vvEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste And
Emergency Response
(5201 G)
EPA/540/R-95/070
PB95-962902
9200.5-702C
May 1995
SUPERFUND:
Progress at
National
Priority
List Sites
ALABAMA
1995 UPDATE
Printed on Recycled Paper
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How to Use the NPL Book
The site fact sheets presented in this book
are comprehensive summaries that cover a
broad range of information. The fact sheets
describe hazardous waste sites on the NPL and
their locations, as well as the conditions
leading to their listing ("Site Description").
The summaries list the types of contaminants
that have been discovered and related threats
to public and ecological health ("Threats and
Contaminants"). "Cleanup Approach" pres-
ents an overview of the cleanup activities
completed, underway, or planned. The fact
sheets conclude with a brief synopsis of how
much progress has been made in protecting
public health and the environment. The
summaries also pinpoint other actions, such as
legal efforts to involve polluters responsible
for site contamination and community con-
cerns.
The fact sheets are arranged in alphabetical
order by site name. Because site cleanup is a-
dynamic and gradual process, all site informa-
tion is accurate as of the date shown on the
bottom of each page. Progress is always being
made at NPL sites, and the EPA periodically
will update the site fact sheets to reflect recent
actions. The following two pages show a
generic fact sheet and briefly describe the
information under each section.
How Can You Use
This State Book?
You can use this book to keep informed
about the sites that concern you, particu-
larly ones close to home. The EPA is commit-
ted to involving the public in the decision
making process associated with hazardous
waste cleanup. The Agency solicits input from
area residents in communities affected by
Superfund sites. Citizens are likely to be
affected not only by hazardous site conditions,
but also by the remedies that combat them.
Site cleanups take many forms and can affect
communities in different ways. Local traffic
may be rerouted, residents may be relocated,
temporary water supplies may be necessary.
Definitive information on a site can help
citizens sift through alternatives and make
decisions. To make good choices, you must
know what the threats are and how the EPA
intends to clean up the site. You must under-
stand the cleanup alternatives being proposed
for site cleanup and how residents may be
affected by each one. You also need to have
some idea of how your community intends to
use the site in the future, and you need to know
what the community can realistically expect
once the cleanup is complete.
The EPA wants to develop cleanup methods
that meet community needs, but the Agency
only can take local concerns into account if it
understands what they are. Information must
travel both ways in order for cleanups to be
effective and satisfactory. Please take this
opportunity to learn more, become involved,
and assure that hazardous waste cleanup at
"your" site considers your community's
concerns.
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NPL LISTING HISTORY
Provides the dates when the
site was Proposed, made Final,
and Deleted from the NPL.
SITE RESPONSIBILITY
Identifies the Federal, State,
and/or potentially responsible
parties taking responsibility
for cleanup actions at the site.
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROGRESS
Summarizes the actions to
reduce the threats to nearby
residents and the surrounding
environment and the progress
towards cleaning up the site.
SITE NAME
STATE
EPAIQ* ABCOOOOOOO
Site Description
EPA REGION XX
COUNTY NAME
LOCATION
Other Names:
: xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx :
: xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx \
: xxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxx x xxx
XXXXXXX XXX XXx7x**jfjCXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX :
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX^bMU^X XXX XX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxjuttewjsxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxx xxx xxxxxx
XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXX x3BB»^CXX XXXXXX XX XXXX XXX XXXXX XXX XXXXX XXX XXXXX
Site Responsibility:
xxxxxx xxx xxxxx :
xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX
NPL Listing History
Proposed XX/XX/XX
Final XX/XX/XX
Threats and Contaminants
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX
XXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX X XXX XX XXXXXXXXX"
XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX XX.
Cleanup Approach
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX XXXXXXXX
Response Action Status
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX :
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX\
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX :
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX ;
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX X XXX XX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX
XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX JtXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXX
XXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX :
Site Facts:
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX
^SiXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX
Environmental Progress
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX XXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
Site Repository
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX
SITE REPOSITORY
Lists the location of the primary site repository. The site
repository may include community relations plans, public
meeting announcements and minules, fact sheets, press
releases, and other site-related documents.
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SITE DESCRIPTION
This section describes the location and history of the site. It includes descrip-
tions of the most recent activities and past actions at the site that have con-
tributed to the contamination. Population estimates, land usages, and nearby
resources give readers background on the local setting surrounding the site.
THREATS AND CONTAMINANTS
The major chemical categories of site contamination are noted, as well as
which environmental resources are affected. Icons representing each of the
affected resources (may include air, groundwater, surface water, soil, and
contamination to environmentally sensitive areas) are included in the margins
of this section. Potential threats to residents and the surrounding environ-
ments arising from the site contamination also are described.
CLEANUP APPROACH
This section contains a brief overview of how the site is being cleaned up.
®
RES°ONSE ACTION STATUS
Specific actions that have been accomplished or will be undertaken to clean
up the site are described here. Cleanup activities at NPL sites are divided
into separate phases, depending on the complexity and required actions at the
site. Two major types of cleanup activities often are described: initial,
immediate, or emergency actions to quickly remove or reduce imminent
threats to the community and surrounding areas; and long-term remedial
phases directed at final cleanup at the site. Each stage of the cleanup strategy
is presented in this section of the summary. Icons representing the stage of
the cleanup process (initial actions, site investigations, EPA selection of the
cleanup remedy, engineering design phase, cleanup activities underway, and
completed cleanup) are located in the margin next to each activity descrip-
tion.
SITE FACTS
Additional information on activities and events at the site are included in this
section. Often details on legal or administrative actions taken by the EPA to
achieve site cleanup or other facts pertaining to community involvement with
the site cleanup process are reported here.
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Guide to the NPL Book Icons
The "icons," or symbols, accompanying the text allow the reader to see at a glance which envi-
ronmental resources are affected and the status of cleanup activities at the site.
Icons in the Threats
and Contaminants
Section
Icons in the Response
Action Status Section
Contaminated Groundwater re-
sources in the vicinity or underlying
the site. (Groundwater is often used
as a drinking water source.)
Contaminated Surface Water and
Sediments on or near the site.
(These include lakes, ponds,
streams, and rivers.)
Contaminated Air in the vicinity of
the site. (Air pollution usually is
periodic and involves contaminated
dust particles or hazardous gas
emissions.)
Contaminated Soil and Sludges on
or near the site. (This contamination
category may include bulk or other
surface hazardous wastes found on
the site.)
Threatened or contaminated Envi-
ronmentally Sensitive Areas in the
vicinity of the site. (Examples
include wetlands and coastal areas
or critical habitats.)
R°DCx
Initial, Immediate, or Emergency
Actions have been taken or are
underway to eliminate immediate
threats at the site.
Site Studies at the site to determine
the nature and extent of contamina-
tion are planned or underway.
Remedy Selected indicates that site
investigations have been concluded,
and the EPA has selected a final
cleanup remedy for the site or part
of the site.
Remedy Design means that engi-
neers are preparing specifications
and drawings for the selected
cleanup technologies.
Cleanup Ongoing indicates that the
selected cleanup remedies for the
contaminated site, or part of the site,
currently are underway.
Cleanup Complete shows that all
cleanup goals have been achieved
for the contaminated site or part of
the site.
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EPA ID
NUMBER
AL6210020008
AL3210020027
ALD001221902
ALD041906173
ALD067102301
ALD031618069
ALD008188708
ALD980728703
AL7210020742
ALD980844385
ALD095688875
ALD008161176
ALD007454085
ALD983166299
SITE NAME
ALABAMA ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
ANNISTON ARMY DEPOT (SE INDUSTRIAL AREA)
CIBA-GEIGY CORP. (MCINTOSH PLANT)
INTERSTATE LEAD CO. (ILCO)
MONARCH TILE MANUFACTURING, INC.
MOWBRAY ENGINEERING CO
OLIN CORP. (MCINTOSH PLANT)
PERDIDO GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
REDSTONE ARSENAL (USARMY/NASA)
REDWING CARRIERS, INC. (SARALAND)
STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO. (COLD CREEK PLANT)
STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO. (LEMOYNE PLANT)
T. H. AGRICULTURE & NUTRITION (MONTGOMERY)
TRIANA/TENNESSEE RIVER
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ALABAMA ARMY
AMMUNITION P
ALABAMA
EPA ID# AL6210020008
EPA REGION 4
Talladega County
East of the Coosa River, north of
Childersburg
Site Description
The Alabama Army Ammunition Plant (AAAP) site covers approximately 5,170 acres just east of
the Coosa River, 4 miles north of Childersburg. The plant was established in 1941 and was used
for the manufacture of explosives including trinitrotoluene (TNT), dinitrotoluene, nitrocellulose,
and tetryl. The Army ceased operations in 1945, but the plant remained on standby status until
1973, when it was declared to be excess property. Most of the structures used in the
manufacturing processes have been demolished or destroyed by controlled burning. Sources of
contamination include disposal sites, spills, and general wastes including recycled acids from the
manufacturing operations. Because the site is complex, and the site activities were so varied, the
site has been divided into Areas A and B for cleanup purposes. Land use around the site is
primarily recreational, industrial, agricultural, or undeveloped. Three farms border the site and a
small residential community lies several thousand feet southeast of the site next to Talladega
Creek. The creek may be considered a groundwater divide located between AAAP and the City.
Only an estimated 40 residents live within 1 to 2 miles of the site. There are other residences
both north and south of the site, but they are buffered from the site by other industry or extensive
undeveloped or wooded areas. Childersburg uses groundwater for drinking water. The total
population using the river as a source of drinking water is estimated to be 1,800, and the
population using groundwater is estimated to be 700. Under the Base Realignment and Closure
Act of 1991, the base will be slotted for closure and property transfer. Area A was sold to
private citizens in 1991 and is currently used as a wildlife preserve and hunting ground. Area B
will be cleaned to levels that will allow industrial or recreational reuse.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 07/22/87
March 1995
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Threats and Contaminants
Contaminants of concern on site are the nitroaromatic compounds, including TNT,
which have been detected in the surface water and the groundwater. The groundwater
is the main source of drinking water. Lead, asbestos, and nitroaromatic compounds
have been detected in the soil. Coming into direct contact with or accidentally
ingesting the contaminated groundwater, surface water, or soils could be a major
health threat. There also is a possibility of a fire or explosion due to the nature of the
wastes on site. The site is used as a wildlife preserve and licensed deer hunting
ground. Ecological risk will be evaluated as a part of the Army's continued study to
determine the nature and extent of contamination and to identify alternatives for
cleanup.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in four long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of stockpile
soils at Area A; cleanup of groundwater, soil, and surface water contamination at Area B;
investigations of the effectiveness of Area A cleanup; and cleanup of the TNT process areas.
Response Action Status
Stockpile Soils at Area A: The Army completed an investigation of soils for Area
A in 1991 that evaluated the nature and the extent of the contamination. The EPA
concurred with the selected remedy for soils previously stockpiled at the site. The
previous actions in Area A, conducted in 1988, included soil excavation and decontamination of
storage igloos and buildings. All previously excavated and stockpiled soils were incinerated in the
summer of 1994, in addition to contaminated soils from two small, excavated parcels in Area A.
Metal-rich residues of the incineration process were stabilized and disposed of in a lined on-site
landfill. Cleanup activities were completed in the fall of 1994.
Area B: The Army currently is investigating the soil, groundwater, and surface water
in Area B to evaluate the nature and the extent of the contamination. Previous
investigations have found that groundwater contaminated with nitroaromatic
compounds is above Federal drinking water standards, and surface water contaminated with
nitroaromatics and lead also is above water quality standards. The investigation is scheduled to be
completed in 1996. Once the study has been completed, the Army will select a final cleanup
remedy.
Area A: In 1990, the EPA began an investigation to determine if additional
activities were required to meet established cleanup standards for Area A. This
investigation was completed in 1993. Currently, the groundwater is undergoing
further investigation to determine the nature and extent of contamination.
March 1995 2 ALABAMA ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
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TNT Process Areas: In late 1994, the EPA completed an investigation into the
nature and extent of contamination in areas 6, 7, 10, and 21, known as the TNT
process areas. The remedy selected includes excavating and incinerating contaminated
soil, and backfilling the excavated areas with clean fill. The design of the remedy is scheduled
for completion in 1995.
Site Facts: A Federal Facility Agreement has been filed between the Army, the Alabama
Department of Environmental Management, and the EPA for cleanup actions at the site. AAAP
also is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a specially funded program
established by the Department of Defense (DOD) in 1978 to identify, investigate, and control the
migration of hazardous contaminants at military and other DOD facilities. The Army has selected
24 separate study areas within Areas A and B of the AAAP site.
Environmental Progress
Excavating and incinerating contaminated soils have reduced the threat at the Alabama Army
Ammunition Plant site while further cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Earle A. Rainwater Memorial Library, The Alabama Room, 112 Ninth Avenue, SW,
Childersburg, AL 35044
ALABAMA ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
March 1995
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ANNISTON
DEPOT
INDUSTRIAL
ALABAMA
EPA ID# AL3210020027
EPA REGION 4
Calhoun County
Anniston
Site Description
The Anniston Army Depot (Southeast Industrial Area) site comprises 600 acres in the
southeastern area of the Nichols Industrial Complex. This area consists of several shipping and
warehouse buildings that have been used since 1948 for the repair and modification of combat
vehicles and artillery equipment. The Depot's initial mission was limited to ammunition storage,
refurbishment, testing, and decommissioning of combat vehicles and various types of military
equipment. A 1979 study revealed that on-site disposal of wastes generated by chemical cleaning,
painting, and plating operations had resulted in groundwater contamination. Two facilities were
closed as a result of the 1979 investigations: a 2-million-gallon lagoon (A-Block Lagoon) and a
landfill operation (Site Z-l). Approximately 39,000 residents live near the site in Anniston. The
southeastern industrial area is drained by Dry Creek, which flows into Choccolocco Creek, a
tributary of the Coosa River. Coldwater Spring is located adjacent to Dry Creek, approximately
1 '/2 miles south of the depot boundary and is the primary source of drinking water for
approximately 72,000 people in Calhoun County.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 03/13/89
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals, chlorinated solvents, and
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A soil removal operation was conducted by the
Army on two separate occasions to remove contaminated soils to a permitted treatment
facility. The soil contamination included chromium, methylene chloride,
trichloroethylene (TCE), phenols, and dichloroethylene. Aquatic life that may be at
risk from contamination in the Coldwater Spring includes pygmy sculpin, water snake,
crayfish, and various aquatic insects. If site-related contaminants have migrated into
Coldwater Spring, residents could ingest and be directly exposed to contaminated
water.
March 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: initial actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of groundwater and cleanup of the South East Industrial Area.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1993, the Army completed excavating contaminated soil and
removing it to an off-site approved disposal facility. The Army also installed an air
stripper in 1987 to treat the 400,000 to 900,000 gallons per day of groundwater pumped
from underneath the Metal Finish Facility.
Groundwater: A total of 16 extraction wells were installed in 1988: seven wells at the
trench area (Site Z-l); six wells in the northeastern area; and three in the old landfill
area. These wells were evaluated to provide a basis for site characterization and
groundwater extraction system design and optimization. The extraction wells and treatment system
were completed in 1992. The extraction systems operate for 24 continuous hours. Automatic on/off
systems for intermittent pumping are used for all wells, especially low-yielding wells in critical
capture areas. Extraction system performance monitoring during the first three to six months of
system operation provided additional data on long-term aquifer behavior, draw-down effects, and
contaminant capture. Actual cleanup activities began in late 1991. These activities are being
conducted as an interim cleanup action. A pump and treat system is in operation at the South East
Industrial Area. Further investigations are being conducted to determine a final remedy for the
groundwater.
Southeast Industrial Area: In 1990, the Army began a study of the nature and extent
of site contamination. The study, which will lead to a final cleanup remedy, is scheduled
for completion in 1996.
Site Facts: A Federal Facility Agreement has been negotiated between the Army, the Alabama
Department of Environmental Management, and the EPA for cleanup actions. Anniston Army Depot
is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a specially funded program established by
the Department of Defense (DOD) in 1978 to identify, investigate, and control the migration of
hazardous contaminants at military and other DOD facilities.
Environmental Progress
The Army already has taken several steps to improve conditions at the Anniston Army Depot
(Southeast Industrial Area), such as excavating and removing contaminated soil and installing an air
stripping treatment system to pump and treat contaminated groundwater. A removal of hazardous
waste at the Industrial Waste Treatment Plant directly addressed the immediate threat to depot
worker safety and the potential threat to the environment. Cleanup activities are continuing, and
extraction wells have been installed; therefore, the site currently does not pose an immediate threat
to the public or to the environment.
March 1995 2 ANNISTON ARMY DEPOT
(SOUTHEAST INDUSTRIAL AREA)
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Site Repository
Anniston Public Library, 108 East Tenth Street, Anniston, AL 36202
ANNISTON ARMY DEPOT
(SOUTHEAST INDUSTRIAL AREA)
March 1995
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CIBA-GEIGY
CORPORATION
(MCINTOSH PLAN
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD001221902
Site Description
EPA REGION 4
Washington County
Mclntosh
The Ciba-Geigy Corporation (Mclntosh Plant) produces industrial organic chemicals, pesticides,
agricultural chemicals, and synthetic resins on a 1,500-acre site in Mclntosh. The plant was built
in the early 1950s, and the company formerly disposed of wastes in several on-site landfills and
in an open burning area. Disposal of wastes is now carried out under EPA requirements.
Pesticides have been found in soil and sediments downgradient of the burn area and in a drinking
water well on the site. Prior to 1965, effluent from the plant flowed into the Tombigbee River
after chemicals were neutralized in the facility's wastewater impoundment. However, an aeration
basin and holding basin were constructed in 1965 to treat the effluent. Over the years,
modifications have been made to the treatment system to meet State and Federal discharge
standards. Approximately 2,200 residents of Mclntosh receive drinking water from a public well
within 3 miles of the site; however, most public wells are upstream from the site and do not
appear to be contaminated. The closest residence lies less than 1,000 feet from the site. The
Tombigbee River and freshwater wetlands are located within 100 feet of several former disposal
areas, and the wetlands area is subject to periodic flooding by the river.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/24/84
Threats and Contaminants
A drinking water well on the site is contaminated with lindane from former waste
disposal practices. Sediments are contaminated with heavy metals including chromium
and mercury. Soil is contaminated with DDT, lindane and other pesticides. Surface
water contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including chlorobenzene, toluene,
and phenols. Trespassers at the facility who accidently ingest or otherwise come into
contact with contaminated ground water, surface water, soil, or sediments may be at
risk. Runoff from the site could threaten wetlands near the disposal areas.
March 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in four long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the
groundwater; the affected deep aquifer and soil; the wetlands area; the dilute ditch; and the bluff
line.
Response Action Status
Groundwater: The Ciba-Geigy Corporation installed a groundwater pumping system
consisting of 10 fully penetrating alluvial pumping wells to intercept and remove
contaminated groundwater from the shallow aquifer. The water removed from these
wells is treated by the plant's on-site biological wastewater treatment system and is then
discharged into the Tombigbee River. Ciba-Geigy installed 43 monitoring wells and four
corrective action monitoring wells to continue to ensure the effectiveness of the groundwater
treatment system. The treatment system is expected to continue operating for more than 10 years.
Deep Aquifer and Soil: In 1991, the Ciba-Geigy Corporation completed a study to
determine the type and extent of the soil and deep aquifer contamination at the site.
The cleanup alternatives selected include: excavating contaminated soils and sludges;
on-site thermal treatment of approximately 65,000 cubic yards of highly contaminated soils and
sludge; stabilizing/solidifying approximately 62,300 cubic yards of moderately contaminated soils
and sludge; disposing of solidified/stabilized soil in an on-site EPA-approved landvault(s); in-situ
soil flushing combined with extraction wells to cleanup areas where the risk based cleanup levels
were not achieved before, and an excavation depth of 20 feet is reached; backfilling the
excavated areas with common fill or treated soil and debris and vegetating the area; operating and
maintaining landvault(s) for a minimum of 30 years; and establishing institutional controls for
land use and groundwater use. Innovative technologies such as in-situ vacuum extraction or in-
situ bioremediation also may be used in addition to or instead of in-situ soil flushing. The use of
these technologies will be determined during the design phase, scheduled for completion in 1996.
Wetlands and Dilute Ditch: In 1992, the Ciba-Geigy Corporation began a study
to determine the nature and extent of contamination of the wetlands area and the
dilute ditch. The study is expected to be completed in mid-1995, at which time a
cleanup remedy will be selected.
Bluff Line: In 1992, the Ciba-Geigy Corporation completed a study of the nature
and extent of contamination of the bluff line. A cleanup remedy was selected in the
summer of 1992 which includes: excavating contaminated soil; removing
contaminants through thermal treatment; stabilizing/solidifying the soil; backfilling the excavated
areas with clean fill; and vegetating the area. Design activities for the remedy are underway and
are scheduled for completion in late 1996.
Site Facts: The Ciba-Geigy Corporation is operating under a Federal hazardous waste
management permit.
March 1995 2 CIBA-GEIGY CORPORATION
(MCINTOSH PLANT)
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Environmental Progress
The EPA has determined that the existing groundwater extraction and treatment system is
adequately containing and treating the contaminated groundwater at the site. Ciba-Geigy will
continue to monitor the effectiveness of the groundwater treatment system through monitoring
wells and will submit periodic sampling results to the EPA for review. Cleanup alternatives for
the bluff line, deep aquifer, and soils have been selected and plans for cleanup activities are
currently underway while the investigation at the wetlands and dilute ditch is being completed.
Site Repository
Mclntosh Town Hall, Commerce Street, Mclntosh, AL 36553
CIBA-GEIGY CORPORATION (MCINTOSH PLANT)
March 1995
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INTERSTATE
LEAD COMPA
(ILCO)
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD041906173
EPA REGION 4
Jefferson County
Leeds
Site Description
Interstate Lead Company (ILCO) owned and operated this 8]/2-acre lead battery reclamation
facility and secondary lead smelter. Wastes containing lead were generated, treated, stored, and
disposed of on both the ILCO property and other numerous locations near the site. Slag from
reclamation operations was used as fill or disposed of at seven satellite areas, including the ILCO
Parking Lot, the City of Leeds Landfill, Fleming's Patio, the Acmar Church of God, J & L
Fabricators, Inc., the Connell Property, and the Gulf/BP Service Station. The unnamed tributary
to Dry Creek, adjacent to the main facility and parking lot, contains lead-contaminated sediments.
Approximately 3,000 people live within a 3-mile radius of the site, and the nearest home is
located less than !4 mile away from the site. Six of the locations listed above are within 3 miles
of the springs and wells that supply drinking water to 6,000 families in Leeds. Access to most of
the sites is unrestricted; however, access is restricted at the main facility.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, potentially responsible parties',
and local actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/18/85
Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
The County measured elevated lead concentrations in the air south and southwest of
the ILCO main facility in 1983 and 1984. The owner found lead and cadmium in
groundwater under the facility in 1985. Groundwater and soil also contain the heavy
metals chromium, nickel, and arsenic, in addition to high levels of lead. The State
detected lead in Dry Creek and an unnamed tributary next to the facility. Surface
water and sediments also contain nickel and arsenic. People could be exposed to heavy
metals by coming into direct contact with or accidentally ingesting contaminated soils
or by drinking polluted groundwater. In addition, contaminants in nearby surface
water and sediments could pose a health threat to residents who use the area for
recreation.
March 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four stages: emergency actions and three long-term remedial
phases focusing on cleanup of the entire site, ILCO main facility, and Dry Creek and tributary.
Response Action Status
Emergency Actions: In 1984, the EPA removed lead-bearing wastes from the
Church of God area. ILCO placed a synthetic liner over the ILCO parking lot,
covered waste piles at the main facility, diverted runoff, and constructed a
stormwater treatment system. In 1992, after the company went bankrupt, the EPA initiated
another emergency response action to address contamination at the main facility. Approximately
50,000 cubic yards of soil that had been stockpiled on the site were removed, lead slag was sent
off site to a hazardous waste landfill, and several buildings were decontaminated or destroyed.
Entire Site: In 1991, remedies were chosen to address the source of contamination
at each of the seven satellite areas. At all of the satellite areas except the City of
Leeds Landfill, lead-contaminated soils will be excavated, transported to the ILCO
Main Facility for treatment, and the satellite sites will be backfilled with clean material.
Excavated and backfilled satellite areas will be revegetated. Battery casings, slag, and other
debris also will be removed from the satellite areas and sampled for primary metal contamination
semi-annually. At the City of Leeds Landfill, a clay cap will be installed to cover the lead-
contaminated soils. Studies of the groundwater at the Gulf/BP Service Station and the Acmar
Church of God Satellite areas have shown no contamination. The groundwater at the J&L
Fabricators, Fleming's Patio, and Connell Property satellite areas show low levels of
contamination and will clean itself over time through natural attenuation. While cleanup activities
are not required, groundwater monitoring will continue. Contaminated groundwater at the City
of Leeds Landfill will be extracted, treated on site, and discharged into an adjacent surface
drainage way. Groundwater will be monitored both during and after the extraction and treatment
procedure. Design activities for these remedies are underway, and cleanup is scheduled to begin
in early 1997.
ILCO Main Facility: In 1994, a remedy was chosen to address the soil and
groundwater contamination at the ILCO Main Facility. Contaminated soils will be
excavated and treated on site by acid leaching or by solidification and stabilization.
Treatability studies will determine the most effective cleanup methods. Battery casings, slag, and
other debris will be treated and disposed of. Contaminated groundwater at the ILCO Main
Facility and the ILCO parking lot will be extracted, treated on site, and discharged into the
unnamed tributary adjacent to the main facility. Groundwater will be monitored during and after
the extraction and treatment procedures.
Dry Creek and Tributary: Studies of contaminated surface water, sediment, and
fish are being conducted at the unnamed tributary and Dry Creek, located adjacent to
the ILCO Main Facility, to determine the extent of contamination discharged from
the ILCO facility. The studies are scheduled for completion by late 1995, at which time cleanup
remedies will be selected.
March 1995 2 INTERSTATE LEAD COMPANY (ILCO)
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Site Facts: ILCO signed a Consent Order agreeing to conduct a study of site contamination
and cleanup options on the main facility, parking lot, and tributaries to Dry Creek.
Environmental Progress
The emergency response actions described above reduced the threat to people and the
environment at the site while further cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Leeds Public Library, 802 Parkway Drive, S.E., Leeds, AL 35094
INTERSTATE LEAD COMPANY (ILCO)
March 1995
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MONARCH TILE
MANUFACTURIN
INC.
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD067102301
Site Description
EPA REGION 4
Lauderdale County
Florence
The area surrounding the Monarch Tile Manufacturing, Inc. site is primarily industrial, with
Seaboard Railroad tracks to the west and a bus maintenance facility to the south of the site.
From 1954 to 1973, Stylon Corp. produced ceramic tiles and glazes on the site. When Stylon
went bankrupt in 1973, Monarch leased the property from the City of Florence and took over the
production operations. Monarch officially purchased the site in 1980. Both Monarch and Stylon
used zinc contaminated with lead, barium, and cadmium as colorants during their operations.
Beginning in 1960, these hazardous wastes were sent to a separator and then put into settling
ponds. Excess liquid often drained into ditches that run south of the site. In 1976, with the
city's permission, Monarch began discharging the contaminated liquids directly into the Florence
Sewer System. At first, solid wastes from the site were taken to a nearby municipal landfill. In
1980, Monarch began disposing of these solid wastes in an on-site disposal trench. In 1989,
representatives from the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) found a
variety of heavy metals, including barium, lead, and zinc in sediment samples collected from the
settling ponds. In 1990, ADEM tests showed that the drainage ditch also was contaminated with
heavy metals, and that the contamination had spread to two neighboring waterways, Cox Creek
and a tributary of Sweetwater Creek. In addition to these waterways, Pickwick Lake, a segment
of the Tennessee River, is located approximately three miles north of the site, and Cypress Creek
is located approximately two miles east. The Florence Water Department supplies drinking water
to about 63,000 people from an intake where Cox Creek and Cypress Creek join. The nearby
Sheffield Water Department has an intake on the Tennessee River that supplies drinking water to
an additional 14,100 people.
Site Responsibility: The site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 05/10/93
September 1994
-------
Threats and Contaminants
In 1989, local environmental officials discovered heavy metals in settling pond
sediments. In 1990, additional testing revealed that Cox Creek and a tributary of
Sweetwater Creek also were contaminated with heavy metals. Cox Creek, Cypress
Creek, and the Tennessee River are used for recreational fishing. People who touch or
ingest contaminated surface water or sediments could be at risk.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on the cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA is scheduling an investigation into the nature and extent of
contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
The EPA and the State of Alabama have performed initial studies at the site and have determined
that no immediate actions are necessary at the site while investigations leading to final cleanup
are being planned.
Site Repository
Not yet established.
September 1994 2 MONARCH TILE MANUFACTURING, INC.
-------
MOWBRAY
ENGINEERING
COMPANY
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD031618069
EPA REGION 4
Butler County
Greenville
Site Description
The 3-acre Mowbray Engineering company site is located on a wetland which is saturated most
of the time. The company, which repaired electrical transformers from the early 1940s to the
1980s, discharged waste transformer oils containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to the
neighboring swamp for over 20 years. The swamp water ultimately drained into Persimmon
Creek, which is used for fishing. From 1955 to 1974, operators drained, repaired, and refilled
about 1,000 used transformers each year, each unit holding about 9 gallons of oil. In 1974, the
owners installed a 3,000-gallon underground storage tank to collect waste oil, which was sold
between 1974 and 1978. After that time, waste oil was recycled. Sampling over the years has
yielded inconsistent results. In 1975, after a major fish kill in an adjacent stream, EPA analysts
found only trace levels of PCBs, but when another kill occurred in 1980, they discovered
significant levels of PCBs in swamp soils. An aquifer underlying the site supplies approximately
11,400 residents with drinking water; however, this aquifer was not affected by site
contamination.
Site Responsibility:
This site was addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Deleted Date: 12/30/93
Threats and Contaminants
m
Sampling of the site's four monitoring wells revealed PCBs, carbon disulfide, and
various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the groundwater. Sediments and soils
downstream of the site and in the wetlands contained PCBs. Soil in the on-site
processing area contained PCBs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and
VOCs. Fish caught hi 1981 at the confluence of Persimmon Creek and Tanyard
Branch and downstream were contaminated with PCBs. Accidentally ingesting or
coming in direct contact with contaminated groundwater, surface water, sediments or
soil posed health threats prior to cleanup. Eating contaminated fish was a possible
health threat until cleanup actions were taken.
March 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1981, the EPA sent emergency cleanup workers to the site
to remove debris and the top 6 inches of PCB-contaminated swamp soil and disposed
of these wastes at an EPA-approved facility.
Entire Site: In 1985, when soils in the stormwater drainage pathway were discovered
to be highly contaminated with PCBs, the EPA devised a long-term cleanup strategy.
The remedy selected for this site included: excavating, removing, and disposing of the
underground storage tanks located on company property; treating or disposing of waste oils
encountered in the swamp area and in the underground storage tanks by a method approved under
the toxic substances control laws; diverting the drainage of surface runoff around the swamp
area; excavating contaminated soils and incinerating them on or off the site, or alternatively
stabilizing and solidifying them; grading and replanting the swamp; properly closing the
abandoned water supply well on site; and conducting operation and maintenance activities, as
necessary. Cleanup was completed in 1991. Sampling conducted after each cleanup phase
confirmed that site cleanup standards were met. The Mowbray Engineering Company site was
deleted from the NPL on December 30, 1993.
Site Facts: In 1990, the potentially responsible parties signed a Consent Decree, in which they
agreed to assume complete responsibility for the operation and maintenance of the site and to pay
for past investigation and cleanup activities.
Environmental Progress
All cleanup activities have been completed at the Mowbray Engineering Company site, and the
EPA deleted the site from the NPL on December 30, 1993. Cleanup activities have eliminated all
soil, surface water, and groundwater contamination, making the site safe to nearby residents and
the environment. The EPA also has completed a 5-year review at the site and verified that the
remedy continues to be protective of public health and the environment.
Site Repository
Greenville Public Library, 101 Adams Street, Greenville, AL 36037
March 1995
MOWBRAY ENGINEERING COMPANY
-------
OLIN CORPORA
(MCINTOSH PL
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD008188708
EPA REGION 4
Washington County
Mclntosh
Other Names:
Olin Corp. Old Plant Landfill
Olin Corp-Mercury
Olin Corp Lime Slurry Ponds
Site Description
The 1,500-acre Olin Corporation (Mclntosh Plant) has been used since the 1950s to manufacture
chlorine and caustic soda, using a mercury cell process. In 1956, Olin constructed a pesticide and
organic chemical plant. The plant closed in 1982, and Olin constructed a chlorine and caustic
soda plant using the diaphragm cell process, which is in operation today. Olin's past waste
disposal practices may have contaminated groundwater. In 1980, Olin began installing
monitoring wells and found heavy metals and chlorinated aromatic compounds. Nearby wells
supply water to the community of Mclntosh and to the Ciba-Geigy and Olin plants. The closest
residence is located less than a mile from the site. There are an estimated 220 people residing
within a 1-mile radius of the site. Also within 1 mile of the site is a sizable wetlands area. The
Tombigbee River is to the east of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
On-site monitoring wells are known to be contaminated with mercury and chlorinated
aromatic compounds. Monitoring also has shown contamination with benzene, carbon
tetrachloride, and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Accidentally ingesting or
coming in direct contact with volatile components of groundwater may pose potential
health risks to individuals. Soils in the vicinity of the active plant were contaminated
with hexachlorobenzene. The site is presently secured, reducing the risk of exposure
to contaminants. The adjacent river and wetland areas may be threatened by
contaminants from the site.
March 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three phases: initial actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the entire site and the river basin and associated wetlands.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Contaminated areas were capped in 1984 to prevent the infiltration
of rainwater. The site also was secured. In 1990, contaminated soils were removed
from the active plant facility after having been identified during a maintenance
activity.
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination completed
site investigations in early 1993. A remedy was selected for the active plant area and
all associated property area outside of the basin in late 1994. The remedy consists of
the following actions: pumping and treating contaminated ground water; extending and upgrading
the existing caps to include the old plant landfill; and monitoring and maintaining the existing
caps over the sanitary landfill, Lime Pond, and expects the design for these activities to begin
during the summer of 1995. This facility is currently operating under a Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) post-closure permit and a corrective action plan. Under the
corrective action plan, the potentially responsible party at the Olin site reports results regularly to
the State.
River Basin, and Wetlands: Water quality and ecological studies are being
conducted on the Tombigbee River and the wetlands near the plant to determine the
extent of contamination by mercury and other contaminants discharged from the plant
into the natural basin near the river. Selection of a remedy for the basin and associated wetlands
is expected by the spring of 1996.
Environmental Progress
Initial actions to cover contaminated areas, remove contaminated soils from the active plant
facility, and secure the site have reduced the risks of exposure to contaminants at the Olin
Corporation (Mclntosh Plant) site while further studies and cleanup activities take place.
Site Repository
Mclntosh Town Hall, Commerce Street, Mclntosh, AL 36553
March 1995
OLIN CORPORATION (MCINTOSH PLANT)
-------
PERDIDO
GROUNDWATER
CONTAMINATIO
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD980728703
Site Description
EPA REGION 4
Baldwin County
Perdido
The 15-acre Perdido Groundwater Contamination site was contaminated as a result of a 1965
train derailment on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (now CSX Transportation, Inc.). Tank
cars spilled approximately 7,600 gallons of benzene into drainage ditches, which then seeped into
the underlying aquifer. The contaminated area is about 300 yards downgradient of the derailment
site. In 1981, residents became concerned about the taste and odor of the well water. The State
confirmed contamination of nine wells. As a result of the identification of the benzene-
contaminated wells, a Baldwin County Health officer recommended that residents within a 1-mile
radius of the derailment use alternate water supplies. Wells no longer are being used for drinking
water; however, some well water may be used for livestock and gardens. The Town of Perdido
has a population of approximately 450, of which 250 residents were directly affected by
contaminated well water. Within a 1-mile radius of the site are about 125 houses and businesses.
The surrounding area is agricultural; livestock grazing and timber logging for paper production
are the primary activities. A junior high school is 2,000 feet to the south of the train derailment
location.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with benzene spilled from the derailed tank cars.
Contaminated drinking water is not a threat to area residents, since an alternate water
supply was provided. However, ingestion of benzene may occur if contaminated well
water is being used to water livestock and gardens. Because benzene does not have a
tendency to be absorbed by soil, but seeps down into groundwater, there is little threat
from direct contact with the soil.
March 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Emergency Response: The National Guard provided two water tanks for affected
residents. CSX Transportation voluntarily connected 150 residences within 1 mile
downgradient of the site to the Atmore municipal water supply system in 1983.
Groundwater: In 1988, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the groundwater that
includes pumping and treating the water by using air stripping and treating the spent
benzene-laden air with activated carbon adsorption. Air stripping is a process in which
contaminants are removed by forcing a stream of air through the water. Carbon adsorption
involves forcing the air through tanks containing activated carbon, a specially treated material
that attracts the contaminants. Once the water is treated, it will be released into the aquifer. The
air will be monitored and discharged after carbon adsorption treatment, and groundwater will be
monitored after the cleanup to ensure that cleanup goals have been met. CSX Transportation
completed construction of the groundwater treatment system in early 1992. Cleanup of the
groundwater began in late 1992 and is still ongoing.
Site Facts: CSX Transportation agreed in 1983 to install a groundwater treatment system.
Environmental Progress
Construction of all cleanup remedies have been completed. With the provision of an alternative
water supply to affected residents, no immediate threats exist at the Perdido Groundwater
Contamination site while the groundwater treatment system is operating.
Site Repository
Bay Minette Public Library, 119 West Second Street, Bay Minette, AL 36507
Perdido Water Board, Route 1, Perdido, AL 36562
March 1995
PERDIDO GROUNDWATER
CONTAMINATION
-------
REDSTONE ARSENAL ^ir*™ REGION 4
LI (j [ 'A Madison County
(USARMY/NASA)
ALABAMA
EPA ID# AL7210020742
Site Description
Redstone Arsenal (RSA) is a U.S. Army facility that occupies approximately 38,300 acres.
About 4,000 acres of this property is owned by the Department of Interior and 2,900 acres is
owned by the Tennessee Valley Authority. The George C. Marshall Space Flight Center
(MSFC) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) leases another 1,841
acres. RSA is bounded on the north and east by the City of Huntsville, on the west by the City
of Madison, on the west and southwest by Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge, and on the south
by the Tennessee River. An 11-mile stream segment, including Huntsville Spring Branch, Indian
Creek, and a portion of the Tennessee River in the Triana area was placed on the NPL in 1983
as the Triana/Tennessee River site. In 1941, three separate military facilities were established at
RSA and worked together to produce conventional and chemical munitions used during World
War II. Numerous chemical manufacturing plants were operated at the three facilities. During
the war, six mustard gas manufacturing plants operated, producing substantial quantities of sulfur
monochloride, ethylene, brine, caustic soda, liquid caustic, chlorine, and thionyl chloride.
Lewisite, a chemical warfare agent containing arsenic, was manufactured in four of the plants.
Wastes generated from lewisite manufacturing were disposed of in shallow surface
impoundments. After the war, the Gulf Chemical Depot facility was used to store captured
German chemical agents and surplus chemical munitions and agents, which were buried in
various locations throughout RSA. As activities increased, the Army incorporated all lands that
the three facilities previously used into the present-day RSA, which is leased to private firms for
the production of commercial chemicals and pesticides. The pesticide DDT and chlorine were
manufactured on-site by several companies. The manufacture of DDT and other pesticides
resulted in significant amounts of hazardous wastes. Large quantities of wastewater containing
DDT residues were discharged to Huntsville Spring Branch. In 1960, the aerospace activities
conducted by the Army were transferred to NASA. Parts of the site were used for rocket motor
assembly. Solid propellants are still being manufactured at RSA. After applying for a permit in
1984, RSA was allowed to build nine Hazardous Waste Storage Igloos in 1986. RSA submitted
a revised permit application in 1988. The Storage Igloos, Open Burning Pans and four new
Storage Igloos continue to operate under interim status granted by the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA). There are two aquifers beneath RSA which are interconnected and
referred to as the Tuscumbia-Fort Payne aquifer. Huntsville has a population of nearly 165,000.
Approximately 1,000 military families reside in government quarters on RSA, and approximately
31,500 government workers and contractors work at RSA. Three municipal water systems have
wells located within a 4-mile radius. An estimated 39,900 people use the wells as their source of
drinking water.
September 1 994
-------
Site Responsibility: The site is being addressed through
Federal artinns
raieral actions. Proposed Date: 06/23/93
Final Date: 05/31/94
Threats and Contaminants
Munitions were buried in various locations throughout the facility. The soil and
groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and
other chemicals, including sulfur monochloride, ethylene, brine, caustic soda, liquid
caustic, chlorine, thionyl chloride, and lewisite, a chemical warfare agent containing
arsenic. Large quantities of water containing DDT residues were discharged to
Huntsville Spring Branch, potentially contaminating surface water. Several thousand
acres of the Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge border the site. Touching or ingesting
soil or groundwater could be harmful to public health.
Cleanup Approach
The EPA and Department of Defense have identified 109 separate areas of contamination at the
site. Approximately half will require full investigations, which will lead to the selection of final
cleanup remedies. Four interim actions are underway to address groundwater and source
contamination.
Response Action Status
Interim Actions: Interim cleanup actions underway include two pumping and
treatment systems to address the groundwater contamination, and the capping of two
areas to control the source of contamination and prevent further migration of toxins.
Entire Site: Investigations are being planned to determine the nature and extent of
contamination at the numerous areas of the RSA site. As the investigations conclude,
final remedies will be selected to clean up the remaining contamination.
Site Facts: Between 1986 and 1988, RSA obtained RCRA permits to build thirteen Hazardous
Waste Storage Igloos and Open Burning Pans on their property. In 1983, the U.S. Justice
Department issued a Consent Decree to Olin Corporation, which was the principal DDT
manufacturer at the site, to begin cleaning up areas affected by DDT. MSCF has applied for a
RCRA post-closure permit for the former industrial wastewater treatment facility.
September 1994 2 REDSTONE ARSENAL (USARMY/NASA)
-------
Environmental Progress
The EPA has determined that the public and the environment are not at immediate risk while
interim cleanup actions are underway and further studies at the Redstone Arsenal
(USARMY/NASA) site are being planned.
Site Repository
Huntsville-Madison County Library, 915 Monroe Street, SW, Huntsville, AL 35805
REDSTONE ARSENAL (USARMY)
September 1 994
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REDWING
CARRIERS, INC
(SARALAND)
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD980844385
Site Description
EPA REGION 4
Mobile County
Saraland
Redwing Carriers, Inc. operated a chemical transporting business on this 5-acre site from 1961 to
1971. The site was used as a parking and washing terminal for company trucks that carried
numerous substances, including asphalt, diesel fuel, weed killer, oil, and sulfuric acid. After the
site was sold by Redwing in 1971, it was covered with fill material and graded, and an apartment
complex was built on it. Residents of the complex became concerned after tar-like sludge began
oozing to the surface at numerous locations, including the building courtyard and parking lot. In
1985, the EPA detected high levels of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) in the soil and the
leachate coming from the sludge material. The apartment complex houses approximately 160
people. The City of Saraland Water Department provides drinking water to 19,000 people. The
water is obtained from three 100-foot-deep wells located less than 2 miles from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
Soil around the apartment complex and leachate from the sludge oozing to the surface
are contaminated with various chemicals, including VOCs, from the former site
activities. The groundwater underlying the site is contaminated. The drinking water
potentially is threatened by the site contamination. There is an additional risk for
people who come in direct contact with the tar-like substance oozing from the ground.
March 1995
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Redwing removed some of the contaminated soil to a federally-
approved hazardous waste facility. The company periodically inspects the site and
removes any sludge rising to the surface.
Entire Site: Redwing Carriers, under EPA oversight, completed a study to
determine the extent of contamination at the site in 1992. Various alternatives for
cleaning up the area were considered. Redwing continued to remove any sludge
oozing to the surface while the site study was underway. The final cleanup remedy was selected
in late 1992. The major components of the remedy are: excavating sludge, sediments, and
contaminated soils; treating and disposing of contaminated soils, sediments and sludge off site;
regrading and backfilling excavations using clean, compacted fill material; temporarily and
possibly permanently relocating of residents with the potential of demolishing of selected
apartment units; treating the contaminated groundwater in the surficial aquifer on site; monitoring
and possibly withdrawing and treating groundwater in the alluvial aquifer; and discharging treated
groundwater to a publicly owned treatment facility, or to a nearby surface water body. The
design of the remedy is near completion. The start of the cleanup activities is expected in the fall
of 1995, but is dependant upon time required to relocate nearly 225 people.
Site Facts: The EPA sent notice letters in 1990 to the potentially responsible parties, requiring
a study to determine the nature and extent of the contamination. An Administrative Order on
Consent with the potentially responsible parties requires them to conduct cleanup activities
whenever the tar-like material seeps to the surface of the complex. The EPA has negotiated with
additional potentially responsible parties to complete remedy design and cleanup activities.
Environmental Progress
By continually removing the contaminated leachate from the site, the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials at the Redwing Carriers, Inc. (Saraland) site is reduced while cleanup
activities are being designed.
Site Repository
Saraland Public Library, 111 Saraland Loop Road, Saraland, AL 36571
March 1995 2 REDWING CARRIERS, INC. (SARALAND)
-------
STAUFFER CHEM
CO. (COLD CREE
PLANT)
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD095688875
EPA REGION 4
Mobile County
Twenty miles north of Mobile
Other Names:
ICI Plant
Site Description
The Stauffer Chemical Company's Cold Creek Plant is located approximately 20 miles north of
Mobile, Alabama. The plant encompasses approximately 220 acres which is surrounded by
industry, a sparsely populated community, and wetlands. The plant manufactures pesticides
known as thiocarbamates. Four potential source areas are contaminated with liquid and solid
pesticide wastes. The site also consists of a 650-acre contaminated wetland known as Cold Creek
Swamp. There are 20 residential drinking water supply wells located within 2 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
The main threats at the site are groundwater and soil contaminated with various
pesticides known as thiocarbamates. The site also encompasses wetlands with
contaminated sediments. Accidentally ingesting or coming in direct contact with
contaminated groundwater and soil pose a health hazard to individuals. Also, exposure
to the mercury-contaminated Cold Creek Swamp sediment and fish may pose a
significant threat to public health.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of
groundwater, solid waste management units, and Cold Creek Swamp.
March 1995
-------
Response Action Status
Groundwater: In 1989, the EPA selected the following remedy to clean up the site:
modifing the existing groundwater interception and treatment system; installing
additional monitoring and installation wells; continuing to extract groundwater from
the surface aquifer through existing and additional intercept wells; monitoring groundwater
movement at the site to determine the adequacy of the cleanup action; conducting treatability
studies as appropriate to determine the best approach for source treatment; and decommissioning
wells no longer needed for monitoring. The potentially responsible parties, Akzo Chemicals and
Zeneca, will jointly clean up groundwater contamination at the site. Designs intended to modify
the groundwater treatment unit were completed by the potentially responsible parties in 1993.
Almost all components of the groundwater extraction system are complete. A total of five
intercept wells have been in place and operational since 1993. An upgraded treatment system for
wells 1,2, and 3 is expected in 1995.
Solid Waste Management Units: Four solid waste management units, or source
areas, have been identified on site. An investigation of these areas has been
completed, and a remedy is expected to be selected in 1995.
Cold Creek Swamp: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination
were asked to perform an investigation into the nature and extent of contamination at
Cold Creek Swamp and to identify alternative cleanup actions. The study began in
1990 and was completed in 1993. In the fall of 1993, the EPA selected a remedy for the site that
includes: capping the Upper Arm Swamp Zone and diverting surface water from the area;
creating a wetlands environment using native species in the new surface water diversion area to
replace the wetland area destroyed by the cap; constructing a carrier to isolate the Upper and
Middle Swamp Zones; monitoring Cold Creek Swamp for 10 years after the completion of
cleanup activities to ensure their effectiveness; and posting warning signs. Design activities
began in 1994 and are scheduled for completion in late 1995.
Site Facts: There is concern that an adjacent rayon manufacturer uses contaminated
groundwater in the manufacturing process.
Environmental Progress
The cap on the landfills and groundwater extraction and treatment system have reduced the
potential for exposure to hazardous substances at the Stauffer Chemical Co. (Cold Creek Plant)
while further studies and cleanup activities are taking place.
Site Repository
Saraland Public Library, 111 Saraland Loop, Saraland, Alabama 36571
March 1995
STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO.
(COLD CREEK PLANT)
-------
STAUFFER CHEMI
CO. (LE MOYNE
PLANT)
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD008161176
Site Description
EPA REGION 4
Mobile County
20 miles north of Mobile
Other Names:
Akzo Plant
Axis Plant
The Stauffer Chemical Company's Le Moyne Plant is located approximately 20 miles north of
Mobile, Alabama. The plant encompasses approximately 950 acres that are surrounded by
industry, a sparsely populated community, and wetlands. The plant began operations in the early
1950s and manufactured carbon disulfide and carbon tetrachloride. In 1964, the company
produced chlorine and caustic soda, using the mercury cell process. In 1974, the plant expanded
again, producing additional industrial inorganic compounds. During the 1950s and the 1960s,
Stauffer used an on-site landfill located east of the manufacturing facility, between the plant and
the Mobile River. Fourteen potential source areas were identified on site including a landfill
containing wastes that included organics, solvents, heavy metals, acids, and bases. The landfill
was constructed in native clay and covered with a vinyl plastic cap. Topsoil was spread over the
cap, and the area was revegetated and fenced. Wastes were also held in clay-lined ponds on site.
The site also consists of a 650-acre contaminated wetland known as Cold Creek Swamp.
Groundwater, sediments, and surface water around the site are contaminated. Groundwater is the
sole source of drinking water in this area. Approximately 4,000 people, including the employees
of the local industries and the residents of the Axis community, are served by wells located
within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater in the vicinity of the landfill and ponds is contaminated with various
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including carbon disulfide. Mercury has been
found in the sediments of the Cold Creek Swamp. Thiocyanates also were found in
sediments under nearby Halby Pond. People could be exposed to the contaminants
through direct contact or accidental ingestion and inhalation of contaminated
groundwater and sediments. Also, people could be exposed to mercury by eating fish
contaminated by Cold Creek Swamp.
March 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four stages: initial actions and three long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the groundwater, the solid waste management units, and Cold Creek
Swamp.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Three extraction wells, with an aeration pond and surface water
discharge, have been pumping and treating contaminated groundwater since 1980.
Groundwater: Stauffer Chemical assumed responsibility to study the nature and the
extent of the contamination in the groundwater and to conduct subsequent cleanup
activities. The study was completed in 1989. The following methods have been
selected to augment the existing groundwater cleanup at the site: modification of the existing
groundwater system; installation of additional monitoring and extraction wells; extraction of
groundwater from the surface aquifer through existing and additional intercept wells; monitoring
of groundwater on site to determine the adequacy of the cleanup action; performing studies to
determine the best approach for treating the source of contamination; and decommissioning of
wells no longer needed for monitoring. Design of the modified groundwater treatment unit is
expected to be completed by late 1995. Meanwhile, the existing treatment system continues to
operate. Three additional extraction wells have been operational since 1993.
Solid Waste Management Units: Fourteen solid waste management units, or
source areas, have been identified on site. An investigation of these areas is ongoing.
A remedy is expected to be selected in 1995.
Cold Creek Swamp: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination
were asked to perform an investigation to determine the nature and extent of
contamination at Cold Creek Swamp and to identify alternative cleanup options. The
investigation was completed in 1993, and the selected remedy includes: excavating contaminated
soil from the Transition Zone and disposing of it in the Upper Arm Zone; capping the Upper
Arm Zone; revegetating the Transition Zone and restoring it to wetlands; long-term monitoring to
ensure the effectiveness of the remedy; building up the levees along the Mobile River to prevent
contaminants from migrating from the swamp; and posting "No Fishing" and "No Hunting" signs
around the site. The design activities are underway, and scheduled for completion in late 1995.
Site Facts: An Administrative Order on Consent was signed between the EPA and Stauffer
Chemical in 1986 for the company to investigate the site in an effort to determine the nature and
extent of the contamination. In 1990, a Consent Decree was entered requiring the potentially
responsible parties to design and implement the selected groundwater remedy. There is concern
that a rayon manufacturer adjacent to the Stauffer Chemical plants may be using contaminated
groundwater in processing operations.
March 1995 2 STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO.
(LE MOYNE PLANT)
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Environmental Progress
Extraction wells have been pumping contaminated ground water since 1980, reducing the potential
for exposure to hazardous materials, while further studies and cleanup activities are being
conducted.
Site Repository
Saraland Public Library, 111 Saraland Loop, Saraland, Alabama 36571
STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO.
(LE MOYNE PLANT)
March 1995
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T. H. AGRICULTURE
& NUTRITION
COMPANY
(MONTGOMERY
PLANT)
ALABAMA
EPA \D# ALD007454085
Site Description
EPA REGION 4
Montgomery County
West of Maxwell Air Force Base
The 11 '/2-acre T. H. Agriculture & Nutrition Company (Montgomery Plant) site previously was
used to distribute pesticides. The southern boundary of the site was extended by approximately 5
acres. A former pesticide formulation operation owned by Pennwalt (now ELF Atochem North
America, Inc.) was located on this adjacent 5-acre plot. During the 1970s and, possibly, the late
1960s, the T.H. Agriculture Nutrition Company operated under the name of Thomson-Hay ward
Chemical Company, but this company closed in 1980. The company changed its name to T.H.
Agriculture & Nutrition Company in 1981. When the plant operated, insecticides, herbicides, and
other chemical wastes were buried in pits and trenches covering 1 acre of the plant site. The City
of Montgomery's water supply division has 21 wells within 3 miles of the site, and this system
serves approximately 250,000 people.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
EJ3
The pesticide lindane was discovered in the groundwater on and off the site. The soils
and sediments on the site are contaminated with lindane, toxaphene, DDT, and other
pesticides. Drinking contaminated groundwater or coming into contact with
contaminated soils and sediments is a potential health hazard to the nearby residents.
March 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1981, T. H. Agriculture & Nutrition Company voluntarily
agreed to remove 2,900 cubic yards of contaminated soil to a federally-approved
facility.
Entire Site: In 1991, ELF Atochem agreed to perform a detailed study of the site,
under EPA supervision, to determine the extent of groundwater and soil contamination
and evaluate possible cleanup alternatives. A final cleanup remedy for the site is
scheduled to be selected by late 1995.
Site Facts: A 700,000 gallon-lined-lagoon was closed in cooperation with the Alabama
Department of Environmental Management on the adjacent 5 acres in 1978. An Administrative
Order on Consent was signed between the EPA and Atochem North America, Inc. in March
1991, requiring the company to conduct site investigations.
Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated soil has reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous materials at
the T. H. Agriculture & Nutrition Company (Montgomery Plant) site while investigations are
taking place. An interim remedy to implement an early groundwater pump and treat system is
expected in the spring of 1995.
Site Repository
Air University Library, Maxwell Air Force Base, Montgomery, Alabama.
March 1995 2 T.H. AGRICULTURAL & NUTRITION COMPANY
(MONTGOMERY PLANT)
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TRIANA/
TENNESSEE
RIVER
ALABAMA
EPA ID# ALD983166299
Site Description
EPA REGION 4
Madison County
Triana, near Huntsville
Other Names:
USA Redstone Arsenal
Olin Corp/Huntsville Plant
US Army Missile Command
Triana (Redstone) Arsenal
The Triana/Tennessee River site occupies approximately 1,400 acres, near the small town of
Triana. It is situated along 20 miles of the Tennessee River and its tributaries. The pesticide
DDT was manufactured for commercial use by a lessee, Olin Corp., at Redstone Arsenal (RSA)
in Huntsville between 1947 and 1970. The manufacturing, handling, and disposal practices at the
facility led to the discharge of DDT residues through RSA's drainage system into the Huntsville
Spring Branch-Indian Creek tributary system, which enters the Tennessee River. An estimated
475 tons of DDT residues accumulated in the sediment of the tributary system. The plant was
closed and demolished in 1971. The area surrounding the site is rural and has a population of 600
residents. The community has been affected by the contamination because the residents depend
on, to some extent, locally caught fish for food. Until the introduction of a water supply system
in 1967, residents used water from Indian Creek and the Tennessee River.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/23/81
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Huntsville Spring Branch-Indian Creek and the Tennessee River have shown signs of
contamination with DDT. Eating fish from contaminated rivers, creeks, and streams
could be harmful to the health of the public. Drinking water from these sources also
may be a potential health threat. To a lesser extent, coming in direct contact with the
sediments from the contaminated river, creek, or tributaries may be harmful. The
contamination of the Tennessee River and its tributaries has affected the recreational
use of the area. The Huntsville Spring Branch flows through the Wheeler Wildlife
Refuge, and contamination threatens the wildlife.
March 1995
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Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The Olin Corporation submitted its final engineering design for cleaning
up the site in 1986 and began construction on the initial cleanup phase. All
construction was completed in 1987. The methods that were used to clean up the site
included: bypassing, and burying on site, the most heavily contaminated channel area; and
continuing programs for fish and water studies and investigations of the movement of
contaminants through the water and the fish. Fish, water, and sediment monitoring will continue
to determine progress made at the site. Targeted cleanup standards are scheduled to be met in
1998. The first year's monitoring showed reduced levels of DDT in selected fish species.
Average DDT concentrations in the water column are significantly lower than original conditions
throughout the Huntsville Spring Branch-Indian Creek system. In the 1990 data, DDT
concentrations in fish decreased by a range of 39 percent to 90 percent, with an average of a 72
percent decrease in contaminant concentrations from original conditions.
Site Facts: In 1983, Olin and the EPA settled on Olin's responsibility to conduct a study of the
site and the final design for its cleanup. The settlement included a Consent Decree that required
Olin to develop and carry out a remedial plan to isolate DDT from the nearby population and
environment. The final remedy plan, now being implemented, was submitted and reviewed by a
panel consisting of representatives from the EPA, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Fish and
Wildlife Service, the Department of the Army, the Alabama Department of Environmental
Management, and the Olin Corporation. This panel is overseeing Olin's cleanup action until it
meets the performance standards.
Environmental Progress
Construction of cleanup remedies and initial cleanup activities have been completed at the
Triana/Tennessee River site. The parties potentially responsible for site contamination, under
EPA guidance, will continue to oversee monitoring activities at the site and ensure the long-term
effectiveness of the treatment methods used.
Site Repository
Town Hall, Town of Triana, 640 Sixth Street, Madison, AL 35758
March 1995
TRIANA/TENNESSEE RIVER
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