Operations
manual
, :K CREEK STUDY
.ilv COUNTY. INDIANA
•v.u^.
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Project No, G005103 EPA-905-7U-002
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF LAND USE
on
WATER QUALITY
** OPERATIONS MANUAL **
for the
Black Creek.Study
Maumee River Basin
Allen County, Indiana
Reduction of Sediment
and Related Pollutants
in the
Maumee River
and
Lake Erie
Allen County SWCD, Project Administrator
Ellis McFadden
Allen County SWCD, Project Director
James E. Lake
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Project Officer
Carl D. Wilson
Prepared by
ALLEN COUNTY SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT
for
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Region V, Office of the Great Lakes Coordinator, Section 108A Program
Chicago, Illinois
with assistance from
USDA SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
FOURTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT INDIANA
March 191H
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PRINCIPAL PARTICIPANTS
ALLEN COUNTY COUNCIL - Chairman, Max Shambaugh-County Funding
ALLEN COUNTY COMMISSIONERS - President, Charles N. Hoemig
County Administration
INDIANA STATE SOIL S WATER CONSERVATION COMMITTEE - Chairman, Louis McKee
State Assistance
ALLEN COUNTY SOIL S WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT
Ellis McFadden - Chairman, Allen County Soil £ Water Conserva-
tion District - Project Administrator
James E. Lake - Allen County Conservationist
Project Director
ALLEN COUNTY SURVEYOR'S OFFICE
William Sweet - Allen County Surveyor - Assistance in
Design and Application
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Cletus J. Gillman State Conservationist
State SCS Administration
Thomas Evans ,.Former State Conservationist
State SCS Administration
Leon Kimberlin .State Resource Conservationist
Conservation Planning Guidance
Eugene Pope .State Engineer
Design, Planning and Application
Joseph Branco .Area Conservationist
Area SCS Administration
C.F. Poland,,..,.....,.,.Area Engineer
Engineering Coordination
John Dennison............Engineering Technician
Black Creek Engineering, Supervision
T. Daniel McCain District Conservationist
Field Office SCS Administration
Darrell Brown............Soil Conservationist
Black Creek Project Planner
Deone Goettl., Conservation Technician
Black Creek Project Technician
MKIIW
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PRINCIPAL PARTICIPANTS (CONT.)
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
Dr. Rolland Z. Wheaton Agriculture Engineer-Ditch Banks,
Nutrient Movement Related to Tile Drain?-
Dr. Harry Galloway. Agronomist
Conservation Tillage Demonstrations
Dr. Jerry Mannering......9....Agronomist
Rainulator Studies
Dr. Eldon Hood, Agronomist
Soil Testing
Dr. L.E. Sommers ......Agronomist
Laboratory Analysis
Dr. G.W. Nelson...... Agronomist
Laboratory Analysis
Dr. Edwin J. Monke. .Agriculture Engineer
Modeling and Prediction
Dr. Jerry Hamelink Aquatic Biologist
Biological Studies
Dr. Ralph Brooks........ .Sociologist
Sociological Studies
Dr. W.P. McCafferty.. Entomologist
Biological Studies
Richard Land.. Project Coordinator
Field Studies
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Bruce Johnson - Agronomist-Rainulator Studies
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Carl D. Wilson - Project Officer and Technical Assistance
Region V - Chicago EPA
Ralph Christensen - Section 108A Grant Program Coordinator
Region V - Chicago EPA
Glenn Pratt - Enforcement Division - Region V - Chicago EPA
CONGRESSIONAL ASSISTANCE
Congressman J. Edward Roush - Congressional Assistance
James Morrison - Administrative Assistance - Fort Wayne
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FOFEWAKD
This handbook contains the basic policies, regulations, and specifi-
cations for the administration of the Black Creek Study Program.
The Black Creek Study came about through the efforts of the Allen
County Soil and Water Conservation District, Board of Supervisors,
(Indiana). The district submitted a proposal to the Environmental
Protection Agency to study the relative success of various existing
erosion control techniques in improving water quality; the effect of
various land use and agriculture practices on erosion and the re-
sulting effect on sedimentation and related pollutants as they relate
to water quality. The study will also identify the type of incentives
that will be needed to convince individual landowners to voluntarily
participate in erosion control programs.
It is hoped that data obtained from this study can be applied speci-
fically to the Maumee Basin, and in general to other areas to reduce
sedimentation and improve water quality.
Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manual does not
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Subject Sub-Section
FOREWARD
I BASIC POLICIES
II ADMINISTRATION
Definitions ^»^
Authority and Respond-milty 2.2
Allen County Soil and Water Conservation 2.2.1
District
Project Director 2.2.2
Project Officer 2.2.3
Soil Conservation Service 2.2.4
Purdue University 2.2.5
Typical Flow Diagram of Grant Process 2.2.6
III APPLICATION
Application for Program Assistance 3.1
Cooperators Application Received 3.2
Cooperators Eligibility 3.3
Land Eligibility 3.4
Priority of Applications for Participation 3.5
Priority of Technical Assistance to 3.6
Cooperators
IV PLAN OF OPERATIONS
Selection of Conservation Practices 4.1
Conservation Treatment Unit 4.2
Time Schedule for Land Treatment 4.3
Technical Assistance 4,4
Plans of Operations Involving Groups 4.5
Plans of Operations Involving Units of 4.6
Government
Approval of Plans of Operations 4.7
Soil Conservation District Review 4.8
Certification by Contracting Officer 4.9
(Project Director)
Carrying out the Plan of Operations 4.10
Annual Review of Plan of Operations 4.11
V CONTRACTS
Practices Already on the Land 5.1
Conservation Practice Maintenance 5.2
Other Programs 5.3
Cooperators Control of Land 5.4
Contract Item Number 5.5
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTS)
Section
VI
VII
VIII
Second Contracts
Time Limitations
Contract Modification
Reapplication of Practices that Fail
Paconstruction of Operating Units
Transfer of Land
Contract Termination
Contracts Terminated by Mutual Consent
Actions that Tend to Defeat the Purpose of
a Contract
Contract Violation
Contract Violation Procedures
Compliance with Regulatory Measures
Appeals
Access to Operating Unit and Program Records
Procedures for Individual Farm Contracts
Conservation Materials or Services
Materials and Service, Inspection and Analysis
Procedures for Group Contracting
COST-SHARE
Eligible Conservation Practices
Basis for Cost-Sharing
Average Cost and Specified' ^jdmum Cost
Determination of Average Cost
Specified Maximum Cost
Changing the Rate or Amount of Cost-Share
PAYMENT
Application for Cost-Share Payment
Cost-Share Payments
Cost-Share Groups
Cost-Share Payments not Subject to Claims
Filing of False Claims
Manner and Time of Cost-Share Fayiaent
Payments Due Persons, Deceased, Disappeared,
or Incompetent
Disappearanee
Successors in Interest
RESEARCH PROCEDURES
Goals of the Project Research
Techniques for Study
Monitoring
Surface Flow
Subsurface Flow
Simulated Rainfall Plot Samples
Sub-Section
5.6
5.7
5.8
599
5.10
5.11
5,12
5.13
5,14
5.15
5.16
5.17
5.18
5.19
5.20
5.21
5.22
5.23
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7,7
7.8
7.9
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
8.3.3
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT.)
Section Subject Sub-Section
Rainwater Samples 8.3.4
Water Stage Recorders 8.3.5
Recording Raingages 8.3.6
Field Notes 8.3.7
Laboratory Analysis 8.4
Laboratory Methods 8.4.1
Nitrogen 8.4.1.1
Phosphorus 8.4.1.2
Organic Carbon 8.4.1.3
Fractionation of N and P 8.4.2
Rainfall Simulator Tests 8.5
Tillage Management Demonstration Areas 8.6
Fish Collection Methods 8.7
Stream, Channel and Bank Study 8.8
Modeling and Prediction 8.9
Data Management 8.10
Sociological Studies 8.11
IX APPENDIX
Cooperative Agreement with Soil Conservation 9.1
Service (USDA)
Cooperative Agreement with Purdue University 9.2
Cooperative Agreement on Legal Drainage 9.3
Right-of-Way
Project Accounting Sample Format (Allen County 9.4
Date Processing)
Practice List 9.5
Practice Specifications 9.6
Basic Data on Rainfall Simulator (picture included) 9.7
Background Material on Tillage Systems 9.8
X EXHIBITS
BCS-1 Cooperator-District Agreement (Individual)
BCS-la Cooperator-District Agreement (Group)
BCS-2 Plan of Operations
BCS-3 Contractual Agreement
BCS-4 Record of Contract Modification of Waiver
BCS-5 Application for Payment
BCS-6 Transfer Agreement
BCS-7 Agreement Covering Non-Compliance
BCS-8 Notice of Contract Violations
BCS-9 Annual Contract Status Report
BCS-10 Notice of Termination of Contract
BCS-11 Contract Check Sheet
BCS-12 In-Kind Contribution Report (SEA 363)
BCS-13 Certification Form
BCS-14 Landowner-Contractor Agreement Form
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Section I
BASIC POLICIES
The Black Creek Sediment Study shall emphasize the land use changes,
erosion control, and management practices, which in combination by
conservation treatment units, will provide, over a period of years,
the most enduring conservation benefits for the purpose of reducing
sediment and improving water quality.
The program is fully voluntary on the part of the individual landuser
(cooperator). Its voluntary character shall be continuously emphasized.
Any landuser in the Black Creek Study Area$ is eligible to become a
cooperator with the Allen County Soil £ Water Conservation District
and participate in the land treatment program.
A plan of operations, including a time schedule by conservation
treatment units, shall be a prerequisite to participation in the
program.
The cooperator will be responsible for developing and carrying out
his plan of operations. The SWCD, will provide technical assistance
to any cooperator for developing the plan of operations.
The SWCD shall offer to cooperators long-term contracts under which the
SWCD, with the approval of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Project Officer, will make committments to share with the cooperator
the cost of establishing the combination of conservation practices
provided for in his plan of operations. These contracts may be
entered into during the period ending no later than December 31, 1976.
No contract shall exceed the end of the program period (September 30,
1977).
The cooperator will be encouraged to carry out his plan of operations
in the shortest period consistent with climatic conditions and his
resources.
The program shall make provision for contracts on all lands, including
non-farm lands where erosion is so serious as to make such contracts
necessary for the reduction of sediments and related pollutants.
The program shall provide for inclusion in contracts, at the exclusive
decision of the landowner, practices and measures to reduce sedimenta-
tion and to enhance the environment; and reduce non-point sources of
pollution.
The program shall be carried out in close cooperation with interested
federal, state and local governmental units and organizations and other
groups and individuals.
Funds to administer this program are provided by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, State and County Government and local landowners.
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The program committee, consisting of the SV/CD, SCS, Purdue Univer-
sity and the U.S. EPA will assist in developing and reviewing policies
and general operating procedures best suited to the Black Creek. Study
Area. Representatives o^ other interested agencies or groups vrork-
inq; in the area ray be invited to participate as determined by the
above corriittee.
Cost-share incentives for land treatment will be provided on the
basis of funds
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Section II
ADMINISTRATION
2.1 Definitions
The succeeding terms shall have the following meanings in this
handbook and all contracts, forms, documents, instructions, and
procedures in connection therewith, unless the context or subject
matter requires otherwise.
(a) SWCD means the Allen County Soil and Water Conservation
District.
(b) BCSA means Black Creek Study Area which is the currently
recognized area as outlined in the work plan,
BCSP means Black Creek Sediment Program,
(c) SCS means the U.S. Soil Conservation Service.
(d) EPA means the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
(e) PU means Purdue University*
(f) Operating unit means a parcel or parcels of land whether
continuous or non-continuous, constituting a single operating
unit for agricultural purposes.
(g) Other land means non-farm land that can be covered by the
program to the extent necessary to reduce sediment and re-
lated pollutants.
(h) Cooperator means any landuser having control of an operating
unit in the designated area and voluntarily entering into a
cooperative agreement with the SWCD.
(i) Conservation practice or conservation measures means any
process used to protect the soil from water or wind erosion
and deterioration or any process to develop or use a soil
and water resources. The terms "eligible conservation prac-
tice" or "eligible conservation measure" refers to those
practices listed in Table A-10 of the work plan.
(j) Conservation treatment unit means a field of an operating
unit or part of an operating unit in a specific land use
requiring a particular type of management and the use of
related conservation practices.
(k) Plan of operations means a written conservation plan for all
the acreage of an operating unit incorporating a time schedule
of landuse and treatment and providing for such combinations
of landuse adjustments such as cropping or grazing systems,
and conservation measures as are needed to develop, use and
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protect the soil and water resources. It includes estimated
cost-share amounts, by year, for each eligible conservation
practice.
(1) Time Schedule of Land Use and Treatment means a schedule of
planned land treatment, listed by fields and. by years for
an operating unit included in the plan of operations.
(m) Identifiable Unit means all or an essential part of an
eligible conservation practice that, when carried out, can
be clearly identified as a segment of the whole practice.
(n) Cost-Share Payments means payments to cooperator signatory
to the contract as provided in the plan of operations, at
established rates, for the carrying out of identifiable units
for which costs are shared, and who have complied with the
applicable provisions of the contract.
(o) Contracting Officer shall be an employee of the SWCD des-
ignated by the Board of Supervisors to handle the contractual
agreements.
(p) Designated SCS Representative means the Soil Conservation
Service, District Conservationist at Fort 'Wayne Field Office
or in the absence thereof the employee of the Soil Conserva-
tion Service named by the District Conservationist.
(q) Certification of Performance and Compliance means a written
statement by the designated SCS representative that an iden-
tifiable unit has been properly carried out and that the
cooperator signatory to the contract is in compliance with
the terms and conditions of the contract.
(r) Actual Cost means (1) the amount actually paid or engaged
to be paid by the cooperator for equipment use, materials
and services for carrying out an identifiable unit, or (2)
if the cooperator uses his own forces in carrying out an
identifiable unit, the constructed value of his own labor,
his own equipment use, materials he produced and used, and
such other costs as nay be set forth in the list of eligible
conservation practices.
(s) Average Cost means the average of the actual costs and current
cost estimates considered necessary to carry out an identi-
fiable unit.
(t) Specified Maximum Cost means the maximum amount, with respect
to an identifiable unit to which cost sharing will apply.
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2.2 Authority and Responsibility (see Fisnrre 2.1)
2.2.1. The Allen County Soil S Water Conservation District
The Board of Supervisors of the Allen County SWCD of which two are
appointed by the Governor of Indiana and three are elected by the
county landowners have overall administrative responsibility for
the program. All program activities are reviewed at monthly board
meetings. The chairman of the board acts as the project administra-
tor.
The project administrator is responsible for the administration of
the BCSP and shall:
(a) Serve as chairman of the program committee and as such
shall:
(i) Schedule meetings of the committee
(ii) Arrange for keeping minutes of meetinps
(b) Issue all instructions and policies required in addition to
those contained in this handbook to implement and carry out
the program;
(c) Carry out the duties and responsibilities with regard to
appeals as set forth;
(d) Carry out the duties and responsibilities with repard to
contract violations as set forth;
(e) Maintain relations with other local, state and federal
apencies to assure continuation of assistance;
(f) Appoint in writing the project director and inform all
participating apencies of the appointment.
2.2.2 The Project Director (PD)
The project director is the direct representative of the Allen
County SWCD and as such, is responsible for the conduct of the
project. All technical direction and guidance for construction
plans and specifications, analytical work, evaluation of plans,
reports, voucher preparation, time schedules, etc., are channeled
through him to the U.S. EPA project officer.
The project director is responsible for directing the Black Creek
Study Program and shall:
(a) Serve as contractinp officer in accordance with the authority
delegated by the project administrator and as such is respon-
sible for:
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(i) Receiving and reviewing plans of operations for
legal adequacy as a basis for contracts.
(ii) Preparing the contractual agreement between the
District and the Cooperator using the forms pre-
scribed by the SWCD.
(iii) Oversee the contract through the program period
to see that all requirements are met by both
parties.
(b) Provide direct supervision and training to district employ-
ees.
(c) Coordinate activities of technical personnel in accomplishing
program objectives.
(d) Encourage, regular on-site spot checks to insure that practices
are being carried out in accordance with the: plans of operations
and the terms of the contract.
(e) Perform other related duties directed by the SWCD board.
(f) Develop and carry out an information program.
(g) Maintain all District related records.
(h) Maintain all District financial records.
(i) Review applications with SWCD board to determine priorities.
(j) Serve as chairman of the program cornnittee and perform
related duties in the absence of the project administrator.
2.2.3 Project Officer (PO)
The project officer is the official representative of the U.S. EPA
designated to monitor the project. Federal technical assistance
and guidance relative to the project are channeled to or through
him. His general responsibilities are to:
(a) Meet with the grantee and outline (in general) procedures
for accounting, preparation of plans and specifications,
reports, purchases, assurances and reimbursement procedures.
(b) Assist the grantee in informing to the objectives (scope
of work) set forth in tue project application and "offer
and acceptance" (OSA) documents.
(c) Review project derailed work plans and budget as described
in the 1,: document and provide approval to proceed.
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(d) Review and approve construction plans allowing the grantee
to proceed.
(e) Review the final plans and specifications and provide noti-
fication to the prantee of approval to advertise for bids.
(f) Review bid tabulations, proof of advertising, and other
necessary assurances before granting authority to award
construction or equipment contract. Approval must be
obtained from project officer before contract can be
awarded to the low or best choice of bidders.
(g) Review and authorize proposed purchases for articles,
supplies, equipment and services having a unit value
exceeding $1,000.00. (The obtaining of a errant does not
in itself constitute prior approval, even though these
were itemized in the application for a grant).
(h) Determine that provisions for reasonable access to the
project site and project results have been made.
(i) Perform inspections and program reviews and provide
technical assistance to the project.
(j) Certify that the cost included in a voucher, were necessary
to the conduct of the project, the amounts claimed are rea-
sonable, and all required reports were received and are
satisfactory,
(k) Designate those materials that are no longer necessary to
the. completion of the project.
(1) Review a preliminary/ copy of all final project reports and
provide approval to proceed with preparation of the final
renorts.
(m) Review and approve publications or other dissemination of
information.
2.2.4 Soil Conservation Service
The Soil Conservation Service is responsible for providing technical
assistance to the SWCD to implement the land treatment portion of
the Black Creek Studv "work plan". To fulfill this responsibility
the SCS shall:
(a) Provide technical assistance to cooperators in developing
their plan of operations.
(b) Joint3y review all plans of operations with the District
governing body.
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(c) Provide technical assistance to the cooperator in carrying
out the plan of operations.
(d) Arrange for nonresident SCS technical assistance as needed
in cooperation with the project director.
(e) Inform project director of all alleged or suspected vio-
lations .
(f) Kake an annual prepress review and report of each current
contract.
(?) fake final on-site review and report of all completed
contracts.
(h) Maintain a complete file of current technical specifications
for eligible conservation practices.
(i) Maintain all SCS records.
(j) Perform other related duties as requested by the SWCD board.
2.2.5 Purdue University
Purdue University has contracted with the SWCD to do research on the
BCSP. In doim so, they are responsible for providing materials and
personnel to carry out the following activities:
(a) 'todelinp; and prediction in the study area,
(b) Sociological studies.
(c) 'fonitorinp of runoff, sedinentation, etc.
(d) Laboratory analysis.
(e) Experinental plots.
(f) Painulator studies.
(p) Biolorical studies.
(h) Ditch bank studies.
(i) Filtration studies (related to tile drains).
(j) Provide quarterly and annual progress, technical and financial
reports to the SWCD.
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2*2'6 Typical Flow Diagram of Grant Process
Figure 2.2 contains elements that are typical of most Section 108A.
Planning or Demonstration Projects. The explanations that follow
are listed to correspond to tiie sequence of events identified on
the diagram:
(a) Region V, Chicago Office, EPA (appointment by the Regional
Administrator), appoints project officer from among EPA
personnel to provide assistance to the grantee. He is the
federal representative with whom all correspondence, direction,
questions, approvals and requests shall be channeled to or
through.
(b) The EPA project officer shall meet with the grantee and his
representatives to discuss the project and begin the action
toward accomplishing the objectives of the project* Items
to be reviewed are principally those concerned with the
responsibilities of the PD and PO.
(c) Instructions are given to the grantee by the PO. Questions
are welcomed by the PO so that clarification can be made on
any point not understood by the grantee. The granteee shall
develop a work plan and submit it to the PO for approval.
(d) PO shall review the work plan to see that it will provide
the information necessary to accomplish the objectives of
the project. He will offer comments for consideration
if he feels it will help accomplish the objectives. He will
send either his comments and/or approval of the plan so that
you can proceed.
(e) The grantee shall prepare and submit two copies of plans
and specifications to the PO for review and approval prior
to advertising for bids.
(f) PO reviews plans and specifications and sends letter of
approval to grantee to advertise for bids. Grantee advertises
for bids on the approved plans and specifications.
(g) Grantee prepares bid tabulation, provides proof of advertising,
selects successful bidder and submits copy to the PO for
approval.
(h) PO reviews bid tabluations and sends letter to grantee author-
izing the contract award to the successful bidder (if other
than the low bidder is selected, a brief explanation of the
decision is needed).
(i) Grantee receives approval from PO to award contract. When
contract is awarded, two signed and certified copies should
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be forwarded to the PO. Procurenent of equipment or con-
struction of facilities can bepan.
(j) Construction of facilities are completed and evaluation
bepins.
(k) Grantee evaluation period for proiect. PO will be in contact
from time to time durinr this period. Draft of the final
report will be prepared and submitted to PO for review.
(1) PO reviews draft of final report. Comments will be made by
PO to prantee.
(r.) Grantee shall prepare the final report as shall be outlined
by the PC. Format will be riven to prantee as project pro-
frresses. Number of copies of the final report will be riven
in the offer and acceptance document as specified by the PO.-
(n) The PO shall request an audit of the project account so that
final payment can be made. The PO submits the final report
to the Regional Administrator for distribution and prant
completion,
(o) The Regional Administrator, Pertion V, receives the final
report for distribution.
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ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AGENCY
1. Carl D. Wilson
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
I. C.J. Gillraan
ALLEN COUNTY SOIL £
WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT
1. J.E. Lake
2. E.F. McFadden
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
1. R. Wheaton
Planning and
Application
1. L.W. Kimberlin
2. E.J. Pope
3. J,C. Branoo
4. T.D. McCain
5. D.F. Poland
6. J.W. Dennison
7. D.E. Brown
8. D.L. Goettl
Modelling and
Prediction
1. E.J. Msnke
2. D. Beasley
Sociological |
1. R.M. Brooks
Technical
1. R. Land
Monitoring
1. J.L. Hamelink
2. E.J. Monke
3. R. Wheaton
Laboratory
Analysis
1. G.W. Nelson
2. L.E. Sommers
3. E. Hood
Experimental
Plots
Rainulator
Studies
1. H.M« Galloway 1. J.V. Mannering
Biology
Studies
Ditch
Banks
1. J.L« Hamelink 1. R. Wheaton
2. W.P. McCafferty
FIGURE 2.1
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Section III
APPLICATION
3.1 Application for Program Assistance
Application by cooperators of farm or other lands shall be made on
Form BCS-1, see Exhibit. Group application made on Form BCS-la
see Exhibit.
The application should be dated and signed by the applicant and
show:
(a) Description and location of the farm or other lands.
(b) Who owns and who operates the farm, or other lands. If
the applicant is not the owner, the application should
show under what arrangements the applicant occupies and
operates the land; e.g. lease, permit, etc. The term
of the lease or permit should be shown.
Only one copy of the application is required. Applications shall
be filed with the SWCD.
3.2 Cooperators Applications Received
The priority for participation in the program shall be determined
and shown on each application.
A register of applicants received is required.
3.3 Cooperators Eligibility
Any cooperator who has control of an operating unit in BCSA, is
eligible for participation in the BCSP provided that (1) the
cooperator submits an acceptable plan of operations, and (2)
has control of the operating unit for a period required to carry
out the plan of operations. Control as used herein means owner-
ship or documented proof of control for the contract period. It
is the responsibility of the cooperator who has made an application
on Form BCS-1 to provide evidence acceptable to the project director
what he has control of all of the operating unit, for the period
that will be required to carry out an acceptable plan of operations,
before any technical assistance is furnished.
3.U Land Eligibility
The program shall be applicable to (1) privately owned lands,
(2) non-federally owned public lands under private control for
the contract period and included in the cooperator's operating
unit.
3.5 Priority of Applications for Participating in the Program
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The project director shall review all applications, Form BCS-1,
with the SUCD Board of Supervisors and set the priority of assistance
to applicants in developing the plan of operations,
3.6 Priority of Technical Assistance to Cooperators
After the planning priorities have been established, the followinp
factors shall be considered in settino- technical assistance priority:
(a) The work plan and objectives of the BCSP
(b) Seriousness of the soil and water problem, including its
relationshiD to sedinent and apT'iculture: related pollution
(c) The need for simultaneous action by two or nore cooperators
in controlling erosion - a croup of cooperators, each in
individual applicant, apreeinp to coordinated action in
neetinp erosion problems would ordinarily be preferred over
the individual applicant
(d) The need for reve^etation of land beinp used for crops not
suited for cultivation
(e) Urgency for application of conservation measures to solve
recurrinp; seasonal problems such as wind or water erosion
on critical areas
(f) Time of filinp- application in relation to other applicants
Interest and attitude of applicant and his understanding of
the propran.
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Section IV
PLAN OF OPERATIONS
The cooperator is responsible for developing a plan of operations.
An approved plan of operations developed in cooperation with the
SWCD shall form a basis for negotiating a contract. Available tech-
nical assistance in preparing the plan of operations will be pro-
vided by SCS.
The SCS Resource Conservation Planning handbook and technical guide
amended for use in BCSP prescribes the minimum requirements for the
plan of operations. Each plan of operations must be approved by the
SCS District Conservationist.
Selection of Conservation Practices
The cooperator on the operating unit shall determine how he will
use his land and the combination of conservation practices he will
use in treating each conservation treatment unit.
The conservation practices agreed to be carried out shall be carried
out in conformity with the plan of operations. Conservation practices
shall be carried out in accordance with the current specifications
obtained from the local Soil Conservation Service office.
Practices to be included in the plan of operations, shall be a
voluntary decision of the cooperator.
Measures planned on lands not eligible for cost-share, but which
are part of the operation unit shall be included in the plan of
operations.
The following statement must be included in the plan of operations
with the item to which it applies properly referenced:
"Conservation measures on land not eligible for cost-share
under the contract. The cooperator will not be in viola-
tion or non-compliance if these practices are not carried
out."
The plan of operations (see Exhibit Form BCS-2) shall show:
(a) Planned treatment for each conservation treatment unit.
The practice to be applied shall be identified and each
identifiable unit shall be listed.
(b) Estimated extent or amount of each identifiable unit.
(c) Average cost, or specified maximum cost, current at the
time the plan is developed for each identifiable unit.
(d) Cost-share rate for each identifiable unit.
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(e) Time schedule, by year, for carrying out each identifiable
unit.
(f) Estimated total cost share, by year, for each, identifiable
unit.
(g) Certification of technical adequacy by the District Conser-
vationist.
•2 The Conservation Treatment Unit
The conservation treatment unit shown in the plan of operations will
be a field or a group of fields with similar soil and water conserva-
tion problems and requiring similar combinations of landuse, cropping
or grazing systems, and conservation practices.
.3 The Tine Schedule of Land Use and Treatment
Land use changes, use of cropping or grazing systems, and application
of conservation practices are closely interrelated. Proper timing
and sequence of land treatment is essential to successful implemen-
tation of conservation plans. The time schedule shall provide a
sequence for carrying out planned conservation measures.
The plan of operations may provide that specified identifiable units
may be carried out at any time prior to or not later than one year
after the year shown in the time schedule.
The time schedule must be realistic. Schedules must consider not
only proper sequences but must take into consideration availability
of contractors, cooperator's ability to complete work, and urgency
of planned treatment. In addition, adequate time should be provided
following the application of certain practices, to determine proper
establishment.
It is, therefore, SWCD policy to schedule initial grass seedings,
tree and shrub plantings, or application of management practices,
such as crop residue use or pasture management as early as practi-
cable in contract schedules.
.4 Technical Assistance
The SCS will provide technical assistance to the cooperator in
developing and carrying out a plan of operations under the program.
The cooperator will be encouraged to use all other available sources
of assistance in developing and carrying out his plan of operations.
The project director is responsible for scheduling technical assist-
ance reqxiested by the cooperator. The SCS representative is respon-
sible for assistance in site selection, layout, and necessary super-
vision of the installation of the practices in the plan of operations,
The cooperator will be encouraged to use all other available public
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and private sources of assistance in the installation of practices
whether they are to be cost-shared or not. The project director
will receive assistance from the SCS representative to make arrange-
ments with the Area Conservationist for services of SCS employees
not located in the field office.
4.5 Plans of Operations that Involve Proups
Cooperators, in the BCSA may, with the prior approval of the project
director, include two or more operating units under contract in the
program if a group plan of operation satisfactory to the SCS re-
presentative is developed and will result in a better land use and
treatment program for the operating units throuph joint participa-
tion than would be obtained through individual operating unit par-
ticipation .
4.6 Plans of Operations Involving Units of Government
In some instances, the most practical location for conservation
practices, such as grade stabilization structures and erosion control
basins, that are required may be on adjoining road rirhts-of-way
where the county can also use the conservation practice to advantage
in the installation of road crossinps of water courses. In such cases
the cooperator may receive cost-sharing assistance under the BCSP
in carrying out the conservation practice. Cost-sharing assistance
to the cooperator would be limited, to that necessary to install
the conservation structure usira the standard SCS specifications
and rates applicable to the practice and outlined in the handbook.
Any additional expense for structural work or materials that may
be required to render the practices, serviceable as a road crossing
must be an obligation of the unit of government. For example,
if a sediment dam is to be constructed with a greater height or
width than is required to impound runoff water in order for it to
also serve as a roadway, cost-sharing shall be limited to that
which would have been payable for a dam on the minimum SCS speci-
fications required to meet the needs of the site for a seddjnent basin.
The cooperator and the unit of povernment shall execute a cooperative
agreement covering the working arrangements, division of costs and
responsibilities for construction and rmntenance and such other matters
as may be pertinent. Copies of the agreement will be provided for
the Allen Count:/ SWCD files.
Where a structure is designed for a road crossing, the plans and
specifications for that portion of the structure pertaining to the
roadway shall be in accordance with standards established by the unit
of government. The authorized representatives of the unit of
government must occur in the plans and specifications. Such con-
currence must be in writing and made a part of the contract.
4.7 Approval of Plan of Operations
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The plan of operations developed by a cooperator must meet the
approval of the district conservationist. The district conser-
vationist in making the decision that the plan of operations is a
satisfactory basis for a long term cost-sharing contract is acting
for the project director. The primary criteria for this decision
is whether the plan, within practical limits, provides for the use
of the land within its capabilities and its treatment is in accor-
dance with standards and specifications set forth in the SCS techni-
cal guide as ammended for use in the BCSP. When the district con-
servationist is convinced that the plan of operations meets re-
gulations he shall sign BCS-1 and BCS-2.
4.8 Soil Conservation District Review
The project director shall provide an opportunity for the super-
visors to review plans of operations developed by the cooperator
and the soil conservationist.
In the event such a plan is not concurred in by the supervisors
and/or the project administration because, in their opinions, it
does not meet the objective of the district or there is some question
as to its practicability the project director shall so advise the
district conservationist. The district conservationist together
with the project director, soil conservationist and the cooperator,
shall endeavor to work out a plan acceptable to all. The final
plan must, of course satisfy the criteria with respect to its
adequacy. In case apreement cannot be reached, the matter will be
referred to the SWCD Board of Supervisors, who will make the final
decision.
When supervisors have reviewed a. plan, evidence of such review shall
be shown on the plan of operations.
4.9 Certification by Contracting Officer (project director)
The project director will certify that the plan of operations has
been reviewed with the supervisors of the SWCD and that it meets
requirements for participation in the BCSP and is adequate for a
cos't-share contract. This shall be accomplished on Form BCS-2,3.
^•1° Carrying Out the Plan of Operations
The cooperator is responsible for carrying out his plan of operations
He should be encouraged to carry it out as rapidly as climatic^cond:
tions and his own resources permit in conformity with the priority o:
practice installation set in the plan of operations.
4.11 Annual Review of Plan of Operations
Each cooperator in the BCSP who had developed a plan of operations
will be contacted at least once each year. This contact will be mad
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by the SCS personnel wording on the project. Progress of the plan
of operations will be discussed and the results will be recorded on
Form BCS-9, Annual Status Report.
All cooperators will be contacted by June 30th of each year. The
Annual Status Report will be completed by the SCS representative
and submitted to the contracting officer and the SWCD for their re-
views.
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Section V
CONTRACTS
Contracts shall be based on the cooperator's plan of operations and
shall be developed in coordination with the project director.
The project director is the contracting officer and is responsible
for the legal sufficiency of the contract.
The beginning date of a contract is the day it is signed by the
cooperator. The contract is not binding on the part of the district
until (1) the contract is signed by the project administrator and
(2) the contracting officer certifies that funds are available for
the cost-sharing obligation of the contract. See contract forms
BCS-2 and BCS-3'(see Exhibit #2 and #3).
In order for cooperators to participate in the program, a contract
must be entered into by him for the contract period by which he
shall agree to carry out his plan of operations. The person who
has control of the operating unit for the proposed contract period,
must sign the contract.
The contract shall be for a period that is needed to carry out and
establish the conservation practices listed in the plan of operations
and for which federal cost-share committments are made under the
program. Contracts may be entered into during the period ending
no later than December 31, 1976. The period of any contract shall
not exceed the end of the program period. (September 30, 1977).
The contracting officer having determined that the plan of operations
is adequate for a contract may execute the contract with the coop-
erator subject to certification by the EPA project officer. It is
the responsibility of the cooperator who signs a contract to keep
the contracting officer informed of his mailing address.
If, during the contract period, all or part of the right and interest
of any cooperator signatory to the contract in an operating unit is
transferred by sale or otherwise, his successor, as transferee,
during the contract period may upon his request be substituted under
the contract for that transferred by executing a form prescribed by
the SWCD for such purposes.
Contracts previously entered into with a cooperator may be terminated
upon mutal agreement of the cooperator and the contracting officer,
only if such termination is specifically approved by the SWCD. No
contract may be so terminated unless the SWCD determines that such
termination would be in the public interest.
Requirements of contracts previously entered into with a cooperator
may be waived or modified by the contracting officer only if such
waiver or modification is specifically approved by the SWCD, or is
authorized under general policies established by the SWCD.
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.Vie contract in c- officer may find, in accordance with standards
determined bv SCS, that an identifiable unit has been candied out
in accordance with applicable propran provisions but, due to
conditions beyond the control of the cooperator sirnatory to the
contract, has failed to achieve the desirable results. In such
cases the contracting officer and/or the SWCD mav arree to modify
the contract to authorize cost-share paT>ments for apain carrying
out the identifiable unit: Provided, that the remaining period
of the contract is o^ such lenrth of time as to allow the carrying
out and establishment of the identifiable unit. The cooperator
may not be required to arain carry out an identifiable unit that
has failed due to conditions beyond his control.
Tiie contracting officer ma1-' find, in accordance with standards
determined bv the SCS, that an identifiable unit has been carried
out in accordance with applicable program provisions and has
achieved the desired results but, due to conditions beyond the
control o^ the cooperator sionatorv to the contract, subsequently
deteriorated durin^ the contract period to the point of need of
repeat applications. In such cases the contracting officer and/or
the SWCD ray a^ree to modif" the contract to authorize the cost-
si vire payments for arain carry in*"' out the identifiable \anit:
Provided, that the remaining period of the contract is of such
lenpth of time as to alia/; the carrying out and establishment of
the identifiable unit. The cooperator nay not be renuired to
a pain carry out an identifiable unit that has deteriorated due to
circumstances bevond his control.
5.1 Practices Already on the Land
If practices on the land at the time a 3CSP contract is entered into
where cost-shared under another prorrram., the cooperator1 s obligations,
if any, with regard to such practices remain with the arency that
cost-shared in carryinp out the practices. However, maintenance
cf such practices may need to be specified in the BCSP contract.
A "ftCSP contract does not relieve a cooperator ^rom any obligations
with another federal apency for practices carried out under another
propram before or after a BCSP contract is entered into.
Practices on the land ;'-. ^: ,-:r»;; rvri^te -it •;>•>•; time . BCSP contract
is entered into ma^ be utilized in carrying out the contract or in
carrvinr out another practice or identifiable unit of a practice
that is to bo. cost-shared under the BCSP. Cost-sharinr- by an apency
for nractices carried out before a BCSP contract is entered into,
does not affect cost-sharin^ under the BCSP.
VJhen it is planned hv a BCSP contract to break up or destrov a practice
on the land at the time a contract is entered into, the Soil Conserva-
tionist must make inouir^ a? the cooperator if such practice were cost-
shared under another prom-vim. If such practices were cost-shared under
another program, the coorerator must Burnish evidence to the project
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director that all obligations with regard to such practices have
been met. A record of such, evidence shall be included in every
copy of the contract.
5.2 Conservation Practices Maintenance
Each cooperator signatory to the contract shall apree to maintain
for the contract period, or if lesser, for the period of his
control of the o-oeratinp unit, conservation -practices on the op-
eratino- unit as specified in the contract. Failure to maintain
for the recuired period the conservation practices shall be con-
sidered a contract violation.
5.3 Other Programs
In developing a conservation plan, SCS technicians assisting the
cooperator and the cooperator nust recopnize that a BCSP contract
does not relieve a ccoperator from oblirrations he may have under
any other propram.
5.4 Cooperator Control of Land
Contracts may be entered into with cooperators who have control of
the land units ^or the contract period. Control means ownership or
a lonr-tem lease of the land unit under contract. It is the cooper-
ators responsibility to provide the contracting officer with proof
of control should it be recuested.
Mien a. cooperator is buyinp a land unit on contract, he must show
proof that he is buyinp- the land and that he has control of this
land for the period of the BCS contract.
In all cases the cooperator is to be informed of the consequences if
he looses control of the oneratino- unit prior to completion of the
contract.
Everv cooperator v;ho has control of an operating unit to be included
in a BCSP contract must si.rn the contract.
5.5 Contract Item ?lumber
A separate contract iten number will be assipned to each practice.
This number will be the same as that used in the data processinp
system for computinp this propram.
5.6 Second Contracts
For the purpose of protectinp the investment of the District a
second contract may be entered into on the same operating unit with
the same or a new cooperator for the purpose of repairing or re-
constructing practices supplied under the BCSP that failed or
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5'7
deteriorated provided such failure or deterioration was beyond
the control of the cooperator.
As used in this section, the tern, "the same operating unit"
neans (1) originally under a contract less any acreage trans-
ferred by sale or otherwise, and (2) land originally under a
contract plus anv added acreare that is not substantial in size
with relation to the original acreage.
All contracts on an operating unit shall be for the same time lenpth
as the propran period which ends September 30, 1977. However, the
period or the initial or first contract shall not be less than 1
'-'ear (12 nonths) nor nore than 3-1/2 years (42 months, except
contracts involving transfer of only a part of an operating unit
which does not become part o* another operating unit under contract
rrav be for less than 36 ronths. All contracts will start on the
day it is sipned by the cooperator, contract in p officer and the SWCD.
5.8 Contract
Changes in contracts shall be accomplished by Tom ECS-H, Codification
(or waivers) of contract, see Exhibit.
The effective date of a contract nodification shall be the day it
is signed by the cooperator. The nodification is not binding on the
part of the District until (1) the contractinr officer certifies
that funds are available and (2) the project adrninistrator approved
the action.
The cooperator is on his own so far as any cost-sharinp is concerned
for an identifiable unit(s) started before the modification is si
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(e) Deleting contract itens
A contract should contain all of the practices reqaired for a
plan of operations that will serve the needs of the cooperator
and accomplish the objectives of the BCSP. When the cooperator
sipns the contract, he is expected to carry out all of the
practices. There rust be a valid reason not adverse to the
SWCD's interest for deletino- any contract item. Every modifi-
cation to delete a contract item rust shew the reasons for
the deletion. Codifications and pertinent attachments must be
prepared in a manner which will permit anyone to clearly iden-
tify and locate any affected practice.
When a contract modification brings about changes in the
contract that are not readily apparent on the plan map, an
overlav or sketch map rust accompany the modification to re-
flect these changes , this includes seeding, stripcroppinp, and
windbreaks in only part of a field. If two or more of the
same practice - such as two diversions - are located in the
same field, they should be numbered or lettered, Diversion £L,
Diversion #2, or Diversion A, Diversion B.
(f) Chanrinq specifications or material
To permit the use of anv supply or material otter than that
specified in the contract, provided the substitution ade-
quately meets standards and specifications set forth in BCSP
Technical
Increasinp average costs and specified maximum costs
If an average cost increases between the time a contract is
written and the tine an identifiable unit is bepun, contracts
nay be modified to permit cost-share payment based on the
increased average cost. This does not mean that because
average costs increase, contracts must be modified to reflect
increased, average costs, Because of the cost of preparing and
processinr rodif ications , contracts should not be modified
unless failure to do so would result in a sipnificant loss
to the cooperator. ? fed if ications to increase averape costs
and specified maximum costs should be limited to the current
year. Codifications to increase average costs or specified
maximum costs only, and that involve no other chanpe, need
to be sipned only by the project director and SWCD. The sig-
nature of the cooperator is not required, provided the following
clause is included in the modification:
"This modification reflects increases in approved average
costs or snecified maximum costs. The SVJCD ar^rees to cost
share on the averape costs or specified maximum costs
cited herein. The cooperator fs initial action to carrv
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out the contract items covered by this modification
shall be deemed to be his acceptance of this irodifi-
cation."
(h) Chano-ine the amount or extent of a practice
Modification to change the amount or extent of a practice shall
be executed only when the increase or decrease in extent is
(1) known before actual installation, and (2) will result in a
sirnificant increase or decrease in the cost-share obligation.
The GWCP shall determine what they wish to consider sicmficant
for application of this reruirenent. Any sifmificant cliange in
"anount or extent" of a contract item that is not covered by
a modification must be explained with submission of the BCS-M-
application for payment.
(i) Pem.itt.inrr cooperators to destroy or break up a practice
Authority to destroy or break up a practice or an identifiable
unit carried out and/or cost-shared under the Black Creek Study
iYoprarn must be obtained by the cooperator from the S'.JCD.
"'edifications to oermit a cooperator to destroy or break up a
practice or identifiable unit are required only when the practice
to be. broken up or destroyed was carried out and/or cost-
shared under the BCSP.
''edifications to permit a cooperator to destroy or break up a
practice or an identifiable unit are subiect to the following:
(i) Clearly defined needs must be determined by the
contractinp officer prior to approvinp the de-
struction or breaking un of a practice or iden-
tifiable unit.
(ii) Planned land use of the area concerned with due
repard to practical limitations.
(iii) The breaking UP or destroying of a practice or
identifiable unit must be followed by the in-
stallation of needed compensatory treatment which
will preserve the effectiveness or identifiable
units already installed on the operatinr unit.
(iv) The chanped conservation treatment applied within
the land use must meet technical standards and
specifications applicable to the practice or
identifiable unit required ^or protection of the
land.
(v) The breakinp up or destrovinp of a practice or
identifiable unit is deemed essential, '.y the SUCD,
to the most stable operation of the farm or land.
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5.9 Reapplication of Practices that Fail or Deteriorate
Reapplication of practices that (1) initially fail to achieve desired
results, or (2) deteriorate after achieving desired results, may be
approved and cost-share paid, provided that:
(a) Reapplication is essential
(b) The specifications for the practice were met in the
original application
(c) The failure or deterioration was due to conditions and
circumstances beyond the control of the cooperator.
A cooperator cannot be required to reapply practices that fail or
deteriorated because of conditions or circumstances beyond his control.
When a practice fails or deteriorates because of conditions or
circumstances within the control of the cooperator, he is in viola-
tion of the terms of the contract. When such a violation occurs,
the District nay permit the cooperator to reapply the practice that
has failed or deteriorated without federal cost-sharing and there-
fore keep the remainder of his contract valid. .
Each iten for reapplyinn: a practice shall be numbered the same as
the original contract item suffixed with the letters "RA."
Unless a separate cost-share rate is established and approved, any
repeat application will be at the same cost-share rate shown in the
contract for the original application. For re-application use the
contract modification Form BCS-U.
5.10 Reconstitution of Operating Units
If, for any cause:
(a) Two or more operating units, as constituted at the time
a contract is entered into, are later combined, or
(b) One operating unit, as constituted at the time the contract
is entered into, is later divided into two or more operating
units, or
(c) Land is added to or deleted from an operating unit under a
contract which significantly affects the plan of operations;
The operating unit shall be considered reconstituted, when an
operating unit is reconstituted. The contract shall be modified
in accordance with procedures prescribed by the SWCD.
5.11 Transfer of Land
For application of this section, acreap-e will be considered "trans-
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ferred" if control of the acreage is lost by a cooperator for any
reason. The tern "transferee" means the cooperator who acquires
control of the land.
When all or part, of an operating unit under a BCSP contract is
transferred, the contract terminates with respect to the transferred
acreage. If the transferee will not assume the obligations of the
BCSP contract with respect to the transferred acreage, the trans-
feror is subject to certain forfeitures and refunds.
The transferee nay assume the obligations of the BCSP contract with
respect to the transferred acrearre.
The procedure to follow in transferring the rights and obligations
of a BCSP contract from one cooperator to another is dictated by
the extent of the acreage transferred and how the land will be
operated after the transfer. For transferring land the transfer
agreement BCS-5 shall be used, see Exhibit.
In addition to the description of the acreage transferred, all
items, cost-shared and noncost-shared, to be carried out by the
transferee shall be listed on the transfer agreement.
The transferee shall be furnished a complete copy of the contract
which shall include a copy of all pertinent documents including
modifications. The original copy of the executed transfer agree-
ment shall be filed vdth the SWCD copy of the contract. Copies
manually signed by both parties plus the contracting officer and
the SWCD shall be furnished to the transferee and the transferor.
Conformed copies shall be furnished for all other copies of the
contract.
The financial and time limitations of a contract are not affected
when all of an operating unit is transferred and will be operated
as a separate operating unit.
To transfer all of an operating unit to be combined with another
operating unit already under a contract,use the contract modification
procedure.
5.12 Contract Termination
If all or a part of an operating unit is transferred by sale or
otherwise, the contract terminates with respect to the acreage
transferred. Acreage will be considered "transferred" if the
control of the acreape is lost by a cooperator for any reason.
A refund of cost-share payments for identifiable units carried out
on the transferred acreage' is required unless the cooperator assumes
the obligations of the contract with respect to the rights and
interests transferred.
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Contracts expire at twelve midnight on the final date of the contract.
If all of the identifiable units in the contract have not been
carried out before the contract expires, the following shall apply:
(a) If the failure to carry out all of the identifiable units
in a contract was due to circumstances beyond the control
of the cooperator, a refund or adjustment of cost-share
payments is not required.
(b) If the failure to carry out all of the identifiable units
in the contract was due to circumstances within the control
of the cooperator a refund or adjustment of all cost-share
payments is required.
An on-site review of all items in a contract must be made
at least 90 days before the final date of a contract. This
review should be made with the cooperator. A record of
the findings must be made on form BCS-9, annual contract
status report, see Exhibit.
5.13 Contracts Hay Be Terminated by Mutual Consent If;
(a) For valid reasons, it is impractical for the cooperator to
carry out the contract. Termination under this circumstance
requires a refund of all cost-share payments that have been
made to the cooperator.
(b) Encroachment for public purposes such as highway development,
military installations, or municipal expansion have so
altered the operating unit that the remaining portion of the
operating unit unsuited for a practical operation.
Only that part of the contract that covers the acreage
remaining after encroachment for public purposes may be
terminated by mutual consent. Termination under this cir-
cumstances does not require a refund of cost-share payments.
(c) It is determined that the cooperator of the operating unit
is under such physical or mental disability that it would
not be reasonably possible for him to carry out the terms
and conditions of the contract and that to require him to
do so would work an undue hardship on him. In such cases,
the contract may be terminated without recovery of cost
shares with approval of the contracting officer and the SWCD.
Any notice terminating, a contract shall state whether or not
a refund or adjustment in cost-share payments will be required.
The notice shall also provide that the SWCD will inform the
cooperator of the amount of the refund or adjustment and
how such a refund or adjustment is to be affected. To notify
a cooperator of contract termination use BCS-10, see Exhibit.
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5.14 Actions that Tend to Defeat the Purposes of a Contract
The following actions tend to defeat the purposes of the contract:
Knowincrly or negligently destroyinp or breaking up a conservation
practice listed in the plan of operations, irrespectable of cost-
share payments, unless prior approval in writing is given by the
contractinp officer to the destroyinp: or breaking up under standards
detemined by the SWCD or SOS. Such actions by a cooperator on an
operating unit while he has control thereof during the life of
the contract shall constitute a violation of the contract.
5.15 Contract^ Violation
The cooperator shall aeree by signing a contract to forfeit all
rights to further cost-share oayments or prants under the contract
and to refund all cost-share payments or prants received thereunder,
if the contracting officer determines that there has been a viola-
tion o^ the contract during the tiine the cooperator has control
of the operating unit and that such violation is of such a nature
as to warrant termination of the contract. The cooperator who
signs the contract will be oblipated to refund all cost-share pay-
ments .
The coot>erator shall apree by sipninp a contract to make refunds
of cost-share payments or /rants received under the contract or to
accept payment adjustments in the contract, if the contracting; officer
determines that there has been a violation of the contract during
the tine that the cooperator has control of the operating unit
and that such violation is of such nature as to warrent termination
of the contract. Payment adjustments may include decreasinp the
rate of a cost-share or deleting from the contract a cost-share
corrrittnent or withholding, cost-share payments earned but not paid.
The cooperator who signs the contract will be oblipated to refund
cost-share payments.
A contract has been violated if the cooperator:
(a) Does not comply with all terms and conditions of the con-
tract. This includes, but is not limited to, failure to
carry out the plan of operations as scheduled failure to
meet SCS Specifications in establishing practices. (A
cooperator who failed to carry out a practice(s) in his
plan of operations as scheduled will not be considered in
violation if he promptly reschedules the practice(s) by
modification).
(b) Without approval of the contracting officer and/or SWCD,
destroys or breaks up a conservation practice established
under the terms of the contract.
(c) Files a false claim.
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All employees involved in the Black Creek Study shall furnish to
the contracting officer any information they obtain that indicates
a violation may have occurred. In every instance, the contracting
officer is required to ascertain if a violation has occurred and
if so, determine if a forfeiture, refund or payment adjustment or
termination nay be warranted. If a violation has occurrred and a
forfeiture, payment adjustment, or termination may be warrented,
the contracting officer shall see that the SWCD cooperator is
informed of the details of the violation in writing.
The contracting officer shall make a narrative report to the SWCD
on each case. The report shall include the information received
by the contracting officer his findings of facts and determination.
If the SWCD approves the report of the contracting officer, and no
violation has occurred, or if a violation has occurred but no for-
feiture, refund, payment adjustment, or termination is required,
no further action is necessary. A copy of the report of the con-
tracing officer, approved by the SWCD, shall be filed in the SWCD
office.
If a violation has occurred and a forfeiture, refund, payment ad-
justment or termination is required, efforts shall be made by the
contracting officer to obtain a non-compliance agreement BCS-7,
see Exhibit.
If an agreement is not made, a notice of violation shall be issued.
The notice shall be on form BCS-8, notice of contract violation*
This notice shall be forwarded to the cooperator by certified mail,
return receipt requested. After a notice of contract violation,
form BCS-8, has been issued the contract violations procedure out-
lined in the contract violations procedures section of the handbook
shall be followed.
If a violation involves considerable money or a possible termination,
of a contract, it would be advisable to confer with the attorney-in-
charge or the EPA project officer. He may serve as the hearing officer.
5.16 Contract Violations Procedure
This section prescribes the regulations for determining whether a
violation of a contract has occurred and for the effect and result
of such violation. The SWCD reserves the right to modify, amend,
revise, or supplement any of the provisions of this section at any
time: provided, that such action shall not adversely affect any
cooperator where determination or decision has been made and the
cooperator has been officially notified thereof before such action
is taken. Mo cost-share payment or cost-share shall be made pending
the determination or decision as to whether a contract violation has
occurred.
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If the contracting officer receives information indicating that
a violation of a contract may have occured but determines, with-
out the issurance of a notice as provided in this section and with
the approval of the SWCD, that no violation has occurred, or that
1±ie violation does not call for any forfeiture, refund, or payment
adjustments, no further action shall be taken.
If the cooperator subject to a forfeiture, refund, payment adjust-
ment, or termination agree in writing on a form prescribed by the
SWCD, to accept such forfeiture, refund, payment adjustment or
termination, no further proceeding under this section shall be
undertaken. The contracting officer and the SWCD shall give approval
to this agreement. The agreement shall specify the remaining ob-
ligations to the contract by both parties.
(a) If the SWCD believes, on information submitted by the
contracting officer or otherwise, that a violation of
a contract has occurred which would call for a forfeit-
ure, refund, payment adjustment or termination under
the provisions of this section, written notice thereof,
on a form prescribed by the SWCD, shall be given to the
cooperator signatory to the contract.
(b) Notice to a cooperator under this section may be shown
by (1) a written statement by the contracting officer
that the notice was personnally delivered to the
cooperator; (2) a written statement by a cooperator
ackowledged receipt of the notice; and (3) a post office
return receipt (registered or certified mail) showing
that the notice was delivered at the last address of
the cooperator or showing that the notice could not be
delivered to the cooperator at his last address because
he had moved without a forwarding address. Under this
section a cooperator will be considered to have received
the notice at the time of personal receipt, or at the
time of the return of an undelivered registered or
certified letter.
(c) The notice shall set forth the nature of the alleged vio-
lation and shall inform the cooperator that he will be
given an opportunity to appear at a hearing before the
SWCD board if he files a x^itten request for such hearing
in the SWCD office not later than 30 days before the time
he received the notice. The cooperator shall be notified
in writing by the project administrator of the time, date
and place set for the hearing. If the cooperator does not
file written request for a hearing, or does not appear at
the appointed time, he may still have an opportunity for
a hearing. The board may, at their discretion, permit
such cooperators to appear before them at another time.
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(i) The hearing before the SWCD board shall be held at
the tine and place and on the date set forth in the
notice of the hearing to the cooperator.
(ii) The hearing shall be conducted in the manner deemed
most likely to obtain the facts relevent to the all-
eged violation. The SWCD board shall have full
authority to confine the presentation of facts and
evidence to pertinent iratters and to exclude irrel-
event immaterial, or unduly repetitious evidence,
information or Questions. In so doing, the SWCD
board shall not be bound by the strict rules of
evidence as required in courts of lav;. The hearing
nay be sworn at the discretion of the board. The
hearing shall be public.
\
(d) The cooperator, or his representative, at the hearing shall
be riven a full opportunity to present facts and information
relevent to the alleged violation and may present oral or
documentary evidence. Statements ar-d evidence may be sub-
mitted at the hearing by the contracting officer. Individuals
not otherwise present at the hearinp to give information or
evidence ray, at the discretion of the board, be requesting
or permitted to give information or evidence. The board at
its discretion, may permit witnessess to be cross-examined,
includinp those individuals called by it.
(e) The board shall provide for the making of a record at the
hearinrr as will enable it to make a summary of the test-
imony received at the hearing if the cooperator and the
contracting officer agree, if the contracting officer
feels that the nature of the case is such as to make a
transcript desirable and if the cooperator requests such
a transcript a reasonable period prior to the time that
the hearing berins, a transcript of the hearing shall be made.
If a transcript is desired only by a cooperator, he will be
required to provide for its ^reparation and for the payment
of expenses thereof. If a transcript is desired by both the
contracting officer and the coorerator the cooperator
will be required to pav only the expense of a copy of the
transcript. The remainder of the expense will be paid by
the SWCD.
(f) If, at the time scheduled for the hearing, the cooperator
is absent and no appearance is made on his behalf, the board
shall after a lapse of such a period of time as they may con-
sider proper and reasonable, close the hearing, or may, at
their discretion accept information and evidence submitted by
others present for the hearing.
In every case where a cooperator is sent a notice of an
alleged violation pursuant to paragraph (d) of this section,
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except where the cooperator a<^ree. to the forfeiture, re-
fund, payment adjustrent rr te.-Tcr'.at icn as r;;o;l::ri". in
paragraph (c) o^ this section, the board shall Burnish the
contract.! nr officer with a written report settinr forth
its findings, conclusions, and recommendations.
(h) Tie board ma" authorise or reruire the reopen5_nr of any
hearin^ ^or anv reason at an'/ tine prior to its determin-
ation.
(i) If the determination of decision is that the violation is
or such a nature as to warrent termination of the contract,
the determination or decision shall state that the contract
is terminated and that all rights to further cost-share
parents or grants received under the contracts shall be
refunded. The determination or decision will state the
arount o" the refund and how pavment may be accomplished.
(j) If the determination or decision is that the violation is
of such a nature as not to warrent termination of the con-
tract, the cooperator may be required to make a refund of
cost-share parents or decision shall state the extent of
refunds of cost-share payments or prants or payment adjust-
ments. In arriving at the extent of the violation the board
mast determine (1) whether the violation was deliberate or
within the control of the cooperatcr; (2) the effect on the
program if no refund or parent adjustment is required; (3)
the extent to which the cooperator benefited by the violation;
(4) the effect of the violation on the contract as a whole;
and (5) other pertinent considerations including the appro-
priateness and reasonableness of the refund or payment adjust-
ment.
5.17 Compliance with Pernqlatory Measures
Cooperators who carry out conservation practices shall be resixsnsible
for obtaining the authorities, riphts, easements or other approvals
necessary to the carryinp out and maintenance of the conservation pra-
ctice in keeping with applicable laws and regulations. Cooperators
shall save the SUCD harmless from any infringements upon the rights
of others or from anv failure to comply with applicable laws or
reflations.
5.18 Appeals
Any cooperator may request the contracting officer to reconsider
nrior to the execution of the contract by the cooperator, any de-
termination made b" him a^fectinr the contract except this may not
include development o^ eligible conservation practices, cost-share
rates and average costs. Such renuests shall be in writinr and shall
be filed within 15 days after receiving notice of such determination.
A cooperator shall be deemed to have received notice of the determination
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if a letter, form, or other document has been nailed or delivered
to him which discloses such determination. The contracting officer
shall notify the cooperator of this decision in writing (by mailing;
or by delivery of the decision) within 30 days after the filing of
the written request for reconsideration.
If the cooperator is dissatisfied with the decision of the con-
tract inp officer, he nay within 15 days after receiving written
notice of the decision file a x^ritten appeal with the SWCD Board.
The SWCD Board shall notify the cooperator of its decision in
writing (by mailing or by delivery of the decision) within 30 days
after filing of the appeal. If the cooperator fails to request
reconsideration of a determination by the contracting officer or
fails to appeal from a decision of the contracting officerj within
the 15 days period, the determination of decision of the contracting
officer shall be final.
The contracting officer may submit staterrents or briefs, including
a review of the case, to the SWCD Board.
Whenever the regulations in this section require the filing of a
document, it is deemed filed when received, in the SWCD office.
5?19 Access to Operating Unit and Program Records
Any authorized representatives of the SWCD and U.S. EPA, for the
purpose of ascertaining the accuracy of any of the representations
made in or in connection with or leading up to any contract entered
into hereunder and the entering into any contract of the performance
of the terms and conditions of such contract sliall have the right
to enter the operating unit at any reasonable time in order to
measure the acreage, to render technical assistance, to inspect the
work undertaken under any contract and to examine any program re-
cords pertaining to the operating unit and the cooperator shall
furnish such information relating to the operating unit as may be
requested by authorized representatives of the Board.
5»20 Procedure for Individual Farm Contracts
The following procedure will be used for developing individual
contracts.
(a) The individual cooperator will sign up as a cooperator
with the, Allen County Soil £ Water Conservation District.
The basic apreement allows the District representatives
to provide assistance.
(b) The District will assist the cooperator in developing a plan
of operations, which will identify all conservation practices
needed on the land. The plan will be approved by the U.S.
EPA's project officer.
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(c) The individual plan of operations will be valid fron October
17, 1972 throuph September 30, 1977.
(d) On the basis of the plan o^ operations, the district will
enter into a contract with the individual coooerators to
provide cost-share assistance for the application of conser-
vation practices on the land. The conservation practices
to be applied will be outlined in the plan of operations
p-ivinr the estimated cost-shardnr amount to be provided by
the district in the year the practice(s) will be installed.
All parents will be rade on certification by the Soil
Conservation Service that the installation meets the tech-
nical ruide specifications. Cost-sharing will be based on
the percentage determined by the district, and approved by
the U.S. EPA's pronect officer.
(e) Each conservation practice d.n the individual plan of oper-
ations will be considered a contract iten and must be certi-
fied by the appropriate Soil Conservation Service representa-
tive before payrent can be authorized. If the estimated
contract item cost is eoual to or exceeds $2500.00, the biddino-
procedure will be used as outlined in rroup contracting.
(f) If the cost of the contract item is equal to or exceeds
$2500.00 the bidding procedure will be used, and a Coil Con-
servation Service representative will develop the olans and
specifications for the work to be performed for the individual
to advertise for a contractor. The desirm will be developed
fron •Field surveys and engineering denipn criteria established
by the Soil Conservation Service, and approved by the U.S.
EPA's project officer, before contractors are notified of bid
openino- date.
(n-) notification to contractors of bid owendino-s will be by public
advert isenent.
(h) The individual fanrer nav recuest assistance fron the district
in preparing the advertisement to prospective bidders advisin^
the contractor of the date to pic)' up their bid packet and also
notify the contractor of the date of the bid ooeninr and selec-
tion date of the successful bidder.
(i) A listinp of potential bidders will be prepared and updated
periodicallv bv the Allen Countv Surveyors office, and the
Allen County Soil £ Water Conservation District.
(i) Notice to the nrosrective bidders will contain (bidders packet):
(i) A brief outline of the work
(ii) Estimated cost ranre
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(iii) Bond requirement
(iv) Bid notice will be a minimum of fourteen (14) days
from the time the bid notice poes out until the con-
tract bids are open. The U.S. EPA's project officer
will approve the bid before the contract is let
(v) A bond of 1-1/4 tines the contract price will be
reauired
(k) An SCS representative will be placed in charpe of supervising
the installation of all conservation practices in the con-
tract .
(1) Upon completion and certification of the contract practice
installation, the district will make payments based on the
cost-sharinp schedule, (sub-section 9.6) payment will not
exceed the amount in the individual plan of operations.
(r) The individual cooperator will provide the district con-
tracting officer with bills covering installation costs
in order to receive cost-sharinp payment.
5.21 Conservation Materials or Services
Conservation materials or services needed by cooperators to carry
out their contracts will be obtained or contracted for by the
cooperator.
5.22 !-fatgrj.als and Services ? Inspection and Analysis
Conservation materials or services, used for installing prac'-' ---<=
to be cost-shared must neet the quality standards set forth
the SCS Technical f^
5.23 Procedure for '^roup Contracting
The following procedure will be used for developing proup contracts:
(a) The group members first will sipn a cooperative agreement
with the District, which allows the district representatives
to provide assistance
(b) The district will then assist the proup in developing a plan
of operations which will identify all conservation practices
needed on their land
(c) On the basis of this plan of operations, the district will
enter into a contract with the nroup to provide cost-sharinp
assistance for the application of conservation practices on
their land. These conservation practices will be outlined
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in the plan of operations spelling out the estimated cost
sharing amount to be provided by the District in the year
the practice(s) will be installed. All payments will be
made on certification by the Soil Conservation Service
that the installation neets the technical guide specifica-
tions. Cost sharinp vd.ll be based on the percentage deter-
n.ined by the District and applied to the actual cost not
to exceed the SCS representative's estimate.
(d) The Soil Conservation Service will develop the plans and
specifications for the work to be done for use by proups
5_n advertising for a contractor. This desirn will be
developed from field surveys and enpineerinp design criteria
established by the Soil Conservation Service, and approved
by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency before; contractors
are notified through local advertisements of the bid openir.p
date. A list of responsible bidders will be prepared and
updated periodically by the Allen County Surveyors Office
and the Allen County Soil and Water Conservation District.
The proup with assistance from the District, if requested,
will prepare the bid advertisement and select the bid opening
date. In the notice to the prospective bidders a brief out-
line of the work to be done and estimated cost ranpes and a
bond requirement will be stated. The individual or proup
will always provide the contractor with a rinimum of fourteen
(1U) days notice from the time the bid notice p-oes out until
the contract bids are open. The U.S EPA will approve the bid
before the contract is let. The award of the contract will be
made to the responsible bidder submitting the lowest responsive
bid. The contractor who is selected to do the work will be
required to provide a bond in the amount of 1-1/4 times the
contract price. This bond will be payable to the respective
individual or group, not to the District. A representative
of the Soil Conservation Service will be placed in charpe of
supervising the installation of all conservation practices in
the contract. Upon completion and certification of practice
installation, the District will make payments based on the cost
sharinr: rate set up in the plan of operations. Cost sharinp
will be based on actual cost not to exceed the engineers
estimate.
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Section VI
COST-SHARE
Cost-share incentives will be rade to individuals and proups to
encourage application of various conservation practice to the land.
6.1 Eligible Conservation Practices
The list of soil and water conservation practices for the BCSA
are described on pages A-41 through A-46 of the work plan and
are listed in Table A- 10 of that document. These practices are
eligible for cost-shares when carried out in combination as set
forth in plans of operations for the primary purpose of protection
apainst x-;ind or water erosion and reducing or controlling agri-
cultural related pollution, these are:
(a) Conservation Cropping System
Prowinp- crops in combination with needed cultural and
rana percent measures. Cropping systems include rotations
that contain crrasses and le.mjmen as well as rotations
in which the desired benefits are achieved without the
use of such crops.
(b) Contour Tannins
Farming sloping cultivated land in such a way that plowing
preparing and plant inp, and cult .i vat ion are done on the
contour. (This includes following established "rades of
terraces, diversions, or contour strips).
(c) Critical Area Planting
Stabilizing silt -producing and several'' eroded areas by
establishing vegetative cover. This includes vjood plants,
such as trees, shrubs, or vines, and adapted Brasses or
lepunes established. (Does not include tree plant inn, mainly
for the production o^ vood products).
(d) Crop Residue Manapenent
plant residues to protect cultivated fields durinp
critical erosion periods.
(e) Diversions
A channel with a supporting ridn;e on the lower side con-
structed across the slope,
(f) Farmstead and Feedlot Windbreaks
A belt of trees or shrubs established next to a farmstead
or feedlot.
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(g) Field Border Planting
A border or strip of perennial vegetation established at
the edge of a field by planting or by converting from trees
to herbaceous vegetation or shrubs.
(h) Field VJindbrecks
A strip or belt of trees or shrubs established to reduce
wind erosion.
(i) Grade Stabilization Structure
A structure to stabilize the grade or to control head
cutting in natural or artificial channels. (Dees not
include streair channel i^provnnent, streambank protection,
diversion, or structure for water control).
(j) Prassed Waterways
A natural or constructed waterway or outlet: shaped or
graded and established in vegetation suitable to safely
dispose of runoff frcrr a f:'cld, diveiiloa, terrace or other
structure.
(k) iioldinr londs and Tanks
A fabricate;: structure or one rrade by constructing a pit
dar, oi' ertvirkrrfir.t for '; ev.ipcrary storage of animal or
agricultural v;v>t.
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(p) Pasture and Flay land t'lanagement
Proper treatment and use of pastureland or hayland.
(q) Pasture and Hayland Planting
Establishing and re-establishing long-term stands of adapted
species of perennial, biennial, or reseeding forage plants.
(Includes pasture and hayland renovation, does not include
grassed waterway or outlet on cropland).
(r) Ponds
A water impoundment made by constructing a dam across a
watercourse or a natural basin, or by excavating a pit or
"dugout." (Such ponds do not include spring development
or irrigation reservoirs).
(s) Protection During Development
Treatment based on a plan to control erosion and sediment
during development for residential, commercial-industrial,
community servies, transportation routes or utility uses.
(t) Recreation Area Improvement
Establishing grasses, legumes, vines, shrubs, trees, and
other plants or managing woody plants to improve an area
for recreation.
(u) Sediment Control Basins
A barrier or dam constructed across a watercourse or at
other suitable locations to form a silt or sediment basin.
(v) Stream Channel Stabilization
Stabilizing the channel or a stream with suitable structures.
(Includes 90,000 feet, fencing; 6,000 feet structural stabili-
zation) .
(w) Streambank Protection
Stabilizing and protecting banks of streams or excavated
channels against scour and erosion by the use of vegegative
or structural means.
(x) Stripcropping
Growing crops in a systematic arrangement of strips or banks
on the contour to reduce erosion.
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(v>) Pur'ac? :v^ir\r
A ,-Tr,;,r-cf: ^K;;rr;ei ^or collectinr excess v;ater within a field.
"rip •/o-:.1- TV.-'.T include rrassed vaten^ay or outlet,,
(z) '""e^rycv, ''';-^'1ient
or a rid^e and channel constructed across
tV. ^lope t'1 a suitable open.inr and on an acceptable Trade to
••educe >3>"osjon derate and rollutfon bv intercepting surface
rijr.o •'"•'" -^.'-1 conductir.r it to a stable outlet.
rh errihankrent or a rid^e and channel constructed in
-'l across the slope at a suitable srecinp .and acceptable
r^dp to reduce erosion and pollution and provide a rore
arT-'ihle torrace s^^s
(bb) ^iie Trains
/" ccr.d'iit, such a.c tile, rir>e or tubinp, installed beneath
"m'jTin surface and ^'hicli collects and/or conveys drainap-e
T.7atoi->. '"J'\€. nroip.ct real is approximately 200,300 lineal
*:nrit 'jhicVi is needed ^"nr erosion and sedinent control of
'•ur-race drains and rrsssed. '.rater ways.
(cc) Tree Ilantinr
Flantinr tree seedlings and cuttinrs.
(dd) v/ildlif'e Habitat !'anarenent
petainin<^, creating, or rana^in"1 wildlife habitat for both
upland and 'ret land.
(ee) Woodland Irproved Harvest inr
Systenaticall-' renov5.nr. sone of the merchantable trees fron
an inrature stand to inpro\'e the conditions for forest
rrorth.
(ff) I food land Inprovenent
ip.^ woodland by rerovirv unrrerchantable or unwanted
trees, shrubs, or vines.
(rr) 1. bod land Pruning
Ferovinp all or parts of selected branches ^ror trees to
irprove tiri>er quality.
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6.2 Basis for Cost-Sharing
Cost-sharing may be on the basis of (1) average cost, or (2) actual
cost not to exceed a specified maximum cost as set forth in the
Table A-10 of the work plan and current specifications for the
practices including cost-sharing procedures see Exhibit.
Each identifiable unit to be cost-shared must be clearly identifiable
in the plan of operations (rorm BCS-2).
6.3 Average Cost and Specified Maximum Costs
Average cost and specified maximum cost shall be reviewed annually
and must be approved by the SWCD.
County average cost and specified maximum costs shall be reviewed for
a twelve month period, and shall be approved no later than January 33
each year.
Necessary changes in average costs and specified maximum costs shall
be approved as deemed necessary by the SWCD. Generally, changes shoi
not be made in average costs unless actual costs have increased or
decreased by 10% or more.
6.4 Determination of Average Costs
The basic element in the determination of an average cost is the
actual cost to cooperators. Data on actual costs shall be collected
on a continuinr basis, from cooperators, by SCS technicians and the
project director. Actual costs data must be collected on a represen-
tative number of jobs on all eligible practices. Such data need no"-
be collected on all jobs. In the determination of average costs, -'r.-
formation from suppliers, land prant colleges, and other sources
may be considered in addition to data collected from cooneratorn.
All cost data used in determininf average costs, must be on fil^. "':•
the office where the average costs are determined.
6.5 Specified "'axi-mum Costs
When practices are to be cost-shared on an actual cost bas5s not ti.
exceed a specified cost, a maximum amount to which cost-sharinr will
be eligible, shall be entered in the average cost column of the pL:
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Section VII
PAYMENTS
7.1 Cost-Share
The procedure for cooperators to receive cost-share payment is as
follows:
(a) The cooperator makes an application for cost-share when
the work is completed. Application is made on Form BCS-5,
see exhibit. At the same time, he submits the necessary
bills, invoice or other materials as prescribed by the con-
tracting officer. He completes and signs an in-kind or
cash contribution report, SBA-363, see exhibit.
(b) The contracting officer notifies SCS that the work has
been completed. SCS representatives then certify that
work has been done as planned and according to standards
and specifications.
(c) After the work has been certified by SCS, the contracting
officer prepares a voucher for payment and submits it to
the SWCD.
(d) The SWCD reviews the vouchers and approves them.
(e) The contracting officer then makes out and mails or delivers
a check to the cooperator.
It is the responsibility of the producer to make application for any
cost-share payment that is due him on or before June 30, of the year
following the calendar year in which the identifiable unit was applied
or installed on the land.
Cost-share payments may be made only after an identifiable unit is
carried out. "Carried out" means applied on the land. Cost-share
payments may not be made for unapplied materials, or services that
partially complete an identifiable unit of a practice.
Cost-share payments may not be made for a completed identifiable
unit that is dependent upon the performance of a practice that failed
to meet specifications. For example, a livestock watering facility
that is supplied by a pond, not meeting specifications, will not
be eligible for cost-share. In cases of this nature, the cooperator
must be informed by an explanation to be included on the Form BCS-7,
see exhibit, issued as a result of the practice not meeting specifi-
cations .
Cost-share pajanents may not be allowed for any work performed prior
to the date the contract is signed by the Cooperator.
Payments must be drawn in the names of the cooperator signatory to
a contract.
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7'2 Cost-Share Payments
Cost share nayments shall be made at cost-share rates applied in the
contract .
(a) Cost share payments are rade for carrying out identifiable
units and are conditioned upon approval of the certificate
of performance and compliance by the SCS representative.
Upon certification by SCS the coopcrator shall submit on
an approved form an application for payment to the SWCD.
(b) A cooperator is not eligible to receive cost-share payments
under the prorram for an identifiable unit which was not
or is not to be carrj.ed out under this propran.
7.3 Cost-Share for
Due to the generally nore complex and costly nature of proup projects,
they will be considered as social projects and will be subject to
written approval by both the project ad'Tir-: r'.rw" and project officer
of EPA. Special cost -share rates and amounts will be subject to
review and approval by the EPA project officer.
7.4 Cost-Share_ Payments not Subject to Claims
Any cost-share payment, or portion thereof, due any cooperator
hereunder shall be determined and allowed without deduction of claims
^or advances and without rerard to any claim, or lien arainst any
crop, or proceeds thereof.
7.5 Filinp- of False Claims
Mo cooperator shall file a claim for a cost-share payment to which
he knows he is not entitled under the provisions for the program,
includinr claim for a cost-share payments not carried out or for
eligible conservation practices carried out in such a manner that
they do not neet the required specifications thereof, and the filing
of any such claim shall constitutes violation of the contract.
7 . 6 •Banner and _Time_ of Cost-Share PayrrfirTts
Cost-share payments shall be raid to the cooperator after he has
carried out an identifiable unit of his plan of operations and
arrangements therefor shall be made by the SWCD. Payments shall be
made as soon as practicable after th-i iuenti " ;.'.-• • ' is carried
out and the extent of performance has been established. It shall
be the responsibility of the cooperator eligible for cost-share
oayments to establish his claim to such payments. Cost- share pay-
ments for identifiable units carried out under the propram will be
made only upon application submitted on the form prescribed to the
SWCD. Such application shall be filed within 90 days after the,
identifiable unit was carried out.
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7.7 Payments Due Persons, Deceased, Disappeared, or Declared Incompetent
Death: Where any person who is otherwise eligible to receive a
cost-share payment dies before payment is received, payment may
be made upon proper application therefore, without regard to claims
of creditors in accordance with the following order of precedence.
(a) To the administrator or executor of the deceased person's
estate.
(b) To the surviving spouse, if there is no administrator of
executor and none is expected to be appointed, or if an
administrator or executor was appointed but the admin-
istration of the estate is closed (i) prior to application
by the administrator or executor for such payment, or (ii)
prior to the time when a check, draft or certificate issued
for such payment to the administrator or executor is negotiated
or used.
(c) If there is no surviving spouse, to the children of the
deceased person in equal shares. Children of a deceased
child or a deceased person shall be entitled to their
parent's share of such payment, share and share alike.
If there are no surviving children of a deceased child or
such deceased person, the share of such payment which
otherwise would have been made to such child of the de-
ceased person shall be divided equally among the surviving
children of the deceased person and the estates of any
deceased child where there are surviving direct descendents.
(d) If there is no surviving spouse and no direct descendent,
payment shall be made to the father and mother of the de-
ceased person in equal shares, or the whole thereof of the
surviving father or mother.
(e) If there is no surviving spouse, or direct descendent, and
no surviving parent, payment shall be made to the brothers
and sisters of the deceased person on equal shares, children
of a deceased brother or sister shall be entitled to their
parent's share of the cost-share payment, share and share
alike. If there are no surviving direct descendants of the
deceased brother or sister of such deceased person, the share
of the payment which otherwise would have been made to such
brother or sisters shall be divided equally among the surviving
brothers or sisters of such deceased person and the estates
of any deceased brothers or sisters where there are surviving
direct descendants.
(f) If there is no surviving spouse, direct descendants, parent,
or brothers or sisters of their descendants, the payment shall
be made to the heirs-at-law in accordance with the law of the
state of domicile of the deceased person. If any person who
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is entitled to payment under the above order of prescedence
is a minor, payment of his share shall be made to his legal
quardian, but if no legal guardian has been appointed, pay-
ment shall be made to his natural guardian or custodian for
his beneift, unless the minors share of the payment exceeds
$1,000.00 in which event payment shall be made only to his
legal guardian. Any cost-share payment which the deceased
person could have received may be made jointly to the persons
found to be entitled to such payment or shares thereof under
this section. A separate check may be issued to each person
entitled to share in such payment.
7.8 Disappearance
(a) In case any person otherwise eligible to receive a cost«share
payment disappears before receiving payment, such payment
may be made upon proper application therefore, without regard
to claims or creditors to one of the following in the order
mentioned:
(i) The conservation or liquidator of his estates,
if one be duly appointed
(ii) The spouse
(iii) An adult son or daughter or grandchild for the
benefit of his estate
The mother or sister for the benefit of his
estate
An adult brother or sister for tbs benefits of
his estate
(vi) Such person as may be authorized under state law
to receive payment for the benefit of his estate.
(b) A person shall be deemed to have disappeared if (i) he has
been missing for a period of more than 3 months, (ii) a
diligent search has failed to reveal his whereabouts, and
(iii) such person has not communicated during such period
with other persons who would be expected to have heard from
him. Evidence o^ such disappearance must be presented to
the SVJCD in the form of a statement executed by the person
makin? the application for payment, settinr forth the above
facts, and must be substantiated by a statement from a
disinterested person who is well acnuaintec with the person
who has disappeared.
(c) Incornpetency: VJhere any person who is otherwise eligible to
receive a cost-share pavnent is adjudged incompetent by a
court of competent jurisdiction before payment is received,
payment mav be made, upon proper application, therefore, with-
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out rerard to claims of creditors to the poiardian or committee
legally appointed, payment, if not more than $1,000.00 may
be made without rerard to claims for creditors to one of the
following in the order mentioned for the benefit of the
incompetent person:
(i) The spouse
(ii) An adult son, daughter or grandchild
(iii) The father or mother
(iv) An adult brother or sister
(v) Such person as may be authorized under state
law to receive payment for the incompetent.
(d) Application to Heirs: In case any person entitled to apply
for a cost share payment pursuant to the provisions of this
section, dies, disanpears, or is adjudred incompetent, as the
case may be, after he has applied for such pavnent but before
payment is received, payment may be made upon proper applica-
tion therefore, without regard to claims or creditors to the
person next entitled thereto in accordance with the order of
precedence set "Forth herein.
(e) Definitions: As used in this subsection, the term "person"
when relating to one who dies, disappears, or becomes in-
competent, prior to receiving payment, means an individual
cooperator who is due a cost-share payment pursuant to these
regulations. "Children" shall include lepaily adopted
children who shall be. entitled to share in any cost-share pay-
ment in the same manner and to the same extent as legitimate
children of natural parents. Brother or sister when relating
to one who, pursuant to the regulations, is eligible to apply
for a cost-share payment which is due a person, who dies,
disanpears, or becomes incompetent prior to the receipt of
such payment, shall include brothers and sisters of the half
blood who shall be considered the same as brothers and sisters
of the whole blood.
7.9 Successors in Interest
If durinp the contract period all or a part of the right and interest
of any cooperator sirmatory to the contract in the operating unit is
transferred by sale or otherwise, the contract shall terminate as to
such cooperators with respect to the acreage which has been trans-
ferred. In the event of such termination the cooperator whose right
and interest is transferred shall forfeit all riphts to further
cost-share payments or grants made to him under the contract with
respect to such acreage unless the transferee who acquires his right
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and interest in such acreage is or becomes a party to a contract
which will assume all obligations of the cooperator under, the con-
tract .
The contract shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with
the original terms and conditions of the contract with respect to the
richt and interest remaining to the cooperator. The contract may be
modified by the contracting officer and the cooperator signatory to
the contract, to reflect the changes, if any,brought about by the
transfer, in the event necessary modifications cannot be agreed to
with the contracting officer. The cooperator shall refund all cost-
share payments or grants theretofore made to him with respect to his
remaining right and intere&t in the operating unit and to the cooperator
in the contract. If this refund occurs, the cooperator would have no
further rights or obligations under the contract.
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Section VIII
RESEARCH PROCEDURES
This section sets forth the basic field and laboratory analytical
procedures to be followed in the project described in this document
and in the plan of work Environmental Impact of Land Use on Water
Quality (EPA-G005103). It is supplemental to rather than a replace-
ment for the basic discussion of that document.
The laboratory and field procedures described in this section represent
those it is believed will be most appropriate to the work to be carried
out in the project. For example, laboratory procedures described
in Section 8.4 are believed to be those most appropriate to the
concentrations of particular substances expected to be found in the
samples collected on this project. If information developed during
the course of the project reveals that initial estimates were not
correct, changes in procedures and techniques may have to be made
to take into account the unexpected results. In that case, this
handbook should be considered a guide rather than a definitive
statement which is subject to neither change nor deviation.
Already, some changes in the basic thrust of the study have been
considered. For example, the initial objective of the biological
monitoring program was to assess the effects of land treatment practices
on the biota; however, as work has progressed, the effects of the
biota on the watershed have become very interesting. A surprising
abundance and diversity of fish have been identified in the various
tributaries of Black Creek. This observation is interesting from a
biological standpoint, and changes in these populations will no
doubt be recorded during the course of the project. The effects of
the fish on the watershed and on the sampling process are particularly
interesting also. During normal to low flow periods, the fish become
concentrated in pools. These pools are often located below bridges
where the samples are most often collected. Thus, samples taken
during low flow periods were found to contain unrealistically high
levels of turbidity due to activity of fish and of muskrats. Further-
more, the activity of the muskrats along the stream banks may have
a profound influence on bank stability and erosion problems within
the ditches. Consequently, an effort will now be made to determine
both the effects of the watershed on the biota and the effects of
the biota on the watershed and sampling methods employed.
Sampling is, of course, a fundamental problem in any monitoring pro-
gram of the type planned for Black Creek. At the present state of the
art, quantitative data will certainly not be as accurate as could be
desired. The data collected will, however, be precise enough so that
it is useful for comparison of results before and after treatment.
Efforts are being made to obtain a useable automated sampling device.
Sections 8.1 and 8.2 set forth a summary of the basic questions being
investigated during this project and the basic techniques that are
being employed. A more complete discussion of these factors is con-
tained in the work plan.
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8.1 Goals of the Project Research
The following questions are identified for study in the Black
Creek Project:
(a) Can a concentrated application of land treatment achieve
a desired reduction of sediment in the Maumee Basin and
Lake Erie?
(i) What is the estimated cost?
(ii) Can cost be accurately correlated with improvement
in water quality?
(b) What is the relationship between sedimentation and the
nutrients that accelerate euthophication?
(i) Is the phosphorus composition of the colloidal
sediment typical of the Maumee Lake Plain signi-
ficantly higher than sediment containing larger
amounts of sand and silt?
(ii) What is the contribution of erosion and sediment
transport from various soil types to NO3 concentra-
tions of runoff waters?
(iii) What is the availability of phosphorus and nitrogen
in runoff and stream waters to algae?
(iv) Are nitrogen and phosphorus liberated from or
absorbed by sediment over tine?
(c) What is the relative importance of raindrop energy to runoff
in detaching soil material for transport in Maunee Basin
soils? What is the relationship of quantity of surface flow
to detachment and transport?
(d) What are the contributions of various types of erosion (i.e.
sheet, gulley, ditch bank, etc.) to sediment load?
(e) What are the effects of the project on biological components
of the Black Creek Watershed? Conversely, what are the
effects of the biota on erosion?
(f) What kind of propran could be carried out on a basin-wide
basis to convince individual landowners to apply needed conser-
vation practices?
(i) VJhat are the attitudes toward the environment and
conservation?
(ii) VJhat are the key factors that lead to a determination
to participate in the project?
8.2 Techniques for Study
The techniques for study of these cuestions and the applications of
these methods to the Black Creek project are outlined belowe
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(a) An accelerated program, of land treatment will be carried out
in accordance with the procedures outlined in the preceding
sections of this handbook with conservation practices designed
in accordance with the Universal Soil Loss Equation.
(b) Monitoring of Black Creek and its tributaries for various par-
ameters will be carried out. Data collected will be in the
following categories:
(i) Surface and Subsurface water samples
(ii) Rain water samples
(iii) Water stage recorder data
(iv) Recording raingage data
(v) Field notes
(c) Laboratory analysis of the samples will be performed to
measure:
(i) Organic Carbon
(ii) Phosphorus
(iii) Nitrogen
(iv) Calcium
(v) Magnesium
(vi) Sodium
(vii) Potassium
(viii) Heavy metals
(ix) pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity
(d) Additional laboratory work will be done to study the equilibria
of nitrogen and phosphorus in sediment.
(e) A series of experiments on trial plots using simulated rainfall
will be conducted and the results analyzed to determine:
(i) The relative importance of raindrop energy and runoff
energy in soil detachment and transport.
(ii) The effects of various cultural practices on erosion
and sedimentation.
(iii) the effects of winter cover crop on erosion and
sedimentation.
(iv) The effects of conservation tillage systems on erosion
and sedimentation.
(f) A computer simulation model will be developed based on data
collected in the project and utilizing the Universal Soil Loss
Equation in an attempt to relate model coefficients to physical
constants.
Biological components of the watershed will be studied, primarily
fish and insect life with general surveys being undertaken of
other aspects of the biota.
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(h) A sociological study will be conducted aimed at Treasuring
the potential effectiveness oft
(i) Legislation
(ii) Education
(iii) An incentive program
in securing the cooperation of landowners in Black Creek
Watershed and the Maumee Basin in a program of improvement
of water quality through reduction of erosion.
8.3 Monitoring (data collection)
Data that are presently being collected can be classified into the
following categories:
(a) Water samples from:
(i) Surface flow
(ii) Subsurface flow
(iii) Rainfall simulator plots
(b) Rain water samples
(c) Water stage recorder data
(d) Recording raingaee data
(e) Field notes
8.3.1 Surface Flow
Sampling will be accomplished on the Faumee River, St. Joseph River, St.
Mary's River, Black Creek and its tributary drains, and Warm Drain,
which collects runoff from a check area immediately to the east of
the Black Creek Watershed.
The rivers will be monitored to determine chemical and sediment concen-
trations using hand collection techniques according to procedures
enumerated in Technicues of Water Resources Investigations of the United
States Geological Survey, Book 3, Chapters Cl, C2 and C3. Sampling
sites will be on the St. Joseph and St. Mary's Rivers above Ft. Wayne
and the Maumee River below Ft. Wayne. Reasons for the selection of these
sites are (1) to supplement USGS data, (2) to isolate the sediment and
chemical load contribution of Ft. Wayne, and (3) to study in particular
the St. Mary's River which before entering Ft, Wayne drains mostly
agricultural land. Samples to be used will be selected from the Inter-
Agency Report "catalogue" (Federal Inter-Agency Sedimentation Project
Report, 1966). Use of standard equipment and techniques will allow
for a more reasonable comparison of data collected at these and other
points in the Maumee Basin by other agencies.
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Monitoring techniques for Black Creek and its tributary drains and
the Warm Drain will differ from those used on the rivers because of
the intermittent nature of these streams and the relatively short
time to peak flow for the discharge hydrographs. For these reasons,
strategically placed pumping sampler (PS-69) as developed by the
Federal Inter-Agency Sedimentation Project will be used to automatically
collect suspended sediment and chemical samples from the flowing
streams. In addition, these samples will be supplemented by hand
collected samples at intermediate and secondary sites throughout the
Black Creek Watershed and the drainage area for the Warm Drain.
Samples to be collected by the automatic pumping samplers will be
taken from the suspended load portion of the stream discharge using
a float device. Comparison of the sediment concentration will be
made to determine what correction factor if any will be necessary to
apply to the singular point values.
Presently fourteen active surface water quality monitoring sites
are in operation in the Black Creek Watershed and the drainage area
connected with Warm Drain. Seven of these sites are also control
sections of a stream or reservoir at which discharge measurements
will be made. At the control sections, the surface stage measurements
are continuously monitored using pressure-actuated stage recorders.
The control sections on the steams have been improved by installing
low flow weirs either constructed from sheet piling or steel plating.
Calibration of stage with discharge will be accomplished using standard
stream gaging equipment and techniques.
For each hand sample, two 500 ml. aliquots of discharge are collected
at each site. One 500 ml, aliquot is frozen unfiltered immediately
on return to the field laboratory located within the confines of Black
Creek Watershed. About 200 ml. of the other aliquot is filtered through
a 0.45 u pore-sized, acid (O.UI HC1) rinsed filter before being frozen.
The remainder is used to determine the pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity,
and alkalinity if these parameters have not already been determined by
the sampling sites.
In addition to the above surface water sites, several more will be
installed at point pollution sources in the watershed and on sediment
collection basins as they are constructed.
8.3.2 Subsurface Flow
Extensive subsurface drainape systems have been installed in the
Maumee Basin to make the heavy, relatively poorly drained soils of
the basin suitable for agriculture.
Subsurface flow will be monitored for chemical and sediment discharge
using FS-69 automatic samplers. A minimum of three subsurface drain-
age systems which drain representative soil groups in the basin will be
selected. Punping facilities near the present outfalls are needed to
alleviate backwater problems. Pumps to provide temporary storage of
discharge will be calibrated so that a strip chart record of the
pumping cycle will then provide a measurement of discharge.
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Water samples will be treated similar to the surface flow samples
described in the previous section.
8>3'3 SJJnu.la.ted Painfall Plot Samples
Three sets of samples are collected from each Painulator test site
for:
(a) Nutrient analysis
(b) Determination of total sediment and its physical comp-
osition,
(c) Detailed phosphorus analysis
The samples for the first two of these uses are treated in the same
iranner as has been described in Section 8.3.1. Samples for detailed
phosphorus analysis are bulk runoff samples amounting to four liters
per individual test storm«
The water applied during the operation of the rainfall simulator is
determined from samples from small alurinum channels placed diagonally
across each plot. Runoff is recorded by a water level recorder on a
small calibrated flume. Samples ^or sediment and nutrient analysis
are collected by a sam.plinp slot on a r^all rotatinr '--heel. A rore
detailed description of the operation of the rainfall simulator is
contained in Appendix 9e7.
8.3.4 Painwater Samples
There are two operational rain water nuality monitorinn- sites. 'Rain
is collected and stabilized chemically. Samples are extracted and
frozen for return to Purdue for analysis for nitrogen, phosphorus,
sulfer and pH.
8.3.5 Water Stan-e Recorders
The xcater stape recorders, the use of which was described in Section
8.3.1, are pas operated units which measure the water sta<~e hy noting
the pressure reouired to allow a bubble orC02 "'as to escape. By use
of calibrated control sections in "streams or reservoirs, the recorded
water stages can be related to discharge.
8.3.6 Recording Painpapes
A relatively dense network of recordinr rainpaeres has been established
in such a way that neither natuial nor man made features will interfere
with the catch of the rapes. The network has heen established to
provide data on the amount, intensity and areal distribution of
pr?-'::. V.td^-'r.n,
Data is interpretable in five minutes intervals. Ten c-a-res have been
established on the 12,000 acre watershed. All to?-, will be operated
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during the spring, summer, and fall when intensive thunderstorms
are most likely, During the colder months, when precipitation has
a more uniform areal distribution, the number of pages in operation
is reduced. At least two panes will be operated in the winter and
they will be prepared for full-winter operation including the collec-
tion of snow.
It is desirable to have shielded .rapes; however, it is not believed
that the additional precision obtainable with shielded gages is
necessary for the objectives of this project, particularly when it
is considered that many individual landowners find the bulky shield
mechanism objectionable when it is located naar farm buildings or
residences and are much less willing to give permission for the
installation of a shielded raingap;es,
Calibration of each gage is checked after installation. It will be
rechecked annually. Servicing of the gages is on a four to five
day schedule. This service freauence provides good timing accuracy.
When the gapes are serviced, charts are remover' and sent to Purdue.
Daily rainfall amounts for each gape are recorded.
8.3.7 Field Notes
The Purdue project coordinator is responsible for preparation of a
detailed set of field notes. Although these notes are not of quan-
titative use, they are extremely useful for explaining anomalies
in data that may result from extremely localized unusual weather or
field conditions.
3.4 Laboratory Analysis
Water quality samples collected from the systems outlined in the
preceding section will be analyzed at the Purdue Field Laboratory
at the town of Harlan and in the Water Quality Laboratory established
in the Agronomy Department at Purdue University. Analyses of samples
are as outlined on Figures 8-1, 8-2, and 8-3. Basically, analyses
for suspended solids, N components, P components, and organic carbon
will be emphasized. These indicies of water quality were selected
for the following reasons:
(a) Suspended solids is the basic parameter which will be used
in this study to assess decreases in sediment loads in
streams through use of soil conservation practices. Sus-
pended solids lower water quality and usefulness of water
resources by increasing the cost of purifying drinking water,
decreasinp desirability of water for recreation, interfering
with food supply and reproduction in some game fish, promoting
siltation of lakes, reserveirs, harbors, etc., and causing
excessive wearing of metal parts in hydroelectric generating
plants.
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(b) llitroren content of water is important because nitrate in
drinking water mav impair the health of infants and runimant
livestock at concentrations rrreater than 10 ppm NCg-N
(I'SPKS standard). In addition, available forrn* of N such
as arrronium and nitrate may promote excessive nx>vth of
alpae and aquatic weeds (eutrophication) in surface waters
when concentrations exceed about 0.5 ppm of N. It is
important to measure the amount of nitropen in the sediment
phase because the N may be releasad to the water phase by
microbial activity,
(c) Measurement of the phosphorus components in water samples is
necessary because P has been identified as the «;lement most
often limit inp alpae growth in aquatic environments. Therefore,
any influx of P may promote luxurous rrpowth of algae. Although
dissolved forms of P are most available to aquatic plants,
it is mandatory that the P content of sediment be determined
to estimate the potential size of the P source which could be
liberated to the water phase.
(d) Orpanic carbon is a useful water quality parameter from several
standpoints. The level of dissolved organic C provides an
index of the trophic state of the water, indicates the size of
the anerpy pool available to heterotrophic aquatic rdcroor-
panisms, and provides information on the source of contamination,
i.e. apricultural runoff or sewape discharpe.
In addition, analyses for water temperature, dissolved oxyeen, turbidity,
pK, and alkalinity will be made at the time of sampling or immediately
following sampling. Periodic measurements of K, Ca, ^cr, Na, orran-
ochlorine pesticides, and selected heavy metals will be made on some
samples to determine if any unusual conditions exist within the watershed.
Follow-up samples will be taken if some unusual concentrations of the
above listed elements cr> compounds are detected.
Methods to be employed are those specified in the Environmental
Protection Apency publication Methods for Chemical Analysis of
and Wastes published in 1971 or those in "the following section" o
this handbook . Methods were chosen on the basis of those which
most suitable from, the standpoints of percision, accuracy, and
efficiency for the ranpe of concentrations, expected in the watershed
samples. All methods were evaluated for suitability p>rior to adoption
in the laboratory.
Laboratory Methods
The following are laboratory methods currently in use at the Water
Quality Laboratory in the Purdue University Aorronony Department.
8.4.1.1 Nitrogen
(a) Total soil nitrogen
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1. Place 200 ing. soil samples «100 mesh) into clean,
dry Folin-Wu digestion tubes.
2. Add 1.1 g. of Kjeldahl catlyst mixture (Kjeldahl
spatula).
3. Add 3 ml. of concentrated H2SOit and swirl to mix.
U. Place digestion tubes into aluminum block preheated
to 350°C. and place small glass funnels in the mouth
of the tubes.
5. Heat samples at maximum setting on hot plate for 3
hours after digest clears.
6. Remove and cool.
7. Dilute to 50 ml. with deionized water and mix with a
vortex mixer.
8. Transfer an aliquot of diluted digest containing from
0.2 to 0,5 mg. of N to a 100 ml. distillation flask
without side arm.
9. Add 15 ml. of ION NaOH through funnel on distillation
apparatus. ~*
10. Distill into a 50 ml. Erlenmeyer flask which contains
5 ml. of boric acid indicator till 30 ml. of distillate
(marked 35 ml. on the flask is collected).
11. Titrate the distillate with sulfuric acid (standardized)
to a pale grey.
(If material containing <.2%N are analyzed, a soil sample
equivalent to 0.2 to 0.5 mp. N is digested. Samples with
low N are not diluted but are transferred quantitatively
to a distillation flask, using deionized water to rinse
the digestion tube.)
(b) Inorganic Nitrogen-Water
Ammonium;
1. Pipette a 25 ml. aliquot of filtered water in a 100 ml.
distillation flask with side arm.
2. Add 0.2 g. ipnited HpO (MgO spatula).
3. Distill into a 5 ml. Erlenmeyer flask which contains
5 ml. of boric acid indicator till 30 ml. of distillate
(narked 35 ml. on the flask is collected).
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4, Titrate the distillate with standardized sulfuric acid
to a pale grey.
Nitrate;
5. To the sample above previously treated with MgO add
0.2 g. of Devardas Alloy (D.A. spatula).
6. Distill and titrate as before.
(25 nl. deionized water will be used as a blank).
(c) Total Nitrogen - Water
Filtered Water;
1, Pipette 20 ml. of filtered water into a digestion
tube.
2. Add 200 mg. of reduced iron and 0.3 ml. (5 drops)
of concentrated sulfuric acid.
3. Evaporate the sample (to remove water) in the oven
overnight at 105°C.
4. Renove and cool.
5. Add 3 ml. of concentrated sulfuric acid and heat sample
to a gentle boil with the funnels on for 15 minutes
in the aluminum block in the hood.
6. Remove, cool, and add 1.1 g. of KieldiM catalyst mixture
(K^eldahl spatuala).
7. Swirl to mix and put on funnel.
8. Digest at iraximum heat on the hotplate in the hood
90 minutes past time of clearing of digest.
9. Renove, cool and add 10 ml. of deionized water. T'ix
with a vortex mixer.
10. Transfer sample to distillation flask without side arm,
11. Add 15 ml» of ION NaOH throuph funnel on distillation
apparatus.
12. Distill into a 50 ml. Erlenmeyer flask vtftich contains
5 rl. of boric acid indicator till 30 ml. of distillate
(marked 35 ml. on the flask is collected).
13. Titrate the distillate with standardized sulfuric acid
to a pale grey.
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Unfiltered Water;
Repeat the above procedure with unfiltered water.
(20 ml. of deionized water will be used as a blank).
(d) Inorganic Nitrogen - Soil
1. Place 20 g. of soil into a 250 ml. Erlenmeyer
flask.
2. Add 100 ml. of 2N KCL.
3. Stopper and shake for one hour.
H. Let stand briefly.
5. Transfer a 20 ml. aliquot of the solution into a
distillation flask with side arm using a wide mouth
pipette.
6. Add 0.2 g. ignited MgO (MgO spatula).
7, Distill into a 50 nl. Erlenmeyer flask which contains a
5 ml. of boric acid indicator till 30 ml. of distillate
(marked 35 ml. on the flask) is collected,
8. Titrate the distillate with standardized sulphuric acid
to a pale grey.
Nitrate :
9. To the sample above previously treated with MgO, add
0.2 g. of Devardas Alloy (D.A. spatula).
10. Distill and titrate as before.
(20 ml. of 2N KCL will be used as a blank).
ug N/HsppmN/g1 soil
(e) Catalysts and Reagents
Devarda's Alloy:
1, Ball mill 1 Ib. of commercial grade Devarda Alloy for
at least 18 hours.
ffore than 90% should be ^300-mesh.
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Kjeldahl Catalyst;
1. Grind 100 p. Of potassium sulfate in a mortar and
pestle to a coarse powder.
2. Grind 10 p. of copper sulfate in a mortar and pestle
to a powder.
3. Mix 1. and 2. in a mortar and pestle.
4-. Add 1 p. of selenium to 3. and mix with a mortar and
pestle till well mixed.
5. Repeat above until supply is sufficient.
Boric Acid- Indicator Solution:
1. Dissolve 20 f. of pure HgBOo in about 700 ml. of hot
water, and transfer the cooled solution to a 1 liter
volumetric--Flask containing 200 ml. of ethanol and 20
ml. of a mixed indicator solution prepared by dissolving
0.330 p. of bromocresol preen and 0.165 p. of methyl
red in 500 nl. of ethonol.
2. After nixinp the contents of the flask, add approximately
0.05 N NaOH cautiously until a color chanpe from pink to
pale preen is iust detectable when 1 ml. of the solution
is treated with 1 ml. of water.
3. Then dilute the solution to volume with water and mix it
thorouphly.
Ipnited MpO;
1. Heat heavy MpO in the electric muffle furnace at 600°
to 700° for 2 hours.
2. Cool the product iust enough so that it will not crack
a desiccator.
3. Cool to room temperature in a desiccator containing KOH
pellets.
4. Store in HpO bottles.
Standardization of Sulfuric Acid for Kjeldahl Distillation;
1. Add 2 ml. of concentrated sulfuric acid to 18 1. deionized
water in a carboy and mix thorouphly.
2. Make a 0.01 N THAK standard by weighing accurately a
1.12114g. of THA>'. and dissolving it in a one liter volumetric
flask with deionized water.
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3. Pipette 5 ml. of 0,1 N THAM, into a 50 ml. Erlenmeyer
flask containing 5 mlT of boric acid - indicator
solution.
4. Titrate to the endpoint using the micro burette with
the sulfuric acid to be standardized.
Normality of acid = (normality of THAM) x (ml. of THAI
/ (ml. of acid),
ug of nitrogen/ml, of acid = (normality of acid) x
14,000.
8.4.1.2 Phosphorus
Phosphorus is measured through the use of a spectrophotometer w
is callibrated daily in the Purdue Laboratory utilizing the fol
calibration procedures:
25 ml. final volume:
(1) Add from 1 to 10 ml. of 2 ppm. phosphorus solution to
50 ml. digestion tubes.
(2) Add deionized water to 20 ml.
(3) Add 5 ml. of Murphy-Riley Ascorbic Acid solution.
(4) Mix with vortex mixer.
(5) Read absorbance after 10 minutes at 880 nm,
(6) Range:
ml. of 2 ppm P ppm of P in tube
1 0.08
2 0.16
3 0.24
4 0.32
5 0.40
6 0.48
7 0.56
8 0.64
8 0.72
10 0.80
50 ml. final volume:
(1) Add from 2-20 ml of 2 ppm. phosphorus solution to 50
ml. digestion tubes.
(2) Add deionized water to 40 ml.
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(3) Add 10 ml. of Murphy-Riley/Ascorbic Acid solution.
(4) Mix with vortex mixer.
(5) Read absorbance after 10 minutes at 880 nm.
(6) Range:
ml. of 2 ppm P ppm. of P in tube
2 0.08
4 0.16
6 0.24
8 0.32
10 0.40
12 0.48
14 0.56
16 0.64
18 0.72
20 0.80
(a) Soluble Water Phosphorus
1. Pipette 20 ml. of filtered water into a digestion tube.
2. Add 5 ml. of Murphy-Riley solution containing ascorbic
acid.
3. Mix with a vortex mixer and read absorbance at 880 nm
after 10 minutes.
(b) Total Phosphorus
Filtered Water:
1. Pipette a 20 ml. aliquot of water into a digestion tube.
2. Add 5 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid and evaporate
in an oven at 105° C. overnight.
3. Remove and cool.
4. Add 1 ml. of perchloric acid with a pipette.
5. Put on funnel and digest for 15 minutes at 205°C. in the
aluminum block in the perchloric acid hood.
6. Cool and add deionized water to a total volume of 30 ml.
7. Neutralize with 5 N_ NaOH using 1 drop of p-nitrophenol
(0.25% solution) as an indicator.
8. Add 10 ml. of Murphy-Riley solution with ascorbic acid.
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9. Bring to volume, mix with a vortex mixer, and read the
absorbance at 880 nm after about 10 minutes,
Unfiltered Samples:
The procedure is the same for unfiltered samples with the exception
that digestion in the aluminum block in the perchloric acid hood
should continue for 30 minutes rather than 15.
(c) Murphy-Riley Solutions
For 19 liters stock solution:
1. Add 555 ml. of concentrated sulfuric acid to about 4000 ml.
of deionized water in a 12 liter carboy. Allow to cool
after swirling.
2. Dissolve 48 g. of ammonimum molybdate in about 1000 ml.
of deionized water.
3, Dissolve 1.097 g. of antimony potassium tartarate in about
1000 ml. of deionized water.
4, Transfer 2. and 3. to 1. Rinse beakers with deionized water
and dilute to 10 liters in the carboy.
Ascorbic-Acid Solution;
1, Mix daily as needed.
2. Add 4.22 g. ascorbic acid to 1 liter of Murphy-Riley Stock
Solution and mix.
3. Clean tubing and jar daily when in use.
.4.1.3 Organic Carbon
Organic carbon in filtered and unfiltered samples is determined by a
Dohrman Envirorotech DC-50. Organic Carbon Analyzer in accordance wi-Qi
the instruction manual furnished with the instrument. Specifically an
acidified 30 ue water sample is injected into a boat containing Mn02.
The boat is moved to a 90° vaporization zone where water, carbonates,
and volatile organic compounds are removed. Volatile organics are
trapped on a porapak chromatographic column and subsequently back-
flushed from the column and estimated as methane -C after reductive
pyroloysis.
The boat is then moved to the pyrolysis zone (950°C) where residual
organic C is pyrolyzed under reducing conditions and methane is liberated.
Methane is determined by a flame ionization detector and the C con-
centration in the sample is calculated by integration of the methane
release peak and the C content is displayed in digital form. The
instrument has a range of 0-2000 ppm organic C and a precision of
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-> .! or + 2% whichever is greater.
Fractionation of N and P in Detailed Laboratory Studies
An important part of the work plan for this project is directed at
chemical fractionation of N and P components in sediment-water systems
and elucidation of relationships between the forms of these nutrients.
This phase of the study will allow interpretations to be made based
on monitoring data.
It is widely known that algae and non-rooted aquatic weeds derive
their nutrients from those present in a dissolved state in the water
in which the plants are growing. If there were not sources for re-
plenishment of dissolved N or P the plants would utilize all that
was present and their growth rate would become zero. In most aquatic
systems, however, suspended or floculated sediment (eroded soil
particles) is present to release nutrients to the water phase. Thus,
an equilibrium normally exists between soluble nutrients and those
associated with the sediment phase. During nutrient depletion of the
xrater phase, N and P are liberated from sediment, whereas the sediment
may serve as a sink for nutrients during nutrient enrichment of
water. Nutrients may be incorporated into sediments by absorptions,
electrostatic attraction, precipitation, or biological immobilization.
If we are to determine the impact of agricultural erosion, subsurface
drainage, and runoff water upon water quality, it is not enough to
measure total nutrient loads derived from agriculture0 We must know
the forms of nutrients transported, the relationships between forms
of nutrients (equilibria) and the availability of various nutrient
forms to aquatic life. This study, therefore, attempts to collect
some of the information for the soils of the Black Creek Watershed
realizing that a larp;e number of soil, land ;nariagement', and hydrologic
factors ultimately control nutrient transport and subsequent reactions
in agricultural watersheds.
The outline in Figure 8-4 sets forth the procedures to be followed to
accomplish study objectives. Samples of runoff from rainulator plots
have been collected, frozen and stored. These samples represent
fertilized and unfertilized plots of our soil types representative
of soils in the watershed. The runoff samples were taken at varying
times during the course of two, 2-1/2 inch rainstorms applied to each
plot. Runoff samples will be thawed at room temperature and subjected
to chemical and physical fractionation according to the scheme
outlined in Figure 8-4.
The data obtained from the analyses outlined in Figure 8-4 will be
utilized in two ways. First, an attempt will be made to relate total
nutrient transport in the various forms to soil and fertility factors
present at each experimental site. Secondly, correlation techniques
will be used to establish relationships between the parameters measured
for each soil type and for all soils considered together. After the
relationships are established for surface runoff, samples of water will
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be collected within the Black Creek Watershed and from the Maumee
River to determine if similar nutrient equilibria between sediment and
water exist. Of particular interest with these later samples is
determination of the equilibrium, phosphorus concentration (ETC).
The EPC is determined by equilibrating the sediment with phosphorus
solutions of varying concentrations and calculating the level of
solution P at which neither sorption of added P or desorption of
sediment P occurs. The EPC is an important parameter of sediments
because it can be used to predict sorption or release of P when
sediment comes in contact with water of varying P levels.
The availability of nutrients in sediment water systems to algae
will be evaluated by a bio-assay technique in which a twc»-compartjnent
growth chamber having a semi-permeable memberane between compartments
is used. First the diffusion rate of nutrients in the system will
be determined by placing sediment water in one compartment and pure
water in the other and measuring the change in nutrient content of
the pure water with time. Secondly, a seed solution of algae cells
will be added to pure water side of the growth chamber and growth
rates measured by increase in cell mass or chlorophyll content.
Growth of algae in standard nutrient solutions will be used as a
measure of the ability of the sediment water system to supply
nutrients to algae assuming that diffusion of nutrients across the
semi-permeable membrane is not a limiting factor. By appropriate
chemical determinations, the rates of algae growth and nutrient
uptake can be measured and equations developed to predict the rates
of nutrient supply by the sediment phase based upon sediment
properties and nutrient diffusion rates.
Rainfall Simulator Tests
The procedures for conducting simulated rain tests are essentially
as follows:
Plot size ~ Equipment is assembled over groups of four plots. Two
plots are 12' x 35' separated by a 61 border. The other two plots
are each 61 x 35' separated by a I1 border. The group of four plots
occupy an- area approximately 50' x 60', This allows room for in-
stalling runoff measuring equipment at the base of the plots and
anchor cables to hold the equipment in place.
Plot arrangements — Plots are laid out so that slope direction is
alligned with plot length. In all cases tillage and row directions
are up and down the major slope.
Water supply ~ A clean (free of sediment and nutrients) source of
water is necessary. A portable tank with water hauled to the site
is the most frequently used water supply.
Land preparation ~ A variety of cultural practices and methods of
land preparation will be tested. Runoff samples will be collected
from both unfertilized plots and plots where a known application of
fertilizer has been made.
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Fertilizer to be used is in the forms of NH^CU and treble super
phosphate applied by broadcasting on the surface.
(1) Tests to determine base valves for runoff, sediment and
nutrient concentrations.
Fallow plots are to be prepared by turn plowing and then
disking to keep weed free. Tests are to be conducted on four
major capability classes of soils that account for more than
80% of the capability classes in the test watershed.
Test storms — The following test sequence is applied to all locations.
The two 12* x 35' plots receive the following test storms:
(a) Storm la - 60 minute duration at 2-1/2 inches per hour.
(b) Storm 2 a - 30 minute duration 24 hours after storm la at
2-1/2 inches per hour.
(c) Storm 3a - 30 minutes duration 15 minutes after the end of
storm 2a at 2-1/2 inches per hour.
(d) Storm 4a - 15 minutes duration 15 minutes after the end of
?torm 3a at 5 inches per hour.
The 6' x 35' plots are tested by the following storm sequence:
(a) Storm Ib - approximately 45 minutes of rain, then rain stopped
and inflow added until the runoff reached the level attained
where rain alone was used.
(b) Storm 2b - 30 minutes rain at 2-1/2 inches per hour plus inflow
at the rate applied in storm Ib.
(c) Storm 3b - 30 minutes total duration with first 15 minutes
using inflow alone at the rate used in storm la and double
inflow used for the last 15 minutes.
(d) Storm 4b - 15 minutes duration with double inflow used in
conjunction with 2-1/2 inches per hour of rain.
Runoff is sampled at approximately 5' intervals for both sediment
content and nutrient content. Nutrient samples are frozen within two
hours after runs are completed. All samples are returned to Purdue
for analyses of sediment and nutrients.
(2) Tests to determine effects of cultural practices on runoff,
sediment and nutrient concentrations.
Several crop production and management systems will be compared
on the same sites where base valves were obtained. The test
storm sequence and procedures for handling samples discussed
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earlier will be followed. Cultural practices tested by tfiis
technique include:
(i) fall plowing
(ii) winter cover
(iii) several forms of conservation tillage
(iv) crop rotations
(v) residue management
(vi) overgrazing of pasture
(vii) aninal waste disposal on crop and pasture land
Additional information about the use of the Purdue Rainulator (rain-
fall simulator) is found in Appendix 9.7 to this document.
8.6 Tillage Management Demonstration Areas
In order to encourage landowners in the Black Creek Watershed to
gain experience with tillage managment systems with which they are
not familiar, a strip test system of comparisons will be established.
All important soils of the watershed will be included with the
exception of overflow bottomlands.
Soil manipulation in tillage generally reduces soil granule size and
strength to resist impact of raindrops. It encourages faster slake
of granules, filling of surface soil pores, and reduction of water
intake leading to conditions where soil erosion can increase. Effects
are conditioned by the amount of tillage performed.
Much is known about the effects of heavy tillage, planting, and cul-
tivating equipment on reduction of granule size, compaction of sub-
surface layers, and reduction of crop rooting. These can produce
delayed downward percolation of water, slow soil drainage, and de-
creased trafficability that delay planting in wet spring periods.
Much is also known about the effects of soil texture and organic
matter in helping soils resist bad effects of heavy tillage and in
promoting structural recuperation during the off-crop season.
In Black Creek Watershed, there are soils of a wide range of textures,
organic matter content, and natural soil drainage. These range from
low organic matter, rather unstable, loamy sands and sandy loams to
high organic matter, silty clay loams and silty clays of high stability.
This suggests desirability of adopting a wide range of tillage planting
systems which can assure good plant populations, adequate weed control
and satisfactory yield in various soils.
Based on long term Purdue research and field trials (see appendix
9.8), as well as work in neighboring states, aceptable systems to fit
given soils can be based on Mold Board Plowing Spring or Fall, Chisel
Plowing Spring or Fall. Till planting with sweeps eliminating the
need for yearly planting, and narrow strip tillage in a mulch such as
coulter planting, which can also eliminate needs for yearly plowing. While
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moldboard plowing has the widest adaptation, the other three systems
can be adapted if choices are carefully made to suit soil and cropping
conditions.
Early studies in Black Creek Watershed show that moldboard plowing is
the doninant land preparation followed by sufficient discing or
harrowing to make a rather fine seedbed. This is usually called
conventional tillage. At the same time such methods are usually the
most labor and energy consuming and do the most to reduce granule
size and make soil and surfaces smoothest and most susceptible to
erosion.
Use of simulated rainfall has repeatedly shown that on sloping land
the three systems not based on a regular use of a moldboard plow are
most protective against erosion. Coulter-plant tillage in a mulch
can reduce erosion by 80-90 percent and tillplant can reduce it
60-70 percent especially if used cross-slope. Chisel plow systems
offer real advantages in reducing plow sole compaction and inducing
early spring soil drainage. For Fall basic tillage the chisel plow
provides a cloddy, trashy surface which offers good protection against
wind and water erosion losses in vulnerable early spring periods.
Double discing for primary tillage leaves a trashy surface cover and
may be adequate land preparation in some soils while still reducing
erosive tendencies (see Appendix for Black Creek Specifications 475,
for "Minimum Tillage.").
Since need for tillage is the one common denominator in land mangement
for cropland, any systems offering soil physical improvement as well
as savings in labor and time are worth strong consideration. When
adopted regularly they can become very important tools in erosion
prevention and can be applied either with or without the use of other
erosion control practices many of which are difficult to use in
today's large equipment, row crop farming. Gradual adoption of
limited or minimum tillage practices could effect an overall erosion
reduction in the watershed of considerable magnitude.
For these reasons much emphasis will be placed on helping farmers
study reduced tillage systems by use of field strip demonstrations
comparing adapted systems to conventional ones side by side. These
will hopefully lead to expansion of best adapted systems to a field
basis. At the same time, use of simulated rainfall will be employed
on plots over a wide range of soil textures on which tillage variables
are employed in preparation of the plots. These will substantiate,
for Black Creek Watershed soils, what improvements in surface soil
stability, infiltration, water intake rate and erosion prevention can
be achieved by reducing tillage operations. This will allow extra-
polation of results to similar soils of the Maumee Basin as a whole.
8.7 Fish Collection Methods
Population abundance and species composition of fish is being studied
in six specified areas in the Black Creek Watershed. Although fish
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populations will be surveyed in some study areas by seining and
electo-fishing, most of the comparative data will be collected with
rotenone. One fish sairple will be obtained with rotenone from each
study area annually. Although multiple stations should be established
on each tributary, in order to obtain more accurate lists of the
fish species present and to better estimate the average population
abundance, the small area available makes such action unwarranted.
The first requirement considered in the site selection process was
easy access to the sample site. Thus, all stations are accessible
from a highway bridge or farm lane. After the general area has been
selected the specific sample site is chosen to include typical
fish habitat for that area. For example, at least one pool and a
riffle area are included in every station. Bridges are not considered
typical fish habitat and are excluded from, every station.
Prior to treatment, each sample site is measured and blocking nets
installed. Sample sites are always 300 feet long. Stream width
and average depth are measured every 50 feet to determine water
volume in the 300 foot section. In addition, a crude map is cons-
tructed for later reference to show the general shape of the stream,
the depth and location of any pools, the site and type of any cover
in the stream, and areas of cover along the stream bank.
Sample sites are approached quietly and blocked off at both ends
with a 1/U inch mesh minnow seine. The seins are held in place and
anchored tightly to the bottom by steel fence posts. Starting at the
upstream net, 4- ppm by volume emulsified rotenone is applied by hand
broadcasting the white liquid from, a pail. Preceding downstream,
a special effort is made to treat quiet backwaters, muskrat holes,
and other parts of the stream that the main slug of poison appears
to bypass. As the rotenone approaches the downstream net, an assistant
begins detoxification with 8 ppm potassium permanganate. This
procedure and these concentrations were suggested by the Division
of Fish and Wildlife, Indiana Department of Natural Resources through
Bob Robertson, District Fish Management Biologist at Knox.
Fish are collected with hand nets as they float downstream. Several
collection passes are also made throughout the sample site to pick
up fish from the bottom and the shoreline. Collection is continued
until no more fish are found, which usually requires three or four
hours per station. The fish are preserved immediately in 10 percent
formalin and then transported back to the laboratory. Finally, fish
for each sample site are kept separate from fish of other sample
sites.
The fish are held in 10 percent formalin for approximately a week,
then washed in tap water and stored in 70 percent ethyl alcohol.
Fish from each sample site are separated by species and counted.
Total weight for all individuals of each species is determined to
the nearest gram on a dietetic scale manufactured by Pelouze,
Evanston, Illinois. The average weight for each species is also
determined by dividing the total weight of a species by the total
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number of that species. The size range for each species is determined
by measuring the total lenpth of the shortest and lonpest fish to the
nearest millimeter.
8.8 Stream, Channel and Bank Study
There are indications that a major source of erosion and settlement
in the Maumee River basin is from stream channel banks including the
area immediately adjacent to the streams. To determine the contribu-
tion of sediment from the stream, channel area detailed studies will
be conducted.
One study will consist of the attempt to determine the relation of
soil properties, bank slopes, cover and channel prade. Five to ten
sites will be selected for evaluation. This study will examine the
presently stable and unstable condition for the interrelationship
of the above factors. Some mechanics tests which are to be made by
the Soil Conservation Service will provide data important to the
above mentioned evaluation. Some of the soil mechanics tests to
be conducted are: dispersion, sheer parameters, bulk density, and
Atterberp; limits. Tractive force and slope stability measurements
will also be made.
If adequate sites can be found another study will compare the
stability of channels with tree covered banks to those under grass
cover and to those where trees have recently been cut, this will
require securing sites with similar soil properties, cross section
and channel flow, and equal flow velocities for the various cover
types to be compared.
The effects of different mulchinp- materials will be evaluated by
using available sites or constructing necessary sites with bank slopes
of 2:1, 3:1, and U;l. Some of the mulching material to be studied
are stone, straw, wood chips, and commerically available spray
stabilizing materials. Each material will be evaluated for its
effectiveness in promoting prass cover while controlling erosion on
the different slopes during the establishment of the prass cover.
Each mulching material tested for each slope condition will consist
of a section of 50 ft. lonp on both sides of the channel. A check
that has no mulch will be used for comparison. This study will be
repeated in at least two locations throughout the watershed area.
If other mulchinp; materials are secured they may also be included
in the study. Different rates of seeding or different seed materials
may be combined with this mulch study.
Badly eroding sections of stream banks will be armor plated by the
use of rip-rap or other materials for the analysis of its effectiveness.
Some prade stabilizing (parade reducinrr) structures and other structural
means of erosion control in or adjacent to the channel may be available
for analysis as the land treatment measures prepress.
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The channel stability evaluations will consist of cross-sectional
measurements using standard surveying procedures. In so far as
possible each cross-sectional measurement will be replicated for a
given set of conditions so that a statistical analysis can be con-
ducted.
The streambank studies combined with an evaluation of the land
treatment measures in and adjacent to the channel will provide
information to refine the projections to the Maumee Basin and should
furnish some useful insight of the ways in which ditch bank treatment
affects erosion and sedimentation.
8.9 Modeling and Prediction
The mechanism whereby it is hoped that a prediction of sedimentation
and related chemical pollution of the Maumee River and Lake Erie
can be related to land use is a systems approach using computer
simulated models of sedimentation and related chemical pollution in
the river and the lake.
A review of literature reveals six different a2T.roaches to the pre-
diction of sediment yield from watersheds. Each of these approaches
is being applied to the Black Creek Watershed, Fundamentally, all
of these models are of the lumped variety and no accounting is made
of special distributions within a watershed. The success of these
models has been varied and depends to a great deal on the care
with which model coefficients have been selected. Most of these
have little relationship to physical constants. For this reason
the attempt will be to develop a distributed model.
As the size of a watershed increases, more and more of the variables
will be lumped into larger, less descriptive variable. This is
necessary because the model, even if computer-based, tends to become
unwiedly. Perhaps more important, the detail, if confined to small
areas will be essentially lost anyway. This is why it is important
to model both the Black Creek Watershed, a representative watershed
within the Maumee Basin, and the Maumee Basin for which answers are
ultimately needed.
As of now, tiie statistically based Universal Soil Loss Equation is
the best estimator of soil loss from small areas and should also
be the best estimator of the maximum sediment potential into receiv-
ing streams and lakes. Other obviously needed information are esti-
mates of sediment discharges at any point in the receiving water system.
Hopefully, the long term USGS and Corps of Engineers records at
various locations along the Maumee River and at the Toledo harbor will
be sufficient data for the Maumee River Basin. If not, verification
of the model cannot be fully attained since the collection of
additional sediment rate data outside of the Black Creek Watershed
region is not within the scope of this project. However, within
the Black Creek Watershed and at a few select locations on the Maumee
River near the target watershed, sediment sampling is a major item
in the total monitoring program. Verification of any modeling on
the Black Creek Watershed will be of necessity await the monitoring
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results. Land use within the watershed is intense and fairly homo-
geneous. This could work to the advantage of the project if improved
land use practices were developed in an orderly progression from one
sub-watershed to another1. However, changes in land use practices
will have to be naior and extensive if the effect of these practices
are to show up significantly in both the monitoring, program, and the
modeling.
8.10 Data J-'anagement
After water sample analyses have been conpleted, data is organized
on a master data sheet and computer cards are keypunched from it.
A code number at the beriming of each data card indicates the type
of sample and the geographical site of collection. The cards will
be arranged in chronolopical order for each site for each type of
data format. Thus a reliable and permanent backup library will
be available should something happen to the tape file. Periodically,
the cards will be reread to update or correct the rape.
Both the stage recorder and recording rain gage data are recorded on
paper charts that shew depth versus time. The charts are returned
to the Agricultural Engineering Department at Purdue where they are
read using a computer-connected reading table. The time, depth, and
date for each point read are then printed out by computer. This
process greatly reduces the time required to analyze the large number
of charts that are being used in this project. A master data sheet
is then prepared and cards are keypunched using one date per card.
The cataloging process is identical with the process used on the
water sample data as described above.
As previously stated, the card deck will be read into the computer
and recorded on magnetic tape. Considering the large quantity of
data to be collected and handled during this project, the magnetic
tape method is mandatory. Once the data is on tape, it may be
retrieved in several different fashions. A complete printout of
all of the data from one category ^ay be obtained by specifying the
category code only. A printout for a specific site within a category
may be obtained by snecifying both the category code and site
identifier. Particular points mav be selected by specifying the
particular card number(s) for the date(s) in question. These methods
will also be used to transfer certain data into other computer systems,
such as EPA's Storet system.
At present, plans are to use Purdue's School o^ Arrriculture >1RACLE
computer system for data storage and analysis. The main reasons for
this choice is the proximity of the computer facility to all of the
cooperatinr departments and the ease of access. Since remote terminals
are available in several locations. However, should the size of the
data library exceed the capacity of the MIRACLE system, the University's
large CDC 6500 computer system could be used to handle the large
quantities of data with very little modification to the storage and
retrieval program.
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8.11 Sociological Studies
The primary focus of the first sociological study to be undertaken
as a portion of this project is to look at the behavioral components
of sediment control in the basin. To accomplish this task, personal
interviews will be conducted with all landowners (over 10 acres) in
the watershed.
The basic objectives of these interviews are:
(a) To determine attitudes and knowledge toward pollution and
pollution control.
(b) To determine knowledge of the Black Creek Project and extent
of participation.
(c) To assess the past, present and anticipated future involvement
in select agricultural practices.
(d) To determine the sources of information on pollution control
and agricultural practices.
(e) To investigate landovTner involvement and contact with groups,
organizations, and agencies in the study area.
(f) To develop a data base for future studies during the duration
of the project to serve as a bench mark for monitoring change.
To accomplish these objectives, a research instrument of the form of a
questionnaire is being developed for collecting data from landowners.
A brief description of each section of the questionnaire is included
here for additional information. The questionnaire is being
pretested and modifications will probably be necessary before it is
applied to the watershed.
Part I contains 23 questions designed to Treasure p-eneral knowledge c id
attitudes toward pollution control. Questions are designed to look
at standards and regulations of agencies and the landowners perception
of how thev are beinp enforced. Each landowner is also asked how much
he would be willinr to pay in a hypothetical situation for a high rate
of pollution control.
Fart II shifts its emphasis from the general to attitudes specifically
about the local community and county, Representative questions are
designed to analyze participation and cohesiveness of community
residents in solving problems and what should be done if farms, re-
sidences, or businesses are identified as major polluters.
Part III studies attitudes toward water and soil resource development.
Here the questions are desimed to get at sources of pollution and
an assessment of the adequacy of soil and water conservation management
in the countv.
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Part IV berrins to look at specific behavior. One kind of behavior
is household waste disposal as a possible source of pollution.
Specif icallv, the question here focus on sewape disposal by
asking about septic tank capacity, distance located frorr water source,
how often it is punned out, plus overall perceived adequacy of
seware disposal for the basin.
Part V specifically looks at what the landowner is doinp in reference
to his land possession and use. That is, nuirber of acres, kinds of
crops, yield per acres, etc. The landowner is also asked i.f he has
a conservation plan, and to what extent it has been folia-red.
In addition, a list of ^arr problers and questions is proposed and the;
landowner is asked to whori he would PO for helD in each situation.
Part VI is concerned with the landowner's present knowledge and in-
volvement in the Black Creek project. Is he familiar with it, what
agencies and rrroups are involved, what is his overall reaction ro the
project, what benefits does he think will acure to hin, the corr.unity
and the county.
Part VJI as! s the landowner to indicate his contact duririr the past
year with local agencies and his nenbershin in organizations .
Part VIII looks at 16 different land practices that are considered
to be effective irethods of pollution control, fach practice is pre-
sented to the landowners and each is asked to respond to his current,
past .and likely future involvenent with that practice on his land.
Part IX is designed to provide de^on^aphic information on the land-
owners for analvsis of involverent with project practices across
socio-econoric characteristics .
An additional section i.s under development v»hich will allow the land-
owner to classifv his land with respect to oa/epories c^ soils data
and land capability so that appropriate conservation practices can
be related to the characteristic^ o^ thf lar.r:.
rindinrs frori the ^irst studv will -irovicy "j..d^nce por additional
sociological studios thTvarhout the pro'
-------
FIGURE 8-1 Analysis Flow Charts for Sub-Surface Drainage and
Precipitation Samples
TILE DRAINAGE WATER
I SOLIDS
Weight
-t WATER
NH4 + - N
N03 - - N
P04 -3 - P
Org C
Total N
Total P
PRECIPITATION
SOLIDSI-
Weipht
WATER
' _ i 1 TU-I
+ - N
N03 - - N
Total N
P04 -3 - P
S04 -2 -S
pH
-------
8-2 Flow Chart for Painulator Samples
PAIMIJLATOR RUNOFF SA?'TPUS
JGentri filiation
i WATER PHASE !
Total N la1^ •» -N
Total F N03 - -il
Orr C Total II
Total Weittht P04 -3 -P
Orp C
Total I!
Total P
-------
FiniJRE 8-3 Fractionation Scheme for N and P in Detailed
Laboratory Studies
FILTEF.
RUNOFF SAMPLE
EFINED
THROU1I
ILLIPOPE
j
FILTRATE!
ON SEPARATE
ALIQUOTS DETER ONE
Total N
NHU + -N
N03 - .11
Total P
Orthophosphate -P
Soluble Ore C
Dissolved Solids
SEDirtEMTJ
OVEN DRY
OBTAIN PERCENT
SUSPENDED SOLIDS
UNFILTERED SAMPLE |
ON SEPARATE
ALIQUOTS DETER! ffNE
Total N
NH^ + -N
Total P
Acid-Soluble P
• Total Or? C
From, these data the following parameters ray be obtained:
1.
2.
3-
4«
5.
6«
7«
8«
12.
13.
Soluble NR + -N
Exchangeable NHn + -N on sediment
Dissolved Organic N
Sediirent Total N (suspended N)
Soluble NOj -N
Soluble ortllophosphate -P
Soluble organic P
Sediment Total P (suspended P)
Dilute acid-soluble P in sediment
Dissolved organic C
Suspended organic C
pE
Suspended Solids
Dissolved Solids
-------
COOPERATIVE AOPEEMFJTT
het ween t'ie
ALIEN COUNTY SOIL AND WATER OON3ERVATTOK DISTRICT
and the
ROIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AG
Relative to: Reduction of Sediment and Belated Pollutants? in the,
Maumee Piver and Lake Erie
Autnoj-ity: PL-U6 - 7Uh Congress, 16 U.S.r:. (590 a-f)
THIS AGREEMENT, made and entered into this ?','-: C!HJ of ___"__£r_
197_2_, by and between the AlleK County Soil and Water C-K-servaUon District,
(hereinafter referred to as the "District") and the Unite.! States of America,
acting by an<3 through the Soil Conservation F?er"ice of the United Plate-1-.
Department of Agriculture (hereinafter referred to as the "Service").
THE DISTRICT i* engaged in a five-year program to evaluate method? of
improving water quality in the Maumee River and Luke Erie through the reduction
of sediment, phosphate and other nutrients, *nd related pollutants entering
the waters of the river and Take as a result of 8o.il erosion.
THE DISTRICT proposes to demonstrate the means of achieving significant
reductions in sediment and related pollutants through a voluntary land
treatment program involving a diverse group of persons who own or control
the land which is a source of this pollution.
THE DISTRICT, for planning and program purposes, requests certain soil
and water conservation technical assistance and information that is presently
unavailable and, within the limits of Its resources, is willing to reimburse
the Service for a portion of the costs of obtaining such information required
in the conduct of the program within the period specified in this agreement.
The District is financing this program from an EPA Grant and is working in
cooperation with EPA, the Service and Purdue University.
THE SERVICE, in the conduct of its assigned responsibilities under
legislative authorities and through Memoranda of Understanding with the
District, is charged with providing technical assistance leading to the
conservation of soil, water and related resources in Allen County, Indiana.
THE SERVICE has need for technical irformation to develop a Work Plan
and to properly furnish technical assistance over the five-year project life.
These n«eds are in addition to those normally encountered in providing technical
services to the District and require additional staff resources.
THE DISTRICT AND THE SERVICE desire to cooperate on a proposal to reduce
Sediment and Related Pollutants in the Maumee River and Lake Erie.
-------
IT 13 7JTE intent of the parties hereto, that cooperation herein shall ln>
Tor L'ncix' n'rjt.uel benefit nr,.d the benefit of the people of Allen County, Ftnle
u'* Indiana » find the United P-fcater- ; and,
TJ1T VOPK PLATJ r»t, ^lop-nejit, 3 ami treatment measures, &r.d types of
incentives ho be ac^o»nplish.ed and conducted under this agreement will, be
coopers tivfj; planned and carried out;
NOW, THLEFFfiTTF, for and in consideration of the promises and mxrtwal
covenants herein conteir.eO, the parties hereby nutual3y sgree with each
other as foljc-v,-::
>.
Tl at all information obtained under the terms of this agreement
Is public property and is to be vised in developing and imple-
;\«ntiag a Work Plan for the Reduction of Sediment and Related
Pollutants in the Maumee River and Lake Erie.
To reimburse the Service for a portion of t'ne costs incurred ii:
Developing and implerienting this Work Plan, to include: tec> r.ical
F-ervices c>f Serv5.ee personnel - inclxided herein are the costs oP
salaries, travel, allied benefits such as leave, holidays,
retirernent, health benefits, 3ife insurance, and support arid
overhead, costs. Support costs pre to include cartographic
services provided as needed in Work Plan preparation.
Reimburse the Service in an estimated amount of $l85,3t>U.OO for
the District's share of the Service's contribution in this
cooperative effort. Tnti District's share will be b«sed on the
estimated actual cost of A. 2. and within the five-year schedule
shown in the following table and as set forth ir.. the District's
Proposed Plan which i* attached to and made a part of t/ds
agreement .
-------
FROM Oct '72 May '73 Oct '73 Oct 'Ik Get '75 Oct '76 TOTAL
TO May '73 Oot '73 Oct '71* Oct '75 Oct '76 Oct '77
Professional
Soil Consvst
GS-9 or Above
Man-Years 1.0 0.5 1.5 2.2 1.0 0.5
Est. Cost $20,000 $10,500 $33,075 $28,350 $2*+, 800 $13,025 $129,750
Rub -Pro f es s i on al
Soil Cons Techncn
GS-6 or Above
Han-Years
Est. Cost
0.0
0
0.0
0
$
0
7
.5
,768
0
$1?
.8
,970
1
$17
.0
,0,13
i
$17
.0
,863 £ 55,614
Total Estimate $20,000 $10,500 $40,8143 $Ul,320 $Ul,8l3 $30,888 $185,361*
4. That the signature of the authorized representative of the
District on this agreement is official notice for the Service
to begin work.
5. To provide the Service with 50 copies of the Work Plan and
50 copies of all printed final results of the program.
6. That technical assistance furnished to landowners and operators
will meet the technical guide standards and design criteria of
the Service.
B. THE SERVICE AGREES:
1. To provide the necessary technical services and on-site technical
assistance normally needed to produce the results desired as set
forth in the District's project proposal which is attached to
and made a part of this agreement.
2. To absorb from its own appropriations any portion of the
estimated costs of providing these services not covered by
the amounts to be reimbursed the Service as agreed to above.
-------
3. To provide the District with a monthly progress narrative or.
the statue of the program.
14. That technical assistance furnished to landowners and. operators
will meet the technical guide standard* end design criteria of
the Service,
IT IS MUTUALLY AGHRFP:
3. That the Work Plan will be consistent with applicable ~u?.ier
quality standardF established for the Basin pursuant to current
law and will recommend means for standards maintenance and
\ improvement .
£. That the Work Plan will identify the watershed ar**a, r>on I taring
sites, and management techniques that will "be used. to lsrplen>>nf
the plan.
3. That the Work Plan will include ? del'.yJle;d sociological stu"1;1
that will eiia to assess the attitudes of individual landowners,
the factors that appear *o have convinced per'-.on.s to part 5 cipate
la an implementation prcGT-an arul (he f fi'*4 orr ».hirh "in/ VKV^
precluded the participi'licu of ov>erR. H",e P-irdtie T'nivtrsit-y
team will have the princlpyj Inpitt r<~-r I he r>c-"J 'x.cj? r-wl '.•.»•-..:-? l
of the Work Plan.
Copipletion Pat<> - All woi->
or Hbaut Octobe
this agreement.
on or Hbaut October 1°7T, .aJe-_- rsu! .>.H.I ]y t-x->;:id-- I
5. Method of Payment - Tae Gerv-'f-:: wl ": 3. bij' -vie r.i--:':rict at -,hf:
tiKefc. er'd ir. the ''i^mi^r set forth a5' ^i"! "'i,):;-. ',\ uirt*-* ''"';,
6, Tij '.rtt;.1. io Cooperate - Tt i .-; Use 'rJ...-r-. u" i."i«= :'"e -.:..- 'c f> '
i i.s ! U:t-r;;.s
cypnf.'-. be fiade beyc'nd the ^.''i-:r;l f.jr «.'!i"i->i ""u';'l:~ ; -^ j.j not:;
Hppr>.priaf,e;Ji by Congref-.v , In tvmt f'i'i'.ds T-c-i-n whricii f-'^e :'crv'
!"».y fulfill its oblig.'itLon.? w.-e nol ".pp"1 p •-!'•. ^.1, i" - >-IPY« ^mer
will eutnmati CHli\- Lerciina^e. Re' c.\.ur*:i..!ie>r. »J11 !."i«r. ":.-• "••••
work completed that is ot'n«rv!se ^ I '< gl b le :'-i»* r- 'rl.1 !fS'->. .ei1 i.
prior 1o Uie effeo'i-jve f~-nte •.)," l.p^sui'.at' <-i, . Tt i;. •"" -rll.er
xiiiders^too'l '.hat T/isi.ri^l f iutj-ci «j£" MXIUC-T f'if n;;ret; oy-t I.-;
contingent upon F?" riU'iiiug of the ^r?uji O^JT- -:.i,(.. f-; ;re_yfc..Jr
1 i "e "f ti: e project pn
-------
Renewals - This agreement will remain Jn force until June 30,
1973- It nay he affirmatively renewed each f.tscul year by the
parties by amendment until the purposes oT the agreement are
complete "but not later than the end of th<> fiscal year in which
the work is ooraplel.ed.
Modification - 'Phis agreement may be modified by amendment duly
executed by wiithori wd officials of the District «vl the Service,
provided sue/i modification does pot exteri
,x. fi^. y/''T r
TITLE
Tne signing of this Agreement was
authorized at a Meeting of
Hupervisors held at
TndJ ana, on the
BY
^ d.sy of J
UNITED STATES DEPARTKEi?T OF. AGJIXCUT.TURF:
t.eONSEEVATION SE
/s
'State ConservationTs^-
DATE November 10, 1972
-------
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
between
ALLEN COUNTY SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT
and
PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION
This agreement is entered into this 7th day of January
197$, effective October 20, 1972, between ALLEN COUNTY SOIL AND
WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT of Fort Wayne, Indiana, (hereinafter
referred to as The District), and PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION of
Lafayette, Indiana, (hereinafter referred to as the Foundation).
WITNESSED THAT
WHEREAS, The District has been designated by the terms of Environ-
mental Protection Agency Grant No. G-005103, to conduct a research
program entitled "Reduction of Sediment and Related Pollutants in
the Maumee River and Lake Erie", and
WHEREAS, The District desires to have the Foundation perform
certain work or services under the terms and conditions herein
set forth, said work or services being within the scope of the
foresaid grant, and
WHEREAS, the Foundation has the necessary personnel and facilities
to perform the work or services for The District.
NOW THEREFORE, it is agreed as follows:
1. The period of this agreement shall be October 20, ,1972, through
April 19, 1973.
-------
-2-
2. The work services to be performed by the Foundation under
direction of Dr. Holland Z. Wheaton shall be as follows:
a. Assist in evaluation of the sediment-erosion problems
the Maumee Basins.
b. Assist -in the selection of"a target watershed in Aller
County for application of land treatments.
c. Select sites for monitoring the effects of land treatr
on erosion and sedimentation.
d. Review basic social and economic characteristics of r«
dents in the target watershed and Allen County. Deve."
plans and guide lines for interviews of residents con-
cerning their views towards sediment reduction pracfi(
3. The total cost of the services to be performed by the Foui
shall not exceed $24,650 of which The District shall prov:
$11,044 or 44.8% of the total project cost and the Found.
agrees to contribute from non-Federal sources $13,606 or
55.2% of the total project cost; whichever is less, to mee
the cost sharing requirements of said grant.
4. Reimbursement of cost incurred under the terms of this ag
ment will be made quarterly by The District upon receipt
vouchers from the Foundation. The vouchers should includ
itemization of cost incurred by major budget category and
amount of non-Federal monies contributed to this work or
vices by the Foundation. Copies of vouchers should be fo
warded to James E. Lake, Executive Park Suite 103, 2010
Inwood Drive, Fort Wayne, Indiana 46805.
5. The agreement shall be administered in accordance with th
Interim Regulations of the Environmental Protection Agenc
for Grant Programs dated November 17, 1971, and subsequer
revisions or supplements in effect as in the date of this
agreement.
-------
The following reports will be required:
a. Informal monthly progress reports.
A, By Executive Order 11627, dated October 15, 1971, the
President stabilized prices, rents, wages and salaries.
The Foundation represents that to the best of its know-
ledge and belief, it is in complete compliance with
Executive Order 11627. Further, the Foundation warrants
that the amounts invoiced under this agreement shall not
exceed the lower of (1) the agreement price, or (2) max-
imum levels established in accordance with the order.
B. The Foundation agrees to insert the substance of this
clause including this paragraph B in all subcontracts
for supplies and services issued under this agreement.
Date:
PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION
Y __^Gr
•j. F. N. Sncrew-
Vice-Pr*. s L i'-r.c and General Manager
Date:
ALLEN COUMTY SOIL AND VvATER
CONSERVATION DISTRICT
By ^. :,.._ ,^;__
-------
ORVAL E. GIBSON
CHIEF DEPUTY
William L Sweet, P.E., L.S.
ALLEN COUNTY SURVEYOR
ONE MAIN STREET, 6TH FLOOR
FORT WAYNE, INDIANA 468O2
PHONE (219)423.7625
May 3, 1973
Allen County Soil 5 Water Conservation
District
Executive Park- Suite 103
2010 Inwood Drive
Fort Wayne, Indiana 46805
Attn: James Lake
Re:
Dear Jim:
Approval by the Allen County Drainage Board
of yourr sediment study project as it relates
to Legal drains.
Your letter received here April 4th has been discussed with the
Allen County Drainage Board and I am happy to advise you that the
Board has reaffirmed its authorization to the Allen County Surveyor
in this matter.
The Board originally authorized the Surveyor to proceed at its
March 21st, 1973 meeting as indicated by Board Resolution # 73-51,
however at that meeting the Board requested that you furnish
additional information. Your April 4th submission meets the needs
of the Board as expressed in the Resolution and I enclose a copy
of the Resolution in its complete form.
The Board values the initiative that your group has shown in start-
ing this project, and if you feel we can at any time render you
further assistance, please let us know.
Very truly you^s,
~) /
WLS/hmf
' -/' /
/ . /1 1 // i
i.i'--j Ai ^L
William L. Sweet, P.E.,L.S,
Allen County Surveyor
-------
'.VHEREAS the Allen County Drainage Board at its Marcn 21st, 1973
meeting has heard a presentation by James Lake, Project
Manager of the Mau/nee Sediment Project for which the
Allen County Soil f, Water Conservation District is
sponsoring agency; and
WIEREAS said Drainage Board recognizes the value of this Project
to the community, to the Maumee watershed, to Lake Erie,
and more particularly recognizes its direct value to
landowners in Allen County and primarily within the xvatei
shed of Black Creek (a legal drain in Allen County):
VOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Allen County Drainage Board
joins with the Allen County Surveyor in authorizing all
reasonable use of the right of entry defined in the
Indiana Drainage Code of 1965 as amended to the persons
engaged in performing x\athin and under the aforesaid Proj
Provided only that the Project management furnish to the
Drainage Bcc-rd in writing a brief description of said
Project together with a listing of the major Legal Drains
involved with said description and listing to be appended
to this resolution and become a part hereof: and
'
-------
.CCOUNT
NO.
DATE 12/28/73
TITLE'
_S_Q.t_U & W.A.T J=. R_ C.J3 ._»._$_E_.ft V .A .T_ t_Q _NL
PROJECT OVERVIEW
*** DISTRICT ***
00-101 SALARY AND MAGES
APPROPIU ATEO
PAYMENTS
FIRST
YEAR
SECUNO
YEAR
THIRD
YEAR
2,150.00
516.50
UNENCUMBERED
2,100.00.
2,100.00
2,200.00
2,200.00
PAGE
FOURTH
YEAR
2»:voo.oc
2,300.00
FIFTH
Y6AR
Z,V?O.QC
00-102
BENEFITS
Al'PRQPR
PAYMENTS
CUMf-ilTHENTS
M3..5JI.
_-_V8.Q..jO
oo - i.? 1__ torjs.UL T_Af4_r_sjRv i c es
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS.
COMMITMtNTS
00-10
-------
MCOUNT
NO.
OATti 12X2fl/»7l
"TITLE
_S.O. 1 L_._^.._.H A T E R ...C 0 M S E R V. A T ! 0 N
PROJECT OVERVIEW
FIRST
PAGE
Sf.CONO
YtAR
THtftO
Yf;AR
FOURTH
YF.AR
00-l.->6 . JKAVEI
APPROPRIATED 455.00
PAYMENTS _.._ 410. OQ__
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED 45.00
JQ-1P7 PUBLICATION COSTS
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
CU^MI TMfc.NTS
uNENCUhBEREa
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
225.03
197.08
_
27.92
50.00
50.00
100.00
100.00
200.00
200.CO
100.
100.^0
ICO. CO
100.00
iCC.OO
100.00
OTHER-- oov.
ff iJ!
-------
S..OJ..L_..C._..H 4 T C_R._.. C C N_S_E R Y AT. 1 O.N
ACCOUNT
:o,-2oi
2CO-2C2
200-203
200-204
200-205
DATE 12/28/73
TITLE
*** puftsue ***
SALARIES
APPROPRIATFD
PAYflfcNTS
. . COMMITMENTS..
UNENCUMBERED
FRINGE BENEFITS
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
EQUIPMENT
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
SUPPLIES AND EXPENSES
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
TRAVEL AND PER DIEM
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UMENf.U-'.BERED
P R 0 J
FIRST
YEAR
45,395.00
4,485.81
40,909.19
1,249.00
462.39
. 786.61
18,175.00
18,175.00
3,700.00
43.48
3,656.52
12,000.00
1,400.36
10,599.64
ECT OVERVIEW PAGE 3
SfcCONO THIRD FOURTH FIFTH
YEA* YEAR YEAR YEAR
31, 297.rO 84,137.00 37,145.00 87,177.00
81.297.00 34,167.00 87,145.00 67, 17?. 00
1,801.00 ' 1,366.00 3,632.00 3,7?S.,00
1,801.00 1,666.00 3,632.00 ^,725.00
* *
9,000.00
9,000.00
4,200.00 4,200.00 4,200.00 4,200.00
4,200.00 4,200.00 4,200.00 4, 20?. 00
14,700.00 • 14,700.00 15,000.00 12,100.00
14,703.00 14,700.00 15,000.00 12,100.00 ' }
-------
DATE 12/23/73
SJ3 I L—.
-------
ACCOUNT
NO.
„ _
300-301
300-302
DATc 12/28/73
_
TITLE
*** SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
PROFESSIONAL SALARY t BENIFITS
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
.COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
SUa-PKOFESSIONAL SALARY G BEN
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
P R 0 J
FIRST
YEAR
33,200.00
21,514.02
11,685.98
9,500.00
5,852.45
3,647.55 _
ECT OVERVIEW
SECOND ' THIRD
YEAR YEAR
29,075.00 36.650.00
29,075.00 36,650.00
15,536.00 • 18.641.00
•* *
15,536.00 13.641.00
PACE 5
FOURTH FIFTH
YEAR YEAR
-•
16,500.00 13, 025. CO
16,500.00 13,025.00
* - —
21,437.00
21,437.00 :
.3CGr305__CARTOGRAPHIC COST
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
360-306 SOIL MECHANICS TESTING COST
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS__
UNENCUMBERED
1,500.00
914.5J___
535.47
2,300.00
2,300.00
3CO-307 OTHERS
APPROPRIATED
'PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
-------
ACCOUNI
NO.
YEAK
00-407 FIELD BORDER
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
1,093.00
1,092.00
1,456.00
1,456.00
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMi»iITMeNTS_
UNENCUMBERED
2,875.03
2t875.00
_3,7?0.r>3
5,323.50
19,985.55
__ 441.00
19,544.55
1,352.00
1,352.00
21,247.85
l 247^85"
,00-408 FIELD WINDBREAK
.APPROPRIATED _
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
ONFNCUMBERFD
104,00 138.45
138.45
80.00
24.00_
.147.55.
147.55
-00-4Q9_ GRADi STABILIZATION STi^JCIUflES
APPROPRIATED 10,850.00
PAYMENTS _ 9,405.45.
COMMITMENTS 1,006.50
UNENCU;13fftEO 438.05
00-410 GRASSED WATERWAY OR OUTLET
APPROPRIATED7,li2.50
PAYMEUIS 5,512.44
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED 1,620.06
28,600.00
1,633.00
26,962.00
5,265.00
1,510.56
3,754.44
38,025.00
38,025.00
~ "2,520.00
2,520.00
42,125.00
256.00
41,869.00
4,972.50
1C8.00
4,864.50
-------
DATE 12/23/73
ACCOUNT TITLE
NO.
*** INCENTIVE PAYMENTS ***
400-401 CONSERVATION CROPPING SYSTEM
~ ~~ APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
40C^02~lCONTbuR~F ARM*ING
I APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBtfREO_
_ A90r.403 CR.LT I. CAL_AREA.JBL ANT I NG.
APPROPRIATED
_ PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
40C-404 CROP RESIDUE MANAGEMENT
~APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENIS
UNENCUMBERED
Q_LI (L_ W A.J E. R C.O N.S.E R_V..A.T 1 0 N _
PROJECT OVERVIEW
PAGE
FIRST
YEAR
SECOND
YEAR
THIRD
YEAR
FOURTH
YEAR
FIFTH
YEAR
65.00
85.00
2f260.00
960.00
520.00
780.00
85.00
85.00
1,928.55
1,468.95
_2_66_.5_0__
520.00
520.00
1,946.75
18?,OQ_
It757.75
2,570.75
2,148.25
2,570.75
16.00
338.90
1,040.00
1,040.00
2,596.75
189.00_
2,407.75
2,148.25
278.30
__278.30...
780.00
780.00
500.00
500.00
16.03
2,174.90
189.OQ_
1,985.90
500.00
_18?._QQ_
311.00
400-405 DIVERSIONS
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
_ UNFNCUM8ERED_
1,740.00
105.00
_21,12 50.00.
_4,.387.5Q.
J»*?5I.50_
_4,_387.50
-------
,0_N S.E. R.V.A. T I Q .N _
DATE 12/28/73
ACCOUNT TITLE
NO . ' .
SOIL CONSERVATION SRVQ TOTAL$_
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
P R 0 J
FIRST •
YEAR
46,500.00
28,281.00
13,219.00
ECT OVERVIEW
SECONU
YfcAR
44,611.00
44,611.00
TH1RO
YEAR
55,291.00
55,291.00
PAGE
FOURTH
YEAR
37,937.00
37,937.00
6
FIFTH
YFAR
13,025.00
13,035.00
-------
.5.0.t t __& W A._T..f_R,_._C O.N S .E. R_V A.T.I Q M.._
DATE 12/28/73
ACCOUNT TITLE
NO.
400-41), HOLDING PONOS ^ TANKS
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
400-412 LAND SMOOTHING
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
400-413 . LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
400-414 LIVESTOCK WATERING FACILITY
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
400-415 MINIMUM TILLAGE
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
P R 0 J
FIRST
YEAR
3,640.00
3,640.00
3.235.00
2,444.80
790.20
760.00
420,00'
340.00
67.50
67.50
ECT OVERVI
SECOND
YEAR
7,280.00
7,230.00
3,900.00
3,900.00
8,279.05
128.00
8,151.05
650.00
210.00
440.00
8,622.90
1.019.20
7,603.70
£ H
THIRD
YEAR
14,560.00
2,800.00
11,760.00
,
5,216.25
5,216.25
9,081.85
384.00
8,697.85
670.00
670.00
11,501.10
1.C19.20
10,481.90
PAGE 9
FOURTH FIFTH
YEAR YEAR
14,560.00
14,560.00
5,508.75
5,5CC.75
11,449.10
11,449.10
1,560.00
1,560.00
7,980.10 1,200.00
1.019.20 1,019.20
6,960.90 180.80
T
1 '
-------
DATE 12/28/73
ACCOUNT TITLE
MO.
CC-416 . .PASTURE C HAYUAND MANAGEMENT
APPROPRIATED .•
. _ . . . PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
?C-<»17 PASTURE £ HAYLANQ PLANTING
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNfcNCUMuERED
oo-'a a POND
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
DC-4J9 PROTECTION DURING DEV^LOPVENI
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
00-420 RECREATION AREA IMPROVEMENT
• APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
P R 0 J E
FIRST
YEAR
234.00
234.00
2,275.00
2,275.00
4,250.00
2,814.48
1,435.52
195.00
195.00
500.00
174.29
200.00
125.71
CT OVERVIE
SECOND
YEAR
1,017.90
362.70
655.20
5,642.00
930.00
4, 662. 00
12,000 .00
1,566.84
10,433 .16
1,820.00
1,820.00
890.00
700.00
190.30
W
THIRD
YEAR
1,673.10
265.50
1,407.60
7,507.50
7,507.50
22,750.00
22,750.00
2,730.00
2,730.00
520.00
520.00
PAGE 10
FOURTH FIFTH
YEAR YEAR
1,778.40
1,778.40
7,371.00
7,371.00
24,375.00
24,375.00
2,925.00
2,925.00
650.00
650.00
-------
APPROPRIATED 19f500.00
PAYMENTS 1.101.03
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED 18.398.97
^00-422 CONSERVATION FIELD TRIALS
APPROPRIATED . 275.00
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED 275.00
'tOC-423 STREAM CHANNEL STABILIZATION 2
APPROPRIATED 4,000.00
PAYMENTS 2,758.40
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED 1,241.60
iOO-424 STREAttBANK PROTECTION
APPROPRIATED 13,000.00
PAYMENTS 3,972.50
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED 9,027.50
.00-425 STRIPCROPPING
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
.
.
675.00 675.00 675.00 675.00
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
575.00 "* ' 575.00 575.00 575.00
3,800.00 7,800.00 7,800.00
3,800.00 7,800.00 7,800.00
42,282.50 56,374.50 46,943.00
42,282.50 56,374.50 46,943.00
260.00 341.25 373.75
260.00 341.25 373.75
-------
.ACCOUNT
NO.
DATE 12/28/73
TITLE
_-&.__H A.T-EA_.C..O.N.S_E. R.V.A..T.
PROJECT OVERVIEW
FIRST
YEAR
SECOND
YEAR
PAGE 12
THIRD
YEAR
FOURTH
YEAR
FIFTH
YEAR
.DRAINS
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UMENCUMSLRFO
400-427 TERRACES, GRADIENT
780.00
6,273.15
8,364.20
8,112.65
780.00
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COf-.Ml TMEN1 S
UNENCUMBERED
175.00
6,098.15
476.45
476.45
6,364.20
635770"
635.70
675.35
~675.35~
400-428 TERRACES, PARALLEL
APPROPRIATED^
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
I_t430_.00 ,
.1*5.06,45 2»026.05
l,430..0A ' 1,906.45 2*026.05
400-429 T1L.E J3R_AIN5
APPROPRIATED
.PAYMENTS _
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
400-430 TREE PLANTING
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS^,.
UNENCUMBERED
18,181.00
51 8. 00
1,772.23
13,004.75
504700
12,500.75
156.00
15,094.70
15,094.70
208.00
5,410.00
"e4.co
5,326.00
156.00
156.00
i !
-------
ACCOUNT
NO.
DATE 12/28/73
TITLE
PROJECT OVERV
FIRST SECOND
YE.AR YEAR
I E W
THIRD
YEAR
PAGE 13
FOURTH FIFTH
YEAR YEAR
400-431 WILDLIFE HABITAT MANAGEMENT
4-00-432
•»" •
400-433
400-434
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
WOODLAND IMPROVED HARVESTING
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COVMITMFNT.S .
UNENCUMBERED
WOODLAND IMPROVEMENT
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
C01MITHENTS
UNENCUMBERED
WOODLAND PRUNING
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
INCENTIVE PAYMENTS TOTALS
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
2,684.50
97.50.
2,587.03
195.00 390.00
224, ?5
195.00 165.75
260.00 1.859.00
368 .00
260.00 1.491.00
45.00
45.00
96*480.00 174,525.00
43,009.36
6,429.30 14,103.15
47.041.34 160.421.85
3,594.50
3,594.50
721.50
721.50
' 2.821.00
2.821.00
598.50
552.00
46.50
248*420.00
5,766.70
242.653.30
3,822.00
3,822.00
t ""
643. 50
643.50
2.990.00
2.990.00
331.50
331.50
237,600.00 2.975.00
1,756.20 1,324.20
_235,843.80 1.650.80
-------
S_0._LJ. C_ H-A_JLE_A C__O.Jt_S_E_R_Y_AJLJL_Q:_N
*** TOTALS ***
999-999 RECEIPTS FROM FED. GOVERN
APPROPRIATED 95,237.24
PAYMENTS 82, 787. 14
UNENCUMBERED 12,450.10
DATE 12/28/73 PROJECT OVERVI.EW PAGE
\CCOUMT TITLE FIRST • SECOND THIRD FOURTH FIFTH
NO. YEAR YEAR YEAR . YEAR YEAR
-------
DATE 12/28/73
_S_0_t_l. C. H A_T_E R._. C_.O.N.S_E R.V.A.T..I.O N
PROJECT OVERVIEW
PAGE 15
ACCOUNT TITLE
NO.
OVERALL TOTALS
APPROPRIATED
PAYMENTS
COMMITMENTS
UNENCUMBERED
TOTAL IN-KIND SERVICES TO DATE
FIRST
YEAR
287,990.00
82,787.14
6,429.30
198,773.56
THIS PERIOD
SECOND
YEAR
413,338.00
14.103.15
399,234.85
$ 13,807.71 GRANT.
THIRD
YEAR
483,546.00
5.766.70
477,779.30
AVAILABILITY
' FOURTH
YEAR
462,268.00
1.756.20
460,511.80
& 41,423.13
FIFTH
YEAR
197,547.00
i,324.70_.
196,222.30
-
-------
T_ I. O..N_
OATS 12/23/73 OUTSTANDING C
P.O KEY NO ARTICLES C« SERVICES
400-401
400-402
,v
400-403
4 00 -<4 6 5
•
400-407
400-403
400-409 "
CONSERVATION CROPPING SYSTEM
ooo 27C'Ji5ooc7 VINCE GEISTWHITE
CCO 2700290004 JOSEPH R GRABCR
000 21J1060JU DPUCE YERKS
000 2100"600'J3 R1CHAKO YCRKS
000 2109060007 VIHGIL HIRSCH
/
TOTAL PAIU
TDfAL COMMITTED
TOTAL UMUNCUM.JGRED BALANCE
CONTOUR F ARK ING
003 21CO--6COC7 VJPGIL HIRSCH
MO 2lOC06Pro7 VMGlt HHiSCH
fUT^L T'AIO
TnfAI. CJlMrtlTTEt)
TOTAL UMtMCUMUEKcO UALANCE
CSlTiC At. AREA PLANTING
d
-------
DATE 12/28/73
_. S 0_I L S_
OUTSTANDING
W A T E R, C 0 N S E.ft.V A T. I_O.N
COMMITTMENTS LISTING
P.O
KEY NO ARTICLES OR SERVICES
P.O. OATE
1ST YEAR
2ND YtAR
4TH YEAR
PAGE 2
5TH YSAR
001
001
001
002
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
2100060007 VIRGIL
2100060007 VIPGIL
2100061)007 VIRGIL
2lOOOb0307 VIRGIL
PAIO
COMMITTED
UNENCUMBERED 'iALAM
HIRSCH ' "
HIPSCH.. _
HIKSCH
HIRSCH
10/02/73
10/02/73
10/02/73
10/02/73
513.00
.._.. 256.50. ..._
750.00
256.00
9,405.45
If006.50 1,638.00 256.00
439.05* _26, 962.00*__3e»_Q2.5,qC*_ 41,369.00*.
VOO-410 G«ASSPf» ViUEP.'-lAY OR OUTLET
_ _____ OL-y -21')i-Gor.017 _ VIRGIL HlfLSCH
0:,'0 213006TC07 VIRGIL HIRSCH
000 27U029'jr>04 JOSEPH R GRA3ER
.7,132.50 5,265^00 2,520.00 4,972.50
_KJ/Q2./73_ 1 _.. 5.04.03 __.
10/02/73 IOS.00
12/05/73 1,006.5*
TOTAL PAIO
T01/L
TOTAL
3ALAJCE
5,512.44
1,510.56 103.00
______ 1,620.06* __ 3|754.44* __ 2t.52.C.CO* _4,86<;-.50*L
400-411 HOLDHIO FONOS 51 TANKS
000 770T150007 VINCE GEISTWHITE
TOTAL PAID
IiJl"L COMMITTED . ._
TOTAL UNENCIJ.M3EKEO BALAMC6
07/12/73
'3,640.00 7,280.00 14,560.00 14,550.00
'_'_ .... 2,8QO_.00 _
3,640.00*
_ _ 2, 800.00 _
7,230.00* 11,760.00* 14,560.00*
400-413 LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION _ ____
O.'J 2»051V:
-------
.SOIL.. Ci_. WATER .._C..O N S E R.V..A..T. I 0 M.
DATE 12/2S/73
-416
P.O
000
OCO
CO')
o-x
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
PAsrurt
0)2
001
000
KEY. NO _
2100060007
2 101 "1600.17
? 10 1060 007
2100060007
PAID
COMMITTED
U.NE^JCUtffJERI
0 U
_._ARTIC.LEA
VIRGIL HI
VI KG 11 HI
VI'iGIL Ht
VIRGIL HI
TSTAN01NG
OR. SERVICES
kSCH
RSCH
RSCH
RSCH
C 0 h » I T T
_. P.O.. DATE....
1C/C2/73
10/02/73
10/02/73
10/02/73
M fc N T S LI
S T
.1ST ..YEAR 2ND _YEAR__.
187,
20
1,019.20
=D BALANCE
£ £ HAYLANO HJNAGSMtNT
2 7C029CC 04
270029C-004
2?0 1290346
JOSfPi! R
JOSEPH R
MR C MRS
GRA3ER
GKA8ER
GAY MARTIN
03/03/7^
08/OJ/73
11/06/73
67,50* 7,603.
• 234.00 1,017.
362.
70*
90
70
(
I N
G
_3RO_Yl:Aft
1.
10,
1,
107.
019.
481 .
673.
175.
90.
20
20
9Q*
in
50
00
PAGE 3
4TH YEAR, STH YEA a
187.20
1*7.20
1,019.20 1,019.20
6,960,90* 180.80*
1,778.40
»oo-
„•-. TOT Al PA 10
TOlwL C'W.-UTTCii
TOTAL U.ir-JCU'-UiERCO SALAVCE
VOC--417 PASTUkP £ JiAYLANU PLANTING
000 27C-J29P004 JOScPH R GRA3ER
CC.C 27C0290D46 MR £ MRS
TO!AL PAin
TOTAL CO'-'r-ilTTEO
TOTAL UNENCU^EREO BALANCE
r>00-418 PON")
002 27C029C046 MR 6 MRS GAY MARTIN
TOTAL PAID
TOTAL COMMITTED
•VOO-
362.70
23 4 .0 C * 6 5 5 , 2 Q*__.
265.50
r.6Q* I,778.40*_
U3ER
\y MARTIN
\f MARTIN
\Y MARTIN
08/03/73
11/06/73
11/06/73
. 11/06/13
2,275
2,275
4,250
.00 5,642.00
735.00
245.00
980.00
.00* 4,662.00*
.00 i2,oo:.oc
75.no
. 1,491.84
7,507.50 7,371.00
7,507.50* 7,371.00*
22,750.00 24,375.00
2,814.40
1,566.04
400-
TOTAI.
-420 RECR£
C"«0
000
000
TOTAL
TOTAL
TUIAL
U^tr'NCOMdEREO BALANCE
ATIfj'J AREA
2 700150007
21GC060003
21"006CC07
PAID
CONMITT60
UM ENCUMBER
•422 CONSERVATION FIE
Or'0
O.oo
COO
000
TOTAL
TOTAL
TGTAi.
•426 SJ<;:~!>
21">0060C07
21r'0060r07
7irco6r-c )7
PJ0006CGC7
PAIO
€'!••••' I TTrD
U'lf ICUM1F".
C~.!:":ftl;s_,
IMPROVEMENT
V^JCE GEI
RICHARD Y
VIRGIL HI
EO BALANCE
LD TD. IAIS
VIRGIL HI
VI '"'.GIL K;
VIRGIL HI
STWHIT6
ERKS
RSCH
RSCH
RsCH
RSCH
VIRGIL hIRSCH
10 C, \L A'iCc
07/12/73
08/31/73
10/Q2/73
10/02/73
10/02/73
10/C2/7J
1C/02/73
1,435.52*
500.00
200.00
174.29
200.00
125.71*
275. CO
27:.. 00*
7SO.CO
10,433
89C
5 ' "*' '^
20..
700
190
675
100
ICO
5/5
6,27?
.16*
.00
.00
.00
.CO
.co-
.00
.00
.00
.00*
.15
22,750.
520.
520.
675.
100.
100.
575.
8, 3(>-t.
00*
00
00*
00
00
or
CO*
20
24,375.
650.
6c.O.
675.
ICO.
100.
575.
5,112,.
00* *
CO
00* *
00 675.00
00
100. CO
00 100.0C
00* 575.00
6')
-------
_ $01 t t_ W.A.T_E_.R C O.N S E .R.Y. A r.I_0 N
DATE 12/28/73 OUTSTANDING COMMITTMfNTS LISTING PAGE 4
«>.0 . JCEY.NQ. ARTICLES. WLJE.RVtCES P.O,_pA.TE 1ST YEAR. _2ND YEAR 3RO.JT6M 4THJYE.AR STHJfEAR
TOTAL PAID
400-429
VOO-431
400-432
400-433
400-434
TOTAL COMMITTED
TOTAL UNENCUMBERED BALANCE
TILE DRAINS
COO 2100060C07 VIRGIL HIRSCH
cno 2icro6nco7 VIRGIL HIRSCH
000 21C0060C07 VIRGIL HISSCH
TOTAL PAID
TOTAL CO'V-HTTEO
TOTAL u^ENCUHSEREO BALANCE
SILOLIFE HaSITAT MANAGEMENT
000 .2700150C.07 VINCF GEISTWHITE
000 2700290046 . . MR _{,„ MRS GAY_.J4ARTJ8
TOTAL PAID
TOTAL COMMITTED
TOTAL U.lci>ICUM3£REO BALANCE
WOODLAND IMPROVED HARVESTING
000 21CfJj6C003 RICHARD YERKS
000 21 000600 14 BRUCE YERKS
TOTAL PAID
TOTAL CDMJ1IT7GO
TOTAL UNENCUMBERED BALANCE
WOODLAND IMPROVEMENT
000 21030600.13 RICHARD YERKS
000 210006C014 BRUCE YERKS
TOTAL PAID
TOTAL COMMITTED
TOTAL UNENCUMBERED BALANCE
WOODLAND PRUNING
000 21C306CC03 RICHARD YERKS
000 2100060014 BRUCE YERKS
TOTAL PAID
TOTAL COMMITTED
TOTAL UNENCUMBERED BALANCE
10/02/73
10/02/73
10/02/73
07/12/73
11/06/73
08/31/73
08/31/73
08/31/73
08/31/73
08/31/73
08/31/73
175.00
730.00* 6,098.15*
8,364.20*
18,181.00 13.0C4.75 15,094.70
518.00
50*. 00
15,890.77
518.00 504.00
1,772.23* 12,500.75*
2,684.50
22.75
74,75
97.50
* 2,587.00*
195.00 390.00
195.00
29.25
224.25
1.95.00*. 165.75*
260.00 1,859.00
320.00
48.00
368. CO
260.00* 1,491.00*
45.00
* 45.00*
15,094.70*
3,594.50
3,594.50*
721.50
721.50*
2,821.00
2,821.00*
596.50
430.00
72.00
552.00
46.50*
8,112.65* *
5,410.00
84.00
84.00
5,326.00* *
3,822.00
3,322.00* *
.643.50
64*3.50* • *
2,990.00
2,990.00* *
331.50
331.50* *
-------
ACCT-NU
603-101
60'J-lUl
6CO-101
600-101
600-101
600-101
600-101
600-101
600-108
600-2G1
600-201
600-201
600-202
600-202
600-202
600-209
600-209
603-209
6DO-409
603-409
600-409
600-409
600-409
600-409
*;.*.* -*-*$*
• PO-NUU3ER
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
CHECK WRITTEN FILE UPD
PAYOR OF CLAIM
TOTAL DISTRICT SALARY 6 WAGES
TOTAL DISTRICT FRINGE BENEFITS
TOTAL DISTRICT FRINGE BENEFITS
TOTAL DISTRICT SALARY £ WAGES
TOTAL DISTRICT SALARY & WAGES
TOTAL DISTRICT FRINGE BENEFITS
TOTAL DISTRICT SALARY £ WAGES
TOTAL DISTRICT FRINGE BENEFITS
5 MRS 3 $10.05 HR
BROOKS-PURDUE SALARY & UAGF.S
PCHDUE SALARY 6 XAGES
MCCAFFERTY PURDUc SALARY '
S ROOKS-PUR DUE FRINGE BENEFITS
PURDUE FRINGE BENtrlTS
MCCAFFERTY PURDUE FRINGE BENEF
BROOKS-PURDUE INDIRECT COSTS
PURDUE INDIRECT COSTS
MCCAFFERTY PURDUE I NO COSTS
RAY MILLER
DRAINAGE ASSOC
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JEST6R CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
ATE ******** ,
CHECK-AHT
?81.30 -
45.45
42.30
368.20
363.10
39.15
3?0.00
41.40
30.25
499.53
2f6C9.12
416.93
104.49
442.13
85.95
321.46
1,677.69
263.09
80.00
40.00
537.50
745.00 ,„-
175.95 '
97.00
-------
OATE 12/28/73 1 S_Q.l_t & H .A.T..E R,
ACCT-NO
60)-409
600-409
600-410
6CO-410
600-410
600-421
600-423
600-424
600-424
600-424
6CO-429
600-429
600-429
******** C
PO-NUMBER
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
HECK WRITTEN FILE UP
PAYOR OF CLAIM
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
P.AY MILLER
RAY MILLER
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JOE GRA3ER
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JtSfER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
RAY MILLER
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
JESTER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
DATE ********
CHECK-AHT
15.80
275.00
20.00
64. CO
18.00
80.00 :
471.87
449.00
It 503. 00'
202.50
300.00
127.00 '
418.50
64.00
TRANSACTIONS AMOUNT **********23,289.39 CURRENT TRANSACTIONS AMOUNT **********37,097.10
-------
.REPORT. OE._IN-KINO HATCHING.CONTRIBUTIONS.
AND ENOIN6_^
._JLO/22/7J_
\CCOl
600
6r'0
M. J
'•0')
600
HT NO
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
108
08/31/73
03/31/73
09/15/73
09/15/73
C9/30/73
O/30/73
10/15/73
10/15/73
02/01/73
B1
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
5 HfiS
r WHOM
RENDERED
DISTRICT
DISTRICT
DISTRICT
DISTRICT
DISTRICT
DISTfi Id
DISTRICT
DISTR ICT
•i tlO.35
SALARY
FKINSE
FRINGE
SALARY
SALARY
FRINGE
SALARY
FRINGE
HR
KINO OF SERVICE AND ITEMIZATION1
6 WAGES
BENEFITS
BENEFITS
6 WAGES
a WAGES
BtNEFITS
C WAGES . '
BENtFITS
•
AMOUNT VOCHER
381
45
42
363
363
3*J
370
50
If701
.30
.4?
.30
.20
.10
.15
.00
.25
.15
004
004
004
004
004
CD4
C04
004
004
-------
JttPORfJWLJNfXlNDJWfCHINtLCONIRIBUTlONS
99/10/tt
ENDING „
>CCOUNT NO
DATE
BY_ WHOM_RE_ND,EREO
KIND_pF._$ERVICE^AND ITEMIZATJOM..
AMOUNT
VOCHER
600
6?'-'
600"
600
61'-?
600
60 'J
600
201
201.
201
202
2C2
202
209
2J9
209
04/30/73
04/30/73
07/31/73
04/30/73
04/30/73
07/31/73
04/3J/73
. 04/30/73
07/31/73
BROOKS-PURDUE SALARY £ WAGES
PUROUE SALARY t VASES
HCCAFFCKTY PURDUE SALARY
BROOK S-PUHDUE FRINGE BENEFITS
PURDUE FRINGE BENEFITS
MCCAFFEKTY PURDUE FRINGE BENEF
BK'JllXS-PiMOUe IHOI^ECT COSTS
PU.4UIJE INOI"ECT COSTS
MCCAFFtRTY PUKOUE I ND COSTS
499.53
416.93
104.49
442.1ft
85.95
321.46
1.677.69
268.09
004
004
004
004
004
004
004
004
004
6,425.44
-------
. __. . REPORT OF.JN-KIND_MArCHINS CONTRIBUTIONS.
FOR PERIOD BEGINNING
03/30/73
AND ENDING
10/29/73
ACCOUNT NO DATE
60" 409 09/14/73
600 409 09/19/73
600 409
6 or 4<) <»
6CC 409
ACO 409
t.30 4C9
600 4 09
60C 409
60) 410
600 410
601. '410
6vO 421
603 423
60 '1
600
601
603
60 ;
60°
424
424
424
429
42J
429
10/01/73
1C/C1/73
1C/CI/73
1C/H/73
10/C5/73
13/05/73
10/05/73
09/14/73
09/14/73
K,/r>/73
lG/il/73
10A 1/73
1U/01//3
10/31/73
10/T1/73
09/14/73
K/C5/73
10 /'I';/ 73
BY WHOM RENDEREO KIND OF SERVICE AND 1TEMIZATION AMOUNT
RAY MILLtR
DRAINAGE ASSOC
JESTER CONSTRUCTION
JESTEK CUNSTRUCTinN
JfcSTtfK CONSTRUCTION
JESTCR COUS WUCTIUM
J'-SIliU COriblRUCTIHN
JESTER CUNSTfUCriQ'^
JESTER CONSTRUCTION
RAY MILLER
RAY CILLER
J.'-SflP. CUNSMUC1 ION
JOE 'JK.»BER
JESIEK CONS 1RUCT ION
JCS1LR CONST^UCriUN
JESTUR CONSTRUCTION
J!:STER CON STRUCT I ON
I-'AY MILLER
JtSTEt* r.ij'JSl«UCTION
J'STIfR CON5TKUCTION
COMPANY
COMPANY
CDflPANY
COMPANY " ~ "
Cur.pANY
COMPANY
COMPANY
CDHPANY
COM!' ANY
COMPANY '*
COMPANY
COMPANY
COMPANY
COMPANY . •
BC.OO
40.00
537.50
745,00
175.95
97.00
15.80
2 75. CO
20.00
64.00
18.00
HC.OO
471.87
447.00
1.5 JO. 00
202.50
3^0.03
" 127.00
4 IP.. 50
6 4. CO
VOCMER
0'J4
OC4
004-
004
004
004
C04
004
004
004
CO*
r04
004
004
004
004
004
004
034
004
5,631.12
-------
__REPORT^OF_. IN-KIND HAT CHINS . CONTRI BUT IONS •_
_ F.QR_REIUCIO_B£GINNINGL 58/30/73 AND ENDING 10/.29/7J
\CCOUNT NO DATE BY._WHOH._RE.N_P£REP _KJNf)_gF_ SERVICED AND . ITEMIZATigN AMOUNT.
. j.3, 807. 71
-------
CONSERVATION PPACTICE SPECIFICATIONS
Practice Practice Number
Conservation Cropping System (Acres) 328
Contour Farming (Acres) 330
Critical Area Planting (Acres) 342
Mulching (Acres) 484
Crop Residue Management (Acres) 344
Diversion (Feet) 362
Farmstead £ Feedlot Windbreaks (Acres) 3PQ
Field Border (Feet) 386
Field Windbreaks (Feet) 392
Grade Stabilization Structure (Number) mo
Grassed Waterway or Outlet (Acres) U12
Holding Ponds g Tanks (Number) 425
Land Smoothing use
Livestock Exclusion (Acres) 472
Fencing 382
Livestock Watering Facility (Number) 614
Minimum Tillage 478
Pasture £ Hayland Management (Acres) 510
Pasture & Hayland Planting (Acres) 512
Pond (Number) 378
Land Protected During Development (Number & Acres) 689
Recreation Area Improvement (Acres) 562
Sediment Control Basin (Number) 350
Stream Channel Stabilization 584
Streanbank Protection (Feet) 580
Stripcropping, Contour (Acres) 585
Surface Drains (Feet) 590
Terraces, Gradient (Feet) 600
Terraces, Parallel (Feet) 604
Tile Drains (Feet) 606
Tree Planting (Acres) 612
Wildlife Wetland Habitat Management (Acres) 644
Wildlife Upland Habitat Management (Acres) 645
Woodland Improved Harvesting (Acres) 654
Woodland Improvement (Acres) 666
Woodland Pruning (Acres) 660
-------
Standards and Specifications
/•ilen Co. S/JCD
328 rr^PTATTW CPO'TTJC SYSTP' (Acres)
Derjji:'tion
""roT*in.<-r crops in combination v.dth needed cultural and r^anan-erien c measure".,
Croppin^ sisters include rotations that contain r-passes and le^ures as
"ell as rotations in vtiich the desired benefits are achieved without the
1. To met the need? cr the soil •for raintenance and ir^rovenora; •
2. To rrotect the noil against erosion and other deter ioratior..
3. ruljill the needs and dero'res or~ the land operator ^or econcriic
return .
' There A rT^l icaj"' !! (?
Or. all cropland.
1. / cro-^ rotation or cro"1 "eouence is -0-an.ned.
2. Erosion by vater and -T5nd :~ controllec' by pla inin" needed cor.se^
vation ^racti ce^ ar.d p.T^l5.cri> le cultural anc1 rano^c^.'-nt iterr..
T^e I'rive-^sal Soil I/vss ]>ual:5on (Section III-.i, SOS 7r-ehnical
^uide) s'ill be used as a <-uij->. in dete^rinir,-1- aderxiacy of control
o^ erosion caused b" v:ater. T'ie T"ind erosion cc'ual::'?n "'11 b-e
vised to des: TI v.'ind eror;icn control s*rsters.
3. '!eedr^d ''rass and/or le'*ur>ie seedinr" flre Tilanned , ." ";:?o""J5ii.r' co
""•'or? I'nrit °u:'de or Or?s'' and I/'njre neediri'~s ~rr ^:~'~r Irnd,"
(Section III-B-2, HCG Technical ruide.)
U. T"r:e ^ertf-lit*'7 nrorr,-,^ -- UBC, or ^lanrie^, to }e u^'vd, 5r; a(!ec]n-';te
^or application o*" a sound conservation r-rofrar1 c~-n thp o;-o>-atir/-
unit.
I Into: "aderuate ^ertilitv nronr'c'.rr" is one v:V'ich -, -ill supp
aver^fe crop yields, arid r<7hen used wit^'i needed conservation
practices, erosion '--.ni be controlled v.dthin tolerant soil losses.
June 1973
-------
323-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
5. Intensive row croppinp may be planned when:
a. The soils are level to nearly level and erosion is not a
problem, or on sloping land, erosion control is planned as
indicated under Item 2 of these specifications.
b. The soils have good structure, with adequate drainage for
the yield level planned.
c. Skillful management is used in applying cultural and manage-
ment items. This includes fertilization, minimum tillage
operations, use of croD residues and cover crops, timeliness
of operations, etc.
d. An occasional grass-legume seeding is inserted in the cropping
sequence, when satisfactory yield levels are not maintained.
6, Apply field drainage needs as designated in the Indiana Drainage Guide.
7. Waterways shall be installed in areas where there is concentrated flow.
8. Where irrigation is to be used, consult the Indiana Irrigation Guide.
Cost Sharing
Cost share, when planned and applied according to above specifications,
will be 80% of the average cost of $1.50 per acre.
Unit Price = $1.50 per acre
Cost share rate - S1.2Q per acre
Except: Where thoie or more years of grasses and legumes in jiotation are
needed and planned, initial establishment of the seedings will be cost
shared on the~basTs of practice 512, pasture and hayland planting.
Practice will be eligible for payment after the establishment of the
crcp in the first year of the rotation.
June 1973
-------
330-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
330 CONTOUR FARMING (Acres)
Definition
Farming sloping cultivated land in such a way that plowing, preparing
and planting, and cultivating are done on the contour. (This includes
following established grades of terraces, diversions, or contour strips.)
Purpose
To reduce soil and water losses, and aid in the maintenance of other
practices.
Where Applicable
On sloping cropland where other practices in the cropping system do not
reduce soil and water losses to the desired level.
Specifications
1. The Universal Soil Loss Equation shall be used to determine adequacy
of erosion control with contouring.
2. On terraced land or where diversions are used, the ridge will serve
as a contour guide line. On contour strip cropped land, the key
strip lines will serve as guides.
3. Guide lines shall be laid approximately on the contour. Deviation
shall not be more than 3 percent in any 100-foot length.
H. Guide lines for soils with tight subsoils shall be established on
a slight grade (0.5 to 1 percent) toward grass waterways.
5. Planting shall start on guide line and progress toward the center
(between guide lines) where short rows, if any, shall be placed.
6. Existing watercourses shall be left in sod and new waterways establ-
ished where needed.
Cost Sharing
Cost share, when planned and applied according to the above specifications,
will be 80% of the average cost of $2.00 per acre.
June 1973
-------
330-2
Unit Price = $2.00 per acre
?-faxirnum Cost Share - $3.60 per acre
Practice will be eligible foi- pa>Trx?nt aHcr the contour;^ ar<
and after the first crop is planted, on the contour.
June 1973
-------
3U2-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
/•Her. Co. S'/CD
342 CPITICAL A-TA rLtflTIMn (Acres)
Definition
Stabilizing silt-producin^ and r.everly eroded areas by establishing
vegetative cover. This includes voody plants, such as trees, shrubs
or vines, and adapted Brasses or lerurres established by seedinr or
soddinr to provide lon^-terr. rround cover. (Does not include Tree
Plant inp- mainly for the production of wood products.)
Purpose
To stabilise eroded areas, to reduce danares fror sediment and runoff
to dc*mstream areas, inprove wildlife habitat, and enhance the beauty
op the country/side.
VJhere Applicable
On hiphly credible or severly eroded areas such as denuded or pullied
areas where vegetation is difficult to establish with normal seeding
nethods,
Specifications
A . Adapted crasses and le runes seed inp
1, Seedbed preparation
a. rullied and severely eroded area ray need sroothing before
attempting to prepare seedted.
b. Lime to raise pH to level needed for species beinrr seeded.
c. Use the nininum amount of t5.11are operations to obtain
adenuate seedbed.
d. Fertilize at rate of 600 Ibs. 12-12-12 per acre or equivalent
(mininum of 72 Ibs. actual N-F-K per acre).
2.
Seedinr vn.ll generally be done ^rom '"'arch 1 to >'a^' 10 and
Aufrust 10 to September 30. ? 'inures with sericea lespedeza
and crox-.Tivetch are best sprinr seeded.
June 1973
-------
342-2
black Creek GtucS* ^re
Standards and opeciticatlori
Allen Co. S'-'C
Dorrant seedinc rvv be done between "^eceriber 10 and rebrua
28, Lij-iinr , fertilizing, needbed "reparation and rule'"! in r
r.-,r.w ]-o dene ahead cf tine of dormant seedinr, '-'itr. the see
) •oinr- broadcast or. ton of tho r^ulcli. See sr>eclflcation
L'?e 3neci.es adapted to site conditions. Some
CRITICAL T\*r.r- SEEDIN^ MIXTURES
Species
1. Gnooth I>ror>enra53
plus :
P.edtop or
^erennial Pyerrrass
x2. Tall Fen cue
Cro^.'nvetcli
3. Tall Fencue
Sericea Lespedcza
yA. Tall Toscun
5. Reed Canaryqrass
Ladino Clover
x6. Ky. Bluecrrarss
plus :
Red top or
Perennial Ryearass
Peedinn Pate
Ibc./
acre
20
5
5
15-20
10
20
25
30
15
1-2
15-20
5
5
lbs/1000
r,a . ft .
1/2
1/8
1/8
3/8-1/2
1/4
1/2
5/8
3/4
3/8
1/40-
1/20
3/8-1/2
1/8
1/8
Sxiitable
pll
5-8
505-893
4.5-8.3
5.5-8.3
5.5-7,5
5.8-7.5
* Site Suitability
Drouqhty
2
2
1
2
2
2
!,'cll
Drained
1
1
1
1
1
1
Wet
2
1
2
i
* I/ Preferred; 2/ rill tolerate
x Use on pond fill" and borrow areas. Mixture 6 r.ay bo used where pond
fills will be frerruentlv and closel" mov.-ed.
,mne 1973
-------
342-3
Blaci. ; •<:.< Study Area
Standards and ^jjecifications
Allen Co. SWCD
3. Mulch with 2 tons of straw or equivalent material. See
Specifications "484 Kulchinp" attached.
B. Adapted tree, shrub and vine plantinps
1. Follow Indiana Tree Planting Ouide and Shrub Planting
Guide for the proper species, spacing and the important
techniques of planting; and management.
2. When making plantings, particularly beneficial to wildlife,
refer to the appropriate specifications as outlined in
Practice 645, Wildlife Development.
3. Tree, shrub and vine plantings for critical areas and
beaut ification.
Purpose, Use, and
Aesthetic Value
Species
Growth Drainage
Rate & Tolerance Required
Spacing Height Sun Shade Poor Well
SHADE AND ORNAMENTAL TREES:
Evergreen
Deciduous
White flowers
Bright red coloration
Yellow coloration
Yellow coloration
SHRUBS:
White Pine
Red Pine
Jack Pine
Black Locust
Black Gum
Thornless
Honeylocust
65' M-901
65' M-751
40'
40'
40'
F-401
F-301
M-50'
50' F-40'
X
X
X
X
X
X
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
Europ.Bl.Alder 40* F-401
White flowers-red color
Pink flowers
Yellow flowers
Red coloration
P-ed fruit
Silver leaves-red fruit
Doowood
Redbud
Forsythia
Suma-Smooth
or Staghorn
Coralberry
Autumn Olive
8'xlO'
8'xlO1
8'xlO'
Clumps
2 or 3
6'- 8'
8--10'
S-201
M-151
F- 8'
F-10'
F- 5'
M-101
X X
X
X
X
X X 2
X
1
1
1
1
1
1
June 1973
-------
342-4
31acJ- G-ool- "
Standards and ;>/• •;.
Ml spacin^ of trees and shrubs shorn on the nreviotr: ? >
is to show the plants' beaut", and not for erosion
Any of the previous plants when used on critical are,-- r1 ~
have an overseedirf of adanted rrass and lenjros f>;r so'~
stabilization.
1 n 1 *"" " Growth 7 Drainarre
r,round Cover Pato S Tolerance required
Plant (Vine Type) Spacinq Height Sun Shade Poor r,,'cil
Around *iyrtle
(Vica finer)
F-l/2'
Jananene Honeysuckle 6' r-11
v "Critical Area Plant in"" s^ecr' f \cat ion1- Tor r-j-
sh.rent, fertility tr^atjrent , c^rid raint:-?i:anco.
Cos t-ohar: n^
Cost-share, t'h^n planned and applied accorr'.Lr.f to tl -.; abf-vo -
tions, '.r'll be ^s follows:
1. r,F"ero control is ^cconpllslied b" plan* in'" of aci-^.'t-'od rja-
•ind la—ijT'-on , cost-share T-7ill "-e 65?i oc t"1/3 ictual OOSLS
olvad not to exceed 659<- of" the esti'-atoc' cost.
T'nit Price = $400.00 per acre
"axiTT'jn Cost- Share = $260.00 Tier acre
2. When trees and 'or r,h.rubs are 'Vlann^d an-'i establ:.:-'v-.-i :ir:
at 5 on T-.7ith ,"rass and le^urc1 scwdn^s, c^st-slnre '-.'ill r
of the actual costs involved not to exc- en 80°, or the. er
cost .
Unit Price = $400.00 rer acre
Cost-Share = $320.00 ner a ere
ccr: \n-
•t:!raf-ed
rTOTP: The r^rotnctirn ^rom li^estocl: :s ne
entablish cjrzti.ca] area p3.J3ntir.Tj F?nr:iri(T -is i-larjie'
-ird :jir-" tailed TTill he cost-shared n'n acooj-^'.r'r.ce i i^h
rractice 472 Jjivestool" Fxclus-'nn. 1'ractice •.-:11 be
elir-ibio cor pa'^ent '-'hen seed-in^ AG
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
484 MILCHINP (Acres)
Definition
Applying plant residues or other suitable materials not produced on
the site to the soil surface.
Purpose
To conserve moisture, absorb rainfall impact and prevent soil compac-
tion ^ and crusting, to reduce runoff and erosion, to help establish new
seedings, control weeds and improve the physical condition of the soils.
Where Applicable
On soils subject to severe erosion where a snail amount of vepetation
cover or crop residue is produced, such as critical areas and some
orchards and vineyards; on soils that have a low infiltration rate; on
soils excavated in construction, both cut and fill areas, and on new
seedings.
Specifications
Critical areas where grass and/or legumes are to be seeded.
Apply approximately 1-1/2 to 2 tons of dry material per acre or 2 bales
per 1000 sc. ft. (straw, hay, etc.) to the surface after fertilizing
and seedinp. (Eight tons of manure will have about the same effect as
two tons of straw).
When structures are completed too late for normal seedincr and too
early for dormant seeding to be made: apply lime, fertilizer, pre-
pare seedbed and mulch and secure the mulch in place inroediately after
completion of the structure. Delay seeding until after potential for
fall termination is past, then broadcast seed on the surface by some
type of hand seeder.
Spread evenly over the area.
Anchor the mulching material by disking into the surface, by stakes and
string, asphalt spray or paper netting.
Cost-share for mulching is included in those practices where mulching
is required.
June 1973
-------
344-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SUCD
31+4 CROP prSiPlIE ''VviAClT'LlfT1 (Acres)
Definition
Msinr riant residues to protect cultivated field:; durin^ critical ero-
sion periods.
Purpose
To conserve rnisture, increase infiltration, reduce soil losses, and
ir.prove soil tilth.
v.^iere .Applicable
On cropland where adecuate crop residues are produced.
Spec: fi cations
1. Arount of crop residues left on surface.
Crop residues are le^t on the surface durinr critical erosion
periods in the arount designated, as reouired by the conservation
cropping sister (reference is rade to the water and wind, erosion
equations ) .
2. ''anarenant o^ residues.
The. residue ra" be chiseled or disked in the ^all, winter, or
srrinr prior to planting providing the ruantity o^ residue
left on the surface, after tillage is adecuate to reet require-
ments uner I ten 1. 1.f residues are placed under, they shall not
be ->lowed under prior to one ronth before plantinr.
(See also, specifications for rinirur tillage - no plow nethods).
("ule of thurh on amount o^ residues: One ton o*" re;sidue will
be produced for each 35 bushel yield o^ corn; 20 bushel wheat;
40 bushel oats; and 40 bushel sop-beans).
Cost-share x;lien planned and applied accord inr to the above specifications
will be 70% cf the average cost o^ 01.50 per acre.
-------
344-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Unit Price = $1.50 per acre
Maximum Cost Share a $10OS per acre
Practice will be eligible for payment just prior to planting of the
next years crop.
June 1973
-------
'io? -
Black Creek fjludy AJ>_-
Standards and Specif icat;.-r
A33.cn Co. L ;• ,
362 DIVERSION (Feet)
Definition
A channel with a s importinp ridpe on the lower side constructed aero-
the slope.
Scope
This standard covers the installation of all div-^r^u :;?, r;xcet>t flood-
vjster diversions.
Purpose
The Durpose of this practice is to divert v/ater Frx?m areas where it in
in excess to sites where it can be used or disused of safely.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
This practice atmlies to sites ..n^f.:
1. i'lonoff from hipher lyi/ip, areas is ddirtirdnr cropland, Dasvareland,
farmsteads, or conservation pi^actices fu:ch as terraces or- strip-
croppinp.
2. Surface and shallow suLsurface flow Is danrjcdp'T slooinp ur.land.
3. Runoff is available for diver^ :>n and use on nearby sites.
4. Required as a part of a pollution abatement syster., or to control
erosion and runoff on urban or develocinp areas and construction
sites.
Diversion shall not be substituted for terraces on land reouirinp
terracing for erosion control.
Di/ersions are not usually applicable below hiph sediment Droducinp
areas unless land treatment practices or structural measures, desipned
to orevent damapinp accuirrulations of sediment in tJie cnannels, are in-
stalled with or before the diversions.
June 1973
-------
362-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SWCD
Design Criteria
General
Diversions shall be designed according to the procedures found in
Chapter 9, SCS Engineering Field Manual.
Capacity
Diversions protecting agricultural land and those that are part of a
pollution abatement system must have the capacity to carry the peak
runoff from a 10-year-frequency storm as a minimum, with a freeboard
not less than 0.3 feet. Diversions designed to protect urban areas,
buildings and roads, and those designed to function in connection with
other structures, shall have enough capacity to carry the peak runoff
expected from a storm frequency with the hazard involved.
Cross Section
The channel may be parabolic, V-shaped, or trapezoidal. The diversion
shall be designed to have stable side slopes; no steeper than 4:1 on
field slopes up to 15 percent and on field slopes over 15 percent, no
steeper than 2:1. Ihe ridge height will include a minimum of 15 per-
cent for settlement. The ridge shall have a minimum top width of 4
feet at the design elevation. The minimum cross section shall meet
the specified dimensions. The top of the constructed ridge shall not
be lower at any point than the design elevation plus the specified
overfill for settlement.
Location
Diversion location shall be determined by outlet conditions, topography,
land use, cultural operations, soil type, and length of slope.
A diversion in a cultivated field must be aligned so as to permit the
use of modern farming equipment.
Vegetation
Ihe channel and ridge, including front and back slopes of all diversions
shall be seeded and maintained in good vegetation. Adapted grasses and
fertility rates for Practice 342, Critical Area Planting, shall be used.
Protection Against Sedimenation'
In addition to vegetating the ridge and channel, a filter strip above
the channel not less than 20 feet wide will be established and main-
tained in pood sod when one or more of the following conditions exist:
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specification;:-,
Allen Co. fiVJCi:
1. The slope above the diversion exceeds 8 percent.
2. The design velocity (Vn) cf the- diversion is less than 3 feet per
second.
3. 'There concentrations of sediment can enter the v:atervay fror
ratercourses or anv other hi<~h sedinent producing area.
Cutlets
Each diversion must have an adequate outlet. The outlet nay be a massed
T-aterwav, vegetated or oaved area, .made stabilization structure, stable
'.j-atercourse, or tile cutlet. In all cases the outlet nust convey runoff
to a Tioint T-:here outvie/-; uill not cause danare. Vegetative outlets sliall
he installed before diversion construction, if needed, to insure establi-
shipent o~ vegetative cover In the outlet channel.
The denim elevation of the vater surface in the diversion shall not
be lover than The desim elevation of the water surface in the outlet
at their junction '-:hen both are operating at design flow.
Flans and Specifications
Plans and specifications for installation of diversion shall be in
keepin<~ T. dtl: the standard and shall describe the requirements for
application of the -practice to achieve its intended purpose.
Cons t ruct ion
/•ll dead Burrows, ditches, or Bullies to be crossed shall be filled
before construction berin" or as a -oart of construction. All old
terrace"-, fence rows, or other obstructions that "'ill interfere with
the successful operation of the diversions shall te reroved.
The rpinirrun cross section shall reet the speciFied designed dimensions,
but in no instance, be less than 8 souare feet.
The top of the constructed ridro shall not be lover at any point than
the desir;ied elevation plus the specified overfill ^or settlement.
Final made fill be checked and corrected so that channel vill drain
anc not leave pools of t-;ater '-.to'ch T.-;ould crown out vegetation.
Cost-Sharinr
Cost-share, :TV;on planned and a^mlded accordin."- to the above speci-
cioationr, '-'11 be 75% of the actual cost not to exceed 75% o'^ the
June 1973
-------
362-4 Black Creek Study
Standards and Specifical
Allen Co.
Unit Price = $ .60 per cubic yard
Maximum Cost Share = U5C per cubic yard of earth moved
2. Seeding the Diversion and Required Filter Strip
Cost share, when carried out according to the above specifications
will be 75 percent of the actual cost not to exceed 75 percent of
the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $150.00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share = $112.50 per acre
3. Underground Outlet and Inlet System
Cost share when planned and constructed according to the above
specifications will be 75 percent of the actual cost not to
exceed 75 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $150.00 per inlet
Maximum Cost Share = $112.50 per inlet
Practice will be eligible for payment when diversion is completed
and seeded.
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Studv A:*- •
Standards and Specificat;V.r
Mien Co. :j,:Ci
380 FARMSTEAD AND FEEDLOT < 7PIDBPEAKS (Acres)
Definition
A belt of trees or shrubs established next to a 'farr1? t •/' or ""eedlot.
Purpose
To provide wind nrotection, control ^not-7 deTc-r'tion, I"'TO"-J -,-;•,—"•
landscape, r>ur>plv ^ood and cover for ^ildli^e, ire ~,u-^l" -•"-.-, .Vf ^
for livestock.
'•here
1. Adiacent to famsteads and rural rri-cs:te': •-•••.•"• ":
is 1 ~']:ely tc occur, and v.'her0 T.'S ^^ tr^(j:- -•'.-"':
orovirie "ind protection, and id-.' ]ar'J ;"ar-'- •-"'';- •
2. To rrorsct .^a^ture aroan o^ ir.tensv/o -n i.",:'i ;• or •
3. Or ;73ndbrea}. •~ide^ of rural school?, cer^etaries, ch'i:c'
crertiTi area:;, etc., vhore ^'ir.d y^rotection can \<- -KJC:
'ites.
Site Locatin
isr. ^.Tindbrea> " on north and ',\^"
area needing wind protection.
2. r'lant ''.-indbrea! ' -^'t1; ir.s;;'o od~e 1>"3! to 15P reet :r^^
of buildir.f area.
Site Preparation
1. Heav/ textxrred and organic ^oiln: "all ^lo*-', c'isk iiic
1/2 to 3/4 bushel per ac^e o" r::"all -ra:r, .
2. Sandv textured aoiln: Lirhtl" d:'r! '.r.
olantinr.
-------
380-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Spacing of Trees and Shrubs
1. Keep trees and shrubs 8 feet or more from fences.
2. Space as follows: Evergreens - Rows 12' to 16' apart and
trees 12' to 16' apart in the row.
Shrubs - Rows 10' to 12' from evergreens and 31 to U1 apart
in the row.
Spacings are shown with variance in order to fit landowner
cultivation equipment.
Planting and design
1. Establish windbreaks only in spring (March 15 to May 15).
2. Minimum requirement for Farmstead and Feedlot Windbreak will
be 3 rows of plants, of which 2 rows must be tree species:
The following combinations are recommended ;
A. One row shrubs on windward side and 2 rows of evergreen
inside.
B. One row of shrubs outside and another inside with 2 rows
of evergreens in the middle. (4 row windbreaks)
C. Three rows of evergreens.
3. Stagger spacing of evergreens in adjacent rows.
Planting Stock for Windbreaks
Trees -
White Pine - Good for windbreaks except on severely eroded sites.
Stock - Transplants - 2-2 or 2-1
Red Pine - Avoid wet sites and severe erosion areas.
Stock - Transplants - 2-1 or 2-2
American Arborvitae (Northern White-Cedar) - Good species for
moist and fertile sites. When used with pines, it should be planted
in outside rows.
Stock - Seedling or Transplant - 3-0 or 2-1
June 1973
-------
380-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Norway Sr. - Suited to better soils, and slower in growth than
pines. When planted with pines, place in windward row,
Stock - Transplants - 2-2
Jack Pine - Only an sandy soils where active blow problem exists.
Use in outside row to protect better pines.
Stock - Seedlinps - 1-0 or 2-0
Shrubs
Hazelnut (Filbert) - Dry and well drained upland sites.
Seedlinps - 2-0
Autumn Olive - Stands wide ranpe of sites.
Seedlinps - 2-0
Multiflora Rose - Only in areas of intensive cultivation and where
spread will be controlled. Avoid droughty sand.areas,
Seedlinps - 1-0
Lilacs - Used in most cases to add beauty to windbreaks. Avoid
wet sites.
Seedlinps and grafted stock - 2-0 or 3-0
Gray Dogwood
Red Osier Dopwood - Moist sites,
Seedlinps - 2-0
Tartarian Honeysuckle - Most common of bush honeysuckles. Suited
to planting on wide variety of sites.
Seedlinps - 2-0
Amur Honeysuckle - Similar to Tartarian, will attain a preater
heipht and retain fruit lonper into winter.
Seedlinps - 2-0
Trees and shrubs selected for windbreaks must be adapted to soil and
site.
June 1973
-------
380-4 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Place order for windbreak stock in fall for next year's planting.
Order 10% more plants than required. Extras to be planted in garden
for later replacement stock.
Maintenance
1. Fence, where needed, TO protect plants from livestock damage.
2. Protect from fire, rodents, and harmful chemical spray.
3. Replant any dead plants the following spring*
4. Cultivate for several years until plants are well established.
Cost Sharing
Cost share, when planned and applied according to the above specifications
will be 80% of the actual cost involved not to exceed 80% of the estimated
cost.
Unit Price = $80.00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share = $64.00 per acre
Where protection from livestock is needed, fencing as planned and
installed will be cost shared in accordance with practice 472, Live-
stock Exclusion.
Practice will be eligible for payment when trees are planted and pro-
tected.
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study AI
Standards and SDeciiir-.-.il
Allen Co. •".-
386 FIELD BORDER (Feet)
Definition
A border or strip of perennial vegetation established at the edpe of a
field by plantinp prass-lepume mixtures or by convertlnp to herbaceous
vegetation or shrubs.
Purpose
To control erosion; protect edoes of fields and berms that are vised as
"turn rows" or travel lanes for farm machinery; reduce ^0 npet.it Ion frc-n
adjacent woodland; provide wildlife food and cover; or inorove the
environment.
Where Applicable
At field edpes, especially crop fields alonp cpan drains and edre of
woodlands adjacent to cropland, roads, trails, riphts-of-way, and woodland
openings,
Specifications
Borders developed v;ill be a minimum of one rod in width and will not
include a part of a designed waterway or streambank section. Develop-
ment of field borders by either of the two follcwinp methods arc
acceptable:
A, Grass-Lepune Plantinp.
1. Field borders will be at least one rod in width.
2. Use adapted perennial prasses, lepumes, or prass-lepume mix-
tures. See Standard and Specifications for Pasture and Hay-
land Plantinp. If field is plowed out of meadow, leave de-
sired width of field border.
3. Delay mowinq of field borders until after Aunust 1. Hay may
be removed at that tiine.
B* Shrub» or Shrub and Tree, or Grass and Tree Plantinp
1. Plant two rows of shrubs such as pray or silky dopwood or autumn
olive alonp woodland edpes and field borders. Space shrub rows
6 to 8 feet apart with plants 6 to 8 feet apart in row.
June 1973
-------
186-2 Black Creek Study
Standards and Specifications
/"lien Co. SivCD
2. /']or.r strean channels black walnut rnav be slanted in one row
on a 12 foot snacinr with shrubs alternating jn the row rakino-
a 6 foot spacing. Next to the ^ield, the second row of shrubs
should be planted on a 6 to 8 foot s^acin^ with rows 6 to 8
Feet acart.
3. Alon^ strears, a row of black walnut ray be planted on a 12
foot snacin^ with adapted perennial masses lepunes or
-------
392-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
392 FIELD WINDBREAKS (Feet)
Definition
A strip or belt of trees or shrubs established within or adjacent to
a field.
Purpose
To reduce soil blowing; control deposition; conserve moisture; protect
crops and orchards.
To provide food, cover_and travel lanes for wildlife in areas cf in-
tensive farming operations.
Contribute to reduction of air pollution, improve peneral enviroment
and add to rural beauty.
Where Applicable
In or around open fields which need protection apainst wind damape to
soils and crops.
Where strips of trees or shrubs increase the natural beauty of a
rural community or provide additional cover and food for many species
of wildlife.
Specifications
Plant generally in a north - south direction to pive maximum protection
from prevailing winds. Occasional east - west plantinps are also
needed on larpe areas of erosive soils, and in some specific sites.
The permanency of this practice makes it essential that rows be laid
out and marked prior to txLantinp. Careful layout will eliminate culti-
vation problems after plantinp.
The spacinp between field windbreaks will vary with type of plants
used in windbreak crop beinp protected, and credibility of soil.
Generally, the spacinp of windbreaks should be a distance not preater
than 15 - 20 times the effective heipht of materials beinp planted.
June 1973
-------
392-2
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Plants for Windbreaks and Spacing*
Planting
Spacing
Species In Row Ft.
White pine
Red Pine
Jack Pine
American Arborvitae
Norway Spruce
Hazelnut (Filbert)
Autumn Olive
Multiflora Rose
Lilacs
Silkydogwood
Gray Dogwood
Red Osier Dogwood
Laurel-leaf Willow
Tall Purple Willow
Med. Purple Willow
Tartarian Honeysuckle
Amur Honeysuckle
8 -
8 -
8 ••
6 -
8 -
3 -
3 -
2 -
3 -
3 -
3 -
3 -
3 -
3 -
3 -
3 -
3 -
10
10
10
8
10
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Expected
Maximum
Height Ft.
80 -
70 -
60 -
30 -
70 -
8 -
12 -
8 -
10 -
15 -
15 -
15 -
30 -
15 -
12 -
12 -
15 -
90
80
70
40
80
10
14
10
12
20
20
20
40
20
15
15
20
Size
Stock
2-1, 2-2
2-1, 2-2
1-D
3-0, 2-1
2-2
2-0
2-0
1-0
2-0
2-0
2-0
2-0
Cuttings
Cuttings
Cuttings
2-0
2-0
Allowable Dis-
tance Between
Windbreaks Ft.
1,000 -
1,000 -
800 -
500 -
1,000 -
150 -
250 -
150 -
200 -
300 -
300 -
300 -
600 -
300 -
250 -
250 -
300 -
1,500
1,500
1,000
1,000
1,500
200
300
200
250
400
400
400
800
400
300
300
400
NOTE: The woodland suitability groups for mapping units places together
soil units where wind erosion presents a problem. The same groups
provide ji good base fpjr assignment £f suitable units for use in wind-
breaks .
* On specialty crops a closer spacing may be needed to adequately protect
young growing plants.
June 1973
-------
397-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Plant in.p-
I. Plant inrr time will be from f'arch 15 to T'ay 15.
2. Plant in 1 or 2 rows. When 2 rows are used, plant 1 row with
tree species, and the other row of shrubs. In a 2 row arrange-
ment, shrubs should be located on windward side of windbreak.
3, When 2 row break is established, use heirrht of tallest plants
to figure allowable windbreak spacing.
"aintenance and Protection
1. Windbreaks must be protected at all tines from fire, livestock,
and chemical spray damage.
2. Cultivate the windbreak at the same tine as cultivatine field
crops.
3. Replant any failure of plants the following spring.
Caution
Chemicals used in performing this practice must be federally and
locally registered and must be applied strictly in accordance with
authorized repistered uses, directions on the label, and other federal
or state policies and reouirements.
Cost-Sharing
Cost-share, when planned and applied according to the above specifications,
•'ill be 80% of the average cost of 5 cents per lineal -foot.
I fait Price = 5 cents r>er lineal foot
"axinun Cost-Share = M cents per lineal foot
llhere protection 'prom livestock is needed, ^encin^ as planned and
applied will be cost-shared in accordance with practice 472, Livestock
Exclusion.
Practice will be eligible for payment when trees are planted and
orotected, if necessary.
June 1973
-------
uio-i
Black Creek f>tudv Area
Standards and Spec ' •'"i cations
Mien Co. SWCD
410 HPADE STABILIZATION STPUCTIP.E (I-Iuniber)
Definition
A structure to stabilize the nrade or to control head cuttinp in natural
or artificial channels.(Does not include straight pipe overfall struc-
tures used in irrigation systems or structures for water control). Tile
outlet pipes will be eligible for cost-share.
Scope
This standard applies to all types of prade stabilization structures.
Purpose
Trade stabilization structures are installed to stabilize the grade in
natural or artificial channels, prevent the formation or advance of
rullies, and reduce environmental and pollution hazards.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
These structures applv where the concentration and flow velocity of water
are such that structures are required to stabilize the prade in channels
or to control Fully erosion. Special attention will be riven to maintain-
inrr or improving habitat for fish and wildlife, where applicable.
Desim Criteria
Structures
Trade stabilization structures of materials such as concrete, rock, ma-
sonary, steel, aluminum and treated wood shall be desirrned in accordance
with the principles outlined in the SCS Engineering Field Manual for
Conservation Practices and the applicable SCS Engineering Memorandum.
Embankment
Earthfill embankments shall be designed as follows:
1. Embankments for class (a) structures havinr a height of 20
feet or less as measured from the lowest point on the original
centerline profile to the crest of the emerpencv spillway will
meet the Enp;ineer:mr Standard and Specification for Pond (378).
June 1973
-------
410-2 Black Creek Study' Area
Standards and Specifications'
Allen Co. SWCD
2. The design of eribankrents for all structures exceeding the
liritations in 1 above either in dirension or hazard shall
he based on State Standards and criteria where the product
of height t.ires storage is less than 3,000 and on the re-
quirerents of SCS Engineering ?e construction shall have
fill siceslopes of 2:1 or •"latter and top width of 4 foot
rinirur that will orovide a stable structure for local
conditions,
4. Stabilitv of domstrear channel shall be deterrined for all
structures except those with nro^ped outlets. The channel
prade below the aorons shall be such, that velocities will
not cause scour and undermine the r>tructuvie. Velocity in
the channel will 1^ detemined usinc- a 10-vear-frenuency
rainfall or bankfull flow i~ it occurs before the 10-year
frequency "la.-- occurs.
remissible velocities ror general soil -b/pes are:
Sandv Ic^ain 1.75 feet per sec.
Silt'loan 2.00 " '"
Stiff clay, traded loa^ 3.75 " " "
Shales and Ivird pan 5.00 " " "
Site Evaluation
Foundation investigations shall be nade at each site. Sufficient soil
boring will be taken and recorded to deterrine suitability of site for
the proposed structure. Foundation raterial shall have adequate supporting
strength for loads to be irposed on it, resistance to pipinf and not be
subject to uneven settlement. IJhcn a sirnificant arount of borrow raterial
will be used as "ill, borinrs o^ borrow area shall be taken to determine
suitabilit" ^or fill, and if sufficient amount of borrow is available for
construction.
Flans and .Specifications
Plans and specifications "or installation of Hrade Stabilization Structures
shall be in" keeping with this standard and shall describe the requirements
for application of the practice to achieve its intended purpose.
All trees, brush, stunps, stone (6 inches or larger) and other debris shall
be removed fror the area to be occupied by the structure and earth embank-
ment.
June 1973
-------
W.0-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Excavation
Structure excavation shall be to the elevations as shown on the plan or
as directed when change conditions are encountered. All vertical or
overhanging banks shall be sloped to 1:1 or flatter. Excavation shall
be large enough to free movement by workmen.
Concrete
All concrete shall have a compressive strength of not less than 3,000
pound per square inch at 28 days. A mixture of one part cement, two
parts of clean well grade fine aggreate (sand) and three parts of
clean well graded coarse aggreate (gravel or crushed stone) by weight
using not more than six gallons of clean water will normally provide a
concrete that will meet the above strength requirement. Coarse aggreate
shall not be larger than 1-1/4 inch.
Except for aprons, cutoff walls, and toe walls under drop spillway and
cradles or bedding for conduits earth shall not be used as part of
the forms.
Reinforcing Steel
All bar reinforcing steel shall be standard deformed bars having a tensile
strength of not less than 20,000 pound per square inch. Pipe, smooth iron
bars, and scrap iron pieces shall not be used. When reinforced mesh is
shown or specified on the plans standard reinforcing, mesh shall be used.
Backfill and Embankments
No backfill or other load shall be placed against or on top of unsupported
concrete surfaces before expiration of the minimum period after placing
concrete as indicated below unless test shows require strength has been
obtained in a lesser period of time.
Walls and vertical faces 10 days
Conduits (inside forms in place) 7 days
Cradle or bedding 2 days
No rolling or hauling equipment shall be permitted to pass over the structure
or closer than two (2) feet to any part thereof for a period of 14- days.
Backfill shall be hand tamped all around the structure before rolling equip-
ment is allowed to complete compaction of backfill.
Earth embankments shall have a minimum topwidth and be placed in accordance
with specifications as given in Practice 378 (ponds).
All earth embankments, borrow areas and other disturbed areas shall be
fertilized and seeded in accordance with Standard and Specification 342
Critical Area Planting.
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWO
Laing and Bedding Pipe
Unless otherwise specified, pipe shall be installed in accordance with
the manufacturer's recommendations. The pipe shall be laid with the
outside lap or circumferential joints pointing upstream and with long-
itudinal laps at the sides at about the vertical midheight of the pipe.
Field welding of corrugated galvanized iron or steel pipe will not
be permitted. Unless otherwise specified, the pipe sections shall be
jointed with standard coupling bands. The pipe sections shall be
firmly and uniformly bedded throughout its entire length to the depth
and in the manner specified on the drawings.
The pipe shall be loaded sufficiently during backfilling around the
sides to prevent its being lifted from the bedding.
Cost Sharing
1. Materials, installed and backfilling
Cost share, when planned and established according to the above
specifications, will be 75 percent of the actual cost of the
structure not to exceed 75 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $1,500.00 per structure
Maximum Cost Share = $1,125.00 per structure
2. Seeding disturbed areas
Cost share when planned and carried out according to the above
specifications, will be 65 percent of the actual cost not to exceed
65% of the estimated cost. The seeding will be mulched with straw
at the rate of 1-1/2 ton per acre or 2 bales per 1000 sq. ft.
Unit Price = $150.00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share = 997.50 per acre
Practice will be eligible for payment when the structure is installed
and the seeding and mulching are completed.
June 1973
-------
•0.2-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
GRASSED WATERWAY OR OUTLET (Acres)
Definition
A natural or constructed waterway or outlet shaped or graded and
established in vegetation suitable to safely dispose runoff from a
field, diversion, terrace, or other structure.
Purpose
To provide for the disposal of excess surface water from terraces,
diversions, culverts, or from natural concentrations without damage
by erosion or flooding.
Where Applicable
This practice applies to all sites where added capacity or vegetative
protection, or both, are required to control erosion resulting from
concentrated runoff and where such control can be achieved by these
practices alone, or combinations with others as a necessary part of an
overall conservation plan to protect the soil and water resources.
The grassed waterway practice is not applicable to watercourses
where construction of a waterway would destroy important woody wildlife
cover and the present watercourse is capable of hauling the concen-
trated runoff without serious erosion. Such situations are usually
recognizable by a meandering condition, steep side slopes which are
stabilized by woody plants or herbaceous vegetation, and the watercourse
is without rapidly advancing overfalls.
Design Criteria
Capacity
The minimum capacity shall be that required to confine the peak runoff
expected from a storm of 10-year frequency, 21 hour duration obtained
by using the procedures in Chapter 2, SCS Engineering Field Manual, ex-
cept that on slopes of less than 1 percent, out-of-peak flow may be
permitted where such flow will not cause erosion. The minimum in such
cases shall be the capacity required to carry within the channel, the
runoff as determined by using the "B" drainage cover. (0.168 cfs per
acre of drainage area).
June 1973
-------
412-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Velocity
Design velocities shall not exceed those obtained by using the procedures,
"n!! values, and recommendations in Chapter 7, SCS Engineering Field
Manual. Design velocities shall not exceed 5 feet per second.
Width
Tne bottom width of trapezoidal waterways or outlets shall not exceed
70 feet unless multiple or divided waterways or other means are pro-
vided to control meandering, of low flows.
Depth
The minimum depth of a waterway or outlet receiving wa.ter from terraces,
diversions, or other tributary channels shall be that depth required to
keep the design water surface elevation in the waterway or outlet at,
or below, the design water surface elevation in the terrace, diversion,
or other tributary channel at their junction when both are flowing at
desipn depth.
Drainage
Tile or other suitable subsurface drainage measures shall be provided
for in the design for sites having water table or seepage problems,
except where water-tolerant vegetation such as reed cemarygrass can
be used.
Cross Section
Where farm equipment must cross the waterway during farming operations,
side slopes shall not be steeper than 4:1, with 6:1 or flatter recommend-
ed. Waterways may be constructed either parabolic or trapezoidal.
Specifications
All trees, brush, stumps, and other objectionable material shall be
disposed of so they will not interfere with construction or proper
functioning of the waterway or outlet.
The waterway or outlet shall be shaped or constructed to the specifi-
ed dimensions, free of bank projections or other irregularities.
Where establishment of vegetation is a problem on exposed subsoil, some
topsoil should be preserved and replaced.
All earth not needed in construction of the waterway or outlet shall be
spread or disposed of so it will not interfere with the function of the
waterway or outlet.
June 1973
-------
412-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Where water flow will interfere with establishment of vegetation, a
temporary diversion should be installed above the waterway and by
spoil ridges along the sides of the waterway and retained until the
seeding is established. After the waterway seeding is established,
the temporary diversion is filled, smoothed and seeded.
Fills shall be compacted as needed to prevent unequal settlement,
that would cause damage in the completed waterway.
In critical areas such as, sharp breaks in channel grade or where
excessive velocities would cause channel scour, paper netting, jute
netting or sod should be used.
Seeding
1. Apply lime as needed.
2. Apply 600 Ibs. or more of 12-12-12 fertilizer (or its equivalent)
per acre as soon as the waterway has been constructed.
3. Prepare a firm seedbed.
4. Seed one of the following grass mixtures:
Tall Fescue 20#/ac.
Redtop 5#/ac.
Tall Fescue 20#/ac.
Perennial Ryegrass 5#/ac.
Reed Canary/grass l5#/ac.
Redtop 5#/ac.
Tall Fescue 30#/ac.
Smooth Bromegrass 20#/ac.
Redtop 5#/ac.
5. Use a mulch of 1-1/2 to 2 tons per acre on critical sites. Anchor
the mulch by working it partly into the soil or with paper netting.
Jute netting or sod may be used on critical sites instead of mulch.
Other Factors to Consider
Hake seedings across the waterway to avoid rows running up and down hill.
Operating a cultipacker seeder in an S curve or weaving pattern is an
acceptable procedure for seeding.
June 1973
-------
412-U Black Creek Study Ares
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCB
Cost Sharing
Cost share, when planned and established according to the above speci-
fications, will be 80 percent of the actual cost involved not to exceed
80 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $.60 per cubic yard of earth roved
Maximum Cost Share = $*l*8 per cubic yard of earth moved
Seeding of Waterway
Cost share when planned and established according to the above speci-
fications will be 80 percent of the average cost of $75.00 per acre.
Cost share will be 80 percent of the average cost of $150.00 per acre
when seeded and nulched with 1-1/2 ton of straw per acre
Maximum Cost Share = $60.00 per acre - seed only
Maximum Cost Share = $120.00 per acre - seed and mulch
NOTE: In addition, tile drainage as referred to in the above
specification may be cost shared under Practice 606
(Tile Drainage).
Practice is eligible for payment when waterway is completed
and seeded.
June 1973
-------
425-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
• iO.'Ju..^ ,::Lb AND TAi,;-J (Number)
Definition
A fabricated structure or one made by constructing a pit, dam or em-
bankment or combination thereof for temporary storage of animal or
agricultural wastes, associated runoff and waste water. (Does not
include disposal lagoon.)
Scope
This standard establishes the minimum acceptable quality for design and
construction of holding ponds and tanks as part of overall waste manage-
ment systems in predominantly rural or agricultural areas. For holding
ponds this standard is applicable to class (a) ponds with fill heights
of 20 feet or less.
The following practices may also be applicable to the extent that they
are needed to minimize erosion and/or control runoff across or from
feedlots, holding areas, etc. Such practices may include but are not
limited to critical area planting (342), terraces (600), diversions
(362), grassed waterways (412), drainage field ditch (590), grade
stabilization structures (410), debris basins (350), drain (606),
structures for water control (587), and pond (378).
Purpose
Holding ponds and tanks are constructed to store liquid and solid manure
and polluted runoff from feed lots, barn yards and similar areas until
it can be safely utilized, evaporated or otherwise disposed of.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
General
This practice applies where there is need for facilities to temporarily
store liquid and/or solid manure or other agricultural wastes, reduce
sources of air and water pollution, minimize health hazards and improve
tiie environment.
State and Local Laws
All state and local laws, water quality standards, rules and regulations
governing the disposal of manure or other agricultural wastes must be
strictly adhered to. The owner is responsible for securing any and all
June 1973
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^25-2 Black Creak Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
permits or approvals as required. Hie owner- or operator must submit
the plans to and secure the approval of the Stream Pollution Control
Board for all systems that include holding ponds or tanks.
Other Publications
Recommendations found in the publication for beef, dairy, swine, and
poultry "Waste Handling and Disposal Guidelines for Indiana," by the
Cooperative Extension Service, Purdue University, should be followed
where applicable.
Design Criteria — Holding Ponds and Tanks
Location
Locate holding ponds and tanks as near the source of polluted runoff as
practicable giving due consideration to economics of gravity flow and
plan of proposed disposal facilities. Locate where prevailing winds
will minimize odor problems to neighbors and owner. Holding ponds and
tanks should be located no closer than 500 feet from existing residences
other than that of the owner or operator, and no closer than 1300 feet
from churches, business, recreation, or residential areas. Holding
ponds and tanks shall be located so that non-polluted runoff is excluded
to the fullest extent possible. This should include the diversion of
all unpolluted surface runoff from areas outside the feet lot.
All roof water should be diverted from the holding facilities by the
use of roof gutters. An exception to this may be made when this water
is needed for mixing water, but a method of diverting the water away
from the holding facility must be provided to prevent excess water from
entering the facility.
New confined feeding facilities should not be located adjacent to
streams, water courses, lakes, ponds, marshes, or drain inlets.
Soil and Foundation
Locate on soils of slow or very slow permeability or soils suitable for
sealing to avoid pollution of ground water. Soils with high water tables
or soils subject to flooding should be avoided. Contamination of ground
water should be prevented by avoiding sand or gravelly soils or shallow
soils over fractured or cavernous rock. Soil borings shall be made, and
recorded to a minimum depth of two feet below the planned bottom of the
holding pond. The log at the boring shall describe the soil in detail
and note the ground water elevation if any.
Size
The ndnimum storage capacity is the volume required to store the 90
day accumulation of animal waste and polluted runoff. Also the Indiana
-------
U25-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Stream Pollution Control Board requires that all wash water and other
waste water from milk houses and milking parlors be outletted into a
holding pond or tank or an approved septic system must be used. In
order to provide required storage the pond or tank must be able to
hold as a minimum the sum of the following amounts:
1. Runoff from the contributing area:
Paved - 12 inches
Earth - 6 inches
2. Animal waste - Use table below or amounts from "Waste Handling
and Disposal Guidelines" by the Cooperative Extension Service,
Purdue University.
Cu. Ft./ Cu. Ft./head/
Animal day/head 90 days
Dairy Cattle 1.3 117
Beef Cattle 1.0 90
Feeder Pigs under M3 Ibs. 0.06 5
Hogs 0.28 25
Sow and Latter 0.55 50
Sheep 0.11 10
Chickens 0.003 0.3
3. Fountain leakage and other water wasted by hogs 0 to 0.07 cu.
ft./day/head.
4. Milk house wash water-estimated amount.
Disposal Facilities
Provisions for emptying the holding pond or tank without polluting sur-
face waters shall be provided to insure that sufficient capacity is
available between emptyings. Determination of emptying time shall be
based on the chance of overflow from subsequent storm runoff, and
animal wrote accumulation, and capacity of the disposal areas. Excess
infiltration such as to pollute ground water shall be avoided.
Facilities for emptying the holding facilities, such as tank wagons or
irrigation equipment, will be provided to deliver the wastes to the
spreading area. The emptying of the facility will require the use of
a pump with adequate capacity against the required pumping head.
When irrigation type equipment is used pipe line and irrigation type
sprinkler head(s) will be needed. Selection of this equipment should
be according to manufactures recommendations recognizing the presence
of solids in the liquids and the corrosive nature of the liquids.
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Protection
Fencing and warning signs shall be provided as necessary to prevent
children and others from using the facilities for purposes other than
intended.
Vegetation
Embankments and areas surrounding settling basins and holding ponds
shall be protected from erosion by vegetation or other acceptable
methods.
Maintenance
All storage facilities shall be inspected periodically. Grass, weeds,
and brush shall be controlled.
Design Criteria - Holding Ponds
Earth Embankment
Standards for earth embankments, as required, for holding ponds shall
be as specified under Code 378 - Ponds. Preference should be given
to 3:1 or flatter slopes for areas which must be mowed.
Inlet and Outlets
the inlet to the holding pond may be of any type designed in accordance
with appropriate standards, and must be provided for erosion control of
the inlet area. A surface drainage system should drain water away from
all feed bunks, barns, sheds and manure storage areas. Lot drainage
must be conveyed in open channels or conduits which can be cleaned
easily. Avoid long runs of conduits, culverts under roadways or open-
ings under feed bunks which may clog and require hand cleaning. Where
conduits must be used to convey manure, provide easy access for rodding
and cleaning* All pipes to handle manure must be 8" or larger and be
on a slope of 1% or more. The holding pond shall have no mechanical
spillways or emergency spillways unless approved by the Indiana Stream
Pollution Control Board.
Settling Basin
To minimize frequent cleaning of solids from holding ponds it is
desirable, where practical, to install low gradient inlet channels
or debris basins to settle out most solids prior to entrance to the
holding pond. The inlet channel or debris basin should have adequate
capacity to store settled solids for a reasonable period of time
based on the method of disposal, facilities available and expected
June 1973
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425-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
volume. The debris basin shall have a minimum volume equal to one
inch of runoff from the contributing area and have sufficient addi-
tional area to provide velocities through the basin less than 1.5
feet per second, using peak flows of three C.F.S. per acre of con-
tributing area. The minimum capacity of the outlet will be three
C.F.S, per acre of contributing area.
Design Criteria - Holding Tanks
Materials and Design
Holding tanks shall be watertight structures of reinforced concrete,
steel or other durable material giving due consideration to the nature
of the wastes. They shall be designed to prevent failure due to
internal or external pressures including imposed surface loads and
uplift pressure. All openings shall have tight fitting covers or
other equally effective protective devices. The landowner shall pro-
vide a set of plans showing design and construction details. Such
plans shall be signed by a qualified engineer. Standard plans
developed by Purdue University or anyother Land Grant College are
acceptable.
Size
Tanks shall have sufficient volume to temporarily store accumulated
wastes plus any needed dilution water for the maximum period of time
that such waste cannot be safely disposed of due to weather or oper-
ational restrictions.
Appurtenant Equipment
Special liquid waste handling equipment shall be available to agitate
the waste remove it from the tank and carry it to selected areas for
spreading. Commercial agitators, pumps and liquid manure tanks are
available. Sprinkler irrigation systems, when properly designed and
operated to safely dispose of liquid wastes, can be utilized.
Plans and Specifications
Plans and Specifications for Holding Ponds and Tanks shall be in keeping
with this standard and shall describe the requirements for application
of the practice to achieve its intended purpose.
Cost Sharing
50% of actual cost not to exceed 50% of the estimated cost.
June 1973
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425-6 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Unit Price = $5,600.00 per installation
Maximum Cost Share = $2,800.00
Practice is eligible for payment when the holding tanks are
completed.
June 1973
-------
466-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
466 LAND SMOOTHING
Definition
Removing irregularities on the land surface by use of special equipment.
This ordinarily does not require a complete grid survey. This includes
operations ordinarily classed as rough grading. It does not include the
"floating" done as a regular maintenance practice on irrigated land or
the "planning" done as the final step in a land leveling or land grading
job.
Purpose
The purposes of land smoothing include one or more of the following; To
inprove surface drainage, to provide more effective management of water,
to obtain uniform planting depths, to provide for more uniform cultiva-
tion, to inprove equipment operation efficiency, to improve terrace
alignment, and to facilitate contour cultivation.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
This practice applies on lands where depressions, mounds, old terraces,
turn rows, and other surface irregularities interfere with the applica-
tion of needed soil and water conservation and management practice where
more precise leveling or grading is not practical.
It is limited primarily to cropland areas having adequate soil depths.
Specifications
1. The .ground surface must be plowed 6-8" deep and thoroughly disked
prior to smoothing operations. The surface must be free of vegeta-
tion and trash to facilitate smoothing operations*
2. The smoothed surface shall slope (either uniformly or at varying
grades) into natural or constructed outlets. Grade must not be less
than 0.05 per cent.
3. Field drains must be provided as needed on all smoothed fields to
collect and dispose of surface runoff. These field drains or
collection ditches shall not be spaced more than 600 feet apart.
4. The depth of smoothing shall be controlled to prevent exposing
harmful amounts of subsoil.
June 1973
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466-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
5. At least one pass of a land plane or leveler must be made in each
of three directions, consisting of one pass along the diagonals,
with the last pass generally in the direction of cultivation.
6. Spot checks to assure drainage toward the outlets shall be made.
Working; Tools and References
Indiana Drainage Guide
Land Smoothing for Better Surface Drainage JS-27
Parallel Ditch System JS-5
Cross Slope Ditch Systems JS-4
Engineering Field Manual for Conservation Practices
Cost-Sharing
Cost-share, when planned and established according to the above specifi-
cations, will be 70 percent of the actual cost involved not to exceed
70 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $90.00 per acre
*-feximuT! Cost-Share _ =•__ $ 6 3«0 0 per_ jacre
NOTE: In addition, field drains as recuired in the above specifica-
tion may be cost-shared as a separate item under practice 590
Surface Drains.
Practice is eligible for payment when all the leveling work is
completed.
June 1973
-------
472-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
472 LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION (Acres)
Definition
Excluding livestock from an area where grazing is not wanted.
Purpose
To protect, maintain, or improve the quantity and quality of plant and
animal resourcesj to maintain or improve cover for protection of soil;
improve watersheds hydrologic condition; and to increase natural beauty.
To protect, in addition to woodlands, the wildlife and recreation areas
where grazing would be harmful or create a safety hazard.
Where Applicable
Where desired forest reproduction, soil hydrologic value, wildlife value,
existing vegetation (including trees) or other things, such as asthetic
values or recreation are prevented or damaged by livestock
Where a change of the land-use of adjacent fields is brought about, so
that livestock do not have access to the area being protected.
Will not apply for units of land where no livestock is present or planned
for in future.
Specifications
All classes of livestock will be excluded on a long-time basis by fencing
or other means.
Cost-Sharing
Cost-sharing for fencing is limited to permanent fences (excluding
boundary and road fences) needed to protect the area from grazing.
Cost-sharinn;, when established according to the attached specifications,
382 Fencing, will be 80% of the actual cost involved not to exceed 80%
of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $8.00 per rod
Ifaximum Cost-Share = $6.40 per rod
Practice is eligible for payment when the fencing is completed.
June 1973
-------
382-1
Black Creek Stud}/ Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SWCD
382 FFNCINn (reet)
Definition
Enclosing or dividing an area of land with a suitable permanent structure
that acts as a barrier to livestock. (Does riot include electric or other
temporary fences).
Purpose
To exclude livestock fror areas that should be protected from prazine
and/or protect new seedinps and plantings from prazinp.
VJhere Applicable
On any area where livestock exclusion is needed.
Materials
Barbed wire, woven wire and wire nettinr fencing shall conform to the re-
ruirements of Federal Specifications P.R-F-221 for the specified types and
styles of fencing. Wire shall have Class 2 zinc coatinp unless otherwise
specified. Uoven wire fence will be type 1047-6-11. Barbed wire will be
12-1/2 o-are. Woven wire will include two barbed wires on top. Barbed
wire fence will have a minimum of five strands of barbed wire,
Itood posts shall be of blade locust, red cedar, osare oranpe (Bois d'Arc),
redwood, pressure treated pine or other wood of equal life or strennth.
M least half the diameter or diagonal dimension of red cedar or redwood
-iosts shall be in heartwood. The posts shall be sound, new, free from
decay, with all limbs trimmed substantially flush with the body. They
shall be substantially straight throughout their length.
' iood braces shall be of material equal to or better than construction
rrrade Douglas Fir. They shall be pressure treated.
Steel fence posts and braces shall conform to the requirements of
federal Specification *3P-r-221. Posts with punched tabs for fastening
the \rires shall not be used.
Panel nates shall be the specified types, sizes, and quality and shall
-'nclude the necessary ^ittinjrs. The fittings shall consist of not less
.:han two hinges and two latches or palvanized chains for fastening.
All fittinro shall be equivalent to the "ate manufacturer's standard.
June 1973
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382-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Wire gates shall be the type shown on the drawings, constructed in
accordance with these specifications at the location and to the
dimensions shown on the drawing. Ihe materials shall conform to the
kinds, grades, and sizes specified for new fence, and shall include
the necessary fittings and stays.
Setting Posts
Concrete or wood posts shall be set in holes and backfilled with earth
except where otherwise specified. Steel posts shall be driven unless
otherwise specified.
Post holes shall be at least 6 inches larger than the diameter or
side dimensions of the posts.
Earth backfill around posts shall be thoroughly tamped in layers not
thicker than H inches and shall completely fill the post hole up to
the ground surface.
Corner Assembly
Unless otherwise specified, corner assemblies shall be installed at
all points where the fence alignment changes 15 degrees or more.
End Panels
End panels shall be built at gates and fence ends.
Pull Post Assembly
Pull post assemblies shall be installed at the following locations:
a. In straight fence sections, at intervals of no more than
660 feet.
b. At any point where the vertical angle described by two adjacent
reaches of wire is upward and exceeds 10 degrees (except as
provided in Section 9 of this specification).
c. At the beginning and end of each curve.
June 1973
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382-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Attaching Fencing to Posts
The fencing shall be stretched and attached to posts as follows:
a. The fencing shall be placed on the side of the post opposite
the area being protected, except on curves.
b. The fencing shall be placed on the outside of the curves.
c. The fencing shall be fastened to each end post, corner post
and pull post by wrapping each horizontal strand around the
post and tying it back on itself with not less than three
tightly wound wraps.
d. The fencing shall be fastened to wooden line posts by means
of staples. Woven wire fencing shall be attached at alter-
nate horizontal strands. Each strand of barbed wire shall
be attached to each post. Staples shall not be driven so
tightly as to bind the wire against the post.
e. The fencing shall be fastened to steel line pDsts with either
two turns of 14 gage galvanized steel or iron wire or the post
manufacturer's special wire clips.
f. Wire shall be spliced by means of Western Union splice having
not less than 8 wraps of each end about the Oliver. All wraps
shall be tightly wound and closely spaced.
Crossings at Depressions and Watercourses
Where fencing is installed across the small depressions or watercourses,
either of the following methods of installation shall be used,
a. If the fence wire is installed parallel to the ground surface,
the line posts subject to upward pull shall be anchored by
means of extra embedment or by special anchors.
b. If the wire fence is installed with the top wire straight and
parallel to the ground surface on either side of the
depression, extra length posts shall be used to allow normal
post embedment. Unless otherwise specified, excess space
between the bottom of the fence and the ground shall be closed
with extra strands of barbed wire.
June 1973
-------
614-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SUCH
614 LIVESTOCK r,!ATEPHF FACILITY (Number)
Definition
A trouph or tank with needed devices for water control and waste water
disposal installed to provide drinking; water for livestock.
This standard covers all trouph or tank installation to provide live-
stock waterinr facilities supplied from a spring, reservoir, well or
other sources.
Purpose
To provide watering facilities at selected locations which will brin.fr
about the desired protection of vegetation cover throueh proper dis-
tribution of rrrazinfT or better grassland management.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
This practice applies x%fhere there is a need for new or improved watering
places to permit the desired level of nrassland management and reduce
health hazards to livestock.
Desicn Criteria Troufh or Tank
The trouph or tank shall have aderuate capacity to ireet the water require-
ments of the livestock it is to serve. This will include the storage
volume necessary to carry over between periods of replenishment. The site
shall be well drained and areas adiacent to the trouph or tank that will
be trampled by livestock shall be traveled, paved or otherwise treated
to provide firm footing. Automatic water level control and overflow
facilities shall be provided. Overflow shall be piped to a desirable
roint of release. The cuality and durability of all materials shall be
in keeping with the planned useful life of the installation.
Desioyi Criteria Livestock Watering Ramp
The livestock watering ramp will be located on a flowing stream or a pond
with* water of satisfactory cualit^ and ouantitv for the number of livestock
June 1973
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614-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
to be watered during the season of use. The minimum width will be 10
feet and the maximum slope will be 4:1. The watering ramp sliall be fenced
in such a ranner to keep livestock from the stream or pond proper. All
construction will be done in a manner that will reduce erosion to a
rninimum during and after construction. The ramp and all areas that
livestock have access to will be graveled or paved or otherwise treated
to provide firm footing. All other disturbed areas will be seeded.
Soecifications
Specifications shall be in keeping x^ith the preceding standard, shall
describe the requirements for proper installation of the practice to
achieve its intended purpose, and shall include consideration of the
following items:
The foundation area shall be cleared of all material not suit-
able for the suberade.
The foundation area in the immediately surrounding area shall
be smoothed and graded to permit free drainare of surface water.
.All materials, placement, anchoring, proportioning, and protec-
tion shall Ise as shown on the-plans. '
All backfill for underground pipes shall be compacted to the
degree reauired to prevent cavino- subsequent to construction.
All construction shall be performed in a workmanlike manner
and the job shall have a neat appearance when finished.
Cost-Sharing
Cost-share v.tien planned and installed according to the above specifications
will be as follows:
1. Trough or Tank
Cost-share will be 70 percent of the actual cost not to
exceed 70 percent of the estimated cost.
2. Watering Ramp
Cost-share will be 70 percent of the actual material and in-
stallation costs not to exceed 70 percent of the estimated cost.
Junel973
-------
61H-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Unit Price = $300.00 per installation
Maximum Cost Share = $210.00 per installation
Practice will be eligible for payment when the watering facility
is completed.
June 1973
-------
«*78-l
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
H78 MINIMUM TILLAGE
Definition
Limiting the number of cultural operations to those that are properly
timed and essential to produce a crop and prevent soil damage.
Purpose
To improve soil structure, reduce soil compaction, erosion and production
costs and make possible timely field operations for planting and harvesting
a crop.
Where Applicable
On all cropland.
Speci fi cations
The land involved must be protected by winter cover, or crop residue, or
other permitted management methods from fall harvest through the winter
to the time of authorized tillage in the spring.
Eligible tillage operations are:
1. Zero-tillage, slot planting, and no-till (includes
planting into sod).
2. Strip tillage
3. Till-plant
4. Chisel tillage
5. Combinations of no-plow systems
Cost share payment will not be made on acreage where a moldboard plow
is used.
All tillage operations must be performed as nearly as practi-
cable on the contour or parallel to terraces where feasible and
needed.
June 1973
-------
H78-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Chemicals used in performing this practice must be Federally and
locally registered and must be applied strictly in accordance with
authorized registered uses, directions on the label, and other
Federal or State policies and requirements.
Methods
1. Zero Tillage, Slot Planting and No-Till (include planting into sod)
Crop residue is left on the surface from the prior crop. It may be
shredded in the fall, winter, or spring prior to planting. In some
instances, it may be left unshredded.
The seedbed is prepared by breaking the soil with a coulter, single
chisel, or similiar tool. Seedbed preparation and planting are done
in one operation.
A protective cover of crop residue is left on the soil surface be-
tween the crop rows during the growing season.
The quantity of residue needed on the soil surface is determined by
use of the Universal Soil Loss Equation ("C" factor for 90% covered).
There is no more than one cultivation. (No cultivation should be
used unless weeds are a problem).
2. Strip Tillage
Crop residue is left on the soil surface from the prior crop. It may
be shredded in fall, winter, or spring prior to planting. Is some
instances, it may be left unshredded.
A seedbed is prepared by a rotary tool or similar type equipment that
mixes the soil and residue in an area not to exceed 1/3 the width
between the crop rows. The remainder of the area is left untilled.
Seedbed preparation and planting are accomplished in one operation.
A protective cover of crop residue is left on the surface of the un-
tilled area during the growing season.
The quality of residue needed on the soil surface is determined by
use of the Universal Soil Loss Equation ("C" factor for 66% covered).
There is no more than one cultivation. (No cultivation should be
used unless weeds are a problem.
Contouring is necessary on slopes that normally require contouring
with conventional tillage.
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SWCD
3. Till Unt
Crop residue is left on the soil surface from the prior crop. It may
be shredded in the fall, winter, or spring prior to planting. In some
instanced, it nay be left unshredded.
The seedbed is prepared by scalping the area of the crop rw, pushing
soil and residue to the row middles. Seedbed preparation and planting
are completed in one operation.
A protective cover of crop residue is mixed with and left on the sur-
face soil layer between the crop rows during the growing season. Soil
•orotection is provided by the ccnbined effects of a rough, cloddy
surface and crop residue.
The quantity of residue needed on the soil surface is determined by
use of the Universal Soil Loss Equation ("C" factor for 66% covered).
There is no more than one cultivation.
Contouring is necessary on slopes that normally require contouring
with conventional tillage.
Chisel Tillage
Crop residue is left on the soil surface from the prior crop, it may
be shredded in the fall, winter, or spring prior to planting. In
some instances it may be left unshredded.
A seedbed is prepared by chiseling for, primary tillage without in-
version of the soil. Chiseling may be done in the fall, winter,
or spring prior to planting. Secondary tillage may be one strip
only with disc or sweeps. Seedbed preparation and planting may or
may not be accomplished in the same secondary tillage operation.
A protective cover of crop residue is left on the soil surface during
the growing season. Soil protection is provided by the combined
effects of a rough, cloddy surface and crop residue.
The quantity of residue needed on the soil surface is determined by
use of the Universal Soil Loss Equation. (Use the "C" factor for
66% covered, even though some residue will be found on the entire
surface area) .
There is no more than one cultivation.
Contouring is necessary on slopes that normally require contouring
with conventional tillage.
June 1973
-------
478-i* Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
5. Any combination of no-plow systems which leaves 2/3 of the soil
surface rough and with residue cover until July 1, and is planted
on contour if required conventionally. Soil loss is within the
linit required by the Universal Soil Loss Equation.
nuidelines for use of Conservation Tillage Systems
1. Zero tillage and rotary strip tillage (where all crop residues are
left on the soil surface and no primary tillage is done) are not
recommended to be used on less than well drained soils. In the
northern 1/3 of Indiana these practices are better suited to coarse
and moderately coarse textured soils that are somewhat excessively
to excessively drained than to medium textured, well drained soils.
2. The till-plant system is not recommended to be used on undulating
soils where contouring is not feasible. Till planting works best
in a performed ridge.
3. A disk should not be used in the fall as a primary tillage tool
or bean ground. If bean ground is disked, it should only be done
in the spring.
U. The no-plow tillage systems are not recommended to be used where
Johnsongrass is a problem.
5. Where cultivation is done, rollinp or disk hiller type cultivators
will be needed for zero tillage, strip tillage, and till planting,
and may be needed for chisel tillage if stocks are not chopped.
6. Assistance of the Cooperative Extension Service should be secured
in the use of herbicides and insecticides and for fertilizer recom-
mendations .
Cost-Sharing
Cost-share, when planned and applied according to the above specifications,
will be 80% of the average cost of $6.50 per acre.
Unit Price = $6.50 per acre
Maximum Cost-Share = $5.20 per acre
Practice will be eligible for payment on August 1, (after the crop
is too big to be cultivated).
June 1973
-------
510-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
510 PASTUKE AND HAYLAND MANAGEMENT (Acres)
Definition
Proper treatment and use of pastureland or hayland.
Purpose
1. Prolong the life of desirable species.
2. Maintain or improve the quantity and quality of forages.
3. Provide soil protection and reduce water loss.
4. Provide for the needs and desires of the landowner for forage pro-
duction and economic return.
Where Applicable
On all pastureland and hayland.
Specifications
Pastureland
1. Grazing at the proper time.
a. Delay grazing in the spring until the soil is firm and the
forage attains proper growth stage. Spring grazing may be
started:
When Bluegrass is H"-5", tall and soil is firm.
When orchardgrass or tall fescue is 8 inches tall.
When smooth bromegrass or timothy is 8 inches tall and before
jointing or between early head and full head.
When birdsfoot trefoil is 6-8 inches high.
When alfalfa is in full bud.
June 1973
-------
510-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SWCD
Grazing will be rotated when prasses are crazed down to 3 indies or
higher.
Under extensive grazinp systems (continuous grazing) the pasture prasses
will not be prazed closer than an averape of 3 inches.
2. Grazing with the proper amount of livestock.
a. The number of livestock crazed is in keepinp with the expected
yield.
b. Refer to Apronomy Technical Notes 2 and 3 for puidelines on
prazinp with the proper amount of livestock.
3. Treatinp with Needed Soil Amendments to Maintain Stand and Obtain
Desired Production.
a. Liminp and Fertilizinp - apply accordinp to results of soil test.
b, Mow, as needed, to control weeds and brush and to provide more
uniform, reprowth and prazinp,.
Hayland
1. Cuttinp at Proper Growth Stape - refer to Apronony Technical Note
3 for guidelines.
2. Treatinp with Needed Soil Amendments to "Maintain Stand and Obtain
Desired Production.
a. Liminp and fertilizing -aoply according to results of soil test,
Cost-Sharinp
Cost-share, when planned and carried out accordinr to the above specifi-
cations, will be 65% of the averape cost of $18.00 per acre.
Unit Price = $18.00 per acre
Maximum Cost-Share = $11.70 per acre
Practice is eligible for payment after any needed lime and fertilizer
is applied and prazinp heipht has been inspected.
June 1973
-------
512-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
512 PASTUBE AND HAYLAND PLANTING (Acres)
Definition
Establishing and re-establishing long-term stands of adapted species
of perennial, biennial or reseeding forage plants. (Includes
Pasture and Hayland Renovation, does not include Grassed Waterway
or Outlet on Cropland).
Purpose
To serve as ground cover for soil protection, produce high quality
forage and to adjust land use.
Where Applicable
On existing pasture and hayland or on land that is converted from
other uses.
Specifications
1. On sloping land with a serious erosion potential use mulch
seeding methods and perform all fitting and seeding operations
on the contour. Where necessary to eliminate present cover
competition when preparing a mulch seedbed, start seedbed
preparation in late summer for spring seedings and in early
spring for fall seedings.
2. On fairly level land conventional seedbed preparation can be
used.
3. The seedbed should be firm, containing enough fine soil
particles for uniform shallow coverage of the seed.
Liming, Fertilizing and Seeding
1. Apply lime and fertilizer according to needs determined by
soil test.
2. For spring seeding, seed as early as possible. Make fall seed-
ings during August, In some instances it may be advisable to
use one bushel of oats as a companion crop to help control
erosion and weed growth in spring seedings.
June 1973
-------
512-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
3. Cover the seed 1/U to 1/2 inch deep by hand seeding with press
wheels, use of a cultipacker seeder or by cultipacking before
and after seeding.
U. Use seeding mixtures, rates and dates for different species by
soil groups as shown in the following table or the attached
sheet of seeding mixtures adapted to this work unit.
Management the seeding year
1. Mow or graze the companion crop when 10 inches in height to
reduce competition with the new seeding.
2. If necessary to control weeds, mew or graze to a height of
6-8 inches. Do not graze during period 8 weeks prior to
first hard frost nor during the dormant period in fall of
the seeding year.
Directions for selecting mixtures from the seed mixture chart;
In any vertical column use all amounts which are not in parenthesis.
When parenthesized figures are listed, add only one parenthesized
amount.
Mixtures 8 and 11 are well adapted for horse pastures.
Mixture *t is adapted to special situations where spring seeding is
done in anticipation of current year harvest. Applies only to
fairly non-erosive sites with a very high management level.
Mixture 1H is adapted for hog pasture to be used on level land
only.
Grass alone would generally be used in special situations: i.e,
tall fescue for winter pasture, any grass where a large amount of
nitrogen is a by-product, as in a poultry operation.
When use of a mixture is in question, check plant adaptation on
the chart following this chart.
June 1973
-------
512-3
Blade Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
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June 1973
-------
512-H
Instructions for use of the chart below:
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
The figure 1 indicates the plant is well adapted, 2 indicates
plant can be used but is less well adapted and a blank space
indicates that it is not adapted or not suggested for use.
Birdsfoot trefoil is well adapted.
Smooth bromegrass is well adapted.
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June 1973
-------
512-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Cos't-Sharinp;
Cost-share, when planned and carried out in accordance with the above
sr>ecif5cations, will be 70% of the average cost of $70.00 per acre.
Results of laboratory soil test and evidence that line and fertilizer
applications were nade in accordance with the test results will be
docurented.
Unit Price = $70.00 per acre
"axirruin Copt-Share = $U9.00 per acre
Practice is elirihle for parent when the oractice seedinr is
completed.
June 1973
-------
378-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
378 POND (Number)
Definition
A water impoundment made by constructing a dam or embankment. An exca-
vated pond will be acceptable only when the primary use is for livestock
water.
Purpose
Ponds are constructed to provide water for livestock, flood water de-
tension and sediment control.
Pond Size Minimums
All ponds will have a minimum of 1/2 acre surface area. The dam or embank-
ment will have minimum height of four feet above the present ground level.
The watershed will be a minimum of 5 acres. All ponds with a watershed
between five and ten acres will be constructed with a 6" trickle tube.
A minimum of one foot of storage, between flowline of trickle tube and
flowline of emergency spillway, will be required. Ponds with over 10
acres of watershed will be designed according to Engineering Memo IN-7.
This standard establishes the minimum acceptable quality for the design
and construction of class (a) ponds located in predominantly rural or
agricultural areas when:
1. Failure of the structure would not result in loss of life; in
damage to homes, commercial or industrial buildings, main high-
ways, or railroads, or in interruption of the use of service of
public utilities.
2. The product of the storage times the effective height of the dam
does not exceed 3,000 where the storage is defined as the original
volume (acre-foot) in the reservoir at the elevation of the crest
of the emergency spillway and the effective height of the dam is
defined as the difference in elevation (feet) between the emergency
spillway crest and the lowest point in the cross section taken
along the centerlines of the dam.
June 1973
-------
378-2 31ack Creek Six-1-
Standards and Spe.'ii-'
3, The vertical distance between the lowest point along the center
line of the dam and the crest of the emergency spillway doe j.-
exceed 20 feet.
H. Hie storage in the reservoir at the elevation of the crest c; ,
emergency spillway does not exceed 100 acre- feet: or
5. Drainage area does not exceed 30 acres.
6. The ratio of pond area to drainage area falls within the foil •*
guidelines :
a. For slowly permeable soils havinp slopes neater <:nan
seven (7) percent (such as Fairmount, St. Clair rina
other Hydrologic Group C6D Soils) not less than 1:^ or
more than 1:20.
b, For moderately permeable soils (such as Cincinnati . ".;~--^,
Alford, Meta and other Hydrologic Group 3&C Soils) an.^
slowly permeable soils with less than seven (?) pe-ctv.
slopes not less than 1:6 or more than 1:2C«
c. For permeable soils, (such as Sloomfield, Oak* own and
other Hydrologic Group A Soils ) not less than 1 , 10 or
more than 1:30.
Structures exceeding the scope of this standard shall be desipr-
in accordance with latest design criteria anc approved by an e;i;
classified to approve the size of the job. Construction" riant:.
structure exceeding the scope of iteins 1 through ;j above ;~nail .
given to the landowner for submission to the Indiana Natural PC
sources Commission for its approval before construction bepinr
Conditions Where Practice Ajy ie-.-
Site Conditions
Site conditions shall be such that the peak ,^ate of runoff that car; be
expected to occur once in 25 years can be safely passed through (1; a
natural or constructed emergency spillway, or (2) a combination of a
orincipal structural spillway and an emergency spillway, except that a
storm of 10-year-frequency may be used for drainage areas less than
20 acres in size.
Drainage Area
The drainage area above the pond must be protected against erosion to
the extent that expected normal sedimentation will not shorten the
olanned effective life of the structure. It is desirable to have
June 1973
-------
378-3 Black Creel; Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
at least fifty (50) percent cover. * Jhen any part of the drainage
area is in cropland it shall be protected by adequate conservation
practices to hold soil losses within the allowable soil loss limits.
Ponds shall be protected fron contaminations from barnyards, septic
tanks or other sources when such contaminations would be incompatible
with the planned use.
Depth
The topography and soils of the site shall permit storage of water at
a detrth and volume which will insure a dependable supply, considering
beneficial use, sedimentation, season of use, and evaporation and
seepage losses.
Minimum, depth shall be 8 feet over at least 25 percent of pond or
pit area at permanent water level, or where underlyinf rock prevents
excavation to that depth, a minimum of 6 feet over at least 50 percent
of the area.
When the prirary purpose is for fish production, at least 75 percent
of the shoreline shall be steepened to a slope of 3:1 or steeper to
a depth of 3 feet below permanent pool level. Excess excavated material
may be used to construct earth Dishing piers into the pond.
Foundation
The area on which a dan is to be placed shall consist of material
that has sufficient bearing strength to support the dam without
excessive consolidation. The foundation must consist of or be under-
lain by relatively impervious material which will prevent excess
passape of water.
Peservpir Area
Where surface runoff is the prirary source of water for a pond, the
soils shall be impervious enounh to prevent excessive seepage losses,
or shall be of a type that sealing is practicable.
Ponds shall have a minimum surface area of 0.5 acres. This size pond
may be stocked with two or rare species of fish.
June 1973
-------
378-u Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Soil and Foundation Investigation
Investigation shall be made of the fill site, pool area, and borrow
areas to determine if the requirements listed above -under Depth,
Foundation, and Reservoir Areas can be met.
In addition to the above,investigation shall be in sufficient detail
to determine that adequate borrow is available,that the emergency spill-
way can be excavated as planned, and that the rrechanical spillway found-
ation is suitable.
Vegetation
On Bitoankrent Ponds, a protective cover of vegetation shall be established
on all exposed surfaces of the embankment, spillway, borrow, and spoil
areas. Provide a strip of permanent vegetation extending 50 feet from
the waterline on the sides of the pond and 100 feet on the upstream and
where physically possible on Embankment Ponds. On Excavated Ponds,
provide an adjacent area equal to two times the areas of the water sur-
face. Develop these areas with plantings compatible to wildlife in-
cluding both woody and herbaceous plants suggested in specification
"Critical Area Planting" (342), "Recreation Area Planting" (562), and
"Wildlife Upland Habitat Management" (645). Mowing should be restricted
to 501 of the grassy area, thereby providing varied types of food and
cover throughout the year.
Fencing
General
Ponds shall be adequately fenced when necessar; "o zrrtwii ? =n>-
damage. Fencing will be done according to specifications 1-Bk (fencing.
Excavated Ponds
Tiie fence shall be at least 10 feet from trdf .= of rn« pir ?;i_ep-_
the approach slope for livestock watering -/its. '.vhe*~ atock are vatcrrea
directly from the pit, the fence shall extend across the ramp in tc tne
pond.
Embankment Ponds
When used for livestock water, the entire fill, spillways and pond
area shall be fenced to exclude livestock. The fence shall not be
closer to water than 50 feet on each side and 100 feet on the upstream
sr.iv.-c. Watering, facilities for stock shall be provided outside the
June 1973
-------
378-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Clearinp
Part of the pool area may be left uncleared for fish and wildlife
habitat.
EMBANKMENT PONDS
Design Criteria
General
Design criteria for ponds depend on such factors as drainape area,
height of dam, depth of water to be impounded, surface area of pond
and hazard to life and property in case of failure.
Design Hydrology
The minimum frequency design shall be selected from the standards
outlined in Engineering Memorandum - INDIANA-7. Peak discharges
and runoff volumes shall be determined by methods outlined in the SCS
Engineering Field Manual.
Foundation Cutoff
A cutoff of relatively impervious material shall be provided under
the dam. The cutoff shall extend along the centerline of the dam
and it abutments as required and be deep enough to extend into a
relatively impervious layer. Where the foundation consists of re-
latively impervious material, a minimum cutoff trench of 2 foot
depth shall be excavated. Where the possibility of drain tile
exists the cutoff should be deep enough to intercept them.
The cutoff shall have a bottom width of not less than 8 feet and side
slopes of 1:1 or flatter. Wider bottom widths to accomodate the
equipment used for excavation, backfill, and compaction operations
may be used. The most impervious material available shall be used
to backfill the cutoff trench and tc construct the core of dam.
Top Width
The minimum top width of the dam shall be 10 feet.
Side Slopes
The combined upstream and downstream side slopes of the settled em-
bankment shall not be less than 5 horizontal to 1 vertical with the
front slope never steeper than 2-1/2:1, and the back slope never
steeper than 2:1.
June 1973
-------
378-6 Black f
Standard? air
.reeboard
Trie rajiinijr elevation of the top of the settled e^bi; ->or - - a
1 foot above the water surface in the resevoir v:ith + he er-sr"ar'
incr at desim de:oth.
r Settlement
The desirn heirht of the dan shall be increased h" the aroint nc-.-
to insure that the deq.irn top elevation ^11 IT maintained a^tcv
settlement lias tahen ^lace. Tbiir, incro.ane shall not be less *rhr-r
percent.
Pipe Conduit"
A pipe conduit, r^'th needed aonurtpnrnce, ~ -?."! "' - -"'
throurh the dar" eyceot where the ^"^^'r.ar0 "••'«;>-' •' . •
through a roob ""ill:--a''.
conduit nho]
"- "n « c^nt n\ iou'~ or
* '- " -~ r-^ -^~r-i-> ri^ i>s- f^ -i
~: cher "'."'" c
'/•'" conduit diameter is 10 inches or
r. crnsir.e^cd in caLcul^T"":'.^ t'"i° "i^a1
is designed as a ^rinc.i^al "
or ri^-er" rhall be such that "•il" ~]cv" ''.'.71 "r"ir; generatec1 ;n the v,-~;rp!""'.
before there dr 'isoh,-ir~-v t^.T'"*'!1"""' *"' '• c?^' ~" r'ZZ;^' ""it1 ^ "''inirn'ir0
difference in elevation oc or.° root.
The invert o^ hooded Jnletn nh.ill be not lenr; th.a?i 1.8 tiroes the
d.i.-'rerer of the conrluit be]oT' the o^^st of the er-er r c-ncv or eart'h ^~~
'.js'" r;i.th f> r^'nii^up di^eT'ence rf 1 coot.
Trie5 rir.er or inlet '-.'5.11 be ^mt^cto'1 fror ice and ^lo-itir.^ debr?'^ v-"'
t;b.e ^eni— circvilar l>eTT! °r nc^t le^1"", than 4 "^et ^roni fie ri.C:C.r. ""•-• "v
i .~ r tce"r)r3rTv' T,;hen a liooded n"nlet ir ue~-d but th.o "'r."ert o17 f~e hoc> ";•?'
"inlet shal] ^ro'iect one (1) foot ! er,'ond the fill s3oro,
June 1973
-------
378-7 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Pipe Materials
The following materials are acceptable: Cast-iron, wrought iron,
steel, corrugated metal, asbestos-cement, concrete, and rubber
gasket vitrified clay. All pipe joints shall be made watertight
by the use of watertight couplings or gaskets or by welding or
caulking. Asbestos-cement, concrete, and vitrified clay pipe shall
be laid in a concrete bedding. All pipe shall be capable of with-
standing the external loading.
Riser or Inlets
Risers or inlets for pipe conduits may be reinforced concrete, con-
crete blocks, concrete culvert pipe, vitrifiedclay pipe, steel pipe
or corrugated metal pipe. All risers will be equiped with anti-vertex
baffles. Hooded inlets may also be used. When round risers are used,
an 18-inch diameter riser shall be used for 12-inch diameter and smaller
conduit, and 21-inch diameter riser used for 15-inch diameter conduit.
Risers shall have a height adequate to insure full pipe flow in the
barrel. Concrete culvert pipe risers shall have the bell or groove
end of the pipe up. All pipe risers shall have an extra foot of
length below the invert of the conduit and be filled with concrete
to invert of conduit. When concrete or vitrified clay pipe is used
for the conduit, concrete shall also be placed around the*outside of
the riser enclosing the first joint of the conduit.
Outlets
The outlet for pipe conduits may be a propped outlet or a reinforced
concrete outlet. The outlet section shall be a minimum of 20 feet
long. The prop should be 8 feet from outlet end. An exception may
be made when the pipe is not more than one (1) foot above the grade
of the original channel bottom, and is supported by a compacted berm
extending to within four (4) feet of the end of the pipe.
A concrete outlet will not be used unless it has been determined that
the grade below the outlet is stable and will not scour.
Anti-seep Collars
Anti-seep collars shall be installed around all pipe conduits within
the normal saturation zone.
The anti-seep collars and their connections to the pipe shall be water-
tight. ^The maximum spacing shall be approximately 14 times the minimum
projection of the collar, measured perpendicular to the pipe. The first
anti-seep collar to be placed approximately between the centerline of the
fill and the upstream edge of the top of the fill but not more than 20
feet, downstream from the pipe inlet.
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. Sv.'CD
/- drain po-pe vzth a suitable valve shall Le orcvided T./here the ^rinary
•:ur:r>se in '"or fish rana^err.ent, recreation, or to control acuati.c
vaterweeds. The pine conduit ray be used ~<° a drain vhen GO located
-=i~ to accomplish this ^unction. The drain chou.ld he lar/~ con-
nected to c? tan}; outr.ide the ^enced rond ar.d fill area. 'Tnen ;^i
is laid under or thrcu^h the iTni^anJ-Tient, th.e pipe r-.7ill be lad-.'.
in a trench. , and have at leant 2 anti-seep collars of at lea;.-t
15 incher. in diameter. '""r-<-> trench -alls ihall 1-e sloped, an."
fill care^ull" har/1 f.-ir^x^'.
2. / netal o^ '-la"tic "'-h^n ':ith -vlve (usin^ same sine o? ">ipc-- •*"
f^ivcr in 1 above) "'aV r^ve^ th« rill =ir.d ^erranently connected LO
'V----:r -;r\ .c:!-' 1;c -^er 1?-.
The s*r"1:e* rb.T.11 inc:!'.1.^" j;- in.1'0t fi.Iter anf--^rc-^ 3-ilb--T-: "hall hiv^ a t
••):..' !e ." ccat-"; 3 ~'.r -•.r;d''sturbe'-:' ;-^ corpactod ear
-"vi"1] he: rt?hle fr.r t^o "-•fv"J u in -/rr'O'i tiK- -
sat not lesr; than ?;1 except • 'h'jn ci;f ir rock.
^o- -bil or or,:: ;;a<"t-'rr
T' .o ride slo-e^,
l-.^a" in constructed:,
-------
378-9 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Component Parts
Constructed spillways shall have an inlet channel and an exit channel.
Upstream from the control section the inlet channel shall be level
for ~the distance needed to protect and maintain the crest elevation
of the spillway. The inlet channel nay be curved to fit existing
topography.
The grade of the exit channel if a constructed spillway shall fall
within the range established by discharge requirements and permissible
velocities. It shall terminate at a point well removed from any
part of the embankment where the design flow may be discharged without
damage to the earth embankment.
EXCAVATED PONDS
Design Criteria
General
This type of reservoir is generally constructed in flat land areas
where an Embankment Pond is not feasible. The water supply is ob-
tained from underground seepage, high water table, springs, tile
lines or surface runoff. An adequate water supply which will maintain
desired water level in pond must be assured. When used for livestock
water, the water level shall not be more than four feet below surface
of ground.
Depth
An exception to the depth requirements shown on page 3 may be made if
the water supply is derived from seeps or spring flows. In this case
the pit must have a depth of at least U feet over 25 percent of the
pit area.
Side Slopes
Side slopes of excavated ponds shall be such that they will be stable
and ?!iall not be steeper than the minimum side slopes shown on table
following. Where livestock will water directly from the pond, a watering
ramp with a minimum width of 10 feet shall be provided. The ramp
shall extend to the anticipated low water elevation at a uniform slope
no steeper than 4:1.
dine 1973
-------
378-10
Black Creek Study !:•-
Standards and Spec? ficario:
Mien Co. L><
TYPE OF SOIL
MINIMUM SIDE SLOPE
Peat and Muck
Fine Sand
Coarse Sand and Gravel
Silt Loam
Sandy Loam
Clay Loam
1:1
2-1/2:1
2:1
2;1
2:1
1-1/2 Jl
Vhere surface water enters the pond in a natural or cxc
-------
378-11 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Cost Sharing
1. Earth moving, clearing, and materials and installation of
mechanical spillways, stock watering systems and fences.
Cost share, when planned and constructed according to the
above specifications will be 60 percent of the actual costs
of the pond not to exceed 60 percent of the specified maximum
cost of $3,000.00 per pond.
When the pond is constructed after September 30 - a dormant seeding
or a spring seeding is required. All disturbed areas will be
mulched with straw at the rate of 1-1/2 ton per acre or 2 bales
per 1000 sq. ft.
For a dormant seeding, seed will be applied sometime between
December 10 - and February 28. Lime, fertilizer and mulch will
be applied after construction and before seeding.
For a spring seeding the area will be reworked by discing and
the seed applied. Additional mulch will be applied at the rate
of 1-1/2 ton per acre or 2 bales per 1000 sq. ft.
Cost share rate = $1,800 per pond
2. Seeding disturbed areas.
Cost share, when planned and carried out according to the above
specifications, will be 50 percent of the actual cost not to exceed
50 percent of the specified maximum cost of $150.00 per acre.
All seedings will be mulched with 1-1/2 ton of straw per acre or
2 bales per 1000 sq. ft.
Cost share rate = $75.00 per acre
NOTE: Cost share will not be allowed for single purpose recreation
or wildlife excavated ponds.
Practice will be eligible for cost share when the pond and
seeding is completed.
June 1973
-------
378-12 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Construction Note
The drop inlet tvbe shall be installed as the dam is being constructed.
As the dan is beinp constructed the fill shall not exceed the planned
top elevation of the conduit before the pipe is installed. The fill
will then be compacted around the tube and antiseep collarKs) at least
2 feet, either by hand or mechanical compaction and then proceed with
final fill. No compaction or backfilling shall be done with frozen
material.
Cost Sharing
1. Earth moving, clearing, and materials and installation of
mechanical spillways, stock watering systems and fences.
Cost share, when planned and constructed according to the
above specifications will be 60 percent of the actual costs
of the pond not to exceed 60 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $3,000.00 per pond
Maximum Cost Share = $1,800.00 per pond
2, Seeding disturbed areas
\Jhen the pond is constructed after September 30 - a dormant
seeding or a spring seeding is required. All disturbed areas
will be nulched with straw at the rate of 1-1/2 ton per acre
or 2 bales per 1000 sq. ft.
For a dormant seeding, seed will be applied sonetime between
December 10, and February 28. Lime, fertilizer and mulch will
be applied after construction and before seeding.
For a spring- seeding the area will be reworked, by discing and
the seed applied. Additional mulch will be applied at the rate
of 1-1/2 ton per acre or 2 bales per 1000 sq» ft.
All seedings will be mulched with 1-1/2 ton of straw per acre or
2 bales per 1000 sq. ft.
Cost share, when planned and carried out accordinp to the above
specifications, will be 50 percent of the actual cost not to
exceed 50 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $150.00 per acre
naximum Cost Sjiare - •$75.00 per acre
NOTE: Cost share will not be allowed for single purpose recreation
or wildlife excavated ponds.
Practice will be eligible for cost share when the pond and
"• • i
-------
689-1
31ack Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
689 LAND PROTECTED DURING DEVELOPMENT (Number 6 Acres)
Definition
•»;atrr>ent based on a plan to control erosion and sediment during dev-
elopment for residential, commercial - industrial, community services,
t ;jTSportation, routes or utility uses.
Purpose
To reduce erosion and sedimentation during the period of land develop-
ment. This practice includes timely installation of single or a com-
bination of temporary or permanent vegetative or mechanical conservation
measures»
Where Applicable
Land protection measures include: Diversions, interceptor berms, swale
grading, sediment or debris basins, blind surface inlets (french drains),
critical area protection, mulching, etc.
Specifications
An individual plan will be prepared indicating the seasonal period when
development land is to receive cut-fill operations, vegetative stripping,
swale grading operations, etc. All land thus disturbed or otherwise
exposed to weather will be treated (or seasonal modifications to this
plan made) according to the attached guide.
This practice may involve a combination of temporary and permanent
practices. For individual practice specifications refer to: Critical
Area Planting (342); Diversions (362); Grade Stabilization Structures
(410); Grass Waterway (412); Land Smoothing (466); Recreation Area Im-
provement (562); Sediment Control Basin (350); Streambank Protection
(580); Surface Drains (590); Terraces (604); Tile Drains (606); and
Woodland Improvement (666).
Cost Sharing
Individual conservation practices as listed above under "specifications"
will be cost shared as a unit under this practice.
Cost share, when needed measures are planned and .carried out in the proper
season, and in accordance with the standards and specifications for the
June 1973
-------
689-2 Black Creek Study Art.
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
individual practices, will be 75% of the actual cost not to exceed
75% of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $100.00 per acre
Kaxiroum Cost Share = $75.00 per acre
Practice is eligible for payment when all necessary work has been
completed.
June 1973
-------
562-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
562 RECREATION AREA IMPROVEMENT (Acres)
Definition
Establishing grasses, legumes, vines, shrubs, trees, or other plants
or selectively reducing stand density and trimming woody plants to
improve an area for recreation.
Purpose
To increase the attractiveness and usefullness of recreation areas
and protect the soil and plant resources.
Planting of vegetative materials for wind protection, shade screens,
ornamentation, and resistance to heavy human traffic, including
secondary benefits of wildlife food and cover.
Thinning and pruning of natural or planted shrubs and trees to pro-
vide space for recreational activities, allow air and sun penetra-
tion, remove hazardous materials and yet keep aesthetically valuable
trees or shrubs.
Where Applicable
On any area planned for recreational or recreation-wildlife use.
Specifications
I. Establishing Plants:
A. Grasses and Legumes - applicable only in open and partially
shaded areas.
Seedbed Preparation
1. Shallow plow or use heavy disk, field cultivator or
similiar type tool.
2. Where trees are present, care should be taken to not
cut too deep and cause tree root injury.
3. Prepare a firm seedbed, containing enough fine soil
particles for uniform shallow coverage of the seed.
June 1973
-------
562-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
LimJiig, Fertilizing and Seeding
1. Apply lime and ferilizer according to needs determined by a
soil test. Without a soil test, use a minimum of 500 pounds
12-12-12 fertilizer, or equivalent, per acre.
2. Cover seed about 1/H to 1/2 inch deep in a compact seedbed.
Shallow depth (1/U inch) is better for bluegrass.
3. For spring seedings, seed as early as a seedbed can be prepared
(March, April). Make fall seedings during August, or to Sept-
ember 10.
1. On areas where vegetation is difficult to establish or subject
to erosion, straw mulch at 1-1/2 tons per acre (70 pounds per
1,000 square feet) may be necessary to insure satisfactory
stand establishment and early soil protection.
June 1973
-------
TABLE I - Recreation Area Seeding Guide
to
-j
10
Primary Use of Area
Parking Lots (Unaurfaced)
Land Sports (Athletic fields,
playgrounds, hard-use areas)
Recreation areas surrounding
heavy use areas
Golf Courses (fairways, roughs)
Picnic, camp & scenic areas
Open Sunlight
Partial Shade
Lawns and Lavn-type areas
Open Sunlight
Partial Shade
Temporary lawn cover (to be
destroyed and re-seeded later)
Species
Tall Fescue
Tall Fescue
Tall Fescue
Ky. Bluegrass
Tall Fescue
Ky. Bluegrass
Tall Fescue
Ky. Bluegrass
Tall Fescue
Creeping Red Fescue
Ky. Bluegrass
Creeping Red Fescue
Bluegrass Blends
Bluegrass Blends 90%
Redtop 10%
Creeping Red Fescue
Ky. Bluegrass or
Bluegrass Blends
Rye grass 90%
Redtop 10%
Seeding Rate
Lbs/
Acre
40
40
25
15
25
30-40
15-20
15-20
15-20
15-20
15-20
15-20
Lbs/
1000 S.F.
1
1
5/8
3/8
5/8
3/4-1
3/8-1/2
3/8-1/2
3/8-1/2
3/8-1/2
3/8-1/2
3/8-1/2
2
2
2
2-3
Suitable
pH
5.4-7.5
5.4-7.5
5.8-7.5
5.4-7.5
5.8-7.5
5.8-7.5
5.5-7.5
5.8-7.5
5.8-7.5
5.8-7.5
5.8-7.5
5.5-7.5
* Site Suitability
Droughty
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Well
Drained
1
1
1
1
1
1
i
1
1
1
1
1
Wet
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
en
O>
K>
co
* I/ Preferred; 2J Will tolerate
-------
562-4 Black Creek Study Areas
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
I. A. (Cont'd.)
Maintenance
1. To maintain vigorous cover, make an annual application
of fertilizer high in nitrogen.
2. Re-seed or sod areas of high intensity use to maintain
adequate cover as the need arises.
3. Frequency and height of mowing will depend upon use of
the area.
B. Trees, Shrubs, and Vines to be used for:
1. Windbreaks on north and/or west sides of area.
2. Erosion control plantings.
3. Screens to hide unsightly views and serve as sound barriers.
**. Barriers to seperate various uses, and help direct foot
traffic.
5. Provide additional shade and ornamental species.
6. Introduction of plants to attract song birds and other
forms of wildlife.
Planting Materials
1. All "bare rooted" plants should be planted in spring, as
early as the condition of the soil will allow, March,
April and before May 15 unless stock has been held back
in cold storage. Balled-burlaped stock may also be planted
in fall during October, November and early December.
2. Woody planting materials may be seedlings, transplants,
rooted cuttings, or balled-burlaped stock.
Adapted Species for recreation areas are listed in Table II
as follows:
June 1973
-------
562-5
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SV/CD
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June 1973
-------
TABLE II (Cont'd.)
H
co
•vl
CO
Purpose, Use, and
Aesthetic Value
Fruiting
VEGETATIVE BARRIER
AND WILDLIFE
SCREENS AND BORDERS
Evergreen d/
GROUND COVER
Semi evergreen
(broad leaf)
Species
Crab apple
Blackhaw
Cranberry, highbush
Autumn Olive
Honeysuckle, bush
Multiflora Rose
White Pine
Virginia Pine
Red Pine
Hemlock
Yew
Autumn Olive
Cranberry,
highbush
Lespedeza, bicolor
var. Natob
Multiflora Rose
privet, sp.
Honeysuckle, bush
Hawthorne ,
Washington
Euonynus Winter-
creeper
Ground Myrtle
Jap. Honeysuckle
Spacing
Varied
Varied
Varied
Varied
Varied
I1
6-8 f
6-8'
6-8'
2-3'
2-3'
A1
3-4 •
1*5-2
1«
2'
3-4'
4-6'
2— •
-3*
2'
3-6'
Growth
Rate b/
Height
S 20-30'
S 15-20'
F 6-10'
M 8-14'
M 6-16'
M 6-10'
M Top and
F shear
M at
S desired
VS height.
M 8-14'
F 6-10'
F 4-8'
M 6-10'
F 6-10'
M 6-16'
M 6-16'
F 2' he
3' w
F %'
F 1'
(climbing)
Tolerance
Sun- Shade
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
Drainage Requirements c/
Poorly
Drained
2
2
2
2
2
2
Well
Drained
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
i
1
1
1
1
Droujjhty
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
N3
OT
-------
562f7 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SUCD
a/ On sites with severe erosion hazards see practice #342 Critical
"™ Area Plant inp.
b/ Growth rate symbols: F = fast; M = medium; S = slow; VS = very slow.
£/ Drainape I/ = preferred; 21 - will tolerate.
A/ The everpreen species should be topped and shaped as required when
""" planted for "Ornamentals" or "Screens and Borders."
II. Thinninp and Pruninp. in Natural or Planted Stands of Wood
Material for Psecreation Area Improvement.
A. Thinninp
.
1. On intensive use areas, leave about 10 to 15 larper
(10" + DBH) sound trees per acre for sheds.
2. Favor for retention the deep rooted species such as
red oak, bur oak, white oak, supar naples, hickory,
black crum, tulip poplar, etc.
3. Petain sone flowerinp and wildlife food plants such
as dogwood, redbed, serviceberry, pawpaw, persimmon,
etc,
4. Occasionally there will be portions of a recreational
area, where a part of woody cover should be left un-
thinned, such as odd corners not needed for intensive
use, where natural cover makes a screen, and on steep
escarpments or erosive areas.
5. Pemoval of woody materials should be accomplished by
cuttin? flush with the around line. This will leave
topsoil in place, and not injure roots of trees or
shrubs beinp retained.
B . Pruninp
1. Intensive use area trees should have lovjer Irbrbs re-
moved to a minirum height of 12 feet, so as to pro-
vide space for recreation activities and save on
cost of maintenance operations.
2. Pruninp cuts should be rade as close to the tree
trunk or rain sten an possible. .Ml larre linbs
should be cut in a method that will not strip or tear
bark on remaining part of tree. (See ;iob sheet
"Takin^ Care of Your Trees.")
June 1973
-------
562-8 Black Creak Studv Area
Standards and Specifications
/Mien Co. SV.'CD
3. I tiers recreation pressure is not heavy and prowinr
space is anple, a few specimen trees should 1x2 left
unpruned to add natural beauty, (e.i. Fin Oak,
Spruces, VJhite Pine, Fed Cedar, etc.).
Ill. ? 'aintenance
A. To prevent sproutinp, chemically treat sturr>s immediately
after cutting.
3. Poisonous plants like poison ivy should be chenically spraved
and eliminated fron recreation areas.
C, Maintairt open areas by reriodic novinn- and/or sprayinr to
prevent the encroachnent o* undesirable veo-etat5.cn.
Caution: Chericals used rust be Pederallv .and locally re-
ristered and nust be applied strictly :,n accordance with
authorized registered uses, directions on the label, and
other Federal or State policies and renuirerents.
Cost-Sharinn-
Cost-share, '-?hen planned and carried out according to the above speci-
^ications, T.-n.ii be 50% o^ actual costs involved not to exceed 50% of
the estimated cost.
Unit Trice = $200.00 r>er acre
"axirtun Cost-Shpre = $100.00 per acre
Practice is eligible ^or pavrent v;hen seedir.^ and ot'.er required
:-.7or];. is conpleted.
June 1973
-------
350-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
350 SEDI'TMT CONTROL BASIN (Number)
Definition
A barrier or dam constructed across a '.waterway or at other suitable
locations to ^orm a silt or sedir.ent basin.
Purpose
To nreserve the capacity of reservoirs, ditches, canals, diversions,
waterways, and streams; to prevent undesirable deposition on bottom.-
lands and developed areas; to trap sedinent oririnatinr from, construc-
tion sites; and to reduce or abate pollution by providing basins for
depositions, and storage of silt, sand, pravel, stone, agricultural
wastes, and other debris.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
This practice applies where physical condition or land ov/nership
preclude the treatnent of the sediment source by the installation of
erosion control measures to keep soil and other material in place,
or a basin offers the nost practical solution to the problen.
Desipn Criteria
Sedinent control basins shall be designed by a nualified engineer. A
peolopist and/or soil scientist shall be consulted to estimate rate
or production and volume of sediment to be expected. The applicable
portions of standards and st>ecifications 378 Ponds, shall be followed
except as indicated below.
The basin shall have an estijtHted life or not less tha 15 years based
on estimated rate of sediment, etc., that would be produced.
The desion of dems, spillways, and drainape facilities shall be in
accordance with the standards for Ponds, Grade Stabilization Structures
or Engineering I'enorandunt No, 27, as appropriate for the class and
kind of structure beinp; considered.
Safety measures to protect the public from the hazards of soft sediment
and floodwater are to be established as conditions dictate.
June 1973
-------
350-2 Blade Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SI/CD
Plans and Specifications^
Plans and specifications for installation o^ basin shall be in keepinr
with this standard and shall describe the requirements for application
of the r>ractice to achieve its intended ~»urpose.
The applicable portions of standards and spec J ficat.ions 378 Pond shall
be followed.
Cost-Sliarinp
1. Earth rovinr; clearing; and raterials and installation of r^echanical
spillv.'ays, and %nces.
Cost-share, when planned and constructed according to the above
specifications will be 70 percent of the actual cost of the struct-
ure not to exceed 70 percent of the estimated cost.
TJnit Price = $6,000.00 per structure
laxirur cost-share rate = $4,200.00 per structure
2. Seedinr disturbed areas
Cost-share, when planned and carried out accordinr to the above
specifications will be 70 percent of the actual cost not to
exceed 70% of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = 6150.00 per acre
Maxirur Cost-Share Pate = $105.00 per acre
Seeding and nulchinp rnquircrents ^or Sediment Control Basins
built after September 30, are the same as those -For practice
378 Fond.
The practice is eligible for pa^rent when the basin is constructed
and the scecb'nr is conpleted.
June 1973
-------
584-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
58H STREAM CHANNEL STABILIZATION (Feet)
Definition
Stabilizing the channel of a stream with suitable structures.
3co
This standard covers the structural work done to control aggradation or
degradation in a stream channel. It does not include work done to pre-
vent bank cutting or meander.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
This practice applies to stream channels undergoing damaging aggrada-
tion or degradation that cannot be feasibly controlled by clearing or
snagging, by the establishment of vegetative protection, or by the
installation of upstream water control facilities, and which require
the application of structural measures.
Design Criteria
It is recognized tha.t channels may aggrade or degrade during a given
storm or over short periods of time. A channel is considered stable
if, over long periods of time, the channel bottom remains essentially
at the same elevation.
In the design of a channel for stability, consideration shall be given
to the following points?
1. The character of the materials comprising the channel bottom.
2. The quantity apd character of the sediments entering the
reach of channel under consideration. This shall be
analyzed on a basis of both present conditions and pro-
jected changes caused by changes in land use or land treat-
ment and upstream improvements or structural measures.
3. Streamflow peaks, velocities, and volumes at various flow
frequencies.
U. The effects of changes in velocity of the stream produced
by the structural measures.
June 1973
-------
58H-2 Black Creel; Study A.
Standards and Specif Icatior
Co. "'.::
Structures installed to stabilize stream channels sh.all he designed
and installed to meet Soil Conservation Service standards for the
particular structure and type o^ construction involved.
Plans and Specifications
Plans and specifications *or installation o^ stream channel stabili-
zation shall be in keeninp vdth this standard and shall describe the
requirements for application of the practice to achieve its intended
purpose. Specifications for each streambank stabilization measure wi
be prepared to reel: on-rote conditons by the responsible cnrineer.
Disturbed areas shall be seeded and maintained in o-ood vegetation.
Vegetation will be established accordir.r to specification 342, Critical
Area Planting.
Cost-Sharinr
Strear channels considered under "I/ Strear Channel Stabilization,"
Table A-10, Black Creek Study, require fencinp as a rvrior input for
maintaining a stabilized channel and controlling erosion and sedimenta-
tion.
1. rencinr to Exclude Livestock
I.here protection fror livestock is necessary, fencin^ ir,
planned and installed vill be ccst-shared in accordance
with practice U72, Livestock Exclusion.
2. Structural Practico;-
a. pip-rap stream channel" considered vender n2/ Htr^^j-i CV.amel
Stal-ilizat:;.on," Table A-10, Blacl: Crock Stuc^', require
extensive installation o^ rir-r-ip.
Cost-sliare, '.hen Alarmed and carried out ,nncordinrT to the above specifi-
cations, v;ill he 80% o^ the actual costs ip.yolved. not to exceed 80% of
the estimated co^t.
ihit '-Vice = $10.00 ^e^ t^n - machine ^lac^.d
';'ayi.r;um Cost-Share ^^tc = $8.00 nor ton
b. Stabilization Structur-s
Cost-sk.-re, vhen planned and installer'! accordinr to th
-------
584-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
3. Establishing Protective Vegetation on Disturbed Areas
Cost share for establishing protective vegetation on disturbed areas
will be made in accordance with that provided for practice 342,
Critical Area Planting.
Practice will be eligible for payment when all work is completed.
June 1973
-------
580-1
Black Creek Study Ar_a
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
580 STREAMBAMK PROTECTION (Feet)
Definition
Stabilizing and protecting banks of streams or excavated channels
ag.-ilnst scour and erosion by vegetative or structural means.
Scope
This standard covers the structural means used to stabilize and pro-
tect the banks of natural streams and excavated channels.
Purpose
Streambank protection is established to stabilize or protect stream-
banks for one or more of the following purposes:
1. To prevent the loss of land or damage to utilities, roads»
buildings, or other facilities adjacent to the channel.
2. To maintain the capacity of the channel.
3. To control channel meander which would adversely affect
downstream facilities.
4. To reduce sediment loads causing downstream damages and
pollution or to improve the stream for recreational use
or as a habitat for fish and wildlife,
Conditions Where Practice Applies
This practice applies to natural or excavated channels where the
streambanks are subject to erosion from the action of water, ice,
or debris or to damage from livestock or vehicular traffic.
Design Criteria
Since each reach of channel is unique, measures for streambank pro-
tection must be installed according to a plan and adapted to the
specific site. Designs shall be developed in accordance with the
following principles:
June 1973
-------
580-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
1. Protective measures to be applied shall be compatible with
improvements planned or being carried out by others.
2. The grade must be controlled, either by natural or artificial
means, before any permanent type of bank protection can be
considered feasible unless the protection can be safely and
economically constructed to a depth well below the anticipated
lowest depth of bottom scour.
3. Streambank protection shall be started at a stabilized or
controlled point and ended at a stablized or controlled
point on the stream.
U. Needed channel clearing to remove stumps, fallen trees, debris,
and bars which force the streamflow into the streanibank shall
be an initial element of the work.
5. Changes in channel alignment shall be made only after an
evaluation of the effect on the land use, interdependent
water disposal systems, hydraulic characteristics, and exist-
ing structures.
6. Structural measures must be effective for the design flow
and be able to withstand greater floods without serious
damage.
7. Vegetative protection shall be considered on the upper por-
tions of eroding banks, and especially on those areas which
are subject to infrequent inundation.
Streambank Protection Measures
The following is a partial list of elements which may be involved in
a plan for streanibank protection.
Obstruction Removal - The removal of fallen trees, stumps, debris,
minor ledge outcroppings, and sand and gravel bars that may cause local
current turbulence and deflection.
Vegetation - Establishing protective vegetation on streambanks by
seeding, fertilizing, and mulching to control erosion and sedimentation.
Banksloping - The reduction of the slope of streanbanks to provide a
suitable condition for vegetative protection or for the installation
of structural bank protection*
Rip-Rap - Placed or dumped heavy stone, properly underlaid with a filter
blanket when necessary, to provide armor protection for streambanks.
June 1973
-------
580-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. GUCD
Fish and Wildlife
Special attention will be ,niven to maintaining or improving habitat
for fish and wildlife.
Leral Recuirerentg^
All work planned and constructed rust comply with applicable state.
laws.
Plans and Specifications
Plans and specifications for installation of ctreairibank protection
shall be in keepinp with this standard and shall describe the recuire-
Tnents for application of the r>ractice to achieve its intended purpose .^
Specifications for each planned streairbank protection measure '-/ill be
prepared to meet on- site condition by the responsible enrineer.
Streambanks and the disturbed areas shall be seeded end maintained in
ppod vep-etation. Vegetation will be established according to specifi-
cation 342, Critical Area Planting.
Cost-Sharing
Cost- share, when planned and carried out accordinp to the above specifi-
cations, 'will be 70% of the actual cost involved not to exceed 70%
of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $2.50 ner lineal foot
Cost-Share ^ate = $1.75 er lineal foot
Note: Cost-sharino- involving naior structure measures, including
extensive installation of rip-rap, will be made under practice
584, Stream Channel Stabilization.
Practice "ill be eligible ^or payment when all work is completed.
June 1973
-------
585-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
585 STRIPCFQPPING, CONTOUR (Acres)
Definition
Growing crops in a systematic arrangement of strips or bands on the con-
tour to reduce water erosion. The crops are arranged so that a strip
of grass or close-growing crop is alternated with a strip of clean-
tilled crop or fallow; or a strip of grass is alternated with a close-
growing crop.
Purpose
To reduce soil and water losses.
Where Applicable
On sloping cropland where the topography is sufficiently uniform to
permit practical tillage and harvesting operations, and where the
cropping system needs the support of the strip arrangement to effectively
reduce soil and water losses.
Specifications
1. The Universal Soil Loss Equation will be used to determine adequacy
of erosion control with contour stripcrppping.
2. Strip boundaries will be laid out on the contour with a maximum
allowable deviation of 3 percent for distance of 100 feet or less.
Where diversions are used to break the slope, they will be used as
guidelines.
3. Guidelines for soils with moderate or slower permeability shall be
established on a slight grade of 0.5 to 1 percent toward drain-
ageways.
H. Planting of crops and tillage operations shall usually be parallel
to strip boundaries with short rows in the middle of the tilled
strips. Where this is not acceptable, planting may be started at
the top of the tilled strip, leaving any short rows at the bottom
of the strip.
5. By careful attention to field layout and starting at the critical
part of the slope, it is often possible to maintain uniform width
strips (parallel sides).
June 1973
-------
5S5-2 Black Creel; Studv Area
Standards and Specifications
/lien Co. SUCD
Strips shall be established accord inn to the ^ollowinr widths, within
slope pei-cent proups. Make needed adjustments in strip widths to
fit ecuipnent where strips have parallel sides.
Percent Slope gtrip in Width in Feet
2-6 100-88
7-12 88-74
13-18 74-60
(A 20 percent deviation in width ray be allowed to adjust for a
di ^erence in slope on sore fields.)
Natural and constructed waterways are to be raintained in sod.
Cost-share, when planned and applied accordinr to the above specifications,
will be 8n
-------
590-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
590 SURFACE DRAINS (Feet)
Definition
A graded ditch for collecting excess water within a field. This does
not include Drainage Main or Lateral, or Grassed Waterway or Outlet.
Purpose
Surface drains are installed to:
1. Drain surface depressions
2. Collect or intercept excess surface water such as sheet
flow from natural and graded land surface or channel flow
from furrows for removal to an outlet.
3. Collect or intercept excess subsurface water for removal
to an outlet.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
Applicable sites are flat or nearly flat lands that:
1. Have soils of low permeability or shallowness over barriers,
such as rock or clay, which hold or prevent ready percola-
tion of water to a deep stratum.
2. Have surface depressions or barriers which trap rainfall.
3. Have insufficient land slope for ready movement of runoff
across the surface.
4. Receive excess runoff or seepage from uplands.
5. Require removal of ejeoess irrigation water.
6. Require control of the groundwater table.
7. Have adequate outlets available for disposal of drainage
water by gravity flow or pumping.
June 1973
-------
590-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. Si/CD
Design Criteria
Surface drains shall be planned as integral parts of a drainage system
for the field served and shall collect, intercept, and remove water- to
an outlet with continuity and without ponding.
The SCS Engineering Field Manual for Conservation Practices shall be
used as guide in the planning and design.
Investigations
An adequate investigation shall be made of all sites. Soils to be
drained shall be suitable for agricultural use.
Location
Ditches shall be established, insofar as topography and property
boundaries permit, in straight or nearly straight courses. Random
alignment may be used to follow depressions and isolated wet areas of
irregular or undulating topography. Excessive cuts, and the creation
of small irregular fields shall be avoided.
On extensive areas of uniform topography, collection or inte"ception
ditches shall be installed as required for effective drainage.
Design
The size, depth, side slopes, and cross section area shall;
1. Be adequate to provide the required drainage for the site
and the crop to be grown.
a. The minimum design capacity of the ditch will accomo-
date the runoff computed by using the "C" curve for
open ditch design in flat areas for field crops. A
minimum design accommodating the runoff using the "E"
curve will be used for areas on which truck crops
are to be grown. A minimum depth of 9 inches and a
minimum cross sectional area of 5 square feet for
single ditches and 5 square feet for each ditch of
a double ditch or (w) ditch will be used.
b. In a Cross Slope Ditch System, which is planned and
designed for the purpose of providing erosion control
and surface drainage, the depth and cross section of
June 1973
-------
590-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SVJCD
the channels will be sufficiently larfe to carry the
peak rate of runoff produced, bv a 10-inch frequency
rain. The minimum depth will be 6 inches of trapezoidal
sections with a 6 feet bottor. width and 8:1 side slopes.
For a "V" section the minimum deoth will be 9 inches
with 10:1 side slopes.
2. Permit free entry of water from, adjacent land surfaces without
causing excessive erosion.
3. Provide effective disposal or reuse of excess irrigation water
(where applicable).
4. Conduct flow without excessive erosion. The maximum velocity
will be in accordance with those shown on pare 14-26 of the
SCS Engineering Field Manual for Conservation Practices. A
rourhness coefficient of "n" = 0.04 will be used in computing
velocities.
5. Provide stable side slopes based on soil characteristics.
6. '.'There crossings with farm equipment a side slope of 8:1 or
flatter will be used. A side slope of 2:1 and preferrably
4:1 or flatter may be used where farm operations are parallel
to the ditch.
7. Permit construction and maintenance with available equipment.
8. Tile or other suitable subsurface drainage measures shall be
provided for on the desipn for sites havinp hiph watertable
or seepage problems.
Plans and Specifications
Plans and specifications for construct5.on of Drainage Field Ditches shall
be in keeping with th.is standard and shall describe the requirements for
proper installation of the practice to achieve its intended purnose.
Construction
Areas to be excavated and areas to be occupied by spoil shall be cleared
of trees, brush, stones, or other debris.
Ditches shall be constructed to a continuous bottom prade toward the
outlet. Finished sections shall be uniform and smooth.
Spoil shall be placed or praded in such a manner that with necessary
inlets provided, surface water may move freely into the ditch.
June 1973
-------
590-4 Black Creek Stud-/ Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Field ditches '-/ill he maintained to penrit ther to function proper I'/.
Field outlets and collection ditches should be cleaned and reopened
periodically as required to permit then to Sanction properly. Snail
deposits of Filt T.-?ill
-------
600-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
600 TERRACES, GRADIENT (Feet)
Definition
An earth embankment or ridge and channel constructed across the slope
at suitable spacing and with an acceptable grade.
This standard does not apply to Diversions.
Purpose
Gradient terraces are constructed to reduce erosion damage by intercep-
ting surface runoff and conducting it to a stable outlet at a non-
erosive velocity.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
Gradient terraces normally are limited to cropland having a water erosion
problem. They shall not be constructed on deep sands or on soils that are
too stony, steep, or shallow to permit practical and economical installa-
tion and maintenance. The topography must be such farmable terraces can
be constructed. Gradient terraces may be used only where suitable outlets
are or will be made available.
Design Criteria
Spacing I/ (Graded)
VERTICAL INTERVAL = 0.7s + 2* (s = predominant slope of land above
length of terrace.)
FIELD SLOPE - %
Vertical Interval
Horizontal Interval
Feet Per Acre
Acres Per 1000 Feet
1
2.7
270
161
6.21
2
3.4
170
257
3.89
3
4.1
134
325
3.07
4
4.8
120
363
2.67
5
5.5
110
397
2.52
6
6.2
103
424
2.36
7
6.9
98
445
2.52
8
7.6
95
459
2.18
9
8.3
93
474
2.11
10
9.0
90
485
2.06
11* 12*
9.7 10.4
88 86
496 507
2.021.97
June 1973
-------
600-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
* On slopes steeper than 10% a horizontal interval of 80 feet may be
used.
I/ Terrace spacing way be adjusted by applying the Universal Equation
Tor predicting soil loss. The maximum horizontal spacing shall not
exceed the slope length for the allowable soil loss determined by
using contour cultivation, the most intensive use possible for the land
and the expected level of management. The most intensive use possible
will be considered continuous row crops unless thoroughly justified.
Vertical spacings determined by either of the above charts may be
increased as much as 10 percent of 0.5 foot to provide better alinement
or location, to miss obstacles in the field, to adjust for farm
machinery, or to reach a satisfactory outlet.
The drainage area above the top terraces shall not exceed the area
that would be drained by a terrace or equal length with normal spacing.
Alinement
Terraces in a system shall be made as nearly parallel as practicable.
Land smoothing, a moderate amount of cutting and filling along the
terrace line, use of multiple outlets, variations in grades, and other
methods shall be used as needed to improve alinement.
Capacity
The terrace shall have enough capacity to handle the peak runoff
expected from a 10-year-frequency storm without overtopping.
Cross Section
The terrace cross section shall be proportioned to fit the land slope,
the crops grown, and the farm machinery used. The ridge height shall
include a reasonable settlement factor. The ridge shall have a minimum
top width of 3 feet at the design height. The minimum cross-section
area of the terrace channel shall be 8 square feet for land slopes of
5 percent or less, 7 square feet for slopes from 5 to 8 percent, and
6 square feet for slopes steeper than 8 percent.
Terraces must have a minimum channel cross section of 8 square feet for
Ier^™S up to 50° feet *" l-61^. 1° square feet for terraces from 500
to 1000 feet in length, 12 square feet for terraces over 1000 feet in
length, and with an overall grade of O.U percent. For short distances,
terrace grade may vary from 0.2 percent to 0.6 percent to improve aline-
ment. The base must be broad enough to be maintained and farmed on the
contour with equipment common to the area. For storage type terraces,
grades may be varied to improve alinement. Steeper grades may be per-
mitted near outlets because stored water will reduce the water surface
grade.
June 1973
-------
600-3
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Spacing of terrace and effective ridge height (measured from top of
settled ridge to bottom of channel) shall conform to the table below.
GRADED TERRACE CHANNEL DIMENSIONS
Trapesoidal Cross Section
Field
slope
(percent)
Length in Feet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Needed Terrace Ridge Height
in Feet
200
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
400
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
600
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
800
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1000
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
May vary + or - 10
Percent horizontal
interval in feet
260
160
127
110
100
93
89
85
82
80
Figures are settled ridge height and are based on a channel with a 6
foot bottom on a 0.4 percent grade. The same height should be used for
a 0.6 percent grade. The height should be increased 0.1 foot for a
grade of 0.2 percent. A top width of at least 3 feet should be provided.
CROSS SECTIONAL AREA OF TERRACE CHANNELS
Length of Terrace
Feet
500
500-1000
Over 1000
Cross-Sectional Area
Square Feet
8
10
12
June 1973
-------
600-U Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
.Allen Co. SV/CD
Channel
Channel grades pay be either uniform or variable from 0.2 foot per
100' to a minimum rrade of 0,6 foot per 100 feet of lenpth. For short
distances, terrace ^ades nay be increased to improve alinement. The
channel velocit" shall not exceed that in chart below.
Type of Vegetation Feet Per Second
Bare Channel:
Sand and Silts 1.5
Other 2.0
Poor 3.0
4.0
Oood 5.0
Outlet
All nradient terraces must have an adequate outlet. Such an outlet nay
be a natural pressed waterway , a vepetated area, or underground conduit.
In all cases , the outlet must convey runoff fron the terrace or terrace
system to a point where the outflow will not cause damage. Terrace out-
lets shall be installed before terrace construction, if needed to insure
veretative cover in the outlet channel or settlement of fill around
conduit.
The desirri elevation of the rater surface in the terrace shall not be
lower than the design elevation of the water surface in the outlet, at
their junction, when both are operatinr at desipn flow.
Specificati ons
Specifications will be in keepinr with the preceding standard and will
include consideration of the following items:
All dead furrows, ditches, or pullies to be crossed sliall be
filled before construction begins or as part of construction.
All old terraces, fence rows, and other obstructions that will
interfere with ~he successful operation of the system shall be
removed.
The minimum constructed cross section shall meet the desipn
dimensions.
June 1973
-------
600-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
The top of the constructed ridpe shall not be lower at any
point than the design elevation plus the specified overfill
for settlement. The opening at the outlet end of the terraces
shall have a cross section equal to that specified for the
terrace channel.
The finished channel shall contain no depressional areas which
would cease pondinp of water damping to crops.
All tillage operations shall be parallel to the terraces.
Storage type terraces with underground conduits shall be
designed in accordance with design procedures in the SCS
Engineering Field Manual for Conservation Practices.
Consideration shall be given in terrace and outlet layout to
machinery operation needs and field terraces.
Cost-Sharing
1. Underground outlet and inlet system
Cost-share, when planned and constructed according to the above
specifications will be 80 percent of the actual cost not to
exceed 80 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $150.00 per system
MaxJjrvuni Cost-Share Rate = $120.00 per system
2. Terrace construction
Cost-share, when planned and carried out according to the above
specifications, will be 80 percent of the actual cost not to exceed
80 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $.25 per lineal foot
Maximum Cost-Share Pate = $.20 per lineal foot
Practice will be eligible for payment when terraces are completed.
June 1973
-------
604-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
604 TERRACE, PARALLEL (Feet)
Definition
An earth embankment or a ridge and channel constructed across the
slope at a suitable spacing and with an acceptable grade.
Purpose
Parallel terraces are constructed to reduce erosion damage by inter-
cepting surface runoff and conducting it to a stable outlet at a
nonerosive velocity. To reduce point rows and permit easier planting,
cultivation and harvesting of crops.
Where Applicable
Parallel terraces normally are limited to cropland having a water
erosion problem. They shall not be constructed on deep sands or on
soils that are too stony, steep, or shallow to permit practical and
economical installation and maintenance. The topography must be
such that farmable terraces can be constructed. Parallel terraces
may be used only where suitable outlets are or will be made available.
Design Criteria
Spacing I/ (Graded)
VERTICAL INTERVAL = 0.7s + 2* (s = predominant slope of land above
length of terrace).
FIELD SLOPE - % 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11* 12*
Vertical Inlet 2.7 3.4 4.1 4.8 5.5 6.2 6.9 7.6 8.3 9.0 9.7 10.4
Horizontal Interval 270 170 134 120 110 103 98 95 92 90 88 86
Feet Per Acre 161 257 325 363 397 424 445 459 474 485 496 507
Acres Per 1000 Feet 6.21 3.89 3.07 2.76 2.52 2.36 2.25 2.18 2.11 2.06 2.02 1.97
June 1973
-------
60H-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SWCD
*0n slopes steeper than 10% a horizontal interval of 80 feet nay be
used.
I/ Terrace spacing nay be adjusted by applying the Universal Equation
Tor predicting soil loss. The maximum horizontal spacing shall not
exceed the slope length for the allowable soil loss determined by using
contour cultivation, the nost intensive use possible for the land and
the expected level of management. The nost intensive use possible will
be considered continuous row crops unless thoroughly justified.
Vertical spacings determined by either of the above charts may be in-
creased as much as 10 percent or 0.5 foot to provide better alinement
or location, to niss obstacles in the field, to adjust for farm macldn-
ery, or to reach a satisfactory outlet.
The drainage area above the top terrace shall not exceed the area that
would be drained by a terrace of equal lentrth with normal spacing.
Alinement
Terraces in a system shall be constructed, insofar as is possible,
parallel to each other. Varying channel grade and depth of cuts in
various sections of a terrace and in adjoining terraces will be utilized
to improve alinement. Land smoothing and use of multiple outlets or
other methods should be used to improve alinement.
Capacity
The terrace shall have enough capacity to handle the peak runoff ex-
pected from a 10-year frequency storm without overtopping.
Cross Section
The terrace cross section shall be proportioned to fit the land slope,
the crops grown, and the farm machinery used. The ridge height shall
include a reasonable settlement factor. The ridre shall have a minimum
top width of 3 feet at the design height. The minimum cross-sectional
area of the terrace channel shall be 8 square feet for land slopes of
5 percent or less, 7 square feet for slopes from 5 to 8 percent, and 6
square feet for slopes steeper than 8 percent.
Terraces must have a minimum channel cross-section of 8 square feet for
terraces up to 500 feet in length, 10 square feet for terraces from 500
to 1000 feet in length, 12 square feet for terraces over 1000 feet in
length, and with an overall grade of 0.4 percent. For short distances,
terrace grade may vary from 0.2 percent to 0.6 percent to improve aline-
ment. The base must be broad enough to be maintained and farmed on the
contour with equipment common to the area. For storage type terraces,
grades may be varied to improve alinement. Steeper grades may be per-
mitted near outlets because water storage will reduce the water surface
grade.
June 1973
-------
3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Spacing of terrace and effective ridge height (measured from top of
settled ridge to bottom of channel) shall conform to the table below.
GRADED TERRACE CHANNEL DIMENSIONS
Trapesoidal Cross Section
Field
Slope
(percent)
Length in Feet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Needed Terrace Ridge Height
200
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
400
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
in Feet
600
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
800
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1000
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
May vary + or - 10
Percent horizontal
interval in feet
260
160
127
110
100
93
89
85
82
80
Figures are settled ridge height and are based on a channel with a
6 foot bottom on a O.U percent grade. The same height should be used
for a 0.6 percent grade. The height should be increased 0.1 foot
for a grade of 0.2 percent. A top width of at least 3 feet should be
provided.
CROSS SECTIONAL AREA OF TERRACE CHANNELS
Length of Terrace
Feet
500
500-1000
Over 1000
Cross-Sectional Area
Square Feet
8
10
12
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Channel Grade
Channel grade may be either uniform or variable from 0.2 foot per
100 to a maximum grade of 0.6 foot per 100 feet of length. For short
distances, terrace grades may be increased to improve alinement. The
channel velocity shall not exceed that in chart below.
Type of Vegetation
Bare channel:
Sand and silts
other
Poor
Fair
Good
Feet Per Second
1.5
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
Out.let
All parallel terraces must have an adequate outlet. Such an outlet may
be a natural grassed waterway, a vegetated area, or underground conduit.
In all cases, the outlet must convey runoff from the terrace or terrace
system to a point where the outflow will not cause damage. Terrace out-
lets shall be installed before terrace construction, if needed, to insure
vegetative cover in the outlet channel.
The design elevation of the water surface in the terrace shall not be
lower than the design elevation of the water surface in the outlet,
at their junction, when both are operating at design flow.
Specifications
Specifications will be in keeping with the preceding standard and will
include consideration of the following items:
All dead furrows, ditches, or fullies to be crossed shall be
filled before construction begins or as a part of construction.
All old terraces, fence rows, and other obstructions that will
interfere with the successful operation of the system shall be
removed.
The minimum constructed cross section shall meet the design
dimensions.
The top of the constructed ridge shall not be lower at any point
than the design elevation plus the specified overfill for settlement.
The opening at the outlet end of the terraces shall have a cross
section equal to that specified for the terrace channel.
June 1973
-------
604-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
The finished channel shall contain no depressional areas which
would cause ponding of water damaging to crops.
All tillage operations shall be parallel to the terraces.
Consideration shall be given in terraces and outlet layout to
machinery operation needs and field terraces.
Storage type terraces with underground conduits shall be designed
in accordance with design procedures in the SCS Engineering Field
Manual for Conservation Practices.
Cost Sharing
1. Underground outlet and inlet system
Cost share, when planned and constructed according to the above
specifications will be 80 percent of the acutal cost not to
exceed 80 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $150.00 per inlet
Maximum Cost Share = $120.00 jer inlet
2. Terrace Construction
Cost share, when planned and carried out according to the above
specifications, will be 80 percent of the actual cost not to
exceed 80 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $ .60 per lineal foot
Maximum. Cost Share = $ .48 per lineal foot
Practice will be eligible for payment when terraces are completed.
June 1973
-------
/- r~\ r* -i
OOO-l
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SVJCD
606 TILE DRAINS (Feet)
Definition
A conduit, such as tile, pipe, or tubing, installed beneath the rround
surface and which collects and/or conveys drainage water.
Purpose
A drain may serve one or more of the following purposes:
1. Provide drainage for waterways, surface drains, and grass
lined swales to protect their erosion control capability.
2. Intercept and prevent water movement into a wet area.
3. Relieve artesian pressures.
4. Renove surface runoff.
5. Serve as an outlet for other drains.
Conditions l-fliere Practice Applies
Drains are used in areas having a high watertable where benefits of
lowering or controlling proundwater or surface runoff justify the
installation of such a system.
_ lands to be drained shall be suitable for agricultural use within
their capabilities after installation of required drainage and other
conservation practices. The soil shall have enough depth and permeabi-
lity to permit installation of an effective and economically feasible
system.
An outlet for the drainap.e system shall be available, either by gravity
flow or by pumping. The outlet shall be adequate for the quantity and
quality of effluent to be disposed of with consideration of possible
damages above or below the point of discharge that might involve legal
actions under State Laws.
June 1973
-------
606-2 Slack Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Design Criteria
The design and installation shall be based on adequate surveys and
investigations. The Indiana Farm Drainage Huide, Table 1, "Drain-
age Recommendations for Indiana Soils" shall be followed.
Required Capacity of Drains
The required capacity shall be determined by one or more of the follow-
ing:
1. The system shall have sufficient capacity to drain all area
in the watershed needing drainage.
2. A suitable drainage coefficient including capacity required
to dispose of surface water entering through inlets.
3. Survey and comparison of the site with other similar sites
where subsurface drain yields have been measured.
"4. Measurement of the rate of subsurface flow at the site.
5. Estimates of lateral or artesian subsurface flow.
6. Drainage Field Ditches should be used to remove surface water
from the land where feasible for the most economical and
satisfactory results.
When an existing main is to be used for an outlet the following shall
apply.
CASE I - For areas to be drained that are five (5) acres or less.
This will apply principally to small systems and random lines
where complete extensive systems are not needed.
An investigation shall be made of the outlet tile to determine
that:
1. It is in good physical condition based on observation of
the outlet tile at point of junction.
2. It has adequate capacity based on general observations
made in the field. A survey or instrument check of the
tile main downstream a distance of 200 to 300 feet from
the junction is advisable to determine grade. It will
be necessary to continue this check to the outlet unless
observations indicate the advisability of such survey.
June 1973
-------
606-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
3. It has sufficient depth to -provide riniirun cover for all
new lines to be installed.
4. The existing tile outlet is adenuate, if readily available
and nearby.
CASE II - For areas to be drained in excess of five (5) acres.
The invest igat ion shall include the following:
1. A physical inspection of the existing tile to deterrdne that
the tile is operative, free from breakdown, and has an
adequate outlet.
The existing tile will be considered adequate if the capacity
of the tile, as detemined in Step 2, is equal to, or greater
than 80% of the renuired capacity, and if the existing tile
is not deteriorated because of holes, quartering, roots or
submergence of the outlet, except where such damages are
reDaired, and/or corrected.
2. Determine the capacity of the existing tile by checking the
grades and sizes of the critical areas, particularly the
flat reaches.
Definition of Physical Inspection
The physical inspection will constitute the observing of the physical
condition of the tile por the following conditions. The physical
inspection shall extend from the outlet upward.
1. BreakdotTns ir. the tile line which are usually accompanied
by holes in the land over and along the line.
2. Fractured tile, such r?s cuarterin^ of tile (fractures on the
cuarter points which result in an err-nhape cross-section).
3. Depos.it?on of soil in the tile line. If excessive deposition
appears, make a further stud" to determine the cause and
plan for correction.
4. Physical deterioration of the tile material that would
seriously subject i± to failure, due to high absorption rate,
soil acidity, or alkalinity, etc.
If the outlet tile in a drain of record (court drain), all the informa-
tion available from, the record, should be used in nakinn- the determina-
tion as to the aderiuac" of the tile outlet.
Tune 1973
-------
606-4 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Size of Drain
The size of drains shall be computed by applying Manning's formula.
The required capacity shall be determined as provided above and the
size computed based on one of the following assumptions:
1. Hydraulic grade line parallel to the bottom grade of the
drain with the drain flowing full at design flow.
2. The drain flowing part full where a steep grade or other
condition requires excess capacity.
3. Drain flowing under pressure with hydraulic grade line set by
site conditions on a grade which differs from that of the
drain. This procedure shall be used only where surface water
inlets or nearness of the drain to outlets with fixed water
elevations permit satisfactory estimates of hydraulic pressure
and flows under design conditions.
The size may be determined from Standard Drawing Number ES-714 (Exhibit
14-11, SCS Engineering Field Manual) or from the "Tile Drain Design Chart"
in the Indiana Drainage Guide).
The minimum size of drain shall be four (4) inches in diameter except
as follows. The minimum size of drain shall be six (6) inches in dia-
meter for deep organic soils ( drainage group 19), and five (5) inches
in diameter for sandy soils (drainage group 13) except when drain lengths
of thirty (30) feet or longer are used.
Depth, Spacing, and Location
The depth, spacing, and location of the drain shall be based on site
conditions including soils, topography, groundwater conditions, crops
and outlets.
The minimum depth of cover over subsurface drains in mineral soils shall
be 24 inches. This minimum depth shall apply to normal field levels and
may exclude sections of line near the outlet, or sections laid through
minor depressions where the drain is not subject to damage by frost
action or equipment travel, and where site conditions justify specifying
other depths.
The minimum depth of cover subsurface soils shall be 30 inches for normal
field levels as defined above, after initial subsidence.
Structural measures shall be installed where feasible to control the
water table level in organic soils within the optimum range of depths.
The Indiana Drainage Guide, "Drainage Recommendations for Indiana Soils"
shall be used as a guide for making determinations of depth, spacing
and location.
June 1973
-------
606-5
"inimur. Velocity and r-rade
31ad; Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SUCV
I,'here it is determined that a niltiov hazard exists, a velocity of
not less than 1.4 feet per second shall be used to establish the
minimum .prades or the Indiana Prainare Ouide, "Drainage Pecommenda-
tions for Indiana Soils" rav he used, if site conditions permit. Pro-
visions shall be rade, for prevention of siltation by filters as
recorrrended in the Indiana Drainage ^uide, and collection and re-
moval of silt by use of silt trans v/hen specified in the plans.
In areas with no rapid siltation hazard the ninirun rrade will be
as follows, except where tile is also used for subsurface irripatiori
or unusual site conditions exist:
4 inch diameter 0.10%
5,6,7 inch diameter 0.07%
8,10 inch diameter 0.06%
12 inch diameter and over 0.05%
*'axi-num Trade and Protection
On sites where toporraphic conditions require the use of drain lines
on .prades steeper than two percent or where desirm velocities will be
greater than indicated in the table below, stsecial measures shall be
used to protect the drain. These measures shall be specified for
each job based on the particular conditions of the nob site. The pro-
tective measures shall be specified for each job based on the particular
conditions of the job site. The protective measures shall include one
or more of the following;
1, Use only drains that are uniform in size and shape and with
smooth ends.
2. Lay the drain so as to secure a tight fit with the inside
diameter of one section patching that of the adjoining sec-
tions .
3, VJrap open joints with tar impregnated paper, burlap, or
special filter material such as plastic or fiber-nlass
fabrics.
4. Select the least erodiable soil available for blinding.
5. Tamp blinding material carefully around the drain before
backfilling.
6, Seal joints or use. a watertight pipe.
June 1973
-------
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-------
606-7
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103
2
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402
TYPE
Homogeneous perforated bituminized fiber
pipe for general drainage
Homogeneous bituminized fiber pipe, testing
Laminated-wall bituminized fiber perforated
pipe for agricultural, land, and general
drainage
Laminated-wall bituminized fiber pipe,
physical testing of
Plastic drain and sewer pipe, styrene
rubber
Perforations, if needed, are to be as
specified in Fed. Spec. SS-P-3S8a
Plastic drainage tubing, corrugated
Pipe, corrugated, aluminimum allow
Pipe, corrugated, iron or steel, zinc coated
SPECIFICATIONS
ASTM D 2311
ASTM D 2314
ASTM D 2417
ASTM D 2315
Commercial
Standard2
CS-228
refer to Specifi-
cation Guide,
page 606-12
Federal Spec.
WW-P-402a
Federal Spec.
WW-P-00405
Concrete Tile - The use of concrete tile under acid and sulfate conditions
shall be in accord with the following guides:
ACID SOILS
Class of tile
Lower Permissible Limits of pH Values3
Organic and Sandy
Soils
Medium and Heavy
Textured Soils
ASTM C 412:
Standard Quality
Extra Quality
Special Quality
ASTM C 14, C 118, C 444
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
5.0
June 1973
-------
606-8 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. S>JCD
Q . •
Fipures r- ven represent lowest reading of pH values for soil water or
soil at tile depth.
Other Clay and Concrete Pipe - Bell and spigot, tongue and proove, and
otherpipe which meets the strength, absorption, and other requirements
of clay or concrete tile as covered above, except for minor iriperfections
in the bell, the sDi<-ot tonrue or the rroove, and ordinarily classed by
the industry as "seconds" naw be used *br drainage conduits provided the
pipe is otherwise adequate for the iob.
Foundation Pequirenents
Soft or yieldin.tr foundations shall be stabilized where required and
lines protected fron settlement bv addin^ pravel or other naterial to
the trench, placinr the conduit or r>lank or other rigid supportG, or
usinr Ion? sections of perforated or T.:atertirht pipe.
Loading
Trie allowable loads on drain conduits shall be based on the trench
and beddinr conditions specified for the ^ob. A factor of safety
of not less than 1.5 shall be used in computing the raxinun allowable
depth of cover for a particular 1roe of conduit. Beddin^ requirenents
shall be specified in accordance with the specifications p-uide. To
determine maximum trench deaths Talkie 14-6 of the SCS r,nrineerinr
Field '^anual of Table 4 of the Indiana rarm Drainare ^uide ray be used.
Filters and Filter ''aterial
Suitable filters shall be used around drains where recorrended in
the Indiana Farr Praina^e r-uide, "Drainage Pecorrmend-!tion3 for Indiana
Soils," to prevent sedi.rient accumulation in the conduit,
:Iot less than three inches o^ ^ilter material shall bo used ^or sand-
t*ravel filters. A, recommended F.ethod of .installation is to place
^ilter material to a depth o^ three inches under the drain, and cover
the drain and filter with a sheet o^ elastic. Tlie filter shall be
desifned to prevent the material in "hicli the irstallntion is made
from entcrin1* thn drain. Hot pore than ten r^rcont of th;? ^ilter shall
pass th.» i'/GO sieve.
Ln:ere ^iber-^lass filter material is used, it shall he r.anufactui"cc'
from borosilicate t^'^e "lass and the manufacture^ of th.o material .:hall
ce^ti^v that it is suitable for underground use. The fober"; s]»v~ll lo
of varic'i^''ln size, with s^mo larr^.r fil.ors intertwined in t'1*.? ^at in a
random manne", Thf material shill cover all ornn "io"'nt" anci : "^foraticris.
June 1973
-------
606-9 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co* SWCD
Blinding Materiaj.
Top soil shaved from the side of the trench or equally friable soil
shall be used to blind the drain for those soils that filters are not
recommended.
Envelopes and Envelope Material
Envelopes shall be used around drains where required for proper bedding
of the conduit, or where necessary to improve the characteristics of
flow of ground water into the conduit.
Materials used for envelopes do not need to meet the gradation require-
ments of filters, but they shall not contain materials which will cause
an accumulation of sediment in the conduit or render the envelope unsuit-
able for bedding of the conduit.
Auxiliary Structures and Drain Protection
The outlet shall be protected against erosion and undermining of the
drain, against damaging periods of submergence, and against entry of
rodents or other animals into the drain. A continuous section of pipe
without open joints or perforations shall be used at the outlet end
of the line and shall outlet above the normal elevation of low flow
in the outlet ditch.
The pipe and its installation shall conform to the following require-
ments:
1. Where there is a hazard of burning to vegetation on the outlet
ditch bank, the material from which the outlet pipe is fabri-
cated shall be fire resistant. Where the hazard of burning is
high, the outlet pipe shall be fireproof.
2. Two-thirds of the pipe shall be buried in the ditch bank and
the cantilevered section shall extend beyond the toe of the
ditch side slope or the side slope shall be protected from
erosion. The minimum length of pipe shall be ten feet.
3. Where ice or floating debris may damage the outlet pipe, the
outlet shall be recessed to the extent that the cantilevered
portion of the pipe will be protected from the current in the
ditch.
4. Headwalls which are used for drain outlets shall be adequate
in strength and design to avoid washouts and other failures.
Conduits under roadways shall be designed to withstand the expected
loads. Shallow drains through depressional areas and near outlets shall
be protected against hazards of farm and other equipment, and freezing
and thawing.
June 1973
-------
606-10 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Junction boxes shall be used where more than two main lines join.
Where surface water is to be admitted to drains, inlets shall be de-
signed to exclude debris and prevent sediment from entering the con-
duit. Drain lines flowing under pressure shall be designed to with-
stand the resulting pressures and velocity of flow. Auxiliary surface
waters shall be used where feasible.
Installation
Specifications shall be in keeping with the preceding standard, shall
describe the requirements for proper installation of the practice to
achieve its intended purpose, and shall include consideration of the
following items:
Inspection and Handling of Material
Material for drains shall be given a rigid inspection before installa-
tion. Where applicable, clay and concrete tile shall be checked for
damage from freezing and thawing prior to installation. Bituminized
fiber and plastic pipe and tubing shall be protected from hazards
causing deformation or warping. All material shall be satisfactory
for its intended use and shall meet applicable specifications and
requirements.
Placement
All drains, both flexible as plastic tubing and non-flexible as clay
and concrete tile, shall be laid to line and grade and covered with
approved blinding, envelope, or filter material to a depth of not less
than three (3) inches over the top of the drain the same day that the
drain is laid. Either of the two methods below may be used.
1. Except as provided in Method 2 below, the bottom of the exca-
vated trench shall be shaped or grooved. Flexible type drains,
when placed, shall be embedded in undisturbed soil for approxi-
mately 60 degrees of their circumference. After placement of
all types of drains, friable material taken from the trench
spoil or cut from the trench side walls shall be placed around
the drain in such a manner that it will completely surround and
support the drain and fill the trench to a depth of three inches
over the top of the drain. To be suitable, materials surround-
ing the drain must contain no hard clods, rocks, or fine materials
which would cause a silting hazard in the drain.
2. When special shaping or grooving of the trench bottom is not
provided to embed the drain when placed, the drain shall be
laid directly upon the flat, unshaped bottom and both sides
June 1973
-------
606-11 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
covered with an envelope material of sufficient quantity to
fill the trench to a depth of three inches over the top of
the drain. Envelope material shall consist of sand-gravel
material, all of which shall pass a 1-1/2 inch sieve, 90 to
100 percent shall pass the 3A inch sieve, and not more than
10 percent shall pass the no. 60 sieve.
When a filter is required, all openings in the drain shall be covered
by the filter, or approximately the lower half of the drain is to be
covered by the filter and the rest of the drain covered by a sheet of
impervious plastic. No portion of the drain containing openings is to
be left exposed under conditions which require the use of a filter.
When sand-gravel filter material is used, the trench shall be over
excavated three inches and backfilled to grade with filter material.
After placement of the drain upon the filter material, additional
filter material shall be placed over the drain to fill the trench to
a depth of three inches over the drain. A plastic sheet and friable
soil can be used in lieu of filter material as the backfill over the
drain when specified. The sand-gravel filter material shall be a
mixture of sand and gravel within the gradation required by the base
material in the trench.
The gap between tile or other drain pipe joints shall not exceed 1/H
inch for mineral soils or 1/2 inch for organic soils. Openings wider
than these, occuring on the outer side of a curve in a tile line or
due to tile irregularity, shall be permitted if they are covered
with broken tile, fiber glass, or other suitable material.
The upper end of each drain tile shall be capped with concrete or
other durable material unless connected to a structure.
Earth backfill material shall be placed in the trench in such a
manner that displacement of the drain will not occur and so that
the filter and bedding material, after backfilling, will meet the
requirements of the plans and specifications.
No reversals in grade of the conduit shall be permitted.
Where the conduit is to be laid in a rock trench, or where rock is
exposed at the bottom of the trench, the rock shall be removed below
grade enough that the trench may be backfilled, compacted, and bedded;
and when completed, the conduit shall not be less than two inches from
rock.
Materials Specifications
All materials currently acceptable for installation as Drains are
listed in the standard. The specifications for use in determination of
June 1973
-------
606-12 rilack Creel,
Htandards and Soc'
the physical requirements and testing of all the physical requirements
and testing of all of the approved materials on pages 606-6&7.
Specifications for corrugated plastic drainage may be obtained from
the State Conservation Engineer.
General
The installing contractor shall nar^e the source of materials used
and complete IN-229 Tile Installation Report, where applicable.
Working Tools and References
Working tools and references are to be used as guides along with
local experience in planning and installing drains, except when the
working of this standard indicates that they shall be used, in those
cases, the specific table, figure or part referred, to becomes a part
of this standard.
SCS Engineering Field Manual for Conservation Practices, SCS National
Engineering Handbook, Chapter 16; Drainage Farm Drainage - USDA
Farmers Bulletin 2046, Subsidence of Muck Soil in Northern Indiana,
SCS-366, Purdue Indiana Farm Draining Guide - Purdue.
Cost Sharing
Cost share, when planned and carried out according to the above
specifications, will be 70 percent of the actual cost not to exceed
70% of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $.40 per linal foot
Maximum Cost Share's $.28 per lineal foot
Tile breathers and relief wells will be eligible for cost share when
their need is certified by the responsible SCS Technician. Cost share
will be 70% of the actual cost not to exceed 70% of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $20.00 per installation
MaxJJitum Cost Share = $14.00 per installation
Practice is eligible for cost share when the waterway, surface drain,
or grass swale is completed and tile is installed.
NCTE: For diversion and terrace outlet systems see Specification
362 (Diversion) 600 and 604 (Terraces, Parallel & Gradient).
-------
612-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
612 TREE PLANTING (Acres)
Definition
Planting tree seedlings or cuttings.
Purpose
To establish or reinforce a stand of trees to conserve soil and moisture;
beautify an area; protect a watershed; or produce wood crops.
Where Applicable
In open fields, in understocked woodland, beneath less desirable tree
species, or on other areas suitable for producing wood crops; where
erosion control or watershed protection is needed; where greater natural
beauty is wanted; or where a combination of these is desired.
Specifications
1. Plant best adapted species for a given soil and site condition to
accomplish the owners planting objective.
2. Site preparation is required only on areas where very heavy sod
cover is established. When planting in heavy grass areas of
fescue or bluegrass, plow shallow furrows, on contour where erosion
is a hazard, and plant trees in the furrows. On tree planting
machines equipped with a scalper, plowing is unnecessary.
3. Areas selected for planting must be at least one-half acre in
size.
U. Plantings must be protected from fire and grazing.
5. Chemicals used in performing this practice must be federally and
locally registered and must be applied strictly in accordance with
authorized registered uses directions on the label, and other
federal or state policies and requirements.
6. Spacings for plantings:
a. Bare erosion and gully areas 6' x 6', 1210 per acre.
June 1973
-------
612-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
b. Non-active erosion areas, reinforcement plantings, under-
plantings for stand conversion, and reforestation of open
field where weed and grass control will not be carried
out. 8* x 8', 681 per acre.
c. Hardwood plantings where grass and weed control will be
carried out by use of farm machinery and/or chemicals.
10' - 10' 436 trees per acre
12' - 12' 304 trees per acre;
14' - 14' 222 trees per acre
16' - 16* 170 trees per acre
This variation in spacing is allowed so that trees can be
spaced to fit equipment planned for use in cultivation,
maintenance, etc.
7. This practice will further allow the addition of approved shrubs
or trees to regular planting for beautification and wildlife im-
provement. The allowable inclusion of shrubs in plantings shall
be a maximum of 100 shrub-type plants per acre of planting.
a. Shrubs must be planted in outside rows of plantation, or
along planned access roads or firebreaks through the
plantation.
b. The following trees and shrubs, in addition to those named
in the "State Tree Planting Guide", are approved for
Indiana use:
Dogwoods Bush Honeysuckle
Redbud Serviceberry
Flowering Crabapples Bush Lespedeza
c. Spacing of trees and shrubs added for beautification should
be 8' x 8' to allow better flowering and fruit development.
8. All planting of trees and shrubs in Indiana will be done in the
spring of the year, preferably March, April and early May.
9. Any deviation of species from the attached, Tree Planting Guide
or approved list for beautification must have approval of re-
sponsible technician, prior to being eligible for cost sharing.
June 1973
-------
TREE PLANTING GUIDE - Black Creek Project
Planting Groups
Slopes Facing NE N & E Slopes
None to Moderate Severe Erosion
Erosion, Some Subsoil and
Topsoll
S & W Slopes
None to Mod-
erate Erosion,
Parent Material Some Topsoil
Loamy soils with good White Pine
root, air and water re- Red Pine
lationship. No plant- Black Walnut If
ing restrictions except Black Locust 2/
percent of slope, as- Tulip Tree \f~
pect, and erosion. White Ash
(Woodland Suitability
Groups 1,2,3,4, & 8)
Examples: Miami, Ockley,
Russell, Negley, Hennepin,
Genesee, Eel, Pope, etc*
Red Pine
Black Locust 2j
Short leaf Pine"
Scotch Pine 3/
Red Pine
Black Locust 21
White Pine
Shortleaf Pine
Tupip Tree I/
Black WalnuT
White Ash I/
S & W Slopes
Severe Erosion,
Subsoil and
Parent Material
Virginia Pine
Black Locust 2J
Jack Pine
Scotch Pine 3/
Austrian Pine" 3
E. Black Alder"
O)
H-1
ro
CO
Windbreaks
Farmstead and
Field Plantings
White Pine
Norway Spruce
Red Pine
Autumn Olive
Amur Honeysuckle
Black Haw
Lilacs
Mockorange
n>
Soil ranging from
somewhat poorly to
poorly drained. Occ-
asional ponding or over-
flow and all have
seasonal high water
tables. (Woodland
Suitability Groups
5,11 and 13)
White Pine
Sycamore I/
Red Maple~l/
•White Ash T/
Cottonwood I/
Loblolly Pine
Bald Cypress
Sweet Gum I/
E. Black Alder
Examples: Avonburg, Crosby,
Brooks ton, Clernont,
Sloan, Stendal, Wake land, etc.
Same throughout as slope and erosion of
minor importance
White Pine
Norway Spruce
Arborvitae
Laurel Leaf Willow tf
Medium Purple
Willow
Gray Dogwood
Silky Dogwood
H- 00
-------
Planting Groups
Slopes Facing NE
None to Moderate
Erosion, Some
Tppsoil
Sandy soils with very White Pine
low water holding cap- Red Pine
acity and having a haz- Jack Pine
ard of wind erosion. Scotch Pine 3/
(Woodland Suitability Austrian Pine*
Group 17) "
Examples: Bronson, Brems,
Oshtemo, Plainfield,
Tracy, Tyner, etc.
N & E Slopes S & W Slopes
Severe Erosion None to Mod-
Subsoil and erate Erosion,
Parent Material Some Topsoi1
Red Pine
Jack Pine
Red Pine
White Pine
Jack Pine
Scotch Pine 3/
Austrian Pine 3/
S & W Slopes
Severe Erosion,
Subsoil and
Parent Material
Jack Pine
Red Pine
Windbreaks
Farmstead and
Field Plantings
White Pine
Red Pine
Jack Pine
Hazelnut
Autumn Olive
en
ro
f:
(D
ID
-»J
Sites consisting of
miscellaneous land
types, such as strip
mines, strip spoils,
and dumps, clay pits,
and other disturbed
lands.
(Woodland Suitability
Group 16)
Erosion cannot be mapped on these sites and
exposure is of only minor importance. Plantings
will therefore be based on pH ratings of sites;
pH 5.5-7.0
Sweet Gum
Tulip Tree
Black Walnut
Sycamore
Cottonwood
White Pine
E. Black Alder
Bald Cypress
pH 4.0-5.5
Sweet Gum
E. Black Alder
Sycamore
River Birch
Jack Pine
Virginia Pine
Pitch Pine '
White Pine
Bald Cypress
pH below 4.0
No planting
Delay until
leaching causes
a rise in pH
to 4.0 or
better
White Pine
Jack Pine
Virginia Pine
(based on pH)
Autumn Olive
Amur Honeysuckle
n> o
3 H- C/3
Hi rt
-------
612-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SWCD
I/ Hardwoods are recommended for undisturbed sites in woodland oj^eninps
"~ or for wide- spaced plantinps in old fields v;here weed control can be
accomplished.
2/ Fence post production only.
3/ For Christmas tree production only.
Cost-Sharinr
Cost-chare, when planned and established accordinr to the above speci-
fications, will be 80% of the actual cost involved not to exceed 80% of
the estimated cost.
Where production ^rom livestock is needed, fencinn- as planned and in-
stalled will be cost-shared in accordance with r.ractice 472, Livestock
Exclusion.
Plantinrs of over 1200 trees will be referred to the Service Forester,
Division of Forestry, Indiana Department of Natural Resources for techni-
cal assistance. All hardwood tree planting request will be referred to
the Service Forester.
Unit Price = $80.00 per acre
Cost-Shr-yre Rate = $6U .00 -ner acre
Practice is eligible for payment when trees are planted, and protected
if necessarv.
June 1973
-------
644-1
Black CrsJ, Study Area
Standards and
Mien Co. SWCD
644 WILDLIFE WETLAND HABITAT MANAGEMENT (Acres)
Definition
Retaining, creating, or managing wetland habitat for wildlife.
Purpose
To preserve, create, or improve habitat for waterfowl, furbearers or
other wildlife.
Where Applicable
On existing wetlands and on lands where water can be impounded or re-
gulated by diking, ditching, or flooding.
Specifications
Furbearers
1. Impoundments with water control structures.
a. Construct a water control structure that will permit water
levels to be controlled from 12-36 inches.
b. Maintain water level at about 12 inches during the growing
season to encourage the growth of cattails, bulrush, sedges,
bur reed, arrowhead, and other aquatic plants useful as
muskrat food.
c. Gradually raise water level to maximum depths, starting September
1 to make these food plants available to furbearers and prevent
winter freeze out.
d. For types and sizes of structures required use applicable
service specifications. Stop- log type of structures are
recommended.
2. Impoundments without water control structures.
Construct an earth fill dam without a mechanical spillway. These are
less affective than the structures described above. On such areas at
freezeup time a depth of 36 inches shall cover at least 20 percent
of the area. Additional shallow pits may be constructed in the
June 1973
-------
64H-2 Blade Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
shallower parts of the ingxjundnent. Such pits will have a minimum
water depth of 36 inches.
Waterfowl
1. Shallow Water Development
Construct dikes or levees on relatively level land according to
Standards and Specifications for Class III Dikes. (See Engineering
Specifications - 3S6 for design criteria). Install a water level
control which will permit sufficient drainage for crop production
and permit flooding from 1 to 15 inches. A source of water shall
be sufficient to maintain desired water levels.
a. Open Areas
Plant to duck food plants such as browntop millet, buckwheat,
Japanese millet, soybeans, smartweeds, or corn; or utilize
crop fields after harvest. Flood to a depth of 1 to 15 inches
when fall duck migration begins.
b. Woodland
Create greentree reserviors by diking wooded areas where oaks
are the dominant species (pin oak is the most desirable species).
Flood to a depth of 1 to 15 inches from the middle of October
until March. Woodlands must be drained during the growing
season to prevent injury to trees.
2. Development or Preservation of Existing Marshes or Impoundment Without
Controlled Water Levels.
To provide open water areas for ducks, depth of water must be a least
3-1/2 feet deep over at least 25 percent of the area (maximum of 75
percent) to control emergent vegetation. One or more of the following
methods may be used to improve water levels and provide open water.
a. Where possible in existing marshes, construct a low level dam
or water control structure to impound water at least 3-1/2 feet
deep over at least 25 percent of the area. See Engineering
Specifications 587 and 356.
b. Construct pits or dugouts by blasting, with dragline, or by
other means at rate of one to each 1 to 5 acres of marsh.
(1) Where runoff water is lacking, pits must be located
where water table is normally within 2 feet of the
ground surface.
June 1973
-------
61+4-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
(2) Pits dependent upon runoff water shall be constructed
in watersheds which will maintain desired water levels.
(3) Construct pits with a minimum surface area of 500
sq. ft. and a maximum of 5,000 sq. ft. Depth shall be
at least 3-1/2 ft. over at least 25% of the area.
(4) Twenty-five percent of shoreline shall have a slope
of 5:1 or flatter.
c. Construct level ditches according to the following specifications:
(1) Ditches will be constructed without grade where ground
water levels will permit maintaining a water depth of
3-1/2 to 4 feet.
(2) Ditches will have a minimum bottom width of 4 feet with
side slopes no flatter than 2:1. Side slopes of 1:1 will
be permissible in peat or muck soils.
(3) Ditches should be parallel and, if possible, at right angles
to prevailing wind. Parallel ditches will be spaced from
100*- 400 feet apart with optimum spacing of 200 feet.
(4) Excavated material will be deposited on alternate sides
of the ditch, staggering the spoil bank at approximately
50 feet intervals. The spoil bank will not be leveled.
A berm at least 10 feet in width shall be left between
the edge of the ditch and the toe of the spoil. Spoil
and berra will be seeded to adapted grasses and legumes.
See Standard of Critical Area Planting.
d. Where none of these methods is practicable, maintain existing
wetlands by:
(I) Protecting from fire or grazing.
(2) Control unwanted vioody or other vegetation by mowing,
cutting, use of herbicides or other means.
3. Islands for loafing, nesting, resting, or duck blinds.
May be constructed at rate of 1 island per 2 to 4 acres of ponded
area.
a. Minimum size - 20 feet diameter with a settled height no
less than 2 feet above the water level.
b. Seed to adapted grasses and legumes. See Standard of Critical
Area Planting.
uune
-------
Black Creak Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
c. Twenty-five percent of shorelines will be sloped 5:1 or
flatter*
U. Loafing sites
Three sites per surface acre of water are recommended. In shallow
water, provide firm objects such as rocks or bales of hay or straw.
In deep water, anchored floating logs or rafts C+'xIt') may be used,
Post Sharing
Cost sharing when the practice is planned and established according to
the above specifications will be as follows:
a. impoundments for furbearers
(1) Impoundments with water control structures;
Cost share will be 70 percent of the actual cost of
earth moving and structural measures not to exceed
70% of the estimated cost. Design and installation
must meet the technical approval of botTTthe engineer
^ -**— — — —
Unit Price = $800.00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share « $560,00 per acre of impounded area
(2) Impoundments without water control structures
Cost share will be 70 percent of the actual cost of
construction not to exceed 70 percent of the estimated
cost. Design and installation must meet the techni-
cal approval oTlhe engir»er^TT!aoTol£s^
Unit Price = $100.00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share = $280.00 per acre of impounded surface
b. Development for waterfowl
(1) Shallow water development
a. Earth moving and structural works
Cost share will be 70 percent of the actual cost
of earth moving and structural measures not to
exceed 70 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $800,00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share a $560,00 per acre
June 1973
-------
644-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
b. Food planting following water development
Cost share for wildlife food plantings following
water development will be 70 percent of the average
cost of $50,00 per acre.
Unit Price = $50.00 per acre
Maximum Cpst_Share = $35.00 per acre
(2) Development or preservation of existing marshes or
impoundments without controlled water levels
Cost share will be 70 percent of the actual cost not
to exceed 70 percent of the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $300.00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share = $210.00 per acre of marshland developed
or impounded
(3) Islands
Islands will be cost shared at 70 percent of the actual
cost involved not to exceed 70 percent of the estimated
cost.
Unit Price = $50.00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share = $35.00 per acre of ponded area served
Practices are eligible for payment when the work is completed.
June 1973
-------
645-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
645 WILDLIFE UPLAND HABITAT
(Acres)
Definition
Retaining, creating, or ranapinr wildlife habitat other than wetland*
Purpose
To ^reserve, establish or improve habitat for desired kinds of wildlife.
Uildli^e includes both name and non-nane species.
Where Applicable
On sites (other than wetland) tliat are suitable for desired kinds of
wildlife food or cover plants and that can be protected from, fire and
rrazing. Upland wildlife habitat rananerent nay be applicable on any
capability subclass depending upon the desires of the land use decision
raker. It will include one or more of the following, but is not limited
to:
1. The 40 foot border of woodland next to open areas such as fields,
highways, and open water areas. Ho rrazin^ of woodland borders or
pond banks.
2 . Field corners , -Field edres , sink holes , escarpments , sr^all pieces
o^ land that cannot be conveniently cropped, inaccessible odd areas,
roadsides, eroded sites, road corners, open drainage rains and lat-
erals, utility, and in other areas. Habitat within cropland field
borders may be rrazed lightly after Au'rust 1, or earlier rrazin"-
not oftener than one year out o^ three.
3. Areas adjacent to water rVrioundrent , berrs alon^ stream banks,
alono- ditch banks, bems, or "polls and other areas.
4. Conversion of cropland to wildlife land ac, a desired land-use change
by the landuser.
Spec:'. r ications
A. Cottontail Babbits, Bobwhite "uail, and Sonnbirds
1. Nesting cover - Herbaceous
a. Establish or retain exintir.c TYISSV or herbaceous cover
as needed on up to 40 percent of the total land area.
June 1973
-------
645-2 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Nesting cover especially needed in land resource areas
which are predominately cultivated or mostly woodland.
b. Use any adapted mixture of grasses and/or legumes and
allow some native species to volunteer. A timothy-
clover mixture is recommended if site is suitable.
Follow establishment procedures in Pasture and Hayland
Planting Specifications or Critical Area Planting
Specifications. Mow about one-third (1/3) of the
sod areas each year. Rotate so total area is covered
every three years. Mow after August 1 to control
brush, and to provide both short and tall herbaceous
cover for fall and winter use.
2. Woody Cover and Travel Lanes
a. Retain existing brushy areas and hedgerows on up to 20
percent of the total land area. Such woody cover can
be improved by cutting trees over two (2) inches in
diameter and retaining shrubs, briars, and vines.
b. In established woodlands leave trees, shrubs or vines
within the 40-foot border of the woodland next to open
land except mature merchantable trees. When mature
trees are harvested, leave tops and limbs to form a
loose brush pile,
c. Establish single or double row of shrubs at field edges
or divisions along ditch banks or wherever travel lanes
are needed. Use to divide fields 40 acres in size or
larger. Plant adapted shrubs. See specifications for
Hedgerow Planting for species arid spacing.
d. Plant clumps of conifers or shrubs in fence corners, odd
areas, around ponds, or adjacent to food or nesting
cover. (For the tree, shrub, and soils information, see
Woodland Technical Note #6 - Planting Guide for Trees
and Shrubs for Outdoor Living).
e. Food
V/aste grain from cropfields located near suitable cover
usually supply needed food. Otherwise, establish food
plots or strips near woody cover at least 1/8 acre in
size usinp corn, wheat, soybeans, sorghum, millet, buck-
wheat, or mixture of these. Rotate food plots and allow
to lie fallow 2nd and 3rd year. Where adapted, overseed
with Korean or other annual lesoedezas.
June 1973
-------
6H5-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
3. Converting Cropland to Wildlife Land
a. Prepare a suitable seedbed and lime and fertilize as
needed.
b. Establish alternate strips of short and tall herbaceous
cover laid out across the slope on or near the contour.
Strips of short cover should be about 50 to 100 feet
wide, and tall cover about 25 to 50 feet wide. Use grass
legume mixtures where possible, and allow some native
species to volunteer.
c. Mow selectively only as needed to control noxious weeds
and unwanted woody species. Flushing strips may be
mown annually for hunting. Avoid mowing all the field
at one cutting. Mow only as needed and then alternating
strips on a two or three year interval.
d. Larger fields should include some strips of row crops such
as corn or sorghum for summer loafing, dusting, and drying;
and for winter food.
e. Some woody cover should be available or established in
the form of clumps, blocks, hedgerows, fencercws or woodland
edge.
B. Songbirds
The Item A. specifications above are good for songbird habitat in a
rural landscape. Songbirds can be attracted to homesites by tree and
shrub plantings. Plan a diversity of plant forms, food producers,
and shelter plants. Small lawns may limit choice to single specimen
plants to get the variety preferred by birds. Locate some food pro-
ducers where they can be observed from a window, patio, or terrace.
Choose a variety of plants including some reported to have medium
or higher "bird use" for best results. Also choose a few for length
of "months in fruit." Some attractive food producers are grouped
below by rate of "bird use", and secondly they are listed (within
groups) according to their availability from nurseries.
SHRUB NAME MONTHS IN FRUIT BIRD USE
Cardinal Autumn Olive Sept. - Fed. (6) Heavy
Gray-Stemmed Dogwood Aug. - Nov. (4) Heavy
Flowering Dogwood Sept. - Fed. (6) Heavy
Elderberry Aug. - Oct. (3) Heavy (very)
Crabapple Sept. - Apr. (8) Medium
Washington Hawthorne Sept. - May (9) Medium
Black Haw Aug. - Mar. (8) Medium
Highbush Cranberry Sept. - May. (9) Light
Firethorn Sept. - May. (9) Light
Sumac Sept. - May. (9) Light
June 1973
-------
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
C. Pang-necked Pheasants and Hungarian Partridge
1. Nestinp Cover
Same as for quail above, except a smooth brone-alfalfa mix-
ture is recommended where soils are suitable.
2. Winter Cover and Travel Lanes
Retain existinp brushy areas, marshlands, and existing hedge-
rows. Establish a single or double row of shrubs or conifers
in field edges, alone ditch banks, or whenever winter cover
or travel lanes are needed. See specification for Hedgerow
Plantinp for spacing. Use adapted species such as red pine,
white pine, red cedar, Norway spruce, gray or silky dogwood,
autumn olive, japonica lespedeza, or amur honeysuckle. Multi-
flora rose is a pood wildlife plant and may be used when
surrounded by intensively managed lands such as cropland and
where the plant will be managed to control volunteer plants.
3. Food
Plant food plots near winter cover at least 1/4 acre in size
using corn, wheat, sorgjium, buckwheat, millet, or soybeans.
Food plots may lie fallow 2nd and 3rd year. Use appropriate
cultural practices in seedbed preparation and seeding.
D. White-tailed Deer and Ruffed Grouse
1. Cover
Deer and Grouse are considered woodland species. Normal wood-
land practices such as harvest cutting on a rotation basis,
fire protection and livestock exclusion ususally provide ade-
quate cover,
2. Food
a. flanage woodlands to favor oaks and fruit-bearing trees,
shrubs and vines such as dogwood, persimmon, crabapple,
hawthome, viburnums, smilax, and wild grape. Encourage
shrub and sprout prowth in woodland edges.
b. Plant trails and openings to ladino clover, Korean les-
pedeza, or other adapted legumes; or encourage and main-
tain native grasses and forbs.
c. Leave corn uriharvested or plant corn or food plots at
least 1/4 acre in size near woody cover.
June 1973
-------
645-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
3. Water
Develop springs or seeps; or build water holes or snail
ponds. See specification for Wildlife Watering Facility.
E. Squirrels
1. Food
Manage woodlands to favor oaks, hickories, beech, and other
fruit or mast producing trees and shrubs. Leave uriharvested
corn or plant corn in food plots at least 1/4 acre in size
near woodland edges or fencerows. This is especially important
in years of poor nest production.
2, Den Sites
Where den sites are not available, place den boxes in trees
at a height of at least 20 feet above the ground to furnish
2-3 dens per acre of woodland. Use natural naterial such as
slabwood.
F. Other Factors to Consider
1. Strive for interspersion, edge, and diversity.
2. Ihe greater the diversity of the environment and the more stable
the ecosystem.
3. Most other native upland birds and mammals, respond favorably
to the practices described above.
Cost Sharing
Cost share, when established according to the above specifications,
will be as follows:
1. Nesting Cover - Herbaceous
Cost share for establishing grassy and/or herbaceous cover on lands
planned for wildlife use for nesting cover will be 65% of the
estimated average cost of $70.00 per acre for the net acres seeded.
Unit Price = $70.00 per acre
raxinuir Cost~Share p.ate = QHS.SO per acre
June 1973
-------
6H5-6 Black Cree*.
Standards and C;x
2, Woody Cover and Travel Lanes
Cost share for establishing a single or double row of shrubs
will be 65% of the actual cost involved not to exceed 65% of
the estimated cost.
Unit Price = $80.00 per acre
Maxijnum Cost Share = %52.00 per acre
3. Clump Plantings
Cost share for clump plantings of conifers or shrubs will be
65% of the actual cost involved not to exceed 65% of the
estimated cost.
Unit Price = $80.00 per net acres planted
Maximum Cost Share = $52.00 per acre
4. Food Plots
Cost share for establishing fooc ~ . ;, : :i,l •- be/; of the
average cost of $70.00 per acre. Cc" -.narv- will be based
on net acres of food plots established.
Unit Price = $70.00 per acre
Maximum Cost Share - $H 5. 50 per acre
5. Converting Cropland to Wildlife Land
Cost share will be 80% of the estimated average cost of
$70.00 per acre.
Unit Price = $70.00 per acre
Cost Share = $56.00 per acre
When protection from livestock is needed for lands planned for wild-
life use, fencing as planned and installed will be cost shared in
accordance with practice 472 Livestock Exclusion.
Practice will be eligible for payment when area is seeded or trees
and shrubs are planted and protected, where needed.
June 1973
-------
651-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
65U WOODLAND IMPROVED HARVESTING (Acres)
Definition
Systematically removing some of the merchantable trees from an immature
stand or all trees from a designated part of a woodland.
Purpose
Harvesting mature crop trees in such a way as to encourage proper re-
generation of desirable species.
To harvest some of the merchantable trees from an immature stand to
improve the conditions for forest growth and/or harvest trees in a
manner that encourages the regeneration and normal development of a
new stand.
Cutting in innature plantations or natural stands to provide optimum
growing conditions for retaining crop trees.
Where Applicable
Where the site, size, species, and density of a forest stand makes the
planned and systematic harvesting of trees economically and silviculturally
feasible for improving the growth of the remaining trees or to regenerate
the stand.
Where adequate protection from fire and livestock damage can be provided
for remaining trees and future regeneration.
Speci fications
This practice will apply only to areas where long-time land use is for
production of woodland crops.
1. This practice will include cuttings made in any hardwoods or coni-
fers of economic importance where materials are removed for owner's
use or sale.
2. A crop tree will be considered mature when it has reached its
maximum rate of growth and now shows indication of decline in
vigor. Site, soil, and stand conditions will govern maturity
size.
June 1973
-------
[•Slack Creek Study Area
s and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
.Mrvestiri;1 of woodland crons she -I1", aefinitelv :>e correlated to
potential for the area ".at. (Section III-E-1 of
.=.. Lew pcrenti-ii sites (Site-index 70 or less).
Maturity is reached at rather small diameter for most species
on these sites.
Woodland improved harvesting on these areas could be of a
regeneration type (clear-cut by blocks) for pulpwood, cross-
ties, or pallet materials.
b. High potential sites (Site- index above 70)
Maturity of crop trees would be saw log or veneer log size,
Improved type of cutting would be made to increase quality
and quantity of future wood crops.
Type of cutting on the better sites would be controlled
largely by the desired type of reproduction, size of area,
and owner's desires.
4. Cuttings in immature stands or plantations.
a. Most pine plantations will need an intermediate (thinning)
cut around 15 to 25 years after planting* In order for crop
trees to continue at a good growth rate, they need additional
growing space at this age. It is intended for this practice
to cover this type of cut only when removed materials are
sold or utilized for wood products,
b. Black walnut plantings have proven the need of ample space to
keep up growth on quality crop trees. A spacing of D+8 should
be considered for thinnings.
^laintenance
1. Logging roads or access roads should be cleared of any logging
debris, and maintained for fire protection. Erosion control by
seeding or installation of cut-off ditches may be needed.
2. When intermediate cuttings are made in pine rtands, it may be
necessary to spray stumps with chemicals to control insect buildup
and damage to remaining crop trees.
3. Continued protection from fire and livestock damage is very
iirrortant to production of future woodland crops.
June 1973
-------
654-3 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
Cost-Sharing;
Cost-share T,-ill be 65% of the average cost of $15.00 per acre when
perforred according to the above specifications and accordinp to the
reconnsndations of the Service Forester, Division of Forestry, Indiana
Deoartrnent of Natural Pesources. These recomr.endations nay include
woodland inprovement '..Tork rioter the harvest cuttinr is done. This
additional work nust be done before cost-share is eligible under VJood-
land Improved Harvestin,?: or T\Toodland Irnorovenent.
Unit Price = $15.00 per acre
Cost-Share ^ate = $9.75 per acre
June 1973
-------
666-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. ..'CD
666 WOODLAND IMPROVEMENT (Acres)
Definition
Improving woodland by removing unmerchantable or unwanted trees, shrubs,
or vines.
Purpose
To fully use the potential of a site; to maintain plant cover for
soil protection; to improve stand composition by leaving the best
trees, spaced for best growth; or to improve the natural beauty,
wildlife, or recreation values of the area.
Where Applicable
In a woodland where a stand of trees is overstocked or where desirable
trees are being crowded by less desirable trees, shrubs or vines; to
improve future crop tree quality and maintain maximum growth rate; to
maintain the natural beauty, wildlife, aesthetic, or hydrologic values
of an area.
This practice should be applied only on sites of known, high potential
for woods crop production. (Site - index of over 70).
Specifications
Remove or deaden the hollow, deformed, fire-scarred, mature, over-
mature or undesirable trees, shrubs or vines. This may be accomplished
by.cutting, girdling, or use of chemicals. (Chemicals used in per-
forming this practice must be federally and locally registered and must
by applied strictly in accordance with authorized registered uses,
directions on the label, and other federal or state policies and require-
ments .)
This practice also includes the removal or treatment of low-value species
to favor high quality trees. Commercial use and local demand will govern
what species are considered of low value and/or weed trees.
In locaxing T.S.I, plots, a 10-foot strip of woodland adjacent to open
fields, highways, or open water areas should not be treated for woods
improvement. This strif will provide wind protection for the rest of
June 1973
-------
666-2 Black Creek StucV Area
Standards and Specifications
Mien Co. SWCD
the woodland; serve as an excellent food and cover site for wildlife,
and contribute to the beaut v of the comrunity. Plants such as do.nwood,
redbud, vibumuns, black /nan, supar raple, serviceberry, sassafras,
suirac, virpinia creeper, bittersweet , etc., should be encouraged in the
woods border area.
The cutt.xnp or killinr of vines should be accomplished where vines are
inter ferinp with prowth of trees having commercial value. Some vines
h?ve hi
-------
660-1
31ack Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
Allen Co. SWCD
660 WOODLAND PRUNING (Acres)
Definition
Removing all or parts of selected branches from trees.
Purpose
To improve t; .• yiality of the wood product or the appearance of trees.
Where Applicable
On lands growing trees where the quality of the final product and the
tctential of the site justify the cost.
Speed fications
A. Pruning to improve quality of butt logs.
1, Species
a. Black walnut, white pine, and red pine should be pruned
when grown in natural stands of plantations.
b. Tulip poplar, shortleaf, and loblolly pine in fully stocked
stands do a good job of natural pruning, and should not be
reconrcended for this practice.
c. Pole-size quality hardwoods may be approved for pruning by
the Service Forester.
2. Tree Pruning
a. Do not prune all trees. Select straightest and tallest
crop trees with 3 to 7 inches D.B.H.
b. At first pruning, remove branches from the lower 1/2 of
the tree.
c. After initial pruning, do not remove over 1/3 of live
crown in any subsequent operation. Continue at 2 to 3
year intervals until 17 foot of clear length has been
pruned.
June 1973
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612-5 Black Creek Study Area
Standards and Specifications
men Co. SWCD
I/ Hardwoods are recommended for undisturbed sites in woodland openings
or for wide-spaced plantinps in old fields where weed control can be
accomplished.
2/ Fence post production only.
_3/ For Christmas tree production only.
Cost-Sharing
Cost-share, when planned and established according to the above speci-
fications, Xvill be 80% of the actual cost involved not to exceed 80% of
the estimated cost.
Where production from livestock is needed, fencing as planned and in-
stalled will be cost-shared in accordance with rractice 472, Livestock
Exclusion.
Plantinrs of over 1200 trees will be referred to the Service Forester,
Division of Forestry, Indiana Department of Natural Resources for techni-
cal assistance. All hardwood tree planting request will be referred to
the Service Forester.
Unit Price = $80.00 per acre
Maximum Cost-Share Rate = $6U.OO r>er acre
Practice is eligible for payment when trees are planted, and protected
if necessary.
June 1973
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6HH-1
Black Creek Study Area
Standards and ^cif 5. cations
Mien Co. SWCD
WILDLIFE WETLAND HABITAT MANAGEMENT (Acres)
Definition
Retaining, creatinp, or managing wetland habitat for wildlife.
Purpose
To preserve, create, or improve habitat for waterfowl, furbearers or
other wildlife.
Where Applicable
On existing wetlands and on lands where water can be impounded or re-
gulated by diking, ditching, or flooding.
Specifications
Furbearers
1. Impoundments with water control structures.
a. Construct a water control structure that will permit water
levels to be controlled from 12-36 inches.
b. Maintain water level at about 12 inches during the growing
season to encourage the growth of cattails, bulrush, sedges,
bur reed, arrowhead, and other aquatic plants useful as
muskrat food.
c. Gradually raise water level to maximum depths, starting September
1 to make these food plants available to furbearers and prevent
winter freeze out.
d. For types and sizes of structures required use applicable
service specifications. Stop-log type of structures are
recommended.
2. Impoundments without water control structures.
Construct an earth fill dam without a mechanical spillway. These are
less affective than the structures described above. On such areas at
freezeup time a depth of 36 inches shall cover at least 20 percent
of the area. Additional shallow pits may be constructed in the
June 1973
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of nozzles which spray intermittently is controlled by solenoid
valves. The valves are activated bv a system of relays and switches
and are powered bv an autorpobile battery* The intensity and energy °f
the simulated rain ray be varied bv chanr-'njr the portion of the tine
the nozzles are sprayin^ or the size of nozzle used. The present de-
sign applies intensities o^ approximately 2'. or 5 inches per hour at
approximately 80 percent of the kinetic energy of intense natural rain-
fall. Accurate reproducibilit" of simulated storms is possible. Mod-
erate wind veloci-ties do not seriously affect rainulator characteristics.
The rainulator was designed in units so that the number and length
of plots covered simultaneously could be varied. Plots which are nost
commonly used are 10 or 12 feet wide by 35 or 75 feet lonp with borders
between plots which are 6 to 8 feet wide. A small irrigation pump
supplies water tlirouph portable aluminum pipe to the rainulator with a
pressure of 40 psi at the flow rate required.
The rainulator does not embody the mechanical simplicity which was
initially anticipated for it. Necessarily, some relatively complex
components were used rather than sacrifice des5.red characteristics. Also,
intermittent sprayinp of the nozzles was necessary in preference to
much lower rates of kinetic enerry or much preater application intensi-
ties. Close observation of this intermittency of application has not
indicated undesirable effects.
All rainulator components were designed for rapid assembly and ease
of transportation. Weight and corrosion were minimized by usinrr aluminum
wherever possible. Associated equipment is also completely portable
and readily assembled.
Operation
Durinr a rainulator study, each plot is subjected to a series of
simulated storms, or runs. These are applied at desired periods and
are of selected duration correspondinp; to storms with hi^h recurrence in-
tervals. The series of runs nost comnonly used are a 50 minute "dry"
run at the existing moisture condition, a 30 minute "wet" run approx-
imately 24 hours later, and a 30 minute "verv wet" run berdnninr 15
minutes after the end of the wet run. The intensity of 2h inches rer
hour is used throughout the three runs. This series o^ runs covers a
wide ranjre of moisture conditions, is efficient to apply, and can be
accurately reproduced on other treatments or studies. Based on existing
information, combinations of intensities o^fer no known important ad-
vantage for most studies.
The water applied during rainulator runs is determined by samples
^rom small aluminum channels placed diaronally across each plot. PUnoff
is recorded by a water level recorder on a small calibrated' flume. The
soil content of the runoff is determined ^rom samples of the runoff which
are periodically collected by a sampling slot on a small rotating wheel.
Photographs of each plot are taken prior to each study and at otlver
appropriate times for later reference concerning conditions not noted
at the time of the runs.
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Tor treatrants involving rov cro~>s, the rows are planted parallel
to the slo~e dun'nr the '/ear of stud'*. 1^ ro'-7s vere ~;lnnted across
th- "lope r-^ the rclativclv narrov -"lor- .instead, each rov would act
c.s a '••t-t'" OIK" r.;ould rond a larpe arount of the "otential runoff. The
;ort:!on rrr rater and sedirent retained rlu" the Banner in which break-
overs o^ '.ho -• recurred could influence the results rore than the
treatment" involve.', ovs which are up and down the slope prevent
ra/.nr ponder.'", and trcatrent differences are rore precisely measured.
"V.rthcr^nre, treatrrnts applied parallel to the slope are the basic
condition to r.;hich other conditions are compared for current erosion
predictior rethods, and the treatrents can be applied and raintained
r.orx? ea^il".
"air,' rainulator studies are conducted on fam fields which fulfill
the soil, crop, rana^er-.ent, and tojxjpraphic requirerents of the experi-
rerrj. Plot:.; r-.hich vere established for yield or other types of con-
'v?risor;s but trhich are also suitable, for rainulator use are coretines
available. In such cases, nuch of the tine and expense of operating
•.lots fnr a sufficient period to attain the required study condition
is saved.
"ninulator studies can be replicated on soil conditions which vary
-.•:''>.!•/ both rhynicall*' and reorraphically and therefore arc^ not lirdted
t^ conditions availab-le at field research stations. IJhere treatrents
ire coTn;ared at ('if^erent creopraphical locations, identical rainulator
storrn arc ro^rcduced at each location and confounca'nr of the treatments
•-5-th the stor^ patterns o^ natural rainfall is elirinated.
11 so twelve rainulator units K'hich are presently in use in Indiana
-•-nil ~'"er rhroe ^lots which are each 75 ^eet lonr or six plots which
arc '^ c"et lor,!-. Hie shorter length reduces tho tine and water required
^o-" e;:c:\ series of runs. Use o^ the shorter plots also pemits the
st')-"•!• nf six plots --.-ithin a ^OT<- hours. Such use is particularly advan-
•t.TT-oiiG for comparison of up to 6 treatnents. For this r>roced\jre, units
-~r° 3src"ihlod to cover all treatments o^ one replication, rainulator
r .; -~re r-ide on ^jiree plots simultaneously, a fer,-T rainulator conponents
ire roved, and runs are r^ade on the rer-iainin^ plots. Tliis procedure is
>-v-c,Tfy' ror the other rejplications. V'ith plots longer than 35 feet,
r :ore thrin three treatFents ray be corpared durinr the sare day with
*:.'** -resent coui^rent.
.- cre-- -jf four persons is required for rost efficient o:)eration of
the rainulator.
'•Ithouo-h corplete infiltration data i^ obtained durin^ rainulator
runs, the recognition that the rainulator was desitred prinarily to
stud" e>-osion and not infiltration is verv inportant. \Jhen the study
o"' in^i itrati.on is the onlv obiecti.ve, other devices are available which
'.'ill "Toduce results of corrparable accurac^ x.'ith less effort. However,
such, devices are not "ell suited .^or accurate eiosion researcli. Trosion
"-J:udi':s reoui-^e the apnlication o^ liirh ener<"V r-rater dinps to a sufficient
ler^tli o- slope so that enough flo'-'inp x:ater accumulates to readily trans-
'••ort crodiMe sc:' 1 rvrticles. ^e rainulator T-7as de^irned for such
T-)7-,i /options.
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Research Results
Each series of rainulator runs produces a large amount of data.
The collected data is analyzed during the period of the year when rain-
ulator runs cannot be conducted. The results are used to determine prim-
arily the rates and amounts of soil loss, infiltration, and runoff during
each run. Various other characteristics can also be studied.
Certain types of studies are better suited than others for rainula-
tor research. Studies of residue management, relative erodiability of
soil types, methods of tillage, crop sequences, and rainstorm energy
and intensity effects can be studied effectively. Other studies such
as those involving freezing temperatures or tall crops are less suited
due to simulator or treatment characteristics.
Numerous studies have been conducted using simulated storms applied
by the rainulator, and important research information has been obtained.
Brief summaries of some of the investigations follow.
A detailed study of the various methods of minimum tillage (plow-plant
with and without smoothing and plow, wheel-track plant), as compared to
conventional tillage (5) was initiated in 1959. Results from runs during
the initial year indicated that minimum tillage for corn increased the
amount of infiltration by 50 percent shortly after planting, by 20 per-
cent after the first cultivation,and by 10 percent at harvest time.
The minimum tillage treatments had higher infiltration rates throughout
all runs. Minimum tillage also reduced the soil loss by 35 to 50 per-
cent during each of the above periods. Soil losses at harvest were
relatively minor as compared to losses at the earlier crop stages.
Differences between the various minimum tillage treatments were not
significant during the initial year. Cultivating the minimum tillage
treatments twice as compared to no cultivation was also studied. The
cultivations eliminated severe surface crusts, greatly increased the
infiltration, and significantly reduced the soil loss. This study will
be continued for a total of five successive years of corn.
In another study, erosion from cornstalks as left by a picker and
from shredded cornstalks (1) were compared. The shredded stalks re-
duced erosion from the intense storms by 60 percent. Disking of the
shredded stalks increased the amount of infiltration, but soil loss was
greater than from the shredded-only treatment.
Other rainulator studies have indicated that (1) deep tillage is
ineffective in reducing erosion when the channels are not kept open to
the surface, (2) a small amount of surface mulch greatly decreases
erosion, (3) the credibility of some soils is affected more by manage-
ment then by soil type, (4) the first year of corn in a rotation pro-
duces less eorsion then the second year of corn in the same rotation,
(5) erosion from row crops following bromegrass is less than erosion
from row crops following alfalfa for the first 2 or 3 years, and (6)
benefits from previous meadow crops are insignificant after 2 or 3
years of row crops. More detailed information will be obtained from
further study of these and other characteristics.
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Efficient utilization of the rainulator necessitates runs at selected
periods instead of throughout the period of rainfall erosion. Painulator
results will be of additional value if they can be used directly in an
universal soil-loss prediction equation (8), Therefore, methods by which
rainulator results can be related to natural rainfall patterns and lonr-
terrr runoff -oict studies are beinp investigated. Use of the respective
erosion indices (6) and the relative losses by cropping periods (7)
show the most prorise. Results from studies of inherent factors such, as
soil credibility and land slope are expected to be more easily adapted
for direct use in a prediction ecuation.
In addition to the original rainulator in Indiana, rainulators are
now in operation at Agricultural Research Service Stations in reorgia
and Minnesota and are in various stapes of prepress at other locations.
The sinulated rainfall approach to runoff and erosion investigations
promises to provide a wealth of information concerning the soil and
water conservation merits of many land use conditions. The results are
also obtained in a much shorter tire period than those dependent upon
natural rainfall.
Literature Cited
1. MAKHERINO, J.V. and L.D. MEYER, The effects of Different Methods
of Cornstalk Residue Management on Runoff and Erosion as Evaluated
by Simulated Rainfall. (To be presented at 1960 Annual Meeting,
Am. Soc. of Aqronory, Chicaro, 111. and submitted for publication.)
2. '-TYER, L. DONALD, An Investigation of Methods -por Simulating Rain-
fall on Standard Runoff Plots and A Study of The Prop Size, Velocity
and Kinetic Enrerry of Selected Snray Nozzles. Special peport
lie. 81, Eastern Soil and Hater Manarenent Branch, SWC, Arricultural
Research Service, USDA, May, 1958. (Unpublished).
3. fTYER, L. DONALD, Use of the Rainulator for Runoff Plot Research.
Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. (Publication scheduled July-Au^., 1960.)
T^EYER, L. DONALD and D.L. T'cCUNE, Painfall Simulator for ^unoff
Plots. Arrp. Encr. 39: 644-648, 19S8.
5. riEYEE, L. DONALD and JERRY y. TY\NNERL:F., The effects of Minimum
Tillage for Corn and Subsequent Cult 5 vat ions on Infiltration and
Erosion. Arr. Ensrr. (Publication pendinr.)
6. VISCirTIER, W.H., A Rainfall Erosion Index for' -\ Universal Soil-Loss
Equation. Soil Sci. Soc. .Ver. Proc. 23(3): 246-24S, 1959.
7. UISCKf-tEIEP , W.H. , Cror.-Din,n;-T'anarerperit Pactor IValuations for a
Universal Soil-Loss Eouation. Soil fci. Soc. /rcr. Proc. (Publica-
tion scheduled Jul"-Au~. 19GO.)
8. WISCIFIEIER, W.H., and DV7!^!1? P. S'lTEJ, A Ur,ivf;rsal Soil-Loss Ecua-
tion to Ouide Conservation ram ^lanninf. 7th TSSC Con^. Proc.,
Aupust, 1960.
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Surrarv
The rainulator is a research, tool which produces simulated rainfall
for erosion studies on rectangular plots. Numerous characteristics which
are desirable for runoff plot research were included in the design of the
rainulator and its associated equipment. Studies consist of a series of
successive storms on various treatments. The results supplement those
obtained from natural rainfall studies and are obtained more rapidly
and efficiently.
Numerous studies have been conducted with the rainulator. In one
study, nininum tillage for corn was found to significantly increase
infiltration and reduce soil loss as conpared to conventional tillage.
In another, shredded cornstalks reduced erosion approximately 60 per
cent as conpared to stalks as left by the cornpicker. The soil and
water conservation merits of various other soil, crop and tillage
treatments have also been investigated. These investigations assist
in relating the various factors which influence methods of conservation
farr planning.
SI11ULATED RAINFALL ^'
"PAERILATOF"
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IiO PLOTJ TILL/VT SYf:rr?'S r
b"
D, D. nri^ith and J. v. !"?
roj.virtrent
A fe-7 Indiana Banner's nave sold their roldlxvr, .\Lr"s ?nC. Burped
to a ra.dica?J.v nev type o^ tillage:- planting cyster. "an.- mix *~arfers
are taking a critical look at thr.ir a ('venturous nei-'K • r> -~i.d are seekinf
research results on the nej-' sis
crc are several reasons whv 4vi>'ip'irs -^TY; consideri-H"' th/.-; rif?' till^a^
"t Several t\n->es of no-plo*.7 ti^'a^c-plantinr ecuiprent nnava becor.e
iall^? available 5.n the last •fr^'-.7 '^ears. ^jOT'7 Tain prices
have cau.snc] a ^ore critical loo>; at cnui^nent -and labor costs. Sons of
the new synters of^er an OTT~>orttrnitv to reduce these costs, hut, in rany
cases, the savings are offset h^' r'nc^eased cherioal costs. Famers wnc
h.ave seriouG T-ir.ri or witer erosion can defjnitelv h.elo their nroblen v;ith
sore forr of rjo-rlof.-? tillage.
Probablv t";c rreatest benefit fror no-rlov ~:'lla<^e cores .^ron
the cror plantod in a shorter tire. V.'ith pcreare per ^arr rettinr larger
and the prover iricld advantage for earlv •nlant:JTrr, tireliness becor^es
all ir.nort.ant.
In 1067, Purdue started a research proiect which copi'ares several
no-~>lov tillage system i:5th conventional tillage . The experiinents aixi
located at Personal pe,search Stations in northern, east central and south-
ern Indiana and involve 5 soil t^es. Go^^e obvious advantares and problems
liave oh.o^Ti up in our 2 vears' ejnerience T.-7ith thy net: systens.
g^-isel Plantinr
Cliisel pla-;s are bein^ used u'ith several types of planting systervs
in tlie ridwest. O\JT svster^ :ias included 2 fullwidth tillage operations,
deep tillage in the fall ^-d.th chisel roints and shallov; tillage at
nlantinr, replacinr the noints vith vide s^./eeps.
This is an excellent systen cron the standpoint of water nanarenent
and erosion control. Tie fall pass offers an opportunity to break-up
plor.7 soles, apply anhvdrous arnonin, ^nd part:lally incorporate residues
and surface applied phosphorus and potassiun.
Problems i-ith the chisel system have included reduced stands when
heaw soils were rnoist at planting and poor rrass control with herbicides
on the heavy soils. Cultivation is usual 1" delated until the corn is
10 to 12 inches hi"h, due to the rounh soil surface.
"otarv Tillare
Tilling an 8-inch strip to a depth of "4 inches has resulted in rood
stands of corn except when heaw -^ains followed planting on a silt soil.
-------
Incorporating herbicide and insecticide in the 8-inch strip provides
good pest control in the row. However, chemical weed control between
the rows has sometimes been poor. Some farmers use the rotary machine
for full-width tillage, but this increases power requirements and
erosion hazards. Volunteer corn and cumbersome turning when pulling a
planter are problems in some fields.
Wide-Strip Tillage (Till-Plant System.)
Planting in a pre-formed ridge with the till-plant system allows
earlier planting then other no-plow systems. Soil in the ridge dries
out and reaches o;erminating temperature ahead of non-plowed soils with
a level surface profile. Our 1968 experiments show excellent stands
for the till-plant system on all soils. Chemical weed control has been
good with this system. Erosion control potential is excellent when
ridges go across .slopes.
We have noted soire difficulty in keeping the disc hiller-type cul-
tivator centered between rows when forming ridges. Other types of cul-
tivators ninht be more successful when soils are cloddy.
Narrow-Strip Tillage or "No-Till" Planting
Use of the fluted coulter to till a 2.5 inch strip for each row
allows early rapid plantin" with low power requirements. Per cent stand,
plant growth, and weed control, however, have often been less satisfactory
than with conventional tillage. Using a disc ahead of the "no-till"
planter should help to incorporate residues and chemicals but may not
solve the weed control problems. One hundred to 200 pounds of extra
weipht per row on the planter aids penetration of the coulters in dense
soil and should improve stand.
This system, with residues left on the surface, cuts soil loss to
a minimum, but may provide poor water intake due to the compacted sur-
face on medium-textured soils.
Research at the Purdue Agronomy Farm at Lafayette has shown that
corn root growth in the compact soil resulting from 6 years of "no-till"
planting was severely reduced compared to corn roots with conventional
tillage. The effects of the smaller root system, on fertilizer and water
uptake by the corn plants are now being studied.
General Comments
Few problems were encountered with all no-plow tillage systems on
lighter soils such as sandy loams. On heavier soils, better management
and some equipment adaptations may be necessary to control weeds, pro-
duce adecuate stands and maintain yield potential.
Purdue research indicates that surface-applied phosphorus and
potassium remained in the too two inches and potassium remained in the
top two inches of soil after six years of no tillage. Such methods as
chiseling, rotary tillage, ridging and discing offer some incorporatinp
-------
to about four inches, but far less than deep plowing. This indicates
that soils which are low in fertility should be built up to a mediun
or hiqh soil test level before switching to shallow tillage.
Soil testinr in non-plowed fields should separately represent
tilled and untilled portions of the soil profile. Depletion of
phosphorus or potassium in the raior part of the root zone may indi-
cate the need for periodic plowinp.
In the long run, questions concerning insect and disease probleirs,
fertilizer placement, and the effect of soil density on root develop-
ment must be answered to properly evaluate the no-plow systems.
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Section Ten
EXHIBITS
-------
DCS-1
Soi7 & Water Conservation District
Executive Park - Suite 103 • 2010 Inwood Drive - Fort Wayne, Indiana 46805
422-3373 or 422-6131, Ext. 160
COO^FPATOE-DTSTPICT AOFEE11FNT
BLACK CREFK SEDT.rXNT STUDY PROJECT
SUPERVISORS
ELLIS McFADDEN
17414 Comer Road
Ft. Wayne, Indiana 46809
CHAIRMAN
ROGER EHLE
Antwerp Road
Grabill, Indiana 46741
VICE-CHAIRMAN
RAYMOND ARNOLD
Route 5
Ft. Wayne, Indiana 46808
SECRETARY
MICHAEL LOMONT
R.R. 2
New Haven, Indiana 46774
MEMBER
GILBERT WHITSEL
524 Dunkelberg Road
Ft. Wayne, Indiana 46809
MEMBER
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
ROBERT ROY
Route 1
Monroeville, Indiana 46773
ARNOLD ROEMKE
Route 1
Woodburn, Indiana 46797
I desire to cooperate with the Mien County Soil & Water Conservation Distri
in achieving its soil and water conservation objectives in ny community.
I further desire to become 3 cooperator in the District Black Creek Sediment
Study Program. I therefore, reauest assistance that will help me in making
land use and treatment decisions where needed and/or in applying and iraintai
inn conservation practices needed on my land.
I desire to develop a conservation plan on my land with assistance from the
Soil Conservationist available from the district. This conservation plan
will spell out the financial assistance that will be available to me for the
installation of the practices until the end of the program period (October
1977) .
The conservation plan will not constitute a contract between the cooperator
and the district. This conservation plan does not require me to take part
in the cost-sharina procrram nor does it obliaate the district to furnish
cost-sharing to the cooperator.
In order to receive cost-sharing on practices identified in the conservation
plan further negotiations between the district and me will be needed to ente]
into a legal contract for cost-sharina.
I will grant district representatives the right to ingress and egress to my
TECHNICAL PERSONNEL land during the period of this agreement, for the purpose of conductina sur-
veys, and planning, installing and inspecting applied conservation practices,
JAMES LAKE
County Conservationist
Phone: 422-3373
DANIEL McCAIN
District Conservationist
Phone: 422-6131, Ext. 160
DENNIS BENNETT
Conservation Technician
Phone: 422-6131, Ext. 160
TOP USE BY SWCD:
Land Unit Number
I understand the help I receive will be dependent on the. ability of the
district to supply the services. These services include such items as soil
survey naps and interpretations, and technical assistance for planning
applying and maintaining conservation practices.
neither the District nor I will be liable for damages to the other except
for those caused by negliaence or misconduct.
This cooperative agreement will be for the initial period through October
1977 following signature by both parties and continue in effect until I or
the district cancels by givina sixty (60) days notice in writing, or my
connection with the property terminate.
Total Acres
IJAliE OF OW11ER
IJAfK OF OPEPATOP
Supervisors
Apnroval
ADDRESS
ADDPXSS
PHONE
DATE
PHONE
DATE
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SUPERVISORS
EuLil, McFADDEN
17414 Co-ner Road
Ft. Wayne, Indiana 46809
30GER EHLE
Antwerp Road
Srabill, Indiana 46741
MCE-CHAIRMAN
iAYIVIONn ARNOLD
loute 5
t. Wayne, l.idiana 46808
ECRETARY
1ICHAEL LOMONT
.R. 2
lew Haven, Indiana 46774
1EMBER
JlLBERT WHITSEL
,24 Dunkelberg Road
't. Wayne, Indiana 46809
MEMBER
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
ROBERT ROY
=!oute 1
vlonropviilc, Indiana 46773
ARNOLD ROEMKE
Route 1
/Voodburn, Indiana 46797
TECHNICAL PERSONNEL
JAMES LAKE
County Conservationist
Phone: 422-3373
DANIEL McCAIN
District Conservationist
Phone: 422-6131, Ext. 160
DENNIS BENNETT
Conservation Technician
Phone: 422-6131, Ext, 160
DCS-la
A I/en County
So/I & Water Conservation District
Executive Park - Suite 103 - 2010 Inwood Drive - Fort Wayne, Indiana 46805
422-3373 or 422-6131, Ext. 160
GROUP
COOPERATOP, DISTRICT AGREEMENT
BLACK CREEK SEDIMENT STUDY PROJECT
We desire to cooperate with the Allen County Soil and Water Conservation Dis-
trict in achieving its soil and water conservation objectives in our comnunit
Our group desires to become a cooperator in the District Black Creek Sediment
Study Program and, requests assistance that will help in making land use and
treatment decisions where needed and/or in applying and maintaining conserva-
tion practices needed on our lands.
Ue desire to develop a conservation plan on our land with assistance from the
Soil Conservationist available from the district. This conservation plan \-;i1
spell out the conservation practices needed on our land and will be a guide
to the anount of financial assistance that will be available to our aroup foi
the installation of the practices until the end of the prooram period
(October 1977) .
The conservation plan will not constitute a contract between the group and
the district. This conservation plan does not require the group to take part
in the cost-sharino program nor does it obligate the district to furnish
cost-sharing to the aroup.
In order to receive cost-shnrina on practices identified in the conservation
plan further negotiations between the District and the group will be needed
to enter into a legal contract for cost-sharing.
Ue will grant district representatives the right to ingress and egrees to ou:
land during the period of this agreement, for the purpose of conducting sur-
veys, and plannino, installing and inspectinn applied conservation practices
Vic understand that the help received will be dependent on the ability of the
district to supply the services. These services include such items as soil
survey maps and interceptions, and technical assistance for planning, applyii
and maintaining conservation practices.
Neither the district nor the aroup will be liable for damages to the other
except for those caused by negliaence or misconduct.
This cooperative agreement will be for the initial period, through October
1977 following signature by both parties and continue in effect until the
group or the district cancels by aiving sixty (60) days notice in writing,
or my connection with the property terminate.
***************
TOWNSHIP
SECTION
TOTAL ACRES
SUPERVISOR
TITLE
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BCS-2
PLAN OF OPERATIONS
Black Creek Study Area
TOWNSHIP
SECTION
CONTRACT NUMBER
COOPERATOR
ADDRESS
PHONE NUMBER
SITE OR CAPABILITY INFORMATION
OPERATING UNIT NUMBER
TOTAL ACRES
LAND USE
FIELD NUMBER(S)
ACRES
CONTRACT
ITEM
NUMBER
FIELD (S!
PLANNED TREATMENT
Record of Cooperator's Decisions
AMOUNT
OR
EXTENT
UNIT
COST
COST
SHARfi
RATE
TIME SCHEDULE AND
ESTIMATED COST-SHARE BY YEARS
(for non-cost share items show n/c)
1973
1974 1975
1976 1977
VOUCHER
REFERENCE
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BCS-2 Page 2
PLAN OF OPERATIONS
Black Creek Study Area
NAME
CONTRACT NUMBER
OPERATING UNIT NUMBER
CONTRACT
ITEM
NUMBER
FIELD
(s)
PLANNED TREATMENT
Record of Cooperators Decisions
AMOUNT
OR
EXTENT
UNIT
COST
COST
SHARE
UNIT
TIME SCHEDULE AND
ESTIMATED COST-SHARE BY YEARS
(for non-cost share items show n/c)
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
VOUCHER
REFERENCE
Approved Byt
Cooperator
Datet
Technical Approvalt
district conservationist
Certification of Fundss
contracting officer
date
date
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BCS-3 BLACK CREEK SEDIMENT STI.TDY PROJECT
CONTRACT
Part I - Coonerator
I lame
Address
Contract Mo.
Township
Section
Contract period from to
Operating Unit Number
Part II - Terrs and Conditions
The undersinned and above-named cooperators hereby arrees to participate
in the Black Creek Sediment Study Project and fully understands that his par-
ticipation herein is subject to all the provisions of this contract. He hereby
agrees to carry out, on the operating unit described in Part I, hereof, land
use adjustments, conservation cropping systems, and conservation measures in
conforming with and as shown on the attached plan of operations. The said plan
of operations is hereby made a part of this contract and is subject to annual
review and modifications subject to approval of all concerned parties. The
cooperator agrees to follow the said plan of operations accordinp to its time
schedule of land use and treatment and in accordance with the specifications
and regulations obtained from the local Soil Conservation Service office and
the Black Creek Handbook. The cooperator hereby certifies that he has control
of this operating unit during the period of this contract shown herein,
ft&ft
Part III - Cooperators Signature
Date
Si mature
ft «5'{«1: Is ft ft?; »?Hft
Part IV - Approval
Pate Bv
Contract inn- Officer
Date By
Project Administration Officer
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BCS-4
Black Creek Study Area
Allen Co. SWCD
EDIFICATION (OR WAIVER) OF CONTRACT
Township
Section
Contract
Number
Modification
Number
Cooperator
The Following Modifications (or waivers)'are Made in the Contract)
Paae Number: of
Field
'
Con-
tract
Item
Num-
ber
Planned Treatment
(Record of Producers Decisions)
Basis for Modifications (or waivers) :
Approved Byi
Cooperator
Date
Pre.
Est.
Cost
Share
Re.
Amount
Extent
Est.
Re.
Ave.
Cost$
Rate
Cost
Gtiavl
dnsrc
%
Revised Time Schedule &
Est. GP Cost-Share by Yt
For N/C Share Show Units
1974
1975
1976
1977
Notes
For Non-Cost Share Items Show N/C
Technical Approval :
Date:
District Conservationist
Contracting Officer
Action Approved t
Project Administrator
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S-5
ack Creek Study Area
len County SWCD
APPLICATION FOR PAYMENT
FOR COST-SHARE
UNDER THE BLACK CREEK
STUDY PROGRAM
Township_
Section "
Contract No.
I (we) certify that the following information is true and correct and that
the identifiable unit for which cost share is requested was carried out and
performed in accordance with the specifications and provisions of the above
numbered contract} as required onder the Black Creek Study Program.
Specified Conservation Practices Performed
(a)
Line
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
(b)
tonstr
Item
No.
(c)
Practice and Identifiable
Unit
-
(d)
Date:
Begun
:onplete
(e)
Extent
(f)
Average
Cost—?
(g)
Cost
Share
Rate
(h)
Amount
Earned
TOTAL AMOUNT EARNED: $_
And I (we) have completed form SBA-363 listing in-kind contributions for
above work.
the
COOPERATOR'S NAME
SIGNATURE
ADDRESS
DATE
I certify that the identifiable unit specified in the above application has
been properly carried out, meets the standards of the Black Creek Study Pro-
gram specifications and that the Cooperator is in compliance with provisions
of the above numbered contract.
Date
Date.
_District Conservationist.
_Contracting Officer
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TRANSFER AGREEFENT
BLACK CREEK STUDY
BCS-6
Black Creek Study Area
Allen County SWCD
PRESENT COOPERATOR(S)
NAME AND ADDRESS
Township_
Section "
Contract No.
NEW COQPERATQR(S)-NAME AND ADDRESS
(signature) (signature)
The undersigned present cooperator and the new cooperator hereby certify
that the present cooperator has transferred to the new cooperator the
following right and interest in the operating unit described in the above-
numbered Black Creek Study Program contract)
All Rights and Interest Transferred
Contract items to be carried out by the new Cooperator
Now, by virtue of this transfer and the request of the new Cooperator that
he be substituted under the above-mentioned contract for the present coop-
erator with respect to the right and interest transferred. It is agreed!
1. The new cooperator hereby agrees to be bound by all the terms
and conditions of that contract with respect to the right and
interest transferred.
2. The new cooperator agrees that his rights to cost shares or
other assistance under the above, mentioned contract with
respect to the right and interest transferred shall be the
same as the rights of the present cooperator would have been
if the transfer herein mentioned had not taken place.
3. The SWCD agrees to pay such cost shares or give such other
assistance as may not be due or may hereafter become due to
the new cooperator or the present cooperator under the above-
mentioned contract and this transfer agreement on the basis
of and subject to the terms and conditions of the above-
mentioned contract and this transfer agreement, and the rules
and regulations applicable to the Black Creek Study Project.
Approved t
Contracting Officer!
Date!
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BCS'7 Township
Black Creek study Area Section
Allen Co. SWCD Contract No._
AGREEOT COTOIG NON-COfPLIANCE
WITH PROVISIONS OF CONTRACT
Cooperator Address
1. DETAILS OF NON-COMPLIANCEt
2. NATURE AMD EFFECT OF NON-COMPLIANCE WITH PROVISIONS OF CONTRACT
(CHECK APPLICABLE BLOCK)
a. warrenta termination of the contract-contract terminated
b. does not warrent termination of the contract-contract not
terminated
3. FORFEITURE, REFUND OR PAYMENT ADJUSTMENT (SET OUT FOR COOPERATOR NAMED
AT TOP OF PACE) .
4. ACCEPTANCE OF COOPERATOR
The undersigned hereby agrees that, under the above identified, Black
Creek Study Program contract, his forfeiture or refund or payment ad-
justment shown in paragraph 3 above is proper and any amounts in con-
nection therewith, as indicated in paragraph 3 above are due and owing
by him. The undersigned also agrees to the nature and effect of non-
compliance with provisions of the contract as set out in paragraph 2
of this form and waives the right to any further proceeding under the
regulations governing contract violations.
signature; date
5. APPROVAL
contracting officer date chairman SWCD date
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NOTICE OF CONTRACT VIOLATION
Black Creek Study Program
BCS-8 Township^
Black Creek Study Area Section_
Allen County SWCD Contract No.
Name of Cooperator AdjrJTess_of Cooperator
You are hereby notified that information has been received which indicates
a violation of the above-identified Black Creek Study Program contract as
follows:
You may obtain a hearing before a hearing officer by the Chairman of the
Allen SWCD respect to such violation if you file a written request for
such a hearing in the office of the Allen County SWCD,
(Address) (City) (State)
not later than 30 days after you receive this notice. If you request such
a hearing, the hearing officer will notify you in writing of the time, date
and place set for the hearing. You may be represented at such a hearing and
will be given a full opportunity to present facts and information relevant
to the alleged violation, including oral or documentary evidence, If you
fail to request a hearing within the time specified above, you will have no
further right to a hearing officer.
Request for information concerning this notice or the alleged violation should
be referred to the above mentioned SWCD office.
DATE:
(Contracting Officer}
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ANNUAL CONTRACT STATUS REPORT
BLACK CREEK STUDY
BCS-5 Township^
Black Creek Study Area Section."
Allen County SWCD Contract No,
Name of Cooperator(s):
of
of
1. Program in carrying out contract:
2. Waivers or modifications needed in contract:
Date
(Designated SCS Technician)
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BCS-1Q
Black Creek Study Area
Allen Co. SWCD
iJOTICE OF COfnPACT TERMINATION
BLACK CREEK STUDY
Township
NAME
Section
ADDRESS
^ ^ Contract No._
OPERATING UNIT NUMBER
**********
You are hereby notified that in accordance with the regulations set forth
in the Black Creek Study Program Handbook that, contract number
is terminated, effective .
The reason for termination ist
A refund of cost-share payments made under the terms of the contract is
required. You will be informed of the amount of the refund and how it
is to be made by the Allen County Soil & Water Conservation District,
Executive Park - Suite 103, 2010 Inwood Drive, Fort Wayne, IN 46805.
DATE PROJECT ADMINISTRATOR
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mm® CHKX mT
NMC or w&&8a®ts*
ITEMS REVIEWED
A*
APPLICATION
1« Cooperator is eligible and has control of the operating'
unit for the required contract period.
2* Land is eligible and qualified as an operating unit.
3. Has all or any part of operating unit been under a pre-
vious BCS contract.
4. Priority for participation shown on BCS-1.
B.
PLAN OF OPERATIONS/TIME SCHEDULE OF LAND USE AND TREATMENT
1. All fields and acreage accounted for.
2. Planned treatment is compatible with technical guides.
3. Plan contains all essential practices scheduled in
proper sequence and agrees with the conservation plan
map.
4. Contracting Officer certifies that the plan meets ob-
jectives of the program.
5. sWCD Board has been given opportunity to review.
C.
CONTRACT
1. Conservation plan map included, and shows field numbers,
acreage and land use.
2. Soil and land capability maps and legends included as
applicable .
3. Practices, identifiable units, cost-share rates, average
costs, and specified maximum costs are in accordance with
current approved lists of practices, cost-share rates,
and costs.
4. Period of contract is within the applicable limitation.
5. Total cost-share obligations are within limitations as
allowed in the BCS Handbook.
6. Contract item numbers assigned for all practices and
identifiable units.
7. Cooperator has signed form BCS- 3 and has authority to
sign.
c*o.
D.C.
REMARKS
Date Checked and Initials of D.C.
Date Checked and Initials of C.O.
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Prescribed by State Board of Accounts BOS-12
REPORT OF IN-KIND MATCHING CONTRIBUTIONS
For period beginning , 19 and ending
General Form No. 363 (19'
155
,19
To:
(State or Federal Agency)
Project No.
Prom:
(Contributing Agency)
Project Title
(Governmental Unit)
County Public Law No.
(If Applicabl
This report must be itemized to show: Kind of service, dates when rendered, by whom, rate per day, number of hours, rate
hour, price per foot, per pound, per hundred, etc.
Date
By Whom Rendered
Kind of Service and Itemization
Amount
I hereby certify that the foregoing account is just and correct, that the items and amounts reported v
used specifically for the above described project and that no part of same was used in, or reported as in-1
matching contributions to, any other project.
(Signature)
(Title)
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BCG-13
BUCK CREK SEDIfEIT STUDY
CERTIFICATION PORT
I _ DO JEREEY CERTIFY
THAT I HAVE CARRIED OUT TIC PRACTICE OF __ _ '
IN THE AMOUNT OF $ ACCORDING TO THE
STANDARDS AND 3PECIFICATIOTJ If! fY CaJSERVATIOfJ PLAf^ AND ACCORDING
TO THE PROVISION OF THE CONTRACT EET//EB1 flYSELF AfD THE ALLEi
coi!i]y SOIL a wr caiSE^?Tiai DISTRICT,
SirrJATURE DATE
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BCS-14
which is the amount he bid. for the c^ntructi-^:. .
I will nake payrent as
and subject to technical aprro-.vi "*
Soil Conservation Service r*^^"' -^ .
sionature of ovmer
construct: the ?!:.••••'* i'-o~(r:} '"
ability and accorri;- .- ' - -.' -.
landovmer.
sionaturc o^ contractor
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