vxEPA
          United States
          Environmental Protection
          Agency
             Region 5
             77 West Jackson Boulevard
             Chicago, Illinois 60604
EPA905-R-94-014
May 1994
Superfund:  Progress at
National Priorities List Sites
Indiana 1994 Update

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                                                   May 1994
      NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST SITES:

                     INDIANA
                 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                 Region 5, Library (PL-12J)
                 77 West Jackson Boulevard, 12th Floor
                 Chicago, IL 60604-3590
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
               OFFICE OF SUPERFUND
           WASTE MANAGMENT DIVISION
                     REGION 5
              CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60604

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           TABLE OF  CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
     A Brief Overview of Superfund
     Streamlining Superfund:  The Superfund Accelerated Cleanup Model
     How Superfund Works
rv}THE VOLUME
''1    How to use the State Book
  A SUMMARY OF THE STATE PROGRAM
 THE NPL FACT SHEETS
 THE GLOSSARY
     Terms used in the NPL Book

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                     INTRODUCTION
           A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF SUPERFUND
     During the second half of the Twentieth
     Century, the environmental conse-
quences of more than 100 years of industrial-
ization in the United States became increas-
ingly clear. Authors such as Rachel Carson
wrote passionately about the often-hidden en-
vironmental effects of our modern society's
widespread use of chemicals and other haz-
ardous materials. Their audience was small at
first, but gradually their message spread.
Growing concern turned to action. a.s peopie
learned more about the environment and be-
gan to act on their knowledge

The 1970s saw environmental issues burst
onto the national scene and take hold in the
national consciousness. The first Earth Day
was observed in 1970, the year that the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was
founded. By the end of the 1970s, Love Canal
in New York and the Valley of the Drums in
Kentucky had entered the popular lexicon as
synonyms for pollution and environmental
degradation.
Superfund Is Established

The industrialization that gave Americans the
world's highest standard of living also created
problems that only a national program could
address. By 1980, the U.S. Congress had
passed numerous environmental laws, imple-
mented by the EPA, but many serious hazard-
ous waste problems were slipping through the
cracks.

Responding to growing concern about public
health and environmental threats from uncon-
trolled releases of hazardous materials, the
U.S. Congress passed the Comprehensive En-
vironmental Response, Compensation, and
Lability Act (CERCLA). Popularly known as
Superfund, CERCLA had one seemingly
simple job—to uncover and clean up hazard-
ous materials spills and contaminated sites.
A Big Job

Few in Congress, the EPA. the environmen-
tal community, or the general public knew in
19X0 just how big the nation's hazardous ma-
terials problem is. Almost everyone thought
that Superfund would be a short-lived pro-
gram requiring relatively few resources to
clean up at most a few hundred sites. They
were quite mistaken.

As the EPA set to work finding sites and
gauging their potential to harm people and
the environment, the number of sites grew.
Each discovery seemed to lead to another.
and today almost 36,000 hazardous waste
sites have been investigated as potential haz-
ardous waste sites.  They are catalogued in
the EPA's computerized database,  CERCLIS
(for the Comprehensive Environmental Re-

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  INTRODUCTION
sponse,  Compensation,  and Liability
Information System).
The damage to public health and the
environment that each site in
CERCLIS might cause is evaluated;
many sites have been referred to
State and local governments for
cleanup.  The EPA lists the
nation's most serious hazardous
waste sites on the National
Priorities List, or NPL.   (These
Superfund sites are eligible for
federally-funded cleanup,  but
whenever possible the EPA makes
polluters pay for the contamination
they helped create.)   The NPL now
numbers 1,275 sites,  with 50 to 100
added each year.  By the end of the
century, the NPL may reach as many
as 2000 sites.

Superfund faces some of the most
complex pollution problems ever
encountered by an environmental
program.  Improperly stored or
disposed chemicals and the soil
they contaminate are one concern.
More difficult to correct are the
wetlands and bays, and the
groundwater, lakes, and rivers
often used for drinking water that
are contaminated by chemicals
spreading through the soil or
mixing with storm water runoff.
Toxic vapors contaminate the air at
some sites, threatening the health
of people living and working near
by.

Superfund aims to control immediate
public health and environmental
threats by tackling the worst
problems at the worst sites first.
Wherever possible, Superfund
officials use innovative treatment
techniques many developed or
refined by the EPA to correct
hazardous materials problems once
and for all.  Many of the treatment
techniques they use did not exist
when the program was created.
The EPA Administrator had
challenged Superfund to complete
construction necessary for cleanup
work at 200 NPL sites by the end of
the 1992 federal fiscal year.  By
September 30, 1992, the end of
fiscal year 1992, construction had
been completed at a total of 149
NPL sites.  By September 30, 1993,
the end of fiscal year 1993,
construction had been completed at
217 sites, well in excess of the
Administrator's target of 200.  The
Superfund program now projects
completing construction at over 650
sites by the year 2000.

Quick Cleanup at NON-NPL Sites

Long-standing hazardous waste sites
are not Superfund's only concern.
The EPA also responds to hazardous
spillsand other emergencies,
hauling away chemicals for proper
treatment or disposal.  Superfund
teams perform"or supervise
responses at rail and motor vehicle
accidents, fires, and other
emergencies involving hazardous
substances.  They also evacuate
people living and working near by,
if necessary, and provide clean
drinking water to people whose own
water is contaminated.  Removal
crews also post warning signs and
take other precautions to keep
people and animals away from
hazardous substances.

Quick Cleanups, or Removals are not
limited to emergencies.  When
cleanup crews at contaminated sites
find hazardous substances that
immediately threaten people or the
environment, they act right away to
reduce the threat or to remove the
chemicals outright.  As the EPA
implements the Superfund
Accelerated Cleanup Model  (SACM),
more and more sites will undergo
quick cleanups, and many of these
will be cleaned  up completely -

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  INTRODUCTION
without ever being included on the
NPL.  (See "Streamlining Superfund
Accelerated Cleanup Model."")

Some of Superfund's most
significant gains in public health
and environmental protection have
been won by the removal program.
As of October 1,  1993, the
Emergency Response Program in
Region V has lost approximately 500
removal completions since Superfund
was established.

Public Participation

Superfund is unique among federal
programs in its commitment to
citizen participation.  Although
the EPA is responsible for
determining how dangerous a site is
and how best to clean it up,  the
Agency relies on citizen input as
it makes these decisions.

Probably, the most important
component of any NPL site is public
participation.  Community
Involvement has played a
significant role in the development
of cleanup activities at a site.
Although most proposals for cleanup
activities are brought forth by the
agency, it is usually the citizen's
input that gives the  "stamp of
approval" on the cleanup plan.
                                        Residents also comment on EPA
                                        cleanup plans by stating their
                                        concerns and preferences at public
                                        meetings and other forums and in
                                        formal written comments to Agency
                                        proposals.  The EPA takes and
                                        concerns seriously, and has
                                        modified many proposals in response
                                        to local concerns.  For ultimately,
                                        it is the community and its
                                        citizens that will live with the
                                        results of the EPA's decisions and
                                        actions; it is only fair that
                                        citizens participate in the
                                        process.
A Commitment to Communication

The Superfund program is very
serious about public outreach and
communication.  Community relations
coordinators are assigned to each
NPL site to help the public
understand the potential hazards
present, as well as, the cleanup
alternatives.  Local information
repositories, such as libraries or
other public buildings, have been
established near each NPL site to
ensure that the public has  an
opportunity to review all relevant
information and the proposed
cleanup plans.  The individual
State volumes contain summary fact
sheets on NPL sites in each State
and territory.  Together, the fact
sheets provide a concise report on
site conditions and the progress
made toward site cleanups as of May
1994.  The EPA revises these
volumes periodically to provide and
up-to-date record of program
activities.  A glossary of terms
relating to hazardous waste
management and Superfund site
cleanup is provided at the back of
this book.

Superfund is, of course, a public
program, and as  such it belongs to
everyone of us.

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                                                        INTRODUCTION
         STREAMLINING SUPERFUND: THE SUPERFUND
                 ACCELERATED CLEANUP MODEL
 Historically, critics and
 supporters alike have measured
 Superfund's progress by the number
 of hazardous waste sites deleted
 from the NPL.  Although easy enough
 to tally, this approach does not
 recognize the breadth of risk
 reduction attained by Superfund.
 First, it doesn't account for the
 early remedial actions conducted at
 the nations worst hazardous waste
 sites, which occurs well before
 site deletion.  Second, it ignores
 the significant contribution to
 reducing risks to human health and
 the environment by the Removal
 Program.

 In renewing Superfund's commitment
 to quick and early response
 actions, EPA has undertaken an
 initiative to streamline the
 Superfund program.  The Superfund
 Accelerated Cleanup Model (SACM)
 emphasizes the conduct of early
 actions, such as drum removal and
 source control, while long-term
 actions, such as groundwater
 contamination are appropriately
 studied.  In addition, SACM
.envisions an integrated site
 assessment process whereby the
 different Superfund assessments are
 integrated into a single process.
 Integrated assessments will reduce
 the time and resources required to
 evaluate a site and assess its
 threats to human health and the
 environment.  This way, immediate
 public health and environmental
 threats will be addressed while
 long-term cleanups are being
 planned.

 Emergencies such as train
 derailments and motor vehicle
 accidents will continue to be
 handled expeditiously.  Teams of
 highly trained technicians will
 swing into action right away,
 coordinating the cleanup and
 removal of hazardous substances to
ensure public safety as quickly as
possible.

BREAKING WITH TRADITION

The traditional Superfund process
begins with a lengthy phase of
study and site assessment, but SACM
will save time by combing separate,
yet similar,  activities.

Each EPA Region will form a
Regional Decision Team  (RDT)
composed of program managers  from
the Removal and Remedial program,
the Office of Regional Counsel,
Office of Public Affairs,
Environmental Science Division, and
the States.  The RDT will be
responsible for making decisions on
sites based on recommendations by
Site Assessment Teams (SATs).  The
SATs are comprised  of an RPM, OSC,
SAM, staff attorney,  State
representative,  and community
relations coordinator.  Other
experts such as ecologist and
toxicologists are brought in  on the
SATs on an as needed basis.   SATs
develop site specific strategies
potentially utilizing Removal  (i.e.
early action) and/or Remedial  (i.e.
long-term action) statutory
authorities.

In many instances,  SATs will
recommend to the RDT the initiation
of a -study for a long-term action
while work begins on an early
action to eliminate an immediate
threat to public health and the
environment.

Early Actions include taking
precautions to keep contaminants
from moving off the site and
restricting access  to the site.
Early Actions can eliminate most,
if r.ct all, risk associated with a
Superfund site.  Consequently,
early public involvement is

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                                                          INTRODUCTION
   BREAKING WITH TRADITION
               cont'

 participation during the site
 assessment process and Early
 Actions.

      LONG-TERM SOLUTIONS

 While Early Actions can correct
 many  hazardous waste problems	and
 provide the bulk of public health
 and environmental protection some
 contamination will take longer to
 correct.  Cleanups of mining sites,
 wetlands, estuaries, and projects
 involving incineration of
 contaminants or restoration of
 ground water can take far longer
 than  the three to five years
 envisioned for Early Actions.
 Under the SACM paradigm, the
 conduct of the long-term cleanup
 action will be similar to the
 present process.

 Also  under SACM, the EPA will
 continue its pursuit of potentially
 responsible parties who may have
 caused or contributed to site
 contamination.  Expedited
jsnforcement and procedures for
 negotiating potentially responsible
 party settlements will secure their
 participation.  Superfund personnel
 will continue to oversee clean-up
 work performed by potentially
 responsible parties.

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INTRODUCTION
                    HOW SUPERFUND WORKS
     Each Superfund site presents a different
     set of complex problems. The same haz-
ardous materials and chemicals often con-
taminate many sites, but the details of each
site are different Almost always, soil is con-
taminated with one or more chemicals. Their
vapors may taint the air over and around the
site. Contaminants may travel through the soil
and reach underground aquifers which may be
used for drinking water, or they may spread
over the site to contaminate streams, ponds,
and wetlands. The contaminating chemicals
may interact with each other, presenting even
more complicated cleanup problems.

Superfund's cleanup process is arduous and
exacting. It requires the best efforts of hun-
dreds of experts in science and engineering,
public health, administration and manage-
ment, law, and many other fields.

The average NPL site takes from seven  to ten
years to work its way through the system,
from discovery to the start of long-term
cleanup. Actual cleanup work can take years,
decades if contaminated groundwater must
be treated. Of course, imminent threats to
public health or the environment are cor-
rected right away.

The diagram to the right presents a simplified
view of the cleanup process. The major steps
in the Superfund process are:

 • Site discovery and investigation to iden-
   tify contaminants and determine whether
   emergency action is required;

 • Emergency site work such as removing
   contaminants for proper treatment or dis-
   posal, and securing the site to keep people
   and animals away, if warranted by condi-
   tions at the site;

 • Site evaluation to determine how people
   living and  working nearby, and the envi-
   ronment, may be exposed to site contami-
   nants;
  • Detailed studies to determine whether con-
  ditions are serious enough to add the site to
  the National Priorities List of sites eligible
  for federally funded cleanup under Super-
  fund;

  > Selection, design, and implementation of a
  cleanup plan, after a thorough review of
  the most effective cleanup options, given
  site conditions, contaminants present, and
  their potential threat to public health or the
  environment

  • Follow-up to ensure that the cleanup work
  done at the site continues to be effective
  over the long term.
   The Superfund Process
From the earliest stages, EPA investigators
work hard to identify those responsible for the
contamination. As their responsibility is es-
tablished, the EPA negotiates with these "re-
sponsible parties" to pay for cleaning up the
problem they helped create. This "enforce-
ment first" policy saves-Superfund Trust Fund
monies for use in cleanups where the respon-
sible parties cannot  be identified, or where
they are unable to fund cleanup work.

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                         THE VOLUME
                    How to  Use the  State Book
     The sue fact sheets presented in this book
     are comprehensive summaries that cover
a broad range of information. The fact sheets
describe hazardous waste sites on the NPL and
their locations, as weil as the conditions
leading to their listing ("Site Description").
The summaries list the types of contaminants
that have been discovered and related threats
to public and ecological health ('Threats and
Contaminants'"). "Cleanup Approach" pres-
ents an overview of the cleanup acuvities
completed, underway, or planned. The tact
sheets conclude with a brier synopsis of how
much progress has  been made in protecting
public health and the environment The
summaries also pinpoint other actions, such as
 legal efforts to involve polluters responsible
 for site contamination and community con-
. cerns.

 The fact sheets arc arranged in alphabetical
 order by site name. Because site cleanup is a
 dynamic and gradual process, all site informa-
 tion is accurate as of the date shown on the
 bottom of each page.  Progress always is being
 made at NPL .sites, and the EPA periodically
 will update the sue fact sheets to reflect recent
 actions and will publish  updated State vol-
 umes. The following two pages show a ge-
 neric fact sheet and briefly describe the infor-
 mation under each section.
How Can You Use
This State Book?
You can use this book to keep informed about
the sites that concern you. particularly ones
close to home. The EPA is committed to
involving the public in the decision making
process associated with hazardous waste
cleanup. The Agency solicits input from area
residents in communities affected by Super-
fund sites. Citizens are likely to be affected
not only by hazardous site conditions, but also
by the remedies mat combat them.  Site clean-
ups take many forms and can affect communi-
ties in different ways. Local traffic may be
rerouted, residents may be relocated, tempo-
rary water supplies may be necessary.
Definitive information on a site can help
citizens sift through alternatives and make
decisions. To make good choices, you must
know what the threats are and how the EPA
 intends to clean up the site.  You must under-
 stand the cleanup alternatives being proposed
 for site cleanup and how residents may be
 affected by each one. You also need to have
 some idea of how your community intends to
 use the site in the future, and you need to know
 what the community can realistically expect
 once the cleanup is complete.
 The EPA wants to develop cleanup methods
 mat meet community needs, but the Agency
 only can take local concerns into account if it
 understands what they are.  Information must
 travel both ways in order for cleanups to be
 effective and satisfactory. Please take this
 opportunity to learn more, become involved.
 and assure that hazardous waste cleanup at
 "your" site considers your community's
 concerns.

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THE VOLUME
   NPL L3T1NG HISTORY

 Provides the dares when the
 site was Proposed, made Final.
 and Deleted tmm the NPL.
   SITE RESPONSIBILITY

 Identities Hie Federal. State.
 and/or porenrially responsible
 panics taKing responsimlity
 tor cleanup actions at die site.
     ENVIRONMENTAL
        PROGRESS

 Summarizes rhe actions to
 reduce inc threats to nearby
 residents and the surrounding
 environment and the progress
 towards cleaning up the sue.
SITE NAME
STATE
£PAlO» A8COOOOOOO
                                                                   EPA REGION XX
                                                                     COUNTY NAME
                                                                       LOCATION
Threats and Contaminants
                              Response Action Status
Environmental Progress
                             Site Repository
                                                      BBSBl SI
                                                    SITE REPOSITORY

                                     Lists the location or the primary site repository. The site
                                     repository may include community relations plans, public
                                     meeting announcements and minutes, tact sheets, press
                                     releases, and other site-related documents.

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                                                    THE VOLUME
                          SITE DESCRIPTION

  This section describes the location and history of the site. It includes descrip-
  tions of the most recent activities and past actions at the site that have con-
  tributed to the contamination.  Population estimates, land usages, and nearby
  resources give readers background on the local setting surrounding the site.
                    THREATS AND CONTAMINANTS

 The major chemical categories of site contamination are noted, as well as
 which environmental resources are affected.  Icons representing each of the
 affected resources (may include air. groundwater. surface water, soil, and
 contamination to environmentally sensitive areas) ore included in the margins
 of this section.  Potential threats to residents and the surrounding environ-
 ments arising rrom the site contamination also are described.
                        CLEANUP APPROACH

 This section contains a brief overview of how the site is being cleaned up.
                     RESPONSE ACTION STATUS

 Specific actions that have been accomplished or will be undertaken to clean
 up the site arc described here. Cleanup activities at NPL sites are divided
 into separate phases, depending on the complexity and required actions at the
 site. Two major types of cleanup activities often arc described:  initial.
 immediate, or emergency actions to quickly remove or reduce imminent
 threats to the community and surrounding areas: and long-term remedial
 phases directed at final cleanup at the site.  Each stage of the cleanup strategy
 is presented in this section of the summary. Icons representing the stage of
 the cleanup process (initial actions, site investigations. EPA selection of the
 cleanup remedy, engineering design phase, cleanup activities underway, and
 completed cleanup) are located in the margin next to each activity descrip-
 tion.
                             SITE FACTS

Additional information on activities and events at the site are included in this
section. Often details on legal or administrative actions taken by the EPA to
achieve site cleanup or other facts pertaining to community involvement with
the site cleanup process are reported here.

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A SUMMARY OF THE STATE PROGRAM

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              SUPERFUND ACTIVITIES IN INDIANA

The State of Indiana  is located within EPA Region  5, which includes the six
midwestern States.  The State covers 36,185 square miles.  According to the
           1990  Census, Indiana experienced a 1  percent increase in
           population between 1980 and 1990,  and is ranked fourteenth in
           U.S.  population with approximately 5,544,000 residents.

           The Indiana Hazardous Waste Act of 1980, the Environmental
           Management Act and the Hazardous Waste  Land Disposal Tax Act of
           1981  combine to authorize site cleanup  activities in the State
           of Indiana.  The statutes grant the State the authority to
           compel polluters who are liable for site contamination to
           conduct  or pay for cleanup activities,  regardless of fault or
           the amount of contributing pollution.   The State also has the
authority to issue  orders for information and site access, collect civil
and criminal penalties and damages, and recover  costs for State action.
Under the Indiana Responsible Transfer Law, andy environmental risks posed
at a property must  be disclosed prior to real estate transfer.  In addition
to the 10 percent contribution from the State required by the Federal
Superfund program,  the Hazardous Substances Response Trust Fund may be used
for investigations, study and design activities, emergency actions and
removals, long-term cleanup actions, operation and maintenance activities,
actions at non-petroleum Leaking Underground Storage Tank sites, and pre-
authorized mixed funding claims.  A 1991 amendment authorized use of the
Fund to address  sites contaminated with petroleum.  The State public
participation policy  is to provide a 30-day comment period prior to final
cleanup decisions.  In practice, public meetings are held several times
during the site  investigation, followed by availability sessions in the
affected communities. Currently, 32 sits in the State of Indiana have been
listed as final  on  the NPL; three sites have been  deleted.
  THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
            implements the Superfund Program in the State of Indiana
Facts about the 36 NPL sites in Indiana


Immediate Actions (such as  removing hazardous substances  or  restricting
site access)  were performed at  25 sites.


Eleven sites endanger  sensitive environments.


Thirty-two sites are located  near residential areas.

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INDIANA
i                                                                    ==i

The potentially Responsible Party Pays...

In the State of  Indiana, potentially responsible parties  are paying for or
conducting cleanup activities at 26 sites.
    For Further Information on NPL Sites and Hazardous Waste
           Programs in the State of Illinois Please Contact:
*  EPA Region  5 Office of
   Public  Affairs

*  National  Response Center
*  Department of
   Environmental Management
   Office  of Environmental
   Response, Project
   Management Branch

*  EPA Region 5 Waste
   Management Division

*  EPA Superfund Hotline
For information concerning
community involvement

To report a hazardous
waste emergency

For information about the
State's  responsibility in
the Superfund Program
For information about the
Regional  Superfund Program

For information about the
Federal Superfund Program
(312) 353-2072


(800) 424-8802


(217) 782-6760
(312)  353-9419


(800)  424-9068

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 AMERICAN
 CHEMICAL
 SERVICE, INC
 INDIANA
 EPA ID# IND016360265
EPA REGION 5
     Lake County
       Griffith
Site Description
American Chemical Service (ACS),  Inc. recycled chemicals on 21 acres along South Colfax
Avenue  in Griffith from 1958 until 1975, when it voluntarily stopped using two disposal areas
on site and  covered them.  The  site contains an estimated  35,000 buried drums, pigment  and
resin sludges, including PCBs and VOCs. The site operated until 1990 as a hazardous  waste
recycler with interim status under the Resource  Conservation and Recovery  Act (RCRA).
The site previously contained three different operations:  the American Chemical Service,
Kapica Drum, and the Griffith  Sanitary Landfill. ACS began operation in 1955 as a solvent
recovery firm and later began a chemical manufacturing  operation.  From 1955 until at least
1975, ACS disposed of a variety of hazardous wastes produced during company operations in
an area known as the off-site containment  area on the property. ACS also disposed of
numerous drums and stillbottoms  in portions of the currently  operating facility. Some  waste
was accepted from outside  sources for incineration  in an on-site incinerator,  and the ash was
disposed of on ACS property. In 1972, the  Indiana  State  Board of Health  (ISBH) responded
to residents' complaints and inspected the ACS  facility. From 1972 to 1973, ISBH attempted
to achieve  improved waste  handling, spill prevention measures, and site maintenance.  In 1974
and 1975, ISBH also responded to reports that ACS was discharging chemicals to the  sanitary
sewer  and dumping chemicals on site. Approximately 10,000 people live within 3 miles of the
site, the  closest being less than  1/4 mile away. Located  in the  immediate vicinity of the site
are a few residences, railroad tracks, drainage ditches, and marshy areas.  More than 2,000
private wells are in use in the area of the site.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                     Federal and potentially responsible
                     parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
  Final Date: 09/21/84
                                                                           May 1994

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Threats and Contaminants
          The groundwater  is contaminated  with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
          including benzene,  toluene, chloroethane,  xylene, vinyl chloride, the creosote
          pentachlorophenol  (PCP), and phthalates.  The shallow aquifer  contains the highest
          amounts of organic contaminants.  Soils are heavily contaminated  with numerous
          substances including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), heavy metals,  semi-
          volatiles, coal tar constituents,  VOCs, and some  pesticides. Evidence  suggests that
          the heavily contaminated  shallow  aquifer discharges to the wetlands and surface
          water, posing the potential for adverse effects. Past discharges  by ACS had
          affected  a major portion  of the site's wetlands. Exposure to contaminants  by
          accidently ingesting groundwater and surface  water; coming in direct contact with
          groundwater,  surface water,  soil, or sediments; or inhaling airborne  VOCs  could be
          potential  health threats.
Cleanup Approach
The  site is being  addressed  in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup  of the entire site.
Response Action Status
           Initial Actions: In the early 1980s, ACS installed a clay wall to block the
           perceived flow direction of the groundwater  and to control the  environmental
           degradation due  to surface water and leachate runoff. Initial cleanup efforts
concentrated  on identifying,  staging, and segregating  drums from construction  debris in the
building. Drums were labeled, sampled, overpacked, and staged in a nearby  vacant building.
Twenty-four-hour  security was maintained  throughout the removal.  Construction debris was
decontaminated  and disposed. The remaining  building brick was scrubbed with a high pressure
wash. All rinsate and decontamination  water was collected and removed for treatment  and
disposal. Drums were grouped into three separate waste streams based on pH levels. All
three  waste streams were accepted at  a facility for treatment  and disposal.  A total of 277
drums of waste and 23,154 gallons of water were shipped off site for treatment  and disposal.

           Entire  Site: The site investigations have now been completed and  on September
           30, 1992, the EPA selected  a remedy  to clean up the site which includes:
           pumping and treating  contaminated  groundwater; excavation and incineration  of
contaminated  soil  and drums of hazardous  waste; vapor extraction  of contaminants  in site
soils;  evaluation, monitoring  and, if necessary, restoration of wetlands; site  fencing and
implementation of deed and access restrictions;  and long term monitoring  of the site. It is
anticipated that the design of technical aspects of the cleanup will begin in 1994.
May 1994                                                    AMERICAN CHEMICAL SERVICE, INC.

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Environmental Progress
The site investigation and assessment of the cleanup options has been completed. The  EPA
has selected a cleanup remedy and is negotiating with the potentially responsible parties to
fund the remaining site activities.
Site Repository
Griffith Public Library, 940 North Broad Street, Griffith, IN 46319
AMERICAN CHEMICAL SERVICE, INC.
May 1994

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 BENNETT STd
 QUARRY
 INDIANA
 EPAID# IND006418651
EPA REGION  5
    Monroe County
     Bloomington
 Site Description
 The Bennett Stone Quarry site consists of approximately 4 acres and is located approximately
 2 1/2 miles northwest of Bloomington. This limestone quarry was used as a dump for old
 electrical parts for approximately 20 years, before it was discovered by the Monroe County
 Health Department  (MCHD)  in 1983. The MCHD  subsequently defined  an area of several
 acres that had  been  used for dumping electrical parts, including a large number of capacitors
 contaminated  with poly chlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Labels found on the capacitors  during
 the MCHD investigation linked contamination  to the Westinghouse  Corporation.  Soil samples
 from the site indicated PCB concentrations as high as 380,000 ppm. EPA removed surface
 capacitors from the site, installed a clay cap, security fencing and warning signs in 1983.
 Sediments from Stouts Creek, adjacent to the  site, were hydro-vacuumed  in 1987. Five other
 PCB-contaminated sites are located  in the  Bloomington  area, three of which are listed as
 separate  sites on the NPL:  Neal's Landfill, Neal's Dump, and Lemon Lane Landfill. Anderson
 Road, an authorized  landfill, and Winston-Thomas  Treatment  Plant, an inactive City-owned
 wastewater  treatment plant, are the  other sites. The majority of the residents living near
 Bennett  Stone  Quarry  and  the adjoining  property depend on private wells for their water
 supply. The land along Stout  Creek is used for quarry operations and some farming. Beef
 cattle are raised on property adjacent to  Stouts Creek. The  quarries adjacent to the site once
 were frequented  by local residents and campers for recreational activities.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                     Federal and potentially responsible
                     parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
  Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
          On-site  groundwater, soils, sediments,  and surface water were contaminated with
          PCBs. Off-site sediments located in Stout Creek also were contaminated  with
          PCBs. Smaller amounts of PCBs were found in the waters of Stout Creek. Area
          residents could have been exposed  to contaminants through direct contact with
          PCB-laden  oil in the ponds and on-site PCB-contaminated  soil. The primary risk
          currently posed  by the site is through contamination  of groundwater, used by some
          nearby residents as a source of drinking water.
                                                                             May 1994

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 Cleanup  Approach	

 The site is being addressed in two stages:  emergency actions and a long-term remedial phase
 directed at cleanup of the entire  site.
 Response Action Status
           Emergency Actions: The EPA undertook an emergency cleanup  in 1983 that
           included: removing and disposing of capacitors on the surface and contaminated
           soils; conducting an aerial photographic  survey, a geophysical study, and soil
sampling; placing an impervious cover over the site  to prevent runoff of contaminants;  and
constructing security fencing around  the  site. In 1987, contaminated   sediments were
excavated from Stout Creek.

           Entire Site: Activities  conducted  to address contamination  at the site included:
           excavating all refuse plus  a 2-foot buffer zone around the known refuse;
           incinerating excavated  materials in an approved  facility; hydro-vacuuming
contaminated  sediments from  the  on-site ponds and Stout Creek and storing them off site
until incineration  and disposal can be conducted; and  regrading, covering, and revegetating
the area of the site. Groundwater  and surface water monitoring will be continued to ensure
that  water quality standards are maintained.

Site Facts: In 1985, the Westinghouse  Corporation and the  EPA signed a Consent  Decree,
under which Westinghouse  agreed to perform the site cleanup.  Currently, the parties  to the
Consent Decree  are exploring alternative  remedies  to incineration.
Environmental  Progress
The  excavation,  removal, or incineration  of hazardous materials  and contaminated  creek
sediments,  installation of a security fence, and other  cleanup  activities have reduced  the
potential for exposure to contamination  at the Bennett Stone  Quarry site. Continuing
groundwater  and surface water monitoring will provide protection to nearby residents and the
environment.
Site Repository
May 1994                                                            BENNETT STONE QUARRY

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Site  Repository
Monroe County Public Library, 303 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47491
BENNETT STONE QUARRY
May 1994

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CARTER  LEE
LUMBER  COMPA
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND01639589^5
EPA REGION 5
    Marion County
     Indianapolis
Site  Description
Carter Lee Lumber Company has been selling lumber products at this 2-acre site since 1873.
In 1971, Carter Lee bought land behind its original property from the Cleveland, Cincinnati,
Chicago, and St. Louis Railway Corporation. Liquid wastes from tank trucks and railroad cars
reportedly were dumped onto the ground and into a trench on the property. The EPA
sampled the soil in 1985 and found it to be contaminated with heavy metals and polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs). The trench has been filled with clay and the property has
been fenced, with access limited to employees of the lumber company. Approximately 710,000
people obtain drinking water from municipal wells within 3 miles of the site. These wells are
supplied by surface water. The closest private drinking water well is upgradient from the
property and approximately 3,500 feet away. The property is in the flood plain of the White
River, which is located 1,500 feet from the site.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                    Federal, State, and potentially
                    responsible parties' actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 06/24/88
   Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
         Soil is contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and
         copper; as well as cyanide and various volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
         Presently, there is little threat to human health or the environment. The site is
         fenced; however, employees of the lumber company are coming into contact with
         contaminated soil, as well as cleanup workers who dig or uncover the
         contamination in the trench.
                                                                        May 1994

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 Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
 Response Action Status
          Entire Site: An investigation is underway at the Carter Lee Lumber Company
          site to delineate the nature and extent of contamination in all media. The EPA
          will identify and evaluate potential routes of contaminant migration, assess risk
posed by the site, and collect data to identify and evaluate remedial alternatives. The
investigation is planned for completion in early 1995.
Environmental Progress
The site has been fenced to limit access and the trenches have been filled to reduce the
potential for exposure to contaminated soil at the Carter Lee Lumber Company site. The
EPA has assessed conditions at the site and determined that no immediate actions are
required while studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Hawthorn Community Center, 2440 W. Ohio Street, Indianapolis, IN  46222
May 1994
CARTER LEE LUMBER COMPANY

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COLUMBUEF0LD
MUNICIPA
LANDFILL
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980607626
EPA REGION 5
 Bartholomew County
     Columbus

   Other Names:
   City Dump #1
Site Description
The City of Columbus operated the 12-acre Columbus Old Municipal Landfill #1 site without
a permit from 1938 until 1966. The landfill reportedly accepted municipal and industrial
wastes including solvents, acids, bases, paints, and heavy metals. The landfill is unlined, but
the top is covered with a layer of sand, clay, and gravel where grass has grown. Wastes were
deposited on the surface of the landfill, and the site forms a low barrier between the
farmlands that surround it and the East Fork of the White River. Geologic conditions at the
site make it easy for the groundwater to interact with and contaminate the surface waters in
the area. The closest residence to the site is less than 1/2 mile away. Approximately 33,000
people live within a 3-mile radius of the site. There are private wells within 1/2 mile of the
site, and public wells for water supply are within 3 miles.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                   Federal, State, and potentially
                   responsible parties' actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 09/18/85
  Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
         Contamination found on site includes acids, bases, and organic solvents. Possible
         health threats to people include drinking or coming in direct contact with
         contaminated groundwater, or accidentally ingesting contaminated soil.
                                                                     May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial  phase  focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
           Entire Site: The potentially responsible parties began an investigation  in 1987 to
           determine the  nature  and  extent of contamination at the  site. The remedy was
           selected in early 1992. Based on the investigation, it was concluded that no
further action was needed  at the  site.  However, due to the possibility of a public road being
constructed on the site,  a  contingency  remedy  also was selected. If a road  is built, institutional
controls will be implemented, including fencing, capping and monitoring.

Site Facts: In 1987, a Consent Order was signed between the EPA, the Indiana Department
of Environmental Management, and three parties potentially responsible for the  site
contamination.  Under the  agreement,  the  parties agreed to study the site to determine  the
nature  and extent of contamination  at the landfill.  In March 1992, based on the results of the
investigation,  a limited action alternative was selected  by the EPA. Groundwater  monitoring
will continue  at the site.
Environmental Progress
After adding  this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary  investigations  and
determined that  no immediate actions were required at the Columbus Old Municipal Landfill
site while studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Bartholomew County  Public Library, Columbus, IN 46901
May 1994
COLUMBUS OLD MUNICIPAL LANDFILL #1

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CONRAIL  RAIL  YA
(ELKHART)
INDIANA
EPA ID#IND000715490
Site Description
EPA REGION  5
    Elkhart County
       Elkhart
    Other Names:
   County Road 1
The Conrail Rail Yard (Elkhart)  began operations in 1956 as part of the New York Central
Railroad and continued  operations as a subsidiary of the  Perm Central  Transportation
Company until 1976. From  1962 to 1968, numerous citizen complaints regarding oil discharges
from the rail yard to the nearby St. Joseph River were filed with State  and local authorities.
In 1976, Conrail took over the rail yard's functions. From 1976 to 1986, the rail yard
experienced spills and releases  of oil, diesel fuel, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, and various
petroleum-related substances. Also, track-cleaning  fluids and engine  degreasers were used and
disposed of at the site. The site contains several ponds used to stabilize  waste and separate
oils and a disposal area, now covered, where rail yard wastes were discarded.  In 1986, the
EPA discovered volatile organic compounds (VOCs)  in the  groundwater near the  site.
Approximately  41,000 people live in Elkhart; the entire population obtains its drinking water
from groundwater. The Elkhart Water Works serves approximately  41,000 persons living
northeast  of the site. The remaining  population  obtains drinking water  from private
residential  wells, including people living immediately north and west  of the site, many of
which have contaminated  wells.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                     Federal actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 06/24/88
   Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats  and Contaminants
          Groundwater  and soil at the site contain VOCs. People have been exposed to
          contaminated  groundwater via their private wells. Filter systems have been
          installed  in homes with  confirmed VOC contamination to eliminate  the immediate
          health threats. People could be exposed to hazardous substances from the site by
          accidentally coming  into direct contact with or ingesting contaminated  soil.
                                                                             May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages:  immediate actions and two long-term remedial
phases focusing on cleanup of the entire site and cleanup of the source area of the
contamination.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: The EPA began a program to sample the groundwater off
           site in 1986. The EPA sampled 88 residential wells and detected various VOCs.
           The EPA provided bottled water to residents whose wells were affected. Also, the
EPA installed 76 activated carbon filter units in residences. As part of the immediate action,
the EPA also removed 28 drums containing waste paint from the nearby Martin property in
1987.

          Entire Site: The EPA started an investigation of the nature and extent of
          contamination at the site in 1988. This study resulted in an Agency decision in
          1991 to connect  four affected residential areas to the City of Elkhart municipal
water supply system, conduct groundwater monitoring, and install a groundwater extraction,
treatment and disposal system.  Design of the cleanup remedies began late in 1992. The
design is scheduled to be finalized in Spring 1994.

          Source Area: In 1991, the EPA began further investigation of the source area of
          the contamination.  The study and a final Record of Decision are scheduled to be
          completed in Summer 1994.
Environmental Progress
The immediate actions of providing bottled water, installing carbon filter units, and removing
drums have reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated drinking water and continue
to protect residents near the Conrail Rail Yard (Elkhart) site while cleanup actions are being
planned and investigations are ongoing.
Site Repository
Elkhart Public Library, 300 South 2nd Street, Elkhart, IN 46516
May 1994                                                    CONRAIL RAIL YARD (ELKHART)

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CONTINENTAL
CORPORATION
INDIANA
EPAID# IND001213503
                                              EPA REGION 5
                                                  Howard County
                                                    Kokomo
Site Description
The Continental Steel Corporation Site is a state-lead, for the remedial work, site funded by
the Superfund program. The site was operated by Continental Steel and its predecessors from
approximately 1914 to 1986, when operations ceased following a filing for bankruptcy by the
company. The plant produced nails, wire, and wire fence from scrap steel at this plant in
Kokomo, Indiana. The site includes the main plant (about 68 acres), a lagoon area (about 53
acres), and a quarry area (about 20 acres) at the present time, and it could be expanded in
the future as additional areas that were used in the operations are investigated. Investigations
of two adjacent creeks has been included in the studies. Currently, the remedial investigation
of the site has been broken up into six operable units: groundwater; lagoon area; Kokomo
and Wildcat Creeks; Maryland Avenue Quarry; main plant; and  slag materials. Contamination
due to the presence of various volatile organic compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
and several metals, including lead, has been found on and near the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                    Federal and State actions.
                                               NPL LISTING HISTORY
                                               Proposed Date: 06/24/88
                                                 Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
I
The groundwater and surface water contain VOCs and heavy metals including
chromium, cadmium, iron, and manganese. Liquids in the quarry pond and lagoon
contain VOCs and heavy metals including copper, zinc, and mercury. Sludges and
creek sediments contain heavy metals including cadmium, chromium, iron, and
manganese; VOCs; and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Soils are contaminated
with heavy metals, PCBs, phenols, phthalates, and VOCs. PCBs were found in fish
caught in Kokomo and Wildcat Creeks. People could be exposed to contaminants
by coming into direct contact with or accidentally ingesting contaminated
groundwater, soil, sludge, surface water, liquids, or sediments. In addition, eating
contaminated fish from the creeks could pose a health hazard.
                                                                         May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
          Initial Actions: In October 1989, the Indiana Department of Environmental
          Management (IDEM) began removing and disposing of pickle liquor from the
          lagoon area. From 1990 through 1993 U.S. EPA carried out several removal
actions in the quarry and main plant areas. At the Maryland Avenue Quarry, surface drums
and approximately 1100 drums that were in the pond have been removed. In the main  plant,
drums and contaminated soils have been addressed and capacitor and transformer oils  have
been removed.

          Entire Site: The State  has taken the lead in conducting a remedial investigation
          and a feasibility study for the remediation of the site using Superfund money.
          These actions are  presently on-going.

Site Facts: Continental Steel Corporation filed for bankruptcy in 1985 and ceased
operations at the site in 1986.
Environmental Progress
The removal of drums and contaminated soil has reduced the potential for exposure to
contaminated materials at the Continental Steel Corporation site while studies are taking
place and final cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository

Kokomo-Howard County Public Library, 220 West Union Street, Kokomo, IN 46901
May 1994                                               CONTINENTAL STEEL CORPORATION

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 DOUGLAS
 ROAD/UNIRO
 LANDFILL
 INDIANA
 EPA ID# IND980607881
EPA REGION 5
  St. Joseph County
    Mishawaka
Site Description
The 19-acre Douglas Road/Uniroyal, Inc. Landfill site is owned by Uniroyal, Inc. and was
operated between 1954 and 1979. From 1954 to 1971, solvents, fly ash, paper, wood stock,
rubber, and plastic wrap were disposed of at the unlined landfill. After operations ceased, the
landfill was covered with topsoil and seeded. According to the company, some 6,000 barrels of
waste were disposed of at the landfill. The South Bend Water Department operates seven
wells within 3 miles of the site that serve approximately 120,000 people. Approximately 2,100
people live within a one mile radius of the site. Juday Creek is located approximately 2,000
feet from the site.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                   Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/10/86
  Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
        The groundwater is contaminated with hydrocarbons. Potential health risks include
        touching or accidentally ingesting the contaminated groundwater. The site is
        secured, reducing the potential for direct access.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
                                                                   May 1994

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 Response Action Status
           Entire Site: Uniroyal, Inc. has initiated an investigation to determine  the type and
           extent of contamination  at the  landfill and to identify cleanup remedies. The work
           was being conducted under the monitoring of the Indiana  Department   of
 Environmental  Management  (IDEM)  until Uniroyal, Inc. filed for bankruptcy in  1992. Field
 work by the EPA began  in April, 1994 and the FS will be completed  in mid to  late 1995.

 Site Facts: In 1989, the IDEM signed a Consent  Order under which Uniroyal, Inc. initiated
 an investigation  to determine the type and extent of contamination  at the site.
 In 1992, Uniroyal Inc. filed for bankruptcy and informed the EPA and the  IDEM that they
 could no longer conduct  site  investigation  activities. The EPA is taking over these activities.
 Environmental  Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined  that no immediate actions were required  at the Douglas Road/Uniroyal, Inc.
Landfill while studies take place  and cleanup activities are planned.
Site Repository
Mishawaka-Penn  Public Library, 209 Lincoln Way East, Mishawaka, IN 46544

St. Joseph County Health  Department,  County-City Building, 9th Floor,
South Bend, IN 46601
May 1994
DOUGLAS ROAD/UNIROYAL, INC. LANDFILL

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ENVIROCHEM
CORPORATION
INDIANA
EPAID#IND08425£95t
                                  EPA REGION 5
                                      Boone County
                               10 miles northwest of Indianapolis
Site  Description
The 6 1/2-acre Envirochem Corporation site is an inactive facility that processed and
reclaimed solvents from 1977 until 1982, when the State closed the site. Wastes such as
resins, paint sludges, waste oils, and flammable solvents were received in drums and bulk
tankers and were stored on site in drums and  storage tanks. On-site accumulation and
unauthorized discharge of contaminated stormwater, poor management of drum inventory,
unapproved burning of chlorinated hydrocarbons and other solvents, and several spills
brought the State and the EPA to investigate the site. The State prohibited further shipment
of waste to the site; however, over 20,000 drums and 400,000 gallons of waste remained on
site. Additionally, contaminated underground and aboveground storage tanks and wastewater
in holding ponds were present. This material was removed in a removal action 1983-84.
Approximately 50 people live within 1 mile of the site. The City of Indianapolis uses the
Eagle Creek Reservoir as its drinking water supply.  A rainstorm caused a waste pond to
overflow into an unnamed ditch on site and then to Finley Creek. In 1985, the State noted
that runoff from the site  enters the Eagle Creek Reservoir.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
  Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
 ZE
         Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy
         metals including barium, lead, and nickel. Sediments contain lead. VOCs,
         polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phenols, and phthalates are contaminating the
         soils. Surface water contains VOCs. People could be exposed to contaminants by
         coming into direct contact with or accidentally ingesting contaminated
         groundwater, soil, surface water, or sediments.
                                                                         May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.

Response Action Status 	

           Immediate Actions: In 1983 and 1984, the EPA and a group of parties
           potentially responsible for site contamination performed immediate actions that
           included removing and treating waste from on-site storage tanks, removing and
treating 5,650 cubic yards of contaminated soils, and fencing the site. Actions also were taken
to prevent contaminated water from overflowing into surface waters off site. Bulk tanks and
treating water from cooling ponds were removed, in addition  to 3,085 drums and 167,000
gallons of liquid waste. The EPA also removed two underground storage tanks, cleaned and
disposed of bulk storage tanks and miscellaneous piping, and  placed a clay cap on the surface
of the site. The holding pond was drained and capped, and the water in the pond was sent off
site to an approved facility for treatment. Tanks on site were sampled, and the contents were
tested for compatibility. Tanks with compatible contents were combined and then dried and
cleaned. Sludge from the tanks was put into drums for off-site removal and treatment. Other
underground tanks and pipes were located and recovered. The tanks containing PCBs were
cleaned and rinsed. The transformer was drained and rinsed with fuel oil. The entire site was
then capped and seeded, and drainages were set up to control the water that runs onto the
site when it rains. In 1985, the EPA installed a sump to collect contaminated groundwater.

           Entire Site: In 1987, the EPA completed a study of options for addressing
           contamination at the site and selected the following cleanup measures: installing a
           permanent cap over the site to prevent contaminants in the soil from moving off
site, and installing a system to pump and treat contaminated groundwater. In 1991, the EPA
amended the selected  remedy to include soil vapor extraction, rather than groundwater
collection and treatment. This new remedy is expected to reduce the time required
significantly to clean up the site. The site preparation and materials phase of the final cleanup
has been designed  and constructed; construction was essentially completed November 30,
1993. The final phase of the cleanup is currently in the design stage.

Site Facts: A Consent Decree was negotiated between the EPA, the State of Indiana, and
254 potentially responsible parties, which included the establishment of a fund to finance the
removal work that the EPA began in 1983. The parties also agreed to perform final cleanup
work at the site. Based on a demonstration pilot study, the potentially responsible parties
entered into a  1991 Consent Decree to use vapor extraction  technology to clean up the site.
May 1994                                                       ENVIROCHEM CORPORATION

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Environmental  Progress
The removal of tanks, drums, liquid wastes, and contaminated soil, the securing of the site,
and the additional immediate actions described above have reduced the potential for
exposure to hazardous substances at the Envirochem Corporation site while final cleanup
activities are taking place.
Site Repository
Hussey Memorial Library, 225 West Hawthorne, Zionsville, IN 46077
ENVIROCHEM CORPORATION
May 1994

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 FISHER-CALO
 INDIANA
 EPAID# IND0743158961
                                     EPA REGION 5
                                        LaPorte County
                                      1 1/2 miles northeast
                                      of Kingsbury Heights

                                        Other Names:
                                Fisher-Calo Chemical and Solvents
Site Description
The 250-acre Fisher-Calo site consists of two separate tracts: a 10-acre portion of the site
known as the "One Line Facility" and a 240-acre portion of the site known as the "Two Line
Facility." The site is a former industrial chemical processing and distribution facility. The
facility is located in an area that previously housed the Kingsbury Ordnance Plant, a U.S.
military installation used to manufacture weapons. In the early 1960s, the ordnance plant was
closed, and the land was purchased by a private developer who subdivided the property to
form an industrial park. Sodium hypochlorite was produced and sulfur dioxide, chloride,
ammonia, and various solvents were packaged at the site. For several years, a solvent
reclamation facility that recovered paint and metal cleaning solvents for resale operated at
the site. Cyanide, acids, and metal plating wastes were also accepted from other industries,
stored in metal drums, and stockpiled on the site or  dumped on the ground. In 1978, a fire
broke out at the site's solvent reclamation facility, destroying several bulk storage tanks,
trucks, and drums of chemical wastes and solvents. Later that year, buried drums were
discovered on the property. In  1979 and 1980, drums containing chemicals and sludges were
removed from the site. Waste materials, mostly  stillbottoms,  are stored in drums, tanks, and
containers at the site. Some of the  drums are reportedly leaking. The site is fenced, but only
the main gate is guarded. Approximately 3,700 people live within 4 miles of the site. The
nearest public water supply well is 1/2 mile from the  site, and the closest residence using
groundwater as a water source is 1  1/2 miles from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
  Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
         On-site groundwater and soils are contaminated with volatile organic compounds
         (VOCs). On-site soils also contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and
         semi-volatiles. The greatest health risk to people is through drinking contaminated
         groundwater or touching contaminated soils.
                                                                            May 1994

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Cleanup Approach	

This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions  and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire  site.
 Response Action Status
            Initial Actions: In  1989, the parties  potentially responsible for site
            contamination,  under EPA  monitoring, fenced the  site and staged  and removed
            empty drums. The potentially responsible parties are sampling and  disposing of
the drums, tanks, and containers of hazardous  waste and the visibly contaminated  soil. These
activities are nearly completed.

            Entire Site: The EPA  conducted an investigation  into the nature  and extent of
            contamination  at the site. The remedy selected  in 1990 includes several
            components.  Soil contaminated  with PCBs and  semi-volatiles  will be  treated  by
excavation and thermal treatment;  soil flushing or soil vapor extraction will treat any
VOC-contaminated  soils remaining after  excavation.  Groundwater  extraction  wells will be
installed from which the  groundwater will be pumped and treated with air stripping; treated
groundwater will be reinjected  into the aquifer. Asbestos will be assessed and limited asbestos
removal or repair  of existing structures  is planned. A new water supply will be  installed. Soil
gas testing,  and  installation  and upgrading of security fences around the site are  also planned.
The design of the  selected technologies  is underway.

Site Facts: Fisher-Calo entered into a Consent  Agreement with the  EPA in  1982, agreeing
to conduct quarterly groundwater monitoring at the  site to  determine  whether  contaminants
had dissipated to acceptable  levels. In 1988, the EPA issued a  Unilateral  Order to the
potentially  responsible parties requiring them to conduct  initial  cleanup activities at the  site.
Environmental Progress
Fencing the site, removing empty drums, and disposing of hazardous  waste and contaminated
soils have reduced the potential for exposure to contaminants at the  Fisher-Calo  site while
cleanup technologies  are being designed and cleanup activities are being planned. About 3400
buried drums have been excavated  and overpacked for off-site disposal.
Site Repository
La Porte County Public Library, 904 Indiana Avenue, La Porte,  IN 46350
May 1994                                     -                                  FISHER-CALO

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FORT  WAYNE
REDUCTION  DU
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND9806795
                                    EPA REGION 5
                                        Allen County
                                         Fort Wayne
Site Description
The 35-acre Fort Wayne Reduction  Dump site is a former municipal landfill and waste
disposal facility. Before 1967, the site was uncultivated farmland often used for dumping
unknown  waste. Between  1967 and  1976, the facility accepted wastes including residential
garbage, sewage,  industrial liquid waste, paper, and wood. Wastes were incinerated, and the
residual ash was disposed  of on the  site.  Volatile  liquids were dumped from drums into a pit
adjacent to the Maumee River. The site  consists of two areas: the 15-acre eastern portion
used as the general  refuse  landfill, and a 5-acre western section  used for the disposal of
industrial  wastes,  building debris, barrels  of unidentified  wastes,  and residual ash from the
incinerator. In  1970, Fort  Wayne Reduction  changed  its name to National  Recycling
Corporation (NRC)  and built a recycling plant for processing solid waste. The recycling
stopped in 1975, and the building was torn down in 1985. NRC  was acquired by Service
Corporation of America (SCA) in 1973. SCA was denied a municipal refuse permit, and
operations  ceased in 1976. Waste Management acquired SCA in 1984. Two residential
communities are located approximately 1/2 mile from the dump. The Maumee River borders
the  property, and the site  is in the 100-year flood plain. Approximately  1,100 people use
private wells as a source of drinking water. Two areas on the site are designated as wetlands.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date:  10/15/84
  Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
         Groundwater  is contaminated  with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)  and heavy
         metals. Heavy metals, polychlorinated  biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic
         hydrocarbons  (PAHs), phenols, and VOCs are present  in the soil. People  who
         come into direct contact with or accidentally  ingest contaminated groundwater or
         soil may be at risk. Contaminants  have migrated into the  Maumee River through
         groundwater discharge.
                                                                           May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the  entire
site.
Response Action Status
           Entire Site: In 1988, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site by: closing
           the eastern  portion of the site to prevent  erosion and eliminating potential direct
           contact threats;  monitoring the groundwater as it flows from the site to the
Maumee River;  installing a system to collect groundwater  between the  site and the  Maumee
River and treating the  groundwater,  if necessary; excavating drums (estimated  at 4,600) and
incinerating their contents as needed; backfilling the  excavated areas; closing the western
portion  of  the site to prevent erosion and eliminate potential  direct contact threats;
constructing a fence around the  site; imposing deed restrictions on the  use of the land; and
installing erosion mats  and planting vegetation to reduce  erosion during Maumee  River
floods. Waste  Management,  under EPA monitoring,  designed the technical specifications for
the cleanup. Construction  of the remedy for the eastern portion  was completed in the
summer of 1991.

The design of the  cleanup measures  for the  portion is complete.  The drum removal activity
began in February 1993 and was completed  in May 1994. Over 27,000 drums were removed.
The construction  of the western portion cap will begin  in June 1994. The ground water
treatment  facility will be brought on-line in June  1994. All construction  is scheduled for
completion in the  fall of 1994.
Environmental  Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed  preliminary investigations and
determined  that no immediate actions were required at the Fort Wayne Reduction  Dump
site.  Cleanup actions  in the eastern  portion of the  site  currently are underway, while the
design of the cleanup approach for  the western site area is complete.
Site Repository
Allen County Public Library, 900 Webster Street, Forte Wayne, IN 46801
May 1994
FOFIT WAYNE REDUCTION DUMP

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GALEN  MYERS
DUMP/DRUM
SALVAGE
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980999635
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
  St. Joseph County
      Osceola
From 1960 to 1982, drums from local industries were stored and recycled at the 5-acre Galen
Myers Dump/Drum Salvage site. The tops were removed, the contents were dumped into a
pit and driveway, and the drums were sold as trash containers. In 1984, the EPA found many
leaking and deteriorating drums on the site and removed them in 1985. In 1986, the Indiana
Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) found soil and private wells to be
contaminated. Approximately 17,000 people obtain drinking water from wells located within 3
miles of the site. The St. Joseph River is located 1 mile from the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                   Federal and State actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 06/24/88
  Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
         Groundwater and soil are contaminated with various volatile organic compounds
         (VOCs). The soil also contains phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and
         pesticides. Most area residents use private wells for drinking water. The municipal
         water supply is drawn from the same aquifer as the private wells. People who drink
         contaminated water or come into direct contact with the water or soils may be at
         risk.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
                                                                    May 1994

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Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: In 1985, the EPA removed 274 drums of waste and
           contaminated  soils and transported them to a Federally  approved storage facility.
           In 1987, the EPA provided filtered water systems to  10 residences. This involved
installing a combination air stripping and carbon filtration system at two residences,
whole-house  clean carbon filters at  three residences, and point of use filters on taps at eight
residences. In 1992 and 1993, IDEM provided filtered water systems to 15 additional
residences.

          Entire Site: In 1991, the State began  a study to determine the extent of the
          groundwater and soil contamination at the  site. Once  the  study is completed, final
          site cleanup measures will be recommended. In January  1994, an  action memo was
signed to provide a municipal water supply for the residences  affected by the  Galen Myers
Site.
Environmental  Progress
The removal of contaminated  materials  and the provision of an alternate  source of drinking
water to affected  residences have eliminated the potential of exposure to contaminated
drinking water  and will continue  to protect  residents  near the Galen  Myers Dump/Drum
Salvage site while studies leading to the  selection  of the final cleanup methods are being
planned.
Site Repository
Not established.
May 1994
GALEN MYERS DUMP/DRUM SALVAGE

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HIMCO DUMP
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980500292
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
    Elkhart County
       Elkhart
The 50-acre Himco Dump site, located in the Town of Elkhart, operated as a dump from
1960 until 1976. During its operation, general refuse and medical, pharmaceutical, and
industrial wastes were disposed of on the site. As waste was brought into the dump, marshy
land was filled in and then covered with sand. The elevation at the center of the site is built
up approximately 15 feet. Along the perimeter of the site, the elevation  is 5 feet higher than
the original levels. The disposal practices make it difficult to determine exact locations where
the waste was buried; however, the present topography of the site suggests that waste may
have been deposited over the entire 50 acres. Vegetation on the site appears to have been
affected by the contamination. During a site inspection in 1984, the EPA observed several
leachate streams at various locations, as well as strong sulfate and methane odors. The EPA
also detected several contaminants in monitoring wells downgradient of the site. In 1974, the
State Health Commissioner advised the site operator to drill deep wells to  replace six
contaminated shallow residential wells located adjacent to and just south of the site. A 1988
inspection of the site by the Indiana State Board of Health (ISBH) and  the Department of
Environmental Management identified disposal areas that were uncovered  and exposed to the
environment. Wells within 3 miles of the site serve at least 20,000 people. The closest
residences to the site are located on the southern perimeter. A 200-home mobile home park
is located downgradient of the site, to the south of the  landfill. Several small industries, a
residential area, and land used for agricultural purposes are located in the  vicinity of the site.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                     Federal and State actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 06/24/88
   Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
          Groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals including selenium and beryllium
          and the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) trichloroethylene (TCE) and toluene.
          The dump is located over a continuous portion of shallow groundwater that is the
          sole source of drinking water for the town of Elkhart. There is a significant
          potential for contamination of the aquifer because there is not an adequate
          barrier, natural or man-made, to impede leachate flow into the aquifer. The
          contamination on the site also could adversely affect future residents and the
          nearby wetlands.
                                                                             May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: In response to complaints of well contamination, the site
           operator installed deep wells to replace nearby contaminated residential drinking
           water wells. In 1992, an immediate action was undertaken to remove drums and
waste material from a hot spot in the landfill.
          Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA began a study to assess the nature and extent of
          site contamination and to identify cleanup options. The EPA finished this study in
          1993  and selected the remedy for the site in late 1993. The remedy includes
capping the landfill, collection of landfill gas, groundwater monitoring and institutional
controls.

Site Facts: In 1975, the owner of the site signed a Consent Agreement with the Stream
Pollution Control Board of Indiana that resulted in the closure of the site in 1976. Possible
contamination of six residential  shallow wells, ranging from 22 to 62 feet deep, was reported
to the Elkhart County Health Department, the ISBH, and the EPA in 1974. In response to
these complaints, the site operator drilled new water wells for these six individuals, and when
these wells were sampled in 1984, they were not found to be contaminated.
Environmental Progress
New wells installed by the site operator for the six residences with contaminated wells has
reduced the potential for exposure to the contaminated groundwater. After listing the Himco
Dump site on the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary evaluations and determined that the
site does not pose an immediate threat to the surrounding community or the environment
while the implementation of the final cleanup remedy for the site is taking place.
Site Repository

Elkhart Public Library, Pierre Moran Branch Library, 2400 Benham Avenue, Elkhart,
IN 46517
May 1994                                                                  HIMCO DUMP

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INTERNATIONAL
MINERALS &
CHEMICAL CO
(TERRE HAUTE
EAST PLANT)
INDIANA
EPA ID#INT190010876
  EPA REGION 5
      Vigo County
      Terre Haute

     Other Names:
IMC (Terre Haute East Plant)
Site Description
The International Minerals & Chemical Corp. (Terre Haute East Plant) site consists of 6
acres of a 37-acre lot and is located in southeastern Terre Haute, about 2 miles east of the
Wabash River. It is bordered on the east and west by various railroad facilities. From 1946
until 1954, the Commercial Solvents Corporation (CSC) manufactured and stored benzene
hexachloride (BHC), a raw material used in the production of pesticides, at the facility.
Wastes generated from the production of BHC were collected on the site property in a sump
and eventually were disposed of at the Canal Road Dump, located a few miles south of the
property. In 1975, International Minerals and Chemical Corporation (IMC) purchased the
site. Beginning in 1979, IMC collected samples of soils from the East Plant facility and the
Canal Road Dump and analyzed them for the presence of site-related contaminants. IMC
also installed monitoring wells on and around the East Plant property to determine if
contaminants were migrating from the site into the groundwater. The results of these studies
confirmed the presence of BHC in soil samples and in samples collected from two of the
groundwater monitoring wells. The EPA became involved in activities at the site in 1984,
when contamination was detected in some of the monitoring wells. While residential wells
were found to contain varying amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), none of the
samples taken contained BHC. The population of the City of Terre Haute is approximately
61,000. The majority of the residences within the vicinity of the site are connected to the
municipal water supply system; the others depend on private wells for their drinking water
supply. There are approximately 30 nearby residential wells located downgradient of the site.
Site Responsibility:  This site was addressed through
                   Federal, State, and potentially
                   responsible parties' actions.
   NPL LISTING HISTORY
   Proposed Date: 10/15/84
    Final Date: 06/10/86
   Deleted Date: 02/11/91
                                                                    May 1994

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Threats and  Contaminants
          Groundwater and soils were contaminated with VOCs including low levels of BHC.
          Due to the nature of this chemical, it is unlikely that it migrated into the local
          water supply system. During sampling, three residential wells were found to contain
          chloroform and associated derivatives at or above the maximum contaminant level
          for safe drinking water. The removal of the source of contamination resulted in
          the reduction of contaminants to within safety levels. Potential health  threats
          included direct contact with or inhalation of contaminated soils and accidental
          ingestion of contaminated groundwater prior to the completion of cleanup
          activities.
Cleanup Approach	

The site was addressed through immediate actions; further investigations showed that no
other cleanup actions were necessary except for maintenance of existing remedies.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: IMC excavated approximately 18,500 cubic yards of
           contaminated soil, rubble, piping, and other debris. The debris was stockpiled in
           an on-site mound on the East Plant property. After the completion of this mound,
concentrations of BHC in groundwater declined relatively quickly to within safety levels. The
stockpile was covered with clay, common fill, and loam, then seeded in 1980 to prevent
erosion that could have resulted in exposure to contaminants. This cover included a surface
drainage collection system and venting mechanisms that allow gas to escape from the soil. In
1981, IMC, under State and EPA supervision, installed additional groundwater monitoring
wells uphill and downhill of the stockpile mound. From 1981 to the present, these wells have
been sampled quarterly for the presence of BHC and other contaminants.

          Entire Site: Because of the  immediate actions conducted by IMC in  1980, a
          decision was reached in 1988 by the EPA that no further cleanup action was
          necessary at the site. However, the following maintenance activities are being
conducted over a 30-year period: inspecting the existing cover on a quarterly basis;
maintaining the vegetation cover; monitoring BHC in the groundwater semi-annually for 5
years and annually for the next 25 years; annually reporting of monitoring results to the
State; restricting access to the site; and  establishing a contingency plan that provides
appropriate cleanup measures to be taken if there is a chance that BHC may be released into
the environment from the site. The parties potentially responsible for site contamination are
conducting the maintenance activities as specified, under EPA monitoring. Both  the EPA and
the State of Indiana have determined that all appropriate responses at the site have been
completed and that no further cleanup actions are necessary. The site was deleted from the
NPL in 1991.
May 1994                                               INTERNATIONAL MINERALS & CHEMICAL
                                                         CORP. (TERRE HAUTE EAST PLANT)

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Environmental Progress
The party potentially responsible for the site contamination took immediate action to remove
contaminated materials from the site, which eliminated the potential for exposure to
hazardous substances and effectively controlled the movement of contaminants into the
groundwater. The EPA has determined that the site no longer poses a threat to public health
or the environment and has deleted the International Minerals & Chemical Corp. (Terre
Haute East Plant) site from the NPL.
Site Repository
Not established.
INTERNATIONAL MINERALS & CHEMICAL
CORP. CTERRE HAUTE EAST PLANT)
May 1994

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 LAKELAND  DISPO
 SERVICE,  INC.
 INDIANA
 EPA ID# IND064703200
                                              EPA REGION 5
                                                 Kosciusko County
                                                    Claypool
Site Description
Lakeland Disposal Service, Inc. operated a 39-acre sanitary landfill 3 1/2 miles northwest of
Claypool. The landfill was licensed by the Indiana State Board of Health (ISBH) to accept
municipal and certain industrial wastes from specific facilities. Beginning in 1974, general
refuse and hazardous wastes including cyanide and sludges containing paint, hydroxides of
aluminum, and heavy metals were disposed of at the site. In 1978, the Kosciusko County
Circuit Court ordered the landfill closed as a result of improper operations. The same year, a
new owner began subdividing and selling portions of the landfill to mobile home owners. In
1982, the State conducted a methane gas survey at the closed landfill and detected high
concentrations of the gas beside one of the mobile homes. The State filed an injunction
requesting that the residents move from the landfill property. In 1983, the Kosciusko County
Board of Zoning Appeals ordered the residents to move off the landfill site. Currently, no
one resides at the site. Sloan Ditch runs adjacent to the site and flows into Palestine Lake 2
miles away, which is used for recreational activities. There are approximately 1,100 residents
within 2 miles of the site who rely on private wells for their water supply. Claypool's two
municipal wells are within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                    Federal, State, and potentially
                    responsible parties' actions.
                                               NPL LISTING HISTORY
                                               Proposed Date: 06/24/88
                                                 Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
m
The groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic, barium, and
cadmium and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including trichloroethene and
vinyl chloride. On-site soils are contaminated with heavy metals. Accidental
ingestion of contaminated water from wells, direct contact with contaminated soil,
and the risk of fire and explosion may pose health threats. The area has several
wetlands, which could be affected by contaminated runoff from the site.
                                                                         May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
          Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination have
          begun an investigation to determine the nature and extent of contamination and
          to identify alternatives for long-term cleanup of the site. The first phase of the
investigation was completed in early 1991. The second phase, which included installation of
more monitoring wells, wetland delineation, and residential well sampling, was completed in
1992. The cleanup remedy selected  in 1993 includes fencing and security to prevent
unauthorized access; deed restrictions; removal and proper disposal of buried waste in a "hot
spot" area and encountered during other excavation work; construction and  maintenance of a
landfill cap and gas collection system, subsurface slurry wall to prevent groundwater migration
from the site, extraction and treatment of the groundwater within the slurry wall; a
monitoring program to ensure that the constructed system is operating effectively, and
correction of any deficiencies; and a wetlands assessment with restoration and/or replacement
of wetlands, as necessary.
Site Facts: In 1989, Dana Corporation, General Motors Corporation, United Technologies
Automotive, Inc., and Warsaw Black Oxide, Inc. signed a Consent Order with the EPA, and
conducted the investigation of site contamination.
Environmental  Progress
After adding the Lakeland Disposal Service, Inc. site to the NPL, the EPA determined that
the site does not pose an imminent threat to the surrounding community and the
environment while the investigations leading to the selection of final cleanup remedies for the
site are taking place.
Site Repository
Koscuisko County Health Department, 100 West Center Street, 3rd Floor, Room 2,
Warsaw, IN 46580
May 1994                                   •              LAKELAND DISPOSAL SERVICE, INC.

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LAKE SANDY JO
(M  &  M  LANDFILL
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980500524
EPA REGION  5
     Lake County
       Gary
Site Description
The Lake Sandy Jo (M & M Landfill) site covers 40 acres in Gary. The site was a former
water-filled borrow pit that was used as a landfill between 1971 and 1980. Various wastes,
including construction and demolition debris, garage and industrial wastes, and drums are
believed to be buried on the site. The borrow pit originally was dug to support construction of
1-90/84, which is adjacent to the site. In 1971, groundwater filled the pit, and it was used for a
short time as a recreational lake. From  1971 until 1975, the pit was filled with various debris.
Local residents became concerned over odors from the site and, in 1976, the owners were
ordered to drain the lake and to restrict fill to demolition debris only. Later in 1976, the site
was sold to Glen and Gordon Martin, who continued filling operations without a license until
the site was closed in 1980. Approximately 5,300 people live within 3 miles of the site and
draw water from more than 1,400 wells.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                    Federal actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 12/30/82
  Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
         Groundwater, sediments, surface water, and soils contain heavy metals such as
         arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, and silver; volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
         including methylene chloride and chloroform; polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs);
         and the pesticide DDT. The soils also are contaminated with polycyclic aromatic
         hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalates, and heavy metals. People who come in direct
         contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated groundwater, soil, surface water,
         or sediments may be at risk.
                                                                        May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term remedial
phases focusing on cleanup of the soil and sediments and extension of the water line.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: In 1986, the EPA installed a 6-foot chain-link fence to
           restrict access to the site. An existing 4-foot fence on the swampy southern side
           of the site was deemed a sufficient barrier to complete the enclosure. Several
days after the installation, vandals stole 100 feet of the fence. To discourage future
vandalism, the fence was painted with fluorescent paint, reducing its resale value.

          Soil and Sediments: Following the selection of cleanup activities in 1986, the
          EPA has: consolidated all contaminated soil and sediments; installed additional
          monitoring wells; and covered the site with clean soil and reseeded. These actions
were completed in 1990. A groundwater and surface water monitoring program, deed
restrictions on the use of the land, and institutional controls on the use of the aquifer are
expected to be in effect in 1992.

          Water Line: Based on the 1986 decision on site cleanup, the EPA is extending a
          water line  to residences affected by the site. The main water line is constructed,
          however the 40 to 45 residences have not been connected to the water system nor
has the system been transferred  to the local utility. These activities were completed in 1993.
Environmental  Progress
The installation of a security fence around the site and a cover over the site has reduced
threats posed by the Lake Sandy Jo (M & M Landfill) site to the surrounding community and
the environment while final  cleanup activities are being completed.
Site Repository
Gary Public Library, 220 West 5th Avenue, Gary, IN 46402
May 1994                                                                 LAKE SANDY JO
                                                                       (M & M LANDFILL)

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LEMON  LANE
LANDFILL
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980794341
                                   EPA REGION 5
                                       Monroe County
                                        Bloomington
Site Description
The Lemon Lane Landfill site is located on the western edge of the City of Bloomington.
The site encompasses 10 acres, 3 of which are owned by a private citizen. From 1950 to 1964,
the landfill, which had no liner or runoff controls, accepted both municipal and industrial
wastes. Allegedly, wastes were burned on site. No records were kept of the types or quantities
of wastes received. Of primary concern were large quantities of exposed and leaking
capacitors containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Since 1980, the State of Indiana and
the EPA sampled the area several times. No PCBs were detected in nearby residential wells
at the time, nor were any surface discharges observed. However, the geology of the area
suggests that groundwater contamination is possible. Westinghouse Electric Corporation, the
party potentially responsible for contamination at the site, is obligated to perform the cleanup
of Lemon Lane Landfill, as well as other NPL sites, including one authorized landfill, and an
inactive, City-owned wastewater treatment plant in the Bloomington area (Neal's Landfill,
Neal's Dump, Bennett Stone Quarry, the Anderson Road Landfill, and the Winston-Thomas
Treatment Plant). Under the terms of a 1985 Consent Decree, Westinghouse is required to
construct and operate an incinerator to treat the landfill contents. Currently the  parties to
the Consent Decree are exploring alternative remedies to the incinerator.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL USTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
  Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
         The principal threats from the site is contamination of groundwater which some
         residents use as a drinking water supply. In addition, several local springs have
         been contaminated with low levels of PCBs as a result of contaminant migration
         from the site. Capping the landfill has reduced the possibility for contaminants to
         reach the groundwater.
                                                                          May 1994

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 Cleanup Approach
 The site is being addressed  in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
 directed at cleanup of the entire  site.
 Response Action Status
            Immediate Actions: In 1983, the  EPA constructed a fence around the site to
            prevent access to the area. The  EPA also removed exposed PCB capacitors,
            graded  and covered  the  southern slopes of the  site, regraded and contoured the
land to prevent  ponding or erosion,  and capped the site. In 1988 and 1989, trace  studies of
the groundwater  system around  the  landfill  were conducted to determine  the hydrologic
connection  of springs to the site and to better define  the groundwater  system. On the  basis of
this study, the EPA concluded that effects on the local  groundwater  wells are minimal.

          Entire Site: An alternate  water  supply  was provided to a resident whose wells
          showed signs of contamination.  One nearby residence was connected  to  the city
          water supply in 1988, after the  dye trace study determined that  its well water
supply was contaminated.  A synthetic cap  was placed  on the landfill  in 1988.  In 1990,
Westinghouse concluded high-flow dye trace studies of the  flow and  presence of
contaminated  groundwater.  Under the provisions of a 1985 Consent  Decree,  Westinghouse  is
obligated  to perform the following activities: excavation  of  approximately  176,000 cubic yards
of soil and material from  the landfill to a pre-Westinghouse depth  plus 3 feet of buffer zone;
incineration  of excavated  materials in an approved  facility;  and periodic groundwater
monitoring.  Currently,  the Consent Decree  parties  are exploring alternative  remedies to
incineration.
Environmental  Progress
By constructing a fence to restrict site access, removing the  PCB capacitors, and grading and
installing a synthetic liner cap over the site to limit movement  of contaminants  from the
property, the potential  for exposure to hazardous materials at  the Lemon Lane Landfill site
has been reduced pending  final cleanup activities.
Site Repository
Monroe County Public Library, 303 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47491
May 1994                                                               LEMON LANE LANDFILL

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MAIN  STREET  WE
FIELD
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980794358
Site Description
 EPA REGION 5
     Elkhart County
        Elkhart

     Other Names:
•Ikhart Main Street Wellfield
The Main Street Well Field site consists of 15 wells on 10 acres of land in Elkhart. This well
field is the largest of three municipal well fields and supplies about 70 percent of the drinking
water for 40,000 residents of Elkhart. In 1981, during an EPA National Groundwater Supply
Survey, the well field was found to be contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
The EPA resampled water from the well field a month later and discovered elevated
concentrations of VOCs in the water used for consumption and in three production wells.
Monitoring wells were installed by the City, and sampling indicated that two industries on the
eastern boundary of the well field were potential sources  of groundwater contamination. In
1982, the City installed two interceptor  wells to help prevent further migration of the
contaminant plume. At first the contaminant levels decreased, but between 1983 and 1985,
they gradually increased.
Site Responsibility: The site is being addressed through
                    Federal and State actions.
  NPL LISTING HISTORY
  Proposed Date: 12/30/82
    Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
         Groundwater and soils contain VOCs including trichloroethylene (TCE).
         Individuals who come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated
         groundwater or soil may be at risk.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in four stages: immediate actions and three long-term remedial
phases focusing on cleanup of the groundwater, the aquifer, and the soil.
                                                                         May 1994

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Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: In 1987, the EPA provided drinking water to approximately
           300 residents and extended the water main to six businesses, a church, and 293
           homes. Carbon filters were installed in 11  homes.

          Groundwater: In 1985, the EPA selected a remedy to provide a potable water
          supply by constructing air stripping facilities to remove the contaminated flow from
          the Main Street Well Field. Contaminated  water is pumped from the aquifer,
treated, and discharged to the existing water treatment plant and distribution system. The
EPA completed all actions involving the installation of the air stripper in 1987.

           Aquifer: Based on the results of an investigation of the contaminated aquifer,
           the EPA has selected the following remedies: vacuum extraction of VOCs in the
           contaminated soil; removal and disposal of contaminants; installation of new well
interceptors to prevent continued plume migration; continued use of the air stripper and
groundwater monitoring, as well as imposing deed restrictions to limit future uses of the site.
Technical designs were approved September 1993.

          Soil: The EPA will conduct an investigation into the type and extent of remaining
          soil contamination from the multiple sources contributing to the well field
          contamination. Once  the investigation is completed, the  most appropriate methods
for soil cleanup, if needed, will be recommended.
Environmental  Progress
A potable water supply has been provided to the communities served by the Main Street Well
Field, thereby reducing the potential for exposure to contaminated groundwater. Further
investigations will be conducted to determine the sources of soil contamination while the
selected remedies are being designed to address contamination of the underlying aquifer.
Site Repository
Elkhart Public Library, 300 South 2nd Street, Elkhart, IN 46516
May 1994                                                         MAIN STREET WELL FIELD

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MARION  (BRAGG)
DUMP
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980794366
                                   EPA REGION  5
                                       Grant County
                                         Marion
Site  Description
The Marion (Bragg) Dump site covers 72 acres and is located on Central Avenue, just
outside Marion. The area is relatively flat, with the Mississinewa River bordering the site on
the east and the north. The landfill was formerly a gravel pit. The land was leased for the
disposal of various wastes by the Radio Corporation of America and the Bragg Construction
Company, which was closed in 1975. That year a transfer station was opened at the site by
Waste Reduction Systems, which closed in 1977.  The dump contains approximately 1,100,000
cubic yards of wastes, some of which are hazardous, including solvents, plasticizers, lead, and
cadmium. Residents in the area depend on groundwater from private and municipal wells for
their water supply. A 15-acre pond in the middle of the landfill is connected to the upper
aquifer. Some of the northern portion of the site is within the 100-year flood plain of the
Mississinewa River.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
  Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
         The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
         including benzene and trichloroethene. The soil is contaminated with polycyclic
         aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and arsenic. Those who come in direct contact with
         or accidentally ingest contaminated groundwater or soil may be at risk, although
         the wells in the immediate area, which draw on the aquifer, have not been found
         to contain contaminants.
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of the entire
site.

Response Action Status 	
          Entire Site: In 1987, the EPA selected the following remedies for the site:
          regrading and capping the site to promote runoff, reduce infiltration, eliminate
          leachate seepage, and prevent direct contact with surface soils and exposed waste;
providing and maintaining flood  control measures to protect the portions of the site in the
flood plain; constructing and maintaining a fence around the site; replacing private drinking
water wells in the deep aquifer for users within a specified boundary; sealing shallow wells;
conducting supplemental studies  to complete investigations of the groundwater and pond; and
operating and maintaining the remedies at the site. Some of the potentially responsible
parties installed a fence around the site, drilled new monitoring wells, and completed capping
the site. The supplemental studies of the groundwater and the adjacent surface waters are
on-going. Within about a year it  is expected that a decision will be made concerning any need
to address the groundwater at the site.
Environmental  Progress
By constructing a fence around the site and a cap over the site, the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials from the Marion (Bragg) Dump site has been reduced. Studies of the
groundwater and the surface water are on-going.
Site Repository

Marion Public Library, 600 South Washington Street, Marion, IN 46953.
May 1994                                                          MARION (BRAGG) DUMP

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MIDCO  I
INDIANA
EPA ID#IND980615421
  EPA REGION 5
      Lake County
         Gary

      Other Names:
Midwest Solvents Recovery
Site Description
The Midwest Solvent Recovery Company (MIDCO) I site is a 4-acre, abandoned industrial
waste recycling, storage, and disposal facility in Gary. Recycling, storing, and disposing of
industrial wastes began at the site some time before 1973. In 1973, approximately 6,000 to
7,000 drums were observed on the site. Later, four bulk tanks, each with a capacity of 4,000
to 10,000 gallons, were found on the site. In 1976, a fire burned approximately 14,000 drums
of chemical waste. Operations resumed in 1977 under new management, but by 1979, the
facility was abandoned, leaving an estimated 14,000 drums stockpiled on site. In 1981, severe
flooding caused water in the area to drain into a neighboring city to the west; contact with
the flood water reportedly resulted in skin burns. Following a fire in 1976, MIDCO I moved
to a new location, known as MIDCO II, which also is on the NPL. Residential neighborhoods
are near the site, with one resident living as close as 900 feet from the site. Twelve drinking
water wells have been identified in the Calumet Aquifer, within approximately a mile from
the site, in the downgradient groundwater flow direction. The Calumet Aquifer is highly
susceptible to contamination from surface sources.  The area surrounding the site  is mixed
light industrial, commercial, and residential, and contains wetlands.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                     Federal and potentially responsible
                     parties' actions.
   NPL LISTING HISTORY
   Proposed Date: 12/30/82
    Final Date: 09/08/83
                                                                             May 1994

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Threats and Contaminants
ZIAJ
Groundwater contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
trichloroethylene (TCE), vinyl chloride, benzene, methylene chloride; semi-volatile
compounds; metals; and cyanide. Sediments and soils are contaminated with
VOCs, semi-volatiles, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), metals, cyanide, and
chlordane, a pesticide. VOCs, chromium, lead, cadmium, and cyanide were
detected in surface waters northeast of the site. Contaminants in the soil are
leaching into the groundwater. The contaminated groundwater in turn is migrating
off site and eventually may affect downgradient drinking water wells.  People who
come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated groundwater,
surface water, sediments, or soil may be at risk. The contamination may also be
adversely affecting wildlife and plants in or around the wetlands. High sodium
chloride in the ground water make it unacceptable for a surface water discharge
even if treated to remove the hazardous substances.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: A security fence was installed around the site in 1981. In
           1982, to address the immediate threats to the public, the EPA removed extensive
           surface wastes, an underground tank, drums, and the top 1 foot of contaminated
soil. Much of the site was then covered with  a temporary clay cover.
           Entire Site: To address the contaminated subsurface soil, sediment, and
           groundwater, the EPA selected the following cleanup actions in 1989: treatment
           of approximately 12,400 cubic yards of contaminated soil and subsurface materials
using a combination of soil vapor extraction and solidification/stabilization, followed by on-site
disposal; excavation  and on-site solidification/stabilization of approximately 1,200 cubic yards
of contaminated sediment from surrounding wetlands; installation of a final site cover;
installation and operation of a treatment system to remove hazardous substances from the
contaminated groundwater,  followed by deep well injection of the salt-contaminated water, or
installation and operation of a treatment system, followed by reinjection of the
salt-contaminated groundwater into the Calumet Aquifer in a manner that will prevent
spreading of the salt plume; groundwater monitoring; and implementation of deed and access
restrictions. In 1992, the EPA approved an amendment  to the selected remedies. The
amendment proposed a change in the method for determining how much soil will be treated.
As a result of the amendment, it  is estimated that 7,800 cubic yards of soil will be treated.
The amendment also further defined the criteria for treatment prior to deep well injection,
the performance criteria for soil treatment, and other requirements. A group of PRPs have
agreed to implement the final remedy. The design of the ground water extraction, treatment
and deep well injection system is nearing completion, with construction expected to be
May 1994                                                                        MIDCO I

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initiated during the summer of 1994. Sediment excavation and installation of the deep  well
was conducted during the  summer and fall of 1993.

Site Facts: In June 1985, a group of potentially responsible parties  agreed  to reimburse the
EPA for past cleanup action costs and to perform the site investigation. This Consent  Decree
became effective  in August 1985. The EPA issued an Administrative Order  in 1989,
instructing  the potentially  responsible  parties to conduct  the remaining site cleanup, when the
PRPs did not agree to implement the  final remedy without conditions that were unacceptable
to EPA. Subsequently, EPA reached  a global settlement  with PRPs for the  PRPs to
implement  the final remedy and  for cost recovery. The Consent  Decree for  this settlement
was entered in court on June 23, 1992.
Environmental Progress
The removal  of the contaminated  materials and soils from the site and the installation  of a
fence  and a temporary cover have reduced the threat of exposure to hazardous materials
while  cleanup actions  for the MIDCO I site are being designed.
Site Repository
Gary Public Library, 220 West 5th Avenue, Gary, IN 46402
MIDCO I
May 1994

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MIDCO  II
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980679559
     EPA REGION 5
         Lake County
            Gary

        Other Names:
Midwest Industrial Waste Disposal
          Company
Site Description
The Midwest Industrial Waste Disposal Company (MIDCO) II site is an abandoned,
industrial waste recycling/disposal facility covering 7 acres in Gary. The operators of the
MIDCO I facility, another NPL site, relocated to the MIDCO II location after a fire in 1976.
Operations at MIDCO II began in 1976 and included temporary bulk liquid and drum storage
of waste and recyclable materials, neutralization of acids and caustics, and on-site dumping of
waste into pits, which allowed wastes to percolate into the groundwater. One of these pits
had an overflow pipe leading into a ditch that drains into the Grand Calumet River. In 1977,
a fire at MIDCO n destroyed equipment, buildings, and an estimated 50,000 to 60,000 drums.
The site was abandoned after the fire. Burned-out drums, drums containing chemical wastes,
12 aboveground tanks with 10,000-gallon capacity, and one underground tank were
abandoned on the site. Approximately 479,000 people live within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                     Federal and potentially responsible
                     parties' actions.
     NPL LISTING HISTORY
     Proposed Date: 10/15/84
       Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
         Contaminants affecting the groundwater include volatile organic compounds
         (VOCs) such as methylene chloride, benzene, toluene, and trichloroethylene
         (TCE); other organics including isoporone; cyanide; and arsenic, lead, and other
         heavy metals. The groundwater also is so highly contaminated with sodium and
         potassium chloride that it is unacceptable for a surface water discharge even if
         treated to remove hazardous substances. Sediments and soils are contaminated
         with similar substances and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Potential health risks
         exist for individuals include accidentally ingesting or coming into direct contact with
         the contaminated soil, sediment, or groundwater. Migration of contaminants
         through the groundwater may threaten the off-site aquifer and  downstream wetlands.
                                                                            May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: From 1984 to 1989, the EPA repaired and extended the
           site fence; sampled and removed all the remaining drums, tanks, and debris from
           the site's surface; and excavated the sludge pits and filter pit contents. The
resulting PCB-contaminated pile was removed and disposed of in an off-site hazardous waste
landfill in early 1986. Most of the cyanide-contaminated pile also was removed.

           Entire Site: The major components of the remedies selected by the EPA in 1989
           are: on-site treatment of an estimated 35,000 cubic yards of contaminated soil and
           waste material by solidification/stabilization, with the solidified material
remaining on site; excavation and on-site solidification/stabilization of approximately 500 cubic
yards of contaminated sediments in the ditch adjacent to the northeastern boundary of the
site; installation and operation of a groundwater pump and treat system to intercept and treat
contaminated groundwater; installation and operation of injection wells for disposal of the
treated water; installation of a conduit in the ditch along the site and a final site cover;
restriction of site access and imposition of  deed restrictions as appropriate; and related testing
and long-term monitoring. In 1992, the EPA approved an amendment to the selected
remedies. The amendment proposed a change in the method for determining how much soil
will be treated. As a result of the amendment, it is estimated that 18,300 cubic yards of
contaminated sediment will be treated. The amendment also further defined the criteria for
treatment prior to deep well injection, the  performance criteria for soil treatment, and other
requirements. A group of PRPs have agreed to implement the final  remedy. The design of
the ground water extraction, treatment and deep well injection system is nearing completion,
with construction expected to be initiated during the summer of 1994. Some sediment
excavation and installation of the deep well was conducted during the summer and fall of
1993.

Site Facts: In June  1985,  a group of potentially responsible parties agreed to reimburse the
EPA for past cleanup action costs and to perform the site investigation. This Consent Decree
became effective in August 1985. In December 1989, the EPA issued an Administrative
Order to the parties to perform the cleanup actions at the MIDCO I and II sites, when the
PRPs did not agree to implement the remedy without conditions that were unacceptable to
EPA. Subsequently,  EPA reached a global settlement with the PRPs for the PRPs to
implement the final remedy and  for cost recovery. The Consent Decree for this settlement
was entered in court on June 23, 1992.
May 1994                                                                        MIDCO

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Environmental Progress
By fencing the MIDCO II site and removing drums, tanks, and debris, the EPA has reduced
the potential for exposure to hazardous materials while the technical specifications for the
remedies selected for final site cleanup are being prepared by the EPA.
Site Repository
Gary Public Library, 220 West 5th Avenue, Gary, IN 46402
MIDCO II
May 1994

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MEAL'S  DUMP
(SPENCER)
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980794549
EPA REGION 5
    Owen County
      Spencer
Site Description
The Neal's Dump site covers approximately 1/2 acre in Spencer. The dump operated from
1966 until 1971, when it was closed. During its operation, the owner accepted electrical
capacitors, oil-stained rags, and sawdust from the Westinghouse facility nearby. The
Westinghouse Electric Corporation ("Westinghouse"), the party potentially responsible for the
contamination at the site, is responsible for the clean up of Neal's Dump, as well as three
other NPL sites, an inactive city-owned wastewater treatment plant, and an authorized
landfill in the Bloomington area. These sites are: Neal's Landfill, Lemon Lane Landfill,
Bennett  Stone Quarry, Winston-Thomas Treatment Plant, and Anderson Road Landfill.
Under the provisions of a 1985 Consent Decree, Westinghouse is obligated to construct an
incinerator, to destroy PCBs from the site, and that will comply with all applicable local,
State, and Federal laws. Currently, the parties to the Consent Decree are exploring
alternative remedies for cleanup of the site. Approximately 175 people live within 1 mile of
the site,  and 954 people live within 3 miles. Forty-nine wells are located within a mile of the
site. Located adjacent to the site are natural springs, a stream,  and the White River.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                    Federal and potentially responsible
                    parties' actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 10/15/84
   Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants

         The principal threat posed by the site is through drinking water contaminated with
         PCBs. On-site monitoring wells show PCB concentrations at and above health
         advisory levels, however, testing of residential monitoring wells has not indicated
         the presence of PCBs.
                                                                         May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions:  In 1983, under the EPA's monitoring, the parties
           potentially responsible for the contamination installed a soil cap, installed
           monitoring wells, constructed a security fence, and a surface drainage control
           Entire Site: Under the provisions of a 1985 Consent Decree, the Westinghouse
           Electric Corporation, is obligated to perform the following cleanup actions:
           excavate all contaminated materials plus a 2-foot buffer zone; incinerate
excavated materials in an approved facility; and monitor groundwater. In the summer of 1991,
permit applications were submitted for constructing the incinerator and for landfilling its
waste by-product ash. Currently, the parties to the Consent Decree are exploring alternatives
to the incinerator required by the Consent Decree.
Environmental  Progress
By constructing a security fence, capping the site, and installing a drainage control system, the
parties potentially responsible for site contamination have reduced the potential for exposure
to hazardous materials at the Neal's Dump site pending final cleanup actions.
Site Repository

Monroe County Public Library, 303 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47491
May 1994                                                          NEAL'S DUMP (SPENCER)

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 MEAL'S LANDFIL
 (BLOOMINGTON
 INDIANA
 EPAID# IND980614556
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
   Monroe County
    Bloomington
The Neal's Landfill (Bloomington) site covers approximately 18 acres in Bloomington. The
site was used as an industrial and municipal waste landfill from 1950 to 1972. The main fill
area measures about 300 yards. Later, the landfill was used as a pasture for beef cattle. A
number of springs surface near the site and flow to Richland Creek, a tributary of the White
River. In 1966 and 1967, capacitors and arresters containing polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs), as well as PCB-contaminated capacitor insulation material, rags, and filter clay, were
disposed of at the landfill. Capacitors and other contaminated materials are visible on the
surface. PCBs have been found in surface soils in the northeast portion of the landfill, the
springs near the site, and the sediments of Richard Creek. The Westinghouse Electric
Corporation, the party potentially responsible for the contamination at the site, is treating
Neal's Landfill (Bloomington) site, as well as three other NPL sites, an inactive City-owned
wastewater treatment plant, and an authorized landfill in the Bloomington area. These areas
are Neal's Dump, Lemon Lane Landfill, Bennett's Dump, Winston-Thomas Treatment Plant,
and Anderson Road Landfill. Approximately 121 people live within a mile of the site, and
about 1,085 people live within 3 miles of the site. Conard's Branch and Richland Creek are
nearby. In 1983, surface capacitors from the site were removed, a clay cap and erosion
controls were installed, and a site security fence was erected. In  1989,  a springwater
treatment plant near the site became operational and currently treats  contaminated
springwater near the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                    Federal and potentially responsible
                    parties' actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 10/22/81
  Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
         The principal threats posed by the site are from potentially contaminated
         groundwater. Residents in the vicinity of the site use groundwater wells for
         drinking water. In addition, springwater which bypasses the treatment plant during
         rainfall can contaminate the surface waters of Conards Branch and Richland
                                                                         May 1994

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          Creek. Fish from Richland Creek which become contaminated may pose a risk to
          anglers.
 Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
directed at cleanup of the entire site.
 Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: Under the EPA's monitoring, the parties potentially
           responsible for the contamination installed a cap, erosion control fences, a
           security fence, and drainage control trenches. Warning signs have been posted
along Conard's Branch and Richland Creek. A sediment collection system also was installed
at Conard's Branch. Westinghouse removed PCB-contaminated sediments from Richland
Creek and Conard's Branch in late 1989. A treatment plant has been constructed by
Westinghouse to treat spring water discharge from  Neal's Landfill.

          Entire Site: In 1988, Westinghouse began a cleanup program, including:
          excavating all 4,060 tons of sediment from Conard's Branch; storing excavated
          materials in an approved facility until an approved incinerator and by-product
disposal area  are developed; operating a carbon treatment system for spring water discharges;
and monitoring the groundwater. Westinghouse conducted a dye trace study  to investigate
groundwater flow patterns  from Neal's Landfill. Groundwater monitoring occurs on a
quarterly basis for on-site wells. Dye trace testing began in April 1992 and sampling was
completed in  June 1992.  Removal of sediments from mouths of springs is ongoing. Under the
provisions of a 1985 Consent Decree, Westinghouse is required to construct  an incinerator  to
treat the landfill contents. Currently, the parties to  the Consent Decree are exploring
alternative remedies to the required incinerator.
Environmental  Progress
Immediate actions including capping and fencing the landfill and long-term activities including
excavating sediment, treating the spring water, and groundwater monitoring have reduced the
potential for exposure to hazardous materials at the  Neal's Landfill (Bloomington) site while
final cleanup actions are pending.
May 1994                                                   NEAL'S LANDFILL (BLOOMINGTON)

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Site Repository
Monroe County Public Library, 303 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47491
                                                                       May 1994

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 NINTH  AVENUE
 DUMP
 INDIANA
 EPA ID# IND980794432
                                      EPA REGION  5
                                           Lake County
                                              Gary
Site Description
Ninth Avenue Dump is an inactive chemical and  industrial waste disposal site located in Gary,
Indiana.  It is approximately  a seventeen acre  parcel in an area of mixed industrial,
commercial, and residential use.  The site is located in a low-lying area with poor drainage.
Hazardous  waste disposal occurred at the site  from the early to mid-1970s, with some filling,
believed to have been associated with some cleanup activities,  continuing until 1980. The site
operator  accepted dry industrial, construction,  and demolition wastes,  such as ashes, broken
concrete, bricks, trees,  wood, tires, cardboard,  paper, and car batteries. The site also received
liquid industrial wastes, including oil, paint  solvents, and sludges, resins, acids, and other
chemical wastes.  In 1975, the Indiana  State Board of Health  (ISBH)  inspected the site and
documented  the existence  of drums at the  surface and found evidence that liquid wastes had
been dumped at the site. In  1975 and 1980, the site operator was ordered by ISBH and U.S.
EPA, respectively, to initiate surface cleanups.  In 1983, a Partial  Consent  Judgement was
signed by U.S. EPA and the  site operator that required the operator  to evaluate  surface and
subsurface conditions and submit a plan for remedial action.  Around  this time, the operator
removed drums, tank cars, and some contaminated soils from the  site.  In early 1985, U.S.
EPA took over from the operator the performance  of the remedial investigation and
feasibility study. The Ninth Avenue Dump  site lies a few hundred  feet north  of the Midco  I
NPL site and is north of an Indiana Department   of Highways maintenance  facility that
formerly had  an outdoor salt storage pile. It is across the  street from the H & H Enterprises
site where a large fire occurred  in 1993 and which is being addressed  by the removal
program. There is a residential area on the other  side of Cline Avenue which lies
approximately  1/8 mile  to the west. The site is adjacent to several ponds and a wetland area.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
  Final Date: 09/08/83
                                                                               May 1994

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Threats and Contaminants
          Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
          benzene, toluene, and xylenes; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); and
          heavy metals including nickel and silver. On-site groundwater contains a
          hydrocarbon layer containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, VOCs,
          and PAHs. PAHs, toluene, cadmium, and lead were detected in off-site surface
          soil. On-site sediment samples contained PAHs and PCBs. Accidental ingestion of
          contaminated groundwater, surface water, soil, or sediments may present health
          risks. Groundwater monitoring at the nearest active private drinking well did not
          detect any site-related contaminants./The site is currently fenced and, while work is
          ongoing, there is a guard present continuously.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: Interim site remedy and final site remedy.
Response Action Status
          Interim Site Remedy: This remedy, the subject of a September 1988 Record of
          Decision (ROD) and an October 1991 Explanation of Significant Differences
          (ESD), has resulted in the installation of a soil/bentonite slurry wall around most
of the contamination at the site. Also, part of this remedy has been the installation and
operation of an oil/groundwater extraction system, groundwater treatment system,
groundwater recharge system, and oil storage tanks. The purpose of this part of the remedy
has been to remove the extractable part of the oil layer, which has been stored temporarily at
the site and then sent to an off-site incinerator. A surface water removal and treatment
system, with discharge to the Grand Calumet River under a NPDES (National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System) permit, has also been installed and operated to control the
amount of water ati the site.
          Final Site Remedy: This remedy, the subject of a June 1989 ROD, was to
          include the excavation and thermal treatment of oil-contaminated waste and fill
          down to the native sand, estimated to involve about 36,000 yd , capping the site
after the treatment residuals were placed in the excavated area, extraction, treatment, and
reinjection of groundwater within the slurry wall, and disposal of a small quantity of treated
groundwater outside the slurry wall  to control the amount of water within the slurry wall. As
the result of further studies at the site, in Spring 1994 a Proposed Plan for a ROD
Amendment has been issued to change this remedy, deleting the excavation and thermal
treatment and the soil flushing and  adding soil vapor extraction for the area inside the slurry
wall.
May 1994                                                             NINTH AVENUE DUMP

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Site Facts: The interim and final site remedies are being done by a group of potentially
responsible parties as the result of two unilateral administrative orders, one issued in
December 1988 and the other issued in August 1989.
Environmental Progress
By removing the most heavily contaminated materials; fencing in the site; and posting a guard
at the entrance 24 hours a day to restrict access, the potential for exposure to hazardous
materials on the Ninth Avenue Dump site has been reduced while final cleanup actions are
being designed and completed.
Site Repository
Gary Public Library, 220 West 5th Avenue, Gary, IN  46402
NINTH AVENUE DUMP
May 1994

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NORTHSIDE SAN
LANDFILL,  INC.
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND050530872
EPA REGION 5
    Boone County
      Zionsville
Site Description
The Northside Sanitary Landfill (NSL) covers approximately 70 acres of a 170-acre parcel of
land. The site is located in Union Township, about 10 miles northwest of Indianapolis. At
least 16 million gallons of hazardous wastes have been deposited in the landfill. The NSL
opened in the  1950s as an open dump and was licensed by the State in 1971 to accept
hazardous wastes. From 1972 to 1973, numerous operating deficiencies, including the failure
to cover refuse, surface burning, underground fires, leachate, and vermin problems resulted in
orders from the Indiana State Board of Health (ISBH) to cease operations. In 1982, the
owner, at the direction of the ISBH, installed a leachate collection system and three
submerged leachate collection tanks on  the western side of the site. After the owner removed
400,000 gallons of leachate from the three tanks  and disposed of it by spraying it on the
landfill, the Indiana Division of Land Pollution Control advised the owner that leachate
would have to  be solidified prior to disposal. By early 1983, the State Environmental
Management Board issued a notice of violation and ordered the owner to stop accepting
hazardous waste. A small residential community, Northfield, is located to the north of the
site. Approximately 50 residences are located within a mile of the site, and 1,750 residences
within 3 miles of the site use wells for drinking water. An unnamed ditch runs along the
western edge of the landfill and joins Finley Creek. Finley Creek flows into Eagle Creek
about 1/2 mile downstream from the site. Eagle Creek flows south for 10 miles before it
empties into Eagle Creek Reservoir,
which supplies  approximately 6 percent of the drinking water for the City of Indianapolis.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                    Federal and potentially responsible
                    parties' actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 09/08/83
  Final Date: 09/21/84
                                                                        May 1994

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Threats and Contaminants
ZEJ
Groundwater, soils, surface water, and sediments are contaminated with pesticides,
acids, oils, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene and
trichloroethylene (TCE). Potential health risks exist from accidental ingestion of
contaminated soils and sediments. Drinking contaminated groundwater also may
pose health risks, as may the consumption of fish from Finley Creek that have
bioaccumulated contaminants in their tissues. Contamination in the creek may
harm wildlife in or around the water.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
           Entire Site: In 1987, the EPA selected the following remedy to address the
           contamination at the site: deed and access restrictions to prevent further
           development of the site; installation of a multi-layer cap over the site; re-routing
of surface waters to reduce the potential for contamination migration; leachate collection and
treatment; groundwater collection and treatment; and monitoring to ensure treatment
effectiveness. Once the design activities are completed, final cleanup will begin. A 1991
amendment to the remedy selected for Northside Sanitary Landfill called for a pipeline to be
constructed to  the Indianapolis publicly owned treatment works.
Site Facts: The EPA has reached an agreement with the potentially responsible parties to
assume responsibility for the cleanup action. The Northside Sanitary Landfill Site is located
near the Envirochem Corporation, another site on the NPL.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Northside Sanitary Landfill, Inc. site to the NPL, the EPA performed
preliminary investigations and determined that the site does not pose an imminent threat to
the surrounding communities or the environment while final cleanup remedies are being
planned.
May 1994                                                NORTHSIDE SANITARY LANDFILL, INC.

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 Site Repository
 Hussey Memorial Library, 225 West Hawthorne, Zionsville, IN 46077
NORTHSIDE SANITARY LANDFILL, INC.
May 1994

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 POER  FARM
 INDIANA
 EPA ID# IND980684583
    EPA REGION 5
       Hancock County
3 miles north of Wilkinson, 5 miles
    southeast of Knightstown

       Other Names:
     Norman Poer Farm
 Site Description
Poer Farm is a 5-acre site located on a small hill between two streams and along East County
Road about  3 miles north of Wilkinson. The site is an abandoned tract of land with a house
and barn that have collapsed and have been vandalized. The surrounding area is open
farmland that supports crops of soybeans and corn. The site consists of three separate areas
where Norman Poer and Michael Coleman  received and stored about 275 drums of solvents
and paint resins from 1973 until 1983. The owners planned to blend these materials into
low-quality paint for  bridges and barns. They abandoned the project and left the 55-gallon
drums on the site. The EPA inspected the site and found that the drums were leaking, and
vegetation surrounding the area was damaged. The EPA analyzed the drums and soils
underneath them and found volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals.
Agricultural lands completely surround the Poer Farm site, and  the nearest residence is
approximately 650 feet to the north. Approximately 500 people live 3 miles north of the site
in Wilkinson, and approximately 2,300 people live 5 miles away in Knightstown.
Site Responsibility:  This site was addressed through
                     Federal, State, and potentially
                     responsible parties' actions.
    NPL LISTING HISTORY
    Proposed Date: 09/08/83
      Final Date: 10/21/84
     Deleted Date: 02/11/91
Threats and Contaminants
         Soils on site contained VOCs including toluene, xylene, and ethyl benzene and
         heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, and lead. The EPA sampled the entire site
         following emergency actions and found no significant levels of contamination that
         could pose a threat to the environment. Therefore, people near the site are not at
         risk from exposure to hazardous chemicals.
                                                                          May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site was addressed through emergency actions; further investigations showed that no
other cleanup actions were required.
Response Action Status
           Emergency Actions: In 1983, the EPA removed all wastes and 6 to 8 inches of
           soils from the drum storage areas on site. All solid and liquid wastes from the
           drums were properly disposed of at EPA-regulated landfills. The well on site was
sampled, and results showed that the levels of arsenic, cadmium, and lead were at or below
the State and Federal standards for drinking water. The site was fenced, and signs to warn
the public of contaminants were posted.

          Entire Site: The EPA completed a study of the nature and extent of
          contamination at the site in 1985. The party potentially responsible for
          contamination at the site completed a second study in  1988, under the EPA's
monitoring. The purpose of the second study was to determine if the immediate cleanup
actions at  the site were effective and to ensure that no significant contamination remained at
the site that could threaten the health of people around it. Based on the results of the
second study, the EPA determined that no further action is needed at the Poer Farm site and
deleted the site from the NPL on February 11, 1991.

Site Facts: In 1985, a potentially responsible party signed a Consent Order with the EPA
and the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, under which the party agreed to
reimburse the EPA for past response action costs and to carry out the study of the nature
and extent of contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
The removal and disposal of hazardous waste and contaminated soils from the Poer Farm site
have eliminated the threat to human health and the surrounding environment. The EPA, in
conjunction with the State of Indiana, has deleted the Poer Farm site from the NPL.
Site Repository

Not established.
May 1994                                                                   POER FARM

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 PRESTOLITE
 DIVISION
 INDIANA
 EPA ID# IND006377048
                                      EPA  REGION 5
                                           Knox County
                                       Northeast of Vincennes

                                          Other Names:
                                        Ettra Corporation -
                                     Prestolite Battery Division
Site Description
The  17  1/2-acre Prestolite  Battery Division site is an inactive facility that manufactured
lead-acid batteries. The Autolite  Battery Corporation  set up the plant in 1945. Several
companies owned and operated  the facility until Allied Chemical Company, the latest owner
of the site, ceased operations  and closed the plant in  1985. Allied received a permit allowing
it to  temporarily  operate the site, but decided  to close it before obtaining  a long-term
operating permit for the plant. Wastewaters  from the  plant's operations were contaminated
with  lead and sulfuric acid. Prior to 1978, the plant  discharged  its  wastewaters directly to the
Vincennes Sanitary Sewer  System. From 1978 until  the plant closed in 1985, the plant treated
its wastewaters and then released  them to a lagoon on site. The Vincennes  Treatment  Works
accepted the overflow from the  lagoon. The plant also released air contaminated  with lead.
Soil on  site and in the area has  been  contaminated  with lead, mainly from airborne particles.
Malfunctions of equipment on site and  accidental spills also have contributed  to the
contamination  of soils. During the plant's operations,  industrial sewer lines at the site became
plugged with lead, and as a result of leaks and sewer line backups, the soil around some of
these sewers and sumps became contaminated  with lead.  Soil on the  site also was
contaminated  with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The manufacturing  building on site
remains intact, although  all process equipment has been removed  from inside the building. A
fence encloses  the site. The site is located within the flood plain of the Wabash River, which
is 5,000 feet  west of the  site. Surface  water from the site drains to Kelso and Snapp  Creeks;
both  within 3/4 of a mile of the  site. The closest residence is approximately  50 feet away and
there are approximately 500 people within a mile of the site. The  city of Vincennes maintains
seven wells for its municipal water supply, located 3 miles from the site. Private wells also are
located  in the area around the site, none within the contaminated  plume.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/18/85
  Final Date: 10/04/89
                                                                               May 1994

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Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated sediments and soils and the installation of a fence around the
lagoon have reduced the potential of exposure to hazardous materials at the Prestolite
Battery Division site while final studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being
planned.
Site Repository
Knox County Public Library, 502 North 7th Street, Vincennes, IN  47591
PRESTOLITE BATTERY DIVISION
May 1994

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REILLY  TAR &
CHEMICAL  CORP.
(INDIANAPOUS—
PLANT)
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND000807107I
                                                 EPA REGION 5
                                                     Marion County
                                                      Indianapolis
Site Description
The 120-acre Reilly Tar & Chemical Corporation site has been used for the production of
specialty chemicals and related products since the early 1950s. Until 1972, a coal-tar refining
and wood-treatment facility using creosote operated on the site. Located on site are a trench,
a landfill, and several pits used to dispose of wastes. A lime pond received boiler cooling
water. The site is fenced. There are approximately 5,200 residents within 3 miles of the site
using groundwater for drinking water supplies. A residence is located less than 2,000 feet
from the site. All residents now have city water available to them, although private wells still
are in use.
Site Responsibility:
                  This site is being addressed through
                  Federal and potentially responsible
                  parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
  Final Date: 09/21/84
Threats and Contaminants
ZE
        Groundwater and surface water are contaminated with benzene, pyridine and
        ammonia. Soil is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
        toluene and PAHs. The potential health risks include coming in direct contact with
        or accidentally ingesting contaminated groundwater or soil.
                                                                  May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
          Entire Site: A potentially responsible party, Reilly Industries, Inc., currently is
          conducting an investigation, under EPA monitoring, into the nature and extent of
          contamination at the site. The investigation defined the contaminants and
recommended alternatives for an operable unit cleanup. The investigation was completed in
mid-1992. A Record of Decision was issued in June 1992 calling for a groundwater extraction
and treatment system to be  installed at the site perimeter. This action was defined as
operable unit #1. A Record of Decision was signed in September 1993 for the second
operable unit at the site. This operable unit addressed five on-site areas of soil
contamination.  Low temperature thermal desorption was chosen for "hot spots" in four of
the areas. The  fifth area, the south landfill, will undergo in-situ solidification to solidify
sludge accumulations with a final cover placement, depending on the RCRA characteristics of
the sludge after the solidification process is complete. Operable units 3 and 4 are scheduled
to be completed in late 1994 and will address other on-site source areas and the plant sewer
system. Finally, off-site groundwater contamination will be addressed by the end of 1994.

Site Facts: Reilly Industries, Inc. has entered into  a Consent Order with the EPA. The
company agreed to conduct  the study into the nature and extent  of contamination at the site
and to recommend alternatives for final cleanup. EPA amended the aforementioned consent
order to address RCRA corrective action requirements and added a number of SWMUs in
September 1992.
Environmental  Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Reilly Tar and Chemical
Corporation site while studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library, 40 East St. Clair Street, Indianapolis, IN 46206
May 1994                                   :                  REILLY TAR & CHEMICAL CORP.
                                                                   (INDIANAPOLIS PLANT)

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 SEYMOUR
 RECYCLING
 CORPORATION
 INDIANA
 EPAID# IND040313017
Site Description
                                              EPA REGION 5
                                                  Jackson County
                                            2 miles southwest of Seymour
The  14-acre Seymour Recycling Corporation site is made up of two parts: a 12-acre area
surrounded by a berm and fence to confine rainwater and prevent  access to the site, and a
2-acre area located directly to the  northeast  of the larger area. From 1970 to 1980, the  site
was operated  as a processing center for waste  chemicals. Wastes were accumulated  on site in
drums, bulk storage tanks, and tank trucks. By 1980, there were approximately 98 storage
tanks and 50,000 drums on site. The majority of the drums were rusted and punctured, some
were missing  lids, and a large number  leaked. The leaks caused contaminants to cover a
widespread area, toxic vapors to be released from the site, and on-site fires. The  facility
closed in 1980.  Surface drums and  tanks  and their contents  were removed in 1981 and 1982.
Contaminated  soils continue to pollute the aquifers. The shallow aquifer is highly
contaminated  with various hazardous chemicals including volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Approximately  100 homes are located  within 1 mile of the site. Most private water supply
wells for these residences have been disconnected  and replaced with water  from the City of
Seymour water  supply system. Contaminated  runoff from the site entered nearby  drainage
ditches that flow into  the White River and then to the Ohio  River.  Releases of contaminants
from the site  resulted  in fish kills.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                    Federal, State, and potentially
                    responsible parties' actions.
                                               NPL LISTING HISTORY
                                               Proposed Date: 10/22/81
                                                 Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
ZEJ
Groundwater  contains VOCs, chloroform, phenols, and heavy metals including
arsenic, barium, iron, and manganese.  Soils are contaminated with high levels of
VOCs and heavy metals including beryllium. People could be exposed to
contaminants  by accidentally coming in direct contact with or ingesting
contaminated  groundwater or soil. People who eat contaminated  fish may suffer
adverse health effects.
                                                                         May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: immediate  actions and two long-term remedial
phases focusing on groundwater cleanup and  soil cleanup.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: As a result of a fire in 1980, chemical  runoff from the site
           posed  a risk to nearby residents. Approximately 300 people were temporarily
           relocated  and the parties potentially  responsible for site contamination removed
several thousand  drums from the site. In 1981, the EPA removed chemicals from tanks at  the
site and disposed of those  wastes off site. A dike was installed around the site to prevent
rainfall from mixing with wastes on  the ground. The  site fence was upgraded. The surface
water treatment  plant located on site was upgraded in 1982. From 1982 to 1984, potentially
responsible parties removed  approximately  50,000 drums, 100 storage  tanks, and
contaminated  soil from 75 percent of the site's surface and partially covered  the site  with a
temporary  soil cap. Homes surrounding the site were connected  to the city water distribution
system in 1984 and 1985 due  to the  threat  of groundwater contamination. A total  of 177,500
gallons of flammable  liquids  were incinerated. Approximately  31,800 cubic yards of crushed
drums, scrap metal, sludge, and contaminated soil and debris, 359 lab packs of sludge, and
296 drums of flammable solids were landfilled. Approximately  104,200 gallons of inert liquids
were injected  into a deep well. Warning signs have been posted, and a 24-hour guard will
remain at the site throughout construction  activities.

           Groundwater: The selected cleanup  remedy to address the  groundwater  plume
           includes implementation   of a plume stabilization system that  will extract,  treat,  and
           discharge contaminated groundwater  to the Seymour Wastewater  Treatment  Plant.
The potentially responsible parties constructed the groundwater  pump and treat  system, which
is operational.  In order to sufficiently reduce contamination at the  site,  the groundwater
extraction and pump  and  treat system may  have  to be operated for up to 30 years. A third
extraction well and line may  be constructed.

           Soil: The  selected cleanup  remedies to address soil contamination  include: putting
           in place deed and  access  restrictions  and other  controls to  prevent future
           development of the site  and the  adjacent  property;  breaking  down hazardous
components of the soil through bioremediation;   installing a soil vapor extraction system;
extracting and treating  contaminated groundwater at and beyond the  site boundaries;
installing a cap; excavating contaminated  sediment and consolidating sediment beneath the
cap; and  regular monitoring  to determine the effectiveness  of these cleanup  activities. The
potentially  responsible parties have  completed construction of the soil cap. The  vapor
extraction system has been constructed and is planned to be operated for 2 to 5 years. The
soil bioremediation remedy has been completed.  All soil cleanup components have been
constructed.   Air monitoring   stations have been  constructed.
May 1994                                                   SEYMOUR RECYCLING CORPORATION

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Site Facts: In 1988, the EPA, the State, and potentially responsible parties entered  into a
Consent  Decree.  The Decree requires the parties  to reimburse the  Federal government  for
past cleanup costs and  to perform and pay for future  cleanup  activities. A preliminary close-
out report  was signed in September  1993 for the Seymour Site.
Environmental Progress
The removal of drums, soils, and storage tanks, construction of the dike, and connecting
residents to the city water system have  reduced the potential  for exposure to contaminated
materials at the Seymour Recycling Corporation site. Ongoing cleanup actions continue  to
reduce contamination  levels in the  soil and groundwater.
Site Repository
Jackson County Public Library, 2nd & Walnut Streets, Seymour, IN  47274
SEYMOUR RECYCLING CORPORATION
May 1994

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SOUTHSIDE  SANI
LANDFILL
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980607360
                                                       EPA REGION 5
                                                           Marion County
                                                       Southwest of Indianapolis

                                                           Other Names:
                                                        Southslde Sanitary
                                                     Disposal & Transfer Co., Inc.
Site Description
The 160-acre Southside Sanitary Landfill is an active solid waste disposal facility that began
landfilling activities in 1971. In 1974, the 34 acres on the northern side of the site were
licensed by the County and the State for disposal of solid wastes. After the first excavated
area was filled by dumping refuse and covered with a layer of dirt, a second area was
excavated 150 feet to the south. After these areas were filled, the land between the two was
excavated. In 1975, the site was expanded to 160 acres. An estimated 4 million cubic yards of
waste including coal tar, asbestos, iron oxide and clarifier sludges, and paint waste have been
buried at the landfill. Access to the site is restricted. Approximately 7,200 people, within 3
miles of the site, use groundwater for drinking water supplies. The distance from the site to
the nearest residence is 1/2 mile. Approximately 2,000 private wells are located within 3 miles
of the site. Nearby Eagle Creek, White River, and Fall River are used for recreational
activities.
Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                    State and potentially responsible
                    parties' actions.
                                                       NPL LISTING HISTORY
                                                       Proposed Date: 06/10/86
                                                         Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
         Groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic, chromium,
         cadmium, and nickel. On-site soils are contaminated with polycyclic aromatic
         hydrocarbons (PAHs). Potential health threats to people include coming in direct
         contact with or accidentally ingesting contaminated groundwater or soil.
                                                                         May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
           Initial Actions: In 1988, the operators of the Southside Landfill constructed a
           leachate collection system and an underground slurry wall to control the migration
           of contaminated groundwater.

          Entire Site: The owners/operators of the Southside Landfill, under State
          monitoring, currently are conducting an investigation into the nature and extent of
          contamination at the site. The investigation is defining the contaminants and will
result in the selection of the final cleanup remedies. The investigation is scheduled to be
completed in the winter of 1995.

Site Facts: In 1986, the State and Southside Landfill entered into an agreement, requiring
that the company construct a leachate collection system and an underground slurry wall to
control the migration of groundwater.
Environmental  Progress
The construction of a leachate collection system and underground slurry wall has prevented
the migration of contaminated groundwater at the Southside Sanitary Landfill site while
studies are taking place and final cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository

Indianapolis Public Library, 40 East St. Clair Street, Indianapolis, IN  46204
May 1994                                                    SOUTHSIDE SANITARY LANDFILL

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TIPPECANOE
SANITARY  LAND
INC.
INDIANA
EPA ID#
                        r ;  o

                                                    EPA REGION 5
                                                      Tippecanoe County
                                                         Lafayette
Site Description	~

In 1971 the 70-acre Tippecanoe Sanitary Landfill received a permit from the State. The
principal wastes disposed of at the site have been garbage and refuse generated by the local
residents businesses, and industries. Some out-of-state wastes have also been sent there. In
1979 ALCOA advised the State that the sludge material that it had been sending to the
landfill since 1973 had been found to contain significant levels of polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs).  Disposal of the sludge ceased, but considerable quantities had already been
deposited at the site. Groundwater contamination at the site has been verified. In 1989, as
the result of an agreement reached with the State, the facility discontinued accepting wastes.
 Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                    Federal, State, and potentially
                    responsible parties' actions.
                                                      NPL LISTING HISTORY
                                                      Proposed Date: 06/24/88
                                                        Final Date: 08/30/90
 Threats and Contaminants
         The groundwater has been shown to be contaminated. Sludge buried at the site
         contains PCBs. The landfill cover is inadequate and has not been maintained so
         that some wastes are exposed. Landfill gas has been detected in the soils away
         from the landfill. The contaminated groundwater is a potential health threat to
         individuals if it is accidently directly contacted or swallowed and the landfill gas
         presents an explosion hazard.
 Cleanup Approach	"

 This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the
 entire site.
                                                                       May 1994

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 Response Action Status
          Entire Site: Some of the parties potentially responsible for site contamination
          agreed to conduct an investigation to determine the nature and extent of
          contamination and to identify alternative cleanup actions. The work plan for the
investigation was approved and field work began in 1991. Completion of the study is
scheduled for 1994.

Site Facts: A Consent Decree signed in 1988 ordered the owner to close the landfill by
October 1989 and install a cover over the wastes. The owner filed for bankruptcy in 1989,
and the cover was not fully installed. In March 1990, the EPA, the Indiana Department of
Environmental Management, and 10 of the potentially responsible parties signed a Consent
Order requiring the parties to conduct site investigations.
 Environmental  Progress
After proposing this site for the NPL, preliminary investigations were done. The only
immediate action deemed necessary was the protection of a few nearby people from the
threat of landfill gas entering their homes and place of business. The State installed, and has
been maintaining, alarms that will alert these people to the presence of an unacceptable level
of gas.
Site Repository

Tippecanoe County Public Library, 627 South Street, Lafayette, IN  47901
May 1994                                   -            TIPPECANOE SANITARY LANDFILL, INC.

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TRI-STATE  PLATING
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND006038764
EPA REGION 5
  Bartholomew County
     Columbus
Site Description
For approximately 35 years prior to 1981, the Tri-State Plating site was used by Hull
Industries and Quality Plating Service Company. The site covers an area of approximately
16,000 square feet. In 1981, Tri-State Plating purchased the facility and began an
electroplating operation. Contamination problems first were detected at the site when the
Bartholomew County Health Department and the Indiana State Board of Health (ISBH)
inspected the site and found that soils contained high concentrations of cyanide and other
heavy metals. In 1984, after finding that Tri-State Plating was discharging contaminated
wastewater, the City of Columbus instructed the company to install a treatment system to
control contaminated wastewater discharges to the city's sewers. Later in  1984, when a
treatment system was not installed,  the city blocked off sewers leading from the Tri-State
Plating facility and shut off the company's water supply. Tri-State Plating  discontinued
operations in 1984. The nearest residence is adjacent to the site boundary. The City of
Columbus has approximately 30,000 people, some of whom are served by a well field located
near the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                    Federal actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 09/18/85
   Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and  Contaminants
         The groundwater is contaminated with chromium. The soil was contaminated with
         heavy metals including cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and arsenic. The
         contaminated groundwater could be hazardous to the health of individuals if it is
         accidentally touched or swallowed before cleanup is completed. Haw Creek and
         the White River, which are located nearby, had a potential of being contaminated
         by the hazardous materials present  at the site.
                                                                          May 1994

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 Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
 Response Action Status
           Initial Actions: In 1987, the EPA constructed a fence around the entire site and
           removed 27 barrels of waste to an off-site treatment facility. The EPA also took
           steps to decontaminate the electroplating process building and storage shed. In
addition, contaminated surface soil was excavated and disposed of at an off-site landfill. After
the soil was removed, the EPA covered excavated areas with clean soil. These actions have
eliminated the immediate threat posed to residents by exposure to soil contamination. In
1989, the EPA took the  following actions to remove the remaining sources of contamination
from the site: decontaminated the walls and ceilings  of the main process building and
demolished the building; transported the building debris to an off-site landfill; excavated
contaminated soil and the contaminated building foundation and disposed of excavated
material at an off-site waste landfill; and filled the excavated areas with clean soil, graded the
surface of the ground, and reseeded the graded  area. Upon completion of these actions, the
fence was removed.

          Entire Site: The EPA completed an investigation in 1990 that determined the
          nature and extent of the site contamination and recommended that the
          contaminated groundwater  be pumped and treated and then discharged to the
publicly owned water treatment works. The pump and treat system design was approved in
early 1991.  Construction of the treatment system has been completed and groundwater
pumping and treatment was initiated in early 1992. Groundwater treatment will continue until
cleanup goals are met. During the course of the investigation and while demolishing the main
building, the EPA found asbestos-bearing materials. These materials were removed and
transferred to a licensed disposal facility.
Environmental  Progress
Pumping and treating groundwater, excavating contaminated soils and debris, and demolishing
the contaminated building have reduced the potential of exposure to contaminated materials
at the Tri-State Plating site.
Site Repository
Bartholomew County Health Department, 440 3rd Street, Suite 303, Columbus, IN 47201
May 1994                                                              TRI-STATE PLATING

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U.S. SMELTER
AND LEAD  REF
INC.
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND047030226
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
     Lake County
     East Chicago
The former site of the U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, Inc. (USS Lead) operation is located
on a 79-acre parcel of land in East Chicago, Indiana. The area is primarily industrial. The
Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad is located to the north of the site, the East West Toll Road
and the east branch of the Grand Calumet River to the south, Kennedy Avenue to the east,
and Indiana Harbor Canal to the west. From 1906 to 1920, USS Lead operated primarily as a
copper smelter. In 1920 the company added a primary lead smelter to its operation. USS
Lead converted to secondary smelting in 1973, recovering lead from scrap metal and old
automobile batteries. All operations were discontinued in 1985. Two primary waste materials
were generated as a result of the smelting operations: blast furnace slag and lead-containing
dust emitted by the blast furnace stack. Blast furnace slag was stockpiled south of the plant
building and once a year spread over an adjoining 21 acres of wetlands. The lead-containing
dust was originally trapped in bag  filters and stored in a three to five acre area for future
recycling. In 1973 a larger blast furnace was installed to recycle both new and stockpiled dust.
Significant amounts of the dust were later contained in a building to prevent dispersion.
However, dust has spread throughout the building with increasing dilapidation. Substantial
amounts of dust remain on site. In 1975 and 1985, USS Lead  received a National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit to discharge furnace  cooling water and storm
water  run-off to the Grand Calumet River. According to the Indiana Department of
Environmental Management (IDEM), permit levels were exceeded for several materials. In
the 1980s, several State and Federal enforcement actions were taken against the company.
As a result of the permit violations and the dumping of slag water into the wetlands, nearby
surface waters are contaminated. In September 1985, the Indiana State Board of Health
(ISBH) found USS Lead in violation of State law because lead particles were found
downwind of the site. Approximately 4.1 million people draw drinking water from intakes
primarily into Lake Michigan, which is 15 miles downstream of where hazardous substances
from the site enter surface water. Lake Michigan, the Grand Calumet River and Indiana
Harbor Canal are nearby fishing areas. The Grand Calumet River Natural Area, located a
quarter mile southeast of the site, has two endangered species. Hammond Beach Marina is
four miles west of where the canal enters Lake Michigan.  Lake Michigan, Wahala Beach and
several other major recreation areas are within 15 miles of the site. Seventy five hundred
people work or attend school within two miles of the site.
                                                                           May 1994

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 Site Responsibility:  This site is being addressed through
                      Federal actions. The NPL Listing
                      will remain proposed until all
                      RCRA authorities have  been
                      exhausted.
                                                   NPL Listing History:
                                                  Proposed Date: 02/07/92
Threats and  Contaminants
 ins
Elevated levels of lead exist in the blast furnace slag. Substantial amounts of
lead-containing dust have permeated the building, contaminating the structure and
surrounding soils. According to IDEM, the permit levels for lead, cadmium,
copper, arsenic and zinc over  the years were exceeded. These permit violations as
well as the dumping of blast furnace slag water into wetlands have led to surface
water contamination. In addition, air is contaminated with lead particles downwind
of the site.
Cleanup Approach
This site is planned to be addressed through a long-term remedial action focusing on cleanup
of the entire site. At the present time, the facility has a Consent Order with RCRA to
prepare a  Corrective Action Management Unit (CAMU).
Response Action Status
          Entire Site: The investigation will not begin until all RCRA authorities have been
          exhausted.
Site Facts: In the 1980's, several State and Federal enforcement actions were taken against
USS Lead for permit violations. In April of 1990, IDEM drafted a Partial Interim Agreement
Order mandating that USS Lead develop a site cleanup plan. USS Lead's parent company,
Sharon Steel Corp., offered to lend USS Lead the funds to comply with the cleanup
requirements. Sharon Steel, however, subsequently filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11  of
the Federal Bankruptcy Code.
    1994          •                         •          U.S. SMELTER AND LEAD REFINERY, INC.

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Environmental  Progress
Initial investigations indicate the U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, Inc. site poses no
immediate threat to the health and safety of the nearby population while the site awaits
additional investigations.
Site Repository
Not established.
U.S. SMELTER AND LEAD REFINERY, INC.
May 1994

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WASTE, INC.
LANDFILL
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980504006
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
    Laporte County
    Michigan City
The Waste, Inc. Landfill in Michigan City is composed of 32 acres situated on a former
wetland area. From 1966 to 1982, the landfill accepted approximately 128,000 tons of
industrial wastes. The landfill was unlined, and there were no dikes to control runoff.
Originally,  the site sloped down to a creek, but now the landfill rises 50 feet above the
surrounding terrain. In 1983, the  site was sampled by the EPA, and heavy metals, polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and other organic
compounds were found in the sediment of Trail Creek, which borders the landfill.
Approximately 11,300 people live within a mile of the site, and about 2,100 people depend on
private wells within 3 miles of the site for their drinking water. The site drains into Trail
Creek, which is used for recreational purposes and discharges to Lake Michigan. The
Michigan City Water Works, serving approximately 32,000 people, draws water from intakes
in Lake Michigan less than 3 miles downstream from the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                    Federal and potentially responsible
                    parties' actions.
 NPL LISTING HISTORY
 Proposed Date: 04/10/85
  Final Date: 07/21/87
Threats and Contaminants
         Groundwater and soils may be contaminated with volatile organic compounds
         (VOCs), PCBs, PAHs, various phthalates, and heavy metals. Sediments in Trail
         Creek contain heavy metals including arsenic, lead, and manganese; PAHs; PCBs;
         and other organic compounds. People may be exposed to contaminants by
         accidentally ingesting or coming in direct contact with contaminated soil, leachate,
         groundwater, surface water, or sediment. Eating fish, waterfowl, or locally grown
         vegetables containing accumulated contaminants may pose a health hazard.
                                                                         May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
          Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for the contamination at the site
          are conducting an investigation, under EPA supervision, to determine the type and
          extent of contamination. All sampling is complete. The investigative report defining
the nature and extent of contamination is being finalized. Currently, the EPA is evaluating
various cleanup alternatives  and is expected to select final cleanup remedies by late 1992.
A proposed plan was released in January 1994 with the accompanying comment period ending
in late April 1994. A Record of Decision will be released in mid 1994.
Site Facts: Under a Consent Order with the EPA, signed on March 31, 1987, nine
potentially responsible parties agreed to undertake the investigation of the site contamination.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Waste, Inc. Landfill on the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary evaluations
and determined that the site does not pose an immediate threat to the surrounding
communities or the environment while the investigations leading to the selection of final
cleanup remedies are taking place.
Site Repository
Michigan City Public Library, 100 East 4th Street, Michigan City, IN 46360

Bethany Bible Baptist Church, Canada Community Improvement Society, 215 Miller Street,
Michigan City, IN 46360

LaPorte County Health Department, Michigan City Branch Office, 104 Brinckmann Avenue,
Michigan City, IN 46360
May 1994                                                            WASTE, INC. LANDFILL

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WAYNE  WASTE
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND048989479
                                      EPA  REGION 5
                                          Whitley County
                                          Columbia City

                                          Other Names:
                                 Wayne Reclamation and Recycling
                                             (WRR)
Site Description
The  Wayne Waste Oil site is located on 35 acres in Columbia City. Wayne Waste  Oil, a
division of Wayne Reclamation and Recycling, Inc., deposited about a million gallons of oil
waste on this site from 1975 to 1980. During  its  period of operation, oil wastes were disposed
of on site by dumping them on surface  soils, into unlined pits, and into a trench. The Indiana
State  Board  of Health investigated  the  facility in 1980 and found that hazardous wastes were
illegally deposited. As a result, the owner was ordered by the State  of Indiana to clean up the
site.  The site contained opened,  leaking drums, waste areas covered with sands, and  disposal
ponds. The area  surrounding the  site is used for residential, industrial and commercial
purposes.  The  population  of Columbia  City was  estimated to be 5,100 in 1988.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
  Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and  Contaminants
          Groundwater  contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene,
          trichloroethylene  (TCE), and toluene and heavy metals including arsenic, barium,
          lead, and cyanide. Soil contains polycyclic aromatic  hydrocarbons  (PAHs),  VOCs,
          heavy metals, phenols, and phthalates. On-site ponds and the adjacent  Blue River
          contain cyanide, copper, and TCE. Currently, the city wells, which are  located  at
          the  northern boundary of the site, are not contaminated.  All residences are
          connected  to the municipal water supply. If migration of site-related  contaminants
          through  groundwater  occurs, area residents could be exposed to these  pollutants
          when consuming  or using drinking water. On-site trespassers  and workers could be
          exposed  to site-related contaminants  when coming into direct contact with  the
          contaminated  soils. To prevent unauthorized  entry onto the site, a fence has been
          installed  along the north and west sides. The Blue  River borders the site on the
          east and south. Site-related  contaminants in groundwater, surface water, and soils
          could migrate into the river.
                                                                               May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate  actions and a long-term remedial phase
directed at cleanup  of the entire  site.
Response Action Status
            Immediate Actions: In  1986, the potentially  responsible parties,  under EPA
            monitoring, excavated  7S500 tons of contaminated  soil in the  oil decanting  pit,  the
            tar pit, and the sludge ravine. This excavated  soil along  with over 200 drums and
soil from the buried barrel area, were removed  and deposited in a federally approved
hazardous  waste facility. This area was  then backfilled. In 1988, the parties excavated
approximately 5,400 tons of contaminated  soil from the discolored  area, the acid pit, the ink
sludge area, and the sludge ravine and  disposed of the  soil in a federally  approved facility. An
additional  125 drums were removed, as well as the contents of 23 tanks.  A fence was
constructed around  the oil decanting  pit, the sludge ravine, and the discolored area. The acid
pit and the ink sludge areas were backfilled with clean  fill material.  Four drums were left on
site after  these operations   ceased  in 1988 because  of the  difficulties involved with moving
them.  The remaining drums were removed from the site in 1989.

            Entire Site: The EPA began  an investigation  into the  nature  and extent of site
           contamination  in 1985. The parties potentially  responsible for site  contamination
           completed the  effort under  EPA  supervision.  The remedy selected by the EPA  in
early  1990 includes: constructing,  operating, and maintaining a soil vapor extraction  system in
the VOC-contaminated   soil areas; constructing, operating, and maintaining a ground water
extraction, treatment (air  stripping), and discharge system; delineating the extent of the
municipal landfill; constructing and maintaining  a cap over the municipal landfill; covering
PAH-contaminated   soil or consolidating the soil under  the municipal landfill cap; removing
and treating the contents  of all above-ground  and underground  tanks, and delineating  the
extent of contamination  due to spills or leaks  associated with the tanks; removing and
disposing of site debris; installing  an upgraded security fence around  the  site; monitoring the
ground water  and the air; and implementing  deed restrictions to ensure protection of the
municipal landfill cap. During the design phase, an air sparging system to enhance the
removal  of VOCs from the groundwater and a subsurface slurry wall to prevent the migration
of contaminated   groundwater (while the groundwater  cleanup inside the  wall continues)  were
added  for the  southeast  portion of the site. The potentially responsible parties, under  EPA
monitoring, began designing the technical  specifications in late 1991. The  design phase was
completed  in February  1994, and  the  cleanup  activities will begin in the spring of 1994.

Site Facts: In  1986, the EPA and the  potentially responsible parties  entered  into an
Administrative  Order on Consent, under which the parties removed contaminated soil, drums,
and tanks from  the  site. The EPA issued a Unilateral  Administrative Order to five parties
potentially responsible for the site contamination  in 1988. The purpose of this Order was to
compel these parties to remove additional drums, soils, debris, and tank contents.
May 1994                                                                   WAYNE WASTE OIL

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Environmental Progress
The removal of the contaminated soils and drums from the site and the construction of
security fences around the areas of greatest contamination have reduced the potential for
direct exposure to hazardous materials at the Wayne Waste Oil site while the specifications
for the selected cleanup remedy are completed and the actual cleanup activities are started.
Site Repository
Peabody Library, 203 North Main Street, Columbia City, IN  46725
WAYNE WASTE OIL
May 1994

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WEDZEB
ENTERPRISES, INC
INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980794374
Site Description
                                   EPA REGION 5
                                       Boone County
                                         Lebanon
The Wedzeb Enterprises, Inc. site is situated on 3/4 acre and in Lebanon, about 30 miles
northwest of Indianapolis. The site was owned by a succession of businesses prior to the late
1970s, when Wedzeb Enterprises, Inc. purchased it. Operating practices at Wedzeb consisted
of buying used electrical equipment for resale and storing it on site in two warehouses.
Various types of electrical equipment including electrical capacitors and transformers
containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were stored on site. A fire that completely
destroyed one of the warehouses on the eastern side occurred at the Wedzeb Enterprises,
Inc. site in  1981. According to inventory records, this warehouse had contained 77 tons of
electrical capacitors, some of which exploded during the fire. The water used to put out the
fire mixed with contaminants from the capacitors and subsequently dripped onto the ground
and flowed into a sanitary sewer line. PCBs may have been released into the environment as
a result of the fire, and contaminants may have been washed to nearby ground surfaces as
the fire was extinguished. Because of the potential health threat to nearby residents caused
by harmful chemicals, the Indiana State Board  of Health and the EPA collected samples in
1981 of on-site soil and debris, as well as soot, wastewater, and  sanitary sewer sediment from
areas located near the site. The results of these sampling activities showed concentrations of
PCBs in sediment from the sanitary sewage treatment plant, as well as traces of dioxins and
furans in the sediment and other soil samples from locations on and near the site. The EPA
and the Indiana Environmental Management Board requested a cleanup plan from Wedzeb
Enterprises, Inc. in 1982, but the company failed to submit one  until 1985. Approximately
11,455 people live within a 3-mile radius of the site, and about 300 homes are located within
500 feet of the site. There are approximately 300 private wells and two municipal wells within
the vicinity of the site. These wells were not threatened by site contamination.
Site Responsibility:
This site was addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
  Final Date: 09/08/83
Deletion Date: 09/10/91
                                                                          May 1994

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Threats and Contaminants
          Groundwater contains low levels of dioxins and furans that do no pose a risk to
          people or the environment. On-site sediments and sediments located in the
          sanitary sewer pipeline system near the site were contaminated with PCBs, dioxins,
          and furans. Soils contained low levels of PCBs, dioxins, furans, and other organic
          compounds. Low levels of PCBs were found in the interior warehouse surface
          samples. The site is now clean, and there is no threat to public health or the
          environment.
Cleanup Approach
The site was addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
           Immediate Actions: Wedzeb Enterprises, Inc. installed a fence and a windbreak
           around the site in 1985 to minimize migration of dust off site. The EPA removed
           50 boxes containing contaminated on-site surface soils and debris  from the area
surrounding the warehouse on the eastern part of the site in 1987. The contaminated soils
and debris were shipped to an EPA-approved disposal facility. The contaminated soil
subsequently was replaced with clean fill. More than 250 drums of 3-pound capacitors were
shipped off site for incineration.

          Entire Site: The work plan  for long-term cleanup of the sewers and soils was
          completed and approved by the EPA, and cleanup work began on  the site in 1990.
          The EPA selected the following methods to address site contamination: cleaning
the sewer lines with hydraulic jets and vacuum pumping to remove contaminants; inspection
of the sewer pipe; disposal or incineration of contaminated sediments;  filtering sewer
sediments and discharging clean water to the publicly owned treatment works; and removal
and disposal of the wastes generated  by the investigation into the nature and  extent of
contamination at the site. Cleanup activities were completed in late 1990, and the EPA
deleted the site from the NPL in 1991.

Site Facts: The EPA and the State  of Indiana made repeated attempts  to compel Wedzeb
Enterprises, Inc., the party potentially responsible for site contamination, to clean up the site
between 1981 and 1985. Further enforcement efforts resulted in Wedzeb Enterprises, Inc.
submitting a cleanup plan for the site in 1985; however, Wedzeb Enterprises,  Inc. never
initiated cleanup activities due to financial difficulties.
May 1994                                                       WEDZEB ENTERPRISES, INC.

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Environmental Progress
All cleanup activities have been completed at the Wedzeb Enterprises, Inc. site. The EPA
deleted the site from the NPL in 1991.
Site  Repository
Lebanon Public Library, 104 East Washington Street, Lebanon, IN 46052
WEDZEB ENTERPRISES, INC.
May 1994

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                                                        EPA REGION 5
                                                          St. Joseph County
                                                             South Bend
WHITEFORD SAL

AND SERVICE  INC.

INDIANA
EPA ID# IND980999791


Site Description

The Whiteford Sales and Service Inc. site covers approximately 8 acres on Sample Street in
South Bend, Indiana. The site was in operation from 1960 until 1980. In 1980, St. Joseph
County purchased the property from Whiteford Trucking; Whiteford then leased the property
and structures from the County until 1983, when the County demolished all structures and
began construction of an overpass. During the excavation process, three dry wells, each
approximately 6 feet in diameter and 6 feet deep, were uncovered. Unknown quantities of
degreasing solvents and sludges from the cleaning of trucks and trailers, had been deposited
into these three unlined dry wells during the period the site was in operation. Tests conducted
by the St. Joseph County Health Department found on-site soils to be contaminated with
organic and inorganic compounds. The Whiteford site itself lies in an industrial area;
however, residences are located approximately 100 feet due north of the site. There are
approximately 10,000 people living within a 1-mile radius  of the site. Approximately 237,000
people draw a portion of their drinking water from public wells within 300 feet of the site. In
1980, the Olive Street Well Field, part of the municipal water system located west of the
Whiteford Site, was shut down because of the presence of organic chemicals in the well
water.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
                    Federal actions.
                                                        NPL LISTING HISTORY
                                                        Proposed Date: 06/24/88
                                                          Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
         Groundwater off site was found to contain a substance commonly used in
         degreasing operations, other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
         trichloroethylene (TCE), and vinyl chloride. Soils and sludges on site were
         found to be contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic, barium, cadmium,
         and chromium, and with VOCs. It has been documented that contaminated
         groundwater has migrated to the nearby municipal well field. If people should
         come in direct contact with  or accidentally ingest the contaminated groundwater,
         they may be at risk. In addition, people who come into direct contact with or
         accidentally ingest contaminated soil may suffer adverse health effects.
                                                                         May 1994

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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: an initial action and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.

Response Action Status  	
          Initial Action: Cleanup of the Whiteford property was initiated by the
          responsible parties. Three dry wells, in addition to a limited amount of
          contaminated soils, were removed and taken to a state-permitted sanitary landfill.

          Entire Site: EPA is investigating the type and extent of contamination at the site.
          The field work has been completed and a report detailing the extent of
          contamination is currently being prepared. The final selection of the cleanup
strategy for the site is expected in late 1994.
Environmental Progress
The removal of the contaminated dry wells and some of the contaminated soils from the
Whiteford Sales and Service Inc. site has reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous
materials while the investigations leading to the selection of the final cleanup remedies are
taking place.
Site Repository
St. Joseph County Public Library, 122 West Wayne Street, South Bend, IN 46601
May 1994
WHITEFORD SALES AND
        SERVICE INC.

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                              GLOSSARY
                    Terms  Used in the NPL Book
            This glossary defines terms used throughout the NPL Volumes. The terms and
            abbreviations contained in this glossary apply specifically to work performed
        under the Superfimd program in the context of hazardous waste management. These
        terms may have other meanings when used in a different context. A table of common
        toxic chemicals found at NPL sites, their sources, and their potential threats is located
        on page G-15
 Acids: Substances, characterized by low pH
 (less than 7.0), that arc used in chemical manu-
 facturing.  Acids in high concentration can be
 very corrosive and react with manv inorganic
 and organic substances.  These reactions possi-
 bly may create toxic compounds or release
 heavy metal contaminants that remain in the
 environment long after the acid is  neutralized.

 Administrative Order On Consent: A
 legal and enforceable agreement between the
 EPA and the parties potentially responsible for
 site contamination. Under the terms of the
 Order, the potentially responsible panics (PRPs)
 agree to perform or pay for site studies or
 cleanups. It also describes the oversight rules.
 responsibilities, and enforcement options that
 the government may exercise in the event of
 non-compliance by potentially responsible
 parties. This Order is signed by PRPs and the
 government: it docs not require approval by a
judge.

 Administrative Order [Unilateral]: A
 legally binding document issued by the EPA.
directing the parties potentially responsible to
perform site cleanups or studies (generally, the
EPA does not issue Unilateral Orders for site
studies). This type of Order is not  signed by the
PRPs and does not require approval by a judge.

Aeration: A  process that promotes breakdown
of contaminants in soil or water by exposing
them to air.
 Agency for Toxic Substances and Dis-
 ease Registry (ATSDR): The Federal
 agency within the U.S. Public Health Service
 charged with carrying out the health-related
 responsibilities of CERCLA.

 Air Stripping: A process whereby volatile
 organic chemicals (VOCs) are removed from
 contaminated material by forcing a stream of air
 through the contaminated material in a pressur-
 ized vessel. The contaminants are evaporated
 into the air stream. The air may be further
 treated before it is released into the atmosphere.

 Ambient Air: Any unconfined pan of the
 atmosphere. Refers to the air that may be
 inhaled by workers or residents in the vicinity of
 contaminated air sources.

 Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate
 Requirements (ARARs): Federal State, or
 local laws which apply to Superfund activities at
 NPL sites. Both emergency and long-term
 actions must comply with these laws or provide
sound reasons for allowing a waiver. ARARs
must be identified for each site relative to the
characteristics of the site, the substances found
at the site, or the cleanup alternatives being
considered for the site.

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                                                                       GLOSSARY
propernes. \vruch increase cleaning erriciency.
However, these propernes also cause chemical
reactions that increase the hazard to human
health ana the environment.

Carbon Treatment: [see Carbon Adsorp-
tion].

Cell:  In solid waste disposal, one of a series of
holes in  a landfill where waste is dumped.
compacted, and covered with layers of dirt.

CERCLA: [see Comprehensive Environmen-
tal Response. Compensation, and Liability Act).

Characterization:  The sampling, monitoring.
and analysis of a site to determine the extent and
nature of toxic releases.  Characterization
provides the basis for acquiring the necessary
technical information to develop, screen, ana-
lyze, and select appropriate cleanup techniques.

Chemical Rxation: The use of chemicals to
bind contaminants, thereby reducing the poten-
tial for leaching or other movement.

Chromated Copper Arsenate: An insecti-
cide/herbicide formed from salts of three toxic
metals: copper, chromium, and arsenic. This
salt is used extensively as a wood preservative
in pressure-treating operations. It is highly toxic
and water-soluble, making it a relatively mobile
contaminant in the environment.

Cleanup: Actions taken to eliminate a release
or threat of release of a hazardous substance.
The term "cleanup" sometimes is used inter-
changeably with the terms remedial action.
removal action, response action, or corrective
action.

Closure: The process by which a landfill stops
accepting wastes and is shut down under Federal
i:uiaelines mat ensure the protection of the
puolic and the environment.

Comment Period: A specific interval during
which the puolic can review and comment on
various documents and  EPA actions related to
site cleanup. For example, u comment period is
provided when the EPA proposes to add sites to
the NTL. Ai.so. there is minimum 3-week
comment period for community members to
review und comment on the remedy proposed to
clean up a site.

Community Relations: The EPA effort to
estaDlish and maintain two-way communication
with the puolic. The goals of community
relations programs include creating an under-
standing of EPA programs and related actions.
assuring public input into decision-making
processes related to affected communities, and
making certain that the  Agency is aware of. and
responsive to. public concerns.  Specific com-
munity relations activities are required in
relation to Superfund cleanup actions [see
Comment Period].

Comprehensive Environmental Re-
sponse, Compensation, and Liability
Act (CERCLA):  Congress enacted the
CERCLA. known as Superfund. in 19X0 to
respond directly to hazardous waste problems
that may pose a threat to the public health and
the environment.  The EPA administers the
Superfund program.

Confluence: The place where two bodies of
water, such  as streams or rivers, come together.

Confined Aquifer: An aquifer in which
groundwater is confined tinder pressure that is
•ujpuficantiy greater than atmospheric pressure.

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                                                                        GLOSSARY
Dike: A low wail that can act us a barrier to
prevent a spill from spreading.

Dioxin: An organic chemical by-product of
pesticide manufacture which is known to be one
of the most toxic man-made chemicals.

Disposal:  Final placement or destruction of
toxic, radioactive, or other wastes: surplus or
banned pesticides or other chemicals: polluted
soils: and drums containing hazardous materials.
Disposal may be accomplished through the use
of approved secure landfills, surface impound-
ments, land farming, deep well injection, or
incineration.

Downgradient: A downward hydroiouit
slope that causes groundwater to move toward
lower elevations.  Therefore, wells ik>wn^radi-
ant of a contaminated groundwater source are
prone to receiving pollutants.

Ecological Assessment: A study of the
impact of man-made or natural activity on living
creatures and their environment

Effluent: Wastewater. treated or untreated.
that flows out of a treatment plant, sewer, or
industrial outfall.  Generally refers to wastes
discharged into surface waters.

Emission: Pollution discharged into the
atmosphere from smokestacks, other vents, and
surface areas of commercial or industrial facili-
ties.

Emulsifiers:  Substances that help in mixing
materials that do not normally mix; e.g.. oil and
water.

Endangerment Assessment: A study
conducted to determine the risks posed to public-
health or the environment by contamination at
NPL sites. The EPA or the State conducts the
study when a legal action is to be taken to direct
the potentially responsible parties to clean up a
site or pay for the cleanup. An endangerment
assessment supplements an investigation of the
site hazards.

Enforcement: EPA. State, or local legal
actions taken against parties to facilitate
settlements:  to compel compliance with laws.
rules, regulations, or agreements: or to obtain
penalties or criminal sanctions for violations.
Enforcement procedures may vary, depending
on the specific requirements of different
environmental laws and related regulatory
requirements. Under CERCLA. for example.
the EPA will seek to require potentially
responsible parties to clean up a Superfund
site or pay for the cleanup (see Cost Recov-
ery}.

Erosion: The wearing away of land surface
by wind or water. Erosion occurs naturally
from weather or surface runoff, but can be
intensified by such land-related practices as
farming, residential or industrial develop-
ment, road building, or timber-cutting. Ero-
sion may spread surface contamination to off-
site locations.

Estuary (estuarine): Areas where fresh
water from rivers and salt water from
nearshore ocean waters are mixed. These
areas may include bays, mouths of rivers, salt
marshes, and lagoons.  These water ecosys-
tems shelter and" feed marine life, birds, and
wildlife.

Evaporation Ponds: Areas where sewage
sludge or other watery wastes are dumped and
allowed to dry out.

Feasibility Study: The analysis of the
potential cleanup alternatives for a site. The
feasibility study usually starts as soon as the
remedial investigation is underway. In this
volume, the feasibility study is referred to as a
site study [see also Remedial Investigation].

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                                                                        GLOSSARY
Hot Spot:  An area or vicinity of a site contain-
ing exceptionally high levels of contamination.

Hydrocarbons: Chemical compounds that
consist entirely of hydrogen and caroon.

Hydrology:  The properties, distribution, and
circulation of water.

Hydrogeology: The geology of groundwater.
with particular emphasis on the chemistry and
movement of water.

Impoundment: A  body of water or sludge
confined by a dam. dike, floodgate, or other
barrier.

Incineration: A group of treatment technolo-
gies involving destruction of waste by controlled
burning at high temperatures, e.g.. burning
sludge to reduce the remaining residues to a
non-burnable ash that can be disposed of safely
on land, in some waters, or in underground
locations.

Infiltration:  The movement of water or
other liquid down through soil from precipita-
tion (rain or snow) or from application of
wastewater to the land surface.

Influent: Water, wastewater. or other liquid
flowing into a reservoir, basin, or treatment
plant.

Injection Well: A well into which waste
fluids are placed, under pressure, for purposes
of disposal.

Inorganic Chemicals: Chemical sub-
stances of mineral origin, not of basic carbon
structure.

Installation Restoration Program: The
specially funded program established in 197X
under which the Department of Defense has
been  identifying and evaluating its hazardous
waste sites and controlling the migration of
hazardous contaminants from those sites.
Intake: The source from where a water supply
is drawn, .such as from a nver or water body.

Interagency Agreement: A written agree-
ment between the EPA and a Federal agency
that has the lead for site cleanup activities,
setting forth the roles and responsibilities of the
agencies for performing and overseeing the
activities.  States often are parties to interagency
agreements.

Interim (Permit) Status: Conditions under
which hazardous waste treatment, storage.
and disposal facilities, that were operating
when regulations under the RCRA became
final in F9XO. are temporarily  allowed by the
EPA to continue to operate while awaiting
denial or issuance of a permanent permit. The
facility must comply with certain regulations
to maintain interim status.

Lagoon: A shallow pond or liquid waste
containment structure. Lagoons typically are
used for the storage of wastewaters. sludges.
liquid wastes, or spent nuclear fuel.

Landfarm:  To apply waste to  land or incor-
porate waste into the surface soil, such as
fertilizer or soil conditioner.  This practice
commonly is used for disposal of composted
wastes and sludges.

Landfill: A disposal facility where waste is
placed in or on land. Sanitary landfills are
disposal sites for non-hazardous solid wastes.
The waste is spread in layers, compacted to the
smallest practical volume, and covered with soil
at the end of each operating day.  Secure chemi-
cal landfills are disposal sites for hazardous
waste. They are designed to minimize the
chance of release of hazardous substances into
the environment [see Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act).

Leach, Leaching [v.L]:  The process by
which soluble chemical components are dis-
solved and carried through soil by water or
some other percolating liquid.

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                                                                        GLOSSARY
 The 60-day penod may be extended if the EPA
 receives a good faith offer from the PRPs
 within that penod. [See also Good Faith Offer).

 On-Scene Coordinator (OSC): The
 predesignated EPA. Coast Guard, or Depart-
 ment of Defense official who coordinates and
 directs Superfund removal actions or Clean
 Water Act oil- or hazardous-spill corrective
 actions.

 Operation and Maintenance: Activities
 conducted  at a site after a cleanup action is
 completed  to ensure that the cleanup or
 containment system is functioning properly.

 Organic Chemicals/Compounds:
 Chemical substances containing mainly
 carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

 Outfall: The  place where wastewater is
 discharged into receiving waters.

 Overpacking: Process used for isolating
 large volumes of waste by jacketing or encap-
 sulating waste to prevent further spread or
 leakage of contaminating materials. Leaking
 drums may  be contained within oversized
 barrels as an interim measure prior to removal
 and final disposal.

 Pentachlorophenol (POP): A synthetic.
 modified petrochemical that may be used as a
 wood preservative because of its toxicity to
 termites and fungi. It is a common component
 of creosotes and can cause cancer.

 Perched (groundwater): Groundwater
 separated from another underlying body of
 groundwater by a confining layer, often clay or
 rock.

 Percolation:  The downward flow or filtering
of water or other liquids through subsurface
rock or soil layers, usually continuing down-
ward to groundwater.
 Pesticide: A substance or mixture of sub-
 stances intended to prevent, destroy, or repel any
 pest If misused, pesticides can accumulate in
 the foodchain and containinate the environment.

 Petrochemicals: Chemical substances
 produced from petroleum in refinery operations
-and as fuel oil residues. These include
 fluoranthene. chrysene. mineral spirits, and
 refined oils.  Petrochemicals are the bases from
 which volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
 plastics, and many pesticides are made. These
 chemical substances often are toxic to humans
 and the environment

 Phenols:  Organic compounds that arc used in
 plastics manufacturing and are by-products of
 petroleum refining, tanning, textile, dye, and
 resin manufacturing.  Phenols are highly poison-
 ous.

 Physical  Chemical Separation: The
 treatment process of adding a chemical to a
 substance to separate the compounds for further
 treatment or disposal

 Pilot Testing: A small-scale test of a pro-
 posed treatment system in the field to determine
 its ability to clean up specific contaminants.

 Plugging: The process of stopping the flow of
 water, oil. or gas into or out of the ground
through a borehole or well penetrating the
ground.

Plume: A body of contaminated groundwater
flowing from a specific source. The movement
of the groundwater is influenced by such factors
as local groundwater flow patterns, the character
of the aquifer in which groundwater is con-
tained, and  the density of contaminants [see
Migration].

Pollution: Generally, the presence of matter
or energy whose nature, location, or quantity
produces undesired  health or environmental
effects.

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                                                                       GLOSSARY
 Record of Decision (ROD): A public
 document that explains which cleanup
 alternative! s) will be used to clean up sites
 listed on the NPL. It is based on information
 generated during the remedial investigation
 and feasibility study and consideration of
 public comments and community concerns.

 Recovery Wells: Wells used to withdraw
 contaminants or contaminated groundwater.

 Recycle: The process of minimizing waste
 generation by recovering usable products that
 might otherwise become waste.

 Remedial Action (RA): The actual con-
 struction or implementation phase of a
 Supertund site cleanup following the remedial
 design (see Cleanup].

 Remedial Design: A phase of site cleanup
 where engineers design the technical specifi-
 cations for cleanup remedies and technolo-
 gies.

 Remedial Investigation:  An in-depth
 study designed to gather the data necessary to
determine the nature and extent of contamina-
tion at a Superfund site, establish the criteria
 for cleaning up the site, identify the prelimi-
 nary alternatives for cleanup actions, and
 support the technical and cost analyses of the
alternatives.  The remedial investigation is
usually done with the feasibility study. In this
volume, the remedial investigation is referred
to as a site study [see also Feasibility Study].

 Remedial Project Manager (RPM): The
EPA or State official responsible for oversee-
ing cleanup actions at the site.

 Remedy Selection: The selection of the
final cleanup strategy for the site. At the few
sites where the EPA has determined that
 initial response actions have eliminated site
contamination, or that any remaining con-
tamination will be naturally dispersed without
further cleanup activities, a "No Action"
remedy is selected [see Record of Decision).

Removal Action:  Short-term immediate
actions taken to address releases of hazardous
substances [see Cleanup].

Residual: The amount of a pollutant re-
maining in the environment after a natural or
technological process has taken place, e.g.,
the sludge remaining after initial wastewater
treatment, or the particulates remaining in air
after the air passes through a scrubber.

Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act (RCRA): A Federal law that established
a regulatory system to track hazardous sub-
stances from the time of generation to dis-
posal. The law requires safe and secure
procedures to be used in treating, transport-
ing, storing, and disposing of hazardous
substances. RCRA is designed to prevent
new. uncontrolled hazardous waste sites.

Retention Pond: A small body of liquid
used for disposing of wastes and containing
overflow from production facilities.  Some-
times retention ponds are used to expand the
capacity of such structures as lagoons the
store waste.
                                       fc
Runoff: The discharge of water over land
into surface water. It can carry pollutants
from the air and land and spread contaminants
from its source.

Scrubber:  An air pollution control device
that uses a spray of water or reactant or a dry
process to trap pollutants in emissions.

Sediment:  The layer of soil. sand, and
minerals at the bottom of surface waters such
as streams, lakes, and rivers, that absorbs
contaminants.

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                                                                        GLOSSARY
Solvent: A substance capable of dissolving
another substance to form a solution.  The
primary uses of industrial solvents are as
cleaners for degreeing, in paints, and in
pharmaceutical^.  Many solvents are flam-
mable and toxic to varying degrees.

Solvent Extraction: A means of separating
hazardous contaminants from soils, sludges.
and sediment, thereby reducing the volume of
the hazardous waste that must be treated. It
generally is used as one in a series of unit
operations. An organic chemical is used to
dissolve contaminants as opposed to water-
based compounds, which usually are used in
soil washing.

Sorption: The action of soaking  up or
attracting substances.  It is used in  many
pollution control systems.

Special  Notice Letter: [See Notice Let-
ter).

Stillbottom:  Residues left over from the
process of recovering spent solvents.

Stripping: A process used to remove volatile
contaminants from a substance [see Air Strip-
ping].

Sumps: A pit or tank that catches liquid
runoff for drainage or disposal.

Superfund: The program operated under the
legislative authority of the CERCLA and
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act (SARA) to update and improve environ-
mental laws.  The program has the authority to
respond directly to releases or threatened re-
leases of hazardous substances that may endan-
ger public health, welfare, or the environment
The "Superfund" is a trust fund that finances
cleanup actions at hazardous waste sites.
Surge Tanks:  A holding structure used to
absorb irregularities in flow of liquids, including
liquid waste materials.

Swamp:  A type of wetland that is dominated
by woody vegetation and does not accumulate
peat moss deposits. Swamps may be fresh or
saltwater and tidal or non-tidal [see Wetlands].

Thermal Treatment:  The use of heat to
remove or destroy contaminants from soiL

Treatability Studies: Testing a treatment
method on contaminated groundwater. soil, etc.,
to determine whether and how well the method
will work.

Trichloroethylene (TCE): A stable, color-
less liquid with a low boiling point TCE has
many industrial applications, including use as
a solvent and as a metal degreasing agent.
TCE may be toxic to people when inhaled,
ingested, or through skin contact and can
damage vital organs, especially the liver [see
Volatile Organic Compounds].

Unilateral [Administrative] Order: [see
Administrative Order].

Upgradient:  An upward hydroiogic slope;
demarks areas that are higher than contaminated
areas and, therefore, are not prone to contamina-
tion by the movement of polluted groundwater.

Vacuum Extraction:  A technology used to
remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
from soils.  Vacuum pumps are connected to a
series of wells drilled to just above the water
table.  The wells arc sealed tightly at the soil
surface, and the vacuum established in the soil
draws VOC-contaminated air from the soil
pores into the well, as fresh air is drawn down
from the surface of the soil.

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                                                                               GLOSSARY
            Some Common Contaminants  at  NPL  Sites
  Contaminant t
    Category
       Example
  Chemical Types
       Sources
     Potential Health
         Threats*
  Heavy Metals
 Volatile Organic
 Comoounos
 (VOCs)
 Pesticides/
 Herbicides
 Pbfychtorinaiac*
 bfphenyts(PCBs)
 Creosotes
 Radiate!*:-
Arsenic, Barium. Seryllium, i  Electroplating, batteries.
Cadmium, Cobalt. Copper, j  paint pigments, photogra-
Chromium. Leaa. Manga-  :  phy, smelting, thermom-
nese. Mercury. Nickel.     ;  eters. fluorescent lights.
Silver. Selenium. Zinc     '  solvent recovery
Trichloroethviene (TCE).
Perchloroetnyiene iPCE).
Acetone. Benzene.
Ketone. Methyl chloride.
Toluene. Vinyl Chloride.
Dichlorethylene

Chlordane, ODT 4-4. ODE.
Heptachlor. Aldnn. Endnn.
Atrazine, Dietdnn, Toxa-
phene
Polyaromatic hydrocar-
bons (PAHs), Polynuclear
aromatics (PNAs),
Phenolic Tars. Perrtachto-
rophenol (PGP)
Radium-226. Radon.
Uranium-235. Uranium-
238
Solvents ana degreasers.
gasoline octane ennanc-
ers, ous ana paints, dry
cleaning fluids, chemical
manufacturing.


Agncultural applications,
pesticide and herbicide
production
Electric transformers and
capacitors, insulators and
coolants, adhesives,
caulking compounds.
carbonless copy paper,
hydraulic fluids.
Wood preserving, fossil
fuel combustion
Mine tailings, radium
products, natural decay of
granites
                         Tumors, cancers, and kidney,
                         Drain, neurological, bone and
                         liver damage
Cancers.  Kidney ana liver
damage, impairment of the
nervous system resulting in
sleepiness and headaches,
leukemia


Various effects ranging from
nausea to nervous disorders.
Oioxin is a common by-product
of the manufacture of pesti-
cides and is both highly toxic
and a suspected carcinogen.

Cancer and liver damage.
Cancers and skin ulcaratwns
with prolonged exposure
Cancer
Sources.     Toxic Chemicals  	
           Glossary ot Environment*
       What They Are. How They Affect You (EPA. Region S)
             Terms (SPA, 1988)
'The potential for risk due to these contaminants is linked to a numoar ot factors: for example, the length and level of expeaum
and environmental and health factors such as age.

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