xvEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste And
Emergency Response
(5201 G)
EPA/540/R-95/119
PB95-962951
9200.5-748 C
May 1995
SUPERFUND:
Progress at
National
Priority
List Sites
WISCONSIN
1995 UPDATE
Printed on Recycled Paper
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How to Use the NPL Book
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The site fact sheets presented in this book
are comprehensive summaries that cover a
broad range of information. The fact sheets
describe hazardous waste sites on the NPL and
their locations, as well as the conditions
leading to their listing ("Site Description").
The summaries list the types of contaminants
that have been discovered and related threats
to public and ecological health ("Threats and
Contaminants"). "Cleanup Approach" pres-
ents an overview of the cleanup activities
completed, underway, or planned. The fact
sheets conclude with a brief synopsis of how
much progress has been made in protecting
public health and the environment. The
summaries also pinpoint other actions, such as
legal efforts to involve polluters responsible
for site contamination and community con-
cerns.
The fact sheets are arranged in alphabetical
order by site name. Because site cleanup is a
dynamic and gradual process, all site informa-
tion is accurate as of the date shown on the
bottom of each page. Progress is always being
made at NPL sites, and the EPA periodically
will update the site fact sheets to reflect recent
actions. The following two pages show a
generic fact sheet and briefly describe the
information under each section.
How Can You Use
This State Book?
You can use this book to keep informed
about the sites that concern you, particu-
larly ones close to home. The EPA is commit-
ted to involving the public in the decision
making process associated with hazardous
waste cleanup. The Agency solicits input from
area residents in communities affected by
Superfund sites. Citizens are likely to be
affected not only by hazardous site conditions,
but also by the remedies that combat them.
Site cleanups take many forms and can affect
communities in different ways. Local traffic
may be rerouted, residents may be relocated,
temporary water supplies may be necessary.
Definitive information on a site can help
citizens sift through alternatives and make
decisions. To make good choices, you must
know what the threats are and how the EPA
intends to clean up the site. You must under-
stand the cleanup alternatives being proposed
for site cleanup and how residents may be
affected by each one. You also need to have
some idea of how your community intends to
use the site in the future, and you need to know
what the community can realistically expect
once the cleanup is complete.
The EPA wants to develop cleanup methods
that meet community needs, but the Agency
only can take local concerns into account if it
understands what they are. Information must
travel both ways in order for cleanups to be
effective and satisfactory. Please take this
opportunity to learn more, become involved,
and assure that hazardous waste cleanup at
"your" site considers your community's
concerns.
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NPL LISTING HISTORY
Provides the dates when the
site was Proposed, madt Final,
and Deleted from the NPL.
SITE RESPONSIBILITY
Identifies the Federal, State,
and/or potentially responsible
parties taking responsibility
for cleanup actions at the site.
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROGRESS
Summarizes the actions to
reduce the threats to nearby
residents and the surrounding
environment and the progress
towards cleaning up the site.
SITE NAME
STATE
EPAID# ABCOOOOOOO
Site Description
EPA REGION XX
COUNTY NAME
LOCATION
Other Names:
1
, XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX :
: xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xx' xxxxxx xxxxxxxx \
: xxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxx x xxx :
XXXXXXX XXX XXX3OO»^XXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX*>MK4X XXX XX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX II II IMlT^IHNII II II II XXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXX XXX XXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXJOZJBW.JCXX XXXXXX XX XXXX XXX XXXXX XXX XXXXX XXX XXXXX
Site Responsibility: ******
XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX
NPL Listing History
Proposed XX/XX/XX
Final XX/XX/XX
Threats and Contaminants
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX
XXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX X XXX XX XXXXXXXXX'
XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX
Cleanup Approach
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX XXXXXXXX
Response Action Status
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX :
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX^
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X :
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX :
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX X XXX XX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX
XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXXJOCX
XXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX :
xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX
Xsxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx
Environmental Progress
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX XXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
Site Repository
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX
\
SITE REPOSITORY
Lists the location of the primary site repository. The site
repository may include community relations plans, public
meeting announcements and minutes, fact sheets, press
releases, and other site-related documents.
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SITE DESCRIPTION
This section describes the location and history of the site. It includes descrip-
tions of the most recent activities and past actions at the site that have con-
tributed to the contamination. Population estimates, land usages, and nearby
resources give readers background on the local setting surrounding the site.
THREATS AND CONTAMINANTS
The major chemical categories of site contamination are noted, as well as
which environmental resources are affected. Icons representing each of the
affected resources (may include air, groundwater, surface water, soil, and
contamination to environmentally sensitive areas) are included in the margins
of this section. Potential threats to residents and the surrounding environ-
ments arising from the site contamination also are described.
CLEANUP APPROACH
This section contains a brief overview of how the site is being cleaned up.
RESPONSE ACTION STATUS
Specific actions that have been accomplished or will be undertaken to clean
up the site are described here. Cleanup activities at NPL sites are divided
into separate phases, depending on the complexity and required actions at the
site. Two major types of cleanup activities often are described: initial,
immediate, or emergency actions to quickly remove or reduce imminent
threats to the community and surrounding areas; and long-term remedial
phases directed at final cleanup at the site. Each stage of the cleanup strategy
is presented in this section of the summary. Icons representing the stage of
the cleanup process (initial actions, site investigations, EPA selection of the
cleanup remedy, engineering design phase, cleanup activities underway, and
completed cleanup) are located in the margin next to each activity descrip-
tion.
SITE FACTS
Additional information on activities and events at the site are included in this
section. Often details on legal or administrative actions taken by the EPA to
achieve site cleanup or other facts pertaining to community involvement with
the site cleanup process are reported here.
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Guide to the NPL Book Icons
The "icons," or symbols, accompanying the text allow the reader to see at a glance which envi-
ronmental resources are affected and the status of cleanup activities at the site.
Icons in the Threats
and Contaminants
Section
Icons in the Response
Action Status Section
Contaminated Groundwater re-
sources in the vicinity or underlying
the site. (Groundwater is often used
as a drinking water source.)
Contaminated Surface Water and
Sediments on or near the site.
(These include lakes, ponds,
streams, and rivers.)
Contaminated Air in the vicinity of
the site. (Air pollution usually is
periodic and involves contaminated
dust particles or hazardous gas
emissions.)
Contaminated Soil and Sludges on
or near the site. (This contamination
category may include bulk or other
surface hazardous wastes found on
the site.)
Threatened or contaminated Envi-
ronmentally Sensitive Areas in the
vicinity of the site. (Examples
include wetlands and coastal areas
or critical habitats.)
Initial, Immediate, or Emergency
Actions have been taken or are
underway to eliminate immediate
threats at the site.
Site Studies at the site to determine
the nature and extent of contamina-
tion are planned or underway.
Remedy Selected indicates that site
investigations have been concluded,
and the EPA has selected a final
cleanup remedy for the site or part
of the site.
Remedy Design means that engi-
neers are preparing specifications
and drawings for the selected
cleanup technologies.
Cleanup Ongoing indicates that the
selected cleanup remedies for the
contaminated site, or part of the site,
currently are underway.
Cleanup Complete shows that all
cleanup goals have been achieved
for the contaminated site or part of
the site.
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State
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EPA ID
Number
WID980610380
WIT560010118
WID980610646
WID980820062
WID980820054
WID980901227
WID980610059
WID052906088
WID980511919
WID000712950
WID98061 404-4
WID006073225
WID058735994
WID980901243
WID056247208
WID078934403
WID980820070
WID980823082
WID039052626
WID000713180
WID006196174
WID0061 83826
WID083290981
WID006100275
WID000808568
WID980821656
WID980610604
WID980610190
WID980610141
WID980820096
WID046536785
WID980996367
WID980902969
WID980901219
WID980610299
WID980616841
WID980610307
WID980901235
WID990829475
WID980993521
WID980610620
Site Name
ALGOMA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
BETTER BRITE PLATING CHROME & ZINC SHOPS
CITY DISPOSAL CORP. LANDFILL
DELAVAN MUNICIPAL WELL #4
EAU CLAIRE MUNICIPAL WELL FIELD
FADROWSKI DRUM DISPOSAL
HAGEN FARM
HECHIMOVICH SANITARY LANDFILL
HUNTS DISPOSAL LANDFILL
JANESVILLE ASH BEDS
JANESVILLE OLD LANDFILL
KOHLER CO. LANDFILL
LAUER I SANITARY LANDFILL
LEMBERGER LANDFILL, INC.
LEMBERGER TRANSPORT & RECYCLING
MADISON METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE DISTRICT
MASTER DISPOSAL SERVICE LANDFILL
MID-STATE DISPOSAL, INC. LANDFILL
MOSS-AMERICAN (KERR-MCGEE OIL CO.)
MUSKEGO SANITARY LANDFILL
NATIONAL PRESTO INDUSTRIES, INC.
NORTHERN ENGRAVING CO.
N.W. MAUTHE CO., INC.
OCONOMOWOC ELECTROPLATING CO. INC
OMEGA HILLS NORTH LANDFILL
ONALASKA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
REFUSE HIDEAWAY LANDFILL
RIPON CITY LANDFILL
SAUK COUNTY LANDFILL
SCHMALZ DUMP
SCRAP PROCESSING CO., INC.
SHEBOYGAN HARBOR & RIVER
SPICKLER LANDFILL
STOUGHTON CITY LANDFILL
TOMAH ARMORY
TOMAH FAIRGROUNDS
TOMAH MUNICIPAL SANITARY LANDFILL
WASTE MANAGEMENT OF WISCONSIN, INC. (BROOKFIELD
SANITARY LANDFILL)
WASTE RESEARCH & RECLAMATION COMPANY
WAUSAU GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
WHEELER PIT
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ALGOMA MUNI
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980610380
EPA REGION 5
Kewaunee County
Algoma
Site Description
The 13-acre Algoma Municipal Landfill was leased from Dumman Realty and was operated from
1969 to 1983 by the City of Algoma. In 1970, the landfill received a license from the State to
accept municipal refuse. While most of the accepted waste was municipal refuse, paint wastes,
lacquers, thinners, and asbestos wastes also were disposed of at the landfill. When the landfill
closed in 1983, the City covered it with clay and topsoil. The landfill, which has no liner, is
underlain by a sand and gravel aquifer and another deeper aquifer. The two aquifers are
hydraulically connected so that water can move between them. The City of Algoma's wells draw
on the deeper aquifer, and rural wells draw from both aquifers. The site is within 3 miles of
Lake Michigan. Krohn's Lake, which is used for recreation, is less than 1 mile away.
Approximately 5,000 people depend on groundwater within 3 miles of the site for drinking water.
Approximately 180 people live within 1 mile of the site, all using private water supplies. The
nearest residence is 1,100 feet away from the site boundary.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/10/86
Final Date: 07/21/87
Threats and Contaminants
In 1984, the EPA detected volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) and heavy metals in on-
site monitoring wells. An investigation completed in 1990 confirmed that the
groundwater continues to be contaminated with VOCs. Exposure to contaminated
groundwater through direct contact or accidental ingestion may be a potential health
threat. The potential exists for wetlands, located south of the site, to be affected by
the contaminated groundwater that surfaces in the area. However, no release of
hazardous materials into the wetlands has occurred.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1990, the potentially responsible parties, under EPA monitoring,
completed an investigation of the site. The final report indicated that the landfill cap
does not meet State safety standards and that the groundwater is contaminated. Based
on the results of the investigation, a new cover that meets State standards was selected as the
final remedy in 1990. Groundwater and gas monitoring will continue and gas control measures
will be applied, along with institutional controls to restrict the use of contaminated groundwater.
The potentially responsible parties began the design of these remedies in late 1991. Construction
of the new cover began in early 1993 and was completed in December of that year.
Site Facts: Several companies and the City of Algoma, identified as parties potentially
responsible for site contamination, signed an Administrative Order on Consent in 1988 with the
EPA and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) to perform site
investigations. In 1991, the City of Algoma and several companies signed a Consent Decree with
EPA and WDNR to design and construct the remedy.
Environmental Progress
Building a new landfill cap has reduced the threat to people and the environment, while
groundwater and gas monitoring continue at the site.
Site Repository
Algoma Public Library, 406 Fremont Street, Algoma, WI 54201
Algoma City Hall, 416 Fremont Street, Algoma, WI 54201
February 1995
ALGOMA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
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BETTER BRITE
PLATING CO
CHROME AN
SHOPS
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WIT560010118
EPA REGION 5
Brown County
DePere
Other Names:
Better Brite Zinc
Better Brite Chrome
Site Description
The 2-acre Better Brite Plating Co. Chrome and Zinc Shops site consists of two sections that are
divided by a residential area. Metal plating operations were conducted at the chrome shop from
1963 until 1986 and at the zinc shop from 1970 until 1989. While the plants were in operation,
the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) documented numerous violations and
spills at the facility, including a spill of 2,200 gallons of chromium-contaminated plating solutions
and rinse water in 1979. In order to remedy the situation, Better Brite installed groundwater
monitoring wells and constructed a collection system that allowed water to be pumped to a central
surface water holding pond. Better Brite also constructed a slope to prevent surface water from
running off the site. In addition, Better Brite excavated soil from neighboring properties and
deposited it on the site. During the course of operations at the site, over 20,000 gallons of plating
solution are thought to have leaked from in-ground plating tanks. A study of soil in 1979
identified chromium-contaminated soil in the areas to the west and south of the main building.
Although Better Brite was ordered by the WDNR to clean up the contamination in 1980, no
action was taken. Several subsequent inspections, conducted by the WDNR from 1980 to 1987,
revealed extensive on-site chromium contamination as well as contamination in the building's air
handling system. Shortly after operations ceased, the WDNR received a complaint that yellow
water was running from the chrome shop into the city sewer. Subsequently, the WDNR
investigated this incident and found chromium in the runoff and soil at a neighboring residence.
To prevent exposure to contaminated soil, the WDNR razed the main building, partially fenced
the site, covered the site with clay, placed topsoil on the clay cover, and seeded it. Also in 1988,
the EPA allocated emergency funds to the WDNR to design a treatment system, which is now
operational, for water being discharged from the site to the DePere Wastewater Treatment Plant.
The owners abandoned the site in 1989. Due to bankruptcy proceedings, ownership of the land at
both facilities is in question. Approximately 46,000 people obtain drinking water from municipal
wells within 3 miles of the site. DePere Municipal Well #2 is 500 feet downgradient of the zinc
shop.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/26/89
Final Date: 08/30/90
February 1995
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Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, surface water, and soil are contaminated with heavy metals including
chromium and zinc, as well as cyanide and various volatile organic compounds
(VOCs). Area residents may be exposed to contaminants through direct contact with
or accidental ingestion of these contaminated materials. Contaminants have migrated
into groundwater. A sandstone aquifer serves as the municipal water supply for the
City of DePere, and the villages of Allouez and Ashwaubenon.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: initial actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on interim cleanup actions and cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: The EPA removed over 83 tons of contaminated soil, 9,270 gallons
of chromic acid, 3,600 gallons of toxic liquids, 550 gallons of cyanide solution, 150
pounds of cyanide sludge, and 500 gallons of flammable liquids from the chrome
shop facility in 1986. In 1990, the EPA removed hazardous materials from the zinc shop in the
same manner. These wastes subsequently were treated and disposed of in an EPA-approved
landfill. The water treatment system was completed in 1990 and is now fully operational. Surface
removal of drums, vats, and tanks remaining on site was completed in 1991.
Interim Actions: In 1991, the EPA selected interim actions to address
contamination at the chrome and zinc shops. The selected interim remedies include
continuing operation of the 1990 groundwater treatment system, repairing the zinc
shop and constructing a fence around it, and improving the collection system at the chrome shop
by extending trenches and regrading the soil to prevent flooding. This effort was stopped
temporarily to remove the source of contamination from the zinc and chrome shops. Concrete
slabs and contaminated soil beneath the slabs are currently being removed from both shops. Once
this action is completed, it will be determined if the collection system still needs to be improved.
Entire Site: A State-lead investigation into the nature and extent of remaining
contamination at the site began in 1990. Based on the results of this investigation,
final site cleanup remedies will be selected.
February 1995 2 BETTER BRITE PLATING CO.
CHROME AND ZINC SHOPS
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Environmental Progress
Removing substantial quantities of hazardous waste and securing the site have reduced the
potential for explosion and exposure to hazardous materials at the Better Brite Co. Plating
Chrome and Zinc Shops site while final interim cleanup activities are taking place and further
studies are being conducted.
Site Repository
Brown County Public Library, DePere Branch, 380 Main Avenue, DePere, WI 54115
BETTER BRITE PLATING CO.
CHROME AND ZINC SHOPS
February 1995
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CITY DISPOSAL
CORP. LANDFU
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980610646
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Dane County
Town of Dunn
The City Disposal Corp. Landfill site covers approximately 24 acres of a 38-acre landfill.
Beginning in 1966, the unlined landfill was filled with municipal and industrial waste. The site
was licensed by the State as a solid waste landfill. Waste was deposited into on-site cells. Six of
these cells were used for the disposal of municipal wastes from surrounding communities in Dane
County. The other six cells were not used for disposal during the lifetime of the landfill.
Reportedly, 55-gallon drums and bulk liquid waste from area industries were deposited on the
site and were covered periodically. From 1966 until 1975, industrial wastes and organic
chemicals were disposed of in a small pit on the eastern side of the landfill. During the early
1970s, industrial wastes such as solvents, organics, and oily wastes were deposited. Hazardous
waste disposal at the landfill was phased out in 1975, and the site was closed in 1977. The site
was subsequently capped. The state permit expired in 1977 and was not reissued. There are an
estimated 5,500 people living within 3 miles of the site. Approximately 160 people residing
within a mile of the site depend on private wells. The surrounding area is mainly agricultural. A
residential subdivision is located southwest of the site, and a wooded area lies to the south.
Badfish Creek, which receives runoff from the site, is located 300 feet east of the landfill. The
City of Madison
discharges treated wastewater into Badfish Creek.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater and soil are contaminated with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs). Potential health threats to people include drinking contaminated groundwater,
accidentally ingesting contaminated soil, inhaling contaminated dusts and air particles,
and coming into direct contact with contaminated groundwater and soils. Grass Lake,
a habitat for sandhill cranes and other wildlife, is located about 700 feet northeast of
the site and could be subject to pollution from the site runoff.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on controlling the source
on contamination and cleaning up the ground water.
Response Action Status
Source Control: Under EPA supervision, Waste Management of Wisconsin
conducted an investigation into the nature and extent of the contamination present at
the landfill, including a geophysical survey and soil sampling. The investigation
defined the contaminants of concern and recommended alternatives for the final cleanup. The
investigation was completed in 1992. In the fall of 1992, a remedy was selected, which called for
capping the site. Design of the remedy began in 1993, and construction is scheduled to begin in
1995.
Groundwater: Also under EPA oversight, Waste Management of Wisconsin
conducted an investigation into the nature and extent of groundwater contamination at
the site. The study included providing an inventory of existing monitoring wells,
sampling and analyzing groundwater, and analyzing data on groundwater movement. The
investigation defined the contaminants of concern and recommended alternatives for the final
cleanup. In the fall of 1992, a remedy involving a groundwater pump and treatment system was
selected. Design of the remedy began in 1993, and is scheduled for completion in 1996.
Site Facts: In 1987, an Administrative Order on Consent (AOC) was entered into between the
EPA and Waste Management of Wisconsin, a party potentially responsible for the site
contamination, requiring the company to investigate the site contamination. In 1993, EPA
issued a Unilateral Administrative Order (UAO) calling for the implementation of the selected
remedies by the potentially responsible parties.
Environmental Progress
After listing the City Disposal Corp. Landfill site on the NPL, the EPA conducted preliminary
studies and determined that the site does not pose an immediate threat to the surrounding
communities or the environment while design of site remedies is under way.
Site Repository
Dunn Town Hall, 4156 County Trunk Highway B, McFarland, WI 53558
February 1995 2 CITY DISPOSAL CORP. LANDFILL
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DELAVAN MUNI
WELL #4
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980820062
EPA REGION 5
Walworth County
Delavan
Site Description
The Delavan Municipal Well #4 site is defined as the contaminated aquifer used by the Delavan
Well #4. Well #4 was closed in 1982 due to contamination by volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), but is used occasionally when another city well must be taken out of service. When
used, the water from Well #4 is blended with other city water to reduce any concentrations of
contaminants to levels below what is considered a health risk. The blending occurs at a common
point past the inlet for Well #4; this requires Well #3 to pump at the same time. When Well #3
was shut down, Well #4 was used continuously. During that time, unblended water from Well #4
may have been delivered to nearby residents, businesses, and a school. There are more than
3,000 people living within 1 mile of the site. The population of Delavan relies on municipal
water, and no private wells have been identified in the area. Surrounding the site are schools,
homes, businesses, and an industrial facility. The distance from the well to the closest residence
is 500 feet.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
T\
Air may be contaminated with VOCs from the use of extraction wells or the sprayer-
aerator system used at a nearby industry. Well #4 and the area soils are contaminated
with VOCs, including trichloroethylene (TCE). When Well #4 is used to supply water
to the municipality, there is the possibility of a health threat to people through
drinking it, coming in direct contact with it, or inhaling contaminated vapors in the
water. When Well #4 is used, highly contaminated water from the industrial site
across the street may be pulled toward the well, potentially increasing VOC
concentrations.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two phases: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase directed
at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: A potentially responsible party for the site contamination has taken
steps to contain contaminated groundwater near the site through the installation of a
groundwater extraction system and a soil venting system. While the systems had been
operational for years, investigative work had shown that expansion was necessary. The
groundwater extraction and soil venting systems are operating and were expanded in 1992.
Entire Site: The State, under EPA supervision, began an investigation into the nature
and extent of the groundwater contamination at the site in 1990. The investigation will
define the contaminants of concern through the installation of monitoring wells and
the sampling of soil, and will recommend alternatives for the final cleanup remedy. A decision
on a final cleanup remedy is scheduled for early 1996.
Environmental Progress
The EPA determined, after initial evaluations of the Delavan Municipal Well #4 site, that no
other immediate actions are required to protect the surrounding community or the environment
while the groundwater containment and soil venting systems are in operation and the
investigations leading to the selection of a final remedy for site contamination are taking place.
Site Repository
Aram Public Library, 404 East Walworth Avenue, Delavan, WI 53115
February 1995
DELAVAN MUNICIPAL WELL #4
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EAU CLAIRE
MUNICIPAL
WELL FIELD
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980820054
EPA REGION 5
Eau Claire County
the Eau Claire Co. Airport, east of
the Chippewa River
Site Description
The Eau Claire Municipal Well Field (ECMWF) site covers 500 acres and consists of 14 wells
that provide drinking water for the residents of Eau Claire County. In 1981, the Wisconsin
Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) sampled groundwater from the ECMWF as part of an
EPA-sponsored groundwater survey of 20 Wisconsin cities. The WDNR's sampling detected
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), primarily in the north well field. However, the level of
VOCs delivered to homes remained below the State groundwater quality standards. In 1982, the
City began monitoring VOC levels in residential wells near the municipal field. In 1983, the City
found that VOC levels in one of these wells exceeded the State's groundwater quality standards
and recommended that its owners use bottled water instead of groundwater. In 1984, five of the
municipal wells in the north field also were found to be contaminated with VOCs. The
contamination at the site initially was characterized as two separate plumes. However, studies
conducted at the nearby National Presto Industries site, which also is on the NPL, have shown
that the two plumes are actually a single continuous plume that originates at the National Presto
site. The plume is approximately 2'/2 miles in length and extends from the National Presto site to,
and including, the ECMWF. The municipal well field serves approximately 57,600 residents of
the county. Also, an unknown number of residents in the county pump their own groundwater
from privately owned wells.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater at the site is contaminated with VOCs including trichlorethene;
1,1,1 trichloroethane; dichlorethene; and tetrachloroethene. People could be exposed
to VOCs if they drink or come into direct contact with contaminated groundwater or if
they inhale hazardous substances that the water released into the air. The EPA does
not believe that the nearby Chippewa River has been affected by the contamination, as
pumping of the municipal wells prevents the groundwater from discharging into the
river.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1984, the EPA conducted a focused study of the nature and
extent of VOC contamination in drinking water. The results of this study
recommended air stripping as the method to address groundwater contamination at
the site. In mid-1987, the EPA completed construction of an air-stripping unit to remove VOCs
from the contaminated groundwater in the north field. This method treats the groundwater,
discharges it to a municipal water treatment plant, and then to a distribution system.
Entire Site: The EPA completed an additional study in 1988 to study the nature and
extent of contamination at the entire site and to identify and analyze various
alternatives that best addressed remaining contamination. The EPA selected the
following final remedies for the site: continuing the operation of the existing air stripper;
installing extraction wells in the north well field (Plume #1) and discharging water extracted by
those wells directly to the Chippewa River without treatment; installing extraction wells in Plume
#2 and discharging water extracted by those wells directly to the Chippewa River without
treatment; connecting to the city water system those residences within the contaminated areas;
and monitoring groundwater quality during the action to determine when the groundwater has
been cleaned up to meet State and Federal standards. The air stripper continues to treat the
municipal water supply. The EPA has provided municipal water to users of private well water. In
1990, the EPA finished construction of 22 hookups to the municipal water supply for those
residences that cannot use groundwater as a result of Plume #1 contamination. Investigations have
confirmed that the Nation Presto site represents a continuing source of groundwater
contamination which migrates to the ECMWF site. Based on the investigations at the National
Presto site, the Plume #2 extraction well installation will be addressed as part of the cleanup
process for that site. All construction at the ECMWF site has now been completed.
Site Facts: In 1993, the EPA reached a settlement with National Presto Industries whereby the
company reimbursed the Agency for approximately 95 percent of EPA costs associated with the
investigation and cleanup of the ECMWF site. This settlement was under the terms of a Consent
Decree between the EPA, the U.S. Department of Justice and National Presto Industries.
Environmental Progress
The air stripping unit in use at the ECMWF site is successfully controlling the level of VOCs in
the groundwater being fed to the municipal wells. This action, in addition to connecting affected
residences to the municipal water supply, is protecting the surrounding population and
environment. The remaining cleanup actions are being evaluated as part of the investigation at the
National Presto NPL site.
February 1995 2 EAU CLAIRE MUNICIPAL WELL FIELD
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Site Repository
L.E. Phillips Memorial Library, 400 Eau Claire Street, Eau Claire, WI 54701
Eau Claire City Hall, 203 S. Farwell Street, Eau Claire, WI 54701
EAU CLAIRE MUNICIPAL WELL FIELD
February 1995
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FADROWSKI
DISPOSAL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980901 227
EPA REGION 5
Milwaukee County
Franklin
Other Names:
Menard's Drum Disposal Site
Site Description
The Fadrowski Drum Disposal site covers approximately 20 acres on South 27th Street, on the
eastern edge of Franklin, along its border with Oak Creek. From 1970 until 1981, Edward
Fadrowski, of Ed's Masonry and Trucking, operated a landfill at the site to dispose of demolition
and construction wastes. A former employee alleged in 1981 that the property was used for the
disposal of hazardous waste and that several hundred drums and lubricant sludges were buried
there. Early in 1983, Menard, Inc. purchased part of the site and began to construct a store to
sell home building materials. Excavation of the property turned up buried drums. Analysis of
drum contents by the State showed the drums contained volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
lead, chromium, and small amounts of arsenic. One sample of oily sludge contained DDT, a
pesticide no longer in use. The EPA and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
(WDNR) believe that a number of potentially responsible parties generated the hazardous
substances that were disposed of at the site. Construction work completed in 1993 revealed
approximately 180 drums. About 18,000 people depend on wells that are within 3 miles of the
site as sources of drinking water. Nearby residents draw drinking water from a deeper aquifer,
which is separated from the contaminated aquifer by about 80 feet of low permeability clay. No
private well contamination has been found. The nearest residence is located about 200 feet from
the site. Residential and commercial buildings are located in the vicinity of the site. There are
several schools and parks found within a 2-mile radius of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
February 1995
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Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater samples collected from one of the monitoring wells on site indicated low
levels of mercury and benzene. Chromium, barium, and cyanide were found in
shallow groundwater at levels exceeding State limits. Sediment samples collected from
on-site creeks and ditches contained polycryclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and
inorganic compounds. Subsurface soil samples collected from the site are
contaminated with low levels of VOCs, especially toluene. One surface water sample
taken from the on-site creek contained low levels of cyanide and VOCs. People could
be exposed to hazardous substances through drinking contaminated groundwater or
surface water or by accidentally ingesting contaminated soil. Exposure to buried
drums could have posed a threat if the site were developed. The drums also could
have ruptured, causing further contamination of the environment. Approximately 9
acres of wetlands border the on-site pond on the west. In the past, run-off the site
flowed towards the wetlands; however, once cleanup is complete, site run-off will be
redirected to an on-site drainage system. The site is occasionally used for recreational
activities. Local residents in the area around the site, especially children, use the pond
located at the eastern edge of the site for swimming and could be exposed to site
contamination.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in one long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: Acme Printing Company, under the supervision of the EPA and the
WDNR, began a study in 1987 to determine the nature and extent of contamination at
the site. The study was completed in early 1991. The final cleanup remedy selected in
1991 involves removing drums, testing for soil contamination levels, capping the waste disposal
area, fencing the site, and controlling future site use through deed restrictions. Cleanup activities
completed at the site in 1993 include: installation of erosion control measures, storm sewer
installation, removal of an on-site pond, pond backfilling, and excavation and securing of
approximately 180 drums. Remaining cleanup activities will be completed in 1995.
Environmental Progress
Controlling erosion, installing storm sewers, removing an on-site pond, and excavating drums
have reduced the threat to the surrounding community and the environment while remaining
cleanup activities continue.
February 1995 2 FADROWSKI DRUM DISPOSAL
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El
Site Repository
Franklin Public Library, 9229 West Loomis Road, Franklin, WI 53132
FADROWSKI DRUM DISPOSAL 3 February 1995
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HAGEN FARM
WISCONSIN f]
EPA ID# WID98061005ST^
EPA REGION 5
Dane County
Dunkirk
Other Names:
No Name Property at 2318 County A
Site Description
The Hagen Farm site covers 10 acres and is located approximately a mile east of Stoughton. The
site operated as a sand and gravel pit from the 1950s until the mid-1960s, when it served as a
disposal site for municipal waste from the City of Stoughton and industrial waste from Uniroyal
Plastics Corporation, as well as other sources. The site consists of one main disposal area and
two smaller areas located in a former gravel quarry. During its operation as a waste disposal site,
solvents and other chemicals and chunks of solid vinyl were disposed of at the site. Waste
disposal activities ceased at the site about 1966. The disposal area on the site was covered with a
layer of soil, and the property subsequently was sold in 1977 to Orrin Hagen, a sheep farmer. In
1980, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) received a complaint from a
local resident alleging that the site had been used for the disposal of drummed wastes during the
1960s. The WDNR investigated the site, then in use as a sheep pasture, and observed that solid
vinyl was protruding through the soil. The WDNR sampled nearby residential wells in 1980
through 1982, at which time volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were found. Uniroyal conducted
a study to evaluate groundwater quality at and near the site in 1982 and detected VOCs in the
groundwater. In 1987, Orrin Hagen transferred ownership of the site to Waste Management, Inc.
(WMI), the current owner. The population of the City of Stoughton is estimated to be 7,500. The
land surrounding the site is semi-rural and industrial. Approximately 350 people reside within a
mile of the site. The majority of Stoughton's residents draw water from a municipal water supply
system which draws from groundwater. An estimated 940 people depend on private wells located
within 3 miles of the site for their drinking water supply. The City of Stoughton's municipal
wells are located about 2 miles to the west, and eight private wells are located within 1,200 feet
of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/16/85
Final Date: 07/22/87
February 1995
-------
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), benzene,
ethylbenzene, toluene and xylenes (BTEX). The highest concentrations of VOCs in
groundwater are located near the former disposal areas. On-property soils and wastes
are also contaminated with VOCs. Currently, ingesting or coming in contact with
contaminated groundwater or soils and wastes poses a potential health threat.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: interim actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the source of contamination and groundwater.
Response Action Status
Interim Actions: The neighboring land was purchased by the current site owner,
Waste Management, Inc. (WMI). The houses on that land were demolished, and a
protruding drum was removed. The site has been fenced, although an access road to
an active gravel pit runs directly past the main dump site.
Source Control: Two smaller areas of waste were exhumed, consolidated into the
main disposal area and the main disposal area was capped. Construction of the cap
was completed in the spring of 1992. Construction of an in-situ vapor extraction
system through the cap was completed in early 1994, and is currently operational. The vapor
extraction system was designed to treat contaminants in the soils/wastes by drawing out VOCs
and drawing in oxygen which will promote biodegradation of the wastes. The cap and the vapor
extraction system are anticipated to reduce the potential of contaminating the groundwater from
the soils and wastes. The vapor extraction system may also help reduce VOC concentrations in
groundwater directly under the landfill cap.
Groundwater: In 1992, the potentially responsible party completed an investigation
into the nature and extent of groundwater contamination. The remedy selected for
both the on- and off-site groundwater is a reliable and stable biological treatment
called fixed film. The treatment involves adding plastic balls to the treatment tank to which
bacteria cling, remain stable, and consume the contaminants. The design and construction of the
system are scheduled for completion by the summer of 1995, with operation scheduled to begin
in the fall.
February 1 995 2 HAGEN FARM
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Site Facts: The Wisconsin Department of Justice filed an enforcement action against Uniroyal,
Inc. and Waste Management of Wisconsin in 1983, directing them to perform an investigation
and to clean up the site. This action was dismissed in 1987 when Uniroyal and Waste
Management agreed to undertake the site study. Waste Management of Wisconsin settled claims
against Uniroyal in December 1992 and currently is the only participating potentially responsible
party.
Environmental Progress
By fencing a major area of the Hagen Farm site, removing a contaminated drum, demolishing
buildings, and continuing to treat the contaminated soil, the threat of exposure to site
contamination has been reduced while further cleanup activities are being designed.
Site Repository
Stoughton Public Library, 304 South Fourth Street, Stoughton, WI 53589
Dunkirk Town Hall, County Trunk Highway N. Stoughton, WI 53589
HAGAN FARM
February 1995
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HECHIMOVICH
SANITARY
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID052906088
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Dodge County
Williamstown, approximately
2 miles from Mayville
The Hechimovich Sanitary Landfill site is situated on 24 acres and is located in Williamstown, a
rural area located approximately 2 miles south of Mayville. The site is a former commercial
landfill that operated from 1959 to 1986. The owner of the site claims that he placed hazardous
waste in unlined pits from 1972 to 1980. Some of the types of wastes disposed of in these pits
include paint sludges, cutting oils, and spent organic solvents. The Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources (WDNR) ordered the pits closed in 1980. The EPA detected volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) in two wells downgradient of the site in 1984. The owner of the site violated
the terms of the landfill's permit by depositing solid waste in areas beyond those previously
approved by the WDNR. The towns nearest to the site are Mayville, with a population of 4,330,
and Horicon, with 3,585 residents. Approximately 5,000 people obtain their drinking water from
private wells located within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater in several wells downgradient of the site is contaminated with VOCs.
On-site soil is contaminated with VOCs as well. Direct contact with or ingestion of
contaminated groundwater or soil may pose health threats. Local surface waters may
be used by residents for recreational activities. If site-related contaminants should
migrate into the surface water, residents could be exposed to them when coming into
direct contact with these bodies of water. A portion of the Hechimovich Landfill site
is a wetland, which could be at risk from site runoff.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: initial actions and two long-term remedial phases
directed at cleanup of the source control and groundwater.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Through the enforcement of an existing state court order, the
potentially responsible parties installed a landfill cap and a gas collection system at
the site.
Source Control: Because of the success of the initial actions, the EPA determined
that no further source control action was necessary.
Groundwater: The potentially responsible parties are currently conducting studies
to determine the nature and extent of groundwater contamination. The studies are
scheduled for completion in 1995, at which time a groundwater remedy will be
selected.
Environmental Progress
Installing the landfill cover and gas collection system has reduced the threat to people and the
environment while further studies leading to the selection of final cleanup activities are being
conducted.
Site Repository
Mayville Public Library, 111 N. Main Street, Mayville, WI
February 1995
HECHIMOVICH SANITARY LANDFILL
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HUNTS DISPOS
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980511919
EPA REGION 5
Racine Country
Caledonia
Site Description
The Hunts Disposal Landfill site consists of 35 acres of an 84-acre parcel and is located 8 miles
north of Racine in Caledonia. This site is an old sand and gravel pit that was first licensed to
operate as a dump by the Racine County Board of Adjustments in 1959. From 1959 to 1974, the
various owners of the site accepted both industrial and municipal wastes. In 1970, the State
granted a license to the owners of the landfill that allowed them to accept non-combustible trash,
garbage, and wooden material. In 1974, the site was purchased by Waste Management, Inc. of
Wisconsin from Caledonia Corporation Landfill, which had acquired it in 1972, when it was
operating as Hunts Disposal Landfill. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, area residents
reported seeing people driving cars to the site and dumping garbage into the ditch near the
railroad tracks. Residents also complained that the site was poorly covered. In 1964, four 10,000-
gallon tanks containing residual arsenic acid sludge were buried at the site. According to files
kept by Racine County, these tanks were cleaned before they were buried. During 1973 to 1974,
the State noted several operational problems such as seepage of wastes into the groundwater, lack
of proper cover, and windblown paper. The Hunts Disposal site was closed in 1974. An
inspection conducted by the State in 1975 noted deficiencies in final cover and topsoil depths,
severe gully erosion on some slopes, and the absence of vegetative cover over portions of the
landfill. The site was purchased by the Boundary Corporation in 1975. In 1976, the County
purchased the site as a part of the Root River Parkway System, a regional park concept. The
Hunts Disposal site is located in a semi-rural area that is developing into a residential community.
There are several residences located in the immediate vicinity of the site and within the
boundaries of Caledonia. Approximately 1,500 people live within a 1-mile radius of the site. All
of the residences in the vicinity of the site rely on private wells for their water supply. A
subdivision of approximately 1,000 people is located 1 to 1 1/2 miles west of the landfill site
across the Root River. These residents obtain their water from a private sanitation district.
Residents of Oak Creek, located 1/4 mile north of the site, rely on municipal wells that draw
water from depths of approximately 1,800 feet. Marshlands border the site on the west.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/10/86
Final Date: 07/21/87
February 1995
-------
Threats and Contaminants
On-site soils and groundwater are contaminated with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and heavy metals. Groundwater and surface water on the eastern side of the
site are contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic and lead. Soils from the
landfill area are contaminated with heavy metals and VOCs. On-site workers and
trespassers could be exposed to site-related contaminants by accidentally ingesting or
coming into direct contact with contaminated groundwater, surface water, soils, or
sediment. Hydrogeologic conditions favor the migration of groundwater off site. If
groundwater contamination migrates into private and municipal wells, area residents
could be exposed to contaminants in the groundwater. The Root River, which is used
by area residents for recreational purposes, borders the site, and runoff from the
contaminated soils and surface water could pollute these waters and sediments.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Waste Management and Racine County made an attempt to abandon
the site in 1982 and conducted several activities including repairing erosion damage,
sealing leachate seeps, and revegetating the site. The EPA conducted an inspection of
the site in 1984 and took several samples of soils, surface waters, groundwater, and sediments.
Entire Site: Based on investigations conducted by the EPA and the State, the EPA
selected a remedy in 1990 to clean up the site by consolidating the contaminated soil
and sediment onto the landfill and constructing a cap over it. In 1992 a group of
potentially responsible parties signed a Consent Decree with the EPA to prepare the cleanup
design and perform the cleanup activities. A landfill gas collection and treatment system will be
installed to control vapors at the site. A partial-slurry wall will be constructed around the
perimeter of the landfill to contain groundwater. The groundwater will be pumped and treated on
site prior to discharge. In addition, the site will be fenced to prevent access and exposure to
contaminants. The design of the remedy is scheduled to be completed in 1995.
Environmental Progress
Investigations by the EPA and the State have determined that, due to the initial actions, the Hunts
Disposal Landfill does not pose an imminent threat to the public while cleanup activities are
being designed.
February 1995 2 HUNTS DISPOSAL LANDFILL
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Site Repository
Caledonia Town Hall, 6922 Nicholson Road, Caledonia, WI 53108
HUNTS DISPOSAL LANDFILL 3 February 1995
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JANESVILLE A
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID000712950
EPA REGION 5
Rock County
Janesville
Other Names:
Janesville Disposal Facilities
Site Description
The Janesville Ash Beds site covers about 5 acres of a 65-acre parcel of land on the northern side
of Janesville. There are four Janesville Disposal Facilities on these 65 acres: the Janesville Ash
Beds (JAB), the Old Dump Site (1963 site), the Janesville Old Landfill (1978 site), and the New
Landfill (1985 site). The JAB and the Janesville Old Landfill are listed on the NPL and are being
cleaned up under Superfund. The New Landfill and the Old Landfill dump are being handled
under the Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA). The City of Janesville is the owner of
the properties and has operated land disposal activities at the site since the 1950s. The JAB,
which began operating in 1974, consisted of five separate ash beds. The facility accepted an
assortment of industrial liquids and sludges. Approximately 1 1/2 to 3 million gallons of
industrial sludges were accepted annually. Fly ash and the resultant dried sludges were sent to the
Old Landfill for disposal from 1974 to 1978 and then to the New Landfill. From 1974 to 1983,
the ash beds were unlined, with only a plastic liner beneath a small portion of the bed to serve as
a leachate sampling system. In the fall of 1982, beds #3, #4, and #5, were excavated,
contaminated ash and soils were removed, and the beds were reconstructed with clay liners and
equipped with leachate collection systems. Industrial wastes still were being accepted at beds #1
and #2 while the other three beds were being reconstructed. Bed #1 was closed, and the sludge
was removed in 1983. Wastes were not accepted at bed #2 after 1983, and the sludge was
removed in 1984. In 1985, the remaining three beds (#3, #4, and #5) were cleaned and closed,
and the entire JAB area was covered with clay and graded. Over 1,000 tons of ash from the JAB
had been disposed of in the New Landfill. For further information on the Old Landfill, see the
separate listing under Janesville Old Landfill. Janesville has a population of approximately 51,000
people. Residential areas are located within a few hundred feet of the Janesville Disposal
Facilities. A number of parks are located within 2 miles of the sites and two schools are located
within 1 mile. The Rock River is located about 1,500 feet west of the sites.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
February 1995
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Threats and Contaminants
IT
In most instances, all four facilities have contributed to contamination of the air,
groundwater, sediments, soil, and surface water. Methane gas has been detected in the
air at the disposal facility. Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) including benzene, acetone, tetrachlorethene, and trichloroethene.
Surface water in the Rock River contains low levels of VOCs. Small amounts of
contaminants are found in the Rock River and the on-site pond. These, along with the
air contamination, pose a very low health risk. Soil and groundwater may pose a
threat if individuals accidentally ingest or come into contact with contaminants.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the five
components of the Janesville Disposal Facilities: JAB, 1985 site, 1978 site, 1963 site, and JDF
groundwater.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The potentially responsible parties, under EPA oversight, completed a
study of the four Janesville Disposal Facilities. The EPA broke the site down into
five cleanup components: JAB, 1985 site, 1987 site, 1963 site, and Janesville
Disposal Facilities groundwater. In 1989, the EPA selected the remedies for the JAB and the
related groundwater contamination. The remedy involves restricting access and land use,
continuing cap maintenance, complying with applicable federal requirements, removing and
properly disposing of the remaining ash pile, restricting land and groundwater use between the
facility and the Rock River, installing groundwater extraction wells to protect the Rock River
from migrating contaminants, and developing a groundwater treatment system using an air
stripper to remove VOCs. A Consent Decree for the design and cleanup actions was entered with
the District Court in January 1992. Design activities are scheduled for completion in late 1995.
Site Facts: In 1986, the EPA, the State, and the parties potentially responsible for site
contamination reached an agreement requiring the parties to conduct an investigation of the
contamination at the Janesville facilities. The 1978 and JAB sites are being addressed under
Superfund, as both are listed on the NPL, while the other two sites in addition to the JAB site are
being addressed under the authority of RCRA regulations. These two RCRA sites were included
in the NPL investigation because of their close proximity to the 1978 site and JAB areas. The
JAB and the 1985 site are RCRA interim status sites. In January 1992, a Consent Decree was
entered with the District Court for the design and cleanup activities.
February 1995 2 JANESVILLE ASH BEDS
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Environmental Progress
The complexity of the separate areas at the Janesville Disposal Facility sites required extensive
study into the extent of contamination prior to the selection of final cleanup remedies. These
investigations have resulted in the selection of final remedies for all the areas of contamination,
with actual cleanup activities scheduled to begin soon.
Site Repository
Janesville Public Library, 316 South Main Street, Janesville, WI 53545
JANESVILLE ASH BEDS
February 1995
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JANESVILLE
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980614(]k*4
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Rock County
Janesville
Other Names:
Janesville Disposal Facilities
The 18-acre Janesville Old Landfill site is on a 65-acre parcel of land that contains four different
sites: the Janesville Ash Beds (JAB), the Old Dump Site (1963 site), the Janesville Old Landfill
(1978 site), and the New Landfill (1985 site). All four sites have been combined and called the
Janesville Disposal Facility (JDF) and are being addressed jointly under Superfund and the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) programs. The New Landfill and the JAB are
RCRA interim status sites and the JAB and Old Landfill are listed on the NPL. The City of
Janesville is the owner of the properties and has operated land disposal activities at the sites since
the 1950s. The Janesville Old Landfill site is an abandoned sand and gravel pit that was used as a
municipal sanitary landfill beginning in 1963. Industrial drummed wastes including solvents, used
oils, paints, paint thinners, and other industrial wastes were accepted and drummed for disposal.
The site also received the sludge-ash mixture when the ash beds at the Janesville Ash Beds were
cleaned out. The landfill does not have any bottom or side liners, but was covered with clay-type
material when it reached capacity in 1978. The landfill does not have a leachate collection system
or clay liner. The City of Janesville has a population of approximately 51,000 people. Residential
areas are located within a few hundred feet of the Janesville disposal facilities. The Rock River is
1,500 feet west of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
Methane gas from the decomposing material stored in the landfill has been detected in
the air at the site. Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and heavy metals including arsenic, barium, lead, iron, and manganese. Soils
are contaminated with various VOCs and heavy metals including manganese and
cadmium. Surface water in the Rock River contains low levels of VOCs.
Contaminated groundwater is not considered a health threat because no private
drinking water wells are contaminated or appear to be threatened. Small amounts of
contaminants in the Rock River and the on-site pond and the air pose a very low
health risk. Contaminated soil and groundwater may pose a health threat through
accidental ingestion or direct contact.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the Old
Landfill site.
Response Action Status
Old Landfill Site: The parties potentially responsible for site contamination, under
EPA oversight, completed a study of all of the Janesville Disposal Sites. The EPA
selected a remedy for the Janesville Old Landfill and the related groundwater
contamination in 1989 which includes: access and land use restrictions; installation of a landfill
gas extraction and flaring system that may later be converted into an energy converting system;
construction of a landfill cap, tying the Old Landfill cap into the cap being constructed for the
New Landfill; continued monitoring of the groundwater and air; deed and groundwater-use
restrictions between the facility and the Rock River; installation of groundwater extraction wells
to protect the Rock River from migrating contaminants; and development of a groundwater
treatment system using an air stripper to remove VOCs. The potentially responsible parties began
designing the remedies in mid-1991. The cleanup is expected to begin in 1995.
Site Facts: In 1986, the EPA, the State, and the parties potentially responsible for site
contamination reached an agreement, whereby the parties conducted an investigation of the nature
and extent of contamination at the Janesville Disposal sites.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Janesville Old Landfill site while the selected
cleanup activities are being designed.
Site Repository
Janesville Public Library, 316 South Main Street, Janesville, WI 53545
February 1995 2 JANESVILLE OLD LANDFILL
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KOHLER COM
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID006073225
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Sheboygan County
Kohler
The Kohler Company Landfill is an 82-acre site, 40 acres of which have been used as a landfill
since the 1950s, primarily for the disposal of foundry and manufacturing wastes produced by
Kohler's manufacturing facilities. Between 1950 and the mid-1970s, at least four pits were
constructed for the disposal of hydraulic oils, solvents, paint wastes, enamel powder, lint from
brass polishing, and plating sludges. Oils commonly were used for dust control. Since 1980, all
federally-regulated wastes have been shipped off site for disposal. In 1977 and 1981, sludges
from the two wastewater settling lagoons were buried at the site. The landfill was not originally
scheduled to close until 2035; however, the State landfill license is being modified, and closure
of the landfill will occur much sooner. Approximately 1,600 people live within 3 miles of the
landfill. The nearest residence is 1/4 mile away. The Sheboygan River is located within 300 feet
of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy
metals, phenols, and poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Runoff water and
sediments contain heavy metals, phenols, and PAHs. Leachate samples contained
VOCs and heavy metals. Waste samples from the landfill contain VOCs, phenols,
PAHs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals. People who come in
direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated groundwater or leachate may be
at risk. Workers or trespassers who ingest, inhale, or come in direct contact with
contaminants contained in the landfill wastes could be at risk. Groundwater and
leachate discharge into the Sheboygan River. Some of the contaminants may
accumulate in the river sediments and have detrimental effects on aquatic life that
come in contact with the sediment.
March 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on source control and
management of groundwater.
Response Action Status
Source Control: In 1985, the Kohler Company, under supervision by the EPA and
the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), began investigating the
contamination at the site. The EPA selected a remedy for the site in early 1992. The
remedy calls for closing the currently operating landfill, installing a multi-layer soil cap over the
landfill, issuing zoning and access restrictions, and collecting contaminated leachate on site via a
perimeter drain. Design of the selected remedy began in mid-1992 and is expected to be
completed in 1995.
Groundwater Management: The Kohler Company is conducting a feasibility study
of potential groundwater remedies. After a public comment period, a final remedy
will be selected based on the results of the studies. Studies are scheduled for
completion in 1995.
Site Facts: In 1985, the EPA, the State, and the Kohler Company signed an Administrative
Order on Consent, whereby the company agreed to study the type and extent of contamination at
the site. The company also agreed to assess potential and actual risks to public health and the
environment and to evaluate potential cleanup alternatives.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Kohler Company Landfill site while cleanup
design actions and further investigations continue.
Site Repository
Kohler Public Library, 230 School Street, Kohler, WI 53044
March 1995 2 KOHLER COMPANY LANDFILL
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LAUER I SANIT
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID05873599&
EPA REGION 5
Waukesha County
Menomonee Falls
Other Names:
Waste Management Lauer I
United Waste Systems
Boundary Road Landfill
Site Description
From the mid-1950s to 1972, the 46-acre Lauer I Sanitary Landfill accepted a variety of
municipal and industrial wastes. The site was closed and covered in 1973. It took several years
for the owners to vegetate the cover and properly abandon the site. In 1973 and 1974, State
inspectors revealed holes in the berm around the site that allowed leachate from a collection pond
to escape into a ditch that drains into the Menomonee River. In 1981, the owner installed an
underground wall of clay materials between the landfill and the pond to stem the flow of
leachate. Presently, leachate accumulating behind the cut-off wall is sent to a municipal
wastewater treatment plant. Approximately 23,500 individuals reside within a 3-mile radius of the
site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
Soils and leachate are contaminated with benzene, cyanide, toluene, and zinc. People
may be exposed to contaminants through accidental ingestion or by coming in direct
contact with contaminated soil or leachate. Although the landfill has been covered and
seeded for recreational use, leachate continues to threaten groundwater and nearby
surface waters. Also, contaminants may enter the food chain by way of locally raised
livestock and vegetables.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: An investigation to determine the nature and extent of contamination and
to identify alternative long-term remedial methods was completed in 1993, under State
guidance. Based on the results of the investigation, a remedy will be selected for site
cleanup. The proposed remedy, which includes upgrading the existing landfill cap and leachate
and gas collection systems, is out for public comment and is expected to be approved by the
summer of 1995.
Site Facts: Negotiations between the State and one potentially responsible party, Waste
Management of Wisconsin, began in 1988. An agreement between the State and Waste
Management was signed in August 1990, requiring the company to take responsibility for
investigating site contamination and designing and constructing the State-selected remedy.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions are required at the Lauer I Sanitary Landfill site while final cleanup
remedies are being planned.
Site Repository
Maude Shunk Library, W156 N8486 Pilgrim Road, Menomonee Falls, WI 53051
May 1994 2 LAUER I SANITARY LANDFILL
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LEMBERGER
INC.
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980901243
Site Description —
EPA REGION 5
Manitowoc County
Whitelaw
Other Names:
Lemberger Fly Ash Landfill
The 21-acre Lemberger Landfill, Inc. site is located approximately 1/4 mile from Lemberger
Transport and Recycling, also an NPL site. The two sites operated under the same license from
1970 through 1976. The Township of Franklin used the site, an old gravel pit, as an open dump
from 1940 to 1970. Lemberger Landfill, Inc. operated the site as a sanitary landfill under a
license from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) from 1969 to 1976. From
1976 to 1977, Wettencamp and Brunner Excavating Company transported fly ash from
Manitowoc Public Utilities to the Lemberger facility. An estimated 1,750 to 2,500 cubic yards of
fly ash were disposed of monthly. Past WDNR inspections showed that Lemberger used fly ash
and bottom ash as cover, instead of burying them along with the refuse. In 1980, following
complaints by local residents that landfill leachate had seeped onto their properties, the WDNR
investigated and tried to get the site owners to address contamination problems at the landfill.
Lemberger Landfill, Inc. filed for bankruptcy in 1983. In 1985, volatile organic compound
(VOC) contamination was found in seven residential wells at levels that exceeded standards.
New, deeper wells were provided to residents with contaminated wells. Sampling from the new
wells in 1985 showed no contamination. Part of the site is bordered by a marsh. Wetland
vegetation occupies low-lying areas of the site. The nearby Branch River is used for swimming,
fishing, and canoeing, and the area commonly is used for hunting. Approximately 2,700 people
live within 3 miles of the site. The residents depend on public and private wells within 3 miles of
the site as a source of drinking water.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/18/85
Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs including vinyl chloride and methylene
chloride. Surface water is contaminated with phenols, VOCs, and heavy metals
including cadmium and lead. Surface soils contain VOCs, semi-volatile organic
compounds, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and inorganic compounds.
Subsurface soils contain VOCs and inorganics. Potential health threats exist if
contaminated groundwater or soil is ingested or directly contacted. Contaminants have
entered the food chain; therefore, ingesting milk or livestock and fish taken from the
river also may be a potential health threat. Exposure to contaminants may occur when
coming into direct contact with polluted surface water. The site is neither fenced nor
posted with signs to restrict access.
February 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: New wells were drilled to provide water to residences with
contaminated wells.
Entire Site: In 1984, the EPA sampled monitoring wells and leachate at the site.
The results showed elevated levels of several contaminants. In 1987, the EPA began
an investigation to determine the extent and nature of contamination and to identify
cleanup alternatives. A draft investigation report was completed in 1990. In 1991, the EPA
selected the final remedy to cleanup the site which includes groundwater extraction, treatment,
and discharge into the Branch River. Also recommended are groundwater monitoring, temporary
groundwater use restrictions, and control of landfill waste by capping the landfill and containing
contaminated groundwater inside a slurry wall. Design activities are to be completed in 1995.
Site Facts: In 1982, Lemberger signed a Consent Order with the WDNR that required
identification of the source of leachate controls, followed by groundwater monitoring. Drilling
and testing were done until the owner filed for bankruptcy. In 1992, the EPA and WDNR
entered into a Consent Decree with a group of potentially responsible parties to construct the
selected cleanup action.
Environmental Progress
By providing an alternate water supply to affected residents, potential for exposure to
contaminants in the groundwater has been reduced while final cleanup remedies are being planned
at the Lemberger Landfill, Inc. site.
Site Repository
Manitowoc Public Library, 808 Hamilton Street, Manitowoc, WI 54220
Whitelaw Village Hall, 232 E. Menasha Avenue, Whitelaw, WI
Franklin Town Chairman Steve Brooks Home/Office, Route 1, Box 293 A,
Whitelaw, WI
February 1995 2 LEMBERGER LANDFILL, INC.
-------
LEMBERGER
TRANSPORT
RECYCLING
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID056247208
EPA REGION 5
Manitowoc County
Whitelaw
Site Description
The 16-acre Lemberger Transport and Recycling site operated as an unlined landfill from 1970 to
1976. From 800,000 to 1 million gallons of tars and paint sludges were buried at the site. Heavy
metals and phenols have leached into groundwater. Large quantities of aluminum dust also are
buried on the site, as are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from the cleanup of a spill. In 1976,
the site was closed and covered with 1 foot of clay. Between 1976 and 1980, additional clay
covering was added. The owner of the farms adjoining the landfill has plowed portions of the
site, exposing bulk wastes and drums. In 1985, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
(WDNR) sampled residential wells in the area and found contamination. This site is located less
than 1A mile away from the Lemberger Landfill, also a National Priorities List site. Lemberger
Transport and Recycling and the Lemberger Landfill, Inc. operated under the same license. The
Branch River, Va mile west of the site, is used for swimming, fishing, and canoeing. Hunting
occurs in the area, and site access is unrestricted. Approximately 2,700 individuals live within 3
miles of the site and obtain their potable water supply from a shallow aquifer.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater underlying the site has been shown to be contaminated with various
volatile organic compounds (VOCs); phenols; and heavy metals including lead,
chromium, and aluminum. Soil contamination includes VOCs, semi-volatile organic
compounds, pesticides, PCBs, and inorganic compounds. Potential health threats
include ingesting or coming in direct contact with contaminated groundwater or soil.
March 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the
groundwater and source control.
Response Action Status
Groundwater: In 1987, the EPA began an investigation to determine the extent and
nature of contamination of the groundwater and to identify alternative long-term
cleanup methods. A final groundwater remedy was selected in 1991, which includes
groundwater extraction, treatment, and discharge into the Branch River, groundwater monitoring,
and temporary groundwater use restrictions. The design for these cleanup activities is complete,
and construction of the remedy is scheduled to begin by the summer of 1995.
Source Control: In 1991, the EPA began additional studies designed to add to the
data uncovered by the site investigation begun in 1987. The studies defined the
nature and extent of cleanup required to establish control over the source of
contamination. In 1993, the EPA and a group of potentially responsible parties entered into an
Administrative Order on Consent for the removal of drums, soil vapor extraction of contaminated
soils, and construction of a clay landfill cap. By the spring of 1994, 1,500 drums had been
moved off site. Treatability studies, completed in late 1994, determined that soil vapor extraction
and a clay landfill cap would be ineffective in addressing site contamination; the construction of a
composite cap was selected as an alternative remedy. Design of the composite cap was begun and
is scheduled for completion by the summer of 1995.
Site Facts: In 1982, the State signed a Consent Order with Lemberger Transport and
Recycling, requiring it to report on site conditions, including an analysis of the extent of
groundwater contamination and recommendations for cleanup actions. However, the site owners
filed for bankruptcy in 1982. In 1993, the EPA and a group of potentially responsible parties
entered into an Administrative Order on Consent to address the sources of contamination.
Environmental Progress
Ongoing actions to address the source of contamination at the Lemberger Transport and
Recycling site have reduced the threat to people and the environment while the groundwater and
source control remedies are being designed.
Site Repository
Manitowoc Public Library, 808 Hamilton Street, Manitowoc, WI 54220
Whitelaw Village Hall, 232 E. Menasha Ave, Whitelaw, WI
Franklin Town Chairman Steve Brooks, Home/Office, Route 1, Box 293 A, Whitelaw, WI
March 1995 2 LEMBERGER TRANSPORT AND RECYCLING
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MADISON
METROPOLITA
SEWERAGE [>lST*Rfiil
LAGOONS
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID078934403
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Dane County
Madison
The 135-acre Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District Lagoons site is owned by the City of
Madison, which has been depositing sludge from its Nine Springs Sewer Treatment Plant in the
two lagoons since 1942. In 1970, a section of the new lagoon's dike broke, releasing 85,000
gallons of liquid from the lagoons into an old effluent channel that runs north to Nine Springs
Creek, which empties into the Yahara River. A large number of fish were killed. A second dike
broke in 1973. The lagoons are in a low-lying area bordered by wetlands. Approximately 94,000
people reside near the site and obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site. A
mobile home park of about 250 units is located 1,000 feet from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
The sludge in the lagoons is contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and
is a potential health concern to people living near the site. People working on the
cropland where sludge is applied may be exposed to PCBs. Hunting occurs in the
wetlands adjacent to the site. The lagoons are feeding areas for many species of
waterfowl. In addition, surface water in the old effluent channel is tainted from the
PCB-contaminated sludge.
February 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
in 1995.
Entire Site: The potentially responsible parties are conducting an investigation of the
site to determine the nature and extent of contamination. Alternative cleanup remedies
will be evaluated, based on the findings of this investigation, scheduled for completion
Environmental Progress
The EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that no immediate actions were
required at the Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District Lagoons site while investigations are
being conducted and cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Madison Public Library Local Documents Section, 201 West Mifflin Street, Madison WI 59703
Madison Metropolitan Sewage District, 1610 Moorland Road, Madison, WI 53713
February 1995
MADISON METROPOLITAN
SEWERAGE DISTRICT LAGOONS
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MASTER DISPOS
SERVICE LAND
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980820070
EPA REGION 5
Waukesha County
City of Brookfield
Site Description
Master Disposal Service, Inc. operated a 26-acre landfill located on the western edge of
Brookfield. The site was licensed by the State to receive wastes in 1977. Until early in 1982, the
company filled a portion of a wetland near the banks of the Fox River with over 668,000 cubic
yards of industrial wastes including solvents, paints, adhesives, oils, and foundry wastes. A
drainage ditch adjacent to the site runs into the Fox River. In addition to its landfill operations,
the facility also burned disposed material. No wastes have been accepted at the site since it closed
in 1982 for landfill disposal, but some wastes were accepted for burning after 1982. State
sampling established that groundwater near the site is contaminated with heavy metals and
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Approximately 10,000 people reside within 3 miles of the
site and depend on 10 municipal wells in the same area for their drinking water.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs including benzene, toluene, and xylenes,
and chlorinated solvents. The groundwater also is contaminated with heavy metals
such as iron, manganese, and barium. Accidental ingestion, direct contact with, and
inhalation of contaminated airborne dusts may be a potential health threat. The site
lies on a raised plateau in the middle of a wetland, which could be contaminated from
site runoff.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: Some of the potentially responsible parties completed an investigation in
1990 to determine the nature and extent of contamination and to identify alternatives
for site cleanup. Based on the results of the investigation, the EPA selected a cleanup
strategy which includes the following: capping the site with a soil cover; installing appropriate
gas venting; installing a groundwater pump and treat system; and determining the extent of
wetlands and planning for their protection or restoration during site cleanup. The design of these
technologies began in mid-1991. Currently, design activities are continuing on some portions of
groundwater remedy. Cleanup activities began in early 1994 on the cap and the groundwater
remedies. After a two-year period of implementation, the EPA will re-evaluate the remedy to
determine whether further enhancement is necessary to fully meet cleanup goals.
Site Facts: In 1977, the State signed an agreement requiring Master Disposal Service to
develop and implement a proper site abandonment plan.
Environmental Progress
The EPA performed preliminary evaluations at the Master Disposal Service Landfill site and
determined that the site does not pose an immediate threat to the surrounding population or the
environment while design and construction of the cleanup remedies are underway.
Site Repository
Brookfield Public Library, 1900 Calhoun Road, Brookfield, WI 53005
February 1995
MASTER DISPOSAL SERVICE LANDFILL
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MID-STATE DIS
INC. LANDFIL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980823082
EPA REGION 5
Marathon County
4 miles northeast of
th|e Village of Stratford
Site Description
The Mid-State Disposal, Inc. Landfill (MSD) site is a 160-acre parcel of land located four miles
northeast of Stratford and 18 miles southwest of Wausau. The site includes the 35-acre "Old
Mound" landfill, the 5-acre "Interim Expansion" area, and a 3-acre sludge lagoon. All three are
covered with soil and vegetation. MSD conducted landfilling operations from 1970 to 1979,
receiving municipal, industrial, and commercial wastes, as well as construction and demolition
debris. These wastes included paper mill sludges, asbestos dust, solvents, pesticides, paint
sludges, and metals. Over the years, the covers of the Old Mound landfill, the Interim Expansion
area, and the sludge lagoon have been improperly maintained. Numerous environmental problems
and permit violations were noted by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR)
during a site inspection in 1974, while evaluating whether MSD was in compliance with the
newly enacted State Solid Waste Disposal Regulations. In early 1977, the WDNR approved a
plan to close the Old Mound landfill. Later that year, MSD was fined for improper closure of the
landfill, and another order was issued. A leachate containment pond on the western edge of the
site ruptured, releasing 150,000 to 200,000 gallons of leachate into Rock Creek during the late
1970s. In 1979, a lawsuit was filed by the State, ceasing operations at the site. The
Weyerhaeuser Company, a generator of waste disposed at the facility, agreed to properly close
the site in 1979. The pond leachate was removed, and the three waste disposal areas were
covered. Leachate collection systems were installed in late 1979 for both the sludge lagoon and
the interim expansion area; only the leachate collected from the latter has been removed and
treated off site. The site is surrounded by abandoned railroad tracks; two sludge disposal lagoons
owned by Weyerhaeuser, Inc. on the northeast; and private property on the east. Ten residences
are located within a 1-mile radius of the site. Most land near the site is devoted to dairy and cash
crop farming, though a few small businesses are scattered throughout the area. Surface water
from west of the Old Mound landfill drains to an unnamed tributary of Rock Creek, and surface
water from east of the Old Mound landfill drains to an unnamed tributary of the Big Eau Pleine
River.
Site Responsibility:
The site was addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
February 1995
-------
Threats and Contaminants
Several heavy metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene,
vinyl chloride, and methylene chloride have been detected in the groundwater.
Leachate samples contain metals and VOCs above drinking water standards. On-site
samples taken from the sludge lagoon, Interim Expansion area, and the Old Mound
landfill are contaminated with heavy metals. Samples containing VOCs were collected
from the tributary to Rock Creek. Soil samples from an area along the western edge
of the site are contaminated with heavy metals, phthalates (plastic by-products), and
dieldrin (a pesticide). One off-site sample taken near a tributary to Rock Creek
contained iron and copper at concentrations exceeding Federal water quality standards
designed to protect aquatic animals. Direct contact with and accidental ingestion of
contaminated soil, surface water, groundwater, leachate, or sediments may pose risks
to public health and aquatic organisms. Nearby wildlife potentially is threatened by
site contaminants.
Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1988, the EPA selected the following cleanup actions: imposing deed
restrictions on the site to ensure that future site owners do not cause new releases
from the site by building on or excavating soil from the site (restrictions also would
be placed on large off-site groundwater withdrawals in the site vicinity to prevent the use of
contaminated groundwater); constructing a fence around the site to prevent potential
trespassing; reconstructing on-site roads to accommodate truck traffic during the cleanup;
groundwater, surface water, and residential well monitoring to evaluate the effectiveness of the
cleanup actions; landfill gas monitoring; off-site groundwater monitoring; providing an alternate
water supply for nearby residences; improving surface water drainage; collecting leachate and
ponded water for off-site treatment; establishing institutional controls to prevent well installation
on site; solidifying sludge to reduce water content in it and capping the sludge lagoon to reduce
rainfall seepage into the sludge lagoon; and, constructing new soil covers and a landfill gas
collection system at the Old Mound and Interim Expansion area. Under EPA supervision, the
parties potentially responsible for the site contamination began designing the cleanup activities in
1989. Quarterly groundwater monitoring indicated no need for providing an alternate water
supply. Construction of the remedies was begun in 1993 and completed in 1994. All cleanup
goals at the site have been met. Long-term monitoring of the on-site groundwater will continue
for 30 years to ensure the long-term effectiveness of the remedy.
Site Facts: In 1980, a group of citizens filed suit against Mid-State Disposal, Inc.,
Weyerhaeuser, and the WDNR for past improper handling and disposal of hazardous waste at the
site.
February 1995 2 MID-STATE DISPOSAL, INC. LANDFILL
-------
Environmental Progress
All construction of cleanup remedies have been completed and cleanup goals at the Mid-State
Disposal, Inc. Landfill site have been met. Long-term monitoring of the on-site groundwater will
continue for 30 years.
Site Repository
Marathon County Library, 300 Larch Street, Stratford, WI 54484
MID-STATE DISPOSAL, INC. LANDFILL
February 1995
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MOSS-AMERI
(KERR-MCGEE
OIL CO.)
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID039052626
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Milwaukee County
Milwaukee
Other Names:
Kerr McGee Chem. Corp. Forest
Prod. Div.
The 88-acre Moss-American site is located in northwestern Milwaukee. Operations at the site
began in 1921, when the Moss Tie Company began to treat railroad ties with creosote, a wood
preservative. The site operated from 1921 until 1976, when it was closed by Kerr-McGee, a
former owner. During the facility's period of operation, liquid wastes were discharged to settling
ponds that drained into the Little Menomonee River. Between 1963 and 1965, the Kerr-McGee
Chemical Corporation purchased both companies and formed the Moss-American Company.
Contamination at the site was first reported during the late 1960s. In 1971, several people
received creosote-related chemical burns from wading in the Little Menomonee River. The EPA
filed an injunction against Kerr-McGee in 1974, ordering the cleanup of contaminated river
sediments. Following the site's closing in 1976, the EPA continued to investigate the site and to
gather evidence for its suit. The case, however, was dismissed in 1978 because of erroneous field
data. Milwaukee County dropped its pending lawsuit against Kerr-McGee that same year in
exchange for 65 acres of the site. Kerr-McGee sold the remaining 23 acres of the site to the
Chicago and Northwestern Railroad Company in 1980. The site is surrounded by a mixture of
urban and rural uses. The railroad company now uses the parcel as an automobile loading and
storage area. Total population within a 1-mile radius of the site is estimated at 9,500 people, all
of whom depend on public wells for drinking water. The Little Menomonee River crosses the site
area and is used for recreational purposes.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
February 1995
-------
Threats and Contaminants
IT
Groundwater samples have shown elevated levels of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Free-standing creosote or an
oil sheen was observed in three monitoring well samples; similar observations were
noted in eight test pits. The primary contaminants detected in the river sediments are
PAHs. Contaminants found in the soil in the processing area and vicinity, the treated
wood storage area, and the northeast and southeast landfills include PAHs and BTX
compounds, both components of creosote. PAHs were detected in a ditch that drains
water from the site to the river. The Little Menomonee River has been negatively
impacted by surface water runoff and sediments from the site. Potential health risks
exist for individuals inhaling volatilized chemicals or ingesting or making direct
contact with the contaminated sediments, soil, groundwater, or surface water.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: interim actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Interim Actions: Contaminated sediment along 1,700 feet of the riverbed adjacent
to the site was excavated and landfilled near the northeastern corner of the site. In
1973, the EPA financed the dredging of approximately 5,000 feet of the river. The
plant facilities were demolished in 1978, and some oil-saturated soil was excavated and shipped
to the Nuclear Engineering Landfill in Sheffield, Illinois.
Entire Site: The EPA completed an investigation in 1990 to identify the key
physical features of the site, to locate on-site sources of creosote and other
contaminants or hazardous wastes, and to determine the extent of contaminated soil,
groundwater, and river sediment. Based on the results of this investigation, the EPA has selected
remedies for cleanup, which include rerouting the Little Menomonee River, pumping and treating
contaminated groundwater, and a combination of soil washing and bioremediation using bacterial
organisms. Approximately 86,500 cubic yards of soil and sediment will be treated. The design of
these technologies began in 1991 and is expected to be completed in 1995.
Environmental Progress
By removing contaminated sediment from the Little Menomonee River, the EPA has reduced the
potential for exposure to hazardous materials in the river while the final cleanup remedies are
being designed for the Moss-American site.
February 1995 2 MOSS-AMERICAN (KERR-MCGEE OIL CO.)
-------
Site Repository
Mill Road Library, 6431 North 76th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53223
MOSS-AMERICAN (KERR-MCGEE OIL CO.) 3 February 1995
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MUSKEGO SAN
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID000713180
EPA REGION 5
BWaukesha County
Muskego
Other Names:
Wauer Landfill
Site Description
The 56-acre Muskego Sanitary Landfill site is a former animal rendering plant with associated
wastewater lagoons located northeast of the site. The site is defined by three areas known as the
Old Fill, the Non-Contiguous Fill and the Southeast Fill. Prior to landfill operations, the site was
run as a farm by the Alfred Wauer family. The Wauers, who also ran the off-site animal
rendering plant and associated waste lagoons, used an inactive sand and gravel pit located on the
farm for the disposal of animal carcasses and blood. The quarry pit evolved into an open dump,
and in 1954, Mr. Wauer obtained a permit from the City of Muskego to operate the Old Fill as a
public dumping ground. During the 1960s, the Wauers allegedly accepted waste oils and paint
products. Drums were emptied at or near the Old Fill and their contents were burned in open
fires. In 1969, Acme Disposal, a subsidiary of Waste Management of Wisconsin, Inc. (WMWI),
leased the property and continued operations at the dump. The Old Fill was licensed by the
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) in 1971 as a sanitary landfill. In 1975, the
WDNR determined that the quality of groundwater was deteriorating in the vicinity of the site
and subsequently ordered WMWI to cap and close the Old Fill. By 1976, the landfill had been
renamed the Muskego Sanitary Landfill and was operated directly by WMWI. The Southeast Fill
was approved as a sanitary landfill by the WDNR in 1977 and remained active until it was filled
to capacity and closed in 1981. Groundwater contamination was discovered in 1982 when the
WDNR reviewed data in response to a request from WMWI for approval to do repair work on
both fill areas. The Town of Waukesha, with a population of 51,000, is to the east of the landfill.
The Fox River and associated wetlands are in the area.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater underlying the site has been shown to be contaminated with volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals including lead and chromium from
landfill wastes. Potential health risks exist for individuals who drink the contaminated
groundwater. The wetlands also may be threatened.
March 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: initial actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on source control and groundwater.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1982, the WDNR found elevated levels of contaminants in four
residential wells. The four affected homes were purchased by WMWI. In 1985, the
City of Muskego created a public water utility and constructed a system to serve area
homes that may have been using contaminated wells. Approximately 19,820 pounds of liquid
solvents and 1,735 tons of contaminated soil and old drums were removed from the site by the
potentially responsible parties in the spring of 1990.
Source Control: Under EPA monitoring, WMWI initiated an investigation in 1987
to determine the nature and extent of contamination at the site and to identify
alternative cleanup methods. The EPA evaluated the results of geophysical surveying,
groundwater monitoring, test pit and soil sampling, and private well sampling, and selected the
final cleanup strategy for site contamination in the summer of 1992. The remedy included
construction of a landfill cap and leachate and gas collection systems. Design of the remedy was
completed in late 1993 and construction was completed by late 1994. The systems are currently
in operation.
Groundwater: In 1987, the potentially responsible parties began a study to
determine the nature and extent of groundwater contamination and to identify cleanup
alternatives. The remedy selected in early 1995 calls for groundwater extraction and
treatment. Design of the remedy is scheduled to begin by late 1995.
Site Facts: WMWI entered into an agreement to finance and conduct the investigation at the
site. The Administrative Order was signed in 1987 by WMWI, the EPA, and the WDNR.
In December 1992, a Unilateral Administrative Order (UAO) was issued to WMWI and over 40
other potentially responsible parties to implement the design and construction of the source
control remedy.
Environmental Progress
The purchase of the four homes with contaminated wells, construction of a public water supply
system, and construction of the source control remedies, have reduced the potential for exposure
to contaminated groundwater while cleanup activities for the groundwater are being planned at
the Muskego Sanitary Landfill site.
March 1995 2 MUSKEGO SANITARY LANDFILL
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Site Repository
Muskego Public Library, South 8200 Racine Avenue, Muskego, WI 53150
MUSKEGO SANITARY LANDFILL 3 March 1995
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NATIONAL PRES
INDUSTRIES, IN
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID006196174
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Eau Claire County and
Chippewa County
Eau Claire
The 325-acre National Presto Industries (NPI) site originally was owned by the U.S. Government
and operated by government contractors as a small arms loading plant and manufacturing facility
for radar tubes during the 1940s. NPI purchased the property in 1947 and has maintained sole
ownership of the facility. From 1948 until 1954, NPI manufactured consumer goods at the site.
During the latter part of this period, the facility also was used for defense-related activities,
including manufacturing fuses for the Army and parts for military aircraft. Between 1954 and
1980, NPI has dedicated the plant to the production of artillery shell parts under contracts with
the Army. Manufacturing operations at the facility ceased in 1980. The facility currently is
inactive, and the Army has decided not to renew the annual standby contract with the National
Defense Corporation which, in the past, has maintained the facility in a state of readiness for the
Army. Wastewater generated at the facility originally was discharged to seven on-site seepage
pits. By 1952, the seepage pits could no longer handle the high volume of water flow from the
plant, and the wastewater was pumped to a former sand and gravel pit, which may have been
used as a disposal area before 1948. From 1967 to 1969, wastewater lagoons were constructed to
provide additional disposal capacity. Up to 2 1/2 million gallons of wastewater were discharged
into the lagoons each day. Between 1966 and 1969, wastes containing volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) were disposed of in one of the lagoons and in an area northeast of the plant known as the
Melby Road site. In 1986, an additional disposal area was discovered on the eastern end of the
NPI property line, following a complaint to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
(WDNR). Drums containing a variety of waste materials were found and later were removed and
stored on an unused loading dock at the plant by NPI. The City of Eau Claire has a population of
53,400 people. Many nearby residences used private wells before permanent alternate drinking
water supplies were provided in 1992. The Eau Claire Municipal Well Field, another site on the
National Priorities List (NPL), is located within 3 miles of the site. Site investigations have
shown the National Presto site to be the source of contamination at the Eau Claire site. A single
continuous plume extends from waste disposal areas at the National Presto site to the Eau Claire
site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
February 1995
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Threats and Contaminants
m
Groundwater and soils are contaminated with various VOCs and heavy metals. Low
levels of VOCs were detected in Lake Hallie, approximately 1 mile north of the site.
Potential health threats include accidentally ingesting or coming in direct contact with
contaminated soil or groundwater. Access to the main plant area is restricted by
fencing and is checked by security guards throughout the day and night. Access to the
remainder of the site is not restricted, although much of the site is surrounded by a
fence.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four stages: immediate actions and three long-term phases focusing
on groundwater cleanup, construction of a permanent water supply, and source control. The
permanent water supply was completed in 1992.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1989, NPI began providing bottled water to Town of
Hallie and City of Eau Claire residences and businesses whose wells were
contaminated or threatened by contamination from the NPI site. Permanent alternate
drinking water supplies became fully operational in early 1992, and the bottled water program
has been discontinued. Fences were erected around the property boundaries of the Melby Road
Disposal Site and the East Disposal Site in order to discourage access. Removal of the wastes in
lagoon #1 by pumping began in the fall of 1993 and is scheduled for completion in 1996. The
wastes are being recycled as an alternative fuel.
Groundwater: Under EPA oversight, NPI initiated an investigation to determine the
nature and extent of site contamination and to evaluate alternatives for groundwater
cleanup. In late 1991, the EPA selected a remedy for on-site contaminated
groundwater that includes extracting, treating, and discharging groundwater to the Chippewa
River. The EPA began construction of the extraction wells to contain the plume in mid-1992.
Construction was completed in early 1994 and the treatment system became operational in the
spring of 1994.
Permanent Water Supply: In 1991, the City of Eau Claire and the Hallie Sanitary
District began construction of permanent water supply hookups to serve the area
affected by contaminated groundwater. These actions, funded by NPI, were completed
in early 1992.
February 1995 2 NATIONAL PRESTO INDUSTRIES, INC.
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Source Control: An investigation to determine the nature and extent of site
contamination and to evaluate source control remedies is scheduled for completion in
1995. Alternatives under consideration for source areas include soil vapor extraction,
consolidation and capping, and recycling some of the waste materials as an alternative fuel.
Site Facts: In 1986, NPI signed a Consent Order with the EPA and the State to conduct an
investigation to determine the nature and extent of contamination at the site and to identify
alternative cleanup remedies. A Unilateral Order was issued in 1989 for bottled water to be
distributed to affected residents. An additional 1991 Unilateral Order was issued, requiring NPI
to distribute drinking water supplies to affected residences and businesses near the site. A
Unilateral Order was issued in mid-1992, requiring NPI to construct the remedy for on-site
plume containment. An Administrative Order by Consent was issued in October 1993 for the
removal of wastes in lagoon #1.
Environmental Progress
The replacement drinking water systems are fully operational and provide a safe water supply.
Currently, pumping and treating groundwater and pumping lagoon #1 have made the site safer
while alternatives for source control are being evaluated.
Site Repository
Chippewa Falls Public Library, 105 West Central Road, Chippewa Falls, WI 54729
Hallie Town Hall, Route 9, 957 Hagen Road, Chippewa Falls, WI 54729
NATIONAL PRESTO INDUSTRIES, INC. 3 February 1995
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N.W. MAUTHE
COMPANY, INC
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID083290981
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Outagamie County
Appleton
The 2-acre N.W. Mauthe Company, Inc. site operated as a chromium electroplating facility from
1946 to 1976. The building was leased during this time by Wisconsin Chromium Corporation.
Norbert Mauthe had owned the facility since 1966, and the property is now being managed by his
estate. The facility was a generator of hazardous waste, which has severely contaminated the site
with chromium. The chromium leaked through the floor and from a vent directly onto the
ground. The EPA conducted tests in 1985 and detected chromium and volatile organic chemicals
(VOCs) in the soil and groundwater. In 1982, contaminated groundwater from the site entered the
basement of a home and was discharged to storm sewers that lead to the Fox River, 1/2 mile
from the site. The river drains into Lake Winnebago, which provides drinking water to 60,000
people. The river flows toward the City of Green Bay and empties into the Green Bay.
Approximately 11,000 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles
of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and soils contain various VOCs and heavy metals including chromium.
People who come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated
groundwater or soil may be at risk. If contaminants leach into the river or lake,
wildlife in or around the water may be harmed.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
February 1995
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Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1982, the State installed a system to collect shallow groundwater,
preventing puddles from forming. A portion of the site was covered with asphalt to
limit rainwater from coming into contact with the contaminated soil. Additional
removal actions included installing fencing, decontaminating the building and excavating and
temporarily storing contaminated soils.
Entire Site: The State has completed an investigation to determine the extent of
groundwater and soil contamination at the site. The remedy, selected in early 1994,
calls for the removal of contaminated soil, the collection, treatment and discharge of
contaminated groundwater into the sanitary sewer, and the demolition of a building. Design of
the remedy is underway and scheduled for completion in 1995.
Environmental Progress
Initial actions to install a shallow groundwater collection system and paving a portion of the site
with asphalt have reduced the potential for migration of contaminants from the N.W. Mauthe
Company, Inc. site while final cleanup activities are being designed.
Site Repository
Appleton Public Library, 225 North Oneida Street, Appleton, WI 54911
February 1995
N.W. MAUTHE COMPANY, INC.
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NORTHERN
ENGRAVIN
COMPANY
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID006183826
EPA REGION 5
Monroe County
Sparta
Site Description
The Northern Engraving Company (NEC) owns and operates a manufacturing facility at this site.
The company produces metal nameplates, dials, and decorative trim for the auto industry. Four
separate areas of contamination at the NEC facility have been identified, including the sludge
lagoon, seepage pit, sludge dump site, and lagoon drainage ditch. The contaminants found in
these areas were from past wastewater treatment and disposal practices used at the site. Since the
1960s, wastewaters and by-products of the metal finishing process have been treated on site. An
on-site wastewater treatment lagoon was installed in 1967. Rinse water from the plant was
collected and treated with sodium hydroxide for precipitation to metal hydroxide solids. The
treated rinse water was discharged to the sludge lagoon to allow solids to settle. The treated
lagoon effluent was discharged to the LaCrosse River by way of a storm drainage ditch. Between
1968 and 1976, the sludge lagoon accumulated solids from the treated wastewater. On two
occasions, sludge was removed from the lagoon and landfilled in an on-site dump area. The
sludge lagoon eventually was removed from service in 1980, and an on-site seepage pit was used
to neutralize spent acid waste. The pit was removed from service, filled with clean material, and
graded in 1981. A new aboveground wastewater treatment system was installed in 1976 and
modified in 1984. The nearby LaCrosse River is used for recreational activities.
Site Responsibility:
This site was addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
II
The on-site drainage ditch was contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE), a volatile
organic compound, from metal finishing wastes. Groundwater and sludge were
contaminated with heavy metals including copper, chromium, iron, zinc, nickel, and
fluoride. Site cleanup has eliminated the potential for health risks.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1988, under EPA supervision, the parties potentially responsible for
the contamination excavated and solidified approximately 4,400 cubic yards of sludge
and soil, installed a cover over the lagoon to prevent further site contamination,
imposed access and deed restrictions on the seepage pit property, and implemented groundwater
monitoring. A full year of groundwater sampling has been completed, and results indicate that
contamination levels have been reduced as a result of the surface cleanup. Further groundwater
monitoring will be continued on a quarterly basis until a baseline for water quality for the area
can be established for purposes of comparison. Once the baseline is established, the monitoring
will be conducted semi-annually. The need for further monitoring will be evaluated in 5 years.
Site Facts: A Consent Decree was signed by the potentially responsible parties, the EPA, and
the State, under which the company conducted investigative and site cleanup activities.
Environmental Progress
The removal activities described above have addressed surface wastes and contaminated material
and have halted further groundwater impacts. The Northern Engraving Company site no longer
poses a threat to human health or the environment.
Site Repository
Sparta Public Library, West Main & Court Streets, Sparta, WI 54656
February 1995
NORTHERN ENGRAVING COMPANY
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OCONOMOWO
ELECTROPLAT
COMPANY,
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID006100275
EPA REGION 5
Dodge County
Ashippin
Site Description
The 5-acre Oconomowoc Electroplating Company, Inc. site is adjacent to Davy Creek and 300
acres of wetlands. The shop was in operation from 1957 to 1992, using heavy metals in
electroplating operations. The wastes generated from the process were discharged into the
adjacent wetlands. Degreasing operations also were performed in conjunction with the process. In
1972, the company built two unlined settling lagoons to increase wastewater treatment capacity.
Sludges accumulated in the lagoons and some were removed throughout the 1970s. During this
time, the company constructed a wastewater treatment plant. Inefficient operation of the lagoons
and the treatment plant, as well as discharges of untreated wastewater, have resulted in an
accumulation of metal sludge in a wetland adjacent to Davy Creek, a tributary to the Rock River
a mile downstream of the site. The unlined lagoons, chemical spills, and plant operations also
may have contaminated the groundwater in the area. Plating wastes ate through the concrete
waste troughs in the plant floor and seeped out of the ground near the plant walls. Drums of
wastes leaked on site, and sludges spilled from lagoon impoundments. Approximately 1,400
people live within 3 miles of the site. The nearest house is 150 feet from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals, cyanide, and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) from electroplating activities. The wetland and creek sediment and
surface water are contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, copper,
and lead. The on-site soil is contaminated with heavy metals including chromium,
cadmium, copper, and arsenic. Ingesting, coming in direct contact with, or inhaling
the contaminated soil, groundwater, and creek sediments may cause a potential health
threat. In the wetlands and creek sediments, the contaminants that threaten the aquatic
organisms could bioaccumulate in their tissues, and possibly pose a threat to anyone
consuming those organisms.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: an immediate action and two long-term remedial
phases focusing on cleanup of the lagoons and soils and the wetlands.
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: In 1987, the EPA installed a fence around the entire site to
restrict access. In 1991, the site owner declared bankruptcy and ceased operations.
The EPA conducted an emergency response, disposing of drummed wastes and
demolishing the building.
Lagoons and Soils: In 1990, the EPA completed an investigation into the extent of
contamination and alternative remedies to cleanup the site. Planned long-term cleanup
actions include: installation and operation of a groundwater pump and treat system;
lagoon cleanup and closure; removal of the remaining soil; and excavation and cleanup of the
wetland and creek sediments. Design work on the long term actions began in 1990 and was
completed in 1993. Cleanup will occur in stages. Removing the remaining stockpiled soil and
excavating and cleaning the wetlands and creek sediments will be completed in 1995. The
groundwater pump and treatment system will be completed by the summer of 1996. The lagoon
water will be treated and the lagoon closed by the end of 1996.
Wetlands: In 1990, the EPA began an investigation into the nature and extent of
contamination in adjacent wetlands. Following the investigation, a cleanup remedy
was selected which include dredging of the wetlands followed by the construction and
operation of a groundwater pump and treatment system. After the completion of additional
studies, dredging was begun in the spring of 1994 and is scheduled for completion in 1995.
Construction of the groundwater pump and treatment system will begin in the spring of 1995 and
is scheduled to be operational in the summer of 1996.
Site Facts: In 1981, the State ordered the Oconomowoc Electroplating Company, Inc. to
restrict its discharge of heavy metals into the wetlands.
Environmental Progress
The fencing of the site and the removal and disposal of the process building and its associated
equipment, chemicals, and wastes, have reduced the potential for exposure to contour ..x.
materials at the Oconomowoc Electroplating Company, Inc. site while cleanup activities are being
conducted.
February 1995 2 OCONOMOWOC ELECTROPLATING
COMPANY, INC.
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Site Repository
F & M Bank, North 533, Highway 67, Ashippun, WI 53003
OCONOMOWOC ELECTROPLATING 3 February 1995
COMPANY, INC.
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OMEGA HILLS
NORTH LANDF
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID000808568
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Washington County
Germantown
Other Names:
Germantown Landfill 1
m. Waste Mgmt. of Wisconsin
Lauer Landfill II
The Omega Hills North Landfill Site covers 83 acres in the southeastern part of Wisconsin, near
metropolitan Milwaukee. The State of Wisconsin licensed this landfill to accept hazardous wastes
from 1977 until 1982. It is estimated that the facility accepted about 5,000 tons of hazardous
waste each year. The State estimates there are now over 150,000 cubic yards of waste on the
site. This total includes 3,300 cubic yards of heavy metals and 350 cubic yards of solvents.
About 250 Wisconsin industries have used the site for hazardous waste disposal. Large amounts
of asbestos have been and still are being disposed of at the site. More than 15 million gallons of
liquid wastes were disposed of at this site each year until it stopped accepting such wastes; this
includes an estimated 6 million gallons of hazardous liquid waste. The site stopped accepting
hazardous wastes in 1982 and liquid wastes in 1983. In 1989, the site stopped accepting all
wastes, and a soil cover was installed in accordance with the WDNR Solid Waste requirements.
The facility originally was built below the level of groundwater under the site. This allows
leachate to flow away from the landfill and into an extensive network that collects the waste
material before it reaches the groundwater. However, the system for collecting leachate has not
operated as it was designed, which has resulted in 200 million gallons of liquid waste
accumulating under the site. Approximately 42,000 people live within a 3-mile radius of the site.
There are 874 private wells within 3 miles of the landfill. Most residents are currently connected
to the municipal water. The nearest municipal well is 1 1/2 miles away, and the nearest
residences are 150 yards from the site. Several office buildings are located within 100 yards of
the property.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
February 1995
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Threats and Contaminants
Leachate has been migrating from the site and has contaminated the shallow
groundwater under several private wells in the area with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) including benzenes, toluene, and vinyl chloride. Leachate contains heavy
metals such as zinc, nickel, arsenic, and cadmium, as well as phthalates, a by-product
of plastic production, and VOCs including trichloroethylene (TCE). Leachate on site
also contains cyanide, gases, petrochemicals, and pesticides. Surface water in off-site
streams contains VOCs. Individuals could be exposed to hazardous chemicals from the
site by drinking contaminated groundwater, eating crops grown with contaminated
water or soil, or by inhaling contaminated dust particles.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Currently, a number of low fences surround the site and signs
have been posted warning people not to trespass on the landfill property. The site is
closed and covered with 4 feet of compacted clay. Under State monitoring, the owner
of the site installed additional perimeter slurry or compacted clay cut-off walls and systems to
collect leachate, preventing it from entering the groundwater under the site. The owner also
installed a pre-treatment plant for the leachate and devices to intercept and collect gases that
escape from the landfill.
Entire Site: The owner of the site is conducting a study to determine the nature and
extent of contamination. Once the investigation has been completed and all site
contamination has been identified, the State will select the final cleanup strategy for
the site, possibly under authority of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) rather
than Superfund.
Site Facts: In 1989, the owner of the site entered into a stipulated agreement with the State to
decrease the levels of leachate under the site and to address other environmental problems. The
facility closed later that year.
February 1995 2 OMEGA HILLS NORTH LANDFILL
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Environmental Progress
Collecting and treating leachate, covering the landfill, and fencing and posting signs at the site
haVe reduced exposure to contaminants while investigations leading to the selection of final
cleanup remedies for the Omega Hills North Landfill are taking place.
Site Repository
Not established.
OMEGA HILLS NORTH LANDFILL
February 1995
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ONALASKA
MUNICIPAL
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980821656
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
LaCrosse County
Onalaska
The Onalaska Municipal Landfill covers 7 acres of an 11-acre parcel located in a rural,
agricultural area near residential homes and a sportsman's club. The landfill area was originally
mined as a sand and gravel quarry in the early 1960s. From 1969 to 1980, the Town of Onalaska
operated a licensed municipal landfill at the former quarry. Municipal trash and industrial
chemical wastes including naphtha, toluene, and paint residues were disposed of at the site. Open
burning also occurred until 1971, when the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
(WDNR) banned this practice after receiving complaints of heavy smoke and odors. After 1971,
barrels containing waste were emptied into pre-excavated holes and, occasionally, full barrels
were buried. In one case, it is alleged that 300 barrels were buried, and in another case, it is
alleged that a 500-gallon tank truck partially filled with paint residues was buried at the site. The
EPA estimates that the equivalent of 2,500 drums of liquid wastes were disposed of at the site.
The WDNR closed the landfill in 1980. Areas of the site were capped with sand and silts. The
closest residence is located within 300 feet of the site, and approximately 320 people live within a
1-mile radius of the site. The nearby Black River is a major recreational resource for residents in
the surrounding area.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
February 1995
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Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including trichloroethylene
(TCE) and toluene, naphtha, and barium. The groundwater in the sand and gravel
aquifer below the site is believed to be in contact with the buried waste during times
of high water. As a result of this contact, soil outside of the landfill has been
contaminated with floating petroleum and hydrocarbon products. Chemicals in the
landfill are leaching into the groundwater, which may eventually reach an adjacent
wetlands area and the nearby Black River. People could be exposed to contaminants
from the site by drinking contaminated groundwater and by breathing in vapors that
escape from contaminated groundwater when used for washing and showering.
Groundwater flows from the site toward the upper Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge,
which also borders the Black River and Lake Onalaska. Contaminated runoff from the
site could affect these surface waters, as well as the aquatic plants and animals and
wildlife residing in these areas.
Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: The Town of Onalaska placed a cap over the landfill in 1982 to
prevent seepage from spreading the contaminants. A residential well was replaced due
to contamination that exceeded the Federal drinking water and State groundwater
quality standards.
Entire Site: Based on studies of the site involving sampling and extensive field work,
the EPA and the WDNR considered various technologies to address contamination,
and in a 1990 decision chose in-situ bioremediation, groundwater pumping and
treatment, and a landfill with a gas venting cap to address contaminated groundwater and soil.
The EPA began designing the cleanup approach in early 1991 and completed this activity in late
1992. The landfill cap construction was completed in late 1993. The construction of the in-situ
bioremediation and groundwater pumping and treatment system was completed in the summer of
1994.
Environmental Progress
All construction at the site is complete. Placing a new cap over the landfill and replacing a
residential water well have reduced any imminent threats of direct contact with hazardous
materials while cleanup activities and residential well sampling and testing for the Onalaska
Landfill site are being conducted.
February 1 995
ONALASKA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
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Site Repository
LaCrosse County Public Library, Onalaska Branch, 741 Oak Avenue, South,
Onalaska, WI 54650
Holmen Library, 103 State Street, P.O. Box 539, Holmen, WI 54636
ONALASKA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
February 1 995
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REFUSE HIDE
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980610S$$4
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Dane County
2 miles west of Middleton and 4 miles
east of Cross Plains
The 23-acre Refuse Hideaway Landfill site is located in rural Dane County. This privately owned
unlined landfill received municipal, commercial, and industrial wastes between 1974 and 1988.
Wastes that were disposed of at the site included full barrels of glue and paint, spray paint booth
by-products and paint stripper sludge, and spill residues containing volatile organic compounds
(VOCs). In 1988, after contaminants were detected in private wells southwest of the site, the
landfill was closed by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR). The owner of
the landfill complied with the closing order by covering the landfill with clay and soil and then
seeding the cover. The owner declared bankruptcy in 1989. WDNR investigated the site in 1990
and discovered that the landfill cap was eroding. The investigation also revealed the presence of
contaminants in groundwater, including two additional private wells. A plume of contaminated
groundwater extends as far as 3,800 feet southwest of the site. Public and private wells within 4
miles of the site provide water supplies to an estimated 14,600 people in the area; the nearest of
these wells is privately owned and within a half mile of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State and potentially
responsible party actions.
NPL Listing History
Proposed Date: 02/07/92
Final Date: 10/14/92
Threats and Contaminants
Soil and on-site and off-site groundwater, including private wells southwest of the site,
are contaminated with various VOCs, such as methylene chloride, vinyl chloride, and
acetone. Individuals who accidentally ingest or come into direct contact with
contaminated soil or groundwater could be at risk.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1988, the landfill was closed. The owner of the landfill
covered the area with layers of clay and soil and then seeded the cover. In response
to the detection of contaminants in groundwater, several contaminated wells have
been outfitted with treatment systems, while others have been taken out of service. In 1991,
WDNR installed a methane gas and leachate collection system. In 1992, WDNR began the plans
to repair surface erosion on the landfill.
Entire Site: In early 1993, the state began an investigation into the nature and extent
of contamination at the site. The investigation, scheduled for completion in 1995, also
will identify possible cleanup technologies.
Environmental Progress
Immediate actions such as the installation of treatment systems on some contaminated wells and
closing other wells have reduced immediate threats posed to the safety and health of the nearby
population while investigations are underway and activities are being planned for cleanup of the
site.
Site Repository
Not established.
February 1995
REFUSE HIDEAWAY LANDFILL
-------
RIPON CITY
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980610190
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Fond Du Lac County
Ripon
The Ripon City Landfill site is located on approximately ll/i acres of land % of a mile northwest
of the city of Ripon. The site is located in a rural area, surrounded by woods, an active gravel
pit, a private residence, and an agricultural field. East of the site, a portion of the original gravel
pit is being filled with miscellaneous debris by passers by. The site is owned by a private party,
who leased the land to the City of Ripon in 1967 for the purpose of landfilling. Early in 1968,
the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) discovered that a local electric
appliance manufacturer had been disposing of liquid wastes and containers in the landfill since
1966. In 1973, after reviewing these wastes, WDNR determined that they were hazardous and
should not be disposed of at the site; however, the electric appliance manufacturer continued to
dump at the facility until 1979. In 1981, WDNR requested that the city develop a closure plan
for the landfill and replace monitoring wells destroyed by site operations. WDNR also requested
that the city conduct quarterly groundwater sampling as required by State law for all closed
landfills. The facility was officially closed in February 1983. In 1984, a residential well located
500 feet south of the site was found to be contaminated as a result of contamination from the
landfill. The City of Ripon has a population of 11,286 people, all living within 4 miles of the
site. Residents of Ripon obtain their drinking water solely from groundwater. A municipal well
for the city of Green Lake serves 500 people and is also located within 4 miles of the site.
Approximately 2,077 people receive drinking water from private wells within 4 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
The site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/23/93
Final Date: 05/31/94
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater beneath the site is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), including vinyl chloride, benzene, and xylene. Coming into contact with or
ingesting contaminated groundwater could pose a health risk.
September 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In mid-1984, the EPA performed an initial inspection of the site.
Groundwater samples are being evaluated on an ongoing basis to determine the extent
of ground water contamination from the site. The EPA is planning a full-scale
investigation of the nature and extent of groundwater contamination at the site. This investigation
will lead to the selection of remedies for final cleanup of the site.
Environmental Progress
The EPA has determined that no immediate actions are necessary to contain or remove
contaminated materials from the site while studies leading to final cleanup are being planned.
Site Repository
Not yet established.
September 1994
RIPON CITY LANDFILL
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SAUK COUNTO
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980610141
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Sauk County
10 miles west of Baraboo
The 14-acre Sauk County Landfill site operated as a landfill, accepting municipal and foundry
wastes. In 1973, the County received a permit from the State to accept municipal waste, which
was hauled in from several small municipalities and placed on the site until 1983. The landfill
also accepted foundry wastes from Grede Foundry, Inc. Foundry sand formed berms within the
landfill area. An estimated 2 percent of the wastes were baghouse dusts containing lead and
cadmium. The landfill was closed in 1983, and clay was placed on the top and sides of the
facility. An EPA inspection in 1985 found that methane gas was being generated from site wastes
and that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and metals were present in on-site monitoring wells.
Approximately 900 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
Soil and groundwater are contaminated with VOCs. The greatest potential health
threat is drinking contaminated groundwater or inhaling vapors released by the
groundwater. Inhaling air contaminated with methane gas also is a potential health
threat.
March 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: The landfill was closed in 1983, at which time a clay cap was
placed over it to prevent water from entering the landfill and spreading contaminants.
Entire Site: In 1991, Sauk County, in an agreement with the State, began an
investigation into the nature and extent of soil, groundwater, and other contamination
at the site. A remedy was selected in early 1994, which included upgrading the
landfill cap, installing a gas collection system, and monitoring the groundwater. Currently, the
landfill cap is complete and the gas collection system is operating. By late 1995, the results of the
groundwater monitoring will be used to determine whether a pump and treat system will be
necessary.
Environmental Progress
Covering the landfill with clay and installing a gas collection system has reduced the potential for
hazardous materials moving into the groundwater or the surrounding area while monitoring of the
groundwater continues.
Site Repository
Reedsburg Public Library, 345 Vine St., Reedsburg, WI
Baraboo Public Library, 230 Fourth Ave., Baraboo, WI
March 1995
SAUK COUNTY LANDFILL
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SCHMALZ DU
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980820096
EPA REGION 5
Calumet County
Town of Harrison
Site Description
The 3/4-acre Schmalz Dump site is located on the northern shore of Lake Winnebago and was
the location of unauthorized industrial dumping during the 1960s and 1970s. The previous site
owner began filling the property in 1968. Records show that the wastes disposed of included car
bodies, stone, trees, pulp chips, mash, fly ash, bottom ash, and demolition debris. Adjacent
property to the north and west of the site also was used for waste disposal. Reportedly, these
wastes included ashes and a white sludge. Evidently, garbage was deposited in a marshy area that
once existed immediately beyond the southern property line. In 1972 and 1973, the site accepted
fly ash and bottom ash from a utility company. In 1978 and 1979, the site accepted
polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated building demolition debris that was later used to fill
a wetland area. In 1979, in response to residents' complaints, the State ordered the transportation
of demolition materials to the site to cease. There are about 60 residences and businesses within
1,000 feet of the property, and the site is about 500 feet from Lake Winnebago, a source of
public water supply. All water users in the area are connected to the Menasha water system,
although some have retained wells for auxiliary purposes. The neighboring City of Appleton,
with a population of 60,000, has its drinking water intake approximately 1,200 feet from the
shore of Lake Winnebago.
Site Responsibility:
This site was addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals including lead and chromium.
Sediment and surface water samples collected from a pond near the disposal area and
from the drainage ditches leading into the pond indicated the presence of PCBs and
heavy metals. Soil was contaminated with heavy metals and PCBs. Potential health
threats to people include drinking contaminated surface water and coming into direct
contact with contaminated sediments.
February 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1985, the EPA constructed a 6-foot-high security fence and
posted warning signs around the entire site boundary to restrict access.
Soil and Sediments: In 1988, the EPA completed excavating and removing 3,500
cubic yards of PCB-contaminated debris-laden soil and sediments from the site
grounds and from an on-site pond.
Source Control: The selected cleanup technologies to address the source of
contamination included the installation of a soil cap operation, maintenance of a
groundwater monitoring program, and implementation of a voluntary well
abandonment program for nearby wells. Construction and seeding of the cap were completed by
the fall of 1994.
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA and one of the eight parties potentially responsible for the site
contamination reached a $2 million settlement which paid for the portion of the site cleanup
activities that removed PCB-contaminated debris. A Consent Decree, entered on August 31,
1993, required another one of the eight parties potentially responsible to pay for all the response
costs for the soil cap.
Environmental Progress
All construction at the site is complete. The removal of PCB-contaminated sediments and soil,
and construction of a security fence and soil cap have reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials while long-term groundwater monitoring is conducted.
Site Repository
University of Wisconsin Center, Fox Valley Library, 1478 Midway Road, Menasha, WI 54952
February 1995
SCHMALZ DUMP
-------
SCRAP PROCES
CO., INC.
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID046536785
EPA REGION 5
Taylor County
Medford
Other Names:
Potaczek Scrap Yard
Site Description
The 2-acre Scrap Processing Co. site, located approximately 1 mile northwest of Medford,
currently operates as a salvage yard. From 1955 to 1974, and periodically until 1981, the
company cracked lead and acid batteries to reclaim the lead that was smelted on site. During the
battery crushing operation, the equivalent of 399,000 gallons of acid wastes contaminated with
heavy metals from the batteries ran from the crushing area, along an unlined ditch, and into an
unlined pond. The pond has intermittently overflowed into the Black River, located along one
side of the site, contaminating it with heavy metals and acid. Old cars, car parts, and other
materials commonly found hi scrap yards are present on the site. A company that manufactures
machine parts is located next to the scrap yard. The building that was used for battery cracking is
still standing and is located on the western end of the site. The site is bordered by a residential
area, a few older homes, and a mobile home park. Two of the older homes across the street from
the site use private wells. The residents in the subdivision to the east of the site and people in the
mobile home park use water from Medford municipal wells. Fishing is common along the river,
and several parks are located along the western side of the river, across from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
Soils and sediments are contaminated with heavy metals including lead, barium,
copper, and zinc. Elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were also found
in soil samples. Potential health threats to people include accidental ingestion of, and
coming in direct contact with, contaminated soil and sediments. The main contaminant
of concern at this site is lead, to which pregnant women and children are highly
sensitive. In early 1990, five nearby private wells were sampled and showed no
evidence of contamination.
February 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1984, the potentially responsible party drained the unlined pond
and disposed of the liquid in the municipal storm sewer. A total of 7,200 gallons of
water from the pond were transported to a manhole in the city park that is located on
the eastern side of the river. The first 6 inches of lead-contaminated soil and sediment were
excavated and hauled away for off-site disposal at a hazardous waste landfill. Remaining
contaminated soil was classified as solid waste and was disposed of at the Medford Municipal
Landfill. Excavation and removal of wastes were completed in 1986. Additional soil
contaminated with PCBs and lead was excavated and disposed of in an off-site landfill, ending
late in 1994.
Entire Site: The EPA began an investigation into the nature and extent of remaining
contamination at the site in 1992. The investigation will review the completed initial
actions, define the contaminants of concern, and determine if additional site cleanup is
required. This investigation is planned for completion in 1995.
Site Facts: In 1983, the State brought an enforcement action against Scrap Processing, the party
potentially responsible for the site contamination, which resulted in the company being ordered to
perform initial cleanup actions at the site.
Environmental Progress
Much of the contaminated materials, including soil and liquids, have been excavated and properly
disposed of away from the site, reducing the potential of exposure to hazardous materials.
Investigations to determine whether additional cleanup is required at the Scrap Processing Co.,
Inc. site are ongoing.
Site Repository
Medford Public Library, 104 E. Perkins Street, Medford, WI 54451
February 1995 2 SCRAP PROCESSING CO., INC.
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SHEBOYGAN
& RIVER
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980996367
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Sheboygan County
miles north of Milwaukee
The Sheboygan Harbor & River site extends approximately 14 miles through the communities of
Sheboygan Falls, Kohler, and Sheboygan. The site area includes Sheboygan Harbor, located on
Lake Michigan, and the lower Sheboygan River, which discharges into the Sheboygan Harbor. In
1977, the State detected polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) during routine sampling of fish. Since
then, PCBs have been detected in fish, wildlife, surface water, sediments in the harbor and river
and in flood plain soils. The highest concentrations of PCBs have been detected in sediments
immediately downstream from a die-casting plant in Sheboygan Falls. Concentrations decline
farther downstream from the plant. Heavy metals also have been found at elevated levels in
sediments. Tecumseh Products Company excavated contaminated soils from its property along the
river and disposed of them off site in 1978. The Sheboygan River drains into Lake Michigan, the
source of drinking water for approximately 58,000 people within the Sheboygan/Sheboygan
Falls/Kohler metropolitan area. The EPA has detected PCBs in sediments within a mile of the
drinking water intakes. Both the Sheboygan Harbor and River are used for recreation.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/18/85
Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
Sediments are contaminated with PCBs and a wide variety of heavy metals. Soils and
surface water are contaminated with PCBs and heavy metals including arsenic,
chromium, copper, lead, and zinc. People who come in direct contact with or ingest
contaminated soil, sediments, or surface water may be at risk. Because fish and
wildlife are contaminated with PCBs, people who eat contaminated fish or waterfowl
also may suffer adverse health effects. In 1978, the State advised residents not to eat
fish from the Sheboygan River and two tributaries, the Mullet and Onion Rivers,
because of PCB contamination. In 1987, the State also issued an advisory not to eat
wildlife from the area. The advisories are still in effect.
February 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: From 1989 to 1990, Tecumseh Products Co. dredged
contaminated sediments from the upper Sheboygan River. The company is using the
sediments to conduct an investigation to test and evaluate potential cleanup
technologies for PCB-contaminated sediments. A confined treatment facility was built on site and
is being used to study the effectiveness of an enhanced bio-treatment of PCBs in sediments.
Other investigations have evaluated methods for dredging, handling, and transporting fish,
sediments, and water. In 1991, Tecumseh Products Co. dredged additional contaminated
sediments from the Sheboygan River. These sediments were placed into a large tank built on site
and will remain in temporary storage until they can be disposed of properly.
Entire Site: Tecumseh Products Company, Inc. began an investigation in 1986 to
determine the nature and extent of site contamination. The investigation is assessing
the risks to human health and the environment and will result in the evaluation of
potential cleanup alternatives. The investigation has included sediment and water sampling of the
river and harbor, flood plain soil sampling, fish sampling, and caged fish studies. Currently,
potential cleanup alternatives are being evaluated. Investigations are scheduled for completion at
the end of 1995, at which time a cleanup approach for the site will be completed.
Site Facts: In 1986, the EPA and the State signed a Consent Order with Tecumseh Products,
requiring the company to conduct an investigation at the site. In 1990, the EPA and Tecumseh
products signed a Consent Order, under which Tecumseh agreed to remove PCB-contaminated
sediments.
Environmental Progress
Removal of PCB-contaminated sediments from the river has reduced the threat to the local
population, wildlife, and the environment while studies of cleanup alternatives are continued at
the Sheboygan Harbor & River site.
February 1995 2 SHEBOYGAN HARBOR & RIVER
-------
Site Repository
Mead Public Library, 710 Plaza Eight, Sheboygan, WI 53801
Sheboygan City Hall, 828 Center Avenue 2nd Floor, Sheboygan, WI 53801
Sheboygan County Water Quality Task Force, 631 New York Avenue, Sheboygan,
WI53801
SHEBOYGAN HARBOR & RIVER 3 February 1995
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SPICKLER LAND
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980902969
EPA REGION 5
Marathon County
Spencer
Site Description
The 80-acre Spickler Landfill site contains a 7V2-acre former landfill now used as a tree nursery.
The landfill began operations under private ownership in 1970, disposing of both municipal and
industrial wastes. The facility was sold to Mid-State Disposal, Inc., which operated the facility
from 1972 to 1973. In 1975, Mid-State Disposal sold the site back to the original owner, who
subsequently resold the property in 1976 to the present owner. The landfill received municipal
waste and asbestos dust at a time when the landfill had no liner or leachate controls. The area
subsequently was capped with native clay soils. In 1971, with State approval, approximately
1,280 cubic yards of mercury sludge were deposited at the site in a clay-lined pit. Later that
year, the pit was capped with clay soil. The landfill closed in 1976. A site inspection in 1984
led the EPA to observe that the pit had subsided, and water had ponded on top. Leachate was
seeping into a ditch adjacent to the site, threatening local surface water. Approximately 75
people live within a mile of the site, and an undetermined number of private wells are located
within 1A mile. The sandstone aquifer provides drinking water to private wells serving 2,000
people within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 01/22/87
Final Date: 07/21/87
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater in both the upper and lower portions of the aquifer is contaminated with
heavy metals including barium, as well as volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
including toluene. Potential health threats to people include drinking or coming in
direct contact with contaminated groundwater.
March 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1992, two parties potentially responsible for site contamination,
BASF and Weyerhauser, completed an investigation of the nature and extent of
contamination at the site, under EPA supervision. The selected cleanup remedy
includes construction of clay caps over the landfill and the mercury sludge pit, and installation of
leachate and gas collection systems. Construction of the clay caps and the leachate and gas
collection systems have been completed and the systems have been operational since late 1994.
Groundwater monitoring, scheduled to begin by the summer of 1995, will determine whether the
original remedy is sufficient to clean up the groundwater or if additional groundwater remedies
are necessary.
Site Facts: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination signed a Consent Order
with EPA and the State, under which the parties agreed to conduct a study of the site. In
September 1992, BASF and Weyerhauser entered into an Administrative Order on Consent
requiring them to design the cleanup remedy. A Unilateral Administrative Order was issued in
February 1994 requiring BASF, Weyerhauser, and Weinbrennar to construct the clay caps.
Environmental Progress
Constructing clay caps and installing leachate and gas collection systems have reduced the threat
at the Spickler Landfill while groundwater monitoring is being planned to determine if additional
cleanup activities are necessary.
Site Repository
Spencer Village Hall, 117 East Clark Street, Spencer, WI 54479
March 1995 2 SPICKLER LANDFILL
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STOUGHTON Cl
LANDFILL
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980901219
EPA REGION 5
Dane County
Stoughton
Other Names:
toughton Landfill #
Site Description
The 27-acre Stoughton City Landfill was purchased by the City of Stoughton in 1952 for landfill
operations. Between 1952 and 1969, the site was operated as an uncontrolled dump. In 1969, the
site began operating as a State-licensed landfill. The landfill originally was established for the
disposal of commercial and municipal wastes. Local residents also used the landfill for household
waste disposal. Uniroyal, Inc., a plastics and rubber products manufacturer, disposed of wastes at
the site from 1953 to 1962. The wastes primarily consisted of solvents, other liquid chemicals,
and vinyl plastic scrap. During this time, open burning of the liquid wastes was common, and
soil was used to cover up the smoldering residue. Liquid wastes were also reported to have been
disposed of in boreholes along the western portion of the landfill. A 1972 Wisconsin Department
of Natural Resources (WDNR) license prohibited the disposal of hazardous waste at the site. In
1978, the site was capped, seeded, and closed according to WDNR regulations. As part of the
closure plans, six wells were installed to monitor ground water conditions at and near the site.
The landfill officially was closed in 1982, and plans were developed by Stoughton to establish a
park on top of the revegetated site. The WDNR sampled the monitoring wells in 1983 and found
that two of the six wells contained elevated levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Routine sampling conducted by the City of Stoughton also indicated the presence of VOCs in
water collected from the monitoring wells. Approximately 10,000 people live within a 3-mile
radius of the site. The site is adjacent to the Yahara River, and wetlands border the site on three
sides.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
February 1995
-------
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with various VOCs and inorganic compounds
including arsenic and could be hazardous to the health of individuals if it is ingested
over a long period of time. The municipal wells in the City of Stoughton have a
potential of being contaminated by the hazardous materials at the site; however,
because of their depth and location, the risk is low. Sediments contain elevated levels
of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalates, cadmium, and lead. The site
is adjacent to surface water and wetlands; zinc in water samples from the wetlands
exceeds toxic levels.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on source control and
groundwater treatment.
Response Action Status
Source Control and Groundwater Treatment: In 1991, the parties potentially
responsible for the contamination completed an investigation to determine the nature
and extent of the contamination and to identify cleanup alternatives in 1991. The
purpose of the investigation was to: identify the amounts and types of contaminants present;
define the process through which contaminants may be released into the environment; define the
direction in which contaminants may travel; define the boundaries of the contamination; and
determine the routes of exposure and potential environmental and public health threats. The final
cleanup remedy calls for the consolidation of waste exposed to groundwater; the placement of a
multi-layer cap over the landfill; the installation of a fence around the site; restrictions on the use
and placement of wells; groundwater monitoring; and the extraction and treatment of
contaminated groundwater. Design activities for the remedies began in the fall of 1992.
Construction is expected to begin in early 1996.
Site Facts: Uniroyal, Inc. and the City of Stoughton signed a Consent Order in 1988 for the
company to conduct further investigations of the site groundwater and surface water, under EPA
and WDNR oversight. Uniroyal, Inc. has since declared bankruptcy and the City of Stoughton
maintains that it is financially unable to conduct the cleanup. The design is being funded by the
EPA.
February 1995 2 STOUGHTON CITY LANDFILL
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Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Stoughton City Landfill site while final cleanup
activities are being planned. Monitoring of methane gas in structures and residences nearby the
site has shown that methane is not a cause for concern.
Site Repository
Stoughton Public Library, 304 South Fourth Street, Stoughton, WI 53589
Stoughton City Hall, 381 E. Main Street, Stoughton, WI 53589
Stoughton Utilities Office, 211 Water Street, Stoughton, WI 53589
STOUGHTON CITY LANDFILL
February 1995
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TOMAH ARMO
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980610299
PA REGION 5
Monroe County
Tomah
Site Description
The 10-acre Tomah Armory site was operated by the City of Tomah as an open, unlined dump
accepting both municipal and industrial wastes from the early 1950s to 1955. During part of this
period, the City had a similar operation 2 miles to the south, which is known as the Tomah
Fairgrounds, also an NPL site. Both Tomah sites accepted primarily municipal refuse. However,
Union Camp Corporation notified the EPA that its polyethylene plant in Tomah had sent to the
two sites 23,770 gallons of solvents and heavy metals, including lead and chromium components.
The City sold part of the land to the Wisconsin National Guard for construction of an Armory.
Homes were built on the rest of the land. According to the City's Director of Public Works, a
portion of the dump was excavated and filled with sand before the buildings were constructed.
Approximately 9,500 people draw drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of
the site. The nearest well is 1 mile from the site. The Lemonweir River is approximately 500 feet
away from the site. This river and Lake Tomah are used for recreation.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 01/22/87
Final Date: 07/21/87
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, soil, and surface water are contaminated with volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals including chromium and lead. The contaminated
groundwater, soil, and surface water could pose a health hazard to individuals if
accidentally directly contacted or ingested. The contamination at the site could affect
the wetland adjacent to the site. Nearby Deer Creek also could be polluted by the
contamination from the site, and the trout living in the stream could bioaccumulate the
toxic substances present in the site.
February 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: An investigation of the site began in 1993 to determine the nature and
extent of the contamination and to evaluate alternative remedies for site cleanup. Once
the investigation is completed, slated for early 1996, a final cleanup remedy will be
selected.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Tomah Armory site while investigations are being
conducted.
Site Repository
Tomah Public Library, 716 Superior Avenue, Tomah, WI 54660
February 1995
TOMAH ARMORY
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TOMAH
FAIRGROUN
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980616841
EPA REGION 5
Monroe County
Tomah
Site Description
From 1953 to 1959, the 10-acre Tomah Fairgrounds site was operated by the City as an open,
unlined dump, accepting both industrial and municipal wastes. During this period, the City had a
similar operation 2 miles away, where the Tomah Armory now is located; that site also is listed
on the NPL. Both Tomah sites accepted primarily municipal refuse. However, Union Camp
Corporation notified the EPA that its polyethylene plant in Tomah had sent 23,770 gallons of
solvents and heavy metals, including lead and chromium components, to the two sites. After the
dump stopped operating, the City covered the area, which then became part of the Tomah
Fairgrounds. Approximately 9,500 people draw drinking water from the public and private wells
within 3 miles of the site. The closest residence is within 1/4 mile of the site, and approximately
4,100 people live within a 1-mile radius. The site is used as a fairgrounds; therefore, access is
unrestricted. The nearest downslope water, Lake Tomah, is approximately 400 feet away from
the site and is used for recreational purposes. Because the wastes were inadequately covered and
there were no diversion structures, contaminated runoff could have reached nearby surface
waters. A third site, the Tomah Municipal Sanitary Landfill, was listed on the NPL in March
1989.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 01/22/87
Final Date: 07/21/87
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, soil, and surface water are contaminated with volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals including chromium and lead. The contaminated
groundwater, soil, and surface water could be a health hazard to individuals if
accidentally directly contacted or swallowed. In an inspection conducted in 1984, the
EPA observed areas where erosion had worn away some of the soil; thus, people and
animals potentially could come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
February 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: As a pre-investigation activity, the State sampled private wells in the
area for VOC contamination. In 1993, an investigation began to determine the nature
and extent of contamination at the site. The results of the investigation will be used to
evaluate various cleanup alternatives and to select final cleanup remedies.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Tomah Fairgrounds site while investigations are
being conducted.
Site Repository
Tomah Public Library, 716 Superior Avenue, Tomah, WI
February 1995
TOMAH FAIRGROUNDS
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TOMAH MUN
SANITARY
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980610307
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Monroe County
Tomah
The 40-acre Tomah Municipal Sanitary Landfill site was owned and operated by the City of
Tomah from 1959 to 1979 and was licensed by the State to accept municipal wastes. In 1979, the
site was covered with sand and planted with red pines. The landfill is unlined. One local facility,
the Union Camp Corporation, notified the EPA that it had sent to the landfill approximately
1,514 drums of wastes containing barium, chromium, lead, spent solvents, ethyl acetate, and
trichloroethylene (TCE). In 1984, the EPA inspected the site and sampled the groundwater and
sediments in Deer Creek, which runs through the property 250 feet to the north of the filled area.
On-site groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
The City of Tomah has a population of approximately 7,300 people. Municipal wells serving
Tomah are located within a 3-mile radius of the site. Approximately 2,000 people live within a 1-
mile radius of the site and use private wells for drinking water supplies. In 1993, the City of
Tomah hooked up a subdivision adjacent to the site to municipal water. Two private wells on the
southern side of the landfill have been found to be contaminated. Deer Creek is used by local
residents as a trout stream. A freshwater wetland is located within 1,000 feet of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/10/86
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs and heavy metals including cadmium,
chromium, and lead. The contaminated groundwater could pose a health threat to
individuals if it is directly contacted or ingested. Also, contamination could enter the
food chain through the fish in Deer Creek, which may be polluted.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: New wells were installed to replace two wells where contamination
was found.
Entire Site: As a pre-investigation activity, the State plans to sample private wells in
the area for VOC contamination. An investigation begun in 1994 will determine the
nature and extent of the contamination. The results of the investigation will be used to
evaluate various cleanup alternatives and to select a final cleanup method.
Environmental Progress
Replacement of two contaminated wells has reduced the threat of exposure to contaminants at the
Tomah Municipal Sanitary Landfill site while investigations leading to a final cleanup remedy are
being conducted.
Site Repository
Tomah Public Library, 716 Superior Avenue, Tomah, WI
February 1995
TOMAH MUNICIPAL SANITARY LANDFILL
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WASTE MANAGEMENT
OF WISCONSIN,
(BROOKFIELD
SANITARY LAI
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980901235
Site Description
REGION 5
Waukesha County
Brookfield
Waste Management of Wisconsin operated a 20-acre sanitary landfill at this site from 1969 to
1981. Prior to 1969, the site had been a sand and gravel pit. In 1976, Waste Management
received a permit from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) to accept
municipal waste. According to EPA tests in 1985, the ground water is contaminated with cyanide.
Approximately 11,000 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles
of the site; the nearest well is within 1,000 feet of the site. Poplar Creek, located 3,600 feet
southwest of the site, is used for recreational activities. A freshwater wetland is located 1,800
feet from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
The ground water is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
including vinyl chloride, and cyanide from site landfilling operations. Potential health
risks include coming in direct contact with or accidentally ingesting contaminated
ground water. The wetland also may be threatened.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
February 1995
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Response Action Status
Entire Site: An investigation into the nature and extent of contamination is being
planned by the State. This investigation will be the basis for evaluating alternative
cleanup remedies.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Waste Management of Wisconsin site at
Brookfield while studies and cleanup activities are being planned.
February 1995
WASTE MANAGEMENT OF WISCONSIN, INC.
(BROOKFIELD SANITARY LANDFILL)
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WASTE RESEAR
RECLAMATION
COMPANY
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID990829475
EPA REGION 5
Eau Claire County
Eau Claire
Site Description
The 9-acre Waste Research & Reclamation (WRR) site was occupied by a roofing company from
the 1970s to 1981. WRR has occupied the site since 1981. WRR is primarily a reclamation and
recycling business for hazardous liquid wastes, fuel blending, and transportation of hazardous
waste for incineration or disposal. Waste materials handled include chlorinated and fluorinated
solvents and flammables. Approximately 160 people live within a 1-mile radius of the site. The
site is 1/2 mile east of Lowes Creek, a tributary of the Chippewa River. The closest residence is
1/4 mile from the site. A private well is located 1,500 feet from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Deleted Date: 02/05/93
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, soil, and surface water are contaminated with various volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) from site waste handling procedures. People who
accidentally ingest or come in direct contact with contaminated materials may be at
risk.
Cleanup Approach
This site was being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
February 1995
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Response Action Status
Entire Site: The site was divided into six solid waste management units for
investigation and cleanup purposes: drum storage sheds; trailer parking, product
warehouse, and abandoned drum storage area; pole barn cooling water discharge area
and abandoned drum storage area; abandoned lagoon, existing holding tank, and existing
collection sump for surface water runoff; a reclamation area, known as the LUWA area, located
in the central and western portions of the site; and a reclamation area, known as the KONTRO
area, located in the south-central portions of the site. The parties potentially responsible for site
contamination conducted an investigation into the nature and extent of groundwater, surface
water, and soil contamination at the site. The investigation determined that the site should be
moved from the Superfund program to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
program, and deleted from the National Priorities' List (NPL).
Site Facts: In 1983, the State signed a Consent Order with the potentially responsible parties to
implement a long-term monitoring program.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Waste Research & Reclamation Company site
while studies were taking place. These investigations determined that the site should be managed
under the authority of RCRA and the site was therefore deleted from the NPL.
February 1995 2 WASTE RESEARCH & RECLAMATION COMPANY
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WAUSAU
GROUNDWATE
CONTAMINAT
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID980993521
EPA REGION 5
Marathon County
Wausau
Other Names:
Wausau Water Supply
Site Description
The City of Wausau provides drinking water for approximately 33,000 people from groundwater
wells located on both sides of the Wisconsin River. In 1982, three of the wells were found to be
contaminated with high levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In 1984, an interim carbon
filter system was installed on one of the affected wells until two air strippers could be
constructed. The air strippers, installed at the municipal water facility in 1984, replaced the
carbon filters as a long-term solution for providing acceptable drinking water to city residents.
Approximately 32,000 people live within a 3-mile radius of the site. The Wisconsin River, which
bisects the area, is used for commercial and recreational purposes.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 04/10/85
Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and soil are contaminated with various VOCs. Potential health risks
include accidentally ingesting or coming in direct contact with contaminated
groundwater or soil.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1984, the EPA installed temporary carbon filters to remove
VOCs from the contaminated groundwater in one well. Air strippers subsequently
were installed on two municipal wells.
West Side Contaminant Plume: In 1988, the EPA selected the following cleanup
actions for this phase of the cleanup: groundwater pumping and treatment using air
stripping, with discharge to the Wisconsin River; groundwater monitoring; and
provision for implementation of an additional extraction well, as necessary. The treatment system
has been operational since 1990.
Other Contamination Plumes: In 1989, the EPA selected the following remedies
for two plumes: installation of soil vapor extraction systems to remove VOCs from
soils at identified source areas; treatment of gases produced by the soil vapor
extraction operation, using vapor phase carbon units that will be regenerated at an off-site
facility; and pumping of the municipal supply wells to speed removal of the groundwater
contaminant plumes affecting these wells. The design of the remedies was conducted by the
potentially responsible parties. The soil vapor extraction systems have been installed and are
operating.
Site Facts: A Consent Decree was signed in 1990 with the parties potentially responsible for
site contamination to finance a portion of past cleanup costs. The Consent Decree names the
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources as EPA's oversight contractor at the site.
Environmental Progress
All construction at the site is complete. The installation of a permanent groundwater treatment
system for the drinking water supply affected by the westside contamination plume has reduced
the potential of exposure to hazardous substances in the drinking water and will continue to
protect residents near the Wausau Groundwater Contamination site.
Site Repository
Marathon County Public Library, 400 First Street, Wausau, WI 54401
February 1995
WAUSAU GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION
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WHEELER PIT
WISCONSIN
EPA ID# WID98061062&
EPA REGION 5
Rock County
J 112 miles east of Janesville
Site Description
The 3 3/4-acre Wheeler Pit site, a former disposal area, lies within a 35-acre abandoned gravel
pit. Wheeler Pit originally was mined for sand and gravel by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul,
and Pacific Railroad Company. In 1956, General Motors Corporation (CMC) leased a 4-acre
portion of the pit from the railroad for waste disposal. From 1960 to 1974, GMC used Wheeler
Pit to dispose of paint and wastewater sludges from its Janesville auto assembly plant, as well as
coal ashes from power plant boilers. The sludge and ash were contained by a dike at the pit. In
1971, a liquid was found seeping onto the ground from the GMC disposal area. Disposal at
Wheeler Pit ended in 1974, and the site was covered at the request of La Prairie Township. From
1974 to 1988, the site was monitored intermittently for groundwater contamination. Elevated
levels of the volatile organic compound (VOC) trichloroethylene (TCE), chromium, zinc, arsenic
and barium were found in site groundwater samples collected in 1981 by GMC and the
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR). Approximately 51,000 people live within
3 miles of the site. The Rock River is approximately 2 miles west of the site. The City of
Janesville operates five groundwater wells within 3 miles of the site. Three of the wells supply
virtually all of the Janesville water supply. Five private wells are located within 1/4 mile of the
site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater resources underlying the site were found to be contaminated with heavy
metals including iron, manganese, chromium, and arsenic, as well as low levels of
VOCs. Soils and surface wastes contain heavy metals such as cadmium and lead and
semi-volatile organics. Potential health risks include accidental ingestion of or direct
contact with contaminated groundwater, soils, or surface water.
February 1995
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Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Entire Site: A field investigation of the site was completed to determine the nature
and extent of contamination. Monitoring wells were installed and test pits were
excavated. A remedy was chosen in late 1990, which entailed the construction of a
multi-layer cap, the installation of a fence around the site to restrict access, the consolidation of
waste and soil from a neighboring property into the original disposal area, long-term groundwater
monitoring, institutional controls of groundwater and land use on the site, and natural attenuation
of the contaminated groundwater. Future active responses to restore groundwater quality may be
necessary if cleanup standards are not achieved within a reasonable period of time. The design of
the landfill cap and groundwater monitoring system began in 1991. Construction was completed
in late 1992 and the operation and maintenance phase began in early 1993.
Environmental Progress
Construction of the landfill cap and groundwater monitoring system are complete. This action
has reduced the threat posed by contamination at the Wheeler Pit site while long-term monitoring
continues.
Site Repository
Janesville Public Library, 316 South Main Street, Janesville, WI 53545
February 1995 2
• U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: J 995-405-700/22032
WHEELER PIT
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