&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection1''" ' "*"
Agency
Solid Waste And
Eml?f|8fl
(OS-240)
EPA/540/8-91/046
September 1991
PB92-963208
National
Priorities
List Sites:
NEW YORK
1991
Printed on Recycled Paper
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Publication #9200.5-732A
September 1991
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST SITES:
New York
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 5, Library (PL-12J)
77 West Jackson Boulevs'd, 12ih floor
Chicago, IL 60604-3590
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Emergency & Remedial Response
Office of Program Management
Washington, DC 20460
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If you wish to purchase copies of any additional State volumes contact:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
(703) 487-4650
The National Overview volume, Superfund: Focusing on the Nation at Large (1991),
may be ordered as PB92-963253.
The complete set of the overview documents, plus the 49 state reports may be ordered
as PB92-963253.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction:
A Brief Overview 1
Super fund:
How Does the Program Work to Clean Up Sites? 5
The Volume:
How to Use the State Book 13
NPL Sites:
In the State of New York 17
The NPL Report:
Progress to Date 19
The NPL Fact Sheets:
Summary of Site Activities 25
Appendix A: Glossary:
Terms Used in the Fact Sheets 199
Appendix B: Repositories of
Site Information 215
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INTRODUCTION
WHY THE SUPERFUND
PROGRAM?
As the 1970s came to a close, a series of
headline stories gave Americans a
look at the dangers of dumping indus-
trial and urban wastes on the land. First there
was New York's Love Canal. Hazardous
waste buried there over a 25-year period
contaminated streams and soil, and endangered
the health of nearby residents. The result:
evacuation of several hundred people. Then
the leaking barrels at the Valley of the Drums
in Kentucky attracted public attention, as did
the dioxin-tainted land and water in Times
Beach, Missouri.
In all these cases, human health and the envi-
ronment were threatened, lives were disrupted,
and property values were reduced. It became
increasingly clear that there were large num-
bers of serious hazardous waste problems that
were falling through the cracks of existing
environmental laws. The magnitude of these
emerging problems moved Congress to enact
the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act in 1980.
CERCLA commonly known as Superfund
was the first Federal law established to deal
with the dangers posed by the Nation's hazard-
ous waste sites.
After Discovery, the Problem
Intensified
Few realized the size of the problem until the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
began the process of site discovery and site
evaluation. Not hundreds, but thousands of
potential hazardous waste sites existed, and
they presented the Nation with some of the
most complex pollution problems it had ever
faced.
Since the Superfund program began, hazard-
A
Brief
Overview
ous waste has surfaced as a major environ-
mental concern in every part of the United
States. It wasn't just the land that was con-
taminated by past disposal practices. Chemi-
cals in the soil were spreading into the ground-
water (a source of drinking water for many)
and into streams, lakes, bays, and wetlands.
Toxic vapors contaminated the air at some
sites, while improperly disposed or stored
wastes threatened the health of the surrounding
community and the environment at others.
The EPA Identified More than 1,200
Serious Sites
The EPA has identified 1,245 hazardous waste
sites as the most serious in the Nation. These
sites comprise the National Priorities List; sites
targeted for cleanup under Super-fund. But
site discoveries continue, and the EPA esti-
mates that, while some will be deleted after
lengthy cleanups, this list, commonly called
the NPL, will continue to grow by approxi-
mately 50 to 100 sites per year, potentially
reaching 2,100 sites by the year 2000.
THE NATIONAL CLEANUP
EFFORT IS MUCH MORE THAN
THE NPL
From the beginning of the program, Congress
recognized that the Federal government could
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INTRODUCTION
not and should not address all environmental
problems stemming from past disposal prac-
tices. Therefore, the EPA was directed to set
priorities and establish a list of sites to target.
Sites on the NPL (1,245) thus are a relatively
small subset of a larger inventory of potential
hazardous waste sites, but they do comprise
the most complex and compelling cases. The
EPA has logged more than 35,000 sites on its
national inventory of potentially hazardous
waste sites and assesses each site within one
year of being logged.
THE EPA IS MAKING PROGRESS
ON SITE CLEANUP
The goal of the Superfund program is to tackle
immediate dangers first and then move through
the progressive steps necessary to eliminate
any long-term risks to public health and the
environment.
Superfund responds immediately to sites
posing imminent threats to human health and
the environment at both NPL sites and sites not
on the NPL. The purpose is to stabilize,
prevent, or temper the effects of a release of
hazardous substances, or the threat of one, into
the environment. These might include tire
fires or transportation accidents involving the
spill of hazardous chemicals. Because they
reduce the threat a site poses to human health
and the environment, immediate cleanup
actions are an integral part of the Superfund
program.
Immediate response to imminent threats is one
of Superfund's most noted achievements.
Where imminent threats to the public or
environment were evident, the EPA has initi-
ated or completed emergency actions that
attacked the most serious threats of toxic
exposure in more than 2,700 cases.
The ultimate goal for a hazardous waste site on
the NPL is a permanent solution to an environ-
mental problem that presents a serious threat
to the public or the environment. This often
requires a long-term effort. The EPA has
aggressively accelerated its efforts to perform
these long-term cleanups of NPL sites. More
cleanups were started in 1987, when the
Superfund law was amended, than in any
previous year. By 1991, construction had
started at more than four times as many sites as
in 1986! Of the sites currently on the NPL,
more than 500 nearly half have had
construction cleanup activity. In addition,
more than 400 more sites presently are in the
investigation stage to determine the extent of
site contamination and to identify appropriate
cleanup remedies. Many other sites with
cleanup remedies selected are poised for the
start of cleanup construction activity. In
measuring success by "progress through the
cleanup pipeline," the EPA clearly is gaining
momentum.
THE EPA MAKES SURE
CLEANUP WORKS
The EPA has gained enough experience in
cleanup construction to understand that envi-
ronmental protection does not end when the
remedy is in place. Many complex technolo-
gies like those designed to clean up ground-
water must operate for many years in order
to accomplish their objectives.
The EPA's hazardous waste site managers are
committed to proper operation and mainte-
nance of every remedy constructed. No matter
who has been delegated responsibility for
monitoring the cleanup work, the EPA will
assure that the remedy is carefully followed
and that it continues to do its job.
Likewise, the EPA does not abandon a site
even after the cleanup work is done. Every
five years, the Agency reviews each site where
residues from hazardous waste cleanup still
remain to ensure that public and environmental
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INTRODUCTION
health are being safeguarded. The EPA will
correct any deficiencies discovered and will
report to the public annually on all five-year
reviews conducted that year.
CITIZENS HELP SHAPE
DECISIONS
Superfund activities also depend upon local
citizen participation. The EPA's job is to
analyze the hazards and to deploy the experts,
but the Agency needs citizen input as it makes
choices for affected communities.
Because the people in a community where a
Superfund site is located will be those most
directly affected by hazardous waste problems
and cleanup processes, the EPA encourages
citizens to get involved in cleanup decisions.
Public involvement and comment does influ-
ence EPA cleanup plans by providing valuable
information about site conditions, community
concerns, and preferences.
The State and U.S. Territories volumes and the
companion National overview volume provide
general Superfund background information
and descriptions of activities at each NPL site.
These volumes clearly describe what the
problems are, what the EPA and others partici-
pating in site cleanups are doing, and how we,
as a Nation, can move ahead in solving these
serious problems.
USING THE STATE AND
NATIONAL VOLUMES TOGETHER
To understand the big picture on hazardous
waste cleanup, citizens need to hear about both
environmental progress across the country and
the cleanup accomplishments closer to home.
Citizens also should understand the challenges
involved in hazardous waste cleanup and the
decisions we must make, as a Nation, in
finding the best solutions.
The National overview, Superfund: Focusing
on the Nation at Large (1991), contains impor-
tant information to help you understand the
magnitude and challenges facing the
Superfund program, as well as an overview of
the National cleanup effort. The sections
describe the nature of the hazardous waste
problem nationwide, threats and contaminants
at NPL sites and their potential effects on
human health and the environment, vital roles
of the various participants in the cleanup
process, the Superfund program's successes in
cleaning up the Nation's serious hazardous
waste sites, and the current status of the NPL.
If you did not receive this overview volume,
ordering information is provided in the front of
this book.
This volume compiles site summary fact sheets
on each State or Territorial site being cleaned
up under the Superfund program. These sites
represent the most serious hazardous waste
problems in the Nation and require the most
complicated and costly site solutions yet
encountered. Each book gives a "snapshot" of
the conditions and cleanup progress that has
been made at each NPL site. Information
presented for each site is current as of April
1991. Conditions change as our cleanup
efforts continue, so these site summaries will
be updated annually to include information on
new progress being made.
To help you understand the cleanup accom-
plishments made at these sites, this volume
includes a description of the process for site
discovery, threat evaluation, and long-term
cleanup of Superfund sites. This description,
How Does the Program Work to Clean Up
Sites?, will serve as a reference point from
which to review the cleanup status at specific
sites. A glossary defining key terms as they
apply to hazardous waste management and site
cleanup is included as Appendix A in the back
of this book.
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SUPERFUND
The diverse problems posed by hazard-
ous waste sites have provided the EPA
with the challenge to establish a consis-
tent approach for evaluating and cleaning up
the Nation's most serious sites. To do this, the
EPA has had to step beyond its traditional role
as a regulatory agency to develop processes
and guidelines for each step in these techni-
cally complex site cleanups. The EPA has
established procedures to coordinate the
efforts of its Washington, D.C. Headquarters
program offices and its front-line staff in ten
Regional Offices, with the State and local
governments, contractors, and private parties
who are participating in site cleanup. An
important part of the process is that any time
How Does the
Program Work
to Clean Up
Sites?
THREE-STEP SUPERFUND PROCESS
STEP1
Discover site and
determine whether
an emergency
exists *
STEP 2
Evaluate whether a
site is a serious threat
to public health or
environment
STEPS
Perform long-term
cleanup actions on
the most serious
hazardous waste
sites in the Nation
1 Emergency actions are performed whenever needed in this three-step process.
during cleanup, work can be led by the EPA
or the State or, under their monitoring, by
private parties who are potentially responsible
for site contamination.
The process for discovery of the site, evalu-
ation of threat, and the long-term cleanup of
Superfund sites is summarized in the follow-
ing pages. The phases of each of these steps
are highlighted within the description. The
flow diagram above provides a summary of the
three-step process.
Although this book provides a current "snap-
shot" of site progress made only by emergency
actions and long-term cleanup actions at
Superfund sites, it is important to understand
the discovery and evaluation process that leads
to identifying and cleaning up these most
serious uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous
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SUPERFUND
waste sites in the Nation. The discovery and
evaluation process is the starting point for this
summary description of Superfund involve-
ment at hazardous waste sites.
STEP 1: SITE DISCOVERY AND
EMERGENCY EVALUATION
How does the EPA learn about
potential hazardous waste sites?
Site discovery occurs in a number of ways.
Information comes from concerned citizens.
People may notice an odd taste or foul odor in
their drinking water or see half-buried leaking
barrels; a hunter may come across a field
where waste was dumped illegally. There may
be an explosion or fire, which alerts the State
or local authorities to a problem. Routine
investigations by State and local governments
and required reporting and inspection of
facilities that generate, treat, store, or dispose
of hazardous waste also help keep the EPA
informed about actual or potential threats of
hazardous substance releases. All reported
sites or spills are recorded in the Superfund
inventory (CERCLIS) for further investigation
to determine whether they will require cleanup.
What happens if there is an imminent
danger?
As soon as a potential hazardous waste site is
reported, the EPA determines whether there is
an emergency requiring an immediate cleanup
action. If there is, they act as quickly as
possible to remove or stabilize the imminent
threat. These short-term emergency actions
range from building a fence around the con-
taminated area to keep people away, or tempo-
rarily relocating residents until the danger is
addressed, to providing bottled water to resi-
dents while their local drinking water supply is
being cleaned up or physically removing
wastes for safe disposal.
However, emergency actions can happen at
any time an imminent threat or emergency
warrants them. For example, if leaking barrels
are found when cleanup crews start digging in
the ground or if samples of contaminated soils
or air show that there may be a threat of fire or
explosion, an immediate action is taken.
STEP 2: SITE THREAT EVALUATION
If there isn't an imminent danger, how
does the EPA determine what, if any,
cleanup actions should be taken?
Even after any imminent dangers are taken
care of, in most cases, contamination may
remain at the site. For example, residents may
have been supplied with bottled water to take
care of their immediate problem of contami-
nated well water, but now it's time to deter-
mine what is contaminating the drinking water
supply and the best way to clean it up. The
EPA may determine that there is no imminent
danger from a site, so any long-term threats
need to be evaluated. In either case, a more
comprehensive investigation is needed to
determine if a site poses a serious, but not
imminent, danger and whether it requires a
long-term cleanup action.
Once a site is discovered and any needed
emergency actions are taken, the EPA or the
State collects all available background infor-
mation not only from their own files, but also
from local records and U.S. Geological Survey
maps. This information is used to identify the
site and to perform a preliminary assessment of
its potential hazards. This is a quick review of
readily available information to answer the
questions:
Are hazardous substances likely to be
present?
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SUPERFUND
How are they contained?
How might contaminants spread?
How close is the nearest well, home, or
natural resource area such as a wetland
or animal sanctuary?
What may be harmed the land,
water, air, people, plants, or animals?
Some sites do not require further action be-
cause the preliminary assessment shows that
they do not threaten public health or the envi-
ronment. But even in these cases, the sites
remain listed in the Superfund inventory for
record-keeping purposes and future reference.
Currently, there are more than 35,000 sites
maintained in this inventory.
If the preliminary assessment
shows a serious threat may exist,
what's the next step?
Inspectors go to the site to collect additional
information to evaluate its hazard potential.
During this site inspection, they look for
evidence of hazardous waste, such as leaking
drums and dead or discolored vegetation.
They may take some samples of soil, well
water, river water, and air. Inspectors analyze
the ways hazardous materials could be pollut-
ing the environment, such as runoff into
nearby streams. They also check to see if
people (especially children) have access to
the site.
How does the EPA use the results of
the site inspection?
Information collected during the site inspection
is used to identify the sites posing the most
serious threats to human health and the envi-
ronment. This way, the EPA can meet the
requirement that Congress gave them to use
Superfund monies only on the worst hazardous
waste sites in the Nation.
To identify the most serious sites, the EPA
developed the Hazard Ranking System (HRS).
The HRS is the scoring system the EPA uses to
assess the relative threat from a release or a
potential release of hazardous substances from
a site to surrounding groundwater, surface
water, air, and soil. A site score is based on
the likelihood that a hazardous substance will
be released from the site, the toxicity and
amount of hazardous substances at the site, and
the people and sensitive environments poten-
tially affected by contamination at the site.
Only sites with high enough health and envi-
ronmental risk scores are proposed to be added
to the NPL. That's why 1,245 sites are on the
NPL, but there are more than 35,000 sites in
the Superfund inventory. Only NPL sites can
have a long-term cleanup paid for from
Superfund, the national hazardous waste trust
fund. Superfund can, and does, pay for emer-
gency actions performed at any site, whether
or not it's on the NPL.
Why are sites proposed to the NPL?
Sites proposed to the NPL have been evaluated
through the scoring process as the most serious
problems among uncontrolled or abandoned
hazardous waste sites in the U.S. In addition, a
site will be proposed to the NPL if the Agency
for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
issues a health advisory recommending that
people be moved away from the site. The NPL
is updated at least once a year, and it's only
after public comments are considered that
these proposed worst sites officially are added
to the list.
Listing on the NPL does not set the order in
which sites will be cleaned up. The order is
influenced by the relative priority of the site's
health and environmental threats compared to
other sites, and such factors as State priorities,
engineering capabilities, and available tech-
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SUPERFUND
nologies. Many States also have their own list
of sites that require cleanup; these often contain
sites that are not on the NPL and are scheduled
to be cleaned up with State money. And, it
should be noted again that any emergency
action needed at a site can be performed by the
Superfund, whether or not a site is on the NPL.
A detailed description of the current progress in
cleaning up NPL sites is found in the section of
the 1991 National overview volume entitled
Cleanup Successes: Measuring Progress.
How do people find out whether the
EPA considers a site a national
priority for cleanup under the
Superfund Program?
All NPL sites, where Superfund is responsible
for cleanup, are described in the State and
Territorial volumes. The public also can find
out whether other sites, not on the NPL, are
being addressed by the Superfund program by
calling their Regional EPA office or the Super-
fund Hotline at the numbers listed in this book.
STEP 3: LONG-TERM CLEANUP
ACTIONS
After a site is added to the NPL, what
are the steps to cleanup?
The ultimate goal for a hazardous waste site on
the NPL is a permanent, long-term cleanup.
Since every site presents a unique set of chal-
lenges, there is no single all-purpose solution.
A five-phase "remedial response" process is
used to develop consistent and workable
solutions to hazardous waste problems across
the Nation:
1. Remedial Investigation: investigate in
detail the extent of the site contamination
2. Feasibility Study: study the range of
possible cleanup remedies
3. Record of Decision or ROD: decide
which remedy to use
4. Remedial Design: plan the remedy
5. Remedial Action: carry out the remedy
This remedial response process is a long-term
effort to provide a permanent solution to an
environmental problem that presents a serious
threat to the public or environment.
The first two phases of a long-term cleanup are
a combined remedial investigation and feasibil-
ity study (RI/FS) that determine the nature and
extent of contamination at the site and identify
and evaluate cleanup alternatives. These
studies may be conducted by the EPA or the
State or, under their monitoring, by private
parties.
Like the initial site inspection described earlier,
a remedial investigation involves an examina-
tion of site data in order to better define the
problem. However, the remedial investigation
is much more detailed and comprehensive than
the initial site inspection.
A remedial investigation can best be described
as a carefully designed field study. It includes
extensive sampling and laboratory analyses to
generate more precise data on the types and
quantities of wastes present at the site, the type
of soil and water drainage patterns, and specific
human health and environmental risks.
The result of the remedial investigation is
information that allows the EPA to select the
cleanup strategy that is best suited to a particu-
lar site or to determine that no cleanup is
needed.
Placing a site on the NPL does not necessarily
mean that cleanup is needed. It is possible for
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SUPERFUND
a site to receive an HRS score high enough to
be added to the NPL, but not ultimately require
cleanup actions. Keep in mind that the purpose
of the scoring process is to provide a prelimi-
nary and conservative assessment of potential
risk. During subsequent site investigations, the
EPA may find either that there is no real threat
or that the site does not pose significant human
health or environmental risks.
How are cleanup alternatives
identified and evaluated?
The EPA or the State or, under their monitor-
ing, private parties identify and analyze spe-
cific site cleanup needs based on the extensive
information collected during the remedial
investigation. This analysis of cleanup alterna-
tives is called a feasibility study.
Since cleanup actions must be tailored exactly
to the needs of each individual site, more than
one possible cleanup alternative is always
considered. After making sure that all potential
cleanup remedies fully protect human health
and the environment and comply with Federal
and State laws, the advantages and disadvan-
tages of each cleanup alternative are compared
carefully. These comparisons are made to
determine their effectiveness in the short and
long term, their use of permanent treatment
solutions, and their technical feasibility and
cost.
To the maximum extent practicable, the rem-
edy must be a permanent solution and must use
treatment technologies to destroy principal site
contaminants. Remedies such as containing the
waste on site or removing the source of the
problem (like leaking barrels) often are consid-
ered effective. Often, special pilot studies are
conducted to determine the effectiveness and
feasibility of using a particular technology to
clean up a site. Therefore, the combined
remedial investigation and feasibility study can
take between 10 and 30 months to complete,
depending on the size and complexity of the
problem.
Does the public have a say in the
final cleanup decision?
Yes. The Superfund law requires that the
public be given the opportunity to comment on
the proposed cleanup plan. Their concerns are
considered carefully before a final decision is
made.
The results of the remedial investigation and
feasibility study, which also point out the
recommended cleanup choice, are published in
a report for public review and comment. The
EPA or the State encourages the public to
review the information and take an active role
in the final cleanup decision. Fact sheets and
announcements in local papers let the commu-
nity know where they can get copies of the
study and other reference documents concern-
ing the site. Local information repositories,
such as libraries or other public buildings, are
established in cities and towns near each NPL
site to ensure that the public has an opportunity
to review all relevant information and the
proposed cleanup plans. Locations of informa-
tion repositories for each NPL site described in
this volume are given in Appendix B.
The public has a minimum of 30 days to
comment on the proposed cleanup plan after it
is published. These comments can be written
or given verbally at public meetings that the
EPA or the State are required to hold. Neither
the EPA nor the State can select the final
cleanup remedy without evaluating and provid-
ing written answers to specific community
comments and concerns. This "responsiveness
summary" is part of the EPA's write-up of the
final remedy decision, called the Record of
Decision, or ROD.
The ROD is a public document that explains
the cleanup remedy chosen and the reason it
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SUPERFUND.
was selected. Since sites frequently are large
and must be cleaned up in stages, a ROD may
be necessary for each contaminated resource or
area of the site. This may be necessary when
contaminants have spread into the soil, water,
and air and affect such sensitive areas as
wetlands, or when the site is large and cleaned
up in stages. This often means that a number
of remedies, using different cleanup technolo-
gies, are needed to clean up a single site.
If every cleanup action needs to be
tailored to a site, does the design
ofthe remedy need to be tailored,
too?
Yes. Before a specific cleanup action is carried
out, it must be designed in detail to meet
specific site needs. This stage of the cleanup is
called the remedial design. The design phase
provides the details on how the selected rem-
edy will be engineered and constructed.
Projects to clean up a hazardous waste site may
appear to be like any other major construction
project but, in fact, the likely presence of
combinations of dangerous chemicals demands
special construction planning and procedures.
Therefore, the design of the remedy can take
anywhere from six months to two years to
complete. This blueprint for site cleanup
includes not only the details on every aspect of
the construction work, but a description of the
types of hazardous wastes expected at the site,
special plans for environmental protection,
worker safety, regulatory compliance, and
equipment decontamination.
Once the design is completed,
how long does it take to actually
clean up the site, and how much
does it cost?
The time and cost for performing the site
cleanup, called the remedial action, are as
varied as the remedies themselves. In a few
cases, the only action needed may be to remove
drums of hazardous waste and to decontami-
nate them, an action that takes limited time and
money. In most cases, however, a remedial
action may involve different and expensive
cleanup measures that can take a long time.
For example, cleaning polluted groundwater or
dredging contaminated river bottoms can take
several years of complex engineering work
before contamination is reduced to safe levels.
Sometimes the selected cleanup remedy de-
scribed in the ROD may need to be modified
because of new contaminant information
discovered or difficulties that were faced
during the early cleanup activities. Taking into
account these differences, each remedial
cleanup action takes an average of 18 months
to complete and ultimately costs an average of
$26 million to complete all necessary cleanup
actions at a site .
Once the cleanup action is
completed, is the site
automatically "deleted" from the
NPL?
No. The deletion of a site from the NPL is
anything but automatic. For example, cleanup
of contaminated groundwater may take up to
20 years or longer. Also, in some cases, long-
term monitoring of the remedy is required to
ensure that it is effective. After construction of
certain remedies, operation and maintenance
(e.g., maintenance of ground cover, groundwa-
ter monitoring, etc.), or continued pumping and
treating of groundwater may be required to
ensure that the remedy continues to prevent
future health hazards or environmental damage
and ultimately meets the cleanup goals speci-
fied in the ROD. Sites in this final monitoring
or operational stage of the cleanup process are
designated as "construction complete."
It's not until a site cleanup meets all the goals
and monitoring requirements of the selected
10
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SUPERFUND
remedy that the EPA can officially propose the
site for deletion from the NPL, and it's not
until public comments are taken into consid-
eration that a site actually can be deleted from
the NPL. All sites deleted from the NPL and
sites with completed construction are included
in the progress report found later in this book.
Can a site be taken off the NPL if
no cleanup has taken place?
Yes. But only if further site investigation
reveals that there are no threats present at the
site and that cleanup activities are not neces-
sary. In these cases, the EPA will select a "no
action" remedy and may move to delete the
site when monitoring confirms that the site
does not pose a threat to human health or the
environment.
In other cases, sites may be "removed" from
the NPL if new information concerning site
cleanup or threats show that the site does not
warrant Superfund activities.
A site may be removed if a revised HRS
scoring, based on updated information, results
in a score below the minimum for NPL sites.
A site also may be removed from the NPL by
transferring it to other appropriate Federal
cleanup authorities, such as RCRA, for further
cleanup actions.
Removing sites for technical reasons or trans-
ferring sites to other cleanup programs pre-
serves Superfund monies for the Nation's most
pressing hazardous waste problems where no
other cleanup authority is applicable.
Can the EPA make parties
responsible for the contamination
pay?
Yes. Based on the belief that "the polluters
should pay," after a site is placed on the NPL,
the EPA makes a thorough effort to identify
and find those responsible for causing con-
tamination problems at a site. Although the
EPA is willing to negotiate with these private
parties and encourages voluntary cleanup, it
has the authority under the Superfund law to
legally force those potentially responsible for
site hazards to take specific cleanup actions.
All work performed by these parties is closely
guided and monitored by the EPA and must
meet the same standards required for actions
financed through the Superfund.
Because these enforcement actions can be
lengthy, the EPA may decide to use Superfund
monies to make sure a site is cleaned up
without unnecessary delay. For example, if a
site presents an imminent threat to public
health and the environment or if conditions at a
site may worsen, it could be necessary to start
the cleanup right away. Those responsible for
causing site contamination are liable under the
law (CERCLA) for repaying the money the
EPA spends in cleaning up the site.
Whenever possible, the EPA and the Depart-
ment of Justice use their legal enforcement
authorities to require responsible parties to pay
for site cleanups, thereby preserving Superfund
resources for emergency actions and for sites
where no responsible parties can be identified.
11
-------
THE VOLUME
The site fact sheets presented in this
book are comprehensive summaries
that cover a broad range of information.
The fact sheets describe hazardous
waste sites on the NPL and their locations, as
well as the conditions leading to their listing
("Site Description"). The summaries list the
types of contaminants that have been discov-
ered and related threats to public and ecologi-
cal health ("Threats and Contaminants").
"Cleanup Approach" presents an overview of
the cleanup activities completed, underway, or
planned. The fact sheets conclude with a brief
synopsis of how much progress has been made
in protecting public health and the environ-
ment. The summaries also pinpoint other
actions, such as legal efforts to involve pollut-
ers responsible for site contamination and
community concerns.
The fact sheets are arranged in alphabetical
order by site name. Because site cleanup is a
dynamic and gradual process, all site informa-
tion is accurate as of the date shown on the
bottom of each page. Progress always is being
made at NPL sites, and the EPA periodically
will update the site fact sheets to reflect recent
actions and will publish updated State vol-
umes. The following two pages show a ge-
neric fact sheet and briefly describe the infor-
mation under each section.
HOW CAN YOU USE THIS STATE
BOOK?
You can use this book to keep informed about
the sites that concern you, particularly ones
close to home. The EPA is committed to
involving the public in the decision making
process associated with hazardous waste
cleanup. The Agency solicits input from area
residents in communities affected by Super-
fund sites. Citizens are likely to be affected
not only by hazardous site conditions, but also
by the remedies that combat them. Site clean-
How to Use
the State
Book
ups take many forms and can affect communi-
ties in different ways. Local traffic may be
rerouted, residents may be relocated, tempo-
rary water supplies may be necessary.
Definitive information on a site can help
citizens sift through alternatives and make
decisions. To make good choices, you must
know what the threats are and how the EPA
intends to clean up the site. You must under-
stand the cleanup alternatives being proposed
for site cleanup and how residents may be
affected by each one. You also need to have
some idea of how your community intends to
use the site in the future, and you need to
know what the community can realistically
expect once the cleanup is complete.
The EPA wants to develop cleanup methods
that meet community needs, but the Agency
only can take local concerns into account if it
understands what they are. Information must
travel both ways in order for cleanups to be
effective and satisfactory. Please take this
opportunity to learn more, become involved,
and assure that hazardous waste cleanup at
"your" site considers your community's
concerns.
13
-------
THE VOLUME
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Dates when the site was
Proposed, made Final, and
Deleted from the NPL.
SITE RESPONSIBILITY
Identifies the Federal, State,
and/or potentially respon-
sible parties that are taking
responsibility for cleanup
actions at the site.
SITE NAME
STATE
EPA ID* ABCOOOOOOO
"""StteDescription
EPA REGION XX
CONGRESSIONAL DIST XX
COUNTY NAME
LOCATION
Other Names:
Site Responsibility: -
NPL Listing History
IVopond; jauxxm
Flnak xuottx
hreats and Contaminants
Response Action Status
Environmental Progress ^.f.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS
A summary of the actions to reduce the threats to
nearby residents and the surrounding environment;
progress towards cleaning up the site and goals of
the cleanup plan are given here.
14
-------
THE VOLUME
SITE DESCRIPTION
This section describes the location and history of the site. It includes descrip-
tions of the most recent activities and past actions at the site that have con-
tributed to the contamination. Population estimates, land usages, and nearby
resources give readers background on the local setting surrounding the site.
THREATS AND CONTAMINANTS
The major chemical categories of site contamination are noted, as well as
which environmental resources are affected. Icons representing each of the
affected resources (may include air, groundwater, surface water, soil, and
contamination to environmentally sensitive areas) are included in the margins
of this section. Potential threats to residents and the surrounding environ-
ments arising from the site contamination also are described.
CLEANUP APPROACH
This section contains a brief overview of how the site is being cleaned up.
RESPONSE ACTION STATUS
Specific actions that have been accomplished or will be undertaken to clean
up the site are described here. Cleanup activities at NPL sites are divided
into separate phases, depending on the complexity and required actions at the
site. Two major types of cleanup activities often are described: initial,
immediate, or emergency actions to quickly remove or reduce imminent
threats to the community and surrounding areas; and long-term remedial
phases directed at final cleanup at the site. Each stage of the cleanup strategy
is presented in this section of the summary. Icons representing the stage of
the cleanup process (initial actions, site investigations, EPA selection of the
cleanup remedy, engineering design phase, cleanup activities underway, and
completed cleanup) are located in the margin next to each activity descrip-
tion.
SITE FACTS
Additional information on activities and events at the site are included in this
section. Often details on legal or administrative actions taken by the EPA to
achieve site cleanup or other facts pertaining to community involvement with
the site cleanup process are reported here.
_
-------
THE VOLUME
The "icons," or symbols, accompanying the text allow the reader to see at a glance which envi-
ronmental resources are affected and the status of cleanup activities at the site.
Icons in the Threats and
Contaminants Section
Contaminated Groundwater resources
in the Contaminated Groundwater in
the vicinity or underlying the site.
(Groundwater is often used as a
drinking water source.)
Contaminated Surface Water and
Sediments on or near the site. (These
include lakes, ponds, streams, and
rivers.)
Contaminated Air in the vicinity of
the site. (Air pollution usually is
periodic and involves contaminated
dust particles or hazardous gas emis-
sions.)
Contaminated Soil and Sludges on or
near the site. (This contamination
category may include bulk or other
surface hazardous wastes found on the
site.)
Threatened or contaminated Environ-
mentally Sensitive Areas in the vicin-
ity of the site. (Examples include
wetlands and coastal areas or critical
habitats.)
Icons in the Response Action
Status Section
Initial Actions have been taken or are
underway to eliminate immediate
threats at the site.
Site Studies at the site to determine the
nature and extent of contamination are
planned or underway.
Remedy Selected indicates that site
investigations have been concluded,
and the EPA has selected a final
cleanup remedy for the site or part of
the site.
Remedy Design means that engineers
are preparing specifications and
drawings for the selected cleanup
technologies.
Cleanup Ongoing indicates that the
selected cleanup remedies for the
contaminated site, or part of the site,
currently are underway.
Cleanup Complete shows that all
cleanup goals have been achieved for
the contaminated site or part of the
site.
Environmental Progress summa-
rizes the activities taken to date to
protect human health and to clean
up site contamination.
16
-------
NPL SITES
The State of
New York
New York, a Middle Atlantic state, is located within EPA Region 2, which includes New Jersey,
Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. The state covers 49,108 square miles and consists of the
rugged mountains of the Adirondacks in the northeast, lowlands along the Canadian border and
in the west, Appalachian Highlands in the central region, and Atlantic Coastal Plains in the
southeast. According to the 1990 Census, New York experienced a 3% increase in population
between 1980 and 1990 and currently has approximately 17,991,000 residents, ranking 2nd in
U.S. populations. Principal state industries include manufacturing, finance, communications,
tourism, transportation, and services. New York industries manufacture books and periodicals,
clothing, instruments, toys and sporting goods, automotive and aircraft components, electronic
equipment, machinery, and Pharmaceuticals.
How Many NPL Sites
Are In the State of New York?
Proposed
Final
Deleted
0
83
JQ
83
Where Are the NPL Sites Located?
Congressional District 7, 23, 31, 33, 35 1 site
Congressional District 3,5, 27 2 sites
Congressional District 1, 30 3 sites
Congressional District 26,34 4 sites
Congressional District 21,22, 25,29 5 sites
Congressional District 24 6 sites
Congressional District 4 7 sites
Congressional District 28, 32 8 sites
Congressional District 2 9 sites
What Type of Sites are on the NPL
in the State of New York?
# of sites
27
11
6
6
5
4
4
4
16
type of sites
Municipal & Industrial Landfills
Chemicals & Allied Products
Metals & Allied Products
Dumps
Electroplating
Electronics & Electrical Equipment
Federal Facilities
Recyclers
Other (Rubber & Plastics, Petroleum
Refining, Textiles, Construction, etc.)
17
April 1991
-------
NPL SITES
How Are Sites Contaminated and What Are the Principal* Chemicals?
100- -
80-
20--
GW Soil SW
Sed Air Solid
Waste
Contamination Area
Groundwater: Volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), heavy metals
(inorganics), and polychlorinated biphe-
nyls (PCBs).
Soil, Solid and Liquid Waste:
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
heavy metals (inorganics), polychlori-
nated biphenyles (PCBs), creosotes
(organics), and pesticides.
Surface Water and Sediments:
Heavy metals (inorganics), volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), polychlori-
nated biphenyls (PCBs), creosotes
(organics), and pesticides.
Air: Volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs), gases, and radiation.
'Appear at 10% or more sites
Where Are the Sites in the Superfund Cleanup Process?1
34
Sites
with
Studies
Underway
12
Sites
with
Remedy
Selected
13
Sites
with
Remedy
Design
21
Sites
with
Cleanup
Ongoing
2
Sites
with
Construction
Complete
Deleted
Sites
In addition to activities described above, initial actions have been taken at 49 sites as interim
cleanup measures.
'Cleanup status reflects phases of site activities rather than administrative accomplishments.
April 1991
18
-------
THE NPL REPORT
The following Progress Report lists all
sites currently on, or deleted from, the
NPL and briefly summarizes the status
of activities for each site at the time this
report was prepared. The steps in the Super-
fund cleanup process are arrayed across the
top of the chart, and each site's progress
through these steps is represented by an arrow
(c>) indicating the current stage of cleanup.
Large and complex sites often are organized
into several cleanup stages. For example,
separate cleanup efforts may be required to
address the source of the contamination,
hazardous substances in the groundwater, and
surface water pollution, or to clean up differ-
ent areas of a large site. In such cases, the
chart portrays cleanup progress at the site's
most advanced stage, reflecting the status of
site activities rather than administrative
accomplishments.
An arrow in the "Initial Response" cate-
gory indicates that an emergency cleanup or
initial action has been completed or currently
is underway. Emergency or initial actions are
taken as an interim measure to provide im-
mediate relief from exposure to hazardous site
conditions or to stabilize a site to prevent
further contamination.
A final arrow in the "Site Studies"
category indicates that an investigation to
determine the nature and extent of the
contamination at the site currently is ongoing.
A final arrow in the "Remedy Selection"
category means that the EPA has selected the
final cleanup strategy for the site. At the few
sites where the EPA has determined that
initial response actions have eliminated site
contamination, or that any remaining
contamination will be naturally dispersed
without further cleanup activities, a "No
Progress
To Date
Action" remedy is selected. In these cases, the
arrows are discontinued at the "Remedy
Selection" step and resume in the
"Construction Complete" category.
A final arrow at the "Remedial Design"
stage indicates that engineers currently are
designing the technical specifications for the
selected cleanup remedies and technologies.
A final arrow in the "Cleanup Ongoing"
column means that final cleanup actions have
been started at the site and currently are
underway.
A final arrow in the "Construction
Complete" category is used only when all
phases of the site cleanup plan have been
performed, and the EPA has determined that no
additional construction actions are required at
the site. Some sites in this category currently
may be undergoing long-term operation and
maintenance or monitoring to ensure that the
cleanup actions continue to protect human
health and the environment.
A check in the "Deleted" category indicates
that the site cleanup has met all human health
and environmental goals and that the EPA has
deleted the site from the NPL.
Further information on the activities and
progress at each site is given in the site "Fact
Sheets" published in this volume.
19
April 1991
-------
Progress Toward Cleanup at NPL Sites in the State of New York
(O
(O
NJ
O
Page
Site Name
Initial Site Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
County NPL Date Response Studies Selected Design Ongoing Complete Deleted
27 ACTION ANODIZING
29 AMERICAN THERMOSTAT COMPANY
31 ANCHOR CHEMICALS
33 APPLIED ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
35 BATAVIA LANDFILL
37 EEC TRUCKING
39 BIOCLJNICAL LABORATORIES, INC.
41 BREWSTER WELL FIELD
43 BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB.
45 BYRON BARREL AND DRUM
47 C&JDISPOSALLEASINGCO.DUMP
49 CARROLL & DUBIES SEWAGE DISPOSAL
51 ORCUITRON CORPORATION
53 CLAREMONT POLYCHEMCAL
55 CLOTHIER DISPOSAL
57 COLES VILLE MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
59 CONKLIN DUMPS
61 CORTESE LANDFILL
63 ENDICOTT VILLAGE WELL FIELD
65 FACET ENTERPRISES. INC.
67 FMC CORP. (DUBLIN ROAD LANDFILL)
69 FOREST GLEN MOBILE HOME
71 FULTON TERMINALS
73 GEMOREAU
75 GENERAL MOTORS
77 GENZALE PLATING COMPANY
SUFFOLK
GREENE
NASSAU
NASSAU
GENESEE
BROOME
SUFFOLK
PUTNAM
SUFFOLK
GENESEE
MADISON
ORANGE
SUFFOLK
NASSAU
OSWEGO
BROOME
BROOME
SULLIVAN
BROOME
CHEMUNG
ORLEANS
NIAGARA
OSWEGO
SARATOGA
ST. LAWRENCE
NASSAU
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
03/30/89
09/01/83
06/01/86
06/01/86
09/01/83
06/01/86
03/30/89
09/01/83
11/21/89
06/01/86
03/30/89
02/21/90
03/30/89
06/01/86
06/01/86
06/01/86
03/30/89
06/01/86
06/01/86
09/01/83
06/01/86
11/21/89
09/01/83
09/01/83
09/01/84
07/01/87
C>
O
O
O
0
O
O
O
o
c>
O
o
o
O-
O
O
O
O
o
o
0
o
o
0
o
c>
c>
O
O
O
c>
O
o-
o
o
o
o
1 Is
1 ^>
t=>
l=>
O c>
l=>
O 0
i=> O
o
I=>
l=> [=>
c> O
0 c>
O O
O c>
i=> c>
O
0 c=>
O
i=>
-------
Page Site Name
79 GOLDISC RECORDINGS, INC.
81 GRIFFISS AIR FORCE BASE
83 HAVILAND COMPLEX
85 HERTEL LANDFILL
87 HOOKER-102ND STREET
89 HOOKER-HYDEPARK
91 HOOKER CHEM7S-AREA
93 HOOKER CHEMICAL/RUCO POLYMER
95 HUDSON RIVER PCBS
97 ISLIP MUNICPAL SANITARY LANDFILL
99 JOHNSTOWN CITY LANDFILL
101 JONES CHEMICALS, INC.
103 JONES SANITATION
105 KATONAH MUNICIPAL WELL
107 KENMARK TEXTILE CORP.
109 KENTUCKY AVENUE WELL HELD
111 LIBERTY INDUSTRIAL FINISHING
113 LOVE CANAL
117 LUDLOW SAND & GRAVEL
119 MALTA ROCKET FUEL AREA
121 MARATHON BATTERY CORP.
125 MATTIACE PETROCHEMICALS CO.
127 MERCURY REFINING, INC.
129 NEPERA CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.
131 NIAGARA COUNTY REFUSE
Initial Site Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
Complete Deleted
County
SUFFOLK
ONEIDA
DUTCHESS
ULSTER
NIAGARA
NIAGARA
NIAGARA
NASSAU
RENSSELAER/
WASHINGTON/
SARATOGA
SUFFOLK
FULTON
LIVINGSTON
DUTCHESS
WESTCHESTER
SUFFOLK
CHEMUNG
NASSAU
NIAGARA
ONEIDA
SARATOGA
PUTNAM
NASSAU
ALBANY
ORANGE
NIAGARA
NPL
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Date Response
06/01/86
07/01/87 C>
06/01/86 C>
06/01/86
09/01/83 O
09/01/83
09/01/83 l=>
06/01/86
09/01/84 O
03/30/89
06/01/86
02/21/90 O-
07/01/87
06/01/86
06/01/86 C=>
09/01/83 O
06/01/86 C>
09/01/83 O-
09/01/83
07/01/87
09/01/83 O
03/30/89 O
09/01/83
06/01/86 l=>
09/01/83
Studies Selected Design <
c>
r^s
r"*> r~*^ C^
o
^^^ C^^
O O O
c=> 0 0
O O
O t=> O
0
O
0
O
I !» i ^> r~^»
0
i~^> r~^ i ^»
O
r~^ i~*v i~*>
1 1^ 1 ]s 1 *>
O
O O- O
O c> O
t=> c> O
O
c=>
Ongoin
O
O
O
0
O
t=>
O
O
O
O
CO
CD
-------
Page Site Name
133 NIAGARA MOHAWK POWER CORP.
135 NORTH SEA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
137 OLD BETHPAGE LANDFILL
139 OLEAN WELL FIELD
141 PASLEY SOLVENTS AND CHEMICALS
143 PLATTSBURGH AIR FORCE BASE
145 POLLUTION ABATEMENT SERVICES
147 PORT WASHINGTON LANDFILL
149 PREFERRED PLATING CORPORATION
151 RADIUM CHEMICAL CO., INC.
153 RAMAPO LANDFILL
155 RICHARDSON HILL ROAD LANDFILL
157 ROBINTECHINCyNATIONALPIPECO.
159 ROSEN BROTHERS SCRAP YARD/DUMP
161 ROWE INDUSTRIES GW CONTAM.
163 SARNEYFARM
165 SEALAND RESTORATION, INC.
167 SENECA ARMY DEPOT
169 SIDNEY LANDFILL
171 SINCLAIR REFINERY
173 SMS INSTRUMENTS. INC.
175 SOLVENT SAVERS
177 SUFFERN VILLAGE WELL FIELD
179 SYOSSET LANDFILL
181 TRI-CITIES BARREL CO., INC.
183 TRONIC PLATING CO., INC.
Initial Site Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
County
SARATOGA
SUFFOLK
NASSAU
CATTARAUGUS
NASSAU
CLINTON
OSWEGO
NASSAU
SUFFOLK
QUEENS
ROCKLAND
DELAWARE
BROOME
CORTLAND
SUFFOLK
DUTCHESS
ST. LAWRENCE
SENECA
DELAWARE
ALLEGANY
SUFFOLK
CHENANGO
ROCKLAND
NASSAU
BROOME
SUFFOLK
IMPL
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Date Response
02/21/90
06/01/86 O
09/01/83
09/01/83 l=>
06/01/86
11/21/89 O
09/01/83 O
09/01/83 C>
06/01/86
11/21/89 C>
09/01/83
07/01/87 C>
06/01/86
03/30/89 O
07/01/87 I=>
06/01/86 O
08/30/90
08/30/90
03/30/89 O
09/01/83 O
06/01/86 O
09/01/83 O
06/01/86 O
09/01/83 C=>
10/04/89
06/01/86
Studic
O
O
O
c>
O
O
(~^>
O
t~^>
O
O
O
I=>
O
O
[=>
l=>
c>
c>
O
O
O
O
d>
O
O
O
c>
c=>
O
c>
c> O
O
O
-------
NJ
CO
Initial Site Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
Page Site Name County NPL Date Response Studies Selected Design Ongoing Complete Deleted
185 VESTAL WATER SUPPLY WELL 1-1 BROOME Final 09/01/83 O O [=> O
187 VESTAL WATER SUPPLY WELL 4-2 BROOME Final 09/01/83 C> C=> C> O
189 VOLNEY MUNICIPAL LANDFILL OSWEGO Final 06/01/86 [=> O C>
191 WARWICK LANDFILL ORANGE Final 03/30/89 I=>
193 WIDE BEACH DEVELOPMENT ERIE Final 09/08/83 t=> O l=> O I=>
195 YORK OIL COMPANY FRANKLIN Final 09/01/83 O O O C>
CD
CD
-------
THE NPL FACT SHEETS
Summary
of Site
Activities
EPA REGION 2
25
April 1991
-------
Who Do I Call with Questions?
The following pages describe each NPL site in New York, providing specific
information on threats and contaminants, cleanup activities, and environmen-
tal progress. Should you have questions, please call the EPA's Region 2
Office in New York, NY or one of the other offices listed below:
EPA Region 2 Superfund Community Relations Office
EPA Region 2 Superfund Office
EPA Superfund Hotline
EPA Headquarters Public Information Center
New York Superfund Office
(212) 264-7054
(212) 264-9858
(800) 424-9346
(202) 260-2080
(518)457-5861
April 1991
26
-------
ACTION ANODIZIN
PLATING, AN
POLISHING
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD072366453
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
1 mile east of the Nassau/Suffolk Co. line
Copiague
Site Description
Action Anodizing, Plating, and Polishing Corp. is a 1-acre site located at 33 Dixon Avenue in a
residential area of Copiague. Action Anodizing has been operating as a small industrial facility
since 1968, sealing, cleaning, anodizing, dyeing, and cadmium-plating aluminum parts. Previously,
the facility was an industrial laundry. Before 1980, workers discharged process wastewater
containing high concentrations of heavy metals into underground leaching pools. Wastes appear to
have been spilled onto the soil in at least one area. Under the direction and approval of the Suffolk
County Department of Health Services, the shop excavated the leaching pools and backfilled them
with clean sand. Action expanded its building over these areas in 1984. Single family homes are
located across the street from Action. Two schools and a hospital are located within a mile of the
site, and nine other schools are located within 5,900 feet. Wells are the sole source of drinking
water in the area; at least one public well field is within 1 mile of the site. Approximately 1 million
residents of Suffolk and Nassau Counties obtain drinking water from public wells within 3 miles of
the site. Soils on the site are permeable and groundwater is shallow, conditions that make it easier
for contaminants to move into groundwater. Amityville Creek, a small tributary to Great South
Bay, is 1/2 mile southeast of the facility. The upper reach of the creek is designated as a freshwater
wetland.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
The on-site leaching pool system contains heavy metals, including chromium, iron and
zinc. Surface soil from a suspected spillage area contains chromium and cadmium. As of
early 1991, the three public water supply wells within a mile of the site were clean of
contaminants. However, the water table is at about 10 feet, so exposure could occur if
groundwater became contaminated and seeped into adjacent basements or if soil vapors
were to enter the residences.
27
April 1991
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA began an intensive study of pollution problems at and
around the Action property. This investigation is exploring the nature and extent of
contamination and includes sampling of both groundwater and soils for metals and organic
compounds. On the basis of the sampling results, the EPA is scheduled to recommend the best
strategies for final cleanup in early 1992.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Action Anodizing, Plating, and Polishing Corp. site on the NPL, the EPA performed
a preliminary evaluation and determined that no immediate actions were required to make the site
safer while investigations leading to the selection of a final cleanup remedy are taking place.
April 1991
28
ACTION ANODIZING, PLATING,
AND POLISHING CORP.
-------
AMERICAN
THERMOSTAT
COMPANY
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD002066330
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 24
Greene County
South Cairo
From 1954 to 1985, American Thermostat Corporation built thermostats for small appliances at this
8-acre site in South Cairo. Located in the Catskill Creek Valley, the site and much of the nearby
community are bordered by Routes 23 and 23B. The company was the only manufacturer in the
vicinity, which is a popular tourist and residential area. In 1981, the New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation discovered that American Thermostat employees were improperly
disposing of chemicals at the site. The State learned that workers had been pouring waste organic
solvents down drains attached to an abandoned septic system for a number of years. Solvents and
sludges also had been dumped on the parking lot. State health personnel tested wells in the vicinity
in the spring of 1981 and found six to be contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) and other
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including tetrachloroethylene (PCE). The health department
advised affected residents not to drink or cook with their well water. By late 1982, the company had
installed carbon filters on its own well and on those of four affected homes. The home located next
to the plant was connected to the company water supply. The company ceased operations in 1985
and filed involuntary bankruptcy without completely fulfilling its agreements with regard to site
cleanup. Approximately 5,000 people live within a 3-mile radius of the site, primarily in low-density
residential areas. All homes within 1/2 mile of the site use private wells. Catskill Creek, less than
1/4 mile east of the site, is classified as a trout stream and has considerable recreational value to local
and visiting fishermen.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and drinking water in the site vicinity are contaminated with VOCs,
including PCE and TCE. An estimated 26,000 square feet of soil at the site are
contaminated with TCE and PCE to a depth of 7 feet In the early 1980s, TCE and PCE
were detected in two tributaries to Catskill Creek, but the creek itself (near Leeds)
showed no contamination. Adverse human health effects may occur from ingesting or
coming into direct contact with contaminated groundwater or soil.
29
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on provision of a new water supply and cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Under State orders, the owners agreed to clean up the site and its
surroundings; to provide, monitor, and maintain carbon filtration systems for five affected
wells; and to supply bottled water for consumption at the affected homes. However, when
the company went out of business in May 1985, it stopped providing bottled water and abandoned
the maintenance of carbon filtration systems at the affected homes. The State requested that the
EPA sample other drinking wells near the site; provide bottled water and carbon filtration systems
where necessary; and take over maintenance of clean water systems at the originally affected homes.
The EPA installed two air stripping systems at the site. The stripping systems have treated over 7
million gallons of contaminated groundwater to date. A system of seven extraction and reinjection
wells and a soil vacuum extraction system were installed at the site in 1989 for the purpose of
accelerating the treatment of the groundwater.
Water Supply: In January 1988, the EPA selected a remedy that would assure a clean
water supply to residents near the site. It includes extending the existing Catskill water
district pipeline from Sandy Plains Road to the affected and potentially affected areas.
The EPA began the engineering design for this remedy in 1988; it is planned for completion in mid-
1991. Construction of the water pipeline is expected to begin in the fall of 1991, provided the
necessary easements have been obtained.
Entire Site: The EPA completed an intensive study of the sources of site contamination
in 1990. Based on the results of this investigation, the EPA selected actions to clean up
the site including low-temperature treatment of the contaminated soil, air stripping and
carbon adsorption for treatment of the groundwater and surface water, and decontamination of the
building at the site. Engineering designing and planning is expected to be completed in spring 1992.
Environmental Progress
The designs for the alternate water supply and groundwater and soil cleanup methods are underway
at the American Thermostat site. Bottled water and carbon treatment systems currently are being
provided to those needing it, reducing the potential for exposure to site contaminants until final
cleanup actions can be taken.
April 1991 30 AMERICAN THERMOSTAT
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ANCHOR CHEMICALS
NEW YORK
EPA IDtfNYDO01485226
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Nassau County
Hicksville, near Cantiaque Park
Site Description
Anchor Chemicals, later known as Anchor-Lith Kem Ko, operated on this 1 1/2-acre site in
Hicksville from 1964 to 1984. The company blended and packed chemicals for the graphic arts
industry. A construction company is now using the building as a warehouse. While Anchor was in
business, workers stored chemicals above and below the ground; 17 underground storage tanks
ranging in capacity from 550 to 4,000 gallons lie beneath the concrete floor of the building.
Between mid-1981 and early 1983, six leaking underground tanks were taken out of service. The
company installed three monitoring wells in 1982. These revealed that subsurface soil and
groundwater were contaminated with chlorinated organics. From 1982 to 1987, the party potentially
responsible for the site contamination conducted groundwater monitoring. Contamination appears to
be limited to the subsurface environment. The area surrounding the site is residential, and the
Cantiaque Park and golf course is located 100 yards north of the site. Approximately 90,000 people
within 3 miles of the site draw their drinking water from municipal and private wells. Groundwater
also is used for irrigation and industrial processes. Approximately 12,000 people live within a mile
of the facility; 11 schools are situated within 1 1/2 miles.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and subsurface soils on site are contaminated with volatile organic
compounds (VOCs). The only likely route of exposure to contaminants is through the
contaminated groundwater. Public water is available to everyone in the area. However,
contaminated groundwater is a potential threat to the water supply wells of the Westbury,
Hicksville, and Bowling Green water districts, which are all located less than 6,500 feet
southwest of the site.
31
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two phases: an immediate action and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: Anchor Chemicals was fenced to prevent trespassers from entering
the site and being exposed to hazardous wastes.,
Entire Site: The party potentially responsible for contamination at the site signed an
Administrative Order on Consent to perform a study of the site in June 1989. This
investigation, which began later in 1989, will map out the nature and extent of the problem
and will recommend the best strategies for final cleanup. Field work is planned to be completed in
1991. The full investigation is scheduled for completion in 1992.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Anchor Chemicals site to the NPL, the EPA determined, after an initial evaluation,
that the site does not currently pose an immediate threat to the surrounding community or the
environment while investigations leading to a final cleanup remedy are taking place.
April 1991 32 ANCHOR CHEMICALS
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APPLIED
ENVIRONMENT
SERVICES
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980535652
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 03
Nassau County
Glenwood Landing
Other Names:
Philips Petroleum Co.
Applied Environmental Services recovered fuels from hazardous wastes at this 4-acre site in
Glenwood Landing from 1980 to 1983. The property contains two 1-story buildings, 7 underground
tanks, and 11 aboveground tanks, 7 of which are 15 feet above-grade on an earthen wall. Although
all the liquid chemicals stored in the tanks have been removed from the site, spills, leaks, or other
activities have left on-site soil, groundwater, and surface waters contaminated. The current owner of
the site, Shore Realty, purchased the property in 1983 and evicted Applied Environmental Services
in January 1984. The site has been inactive since; it is fenced and access is controlled. Before 1980,
the site was leased and operated by a petrochemical company. Several spills occurred during its
tenure, including about 3,000 gallons of the volatile organic compound (VOC) toluene from an
overturned tank trailer. The site is on the north shore of Long Island; it slopes down to Hempstead
Harbor on the west and Mott Cove on the south. A fuel oil distributor, power plant, and public boat
landing lie to the north, and there is a private yacht club to the east. During past site inspections, the
State and the EPA observed leaking barrels, tanks of solvents, and an oil sheen in Mott Cove. In
1985 and 1988, leachate was discharging into Hempstead Harbor from the bulkhead. Approximately
7,600 people live within a mile of the site. Homes lie 500 feet to the south, 800 feet to the north, and
1,500 feet west of the site. An estimated 20,000 people within 3 miles of the site use groundwater as
a drinking water source. There are three public water supplies in the area, all of which are being
monitored and are free of site-related contaminants.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
On-site monitoring wells revealed contamination from VOCs including xylene and
toluene. Sediments are contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and VOCs.
On-site soils also are contaminated with VOCs. People on site could be exposed to
contaminants by accidentally ingesting soils or drinking contaminated groundwater. If
chemicals move off site, users of the surrounding properties and the fishing and
swimming areas could be threatened.
33
April 1991
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: After toluene began seeping into Hempstead Harbor, Applied
Environmental Services installed a trench that recovers an average of 500 gallons of
organic chemicals each month. The current site owner removed some of the drums from
the site in 1984 and funded the further removal of 218 drums in 1985; the State supervised these
activities. In October 1985, the State began to remove about 600,000 gallons of wastes from the on-
site tanks. The work was completed a year later.
Entire Site: In 1987, under State supervision, the current owner began an intensive study
of pollution at the site. As a result of the investigation, recommendations were made for
cleanup strategies. The recommendations were made available for public comment in
spring 1991. Once the EPA evaluates the public comments, the site remedy will be selected. An
engineering design for the cleanup technologies is expected to begin in 1991.
Site Facts: An Administrative Consent Order was signed in October 1987 for the current site
owner to conduct a study into the nature and extent of contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
The drum removal activities, fencing, and liquid waste collection efforts have greatly reduced the
potential for exposure to hazardous materials at the Applied Environmental Services site while
awaiting selection of the final cleanup remedy.
April 1991 34 APPLIED ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
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BATAVIA
LANDFILL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980507693
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 30
Genesee County
Near Batavia
From the 1960s until 1980, several operations dumped industrial wastes at the 40-acre Batavia
Landfill, which is now inactive. Drummed and undrummed wastes disposed of at the site include
heavy metal sludges, oils, and organic solvents. A protected wetland, Galloway Swamp, borders
the site on the north and east. Liquids have been seen seeping from the landfill into the swamp,
which now contains heavy metals. Residential wells, a nearby trailer park's water supply well, and
the Town of Oakfield's municipal well all are polluted. The surrounding area is rural; 200 people
live within a 1-mile radius of the site. The underlying aquifer supplies drinking water to
approximately 6,500 people living within a 3-mile radius of the site. A total of 1,000 private and
public wells serve the population within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is contaminated with lead and other metals, phenols, and volatile
organic compounds (VOCs). Samples from off-site drinking wells show elevated iron
and VOC levels. Sediment and surface water samples from the Galloway Swamp contain
the heavy metals barium and lead, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Drinking
contaminated groundwater may pose a threat to human health. Wildlife that inhabits the
swamp also may suffer ill effects from surface water contamination.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
35
April 1991
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Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA began an intensive study of water pollution at the site in March
1984, but the parties potentially responsible for its contamination assumed responsibility
for continuing the work in August 1984. Under EPA monitoring, these parties are
exploring the nature and extent of groundwater and surface water pollution at the site and will
recommend the best strategies for final cleanup. In 1989, the parties submitted the study report to
EPA. Based on the EPA's review, additional field studies were performed in 1990, and the EPA
currently is reviewing the revised report.
Site Facts: An Administrative Order on Consent was signed and became effective in August 1984
for the potentially responsible parties to conduct a study of contamination at the site, under EPA
supervision.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Batavia Landfill site on the NPL, the EPA determined that no immediate actions are
necessary while the investigations leading to the selection of a final cleanup remedy are underway.
April 1991 36 BATAVIA LANDFILL
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BEC TRUCKING
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980768675
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
ONGRESSIONAL DIST. 28
Broome County
Vestal
This 3 1/2-acre site on Stewart Road in Vestal was used by BEC Trucking as a truck body
manufacturing operation. Truck body fabrication, painting, and vehicle maintenance operations
generated hazardous wastes. The operators stored these materials on the site. In 1982, alerted by
municipal officials, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation found about 50
improperly stored drums. The drums contained waste motor oil, metal cutting oil, paint thinners,
solvents, methanol, toluene, and petroleum distillates. Investigators also saw stained soil where
spills had occurred. In 1983, COGS, Inc. purchased the property. The new owner removed the
drums and placed stained soil into four drums, which remained on site. The property currently is
being used to store construction materials. The area around the site is primarily commercial and
industrial. It is bordered by Stewart Road to the south, industrial properties to the east and north,
and the Stewart Trailer Park and wetlands to the west. Prior to the mid-1960s, the site itself was
unimproved marshland. The company that was to become BEC Trucking filled the swamp with
various materials, including fly ash from a local power company, to raise the ground level.
Approximately 3,000 people live within a 1-mile radius of the site. The Vestal public water supply
well field lies about 3/4 mile southwest of the site. One well is contaminated with chlorinated
organic chemicals. However, BEC Trucking is not implicated in this contamination problem
because the direction of groundwater flow at the site is to the northwest. Three other hazardous
waste sites listed on the NPL are located within a mile of the BEC Trucking site, which complicates
analysis of pollution problems in the area. Residences around the site, including those in the trailer
park, have been hooked up to the public water system.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
An EPA investigation in 1988 detected low levels of the volatile organic compound
(VOC) benzene and arsenic, a heavy metal, in the groundwater. Sediments and surface
soils contain low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results of the
risk assessment performed during intensive study of the site revealed minimal risk to
human health.
37
April 1991
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1990, the EPA excavated and disposed of 15 drums of
hazardous waste and several other empty drums that were found on site. The drums were
disposed of in an EPA-approved facility.
Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy for this site. The Agency
recommends no further action. The concentrations of PAHs in the surface soil are at or
near the lower limits requiring cleanup. Furthermore, these chemicals will undergo
natural biological breakdown over time, thus reducing the low-level contamination even further.
The EPA will begin a monitoring program for groundwater, surface water, and sediments that will
ensure the protection of human and environmental health. The site was added to the NPL because of
potential lead contamination in the groundwater, but investigations did not yield any evidence of
contamination. Groundwater monitoring activities started in 1990.
Environmental Progress
Removal of drums eliminated a potential source of contamination. Intensive investigation of the
conditions at the EEC Trucking site has shown that the levels of contaminants in the groundwater,
surface water, and sediments are within the accepted State and Federal guidelines. Therefore, there
are no site-wide cleanup actions required at the site at this time. The EPA is closely monitoring the
site to ensure that the site remains safe to the public and the environment.
April! 991 38 BEC TRUCKING
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BIOCLINICAL
LABORATORI
INC.
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980768683
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
On Smithtown Avenue in the Hamlet of Bohemia
Site Description
The 3,000-square-foot Bioclinical Laboratories site on Smithtown Avenue in Bohemia is a rental
unit within a 10-unit, single-story building. Bioclinical Labs formulated, mixed, repackaged, and
distributed chemicals from 1978 to 1981. Operators stored drums of hazardous wastes on site, some
of which leaked. When washing chemically contaminated containers for reuse, workers routinely
poured rinse water directly onto the ground or discharged it to sinks, a septic tank/distribution pool,
and storm drains. Analysts sampled these structures when citizen concerns prompted an
investigation by the County in 1981. They discovered a range of organic contaminants, including
solvents. In July 1981, a fire at the site destroyed much of the firm's inventory. Bioclinical Labs
reincorporated its operations at another location in Bohemia, and the old site is now occupied by
another company. In November 1981, the County sampled three private drinking wells about 1/4
mile south of the site and detected chloroform in them. According to a 1984 State investigation, the
site may have contributed to the contamination by chloroform and other volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in the area soil and groundwater. The site lies in an industrial setting in a major suburban
area of Long Island. Municipal and private wells downgradient of the site serve 10,000 residents.
The Suffolk County Water Authority currently draws water from an uncontaminated aquifer. A
nearby public water supply, the Church Street well field, is also uncontaminated. MacArthur Airport
is located about 1/2 mile north of the site. The population within 1 mile is 1,600, and 26,000 live
within 3 miles. Rattlesnake Brook, which is used for recreation, is within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPLUSTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/01/86
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
The on-site groundwater contains VOCs including chloroform and methylene chloride
and heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, and chromium. Soil also is contaminated with
VOCs. Currently, the public does not appear to be exposed to contamination. However,
if the on-site groundwater is accidentally ingested, it poses a threat to people.
39
April 1991
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1988, the EPA began an intensive study of contamination at the site. This
investigation will explore the nature and extent of pollution problems and will recommend
the best strategies for final cleanup. It is slated for completion in the fall of 1991.
Site Facts: In November 1981, the County issued a Consent Order requiring Bioclinical Labs to
remove all fire-damaged containers from the site and to have all industrial wastes removed from the
sanitary drain and septic system. It also required the owner to prepare and submit a plan to install on-
site monitoring wells to detect any contamination in groundwater. Bioclinical labs removed all
chemicals and pumped the wastewater system clean, but did not install the wells.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Bioclinical Labs site to the NPL, the EPA determined that no immediate actions
were required to protect public health or the environment while the investigations leading to the
selection of a final remedy are taking place.
April 1991 40 BIOCLINICAL LABORATORIES, INC.
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BREWSTER WELL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980652275
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 21
Putnam County
Village of Brewster
Site Description
The Brewster Well Field site consists of the area beneath and around the public well field from
which Brewster draws its water supplies. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), primarily
tetrachloroethylene, were discovered in the water distribution system in 1978. The source of the
contamination was traced to a dry cleaning establishment that has been in operation since 1958.
Operators disposed of dry cleaning wastes in a dry well adjacent to the site until 1983. Subsequent
testing revealed a large plume of groundwater contamination. Between 1978 and 1984, Brewster
used several drilling, blending, and pumping strategies to keep contaminant levels down. In 1984,
the Village, in association with the EPA's Office of Research and Development, installed a packed-
column air stripping unit to evaporate the volatile groundwater contaminants and to provide safe
drinking water. Aquifers at this site provide drinking water for approximately 2,000 area residents.
The nearby East Branch Croton River is a significant brown trout fishery and, in combination with
two other nearby streams, is a part of the Croton System contributing to New York City's water
supply. A water intake lies 12 miles downstream of the site. Woods and wetlands surround the well
heads, pump houses, and access roads, and the wetlands connect directly with the East Branch
Croton River.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with various VOCs including tetrachloroethylene and vinyl
chloride. River water and ditch sediments also contain VOCs, but at much lower
concentrations. Since the groundwater is currently being cleaned to drinking water
standards, the health threat is reduced. However, surface water needs continued
monitoring to ensure that there are no ill effects on river life.
41
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the
groundwater and controlling the source of contamination.
Response Action Status
Groundwater: The State began studying the site in early 1984. During the course of
this study, the Village of Brewster installed the full-scale packed column air stripper,
which treated the entire water supply. On the basis of results from the State's study, the
EPA selected a remedy for this site in 1986 that included: (1) continuing to operate the existing air
stripping system at the well field, and (2) designing and building a groundwater management system
that will contain the plume of contamination and restore groundwater quality south of the East
Branch Croton River. This system extracts water from wells, treats it with another off-site air
stripper, and reinjects the treated water into the ground. The EPA began cleanup activities in support
of this remedy in 1987. The installation of the groundwater management system has been completed
and start-up activities are underway. The system is expected to be in operation by fall 1991.
Source Control: In 1988, the EPA selected a remedy for cleaning up the source of the
groundwater contamination that included: (1) excavating about 100 cubic yards of dry
well sediments, sludge, and soil contaminated with VOCs in the dry well located outside
of the dry cleaners; (2) incinerating and disposing of these materials off site; (3) removing the
concrete dry well structure from outside the dry cleaners; and (4) decontaminating the dry well
structure and debris and disposing of them off site. All disposal will be at an EPA-approved
hazardous waste facility. The EPA began cleanup activities in 1989, which are scheduled to be
completed in late 1991.
Environmental Progress
The installation of an air stripper to treat the contaminated water supply will eliminate the potential
for exposure to contaminated materials in the drinking water while cleanup of the source of
contamination is being completed at the Brewster Well Field site.
April 1991 42 BREWSTER WELL FIELD
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BROOKHAVEN NA
LABORATO
(USDOE)
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NY7890008975
Site Description
>A REGION 2
GRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Suffolk County
Upton
Other Names:
BNL
The Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) site is a research and development facility covering
5,265 acres in Upton, at the center of Long Island. Much of the area is wooded, although
commercial and residential development is underway. The Army used the site as Camp Upton
during World Wars I and II. Since 1947, Associated Universities, Inc. has operated BNL here, under
contract first to the Atomic Energy Commission and now to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).
BNL designs, builds, and runs high-tech installations for scientific research, such as particle
accelerators and nuclear reactors. Most of its main facilities lie near the center of the site. Outlying
facilities cover about 550 acres and include the hazardous waste management facility (HWMF), an
active landfill, a former landfill and chemical holes area, a sewage treatment plant, and a former ash
fill area near an old incinerator. Accidental contamination has occurred in a building sump, the
central steam facility, and the HWMF. Soil in several small areas contains low levels of
radioactivity from past landscaping activities. In 1960, workers pumped about 5 curies of
radioactive slurry into a drinking water well near the HWMF instead of into the fill pipe of a nearby
underground tank. Workers deposited 3 tons of wastes each day in the former landfill, which closed
in 1966. A small percentage of the wastes were hazardous or radioactive and included laboratory
debris, equipment, clothing, animal carcasses, and sanitary wastes. Sewage sludge was disposed of
periodically. The current landfill began operating in 1967, accepting garbage, other solid waste, and
building materials. Limited quantities of low-level radioactive materials were accepted until 1978.
At the HWMF, drum rinsing and spills of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contaminated some
groundwater. Monitoring indicates that the leading edge of this plume remains well within the site.
Approximately 15,500 people draw drinking water from BNL wells and from Suffolk County Water
Authority wells within 3 miles of BNL. A nearby freshwater wetland is the headwaters of the
Peconic River, on BNL property 1,500 feet upgradient of the former landfill. Surface water within 3
miles downstream of the site is used for recreation.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/13/89
Final Date: 11/21/89
43
April 1991
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Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater and soil are contaminated with VOCs, radioactive materials
including strontium-90 and tritium, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
Contaminated wells have been closed, reducing the potential for drinking polluted water.
On-site wetlands are upstream from the landfill and, therefore, probably are not
threatened by the contaminants.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the landfill,
the entire site (phases to be determined), and the Army responsibility areas.
Response Action Status
Landfill: Air spray aeration treatment, which consisted of pumping the groundwater and
evaporating the volatile contaminants in air, has been halted due to air permit issues.
Scoping activities for the site investigation to determine the nature and extent of the
contamination are underway. The initial investigations will address contamination and cleanup
strategies for the former landfill and the ash disposal areas. These investigations are scheduled to
commence in 1991.
Entire Site: The DOE is studying the BNL facility to identify areas of concern and to
establish a phased approach to cleaning up the site. The study will be incorporated into
an investigation that will explore the nature and extent of the site's pollution problems and
will recommend the best strategies for final cleanup. A schedule for further studies and site cleanup
will be established when an Interagency Agreement between the EPA and the DOE is signed.
Army Responsibility Areas: In 1991, the Army is expected to begin an investigation
into the nature and extent of contamination under Consent Agreements with the EPA for
the Central Steam Facility, Reclamation Facility Building 650, Supply Wells 1 and 13,
and Leaking Sewer Pipes. When the investigation is completed, cleanup alternatives will be
recommended by the EPA.
Site Facts: The DOE and the EPA are negotiating an Interagency Agreement (LAG) to incorporate
ongoing investigations currently being performed by the DOE.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Brookhaven National Lab site on the NPL, the EPA performed a preliminary
evaluation and determined that no immediate actions were required to make the site safer while
investigations into a permanent cleanup remedy are taking place.
April 1991 44 BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL
LABORATORY (USDOE)
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BYRON BARREL
AND DRUM
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980780670
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 30
Genesee County
9 miles north of Batavia
The Byron Barrel and Drum site occupies about 2 acres of an 8-acre parcel. It contains an
abandoned gravel pit and formerly was used as a salvage yard for heavy construction equipment. In
1982, it was revealed that the site had been used for hazardous waste disposal. Approximately 200
drums of solid and liquid chemical wastes were abandoned on the site without any spill control or
containment provisions. Over 200 additional drums were ripped or crushed, mixed with soil, and
covered over. Other drums were disposed of in a ravine. Testing by the New York State
Department of Environmental Conservation showed hazardous, reactive, and flammable materials as
well as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in many of the drums. The site is bordered by heavily
wooded areas and is next to farmlands. Surface water is believed to drain to Oak Orchard Creek,
which is within 1/2 mile of the site. The property lies within 2 miles of a residential area.
Approximately 20 people draw drinking water from wells within 1 mile of the site; 2,200 others live
within a 3-mile radius. Water supplies are privately provided and use both surface water and
groundwater. When residential wells near the site were tested in 1986, they were found to be free of
site-related contaminants.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater and soil are contaminated with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and heavy metals. Although on-site groundwater is contaminated, it does
not pose a threat to people under the existing site conditions.
45
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: emergency actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Emergency Actions: In 1984, EPA emergency workers removed more than 200 drums
and 40 cubic yards of contaminated soils and debris from the site and disposed of them at a
federally regulated hazardous waste disposal facility. They also installed a monitoring
well, sampled soils, and tested nearby private wells. In 1990, during an EPA site inspection, 10
additional drums were found and disposed of.
Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy for this site that features both soil and
groundwater cleanup including: flushing contaminants from the subsurface soil while
leaving it in place, and evaporating volatile groundwater contaminants by air stripping and
then decontaminating the vapors with activated carbon. The potentially responsible parties
submitted an engineering design to the EPA for review in 1990. Cleanup activities at the site are
scheduled to begin in 1992.
Site Facts: The EPA issued an Administrative Order in 1984, requiring the property owner to take
immediate corrective actions to clean up the site. The owner did not comply with the order. In
1989, the EPA issued a Unilateral Administrative Order in which the potentially responsible parties
agreed to perform the engineering design and the cleanup of the site.
Environmental Progress
The emergency drum and soil removal actions described above greatly reduced the potential for
exposure to hazardous substances at the Byron Barrel and Drum site while further studies and design
of the final cleanup activities continue.
April 1991 46 BYRON BARREL AND DRUM
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C & J DISPOSAL
LEASING CO. DUIV
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD981561954
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 27
Madison County
Eaton
Site Description
Although the 1/10-acre C & J Disposal site was never licensed as a landfill for waste disposal
purposes, C & J Leasing began using the abandoned railway bed adjacent to its property as an access
road and subsequently dumped drums of lead-based paints and other liquid wastes directly onto the
ground on State-owned land. The amount of material disposed of is unknown. The company also
left between 75 and 100 drums at the site, which were observed lying in a pool of stagnant waste in a
trench. The trench subsequently was covered with fill, and it is believed that the drums were buried
in the process. The property owner, C & J Leasing, excavated some of the waste in 1989 without
authorization. Some or all of the drums may have been removed at this time and disposed of offsite.
Approximately 2,400 people live within 3 miles of the site, and the surrounding area is rural. The
site drains to a wetland that ultimately discharges to Woodman Pond, located 3,000 feet south of the
site. Woodman Pond, which provided drinking water to an estimated 3,800 people until 1989, now
serves as the backup water supply for Hamilton Village. As many as 3,000 people are served by
private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
Sediments from a pond downstream of the dump area are contaminated with plastics.
Sediment samples collected on site and surface water samples collected from Woodman
Pond contained low levels of a variety of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
compounds. On-site soils are contaminated with various PAHs and other aromatic
compounds. Potential health threats include drinking of or direct contact with potentially
contaminated surface water and possible exposure through eating fish or other aquatic
life that could be contaminated. If contaminants migrate to agricultural areas near the
site, there may be a risk associated with eating foods grown there. Drainage of chemicals
from the disposal area threatens Woodman Pond and an ecological preserve known as
Fiddlers Green.
47
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a single long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In late 1990, the EPA upgraded site security measures at this
site and conducted additional sampling.
Entire Site: The EPA completed an investigation of the site in early 1991. The
remedy selected includes removal and off-site disposal of contaminated soil and debris
at an EPA-approved landfill. This is expected to be carried out by spring 1992. The
EPA also has selected a contingency remedy where the soil and debris may be removed from the
site and then thermally treated to remove the contaminants.
Site Facts: The EPA issued an Administrative Order in May 1989 to prevent further
unauthorized excavation at the site by the potentially responsible parties.
Environmental Progress
Upgrading site security has limited the potential for local residents and the environment to be
exposed to contaminants while the cleanup is being planned for the C&J Disposal site.
April 1991 48 C&J DISPOSAL LEASING CO. DUMP
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CARROLL AND DUBIES
SEWAGE DISPOS
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD010968014
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 22
Orange County
1 mile northeast of Port Jervis
Site Description
The Carroll and Dubies Sewage Disposal site is made up of several active and inactive lagoons used
for disposal of various wastes since the 1960s. Until 1979, waste from two nearby cosmetic
manufacturers was deposited into two unlined lagoons. Septic tank waste also was accepted at the
site. The inactive lagoons have been filled, covered, and graded. The two open inactive lagoons are
fenced. Piles of deteriorating debris and abandoned motor vehicles remain on site. Approximately
2,000 residents live within a mile of the site. The nearest homes are about 1/4 mile southeast of the
site. A steep slope, woods, a marsh, and open areas surround the facility. The City of Port Jervis is
supplied with water from several reservoirs more than a mile upstream from the site. Homes near
the site rely on private wells. Approximately 1,500 feet to the east of the site is Cold Creek, which
lies between the site and the Neversink River.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being add essed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals including chromium and lead, as
well as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Lagoon liquids and sediments contain
heavy metals including cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, and nickel; VOCs; polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); and a plastics by-product, phthalates. Potential threats to
human health include drinking contaminated groundwater, accidentally ingesting or
coming in direct contact with contaminated lagoon liquids or lagoon sediments, and
inhaling vapors from the active lagoon.
49
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the
entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA began an investigation into the nature and extent of the
contamination at the site in 1989, which was taken over by potentially responsible
parties in 1990. The investigation will define the contaminants and will recommend
alternatives for the final cleanup. This investigation is scheduled for completion in late 1992.
Site Facts: The EPA and two parties potentially responsible for the site contamination entered
into an Administrative Order on Consent requiring the parties to conduct a study into the nature
and extent of site contamination.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Carroll and Dubies Sewage Disposal site while
further investigations are conducted, which will lead to the selection of final cleanup activities.
April 1991 50 CARROLL AND DUBIES SEWAGE DISPOSAL
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CIRCUITRON
CORPORATION
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD981184229
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
Farmingdale
Site Description
Circuitron Corporation manufactured circuit boards on this 1-acre site from 1981 to 1986. The site
is in a densely populated industrial and commercial area of Long Island. The property is owned by
82 Milbar Boulevard Corporation. Circuitron was a subsidiary of FEE Industries, which ADI
Electronics, Inc. bought in 1984. The circuit board process at the facility included drilling,
screening, plating, and scrubbing processes, all of which generated chemical wastes. Wastes were
reportedly placed in aboveground and underground tanks and storm drains. Thousands of gallons of
plating wastes were discharged to an underground leaching pool that was licensed under the State
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (SPDES) and to an unauthorized leaching pool beneath the
floor of the plating room. In 1986, the company vacated the facility. In 1987, the EPA found
potentially explosive conditions at the site. Over 100 drums, most unmarked, were left throughout
the building. Incompatible and reactive wastes were not segregated. Some drums were marked
sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and caustic soda. Other smaller containers were
scattered outside. Six concrete holding tanks containing unknown materials were below the floor
and three aboveground storage tanks were behind the building. An important source of water for
residents and industry lies under the site. Located within 3 miles of the site is a residential
community of approximately 215,000 people; approximately 1,200 people live within 1 mile.
Fifteen municipal wells serving local residents are also located within 3 miles of the site and serve
88,000 people. The nearest well is located within 1,306 feet of the site and is in the path of the
groundwater flow. A shallow well, which could be used for drinking water, has been closed since
1978 due to contamination.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, soils, and sediments in the leaching pools are contaminated with heavy
metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This site is a potential health concern
because of the possibility of exposure to hazardous substances through accidental
ingestion or direct contact with contaminated groundwater, soils, or sediments.
51
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: emergency actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of soil, sediments, and building dust and cleanup of the groundwater.
Response Action Status
Emergency Actions: In 1987, the EPA initiated an emergency removal of some of the
more than 100 chemical containers and storage tanks on site. In 1988, the EPA conducted
another emergency cleanup action to sample and remove the approximately 20 drums, 3
aboveground tanks, 7 underground storage tanks, 2 below-surface treatment basins, and several
leaching basins still on site. The cleanup action involved consolidating the various waste streams,
removing the tanks located at the rear of the property, and removing contaminated debris inside the
building. In the end, 100 cubic yards of contaminated soil and debris, 50 drums of hazardous liquid,
and an additional 2,000 to 3,000 gallons of tanked hazardous liquids were removed and properly
disposed of off site.
Soil, Sediments, and Building Dust: An investigation of the site was completed in
early 1991. The EPA selected a remedy in spring 1991 to address contamination in the
soil, sediments, and building dust. The remedy includes excavating the contaminated
sediments from the leaching pools, cesspools, and storm drains and treating and disposing of them
off site. Dust from the building also will be removed, treated, and disposed of off site.
Contaminated soils will be treated by in-place vapor extraction. This process involves placing a
cover over the soil and applying a vacuum, which pulls VOCs out of the spaces between soil
particles. The design of the technologies to be used in the remedy is scheduled to begin fall 1991.
Groundwater: An investigation to determine the nature and exent of the contamination
in the groundwater is expected to begin in late 1991.
Environmental Progress
The emergency actions taken to remove hazardous materials have eliminated the potentially
explosive conditions and reduced the potential for exposure to contamination at the Circuitron
Corporation site. The remedy has been selected to clean up the soil, sediments, and building dust,
with the design phase of the remedy and a separate investigation of the groundwater scheduled to
begin soon.
April 1991 52 CIRCUITRON CORPORATION
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CLAREMONT
POLYCHEMICAL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD002044584
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Nassau County
Old Bethpage
Site Description
Claremont Polychemical, situated on an 8-acre site, is a former manufacturer of pigments for plastics
and inks that operated from 1966 to 1980. During its operation, Claremont Polychemical
Corporation disposed of liquid wastes in three leaching basins and deposited solid wastes and
treatment sludges in drums or in old, aboveground metal tanks. During a series of inspections in
1979, the Nassau County Department of Health (NCDH) found 2,000 to 3,000 drums containing
inks, resins, and organic solvents throughout the site. Some of the drums were uncovered, while
others reportedly were leaking or lying on their sides. NCDH inspectors noted that an area east of
the building was contaminated with organic solvents that resulted from accidental spills and
discharges. Claremont sorted and removed the drums from the site in 1980. A subsequent
investigation by NCDH revealed most of the drums were gone, but an area of soil was visibly
contaminated with inks and solvents. As a result, Claremont was directed to install groundwater
monitoring wells. Since Claremont declared bankruptcy in 1980, ownership of the site and
management of cleanup activities shifted to the New York Bankruptcy Court. The closest residences
are located approximately 1/2 mile from the site. Approximately 47,000 people draw drinking water
from wells located within 3 miles of the site. The nearest public water supply well is 3,500 feet
northwest of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL USTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
On-site soils and shallow groundwater are contaminated with heavy metals including
aluminum, arsenic, copper, and lead; volatile organic compounds (VOCs);
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); phenols; and plastic by-products, called phthalates.
Residents could be exposed to contaminants while drinking or coming in direct contact
with affected water should the contaminants move into the public drinking water system.
A considerable amount of trespassing has occurred in the past, possibly exposing
trespassers to contaminants by direct contact. Currently, the site is fenced, and access to
the site is restricted to EPA-authorized personnel.
53
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial
phases focusing on the removal and disposal of hazardous materials and on soil and groundwater
cleanup.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The EPA removed 13,000 gallons of hazardous liquid wastes and
built a fence around the site from 1988 to 1989.
Removal and Disposal of Hazardous Materials: The cleanup strategies chosen by
the EPA include: (1) compatibility testing and consolidation of over 700 containers (drums
and bags) of raw materials, process wastes, and finished products currently s.tored on site;
(2) transporting both organic and inorganic wastes to an off-site treatment, storage, and disposal
facility; (3) using appropriate treatments to reduce the toxicity, mobility, and volume of the wastes
before landfilling; and (4) handling wastes contained in aboveground tanks and treatment basins in a
similar fashion. Cleanup activities were completed in 1990.
Soil and Groundwater Contamination: In 1990, the EPA completed an
investigation into the nature and extent of soil and groundwater contamination. The
remedy selected includes extracting and treating the groundwater by air stripping and
carbon absorption and then reinjecting the treated water into the ground. Underground storage tanks,
associated equipment, and tank contents will be excavated, removed, and treated or disposed of off
site. Approximately 1,600 cubic yards of contaminated soil will be excavated and treated by low
heat to enhance the volatization of the contaminants. The treated soil will be deposited in the
excavated areas. Highly contaminated soil will be excavated, treated, and disposed of off site.
Buildings will be decontaminated by vacuuming and dusting the contaminated surfaces, and asbestos
insulation will be removed for off-site treatment and disposal. The design of the remedies is
underway and is scheduled to be completed in late 1992.
Environmental Progress
The immediate removal of hazardous liquids, the construction of a security fence, and the removal,
treatment, and disposal of hazardous wastes have reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous
materials at the Claremont Polychemical site while the design for cleanup of the soil and
groundwater contamination is underway.
April 1991 54 CLAREMONT POLYCHEMICAL
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CLOTHIER DISPOS
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYD000511576
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 29
Oswego County
Granby
Other Names:
PAS Clothier Site
Site Description
The Clothier Disposal site is a 15-acre privately owned dump site, 6 acres of which were used from
the early 1970s to 1984 to dispose of demolition debris, household wastes, junk vehicles, and
approximately 2,200 drums of hazardous chemical waste from Pollution Abatement Services, Inc.
(PAS). In 1971, the owner applied for a landfill permit, which was denied later that year. In 1973,
the Oswego County Health Department observed drums containing various amounts of waste from
PAS at the site and reported it to State authorities. In 1985, the New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation implemented a staging and sampling plan to characterize the wastes
and drum contents before disposal. During these activities, it was discovered that approximately 80
drums were falling apart; these drums had to be placed in new containers immediately. It was also
reported that prior to staging and sampling, up to 90 drums had already fallen apart and leaked onto
the ground. Approximately 160 people live within a 1-mile radius, with the nearest residence
located 2,000 feet from the site. Residents in the area rely on private wells for drinking water. A
wetland passes through the site to the west of the area used for waste disposal. Ox Creek flows
through the site, feeding into the Oswego River, and a portion of the site is located within a 100-
year flood plain.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is polluted with heavy metals including cadmium, chromium, and
manganese, as well as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The sediments are
contaminated with barium, also a heavy metal. The soil is contaminated with
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and VOCs. People who accidentally ingest or come
into direct contact with contaminated soil, groundwater, or sediments may be at risk.
55
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
~^f Initial Actions: During 1986, drums were moved to a centralized location. A
£r number of parties potentially responsible for site contamination subsequently removed
Sa' 1,858 drums of waste. In 1987 and 1988, the EPA removed the remaining drums and
the visibly contaminated soil and debris associated with the drums.
Entire Site: The selection of cleanup activities for the site includes: (1) placement of
a 1-foot soil cover over the contaminated areas and regrading and revegetation of the
site; (2) installation of erosion control devices, as needed, on the embankment sloping
towards Ox Creek to prevent soil erosion; (3) construction and post-construction air monitoring;
(4) controls preventing the use of underlying groundwater or any land use involving significant
disturbance of the soil cover; and (5) long-term groundwater, soil, sediment, and surface water
monitoring. Groundwater, surface water, and sediment samples collected from the site and the
adjacent wetland in 1988 showed that significant contamination has occurred, which can be
related to the site. Long-term monitoring of groundwater, surface water, and sediment will
continue. The selected cleanup actions are being designed; actual cleanup is scheduled to begin
in mid-1991 and to be completed in fall 1991.
Site Facts: In 1986, a Consent Order was signed with potentially responsible parties requiring
them to dispose of a number of drums in an approved landfill. In 1989, the parties signed a
Consent Decree to design the remedy and conduct cleanup activities.
Environmental Progress
The initial drum removal actions described above have reduced the potential for exposure to
contaminated materials at the Clothier Disposal site while further studies and the cleanup design
are taking place.
April 1991
56 CLOTHIER DISPOSAL SITE
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COLESVILLE
MUNICIPAL
LANDFILL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980768691
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 28
Broome County
Colesville
The 30-acre Colesville Municipal Landfill site was owned and operated by the Town of Colesville
from 1965 until 1969, when ownership was transferred to Broome County. The landfill accepted
about 9,000 tons of municipal refuse each year. From 1973 to 1975, industrial wastes such as
organic solvents, dyes, and metals were deposited on the site. Two streams collect drainage from
the landfill and empty into the Susquehanna River. The New York State Department of Health
inspected the site in 1984 and determined the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the
groundwater. Approximately 1,900 people live within 3 miles of the site and depend on private
wells as their source of drinking water. The closest residence is 300 feet from the site. The area is
rural and woodlands surround the landfill. The Susquehanna River is used for fishing and
recreational activities.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Private wells, sediments, soil, and leachate draining from the landfill are contaminated
with VOCs. People who come in direct contact with or drink contaminated well water or
soil may be at risk. Leachate drains into two on-site streams, which are tributaries of the
Susquehanna River. Although the river is not used as a source of drinking water, it is
used for fishing and recreation. Deer and wild turkeys forage for food on the site, and
people who eat these animals, which may contain bioaccumulated contaminants, may
suffer adverse health effects.
57
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: an initial action and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Action: The County is providing residents with bottled water or activated
charcoal filters for contaminated private wells and is monitoring the wells quarterly.
Entire Site: In spring 1991, the EPA selected a remedy for cleaning up the site which
includes capping the landfill to reduce the movement of soil contaminants; installing a
leachate collection system; air stripping groundwater and decontaminating the vapors with
carbon adsorption; and constructing and operating a new water supply system for affected residents.
The potentially responsible parties began the engineering design for the remedy in spring 1991
under State monitoring. Cleanup activities are expected to begin in 1992.
Site Facts: The parties potentially responsible for contamination at the site and the State of New
York signed a Consent Order in 1987. Under this order, the parties will evaluate the nature and
extent of contamination at the site and will conduct design and cleanup activities under State
supervision.
Environmental Progress
The provision of bottled water and charcoal filters has reduced the risk of exposure to contaminated
groundwater at the Colesville Landfill site while final cleanup remedies are being designed and
cleanup activities are started.
April! 991 58 COLESVILLE MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
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CONKLIN
DUMPS
NEW YORK
EPA I D#NYD981486947
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 28
Broome County
Conklin
The Conklin Dumps site consists of two inactive landfills located on a 619-acre parcel of land. The
Town of Conklin owned and operated these landfills from 1964 to 1975. The lower landfill, which
operated from 1964 to 1969, consists of three trenches where some industrial and chemical wastes
may have been deposited. The upper landfill operated from 1969 until it closed in 1975. Most of
the wastes deposited in this landfill were placed in six unlined cells. Additional waste material was
piled on the cells. The majority of the waste is municipal solid waste, although some industrial and
chemical wastes may have been deposited. Testing conducted by Broome County found the
groundwater to be contaminated with heavy metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Leachate from the landfills drains into Carlin Creek, a tributary of the Susquehanna River.
Approximately 700 people live within 1 mile of the site. The closest residents live 1/4 mile from the
landfill boundary. Approximately 2,000 people depend on wells within 3 miles of the site for their
drinking water. The area immediately surrounding the landfills is proposed for development as an
industrial park. The U.S. Department of the Interior has designated a large wetland on the site as an
important biological resource.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and municipal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/01/86
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
m
Groundwater and leachate from the landfills contain various VOCs and heavy metals. If
contaminants seep from the landfills into the wetlands area, environmental damage could
result. People who come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated
groundwater or leachate may be at risk.
59
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the
entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: Under State supervision, the Town of Conklin, the party potentially
responsible for site contamination, conducted a study to determine the nature and extent of
contamination at the site and to identify cleanup alternatives. The study was completed in
early 1991. In spring 1991, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site, which includes capping
the landfill, pumping and collecting leachate and treating the leachate off site at the publicly owned
treatment works or on site if the off-site treatment is not feasible. The Town began designing the
cleanup strategies in the spring of 1991.
Site Facts: The State of New York signed a Consent Order with the Town of Conklin for cleanup
in 1987.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Conklin Dumps site while design activities leading to
final cleanup actions are taking place.
April 1991
60
CONKLIN DUMPS
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CORTESE
LANDFILL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980528475
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 22
Sullivan County
Tusten
Other Names:
Tusten Landfill
Site Description
The 4-acre Cortese Landfill site was operated from 1970 to 1981 by the John Cortese Construction
Company, receiving primarily municipal wastes at a rate of 3,000 cubic yards each year. In addition,
industrial wastes including waste solvents, paint thinners, paint sludges, and waste oils were
disposed of at the landfill in 1973. Approximately 3,000 drums are estimated to be on the site. The
State has found groundwater and surface water to be contaminated with volatile organic chemicals
(VOCs) and heavy metals. A municipal water supply well is located about 1,500 feet from the site.
Although it is not contaminated, the well has been taken out of service as a precautionary measure.
The former operator and the Town of Tusten each own part of the property. Approximately 550
people live within 1 mile of the site. Five homes are located about 400 feet away from the landfill.
The Delaware River, classified by the National Park Service as a Wild and Scenic River, is located
450 feet from the landfill and is used for fishing and recreational activities.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, surface water in the Delaware River, and leachate from the on-site
pond are contaminated with various VOCs and heavy metals. Because the municipal
water well closest to the site was taken out of service as a precaution, and there are no
private water wells in the area, there is little chance that people would drink or come in
direct contact with contaminated groundwater. People who trespass on the site and come
in direct contact with or accidentally ingest the contaminated waste or leachate in the
collection pond may suffer adverse health effects. In addition, if contaminants drain from
the landfill into the Delaware River, people who use the river for recreational activities
may be at risk. Fish from the river may accumulate contaminants and, if eaten, pose a
health threat.
61
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the
entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The potentially responsible parties, under EPA monitoring, are conducting
an investigation to determine the nature and extent of groundwater, surface water, and soil
contamination. Once the investigation is completed in 1992, alternatives to address the
cleanup will be recommended, and the EPA will select the most appropriate remedies for cleanup of
the site.
Site Facts: In 1985, the State signed a Consent Order with a potentially responsible party, SCA
Services, Inc., which had transported wastes to the site. The order requires SCA to undertake a
study of contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA perfonned preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Cortese Landfill site while further studies and plans for
cleanup activities are taking place.
April 1991 62 CORTESE LANDFILL
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ENDICOTT
WELL FIELD
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980780746
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 28
Broome County
Endicott
Other Names:
Ranney Well
The 100-acre Endicott Village Well Field site consists of a water supply well (Ranney Well) and the
groundwater around it, the Endicott Sewage Treatment Plant, the open land area associated with the
En-Joie Golf Club, the Erie-Lackawanna Railroad tracks, two small landfills, and the Endicott
Landfill, which is identified as the probable source of contamination. After a 1981 chemical spill,
the Ranney Well was sampled and was found to contain vinyl chloride and trace amounts of other
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Endicott Public Works Department sampled and
eventually closed the Ranney Well. The Village operates four wells for 45,000 people, and the
Ranney Well supplies approximately half of the total drinking water of the system.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs as a result of chemical spills near the
Ranney Well. Golf course ponds contain elevated levels of various VOCs. The major
health threats from the Endicott Well Field site are drinking contaminated water from the
well or using the water for bathing; direct contact with polluted water from the
Susquehanna River, Nanticoke Creek, and golf course ponds; eating fish contaminated by
the chemicals in the river or creek; inhaling the air coming from the aeration of wells;
and direct contact with leachate seeps. The Susquehanna River and Nanticoke Creek,
which run along either side of the site, as well as the golf course ponds, are prone to
flooding, which could lead to the accumulation of contaminants in the water and in the
sediments.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four stages: initial actions and three long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the public water supply, cleanup of the entire site, and containment of the
groundwater plume.
63
April 1991
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Response Action Status
Initial Action: An aeration system was installed in the well to reduce vinyl chloride
levels. Subsequent actions undertaken included the installation of monitoring wells and a
purge well between the Ranney Well and the Endicott Landfill, so the well could be used
again. In addition, a fence was erected around the Ranney Well as an additional security measure.
Public Water Supply: The EPA selected the following methods for cleanup of the
public water supply: installing and operating an air stripper to remove VOCs from the
well; treating contaminated groundwater, with discharge to the Village of Endicott
Municipal Water Distribution System; continue operating an existing purge well located between
the well and the Endicott Landfill; groundwater monitoring; and operation and maintenance of the
site after cleanup is completed. Construction of the air stripper is completed, and the air stripper is
scheduled for start-up in mid-1991.
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination have begun a
site investigation and are determining possible alternative cleanup remedies to restore the
aquifer and to identify and control the surface sources of contamination. Studies were
undertaken in two phases. The first phase resulted in an interim remedy, described below. Before a
final remedy can be selected, further study of site contamination is required. This study is
scheduled to be completed in late 1992.
R0°|>, Groundwater Plume Contaminant: In 1991, based on Phase I studies of the entire
site, an interim remedy was selected, which includes: upgrading the existing purge well
system installed during the initial action, installing and operating an additional purge well
to intercept the contamination plume, implementing a purge well monitoring program, and
performing a detailed aquifer pump test.
Site Facts: In 1988, a Consent Order was signed with three of the parties potentially responsible
for site contamination to perform a study to determine the source and extent of the aquifer
contamination. A Consent Decree also was signed to perform the cleanup of the well field.
Environmental Progress
Initial actions taken to treat the groundwater reduced the risk of exposure to contaminants through
the water supply. After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations
and determined that with site security measures in place, no other immediate actions were required
at the Endicott Village Well Field site while further investigations and cleanup activities, including
construction of an air stripper, are underway.
ApriM991 64 ENDICOTT VILLAGE WELL FIELD
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FACET
ENTERPRISES, INC.
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD0736755U
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 34
Chemung County
Elmira Heights
From 1929 to 1976, the 39-acre Facet Enterprises, Inc. site was owned and operated by the Bendix
Corporation, which manufactured various products including bicycle parts, automobile engine
components, and small arms during World War n. In 1976, Facet Enterprises, Inc. was created to
cany on the manufacturing of engine components. In 1990, Facet Enterprises, Inc. changed its name
to the Purolator Products Company. Facet Enterprises, Inc., however remains the site name.
Disposal of waste materials on the plant property is known to have occurred since at least the 1940s
through 1978. The site contains numerous disposal areas, including three dump sites and two open
sludge disposal areas. Wastes disposed of at the site include cyanide salts, heavy metal sludges,
spent solvents, and various oils. In addition to the five known disposal areas, the open, flat area to
the northwest of Plant 2 has been used for material storage throughout the plant's operating history.
On-site disposal of wastes was discontinued by Facet in 1978. The site is adjacent to a residential
area and is less than 200 feet from the nearest home. Nearby wells, which supply drinking water for
more than 10,000 people, have been closed due to pollution by trichloroethylene (TCE). There are
approximately 1,000 people living within a 1/4-mile radius of the site, and six schools are located
within a mile of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
IT
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and petroleum were detected in on-site monitoring
wells and surface water, and the Elmira Water Board Sullivan Street public water supply
wells have been polluted by TCE. Heavy metals were found in the ditch sediments in
1981. Sampling has detected heavy metals and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the
soil on site as well as in surface soils at an oil lagoon. A sample of sludge taken from the
inactive sludge disposal area showed elevated levels of the heavy metals cadmium,
chromium, and copper. Nearby wells have been closed due to the TCE contamination,
thereby reducing the potential for individuals to drink the contaminated water. However,
individuals drinking the polluted groundwater from either the Facet's process well or the
Elmira Water Board's Sullivan Street supply wells may be at risk. People coming in
direct contact with surface water and sediments in the ditches may also be at risk, and
runoff from the site to the ditches may be threatening the area creeks.
65
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: Under EPA monitoring, Facet initiated a hydrogeological investigation of
the site in 1983, which confirmed groundwater contamination. In 1988, Facet and Allied
initiated an investigation to determine the extent of contamination at the site and to
identify alternative technologies for the cleanup. Based on a review of this study, the EPA
determined that additional field work was needed to determine the extent to which the disposal areas
have contributed to the groundwater contamination. Based on these investigations, Purolator
Products prepared an assessment of site risks in 1991. The EPA expects that all studies will be
completed, and a remedy will be selected in 1992. In addition, Purolator Products will be excavating
a series of test trenches at four of the five disposal areas near Plant 2 to determine whether buried
drums are present. Excavated soil and any drum contents will be sampled for PCBs and other
hazardous wastes. Contaminated materials will be disposed of off site.
Site Facts: Facet signed a Consent Order in 1983 to conduct a hydrogeological investigation of the
site. Facet and Allied entered into an Administrative Order in 1986 to conduct an investigation,
under EPA monitoring, to determine the extent of the contamination and to identify alternative
technologies for the cleanup. The Facet Enterprises, Inc. site also is being investigated as a possible
source of contamination of the Kentucky Avenue Well Field, another NPL site.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that,
with nearby wells closed, no immediate actions were required at the Facet Enterprises, Inc. site while
further investigations are taking place.
April 1991 66 FACET ENTERPRISES, INC.
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FMC CORP.
(DUBLIN ROAD
LANDFILL)
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYD000511857
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 32
Orleans County
Towns of Ridgeway and Shelby
The 30-acre FMC Corp. (Dublin Road Landfill) site is an inactive waste site divided into two areas,
also known as the north and south parcels. Since 1933, approximately 4 to 6 acres of the south
parcel were used to dispose of metals, chlorinated organics, and insecticides. The site also contains
a waste pile area, a pond, a swampy area, and two inactive rock quarries. FMC stopped disposal
activity at the site in 1968. The south parcel of the site was used later for the disposal of coal ash
cinders, residue from lime sulfur filtration processing, and residues from pesticide production areas.
This area is fenced and posted with warning signs. The area surrounding the site is sparsely
populated. Approximately 100 people live within a 1/2-mile radius of the site. The site is bounded
by the New York State Barge Canal and Jeddo Creek, both of which are used for recreational
activities.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, waste pile area, swamp, pond, and quarry soils are contaminated with
heavy metals including lead, mercury, and arsenic, as well as a variety of phenols and
pesticides. The site poses a potential health threat to area residents who use private wells
located downstream from the site. People who use Jeddo Creek and the Barge Canal for
recreational purposes also may be at risk. Potential health threats include accidental
ingestion or direct contact with the contaminants. The potential exists for contaminants
to bioaccumulate in locally grown food products and in area fish and wildlife.
67
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination, under State
supervision, are studying the nature and extent of the groundwater, surface water, and soil
contamination at the site. The study will define the contaminants and will recommend
alternatives for the final cleanup. This study is scheduled to be completed in 1991. The EPA
currently is considering the most appropriate remedies for site cleanup and plans to begin treatability
studies to test treatment methods in 1991.
Site Facts: The State issued a Consent Order requiring the potentially responsible parties to conduct
an investigation into the nature and extent of contamination at the site, to monitor the movement of
contaminants, and to take necessary cleanup actions to address the site contamination.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that,
with site security measures in place, no immediate actions were required at the FMC Corp. (Dublin
Road Landfill) site while further studies into the final cleanup remedies take place.
April 1991 68 FMC CORP. (DUBLIN ROAD LANDFILL)
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FOREST GLEN
MOBILE HOME
SUBDIVISION
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD981560923
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 32
Niagara County
Niagara Falls
Other Names:
Forest Glen Mobile Home Park
The Forest Glen Mobile Home Subdivision site is an 11-acre mobile home park that previously was
used as a landfill for chemical wastes. Drums and other chemical wastes also were disposed of in
the adjacent areas of the trailer park. In 1980, soil contaminated with phenolic resins was shipped to
an off-site landfill for disposal. A synthetic plastic liner covers one of the spots where high
concentrations of contaminants were found. Approximately 150 people lived in the Forest Glen
Subdivision. The area surrounding the site is used for residential and commercial purposes. Vacant
land, which is heavily vegetated, is located to the north and east of the site. The mobile home park is
serviced by a public water system. East Gill Creek flows along the edge of the trailer park.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 08/16/89
Final Date: 11/21/89
Threats and Contaminants
Soils on site are contaminated with various phenolic resins. Soils contaminated
with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were found mainly in the eastern
portion of the site. There was a potential risk to human health from accidentally
ingesting or coming in direct contact with contaminated soils. Residents of the
trailer park could have been exposed to high levels of contamination through
normal work or play activities. There also is a potential for contamination of
public water supply lines resulting from the failure or corrosion of the pipes and
the interaction with buried chemicals. The trailer park floods during periods of
spring snowmelt, which presents a moderate potential for contaminants to move
to drainage ditches that surround the site.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on permanent relocation of the affected residents and cleanup of the entire site.
69
April 1991
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Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The EPA has permanently relocated 27 families, covered the site
with concrete, and placed a high-visibility fence around the contaminated areas. Two hot
spot areas were identified and were temporarily covered.
Permanent Relocation: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy for the site that involved
permanent relocation of site residents. The remedy also included a continuation of the
temporary relocation program, during the permanent relocation process. The relocation
process is expected to be completed in late 1991. A guard has been posted at the site 24 hours a day,
until all of the residents are relocated.
Entire Site: Field work to determine the extent and the source of contamination at the
site began in late 1990. Alternative cleanup technologies will be selected, based on the
results of this investigation. Work is scheduled for completion in early 1993.
Site Facts: Area residents are concerned about the potential health effects resulting from contact
with chemical contamination of site soils. The residents have asked the State to conduct a study of
the health effects on residents of the mobile park. The EPA issued an Administrative Order against
three potentially responsible parties, ordering them to perform the permanent relocation. The
effective date of the order was postponed because one of the panics brought up a technical issue
concerning hazardous substances at the site that the EPA needed to investigate.
Environmental Progress
The EPA began relocating affected families after adding the Forest Glen Subdivision site to the NPL
and has determined that it is not safe for families to return to the site. The permanent relocation of
families, in addition to the site security being directed by the EPA, is eliminating the potential for
exposure to hazardous materials at the site while the EPA cleans up the contamination.
April 1991 70 FOREST GLEN MOBILE HOME
SUBDIVISION
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FULTON TERMINAL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980593099
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 29
Oswego County
Fulton
Site Description
Up to 31,000 gallons of waste oils and sludges have been stored in tanks at the 1 1/2-acre Fulton
Terminals site, which is now inactive. From 1936 to 1960, the primary activity on the site was the
manufacturing of roofing materials, which involved the storage of asphalt in aboveground tanks and
fuel oil storage in underground tanks. From 1972 to 1977, the site was used as a staging and storage
area for materials scheduled for incineration at the Pollution Abatement Services site, which also is
on the NPL. From 1981 to 1983, Fulton Terminals removed several tanks as part of a voluntary
cleanup program. These activities ceased in 1983 after the facility was fined by the New York State
Department of Environmental Conservation for improper disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs). Oily material appeared to have spilled or leaked onto the ground. The site is in an urban
area, with approximately 13,000 people living within 3 miles. The site is within 50 feet of the
Oswego River, which is used by local fishermen.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, soil, and sediments are polluted with heavy metals including arsenic,
barium, chromium, and lead, as well as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Trespassers
face potential health threats in the event that direct contact with the contaminated soil or
groundwater occurs within the restricted site. Local residents use a municipal water
supply and therefore are not likely to come in contact with contaminants in the
groundwater. The Oswego River, adjacent to the site, is subject to contamination by
runoff from the site and poses potential health threats during recreational use of the
water.
71
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing on
cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Actions conducted in 1986 by the EPA and the parties potentially
responsible for the contamination consisted of building a 7-foot perimeter fence and
posting warning signs, removing two aboveground tanks and two underground tanks,
removing approximately 300 cubic yards of visibly contaminated soil and tar-like wastes, and
excavating storm drains that were acting as a conduit for contaminated runoff entering the Oswego
River during storms. An additional removal action in 1990 involved construction of earthen barriers
for the prevention of surface runoff from the contaminated portion of the site. As of 1990, all sludge
had been removed and transported to an approved disposal site. In addition, all tanks and visibly
contaminated soil had been removed from the site and disposed of at off-site facilities.
Entire Site: Actions selected by the EPA for site cleanup include low temperature
thermal extraction to remove VOC contaminants from soils and use of carbon adsorption
to collect the pollutants from the groundwater, followed by the reintroduction of treated
water into the groundwater system. The engineering design of the cleanup actions is scheduled to
begin in 1991 and is expected to be completed in early 1992.
Site Facts: In 1986, the potentially responsible parties signed a Consent Order requiring them to
perform removal activities. A Consent Decree was signed by the potentially responsible parties in
1990, in which they have agreed to perform the site cleanup as directed by the EPA.
Environmental Progress
Removing contaminated materials and restricting site access greatly reduced the potential for
exposure to contaminated runoff or hazardous materials from the site, pending the start of final
cleanup activities at the Fulton Terminals site.
Aprill 991 72 FULTON TERMINALS
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GE MOREAU
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980528335
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 24
Saratoga County
South Glens Falls
Other Names:
Caputo Disposal Site
Site Description
From 1958 to 1968, an evaporative pit at the 40-acre GE Moreau site received an estimated 452 tons
of waste material generated by the General Electric Company. The waste materials include
trichloroethylene (TCE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), spent solvents, oils, sludges, and other
miscellaneous wastes. In 1982, elevated levels of TCE were found in the on-site groundwater. Soils
were found to be contaminated with PCBs. Contaminated groundwater discharges at Reardon
Brook, which runs within 7,000 feet of the site and feeds the Village of Fort Edward reservoir.
Approximately 14,300 people are served by the groundwater system in this semi-rural area. Nearby
streams, rivers, and the reservoir, used as recreational areas, have been affected by the groundwater
contamination.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and surface water were contaminated with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs). The soil was contaminated with VOCs and PCBs. People could have been at
risk it they came in direct contact with or accidentally ingested contaminated soil or
water.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing on
cleanup of the entire site.
73
April 1991
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Response Action Status
Initial Actions: As a result of GE's testing program, activated carbon filter systems were
installed in homes contaminated with VOCs, as a temporary measure. GE performed
many other tasks, including installation of a permanent alternative water supply system for
approximately 100 homes, construction of a cap and slurry wall to contain contaminants at the
source, excavation of PCB-contaminated soil, and treatment of contaminated groundwater. In 1985,
GE installed treatment units in private wells downgradient of the site.
Entire site: The methods approved by the EPA to clean up the site include: (1) using the
slurry wall constructed around the disposal area in 1984 to contain the source of
groundwater contamination; (2) continuing to monitor 18 downgradient wells to determine
the effectiveness of the slurry wall and monitoring at 29 wells to determine if changes are occurring
in the size and direction of the plume; (3) continuing treatment of the plume where it exists at
Reardon Brook (water currently is treated by air stripping); (4) removing 8,600 cubic yards of PCB-
contaminated soil adjacent to the disposal site and placing the soil within the slurry wall; (5)
providing a public water supply for affected residences; and (6) reviewing the cleanup action at least
every five years to assure that human health and the environment are protected. Cleanup actions at
the site were completed in 1990. Monitoring will be continued to ensure the effectiveness of the
remedy.
Site Facts: The EPA filed a lawsuit against the Town of Moreau to gain access to property
controlled or owned by the Town so that GE could install water mains and provide individual
hookups to the Village of South Glens Falls public water system. The alternative water supply
system was completed in 1990.
Environmental Progress
All cleanup actions are completed at the GE Moreau site. The site no longer poses a threat to nearby
residents and the environment. GE and the EPA will continue to monitor the site for a five-year
period to assure the effectiveness of the cleanup remedies.
April 1991 74 GE MOREAU
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GENERAL
MOTORS (CE
FOUNDRY Dl
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD091972554
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 26
St. Lawrence County
Massena
Other Names:
G.M.-Massena
The 270-acre General Motors (Central Foundry Division) site originally was built to produce
aluminum cylinder heads for the Chevrolet Corvair and has been in operation since 1958. From
1959 to 1974, the plant used polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as a component of the hydraulic
fluids in its die casting process. GM no longer uses die casting in its processes. In the early 1960s,
GM installed a reclamation system to recover used hydraulic fluid. PCB sludges periodically were
landfilled in on-site areas and also remain in the bottoms of several lagoons. The site has received
approximately 850,000 cubic yards of PCB-contaminated material. It is divided into several areas
including the North Disposal Area, the East Disposal Area, and the Industrial Landfill. The landfill
was used for the disposal of foundry sand, excavated soil, and other solid industrial wastes. In 1971,
approximately 800,000 gallons of PCB-contaminated sludge were removed from the lagoon and
were deposited in the North Disposal Area. From 1973 to 1975, GM again removed PCB-
contaminated sludge from the lagoon and transferred it to a sludge settling basin in the East Disposal
Area. Prior to 1976, certain PCB-contaminated sludges from the wastewater treatment system were
placed in a ditch along a road leading to the industrial landfill area and several small pits located in
the East Disposal Area. Several of these small disposal pits were covered with soil, while others
remain open. The site is bordered by the St. Lawrence River, the St. Regis Mohawk Reservation, the
Raquette River, the Reynolds Metals Company, and the St. Lawrence Seaway Development
Corporation. The St. Regis Mohawk Indians live adjacent to the plant. The City of Cornwall,
Ontario, with approximately 50,000 residents, is 2 miles north across the river, and the Village of
Massena, with a population of 13,000, is located 7 miles to the east.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL USTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/01/83
Final Date: 09/01/84
75
April 1991
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Threats and Contaminants
PCBs were found in several monitoring wells on the eastern side of the facility and in
on-site soil and sediment samples from the St. Lawrence River. Volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and phenols were found in groundwater directly under the site
and off site. The consumption of fish or wildlife from contaminated areas is of
special concern because of the proximity of the Mohawk Indian Reservation. Fishing
is restricted by the State Health Department and the Indian Reservation
Administration. Runoff potentially threatens the Raquette River, the St. Lawrence
River, and the St. Regis Indian Reservation, all located about 1,000 feet from the site.
Individuals ingesting or coming in direct contact with contaminated surface water,
groundwater, soil, sludges, or sediments potentially are at risk. Residential and public
water supply systems are not contaminated.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the nonh disposal areas, river sediments, lagoons, soils and groundwater and
cleanup of the industrial landfill and east disposal area.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: GM, under the EPA's monitoring, agreed to place a temporary cap
on the industrial landfill in 1987 to prevent the migration of contaminants from the
landfill.
North Disposal Areas, River Sediments, Lagoons, Soils, and Groundwater:
The final cleanup remedy that was selected by the EPA in 1990 includes dredging and
excavating contaminated materials, followed by on-site treatment and disposal of residual
contamination using biological treatment or other innovative technologies. Design of the remedy is
scheduled to begin in 1991 and is expected to be completed in 1992.
Industrial Landfill and East Disposal Area: A remedy to address these remaining
contaminated areas is scheduled to be selected in 1991, at which time the engineering
design of the remedy will begin.
Site Facts: The EPA and GM negotiated a Consent Order in 1985, requiring GM to conduct an
investigation into the type and extent of contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
By capping the industrial landfill area, the potential for further contamination of the General Motors
(Central Foundry Division) site and risk from exposure to hazardous materials have been reduced
while the selected final cleanup activities are being started.
April 1991 76 GENERAL MOTORS
(CENTRAL FOUNDRY DIVISION)
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GENZALE PLATI
COMPANY
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD002050110
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 05
Nassau County
Franklin Square on Long Island
The 1/2-acre Genzale Plating Company site comprises a two-story office/metal plating facility, two
on-site residences, and a backyard area, which contains leaching pits, storage buildings, and various
chemical storage facilities. Since 1915, the facility has electroplated small products such as
automobile antennas, parts of ball point pens, and bottle openers and is known to have discharged
wastewater containing heavy metals into three leaching pools at the rear of the site. This procedure
continued into the late 1950s, when the facility was connected to the municipal sewer system;
wastewater was then discharged into either the sewer system or the on-site leaching pits. In 1981,
the Nassau County Health Department ordered the company to stop the discharge, and the company
complied with this order. In 1983, the company hauled sludge from the pools and some
contaminated soil away from the site. The New York State Department of Environmental
Conservation (NYSDEC) conducted an investigation of the Genzale site in 1983 to determine the
potential threat to public health posed by potential off-site migration of contaminants into the
groundwater. As a result of this investigation, the site was added to the NPL. The site is situated in
a densely populated residential area. Soil on the site is permeable, thus threatening a Franklin Square
Water District well located 1,700 feet downgradient of the site. The district supplies water to
approximately 20,000 people. Another 32,000 people are supplied by West Hempstead-Hempstead
Water District wells within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/01/86
Final Date: 07/01/87
Threats and Contaminants
Chromium was detected in on-site groundwater, however, routine monitoring of
public water supplies in the area has not identified any drinking water
contamination. Soil is contaminated with heavy metals. The wastewater contains
high concentrations of several heavy metals, most notably nickel and chromium.
Since no drinking water contamination has been identified, the pathways of
concern are direct contact with on-site soil, sludge, and wastewater. The site is
above Long Island's sole-source aquifers for municipal and private water
supplies.
77
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the soils and groundwater and downgradient groundwater.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1989, the potentially responsible parties partially completed
backfilling the leaching pits with soils.
Site Soils and Groundwater: In 1988, the EPA initiated the first phase of an
investigation to develop data on the degree of contamination at the site and to determine
the nature and extent of the problem. Three clusters of groundwater monitoring wells, each
consisting of a shallow and deep well, were installed on the site. Two off-site monitoring wells were
installed downgradient of the site to determine whether there had been any off-site migration of
contaminants. In early 1991, a remedy was selected, which includes treating contaminated soils by
vacuum extraction, excavating the soils on the property and in the leaching pits and transporting
them off site for further treatment and disposal, and backfilling the excavated areas with clean soil.
Interim groundwater treatment involves pumping and treating the extracted groundwater by air
stripping. The treated water then will be reinjected into the ground. The design of the selected
remedies is expected to commence in 1991.
Downgradient Groundwater: Based on the results of the initial investigation, a
second investigation is being conducted to study off-site groundwater contamination
downgradient of the site and to develop and evaluate potential remedies to clean up this
contamination. The EPA plans to begin the investigation in 1991. This investigation is scheduled to
be completed in 1993.
Environmental Progress
The partial backfilling of the pits has reduced the threat of exposure to contaminants at the Genzale
Plating Company site while a selected final site remedy and an investigation into downgradient
groundwater contamination are being planned.
April 1991 78 GENZALE PLATING COMPANY
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GOLDISC
RECORDINGS
INC.
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD980768717
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
Holbrook
The Goldisc Recordings, Inc. site covers 6 acres on 34 acres of land in an industrial section of Long
Island. The company produced phonographic records from 1968 to 1983. Wastes generated at the
site include large quantities of nickel-plating wastes and hydraulic oil and lesser quantities of
solvents. Plating wastes were stored in aboveground storage tanks. On several occasions, the
Suffolk County Department of Health discovered chemical wastes in storm drains, holding ponds,
and an on-site dump. In addition, the County found Goldisc was discharging plating wastes into an
adjoining marsh. Contaminants have seeped into the aquifer beneath the site. Suffolk County found
that wastes containing nickel, copper, iron, cadmium, zinc, lead, and chromium were spilled or
leaked onto a paved area of the site. The former owner, First Holbrook Company, cleaned the on-
site holding ponds and installed monitoring wells. Approximately 19,500 people live within a mile
of the site; 70,500 people live within 3 miles. There also are several schools within a mile of the
site. Approximately 130 wells located within 3 miles of the site serve 71,000 people. A public
water supply well is 1,000 feet downgradient of the site. Groundwater is the only source of water
supply in the area.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as well as heavy
metals including chromium, nickel, and lead. Soil is contaminated with heavy metals
including copper, cadmium, and zinc. A waste holding pool on site, that has been
cleaned up, contained VOCs. Underground structures are contaminated with heavy
metals as well as various VOCs. People who drink the contaminated groundwater may
suffer adverse health effects. In addition, coming in direct contact with or accidentally
ingesting the soil may pose a health hazard. There is a potential threat to a nearby
wetlands area, the closest surface water discharge point to the site.
79
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: A study to determine the extent of groundwater, soil, and structure
contamination at the site is expected to be completed in 1992, at which time alternative
measures to clean up the site will be recommended and the final remedy for site cleanup
will be selected.
Site Facts: The State issued a number of Consent Orders to Goldisc Recordings, Inc. (also known
as ElectroSound Group) between 1979 and 1981 for violations of County and State health codes.
The company and the State signed a Consent Order in 1988 for ElectroSound Group, Inc. to conduct
a study, under State supervision, to measure the extent of contamination at the site. ElectroSound
did not complete the investigations described in the Consent Order.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Goldisc Recordings site while further investigations into
the selection of final cleanup actions are taking place.
April 1991 80 GOLDISC RECORDINGS. INC.
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GRIFFISS AIR
FORCE BASE
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NY4571924451
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 25
Oneida County
2 miles northeast of Rome
The Griffiss Air Force Base site, in operation since 1943, covers 110 acres on a 3,900-acre parcel of
land and is home to the 416th Bombardment Wing under the Strategic Air Command. Various
wastes, including solvents and lead from battery acids, were generated from research and
development activities in the industrial shops and laboratories. These wastes were disposed of in
landfills and dry wells. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been detected in groundwater on
the base. In 1985 and 1986, the Air Force removed several underground storage tanks and excavated
contaminated soil. Additional underground storage tanks were removed in 1988 and 1989. The Air
Force also modified a landfill cover. The area immediately surrounding the base is primarily
agricultural, with a few residential areas. The City of Rome is southwest of the base and has a
population of 50,000. About 95% of the local population obtains water from the municipal water
supply system. The source of this supply is surface water upstream from the base; however, some
private wells are used to irrigate crops. The Town of Floyd, a community of over 300 homes
southeast of the base, receives its water from private wells. The base is located in the Mohawk River
Valley and is situated between the Mohawk River, Six Mile Creek, and the New York State Barge
Canal (Erie Canal).
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 11/01/84
Final Date: 07/01/87
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with VOCs. Soil is contaminated with heavy metals
including lead, chromium, and barium, as well as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
Ethylene glycol has been found in Six Mile Creek. Private water wells are used for
irrigation and drinking water, and private wells in the Town of Floyd are contaminated
with VOCs and ethylene glycol. Contaminants may accumulate in food crops and pose a
health hazard to those who eat them. In addition, people who come in direct contact with
or accidentally ingest the contaminated soil may suffer adverse health effects. Leachate
from the base landfill has seeped into Six Mile Creek. These pollutants may be harmful
to wildlife and aquatic life.
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: an immediate action and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: As an interim action in 1990, the Air Force began providing bottled
water for residents affected by the contaminated wells and is planning for permanent
hookups to the municipal water supply by late 1991. Underground storage tanks were
removed from the base, and contaminated soil was excavated between 1985 and 1989.
Entire Site: Griffiss Air Force Base will conduct a study to determine the extent of
contamination to the groundwater, soil, and the rest of the base. Fifty-four areas of
concern have been identified, including landfills and dry wells. Once the study is
completed, cleanup measures will be recommended, and the EPA will select the most appropriate
remedies for site cleanup.
Site Facts: An Interagency Agreement between the EPA, the State, and Griffiss Air Force Base to
clean up the site was signed in June 1990. The public is especially concerned over the
contamination of the Floyd wells. The Air Force has agreed to provide bottled water and to fund
replacement municipal water. Griffiss Air Force Base is participating the Installation Restoration
Program, a specially funded program established by the Department of Defense (DoD) in 1978 to
identify, investigate, and control the migration of hazardous contaminants at military and other DoD
facilities.
Environmental Progress
The provision of safe drinking water has eliminated the potential of exposure to hazardous
substances in the water while studies into the nature and extent of contamination at Griffiss Air
Force Base are being completed and final cleanup remedies are being selected.
April 1991 82 GRIFFISS AIR FORCE BASE
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HAVILAND COMP
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980785661
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 24
Dutchess County
Town of Hyde Park
The 275-acre Haviland Complex site consists of a planned development that contains an apartment
complex, a junior high school, an elementary school, a shopping center, and a number of private
homes. In 1981, a local resident became concerned because his well water was foaming. The
Dutchess County Health Department found the septic and sewage systems of a nearby car wash and
laundromat had failed, contaminating the groundwater with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In
1982, the laundromat installed a sand filter and a new tile field to handle the laundry effluent. The
State also began an investigation and, in 1983, ordered the laundromat to disconnect the dry cleaning
unit from the septic system and to dispose of all spent cleaning fluids off site at a licensed disposal
facility. All residents in the area were advised to use bottled water. The wells servicing the
Haviland Apartments and the laundromat had water treatment units installed in 1984 and 1985 to
remove contaminants. Hyde Park has an estimated population of 21,000 people. Approximately
20% of the population are connected to a public sewer system, and over 50% are served by a public
or private water supply system. The remaining population, including the residences located on the
site, obtain water from residential wells. Groundwater discharges into Fall Kill Creek and to a
nearby wetland.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with various VOCs. Although some of the affected
residents have been using bottled drinking water since the contamination was discovered,
untreated water still is used for drinking water, as well as other purposes. Therefore,
people who come in direct contact with or accidentally drink the polluted water may be at
risk. Pollutants have not been found in Fall Kill Creek or the nearby wetlands.
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The State installed carbon adsorption units in seven homes in the
affected area to remove contaminants from the water.
Entire Site: In 1987, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the groundwater and soil,
which includes connecting the affected residences to the Harbour Hills water distribution
system, and extracting the groundwater and removing the contaminants by forcing a
stream of air through the water. The air will be further treated before its release into the atmosphere.
The treated water will be discharged into Fall Kill Creek. The EPA also will pump and clean out
contaminated materials from the local septic disposal systems. Once all of these measures have
been completed, the EPA will monitor the site to determine the effectiveness of the cleanup. The
EPA completed the cleanup of the septic systems in 1990. The design of the remedy for
groundwater contamination is expected to be finished in late 1991.
Environmental Progress
The installation of carbon units in homes affected by groundwater contamination and the completion
of the septic system cleanup have protected the residential water supplies and reduced health threats
from the Haviland Complex site while further cleanup activities are taking place.
April 1991 84 HAVILAND COMPLEX
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HERTEL LAN
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980780779
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 28
Ulster County
Plattekill
Other Names:
Environmental Landfills, Inc.
Dutchess Sanitation
Site Description
The 80-acre Hertel Landfill site is an inactive waste disposal area that was established in 1963 as a
municipal waste landfill. Ten acres of the land were used when the landfill was operating. In 1970,
Dutchess Sanitation Services, Inc. began hauling refuse from Dutchess County to the Hertel Landfill.
Dutchess Sanitation purchased the landfill in 1975. The Ulster County Department of Health
revoked the landfill permit in 1976 due to violations. Among them were allegations of illegal
industrial dumping. This action and a town ordinance prohibiting the dumping of out-of-town
garbage resulted in the permanent closing of the site in 1977. The State detected heavy metals and
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the groundwater. Approximately 1,350 people live within 3
miles of the landfill. There are about 500 people living within a mile of the site. Residents within
the area obtain their drinking water from individual wells. The site is situated in the valley of a
tributary to Black Creek and is surrounded by wetlands.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL USTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and surface water are contaminated with various VOCs, as well as
heavy metals including arsenic, chromium, iron, nickel, zinc, and lead. The type
and extent of soil contamination is unknown, but it is currently being investigated.
People may be at risk by coming in direct contact with or drinking contaminated
well water or accidentally ingesting contaminated soil. Pollutants are seeping into
the wetlands on the site, posing a possible threat to ecologically sensitive
resources, wildlife, or aquatic biota.
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA is studying the nature and extent of groundwater, surface water,
and soil contamination at the site. Once the study is completed, which is scheduled for
mid-1991, measures will be recommended for the site cleanup.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Hertel Landfill site while investigations leading to the
final selection of cleanup activities are taking place.
April 1991
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HERTEL LANDFILL
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HOOKER -
102ND STREET
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980506810
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 32
Niagara County
East of Griffin Park in Niagara Fails
Other Names:
102nd Street Landfill
The 102nd Street Landfill consists of two land parcels totalling 22 acres. Occidental Chemical
Corporation, formerly Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation, owns 15 acres, and the remaining
7 acres are owned by Olin Chemical Corporation. The site is located adjacent to the Niagara River
and south of the Love Canal. A portion of the filled area of the site is an extension of the original
Love Canal excavation. The larger portion of the landfill was operated from 1943 until 1971.
During that time, about 23,500 tons of mixed organic solvents, organic and inorganic phosphates,
and related chemicals were deposited at the landfill. Brine sludge, fly ash, electrochemical cell parts
and related equipment, and 300 tons of hexachlorocyclohexane process cake, including lindane,
were deposited at the site. The smaller portion of the site operated as a landfill from 1948 to about
1970, during which time 66,000 tons of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals were deposited. In
addition, about 20,000 tons of mercury brine and brine sludge, more than 1,300 tons of a mixture of
hazardous chemicals, 16 tons of mixed concrete boiler ash, fly ash, and other residual materials were
disposed of at the site. The landfill continues to discharge contaminants to the Niagara River. There
are 94 people living in the 1980 Love Canal Emergency Declaration Area located north of the site.
Griffin Park has been closed to the public. There is only limited residential development to the east
and west of the Love Canal Emergency Declaration Area.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene and
toluene; semi volatile organics such as chlorinated benzenes, phenols, and chlorophenols;
pesticides; chlorinated dioxins and furans; and heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium,
and mercury. Niagara River sediments contain semi-volatile organics, pesticides, and
mercury. Soils and fill contain VOCs, semi-volatile organics, pesticides, chlorinated
dioxins and furans, metals, and phosphorus. The storm sewer contains VOCs, semi-
volatile organics, pesticides, and mercury. On-site cleanup workers risk harmful
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exposure through accidental ingestion of contaminated soils; drinking groundwater; or
by inhaling and coming in direct contact with contaminated soils, groundwater, Niagara
River water, and sediments. People also may be at risk by eating contaminated fish from
the river. The most significant off-site health threat would be from contaminants that
become airborne during site work activities. There is no public access to the site.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two phases: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1972, the site was capped, a fence was erected on three sides,
and a bulkhead along the Niagara River was installed.
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for site contamination, under EPA and
State supervision, conducted an investigation into the nature and extent of contamination
at the site, including the landfill residues, off-site fill, shallow groundwater, liquid waste,
off-site soil, river sediments, and storm drains. The investigation was completed in 1990. In
September 1990, the EPA selected a remedy which includes the installation of a synthetic lined cap;
consolidation of off-site soils beneath the cap; surrounding the waste mass with a slurry wall;
dredging and incineration of highly contaminated sediments; dredging, dewatering and
consolidation, beneath the cap, of the remaining contaminated sediments; recovery and treatment of
groundwater; incineration of any recovered liquids; monitoring; and restricting access to the site by
installing additional fencing. Design of the remedy will begin in 1991.
Site Facts: In 1979, the U.S. Department of Justice, on behalf of the EPA, filed a law suit against
two parties potentially responsible for the site contamination to end the continuing discharges and to
clean up on- and off-site contamination. The parties, with EPA and State guidance, agreed to
conduct a study into the nature and extent of site contamination and to recommend alternatives for
site cleanup. The Canadian government has shown a special interest in the site, since it is located
near the Niagara River. Due to the site's proximity and relationship to the Love Canal site, the
selected remedy may be affected by the technologies being used to complete the Love Canal site
cleanup.
Environmental Progress
Fencing the site to restrict access, constructing a cap over the site, and installing the bulkhead
along the river to limit the migration of contaminants off site have limited the potential of
exposure to contaminants at the Hooker-102nd Street site. Design of the final cleanup remedies
is scheduled to begin in late 1991.
April 1991 88 HOOKER - 102ND STREET
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HOOKER -
HYDE PARK
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD000831644
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 32
Niagara County
Northwest of the City of Niagara Falls
Other Names:
Hyde Park Landfill
Hooker-Hyde Park is a 15-acre site that was used to dispose of approximately 80,000 tons of waste,
some of it hazardous material, from 1953 to 1975. The landfill is immediately surrounded by
several industrial facilities and property owned by the Power Authority for the State of New York.
The Niagara River, which flows into Lake Ontario, is located 2,000 feet northwest of the site.
Bloody Run Creek, the drainage basin for the landfill area, flows from the northwestern corner of
the landfill. The creek eventually flows into storm sewers and down the Niagara Gorge Face into
the Niagara River. The site is located a few blocks east of a 500-home residential community.
Approximately 3,000 people are employed by the industries near the site. All of the industries and
most of the residences are connected to a municipal water supply system. Three residences obtain
drinking water from private wells, but these residences are not believed to be in the path of
contaminated groundwater that is moving away from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contarr :nants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and dioxin
from former disposal activities. Bloody Run Creek sediments and surface water of the
Niagara Gorge Face also are contaminated with VOCs. Potential health threats include
inhaling, direct contact, and accidentally ingesting water from Bloody Run Creek and the
Niagara Gorge Face. Another possible threat would be the consumption of contaminated
fish from Lake Ontario. Although groundwater is contaminated, there are no known uses
of groundwater within the area, so it is unlikely that people would be exposed to
groundwater contaminants. Access to the landfill is restricted by a fence and a 24-hour
guard.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: From 1975 to 1979, the potentially responsible party, Occidental Chemical
Corp. (OCC), carried out activities for site cleanup. These actions included capping of
buried waste materials to prevent contact with surface water and groundwater, installing a
shallow tile drain, and beginning a groundwater monitoring program. The Niagara Gorge Face seeps
have been diverted, and people no longer have access to the seeps because of the security measures
taken to prevent access to the site. Contaminated sediments also have been excavated. The
construction of the leachate storage, handling, and treatment facility was completed in 1989, and the
Industrial Protection Program to protect nearby workers from contaminants has been completed. The
selected cleanup remedies include: (1) installation of a prototype purge well system to extract non-
aqueous phase liquids for destruction by incineration; (2) installation of the first stage of a bedrock
non-aqueous phase liquids plume containment system; (3) installation of two to three purge wells as
an aqueous phase liquid plume containment system; (4) implementation of a shallow and deep
groundwater study; (5) implementation of a Niagara Gorge seep program; and (6) treatment of
groundwater with activated carbon. The on-site treatment facility will treat aqueous phase liquids
with activated carbon and biological organisms. The draft Lake Ontario Bioaccumulation Study was
completed in 1989 and was distributed for scientific review. Fish and sediment samples from Lake
Ontario were collected and analyzed, and laboratory studies were conducted. The community
monitoring program has been completed. The overburden barrier collection system, a drain around
the entire landfill, was completed in 1990. The source control extraction wells also were installed in
1990. An assessment will be completed in 1991 to determine the risk of excavating Bloody Run
sediments. The perimeter of the landfill will be capped by 1991. The prototype purge wells will be
installed by the end of 1992. All cleanup activities are expected to be completed by 1993.
Site Facts: In 1981, the EPA, the Department of Justice, the State, and a potentially responsible
party, Occidental Chemical Corp., signed a Consent Decree specifying OCC's responsibilities for
cleanup of contamination at the site and maintenance of these remedies. In 1985, the EPA selected
the final method to clean up the site. There is intense public scrutiny of activities related to this site.
Two citizens' groups have intervened in the lawsuit against the potentially responsible party. The
Canadian government also reviewed all of the program activities. Many investigations still are
ongoing and are closely related to the activities taking place at the other nearby Hooker Chemical
sites and the Love Canal site.
Environmental Progress
Many of the cleanup actions at the Hooker-Hyde Park site have been started or are completed. The
removal of contaminated soils and sediments as well as the leachate control and treatment operations
have substantially reduced potential health risks and further environmental degradation while final
cleanup actions are being completed.
April 1991 90 HOOKER - HYDE PARK
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HOOKER CHEMICAL/
S-AREA
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980651087
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 32
Niagara County
Along the Niagara River
The Hooker Chemical/S-Area site includes an 8-acre landfill owned by the Occidental Chemical
Corporation (OCC), which is located on the company's Buffalo Avenue plant in Niagara Falls.
OCC disposed of approximately 63,000 tons of chemical processing wastes into the S-Area from
1947 to 1961. The S-Area also was used by OCC for disposal of other wastes and debris, a practice
that ended in 1975. Located east of the site is the City of Niagara Falls Water Treatment Plant
(CWTP). The S-Area Landfill lies atop approximately 30 feet of soil, clay, till, and manmade fill on
an area reclaimed from the Niagara River. Two lagoons for nonhazardous waste from plant
operations are located on top of the landfill and were operated under New York State permits until
1989, when OCC discontinued operating these lagoons. During an inspection of the CWTP in 1969,
chemicals were found in the bedrock water intake structures. In 1978, sampling of the structures and
of the bedrock water intake tunnel revealed chemical contamination. Subsequently, the City of
Niagara Falls took action to safeguard its water processing system. The site is located in a heavily
industrialized area of Niagara Falls. There is a residential community of approximately 700 people
within 1/4 mile northeast of the site. The CWTP serves an estimated 70,000 people.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
On- and off-site groundwater is contaminated from non-aqueous phase liquid. On-site
groundwater also is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). On- and
off-site soils are minimally contaminated. The main health threat to people is the risk
from eating fish from the lower Niagara River/Lake Ontario Basin. Consumption of
drinking water from the Niagara Falls Water Treatment Plant is not presenting health
risks at present. However, the site, because of its proximity to the CWTP, presents a
potential public health threat to the consumers of drinking water from the plant.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three phases: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the entire site and construction of a water treatment plant.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The City closed the contaminated main intake tunnel and put an
emergency tunnel into service to alleviate the threat of contaminating drinking water.
Entire Site: The EPA selected a containment and collection remedy to prevent further
chemical migration from the landfill and off-site areas toward the existing drinking water
treatment plant and into and under the Niagara River. The selected remedy includes: (1) a
barrier wall containment system to encompass the landfill and adjacent off-site areas contaminated
with chemicals in the upper 30 feet of unconsolidated soils; (2) a collection system comprised of tile
drains and pumping/recovery wells to collect both aqueous and non-aqueous phase chemicals from
the unconsolidated soils and the underlying bedrock; (3) an on-site storage tank facility for
separating the aqueous and non-aqueous chemicals prior to treatment; (4) carbon adsorption for
treatment of contaminated groundwater; (5) incineration of non-aqueous phase chemicals; (6) a final
cap covering the site; and (7) monitoring programs to determine the effectiveness of the remedy.
Portions of the engineering design of the remedy have been completed. Initial activities to install the
cleanup technology systems began in 1990. All construction activity is scheduled for completion in
1997.
City of Niagara Falls Drinking Water Treatment Plant: To address contamination
at the existing drinking water treatment plant, the city of Niagara Falls plans to construct a
new plant immediately east of the current plant along the Niagara River. An initial design
stage for the proposed plant began in October 1990. Construction of the new drinking water
treatment plant is scheduled for 1994. The plant is scheduled to be in operation in 1996.
Site Facts: In 1979, the U.S. Department of Justice, acting on behalf of the EPA, filed a complaint
against the parties potentially responsible for the site contamination. The State of New York joined
in the suit and a Settlement Agreement was signed by the parties in January 1984. It was approved
and entered by the District Court of Western New York in April 1985. The Agreement called for a
potentially responsible party to conduct an investigation at the site, to recommend cleanup standards
for the site, and to conduct site cleanup activities. A second agreement was signed by the parties in
September 1990 and approved by the court in April 1991. This Agreement, which amends the
original 1985 Settlement Agreement, includes an expanded cleanup program to address off-site areas
and the construction of a new drinking water treatment plant.
Environmental Progress
The installation of an emergency intake tunnel to alleviate the threat to the main drinking water
supply around the Hooker Chemical/S-Area site reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated
water. Initial activities to install portions of the selected remedy for the site have already started. The
new water treatment plant for the City of Niagara Falls currently is in the design phase.
April 1991 92 HOOKER CHEM./S-AREA
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HOOKER CHEMI
RUCO POLYME
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD002920312
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Nassau County
Hicksville
Other Names:
Ruco Polymer Corp.
The Hooker Chemical/Ruco Polymer site, in an industrial park area of Hicksville on Long Island,
has been used to manufacture plastics, latex, and esters since 1945. Liquid wastes were discharged
into sand sumps from 1951 to 1975. The sand sumps for Plant 2, which manufactured polyvinyl
chloride (PVCs) and latex, received approximately 2 million gallons of wastewater per year from
1956 to 1975. In addition, unknown amounts of styrene and butadiene were discharged from the
latex processing; Reportedly, the dry well for Plant 1, used for the manufacture of esters, received
wastewater containing mixed glycols and alcohols. Currently, only cooling water is disposed of on
site, while other wastes are sent off site for disposal. Some glycol wastes are incinerated on site.
Numerous leaks and spills of chemicals, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have occurred,
and solidified latex materials are buried on site. Waste disposal and chemical spillage also have
occurred at the adjacent Grumman Aerospace Corporation Plant. The Hooker plant site is fenced,
and contaminated areas are accessible to only a few of the 90 employees at the facility. The site is
immediately over Long Island's sole water supply aquifer. Approximately 20,000 people live within
a mile of the site. One of the public water supply wells located within 3 miles of the site serves
58,000 people. There are four public water supply wells within a mile of the site and 24 wells within
3 miles.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater underlying the site is contaminated with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) such as vinyl chloride and trichloroethylerie (TCE). Several private wells located
downgradient from the site are contaminated with vinyl chloride. On-site soils are
polluted with VOCs and PCBs. The greatest potential health risk is to people who eat,
drink, inhale, or come into direct contact with contaminants during domestic use of
groundwater.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases directed at cleanup of the entire site
and cleanup of the PCB-contaminated soils.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The party potentially responsible for the site contamination currently is
conducting an investigation into the nature and extent of soil and groundwater
contamination at the site. The investigation will define the contaminants of concern and
will recommend alternatives for the final soil and groundwater cleanup. The investigation is
planned to be completed in 1992, after which the EPA will evaluate recommended alternatives and
select the most appropriate remedies for site cleanup.
PCB-Contaminated Soils: The potentially responsible party has completed an
investigation and submitted a study report to address the PCB-contaminated soils. A
remedy for this area was selected by the EPA in 1990. The remedy consists of excavation
and removal of all PCB-contaminated soils. Lesser contaminated soils will be disposed of in a
federally approved facility. Highly contaminated soils will be thermally treated and disposed of off
site. The excavated areas will be filled with clean fill and then paved over. The EPA anticipates this
action will begin in 1991.
Site Facts: In 1988, the EPA signed a Consent Order with a party potentially responsible for the
contamination on the site to conduct a study into the nature and extent of site contamination and to
recommend alternatives for final cleanup.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Hooker Chemical/Ruco site on the NPL, the EPA determined that no immediate
actions were required to reduce threats to the public or the environment while the design for the
cleanup of the soil is underway and further investigations are taking place.
April 1991 94 HOOKER CHEMICAL/RUCO POLYMER
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HUDSON RIVER
PCBS
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980763841
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 24
Rensselaer, Washington, and
Saratoga Counties
Between Fort Edward and Troy
The Hudson River PCBs site is along a 40-mile stretch of the Hudson River between Fort Edward and
Troy in Rensselaer, Washington, and Saratoga Counties. The General Electric Co. discharged an
estimated 1 million pounds of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) into the river from two capacitor
manufacturing plants located in Hudson Falls and Fort Edward. The State has identified 40 hot spots,
defined as sediments contaminated with greater than 50 parts per million (ppm) of PCBs. Also
included in the site are five "remnant" areas, which are river sediments that were exposed when the
level of the river was lowered due to the removal of the Fort Edward Dam. The Hudson River PCB
contamination problem potentially affects all waters, land, ecosystems, communities, and facilities
located in or immediately adjacent to the 200-mile stretch of river from Fort Edward to the Battery
Park in New York City. Because of the concern over the bioaccumulation of PCBs in fish and other
aquatic organisms and their subsequent consumption by humans, the State of New York banned fishing
in the Upper Hudson River between Albany and Fort Edward in 1976 and commercial fishing of
striped bass in the Lower Hudson. Albany, the largest city in the basin, has a population of more than
100,000 people; the Town of Fort Edward has a population of 6,480. Land uses in the Hudson River
Basin include agriculture, service, and manufacturing, in addition to residential. The Hudson River is
an important source of hydroelectric power, public water supplies, transportation, and recreation. The
Cities of Waterford, Poughkeepsie, and Rhinebeck and the Highland and the Port Ewen Water Districts
obtain their water supplies directly from the Hudson River. In addition, a water intake near Chelsea,
which is north of Beacon, may be used to supplement New York City's water supplies during periods
of drought. The Town of Waterford obtains water from the Upper Hudson River, which is the only
municipal water supply intake below Fort Edward and above the Troy Dam.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL USTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/01/83
Final Date: 09/01/84
Threats and Contaminants
The sediments and water in the river are contaminated with PCBs from discharges
originating from two capacitor manufacturing plants. Elevated concentrations of PCBs are
found in the air and the soil at the remnant areas and the former dump sites for dredged
sediments. Fish in the Hudson River have been contaminated with PCBs. The contaminated
water, sediment, and soil pose a health hazard to individuals who may accidentally ingest or
come in direct contact with it. Eating contaminated fish also could affect the health of
individuals.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
directed at cleanup of the entire site, including the river sediments.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1977 and 1978, an estimated 180,000 cubic yards of
contaminated sediments were dredged from the east channel at Fort Edward, and, along
with approximately 14,000 cubic yards of highly contaminated sediments from one of the
remnant areas, were placed in a clay-lined containment cell. A 40-mile stretch of the Upper Hudson
River is under a fishing ban, and the Lower Hudson River has a commercial fishing ban on striped
bass and an advisory for other species.
Entire Site: The party potentially responsible for the contamination is performing an
interim cleanup of the remnant deposits. The remedy chosen for this site is in-place
containment of remnant shoreline deposits. This includes covering the affected areas with
a layer of impermeable clay, contained between polypropylene and a 12-inch thick layer of subsoil,
followed by adding a 6-inch layer of topsoil, grading, and seeding the cover to minimize erosion and
bank stabilization to prevent scouring. Construction is underway and is expected to be completed in
mid-1991.
River Sediments: The EPA is reassessing an interim "no action" decision for the
contaminated river sediments and is evaluating cleanup alternatives. The study has been
divided into three phases. The first phase, consisting mainly of the review of existing data,
is expected to be completed by mid-1991. The entire phased study should be completed by mid-
1992. In addition, the EPA has established an extensive community interaction program for the site.
Site Facts: Notice letters were sent out to two parties potentially responsible for the
contamination. General Electric has agreed to implement the in-place containment remedy for the
remnant deposits and to reimburse the EPA for any costs incurred.
Environmental Progress
Construction is proceeding at the remnant deposits area of the Hudson River PCBs site to prevent
exposure to contaminants by direct contact or inhalation. Bank stabilization should minimize the
flow of PCBs entering the river from the remnant deposits. Further studies on the river sediments
are underway.
April 1991 96 HUDSON RIVER PCBS
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ISLIP MUNICIPAL
SANITARY LA
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980506901
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
Blydenburgh Road, Long Island
Other Names:
Blydenburgh Road Landfill
The Islip Municipal Sanitary Landfill covers approximately 65 acres in the Town of Islip. The
surrounding area is entirely residential, except for a golf course immediately to the east of the
landfill. The town has operated the landfill since 1957. In 1978, Hickey Carting disposed of 50 or
more 55-gallon drums containing a mixture of tetrachloroethylene and other liquids at the site. The
drums were buried in the highest part of the site. In 1979, the New York Commissioner of
Environmental Conservation fined Hickey Carting for accepting and disposing of the drums. The
landfill stopped receiving waste in December 1990. The methane gas within the landfill is being
recovered, converted into electricity, flared, and vented. According to tests conducted by the Suffolk
County Health Department in 1980, the private wells adjacent to the landfill are contaminated with
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). An estimated 75,000 people draw drinking water from Suffolk
County Authority wells, as well as from numerous private wells. All of these wells are within 3
miles of the landfill. Two day care centers are located nearby.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 01/01/87
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs including vinyl chloride and methylene
chloride. The site is located above a shallow aquifer. Site contaminants have been
identified in the aquifer and may have contaminated the underlying deeper aquifer.
These aquifers are the sole sources of water for the Suffolk County public water supplies
and private wells used for domestic purposes. Using the contaminated water for
drinking, bathing, or washing clothes poses a health threat.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
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April! 991
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Response Action Status
Entire Site: A joint effort between the party potentially responsible for the
contamination of the site and the State to investigate the nature and extent of
contamination and to identify alternatives for cleanup began in 1987 and is expected to be
completed in late 1991.
Site Facts: In January 1983, a Consent Judgment was entered between the State and the Town of
Islip to close, cap, and recover gas at the landfill. The Town of Islip signed an Interim Order of
Consent with the State of New York on May 12,1987, which outlined requirements for options to
recycle waste, to close the landfill, or to expand the landfill. The Town of Islip previously was
denied permission by the State to expand the landfill area to accommodate the solid waste needs of
the Town, until a Federal facility could be built. However, the State recently granted permission to
expand the landfill by increasing the allowable side slope with clean fill only. Islip is no longer
accepting municipal solid waste at the landfill.
Environmental Progress
The EPA determined, based on initial evaluations, that no immediate actions were required at the
Islip Municipal Sanitary Landfill site while investigations leading to the selection of final cleanup
remedies are taking place.
April 1991 98 ISLIP MUNICIPAL SANITARY LANDFILL
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JOHNSTOWN
CITY LANDFIL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980506927
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 26
Fulton County
1 1/2 miles northwest of Johnstown City
The Johnstown City Landfill covers 68 acres. From 1947 to 1960, it was the site of an open
municipal dump. This unlined landfill accepted industrial wastes from local tanneries and textile
plants from 1960 until mid-1977. Johnstown City operated the site as an unlicensed municipal
landfill. The landfill also accepted sludge from the city's wastewater treatment plant from 1973 to
1979. The sewage sludge on site contains high concentrations of chromium, iron, and lead.
Groundwater in monitoring wells on the site is contaminated, and various seeps of leachate have
occurred. Johnstown City is a residential community of 29,000 people, 1,000 of whom live within a
1-mile radius of the site. There are 10 homes within 1,000 feet of the site, all of which have private
wells. The closest of these wells is within 150 feet of the site's northern border and is contaminated.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
municipal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Methane gas has been escaping into the air from the landfill. Monitoring wells on site
contain chlorides and heavy metals including chromium, lead, and zinc. Wells off site
also contain heavy metals, as well as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and phenol.
Chromium, lead, and iron contaminate the soils on site. Lead, copper, and benzene have
been found in Matthew Creek. On-site workers could be at risk by inhaling air that
contains contaminated dust particles or by coming in direct contact with contaminated
groundwater, surface water, or soils. People off-site could be at risk if they ingest
contaminated groundwater or come in direct contact with contaminated surface water and
soil, but private well contamination has not been high enough to warrant an advisory.
The headwaters of Matthew Creek flow south from the landfill and are located within 500
feet of the site. The landfill's release of leachate may have contributed to fish kills in the
creek.
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April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The City of Johnstown is investigating the site under a State-issued order.
The first phase of a field investigation was completed in April 1990, under the State's
guidance. The study to determine the nature and extent of contamination at the site is
expected to be completed in 1992.
Site Facts: The EPA sent Notice Letters to 14 parties potentially responsible for the site
contamination and the City of Johnstown in 1987. The City is participating in the cleanup process.
On three separate occasions, methane gas was detected in the air to the northeast of the site at levels
that could cause an explosion. This prompted local health officials in the community to test
individual homes in the site's immediate area. Test results have shown that the houses were free of
methane.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Johnstown City Landfill to the NPL, the EPA performed a preliminary evaluation
of the site conditions and determined that no immediate actions are necessary while investigations
leading to a selection of a final remedy are taking place.
April 1991 100 JOHNSTOWN CITY LANDFILL
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JONES CHEMICALS
INC.
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD000813428
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 35
Livingston County
100 Sunny Sol Blvd., Caledonia
The Jones Chemicals, Inc. site is a 10-acre chemical manufacturing plant that repackaged chlorine
from bulk containers into cylinders from 1942 to 1960. In 1960, Jones Chemicals repackaged
solvents including trichloroethylene (TCE). As part of this process, the plant installed aboveground
bulk storage tanks on the site. In 1972, the plant converted underground tanks to store solvents.
Jones Chemicals stopped repackaging solvents in 1985. The plant now produces sodium
hypochlorite solutions and ammonium hydroxide. It also repackages chlorine, ammonia, inorganic
mineral acids, sodium hypochlorite, ammonium hydroxide, and caustic soda. Throughout the plant's
operating years, the company spilled many of these chemicals while repackaging them. The New
York State Department of Health detected TCE and chloroform in three on-site wells in tests
conducted in 1986. These spills also contaminated off-site wells, including the groundwater supply
for the Village of Caledonia. Spring Creek is a tributary of Oatka Creek and is within a mile
downslope of the site. Local area residents use the creek for recreational activities. This community
is primarily residential and has a population of 2,250. Between 2,500 and 3,000 people obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site. A freshwater wetland is also within a mile of
the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/21/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
ZH
The groundwater contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including
tetrachloroethene, TCE, and chloroform, as a direct result of chemical spills to the
ground. Soils contain VOCs including methylene chloride and TCE. People could
become exposed to hazardous chemicals through the continued use of Caledonia's
groundwater supply system as a source of drinking water.
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April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Jones Chemicals, Inc. removed three underground storage tanks in
1985. An air stripper system will be installed in mid-1991 as a pilot test. The air stripper
is expected to reduce the concentration of groundwater contaminants.
Entire Site: In early 1991, under EPA monitoring, the potentially responsible parties
began conducting an investigation to determine the extent of contamination at the site.
This study is expected to be completed in 1992, at which time, the EPA will evaluate the
results and will recommend the final cleanup remedy.
Site Facts: The EPA issued an Administrative Order on Consent for the site study in early 1991,
requiring the potentially responsible parties to investigate site contamination and to develop
alternatives for final cleanup.
Environmental Progress
The removal of underground storage tanks has reduced the potential for further contamination at the
Jones Chemicals Company site while detailed investigations leading to the selection of a final
cleanup remedy are taking place.
April! 991 102 JONES CHEMICALS, INC.
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JONES SANITA
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980534556
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 24
Dutchess County
Cardinal Road, in Hyde Park
Other Names:
Jones Septic Site
The Jones Sanitation site occupies 10 acres in a rural part of Dutchess County. The owner opened
the site in 1956 to dispose of septic and industrial wastes and continued this practice until a new
owner took over the site in 1977. From the early 1960s through 1979, the landfill accepted
industrial liquid wastes and sludges that Alfa-Laval, formerly known as the DeLaval Separator Co.
of Poughkeepsie, generated. These materials were oils and greases, acids, alkalis, solvents, metals
from plating operations, pigments, phenols, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
methylene chloride, chloroform and trichloroethylene (TCE). The landfill accepted about 77,000
gallons of liquid industrial waste per month from Alfa-Laval from 1972 until 1979. As many as 30
disposal pits may have been used at one time. The site now accepts only septic wastes from
commercial firms. According to the Dutchess County Health Department, disposal practices on site
were not adequate to control discharges of hazardous substances onto the ground. The current
owner excavated the disposal pits and piled the contents on the ground without a liner. Maritje Kill
and other associated wetlands in the area cross the property approximately 150 feet downgradient of
the disposal area. Two springs are located west of the site. One spring reportedly produces 75
gallons per minute and serves Roosevelt School. The other serves domestic herds at the Vanderbilt
Mansion National Historic Site. There are 1,135 people within 1 mile of the site, and 9,485 people
live within 3 miles, all of whom obtain water from 23 wells within 3 miles of the site. The nearest
water supply well is 1,000 feet from the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 01/01/87
Final Date: 07/01/87
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April 1991
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Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and surface water contain inorganic materials from the disposal areas,
including heavy metals such as chromium, copper, lead, cadmium, and mercury, as well
as oils, grease, and VOCs. Soil also contains inorganic materials from the disposal areas,
oils, grease, and VOCs. The supplemental water supply for Hyde Park is located 2,500
feet from the site. Although the EPA has sampled all water supplies in the area and has
found them currently safe for all uses, the potential for people to be exposed to
contaminated groundwater exists. Access to the site is unrestricted. People who
accidentally ingest or inhale contaminated media on the site could be exposed to
hazardous chemicals. People also may be at risk from eating local animals or fish that
come into contact with possibily contaminated surface waters. The site is unfenced,
making it possible for people and animals to come into direct contact with hazardous
substances.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA took over the management of the site response and investigations
from the State in 1990. The potentially responsible parties began conducting the site
study to determine the extent of contamination in 1991. The study is expected to be
completed in 1993.
Site Facts: In June 1978, the owner/operator of the site submitted an application for a permit under
the State Pollution Discharge Elimination System (SPDES). When the State denied the permit, the
owner/operator submitted a SPDES permit application for subsurface discharge of septic waste. The
EPA issued an Administrative Order in 1991, in which Alfa-Laval, Inc. and Jones Sanitation agreed
to conduct the site study.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Jones Sanitation site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that the site poses no immediate threats to the surrounding community or environment
while investigations leading to selection of the final cleanup remedy are undertaken.
April 1991 104 JONES SANITATION
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KATONAH
MUNICIPAL
WELL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980780795
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 21
Westchester County
Village of Katonah in the Town of Bedford
The Katonah Municipal Well site is located on a peninsula that extends into the Muscoot Reservoir,
which supplies drinking water to New York City. The well, which has a main shaft approximately 9
feet in diameter and 32 feet deep, was designed to draw water from the underlying aquifer. The
County Health Department first discovered contaminants in the Katonah Well in 1978, at which time
it was taken out of service. By 1979, the possible sources of the contamination were traced to four
nearby dry cleaning establishments that were served by septic systems. The County worked with the
owners to correct the problems and to remove the sources. Several attempts at pumping the well to
remove the contamination from the aquifer have been unsuccessful. The Katonah Municipal Well is
part of the Bedford Water and Storage System, and residences and businesses are required by
ordinance to tie into the public supply. The Katonah Municipal Well had supplied approximately
6,000 residents with water for domestic use. The population of Bedford is 15,000. The residential
portion of the village is located to the west of the well and extends for several blocks.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and municipal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The primary contaminant of the groundwater is the volatile organic compound (VOC)
tetrachloroethylene, which is believed to have been generated by the nearby dry cleaning
operations. Sediments and soils around the site are contaminated with chlorinated
solvents, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs;, and polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs). Metals including nickel, lead, zinc, and copper also were detected in
the soils and sediments. The contaminated groundwater, soil, and sediments may
adversely affect the health of individuals around the site if accidentally directly contacted
or ingested. Also, the two surface water bodies in the area, the Muscoot Reservoir and
Katonah Brook, may become contaminated from migrating pollutants.
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April! 991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The following actions were selected by the EPA to clean up the site:
(1) installation of a new production well adjacent to the abandoned well; (2) filling and
sealing of the abandoned Katonah Well; (3) installation and operation of an on-site air
stripping facility to remove contaminants from the aquifer, with discharge of treated water to the
Bedford consolidated water distribution system; (4) establishment of a monitoring program to detect
residual contamination of treated water; and (5) recommendations to the Town of Bedford to remove
trash and debris located on the peninsula. The Town of Bedford completed the technical
specification for the cleanup in March 1990. Construction for the cleanup began in early 1991, with
the installation of a pumping well and an air stripper unit. Cleanup is expected to be completed by
mid-1992.
Site Facts: In June 1988, the EPA entered into a Consent Order with the Town of Bedford to
implement the technical design for the cleanup remedies. In September 1988, the EPA issued a
unilateral Administrative Order to the other four potentially responsible parties. In July 1989, the
EPA entered into a Consent Decree with the Town of Bedford to clean up the site.
Environmental Progress
Based on preliminary investigations, the EPA determined that the Katonah Municipal Well site
poses no immediate threats to the surrounding community and environment while cleanup activities
are being conducted.
April! 991 106 KATONAH MUNICIPAL WELL
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KENMARK TEXTILE
CORP.
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD075784165
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
Farmingdale
The 5-acre Kenmark Textile Corp. site, formerly known as Jayne Textile Printing Corporation and
Mitchel Screening Printing Corporation, conducts screen manufacturing and fabric handling and
washing. Wastes generated in the manufacturing process were disposed of in a leaching pond and in
waste drums. A wide range of chemical dyes and washing chemicals including base dyes, acetic
acid, citric acid, and chromate solutions have been used in site operations since 1972. The State
issued a permit requiring Kenmark to treat its wastewater before discharging it to the municipal
sewer. In 1981, the Suffolk County Department of Health temporarily closed the Kenmark Textile
Corp. for illegal storage of hazardous waste. The site currently is occupied by the Susquehanna
Textile Corp., which discharges its wastes into the municipal sewer system. About .10,000 people
living within a mile of the site depend on groundwater as the only source of drinking water. The
nearest residential area is located within 650 feet of the site. Public water supply is available for
most residents in the area. A manmade pond located on Broad Hollow Road is about 500 feet
southeast of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Chromium was detected in groundwater in concentrations exceeding New York State
groundwater standards. Heavy metals including lead and mercury were identified in
wastewater sludge. Heavy metals including chromium were detected in leaching pond
samples. The greatest health threat to people is exposure to contaminated groundwater,
either by drinking it or coming into direct contact with it. There is a potential health
threat to site employees through exposure to contaminated soils and groundwater.
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April! 991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Susquehanna Textile, a tenant at the site, has removed some of the
contaminated materials from the surface. More than 50 drums containing hydroxide
sludge were stored on site but have since been removed.
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination, under EPA
monitoring, currently are conducting a study into the nature and extent of contamination at
the site. The study will define the contaminants of concern and will be the basis for
recommending alternatives for final cleanup. The investigation is expected to be completed in 1993,
after which the EPA will select the most appropriate remedies for site cleanup.
Site Facts: The State negotiated with Kenmark to properly treat its wastes, discharge them into the
municipal sewer system, and remove drums containing hazardous wastes. In October 1987, the
State and potentially responsible parties signed an order requiring the parties to conduct a study at
the site.
Environmental Progress
By removing drums containing contaminants and other visible contaminated materials from the
surface, the Kenmark Textile site has been made safer to the surrounding public and the environment
while further investigations leading to the selection of a final cleanup remedy are taking place.
April 1991 108 KENMARK TEXTILE CORP.
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KENTUCKY AVENGE!
WELL FIELD
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980650667
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 34
Chemung County
Near Horseheads
The Kentucky Avenue Well Field was developed in 1962 as part of the Elmira Water Board system,
which supplies water to over 60,000 residents in Elmira, Elmira Heights, and Horseheads. The site
is at the confluence of two major valleys within the Chemung River Basin in the south-central part
of the county. The well field overlies the Newtown Creek aquifer and includes three test wells and a
production well. The well field was closed in 1980 because it was found to be contaminated with
trichloroethylene (TCE). Private water wells in the area also were found to be contaminated.
Although the sources of contamination are not known, several industrial facilities in the area are
suspect. The Elmira Water Board is using temporary alternative water supplies instead of the
Kentucky Avenue wells to supply residents. Two remaining residences have refused connection.
There are an estimated 11,000 people living within a mile of the site. The area surrounding the site
is a combination of residential, commercial, and industrial areas, with little or no agricultural
activity.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
TCE was found throughout the Newton Creek aquifer. Private wells near the site are
contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including TCE, benzene, and
chloroform. Sediment samples from the ponds and streams south of the Old Horseheads
Landfill showed high concentrations of inorganic contamination and heavy metals such
as zinc, cadmium, and chromium. Concentrations of VOCs were detected in discharge
waters (surface runoff) to Newtown Creek. Potential health threats include drinking,
inhaling VOCs, or direct contact with contaminated groundwater by users of private
wells. Contamination of the ponds artd streams may harm the wildlife inhabiting the
area.
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April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
directed at cleanup of the groundwater and determining the source of the site contamination.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1985,1986, and 1989, the EPA provided alternate water
supplies to residences that were affected by groundwater contamination. These actions
involved temporarily supplying 25 residences with bottled water and connecting 95
affected residences to the public water distribution system. Disconnected wells were closed to
prevent further use.
Groundwater: The selected remedy to address groundwater contamination includes
installing monitoring wells upstream of the Sullivan Street wells to follow the movement
of the contaminant plumes in the Newtown Creek aquifer and quarterly sampling of these
wells. These activities completed in 1990. Currently, an air stripper is being installed at the Sullivan
Street Well to treat the water to drinking water standards.
Source Identification: Based on site investigations, the EPA selected a remedy for the
site in 1990. The remedy to restore the Kentucky Avenue well Field includes the
installation of extraction wells downgradient of the Westinghouse plant, the source area,
and treatment of the groundwater to drinking water standards. An investigation will be conducted to
determine whether any measures to control sources of contamination would be feasible at the
Westinghouse plant. Sources of groundwater contamination at the Kentucky Avenue Well Field are
also being investigated at the nearby Facet Enterprises, Inc. NPL site.
Environmental Progress
Providing a safe drinking water source to the residents affected by the contaminated well water has
reduced the risk of exposure to hazardous materials in the groundwater while final cleanup actions
continue at the Kentucky Avenue Well Field site and further investigations into the source of the
pollution are taking place.
April 1991 110 KENTUCKY AVENUE WELL FIELD
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EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Nassau County
Farmingdale
LIBERTY INDU
FINISHING
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD000337295
Site Description
Liberty Industrial Finishing is an abandoned site covering less than an acre on a 7 1/2-acre tract of
land in an industrial park. From 1948 to 1978, the company carried out electroplating, dyeing, and
painting operations at the site. The contaminated areas consist of three acid vats, a sludge-drying
lagoon, two leaching basins, a number of finishing vats, and a basin for holding stormwater. In
1977, the State found Liberty in violation of the discharge limits of its permit Liberty was ordered
to clean up the site in 1978, but did not do so. As an initial action, the company, under State
supervision, removed contaminated soils and sludges from the leaching basins, the stormwater basin,
and the sludge lagoon. In 1984, Four J's Company acquired title to the site from Liberty Industrial.
Approximately 20,200 people live within 1 mile of the site. About 90,000 people draw drinking
water from wells within 3 miles of the site. Fifty homes are 400 yards away, and Bethpage State
park is a mile away. Massapequa Creek is 3,000 feet downgradient of the site and is used for
recreational activities.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and soils are contaminated with heavy metals including cadmium and
chromium and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as dichloroethene and
dichloromethane. Massapequa Creek is contaminated with cadmium and chromium.
People who drink water from contaminated wells may be at risk. Accidentally ingesting
or coming in direct contact with contaminated soil also poses a health hazard. Pollutants
from the site have migrated into Massapequa Creek. Wildlife in or near the creek may be
harmed by the contaminated runoff from the site. In addition, people who use the creek
for recreation may suffer adverse health effects by coming in direct contact with or
accidentally ingesting the water.
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April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The potentially responsible party removed contaminated soils and
sludges from the leaching basins, stormwater basin, and the sludge lagoon.
Entire Site: The Four J's, under State supervision, conducted an investigation to
determine the extent of the contamination at the site. However, additional studies
measuring the full extent of on- and off-site contamination will be needed before remedies
are selected for the site cleanup. These studies currently are being undertaken by the EPA and are
scheduled for completion in early 1993.
Site Facts: In 1985, the State and Four J's signed a Consent Order. Under this Order, the owner
conducted a study of site contamination. The study was determined to be inadequate because it did
not address all on- or off-site contamination. The order subsequently was amended to include the
study of off-site contamination. The owner has failed to comply fully with the Order. The extent of
the off-site contamination currently is being determined by the EPA.
Environmental Progress
Investigations leading to the selection of a cleanup remedy for the site currently are being conducted.
Until these investigations are completed and the actual cleanup activities are started, the EPA has
determined that the Liberty Industrial Finishing site poses no immediate threats to the surrounding
community or the environment.
April 1991 112 LIBERTY INDUSTRIAL FINISHING
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LOVE CANAL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD000606947
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 32
Niagara County
Niagara Falls
Other Names:
Hooker Chemicals Love Canal
The 40-acre Love Canal site contains a 16-acre landfill with a 3-foot cap located in an area that was
excavated in the 1890s to provide hydroelectric power. Beginning in 1942, it was used by Hooker
Chemicals and Plastics (now Occidental Chemical Corporation) for the disposal of over 21,000 tons
of various chemical wastes, including dioxins. Dumping ceased in 1952, and the following year the
area was covered and deeded to the Niagara Falls Board of Education. The area near the site was
extensively developed, which included the construction of an elementary school and numerous
homes. Problems with odors and residues, first reported in the 1960s, increased in the 1970s as the
water table rose, bringing contaminated groundwater to the surface. Studies indicate that numerous
toxic chemicals migrated into the surrounding area directly adjacent to the original disposal site.
Runoff drained into the Niagara River approximately 3 miles upstream of the intake tunnels for the
Niagara Falls water treatment plant. Dioxin and other contaminants migrated from Love Canal to
the sewers, which had outfalls into nearby creeks. Approximately 950 families were evacuated from
a 10-square-block area surrounding the canal. Approximately 10,000 people are located within a
mile of Love Canal; 70,000 live within 3 miles. The Niagara Falls water treatment plant serves
77,000 people. The site is 1/4 mile north of the Niagara River.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Creek and sewer sediments were contaminated with dioxins; however, these
contaminants have been removed. Soil is contaminated with VOCs including toluene and
xylenes; other organics including dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and
pesticides; and heavy metals including arsenic. The Niagara River and Black, Bergholtz,
and Cayuga Creeks are contaminated with VOCs and other organics. People who come
in direct contact with or ingest contaminated water, sediments, or soil may be at risk.
Contaminants have leached into the Niagara River and people who use it for recreational
activities may be exposed to pollutants. In addition, the wildlife in or near the river may
be harmed.
113
April!991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in seven stages: initial actions and six long-term remedial phases
focusing on landfill containment; sewers, creeks, and berms; thermal treatment of sewers and creeks;
cleanup of the 93rd Street School; home maintenance; and buyout of homes.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1978, the State installed a system to collect leachate from the site.
The landfill area was covered and fenced and a treatment plant was constructed. In 1981,
the EPA erected a fence around Black Creek and conducted environmental studies.
Landfill Containment: In 1982, the EPA selected a remedy to contain the landfill by
constructing a barrier drain and a leachate collection system; covering the temporary clay
cap with a synthetic material to prevent rain from coming into contact with the buried
wastes; demolishing the contaminated houses and a nearby school; conducting more studies to
determine the best way to proceed with cleanup; and monitoring to make sure the cleanup activities
are effective. The State covered approximately 3 acres of the landfill and improved the leachate
collection system. Some of the sewers also were cleaned. These cleanup activities were completed
in 1985.
Sewers, Creeks, and Berms: In 1985, the EPA implemented a remedy to clean up the
sewers and the creeks by hydraulically cleaning sewers, removing and disposing of the
contaminated sediments, and inspecting the sewers for defects that could allow
contaminants to migrate; repairing a damaged floodgate; and limiting access, dredging, and
hydraulically cleaning the Black Creek culverts. The sediments from sewers and creeks currently
are being stored within the Occidental Chemical Corporation's Niagara Falls facility and are
awaiting final incineration. The State cleaned 62,000 linear feet of storm and sanitary sewers in
1986. An additional 6,000 feet were cleaned in 1987. In 1989, Black Creek and Bergholtz Creek
were dredged of 12,000 cubic yards of sediments, and the State installed a sediment erosion berm.
Black Creek and Bergholtz Creek were fenced.
Thermal Treatment of Sewers and Creeks: In 1987, the EPA selected a remedy to
treat the contaminants in the sewers and creeks by constructing an on-site facility to
dewater and contain the sediments, plus constructing a separate facility to treat the
dewatered contaminants by heat; treating the residuals stored on the site from the leachate treatment
facility; and disposing of non-hazardous residuals from the treatment on the site. The State
completed the design of the technical specifications for treating the contaminated sediments in the
sewers and creeks in 1990. The cleanup, to be performed by Occidental, is expected to begin in
1991. An additional design is currently underway to construct a berm at the 102nd Street sewer
outfall that was once connected to the Love Canal site. The staging area cleanup has been completed
in preparation for this action.
April 1991 114 LOVE CANAL
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93rd Street School: The remedy selected by the EPA in 1988 to clean up the 93rd
Street School involves excavating about 7,500 cubic yards of contaminated soil adjacent to
the school. This remedy is being re-evaluated due to concerns identified in a 1991
implementation proposed plan. An amendment to the original remedy selected is expected to be
issued in 1991. The State will finalize the design of technical specifications to excavate and
transport the soil off-site.
Home Maintenance: As a result of the contamination at Love Canal, the Federal
government and the State of New York purchased the affected homes. These properties
need to be maintained to prevent their deterioration prior to resale. The Love Canal Area
Revitalization Agency (LCARA) is conducting the maintenance of the homes under an EPA
Cooperative Agreement until 1992. The sale of these homes currently is underway, and some of the
new home owners have already moved into their homes. LCARA is the coordinating agency in
charge of the home sales.
Buyout of Homes: The LCARA is buying homes that were previously ineligible. The
buyout is scheduled to be completed in 1992.
Environmental Progress
Many cleanup activities, including landfill containment, home relocation, and treatment of
contaminants in sewers and creeks, have been completed at the Love Canal site. These completed
actions have eliminated all surface contamination at the site, making the site safe to nearby residents
and the environment while final cleanup activities are being completed. As a result of the completed
actions, residents are returning to the Love Canal area.
LOVE CANAL
115
April 1991
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LUDLOW SAN
& GRAVEL
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYD013468939
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 25
Oneida Coi'^ty
Paris
The 18-acre Ludlow Sand & Gravel site is a landfill and gravel pit located on a 130-acre parcel of
land. Disposal at the site began in the early 1960s and included domestic wastes, septic tank
effluent, industrial wastes such as dyes and waste oils, and animal parts from a meat processing
plant. Area residents expressed concern in 1966 when large areas of the site were left uncovered and
a strong odor could be detected at a considerable distance. In 1982, trace quantities of
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were detected in the leachate pools located at the southern
portions of the property. The District Court of Binghamton ordered the landfill closed and dumping
ceased in 1988, although the gravel pit is still in operation. A New York State-designated wetland is
located to the southeast of the site. The landfill is in a groundwater recharge zone to an aquifer
along Sauquoit Creek, which serves as a major discharge point for groundwater flowing from this
aquifer and is a tributary of the Mohawk River. The residents east of the landfill obtain their
drinking water supply from the aquifer. The municipal water supply for the community of Clayville
is obtained from groundwater. The nearest residence is 1/2 mile from the landfill. Three residential
wells are located within 1,000 feet of the site, and eight additional wells are 1,000 to 3,000 feet
away.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and landfill wastes are contaminated with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), heavy metals including chromium and nickel, PCBs, and phenols. Sediments
contain VOCs and PCBs. The soil and surface water are contaminated with PCBs.
Leachate pools contain PCBs and phenols. Residents near the site rely on private wells
for drinking water. Although these wells are not contaminated, chemicals migrating from
the landfill may pollute them. Sediment from the wetlands is contaminated. People who
come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest the sediments may suffer adverse health
effects. In addition, the contaminants may harm the wildlife in and around the wetlands.
117
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on source control and the
cleanup of groundwater, surface water, and soils from adjacent areas.
Response Action Status
Source Control: In 1988, the EPA selected a remedy to contain the source of the
contamination by: (1) consolidating approximately 10,000 cubic yards of contaminated
soil and sediment adjacent to the landfill and disposing of it in the landfill and then placing
either a clay or synthetic cover over it to prevent rain water from coming into contact with the buried
materials; (2) collecting the leachate from seepage areas; (3) dewatering the landfill, if necessary, by
using either a passive drain system or using groundwater extraction wells; (4) lowering the water
table to prevent groundwater from coming into contact with the waste material; (5) treating the
contaminated leachate and groundwater at an on-site facility, or if the volume of water is small,
transporting the water and leachate to an approved federal facility; (6) fencing the site, including the
wetlands; (7) controlling future use of the property by deed restrictions; and (8) monitoring the
groundwater, private wells, and surface water to ensure the cleanup has been effective. A plan was
approved in 1990 for the cleanup of the site and the wetlands. Also, a preliminary design report was
completed for the development of a final remedy for the site. The design of the cleanup activities
specified in the EPA's selected remedy is expected to be completed in 1992.
Groundwater, Surface Water, and Soils from Adjacent Areas: The nature and
extent of off-site contamination is being studied. The State currently is reviewing a report
that includes information on the extent of contamination of groundwater and surface water
in the vicinity of the landfill, as well as soils from an adjacent gravel pit. The study being prepared
will evaluate different options for the cleanup of the off-site contamination. Once the study is
completed, expected in 1992, a remedy for the groundwater and surface water will be selected by the
EPA.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Ludlow Sand & Gravel site while further studies are being
completed and cleanup activities are started.
April 1991 118 LUDLOW SAND & GRAVEL
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MALTA ROCKE
FUEL AREA
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980535124
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 24
Saratoga County
Towns of Malta and Stillwater
Other Names:
Saratoga Research and Development Center
Rocket Fuel Site
Site Description
The 445-acre Malta Rocket Fuel Area site consists of the 165-acrc Malta Test Station and 280 acres
of undeveloped forest used as a safety easement for the Test Station. The Test Station was
established in 1945 by the U.S. Government for rocket engine and fuel testing and was first leased
by various agencies, including several departments of the military, and then purchased by a
predecessor of the Department of Defense in 1955. The site was also leased to NASA and used for
research and development projects conducted on behalf of the Department of Energy. The General
Electric Company operated the Test Station as a government contractor from 1945 to 1964. In 1964,
the Test Station and the easement were acquired by a predecessor of the New York State Energy
Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA). The General Electric Company continued as
operating contractor while NYSERDA and its predecessor conducted similar atomic and space
research and development at the Test Station. In 1984, NYSERDA sold approximately 81 acres of
the Test Station, including most of the original buildings, test areas, rocket gantries, and other
facilities to the Wright-Malta Corporation. Operations at the site involved the use of hazardous
substances. Investigations of soil, sludge, surface water, and groundwater at the site have confirmed
the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
Numerous potential source areas have been identified at the site, including scrap metal storage,
chemical storage, solid waste disposal, drum disposal, and fuel mixing areas; a burning pit; the
rocket gantries and associated cooling pits; septic tanks and leach fields; aboveground and
underground storage tanks and piping systems; and the magazine area. The population within a 2-
mile radius of the site is approximately 10,000, which includes all of the Luther Forest housing
development. Water is supplied to area residents through the public system, which draws
groundwater from wells 6,000 feet from the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/01/86
Final Date: 07/01/87
119
April 1991
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Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater at the site is contaminated with VOCs, PCBs, and boron from former site
activities. Off-site surface water is contaminated with VOCs, and soils are contaminated
with VOCs and PCBs. On-site cleanup workers may be exposed to health hazards if
contaminated groundwater is accidentally ingested. Direct contact with the contaminated
groundwater or surface water may also be a threat to the health of the workers. Residents
living around the site may be exposed to contaminants by way of polluted groundwater,
but testing shows the public water supply wells are not contaminated. Discharges from
the site are entering the creeks and streams that flow toward the housing development.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, some of the parties potentially responsible for the site
contamination began an extensive investigation to determine the nature and extent of
contamination and its sources and to identify alternatives for cleanup. The parties have
begun to install an Early Warning Monitoring System, which is designed to detect contamination
leaching from the site before it reaches public water supply wells. The investigation is scheduled to
be completed in 1993.
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA issued a Unilateral Order for the performance of site studies to eight
potentially responsible parties. There is concern among the residents of the Luther Forest residential
development over the potential for contaminants to reach the water supply wells that are
approximately 6,000 feet from the site perimeter.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Malta Rocket Fuel site while further studies are completed
and cleanup activities are started. The Early Warning Monitoring System will help ensure that water
supplies are not contaminated by the site.
April 1991 120 MALTA ROCKET FUEL AREA
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MARATHON BATTER
CORP.
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYD010959757
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 21
Putnam County
Cold Spring
Site Description
The 60-acre Marathon Battery Corp. site includes a former nickel-cadmium battery plant and 11
surrounding acres, the Hudson River around the Cold Spring Her, and a series of river backwater
areas known as Foundry Cove and Constitution Marsh. The facility operated from 1952 to 1979,
producing military and commercial batteries. During this time, the plant changed ownership several
times, finally operating as the Marathon Battery Corp. from 1969 to 1979. Before 1965, the plant's
wastewater treatment system discharged into the Hudson River at the Cold Spring Pier through the
use of the municipal sewer system, except during periods of overload or system shutdown, when the
wastewater was discharged directly into East Foundry Cove Marsh. In 1965, however, the State
Department of Health concluded that the new sewage system being designed for Cold Spring could
not handle the plant's industrial discharge, and operators began channeling the discharge into East
Foundry Cove Marsh. Although Marathon and other parties potentially responsible for the
contamination dredged parts of Foundry Cove and surrounding areas in 1972 and 1973, studies of
the wetlands still revealed high levels of cadmium and nickel in the late 1970s. The EPA has
divided the site into three geographical subsites to speed cleanup activities: the East Foundry Cove
Marsh and Constitution Marsh (Area I); the 11-acre plant property, including the plant itself, a
production well, a 500,000-gallon water tower, building debris, a clay- and asphalt-lined
underground vault containing dredged material, a parking lot and nearby residential yards (Area II);
and East and West Foundry Cove and the portion of the Hudson River near Cold Spring Pier (Area
III). The warehouse was used to store books, but all business activities at the site have ceased. The
books still remain on site. The surrounding area is residential and includes an historic tourism area.
Approximately 400 people live within a mile of the site. A school, a mobile home park, and a
number of residences are served by groundwater within a 3-mile radius of the site. Local surface
water is used for both recreation and commercial fishery.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
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April 1991
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Threats and Contaminants
The State found high levels of the heavy metals cadmium, lead, zinc, nickel, and cobalt
both inside and outside the plant facility. High concentrations of trichloroethylene (TCE)
have been detected in groundwater. A State-supervised sampling program in 1984 and
1985 revealed widespread heavy metal contamination of the sediments and marsh soils of
Foundry Cove. The highest levels were found in East Foundry Cove next to the Kemble
Avenue outfall. Cadmium was found in soils uphill from the plant on the fence line
between the former battery facility and neighboring back yards. Tidal action has slowly
been flushing remaining cadmium deposits from the wetlands into the Hudson River.
High levels of cadmium are present in on-site sediments, and cadmium is accumulating
in the biota, threatening the marsh that supports several surface and underwater plant
species and the surrounding wildlife. An endangered species, the shortnose sturgeon,
migrates up and down the Hudson and enters East Foundry Cove to feed. Since this fish
feeds on insect larvae, it is likely to eat contaminated sediments. Public health may be
adversely affected by inhaling, accidentally ingesting, or coming in direct contact with
contaminated soils or dusts, drinking contaminated groundwater, or eating foods grown
in contaminated soil.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four stages: immediate actions and three long-term remedial
phases focusing on cleanup of each of the three subsite areas.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1972 and 1973, under orders from the EPA, the owners dredged
the channel connecting East Foundry Cove Marsh to Constitution Marsh. Workers
removed about 90,000 square meters of sediment. About 4,000 cubic meters of dredge
material were retained in a diked enclosure constructed over a parking lot on the site property.
Sediments were allowed to settle, and the watery component was returned to Foundry Cove.
Workers placed the dredge spoils in a clay- and asphalt-lined underground vault on plant property.
However, studies in Foundry Cove between 1976 and 1980 continued to detect high cadmium and
nickel concentrations in the sediments. In 1989, Marathon placed fencing and screens over the
building's entrance to limit access.
Area I Cleanup: The EPA selected a remedy for cleaning up East Foundry Cove Marsh
and Constitution Marsh in 1986. The remedy features: (1) dredging highly contaminated
sediments from East Foundry Cove Marsh; (2) chemically binding the sediment and
properly disposing of the watery components; (3) disposing of the treated sediments off site; (4)
restoring the marsh by adding clean fill and clay and replanting the restored area; and (5) diverting
storm sewers. Long-term sediment and water monitoring, a public awareness program, and site
access restrictions also will be undertaken at the marsh. The EPA expects to complete the
engineering design for this remedy in mid-1991. Prior to marsh cleanup actions, workers will
construct a dike to keep sediments from migrating and will install a rail spur to ease removal of the
sediment. Areas I and in will be cleaned up at the same time, beginning in 1991.
April 1991 122 MARATHON BATTERY CORP.
-------
Area II Cleanup: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy for cleaning up Area II that
features: (1) decontaminating the inside surfaces and contents of the former battery
facility to remove dust containing heavy metals; (2) excavating the cadmium-
contaminated soil on the plant grounds and neighboring yards; (3) excavating the on-site vault
containing dredge spoils from the 1973 cleanup; (4) binding the excavated soil, dust, and vault
sediments and disposing of them at an EPA-approved facility off site; (5) excavating the hot
spots of VOC-polluted soil, and then cleaning and replacing the treated material on site; (6)
backfilling excavated areas with clean fill; (7) placing groundwater use controls and monitoring
the aquifer until it is cleaned; and (8) considering minor repairs to the inoperable sprinkler and
heating systems inside the building. The work has been divided into four parts: (1) excavating
and treating all contaminated soil on the battery plant's grounds including the vault, (2)
conducting a pilot study on cleaning up the books in the warehouse, (3) cleaning the interior of
the former battery facility including the books currently stored inside, and (4) excavating and
treating contaminated soils in the adjacent residential yards. The EPA began engineering design
work on the residential yards in 1989. In late 1991, the potentially responsible parties completed
the pilot study. The EPA approved the work plan for cleaning the interior of the battery facility,
and it is expected to be completed in fall 1991. The design for treatment of the soil on the plant
grounds is scheduled for completion in 1991. Construction activities will be performed
concurrently with Areas I and III.
Area III Cleanup: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy for this area that features
dredging 1 foot of sediments from East Foundry Cove and the Cold Spring Pier area
and removing them from the site. No action will be taken at West Foundry Cove, but
the EPA will continue to monitor it. The EPA began the engineering design for this remedy in
1989; it is scheduled for completion in mid-1991, at which time cleanup activities will begin.
Site Facts: The EPA entered into a Consent Decree with Marathon in 1972 to perform
dredging operations.
Environmental Progress
The dredging operation and site access restrictions described above have reduced the potential
for exposure to hazardous materials at the Marathon Battery site while remedy designs are being
completed and final cleanup activities are taking place.
MARATHON BATTERY CORP. 123 April 1991
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MATTIACE
PETROCHEMIC
COMPANY, IN
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD000512459
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Nassau County
Glen Cove
The 2 1/2-acre Mattiace Petrochemical Company site is an inactive chemical distribution facility
located on Long Island. From the mid-1960s until 1987, Mattiace received chemicals by tank
truck and redistributed them to its customers. The company also operated the M&M Drum
Cleaning Company on the site until 1982. The site now is a graded, unpaved lot with a trailer,
shed, and concrete platform with 40 storage tanks, most of which are underground. In 1980, the
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation discovered that drums containing
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were buried on the site and that wastewater from the drum-
cleaning operations was being discharged into subsurface leaching pools. State investigators
found VOCs in soil and shallow groundwater, the local drinking water source. In 1987, after
seven years of failed negotiations and litigation, the State of New York seized the property. At
that time, many drums and tanks of organics, acid, and alkali liquids remained. The EPA since
has secured the site and removed more than 120,000 gallons of bulk or waste liquids.
Surrounding the site are industrial areas, Garvies Point Preserve (designated by the State as a
significant natural habitat), and tidal wetlands. Glen Cove Creek is 500 feet to the south of the
site. Hempstead Harbor and Long Island Sound are located within 3 miles of the site and are
used for recreation.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and soil at the site are contaminated with VOCs. Exposure to
contaminated water and soil through direct contact or ingestion may be a health
hazard. Habitats at the Garvies Point Preserve and the tidal wetlands also may be
threatened by contamination.
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April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: emergency actions and two long-term remedial
phases focusing on soil and groundwater cleanup and removal of buried drums.
Response Action Status
Emergency Actions: In 1988, EPA emergency workers secured the site, collected
samples, and removed 100,000 gallons of flammable liquids, 20,000 gallons of
contaminated water, and 1,800 gallons of liquids containing polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs). Lab packs were crushed and sent to an off-site incineration facility. Owners reclaimed
cylinders and some empty tanks. All other hazardous materials were transported to EPA-
approved disposal facilities.
Soil and Groundwater: The EPA began a comprehensive study of soil and
groundwater pollution at the site. Currently, the investigation results are open for
public comment. Once the comment period is over, the EPA will select a remedy for
soil and groundwater. Cleanup remedy selection is expected in fall 1991.
Buried Drums: After a geophysical survey that was conducted during field work to
determine soil contamination, the EPA found and characterized the contents of several
buried drums on the site. The EPA selected a remedy in 1990, which includes removal
and off-site treatment and disposal of the drums and contaminated soils in the area. In spring
1991, the EPA began excavating buried drums and contaminated soil. The drums are being
staged, and their contents and the soil are being sampled. All materials are being transported off
site for treatment and disposal.
Environmental Progress
By securing the site, removing contaminated liquids, and excavating and removing drums and
soils, the EPA has eliminated immediate threats to nearby residents and the environment while
the selection of a final cleanup remedy is taking place at the Mattiace Petrochemical Company
site.
April 1991 126 MATTIACE PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY. INC.
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EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 23
Albany County
Albany
MERCURY
REFINING, INC.
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD048148175
Site Description
Since 1956, the 1/2-acre Mercury Refining, Inc. site has been used for reclaiming mercury from
batteries. Operators dumped waste batteries behind the furnace building until 1980, when these
wastes were stored in drums on wooden pallets on paved areas of the site. Tests in the early 1980s
indicated that waste was at least 3 feet below the site surface. The State's Fish and Wildlife Service
tested soil in this area in the early 1980s and discovered high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) and mercury in soils and stream sediments. The source of the PCBs is not clear, although the
nearby Owasco River Railroad Company has assumed legal responsibility. The site has been cleaned
up, and the waste disposal methods of the company have been modified. The site lies in a light
industrial and commercial area. The closest residents are about 1/4 mile to the north of the site.
Approximately 20,000 people live within a 1 1/2-mile radius of the property; 100,000 live within 3
miles. Local surface water is used for recreation and as a drinking water supply. The nearest
downstream supply intake is 1 mile away from the site. A tributary to Patroon Creek, which flows to
the Hudson River, runs next to the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, surface water, sediments, and soil were contaminated with heavy metals
including mercury, zinc, nickel, and arsenic. In addition, soil was contaminated with
PCBs. Because the site has been cleaned up, the areas of concern are limited to
contaminants that may remain in the stream or fish. The risk to personal health is
restricted to eating contaminated fish.
127
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the
entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: Under orders from the State, the owner excavated about 2,100 cubic yards
of mercury-contaminated soil and debris and 300 cubic yards of PCB-contaminated soil
and removed them from the site. An unknown amount of waste was found beneath the
furnace building and was left in place after being sealed with plastic sheets. The site was regraded
with clean fill and capped to keep rainwater from spreading any remaining contaminants. After
these cleanup actions, the State started a fish monitoring program in the nearby stream system to
determine if there are any potentially adverse health effects associated with the remaining mercury.
Contamination still is being detected, and groundwater monitoring is continuing to ensure the
effectiveness of the remedy.
Site Facts: In 1985, a Consent Order was issued by the State to the parties potentially responsible
for the contamination, requiring them to conduct cleanup activities at the site. In 1989, the State
issued another Consent Order that required Mercury Refining to curtail any further chemical releases
from plant operations to the environment. The company also must perform additional cleanup of
adjacent soils and pay for a wildlife impact study being conducted by the State.
Environmental Progress
The removal and containment of contaminated materials from the Mercury Refining site have
achieved the primary goals established for the cleanup of sources of contamination. Groundwater
and fish monitoring are continuing to ensure the effectiveness of the site cleanup work.
April 1991 128 MERCURY REFINING, INC
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NEPERA CHEMICAL
COMPANY, INC.
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYD000511451
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 21
Orange County
1 1/2 miles southwest of Maybrook
Site Description
The 23-acre Nepera Chemical Company site was once an industrial waste disposal facility. Between
1953 and 1968, Nepera Chemical Company, Inc. used the property to dispose of wastes from its
Harriman plant, which produced pharmaceutical and other industrial chemicals. In 1953, the State
issued a permit to the site owners allowing them to discharge sewage or wastes into the nearby
waters. Nepera started waste disposal processes with two lagoons and expanded to six. Discharge
began at 50,000 gallons each week and declined to 7,000 gallons a week in 1967. State inspectors
detected leakage from the lagoons in 1958 and 1960. The owners and the EPA found heavy metals,
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and phthalates in on-site test wells. Because of the State's
continuing concern about proper containment of the waste and the threat to a local well field, Nepera
discontinued operation of the lagoons in 1968. The last lagoon was filled in 1974. The lagoons
were situated in a narrow valley between two rock ridges. The property is now covered with grass
and is completely fenced. Approximately 6,500 people live within a 3-mile radius of the site. Public
water supply wells for Maybrook lie 800 feet north of the site; the system consists of three wells and
an infiltration gallery. Most residents outside the village rely on private wells, which tap local
groundwater, for household uses. The nearest residential well is about 500 feet west of the site.
Beaverdam Brook runs through the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Pyridines, a plastics by-product, and other compounds from chemical wastes have
been detected in groundwater monitoring wells and sludges on site. In addition,
VOCs and heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury have been
found in groundwater and sludge. Surface water and sediment samples also contain
pyridines and VOCs. People could be harmed if they ingest contaminated water or
come into direct contact with contaminated water or soil.
129
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: All lagoons were filled by 1974, and a fence was constructed to
restrict access to the site.
Entire Site: In 1988, under State monitoring, the site owner began an intensive study of
soil and water pollution at the site. This investigation will explore the nature and extent of
contamination problems at the site and will result in recommendations for final cleanup.
The EPA and the State approved the study work plan submitted by the owner in 1990. The study is
scheduled for completion in early 1993, after which the EPA will select the most appropriate
remedies for the site cleanup from the recommended cleanup alternatives.
Environmental Progress
By filling the waste lagoons and restricting access, the Nepera Chemical site has been made safer
while further investigations leading to the selection of final cleanup remedies are taking place.
April 1991 130 NEPERA CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.
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NIAGARA COUNTY
REFUSE
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD0005U257
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 32
Niagara County
Wheatfield
Other Names:
Niagara County Refuse Disposal District
Site Description
The 50-acre Niagara County Refuse site is an inactive landfill that was operated by the Niagara
County Disposal District from 1968 until 1976, when it was officially closed. Large amounts of
industrial solid and chemical wastes are buried on the site. Exposed refuse was covered with
about 20 inches of dirt and clay, and the site was graded. The Town of Wheatfield acquired the
site in 1976. The town of North Tonawanda, with a population of 36,000 lies about 1/2 mile
southeast of the site. Wheatfield's population is approximately 9,600. The marshy wetlands to
the north of the site from the headwaters of Black Creek, which flows into the Niagara River.
Contaminated runoff flows north into the creek or south into the river. The Niagara River is the
drinking water source for the city of Niagara Falls; its water supply intake is about 3 miles
downstream from the landfill. No known public or private wells exist in the area; water supply
comes from the outside of the site vicinity. Local surface waters are used recreationally.
Site Responsibility:
The site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and surface water are polluted with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and
heavy metals. Leachate discharging to the Niagara River contains heavy metals.
Sediment samples have high levels of phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs), and low levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). There is evidence that the
site cap is deteriorating, raising the potential for release of VOCs and possible surface
water erosion of wastes. The principal mode of human exposure to contaminants is
through drinking or coming into direct contact with water from the Niagara River and
Black Creek.
131
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
The EPA began an intensive study of water pollution at the site in 1987. A party
potentially responsible for contamination at the site took over the study in 1989. These
investigations are exploring the extent and nature of pollution problem and will result in
recommendations for final cleanup. The EPA plans to select a remedy for the site in mid-1992, once
the study is completed.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Niagara County Refuse site while further studies leading
to the selection of final cleanup remedies are taking place.
April 1991
132
NIAGARA COUNTY REFUSE
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NIAGARA MOHA
POWER CORP.
(SARATOGA
SPRINGS PLAN
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980664361
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 29
Saratoga County
Saratoga Springs
Site Description
The 7-acre Niagara Mohawk Power Corp. (Saratoga Springs Plant) site was used for coal gas
manufacturing by the Saratoga Gas Light Company, a predecessor company of Niagara Mohawk,
and then by various other companies from 1853 until the late 1940s. By-product materials
containing hazardous substances were disposed of at various locations at the site, and the site's
subsurface contains numerous coal tar waste deposits from these operations. Niagara Mohawk has
operated the site since 1950 as a multi-purpose service center including an electric substation,
natural gas facilities, and offices, as well as vehicle and equipment repair, maintenance, and storage
facilities. Transformers and other electrical equipment that may contain oil contaminated with
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are periodically stored outside the southwestern corner of the
shop building at the site. The site is located in a primarily residential area of Saratoga Springs.
Approximately 10,000 people live within a 1-mile radius of the site and receive their drinking water
supply from the city of Saratoga Springs. Loughberry Lake is the drinking water supply reservoir
for the city of Saratoga Springs and is located 2,000 feet upgradient of the site. Approximately
1,300 people in trailer parks and other residents nearby obtain their drinking water from private
wells located within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with coal tars. Sediments contain PAHs,
low levels of the pesticide DDT, and petrochemicals. On-site soils are contaminated with
PAHs and VOCs. Should site-related contaminants migrate into sources of drinking
water, area residents could be exposed to contaminants when drinking or using that
water. Village Brook crosses the site and runs underground once it leaves the site, until it
meets Spring Run, approximately 500 feet southeast. It is possible that area residents
could be exposed to contaminants located in the sediments of these two streams.
133
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation began an investigation into
the nature and extent of site contamination. The field work is underway and is expected to
be completed in the spring of 1991. This investigation is scheduled for completion in
1992, after which final cleanup technologies will be selected by the EPA.
Site Facts: The EPA and Niagara Mohawk Corp. signed a Consent Order in 1989 that specifies
Niagara Mohawk's responsibilities for performing an investigation of site contamination.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Niagara Mohawk Power Corp. (Saratoga Springs Plant)
site while further investigations are taking place.
April 1991 134 NIAGARA MOHAWK POWER CORP.
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NORTH SEA
MUNICIPAL LA
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980762520
Site Description
PA REGION 2
'NGRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Suffolk County
Southampton
The 130-acre North Sea Landfill is an active municipal landfill that is owned and operated by the
Town of Southampton. It has been accepting refuse, construction debris, and septic system waste
since 1963. The site is separated into four areas: Cell #1, Cell #2, Cell #3, and former sludge
lagoons. Cell #1 was used for the disposal of municipal solid waste, refuse, and debris. Cell #2 is
permanently closed, and Cell #3 is currently receiving municipal waste. Fourteen scavenger lagoons
were decommissioned in 1986 and have subsequently been filled with clean fill. There is a plume of
groundwater contaminated with heavy metals in an aquifer designated as the sole source of drinking
water in the area. The area within 1 mile of the landfill is residential, with a population of 1,500
people. In 1979, about a dozen private wells located within the area of groundwater contamination
were closed by the State. The site is located near the southern shore of Little Peconic Bay in an area
with extensive ponds, coves, and wetlands. Groundwater ultimately discharges into Fish Cove of the
Peconic Bay. The Peconic Bay system is a major recreational resource in this region.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy
metals. Water samples taken from Fish Cove showed the presence of cadmium, a heavy
metal. Off-site groundwater contamination may pose a health threat to people who drink
or touch it. The potential on-site health threats of primary concern are direct contact with
or accidental ingestion of surface wastes. People could also be exposed to contaminants
through participation in recreational activities at Fish Cove. Wetlands may be threatened
by contamination.
135
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: an initial action and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of Cell #1 and the former sludge lagoon area and cleanup of off-site
contamination.
Response Action Status
Initial Action: Temporary emergency water was provided until 1981, when
affected homes were connected to the public water supply.
Cell #1 and Former Sludge Lagoon Area: Cleanup actions to address site
contamination include closure of Cell #1 and sludge and soil sampling to assure that
no hazardous materials are leaching from the sludge lagoons. The parties potentially
responsible for contamination of the site have started designing the technical specifications for
closure of Cell #1 and sampling of the sludge and soil. Soil and sludge sampling results are
expected in the summer of 1991. The design phase is scheduled to be completed in early 1992.
Off-Site Contamination: The Town of Southampton currently is conducting an
investigation into the nature and extent of the off-site contamination. The
investigation includes installing additional monitoring wells and resampling all
existing wells to define the contaminants. This study will result in recommendations for final
off-site cleanup activities, and is scheduled to be completed in mid-1992.
Site Facts: In 1987, the EPA and the Town of Southampton executed an order requiring the
Town to conduct a study into site contamination and to recommend final site cleanup actions.
Cell #2 has been closed as required in the State Administrative Order.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that, with the provision of alternative water to residents formerly using contaminated private wells,
no other immediate actions are required at the North Sea Municipal Landfill site while further
investigations are completed and cleanup activities are being designed.
April 1991
136
NORTH SEA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
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OLD BETHPAGE
LANDFILL
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD980531727
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Nassau County
Oyster Bay
Site Description
The 65-acre Old Bethpage Landfill is an inactive municipal landfill that is part of a sanitary landfill
complex that was active until 1986. The Town of Oyster Bay began operations at the Old Bethpage
Landfill in 1957, primarily for disposing of incinerator residue. In 1967, the town began accepting
garbage and trash and allowed home owners to dump trash. From 1968 through 1978, liquid and
solid industrial process wastes and damaged drums containing organic residues were disposed of at
the site. Since 1978, metal hydroxide sludges have been the only industrial waste disposed of at the
landfill. The landfill was closed to further disposal in 1986. Several groundwater recharge basins
are used to dispose of scrubber water from incinerators. A methane gas collection system was
installed to prevent further off-site migration of landfill gas. Partial landfill capping provides some
barrier against groundwater contaminant migration. There are approximately 10,000 people living
within 1 mile of the site. The site is located above the Magothy Aquifer, which supplies many public
weils.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and municipal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Air is polluted with methane gas and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The
groundwater on site and leachate from the landfill are contaminated with heavy
metals including iron and manganese. The off-site groundwater is contaminated
with VOCs. The main health risks associated with this site are drinking
contaminated groundwater and inhaling contaminated air. The Village of
Farmingdale uses the public drinking water wells directly downstream of the
landfill and could be threatened by the contaminants.
137
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1982, a methane gas collection system was installed by the Town of
Oyster Bay to monitor and prevent migration of gas beyond the boundary of the site. A
leachate collection system has been operating at the landfill since 1983. It is designed to
collect, store, treat, and dispose of the leachate generated by the landfill. A clay cap was also applied
to 29 acres of the 65-acre site. Technologies selected to clean up groundwater contamination coming
from the landfill and source control of the landfill include: (1) installing, operating, and maintaining
a system of groundwater recovery wells and treating the recovered water by an air stripper and, if
necessary, carbon treatment; (2) completing the covering of the landfill to prevent water from
entering and thus spreading contaminants; and (3) monitoring to determine the effectiveness of the
cleanup actions. The Town of Oyster Bay and the State, under EPA monitoring, completed the
technical specifications and designs for the groundwater recovery and treatment systems and the last
portion of the capping program. Construction of the groundwater treatment system and the capping
program began in 1990.
Site Facts: In 1984, the Town of Oyster Bay signed a Consent Order agreeing to conduct an
investigation into the groundwater contamination at the site and to recommend alternatives for
cleanup of both on and off-site contamination. The final Consent Decree covering the design and
construction of the remedies selected by the EPA was approved by the court in 1988.
Environmental Progress
The cleanup actions, including the gas and leachate collection systems and the partial capping of the
landfill, have reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated air, leachate, and groundwater at
the Old Bethpage Landfill site while further cleanup activities are taking place.
April 1991 138 OLD BETHPAGE LANDFILL
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OLEAN WELL
FIELD
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980528657
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 34
Cattaraugus County
Olean
Site Description
The 1 1/2-square-mile Olean Well Field site is comprised of three public wells, 50 private wells,
and municipal and industrial dumps that contain high levels of trichoroethylene (TCE). Much of
the groundwater contamination is believed to be the result of industrial operations at several nearby
commercial establishments. Contamination of the areas was discovered in 1981. The public wells
were constructed in the 1970s to alleviate the need for the surface water treatment plant on Olean
Creek. After Olean city officials detected contamination of the public wells, the City discontinued
their use and reopened the surface water treatment plant on Olean Creek. Site-related contaminants
have migrated from shallow groundwater to deeper levels. The groundwater located in the upper
level flows toward and discharges into the Alleghany River. Approximately 18,200 people live in
the city of Olean.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Three public
wells and most residential wells also are contaminated. On-site soil at the manufacturing
facilities is contaminated with TCE and other VOCs. Area residents may have been
exposed to contaminants in their drinking water and through direct contact.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the groundwater and controlling the source of site contamination.
139
April 1991
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Response Action Status
immediate Actions: Thirty-two home carbon treatment units for drinking water were
installed on private wells and subsequent monitoring services were performed by the EPA
between 1983 and 1985. The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
(NYSDEC) and the EPA developed an interim cleanup action that provided for regular monitoring
and the installation of additional carbon adsorption units as necessary, until a permanent remedy was
put in place. In 1990, contaminated soil was excavated and removed from the area of a new office
building.
Groundwater: Based on the results of the site investigation, the remedies selected to
clean up the site include: (1) reactivating the municipal wells and treatment of the water
using an air stripping process to reduce the TCE contamination to a level that protects
human health; (2) extending the city water lines from the Town of Olean to connect approximately
93 residences currently served by wells; (3) inspecting the McGraw-Edison industrial sewer and
analyzing repair and replacement options; and (4) recommending institutional controls restricting
withdrawal of contaminated groundwater for drinking purposes. Five thousand feet of sewer lines
have been replaced or cleaned. Water main extension work was completed in 1989. These new
water mains will provide hydrants and fire protection to the targeted areas. Ah" strippers were
constructed at the municipal wells in 1989, which were reactivated in 1990. Operational issues are
being resolved.
Source Control: A work plan for the source control study was developed by the EPA
in 1989, in addition to a field operations plan. The goal of the investigation will be to fully
describe characteristics of known contaminant source areas, investigate other potential
source areas, and determine appropriate cleanup actions. The study is scheduled for completion in
1992.
Site Facts: The NYSDEC issued an order for an Administrative Hearing in 1981. A Notice Letter
was sent by the EPA in 1982 to the parties potentially responsible for contamination of the site. In
1984, the EPA issued Unilateral Administrative Orders to six individuals that currently or formerly
owned and operated commercial establishments suspected of contributing to site contamination. In
1984, the potentially responsible parties submitted a report highlighting investigative studies
required under the Order to the EPA and the NYSDEC. In 1989, a potentially responsible party was
issued an Administrative Consent Order to remove contaminated soil at the site of a new office
building.
Environmental Progress
The treatment of the groundwater and connection to city water supply lines have eliminated the
potential of exposure to hazardous substances in the drinking water and will continue to protect
affected residences until remaining cleanup activities are undertaken at the Olean Well Field site.
April 1991 140 OLEAN WELL FIELD
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PASLEY
SOLVENTS
AND CHEMI
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD991292004
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 05
Nassau County
Hempstead
Other Names:
Pasley Sales Corporation
The 1/2-acre Pasley Solvents and Chemicals site was a chemical distribution facility from 1969 to
1982, occasionally storing waste chemicals. Prior to this, Commander Oil used the site for gasoline
storage and fuel oil distribution. The Nassau County Health Department (NCDH) investigated the
site in 1981 and found the on-site soil and groundwater to be contaminated with organic solvents and
petroleum products. The NCDH ordered Pasley to clean up the site in 1982, but the company went
bankrupt and indicated they could not take responsibility for any cleanup actions. Approximately 50
homes are located within 1,000 feet of the site. These homes are supplied with water from the public
distribution system. Approximately 19,000 people live within a mile of the site. Over 110,000
people are served by municipal wells located within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Chlorinated solvents are contaminating the soil. The contaminated groundwater and soil,
if they are accidentally ingested or directly contacted, could be a health hazard to
individuals.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
141
April! 991
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Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1988, one of the parties potentially responsible for the site contamination
assumed the responsibility of conducting a study to determine the nature and extent of the
contamination. Monitoring wells have been drilled to investigate the contaminants in the
soil and the groundwater. Tanks have been removed and destroyed. A soil vapor contaminant
assessment has been conducted, and soil and sediment sampling have been completed. Additional
groundwater sampling to define the plume of contaminants is underway. The field work is
underway, and the study is scheduled to be completed in the summer of 1991.
Site Facts: In 1988, the EPA sent out Notice Letters to the potentially responsible parties,
informing them of their responsibility in the site cleanup operations. One of the parties has filed for
bankruptcy and has indicated that it would be unable to take responsibility for the site cleanup.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined that
no immediate actions were required at the Pasley Solvents and Chemicals, Inc. site while further
studies leading to the selection of final cleanup remedies are completed.
ApriM991 142 PASLEY SOLVENTS AND CHEMICALS. INC.
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PLATTSBURGH
AIR FORCE BA
NEW YORK
EPAID#NY4571924774
Site Description
REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 26
Clinton County
Pittsburgh
The 3,440-acre Plattsburgh Air Force Base site has served as a tactical wing in the Air Force
Strategic Air Command since 1955. From 1955 to 1987, hazardous wastes were generated from
such activities as aircraft maintenance and painting, fire fighting exercises, spills, and the
discharging of munitions. Hazardous wastes were deposited in unlined landfills and were burned in
unlined pits. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were found in two shallow monitoring wells
downgradient of the drum storage area during tests conducted by the Air Force in 1987. The Air
Force conducted preliminary field investigations into site contamination, which included sampling
of soil, groundwater, and surface water at several areas. Approximately 2,000 people obtain
drinking water from private wells located within 3 miles of the Base landfill. The site is located in a
mixed use area consisting of industries, commercial enterprises, and private residences, and is
bordered on the north by the Saranac River and the city of Plattsburgh. Lake Champlain is located
to the east of the site, and the Salmon River borders the base to the south.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Final Date: 11/21/89
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater located in two shallow monitoring wells downgradient of the site's drum
storage area and soils surrounding the drainage ditch areas are contaminated with various
VOCs. Runoff of leachate from the landfill areas is contaminated with VOCs, jet fuel,
and pesticides. Area residents could be exposed to contaminants in their drinking water
supply if runoff migrates into nearby private wells. However, this is unlikely, since
contaminated groundwater flow is toward Lake Champlain and not toward private water
wells. Another potential area of exposure is direct contact with contaminants located in
soil, groundwater, and surface water runoff. If migration of the contaminated leachate is
not stopped, Lake Champlain, the Salmon River, and the Saranac River all could be
affected.
143
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in six stages: initial actions and five long-term remedial phases focusing
on cleanup of the landfills, the drum storage area, the groundwater, the fire training area, and
remaining areas.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Pesticide-contaminated soils will be removed from the drum storage
area in mid-1991. In addition, the removal of petroleum products and solvents from soil
and groundwater in the fire training area is scheduled to begin in late 1991.
Landfills: Two landfills contain household waste and construction debris. Trace
quantities of VOCs have been detected down gradient of the landfills. A study of the site
to determine the full extent of contamination currently is being conducted and is expected
to be completed in 1992, at which time cleanup remedies will be selected.
Drum Storage Area: The Department of Defense (DoD) is conducting studies of the
contaminated soil in the drum storage area. These studies are scheduled for completion in
1992. Cleanup remedies will be selected shortly thereafter.
Groundwater: The DoD currently is conducting studies to determine the nature and
extent of groundwater contamination in the fire training area. These studies are expected
to be completed in 1992, when a cleanup remedy will be selected.
Fire Training Area: The soil and groundwater in the fire training area are contaminated
with petroleum products and solvents. A cleanup remedy will be selected after studies of
the nature and extent of the contamination are completed in late 1991.
Remaining Areas: Investigations into the nature and extent of contamination in 10
additional areas of the base are expected to begin in late 1991.
Site Facts: Plattsburgh Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a
specially funded program established by the DoD in 1978 to identify, investigate, and control the
migration of hazardous contaminants at military and other DoD facilities.
Environmental Progress
The planned activities to remove contaminated soils and petroleum products from the soil and
groundwater will reduce the potential for direct contact with these materials. Studies currently are
underway or are expected to begin soon at 10 additional areas of contamination at the Plattsburgh
Air Force Base site.
April 1991 144 PLATTSBURGH AIR FORCE BASE
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POLLUTION
ABATEMENT
SERVICES
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD000511659
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 29
Oswego County
Oswego
The 15 1/2-acre Pollution Abatement Services (PAS) site served as the location for a chemical waste
incineration facility from 1970 to 1977. The site consisted of three lagoons containing over a
million gallons of oil and mixed hydrocarbons, several large storage tanks containing contaminated
waste oil, and more than 15,000 leaking and deteriorating drums. Throughout the operation of the
facility, PAS experienced operational problems and was cited for numerous air and water quality
violations by State and Federal agencies. During this time, liquid wastes were collected and stored
on site in drums, open lagoons, and in aboveground and underground tanks. From 1973 to 1976,
lagoon overflows and liquid waste spills were common, releasing wastes into Wine Creek. During
this period, the U.S. Coast Guard, the EPA, and the New York State Department of Environmental
Conservation (NYSDEC) became involved in a number of immediate cleanup activities. Following
the closure of the site, all hazardous wastes were removed. Approximately 24,000 people reside
within 3 miles of the site. The immediate area is sparsely populated and is zoned primarily for
commercial and industrial activity. The site lies 1/2 mile from the shores of Lake Ontario. To the
north of PAS, two streams come together to form Wine Creek, which flows into Lake Ontario. The
Oswego municipal water treatment plant has a sn-face water intake system on Lake Ontario
approximately 1 mile from the point where Wine Creek enters the lake. Municipally supplied water
has been made available to residents, but several have opted to continue using private wells.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The on-site groundwater was contaminated with various heavy metals and volatile
organic compounds (VOCs). The on-site soil was contaminated with polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs). Sludges were contaminated with PCBs and heavy metals.
Contaminates in the surface water include such VOCs as methylene chloride, toluene,
and vinyl chloride. The potential existed for health risks, if contaminated groundwater
was accidentally ingested or directly contacted. Wine Creek and a wetland area, which
lie immediately northeast of the site, were threatened by the contaminants.
145
April! 991
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four stages: immediate actions and three long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of surface contamination, the entire site, and off-site contamination.
Response Action Status
~~U Immediate Actions: Over a 10-year span, the EPA performed many cleanup activities
&* to reduce threats to the public and the environment in the site area. In 1976, the EPA
R%«48fflffl
^s^ssa constructed a dike to prevent an overflow of contaminants from entering the groundwater
and soil in the surrounding area. In 1977, the EPA treated and discharged the contaminated
groundwater from the lagoons. A fence with a locked gate was constructed around the site in 1980
to keep unauthorized individuals from entering. That same year, the EPA overpacked and relocated
500 drums on site. An additional 1,200 drums were overpacked in 1981, and surface runoff controls
were installed. The site was covered with a clay cap, topsoil, and vegetation.
Surface Contamination: In 1982, the EPA removed superstructures and 10,000 drums
of contaminants from the site. In 1987, 500,000 gallons of contaminated groundwater
were pumped from the site and disposed of off site for treatment.
Entire Site: Based on the results of the site investigation, the EPA selected the following
methods for site cleanup: (1) limited excavations and removal of contaminated soil, as
well as the removal of subsurface tanks and drums to a federally approved landfill; (2)
construction of a perimeter slurry wall; (3) site grading followed by installation of an impermeable
cap; (4) groundwater recovery; (5) leachate collection; (6) removal of groundwater and leachate for
off-site treatment; and (7) groundwater monitoring. The State has excavated and removed
approximately 1,000 drums and all of the buried tanks. In addition, the State also installed leachate
and groundwater collection systems and completed the perimeter slurry wall and cap. As of 1989,
400,000 gallons of leachate were disposed of in off-site federally approved facilities. The State
completed the disposal of waste sludges, installed additional monitoring wells, and pumped and
disposed of contaminated leachate in 1990.
Off Site Contamination: Under EPA monitoring, the potentially responsible parties
are completing an investigation to determine the nature and extent of off-site
contamination and to identify alternatives for cleanup of the area outside of the slurry wall.
The investigation is scheduled to be completed in late 1992.
Site Facts: In response to a Notice Letter from the EPA, the parties potentially responsible for off-
site contamination agreed to complete the investigation into the nature and extent of the
contamination.
Environmental Progress
The numerous immediate and long-term cleanup actions described above have successfully met the
established goals for cleanup of surface and groundwater contamination at the Pollution Abatement
Services site, while further studies into off-site contamination are taking place. The State is
continuing to ensure that drinking water standards are maintained through constant groundwater
monitoring.
Aprj| ! 991 146 POLLUTION ABATEMENT SERVICES
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PORT
WASHINGTON
LANDFILL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980654206
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 03
Nassau County
North Hempstead
Other Names:
Town of North Hempstead L-4 Landfill
The Port Washington Landfill site is a 54-acre inactive portion of a municipal landfill. The landfill
is located on a 139-acre lot. The site was used from the 1880s as a sand and gravel mining
operation. Subsequent to mining activities, the property was used as a disposal area for construction
debris. In 1973, the Town of North Hempstead purchased the property and operated it as a
municipal landfill until closing it in 1983. Operation of the landfill during the 1970s resulted in the
generation of an off-site soil gas plume composed of methane and volatile organic compounds
(VOCs). In 1981, Southport Water District Well No. 5, located about 1,500 feet west of the landfill,
was closed due to evidence of organic chemical contamination. There are approximately 4,500
people living within 1 mile of the landfill. Residential areas adjacent to the landfill are served by the
Port Washington Water District. The closest public water supply well is located 2,000 feet south of
the landfill. The aquifers of primary concern are the upper glacial, the Magothy, and the Lloyd
aquifers. The landfill is bordered to the east by Hempstead Harbor. Site access is limited by fencing
and the typical security associated with an active municipal landfill.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and municipal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Vinyl chloride is of special concern because it has been detected in the on-site soil gas at
high concentrations. Other VOCs have been detected in off-site ambient air and in the
gas built up under the landfill surface. Groundwater and leachate are contaminated with
various VOCs. People may be at risk by drinking or otherwise coming in direct contact
with contaminated groundwater. As a result, the nearest public water supply well
(Southport) has been taken out of service as a precaution against possible contamination,
although no contaminants have been detected in this well. The potential health threat to
people resulting from recreational use of contaminated water or eating contaminated fish
is minimal.
147
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The Town has initiated the following immediate actions: (1)
installed numerous gas vents on the western edge of the landfill; (2) installed a manifold
system to collect the vented gas; (3) flared the collected gas; (4) improved the existing
leachate collection system; and (5) improved the dispersion of flared gases through the addition of a
stack. In 1987, the Town removed and sampled about 60 drums that were discovered buried near the
site. In 1989, the EPA completed installing landfill gas and groundwater monitoring wells on and
near the site. The EPA also conducted limited testing using devices known as "flux boxes" to
measure the amount of gases emitted from the landfill surface. In 1990, the Town installed a
perimeter gas collection and venting system.
Entire Site: The EPA selected the following groundwater, leachate, and air cleanup
technologies to address site contamination: closure of the landfill, rehabilitation of the
active gas collection system, and additional perimeter venting. Possible reactivation of
the Southport well with air stripping and installation of additional groundwater extraction wells are
proposed for the purpose of restricting further migration of contaminants in the groundwater. The
Town of North Hempstead began designing the technical specifications for the landfill closure, the
rehabilitation of the gas collection system, and the perimeter venting in late 1990. The engineering
design of the remedy is scheduled to be completed in late 1993.
Site Facts: A Consent Decree was signed by the EPA and the Town in 1990 for the Town to clean
up the site. Also during 1990, the Town and the EPA signed an Administrative Order under which
the Town agreed to install additional gas vents to prevent subsurface gass migration into a nearby
industrial park.
Environmental Progress
The numerous immediate actions described above have reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous substances at the Port Washington Landfill site while further cleanup activities are
planned.
April 1991 148 PORT WASHINGTON LANDFILL
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PREFERRED PLATING
CORPORATION
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980768774
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
Babylon
The 1/2-acre Preferred Plating Corporation site was the location of plating operations from 1951
until 1976, when the company filed for bankruptcy. The property was subsequently sold, and in
1982, the new owner filled in the leaching pits and constructed a building over them. The leaching
pits had been severely cracked and were leaking, allowing discharges into the groundwater. The
primary activities at the site included chemically treating metal parts to increase corrosion resistance
and to provide a cohesive base for painting. The plating processes included degreasing, cleaning,
and surface finishing of metal parts. These processes involved the use of various chemicals and
resulted in the generation, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste. Untreated wastewater,
produced by rinsing the metal parts between each process, was discharged to four concrete leaching
pits directly behind the original building. An automobile repair shop and other businesses now
occupy the site. There are approximately 4,500 people within 1 mile of the site. Approximately
15,000 people draw drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater underlying the site is contaminated with heavy metals including cadmium,
chromium, lead, and nickel. Low levels of chlorinated organics and cyanide also were
detected in a few samples. People risk harmful health effects by drinking or coming into
direct contact with contaminated groundwater and by inhaling contaminated groundwater
vapors.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on groundwater cleanup and
off-site contamination cleanup.
149
April 1991
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Response Action Status
Groundwater: The EPA installed eight on-site wells and six angle borings to determine
the nature and extent of contamination at the site. The groundwater cleanup technologies
selected include: pumping out groundwater, precipitating the metals contaminating the
groundwater, and reinjecting the purified groundwater into the aquifer. The EPA is preparing the
technical specifications and design for the selected groundwater cleanup technologies. Groundwater
cleanup activities will begin once the design phase is completed in late 1991. It is expected that the
groundwater system will be operable in 3 years.
Off-site Contamination: The potentially responsible party is conducting a study into
the nature and extent of groundwater contamination upgradient of the site and to determine
sources contributing to the contamination. The study is scheduled to be completed in late
1991. The EPA is conducting a study into the nature and extent of soil contamination at the site.
This study is expected to be completed in late 1991 as well. The final site remedy is expected to be
selected in early 1992.
Site Facts: The EPA sent Notice Letters to the parties potentially responsible for the site
contamination for the cleanup of the groundwater in 1988, but received no reply. A Special Notice
Letter was issued to an additional party in 1990 for the off-site contamination. An Administrative
Order on Consent between the EPA and the potentially responsible party was signed in late 1990,
requiring the party to investigate the upgradient groundwater portion of the off-site contamination.
Environmental Progress
After adding the site to the NPL, the EPA conducted preliminary investigations that showed the site
posed no immediate threats to human health or the environment while further studies and the design
of cleanup remedies are taking place. Although there is no present danger to the drinking water, the
EPA will ensure the safety of the water supply for nearby homes through the use of monitoring
wells around the site.
April 1991 150 PREFERRED PLATING CORPORATION
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RADIUM CHEMIC
COMPANY, INC.
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYDO01667872
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 07
Queens County
Woodside/Queens
Site Description
The Radium Chemical Company (RCC) site consists of one abandoned building on approximately
1/3 acre of land at 60-06 27th Avenue in Queens. From the mid-1950s through 1983, the company
leased specially packaged radium to hospitals for use in the treatment of cancer. When it was
abandoned, the facility contained a large quantity of radium-226 sealed in small metal tubes or rods
referred to as "needles," totalling approximately 110 to 140 curies. In 1983, the State ordered the
company to stop its business operations due to a series of regulation violations. State inspections
disclosed violations involving lost shipments of needles, radiation levels exceeding allowable
standards within the plant, and elevated radon levels, indicating microscopic defects in the needles.
The company ceased any further leasing of radioactive sources, but the missing needles were not
accounted for, and conditions at the plant did not improve. In 1987, the State ordered RCC to
remove its inventory of radioactive sources and to decontaminate the work site. In 1988, a State
judge declared the RCC site officially abandoned. Approximately 300,000 people reside within 3
miles of the site. The majority of the surrounding area is composed of light industry and small
businesses, with some residential areas within 1/2 mile of the site. The Brooklyn-Queens
Expressway is less than 10 feet from the site. A large health club is located within 100 feet of the
RCC facility.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 08/16/89
Final Date: 11/21/89
Threats and Contaminants
The building interior is contaminated with residual radium and radon gas from the former
site operations. A potential threat exists from inhalation of radon gas and exposure to
gamma radiation if people should enter the building on the site.
151
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Over a 9-month period, a cleanup effort by the EPA was
completed. During the months of July and August 1989, all of the needles on site were
repackaged to prevent the release of radioactivity and were removed in five shipments to
a facility in Nevada dedicated to the disposal of radioactive wastes. In August 1989, approximately
200 containers of non-contaminated flammables, poisons, and other reactive chemicals were sent for
incineration and disposal. In September 1989, one shipment of highly contaminated debris, tools,
and other materials found in the building also was sent to the Nevada facility. In total, 118.6 curies
of radium have been safely removed and disposed of at the Nevada facility. In addition, in
September and October 1989, four shipments of low-activity contaminated debris were sent to a
low-level radioactive waste disposal facility in Hanford, Washington. Five hundred pounds of
elemental mercury found in the building were recycled and sent to a facility in Pennsylvania.
Stringent operating and monitoring procedures to maintain public safety have been followed
throughout the immediate cleanup process. Twenty-four hour security at the site was maintained
throughout the cleanup action. A foam fire suppressant system also was in place to reduce the risk
of explosions and fires. These removal actions resulted in the greatest hazards being removed from
the site.
Entire site: In early 1990, the EPA prepared a study that outlines the nature and extent
of contamination remaining at the site and describes the various cleanup alternatives
evaluated. The EPA selected the final site remedy, which consists of partial
decontamination of the building, followed by its complete dismantling and disposal in appropriate
facilities. Cleanup actions began in mid-1990. Approximately 1/3 of the interior of the building has
been decontaminated or dismantled. Shipments of approximately 80,000 pounds of the
contaminated materials are expected to be transported to a facility in Utah beginning in mid-1991.
Cleanup is scheduled to be completed by mid-1992.
Site Facts: In July 1988, at the request of the State, the Supreme Court in Queens issued an order
finding that the company and its president could not perform their obligations and duties to secure
the plant adequately. The Attorney General also prosecuted the company for criminal violations of
the State labor law. In February 1989, the company was convicted of four violations and was fined
the maximum amount permitted by statute.
Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated materials described above, combined with additional site security
during the cleanup phase, has reduced the potential for exposure to radioactive materials at the
Radium Chemical site until cleanup is completed.
ApriM991 152 RADIUM CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.
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RAMAPO LAND
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD00051H93
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 22
Rockland County
Route 59,
1 mile northeast of the Village of Hillburn
Site Description
The Ramapo Landfill, covering 96 acres, opened in 1972. In 1978, the New York State Department
of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) denied the landfill operators an operating permit
because of an incomplete permit application and violations of State codes. The facility is reported to
have received sludge from a cosmetic company, sludge-like material from a pharmaceutical
company, and paint sludges from an automobile manufacturer, as well as wastes from other
facilities. Unauthorized dumping may have occurred at the site. In 1980, about 50 drums containing
an unknown waste were found near the site. Most of the landfill now is covered and graded. The
brush disposal area appears to be well maintained, and the leachate treatment pond is fenced. An
existing leachate collection system diverts surface and subsurface leachate from the landfill to the
treatment pond. Wastewater from the treatment pond then is discharged to the wastewater treatment
plant in the Village of Suffern. Historical groundwater quality data shows the presence of various
metals and organics. Wells providing water for the Spring Valley Water Company are near the site.
Although the landfill is legally closed, the Town of Ramapo still disposes of brush and debris on the
site. Approximately 50,000 people reside within 3 miles of the site, while only about 200 people
live within a mile. Four public water supply wells serving the Spring Valley Water Authority
systems, which potentially affect 200,000 users, are located within 1,500 feet west of the site just
across the Ramapo River.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
benzene, toluene, and xylene and heavy metals including mercury, lead, and cadmium.
Surface water is contaminated with heavy metals and phenols. Health risks may occur if
contaminated groundwater or surface water is accidentally ingested or directly contacted.
Leachate from the site is contaminating Torne Brook, a tributary of the Ramapo River,
leading to the further spread of contamination. Inhaling airborne contaminated vapors
from surface water and particulates from on-site soils also may pose a potential health
threat. Use of contaminated groundwater for bathing, showering, or cooking may cause
inhalation of VOCs that evaporate from the contaminated groundwater.
153
April! 991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site,
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The party potentially responsible for the site contamination, under State
authority, has begun an investigation to determine the nature and extent of contamination
and to identify alternatives for cleanup of the entire site. This study is expected to be
completed by late 1991.
Site Facts: The NYSDEC entered into an Administrative Order on Consent on February 8,1985
with the Town of Ramapo to construct a final leachate treatment system. The State signed an order
for site cleanup with the potentially responsible party on February 1,1988.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Ramapo Landfill site to the NPL, the EPA conducted a preliminary evaluation and
determined that no immediate cleanup actions were required at the site while further investigations
leading to final remedy selection are taking place.
April! 991 154 RAMAPO LANDFILL
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RICHARDSON
HILL ROAD
LANDFILL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980507735
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 25
Delaware County
Richardson Hill Road, 2 1/4 miles southwest
of Sidney Center
Other Names:
Bendix Waste Oil and Disposal Site
The Richardson Hill Road Landfill site covers 8 acres and contains a landfill that is composed of two
sections. The first part is in the northern section of the site; it contains two trenches. The second
part, located to the south of the first, contains a waste oil pit. From 1964 through 1969, the Bendix
Corporation disposed of hazardous wastes and unknown amounts of waste oil and equipment at the
site. The EPA discovered polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trichloroethylene (TCE), and vinyl
chloride on the site when they inspected it in 1982. A shallow ditch intercepts surface water that
runs off from the southern part of the site. The ditch empties into culverts that drain into two beaver
ponds at the northern end of Herrick Hollow Creek. This creek contributes water to the
Cannonsville Reservoir. Approximately 100 people live within a mile of the site. Three seasonal
homes are directly downslope from the site, and five other seasonal homes are downstream from the
site. However, none of these homes use water supplies that the site appears to affect. Also,
approximately 1,000 people who depend on surface water or groundwater for their drinking water
supply live within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/01/86
Final Date: 07/01/87
Threats and Contaminants
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and PCBs are contaminating the soil. Groundwater
at the site contains oily wastes and VOCs including dichloroethene and TCE. PCBs and
solvents are found in the surface water and sediments throughout the beaver ponds in
Herrick Hollow Creek. The site does not contain barriers to prevent people from gaining
access to the site; therefore, people could be exposed to hazardous chemicals through
direct contact. People also could come into contact with contaminants from the area's
drainage system, the two beaver ponds near the site, and the other creeks that surround it.
Also, fish in local streams and animals that depend on those surface water resources
could be contaminated.
155
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Allied, one of the parties potentially responsible for the site
contamination, will provide bottled water to residents in the area who cannot use their water
supply due to contamination from the site. Also, Allied put a temporary cap on the waste
oil pond in the southern part of the landfill to keep contaminants from migrating from the site.
Entire Site: Allied/Amphenol started a study of site contamination in 1987. Upon
completion of these studies in 1993, a cleanup remedy will be selected.
Site Facts: Allied/Amphenol signed an order in 1987 in which they agreed to complete an
investigation determining the nature and extent of site contamination. Sidney Landfill, also on the
NPL, is located directly across from the Richardson Hill Road Landfill Site.
Environmental Progress
By providing bottled water to those residents affected by contaminated groundwater, the potential
for exposure to hazardous materials will be greatly reduced. The Richardson Hill Road Landfill site
does not pose an immediate threat to the surrounding community or the environment while the
investigations leading to the selection of a final cleanup remedy are taking place.
April 1991 156 RICHARDSON HILL ROAD LANDFILL SITE
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ROBINTECH INC
NATIONAL PIPE
COMPANY
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD002232957
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
ONGRESSIONAL DIST. 28
Broome County
Town of Vestal
The Robintech, Inc./National Pipe Company site is an active manufacturing facility approximately
1 acre in size, in the Town of Vestal. The site was owned by Robinson Technical Products from
1966 to 1970; Robintech, Inc. from 1970 to 1982; and the National Pipe Co. from 1982 to the
present. The facility manufactures polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe from inert PVC resin and
assembles plastic-coated cable. A lagoon allegedly was used from 1968 to 1974 for the disposal of
chromic acid plating solution, caustic reverse plating etch, machine cutting oils, and toluene. More
than 1,500 gallons of liquid waste were dumped into the lagoon, which formerly had been a small
swamp. It has been almost completely filled with clean dirt and paved or covered with gravel. It is
being used as a storage yard for PVC pipe. The area immediately north of the site is a marshy
wetland area. An adjacent recreational facility, Skate Estate, receives surface drainage from the
National Pipe Co. site. Three municipal wells, serving the Vestal public water supply, are located
less than 3,000 feet from the site. An estimated 27,000 people reside within 3 miles of the site. The
groundwater in the area is used for municipal well water, with approximately 7,300 people
dependent on the well.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and soil are contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
including benzene, toluene, and methylene chloride. The soil also is contaminated with
heavy metals including lead, cadmium, and chromium. Contaminants in the surface
water and sediments include heavy metals and VOCs. Potential harmful health effects
include drinking contaminated water and direct contact with contaminated water or soil.
Surface water runoff leaving the site may overflow onto Skate Estate. Children playing
at this facility can come into direct contact with soil contamination or contaminated
runoff water.
157
April! 991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA negotiated an agreement with the potentially responsible party to
investigate the extent of contamination. The study, along with recommendations for
cleanup of the site, is scheduled for completion in 1991. The EPA then will select the
most appropriate remedies for site cleanup.
Site Facts: In October 1987, the EPA signed an order with the parties potentially responsible for
site contamination to complete an investigation to determine the extent and nature of contamination
and to identify alternatives for cleanup.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Robintech, Inc. site on the NPL, the EPA conducted a preliminary evaluation of the
conditions at the site and determined that no immediate actions were required to make the site safer
while investigations leading to the final selection of a cleanup remedy are taking place.
April 1991 158 ROBINTECH INC./NATIONAL PIPE CO.
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ROSEN BROTHER
SCRAP YAR
DUMP
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD982272734
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 25
Cortland County
City of Cortland
Other Names:
Rosen Brothers
Scrap King, Inc.
Site Description
The Rosen Brothers Scrap Yard/Dump site covers 20 acres adjacent to a residential/commercial area
in Cortland. The site is an abandoned industrial facility that formerly manufactured wire screens.
Before the facility burned to the ground in 1970, Wickwire Brothers, Inc. produced small metal
items and disposed of industrial waste on the site. From 1971 to 1985, the site was operated as a
scrap yard, car crushing, and scrap metal processing facility by Philip and Harvey Rosen. Municipal
waste, industrial waste, construction waste, timbers, and drums were disposed of in an unlined open
dump approximately 100 feet long, 50 feet wide, and 15 to 20 feet deep. Approximately 500 drums,
their contents unknown and many of them leaking, were on the surface, and drums had been buried
in two areas. Also on the surface were crushed cars and refrigerators, 5,000-gallon steel tanks,
approximately 10 fuel truck tanks, and an open pit containing water with an oily surface. In 1972,
1984, and 1985, the Cortland County Health Department cited the Rosen brothers for violating State
and County laws concerning waste handling. In 1985, the Department ordered Philip Rosen to take
some needed safety and cleanup measures, but the order was not complied with. Also in 1985, the
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) found that a building and a
150-foot smoke stack were structurally unsound. The site overlies the Cortland-Homer-Preble
Aquifer, a glacial outwash sand and gravel deposit. Public and private wells tapping the aquifer
within 3 miles of the site are the sole source of drinking water for an estimated 24,000 people. The
population within a 1-mile radius of the site is approximately 15,000. Perplexity Creek borders the
site and discharges about 2 miles downstream to the Tioughnioga River, which is used for
recreational activities. The southern border of the site abuts Cortland City High School, and the
Rosen site was used as a natural travel route for students walking to school.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
In 1986, NYSDEC detected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in on-site wells and soil
samples. On-site sediments contain pesticides, cyanide, chromium, and lead. An oily
film was observed on the Tioughnioga River. The installation of a fence around the site,
together with the presence of a 24-hour security guard, has eliminated the possibility of
individuals, except for those doing the cleanup work, making contact with on-site wastes.
159
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
x Immediate Actions: In 1987, the potentially responsible parties, under monitoring by
^\m the EPA, fenced the site, secured and segregated containers of hazardous materials,
*"" removed a number of gas cylinders, and sampled wastes. Beginning in late 1989, all
surficial hazardous wastes, including visibly stained soils and drums, were removed from the site.
This action was completed in April 1990.
Entire Site: Under EPA monitoring, the parties potentially responsible for the
contamination began an investigation in 1990 to determine the type and extent of
contamination remaining on site and to identify alternative technologies for the cleanup.
Test borings have been drilled, and soil samples and a soil gas survey have been taken. Currently,
groundwater, surface water, and sediments are being sampled. The study is scheduled to be
completed in early 1992. The EPA will then review the alternatives and will select the most
appropriate remedy for site cleanup.
Site Facts: In September 1988, the EPA issued an order requiring Dallas Corp., Keystone
Consolidated Industries, Inc., and Monarch Machine Tool Co. to secure the site and to transport
hazardous wastes to an EPA-approved facility. In January 1990, the EPA signed an Administrative
Order on Consent with Dallas Corp., Monarch Machine Tool Company, and Niagara Mohawk Power
Corp. to perform an investigation into the nature and extent of contamination at the site. In February
1990, the EPA issued a Unilateral Order requiring Agway, Inc., Cooper Industries, Inc., Keystone
Consolidated Industries, Inc., Potter Paint Company, Inc., Harvey M. Rosen, and Smith Corona Corp.
to participate in the investigation.
Environmental Progress
By fencing the site, posting a guard, and removing many of the hazardous materials visible on the
surface of the site, the EPA has reduced the potential for exposure to contaminants at the Rosen
Brothers Scrap Yard/Dump. The potentially responsible parties are conducting investigations into
final cleanup solutions for the remaining contamination at the site.
April 1991 160 ROSEN BROTHERS SCRAP YARD/DUMP
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ROWE IN
GROUND
CGNTAMIN
NEW YORK L
EPA ID# NYD981486954
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Suffolk County
1,500 feet south of the Village of Sag Harbor
Other Names:
Sag Harbor Groundwater Contamination Site
The Rowe Industries Ground Water Contamination site is located on the eastern side of the Sag
Harbor Bridgehampton Turnpike and consists of approximately 5 acres. From the 1950s through the
early 1960s, the site was owned and operated by Rowe Industries, Inc. During that time, the
company manufactured small electric motors and transformers. Rowe Industries was purchased by
Aurora Plastics, Inc. in the late 1960s and by Nabisco, Inc. in the early 1970s. In 1980, the site was
sold to Sag Harbor Industries, which uses the facility to manufacture electronic devices. Reports
from former workers indicated that spent solvents were discharged through drains leading from the
building into cesspools, directly onto the land surface, or to a small pond farther east. Groundwater
contamination first was discovered in the Sag Harbor area in 1983. The Suffolk County Department
of Health Services (SCDHS) stated that water samples taken from a private well revealed
contamination by solvents and iron. As a result of these findings, the SCDHS and the EPA
conducted further investigations. The results of monitoring studies of 46 private wells and 21
observation wells in 1984 indicated that the contaminated groundwater plume was approximately
500 feet wide, flowed northeast of the site, and contained chlorinated hydrocarbons. Approximately
6,000 people within a 3-mile radius of the site use groundwater as their primary source of drinking
water.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/01/86
Final Date: 07/01/87
Threats and Contaminants
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene
were detected in on-site monitoring wells. Health threats may exist from the migration of
contaminants via the groundwater or chemical vapors in the air. Potential contact with
contaminated groundwater through drinking well water is no longer a concern, because a
public water supply was made available to the affected residences in late 1984, and
public water was installed for all homes in the area in 1985.
161
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In response to the contaminated drinking water, the EPA extended
the public water supply mains to the 25 affected homes in 1985.
Entire Site: Under EPA monitoring, Nabisco, Inc. and Sag Harbor Industries, Inc.
initiated an investigation to determine the type and extent of groundwater contamination
and to identify alternatives for the cleanup. Field work was completed in February 1990.
The EPA is reviewing the draft report on the results of the investigation.
Site Facts: In February 1988, the EPA sent letters to potentially responsible parties notifying them
of their possible involvement. In September 1988, Nabisco, Inc. and Sag Harbor Industries, Inc.
signed an Administrative Order on Consent, requiring the companies to investigate the extent of
contamination on the property and in the vicinity of the site.
Environmental Progress
By providing a safe drinking water supply to those residences affected by contaminated
groundwater, the EPA reduced the potential of exposure to contaminants in the well water. The EPA
currently is reviewing the results of a study conducted by the potentially responsible parties and soon
will recommend the final cleanup remedy.
April 1991 162 ROWE INDUSTRIES
GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
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SARNEY FARM
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD980535165
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 21
Dutchess County
Armenia
The Sarney Farm site is an open dump in a farming area of Amenia. Several small villages are
located nearby. A former owner used a 5-acre section of the property as a dump for municipal
and industrial wastes. The site received ethylene dichloride in 55-gallon drums, cleaning
solvents, inks, acids, water-base glue, and machine oil from 1965 until 1969. Groundwater
contamination was confirmed by the Dutchess County Department of Health in 1982 and by
New York State in 1984. The site is 500 feet from Cleaver Swamp, which has provided water
for farm livestock in the past. There are 22 residential wells utilizing the bedrock aquifer within
3,000 feet of the site. There are no public water supplies located within the area. Approximately
3,000 people live within 1 mile of the site; 10,000 live within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL USTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater beneath the site is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
including toluene, dichloroethane, and vinyl chloride. Leachate analysis has identified
VOCs including acetone, toluene, and xylenes. Potential contaminant migration is
limited to Cleaver Swamp, which receives surface water runoff from the disposal areas
and is a local groundwater discharge area. The major health concern is the use of
contaminated groundwater for domestic uses. There has been a decrease in agricultural
use of the area, including pasturing of domestic livestock. Therefore, exposure to
contaminants through the consumption of livestock has been essentially eliminated.
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April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In an effort to reduce the levels of organic pollutants and to reduce
the potential for migration of contaminants to Cleaver Swamp, the EPA began developing
a biodegradation/aeration treatment system in 1987. The system is used to treat leachate
and wastes from the original dump site and migratory areas. The reactor consists of a grid of french
drains with perforated drain piping flowing into a concrete pit, aeration equipment in the pit, a
control building, a nutrient batching system, pumps, electrical power supply, and process controls.
Entire Site: The EPA completed an investigation into the type and extent of
contamination at the site in 1990. The cleanup action plan includes on-site low-
temperature thermal treatment of contaminated soils, off-site disposal of drums, and
hydrogeological testing. The design of the cleanup is expected to be completed in 1992.
Environmental Progress
A treatment system for the contaminated leachate and wastes from the Sarney Farm site currently is
operative, reducing the migration of and the threat of exposure to contaminants at the site while final
cleanup activities are being designed.
April 1991 164 SARNEY FARM
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SEALAND
RESTORATI
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD980535181
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 26
St. Lawrence County
Lisbon
The Sealand Restoration, Inc. site covers 210 acres and is located in the Village of Lisbon. The site,
formerly a dairy farm, was acquired by Sealand Restoration in 1977 and was operated as a waste
disposal site. Petroleum wastes were landfilled in a disposal cell near the southern site boundary or
spread on the ground surface in the central and northern parts of the site. Three areas are being
addressed: a landspread area, an empty drum storage area, and a disposal cell located 100 yards
from a wetland. Approximately 1,000 people reside within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/26789
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
benzene, trichloroethene, and acetone and heavy metals. Trace amounts of
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticide compounds were found in the landspread
area. Low-level concentrations of phenols and heavy metals also were found. Potential
health risks exist to those who come into direct contact with the contaminants,
accidentally ingest contaminated vegetation, or drink the contaminated groundwater.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases directed at interim source control and
cleanup of the entire site.
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Response Action Status
Interim Source Control: Aboveground wastes were removed from the cell disposal
area in 1984 and from the empty drum storage area in 1987 by the County of St.
Lawrence, using funds appropriated by the New York State Legislature. From 1989 to
1990, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation removed contaminated soils,
buried drums, and wastewater from the cell disposal area.
Entire Site: A study to determine the type and extent of groundwater contamination
and whether there is remaining contamination and to develop methods for site cleanup
began in 1990 and is scheduled for completion in 1993, at which time appropriate
cleanup remedies will be selected.
Environmental Progress
By removing the drums and contaminated soils from the Sealand Restoration site and fencing off the
cell disposal area, the possibility of being directly exposed to hazardous materials at the site has been
reduced. Further investigations to determine the extent of groundwater and remaining soil
contamination and to select the final cleanup remedies for the site are underway.
ApriM991
166
SEALAND RESTORATION, INC.
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SENECA ARMY
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NY0213820830
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 33
Seneca County
Near the Town of Romulus
The Seneca Army Depot site encompasses 10,600 acres. It lies between Cayuga and Seneca Lakes
in the Finger Lakes region and abuts the Town of Romulus. The Army has stored and disposed of
military explosives at the facility since 1941. There is an unlined 13-acre landfill in the western
portion of the depot, where solid waste and incinerator ash were disposed of intermittently for 30
years, until 1979. The site also has two incinerator pits adjacent to the landfill, where refuse was
burned at least once a week from 1941 to 1974, and a 90-acre area in the northwestern portion of the
depot, where explosives and related wastes have been burned and detonated during the past 30 years.
There also is an APE-1236 Deactivation Furnace in the western portion of the depot, where small
arms are destroyed. Seneca Army Depot employs about 700 civilians and 300 to 400 military
employees. People live in a farmhouse near a field where seeps occur. Approximately 1,350 people
obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the depot.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
trichloroethylene (TCE), vinyl chloride, and chloroform. Soils are contaminated with
heavy metals, buried metal turrets, and VOCs. People who accidentally ingest or come
into direct contact with contaminated groundwater or soil may suffer adverse health
effects.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the ash landfill
and the open burning areas.
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Response Action Status
Ash Landfill: The Army is conducting an investigation to determine the nature and
extent of contamination in the ash landfill area. The EPA has provided the Army with
comments, which are being incorporated into the investigation work plan. Field work is
scheduled to begin in fall 1991.
Open Burning/Open Detonation Area: The Army is planning an investigation to
determine the extent of contamination in the open burning/detonation area. This
investigation is planned to begin in 1991. An additional 56 Solid Waste Management
Units (SWMU) have been identified. The EPA, the Army, and the State will address some of these
areas through the normal permit process and other areas of concern through cleanup actions. Areas
of concern will be added on an ongoing basis by the three parties involved and later will be grouped
into specific cleanup phases. It is expected that 10 to 15 separate contaminated areas will be
addressed.
Site Facts: The Seneca Army Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a
specially funded program established by the Department of Defense (DoD) in 1978 to identify,
investigate, and control the migration of hazardous contaminants at military and other DoD facilities.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Seneca Army Depot site to the NPL, the EPA determined, after an initial
evaluation, that the site did not require immediate actions to make it safer to the surrounding
communities or the environment while investigations leading to the selection of final cleanup
remedies are underway.
April 1991 168 SENECA ARMY DEPOT
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SIDNEY LANDFIL
NEW YORK
EPA iD# NYD980507677
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 32
Delaware County
Sidney
The Sidney Landfill site covers 50 acres of a hilltop located on the eastern side of Richardson Hill
Road, approximately 1 mile from Route 27 in the Town of Sidney. This landfill is located in a
sparsely populated area of steep hills, woods, and farmland. The Sidney Landfill operated from
1964 until 1972 and accepted municipal and commercial waste, and possibly, waste oils. Waste
streams from the landfill may have contained organic solvents and polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs). Groundwater and surface water in the area could become contaminated, because the landfill
is located on a hilltop and slope, where water can flow in different directions at the same time. A
wetland area and Herrick Hollow Creek are immediately downslope from the site. A private well at
the base of the hill was closed because of a high iron content. Organic solvents are present in the
bedrock and soil off site. This poses a threat to local springs that feed into nearby drainages. The
site is covered, but is not properly capped to prevent water from seeping through it. Leachate seeps
have been associated with this landfill since the 1960s. This is a sparsely populated area of woods
and farmlands, where 1,700 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the
site. Chemical analysis of the residential water supply shows that the shallow groundwater
supplying three homes is contaminated with organic compounds. These wells were sealed off, and
the residents are using bottled water provided by the Amphenol Corporation.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater on and off site contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
solvents and PCBs. The leachate, sediments, and surface water on site contain VOCs.
Solvents and PCBs are in the on-site soils. The site is not completely fenced, which
makes it possible for people and animals to come into direct contact with hazardous
substances in the soils on site. People would be more likely to come into direct contact
with hazardous chemicals at leachate seeps and drainage ditches along Richardson Hill
Road. Exposure to hazardous chemicals also could occur if the soil or bedrock off site
contaminates the springs and groundwater that local area residents use for bathing and
drinking.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Three contaminated residential wells have been sealed off and
bottled water is being provided to the affected residents.
Entire Site: The EPA started a study of this site in 1990 to determine what chemicals
have contaminated the area and how far that contamination extends on and off the site.
The EPA plans to complete the study in 1992, at which time it will select the final remedy
for cleaning up the site.
Site Facts: The EPA has sent 53 letters notifying potentially responsible parties of their liability
and requesting them to initiate cleanup actions. Richardson Hill Road Landfill Site, also listed on
the NPL, is located directly across from the Sidney Landfill site.
Environmental Progress
Sealing contaminated wells and providing an alternate water source to affected residents have
reduced exposure to contaminants in the water. The EPA's preliminary evaluations determined that
no other immediate cleanup actions were needed at the Sidney Landfill site while the investigations
leading to the selection of a final remedy are taking place.
April! 991 170 SIDNEY LANDFILL
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SINCLAIR REFINER
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980535215
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 34
Allegany County
S. Brooklyn Avenue in Wellsville
Site Description
The Sinclair Refinery site covers 103 acres where the Wellsville Refining Company refined oil from
the late 1800s until 1924. The Sinclair Refining Company (now ARCO) purchased the property in
1924 and operated it until 1958, when a fire ended operations. The property changed ownership
during the next few years, including the Town and Village of Wellsville, the State University of New
York, and the various companies now owning and occupying the site. Various types of wastes
including cloth filters, oil sludges, contaminated soil, pesticides, heavy metals, and fly ash were
disposed of in a 12 1/2-acre landfill over a 30-year period. The landfill consists of a 9-acre Central
Elevated Landfill Area, a 2-acre South Landfill Area, and a 1-acre sand and gravel area between the
two landfills. The landfill part of the site is located along the west bank of the Genesee River, about
1 1/4 miles upstream from the Village of Wellsville's original water supply intake pipe. The EPA,
the State, and ARCO relocated the town's river water intake farther upstream of the landfill in 1985,
so contaminants in that part of the river no longer threaten the water supply. The river is eroding the
ground under the landfill, and surface waters off site could become contaminated if the river's flood
waters are high enough to reach the landfill. Approximately 6,000 people live within a mile of the
landfill. Several businesses and the State University of New York's Alfred Campus are located on
the refinery portion of the Sinclair property. Approximately 500 people use the buildings located on
this part of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State,
municipal, and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and soils contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), petrochemicals, and
heavy metals. Potential human exposure from drinking water has been essentially
eliminated as a result of the relocation of the Wellsville Water Treatment Plant intake
pipe. On-site workers who inhale or touch contaminated groundwater or soil could be at
risk.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on stabilization of the landfill and source control in the refinery area of the site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1983, ARCO removed approximately 10 loose drums from the
Genessee River. In 1983, the State of New York diverted the Genesee River away from
the eroding face of the landfill and placed dredged material there as temporary protection
against erosion. Later in 1983, the Village of Wellsville, Allegany County, and the State of New
York stabilized the berm constructed to divert the Genesee River to protect the eroding landfill. In
1985, the Town's river water intake was relocated upstream from the landfill.
Stabilization of the Landfill: The EPA selected the following remedies to stabilize the
eroding landfill: (1) remove approximately 300 drums from the landfill and dispose of
them off site; (2) excavate wastes from the 2-acre landfill area; (3) place clean fill in the
excavated area; (4) consolidate excavated wastes to the central landfill area; (4) cap consolidated
wastes in the central landfill area; (5) partially channelize the Genesee River to protect the landfill
from erosion or flooding; and (6) construct a fence around the entire landfill to secure it. The EPA
approved the designs and project plans to implement the river channelization portion of the remedy
in February 1990 and the landfill consolidated portion in September 1990. Fieldwork commenced in
1990, and both of these activities are expected to be completed by mid-1991. Capping of the
consolidated landfill is still in the design stage, with site activity planned for 1991.
Source Control/Refinery Site: Under EPA monitoring, the potentially responsible
parties are studying the site, the sources of contamination, and various methods for
cleaning up the site. Containment and excavation are being explored as possible solutions
to the contamination. The EPA is scheduled to select a strategy to carry out the final cleanup effort
in 1991.
Site Facts: An agreement was signed between the Village of Wellsville, the State of New York,
and ARCO, which detailed how ARCO would finance the plan to stabilize the diversion berm
constructed by the State in 1983. The EPA sent a Letter of Acceptance to ARCO in April 1988,
accepting their proposed work on the Genesee River.
Environmental Progress
The removal of many sources of contamination and actions taken to ensure a safe drinking water
supply have made the site safer while work to stabilize the landfill is underway. Further
investigations into controlling the source of contamination at the Sinclair Refinery site are in
progress.
Aprill991 172 SINCLAIR REFINERY
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SMS
INSTRUMEN
INC.
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYDO01533165
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
Deer Park
SMS Instruments, Inc. is located in a light industrial area in Deer Park. The site consists of a one-
story 34,000-square-foot masonry building on 1 1/2 acres. Approximately 80% of the lot is paved
with asphalt. From 1971 to 1983, SMS Instruments, Inc. overhauled military aircraft components.
Industrial wastes generated from degreasing and other refurbishing operations routinely were
discharged to a leaching pool on site. Another source of waste disposal was a 6,000-gallon
underground storage tank used for jet fuel storage. In 1979 to 1980, the Suffolk County Department
of Health detected solvents in the pool. The County installed monitoring wells, and subsequent
investigations at the site during 1981 revealed 70 drums stored outdoors in an unprotected area,
some showing evidence of corrosion and leakage. More than 50 industrial facilities are located
within a 1-mile radius of the site, and a large groundwater recharge basin is located adjacent to the
eastern side of the site. The basin is located in the recharge zone of the Magothy aquifer, a sole
source aquifer for Long Island. The Magothy aquifer is the only source of drinking water for the
estimated 124,000 residents in the vicinity of the site. Approximately 17,000 residences are located
within a mile of the site. Several schools are situated to the south of the site. The headwaters of
Sampawams Creek, which feeds into Guggenheim Lakes, lie a mile southeast of the site. Belmont
Lake State Park is less than 2 miles to the southwest.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Industrial waste from the metal degreasing and refurbishing operations caused
groundwater contamination with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including xylene,
toluene, and benzene. The on-site leaching pools were contaminated with heavy metals
including chromium, zinc, lead, and cadmium. Soil is contaminated with chlorinated
solvents. Potential health risks may exist for individuals drinking, coming in direct
contact with, or inhaling vapors from the contaminated groundwater. The Suffolk
Department of Health Services has indicated that residents in the vicinity of the site may
maintain private wells for irrigation purposes, but not as a source of drinking water.
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April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the entire site and cleanup of the off-site contamination.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The leaching pool was pumped out, filled with sand, and sealed in
1983. The underground storage tank was removed in 1988.
Entire Site: The EPA's plan to clean up the site includes extracting and treating
groundwater at the site and discharging it back to the ground. Soils will be treated on site
by air stripping to remove contaminants. The EPA is in the process of preparing the
engineering specifications for these cleanup technologies. The design is expected to be completed in
1991.
Off-Site Contamination: In May 1990, the EPA began an investigation to determine
the type and extent of contamination off site. The investigation is expected to be
completed by early 1992. Based on the result of this investigation, a plan to control and
clean up the source of this contamination will be developed.
Environmental Progress
The immediate actions described above have reduced the spread of on-site contamination while a
final cleanup solution for off-site contamination is being planned, and the investigation of off-site
contamination is underway at the SMS Instruments, Inc. site.
April 1991 174 SMS INSTRUMENTS. INC.
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SOLVENT
SAVERS
NEW YORK
EPAID#NYD980421176
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 25
Chenango County
Lincklaen
The Solvent Savers site covers 13 acres in the Town of Lincklaen. Industrial solvents and other
wastes were brought to the facility for reprocessing or disposal from 1967 until 1974. Operations
included distillation to recover solvents for reuse, drum reconditioning, and burial of liquids, solids,
sludges, and drums in several on-site areas. The quantities and types of wastes disposed at the site
and their locations are not fully known. Two residences are located within 300 feet of the site.
Public water supplies do not exist in the general area; therefore, the residents rely on private wells.
The Town of Lincklaen has a population of approximately 500 people. Fifteen dairy farms are
located in the town. Pastures for dairy cows are located 2 miles from the facility along a portion of
Mud Creek, which is downstream of the site. Mud Creek is classified as a trout stream by the State
and is used for recreational activities and livestock watering. In addition, alfalfa, corn, and other
crops for human and livestock consumption are grown in the area.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, surface water, and soil are contaminated with volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) including benzene, toluene, chloroform, phenol, and vinyl chloride.
The soil and groundwater contain heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and zinc. The
soil also is contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). People who
accidentally ingest or come into direct contact with contaminated groundwater, surface
water, soil, or sediments may be at risk. Cows grazing in nearby pastures may be harmed
if contaminants migrate to the fields. Wildlife in and around Mud Creek may be exposed
to pollutants seeping from the site into the water.
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April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The EPA has excavated 127 drums, some badly corroded, and
overpacked them into leakproof outer drums. These drums and the remaining drums on
the site, which are to be excavated and overpacked, will be disposed of at a federally
approved facility. The EPA expects to remove all the remaining drums by the end of 1991.
Entire Site: The EPA completed a study of the nature and extent of the contamination at
the site in 1991. The selected remedy includes low temperature thermal extraction for the
excavated VOC-contaminated soils and removal of the excavated PCB-contaminated soils
off site for incineration and disposal. Further studies will be performed to assess the feasibility of
these remedies. Design of the chosen cleanup technology is expected to begin in 1991.
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA issued an Administrative Order to the parties potentially responsible
for the site contamination, directing them to take responsibility for cleaning up the site.
Environmental Progress
The excavation and stabilization of many of the drums stored on the site have reduced the risk of
people being exposed to hazardous materials while further investigations have led to the selection of
a final cleanup remedy for the Solvent Savers site.
April 1991 176 SOLVENT SAVERS
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SUFFERN VILLA
WELL FIELD
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980780878
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 22
Rockland County
Village of Suffern
The Suffem Village Well Field site covers 30 acres in the Village of Suffern. The Village operates
four production wells that provide water to approximately 12,000 people at a rate of almost 2 million
gallons per day. In 1978, the State detected trichloroethane, a volatile organic compound (VOC), in
the municipal water distribution system. Currently, wells 1, 2, and 4 are shut down due to the
contamination. The Tempcon Corporation, a small oil burner reconditioning business, was
identified as the source of the contamination. The company is located 2,500 feet uphill of the well
field. Until 1979, the company used a seepage disposal pit and trichloroethane-based solvents.
During investigations, coal gasification wastes were found at the Econo-Body Truck and Equipment
Corporation, located approximately 400 feet away from the well field. The amount of waste
material left by the coal gasification facility, which operated from 1902 to 1935, has not been
determined. Approximately 10,800 people live in the Village of Suffern. All of the residents in the
area use municipally treated water. The well field is adjacent to the Ramapo River.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/10/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater was contaminated with VOCs, primarily trichloroethane, and lesser
amounts of dichloroethane and naphthalene. Soils also were contaminated with VOCs.
177
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1979, the contaminated soil was excavated, aerated, and then
backfilled. In 1979, the Village installed a system to remove pollutants in the municipal
water supply by exposing the water to air to evaporate contaminants. This system was
operated intermittently and currently is not in service.
Entire Site: The State completed an investigation of the site contamination in 1987.
Based on the study results, the State and the EPA decided that due to the presence of only
moderate levels of contaminants, and predicted low levels in the future, that no further
cleanup actions were warranted. However, the State is monitoring the site to ensure the site cleanup
has been effective.
Site Facts: As a result of new State drinking water quality standards, the Village installed an
activated carbon treatment system at the wellfield in 1990.
Environmental Progress
The cleanup actions at the Suffern Village Well Field site have been completed to both the EPA's
and the State's satisfaction, therefore protecting the public health and the environment. The State
will continue to monitor the site to ensure the long-term effectiveness of the remedy.
April 1991 178 SUFFERN VILLAGE WELL FIELD
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SYOSSET
LANDFILL
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYD000511360
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Nassau County
Oyster Bay
The Syosset Landfill, in the Town of Oyster Bay, is approximately 33 acres in size. The landfill is
bordered by the Long Island Railroad to the northwest and the Cerro Wire and Cable Company plant
to the southwest. Single family residences and an elementary school are located to the northeast of
the site. Offices and storage yards for the Town of Oyster Bay Sanitation and Highway Departments
occupy the southern end of the site. From 1933 to 1975, the landfill received mixed municipal
refuse, cesspool pump-out wastes, and industrial wastes from such sources as Cerro Wire and Cable
Corp., Columbia Corrugated Container Corp., and the Hooker Chemical Company located in
Hicksville. Investigations revealed high concentrations of heavy metals in the industrial sludges
being deposited, as well as in wastes discharged from scavenger plant operations. In addition,
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in two private wells and one Jericho Water District well are
substantially above safe drinking levels. In 1974, the public water well located 600 feet from the
landfill was closed due to taste and odor problems allegedly resulting from the leachate plume
coming from the landfill. Gas migration from the landfill to the South Grove School, which is
located along one side of the site, was documented on several different occasions in the early 1980s.
A permanent ventilation trench subsequently was constructed along the school landfill border.
Approximately 59,000 people depend on groundwater from public, municipal, and private wells for
drinking water in the area. The nearest well is 2,000 feet from the site. There are approximately
1,200 homes, 12 public schools, and one hospital complex located within 1 1/4 miles from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL USTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains low levels of VOCs including vinyl chloride, benzene, toluene,
and xylene; heavy metals including lead, arsenic, chromium, cadmium, manganese, and
iron; and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Accidental ingestion and direct contact with
contaminated groundwater are potential health threats for individuals living near the site.
Health threats associated with gas migration from the landfill have been eliminated.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the on- and off-site contamination.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: A permanent ventilation trench has been constructed to reduce gas
migration from the site to the school area. Air analysis performed in 1983 indicated that
the gas concentrations in the area north of the ventilation trench were reduced to non-
detectable levels.
On-Site Contamination: The potentially responsible party completed an investigation
to determine the extent and nature of on-site contamination. The EPA selected a remedy
in 1990, which includes capping the landfill, monitoring and maintaining the gas collection
system, installing an additional gas venting system, monitoring the air and groundwater quality,
maintaining the fence around the perimeter of the landfill, and implementing institutional controls to
restrict future use of the landfill. The design of the remedy is scheduled to begin in mid-1991.
Off-site Contamination: The potentially responsible parties plan to address the
possible migration of contaminants from the landfill. A work plan for this investigation
has been submitted, and field work planned to begin in mid-1991 will measure the extent
of off-site contamination and identify alternatives for the cleanup.
Environmental Progress
Elimination of gas vapor migration from the landfill has made the air around the site safe to breathe.
The EPA's preliminary evaluations showed that the Syosset Landfill site does not pose any other
immediate threats to the neighboring community or the environment while investigations leading to
the selection of final cleanup remedies are taking place.
April 1991 180 SYOSSET LANDFILL
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TRI-CITY BARREL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980509285
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 27
Broome County
Adjacent to Old Route 7 in Fenton
Tri-City Barrel is a 3 1/2-acre site in the Town of Fenton where, since 1955, used drums were
reconditioned. The drums were washed with a strong caustic agent as part of the reconditioning
process. The wastewater from this process then was discharged into unlined lagoons and allowed to
evaporate. This process continued until 1980. The company cleaned out and backfilled the lagoons
and now stores the wastewater in a holding tank before it is disposed of off site. Osborne Creek
crosses the northern part of the site, and local residents use surface water downstream and within 3
miles of the site for recreation. Approximately 3,500 people obtain drinking water from wells within
3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 05/05/87
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater contains polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlordane, a
pesticide. The soil is contaminated with a variety of organic compounds and
heavy metals. Direct contact with or ingestion of contaminated groundwater or
soils poses a health threat. The site is unfenced, making it possible for people and
animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances. There is fishing
and boating activity about a mile south of the site. In addition, surface water also
is used for irrigation at two nearby farms.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1990, the EPA began to study the nature and extent of contamination of
the site. The study is scheduled to be completed in 1993. The EPA will use the results of
this study as a basis for the best methods to clean up the site.
Site Facts: In 1984, the EPA fined the Tri-City Barrel Company for failure to label hazardous
wastes properly.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Tri-City Barrel site to the NPL, the EPA conducted an initial evaluation and
determined that no immediate cleanup actions were necessary while the investigations leading to the
selection of a final cleanup remedy are taking place.
April 1991
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TRONIC PLATING
CO., INC.
NEW YORK
EPAID# NYD002059517
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
NGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suffolk County
Farmingdale
The Tronic Plating Co., Inc. site comprises 1/2 acre of a 2 1/2-acre lot and is located in a relatively
flat area of Farmingdale. Tronic Plating occupied the southeastern corner of a long building in an
industrial park area from 1968 to 1984, where it provided electroplating and metal protective coating
services for the electronics industry. The site consists of the long building, two inside aboveground
storage tanks, four underground leaching pools, and a storm drain in the paved area to the northeast
of the building. During its operation, the facility discharged industrial wastes into a sanitary pit and
the four underground leaching pools. The storm drains, which were located approximately 40 feet
from the northern rear door of the operation, allegedly also were utilized by Tronic Plating to
dispose of potentially hazardous effluent. New York State issued a Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System permit to Tronic in 1980. Tests conducted by the New York State Department of Health
(NYSDOH) in 1985 detected heavy metals including copper, silver, iron, zinc, lead, and cadmium in
the leaching pools and in the storm drain. The company now is operating in another location. The
building space where it formerly operated is occupied by three small companies. About 16,000
people in the area use groundwater as their sole source of drinking water. The population within a
1-mile radius of the site is estimated to be about 1,800 people. The closest residences are located
approximately 1,000 feet east of the site. An industrial school is located 3/4 miles northeast of the
site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
183
April 1991
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Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is suspected to be contaminated with cyanide and heavy metals.
Surface water located in industrial process and waste streams (storm drains, sanitary
pools, leaching pools, piping to industrial pools, and the cooling water pool) are
contaminated with cyanide and heavy metals including nickel and lead. It is assumed
that the dissolved contaminants can migrate through the on-site soils into the groundwater
because of the sandy, highly permeable soil native to Long Island. If migration should
occur, area residents could be exposed to site-related contaminants by drinking or coming
in direct contact with the groundwater. Another potential source of exposure to site-
related contaminants is direct contact with contaminated soils or inhalation of
contaminants that have become airborne.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire She: The party potentially responsible for the site contamination started an
investigation defining the site contamination and effective cleanup methods in 1988 and
anticipates completing it in 1991. The EPA will evaluate alternatives and select the most
appropriate remedies for cleanup of the site.
Site Facts: Commerce Holding Company signed an Administrative Order on Consent that
obligates the company to conduct an investigation of site contamination under EPA supervision.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Tronic Plating Co., Inc. site on the NPL, the EPA performed a preliminary
evaluation and determined that the site does not pose an immediate threat to the community or the
environment while investigations to determine final cleanup remedies are taking place.
April 1991 184 TRONIC PLATING CO.. INC.
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VESTAL WATER
SUPPLY WELL 1-
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980763767
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 28
Broome County
Vestal
The Vestal Water Supply Well 1-1 is located on the southern bank of the Susquehanna River in
Vestal. An industrial park is located immediately to the southeast of the well, along Stage Road.
Several marshy areas and drainage ditches encompass and interlace the industrial park. The western
portion of the site includes a water district well field, a soccer field, and a fire department training
center. Well 1-1 is one of three production wells in Water District 1 intended to provide drinking
water to several water districts in the Vestal area. The well is moderately contaminated with several
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including trichloroethylene (TCE). Well 1-1 was the main
source of water for District 1 until 1978, when it was c: ,sed. Well 1-2 was the main source of water
until 1988, but it is permanently incapacitated as a result of wellscreen problems. Well 1-3 now is
the primary supply of drinking water to the service area. The original Vestal Water Supply Site also
contained Well 4-2 in District 4. However, this well was separated into its own NPL site, Vestal
Water Supply Well 4-2, when it was discovered that the District 1 and 4 wells were contaminated by
two separate sources. Well 1-1 has pumped concaminated groundwater into the Susquehanna River
ever since contamination was discovered in 1978, in order to prevent the contaminant plume from
affecting other District 1 wells. In late 1982, a preliminary investigation was conducted to determine
the nature and extent of the contamination. The industrial park along Stage Road was implicated as
a possible source. Approximately 27,000 people reside in the Town of Vestal, and approximately
17,000 rely on public water supplies for drinking water.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Pollution from the Stage Road Industrial Park apparently has caused the groundwater to
be contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals. Soils in the
industrial park also contain VOCs and heavy metals. The use of untreated water from
Well 1-1 by the residents of Vestal could have exposed a significant portion of the town's
population to contaminants before the well was closed in 1978. The western portion of
the site includes several wetlands and a State-owned forest. The site also borders the
Susquehanna River and Choconut Creek, which face potential pollution from
contaminant migration from the groundwater.
185
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the groundwater and source remediation.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Well 1-1 was removed from service in 1978.
Groundwater: Based on the results of the site investigation performed by the State, the
following cleanup methods were selected: (1) restoration of District 1 water supply
capacity to the level that existed prior to the loss of Well 1-1; (2) provision of a water
supply to the district that provides a high level of public health protection; (3) hydraulic containment
of the plume contaminants by pumping Well 1-1, thereby protecting other District 1 water supply
wells; and (4) treatment of groundwater from Well 1-1 by air stripping to stop the discharge of
contaminated water to the Susquehanna River. A packed column air stripping system to remove
VOCs from the groundwater is scheduled to go online once problems with the well pump are
rectified.
Source Remediation: The EPA has completed an investigation that identified specific
source areas of contamination within the industrial park and evaluated possible
contaminant source control measures to eliminate further pollution of the groundwater. Design of
the selected remedy is underway and includes treatment of contaminated soils by in-situ vapor
extraction and monitoring of groundwater, with future treatment for heavy metals only if necessary.
Environmental Progress
By closing down the contaminated well and making Well 1-3 the primary supplier of drinking water,
residents no longer are being exposed to contaminated drinking water. Well 1-1 will be used again
for the public water supply and will no longer be pumped into the Susquehanna River as soon as the
treatment system is operational, thus protecting the public health and the environment. Final cleanup
actions currently are underway to permanently address contamination at the site.
ApriM991 186 VESTAL WATER SUPPLY 1-1
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VESTAL WATBR
SUPPLY
WELL 4-2
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980652267
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 28
Broome County
5 miles southwest of the City of Binghamton
Site Description
The Vestal Water Supply Well 4-2 site is a municipal well contaminated by a bulk chemical
handling facility. Contamination was discovered in 1983, and the well was taken out of service.
The well has been contaminated with trichloroethane, trichloroethylene (TCE), and other solvent-
related compounds. Similar contaminants were detected in other wells located in Water District 1.
The original "Vestal Water Supply Site" was separated into two sites; the other site is known as
Vestal Water Supply Well 1-1. This was done as a result of discovering that separate plumes of
contaminated groundwater emanate from two different sources. Approximately 27,000 people
reside within 3 miles of the site, and 17,000 people rely on public water supplies for drinking water.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Public Well 4-2 is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
TCE. Drinking or using the contaminated groundwater from Well 4-2 or using the water
for bathing or other domestic uses could be a potential health threat
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: an initial action and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
187
April! 991
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Response Action Status
Initial Action: To protect public water supplies, Well 4-2 was removed from service in
1983.
Entire Site: Since early 1989, the site has been undergoing cleanup through the use of
carbon filtration, flushing, and an air stripping process that removes volatile contaminants
by exposure to air. These ongoing treatment activities are designed to decontaminate the
well supply by cleaning up the groundwater resources.
Site Facts: The State signed a settlement agreement with three potentially responsible parties in
1984, which outlined cleanup actions and a series of groundwater standards that must be achieved.
Discovery of contamination in Well 4-2 in 1983 led to its removal from service.
Environmental Progress
By closing Well 4-2, exposure to contaminants has been reduced, thereby protecting the public
health. Since 1989, groundwater treatment systems have been operating at the site and continue to
reduce contamination levels. Groundwater decontamination will continue until safety levels set for
the Vestal Water Supply Well 4-2 site have been met.
April 1991
188
VESTAL WATER SUPPLY WELL 4-2
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VOLNEY MUNICIPA
LANDFILL
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980509376
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 29
Oswego County
Silk Road in Volney
Other Names:
Silk Road Landfill
The Volney Municipal Landfill covers 58 acres in the Town of Volney, which is in a rural area of
Oswego County. The Oswego Valley Solid Refuse Disposal District Board (OVSRDDB) owned
and operated the landfill from 1969 to 1975, when Oswego County bought it. From 1969 to 1983,
the unlined landfill accepted municipal wastes from homes, businesses, and light industries. The
landfill expanded in the 1970s to include a system for collecting leachate and a drainage system in
the central and northern sections. In 1974 and 1975, the landfill accepted up to 8,000 barrels of
chemical residues from a local hazardous waste treatment facility. Of these, between 50 and 200
drums contained liquids of unknown content and condition. The County ceased disposing wastes at
the site in 1983, and by the fall of 1985, the County completed its operations to close the site.
Leachate from the landfill has contaminated sediments, groundwater, and surface water in the area.
Approximately 200 residents in this rural area use groundwater from private wells within 3 miles of
the site. Twenty-five households within 1,000 feet of the landfill rely on groundwater as a primary
supply of drinking water.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through a
combination of Federal, State, and
County actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater contains heavy metals including arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium,
mercury, and nickel. Sediments, surface water, and leachate from the landfill contain
heavy metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene. Potential
pathways of exposure to the contaminants at the site include drinking contaminated
groundwater and surface water and accidental ingestion of contaminated sediments and
soil. Eating contaminated fish or animals could pose a health threat. Geologic conditions
at the site make it possible for wastes in the deteriorating drums on site to contaminate
groundwater that serves as the drinking water supply for local residents.
189
April! 991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on controlling the source of
contamination and cleaning up the entire site.
Response Action Status
Source Control: The County ceased operations at the landfill in 1983, and it completed
closure of the landfill in the fall of 1985. The EPA chose the following methods to
prevent the landfill from polluting the surface water and groundwater: (1) construct a cap
on the side slopes of the landfill; (2) install a system for collecting leachate around the northern and
southern sections of the landfill with accompanying slurry walls, collection wells, and drain
segments; and (3) construct a system to treat the leachate in an on-site treatment plant or transport it
to an off-site facility for treatment. The EPA will determine the specific treatment method when the
treatability studies performed during the design phase that is currently underway are completed in
1993.
Entire Site: Oswego County currently is studying the nature and extent of groundwater
and surface water pollution from the landfill. This study, which will lead to the selection
of final cleanup remedies, is expected to be completed in 1993.
Site Facts: The State signed a Cooperative Agreement with Oswego County in December 1984 to
clean up the landfill. The State of New York entered into a Consent Order with Oswego County for
control of the leachate problem and closure of the site. The landfill was closed in the fall of 1985 in
compliance with the municipal landfill closure regulations of the New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation. In late 1990, the EPA and Oswego County signed a Consent Order for
a study of the nature and extent of contamination at the entire site.
Environmental Progress
The EPA has selected the cleanup technologies to control the source of contamination, but
investigations into the groundwater and surface water cleanup still are underway. Final cleanup
actions will commence at the Volney Municipal Landfill site once the investigations and design of
the selected remedies are completed.
April 1991 190 VOLNEY MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
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WARWICK LA
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980506679
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 22
Orange County
Warwick
Other Names:
Penaluna Landfill
The Warwick Landfill site is a lined landfill that occupies roughly 13 acres of a 25-acre parcel
fronting on Penaluna Road. The surrounding area is hilly, with interspersed residential areas and
woods. Both wetlands and rock outcroppings lie next to the landfilled areas. In about 1957, the
Town started to take in municipal wastes at the site under a permit from the county health
department. Industrial chemical wastes also may have been disposed of at the site over an
undetermined period of time. The site now is privately owned. In 1977, the owner leased it to Grace
Disposal and Leasing, Ltd. In 1979, the State sampled leachate seeping from the site and detected
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The State then issued a restraining order and closed the
landfill. Surface water is threatened because drainage from the site enters a stream that flows into
Greenwood Lake, a major recreational resource located about 1 1/2 miles from the landfill.
Groundwater contamination is the main concern, because residents depend upon it for drinking
supplies. Approximately 2,100 residents within 2 miles of the site depend on private wells for
drinking water. The closest home is 250 feet south of the site, along Penaluna Road. Greenwood
Lake, a recreational community, lies about 1 1/2 miles southwest of the site. Although residences in
this community are hooked up to a public water supply, dwellings outside the village rely on private
wells.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/01/85
Final Date: 03/30/89
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater contains low levels of VOCs and metals. Leachate, surface water,
and sediments at the site contain low levels of VOCs, as well as phenol and heavy metals
including chromium, mercury, lead, and copper. The exposure of greatest concern is
from coming into contact with contaminated groundwater. Sampling has indicated that
three private wells near the landfill contain contaminants in concentrations that exceed
State or Federal drinking water standards. These residences are being provided with
bottled water by the State.
191
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on source control and
controlling the migration of contaminants.
Response Action Status
Source Control: In 1989, the EPA began an intensive study of groundwater, surface
water, and soil contamination at the site. This investigation explored the nature and extent
of pollution problems at the site and was completed in early 1991. The EPA plans to
select remedies for cleanup in late 1991.
Migration Control: The EPA will begin additional studies into controlling the
migration of contaminants in late 1991.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Warwick Landfill site to the NPL, the EPA conducted an initial evaluation and
determined that no immediate actions are needed while the investigations leading to selection of the
final cleanup remedies are taking place.
April 1991 192 WARWICK LANDFILL
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WIDE BEACH
DEVELOPMENT
NEW YORK
EPA ID# NYD980652259
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 31
Erie County
Brant
Wide Beach Development is a 55-acre suburban development of 60 homes located in Brant, a small
community on Lake Erie, north of the Cattaraugus Indian Reservation. From 1968 to 1978, the
Wide Beach Homeowners Association applied about 155 cubic meters of waste oil to the local
roadways to control dust. Some of the oil was contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
Roads, driveways, parking spaces, storm drains, and homes were contaminated from the oil
applications. In 1980, workers excavated soil from around the roadways while installing a sanitary
sewer line in the development. Unaware that a PCB problem existed, residents used this soil as fill
in their yards and in a community recreation area. Subsequent sampling revealed PCBs in the air,
road dust, soil, vacuum cleaner dust, and water samples from private wells. Lake Erie is the western
boundary of Wide Beach. The site drains through a system of swales and ditches into a stream and
marsh south of the development. This stream flows into Lake Erie, as does surface runoff from the
site. The area around the site is residential and agricultural. All residents of the development
receive their water from private wells. Approximately 5,000 people within a 3-mile radius of the site
depend on municipal and private wells for drinking supplies.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
PCBs have been detected in the air, groundwater, sediments, soil, and surface water.
Wetlands near the site also have been contaminated with PCBs. Health hazards include
coming into direct contact with contaminated soils, ingesting contaminated water, or
inhaling contaminated vapors.
IV
193
ApriM991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: emergency response actions and two long-term remedial
phases directed at cleanup of the entire site and restoration of the wetland.
Response Action Status
Emergency Actions: In June and July of 1985, in response to the levels of PCBs found
in Wide Beach homes, the EPA acted to protect residents from contaminated runoff and
dust until a long-term remedy could be applied. This emergency action included paving
the roadways, driveways, and drainage ditches; decontaminating homes by vacuuming, rug
shampooing, and replacing air conditioner and furnace filters; installing paniculate filters on
individual wells to protect the population from the sporadic PCB contamination of groundwater, and
repairing a storm drain to alleviate flooding problems. In late 1990, additional well water sampling
and the replacement of existing filters were performed to ensure public safety. EPA workers also
conducted field sampling to support design of the final cleanup.
Entire Site: The EPA selected a remedy for this site in 1985, which includes: (1)
excavating the PCB-contaminated soils in the roadways, drainage ditches, driveways,
yards, and wetlands; (2) disposing of the contaminated asphalt and recycling
uncontaminated asphalt to paving operations; (3) chemically treating the PCB-contaminated soils;
(4) backfilling excavated areas with treated soils; (5) repaving roadways and driveways; (6) treating
the water in the sewer trench and building a hydraulic barrier at the end of it; and (7) sampling in
other areas of the development to better define the extent of the pollution. The EPA demonstrated
the effectiveness of the proposed soil treatment process at the site in 1988 as part of a treatability
study to determine if the proposed approach for chemically neutralizing the PCB-polluted soils
would be effective. The technical specifications for the cleanup were completed in 1989. Final
cleanup actions are underway. The treatment of contaminated soil is expected to be completed in
late 1991.
Westland Restoration: During site studies, a wetland area was discovered. It is being
adversely affected by site cleanup activities and will be restored during this phase. The
restoration activities are being designed and will be implemented beginning later in 1991.
Restoration of the wetlands is scheduled to be completed by the end of 1992.
Environmental Progress
The EPA performed numerous emergency response actions at the Wide Beach Development to make
conditions safer for the residents while the investigations leading to the selection of cleanup actions
took place. Final cleanup actions currently are underway to permanently address contamination
from the site.
ApriM991 194 WIDE BEACH DEVELOPMENT
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YORK OIL
COMPANY
NEW YORK
EPA ID#NYD000511733
Site Description
EPA REGION 2
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 26
Franklin County
Next to the Town Hall and the
Moira Town Highway Garage
Other Names:
Pierce Dump
The York Oil Company recycled waste oil at this 17-acre site on County Road #6,1 mile northwest
of Moira from 1962 until 1975. In 1975, the facility was sold to another registered industrial waste
collector. In 1980, the property was transferred to two Moira residents who salvaged the metal
storage tanks and sold a portion of the site later that year. In 1982, the County assumed title because
of unpaid property taxes. Operators collected crankcase industrial oils, some containing
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), from sources throughout New England and New York. They
stored or processed the oils at the site in eight aboveground storage tanks, a series of three earthen-
dammed settling lagoons, and at least one underground storage tank. The recycled PCB-
contaminated oil either was sold as No. 2 fuel oil or was used in dust control for the unpaved roads
in the vicinity of the site. During heavy rains and spring thaws, the oil-water mixture from the
lagoons often would overflow onto surrounding lands and into adjacent wetlands, which the
company purchased in 1964. Contamination at the site first was reported by a State road crew in
1979. Homes lie along the main roads, interspersed with active and inactive agricultural and pasture
land. Approximately 1,700 people live within a 3-mile radius of the site; 400 live within a mile.
Residents rely on private wells for drinking water; 13 wells exist within 1/2 mile of the site,
supplying water to about 40 people. Extensive sampling of well water has revealed no site-related
contaminants.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, soils, sludge, sediments, and surface water are contaminated with
phenolics, heavy metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and PCBs. The
groundwater used by area residents for drinking water currently is not contaminated.
However, there is a potential that pollutants may migrate and reach the private wells.
People who come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated surface
water, sediments, soil, or sludge may be at risk. Wetlands near the site are sensitive
environments that may be threatened by contaminants. Despite some cleanup actions,
PCB contamination remains at the site and in the wetlands. The wildlife inhabiting the
wetlands also may be harmed by the site pollutants.
195
April 1991
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: emergency actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on source control and off-site contamination pathways.
Response Action Status
Emergency Actions: The EPA began emergency cleanup activities at the site in 1980.
Workers secured the site to limit access and to reduce the threat of direct contact with
hazardous substances. Workers removed oil and contaminated water from the lagoons,
which then were filled with a concrete by-product and sand. The top 3 feet of oil-soaked soil were
excavated from the neighboring wetlands. Contaminated oil was transferred to aboveground storage
tanks, and contaminated soil was contained on the site. Contaminated water from one of the lagoons
was treated and discharged into the wetlands. An interceptor trench was dug to alter the flow of
surface water and groundwater. The EPA conducted additional emergency actions in 1983.
Workers collected oil seeping into drainage ditches, installed a new filter fence system, and posted
warning signs. The EPA developed a schedule for collecting oily leachate and replacing sorbent
pads and began monitoring the site.
Source Control: The EPA selected a remedy for controlling the source of the
contamination in 1988. It features: (1) excavating 30,000 cubic yards of contaminated
soils and solidifying this material on the site; (2) installing deep groundwater draw-down
wells at the edges of the site to collect the sinking contaminated plume; (3) installing shallow
dewatering wells to collect contaminated groundwater and oil during excavation; (4) treating these
liquids and discharging the clean groundwater in accordance with State environmental rules; (5)
removing about 25,000 gallons of contaminated tank oils, as well as other oils collected at the site, to
an EPA-approved facility to be safely burned; (6) cleaning and demolishing the empty storage tanks;
(7) grading over the solidified soil; and (8) inspecting the site every five years to assure that human
health and the environment continue to be protected. During the design of the remedy, the EPA will
study the proposed solidification process to ensure its effectiveness. Should this approach prove
inadequate, the EPA will investigate the feasibility of incinerating the soils on site. The EPA began
negotiating with the potentially responsible parties to perform the engineering design for this remedy
in September 1988. Cleanup activities will begin once the remedial design is completed, scheduled
for 1992.
Off-Site Contamination: The first stage of the long-term cleanup dealt only with the
site proper. This second phase will study off-site contamination pathways, particularly
the PCB-contaminated wetlands. The State began an intensive study of the problem in
1986, which was completed by the EPA in September 1988. The second phase of this investigation,
planned for completion in late 1992, is exploring the nature and extent of pollution problems around
the site and will recommend the best strategies for final cleanup.
April 1991 196 YORK OIL COMPANY
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Site Facts: A Consent Decree was signed by the EPA and the potentially responsible parties in late
1990 for the engineering for the parties to perform the design of the source control remedy. The
parties potentially responsible for the off-site contamination declined to undertake the investigation
into the nature and extent of contamination.
Environmental Progress
The EPA performed numerous emergency removal actions, posted a guard, and erected a security
fence to limit access to the site, which reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous materials at
the York Oil Company site while cleanup actions for on-site contamination are designed and further
studies of off-site contamination are taking place.
YORK OIL COMPANY
197
April!991
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APPENDIX A
Glossary:
Terms Used
in the
Fact Sheets
199
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GLOSSARY
This glossary defines terms used
throughout the NPL Volumes. The
terms and abbreviations contained in
this glossary apply specifically to work
performed under the Superfund program in
the context of hazardous waste management.
These terms may have other meanings when
used in a different context.
Terms Used
in the NPL
Book
Acids: Substances, characterized by low pH
(less than 7.0), that are used in chemical
manufacturing. Acids in high concentration
can be very corrosive and react with many
inorganic and organic substances. These
reactions possibly may create toxic com-
pounds or release heavy metal contaminants
that remain in the environment long after the
acid is neutralized.
Administrative Order On Consent: A legal
and enforceable agreement between the EPA
and the parties potentially responsible for site
contamination. Under the terms of the Order,
the potentially responsible panics (PRPs)
agree to perform or pay for site studies or
cleanups. It also describes the oversight rules,
responsibilities, and enforcement options that
the government may exercise in the event of
non-compliance by potentially responsible
parties. This Order is signed by PRPs and the
government; it does not require approval by a
judge.
Administrative Order [Unilateral]: A
legally binding document issued by the EPA,
directing the parties potentially responsible to
perform site cleanups or studies (generally,
the EPA does not issue Unilateral Orders for
site studies).
Aeration: A process that promotes break-
down of contaminants in soil or water by
exposing them to air.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
Registry (ATSDR): The Federal agency
within the U.S. Public Health Service charged
with carrying out the health-related responsi-
bilities of CERCLA.
Air Stripping: A process whereby volatile
organic chemicals (VOCs) are removed from
contaminated material by forcing a stream of
air through it in a pressurized vessel. The
contaminants are evaporated into the air
stream. The air may be further treated before
it is released into the atmosphere.
Ambient Air: Any unconfined part of the
atmosphere. Refers to the air that may be
inhaled by workers or residents in the vicinity
of contaminated air sources.
Aquifer: An underground layer of rock,
sand, or gravel capable of storing water
within cracks and pore spaces, or between
grains. When water contained within an
aquifer is of sufficient quantity and quality, it
can be tapped and used for drinking or other
purposes. The water contained in the aquifer
is called groundwater. A sole source aquifer
supplies 50% or more of the drinking water of
an area.
Artesian (Well): A well made by drilling
into the earth until water is reached, which,
from internal pressure, flows up like a foun-
tain.
201
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GLOSSARY.
Attenuation: The naturally occurring pro-
cess by which a compound is reduced in
concentration over time through adsorption,
degradation, dilution, and/or transformation.
Background Level: The amount of a sub-
stance typically found in the air, water, or soil
from natural, as opposed to human, sources.
Baghouse Dust: Dust accumulated in remov-
ing particulates from the air by passing it
through cloth bags in an enclosure.
Bases: Substances characterized by high pH
(greater than 7.0), which tend to be corrosive
in chemical reactions. When bases are mixed
with acids, they neutralize each other, form-
ing salts.
Berm: A ledge, wall, or a mound of earth
used to prevent the migration of contami-
nants.
Bioaccumulate: The process by which some
contaminants or toxic chemicals gradually
collect and increase in concentration in living
tissue, such as in plants, fish, or people, as
they breathe contaminated air, drink contami-
nated water, or eat contaminated food.
Biological .Treatment: The use of bacteria or
other microbial organisms to break down
toxic organic materials into carbon dioxide
and water.
Bioremediation: A cleanup process using
naturally occurring or specially cultivated
microorganisms to digest contaminants and
break them down into non-hazardous compo-
nents.
Bog: A type of wetland that is covered with
peat moss deposits. Bogs depend primarily
on moisture from the air for their water
source, are usually acidic, and are rich in plant
residue [see Wetland],
Boom: A floating device used to contain oil
floating on a body of water or to restrict the
potential overflow of waste liquids from
containment structures.
Borehole: A hole that is drilled into the
ground and used to sample soil or ground-
water.
Borrow Pit: An excavated area where soil,
sand, or gravel has been dug up for use
elsewhere.
Cap: A layer of material, such as clay or a
synthetic material, used to prevent rainwater
from penetrating and spreading contaminated
materials. The surface of the cap generally is
mounded or sloped so water will drain off.
Carbon Adsorption: A treatment system in
which contaminants are removed from
groundwater and surface water by forcing
water through tanks containing activated
carbon, a specially treated material that
attracts and holds or retains contaminants.
Carbon Disulfide: A degreasing agent
formerly used extensively for parts washing.
This compound has both inorganic and or-
ganic properties, which increase cleaning
efficiency. However, these properties also
cause chemical reactions that increase the
hazard to human health and the environment.
Carbon Treatment: [see Carbon Adsorp-
tion].
Cell: In solid waste disposal, one of a series
of holes in a landfill where waste is dumped,
compacted, and covered with layers of dirt
CERCLA: [see Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response, Compensation, and Liabil-
ity Act].
Characterization: The sampling, monitor-
ing, and analysis of a site to determine the
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extent and nature of toxic releases. Character-
ization provides the basis for acquiring the
necessary technical information to develop,
screen, analyze, and select appropriate
cleanup techniques.
Chemical Fixation: The use of chemicals to
bind contaminants, thereby reducing the
potential for leaching or other movement.
Chromated Copper Arsenate: An insecti-
cide/herbicide formed from salts of three toxic
metals: copper, chromium, and arsenic. This
salt is used extensively as a wood preservative
in pressure-treating operations. It is highly
toxic and water-soluble, making it a relatively
mobile contaminant in the environment.
Cleanup: Actions taken to eliminate a
release or threat of release of a hazardous
substance. The term "cleanup" sometimes is
used interchangeably with the terms remedial
action, removal action, response action, or
corrective action.
Closure: The process by which a landfill
stops accepting wastes and is shut down,
under Federal guidelines that ensure the
protection of the public and the environment.
Comment Period: A specific interval during
which the public can review and comment on
various documents and EPA actions related to
site cleanup. For example, a comment period
is provided when the EPA proposes to add
sites to the NPL. There is minimum 3-week
comment period for community members to
review and comment on the remedy proposed
to clean up a site.
Community Relations: The EPA effort to
establish and maintain two-way communica-
tion with the public. Goals of community
relations programs include creating an under-
standing of EPA programs and related ac-
tions, assuring public input into decision-
making processes related to affected commu-
nities, and making certain that the Agency is
aware of, and responsive to, public concerns.
Specific community relations activities are
required in relation to Superfund cleanup
actions [see Comment Period].
Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA): Congress enacted the
CERCLA, known as Superfund, in 1980 to
respond directly to hazardous waste problems
that may pose a threat to the public health and
the environment. The EPA administers the
Superfund program.
Confluence: The place where two bodies of
water, such as streams or rivers, come to-
gether.
Consent Decree: A legal document, ap-
proved and issued by a judge, formalizing an
agreement between the EPA and the parties
potentially responsible for site contamination.
The decree describes cleanup actions that the
potentially responsible parties are required to
perform and/or the costs incurred by the
government that the parties will reimburse, as
well as the roles, responsibilities, and enforce-
ment options that the government may exer-
cise in the event of non-compliance by poten-
tially responsible parties. If a settlement
between the EPA and a potentially respon-
sible party includes cleanup actions, it must
be in the form of a Consent Decree. A Con-
sent Decree is subject to a public comment
period.
Consent Order: [see Administrative Order
on Consent].
Containment: The process of enclosing or
containing hazardous substances in a struc-
ture, typically in a pond or a lagoon, to pre-
vent the migration of contaminants into the
environment.
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GLOSSARY.
Contaminant: Any physical, chemical,
biological, or radiological material or sub-
stance whose quantity, location, or nature
produces undesirable health or environmental
effects.
Contingency Plan: A document setting out
an organized, planned, and coordinated course
of action to be followed in case of a fire,
explosion, or other accident that releases toxic
chemicals, hazardous wastes, or radioactive
materials into the environment.
Cooperative Agreement: A contract be-
tween the EPA and the States, wherein a State
agrees to manage or monitor certain site
cleanup responsibilities and other activities on
a cost-sharing basis.
Cost Recovery: A legal process by which
potentially responsible parties can be required
to pay back the Superfund program for money
it spends on any cleanup actions [see Poten-
tially Responsible Parties].
Cover: Vegetation or other material placed
over a landfill or other waste material. It can
be designed to reduce movement of water into
the waste and to prevent erosion that could
cause the movement of contaminants.
Creosotes: Chemicals used in wood preserv-
ing operations and produced by distillation of
tar, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocar-
bons and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
[see PAHs and PNAs]. Contaminating
sediments, soils, and surface water, creosotes
may cause skin ulcerations and cancer
through prolonged exposure.
Culvert: A pipe used for drainage under a
road, railroad track, path, or through an
embankment.
Decommission: To revoke a license to
operate and take out of service.
Degradation: The process by which a
chemical is reduced to a less complex form.
Degrease: To remove grease from wastes,
soils, or chemicals, usually using solvents.
De minimis: This legal phrase pertains to
settlements with parties who contributed
small amounts of hazardous waste to a site.
This process allows the EPA to settle with
small, or de minimis contributors, as a single
group rather than as individuals, saving time,
money, and effort.
Dewater: To remove water from wastes,
soils, or chemicals.
Dike: A low wall that can act as a barrier to
prevent a spill from spreading.
Disposal: Final placement or destruction of
toxic, radioactive, or other wastes; surplus or
banned pesticides or other chemicals; polluted
soils; and drums containing hazardous materi-
als. Disposal may be accomplished through
the use of approved secure landfills, surface
impoundments, land farming, deep well
injection, or incineration.
Downgradient: A downward hydrologic
slope that causes groundwater to move toward
lower elevations. Therefore, wells downgra-
dient of a contaminated groundwater source
are prone to receiving pollutants.
Effluent: Wastewater, treated or untreated,
that flows out of a treatment plant, sewer, or
industrial outfall. Generally refers to wastes
discharged into surface waters.
Emission: Pollution discharged into the
atmosphere from smokestacks, other vents,
and surface areas of commercial or industrial
facilities.
Emulsifiers: Substances that help in mixing
materials that do not normally mix; e.g., oil
and water.
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GLOSSARY
Endangerment Assessment: A study con-
ducted to determine the risks posed to public
health or the environment by contamination at
NPL sites. The EPA or the State conducts the
study when a legal action is to be taken to
direct the potentially responsible parties to
clean up a site or pay for the cleanup. An
endangerment assessment supplements an
investigation of the site hazards.
Enforcement: EPA, State, or local legal
actions taken against parties to facilitate
settlements; to compel compliance with laws,
rules, regulations, or agreements; and/or to
obtain penalties or criminal sanctions for
violations. Enforcement procedures may
vary, depending on the specific requirements
of different environmental laws and related
regulatory requirements. Under CERCLA,
for example, the EPA will seek to require
potentially responsible parties to clean up a
Superfund site or pay for the cleanup [see
Cost Recovery].
Erosion: The wearing away of land surface
by wind or water. Erosion occurs naturally
from weather or surface runoff, but can be
intensified by such land-related practices as
farming, residential or industrial develop-
ment, road building, or timber-cutting. Ero-
sion may spread surface contamination to off-
site locations.
Estuary (estuarine): Areas where fresh
water from rivers and salt water from
nearshore ocean waters are mixed. These
areas may include bays, mouths of rivers, salt
marshes, and lagoons. These water ecosys-
tems shelter and feed marine life, birds, and
wildlife.
Evaporation Ponds: Areas where sewage
sludge or other watery wastes are dumped and
allowed to dry out.
Feasibility Study: The analysis of the
potential cleanup alternatives for a site. The
feasibility study usually starts as soon as the
remedial investigation is underway; together,
they are commonly referred to as the RI/FS
[see Remedial Investigation].
Filtration: A treatment process for removing
solid (paniculate) matter from water by
passing the water through sand, activated
carbon, or a man-made filter. The process is
often used to remove particles that contain
contaminants.
Flood Plain: An area along a river, formed
from sediment deposited by floods. Flood
plains periodically are innundated by natural
floods, which can spread contamination.
Flue Gas: The air that is emitted from a
chimney after combustion in the burner
occurs. The gas can include nitrogen oxides,
carbon oxides, water vapor, sulfur oxides,
particles, and many chemical pollutants.
Fly Ash: Non-combustible residue that
results from the combustion of flue gases. It
can include nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides,
water vapor, sulfur oxides, as well as many
other chemical pollutants.
French Drain System: A crushed rock drain
system constructed of perforated pipes, which
is used to drain and disperse wastewater.
Gasification (coal): The conversion of soft
coal into gas for use as a fuel.
Generator: A facility that emits pollutants
into the air or releases hazardous wastes into
water or soil.
Good Faith Offer: A voluntary offer, gener-
ally in response to a Special Notice letter,
made by a potentially responsible party,
consisting of a written proposal demonstrating
a potentially responsible party's qualifications
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GLOSSARY.
and willingness to perform a site study or
cleanup.
Groundwater: Underground water that fills
pores in soils or openings in rocks to the point
of saturation. In aquifers, groundwater occurs
in sufficient quantities for use as drinking and
irrigation water and other purposes.
Groundwater Quality Assessment: The
process of analyzing the chemical characteris-
tics of groundwater to determine whether any
hazardous materials exist.
Halogens: Reactive non-metals, such as
chlorine and bromine. Halogens are very
good oxidizing agents and, therefore, have
many industrial uses. They are rarely found
by themselves; however, many chemicals
such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
some volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
and dioxin are reactive because of the pres-
ence of halogens.
Hazard Ranking System (HRS): The
principal screening tool used by the EPA to
evaluate relative risks to public health and the
environment associated with abandoned or
uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. The HRS
calculates a score based on the potential of
hazardous substances spreading from the site
through the air, surface water, or groundwater
and on other factors such as nearby popula-
tion. The HRS score is the primary factor in
deciding if the site should be on the NPL.
Hazardous Waste: By-products of society
that can pose a substantial present or potential
hazard to human health and the environment
when improperly managed. It possesses at
least one of four characteristics (ignitability,
corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity), or appears
on special EPA lists.
Hot Spot: An area or vicinity of a site con-
taining exceptionally high levels of contami-
nation.
Hydrogeology: The geology of groundwater,
with particular emphasis on the chemistry and
movement of water.
Impoundment: A body of water or sludge
confined by a dam, dike, floodgate, or other
barrier.
Incineration: A group of treatment technolo-
gies involving destruction of waste by con-
trolled burning at high temperatures, e.g.,
burning sludge to reduce the remaining
residues to a non-burnable ash that can be
disposed of safely on land, in some waters, or
in underground locations.
Infiltration: The movement of water or other
liquid down through soil from precipitation
(rain or snow) or from application of waste-
water to the land surface.
Influent: Water, wastewater, or other liquid
flowing into a reservoir, basin, or treatment
plant.
Injection Well: A well into which waste
fluids are placed, under pressure, for purposes
of disposal.
Inorganic Chemicals: Chemical substances
of mineral origin, not of basic carbon struc-
ture.
Installation Restoration Program: The
specially funded program established in 1978
under which the Department of Defense has
been identifying and evaluating its hazardous
waste sites and controlling the migration of
hazardous contaminants from those sites.
Intake: The source from where a water
supply is drawn, such as from a river or water
body.
Interagency Agreement: A written agree-
ment between the EPA and a Federal agency
that has the lead for site cleanup activities,
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GLOSSARY
setting forth the roles and responsibilities of
the agencies for performing and overseeing
the activities. States often are parties to
interagency agreements.
Interim (Permit) Status: Conditions under
which hazardous waste treatment, storage,
and disposal facilities, that were operating
when regulations under the RCRA became
final in 1980, are temporarily allowed by the
EPA to continue to operate while awaiting
denial or issuance of a permanent permit. The
facility must comply with certain regulations
to maintain interim status.
Lagoon: A shallow pond or liquid waste
containment structure. Lagoons typically are
used for the storage of wastewaters, sludges,
liquid wastes, or spent nuclear fuel.
Landfarm: To apply waste to land and/or
incorporate waste into the surface soil, such
as fenilizer or soil conditioner. This practice
commonly is used for disposal of composted
wastes and sludges.
Landfill: A disposal facility where waste is
placed in or on land. Sanitary landfills are
disposal sites for non-hazardous solid wastes.
The waste is spread in layers, compacted to
the smallest practical volume, and covered
with soil at the end of each operating day.
Secure chemical landfills are disposal sites for
hazardous waste. They are designed to
minimize the chance of release of hazardous
substances into the environment [see Re-
source Conservation and Recovery Act].
Leachate [n]: The liquid that trickles
through or drains from waste, carrying soluble
components from the waste. Leach, Leach-
ing [v.t.]: The process by which soluble
chemical components are dissolved and
carried through soil by water or some other
percolating liquid.
Leachate Collection System: A system that
gathers liquid that has leaked into a landfill or
other waste disposal area and pumps it to the
surface for treatment.
Liner: A relatively impermeable barrier
designed to prevent leachate (waste residue)
from leaking from a landfill. Liner materials
include plastic and dense clay.
Long-term Remedial Phase: Distinct, often
incremental, steps that are taken to solve site
pollution problems. Depending on the com-
plexity, site cleanup activities can be sepa-
rated into several of these phases.
Marsh: A type of wetland that does not
contain peat moss deposits and is dominated
by vegetation. Marshes may be either fresh or
saltwater and tidal or non-tidal [see Wetland].
Migration: The movement of oil, gas,
contaminants, water, or other liquids through
porous and permeable soils or rock.
Mill Tailings: [See Mine Tailings].
Mine Tailings: A fine, sandy residue left
from mining operations. Tailings often
contain high concentrations of lead, uranium,
and arsenic or other heavy metals.
Mitigation: Actions taken to improve site
conditions by limiting, reducing, or control-
ling toxicity and contamination sources.
Modeling: A technique using a mathematical
or physical representation of a system or
theory that tests the effects that changes on
system components have on the overall
performance of the system.
Monitoring Wells: Special wells drilled at
specific locations within, or surrounding, a
hazardous waste site where groundwater can
be sampled at selected depths and studied to
obtain such information as the direction in
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GLOSSARY.
which groundwater flows and the types and
amounts of contaminants present.
National Priorities List (NPL): The EPA's
list of the most serious uncontrolled or aban-
doned hazardous waste sites identified for
possible long-term cleanup under Superfund.
The EPA is required to update the NPL at
least once a year.
Neutrals: Organic compounds that have a
relatively neutral pH, complex structure and,
due to their organic bases, are easily absorbed
into the environment. Naphthalene, pyrene,
and trichlorobenzene are examples of
neutrals.
Nitroaromatics: Common components of
explosive materials, which will explode if
activated by very high temperatures or pres-
sures; 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a
nitroaromatic.
Notice Letter: A General Notice Letter
notifies the parties potentially responsible for
site contamination of their possible liability.
A Special Notice Letter begins a 60-day
formal period of negotiation during which the
EPA is not allowed to start work at a site or
initiate enforcement actions against poten-
tially responsible parties, although the EPA
may undertake certain investigatory and
planning activities. The 60-day period may-
be extended if the EPA receives a good faith
offer within that period.
On-Scene Coordinator (OSC): The
predesignated EPA, Coast Guard, or Depart-
ment of Defense official who coordinates and
directs Superfund removal actions or Clean
Water Act oil- or hazardous-spill corrective
actions.
Operation and Maintenance: Activities
conducted at a site after a cleanup action is
completed to ensure that the cleanup or
containment system is functioning properly.
Organic Chemicals/Compounds: Chemical
substances containing mainly carbon, hydro-
gen, and oxygen.
Outfall: The place where wastewater is
discharged into receiving waters.
Overpacking: Process used for isolating
large volumes of waste by jacketing or encap-
sulating waste to prevent further spread or
leakage of contaminating materials. Leaking
drums may be contained within oversized
barrels as an interim measure prior to removal
and final disposal.
Pentachlorophenol (PCP): A synthetic,
modified petrochemical that is used as a wood
preservative because of its toxicity to termites
and fungi. It is a common component of
creosotes and can cause cancer.
Perched (groundwater): Groundwater
separated from another underlying body of
groundwater by a confining layer, often clay
or rock.
Percolation: The downward flow or filtering
of water or other liquids through subsurface
rock or soil layers, usually continuing down-
ward to groundwater.
Petrochemicals: Chemical substances
produced from petroleum in refinery opera-
tions and as fuel oil residues. These include
fluoranthene, chrysene, mineral spirits, and
refined oils. Petrochemicals are the bases
from which volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), plastics, and many pesticides are
made. These chemical substances often are
toxic to humans and the environment.
Phenols: Organic compounds that are used
in plastics manufacturing and are by-products
of petroleum refining, tanning, textile, dye,
and resin manufacturing. Phenols are highly
poisonous.
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GLOSSARY
Physical Chemical Separation: The treat-
ment process of adding a chemical to a sub-
stance to separate the compounds for further
treatment or disposal.
Pilot Testing: A small-scale test of a pro-
posed treatment system in the field to deter-
mine its ability to clean up specific contami-
nants.
Plugging: The process of stopping the flow
of water, oil, or gas into or out of the ground
through a borehole or well penetrating the
ground.
Plume: A body of contaminated groundwater
flowing from a specific source. The move-
ment of the groundwater is influenced by such
factors as local groundwater flow patterns, the
character of the aquifer in which groundwater
is contained, and the density of contaminants
[see Migration].
Pollution: Generally, the presence of matter
or energy whose nature, location, or quantity
produces undesired health or environmental
effects.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons or
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs):
PAHs, such as pyrene, are a group of highly
reactive organic compounds found in motor
oil. They are a common component of creo-
sotes and can cause cancer.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): A
group of toxic chemicals used for a variety of
purposes including electrical applications,
carbonless copy paper, adhesives, hydraulic
fluids, microscope immersion oils, and caulk-
ing compounds. PCBs also are produced in
certain combustion processes. PCBs are
extremely persistent in the environment
because they are very stable, non-reactive,
and highly heat resistant. Chronic exposure
to PCBs is believed to cause liver damage. It
also is known to bioaccumulate in fatty
tissues. PCB use and sale was banned in
1979 with the passage of the Toxic Sub-
stances Control Act.
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
(PNAs): PNAs, such as naphthalene, and
biphenyls, are a group of highly reactive
organic compounds that are a common com-
ponent of creosotes, which can be carcino-
genic.
Poly vinyl Chloride (PVC): A plastic made
from the gaseous substance vinyl chloride.
PVC is used to make pipes, records, raincoats,
and floor tiles. Health risks from high con-
centrations of vinyl chloride include liver
cancer and lung cancer, as well as cancer of
the lymphatic and nervous systems.
Potable Water: Water that is safe for drink-
ing and cooking.
Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs):
Parties, including owners, who may have
contributed to the contamination at a Su-
perfund site and may be liable for costs of
response actions. Parties are considered PRPs
until they admit liability or a court makes a
determination of liability. PRPs may sign a
Consent Decree or Administrative Order on
Consent to participate in site cleanup activity
without admitting liability.
Precipitation: The removal of solids from
liquid waste so that the solid and liquid
portions can be disposed of safely; the re-
moval of particles from airborne emissions.
Electrochemical precipitation is the use of an
anode or cathode to remove the hazardous
chemicals. Chemical precipitation involves
the addition of some substance to cause the
solid portion to separate.
Preliminary Assessment: The process of
collecting and reviewing available informa-
tion about a known or suspected waste site or
release to determine if a threat or potential
threat exists.
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GLOSSARY.
Pump and Treat: A groundwater cleanup
technique involving the extracting of contami-
nated groundwater from the subsurface and
the removal of contaminants, using one of
several treatment technologies.
Radionuclides: Elements, including radium
and uranium-235 and -238, which break down
and produce radioactive substances due to
their unstable atomic structure. Some are
man-made, and others are naturally occurring
in the environment. Radon, the gaseous form
of radium, decays to form alpha panicle
radiation, which cannot be absorbed through
skin. However, it can be inhaled, which
allows alpha particles to affect unprotected
tissues directly and thus cause cancer. Radia-
tion also occurs naturally through the break-
down of granite stones.
RCRA: [See Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act].
Recharge Area: A land area where rainwater
saturates the ground and soaks through the
earth to reach an aquifer.
Record of Decision (ROD): A public docu-
ment that explains which cleanup
alternative(s) will be used to clean up sites
listed on the NPL. It is based on information
generated during the remedial investigation
and feasibility study and consideration of
public comments and community concerns.
Recovery Wells: Wells used to withdraw
contaminants or contaminated groundwater.
Recycle: The process of minimizing waste
generation by recovering usable products that
might otherwise become waste.
Remedial Action (RA): The actual construc-
tion or implementation phase of a Superfund
site cleanup following the remedial design
[see Cleanup].
Remedial Design: A phase of site cleanup,
where engineers design the technical specifi-
cations for cleanup remedies and technolo-
gies.
Remedial Investigation: An in-depth study
designed to gather the data necessary to
determine the nature and extent of contami-
nation at a Superfund site, establish the
criteria for cleaning up the site, identify the
preliminary alternatives for cleanup actions,
and support the technical and cost analyses of
the alternatives. The remedial investigation
is usually done with the feasibility study.
Together they are customarily referred to as
the RI/FS [see Feasibility Study].
Remedial Project Manager (RPM): The
EPA or State official responsible for oversee-
ing cleanup actions at a site.
Remedy Selection: The selection of the
final cleanup strategy for the site. At the few
sites where the EPA has determined that
initial response actions have eliminated site
contamination, or that any remaining con-
tamination will be naturally dispersed with-
out further cleanup activities, a "No Action"
remedy is selected [see Record of Decision].
Removal Action: Short-term immediate
actions taken to address releases of hazardous
substances [see Cleanup].
Residual: The amount of a pollutant remain-
ing in the environment after a natural or
technological process has taken place, e.g.,
the sludge remaining after initial wastewater
treatment, or particulates remaining in air
after the air passes through a scrubbing, or
other, process.
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA): A Federal law that established a
regulatory system to track hazardous sub-
stances from the time of generation to dis-
posal. The law requires safe and secure
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GLOSSARY
procedures to be used in treating, transport-
ing, storing, and disposing of hazardous
substances. RCRA is designed to prevent
new, uncontrolled hazardous waste sites.
Retention Pond: A small body of liquid
used for disposing of wastes and containing
overflow from production facilities. Some-
times retention ponds are used to expand the
capacity of such structures as lagoons to store
waste.
Riparian Habitat: Areas adjacent to rivers
and streams that have a high density, diver-
sity, and productivity of plant and animal
species relative to nearby uplands.
Runoff: The discharge of water over land
into surface water. It can carry pollutants
from the air and land and spread contamina-
tion from its source.
Scrubber: An air pollution device that uses a
spray of water or reactant or a dry process to
trap pollutants in emissions.
Sediment: The layer of soil, sand, and
minerals at the bottom of surface waters, such
as streams, lakes, and rivers, that absorbs
contaminants.
Seeps: Specific points where releases of
liquid (usually leachate) form from waste
disposal areas, particularly along the lower
edges of landfills.
Seepage Pits: A hole, shaft, or cavity in the
ground used for storage of liquids, usually in
the form of leachate, from waste disposal
areas. The liquid gradually leaves the pit by
moving through the surrounding soil.
Septage: Residue remaining in a septic tank
after the treatment process.
Sinkhole: A hollow depression in the land
surface in which drainage collects; associated
with underground caves and passages that
facilitate the movement of liquids.
Site Characterization: The technical pro-
cess used to evaluate the nature and extent of
environmental contamination, which is
necessary for choosing and designing cleanup
measures and monitoring their effectiveness.
Site Inspection: The collection of informa-
tion from a hazardous waste site to determine
the extent and severity of hazards posed by
the site. It follows, and is more extensive
than, a preliminary assessment. The purpose
is to gather information necessary to score the
site, using the Hazard Ranking System, and to
determine if the site presents an immediate
threat that requires a prompt removal action.
Slag: The fused refuse or dross separated
from a metal in the process of smelting.
Sludge: Semi-solid residues from industrial
or water treatment processes that may be
contaminated with hazardous materials.
Slurry Wall: Barriers used to contain the
flow of contaminated groundwater or subsur-
face liquids. Slurry walls are constructed by
digging a trench around a contaminated area
and filling the trench with an impermeable
material that prevents water from passing
through it. The groundwater or contaminated
liquids trapped within the area surrounded by
the slurry wall can be extracted and treated.
Smelter: A facility that melts or fuses ore,
often with an accompanying chemical change,
to separate the metal. Emissions from smelt-
ers are known to cause pollution.
Soil Gas: Gaseous elements and compounds
that occur in the small spaces between par-
ticles of soil. Such gases can move through
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GLOSSARY.
or leave the soil or rock, depending on
changes in pressure.
Soil Vapor Extraction: A treatment process
that uses vacuum wells to remove hazardous
gases from soil.
Soil Washing: A water-based process for
mechanically scrubbing soils in-place to
remove undesirable materials. There are two
approaches: dissolving or suspending them in
the wash solution for later treatment by
conventional methods, and concentrating
them into a smaller volume of soil through
simple particle size separation techniques [see
Solvent Extraction].
Stabilization: The process of changing an
active substance into inert, harmless material,
or physical activities at a site that act to limit
the further spread of contamination without
actual reduction of toxicity.
Solidification/Stabilization: A chemical or
physical reduction of the mobility of hazard-
ous constituents. Mobility is reduced through
the binding of hazardous constituents into a
solid mass with low permeability and resis-
tance to leaching.
Solvent: A substance capable of dissolving
another substance to form a solution. The
primary uses of industrial solvents are as
cleaners for degreasing, in paints, and in
Pharmaceuticals. Many solvents are flam-
mable and toxic to varying degrees.
Solvent Extraction: A means of separating
hazardous contaminants from soils, sludges,
and sediment, thereby reducing the volume of
the hazardous waste that must be treated. It
generally is used as one in a series of unit
operations. An organic chemical is used to
dissolve contaminants as opposed to water-
based compounds, which usually are used in
soil washing.
Sorption: The action of soaking up or at-
tracting substances. It is used in many pollu-
tion control systems.
Stillbottom: Residues left over from the
process of recovering spent solvents.
Stripping: A process used to remove volatile
contaminants from a substance [see Air
Stripping].
Sumps: A pit or tank that catches liquid
runoff for drainage or disposal.
Superfund: The program operated under the
legislative authority of the CERCLA and
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act (SARA) to update and improve environ-
mental laws. The program has the authority
to respond directly to releases or threatened
releases of hazardous substances that may
endanger public health, welfare, or the envi-
ronment. The "Superfund" is a trust fund that
finances cleanup actions at hazardous waste
sites.
Surge Tanks: A holding structure used to
absorb irregularities in flow of liquids, includ-
ing liquid waste materials.
Swamp: A type of wetland that is dominated
by woody vegetation and does not accumulate
peat moss deposits. Swamps may be fresh or
saltwater and tidal or non-tidal [see Wet-
lands].
Thermal Treatment: The use of heat to
remove or destroy contaminants from soil.
Treatability Studies: Testing a treatment
method on contaminated groundwater, soil,
etc., to determine whether and how well the
method will work.
Trichloroethylene (TCE): A stable, color-
less liquid with a low boiling point. TCE has
many industrial applications, including use as
212
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GLOSSARY
a solvent and as a metal degreasing agent.
TCE may be toxic to people when inhaled,
ingested, or through skin contact and can
damage vital organs, especially the liver [see
Volatile Organic Compounds].
Unilateral [Administrative] Order: [see
Administrative Order].
Upgradient: An upward hydrologic slope;
demarks areas that are higher than contami-
nated areas and, therefore, are not prone to
contamination by the movement of polluted
groundwater.
Vacuum Extraction: A technology used to
remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
from soils. Vacuum pumps are connected to a
series of wells drilled to just above the water
table. The wells are sealed tightly at the soil
surface, and the vacuum established in the
soil draws VOC-contaminated air from the
soil pores into the well, as fresh air is drawn
down from the surface of the soil.
Vegetated Soil Cap: A cap constructed with
graded soils and seed for vegetative growth,
to prevent erosion [see Cap].
Vitrification: The process of electrically
melting wastes and soils or sludges to bind
the waste in a glassy, solid material more
durable than granite or marble and resistant to
leaching.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs):
VOCs are manufactured as secondary petro-
chemicals. They include light alcohols,
acetone, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene,
dichloroethylene, benzene, vinyl chloride,
toluene, and methylene chloride. These
potentially toxic chemicals are used as sol-
vents, degreasers, paints, thinners, and fuels.
Because of their volatile nature, they readily
evaporate into the air, increasing the potential
exposure to humans. Due to their low water
solubility, environmental persistence, and
widespread industrial use, they are commonly
found in soil and groundwater.
Waste Treatment Plant: A facility that uses
a series of tanks, screens, filters, and other
treatment processes to remove pollutants from
water.
Wastewater: The spent or used water from
individual homes or industries.
Watershed: The land area that drains into a
stream or other water body.
Water Table: The upper surface of the
groundwater.
Weir: A barrier to divert water or other
liquids.
Wetland: An area that is regularly saturated
by surface or groundwater and, under normal
circumstances, is capable of supporting
vegetation typically adapted for life in satu-
rated soil conditions. Wetlands are critical to
sustaining many species of fish and wildlife.
Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes,
and bogs. Wetlands may be either coastal or
inland. Coastal wetlands have salt or brackish
(a mixture of salt and fresh) water, and most
have tides, while inland wetlands are non-
tidal and freshwater. Coastal wetlands are an
integral component of estuaries.
Wildlife Refuge: An area designated for the
protection of wild animals, within which
hunting and fishing are either prohibited or
strictly controlled.
213
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APPENDIX B
Information
Repositories
for
NPL Sites
in New York
215
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Information Repositories for NPL Sites in the State of New York
Repositories are established for all NPL sites so that the public can obtain additional information related to site activities. Some sites may have more than one repository
location, however, the primary site repository is listed below. All public access information pertaining to the site will be on file at these repositories. The quantity
and nature of the documentation found in the repositories depends on the extent of activity and cleanup progress for each site and may include some or all of the
following: community relations plans, announcements for public meetings, minutes from public meetings, fact sheets detailing activities at sites, documents relating
to the selection of cleanup remedies, press releases, locations of other public information centers, and any other documents pertaining to site activities.
Site Name
ACTION ANODIZING
AMERICAN THERMOSTATCOMP \NY
ANCHOR CHEMICALS
APPLIED ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
BATAVIA LANDFILL
EEC TRUCKING
BIOCLJNICAL LABORATORIES, INC.
BREWSTER WELL FIELD
BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB.
BYRON BARREL AND DRUM
C & J DISPOSAL LEASING CO. DUMP
CARROL AND DUBIES SEWAGE DISPOSAL
CIRCUITRONCORPORATION
CLAREMONTPOLYCHEMICAL
CLOTHffiRDISPOSAL
COLES VILLE MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
CONKLIN DUMPS
CORTESELANDFILL
ENDICOTT VILLAGE WELL FIELD
FACET ENTERPRISES
FMC CORP. (DUBLIN ROAD LANDFILL)
FOREST GLEN MOBILE HOME
FULTON TERMINALS
GEMOREAU
Site Repository
Babylon Town Hall, 200 East Sunrise Highway, Lindenfurst, NY 11757
Catskill Town Office, 439 Main Street, Catskill, NY 12414
Hicksville Public Library, 169 Jersusalem Avenue, Hicksville, NY 11801
Sea Cliff Village Library, Sea Cliff and Central Avenues, Sea Cliff, NY 11579
Richmond Library, 19 Ross Street, Batavia, NY 14202
Vestal Public Library, 320 Vestal Parkway, East, Vestal, NY 13850
Connetquot Public Library, 760 Ocean Avenue, Bohemia, NY 11716
Brewster Public Library, 79 Main Street, Brewster, NY 10509
Brookhaven National Laboratory Research Library, Technical Information Division, Building 477A, Upton, NY
11973
Gillam-Grant Library, 6966 West Bergen Road, B . gen, NY 14416
Hamilton Library, 13 Broad Street, Hamilton, NY 13346
Not Established
Farmingdale Public Library, Main and Conklin Streets, Farmingdale, NY 11735
Plainview-Old Bethpage Public Library, 999 Old Country Road, Plainview, NY 11803
Fulton Public Library, 160 South First Street, Fulton, NY 13069
Colesville Town Hall, Welton Street, Colesville, NY 13787
Conklin Town Hall, 1271 Conklin Road, Conklin, NY 13748
Not Established
Endicott Village Clerk's Office, Municipal Building, 1009 East Main Street, Endicott, NY 13760
Not Established
Lee-Whedon Memorial Library, 620 West Avenue, Medina, NY 14103
U.S. EPA Region 2, Public Information Office, 345 3rd Street, Suite 530, Niagara Falls, NY 14303
Fulton Public Library, 160 South First Street, Fulton, NY 13069
Crandall Library, City Park, Glen Falls, NY 12801
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Information Repositories for NPL Sites in the State of New York
(Continued)
00
Site Name
GENERAL MOTORS
GENZALE PLATING COMPANY
GOLDISC RECORDINGS, INC.
GRIFFISS AIR FORCE BASE
H A VILAND COMPLEX
HERTEL LANDFILL
HOOKER - 102ND STREET
HOOKER CHEMICAL/RUCO POLYMER
HOOKERCHEMICAL/S-AREA
HOOKER- HYDE PARK
HUDSON RIVER PCBS
ISLIP MUNICIPAL SANITARY LANDFILL
JOHNSTOWN CITY LANDFILL
JONES CHEMICALS, INC.
JONES SANITATION
KATONAH MUNICIPAL WELL
KENMARK TEXTILE CORP.
KENTUCKY AVE WELL FIELD
LIBERTY INDUSTRIAL FINISHING
LOVECANAL
LUDLOW SAND AND GRAVEL
MALTA ROCKET FUEL AREA
MARATHON BATTERY CORP.
M ATTIACE PETROCHEMICALS COMPANY
MERCURY REFINING, INC.
NEPERA CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.
Site Repository
Massena Public Library, 14 Glenn Street, Massena, NY 13602
Franklin Square Public Library, 19 Lincoln Road, Franklin Square, NY 10110
Not Established
Not Established
Hyde Park Town Hall, Albany Post Road, Hyde Park, NY 12538
Plattekill Public Library, Route 32, Modena, NY 12548
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Region 9, 600 Delaware Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14202
Hicksville Public Library, 169 Jerusalem Avenue, Hicksville, NY 11801
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Region 9, 600 Delaware Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14202
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Region 9, 600 Delaware Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14202
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Central Office, 50 Wolf Road, Room 409, Albany, NY
12233
Central Islip Public Library, 33 Hawthorne Avenue, Central Islip, NY 11722
Johnstown Public Library, 38 South Market Street, Johnstown, NY 12095
Not Established
Hyde Park Town Hall, 627 Albany Post Road, Hyde Park, NY 12538
Bedford Hills Free Library, 26 Main Street, Bedford Hills, NY 10507
Not Established
Horseheads Town Hall, 150 Wygant Road, Horseheads, NY 14845
Southern Farmingdale Branch Library, Merritt Road and Boundry Avenue, Farrningdale, NY 11735
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Public Information Office, 9820 Colvin Boulevard,
Niagara Falls, NY 14304
Utica Public Library, 303 Genesee Street, Utica, NY 13501
Not Established
Cold Spring Town Hall, 234 Main Street, Cold Spring, NY 10516
Glen Cove Public Library, Glen Cove Avenue, Glen Cove, NY 11542
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Region 4, 2176 Guilderland Avenue, Schenectady, NY
12306
Harriman Village Hall, 1 Church Street, Harriman, NY 10926
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Information Repositories for NPL Sites in the State of New York
(Continued)
Site Name
NIAGARA COUNTY REFUSE
NIAGARA MOHAWK POWER CORP.
NORTH SEA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
OLD BETHPAGE LANDFILL
OLEAN WELL FIELD
PASLEY SOLVENTS AND CHEMICALS
PLATTSBURGH AIR FORCE BASE
POLLUTION ABATEMENTSERVICES
PORT WASHINGTON LANDFILL
PREFERRED PLATING CORPORATION
RADIUM CHEMICAL CO., INC.
RAMAPO LANDFILL
to RICHARDSON HILL ROAD LANDFILL
ROBINTECH INC./NATIONAL PIPE CO.
ROSEN BROTHERS SCRAP YARD/DUMP
ROWE INDUSTRIES GW CONTMN.
SARNEYFARM
SEALAND RESTORATION, INC.
SENECA ARMY DEPOT
SIDNEY LANDFILL
SINCLAIR REFINERY
SMS INSTRUMENTS, INC.
SOLVENTSAVERS
SUFFERN VILLAGE WELL FIELD
SYOSSET LANDFILL
TRI-CITY BARREL
TRONIC PLATING COMPANY, INC.
VESTAL WATER SUPPLY WELL 1-1
Site Repository
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Region 9, 600 Delaware Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14202
Saratoga Springs Public Library, 320 Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866
Southampton College Library, Montauk Highway, Southampton, NY 11968
Plainview-Old Bethpage Library, 999 Old Country Road, Plainview, NY 11803
Olean Public Library, 2nd and Lauren Streets, Olean, NY 14760
Nassau Library System, 900 Jerusalem Avenue, Uniondale, NY 11553
Pittsburgh Public Library, 15 Oak Street, Plattsburgh, NY 12901
Oswego City Hall, West Oneida Street, Oswego, NY 13126
Port Washington Public Library, 245 Main Street, Port Washington, NY 11050
West Babylon Library, 211 Route 109, West Babylon, NY 11704
Queens Public Library, Woodside Branch, 54-22 Skillman Avenue, Woodside, NY 11377
Suffem Free Library, Maple and Washington Avenues, Suffem, NY 10901
Sidney Memorial Public Library, Main Street, Sidney, NY 13838
Vestal Public Library, 320 Vestal Parkway, East, Vestal, NY 13850
Cortland Free Library, 32 Church Street, Cortland, NY 13045
John Jermain Memorial Library, Main Street, Sag Harbor, NY 11963
Amenia Town Hall, Mechanic Street, Amcnia, NY 12501
Lisbon Town Hall, 62 Main Street, Lisbon, NY 13658
Not Established
Sidney Memorial Public Library, Main Street, Sidney, NY 13838
David A. Howe Library, 155 North Main Street, Wellsville, NY 14895
Deer Park Public Library, 44 Lake Avenue, Deer Park, NY 11729
Pond's Store, 567 Star Route, DeRuyter, NY 13052
Suffern Free Library, Maple and Washington Avenues, Suffem, NY 10907
Syosset Public Library, 225 South Oyster Bay Road, Syosset, NY 11791
Not Established
Farmingdale Public Library, Main and Conklin Streets, Farmingdale, NY 11735
Vestal Town Hall, 605 Vestal Parkway, Vestal, NY 13850
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8
CO
en
~D
a
Site Name
VESTAL WATER SUPPLY WELL 4-2
VOLNEY MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
WARWICK LANDFILL
WIDEBEACH DEVELOPMENT
YORK OIL COMPANY
Information Repositories for NPL Sites in the State of New York
(Continued)
Site Repository
Vestal Town Hall, 605 Vestal Parkway, Vestal, NY 13850
Fulton Public Library, 160 South First Street, Fulton, NY 13069
Warwick Town Hall, 60 Main Street, Warwick, NY 10990
Brant Town Hall, 1294 Brant-North Collins Road, Brant, NY 14085
Moira Town Hall, North Lawrence Road, Moira, NY 12957
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