905-R-74-001
THERMAL DISCHARGE AND ITS EFFECT
ON
MACROINVERTEBRATES AND PERIPHYTON
IN THE
WABASH AND WHITE RIVERS, INDIANA
\
AUGUST 1973
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION V
INDIANA DISTRICT OFFICE
EVANSVILLE, INDIANA
-------
THERMAL DISCHARGE AND ITS EFFECT ON MACROINVERTEBRATES
AND PERIPHYTON IN THE WABASH AND WHITE RIVERS, INDIANA
By
Max A. Anderson;
Aquatic Biologist
Ronald A. Ulrich
Aquatic Biologist
Richard L. Reising
Aquatic Biologist
U,S« Environmental Protection Agency
Region V
Indiana District Office
Evansville, Indiana
August 1973
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
IIST OF TABLES i
LIST OF FIGURES ii
I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. METHODS AND PROCEDURES , 2
Temperature 2
Macroinvertebrate sampling ............. 2
Periphyton sampling 3
HI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS . k
Vabash River »...« k
White River .'. . . , . . 6
IV. DISCUSSION - WABASH RIVER 9
Vabash River Power Plant ......... 9
Dresser Power Plant ........ 13
Breed Power Plant •••••••• Ut
Hutspnville Power Plant ..... 16
V. DISCUSSION - WHITE RIVER 18
Indianapolis Power and Light Company (IPALCO) .... 18
Hoosier Energy Division Power Plant (REMCJ ..... 20
VI. APPENDIX 21
Tables 2$
Figures , • k3
Indiana Regulation SPC 1R-2 ..«....«....« 6?
Chemical Data - Wabash River 1967-68 ........ 73
EHVIHONHEHTAL PROTECTIOH AGLJCY
-------
TABLES
No.
I Wabash River thermal pollution study temperature data 25
II Wabash River thermal pollution study, Wabash River 27
Power Plant temperature data, 1970
III Wabash River thermal pollution study, Dresser Power 28
Plant temperature data, 1970
IV Wabash River thermal pollution study, Breed Power 29
Plant temperature data, 1970
V Wabash River thermal pollution study, Hutsonville 30
Power Plant temperature data, 1970
VT Wabash River thermal pollution study, Wabash River 31
Power Plant temperature data, 1971
VTI Wabash River thermal pollution study, Dresser Power 33
Plant temperature data, 1971
VIII Wabash River thermal pollution study, Breed Power 3^
Plant temperature data, 1971
IX Wabash River thermal pollution study, Hutsonville 35
Power Plant temperature data, 1971
X White River thermal pollution study, IPALCO Power 36
Plant, 1967-1968
XI White River thermal pollution study, IPALCO and 37
REMC Power Plants, 1970-1971. Maximum and
minimum thermometer data
XII White River thermal pollution study, IPALQO and 38
REMC Power Plants, 1970-1971
XIII White River temperature extremes, 1961j-1970 l±Q
XIV Flow data, Wabash River at Terre Haute, Indiana ^i
XV Flow data, White River at Petersburg, Indiana ^2
-------
FIGURES
Noo Page
1 Data showing sampling periods where temperatures in the 1^3
Wabash River exceeded the 5*F rise above natural temp-
eratures as described in Indiana's Proposed Regulation
SPG IB-2
2 Temperature data from Wabash River for July, August, and ijli
October, 1970
3 Temperature data from Wabash River for 1971 1|5
li Periphyton data showing total population by percent up- ij.6
stream, in cooling water discharge, and downstream of
the Wabash River Power Plant, 1971
5 Periphyton data showing total population by percent at k7
Dresser, Breed and Hutsonville Power Plants, 1971
6 Data showing sampling periods where temperatures in the 1^8
White River exceeded the 5*F rise above natural temp-
eratures as described in Indiana's Proposed Regulation
SPG 1R-2
7 Data showing periods where temperatures in the White 1$
River exceeded the maximum monthly limits as described
in Indiana's Proposed Regulation SPG 1R-2
8 Periphyton data showing total population by percent up- 50
stream and downstream of the IPALCO and REMC Power
Plants near Petersburg, Indiana, 1970
9 Periphyton data showing total population by percent up- 51
stream, in cooling water discharge, and downstream of
the IPALCO and REMC Power Plants near Petersburg,
Indiana, 1971
10 Macr©invertebrate data showing total population by per- 52
cent upstream, in cooling water discharge, and down-
stream of the IPALCO and REMC Power Plants near
Petersburt, Indiana, 1970
11 Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by per* 53
cent upstream, in cooling water discharge, and down-
stream of the IPALCO and REMC Power Plants near
Petersburg, Indiana, October, 1970
ii
-------
FIGURES
(Continued)
No,
12 Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by per- 5k
cent upstream, in cooling water discharge, and down-
stream of the IPALCO and REMC Power Plants near
Petersburg, Indiana, August, 1971
13 Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by per- 55
cent upstream, in cooling water discharge, and down-
stream of the IPALCO and REMC Power Plants near
Petersburg, Indiana, September, 1971
Ik Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by per- 56
cent upstream, in cooling water discharge, and down-
stream of the IPALCO and REMC Power Plants near
Petersburg, Indiana, October, 1971
15 Distribution of benthic taxa at different temperature 57
ranges, Wabash River
16 Distribution of benthic taxa at different temperature 59
ranges, White River, Petersburg, Indiana
17 White River periphyton data collected at IPALCO and 62
REMC Power Plants near Petersburg, Indiana, 1970-1971
18 Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by per- 63
cent upstream and downstream of Wabash River, Dresser,
Breed, and Hutsonville Power Plants, 1970
19 Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by per- 6U
cent upstream and downstream of Wabash River and
Dresser Power Plants, 1971
20 Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by per- 65
cent upstream, in cooling water discharge and down-
stream of Breed Power Plant, 1971
21 Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by per- 66
cent upstream and downstream of Hutsonville Power Plant
1971
ill
-------
(H
Hutsonville
TERRE HAUTE
Mt. Carmel
W - Wabash River Power Plant
D — Dresser Power Plant
B - Breed Power Plant
H — Hudsonville Power Plant
I - IPALCO
R-REMC
Petersburg
STATION LOCATION MAP
Scale 1 Inch = 16 Miles
-------
INTRODUCTION
In April 1967, the Biology Unit of the Evansville Field Station
(now the Indiana District Office) began a preliminary survey of water
temperatures and raacroinvertebrates in the vicinity of the newly
constructed fossil-fuel electric power generating plant operated by
the Indianapolis Power and Light Company (IPALCO), and the then soon
to be constructed Rural Electric Cooperative Power Plant operated by
Hoosier Energy (REMC). Both Plants are located on the White River
at Petersburg, Indiana. The study was directed toward establishment
of basic information concerning water temperatures and composition
of macroinvertebrate fauna and their distribution near the Plant
sites before and after operation. In 1970 and 1971, the study was
expanded to include periphyton (attached algae).
In July 1970, another survey was begun on the Wabash River in
the vicinity of the Wabash River, Dresser, Breed, and Hutsonville
Power Plants. The data obtained included temperature, macroinvert-
ebrate and periphyton.
-------
METHODS AND PROCEDURES
Temperatures - The temperatures were obtained near the surface of
the water in both the Wabash and White Rivers. During summer flow
periods these rivers are relatively shallow, and preliminary temp-
erature data showed there was little or no temperature difference
from the surface to the bottom* Temperatures were taken at the
•ample site during each sampling period using a dial hand thermo-
meter and a TSI Model 51 or 5U oxygen meter which also determines
temperature. In addition, maximum and minimum recording thermo-
meters were installed at selected locations to determine the wide
range of temperatures over a k to 6 week interval. In 1971, a
Ryan Continuous recording thermograph was used in the Wabash River
approximately 0.75 miles downstream of the Wabash River Power Plant,
The time intervals and temperature data are shown in Tables I
through HII, and Figures 1,2,3,6 and 7.
Macroinvertebrate sampling - Macroinvertebrate organisms were col-
lected from sampling sites upstream and downstream of the Power
Plants by means of artificial substrates which included rock-filled
baskets or multiple-plate samplers. The samplers were installed on
overhanging trees or logs projecting from the water, or from floats
anchored to the bottom of the river. The exposure period was ap-
proximately six weeks at which time the organisms were collected
and returned to the laboratory for identification. All samples
were preserved in 1$% isopropyl alcohol treated with Rose Bengal
dye, a material used to stain the organisms in order to facilitate
sorting.
2
-------
The macroinvertebrate data were reported in terras of percent
of total population at each power plant for each sampling date.
For example, where three samples were collected: (l) upstream,
(2) in the cooling water discharge, and (3) downstream of a part-
icular Power Plant on a given date, the percent of the total pop-
ulation was determined for each of the three locations with the
sum total of the three equaling 100$.
These data are shown in Figures 10 through 16, and 18 through
21.
Periphyton sampling - Periphyton were collected on glasa microscope
slides using a wood-float periphyton sampler designed and con-
structed at the Evansville Office* After U to 6 weeks exposure the
slides were collected and preserved in 120 ml of $% formalin sol-
ution. In the laboratory all counts and enumerations were done
using the Sedgwick-Rafter method as described in the 13th Edition
of Standard Methods.
The periphyton data were reported in terms of percent of total
population as described in the previous section under macroinvert-
ebrate sampling (Figures U,5,8,9, and 17)»
^
Anderson, Max A. and Silas L. Paulson. A Simple and Inexpensive
Wood-Float Periphyton Sampler. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 3li(ii),
1972.
-------
StMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Wabash River
Temperature, macroinvertebrate and periphyton data were col-
lected at four Power Plants. These were: (1) Wabash River, (2) Dres-
ser, (3) Breed, and (U) Hutsonville.
Of these four, the Wabash River Plant upstream of Terre Haute,
Indiana is considered the most important contributor to increassed
temperatures within the Wabash River. Temperatures here were in
excess of the 5°F rise above the ambient limit as described in
Indiana's Water Quality Criteria Proposed Regulation SPG 1R-2
(Appendix) on ten different occasions at a distance of between
0.25 and 1.5 miles downstream of the Plant (Figure 1). Temperature
increases ranged from 3 to 7°F as far downstream as the Dresser
Plant, a distance of 1h miles. Twenty two degrees Fahrenheit was
the maximumziT temperature for all four Power Plants, and occurred
in the cooling water discharge at the Wabash River Power Plant on
November 22, 1971o
The macroinvertebrates collected in the vicinity of the Wabash
River Power Plant in 1970 showed an increase in the total population
at the 0«5 mile downstream station in comparison to the upstream
station. No samples were taken from the cooling water discharge
canal during 1970. Macroinvertebrates collected in 1971 showed a
significant decrease in numbers in the discharge canal as compared
with the numbers collected in the river, but with little or no
change in the taxaj the macroinvertebrates at the 005 mile downstream
-------
station were similar in composition to the upstream control station.
No significant change in the macroinvertebrate population was observed
at the other three Power Plants.
The majority of periphyton data were collected in 1971 from the
Wabash River Plant Site. The ^T temperatures at this plant did not
appear to exceed the tolerance limits for most periphyton. There
was, in fact, a marked increase in the population in the area of the
discharge canal and at the 0.5 mile downstream station with the un-
desirable blue-green algae being the most abundant. This increase
seems to be directly related to the hot water coming from the Power
Plant, and was far more pronounced at this Plant than at any of the
other three.
The significance of this increase in the periphyton population
has not been determined as far as its total impact on the river is
concerned, nor can it be said that such an increase will occur
consistently over the years. However, if this condition is indeed
consistent, then it seems reasonable to conclude that such an
increase, especially in the blue-green algae would, over a period
of time, accelerate eutrophication and subsequently degrade the
present quality of aquatic life.
A total of 5>U periphyton genera were identified in the vicinity
of the Wabash River Power Plant, of which only one was significantly
affected by the hot discharge water. This was the diatom Cocconeis
which was greatly reduced in numbers in the cooling water discharge
as compared to the control station.
-------
Little or no periphyton population increase was noted downstream
of the three smallar Plants (Dresser, Breed, and Hutsonville), nor
was there evidence that periphyton were killed due to the cooling
water discharge at these plants.
Flow data are shown in Table IV.
White River
Temperature deterndnitations, and macroinvertebrate and periphyton
sampling was conducted at two power plants. These were: (1) Indianapolis
Power and Light Company (IPALCO), and (2) Hoosier Energy Division
Petersburg Power Plant (REMC).
At IPALCO the downstream temperature measured in September 196?
through September 1971 exceeded the 5°F rise above ambient on four
different occasions, and exceeded the maximum monthly limit on one
occasion. At REMC the downstream temperatures taken in 1970 and 1971
exceeded the 5°F above ambient limit on ten different occasions, and the
maximum monthly limit on six different occasions (Figures 6 and 7).
High temperatures were recorded as far downstream as 1.25 miles
below the REMC Plant. Maximum and minimum thermometer data showed a
12°F rise in the water temperature above ambient at this location.
The ambient temperature throughout the study was the temperature re-
corded upstream of the IPALCO Plant.
The macroinvertebrate population varied rather significantly
from the control station upstream of the IPALCO Plant to the farthest
downstream station, 1.25 miles below the REMC Plant. A decline in the
total population was noted immediatly downstream of both Power Plants
during most of the sampling periods. The most abrupt decline occurred
in the REMC cooling water discharge in August of 1970 and August and
-------
October 1971 when the condenser cooling water temperature was generally
highest. The temperature range which affected the population most was
between 9$ to 99°F.
The next downstream station was some 100 yards below REMC's dis-
charge. Here the macroinvertebrate population increased significantly
over that recorded at the control station. This increase occurred
during all sampling periods, and is attributed to the moderately fast
moving and well aerated river water mixing with the warmer discharge
water. This had a tendency to increase both the desirable and un-
desirable periphyton groups and subsequently the macroinvertebrates,
since many utilize certain periphyton as a basic food source. Beyond
the 100 yard station to the last downstream station, 1.2£ miles below
the R1MC Plant the macroinvertebrate population gradually declined to
a level comparable to that which existed at the control station.
Periphyton data were collected in August and October 1970 and
again in August, September and October 1971. During these sampling
periods the blue-green algae were by far the most abundant, followed
by diatoms and green algae. The blue-green population increased
significantly downstream of the REMC Plant where water temperatures
were generally highest from the combined discharges of both the IPALCO
and REMC Power Plants.
The blue-green algae, if in large enough numbers tend to severely
degrade the water quality of an area. They are generally undesirable
as a food source for aquatic macroinvertebrates and fishes, and con-
tribute in large measure to objectionable tastes and odors in drinking
-------
8
water, especially during the warmer parts of the year. Many also
produce toxic substances which can result in mortality of fish and
other aquatic organisms.
A more intense investigation will need to be conducted below
the RIMC Plant before it can be determined to what degree, if any,
the increased blue-green population is adversely affecting both the
water quality and aquatic life within this reach of the river. This
is an area of concern, and should not be overlooked.
-------
DISCUSSION
WABASH RIVER
Wabash River Power Plant - The Wabash River Power Plant is located on
the west bank of the Wabash River near Terre Haute, Indiana at river
mile 208.0 (STORET miles used). This plant is owned and operated by
the Public Service Company of Indiana, Inc. and has a generating cap-
acity of 970 MW. The plant began operation in 1903, and was the largest
electrical generating plant on the Wabash River at the time this study
was madej its capacity has since been exceeded by the Cayuga Plant.
Temperature - Temperatures were taken in the vicinity of the
Wabash River Power Plant during the summers of 1970 and 1971 (Tables
II and VI). These data show the river temperatures at no time ex-
ceeded the maximum monthly limits as described in Indiana's Water
Quality Criteria Proposed Regulation SPC 1R-2 (Appendix ). However,
there vrere recorded during ten different sampling periods temperatures
that exceeded the 5°F rise above the ambient temperature (the $°F rise
is also a part of the SPC 1R-2 regulation). Ambient in this case
refers to the temperature upstream of the Power Plant.
The Wabash River Power Plant is lli river miles upstream of the
Dresser Power Plant. A comparison of ambient river temperatures up-
stream of the Wabash River Plant with temperatures 0.25 miles upstream
of the Dresser Plant showed that on four different sampling dates the
temperature of the river upstream of the Dresser Plant was 3 to 7°F
warmer than it was above the Wabash River Plant. These temperature
increases occurred in July and August 1970, and September and October
1971. Temperature data collected during October 1970, and July and
-------
10
August 1971 showed no increase (Figures 2 and 3). From these data it
appears that elevated temperatures below the Wabash River Power Plant
do not always return to ambient levels within a short distance from
the discharge, but rather at times travels for many miles downstream,
far in excess of any acceptable mixing zone.
Macroinvertebrates - During the 1970 sampling season, macro-
invertebrates were collected from rock-filled basket samplers located
0.25 miles upstream and 0.5 adles downstream of the Wabash River
Power Plant in August and October. In September and October 1971,
samples were collected on multiple-plate samplers at the same locations
with an additional station in the cooling water discharge.
A review of the 1970 data (Figure 18) showed 16 taxa at the upstream
station and 12 at the downstream station in the August samples, and 12
taxa upstream and 13 downstream of the Power Plant in October. Except
for one midge genus, the four taxa that were absent at the downstream
station in August were not among the groups that make up the bulk of
the Wabash River's macroinvertebrate population. Their absence was
probably not due to the power plant discharge, but rather, they were
not collected on the artificial substrate samplers because of their
sparse population in the river.
The total number of macroinvertebrates collected from the Wabash
River Power Plant in 1970 for both August and October was much higher
at the downstream station. Five genera including Rheotanytarsus,
Polypedilum, Hydropsyche, Potamyia, and Baeti.j? were responsible for
the bulk of the increase. These genera are common in the Wabash River,
and are usually found in large numbers. It cannot be determined at this
-------
11
time if this increase is directly related to the Power Plant discharge,
or if it is due to other factors, since a similar increase did not
occur in the 1971 sampling.
A review of the 1971 macroinvertebrate data (Figure 19) shows 15
taxa were collected from the Wabash River Power Plant Site at the up-
stream station, 15 taxa in the condenser cooling water discharge, and
10 taxa at the downstream station during September's sampling; while
12, 12 and 11 taxa respectively were collected in October. Of the
total number of macroinvertebrates collected in September, 3&% occur-
red upstream of the Power Plant, 2B% in the cooling water discharge,
and "&.% at the downstream station,, From samples collected in October,
51^ of the macroinvertebrates occurred upstream, 9% in the cooling
water discharge and kO% at the downstream station.
In order to determine the effect of the cooling water on the
macroinvertebrates passing through the condenser, multiple-plate
samplers were placed well within the discharge canal. The influence
of the hot water did not seem to affect the total taxa, but there
was a marked reduction in the total number of at least five genera,
which included Rheotanytarsus, Hydropsyche, Potamyia, Tricorythodes,
and Baetis.
At the next downstream station 0.5 miles below the Wabash River
Power Plant, the heated water did not seem to adversely affect the
macroinvertebrate population. At this location the kinds and numbers
of organisms were nearly similar to those collected at the upstream
control station,.
-------
12
Periphyton - The Wabash River, a characteristically eutrophic river,
maintains a significant periphyton population (attached algae). The
groups most conmonly represented, in order of abundance, are the blue-
greens, greens and diatoms.
The most complete set of periphyton data vas gathered at the
Wabash River Power Plant site in 1971. These data were collected from
three locations: (1) 0025 idles upstream of the Power Plant, (2) with-
in the cooling water discharge canal, and (3) 0.5 miles downstream of
the Power Plant. A total of 5U genera were identified from these three
stations, of which only one was significantly affected by the hot
discharge water. This was the diatom Cocconeis, which is generally
considered to be rather intolerant of adverse environmental conditions,
and was likely killed passing through the cooling water condenser.
The AT temperatures created by the Wabash River Power Plant did
not appear to exceed the tolerance limits for most periphyton. There
was, in fact, a marked increase in the periphyton population in the
area of the discharge canal and at the 0.5 mile downstream station
(Figure U). This increase seems to result from the hot water coming
from the Power Plant, and was far more pronounced at this Plant than
at any of the other three (Dresser, Breed and Hutsonville).
The significance of this increase, particularly among the blue-
green algae, in relation to the total impact on the Wabash River has
not yet been determined. However, any influence which stimulates the
growth of additional algae in the river is only adding to an already
oxygen-saturated environment (Appendix ).
-------
13
Dresser Pover Plant - The Dresser Power Plant, located downstream of
Terre Haute, Indiana at river mile 193»5 is owned and operated by the
Public Services Company of Indiana, Inc. This Plant has a generating
capacity of 220 MW and discharges its cooling water into the Wabash
River from the west bank.
Temperature - Temperatures were taken 0.25 miles upstream; in the
heated water discharge; and 0.5 miles downstream of the Power Plant during
the summer of 1970 and 1971. Indiana's proposed maximum monthly
temperature limit was never exceeded at the downstream river station,
nor was there a violation of the 5°F rise above the ambient temperature
in the river. These data are shown in Tables III and VH.
Macroinvertebrates - The 1971 data was the most complete set of data
collected at this station. Samples were obtained in August and September
from stations 0.25 miles upstream and 0.5 miles downstream of the Power
Plant (Figure 19). The raacroinvertebrate population at these sampling
sites varied rather extensively from one sampling period to the other.
During August, the total number of organisms collected at the downstream
station was much larger than at the upstream station, but with fewer taxa.
During September's sampling, conditions were just the opposite, with fewer
total numbers but with more taxa being collected at the downstream station.
The temperature difference between the upstream and downstream stations
for both months of sampling was li°F.
Periphyton - From all periphyton samples collected during 1970 and
1971 at the Dresser Power Plant, 50$ of the population at the 0025
mile upstream station consisted of blue-greens, 21$ greens, and 26% diatoms;
-------
Ik
for the same time period the station 005 miles downstream of the Plant
was 75% blue-greens, lk% greens, and 11% diatoms. The increase in blue-
greens at the downstream station is not necessarily due to the heated
water coining from the Power Plant, but rather is likely due to poor
sampling results at the control station. On one occasion the periphyton
sampler, at the control station, was covered with sticks, leaves and
other debris; on another, the sampler was left almost on the bottom of
the river in a shallow eddy due to a substantial drop in the water level.
Here the sampler was subjected to heavy silting which greatly inhibited
the growth of the periphyton. This condition did not occur at the down-
stream station since the sampler was attached to a fallen tree in a
deeper part of the river. No data were gathered from the cooling water
dischargeo
From these data it does not appear that the Dresser Power Plant is
adversely affecting the river's macroinvertebrate and periphyton population,
Breed Power Plant - The Breed Power Plant is owned by the Indiana and
Michigan Electric Company. It is located at river mile 172.8 on the
Wabash River and has a generating capacity of U50 MW. The Plant began
operation in July I960 and since that time has operated on a somewhat
intermittent basis. There were occasions during the 1970 and 1971
sampling periods when crews from the Evansville Office were at the plant
site only to discover it was not operating.
Temperature - The Plant is located on the east bank of the Wabash
River, and during the times of operation there was a distinct warm
water plume that followed along this bank for some two to three miles
downstream0 The Plant was in operation during three of the six visits
-------
15
that were made. These were in October 1970, September 1971 and October
1971. On two of these visits the downstream river temperature at a
distance of 0.5 miles exceeded the 5°F rise above ambient (Appendix l)t
but was below the maximum monthly limits (Tables IV and VIII).
Macroinvertebrates - Data collected during August, September and
October 1971 are considered here (Figure 20). The Power Plant was not
operating when the August samples were collected; it was in operation
in September and October, however. During August, 59$ of the total
raacroinvertebrate population was collected from the upstream station,
and Ul$ from the 0.5 mile station downstream; the total taxa for this
period was 8 and 12 respectively. In September and October, samples
were collected from the cooling water discharge plume as well as at
the 0.25 mile upstream and 0.5 mile downstream stations* The population
distribution for September was 29% upstream, 51$ in the plume and 20$
downstream; the total taxa was 11, 11, and 12. For October, the
population distribution was 20$ upstream, 57$ in the plume and 23$
downstream, and 12, 9, and 10 taxa. The higher population in the plume
was due to an increase in the more tolerant genera of midges and caddis-
files. This, coupled with the relatively uniform distribution of taxa
at each station indicates the water temperatures were being tolerated
by the macroinvertebrate larvae collected in the vicinity of this Power
Plant.
-------
16
Periphyton - Data collected during the 1970 and 1971 sampling
seasons are sujwaarized here. A substantial nuntoer of blue-green algae
were collected, with the majority occuring at the upstream station (92%)
and in the discharge canal (9330. At the downstream station 0.5 miles
from the Power Plant the blue-green population was less (83^). The
green algae and diatoms were far less abundant at all three sampling
stations with 6% and 2% respectively recorded upstream, 3$ and k% in
the plume, and 15% and 2% downstream. Due to the intermittent discharge
it can not be determined if the Power Plant is adversely affecting the
periphyton population, however, because of the relatively high down-
stream temperatures recorded at the time the plant was operating, it
is believed that this could be a potential problem area and should be
investigated further.
Hutsonville Power Plant - This Power Plant is located at river mile
161.6 on the Wabash River, 2 miles north of Hutsonville, Illinois, and
has a generating capacity of some 200 MW. Sampling was conducted in
July, August and October, 1970 and July, August, September and October,
1971.
Temperature - Data gathered during the summer and fall of 1970 and
1971 showed no temperature violation at the downstream river station,
0.5 miles below the cooling water discharge. During the majority of
visits to the Plant Site the temperature at the 0.5 mile station was
the same as the upstream control station. The maximum river temperature
recorded was 86°F on September 10, 1971. This occurred 0.5 miles down-
stream of the Power Plant. The highest AT temperature during the study
was 11°T (Table IX).
-------
17
Macroinvertebr at es - Samples were collected in August and October
1970 (Figure 18); and in August, September and October 1971 (Figure 21)
at locations 0025 miles upstream and 0.5 miles downstream of the Power
Plant. All samples collected in both 1970 and 1971 showed a decrease
in the total macroinvertebrate population at the downstream station.
This decrease is not believed to be related to water temperatures,
since no temperature violation was recorded at this station during the
study periodo The reason for the decrease in the organisms is not known
at this time.
Periphyton - No significant change was noted in the periphyton
population upstream and downstream of the Power Plant from data collected
during 1970 and 1971 to indicate that any damage occurred as a result
of the Plant's operation. The concentration of blue-green algae for
both sampling years combined was nearly identical, with 83/8 recorded at
the upstream control station and 85/6 at the 0.5 sri.le downstream station.
The green algae increased by k% at the downstream station, while the
diatoms were reduced by 6%. These differences were probably due to a
natural population fluctuation rather than temperature-caused fluctuations
since the temperatures at the 0.5 mile station were nearly always identical
to the control station.
-------
WHITE RIVER
Indianapolis Power and Light Company (IPALCO) - The Indianapolis Power
and Light Company generating station is a 732 MW plant located on the
White River near Petersburg, Indiana at river mile $0.0. Two units are
in operation at the present time. The first unit began operation in
June 1967; the second unit became operational in 1969. Construction of
a new U$0 MW unit is planned for 1977. This unit will be equipped with
off-stream cooling.
Temperature - Temperature data were first collected in April 1967,
two months prior to the operation of the first unit (Table I)» A
noticeable increase in the water temperature downstream of the Power
Plant was first observed in September 1967 when a 6°F temperature rise
above ambient was recorded0 From this date through September 1971,
the water temperature exceeded Indiana's 5°F rise above ambient limit
on four different occasions. These data are shown in Figure 6.
On one occasion the temperature downstream of IPALCO exceeded the
maximum monthly limit. This occurred on July 2U, 1968 when the temperature
reached 93°F (Figure 7).
Macroinvertebrates - The first series of macroinvertebrate samples
was collected from artificial substrates in April 1967 prior to the time
the Power Plant went into operation. The results of the sampling showed
a significant reduction in the macroinvertebrate population approximately
0.2$ miles downstream of the Power Plant as compared to the upstream
station, A similar condition occurred in June 1967 at the same location.
18
-------
19
A logical explanation seems to be that the bulldozing activity near the
downstream station during this time created an additional silt load in
the river which hampered the attachment and growth of macroinvertebrates.
The distribution and composition of macroinvertebrates collected
after the Plant went into operation was highly irregular. In some
instances the numbers declined downstream of the Plant's cooling water
discharge canal, while at other times there was a noticeable increase.
Because of this irregular population pattern it was difficult to determine
if the cooling water discharge adversely affected these organisms.
Periphyton - Periphyton sampling began in August and October, 1970
(Figure 8). Samples were obtained from stations located 0.25 miles up-
stream and 0.25 miles downstream of the Power Plant. The results of
these data showed an increase in the periphyton population at the downstream
station during both sampling periods. The temperature difference was not
great between the two sampling stations; in August a 3°P rise downstream
was noted, and in October there was a 2°F rise.
Periphyton samples were also collected in August, September and
October, 1971 (Figure 9). Again, an overall increase at the downstream
station was observed. Water temperatures were 7°F higher at the downstream
station during August and September and U°F higher in October. No
periphyton data were obtained downstream of IPALCO in October.
On a number of sampling runs it was noted that a foam-like substance
entered the river from the IPALCO Plant cooling water discharge. This
was most evident during the hot summer months and was very unsightly,
especially across the river where it had accumulated along the north shore.
-------
20
Hoosier Energy Division Petersburg Power Plant (REMC) - This 232 MW
Plant is located 0.8 miles downstream, and on the sane side of the river
as the Indianapolis Power and light Company's Plant at river mile U9.2.
The Plant began operation in 1970, and presently has two 116 MW units on
line.
Temperature - Tenperatures were taken at various locations down-
stream of the Hoosier Energy Plant in August and October 1970 and
August, September and October 1971 (Table HI). On ten different
occasions during these sampling periods the temperature exceeded the
5>°F above aabient limit, and on six occasions the maximum monthly limit
was exceeded (Figures 6 and 7). Delta T temperatures in the condenser
cooling water canal ranged from 111 to 20°F; the maximum temperature
occurred in September 1971.
The farthest downstream station where temperatures were recorded
was at Indiana Highway 61 bridge, 1.2$ miles below the Hoosier Energy
Plant. Maximum and minimum thermometer data showed a 12°F rise in the
water temperature at the Highway 61 bridge as compared to the ambient
temperatures upstream of IPALCO's Plant. This occurred during the period
of August 21 to October 16, 1970, A 10°F rise was recorded during the
period of July 21 to August 20, 1971 at the same location.
Macroinvertebrates - Macroinvertebrate data were collected in August
and October 1970, and August, September and October 1971 using artificial
substrate samplers. Samples were taken in the cooling water discharge
plume and at various downstream points to Highway 61 bridge. Figures 10
through lit show the distribution of the macroinvertebrate population
-------
21.
upstream and downstream of both Power Plants, and the relationship of
the population to the water temperatures taken at the time the samples
were collected.
A reduction in the total population was noted in the cooling water
discharge in August of 1970 and 1971, and October 1971. This reduction
was not evident in the October 1970 and September 1971 samples. The
next downstream station was in the river proper some 300 feet below
RHiC. Here the macroinvertebrate population increased sharply. This
is believed due to a significant increase in the periphyton at the same
location, which provided an abundant food source for the macroinvertebrates,
On one occasion the increase at this station was over 10 times greater
than what was recorded at the control station. Beyond the 300 foot
station the macroinvertebrate population decreased until at the Highway
61 bridge, 1.25 miles below the RBMC Plant, it was nearly comparable in
numbers to the control station,,
The macroinvertebrate taxa below the MMC Plant varied from station
to station. On two occassions ( August and September 1971) fewer taxa
were collected from the cooling water discharge than at any other station
during these months of sampling (Figures 12 and 13). At other times the
taxa in the cooling water discharge was generally comparable to the other
sampling stations. Entrainment damage occurs most during the hot summer
months when the cooling water temperature is highest. The temperature
range which affected the population most during this study was between
95 to 99°F (temperatures were not recorded above 99°F). Figure 16 shows
the distribution of macroinvertebrates collected at various temperature
ranges.
-------
22
Periphyton - The blue-greens were the most abundant periphyton in
the Lower White River, followed by diatoms and greens. Periphyton counts
during the two years of collection ranged from 7,000 to 200,000 cells/
am2, and included from 9 to 17 different taxa. Of the kinds collected,
four genera were adversely affected by the cooling water discharge.
They were Pediastrum. Cocconeis. Gomphonema and Melosira. During all
sampling periods these algae were either absent or greatly reduced in
numbers inmediatly downstream of REMC's discharge as compared to the
upstream control station.
Two series of periphyton samples were obtained in 1970 and three
in 1971. During both years, with the exception of the above named
genera, the population increased downstream of the Hoosier Energy Plant
(RH!C) and on two occasions was extremely abundant 0 This was in August
1970 and October 1971 where 65 and 80 percent of the population was
collected at the downstream station (Figures 8 and 9).
Figure 17 is a compilation of the periphyton collected at IPALCO
and REMC Power Plants during 1970 and 1971» These data show the in-
fluence the heated water has on the blue-green population in terms of
increased productivity. This is a point of concern since blue-green
algae are the most undesirable algae in the river, and are utilized
far less frequently than any other type as a food source by fish and
other aquatic organisms«, In addition, large numbers of these algae
cause undesirable tastes in drinking water, as well as produce a foul
odor which develops from products of decomposition as the algae begin
to die off. They also influence the dissolved oxygen-carbon dioxide
-------
23
balance in the river which, under favorable environmental conditions,
can result in a supersaturated state„
If the blue-green algae continue to increase as a result of higher
water temperatures downstream of the IPALCO and REMC Power Plants, it
seems that the overall result can only lead to progressively poorer
biological conditions in the future.
-------
21*
APPENDIX
-------
25
TABLE I
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
TEMPERATURE DATA
MAXIMUM MINIMUM
STATION DATE TEMP °F TEMP °F
MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM THERMOMETER DATA
Wabash River Power Plant
Cooling water discharge 7/lV71 to 7/20/71 106 84
Cooling water discharge 7/20/71 to 8/11/71 104 70
Cooling water discharge 8/11/71 to 8/24/71 98 80
0.25 mi. upstream 8/24/71 to 9/2/71 82 72
Cooling water discharge " " " ' 100 78
0.25 mi. upstream 9/2/71 to 9/8/71 80 78
Cooling water discharge " " " 100 86
0.25 mi upstream 9/8/71 to 9/28/71 80 6k
Cooling water discharge " " " 98 70
0.25 mi. upstream 9/28/71 to 10/6/71 68 62
Cooling water discharge HUM ^2 ^
CONTINUOUS RECORDING THERMOGRAPH DATA
0.75 mi. downstream 7/14/71 to 7/16/71 79 77
0.75 mi. downstream 7/20/71 to 7/21/71 77 74
0.75 mi. downstream 9/2/71 to 9/9/71 88 79
0.75 mi. downstream 9/9/71 to 9/26/71 8l 64
0.75 mi. downstream 9/28/71 to 10/11/71 75 59
-------
TABLE i (CONTINUED)
26
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
TEMPERATURE DATA
STATION
DATE
MAXIMUM
TEMP °F
MINIMUM
TEMP °F
Dresser Power Plant
0.5 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
0*5 mi. downstream
Breed Power Plant
0.5 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
HulBonvllle Power Plant
0.5 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM THERMOMETER DATA
7/W71 to 8/11/71 107
8/11/71 to 9/9/71 86
9/9/71 to 10/6/71 78
7/15/71 to 8/12/71
8A2/71 to 9AO/71
9AO/71 to 10/7/71
7A5/71 to 8A2/71 82
8/12/71 to 9AO/71 88
9AO/71 to 10/7/71 82
71*
72
68
102
105
70
66
82
68
72
80
68
Note - Maximum and Minimum thermometers and thermographs were used in 1971 only.
-------
TABLE II
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
WABASH RIVER POWER PLANT TEMPERATURE DATA
1970
Station Location
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.25 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
0.75 mi, downstream
1.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.75 mi. downstream
1.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.25 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
Ambient
Date Temp °F
7/8/70 72
n 72
n 72
it 72
u 72
n 72
8A8/70 79
" 79
" 79
79
79
10/8/70 66
" 66
" 66
" 66
Sampling Sta.
Temp °F
72
88
82
79
79
77
79
No temp, data
88
88
86
66
77
75
66
Terno °F
0
16
10
7
7
5
0
9
9
7
0
n
9
0
-------
TABLE III
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
DRESSER PCWHS PLANT TEMPERATURE DATA
28
1970
Ambient Sampling Sta.
Station Location
0.2f? mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.1 mi. downstream
0.75 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.1 mi. downstream
0.75 roi» downstream
1.75 mi. downstream
0.2^ roi» upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.1 mi. downstream
0.7^ mi. downstream
Date
7/8/70
it
ii
n
8A8/70
n
ii
n
ti
10/8/70
n
n
n
Temp °F
79
79
79
79
8ii
8!i
81i
8ii
81i
66
66
66
66
Temp °F
79
88
82
79
8U
91
88
88
88
66
77
70
66
Temp °F
0
9
3
0
0
7
li
k
h
0
n
ii
0
-------
TABLE TV
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTICH STUDY
BREED POWER PLANT TEMPERATURE DATA
29
1970
Ambient Sampling Sta. <£ T
Station Location
0.25 mi. upstream
0.5 mi. downstream
0.2$ mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.25 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
Date
7/9/70
ii
10/9/70
ii
it
ii
Temp °F
75
75
66
66
66
66
Temp °F
75
75
66
77
75
70
Temp "F
0
0
0
11
9
h
-------
30
TABLE V
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
HUT30NVILL5 PO/ER PLANT TEMPERATURE DATA
1970
Station Location
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
Date
7/9/70
11
11
8/17/70
tr
ii
10/9/70
It
1!
Ambient
Temp °F
77
77
77
81
81
81
66
66
66
Sampling Sta.
Terap °F
77
8U
77
81
86
81
66
75
68
A T
Temp °F
0
7
0
0
5
0
0
9
1
-------
TABLE VI
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
WABASH RIVER POWER PLANT TEMPERATURE DATA
1971
31
Station Location
0.2^ mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
Date
7/Ui/71
7AU/71
7/U/71
7/20/71
7/20/71
7/20/71
8/11/71
8/12/71
8/11/71
8/2W1
8/2U/71
8/2U/71
9/2/71
9/2/71
9/2/71
9/8/71
9/8/71
9/3/71
Ambient
Temp °F
77
77
77
7U
7k
7U
8U
8k
8U
77
77
77
79
79
79
79
79
79
Sampling Sta.
Temp °F
77
88
79
7U
86
75
81*
93
88
77
90
81
79
97
86
79
95
82
A T
Temp °F
0
11
2
0
12
1
0
9
U
0
13
U
0
18
7
0
16
3
-------
32
TABLE VI (CONTINUED)
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
WABASH RIVER POWER PLANT TEMP3RATURE DATA
1971
Ambient Sampling Sta. mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
Date
9/28/71
9/28/71
9/28/71
10/6/71
10/6/71
10/6/71
11/22/71
11/22/71
11/22/71
Temp °F
68
68
68
66
66
66
39
39
39
Temp °F
68
88
77
66
79
70
39
61
U6
Temp °F
0
20
9
0
13
h
0
22
7
-------
TABLE VII
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
DRESSER PQ-JEH PLANT TEMPERATURE DATA
1971
Ambient Sampling Sta. A T
Station Location
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
Date
7/W71
"
"
8/11/71
it
"
9/9/71
»
it
10/6/71
"
it
Temp °F
77
77
77
8k
8k
8k
82
82
82
72
72
72
Temn ^
77
88
79
8k
lOii
88
82
91
86
72
8U
72
Temp ^F
0
11
2
0
20
k
0
9
*
0
12
0
-------
TABLE VIII 31*
WABASH RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
BREED PCvER PLANT TEMPERATURE DATA
1971
Station Location
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
Date
7A5/71
n
"
8/12/71
11
n
9/10/71
»
"
10/7/71
n
i'
Ambient
Teirro °F
79
79
79
81
81
81
82
82
82
' 6k
6k
6k
Sampling Sta ,
Temp °F
79
79
79
81
82
82
82
93
88
6k
77
75
Temp °F
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
n
6
0
13
n
-------
TABLE IX
WABASH RI73R THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
HUTSONVILL3 POWER PLANT TEMPERATURE DATA
1971
Ambient Sampliag Sta. A T
m On m ^Art m . I
Station location
0.25 mi. upstream ,
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
0.25 mi. upstream
Cooling water discharge
0.5 mi. downstream
Date
7A5/71
ii
ti
8/12/71
it
it
9AO/71
ii
ti
10/7/71
it
ii
Temp °F
79
79
79
82
82
82
8U
8k
8U
68
68
68
Temp F
79
Mi
79
82
93
82
8U
91
86
68
75
68
Tenp °F
0
5
0
0
11
0
0
7
2
0
9
0
-------
TABLE X
36
WHITE RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
IPALCO PCWER PLANT*
1967-1968
Ambient Sampling Sta.
Station Location
0.25 mi« upstream
0.2^ mi. downstream
0.25 nd, upstream
0.25 nd. downstream
0.25 mi* upstream
0.25 mi. downstream
0*25 mi* upstream
0.25 mi. downstream
Date
UA8/67
UA8/67
7/28/67
7/28/67
9/29/67
9/29/67
7/2U/68
7/2V68
Temp °F
61
61
80
80
57
57
8U
8U
Temp °F
61
63
80
81
57
63
8U
93
Temp °F
0
2
0
1
0
6
0
9
# IEALCO became operational in June 1967.
-------
XI
WHITE RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
IPALCO AND HfiXC PO'JE* PLANTS
1970 - 1971
STATION
DATE
MAXIMUM
T3MP °F
at Kwy 6l bridge
8/21/70 to 10/16/70
90
3?
MINIMUM
T3M15 °F
MAXIMUM Am MII'JIMUM THERMOMETER DATA
0.25 mi. upstream of IPALCO 8/21/70 to 10/16/70 78 no data
At REMC water intake 8/21/70 to 10/16/70 88 5U
1.25 mi downstream of RSMC
0.25 mi. upstream of IPALCO 7/21/71 to 8/20/71
1.25 mi downstream of RSMC
at Hwy 61 bridge 7/21/71 to 8/20/71
90
7k
75
1,25 mi. downstream of REMC
at Kwy 6l bridge
8/20/71 to 9/27/71
90
72
1.25 mi. downstream of REMC
at Hwy 61 bridge
Q/27/71 to 10/27/71
8U
68
-------
TABLE XII
WHITE RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDY
IPALCO AND REMC POWER PLANTS
1970-1971
38
Station Location
0.25 mi. upstream of IPALCO
0.25 mi. downstream of IPALCO
Cooling water discharge-REMC
7^0 ft. downstream of REMC
1.25 mi. downstream of REMC!
at Hwy. 61 Bridge
0.25 mi. upstream of IPALCO
0.25 mi. downstream of IPALCO
Cooling water discharge-REMC
U50 ft. downstream of REMC
1.25 mi. downstream of REMC
at Hwy. 61 Bridge
0*25 mi. upstream of IPAICO
0.25 mi. downstream of IPAICO
Cooling water discharge-REMC
0.5 mi. downstream of REMC
1.25 mi. d ownstream-Hwy. 61
Bridge
0.25 mi. upstream of IPALCO
0.25 mi. downstream of IPALCO
Cooling water discharge-REMC
300 ft. downstream of REMC
0.5 mi. downstream of REMC
1.25 mi. downstream-Hwy . 61
Date
8/21/70
8/21/70
8A9/70
8/19/70
8/19/70
10/16/70
10/16/70
10/16/70
10A6/70
10/16/70
8/20/71
8/20/71
8/20/71
8/20/71
8/20/71
9/27/71
9/27/71
9/27/71
9/27/71
9/27/71
9/27/71
Ambient
Temp OF
81
81
81
81
81
59
59
59
59
59
79
79
79
79
79
68
68
68
68
68
68
Sampling Sta
Temp °F
81
8U
99
95
88
59
62
77
65
59
79
86
95
88
88
68
75 .
88
82
81
77
AT
Temp OF
0
3
18
1U
7
0
3
18
6
0
0
7
16
9
9
0
7
20
1U
13
9
Bridge
-------
TABLE xii (CONTINUED)
'39
WHITE RIVER THERMAL POLLUTION STUDT
IPALCO AND REMC POKER PLANTS
1970-1971
Ambient Sampling Stat _
Station Location Date Temp °F Temp °F Temp °F
0.25 mi. upstream of IPALCO 10/27/71
0.25 mi. downstream of IPALCO 10/27/71
Cooling water dis charge -REMC 10/27/71
300 ft. below REMJ 10/27/71
0.5 mi. downstream of REMC 10/27/71
1.25 mi. downstream-Hwy. 61 Bridge 10/27/71
65
65
65
65
65
65
65
69
79
71
71
70
0
k
lii
6
6
5
-------
TABLE XEII
ko
WHITE RIVER TEMPERATURE EXTREMES 196U - 1970
Petersburg, Indiana U.S.G.S. Gaging Station Thermograph
Water Year Maximum Temp. Minimum Temp.
OF Date °F Date
June
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
I96h
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
- Sept.
- Sept.
- Sept.
- Sept.
- Sept.
- Sept.
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
87°
88°
8U°
8U°
8U°
90°
8AM 32°
7/H; & 15 32°
7/26-28 35°
8/2 & 3
7/21-27 36°
8/9, 10,
8/21-26
7/5-9, 3U°
7/17-21
8/18-21 36°
12/22M
2/7/65
Several
Days
Jan. &
Feb.
Dec. 30-
Jan. 3,
Jan.18-20
Jan. 2-l5j
ol o Q
2U-25,
Feb. 10-21
VU-13
Jan. 8,
19-22,
Feb. 5-9
-------
TABLE XIV
FLCW DATA
Sample Collection Date
8 July, 1970
9 July, 1970
17 August, 1970
18 August, 1970
8 October, 1970
9 October, 1970
h July, 1971
3lj. July, 1971
15 July, 1971
11 August, 1971
12 August, 1971
2k August, 1971
2 September, 1971
8 September, 1971
9 September, 1971
10 September, 1971
28 September, 1971
6 October, 1971
7 Ostober, 1971
22 November, 1971
Wabash River at Terre Haute, Indiana
Flow (cfs)
U,660
U,360
3,380
3,180
Monthly mean cfs)
5,130
3,800
11,200
9,370
2,600
3,100
2,050
1,900
3,960
5,U30
5,610
No data
No data
No data
5,219
5,219
6,509
6,509
6,351
6,351
6,351
2,803
2,803
2,803
3,796
3,796
3,796
3,796
No data
No data
No data
-------
TABIE X7
FLOW DATA
White River at Petersburg, Indiana
Sample Collection Date Flow (cfs) Monthly tfean (cfs)
18 April, 196? 13,100 16,990
28 July, 1967 2,950 2,918
29 September, 1967 l,lliO 1,298
2U July, 1968 U,570 5,99k
19 August, 1970 2,090 2,957
21 August, 1970 2,860 2,957
16 October, 1970 3,720 2,1*30
1 December, 1970 3,300 5,655
2 December, 1970 3,18° 5,655
3 December, 1970 3,100 5,655
k December, 1970 3,000 5,655
20 August, 1971 2,050 3,200
20 September, 1971 2,020 2,387
27 September, 1971 2,780 2,387
10 October^ 1971 No data No data
27 October, 1971 No data No data
-------
7/8/70
i
01
H
0.25 mi. downstream
2 0.5 mi. downstream
7/8/70
£ »
CS £5*
0.75 mi. downstream
7/8/70
0.5 mi. downstream
8A8/70
W CO
* e
0.75 mi. downstream
8A8/70
0>.
t>
1
1.5 mi. downstream
8A8/70
10/8/70
8-
0.25 mi. downstream
Ql CD
CO
0.5 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
9/2/71
9/28/71
0.5 mi. downstream
11/22/71
"I
CD
TEMPERATURE °F ABOVE
NATURAL TEMPERATURES
ro
o
a
so
Jg 10/9/70
gg 0.25 mi. downstream
CD &
£& 9AO/71
® -«. 0.5 mi. downstream
0.5 mi. downstream
10/7/71
-------
TEMPERA
100
90 _
80 _
70 _
60
July 8 & 9, 1970
Flow (CFS)= U,660 for 7/8/70
U,360 for 7/9/70
Wabash R.
Power Pit.
Dresser
Breed
Hutsonville
fr.
£*
3
100
90 _
80 _
70 .
60
August 17, 1970
**-------
Flow (CFS) =3,380 «
a
o
Wabash R. Dresser Breed Hutsonville
Power Pit.
2
13
100 _
90
80 _
70 _
60
October 8 & 9, 1970
Flow (GFS) - U,900 for 10/8/70
5,130 for 10/9/70
Wabash R.
Power Pit.
Dresser
Breed
Hutsonville
\ Mile Upstream
Cooling Water
% to 3/h Mile Downstream
Figure 2 Temperature Data From Wabash River
for Ju^y, August, and October, 1970
-------
TEMPERATURE °F
TEMPERATURE F
TEMPERATURE °F
TEMPERATURE °F
c?$
a"
H »
ei- •
*
CO
CO
CO
Q
W
a
s
c<-
CO
A
e
-0
O
H> O ^
O » H'
^^•2
^H,
UJ
*; >-3
8-1
Co -B
8-
f
•i
i
0)
ei-
c?
e*
I
-o
<•
H
iS
H
0)
ft
CO
I
CD
PL
H1
(D
W
Si?
\o\o
\O co
0>
O M-
3 8
a»
•8
1
I
3
§ 8
' 03
S
M
ff
CO
!
e
-J oo v
o o c
j I I
§
CD CO
as
I
X
1x3
a- > §
e
O
I **
8
HH
8 §
j i
M
vn
H
VO
-0
vn
-------
80-
60-
Uo-
K
20-
8/11/71
JABASH RIVER POWER PLANT
9/9/71
^100
10/6/71
-80
-60
-UO
-20
3 h
CS •
-p 5 fa
s^S
J3 ooo
co« •
««5
!,gj
CO -p
XfNJS fi
CVJ CD
• VH t-l
O O P*
I PL.
(0
T3 «Jn
-------
100 -, DRESSER POWER PLANT
80 _
60 _
U0_
20 _j
8/11/71
9/9/71
BREED POWER PLANT
9/10/71
10/7/71
mrrsowiLLE POWER PLANTJ.OO
9/io/n 10/7/71
80
60
_20
Periphyton data showing total population by percent at Dresser, Breed and Hutsonville
Power Plants - 1971.
Direction of Flow.
-------
TEMPERATURE °P
CO
d>
P.
•1
a
8 IT
09
LJ.
|f
0) >1
CO H-
CO
CO CD
O
31
9/29/61
0.25 mi. dotnstream of
IPAICO
7/2l*/68
0.25 mi. downstream of
IPAL30
8A9/70
750 ft. downstream of
REM3
8A9/70
1.25 mi. downstream of
REM3
10/LS/70
U50 ft* downstream of
REMC
8/20/71
0*25 ad. downstream of
IPAICO
. 8/20/71
_mx. downstream of
8/20/71
1.25 mi. downstream of
REM3
9/27/71
0.25 mi. downstream of
IPALCO
9/27/71
300 ft. downstream of
mm
* . ^ 9/27/71 ,
.5 mi. downstream of
9/27/71
1.25 mi. downstream of
REMC
10/27/71
300 ft. downstream of
REM3
10/27/71
0,5 mi. downstream of
REMC
ro
o
-------
TEMPERATURE F
1.2^ miles downstream
Highway 61 Bridge
1.25 miles downstream
Highway 61 Bridge
1.2^ miles downstream
Highway 61 Bridge
1.25 miles downstream
Highway 61 Bridge
1.25 miles downstream
Highway 61 Bridge
12 A/70
of REMC at
12/2/70
of REM3 at
12/3/70
of REMJ at
12/U/70
of REM3 at
12/5/70
of REMC at
7/2V68
0.25 miles downstream of IPAH30
8/19/70
750 ft. downstream of REMC
w
3
p.
ro -so a a -o
w co 9
O
I*
I «•
a
CO
-------
WHITE RIVER
100 _
80.
11
8/21/70
10
60.
20 _
81°F
13 13
10/16/70
6h°F
,.100
Number of Taxa
_80
60
_UO
20
Figure 8 Periphyton Data showing total population by percent upstream
and downstream of the IFAICO and REMD Power Plants near
Petersburg, Indiana - 1970
Direction of Flow
-------
100
80
60
hO-
20 _
17
13
T
go
CM CM
68°F
WHITE RIVER
Number of Taxa
17 U3 12 15 13
9/27/71
82°F
ra
So
IAH
CM
o o
a .
23
ra
CM
6U°F
100
80
60
20
ra (X,
x«\n
CM
•d
-------
PERCENT OF TOTAL POPULATION
0.25 mi. above
IPAICO
8/21/70
0.25 mi. below
IPALGO, L.
8/21/70
0.25 nd. below
IPAICO, R.
8/21/70
REMO cooling
water discharge
8A9/70
300 ft. below
REM3
8A9/70
0.5 nd. below
REM3
8/19/70
1.25 nd. below
REMC Hwy. 61
8/19/70
IPO
» B
a» o
ff °
ct- 6»
2 *
I
io
s
o
-------
100* _
80$ _
20* _
WHITE RIVER, IPAICO AND REMC, OCTCBER 16, 1970
Basket Saaptora
Direction, of Flow
n
12
20
16
21
59°F
59°F
62°F
62°F
57°F
n
ra 3
o
I
OS H
vr\ O
CM H
CD Ji
oa
•g
ra
3!
;S3
CM
0-.SS
VA
H JS
Figure 11 Macrcdnvertebrate data showing total population by percent upstream, in cooling water
discharge, and downstream of the IPAICO and REM3 Power Plants near Petersburg, Indiana.
-------
PERCENT OF TOTAL POPULATION
rr-
O
g
O
to
0.25 mi. below
51 5" 3F IPAICO
a o
2 ° **
*i
j?t
£ « £ 0.25 ad. below
a g-S* IPAICO
0> CO 03
O &* 0)
2 5 u REM3 cooling
§* *S o wa*er discharge
.5 ad. below
x^5 BH. below
REMC at Hwy.
61 Bridge
og
ro
ro
os
»i
s,
I s
- ^^ ^^
CD H- O
2. *a o
§
I
0)
I
O
<•
(o
-------
100 _
80-
S
M
H
3
Hi
g
H
fe
•"••*
e
60-
UO-
20-
WHITE RIVER, IPAICO AND REMD, SEPTEMBER 20, 1971
Multiple-Plate Sampler
Direction of Flow
16
•s
•go
•go
tA^
CM ««
oft
n
20
18 Number of Tsxa
I
I
vn
vn
H I
Figure 13 Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by percent upstream in
cooling water discharge, and downstream of the IPAICO and REM2 Power
Plants near Petersburg, Indiana.
-------
100
WHITE RIVER IPAICO AND REMC, OCTOBER 10, 1971
Multiple-Plate Sampler
Direction of Flow
80
60
17
16
(0
17
71°F
13
16 Number of Taxa
I
H •
vn
CM
ft
CM
8i
Figure Hi Macroinvertebrate data showing total population by percent upstream, in
ngur« .w coollng ^ter discharge, and downstream of the IPAICO and REMC Power
Plants near Petersburg, Badiana.
-------
Figure 15
DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC TAXA AT DIFFERENT TEMP. RANGES
WABASH RI7ER
TEMP. RANGE °P
57
60
70
80
90
1)00
Hjieotatytergug
PcOypedllum
Psectrocladius
Glyptotendipes
Chlrononus
Harnischia
Procladlus
Cryptochircaiopius
ParacbiroooaHus
Dlcroiendlpes
C oiy nopeura
Stenochiropomus
Einfeldia
Cricotopus
Pentaneurini
Potanyia
Hydropsyche
Chevunatopsyche
Leptocella
Neureclipsis
Triaenodes
MIDGE FLIES
CADDISFLIES
ou
oO
100
-------
Figure 13
WABASH RIVER (Ccntinued)
Temp. Range °F
60 70
Acroneuria
Caenis
Stenopema
Isonychia
Tricorythodes
Baetis
Argia
Corydalus
Angyrooffx
StenelndLs
Drrqps
Fectlnatella
Plmaatella
Faludicella
Lophopodella
Hirudinea
Niadidae
Tubificidae
80
100
STCNEFLEES
MAYFLIES
ORAGCNFLIBS & DAMSBLFLIES
DCBSCKFLIES
BEETLES
MOSS ANIMALS
SEGMENTED WCRMS
60
70
90
100
-------
Figure 16
DISTRIBUTION OF 3ENTHIC TAXA AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE RANG
I/HITS RIVER, PETERSBURG, INDIANA
Rheotanytarsus
Polypedilum
Psectrocladius
Glyptotendlpes
Chironomus
Harnischia
Procladlus
Tribelos
Goelotanypus
Gr^'ptochironomus
Parachironornus
Dicrotendipes
Corynoneura
gheocricotopus
Xenochi ronomus
Pentaneurini
Othocladiinae
IjO
TEMP. RANGE °F
60 70 80
M3DGS FLE3
100
60 70
TEMP. RANGE °F
100
-------
Potarqyla
Hydrppsyche
Cheuna_to£sy_che_
Macronernum
Gyrnellus
Legtocella
Neureclipsls
Athrlpsqdes
Qscetis
Polycentropus
Hydroptilidae
Aeroneuria
Isoperla
Perliaella
Taeniopteryx
Meoperla
Figure 16 Continued
TEMP. PANGE °F
50 60 70
60
80
100
GADDUFLOS
3TCNSFLE3
To"
70
on
-------
Caenls
Stenonema
Ephemerella
Potamanthus
Hexagenia
Heptagenia
Isan^chla
Trlcorythodes
Baetis
Leptophlebia
Pentagenia
Argia
Gcnphus
Hetaerina
Neurocordulia
Dromogomphus
labelludae
Figure 16 Continued
TEMP. RANGE °F
61
60
70
80
100
MAYFLIES
DRAGONFUES & DAMSEIFLIES
50
60 70
TEMP. RANGE °F
80
90
100
-------
100
WHITE RIVER
80_
S
85
« 6o-
5
M
O
i 20-
0
Figure 17 - White River periphyton data
1
ll
collected at IPALCO and REMC power
.•
p plants near Petersburg, Indiana
.1
1970 and 1971
BG * Blue Green Algae
G= Green Algae
D = Diatoms
ll
OO
OQ
OOO
gO
OOQ gOQ
t^3
a ra
o o
»v
2
w o
i!
\A
CVJ
• v<
o o
&£
o
•«
4»
^
*n
8
•g
UA
c>
xn^
c5^
o
IX)
-P
CO
•d
-------
Wabash River
100 Power Plant
16 12 12
80
60
O
20
13
8A8/70
88°F
•—»
i
i o
CO 4^
\A C) C
CM fc CO
• -P H
O ra Pu
10/8/70 66°!
6U°F
. I S
§£ IP
•HE 6 E ,
E co -P co 4s
1A S-i CO CM fn
• +3 rA • -P
O K) PH O M
Dresser Breed
Power Plant Power Plant
18 15 12 11
8/18/70 10/9/70
ll
OJ
• Vl
O O
70°F
§1
• -P H
O ra d<
C\J
•
o
o
•
•g S
XA ^i co
• -P H
O w PH
11
Hutsonville
Power Plant
10 19
11
8/L7/70 10/9/70
81°F
I §
O.P*
%
•aE
8l°F
I 5
§£
**
&S
-------
100
Wabash River
Power Plant
9/9/71
80
60
1*0
20
0
to
e
•8
XA
CM
Figure 19
CD
4^>
CO
& CD
bO
hp In
C 3
•rj rC
H O
O CO
O -H
O TJ
10
Wabash River
Power Plant
12
10/6/71
11
66°F
79°F
S
o
TJ
•g
1A
•
O
CO
xr\
CM
fc
-------
100
8
12
80
60
w
o
1*0
82°F
20
0
Breed Power Plant
11 11 12
9/10/71
e
CO
I
CO
•g
cvj
•
O
I
to
-------
100
80
60
o
20
10 10
8/12/71
Hutsonville Power Plant
12 9 9
9/10/71 10/7/71
86°F
68°F
68°F
Number of Taxa
CD
8
-P
to
I
XA XA
-------
67
REGULATION SPC 1R-2 _
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
FOR WATERS OF INDIANA
' MINIMUM CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO ALL
WATERS AT ALL PLACES AND AT ALL TIMES
1. Free from substances attributable to municipal,
industrial, agricultural or other discharges
that will settle to form putrescent or otherwise
objectionable deposits.
2. Free from floating debris, oil, scum, and other
floating materials attributable to municipal,
industrial, agricultural) or other discharges in
.amounts sufficient to be unsightly or deleterious.
3. Free from materials attributable to municipal,
industrial, agricultural or other discharges pro-
ducing color, odor or other conditions in such
degree as to create a nuisance.
U. Free from substances attributable to municipal,
industrial, agricultural or other discharges in
concentrations or combinations which are toxic
or harmful to human, tnimal, plant, or aquatic life,
STREAM- QUALITY CRITERIA
»
FOR PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
The following criteria are for evaluation of
stream quality at the point at which water is with-
drawn for treatment and distribution as a potable
supply:
r-
-1-
-------
68
1. Bacteria; Coliform group not to exceed 5,000 per
100 ml as a monthly-average value (either MPN or
MF count); nor exceed this number in more than 20
percent of the samples examined during any month;
nor exceed 20,000 per TOO ml in more than five
percent of such samples.
2. Threshold-odor number; Taste and odor producing
substances, other than naturally occurring, shall
not interfere with the production of a finished
water by conventional treatment consisting of
coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and chlori-
nation^ The threshold odor number of the finished
water must be three or less.
3» Dissolved sol ids; Other than from naturally
occurring sources not to exceed 50O mg/1 as a
monthly-average value, nor exceed 750 mg/1 at any
time. Values of specific conductance of 800 and
1,200 micromhos/cm (at 25°C.) may be considered
equivalent to dissolved-solids concentrations of
500 and 750 mg/1.
U. Radioactive substances; Water supplies shall be
approved without further consideration of other
sources of radioactivity intake of Padium-226 and
Strontium-90 when the water contains these sub-
stances in amounts not exceeding 3 and 10 pico-
curies per liter, respectively. In the known
absence of Strontium-90 and alpha emitters, the
water supply is acceptable when the gross beta
concentrations do not exceed 1,OOO picocuries
per liter.
5. Chemical constituents; Not to exceed the fol-
lowing specified concentrations at any time:
»
Constituent Concentration (mg/l)
Arsenic ' O.O5
Barium I .O
Cadmium . O.O1
Chromium O.05
(Hexavalent)
-2-
-------
69
Constituent Concentration (mg/l)
Cyanide O.025
Fluoride 1.0
Lead .O.05 '
Selenium O.01
Silver O.05
FOR INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY
The following criteria are applicable to stream
water at the point at which the water is withdrawn
for use (either with or without treatment) for in-
dustrial cooling and processing:
1. Dissolved oxygen; Not less than 2.0 mg/1 as a
daily-average value, nor less than 1.0 mg/1 at
any time.
/
2. pH; Not less than 5-0 nor greater than 9-0-at
any time.
3. Temperature; Not to exceed 95°F. at anytime,
U. Dissolved solids; Other than from naturally
occurring sources not to exceed 750 mg/1 as a
monthly-average value, nor exceed 1,000 mg/1 at
any time. Values of specific conductance of
1,200 and 1,600 micromhos/cm (at 25°C.) may be
considered equivalent to dissolved solids con-
centrations of 750 and 1,000 mg/1.
FOR AQUATIC LIFE
The following criteria are for evaluation of con-
ditions for the maintenance -of a well-balanced, warm-
water fish population. They are applicable at any
point in the stream except for areas immediately
adjacent to outfalls. In such areas cognizance will
be given to opportunities for the admixture of waste
effluents with the receiving water:
\. V *'
-------
70
1. Dissolved oxygen; Concentrations che.ll average at
least 5.0 mg/1 per calendar day and shall not be
less than k.O mg/1 at any time or any place outside
the mixing zone.
2* p_H: No values below 6.0 nor above 8.5, except dailj
fluctuations which exceed pH 8.5 and are correlated
with photosynthetic activity, may be tolerated.
However, any sudden drop below 6.0 or sudden rise
above 8.5 not related to photosynthesis indicates
abnormal conditions which should be investigated
immediately.
3. Temperaturet
Warm Water Species
a. There shall be no abnormal temperature
changes that may affect aquatic life
unless caused by natural conditions.
b. The normal daily and seasonal temperature
fluctuations that existed before the addi-
tion of heat due to other than natural
causes shall be maintained.
c. The maximum temperature rise at any time
or place above natural temperatures shall
not exceed 5°F» In addition, the water
temperature shall not exceed the maximum
limits indicated in the following table:
•
St. Joseph River Other
Ohio River Tributary to Indiana
Main Stem Lake Michigan Streams
January 50 50 50
February 50 50 50
March 60 55 60 -
April 70 65 70 .
May 80 75 80
June 87 85 90
-U-
-------
71
St. Joseph River Other
Ohio River Tributary to Indiana
Main Stem Lake Michigan Streams
July 89 85 ' 90
August 89 85 90
September 8? 85 90
October 78 70 78 "
November 70 60 . 70 '
December 57 50 57
•Cold Water Species
a. In trout and salmon streams where
natural reproduction is to be protected,
no heat shall be added.
b. In put-and-take streams, temperature
shall not exceed 65°F. or a 5°F. rise
above natural, whichever is less.
U. Toxic substances; Not to exceed -one-tenth of
the 96-hour median tolerance limit obtained from
continuous flow bioassays where the dilution
water and toxicant are continuously renewed,
except that other application factors may be used
'in specific cases when justified on the basis of
available evidence and approved by the appropriate
regulatory agencies.
5. Taste and odor; There shall be no substances
which impart unpalatable flavor to food fish, or
result in noticeable offensive odors in the
vicinity of the water-
6. Trout streams;» In addition, the following criteria
are applicable to those waters designated for put-
and-take trout fishing:
&. pissolved oxygen; Concentrations shall not
. be less than 6.0 mg/1 at any time or any
place. Spawning areas (dnring the spawning
season) shall be protected by a minimum DO
concentration of 7-0 mg/3 .
-5. • .
-------
72
FOR RECREATION
The fo32owirg criteria are for emuiuatlon of con-
ditions at any point in waters designated to be used
for recreational purposes:
1. Whole body contact: The fecal coliform content
(either MPN or MF count) shall not exceed 200 per
100 ml as a monthly geometric mean based on not
less than five samples per month; nor exceed UOO
per 100 ml in more than ten percent of all samples
taken during a month. The months of April through
October,- inclusive, are designated as the recrea-
tional season.
2. Partial body contact; The fecal coliform .content
(either MPN or MF count) shall not exceed a geo-
metric mean of 1,000 per 100 ml, nor exceed 2,000
per 100 ml in more than ten percent of the samples.
FOR AGRICULTURAL OR STOCK WATERING
Criteria are the same as those shown for minimum
conditions applicable to all waters at all places and
at all times.
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified, the term average
as used herein means an arithmetical average.
NOTE 2: The analytical procedures used as methods of
analyses to determine the chemical, bacteri-
ological, biological, and radiological quality
of waters samples shall be in accordance with
the latest edition of Standards Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater or other
methods approved by the Indiana Stream
Pollution Control Board and the Environmental
Protection Agency, Water Quality Office.
-------
73
A Preliminary Study of the Taste and Odor Problems
In Grand Lake, Ohio and the Wabash River, Indiana
Note - The following two pages are excerpts from
this report
By
Max A. Anderson
Aquatic Biologist
And
James H. Adarag, Jr.
Microbiologist
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
U. S. Department of the Interior
Ohio Basin Region
Lower Ohio Basin Office
Evansville, Indiana
October 1969
-------
Chwie*! Data - Waba»h River. Indian* and
Table 15 (Cont'd)
P»S*_5 of Table 15
58
Station Description Nitrate
Sta. and Nitrogen
!(o. Sampling Date Mf'l
Wabath River
W-71 Clinton, Indiana
Nov«nber 17, 1967 lA
December 28, 1967 UA
February 20, 1963 U-l
March 26, 1968 "*-9
April 16, 1968 '••I
May 7. 1968 1.1
June 11. 1963 "»A
Wabaah River
W-6l Terre Haute, Indiana
Novaaber 22, 1967 0.95
December 23, 1967 U.3
March 7, 1968 3.1
March 25, 1#8 5.0
April 18, 1968 l».0
May 9, 1968 1.1
May 21, 1968 "»-3
June 11, 1968 l».l
UaftMh River
«-*5 Naroa, Indiana
Nov«a>b«r t2, 1967 1.3
January 3, 1968 U.I
March 7, 1968 1.1
March 25, 1968 3.3
April 18, 1968 0.78
Ma 10. 1968 1.0
June 10, 1968 U.3
Ammonia
Nitrogen
MB/I
—
—
--
0.09
o.oU
0.05
0.08
~
~
0.16
0.10
0.05
0.19
0.20
• 0.17
—
--
0.15
0.16
o.ou
o.oU
--
Total
K^el.
1.0
--
0.6
--
1.1
l.U
--
1.0
"
1.6
--
1.0
1.2
2.2
1.8
1.6
—
—
—
—
3.3
--
Total
Phos.
M.-/1
0.22
0.33
O.?0
0.17
0.18
0.22
0.19
0.19
O.Uo
0.21
0.13
0.18
0.19
0.36
0.18
0.23
0.21
0.13
0.16
0.2U
o.?«
0.23
Total
Soluble
0.16
0.083
0.033
0.105
—
--
—
0.12
0.071
0.11
0.091
—
—
—
__
0.16
0.071
O.OU2
0.070
—
—
—
Soluble
O.lU
0.077
0.083
0.090.
0.10
0.076
0.069
0.11
0.075
0.10
0.078
0.033
O.OU2
0.079
0.060
0.15
0.072
0.027
0.050
O.OUU
O.OU -7
0.07k
Susp.
Solias
Mg/1
12
230
55
32
32
—
--
13
2UO
9
39
U6
—
250
_-
3U
5U
18
UO
85
--
—
Susp.
Vol.
Solids
MBA
2
32
7
7
--
--
—
3
26
1
7
—
—
—
.»
9
3
1.5
8
--
--
—
Field"
DO
Mc/1
10.0
12.0
—
—
9A
8A
--
11.0
12.5
—
—
9.7
9.2
--
..
10.0
10.5
—
—
10. u
9.3
1
— J
Water
Tegp.
5
0
0
--
lU
18
26
6
0
0
—
lU
18
--
27
8
0
0
—
15
18
27
Field
pH
7.8
8.0
—
--
8.2
8.1
7.0
7.0
8.1
--
—
8.9
8.1
—
7.7
7.7
7-9
—
—
7.8
7.U
• 7.2
85J? Tjrb-
750 iu
380 190
U3
22
5UO 22
U70 30
520 30
900 12
380 210
13
20
550 19
500 29
220
550 2U
775 lU
U8o 80
2k
3k
U30 63
U8o 100
520 U5
-------
53
•uooary of Cheaical Data
md Grand Lake, Ohio
Sta. Station
Uo. Description
Uabash River
U-71 Clinton, Ind.
Wabash River
W-6l Terre Haute,
Ind.
...
Wabash River
W-l*5 Her on, Ind.
Wabash River
W-33 Vincennes, Ind.
Wabash River
W-19 Mt. Carmel,
ininois
Wabash River
W-10 Nev Harmony,
Indiana
- Uabash River,
Nitrate
Nitrogen
Max. 1».9
Min. 1.1
Av3. 3-5
Max. 5.0
Min. 0.95
Avg. 3.35
Max. 1*.3
Min. 0.78
Avg. 2.3
Max. U.7
Min. i.o
Avg. 3.3
Max. U.2
Min. 0.76
Avg. 2.7
Max. 3.9
Min. 0.86
AvG. 2.1*5
Indiana
Aranonia
Nitrogen
K-j/1
0.09
o.oi*
0.0&5
0.20
0.05
o.ii*
0.16
o.oi*
—
0.16
o.ou -
~
0.35
0.05
0.13
0.10
0.03
0.07
Total Total
K '61. PVino
Hitmen ™°s •
Hg/1 It/1
1.1* 0.38
0.6 0.17
1.02 0.22
2.2 0.1*0
1.0 0.13
1.1*6 0.21*
3.8 0.28
1.6 0.13
2.7 0.21
u.o 0.23
1.6 0.15
2.8 0.19
3. 0.31
0.9 0.20
1.8 0.23
2.2 0.31
1.3 O.lU
0.22
Table Ik
Novemi'er 1967
°Fhos.
0.16
0.083
o.n .
0.12
0.071
0.098
0.16
0.01*2
0.006
o.n
0.056
0.073
0.15
0.069
0.97
0.17
0.062
0.096
(Cont'd)
Thru June 1968
Soluble
Ortho-
O.lU
0.069
0.09
o.n
6.01*2
0.078
0.15
0.027
0.066
0.10
0.01*5
0.07
0.15
0.050
0.082
0.16
0.01*8
0.078
Susp.
Solids
Ms/1
230
12
72.2
250
9
99.5
85
18
1*6.2
83
8
1*2.1
130
1*2
7"*.l
lUo
15
60.3
Susp.
gids
32
2
12
26
1
9.25
9
1
6.7
9
1
5
16
1
11.75
19
1
10.5
Field
DO
ME/I
12.0
8.1*
9.95
12.5
9.2
10.6
10.5
9.3
10.1
12.5
9-3
10.8
13.0
9-3
n.o
13.5
9.2
11.6
Wa ter
Tgnp.
26
0
10.5
27
0
11
27
0
11.3
26
0
11.3
25
0
10.8
26
0
10.8
.Page 3 of
Field Fielc
8.2 750
7.0 380
532
8.9 900
7.0 380
576
7-9 775
7.2 1*30
537
8.3 775
7.1* . 1*70
561
8.1 760
7.0 300
t*
8.1 750
7.2 1+30
516
lablsjli
Turb.
4m J-V-
190
. Ik
50
220
12.
68
100
11.
51
99
13
38
190
25
62
ll*0
20
55
------- |