EPA-460/3-75-010
October 1975
EVALUATION
OF INTERFACE BETWEEN
VEHICLE FUEL FILLPIPES
AND VAPOR RECOVERY NOZZLES
-• -1 \
V"!
\!
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Mobile Source Air Pollution Control
Emission Control Technology Division
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
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EPA-460/3-75-010
EVALUATION
OF INTERFACE BETWEEN
VEHICLE FUEL FILLPIPES
AND VAPOR RECOVERY NOZZLES
by
Warner B . Lee
The Aerospace Corporation
Mobile Sytems Group
El Segundo, California
Contract No. 68-01-0417
EPA Project Officer: Robert E. Maxwell
Prepared for
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of MobiFe Source Air Pollution Control
Emission Control Technology Division
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
U.S. Environmental Protection /---.
October 1975 ~ ^on 5, Idbrrr;/ (JPL-16) *
£20 3. Dearborn Street, Boom 1570
Clue-ago, IL 60604
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This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report
technical data of interest to a limited number of readers. Copies are
available free of charge to Federal employees, current contractors and
grantees, and nonprofit organizations - as supplies permit - from the
Air Pollution Technical Information Center, Environmental Protection
Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; or, for a fee,
from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road,
Springfield, Virginia 22161.
This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency by
The Aerospace Corporation, Mobile Systems Group, El Segundo,
California, in fulfillment of Contract No. 68-01-0417. The contents of
this report are reproduced herein as received from The Aerospace
Corporation, Mobile Systems Group. The opinions, findings, and conclusions
expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency. Mention of company or product names is
not to be considered as an endorsement by the Environmental Protection
Agency.
Publication No. EPA-460/3-75-010
11
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FOREWORD
This report, prepared by The Aerospace Corporation for the
Environmental Protection Agency, Division of Emission Control Technology,
presents the results of a study concerning the recovery of gasoline vapor
presently lost to the atmosphere during the vehicle fueling process. The
study consisted of a field test program in which the fit of prototype vapor
recovery nozzles was tested on in-use vehicles and an analysis of the
structure of the in-use vehicle population. These results were combined
to determine the percentage of in-use vehicles that are amenable to vapor
recovery and to quantify the problem vehicles.
Sections 1 and 2 of this report provide a program overview.
Sections 3, 4, and 5 describe the procedures used in field test and data
characterization phases. The key results are given in tabular form in
Section 6 and are discussed in Section 7. Detailed results, of interest to the
specialist, are given in the Appendixes.
111
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Appreciation is acknowledged for the guidance and assistance
provided by Mr. Robert Maxwell of the Environmental Protection Agency,
Division of Emission Control Technology, who served as EPA Project
Officer for this study.
Mr. Richard Kopa provided valuable assistance in the acquisition
of the test data presented herein.
Warner B. Lee, Study Manager
Approved by
Merrill G. Hinton,
Group Director, Mobile Systems
Meltzer,
and
Division
eral Manager
nergy Conservation
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v
1. INTRODUCTION 1-1
2. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 2-1
3. ESTABLISHMENT OF VEHICLE POPULATION
DATA BASE 3-1
3. 1 Sales Breakdown by Make and Model Year 3-1
3. 2 Attrition Factors 3.4
4. FIELD TEST PROCEDURES 4-1
4. 1 Search for Test Vehicles 4_1
4.2 Procedure Followed on Car Lots 4_1
4. 3 Procedure for Each Test Vehicle 4_2
5. CATEGORIZATION OF FIELD TEST RESULTS 5-1
5. 1 LDV vs LDT 5-1
5.2 Fillpipe Commonality 5-2
5. 3 Vehicle Coverage 5-3
5.4 Vehicle Block Assignment 5-13
6. ANALYSIS OF FIELD TEST DATA 6-1
6. 1 Type of Analysis 6-1
6.2 Results 6-6
7. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 7-1
vn
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CONTENTS (Continued)
APPENDIXES
A. VEHICLE BLOCK COMPOSITION A- 1
B. VEHICLE BLOCK DATA SUMMARY B-1
C. COMPUTER PRINTOUT OF VEHICLE/NOZZLE
DATA BY SEARCH CATEGORY C-1
D. VEHICLE BLOCKS IN EACH SEARCH CATEGORY D-i
Vlll
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FIGURES
4-1. Sample Field Data Sheet 4-3
4-2. Nozzle Fit Code Logic Diagram 4_5
5-1. Vehicle Coverage for Grand Total LDV 5_4
5-2. Vehicle Coverage for Domestic LDV 5_5
5-3. Vehicle Coverage for Import LDV 5_6
5-4. Vehicle Coverage for General Motors LDV 5.7
5-5. Vehicle Coverage for Chevrolet LDV 5.3
5-6. Vehicle Coverage for Ford Motor Company LDV 5.9
5-7. Vehicle Coverage for Ford Division LDV 5-10
5-8. Vehicle Coverage for Chrysler Corporation LDV 5-11
5-9. Vehicle Coverage for Plymouth LDV 5-12
6-1. Analysis of Nozzle Fit Data - Input Data Format 6-2
6-2. Analysis of Nozzle Fit Data - Search Categories 6-3
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TABLES
3-1. Model Year Sales Figures, Domestic Passenger
3-2
3-3
6-1
6-2
6-3.
Attrition Factors
Estimated In-Use Vehicle Population
Analysis of Nozzle Fit Data — Printout Data Format . . . .
Nozzle Fit Characteristics, Categories of Seal
Nozzle Fit Characteristics, Categories of Fillpipe
Seal Problems
. . 3-5
3-6
6-4
6-7
6-8
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1. INTRODUCTION
A number of the transportation control plans promulgated by
EPA require the installation of control devices at gasoline service stations
that prevent the emission of 90 percent of the hydrocarbons presently lost
during vehicle fueling. This requirement pertains to the current in-use
vehicle population. However, a mechanism is provided for exempting
certain classes of vehicles where it is impractical to comply due to vehicle
fillneck configuration, location, or other design features.
Two major problems exist with the regulations as currently
worded. First, it is not clear how a given system is to be approved or
certified as being 90 percent effective. Depending upon the test procedures
used and vehicles selected for testing, one can measure a wide range of
control efficiencies for a given system. Secondly, it is not clear what
vehicles, if any, may be exempted from the requirements. If enough vehicles
were excluded, nearly any system could be certified.
EPA has recently proposed detailed test procedures for mea-
suring the effectiveness of vapor recovery systems. The proposed procedures
clarify what is meant by 90 percent effectiveness and establish how a service
station owner can certify that his control system meets the reqidrements of
the regulations. Reduced control levels have been proposed for smaller
stations, with the smallest stations being exempted from control. The pro-
posed test procedures involve the fueling of a representative sample of vehicles
at an operational service station equipped with the system to be certified.
Specific ground rules governing the composition of the test fleet are yet to be
established for assurance that the measured system recovery efficiency re-
flects that which would be expected during regular commercial operations.
If any vehicles are to be exempted from the vapor recovery requirements,
they will be identified as vehicles that may be excluded from the certification
fleets.
1-1
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In support of this activity, the principal objectives of this
study were (1) to evaluate the compatibility of three prototype vapor recovery
nozzles with the fillnecks of the in-use light duty vehicle population, in
terms of apparent ability to achieve a tight seal as is required in displace-
ment vapor recovery systems; and (2) to identify those vehicles with interface
problems, including classification of the problem type and determination of
the percent of the total vehicle population represented by the class of problem.
It must be emphasized that these were not comparison tests
of the three nozzles, -which are designated herein simply as nozzles A, B, and
C. Rather, they were selected to represent a cross section of current
design of vapor recovery nozzles. The required information concerning
nozzle access was obtained by nozzle insertion only, with no flow tests being
conducted. The quality of the seal was determined by visual inspection
and subjective judgment. Without flow testing, it is not appropriate to make
detailed comparisons between the three nozzles.
The data of this report are, in many cases, tabulated in terms
that include a separate listing for each of several domestic auto makers.
This was done for information purposes only, and is not intended as a com-
parison of any effort made by these manufacturers since, at the time of
manufacture of these vehicles, there were no vapor recovery standards upon
which to design.
1-2
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2. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
A field test program was conducted in which the fit of three
prototype vapor recovery nozzles was tested on 860 vehicles. The tests
were performed on vehicles found on the lots of new and used car dealers who
agreed to cooperate with these tests. The field test data were then classified
into groupings by manufacturer and fillpipe/vapor recovery nozzle character-
istics. The number of in-use vehicles represented by each group was
estimated by means of several data sources in the automotive literature.
These data were then subjected to a computer sorting analysis that quantified
the nozzle fit characteristics of the in-use vehicle population from the model
years 1975 through I960. The results define the percentage of in-use vehicles
(and the specific make and model) that fall into various categories of nozzle
seal and non-seal. This permits ready determination of the percentage of
vehicles that can be effectively covered by a vapor recovery implementation
program of varying degrees of constraint and identifies the problem vehicles
and nature of the problem in each case.
Based on the results of this survey, an apj irent tight seal can
be achieved on 90 to 96 percent of the in-use vehicle popuL> on, if hand held
situations are included. Unless a "no-seal, no-flow" device incorporated
in the nozzle design, it is not practical to assume that a service: fetation
attendant will regularly hold the nozzle in the sealed position. Co-isidering
only situations where the nozzle can be latched in a hands-off posit ion, with
an apparent tight seal being achieved, the coverage drops to 75 to 91 percent.
Further restricting the data to cases where the nozzle can be latched ^nd
sealed in only the vertical position reduces the coverage to 60 to 83 percent
of the vehicle population.
A significant potential problem area concerns low-angle fill-
pipes . Nearly 40 percent of the vehicle population is estimated to have a
fillpipe angle of less than 30 degrees. This creates the possibilities of
liquid spillage upon nozzle removal, and sloshing in the fillpipe, which may
2-1
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cause premature shutoff and/or overflo-w of liquid into the vapor return line.
This aspect will have to be evaluated in the field under flow conditions.
It is also of importance to investigate the magnitude of vapor
losses to be expected from those pre-evaporative emission control cars that
utilize a fuel system vent other than the fill cap. It is estimated that
approximately 20 percent of the car population is in this category.
2-2
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3. ESTABLISHMENT OF VEHICLE
POPULATION DATA BASE
3. 1 SALES BREAKDOWN BY MAKE AND MODEL YEAR
The purpose of this task was to prepare a tabulation of vehicle
models and sales breakdown data for each manufacturer for each model year
covering the period mid-1975 through I960. The principal data sources used
for this task were those periodicals and reference publications that sum-
marize vehicle sales by make and model. The main publications used were:
a. Annual almanac and weekly editions of Automotive News
b. Wards Automotive Reports (yearbook and weekly reports)
c. Branham Automobile Reference Book
d. Auto market reports
e. Annual Engineering Specifications and Statistical Issues
of Automotive Industries
A sample of one of these tabulations is given in Table 3-1.
Included for each entry is the percentage of total sales for that category for
that model year. The four categories of sales are domesL light duty
vehicles (LDV), import LDV, domestic light duty trucks (LI "^ and import
LDT. Throughout this report, the vehicle categories of LDV and LDT are
identical to the EPA definitions as given in the Federal Register, 40 CFR 86.
Annual sales figures are not identical with model year production figures, but
the former numbers are the only ones available in the extent and form required
here. The difference between the two sets of figures will tend to disappear
over a series of model years, however, and in any event •will not make a
detectable influence on the final results of this report.
The data sources listed above gave adequate sales breakdown
of the LDV population, but were incomplete for LDT. This was inherent in
these sources since it has long been common practice to classify the LDT
sales for each manufacturer according to gross vehicle weight, or other
3-1
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Table 3-1. Model Year Sales Figures, Domestic Passenger Car Summary, Chevrolet
U)
N)
^\ Model
^\Year
Model ^\^
Monza
Vega
Vega Wagon
Nova
Chevelle
Chevelle Wagon
Monte Carlo
Bel Air
Impala
Caprice
Chevrolet Wagon
Camaro
Corvette
Biscayne
Caprice Wagon
Corvair
Nova and Chew II
Total
Domestic total
Sales and Percent Sales per Model Year
1975
Sales
45,679
78,670
33, 567
1Z9.795
106, 171
20,618
1(4,426
8, 148
88,455
50,057
31, 142
66,876
20,867
r.
1.47
2. 54
1 08
4 18
3 42
0 66
3 69
0.26
2 85
1.61
1 00
2. 16
0.67
1974
Sales
4, 1 12
241,653
84,654
302,811
290,618
42,787
275,450
20, 198
311,696
137,370
82,787
130,446
29. 114
1,953,696
7,240,762
%
06
3. 34
1. 17
4. 18
4.01
0.60
3 80
0.28
4 30
1.90
1 14
1 80
0.40
26.98
1973
Sales
338,289
113,364
330,445
312,420
52,463
297,130
35,537
475,942
192,473
153,046
105,592
29, 303
206
2,436,211
9,545, 186
1
3 54
1. 19
3 64
3.27
0.55
3. 11
0. 37
4.99
2.02
1.60
1. 11
0. 31
0.002
25. 52
1972
Sales
246,881
60,446
297,955
298,028
45,972
192,919
37,959
537,268
172,521
158,931
45, 184
25, 149
15,024
2, 134,237
8,337,302
"„
2 96
0 73
3 57
3.57
0.55
2 31
0.46
6.44
2.07
1.91
0 54
0. 30
0 18
25 60
1971
Sales
267,033
56,410
235,553
335,378
44,776
145,787
48,786
577,313
139,272
97, 316
120,803
23,870
25,357
40,777
2, 158,431
8,204,500
OT0
3.25
0.69
2 87
4.09
0. 55
1.78
0. 59
7.04
1.70
1. 19
1.47
0.29
0. 31
0. 50
26. 31
1970
Sales
22,363
157
240,396
346,714
34, 340
121,246
57,791
457,043
67,967
93,045
142,261
22,630
28,597
27,561
1,662, 111
7, 132,426
%
0. 31
0.002
3. 37
4.86
0 48
1.70
0.81
6.41
0.95
1.30
1.99
0 32
0 40
0. 39
23 30
1969
Sales
255,527
389, 103
42,796
21,601
104,225
693,247
118,732
131,923
172,459
24,824
5,619
41,362
4,280
2,005,748
8,361,714
%
3.06
4.65
0.51
0.26
1.25
8 29
1.42
1.58
2.06
0. 30
0.07
0.49
0.05
23.99
1968
Sales
370,170
42, 189
143,901
695,499
114,479
146, 170
209,822
29, 186
76, 381
31,960
12,977
177,785
2,050,519
8, 393, 112
%
4.41
0. 50
1.71
8.29
1.36
1. 74
2.50
0. 35
0.91
0. 38
0. 15
2. 12
24.43
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Table 3-1. Model Year Sales Figures, Domestic Passenger
Car Summary, Chevrolet (Continued)
^\^ Model
Model ^^-.
Corvair
Chevy II
Chew U Wagon
Chevelle
Chevelle Wagon
Biscavne
Bel Air
Impala
Caprice
Chevrolet Wagon
Caprice Wagon
Camaro
Corvette
Corvair and Station
Corvair Wagon
Total
Domestic total
Sales and Percent Sales per Model Year
1967
Sales
24,736
102,434
23, 141
344,875
30,007
92,910
175,864
670, 106
128,006
133, 355
25,464
204,704
23, 578
1 , °71, 180
7, 566,054
"-„
0 33
1. 35
0 31
4 56
0 40
1 23
2 32
8 86
1 69
1 76
0 34
2 71
0 31
2>. 16
1966
Sales
131, 396
27, 372
376,874
31,086
115,704
228, 141
758,660
155, 172
151,449
27,728
41, 100
24,978
88,951
2, 158,811
8, 350, 365
'.
1 57
0 33
4. 51
0 37
1 39
2 73
9.09
1 86
1 81
0 33
0.40
0 30
1 07
25 85
1965
Sales
209, 152
110,682
30,609
312,451
37, 104
143,911
275,988
1,038,400
46,955
187.236
5,981
25,880
2,424, l'-'a
8, 744 4"7
-
2 39
1 27
0 35
3 57
0 42
1 65
3. 16
1 1. 87
0. 54
2 14
0.07
0. 30
'7 72
1964
Sales
186,681
137,401
30,971
273, 785
39,831
151,763
282,063
820,903
174,449
20,097
6,961
2, 124,905
7, 581,019
1
2 46
1 81
0.41
3.61
0 53
2 00
3 72
10.83
2 30
0.27
0 00
28.03
1963
Sales
233,467
249,375
63, 539
50,463
7,251
174,838
335,863
822, 128
191, 581
21,901
11,247
2, 161,658
7, 171,013
«•„
3.26
3.48
0.89
0. 70
0. 10
2.44
4 68
11.46
2 67
0. 31
0 16
30. 14
1962
Sales
271,910
277, 331
66,362
169,534
354, 342
718,421
186,915
15,239
17,975
2,078,029
6, 599,703
%
4. 12
4.20
1.01
2.57
5. 37
10.89
2 83
0.23
0.27
31 49
196!
Sales
277,954
29,562
5,688
187,822
342,894
523, 183
172,916
11,641
38,074
1,589,734
5,476, 125
%
5.08
0 54
0. 10
3.43
6.26
9.55
3. 16
0.21
0. 70
29.03
1960
Sales
223,909
287,272
398,518
550,680
219, 317
11, 153
6,076
1,696,925
6,077,865
%
3.68
4.73
6. 56
9.06
3.61
0. 18
0. 10
27.92
LO
UJ
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composite classes, rather than by specific product-line models. This
factor placed restrictions on the analysis of the nozzle fit data taken on
LDT, as is discussed later.
The information generated in this task was used to prepare
field tally sheets for each manufacturing division of the domestic auto makers
(covering both LDV and LDT) and for 26 import manufacturers. These field
tally sheets gave a complete listing of all makes and model years produced
by each manufacturer. They were used in the field tests to keep a running
account of those makes and model years that were physically tested.
3.2 ATTRITION FACTORS
A set of attrition factors was generated, based on the smoothed
results of a survey of annual almanac editions of Automotive News for the
last 15 years. The attrition factors obtained are shown in Table 3-2. This
set of figures was assumed, for the purposes of this report, to apply to all
vehicle classes. Multiplication of the sales figures described above for a
given model year by the corresponding attrition factor gives an estimate of
the on-the-road population of that model year. These attrition-weighted
numbers formed the data base framework with which the field nozzle test
data were combined. In Table 3-3, these estimates are summarized for
the on-the-road population for each of the four major catagories of domestic
LDV and LDT and import LDV and LDT.
For each vehicle covered by the field tests, the number of
vehicles assigned to that make and model year for the subsequent data
analysis was the attrition-weighted sales figure for that year.
3-4
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Table 3-2. Attrition Factors
Model Year
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961
I960
Age
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Fraction in Operation
1.00
1.00
0.994
0.985
0.970
0.951
0.919
0.856
0.754
0.604
0.431
0. 30 7
0.224
0. 178
0. 144
0. 108
3-5
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Table 3-3. Estimated In-Use Vehicle Population
Year
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961
1960
S
Domestic LDV
Population
3, 102, 141
7,240,762
9,487,914
8,212,242
7,958,365
6,782,937
7,684,415
7, 184, 503
5,704,804
5,043,620
3,768,878
2, 327, 372
1,606, 3Z4
1, 174,747
788, 562
656,409
78,723,995
% of Total
3.03
7.06
9.26
8. 01
7.76
6.62
7. 50
7.01
5. 56
4.92
3.68
2.27
1. 57
1. 15
0.77
0.64
76.81
Domestic LDT
Population
49 1 , 342
1, 586,841
1,761,456
1,417,884
1. 138,959
951,497
1,010, 154
918,607
688,768
575,383
398,744
245,563
156,908
104,693
73, 106
51,688
11, 571, 593
% of Total
0.48
1. 55
1.72
1. 38
1. 11
0.93
0. 99
0.90
0.67
0. 56
0. 39
0.24
0. 15
0. 10
0.07
0. 05
11. 29
Import LDV
Population
820,565
1, 369, 148
1,709,593
1,407,049
1,421,702
1, 170,643
975,626
843,816
588,556
397,506
245,417
148,628
86, 379
60, 370
54, 521
53,868
11, 353, 387
% of Total
0.8
1. 34
1.67
1. 37
1.39
1. 14
0.95
0.82
0. 57
0. 39
0.24
0. 14
0.08
0.06
0.05
0.05
11.06
Import LDT
Population
110, 554
170,913
226, 157
140,951
86, 176
61, 579
31,663
20,743
848, 736
% of Total
0. 11
0. 17
0.22
0. 14
0.08
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.83
Year-Total
and
Grand- Total
4, 524,602
10,367,664
13, 185, 120
11, 178, 126
10,605,202
8,966,656
9,701,858
8,967,669
6,982, 128
6,016,509
4,413,039
2,721,563
1., 849, 6 11,
1, 339,810
916, 189
761,965
102,497, 711
OJ
I
ON
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4. FIELD TEST PROCEDURES
In this section, the system used to search for vehicles is
described as well as the procedures and techniques used in the field for
each test vehicle.
4. 1 SEARCH FOR TEST VEHICLES
4.1.1 Site
Automobile sales lots were used as the sites for virtually all
of the vehicle/nozzle tests performed. On each prospective lot, the reasons
for these field tests were described and a brief demonstration given of the
procedure to be followed. An explanatory letter was also given, and the
owner's or manager's permission was solicited to perform the nozzle fit tests
on the vehicles on their lot. In nearly every case, this permission was
readily granted, and the lot managers -were often very cooperative in many
respects.
4.1.2 Search Pattern
The following search pattern was used for the field tests.
First, new car lots representing all the manufacturing divisions of the major
domestic auto makers were visited. After at least one lot had been covered
for each division, the survey was concentrated on used car lots that special-
ized in late model used cars. Next, a tour was made of new car dealerships
for imports, concentrating on the high volume manufacturers (i.e. , Volks-
wagen, Toyota, and Datsun). After this, the survey was switched to lots
that specialized in older model used cars.
4.2. PROCEDURE FOLLOWED ON CAR LOTS
A two-man team was used in the field tests. One person
walked the line of cars on the lot, checking each against the field tally sheets
to see if it had been tested. The other person followed with the hand cart
containing the test nozzles, camera equipment, and paper work. Every
4-1
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vehicle on every lot was examined. All those not yet covered by the survey
were tested, provided that the necessary physical access and vehicle identi-
fication were possible.
Some of the measurements made in the field were either sub-
jective or were in. the nature of estimates, such as fillpipe angle, nozzle
angle at latch, etc. In order to make these measurements and observations
consistent throughout the survey, they were performed by the same person.
The second person recorded the observations and took photographs of many
of the test scenes. He also observed the other operator during the nozzle
manipulations and measurements to guard against error or oversight.
4.3 PROCEDURE FOR EACH TEST VEHICLE
The observations for each vehicle were performed in the
following order.
4.3.1 Model Year
Whenever possible, this was determined from the vehicle
identification number (for domestic LDV) or manufacture date (for import
LDV). This information was generally readily accessible for late- to
moderately late-model used cars (back to about 1968 for domestics and to
the early 1970's for imports). If this was not the case, the model year
information posted by the dealer (windshield identification tape, key tag, etc.)
was used. On some lots, however, the dealer used no identification on the
vehicle exterior, and the vehicle doors were all kept locked. Accordingly,
it was not always possible to unambiguously determine the model year,
especially for the older models. On large or busy lots, it was not feasible
to contact the lot manager in all such cases, and some vehicles could not be
tested for this reason.
4.3.2 Fillpipe Location
This information was logged as shown in the sample data sheet
of Figure 4-1. The field comments shown therein mean that the fillpipe open-
ing was above the bumper and that the license plate that covered the access port
4-2
-------
PO-2
700
Vehicle Make
VEHICLE INSPECTION RESULTS
_ Model Year 1974
Model Name Omega
Body Type 2-Door, Hatch
Fill Cap Retainer
LX| 2" Std. SAE
| I 2 1/4" Std. SAE
I—I 1 3/4" Std. SAE
other 1.32x1.60
Date 6/20/75
D
Pop Open Cap
Vented Cap
LJ YES bd NO
(P/V)
Angle Between Nozzle Centerline and Horizontal
Fillpipe Angle at Entry I 30 degrees I
degrees
Description of Fillpipe
I _ 1 Flush mounted
I — I Right Side
I — I
Left side
D
Rear
D
Side Behind Door, Recessed
(Above)
Rear, Inside Bumper
L_l Cover Door |
I 1 Other
Nozzle Fit Code
A 2
B 1
r— , (B.H.) pi
I-K- ' License plate l_i Exposed
Comments
20° G, H
30°
C 1
30°
X-5987
Figure 4-1. Sample Field Data Sheet
4-3
-------
was bottom-hinged. These field notes were helpful in the subsequent data
analysis tasks.
If the fillpipe -was straight, the angle that it made with the
horizontal was estimated. If the fillpipe was curved near the end, this fact
was recorded, and the general nature of the pipe shape was indicated by a
simple sketch made on the data sheet.
If the vehicle required unleaded gasoline, the positioning and
depth into the fillpipe of the lead restrictor were recorded.
4.3.3 Fill Cap Size and Vent
The fill cap size was measured by a ruler. The dimensions
measured were the inner and the lip diameters corresponding to the dimen-
sions K and J of SAE Standard J829b, "Fuel Tank Filler Cap and Cap Retainer. "
This permitted assignment of a standard SAE size to the fillpipe, where
applicable.
If the fill cap •was marked as to type (i.e. , vented or not vented)
this was logged on the data sheet. If the cap was not marked, this vent infor-
mation was filled in subsequently by referring to catalogs of fill cap manu-
facturers.
4.3.4 Nozzle Fit Tests
Each of the three vapor recovery nozzles -was inserted into the
fillpipe and a fit code assigned in accordance with the fit code logic diagram
shown in Figure 4-2. The test of a good latch was the capability of the nozzle
to retain its latch when the operator's hand •was removed. The test of a good
seal was visual (i.e. , the seal surface was observed to see if it made contact
with the fillpipe all around the periphery). In the case of limited access that
prevented a full view of the sealing surface, the operator ran his fingertips
around the end of the fillpipe to check for contact -with the nozzle sealing
surface. No hoses were attached to the test nozzles.
In each case of latch and seal, the angle that the last, straight
portion of the nozzle pipe made •with the horizontal in the latched position was
estimated. This estimate was, of necessity, approximate since, in the latched
4-4
-------
NOZZLE INSERTS FAR ENOUGH FOR
SEAL TO CONTACT FILL-PIPE
NO
NOZZLE LATCHES
NOZZLE DOES NOT LATCH
:QUIRES
MANIPULATION
TO 'LATCH
TIGHT ACCESS
0 1
GOOD SEAL
BAD
1
PIPE
TOO LARGE
SEAL
INTER-
FERENCE
WITH SEAL
(Y) Qo)
1
INADEQUATE
SEAL
SURFACE
09
PIPE PROBLEM
1
TOO SMALL
NOZZLE
LATCH
WON'T
CLEAR
/
SHARP
BEND
NOT
ENOUGH
INSERTION
DEPTH
1
ACCESS PROBLEM
1
MINOR IN-
TERFERENCE
BY LICENSE
PLATE,
ACCESS
DOOR,
TRIM, etc
MAJOR IN-
TERFERENCE
BY BUMPER,
DECK LID,
QUARTER
PANEL
PIPE PROBLEM
PIPE SHAPE (A) OR
\M TYPE
LATCHING
PIPE PROBLEM-
I
PIPE SHAPE (A) OR
CAM TYPE (B) MAKES
LATCHING DIFFICULT
1
GOOD SEAL
BAD
1
PIPE
TOO LARGE
SEAL
INTER-
FERENCE
WITH SEAL
1
INADEQUATE
SEAL
SURFACE
PE (B) MAKES
r
G IMPOSSIBLE/
\
/
1
PIPE SIZE
WRONG
CAN
NOT
SEAL
INTER-
FERENCE
WITH SEAL
1
CAN
HAND-
HOLD
FOR
GOOD
SEAL
(D
I
INADEQUATE
SEAL
SURFACE
Figure 4-2. Nozzle Fit Code Logic Diagram
-------
position, the end of the nozzle is, of course, out of sight inside the fillpipe.
The estimate was made by removing the nozzle, holding the nozzle handle in
the same position relative to the horizontal as it occupied in the latched posi-
tion, and then noting the angle of the end of the nozzle pipe.
A code was established to provide supplementary information
to the fit code number. This information defined the nature and the cause of
any difficulties encountered. For example, the comments G and H for noz-
zle A on the sample data sheet of Figure 4-1 indicate that the nozzle must be
held sideways for latch and seal because of interference with the hinged
license plate. If the vapor recovery nozzles had an access problem with a
particular car, a conventional nozzle (OPW-7) was often inserted into the
fillpipe to determine if the access problem was due entirely to the fillpipe
environment rather than the increased bulk of the vapor recovery nozzles.
Many photographs were taken (an average of about one for
every four cars) of particular nozzle fit and/or fillpipe situations for assis-
tance in later evaluation procedures.
4-6
-------
5. CATEGORIZATION OF FIELD TEST RESULTS
A total of 860 vehicles were physically tested for nozzle fit.
These tests occurred on 48 car lots and were distributed among the four
major categories as follows:
Category Number of Test Vehicles
Domestic LDV 535
Import LDV 174
Domestic LDT plus others 129
Import LDT 22
The "plus others" in the domestic LDT category refers to some
vehicles tested (vans and larger pickups) that actually come under the defini-
tion of heavy duty vehicles.
The procedures used to segregate these test vehicles and test
data into various subcategories to facilitate analysis of the data contained in
the field sheets are described in this section.
5. 1 LDV VERSUS LDT
The sales (or production) breakdown information available for
light-duty trucks was not sufficiently detailed to permit analysis of the LDT
data in the same manner as that used for the LDV. The sales figures for
LDT were broken down only coarsely into gross vehicle weight categories or
into groups that contained several models. Usually, not all the models within
a grouping were tested, and/or the fit codes of those models tested were sub-
stantially different. There were very few cases for LDT in which a given
vehicle/nozzle fit relationship could be assigned to a specific number of in-
use vehicles. This question was investigated in sufficient detail to establish
that it would be quite time consuming (beyond the constraints of this program)
to acquire additional information of the type needed. Also, there was no assur-
ance that the results so obtained would be of sufficient detail to significantly
5-1
-------
expand the data base. Accordingly, the analyses described in this report
were restricted to light-duty vehicles, both domestic and import. These two
categories account for 88 percent of the total in-use vehicle population (LDV
•f LDT) for model years 1975 through I960.
5.2 FILLPIPE COMMONALITY
Upon completion of the field testing, an investigation was made
to determine if the vehicle coverage could be expanded by fillpipe environment
commonality. That is, do some models that were not tested have the same
fillpipe environment (including access) as one that was field tested? To help
answer this question, information on this subject was solicited from General
Motors, Ford, and Chrysler. Those responses received were in different
forms and varied widely in technical coverage. The most useful form was a
listing of fillpipe part numbers (and sometimes bumper part numbers) for the
various makes and model years. The supposition, in general, was that if a
specific make (e.g., Plymouth Fury III), showed the same fillpipe part num-
ber for two or more successive model years, then these models probably had
the same fillpipe environment. If only one of these model years was tested,
perhaps the others could be claimed on the basis of commonality. This was
only a starting point, however, and other factors (especially the field notes
and photos taken during this survey) were taken into account.
A second class of commonality is possible, based solely on the
data of the field sheets. For example, the field tests included a 1970 and a
1972 Buick LeSabre, but not a 1971. No commonality information was re-
ceived from the manufacturer, but the field sheets showed the 1970 and 1972
models to be identical in all those aspects of fillpipe environment that were
examined in the field, including the nozzle fit codes. It was therefore assumed
that the 1970 and 1972 models were, in fact, identical in respect to fillpipe
environment. It was considered very unlikely that a manufacturer would
change to a different fillpipe configuration for only one model year and then
go back to the previous configuration. The 1971 Buick LeSabre was there-
fore claimed on the basis of field sheet commonality for adjacent years.
5-2
-------
Commonality by either of these two approaches was claimed
sparingly, however. There are many practical features, such as the specific
configuration of fillpipe access door trim, that can have a pronounced effect
on the nozzle fit.
An illustration of this aspect is the 1971 Chevrolet Impala.
Many model years of Impala were tested in this program, including the 1970
and 1972 but not the 1971. This model represents a very high sales figure,
and inclusion of this one model year would increase the data base by 560, 000
in-use vehicles. The manufacturer has indicated that the 1971 has the same
fillpipe and bumper part numbers as the 1972 and, therefore, presumably has
the same fillpipe environment. The 1971 model was not claimed, however,
for the following reasons. First, this survey tested 10 different model years
of Impalas and in no case did two successive model years have identical fill-
pipe environment (including nozzle fit codes) at least as far as could be de-
termined from the field sheets. Second, it was generally a characteristic
of General Motors cars that the fillpipe access was dependent on some specific
features of access door trim that might not have correspondence with fillpipe
and bumper part numbers. Thus, it was concluded that there was not suffici-
ent basis to claim the 1971 model year Impala.
5.3 VEHICLE COVERAGE
The vehicle coverage of this program was determined by tab-
ulating the attrition weighted sales figures (as described in Section 3) for all
those vehicle makes and models claimed by this suvey. This tabulation in-
cluded those claimed on the basis of commonality, as defined in the preceding
section. The computations were performed for each manufacturing division,
and for all divisions combined, for General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler.
They were also made for the categories of total domestic LDV, import LDV,
and grand total LDV.
The results are shown graphically in Figures 5-1 through 5-9.
The bar chart at the top of these figures shows the vehicle coverage for each
individual year from 1975 to I960. The total height of each bar represents
5-3
-------
OP
C!
•1
0)
Ul
I
O
o
0)
i-s
iu
TO
m
O
I-S
5"
H
o
s
CUMULATIVE PERCENTAGE OF GRAND-
TOTAL IN-USE LDV COVERED BY
SURVEY: 1975 BACK THROUGH INDICATED YEAR
OO
VJI
GRAND TOTAL IN-USE LDV, x 10°
I—*
ro \jj .e* vji o^ —«j oo -o O
a
ON
ON
00
ON
ON
ON
ON
VJ1
ON
OJ
ON
ro
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O
ON
•fi
ON
ON
ON
ON
ro
s
O OO OO
O C£ ^
Sag
m - o
^^ ^B,
rn -„
ro 3C o
""^ O ^
-o
PO
-------
SHADED PORTION REPRESENTS
10
°S 9
X
. 8
o
-1 7
LU
00
? 6
0
I/I 4
LU
o 3
Q
o
•- 1
n
-
- ,:
I \\
\' •
y//',
t*.
.\
^
V
/ ' '//
VEHICLES
XV \ '
N N
'/, ''_
\ -
COVERED BY SURVEY
?<•••
•^ N
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
Qi
100 L
^S| 90
RS-
o > 3
sS§
80
^—' LJ-I ~^
Q± 00 <
ol ~?
LuEg 70
^^ ^.j
00 UJ
LU >
o =3 60
Q 00
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
Figure 5-2. Vehicle Coverage for Domestic LDV
5-5
-------
Ul
I
*J
H-
QTQ
Ul
I
OO
0>
M-
O
I—»
o
o
fl>
OQ
I
O
CUMULATIVE PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL
IMPORT IN-USE LDV COVERED BY
SURVEY: 1975 BACK THROUGH INDICATED YEAR
s-
—J
NJJ
ON
ON
ON
VJI
ON
VjO
ON
TOTAL IMPORT IN-USE LDV, x 1(T
p
VJ1
ro
O
I
CO
^:
o
CO
o
O
m
o
DO
-<
CO
-o
o
m
CO
co
-------
5-
S 4
X
LU 3
i/>
2.
o
1-
SHADED PORTION REPRESENTS
VEHICLES COVERED BY SURVEY
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
o
< o 90
o —
n>-g
O OQ ^3
^ ^ ^ 80
i_ uu I—
S ^ v:
o:
LU > OQ
O O CO
70
60-
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
Figure 5-4. Vehicle Coverage for General Motors LDV
5-7
-------
2.5-
S 2.0
X
1.5
1/1
H)
i
a
o
1.0
0.5
SHADED PORTION REPRESENTS
VEHICLES COVERED BY SURVEY
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
o;
>-
o
00 S
o> °
LU O O
S^l
s-1 ^
pi LU o
Qi^ ^
o 100 -
90
80
-'
I>170
->• 111 D-
O O LO
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
Figure 5-5. Vehicle Coverage for Chevrolet LDV
5-8
-------
2.5
3
i — I
X
— 1
LU
00
=? 1.5
o
o L°
cc
2
- Q
< DO ^
O Q ~~
~f~ | ^ | —^
Luog 90
%^£
CO
&
—
^ a: a:
=3 o =5
O O. oo
80
70
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
Figure 5-6. Vehicle Coverage for Ford Motor Company LDV
5-9
-------
2.0
2 1.5-
X
1.0
0.5
SHADED PORTION REPRESENTS
VEHICLES COVERED BY SURVEY
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
o
a 95
u_ O
o a ^
LU QX Q; ry\
O LU IT W
fC > I—
LUR00
O
a:
LU
a_
^{^5:
> ¥2 •->
ig£
r3 o =
O U_ LO
85
80
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
Figure 5-7. Vehicle Coverage for Ford Division LDV
5-10
-------
1.5
vO
o
i.o-
o:
o
o
on
0-5
o
SHADED PORTION REPRESENTS
VEHICLES COVERED BY SURVEY
75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
<£.
LU
Q O
<=>3g
90-
^ ' ^. nn
LU ^ O OU
o — -3:
^ a: co
Q- ^ ITN
O r~
111 (_} 0s
|§^ 70
o" 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60
Figure 5-8. Vehicle Coverage for Chrysler Corp. LDV
5-11
-------
H-
(JQ
(Jl
I
o
1—'
n
O
-------
the number of all in-use vehicles of that model year, whereas the shaded
portion represents the number of vehicles covered by this survey. The lower
curve in each figure is a plot of cumulative percentage of vehicle coverage
from 1975 back through the indicated model year. These figures show the
data for the following categories in the order listed:
a. Grand total LDV
b. Domestic
c. Import
d. General Motors
e. Chevrolet
f. Ford Motor Company
g. Ford Division
h. Chrysler Corporation
i. Plymouth
Thus, referring to Figure 5-2, it is shown that the total in-use domestic LDV
of model year 1972 amounts to approximately 8. 2 million, of which approxi-
mately 7.4 million, or 90 percent, were covered by this survey. The lower
part of this same figure shows that, between the years 1975 and 1968, the
vehicles covered by this survey represent 82 percent of the total in-use do-
mestic LDV produced between 1975 and 1968. As the survey is extended
back to I960, the coverage drops to 70 percent of the total in-use domestic
LDV produced between 1975 and I960.
From these curves, it is shown that all the subgroupings of the
domestic LDV have the same general trend: relatively high coverage back to
about 1968 and then decreasing coverage for the older model years. For
Chevrolet and General Motors, the effect due to the missing 1971 Impala is
clearly evident.
5.4 VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
This represented the major task in the data analysis. This
process converted the 709 separate LDV field sheets with their supplementary
notes and comments into a more compact form suitable for computer analysis.
5-13
-------
5.4.1 Definition
The term "vehicle block" is defined in this report as a grouping
of vehicle makes and model years, all within the same manufacturing division,
that have an identical fillpipe environment. This grouping was based on the
information contained in the field data sheets plus the manufacturer-supplied
t
commonality information when available. In order to be in the same vehicle
block, all cars must have the same fit code for each test nozzle, and the
fillpipe location, access features, and vent characteristics must be the same.
5.4.2 Procedure
i
The first step was to compare the field data sheets with manu-
facturer's commonality information when the latter was available. The pur-
pose of this was to check whether the commonality information was, in fact,
a reliable guide. This was done by examining those cars that were covered
both by field testing and the commonality information. It was found that, with
a few exceptions, the manufacturer's commonality guides were good indicators
of cars with the same fillpipe environment and fit codes.
The commonality information was then examined for those
cases of partial field test coverage of an indicated commonality group. All
information on the field data sheets was considered in the evaluation of
whether or not commonality should be claimed for the models missing from
the field tests.
Next, it was necessary to assign a single nozzle fit code for
each nozzle for that vehicle block. This was an important phase of the analy-
sis and, in some cases, required some rather subjective judgment. Thus,
it often happened that two or more vehicles were tested that should have been
in the same vehicle block, according to the manufacturer's commonality in-
formation. It was not unusual in those cases to find differing test fit codes
for one or more of the test nozzles. In some cases, the use of supplementary
comments on the field sheets adequately resolved the discrepancy. Thus, a
nozzle graded as 2B may be essentially the same as the same nozzle graded
5-14
-------
4C on another vehicle. Fit Code 2 means latch and good seal (with manipulation
because of tight access), whereas Fit Code 4 means tight access and no latch,
but that the nozzle could be hand-held for a seal. The supplementary comment
B means that, although the nozzle latches, the latch is broken easily by a
relatively light blow or pressure to the nozzle. Comment C means that the
nozzle almost latches, but pops loose as soon as hand pressure is removed.
Thus, the two fit codes 2B and 4C may differ only subjectively. The nozzle
would, in this example, be assigned a single fit code of 4 for the entire vehicle
block unless there were other factors present which indicated that the alterna-
tive fit code would be the more appropriate average score.
In other cases of discrepancy, field note comments or photo-
graphs indicated, for example, that an "out-of-line" fit code appeared to be
due to the fillpipe being closer than normal to the bumper, apparently because
of production-line tolerance. In a few such cases, the out-of-line-fit code,
if a minority, was deleted in favor of the majority consensus.
There were a few cases, however, in which the difference in
fit code was major and could not be accounted for by any of the above factors.
Those cases required a subjective judgment as to whether to delete one of the
measurements from the data base or to place that vehicle in a separate ve-
hicle block regardless of the manufacturer's commonality information. The
latter was the usual resolution in these cases because the commonality infor-
mation cannot be expected to be completely precise in all cases.
There were also a few cases where models were put into the
same vehicle block, even though they had different fillpipe part numbers.
An example of this is the Plymouth Duster and Valiant, model years 1974
through 1970. These models all had the fillpipe in the same location (viz. ,
exposed, flush mounted on the side) such that there was no access factor.
Both sets of cars had a single fit code for all three nozzles. Thus, as far
as practical aspects of fillpipe/vapor recovery nozzle are concerned, these
models are the same.
5-15
-------
Models with different fillpipe part numbers were not put into
the same vehicle block if there was an access compartment with a cover door
(or license plate), even if all the fit codes were the same. The reason for
this is that the access compartment and door make the nozzle fit situation
much more dependent on slight changes to fillpipe angle or position. Con-
sequently, two models with different fillpipe part numbers, which tested the
same by the nozzles of this program, might show differing fit codes when
used with some other configuration of vapor recovery nozzle.
For all of the reasons explained above, commonality was used
sparingly, with the result that many vehicle blocks are comprised of a single
make and model year.
5.4.3 Results
A total of 439 vehicle blocks were assigned to the domestic
and import LDV covered by this survey. These vehicle blocks are compiled
in Appendix A, where the composition of each is shown by make and model
year.
The computer printout of the quantitative information for each
vehicle block is presented in Appendix B. These data, used in conjunction with
the fit code logic diagram of Figure 4-2, provide a summary of the informa-
tion contained in the 709 field sheets for LDV. The data of Appendix B are
the computer inputs for the data analysis described in the following section.
5-16
-------
6. ANALYSIS OF FIELD TEST DATA
6. 1 TYPE OF ANALYSIS
The analysis procedure may be best defined by referring to
Figures 6-1 and 6-2 and Table 6-1. The format used for input to the computer
is illustrated in Figure 6-1. The data searches that the computer performed
on the data of Appendix B are defined in Figure 6-2. A total of 39 searches
were performed. The categories of seal are divided into three classifica-
tions for each of the three test nozzles. The first covers those cases in
which the nozzle latches relatively easily in the normal, upright (vertical)
position, and seals. Fit code 1 is the optimum case in which no manipula-
V
tion of the nozzle is required, other than the simple insertion motion in-
volved in placing the nozzle in the fillpipe. Fit codes 2 and 3 mean that
some manipulation is involved, such as having to latch the nozzle in a side-
ways position to clear a hinged license plate, after which the latched nozzle
may be rotated to the vertical position. The degree of manipulation was
judged to be simple enough that it would be accomplished with no difficulty
by a service station attendant. In accordance with Figure 6-2, the first
search category directs the computer to search all vehicle I locks that show
a fit code of 1, 2, or 3 for nozzle A. The format of the resulting printout is
indicated in Table 6-1, and the actual printout is given in Appendix C. For
each vehicle block, n. denotes the number of in-use vehicles in that block.
For each search category, the computer sums all values of n. for the vehicle
blocks that fall in that search category, at the indicated hierarchy level.
The total, Ln. , is printed out. Next, that total is divided by the number of
all the vehicles at that hierarchy level covered by this survey. This latter
total is denoted by N, and is a constant for each hierarchy level. The values
of N, for each hierarchy are shown in Figure 6-1. The quotient [E(n,)]/N,
thus defines the percentage of vehicles covered by this survey that fall into
that search category. Next, the quantity N. is divided by the total in-use
6-1
-------
I
tv
155,217,527}—I \ —
FORD [ [ CHRYSLER [
1"
1
21
NF
,73
5,2
9,
61
11,353,387
7,799,154
12,754,306
9,541,774
| 16,950,980 I
40,891,360
| 27,819,871
INNER LIP ON
FILL PIPE FOR
LATCHING?
YES D
NO D
FILL CAP
NOT VENTED
AND PRE-1970?
YESD
NO n
Figure 6-1. Analysis of Nozzle Fit Data - Input Data Format
-------
I
UJ
NOZZLE
A
NOZZLE
B
NOZZLE
C
1
VERTICAL
LATCH
1, 2, 3
1
FILL PIPE
ANGLE
<30°
1
ANY LATCH
POSITION
1,2, 2', 3, 3'
1
FILL PIPE
ANGLE
<30°
1
ANY LATCH
POSITION OR
HAND -HOLD
4, V, 5, 5'
1
4, 5, 18, 19,
20, 21, 22,
23, 24
Figure 6-2. Anah sis of Nozzle Fit Data - Search Categories
-------
Table 6-1. Analysis of Nozzle Fit Data - Printout Data Format
For each of the 39 search categories of Figure 6-2, the results are given in the form
of percentage of vehicles in that search category, for each hierarchy level.
A sample printout format is shown below.
Search Category 1
Nozzle A, Fit Code of (1, 2, or 3)
Hierarchy Level
Vehicles
in Search
Category
Percentage of Vehicles
Covered by this Survey
that Fall in Search
Category
(Vehicles Covered by this Survey
Total Vehicle Population
Total LDV
Import LDV
Domestic LDV
General
Motors LDV
Ford LDV
Chrysler LDV
L(nl)T/NT
/N
E(nl)G
L(nl}C
i i
E(nl)G/NG
N /N
V'z
N /N
1
N^ /N,
"Vehicles Covered by this Survey" represents the sum o£ vehicles claimed on the basis of
physical testing, and those claimed on the basis of fillpipe environment commonality.
All vehicle numbers are attrition-weighted (on-the-road vehicles).
-------
vehicles in that hierarchy level. The latter value, denoted by N2, is a constant
for each hierarchy level, and the numerical values are given in Figure 6-1.
The quotient N./N2 therefore defines the percentage of the total vehicle popu-
lation that is covered by this survey, at the indicated hierarchy level. In all
cases, vehicle numbers refer to the in-use population for model years mid -
1975 through I960.
Referring again to Figure 6-2, the next category of seal
includes those cases in -which the nozzle cannot be rotated to the normal
vertical position after latching; that is, the nozzle must remain in a side-
ways position due to some sort of interference. These cases may present
difficulties with some nozzle designs that rely on gravity separation of liquid
and vapor within the nozzle body. The fit codes that cover these additional
cases for nonvertical latch are 2' and 3'.
The third category of seal includes those cases in which the
nozzle can be hand-held for a seal, as covered by the additional fit codes of
4, 4', 5, and 5'. Fit codes 4 and 5 mean that the nozzle will not latch.
Fit codes 4' and 5' cover those few cases in which the nozzle latches,
but, because of a sharp bend in the fillpipe, the nozzle sealing surface
does not make full contact around the periphery of the fillpipe. Addi-
tional hand pressure by the operator can effect a seal in these cases,
however.
In addition to the above searches, it is o£ interest to quantify
those cars which, even though there is a latch and seal, may present some
problems with spillage upon nozzle removal, because of a shallow fillpipe
angle. For purposes of this report, an estimated fillpipe angle of less than
30 deg to the horizontal is considered to represent a potential problem in
this respect.
The searches defined above are performed separately for
each nozzle; thus, there are 15 search categories covering the various
categories of seal.
The next major area of analysis -was to define and quantify
the various categories of non-seal. Nine categories were selected as
6-5
-------
covering the spectrum of non-seal events observed during the field testing.
These are listed in Figure 6-2. These non-seal categories are searched
separately for nozzles A and C, for a total of 18 searches. The reason for
omitting nozzle B is that it is intermediate in virtually every case between
nozzles A and C with respect to the frequency of non-seal of each category.
Nozzle A showed the highest occurrence of non-seal events and nozzle C the
least. The results for these two nozzles therefore represent, approximately,
the range of coverage afforded by the present generation of vapor recovery
nozzles.
Additionally, it was of interest to segregate all the cases of
non-latching into one group. The applicable fit codes are shown in Figure 6-2.
This category was searched separately for nozzles A and C. It was next of
interest to identify what may be termed the hard-core problem vehicles;
those which showed non-seal for all three test nozzles. This is called the
category of total non-seal in Figure 6-2.
The remaining three search categories cover physical aspects
of the fillpipe or cap. The first of these identifies those cases in which a
latch is not possible (with nozzle designs of the type used in this program)
as the fillpipe contains no inner lip. The next search category identifies all
vehicles with an estimated fillpipe angle of less than 30 deg. This segre-
gates those cars that present potential spillage problems, regardless of the
nozzle fit situation. The final search category identifies those vehicles that
are pre-1970 model year and also have a non-vented fill cap. These cars
have a fuel system vent other than the fill cap and may, therefore, provide
a source of vapor loss while refueling.
6.2 RESULTS
The detailed computer printout results are given in Appendix C.
In these printouts, the search categories appear in the same order as shown
in Figure 6-2. The key results of these printouts are summarized in this sec-
tion in Tables 6-2 and 6-3. The numbers given in the latter tables are the
percentage of vehicles covered by this survey that fall in the indicated search
6-6
-------
Table 6-2. Nozzle Fit Characteristics,
Categories of Seal
Category
of Light
Duty
Vehicle
Total
Import
Domestic
General
Motors
Ford
Chrysler
Vertical
Latch
1,2,3
A
59.9
51.6
61.0
51.9
75.9
60.0
B
78. 1
57.4
81.0
75. 1
89.3
84.4
Category of Light
Duty Vehicle
Total
Import
Domestic
General Motors
Ford
Chrysler
C
82.8
60.7
85.9
79. 1
93.0
91.8
Any Latch
Position
1 ? ? ' 3 ^ '
!,£.,£. , J , J
A
75.6
52. 1
78.9
71.4
91.2
79.2
B
86.3
57.4
90.4
84.4
98.3
95.3
Vertical Latch and
Fillpipe Angle >30°
A B
32.4 44.2
48.8 54.1
30.2 42.8
30.6 48.2
37.1 40.4
16.3 31.9
C
47.5
56.9
46. 1
53.2
41. 1
34.8
C
90.9
60.7
95.2
91.3
100.0
97. 3
Any Latch
Position or
Hand -Ho Id
1,2,2', 3,3',
4,4',5,5'
A
90.5
84.9
91.3
87.0
97. 8
93.6
B
93. 1
86.7
93.9
89.6
99.3
99.2
C
96.1
90.4
96.9
93.8
100.0
99.9
Any Latch Position
and Fillpipe
Angle >30°
A B
41.1 48.1
49.4 54.1
40.0 47.3
45.5 54.8
38.4 42.2
26.7 35.1
C
51.9
56.9
51. 1
60.4
43. 9
37. 1
Numbers represent the percentage of vehicles covered by this survey
that fall in the indicated search category for nozzles A, B, and C.
The code numbers for each search category refer to the applicable fit
code, as defined in Figure 4-2 and Appendix B.
6-7
-------
Table 6-3. Nozzle Fit Characteristics, Categories of Fillpipe
Seal Problems
i
00
Categories of Non-Sea!
Category
of Light
Duty
Vehicle
Total
Import
Domestic
General
Motors
Ford
Chrysler
Major
Access
(241
A
3.9
1 4
4. 3
8 4
0.0
0.0
C
i. I
0 6
2 3
4 6
0.0
0.0
Minor
Access
(231
A
0 9
0 0
1.0
1 1
0 0
2 6
C
0. 3
0 0
0. 3
0 6
0. 0
0 6
Sharp
Bend
(221
A
2 4
6.8
1.7
1. 4
0.7
2.6
C
0. 5
3 2
0. 1
0.0
0.0
0.4
Pipe too
Large
(6, 9, "12
15, 181
A
1.0
2 7
0. 6
1. 5
0.0
0.0
C
0. 5
Z 1
0.2
0.4
0.0
0 0
Pipe
Sm
(2
A
0 3
1. 7
0. 1
0 0
0 0
0. 5
all
1
C
0.0
0. 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 0
Fill Cap
Device
(7', 10 ', 13 ',
16', 19')
A
0 4
0 0
0 5
0.0
1.4
0 3
C
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
Interfer-
Seal (7,
10, 13,
16, 19)
A
0 6
1 9
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.7
C
0. 3
0.8
0 2
0 4
0.0
0.0
Inade -
Surface
(8, 11, 14,
17,20)
A
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
0 0
0.0
C
0 3
1. 5
0. 1
0 3
0.0
0.0
Lead Re-
Interfer-
ence
(asterisk)
A
0.2
0.7
0 1
0 2
0.0
0.0
C
0. 1
0 8
0.0
0 0
0.0
0.0
Non-Latching
(4, 5, 18,
19, 20,21,
22,23,
or 24)
A C
22 9 84
44 6 36.2
19 8 4. 5
27 0 7.8
73 0.0
20 6 30
Total
(6-24,
All 3
Nozzles)
2.8
8.0
2.0
3.9
0.0
0.4
No
Inner
Lip on
Fill-
pipe
3 8
28. 1
0.4
0 7
0 0
0.0
Fill-
pipe
Angle
<30°
39 6
3.8
44.6
31 8
56 1
60 2
Fill Cap
Not
Vented
and
Pre-1970
18 6
0.0
21 3
29 1
5.4
27.8
Numbers represent the percentage of
nozzles A and C. The code numbers
vehicles covered by this sur\ey that fall in the indicated search category. Categories of non-seal and non-latching a
inder each search category refer to the applicable nozzle fit code, as defined in Figure 4-2 and Appendix B
e listed for
-------
category. Table 6-2 summarizes the categories of seal for all three nozzles.
In addition, the two categories of latch and seal are subdivided into those cars
that also have an estimated fillpipe angle (with respect to the horizontal) of
30 deg or more. The category of vertical latch and seal (fit codes 1, 2, or 3)
and fillpipe angle >30 deg covers the ideal case in which there are no difficul-
ties (real or potential) in operational use. All the other categories contain
one or more aspects of the fillpipe/nozzle relationship that have at least the
potential of presenting some sort of difficulty with effective vapor recovery.
All of the categories of seal are of interest, however, in that they show
directly what percentage of in-use vehicles can be accommodated by present
generation vapor recovery nozzles, for varying enforcement constraints.
All the categories of seal problems are summarized in
Table 6-3. These results are self explanatory, but there are three non-seal
categories that deserve some comment.
The first is that in which the fill cap retaining device inter-
feres with the seal (fit codes 7 ', 10', 13', 16', 19')- Here, it is noted that
nozzle C shows no vehicles at all in that category. There were some vehi-
cles tested (the Datsun 240Z through 280Z) in which a retaining chain pre-
vented a hand-held seal for any nozzle. These vehicles all had a fillpipe
much too large for latching; thus, the fit code logic flow she< f required a
fit code of 18 for all nozzles. There were some vehicles that uad a hinged
cap and, in some cases, this hinge interfered with the larger sealing sur-
face of nozzle A, whereas the smaller sealing surface of nozzles B and C
did not contact the hinge.
The second comment concerns that search category in which
nozzle C showed the higher percentage of problems (inadequate seal surface,
fit codes 8, 11, 14, 17, and 20). Nozzle A showed no cars at all in this
category. The reason for this is that this fit code resulted, in virtually
every case, from a sharp bend in the fillpipe. Thus, although nozzle C
latched, its sealing surface was pulled away, and there was one area of the
fillpipe that it did not touch. In every such case, nozzle A could not be
inserted far enough to latch; therefore, it had a nonseal fit code of 22.
6-9
-------
The third comment concerns those cases in which the fuel
system has a vent other than the fill cap and, thus, would be capable of
permitting some vapor loss while fueling. This comprises pre-evaporative
emission control cars that have a not-vented fill cap. Two approximations
were made here. First, evaporative emission controls started in 1970 in
California, but were not required nationwide until the following year. For
purposes of this report, all cars of 1970 and later model years are consid-
ered to have evaporative emission controls. The second approximation con-
cerns the pre-1970 imports. The data provided by the fill cap manufacturers
often did not cover these cases. It was therefore assumed that, if there was
no information to the contrary, the fill cap of a pre-1970 import was vented.
Appendix D provides a listing of all the vehicle blocks that
fall into each of the 39 search categories covered by the computer printouts
of Appendix C. By using the data of Appendixes A through D, one can deter-
mine exactly which made and model years covered by this survey appear in
each of the search categories and the number of vehicles in each case.
In summary, the results of this program are available in four
different levels of detail and compactness. First, the 860 field data sheets
provide all of the information concerning details of nozzle fit and fillpipe
information, but in a very diffuse form. EPA is making these field sheets
available to a few qualified users. At the next level, the vehicle/nozzle
interface data summary of Appendix B compresses these data into 439 vehi-
cle blocks and presents the nozzle fit code data as well as vehicle numbers
and some fillpipe information. The computer search and printout results of
Appendix C organize and quantify the data of Appendix B by categories of
nozzle fit code and fillpipe data and represent the heart of the results of this
study. This output is compressed further to provide maximum visibility to
the key results in the overview Tables 6-2 and 6-3.
Last minute information received from one of the automotive
manufacturers has caused a slight change in the numerical data base of this
report. The timing was such that it was not possible to incorporate this
change into all phases of the analyses.
6-10
-------
At the time the vehicle block assignments described in Section
5. 4 were being performed, commonality was claimed for the 1972 and
1971 model years of the Oldsmobile Delta 88 and Delta Royale on the basis
of field sheet and other information available at the time. The new informa-
tion from Oldsmobile was more detailed, and although it did not indicate
whether or not the former assignment is correct, it was evident that it was
not appropriate to assume commonality on the basis of fillpipe and bumper
part numbers. The attrition-weighted number of vehicles concerned is
390,866. This represents a reduction of approximately 0.6 percent in the
LDV coverage of this report. More significantly, these vehicles had all
been assigned a fit code of 1 for all three nozzles (i.e. , easy latch and seal).
Consequently, this change does not affect the number of cars in any of the
non-seal, or difficult to seal, categories. This reduction, therefore, has no
significant effect on either the total vehicle coverage or the percentage of
vehicles in any of the various categories of seal or nonseal.
This change has been incorporated into the vehicle coverage
as shown in Figures 5-1, 5-2, 5-4, and 6-1, and in all related discussions
of this report. There was not time to permit reprogramming of the com-
puter operations, however, as given in Appendixes A through D.
6-11
-------
7. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
The vehicle coverage of this survey represents 70 percent of
the total LDV population for model years mid-1975 through I960. A total of
860 vehicles -were field tested, of which 709 were in the LDV class. The
question arises as to how well the results obtained from this coverage can
be expected to apply to the remainder of the vehicle population. This ques-
tion cannot be answered exactly, but it appears that the data base of this
report is sufficiently broad that the results may be applied with high confi-
dence to the total population for purposes of implementation planning. One
reason for this supposition is that the older vehicles, which show a rela-
tively lower coverage by this survey, tend to be driven less than the more
recent ones and, therefore, account for less than their proportionate share
of fueling operations at service stations.
A second factor to recall is that it is very likely that the cover-
age of this survey is significantly higher than that tabulated herein. This is
due to the limited fillpipe commonality information available at this time.
Complete fillpipe part number information was received from only one of the
domestic manufacturers. One of the others gave some generalized informa-
tion concerning fillpipe location which, although helpful in cross -checking
the field sheets, was not sufficiently detailed to serve as the basis for claim-
ing commonality.
It would appear that procuring more detailed fillpipe common-
ality information from the manufacturers would be the most efficient next
step in expanding the data base as opposed to additional field testing. The
latter was becoming noticeably less time efficient toward the end of the field
program as a higher percentage of the cars on each lot were found to be
already covered.
The abstracted survey results discussed below apply, strictly
speaking, only to the vehicle population covered by this survey, but are
7-1
-------
considered to be representative in all significant respects of the total in-use
light duty vehicle population.
A key result of this survey is the finding that it is possible to
obtain some kind of seal (including hand-hold seal) on 90 to 96 percent of the
LDV population with vapor recovery nozzles of the type tested in this pro-
gram. One of the test nozzles can latch and seal over 90 percent of the cars
provided that it can operate satisfactorily -when the nozzle is positioned side-
ways. If this nozzle must be in the upright, vertical position to operate
properly, it can latch and seal about 83 percent of the fillpipes. The most
frequent cause for having to position the nozzle sideways is limited access
due to a hinged license plate or cover door over the fillpipe access compart-
ment. One of the other nozzles is not far behind in all three categories of
seal.
Concerning the non-seal events, only about 3 percent of the
population could not effect a fillpipe seal of some sort (including hand-hold
seal) with any of the three test nozzles. The most frequent overall cause
of non-seal is a major access interference. This means that the bumper or
a substantial body or sheet metal structure impedes nozzle entry. For
imports, the most'prevalent problems are a sharp bend in the fillpipe, fill-
pipe too large, and no inner lip in the fillpipe.
The estimated fillpipe angle was less than 30 deg on nearly
40 percent of all cars, and this occurred almost entirely on domestics.
This may be a significant factor requiring some additional nozzle design
effort to prevent spillage upon removal of the nozzle after fueling.
Another potential problem area concerns the possibility of
vapor loss through fuel system vents located elsewhere than the fill cap.
Approximately 20 percent of the cars now on the road may be expected to
be pre-1970 and with not-vented fill caps and, thus, be in this category.
None of the other categories of non-seal appear to be signifi-
cant factors affecting implementation of retrofit vapor recovery techniques.
7-2
-------
The quantitative breakdown of these categories of seal and
non-sealpresented herein should be very useful for several purposes. First,
they provide specific guidelines for improved nozzle designs to provide even
more effective vapor recovery techniques. Second, they can serve as the
basis for selection of representative test fleets for certifying specific vapor
recovery nozzles. They may also be used jointly by automotive manufac-
turers and nozzle manufacturers to ensure efficient vapor recovery for
future model year vehicles.
Finally, a few comments may be made about the light duty
trucks tested during the field work. For the reasons described in Section 5. 1,
they could not be included at this time in the quantitative data analysis. There
were 196 vehicles of this type tested, some of which were actually in the
heavy duty vehicle category. These data sheets remain available for inclu-
sion in an analysis of the type reported herein should the necessary sales or
production statistics by make and model become available. Qualitatively,
the pickup trucks appeared to follow the same general trends as reported for
the LDV, except that major access problems were seldom encountered. Some
cases of a sharp fillpipe bend were observed, and a low fillpipe angle was not
uncommon. The vans characteristically had a sharp bend in the fillpipe that
prevented a seal with two or more of the test nozzles.
7-3
-------
APPENDIX A
VEHICLE BLOCK COMPOSITION
(This listing is restricted to those vehicles covered by this Survey)
LEGEND
The group of letters and digits in the left hand column is the vehicle
block designation. The center column is the vehicle make, and the right hand
column is the model year. Thus, all Chevrolets have a vehicle block desig-
nation beginning with "C", and all Chevelles are denoted by the number 5.
The 1974 Chevelle, therefore, comprises vehicle block C5B.
A-l
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
CHEVROLET
C 1 ' MONZA 75
C 2A VEGA 75
C 2B VEGA 74
C 2C VEGA 73
C 2D VEGA 72, 71
C 3A VEGA WAGON 75
C 3B VEGA WAGON 74
C 3C VEGA WAGON 73-*71
C 4A NOVA 75
C 4B NOVA 74
C 4C NOVA 73
C 4D NOVA 72
C 4E NOVA 70
C 5A CHEVELLE 75
C 5B CHEVELLE 74
C 5C CHEVELLE 73-^70
C 5D CHEVELLE 69, 68
C 5E CHEVELLE 67
C 5F CHEVELLE 66
C 5G CHEVELLE 65
C 6A MONTE CARLO 75
C 6B MONTE CARLO 74
C 6C MONTE CARLO 73
C 6D MONTE CARLO 72
C 6E MONTE CARLO 71
C 6F MONTE CARLO 70
A-2
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
CHEVROLET (CONT'D)
C 7A BEL AIR 74
C 7B BEL AIR 72
C 7C BELAIR 68
C 7D BELAIR 64
C 8A IMPALA 75
C 8B IMPALA 74
C 8C IMPALA 73
C 8D IMPALA 72
C 8E IMPALA 70
C 8F IMPALA 69
C 8G IMPALA 68
C 8H IMPALA 66
C 81 IMPALA 65
C 8J IMPALA 63
C 9A CAPRICE 75
C 9B CAPRICE 74
C 9C CAPRICE 73, 72
C 9D CAPRICE 71
C 9E CAPRICE 70
C 9F CAPRICE 69
C 10A CAMARO 75
C 10B CAMARO 74
C IOC CAMARO 73
C 10D CAMARO 72-^-70
C 10E CAMARO 69
C 10F CAMARO 68, 67
A-3
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
CHEVROLET (CONT'D)
I
C 11A CORVETTE 75
C 11B CORVETTE 74-*72
C 11C CORVETTE 71-*-66
, C 12 BISCAYNE 67, 66
C 13 CHEVY II (NOVA) 63
C 14 WAGON, CHEVROLET 75
(CAPRICE ESTATE)
C 15 WAGON, CHEVELLE 75
C 15B WAGON, CHEVROLET 74—67
WAGON, CHEVELLE 74, 73
C 15C WAGON, CHEVELLE 66
A-4
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
PONTIAC
PO 1 ASTRE 75
75
74
73
72
75
74
73
72
70
69
68
67
72
69
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
PO
2A
2B
2C
2D
3A
3B
3C
3D
4A
4B
4C
4D
5A
5B
6A
6B
6C
6D
6E
7A
7B
VENTURA
VENTURA
VENTURA
VENTURA
LE MANS
LE MANS
LE MANS
LE MANS
TEMPEST
TEMPEST
TEMPEST
TEMPEST
CATALINA
CATALINA
BONNEVILLE
BONNEVILLE
BONNEVILLE
BONNEVILLE
BONNEVILLE
GRAND VILLE
GRAND VILLE
71, 70
69
68
67
65
73, 72
71
, A-5
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
PQNTIAC (CONT'D)
PO 8A GRAND PRIX 75
PO 8B GRAND PRIX 74
PO 8C GRAND PRIX 73
PO 8D GRAND PRIX 72
PO 8E GRAND PRIX 71
PO 8F GRAND PRIX 70
PO 8G GRAND PRIX 69
PO 9A FIREBIRD 75
PO 9B FIREBIRD 74
PO 9C FIREBIRD 73
PO 9D FIREBIRD 72
PO 9E FIREBIRD 71
PO 9F FIREBIRD 69
PO 9G FIREBIRD 68
PO 9H FIREBIRD 67
PO 10 2 + 2 66
PO 11A WAGON, FULL SIZE 75
(CATALINA, GRAND
SAFARI, ETC. )
PO 11B WAGON, FULL SIZE 72
PO 11C WAGON, FULL SIZE 70
PO 11D WAGON, FULL SIZE 68
A-6
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
OLDS_
75
75
74
73
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
0
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
0
o
1
2A
2B
2C
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F
4A
4B
4C
4D
5A
5B
6A
6B
6C
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
STARFIRE
OMEGA
OMEGA
OMEGA
CUTLASS
CUTLASS
CUT LASS /442
CUTLASS /442
CUT LASS /442
CUT LASS /442
DELTA 88
DELTA 88
DELTA 88
DELTA 88
DYNAMIC 88
DYNAMIC 88
98
98
98
TORONADO
TORONADO
TORONADO
TORONADO
TORONADO
75
74
73->71
70
69
68, 67
75
74
73-*70
69
65
64
75
73
69
75
70
69
68
67
A-7
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
OLDS (CONT'D)
O 7F TORONADO 66
O 8A WAGON 75
O 8B WAGON 74-»70
A-8
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
BUICK
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
1
2
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F
3G
3H
4A
4B
4C
4D
5A
5B
5C
5D
5E
5F
5G
SKYHAWK
APPOLLO/SKYLAR]
GENTRY
CENTURY
CENTURY
SKYLARK
SKYLARK/SPECIAL
SKYLARK/SPECIAL
SKYLARK/SPECIAL
SKYLARK/SPECIA L
LE SABRE
LE SABRE
LE SABRE
LE SABRE
ELECTRA
ELECTRA
ELECTRA
ELECTRA
ELECTRA
ELECTRA
ELECTRA
75
75
75
74
73
72, 71
69
68
67
65
75
74
73-*70
69-»70
75
73
72
71
70
69
68
A-9
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
BUICK (CONT'D)
75
74
73, 72
70
69
68
67
66
64
B 7 CENTURION 73, 72
B 8 WILDCAT 69
B 9A CENTURY WAGON 75
B 9B CENTURY WAGON 73
B 10A BUICK WAGON (ESTATE) 75
B 10B BUICK WAGON (ESTATE) 71
B IOC BUICK WAGON (SPECIAL) 67
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
6A
6B
6C
6D
6E
6F
6G
6H
61
RIVIERA
RIVIERA
RIVIERA
RIVIERA
RIVIERA
RIVIERA
RIVIERA
RIVIERA
RIVIERA
A-10
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
CADILLAC
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
1A
IB
1C
ID
IE
IF
1G
1H
11
1J
IK
1L
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
2F
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
DE VILLE
EL DORADO
EL DORADO
EL DORADO
EL DORADO
EL DORADO
EL DORADO
FLEETWOOD
FLEETWOOD
FLEETWOOD
FLEETWOOD
FLEETWOOD
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67, 66
65
63
62
74
73
72, 71
70
69
67
70
68
67
66
63
A-ll
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
FORD
F 1A PINTO 75
F IB PINTO 74->70
F 2A PINTO WAGON 75
F 2B PINTO WAGON 74-> 72
F 3A MUSTANG II 75
F 3B MUSTANG II 74
F 3C MUSTANG 73-*71
F 3D MUSTANG 70
F 3E MUSTANG 69
F 3F MUSTANG 68
F 3G MUSTANG 67-»64
F 4A MAVERICK 75
F 4B MAVERICK 74->69
F 5 GRANADA 75
F 6 ELITE 75
F 7A TORINO 75
F 7B TORINO 74
F 7C TORINO 73, 72
F 7D TORINO 71
F 7E TORINO 70
F 7F TORINO/FAIR LANE 69
F 7G TORINO/FAIR LANE 68, 67
F 7H FAIR LANE/FAIR LANE 500 62
F 8A THUNDERBIRD 75
F 8B THUNDERBIRD 74
F 8C THUNDERBIRD 73
A-12
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
FORD (CONT'D)
F 8D THUNDERBIRD 72
F 8E THUNDERBIRD 71
F 8F THUNDERBIRD 70
F 8G THUNDERBIRD 69->67
F 9A LTD 75
F 9B LTD 74, 73
F 9C LTD 72
F 9D LTD 71
F 9E LTD 69-*67
F 10A CUSTOM/GALAXIE 74->68
F 10B CUSTOM/GALAXIE 64
F IOC CUSTOM/GALAXIE 63
F 10D GALAXIE 61
F 11A FALCON 70
F 11B FALCON 69
F 11C FALCON 65, 64
F 12A WAGONS (ALL EXCEPT
PINTO) 75
F 12B WAGONS (ALL EXCEPT
PINTO & FALCON) 74-»63
F 13 WAGON, FALCON 69->66
A-13
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
MERCURY
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
1A
IB
1C
ID
IE
IF
2A
2B
2C
2D
3A
3B
3C
'3D
3E
4A
4B
4C
4D
COUGAR
COUGAR
COUGAR
COUGAR
COUGAR
COUGAR
MONTEGO
MONTEGO
MONTEGO
MONTEGO
MARQUIS
MARQUIS
MARQUIS
MARQUIS
MARQUIS
COMET
COMET
COMET
COMET
75
73, 72
71
70
68
67
75
74
73, 72
69
75
73
71
70
69
75
74
64
62
M
MONARCH
75
M
BOBCAT
(HATCHBACK & WAGON)
75
M
M
M
7A
7B
7C
WAGON, MONTEGO 75
WAGON, MONTEGO 74
WAGON, MERCURY 73, 72
(COLONY PARK, MONTEREY)
A-14
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
MERCURY (CONT'D)
M 7D WAGON, MERCURY (COLONY 71
PARK, ETC. )
M 7E WAGON, MERCURY (COLONY 70
PARK, ETC. )
A-15
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
LINCOLN
L 1A CONTINENTAL 75
L IB CONTINENTAL 74-»71
L 1C CONTINENTAL 70
L ID CONTINENTAL 69->66
L 2A MARK TV 75
L 2B MARK IV 72
L 2C MARK III/IV 71
L 2D MARK HI 69
A-16
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
PLYMOUTH
p IA VALIANT (INCLUDING DUSTER) 75
p IB VALIANT ( INCLUDING DUSTER) 74->70
p ic VALIANT 69->67
p 2A ROAD RUNNER, SATELLITE/ 75
FURY, FURY II/GRAN FURY
('B1 BODY)
p 2B 'B1 BODY HARD TOP (ROAD 74
RUNNER, SATELLITE)
P 2C 'B1 BODY COUPE /SEDAN (ROAD 74
RUNNER, SATELLITE)
p 2D 'B1 BODY HARDTOP (ROAD 73
RUNNER, SATELLITE)
p 2E 'B1 BODY COUPE/SEDAN 73
(ROAD RUNNER, SATELLITE)
p 2F 'B1 BODY COUPE/SEDAN (ROAD 72, 71
RUNNER, SATELLITE)
p 2G 'B' BODY HARD TOP (ROAD 72
RUNNER, SATELLITE)
p 2H 'B' BODY HARD TOP (ROAD 71
RUNNER, SATELLITE)
P 21 'B1 BODY (SATELLITE, ALL 70
VERSIONS)
P 2J 'B1 BODY (SATELLITE, 69, 68
BELVEDERE)
p 2K 'B1 BODY (BELVEDERE) 67, 66
3A FURY III/GRAN FURY CUSTOM, 75
GRAN COUPE-SEDAN/GRAN
FURY BROCHAM
3B 'C' BODY FURIES: FURY I, 74
FURY II/GRAN FURY, FURY
HI/GRAN FURY CUSTOM,
GRAN COUPE-SEDAN/GRAN
FURY BROGHAM
A-17
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
PLYMOUTH (CONT'D)
P 3C FURY III 73
P 3D FURY III 72
P 3E FURY I, FURY II, GRAN/ 73, 72
SEDAN
P 3F FURY I, FURY H, FURY in 71
SPORT FURY
P 3G FURY I, FURY II, FURY III, 70
SPORT FURY
p 3H FURY I, FURY II, FURY III/ 69
SPORT FURY
p 31 FURY I, FURY II, FURY III 67
p 3J FURY I, FURY II, FURY III 66
P 4A BARRACUDA 74->71
P 4B BARRACUDA 70
P 4C BARRACUDA 69
p 4D BARRACUDA 68, 67
P 5A WAGON, 'B' BODY 75
(SA TE LLITE /F UR Y)
P 5B WAGON, 'B' BODY (SATELLITE) 74-»7Z
P 5C WAGON, 'B1 BODY (SATELLITE) 71
p 6A WAGON, 'C' BODY (FURY, 73, 72
CUSTOM SUBURBAN)
P 6B WAGON, 'C1 BODY (FURY 71
CUSTOM SUBURGAN)
P 6C WAGON, 'C1 BODY (FURY, 66, 65
CUSTOM SUBURBAN)
A-18
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
DODGE
D 1A DART 75
D IB DART 74-> 70
D 1C DART 69-»-67
D ID " DART 66, 65
D 2A CHALLENGER 74->71
D 2B CHALLENGER 70
D 3A CORONET, CHARGER, 75
CHARGER, SE
D 3B CORONET 74
D 3C CHARGER 74
CORONET, CHARGER 73
D 3D CORONET, CHARGER 72, 71
D 3E CHARGER 70-»68
D 3F CORONET 70
D 3G CORONET 69, 68
D 3H CORONET 67, 66
D 31 CORONET 440 62
D 4A MONACO (ALL DESIGNATIONS) 75
D 4B MONACO (ALL DESIGNATIONS) 74
D 4C MONACO & POLARA 73
D 4D MONACO & POLARA 72, 71
D 4E MONACO & POLARA 70
D 4F MONACO & POLARA 69
D 4G POLARA 68
A-19
-------
VEHICLE B LOCK ASSIGNMENT
DODGE (CONT'D)
D 5A 'B' BODY WAGON 74 -*• 72
(CRESTWOOD, CORONET)
D 5B 'B1 BODY WAGON 71
(CRESTWOOD, CORONET)
D 6 'C1 BODY WAGON (POLARA) 73, 72
A-20
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
CHRYSLER
CH 1 CORDOBA 75
CH 2A NEWPORT, NEWPORT CUSTOM 75
CH 2B NEWPORT, NEWPORT CUSTOM 74
CH 2C NEWPORT, NEWPORT CUSTOM 73, 72
CH 2D NEWPORT, NEWPORT CUSTOM 70
CH 2E NEWPORT, NEWPORT CUSTOM 69
CH 2F NEWPORT, NEWPORT CUSTOM 66
CH 3A NEW YORKER, N. Y. BROUGHAM 75
CH 3B NEW YORKER, N. Y. BROUGHAM 73, 72
CH 3C NEW YORKER, N. Y. BROUGHAM 68
CH 3D NEW YORKER, N. Y. BROUGHAM 66
CH 4A WAGON, TOWN & COUNTRY 75
CH 4B WAGON, TOWN & COUNTRY 73, 72
A-21
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
IMPERIAL
I 1A IMPERIAL, LE BARON 75
I IB IMPERIAL, LE BARON 73, 72
I 1C IMPERIAL, CROWN 63
A-22
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
AMC
AM 1 PACER 75
AM ZA MATADOR 75
AM 2B MATADOR 74 •> 72
AM 2C MATADOR/REBEL 71, 70
AM 3A GREMLIN 75
AM 3B GREMLIN 72
AM 4A HORNET 75
AM 4B HORNET 73
AM 4C HORNET 72
AM 5A JAVELIN 74, 73
AM 5B JAVELIN 69
AM 6 AMBASSADOR 70
AM 7A RAMBLER 69
AM 7B RAMBLER AMERICAN 62
AM 8 MATADOR WAGON 75
A-23
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
ALL DOMESTIC LDV OTHER THAN BIG 4
STUPE BAKER
ST 1 CHALLENGER 64
A-24
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
AUDI
AU 1A FOX & 100 SEDAN 75
AU IB FOX 74, 73
100 SEDAN 74*72
90 SEDAN 73-*71
AU 1C 100 SEDAN 71
CAPRI
CP 1A SEDAN 75
CP IB SEDAN 74->71
COLT
CL 1 SEDAN 75-* 71
DATS UN
DA 1A 710 & 610 SEDAN 75
DA IB 710 & 610 WAGON 75
DA 1C 710 SEDAN 74
610 SEDAN 74, 73
DA ID 710 WAGON 74
610 WAGON 74, 73
DA 2A 210 75
DA 2B B210 74
DA 3 280-Z 75
260-Z 75, 74
240-Z 73->70
DA 4A 510 SEDAN 72 •> 69
DA 4B 510 WAGON 72, 71
DA 4C 510 WAGON 70, 69
A-25
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
DAT SUN (CONT'D)
DA 5 1200 73+71
FIAT
FI 1 850, 128, 124 73 •* 68
ENGLISH FORD
EF 1 CORTINA 69
HONDA
HO 1 CIVIC 75-* 73
MAZDA
MA 1 RX-2 72, 71
MERCEDES-BENZ
MB 1 280 SERIES 71
MB 2 300 SERIES 67
OPEL
OP 1A COUPE (MANTA 1900) 75
OP IB COUPE (MANTA) 74
OP 1C MANTA 73, 72
1900 COUPE/SEDAN 73 •* 71
OP 2 GT 73 •+ 70
OP 3 KADETT SEDAN 70-> 68
OP 4 1900 WAGON 73
PORSCHE
PR 1 914 75
PR 2A 911 73
PR 2B 911 70
PR 2C 912 68
A-26
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
1A
IB
1C
2A
2B
2C
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
4A
4B
5
6A
6B
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
8
TOYOTA
COROLLA SEDAN (1600)
COROLLA SEDAN (1600)
COROLLA SEDAN (1200)
COROLLA WAGON
COROLLA WAGON
COROLLA WAGON (1200)
CORONA SEDAN
CORONA SEDAN
CORONA SEDAN
CORONA SEDAN
CORONA SEDAN
CORONA WAGON
CORONA WAGON
MARK II SEDAN
MARK II WAGON
MARK H WAGON
CELICA
CELICA
CELICA
CELICA
CELICA
CARINA
75
74+ 71
70, 69
75
74 -» 71
70
75
74
73 -»>71
70, 69
68
75
74, 73
72
72
71, 70
75
74
73
72
71
72
70
A-27
-------
VEHICLE BLOCK ASSIGNMENT
VOLKSWAGEN
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
vw
1A
IB
1C
ID
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
3A
3B
3C
3D
4A
4B
BEETLE
BEETLE
BEETLE
BEETLE
BUS
BUS
BUS
BUS
BUS
FASTBACK/SQUAREBACK
FASTBACK/SQUAREBACK
FASTBACK/SQUAREBACK
FASTBACK/SQUAREBACK
411/412 SEDAN/WAGON
411/412 SEDAN /WAGON
75
74
71
67
75
74
73
71
70
72
69
68
66
74
71
-»72
•> 68
-> 64
, 72
->72
VW 5 RABBIT 75
VW 6A DASHER 75
VW 6B DASHER 74
VW 7 SCIROCCO 75
A-28
-------
IMPORT LDV NOT INCLUDED IN DATA ANALYSIS
The following import LDV were physically tested, but are not included in
the data analysis at this time, due to incomplete or missing sales or
production information. '
Manufacturer Model Year
Alfa -Romero
BMW
British Leyland
Austin
MG
Triumph
Fuji Heavy Ind.
(Subaru)
Jensen Motors
Lotus
Mitsubishi
SAAB
GT
530 i
Bavaria
3. 0 Si
1600
Marina
Midget
MG-B
MG-B GT
Spitfire
GT-6
TR-6
GL Sedan
DL Sedan
Wagon
Bus
Jensen Healey
Elite
Plymouth Cricket
99E
74, 71, 65
75
75
75
70
73
73
73, 72
71, 70, 69, 68
74, 73, 70
73, 69, 68
72, 70
75, 72
74
75, 74
69
74
74
71
72
A-29
-------
A PPENDIX B
VEHICLE BLOCK DATA SUMMARY
LEGEND
This appendix presents the nozzle fit code information and other vehicle
data for each of the vehicle blocks defined in Appendix A. The symbols used
in the computer tabulation are defined below.
HIERARCHY
VEHICLE BLOCK
ANGLE
LIP
Division;
Manufacturer;
Category;
P = Plymouth
0 = Oldsmobile, etc.
CH - Chrysler, etc.
DV = Domestic LDV
IV = Import LDV
Same as given in "Vehicle Block Assignment" sheets.
Number of attrition weighted (on-the-road) vehicles
in each vehicle block.
Fillpipe angle (as shown in center of Field Data Sheet).
If fillpipe is curved, angle given is the nozzle angle
(in the latched position) for nozzle A.
If nozzle A does not latch, angle given is the nozzle
angle (in the latched position) for nozzle B.
If nozzle B does not latch, angle given is the nozzle
angle (in the latched position) for nozzle C.
If no nozzle latches, or if for any other reason fillpipe
angle cannot be estimated, "-99" is entered as the
nozzle angle.
A negative nozzle angle (if used to represent the
effective fillpipe angle) is entered as 0 degrees.
1 Denotes fillpipe does have an inner lip for latching.
0 Denotes no inner lip on fillpipe (latch not possible).
B-l
-------
VENT
NOZZLE FIT CODES
2, 3
2', 3'
4', 5'
7', 10', 13', 16', 19'
1 Denotes fill cap not vented, and vehicle is pre-1970.
0 Denotes either fill cap vented, or vehicle is 1970
or later.
Same as fit code logic diagram (Figure 4. 2) with the
following additions.
Nozzle latches in vertical position, but with the
indicated type of manipulation.
Nozzle cannot latch in vertical position; must remain
sideways. If nozzle must be held sideways to latch,
but then can be rotated to vertical position, fit code
becomes 2, 3.
Nozzle latches but does not seal (e. g. , due to a sharp
bend), but nozzle can then be pressed in further for
a hand-held seal
Fill cap retaining device interferes with seal.
Asterisk (with any fit code other than 1, 2, 3): Lead restrictor interferes with
seal) (1975 LDV only).
NOTE On the keypunch sheet, the "prime" mark is written as a diagonal
2' = 2/
A "$" after the fit code means that the conventional nozzle (OPW-7) was
also tested; this was only done in certain cases which showed an access problem
for the vapor recovery nozzles.
A "1" immediately after the "$" means that the conventional nozzle did
show the same sort of access problem as that indicated for that particular vapor
recovery nozzle.
A "0" immediately after the "$" means that the conventional nozzle did
not show the access problem noted for that particular vapor recovery nozzle.
B-2
-------
Vehicle
Hierarchy
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
F
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
L
D
D
E
D
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CB DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH CV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH EV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH CV
CH DV
CH DV
CH CV
CH DV
CH EV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CH DV
CB CV
CH DV
t
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
E
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
c
D
D
I
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Block
01
01
01
02
02
02
02
02
02
02
02
02
02
02
03
03
03
33
03
03
03
03
03
03
04
04
04
04
05
05
05
06
06
06
01
01
01
01
02
02
03
03
03
03
03
03
03
03
A
B
C
ft
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
&
B
C
D
E
F
6
H
I
J
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
D
A
B
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
nl
1
114994
1414840
212512
54067
58194
58194
76929
76929
114541
58742
55799
116591
339806
189967
19518
89615
111057
107300
135716
198419
210307
246600
200474
140435
58528
37437
29482
79230
7018
60831
19980
83312
45893
46704
81232
1055326
360541
149569
85359
71628
46906
48591
185098
243841
184405
90767
274092
233967
NOZZLE FIT CODES
Angle
15
15
15
40
20
20
20
25
20
40
40
30
30
20
40
40
15
15
20
35
30
15
15
30
40
-99
20
30
20
-99
40
-99
-99
45
15
20
20
00
30
15
35
30
30
40
80
15
15
80
Lip
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Vent
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
A
01
01
01
01
02/
C2/
01
04
05
01
04
05
02/
01
01
01
02/
01
01
01
01
01
02/
02/
22 $0
22
07/
01
07
19 $0
01
05
05
21
01
01
01
22 $0
01
01
01
02/
05
23 $0
05
02/
05
01
B
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
02/
01
01
02/
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
02/
02/
22 JO
22
01
01
01
05
02/SC
05
05
05
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
02
01
02/
02/
01
C
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
02/
01
01
02
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
02/
01
01
22
01
01
01
05
02/SO
05
05
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
0 1
01
01
01
B-3
-------
u
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
I
I
I
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
V
f
F
F
CM
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CB
Ch
CH
CB
CH
CB
CB
CH
Ch
CH
Ch
CB
CH
CH
CH
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
I
F
F
F
F
F
F
LJV
DV
DV
DV
D?
DV
CV
DV
DV
DV
CV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
CV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
CV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
DV
CV
DV
DV
DV
EV
DV
DV
CV
DV
DV
U
D
C
D
D
D
E
D
D
D
D
CH
CH
CH
CH
CR
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
I
I
I
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
I
F
F
F
f
F
F
F
B
F
F
JJ
OH
Ott
Ott
Oi»
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-------
APPENDIX C. COMPUTER PRINTOUT OF VEHICLE/NOZZLE
DATA BY SEARCH CATEGORY
* *
* *
* VEHICLE/VAEOB RECOVERY NOZZLE INTERFACE *
* *
* *
* LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES 1975 TO 1960 *
* *
* *
* ALL VEHICLE NUMBEBS ARE ATTRITION-WEIGHTED *
* TO REPRESENT ON-THE-ROAD VEHICLES *
* *
* *
*********************
C-l
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 1
NOZZLE A, VERTICAL LATCH, fIT CODES 1,2, OB 3
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IHPOBT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GH LDV
FOfiD LDV
CETBYSLEB LDV
VEHICLES IS
SEABCH CATIGOBY
37947201
4027593
339T960B
14657659
12867827
5725727
PEBCEBTAGE OF YERICHES
COVEBED BY THIS SUBVEY
WHICH PALL III SEABCH
CATEGORY
59.9 %
51.6 %
6T.1 T
52.0 %
75.9 X
60. ax
V EHICL E 3"CO VETTED
BY THIS SUBVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
70.3 %
68.7 %
70. 6 55
69.0 %
78.0 %
74^8 %
O
i
*********
* * *
SEARCH CATEGORY 2
N02ZLE A, VEBTICAL LATCH, FIT COT5ifS 1,2, OR
AND FILL PIPE ANGLE LESS THAN 30 DEGBEES
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMEOBT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GH LDV
FORD LDV
CHBYSLEB LDV
VEHICLES IN
SE11CH CATTGCRY
17394167
219091"
17175076
6041690
6580822
4173465
PEBCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SUBVEY
T4HICH TK11. IB SEARCH
CATEGORY
27.5 %
2.8 *
30.9 %
21.4 %
38.8 %
43.7 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SUBVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
65.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
-------
o
I
SEARCH CATEGORY 3
NOZZLE A, ANY LATCH POSITION, FIT CODES 1,2,2«,3, OR 3*
HIERARCHY
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
TOTAL
IHEOBT
DORESTIC
GH
FORD
CHRYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
47928302
4068514
43859788
20154701
15467352
7560832
PEEC^NTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CiTEGOEY
75.6 %
52.2 %
78.9 %
71.4 %
91.2 %
79.2 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 *
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0
%
74.8
**************************************
SEARCH CATEGORY 4
NOZZLE A, ANY LATCH POSITION, FIT CODES 1,2,2*,3, OR 3»
AND FILL PIPE ANGLE LESS THAN 30 DEGREES
RIEEABCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPORT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FORD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
21854992
219091
21635901
7299162
8942371
50C7265
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
34.5 %
2.8 *
38.9 %
25.9 %
52.8 %
52.5 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70. 3 %
68.7 %
70. 6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 5
NOZZLE A, ANY LATCH POSITION OB HAND-HOLD
FIT CODES 1,2.2f .a.a'.lf1*'^, OB 5»
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPOBT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FOBD LDV
CHBYSLEB LDV
VEHICLES IS
SEARCH CATEGOBY
57368391
6626721
5C741670
24544298
16584923
8930546
PEFCElfTAGi: OP VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEAHCH
CATEGORY
90.5 %
85.0 %
9T.3 %
87.0 X
97.9 X
93.6 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SUBVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 X
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 X
7ft. 8 %
n
*****
*****
***********
SEARCH CATEGORY 6
NOZZLE B, VERTICAL LATCH, FIT CCDES 1,2, CB 3
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPORT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FOBD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATIGOBY
49484388
4477053
45007335
21192923
15138682
8054179
PEBCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SOBVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
73.1 55
57.4 %
81.0 %
75.1 %
89.3 %
84.4 *
VEHICLES COVEHED
BY THIS SUBVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.C %
78.0 %
74.8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 7
NOZZLE B, VERTICAL LATCH, FIT CODES 1,2, OR
AND FILL PIPE ANGLE LESS TBA8 30 DEGREES
VEHICLES IK
HIERARCHY SEARCH CATEGORY
TOTAL LDV 21469630
IMPORT LDV 256324
DCHESTIC LDV 2121J3C6
GH LDV 7578902
FOBD LDV 8292533
CHBYSLER LDV 50T0120
PEPCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
33.9 %
3.3 %
38.2 %
26.9 J
48.9 %
52.5 X
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SUBVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 X
70.6 %
69.0 X
78.0 *
74.8 X
O
i
Ul
***************************************
SEARCH CATEGORY 8
NOZZLE B, ANY LATCH POSITION, FIT CODES 1,2,2',3, OR 3'
HIEEAfiCHY
TOTAL LDV
IHPCBT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FCED LDV
CHiiYSLfS LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATjGOSY
54689192
4477053
50212139
23823235
16669400
9C89949
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
86.3 %
57.4 %
90.4 %
84.4 %
98.3 %
95.3 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLri
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74. 8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 9
NOZ%LE B, AMY LATCH POSITION, FIT CODES 1,2,2«,3, Ofi 3»
AND FILL PIPE ANGLE LESS THAN 30 DEGREES
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPOST LDV
DCHESTIC LDV
Gfl LDV
FORD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IK
SEARCH CATEGORY
24190734
256324
23S3S4TO
8352417
9502229
57400C9
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
BHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
38.2 %
3.3 %
43.T %
29.6 X
56.1 %
60.2 X
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 X
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 *
78.0 *
70.8 %
O
**********
***************
SEARCH CATEGORY 10
NOZZLE B, ANY LATCH POSITION OR HAND-HOLD
FIT CODES 1,2,2*,3,3',4,4',5r OF 5*
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPORT LDV
DOflFSIIC LDV
GM LDV
FORD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
58986992
6764920
52222072
25292578
16831091
9468848
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
93,
86,
1 %
7 %
94.0
89,
99,
99.2 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70. 6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 11
NOZZLE C, VERTICAL LATCH, FIT CODES 1,2, OR 3
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IHPOBT LDV
DOHF.STIC IDV
GH LDV
FORD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEAHCfi CATEGORY
52U78599
U736164
22326269
15761667
875 TOOT
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEAHCH
CATEGORY
82.8 %
60.7 %
85.9 H
79.1 %
93.0 %
91.8 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70. 3 %
68.7 %
70.6 56
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
O
***************************************
SEARCH CATEGORY 12
N022LE C, VERTICAL LATCH, FIT CCEES 1,2, OR 3
AND FILL FIFE ANGLE LESS THAN 3C DEGREES
HIEBAHCHY
VEHICLES IK
SEARCH CAT5GCRY
TOTAL
IHFORT
DOMESTIC
GM
FORD
CHRYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
223906C6
296266
22094320
7310822
8798626
5436531
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED £Y THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
35.3 %
3.8 %
39.8 %
25.9 %
51.9 %
57,0 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
6 8, 7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78. C %
74. 8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 13
NOZZLE C, ANY LATCH POSITION, FIT CODES 1,2,2*,3, OB 3«
HIEBARCHY
VEHICLES IN
SEABCH CATEGORY
TOTAL
IMPOST
DORESTIC
Gfi
FOBD
CHEYSLEE
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
57648962
4737207
52911755
25770393
16950983
9285^77
PEBCBTPFAGE OF VEHICLES
COVEBED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH PALL IN SEABCH
C1TEGWT"~"
91.0 %
60.7 %
95.2 %
91.3 %
100.0 %
97.3 55
VEHICLES COVEBED
BY THIS SORVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 *
68.7 %
70. 6 X
69,
78,
71.8 X
O
i
00
******************************
SEARCH CATEGORY 14
NOZZLE C, ANY LATCH POSITION,^? 1T~CO0£S^"1,2, 2» 03, OB
AND FILL PIPE ANGLE LESS THAN 30 DEGBEES
VEHICLES IN
HIERARCHY SEABCH CATEGORY
TOTAL LDV 24804CG9
IHFORT LDV 296286
DOHESTIC LDV 24507723
GM LDV 8709140
FOBD LDV 9502229
CHBYSLEB LDV 5740009
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
39.1 S
3.8 %
44.1 %
30.9 %
56.1 %
60.2 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SDRVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
7C.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 A
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 15
NOZZLE C, ANY LATCH POSITION OR HAND-HOLD
FIT CODES 1,2,2«,3,3»,4,4*,5, OB 5'
HIEBABCHY
TOTAL LDV
IHPOBT LDV
DOHFSTIC LDV
GH LDV
FCEC LDV
CHBYSLE3 LBV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
60901862
7051971
53849891
26464067
16950963
9529939
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FAIL IN SEARCH
CATEGOEY
96.1 %
90.4 %
96.9 X
93.8 %
100.0 %
99.9 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.C %
78.0 %
74.8 %
O
i
***********
********************
SEARCH CATEGORY 16
NCZZLE A, MAJOR ACCESS, FIT CODF 24
HIEBABCHY
TOTAL LDV
IHPCRT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GH LDV
FCBD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATirOF.Y
2474837
108151
2366686
2366686
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
3.9
1
%
4 H
4.3 *
8.4
0.0 %
0.0 %
X
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VFHICLE
POPULATION
7C. 3 %
68.7 %
70. 6 X
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 17
I
NOZZLE A, MIHOfi ACCESS, FIT CODE 23
O
(-*•
o
VEHICLES IH
HIERARCHY SEARCH CATIGOEY
TOTAL LDV 567586
IHPOBT LDV 0
DC8ESTIC LDV 5675'BS
GH LDV 323745
FOBD LDV 0
CHBYSLEB LDV 2Q38U1
PEBCIITTAGE OP VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
iHICH FALL IS SEABCH
CATEGORY
0.9 %
0.0 %
T.O %
1.1 %
0.0 %
2.6 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 31
**********
**********************
SEARCH CATEGORY 18
NOZZLE A, SHARP BEND, FIT CODE 22
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IHPORT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FOED LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
1498303
527166
971117
4C9026
119892
245531
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
2.4 *
6.8 %
1.7 %
1.4 %
0.7 %
2.6 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70. 3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.C %
78.0 %
74. 8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 19
NOZZLE A, PIPE TOC LARGE, FIT CODES 6,9,12,15, OB 18
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IHPOET LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
Gfl LDV
POBD LDV
CBfiYSLEB LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEABCH CATEGORY
635336
207191
1*28147
428147
0
0
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVEBED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEABCH
CSTEGORT
1.0 %
2.7 %
0.8 %
1.5 %
0.0 %
0.0 5
VEHICLES COVEBED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
1H. 8 %
n
***************************************
SEARCH CATEGORY 20
NOZZLE A, PIPE TOO SMALL, FIT CCDE 21
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IflPOBT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FOBD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
178185
131481
46704
r
^
0
467C4
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.3 %
1.7 %
0.1 *
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.5 %
VEHICLES COVEBED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70,
68,
70,
69,
78,
74. 8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 21
NOZZLE A, PILL-CAP BETAINEB HECHANISfl
FIT CODES 7', 10',13«,16», CB 19»
PREVENTS SEAL
HIERARCHY
VEHICLES IK
SEARCH CATEGCBY
TOTAL
IMPORT
DCMESTIC
GM
FORD
CHRYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
270650
0
270650
0
241168
294^2
PERCENTAGE OF TEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.4 %
0.0 %
0.5 %
0.0 %
1.4 %
0.3 %
VEHICLES COVEBED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 51
74. 8 31
n
**************************
*******
SEARCH CATEGORY 22
NOZZLE A, INTERFERENCE HIlH SEAL IN IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF PIPE OPENING
FIT CODES 7,10,13,16, OB 19
HIEEARCHY
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
TOTAL
IMPORT
DOMESTIC
GK
FOBD
CHRYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
360211
145673
214536
111935
0
71269
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FAIL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0,
1
,6 %
,9 %
0.4 %
0.4 %
0.0 X
0.7 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 23
NOZZLE A, SEAL DOES NOT TOUCH PIPE IN ONE REGION
FIT CODES 8,11,14,17, CE 20
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IHPOBT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FORD LDV
CHBYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
0
0
C
0
0
0
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.0 X
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
1C. 6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
O
i
h-^
OO
*******************************
* * * *
SEARCH CATEGORY 24
NOZZLE A, LEAD ixESTRICTOE PREVENTS OR INTERFERES WITH SEAL
ANY FIT CODE KITH ASTERISK
VEHICLES IN
HIERARCHY SEARCH CA"EGORY
TOTAL LDV 11561C
IFSFORT LDV 5275
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 25
NOZZLE C, MAJOR ACCESS, FIT CODE 24
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPORT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FORD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IM
SEARCH CATIGCBY
1339698
50452
12892U6
1289216
0
0
PERCENTAGE OP VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SOBVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
2.1 *
0.6 %
2.3 %
1.6 %
0.0 X
0.0 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SOBVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 51
69.0 X
78.0 %
74.8 X
O
**********
**************
SEARCH CATEGORY 26
NOZZLE C, MINCB ACCESS, Pit CODt 23
HIEBABCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPOST LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GK LDV
FCEC LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IS
SEARCH CATEGORY
169654
C
16965U
16965U
0
0
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.3 %
0.0 %
0.3 %
0.6 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
/
70
68.
70.
69
7b.
74.8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 27
NOZZLE C, SHARP BEND, FIT CODE 22
HIERARCHY
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
(Jl
TOTAL
IMPORT
DOHESTIC
Gfl
FCBD
CHRYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
288894
251157
37437
0
0
37437
PEffCESTAGE "OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.5 %
3.2 %
0.1 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.4 X
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
7C.6 %
69.0 X
78.0 %
74.8 X
****************
SEARCH CATEGORY 28
NOZZLE C, PIFS TOO LARGE, FIT CODES 6,9,12,15, OB 18
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
I8POST LDV
DOHISTIC LDV
Gfl LDV
FORD LDV
CHRlfSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CAT -
332527
207191
125336
125336
0
0
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FAIL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.5 *
2.7 %
0.2 %
0.4 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 29
NOZZLE C, PIPE TOO SHALL, FIT CCDE 21
VEHICLES IN
HIEBARCHY SEARCH CATEGORY
TOTAL LDV 0
IMFOBT LDV 0
DOHESTIC LDV 0
GH LDV 0
JFOBD LDV 0
CHRYSLER LDV 0
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.0 X
0.0 *
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.0 X
0.0 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 31
68.7 %
70.6 31
69.0
78.0
74.8 %
n
******************* * * ***************
SEARCH CATEGORY 30
NOZZLE C, FILL-CAP BETAlSEE KECHANtSH PREVENTS SEAL
FIT CODES 7«, 10*, 13*,16*, OR 19«
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPORT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GH LDV
FOfiD LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
0
0
0
0
0
C
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
HHICH FAIL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
C.O %
0.0 *
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
,3
,7
70,
68,
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.C %
74.8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 31
NOZZLE C, INTERFERENCE KITH SEAL IN IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF PIPE OPENING
FIT CODES 7,10,13,16, OB 19
HIERARCHY
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
TOTAL
IMPOST
DOMESTIC
GM
FORD
CHRYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
178454
59242
TT9212
119212
C
C
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.3 %
0.8 %
0.2 %
0.4 %
0.0 %
0.0 *
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 X
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 X
O
i
***************************************
SEARCH CATEGORY 32
NOZZLE C, SEAL DOES NOT TCDCH PIPE IN ONE REGION
FIT CODES 8,11,11,17, CR 20
HIERARCHY
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CA.EGCRY
TOTAL
IMPORT
DOHESTIC
GH
FORD
CHRYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
194656
115478
79178
79178
r
\j
0
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
0.3 X
1.5 51
0.1 %
0.3 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
3
,7
6
70.
68.
70,
69.0
79.0
74.8
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 33
NOZZLE C, LEAD RESTBICTOB PREVENTS OS INTERFERES WITH SEAL
ANY FIT CODE WITH ASTESISF
VEHICLES 18
HIERARCHY SEARCH CATEGORY
TOTAL LDV 63366
IMPORT LDV 63366
DOMESTIC LDV 0
GH LDV 0
FOBD LDV C
CHRYSLER LDV C
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SUBVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
3.1 %
0.8 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
0.0 55
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SDBVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70. 3 %
68.7 %
70.6 X
69.0 %
78.0 %
74. 8 %
O
h-»»
oo
SEARCH CATEGORY 34
N022LE A, NON-LATCHING, FIT CODES a,5,13,19,20,21,22,23, OR 24
VEHICLES IN
HIERARCHY SEARCH CATEGORY
TOTAL LDV 14495375
IKFORT LDV 3475233
DOMESTIC LDV 11020142
GM Li)V 761U3SG
FOfiD LDV 1242463
CHRYSLER LDV 196662U
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
22.9 %
44.6 %
19.8 %
27.0 %
7.3 %
20.6 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 *
68.7 %
70.6 %
69. C %
78.C %
74. 8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 35
NOZZLE C, BON-LATCHING, FII CODES 4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23, OR 24
o
I
HIERARCHY
VEHICLES IK
SEARCH CATEGORY
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGOKY
TOTAL
IMPORT
DOMESTIC
Gfi
FORD
CHBYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
5298359
2823864
2474495
21925S6
0
281899
8.
36.
nt
1,
0.
3.
4
2
5
8
0
0
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
7C.6 %
69.C %
78.0 3b
74.8 %
*******
SEARCH CATEGORY 36
TOTAL NON-SEAL FOE NOZZLES A,B, AND C
FIT CODES FOE ALL NCZZLES IK RANGE 6 THROUGH 24
HIERARCHY
TOTAL LDV
IMPORT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
Gfi LDV
FCED LDV
CHRYSLER LDV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
1757713
620349
1137364
1099927
0
37437
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FAIL IK SEARCH
CATEGORY
2.8 %
8.0 *
2.0 X
3.9 1
0.0 %
0.4 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70. 3 %
68.7 %
7C.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74. 8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 37
LATCH NOT POSSIBLE, FILL tIPES MITH MO INNER LIP
HIERARCHY
VEHICLES IS
SEARCH CATEGORY
TOTAL
IMPORT
DOMESTIC
GH
FORD
CHEYSLER
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
LDV
2399271
2190922
2083U9
208349
0
c
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
MHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGORY
3.8 %
28.1 %
0.4 %
0.7 %
0.0 %
0.0 I
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70. 3 %
68,
70,
7 %
6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
7>4. 8 %
O
i
* * * *
*********************
SEARCH CATEGORY 38
FILL PIPE AHGLE LESS THAU 30 DEGREES
HIERARCHY
TCTAL LDV
IHPORT LDV
DOMESTIC LDV
GM LDV
FOED LDV
CHRYSLER LBV
VEHICLES IN
SEARCH CATEGORY
25064263
296286
24767977
8969394
9502229
57400C9
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED EY THIS SURVEY
SHICH FALL IH SEARCH
CATEGORY
39.6 %
3.8 %
4U.6 %
31.8 %
56.1 51
60.2 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70. 3 X
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 £
78.0 %
7U. 8 %
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 39
FILL-CAP NOT VENTED AND PEI-1970
O
t\>
VEHICLES IK
HIEHAfcCHY SEAECR CATEGORY
TOTAL LDV 11812663
IMPORT LDV 0
DOMESTIC LDV 11812663
GM LDV 8209293
FOBD LDV 919900
CHBYSLEE LDV 2652136
PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES
COVERED BY THIS SURVEY
WHICH FALL IN SEARCH
CATEGOBY
18.6 X
0.0 %
21.3 %
29.1 %
5.4 %
27.8 %
VEHICLES COVERED
BY THIS SURVEY /
TOTAL VEHICLE
POPULATION
70.3 %
68.7 %
70.6 %
69.0 %
78.0 %
74.8 %
-------
APPENDIX D
VEHICLE BLOCKS IN EACH SEARCH CATEGORY
LEGEND
This appendix presents the search categories in the same order as they are
given in Appendix C. For example, the first search category consists of all
those vehicles for which Nozzle A showed a vertical latch fit code of 1, 2, or 3.
The first listing of this appendix therefore lists all the vehicle blocks which fall
in this search category. Specific makes and model years are identified by the use
of Appendix A. Thus, the first entry in Search Category 1 is the vehicle block
P 01 A, which is seen from Appendix A to consist of the 1975 Plymouth Valiant
and Duster.
As a further example of the use of Appendices A, B, C and D, assume that it
is of interest to identify the specific type and number of domestic LDV for which
Nozzle C will not latch and seal due to a sharp bend in the fillpipe. This
represents Search Category 27, for which Appendix C shows a total of 288, 894 in-
use vehicles, of which only 37,437 (or 0.4% of the vehicles covered by this survey)
are domestic LDV, and all of these are Chrysler Corporation products. Referring
to Search Category 27 of this appendix, it is seen that the only vehicle block
concerned for domestic LDV is P 04 B. Reference to Appendix A shows that
this vehicle block is comprised of the 1970 Plymouth Barracuda.
For this example, there was only one vehicle block in the category of interest,
so that the vehicle number (37,437) given in the printout of Appendix C of course-
applies only to that vehicle block. Had there been two or more vehicle blocks
concerned, the number of vehicles in each would be determined from the vehicle
block data summary of Appendix B.
The following tabulation will help to facilitate cross-reference with Appendix
A.
D-l
-------
VEHICLE MAKE
Domestic LDV
General Motors
Chevrolet
Pontiac
Olds mobile
Buick
Cadillac
Ford Motor Company
Ford
Mercury
Line o hi
Chrysler Corporation
Plymouth
Dodge
Chrysler
Imperial
Other Domestics
American Motors
Studebaker
FIRST LETTER OF VEHICLE
BLOCK DESIGNATION
C
PO
O
B
CA
F
M
L
P
D
CH
I
vAM
ST
Import LDV
Audi
Capri
Colt
Datsun
Fiat
English Ford
Honda
Mazda
Mercedes-Benz
Opel
Porsche
Toyota
Volkswagen
AU
CP
CL
DA
FI
EF
HO
MA
MB
OP
PR
TO
VW
D-2
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY I
NOZZLE A., VERTICAL LATCH, FIT CODES 1,2, OR 3
p
p
p
p
p
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p
p
p
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p
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u
C
D
A
£
D-3
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY I, (CONTJD)
NOZZLE A. , VERTICAL LATCH, TIT COJPCS I, 2, OK 3
B
fi
B
B
B
B
B
B
3
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
AM
AH
flM
AM
AM
AH
AM
AM
AH
AM
AM
AH
AU
AU
CP
CL
OS
06
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8
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/vs
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T>A 01 A
D-4
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 2
NOZZLE. A., I/ERT/CAL LATCH, FIT CODES /,2,0
AND FILL PIPE ANGLE LESS THAN 3O I>E67?E£S
p
p
p
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A
D-5
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 3
NOZZLE A , ANY LATCH POSITION, riT CODES 1,2,2',3 OK 31
p
p
p
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04
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07
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F
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L
L
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c
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07
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c
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F
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 3 (CONT'D)
NOZZLE >l , ANY LATCH POSITION, FIT COPES 1,2,2', 3 OR 31
c
c
c
c
c
f)4>
p
•H>
p*
fxp
p
p
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P
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p
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13
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03
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04
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04
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Off
07
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03
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A
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p
A
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3
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D-7
-------
t\>tv>
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 5
fiJOZZLE A. , ANY LATCH POSIT/ON OR HAND -HOLD
Flr CODES I,2, 2', 3, 3ft, 4', 5, OK S1
p
p
p
p
p
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1 1
/ 1
II
12
12
O/
01
01
01
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A
3
A
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6
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c
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T>
B
C
A
C
D
D-9
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 5 (CONT'D)
c
c
c
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c
c"
c
c
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c
c
c
c
c
c
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 5 (CONT'D)
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SEARCH CATEGORY 6, (CONT'D)
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03
03
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 6, (CONT'D)
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D-14
-------
'SEAR CM CATEGORY 7
NOZZLE £, VERTICAL LATCH, FIT CODES 1,2,0X3
AND TILL P/PE ANGLE Z.E«S3 THAN 30 DEGREES
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 8
NOZZLE £, ANY LATCH POSITION, FIT CODES /,£,£,'3 OR 3'
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 8,(CONT'2>)
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 8, (CONT'D)
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D-18
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 9
NOZZLE S/ ANY LATCH POSITION, FIT CODES 1,2,2', 3 OR 3'
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D-19
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 10
NOZZLE £, ANY LATCH P03/T/ON OR HAN£>-HOLD
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SEARCH CATEGORY 10,
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SEARCH CATEGORY 10, (CONT}D)
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D-22
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SEARCH CATEGORY II
NOZZLE C, VERTICAL LATCH, FIT CODES 1,2, OK3
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SEARCH CATEGORY II,
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY II, (CONTD)
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D-25
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY
NOZZLE C, VERTICAL LATCH, FIT CODES 1,2,0X3
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D-26
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY /3
NOZZLE C, ANY LATCH POSntON, FIT CODES 1,2,2',3 OK 31
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D-27
-------
-SEARCH CATEGORY 13, (CONT'V)
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SEARCH CATEGORY 13,
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-------
SEAR CH CA TEGORY
NOZZLE C, ANY LATCH POSIT/ON, FIT COVES 1,2,2', 3 OK 3'
FILL PIPE ANGLE LESS THAN 30 DEGREES
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D-30
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SEARCH CATEGORY 15
NOZZLE C', ANY LATCH POSITION OR HAND-HOLD
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY /5, (CONT'V)
B
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D-33
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 16
NOZZLE A, MAJ-OR ACCESS, FIT CODE
C 05 £
C 0G C
C 08 F
C 03 C
P 06 C
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PA 01 D
PR 02 A
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 17
NOZZLE A, MINOR ACCESS , TIT CO&E 23
D 03 D
C 08 A
C 03 A
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P OB f=
D-35
-------
P Ok A
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SEARCH CATEGORY 18
NOZZLE A. SHARP EENV, FIT CODE 22
T Ofy. A
B
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02 A
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D-36
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 19
NOZZLE A, P'PE TOO LARGE, FIT CODES 6,3,12,/5, OK f8
C Otf- B
DA 03
SEARCH CATEGORY 20
NOZZLE A, PfpE TOO SMALL, r/T CODE 2f
P 06 C
HO 01
PR 02 3
SEARCH CATEGORY
NOZZLE A., FILL-CAP RETAINER MECHANISM PREVENTS
•S£AL , FIT COPES 7', lo'f 13*, /61, Of! 19'
P 04- C
F 03 £
D-37
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 22.
NOZZLE A, INTEfEHENCE WITH SEAL IN IMMEDIATE VICINITY
Or PIPE. OPENING , FIT CODE'S 7,10,13,16, OR 19
P OS A T Of C
P °5 S VV 03 B
1 01 C
P 03 H
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07 c
AM 05 B
SEARCH CATEGORY 23
NOZZLE A , SEAL DOES NOT TOUCH PIPE IN ONE REGION
FIT CODES 8, II, l*tr 17, OK 20
NONE
SEARCH CATEGORY
NOZZLE. A, LEAD TtESTRICTOR TR EVENTS OR INTERFERES
WITH -SEAL / ANY FIT CODE
03 A
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D-38
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 25
NOZZLE c, MAJOR ACCESS , FIT COVE
C 0& F CA 01 K t>A 01 £
c o& H CA oz e M ol D
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SEARCH CATEGORY 26
NOZZLE C, HIUOR ACCESS, FIT CODE 23
C 08 A
C 09 A
C l±
SEARCH CATEGORY 27
NOZZLE. C, SHARP BEND, FIT CODE 22
f> 04- & P 01 A T<} 04- A VW 02 3
DA Ok C T4> 02. A T O6 B
01 T* °2 B VW 02 A
D-39
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 28
NOZZLE C, PIPE TOO L/\RGE, riT CODES 6,3,12,/5 OR 18
cue
DA 03
SEARCH CATEGORY 29
NOZZLE C, PIPE TOD SMALL, FIT CODE 21
NONE
SEARCH CATEGORY 30
NOZZLE C/ FILL -CAP RETAINER MECHANISM PEVE NTS
SEAL , FIT CODES 7Jf I01, 13*, /£,' OR
NONE
D-40
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 3/
NOZZLE C, INTERFERENCE WITH SEAL IN IMMEDIATE
VICfNITY OF PIPE OPENING x FIT COVES 7,10,13,16 OR 19
pj> II C CA 01 L
4> C? & CA O2 £
* & e T* or c
SEARCH CATEGORY
NOZZLE C, SEAL DOES NOT TOUCH PIPE IN OH£
REGION , F~/T CODES 8, II, /* 17, OK
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4>f> 01 A VW 0£ A
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D-41
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 34-
UOZZL E A , NON - L A TCHING , Fl T CODES *, 5, 13, 19, 2Of 2/f 22, 23 Of? 2t
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D-42
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 35
NOZZLE C, NON-LATCHING, FIT CODES 1, 5, /3, 13,20, 21, 22, 23 OR 21
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-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 36
TOTAL NON-SEAL FOR NOZZLES A,£>, AND C
FIT CODES ro-R ALL NOZZLES IN KAMGE & THROUGH
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08
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A
B
A
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SEARCH CATEGORY 37
LATCH NOT POSSIBLE, FILL PIPE5 WITH NO JNNER LIP
C
C
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PR
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01
or
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C
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VW
Vtf
VIS
02.
02.
03
04
D
£
D
A
D-44
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SEARCH CATEGORY 36
FILL. PIPE ANGLE L££S THAN 3O &EGKEES
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p
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p
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p
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D-45
-------
SEARCH CATEGORY 39
FILL-CAP NOT VENTED AND PRE-/97O
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D-46
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO
EPA-460/3-75-010
2.
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
EVALUATION OF THE INTERFACE BETWEEN
VEHICLE FUEL FILLPIPES AND VAPOR
RECOVERY NOZZLES
5. REPORT DATE
October 1975
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
W. B. Lee
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO
ATR-76(7354)-l
9 PERFORMING ORG M\l IZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
The Mobile Systems Group
Environment and Energy Conservation Division
The Aerospace Corporation
El Segundo, California 90245
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-01-0417
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
EPA, Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Mobile Source Air Pollution Control
Division of Emission Control Technology
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48 105
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
Field tests were made of the fit of three prototype vapor recovery nozzles on
860 in-use vehicles. This effort was in support of EPA activities relating to the
recovery of gasoline vapor presently lost to the atmosphere during the vehicle
fueling process. The nozzle fit observations were assigned numerical ratings in
accordance with a fit code logic sequence, and these results analyzed by a procedure
which quantified the nozzle fit characteristics of the in-use vehicle population for
the past 15 years. This permitted the determination of the percentage of the in-use
vehicle population that is amenable to vapor recovery programs of varying degrees
of constraint. Those vehicles that present problems in effecting vapor recovery
were specified as to the type and number of vehicles involved, and the nature of the
problem in each case.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
Air pollution
In-use vehicles
Vapor recovery nozzles
b.IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
Air pollution control
Mobile sources
Hydrocarbon emissions
Nozzle fit
characteristics
c. COSATI I-icld/Group
3. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Unlimited
19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport!
UNCLASSIFIED
21. NO. OF PAGES
163
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
UNCLASSIFIED
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
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