistance to Native American Tribes for the RCRA
Subtitle D (solid waste) program and has initiated a program to provide funds and
technical assistance for solid waste disposal. Several Tribes have ongoing projects
funded by Region 4 through the Solid Waste Management Assistance Program estab-
lished by RCRA Section 8001. These funds have been provided to:
• The Eastern Band of Cherokee, who received an increase of $ 19,000 to fund a full-
time solid waste coordinator to continue a recycling and public outreach program;
• The Seminole Tribe, who received $52,000 to hire a solid waste manager to imple-
ment recommendations from the Tribe's solid waste management plan;
• The Miccosukee Tribe in Florida, who received $13,000 to develop and operate a
recycling program; and
• The Choctaw Tribe of Mississippi, who received $60,000 to prepare a solid waste
management plan.
In additkm, Region 4 is assisting the Poarch Creek Tribe in implementing a recycling
program
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Program-Specific issues
In 1995, each of the Federally recognized Tribes in Region 4 will continue these projects
to address environmental concerns and waste management issues. Region 4 also in-
tends to provide funds in 1995, to the Catawba Tribe in South Carolina, which recently
became a Federally recognized Tribe. The funds will be used to develop a solid waste
management plan and to initiate a program to cleanup and prevent the occurrence of
open dumps.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Funded various assistance projects under RCRA Section 8001.
Contact
Robin Mitchell, (404) 347-3555
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic area.]
Region 5
To enhance funding of Tribal operations, Region 5 Office of RCRA (ORCRA) contin-
ued its support of the Region 5 General Assistance Act multi-media grants to Tribes by
providing $125,000 in fiscal year 1994 and committing to provide an additional
$125,000 in fiscal year 1995.
A survey of Region 5 Tribes was conducted in fiscal year 1994 to assess their hazard-
ous waste needs. A draft response to the needs identified, along with further informa-
tion on training and technical assistance available to the Tribes, was compiled during
the first quarter of fiscal year 1995 and is currently under internal review. In addition,
during the first quarter of fiscal year 1995, a RCRA Subtitle C outreach program for
Tribes was drafted. Region 5 anticipates finalizing the program during the second
quarter of fiscal year 1995.
To facilitate communication and coordination of solid waste projects among appropri-
ate Federal agencies, Region 5 's Solid Waste Tribal Coordinator increased the Region's
role and participation in Federal workgroups to enhance communication of Indian
Tribe issues. The coordinator participated in meetings for the Federal Tribal Solid
Waste Task Force.
Completed Milestones
2/94-9/94 Attended Federal Solid Waste Task Force meetings.
11/94 Surveyed Tribes to assess their hazardous waste needs.
12/94 Drafted RCRA outreach program for Tribes which provides an overview
of the RCRA program.
Contacts
Jennifer Manville, (312) 886-7599 (RCRA Subtitle D)
Margaret Millard, (312) 353-1440 (RCRA Subtitle C)
[Note: Parts of this entry are also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues
topic area.]
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Region 6
Region 6 actively seeks to promote Tribal implementation of RCRA Subtitle D (solid
waste) requirements through grants, outreach, site visits, coordination with Tribal en-
vironmental programs, and technical assistance. Region 6 has provided more than 23
percent of all Regional grant funds to Native American Tribes for pilot projects to help
start effective solid waste management programs for Native American lands. Region
6 employs a full-time circuit rider to communicate with Tribal members about their
solid waste activities. In fiscal year 1995, the Region plans to hire an additional circuit
rider to support these activities.
Region 6 has engaged in several activities to enhance New Mexico Tribal capacities.
This included granting funds to the State of New Mexico's Environmental Improve-
ment Division to enable the State to employ an additional staff member to work on
New Mexico Tribal capacity issues and to serve as a State/Tribal liaison. Also, in
January 1995, Region 6 and Headquarters hosted a "regionalization" conference in
Albuquerque, New Mexico, to promote cooperation between Native Americans and
non-Native Americans in addressing solid waste disposal concerns. All Tribes and
small municipalities in New Mexico were invited to attend. The conference encour-
aged the Tribes and municipalities to enter into cooperative agreements to address
solid waste disposal concerns.
The Region also is supporting Tribes in their efforts to establish new Subtitle D pro-
grams. In February 1994, the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma submitted draft copies of
its proposed environmental laws, solid waste disposal facility regulations, and solid
waste management plans for Region 6 review and comment. The Region's efforts to
encourage other Tribes to submit Subtitle D program applications is an ongoing effort.
Completed Milestones
2/94 Received Subtitle D application from the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma.
1/95 Held "regionalization" conference in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
1/95 Draft final plan submitted by the Cherokee Nation.
4/95 Final plan submitted by the Cherokee Nation.
Contacts
Will Lemmond, (214) 665-6752
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
Guanita Reiter, (214) 665-6656
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic area.]
Region 1O
Region 10 designated an Indian Coordinator to increase technical assistance to Indian
Tribes. Using partial funding from the RCRA program, the Coordinator assisted the
Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs in organizing the Northwest Tribal Environ-
mental Conference and Gathering in September 1994 in Warm Springs, Oregon, to
address a variety of environmental issues.
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Program-Specific issues
In addition to the technical conference, the Coordinator worked with the Alaska Na-
tive Health board and the Northwest Renewable Resources Center to organize two
well-attended Tribal conferences with EPA and Tribal leaders in the fall of 1994, one
in Anchorage, Alaska, and another in Seattle, Washington for Tribes in Washington,
Oregon, and Idaho. The conferences were designed to strengthen EPA's working rela-
tionship with Tribal leaders and to hear their concerns regarding environmental issues.
In addition, the RCRA program provided $15,000 in scholarship funds for Tribes to
attend the National Recycling Congress (NRC) in October 1994 in Portland, Oregon.
Representatives from over 10 different Tribes attended and provided positive feed-
back for this effort. Region 10 is also facilitating efforts to ensure that representatives
who attended the meeting become involved in the Rural Recycling Task Force.
In another environmental justice initiative, Region 10 is using Senior Environmental
Employee (SEE) circuit riders to conduct outreach and technical assistance to Tribes
and Native Alaskan Villages. Region 10 supports one part-time circuit rider in Alaska,
using funding from OSW and the Region 10 RCRA program, and one part-time circuit
rider for Tribes in the States of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho, using $20,000 from
the Region. The circuit riders visit Tribes frequently to learn about their current needs
and issues, and to deliver information on sound solid waste management. The equiva-
lent of one full-time senior staff person oversees the activities of the SEE employees.
Region 10's solid waste circuit rider is working with the Nooksack, Coeur d'Alene,
and other Tribes to investigate their complaints about old dumps and/or illegal dumps
to control illegal dumping. Region 10 also is working with these Tribes on an illegal
dumping ordinance to control illegal trash dumping. The RCRA program is helping
develop a workshop on waste reduction and solid waste planning (including unit pric-
ing) for Indian Tribes in southwest Washington. The Tribes are co-sponsoring the
workshop and funding is being provided by OSW to the Conference of Mayors.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Conducted Warm Springs technical conference.
10/94 Provided funding to attend NRC.
10/94 Conducted leadership conferences.
12/94 Started workshops on illegal dumping.
Contacts
Fran Stefan, (206) 553-6639
Al LaTourette, (206) 553-8202
Region 10 also is implementing a Solid Waste Network that is composed of represen-
tatives from various Federal agencies, including EPA, BIA, and IMS, private industry
and academia to promote interagency coordination with Indian Tribes. The network is
used to provide resources and expertise to address Tribe-specific solid waste manage-
ment issues. Under this effort, a solid waste management plan for the Spokane Tribe
has been completed. The grantee that facilitates the effort is compiling a process
manual to document "lessons learned" from working with Tribes and assist them in
setting priorities and action plans in the future.
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Completed Milestones
1994 Continued the Solid Waste Network.
11/94 Provided solid waste management plan assistance to Spokane Tribe.
1/95 Identified additional Tribes interested in assistance (Kootenai Tribe of
Idaho, Confederated Tribes of the Yakama Indian Reservation,
Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation).
Contact
Fran Stefan, (206) 553-6639
In another effort, Region 10 established an Alaska Native Villager workgroup to pro-
vide technical assistance and coordinate policy issues, concerns, and responses related
to multi-media issues. In addition to workgroup activities, the RCRA and water pro-
grams jointly funded the Rural Alaska Sanitation Coalition (RASC), composed of rep-
resentatives from the Alaska Native Health Board. RASC serves as a policy forum for
key sanitation issues facing rural Alaska, such as solid waste. On April 20-21, 1995,
the Region 10 RCRA office will provide updated information on emerging solid waste
regulatory and funding issues to members of RASC.
The RCRA Solid Waste Program has continued to provide Regional input and over-
sight for three Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) volunteers placed in rural
Alaska and has conducted several debriefings with them to determine how to improve
technical assistance. In the fall of 1994, RCRA linked the VISTA work in Alaska with
a new program, EPA-Alaska AmeriCorps. The EPA-Alaska AmeriCorps project oper-
ates in locations throughout Alaska, and targets volunteer action to identify and re-
solve waste and water issues at the local level. EPA recruited fifteen AmeriCorps
volunteers from Alaska, thirteen of which represent their own villages. In January
1995, RCRA offered a week of training for AmeriCorps volunteers in Native Alaskan
organizations.
Region 10's RCRA office also supports Alaskan waste management through the fol-
lowing grant-funded programs:
• A $116,000 multi-year grant to the Chugachmiut organization to design a model
for managing household hazardous waste in rural Alaska;
• A$30,000 to the Association of Village Council Presidents (AVCP), Bethel, Alaska,
to hire an interim solid waste management coordinator;
• Working with AVCP and the village of Akiachak, to support development of a
Yupik translation of the "Trash Management Guide"; and
• Providing copies of the RCRA-sponsored/Alaska-based curricula, "Changing Waste
in Changing Times" to several villages upon their request. The curricula com-
bines traditional and modern concepts of waste management.
In addition, in the fall of 1994 Region 10 conducted extensive evaluations of its over-
all Tribal operations. As a result, the Indian Coordinator and Region 10 Executive
Team established a number of new positions with the goal of improving delivery of
services, outreach, grant management, and technical assistance to Tribes.
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 135
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Program-Specific issues
Completed Milestones
5/94 Conducted VISTA debrief to evaluate success of VISTA volunteers in
Alaska.
8/94 Funded Chugachmiut and AVCP projects.
10/94 Evaluated Regional Tribal Operations.
11/94 Funded Rural Alaska Sanitation Coalition.
12/94 Recruited and hired 15 AmeriCorps volunteers.
1/95 Trained AmeriCorps volunteers.
Contact
Fran Stefan, (206) 553-6639
Action Item
RCRA Enforcement—Ensure the consideration of environmental justice in RCRA
enforcement activities.
Region 1
Region 1 's WMD developed a matrix to better target RCRA inspections and to maxi-
mize the use of its available resources. The matrix uses criteria that combine regional
and national initiatives and geographic targeting to identify areas to strategically tar-
get RCRA inspections. To incorporate environmental justice concerns, the Region
expanded the criteria to consider the presence of minority or low-income communi-
ties. As a result of the incorporation of environmental justice concerns into its matrix
for targeting inspections, Region 1's RCRA program conducted 18 inspections in ar-
eas with environmental justice concerns from May 1, 1994, through December 31,
1994. The Region's RIP calls for the completion of 18 inspections before the end of
fiscal year 1995; the Region expects to exceed this figure.
With the increased number of RCRA inspections at facilities in areas with environ-
mental justice concerns, the Region also expects an increase in enforcement activity in
those areas. The Region will prioritize this enforcement activity to address the most
severely disadvantaged communities first. The Region will also attempt to increase
the use of supplemental environmental projects (SEPs), which finance needed envi-
ronmental and public health improvements in those communities. For example, Re-
gion 1 issued an administrative complaint against three Massachusetts Highway
Department (MHD) facilities for RCRA violations; at least one of the facilities was in
a community with environmental justice concerns. Following extensive negotiations,
MHD agreed to pay a $100,000 penalty, $5 million on SEPs, and $20 million on audit-
ing and remediating, where necessary, at its 139 facilities.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Completed 18 RCRA inspections in areas with environmental justice con-
cerns.
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Contact
Joan Serra, (617) 223-5527
Region 2
With the completion of GIS analysis, Region 2 will analyze the identified areas with
potential environmental justice concerns to determine whether there is a significant
difference between enforcement activities in these areas and those without an environ-
mental justice concern. This analysis will compare the number of RCRA facilities,
and the total penalty amounts assessed against companies located in both environmen-
tal justice and non-environmental justice areas. Depending on the study's findings,
the Region 2 RCRA program will provide recommendations to assure an equal level
of protection for environmental justice communities.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Identified a preliminary list of environmental justice areas to be used for
purposes of RCRA compliance only, with available locational data.
Contact
Pete Mannino, (212) 637-4158
During fiscal years 1993 and 1994, EPA conducted 200 inspections in the City of
Newark and 150 inspections in the City of Camden, New Jersey. During fiscal year
1994, EPA conducted 50 follow-up inspections in Newark to confirm the compliance
status of facilities with potential violations. As a result of the Newark inspections,
four Notices of Violation (NOVs) were prepared, and five information request letters
were prepared to determine if violations exist. As of February 1995, the companies are
in full compliance.
During fiscal year 1995, EPA also conducted 26 follow-up inspections in Camden to
confirm the compliance status of facilities with potential violations. As a result of the
Camden inspections, one NOV was prepared, and four information request letters were
prepared to determine if violations exist. As of February 1995, the companies were in
full compliance. For future compliance monitoring in Camden and Newark, the Re-
gion is planning outreach efforts directed toward the local fire inspectors and other
municipal and county representatives. Region 2 will provide training to staff at the
local fire departments to improve their ability to identify hazardous waste violations
so they can refer potential violator cases to the NJDEP or EPA for formal action.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Inspected all Camden facilities for compliance.
3/95 Shared results of Newark initiative with appropriate Newark City
agencies.
3/95 Shared results of Camden initiative with appropriate Camden City
agencies.
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Program-Specific issues
Contact
Kellyann Few, (212) 637-3155
In the Cities of Greenpoint and Williamsburg, New York, EPA conducted 104 inspec-
tions during fiscal years 1993 and 1994 of both RCRA notifiers and non-notifiers. By
February 1995, the companies were in full compliance. EPA also has offered seminars
to the regulated community on both Clean Water Act pretreatment and RCRA hazard-
ous waste requirements. EPA is remaining in contact with members of these commu-
nities for future outreach activities.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Inspected all Greenpoint/Williamsburg facilities for compliance.
6/94 Conducted initial outreach seminars in Greenpoint/Williamsburg.
Contact
Len Grossman, (212) 637-4153
Using GIS to target facilities, Region 2 has planned compliance evaluation inspections
of 200 facilities in Nassau and Suffolk County, New York, as part of Phase I of the
Long Island Initiative. These facilities include operating large and small quantity gen-
erators that have never been inspected, non-notifiers, facilities in high environmental
justice areas, industrial parks, and facilities that have been issued State Pollutant Dis-
charge Elimination System permits in high-risk locations with respect to Long Island's
groundwater. The Region used GIS to target facilities in areas of environmental jus-
tice concerns and areas where the groundwater is most vulnerable. The RCRA pro-
gram is coordinating their efforts with the Underground Injection Control Program,
which currently is conducting weekly inspections in Huntington, Long Island.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Completed 80 inspections on Long Island.
Contact
Pete Mannino, (212) 637-4158
Region 3
Region 3's RCRA program is participating in the Region's multi-media enforcement
initiative to use demographic analysis as one of the criteria in the multi-media screen-
ing and site selection process for targeting of enforcement actions. A memorandum
requesting the incoiporation of this criteria has been drafted and is expected to be
finalized in February 1995.
Contact
Harry Daw, (215)597-3177
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Region 5
Region 5 will consider the use of SEPs in RCRA Section 3008(a) enforcement actions
to redress instances where environmental justice is relevant.
The revised SEP policy was communicated to Region 5's ORC and Department of
Justice attorneys during the first quarter of fiscal year 1995. This topic will be pre-
sented for all Region 5 RCRA program office staff, including RCRA enforcement
personnel, during the upcoming environmental justice workshop.
Contact
Margaret Millard, (312) 353-1440
Region 7
Region 7 is updating its GIS with socio-economic data from the Census Bureau and
data from RCRIS to target RCRA compliance inspections in areas the Region deemed
to be potential environmental justice problem areas. The Region's initial efforts to
target environmental justice concerns are focused in St. Louis City and St. Louis County.
The Region will continue to expand GIS data collection and analysis to other counties
or areas in the Region where there may be environmental justice concerns. In its
environmental justice initiative in St. Louis City and County, the Region will work
with the Missouri Department of National Resources (MDNR), relying almost totally
on MDNR inspection resources to conduct "screening inspections."
In its State/EPA agreement workplans with the three authorized RCRA program States,
Region 7 reached agreement with each State to consider environmental justice related
information and data in their selection of RCRA compliance inspection candidates.
The Region also had further discussions with MDNR on focusing RCRA inspection
resources on conducting compliance inspections in areas of St. Louis where environ-
mental justice problems may exist.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Met with MDNR about the St. Louis environmental justice pilot.
7/94 Decided on MDNR involvement in the pilot.
2/95 Began data collection from GIS for the St. Louis area.
Contact
David Doyle, (913)551-7667
Region 9
Region 9 has identified target areas for fiscal year 1995 inspections. In targeting the
inspections, Region 9 is considering geographic areas with environmental justice con-
cerns, identifying those areas which pose the greatest risks.
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Program-Specific issues
Completed Milestones
11/94 Identified target areas for fiscal year 1995 inspections.
1/95 Began inspections in targeted areas.
Contact
Dianne Young, (415) 744-1561
Action Item
Address environmental justice issues associated with RCRA Subtitle D
(Solid Waste).
Region 1
Region I implemented an outreach program to assist the States in ensuring that envi-
ronmental justice language is incorporated into State applications under the RCRA
Subtitle D Municipal Solid Waste Landfill (MSWLF) Program. The Connecticut RCRA
Subtitle D program, which was approved prior to Region I's initiation of the outreach
program, already has developed an environmental justice action plan for their environ-
mental programs. Region 1 continues to work closely with Massachusetts and New
Hampshire to help these States in incorporating environmental justice into their pro-
grams. In addition, Region 1 is encouraging the other States (Vermont, Maine, and
Rhode Island) to incorporate environmental justice into their programs.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Forwarded public comments received regarding the impacts of solid
waste management on neighborhoods to Massachusetts.
Contact
John Hackler, (617) 573-9670
Region 5
Region 5 launched several initiatives to address environmental justice issues associated
with RCRA Subtitle D. These initiatives included steps to ensure that existing MSWLFs
located in communities with potential environmental justice concerns are in full compli-
ance with the Federal landfill criteria. Region 5's Solid Waste Section (SWS) was sched-
uled to present the environmental justice implementation plan to each State's solid waste
agency and initiate a dialogue regarding compliance and enforcement at MSWLFs located
in communities of concern. Due to the lack of criteria and data indicating the communities
in Region 5 with environmental justice concerns, the focus of this action item was nar-
rowed to States in Region 5 that contain geographic initiatives (Illinois, Indiana, and Michi-
gan). The Region made initial written contact with the States in September 1994.
Region 5 also provided technical assistance on solid waste issues to communities with
potential environmental justice concerns, local governments, and citizen groups. Re-
gion 5's SWS notified local government officials in the southeast Chicago area of a
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conference on solid waste source reduction. Notice of the conference was sent to all
members of the International City Managers Association in the Chicago area. The
conference was held in June 1994. Region 5's SWS also developed solid waste re-
source packets consisting of government contacts and lists of available resources. The
resource packets included a list of State solid waste contacts and Region 5 contacts;
EPA Headquarters and Regional publications; a fact sheet on the solid waste grant
program; and examples of useful publications. The SWS is currently working with the
coordinators of the Region's geographic initiatives to develop a list of community
contacts that may be interested in the packets.
Region 5 also intends to use the Minority Academic Institutions programs to educate
communities on solid waste topics. The SWS developed a list of potential solid waste
community education needs that are relevant to communities with environmental jus-
tice concerns. Also, a list of colleges and universities with significant minority popu-
lations was developed. Solicitations for the project were mailed to schools on Septem-
ber 27, 1994.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Notified local government officials from environmental justice
communities in the Southeast Chicago area of an upcoming conference on
solid waste source reduction in Chicago.
9/94 Developed solid waste resource packets consisting of government
contacts and lists of available resources.
9/94 Developed a list of potential solid waste community education needs
relevant to communities with environmental justice concerns.
Contact
Jennifer Manville, (312) 886-7599
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Program-Specific Issues
Comprehensive
Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act (CERCLA)
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA)
Develop interim guidance on Community Advisory Groups (CAGs) and
establish CAGs at ten pilot Superfund sites 147
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 147
Region 1 147
Region 2 148
Region 4 149
Regions 149
Region 6 149
Region 7 150
Regions 150
Region 9 150
Region 10 151
Establish site-specific Federal coordination groups for issues outside Superfund jurisdiction 151
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 151
Conduct a pilot proactive site assessment program 152
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 152
Region 1 152
RegionB 153
Region 4 153
RegionS 154
Region 7 154
Regions 155
Region 9 155
Examine whether priority setting methods adequately consider environmental
justice concerns 155
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 155
Region 1 156
RegionS 156
Region 10 157
Develop supplemental risk assessment guidance in coordination with Agency-wide
efforts to address environmental justice 157
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 157
Region 10 157
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report— 145
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Evaluate remedy selection and speed of cleanups in communities with environmental
justice issues 158
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 158
Region 10 158
Coordinate indoor lead paint removal with other agencies 159
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 159
Region 6 159
Assist Indian Tribes financially and technically to build response capacity 160
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 160
Region 4. 160
RegionS 161
Region 6 161
Region 9 162
Region 10 162
Establish a pilot program to train minority and/or low-income workers in the hazardous
waste cleanup field 163
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response „. 163
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Topic Area: Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act
Action Item
Develop interim guidance on Community Advisory Groups (CAGs) and estab-
lish CAGs at ten pilot Superfund sites.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR) and Regional community
relations staff completed and circulated draft guidance on Community Advisory Groups
(CAGs) to the Regions for review and comment. When Regional comments are com-
plete, OERR will produce the final interim guidance. The guidance provides direction
for establishing CAGs to promote early, direct, and meaningful community involve-
ment in the Superfund process especially at sites with environmental justice concerns.
OERR also held preliminary discussions with Regional staff resulting in the identifi-
cation of 14 potential CAG sites in communities with environmental justice concerns.
In January 1995, OERR requested that Regions officially submit the proposed pilot
CAG sites early by February 1995. EPA will closely monitor the development and
implementation of CAGs. The experience gained through the pilot may allow the
initiative to be expanded to more sites.
Completed Milestones
7/94 Attended the National Community Relations/Technical Assistance Grant
Conference in Denver to discuss CAGs.
1/95 Sent draft guidance on CAGs to Regions for review and comment.
1/95 Sent a memo to Regions requesting the formal identification of ten pilot
CAG sites.
Contact
Diana Hammer, (703) 603-8775.
Region 1
Region I established and has been interacting extensively with CAGs at two Superfund
sites with environmental justice concerns: New Bedford, Massachusetts, and Pine
Street Canal, Vermont. EPA meets bi-weekly with community members at both sites
to address community concerns and to reach agreement on issues concerning the scope
of work and remedy selection. A risk assessment, currently underway at the Pine
Street Canal Site, is evaluating the risk to subsistence fishermen from a Vietnamese
community who use the Canal fish resources as a food source. The Region is working
with the New Bedford Harbor CAG to conduct treatability studies on alternatives to
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
incineration. The New Bedford community consists of a high percentage of low-in-
come and minority residents including a large Portuguese community, many of whom
do not speak English. Additional remedial investigation work is currently scheduled
for Fall 1995.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Selected pilot sites.
12/94 Developed a process model for community involvement.
Contacts
Ross Gilleland, (617) 573-5766 (New Bedford)
Sheila Eckman, (617) 573-5784 (New Bedford)
Dave Dickerson, (617) 573-5735 (Pine Street Canal)
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 2
Region 2 chose the Diamond Alkali Superfund site, which has potential environmental
justice concerns, to pilot the formation of a CAG. The community is predominately
African-American and Hispanic. Region 2 selected CAG members and sponsored a
CAG meeting for the site. At the CAG's request, the Region obtained guest speakers
on EPA's dioxin reassessment work, the State of New Jersey Department of Health
epidemiological work completed in the area, the Newark Bay seafood consumption
advisories, and Region 2's Harbor Estuary Program. To update the community on site
activities and status, the Region generated and distributed two trilingual fact sheets on
the Diamond Alkali Superfund site. In addition, the Region held a special site visit and
roundtable discussion for members of the Ironbound Committee Against Toxic Wastes,
a local advocacy group. In the coming year, the Region will hold additional CAG
meetings, hold a public meeting, and distribute additional fact sheets.
Completed Milestones
3/94 Distributed fact sheets.
6/94 Selected pilot Superfund site.
6/94 Selected CAG members.
7/94 Held first CAG meeting.
11/94 Held site visit and discussion with Ironbound Committee Against Toxic
Wastes.
Contacts
Pat Seppi, (212)264-9369
Lance Richman, (212) 264-6695
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
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Region 4
The Region selected sites with environmental justice concerns at Chattanooga Creek,
Tennessee, and the Escambia Treatment Plant, Pensacola, Florida, as CAG pilot sites.
Region 4 also is working closely with the Hazardous Substances Research Center/
South & Southwest to develop the Technical Outreach Services for Communities Pro-
gram. The program's goal is to provide training workshops to communities on techni-
cal aspects of environmental pollution based on the specific needs of the community.
The workshop will enhance the communities' ability to participate in the decision-
making process and will be a good tool for training CAG members.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Selected Superfund CAG pilot sites.
11/94 Selected CAG members for each site.
1/95 Held first CAG meeting.
Contacts
Cindy Weaver, (404) 347-5059
Rose Jackson, (404) 347-7791
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 5
Region 5 is coordinating its public participation efforts with the Community Working
Group planned by the Office of Public Affairs and the Office of Superfund Outreach
and Marketing Team. Seven candidate communities/sites are on the pilot selection list
with one to two sites designated as environmental justice CAG pilot sites.
Contact
Marilou Martin (312) 353-9660
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 6
Region 6 staff presented information at workshops and open houses on how the pre-
dominantly African-American community at the Agriculture Street Landfill site in
New Orleans, Louisiana, can form a CAG to address potential environmental justice
concerns. The Region is working closely with residents to provide assistance in estab-
lishing a formal CAG and will combine this effort with Economic Redevelopment
efforts to determine which related redevelopment efforts can be coordinated with
Superfund activities through outreach and participation in site CAGs.
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Completed Milestones
10/94 Selected the Agriculture Street Landfill site to pilot a CAG.
10-12/94 Presented information on forming CAGs at workshops and open houses.
Contact
Verne McFarland, (214) 665-6617
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 7
Region 7 screened environmental justice Superfund sites within the Region and iden-
tified the Oronogo-Dunweg Superfund site as its pilot CAG site. The community
around this site consists of a predominantly low-income population. The Region is
currently selecting CAG members and plans to hold the first CAG meeting by Septem-
ber 1995.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Selected CAG pilot site.
Contact
Gayle Padgett, (913) 551-7914
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 8
Region 8 developed criteria to evaluate potential CAG sites. The criteria are (1) com-
munity dynamics, (2) community issues that are not EPA activities but which may be
affected by EPA activities, (3) real or perceived environmental justice issues, (4) com-
munity interest in the site or in having a CAG at the site, and (5) timing of activities at
the site.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Developed criteria to evaluate potential CAG sites.
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 9
Region 9 screened its Superfund sites to determine which ones might be most appro-
priate for the establishment of CAGs. The screening process, which involved apply-
ing the Headquarters criteria to specific site and community situations, identified about
12 sites as potential candidates. Using additional input from community relations
coordinators, remedial project managers (RPMs), and managers, the Region narrowed
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
the field to two or three candidate sites. In March 1995, the Region selected the Del
Amo/Montrose Superfund site, a site with environmental justice concerns, to pilot the
formation of a CAG.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Conducted initial screening of Superfund sites to determine 12 sites ap-
propriate for the formation of CAGs.
1/95 Narrowed the initial list of potential sites.
3/95 Selected pilot site.
Contact
Andy Bain, (415) 744-2185
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
Region 1O
Region 10 is in the process of evaluating an appropriate pilot site for a CAG. An
environmental justice questionnaire will be used to gauge the level of environmental
justice concerns at the site. If, as a result of the questionnaire, EPA Headquarters
determines that the site warrants environmental justice attention, the Region will con-
sider the site for a CAG. Region 10 expects to identify its pilot proposal upon comple-
tion of its Administrative Reforms Implementation Plan.
Contact
Michelle Pirzadeh, (206) 553-1272
Action Item
Establish site-specific Federal coordination groups for issues outside Superfund
jurisdiction.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
In January 1995, OERR sent a memo to Regions requesting that the Regions establish
interagency working groups for sites with problems beyond the scope of Superfund.
Interagency working groups will help meet the needs of local communities in instances
where these needs are beyond the mandate of the Superfund program. These commu-
nity needs and concerns include interior lead contamination and environmental educa-
tion. The effectiveness of these working groups will depend on the willingness of the
agencies involved to cooperate and work toward meeting community needs. In Sep-
tember 1995, OERR will send a memo to the Regions recognizing sites with estab-
lished interagency working groups. EPA will closely monitor the development and
implementation of the interagency working groups to promote full participation and
cooperation of other agencies in responding to community problems.
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Completed Milestones
1/95 Sent a memo to Regions in January 1995 requesting that the Regions es-
tablish interagency working groups for sites with problems beyond the
scope of Superfund.
Contact
Diana Hammer, (703) 603-8775
Action Item
Conduct a pilot proactive site assessment program.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
OERR developed three site assessment activities to address environmental justice.
First, OERR established Tribal Site Discovery Cooperative Agreements to identify
previously undiscovered sites. OERR received Regional proposals for candidates to
pilot this effort and selected the Seneca Nation (Region 2) and the Navajo Nation
(Region 9) to pilot this effort. In addition to Tribal activity, OERR will provide a grant
to a non-profit organization, the Northeast Hazardous Substance Research Center, to
develop a program for community organizations to become involved in site identifica-
tion. Finally, OERR will conduct a geographical pilot initiative to select two areas,
where community groups have raised concerns, to assess the impacts of individual
sites and as a collective group to develop strategies for appropriate actions.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Requested Regional proposals for the geographical pilot initiative.
11/94 Met with the Northeast Hazardous Substance Research Center.
1/95 Received regional proposals to conduct a Tribal site discovery pilot.
2/95 Allocated funds for Cooperative Agreements to tw o Tribes to identify pre-
viously undiscovered sites for assessments.
Contact
Yolanda Ting, (703) 603-8835
Region 1
The correction of inaccurate site coordinates in Region I is approximately 80 percent
complete. Accurate coordinates are essential to identify potential sites with environ-
mental justice concerns. Site coordinates are being corrected manually for the major-
ity of sites on the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Li-
ability Information System (CERCLIS). Massachusetts site coordinates are corrected
and the Region is compiling coordinates for sites in Connecticut through the geo-
graphic positioning system (GPS) unit siting by the Connecticut Department of Envi-
ronmental Protection. The Region's Site Assessment Group completed a preliminary
analysis of site assessment decisions concerning environmental justice using demo-
graphic data on low-income and minority population percentages.
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Completed Milestones
1/95 Corrected 80 percent of the site coordinates in CERCLIS.
Contact
Sharon Hayes, (617) 573-5709
Region 3
Region 3 is using the Geographic Information System (GIS) to aid in identifying the
socioeconomic makeup of communities being assessed under Superfund. Site Assess-
ment Section personnel first worked with Regional GIS personnel to generate GIS
maps depicting minority and poverty distributions for all SuperfundAccelerated Cleanup
Model (SACM) sites. With this demonstration pilot complete, the Region then amended
its policies and procedures for site investigations to include the generation of GIS
demographic maps. Regional Site Assessment Managers provide GIS maps depicting
minority and poverty distributions for all SACM/Regional decision team (RDT) meet-
ings to help incorporate environmental justice considerations into SACM decision-
making.
Since August 30, 1994, the SACM/RDT committee has sought to identify Environ-
mental Justice areas at 13 pre-remedial National Priorities List (NPL) sites by means
of the GIS maps and amended SACM criteria forms. To identify populations with
potential environmental justice concerns, the amended forms require specific data re-
garding significant minority and poverty populations.
Contact
James McCreary, (215) 597-7214
[Note: This entry is also reported under the GIS topic area.]
Region 4
Using its GIS capabilities, Region 4 developed a proactive site discovery program to
identify CERCLA sites, resulting in easier identification of sites in areas with poten-
tial environmental justice concerns. The Region used GIS to identify geographic areas
that are both densely populated and industrialized. The Region will use several meth-
ods (including tax maps, zoning maps, aerial photography, reconnaissance, informa-
tion from local municipalities, and Toxic Release Inventory) to identify populations
that are adjacent to or surrounded by polluting industries within the identified geo-
graphic areas. GIS maps have been created for areas with environmental justice con-
cerns in Georgia including Tifton, Augusta, and Brunswick. As areas of concern are
identified, they will be added to specific information about the site and potential envi-
ronmental justice concerns.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Developed proactive site discovery program.
1/95 Generated GIS maps to identify densely populated and moderately to
highly industrialized areas in the Region.
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Contact
John McKeown, (404) 347-5059
[Note: This entry is also reported under the GIS topic area.]
Region 5
Region 5's RCRA and Superfund programs have been working together to coordinate
the acquisition and development of GIS capability in the Region's waste management
division. Both programs use GIS in targeting the efforts of their respective programs
and anticipating potential environmental justice concerns in communities around Re-
gion 5 sites and facilities. To support GIS, the Waste Management Division has estab-
lished five graphic workstations with CD-ROM drives.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Purchased CD-ROM drives and Census Bureau map files for RCRA.
Contacts
Marilyn Millard, (312) 886-6224
Mark Horwitz, (312) 353-9045
[Note: This entry is also reported under the GIS topic area.]
Region 7
Region 7 conducted a screening, using GIS in conjunction with CERCLIS, RCRIS,
and demographic information (population density, ethnicity, and income), to identify
counties that have large minority or lower income population, and a large number of
RCRIS/CERCLIS listings. As a result of this screening, the Region selected St. Louis
and St. Louis County as an environmental justice pilot area for more intensive scru-
tiny. The Region is working to refine the analysis of the area to the lowest possible
census tract level. The Region has conducted an address matching process to locate
RCRA facilities, CERCLA sites, and air emission sources within the pilot area and is
reviewing the results. When the review is complete, the information gained will be
added to the Region's GIS. If the study of the St. Louis area is successful, the Region
will investigate six other counties in the Region that may have environmental justice
concerns based on the original screening.
Completed Milestones
11/93 Screened Region for counties which have a high co-occurrence of
minority population, lower income population, and incidence of RCRIS
CERCLIS listings.
1/94 Selected St. Louis and St. Louis County as an environmental justice
pilot area.
11/94 Established address matching process for facilities in the St. Louis pilot
area.
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Contact
David Doyle, (913) 551-7667
[Note: This entry is also reported under the GIS topic area.]
Region 8
The Region provided the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
(CDPHE) a series of GIS maps delineating the minority and poverty areas of the State
for use in active site discovery activities. The Region asked CDPHE to look at South-
ern Colorado for potential sites that have not yet been assessed by the Superfund pro-
gram. CDPHE has a cooperative agreement that provides some limited funding for
site discovery activities. If sites are identified, preliminary assessments will be sched-
uled. In addition, the site assessment program has provided similar GIS maps to Utah
and Montana, which also have active discovery programs. Sites with environmental
justice concerns may be identified in these States. The program has also sent letters to
each Native American Tribe in the Region informing them directly of the status of
sites currently in CERCLIS and requesting information on any potential sites that the
Tribes may want to identify for assessment.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Worked with State and Tribal officials to implement project.
Contact
Paul Arell, (303) 294-7658
Region 9
Region 9 has conducted proactive site assessment around the area of Verdese Carter
Park, East Oakland, California, a community with environmental justice concerns.
This included the collation of data by standard industrial code for the purpose of ag-
gregating like discharges. Evaluation of the sites identified is ongoing. The Region is
planning to conduct a pilot site assessment program if funding is received.
Contacts
Mike Bellot, (415) 744-2364
Dorothy Wilson, (415) 744-2179
Action Item
Examine whether priority setting methods adequately consider environmental
justice concerns.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
OERR held a conference call with the Regions to discuss screening priority criteria.
Under this initiative, OERR will evaluate screening priority criteria contained in Site
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Assessment guidance documents, and compare the criteria to environmental justice
health and environmental issues. Criteria will allow consideration of appropriate fac-
tors in those areas with high concentrations of minority and low-income populations.
Completed Milestones
2/95 Held a conference call with Regions to discuss screening priority criteria.
Contact
Sharon Frey, (703) 603-8817
Region 1
Region I identified environmental justice screening criteria and considered what was
the optimal point to apply criteria in the site assessment pipeline: preliminary assess-
ment (PA) completed, site investigation (SI) completed, hazard ranking scoring (HRS)
started, national priorities list (NPL) proposed, or NPL finalized. The Region selected
the PA completed and HRS started as the optimal screening points. Screening will be
implemented during the second quarter of fiscal year 1995.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Developed environmental justice screening criteria.
9/94 Selected the screening point.
Contact
Carl DeLoi, (617) 573-9645
Region 5
Region 5 developed a site screening/criteria model in January 1995 to assist in estab-
lishing priorities within the Region's Superfund program. Environmental justice con-
cerns have been identified as a qualifier in the site screening/criteria model. In addi-
tion, Site Assessment Teams (SATs) routinely evaluate environmental justice concerns
as part of the overall assessment. The Regional Decision Making Team (RDT) is
briefed by the SATs prior to the final site determinations. Should environmental jus-
tice issues exist, the SATs inform the RDT. The RDT would then factor these environ-
mental justice concerns into its prioritization and findings decisions.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Drafted site screening/criteria model that includes environmental justice
qualifier.
Contact
Bill Messenger, (312) 353-1057
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Region 1O
Region 10 has initiated an environmental justice effort by defining areas that are ethni-
cally diverse. After identifying affected communities, the Region will narrow the field
of potential candidate sites and implement the pilot field-screening of sites starting in
September 1995.
Completed Milestones
H/94 Identified ethnically diverse areas.
Contact
David Bennett, (206) 553-2103
Action Item
Develop supplemental risk assessment guidance in coordination with Agency-
wide efforts to address environmental justice.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
OERR provided funding for a joint project between Region 9, Region 10, and Office
of Research and Development/Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ORD/
ECAO) (Cincinnati) to develop better estimates of fish consumption in Asian/Pacific
populations and will continue to track the progress of this project to identify exposure/
risk factors unique to minority and low-income populations. During fiscal year 1996,
OERR plans to issue guidance on the use of new exposure and population sensitivity
information in Superfund. The new guidance will provide risk assessment tools ad-
equate to address all biologically sensitive individuals or populations that may be ex-
posed to Superfund site threats. The guidance may also address risks posed by sources
other than those at a Superfund site (e.g., permitted industrial emissions, lead paint),
which will allow for an assessment of cumulative risks.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Provided funding for a joint project between Regions 9 and 10 and ORD
ECAO (Cincinnati) to develop better estimates of fish consumption in
Asian/Pacific populations.
Contact
LisaAskari, (703) 603-8799
Region 1O
Region 10 risk assessors are continuing to participate in the Agency Science Policy
Steering Committee and the Risk Assessment Forum to develop guidance for cumula-
tive risk. Region 10 risk assessors are also participating in an assessment of cumula-
tive risk to Native Americans on the Columbia River. The data from this assessment
will be used to define exposure limits for all Regional actions. An initial draft of the
quality assurance project plan has been written and is currently under internal review.
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Completed Milestones
3/95 Participated in periodic Agency Science Policy Steering Committee and
the Risk Assessment Forum.
3/95 Completed draft quality assurance project plan of the "Assessment of
Chemical Contaminants in Fish Consumed by Four Native American
Tribes in the Columbia River Basin" for internal review.
Contact
Pat Cirone, (206)553-1597
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Health, Cumulative Risk, Synergistic
Effects, and Multiple Pathways topic area.]
Action Item
Evaluate remedy selection and speed of cleanups in communities with environ-
mental justice issues.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
Some stakeholders have questioned whether Superfund sites in minority and/or low-
income communities are cleaned up as quickly, or have remedies as protective, as non-
minority or high-income sites. OERR is evaluating some of these concerns in an
internal statistical and demographic analysis of NPL sites. G1S technology, LandView,
and 1990 census data are being used to categorize demographic and median income
characteristics of populations living around NPL sites. A better characterization of the
population and demographics around sites will greatly improve community relations
initiatives, particularly at minority and low-income communities.
Completed Milestones
2/95 Analyzed Regional sites with environmental justice concerns.
2/95 Completed analysis for all NPL sites.
Contact
Rafael Gonzalez, (703) 603-8892
Region 1O
The Policy, Planning and Evaluation Branch of the Region completed a draft report
and analysis of Region 10 enforcement actions related to environmental justice. The
primary report goals are to identify the distribution of populations surrounding
CERCLIS sites in Region 10 by race and income, and to suggest ways Region 10 can
mediate any environmental inequities uncovered by the project.
Completed Milestones
11 /94 Completed draft report.
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Contact
Joyce Kelly, (206) 553-4029
Action Item
Coordinate indoor lead paint removal with other agencies.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
Superfund will work with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD),
and EPA Regional On-Scene Coordinators (OSCs) and RPMs to develop a list of
Superfund sites having low-income or minority housing that may be eligible for HUD
Lead Abatement grants, and will provide information to OSCs and RPMs on how to
apply for these grants. There are currently few regulatory options and mechanisms for
funding indoor lead paint cleanup. This initiative may help address paint cleanup in
housing near some Superfund sites. In October 1994, OERR initiated a survey of past
Superfund and other Federal agency decisions regarding how indoor lead paint threats
have been addressed, and the results were discussed with Superfund Branch Chiefs. In
May 1995, OERR will coordinate with HUD to define a list of Superfund sites where
there is low-income or minority housing that may be eligible for HUD Lead Abate-
ment grants. In September 1995, OERR will issue final guidance on addressing in-
door lead paint cleanups at Superfund sites with low-income or minority housing HUD
Lead Abatement grants.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Implemented rotational assignments of OERR staff members to HUD to
examine HUD options.
10/94 Initiated a survey of past Superfund and other Federal agency decisions
regarding how indoor lead paint threats have been addressed.
11/94 Discussed patterns, lead paint survey results, draft options with
Superfund Branch Chiefs.
Contact
LisaAskari, (703) 603-8799
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Federal Interagency Cooperation topic
area.]
Region 6
As part of the Superfund Remedial Investigation at the RSR Corporation (West Dallas
Lead) site in Dallas, Texas, Region 6 is working closely with the Dallas Housing Au-
thority (DHA) and indirectly with HUD to address lead contamination in a Federally
funded housing project (Operable Unit 2). An in-home sampling project has been
completed. This information was used to "calibrate" the lead Uptake Biokinetic model,
and will be incorporated into the remedy selection process at all Operable Units, in-
cluding the DHA/HUD property.
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Completed Milestones
2/94 Provided sampling results to residents.
3/95 Completed demolition of 167 buildings.
Contact
Carl Edlund, (214) 655-6664
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Federal Interagency Cooperation topic
area.]
Action Item
Assist Indian Tribes financially and technically to build response capacity.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response's (OERR's) Superfund Tribal Involve-
ment Program continues to work with Native Americans to involve them in the
Superfund cleanup process more effectively. OERR is completing the survey report on
CERCLIS sites on or near Native American lands. Upon completion, the Region will
develop a Tribal Outreach and Implementation Plan based on the CERCLIS sites on
Native American lands. The plan may include outreach efforts such as a Superfund
Tribal Conference, Funding Application Kits, and training modules. Superfund will
continue to offer Tribal governments assistance with existing programs while
evaluating how to meet identified training and information needs more effectively.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Co-planned the OSWER-sponsored Second National Tribal Conference
on Environmental Management, hosted by the Eastern Band of the
Cherokee in Cherokee, North Carolina.
5/94 Conducted Response Agreements Seminar (with Tribal participation) in
Region 10 and Emergency Response Workshop with Tribal components.
5/94 Developed Local Government Reimbursement module for Tribes as part
of First Responders Training in Fall 1994.
Contact
Bruce Engelbert, (703) 603-8711
Diana Hammer, (703) 603-8775
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic area.]
Region 4
Region 4 will provide Native American Tribes with General Assistance Grants, admin-
istered through Region 4's Office of Policy and Management's Federal Activities
Branch, for planning, developing, and establishing the capacity to implement pro-
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grams administered by EPA. In the area of Superfund, EPA will provide technical
assistance in identifying and investigating hazardous waste on Tribal lands. Specifi-
cally, where capacity to implement a site discovery/site assessment program exists or
is built, the Region will provide funding through cooperative agreements so that the
Tribal governments may implement their own site discovery and site assessment pro-
grams. The time frame for completing the preliminary assessments of the two existing
sites is approximately six months. Completing a preliminary assessment of a site is
approximately one year from the date of its inclusion on CERCLIS. Technical assis-
tance is an ongoing activity.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Informed Tribes of the Superfund process.
12/94 Completed preliminary assessments at two CERCLA sites.
Contacts
Dorothy Rayfield, (404) 347-5059
Arthur Linton, (404) 347-7292
Region 5
Region 5 continued work on the Bad River Sludge Sites located on the Bad River
Reservation, including fmalization of a Cooperative Agreement (CA) between EPA
and the Tribe. A CA is also under development for the Leech Lake Tribe in conjunc-
tion with the St. Regis/Champion Paper Site, located in Cass Lake, Minnesota.
The Region continued Title III training for Tribes requesting the First Responders
Course, and conducted three courses hosted by the Grand Portage Reservation, Red
Cliff Reservation, and Hannahville Reservation. Training included Title III represen-
tation.
Contact
Dan Cozza (312) 886-7252
Region 6
Region 6 is responsible for creating and implementing the nation's first Tribal envi-
ronmental consortia. The Region developed and funded Native American-lead
Superfund programs for several Native American Nations that now interact directly
with the Region in the Superfund decision-making process. The Inter-Tribal Environ-
mental Council's (ITEC's) Office of Environmental Services, through a Superfund
Multi-site Cooperative Agreement, is providing the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma
with the expertise and skills to investigate and resolve potential hazardous waste sites
on Seminole Nation lands. A separate Cherokee Nation multi-media grant has been
used, in part, for a multi-Tribal site discovery program that identified three potential
sites on Seminole lands. PAs on these sites will be performed upon completion of the
ITEC Cooperative Agreement, which is being finalized.
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Completed Milestones
9/94 Funded all Native American Superfund program cooperative agreements
for fiscal year 1995.
Contact
Mark Satterwhite, (214) 665-8505
Region 9
Region 9 is focusing on developing the response capacity of the Navajo Nation by
awarding site assessment and core grants to assist the Navajo Nation with developing
regulations to address hazardous wastes. During the past six months, the Navajo
Superfund Program submitted the following deliverables under the Core Program
Cooperative Agreement: first draft Navajo Hazardous Substance Code, first draft Navajo
Nation Public Participation Manual, and first draft Superfund Memorandum of Agree-
ment for Site Assessments. For Tribes other than the Navajo, the Region is working
with Regional States and State Emergency Response Committees to identify the Tribes'
training and equipment needs.
Milestones Completed
10/94 Received first draft Navajo Hazardous Substance Code.
12/94 Received first draft Navajo Nation Public Participation Manual.
1/95 Received first draft Superfund Memorandum of Agreement for Site As-
sessments.
Contacts
Carolyn Douglas, (415) 744-2343
Barbara Joy, (415) 744-2202
Region 1O
Region 10's Superfund Program currently has four Support Agency Cooperative Agree-
ments with Tribes covering six sites. The purpose of these agreements is to provide
funding to the Tribes to allow full participation in the Superfund process at these sites.
Information regarding eligibility and how to apply for these cooperative agreements
was provided in a recent Region 10 publication on forms of assistance available to
Tribes and was distributed to all Tribes in the Region.
In early 1994, EPA initiated an emergency Superfund removal action to provide tem-
porary drinking water at the Fort Hall Reservation upon the request of the Bannock
Tribes. The removal action has been completed and no additional technical EPA sup-
port is required at this time.
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Completed Milestones
5/94 Installed an activated carbon treatment system to treat Fort Hall
Townsite public well water.
6/94 Distributed information to all Tribes.
Contact
Kirk Robinson, (206) 553-1204.
Bub Loiselle, (206) 553-6901
Action Item
Establish a pilot program to train minority and/or low-income workers in the
hazardous waste cleanup field.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The opportunity to participate in the economic benefits of a Superfund cleanup is often
not available to low-income or minority residents who live close to Superfund sites.
This pilot program is designed as a partnership between EPA, HUD, the Department of
Health and Human Services (HHS), other Federal agencies, and the local community,
to provide training to minorities and low-income residents in the hazardous waste
cleanup field. In Spring 1995, OERR will meet with HUD and HHS to determine
services they can provide and develop a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with
HUD and HHS on cooperation in this program, including services they can provide
(e.g., transportation, workers, stipends, day care). During the Summer 1995, OERR
will select one or more pilot sites for the minority worker training program, including
consultation with the site contractor and local community to determine their interest in
the program. OERR will involve the community in developing criteria for selecting
low-income and/or minority workers at the designated sites. The goal of the initiative
is to train apprentices for future employment in the hazardous waste clean-up field.
Contractors will employ apprentices who will work under the supervision of a union
journeyman. Upon completion of the training, an apprentice may be able to find em-
ployment opportunities in the hazardous waste clean-up field.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Held a preliminary meeting with HUD and HHS to discuss initiating
minority worker training program.
Contact
Suzanne Wells, (703) 603-8863
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Federal Interagency Cooperation; the
Outreach, Communications, and Partnerships; and the Contracts, Grants, and Labor
topic areas.]
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Program-Specific Issues
Oil Pollution Act (OPA)
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Oil Pollution Act
Oil Pollution Act
Identify the types and characteristics of oil storage facilities most likely
to be located in poor or minority areas 169
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response 169
Region? 169
Target inspections and enforcement activities in communities
with environmental justice concerns 169
Region 1 170
Region! 170
Region 6 170
Region? 171
Region 9 171
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Oil Pollution Act
Topic Area: Oil Pollution Act
Action Item
Identify the types and characteristics of oil storage facilities most likely to be
located in poor or minority areas.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
The Oil Pollution program is conducting a statistical survey of approximately 30,000
oil storage facilities across the nation. Combining the survey results with county cen-
sus data will enable EPA to identify the types and characteristics of oil storage facili-
ties most likely to be located in poor or minority areas.
The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR) expects to complete devel-
opment of a full survey questionnaire in the early spring of 1995. The full survey
instrument will be distributed to recipient facilities nationwide. OERR will complete
the survey and begin analysis of survey data linked to census data to be completed by
summer 1996. Through this effort the Oil Pollution program will characterize the
number and types of facilities located near minority and low-income communities.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Analyzed and completed pilot phase of survey.
Contact
Joe Rauscher, (703) 603-9073
Region 7
Region 7 has analyzed census data and identified the high priority counties that may
have environmental justice concerns. The list of oil pollution facilities needing in-
spections has been prioritized against the census data.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Completed a list of facilities.
1/95 Converted addresses and prioritized the inspection list.
Contact
Alan Wehmeyer, (913) 551-7336
Action Item
Target inspections and enforcement activities in communities with environmen-
tal justice concerns.
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Program-Specific Issues
Region 1
Region I's Environmental Justice Enforcement Plan is to triple the number of inspec-
tions in areas with environmental justice concerns. The Region has completed six
inspections in the States of Connecticut and Rhode Island. Additional inspections are
planned for 1995.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Completed 8 inspections in areas with environmental justice con-
cerns.
Contact
Dave Tordoff, (617) 860-4362
Region 2
During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 1994 and the first quarter of fiscal year 1995,
the Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) program has conducted 19
SPCC inspections in areas with environmental justice concerns. Of the 19 inspec-
tions, 4 were inspected as part of consolidated multi-media inspections. The SPCC
program is planning to conduct 200 inspections by the end of this fiscal year, and is
targeting facilities located in communities with environmental justice concerns. It is
expected that the SPCC program will meet or exceed the 30 percent figure for inspec-
tions conducted in environmental justice areas given in the "OSWER Environmental
Justice Draft Final Report."
Completed Milestones
1994-1995 Conducted 19 SPCC inspections.
Contact
Bruce Sprague, (908) 321-6656
Region 6
The industrial corridor along the Mississippi River from Baton Rouge to New Orleans,
Louisiana, contains a large number of petrochemical transportation, storage, and pro-
cessing facilities, and subsequently, receives a significant portion of the oil spill pre-
vention and response efforts of Region 6. The Region reviewed a list of regulated
facilities and conducted a preliminary review of spill plans. A list of all facilities
subject to the requirements of the Oil Pollution Act (OPA) will be developed, and all
Facility Review Plans (FRPs) will be reviewed for compliance.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Completed facility reviews.
Contact
Jim Staves, (214) 665-2277
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Oil Pollution Act
Region 7
Region 7 has analyzed census data and has identified the high priority counties that
may have environmental justice concerns. Inspections will first be conducted in the
counties with possible environmental justice concerns.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Analyzed the census data and identified high priority counties.
Contact
Alan Wehmeyer, (913) 551-7336
Region 9
Region 9 compared an initial sample of 16 inspections conducted in fiscal year 1995 to
census-based targeting criteria. To date, Region 9 has completed 13 percent of the
inspections in areas with potential environmental justice concerns that met both eco-
nomic and ethnic criteria. The Region conducted 50 percent of the inspections in areas
that met the economic criteria.
Contact
Elliott Easterling, (415) 744-2308
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Program-Specific Issues
Underground Storage Tanks
(USTs)
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Underground Storage Tanks
Underground Storage Tanks
Provide guidance for State and local agencies on considering environmental justice
as a qualitative factor in priority-ranking systems for State-lead cleanup
and enforcement activities 177
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 177
Region 9 177
Provide outreach to States, Indian Tribes, and local agencies 178
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 178
Region 2 179
Regions 179
Region 9 180
Incorporate environmental justice criteria into UST State grant and cooperative agreements 180
Region 1 180
Region! 181
Regions 182
Region 9 182
Encourage minority contractors to apply for certification: and award a grant
to National Association of Minority Contractors 182
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 182
Find ways to provide funds and technical assistance to State and Tribal governments 183
Office of Underground Storage Tanks 183
Region 2 183
Region3 184
Region 4 184
Region 6 184
Regions 185
Region 9 186
Work with other federal agencies to incorporate environmental justice issues
into UST and LUST programs 186
Region 10 186
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Underground Storage Tanks
Topic Area: Underground Storage Tanks
Action Item
Provide guidance for State and local agencies on considering environmental
justice as a qualitative factor in priority-ranking systems for State-lead cleanup
and enforcement activities.
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
States that receive Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) Trust Fund money
have developed priority ranking systems for sites requiring cleanup. The Office of
Underground Storage Tanks (OUST) issued a revised "State UST Program Grant Guid-
ance" to encourage States to consider environmental justice as a qualitative factor in
priority-ranking systems for State-lead cleanup and enforcement activities. As a result
of this guidance, Region 3 has included language in all of their grants and cooperative
agreements with States for fiscal year 1995.
In another initiative, OUST and Regional Offices developed a priority-setting system
to be used by the Regions for initiating and overseeing corrective action on Native
American lands. OUST also developed a system for prioritizing releases and provided
guidance on how Regional oversight efforts differ based on a site's priority.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Issued revised "State UST Program Grant Guidance."
Contacts
Sammy Ng, (703) 308-8882 (Guidance)
Bob Greenfield, (703) 308-8871 (Native Americans)
Irv Auerbach, (703) 308-8862 (Native Americans)
Region 9
In response to a meeting between Administrator Browner and Mayor Harris of the City
of Oakland (a city with a predominant minority population), Region 9 has formed a
task force to develop a prototype alternative to the traditional approach of setting cleanup
standards on a site-by-site basis. The task force included representatives from State,
county, and city agencies as well as representatives from Region 9. The purpose of
this project is to investigate historical and current data to establish uniform procedures
for similar areas (i.e., set cleanup standards for designated classes of sites and correc-
tive action activities) and to standardize the site remediation process. The project also
will identify ways to use limited resources effectively at contaminated sites that pose a
risk to human health and the environment and identify ways to accelerate site
remediation.
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Program-Specific Issues
Completed Milestones
10/94 Acquired funding to initiate project.
2/95 Presented final statement of work to task force.
3/95 Initiated work on project by contractor.
Contacts
Pat Eklund, (415)744-2079
Martin Rodriguez, (415) 744-2076
Matt Small, (415)744-2078
Action Item
Provide outreach to States, Indian Tribes, and local agencies.
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
Headquarters guidance on environmental justice issues is important because it main-
tains consistency across all Regional environmental justice plans. Headquarters de-
veloped and issued an environmental justice fact sheet to State UST and LUST man-
agers. This fact sheet defines environmental justice, explains how EPA is addressing
it, and how UST programs can address environmental justice concerns.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Issued environmental justice fact sheet.
Contact
Sammy Ng, (703) 308-8882
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Outreach, Communications, and Partner-
ships topic area.]
In another effort, OUST issued a UST and LUST Native American Land Policy state-
ment in July 1993. The statement will continue to be revised lo incorporate improve-
ments that have been or will be completed in fiscal years 1995 and 1996. In fiscal year
1995, Congress gave EPA the ability to provide LUST funds to Tribes through RCRA
Section 8001 program demonstration grants. In addition, Regions are working to im-
prove their oversight of corrective actions as well as their ability to provide technical
assistance to owners and operators of USTs on Indian lands.
Contacts
Bill Lienesch, (703) 308-8873
Amy Haseltine, (703) 308-8898
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Region 2
Region 2 translated a booklet developed by OUST, "Don't Wait Until 1998," into Spanish
and distributed it to the Spanish-speaking regulated community. The purpose of the
book is to assist UST owners in understanding the 1998 tank upgrade and replacement
requirements. The booklet is being distributed primarily in Puerto Rico. A copy of the
Spanish-translated version was sent to OUST and other Regional offices.
Completed Milestones
4/95 Distributed booklet to the Spanish-speaking community.
Contact
Dit Cheung, (212)637-4124
Region 5
During a meeting on environmental justice in Cincinnati, Ohio, with representatives
of community groups, EPA officials from Headquarters and Region 5 were informed
that there were several USTs located at a housing project called the Winton Terrace
Public Housing Complex, a Housing and Urban Development (HUD) building man-
aged by the Cincinnati Metropolitan Housing Authority. EPA officials agreed to look
into the situation even though it was not clear whether the USTs were federal or State-
regulated USTs.
During its investigation, EPA discovered that the 30 USTs present at the site were not
covered by EPA or Ohio's regulations. EPA held a meeting to discuss technical logis-
tics and included representatives from Region 5's OUST and Office of Public Affairs,
Ohio's Bureau of UST Regulations, Cincinnati's Fire Prevention Bureau, Cincinnati
Metropolitan Housing Authority, and two cleanup contractors hired by HUD to re-
move the USTs. During the meeting, participants established a removal schedule to
prioritize those tanks that should be moved first. To ensure the safety of residents and
children returning home from school, participants decided that excavations would be
completed and backfilled by 3:00 p.m.
EPA held a second meeting at the housing complex with the building residents to
present the details of the UST removals and to answer any questions. The removal
process is underway and the Cincinnati Metropolitan Housing Authority will inform
the residents of all phases of the operation.
Removal of these USTs began in March 1995. Most of the USTs were found not to be
leaking and not to have leaked in the past.
Completed Milestones
2/95 Held two meetings regarding technical and community elements of site
cleanup.
3/95 Removed 13 USTs.
Contact
Gerry Phillips, (312) 353-4509
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Program-Specific Issues
Region 9
Region 9 developed an outreach campaign and provided training to owners and opera-
tors of USTs (including Tribal governments) and contractors providing UST-related
services. Activities included drafting a consultants manual that describes what owners
and operators must do to comply with UST requirements, conducting six 3-day work-
shops on Indian lands, and implementing a "Circuit Rider" program in California,
Nevada, and Arizona to conduct outreach and provide assistance to Tribal govern-
ments in identifying abandoned USTs.
The Region 9 Circuit Rider is involved in the continuous process of identifying new
sites and owners and operators of abandoned UST sites. The Circuit Rider also pro-
vides copies of a UST Notification form which is sent to the Region 9's OUST with a
30-day request for closure of tank(s). The Region provides information to owners and
operators on resources that may be used to close the UST. The owners and operators
are responsible for working with EPA to assess and clean up the site in the event a
release is discovered during closure.
In other efforts, Region 9 renewed its grant for $65,000 to the Navajo Nation. The
Navajo Nation will use the grant to oversee tank removals and identify abandoned
USTs. The Region also continued to provide technical training to all of the Indian
Tribes in the region and assisted Tribal governments in obtaining access to State finan-
cial assurance funds.
In addition, the Region plans to issue bilingual booklets in Spanish that explain the
federal UST release detection and remediation of LUST requirements in simplified
terms. If the proposed booklet project is not feasible, OUST has proposed to duplicate
a previously-translated Spanish training video, "Looking for the Honest Tank."
Completed Milestones
9/94 Distributed consultants manual.
11/94 Conducted six 3-day workshops on Indian Lands where over 200 attended.
3/94 Implemented California and Nevada Circuit Rider program.
9/94 Renewed grant to Navajo Nation.
Contact
Pat Eklund, (415) 744-2079
Action Item
Incorporate environmental justice criteria into UST State grant and coopera-
tive agreements.
Region 1
Region I is working with the States of Massachusetts and Connecticut to incorporate
environmental justice concerns into their State program approval (SPA) that they sub-
mitted to EPA in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Each State submitted an approved
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environmental justice policy with their SPA application, certifying that its citizens
would not be denied equal access to environmental benefits because of racial or eco-
nomic make-up nor bear a disproportionate share of the risks and consequences of
environmental policy.
EPA held a public hearing on June 30,1994, to address the Massachusetts SPA appli-
cation. Environmental justice groups at the meeting raised several issues regarding
the State program and regulations that were addressed by EPA and the State-lead UST/
LUST agencies. One of the issues raised concerned how the State should identify and
remove abandoned USTs. These groups also wanted the State to develop a multi-
lingual public participation and outreach program, reform State rules to allow commu-
nity groups access to the State financial assurance fund for cleanup of contaminated
properties, and to include socioeconomic criteria in determining UST/LUST policies.
A public hearing for Connecticut's SPA approval is scheduled for the summer of 1995.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Held public hearing on approval of Massachusetts SPA application.
12/94 State addressed public comments on environmental justice for
Massachusetts's SPA application.
Contacts
Myra Schwartz, (617) 573-5743
Jonathan Walker, (617) 573-9602
Region 2
Region 2 is providing technical assistance and is identifying the appropriate mecha-
nisms for multi-media environmental management support to Indian Tribes. For this
effort, Region 2 provided grants to the Seneca, Mohawk, and Oneida Nations during
fiscal year 1994 in the amounts of $125,000; $151,669; and $125,568 respectively. In
fiscal year 1995, grants were provided to the same Tribes, $155,430; $142,577; and
$110,000, respectively. The grants were provided to conduct multimedia environmen-
tal assessments and UST inspections. Region 2 also provided funds to the Air, Water,
Superfund, Wetlands, and Radon programs to further support activities in Tribal na-
tions. In addition, Region 2 established an Indian Workgroup made up of representa-
tives of all these programs to examine other mechanisms for assistance to Tribal gov-
ernments.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Provided grants for fiscal year 1994.
3/95 Provided additional funding to Air, Water, Superfund, Wetlands, and Ra-
don programs.
4/95 Provided grants for fiscal year 1995.
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Program-Specific Issues
Contacts
Christine Yost, (212) 264-6722
Dit Cheung, (212)637-4124
Alice Whitney, (212) 264-9000
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic area.]
Region 3
Region 3 amended the grant/cooperative agreement (CA) language in fiscal year 1995
for UST grants and LUST CAs to States. The changes to grants and CAs address
environmental justice concerns in compliance inspections and in the priority ranking
of LUST sites.
Contact
Patricia Tan, (215) 597-8392
Region 9
In March 1995, Region 9 provided the States with specific grant guidance on incorpo-
rating environmental justice initiatives in certain workplan activities such as leak de-
tection inspections and oversight of LUST sites. The Region also requires the States to
inform EPA of any environmental justice activities through quarterly reports.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Forwarded grant guidance to States.
Contact
Pat Eklund, (414)744-2079
Action Item
Encourage minority contractors to apply for certification; and award a grant to
National Association of Minority Contractors.
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
OUST awarded a grant of $100,000 to the National Association of Minority Contrac-
tors to train and certify minority contractors in the removal, installation, monitoring,
and leak detection of USTs. This grant will allow for approximately 90 contractors to
be trained (at three sessions with 30 firms per session) in fiscal year 1995. Approxi-
mately 450 contractors have been trained over the last five years.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Awarded grant.
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Contact
Shonee Clark, (703) 308-8895
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Contracts, Grants, and Labor topic area.]
Action Item
Find ways to provide funds and technical assistance to State and Tribal govern-
ments.
Office of Underground Storage Tanks
To increase Tribal ability to use the LUST program, OUST requested Congressional
authority to give LUST Trust Fund monies to Indian Tribes through RCRA Section
8001. These funds will be used to help Tribes develop the capability to implement an
UST program.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Request for monies to Indian Tribes approved.
Contact
Bill Lienesch, (703) 308-8873
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic area.]
OUST also has been reviewing when and how LUST Trust Fund monies may be used
to fund cleanups in response to petroleum releases from UST systems on Indian Lands.
OUST is drafting guidance that will replace a previous OSWER policy directive on
conducting Federal-lead UST corrective action.
Completed Milestones
3/95 Draft outline of new guidance sent to UST/LUST Regional Program
Managers for review.
Contacts
Maria Hebenstreit, (703) 308-8566
Amy Haseltine, (703) 308-8898
Region 2
Region 2 is providing technical assistance to Indian Tribes for the management of
USTs. As part of empowering Native American Tribes to become self-sufficient in
managing USTs and solid waste landfills, the Regional Administrator held a meeting
with leaders of the St. Regis Mohawk and Oneida Tribes, which are two of the seven
federally recognized Indian Nations. Region 2 plans to conduct a seminar in May
1995 to assist the Tribes in developing local programs for USTs and solid waste land-
fills.
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Program-Specific Issues
Completed Milestones
11/94 Met with leaders of the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe.
3/95 Met with leaders of the Oneida tribe.
Contact
Dit Cheung, (212)637-4124
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Native/American Tribal Issues topic area.]
Region 3
As part of an ongoing effort to encourage States to enforce UST regulations in envi-
ronmental justice communities, Region 3 targeted 11 facilities with USTs in the cities
of Chester and Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania, for inspection during the summer of 1994.
These inspections identified violations which included improper leak detection, fail-
ure to close unused tanks, and lack of financial mechanisms for cleanup of releases
should they occur. Violators were issued on-the-spot field citations with penalty amounts
ranging from $300 to $700.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Inspected of 11 facilities with USTs.
Contact
Patricia Tan, (215) 597-8392
Region 4
The Region 4 UST Compliance Team conducted inspections of the UST facilities on
the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians Reservation. During inspections a number
of UST leak detection violations were documented. The Region 4 UST Compliance
Team has worked with the tribe to correct these leak detection violations which, if left
uncorrected, could result in a petroleum release going undetected and becoming a
major health and environmental problem.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Completed inspection of UST facilities on the Mississippi Band of Choctaw
Indians Reservation.
Contact
Mike Hollinger, (404) 347-3866, x6615
Region 6
At the request of the Santa Clara Indian Pueblo, Region 6's OUST provided assistance
in determining the extent of contamination from a leaking UST on Pueblo lands within
the City of Espanola, New Mexico. Region 6 obtained the services of a contractor to
carry out sampling and testing activities and concluded that the site posed only a mini-
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mal threat, and recommended that the Santa Clara Pueblo conduct periodic testing of
groundwater.
In December 1994, the Santa Clara Indian Pueblo in Espanola again requested assis-
tance to determine the extent of a suspected petroleum contamination believed to be
migrating from adjacent property. The UST Bureau of the New Mexico Environment
Department (NMED) acts as the implementing agency for the adjacent property. The
UST Bureau began sampling on the adjacent property in February 1995 to determine
whether the suspected release poses any threat to the Santa Clara Pueblo's property.
Results of the sampling were reported to EPA in mid-March 1995.
Completed Milestones
2/94 Conducted sampling of Santa Clara Indian Pueblo property in Espanola,
New Mexico.
12/94 Received request for UST technical assistance.
Contact
Guanita Reiter, (214) 665-6656
[Note: This entry is also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic area.]
Region 8
Region 8 assisted State and Tribal enforcement programs in complying with UST leak
detection requirements by taking direct Federal action both on and off Indian lands.
Region 8 conducted over 100 leak detection inspections, jointly with Tribal and State
authorities and issued 48 field citations at facilities on these lands with penalties rang-
ing from $50 to $650 per facility. The Region also issued five Notices of Violation
(NOVs) for federal facilities on Indian lands and issued an administrative order. [Note:
This entry is also reported under the Native American/Tribal Issues topic area.]
Region 8 developed and presented a seminar on meeting the requirements for upgrad-
ing USTs on the Wind River Reservation in Wyoming. The seminar was open to UST
owners and operators, consultants and contractors, State and local governments, and
Tribal officials. The seminar helped to raise the awareness, particularly forTribal mem-
bers, of the need to upgrade tanks early. Similar events are planned for at least one
location in other Region 8 States over the next several months.
Region 8 also developed and presented a course on corrosion and USTs. The course
was presented in one location in each State within Region 8. Tribal members were
invited and encouraged to attend a session to educate them on the need to upgrade
tanks on reservations.
Completed Milestones
9/93-9/94 Conducted leak detection inspections, issued field citations, NOVs, and
an administrative order.
7/94 Conducted corrosion seminars.
3/95 Conducted seminar on upgrading.
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Program-Specific Issues
Contacts
Suzanne Stevenson, (303) 293-1669 (Inspections)
Teri Bahrych, (303) 293-1484 (Upgrading Seminar on USTs)
Debbie Ehlert, (303) 293-1514 (Corrosion Seminars)
Region 9
Region 9 worked with the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) to modify their lease lan-
guage requiring cleanup of contaminated sites on Indian lands. Negotiations are un-
derway and should be completed by September 1995.
Region 9's OUST is working with the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
(ADEQ) and the SEDESOL (the Mexican equivalent of the United States EPA) Re-
gional Office in Nogales, Mexico, to conduct joint leak detection inspections in the
Nogales area, in both the United States and Mexico. The purpose of these inspections
is to exchange information and provide opportunities for cross-training.
In addition, Region 9's OUST is working with the County of San Diego to conduct a
week-long training on UST release detection and remediation of LUST sites for own-
ers and operators along the California/Mexico border and for Mexico's environmental
authorities.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Finalized workplan and project negotiations with San Diego County.
1/95 Initiated planning and organization of week-long training.
Contact
Jennie Bravinder, (415) 744-2104
Action Item
Work with other federal agencies to incorporate environmental justice issues
into UST and LUST programs.
Region 1O
Region 10 signed an interagency agreement (IAG) with BIA transferring $15,000 from
the LUST Trust Fund to BIA's Yakima Agency. The BIA, in turn, added the funds to an
existing natural resources contract with the Yakima Indian Nation which allowed the
tribe to conduct a reservation-wide survey of abandoned USTs.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Signed IAG with BIA.
Contacts
Geoff Keeler, (206) 553-1089
Jannine Jennings, (509) 865-5121, x654
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Program-Specific Issues
Chemical Emergency
Preparedness and Prevention
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Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
Expand the use of Computer Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO) and
Land View electronic software systems to support environmental justice communities 191
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office 191
Region 1 191
Region 2 192
Regions 192
Work with affected environmental justice communities to explain community right-to-know
information 192
Region 4. ,. 192
Region 6 192
Region? 193
Regions 193
Region 10. 194
Use the chemical safety audit program to promote environmental justice 194
Region 1 194
Region3 195
Region 6 195
Region?............. 195
Send a letter to all governors regarding efforts EPA is making on environmental
justice issues and requesting support in this effort 196
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office 196
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Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
Topic Area: Chemical Emergency
Preparedness and Prevention
Action Item
Expand the use of Computer Aided Management of Emergency Operations
(CAMEO) and LandView electronic software systems to support environmental
justice communities.
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
Office
The Computer Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO) software, de-
signed for use in emergency planning and response, is being issued in an updated
version for Windows. LandView, the CD-ROM reference atlas that combines maps
with demographic and economic census data along with EPA facility databases, is
scheduled for release in April 1995. CEPPO is preparing related communications
materials and will announce and distribute LandView. The Headquarters CEPPO will
train the Regions in use of the system, and the Regions will train States and local
groups in its application. The sets of 11 LandView disks are now in production and
will be available for purchase through the Department of Commerce. CEPPO is mak-
ing LandView available at no charge to certain audiences and is currently examining
the most appropriate ways to deliver the system to communities with environmental
justice concerns.
Completed Milestones
4/95 Began production of LandView disks and related outreach materials.
4/95 Planned LandView training session for Federal agencies involved with the
Interagency Task Force on environmental justice, to be held at the
National Archives and Records Administration in May 1995.
Contact
Tony Jover, (202) 260-1448
Region 1
Region I has conducted CAMEO training to create a cadre of certified CAMEO-DOS
instructors in New England. The new instructors are scheduling CAMEO courses
over the next fiscal year.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Conducted CAMEO training in Vermont that included environmental jus-
tice students.
Contact
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Program-Specific Issues Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Leonard B. Wallace IV, (617) 860-4694
Region 2
Region 2 is developing a pilot environmental justice outreach module that demon-
strates LandView to Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPC) and community
groups and explains community right-to-know information. Regional staff received a
test set of LandView disks, and they are becoming familiar with the system. Region 2
is currently selecting a community for the pilot and developing an environmental jus-
tice outreach strategy.
Contact
John Higgins, (908) 906-6194
Region 5
Region 5 staff are working on a pilot project to apply LandView at several sites. Re-
gion 5 has been mapping locations in two counties on the Mississippi River to learn
whether facilities are concentrated in areas of environmental justice concern.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Completed assembling database for mapping project.
Contact
Mark Horwitz, (312) 353-9045
Action Item
Work with affected environmental justice communities to explain community right-
to-know information.
Region 4
Region 4 is working to fully integrate environmental justice concerns into prepared-
ness and prevention activities. Efforts include coordinating activities with State Emer-
gency Response Committees (SERCs) and LEPCs, targeting geographical environ-
mental justice areas, developing a target list for chemical safety audits, and conducting
educational outreach activities.
Contact
Bill Taylor, (404) 347-3555, x6908
Region 6
Region 6 sponsored and held a State-wide conference for LEPCs near the New Or-
leans and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, industrial corridor that brought together regional
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Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
experts in the fields of toxicology, hazard analysis, and emergency response proce-
dures. The purpose of the conference was to address the broad needs of LEPCs, in-
cluding the integration of environmental justice representatives into their member-
ship. A responsible party funded the conference as part of the settlement of an en-
forcement action.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Sponsored conference for LEPCs.
Contact
Jim Staves, (214)665-2277
Region 7
Region 7 is working to incorporate environmental justice considerations into its pre-
paredness and prevention program. In this effort, Region 7 staff analyzed census data
and identified the counties in the Region that may have possible environmental justice
concerns. In high priority areas, staff are performing chemical safety audits and pro-
viding the results of the reports to the appropriate LEPC. Region 7 plans to conduct
education outreach to LEPCs, SERCs, and Tribal Emergency Response Commissions.
Completed Milestones
12/94 Completed report targeting environmental justice areas.
12/94 Developed audit target list
Contact
Alan Wehmeyer, (913) 551-7336
Region 8
Region 8 has begun extensive efforts to explain and disseminate community right-to-
know information to areas with environmental justice concerns. Specific activities
included the following:
• Sending letters to 28 Federally recognized Indian Tribes to offer assistance in train-
ing, outreach, and exercises in emergency response training;
• Attending a Tribe-sponsored hazardous materials conference on the Flathead Res-
ervation, Montana, to explain chemical accident preparedness and prevention as
well as emergency response;
• Conducting several hazardous materials training courses at the "awareness" and
"operations" levels for Indian Tribes in South Dakota and Montana;
• Holding a short-term peer exchange work session on emergency planning and re-
sponse in Kanab, Utah, for Indian Tribes in Utah and Arizona;
• Holding a Tribal environmental summit in Rapid City; the summit included a pre-
sentation on preparedness and prevention for all Indian Tribes in Region 8; and
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Program-Specific Issues
• Assisting the Pine Ridge Reservation with risk analysis for hazardous materials
during a site visit.
Completed Milestones
8/94 &
11/94 Sent letters to 28 Indian Tribes.
9/94 Conducted several hazardous material training courses at the "awareness"
and "operations" levels.
11/94 Held a short-term peer exchange work session on emergency planning
and response in Kanab, Utah.
12/94 Held a Tribal environmental summit including a presentation on prepared-
ness and prevention in Rapid City.
12/94 Assisted the Pine Ridge Reservation with risk analysis.
1/95 Attended a Tribe-sponsored hazardous materials conference on the Flat-
head Reservation.
Contact
Eric Steinhaus, (303) 294-7162
Region 1O
Region 10 is working with the Colville Tribe and nearby counties on emergency pre-
paredness. In fiscal year 1994, EPA funded a $10,000 grant through the State of Wash-
ington to the Lake Roosevelt Forum, which includes the Colville Tribe. The grant
funded a cross-border workshop and vulnerability analysis. The Spokane Tribe also
requested EPA assistance to conduct a vulnerability analysis for a smaller but similar
area.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Funded cross-border workshop and vulnerability analysis.
3/95 Began plans for vulnerability analysis for the Spokane Tribe.
Contact
Walter Jaspers, (206) 553-0285
Action Item
Use the chemical safety audit program to promote environmental justice.
Region 1
Region I conducted a full-scale chemical safety audit at a minority-owned small busi-
ness in Belmont, Massachusetts. Regional specialists provided recommendations for
preventing the inadvertent mixing of acids and cyanide solutions that release toxic
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Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
hydrogen cyanide gas. These recommendations, which included information on safety
criteria and environmental regulations, proved of economic benefit to the company.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Conducted chemical safety audit.
Contact
Ray DiNardo, (617) 860-4694
Region 3
Region 3 has fully incorporated its environmental justice checklist items into its chemical
safety audit program. Region 3 staff conducted a small-scale safety audit as a pilot for
the environmental justice checklist in conjunction with the Chester Initiative, which
deals with long-term environmental exposures and risks.
Contact
Kevin Koob, (215) 597-9355
Region 6
The Region 6 Contingency Planning Section in the Environmental Services Division
conducts four chemical safety audits per year. The audits focus on process safety at
facilities, emergency response procedures, community relations, and programs for ac-
cident preparedness and prevention. About 2,000 facilities are eligible for an audit
each year, which means a variety of selection criteria must be applied to identify the
most appropriate facilities to target. Audit specialists have now begun to use Region 6
environmental justice methodology, which is based on U.S. census data, as an addi-
tional criterion for selection of facilities for audits.
Completed Milestones
6/94 Developed selection criteria for audits.
7/94 Selected facilities for quarterly audits.
8/94 Conducted audits.
Contact
Jim Staves, (214)665-2277
Region 7
By analyzing U.S. census socio-economic data, Region 7 determined the counties with
the highest density of minority and economically disadvantaged populations in the
Region. By overlaying the location of facilities that are candidates for chemical safety
audits, Region 7 staff targeted audits at facilities that may have environmental justice
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Program-Specific Issues
concerns. These audits verify that facility contingency plans include provisions to
protect nearby residents in the event of a chemical emergency.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Prepared list of facilities for chemical safety audits.
9/94 Conducted audits.
Contact
Alan Wehmeyer, (913) 551-7336
Action Item
Send a letter to all governors regarding efforts EPA is making on environmental
justice issues and requesting support in this effort.
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
Office
The Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office (CEPPO) drafted a let-
ter asking governors to encourage the SERCs and LEPCs to appoint representatives to
reflect a broad representation of all populations in local areas, including minority and
economically disadvantaged populations. After EPA reviews and comments on the
letter, the National Governors Association will review the letter before its distribution
to governors.
Contact
Coriolana Simon, (202) 260-9779
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Waste Programs Environmental Justice
Program-Specific Issues
Technology Innovation
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Technology Innovation
Technology Innovation
Conduct demographic analysis of innovative technology sites 201
Technology Innovation Office 201
Continue efforts with the Small Business Administration to promote
small businesses that focus on environmental technologies 201
Technology Innovation Office 201
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Technology Innovation
Topic Area: Technology Innovation
Action item
Conduct demographic analysis of innovative technology sites.
Technology Innovation Office
As of the end of fiscal year 1993, innovative remediation technologies have been se-
lected at 263 Superfund National Priorities List sites. Ninety of these innovative
remediation technology sites are included in a site inventory with demographic data.
Technology Innovation Office (TIO) analyzed the demographic information on these
sites to determine whether any correlation exists between site demographics and inno-
vative technology selection.
Minority and low-income sites were identified by considering the racial/ethnic popu-
lation within a one-mile radius of the site, and comparing to the overall representation
of groups in the state containing the site. The analysis indicated no correlation be-
tween the selection of innovative treatment technologies and the racial, ethnic, and
income characteristics of the populations around these sites. That is, the proportion of
minority and low-income sites is essentially the same for the universe of sites choos-
ing innovative technologies as it is for all sites.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Conducted demographic analysis.
Contact
John Kingscott, (703) 308-8749
Action Item
Continue efforts with the Small Business Administration to promote small busi-
nesses that focus on environmental technologies.
Technology Innovation Office
TIO and the Office of Research and Development (ORD) entered into an interagency
agreement (IAG) in September 1993 to form a partnership between EPA and the Small
Business Administration (SBA) on new technologies and EPA programs, regulations,
and policies at Small Business Development Center (SBDC) offices around the coun-
try. The goals of the partnership, announced in a memorandum of understanding (MOU)
signed by EPA and SBA, are to:
• Promote the formation of small businesses that focus on environmental technolo-
gies;
• Assist technology developers in beginning and enhancing their business ventures;
• Assist potential customers of new technologies in identifying alternative technolo-
gies;
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Program-Specific Issues
• Create incentives to purchase environmentally superior technologies; and
• Assist small businesses with compliance by making regulatory information avail-
able for business.
These efforts could help foster more minority business in distressed areas, thereby
promoting economic redevelopment.
In an effort to provide mechanisms for small businesses to improve access to capital,
EPA (Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response) and SBA undertook a finance
study, which was released at the White House Conference on Sustainable Technolo-
gies in December 1994. This finance study focused on two categories of small busi-
nesses: developers and users. The study identified the size of developers' and users'
financing needs and barriers to obtaining financing. The study also presented policy
alternatives that focused on using existing programs (SBA and EPA programs) to avoid
creating any new funds or programs. One of the policy alternatives presented for
financing developers was the concept of an "Enviro Technology Bank of the US."
This bank would be an SBA's Small Business Investment Company (SBIC). SBICs,
licensed and regulated by the SBA, are privately owned and managed investment firms.
SBICs make venture capital investments in small businesses using their own funds
plus funds obtained by borrowing at favorable rates with an SBA guarantee and by
selling their preferred stock to SBA. The SBICs provide equity capital, long-term
loans, debt equity investments, and management assistance to small businesses. EPA
and SBA are continuing to meet with the Department of Energy, the Department of
Commerce, and senior White House staff to discuss future steps.
TIO also has performed a needs and capability assessment on environmental educa-
tion of small businesses through the SBDC network. In terms of this task, environ-
mental education includes: environmental programs, regulatory and compliance is-
sues, pollution prevention, recycling and remediation technologies, and technology
transfer. This project assessment was developed under the IAG between SBA and
EPA. Both agencies will use this assessment to develop resources and training for the
SBDC network.
EPA and SBA have reviewed the preliminary findings of the SBDC's needs and capa-
bilities with respect to environmental education. SBA's SBDC Office and EPA's TIO;
Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances; Office of Enforcement of Com-
pliance Assurance; Office of Solid Waste; and ORD will review these preliminary
findings and determine the need for subsequent inquiries. These offices also will con-
sider addressing the SBDC's needs by packaging environmental resource information
for SBDC distribution.
Completed Milestones
9/93 IAG signed by EPA/SBA.
11/93 MOU signed by EPA/SBA.
12/94 Finance study completed.
3/95 Preliminary findings of the SBDC's needs and capabilities reviewed.
Contact
Michael Forlini, (703) 308-8825
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Program-Specific Issues
Federal Facilities
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Federal Facilities
Federal Facilities
Incorporate environmental justice issues into the Federal Facilities Environmental
Dialogue Committee (FFERDC) recommendations for improving decision-making
at Federal facilities cleanups 207
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office 207
Provide information on and sensitize Federal agencies to environmental justice
concerns related to base closures and other high-priority Federal facility sites 207
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office 207
Region 1 209
Region 2 209
RegionS 211
Region 4 211
RegionS 212
Region 6 213
Region 7 214
RegionS 215
Region 9 217
Region 10 218
Educate minority populations on the environmental decision-making process
as related to cleanup of large Federal facilities 218
Region 4 218
Encourage Native American and Native Hawaiian stakeholder involvement 219
Region 2 219
Region 9 219
Region 10 220
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Federal Facilities
Topic Area: Federal Facilities
Action Item
Incorporate environmental justice issues into the Federal Facilities Environ-
mental Dialogue Committee (FFERDC) recommendations for improving deci-
sion-making at Federal facilities cleanups.
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office
The Federal Facilities Environmental Dialogue Committee (FFERDC) is a legally con-
stituted committee under the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA). The commit-
tee, which includes 50 representatives of Federal, state, tribal, and local agencies and
of environmental, community, and labor organizations, develops consensus policy rec-
ommendations for improving decision-making at Federal facilities. Initiated and co-
ordinated by EPA, the FFERDC is a leading body for involving stakeholders in devel-
oping national policy toward the cleanup of Federal facilities.
In January 1995, the FFERDC added five environmental justice representatives from
diverse communities including African-Americans, Hispanics, Pacific Islanders, and
Alaskan natives. Key issues under consideration by the FFERDC include: ensuring
environmental justice concerns are taken into account when prioritizing Federal facil-
ity cleanups; including representatives from disadvantaged communities on commu-
nity advisory boards; and improving minority and small business contracting at Fed-
eral facility cleanups. The FFERDC plans to release a final report with recommenda-
tions to the Federal government in December 1995.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Added representatives of environmental justice concerned groups to
FFERDC.
1/95 Held plenary meeting in San Francisco, California.
Contact
Sven-Erik Kaiser, (202) 260-5138
Action Item
Provide information on and sensitize Federal agencies to environmental justice
concerns related to base closures and other high-priority Federal facility sites.
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office
Restoration Advisory Boards
EPA's environmental justice support to other Federal agencies helps the agencies focus
their public outreach efforts to more equitably serve their communities. EPA and the
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Program-Specific Issues
Department of Defense (DOD) issued joint guidelines on establishing Restoration
Advisory Boards (RABs) on September 27, 1994. When environmental restoration is
planned for a military installation, RABs provide a framework for partnership among
the installation, the regulatory agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to result
in a more efficient, cost-effective, and focused approach to the restoration. The guid-
ance directed EPA regional programs to work with their military service counterparts
to ensure that input from all stakeholders is considered when decisions related to the
cleanup are made, thus increasing the acceptability of government decisions and re-
ducing conflict.
DOD policy requires RABs to be established at all closing installations and at non-
closing installations where the local community expresses interest. EPA has assisted
in establishing RABs at 69 major closing installations and at many other DOD instal-
lations. EPA participates in RAB meetings and ensures that environmental justice
issues are addressed. DOD and EPA offered RAB training sessions throughout the
country during the summer of 1994. Based on EPA's experience with the Technical
Assistance Grant (TAG) Program, EPA also is helping DOD develop mechanisms for
DOD funding of technical assistance to RABs and community groups.
Completed Milestones
9/94 EPA and DOD issued joint guidelines on RABs.
8/94 DOD and EPA conducted RAB training sessions throughout the country.
Contact
Linda Rutsch, (202) 260-1270
Site-Specific Advisory Boards
EPA also is working with the Department of Energy (DOE) to establish Site-Specific
Advisory Boards (SSAB) at all major DOE facilities. Similar to DOD's RABs, SSABs
provide a mechanism for stakeholder involvement in the cleanup decision-making
process. SSABs members represent residents that live at or near the site; local govern-
ment, citizen, and environmental groups; workers involved in or affected by the cleanup;
affected Indian Tribes; and Federal and state agencies. DOE issued interim guidance
for establishing SSABs in November 1994. Final guidance is under review, and joint
signature by EPA and DOE is planned,
Completed Milestones
11/94 DOE issued interim guidance.
Contact
Linda Rutsch, (202) 260-1270
Defense Environmental Restoration Response Task Force
In addition, EPA is a member of the Defense Environmental Response Task Force
(DERTF), a Congressionally mandated interagency task force charged with examining
the environmental issues associated with the cleanup and reuse of closing military
installations. The DERTF established an environmental justice working group in the
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summer of 1994. Recommendations from this working group regarding environmen-
tal justice at military base closings were included in the DERTF annual report to Con-
gress, issued in January 1995. These recommendations are as follows:
• DOD, EPA, the Department of Justice, and General Services Administration (as
appropriate) should ensure that programs among those agencies that involve simi-
lar objectives and activities with respect to environmental justice are consolidated
or coordinated.
• The Office of the Secretary of Defense should maintain liaison with committees
and organizations working on environmental justice and ensure that objectives
and processes related to environmental justice are incorporated into all cleanup
programs.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Issued DERTF annual report to Congress.
Contact
Linda Rutsch, (202) 260-1270
Region 1
Region I has begun an initiative to collect demographic data and prepare geographic
information system (GIS) maps for use when closing bases and other high priority
Federal facilities in the Region. These maps provide information on potential environ-
mental justice issues at the facilities and are used by EPA Remedial Project Managers
(RPMs), Federal facility RPMs, state RPMs, and facility commanders. This effort will
be followed by individual site meetings for those installations with environmental
justice issues. Region I will provide the base commanders of 15 Federal facilities
with methods and strategies to effectively address these issues. On April 7,1995, Re-
gion 1 sent GIS information with a letter of explanation to 15 Federal facilities.
Completed Milestones
1/95 Developed and gained approval of the plan to collect demographic data
and prepare GIS maps.
4/95 Sent GIS information with explanatory letters to 15 Federal facilities.
Contact
Patty Marajh-Whittemore, (617) 223-5582
Region 2
In accordance with DOD policy, RABs have been established at virtually all of its
facilities, most notably at base closure sites, but at non-base closure sites also. RAB
membership of widely diversified interests and representative of the surrounding com-
munities has been solicited by DOD representatives at its bases. At all National Prior-
ity List (NPL) sites and at some non-NPL sites EPA and the states are members of the
RAB, in addition to DOD. Other members of RABs may typically include local busi-
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Program-Specific Issues
ness, labor and environmental groups. Minority and economically depressed group
membership is actively solicited, but depending on interest, application, and active
participation, groups may or may not be represented on RABs. One such case is at
Plattsburgh Air Force Base, where representatives of the St. Regis Mohawk Indians
have met separately with Region 2 on several occasions to discuss interests in Plattsburgh
Air Force Base.
At the non-NPL former Raritan Arsenal New Jersey site (a DOD-Army-formerly used
defense site) EPA Region 2 is a member of the Technical Review Committee (TRC),
along with the Army, state, and local businesses and environmental groups. EPA to-
gether with the Army and state has worked to help expedite removal actions to foster
development for Middlesex County College which now occupies parts of this former
army arsenal. In addition, part of the site is occupied by the homeless.
Region 2 continues active participation on RABs and RAB meetings which are held at
least quarterly. The Region continues active solicitation of environmental justice groups
to participate on RABs and encourages discussions on environmental justice issues at
RAB meetings.
Completed Milestones
8/94 Initiated removal action at the Raritan Arsenal.
12/94 Griffiss Air Force Base RAB met.
12/94 Raritan Arsenal TRC met.
2/95 Plattsburgh Air Force Base RAB met.
3/95 Raritan Arsenal TRC met.
Contacts
Robert Wing, (212) 637-4332 (Federal Facilities)
Robert Morse, (212) 637-3564 (Plattsburgh)
Christine Yost, (212) 637-3564 (Indian Affairs)
Helen Shannon, (212) 637-4324 (Raritan Arsenal)
Douglas Pocze, (212) 637-4432 (Griffiss)
In addition to normal public comment on proposed plans, EPA Region 2 and cognizant
Federal facilities, together with states and local public officials, hosted site-specific
workshops and public meetings to address specific community concerns. At the DOE
Maywood and Wayne, New Jersey, sites, EPA Region 2, DOE, and the state partici-
pated in numerous public meetings and workshops to address community concerns
regarding radioactively contaminated soil cleanup and risk issues. Region 2 will con-
tinue to participate in workshops and public meetings to address a variety of commu-
nity concerns as needed.
Completed Milestones
11/91-3/95 Held public meetings for the Wayne, New Jersey, site.
12/90-3/95 Held public meetings held for the Maywood site.
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Contacts
Robert Wing, (212) 637-4332 (Federal Facilities)
Angela Carpenter, (212) 637-4433 (Wayne and Maywood)
Region 3
Region 3 collected demographic data and prepared GIS maps for each Base Realign-
ment and Closure (BRAC) installation and other high priority Federal facilities in the
Region. Region 3 sent letters to installation commanders describing the Environmen-
tal Justice Executive Order and provided the GIS maps. The Region asked for replies
by the end of January 1995. Region 3 held a day-long Federal facility RPM meeting to
discuss environmental justice issues. Facility responses to the environmental justice
letters were discussed at this meeting. Individual locations and sets of circumstances
were selected for further, more focused efforts.
The Region currently is planning a Federal facility training conference, "The 1995
Northeast Federal Facilities Environmental Conference—Compliance and Pollution
Prevention Through Improved Partnerships" to be held April 11-13, 1995. The meet-
ing will involve several hundred people. Environmental justice presentations will be
included in the agenda.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Developed and gained approval of plan to collect demographic data and
prepare GIS maps.
4/94 Oriented staff to environmental justice.
7/94 Prepared GIS maps of BRAC sites.
8/94 Analyzed maps, obtained field verification.
10/94 Presented Regional environmental justice plan to Federal Facilities Lead-
ership Council.
12/94 Sent letters to major commands with GIS maps and information on the
Environmental Justice Executive Order.
Contact
Jack Potosnak, (215) 597-2317
Region 4
The Region 4 Federal Facilities Branch hired a Community Relations Coordinator
(CRC) for DOD and BRAC installations. Region 4 CRC has reviewed three RAB
charters and eight community relations plans to ensure that environmental justice is-
sues are addressed. Region 4's contribution has included daily ex-officio support to
citizen boards, including significant use of technical staff, such as RPMs and program
managers. EPA's commitment in this area increases the opportunity for improvement
in environmental justice areas. The CRC continues to review RAB charters and com-
munity relations plans. In addition, all major BRAC installations in the Region have
established RABs or are in the process of completing RAB selection.
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Program-Specific Issues
The Region 4 BRAC team provided training to communities on environmental issues
affecting them. The training topics included the Superfund process, technology, and
understanding acronyms.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Hired CRC.
2/95 Completed BRAC team training.
Contacts
Tiki Whitfield, (404) 347-3555, x2045
Michelle Glenn, (404) 347-5245
In addition to hiring a CRC, Region 4 also has hired two minority interns to work in
the Federal Facilities Branch. One of the interns is providing environmental justice
and other community relations support at DOE sites. The other intern is providing
administrative and tracking support. In addition, Region 4 and DOE plan to jointly
sponsor a minority intern to work on issues associated with the DOE Savannah River
Site. The position was advertised in communities with people of color and in commu-
nities potentially impacted by the Savannah River Site.
Completed Milestones
1/94 Initiated the intern program.
2/95 Advertised intern positions for Savannah River Site.
Contact
Camilla Warren, (404) 347-3016
Region 5
EPA Region 5 is collecting demographic data and preparing GIS maps for five Federal
facilities in the Region. These maps provide information on potential environmental
justice issues at the facilities and are used by EPA RPMs, Federal facility RPMs, state
RPMs, and facility commanders. Once the maps are completed, the Region will send
them to the Federal facilities with a letter of explanation.
Region 5 also formed RABs at all 12 bases that are closing in the Region, making
concerted efforts to recruit representatives from affected groups. The EPA RPMs as-
signed to the closing bases will have environmental justice training and will monitor
all closure activities for environmental justice concerns.
Completed Milestones
3/94 Formed RABs.
12/94 Initiated the collection of demographic data.
Contact
Ken Tindall, (312) 886-9895
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Region 6
Region 6 is using GIS to identify installations with environmental justice concerns
that have been designated for closure or realignment under the BRAC Act. The Re-
gion also has begun to develop an environmental justice community outreach program
through the site RABs. RABs have been established at five bases in Region 6: Bergstrom
Air Force Base, Eaker Air Force Base, England Air Force Base, Dallas Naval Air Sta-
tion, and Fort Wingate.
Bergstrom Air Force Base is located on the southeastern boundary of the City of Aus-
tin, Texas. The percentage of minority population within the 50 square miles sur-
rounding Bergstrom Air Force Base is considered to be above the state average.
Bergstrom Air Force Base solicited potential nominations for RAB members from the
Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission, the Texas Attorney General's of-
fice, and the City of Austin. Letters inviting nominations for membership were issued
to several hundred individuals in February 1994. The Region also announced forma-
tion of the RAB in the local newspaper.
The RAB was established for Bergstrom in May 1994, and contains several members
of Hispanic or African-American heritage. The RAB conducts monthly meetings and,
at the request of EPA, publicly announces RAB meetings in the local newspaper. The
RAB also evaluated the need for translating some environmental materials into Span-
ish by contacting several Hispanic community leaders; from this evaluation, the RAB
determined that this was not necessary. Region 6 continues to participate in RAB
activities at this base.
Eaker Air Force Base is located in a predominantly agricultural area in Blytheville,
Arkansas, and the analysis indicates that the percentage of minority population within
the 50 square miles surrounding Eaker is above the state average. The higher minority
population indicates that Eaker is a site at which there are environmental justice con-
cerns. The Eaker Air Force Base Restoration Advisory Board, established in July
1994, provides a forum to address the environmental justice concerns through monthly
meetings. The base also has an active dialogue with the Quapaw Indians and the
Arkansas State Historic Preservation Officer concerning historic Native American ar-
eas within the base.
The demographic analysis of the area in and around England Air Force Base in Alex-
andria, Louisiana, indicated that the percentage of minority population within the 50
square miles surrounding the base is below the state average. Formation of a RAB for
the base was initiated by sending several hundred letters soliciting nomination of mem-
bers. The RAB for the base was established in April 1994.
Several of the RAB members, including the Community Co-Chair, are part of the
minority community from the surrounding Alexandria and Pineville areas. Notices of
the quarterly meetings are published in the local paper and sent to all interested parties
on the base mailing list. In addition, there has also been television, radio, and newspa-
per coverage of all meetings.
The 837-acre Dallas Naval Air Station is located 12 miles southwest of downtown
Dallas, Texas. The percentage of minority population within the 50 square miles sur-
rounding Dallas Naval Air Station is above the state average. Dallas Naval Air Station
solicited nominations for the RAB through public notices and an extensive mailing
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Program-Specific Issues
effort. A two-stage selection process was instituted to ensure diversity among the
members. The members selected represent minority groups, small businesses, large
businesses, academic communities, environmental activists, elected officials, neigh-
borhood associations, and labor unions. The RAB was formally established in July
1994; meetings are ongoing (initially monthly; now bi-monthly).
Fort Wingate is located near Gallop, New Mexico, in a predominantly rural setting.
The percentage of minority population within the 50 square miles surrounding Fort
Wingate is above the state average.
The RAB was established for the Fort Wingate Depot Activity in August 1994; meet-
ings are ongoing (monthly, or as appropriate). Fort Wingate is actively involved in
negotiations with the Bureau of Indian Affairs regarding Native American participa-
tion in the reuse of this facility.
Completed Milestones
2/94 Identified stakeholders and issue letters inviting nominations for mem-
bers of the Bergstrom Air Force Base RAB.
4/94 Established the England Air Force Base RAB.
5/94 Established RAB at Bergstrom Air Force Base.
6/94 Completed GIS and identified demographics.
7/94 Established the Eaker Air Force Base RAB.
7/94 Established the Dallas Naval Air Station RAB.
8/94 Establish Fort Wingate RAB.
9/94 Identified RAB stakeholders at Eaker Air Force Base.
Contacts
Michael Overbay, (214) 665-6482 (Bergstrom Air Force Base)
Henry Onsgard, (214) 665-2221 (Eaker Air Force Base)
Camille Hueni, (214) 665-2231 (England Air Force Base)
Sing Chia, (214) 665-8301 (Dallas Naval Air Station and Fort Wingate)
Region 7
Region 7 currently is establishing Community Advisory Groups (CAGs) involving a
wide range of stakeholders at several Federal facility or Federal-lead projects. These
facilities include two DOE projects, the Weldon Spring Quarry and the St. Louis Air-
port sites, and the Hastings Ground Water Contamination site. The Region partici-
pated in the joint EPA/DOD RAB Workshops designed to assist installations and regu-
latory agencies in implementing enhanced community involvement at DOD facilities.
The Regional Environmental Justice Task Force members currently are gathering in-
formation from Federal facility site managers to identify sites with potential environ-
mental justice concerns. The indication so far is that environmental justice issues are
not associated with most Superfund Federal sites and base closure sites in the Region.
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The notable exception is DOE's Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program
(FUSRAP) sites located within the urban core of the St. Louis metropolitan area.
An EPA/DOE joint community outreach effort has resulted in the establishment of a
CAG to make decisions on the St. Louis FUSRAP sites. Participating stakeholders
include several members of the area's congressional delegation, state and local offi-
cials, community activists, and business and property owners. At the Weldon Spring
Quarry site, the selection board for the CAG completed the selection process and an-
nounced its members during the week of January 23, 1995.
Completed Milestones
5/94 Participated in RAB workshops.
9/94 Selected candidate sites for priority treatment/CAG formation.
9/94 Established a CAG at the St. Louis FUSRAP site.
1/95 Established a CAG at the Weldon Springs site.
Contact
Dan Wall, (913)551-7710
Region 8
Region 8 is working closely with two minority communities near the Rocky Mountain
Arsenal (RMA). Montbello, located on the southern edge of RMA, has a sizable per-
centage of African-American residents. Commerce City, located on the western edge
of RMA, has a sizable percentage of Hispanic residents.
EPA Region 8 made numerous contacts with the Montbello community and worked
closely with local community leaders on these efforts to identify ways to more effec-
tively involve the community. EPA also worked with the community's Colorado State
legislature representative, a City Councilwoman, her aide, and two staff from the Den-
ver Department of Health and Hospitals (DHH) on the complicated issues surrounding
the remedy selection process and ways to communicate these issues with the commu-
nity.
In response to other community concerns, EPA has initiated a soil sampling program
specifically for Montbello. The effort is being made in cooperation with DHH, the
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE), and the Agency
for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Sampling plans and results will
be shared with the community. EPA asked community leaders to sponsor a March 11
meeting to explain that effort. Past CDPHE and ATSDR health studies and the ATSDR
Health Assessment also were described at the meeting.
Both Montbello and Commerce City have representation on the two citizen advisory
boards that exist for RMA. Through the citizen advisory boards and through a special
Regional Administrator-level set of meetings with stakeholders, EPA has encouraged
local involvement in the remediation decision-making.
In addition, last fall EPA and CDPHE began distribution of a new newsletter on the
RMA remediation to ensure that a broader perspective is available to the environmen-
tal justice communities.
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Program-Specific Issues
Completed Milestones
9/94-4/95 Held several meetings with community leaders from all the affected
communities to express concerns to the Regional Administrator.
10/94 Began distribution of newsletter on RMA remediation.
Contact
Connally Mears, (303) 293-1528
To assist another Region 8 community, EPA worked with the Air Force at the RE.
Warren Air Force Base in Cheyenne, Wyoming, to provide an alternate water supply to
the Nob Hill community adjacent to F.E. Warren Air Force Base. The Nob Hill com-
munity is a low-income Hispanic community. The residents' drinking water supply is
downgradient from a trichloroethylene plume that originates from a landfill located at
F.E. Warren Air Force Base. The residents' drinking water supply is contaminated
with a variety of volatile organic compounds. The residents currently are receiving
bottled water while the Air Force works with the City of Cheyenne and Space Com-
mand to "hook-up" the residential community to the city water supply. Region 8
continues to work with the Air Force at F.E. Warren to get Nob Hill residents an ac-
ceptable water supply other than bottled water.
Completed Milestones
4/94 Received feasibility study report to provide city water line to Nob Hill.
12/94 Established the F.E. Warren Air Force Base RAB..
Contact
Art Palomares, (303) 391-6130
In other efforts, Region 8 played a lead role in assuring that the concerns of Native
Americans were addressed at the DOE site, Monticello Tailings and Vicinity Proper-
ties, in Monticello, Utah. In a proposed change in the 1990 Record of Decision, DOE
had to decide whether to move radioactive mill tailings to an off-site location at the
White Mesa Mill area located south of Blanding, Utah, or to an on-site location away
from a floodplain. Moving the tailings to the off-site location at White Mesa Mill
would mean transporting the tailings 27 miles.
The community around the Monticello Sites, the Native American population of San
Juan County living in the proximity of the White Mesa Mill, and the residents and
business establishments adjacent to the corridor of the proposed truck haul route ex-
pressed strong opposition to the off-site alternative. The SSAB meetings, established
in October 1994 with EPA's guidance as a member of the SSAB, notified DOE of
environmental justice issues regarding the decision and the need to actively involve
the Native Americans on the SSAB. To help address these issues, DOE hired an inde-
pendent facilitator to work with the community and the SSAB. On December 22,
1994, DOE announced its decision to proceed with the on-site alternative due to strong
community support for the option. The support centered in part on potential impacts
to historic and sacred grounds and, to a greater extent, on the highway safety issue.
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Completed Milestones
12/94 Native Americans accept the DOE decision to keep radioactive mill tail-
ings on-site.
Contacts
J. Mario Robles, (303) 294-1972
Paul S. Mushovic, (303) 294-1983
Region 9
The activities directed at addressing environmental justice concerns in the closing and
realignment of bases in Region 9 have varied, depending on the needs of the locality.
RABs have been established at all closing bases to broaden representation of commu-
nity members with diverse interests, including those with environmental justice con-
cerns. During the establishment of the RAB for Castle Air Force Base in California,
Region 9 strongly encouraged base officials to involve the largely Hispanic commu-
nity. While efforts have been made, Hispanic community interest has been limited,
and the RAB currently does not have membership drawn from this community.
At the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard in California, the primary concern of the environ-
mental justice community is the need to create job opportunities, either as part of the
environmental investigation and cleanup or via leases that bring new businesses to the
community. To this end, EPA has actively worked with the Navy on several leases.
EPA worked collaboratively with the Navy on the environmental baseline survey (BBS)
and finding of suitability to lease (FOSL) (documents developed to support leasing of
specific parcels) and James Richards of Aboriginal Blackman Unlimited, a local Afri-
can-American business that provides job training for local residents. EPA wrote the
BBS and FOSL for a specific lease to 20th Century Fox for film production. EPA also
facilitated resolution of issues allowing the lease of Dry Dock #4, the largest dry dock
on the west coast, which has already resulted in employment of 20 local residents of
this predominantly African-American community, and promises many more jobs to
come.
Region 9 held several meetings during fiscal year 1994 with high-level local officials
of the Navy to recommend improvements to the Navy's Superfund community in-
volvement efforts to promote meaningful dialogue with the Hunters Point environ-
mental justice community. EPA interviewed with Navy managers in their search for a
community relations specialist to be assigned to the Hunters Point community. EPA
also met several times with community leaders to discuss ways to improve community
involvement in the Bay view/Hunters Point community and concerns about environ-
mental justice. Region 9 plans to issue an environmental justice grant in fiscal year
1995. Request for applications are expected to be issued in the spring of 1995, with
the grant being issued by the end of fiscal year 1995. The maximum amount to made
available will be $50,000.
Completed Milestones
7/94 EPA wrote BBS and FOSL for 20th Century Fox.
7/94 Collaborated and concurred on BBS and FOSL for James Richards.
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Program-Specific Issues
7/94 EPA concurred on BBS and FOSL for Dry Dock #4.
8/94 Held meeting with the leaders of the Bay view/Hunters Point community
regarding environmental justice issues.
3/94-12/94 Held meetings with representatives of the Navy regarding environmental
justice issues at Hunters Point.
Contact
Jane Diamond, (415) 744-2384
Region 1O
Region 10 reported on the status of activities at its two BRAC installations. One of
these bases, Sandpoint Naval Station, has an extensive RAB associated with it. Umatilla
Army Depot is a realigning base. Its mission of conventional weapons storage is being
transferred to another installation. The Depot has established a RAB through which it
solicits community input on the remedial actions that are underway. EPA and DOD
ensure that environmental justice issues are discussed with these advisory boards.
Completed Milestones
2/94 Established a RAB at Sandpoint Naval Station.
Contact
Christine Psyk, (206) 553-1748
Action Item
Educate minority populations on the environmental decision-making process as
related to cleanup of large Federal facilities.
Region 4
Region 4 currently is planning information sessions to be held in communities with
people of color to explain environmental decision-making as it relates to the cleanup
of large Federal facilities. Among the topics to be included in these sessions is infor-
mation on environmental exposure through subsistence and recreational fishing and
hunting, and through recreation. In addition, Region 4 has been working with a minor-
ity representative to improve communication between minority communities and EPA.
Region 4 has begun to review existing charters and community relations plans to en-
sure that they address environmental justice issues. The Region will continue to pro-
vide environmental justice support to other Federal and state agencies.
Contacts
Tiki Whitfield, (404) 347-5245
Camilla Warren, (404) 347-3016
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Action Item
Encourage Native American and Native Hawaiian stakeholder involvement.
Region 2
The base closure redevelopment process provides an opportunity to address environ-
mental justice concerns by soliciting input regarding future use of the property from
populations affected by the closure. In Region 2, two Native American tribes have
shown limited interest in property at two closing bases. The Oneida Tribe has ex-
pressed early interest in firing ranges at Griffiss Air Force Base, but thereafter ex-
pressed no interest. At Plattsburgh Air Force Base, the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe sub-
mitted a draft reuse plan that appears to conflict with the plan being developed by the
local reuse organization. The Tribes have been invited to participate on RABs but
have not yet applied for membership.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Reuse plan submitted by the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe.
Contact
Robert Wing, (212) 637-4332
Region 9
Williams Air Force Base in Region 9 solicited membership for the RAB from the
nearby Gila River Indian Community. While members of the tribe have chosen not to
participate directly in the RAB, the Air Force has designated a staff member specifi-
cally tasked to keep the Tribe informed of the progress of cleanup and transfer of this
closing base. The Tribe has identified areas on the base that have special cultural
significance, based on archeological investigations at the Midvale Archeological site
in 1984, and has indicated an interest in obtaining base property.
Completed Milestones
9/94 Invited Gila River Indian community participation in Williams Air Force
Base RAB.
Contact
Greg Baker, (415) 744-1491
EPA Region 9 has been in contact with Dr. Jim Anthony, who represents the Hawaii
Lai'ieikawai Association (HLA). The HLA is an umbrella organization that funds and
supports various environmental organizations in Hawaii. Dr. Anthony has indicated
that his organization's interest in the Pearl Harbor Complex is not only environmental,
but is rooted in the Native Hawaiian sovereignty movement. Native Hawaiians have
made claims to parcels of land that are of interest to them, including land currently
owned by the Navy. The Navy has not been very successful in encouraging local
community members to participate on the RAB; Dr. Anthony feels that his group may
be able to assist the Navy in getting the Native Hawaiians to participate in the Pearl
Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report — 219
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Program-Specific Issues
Harbor RAB. Region 9 is also continuing to work with prospective TAG applicants
towards the issuance of a TAG.
Completed Milestones
10/94 Established Pearl Harbor RAB.
1 /95 Contacted Dr. Anthony.
Contact
Richard Seradarian, (415) 744-2211
In addition, Region 9 is monitoring activities underway to cleanup the Kaho'olawe
Island in Hawaii. The island was formerly used by the DOD as a bombing range and
was recently returned to State of Hawaii ownership. While legislation authorized $400
million to cleanup the island (which contains unexploded ordnance), little has been
appropriated for this effort to date. The island has tremendous cultural significance to
the Native Hawaiian population. To ensure Hawaiians' interests are protected during
cleanup of the island, Hawaii designated the Kaho'olawe Island Reserve Commission
as the state's agent in developing with the Navy a voluntary framework describing
how the cleanup will proceed. EPA is monitoring the development of this framework
to ensure that key principles of EPA regulations are addressed—most specifically, the
stakeholder involvement components. EPA has met with the Navy and Hawaii to
discuss the development of the cleanup framework, and has initiated contact with Pro-
tect Kaho'olawe Ghana, a Native Hawaiian advocacy group in January 1995. In addi-
tion, EPA has discussed the issue with the Western Governor's Association, which
may also participate in the development of the regulatory framework.
Completed Milestones
11/94 Held meeting with the Navy and Hawaii representatives to discuss cleanup.
1/95 Contacted Native Hawaiian advocacy group.
1/95 Held discussions with Western Governors Association.
3/95 Held meeting with the Navy and Hawaii representatives to discuss cleanup.
Contact
Julie Anderson, (415) 744-2420
Region 1O
Region 10 reported that involving the tribes in the cleanup decision-making and over-
sight at the DOE's Hanford site is an ongoing effort under EPA's trust obligations.
Special efforts have been made to be responsive to tribal input and the input has shaped
the cleanup program at Hanford. The EPA Federal Facilities Branch Hanford Project
Office produces a newsletter, issues fact sheets, provides a 1-800 phone line, supports
a Hanford Advisory Board (stakeholder/citizen/tribal representation), issues press re-
leases, and works with DOE on four information repositories.
During the summer of 1994, the EPA Regional Administrator met with the three af-
fected tribes: the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Reservation, the Confederated
220 — Waste Programs Environmental Justice Accomplishments Report
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Federal Facilities
Tribes and Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation, and the Nez Perce Tribe. The Region
10 Hanford Project Office has established an ongoing dialogue with the three tribes
and continues to involve the tribes in cleanup decisions at the Hanford facility. Region
10 currently is working to modify the cleanup agreements and records of decisions.
Completed Milestones
6/94-8/94 Met with representatives on affected tribes.
Contact
Larry Gadbois, (509) 376-9884
<"j.s. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1995-386-541/23009 Waste Programs EnvironmentalJustice Accomplishments Report — 221
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