4>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste And
Emergency Response
(5201 G)
SUPERFUND:
EPA/540/R-95/073
PB95-962905
9200.5-704 C
May 1995
Progress at
National
Priority
List Sites
ARIZONA & NEVADA
Printed on Recycled Paper
1995 UPDATE
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How to Use the NPL Book
The site fact sheets presented in this book
are comprehensive summaries that cover a
broad range of information. The fact sheets
describe hazardous waste sites on the NPL and
their locations, as well as the conditions
leading to their listing ("Site Description").
The summaries list the types of contaminants
that have been discovered and related threats
to public and ecological health ("Threats and
Contaminants"). "Cleanup Approach" pres-
ents an overview of the cleanup activities
completed, underway, or planned. The fact
sheets conclude with a brief synopsis of how
much progress has been made in protecting
public health and the environment. The
summaries also pinpoint other actions, such as
legal efforts to involve polluters responsible
for site contamination and community con-
cerns.
The fact sheets are arranged in alphabetical
order by site name. Because site cleanup is a
dynamic and gradual process, all site informa-
tion is accurate as of the date shown on the
bottom of each page. Progress is always being
made at NPL sites, and the EPA periodically
will update the site fact sheets to reflect recent
actions. The following two pages show a
generic fact sheet and briefly describe the
information under each section.
How Can You Use
This State Book?
You can use this book to keep informed
about the sites that concern you, particu-
larly ones close to home. The EPA is commit-
ted to involving the public in the decision
making process associated with hazardous
waste cleanup. The Agency solicits input from
area residents in communities affected by
Superfund sites. Citizens are likely to be
affected not only by hazardous site conditions,
but also by the remedies that combat them.
Site cleanups take many forms and can affect
communities in different ways. Local traffic
may be rerouted, residents may be relocated,
temporary water supplies may be necessary.
Definitive information on a site can help
citizens sift through alternatives and make
decisions. To make good choices, you must
know what the threats are and how the EPA
intends to clean up the site. You must under-
stand the cleanup alternatives being proposed
for site cleanup and how residents may be
affected by each one. You also need to have
some idea of how your community intends to
use the site in the future, and you need to know
what the community can realistically expect
once the cleanup is complete.
The EPA wants to develop cleanup methods
that meet community needs, but the Agency
only can take local concerns into account if it
understands what they are. Information must
travel both ways in order for cleanups to be
effective and satisfactory. Please take this
opportunity to learn more, become involved,
and assure that hazardous waste cleanup at
"your" site considers your community's
concerns.
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NPL LISTING HISTORY
Provides the dates when the
site was Proposed, made Final,
and Deleted from the NPL.
SITE RESPONSIBILITY
Identifies the Federal, State,
and/or potentially responsible
parties taking responsibility
for cleanup actions at the site.
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROGRESS
Summarizes the actions to
reduce the threats to nearby
residents and the surrounding
environment and the progress
towards cleaning up the site.
SITE NAME
STATE
EPAID* ABCOOOOOQQ
Site Description
EPA REGION XX
COUNTY NAME
LOCATION
Other Names:
: xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx
: xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx \
: xxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxx x xxx :
xxxxxxx xxx xxx3OO*^xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx :
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX^fe»«X)t XXX XX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxx^^mjxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxx xxx xxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx x5ta»^ycx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx
Site Responsibility:
xxxxxx xxx xxxxx :
XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
NPL Listing History
Proposed XX/XX/XX
Final XX/XX/XX
Threats and Contaminants
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX
xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx
XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX X XXX XX XXXXXXXXX"
xxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxx
Cleanup Approach
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX XXXXXXXX
Response Action Status
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX :
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX :
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X :
xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx :
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXJX XXXXXXXXX XXXX X XXX XX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX
XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXX
XXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX
Site Facts:
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX
^HXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX
Environmental Progress
XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXX X XXX XXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
Site Repository
xxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
SITE REPOSITORY
Lists the location of the primary site repository. The site
repository may include community relations plans, public
meeting announcements and minutes, fact sheets, press
releases, and other site-related documents.
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SITE DESCRIPTION
This section describes the location and history of the site. It includes descrip-
tions of the most recent activities and past actions at the site that have con-
tributed to the contamination. Population estimates, land usages, and nearby
resources give readers background on the local setting surrounding the site.
THREATS AND CONTAMINANTS
The major chemical categories of site contamination are noted, as well as
which environmental resources are affected. Icons representing each of the
affected resources (may include air, groundwater, surface water, soil, and
contamination to environmentally sensitive areas) are included in the margins
of this section. Potential threats to residents and the surrounding environ-
ments arising from the site contamination also are described.
CLEANUP APPROACH
This section contains a brief overview of how the site is being cleaned up.
RESPONSE ACTION STATUS
Specific actions that have been accomplished or will be undertaken to clean
up the site are described here. Cleanup activities at NPL sites are divided
into separate phases, depending on the complexity and required actions at the
site. Two major types of cleanup activities often are described: initial,
immediate, or emergency actions to quickly remove or reduce imminent
threats to the community and surrounding areas; and long-term remedial
phases directed at final cleanup at the site. Each stage of the cleanup strategy
is presented in this section of the summary. Icons representing the stage of
the cleanup process (initial actions, site investigations, EPA selection of the
cleanup remedy, engineering design phase, cleanup activities underway, and
completed cleanup) are located in the margin next to each activity descrip-
tion.
SITE FACTS
Additional information on activities and events at the site are included in this
section. Often details on legal or administrative actions taken by the EPA to
achieve site cleanup or other facts pertaining to community involvement with
the site cleanup process are reported here.
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Guide to the NPL Book Icons
The "icons," or symbols, accompanying the text allow the reader to see at a glance which envi-
ronmental resources are affected and the status of cleanup activities at the site.
Icons in the Threats
and Contaminants
Section
Icons in the Response
Action Status Section
Contaminated Groundwater re-
sources in the vicinity or underlying
the site. (Groundwater is often used
as a drinking water source.)
Contaminated Surface Water and
Sediments on or near the site.
(These include lakes, ponds,
streams, and rivers.)
Contaminated Air in the vicinity of
the site. (Air pollution usually is
periodic and involves contaminated
dust particles or hazardous gas
emissions.)
Contaminated Soil and Sludges on
or near the site. (This contamination
category may include bulk or other
surface hazardous wastes found on
the site.)
Threatened or contaminated Envi-
ronmentally Sensitive Areas in the
vicinity of the site. (Examples
include wetlands and coastal areas
or critical habitats.)
Initial, Immediate, or Emergency
Actions have been taken or are
underway to eliminate immediate
threats at the site.
Site Studies at the site to determine
the nature and extent of contamina-
tion are planned or underway.
Remedy Selected indicates that site
investigations have been concluded,
and the EPA has selected a final
cleanup remedy for the site or part
of the site.
Remedy Design means that engi-
neers are preparing specifications
and drawings for the selected
cleanup technologies.
Cleanup Ongoing indicates that the
selected cleanup remedies for the
contaminated site, or part of the site,
currently are underway.
Cleanup Complete shows that all
cleanup goals have been achieved
for the contaminated site or part of
the site.
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EPA ID
Number
AZD008399263
AZD980735666
AZD980695969
AZD980695902
AZ0570024133
AZD009004177
AZD980735724
AZD980496780
AZD980737530
AZ7570028582
AZ0971590062
NVD980813646
Site Name
APACHE POWDER CO.
HASSAYAMPA LANDFILL
INDIAN BEND WASH AREA
LITCHFIELD AIRPORT AREA
LUKE AIR FORCE BASE
MOTOROLA, INC. (52ND STREET PLANT)
MOUNTAIN VIEW MOBILE HOME ESTATES
NINETEENTH AVENUE LANDFILL
TUCSON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AREA
WILLIAMS AIR FORCE BASE
YUMA MARINE CORPS AIR STATION
CARSON RIVER MERCURY SITE
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APACHE POWDE
COMPANY
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZD0083
EPA REGION 9
Cochise County
St. David
Other Names:
Apache Nitrogen Products, Inc.
Site Description
The Apache Powder Company site is located approximately 50 miles southeast of Tucson,
Arizona. The site study area includes approximately 1,000 acres of land owned by Apache
Nitrogen Products, Inc. (ANP), formerly known as the Apache Powder Company. ANP began
operations in 1922 as a manufacturer of industrial chemicals and explosives. Currently, ANP
manufactures nitric acid, solid and liquid ammonium nitrate, blasting agents, and nitrogenous
fertilizer solutions. Prior to 1971, process wastewater from ANP's operations was discharged on
the site into dry washes which flow to the San Pedro River. Since 1971, wastewater has been
discharged into unlined evaporation ponds on the site, causing nitrate-contamination of a perched
groundwater zone, the shallow aquifer located both directly under and outside of ANP's property
boundary, and the surface water of the San Pedro River located east of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/10/86
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with arsenic, fluoride, and nitrate. Soils are
contaminated with antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, chromium, lead, manganese,
nitrate, vanadium pentoxide, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), and 2,6-DNT. Nitrate is the
primary contaminant of concern due to the potential ingestion risk for infants that
could result in methemoglobinemia ("cyanosis"), commonly referred to as "blue baby
syndrome." Coming into contact with or accidentally ingesting contaminants may pose
a health risk to individuals.
April 1995
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a cleanup of the entire site that
will address contamination of the perched groundwater, shallow aquifer groundwater, and
contaminated soils.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1987, as a result of earlier water quality testing by the
EPA, ANP provided bottled water to area residents whose wells were contaminated
with nitrate. In 1993, ANP conducted a removal action in Wash 3 to excavate buried
drums and consolidate DNT-contaminated soils. In 1994, ANP replaced seven nitrate-
contaminated shallow-aquifer wells with unpolluted deep-aquifer wells.
Entire Site: The investigation conducted by the EPA during 1988 and by ANP
between 1990 and 1992 identified the primary contaminants of concern in the soils
and groundwater. The investigation identified various cleanup alternatives for five
areas of contamination: two groundwater areas and three soils areas. In September 1994, the
EPA selected the use of a brine concentrator for treatment of the perched groundwater,
construction of wetlands to treat the shallow aquifer contamination, and a combination of both
on-site capping and off-site treatment and disposal of the contaminated soils. In January 1995,
ANP began design of these selected remedies.
Site Facts: In October 1989, the EPA issued ANP an Administrative Order to complete
investigative activities and a feasibility study of the cleanup alternatives. After taking over the
work, the EPA completed the investigation and feasibility study reports in June 1994, issued
proposals for site cleanup in July 1994, and selected the cleanup approach in September 1994. In
December 1994, the EPA issued ANP a second Order for the design and implementation of the
remedies. ANP began the design activities in January 1995.
Environmental Progress
The installation of deep-aquifer replacement wells provides a safe drinking water supply to
affected residents by eliminating potential exposure to nitrate-contaminated drinking water.
Cleanup of the perched groundwater and removal of contaminated soils will eliminate additional
potential exposure risk.
Site Repository
Benson Public Library, 300 South Huachuca, Benzon, AZ 85602
April 1995 2 APACHE POWDER COMPANY
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HASSAYAMPR
LANDFILL
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZD980735666
Site Description
EPA REGION 9
Maricopa County
40 miles west of Phoenix
The 47-acre Hassayampa Landfill site has been used as a municipal landfill since 1961. The
landfill accepted approximately 3,000,000 gallons of liquid and 4,000 tons of solid hazardous
waste. From 1979 to 1980, hazardous wastes were deposited in unlined trenches located in a 10-
acre portion of the site. In 1981, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) installed
three monitoring wells on site. Samples collected from these wells were found to be contaminated
with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Approximately 350 people draw drinking water from
private wells, and 2,800 acres of farmland are irrigated by wells within 3 miles of the site. The
nearest residence is approximately 1,000 yards south of the site. Hassayampa River, an
intermittent stream, is located 3/4 mile east of the landfill.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/10/86
Final Date: 07/22/87
Threats and Contaminants
Ambient air contains very low levels of VOCs. Groundwater sampling results also
have identified various VOCs. Soils beneath the waste pits contain VOCs, heavy
metals, pesticides, and lime wastes. Risk assessment results indicate that potential
health risks may exist for individuals who ingest the contaminated groundwater or
come into direct contact with hazardous wastes present in several of the trenches.
Currently, there does not appear to be any potential for adverse health effects due to
inhalation of VOCs in the air.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
April 1995
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Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1991, under EPA oversight, the parties potentially responsible for the
contamination completed an investigation of the nature and extent of contamination at
the site. Following the investigation, the EPA selected a remedy consisting of
extracting and treating contaminated ground water and reinjecting the treated water; monitoring
the treated groundwater to ensure the effectiveness of the remedy; treating the contaminated soil
using soil vapor extraction; capping the landfill; and controlling restricting future uses of the site
through deed restrictions. Design of the landfill cap was completed in 1994, and its construction
was completed in early 1995. Design of the soil and groundwater remedy is scheduled to begin in
1995. Operation of the groundwater treatment system will continue until cleanup goals are met.
Site Facts: In 1987, the EPA sent Special Notice Letters informing 108 individuals and
companies of their potential responsibility for wastes contaminating the site. In February 1988,
several potentially responsible parties entered into a Consent Order with the EPA in which they
agreed to conduct the site investigation under EPA oversight. More than 50 other potentially
responsible parties later contributed funds toward the completion of the investigation. A Consent
Decree was signed in August 1994 which requires 12 of the parties responsible for sending large
amounts of waste to the site to design, construct, and operate the selected remedy. The settlement
also requires the 12 major parties to reimburse EPA for all of its past and future response costs
at the site. The settlement provides for 77 of the potentially responsible parties responsible for
sending small amounts of waste to the site (referred to as de minimis parties) to resolve their
liability at the site by making cash payments directly to the 12 major settling^ potentially
responsible parties. The size of the cash payment required from the 77 de minimis parties is
based on the volumetric share of the waste sent to the site by each of these parties. The de
minimis settling parties are not responsible for conducting any of the cleanup work at the site.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that the Hassayampa Landfill site does not pose an immediate threat to public health or the
environment while cleanup activities are being designed and built at the site.
Site Repository
Buckeye Library, 310 North 6th Street, Buckeye, AZ 85326
April 1995 2 HASSAYAMPA LANDFILL
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INDIAN
WASH ARE
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZD98069596
EPA REGION 9
Maricopa County
Parts of Scottsdale, Tempe, and
Phoenix, and the Salt River Indian
Reservation
Site Description
The Indian Bend Wash Area site is more than 6 miles long and covers 13 square miles. The site
has been divided into two areas known as the North Indian Bend Wash Area (NIBW) and the
South Indian Bend Wash Area (SIBW). In 1981, the Cities of Scottsdale and Phoenix discovered
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in seven municipal supply wells. These contaminants appear
to have originated from several industrial facilities that operated in the NIBW; two of these
facilities, Motorola and Beckman, are located upgradient from five municipal water wells. Six of
seven contaminated wells were removed from service shortly after discovery; the seventh was
equipped with a treatment system to remove VOCs, and then was returned to full service. Some
facilities at the SIBW in Tempe, Arizona have discharged VOCs into the ground; other facilities
may have discharged heavy metals, cyanides, and acids. Landfills at this area have received a
variety of hazardous materials, including vinyl chloride and foundry slag. Approximately 70
percent of the City of Scottsdale's municipal water needs are supplied by groundwater.
Approximately 130,000 people live in Scottsdale.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Era
Groundwater is contaminated with VOCs, boron, chloroform, lead, and zinc. Soil is
contaminated with VOCs, cyanides, acids, and heavy metals including chromium and
lead. Surface water also contains VOCs. People could be exposed to chemicals from
the site if they accidentally ingest or come into direct contact with contaminated
groundwater, soil, or surface water. Groundwater at the site is used to irrigate various
crops and feed livestock. Contaminants could bioaccumulate in agricultural products
that use contaminated groundwater.
April 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in seven long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the
Northern Indian Bend Wash Area; the Scottsdale Area; the Beckman Industries Area; the
Motorola Area; the groundwater at the South Indian Bend Wash Area; the Siemens Area; and the
soil at the South Indian Bend Wash Area.
Response Action Status
Northern Indian Bend Wash Area: The EPA is addressing the NIBW as a
separate area of study from SIBW because the contaminants apparently come from a
different source. An investigation into the extent and type of contamination was
completed in 1991 and included recommendations on the best alternatives for cleaning up the site.
The selected cleanup remedy includes a soil vapor extraction system to address contaminated soil
and continued monitoring of the upper zone in the groundwater. Design of the remedy was
completed in 1992. Cleanup activities are ongoing and are expected to be completed in late 1995.
Scottsdale Area: In 1988, the EPA selected a cleanup alternative, which included
containing contaminants by extracting groundwater from the middle and lower parts of
the aquifer, and pumping five City of Scottsdale wells and air stripping the water to
clean it. The remedy includes treatment by granular activated carbon to extract the contaminants
from the stream of air. In 1990, the potentially responsible parties installed wells that will be
used to monitor the effectiveness of the cleanup process. The parties completed construction of
the wells in 1990. The cleanup is scheduled to be completed in 1995.
Beckman Industries Area: The EPA completed an investigation into the nature and
extent of contamination at this area in 1991. Based on the results of the investigation,
the final cleanup remedy selected is soil vapor extraction.
Motorola Area: The potentially responsible parties completed an investigation of
the extent of contamination at the area in 1991. The final cleanup remedy selected to
address site contamination is soil vapor extraction. The design phase is expected to
conclude in 1995. Motorola is currently late in submitting the design specifications.
South Indian Bend Wash Area, Groundwater: The EPA began a study of the
nature and extent of groundwater contamination at SIBW in 1988. The EPA has
ordered the potentially responsible parties to install groundwater monitoring wells to
assist with the investigation. Once completed, the study will recommend alternatives for final
cleanup of the site. The investigation is expected to be completed in late 1995.
Siemens Area: The potentially responsible parties began a study of the nature and
extent of contamination at this area in 1989 and completed it in 1991. The remedy
selected to address the cleanup of the soil is soil vapor extraction. The system was
installed and has successfully operated since the summer of 1994. In addition, the potentially
responsible parties voluntarily installed a groundwater treatment unit at the site and have been
extracting and treating groundwater at this location since the summer of 1994.
April 1995 2 INDIAN BEND WASH AREA
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South Indian Bend Wash Area, Soil: The EPA began a study of the nature and
extent of soil contamination at SIBW in 1990. A remedy for the treatment of VOCs
in soils was chosen in 1993. SIBW consists of approximately 10 subsites within the
study area that are at various stages of the investigation process. These subsites have the same
type of contaminants and very similar characteristics; therefore, a "plug-in" remedy was selected
that provides for cleanup by soil vapor extraction when a defined set of conditions associated
with volatile organic contamination are found in the soil. If upon completion of an investigation
of a subsite these conditions are met, the subsite will be addressed through this "plug-in" remedy.
Therefore, subsites can proceed to design and cleanup activities even though investigation work is
still underway for some of the subsites. In 1994, one subsite "plugged-in" and is currently in the
design phase. The EPA expects two additional subsites to "plug-in" during 1995.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Indian Bend Wash Area site. Cleanup is currently
underway at the Northern Indian Bend Wash Area, Scottsdale Area, and Siemens Area. Remedies
have been selected to address contamination at the Beckman Area and Motorola Area, and
remedies are being designed for one subsite in the Southern Indian Bend Wash Soil Area while
remaining investigations are underway.
Site Repository
Scottsdale Public Library, Civic Center Library, 3839 Civic Center Boulevard,
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Tempe Public Library, (South Area) 3500 South Rural Road, Tempe, AZ 85282
Phoenix Public Library, 12 East Mcdowell Road, Phoenix, AZ 85004
INDIAN BEND WASH AREA
April 1995
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LITCHFIELD
AREA
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZD980695902
EPA REGION 9
Maricopa County
Goodyear
Other Names:
Phoenix-Goodyear Airport Area
Litchfield Airport Industrial Area
Phoenix-Litchfield Airport Area
Site Description
The Litchfield Airport Area is a 35-square-mile site that covers a portion of the City of
Goodyear, Arizona, including the present Phoenix-Goodyear Airport. In 1981, the Arizona
Department of Health Services discovered contaminated groundwater near the airport. The State
also found contaminated groundwater at Unidynamics, a facility located to the north of the
airport. Soils were found to contain trichloroethylene (TCE) at both areas. The EPA sampled 89
wells in the area. Although 43 of these wells were found to contain TCE at levels that exceed
Federal health standards, no water containing contaminants above these levels has been used in
the municipal supply system since 1981. The combined population of Avondale and Goodyear is
approximately 30,000 people.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and soil contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including TCE and
chromium. The EPA concluded that, although TCE and other chemicals contaminate
the groundwater in the vicinity of the site, the risk to people is minimal because the
contaminated groundwater currently is not being used for drinking purposes. Although
the cities of Goodyear and Avondale use groundwater for their drinking water
supplies, their drinking water currently meets all State and Federal standards.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed through initial actions and three long-term remedial phases that focus
on cleanup of the southern area shallow groundwater, Unidynamics area, and remaining southern
contamination.
April 1995
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Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In the southern portion of the site, the former chromium sludge
drying bed has been cleaned up by using on-site solidification technology.
Construction of the remedy was completed in early 1993. Solidifying the sludge bed
has prevented migration of chromium into the groundwater and chromium dust particles into the
air.
Southern Area Shallow Groundwater: In 1987, the EPA selected a cleanup
strategy to control the movement and level of contaminants in the shallow
groundwater directly below the southern portion of the site. The extracted water will
be treated through air stripping and returned to the shallow groundwater system. Goodyear Tire
and Rubber began to pump and treat the shallow groundwater under the site in 1989. In 1993,
the expansion of the extraction and injection well system was completed. This expansion more
than doubled the treatment rate of shallow groundwater. The pump and treat system is expected
to operate into 1999.
Unidynamics Area: In 1989, the EPA selected a cleanup remedy that includes a soil
vapor extraction system and a groundwater pump and treat system. Unidynamics
began to design the selected remedy in early 1991 and began cleanup of the
contamination in mid-1993. The initial phases of the groundwater and soil cleanup are ongoing.
Remaining Southern Area Contamination: In 1989, the EPA selected a cleanup
remedy to address contamination at the rest of the southern portion of the site. The
remedy includes a soil vapor extraction system to treat contaminated soil, and a pump
and treatment system to clean the deep groundwater. Contamination from the groundwater is
removed through liquid-phase granular activated carbon devices. In 1994, both the soil and deep
groundwater cleanup systems began full-scale operation. The remedies are scheduled to operate
until late 1995.
Site Facts: In 1988, the EPA, Department of Defense (DOD), and Goodyear Tire & Rubber
Company finalized an agreement whereby Goodyear Tire will carry out cleanup activities for part
of the shallow groundwater contaminated under the southern section of the site. In 1990, the EPA
issued Unidynamics a Unilateral Administrative Order to design and implement all cleanup work
required for the northern section of the site. In 1991, the EPA, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.,
Loral Defense Systems-Arizona, and the State of Arizona signed a Consent Decree whereby
Goodyear Tire will design and implement soil and deep groundwater cleanup activities. In 1992,
the EPA, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., and Loral Defense Systems-Arizona signed a Consent
Order whereby Goodyear Tire will clean up a chromium sludge drying bed.
April 1995 2 LITCHFIELD AIRPORT AREA
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Environmental Progress
At the southern portion of the site, cleanup actions have either been completed or are in
operation. At the northern portion of the site, the first phases of the groundwater and soil cleanup
are operating. Construction of the second phase of both systems are expected to begin by mid-
1995. The third phase of groundwater treatment is currently being designed.
Site Repository
Contact the Region 9 Superfund Community Relations Office.
LITCHFIELD AIRPORT AREA
April 1995
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LUKE AIR FORCE^V
BASE
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZ0570024133
EPA REGION 9
Maricopa County
Glendale
Site Description
The primary mission of the 4,198-acre Luke Air Force Base (LAFB) site was to provide
advanced flight training to fighter pilots. Discharges and waste disposal practices at LAFB
resulted in soil and possible groundwater contamination. Thirty-two areas of the base are subject
to further investigation: two fire training areas; a waste oil and fuels underground storage tank
area; three waste oil disposal trench areas; three surface drainage canals receiving oily wastes; a
sewage treatment plant effluent canal; the site of an abandoned Defense Reutilization and
Marking Office; thirteen land disposal sites (one of which contains a radiological disposal area);
an old incinerator site; a former outside transformer storage site; two leaking underground
storage tank sites; an abandoned surface impoundment; an ammunition storage area; a skeet
range; and the base production wells. Contaminants used on site include organic solvents and
paint strippers, waste oil spills, petroleum spills, metal plating wastes, hydraulic fluids, and
radiological wastes. There are approximately 4,900 military personnel and dependents living on
base. Civilian and other military personnel who commute to the base daily from off-base areas
bring the total daily base population to approximately 8,000. The cities of Goodyear, Youngtown,
and Phoenix depend on the water from the Phoenix groundwater basin that underlies the site for
their drinking water supplies.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
Soil is contaminated with waste oils and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) resulting
from the diverse processes that have taken place on the site. Groundwater is
potentially contaminated with waste oils and VOCs also. Potential human health
hazards include accidental ingestion or direct contact with contaminated materials.
June 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: initial actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the entire site and soil contamination.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Initial cleanup actions included: closing a former waste-oil and
contaminated-fuel storage site; removing the tanks and capping the area with
concrete; and installing monitoring wells. In 1990, soil around the Agua Fria River
was stabilized by installing a grouted retaining wall. In addition, a vapor extraction system is
being used to remove VOCs from soils in the North Fire Training Area.
Soil Contamination: An investigation into the soil contamination at the site began
in 1990. Investigations were completed and cleanup remedies were selected in early
1994. Cleanup remedies include no further action at seven of eight soil areas;
inspection and maintenance of a concrete cap; and excavation, biological treatment, and on-site
disposal of soils from the canal portion of the site. Design of the remedies is ongoing and
scheduled for completion in 1995, at which time cleanup will begin.
Entire Site: In 1990, the EPA began oversight of the basewide investigation into the
nature and extent of contamination. In 1994, the laboratory conducting the sampling
tests for the site came under investigation for data quality problems. Currently, those
areas affected by the laboratory testing are on hold pending verification of the quality of the data.
Activities at remaining areas have continued, including treatability studies for soil contamination
and a risk assessment study to determine the potential risk posed by the site.
Site Facts: The Luke Air Force Base site is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program, a specially funded program established by the Department of Defense (DOD) in 1978
to identify, investigate, and control the migration of hazardous contaminants at military and other
DOD facilities. A Federal Facilities Agreement to conduct the site cleanup plan was signed in
September 1990. Under the terms of this Agreement, a basewide investigation and remedy
selection is expected to be drafted by 1995.
Environmental Progress
Closing the waste oil and fuel storage site, removing tanks, capping the area, and installing
monitoring wells have reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous materials at the Luke Air
Force Base site while further studies are underway, and cleanup activities are being planned.
June 1995 2 LUKE AIR FORCE BASE
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Site Repository
Glendale Public Library, 5959 West Brown Ave., Glendale, AZ 85302
LUKE AIR FORCE BASE
June 1995
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MOTOROLA,
(52ND STREET
PLANT)
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZD009004177
EPA REGION 9
Maricopa County
Phoenix
Other Names:
orola, Inc. Discrete Semiconductor
Site Description
Motorola, Inc. (52nd Street Plant) manufactures semiconductors and related components on this
90-acre site, using solvents in the production process. In 1983, Motorola tested several
underground storage tanks for leaks. Results showed that one tank containing volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) was leaking. Further investigations determined that on-site groundwater and
soil, as well as off-site groundwater to the west were contaminated. Motorola has detected
contamination in monitoring wells at least 3 miles from the facility. Although the site lies in an
area with drinking water provided by municipal water service, private wells have been identified
around the site. Water for irrigation is provided by the Salt River Project. Approximately 500
residents live within 1 mile of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater underlying the site, soil, and soil gas contain various VOCs from solvent
use at the site. People who accidentally ingest or come into direct contact with
contaminated groundwater or soil may be at risk.
April 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: interim actions and two long-term remedial phases
that both focus on cleanup of the contaminated groundwater plume.
Response Action Status
Interim Actions: Motorola has taken several interim actions to monitor and develop
treatment remedies for contaminated groundwater. In 1983 and 1984, Motorola
installed 22 on-site and six off-site monitoring wells. In 1986, additional monitoring
wells were installed. The company also initiated an on-site groundwater treatment program that
included treatability testing, design, and installation of a pilot treatment plant; treatment of
groundwater; and use of the effluent in the plant's air fume scrubbers.
Groundwater Plume (First Action): In 1988, the EPA selected a remedy to clean
up a portion of the site by recovering the soil gas and groundwater and treating them
in an on-site facility. On-site and off-site contaminated groundwater is being pumped
and treated by carbon adsorption at the treatment facility. The treated groundwater is then used in
the manufacturing processes, replacing drinking water supplied by the City of Phoenix. The full-
scale soil vapor extraction and treatment facility has been operating since 1992.
Groundwater Plume (Second Action): Motorola, under State supervision,
conducted an investigation of the remaining portion of the contaminant plume. In
1994, the State and EPA selected a remedy to contain the plume over an area that
extends about 3 miles to the west of the interim Motorola plant. The extracted groundwater will
be treated off site and reinjected into the aquifer.
Environmental Progress
The interim actions undertaken by Motorola and the soil and groundwater recovery and treatment
systems have made the site safer while additional cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Arizona Dept. of Environmental Quality, Remedial Projects Unit, 3033 N. Central Ave.,
Phoenix, AZ 85012
Phoenix Public Library, Saguaro Branch, 2802 N. 46th Street, Phoenix AZ
April 1995 2 MOTOROLA, INC.
(52ND STREET PLANT)
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MOUNTAIN VI
MOBILE HOM
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZD9807
EPA REGION 9
Gila County
2 miles from Globe
Other Names:
Globe Site
Site Description
The 17-acre Mountain View Mobile Homes site was developed in 1973 on the site of the former
Metate Asbestos Corporation's chrysotile asbestos mill. In 1979, asbestos contamination of the
site was discovered by local health officials inspecting the waste disposal system. Small piles of
asbestos mill tailings were found against the abandoned mill structures and the adjacent railroad
tracks. Before 1973, three mills in the area processed chrysotile asbestos ore from nearby mines.
Because they failed to meet new EPA standards for emissions, two of the mills were ordered
closed by the County in 1973. Before closing, however, the owner of one of the mill sites
obtained a permit to rezone the property into a residential subdivision and continued operations
for several weeks while residents were moving into the mobile home community. Asbestos mill
tailings were used as primary landfill material before the site was partially covered with topsoil.
The mill buildings and asbestos-laden equipment remained standing in the middle of the mobile
homes. The third mill, with its large pile of asbestos mill tailings, continued to operate a few
hundred yards from the mobile homes. Approximately 100 to 130 people lived in the mobile
home park. The Town of Globe has a population of 8,000, and the adjacent Town of Miami has
3,000 residents.
Site Responsibility:
This site was addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Deleted Date: 04/18/88
Threats and Contaminants
The air and soils on the site were contaminated with asbestos. Prior to site cleanup,
area residents who came.in direct contact with or accidentally ingested the
asbestos-containing soil may have been at risk. In addition, inhaling asbestos fibers
posed a potential for adverse health effects.
April 1995
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Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1980, the State provided temporary housing for the residents
while the site was being decontaminated. The old mill buildings were demolished,
and topsoil was used to cover the contaminated soil. Wind, water, and public activity
soon eroded the soil covering, which again exposed the asbestos tailings.
Entire Site: In 1983, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site that included:
permanently relocating the mobile home residents; cleaning the site and demolishing
and burying on site all the homes and sewage treatment plant; closing the site by
covering it with either clay or a synthetic material, and placing clean soil on top of the site;
fencing the area; and periodically inspecting and maintaining the site. Permanent relocation of all
residents was completed in 1985, and ownership of the purchased property was transferred to the
State. Following relocation of the residents, the site was cleaned up. The homes and other
structures were crushed and buried on site in two natural depressions. Drainage culverts and
enclosed pipes were installed to reduce the potential for erosion of the cover soils. A filter fabric
was placed over the entire site to act as a physical barrier to upward movement of asbestos fibers
and to prevent erosion. Clean soil was placed over the filter fabric, and compacted and crushed
rock was added to complete the cover. The site was fenced to protect the integrity of the cover.
The State has agreed to maintain the site for a minimum of 20 years. The EPA and the State
determined that the site is protective of public health and the environment and that no further
cleanup is required. The site was deleted from the NPL in 1988. A five year review, conducted
in 1991, confirmed the effectiveness of the remedy and ensured the safety of the site.
Site Facts: The Metate Asbestos mill was ordered closed by the Gila County Air Quality
Control District in 1973.
Environmental Progress
The numerous cleanup and relocation activities described above have eliminated the potential for
exposure to asbestos-laden materials at the Mountain View Mobile Homes site. Area residents
have been permanently relocated, and cleanup actions have successfully controlled site
contamination. The EPA and the State have determined that the site is now safe for nearby
residents and the environment and deleted it from the NPL in 1988.
April 1995 2 MOUNTAIN VIEW MOBILE HOMES
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NINETEEN!
AVENUE LA
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZD980496780
EPA REGION 9
Maricopa County
Phoenix
Other Names:
Salt River Landfills
Site Description
The 213-acre Nineteenth Avenue Landfill site operated as a sanitary landfill between 1957 and
1979. One 200-acre portion of the site, Cell A, is located on the northern bank of the Salt River.
A 13-acre portion of the landfill, Cell A-l, is located on the southern bank of the Salt River. In
the past, sand and gravel companies excavated material along a 7-mile stretch of the Salt River.
The City of Phoenix took over several of these pits for use as waste disposal sites. The
Nineteenth Avenue Landfill accepted municipal, radioactive, hospital, and industrial wastes.
Portions of the landfill are within the 100-year flood plain of the Salt River. Early in 1979, the
river flooded, raising the water table and filling several pits. The high water also breached
several dikes, opening landfill cells and causing refuse to wash into the river. Water also
infiltrated directly into the cells, increasing the potential for leachate movement. Leachate is
being generated from the site and is contaminating the groundwater. In addition, saturation of the
waste has generated excess amounts of methane gas. The landfill was closed by the State in 1979.
The population within 6 miles is approximately 6,000 people. The nearest residence is 1/3 mile
from the site. The area's primary drinking water is provided by the City of Phoenix water
distribution system. The municipal system draws water from surface water sources over 30 miles
away. The nearest drinking water supply well is over 3 miles away. An industrial well and an
agricultural well are located 200 feet and 800 feet from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and local actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
April 1995
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Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy metals including
arsenic, barium, mercury, and nickel, and beta radiation. Refuse in the landfill
contains VOCs and pesticides. Soil contains VOCs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
and pesticides. The generation and migration of methane gas is a hazard. Methane
may collect and reach explosive levels in enclosed buildings or other structures
adjacent to the site. The possibility of people being exposed to these contaminants is
unlikely, since there are no residential areas located within 1/4 mile of the site, and
groundwater is not used for drinking water. Area residents and site workers who come
in direct contact with or accidentally ingest the contaminated groundwater, soil, or
refuse may suffer adverse health effects.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Earthen berms were constructed on the site to limit access.
The site was covered with sand, gravel, and stones. In 1981, the City installed a
system to collect methane gas and installed monitoring wells to sample the
Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the landfill by
installing a gas collection and treatment system, covering the landfill with a clay soil
cap to prevent water from coming into contact with the buried materials, and
constructing bank protection levees between the river and the landfill to prevent erosion. In 1990,
the City of Phoenix began designing the technical specifications to clean up the site. Design
activities were completed in the fall of 1994, and construction is expected to begin in 1995.
Environmental Progress
Methane control devices installed at the site have eliminated the potential for gas accumulation
and explosion at the site. The construction of berms, covering of the site, and the installation of
monitoring wells have reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated materials while final
cleanup remedies are being designed at the Nineteenth Avenue Landfill site.
Site Repository
Ocotillo Branch Public Library, 102 West Southern Avenue, Phoenix, AZ 85041
April 1995 2 NINETEENTH AVENUE LANDFILL
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TUCSON
INTERNATI
AIRPORT ARE
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZD980737530
Site Description
EPA REGION 9
Pima County
Tucson
Other Names:
Hughes Aircraft Company
USAF Plant 44
The 24-square-mile Tucson International Airport Area (TIAA) site includes the Tucson
International Airport, portions of the San Xavier Indian Reservation, residential areas of the
Cities of Tucson and South Tucson, and the Air Force Plant #44/Hughes Aircraft Company
facility. At least 20 facilities have operated in the TIAA area since 1942, including: aircraft and
electronics facilities, which discharged waste liquids directly into the soil; fire drill training areas,
where wastes from training operations were left in unlined pits; and unlined landfills, which
received various wastes from several sources. The first indications of groundwater contamination
at TIAA appeared in the early 1950s, when elevated levels of chromium were detected in a
municipal supply well adjacent to the U.S. Air Force Plant #44. The U.S. Air Force Plant #44,
which has been operated under contract by the Hughes Aircraft Company (HAC) since 1951, is
believed to be a major contributor to groundwater contamination. The facility used
trichloroethylene (TCE) as a metal degreaser and chromium in electroplating. Wastewater and
spent solvents were discharged into unlined ditches or disposed of in waste pits and ponds.
Surface water flowed off HAC property and onto the San Xavier Reservation. Beginning in 1976,
lined wastewater holding ponds were constructed to receive wastewater discharges. The State also
closed a well at the plant because of high levels of chromium. A second source of contamination
at the TIAA site is believed to be the Tucson Airport Hangar Area, which was occupied by
various defense contractors from 1942 to 1958. During this period, volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) were used and disposed of on site and in the airport landfill. Other more recent
occupants of the hangar also may have contributed to the groundwater contamination. Sources of
contamination at the northern and eastern edges of the airport are believed to be the Arizona Air
National Guard, the Burr-Brown Corporation, and West-Cap Arizona. Due to these operations,
localized groundwater east of the main contaminant plume is also contaminated. The City of
Tucson is dependent on groundwater for its water supply. Before the discovery of groundwater
contamination, wells within the site boundaries provided water for over 47,000 people. The Santa
Cruz River borders the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, local, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
April 1995
-------
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater underlying the site and soil contain VOCs and chromium. People who
come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated groundwater and soil
may be at risk.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of groundwater and soils.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1981, the City of Tucson began closing all municipal wells
that exceeded the State health levels and notified private well users of potential risks.
Since 1987, the Air Force has been extracting and treating groundwater in the
southern portion of the site. By 1987, 35 lined wastewater holding ponds had been built to
receive process wastewater. In 1991, contaminated sludges from a concrete sump were removed.
Groundwater: In 1988, the EPA selected a remedy to treat the groundwater in the
northern portion of the site by pumping and air stripping the contaminated
groundwater, followed by discharging the treated water to the municipal water
distribution system. The emissions from the treatment process are filtered using granular
activated carbon. The remedy applies to three areas of groundwater contamination in the northern
portion of the site: a large area called "Area A" located west of the airport, and two smaller
areas, together referred to as "Area B," located north of the airport. Burr-Brown Corporation is
addressing contamination cleanup in the eastern-most section of Area B and the Arizona Air
National Guard is addressing the contamination cleanup in the western-most section. Burr-Brown
Corporation completed its design of the groundwater extraction and treatment system in Area B
in 1991 and began cleanup activities soon thereafter. The groundwater treatment system began
operation in 1994. This 6,000 gallon-per-minute system provides municipal drinking water to
about 50,000 Tucson citizens. The other potentially responsible parties, under EPA oversight, are
designing the technical specifications for the groundwater pump and treat system for the
remaining sections of "Area B" and "Area A."
Soils: In 1990, the potentially responsible parties, under EPA supervision, began an
investigation to determine the type and extent of soil contamination on airport
property. The investigation is scheduled to be completed in 1996, at which time
measures will be recommended for soil cleanup.
April 1995 2 TUCSON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AREA
-------
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA issued an Administrative Order to the parties potentially
responsible for site contamination requiring them to clean up the groundwater and soil. In March
1990, a Consent Decree was signed between the EPA and Burr-Brown Corporation requiring
Burr-Brown Corporation to clean up the eastern-most part of "Area B." In June 1991, a Consent
Decree was approved for the cleanup of "Area A" by the potentially responsible parties.
Environmental Progress
Contaminated drinking water supplies have been removed from service, and initial actions have
been taken to control further contamination at the site by treating contaminated groundwater and
remaining sludges from a concrete sump. Additional cleanup remedies, which are currently being
designed or operating, will address remaining contamination areas and restore the site.
Investigations into soil contamination are ongoing.
Site Repository
City of Tucson Main Library, Government Reference Section, 101 North Stone Street, Tuscon,
AZ 85701
TUCSON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AREA
April 1995
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WILLIAMS
FORCE BA
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZ7570028582
EPA REGION 9
Maricopa County
Chandler
Site Description
The 4,127-acre Williams Air Force Base (WAFB) site was commissioned as a flight training
school in 1941. Contaminants from base activities include organic solvents and paint strippers,
petroleum spills, metal plating wastes, hydraulic fluids, pesticides, and radiological wastes.
Discharges and disposal at WAFB have resulted in soil and groundwater contamination. Thirteen
subsites have been identified as potentially contaminated areas including: two fire training areas,
a fuel storage area, two surface storm drainage areas, a hazardous material storage area, a
landfill, a pesticide burial pit, a radiological disposal area, and four underground storage tanks.
In 1992, several new subsites were discovered at the base which will be added to the
investigation. Approximately 3,000 military personnel are stationed at WAFB, as well as 860
civilian employees. Many of the military personnel live off base in one of the surrounding towns.
The total population living on base, including dependents, is approximately 2,700. On an average
workday, the population of the base rises to over 5,000.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Final Date: 11/21/89
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrates. Heavy metals
including lead, cadmium, nickel, and chromium have also been detected in
groundwater, but their levels need to be confirmed. Soils contain various VOCs from
past disposal practices. Accidental ingestion of contaminated soil and groundwater is a
potential health hazard.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four stages: initial actions and three long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the entire site, the Liquid Fuels Storage Area, and remaining contamination.
April 1995
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Response Action Status
Initial Actions: A portion of the Southwest Drainage System was stabilized in 1988
by installing a soil, cement, and concrete cap on the ditch. In 1991, a small pesticide
drum burial site was excavated and disposed of off site. Radiological materials were
removed from another burial site and disposed of in late 1992. The removal of approximately 20
underground storage tanks at the liquid fuels storage area was conducted during late 1990 and
early 1991, eliminating the source of liquid fuel leaks.
Entire Site: Under EPA oversight, the Air Force completed an investigation of the
nature and extent of the contamination at all impacted areas of the base. Following
the investigation, a remedy was chosen that includes installation of a permeable
landfill cap over the landfill portion of the site. Design for the landfill cap is underway, and is
scheduled to be completed in mid-1995.
Liquid Storage Area: In 1990, an investigation into the type and extent of
contamination was initiated at the waste liquids storage area. At the conclusion of the
investigation in late 1992, a remedy was chosen that involves pumping and treating
the groundwater contamination, with reinjection of the treated groundwater. Cleanup activities are
ongoing and are scheduled for completion in late 1995.
Remaining Contamination: The remaining contamination at the site is scattered
across several different areas; each individual area too small to be considered as an
independent subsite. These areas are currently being addressed through a single
investigation of the nature and extent of the contamination. Upon completion of the investigation,
scheduled for mid-1996, appropriate cleanup alternatives will be considered.
Site Facts: Williams Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a
specially funded program established by the Department of Defense (DOD) in 1978 to identify,
investigate, and control the migration of hazardous contaminants at military and other DOD
facilities.
Environmental Progress
Cleaning the Southwest Drainage System, and removing pesticide drums, radiological materials,
and underground storage tanks have reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated materials
at the Williams Air Force Base site while studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being
planned.
Site Repository
Chandler Public Library, 75 East Commonwealth, Chandler, AZ 85225
ApriM995 2 WILLIAMS AIR FORCE BASE
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YUMA MARIN
CORPS AIR
STATION
ARIZONA
EPA ID# AZ0971590062
EPA REGION 9
Yuma County
2 miles from Yuma
Site Description
Since the mid-1950s, large volumes of waste fuels and solvents from refueling and servicing of
airplanes have been disposed of directly onto the ground or into unlined pits at the 3,000-acre
Yuma Marine Corps Air Station site. In addition, combustible materials such as fuel oil and
organic solvents have been deposited on the ground and burned during fire training exercises.
The Navy has identified volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soil at the site. Approximately
5,700 people live on site and usually obtain their drinking water from the Colorado River, through
an irrigation canal. However, during maintenance work on the canal that lasts for two weeks each
year, drinking water comes from an on-station well. An additional 3,300 base employees use
water from this well. The City of Yuma is 2 miles from the site, with a summer population of
60,000 and a winter population of 180,000. Groundwater supplies agricultural and industrial
users. The city does not use groundwater for drinking water purposes.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/22/90
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and soils on the site contain various VOCs and other contaminants
including residues from tear gas, ammunition, napalm, paints, and photographic
processing chemicals. Contaminants could pose a health risk to individuals if directly
contacted or accidentally ingested. The Colorado River, which runs close to the site,
could become polluted from the site contaminants.
April 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the entire
site and the groundwater.
Response Action Status
Groundwater: The Marine Corps began an investigation in 1991 to evaluate.the
nature and extent of the groundwater contamination. The results of the study will be
used to evaluate different cleanup alternatives. The investigation is scheduled to be
completed in late 1996.
Soil: In 1991, the Marine Corps began investigating the surface and subsurface
landfill areas that may be the sources of groundwater contamination. Once the
investigation is completed, scheduled for 1997, alternative cleanup options will be
identified and evaluated.
Site Facts: Yuma Marine Corps Air Station is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program, a specially funded program established by the Department of Defense (DOD) in 1978
to identify, investigate, and control the migration of hazardous contaminants at military and other
DOD facilities. In January 1992, the EPA entered into a Federal Facility Agreement with the
Manne Corps Air Station Yuma to initiate site investigations.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the Yuma Marine Corps Air Station site while site
studies and cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Not established.
April 1995 2 AMMO MARINE CORPS AIR STATION
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CARSON RIVE
MERCURY SI
NEVADA
EPA ID# NVD980813646
EPA REGION 9
n. Storey, and Churchill Counties
Site Description
The Carson River Mercury Site consists of a 50-mile stretch of the Carson River, beginning
between Carson City and Dayton, Nevada, and extending downstream through the Lahontan
Reservoir. The reservoir has been contaminated by mercury used in the amalgamation of gold
and silver. In the late 1800s, large amounts of mercury were used during the milling of the
Comstock Lode near Virginia City. Ore mined from the lode was transported to mill sites, where
it was crushed and mixed with mercury to amalgamate the precious metals. The mills were
located in Virginia City, Silver City, Gold Hill, Dayton, Sixmile Canyon, Gold Canyon, and
adjacent to the Carson River between New Empire and Dayton. Mercury was primarily released
from the mills in the Carson drainage as tailings and, less significantly, as air emissions.
Approximately 7,500 tons of mercury were released into this region during the Comstock Lode.
Today, mercury is distributed in the sediments and adjacent floodplain of the Carson River below
New Empire, and the sediments of Lahontan Reservoir, Carson Lake, Stillwater Wildlife Refuge,
and Indian Lakes. In addition, existing tailing piles with elevated mercury levels can be found at
and around the historic millsites in Sixmile Canyon, as well as in soils at and around many
historic millsites. The Nevada Division Environmental Protection (NDEP) sampled the water and
sediments from the Carson River and found elevated levels of mercury that were attributed to the
tailings piles in various areas of the Carson River. Approximately 1,400 people obtain drinking
water from wells within 3 miles from the site, the nearest being within 2,000 feet of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/04/89
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
Surface water, sediments, and soils at site areas are contaminated with mercury.
Possible health threats include direct contact with or accidental ingestion of the
contaminants. Additionally, runoff from contaminated site areas may spread
contamination to other unaffected environments. The sediments of the Stillwater
Wildlife Refuge are contaminated with mercury.
March 1995
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1991, seven tailings piles containing mercury-contaminated dust
were excavated and removed from the site. Concerns over the possible exposure of
vehicle users to contaminated materials prompted this removal. The EPA also
removed two mercury-contaminated tailings piles in the Dayton area to eliminate health risks
posed to children who play in the area. All contaminated materials were transported to a mineral
resource recovery facility.
Entire Site: The Carson River Mercury Site investigation was divided into two
projects. The focus of the first project is to characterize the human risks associated
with mercury contamination throughout the Carson basin, develop health based action
levels for soil, and identify areas where soil contamination warrants cleanup. The focus of the
second project is to characterize and assess the severity of ecological impacts, the impacts and
risks associated with the present levels of mercury in the sediments and surface water of the
Carson River system above Lahontan Dam, and to evaluate the feasibility of reducing mercury
concentration in biota to acceptable levels. The EPA began conducting the investigation into the
nature and extent of contamination at the site in 1990. Final remedies to clean up the site are
scheduled to be selected in 1995. The first part of the remedy will address the six areas where
soil contamination was found to pose unacceptable health risks.
Environmental Progress
Excavation and removal of contaminated tailings piles from the Carson River Mercury Site have
reduced the potential of exposure to contaminated dust while further studies are taking place and
cleanup actions are being planned.
Site Repository
Ormsby Public Library, 900 North Roop Street, Carson City, NV 89701
March 1995 2 CARSON RIVER MERCURY SITE
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