&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office Of
The Administrator
(A-101F6)
EPA 101/F-91/044
January 1991
How Can The
Building Professions
Best Obtain information And
Training On Indoor Air?
#90-1108
=L^ £-r H ". •._m/
Printed on Recycled Paper
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Question 90-1108
How Can the Building Professions Best Obtain
Information and Training on Indoor Air?
For
David Mudarri
Indoor Air Division (ANR-445)
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
By
Mark L. Bigelow
Brigham Young University
Provo, Utah
September 1990
0.8. Envfronmenfa! Protection Agancy
5,
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DISCLAIMER
This report was furnished to the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency by the student identified on the cover page, under a National
Network for Environmental Management Studies fellowship.
The contents are essentially as received from the author. The
opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed are those of the author
and not necessarily those of the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Mention, if any, of company, process, or product names is
not to be considered as an endorsement by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.
J.U
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Table of Contents
Introduction 1
Methodology and Constraints 2
Individuals Contacted 3
Questions 4
Summary of Findings 4
Possible Approaches 8
Other Factors to Consider 11
Recommendations 12
Appendix A--List of Individuals Contacted 14
Appendix IB-Summaries of Interviews 16
Architects 16
Builders 17
Building Inspectors 18
HVAC Engineers 19
Industrial Hygienist 21
Physical Facilities Managers 21
Bibliography 27
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Introduction
The Clean Air Act was passed twenty years ago and outdoor air pollution has
been a major issue for many decades. However, indoor air pollution is a much more
recent concern as is shown by Congress' current work on the Indoor Air Quality Act of
1990. However, because we spend so much of our time indoors (some studies indicate
over 90%)* and with some pollutants existing at greater levels indoors than outdoors,2
indoor air pollution also promises to be an important health and environmental concern.
Moreover, episodes of "sick building" syndrome have increased public awareness of the
potential health and comfort consequences of poor indoor air quality.
Indoor air pollution problems can be influenced by the presence of indoor
contaminant sources (e.g., combustion generated pollutants, formaldehyde in building
materials, biogenic particles such as mold and pesticides) the rate of exchange between
indoor and outdoor air, and the air movement patterns within the structure. Indoor air
pollution problems can be prevented or mitigated through the control of polluting
sources, the control of ventilation and air exchange rates in the building, or through
various air cleaning technologies. Many of the causes and controls are affected by
members of the building professions through the design, operation, and maintenance of
buildings. This study attempts to identify effective ways to educate individuals in the
Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality Volume II; Assessment and Control of
Indoor Air Pollution. EPA/400/1-89/001C, Office of Air and Radiation (ANR-445):
August 1989
2Godish, Triad. Indoor Air Pollution Control. Chelsea, Michigan: Lewis Publishers,
1989. pp. 2-3.
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building professions about effective methods of control. Because indoor air quality is
| such a new issue, many building designers, builders, operating engineers and
, maintenance persons do not have sufficient knowledge to significantly improve indoor
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air quality. It is hoped that this study will assist the EPA in developing more effective
information dissemination and training programs for building professionals.
Methodology and Constraints
This study was conducted in the Provo/Salt Lake City, Utah area. Building
j designers, builders, and maintainers were contacted to find out which sources they
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usually consult when they want to obtain technical information in their fields. Faced
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, with the time, money and resource limitations of a graduate student, the author
contacted these individuals somewhat at random by using the telephone yellow pages to
identify individuals in the area and then contacting individuals in each profession.
i Because this study was an attempt to generate new ways to more effectively
I disseminate information, it was decided that open-ended questions in interviews with
individuals in the building professions would be more appropriate than a set of survey
' questions that would be rigid and uniform. This was not a statistically valid survey and
thus the results of this study are not necessarily representative of the building
professionals throughout the United States.
One difficulty encountered during the study was that some individuals were more
I helpful than others; some had more ideas about different ways the EPA could improve
. its information dissemination programs than others. Consequently, leading questions
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were asked of those who did not volunteer much information to see how they responded
to a variety of possibilities suggested. Because of this situation not everyone responded
to the same questions.
Individuals Contacted
To determine useful ways to inform and train individuals in the building
professions, individuals from these professions were contacted. Many individuals in
different occupations were interviewed in an attempt to get a diverse sample of
individuals (see Appendix A for a complete list of individuals interviewed and Figure 1
for the number of individuals interviewed from each category):
• Architects
One interesting item about architects was that when they were asked about
where they would go to find out about indoor air quality many of them
said they would consult the mechanical engineers who they worked with on
projects.
Engineers
HVAC engineers and mechanical engineers were contacted because of
their involvement in the design and maintenance of building systems.
Physical Facility Managers
Physical facility managers for Corporations, Universities, Hotels, Hospitals
and Large Office and Retail Buildings were contacted.
City Building Inspectors
Many building inspectors expressed concern that they only did what was
required by the state and local building codes and therefore they would
only be interested in indoor air quality as it became a part of the building
code.
Builders
Companies involved in commercial and residential building were contacted.
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Industrial Hygienist
There were very few industrial hygienists in the area and consequently only
one was interviewed.
Architects
Engineers
Physical Facility Managers
Building Inspectors
Builders
Industrial Hygienist
5
6
16
4
4
1
Figure 1—Number of Individuals Interviewed by Category
Question
During the interviews the building professionals were asked open-ended questions
to allow them to generate ways and vehicles through which to inform and train them in
their particular situations. Although a single set of questions was not used with every
individual, many similar questions were used with everyone. Those areas that seemed
particularly fruitful were pursued. These are some of the kinds of questions that were
asked:
How could the EPA improve its training and information dissemination
programs?
• What would convince you of the importance of indoor air pollution control?
(Laws, Information, Fines, Law Suites)
Who do you believe? (The EPA, the Federal Government, trade journals,
newspapers, National Trade organizations)
Which professional organizations do you belong to?
• Which organizations' seminars/conferences do you currently attend or have
you attended?
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Which professional journals/periodicals do you read?
How do you keep up with the state of the art in your profession?
Where would you go to find out about current requirements (with regards to
asbestos, heating/air conditioning, # of air changes per hour etc.)?
Summary of Findings
As the study progressed, a wide variety of ideas and concerns were expressed
(summaries of each interview can be found in Appendix B). Some individuals were
consistent readers of building profession journals and periodicals while others did not
read any on a consistent basis. Figure 2 represents the publications that were mentioned
by the individuals who do read them. They are separated by category of respondent
(e.g., architects, builders, etc.). As the chart indicates, ASHRAE Journal was by far the
most frequently read publication. Heating. Piping and Air Conditioning and Consulting
Specifying Engineer were also publications that are worth noting. The other publications
have about an even number of readers. However, there were not any publications that
were read by all the categories of respondents.
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Architecture
Architectural Record
ASHRAE Journal
Builder Magazine
Building Design and
Construction
Building Maintenance
Building Operation
Management
Buildings
Building Standards Magazine
City and State
Cleaning Management
Consulting and Specifying
Engineer
Contractor Magazine
Custom Builder
Engineering
Engineering Digest
Engineering News
Facilities Design and
Maintenance
Governing
Heating, Piping and Air
Conditioning
Hotel/Motel Management
Hotel and Resort Industry
Industrial Hygiene
Industrial Maintenance and
Plant Operations
Maintenance Technology
Professional Builder
Progressive Architecture
Architects
2
2
1
2
Building
Inspectors
1
1
1
Builders
1
1
1
2
Engineers
5
2
Industrial
Hygienist
Physical
Facilities
Managers
6
1
1
2
3
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Total
2
2
11
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
Figure 2-Publications Mentioned
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Another idea that arose was the use of conferences or seminars that would
explain indoor air quality issues. Some really liked the idea while others felt that there
could be some benefit to such conferences but they felt like there would need to be
some specific purpose if they were going to send a representative to the meetings. Of
those individuals who addressed the possibility of conferences, 100% (21/21) said that
there could be some potential value to a conference.
A toll-free indoor air quality "hotline" was also suggested and it received high
marks; 100% (21/21) of those who addressed the issue felt that this would be of some
use. The possibility of the EPA producing a video also seems like a good idea because
87% (27/31) of those who addressed the issue felt that videos could be useful training
aids.
Figure 3 illustrates the organizations that people would consult for technical
information such as indoor air quality issues. Again, ASHRAE was the most frequently
mentioned organization. Every category except "Builders" had at least one individual
who mentioned ASHRAE while the other organizations were more category specific.
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American Industrial
Hygienists Association
(AIHA)
American Public Health
Association (APHA)
Architects Institute of
American (ALA)
American Society of
Hearing, Refrigeration, and
Air-Conditioning Engineers
(ASHRAE)
American Society of
Hospital Engineers (ASHE)
American Society of
Mechanical Engineers
(ASME)
Association of Energy
Engineers (AEE)
Building Operations
Management Association
(BOMA)
Consulting Engineering
Council (CEC)
Hotel/Motel Associations
Intermountain Facilities
Maintenance Association
(IFMA)
International Council of
Building Inspectors (ICBI)
National Association of
Home Builders (NAHB)
Products Council (PC)
Sheet Metal and Air-
Conditioning Contractors
National Association
(SMACCNA)
State and Local Agencies
Architects
3
1
1
1
Building
Inspectors
1
3
Builders
2
Engineers
6
2
1
2
1
2
Industrial
Hygienist
1
1
1
Physical
Facilities
Managers
1
5
1
1
4
1
1
2
Total
2
1
3
14
1
3
1
4
2
1
1
3
2
2
2
3
Figure 3-Organizations Mentioned
(See Appendix A for a list of the complete names of these organizations)
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With so many different responses there probably is not any single way that
information and training should be passed on to the building professionals.
Possible Approaches
Because of the wide variety of different responses, it is recommend that the EPA
use a multi-faceted approach to improve its information dissemination programs. The
EPA could:
Sponsor conferences either alone or with Professional Organizations (see
Figure 3 for a list of organizations). When these conferences are advertized
there needs to be enough information given out so that individuals will know
if they are interested or not.
Advantages
Human contact can be made
Questions can be answered
The support of recognized and respected organizations can be gained
Disadvantages
Expense
Have to coordinate efforts with another organization
Time and location won't be good for all
Travel can be a problem for some
• Publish a training book to be used in conjunction with the above mentioned
conferences. It is important that such a document have a good table of
contents and be well indexed so that individuals can find areas of interest
easily.
Advantages
Can use very specific and technical language
j Can be used as a reference later
: Can be "skimmed" and marked by the reader
| Disadvantages
1 Tends to be boring and "inhuman"
| • Set up a toll-free telephone line that building professionals could use to get
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answers to specific questions they have. One concern that was expressed
about this option was that the individuals manning such a phone line need to
have sufficient technical knowledge and expertise. Additionally, the concern
was expressed that this telephone system should not have too much automatic
transferring because that frequently leads to people getting disconnected and
to frustrated callers.
Advantages
Human contact
Specific questions can be answered
Disadvantages
Expense
Channel information through Professional Organizations (see Figure 3 for a
list of organizations). If national organizations are given the information then
they can pass it down to the local areas.
Advantages
Gain the support and legitimacy of organizations that individuals in the
professions trust
Wider audience than just putting out information in general
Disadvantages
EPA has less control over final product
Have to coordinate efforts with another organization
Channel information through state health and energy agencies
Advantages
Information will be where many will be looking
Will have the cooperation of local people
Disadvantages
Have to coordinate efforts with another organization
Work with Trade Journals and Periodicals to include articles about Indoor
Air Quality (see Figure 2 for a list of publications). A concern expressed
about this option is that frequently these publications have articles written by
people who are trying to sell their product rather than just give information
about an issues. Therefore, it is important that it be clear that the EPA is
involved with the article so that people will believe it.
Advantages
Reach a greater audience
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Gain the wide readership that some publication have
Disadvantages
EPA would have less control over final product
Have to coordinate efforts with another organization
Develop multi-media training materials (video or audio instruction).
Advantages
Can be consulted at any time
Gets the individuals attention better than written word
Can be less sophisticated than a document for those who have a less
technical background
Disadvantages
Added expense
Not "skimmable" or "markable" like the written word
Does not lend itself to technical information
Many people do not have the video capabilities in their offices
Sometimes it can be too passive and people will not pay attention to
them
Have local EPA consultants to assist building professionals in their individual
needs
Advantages
Human contact
Individual questions and concerns can be asked
Enforcement can be included in the education process
Disadvantages
Expense
Educate local Building Inspectors to ensure that buildings are constructed and
remodeled according to EPA standards. If this is done the local
administrators such as mayors and city managers need to be notified so the
building inspectors have the support they need to be involved in a new
project.
Advantages
Local building inspectors can act as substitute EPA inspectors thereby
saving the EPA money
Buildings will be built in accordance with EPA standards
Local building inspectors have a much better knowledge of their areas
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Disadvantages
Have to coordinate efforts with another organization
Other Factors to Consider
In addition to the information gathered from the building professionals
themselves, there are a number of other factors that need to be considered to determine
the best way to inform and train.3
• How much money is available?
• What are the time constraints?
• How many need to be taught?
How large is the geographic area to be covered?
What kind of information is being transferred?
Why do the building professionals need to know this information?
What are the teaching objectives?
Recommendations
As was mentioned previously, the best way to reach as many building
professionals as possible is to use as many of the different approaches as possible.
Nevertheless, there are some approaches that stand out. These approaches involve
3These issues have to do with aspects of Instructional Science-a field of knowledge
, about which the author is not an expert. Consequently, it is recommended that in
addition to taking into consideration the brief material presented in this report an
instructional scientist be consulted when the training program is actually being
(developed. See the short bibliography for some books about different instructional
media.
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coordinating the EPA's efforts with professional organizations and journals. By far the
most frequently mentioned organization and publication were ASHRAE and ASHRAE
Journal. These two sources are highly recommended for use in the information
dissemination and training process. It would also be useful to work with the other
organizations and publications listed.
Additionally, some formats are more appropriate for some groups than are
others. For example, given that the information can be quite technical and that the
audience will be varied with regard to technical expertise, the training should be tailored
to the needs of the groups being taught. For example, the architects and engineers will
have a technical background whereas some of the building managers and their
employees will have less of a technical background and therefore the information could
be more complex for the architects than for the building managers and employees. The
more complex information would work well in written documents and the less technical
information would work well in a video format.
If these alternate methods are used in addition to the traditional publishing of a
training book, it is believed that information and training will be more effectively
transferred to the building professionals.
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Appendix A-List of Individuals Contacted4
Architects at:
Architectural Coalition, Provo
Brixen and Christopher Architects, Salt Lake City
Deseret Architects and Engineers, Salt Lake City
Edwards and Daniels Associates, Salt Lake City
Holland Pasker and Associates, Salt Lake City
Building Inspectors in:
Murry City
Orem City
Provo City
, Sandy City
Builders at:
• Boswell and Elder Construction Inc., Orem
Bruce Nelson Construction, Springville
Vista Enterprises, Orem
) Tri-West Contractors Inc., Provo
Engineers at:
Colvin Engineering Associates, Salt Lake City
i Cowley and Evans Consulting Engineers, Salt Lake City
Engineering Consulting Resources, Salt Lake City
Heath Engineering Co., Salt Lake City
i Olsen and Peterson Consulting Engineer Inc., Salt Lake City
Van Becrum and Frank Associates Inc., Salt Lake City
(
' An Industrial Hygienist at:
Industrial Health Inc., Salt Lake City
i Physical Facilities Managers/Engineers at:
American Express, Salt Lake City
Beneficial Life Tower, Salt Lake City
Brigham Young University, Provo
Church Office Building, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City
] Cottonwood Mall, Salt Lake City
Crossroads Mall, Salt Lake City
Excelsior Hotel, Provo
i Hilton Hotel, Salt Lake City
" 'individuals' names are not used because they did not give permission for their use.
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Marriott Hotel, Salt Lake City
Novell, Provo
University Hospital, Salt Lake City
University of Utah, Salt Lake City
Utah Valley Regional Medical Center, Provo
Word Perfect, Orem
ZCMI Center, Salt Lake City
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Appendix B-Summaries of Interviews
. Architects
t
Name: Desert Architects and Engineers
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: Products Council
Publications Mentioned: Contractors Magazine
Conference Useful?: Yes
< Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Yes
Video Useful?: No, no VCR in office
Other ideas:
Name: Edwards and Daniels Associates
I Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: Products Council, State Agencies,
Publications Mentioned: Progressive Architecture
I Architectural Record
Conference Useful?: Yes, would probably be good
Video: Good for introduction but books are better for long term
| Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
i Other ideas: Doesn't pay attention to Architects Institute of America
• Name: Brixen and Christopher Architects
i Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: Architects Institute of America
Publications Mentioned: Architectural Record
1 Architecture
Conference Useful?: Yes
j Video: Wouldn't look at it, no VCR in office
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Other ideas: Would work with Mechanical Engineers on indoor air quality
j Newsletters would be OK if they are catchy
Name: Architectural Coalition
I Location: Provo
Organizations Mentioned: Architects Institute of America
. Publications Mentioned
I Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Video: Would be useful because they are flexible
Other ideas: Would work with Mechanical Engineers
Written material should be well referenced and indexed
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Name: Holland, Pasker and Associates
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Architects Institute of America
Products Council
Publications Mentioned: Progressive Architecture
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Video: Great, they have monthly training meetings that they would use it in
Other ideas:
Builders
Name: Boswell and Elder Construction, Inc.
Location: Provo
Organizations Mentioned: National Association of Home Builders
Utah Valley Home Builders Association
Publications Mentioned: Custom Builder
Professional Builder
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Might be useful
Video: Would be useful
Other ideas:
Name: Bruce Nelson Construction
Location: Springville
Organizations Mentioned:
Publications Mentioned: Engineering News
Professional Builder
Conference Useful?:
Video: Would be useful
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Would be useful
Other ideas:
Name: Vista Enterprises
Location: Orem
Organizations Mentioned: National Association of Home Builders
Publications Mentioned: Builder Magazine
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Yes
Video: Useful because it is easy to use but people would need to have video
equipment
Other ideas:
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Name: Tri-West Contractors, Inc.
Location: Provo
Organizations Mentioned:
Publications Mentioned:
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Yes
Video: Maybe useful, depends on the job
Other ideas:
Building Inspectors
Name: Sandy City
Location: Sandy
Organizations Mentioned: Utah Building Inspectors Association
International Council of Building Inspectors
Publications Mentioned: Building Inspectors' Magazine
Conference Useful?:
Video: Excellent, Sandy has a video library and they use it
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Only useful if there is expertise on the other end
Other ideas:
Name: Murry City
Location: Murry
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
International Council of Building Inspectors
Publications Mentioned
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Other ideas:
Name: Provo City
Location: Provo
Organizations Mentioned:
Publications Mentioned
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Other ideas: Many inspectors feel like they are too busy doing their current jobs to take
on new tasks.
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Name: Orem City
Location: Orem
Organizations Mentioned: Utah Building Inspectors Association
Publications Mentioned: City and State
Governing
Conference Useful?: Yes
Video: Would be useful if well done
Can watch more than once
Can't ask questions
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Other ideas: Send a letter to Mayors to go through the proper channels saying that the
local people should attend the conference to be trained
HVAC Engineers
Name: Heath Engineering Co.
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Association of Mechanical Engineers
Association of Energy Engineers
Consulting Engineers Council
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Heating. Piping and Air Conditioning
Consulting Specifying Engineer
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Depends on who is on the other end
Video: More effective if done as part of a seminar
Can be viewed at one's own leisure
Other ideas:
Name: Olsen and Peterson Consulting Engineers, Inc.
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
SMACCNA
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Useful if there are people on the other end who have
sufficient expertise
Video: Would be useful; Have a VCR in office and use it
Other ideas:
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Name: Van Becrum and Frank Associates, Inc.
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Consulting Engineering Council
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Good if people know about it
Video: Not absorbed; Can't refer to it later
Other ideas:
Name: Colvin Engineering Associates
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Heating. Piping and Air Conditioning
Consulting Specifying Engineer
Conference Useful?: Yes, more than one would be useful
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Very useful
Video?: Useful in the interface between engineer and building operating personnel
Other ideas:
Name: Cowley and Evans Consulting Engineers
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Products Council
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Conference Useful?: Yes, in conjunction with a well indexed and referenced training
manual
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Video: Useful in an office meeting in conjunction with written material
Other ideas:
Name: Engineering Consulting Resources
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Association of Mechanical Engineers
SMACCNA
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Useful if the necessary expertise is on the other end of the
line
Video: Videos are shown a couple times a year at local ASHRAE meetings
Other ideas: Discounts some trade journals and publications because they frequently
publish unsolicited articles that are mainly out to promote a product
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Industrial Hygienist
Name: Industrial Health, Inc.
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: American Industrial Hygienists Association
ASHRAE
American Public Health Association
Publications Mentioned:
Conference Useful?: Yes, they recently sent a person to an indoor air quality
conference in Toronto
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Not useful to them, would be more useful for building
occupants
Video: Useful to train employers and employees
Other ideas: Printed bulletins are very useful
Physical Facilities Managers
Name: University Hospital
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Yes, if people knew of its existence
Video: They would use them
Other ideas: Newsletters would be useful
Name: Excelsior Hotel
Location: Provo
Organizations Mentioned: National and Local Hotel/Motel Associations
Publications Mentioned: Industrial Maintenance and Plant Operations
Heating. Piping and Air Conditioning
Conference Useful?: Yes, because there is human contact and people can ask
questions
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Video: Useful for staff because of its format, should be used in conjunction with
written material
Other ideas: Monthly bulletins and direct mailings would be useful
Spread information as widely as possible
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Name: Utah Valley Regional Medical Center
Location: Provo
Organizations Mentioned: American Society of Hospital Engineers
State Department of Health
Denver EPA Office
Publications Mentioned: Engineering Digest
American Society of Hospital Engineers Bulletin
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Video: Not useful, too time consuming
Other ideas: Articles are useful because they are "skimmable" and "markable"
Name: Brigham Young University
Location: Provo
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Publications Mentioned: Heating. Piping and Air Conditioning
Consulting Specifying Engineer
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Other ideas:
Name: Word Perfect
Location: Orem
Organizations Mentioned: Intermountain Facilities Management Association
Publications Mentioned
Conference Useful?: Yes, if there is some incentive to attend such as how the
conference would apply to the company
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Video: Useful because it gets your attention; keep it short
Other ideas: Material needs to be "human" and readable
Name: Novell
Location: Provo
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Association of Mechanical Engineers
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Engineering
Maintenance Technology
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?:
Other ideas:
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Name: Cottonwood Mall
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned:
Publications Mentioned: Building Operation Management
Cleaning Management
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Probably useful
Video: Would be educational
Other ideas: Would contact HVAC and Mechanical people to get information
Name: American Express
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: Building Operations Management Association
Publications Mentioned: Building Operation Management
Buildings
Facilities Design and Management
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Depends on whether the technical expertise is there
Video: It could be useful depending on the content; general information-no; specific
information-yes
Other ideas:
Name: Beneficial Life Tower
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: Building Operations Management Association
Publications Mentioned: Building Maintenance
Buildings
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Yes
Video: Yes
Other ideas: Might contact local universities and colleges for information
Name: ZCMI Center
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Building Operations Management Association
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Buildings
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Useful if people know about its existence
Video: Good because it is easy to schedule its use
Other ideas:
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Name: Marriott Hotel
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: Building Operations Management Association
Publications Mentioned: Doesn't pay attention to them
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Depends if people know about it
Video: Depends on the content
Other ideas: Would contact HVAC and Mechanical Engineers and state and federal
agencies
Name: Hilton Hotel
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned
Publications Mentioned: Hotel and Motel Management
Hotel and Resort Industry
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Would be somewhat useful
Video: Useful because they can use it in meetings
Other ideas:
Name: Cross Roads Mall
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned:
Publications Mentioned
Conference Useful?:
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Yes
Video: Good because of the visual instruction capabilities
Other ideas:
•
Name: Church Office Building-The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Building Design and Construction
Consulting Specifying Engineer
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Very useful
Video: Very useful; have VCR and use it
Other ideas: Would contact local university
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Name: University of Utah
Location: Salt Lake City
Organizations Mentioned: ASHRAE
American Industrial Hygienists Association
Publications Mentioned: ASHRAE Journal
Industrial Hygiene
Conference Useful?: Yes
Toll-free Hotline Useful?: Yes
Video: Useful
Other ideas:
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Bibliography
EPA Indoor Air Quality Implementation Plan: Appendix A. Preliminary Indoor Air
Pollution Information Assessment. EPA/600/8-87/014, Office of Health and
Environmental Assessment: June 1987.
Godish, Thad. Indoor Air Pollution Control. Chelsea, Michigan: Lewis Publishers, 1989.
Mager, Robert F. Making Instruction Work. Belmont, California: David S. Lake
Publishers, 1988.
Percival, Fred and Henry Ellington. A Handbook of Educational Technology. 2nd Ed.
New York: Nichols Publishing Co. 1988.
Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality Volume II: Assessment and Control of
Indoor Air Pollution. EPA/400/1-89/001C, Office of Air and Radiation (ANR-445):
August 1989.
Romiszowski, A.J. The Selection and Use of Instructional Media. 2nd Ed. New York:
Nichols Publishing Co. 1988.
Wadden, Richard A. and Peter A. Scheff. Indoor Air Pollution. New York: John Wiley
& Sons, Inc., 1983.
26
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
?«^J" 5, Library {PL-12J)
77 West Jackson Boulevard, 12th Ftoof
Chicago, !L 60604-3590
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Bibliography
EPA Indoor Air Quality Implementation Plan: Appendix A. Preliminary Indoor Air
Pollution Information Assessment. EPA/600/8-87/014, Office of Health and
Environmental Assessment: June 1987.
Godish, Thad. Indoor Air Pollution Control. Chelsea, Michigan: Lewis Publishers, 1989.
Mager, Robert F. Making Instruction Work. Belmont, California: David S. Lake
Publishers, 1988.
Percival, Fred and Henry Ellington. A Handbook of Educational Technology. 2nd Ed.
New York: Nichols Publishing Co. 1988.
Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality Volume II: Assessment and Control of
Indoor Air Pollution. EPA/400/1-89/001C, Office of Air and Radiation (ANR-445):
August 1989.
Romiszowski, A.J. The Selection and Use of Instructional Media. 2nd Ed. New York:
Nichols Publishing Co. 1988.
Wadden, Richard A. and Peter A. Scheff. Indoor Air Pollution. New York: John Wiley
& Sons, Inc., 1983.
26
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