United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
EPA-454/R-00-036a
    July 2000
AIR
   &EPA

   Final Report

   Testing of a 2-Stroke Lean Burn
   Gas-Fired Reciprocating Internal
   Combustion Engine to Determine
   the Effectiveness of an Oxidation
   Catalyst System for Reduction of
   Hazardous Air Pollutants
   Volume 1 of 2
           "«77^T^

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                          FINAL REPORT
           TESTING OF A 2-STROKE LEAN BURN GAS-FIRED
RECIPROCATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE TO DETERMINE THE
     EFFECTIVENESS OF AN OXIDATION CATALYST SYSTEM FOR
       REDUCTION OF HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS

                          VOLUME 1 OF 2
                             Prepared for:

                        Terry Harrison (MD-19)
                       Work Assignment Manager
                      SMTG, EMC, EMAD, OAQPS
                   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                    Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
                              July 2000
                            Submitted by:

               PACIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC.
                      5001 S. Miami Blvd., Suite 300
                  Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2077
                    (919)941-0333 FAX (919) 941-0234
                                      U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                      Region 5, Library (PL-12J)
                                      77 West Jackson Boulevard, 12th Roof
                                      Chicago, IL  60604-3590

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                                 DISCLAIMER

      Pacific Environmental Services, Inc. (PES) prepared this document under EPA
Contract No. 68D98004, Work Assignment No. 3-01.  PES reviewed this document in
accordance with its internal quality assurance procedures and approved it for distribution.
The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S.
EPA.  Mention of trade names does not constitute endorsement by the EPA or PES.

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                         DISTRIBUTION LIST
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

      Terry Harrison, Work Assignment Manager, OAQPS, EMC, SCGA
      Laura P. Autry, Quality Assurance Manager, OAQPS, EMC
      Kathy Weant, Contracting Officer, OAQPS, EMAD
      Sims Roy, Lead Engineer, OAQPS, ESD, CG
ENGINES AND ENERGY CONVERSION LABORATORY
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

      Dr. Bryan D. Wilson, Director, EECL
PACIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC.

      John T. Chehaske, Program Manager, Research Triangle Park, NC
      Dennis A. Falgout, Project Manager, Herndon, VA
PIPELINE RESEARCH COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL

      Sam L. Clowney, Chairman, Compressor Research Supervisory Committee


GAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE

      James M. McCarthy, Program Team Leader, Air Quality
                                  11

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                      TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1                              .                    Page

1.0   INTRODUCTION	1-1

2.0   SUMMARY OF RESULTS 	2-1

     2.1   EMISSIONS TEST LOG	2-1
     2.2   ENGINE PARAMETERS AND EXHAUST FLOW RATES  	2-6
     2.3   FTIRS AND CEM MEASUREMENTS	2-6
     2.4   GCMS MEASUREMENTS  	2-7
     2.5   POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBON (PAH)
          MEASUREMENTS	2-12
     2.6   DESTRUCTION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY THE CATALYST 2-17

3.0   SOURCE DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION	3-1

     3.1   ENGINE DESCRIPTION	3-1
     3.2   ENGINE OPERATION DURING TESTING	3-4

4.0   SAMPLING LOCATIONS	4-1

5.0   SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS METHODS	5-1

     5.1   LOCATION OF MEASUREMENT SITES AND SAMPLE/VELOCITY
          TRAVERSE POINTS  	5-1
     5.2   DETERMINATION OF STACK GAS VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE... 5-3
     5.3   DETERMINATION OF STACK GAS DRY OXYGEN AND CARBON
          DIOXIDE CONTENT	5-4
     5.4   DETERMINATION OF STACK GAS MOISTURE CONTENT  	5-4
     5.5   DETERMINATION OF NITROGEN OXIDES	5-5
     5.6   DETERMINATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE 	5-5
     5.7   DETERMINATION OF METHANE AND NON-METHANE
          HYDROCARBONS 	5-7
     5.8   DETERMINATION OF GASEOUS ORGANIC HAPS
          USING FTIRS	5-7
     5.9  DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC HAPS BY DIRECT
          INTERFACE GCMS	5-8
                               in

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                 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Concluded)
                                                         Page
     5.10  DETERMINATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
          BY CARB 429	5-11
6.0   QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDURES
     AND RESULTS	
                                                 6-1
     6.1
     6.2
     6.3
     6.4
     6.5
     6.6
FTIRS QA/QC PROCEDURES  	6-1
CEMS QA/QC PROCEDURES  	6-5
GCMS QA/QC PROCEDURES  	6-14
CARB 429 QA/QC CHECKS	6-19
CORRECTIVE ACTIONS  	6-26
DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT	6-30
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
   SUBCONTRACTOR TEST REPORT - COLORADO STATE
   UNIVERSITY ENGINES AND ENERGY CONVERSION
   LABORATORY, "EMISSIONS TESTING OF CONTROL DEVICES
   FOR RECIPROCATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES IN
   SUPPORT OF REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT BY THE U.S.
   ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)  PHASE 1:
   TWO-STROKE, LEAN BURN, NATURAL GAS FIRED INTERNAL
   COMBUSTION ENGINES"

   SUBCONTRACTOR TEST REPORT - EMISSION MONITORING,
   INC. "RESULTS OF DIRECT INTERFACE GCMS TESTING
   CONDUCTED ON A 2-STROKE LEAD BURN ENGINE"
VOLUME 2

APPENDIX C   SUBCONTRACTOR TEST REPORT - EASTERN RESEARCH
             GROUP, INC. "CARB METHOD 429: SAMPLE ANALYSIS"

APPENDIX D   CARB METHOD 429 FIELD DATA
                              IV

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                               LIST OF TABLES
VOLUME 1
Page
Table 2.1     Emissions Test Log	2-2
Table 2.2     Summary of Exhaust Gas Flow Rates	2-4
Table 2.3     Emission Rates of Detected FTIRS and CEM Compounds	2-8
Table 2.4     Emission Rates of Detected GCMS Compounds	2-10
Table 2.5     Summary of Stack Gas and Sampling Parameters CARB 429
             Catalyst Inlet and Outlet	2-14
Table 2.6     Emission Rates of Detected PAHS at Catalyst Inlet	2-15
Table 2.7     Emission Rates of Detected PAHS at Catalyst Outlet	2-16
Table 2.8     Removal Efficiencies of Detected Organic Compounds  	2-18

Table 3.1     Engine and Catalyst Specifications	3-2
Table 3.2     Summary of Nominal Engine Parameters	3-3
Table 3.3     Target Engine Operating Conditions During Testing 	3-5
Table 3.4     Summary of Engine Parameters - Cooper Bessemer GMV-4-TF	3-7
Table 3.5     Summary of Engine Parameters During Baseline Runs	3-9

Table 5.1     Summary of Sampling and Analysis Methods	5-2

Table 6.1     Detection Limits of FTIRS and CEMS Compounds	6-7
Table 6.2     Types and Frequencies of CEMS Analyzer Calibrations	6-10
Table 6.3     Summary of Fuel Factor Values  	6-13
Table 6.4     Summary of CEMS Analytical Detection Limits  	6-14
Table 6.5     Summary of GCMS Continuing  Calibrations And Audit Results	6-16
Table 6.6     Detection Limits of GCMS Compounds at Catalyst Inlet	6-17
Table 6.7     Detection Limits of GCMS Compounds at Catalyst Outlet	6-18
Table 6.8     CARB 429 Sample Train - Summary of Temperature Sensor
             Calibration Data	6-20
Table 6.9     CARB 429 Sample Train - Summary of Dry Gas Meter and Orifice
             Calibration Data	6-21
Table 6.10    Summary of CARB 429 Blank Results	6-24
Table 6.11    Summary of CARB 429 Surrogate Recoveries	6-25
Table 6.12    Detection Limits of PAH Compounds at Catalyst Inlet	6-27
Table 6.13    Detection Limits of PAH Compounds at Catalyst Outlet	6-28
Table 6.14    Summary of Corrective Actions  	6-29
Table 6.15    Summary of engine and Method Performance	6-32

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                              LIST OF FIGURES

VOLUME 1                                                               Page

Figure 1.1    Test Program Organization and Major Lines of Communication	1-3

Figure 4.1    Sample Port Locations for Velocity, CARB 429, FTIRS, CEMS,
            and GCMS Sampling	4-3
Figure 4.2    Sample Point Locations for Velocity and CARB 429 Sampling	4-4

Figure 5.1    Schematic Diagram of EECL CEMS/FTIRS Sampling and
            Analysis System	5-5
Figure 5.2    Schematic of GCMS Sampling and Analysis System	5-10
Figure 5.3    Schematic Diagram of CARB 429 PAH Sampling Train	5-12
                                      VI

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                               1.0  INTRODUCTION
       The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is investigating
Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE) to characterize engine emissions and
catalyst control efficiencies of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). This document describes the
results of emissions testing conducted on a Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF natural-gas-fired
2-stroke, lean burn (2SLB) engine. Early in 1998, several industry and EPA representatives
agreed that the Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF engine, at the Colorado State University's
Engine and Energy Conversion Laboratory (CSU) is adequately representative of existing and
new natural-gas-fired 2SLB engines. The group agreed that a matrix of test results from
testing conducted at the EECL could be used to develop Maximum Achievable Control
Technology (MACT) standards for RICE.  The group further agreed that an oxidation catalyst
installed on the Cooper GMV-4-TF could be used to determine the effectiveness of oxidation
catalysts for these engines, and that the EPA could use the results from testing at the 2SLB
matrix conditions at CSU as the basis for developing the MACT standard for natural-gas-
fired 2SLB engines.

       Emissions testing was conducted to measure pollutant concentrations in the exhaust
gas both up- and downstream of an'oxidation catalyst. Miratech Corporation manufactured
the catalyst and CSU personnel installed it on the engine. Several sampling and analysis
methodologies were used to determine HAP emissions before and after the oxidation catalyst.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, or FTIRS, was used to measure formaldehyde,
acetaldehyde, and acrolein.  Benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, (o,m,p)-xylenes, styrene,
hexane, and 1,3-butadiene, were measured using a direct-interface gas chromatograph with a
mass spectrometer detector, or GCMS. Continuous emission monitors (CEMs) were used to
measure oxygen, (O2), carbon dioxide  (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO),
total hydrocarbons (THC), and methane. Naphthalene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs) [acenaphthene, acenapthylene, anthracene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene,
benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(e)pyrene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, chrysene,
dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, fluoranthene,  fluorene, indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene, 2-methylnapthalene,
perylene, phenanthrene, and pyrene] were determined using California Air Resources Board
(CARS) Method 429.

       PES used three  subcontractors for this effort. The CSU EECL provided the facility
and the engine for the test program, operated the engine at predefined conditions, and
recorded engine operational data during the testing. In addition, CSU EECL personnel
operated two FTIRS  sampling and analysis systems and two CEM systems that measured
Final Report Cooper Bessemer GMV-4-TF            1-1                               July 2000

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pollutants and diluents in the exhaust gas. Emissions Monitoring, Inc., (EMI) of Raleigh,
North Carolina provided emissions testing services and two direct-interface GCMS sample
extraction and analysis systems. Eastern Research Group (ERG) of Morrisville, North
Carolina, prepared filter media and XAD-2® sorbent resin traps and analyzed the CARB
Method 429 samples for PAHs using Low Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LRMS). Under a
separate work assignment, ERG personnel operated an EPA-owned dynamic spiking system
for the validation of the FTIRS systems for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein.

       The test program organization and major lines of communication employed during
this project are presented in Figure 1.1. The balance of this report contains the following
Sections:

       Section 2.0    Summary of Results
       Section 3.0    Source Description and Operation
       Section 4.0    Sampling Locations
       Section 5.0    Sampling and Analysis Methods
       Section 6.0    Quality Assurance/Quality  Control Procedures and Results

       Copies of raw field data, quality assurance data, subcontractor reports, and example
calculations are included in the appendices to this document.
 Final Report Cooper Bessemer GMV-4-TF           1 -2                              July 2000

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Qualit
(

EPA/EMC
y Assurance Officer
Lara P. Autry
919) 541-5544


EPA/EMC
Work Assignment Manager
R. Terry Harrison
(919) 541-5233


PES
Project Manager
Dennis A. Falgout
(703)471-8383

PES
QA/QC Officer
Jeff Van Atten
(703)471-8383

-

EPA/ESD
Lead Engineer
Sims Roy
(919) 541-5263

      Pretest
     Site Survey

       PES
Quality Assurance
  Project Plan

     PES
                                Subcontractor

                                 CSU EECL
                                Subcontractor

                           Emissions Monitoring, Inc
                                Subcontractor

                              Eastern Research
                                 Group, Inc.









-

-


Site Specific
Test Plan
PES

Subcontractor
CSU EECL

Subcontractor
Emissions Monitoring,

Subcontractor
Field
Testing
PES








Subcontractor
CSU EECL

Subcontractor
                              Eastern Research
                                Group, Inc.
Sample
Analysis
PES


Subcontractor
                                                   Emissions Monitoring, Inc.
                                                                                Eastern Research
                                                                                  Group, Inc.
 Draft Final
   Reports

    PES
                                                                                                           Subcontractor

                                                                                                            CSU EECL
     Subcontractor

Emissions Monitoring, Inc.
     Subcontractor

   Eastern Research
      Group Inc.
                            Figure 1.1.   Test Program Organization and Major Lines of Communication
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
                                                    1-3
              July 2000

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                          2.0 SUMMARY OF RESULTS
       This section provides summaries of the stack gas parameters and HAP emissions
during the test program conducted on the Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF engine March 31
through April 2,1999. The following sub-sections present the test times and durations,
engine and stack gas parameters, and HAP concentrations and mass flow rates before and
after the oxidation catalyst. A discussion of catalyst removal efficiencies for various HAP is
included at the end of this section.
2.1    EMISSIONS TEST LOG

       The test team conducted sampling at the EECL starting on March 30 and ending on
April 2, 1999.  During that time period thirty-one test runs were conducted. These test runs
consisted of twelve 5-minute Quality Control (QC) runs, twelve 33-minute sampling runs for
collection of FTIRS, CEMS and GCMS data, three 2-hour CARD Method 429 runs, and four
5-minute daily baseline runs.  Table 2.1 presents the emissions test log. The test log
summarizes the date and time that each run was conducted and the sampling methodologies
used during that particular run. Additional discussions of the engine operating parameters
may be found in Section 3.0 of this document.

       In Table 2.1, the sampling runs are presented in the order that they were conducted.
In the tables that follow Table 2.1, the sampling runs are presented in numerical order.
During the test program, engine conditions were set by making small changes in engine
operation from run to run rather than large changes. The purpose of this approach was to
minimize both the time between test runs to change an engine condition as well as the time
required for the engine to stabilize after each change.  The effect on the test program was that
the engine load conditions for which emissions data were sought were not conducted in the
same order that they were presented in the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP). To
maintain consistency with the QAPP, the numbers denoting the engine test conditions were
not changed.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           2-1                             July 2000

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                                TABLE 2.1
                          EMISSIONS TEST LOG
Date
3/30/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99-4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
Run Time
1256-1301
1207-1212
1319-1324
1340-1413
1539-1544
1600-1633
1741-1746
1805-1838
1943-1948
2305-2338
2105-2110
2130-2203
2310-2315
2335-0008
1135-1140
1200-1233
1319-1324
1340-1413
1534-1539
1627-1632
1650-1723
1817-1822
1840-1913
Run ID
Baseline No. 1
Baseline No. 2
Run 1A QC
Run 1A
Run 5 QC
Run 5
Run 6 QC
Run 6
Run 13 QC
Run 13
Run 14 QC
Run 14
RunSQC
Run 8
Run 3 QC
Run 3
Run 2/7 QC
Run 2/7
Baseline No. 3
Run 15 QC
Run 15
Run 16 QC
Run 16
Sampling Methodology
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-2
July 2000

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                                 TABLE 2.1 (Concluded)

                                EMISSIONS TEST LOG
Date
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99
4/1/99-4/2/99
4/2/99
4/2/99
4/2/99
4/2/99
Run Time
2025-2030
2050-2123
2340-2345
2355-0028
1204-1404
1625-1825
2000-2100
2100-2200
2315-2320
Run ID
RunlOQC
Run 10
Run 9A QC
Run9A
PAH 1 (Run 4)'
PAH2 (Run 8A)1
PAH3(Runll)'
PAH3 (Run 12)'
Baseline No. 4
Sampling Methodology
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS,
CARB Method 429
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS,
CARB Method 429
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS,
CARB Method 429
CEMS, FTIRS, GCMS
       1 PAH testing was conducted at multiple load conditions, instead of one load condition as described in
the QAPP. The PAH testing was conducted in this fashion to make up for field delays.  A discussion of this
issue may be found in Section 5.10.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-3
July 2000

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                                                                         TABLE 2.2

                                                    SUMMARY OF EXHAUST GAS FLOW RATES
Run ID
Engine Speed , rpm
Engine Torque, ft-lb
Horsepower, bhp
Fuel Flow Rate, scfh
Equivalence Ratio, 4>
Higher Heating Value, Btu/cf
Heat Rate, MMBtu/hr
Dry Fuel Factor, Fd, dscf/MMBtu
RunIA
300
7723
441
3672
0.33
1072
3.94
8664
Run2-7
299
5285
302
2835
0.27
1090
3.09
8672
Run3
269
5286
272
2491
0.25
1090
2.72
8672
Run4
270
7324
377
3279
0.32
1032
3.38
8661
RunS
300
7731
441
3661
0.30
1072
3.92
8664
RunS
300
7727
442
3646
0.34
1072
3.91
8664
RunS
270
7360
378
3130
0.27
1072
3.35
8664
Run9A
299
7728
441
3626
0.33
1090
3.95
8672
RunIO
299
7729
442
3674
0.32
1090
4.01
8672
Catalyst Inlet
Gas Temperature, °F
Oxygen, % vol d.b.
Carbon Dioxide, % vol d.b.
Gas Volumetric Flow Rate, dscfrn
560
14.60
3.59
1885
482
15.80
2.93
1830
452
16.08
2.67
1701
524
14.70
3.48
1647
539
15.10
3.51
2041
574
14.34
3.90
1799
503
15.60
3.26
1910
537
14.50
3.59
1866
565
14.63
3.66
1929
Catalyst Outlet
Gas Temperature, °F
Oxygen, % vol d.b.
Carbon Dioxide, % vol d.b.
Gas Volumetric Flow Rate, dscfm
554
14.67
3.43
1907
480
15.80
2.83
1830
447
16.30
2.50
1782
517
14.80
3.33
1674
534
15.20
3.39
2077
567
14.17
3.71
1753
498
15.40
2.96
1840
527
14.60
3.56
1895
556
14.63
3.53
1929
         rpm - revolutions per minute
         ft-lb - foot-pounds
         bhp - brake horsepower
         scfh - standard cubic feet per hour @ 68°F and 29 92 in Hg
         4> - reciprocal of % Excess Air
         Btu/cf - British Thermal Units per cubic foot of natural gas
MMBtu/hr - million British Thermal units per hour
dscf/MMBtu - dry standard cubic feet of exhaust products per million Btu of heat input @ 0% excess air
•F - degrees Fahrenheit
% vol d b. - % volume dry basis
dscfm - dry standard cubic feet per minute @ 68 °F and 29.92 in. Hg
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
              2-4
July 2000

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                                                                TABLE 2.2 (CONCLUDED)

                                                       SUMMARY OF EXHAUST FLOW RATES
Run ID
Engine Speed , rpm
Engine Torque, ft-lb
Horsepower, bhp
Fuel Flow Rate, scfh
Equivalence Ratio, 41
Higher Heating Value, Btu/cf
Heat Rate, MMBtu/hr
Dry Fuel Factor, Fd, dscf/MMBtu
Run11
270
7356
378
3277
0.30
1032
3.38
8661
Run12
270
7349
378
3271
0.29
1032
3.38
8661
Run13 Run14
300
7727
441
3727
0.33
1072
3.99
8664
300
7728
441
3585
0.32
1072
3.84
8664
Run15
299
7729
442
3715
0.32
1090
4.05
8672
Run16
299
7731
442
3713
0.33
1090
4.05
8672
PAH1
270
7326
377
3277
0.33
1032
3.38
8661
PAH2
270
7341
377
3300
0.29
1032
3.41
8661
PAH3
270
7353
378
3274
0.29
1032
3.38
8661
Catalyst Inlet
Gas Temperature, °F
Oxygen, % vol d.b.
Carbon Dioxide, % vol d.b.
Gas Volumetric Flow Rate, dscfm
507
15.20
3.05
1790
507
15.30
3.05
1819
574
14.60
3.64
1913
542
14.60
3.70
1840
599
14.70
3.78
1973
599
14.60
3.60
1941
524
14.58
3.44
1614
505
15.40
3.00
1868
507
15.25
3.05
1804
Catalyst Outlet
Gas Temperature, °F
Oxygen, % vol d.b.
Carbon Dioxide, % vol d.b.
Gas Volumetric Flow Rate, dscfm
500
15.40
3.01
1855
500
15.40
2.99
1852
568
14.50
3.55
1883
537
14.50
3.55
1812
590
14.70
3.76
1973
590
14.70
3.52
1972
517
14.73
3.35
1653
500
15.50
2.92
1903
. 500
15.40
3.00
1853
           rpm - revolutions per minute
           ft-lb - foot-pounds
           bhp - brake horsepower
           scfh - standard cubic feet per hour @ 68'F and 29.92 in Hg
           t -  reciprocal of % Excess Air
           Btu/cf - British Thermal Units per cubic foot of natural gas
MMBtu/hr - million British Thermal units per hour
dscf/MMBtu - dry standard cubic feet of exhaust products per million Btu of heat input @ 0% excess air
•F - degrees Fahrenheit
% vol d.b. - % volume dry basis
dscfm - dry standard cubic feet per minute @ 68 °F and 29.92 in. Hg
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
              2-5
July 2000

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2.2   ENGINE PARAMETERS AND EXHAUST FLOW RATES

      Table 2.2 summarizes some of the engine and exhaust gas parameters that were
measured and/or calculated during the test program. The EECL's Data Acquisition System
(DAS), monitored and recorded approximately 200 engine operating parameters, as well as
gas temperatures, and concentrations of O2, CO2, and moisture at the catalyst inlet and
exhaust. (The test report generated by CSU EECL is presented in Appendix A).

      The exhaust gas volumetric flow rates at before and after the catalyst are presented for
each sample run. These flow rates are calculated using a combustion products, or Fd, factor
and correcting for excess air as indicated by the measurements of O2 concentration at each
location.  A new fuel factor was calculated daily based upon daily analysis of the
composition of the natural gas fuel.
2.3    FTIRS AND CEM MEASUREMENTS

       Table 2.3 summarizes the mass flow rates of the FTIRS target compounds
(formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein) and the CEM target compounds (carbon
monoxide, nitrogen oxides, total hydrocarbons, or THC, methane, and non-methane
hydrocarbons, or NMHC).

       EECL personnel operated two FTIRS sampling and analysis systems to quantify
concentrations of the FTIRS target compounds.  Exhaust gas samples were extracted from
locations before and after the oxidation catalyst, conditioned, and transported to a Nicolet
Magna 560 FTIRS (pre-catalyst location) and a Nicolet Rega 7000 FTIRS (post-catalyst
location). The outlet FTIRS was also used to measure the moisture content in the exhaust
gas. Moisture measurements by the inlet FTIRS were determined by EECL to be inaccurate.
Therefore a carbon balance method was employed to calculate the moisture concentration at
the pre-catalyst sampling location.

       Of the three target FTIRS compounds, only formaldehyde was detected.
Formaldehyde was detected  before and after the catalyst during every sampling run that was
conducted. Results are presented for each of the 18 test runs in numerical order. Neither
acetaldehyde nor acrolein were detected during the sampling program.  The final column of
Table 2.3 presents the average mass flow rate of the formaldehyde, or the average detection
limit of acetaldehyde and acrolein. Run by run detection limits for the FTIRS compounds are
presented in Table 5.2 of this document.

       Table 2.3 also presents the calculated mass flow rates of the CEMS compounds.
EECL personnel operating two CEMS sampling and analysis systems. Engine exhaust gas
samples were extracted from locations before and after the catalyst, conditioned, and
transported to the CEMS analyzer racks. Moisture was removed from the gas sample prior to

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           2-6                             July 2000

-------
introduction to the O2, CO2, CO, and NOX analyzers. All of the CEMS target compounds
were detected at both the inlet and the outlet locations.  CEMS detection limits are presented
on a run by run basis in Table 5.2.
2.4    GCMS MEASUREMENTS

       Table 2.4 presents the calculated mass flow rates of the GCMS compounds (1,3-
butadiene, hexane benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, (o,m,p)-xylenes, and styrene).  EMI
personnel operated two Inficon Portable Gas Chromatographs with Mass Spectrometer
Detectors. (The test report generated by EMI is presented in Appendix B). Gas samples for
GCMS analysis were extracted from both the before and after catalyst locations through a
heated probe and quartz fiber filter, then transported via a heated Teflon® sample line to a
Peltier condenser for continuous moisture removal.  The sample was then co-mixed with an
internal standard mixture (in a constant ratio of 10:1) in the GC sampling loop for 1 minute
before injection into the GCMS. After purging the sample loop for 1 minute, the sample was
injected onto the separatory column to resolve the target compounds for quantification by the
detector.  Each sample run consisted on 4 injections.  Each GCMS was supported by a
PC-based DAS to calculate peak areas of the target compounds.

       The only target analytes that the GCMS detected at the catalyst inlet location were
hexane, benzene, and toluene. Concentration levels of hexane reached about 0.1 parts per
million (ppm, or 100 parts per billion ppb) which is approximately the instrument detection
limit for hexane.  Concentration levels for benzene and toluene ranged from 0.05 to 0.1 ppm
(50 to 100 ppb), and 0.01 to 0.23 ppm (10 to 230 ppb), respectively, for the 16 engine test
conditions. Run number 1A had the lowest concentration levels for benzene and toluene with
only 0.05 and 0.02 ppm (50 and 20 ppb) detected, respectively.  All other engine test
conditions produced higher concentration results for these compounds, but changes in engine
operation had little effect on the observed results. Benzene and toluene concentration levels
for runs 2/7, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9A, 10, 13, 14, 15, and  16 all approximated 0.07 ppm (70 ppb) for
benzene and 0.22 ppm (220 ppb) for toluene.

       A gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer (GCMS) detector can
identify compounds that are not contained in the instrument specific calibration. The GCMS
identified two peaks that were not among the original matrix of target analytes. The
compounds, di-methyl ether (CAS#=115-10-6, MW=46 AMU) and nitromethane
(CAS#=75-52-5, MW=61 AMU), were tentatively identified in nearly every run at the inlet
location.  Neither of these compounds are consider HAPs by EPA. We could not quantify the
compounds because we had no calibration analytes that are chemically similar, and therefore,
could not estimate instrument specific response factors to generate estimated concentrations.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           2-7                              July 2000

-------
                                                  TABLE 2.3

                       EMISSION RATES OF DETECTED FTIR AND CEM COMPOUNDS
Run ID
RuntA
Run 2-7
Run 3
Run 4
RunS
Run 6
Run 8
RunSA
Run 10
Catalyst Inlet
.... mg/bhp-hr
Formaldehyde
mlb/hr
, . ,_, ,_ .. mg/bhp-hr
Acetaldehyde
mlb/hr
, . mg/bhp-hr
Acrolein
mlb/hr
Nitrogen Oxides (as NCy 9/bhp-hr
Ib/hr
_ . .. .. g/bhp-hr
Carbon Monoxide
Ib/hr
.. i,_ g/bhp-hr
Methane
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Non-methane Hydrocarbons
Ib/hr
Total Hydrocarbons
Ib/hr
161
156
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.5
1.5
0.75
0.73
3.7
3.6
0.81
079
4.6
4.5
287
191
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.14
0.092
2.7
1.8
10.8
7.2
1.6
1.1
12
8.2
260
156
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.14
0.085
2.5
1.5
10.3
6.1
2.2
1 3
13
7.9
162
135
ND
ND
ND
ND
4.6
3.8
0.68
0.57
5.9
4.9
0.71
0.59
7.2
6.0
180
175
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.60
0.58
1.0
1.0
4.5
4.4
0.93
0.91
54
52
168
164
ND
ND
ND
ND
3.0
2.9
0.67
066
3.5
3.4
0.71
0.69
4.3
4.2
198
165
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.49
0.41
1.2
1.0
5.9
4.9
1.2
0.98
7.5
6.2
172
168
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.8
1.8
0.70
0.69
4.1
4.0
0.44
0.43
4.6
4.5
187
182
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.2
2.1
0.72
0.70
4.1
4.0
0.42
0.41
4.8
4.6
Catalyst Outlet
.... mg/bhp-hr
Formaldehyde
mlb/hr
. . , . . . mg/bhp-hr
Acetaldehyde
mlb/hr
. . mg/bhp-hr
Acrolein
mlb/hr
Nitrogen Oxides (as N02) 9/bhp"hr
Ib/hr
_ . .. .. g/bhp-hr
Carbon Monoxide
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Methane
Ib/hr
Non-methane Hydrocarbons
Ib/hr
Total Hydrocarbons
Ib/hr
87
85
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.6
1.5
0.24
024
3.8
3.7
0.86
0.84
4.8
4.6
177
117
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.14
0.092
0.83
0.55
11
7.3
1.6
1.1
13
8.3
188
113
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.14
0.087
0.92
0.55
11
6.5
2.2
1.3
14
8.5
80 n
67
ND
ND
ND
ND
4.7
3.9
0.26
0.22
6.0
5.0
0.75
0.62
7.4
6.2
101
98
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.7
0.7
0.36
0.35
4.6
4.5
1.4
1.4
5.7
5.5
72 ~~l
70
ND
ND
ND
ND
3.0
2.9
0.24
0.23
3.4
3.3
0.77
0.75
4.3
4.2
97
81
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.53
0.44
0.39
0.33
57
4.8
1.4
1.2
7.1
6.0
84
82
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.0
1.9
0.25
0.25
4.2
4.1
0.41
0.40
4.9
4.7
85
83
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.3
2.2
0.25
0.25
4.1
4.0
0.42
0.41
5.0
48
  mo/bhp-hr - milligrams per brake horsepower hour
  mlb/bhp-hr - millipounds per brake horsepower hour
  g/bhp-hr - grams per brake horsepower hour
  Ib/hr - pounds per hour
  ND - Not Detected. Refer to Table 61 for ruvby-oin summary of detection limits
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-8
July 2000

-------
                                         TABLE 2.3 (CONCLUDED)

                      EMISSION RATES OF DETECTED FTIR AND CEM COMPOUNDS
KunID
Run 11
Run 12
Run 13
Run 14 | Run 15
Run 16
PAH1
PAH 2
PAH 3
Catalyst Inlet
mg/bhp-hr
ormaldehyde
mlb/hr
A .,..,.-. mg/bhp-hr
Acetaldehyde
mlb/hr
mg/bhp-hr
Acrolem
mlb/hr
Nitrogen Oxides (as NCy 9/bhp"hr
Ib/hr
„ . .. . . g/bhp-hr
Carbon Monoxide
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Methane
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Non-methane Hydrocarbon
Ib/hr
Q/bho-hr
Total Hydrocarbons a ^
Ib/hr
188
157
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.42
0.35
1.1
092
63
5.3
0.74
061
7.1
5.9
192
160
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.48
0.40
1.1
0.90
6.2
5 1
067
0.56
7.1
5.9
193
188
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.3
1.3
0.74
0.72
3.7
3.6
0.84
0.82
4.5
4.3
162
158
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.2
1.1
0.84
0.81
3.7
3.6
0.80
0.78
4.6
4.5
. 198
193
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.0
2.0
0.85
0.83
4.4
4.3
0.48
0.47
5.2
5.1
194
189
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.3
2.3
0.81
0.79
4.6
4.5
0.56
0.55
5.0
4.9
157
131
ND
ND
ND
ND
4.5
3.7
0.66
0.55
5.9
4.9
0.69
0.58
7.1
5.9
194
161
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.43
0.36
1.2
096
6.8
5.6
0.66
0.55
7.7
6.4
190
158
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.45
0.38
1.1
0.91
6.2
5.2
0.70
0.59
7.1
5.9
Catalyst Outlet
.... mg/bhp-hr
Formaldehyde
mlb/hr
.... mg/bhp-hr
Acetaldehyde
mlb/hr
, . mg/bhp-hr
Acrolem
mlb/hr
Nitrogen Oxides (as N02) 9/bnp~hr
Ib/hr
_ g/bhp-hr
Carbon Monoxide
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Methane * ^
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Non-methane Hydrocarbon
Ib/hr
Total Hydrocarbons 0/bhp^f
Ib/hr
119
99
ND
ND
ND
ND
050
041
0.46
0.38
6.6
55
0.76
0.63
7.6
6.4
116
96 •
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.55
0.45
0.43
0.36
6.3
5.3
0.81
0.67
7.6
6.3
93
90
ND
ND
ND
ND
1 4
1 4
0.27
0.26
3.7
3.6
0.84
0.82
4.5
4.4
79
76
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.2
1.2
0.28
0.27
3.6
3.5
0.86
0.84
4.6
4.5
94
92
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.1
2 1
0.28
0.27
4.4
4.3
0.47
0.46
5.4
5.2
92
89
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.5
2.4
0.27
0.27
4.7
4.6
0.44
0.43
5.4
5.2
80
67
ND
ND
ND
ND
47
3.9
0.26
0.22
6.1
5.1
0.75
0.62
7.3
6.1
119
99
ND
ND
ND
ND
049
0.41
0.46
0.38
6.9
5.8
0.71
0.59
8.1
6.7
117
98
ND
ND
ND
ND
052
043
0.45
0.37
6.5
5.4
0.78
0.65
7.6
63
  mg/bhp-hr - milligrams per brake horsepower hour
  mlb/bhp-hr - millipounds per brake horsepower hour
  g/bhp-hr - grams per brake horsepower hour
  Ib/hr - pounds per hour
  NO - Not Detected.  Refer to Table 6.1 for run-by-tun summary of detection limits.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-9
July 2000

-------
                                                    TABLE 2.4
                           EMISSION RATES OF DETECTED GCMS COMPOUNDS
Run ID
RunIA
Run2-7
Run3
Run4
RunS
Run6
RunS
Run9A
RunIO
Catalyst Inlet
(jg/bhp-hr
1 ,3-Butadiene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Hexane
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Benzene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Toluene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Ethyl Benzene
plb/hr
, v , pg/bhp-hr
m/p-Xylene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Styrene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
o-Xylene
plb/hr
ND
ND
ND
ND
1000
1000
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
8800
5800
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
1000
8800
5300
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
3000
3000
2000
2000
2300
1900
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
6600
6400
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
6100
5900
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
1000
7200
6000
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
6000
5900
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
6200
6100
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Catalyst Outlet
pg/bhp-hr
1,3-Butadiene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Hexane
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Benzene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Toluene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Ethyl Benzene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
m/p-Xylene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Styrene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
o-Xylene
plb/hr
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND.
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
    pg/bhp-hr • micrograms per brake horsepower hour
    plb/hr - mcrapounds per hour
    ND - Refer to Table 6 6 tor run-by-run detection linnets at the catalyst inlet, and Table 8 7 for run-by-run detection Hints at the catalyst outlet.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-10
July 2000

-------
                                        TABLE 2.4 (CONCLUDED)

                         EMISSION RATES OF DETECTED GCMS COMPOUNDS
Run ID

pg/bhp-hr
,3-Butadiene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Hexane
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Benzene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Toluene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Ethyl Benzene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
m/p-Xylene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Styrene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
o-Xylene
plb/hr
Run11
Run12

ND
ND
ND
ND
3000
2000
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
2300
1900
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Run13
Run14
Catalyst Inlet
ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
6400
6200
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
1000
1000
6000
5800
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Run15

ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
6400
6200
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Run16

ND
ND
3000
3000
2000
2000
6300
6100
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
PAH1

ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
2200
1800
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
PAH2

ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
2400
2000
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
PAH3

ND
ND
ND
ND
2000
2000
1700
1400
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Catalyst Outlet
pg/bhp-hr
1 ,3-Butadiene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Hexane
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Benzene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Toluene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
£thyl Benzene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
m/p-Xylene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
Styrene
plb/hr
pg/bhp-hr
o-Xylene
plb/hr
ND
ND
ND
ND
500
400
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
500
400
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
500
500
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
500
400
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
   ug/bhp-hr • micrograrru per brake horsepower hour
   ulb/hr • mcropound» per hour
   ND - Refer to Table 6.6 (or nivby-run detection limits at the catalyst Met, and Table 6 7 tor rurnby-run detection limits at the catalyst outlet
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-11
July 2000

-------
       The only target analyte detected at the catalyst outlet was benzene.  The di-methyl
ether and nitromethane peaks were either absent or at very low concentrations at the outlet
location.  The highest concentration level observed for benzene at the outlet was 0.03 ppm
(30 ppb) which occurred during Run 4.
2.5    POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBON (PAH) MEASUREMENTS

       PES used CARS Method 429 to collect samples of the engine exhaust for
determination of PAHs. A sample of the exhaust gas stream was extracted through a glass
nozzle, heated glass-lined probe, a heated quartz filter, and a chilled sorbent trap containing
XAD-2 sorbent resin. The resin was extracted and combined with the front-half train rinses
and the filter and analyzed for PAH content by ERG using Low Resolution Mass
Spectrometry.  (The analytical reported generated by ERG is contained in Appendix C).

       Table 2.5 presents stack gas and sample train parameters for the CARB 429 testing.
Three 2-hour CARB 429 sample runs were conducted before and after the catalyst by PES
personnel. The first PAH run was conducted at Run Condition No. 4, and the second PAH
run was conducted at Run Condition 8. The last PAH run was conducted at Run Conditions
11 (for the first hour) and 12 (for the second hour). CARB 429 calls for testing to be
conducted at isokinetic conditions. The isokinetic sampling ratios should be 100 % ± 10%.
The (3-run) average isokinetic sampling ratio was 84.5 % before the catalyst and 84.8 % after
the catalyst.  PES used a standard pitot tube for velocity traverses and used the pitot tube
coefficient for an S-type pitot tube in the pre-sampling calculations.  This error resulted in
sampling at a velocity approximately 15 % less than the exhaust gas velocity.

       Isokinetic sampling is used to ensure that the distribution of large versus small
particles in the collected sample is representative of the distribution of these particles in the
exhaust gas. If the exhaust is composed of both large and small particles, sampling at less
that isokinetic conditions will bias the particle distribution in the sample towards the larger
particles. The larger particles will be collected, but not the smaller particles. The effect of
sampling at less than isokinetic conditions is minimized because the larger particles compose
most of the mass of the sample. If the particles in the exhaust gas are composed of particles
that are the same size, as is most likely the case for an engine exhaust, then the effect of
anisokinetic sampling has a minimal effect on the particle size distribution in the sample.

       Table 2.6 presents the mass emission rates of detected PAH target compounds at the
catalyst inlet. Napthalene and phenanthrene were the only PAHs detected during every run
before the catalyst. Acenapthene and flurorene were detected during the first run, and
acenapthylene was detected during the second run. No other PAH compounds were detected.
For these compounds, (3-run) average detection limit is presented hi the average column.
Table 6.12 presents the in-stack detection limits at the catalyst inlet for each compound on a

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF         2-12                               July 2000

-------
run-by-run basis.  Table 2.7 presents the mass emission rates of detected PAH target
compounds at the catalyst outlet. Acenapthene, napthalene and phenanthrene were detected
during all three sampling runs. Emission rates of all other compounds were less than the
method detection limit. For these compounds, (3-run) average detection limit is presented in
the average column. Table 6.13 presents the in-stack detection limits at the catalyst outlet for
each compound on a run-by-run basis.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF          2-13                               July 2000

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                              TABLE 2.5

       SUMMARY OF STACK GAS AND SAMPLING PARAMETERS
               CARB 429 CATALYST INLET AND OUTLET
Run ID
Date
Time
PAH1
4/2/99
1204-1404
PAH 2
4/2/99
1625-1825
PAH 3
4/2/99
2000-2200

Average

Catalyst Inlet
Sampling Duration, minutes
Average Sampling Rate, dscfm a
Sample Volume, dscf
Gas Temperature, °F
Gas Pressure, in. Hg
02 Concentration, % by Volume
CO2 Concentration, % by Volume
Moisture, % by Volume
Gas Volumetric Flow Rate:
acfm b
dscfm a
Gas Velocity, ft/s
Isokinetic Sampling Ratio, %
120
0.615
73.787
600
25.50
14.6
3.4
8.4

4473
1738
95.0
82.8
120
0.648
77.723
616
25.50
15.4
3.0
7.6

4446
1717
94.4
88.3
120
0.612
73.475
620
25.50
15.3
3.1
7.4

4508
1740
95.7
82.4

0.625
74.995
612
25.50
15.1
3.2
7.8

4476
1732
95.0
84.5
Catalyst Outlet
Sampling Duration, minutes
Average Sampling Rate, dscfm a
Sample Volume, dscf
Gas Temperature, °F
Gas Pressure, in. Hg
O2 Concentration, % by Volume
CO2 Concentration, % by Volume
Moisture, % by Volume
Gas Volumetric Flow Rate:
acfm b
dscfm a
Gas Velocity, ft/s
Isokinetic Sampling Ratio, %
120
0.661
79.366
586
25.35
14.7
3.4
8.1

4,420
1,740
93.8
83.0
120
0.708
84.998
582
25.35
15.5
2.9
7.7

4,420
1,750
93.9
88.1
120
0.677
81.198
582
25.35
15.4
3.0
7.4

4,460
1,770
94.6
83.2
120
0.682
81.854
583
25.35
15.2
3.1
7.7

4,433
1,753
94.1
84.8
  8 Dry standard cubic feet per minute corrected to 68° F (20° C) and 1 atm.
  b Actual cubic feet per minute at exhaust gas conditions.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-14
July 2000

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                                        TABLE 2.6
            EMISSION RATES OF DETECTED PAHS AT CATALYST INLET
Run ID
Date
'ime
pg/bhp-hr a
Acenaphthene b
plb/hour
... , pg/bhp-hr
Acenaphthylene
jjlb/hour
. 1U pg/bhp-hr
Anthracene
plb/hour
_ , v xU |jg/bhp-hr
3enzo(a)anthracene
(jib/hour
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 'J9/bhp'nr
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
plb/hour
_ .... . pg/bhp-hr
Jenzo(g,h,i)perylene
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(a)pyrene
plb/hour
_. pg/bhp-hr
Chrysene ra
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
|jlb/hour
_, .. pg/bhp-hr
Fluoranthene
(jib/hour
... pg/bhp-hr
-luorene
plb/hour
lndeno(1,2,3-cd)pyreneM9/bhp-hr
plb/hour
K, u.u i pg/bhp-hr
Naphthalene
plb/hour
,-,,. tu pg/bhp-hr
Phenanthrene
plb/hour
_. pg/bhp-hr
Pyrene ™ ^
plb/hour
PAH1
4/2/99
1204-1404
2.8
2.4
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
. ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
4.7
3.9
ND
ND
64
53
6.0
5.0
ND
ND
PAH 2
4/2/99
1625-1825
ND
ND
1.9
1.6
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
38
32
4.7
3.9
ND
ND
PAH 3
4/2/99
2000-2200
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
42
35
3.3
2.7
ND
ND
Average
< 2.2
< 1.8
< 1.9
< 1.6
< 1.8
< 1.5
< 1.8
< 1.5
< 1.8
< 1.5
< 1.8
< 1.5
< 3.7
< 3.1
< 1.8
< 1.5
< 1.8
< 1.5
< 3.7
< 3.1
< 1.8
< 1.5
< 2.8
< 2.3
< 3.7
< 3.1
48
40
4.6
3.9
< 1.8
< 1.5
          Micrograms per brake horsepower hour
          Micropounds per hour
        NO indicates that the compound was not detected. Averages include detection limits.
        Table 6.10 presents run-by-run detection limits for all PAHs.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-15
July 2000

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                                      TABLE 2.7
          EMISSION RATES OF DETECTED PAHS AT CATALYST OUTLET
Run ID
Date
Time
pg/bhp-hr a
Acenaphthene b
plb/hour
A u.u i pg/bhp-hr
Acenaphthylene
plb/hour
. .. ug/bhp-hr
Anthracene Ma K
plb/hour
, % n. pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(a)anthracene
plb/hour
Benzo(b)fluoranthene W^P^
plb/hour
Benzo(k)fluoranthene M9/bhp-hr
plb/hour
_. . . .. , pg/bhp-hr
3enzo(g,h,i)perylene
plb/hour
n / \ pg/bhp-hr
3enzo(a)pyrene
plb/hour
_, pg/bhp-hr
Chrysene ^a
plb/hour
rx-L. , •_» ,1. pg/bhp-hr
3ibenz(a,h)anthracene
plb/hour
c-i .u pg/bhp-hr
Fluoranthene Ka
plb/hour
i-i pg/bhp-hr
Fluorene " ^
plb/hour
/.. „ n ^ pg/bhp-hr
lndeno(1 ,2,3-cd)pyrene
plb/hour
Naphthalene W*"1^
plb/hour
P9/bhp-hr
Phenanthrene pa ^
plb/hour
Pyrene W1*^
plb/hour
PAH1
4/2/99
1204-1404
ND
ND
2.1
1.8
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
31
25
2.8
2.3
ND
ND
PAH 2
4/2/99
1625-1825
ND
ND
1.6
1.4
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
26
22
1.8
1.5
ND
ND
PAH 3
4/2/99
2000-2200
ND
ND
1.8
1.5
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
28
23
2.0
1.6
ND
ND
Average
< 1.7
< 1.4
1.9
1.5
< 1.7
< 1.4
< 1.7
< 1.4
< 1.7
< 1.4
< 1.7
< 1.4
< 3.4
< 2.8
< 1.7
< 1.4
< 1.7
< 1.4
< 3.4
< 2.8
< 1.7
< 1.4
< 1.7
< 1.4
< 3.4
< 2.8
28
24
2.2
1.8
< 1.7
< 1.4
  8 Micrograms per brake horsepower hour
  b Micropounds per hour
  NO indicates that the compound was not detected. Averages include detection limits.
  Table 6.11 presents run-by-run detection limits for all PAH at the catalyst outlet.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-16
July 2000

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2.6    DESTRUCTION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY THE CATALYST

       PES calculated the catalyst destruction efficiency of several of the target compounds.
These data are presented in Table 2.8.  Several of the compounds that were on the target list
were not detected at the inlet or the outlet.  PES did not attempt to calculate destruction
efficiencies for these compounds (acetaldehyde, acrolein, 1-3 butadiene, hexane, ethyl
benzene, styrene, xylenes, acenaphthene, acenapthylene, anthracene, benzo(a)anthracene,
benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(e)pyrene, benzo(k)fluoranthene,
benzo(g,h,i)perylene, chrysene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene,
indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene, 2-methylnapthalene, perylene, and pyrene).

       Formaldehyde, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, methane, non-methane
hydrocarbons, and total hydrocarbons were detected on every run, both before and after the
catalyst. PES calculated the destruction efficiencies of these compounds for every run using
the calculated mass flow data.

       Benzene was detected before the catalyst during every sampling run, and toluene was
detected before the catalyst during every sampling run except for two. PES calculated the
removal efficiencies of these compounds when they were detected before the catalyst.  The
benzene and the toluene detection limits after the catalyst were  used to estimate destruction
efficiency for these two compounds.

       At the direction of EPA, PES calculated the destruction efficiency of the PAH
compounds only when the compound was detected on two of three PAH sampling runs
before the catalyst. Napthalene and phenanthrene were detected on all three of the sampling
runs before and after the catalyst.  PES calculated the destruction efficiencies of these
compounds for each PAH sampling run using the calculated mass flow data.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF          2-17                              July 2000

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                                               TABLE 2.8
                        REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES OF DETECTED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Run ID
Formaldehyde
Nitrogen Oxides (as NO^
Carbon Monoxide
Methane
Non-methane Hydrocarbons
Total Hydrocarbons
Benzene
Toluene
Napthalene
Phenanthrene
RuntA
46%
-6%
67%
-2%
-6%
-4%
53%
-
-
-
Run 2-7
39%
-1%
69%
-1%
-1%
-2%
75%
86%
-
-
Run 3
28%
-2%
63%
-5%
3%
-8%
63%
85%
-
-
Run 4
50%
-3%
62%
-2%
-5%
-3%
79%
63%
-
-
Run 5
44%
-13%
65%
-2%
-49%
-5%
69%
86%
-
-
Run 6
57%
1%
64%
2%
-8%
1%
80%
87%
-
-
Run 8
51%
-9%
67%
3%
-19%
4%
72%
87%
-
-
RunSA
51%
-7%
64%
-3%
7%
-6%
71%
86%
-
-
Run 10
54%
-5%
65%
0%
0%
-4%
72%
87%
-
-
Run ID
Formaldehyde
Nitrogen Oxides (as NO2)
Carbon Monoxide
Methane
Non-methane Hydrocarbons
Total Hydrocarbons
Benzene
Toluene
Napthalene
Phenanthrene
Run 11
37%
-17%
58%
-4%
-3%
-7%
77%
-
-
-
Run 12
40%
-14%
60%
-2%
-21%
-6%
79%
58%
-
-
Run 13
52%
-5%
64%
1%
0%
-1%
74%
87%
-
-
Run 14
52%
-4%
67%
1%
-7%
0%
70%
86%
-
-
Run 15
52%
-6%
67%
0%
1%
-3%
74%
87%
-
-
Run 16
53%
-7%
66%
-2%
22%
-7%
75%
87%
-
-
PAH1
49%
-4%
60%
-3%
-8%
-3%
78%
61%
53%
54%
PAH 2
39%
-15%
60%
-2%
-8%
-5%
73%
60%
31%
62%
PAH 3
38%
-16%
59%
-3%
-11%
-7%
75%
44%
34%
41%
Average
46%
-7%
64%
-1%
-6%
-4%
73%
77%
39%
52%
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
2-18
July 2000

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                 3.0 SOURCE DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
       This section presents discussions of the candidate engine and the catalyst that was
used for the test program. The sections that follow describe the engine and the operation of
the engine during testing.
3.1    ENGINE DESCRIPTION

       The Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF stationary internal combustion engine is a four-
cylinder, 2-stroke internal combustion engine with a manufacturer's sea level rating of 440
brake-horsepower (bhp) at 300 rpm. Due to the elevation of the EECL, the unit is site-rated
at 378 bhp. The engine was originally manufactured in 1946, but was rebuilt and installed at
the EECL in 1993.  The pistons are 14 inches in diameter with a 14-inch stroke. Air is
delivered to the engine via a supercharged air delivery system; air manifold pressures are
controlled by the EECL process control system.  Engine loading is controlled by a computer-
controlled water brake dynamometer. Before the test program EECL installed an oxidation
catalyst, manufactured by MiraTech Corporation, on the engine. EECL aged the catalyst
under its normal operating condition (i.e., burned in the catalyst) before the test program.
This procedure ensured that the catalyst's HAP destruction efficiency approximated the HAP
destruction efficiency of mature catalysts installed on 2-stroke engines in industry. Table 3.1
presents specifications of the engine and the catalyst. Table 3.2 presents nominal engine
operating parameters.

       The 2-stroke cycle requires only one revolution of the engine crankshaft for each
power stroke, compared to the 4-stroke cycle which requires two revolutions. When the
compressed air/fuel mixture is ignited, the piston travels down the chamber.  Near the end of
the stroke, the piston uncovers ports in the wall of the cylinder chamber, and scavenging air is
introduced. This air consists of fresh air mixed with fuel. As the scavenging air enters the
cylinder, an exhaust valve opens which allows the exhaust products to escape.  When the
piston returns up the cylinder, the ports are covered, the  exhaust valve is closed, and the
air/fuel mixture is compressed in preparation for the next power stroke.

       The GMV-4-TF engine was outfitted with lean-burn technology, which is used for the
control of NOX emissions. The lean-burn system uses pre-combustion chambers to ignite a
lean air/fuel mixture in the main combustion chambers.  A relatively rich mixture of air and
fuel  is drawn into the pre-combustion chamber and is ignited by a spark plug. The resulting
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           3 -1                              July 2000

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                               TABLE 3.1

                ENGINE AND CATALYST SPECIFICATIONS
       Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF (2-stroke lean-burn, natural-gas-fired)
Engine Classification
Manufacturer and Type:
Number of Cylinders:
Bore and Stroke:
Nominal Engine Speed:
Ignition System Classification
Ignition System:
Pre-combustion Chamber Type:
Number of Pre-combustion Chambers:
Catalyst Classification
Manufacturer:
Date of Manufacture:
Model Number:
Serial Number:
Item Number:
Catalyst Material:
Element Size:
Effective Area:
Number of Elements:
Two-stroke, lean-burn, natural-gas-fired
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
4
14 in. x 14 in.
300 rpm
Spark Ignited Pre-combustion Chamber
Altronic CPU-2000
Diesel Supply "Screw-In" Chamber
1 per cylinder
Oxidation Type
MiraTech Corporation
Tulsa, Oklahoma
December 1998
None. Custom-designed unit
None. Custom-designed unit
CSU-1216
Platinum/Palladium on Aluminum
Substrate. Manufactured in Finland by
Kemira.
12 in. x 16 in. x3 in.
llin.xl47/8"
2
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
3-2
July 2000

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                                       TABLE 3.2
                 SUMMARY OF NOMINAL ENGINE PARAMETERS
Parameter
Torque
Speed
Jacket Water Temp (Outlet)
Oil Temperature (Outlet)
Air Manifold Temperature
Air Manifold Pressure
Exhaust Manifold Pressure
Ignition Timing, LPP1
Overall Air/Fuel Ratio
Inlet Air Humidity- Absolute
Fuel Flow
Oil Pressure Inlet
Inlet Air Flow
Average Exhaust Temp
Nominal Value
7720 ft-lb
300 rpm
165 °F
155 °F
110°F
Barometric + 7.5 in. Hg
Air Manifold Pressure -
2.5 in. Hg
18°ATDC
42/1
0.01 5 Ib. H2O/lbAir
3650 scfh
28 psig
1600-1 700 scfm
700 °F
Acceptable
Deviation
± 2% of value
± 5% of value
± 5% of value
± 5% of value
± 5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
± 5% of value
±5% of value
± 10% of value
± 5% of value
± 5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
Designation
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
         For a GMV-4-TF engine operated in normal, i.e., not lean-burn, configuration, the manufacturer
calls for ignition timing to be set at 10° BTDC.  Because the pre-combustion chamber spreads the flame
throughout the engine much faster than a standard spark ignition, the ignition timing had to be retarded. Timing
was retarded so that the Location of Peak Pressure (LPP) was consistent with an engine in the normal firing
configuration.  LPP for this engine is 18° ATDC.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
3-3
July 2000

-------
flame is then directed into the main combustion chamber, which contains a lean mixture of
air and fuel.  The jet from the pre-combustion chamber provides a sufficient source of
ignition for combustion of the air fuel mixture in the main chamber.
3.2    ENGINE OPERATION DURING TESTING

       As stated in Section 2 of this document, there were four types of test runs that were
conducted during the test program: quality assurance runs, sampling runs for
FTIRS/CEMS/GCMS, CARB 429 sampling runs, and daily baseline runs.  The operation of
the engine during these various runs is discussed in the following pages and tables.

       Table 3.3 presents the test matrix for the Cooper-Bessemer engine.  The test matrix
was originally presented in the Quality Assurance Project Plan. During the test program, the
six engine operating parameters that were expected to have the greatest impact on pollutant
formation were varied. These parameters were: engine speed (measured in revolutions per
minute or rpm), engine torque (measured in foot-pounds or ft-lb), air-to-fuel ratio (calculated
as an equivalence factor), engine timing (the location of the cylinder, relative to top dead
center, at the time of peak pressure in the combustion chamber), air manifold temperature
(measured in degrees Fahrenheit), and jacket water outlet temperature (also measured in
degrees Fahrenheit).

       Table 3.4 presents engine parameters that were recorded during each test run and their
percent deviation from the target values. There were fifteen sampling runs conducted on the
engine during the four-day period.  Run 1A was a make-up run for the original run at
Condition No. 1. The run was repeated because the EECL DAS recorded no data from the
FTIRS (neither up- nor downstream of the catalyst). Run 9 A is a repeat of Run 9.  Run 9
was invalidated because the engine speed at the completion of the run did not agree with the
target engine speed for that condition. In the original test plan, the sampling runs for PAH
compounds were to be conducted at the single load condition at the end of the 16 test points.
Because of time constraints, two of these runs (PAH 1 and PAH 3) were combined with the
CEMS, FTIRS, and GCMS sampling.  Run PAH 1 was conducted simultaneously with Run
4, and Run PAH 3 was conducted simultaneously with Runs 11 (for the first hour) and 12
(for the second hour).  Sampling Run PAH 2 was conducted at Condition 8 but the PAH run
was not conducted simultaneously with the FTIRS, CEMS, and GCMS runs.  The engine was
set up at parameters prescribed by Condition 8 a second time for run PAH 2.  Further
discussions of these issues may be found in the report submitted by CSU EECL. This report
is included in Appendix A of this document.

       Conditions 2 and 7 were combined because of factors surrounding the air/fuel ratio.
The air fuel ratios prescribed in the QAPP were unrealistically rich for the 2-stroke, lean-burn
engine. In order to meet the air/fuel ratios in the test plan, the air manifold pressure would
have had to be dropped below the manufacturer's minimum recommendation. Operating the
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           3-4                              July 2000

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                             TABLE 3.3
      TARGET ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS DURING TESTING
Operating
Conditions
Tested:
Condition 1
Condition 2
Condition 3
Condition 4
Condition 5
Condition 6
Condition 7
Condition 8
Condition 9
Condition 10
Condition 1 1
Condition 12
Condition 13
Condition 14
Condition 15
Condition 16

Speed
(rpm)
H
H
L
L
H
H
H
L
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
L = 270
H = 300
Torque
(% of
maximum)
H
L
L
H
H
H
L
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
L = 70
H=100
Air/Fuel
Ratio
(+)
N
N
N
N
L
H
H
L
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N = 0.33
L = 0.30
H = 0.36
Timing
(° BTDC)
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S ^
S
L
H
S
S
S = 2.5
L=l
H = 6
Air Manifold
Temperature
<°F>
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
L
H
S
S
S
S
S
S
S = 110
L = 90
H = 130
Jacket Water
Temperature
CD
s
S
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
L
H
S
s
s
s
S = 165
L=155
H = 175
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
3-5
July 2000

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engine this way could have damaged the engine. CSU set the air manifold over pressure to
7.75 inches of mercury, which resulted in an air/fuel ratio of 58.9, which corresponds to
364% excess air, or an equivalence factor, , of 0.27. The points were combined because this
air/fuel ratio was less than the prescribed air/fuel ratio for both of the two test points.

       Table 3.5 presents engine parameters during baseline test points. The testing was
conducted over a period of four days. During that period the engine did not run continuously,
but was shut down each night.  Test accuracy required that the overall engine operation did
not change over the four-day period. The stability of the engine over this period was
demonstrated by operating the engine at a "baseline" condition for one 5-minute period on
the first day of testing and for one  5-minute period on each subsequent day of the testing.
The baseline condition was corresponded to the manufacturer's recommended settings.
Changes to the baseline parameters would have indicated a change in the overall operating
characteristics of the engine. It would not have been possible to distinguish between
emission rate changes attributable  to changes in the independent variables and emission rate
changes attributable to random changes in the performance of the engine. Table 3.5 presents
values of the stability parameters and their deviation from their proscribed values (see
Table 3.2) for the engine baseline run conducted on March 30,1999.  The table presents the
data for the three remaining baseline checks, but the deviations reported are from the
measured parameter during the first baseline check.  We present the data in this fashion
because stability of these parameters over the duration of the test program is more important
than the deviation of the parameters from the engine manufacturer's nominal values for them.
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           3-6                              July 2000

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                                                   TABLE 3.4




                        SUMMARY OF ENGINE PARAMETERS - COOPER BESSEMER GMV-4-TF
Run ID
Actual
Engine Speed, rpm Target
% diff
Actual
Engine Torque ft-lb Target
% diff
Actual
Equivalence Ratio, $ (= 1/%EA) Target
% diff
Actual
Timing, Location of Peak
Pressure, °ATDC 9
% diff
Actual
Air Manifold Temperature, "F Target
% diff
Actual
Jacket Water Temperature, °F Target
% diff
Horsepower bhp
Fuel Flow Rate scfh
Higher Heating Value Btu/cf
Heat Rate MMBtu/hr
Dry Fuel Factor, Fd dscf/MMBtu
RunIA
300
300
0%
7723
7720
0.0%
0.33
0.33
-1.4%
19.2
18.0
7%
111
110
0.1%
164
165
-0.5%
441
3672
1072
3.94
8664
Run 2-7
299
300
0%
5285
5404
-2.2%
0.27
0.33
-19.7%
18.5
18.0
3%
109
110
-0.1%
165
165
0.0%
302
2835
1090
3.09
8672
Run 3
269
270
0%
5286
5404
-2.2%
0.25
0.33
-23.6%
18.2
18.0
1%
110
110
0.0%
164
165
-0.5%
272
2491
1090
2.72
8672
Run 4
270
270
0%
7324
7720
-5.1%
0.32
0.33
-2.8%
17.2
18.0
-4%
110
110
0.0%
165
165
0.0%
377
3279
1032
3.38
8661
RunS
300
300
0%
7731
7720
0.1%
0.30
0.30
-0.4%
18.7
18.0
4%
111
110
0.1%
164
165
-0.4%
441
3661
1072
3.92
8664
Run 6
300
300
0%
7727
7720
0.1%
0.34
0.36
-6.4%
18.0
18.0
0%
110
110
0.0%
164
165
-0.5%
442
3646
1072
3.91
8664
Run 8
270
270
0%
7360
7720
-4.7%
0.27
0.30
-8.9%
18.0
18.0
0%
110
110
0.0%
165
165
-0.3%
378
3130
1072
3.35
8664
Run9A
299
300
0%
7728
7720
0.1%
0.33
0.33
0.3%
18.0
18.0
0%
92
90
0.3%
165
165
0.0%
441
3626
1090
3.95
8672
Run 10
299
300
0%
7729
7720
0.1%
0.32
0.33
-2.0%
18.3
18.0
2%
130
130
0.0%
165
165
-0.1%
442
3674
1090
4.01
8672
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
3-7
July 2000

-------
                                          TABLE 3.4 (CONCLUDED)




                       SUMMARY OF ENGINE PARAMETERS - COOPER BESSEMER GMV-4-TF
Run ID
Actual
Engine Speed, rpm Target
% diff
Actual
Engine Torque ft-lb Target
% diff
Actual
Equivalence Ratio, 41 (= 1/%EA) Target
% diff
Actual
Timing, Location of Peak Taraet
Pressure, "ATDC 9
% diff
Actual
Air Manifold Temperature, *F Target
% diff
Actual
Jacket Water Temperature, °F Target
%diff
Horsepower bhp
Fuel Flow Rate scfh
Higher Heating Value Btu/cf
Heat Rate MMBtu/hr
Dry Fuel Factor, Fd dscf/MMBtu
Run 11
270
270
0%
7356
7720
-4.7%
0.30
0.33
-9.9%
18.9
18.0

5%
110
110
0.1%
154
155
-0.5%
378
3277
1032
3.38
8661
Run 12
270
270
0%
7349
7720
-4.8%
0.29
0.33
-11.6%
18.7
18.0

4%
110
110
0.1%
175
175
-0.3%
378
3271
1032
3.38
8661
Run 13
300
300
0%
7727
7720
0.1%
0.33
0.33
-1.5%
21.3
21.0

1%
110
110
0.1%
164
165
-0.6%
441
3727
1072
3.99
8664
Run 14
300
300
0%
7728
7720
0.1%
0.32
0.33
-1.7%
16.9
16.9

0%
110
110
0.0%
164
165
-0.4%
441
3585
1072
3.84
8664
Run 15
299
300
0%
7729
7720
0.1%
0.32
0.33
-3.5%
19.0
18.0

6%
111
110
0.1%
165
165
0.0%
442
3715
1090
4.05
8672
Run 16
299
300
0%
7731
7720
0.1%
0.33
0.33
-1.4%
19.0
18.0

6%
111
110
0.1%
164
165
-0.6%
442
3713
1090
4.05
8672
PAH1
270
270
0%
7326
7720
-5.1%
0.33
0.33
-0.7%
17.1
18.0

-5%
110
110
0.0%
165
165
0.0%
377
3277
1032
3.38
8661

270
270
0%
7341
7720
-4.9%
0.29
0.33
-13.1%
18.9
18.0

5%
110
110
0.1%
165
165
-0.2%
377
3300
1032
3.41
8661

270
300
-10%
7353
7720
-4.8%
0.29
0.33
-10.8%
18.8
18.0

4%
110
110
•0.1%
164
165
-0.4%
378
3274
1032
3.38
8661
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
                                                         3-8
July 2000

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                                              TABLE 3.5

                SUMMARY OF ENGINE PARAMETERS DURING BASELINE RUNS
Run ID
Actual
Engine Speed, rpm
Deviation 1
Actual
Engine Torque, ft-lb
Deviation
Actual
Air/Fuel Ratio
Deviation
Timing, Location of Peak Actual
Pressure, °ATDC Deviation
Actual
Air Manifold Temperature, "F
Deviation
Actual
Jacket Water Temperature, °F
Deviation
Actual
Oil Temperature, °F
Deviation
Actual
Air Manifold Pressure, in. Hg
Deviation
Exhaust Manifold Pressure, in. Actual
Hg Deviation
Actual
Inlet Air Humidity, ib H2O/lb air
Deviation
Actual
Fuel Flow, scfh
Deviation
Actual
Oil Pressure, psig
Deviation
Actual
Inlet Air Flow, scfh
Deviation
Actual
Exhaust Temperature, °F
Deviation
Baseline 1
299
-0.33%
7724
0.05%
41.51
-1.2%
18.5
2.7%
110
0.00%
165
0.00%
155
0.00%
7.76
3.5%
5.00
0.00%
0.01508
0.53%
3786
3.7%
27.59
-1.5%
1716
4.0%
694
-0.86%
Baseline 2
300
0.33%
7723
-0.01%
42.08
1.4%
18.4
-0.32%
110
0.00%
164
-0.61%
155
0.00%
7.75
-0.13%
5.00
0.00%
0.01497
-0.73%
3770
-0.42%
26.59
-3.6%
1734
1.0%
721
3.9%
Baseline 3
299
0.00%
7751
0.35%
42.40
2.1%
18.7
1.4%
110
0.00%
165
0.00%
154
-0.65%
7.74
-0.26%
4.97
-0.60%
0.01532
1.6%
3814
0.74%
32.47
18%
1767
3.0%
700
0.86%
Baseline 4
300
0.33%
7724
0.00%
42.55
2.5%
18.9
2.0%
110
0.00%
164
-0.61%
155
0.00%
7.75
-0.13%
4.99
-0.20%
0.01481
-1.8%
3873
2.3%
30.78
12%
1801
5.0%
692
-0.29%
   1 Deviation for Baseline Run No. 1 is calculated with respect the manufacturer's recommended engine operating parameters.
    For Baseline Run Nos. 2, 3, and 4, deviation is calculated with respect to the results of Baseline Run No. 1
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
3-9
July 2000

-------
                           4.0  SAMPLING LOCATIONS
       Figure 4.1 presents a schematic drawing of the exhaust gas piping on the GMV-4-TF
engine.  The exhaust piping consisted of a 12-inch internal diameter (ID) pipe that connected
the engine exhaust manifold to the catalyst. A second section of 12-inch pipe connected the
catalyst outlet to the exhaust silencer.

       The sampling location before the catalyst consisted of several sets of sampling ports
used for isokinetic sampling, velocity traverses, and extraction of sample gas for the FTIRS,
CEM and GCMS systems.  CARB 429 sampling before the catalyst was conducted using two
sample ports. One port, which was a 3-in ID port, was used for the CARB  Method 429
sample probe.  The second port (1-inch ID) was used for velocity traverses before and after
each test run. The nearest upstream disturbance from the isokinetic sampling port was
56 inches (4.58 diameters) upstream of the port.  The disturbance consisted of a 90° pipe
elbow connecting the exhaust pipe to the engine's exhaust manifold. A flange, which
connected two sections of the exhaust pipe, was 23 inches upstream of the  3-inch ports, but
was not considered a flow disturbance.  The nearest downstream disturbance from the 3-inch
port was another 90° pipe elbow, which was 52 inches (4.33 diameters) downstream of the
3-inch port.  The nearest upstream disturbance from the 1-inch port, which was used for
velocity traverses, was the 90° pipe elbow that was 81.5 inches (6.79 diameters) upstream.
The nearest disturbance downstream of the 1-inch port was the second 90° pipe elbow, found
26.5  inches (2.21 diameters) downstream of the 1-inch sample port. PES conducted
isokinetic and velocity traverses through the horizontal ports using a twelve-point traverse
matrix.  The sample point locations are presented in Figure 4.2 for the sampling locations
before and after the catalyst.

       Multiple ports were also installed on the pipe after the catalyst. A 3-inch ID sample
port, located 9 inches downstream of the CARB 429 port, was used for the CARB 429
sample probe, and a 1-inch sample port, was used for velocity traverses. The nearest
upstream disturbance from the 3-inch ID sample port was the catalyst outlet, which was
96.5 inches (8.04 diameters) upstream of the port.  The nearest downstream disturbance from
the 3-inch sample port was a 90° pipe elbow upstream of the exhaust silencer. The exact
distance to the pipe elbow could not be measured because the elbow was not accessible from
the roof. The elbow was greater than 89 inches (7.4 diameters) downstream of the 3-inch
sample  port used for CARB sampling. The nearest upstream disturbance from the 1 -inch
port  used for velocity traverses was the catalyst exit.  The exit was 105.5 inches (8.79
diameters) upstream of the port.  The 90° pipe elbow was greater than 80 inches
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF            4-1                              July 2000

-------
(6.67 diameters) downstream of the 1-inch sample port. PES used a four-point traverse
matrix for both the CARB 429 and the velocity sampling at this location. All four sample
points were on the horizontal traverse line.
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           4-2                               July 2000

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           Figure 4.1 Sample Port Locations for Velocity, CARB 429, FTIRS, CEMS, AND GCMS Sampling
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
4-3
July 2000

-------
          Catalyst Inlet
Traverse
Point
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Distance
from inside
wall (in.)
01/2
0 13/16
1 7/16
21/8
3
41/4
73/4
9
97/8
109/16
11 3/16
11 1/2
         Catalyst Outlet
                                                    Traverse
                                                     Point
                                                    Number
                      Distance
                     from inside
                      wall (in.)
                                                      1
                                                      2
                                                      3
                                                      4
                       03/16
                       3
                       9
                       11 3/16
       Figure 4.2 Sample Point Locations for Velocity and CARB 429 Sampling
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
4-4
July 2000

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                   5.0  SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS METHODS
       This section discusses the various sampling and analysis methods employed by PES,
EMI, and EECL to quantify the HAP emission rates before and after the oxidation catalyst.
PES selected the sampling and analysis procedures that would provide the information
required by during the planning stages of the project. The methods were selected to provide
the required data in the most economical fashion, while providing the quality required by
Emissions Standards Division (BSD).

       PES divided these methods into two categories based upon quality control procedures
employed. Type I methods were typical source test methods, designed by EPA to be
portable, field test procedures. PES and the subcontractors followed QA and calibration
procedures described in 40 CFR 60, Appendix A (or other references as  appropriate) for these
methods.

       Type II methods were those that used permanently installed instruments housed in a
temperature-controlled environment and operated in the same fashion as continuous monitors
used by industry to show compliance with emission regulations. Because these instruments
are maintained in a laboratory-type environment (the control room at EECL), fewer QA
activities and calibrations adequately show their continuing accuracy.  The only significant
change to the quality assurance activities was that fewer instrument calibrations were done to
quantify instrument drift.  Historical calibration data for the instruments shows their stable
operation over extended, e.g., 24-hour, periods.  Multipoint calibrations  were conducted
(including the sampling system bias checks) on these instruments once at the beginning of
each engine test.

       Table 5.1 summarizes the parameters measured, the sampling methods, the
classification, and measurement principle. The text that follows presents brief descriptions of
the sampling and analysis  procedures used.
5.1    LOCATION OF MEASUREMENT SITES AND SAMPLE/VELOCITY
       TRAVERSE POINTS

       PES used EPA Method 1, "Sample and Velocity Traverses for Stationary Sources," to
select the measurement sites for velocity traverses and CARB 429 sampling up- and
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           5-1                             July 2000

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                                       TABLE 5.1
              SUMMARY OF SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS METHODS
Parameter
Sample Point Location
Velocity and Volumetric Flow
Volumetric Flow
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
Moisture
Nitrogen Oxides
Carbon Monoxide
Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde,
Acrolein
1,3 -Butadiene, Hexane,
Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl
benzene, Xylenes, Styrene
Methane
Non-methane hydrocarbons
Total Hydrocarbons
Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons
Test Method
EPA Method 1
EPA Method 2C
EPA Method 19
EPA Method 3A
EPA Method 4
GRI Protocol1
Carbon Balance2
EPA Method 7E
EPA Method 10
GRI Protocol
Alternate Method 17
EPA Method 25A (modified)
EPA Method 25A (modified)
EPA Method 25A
CARB 429
QA Category
Type I
Type I
Type II
Type II
Type I
Type I
Type I
Type II
Type II
Type II
Type I
Type II
Type II
Type II
Type I
Measurement
Principle
Linear Measurement
Differential Pressure
Stoichiometry
Paramagnetic and
Non-dispersive
Infrared Analyzers
Gravimetric
FTIRS Analyzer
Stoichiometry
Chemiluminescent
Analyzer
GFC/NDIR Analyzer
FTIRS Analyzer
Gas Chromatograph
w/ Mass Spectrometer
Detector
GC-FID Analyzer
GC-FID Analyzer
FID Analyzer
Low Resolution
GCMS
       1 Measurement of Select Hazardous Air Pollutants, Criteria Pollutants, and Moisture Using Fourier
Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Presented as an Appendix to Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIRS) Method Validation at a Natural Gas-Fired Internal Combustion Engine (GRI-95/0271),
Gas Research Institute, December 1995.

       2 Derivation of General Equation for Obtaining Engine Exhaust Emissions on a Mass Basis Using the
"Total Carbon" Method.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
5-2
July 2000

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downstream of the catalyst. PES used the cyclonic flow check procedure outlined in
Method 1 to evaluate the suitability of the inlet location for isokinetic sampling. The
measurement sites are discussed in Section 4.0.
5.2    DETERMINATION OF STACK GAS VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE

       PES used two methods to calculate the volumetric flow of the stack gas up- and
downstream of the catalyst. During the PAH runs, Method 2C was used in direct support of
the CARB 429 sampling. The mass flow rates of the PAH compounds and the run-by-run
detection limits are calculated using the results of these velocity traverses. Method 19 was
used to calculate the volumetric flow rate of the exhaust gases for Runs 1A through 16 and
during the PAH runs. The mass flow rates of pollutants measured by CEMS, GCMS, and
FTIRS were calculated using  the Method 19 flow data.

       PES used EPA Method 2C, "Determination of Stack Gas Velocity and Volumetric
Flow Rate in Small Stacks or  Ducts (Standard Pitot Tube)," to determine stack gas velocity
during CARB 429 sampling.  The test crew used a standard pitot tube,  constructed according
to specifications of Section 2.7 of Method 2 and having a coefficient (Cp) of 0.99.  The pitot
tube was connected to an inclined/vertical manometer and the Ap measured at each traverse
point. Stack gas temperature  was measured using a Type-K thermocouple. The average
stack gas velocity was calculated from the average of the square roots of the Ap values, the
average stack gas temperature, the stack gas molecular weight, and the absolute stack
pressure. The volumetric flow rate is the product of velocity and the stack cross-sectional
area of the duct at the sampling location. PES conducted a velocity traverse using the
standard pitot tube before each run and adjusted the sampling rate of the CARB 429 train
based upon these data. PES employed this approach with the approval of the WAM.  Access
to the sampling locations was severely restricted due to the short runs of exhaust piping and
the profusion of sampling probes required during each sampling run.

       EPA Method 19, "Determination of Sulfur Dioxide Removal Efficiency and
Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide, and Nitrogen Oxides Emissions Rates," uses a fuel factor
to calculate the volume of combustion products generated upon combustion of specific fuel
types.  EECL personnel analyzed a sample of the natural gas fuel during each day of testing.
The results of the compositional analysis were used to calculate the higher heating value and
oxygen-based F-factor, Fd. The EECL Engine Control and Monitoring System recorded
stack gas O2 concentrations and the fuel consumption rate during testing.  These data were
used to calculate the exhaust  gas flow rates by multiplying the fuel consumption by the fuel
factor and correcting for excess air. Exhaust gas flow rates were calculated before and after
the catalyst for each run.  The natural  gas heating values and the calculated F-factors used
for each test run are presented in Table 2.2.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           5-3                              July 2000

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5.3    DETERMINATION OF STACK GAS DRY OXYGEN AND CARBON
      DIOXIDE CONTENT

      EECL used EPA Method 3 A, "Determination of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
Concentrations in Emissions from Stationary Sources (Instrumental Analyzer Procedure)," to
measure oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the exhaust gas during testing.  EECL's
sample gas extraction and transport system extracted a gas sample from the exhaust gas
stream. The sample was conditioned to remove moisture and entrained particulate matter and
directed the Rosemount NGA-2000 gas analysis system.  Oxygen was measured using the
paramagnetic detection principle. Carbon dioxide was measured using and non-dispersive
infrared (NDIR) analyzer. The oxygen and carbon dioxide monitors were calibrated with a
pre-purified zero gas and three upscale gas standards corresponding to approximately 30, 55,
and 85 percent of the instruments' analytical ranges. EECL used only EPA Protocol gas
standards certified by the gas manufacturer.  The calibration gases that were used and the
calibration responses of the instruments are discussed in Section 6.0 of this document. A
schematic diagram of the CEMS/FTIRS sampling and analysis system is presented in
Figure 5.1.
5.4    DETERMINATION OF STACK GAS MOISTURE CONTENT

       PES and EECL used three methods to determine the moisture concentration in the
exhaust gas before and after the catalyst. During the PAH runs, Method 4 was used in direct
support of the CARB 429 sampling. During the CEMS/GCMS/FTIRS runs, moisture was
measured using the FTIRS upstream of the catalyst, and by a carbon balance calculation
downstream from the catalyst. During the testing, EECL personnel determined that the
moisture concentrations after the catalyst, as measured by the Nicolet Magna 560 FTIRS
analyzer, were about 6 percent higher than actual.  EECL calculated the moisture
concentration after the catalyst using a carbon balance method.

       PES used EPA Method 4, "Determination of Moisture Content in Stack Gases," to
measure the flue gas moisture content during the CARB 429 sampling. The gas sample was
extracted from the exhaust pipe and pulled through an impinger train chilled by an ice bath.
The field technicians weighed the impinger train (including the XAD®-2 sorbent trap) before
and after sampling. PES then calculated the quantity of water collected in the train and the
moisture content of the stack gas.

       EECL used methodology described in the document "Measurement of Select
Hazardous Air Pollutants, Criteria Pollutants, and Moisture Using Fourier Transform
Infrared (FTIRS) Spectroscopy"io measure moisture concentrations upstream of the catalyst
This document is referred to in this report as the GRI Protocol, and is presented as
Appendix B of a report published by the Gas Research Institute:  "Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIRS) Method Validation at a Natural Gas-Fired Internal Combustion

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF          5-4                              July 2000

-------
Engine."  A sample of the gas was extracted from the exhaust and directed to a Nicolet Rega
7000 FTIRS analyzer to measure the moisture concentration in the exhaust gas. The gas
sample was filtered to remove entrained particulate matter and transported to the analyzer via
a heated Teflon sampling line.  Further discussion of the FTIRS sampling and analysis
method may be found in the report generated by the EECL and the GRI protocol, which is
contained in Appendix D.

       Because the FTIRS analyzer downstream of the catalyst did not measure the moisture
concentration accurately, EECL used a carbon balance method to calculate the moisture
present in the gas stream downstream of the catalyst. The method used is discussed in the
EECL report in Appendix A.
5.5    DETERMINATION OF NITROGEN OXIDES

       EPA Method 7E, "Determination of Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Stationary
Sources (Instrumental Analyzer Procedure)," determined nitrogen oxide content of the
exhaust gases.  These tests also provided the data needed to do the EPA Method 301
validation of the FTIRS for NOX emissions from this source.  A gas sample was extracted
from the exhaust gas stream, conditioned to remove moisture, and the nitrogen oxide
concentration determined by an instrumental analyzer.  The measurement principle for oxides
of nitrogen is chemiluminescence. The NOX monitor was calibrated with a pre-purified zero
gas, and three upscale gas standards corresponding to approximately 30, 55, and 85 percent
of the instruments analytical ranges.  EECL used EPA Protocol gas standards certified by the
gas manufacturer. The calibration gases that were used and the calibration responses of the
instruments are discussed in Section 6.0 of this document. A schematic  diagram of the
CEMS/FTIRS  sampling and analysis system is presented in Figure 5.1.
5.6    DETERMINATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE

       EPA Method 10, "Determination of Carbon Monoxide Emissions from Stationary
Sources," measured CO concentration of the exhaust gas during the testing. These tests also
provided the data needed to do the EPA Method 301 validation of the FTIRS sampling and
analysis system for CO emissions from this source. A gas sample was extracted from the
exhaust gas stream, conditioned to remove moisture, and the carbon monoxide concentration
determined by an instrumental analyzer. The measurement principle for carbon monoxide is
GFC/NDIR. The CO monitor was calibrated using a pre-purified zero gas and three upscale
gas standards corresponding to approximately 30, 55 and 85 percent of the instrument's
analytical range. All gas standards used for calibrations were prepared according to EPA
Protocol 1 and certified by the gas manufacturer. The calibration gases that were used and
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           5-5                             July 2000

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on
   Miratech
   Oxidation
   Catalyst
    Exhaust
     Flow
                          Heated Sample Line
Heated Sample Line
                                                        Nicole! Magna 560
                                                        FTIR Analyzer
                    CH./NMHC Analyzer
                                                         THC Analyzer
                                                         CO Analyzer
                                                         NO, Analyzer
                                                        Oj/CO, Analyzer
                     A A
                                                     Calibration Gas Cylinders
                                                        OJCO, Analyzer
                                                        NO, Analyzer
                                                         CO Analyzer
                                                         THC Analyzer
                                                       CH/NMHC Analyzer
                    Nicolet Rega 7000
                    FTIR Analyzer
Figure 5.1. Schematic Diagram of EECL CEMS/FTIRS Sampling and Analysis System
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
        5-6
July 2000

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the calibration responses of the instruments are discussed in Section 6.0 of this document. A
schematic diagram of the CEMS/FTIRS sampling and analysis system is presented in
Figure 5.1.
5.7    DETERMINATION OF METHANE AND NON-METHANE
       HYDROCARBONS

       A modification of EPA Method 25 A, "Determination of Total Gaseous Organic
Concentration Using a Flame lonization Analyzer," determined the methane and non-
methane concentrations at the inlet and the outlet of the catalyst.  Gas samples extracted from
each gas stream were transported to MSA 103 OH Methane/Non-Methane Analyzers. These
analyzers are single-purpose gas chromatographs that separate methane from the other
organic compounds in the sample by passing the sample through a separation column.  The
methane elutes from the column first and is directed to the flame ionization detector. Then,
the analyzer reverses the flow through the column and the remaining organic compounds are
back flushed to the same detector.  The analyzer sums the two fractions to yield the
concentration of total organic compounds.  Because this unit is a gas chromatograph, it
cannot measure methane and non-methane concentrations continuously. During testing, each
analyzer determined concentrations once every five minutes. This frequency is sufficient for
testing on RICE because the operating conditions were maintained within close constraints.
Each analyzer was calibrated before the test program using methane and propane calibration
standards corresponding to approximately 30, 50, and 85 percent of the instrument span.  The
calibration gases that were used and the calibration responses of the instruments are
discussed in Section 6.0 of this document.  A schematic diagram of the CEMS/FTIRS
sampling and analysis system is presented in Figure 5.1.
5.8    DETERMINATION OF GASEOUS ORGANIC HAPS USING FTIRS

       EECL used two FTIRS systems that met the sampling and analysis requirements set
forth in the GRI Protocol. EPA has approved the methodology outlined in the GRI protocol
for use on natural-gas-fired reciprocating internal combustion engines on July 21, 1995. The
extractive FTIRS continuously extracts a sample gas from the stack, transports the sample to
the FTIRS system, and does spectral analysis of the sample gas. The computer system
analyzes sample gas spectra for target analytes continuously and archives them for possible
later re-analysis.

       The sampling and measurement system consists of the following components:

       •  heated probe;
       •  heated filter;
       •  heat-traced Teflon® sample line;

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           5-7                             July 2000

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       •   Teflon® coated, heated-head sample pump;
       •   FTIRS spectrometer; and
       •   QA/QC apparatus.

       EECL validated each sample extraction and analysis system for formaldehyde,
acetaldehyde, and acrolein before testing. The results of the FTIRS validation are discussed
in Section 6. The basic sampling procedure consisted of EEGL taking an initial
interferogram of the stack gas with the FTIRS measurement and analysis system before each
test to describe the sample matrix. This measured the concentrations of moisture and the
target pollutants and allowed for adjustments to the cell pathlength and the spectral analysis
regions if the concentrations differ from expectations.  Sample conditioning was not
necessary at the EECL test site.

       After QA/QC procedures and initial adjustments were completed for a given test day,
a gas sample was drawn continuously through the heated FTIRS cell while the system
collected spectral data. The FTIRS systems collected data simultaneously with the other
continuous monitors and with the manual train sampling for PAHs during CARS 429 runs.
The spectrometer collected one complete spectrum of the sample, as an interferogram, per
second and averaged interferograms over 1-minute periods. The FTIRS computer converted
these time-integrated interferogram into conventional wave number spectra, analyzed for the
target compounds and archived the data.  Sample collection was 33 minutes in duration,
coinciding with the test runs.
5.9    DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC HAPS BY DIRECT INTERFACE GCMS

       EMI conducted direct interface GC/MS sampling using EPA Alternate Method 17,
"Determination of Gaseous Organic Compounds by Direct Interface GC/MS." The sampling
and analytical procedures used during this testing program followed those detailed in the
method, which is presented in Appendix D of this document. The instrument was calibrated
specifically for this test project using a manufacturer's certified compressed gas mixture of
nine target analytes (benzene, toluene, o, m, p-xylenes, styrene, ethyl benzene, 1,3-butadiene,
and hexane). The instrument was also calibrated for all compounds identified in Section 1 of
the method approximately one month before this test; this calibration was used to identify
additional potential analytes not specific to this test program. Run-by-run detection limits for
the GCMS compounds are presented in Section 6 of this document.

       Effluent gas samples were withdrawn at a constant flow rate from a single point near
the center of the duct. Effluent was withdrawn at approximately 1.5 liters per minute through
the sampling system for no less than 5 minutes before sample acquisition. This conditioning
period serves to equilibrate fully all of the sampling system components.  EMI estimated that
the gas residence time through the sampling system at this flow rate is less than 1 minute.
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF            5-8                              July 2000

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Figure 5.2 presents a schematic of the GCMS measurement system(s) used during the test
program.

      Exhaust gas samples were acquired simultaneously from the catalyst inlet and outlet
sampling locations. A total of four samples was acquired from each location for each of the
designated engine test runs.  The run duration was approximately 30 minutes. For the test
runs where PAH sampling trains were run, each GCMS measurement system acquired as
many samples as possible during the run duration.

      The GCMS instrumentation was operated using a non-evaporative getter (NEG) pump
to maintain the requisite high internal vacuum needed to generate mass spectra.  Internal
standards were co-added with every effluent sample in the GC sample loop before injection
into the GC.  The internal standards used were 1,3,5-trifluoromethyl benzene (TRIS) and
bromopentafluoro benzene (BPFB). These compounds are not usually found in industrial
processes. They were used to tune the mass spectrometer, to assess the stability and
performance of the GCMS on each sample run, and to determine adherence to the method
QA/QC.  The GC  was operated isothermally at 60°C to separate and detect the target
analytes. The mass spectrometer was operated in a limited full scan mode (a 45-125 amu).
All internal GCMS components were maintained at 60°C.  The procedures detailed in the
Alternate Method  17 were followed for this testing program.

      Before the test program, instrument calibrations were conducted at the EMI
laboratory using a limited full scan mode of mass spectrometer operation (from  45 to
125 amu). The limited full scan mode of operation allowed for the lowest possible detection
limits for the specific target analytes while still generating all of the fragments in each target
compound's mass  spectrum in every run.  The calibration curve prepared in the EMI
laboratory was used to quantify all QA and effluent samples acquired in the field.
Establishing a valid calibration curve requires a 20 percent relative standard deviation
(%RSD) for each  individual analyte over the calibration range.

       Calibrations were done by conducting two successive GCMS runs at each of
4 concentration levels: 10 ppm, 3 ppm, 1 ppm, and 300 ppb. Section  10 of the method
describes the procedures used to calculate the %RSD for each analyte. Four calibration
points were used instead of the three specified by the method in order to obtain a wider
dynamic calibration range, particularly for 1,3-butadiene and hexane (whose Detection
Limits are higher  than the other target analytes).  The calibration and internal standards used
for this testing were certified by the manufacturers.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           5-9                              July 2000

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             Heated Probe 250°F
                                                                                       Sample Line Heated to 300°F
                                   Probe Box Heated to 250°F
  Sample Gas
(1.5 1pm constant
 rate sampling)
                                                                     Excess Sample Atmospheric Vent
                  Mass Flow Meter •
                  Mass Flow Meter •
                  w
                  8
                                                         Condenser Bypass
                                                           Flow Control
                                                                                                     Connection Line
                                                                                                  250 cc/min during GC-MS
                                                                                                    sample acquisition)
                         Condenser
                        Flow Control
                                    Condenser
                                      System
                                                                                                  GC-MS
                                                                                                  Analyzer
                                                                                Control Box Heated to 125°F
                                                                               (or at least 5°F above saturation
                                                                                temperature of sample gas)
                               Figure 5.2  Schematic of GCMS Sampling and Analysis System
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer-GMV-4-TF
                                                        5-10
July 2000

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5.10  DETERMINATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BY
      CARB 429

      PES used CARB Method 429, "Determination ofPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon
(PAH) Emissions from Stationary Sources," to quantify PAH concentrations and emission
rates before and after the catalyst. Sample run times were 120 minutes in duration. The test
plan specified that the PAH tests consist of three sampling runs at the engine operational
condition that exhibited the highest emissions of BTEX compounds as measured by the
GCMS apparatus. The GCMS data collected before the PAH runs showed that BTEX
emissions were close to the analyte detection limits for most of the  conditions, so PAH
testing was conducted at four different operational conditions. The first CARB 429 run was
conducted while the engine was  run at Test Condition 4 and the second run was conducted
while the engine was run at Test Condition 8.  During the third run, the engine was operated
at Test Condition 12 for the first part of the run and at Test Condition 13 for the second part
of the run. The difference in conditions was target temperature of the jacket cooling water,
which was not expected to affect formation of PAHs. The PAH testing was conducted in this
fashion to make up for delays  during earlier phases of the test program. Figure 5.3 presents a
schematic diagram of the CARB 429 sample train.

      PES field technicians recovered the CARB Method 429 sample train as described by
CARB Method 429.  Method 429 specifies that sample recovery rinses be done with acetone,
hexane, and methylene chloride. PES collected blank samples of reagent grade water,
acetone, hexane, methylene chloride, unused filters, and XAD®-2 resin cartridges used during
the test program. The sample recovery apparatus consisted of pre-cleaned Teflon® or glass.
Field technicians performed three acetone rinses, three hexane rinses, and three methylene
chloride rinses of each sample train component from the nozzle to the front half of the filter.
They also rinsed the back half of the  filter holder, the connector, and the condenser three
times with acetone. They soaked the back half of the filter holder, connector, and condenser
three times with acetone, hexane, and methylene chloride, for five minutes each time. PES
provided pre-cleaned amber glass sample bottles with Teflon seals  for the recovery of solvent
rinses.

       After sampling and recovery, the CARB .429 sample fractions were stored on ice and
transported by PES personnel from Fort Collins, Colorado to PES' laboratory facilities in
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.  The sample bottles were examined for breakage and
sample loss. The samples were  then transferred by PES personnel to ERG laboratory
facilities in Morrisville, North Carolina for sample extraction and analysis.  ERG extracted
the sample fractions for each PAH sampling run with methylene chloride, then combined the
extracts.  The 6 extracts (3 inlet  samples and 3 outlet samples) were concentrated to a volume
of about 15 ml using a Kuderna-Danish flask, then evaporated to dryness using a nitrogen
blowdown apparatus. The extracts were each reconstituted with 1 ml hexane before analysis
using a gas chromatograph with a low resolution mass spectrometer.  ERG's analytical report
for the PAH samples is attached in Appendix C.

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF           5-11                            July 2000

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Stack
Wall
   Temp.
  Readout
              Pitot
           Manometer
                                                    Oven


                                                    Cyclone (Optional)


                                                    Filter Assembly
 Heated Probe,
  S-type Pitot
&Temp. Sensor
                                                         Sorbent Module
                                                         (water cooled)
                      Orifice
                Orifice
               Manometer
                                Thermocouple
                                      Dry Gas
                                       Meter
                                                    Impingersin Ice Bath:
                                                         Bypass
                                                         Valve
                                                                     Main
                                                                     Valve
                                                         Pump
            Figure 5.3.  Schematic Diagram of CARS 429 PAH Sampling Train
  Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
                                        5-12
July 2000

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                6.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL
                         PROCEDURES AND RESULTS
       Summarized in this section are the specific QA/QC procedures that PES, EECL,
EMI, and ERG personnel employed during the performance of this source testing program.
PES' quality assurance program was based upon the procedures and guidelines contained in
the "Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume III,
Stationary Source Specific Methods," EPA/600/R-94/038c, as well as in the test methods.
These procedures ensure the collection, analysis, and reporting of reliable source test data.
6.1    FTIRS QA/QC PROCEDURES

       EECL calibrated the FTIRS instruments before each engine test series and at the
beginning and end of each test day.  The calibration procedures employed were consistent
with procedures found in the following documents:

       Gas Research Institute Report Number GRI-95/0271 entitled, "Fourier Transform
       Infrared (FTIRS) Method Validation at a Natural Gas-Fired Internal Combustion
       Engine"

       This report was prepared for the Gas Research Institute by Radian Corporation.
Included as appendices are two additional documents, which also have relevance in the test
program:

       "Measurement of Select Hazardous Air Pollutants, Criteria Pollutants, and Moisture
       Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIRS) Spectroscopy" - Prepared by Radian
       International for the Gas Research Institute.

       "Protocol for Performing Extractive FTIRS Measurements to Characterize Various
       Gas Industry Sources for Air Toxics" - Prepared by Radian International for the Gas
       Research Institute.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF              6-1                          July 2000

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6.1.1   FTIRS System Preparation

       Both FTIRS sampling systems (before and after the catalyst) were subjected to an
EPA Method 301 validation process for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein. The
validation process quantified the precision and accuracy of each FTIRS analyzer for these
compounds. Besides the validation program,  EECL personnel performed the following
calibration procedures before each engine test series.

       1.  Source Evaluation - Initial source data were acquired to verify concentration
          ranges of target compounds and possible interferences. This was completed
          before and during the Method 301 validation process for formaldehyde,
          acetaldehyde, and acrolein, and during the test program for moisture.

       2.  Sample System Leak Check - A leak check was done on the portions of the
          system between the sample filter and the pump outlet.  A rotameter was connected
          to the discharge side of the sample pump. The indicated sample flow rate was
          recorded while the  sample system operating at typical temperatures and pressures
          (the sample pump pulled a slight vacuum on the suction side). The inlet was
          closed off just downstream of the sample probe. A rotameter monitored the flow
          rate. A leak rate of 4% or less of the standard sampling rate of 500 ml/min
          indicated an acceptable leak check.

       3.  Analyzer Leak Check - Both FTIRS analyzers were checked to ensure that they
          were operating at normal operating temperatures and pressures.  The operating
          pressures were recorded.  The automatic pressure control device was disabled and
          the inlet to the FTIRS was closed.  The cell was evacuated to 20% or less  of the
          normal operating pressure. After the cell was evacuated, it was isolated and the
          cell pressure was monitored with a dedicated pressure sensor. The leak rate of the
          measurement cell must be less than 10 Torr per minute for 1 minute for the
          analyzer leak to be considered acceptable.

       4.  Cell Pathlength Determination - The FTIRS cell pathlengths were to be
          determined using the procedure outlined in the Field Procedure Section the
          document entitled u Protocol for Performing Extractive FTIRS Measurements to
           Characterize Various Gas Industry Sources for Air Toxics." Because each FTIRS
           was a fixed pathlength unit (i.e., the pathlengths were not adjustable)
           measurements of the cell pathlengths were deemed unnecessary. The cell
           pathlengths specified by the manufacturer were used in the measurement
           algorithms.
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF               6-2                           July 2000

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6.1.2   FTIRS Daily Calibrations and OA Procedures

       Before each day of testing, EECL personnel calibrated each FTIRS system following
the procedures outlined below.

       1.  Instrument Stabilization - Each of the following components were checked for
          proper operation to ensure the stability of the .operation of the FTIRS instruments:

          a)   Instrument heaters and temperature controllers.

          b)   Pressure sensors and pressure controllers.

          c)   Sample system (pump, filters, flow meters, and water knockouts).

       2.  The FTIRS analyzers were purged with conditioned air for a minimum of
          30 minutes before conducting background spectrum analysis.  During periods
          when the instruments were in stand-by mode (i.e., between sampling runs or
          between test days), they were maintained at normal operating temperatures and
          purged with conditioned air.

       3.  Background Spectrum Procedures - Each instrument was allowed to stabilize
          while being purged with Ultrahigh Purity (UHP) nitrogen for 10 minutes. The
          FTIRS spectra were monitored during this time, until CO and H2O concentrations
          reached a steady state. The following procedures were then done:

          a)   The interferogram signal was checked using signal alignment software.

          b)   A single beam spectrum was collected and inspected for irregularities.

          c)   Using the single beam spectrum, the detector was checked for non-linearity,
               and corrected if necessary.

          d)   The instrument alignment procedure was done.

          e)   A background spectrum consisting of 256 scans was collected.

       4.  Analyzer Diagnostics - Analyzer diagnostics were done by analyzing a diagnostic
          standard.  The standard was a 109 ppm CO EPA Protocol gas standard. EECL
          uses CO  because it has distinct spectral features that are sensitive to variations in
          system operation and performance.  The standard was introduced directly into
          each instrument, and instrument readings were allowed to stabilize a 5-minute
          period.  The accuracy and precision of each instrument were calculated. The
          pass/fail  criterion for accuracy and precision was 10% of the concentration of the

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF               6-3                           July 2000

-------
          standard gas. A second diagnostic standard consisting of a blend of CO2, CO,
          CH4 and NOX was analyzed using the same procedure. Each instrument met the
          precision and accuracy requirements.  Analyzer diagnostic data is presented in the
          report generated by EECL

      5.  Indicator Check & Sample Integrity Check - An indicator check was done by
          analyzing an indicator standard. A 10.66 ppm formaldehyde standard was
          introduced directly into each instrument.  The instrument readings were allowed
          to stabilize and a 5-minute data set was collected.  The indicator standard was
          then introduced into the sample system at the sample probe, just upstream of the
          filter.  The instrument readings were allowed to stabilize and a 5-minute set of
          data was collected. The accuracy, precision, and recovery were calculated based
          on equations hi the document entitled "Protocol for Performing Extractive FTIRS
          Measurements to Characterize Various Gas Industry Sources for Ah" Toxics",
          prepared by Radian International for the Gas Research Institute. The pass/fail
          criterion for accuracy, precision, and recovery is 100 ± 10% of the known
          standard (recovery shall be 100 ± 10% of the instrument reading when the
          indicator gas was introduced directly into the instrument.) Each instrument met
          these criteria.  Indicator check and sample integrity data sheets are included with
          the EECL report.

6.1.3  Background Assessment

      During data acquisition procedures, the baseline absorbance was continually
monitored. If at any time the baseline spectrum changed by more than 0.1 absorbance units,
the instrument's interferometer was realigned and a new background spectrum collected.

6.1.4  Post Test Checks

      Upon completion of the daily test program steps 4 and 5 of the pre-test calibration
procedures were repeated.  Both of the FTIRS analyzers met all of the acceptance criteria for
the calibration and QA procedures. Post test calibration data sheets are included in the EECL
report.

6.1.5   FTIRS Validation

       Before the initiation of testing on the engine, both FTIRS sampling and analysis
systems were validated for formaldehyde, acrolein, and acetaldehyde. The validation was
conducted by personnel from ERG, using procedures outlined in EPA Method 301  "Field
Validation of Pollutant Measurement Methods from Various Waste Media."  The validation
was conducted by means of a dynamic spiking the sample gas with known concentrations of
formaldehyde, acrolein, and acetaldehyde. The spike gas consisted of a compressed gas
cylinder containing a mixture of acrolein and acetaldehyde. Formaldehyde was added to the

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF               6-4                          July 2000

-------
mixture by injecting a stock formalin solution onto a heated block at a fixed rate. The
acrolein/acetaldehyde gas standard was used as a carrier gas for the vaporized formaldehyde.
The three-component mixture was injected into each FTIRS sampling system at a point
upstream of each system's filter. Further discussions of the validation procedures employed
may be found in the report generated by EECL.

6.1.6   FTIRS Detection Limits

       Table 6.1 presents the in-stack detection limits for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and
acrolein as reported by CSU EECL.  These detection limits have been used to calculate the
run-by-run mass detection limits for each of the target pollutants.
6.2    CEMS QA/QC PROCEDURES

       The following paragraphs describe the CEMS quality assurance procedures that
EECL personnel used during the test program. The calibration and QC frequencies far
exceeded those required for permanently-installed, compliance analyzers, but are less than
those specified for compliance tests by EPA (40 CFR 60, Appendix A). EECL operates their
CEMS in a way that is more similar to permanently-installed analyzers.

6.2.1  Analyzer Calibration Gases

       EECL used EPA Protocol calibration gases.  The calibration gases were manufactured
by Scott Specialty Gases.  For this program, EPA Protocol 1 calibration gases (RATA Class)
were used. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde/acrolein standards with concentration ranges
between 5-20 ppm were obtained for FTIRS calibrations. These gases are not available as
EPA Protocol Gases, so EECL specified the highest quality available.  Scott supplied
certification sheets, which may be found in the Appendices of EECL's test report.

6.2.2  Response Time Tests

       Response time tests were done on each sample system before initiation of the engine
test program. The response time tests were performed before the FTIRS validation process
for each sampling system. The response time of the slowest responding analyzer (Questar
Baseline) was determined. Response time tests conducted at the EECL indicated sampling
system response times of 1:10 minutes. This is the time for the Rosemount Oxygen Analyzer
(the  slowest responding continuous analyzer) to stabilize to response output of the analyzer.
The  Questar Baseline Industries CH4/Non-CH4 analyzers have a minimum cycle time of
4:50 minutes.  The overall response time for these analyzers when their cycle is started
1:10 minutes after a sample source change is 5:50 minutes. When the CH4/Non-CH4
analyzer cycle time was initiated at a sample source change, the overall response time was
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF               6-5                           July 2000

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9:00 minutes. The response time was tested to assure that the analyzers' response was for
exhaust gas entering the sample system from each of the test point conditions.

6.2.3   Analyzer Calibrations

       Zero and mid-level span calibration procedures were done on the CO, CO2, O2, NOX,
and THC analyzers before each test day. Zero and span drift .checks were performed upon
completion of each data point and upon completion of each test day. A zero and mid-level
gas was introduced individually directly to the back of the analyzers before testing for carbon
monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, total hydrocarbons, Methane/Non-Methane, and oxides
of nitrogen.  The analyzers output response was set to the appropriate levels.  Each analyzer's
stable response was recorded. From this data a linear fit was developed for each analyzer.
The voltages for each analyzer were recorded and used in the following formula:
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF               6-6                           July 2000

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                                                   TABLE 6.1

                            DETECTION LIMITS OF FTTRS AND CEMS COMPOUNDS
Run ID
Run 1A
Run 2-7
Run 3
Run 4
RunS
Run 6
Run 8
RunSA
Run 10
Catalyst Inlet
i- ._,!._. mg/bhp-hr
Formaldehyde
mlb/hr
. . , . . . mg/bhp-hr
Acetaldehyde
mlb/hr
. , . mg/bhp-hr
Acrolem
mlb/hr
Nitrogen Oxides (as N02) 9/bhp~hr
Ib/hr
_ . ., . g/bhp-hr
Carbon Monoxide
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Methane
IWhr
Q/bhp-hr
Non-methane Hydocarbons
Ib/hr
....... . g/bhp-hr
Total Hydrocarbons
Ib/hr
3.6
3.5
18
18
18
17
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
00002
5.4
3.6
27
18
25
16
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.04
0.03
0.0003
00002
5.8
3.5
29
17
25
15
0.002
0.001
0.02
001
0.2
0.1
0.04
0.03
0.0003
0.0002
3.2
2.6 -
16
13
19
16
0.001
0.001
0.02
001
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.02
0.0002
0.0002
3.9
3.8
19
19
18
18
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
01
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.5
3.4
18
17
18
17
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
4.5
3.8
23
19
20
16
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
01
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.3
3.2
16
16
15
15
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0 1
01
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.4
3.3
17
17
17
16
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
Catalyst Outlet
<- I., i. _. mg/bhp-hr
Formaldehyde , ^
mlb/hr
A i u u j mg/bhp-hr
Acetaldehyde
mlb/hr
. . . mg/bhp-hr
Acrdem
mlb/hr
Nitrogen Oxides (as NO2) 9/bhp"hr
Ib/hr
„ . .. , g/bhp-hr
Carbon Monoxide
Ib/hr
.. L. g/bhp-hr
Methane
Ib/hr
Q/bhp-hr
Non-methane Hydocarbons
Ib/hr
T * i u -• -i. g/bhp-hr
Total Hydrocarbons
Ib/hr
4.3
4.2
18
17
80
78
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
003
0.0002
0.0002
5.6
3.7
23
15
98
65
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.04
0,03
0.0003
0.0002
6.4
3.8
26
16
103
62
0.002
0001
003
0.02
0.2
0.1
0.04
0.03
0.0003
0.0002
4.2
3.5
17
14
79
65
0.001
0001
002
0.01
0 1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
00002
4.6
4.5
19
18
83
80
0.002
0.001
002
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
003
00002
0.0002
3.9
3.8
16
16
73
71
0.001
0.001
002
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
4.4
3.6
18
15
74
62
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.6
3.5
15
14
65
63
0.001
0001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1-
0.03
003
0.0002
0.0002
39
38
16
16
72
70
0001
0001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
00002
0.0002
   0fchp-hr - grams per brake horsepower hour
   Whr - pounds per hour
   mg/bhp-hr - mttgrams per brake horsepower hour
   n\Ubhp-tv - rrifcpounds per brake horsepower hour
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-7
July 2000

-------
                                        TABLE 6.1 (CONCLUDED)

                         DETECTION LIMITS OF FTIRS AND CEMS COMPOUNDS
Run ID
Run 11 Run 12
Run 13
Run 14
Run 15
Run 16
PAH1
PAH 2
PAHS
Catalyst Inlet
.... mg/bhp-hr
Formaldehyde
mlb/hr
mg/bhp-hr
Acetaldehyde
mlb/hr
mg/bhp-hr
Acrolein
mlb/hr
Nitrogen Oxides (as NO2) 9*hp"hr
Ib/hr
~ ^_ .. •_, g/bhp-hr
Carbon Monoxide
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Methane
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Non-methane Hydocarbon
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Total Hydrocarbons
Ib/hr
3.6
3.0
18
15
19
16
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.7
3.0
18
15
19
16
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
00002
0.0002
3.9
3.8
20
19
18
18
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.6
3.5
18
18
17
16
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.5
3.4
18
17
18
18
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.5
3.4
18
17
18
18
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.0
2.5
16
13
18
15
0.001
0001
0.02
0.01
0.1
0.1
0.03
0,02
0.0002
0.0002
3.4
2.8
18
15
19
16
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
3.3
2.7
18
15
18
15
0.002
0001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
Catalyst Outlet
mg/bhp-hr
Formaldehyde
mlb/hr
mg/bhp-hr
Acetaldenyde
mlb/hr
mg/bhp-hr
Acrolein
mlb/hr
Nitrogen Oxides (as NO2) 9/^hp"hr
Ib/hr
. . . . g/bhp-hr
Carbon Monoxide
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Methane M ^
Ib/hr
g/bhp-hr
Non-methane Hydocarbon
Ib/hr
Total Hydrocarbons 9'bhp-hr
Ib/hr
4.5
3.7
18
15
82
69
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
4.4
3.7
18
15
81
68
0.002
0001
0.02
002
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
4.3
4.2
18
17
81
78
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
00002
00002
3.9
3.8
16
16
73
71
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0 1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
4.3
4.2
18
17
82
79
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
00002
0.0002
4.2
4.1
17
17
79
77
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
4.1
34
16
14
78
65
0.001
0.001
0.02
0.01
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.02
0.0002
0.0002
4.7
3.9
19
16
85
71
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
4.5
3.8
18
15
83
69
0.002
0.001
0.02
0.02
0.1
0.1
003
0.03
0.0002
0.0002
   g/bhp-hr - grams per brake horsepower hour
   Ib/hr • pounds per hour
   mg/bhp-hr - mttgrams per brake horsepower hour
   mb/bhp-hr - mttpounds per brake horsepower hour
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-8
July 2000

-------
                    Y  =  MX + B

          Where:   B  =  Intercept
                    M  =  Slope
                    X  =  Analyzer or transducer voltage
                    Y  =  Engineering Units

       After each test point and upon completion of a test day, calibrations were conducted
by reintroducing the zero and span gases directly to the back of the analyzers. The analyzers'
stabilized responses were recorded. No adjustments were made during testing or during the
final calibration check.  Initial calibration values and all calibration checks were recorded for
each analyzer during the daily test program.

       The before and after calibrations checks were used to determine zero and span drift
for each test point for the CO, CO2, O2, THC, CH4/Non-CH4, and NOX analyzers. The zero
and span drift checks for all test points and all test days were less than ±2.0% of the span
value of each analyzer used during the daily test program. The calibration data sheets are
presented in the test report generated by EECL. Table 6.2 presents the types and frequencies
of the analyzer calibrations conducted by EECL.

6.2.4  Analyzer Linearity Check

       Analyzer linearity checks were done before beginning the test program.  The oxygen,
carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbon, methane/non-methane, and oxides of nitrogen analyzers
were "zeroed" using either zero grade nitrogen or hydrocarbon free air. The analyzers were
allowed to stabilize and their output recorded. The analyzers were then "spanned" using the
mid-level calibration gases. The analyzers were allowed to  stabilize and their output
recorded. From this data a linear fit was developed for each analyzer. The voltage for each
analyzer was recorded and used in the following formula:

                        Y    =  MX + B

          Where:       B     =  Intercept
                        M    =  Slope
                        X    =  Analyzer or transducer voltage
                        Y    =  Engineering Units

       Using the linear fit, the linear response of the analyzer was calculated. Low-level and
high-level calibration gases were individually introduced to the analyzers. For each
calibration gas, the analyzers were allowed to stabilize  and their outputs were recorded. Each
analyzer's linearity was acceptable. The predicted values of a linear curve determined from
the zero and mid-level calibration gas responses agreed with the actual responses of the low-
level and high-level calibration gases within ±2.0% of the analyzer span value.  The

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF               6-9                           July 2000

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                                 TABLE 6.2
      TYPES AND FREQUENCIES OF CEMS ANALYZER CALIBRATIONS
Calibration
Type
ACE (2>
ZSD (3)
SSB (4)
Gas
02, C02, CO,
NOX
Methane/Non-
Methane
Hydrocarbons
0» C02, CO,
NOX
Methane/Non-
Methane
Hydrocarbons
NOX
Methane/Non-
Methane
Hydrocarbons
Calibration Gas
Concentration (units
of %ofspan(I))
0 to 0.25,
40 to 60,
80 to 100
0 to 0.1,
25 to 35,
45 to 55,
80 to 90
0 to 0.25,
40 to 60 or
80tolOO(5)
25 to 35,
45 to 55
0 to 0.25,
40 to 60 or
80 to 90 (5)
0 to 0.25,
25 to 35,
45 to 55 or
80 to 90 (5>
Frequency
Before each
engine test
Before and
after each
test run
Before and
after each
test day
Before and
after each
test day
Calibrant
Injection
Point
Directly into
the analyzer
Directly into
the analyzer
Both directly
into the
analyzer and
into the inlet
of the sample
, line
Validation
Criterion
<2% of
analyzer span
for each gas
<5% of
respective cal.
gas value
All errors
<3% of span
All errors
<3% of span
Both errors
<5% of
analyzer span
(1) - The span must be 1.5 to 2.5 the concentration expected for each pollutant
(2) - Analyzer calibration error check
(3) - Zero and span drift check
(4) - Sampling system bias check
(5) - Whichever is closer to the exhaust gas concentration
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-10
July 2000

-------
methane/non-methane analyzers' linearity was acceptable as the predicted valued agreed with
the actual response of the low-level and high-level calibration gases within ±5.0% of the
actual calibration gas value. This procedure was done for one range setting for each analyzer.
The Linearity Check data sheets are presented the test report generated by EECL.

6.2.5   NO; Converter Check

       EECL did NO2 converter checks before the test program began.  A calibration gas
mixture of known concentration between 240 and 270 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and 160
to 190 ppm nitric oxide (NO) with a balance of nitrogen was used. The calibration gas
mixture was introduced to the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) analyzer until a stable response was
recorded. The converter was considered acceptable if the instrument response indicated a
90 percent or greater NO2 to NO conversion.  The NO2 Converter Check data sheets are
presented in the test report generated by EECL.

6.2.6   Sample Line Leak Check

       The sample lines were leak-checked before the engine test program.  The leak check
procedure was performed for both pre-catalyst and post-catalyst sample trains. The
procedure was to close the valve on the inlet to the sample filter found just downstream of the
exhaust stack probe. With the sample pump operating, a vacuum was pulled on the exhaust
sample train.  Once the maximum vacuum was reached, the valve on the pressure side of the
pump was closed, thus sealing off the vacuum section of the sampling system. The pump
was turned off and the pressure in the sample system was monitored. -The leak test was
acceptable as the vacuum gauge reading dropped by an amount less than 1 inch of mercury
over a period of 1  minute. The Sample Line Leak Check data sheets are presented the test
report generated by EECL.

6.2.7   Sample Line Integrity Check

       A sample line integrity check was done before and upon completion of each test day.
The analyzers' response was tested by first introducing a mid-level calibration gas directly to
the NOX analyzer. The analyzer was allowed to stabilize and the response recorded. The
same mid-level calibration gas was then introduced to the analyzer through the sampling
system. The calibration gas was introduced into the sample line at the stack, upstream of the
inlet sample filter. The analyzer was allowed to  stabilize and the response recorded.  The
analyzer response values were compared and the percent difference did not to exceed ±5% of
the analyzer span value.

       The sample line integrity check was to be done for both the NOX and methane/non-
methane analyzers. Due to time constraints, EECL performed the integrity check for the NOX
analyzers only. The SSB procedure was performed for the methane/non-methane analyzers
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF               6-11                         July 2000

-------
before and upon completion of the test program. The Sample Line Integrity Check data
sheets are presented in the test report generated by EECL.

6.2.8   Carbon Balance Check

       One of the methods used to calculate mass emissions was a carbon balance
calculation developed by Southwest Research Institute specifically for the American Gas
Association. The calculations consist of a theoretical O2 calculation based upon measured
exhaust stack constituents and fuel gas composition. The theoretical exhaust O2 is then
compared to the measured exhaust O2. The percent difference between the actual and
theoretical O2 measurements was within ±5 % of the measured O2 reading.  The O2 balance
was performed for every 1 -minute average and the 3 3 -minute averaged valued for each test
point.

6.2.9   Fuel Gas & Fuel Flow Measurement

       Engine fuel gas was analyzed on a real time basis with a dedicated, Daniels Industries
GC.  The GC was calibrated on a daily basis against a known standard.  A gas analysis was
done on each test day. This analysis gave the actual specific gravity, mole fractions of
specific hydrocarbons, and BTU content so that fuel flow and mass emissions could be
accurately calculated. Fuel flow measurements were made with an AGA/PRCI-specified
orifice meter equipped with dedicated high accuracy pressure and temperature transmitters.
All fuel flow calculations were in accordance with AGA/PRCI Report #3. All stoichiometric
air to fuel ratios were calculated using the fuel gas analysis.  From this information, the
equivalence ratios for each day of testing were determined. All fuel gas calibrations and
analysis, stoichiometric air to fuel ratio calculations, and fuel specific F Factor calculations
are presented in the test report generated by EECL. In addition, a blind fuel gas sample
provided by PES was analyzed. The result is presented in the test report generated by EECL.

6.2.10 Fuel Factor Quality Assurance Checks

       Besides the CEM calibration and QC checks, carbon dioxide and oxygen
measurements were validated by calculating the fuel factor, F0, using the following equation:

                                        20.9 -
                                   F =
                                         %CO
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF               6-12                         July 2000

-------
      The values of F0 at the inlet and the outlet for each sampling run are presented in
Table 6.3.  For natural gas combustion, the value of F0 should be between 1.60 and 1.84. The
F0 values were within the prescribed ranges for 32 of the sampling runs conducted. There
were four runs for which the F0 values were outside these limits. However, the maximum
exceedance was 1.6 % of the maximum F0 value. Based upon the results, the integrity of the
CEM sample stream was not compromised due to leaks in the sampling system.

                                   TABLE 6.3

                    SUMMARY OF FUEL FACTOR VALUES
Run Number
1A
2/7
3
4
5
6
8
9A
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
PAH1
PAH 2
PAH 3
Inlet F0
1.76
1.74
1.81
1.78
1.65
1.68
1.63
1.78
1.71
1.87
1.84
1.73
1.70
1.64
1.75
1.84
1.83
1.85
Outlet F0
1.82
1.80
1.84
1.83
1.68
1.81
1.86
1.77
1.78
1.83
1.84
1.80
1.80
1.65
1.76
1.84
1.85
1.83
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-13
July 2000

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6.2.11  GEMS Detection Limits

       For each of the sample runs, the mass detection limits of the CEMS were presented
previously in Table 6.1.  For each run, the detection limit was calculated using analytical
detection limit data supplied by EECL. Table 6.4 summarizes these values.
                                    TABLE 6.4
           SUMMARY OF CEMS ANALYTICAL DETECTION LIMITS
Parameter
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen Oxides
Carbon Monoxide
Methane
Non-methane Hydrocarbons
Total Hydrocarbons
Inlet Detection
Limit
0.01 % volume
0.25 % volume
0.1 ppm
2ppm
20 ppm
2 ppm
0.04 ppm
Outlet Detection
Limit
0.01 % volume
0.1 % volume
0.1 ppm
2 ppm
20 ppm
2 ppm
0.04 ppm
6.3    GCMS QA/QC PROCEDURES

       Each day the GCMS measurement system was tuned according to the criteria
identified in the method. Achieving the criteria for a valid mass spectral tune and achieving
the internal standard relative mass abundances during each GCMS run (see Tables 3 and 4 of
the method) verify the continuing instrument performance and ensure that the QA/QC of the
method is achieved. Achieving the criteria for a valid tune also allows searches of the NIST
Mass Spectral library for compounds that are not contained in the instrument specific
calibration.

       Daily system calibrations were conducted to check both the validity of the initial
instrument calibration and the effectiveness of the sampling system to transport the target
analytes. Daily system calibration check procedures were conducted after accomplishing a
successful instrument tune using the blended mixture of the internal standards.  Immediately
following the system continuing calibration, nitrogen was injected into the GCMS sampling
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-14
July 2000

-------
system and a system blank was acquired.  No analytes were detected in any of the system
blank analyses.

       The direct interface GCMS test method requires that continuing system calibrations
be conducted using a blended mixture of 6 surrogate compounds at 1 ppm. For this test
program, all of the target analytes were checked daily at the 1 ppm concentration level.
Besides the daily calibration check procedures, PES gave EMI an independent audit gas.  The
identity of the compounds contained in the audit gas and their concentrations were not
revealed to EMI. Analysis of this audit gas was conducted using both GCMS measurement
systems.  Table 6.5 presents the results from the daily system continuing calibrations and the
audit.

       Additional QA procedures conducted during this testing program included analyte
spiking. Analyte spiking consists of adding an exact amount of calibration standard to the
effluent stream at a point upstream of the  primary particulate matter filter within the sampling
system. This procedure checks the ability of both the sampling and analytical system to
transport and quantify effluent samples. Analyte spiking procedures were conducted on each
day of the test program at varying concentration levels.  Concentrations of 100 ppb, 500 ppb,
and 1 ppm were used for the spiking.  Spike recoveries of between 79% and 126% were
achieved at the 100 ppb concentration level for the target analytes detected using the inlet
GCMS measurement system. EMI achieved spike recoveries of between 74% and 136%  at
the 100 ppb concentration level, 64% to 81% at the 500 ppb concentration level, and 100% -
105% at the 1 ppm level, for the target analytes detected using the outlet GCMS
measurement system.

6.3.1   GCMS Detection Limits

       Table 6.6 presents the GCMS Detection Limits at the pre-catalyst and the post-
catalyst sampling locations. PES used the analytical detection limits supplied by EMI to
calculate the run-by-run mass detection limits.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF              6-15                          July 2000

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                                  TABLE 6.5

  SUMMARY OF GCMS CONTINUING CALIBRATIONS AND AUDIT RESULTS
Compound
3/31/99
Result
(ppm)
(%)
Diff.
4/1/99
Result
(ppm)
(%)
Diff.
4/2/99
Result
(ppm)
(%)
Diff.
Audit '
Result
(ppm)
(%)
Diff.
Catalyst Met
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene
1.23
1.02
1.02
0.78
1.07
2.22
0.86
1.04
19.4
-0.97
-1.9
-22.8
2.9
7.8
-17.3
0.97
1.03
0.82
0.86
0.8
1.04
2.09
0.93
1.06
0
-20.4
-17.3
-20.8
0
1.56
-10.6
2.9
1.06
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.11
2.19
1.11
1.08
2.9
0
-1.9
0
6.7
6.3
6.7
4.9
-
-
0.52
0.50
0.52
-
-
0.48
-
-
-3.7
-5.7
-2.0
-
-
-7.7
Catalyst Outlet
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene
0.78
1.11
1.06
1.08
1.05
2.13
1.04
1.07
-24.3
7.8
1.9
3.9
0.96
3.4
0
3.9
1.18
1
1.13
1.16
1.03
2.17
1.03
1.1
14.6
-2.9
8.7
11.5
-0.96
5.3
-0.96
6.8
1.11
0.88
0.93
1.01
0.99
2.15
0.81
1.12
7.8
-14.5
-10.6
-2.9
-4.8
4.4
-22.1
8.7
-
-
0.56
0.56
0.52
-
-
. 0.43
-
-
3.7
5.7
2.0
-
-
-17.3
      1 The audit cylinder contained 540 ppb benzene, 530 ppb toluene, 510 ppb ethyl benzene, and 520 ppb
o-xylene. The analytical accuracy for each component was reported to be ± 5% by the manufacturer.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-16
July 2000

-------
                                                        TABLE 6.6





                                 DETECTION LIMITS OF GCMS COMPOUNDS AT CATALYST INLET
Run ID
ppmvd
1,3-Butadiene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Hexane pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Benzene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Toluene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Ethyl Benzene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
m/p-Xylene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Styrene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
o-Xylene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
RunIA
050
8000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
500
500
0.02
600
600
001
300
300
0.02
600
600
0.02
600
600
Run2-7
0.50
12000
8000
0.11
5000
3000
0.01
300
200
0.02
800
500
0.02
900
600
0.01
500
300
0.02
900
600
002
900
600
Run3
0.50
12000
7000
0.10
3000
2000
0.01
300
200
0.02
800
500
0.02
1000
600
001
500
300
0.02
1000
600
0.02
1000
600
Run4
0.50
8000
7000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
500
0.02
600
500
0.01
400
300
0.02
600
500
0.02
600
500
RunS
0.50
9000
9000
0.10
3000
3000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
600
0.02
700
700
0.01
300
300
0.02
700
700
0.02
700
700
Run6
0.50
8000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
500
500
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.02
600
600
0.02
600
600
RunS
0.50
10000
8000
0.10
4000
3000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
500
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
002
700
600
0.02
700
600
Run9A
0.50
8000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
001
200
200
0.02
500
500
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.02
600
600
0.02
600
600
RunIO
0.50
8000
8000
0.10
3000
3000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
600
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
002
600
600
0.02
600
600
Run11
0.50
10000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
500
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.02
700
600
0.02
700
600
Run12
0.50
10000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
500
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.02
700
600
0.02
700
600
Run13
050
8000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
500
500
0.02
600
600
001
300
300
0.02
600
600
0.02
600
600
Run14
0.50
8000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
500
500
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.02
600
600
0.02
600
600
Run15
0.50
8000
8000
0.11
3000
3000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
600
0.02
700
700
0.01
300
300
0.02
600
600
0.02
700
700
Run16
0.50
8000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
600
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.02
600
600
0.02
600
600
PAH1
0.50
8000
7000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
500
0.02
600
500
0.01
400
300
0.02
600
500
0.02
600
500
PAH2
0.50
10000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
0.02
600
500
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.02
700
600
0.02
700
600
PAHS
0.50
10000
8000
0.09
2000
2000
0.01
200
200
002
600
500
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.02
700
600
0.02
700
600
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-17
July 2000

-------
                                                      TABLE 6.7
                                DETECTION LIMITS OF GCMS COMPOUNDS AT CATALYST OUTLET
Run ID
ppmvd
1,3-Butadiene pg/bhp-hr
ulb/hr
ppmvd
Hexane pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Benzene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Toluene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Ethyl Benzene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
m/p-Xylene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
Styrene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
ppmvd
o-Xylene pg/bhp-hr
plb/hr
RunIA
0.50
8000
8000
0.15
4000
4000
0.03
700
700
0.03
800
800
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
2000
2000
Run2-7
0.50
12000
8000
0.15
6000
4000
0.02
600
400
0.03
1200
800
0.02
900
600
0.01
500
300
0.05
2000
1000
0.08
3000
2000
Run3
0.50
12000
7000
0.15
7000
4000
0.02
700
400
0.03
1300
800
0.02
1000
600
0.01
500
300
0.05
2000
1000
0.08
3000
2000
Run4
0.50
8000
7000
0.15
4000
3000
0.02
500
400
0.03
800
700
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.05
1000
1000
0.08
2000
2000
RunS
0.50
9000
9000
0.15
4000
4000
0.02
500
500
0.03
900
900
0.02
700
700
0.01
300
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
3000
3000
Run6
0.50
7000
7000
0.15
4000
4000
0.02
400
400
0.03
800
800
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.05
1000
1000
0.08
2000
2000
RunS
050
10000
8000
0.15
5000
4000
0.02
500
400
0.03
1000
800
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.05
1000
1000
0.08
2000
2000
Run9A
0.50
8000
8000
0.15
4000
4000
0.02
500
500
0.03
800
800
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
2000
2000
RunIO
0.50
8000
8000
0.15
4000
4000
0.02
500
500
0.03
800
800
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
2000
2000
Run11
0.50
10000
8000
0.15
5000
4000
0.02
600
500
0.03
1000
800
002
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.05
2000
2000
008
2000
2000
Run12
0.50
10000
8000
0.15
5000
4000
0.02
500
400
0.03
1000
800
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.05
1000
1000
0.08
2000
2000
Run13
0.50
8000
8000
0.15
4000
4000
0.02
500
500
0.03
800
800
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
2000
2000
Run14
0.50
8000
8000
0.15
4000
4000
0.02
400
400
0.03
800
800
0.02
600
600
0.01
300
300
0.05
1000
1000
0.08
2000
2000
Run15
0.50
8000
8000
0.15
4000
4000
0.02
500
500
0.03
800
800
0.02
700
700
0.01
300
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
2000
2000
Run16
0.50
8000
8000
0.15
4000
4000
0.02
500
500
0.03
800
800
0.02
700
700
0.01
300
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
2000
2000
PAH1
0.50
8000
7000
0.15
4000
3000
0.02
500
400
0.03
800
700
0.02
600
500
0.01
400
300
0.05
1000
1000
0.08
2000
2000
PAH2
0.50
10000
8000
0.15
5000
4000
0.02
600
500
0.03
1000
800
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
2000
2000
PAH3
0.50
10000
8000
0.15
5000
4000
0.02
600
500
0.03
1000
800
0.02
700
600
0.01
400
300
0.05
2000
2000
0.08
2000
2000
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-18
July 2000

-------
6.4    CARS 429 QA/QC PROCEDURES

       The following text describes the QA/QC procedures employed by PES and ERG
during the PAH sampling and analysis.

6.4.1   Calibration of CARS 429 Sampling Apparatus

       Because no mechanism exists for an independent measurement of emissions from the
source, careful preparation, checkout, and calibration of the sampling and analysis equipment
is essential to ensure collection of high quality data. PES maintains a comprehensive
schedule for preventive maintenance, calibration, and preparation of the source testing
equipment.

6.4.1.1 Barometers.  PES used aneroid barometers calibrated against a station pressure
value reported by a nearby National Weather Service Station and corrected for elevation.

6.4.1.2 Temperature Sensors.  The responses of the Type K thermocouples used in the field
testing program were checked using Calibration Procedure 2e as described in the Quality
Assurance Handbook.  The response of each temperature sensor was recorded when
immersed in an ice water bath, at ambient temperature, and in a boiling water bath; each
response was  checked against an ASTM 3F reference thermometer. Table  6.8 summarizes
the results of the thermocouple checks and the acceptable levels of variance. Digital
temperature readouts were checked for calibration using a thermocouple simulator having a
range of 0-2400 °F.

6.4.1.3 Pitot Tubes. PES used Type S Pitot tubes or Standard Pitot tubes constructed
according to EPA Method 2 specifications. Type S Pitot tubes were calibrated against the
dimensional criteria described in Method 2 using Calibration Procedure 2a as described in the
Quality Assurance Handbook, Volume III,  1994. Type S Pitot tubes meeting these criteria
are assigned a pitot coefficient (Cp) of 0.84. Standard Pitot tubes were checked for
dimensional criteria using Calibration Procedure 2b as described in the Quality Assurance
Handbook, Volume III, 1994.  Standard Pitot tubes meeting these criteria were assigned a
pitot coefficient (Cp) of 0.99.

6.4.1.4 Differential Pressure Gauges.  PES used Dwyer inclined/vertical manometers to
measure differential pressures  including: velocity pressure, static pressure, and orifice meter
pressure. PES chose manometers having sufficient sensitivity to accurately measure
pressures over the entire range of expected values.  Manometers are primary standards and
require no calibration.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF         6-19                               July 2000

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                            TABLE 6.8

                     CARS 429 SAMPLE TRAIN
       SUMMARY OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR CALIBRATION DATA
Temp.
Sensor
I.D.

RT-14


RT-15

RMB-15

RMB-15

MB-10

MB-10


SH-1


SH-5


Usage


Stack Gas


Stack Gas

Dry Gas Meter
Inlet

Dry Gas Meter
Outlet

Dry Gas Meter
Inlet

Dry Gas Meter
Outlet


Impinger Exit


Impinger Exit

Temperature, °R


Reference
492
532
670
492
530
670
493
534
668
493
534
668
493
536
666
492
536
666
492
536
668
492
531
667

Sensor
492
529
671
493
530
670
495
534
670
493
535
668
494
536
665
494
537
665
492
536
668
493
531
667
Absolute
Difference
%
0
0.56
0.15
0.20
0
0
0.41
0
0.30
0
0.19
0
0.20
0
0.15
0.41
0.19
0.15
0
0
0
0.20
0
0
EPA
Criteria
%
<±1.5
<±1.5
<±1.5
<±1.5
<±1.5
<±1.5

-------
6.4.1.5 Dry Gas Meter and Orifice. The GARB Method 429 dry gas meters and orifices
were calibrated according to Calibration Procedure 5 in the Quality Assurance Handbook.
This procedure requires direct comparison of the dry gas meter to a reference dry test meter.
PES calibrates its reference dry test meter annually against a wet test meter.  Before its initial
use in the field, the metering system was calibrated at several flow rates over the normal
operating range of the metering system. Individual meter calibration factors (y) cannot differ
from the average by more than 0.02, and the results of individual meter orifice factors (AH@)
cannot differ from the average by more than 0.20.  After field use, the metering system
calibration was checked at the average flow rate and highest vacuum observed during the test
period. The results of the post-test meter correction factor check cannot differ by more than
5% from the average meter correction factor obtained during the initial, or thereafter, the
annual calibration. Table 6.9 presents the results of the dry gas meter and orifice calibrations.
All dry gas meters and orifices used in this test program met the method calibration
requirements.
                                    TABLE 6.9

                            CARB 429 SAMPLE TRAIN
     SUMMARY OF DRY GAS METER AND ORIFICE CALIBRATION DATA
Meter
Box No.
MB-10
RMB-15
Dry Gas Meter Correction Factor (y)
Pre-
test
1.015
1.001
Post-test
1.013
0.998
% Diff.
-0.27
-0.29
EPA Criteria
<5%
<5% '
Meter Orifice Coefficient (AH@)
Average
1.84
1.87
Range
1.82-1.92
1.79-1.98
EPA Criteria
1.64-2.04
1.67-2.07
6.4.2   Reagents and Glassware Preparation

       Before field testing, PES pre-cleaned all sample train glassware following the
procedures in CARB Method 429.  Specifically, the glassware was cleaned according to the
following protocol.

       1.     Wash in hot soapy water with Alconox.
       2.     Rinse three tunes with tap water.
       3.     Rinse three times with reagent (i.e., deionized) water.
       4.     Soak hi 10% (v/v) nitric acid (HNO3) solution for a minimum of 4 hours.
       5.     Rinse three times each with pesticide-grade acetone, hexane, and methylene
             chloride, and allow to air dry.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-21
July 2000

-------
       After preparation of the glassware, the openings were sealed with Teflon tape to
prevent contamination, and the glassware wrapped and packed for transport to the EECL.
ERG prepared the XAD-2® sorbent resin traps.  ERG then pre-spiked the traps with
surrogates and capped them with glass balls and sockets.  Impinger water used was organic-
free, reagent grade. Pesticide-grade acetone, hexane, and methylene chloride were used as
recovery solvents.

6.4.3   On-site Measurements

       The on-site QA/QC activities included:

6.4.3.1    Measurement Sites.  Before sampling, PES checked the dimensions of the
exhaust duct to assure that the port locations complied with Method  1 criteria. PES
confirmed the distances to upstream and downstream disturbances and test port  locations.
PES also measured inside stack dimensions through perpendicular ports to assure uniformity
of the stack cross sectional area.  PES measured the inside stack dimensions, stack wall
thickness, and sample port lengths to the nearest 0.1 inch.

6.4.3.2    Velocity Measurements. PES assembled, leveled, zeroed, and leak-checked all
velocity measurement apparatus before and after each sampling run. The stack  static
pressure was determined at a single point.  PES selected a point of average velocity pressure
found during the pre-test velocity traverse.

6.4.3.3    Moisture. During sampling, the exit gas temperature of the last impinger in each
sampling train was maintained below 68°F to ensure condensation of stack gas water vapor.
The moisture gain in  the impinger train due to flue gas moisture was determined
gravimetrically using a digital top-loading electronic balance with a resolution of 0.1 g.

6.4.4   Analytical Quality Assurance

       PES and ERG personnel employed several methods to ensure the quality of the PAH
analytical data.  These methods included analysis of reagent blanks, a laboratory method
blank, and field blanks. In addition, the XAD-2 sorbent traps were spiked with isotopically
labeled internal standards. The recovery efficiency of the internal standards is used  to
evaluate method performance. The results of these QA checks are discussed in the following
paragraphs.

6.4.4.1     Blank Analyses. During the field testing, PES personnel collected blanks of the
CARB 429 sampling train reagents to quantify contamination levels. Field blank trains were
assembled, transported to each sampling site, and leak checked.  The field blank trains were
then returned to the PES field laboratory, where were recovered in the same manner as the
trains used for sampling.  The field blank train impingers and connecting glassware were the
same components used during actual sampling. Since the sampling glassware is cleaned after

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF        6-22                               July 2000

-------
each run and reused, analysis of field blank trains is used to find out if poor cleanup
technique caused cross-contamination between sampling runs. Per CARB Method 429, PES
did not correct any of the PAH results for blank results. The results of the reagent and field
blank analyses are presented in Table 6.10.  The levels of any unlabeled analyte quantified in
the blank train must not exceed 20 percent of the level of that analyte in the sampling train.

       At the inlet location, naphthalene was present in the blank train at a magnitude
approximately 30% of naphthalene in samples collected during runs PAH 2 and PAH 3.
Naphthalene was present in all samples and the XAD laboratory blank and the field blanks.
The presence of naphthalene is due to the ubiquitous nature of this compound. For chrysene,
the inlet field blank result was 21.7 % of the mass of chrysene in the sample for run PAH 1.
In the remaining cases at the inlet, the blank levels were less than 20% of the levels in the
samples.

       At the outlet, naphthalene was also present at levels that exceeded the acceptable
level. For runs PAH  1, PAH 2, and PAH 3 at the outlet, the blank levels were 38.9 %,
42.5 %, and 42.4 % of the levels in the sample trains. The only other compound detected in
the outlet blank train was phenanthrene, which was present at levels well below 20% of the
levels in the sample trains.

6.4.4.2    Internal Standard Recoveries.  Table 6.11 presents the recovery efficiencies of
isotopically labeled surrogate compounds. Recovery efficiency gives a measure of the
capture efficiency and the efficiency of the solvent extraction for specific compounds.
Recoveries for each of the internal standards must be greater than 50 percent and less than
150 percent of the known value. This criterion is used to assess method performance.
Because this is an isotope dilution technique, it should be independent of internal standard
recovery. Lower recoveries do not necessarily invalidate the analytical results for PAH, but
they may result in higher detection limits.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF         6-23                                July 2000

-------
                                   TABLE 6.10
                  SUMMARY OF CARS 429 BLANK RESULTS
Compound
Naphthalene
Acenaphthylene
Acenaphthene
Fluorene
Phenanthrene
Anthracene
Fluoranthene
Pyrene
Benzo(a)anthracene
Chrysene
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Indeno(l ,2,3-cd)pyrene
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Laboratory
Blank
Result (u.g)
0.378
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Reagent
Blank
Result
(W)1
0.018
ND
ND
ND
0.049
0.008
0.006
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Inlet Field
Blank
Result (fig)
3.352
ND
ND
ND
0.054
ND
ND
0.029
ND
0.046
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Outlet
Field Blank
Result (ug)
3.425
ND
ND
ND
0.043
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
       1 The reagent blank value is the sum of separate analyses hexane, acetone, methylene chloride, and
distilled water blank samples.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-24
July 2000

-------
                                              TABLE 6.11
                           SUMMARY OF CARS 429 SURROGATE RECOVERIES
Surrogate
Compound
Naphthalene-d8
Acenaphthylene-d8
Acenaphthene-d 1 0
Fluorene-dlO
Phenanthrene-d 1 0
Anthracene-dlO
Fluoranthene-dlO
Pyrene-dlO
Benzo(a)anthracene-d 1 2
Chrysene-dl2
Benzo(b)fluoranthene-d 1 2
Benzo(k)fluoranthene-d 1 2
Benzo(a)pyrene-dl 2
Indeno( 1 ,2,3 -cd)pyrene-d 1 2
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene-d 1 4
Benzo(g,h,i)pery lene-d 1 2
Lab
Blank
(%)
86
45
64
80
73
1
73
39
10
68
74
73
ND
32
34
ND
Field Blanks
Inlet
(%)
74
48
70
74
70
10
76
71
68
85
109
82
ND
77
82
53
Outlet
(%)
81
24
74
76
71
11
73
61
46
76
87
76
ND
48
57
7
PAH Run 1
Inlet
(%)
83
51
70
85
80
29
94
91
107
144
98
86
9
58
63
47
Outlet
(%)
106
69
97
92
73
30
63
60
73
63
96
80
29
97
107
98
PAH Run 2
Inlet
(%)
96
58
83
97
116
30
137
133
111
125
143
127
13
70
80
57
Outlet
(%)
111
69
93
99
69
34
67
65
61
71
0
0
32
49
54
46
PAH Run 3
Inlet
(%)
89
58
72
91
88
34
101
100
110
113
113
108
19
61
70
54
Outlet
(%)
117
63
86
100
88
50
109
107
113
115
125
107
47
71
81
70
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-25
July 2000

-------
6.4.5  CARB 429 Detection Limits

      Tables 6.12 and 6.13 present the in-stack detection limits of each PAH compound
before the catalyst and after the catalyst.  The volumes of the CARB 429 samples averaged
2.12 dry standard cubic meters (dscm) before the catalyst and 2.32 dscm after the catalyst.
The expected sample volume defined in the QAPP was 2.5 dscm, and the in-stack detection
limits on the PAH compounds were based on this volume. Because the actual sample
volumes were less than the anticipated volumes by approximately 15% the in-stack detection
limits for the PAHs are approximately 15% higher than those presented in the QAPP.
6.5    CORRECTIVE ACTIONS

       During the field testing, PES and EPA made several changes to the QAPP describing
the field testing. Field and engine operating conditions mandated these changes. These
changes are presented in Table 6.14.
 Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF          6-26                            July 2000

-------
                                TABLE 6.12
      DETECTION LIMITS OF PAH COMPOUNDS AT CATALYST INLET
Run ID
Date
Time
pg/bhp-hr a
Acenaphthene .... b
(jib/hour
A uiu , pg/bhp-hr
Acenaphthylene
Mlb/hour
. .. (jg/bhp-hr
Anthracene
pita/hour
/ x pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(a)anthracene
|jlb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
plb/hour
uq/bhp-hr
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
(jib/hour
_ .... . pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
(jib/hour
_ , . pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(a)pyrene
plb/hour
Chrysene ™'^
Mlb/hour
pq/bhp-hr
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
plb/hour
ug/bhp-hr
Fluoranthene Ha K
plb/hour
... pg/bhp-hr
Fluorene a
plb/hour
lndeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene M9/bhp"hr
plb/hour
.. .... pg/bhp-hr
Naphthalene
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Phenanthrene
plb/hour
Pyrene M9/bhp-hr
plb/hour
PAH1
4/2/99
1204-1404
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
3.7
3.1
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
3.7
3.1
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
3.7
3.1
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
PAH 2
4/2/99
1625-1825
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
3.5
2.9
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
3.5
2.9
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
3.5
2.9
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5 •
1.8
1.5
PAHS
4/2/99
2000-2200
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
3.8
3.1
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
3.8
3.1
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
3.8
3.1
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.6
Average
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
3.7
3.1
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
3.7
3.1
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
3.7
3.1
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.5
    Micrograms per brake horsepower hour
    Micropounds per hour
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-27
July 2000

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                                 TABLE 6.13
       DETECTION LIMITS OF PAH COMPUNDS AT CATALYST OUTLET
Run ID
Date
Time
|jg/bhp-hr a
Acenaphthene ,. „ b
r plb/hour D
A utu i pg/bhp-hr
Acenaphthylene
plb/hour
. i, pg/bhp-hr
Anthracene
plb/hour
_ . . .. pg/bhp-hr
3enzo(a)anthracene
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
plb/hour
, ... . pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Benzo(a)pyrene
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Chrysene
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
plb/hour
,-, tu pg/bhp-hr
Fluoranthene
plb/hour
._. pg/bhp-hr
Fluorene
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
lndeno(1 ,2,3-cd)pyrene
plb/hour
Naphthalene *******
plb/hour
pg/bhp-hr
Phenanthrene
plb/hour
_ pg/bhp-hr
Pyrene , K
plb/hour
PAH1
4/2/99
1204-1404
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.5
2.9
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.5
2.9
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.5
2.9
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
PAH 2
4/2/99
1625-1825
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
3.3
2.7
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
3.3
2.7
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
3.3
2.7
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
PAH 3
4/2/99
2000-2200
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.5
2.9
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.5
2.9
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.5
2.9
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
Average
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.4
2.8
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.4
2.8
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
3.4
2.8
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
1.7
1.4
  8 Micrograms per brake horsepower hour
    Micropounds per hour
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
July 2000

-------
                              TABLE 6.14
                  SUMMARY OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
Corrective
Action No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Date
3/29/99
3/29/99
3/29/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/30/99
3/30/99
3/30/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
3/31/99
Time
1200
1600
1600
1600
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
Problem
CARS 429 Traverse points" on
outlet (12) more than minimum
required.
5-min spiking regimen will take
too much time
Conventional CARS 429 sample
train will be impossible to use,
given engine exhaust geometry
Separate FTIRS validation for
formaldehyde and actetaldehye /
acrolein will take too much time
On baseline tests, engine ignition
set to 0.4° BTDC rather than 10°
specified in QAPP
Inlet air humidity target value in
QAPP (0.0015 Ib. water / Ib. air)
incorrect
Cylinder values acetaldehyde
standards seem incorrect
Ignition timing on Run 1 does not
agree with value in QA PP
Oil pressure during QA check
outside tolerance level
Ignition timing for Run 5
changed to 2.8° BTDC
Analyzer drift checks between
Runs 13 and 14 take too much
time
Impinger on outlet moisture train
broken. No spare is available
Corrective Action Planned
Minimum number of points (8) used
5-min spikes changed to 2-min spikes
Heated flexible sample line inserted
into sample train split after heated
filter box
Acetaldehyde / acrolein cylinder used
as make-up air for formalin solution
New baseline set-point will be 0.4°
BTDC, which reflects lean-burn
modification to engine
New value of 0.015 Ib. water / Ib. air
used
Value of 30 ppm acetaldehyde will be
used instead of 100 ppm on cylinder
New timing values defined as 1 .8° for
normal, 0.3° for advanced, 5.3° for
retarded
No corrective action planned since oil
pressure is a secondary parameter
For subsequent runs, ignition timing
will be set to yield a cylinder peak
pressure at 18°ATDC
Checks between Runs 13 and 14 will
be dropped, and observed drift over
the entire period will be applied to
Run 13 and Run 14 data sets
Outlet impinger train for moisture will
use 3 impingers instead of one
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
July 2000

-------
6.6    DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT

       EPA used the Data Quality Objective (DQO) Process to plan the test program. The
DQO Process consists of seven distinct steps.

       1.      State the problem.
       2.      Identify the decision.
       3.      Define inputs to the decision.
       4.      Define the study boundaries.
       5.      Develop the decision rule.
       6.      Specify tolerable limits on decision errors
       7.      Optimize the design for obtaining data.

       The DQO outputs for this test program were presented in the Quality Assurance
Project Plan.  The problem was defined in the QAPP and is restated below.

       EPA believes that there is a need to conduct emission tests on a subset of engines of
differing designs to evaluate the following issues:

       •  the effectiveness of after-combustion control systems on HAP emissions, and
       •  the effectiveness of combustion modifications (engine operating parameters) on
          HAP emissions.

       EPA then developed a decision statement. The decision statement defined the process
that would be used to answer the stated problem.  The decision statement is restated below:

       If EPA can identify a range of engine operating conditions for a defined set of
       engines with specified after-combustion treatment systems and a list of pollutants of
       interest, and EPA collects data to determine emissions of those pollutants for each
       engine operated at each engine operating condition, then EPA can make a
       determination of the control effectiveness of after-combustion and combustion
       modifications.  In addition, EPA can obtain information on HAP emissions
       throughout the engine operating range.

       PES, EECL, and  EMI conducted the test program on the Cooper-Bessemer
GMV-4-TF, natural gas-fired, 2-stroke, lean-burn, reciprocating internal combustion engine.
The MiraTech oxidation catalyst was designed to provide the information required by the
decision statement.  Based upon the inputs, EPA will make decisions that will be used to
regulate this engine subcategory.  Inputs to the decision were defined, agreed to, and
documented in the QAPP. These inputs consisted of agreement on a finite list of engines to
test, the after-combustion control systems to test, the range of engine operating conditions,
the catalyst conditioning process, the target list of pollutants, and the sampling and analysis
methods, and sample durations.

Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF            6-30                             July 2000

-------
       During conduct of the test program, there were deviations from the QAPP. These
deviations were presented in the previous sub-section, as well as in Table 6.14. Additional
deviations to the QAPP are discussed in Section 3.0 for deviations in engine operation, and
Section 5.0 for deviations in Sampling and Analysis procedures.

       Table 6.15 presents a summary of engine and sample method performance compared
to the QAPP requirements. Outlier and data validation issues have been discussed in
previous sections. Based upon the engine and method performance, the data quality is
evaluated on a run-by-run basis for suitability in the assessment of pollutant emissions and
destruction efficiency of HAPs by the catalyst.

       Six engine parameters were varied over the course of the test program.  The
parameters were changed so that emissions data and HAP destruction efficiency could be
evaluated at a range of engine operating conditions. These conditions are expected to
simulate the range of engine operating conditions in industry.  Table 6.15 identifies the
number of engine parameters that were within the tolerances proscribed in the QAPP. The
target engine operating conditions were estimates based upon manufacturer's
recommendations.  There are differences between these recommendations and the nominal
engine operating parameters of the GMV-4-TF engine located at the EECL.  When testing
was conducted some of the proscribed engine parameters could not be met. The fact that a
pre-set engine parameter could not be met is considered to be minor. The testing was
conducted over a range of engine operating conditions, and these operating conditions are
documented.

       The remainder of the table assesses data quality using a three-tiered system. A (/ +)
indicates that all method performance parameters defined in the QAPP and/or the sampling
method were met. A (S) indicates that at least 90 % of the method performance parameters
were met.  In the case of FTIRS and CEMS detection limits, there were no detection limits
specified in the QAPP..The calculated detection limits are reasonable for this test program.

       A (/ -) indicates that fewer than 90 % of the method performance parameters were
met. This was the case in the QA/QC requirement for GCMS at the catalyst inlet, and for the
PAH sampling runs at the catalyst inlet and outlet locations.  At the catalyst inlet, the results
of the GCMS continuing calibrations for toluene were slightly outside of the requirement of
± 20 % for three of the four days of testing.  The continuing calibration for hexane was
slightly outside of the limit on one day. For the PAH testing the isokinetic sampling ratios
were not met.  Because the sampling ratios were low, the volume collected during each PAH
sampling run was also low, which resulted in PAH in-stack detection limits approximately
15% higher than those proscribed in the QAPP.
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF            6-31                             July 2000

-------
                                                               TABLE 6.15




                                          SUMMARY OF ENGINE AND METHOD PERFORMANCE
Run ID
Engine Parameters Met
1A
5/6
2/7
5/6
3
5/6
4
5/6
5
6/6
6
5/6
8
5/6
9A
6/6
10
6/6
11
5/6
12
5/6
13
6/6
14
6/6
15
5/6
16
5/6
PAH1
5/6
PAH 2
5/6
PAH 3
5/6
Catalyst Met
FTIR QA Requirements
FTIR Detection Limits '
CEMS QA Requirements
CEMS Detection Limits '
GCMS QA Requirements
GCMS Detection Limits
PAH QA Requirements
PAH Detection Limits
/ +
/ +
/ +
_
/ +
/ +
/-
*
/ +
/ +
/ +
_
/
/ +
/-
.
/ +
/ +
S-
S +
_
S +
S
/ +
s-
,
^ +
/
/ +
~
'*
/ +
/.
~
X +
/ +
^ +
_
^ +
/ +
/ +
~
/ +
/ +
/ +
_
/
/ +
S-
~
/ +
s
/ ' +
_
/ +
J
S +
_
/ +
/ +
/*
_
/ +
,
/*
/-
'*
^ +
^ +
/-
/ +
,
/ +
/-
Catalyst Outlet
FTIR QA Requirements
FTIR Detection Limits '
CEMS QA Requirements
CEMS Detection Limits *
GCMS QA Requirements
GCMS Detection Limits
PAH QA Requirements
PAH Detection Limits
,
/ +
/ +
-
/
/ +
/ +
~
'
/
/ +
_
/
/+'
/ +
_
'
/ +
/ +
_
/
J
S +
~
/
/ +
/ +
~
'
/ +
/ +
_
'
/ +
/*
_
,
/ +
/ +
~
'
J
/ +
~
^
/
/ +
~
/
/ +
/ +
~
•^
/ +
/ +
*
,
/ +
/ +
"
,
/ +
/*
/-
/
/ +
/ +
/-
•^
/ +
/ +
/-
Assessment of Data Quality
Catalyst Inlet Mass Flow
Catalyst Outlet Mass Flow
HAP Destruction Efficiency
/
/ +
/
/
/ +
/
/
/-r
'
/
/ +
^
/
/ +
/
s
/-
'
/
/ +
'
/
/ +
^
/
/ +
/
/
/ +
^
S
/ +
'
s
s +
'
/
/ +
^
/
/ +
'
'
s +
'
/
/
^
/
/
'
S
/
/
    Neither FTIRS nor CEMS detection limits were specified in the QAPP
Final Report Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
6-32
July 2000

-------
                        APPENDIX A

                 SUBCONTRACTOR TEST REPORT

   COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY ENGINES AND ENERGY CONVERSION
                        LABORATORY

"EMISSIONS TESTING OF CONTROL DEVICES FOR RECIPROCATING INTERNAL
COMBUSTION ENGINES IN SUPPORT OF REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT BY THE
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA) PHASE 1: TWO-STROKE,
   LEAN BURN, NATURAL GAS FIRED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES"

-------
                                                     COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                  EMISSIONS TESTING OF CONTROL DEVICES
                                      FOR
              RECIPROCATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
                 IN SUPPORT OF REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT
                                     BY THE
               U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)

           PHASE 1: TWO-STROKE, LEAN BURN, NATURAL GAS FIRED
                       INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
                                   Prepared for:

                      PACIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
                                   Submitted by:

                      Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                              Colorado State University
                         Mechanical Engineering Department

                                   MAY 18,1999
                                 Statement of Confidentiality

This report has been submitted for the sole and exclusive use of Pacific Environmental Services, and shall not be disclosed or provided to
any other entity, corporation, or third part for purposes beyond the specific scope or intent of this document without the express written
                              consent of Colorado State University

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                  TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0    INTRODUCTION
       1.1     Overview
       1.2     Background

2.0    TEST PROGRAM
       2.1     Objective
       2.2     Incentives
       2.3     Work Plan

3.0    DEVIATIONS TO TEST PROGRAM
       3.1     FTIR Validation
       3.2     FTIR Post Catalyst Water Analysis
       3.3     Baseline Engine Operating Conditions
       3.4     Two-Stroke engine Test Matrix

4.0    TEST SAMPLING PROCEDURES
       4.1     General Test Procedures
       4.2     Test Specifics-Data Collection
       4.3     Test Specifics-Engine Stability
       4.4     Test Specifics-Data Collection Hardware
       4.5     Test Specifics-Data Collection Process
       4.6     Test Specifics-Emissions Analyzer General Test Procedures
       4.7     Test Specifics-Emissions Analyzer Checks and Calibrations
       4.8     Test Specifics-FTIR Calibration Procedures
       4.9     Test Specifics- FTIR Validation Procedures
       4.10    Test Specifics-General Calibration
       4.11    Test Specifics-Test Bed General Description
                                     Statement of Confidentiality

This report has been submitted for the sole and exclusive use of Pacific Environmental Services, and shall not be disclosed or provided to
 any other entity, corporation, or third part for purposes beyond the specific scope or intent of this document -without the express written
                                  consent of Colorado State University.

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                        APPENDIX

Appendix A    Engine Test Data
Appendix B    Daily Baseline Data Points
Appendix C    Test Point QC Checks
Appendix D    Test Points
Appendix E    Reference Method Analyzers Calibrations
Appendix F    FTIR Calibration
Appendix G    FTIR Validation
Appendix H    Calibration Gas Certification Sheets
Appendix I     Baseline Methane/Non-Methane Analyzer
Appendix J     Pressure and Temperature Calibrations
Appendix K    Equipment Certification Sheets
Appendix L    Dynamometer Calibration
Appendix M    Dynamometer Calibration Procedure
Appendix N    Gas Analysis
Appendix O    Gas Analysis Calibrations
Appendix P    Gas Analysis Calculations - Fuel Specific F Factor
Appendix Q    Stoichiometric Air/Fuel Calculations
Appendix R    Computing Air/Fuel Ratio from Exhaust Composition
Appendix S    "An Investigation on Inlet Air Humidity Effects on a Large-Bore, Two Stroke
               Natural Gas Fired Engine"
Appendix T    "Derivation of General Equation for Obtaining Engine Exhaust Emissions on a Mass
               Basis Using the "Total Carbon" Method"
Appendix U    Annubar Flow Calculations
Appendix V    Additional Calculations
Appendix W   "Compilation of Emissions Data for Stationary Reciprocating Gas Engines and Gas
               Turbines in Use by American Gas Association Member Companies"
Appendix X    Exhaust Piping Schematic
                                     Statement of Confidentiality

 This report has been submitted for the sole and exclusive use of Pacific Environmental Services, and shall not be disclosed or provided to
 any other entity, corporation, or third pan for purposes beyond the specific scope or intent of this document without the express written
                                  consent of Colorado State University.

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                   1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1     OVERVIEW

Natural gas  fueled  and diesel  fueled  reciprocating engines represent a  large  portion  of the
horsepower in  operation within the oil and gas industry and power generation markets.  With
stringent emissions regulations being required by federal, state, and local agencies, information about
current engine emission levels and development of new technologies to reduce and control emissions
levels  has become essential  for federal agencies, engine manufacturers, and equipment operators.
Criteria pollutants and Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPS) issues are of major concern for both two-
stroke  and four-stroke engine operators.  Current  Environmental  Protection Agency  (EPA) and
natural gas industry funded test programs  are directed toward  evaluating  emission  levels from
existing engines, determining formation mechanisms for the exhaust gas constituents of interest, and
developing new technologies to reduce the emissions levels of these constituents. The investigation
of the  application of commercially available techniques designed to address the HAPs emissions
from  reciprocating  internal combustion engines (RICEs) will  allow the EPA  to  quantify the
effectiveness of current commercially available control devices. These devices have been identified
as having the potential to reduce HAPs emissions from stationary RICE sources. Information gained
through this program will assist the EPA  in the regulatory development effort.

Accurate information on emission levels from operational facilities is difficult to obtain.  Based upon
a recommendation from the Internal Combustion Coordinating Rulemaking Committee (ICCR) to
the EPA, testing is being conducted on industrial class engines at the Industrial Engine Test Facility
operated by Colorado State  University.  Testing is  being conducted on  both two-stroke and four-
stroke, natural gas and diesel fueled industrial class engines.  The test program for two-stroke, lean
burn, natural gas fueled internal combustion engine has been performed during Phase One of this test
program. The results of Phase One testing are contained within this document.

1.2     BACKGROUND

The 1990  Amendments to  the  Clean  Air  Act  include provisions that significantly  impact the
operation of stationary reciprocating internal combustion  engines.  Of the ten titles to these
amendments, four have direct bearing. They are as follows:

        Title I - Attainment of Air Quality Standards
            Defines ambient air quality standards, defines  non-attainment areas  based, imposes
            emissions  reductions  to achieve  attainment  per specified  timeline  per  reasonably
            available control technology (RACT).
Emissions Testing                                 1 . l                 Pacif,c Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
       Title III - Hazardous Air Pollutants
           Defines  189  pollutants  classified  as hazardous  air pollutants  (HAPS),  specifies
           thresholds in tons per year (TPY) for any one of these pollutants or a combination of
           these compounds, introduces maximum  achievable  control technology (MACT) for
           sources triggering thresholds.

       Title V  - Operating Permits
           Imposes requirement to obtain federal operating permits for major sources, imposes
           requirement to provide annual certification of compliance, defines emissions fees based
           on actual emissions.

       Title VII - Enforcement
           Establish mechanisms to  enhance and  strengthen enforcement of CAA, establishes
           criminal penalties,  gives  authority  to issue administrative orders (fines  /  penalties)
           without going to federal court for certain violations.

Because  of the significant economic and operational  impacts  of  the  CAAA  and subsequent
rulemakings by the EPA and state agencies, reciprocating internal combustion engine research has
focused efforts into research  programs directed at cost-effective reduction  and monitoring of
emissions from these sources. Specifically, much of the work performed to date has focused on the
reduction  of NOX emissions,  with very good  success.   These efforts  have developed control
strategies for NOX reductions by either altering the combustion  process or by means of exhaust gas
after treatment.  Currently, none of these strategies focus on the formation / reduction of air toxins.

The  EPA in  conjunction with the RICE Work Group of the  ICCR  process has  determined that
additional emissions data for HAPs exhaust gas constituents is necessary  to support the  regulatory
development  process.  In a RICE Emissions Test Plan Document dated November 1997, a five
component test  plan to  acquire additional HAPs emissions test data was set forth.   The five
components include the following:

               Engines, Fuels, and Emissions Controls to be tested
               Matrix of Operating Conditions to be tested
               Pollutants to be Measured During Testing
               Test Methods to Quantify Emissions
               Prioritization

Seven HAPs pollutants are included  in the test  plan.  These compounds are BTEX ( Benzene,
Toluene, Ethlybenzene, and Xylene),  formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein.  Naphthalene, 1-3
Butadiene, and PAH's are also included. N-hexane and metals are included for diesel fuel engines.
Emissions Testing                                1 - 2                  Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
Criteria pollutants are measured for all engines and particulate matter will be measured for the diesel
engine, depending upon available funding.

Insight gained through the test program will provide information on the engine operating conditions
thut affect the formation / reduction mechanisms of HAPs. The investigation of the application of
commercially available techniques designed to address the HAPs emissions from RICEs will allow
the EPA to quantify the  effectiveness  of current commercially available control devices.  These
devices have been identified as having the potential to reduce HAPs emissions from stationary RICE
sources.  Information gained through this program will assist the EPA in the regulatory development
effort.
Emissions Testing                                 1 - 3                  Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                  2.0 TEST PROGRAM
2.1    OBJECTIVE

The objective of this program is to evaluate commercially available catalyst technologies which have
been identified as having the potential to control both  formaldehyde and  other Hazardous  Air
Pollutants (HAPS) as well as existing criteria pollutants  from reciprocating internal  combustion
engines (RICE).  The specific internal combustion engine class tested under the Phase One  test
program was the two-stroke, lean burn, natural gas fueled internal combustion  engines. The catalyst
hardware was evaluated  according to the  16-point test  matrix developed by the EPA, and the
Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine (RICE) Work Group of the ICCR process. Investigation
of catalyst performance during operation at various engine operating conditions provides insight into
the effectiveness of catalysts at various conditions. The information  gained through the test program
will assist the EPA in regulatory development efforts for control of HAPs emissions  and  criteria
pollutants from RICE sources.

2.2    INCENTIVES

Title III of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendment requires the development of Maximum Achievable
Control Technology  (MACT) standards  for  major sources  of Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)
emissions.  A MACT major source is defined as one that emits greater than 10 tons per year of any
single  HAP or 25 tons per year for all HAPs.  For most source categories  (RICE included), the
MACT standards will require existing major sources apply HAPs emissions control technologies that
reduce emissions to  a level achieved by the best performing existing sources.  In some cases,
depending upon the  cost of the control technology  and the amount  and toxicity of the HAPs
removed, more stringent standards may be set. The MACT standards for RICEs are scheduled to be
promulgated by the year 2000.

Of the HAPs listed, the EPA in conjunction with the Internal Combustion Coordinating Rulemaking
Committee (ICCR) have  identified compounds which may be present in the exhaust of reciprocating
internal combustion engines.  Existing test data indicates that the only HAPs  present in the exhaust
of RICEs at levels approaching 10 tons per year is formaldehyde.  Currently, commercially available
technologies which may have the potential ability toward reducing HAPs emissions from RICEs are
after treatment technologies (catalyst).

Commercially available after-treatment technologies (catalysts) for the control of organic compound
emissions are currently in operation on RICEs.  These technologies  have demonstrated performance
for control of volatile  organic compounds  (VOCs) and  products of incomplete combustion.
However, there is limited information on the effectiveness  of these technologies for reducing organic
Emissions Testing                                2 - 1                  Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
HAPs emissions.  Determining the effectiveness and longevity of exhaust catalyst will aid the EPA
in evaluating current technologies for control  of HAPs emissions from RICE sources as well  as
provide information in support of regulatory development by the EPA for these sources.
2.3
WORK PLAN
Pacific Environmental Services  (PES) serves as the prime contractor responsible for providing
information to the EPA.  CSU is a subcontractor to PES.  Testing was conducted at the Colorado
State University 's Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory. The engine and catalyst type tested
is described in Table 1.

                                         TABLE  1

                             ENGINE AND CATALYST TYPE
Engine Classification
Manufacturer and type
Number of Cylinders
Bore and Stroke
Engine Speed
Ignition System Classification
Ignition System
Precombustion Chamber Type
Number of Precombustion Chambers
Catalyst Classification
Manufacturer
Element Size
Number of Elements
Two-Stroke, Lean Burn, Natural Gas Fueled
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
4
14"xl4"
300 RPM
Spark Ignited Precombustion Chamber
Altronic CPU-2000
Diesel Supply "Screw In" Chamber
1 Per Cylinder
Oxidation Type
Miratech Corporation
12"xl6"x3"
2
The test matrix as defined, is described in Table 2 with engine baseline conditions shown in Table 3.
Deviations from the described test conditions are detailed in Section 3 of this report. Each test point
consisted of collecting thirty-three minutes of data.  The raw data was averaged into thirty-three one-
minute data points.  The data points were then averaged to  provide the results for the  single test
point. The results are presented in tabular form in Appendix A of this report.
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                                                  COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                  TABLE 2

                        SIXTEEN POINT TEST MATRIX
                      ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS
  COOPER-BESSEMER GMV-4VTF (2-STROKE LFAN BURN, NATURAL-GAS-FIRED)
                  US EPA ICCR RICE HAP EMISSION TESTING
Operating
Conditions to be
Tested:
Run 1
Run 2
Run 3
Run 4
Run 5
Run 6
Run?
Run 8
Run 9
Run 10
Run 11
Run 12
Run 13
Run 14
Run 15
Run 16

Speed
(rpm)
H
H
L
L
H
H
H
L
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
L = 270
H = 300
Torque (%
of baseline)
H
L
L
H
H
H
L
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
L = 70
H=100
Air-to-Fuel
Ratio
N
N
N
N
L
H
H
L
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N = 0.33
L = 0.30
H = 0.36
Timing
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
L
H
S
S
S = 2.5
L=l
H = 6
Air
Manifold
Temp.
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
L
H
S
S
S
S
S
S
S = 110
L = 90
H=130
Jacket
Water
Temp.
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
L
H
S
S
S
S
S=165
L=155
H=175
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                                                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                       TABLE 3
              COOPER BESSEMER GMV - 4TF BASELINE CONDITIONS
Engine Operating Parameters
Engine Torque
Engine Speed
Jacket Water Temperature Outlet
Engine Oil Temperature Outlet
Air Manifold Temperature
Air Manifold Pressure
Exhaust Manifold Pressure
Ignition Timing*
Overall Air/Fuel Ratio
Inlet Air Humidity-Absolute
Engine Fuel Flow SCFH
Engine Oil Pressure Inlet
Inlet Air Flow
Average Engine Exhaust Temperature
Nominal Value
7,702 ft-lb.
300 RPM
165°F
155°F
110°F
7. 5 "Hg above Atm.
2.5"Hg below AMP
10°BTDC
42:1
0.001 5 Ib. H2O/lb.
Air
3,650 SCFH
28 Ib.
1,600-1, 700 SCFM
700°F
Acceptable Range
± 2% of value
± 5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
± 10% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
± 5% of value
±5% of value
Designation
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
       *Note: Actual engine ignition timing was at 0.4°BTDC for baseline conditions.  This was
              due to the use of precombustion  chambers as the ignition source.  The standard
              ignition  timing  in the  test matrix was set  at  1.8°BTDC.  Actual ignition timing
              during test program was determined based  on  setting location of peak pressure  at
              nominal conditions.  Deviations are detailed in Section 3 of this report.
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                             3.0 DEVIATIONS TO TEST PROGRAM

Testing on the two-stroke, lean burn, natural gas fired 1C engine was conducted between March 31,
1999 and April 2, 1999.  Prior to initiation of the 16 point test matrix, a validation procedure was
performed on the two FTIR analyzers. The analyzers were validated for formaldehyde, acrolein, and
acetaldehyde.  Modifications to the  baseline engine  operating conditions  were made prior to the
beginning of the test matrix. The variances from the original test program are described below:

3.1    FTIR VALIDATION

A validation procedure was performed on the two FTIR analyzers.  Eastern Research Group (ERG)
performed the validation procedures on March 30, 1999. The validation procedure was conducted in
basic  accordance with procedures outlined  in EPA  Method  301-"Field  Validation  of Pollutant
Measurement Methods from Various Waste Media". Validation procedures  for aldehydes utilized an
analyte spiking technique as specified in Method  301.  Validation procedures for NOX, CO, and
moisture  were not performed. The validation for the criteria pollutants will use the data collected
during the test program to perform the  validation  procedures.   Comparative sampling to  the
appropriate EPA reference methods, (Method 7E & 20, Method 10, and Method 4, respectively), for
these  compounds will be performed by comparing FTIR analyzer data to reference methods data
generated during the test program.  If requested, validation procedures for  CO2 and THC could be
performed.  The appropriate EPA reference method for comparative sampling would be Method 20
and Method 25A, respectively.  Deviations from the described procedures are as follows:

    Analyte Spiking:
       The validation for the target aldehyde  compounds was carried out by means of dynamic
       analyte spiking of the sample gas. The sample stream of the exhaust gas was spiked with all
       of the specific analytes simultaneously.  This change had no impact on the test procedure or
       results.

           Formaldehyde:

           Formaldehyde spike gas was generated by volatilization of a formalin solution prepared
           from a stock formalin solution of 37% formaldehyde  by weight.  The solution was
           vaporized by means of a heated vaporization  block.  The vaporized formalin  solution
           then mixed with a carrier gas and flowed into the sample exhaust stream.  Carrier gas
           flow rate was measured  by a mass flow meter equipped with readout.  The carrier gas
           was to be Nitrogen; however, since it was determined  to perform the validation process
           for all aldehyde compounds simultaneously, the Acetaldehyde/Acrolein blend calibration
           gas was used as a carrier gas for the vaporized  Formaldehyde.  No impact on the quality
           of the validation data resulted from this deviation in procedure.
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
          Acetlyaldehyde/Acrolein

          Acetlyaldehyde  and acrolein  spiked samples  were generated  from a  certified  gas
          standard (Scott Specialty Gases, ±2% analytical accuracy) which contain both analyte
          species and a sulfur hexaflouride (SFg) tracer gas. The gas flow rate was measured by a
          mass flow meter equipped with  readout. The validation of Acetaldehyde/Acrolein was
          conducted in conjunction with the Formaldehyde validation. No impact on the quality of
          the validation data resulted from this deviation in procedure.

          Upon investigation, it was determined that the Acetaldehyde calibration gas standards
          supplied by  Scott Specialty Gases were inaccurate.  The Nicolet Rega 7000 FTIR, which
          had previously been validated for Acetaldehyde, showed that the calibration gases for
          Acetaldehyde were reading lower ppm  values  than the certification indicated.   The
          spectra for the Acetaldehyde were analyzed and the calibration gases were found to have
          an  impurity  in the standard.  A method was developed to compensate for the impurity so
          that the Acetaldehyde standards could be analyzed on the Nicolet Magna 560 FTIR.

          The two component standard  for Acetaldehyde/Acrolein  was  used  to perform the
          validation process.  The concentration  of the Acetaldehyde  in the two component
          standard was determined by analyzing the spectra with both  FTIRs. Both units were in
          agreement on the value of the Acetaldehyde concentration  in the calibration standard.
          The validation process was conducted, and upon  completion,  the calibration gas standard
          was shipped to PES for evaluation. Scott Specialty Gases was contacted and informed of
          the situation. The other calibration  standards for  Acetaldehyde were returned to Scott
          Specialty Gases for analysis. Scott Specialty Gases have not made a final determination
          on all the gases.  PES will provide information on  the two component standard used for
          the validation process.

          Impact on the validation process:

           1.    The calibration gas standard is analyzed and found to be in agreement with the field
                evaluation.  The validation for the Acetaldehyde will be complete.
          2.    The calibration gas standard is analyzed and found to not be in agreement with the
                field evaluation. In this event, several options are available:

                -  The validation for the Acetaldehyde will  need  to be performed  and data
                   adjusted if the initial validation is deemed inaccurate.
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
               -  Third  party  analysis  of the  spectra  to determine  if  the Acetaldehyde
                   concentration values are correct.  It is anticipated that this would be performed
                   by ERG.
               -  Other options may exist and should be explored with the assistance of EPA,
                   PES, ERG, and CSU.
               -  Acceptance of data based upon analysis of the calibration gas by the Nicolet
                   Rega 7000, which has previously been validated for Acetaldehyde, Acrolein,
                   and Formaldehyde.

 3.2    FTIR POST CATALYST WATER ANALYSIS

Analysis method  on the  Nicolet Magna 560  FTIR analyzer gave water measurements that  were
excessively  high  for post-catalyst emissions  measurements.  The spectra for H2O,  provided  by
Nicolet, on  the Magna 560 calculated water  content to be approximately 6%  higher than actual
exhaust gas  concentrations.  Carbon balance calculations for each one-minute data point, at all test
conditions, agreed with the H2O readings from the Rega 7000 FTIR analyzer, pre-catalyst emissions
measurement. The measurements agreed within ±0.5% to ±1% water content. The carbon balance
calculations  for the post  catalyst water content  agreed with the pre  catalyst  measurements within
±0.5% to ±1% water content at all test conditions. The carbon balance measurements are based upon
the pre-catalyst and post-catalyst reference method analyzers.  Since  the pre-catalyst and  post-
catalyst measurements  were made with separate analyzers, the variability in the H2O calculation
could be caused by variability in emissions analyzers.

Water content in  the exhaust is dependent upon the actual combustion process within the engine's
combustion  chambers.  Since water is one  of the major products of combustion,  as the combustion
process varies, so will the water content in the exhaust. Changes in engine operating parameters over
the sixteen-point test matrix caused changes in the products of combustion, water  being one of these
products.  As the actual  combustion process was being  modified  based on the varying engine
operating  conditions at each  test point, the water content in the exhaust changed with  these
variations.

The changes in the water content were calculated by the carbon balance method and detected by the
FTIR analyzer.   Based on the  agreement between the post-catalyst FTIR measurements and the
carbon balance calculation for water content,  at every test condition, and between the pre-catalyst
and post-catalyst  calculations, the water content from the post-catalyst FTIR measurements  were
used to convert the  wet  FTIR  measurements to dry measurements.  New water spectra will be
generated for the  Nicolet Magna 560 FTIR analyzer and the spectra re-analyzed for water content.
As both FTIR analyzers passed the  validation process and passed all QC checks, the variation in
water readings from the Nicolet Magna 560 analyzer has no impact on the  results of the testing
conducted during  Phase One of the overall test  program.
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
3.3    BASELINE ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS

Baseline engine operating conditions as described in the Scope of Work are presented in Table 3 of
this report. Deviations from the Baseline engine operating conditions as presented are as follows:

       Engine Torque:
       Full load engine torque  is 7720 foot pounds of torque.  The baseline torque was stated as
       7702 ft.lbs. This is a misprint. Documentation should be corrected to show 7720 ft.lbs. as
       full load torque.

       Humidity Ratio:
       Baseline humidity ratio is 0.015-lb. H2O/lb. air.  The baseline humidity ratio was stated as
       0.0015-lb. H2O/lb. air .  This is a misprint.  Documentation should be corrected to show
       0.015-lb. H2O/lb. air as baseline humidity ratio.

       Ignition Timing:
       Ignition timing for the baseline was documented as 10°BTDC.  This is correct for the engine
       when  operating with standard spark  plug ignition.  When operating  in a  lean  burn
       configuration, spark  ignited precombustion chambers are required. A high energy ignition
       source is required to light  the lean air/fuel ratios.  The ignition  timing is  retarded  to
       compensate for  the  increase in  released energy from the precombustion chambers and
       accelerated  burn durations.   The  ignition  timing  is typically set  between 0°BTDC and
       4°BTDC for precombustion chamber operation depending upon the engine.  The adjustments
       in ignition timing are made  to maintain engine power cylinder operation  at design peak
       pressure and location of peak pressure.  If ignition timing was maintained  at 10°BTDC and
       not retarded to compensate for the higher energy ignition source (precombustion chamber),
       power cylinder peak pressures and temperatures would exceed manufacturer's safety factors.
       Engine NOx emissions  would increase exponentially, and operation of the engine in this
       manner would lead to a catastrophic failure.

       Ignition timing for the Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4TF was set at 0.4°BTDC. At this ignition
       timing, engine power cylinder peak pressures and location of peak pressures agreed with
       engine data when operating with  standard spark plugs at 10°BTDC.  Average  location of
       peak pressure for the power cylinders was maintained at approximately 18°ATDC.  Average
       power cylinder peak pressure was approximately 500 psia.  This adjustment was made for
       the engine baseline point.
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                                                            COLORADO STA TE UNIVERSITY
       Operation of the engine in this manner is typical of field engine operation. All two-stroke,
       lean burn, natural gas fueled engines equipped with precombustion chambers have ignition
       timing which is retarded in relation to their standard spark plug ignited counterparts. Testing
       results generated are typical of all large-bore, two-stroke, lean burn, natural gas fired 1C
       engines.

3.4    TWO-STROKE ENGINE TEST MATRIX

The  two-stroke engine  sixteen point  test matrix and  associated engine operating  conditions as
described in the Scope of Work are presented in Table 3 of this report. During testing discrepancies
between  the CSU "Scope of Work" and the QAPP in relation to  engine operating conditions were
identified.  The QAPP  referenced  engine operating  data  in  relation to  field engines  originally
proposed in the ICCR process and not the engines at Colorado State University. Deviations from the
engine operating conditions described in the sixteen-point test matrix  are referenced to the CSU
"Scope of Work". Deviation from the described engine operating conditions are as follows:

       Global Deviation in Engine Operating Conditions

       Ignition Timing:
       Ignition timing for the nominal engine operating condition was documented as 2.5°BTDC.
       Ignition timing for  the  Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4TF  was set at 1.8°BTDC as the nominal
       engine ignition timing.  At this ignition timing, engine power cylinder peak pressures and
       location of peak pressures agreed with field engine data. This operating point is the designed
       operating point for this engine.  Average location of peak pressure for the power cylinders
       was maintained at approximately 18°ATDC.  Average power cylinder peak pressure was
       approximately 500 psia. Similar conditions are achieved when operating with standard spark
       plugs at an ignition timing of 10°BTDC.  This adjustment was made for the engine at
       nominal test conditions, Test Point 1.  Engine ignition timing was adjusted to maintain an
       average location of peak pressure for all power cylinders at 18°ATDC.  The only exceptions
       were at test conditions where  cylinder imbalance was adjusted  (Test Points 15 and  16), or
       where ignition timing was intentionally varied (Test Points 13 and  14). At these  conditions,
       the average  location of peak pressures were allowed to deviate from the nominal condition.
       Because of the adjustment to the nominal ignition timing, the low "L" and high "H" ignition
       timings, relative to  nominal conditions, were determined to  be 0.2°BTDC and 3.9°BTDC,
       respectively.

       Operation of the engine in this manner is typical of field  engine operation. Although field
       installations typically do not have ability to monitor power cylinder pressures and make
       adjustments on a real time basis, routine maintenance and  pressure balancing  procedures
       ensure the engine is operating  at the design condition. Since the test facility is designed to
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                                                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
      simulate  multiple  engine configurations  at  varying  operating  conditions,  continual
      monitoring and  adjustment of ignition timing is required to maintain design operation.
      Testing results generated are typical of large-bore, two-stroke, lean burn, natural gas fired 1C
      engines used in field operation.

      Test Point Specific Variances

      Only deviations, which were not previously described in the "Global Deviation" section, will
      be described.

      Test Point 1A:
      Test Point 1A is a complete set of data for Test Point 1. The original Test Point 1 was taken
      on MarchSO, 1999.  The test point was  found to be missing data from the FTIR analyzers;
      therefore, the point was duplicated on March 1, 1999 and renamed Test Point 1A.

      Test Point 2 and Test Point 7:
      Test Point 2 and Test Point 7 were combined during the engine test program. The test points
      are described in the following table.
                                        TABLE 4

                          ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS
  COOPER-BESSEMER GMV-4VTF (2-STROKE LEAN BURN, NATURAL-GAS-FIRED)
                     US EPA ICCR RICE HAP EMISSION TESTING
Operating
Conditions to be
Tested:
Run 2
Run 7



Speed
(rpm)

H
H
L = 270
H = 300

Torque (%
of baseline)

L
L
L = 70
H=100

Air-to-Fuel
Ratio

N
H
N = 0.33
L = 0.30
H = 0.36
Timing


S
S
S = 2.5
L=l
H = 6
Air
Manifold
Temp.
S
S
S= 110
L = 90
H=130
Jacket
Water
Temp.
S
S
S= 165
L=155
H=175
       The engine parameter, which was modified for these test conditions, was overall engine air-
       fuel-ratio. The air-to-fuel ratio was described in terms of overall equivalence ratios for the
       "N" and "H" values.  The values presented in the test plan were unrealistically rich for two-
       stroke engines operating under these conditions. The minimum amount of air that would be
       delivered by a two-stroke engine, either lean  burn or piston scavenged,  corresponds  to a
       piston scavenged unit. A piston scavenged engine delivers air to the engine by means of air
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
       compressor pistons (scavenging pistons) driven directly off of the  engine crankshaft.  Air
       delivery in this manner is typically lower than air  delivery from standard turbocharged
       configurations,  supercharger  configurations,  or turbocharged,  lean burn  configurations.
       Additionally, air delivery on piston scavenged engines is proportional to engine speed.

       To achieve the desired air-to-fuel  ratios described in  the test  plan would  have required
       dropping engine air manifold pressure below the minimum air manifold pressure that would
       be supplied by a piston scavenged unit at the same conditions. Therefore, it was determined
       to operate the engine at an air manifold pressure typical of a piston-scavenged unit at similar
       operating  conditions.  Based  on testing  at CSU  and  field engine operating  data (example
       contained in Appendix W), the boost pressure required to  achieve similar conditions has
       been determined to be 7.75"Hg (3.75"Hg boost achieve similar air manifold pressure + 4"Hg
       boost to provide similar barometric pressure).  At this air manifold pressure, the overall air-
       to-fuel ratio was 58.9, which was leaner than the requested air-to-fuel ratio for either Test
       Point 2 or Test Point 7.  It was decided to combine the two test points into one since neither
       of the two original test points was realistic of field engine operating  conditions.  Data, which
       was gathered at the new "combined" test point, is realistic of field operating conditions.

       Test Point 3:
       Test Point 3 was collected with the engine  operating at  a leaner air-to-fuel ratio than
       described in the original test matrix.  The test point, as originally  described in the test matrix,
       is presented in the following table.
                                         TABLE 5

                           ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS
  COOPER-BESSEMER GMV-4VTF (2-STROKE LEAN BURN, NATURAL-GAS-FIRED)
                      US EPA ICCR RICE HAP EMISSION TESTING
Operating
Conditions to be
Tested:
Run 3



Speed
(rpm)

L
L = 270
H = 300

Torque (%
of baseline)

L
L = 70
H=100

Air-to-Fuel
Ratio

N
N = 0.33
L = 0.30
H = 0.36
Timing


S
S = 2.5
L= 1
H = 6
Air
Manifold
Temp.
S
S=110
L = 90
H=130
Jacket
Water
Temp.
S
S = 165
L=155
H=175
       The engine parameters, which were modified for this test condition, was engine speed and
       load.  The air-to-fuel ratio was described in terms of overall equivalence ratios for the "N"
       value.  The value presented in the test plan was unrealistically rich for two-stroke engines

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                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
       operating under these conditions. The minimum amount of air that would be delivered by a
       two-stroke engine, either lean burn or piston scavenged, corresponds to a piston scavenged
       unit.   A piston scavenged engine delivers  air to the engine by means of air  compressor
       pistons (scavenging pistons) driven directly off of the engine crankshaft. Air delivery in this
       manner is typically lower  than air  delivery from standard turbocharged configurations,
       supercharger configurations, or turbocharged, lean burn configurations.    Additionally, air
       delivery on piston scavenged engines is proportional to engine speed.

       To achieve the desired air-to-fuel ratio  described in the test plan would  have  required
       dropping engine air manifold pressures below the minimum air manifold pressure that would
       be supplied by a piston scavenged unit at the same conditions. Therefore, it was determined
       to operate the engine at an air manifold pressure typical of a piston-scavenged unit at similar
       operating conditions. Based on testing at CSU and field  engine operating  data (example
       contained in Appendix W),  the boost pressure required to achieve similar conditions has
       been  determined to be 6.8"Hg  (2.8"Hg boost achieve similar air manifold pressure + 4"Hg
       boost to provide similar barometric pressure). At this air manifold pressure, the overall air to
       fuel ratio was 64.1, which is  leaner than described  in the original test matrix.  It was decided
       to operate the engine at  an air manifold pressure indicative of piston  scavenged  engine
       operation at low speed conditions. Data, which was gathered at the new test condition, is
       realistic of field operating conditions.

       Test  Point 4 and Test Point 8:
       Test Point 4 and Test Point 8 were collected with the engine operating at 95% load. This was
       the highest load achievable at this  engine speed.  The test points  are  described  in  the
       following table.
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                                                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                        TABLE 6

                          ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS
  COOPER-BESSEMER GMV-4VTF (2-STROKE LEAN BURN, NATURAL-GAS-FIRED)
                     US EPA ICCR RICE HAP EMISSION TESTING
Operating
Conditions to be
Tested:
Run 4
Run 8



Speed
(rpm)
L
L
L = 270
H = 300

Torque (%
of baseline)
H
H
L = 70
H=100

Air-to-Fuel
Ratio
N
L
N = 0.33
L = 0.30
H = 0.36
Timing
S
S
S = 2.5
L=l-
H = 6
Air
Manifold
Temp.
S
S
S= 110
L = 90
H= 130
Jacket
Water
Temp.
S
S
S = 165
L= 155
H=175
       The engine parameter, which was modified for these test conditions, was engine speed and
       load.  The air-to-fuel ratio was described in terms of overall equivalence ratios for the "N"
       and "L" values.  Due to reduced engine speed, the highest achievable torque was 95%.  At
       reduced torque,  engine exhaust temperatures will be lower than at full torque.   NOX
       emissions will typically be  lower, and THC  and CO  emissions are usually higher.  As a
       general statement, HAPs emissions typically trend with the THC and CO emissions in lean
       burn engines. The catalyst temperatures at these points are approximately 40°F - 60°F  lower
       than nominal conditions,  Test Point  1A, and 50°F - 70°F higher than the coolest catalyst
       temperatures achieved during the test program.

       Typical engine operation in the field would  allow for engines to  operate at 80% -  100%
       torque at lower speed operation.  Piston scavenged units and standard turbocharged units
       have the ability to run higher torque at reduced speeds.  Lean bum engines, which place a
       higher demand on turbocharger performance, have a harder time maintaining full torque at
       lower speeds.  The energy delivered to the turbocharger is insufficient to maintain engine
       operation at full torque conditions at low speed operation.

       When an engine is capable of achieving full torque conditions under slow speed operation,
       engine exhaust temperatures would have been similar  (lean burn) or slightly higher (piston
       scavenged & standard turbocharger operation) when compared to nominal engine operating
       conditions. The engine emissions would also be similar, with NOX emissions being the same
       (lean  burn) or  higher (piston scavenged or standard turbocharger  operation),  and  CO
       emissions being the same or lower, lean burn or piston  scavenged and standard turbocharger
       operation respectively.  Catalyst efficiencies would be  similar or slightly increased if higher
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
       exhaust temperatures were present. The test data indicates that even at reduced torque, the
       catalyst efficiencies are similar to nominal engine operating conditions. The operation of the
       engine at 95% torque at low speed conditions is indicative of field engine operation at low
       speed conditions.

       Test Point 9A:

       Test Point 9A is a complete set of data for Test Point 9.  The original Test Point 9 was taken
       and found to have a low engine speed.  The point was duplicated and renamed Test Point 9A.
       The humidity system, which was used to maintain constant inlet air humidity, was shut down
       during this test point. The system experienced a failure prior to  initiation  of the test point
       and it was determined to conduct the test point without inlet air humidity control.  The set
       point for humidity ratio  for all test points is 0.015 Ibs. water / Ibs.  dry  air.  The actual
       humidity ratio for Test Point 9A was 0.0015 Ibs. water / Ibs. dry air.

       Appendix S  contains a paper entitled "An  Investigation on Inlet Air Humidity Effects on a
       Large-Bore,  Two-Stroke Natural Gas Fired Engine" presented at the  1998 Gas Machinery
       Conference.   The paper presents work funded by the PRCI and GRI. The draft report for the
       project is currently in review and final report is due to be released later this year.  The paper
       details the effects of variations in humidity on engine performance and  emissions.
       Results from  investigation into  the  effects of humidity on engine  emissions  show  the
       following (Appendix S: Figure 27 - Figure 30):
              -   With increasing humidity ratio, NOX emissions decrease.
              -   With increasing humidity ratio formaldehyde production increases.
              -   With  increasing humidity  ratio, CO  emissions decrease slightly while  THC
                  emissions remain fairly constant.
              -   With   increasing  humidity  ratio  exhaust  temperatures  increase   slightly,
                  approximately 5°F over the range of humidity ratios at the air manifold  boost
                  pressure  for Test Point 9A(Appendix S: Figure 9).

       Over the range which the humidity ratio deviated from the test matrix  for Test Point 9A, the
       engine emissions should be similar to engine emissions  at the specified humidity ratio.  The
       most dramatic effect will be on NOX  emissions as can be seen from the data and the graphs
       presented in Appendix S.  At reduced air manifold temperatures (with engine operating
       parameters remaining constant), reduction in NOX emissions would be the most noticeable
       change.  NOX emissions would  be  reduced due  to the lower  inlet air  temperature and
       increased  inlet air density. At a constant  humidity ratio, it would be expected that CH2O
       emissions would either remain constant or increase slightly with similar changes in CO and
       THC emissions.
Emissions Testing                                 3-10                 Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
       The data collected at Test Point 9A is indicative of engine field data under similar operating
       conditions.   The variation in  humidity ratio  represents  minimal impact  on the overall
       emissions obtained for this data point.  The most noticeable impact would be increased NOX
       emissions due to changes in ambient conditions, which would result in elevated in-cylinder
       temperatures and reduce heat capacity of the inlet air charge.

       Test Point 11 and Test Point 12:
       Test Point  11  and Test Point  12 were collected with the engine operating at  different
       conditions than presented in the original test plan.  The original test points are described in
       the following table.
                                         TABLE 8

                           ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS
   COOPER-BESSEMER GMV-4VTF (2-STROKE LEAN BURN, NATURAL-GAS-FIRED)
                      US EPA ICCR  RICE HAP EMISSION TESTING
Operating
Conditions to be
Tested:
Run 11
Run 12



Speed
(rpm)

H
H
L = 270
H = 300

Torque (%
of baseline)

H
H
L = 70
H=100

Air-to-Fuel
Ratio

N
N
N = 0.33
L = 0.30
H = 0.36
Timing


S
S
S = 2.5
L= 1
H = 6
Air
Manifold
Temp.
S
S
S= 110
L = 90
H=130
Jacket
Water
Temp.
L
H
S=165
L=155
H=175
       The engine parameter, which was modified for these test conditions, was overall engine
       jacket water temperature.  The jacket water temperatures  were varied  according to the
       original test matrix, but the engine was not operating at the nominal  conditions specified.
       The engine was operating at conditions described in Test Point 8. The engine was operating
       at low speed, 95% torque (full load torque at low speed application), and lean air to fuel
       ratio.  It was determined during the test program to acquire the data for Test Point 11 and
       Test Point 12 at the Test Point 8 Conditions.  This would allow one point of the PAH test
       program to be taken simultaneously with these two points of the original test matrix.  The
       effects of variations in engine jacket water temperature can be quantified at either nominal
       (standard) operating conditions, or at the operating conditions described in Test Point 8. The
       data collected under the actual operating conditions for Test Point 11  and Test Point  12  is
       indicative of engine field data under similar operating conditions and variations in engine
       jacket water temperature at other load and speed conditions.
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By the U.S. EPA.
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                                                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
      Test Point 13 and Test Point 14:
      Test Point 13 and Test Point 14 were collected with the engine operating at different ignition
      timing than the ignition timing presented in the original test plan.  The original test points
      are described in the following table.
                                       TABLE 7

                         ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS
 COOPER-BESSEMER GMV-4VTF (2-STROKE LEAN BURN, NATURAL-GAS-FIRED)
                     US EPA ICCR RICE HAP EMISSION TESTING
Operating
Conditions to be
Tested:
Run 13
Run 14



Speed
(rpm)
H
H
L = 270
H = 300

Torque (%
of baseline)
H
H
L = 70
H=100

Air-to-Fuel
Ratio
N
N
N = 0.33
L = 0.30
H = 0.36
Timing
L
H
S = 2.5
L= 1
H = 6
Air
Manifold
Temp.
S
S
S- 110
L = 90
H= 130
Jacket
Water
Temp.
S
S
S= 165
L=155
H=175
       The engine parameter, which was modified for these test  conditions, was overall engine
       ignition timing.  The ignition timing for Test Point 13 and Test Point 14 was 0.2°BTDC and
       3.9°BTDC, respectively.  The "L" and "H" values were changed in accordance with the
       change associated with  the nominal ignition timing for precombustion chamber operation.
       Refer to the Sections 3:2 and 3:3 for description of global deviation in ignition timing.
       The difference in ignition timing of 1.5 degrees between the nominal and "L" condition was
       achieved.  The difference in ignition timing of 3.5 degrees between the nominal and "H"
       condition was not achieved.  A difference of 2.1 degrees was achieved between the nominal
       and "H" condition.   Advancing the ignition timing was limited to 2.1  degrees to prevent
       unsafe operation of the engine.  Ignition timing can only be advanced to the point at which
       power cylinder  peak pressures  and/or cylinder temperatures  reach a maximum allowable
       operating limit.   Operation of the engine above these  limits  could result in a catastrophic
       failure of engine components.  As described in documents  provided to PES, and  in the
       original test matrix, values specified in the test matrix are target values and may vary slightly
       depending on the engine's ability to accommodate the various operational swings. The data
       collected under the actual operating conditions  for Test  Point 13  and Test Point  14  is
       indicative of engine field data under similar operating conditions.
Emissions Testing
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Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.
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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
        PAH Test Points:
        Although not described in the original CSU "Scope of Work", three two hour PAH test runs
        were to be conducted upon completion of the sixteen point test matrix. The PAH test runs
        were to be conducted at a  one test point condition.  The test point condition was to be
        determined based on test data collected from the GCMS.  Based on engine test data, it  was
        determined to operate the engine at the following test conditions:

               PAH Test Run 1:                     Test Point 4
               PAH Test Run 2:                     Test Point 8
               PAH Test Run 3:                     Test Point 8 *
               *Note:  Test Points 11 and 12 were conducted during this PAH Test Run 3.  Engine
                jacket water temperature was varied during this test condition.

        Conducting the PAH testing in this manner met with the guide lines of acquiring PAH data at
        engine operating conditions,  which were  determined by data from GCMS  measurements to
        have the potential to generate PAH emissions.
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By the U.S. EPA.

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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                        4.0  TEST SAMPLING PROCEDURES
                      Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                            Industrial Engine Test Facility
                               Colorado State University
 To aid industrial engine research, Colorado State University was commissioned to design and
 install a dedicated test facility for industrial class, reciprocating internal combustion engines.
 The Industrial  Engine Test  Facility  was  installed  at  the Engines  &  Energy  Conversion
 Laboratory to provide a vehicle by  which environmental and  technological issues related to
 industrial class engines could be evaluated in an independent, economical and efficient manner.
 The facility would also provide a level of expertise and understanding not obtainable from field
 testing.

 4.1     GENERAL TEST PROCEDURES

 As with any viable testing program, a procedure has been established which affords accurate and
 repeatable results. The test program developed for the Industrial Engine Test Facility located at
 the Colorado State University's Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory is no exception to this
 rule.  Testing criteria established for the  test facility ensures that the data collected has a high
 degree of accuracy and can be repeated if warranted.  However,  since the Industrial Engine Test
 Facility was designed to  allow for several different industrial  engine  types  to be tested in a
 laboratory environment, testing procedures differ  somewhat  from field  test procedures and are
 unique to this facility. The sampling procedure and calibration  procedures are described under
 their respective sections of the TEST SPECIFICS portion of this report.

 4.2     TEST SPECIFICS -DATA COLLECTION

 The data collection  process  has been standardized to afford  accurate and  repeatable  results
 throughout a test program.  The high degree of accuracy, which can be obtained at the Industrial
 Engine Test Facility,  is due to the sophisticated level of instrumentation utilized at the facility.
 However, without proper  implementation no  amount of instrumentation can  assure accurate or
 repeatable results. Therefore a specific outline of the data collection process has been developed
 for the Industrial Engine Test Facility.

      Data Point Definition
      A typical data point consisted of engine operating data taken over a specified time period
      and averaged. During normal field  operations, engine-operating parameters will fluctuate.
      Variations in facility process conditions can effect engine speed and load. Minimal control
      equipment or equipment which  is not specialized to provide precision control required for
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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
     engine  research, can  also  generate unstable operation.   Changes  in  environmental
     conditions during the course of a test program will introduce additional  unknowns into
     typical emissions field data.  The Industrial Engine Test Facility was developed through an
     initiative  to  provide a  facility,  which would provide accurate and repeatable data by
     reducing variations in engine operation.  Under controlled conditions at the EECL, these
     fluctuations  related  to  engine load, speed, environmental conditions,  etc.  have been
     minimized. This type of effort has allowed  for accurate and repeatable engine data to be
     collected in a reduced time frame when compared to field research programs.

     A standard data point  collected  at the EECL consists of engine operating  data  being
     gathered over either a  three-minute or five-minute period  and averaged.   It has been
     determined, based  on previous tests, that 3-5 minutes provides an  acceptable time period
     required for  an  appropriate  data  set to be collected and an average for each parameter
     calculated.

     The Large Bore Engine Testbed, which has been functional since  1993, used as a bench
     mark for the other test beds at the EECL.  A data point at the LBET  consists of 101 engine-
     operating parameters, which are collected and averaged for each data point. The data point
     consists of 30  parameters  which  provide  basic engine operating  information, twenty
     parameters which are  received  from the  emissions computer  and the  remaining 51
     parameters are  engine  combustion parameters  calculated with  a combustion analysis
     system. For  each  data  point an  average value,  minimum value, maximum  value,  and
     standard  deviation are obtained  for  all engine operation  and  emissions  parameters
     collected.

     For the work conducted under this test program, a test point consisted of a series of data
     points taken in succession and averaged. The data was gathered in  1-minute averages over
     a 33-minute test period. Using a data set consisting of thirty-three,  one-minute data points
     would highlight any large fluctuations in load and other parameters that would have  a
     significant effect on emissions data.  No fluctuations in data occurred during any  test
     points.  This demonstrated that the engine was operating at a steady condition and the data
     recorded in the individual  data points was repeatable.

     Table 9 provides information on the nominal number of samples collected under each data
     point / test run scenario  for the LBET.
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Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
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By the U.S. EPA.

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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                         TABLE 9
                              SAMPLING SPECIFICATIONS
Measured
Parameters
Engine
Operation
Emissions
CEMS
Emissions
FTIR
WGC
Cylinder
Combustion
DSP
Cylinder
Combustion
Number of Samples Collected
1 Minute
Data Point
30-60
30-60
45-50
200-266
432 K
30 Minute
Test Run
900-1800
900-1800
1350-1500
6000-7980
1296K
4.3    TEST SPECIFICS - ENGINE STABILITY

For data taken during testing to be reliable, the engine was operated in a state of equilibrium at
each test point.  The engine control system allowed for engine operation data to be monitored so
that engine stability could be easily recognized. The stability of each specific engine's operation
was  not only determined on a test point  by test point basis, but also on a daily basis.  Since
combustion parameters for each engine type will vary, engine-operating parameters were used to
determine engine stability.  Procedures used for determining acceptable engine stability are as
follows:

      Engine Stability: Engine Start Up  Procedures
      Prior to the beginning of data collection each day, the engine was "warmed up" and  a
      thermal equilibrium state established.  This was nominally determined when the engine
      coolant water systems and lubricating oil reached a steady state temperature. Once steady
      state operation was achieved,  a daily "baseline" data point was gathered.  The length of
      time required to obtain  steady state operation  was highly dependent upon the ambient
      temperature and the temperature of the engine when started.  Due to the dependence on
      these factors, there was no pre-determined warm-up time.
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Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.
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                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
     Engine Stability: Daily Baseline Data Point

     The  Scope of Work for the project required that  a  specified number of test  points be
     collected on the engine. The data collection process encompassed multiple days of testing.
     To ensure that the  engine was operating in a similar manner on each test day, a set of
     engine "baseline" data was  collected.  An initial set of engine "baseline" data (one five-
     minute data point) was collected prior to the first data point.  On the ensuing test days, a
     "baseline" data point was collected to verify the data collection for that day.  The primary
     engine operating parameters of  the  data point must  compare to within  a  specified
     acceptable range of the values of the primary engine operating parameters on the original
     "baseline" data set for engine stability and to the baseline operating conditions specified in
     Table  3.   If primary engine  operating parameters  did  not compare  to within the
     predetermined range, corrective measures were taken to isolate and correct the cause of the
     unacceptable values for the primary  engine  operating parameters.  Both  CSU and  PES
     representatives initialized the daily  "baseline"  data  set.  All baseline data  points were
     acceptable during the test program.  The primary/secondary engine operating parameters,
     acceptable ranges, and their nominal values for a "baseline" data set are presented below in
     Table 10:
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Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
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By the U.S. EPA.

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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                      TABLE 10
             COOPER BESSEMER GMV- 4-TF BASELINE CONDITIONS
Engine Operating Parameters
Engine Torque
Engine Speed
Jacket Water Temperature Outlet
Engine Oil Temperature Outlet
Air Manifold Temperature
Air Manifold Pressure
Exhaust Manifold Pressure
Ignition Timing
Overall Air/Fuel Ratio
Inlet Air Humidity-Absolute
Engine Fuel Flow SCFH
Engine Oil Pressure Inlet
Inlet Air Flow
Average Engine Exhaust
Temperature
Nominal Value
7720 ft-lb.
300 RPM
165°F
155°F
110°F
7.5"Hg above
Atm.
2.5"Hg below
AMP
0.4°BTDC
42/1
.015 lbH2O/lbAir
3650 SCFH
28 Ib.
1600-1 700 SCFM
700°F
Acceptable Range
±2% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
± 10% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
Designation
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
     •   Note: Based on Actual Engine Test Data
     Engine Stability: Pre-Data Point Test Procedures

     As with the daily engine "baseline" data point, the engine must maintain a stable mode of
     operation prior to and during a test run. Changing various operating parameters to achieve
     the desired test condition will  cause the engine to operate in an unstable mode during the
     transition period from one condition to the  next.  The engine parameter, which has the
     most effect on engine equilibrium, is engine load. Fluctuations in load will result in erratic
     and inaccurate emissions data and for this reason load was  closely  monitored during
     testing. Changes in load will also affect the engine's thermal equilibrium and will require
     the longest time for the engine  to return to a thermal equilibrium state.
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Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
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By the U.S. EPA.
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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
     Although the effects are not as significant as those of changing engine load, any changes in
     air manifold pressure, temperature, exhaust back-pressure, or ignition timing also affected
     the engine's equilibrium.  As with load changes, the engine must be closely monitored for
     return to an equilibrium state after any changes are made. Typically, the engine will return
     to equilibrium, steady-state condition within 30-45 minutes.  Prior to initiating a test run, a
     pre-test run data point was gathered.  The data point was five-minutes in length. For each
     pre-test run data point, an average value, minimum value, maximum  value, and standard
     deviation  were obtained for all  engine operation  and emissions  parameters  collected.
     Primary engine operating parameters specified at  a test condition must agree with the test
     condition value within +/- 2% to +/-10% of the requested value dependent upon the engine
     parameter. The relative standard deviations of the primary operating variables were below
     1.0% for  engine operating parameters  and  below  3.0% for  the engine  emissions
     parameters. The primary engine operating parameters and their nominal values for a "pre-
     test run" data point are presented below in Table 11.

     If primary engine operating parameters  did not  agree  with the requested test condition
     values within the predetermined range, corrective  measures was taken to isolate  and
     correct  the cause of the unacceptable values for the primary engine operating parameters.
     All pre-test run data points were acceptable for the test program.  Both CSU and PES
     representatives initialized each "pre-test run" data point.
     Engine Stability: Test Run Stability

     A test run consisted of a set of one-minute averaged data points taken consecutively over a
     33-minute  time period.  For each data point, the average value for each primary engine
     operating parameter must compare to within the acceptable range of the specified target
     value at the test condition for engine stability and the data collection process to be valid for
     the specific test condition.  If primary engine operating parameters did not compare to
     within the  predetermined range, the data point was invalid,  and corrective measures were
     taken to isolate and correct the cause of the unacceptable values for the primary engine
     operating parameters.

     Engine stability was maintained throughout the data collection process for each test run.
     The relative standard  deviation of the primary operating variables was  below 1.0% for
     engine  operating parameters and below 3.0% for the engine emissions parameters at each
     data point.
Emissions Testing                                4-6                  Pacific Environmental Services
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By the U.S. EPA.

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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
Both CSU and PES representatives initialized each data point of a test run.  The tabular format of
the primary engine operating parameters, designation, and the acceptance criteria is presented in
Table 11:
                                      TABLE 11

                         TEST POINT - ENGINE STABILITY
Engine Operating Parameters
Engine Torque
Engine Speed
Jacket Water Temperature Outlet
Engine Oil Temperature Outlet
Air Manifold Temperature
Air Manifold Pressure
Exhaust Manifold Pressure
Ignition Timing
Overall Air/Fuel Ratio
Inlet Air Humidity-Absolute
Engine Fuel Flow SCFH / Gal./Hr.
Engine Oil Pressure Inlet
Inlet Air Flow
Average Engine Exhaust
Temperature
NOX Emissions (PPM)
CO Emissions (PPM)
THC Emissions (PPM)
CO2 (%)
O2 (%)
Exhaust Air Flow
Acceptable Range
±2% of value
± 5% of value
± 5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
± 5% of value
±5% of value
± 10% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
± 5% of value
±5% of value
±5% of value
Standard Deviation
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.Q
< 1.0
<1.0
<1.0
< 1.0
< 1.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
Designation
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
         Note:  Based on Actual Engine Test Data
4.4    TEST SPECIFICS - DATA COLLECTION HARDWARE

The design of the test facility provides a platform for accurate and versatile performance and
emission research on industrial engines. Control and measurement systems installed on the
Industrial Engine Test-Beds are as follows:

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                                                                 Pacific Environmental Services

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                                                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
   Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF: Two-Stroke Lean Burn
Engine Control and Monitoring:

Combustion Analysis System:

Emission Analysis Systems:
Pre Catalyst Emissions

Emission Analysis System:
Pre Catalyst Emissions

Emission Analysis Systems:
Post Catalyst Emissions

Emission Analysis System:
Post Catalyst Emissions

Ignition Analysis System:
Woodward "Smart 3000" and "Optrend"
Monitor system

DSP Redline combustion analysis system
Woodward Governor CAS system.

Rosemount NGA-2000 Five Gas
Analyzer Rack for NOX, CO, CO2, O2,
&THC

Nicolet Rega 7000
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
Exhaust Gas Analyzer

Five Gas Analyzer Rack
TECO NOX, CO, & THC
Servomex CO2 & O2

Nicolet Magna 560
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
Exhaust Gas Analyzer

Altronic Diagnostic Module
Hickok "Watchdog 2000"
Ignition Analysis System
4.5    TEST SPECIFICS - DATA COLLECTION PROCESS

The data collection process consisted  of acquiring information from the various control and
monitoring systems.  The engine control and monitoring system (ECMS) collected all engine
operating and emissions parameters (criteria pollutants only).  All engine operating parameters
were direct measurements of the ECMS, while emissions parameters (criteria pollutants) were
passed by communication  link from a computer dedicated to emissions hardware control and
monitoring. All emissions  parameters measured with an FTIR were collected and stored on a
computer dedicated to individual FTIR operation.
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Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
After engine stability had been confirmed, the data collection process for a test run condition
commenced. The data collection process was performed as follows:

       Data Collection Process:
               1.) Verification of engine stability confirmed, accepted, and initialized by PES
                  and CSU representatives.
               2.) Proper file names are assigned to all data acquisition hardware.
               3.) Commence acquisition of data point for specified test condition
               4.) At completion of data point, electronic files are saved and hard copies are
                  printed out.
               5.) PES and CSU representatives initialize hard copies verifying acceptable data
                  point.
               6.) Move engine operation to next test condition.

4.6      TEST SPECIFICS - EMISSION ANALYZER GENERAL TEST PROCEDURES

Introduction

The  following general  test  procedures and calibration checks guaranteed the integrity of our
sampling system and the accuracy of our data.  The testing was conducted in basic accordance
with approved Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) test methods as described in the Code of
Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 60, Appendix A.

General Procedure

Exhaust oxygen and oxides of nitrogen concentrations from the engine were determined in basic
compliance with EPA  Method 20,  "Determination of Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Dioxide,  and
Diluent Emissions From Stationary Gas Turbines"and EPA Method 7E,  "Determination of
Nitrogen Oxides Emissions  From Stationary Sources (Instrumental  Analyzer Procedure)".  The
sampling procedure for CO concentrations was based  on EPA  Method  10, "Determination of
Carbon Monoxide Emissions from Stationary Sources." EPA Method 25A, "Determination of
Total Gaseous  Organic Concentration Using  a  Flame lonization  Analyzer"  was the sample
procedure used to determine THC emission concentrations.  A modified EPA Method 18A was
used for  the  sampling  procedures for  Methane/Non-Methane  Analysis.  The  method  for
calculating mass emissions levels was based upon an EPA Method 19 "Determination of Sulfur
Dioxide Removal  Efficiency and Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide,  and nitrogen Oxides
Emission  Rates"  calculation.  Mass  emissions  were also  calculated using carbon balance
calculations  developed by  Southwest  Research Institute specifically for the American Gas
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
Association.  Calibration and test procedures are detailed under their respective sections of the
TEST SPECIFICS portion of this report.

     Sampling System
     Dedicated analyzers were used to determine the NOX, CO, THC, CC>2, and C>2 emissions
     level on a dry basis for both pre and post catalyst emissions.  Dedicated analyzers were
     used to determine the Methane/Non-Methane emissions on a wet basis for both pre  and
     post catalyst emissions.  FTIR analyzers were used to determine aldehyde emissions on a
     wet basis for both pre and post catalyst emissions.  Refer to Table 12 for the analyzers and
     the methods of analysis.

     Exhaust gas entered the system through a 3/8" stainless steel multi-point probe.  Sample
     points were located in accordance with procedures described in Method 1.   Exhaust gas
     then passed through a heated 3-way sample valve and glass wool filter assembly.   The
     sample  was transported via a  heat-traced  Teflon  sample lines  and  heated sample
     distribution manifold.  Sample for the "dry"  gas  analyzers then  passed through a 4-pass
     minimum contact condenser specifically designed to dry the sample.  The  "dry" sample
     then entered a stainless  steel sample pump.  The discharge of the pump passed through
     3/8" Teflon tubing to a Balston Microfibre coalescing filter, moisture sensor, and then to
     the  sample  manifold.    The sample manifold was maintained at a  constant pressure by
      means of a pressure bypass  regulator.  A flowmeter, placed in line at the exhaust of each
      analyzer, monitored exact sample flows. Heated  sample flow for all "wet" measurement
      analyzers will  be provided  by means of a heated sample  distribution manifold prior to
      sample gas entering the "dry" gas analyzer platform. Each heated analyzer had a dedicated
      sample pump, and heat traced line from the main sample train to the analyzer.
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                                                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                     TABLE 12
                          CURRENT INSTRUMENTATION
Post Catalyst Emissions
Manufacturer and Model
Rosemount NGA-2000
CLD Analyzer
Rosemount NGA-2000
NDIR Analyzer
Rosemount NGA-2000
NDIR Analyzer
Rosemount NGA-2000
FID Analyzer
Rosemount NGA-2000
PMD Analyzer
Questar Baseline 103 OH
HeatedGC / FID
Nicolet Magna 560
Parameters
NOorNOx
CO
CO2
THC
02
CH4
Non-CH4
Multiple
See Attached
Detection Principle
Thermal reduction of NO2 to
NO. Chemiluminescent
reaction NO with 03.
NDIR with Gas Filter
Correlation
NDIR
Flame lonization
Paramagnetic
Gas Chromatograph
Flame lonization
FTIR analysis utilizing a
medium range IR source.
Range
Variable to
10000 PPM
Variable to 2000
PPM
Variable to 20%
Variable to
10000 PPM
Variable to
100%
Variable to
5000 PPM
Variable
Pre Catalyst Emissions
Manufacturer and Model
TECO Model 42H
CLD Analyzer
TECO Model 48H
NDIR Analyzer
Servomex NDIR Analyzer
TECO Model 51
FID Analyzer
Servomex
PMD Analyzer
Questar Baseline 1030H
HeatedGC / FID
Nicolet Rega-7000
Parameters
NO or NOX
CO
CO2
THC
02
CH4
Non-CH4
Multiple
See Attached
Detection Principle
Thermal reduction of NO2 to
NO. Chemiluminescent
reaction NO with 03 .
NDIR with Gas Filter
Correlation
NDIR
Flame lonization
Paramagnetic
Gas Chromatograph
Flame lonization
FTIR analysis utilizing a
medium range IR source.
Range
Variable to
5000 PPM
Variable to
20000 PPM
0-25%
Variable to
10000 PPM
0-5%
0-25%
Variable to
50000 PPM
Variable
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                                                        COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                    TABLE 13
                  COMPONENTS MEASURED BY NICOLET FTIR
Component Formula
Component Name
H20
CO
CC-2
NO
NO2
N2O
NHs
NOX
CH4
C2H2
C2H4
C2H6
C3H6
H2CO
CHsOH
C3H8
I-C4Hio
N-C4Hi0
CHsCHO
S02
THC
Water
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Dioxide
Nitric Oxide
Nitrogen Dioxide
Nitrous Oxide
Ammonia
Oxides of Nitrogen
Methane
Acetylene
Ethylene
Ethane
Propene
Formaldehyde
Methanol
Propane
Iso-Butylene
Normal-Butane
Acetaldehyde
Sulfur Dioxide
Total Hydrocarbons
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                                                               COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
FIGURE II:  Typical Flow Schematic for "Dry" Exhaust Sampling System
                                                                                 V.ntOutild.
                                                    2«roGnj Spin Ga>  ,	fa—
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
4.7      TEST SPECIFICS - EMISSION ANALYZERS CHECKS AND CALIBRATIONS

The  following instrument checks and calibrations  guaranteed the  integrity of our sampling
system and the accuracy of our data.

Analyzer Calibration Gases

Standard calibration  gases used at the facility are  Scott  Specialty Gases EPA Protocol Gas
Standard calibration gases with a ±1.0% or ±2.0% accuracy.  For this program, EPA Protocol 1
calibration gases (RATA Class) were used.  Manufacturer supplied certification  sheets were
available during the testing procedure and copies of the current inventory of gases, which were
used for calibration  and integrity checks  on the reference  method and FTIR  analyzers,  are
provided within this document.

EPA Protocol  1 gases (Rata Class) were used to calibrate the reference method analyzers and
FTIR analyzers.  Formaldehyde standards with a concentration range between 5-20 PPM were
obtained. Acetylaldehyde/acrolein standards  were also acquired.   Any calibration standards
which were not EPA Protocol 1 gases, were the highest quality standard available.

Analyzer Specifications

Vendor instrument data concerning interference response and analyzer specifications will  be
available during the test program. Information supplied  by the manufacturer  on the factory
specification sheets will be furnished if requested.

Response Time Tests (Prior to initiation of engine test program)

Response time tests were performed on each  sample system. The response time tests were
performed prior to the FTIR validation process for each sampling system.  The response time of
the  slowest responding  analyzer (Questar Baseline) was determined.   Response time  tests
conducted at the EECL indicated sampling system response times of 1:10 minutes.  This is  the
time for the Rosemount Oxygen Analyzer (slowest  responding analyzer which  continuously
monitors) to stabilize to response output of the analyzer.  The Questar Baseline Industries
CH4/Non-CH4 analyzers have a minimum cycle time of 4:50 minutes. The overall response
time for these analyzers when their cycle is started 1:10 minutes after a sample source change is
5:50 minutes. When the CH4/Non-CH4  analyzer cycle time was  initiated at a sample source
change, the  overall response time is 9:00  minutes.  The response time was tested to assure that
the analyzers' response was for exhaust gas entering the  sample system from each of the test
point conditions.

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                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
Calibration (Daily)

   Zero and mid-level span calibration  procedures were performed on the reference method
   analyzer prior to each test day. Zero and span drift checks were performed upon completion
   of each data point  and  upon completion of each test day.  This procedure is referenced as
   ZSD (zero and span drift check) in the CSU "Scope of Work". A zero and a mid-level gas
   was introduced  individually directly to the  back of the analyzers before testing for carbon
   monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, total hydrocarbons, Methane/Non-Methane, and oxides
   of nitrogen.  The  analyzers' output response was set to the appropriate  levels.  Each
   analyzer's stable response was recorded. From this  data a linear fit was developed for each
   analyzer. The voltage for each analyzer were recorded and used in the following formula:

                                         Y = MX+B
                                             Where:  B = Intercept
                                                    M= Slope
                                                    X= Analyzer or transducer voltage
                                                    Y= Engineering Units

After each test point and upon completion of a test day, calibration checks were conducted by re-
introducing the  zero and span gases directly to  the back of the analyzers.   The  analyzers'
stabilized responses were recorded. No adjustments were made during testing or during the final
calibration check.  Initial calibration values and all calibration checks were recorded for each
analyzer during the daily test program.

The before and after calibrations checks will be  used to determine a zero and span drift for each
test point for the CO, CC>2, C>2, THC, CH4/Non-CH4,  and NOX analyzers. The zero and span
drift checks for each test point and each test day were less than ±2.0% of the span value (specific
range setting) of each analyzer used during the  daily test program.  The calibration data sheets
are presented in Appendix E of this document.

Linearity Check (Prior to  initiation of engine test program)

   Prior to initiation  of the test program, analyzer linearity checks  were performed.   This
   procedure  is referenced as ACE  (analyzer calibration error check)  in the  CSU "Scope of
   Work". The oxygen, carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbon, methane/non-methane and oxides
   of nitrogen analyzers were "zeroed" using either zero grade nitrogen, or hydrocarbon free air.
   The analyzers were allowed stabilize and their output recorded.  The analyzers were then
   "spanned" using the mid-level calibration gases. The analyzers were allowed to stabilize, and
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
   their output recorded.  From this data a linear fit was developed for each analyzer. The
   voltage for each analyzer were recorded and used in the following formula:
                                            Where: B = Intercept
                                                   M= Slope
                                                   X= Analyzer or transducer voltage
                                                   Y= Engineering Units

Using the linear fit, the linear response of the analyzer was calculated. Low level and high level
calibration  gases were individually introduced to the analyzers.  For each calibration gas, the
analyzers were allowed to stabilize and their outputs were recorded.  Each analyzers'  linearity
was acceptable as the predicted values of a linear curve determined from the zero and mid-level
calibration  gas responses  agreed  with the  actual responses of the low  level and  high level
calibration  gases within ±2.0% of the analyzer span value^The methane/non-methane analyzers'
linearity was acceptable as the predicted values agreed with the actual response of the low level
and high level calibration gases within ±5.0% of the actual calibration gas value. This procedure
was performed for one range setting for each analyzer.  The Linearity Check data sheets are
presented in Appendix E of this document.

NO2 Converter Check (Prior to initiation of engine test program)

Prior to initiation of the test  program, NC>2 converter checks were performed.  A calibration gas
mixture of known concentrations between 240 and 270 PPM nitrogen dioxide (NC>2) and 160 to
190 PPM nitric oxide (NO)  with  a balance of nitrogen was used.  The calibration  gas mixture
was be introduced to the oxides of nitrogen (NOX) analyzer until a stable response was recorded.
The converter will be  considered acceptable if the instrument response indicated a 90 percent or
greater  NC>2  to NO  conversion.  The NO2 Converter Check data sheets  are presented in
Appendix E of this document.

Sample Line  Leak Check (Prior to initiation of engine test program)

The sample lines were leak  checked before the engine test program.  The leak check procedure
was performed for both pre-catalyst and post-catalyst sample trains.  The procedure involved
closing the valve on the inlet to the sample filter located just downstream of the exhaust stack
probe.   With  the sample  pump operating,  a vacuum  was pulled on the  exhaust sample train.
Once the maximum vacuum was reached, the valve on the pressure side of the pump was closed
thus sealing off the vacuum section of the sampling system.   The pump was turned off and the
pressure in the sample system was monitored. The leak test was acceptable as the vacuum gauge
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
reading dropped by an amount less than  1  inch of mercury over a period of 1 minute.   The
Sample Line Leak Check data sheets are presented in Appendix E of this document.

Sample Line Integrity Check (Daily)

A sample line integrity check was performed prior to and upon completion of each test day. This
procedure is referenced as SSB (Sampling System Bias Check) in the  CSU "Scope of Work".
The analyzer's response was tested by first introducing the mid level calibration gas directly to
the NOX analyzer.  The analyzer was allowed to stabilize and the response recorded. The same
mid level calibration gas was then introduced to the analyzer through the sampling system.  The
calibration gas was introduced into the sample line at the stack, upstream of the inlet sample
filter.  The analyzer was allowed to stabilize and the response recorded. The analyzer response
values were compared and the percent difference did  not to exceed ±5 % of the analyzer span
value (range setting).

The SSB procedure was to be performed for both the NOX and methane/non-methane analyzers.
It was  determined  to perform the integrity check  for the  NOX analyzers  only.   The  SSB
procedure was performed for the methane/non-methane  analyzers prior to and upon completion
of the test program.  The Sample Line Integrity Check data sheets are presented in Appendix E
of this document.

Carbon Balance Check (Continuous)

One  of the  methods  used to  calculate  mass emissions  was a carbon  balance  calculations
developed by Southwest Research  Institute specifically  for the American Gas Association.  As
part of a QC check, the calculations involve performing a theoretical C>2 calculation based upon
measured exhaust stack constituents and  fuel  gas  composition.  The theoretical exhaust C<2 is
then  compared to the measured exhaust  (>?.   The percent difference between the actual and
theoretical C>2 measurements was within ±5 % of the measured C>2 reading. The C>2 balance was
performed for every one-minute average and the thirty-three minute averaged value for each test
point. The averaged value for each test point is included in the test point data in Appendix A.

Fuel  Gas Analysis & Fuel Flow Measurements

        Natural Gas Fuel Gas:
        Engine fuel gas was analyzed on a real time  basis with a dedicated Daniels Industries
        GC.  The GC was calibrated on a daily basis against a known standard.  A daily gas
        analysis was acquired for each test day. This analysis gave the actual specific gravity,
        mole fractions of specific  hydrocarbons and  BTU content so  that fuel flow and mass

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                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
       emissions could be accurately calculated. Fuel flow measurements were made using an
       AGA specified orifice meter run equipped with dedicated high  accuracy pressure  and
       temperature transmitters.  All fuel flow calculations were in accordance  with AGA
       Report #3.  Additionally, stoichiometric air to fuel ratio calculations were made using
       the fuel gas analysis.  From this information,  the  equivalence  ratios for each  day of
       testing were  determined.   All fuel gas  calibrations  and  analysis are  presented in
       Appendix O and Appendix N, respectively. Stoichiometric air to fuel ratio calculations
       are presented  in Appendix Q.  Calculations for fuel flow, stoichiometric air-to-fuel ratio
       calculations,  and fuel specific F Factor are presented in Appendix V, Appendix  Q,  and
       Appendix P, respectively.

       A blind sample provided by PES was analyzed.  The results are included in Appendix N
       of this report.
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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
 4.8     TEST SPECIFICS:  FTIR CALIBRATION PROCEDURES

 Calibration was performed on the FTIR instrument prior to each phase of the test program and at
 the beginning  and end of each test  day.   The calibration procedures described  within  this
 document are consistent with procedures found in the following documents:

        "Measurement of Select Hazardous Air Pollutants, Criteria Pollutants, and  Moisture
        Using  Fourier  Transform  Infrared  (FTIR)  Spectroscopy" - Prepared  by  Radian
        International for the Gas Research Institute.

        "Protocol for Performing Extractive FTIR Measurements to Characterize Various  Gas
        Industry Sources  for Air  Toxics" -  Prepared  by Radian  International for the  Gas
        Research Institute.

        Both documents are  contained with the Gas Research Institute Report Number GRI-
        95/0271 entitled, "Fourier  Transform Infrared (FTIR) Method Validation at a Natural
        Gas-Fired Internal Combustion Engine" - Prepared by Radian International  for the  Gas
        Research Institute.

 Instrument Description

 Dedicated FTIR analyzers and sampling conditioning systems were used to measure pre-catalyst
 and post-catalyst exhaust emissions. A description of each unit is presented in Table 14:
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                      TABLE 14
                         FTIR EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
Pre Catalyst Analyzer
Manufacturer and Type
Spectral Resolution
Detector Type
Cell Type
Cell Temperature
Cell Pressure
Cell Window Material
Post Catalyst Analyzer
Manufacturer and Type
Spectral Resolution
Detector Type
Cell Type
Cell Temperature
Cell Pressure
Cell Window Material

Nicolet Rega 7000
O.Scnr1
MCT-A
4.2 Meter - Fixed Path Length
185°C
600 Ton-
Zinc Cellinide

Nicolet Magna 560
0.5cm-1
MCT-A
2.0 Meter - Fixed Path Length
165°C
600 Torr
KBr
Each unit and the associated test method have been designed for measurement of raw exhaust
gases from internal combustion  engines.  Dedicated temperature controllers maintained cell
temperature and associated sample lines at the appropriate the design temperature.  Pressure was
controlled by means of an MKS pressure controller for  each  system.   Sample  flow to each
analyzer was between 8-15 liters/minute. The units utilized a high-energy mid-range IR source
and are equipped with modulating, potassium bromide beamsplitter with MCT-A liquid nitrogen
cooled detectors.  The cells have  been equipped with specific optical windows to prevent signal
degradation from damaged optics due to moisture and  corrosive gases present in the exhaust
stream.

Pre Engine Test Calibration
Prior to initiation of an engine specific test program, the FTIR sampling systems, both pre and
post catalyst sample trains underwent an EPA Method 301 validation process. The validation
process was to  verify the sample and analytical system performance in relation to precision and
accuracy of data collected. Additional calibration procedures prior to testing of the engine were
as follows:
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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
    1.)  Source Evaluation - Acquired initial source data to verify concentration ranges of target
        compounds and possible interferants.  This was accomplished prior to and during the
        Method 301 validation process
    2.)  Sample System Leak Check -Sample system  leak checks were  performed.  The leak
        check procedure encompassed the sample train from the sample filter to the pump outlet.
        A dedicated rotameter has been installed on the discharge side of the sample pump. With
        the sample system operating at typical temperatures and pressures (sample pump will
        pull a slight vacuum on the suction side), the  sample flow rate from the rotameter was
        recorded. The inlet to the sample filter located just downstream of the sample probe was
        closed and the flow rate through the rotameter was monitored. The flow rate through the
        rotameter went to zero. The leak checks were determined to be acceptable, as the leak
        rate was less  than 4% of the standard sampling rate or 500ml/min,  whichever is less.
        Sample system leak check data sheets are provided in Appendix F of this document.
    3.)  Analyzer  Leak  Check  - With the FTIR  analyzers  operating at  normal  operating
        temperatures  and pressures, the operating  pressures  were  recorded.  The automatic
        pressure controllers were then disabled, and the inlet valves to the FTIR analyzers were
        then closed.  The measurement cells were then evacuated to 20% or less of their normal
        operating pressure. After the measurement cells were evacuated, each measurement cell
        was then isolated and the cell pressure monitored with a dedicated pressure sensor. The
        leak rate of each measurement cell was less than 10 Torr per minute for a one-minute
        period. The analyzer  leak rate was determined to be acceptable.  Analyzer leak check
        data sheets are provided in Appendix F of this document.
    4.)  Cell Pathlength Determination - The cell pathlength was to be determined  using the
        measurement  procedures as  outlined in the Field  Procedure Section of the document
        entitled "Protocol  For Performing Extractive FTIR Measurements To  Characterize
        Various Gas Industry Sources For Air Toxics", prepared by Radian International for the
        Gas Research Institute.   Because  the  units are fixed  pathlength (non-adjustable)
        measurement  cells which are stationary units dedicated to a specific task, the pathlength
        determination process was determined not to be necessary. The units are "as specified"
        from the manufacturer, and have passed all validation and calibration procedures at this
        fixed pathlength.
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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
Daily Calibration Procedures - Pre Test

The following daily calibration procedures were performed prior to the initiation of each day's
testing.

        1.) Instrument Stabilization - To ensure the FTIR instruments were operating in a stable
           manner, verification of the operation of the following components at the beginning
           of each day was performed:
           a.)  All  instrument heated devices and temperature controller were  at operating
               temperature and performing properly.
           b.) Pressure  sensor  and pressure controllers were at operating  conditions  and
               performing properly.
           c.) Sample  systems  (pumps, filters,  flow meters, and  water knockouts) were
               functioning properly.
        2.) Instruments were operated on a conditioned air source for a minimum of 30 minutes
           prior to conducting background spectrum procedures. When the  instruments were in
           stand by mode,  between test days, the analyzers and all components  were kept at
           normal  operating temperatures. The analyzers operated on a conditioned air at all
           times when not involved with data acquisition.
        3.) Background spectrum procedures - After purging with a conditioned air source for a
           minimum of 30 minutes, the instruments  were allowed to stabilize by flowing an
           ultra high purity  N2  gas through the measurement  cell for  a minimum  of ten
           minutes. During the stabilization process, the FTIR spectra were monitored until the
           concentrations of CO and H2O were  reduced and normal steady state background
           levels had been achieved. The following procedures were then performed:
           a.)  Check for proper interferogram signal using alignment software
           b.)  Collect a single beam spectrum and inspect for irregularities
           c.)  Check the  single beam  spectrum for detector non-linearity  and correct if
                necessary
           d.)  Perform an instrument alignment procedure
           e.)  Collect a background spectrum - The  background spectrum was comprised 256
                scans, which was equal  to or greater than the number of scans used for sample
                analysis.
        4.) Analyzer Diagnostics - Perform  an analyzer diagnostic procedure by analyzing a
           diagnostic standard.  The standard was a  EPA  Protocol 1 CO  gas standard at
            concentration levels indicative of the emissions source, 109 ppm.  A CO standard
           was recommended  due to  the distinct spectral  features, which  are sensitive to
           variations in system operation and  performance.   The  standard  was introduced

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                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
            directly into the instrument. The instrument readings were allowed to stabilize and a
            five-minute  set of data was acquired.  The calculated accuracy and precision based
            on equations from the document entitled "Protocol for Performing Extractive FTIR
            Measurements To Characterize Various Gas Industry  Sources for Air Toxics",
            prepared  by Radian International for the Gas Research Institute, was acceptable.
            The pass/fail criteria for accuracy and precision was ± 10% of the known standard
            for the instrument to be acceptable.  Each instrument meets this criteria for all daily
            calibrations.   Analyzer diagnostic data sheets are provided in Appendix F of this
            document.
        5.)  Additional Analyzer Diagnostic - An additional diagnostic check was performed to
            ensure system  operation and performance.  A second diagnostic standard comprised
            of a multi-gas  composition was analyzed by the same procedure. The gas consisted
            of CC>2, CO, CH4, and NOX in concentrations similar to exhaust gas composition.
            The same pass/fail criteria was used to evaluate each analyzer's performance when
            analyzing the multi-gas standard. Each instrument meets this criteria for all daily
            calibrations. Analyzer diagnostic data sheets  are provided in Appendix F  of this
            document.
        6.)  Indicator Check &  Sample Integrity  Check - An indicator check procedure  was
            performed on each analyzer by analyzing a certified indicator standard. The standard
            was either a NIST traceable, EPA Protocol 1 gas standard, or highest grade standard
            available  of a surrogate/analyte gas  concentration at  levels  indicative  of the
            emissions source.  A formaldehyde standard (concentration of 10.66 ppm) was used
            due to the fact that formaldehyde  represents  a sampling challenge because of its
            solubility in water.  The standard was introduced directly into the instrument.  The
            instrument readings were allowed  to  stabilize and a five-minute set of data  was
            acquired.  Next, the indicator standard was introduced into the sample system at the
            sample filter located just downstream of the sample probe. The instrument readings
            were allowed to stabilize and a five-minute set of data was acquired. The calculated
            accuracy and precision based on equations from the document entitled "Protocol For
            Performing Extractive FTIR Measurements  To Characterize Various  Gas Industry
            Sources For Air Toxics", prepared by Radian International for the Gas Research
            Institute.  The pass/fail criteria for accuracy, precision, and recovery was ± 10% of
            the known  standard (  recovery  was ±  10%  of the  instrument reading with  the
            indicator  gas introduced  directly into the  instrument.)  for the  instrument  to be
            acceptable.  Each instrument meets this criteria for all daily calibrations. Indicator
            check and sample integrity check data sheets are provided in Appendix F of  this
            document.
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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
Daily Calibration Procedures - Background assessment

The baseline absorbance was continually monitored during data acquisition procedures. If it was
determined by PES, ERG, and CSU personnel that the baseline had changed by more than 0.1
absorbance units, the  instrument  interferometer  was realigned and  a  background  spectrum
collected.

Daily Calibration Procedures - Post Test

Upon completion of the daily test program steps 4-6 of the pre test calibration procedures were
repeated.  Both analyzers meet all acceptance criteria for calibration procedures.  All post test
calibration data sheets are presented in Appendix F of this document.

4.9     TEST SPECIFIC - FTIR VALIDATION PROCEDURES

To ensure the accuracy of data collected during testing , the test program required procedures to
evaluate instrument  performance.   Prior to  collecting test data, a validation  procedure was
performed on each  FTIR sample  train,  both  pre-catalyst and post-catalyst, for the natural gas
fueled engine classification.  The specific sample trains are as follows:

        1.) Pre-catalyst emissions sample trains from the exhaust of natural gas fueled engines.
           This will encompass two-stroke lean burn engine class, four-stroke lean burn engine
           class, and four-stroke rich burn engine class.
        2.)  Post-catalyst emissions sample trains from the exhaust of natural gas fueled engines.
           This will encompass two-stroke lean burn engine class, four-stroke lean burn engine
           class, and four-stroke rich burn engine class.

Each sample train will be validated for the following target compounds:

        1.) Formaldehyde
        2.) Acetaldehyde
        3.) Acrolein

Other compounds, which may be validated based on comparing FTTR analyzer data to reference
methods data generated during the test program, are as follows:

 1.) Carbon Dioxide
2.) Total Hydrocarbons
3.) Carbon Monoxide

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                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
4.)  Oxides of Nitrogen
5.)  Moisture Content

Instrument Description

Refer to FTIR calibration procedures for FTIR instrument description.

Procedures

Eastern Research Group, ERG, performed the validation for the target aldehyde compounds.
The validation procedure was conducted in basic accordance with procedures outlined in Method
301-"Field  Validation of  Pollutant  Measurement Methods  from  Various Waste  Media".
Validation procedures for aldehydes utilized an analyte spiking technique as specified in Method
301. Validation procedures for criteria pollutants and moisture will use comparative sampling to
the appropriate EPA reference methods. Paired sampling was not performed under the validation
procedure. The paired samples will be generated from FTIR analyzer data and reference method
analyzer data collected during the test program. The procedures for the validation process are as
follows:

    Analyte Spiking:
       The process was carried out by means of dynamic analyte spiking of the sample gas.
       The sample stream of the  exhaust gas was spiked with the  specific analyte after the
       sample probe, and before the sample filter.  Spike levels for the specific aldehydes were
       determined and the spike gas concentrations were generated for the specific aldehydes
       using the following  methods:

           Formaldehyde:
           Formaldehyde  spike gas  was generated by volatilization  of  a formalin  solution
           prepared from  a stock formalin solution  of  37% formaldehyde by weight.   The
           solution was injected into a heated vaporization block.   The vaporized formalin
           solution was  mixed with a acetylaldehyde/acrolein carrier gas  and carried into the
           sample exhaust stream.  Carrier gas flow rate was measured by a mass flow meter
           equipped with readout

           Acetlyaldehyde/Acrolein:
           Acetlyaldehyde and  acrolein spike  samples were generated from a certified gas
           standard  (Scott Specialty Gases,  ±2%  analytical accuracy) which contained both
           analyte species  and a sulfur hexaflouride (SF6) tracer gas. Carrier gas flow rate was
           measured by a mass flow meter equipped with readout.

Emissions Testing                                4 - 25                 Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
      Analyte  specific spike gas was  introduced to the FUR sample train upstream of the
      sample system filter. The spike gas was introduced at a known flow rate.  The spike gas
      flow was controlled by a three-way  solenoid valve,  which directed gas either  into the
      sample  stream  or diverted  the spike gas  to the atmosphere.   This allowed  for
      uninterrupted flow of the analyte spike gas source during the validation procedures.

      The  formaldehyde  and acetylaldehyde/acrolein  validation  runs  were  conducted
      simultaneously.  The validation test runs consisted  of 24 test runs, 12 spiked and 12
      unspiked runs,  which  were  paired  and  grouped further  into six  groups  of  2
      spiked/unspiked pairs to simulate the "quad  train" approach used  for Method  301
      statistical calculations. Samples were one minute in duration.  Measurement procedures
      for acquiring the spiked/unspiked pairs are as follows:

           1.) Verify stable engine operation
           2.) Begin measurement of the unspiked native exhaust stack gas.
           3.) Upon completion of acquiring the unspiked sample, initiate spike gas flow  into
              sample stream.
           4.) Let system equilibrate.
           5.) Begin measurement of the  spiked exhaust gas sample.
           6.) Upon completion of acquiring the spiked  sample, divert spike  gas  flow to
               atmosphere.
           7.)  Let system equilibrate.
           8.)  Repeat items 2 through 7.

       This procedure was performed twelve times to acquire the appropriate number of
       spiked/unspiked pairs.   To ensure  stable  engine operation during  the validation
       procedure, engine operating data was collected during the spiking process.

4.10   TEST SPECIFIC - GENERAL CALIBRATION

To  ensure  the accuracy of data collected during testing, the  test  procedure required that all
instrumentation be routinely calibrated. Calibrations and/or calibration checks were performed
within one week before initiation of testing, and upon completion of the entire test program to
ensure that no "drift" has occurred.  The devices  calibrated  included the dynamometer 5000-lb.
load cell and amplifier,  all thermocouples, pressure transducers,  and all pressure transmitters.
Emissions Testing                                4-26                Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
Dynamometer Load Cell and Amplifier (Daily)

The 5000 pound load cell and amplifier was calibrated  prior to  the engine test section.  The
calibration procedure is outlined in a document  contained  in Appendix M of this document.
Calibration of the load cell and amplifier were then be verified by applying the full range of load
without any adjustments to the offset or gain of the instrumentation.  Calibration checks were
performed on a daily basis prior to starting the engine to identify and correct any drift in the load
cell or amplifier.  These checks used the same procedure as the calibration verification.  If the
daily calibration check showed an indicated load that exceeded ±1.0% of the torque applied by
the standard  weights, the full calibration  procedure was performed.  The dynamometer was
within acceptable  limits  during the test program.   Dynamometer calibration  data sheets are
provided in Appendix L of this document.

Thermocouples (Within one week prior to initiation of each engine test program)

K-type  insertion  thermocouples are used throughout the  Large Bore  Engine Testbed  with
compensation performed  through  the  engine control  and data  acquisition  hardware.   The
thermocouples were calibrated using a Ronan X88 portable calibrator calibrated within ±1.0°F of
N.I.S.T. standard by an independent laboratory.  The thermocouple signal was zeroed and the
gain adjusted at full span until the value displayed by the NetCon 5000 matched the setting of the
Ronan X88 within ±2.0°F.  Once the zero and gain have been set a minimum of two mid-point
temperatures were checked to verify the calibration. Thermocouple calibration data sheets are
provided in Appendix J of this report.

Pressure Transducers (Within one week prior to initiation of each engine test program)

A 3-way valve has been installed to allow  pressure transducer calibration without removing the
sensor from the system.  The Model 320 Beta calibrator used for transducers calibration provides
an accuracy of 0.05% of reading or 0.02%  of full  span and is calibrated to N.I.S.T. standards by
an independent laboratory. The transducer was zeroed and the gain adjusted at full span until the
value displayed  by the NetCon 5000  was within ±1.0 psig  of  the pressure supplied  by the
pressure calibration standard. A minimum of two midpoints was checked to verify calibration.
Pressure transducer calibration data sheets are provided in Appendix J of this report.

Pressure Transmitters (Within one week prior to initiation of each engine test program)

Pressures, which were critical  to control, and emissions  calculations were measured using
Rosemount® 3051C transmitters.   The calibration was performed at the transmitter and no
adjustments are made to the current  loop. A known pressure was supplied to the sensing  port of

Emissions Testing                                4-27                Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
the transmitter  using the Model 320 Beta  calibrator.  The transmitter was zeroed and then
spanned at the full range value of the system. Once spanned, the value displayed by the NetCon
5000 within ±0.5% of the full range value.  A minimum of two mid-span points was checked to
verify calibration. Pressure transmitter calibration data sheets are provided in Appendix J of this
report.

4.11     TEST SPECIFICS - TEST BED GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Colorado State University's Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

The continued operation of stationary reciprocating internal combustion engines is faced with
tremendous challenges in meeting ever tightening restrictions on  air borne pollutants.  The
regulatory environment continues to evolve toward lower allowable limits for criteria pollutants,
including new limitations on hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), even as current statutes are being
implemented.   Although ominous the  task of meeting  compliance, difficulties  involved in
complying  with  tightening  emissions  regulations  have  advanced  the  knowledge  and
understanding of engine emissions and  performance.  The mechanism, which has elevated the
understanding of exhaust emissions, is research and development.  To aid  in this effort  the
Engines  & Energy Conversion Laboratory was established  at Colorado State University. The
engines located at the Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory (EECL) located  at Colorado
State University, and are representative of the types used by the oil and gas industries as well as
power generation markets. The CSU facility currently operates the only independent large-bore
industrial engine test facility in North America.  Engines  that are located  at the facility are as
follows:

             •  Cooper -Bessemer GMV-4-TF , Two-Stroke Lean  Burn Natural Gas Fired
                Engine
             •  Waukesha 3521GL, Four-Stroke Lean Burn Natural Gas Fired Engine
             •  White Superior 6G825, Four Stroke, Rich Burn Natural Gas Fired Engine
             •  Caterpillar 3508, Four Stroke, Lean Burn Diesel Fueled Engine
Industry is currently supporting the installation of three four-stroke engines in the same manner
as the original engine installation. The program sponsor for the installation of the engines is the
Gas Research Institute (GRI).  The additional engines will be installed at the facility to assist
research efforts in addressing needs, both emissions and performance related, on multiple engine
types.  The high-speed, four-cycle, industrial engines (approximately 1000 rpm) represent a large
portion of the current horsepower  in operation within the oil  and gas industry  and power
generation markets.
Emissions Testing                                4-28                Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
The facility has both a research and educational mission. Not only is the facility designed to
develop technologies for the engines of the future, but it will also provide a training ground for
engineers and technicians required to operate and understand these technological breakthroughs.
The laboratory currently employs 6 graduate students and 30 undergraduate students as research
assistants. In addition to the work being conducted for the American Gas Association in the field
of stationary engines, the facility supports research projects in the areas of alternative fuels and
conducts unique educational programs.   In  a program sponsored by the  National Science
Foundation, the EECL is constructing three engine test cells, which can be accessed remotely by
students  anywhere in the world through a dialup  connection and eventually  the Internet.  The
"Global Engine Project"  is supported by numerous industrial co-sponsors including  Briggs &
Stratton, Kistler, Micro-Motion, and SuperFlow.

The EECL is best known to the natural gas industry for the research work conducted on the
Large Bore Engine Testbed.  The initial program, funded through the Gas  Research Institute
(GRI) with Woodward Governor Company as a research partner, was to develop and evaluate the
operation of electronic gas admission valves on large-bore, two-stroke, natural gas fired engines.
Successful  upon program completion in 1994, the development  of the  electronic  fuel valve
technology brought about an additional research initiative to enhance in-cylinder mixing of air
and fuel through high pressure direct fuel gas injection.  High pressure fuel gas was injected into
the combustion chamber  at pressures ranging  from 300 to 700 psig.  Results from the test
program show that high pressure fuel injection can improve the combustion  process.  The end
user can "tailor" the combustion process to a  particular operating condition. Other  important
projects have included "Comparative Testing of Ignition Sources for Large-Bored Natural Gas
Engines",  funded by  a  consortium  of  pipeline  companies and "Evaluation  of  Emissions
Reduction Technology for Large-Bore Natural Gas Fired Engines" funded by Tenneco Gas.

The Large Bore Engine Testbed

Colorado State University was commissioned  by the Pipeline Research Council International
(PRC7) of the American Gas Association (AGA) in 1992 to install a test engine representative of
those engines in use in the gas transmission industry. The charter of the facility was to provide
an independent research facility to aid in the development  of new  technologies that  would
address  the future engine emissions and performance requirements. The project, funded  by the
PRC7 and  highly leveraged  by equipment donations  from member  pipeline companies and
industry vendors, was completed, and the test facility became functional in late 1993.  The test-
bed  incorporates  a Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4TF engine donated  from Southern  California
Natural Gas and installed in the old Fort Collins power plant, which was donated by the City of
Fort Collins to Colorado State University for this purpose.

Emissions Testing                                 4 - 29                Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
The Large Bore Engine Testbed (LBET) was established at Colorado State University to aid in
the development of new technologies for large bore natural gas engines.  The heart of the testbed
is a 4-cylinder Cooper GMV-TF engine.  This is a slow speed (300 rpm) 2-stroke cycle engine
with a 14" bore, 14"  stroke.   The engine is  loaded with a computer-controlled  water brake
dynamometer to provide very precise load control.  The engine is highly instrumented, with over
100 different engine parameters automatically recorded at each test point.

Each cylinder of the engine is equipped with piezoelectric combustion pressure sensors; a digital
signal  processor (DSP) allows real time  measurement  of peak pressure,  location  of peak
pressure, and indicated mean effective  pressure (imep)  from every cylinder on every stroke.
Engine emissions are measured with state-of-the-art 5-gas emissions benches.

The laboratory operates Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) instruments, which will allow for
detailed speciation studies of the hydrocarbon stream; this is required for the study of Hazardous
Air Pollutants (HAPs) such as formaldehyde.

A unique feature of the testbed is a computer-controlled turbocharger simulator, which consists
of a variable speed Lysholm-screw blower to supply air and a variable exhaust restriction to
control exhaust backpressure.  The turbocharger simulator can mimic the characteristics of any
turbocharger, which would be used on a large bore  engine. The temperature and humidity of the
air entering the engine is controlled. These capabilities allow the facility to be well suited for
testing the engine under a wide variety of environmental conditions.
Emissions Testing                                4 - 30                Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                     APPENDIX A


                                 ENGINE TEST DATA
Emissions Testing                                                      Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                            Colorado State University
                                             March 30-April 2,1999
                                               EPA RICE Testing
                  Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
ENGINE OPERATING PARAMETERS
Ignition Type
Dynamometer Torque (ft-lb)
Brake Horsepower
BSFC (BTU/BHP-HR)
Engine Speed (RPM)
Timing (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Timing - SOA (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Duration (Degrees)
Avg. Loc of Peak Pressure (Degrees)
Air/Fuel Ratio
Pressures
Air Manifold (in Hg)
Exhaust Manifold (in. Hg)
Fuel Manifold (psig)
Average Cylinder Peak (psia)
Temperatures (°F)
Air Manifold
Fuel Manifold
Average Cylinder Exhaust
Exhaust Stack
Jacket Water Inlet
Jacket Water Outlet
Lube Oil Inlet
Lube Oil Outlet
Pre-Catalyst
Post-Catalyst
Fuel Flow Measurements
Static Fuel (psia)
Fuel Differential (in H20)
Fuel Temperature (F)
Fuel Consumption (scfh)
Higher Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Lower Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Fuel Tube I D. (in.)
Fuel Orifice 0 D (in )
Annubar Flow Rates
Inlet Air Flow (scfm)
Exhaust Flow (scfm) f
Ambient Conditions
Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)
Air Manifold Conditions
Boost Pressure (in Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Relative Humidity (%) - Corrected'
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)

RunlA
PCC
7723
441
8055
300
1.80
120
25.0
192
502

1326
1020
4671
5075

110.6
129.3
644.0
5553
156.0
164.2
1420
153 1
560
554

594
473
805
3672
1072
968
3068
0.5

2005.0
1979.2

12.01
683
11.1
0.0020
13.8589

13.26
110.6
32.9
48.5
001468
10273

Run2-7
PCC
5285
302
9089
299
440
120
250
18.5
589

774
499
31.00
379.0

1094
1120
559.6
4829
1585
1650
143.2
1520
482
480

606
267
598
2835
1072
968
3.068
05

18286
1700.5

1203
406
48.9
00032
22.1185

7.74
109.4
28.5
47.5
0.01438
10065

Run3
PCC
5286
272
8874
269
3.90
120
250
18.2
64 1

6.80
4.30
24.07
3859

110.2
1158
520.4
451 2
1583
1643
144.7
151 9
452
447

60.9
206
614
2491
1072
968
3068
05

1754.4
1601 2

12.03
41 5
497
00033
23.3376

680
110.2
280
493
0.01492
104.44

Run4
PCC
7324
377
8106
270
1.30
120
250
17.2
50 1

801
544
41 05
501.8

110.2
117.3
6030
5180
1574
1650
143 7
1549
524
517

60.3
350
637
3279
1032
931
3068
0.5

1787.8
1621 7

12.04
34.2
597
00030
20.9993

8.01
110.2
28.6
483
0.01463
10244
*Air manifold relative humidity corrected to the reference ambient
conditions of 90°F, 14.696 psi

-------
                        Colorado State University
                        March 30 - April 2, 1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
COMBUSTION ANALYSIS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horse Power
AVG./STD. Cylinder Peak Pressure (psia)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Location Peak Pressure (Deg.ATDC)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

COV. Cylinder IMEP
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 0-10% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 10-90% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

Total Misfires /600 Engine Cycles
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Total

Cylinder Exhaust Temperatures (Degrees F)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

Runt A
PCC
13.26
441
4993/290
506.9 / 25 1
508.3/34.6
515.5/22.9
507.5/27.9

19.5/1.6
19.0/1 5
19.8/1 9
186/1 3
19.2 / 1.6

29
1.6
2.3
1 7
2.13

117/17
117/12
125/1.8
11 1/12
11.8/1.5

185/340
18.3/22
17.9/3.5
185/2.3
18.3/10.5

1 0
00
0.0
00
0.25

587.3
715.7
5998
673.2
643.99

Run2-7
PCC
7.74
302
378.7 / 37.0
3737/32.2
379.4/40.7
384.0/276
379.0/34.4

17.8/40
195/28
18.4/58
18.6/2.0
18.5/3.7

59
32
6.0
3.5
4.65

77/1.8
95/21
95/24
7.8/1.7
8.6 / 2.0

25.3 / 7.9
25 7 / 3 9
23.5 / 5 5
24 7 / 4.2
24.8 / 5.4

30
50
17.0
0.0
6.25

5044
623.5
532.7
577.8
559.59

Run3
PCC
6.80
272
391 0/35.6
381.2/27.4
380.6/40.1
390.9/26.0
385.9/32.3

17.5/2.0
18.7 / 1,8
18.5/3.9
17.9/1.7
18.2/2.4

58
24
5.2
28
4.05

68/13
82/15
82/18
7.2/1 4
7.6/1.5

25.5/52
22.8/37
300/5.7
20 5 / 3 9
24.7/4.6

0.0
00
00
0.0
0.00

462.7
582.6
489.9
546.5
520.43

Run4
PCC
8.01
377
504.0 / 24.6
499.2/18.3
504.9/255
499.0/205
501.8/22.2

17.2/12
17 1 /I 1
17.2/13
172/1.3
17.2 / 1.2

23
1.3
20
1 3
1.73

98/09
10 1 / 1 0
98/10
10.0 / 1.0
9.9/1.0

157/24
156/19
136/2.2
16 1 /20
15.3/2.1

00
00
00
00
0.00

5505
6809
5527
6278
602.98

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Emissions Measured (Dry)
NOV (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
THC(ppm) Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
02 % Pre-Catalyst
O2 % Post-Catalyst
C02 % Pre-Catalyst
CO2 % Post-Catalyst
Emissions Measured (Wet)
Methane (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm). Post-Catalyst
F I IK Measured Emissions (Wet)
Water-H20
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-C02 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-CO2 (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-N02 (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2 (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N2O (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N20 (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Ammoma-NHj (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Ammonia-NHj (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-N0x (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane-CKi (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane-CH4 (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Ethylene-C2Hj (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Ethylene-C2H4 (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Ethane-C2H,j (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Ethane-CjHs (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Propene-CjHs (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Propene-CjHs (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde-H2CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde-H2CO (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Methanol-CHjOH (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methanol-CHjOH (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Propane-C3H, (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Propane-CjH, (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Sulfur Dioxide-S02 (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Sulfur Dioxide-SO2 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Total Hydrocarbons-THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Total Hydrocarbons-THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde-CH3CHO (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde-CHjCHO (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Acrolein CH2=CHCHO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein CH2=CHCHO (ppm). Post-Catalyst
1-3 Butadiene (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
1-3 Butadiene (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Isoburylene (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Isobutylene (ppm): Post-Catalyst

RunlA
PCC
13.26
441

107.81
113 11
88.63
28.60
95008
97549
14.60
1467
359
343

70589
684.41
56.06
58.26

89510
84458
16257
32884
33411
71 817
9] 610
30 178
17.644
0.000
0000
0000
0000
101.995
109.363
779.025
784.772
0.000
0.000
10320
3851
68.270
89068
0.000
0.000
16,229
8.632
0.591
0.000
23.784
17.865
0.000
0833
997 425
1106522
0000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000

Run2-7
PCC
7.74
302

6.99
7.03
223.82
69.24
1791.18
1824.75
15.80
15.80
2.93
283

1465 15
124860
78.29 '
7861

78831
216757
55976
27393
28193
0.000
0000
11 409
0.000
0.000
0000
0000
0000
11 753
0.000
1626.025
1537.996
0.000
0.000
17.669
12.237
101.145
126.969
0.000
0.000
19.200
12.641
1.312
0.000
24466
23.002
5.962
0.332
1923.185
2051.879
0000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.071
0.000

Run3
PCC
6.80
272

7.00
6.79
199.90
71 18
1861.23
191645
1608
1630
2.67
250

1349.94
95266
105.91
9775

75894
204248
60413
26080
26994
0000
0000
11 609
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
11.896
0.000
1513227
1448.995
0000
0000
21.265
18.215
160.393
207.747
0.000
0.000
16.943
12480
1.082
0.000
39.545
35778
4.527
0.441
1972.543
2152.756
0.000
0.000
0.028
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Run4
PCC
8.01
377

321.47
325.04
78.70
2973
1463 54
1477.64
14.70
1480
348
333

1092.41
1049.49
48 14
4949

88558
77450
18493
32336
33010
271 776
283 687
28583
17086
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
300.359
300 773
1328236
1279813
0.000
0000
6341
3 114
64.385
81.020
0.000
0.000
14.686
7.757
0617
0.000
21.788
18. ""72
4 445
0.000
1525 433
1647.035
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
o onn
\j.\j\j\j
Ct flAfl
u.wu
A nrtfi
v.UUv

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Calculated Carbon Balance Emissions
Exhaust H20% (Pre-Catalyst)
Exhaust H20% (Post-Catalyst)
Oj %
02 Balance
Exhaust Flow (LB/HR)
Fuel Consumption (BSFC)
Air Flow (LB/HR)
Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
In Cylinder Temperature
Air/Fuel Ratio
F-Factor Emissions Calculations (dry)
NO, (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr)' Pre-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr) Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm) Post-Catalyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
THC (Ib/hr) Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm) Post-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
THC (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
CO (Ib/hr)- Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
CO (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
Methane (Ib/hr)- Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
Methane (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (Ib/hr)- Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (Ib/hr)- Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (Ib/hr)- Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (Ib/hr)- Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Acrolem (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Calculated Catalyst Efficiency (FTIR wet)
Carbon Monoxide-CO (%)
Formaldehyde-HjCO (%)

Run I A
PCC
13.26
441

8.41
8.13
1461
-004
89442
8055
8769.5
254
29295
50.2

107.814
1.497
1 456
113.111
1.571
1 528
950 075
4673
4 544
975486
4798
4666
88635
0761
0740
28597
0.246
0239
775 286
3813
3.708
751.696
3697
3595
61.569
0832
0809
63.984
0865
0.841
17.825
0.164
0.160
9480
0.087
0085
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0000

80.75%
46.82%

Run2-7
PCC
7.74
302

731
7.12
15.72
033
80779
9089
79430
288
2539.7
589

6992
0135
0.090
7027
0.136
0.091
1791 178
12280
8 171
1824752
12510
8.324
223 819
2.679
1 783
69.241
0829
0551
1590.530
10.904
7.256
1355.446
9292
6183
84.987
1.601
1.066
85340
1.608
1.070
20843
0.267
0.178
13.722
0.176
0.117
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0000

74 18%
34.16%

Run3
PCC
6.80
272

6.95
665
1618
-0.47
77208
8874
7602.3
29.7
3059.8
64.1

7.000
0.140
0084
6790
0.136
0.081
1861.229
13.171
7.888
1916448
13.562
8 122
199.900
2.470
1.479
71.179
0.879
0527
1460.808
10.338
6.191
1030.904
7.295
4.369
114.611
2.229
1.335
105.778
2058
1.232
18.335
0.243
0145
13.505
0179
0.107
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.030
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

70.42%
26.34%

Run4
PCC
8.01
377

832
806
1474
-0 16
7745.7
8106
7594.1
238
35526
501

321 466
4568
3792
325 038
4619
3834
1463 537
7.366
6 114
1477636
7437
6 173
78700
0692
0.574
29731
0.261
0217
1198.552
6032
5007
1151.464
5.795
4.810
52812
0731
0606
54299
0.751
0624
16 113
0.152
0 126
8.510
0080
0.067
0000
0000
0000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000

76.12%
47 18%

-------
                                             Colorado State University
                                             March 30 - April 2,1999
                                                EPA RICE Testing
                  Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
ENGINE OPERATING PARAMETERS
Ignition Type
Dynamometer Torque (ft-lb)
Brake Horsepower
BSFC (BTU/BHP-HR)
Engine Speed (RPM)
Timing (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Timing - SOA (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Duration (Degrees)
Avg Loc. of Peak Pressure (Degrees)
Air/Fuel Ratio
Pressures
Air Manifold (in. Hg)
Exhaust Manifold (in Hg)
Fuel Manifold (psig)
Average Cylinder Peak (psia)
Temperatures (°F)
Air Manifold
Fuel Manifold
Average Cylinder Exhaust
Exhaust Stack
Jacket Water Inlet
Jacket Water Outlet
Lube Oil Inlet
Lube Oil Outlet
Pre-Catalyst
Post-Catalyst
Fuel Flow Measurements
Static Fuel (psia)
Fuel Differential (in H20)
Fuel Temperature (F)
Fuel Consumption (scfh)
Higher Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Lower Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Fuel Tube ID (in.)
Fuel Orifice O.D. (in )
Annubar Flow Rates
Inlet Air Flow (scfm)
Exhaust Flow (scfm)
Ambient Conditions
Barometric Pressure (in Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)
Air Manifold Conditions
Boost Pressure (in. Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Relative Humidity (%) - Corrected*
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)

RunS
PCC
7731
441
8023
300
280
120
250
187
51 2

1508
11 71
4509
515.1

1106
1297
6103
537.0
156 1
1644
141 9
1523
539
534

593
472
833
3661
1072
968
3068
05

21684
2111 4

12.01
680
130
0.0023
159473

15.08
110.6
345
48.5
0.01470
102.89

Run6
PCC
7727
442
7991
300
1.80
120
25.0
18.0
464

1201
9.31
4529
5188

1102
1334
669.0
567.2
1550
164 1
1424
1540
574
567

593
468
82.6
3646
1072
968
3.068
05

18482
1800 1

1201
628
16.2
00024
167217

12.01
110.2
296
44.7
0.01352
9463

RunS
PCC
7360
378
8003
270
2.60
120
25.0
18.0
54.4

1287
1006
35.14
5025

109.9
1290
574.1
4996
157.1
1645
1436
1538
503
498

600
33.8
76.4
3130
1072
968
3068
05

19680
1843 1

1201
494
439
00040
27 8314

12.87
1099
34.2
499
0.01511
105.74

Run9A
PCC
7728
441
8092
299
1.80
120
250
180
53.6

11.83
9 13
4923
5202

916
114.4
6488
5478
1566
1649
1438
1540
537
527

597
458
655
3626
1090
985
3.068
05

1900.1
17836

12.03
31 0
498
00022
153701

11 83
91 6
5.5
48
000142
9 9i
•Air manifold relative humidity corrected to the reference ambient
conditions of 90°F, 14 696 psi.

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
COMBUSTION ANALYSIS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horse Power
AVG./STD. Cylinder Peak Pressure (psia)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Location Peak Pressure (Deg.ATDC)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

COV. Cylinder IMEP
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 0-10% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinders
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 10-90% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

Total Misfires /600 Engine Cycles
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Total

Cylinder Exhaust Temperatures (Degrees F)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

RunS
PCC
15.08
441
510.3/334
514.4/27.5
504.8 / 36 9
530.9 / 26.0
515.1/31.0

190/ 1 8
184/1.5
196/2.2
17.8/1 4
18.7/1.7

1.7
! 4
1.5
0.0
1.15

9 1 / .2
9.3 / .0
9 1 / .1
90/ 0
9.11 .1

156/27
165/20
13.6/20
16.8/20
15.6/2.2

00
00
0.0
00
0.00

556.5
6798
567.5
637.4
610.30

Run6
PCC
12.01
442
5236/25.0
5120/21.8
522.3/27.8
517.4/21.4
518.8/24.0

17.9 / 1 3
17.9 / 1.3
18.3/1.5
17.8/1 3
18.0/1.4

1 6
1.3
1.9
0.0
1.20

104/1 1
108/1 0
108/1 3
103/09
10.6/1.1

164/2.3
164/1 9
145/2 1
17.0/2 1
16.1/2.1

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.00

616.5
7424
6144
702.7
669.02

RunS
PCC
12.87
378
498.1/32.1
4950/24.2
501.1/34.3
515.9/23.9
502.5/28.6

183/1.6
17.9/1.4
18.6/1 7
17.2/1 3
18.0/1.5

2.8
1 7
2.5
1 6
2.15

7.9/1 3
86/1.2
86/12
77/10
8.2 / 1.2

17 1/34
188/2.4
17.1/30
18.4/25
17.9/2.8

0.0
0.0
0.0
00
0.00

517.8
641.0
532.7
605.0
574.13

Run9A
PCC
11.83
441
521.5/246
511.1/223
534.8/25.2
513.5/224
520.2/23.6

18.0/1 3
182/1.3
17.8/1.3
18.0/1.3
18.0 / 1.3

1 5
1.2
1.6
0.0
1.08

88/10
9.4/1 1
88/10
90/10
9.0 / 1.0

168/26
17.5/20
159/23
178/2 1
17.0/2.3

00
00
0.0
00
0.00

5972
724.3
5952
678.4
648.77

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Emissions Measured (Dry)
NO, (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm) Post-Catalyst
02 % Pre-Catalyst
02 % Post-Catalyst
C02 % Pre-Catalyst
CO, % Post-Catalyst
Emissions Measured (Wet)
Methane (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)' Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
hi IK Measured Emissions (Wet)
Water-H2O
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-C02 (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-C02 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2 (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N2O (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N2O (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ammonia-NHj (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Ammonia-NH] (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-NOx (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-NOx (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Methane-CH4 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Methane-CH4 (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ethylene-C2H4 (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Ethylene-C2Hj (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ethane-CjHj (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Ethane-C2Hi (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Propene-C3H
-------
                        Colorado State University
                        March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer CMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Calculated Carbon Balance Emissions
Exhaust H20% (Pre-Catalyst)
Exhaust H2O% (Post-Catalyst)
O2 %
O2 Balance
Exhaust Flow (LB/HR)
Fuel Consumption (BSFC)
Air Flow (LB/HR)
Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
In Cylinder Temperature
Air/Fuel Ratio
F-Factor Emissions Calculations (dry)
NO, (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr)' Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm) Post-Catalyst
NO., (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr). Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr)' Pre-Catalyst
THC (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm) Post-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
THC (Ib/hr)' Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm)' Pre-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
CO (Ib/hr). Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm). Post-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
CO (Ib/hr)- Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Methane (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
Methane (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)' Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr)' Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (Ib/hr). Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (Ib/hr). Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr)' Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (Ib/hr)' Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Calculated Catalyst Efficiency (FTIR wet)
Carbon Monoxide-CO (%)
Formaldehyde-HjCO (%)

RunS
PCC
15.08
441

829
8.08
1475
1.50
9081 7
8023
8907.6
26.3
28237
51 2

39858
0.599
0.583
44379
0667
0.649
1026.129
5460
5.314
1063430
5659
5508
113609
1 055
1.027
38741
0.360
0.350
862 890
4591
4469
962.155
5.120
4983
64886
0.949
0.924
94.974
1 389
1 352
16882
0.168
0.164
10.115
0.101
0.098
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.077
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0000

76.77%
40.08%

Run6
PCC
12.01
442

874
8.43
14.09
1 15
8224.8
7991
8051.3
243
3007.0
46.4

226419
2998
2.918
229 272
3.035
2954
941 959
4.417
4299
953.514
4471
4351
83.745
0.686
0.667
30.652
0.251
0244
758.125
3555
3.460
735.494
3448
3.357
56408
0.727
0.708
62 114
0.800
0779
17.891
0.157
0.153
8.529
0075
0.073
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000

80.08%
52.33%

RunS
PCC
12.87
378

7.94
7.43
15.17
1.80
82476
8003
8098.7
27.1
31216
54.4

29872
0490
0409
33709
0.553
0.461
1307.186
7.593
6334
1298 197
7541
6290
120811
1225
1 022
41.018
0416
0.347
1036.012
6018
5.020
977.321
5.677
4.735
75.131
1.200
1.001
92.133
1471
1.227
17087
0.186
0.155
9.368
0102
0.085
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

75 52%
45.18%

Run9A
PCC
11.83
441

6.43
6.37
15.16
-073
96956
8092
9518.1
260
28837
536

132938
1 826
1.777
140.616
1.932
1 880
963 994
4690
4563
1002 779
4878
4747
84215
0715
0696
29.969
0.255
0.248
859814
4,183
4.070
753 389
3665
3566
33858
0453
0441
30.736
0.411
0400
18 142
0.165
0.161
9.274
0.084
0.082
0.000
0000
0000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000

76.25%
48 88%

-------
                                             Colorado State University
                                             March 30 - April 2,1999
                                                EPA RICE Testing
                   Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
ENGINE OPERATING PARAMETERS
Ignition Type
Dynamometer Torque (ft-lb)
Brake Horsepower
BSFC (BTU/BHP-HR)
Engine Speed (RPM)
Timing (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Timing - SOA (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Duration (Degrees)
Avg Loc. of Peak Pressure (Degrees)
Air/Fuel Ratio
Pressures
Air Manifold (in. Hg)
Exhaust Manifold (in. Hg)
Fuel Manifold (psig)
Average Cylinder Peak (psia)
Temperatures (*F)
Air Manifold
Fuel Manifold
Average Cylinder Exhaust
Exhaust Stack
Jacket Water Inlet
Jacket Water Outlet
Lube Oil Inlet
Lube Oil Outlet
Pre-Catalyst
Post-Catalyst
Fuel Flow Measurements
Static Fuel (psia)
Fuel Differential (in. H2O)
Fuel Temperature (F)
Fuel Consumption (scfh)
Higher Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Lower Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Fuel Tube ID (in )
Fuel Orifice O D. (in )
Annubar Flow Rates
Inlet Air Flow (scfm)
Exhaust Flow (scfm)
Ambient Conditions
Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)
Air Manifold Conditions
Boost Pressure (in Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Relative Humidity (%) - Corrected*
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)

RunlO
PCC
7729
442
8195
299
1.80
120
250
183
492

1324
10.25
51.00
5189

1300
1140
6560
558.4
1560
1649
142.1
1539
565
556

597
469
64.1
3674
1090
985
3068
05

20691
18575

1203
31 5
526
00024
16 5973

1324
1300
190
480
0.01454
101.79

Runll
PCC
7356
378
8063
270
2.60
120
25.0
189
569

12.87
10.06
41.53
491 1

110.4
120.0
579 I
5029
147.0
154.2
1426
153.0
507
500

603
35 1
654
3277
1032
931
3068
05

20193
18364

1204
29.3
674
00028
194075

1287
1104
33.3
49.2
001491
104.38

Runl2
PCC
7349
378
8062
270
2.60
120
25.0
18.7
56.9

12.87
10.06
42.00
492.9

110.3
1235
5836
508 1
1677
1745
143.6
1534
507
500

603
35 1
664
3271
1032
931
3068
05

20147
1809 1

1204
304
69.3
00030
20 9592

1287
110.3
33.6
49.6
001501
10509

Runl3
PCC
7727
441
8170
300
0.20
120
250
21 3
49.6

1351
10.48
4700
4766

1105
1326
660 1
569 1
1554
164.0
141 3
1530
574
568

59.2
490
825
3727
1072
968
3.068
0.5

2026.5
19488

1201
590
186
00024
1 6 7003

13 51
110.5
33.7
49.1
001487
104.08
*Air manifold relative humidity corrected to the reference ambient
conditions of 90°F, 14 696 psi

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer CMV-4-TF
COMBUSTION ANALYSIS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horse Power
AVG./STD. Cylinder Peak Pressure (psia)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder!
Cylinders
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Location Peak Pressure (Deg.ATDC)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

COV. Cylinder IMEP
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Jngine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 0-10% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 10-90% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

Total Misfires /600 Engine Cycles
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Total

Cylinder Exhaust Temperatures (Degrees F)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

RunlO
PCC
13.24
442
516.5/26 1
523.8/224
520.4/284
5149/233
518.9/25.1

185/ 4
18 O/ .3
185/ 4
182/ 3
18.3 / .4

1 7
1.4
1 8
1 4
1.58

94/ I
95/ 1
96/ 2
92/ 0
9.4 / .1

178/29
170/2 1
170/24
18.1/20
17.5/2.4

00
00
0.0
00
0.00

601.8
7386
598.1
685.6
656.05

Runll
PCC
12.87
378
4889/381
493 0 / 25 6
485.3/38.2
497 1 / 25.3
491.1/31.8

192/2 1
184/1 5
195/2.3
183/14
18.9 / 1.8

32
1 4
28
1.6
2.25

102/1.5
102/1.2
11.1 /1.5
9.9/1.2
10.4/1.4

19.4/44
197/2.3
23.1/33
19.8/2.5
20.5/3.1

0.0
00
0.0
0.0
0.00

527.4
647.7
536.0
605.4
579.12

Run 12
PCC
12.87
378
490 9 / 36 6
493.6 / 25 4
487.4 / 39.2
499.9/25.3
492.9/31.6

19 1 /2.0
18.3/1.4
194/2.3
18.2/1.4
18.7/1.8

2.8
1 3
25
1.5
2.03

10.5/1 7
103/1.2
10.8/1 5
98/1.3
10.4 / 1.4

23 5 / 3 4
19.9/26
204/3.2
195/2.4
20.8/2.9

2.0
0.0
00
00
0.50

531 4
6508
541.3
611.0
583.62

Run 13
PCC
13.51
441
4769/28.9
4786/237
467.6/324
483.1/239
476.6/27.2

21.4/1 8
21.1 /1.5
22 0 / 2 4
20 9 / 1 5
21.3/1.8

00
00
00
00
0.00

118/13
11 8/1.2
124/1 5
114/11
11.9/1.3

20 0 / 20 0
180/182
195/183
208/189
19.6 / 18.9

00
00
0.0
00
0.00

608 5
7322
610.5
6893
660.11

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Emissions Measured (Dry)
NO, (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOV (ppm)' Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
02 % Pre-Catalyst
O2 %: Post-Catalyst
C02 %. Pre-Catalyst
C02 % Post-Catalyst
Emissions Measured (Wet)
Methane (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
FTIR Measured Emissions (Wet)
Water-H20
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm) Pre-Cataiyst
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-CO2 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-CO2 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
NitricOxide-NO(ppm) Post-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N2O (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N20 (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Ammonia-NHj (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Ammonia-NH3 (ppm)' Post-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-N0x (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Methane-CH; (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Methane-CK, (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Ethylene-C2H4 (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Ethylene-CjHi (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ethane-CA (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Ethane-C2H« (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Propene-CjHs (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Propene-CsHs (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde-H2CO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde-H2CO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Methanol-CHjOH (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methanol-CH3OH (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Propane-CjH, (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Propane-CjH, (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Sulfur Dioxide-S02 (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Sulfur Dioxide-S02 (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Total Hydrocarbons-THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Total Hydrocarbons-THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde-CH3CHO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde-CH3CHO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Acrolein CH2=CHCHO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein CH2=CHCHO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
1 -3 Butadiene (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
1-3 Butadiene (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Isobutylene (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Isobutylene (ppm): Post-Catalyst

RunlO
PCC
13.24
442

154.87
162.39
8380
29 17
96461
1005.77
1463
1463
3.66
353

765.26
717.99
2833
2826

82746
85099
19372
33706
33623
119538
135415
30820
18.216
0.000
0000
0.000
0000
150358
153632
912712
866 329
0.000
0000
7565
2935
42.719
54.840
0.000
0000
16.931
8.45!
0.541
0.000
15.335
11.967
5.930
4.124
1053.709
1114.227
0.000
0000
0052
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Runll
PCC
12.87
378

2763
31 15
118.45
4746
1326 18
137555
15.20
15.40
305
3.01

1090.06
102697
4622
45.58

82706
117 185
35480
28780
29371
8319
20799
22.220
0000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
30.539
18981
1253 789
1206 837
0.000
0.000
8 112
4920
56.880
71 402
0.000
0.000
15.954
10.453
0.675
0.000
20690
18.184
4.654
0.000
1435.990
1548931
0.000
0.000
0.028
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Runl2
PCC
12.87
378

30.46
34.24
113.56
4461
1311 63
1364.57
15.30
1540
3.05
299

1048.79
1121.69
41 20
4866

82567
112.958
33.003
28730
29445
10466
24349
22.754
2 100
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
33219
26.448
1238.013
1 190.839
0.000
0000
7927
4.545
55.834
69.739
0.000
0000
15.992
10.212
0.661
0.000
21.642
18.641
4.895
0.000
1420.413
1528.571
0.000
0000
0.070
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000

Runl3
PCC
13.51
441

94.42
10057
86.07
31.67
910.54
93566
1460
1450
3,64
355

69657
61909
5692
5738

93229
82.650
17.551
34317
34248
59781
79 148
31.178
17.282
0.000
0.000
0000
0000
90.959
96.431
760.130
750 865
0000
0000
11.363
4.415
67.021
86275
0.000
0.000
17.589
9.295
0656
0000
22.461
17092
0.000
1.909
977 452
1061.838
0.000
0000
0000
0.000
0.097
0000
0.000
0.000

-------
                        Colorado State University
                        March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
gnition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Calculated Carbon Balance Emissions
Exhaust H20% (Pre-Catalyst)
Exhaust H2O% (Post-Catalyst)
02 %
02 Balance
Exhaust Flow (LB/HR)
Fuel Consumption (BSFC)
Air Flow (LB/HR)
Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
In Cylinder Temperature
Air/Fuel Ratio
^-Factor Emissions Calculations (dry)
NO, (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr)' Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm) Post-Catalyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
NO, (lb/hr) Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
THC (lb/hr). Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm) Post-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
THC (lb/hr), Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
CO (lb/hr) Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm). Post-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
CO (lb/hr): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)' Pre-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
Methane (lb/hr). Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
Methane (lb/hr) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (lb/hr) Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (lb/hr). Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm)' Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (lb/hr). Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr)' Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (lb/hr)' Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (lb/hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr)' Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (lb/hr): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (Ib/hr)- Post-Catalyst
Calculated Catalyst Efficiency (FTIR wet)
Carbon Monoxide-CO (%)
Formaldehyde-HjCO (%)

RunlO
PCC
13.24
442

840
8 19
14.55
0.36
90249
8195
8845 1
24.3
2996.8
49.2

154.868
2.199
2 140
162387
2.305
2.244
964 607
4850
4.722
1005.769
5.057
4923
83.798
0.736
0.716
29174
0.256
0.249
834 295
4.195
4.084
782.760
3.936
3831
30.888
0427
0416
30.808
0.426
0.414
18.458
0.174
0.169
9.213
0.087
0.084
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.056
0.001
0001
0.000
0.000
0.000

77.24%
50 09%

Run 11
PCC
12.87
378

7.65
7.58
1548
-1.28
87628
8063
8611.3
27.3
3131 3
569

27630
0425
0.354
31 151
0479
0.399
1326.179
7.221
6023
1375553
7.490
6247
118446
1 126
0939
47457
0.451
0.376
1188.347
6471
5.397
1119.563
6.096
5085
50.388
0754
0.629
49693
0.744
0.620
17.392
0177
0.148
11.396
0.116
0.097
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.030
0001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

69.72%
34.48%

Runl2
PCC
12.87
378

7.67
7.56
15.48
-0.85
8754.4
8062
86032
274
3129.1
56.9

30463
0477
0.397
34239
0.536
0.446
1311.625
7269
6052
1364.567
7.563
6.297
113.556
1.099
0.915
44.612
0.432
0359
1143.181
6.336
5.275
1222.638
6776
5642
44.911
0684
0.570
53041
0.808
0.673
17.431
0.181
0.151
11.132
0.115
0.096
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.076
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000

70.78%
36.14%

Runl3
PCC
13.51
441

8.51
8.36
14.52
033
8973.0
8170
8795.7
25.2
28978
496

94418
1.330
1.294
100 570
1.417
1.379
910545
4.542
4420
935.659
4668
4542
86069
0750
0729
31.668
0276
0.268
768.188
3.832
3.729
682 744
3406
3314
62768
0.861
0.838
63.285
0.868
0844
19.398
0.181
0.176
10.250
0.096
0.093
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0000

78.77%
47.16%

-------
                                             Colorado State University
                                             March 30 - April 2,1999
                                                EPA RICE Testing
                  Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
ENGINE OPERATING PARAMETERS
Ignition Type
Dynamometer Torque (ft-lb)
Brake Horsepower
BSFC (BTU/BHP-HR)
Engine Speed (RPM)
Timing (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Timing - SOA (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Duration (Degrees)
Avg Loc of Peak Pressure (Degrees)
Air/Fuel Ratio
Pressures
Air Manifold (in Hg)
Exhaust Manifold (in. Hg)
Fuel Manifold (psig)
Average Cylinder Peak (psia)
Temperatures (°F)
Air Manifold
Fuel Manifold
Average Cylinder Exhaust
Exhaust Stack
Jacket Water Inlet
Jacket Water Outlet
Lube Oil Inlet
Lube Oil Outlet
Pre-Catalyst
Post-Catalyst
Fuel Flow Measurements
Static Fuel (psia)
Fuel Differential (in H2O)
Fuel Temperature (F)
Fuel Consumption (scfh)
Higher Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Lower Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Fuel Tube I.D (in.)
Fuel Orifice O.D (in )
Annubar Flow Rates
Inlet Air Flow (scfm)
Exhaust Flow (scfm)
Ambient Conditions
Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)
Air Manifold Conditions
Boost Pressure (in. Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Relative Humidity (%) - Corrected*
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)

RunI4
PCC
7728
441
7857
300
3.90
120
250
169
488

1339
10.35
45.00
541 3

110 1
1294
6232
5380
156.2
1643
141.2
152.7
542
537

594
45 1
81 8
3585
1072
968
3.068
05

2040.!
19392

1201
54.5
31.5
00034
24 0549

1339
110 1
34.2
49.5
0.01500
10497

RunIS
PCC
7729
442
8285
299
1 80
120
250
190
47.6

1324
1025
4900
5055

1107
113.6
652 1
558.8
1560
1649
141.4
1520
599
590

597
475
598
3715
1090
985
3.068
05

2037.1
1891 5

1203
37.7
579
0.0033
23 4370

13.24
1107
325
48.1
0.01455
101.85

Runl6
PCC
7731
442
8282
299
1.80
120
250
190
49.9

13.24
1025
51.00
5074

1108
112 1
651.2
5567
1554
1640
141.9
1526
599
590

597
473
58.3
3713
1090
985
3.068
05

20305
18794

1203
34.3
56 1
00028
198211

13.24
1108
32.5
482
0.01460
102.23
•Air manifold relative humidity corrected to the reference ambient
conditions of 90°F, 14 696 psi

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
COMBUSTION ANALYSIS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horse Power
AVG./STD. Cylinder Peak Pressure (psia)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Location Peak Pressure (Deg.ATDQ
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

COV. Cylinder IMEP
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 0-10% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 10-90% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

Total Misfires 7600 Engine Cycles
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Total

Cylinder Exhaust Temperatures (Degrees F)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

Runl4
PCC
13.39
441
545.4/30.6
537.7/25.7
531.5/354
550.8/23.0
541.3/28.7

17.0/1.6
167/1.4
178/1 9
16.2/1.2
16.9/1.5

2.1
1.4
1 8
1 5
1.70

74/16
75/1.1
82/1 5
6.9/09
7.5 / 1.3

17.5/3 1
175/24
168/27
17.3/23
17.3/2.6

00
0.0
00
0.0
0.00

S70.2
694.2
574.1
654.3
623.20

RunlS
PCC
13.24
442
518.3/26.2
521.7/22.6
456.5 / 34.0
5257/24.1
505.5/26.7

18.8/1.4
184/1.4
20 7 / 2 9
18.3/1.4
19.0 / 1.8

1 7
1 3
3 1
1 5
1.90

9.7/1.1
97/10
11 1/1.8
96/1.1
10.0 / 1.3

18.4/3.4
173/1.9
21.1/39
17.9/2.0
L_ 18.7/2.8

0.0
00
0.0
00
0.00

601.0
733.6
584.8
689.0
652.10

Run 16
PCC
13.24
442
4906/29.0
542.7 / 22.7
495.3/302
500.9/23.4
507.4/26.3

196/1.5
17.9/1.3
19.6/17
18.9/1.4
19.0/1.5

20
1 3
20
1.3
1.65

100/1.2
93/09
10.3/1 3
97/1.0
9.8/1.1

20.3 / 3 2
16.3/1 8
18.4/2.9
1 8 9 / 2.2
18.5/2.5

00
00
0.0
00
0.00

5923
751.0
589.3
672.1
651.17

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Emissions Measured (Dry)
NO, (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm) Post-Catalyst
O2 %' Pre-Catalyst
O2 % Post-Catalyst
C02 % Pre-Catalyst
CO2 %. Post-Catalyst
Emissions Measured (Wet)
Methane (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
FTIR Measured Emissions (Wet)
Water-H20
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-CO2 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-C02 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2 (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N20 (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N2O (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ammonia-NH3 (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Ammonia-NH; (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-NOx (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane-CH, (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Methane-CR, (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ethylene-C2H4 (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Ethylene-CjH, (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ethane-C2H6 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Ethane-CjH^ (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Propene-CjH^ (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Propene-CjHj (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde-HjCO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde-H2CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
MethanoI-CH,OH (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methanol-CHjOH (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Propane-C3H, (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Propane-CjHj (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Sulfur Dioxide-SOj (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Sulfur Dioxide-SO2 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Total Hydrocarbons-THC (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Total Hydrocarbons-THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde-CH3CHO (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde-CH3CHO (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Acrolein CH2=CHCHO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein CH2=CHCHO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
1-3 Butadiene (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
1-3 Butadiene (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Isobutylene (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
sobutylene (ppm): Post-Catalyst

Ruol4
PCC
13.39
441

87.22
92.46
101 43
34.46
977.71
995.13
1460
14.50
370
355

708.75
651.84
5677
61 41

90337
97.128
22.621
32797
32923
58678
74808
26813
15645
0.000
0000
0000
0000
85489
90454
808 142
803 684
0.000
0.000
9.854
4519
71.323
92231
0000
0.000
15.324
8.204
0.566
0.000
23.654
18.572
0.000
1.578
1032.064
1136766
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000

RunlS
PCC
13.24
442

139.54
147.42
9647
3147
1034 86
1061.81
14.70
14.70
378
376

79202
74646
31 46
30.97

89956
97.130
21 615
33469
33452
105276
120451
29001
16879
0000
0.000
0000
0000
134.277
137.330
958841
909 333
0.000
0.000
8289
3.259
46.134
58.578
0.000
0000
17.476
9.053
0.725
0.000
15.278
11.960
6.043
0.179
1107.570
1169.970
0.000
0000
0.060
0000
0.000
0.000
0000
0000

Runl6
PCC
13.24
442

162.53
171.22
93.55
31 09
1012.64
106233
14.60
14.70
3.60
352

84462
768.28
37.70
28.71

90039
94505
21.575
33495
33561
126214
141.909
29.364
18035
0.000
0000
0000
0.000
155.576
159943
960581
915.309
0.000
0.000
8.247
3.272
45.785
58708
0000
0.000
17491
8.803
0.686
0.000
15.268
12.092
5.433
0.800
1108.000
1177.322
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Calculated Carbon Balance Emissions
Exhaust HaO% (Pre-Catalyst)
Exhaust H20% (Post-Catalyst)
Oj %
O2 Balance
Exhaust Flow (LB/HR)
Fuel Consumption (BSFC)
Air Flow (LB/HR)
Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
[n Cylinder Temperature
Air/Fuel Ratio
F-Factor Emissions Calculations (dry)
NO, (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr) Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
THC (Ib/hr). Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm) Post-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
THC (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
CO (Ib/hr) Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
CO (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
Methane (Ib/hr) Pre-Catalyst
Methane (pprn) Post-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
Methane (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (Ib/hr)' Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (Ib/hr)- Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bnp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
Calculated Catalyst Efficiency (FTIR wet)
Carbon Monoxide-CO (%)
Formaldehyde-H2CO (%)

Run 14
PCC
13.39
441

8.63
838
1442
078
8484.3
7857
83138
255
2961 6
488

87219
1.182
1.150
92465
1.253
1 219
97771!
4691
4565
995 125
4774
4647
101 426
0850
0.827
34457
0.289
0281
779.138
3.738
3.638
716.571
3438
3.346
62403
0823
0801
67.511
0.890
0.867
16.846
0151
0 147
9.019
0.081
0.079
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000

76.71%
46.46%

RunlS
PCC
13.24
442

8.60
856
14.34
1.54
8833 1
8285
8651 3
24.3
2909.5
47.6

139.537
2026
1.972
147418
2 140
2.084
1034859
5321
5.180
1061 811
5.460
5.315
96.474
0.866
0.843
31 469
0.283
0.275
870 309
4475
4357
820.247
4218
4.106
34571
0489
0.476
34028
0.481
0.468
19.203
0.185
0.180
9.948
0.096
0.093
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.066
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000

77.75%
48.20%

Run 16
PCC
13.24
442

8.32
8.18
14.64
-018
9241.1
8282
90594
247
29000
499

162.533
2321
2260
171.216
2.445
2381
1012638
5 122
4.987
1062.331
5.374
5.232
93553
0.826
0804
31.089
0.275
0.267
928 192
4.695
4.571
844.296
4.271
4.158
41.430
0576
0.561
31.548
0439
0.427
19.222
0.182
0.177
9.674
0.092
0089
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000

77.17%
49.67%

-------
                                            Colorado State University
                                             March 30 - April 2,1999
                                                EPA RICE Testing
                  Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
ENGINE OPERATING PARAMETERS
Ignition Type
Dynamometer Torque (ft-lb)
Brake Horsepower
BSFC (BTU/BHP-HR)
Engine Speed (RPM)
Timing (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Timing - SOA (Degrees BTDC)
Average Fuel Valve Duration (Degrees)
Avg Loc. of Peak Pressure (Degrees)
Air/Fuel Ratio
Pressures
Air Manifold (in Hg)
Exhaust Manifold (in Hg)
Fuel Manifold (psig)
Average Cylinder Peak (psia)
Temperatures (°F)
Air Manifold
Fuel Manifold
Average Cylinder Exhaust
Exhaust Stack
Jacket Water Inlet
Jacket Water Outlet
Lube Oil Inlet
Lube Oil Outlet
Pre-Catalyst
Post-Catalyst
Fuel Flow Measurements
Static Fuel (psia)
Fuel Differential (in H2O)
Fuel Temperature (F)
Fuel Consumption (scfh)
Higher Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Lower Heating Value-Dry (Btu)
Fuel Tube I D. (in.)
Fuel Orifice O.D (in )
Annubar Flow Rates
Inlet Air Flow (scfm)
Exhaust Flow (scfm)
Ambient Conditions
Barometric Pressure (in Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)
Air Manifold Conditions
Boost Pressure (in. Hg)
Dry Bulb Temperature (F)
Relative Humidity (%)
Relative Humidity (%) - Corrected*
Absolute Humidity (Ib/lb)
Absolute Humidity (gr/lb)

PAH1
PCC
7326
377
8099
270
1 30
120
250
17.1
506

8.01
544
41 04
501.9

1102
1179
6030
518.6
157.4
1650
1434
154.7
524
517

604
350
643
3277
1032
931
3068
05

17870
16309

1204
34.1
57.7
00029
202350

801
110.2
284
480
0.01452
101.64

PAH2
PCC
7341
377
8143
270
260
120
25.0
18.9
577

1287
10.06
4200
489.7

110.4
1190
5747
502.3
157.4
1647
1424
1520
505
500

603
356
648
3300
1032
931
3.068
05

2051 6
1851 5,

12.04
325
61.5
00029
20 1949

12.87
1104
336
49.7
0.01505
105.36

PAH3
PCC
7353
378
8062
270
260
120
250
18.8
56.9

12.87
10.06
41 77
492.0

110.3
121 8
581.4
5055
157.3
164.3
143 1
1532
507
500

603
35.1
65.9
3274
1032
931
3068
05

20170
1822.7

12.04
29.9
684
0.0029
20.1710

12.87
110.3
33.5
494
0.01496
104.74
*Air manifold relative humidity corrected to the reference ambient
conditions of 90°F, 14.696 psi.

-------
                        Colorado State University
                        March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
COMBUSTION ANALYSIS
gnition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horse Power
AVG./STD. Cylinder Peak Pressure (psia)
Cylinder 1
Cylinders
Cylinders
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Location Peak Pressure (Deg.ATDC)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinders
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

COV. Cylinder IMEP
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylmder3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 0-10% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinders
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

AVG./STD. Burn Duration 10-90% (Degrees)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

Total Misfires /600 Engine Cycles
Cylinder !
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Total

Cylinder Exhaust Temperatures (Degrees F)
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Engine Average

PAHI
PCC
8.01
377
5046/24.5
499.4/18.2
504.4/254
499 1 / 20.5
501.9/22.1

17.2/1.2
17.0/1.2
17.2/1.3
17.2/12
17.1/1.2

2.3
1.3
20
1 3
1.73

9.8/09
10.1 M.O
98/10
100/1.0
9.9 / 1.0

157/2.4
15.6/1 9
13.6/22
16.1/2.0
15.3/2.1

0.0
00
0.0
00
0.00

550.9
681.1
552.1
627.7
602.96

PAH2
PCC
12.87
377
4832/393
493.0/25.7
484.8/39.0
4980/26.0
489.7/32.5

19.3/2.5
185/1.5
196/2.4
184/14
18.9/2.0

33
1 4
30
1 5
2.30

106/1 6
10.2/1.2
11.0/1 7
98/12
10.4/1.4

22 8 / 4.4
19.6/24
20 1 / 3 5
195/2.8
20.5 / 3.3

00
00
0.0
0.0
0.00

521.5
642.2
533.5
601.5
574.69

PAH3
PCC
12.87
378
4899/373
493.3/25.5
486.4/38.7
498.5/253
492.0/31.7

19 1/2.1
18.4/1.5
19.5/23
18.3/1.4
18.8/1.8

2.8
1.3
2.5
1.5
2.03

10.5/1.7
10.3/1.2
I0.8/ 1.5
98/13
10.4 / 1.4

23.5/34
19.9/2.6
204/3.2
19.5/2.4
20.8/2.9

2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.50

5294
649.2
538.7
608.2
581.37

-------
                        Colorado State University
                        March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Emissions Measured (Dry)
NO, (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm). Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm). Post-Catalyst
O2 %. Pre-Catalyst
02 %. Post-Catalyst
C02 %: Pre-Catalyst
C02 %. Post-Catalyst
Emissions Measured (Wet)
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)' Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
FTIR Measured Emissions (Wet)
Water-H2O
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Monoxide-CO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-C02 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Carbon Dioxide-CO2 (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Nitric Oxide-NO (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2 (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Nitrogen Dioxide-N02 (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N2O (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Nitrous Oxide-N20 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ammonia-NH3 (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Ammoma-NH3 (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-NOx (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Oxides of Nitrogen-NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane-CK, (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Methane-CH, (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Acetylene-C2H2 (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Ethylene-C2H4 (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Ethylene-C2H, (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Ethane-C2H4 (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Ethane-C2H« (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Propene-CjUj (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Propene-CsHe (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde-H2CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde-H2CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methanol-CHjOH (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methanol-CHjOH (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Propane-C3H, (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Propane-CjH, (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Sulfur Dioxide-SO2 (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Sulfur Dioxide-SOj (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Total Hydrocarbons-THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Total Hydrocarbons-THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde-CH3CHO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde-CH3CHO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein CH2=CHCHO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein CH2=CHCHO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
1 -3 Butadiene (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
1-3 Butadiene (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Isobutylene (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Isobutylene (ppm) Post-Catalyst

PAH1
PCC
8.01
377

324 10
327.44
78.18
3047
1462.52
1474.74
14.58
14.73
344
335

1127.15
104643
47.74
5009

88327
77.258
18946
32332
32936
274.754
286.934
28714
16963
0.000
0000
0000
0000
303.467
303 897
1330833
1277.346
0000
0000
6249
3 105
64.843
81 623
0000
0.000
14.588
7.867
0.648
0.000
21.324
18.509
4.229
0195
1527.323
1644594
0000
0.000
0080
0000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000

PAH2
PCC
12.87
377

2659
30.11
118.14
46 16
1376.98
1423.14
15.40
15.50
3.00
2.92

1118.49
103080
3940
41.48

81574
116746
34473
28247
28873
7.724
21.377
22 113
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
29.838
18787
1305 385
1247 156
0000
0000
7.729
4.685
54.491
68.863
0.000
0.000
15.774
10.213
0.704
0.000
18.551
16.180
5.844
0.000
1476.985
1582888
0.000
0.000
0026
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

PAH3
PCC
12.87
378

29.05
32.70
116.00
46.03
1318.90
137006
15.25
15.40
3.05
3.00

106943
1074 33
4371
47.12

82590
115.103
34242
28757
29408
9.402
22.574
22488
1050
0000
0.000
0000
0000
31.890
22.715
1245.310
1198838
0.000
0000
8020
4.733
56.325
70.570
0.000
0.000
15.970
10.333
0.672
0.000
21.162
18.412
4.658
0.000
1427.528
1538751
0000
0.000
0032
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

-------
                        Colorado State University
                         March 30 - April 2,1999
                           EPA RICE Testing
Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
MEASURED EMISSIONS
Ignition Type
Air Manifold Pressure ("Hg)
Engine Horsepower (BHP)
Calculated Carbon Balance Emissions
Exhaust H2O% (Pre-Catalyst)
Exhaust H20% (Post-Catalyst)
02 %
O; Balance
Exhaust Flow (LB/HR)
Fuel Consumption (BSFC)
Air Flow (LB/HR)
Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
In Cylinder Temperature
Air/Fuel Ratio
F-Factor Emissions Calculations (dry)
NO, (ppm): Pre-Cataiyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr) Pre-Catalyst
NO, (ppm): Post-Catalyst
NO, (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
NO, (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
THC (Ib/hr) Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
THC (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
THC (Ib/hr)- Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
CO (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm) Post-Catalyst
CO (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
CO (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)-. Pre-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (Ib/hr). Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Methane (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (Ib/hr) Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (Ib/hr): Pre-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Formaldehyde (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (Ib/hr)- Pre-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
Acetaldehyde (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
Acrolein (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
Acrolein (Ib/hr): Post-Catalyst
Calculated Catalyst Efficiency (FTIR wet)
Carbon Monoxide-CO (%)
Formaldehyde-HjCO (%)

PAH1
PCC
8.01
377

824
807
14.80
-0.96
7812.9
8099
7661.5
23.9
35695
50.6

324 102
4513
3.747
327.445
4559
3.786
1462.516
7212
5.989
1474.743
7.272
6039
78.182
0.673
0559
30474
0.262
0.218
1236.352
6.097
5.063
1147818
5660
4700
52.367
0.710
0589
54.941
0745
0.618
16.002
0148
0.123
8.596
0.079
0.066
0.000
0.000
0000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.088
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000

75 48%
46 07%

PAH2
PCC
12.87
377

7.59
745
1557
-0.79
89532
8143
8800.7
274
3154.2
57.7

26.592
0428
0356
30.113
0485
0.403
1376975
7.848
6528
1423 145
8.111
6746
118 135
1.176
0978
46.164
0459
0.382
1217 829
6941
5773
1122.351
6.397
5320
42.901
0.672
0.559
45 165
0708
0.589
17.175
0.183
0.152
11.121
0.119
0.099
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0000
0.028
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

70.47%
35.25%

PAH3
PCC
12.87
378

7.66
7.57
15.48
-1.06
87586
8062
8607.3
274
3130.1
56.9

29047
0.451
0.375
32.695
0.507
0423
1318902
7245
6.037
1370.060
7526
6272
116.001
1.113
0.927
46.034
0.442
0368
1165.703
6.403
5.336
1171.044
6.433
5361
47.647
0.719
0600
51.364
0.776
0.646
17.408
0.179
0.149
11.263
0.116
0.097
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.035
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000

70.25%
35 30%

-------
                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                      APPENDIX B

                                       BASELINE
Emissions Testing                                                      Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Enaines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Baseline 440BHP 7.5/2.5
Data Point Number: 033099-Baseline
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
C02 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
.4BTDC PCC
Date:
Average
74.65
12.03
3.00
7.76
29.29
0.01508
110.10
1716.01
1708.54
5.00
58890
643.23
764.15
635.73
732.48
29900
29942
52020
441 23
8252.88
961.70
3786 07
0.62
8831
51 42
59.01
48.00
139.16
41.50
387
3.23
3.14
50.89
54.66
0.43
0 14
13.60
1350
6406
19.92
4.31
4.16
822.20
821.92
998.10
1025.97
1189.25
1230.14
922.18
917.38
63.27
63.78
03/30/99
Min
73.00
12.03
3.00
772
28.00

108.10
1688.00
1691.00
4.85
587.00
640.00
761.00
633.00
730.00
299.00
297.00
518.00
434.90
8127.00
961.70
3738 00
0.62
88.15
50.13
58.94
48.00
138.00
41.10
3.22
3.23
3.14
49.30
52.40
0.43
0.14
13.60
13.50
63.30
19.80
4.31
4.16
816.40
792.00
998.10
985.50
1157.70
1175.20
911.70
855.20
62.90
62.30
Time:
Max
77.00
12.03
3.00
7.79
30.00

111.80
1738.00
1725.00
5.11
589.00
646.00
767.00
639.00
736.00
29900
302.00
527.00
447.30
8372.00
961 70
3837.00
0.62
88.50
53.15
59.10
48.00
141.00
41.79
3.88
3.23
3.14
52.70
58.30
0.43
0.14
13.60
13.50
64.70
20.30
4.31
416
830.30
860.00
998.10
1077.20
1232.00
1320.70
944.10
933.70
65.40
65.10
12:56:17
STDV
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.96

0.65
9.01
6.41
0.04
0.44
1.10
1.34
1.15
1.19
0.00
1.45
2.41
2.54
46.47
000
19.46
000
008
0.56
0.03
0.00
0.87
0.25
0.04
0.00
000
072
1 11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.43
0.21
0.00
0.00
306
16.02
0.00
20.88
14.57
26.04
14.86
30.82
0.89
1.40
Variance
1.20
0.00
0.00
0.16
3.28

0.59
0.53
0.38
0.79
007
0.17
0.17
0.18
016
0.00
048
0.46
0.57
056
0.00
0.51
000
009
1.08
0.05
0.00
0.63
061
1.03
0.00
0.00
1 42
2.04
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.66
1.07
0.00
0.00
0.37
1.95
000
2.04
1.22
2 12
1.61
3.36
140
2.19

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Baseline 440BHP 7.5/2.5
Data Point Number: 033099-Baseline
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
.4BTDC PCC
Date:
Average
16.60
7723.54
9119.87
134.00
140.61
121.03
133.87
157.01
164.95
142.00
155.00
27.59
0.45
0.14
11.63
11.83
5.21
5.18
502.12
487.26
500.84
494.15
21.66
18.93
24.74
23.49
18.18
18.60
18.31
1883
1.41
1.28
1.40
154
30099
274.02
308.84
28641
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.32
0.72
1.83
0.99
41.69
25.00
12000
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
03/30/99
Min
16.52
7669.00
9080.00
134.00
140.00
121.00
133.00
153.00
162.00
142.00
155.00
25.00
0.45
0.14
11.63
11.77
5.21
5 11
498.60
482.50
49760
489.00
1626
12.73
18.37
17.98
17.98
18.29
1810
18.56
1.11
0.92
1.21
1.16
30030
273.50
306.80
285.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.09
0.68
1.38
0.75
41.30
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
Time:
Max
16.69
7789.00
9240.00
134.00
143.00
123.00
135.00
160.00
168.00
142.00
155,00
30.00
0.45
0.14
11,63
12.35
5.21
5.69
504.40
49070
503.80
498.30
26.48
22.53
27.92
29.60
18.65
18.75
18.55
19.27
1.69
1.48
1.62
2.01
301.20
274.10
312.90
286.60
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
1.54
0.86
2.18
1.24
42.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
12:56:17
STDV
0.03
23.78
42.18
0.00
0.73
0.23
0.99
1 30
1.54
0.00
0.00
1.39
0.00
000
0.00
0.12
0.00
0 18
1.94
2.41
1.74
2.51
2.91
3.15
2.70
395
0.18
013
0.14
0.25
0.19
0.18
0.12
0.28
0.25
0.19
1.96
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.05
0.22
0.14
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Variance
0.21
0.31
0.46
0.00
052
0.19
074
0.83
0.93
0.00
0.00
5.05
0.00
000
0.00
1.04
0.00
3.49
039
0.49
0.35
0.51
1342
16.67
10.93
1682
0.98
0.70
0.77
1.32
13.18
1427
890
18.06
0.08
007
0.63
0.07
000
0.00
0.00
000
9.73
6.94
12.14
14.37
0.36
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Baseline 440 bhp 7.75/2.75
Data Point Number: 033199-baseline
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
.4btdc pec
Date:
Average
62.54
12.01
17.00
7.75
29.11
0.01497
110.01
1734.21
1717.18
5.00
589.55
642.27
775.51
624.85
741.40
300.00
29943
51849
441.06
8249.01
965.10
3770.73
0.62
7728
4959
59.37
49.00
127.27
42.08
3.64
0.12
0.03
11.31
1259
488
5.36
13.30
13.40
72.63
21.57
4.44
4.13
788.82
872.35
997.60
1099.31
1178.18
1174.65
815.64
825.79
60.38
68.48
03/31/99
Min
60.00
12.01
17.00
7.73
28.00

10860
1707.00
1701.00
4.92
589.00
641.00
774.00
623.00
73900
30000
29700
515.00
435.80
8130.00
965.10
3734.00
062
77.19
4862
59.30
49.00
127.00
42.00
3.64
012
003
11 31
12.59
4.88
5.36
13.30
13.40
71.70
20.80
4.44
4.13
782.70
853.40
997.60
1074.70
1142.50
1125.10
807.00
818.80
55.20
66.20
Time:
Max
65.00
12.01
17.00
7.79
30.00

111.60
1760.00
1733.00
5.09
591.00
647.00
779.00
62700
745.00
300.00
302.00
525.00
447.50
8362.00
965.10
3810.00
062
77.36
50.82
59.44
49.00
129.00
42.70
3.64
0 12
0.03
11.31
12.59
4.88
5.36
13.30
13.40
73.50
22.10
4.44
4.13
795.60
877.50
997.60
1102.00
1220.70
1255.80
839.90
859.90
62.40
71.50
12:07:50
STDV
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.01
1.00

0.56
8.99
5.78
0.04
0.89
1.63
1.02
0.76
1.25
0.00
1 49
367
2.29
54.02
000
15.78
0.00
003
043
0.03
000
068
0.17
000
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.49
0.26
0.00
0.00
1.59
4.49
0.00
5.62
19.36
27.04
13.91
14.72
3.24
2.63
Variance
1.42
0.00
0.00
0.19
3.42

051
0.52
0.34
0.71
0.15
0.25
0.13
0.12
0 17
0.00
0.50
071
0.52
0.65
0.00
0.42
0.00
004
087
0.05
0.00
0.54
0 39
000
000
0.00
0.00
000
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.67
1.20
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.51
0.00
0.51
1.64
2.30
1.71
1.78
5.36
3.84

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Enaines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Baseline 440 bhp 7.75/2.75
Data Point Number: 033199-baseline
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
.4btdc pec
Date:
Average
16.60
7722.99
9091.60
12140
12568
108.77
119.00
155.00
164.01
142.13
154.96
26.59
0.14
023
11 13
12.27
5.02
5,19
504.67
49606
49670
498.49
2346
20.56
24.52
27.76
18.03
1851
18.19
1897
1.32
1.35
1.30
1.70
299.62
272.86
303.68
28538
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.20
0.75
1.52
1.06
42.25
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
24.90
120.00
25.00
12000
03/31/99
Win
16.53
7677.00
9030.00
121.00
124.00
107.00
119.00
155.00
164.00
141.00
153.00
23.00
0.14
0.23
11.13
12.27
5.02
5.19
500.30
490.20
490.30
492.80
1859
15.55
20.99
21.05
17.72
18.22
17.93
18.60
1.13
1.02
1.06
1 44
29910
272.40
303.20
284.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.62
1 37
0.91
42.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
24.90
120.00
25.00
120.00
Time:
Max
16.65
7762.00
9200.00
123.00
127.00
109.00
119.00
155.00
166.00
144.00
157.00
29.00
0.14
0.23
11 13
12.27
5.02
5.19
510.90
500.00
499.80
503.00
30.73
30.29
28.33
35.28
18.42
18.94
18.79
19.35
1.73
2.08
1.58
2.14
300.10
273.20
304.00
285.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.46
1.09
1.75
1.30
42.60
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
24.90
120.00
25.00
120.00
12:07:50
STDV
0.02
15.69
61.07
0.80
0.58
0.64
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.57
0.32
1.50
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.19
2.98
3.02
2.50
3.24
4.47
2.17
4.00
0.17
0.24
0.27
0.23
0.19
0.29
0.19
0.22
0.31
0.27
0.28
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Variance
0.13
0.20
0.67
0.66
0.46
0.58
0.00
000
0.07
0.40
0.21
5.63
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
000
0.00
063
0.60
0.61
0.50
13.81
21.74
8.86
1441
0.96
1.30
1.47
1.19
14.17
21.11
14.52
13.12
0.10
0.10
009
0 10
#DIWO!
#DlV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
12.53
17.36
7.28
11.03
0.27
000
000
000
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Baseline - 440BHP 300RPM 7.75/2.75
Data Point Number: 040199-Baseline
  Description                          Average
0.4BTDC PCC A/F42.4 CAT599/590
     Date:  04/01/99      Time:  15:34:52
    Min       Max      STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
C02 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
39.74
12.03
56.63
7.74
29.56
0.01532
110.30
1767.66
1652.75
4.97
590.98
636.64
787.87
631.75
745.59
299.00
299.41
519.49
442.74
8462.64
982.20
3814.88
0.64
6001
5027
5958
51.00
114.19
4240
374
0.50
000
11.26
12.63
5.35
5.43
13.60
13.70
79.94
25.81
4.09
4.10
789.84
878.70
995.80
1098.01
1178.89
1189.51
831 .46
877.46
31.40
35.49
38.00
12.03
55.00
7.73
29.00

108.10
1748.00
1633.00
4.94
589.00
634.00
786.00
629.00
741 00
299.00
297.00
518.00
43840
8349.00
982.20
3782.00
0.64
59.87
49.35
59.50
51.00
113.00
42.29
3.74
0.50
0.00
11.26
12.63
5.35
5.43
1360
1370
78.90
24.00
4.09
4.10
788.30
867.20
995.80
1083.80
1149.40
1140.10
807.00
872.80
31.40
31.70
42.00
12.03
57.00
111
31.00

112.30
1791.00
1670.00
5.00
591.00
640.00
790.00
635.00
749.00
299.00
30200
52500
447.40
8575.00
982.20
3848 00
0.64
60.18
51.11
59.65
51.00
11500
43.00
3.74
0.50
0.00
11.26
12.63
5.35
5.43
13.60
13.70
81 40
28.80
4.09
4.10
794.70
884.80
995.80
1100.80
1228.30
1286.50
869.70
891.90
31.40
37.30
0.81
0.00
0.78
0.01
0.90

0.77
8.14
6.65
0.01
0.20
1.80
1.50
1.33
1 96
0.00
1.52
2.55
2.18
52.13
0.00
13.93
0.00
0.08
0.38
0.03
0.00
0.98
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.74
0.75
0.00
0.00
2.74
3.55
0.00
4.53
14.56
22.13
29.84
8.21
0.00
2.62
2.03
0.00
1 37
0.12
3.04

0.70
0.46
0.40
0.29
0.03
028
0.19
0.21
0.26
000
0.51
0.49
0.49
0.62
0.00
0.37
000
0.13
0.75
0.05
0.00
0.86
0.12
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.93
2.90
0.00
0.00
0.35
0.40
0.00
0.41
1.24
1 86
3.59
0.94
0.00
7.39

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Baseline - 440BHP 300RPM 7.75/2.75
Data Point Number: 040199-Baseline
  Description                           Average
0.4BTDC PCC A/F42.4 CAT599/590
     Date:  04/01/99       Time:   15:34.52
    Win      Max      STDV    Variance
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
1664
7750.63
9098.40
114.49
119.97
89.41
102.76
155.02
164.89
142.00
154.46
3247
0 18
0.01
11.77
12.78
537
5.55
49834
49559
49762
492 12
23.28
21.18
22.32
2621
1832
18.82
18.36
1947
1.33
1.46
1.30
1.77
303.11
276.86
307.48
289.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.04
0.80
1.49
1.03
45.70
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.59
7721.00
9060.00
113.00
118.00
88.00
101.00
155.00
163.00
142.00
154.00
30.00
0.18
0.01
11.77
12.78
5.37
5.55
495.10
492.80
494.90
487.80
18.21
16.02
19.60
20.67
18.13
18.62
17.95
19.20
1.09
1.27
1.10
1.58
302.50
276.50
306.90
288.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.90
0.63
1.20
0.91
45.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.68
7779.00
9200.00
115.00
12000
91.00
103.00
157.00
165.00
142.00
156.00
35.00
0.18
0.01
11.77
12.78
5.37
5.55
501.60
49840
503 10
497.00
28.22
28.42
28.40
35.80
18.64
19.27
18.75
19.86
1.58
1.74
1.46
2.69
303.40
277.00
307.80
289.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.29
1.02
1.70
1.49
46.60
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
9.71
50.91
0.87
0.23
0.64
065
0.20
0.46
0.00
0.84
1.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
1.67
1.93
1.88
261
3.43
3.82
2.32
3.33
0.15
0.20
0.23
0.23
0.16
0.15
0.10
0.17
0.29
0.20
0.28
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.10
0.14
0.09
0.47
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.13
0.56
076
0.19
0.72
0.63
0.13
0.28
0.00
055
3.79
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.34
0.39
0.38
0.53
14.74
1805
10.37
12.72
0.83
1.04
1.23
1.17
11.93
10.47
7.59
9.76
0.10
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.39
13.05
9.32
8.67
1.03
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Baseline - 440BHP 300RPM 0.4BTDC 7.75/2.75 PCC CAT587/580
Data Point Number: 040299-Baseline Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Description Average Win Max STDV
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ib^/ib*)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
29.04
12.02
65.00
775
29.00
0.01481
109.81
1801.47
1681.32
499
586.91
634.55
763.63
63786
730.06
300.15
300.44
519.90
44232
8129.10
928.50
3872.92
0.60
67.59
49.75
59.61
51.49
120.58
42.55
3.86
0.51
0.00
11.48
11 72
5.20
5 11
1360
13.70
73.03
30.64
4.03
4.02
792.87
792.89
985.64
987.66
1148.56
1178.89
870.01
852.14
38.44
3643
27.00
12.02
. 65.00
7.73
29.00

107.90
1778.00
1663.00
495
584.00
631.00
75900
635.00
72700
299.00
297.00
51500
437.50
8028.00
928.50
3839.00
0.60
67.34
48.69
59.56
50.00
119.00
4240
3.86
0.51
0.00
11 48
11 36
5.20
5 11
13.60
13.70
72.10
30.20
4.03
4.02
777.00
764.00
966.80
950.80
1097.20
1111.40
855.10
841.70
38.00
35.90
31.00
12.02
65.00
7.79
29.00

112.30
1819.00
1700.00
5.02
588.00
637.00
768.00
642.00
733.00
301.00
304.00
52300
447.60
8237.00
928.50
3910.00
0.60
67.89
50.83
59.67
52.00
121.00
43.00
386
0.51
0.00
11.48
11.91
5.20
5.11
1360
1370
73.70
31.10
4.03
4.02
815.40
813.40
1015.00
1014.00
1190.70
1238.70
949.80
861.80
39.20
41.30
0.90
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.00

0.64
7.89
6.90
0.02
1.01
1.59
2.13
2.01
1.70
0.99
1.79
355
2.42
46.30
000
17.09
0.00
0.16
0.44
0.02
0.87
082
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.62
0.28
0.00
0.00
9.20
11.47
11.37
14.49
20.14
27.44
33.13
9.49
0.58
1.34
23:15:55
Variance
3.11
0.00
0.00
022
0.00

0.58
0.44
0.41
0.34
0.17
0.25
0.28
0.31
0.23
0.33
0.60
0.68
0.55
0.57
0.00
044
0.00
0.23
0.88
004
1.69
0.68
0.59
0.00
000
. 0.00
0.00
2.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.85
0.90
0.00
0.00
1.16
1.45
1.15
1.47
1.75
2.33
3.81
1.11
1.51
3.67

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Baseline - 440BHP 300RPM 0.4BTDC 7.75/2.75 PCC CAT587/580
Data Point Number: 040299-Baseline
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
Average
16.60
7724.20
9075.17
112.00
117.03
81.91
94.00
155.05
164.00
142.06
154.99
30.78
0.50
0.00
11.27
11.14
4.91
4.89
49870
484.06
507.82
48345
23.68
19.13
25.06
26.85
18.51
19.07
18.30
1952
1.20
1.28
1.35
1.94
302.69
275.51
306.77
288.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.30
0.67
1.61
1.07
50.98
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
Date:
Min
16.55
7687.00
9000.00
112.00
117.00
80.00
94.00
155.00
164.00
142.00
153.00
2900
0.50
0.00
11.01
11.10
491
4.90
493.70
480.70
502.00
477.20
17.08
16.50
20.70
20.20
18.20
18.64
17.93
19.06
0.92
1.05
1.02
1.34
302.20
27480
305.80
287.50
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.10
0.53
1.21
0.78
43.30
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
04/02/99
Max
16.65
7759.00
9130.00
112.00
119.00
83.00
94.00
157.00
164.00
144.00
155.00
34.00
0.50
0.00
11.53
11.69
491
4.90
501.90
487.80
512.00
490.70
2803
24.16
32.16
37.31
18.94
19.47
18.77
19.99
1.50
1.61
1.72
3.59
303.40
276.40
307.70
289.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.72
0.81
1.96
2.02
71.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
Time:
STDV
0.02
12.62
49.05
0.00
0.23
0.56
0.00
0.30
0.00
0.34
0 16
1.46
0.00
000
0.26
0.15
000
0.00
2.73
2.27
3 17
4.10
2.76
2.47
3.48
4.97
0.18
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.63
0.48
061
0.52
0.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.19
0.10
0.19
0.34
9.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
23:15:55
Variance
0.11
0.16
0.54
0.00
0.20
0.68
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.24
0.11
4.75
0.00
0.00
2.32
1.33
0.00
0.00
055
0.47
0.62
0.85
11.63
12.94
1387
18.49
0.97
1.26
1.35
1.34
12.37
13.57
13.87
32.54
0 16
022
0 17
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
14.32
14.33
11.67
31.86
18.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
                                                              COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                      APPENDIX C


                                       QC CHECK
Emissions Testing                                                        Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 1a - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Runla
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ibw/lb*)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE f'H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE fH2O)
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S NOx (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
C02 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
1.8BTDC13.
Average
66.39
12.01
11.81
13.26
31.91
0.01457
111.39
2018.57
1990.00
10.20
556.53
588.40
716.50
599.69
674.45
300.00
299.52
528.62
440.93
8037.38
964.90
3672.83
0.62
7935
47.22
5939
46.59
127.97
4952
4.16
0.71
0.03
1.79
1.95
4.82
5.22
1460
14.70
88.32
26.85
3.57
3.43
106.43
110.00
112.34
116.06
956.99
975.10
736.07
682.14
51.19
58.42
.28/3.04 PCC
Date:
Min
65.00
12.01
11.00
13.20
30.00

109.50
2001.00
197400
10.10
555.00
583.00
715.00
59700
673.00
300.00
297.00
528.00
436.30
7928.00
964.90
3631.00
0.62
79.16
46.41
59.31
45.00
126.00
48.90
4.16
0.71
0.03
1.79
1.95
4.82
5.22
14.60
14.70
86.80
26.00
3.57
3.43
102.50
102.10
108.40
107.50
931.40
930.60
682.70
675.10
48.20
57.20
CAT56CV554
03/31/99
Max
68.00
12.01
13.00
13.31
34.00

113.20
2038.00
2004.00
10.29
559.00
591 00
721.00
603.00
677.00
300.00
302.00
530.00
446.80
8157.00
964.90
3708.00
0.62
7951
48.26
59.46
47.00
130.00
4979
4.16
0.71
003
1.79
1.95
4.82
5.22
14.60
14.70
9000
27.80
3.57
343
111.20
122.40
117.40
128.90
980.20
1007.20
744.80
736.70
56.90
59.90
Time:
STDV
0.75
0.00
0.98
0.02
0.82

0.66
7.65
576
0.04
0.56
1 30
1.54
1 20
0.91
000
1.52
0.93
2.39
49.22
0.00
14.83
0.00
0.09
0.38
0.03
0.81
0.40
034
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.81
0.40
0.00
0.00
2.72
3.88
2.74
4.06
10.83
15.27
21.57
16.75
4.14
1.35
13:19:42
Variance
1.13
0.00
8.33
0.12
2.57

0.59
0.38
0.29
0.41
010
022
0.22
020
0.14
0.00
051
0.18
0.54
0.61
0.00
0.40
0.00
012
0.81
0.06
1.73
0.32
0.69
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.92
1 49
0.00
0.00
2.55
353
2.44
3.50
1.13
1.57
2.93
2.46
8.08
2.30

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 1a - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Runla
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
1.8BTDC
Average
16.59
7719.82
9264.37
125.00
130.95
111 88
122.29
155.99
16496
141.19
152.99
2910
0.72
0.23
1.80
1.89
481
503
49932
506.59
509.22
515.63
28.49
24.87
31.51
22.40
1961
19.00
1978
1860
1.65
1 40
1.71
1.37
351.00
319.62
356.56
332.97
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.36
0.79
1.61
0.88
40.81
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
1 3.28/3.04 PCC
Date:
Min
16.55
7688.00
9250.00
125.00
130.00
111 00
122.00
154.00
16300
140.00
151 00
28.00
0.72
0.23
1.80
1 89
4.81
5.03
492.50
504.60
504.70
511.30
21.93
20.83
26.71
18.71
19.43
18.86
19.43
18.32
1.39
1 14
1.43
1.04
350.90
319.60
356.30
332.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.10
0.64
1.41
0.76
40.70
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
CAT560/554
03/31/99
Max
16.66
7766.00
9290.00
125.00
132.00
114.00
124.00
156.00
165.00
143.00
153.00
32.00
0.72
023
1.80
1 89
4.81
5.03
503.20
509.70
516.10
519.50
32.94
31.44
3991
31.13
19.86
19.17
20.09
18.89
1.89
1.65
2.00
1.84
351.40
319.80
356.80
333.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.55
0.94
1.78
1.00
40.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
Time:
STDV
0.02
15.36
13.93
0.00
1.00
072
0.71
0.16
028
0.61
012
'1.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
2.83
1.81
3.35
267
3.29
3.27
3.28
3.78
0.12
0.10
0.17
0.16
0.12
0 16
0.19
0.25
011
0.06
0.14
0.10
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.09
0.13
0.08
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
13:19-42
Variance
0.13
0.20
0.15
0.00
0.76
064
0.58
0.10
0.17
0.43
008
4.37
0.00
000
0.00
000
000
000
057
0.36
0.66
052
11.56
13.14
10.41
1689
0.61
0.54
085
0.87
7.51
11.21
10.84
1800
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
000
000
0.00
0.00
9.81
11.42
8.17
944
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00

-------
Colorado State University: Enaines and Enerav Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run2-7 - 300BHP 300RPM 7.75/2.75 4.4BTDC PCC
Data Point Number: 0401 99-QCcheck-Run2-7 Date:
Description Average Min
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%) Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm). Post-Catalyst
41.26
12.03
47.83
7.74
28.80
0.01435
108.98
1826.38
1709.82
4.99
481.71
504.23
623.72
531.99
57490
299.00
299.45
38502
301.66
9080.53
96490
2838.63
062
59.98
26.56
60.63
30.41
112.84
58.48
3.19
2.25
075
0.33
0.00
11.75
12.57
15.80
1580
226.30
68.81
2.93
2.83
8.10
8.08
700
6.98
1777.40
1819.60
1321.55
1157.45
110.84
104.56
39.00
12.03
47.00
7.72
27.00

107.20
1805.00
1690.00
4.87
481.00
502.00
622.00
529.00
572.00
299.00
296.00
383.00
296.90
8746.00
964.90
2758.00
0.62
5986
2523
60.51
30.00
111 00
58.10
3.19
2.25
0.75
0.33
0.00
11.08
11.74
15.80
15.80
222.40
64.30
2.93
2.83
8.10
7.30
7.00
6.30
1712.60
1736.50
1302.80
1123.90
110.70
94.00
A/F58 CAT482/480
04/01/99 Time:
Max STDV
43.00
12.03
49.00
7.75
29.00

110.20
1850.00
1732.00
5.04
483.00
506.00
626.00
535.00
578.00
29900
303.00
391 .00
305.50
9619.00
96490
2991.00
062
6012
2961
60.70
33.00
11300
59.50
3.19
2.25
0.75
0.33
0.00
12.38
13.88
15.80
15.80
230.80
71.00
2.93
2.83
8.10
10.20
7.00
8.70
1889.80
2036.20
1335.30
1202.80
112.10
106.20
0.94
0.00
0.99
0.01
0.60

059
8.61
6.51
002
0.96
0.90
1.01
1.25
1.45
0.00
1.47
303
1.55
111.10
0.00
31.30
000
004
0.58
0.03
0.57
0.54
037
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.37
052
0.00
0.00
2.16
1.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.46
0.00
0.38
40.37
57.25
16.08
38.27
043
3.41
13:19:47
Variance
2.28
0.00
206
0 19
2.09

0.54
0.47
038
0.31
020
0.18
0.16
024
0.25
000
0.49
079
052
1.22
0.00
1 10
0.00
007
2 19
0.04
1.87
048
0.63
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
315
4.14
0.00
0.00
0.95
1 71
0.00
000
000
5.65
0.00
541
2.27
3.15
1.22
3.31
0.39
3.26

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run2-7 - 300BHP 300RPM 7.75/2.75 4.4BTDC PCC
Data Point Number. 040199-QCcheck-Run2-7 Date:
Description Average Min
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
13.03
5281.36
6756.77
107.83
114.31
77.70
89.01
157.15
164.01
14306
151.58
33.03
1.68
0.53
0.22
0.35
8.31
8.63
378.15
375.75
381.84
384.00
35.89
31.56
36.72
26.34
17.78
19.39
18.80
18.52
4.02
2.81
490
2.18
301.96
274.21
307.49
286.56
0.00
0.00
0.27
0.00
3.74
1.61
4.00
1.46
37.38
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
12.99
5258.00
6730.00
107.00
11300
77.00
89.00
157.00
16300
143.00
151.00
31.00
1.68
053
0.22
0.35
7.81
8.35
373.10
371.10
376.60
377.70
30.88
2483
28.26
20.60
17.17
18.85
17.72
18.10
2.08
1.82
3.23
1.44
301.40
273.80
307.10
286.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.10
0.94
2.37
1.28
37.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
A/F58 CAT482/480
04/01/99 Time:
Max STDV
13.07
5307.00
6860.00
110.00
116.00
79.00
91.00
159.00
166.00
145.00
15300
36.00
1.68
0.53
0.22
0.35
8.52
9.61
385.60
381.50
387.00
391.80
42.48
36.25
43.45
3987
18.49
1987
1979
18.80
5.24
3.67
6.69
4.16
302.30
274.40
307.70
286.70
0.00
0.00
1.35
0.00
5.01
2.74
8.31
1.90
38.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
10.22
48.57
0.60
0.85
0.96
0.16
0.52
0.24
0.34
0.91
1.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.24
032
3.62
3.29
3.20
3.24
3.11
3.88
4.85
5.18
0.39
0.27
0.65
0.21
1.14
0.74
0.98
0.77
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.16
0.00
0.00
0.54
0.00
0.55
0.45
2.17
0.13
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
13:19:47
Variance
0.11
0.19
0.72
0.56
0.75
1.23
0.18
0.33
0.15
0.24
060
4.21
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
2.88
3.68
0.96
0.88
084
0.84
8.67
12.31
13.19
1967
2.19
1 38
3.46
1.11
28.38
26.23
19.99
3555
0.09
0.08
0 07
0.06
0.00
0.00
198.27
0.00
14.65
27.77
54.17
9.01
0.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run3 - 270BHP 270RPM
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run3
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
02 (%). Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)' Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm). Post-Catalyst
6.8/2.5 3.9BTDC PCC A/F62
Date: 04/01/99
Average Min
40.42
12.03
52.03
6.80
28.37
0.01502
11003
1766.70
1625.44
4.30
450.33
459.44
580.11
48749
544.37
26900
269.42
34468
271.91
8922.25
96490
2513.80
062
61.30
2080
6087
24.16
117.01
6298
3.11
2.11
0.82
0.33
0.08
13.41
14 33
1600
16.60
199.90
72.44
2.62
2.15
8.80
8.74
7.00
6.91
1904.82
1965.79
1335.08
891.93
98.17
90.33
39.00
12.03
51.00
6.75
27.00

108.40
1744.00
1606.00
4.15
448.00
457.00
579.00
48600
543.00
26900
266.00
342.00
268.00
8603.00
964.90
2426.00
0.62
61.18
19.12
60.79
24.00
117.00
61.60
3.11
2.11
0.82
0.33
0.08
12.92
13.38
16.00
16.60
199.90
69.80
2.62
2.15
8.80
7.90
7.00
6.30
1854.60
1884.90
1302.80
891.90
86.90
90.00
CAT452/447
Time:
Max
43.00
12.03
53.00
6.83
29.00

111.80
1794.00
1640.00
4.35
452.00
461.00
582.00
488.00
547.00
269.00
273.00
349.00
276.00
9557.00
964.90
2653.00
0.62
61.47
22.60
60.95
26.00
119.00
63.10
3.11
2.11
0.82
0.33
0.08
14.26
15.18
16.00
16.60
199.90 -
75.50
2.62
2.15
8.80
10.40
7.00
8.20
1973.50
2097.70
1396.90
893.10
100.70
91.20
11:35:14
STDV
0.88
0.00
1.00
0.01
093

0.67
8.96
6.15
0.03
0.77
1.10
0.99
0.88
1.03
0.00
1.55
277
1.74
118.95
0.00
32.60
0.00
0.06
0.54
0.02
0.54
0.12
0.17
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.30
0.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.43
0.00
0.33
28.25
42.18
44.72
0.18
5.34
0.54
Variance
2.18
0.00
1.92
0.22
3.28

0.61
0.51
0.38
0.64
0.17
0.24
017
0.18
0.19
0.00
0.57
0.80
064
1.33
000
1 30
0.00
0.10
2.62
004
2.25
0.10
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.27
2.48
000
0.00
0.00
1.52
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.92
0.00
4.83
148
2.15
3.35
0.02
544
0.59

-------
Test Description: Run3 - 270BHP 270RPM
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run3
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Posl-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
6.8/2.5 3.9BTDC PCC A/F62
Date: 04/01/99
Average Min
13.04
5289.81
6714.53
103.96
11001
7574
85.31
157.87
164.08
144.98
152.87
29.08
1.11
0.58
0.22
0.35
8.58
9.01
388.58
382.84
379.10
391.96
37.97
27.33
41.49
26.00
17.37
18.69
18.45
17.92
2.60
1.72
3.96
1.71
290.23
264.51
294.38
27671
0.00
0.00
1.51
0.00
3.95
1.36
3.55
1.48
36.25
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
13.01
5256.00
6660.00
102.00
108.00
74.00
85.00
157.00
163.00
143.00
151.00
27.00
1 11
058
0.22
0.35
8.58
8.39
380.90
37690
372.30
387.40
29.39
23.91
34.99
19.17
16.54
18.24
16.96
17.40
1.55
1.36
1.83
1.35
289.80
264.00
293.90
276.10
0.00
0.00
1.51
0.00
3.06
1.07
2.64
1.03
36.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
!»%.• uiwn i
CAT452/447
Time:
Max
13.07
5313.00
6800.00
104.00
112.00
77.00
87.00
159.00
166.00
145.00
153.00
32.00
1.11
0.58
0.22
0.35
8.58
943
39430
389.10
388.10
396.10
47.01
30.62
48.95
31.28
18.18
19.30
19.57
18.53
4.20 '
2.22
6.14
3.10
290.60
265.00
295.10
277.20
0.00
0.00
1.51
0.00
5.86
1.79
5.59
2.44
36.50
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
-HU»-.l CJI'
11:35:14
STDV
0.01
8.14
52.01
0.28
0.26
0.56
0.72
0.99
0.66
0.20
0.49
1.29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.22
3.82
3.94
4.67
240
5.40
2.21
470
3.62
0.46
0.35
0.85
0.29
0.86
0.23
1.23
0.49
0.25
0.30
0.33
0.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.86
0.19
0.89
0.38
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
SilJL
Variance
0.09
015
0.77
0.27
0.24
0.74
0.85
0.63
0.40
0.14
0.32
4.43
0.00
000
000
0.00
0.00
244
0.98
1.03
1 23
061
14.22
8.07
11.32
13.93
2.65
1 85
4.60
1.61
32.99
1335
3098
28.70
0.08
0.12
0.11
0.12
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
21.72
14.24
24.98
26.00
0.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State U   rersity: Engines and Energy CoK  rsion Laboratory
Test Description: Run4 QC check - 110%trq 270RPM 1.3BTDC 8/2.55
Data Point Number: 040299-Run4 qc check Date:
Description Average Min
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lb/0
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
C02 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
33.73
12.04
57.80
8.01
29.00
0.01493
110.39
1788.48
1636.27
5.44
515.97
549.70
679.94
552.97
627.57
270.00
269.60
446.65
375.68
8276.33
947.90
3280.28
0.61
60.54
34.90
60.34
41.00
114.45
50.49
3.27
0.51
0.13
4.22
4.45
7.49
7.98
14.90
14.70
78.30
28.91
3.42
3.25
290.72
298.48
302.23
306.60
1472.86
1486.82
1143.99
1002.76
45.20
49.07
31.00
12.04
57.00
7.99
29.00

108.60
1767.00
1622.00
5.39
514.00
548.00
678.00
551.00
626.00
270.00
267.00
442.00
372.50
8120.00
947.90
3239.00
061
60.28
33.96
60.27
41.00
113.00
50.29
327
051
0.13
3.72
4 45
7.41
766
14.90
1470
78.10
28.60
3.42
3.25
285.70
286.10
297.30
293.40
1419.10
1400.30
1136.90
959.00
45.20
43.50
PCC CAT524/517
04/02/99 Time:
Max STDV
36.00
12.04
59.00
8.04
29.00

112.10
1810.00
1653.00
5.47
518.00
552.00
682.00
555.00
630.00
270.00
272.00
450.00
380.10
8442.00
947.90
3324.00
061
60.87
35.76
6040
41 00
116.00
51.29
3.27
0.51
0.13
4.23
4.45
8.03
8.34
14.90
14.70
78.60
29.20
3.42
3.25
294.90
315.10
306.40
324.50
1530.90
1577.60
1202.50
1057.40
45.20
5040
0.79
0.00
0.98
0.01
0.00

0.71
7.93
6.13
0.01
0.28
1.15
0.96
0.95
1.04
000
1.55
3.00
2.16
57.26
0.00
14.98
0.00
0.14
0.35
0.02
0.00
070
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.00
0.20
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.00
0.00
2.50
5.20
2.46
5.47
21.82
33.51
' 19.91
48.35
0.00
270
J
11:12:30
Variance
2.34
0.00
1.70
0.09
0.00

0.64
0.44
0.37
0.23
0.05
0.21
0.14
0.17
0.17
0.00
0.57
0.67
058
0.69
0.00
0.46
0.00
023
1.00
0.04
0.00
0.61
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.55
0.00
2.71
3.41
0.00
0.00
0.31
0.85
0.00
0.00
0.86
1.74
0.81
1.78
1.48
2.25
1.74
4.82
000
5.51

-------
Colorado State I/'  /ersitv: Engines and Energy COE   rsion Laboratory
Test Description: Run4 QC check - 110%trq 270RPM 1.3BTDC 8/2.55
Data Point Number: 040299-Run4 qc check Date:
Description Average Win
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.00
7313.75
8697.97
98.02
101.00
75.40
85.99
157.56
165.01
143.33
154.57
26.67
0.57
0.00
3.41
380
6.29
6.50
502.11
49855
504.23
498.64
22.66
18.08
26.50
19.11
17.26
17.13
17.39
17.20
1.15
1.10
1.39
1.16
305.52
279.34
309.73
293.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.58
0.70
1.61
0.78
38.96
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
15.97
7293.00
8620.00
98.00
101.00
74.00
84.00
156.00
165.00
143.00
153.00
24.00
0.57
0.00
3.42
3.80
6.15
6.50
49850
494.10
500.60
494.50
18.61
13.69
21.48
15.31
17.01
16.72
17.13
16.74
085
0.87
1.10
0.92
305.20
278.90
308.60
292.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.19
0.56
1.41
0.67
38.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
PCC CAT524/517
04/02/99 Time:
Max STDV
16.03
7329.00
8760.00
100.00
101.00
77.00
86.00
159.00
167.00
145.00
155.00
29.00
0.57
0.00
3.42
3.80
6.66
6.50
505.60
500.80
507.40
503.10
27.02
23.02
29.46
27.58
17.53
17.43
17.71
17.59
1.38
1.50
1.61
1.39
305.80
279.70
310.40
293.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.95
0.85
1.73
0.89
39.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
7.43
57.92
0.20
0.00
0.66
0.12
0.79
0.16
0.74
0.83
1.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
.0.23
0.00
2.06
2.04
2.24
2.76
281
2.73
2.41
3.43
0.16
0.19
0.16
0.28
0.17
017
0.18
0.17
0.25
0.27
0.46
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.08
0.10
0.07
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11:12:30
Variance
0.06
0.10
0.67
0.20
0.00
088
0.13
0.50
0.10
0.52
0.53
4.65
000
0.00
000
0.00
3.65
0.00
041
0.41
0.44
0.55
12.40
15.09
9.10
17.95
0.94
1.12
0 94
1.65
14.48
15.34
13.27
14.46
0.08
0.10
0.15
0.12
0.00
0.00
Q.OO
0.00
12.62
12.11
6.03
8.33
0.20
000
000
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
 Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 5 - 440BHP 300RPM 2.8BTDC 15.09/3.39 A/F54 CAT539/534 PCC
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run5
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY <%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE fHg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/ib/0
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
02 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%)• Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Average
67.69
12.01
11.00
15.08
35.35
0.01526
111 06
2167.41
2116.34
11.70
537.01
556.97
681.25
566.77
637.84
300.00
299.47
521.65
441.41
8001.33
964.90
3660.38
0.62
8281
47.23
5935
4505
129.66
54.01
461
0.78
000
0.91
0.99
5.65
6.28
15.10
15.20
113.86
37.22
3.51
3.39
41.69
46.09
40.26
44.77
1029.49
1070.77
808.26
880.38
57.70
87.16
Date:
Min
66.00
12.01
11.00
15.06
34.00

109.50
2138.00
2102.00
11.55
537.00
554.00
677.00
565.00
636.00
300.00
297.00
520.00
432 10
7878.00
964.90
3621.00
062
82.67
46.10
59.28
45.00
128.00
53.00
4.61
0.78
0.00
0.91
0.99
5.44
6.26
15.10
15.20
11260
35.40
3.51
3.39
40.40
42.90
39.20
41.70
1008.30
1036.70
807.00
879.20
57.70
85.60
03/31/99
Max
70.00
12.01
11.00
15.13
3600

112.80
2187.00
2131 00
11.82
539.00
560.00
684.00
569.00
640.00
300.00
302.00
530.00
446.50
8312.00
964.90
3725 00
0.62
8292
49.49
59.40
47.00
131.00
54.10
4.61
0.78
0.00
0.91
0.99
5.97
6.79
15.10
15.20
115.60
39.10
3.51
3.39
43.90
54.60
42.30
52.90
1107.10
1235.20
869 10
880.40
5770
68.30
Time:
STDV
0.87
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.94

0.60
9.37
5.10
004
016
1.17
1.14
0.91
1 05
0.00
1.55
2.82
2.50
54.95
0.00
15.53
0.00
005
0.42
003
0.32
0.78
012
000
000
0.00
0.00
000
0.26
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.78
0.56
0.00
0.00
0.91
1.78
0.87
1.72
17.12
25.69
6.15
0.14
000
1.34
15:39-00
Variance
1.29
0.00
000
0.10
2.66

0.54
0.43
024
0.33
0.03
0.21
0.17
0.16
0.16
000
0.52
0.54
0.57
0.69
0.00
0.42
000
0.06
088
004
0.72
060
0.23
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
000
4.54
1.43
0.00
0.00
068
1.50
000
0.00
2.19
386
2.16
385
1.66
2.40
076
0.02
0.00
1.53

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 5 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run5
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (tt-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (tt-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pro-Catalyst
CO F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
2.8BTDC 15.
Average
16.60
7724.71
9145.00
130.17
135.99
114.00
125.41
156.19
16494
141.96
152.06
28.69
078
0.23
0.90
095
5.68
6.02
510.02
515.94
505.38
530.29
33.19
27.83
3523
27.18
18.92
18.34
1945
17.80
221
1.51
2.25
1 42
370 17
335.87
375.46
350.16
0.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.72
0.88
2.31
1.02
40.49
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
09/3.39A/F54
Date:
Min
16.52
7673.00
9130.00
130.00
134.00
11400
124.00
156.00
16300
140.00
152.00
27.00
0.78
0.23
0.90
095
5.34
5.99
50270
509.50
497.20
528.20
2920
20.49
26.51
21.45
18.46
18.06
18.87
1764
1 50
1.25
1.43
1 25
369.20
335.20
37470
34950
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.49
078
1.87
0.80
40.30
25.00
120.00
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
CAT539/534
03/31/99
Max
16.67
7774.00
9280.00
132.00
136.00
114.00
127.00
158.00
165.00
14300
154.00
32.00
0.78
023
090
0.95
5.93
6.52
516.50
521.10
516.50
532.00
' 4080
36.52
46.18
31 57
19.64
18,62
1985
18.06
3.89
1.78
4.09
1 60
370.60
336.10
37580
350.30
1.36
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.89
0.99
3.10
1.19
41.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
PCC
Time:
STDV
0.02
16.94
45.08
0.55
0.16
0.00
0.61
059
0.34
0.48
0.34
1.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.29
0.09
4.84
3.01
500
1.41
3.79
4.75
4.40
328
0.33
0.18
0.26
0.14
077
0.16
0.86
0.11
0.40
0.26
026
0.22
0.41
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.73
0.06
0.35
0.12
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
15:39:00
Variance
0.14
0.22
0.49
043
0.12
000
0.49
0.38
0.21
0.34
022
4.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
5.15
1.47
095
0.58
099
027
11.41
1708
12.50
1208
1.76
0.97
1.36
0.78
3475
10.28
36.27
7.69
0.11
008
007
0.06
300.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
10031
6.53
15.10
11.81
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and
Test Description: Run 5 - 440BHP 300RPM 1 .8BTDC 12.
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run6 Date:
Description Average
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg>
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
65.38
12.01
13.00
12.01
28.77
0.01326
110.62
1845.88
1825.79
9.31
566.67
618.14
741.61
614.44
702.93
300.00
299.49
517.50
441 41
7968.41
964.90
3645 07
0.62
83.79
4695
59.31
45.25
134.12
45.61
3.60
0.63
0.00
2.71
2.70
4.23
4.55
14.40
14.20
82.58
28.70
3.88
3.68
209.73
204.18
232.22
233.71
929.06
952.13
717.91
669.17
54.78
56.93
Energy Conversion
01/2.7 A/F54 CAT574/567
03/31/99 Time:
Min Max
63.00
12.01
13.00
11.97
28.00

107.90
1822.00
1782.00
9.21
* 566.00
615.00
738.00
612.00
700.00
300.00
297.00
515.00
436.40
7833 00
964.90
3609.00
0.62
83.71
4599
5919
45.00
134.00
45.29
3.60
0.63
0.00
2.71
2.70
423
4.55
14.40
14.20
81.40
28.00
3.88
3.68
199.20
187.70
220.90
214.10
902.10
913.90
662.00
660.60
53.80
55.90
67.00
12.01
13.00
12.04
30.00

113.00
1874.00
1848.00
937
56800
619.00
744.00
617.00
706.00
300.00
302.00
526.00
446.60
8074.00
964.90
3685.00
0.62
8389
48.07
59.38
47.00
136.00
46.10
3.60
063
000
2.71
2.70
423
4.55
14.40
14.20
83.40
29.00
3.88
3.68
215.00
219.60
238.50
252.10
946.00
984.60
757.00
681.10
54.90
57.20
i Laborat<
17:41:52
STDV
0.80
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.98

0.76
8.78
14.30
0.03
0.94
1.06
1.66
1.50
1.28
0.00
1.50
3.01
2.40
49.39
0.00
14.69
0.00
0.04
0.39
0.04
0.67
0.48
032
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.68
0.30
0.00
0.00
3.83
6.87
4.66
8.23
9.91
15.34
46.26
10.02
0.34
0.53
ajy
Variance
1.22
0.00
0.00
0 12
3.39

0.69
0.48
0.78
0.37
0.17
0.17
0.22
0.24
0.18
000
0.50
0.58
0.54
062
0.00
0.40
000
0.05
0.84
007
1 47
0.35
0.70
000
0.00
000
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.82
1 03
0.00
0.00
1.83
3.36
2.01
3.52
1.07
1.61
6.44
1.50
0.63
0.93

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Enaines and Enerav Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run 5 - 440BHP 300RPM 1 .8BTDC 12.01/2.7 A/F54 CAT574/567
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run6 Date: 03/31/99 Time:
Description Average Min Max
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.60
7729.37
9071.40
132.05
139.59
114.00
124.11
156.73
165.90
142.21
154.02
28.73
028
0.23
2.84
2.61
4.41
4.38
526.05
511.07
524.78
518.13
2425
21.25
29.49
21.41
17.81
17.95
18.06
17.73
1.33
1.29
1.55
1.19
340.86
310.44
346.10
323.62
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.98
0.64
1.51
0.88
40.68
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.55
7691.00
9030.00
132.00
138.00
114.00
124.00
15600
164.00
14000
154.00
27.00
0.28
0.23
2.84
261
4.41
4.38
519.20
50330
519.90
515.40
19.74
14.95
23.79
17.28
1743
17.72
17.78
17.50
1.09
1.04
1.14
1.01
340.10
309.90
345.20
323.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.79
0.48
1.37
0.74
40.50
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.66
7767.00
9220.00
134.00
140.00
114.00
126.00
158.00
166.00
144.00
156.00
32.00
0.28
0.23
2.84
2.61
4.41
4.38
532.40
515.60
532.80
521.00
29.47
26.83
33.81
25.48
18.49
18.25
18.36
18.06
1.50
1.49
1.90
1.50
341.10
310.60
346.80
323.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.17
0.83
1.73
1.06
40.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
17:41:52
STDV
0.02
15.94
48.04
0.32
0.81
0.00
0.45
0.97
0.44
0.87
0.20
1.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.98
3.42
4.14
1.71
2.46
3.42
3.01
2.64
0.20
0.14
0.18
0.17
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.09
0.37
025
0.35
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
Variance
0.14
0.21
0.53
0.24
0.58
0.00
0.36
0.62
0.26
0.61
0.13
5.06
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
076
0.67
0.79
0.33
10.14
16.07
10.20
12.31
1.11
0.79
1.02
0.93
11.55
11.60
13.02
7.17
0.11
0.08
0.10
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.79
15.30
6.88
9.69
0.18
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Test Description: Run8 - 380BHP 270RPM 12.87/2.81 2.6BTDC PCC A/F55 CAT503/498
Data Point Number: 0331 99-QCcheck-Run8 Date: 03/31/99 Time: 23:10:01
Description Average Win Max STDV
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE (HHg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S NOx (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%). Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)' Post-Catalyst
50.42
12.01
43.00
12.67
33.80
0.01521
110.50
1968.45
1884.55
10.06
499.01
517.75
641.85
531.89
606.33
270.00
269.43
447.31
37832
8002.17
964.90
3137.18
062
7844
33.99
6000
35.15
130.75
54.90
3.68
1.45
0.56
000
0.50
6.96
7.65
15.60
15.40
118.16
39.81
3.26
2.96
34.47
37.47
30.75
34.45
1303.48
1297.87
919.93
82942
71.41
84.33
49.00
12.01
43.00
12.83
32.00

108.40
1941.00
1873.00
9.95
499.00
516.00
640.00
531.00
602.00
270.00
267.00
444.00
37410
7854.00
964.90
3094.00
062
7830
33.14
59.95
35.00
129.00
54.70
3.68
1.45
0.56
0.00
0.50
6.91
7.18
15.60
1540
116.70
38.20
3.26
2.96
33.70
34.80
30.40
32.00
1267.10
1239.10
904.50
787.40
71.20
75.90
52.00
12.01
43.00
12.91
34.00

112.80
2001.00
1897.00
10.14
501.00
520.00
644.00
533.00
608.00
270.00
272.00
452.00
382.70
8141.00
964.90
3184.00
0.62
78.60
35.11
60.07
37.00
131.00
55.79
3.68
1.45
0.56
0.00
0.50
7.41
7.77
15.60
15.40
120.50
41.40
3.26
2.96
35.20
41.20
31.40
37.80
1331.80
1357.10
967.90
903.40
72.10
87.40
0.92
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.60

0.77
9.18
4.86
0.04
0.16
0.92
1.17
1.00
1.46
0.00
1.53
3.44
2.26
61.71
0.00
15.63
0.00
006
0.34
0.02
0.52
0.66
0.32
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.15
0.16
0.00
0.00
1.02
0.61
0.00
0.00
0.53
1.08
0.48
0.97
14.99
23.85
27.25
55.58
0.38
5.09
i-i-f-
Variance
1.83
0.00
0.00
0.13
1.78

0.69
0.47
0.26
0.39
0.03
0.18
0.18
019
0.24
0.00
0.57
0.77
060
0.77
0.00
0.50
000
0.08
1.01
0.04
1.49
0.50
0.59
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.22
2.14
0.00
0.00
0.87
1.54
0.00
000
1.55
2.88
1.55
2.83
1.15
1.84
2.96
6.70
0.53
6.04

-------
Test Description: RunS - 380BHP 270RPM 12.87/2.81 2.6BTDC PCC A/F55 CAT503/498
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run8 Date: 03/31/99 Time: 23:10:01
Description Average Min Max STDV
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.07
7360.77
8717.57
125.09
130.39
93.33
103 17
15762
165.01
143.92
153.87
25.25
1.41
0.23
0.05
033
640
6 19
497.80
493.89
50375
51622
31.68
25.29
33.52
22.83
18.20
17.94
18.43
17.11
1.58
1.52
1.70
1.21
347.81
316.83
351.14
332.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.86
0.88
1.86
0.90
38.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120,00
25.00
120.00
16.04
7340.00
8660.00
125.00
129.00
93.00
103.00
156.00
165.00
142.00
153.00
23.00
1.41
0.23
0.06
0.33
6.34
619
492.80
489.30
499.10
513.90
24.39
20.82
25.93
18.44
17.95
17.36
17.98
16.84
1.44
1.10
1.23
1.03
347.40
316.40
350.70
332.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.56
0.75
1.39
0.80
38.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.10
7381.00
8810.00
127.00
131.00
95.00
105.00
160.00
167.00
146.00
155.00
28.00
1.41
0.23
0.06
0.33
6.86
6.19
504.90
49980
511.90
522.00
35.50
31.35
42.41
28.84
18.55
18.27
18.92
17.42
1.89
2.02
1.94
1.32
348.20
317.20
351.80
333.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.20
1.07
2.28
1.06
38.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
7.99
59.85
0.42
0.92
0.74
0.56
0.53
0.12
0.67
0.99
1.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.17
0.00
3 16
2.71
4 14
2.23
2.66
3.07
5.34
2.79
0 17
0.24
0.28
0.19
0.15
0.22
0.23
008
0.27
0.28
0.31
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.21
0.09
0.27
0.09
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
f-i-t-
Variance
0.07
0.11
0.69
0.34
0,71
0,79
0.55
0.34
0.07
0.47
0.65
4.38
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
2.69
0.00
0.64
0.55
0.82
0.43
8.38
12.16
15.92
12.24
0.96
1.31
1.50
1.10
9.24
14.51
1350
6.60
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11.49
9.99
14.76
9.65
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Test Description: RunSa - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.
Data Point Number: 040299-QCcheck-Run8a
Description Average
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (ItWItv)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%)• Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
C02 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
33.46
12.04
54.88
12.87
32.59
0.01473
110.74
2052 62
1862.90
10.06
502.01
520.00
641.54
532.67
600.84
270.00
269.39
451.37
37740
8126.37
928.50
3303.49
0.60
64.45
35.50
60.33
42.00
119.00
57.23
4.07
1.16
0.00
0.00
0.50
8.04
8.49
15.40
15.50
116.65
44.78
2.99
2.92
28.75
33.10
26.70
29.90
1378.25
1421.10
1089.59
1018.30
41.99
45.50
.87/2.81 PCC
Date:
Win
32.00
12.04
53.00
12.85
31.00

10840
2023.00
1844.00
10.00
502.00
518.00
640.00
52900
598.00
270.00
267.00
448.00
372.80
7967.00
928.50
3252.00
060
64.22
34.48
60.24
42.00
119.00
57.10
4.07
1.16
0.00
000
0.50
8.04
8.24
15.40
15.50
114.70
42.40
2.99
2.92
27.40
30.50
25.80
27.60
1315.90
1334.70
1073.70
1018.30
34.60
45.50
A/F55 CAT505/500
04/02/99 Time:
Max STDV
35.00
12.04
55.00
12.92
33.00

112.50
2087.00
1882.00
10.11
504.00
522.00
644.00
537.00
602.00
270.00
272.00
455.00
382.20
8350.00
928.50
3354.00
0.60
64.66
36.48
60.40
42.00
119.00
57.29
4.07
1.16
0.00
0.00
0.50
8.04
9.02
15.40
15.50
118.90
46.50
2.99
2.92
30.70
35.70
28.40
32.30
1428.90
1508.00
1138.10
1018.30
44.90
45.50
0.78
0.00
Q.48
0.02
0.81

0.70
10.81
6.88
0.02
0.12
1.20
0.92
1.66
1.21
0.00
1.63
3.42
2.42
68.58
0.00
17.76
0.00
011
0.38
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.24
000
0.00
1.16
0.74
0.00
0.00
1.00
1.08
0.85
0.99
26.09
35.77
26.44
0.00
4.64
000
'-i-j-
16:10:40
Variance
2.32
0.00
0.87
013
2.49

0.63
0.53
0.37
0.19
0.02
0.23
0.14
0.31
0.20
0.00
0.61
0.76
0.64
0.84
000
0.54
0.00
0.17
1.08
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.09
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
286
0.00
0.00
1.00
1.65
0.00
0.00
3.47
3.26
320
3.32
1.89
2.52
2.43
0.00
11.05
0.00

-------
Test Description: RunSa - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC
Data Point Number: 040299-QCcheck-RunSa Date:
Description Average Win
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.04
7341.33
8791.23
107.00
114.69
79.90
89.95
157.99
164.85
142.83
152.04
29.14
0.95
0.00
0.00
000
6.49
6.83
481.62
492.19
486.56
497.36
38.09
24.90
37.70
24.18
19.32
1849
19.49
18.35
2.46
1.46
2.62
1.40
352.03
320.99
355.61
336.69
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.85
0.91
2.20
0.97
38.93
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.00
7319.00
8720.00
107.00
113.00
78.00
88.00
156.00
164.00
141.00
152.00
27.00
0.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.49
6.83
475.90
484.70
481.20
492.50
26.72
22.06
30.66
21.81
18.72
18.12
18.92
18.12
1.60
1.28
1.74
1.15
351.60
320.40
355.00
336.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.17
0.80
1.86
0.83
38.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
•>HT*»I»J1^I1 HJ.^%^1 «J IV.
A/F55 CAT505/500
04/02/99 Time:
Max STDV
16.07
7361.00
8870.00
107.00
115.00
80.00
92.00
158.00
166.00
144.00
154.00
32.00
0.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.49
6.83
486.50
497.40
491 60
502.50
4894
31.14
43.96
26.39
19.84
18.75
20.01
18.72
3.70
1.71
3.38
1.69
352.60
321.70
356.20
337.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.56
1.01
2.73
1.20
39.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
8.40
70.34
0.00
0.73
0.44
0.36
0.16
0.99
0.51
0.28
1.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
3.49
3.16
3.07
3.06
6.66
2.59
4.48
1.63
0.35
0.19
0.36
0.24
0.74
0.17
0.59
0.13
0.32
0.42
0.37
0.45
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.44
0.07
0.30
0.11
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
16:10:40
Variance
0.08
0.11
0.80
0.00
0.63
0.55
0.40
0.10
0.60
0.36
0.18
4.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.72
0.64
0.63
0.61
17.48
10.39
11.89
6.75
1.81
1.03
1.84
1.28
30.04
11.98
22.60
9.47
0.09
0.13
0.10
0.13
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
15.32
7.28
13.54
11.09
0.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run9-a - 440BHP 300RPM 1.8BTDC 11.8/2.75 PCC 90AMT CAT537/527
Data Point Number: 040199-QCcheck-Run9-a
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (ltWlbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Average
30.24
12.03
53.00
11.84
9.41
0.00212
87.48
2424.15
2306.55
9.13
513.35
510.99
62547
527.78
574.53
299.79
300.04
526.56
442.29
8238.72
982.20
3709.72
064
66.10
48 05
59.64
51.00
110.99
60.95
5.61
1.08
0.50
0.53
0.60
7.70
8 12
15.85
15.97
114.02
44.24
2.74
2.76
31.84
36.16
27.22
30.16
1207.21
1244.18
911.23
995.33
36.01
40.18
Date:
Win
28.00
12.03
53.00
11.73
8.00

86.10
2355.00
2255.00
9.05
511.00
505.00
617.00
522.00
566.00
299.00
297.00
520.00
435.40
8100.00
982.20
3669.00
064
65.97
46.80
59.55
51.00
110.00
57.10
5.00
1.08
0.50
053
0.60
7.28
7.81
15.50
15.60
109.90
40.70
2.74
2.76
28.60
28.60
23.80
23.30
1144.50
1161.60
901.10
930.20
33.90
33.00
04/01/99
Max
32.00
12.03
53.00
11.89
14.00

88.90
2500.00
2368.00
9.25
521.00
523.00
639.00
539.00
58700
303.00
305.00
540.00
450.50
8389.00
982.20
3772.00
0.64
66.20
49.61
5972
51.00
113.00
63.10
5.66
1.08
0.50
0.53
0.60
8.38
842
16.00
16.10
120.50
48.00
2.74
2.76
3510
41.20
29.90
35.00
1270.80
1318.70
932.40
1066.50
36.50
41.00
Time:
STDV
0.84
0.00
0.00
0.04
1.61

0.61
36.63
29.55
0.04
2.29
4.06
4.94
345
4.29
1.54
1.93
6.13
2.75
56.97
0.00
21 16
0.00
0.04
057
0.04
0.00
1 08
1.17
0.09
0.00
0.00
000
000
042
0.26
0.23
0.22
3.91
1.92
0.00
0.00
1.90
3.04
2.07
2.90
35.93
39.71
14.57
67.72
1.02
1.95
23:40:00
Variance
2.78
0.00
0.00
0.31
17.12

0.70
1.51
1.28
0.43
0.45
0.79
0.79
0.65
075
0.51
064
1.16
0.62
069
0.00
0.57
000
0.07
1.19
0.06
0.00
0.98
1.93
1.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.41
3.23
1.44
1.39
3.43
4.34
0.00
0.00
5.96
8.40
7.60
9.61
2.98
3.19
1.60
6.80
2.84
4.86

-------
Test Description: Run9-a - 440BHP 300RPM 1.8BTDC 11.8/2.75 PCC
Data Point Number: 040199-QCcheck-Run9-a Date:
Description Average Win
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.61
7730 35
9208.77
115.00
121.09
83.99
95.63
157.01
164.00
14262
15200
2991
1.10
0.51
0 54
0.61
7.93
8.25
470.37
491.11
47536
489 17
34 14
25.95
38.74
25.98
20.72
19.98
20.72
19.93
1.68
1.47
264
1 52
35887
324.14
364.94
338.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.38
0.99
2.70
1.13
43.68
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.51
7665.00
9120.00
115.00
120.00
82.00
94.00
157.00
164.00
141.00
152.00
28.00
1.10
0.51
0.54
0.61
7.25
7.61
459.20
481.20
45980
47700
2607
20.24
33.26
21.58
20.20
19.24
19.91
19.24
1.39
1.33
1.74
1.28
354.60
321.30
361.10
334.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.82
0.92
2.16
0.95
4200
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
^11»%»UIWII t-^«»-H-HCHV
90AMT CAT537/527
04/01/99 Time:
Max STDV
16.69
7779.00
9350.00
115.00
122.00
84.00
98.00
159.00
164.00
145.00
152.00
33.00
1.10
0.51
0.54
0.61
8.35
8.85
479.60
496.30
489.30
499.50
40.77
31.22
45.02
35.48
21.30
20.70
21.48
20.86
1.93
1.77
4.88
1.95
360.00
325.20
366.40
33940
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.91
1.13
3.28
1.39
59.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.03
22.45
75.27
0.00
1.00
0.16
0.71
0.12
0.00
065
0.00
1.49
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.36
0.42
6.64
4.16
8.69
7.14
4.31
3.39
4.11
4.04
0.39
0.35
0.41
0.49
0.17
0.11
0.99
0.23
1.52
1.12
1.44
1.41
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.23
0.07
0.36
0.14
3.54
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
ii-f.
23:40:00
Variance
0.20
0.29
0.82
0.00
0.82
0.19
0.75
0.07
0.00
0.45
000
499
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.54
5.10
1.41
0.85
1 83
1 46
12.62
13.06
10.62
15.57
1.90
1.77
2.00
2.46
10.38
7.73
37.67
15.04
0.42
0.35
0.39
0.42
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.59
7.07
13.31
1266
8.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
   Colorado State Universitv: Enaines and Energy Conversion Laboratorv
  Test Description: RunIO - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99
Data Point Number: 040199-QCcheck-RunlO
  Description                           Average
1.8BTDC PCC 130AMT CAT565/556
      Date:  04/01/99       Time:  20:25:00
    Min      Max     STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lOw/lb*)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr) Post-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
02 (%). Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%)• Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
32.99
12.03
55.44
13.24
19.00
0.01448
129.88
2065.88
1858.01
10.25
557.99
600.64
738.75
597.82
685.40
29900
29933
520.91
441.48
818533
982.20
3679.45
0.64
58.27
46.44
59.78
51.00
113.98
49.38
4.45
0.79
0.00
2.13
2.30
5.16
5.17
14.40
14.40
84.05
2949
3.84
3.54
144.66
152.27
151.87
159.23
969.52
100919
787.41
744.84
29.19
27.99
31.00
12.03
55.00
13.19
19.00

128.30
2038.00
1844,00
1020
556.00
598.00
737.00
595.00
683.00
299.00
297.00
516.00
436.30
8070 00
982.20
3643 00
0.64
58.17
45.54
59.68
51.00
112.00
49.29
3.98
0.79
0.00
2.13
2.30
5 16
5.17
14.40
14.40
83.20
28.80
3.84
3.54
139.10
141.60
145.70
147.80
950.30
966.40
776.80
717.40
29.00
27.50
35.00
12.03
57.00
13.29
19.00

131.30
2092.00
1869.00
1031
558.00
602.00
743.00
59900
688.00
299.00
302.00
526.00
446.70
8320.00
982.20
3713.00
0.64
58.39
47.28
59.84
51.00
114.00
50.20
4.59
0.79
0.00
2.13
2.30
516
5.17
14.40
1440
8480
30.00
3.84
3.54
153.20
170.60
160.50
178.40
994.00
1040.50
808.20
756.80
30.10
29.00
0.82
0.00
0.83
0.02
0.00

0.59
10.21
4.90
0.02
0.12
0.95
1.32
1.21
1.16
0.00
1.52
4.28
2.42
4824
0.00
1420
0.00
0.04
0.37
0.04
000
0.20
023
0.23
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
051
0.34
0.00
0.00
3.29
4.99
3.53
5.33
10.32
14.02
14.60
18.00
0.42
0.70
2.49
0.00
1.50
0.14
000

0.45
0.49
0.26
0.20
0.02
0.16
0.18
0.20
0.17
0.00
0.51
0.82
055
0.59
000
039
0.00
0.07
0.80
006
000
0.17
0.47
5.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
000
0.00
000
0.00
0.61
1.17
0.00
000
2.28
328
2.33
3.35
1.06
1.39
1 85
242
1.44
2.52

-------
Test Description: RunIO - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99 1
Data Point Number: 040199-QCcheck-RunlO
Description Average
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.61
7729.51
9125.10
11500
123.99
86.99
98.31
155.99
16483
143.01
154.41
2977
0.91
0.01
222
229
488
5.21
51630
523.01
521 83
514.24
2674
22.50
27.64
2270
1855
18 11
18.54
18.29
1.31
1.35
1 41
1 32
35590
323.80
360.39
337.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.08
0.75
1.51
0.89
4273
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
.8BTDC PCC 130AMT CAT565/556
Date: 04/01/99 Time:
Min Max STDV
16.53
7680.00
9040.00
115.00
123.00
85.00
97.00
154.00
163.00
143.00
153.00
28.00
0.92
0.01
2.22
2.29
4.88
5.21
512.60
517.10
513.80
510.80
22.36
17.56
21.61
17.08
18.28
17.79
18.01
17.98
1.17
1.19
1 22
1.20
355.00
323.10
359.30
336.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.89
0.60
1.37
0.76
42.50
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.66
7764.00
9220.00
115.00
125.00
87.00
101.00
156.00
165.00
145.00
155.00
32.00
0.92
001
222
2.29
4.88
5.21
520.00
527.30
530.50
517.00
30.77
29.56
33.10
27.17
18.97
1845
19.01
18.58
1.55
1.55
1.74
1.48
356.60
324.30
361.20
337.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.34
0.88
1.75
0.98
42.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.02
17.29
73.45
0.00
1.00
0.12
064
0.12
0.55
0.12
0.92
1.37
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
203
3.14
4.99
1.81
2.72
3.36
4.01
2.86
0.20
0.27
028
0.19
012
0.10
0.14
0.07
0.49
0.38
0.58
0.47
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.07
0.12
0.07
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
tl_f_
20:25:00
Variance
0.15
0.22
0.80
0.00
0.81
0.13
0.65
0.07
0.34
0.08
0.59
4.60
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
039
0.60
096
035
10.18
14.93
14.49
1262
1 08
1.48
1.50
1 01
9.49
7.60
10.00
5.54
0.14
0.12
0 16
0.14
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
10.25
9.89
7.76
7.46
0.29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Test Description: Run11 - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC JWO155 CAT507/500
Data Point Number: 040299-QCcheck-Run11 Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Description Average Min Max STDV
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ibw/lbjJ
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
30.83
12.04
69.00
12.87
33.59
0.01512
11057
2017.48
1796.13
10.06
504.79
528.00
648.24
536.74
605.59
270.00
269.59
45222
37797
8060.25
928.50
3280.80
0.60
65 12
35.09
60.27
41.47
121.61
56.26
4.05
1.10
0.00
0.00
0.50
7.28
7.95
15.20
15.40
116.95
46.90
3.05
3.01
29.58
34.34
28.28
31.85
1310.35
1366.27
1018.04
975.98
38.46
43.52
29.00
12.04
69.00
12.85
33.00

108.80
1993.00
1783.00
10.01
503.00
525.00
645.00
535.00
603.00
270.00
26700
448.00
373.50
7870.00
928.50
3235 00
0.60
64.97
34.06
60.18
40.00
120.00
55.29
4.05
1.10
0.00
0.00
0.50
7.28
7.46
15.20
15.40
115.40
45.20
3.05
3.01
28.70
31.60
27.40
29.30
1280.60
1305.30
1010.60
959.00
36.90
42.70
32.00
12.04
69.00
12.91
35.00

112.10
2045.00
1814.00
10.11
505.00
531.00
651.00
539.00
608.00
270.00
273.00
456.00
38290
8204.00
928.50
3323.00
0.60
65.27
36.13
60.34
42.00
123.00
56.40
405
1.10
0.00
0.00
050
7.28
8.00
15.20
15.40
117.50
48.60
3.05
3.01
30.30
36.60
29.00
34.00
1336.50
1416.00
1107.70
1038.50
40.40
44.10
0.59
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.92

0.58
10.17
5.37
0.02
0.61
1.46
1.18
0.86
1.09
0.00
1.70
3.10
2.29
66.39
000
16.93
0.00
008
0.36
0.02
089
0.77
0.22
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.69
0.75
0.00
0.00
0.40
1.03
0.39
0.96
13.65
25.16
25.88
31.74
1.74
0.69
<" t
21:21:22
Variance
1.90
0.00
0.00
0.13
2.72

0.53
0.50
030
0.20
0.12
0.28
0.18
0.16
0.18
0.00
0.63
0.69
0.61
0.82
0.00
0.52
000
0 12
1.02
0.04
2.14
0.63
0.39
0.00
0.00
0,00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.11
0.00
0.00
0.59
1.59
0.00
0.00
1.34
3.00
1.40
3.02
1.04
1.84
2.54
3.25
4.53
1.59

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run11 - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC
Data Point Number: 040299-QCcheck-Run1 1 Date:
Description Average Min
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.06
7354.02
8808.37
109.00
114.51
78.55
88.96
146.72
153.09
142.98
153.00
28.92
089
0.00
0.00
0.47
5.89
6.49
490.81
492.91
484.55
498.44
37.88
24.18
41.64
24.26
19.19
18.37
19.47
18.22
2.03
1.46
2.77
1.40
351.44
320.18
354.56
335.86
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.54
0.92
2.48
0.90
38.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.03
7328.00
8730.00
109.00
113.00
77.00
87.00
144.00
153.00
141.00
153.00
27.00
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.47
5.76
6.49
483.40
48670
479.70
492.90
28.48
1736
33.58
19.31
18.65
18.04
19.06
17.75
1.35
1 08
1.71
1.16
350.70
319.60
354.10
335.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.04
0.74
2.17
0.66
38.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
JWO155CAT507/500
04/02/99 Time:
Max STDV
16.09
7375.00
8880.00
109.00
115.00
79.00
89.00
147.00
155.00
143.00
153.00
32.00
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.47
6.28
6.49
499.10
496.40
490.50
508.80
44.57
28.67
52.84
31.66
19.64
18.66
19.96
18.74
3.72
1.64
3.76
1 78
351.90
320.90
355.20
33650
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.74
1.19
3.06
1.11
39.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
7.72
64.77
0.00
0.86
0.83
0.28
0.71
0.42
0.20
0.00
1.45
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.22
0.00
3.76
2.69
339
455
4.68
3.02
5.82
4.12
0.27
0.18
0.27
0.30
0.65
0.18
0.80
0.21
0.37
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.41
0.12
0.27
0.14
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
21:21:22
Variance
0.07
0.10
0.74
0.00
0.75
1.06
0.32
0.48
0.28
0.14
0.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.81
000
0.77
0.55
0.70
0.91
12.36
12.50
13.98
16.98
1.40
0.97
1.40
1.63
31.94
12.08
29.03
14.69
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
16.01
13.08
10.76
15.40
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run12 - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC JW0175 CAT512/506
Data Point Number: 040299-QCcheck-Run12
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbWlbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%). Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Average
30.13
12.04
69.00
12.88
34.06
0.01500
109.81
2020.26
1794.21
10.06
507.98
530.57
65047
541.14
609.42
270.00
269.35
450.62
377.80
8069.73
928.50
3283.23
0.60
6602
3522
60.26
42.00
122.93
56.24
4.08
1.06
0.00
090
0.79
7.57
7.93
15.24
15.27
113.89
45.19
3.17
3.09
31.06
36.14
29.30
33.43
1314.22
1369.36
1161.59
1105.97
39.90
49.11
Date:
Min
28.00
12.04
6900
12.83
33.00

108.10
1994.00
1776.00
9.99
506.00
528.00
649.00
54000
60800
270.00
26600
447.00
373.50
7893.00
928.50
3242.00
0.60
65.94
3424
6019
42.00
121.00
55.20
4.08
1 06
0.00
0.90
0.52
7.48
7.66
15.20
15.20
112.70
43.70
3.05
2.99
30.00
34.40
28.40
31.80
1267.30
1303.40
1106.50
1037.30
33.50
4840
04/02/99
Max
32.00
12.04
6900
12.92
35.00

111 40
2062.00
1809.00
10.11
508.00
532.00
653.00
544.00
612.00
270.00
273.00
455.00
382.50
8242.00
928.50
3327 00
0.60
6610
36.37
6031
42.00
124.00
56.40
4.08
1.07
0.00
090
0.93
7.62
8.35
15.30
15.40
11640
47.20
3.23
3.15
31.90
39.00
29.90
36.10
1364.50
1460.10
1170.90
1116.70
5060
49.70
Time:
STDV
0.91
0.00
000
0.02
1 00

0.60
11.41
5.36
0.02
0.20
1.16
1.33
1.15
1.06
0.00
1.56
3.07
2.34
64.81
000
16.24
0.00
0.03
0.36
0.02
0.00
0.44
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.20
0.07
0.13
0.05
010
0.99
0.77
0.09
0.08
0.44
0.91
0.37
0.83
21.80
30.44
21.14
26.58
8.29
0.65
20:06:06
Variance
3.01
000
0.00
0.16
2.94

0.55
056
0.30
0.23
0.04
0.22
0.20
021
0.17
0.00
058
0.68
0.62
0.80
0.00
0.49
0.00
004
1.03
0.04
0.00
0.35
0.48
0.00
0.45
0.00
000
24.92
0.88
1.64
0.31
0.63
0.87
1.71
2.72
2.47
1.42
2.51
1.26
2.48
1.66
2.22
1.82
2.40
20.78
1.32

-------
Test Description: Run12 - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12
Data Point Number: 040299-QCcheck-Run12
Description Average
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.05
7349.44
8774.60
108.99
114.58
78.37
88.05
167.97
174.09
143.07
153.00
28.56
0.96
0.00
0.75
0.47
6 17
6.51
489.57
49051
48623
50047
35.17
23.85
36.67
24.25
19.06
18.46
19.53
18.15
2.08
1.45
2.01
1.35
351 41
32030
354.59
336.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.39
0.86
2.07
0.89
38.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
.87/2.81 PCC JWO175CAT512/506
Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Win Max STDV
16.02
7326.00
8710.00
107.00
113.00
77.00
88.00
166.00
174.00
143.00
153.00
2600
0.89
0.00
0.75
0.47
6.09
648
48570
487.90
479.10
49680
3022
21.25
28.49
21.75
18.75
18.10
19.25
17.81
1.33
1.32
1.43
1.20
350.80
319.70
354.10
335.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.68
0.77
1.68
0.75
38.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.09
7376.00
8860.00
109.00
115.00
80.00
90.00
170.00
176.00
145.00
153.00
32.00
1.00
0.00
0.75
0.47
621
6.53
492.90
493.40
491.90
504.50
41.00
28.47
46.28
28.07
19.33
18.74
19.93
18.53
359
1.64
3.56
1.51
352.00
321.00
355.10
337.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.01
0.94
2.58
1.06
39.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
8.69
63.39
0.12
0.82
0.87
0.30
0.53
0.41
0.36
0.00
1.32
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.02
2.23
1.94
3.46
2.73
3.38
2.15
5.55
1.72
0.17
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.70
0.12
057
0.12
0.37
0.40
0.33
0.49
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.41
0.05
0.25
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
"-*•
20:06:06
Variance
0.08
0.12
0.72
0.11
0.71
1.11
0.34
0.31
0.23
025
0.00
4.63
563
0.00
000
0.00
0.87
0.35
0.45
0.39
0.71
0.55
960
9.03
15.12
7.08
090
1.14
1 07
1.24
33.79
8 12
28.52
8.73
0.10
0.12
0.09
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.03
5.66
12.00
11.50
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 13 - 440BHP 300RPM 0.2BTDC 13.5/3.04 A/F49.1 PCC CAT574/568
Data Point Number: 033199-Run13
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE fHg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ibw/lb^
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE fHg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE C'H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%). Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%)• Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Average
59.04
12.01
18.56
13.51
33.66
0.01487
110.45
2026.48
1948.75
10.48
569.13
608.46
732.16
61054
689.30
300.00
299.39
527.08
441 39
814084
964.90
3724.20
0.62
82.55
48.96
59.23
47.00
132.62
48.31
4.14
066
0.00
1.41
1.49
4.64
467
14.60
14.50
86.07
31.67
3.64
3.55
89.30
93.28
94.41
100.57
910.53
935.65
696.59
619.09
56.93
57.39
Date:
Min
57.00
12.01
17.00
13.44
32.00

108.10
1993.00
192900
10.35
568.00
605.00
728.00
60800
685.00
300.00
297.00
520.00
433.90
8002.00
964.90
3688.00
0.62
81.91
47.81
59.13
47.00
131.00
48.20
4.14
066
0.00
1.41
1.49
4.64
4.67
14.60
14.50
83.40
30.40
3.64
3.55
83.40
84.50
88.10
90.90
882.50
888.30
67410
567.50
49.40
54.60
03/31/99
Max
6200
12.01
21.00
13.56
36.00

113.00
2060.00
1967.00
10.58
571.00
613.00
736.00
614.00
693.00
300.00
303.00
528.00
446.70
8383.00
964.90
3788 00
0.62
83.25
50.60
59.32
47.00
134.00
49 10
4.14
066
000
1.41
1 49
4.64
467
14.60
14.50
87.80
32.80
3.64
3.55
93.70
103.40
99.10
111.90
941.10
981.70
735.10
663.00
61.30
63.60
Time:
STDV
0.82
0.00
1.19
0.02
0.92

0.83
9.99
570
0.04
0.92
1.43
1.36
1.28
1.27
000
1.55
1.29
2.40
5246
0.00
14.77
0.00
037
040
0.04
000
0.62
0.15
000
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.81
0.36
0.00
0.00
1.98
303
2.09
3.31
10.18
14.49
21.75
29.86
3.18
2.96
20:05:00
Variance
1.38
0.00
6.42
0.13
2.74

0.75
0.49
0.29
0.37
0.16
024
0.19
0.21
0.18
000
0.52
024
054
0.64
0.00
0.40
000
045
0.81
0.06
0.00
0.47
030
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.94
1 14
0.00
0.00
2.22
3.25
2.22
329
1.12
1.55
3 12
4.82
5.58
515

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 13 - 440BHP 300RPM 0.2BTDC 13.5/3.04 A/F49.1 PCC CAT574/568
Data Point Number: 033199-Run1 3 Date: 03/31/99 Time:
Description Average Min Max STDV
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOi TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.60
7726.84
9238.78
130.99
137.34
108.06
119.04
155.36
16401
141.29
152.97
2907
0.28
0.22
1 42
1.46
4.67
4.53
476.95
478.59
467.64
483.14
28.85
2368
3243
2385
21.40
21.08
22.00
20.90
1.75
1.54
2.43
1.47
35306
321 .04
357.41
334.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.39
0.91
1.93
0.99
41.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.53
7677.00
9120.00
129.00
136.00
107.00
118.00
153.00
162.00
139.00
151.00
27.00
0.28
0.23
1.29
1.35
4.62
4.53
468.30
473.40
453.90
474.00
21.09
16.36
22.66
1588
20.67
20.68
21 10
20.41
1 27
1.23
1 43
1 14
352.70
320.80
356.90
334.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.04
0.64
1.26
0.75
41.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.70
7798.00
9280.00
133.00
139.00
110.00
121.00
157.00
166.00
143.00
153.00
32.00
0.28
0.23
1.42
1.46
467
4.71
48560
486.00
476.70
488.90
38.23
31.36
40.52
34 13
21.95
21.40
22.56
21.54
4.40
1.95
5.38
328
354.00
321.50
35780
334.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.45
1.20
4.06
1.74
41.60
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.02
16.15
20.88
0.17
0.57
051
0.56
0.72
0.21
0.73
026
1.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.01
3.76
2.58
4 10
2.79
4.29
337
4.16
3.46
0.26
0.16
0.30
0.19
0.52
0.15
0.95
0.29
0.22
0.17
0.18
0.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.12
0.37
0.14
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
20:05:00
Variance
0.14
0.21
0.23
0 13
0.42
047
0.47
0.46
013
0.52
0.17
4.38
0.00
0.00
0.30
0.24
004
013
079
054
0.88
0.58
14.87
1422
1281
14.52
1.22
0.78
1.37
089
29.78
9.96
38.97
19.73
006
005
005
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
18.15
13.13
1940
14.28
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run14 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.39/3.04 3.9BTDC PCC A/F50.7 CAT542/537
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run14 Date: 03/31/99 Time: 21:05:38
Description Average Min Max STDV
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (low/lb*)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
56.03
12.01
2900
13.39
33.05
0.01441
109.92
2043.01
1989.52
1034
539.11
569.25
693.32
574.62
654.39
300.00
299.34
525.47
441.92
7839.66
964.90
3590.15
0.62
82.95
45.41
59.38
45.00
13003
50.65
4.17
0.65
0.00
1.24
1.37
4.47
5.16
14.60
14.50
100.61
36.15
3.70
3.55
88.70
92.09
89.05
94.29
967.58
99645
694.39
635.57
61.16
61.41
54.00
12.01
29.00
13.32
32.00

108.40
2015.00
1970.00
10.21
538.00
567.00
690.00
573.00
653.00
300.00
297.00
518.00
43740
7724.00
964.90
3559.00
0.62
82.87
44.54
59.31
45.00
130.00
49.79
4.17
0.65
0.00
1.24
1.37
4.47
4.84
14.60
14.50
99.30
34.90
3.70
3.55
86.70
85.60
87.20
87.50
941.10
942.40
674.10
624.30
60.10
61.20
57.00
12.01
29.00
13.45
34.00

112.10
2068.00
2005.00
10.45
540.00
573.00
696.00
577.00
655.00
300.00
302.00
527.00
447.00
7949.00
96490
3628.00
062
83.02
4640
59.43
45.00
13200
50.70
4.17
0.65
0.00
1.24
1.37
4.47
5 35
14.60
14.50
102.00
37.50
3.70
3.55
91.80
98.30
92.30
100.70
989.90
1033.70
705.80
644.90
61.30
62.30
0.97
0.00
0.00
0.03
1.00

0.70
10.08
5.75
0.04
1.00
1.32
1.39
0.84
0.92
0.00
1.51
2.53
2.36
44.08
0.00
13.26
0.00
0.03
0.36
002
0.00
0.23
019
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.25
0.00
0.00
074
0.50
0.00
0.00
1.29
2.66
1.22
2.73
10.90
16.50
15.24
9.22
0.39
043
Variance
1.74
0.00
0.00
0.19
3.03

0.64
0.49
0.29
0.38
0.18
0.23
0.20
0.15
0.14
0.00
0.50
0.48
0.53
0.56
0.00
0.37
000
0.04
0.78
004
0.00
0.18
0.38
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
000
0.00
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.73
1.38
0.00
0.00
1.45
2.89
1.37
2.90
1.13
1.66
2.19
1.45
0.63
0.70

-------
Test Description: Run14 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.39/3.04 3.9BTDC PCC
Data Point Number: 033199-QCcheck-Run14 Date: 03/31/99
Description Average Win
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.61
7734.57
9209.07
130.05
137.00
107.55
118.99
155.98
163.33
141.81
152.99
28.97
0.78
0.23
1 29
1 35
5.12
5.05
545.66
539.04
52963
55260
3098
2593
37.19
22.82
16.89
16.60
17.90
16.14
1.58
1.43
1.86
1.31
353.50
321.46
358.76
335.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.25
0.73
1.84
0.88
40.30
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.58
7709.00
9070.00
129.00
137.00
106.00
117.00
154.00
16300
140.00
151.00
28.00
0.78
023
1.29
1.35
5 12
473
542.30
535.80
516.50
549.00
2673
21 15
3057
18.12
16.56
16.22
17.32
15.87
1.29
1.24
1.62
1.10
353.30
321.20
358.50
335.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.96
0.62
1.35
0.80
40.30
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
>*HWWIW1WH *-**f+*SI ««.*.
A/F50.7 CAT542/537
Time: 21:05:38
Max STDV
16.65
7761.00
9240.00
131.00
137.00
108.00
119.00
156.00
165.00
142.00
153.00
32.00
0.78
023
1.29
1.35
5.12
523
552.40
544.20
537.50
555.90
4018
34.01
47.13
28.71
17.17
16.93
18.60
16.38
2.62
1.59
2.26
1.49
35430
322.20
359.50
336.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.93
0.86
2.16
0.96
40.30
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.02
11.05
47.11
1.00
0.00
0.84
0.16
0.20
0.74
0.58
0.12
1.28
0.00
000
0.00
000
0.00
0.24
2.70
2.26
5.45
1 94
3.86
3.46
5.74
3.16
0.15
0.20
0.32
0.16
0.38
0.12
0.17
0.12
0.29
0.33
0.40
0.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.08
0.21
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
HJL
Variance
0.10
0.14
0.51
0.77
0.00
0.78
0.14
0.13
0.45
0.41
0.08
4.43
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
481
0.49
0.42
1.03
035
12.45
13.35
15.45
1387
0.91
1.19
1.76
0.98
24.06
8.22
930
8.95
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
19.85
11.16
11.13
4.93
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run15 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99 1.8BTDC PCC #3 60-70PSI
Data Point Number: 0401 99-QCcheck-Run1 5 2.99 Date: 04/01/99
Description Average Min Max
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (ltWlbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 {%): Pre-Catalyst
02 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
37.56
12.03
57.54
13.24
32.67
0.01490
111.35
2041.47
1891.62
10.25
55861
600.29
732.97
584.36
688.46
29900
299.46
521.88
441.73
8260 92
982.20
371560
0.64
59.60
4755
59.68
49.00
113.44
4931
4.51
0.62
000
1.81
1.96
5.63
5.80
14.70
14.70
95.51
31.54
3.78
3.76
137.02
145.53
144.99
153.12
1044.03
1066.31
812.22
763.31
34.09
31.80
36.00
12.03
57.00
13.20
31.00

109.10
2016.00
1874.00
10.21
557.00
598.00
730.00
583.00
686.00
299.00
297.00
520.00
436.00
8142.00
982.20
3679.00
0.64
59.53
46.70
59.60
49.00
113.00
49.20
4.51
0.62
000
1.81
1.96
5.63
5.80
14.70
14.70
94.20
30.70
3.78
3.76
132.00
137.00
139.60
143.90
1018.30
1019.10
807.00
736.50
26.40
31.80
39.00
12.03
59.00
13.29
33.00

113.00
2062.00
1906.00
10.30
559.00
602.00
736.00
587.00
690.00
299.00
302.00
529.00
446.90
8380 00
982.20
3748 00
0.64
59.69
48.46
59.73
49.00
115.00
50.10
4.51
0.62
000
1.81
1.96
5.63
5.80
14.70
14.70
97.70
32.40
3.78
3.76
139.60
154.80
147.60
162.80
1058.40
1104.00
868.50
775.90
45.30
31.80
LOW CAT599/590
Time: 16:27:12
STDV Variance
0.74
0.00
0.89
0.02
0.74

0.75
8.87
5.19
0.02
0.79
1.11
1.30
1.07
1.51
0.00
1.60
2.56
2.46
52.60
0.00
14.79
0.00
003
038
0.02
0.00
083
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
086
0.38
0.00
0.00
2.19
3.44
2.34
3.70
9.46
15.23
16.63
1824
9.30
0.00
1.97
0.00
1.55
0.13
2.27

0.67
0.43
0.27
020
0.14
0.18
0.18
0 18
022
0.00
0.53
0.49
0.56
064
000
0.40
0.00
005
0.80
004
000
073
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.90
1.19
0.00
0.00
1.60
2.37
1.61
2.41
0.91
1.43
2.05
239
27.28
0.00

-------
Test Description: Runt 5 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99 1
Data Point Number: 040199-QCcheck-Run15 2.99
Description Average
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.61
7732.69
9142.00
115.00
122.09
90.56
102.87
157.00
165.07
141.83
152.00
32.16
0.68
0.01
2 38
2.05
5.68
5.87
518.19
52257
458.50
527.47
2664
22.55
35.49
24.02
18.78
18.39
20.47
18.22
1.47
1.34
3.33
1.25
357.59
325.31
361.21
339.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.17
0.71
2.12
0.87
42.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
*— ••>»• y f — ^xn» v»i wiwi i
.8BTDC PCC #3 60-70PSI
Date: 04/01/99
Min Max
16.55
7691.00
9100.00
115.00
122.00
89.00
101.00
157.00
165.00
140.00
152.00
31.00
0.68
0.01
2.38
2.05
5.68
5.87
511.40
52040
453.10
52430
21 42
19.79
29.60
18.82
1853
18 16
20.06
17.98
1.20
1 16
1.52
1.05
356.90
324.80
360.60
338.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.98
0.62
1.65
0.77
41.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.66
7770.00
9270.00
115.00
124.00
92.00
103.00
157.00
167.00
142.00
152.00
36.00
0.68
0.01
2.38
205
5.68
5.87
522.70
524.70
464.30
530.00
3337
31.45
43.71
27.68
19.16
18.64
21.18
1849
1.71
1.50
4.50
1.53
35800
325.60
361.50
339.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.37
0.87
2.81
0.97
42.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
1-a.jwi mwi y
LOW CAT599/590
Time: 16:27:12
STDV Variance
0.02
15.60
44.97
0.00
0.42
0.78
0.49
0.00
0.38
0.55
0.00
1.37
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.49
1.23
3.83
1.98
3.82
2.22
4.09
2.66
0.20
0 11
0.35
0.17
0.16
0.10
0.90
0.13
0.25
0.20
0.26
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.08
0.33
0.07
0.06
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.14
0.20
049
0.00
0.35
0.86
0.47
0.00
0.23
0.39
0.00
4.27
0.00
000
000
0.00
000
000
0.67
0.24
083
0.37
14.35
987
11.52
11.07
1.07
062
1.73
0.93
10.90
7.76
27 18
10.30
0.07
006
007
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.89
10.81
15.53
7.71
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
   Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run16 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99
Data Point Number: 040199-QCcheck-Run16
  Description                           Average
1.8BTDC PCC #2 60PSI HIGH CAT599/590
      Date:  04/01/99       Time:   18:17:51
    Min      Max     STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Kg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (IIWIbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
C02 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
35.79
12.03
57.00
13.24
31.93
0.01401
110.07
2035.65
1883.99
10.25
556.78
590.61
749.66
588.79
670.13
299.00
299.51
520.77
441.36
8254.46
98220
3709.21
064
59.53
47.36
59.71
51.00
113.00
49.36
4.35
0.75
0.00
2.16
224
5.13
5.35
14.60
14.70
94.23
31.13
3.60
3.52
152.16
161.22
15958
168.38
964.50
1064.88
855.36
767.34
3560
31.05
34.00
12.03
57.00
13.18
31.00

108.40
2017.00
1863.00
10.18
555.00
589.00
748.00
587.00
667.00
299.00
297.00
520.00
436.20
8127.00
982.20
3676.00
0.64
59.28
46.43
59.64
51.00
113.00
49.29
4.35
0.75
000
2.16
2.24
4.72
535
14.60
14.70
92.60
30.30
3.60
3.52
149.00
150.60
157.60
157.50
916.30
1026.90
807.00
755.60
26.40
29.00
38.00
12.03
57.00
13.28
33.00

112.30
2059.00
1900.00
10.30
559.00
593.00
752.00
591.00
673.00
299.00
302.00
528.00
44650
8366.00
982.20
3737.00
0.64
59.76
48.05
59.77
51.00
113.00
4940
4.35
0.75
0.00
2.16
224
5.22
5.35
14.60
14.70
95.20
32.00
3.60
3.52
157.20
175.10
164.70
182.80
1008.60
1103.00
869.70
834.50
39.00
33.00
0.96
0.00
0.00
0.02
1.00

0.67
8.79
6.33
0.02
0.61
1.29
1.15
0.92
1.08
0.00
1 58
2.37
2.40
52.68
0.00
13.46
0.00
0.13
0.35
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.79
0.40
0.00
0.00
1.78
4.64
1.88
4.91
28.92
13.57
25.18
26.82
5.60
2.00
2.69
0.00
0.00
0.18
3.13

0.61
0.43
0.34
0.24
0.11
0.22
0.15
0.16
0.16
0.00
0.53
0.45
0.54
0.64
0.00
0.36
0.00
0.21
0.74
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
000
3.81
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.84
1.29
0.00
0.00
1.17
2.88
1.18
2.91
3.00
1.27
2.94
3.50
15.74
6.45

-------
   Colorado State University; Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratorv
  Test Description: Run16 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99
Data Point Number: 040199-QCcheck-Run16
  Description                          Average
1.8BTDC PCC #2 60PSI HIGH CAT599/590
      Date:  04/01/99       Time:   18:17:51
    Win       Max     STDV    Variance
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.60
7726.61
9125.60
116.23
125.98
90.02
102.00
155.99
164.89
141.02
152.00
3295
0.78
0.01
2.23
2.28
5.26
5.41
492.35
543.29
495.19
50024
2876
21.87
31.69
24.25
1945
17.87
19.57
18.89
1.47
1 28
1.93
1.32
35744
32655
362.19
33848
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.45
0.71
1.79
089
43.25
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.55
7688.00
9110.00
115.00
124.00
9000
102.00
154.00
163.00
141.00
152.00
31.00
0.78
0.01
2.23
2.28
4.84
5.41
486.70
540.10
49070
496.20
21.72
17.08
2341
2019
19 19
17.66
19.09
18.52
1.21
1 08
1.28
1.11
356.60
325.90
361.40
337.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.07
0.63
1.38
0.80
42.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.64
7756.00
9250.00
117.00
126.00
92.00
102.00
156.00
165.00
143.00
152.00
36.00
0.78
0.01
2.23
2.28
5.34
541
497.80
548.10
498.10
506.30
38.43
2471
39.92
28.78
2006
18.14
19.97
19.34
1.69
1.55
3.31
1.55
357.70
326.80
362.50
338.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.12
0.79
2.12
0.97
43.60
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
9.73
41.21
098
0.20
0.20
0.00
0.12
0.46
0.20
0.00
1.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.19
000
3.17
2.38
2.20
2.78
507
232
4.29
2.43
024
012
0.23
0.21
0.16
0.16
0.70
0.14
0.33
029
0.36
0.32
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.28
0.04
0.18
0.06
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.13
0.45
0.84
016
0.22
0.00
007
0.28
0 14
0.00
4.42
000
0.00
000
0.00
3.58
000
0.64
0.44
0.44
056
17.63
10.59
1352
1002
1.22
0.67
1 17
1.13
10.80
12.39
36.28
10.48
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
19.29
6.12
10.06
6.31
0.40
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                      APPENDIX D


                                     TEST POINTS
Emissions Testing                                                      Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 1a 440 bhp
Data Point Number: 033199-Runla
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
02 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%)• Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
1 3.28/3.04 1.8btdc pec
Date:
Average
68.29
12.01
11.15
13.26
32.92
0.01468
110.56
2005.03
1979.22
10.20
555.34
587.30
715.66
599.83
673.16
300.00
29950
52775
441 10
8030.52
96490
3670 26
0.62
8054
47.27
59.38
46.71
129.31
49.47
4.16
070
0.03
1.69
1.47
4.78
521
1460
14.67
8863
28.60
3.59
3.43
102.12
106.87
107.82
113.11
950.09
97553
705.89
684.41
56.06
58.26
03/31/99
Min
65.00
12.01
11.00
13.22
30.00

108.10
1975.00
1963.00
10.07
554.00
583.00
712.00
596.00
66900
300.00
297.00
519.00
43610
7897.00
964.90
3631.00
0.62
80 10
46.15
5926
45.00
127.00
48.90
4.16
0.69
0.03
1.41
1.45
4.68
5.17
14.60
14.60
86.40
27.10
3.57
3.42
96.70
96.00
102.30
101.60
921.60
932.50
682.70
654.50
49.30
55.90
Time:
Max
71.00
12.01
13.00
13.29
36.00

113.00
2030.00
1995.00
10.29
557.00
590.00
720.00
604.00
678.00
300.00
302.00
531.00
447.10
8197.00
964.90
3722.00
0.62
80.86
48.75
59.46
47.00
131.00
49.79
4.16
0.71
0.03
1.79
1.54
482
5.22
14.60
14.70
90.70
29.80
3.64
3.43
107.30
118.00
113.50
125.50
985.10
1024.90
744.80
716.10
63.60
61.20
13:40:00
STDV
0.98
0.00
0.52
0.02
1.23

0.76
9.01
5.32
004
0.63
1 50
1.50
1.30
1.56
000
1.54
1.90
2.45
50.01
000
15.77
O.QQ
0.18
0.42
0.03
0.71
0.68
0.37
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.17
0.04
0.06
0.02
0.00
0.04
0.90
0.46
0.03
0.00
2.07
3.65
2.14
3.92
10.58
15.88
22.25
23 19
5.52
1.67
Variance
1.44
0.00
4.66
0.12
374

0.69
0.45
0.27
0.37
0.11
0.26
0.21
0.22
023
0.00
051
0.36
056
062
0.00
043
000
0.22
0.88
0.06
1 52
0.52
075
0.00
1.27
0.00
10.07
2.73
1 31
0.43
0.00
0.30
1.02
1.60
0.87
013
2.03
3.42
1.99
3.46
1.11
1.63
3.15
3.39
9.84
2.86 .

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 1a 440 bhp 13.28/3
Data Point Number: 033199-Runla
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
.04 1.8btdcpcc
Date:
Average
16.60
7722.81
9247.79
126.22
132.09
113.83
124.06
15600
164.20
141 98
153.08
28.97
0.72
0.22
1 70
1.41
4.80
5.01
499.27
506.88
508.33
515.50
2896
25.09
34.64
22.94
19.55
18.96
19.77
18.61
1.58
1 48
1.94
1.31
35091
319.54
356.49
332.81
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.38
0.82
1.68
0.91
40.81
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
03/31/99
Min
16.53
7675.00
9090.00
125.00
130.00
112.00
122.00
156.00
163.00
140.00
152.00
28.00
0.71
0.23
1.44
1.38
4.76
4.94
491.30
499.60
494.30
505.80
18.58
19.74
22.45
14.81
18.82
18.55
1904
18.12
1.13
1 09
1.46
0.96
350.60
319.30
355.80
332.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.57
1.33
0.66
40.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
Time:
Max
16.67
7775.00
9300.00
128.00
13500
114.00
126.00
158.00
166.00
144.00
155.00
32.00
072
0.23
1 80
1.49
4.81
5.03
507.20
512.70
51880
521 60
3926
32.75
44.73
32.97
20.09
19.36
20.54
19.02
3.12
1.89
3.38
1.82
352.40
320.50
358.30
333.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.53
1.13
2.15
1.20
41.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
13:40:00
STDV
0.02
17.21
33.90
0.55
0.45
0.55
0.37
0.09
0.53
0.52
0.63
1 21
0.00
0.00
0 16
0.05
0.02
004
3.43
2.92
4.02
2.93
4.07
289
5.00
3.67
0.23
0.19
0.24
0.18
0.32
0.17
0.45
0.18
0.28
0.21
0.54
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.31
0.10
0.18
0.10
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Variance
0.15
0.22
0.37
0.44
0.34
0.49
0.30
0.06
0.32
037
041
4 18
0.38
0.00
9.42
3.43
0.51
0.85
0.69
0.58
0.79
0.57
14.07
11 54
14.43
15.98
1.17
0.99
1.21
0.97
19.96
11.57
23.21
13.35
0.08
0.07
0.15
0.07
#DIV/Oi
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
22.17
12.38
10.56
11.34
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
000

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run2-7 - 300BHP 300RPM 7.75/2.75 4.4BTDC PCC A/F62 CAT484/480
Data Point Number: 040199-Run2-7                      Date:  04/01/99      Time:   13:40:00
  Description                           Average      Win       Max      STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
8 S THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%)• Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%)• Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
40.57
12.03
4889
7.74
28.48
0.01438
10944
1828.62
1700.54
4.99
482.86
504.39
62349
532.68
577.80
299.00
299.50
384.86
301 .83
9137.49
98300
2807.12
0.62
59.85
26.67
60.63
31.00
112.05
58.27
3.60
2.25
0.75
0.33
0.00
12.01
12.73
15.80
15.80
223.82
69.24
2.93
2.83
8.09
8.18
6.99
7.03
1791.18
1824.75
1465.15
1248.60
78.29
78.61
38.00
12.03
47.00
7.70
27.00

107.00
1799.00
1682.00
4.85
481.00
499.00
618.00
527.00
57400
299.00
295.00
382.00
297.20
8868.00
983.00
2734.00
0.62
59.42
25.10
60.50
31 00
110.00
57.90
3.03
2.25
0.75
0.33
000
11.38
11.99
15.80
15.80
217.90
6560
2.93
2.83
6.90
7.30
6.00
6.30
1723.50
1724.80
1238.80
1182.50
62.80
69.70
43.00
12.03
49.00
7.78
29.00

112.10
1858.00
1719.00
5.03
484.00
508.00
62700
536.00
581.00
29900
303.00
392.00
306.20
9628.00
983.00
2962.00
0.62
60.20
30.07
60.71
3300
114.00
59.40
3.63
2.25
0.75
0.33
0.00
13.15
14.47
15.80
15.80
229.30
73.00
2.93
2.83
8.10
9.70
7.00
8.20
1915.30
2037.20
1892.70
1358.20
94.50
84.50
0.95
0.00
0.45
0.01
0.88

0.87
8.51
5.85
0.02
1.01
1.49
1.63
1.52
1.41
0.00
1 46
1.78
1.59
99.06
0.00
28.89
0.00
0.23
0.57
0.03
0.06
0.29
0.34
0.08
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.29
0.39
0.00
0.00
2.01
1.20
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.44
0.09
0.34
33.60
48.22
229.24
63.59
10.01
4.47
2.35
000
0.91
0.16
3.07

0.80
0.47
0.34
0.33
0.21
0.29
0.26
029
0.24
000
049
046
0.53
1.08
000
1.03
0.00
038
2.13
0.05
0.21
0.26
0.58
2.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.42
3.07
0.00
0.00
0.90
1.73
0.00
0.00
1.33
5.38
1.28
4.78
1.88
2.64
15.65
5.09
12.79
5.69

-------
Test Description: Run2-7 - 300BHP 300RPM 7.75/2.75 4
Data Point Number: 040199-Run2-7
Description Average
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
13.03
5284.75
6747.32
109.71
116.17
7834
89.91
158.55
164.96
143.19
151.97
32.73
1.68
0.52
0.22
0.35
863
8.89
378.74
373.66
379.45
384.01
37.02
32.18
40.67
27.56
17.78
19.46
18.35
18.58
4.04
2.78
5.80
201
302.35
274.18
307.63
286.63
0.12
0.06
0.14
0.00
4.10
2.05
4.12
1.56
37.39
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
.4BTDC PCC
Date:
Win
12.99
5253.00
6710.00
108.00
114.00
77.00
89.00
157.00
163.00
141.00
150.00
31.00
1.68
0.53
0.22
0.35
8.38
8.38
371 .00
36660
370.50
376.40
28.68
22.73
29.23
19.15
16.46
18.60
16.45
17.80
1.57
1.73
1.90
1.26
301.50
273.50
306.60
285.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.49
1.23
2.29
1.19
37.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
A/F62 CAT484/480
04/01/99 Time:
Max STDV
13.07
5310.00
6870.00
110.00
118.00
80.00
92.00
160.00
165.00
145.00
152.00
36.00
1 68
0.53
0.22
035
9.35
10.14
386.00
381.90
388.80
390.40
44 87
40.65
49.98
35.44
18.80
20.14
20.16
19.12
5.91
453
8.01
4.14
302.60
274.60
307.90
286.80
2.73
2.70
1.35
0.00
10.04
8.46
8.62
3.49
37.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
9.79
31.09
0.70
063
0.66
0.57
0.66
0.27
0.51
0.23
1.42
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.19
029
332
3.53
383
3.18
3.75
401
4.25
3.49
0.48
0.34
0.75
0.26
1.00
090
1.10
067
0.24
022
0.29
0.22
0.46
0.36
0.41
0.00
1.58
1.35
1.62
0.37
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
"' f
13:40:00
Variance
0.11
0.19
0.46
0.64
054
0.84
063
0.42
0.16
0.36
0.15
4.35
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
226
3.26
088
0.95
1 01
083
10 13
12.45
10.45
12.68
268
1.73
4.11
1.39
24.80
32.49
1893
33.42
0.08
008
0.09
0.08
370.11
608.71
293.60
0.00
38.51
65.83
39.45
23.48
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Enaines and Enerav Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run3 - 270BHP 270RPM
Data Point Number: 040199-Run3
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%)• Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
C02 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
6.8/2.5 3.9BTDC PCC A/F62
Date: 04/01/99
Average Min
41.52
12.03
49.72
6.80
28.03
0.01492
110.22
1754.41
1601.19
4.30
451.21
462.70
582.56
489.95
54652
269.00
269.61
345.01
271 65
8892 06
964.90
2503.38
062
61.40
20.60
60.89
2407
115.78
62.22
3 11
2.19
0.80
0.33
0.08
12.92
1373
1608
16.30
199.90
71.18
2.67
2.50
8.44
8.56
7.00
6.79
1861.19
1916.40
1349.90
952.85
105.93
97.76
39.00
12.03
47.00
6.75
27.00

107.90
1717.00
1555.00
4.15
448.00
457.00
579.00
486.00
542.00
269.00
266.00
342.00
267.60
8561.00
964.90
2421.00
0.62
61.13
19.12
60.80
2400
114.00
60.60
3.11
2.11
0.80
0.33
0.08
11.82
12.43
16.00
16.20
199.90
67.40
2.62
2.15
8.30
7.30
7.00
5.80
1751.40
1774.60
1302.80
891.90
86.90
90.00
CAT452/447
Time:
Max
45.00
12.03
53.00
6.83
29.00

112.30
1789.00
1640.00
4.36
454.00
467.00
587.00
49400
551.00
269.00
273.00
349.00
276.00
9259.00
96490
2615.00
0.62
61 71
22.78
60.96
2600
118.00
63.20
3.12
2.22
0.82
0 33
0.08
14.26
15.38
16 10
16.60
'199.90
75.50
2.68
2.61
8.80
1040
7.00
8.20
1982.00
2111.40
1396.90
1261.40
13480
148.10
11:35:14
STDV
1.00
0.00
1.50
0.01
1.00

0.73
12.81
19.90
0.02
1.00
2.50
1.67
1.77
1.84
0.00
1.55
2.79
1.61
108.76
0.00
2970
0.00
0.15
0.48
0.03
0.36
1.31
0.59
0.00
005
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.44
0.53
0.04
0.17
0.00
1.33
0.03
0.20
0.22
0.43
0.00
0.29
41.86
51.58
36.14
136.02
13.01
17.77
Variance
2.41
0.00
3.01
0.17
3.57

0.66
0.73
1.24
0.45
022
054
029
0.36
0.34
0.00
058
0.81
0.59
1.22
000
1.19
0.00
0.25
235
004
1 51
1 13
094
0.09
214
1 06
000
000
340
3.85
0.27
1.05
000
1.88
0.96
785
2.66
5.06
O.CO
4.30
2.25
2.69
2.68
14.27
12.29
18.18

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Enaines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run3 - 270BHP 270RPM
Data Point Number: 040199-Run3
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
6.8/2.5 3.9BTDC PCC A/F62
Date: 04/01/99
Average Min
13.03
5285.78
671-9.39
104.03
11065
75.78
85.68
158.32
164.26
144.66
151.92
29.06
1.34
052
022
0.35
8.22
8.62
391.00
381.22
380.57
390.90
35.58
27.36
4008
26.00
17.52
18.72
18.51
17.93
2.05
1 85
389
1.68
290.19
264.44
294.17
276.69
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.00
3.52
1.39
3.30
1.38
36.29
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
12.99
5256.00
6640.00
102.00
10900
74.00
85.00
157.00
162.00
142.00
150.00
27.00
1.11
0.51
0.22
035
7.90
7.99
380.90
372.60
371.50
382.90
26.79
1957
3065
16.77
16.54
18.24
16.96
17.34
1.21
1.19
1.52
1.10
289.60
263.80
293.50
276.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.29
0.94
2.45
0.96
36.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
CAT452/447
Time:
Max
13.07
5313.00
6800.00
106.00
113.00
78.00
88.00
160.00
166.00
146.00
153.00
32.00
1.42
0.58
0.22
0.35
8.58
9.64
400.80
38910
392.60
403.00
47.01
36.26
49.80
35.05
18.18
19.30
19.57
18.53
4.20
3.49
6.56
3.43
290.80
265.20
295.10
277.30
0.00
0.00
1.51
0.00
7.24
2.45
5.76
2.44
36.70
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
11:35:14
STDV
0.01
8.64
53.54
0.28
0.52
0.83
0.42
0.88
0.72
0.75
0.86
1.39
0.13
0.03
0.00
0.00
031
0.30
4.39
3.38
4.51
3.29
4.72
3.33
4.47
3.74
0.34
0.25
0.54
0.26
0.77
0.38
1.14
0.50
0.29
0.32
0.39
0.36
0.00
0.00
0.18
0.00
0.83
0.24
0.64
0.25
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Variance
0.10
0.16
0.80
026
0.47
1.10
0.49
0.56
0.44
0.52
0.56
479
9.71
6.27
0.00
0.00
3.76
346
1.12
0.89
1 19
0.84
1328
12 19
11.14
14.39
1.93
1.36
2.91
1.45
37.79
20.65
29.19
29.66
0.10
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.00
0.00
835.37
0.00
23.54
17.55
19.40
17.87
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
   Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run4 QC - 110%trq
Data Point Number: 040299-Run4
  Description
270RPM 1.3BTDC 8/2.55 PCC CAT524/517
                   Date:  04/02/99
      Average     Min       Max
  Time:   12:14:13
STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Kg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scth)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B S CO (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)' Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
34.21
12.04
59.69
801
28.59
0.01463
110.22
1787.82
1621.66
5.44
518.04
55049
68095
552.67
627.81
270.00
269.56
447.50
376.51
8102.28
928.90
3284.86
0.61
6370
35.05
6031
41.05
117.26
5008
341
0.65
013
4.23
4.53
7 52
7.70
14.70
14.80
78.70
29.73
3.48
3.33
304.62
315.10
321.47
325.04
1463.54
1477.64
1092.41
1049.49
48.14
4949
32.00
12.04
57.00
7.98
27.00

108.10
1763.00
1598.00
5.40
517.00
548.00
677.00
54900
62400
270.00
267.00
443.00
372.50
7925.00
928.90
3240.00
0.61
63.25
33.99
60.21
41.00
11500
49.50
341
0.65
0.13
4.23
4.46
7.52
7.31
14.70
14.80
77.00
29.00
3.48
3.33
290.50
294.50
307.80
303.90
139850
1355.30
1043.30
959.00
42.90
44.90
37.00
12.04
61.00
8.04
29.00

112.50
1812.00
1666.00
547
520.00
554.00
685.00
555.00
632.00
270.00
27200
451.00
381.20
8248.00
928.90
3337.00
0.61
6428
36.20
60.40
4300
11900
50.60
3.41
0.65
0.13
423
4.98
7.52
8.13
14.70
14.80
81.20
30.70
3.48
3.33
316.30
339.70
331.90
350.50
1535.80
1582.50
1235.30
1135.70
54.80
52.00
0.77
0.00
1.08
001
0.81

0.72
7.88
14.93
0.01
0.85
1.23
1 39
1.13
1.25
0.00
1.56
3.10
2.21
61.10
0.00
1495
0.00
0.27
0.32
0.03
0.30
0.61
0.42
0.00
0.00
000
000
0.17
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.79
0.27
0.00
0.00
4.61
7.11
5.20
7.48
22.39
34.49
37.95
41.38
5.39
2.20
2.25
0.00
1.81
0.14
2.83

0.65
0.44
0.92
0.24
0.16
0.22
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.00
0.58
0.69
0.59
075
0.00
0.45
0.00
0.42
0.92
0.06
0.73
0.52
0.84
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.86
0.00
3.08
0.00
0.00
1.01
091
0.00
0.00
1.51
2.26
1.62
2.30
1.53
2.33
3.47
3.94
11.20
4.45

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run4 QC - 110%trq 270RPM 1.3BTDC 8/2.55 PCC CAT524/517
Data Point Number: 040299-Run4
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
Average
16.02
7323.79
8714.81
103.23
108.53
79.25
89.33
157.41
164.98
143.66
154.85
28.80
0.56
0.00
3.67
3.80
5.91
6.27
504.02
499.24
504.88
498.99
2456
18.30
25.49
20.48
1720
17.08
17.24
17.20
1.25
1.14
1.31
1.26
304.94
278.94
308.48
292.56
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.57
0.68
1.62
0.82
38.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
Date:
Win
15.97
7297.00
8630.00
101.00
107.00
79.00
88.00
155.00
163.00
142.00
153.00
26.00
0.56
000
3.67
380
5.86
574
49650
493.30
499.80
492.40
17.24
12.93
18.54
15.48
16.81
16.68
16.74
16.80
0.94
0.94
0.99
0.94
304.30
278.40
307.80
292.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.19
0.55
1.25
0.66
38.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
04/02799
Max
16.05
7347.00
8780.00
105.00
111.00
82.00
91.00
159.00
165.00
145.00
155.00
32.00
0.56
0.00
367
3.80
6.41
6.48
50990
503.70
510.10
503.80
3577
26.89
3307
26.77
17.84
17.48
17.69
17.63
1.64
1.66
1.69
1.80
305.60
279.70
309.50
293.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.93
0.95
2.03
1.00
39.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
Time:
STDV
0.01
7.81
61 39
0.63
0.89
0.51
0.49
0.67
0.18
0.61
0.53
1 43
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.15
0.09
301
226
2.76
2.28
3.23
272
3.25
2.86
0.22
0.20
0.23
0.18
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.19
0.31
0.34
0.38
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.15
0.08
0.16
0.08
002
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
12:14:13
Variance
0.07
0 11
0.70
061
082
0.64
0.54
0.43
0.11
0.42
034
4.96
000
000
000
0.00
250
1.49
060
0.45
055
0.46
13.16
14.86
12.76
13.94
1.27
1.16
1.36
1.03
11.37
12.86
10.84
15.16
0 10
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
9.86
11.80
9.76
9.36
0.06
000
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
000
0,00
0.00

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Enaines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run4 carb 429 - 110%trq 270RPM 1.3BTDC 8/2.55 PCC CAT524/517
Data Point Number: 040299-Run4-429 Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Description Average Win Max STDV
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
34.12
12.04
56.95
8.01
28.28
0.01448
110.24
1786.78
1633.63
5.44
518.81
551.07
681.21
551.93
627.60
270.00
26953
447.04
376.70
8089.26
928.62
3282.27
060
64.50
35.04
60.36
41.04
118.21
5043
3.41
0.65
0.13
4.47
4.58
7.47
7.63
14.56
1473
78.16
30.78
3.44
3.36
305.98
318.78
325.90
329.20
1464.67
1476.56
1146.21
1048.90
47.90
50.52
31.00
12.04
55.00
7.97
27.00

108.10
1758.00
1597.00
537
517.00
549.00
677.00
549.00
624.00
270.00
267.00
443.00
372.50
7925.00
928.50
3237.00
0.60
64 10
33.96
60.22
41 00
116.00
49.60
3.41
065
013
4.23
4.43
7.45
7.32
14.50
14.70
77.00
2960
3.42
3.33
292.50
296.30
312.90
306.30
1399.70
1368.00
1074.90
940.10
41.80
43.50
37.00
12.04
59.00
8.07
2900

112.50
1813.00
1667.00
5.48
520.00
555.00
686.00
556.00
631.00
270.00
272.00
451.00
381.50
8249.00
928.90
3326.00
061
6483
35.91
60.47
43.00
120.00
50.60
341
065
0.13
458
4.96
7.52
8.21
14.70
1480
79.60
32.10
348
3.37
315.80
339.70
337.50
351.30
1530.90
1573.60
1235.30
1155.80
55.90
57.50
0.83
0.00
0.80
0.01
0.96

0.74
8.08
14.49
0.01
068
1.14
1.34
1.21
1.35
0.00
1.58
3.01
221
61.06
0.19
1434
000
017
0.31
0.04
0.27
0.56
0.17
0.00
0.00
000
0.16
0.15
003
0.19
0.09
0.05
0.48
058
0.03
002
3.81
6.42
4.15
6.70
20.10
31.77
57.32
52.33
4.48
3.23
12:48:00
Variance
2.44
0.00
1.41
0.16
3.40

0.67
0.45
0.89
0.25
0.13
0.21
020
0.22
0.21
0.00
0.59
0.67
0.59
0.75
002
0.44
0.23
0.26
0.89
0.07
0.65
0.48
0.34
0.00
000
0.00
3.62
3.17
0.43
2.53
0.64
031
0.61
1.89
0.81
0.55
1.24
2.01
1.27
2.03
1.37
2.15
5.00
4.99
9.35
6.39

-------
Test Description: Run4 carb 429 - 1 10%trq 270RPM 1.3BTDC 8/2.55 PCC CAT524/517
Data Point Number: 040299-Run4~429 Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Description Average Min Max STDV
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.02
7327.00
8706.06
105.55
112.16
80.12
90.08
157.43
164.99
143.31
154.58
28.94
054
0.00
3.68
375
5.91
6.32
50477
49943
504 19
49919
2446
1808
2533
2043
17 13
17.04
17.22
17.16
1.22
1 15
1 32
1.24
30488
27889
307.98
292.58
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
1.58
0.67
1.60
0.81
3890
25.00
120.00
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
15.98
7296.00
8630.00
104.00
109.00
78.00
90.00
155.00
163.00
142.00
153,00
26.00
0.53
0.00
3.67
372
5.89
5.76
495.40
491.80
498.40
492.50
16.93
12.55
16.70
12.87
16.62
16.48
16.69
16.74
0.84
0.80
1.01
0.78
304.00
278.10
307.50
291.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.15
0.46
1.20
0.64
38.70
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.05
7350.00
8780.00
106.00
114.00
82.00
92.00
159,00
165.00
146.00
155.00
3200
0.56
0.00
3.69
3.80
5.92
6.48
512.70
506.00
510.00
507.30
35.53
2877
37.16
30.49
1777
17.63
17.65
17.60
1.68
1.62
1.77
1.71
305.50
27970
308.70
293.40
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.99
0.89
1.98
1.00
38.90
25.00
120.00
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
7.74
57.48
0.83
1.28
0.72
0.40
0.71
0.14
0.74
0.81
1.37
001
0.00
0.01
004
0.01
0.10
296
247
2.87
2.63
3.22
2.86
3.55
306
0.21
0.20
0.19
0.21
0.15
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.31
0.32
0.28
035
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.16
0.07
0.14
0.08
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
**« J
12:48:00
Variance
0.07
0.11
0.66
0.79
1.14
0.89
0.45
0.45
009
0.51
053
4.73
2.49
0.00
0 18
1.00
0 18
1.65
0.59
049
0.57
0.53
13.14
1580
14.03
14.97
1.22
1.20
1.09
1.24
12.16
14.82
12 13
13.20
0.10
0 12
009
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
10.13
11.13
8.93
9.54
002
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 5 - 440BHP
Data Point Number: 033199-Run5
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr) Pre-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
C02 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
300RPM 2.8BTDC 15
Date:
Average
67.96
12.01
12.97
15.08
34.53
0.01470
110.59
2168.43
2111.39
11.71
536.96
556.47
679.82
567.55
637.36
300.00
29954
52254
441 49
7996.98
96490
3659 09
062
83.28
47.25
59.34
45.09
129.74
54.04
4.61
0.78
0.00
0.91
0.99
549
5.99
15.10
15.20
113.61
38.74
3.51
3.39
41.34
45.72
39.86
44.38
1026.13
1063.43
789.56
880.39
59.37
86.90
.09/3.39 A/F54
03/31/99
Min
66.00
12.01
11.00
15.02
32.00

10860
2129.00
2092.00
11.52
53500
552.00
675.00
564.00
634.00
300.00
29700
519.00
43510
7824 00
964.90
3613.00
062
83.04
46.10
59.25
45.00
128.00
53.00
4.61
078
000
091
0.99
547
598
15.10
15.20
111.80
37.10
3.51
3.39
39.40
42.00
38.40
40.70
989.90
1009.20
743.60
879.20
53.20
84.40
CAT539/534
Time:
Max
71.00
12.01
13.00
15.13
36.00

112.80
2200.00
2135.00
11.82
537.00
559.00
683.00
571.00
640.00
300.00
302.00
531.00
44770
8285.00
964.90
3748.00
0.62
83.55
48.67
59.40
47.00
132.00
54.10
4.61
078
0.00
0.91
0.99
6.00
7.13
15.10
15.20
117.50
41.40
3.51
3.39
4390
52.50
41.90
51.00
1116.90
1265.70
808.20
880.40
67.60
88.30
16:00:00
STDV
0.95
0.00
0.26
0.02
1.09

0.71
9.93
6.21
0.04
0.28
1.33
1.44
1.21
1.17
000
1.56
3.11
247
55.08
0.00
1532
0.00
0 14
0.41
0.03
042
0.77
0.16
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.08
0.07
0.00
0.00
1.12
0.67
0.00
000
0.78
1.55
0.72
1.53
14.40
19.79
23.16
0.11
501
1.25
Variance
140
0.00
2.00
0.12
3.17

065
0.46
0.29
0.31
0.05
0.24
0.21
0.21
0 18
000
052
0.60
0.56
0.69
000
042
0.00
0 17
0.87
005
092
0.59
0.29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.39
1 19
0.00
0.00
0.98
1.73
0.00
0.00
1.90
3.38
1.80
3.44
1.40
1.86
2.93
0.01
8.45
1.44

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 5 - 440BHP 300RPM 2.8BTDC 15.09/3.39 A/F54 CAT539/534
Data Point Number: 033199-Run5
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
Date:
Average
16.61
7730.59
9159.94
131.26
137.29
114.00
125.87
156.12
164.39
141.93
152.34
29.13
0.78
0.22
0.90
0.95
5.46
572
510.27
514.38
504.79
530.94
33.43
27.54
36.89
25.96
18.97
18.43
19.57
17.76
1.83
1.53
2.22
1.35
370.21
33598
375.60
350.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.71
0.89
2.13
0.96
40.44
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
03/31/99
Min
16.53
7676.00
9100.00
130.00
135.00
114.00
124.00
155.00
162.00
14000
152.00
27.00
0.78
0.23
0.90
0.95
5.44
5.71
498.60
509.70
495.70
524.40
27.87
17.23
27.22
17.39
18.04
1794
1874
17.45
1.25
1.13
1.39
1.01
369.00
335.20
374.50
349.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.27
0.65
1.40
0.75
40.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
Time:
Max
16.67
7771.00
9310.00
133.00
140.00
11400
128.00
158.00
167.00
143.00
154.00
32.00
0.78
0.23
0.90
0.95
5.99
6.82
521.80
519.70
514.20
536.60
41.07
36.12
60.24
32.74
19.56
18.81
20.12
18.31
3.97
2.10
4.33
1.79
370.90
336.30
376.30
350.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.80
1.19
4.70
1.17
40.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16:00:00
STDV
0.02
14.17
52.34
0.57
0.70
0.00
0.51
0.99
0.74
0.63
0.75
1.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.06
453
211
4.29
2.69
3.39
3.80
567
3.55
0.27
0.16
0.31
0.18
0.52
0.18
0.70
0.17
0.39
0.30
0.38
0.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.29
0.11
0.40
0.09
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Variance
0.12
0.18
0.57
0.44
0.51
0.00
0.41
0.64
0.45
045
0.50
4.56
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.85
1.10
0.89
041
0.85
051
10.13
1381
15.37
13.67
1 41
0.90
1.58
0.99
28.64
11.89
31 70
1270
0.11
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.19
11.83
18.66
9.87
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State University: Enaines and Enerav Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run 6 - 440BHP 300RPM 1.8BTDC 12.01/2.7 A/F54
Data Point Number: 033199-Run6 Date: 03/31/99
Description Average Min
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY {%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfti)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
62.84
12.01
16.24
12.01
29.64
0.01352
11024
1848.22
1800.07
9.31
567.25
616.50
742.39
61444
70274
30000
299.39
519.59
441.50
7965.48
964.90
3643.92
0.62
82.58
46.81
59.35
45.29
133.39
4560
4.08
0.62
0.00
2.70
2.76
4.22
4.54
14.34
14.17
83.74
30.65
3.90
3.71
203.59
200.12
226.44
229.27
942.00
953.53
686.52
666.04
51.09
56.24
60.00
12.01
15.00
11.95
28.00

107.70
1819.00
1784.00
9.21
567.00
612.00
738.00
611.00
699.00
300.00
297.00
51500
435.60
7837.00
964.90
3599 00
0.62
82.10
45.76
59.25
45.00
132.00
44.70
3.59
0.61
0.00
2.68
2.70
419
4.52
14.20
14.10
82.40
29.50
3.88
3.68
191.90
180.90
212.90
207.30
911.80
911.90
662.00
640.00
47.10
54.60
CAT574/567
Time:
Max
66.00
12.01
17.00
12.06
30.00

112.50
1874.00
1820.00
941
569.00
62000
748.00
61700
707.00
300.00
302.00
536.00
448.70
8095.00
964.90
3690.00
0.62
83.17
47.93
59.44
47.00
136.00
46.10
4.12
0.63
0.00
2.71
293
4.23
4-.S5
14.40
14.20
84.60
31.80
3.94
3.79
215.00
224.70
240.40
257.50
970.40
1000.30
726.50
741.50
56.90
61.20
18:05:00
STDV
1.09
0.00
0.97
0.02
0.77

0.73
9.45
5.56
0.04
0.66
1.43
1.58
1.21
1.39
0.00
1.49
4.05
2.41
48.39
000
1510
000
0.24
0.39
0.04
0.71
0.79
0.32
0.13
0.01
0.00
0.01
010
0.02
0.01
0.09
0.04
0.56
0.40
0.03
0.05
5.40
7.35
6.04
8.59
10.38
14.72
28.57
32.36
3.55
2.04
Variance
1.74
0.00
5.98
0.13
2.58

0.66
0.51
0.31
0.39
0 12
0.23
0.21
0.20
0.20
0.00
0.50
0.78
0.55
0.61
000
0.41
0.00
0.29
0.84
0.06
1.56
0.59
0.69
3.14
1.44
0.00
0.50
3.74
0.43
0.30
0.63
0.32
0.67
1.29
0.69
1.33
2.65
3.68
2.67
3.75
1.10
1.54
4.16
4.86
6.95
3.62

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 6 - 440BHP 300RPM 1.8BTDC 12.01/2.7 A/F54
Data Point Number: 0331 99-Run6 Date: 03/31/99
Description Average Win
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.60
7727.01
9107.39
132.74
139.11
112.21
123.09
155.04
164.12
14241
154.03
28.90
0.28
0.22
2.82
2.68
440
4.39
52364
511 95
522.33
517.41
2502
21.79
27.79
21.42
17.92
17.93
18.28
17.81
1.34
1.34
1.52
1.26
340.67
310.34
346.89
323.53
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.94
0.67
1.66
0.87
40.69
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
2500
120.00
16.53
7671.00
9020.00
131.00
138.00
110.00
120.00
154.00
162.00
140.00
154.00
27.00
0.28
0.23
2.79
261
4.35
4.38
516.30
507.00
513.60
510.30
17.22
13.63
20.41
13.76
17.45
17.48
1778
17.34
1.06
1 04
1.14
0.98
339.80
309.70
344.30
322.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.70
0.49
1.24
0.74
40.50
25.00
120.00
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
CAT574/567
Time:
Max
16.71
7801.00
9390.00
134.00
141.00
114.00
124.00
156.00
165.00
145.00
156.00
32.00
028
0.23
284
2.87
441
4.39
531.30
519.40
52940
524.40
37.82
2878
36.23
29.56
18.57
18.45
18.94
18.24
1.75
1.76
2.04
1.82
341.20
31070
35850
323.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.29
0.88
3.16
1.03
40.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
18:05:00
STDV
0.03
17.40
70.50
0.46
0.47
0.98
1.00
0.94
0.80
0.73
0.24
1.37
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.11
003
0.00
300
2.33
3.35
3.14
3.48
2.98
3.87
3.28
0.20
0.20
0.21
0.18
0.16
0.16
0.19
0.15
0.33
0.25
3.34
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.08
0.35
0.08
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Variance
0.15
0.23
0.77
0.35
0.34
0.88
081
0.60
049
0.51
0.16
4.73
0.00
0.00
0.68
4.25
0.66
0.08
0.57
046
064
061
13.89
13.67
13.94
15.29
1.11
1.12
1.17
1.03
11.67
1210
12.52
12.11
0.10
0.08
0.96
009
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
12.73
12.04
21.22
8.93
016
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratoty
  Test Description: Run8 - 380BHP 270RPM 12.87/2.81 2
Data Point Number: 033199-Run8              Date:
  Description                           Average
6BTDC PCC A/F55 CAT503/498
  03/31/99       Time:  23:35:14
    Win       Max      STDV     Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLO PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (IMb^
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%). Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%)• Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected)- Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
49.35
12.01
43.93
12.87
34.18
0.01511
109.87
1968.02
1843.07
10.06
499.56
51777
641.02
532.71
605.01
270.00
269.64
44866
37836
8000.36
964.90
3136.27
0.62
76.39
33.82
60.03
35 14
129.01
55.03
3.68
1 45
0.56
0.00
0.50
7.09
7.50
15.60
15.40
120.81
41.02
3.26
2.96
33.36
36.74
29.87
33.71
1307.19
1298.20
948.11
894.39
68.76
84.32
47.00
12.01
43.00
12.80
34.00

107.40
1939.00
1825.00
9.92
498.00
514.00
63800
53000
602.00
270.00
267.00
444.00
373.90
7802.00
964.90
3092.00
062
75.07
32.82
59.95
35.00
127.00
54.70
368
1.45
0.56
0.00
0.50
6.95
7.18
15.60
15.40
118.30
39.20
3.26
2.96
31.50
33.80
28.50
31.00
1264.60
1222.40
842.30
845.40
62.70
78.50
52.00
12.01
45.00
12.95
36.00

111.80
2000.00
1867.00
10.18
502.00
522.00
645.00
536.00
608.00
270.00
273.00
452.00
383.00
8190.00
964.90
3222.00
0.62
77.62
35.19
60.12
37.00
131.00
55.79
3.68
1.45
0.56
0.00
0.50
7.51
8.01
15.60
1540
123.90
43.50
3.26
2.96
35.20
41.20
31.40
37.80
1342.70
1368.80
995.90
961.40
76.20
92.50
0.89
0.00
1.00
0.02
0.58

0.75
9.59
5.86
0.04
0.59
1.03
1.46
1.08
1.24
0.00
1.69
3.23
2.32
61.38
000
15.90
0.00
0.76
0.36
0.03
051
034
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.23
0.21
0.00
0.00
1.11
0.67
0.00
0.00
0.75
1.12
0.64
1.04
14.81
24.76
49.79
41.06
4.30
4.42
1.80
000
2.27
0.17
1.68

0.68
0.49
0.32
0.41
0.12
0.20
0.23
0.20
020
000
0.63
0.72
0.61
0.77
0.00
0.51
0.00
1.00
1.06
0.05
1.45
0.26
0.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.31
2.84
0.00
0.00
0.92
1.63
0.00
0.00
2.24
3.05
2.13
3.08
1.13
1.91
5.25
459
6.25
5.24

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run8 - 380BHP 270RPM 12.87/2.81 2
Data Point Number: 033199-Run8              Date:
  Description                           Average
.6BTDC PCC A/F55 CAT503/498
  03/31/99       Time:   23:35:14
    Min      Max      STDV    Variance
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.07
7359.67
873613
123.02
126.38
93.57
103.13
157.13
164.53
143 60
15380
25.35
1.41
022
005
0.33
6.34
628
498 12
49500
501.09
51587
32.15
24,16
34.27
23.90
18.29
17.89
18.55
17.19
1.58
1 38
1.71
1.29
347.88
317.04
351.54
332.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.97
0.89
2.00
0.92
38.03
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.03
7325.00
8650.00
121.00
124.00
91.00
103.00
155.00
163.00
142.00
152.00
2300
1 41
0.23
0.06
0.33
634
6.11
489.10
484.40
489.80
507.00
24.38
17.66
24.85
16.82
17.59
17.39
17.96
16.81
1.17
1.09
1.24
1.02
347.20
316.30
351.00
332.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.42
0.68
1.48
0.72
37.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.10
7384.00
8810.00
125.00
129.00
95.00
105.00
159.00
165.00
14600
155.00
28.00
1.41
0.23
0.06
0.33
6.34
6.71
505.40
502.90
512.20
523.00
43.75
31.87
46.00
29.71
18.76
18.59
19.19
17.60
2.94
1.84
3.42
1.82
348.50
317.70
352.20
333.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.13
1.18
2.70
1.25
38.30
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
7.86
64.73
0.75
1.19
0.66
0.50
0.78
0.85
0.65
0.80
1.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.23
3.88
3.48
4.28
273
4.24
3.15
4.63
2.70
0.26
0.27
0.25
0.19
0.24
0.16
0.38
0.15
0.34
0.37
0.30
0.38
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.29
0.10
0.24
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.11
0.74
0.61
0.94
0.70
0.48
0.50
0.52
0.45
052
5.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.60
078
0.70
085
053
13.18
13.03
1350
11.28
1.41
1.50
1 32
1.11
15.26
11.21
22.52
11.97
0 10
0.12
0.09
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1487
11.77
12.10
11.26
0.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00

-------
 Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run 8a - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC A/F55 CAT505/500
Data Point Number: 040299-RunSa
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ibw/lb/d
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE fHg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scth)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE f'H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
B S NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%). Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%). Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Average
33.32
12.04
55.94
1287
34.01
001529
110.51
2050.22
1841 18
10.06
502.03
52063
642.03
533.26
601.11
270.00
26949
451.91
37744
8122.04
928.50
3301.64
060
6496
3548
60.34
4200
118.80
56.75
4.23
1 16
0.00
0.00
0.50
801
8.51
15.40
15.50
118 10
45.43
299
2.92
28.86
33.10
26.54
29.96
1376.31
1420.95
1087.22
1014.78
40.75
44.16
Date:
Min
31.00
12.04
53.00
12.80
31.00

108.10
2022.00
1819.00
9.98
500.00
518.00
638.00
531 .00
598.00
270.00
263.00
448.00
371 40
7943.00
928.50
3250.00
060
64.53
3427
60.24
42.00
117.00
56.00
3.62
1.16
0.00
000
050
7.54
7.98
1540
15.50
114.70
43.70
2.99
2.92
27.40
30.30
25.40
27.40
1315.90
1326.90
1043.30
940.10
31.20
40.20
04/02/99
Max
36.00
12.04
57.00
12.94
35.00

113.00
2081.00
186900
10.12
50400
525.00
646.00
537.00
605.00
270.00
273.00
456.00
382.10
8395.00
928.50
3361 .00
060
65.43
37.90
60.43
42.00
121.00
57.29
433
1.16
0.00
0.00
0.50
8.30
9.72
15.40
15.50
122.40
49.10
2.99
2.92
30.00
37.50
27.40
34.00
1458.00
1610.90
1138.10
1096.60
55.30
46.90
Time:
STDV
0.83
0.00
1.07
0.02
1.07

0.78
9.99
9.60
0.02
0.31
1.25
1.31
1.15
1.30
0.00
1.72
2.97
2.35
67.69
0.00
1776
0.00
0.28
0.40
0.03
0.00
0.61
0.53
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.15
0.25
0.00
0.00
1.29
0.82
0.00
0.00
0.54
1.05
0.49
0.95
23.84
33.70
37.64
47.01
646
1.94
16:32:00
Variance
2.50
0.00
1.91
0.14
3.15

070
0.49
0.52
0.21
0.06
0.24
0.20
0.22
0.22
0.00
0.64
0.66
0.62
083
000
0.54
0.00
043
1.14
0.05
000
0.51
0.93
2.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.86
291
0.00
0.00
1.09
1.81
0.00
0.00
1.87
316
1.83
3.18
1.73
2.37
346
4.63
15.84
4.39

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run 8a - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC A/F55 CAT505/500
Data Point Number: 040299-Run8a Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Description Average Win Max STDV
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDERS LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.04
7341 .82
8800.89
107.59
114.67
80.00
90.34
157.38
164.77
142.25
152.02
29.15
0.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.49
6.84
48443
493.14
484.36
497.73
39.33
25.89
39.24
26.56
19.25
18.47
19.58
18.39
2.24
1.51
2.45
1 47
352.04
320.78
355.42
336.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.98
095
2.36
1.01
38.91
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
15.98
7316.00
8720.00
106.00
113.00
78.00
89.00
155.00
162.00
141.00
15200
27.00
0.95
000
000
0.00
649
6.72
474.50
485.80
476.70
492.10
29.09
1898
30.29
17.86
17.89
17.83
18.89
17.98
1.44
1 13
1.41
1.06
351.10
319.90
354.90
335.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.12
0.75
1.79
0.77
38.80
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.08
7365.00
8880.00
108.00
115.00
80.00
92.00
160.00
166.00
14400
154.00
32.00
0.95
000
0.00
0.00
6.49
7.82
49340
500.60
495.70
507.80
51.42
3359
48.60
33.60
19.98
19.07
20.43
18.83
500
2.01
5.26
1.95
352.70
321.50
35610
337.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.37
1.21
4.08
1.23
39.50
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
8.60
59.58
0.54
0.74
0.09
0.54
0.55
0.63
0.67
0.22
1.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
352
3.17
4.29
315
4.77
367
4.74
3.66
0.34
0.23
0.31
0.22
0.77
0.19
087
0.21
0.34
0.34
0.30
0.38
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.80
0.12
0.40
0.11
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
16:32:00
Variance
0.08
0.12
0.68
0.50
0.65
0.11
0.60
0.35
0.38
0.47
0 14
437
0.00
000
000
000
000
1.59
073
064
089
0.63
12.14
14 18
1207
13.78
1 76
1.26
1.61
1.22
3413
12.85
3558
1400
0 10
011
0.09
0.11
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
26.76
12 11
16.90
10.49
017
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run8-b - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC A/F55 CAT505/499
Data Point Number: 040199-Run8-b
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected). Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Average
32.45
12.04
61.97
12.87
33.34
0.01498
110.51
2051 88
1850.30
10.06
501.97
521 19
641.93
533.16
601.21
270.00
269.52
451 80
376.94
8142.01
928.50
3304.72
0.60
64.59
3554
60.33
42.00
118.87
56.86
4.12
1 16
0.00
0.00
0.50
8.00
8.54
15.40
15.50
118.51
46.36
2.99
2.92
28.76
33.25
26.56
30.09
1379.96
1425.68
1152.91
1031.04
41 43
41.28
Date:
Min
29.00
12.04
57.00
12.76
31.00

107.70
2020.00
1816.00
9.82
500.00
518.00
639.00
529.00
59800
270.00
266.00
448.00
372.20
7904.00
928.50
3243.00
0.60
64.07
34.17
60.19
42.00
11600
56.00
3.58
1.16
0.00
0.00
0.50
7.61
8.02
15.40
15.50
114.70
44.40
2.99
2.92
27.40
30.00
25.40
27.20
1320.70
1344.50
1043.30
940.10
31.20
35.90
04/02/99
Max
35.00
12.04
69.00
12.96
35.00

112.80
2079.00
1902.00
10.16
504.00
526.00
646.00
537.00
606.00
270.00
27300
456.00
383.60
8466.00
928.50
3394.00
0.60
65.40
37.35
60.44
42.00
121.00
57.40
4.39
1.16
0.00
0.00
0.50
8.63
10.02
1540
15.50
122.40
49.20
2.99
2.92
30.00
38.40
27.90
34.70
1487.20
1670.60
1235.30
1135.70
56.40
46.90
Time:
STDV
1.07
0.00
3.58
0.02
0.85

0.78
9.54
23.24
0.03
0.64
1.73
1.29
1.37
1.63
0.00
1.71
3.27
2.33
70.15
0.00
19.45
0.00
0.41
0.43
0.04
0.00
0.86
051
0.16
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.17
0.23
0.00
0.00
1.14
0.77
0.00
0.00
0.57
1.07
0.51
0.96
23.01
33.12
59.10
52.91
6.98
2.70
17:05:00
Variance
3.30
0.00
5.78
0.16
2.56

0.71
0.46
1.26
0.27
0.13
0.33
0.20
0.26
0.27
0.00
0.63
0.72
0.62
0.86
0.00
0.59
0.00
0.64
1.22
0.07
0.00
073
089
3.77
0.00
0.00
000
000
2.16
2.70
0.00
0.00
0.96
1.67
0.00
0.00
1.97
3.21
1.93
3.20
1.67
2.32
5.13
5.13
16.84
6.55

-------
Test Description: Run8-b - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC A/F55 CAT505/499
Data Point Number: 0401 99-Run8-b Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Description Average Min Max STDV
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.04
7340.33
8799.59
107.78
114.35
79.89
90.54
157.32
164.65
142.36
152.01
29.08
0.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
648
6.90
482.44
49336
48540
49831
39.80
25.83
38.81
2603
19.25
18.45
1954
18.35
2.56
1.52
241
1.43
352.21
321.05
355.76
336.74
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.02
0.96
2.34
1.01
38.93
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.00
7311.00
8720.00
106.00
112.00
78.00
89.00
155.00
163.00
140.00
152.00
27.00
0.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.45
6.50
473.50
486.90
47540
490.70
26.84
18.12
27.24
18.38
18.36
17.86
18.33
17.72
1.41
1.05
1.30
1.07
351.40
320.30
355.10
335.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.07
0.66
1.69
0.70
38.70
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.08
7374.00
8880.00
110.00
115.00
82.00
92.00
159.00
166.00
144.00
154.00
32.00
0.95
0.00
0.00
000
7.01
8.08
493.30
500.10
49530
509.30
5293
36.04
56.42
34.05
20.10
18.95
20.36
18.84
4.52
2.25
5.94
1.90
353.20
322.10
356.50
337.90
1.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
11.33
1.42
3.62
1.28
39.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
9.30
64.00
0.59
0.94
0.56
0.69
080
0.60
0.68
0.16
1.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.09
0 19
3.97
2.89
4.14
3.26
5.12
3.42
5.87
3.51
0.30
0.21
0.32
0.24
0.86
0.21
0.85
0.18
0.37
0.39
0.32
0.43
0.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.94
0.12
0.35
0.12
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
•**• J
17:05:00
Variance
0.08
0.13
0.73
0.54
0.82
0.70
0.76
0.51
0.37
0.48
0.10
4.32
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.46
2.79
082
059
0.85
0.65
12.86
13.23
15.12
13.48
1.58
1.13
1.63
1.30
33.75
13.53
35.25
12.59
0.11
0.12
0.09
0.13
1108.49
0.00
0.00
0.00
31.21
12.98
15.10
11.51
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Test Description: Run9-a - 440BHP 300RPM 1 .8BTDC 1 1 .8/2.75 PCC
Data Point Number: 040199-Run9-a Date:
Description Average Min
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm}
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S CO (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
B.S NOx (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%)• Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%)• Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm) Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)- Post-Catalyst
30.95
12.03
49.82
11.83
5.52
0.00142
91.59
1900.12
1783.65
9.13
547.76
597,15
724.33
595.22
678.38
299.00
29943
519.89
441.39
8070.36
982.20
3627.13
0.64
65.53
45.78
59.74
49.23
114.43
48.91
3.95
1.08
0.50
1 50
1.61
4.76
5.26
14.50
14.60
84.22
29.97
3.29
3.26
122.35
131.73
132.94
140.62
963.99
1002.78
797.00
698.35
31.38
28.49
28.00
12.03
49.00
11.73
4.00

86.80
1866.00
1764.00
9.02
540.00
587.00
715.00
590.00
669.00
299.00
297.00
517.00
43570
7932 00
982.20
3586.00
0.64
65.11
44.76
59.68
49.00
113.00
48.40
3.59
1.08
0.50
1.03
1.11
4.74
5.26
14.50
14.60
81.90
28.70
3.29
3.26
9810
107.20
105.80
113.20
940.60
967.30
776.80
677.90
26.40
26.30
90AMT CAT537/527
04/01/99 Time:
Max STDV
33.00
12.03
53.00
11.91
6.00

94.20
1934.00
1810.00
9.20
551.00
602.00
729.00
600.00
68300
299.00
302.00
528.00
447.40
8191.00
982.20
3679.00
0.64
65.94
4677
59.83
51.00
116.00
49.29
4.33
1.08
0.50
1.53
1.62
5.26
5.26
14.50
1460
86.70
31.00
3.29
3.26
136.00
149.20
146.70
159.40
994.00
1060.10
80820
717.40
40.10
34.40
0.71
0.00
1.03
0.02
0.86

1.56
9.31
6.70
0.02
2.38
2.24
2.59
1.55
2.47
0.00
1 47
3.32
2.45
49.12
0.00
15.07
0.00
027
0.40
0.02
0.64
1.01
0.39
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.07
0.09
000
0.00
0.00
1.05
0.43
0.00
0.00
7.26
7.32
7.92
8.10
901
14.26
14.57
17.07
4.18
1.90
23:55:00
Variance
2.28
0.00
2.07
0.15
15.52

1.70
0.49
0.38
0.24
0.43
0.37
036
026
0.36
0.00
0.49
0.64
056
0.61
0.00
0.42
0.00
0.42
0.87
0.04
1.30
0.89
0.80
476
0.00
0.00
763
4.11
1.88
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.25
143
0.00
0.00
5.93
5.56
5.96
5.76
0.94
1.42
1.83
2.44
13.31
6.66

-------
Test Description: Run9-a - 440BHP 300RPM 1.8BTDC 11.8/2.75 PCC
Data Point Number: 040199-Run9-a Date:
Description Average Min
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (tt-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.60
7727.98
9110.99
114.95
121.21
8457
9591
156.59
16492
14380
153.95
2941
1.10
0.51
1.52
1.65
5 15
494
521.45
511.07
53482
51354
24.56
22.26
25 18
22.37
18.02
18 15
1776
18.02
1.29
1 31
1.30
1.26
348 58
317.12
353.88
33047
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.98
0.71
1.38
0.83
42.02
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.53
7677.00
9050.00
113.00
119.00
83.00
95.00
154.00
16300
142.00
152.00
28.00
1.10
0.51
1.04
1.13
5.15
4.94
509.90
501.20
527.20
506.40
1871
15.62
17.57
16.04
17.61
17.77
17.48
17.63
0.99
0.96
1.05
0.85
347.30
316.00
352.50
329.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.76
0.56
1.21
0.63
41.70
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
^••.^•^•^•i — >.^^i^i.>
90AMT CAT537/527
04/01/99 Time:
Max STDV
16.68
7781.00
9260.00
115.00
122.00
86.00
97.00
159.00
167.00
146.00
154.00
32.00
1.10
051
1.56
1.66
5.15
4.94
528.20
517.10
544.00
521.90
31 18
30.26
31.77
28.70
18.68
18.63
18.25
18.46
1 63
1 65
1.59
1.61
349.50
317.80
355.40
331.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.26
0.92
1.66
0.98
42.40
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.03
21.31
57.62
0.32
0.72
0.63
1.00
0.80
0.58
0.75
0.30
1.26
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.07
0.00
0.00
4.20
324
3.40
274
279
3.11
3.11
3.24
0.22
0.20
0.19
0.20
0.12
0.14
0.13
0.15
0.48
0.39
0.56
0.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.08
0.10
0.08
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
£iJL
23:55:00
Variance
0.19
0.28
0.63
0.28
0.60
0.75
1.04
0.51
0.35
0.52
0.20
4.30
000
0.00
8.15
4.13
0.00
0.00
0.81
0.63
064
0.53
11.37
1397
12.36
14.48
1.22
1.09
1.08
1.11
9.52
1094
9 81
11.59
0.14
0.12
0 16
0.12
0.00
0,00
0.00
0.00
12.32
11.71
7.45
9.51
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: RunIO-440BHP
Data Point Number: 040199-RunlO
  Description
300RPM 13.24/2.99 1.8BTDC PCC 130AMT CAT565/556
                     Date:  04/01/99       Time:   20:50:00
        Average     Min       Max      STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr)- Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
02 (%). Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected)- Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm). Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
31.49
12.03
52.62
13.24
19.00
0.01454
130.05
2069.14
1857.54
10.25
55842
601.84
738.62
598.10
685.63
299.00
299.52
518.32
441.60
8170.16
98220
3672 80
0.64
6407
46.89
59.70
51.00
114.04
4929
4.37
0.68
0.00
2.15
2.19
495
5.19
14.63
14.63
83.80
29.18
3.66
3.53
14827
155.68
154.85
162.36
964.57
1005.80
765.24
717.95
28.35
28.25
29.00
12.03
51.00
13.19
19.00

127.60
2029.00
1835 00
10.19
556.00
598.00
735.00
595.00
680.00
299.00
297.00
516.00
436.00
8050.00
982.20
3636.00
0.64
62.21
4590
59.61
51.00
113.00
4850
3.70
0.65
0.00
2.13
2.15
4.89
5.17
14.40
14.40
82.50
28.20
3.60
353
139.10
137.40
145.70
143.40
935.80
954.60
744.20
697.00
22.60
26.30
34.00
12.03
55.00
13.28
19.00

132.00
2105.00
1885.00
10.31
560.00
60500
741.00
602.00
690.00
299.00
302.00
526.00
447.30
8297.00
982.20
3707.00
0.64
65.08
47.85
5978
51.00
116.00
50.10
4.41
079
0.00
2.15
2.30
5.16
5.20
14.70
14.70
85.80
30.10
3.84
3.54
158.10
171.00
165.60
178.90
998.90
1065.90
776.80
756.80
35.10
30.30
0.97
0.00
0.94
0.02
0.00

0.77
11.09
6.47
002
073
1.32
1.48
1.37
1.55
0.00
1 54
2.29
2.42
50.61
0.00
13.63
0.00
0.72
0.38
0.03
0.00
041
0.07
003
0.06
0.00
001
0.06
0.11
0.01
013
0.13
0.67
0.35
010
0.00
428
5.43
4.62
5.84
11.98
17.95
15.59
19.90
4.62
1.56
3.09
0.00
1.78
0.12
0.00

0.60
0.54
0.35
0.18
0 13
0.22
0.20
023
0.23
000
0.51
0.44
0.55
062
0.00
0.37
000
1.12
080
0.05
0.00
0.36
0.14
0.78
8.72
0.00
040
2.92
2.32
0.25
0.87
0.87
080
1.21
279
0.12
2.89
349
2.99
3.60
1.24
1.78
2.04
2.77
16.31
5.53

-------
Test Description: RunIO - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99 1
Data Point Number: 040199-RunlO
Description Average
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.61
7729.45
9080.47
115.00
123.31
86.30
98.28
156.03
164.90
142 13
153.91
29.60
0.74
0.01
2.23
2.21
5.01
5.23
516.46
52380
520.41
51493
26.08
22.42
28.43
23.34
18.46
18.00
18.52
18.17
1.38
1.31
1.45
1 33
356.15
323.99
360.62
337.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.09
0.70
1.50
0.87
42.84
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
^-•T>»T>IT wn»wuiwn i-aumaL
.8BTDC PCC 130AMT CAT565/556
Date: 04/01/99 Time:
Min Max STDV
16.53
7678.00
9040.00
115.00
123.00
84.00
96.00
154.00
163.00
141.00
152.00
28.00
0.68
0.01
222
2.19
4.88
5.21
510.20
51640
511.40
509.70
19.86
15.42
21.04
16.51
18.10
17.51
1820
17.82
1.04
1.05
1.09
1.00
355.10
322.90
359.40
336.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.87
0.54
1.24
0.67
42.50
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.67
7770.00
9210.00
115.00
125.00
88.00
100.00
158.00
167.00
144.00
155.00
32.00
092
0.01
2.24
2.29
505
524
522.60
531.50
528.20
520.40
35.88
2917
3669
3205
18.87
18.67
19.01
18.65
1.79
1.61
1.80
1.91
356.50
324.30
361.10
337.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.44
0.87
1.70
1.09
43.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.02
16.98
39.92
0.00
0.72
0.75
0.88
0.79
0.49
0.58
0.31
1.32
0.10
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.07
0.01
2.65
2.94
3.12
2.42
347
2.94
3.44
318
0.16
0.19
0.18
0.16
0.15
0.13
0.14
0.18
0.33
0.28
0.35
0.29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.07
0.12
0.10
0.13
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
my
20:50:00
Variance
0.15
0.22
0.44
0.00
0.59
0.87
0.89
0.51
0.30
0.41
0.20
4.45
13.54
0.00
0.27
1.98
1.44
0.25
0.51
0.56
060
047
13.29
13.09
12.09
13.61
087
1.08
0.95
0.89
11 25
9.92
9.98
13.44
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11.98
9.83
8.30
11.14
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run11 - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC JWO155 CAT507/500
Data Point Number: 040299-Run1 1
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ibvv/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Average
29.25
12.04
67.40
1287
33.34
0.01491
110.36
2019.25
1836.40
10.06
502.92
527.37
647.67
53603
605.40
27000
269.57
452.32
378.33
8056 15
92850
3281.85
060
65.40
35.14
60.29
41.53
120.01
55.24
408
1.10
0.00
0.00
0.50
7.38
8.02
15.20
15.40
118.45
47.46
3.05
3.01
29.87
33.55
27.63
31.15
1326.18
1375.55
1090.06
1026.97
46.22
45.58
Date:
Min
27.00
12.04
67.00
12.73
31.00

108.10
1987.00
1489.00
9.86
501.00
524.00
644.00
53300
60200
27000
266.00
448.00
373.40
7867.00
92850
3230.00
0.60
64.95
34.10
60.19
40.00
11800
54.29
3.22
1.10
0.00
000
0.50
7.36
7.45
15.20
15.40
115.90
42.20
3.05
3.01
28.60
29.40
26.30
27.20
1267.30
1292.60
1010.60
959.00
41.50
41.30
04/02/99
Max
31.00
12.04
69.00
13.07
35.00

112.80
2065.00
1878.00
10.30
505.00
532.00
65200
540.00
608.00
270.00
273.00
456.00
382.80
8363.00
928.50
3421 00
0.60
65.83
38.26
60.37
42.00
122.00
56.29
4.17
1.10
0.00
000
0.50
7.88
9.10
15.20
15.40
121.90
50,50
3.05
3.01
31.30
38.90
29.00
34.70
1437.40
1571.70
1138.10
1116.70
50.60
51.10
Time:
STDV
0.94
0.00
0.80
0.03
1.00

0.81
11.07
41.47
0.04
0.45
1.52
1.35
1.34
1.38
0.00
1.70
3.33
2.33
65.07
0.00
16.95
0.00
028
0.37
003
0.85
0.19
0.09
010
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
009
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.98
0.92
0.00
0.00
0.56
1.10
0.55
1.02
21.34
28.23
40.66
54.15
2.29
2.69
21:38:46
Variance
3.20
0.00
1.19
0.24
301

0.73
0.55
2.26
0.40
0.09
0.29
021
0.25
0.23
0.00
0.63
074
0.61
0.81
000
052
0.00
042
1.06
0.05
2.04
0.16
0 17
236
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
1.28
2.39
0.00
0.00
0.83
1.94
0.00
0.00
1.89
3.28
1 98
3.26
1.61
2.05
3.73
5.27
4.95
5.90

-------
Test Description: Run11 - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12.87/2.81 PCC JWO155 CAT507/500
Data Point Number: 040299-Run11 Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Description Average Min Max STDV
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor- Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.06
7355.91
8807.25
109.12
114.71
77.96
88.14
147.01
154.19
142.58
152.97
29.21
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.47
627
6.40
488.91
493.03
485.35
497.08
38.06
25.63
38.21
25.26
19.18
18.43
19.54
18.34
2.11
1.48
2.30
1.42
351.64
320.39
354.86
336.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
2.63
0.92
2.25
0.97
38.77
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.00
7312.00
8720.00
108.00
113.00
76.00
86.00
145.00
153.00
141.00
151.00
27.00
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.47
6.27
6.11
479.50
484.20
477.00
489.30
28.24
17.59
26.72
18.03
18.46
17.89
18.71
17.89
1.32
1.17
1.30
1.05
350.70
319.30
354.10
335.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.86
0.73
1.47
0.73
38.70
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.10
7379.00
8880.00
111.00
115.00
80.00
90.00
149.00
156.00
144.00
153.00
32.00
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.47
627
6.88
49890
499.80
495.90
504.40
50.51
34.55
49.06
35.37
19.76
18.86
20.13
18.90
5.15
1.99
4.40
1.96
352.20
321 .40
355.60
33710
0.00
0.00
1.51
0.00
9.60
1.08
11.12
1.33
39.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
8.50
63.02
0.45
0.70
0.58
0.59
0.27
0.53
0.79
0.26
1.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.20
4.29
2.87
4.37
3.00
4.68
3.89
4.79
3.93
0.32
0.22
0.33
0.23
0.71
0.18
0.81
0 19
0.39
0.42
0.34
0.45
0.00
0.00
0.14
0.00
0.98
0.09
0.86
0.12
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
vry
21:38:46
Variance
0.08
0.12
0.72
0.41
0.61
0.75
0.67
0.18
0.34
0.56
0.17
4.60
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.07
0.88
0.58
0.90
0.60
12.30
15.19
12.53
15.55
1.64
1.18
1.70
1.24
33.72
12.44
3526
13.59
0.11
0.13
0.10
0.13
0.00
0.00
1108.49
0.00
37.18
10.08
38.13
12.63
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run12 - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12
Data Point Number: 040299-Run12
Description Average
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (llWlbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)' Post-Catalyst
30.45
12.04
69.31
12.87
33.62
0.01501
110.29
2014.71
1809.06
10.06
508.11
531.39
650.79
541.31
610.98
27000
269.51
451.09
37767
8055.50
928.50
3276.43
0.60
66.45
35.08
60.29
42.00
123.55
56.26
4.02
1.07
0.00
0.50
0.52
748
7.90
15.30
15.40
11356
44.61
3.05
2.99
31.97
37.05
30.46
34.24
1311.63
1364.57
1048.79
1121.69
41.20
48.66
.87/2.81 PCCJWO175CAT507/500
Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Win Max STDV
28.00
12.04
69.00
12.80
31.00

107.20
1982.00
1767.00
1000
508.00
527.00
648.00
538.00
607.00
270.00
264.00
447.00
372.60
7888.00
928.50
3230.00
0.60
6600
34.11
60.19
42.00
122.00
55.20
3.57
1.07
0.00
0.50
0.52
7.48
766
15.30
15.40
110.70
42.10
3.05
2.99
30.50
34.00
28.90
31.50
1257.50
1286.70
1009.30
979.20
31.20
41.30
33.00
12.04
71.00
12.94
35.00

112.30
2044 00
1848.00
10.13
510.00
534.00
654.00
544.00
614.00
270.00
273.00
455.00
382.80
8317.00
928.50
3342 00
0.60
66.75
36.24
6037
42.00
124.00
56.40
4.32
1.07
000
0.50
0.52
7.48
8.97
15.30
15.40
116.90
47.30
3.05
2.99
33.60
42.40
31.50
39.10
1393.60
1555.00
1138.10
1783.00
4600
75.90
0.71
0.00
0.73
0.02
1.03

0.71
11.17
12.64
0.03
0.46
1.20
1.31
1.18
1.42
0.00
1.64
3.22
2.32
65.91
0.00
16.74
0.00
0.19
0.37
0.03
0.00
0.84
0.23
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.00
0.00
1.15
0.68
0.00
0.00
0.68
1.13
0.63
1.05
21.68
30.89
4078
250.92
4.93
10.34
20:15:00
Variance
2.33
0.00
1.05
0.17
3.07

0.65
0.55
0.70
0.27
0.09
023
0.20
0.22
0.23
0.00
061
0.71
0.61
0.82
0.00
0.51
0.00
0.28
1.04
0.05
0.00
0.68
0.41
3.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1 61
0.00
0.00
1.01
1.53
0.00
0.00
2.12
3.06
2.07
3.08
1.65
2.26
3.89
22.37
11.97
21.25

-------
Test Description: Run12 - 380BHP 270RPM 2.6BTDC 12
Data Point Number: 040299-Run12
Description Average
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.05
7349.23
8785.15
109.00
114.54
78.74
88.88
167.66
174.51
143.57
153.35
28.98
0.89
0.00
0.00
047
6.09
6.39
490.92
493.56
487.35
499.88
36.55
25.43
39.16
25.35
19.05
18.29
19.39
18.16
2.02
1 44
2.34
1.38
351.22
320.11
354.33
335.87
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.32
0.89
2.10
0.95
38,89
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
.87/2.81 PCC JWO175 CAT507/500
Date: 04/02/99 Time:
Min Max STDV
16.01
7325.00
8700.00
107.00
113.00
76.00
87.00
165.00
173.00
142.00
153.00
26.00
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.47
6.09
6.23
478.10
485.20
477.80
491.70
26.18
1779
29.21
18.58
18.56
17.80
18.57
17.63
1.33
1 00
1.37
1.00
350.50
319.50
353.60
335.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.56
0.66
1.53
0.72
38.70
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.09
7378.00
8860.00
109.00
115.00
79.00
91.00
170.00
177.00
145.00
155.00
32.00
0.89
0.00
000
0.47
6.09
7.31
501.20
503.70
496.80
508.50
49.02
32.53
51.01
38.62
19.48
18.96
20.13
18.71
4.39
1.86
4.42
1.87
352.10
321.00
355.10
336.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.55
1.13
3.09
1.36
39.50
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.01
8.64
63.57
0.06
0.84
0.67
0.56
0.78
0.69
0.66
0.76
1.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.17
4.09
3.50
4.25
3.48
501
3.18
4.74
4.06
0.26
0.22
0.32
0.26
0.67
0.19
0.75
0.20
0.38
0.37
0.35
0.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.40
0.11
0.31
0.12
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
"J.
20:15:00
Variance
0.08
0.12
0.72
0.06
0.73
0.85
0.63
0.47
0.40
0.46
0.50
4.65
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
2.63
0.83
0.71
0.87
070
13.72
12.49
12.11
1602
1.36
1.21
1.66
1.45
33.29
12.88
32.18
14.30
0.11
0.12
0.10
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.32
12.17
14.93
13.14
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State University; Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run 13 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033199-Run13QCcheck
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lt>w/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfrn)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
' CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected). Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
.2BTDC13,
Date:
Average
59.04
12.01
18.56
13.51
33.66
0.01487
110.45
2026.48
1948.75
10.48
569.13
608.46
732.16
610.54
689.30
300.00
299.39
527.08
441.39
8140.84
96490
3724 20
0.62
82.55
48.96
5923
47.00
132.62
48.31
4.14
0.66
0.00
1.41
1.49
4.64
4.67
14.60
14.50
86.07
31.67
3.64
3.55
89.30
93.28
94.41
100.57
910.53
935.65
696.59
619.09
56.93
57.39
.51/3.04A/F49.
03/31/99
Win
57.00
12.01
17.00
13.44
32.00

108.10
1993.00
1929.00
10.35
568.00
605.00
728.00
608.00
685.00
300.00
297.00
520.00
433.90
8002.00
964.90
3688.00
0.62
81.91
47.81
59.13
47.00
131.00
48.20
4.14
0.66
0.00
1.41
1.49
4.64
4.67
14.60
14.50
83.40
30.40
3.64
3.55
83.40
84.50
88.10
90.90
882.50
888.30
674.10
567.50
49.40
54.60
1 CAT574/568
Time: 20:05:00
Max STDV
62.00
12.01
21.00
13.56
36.00

113.00
2060.00
1967.00
10.58
571.00
613.00
736.00
614.00
693.00
300.00
303.00
528.00
446.70
8383.00
964.90
3788.00
0.62
83.25
50.60
59.32
47.00
134.00
49.10
4.14
0.66
0.00
1.41
1.49
4.64
4.67
14.60
14.50
87.80
32.80
3.64
3.55
93.70
103.40
99.10
111.90
941.10
981 .70
735.10
663.00
61.30
63.60
0.82
0.00
1.19
0.02
0.92

0.83
9.99
5.70
0.04
0.92
1.43
1.36
1.28
1.27
0.00
1.55
1.29
2.40
52.46
0,00
1477
0.00
0.37
0.40
0.04
0.00
0.62
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.81
0.36
0.00
0.00
1.98
3.03
2.09
3.31
10.18
14.49
21.75
29.86
3.18
2.96
Variance
1.38
0.00
6.42
0.13
2.74

0.75
0.49
0.29
0.37
0.16
024
0.19
0.21
0.18
0.00
0.52
0.24
0.54
0.64
0.00
0.40
000
0.45
0.81
0.06
0.00
0.47
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.94
1.14
0.00
0.00
2.22
3.25
2.22
3.29
1.12
1.55
3.12
4.82
5.58
5.15

-------
   Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run 13 - 440BHP 300RPM .2BTDC 13
Data Point Number: 033199-Run13QCcheck      Date:
  Description                          Average
.51/3.04 A/F49.1 CAT574/568
  03/31/99       Time:   20:05:00
    Min       Max      STDV    Variance
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.60
7726.84
9238.78
130.99
137.34
108.06
11904
155.36
164.01
141.29
152.97
2907
028
0.22
1.42
1 46
4.67
453
476.95
47859
467.64
483.14
28.85
23.68
32.43
23.85
21.40
21.08
22.00
20.90
1.75
1.54
2.43
1 47
353.06
321.04
35741
334.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.39
0.91
1.93
0.99
41.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.53
7677.00
9120.00
129.00
136.00
107.00
118.00
153.00
162.00
139.00
151.00
27.00
0.28
0.23
1.29
1.35
4.62
4.53
468.30
473.40
453.90
474.00
21 09
16.36
22.66
15.88
20.67
20.68
21.10
20.41
1.27
1.23
1.43
1.14
352.70
320.80
356.90
334.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.04
0.64
1.26
0.75
41.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.70
7798.00
9280.00
133.00
139.00
110.00
121.00
157.00
166.00
143.00
153.00
32.00
0.28
0.23
1.42
1.46
4.67
4.71
485.60
486.00
476.70
48890
38.23
31.36
40.52
34.13
21.95
21.40
22.56
21.54
4.40
1.95
5.38
3.28
354.00
321.50
357.80
334.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.45
1.20
4.06
1.74
41.60
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.02
16.15
20.88
0.17
0.57
0.51
0.56
0.72
0.21
0.73
0.26
1.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
3.76
2.58
4.10
2.79
4.29
3.37
4.16
3.46
0.26
0.16
0.30
0.19
0.52
0.15
0.95
0.29
0.22
0.17
0.18
0.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.12
0.37
0.14
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.14
0.21
023
0.13
0.42
0.47
0.47
0.46
0.13
0.52
0.17
4.38
0.00
0.00
0.30
0.24
0.04
0 13
0.79
0.54
088
0.58
1487
14.22
12.81
14.52
1.22
0.78
1.37
0.89
29.78
9.96
38.97
19.73
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1815
13.13
19.40
14.28
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State University; Engines and Enerav Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run14 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.39/3.04 3.9BTDC PCC A/F50.7 CAT542/537
Data Point Number: 0331 99-Run14 Date: 03/31/99 Time: 21:30:00
Description Average Win Max STDV
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ibw/lb*)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2OJ
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr); Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
02 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm) Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
54.47
12.01
31.47
13.39
34.15
0.01500
110.12
2040.06
1939.25
1035
537.96
570.18
694.24
574.09
654.29
30000
299.47
52645
441.49
7836.50
96490
3585.40
0.62
81,78
45.14
59.44
45.00
129.41
50.00
4 17
0.65
0.00
1.24
1.37
4.56
5.35
14.60
14.50
101.43
34.46
3.70
3.55
87.97
90.09
87.22
92.46
977.71
995.13
708.75
651.84
56.77
61.41
52.00
12.01
31.00
13.29
32.00

107.70
2010.00
1919.00
10.22
536.00
566.00
690.00
570.00
652.00
300.00
296.00
524.00
435.80
7703.00
964.90
3551.00
0.62
80.64
44.00
59.36
45.00
127.00
4979
4.17
0.65
0.00
1.24
1.37
4.47
5.35
14.60
14.50
99.30
32.50
3.70
3.55
83.40
77.20
82.30
79.20
946.00
953.20
674.10
643.70
50.50
59.90
57.00
12.01
33.00
13.45
36.00

112.10
2068.00
1955.00
1045
54000
574.00
698.00
577.00
657.00
300.00
302.00
527.00
446.90
7966 00
964.90
3626.00
0.62
82.49
46.14
59.54
45.00
131.00
50.70
417
0.65
0.00
1.24
1.37
4.99
5.35
14.60
14.50
103.90
36.40
3.70
3.55
93.70
101.00
92.30
103.60
1025.40
1058.30
735.10
663.00
61.30
64.90
0.91
0.00
0.85
0.02
0.87

0.70
9.62
5.35
0.04
045
1.27
1.38
1.05
1.26
000
1.55
0.93
2.42
50.O7
0.00
14.11
0.00
057
0.36
0.04
0.00
0.75
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.95
0.60
0.00
0.00
1.81
3.26
1.87
3.37
12.76
14.99
19.12
9.53
3.66
1.78
Variance
1.68
0.00
2.70
0.18
2.54

0.64
0.47
0.28
0.37
0.08
0.22
0.20
0.18
019
0.00
0.52
0.18
0.55
064
0.00
0.39
0.00
0.70
0.79
0.06
0.00
0.58
0.59
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
4.36
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
1.74
0.00
0.00
2.06
3.62
2.15
3.65
1.31
1.51
2.70
1.46
644
2.90

-------
Test Description: Run14 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.39/3.04 3.9BTDC PCC A/F50.7 CAT542/537
Data Point Number: 0331 99-Run1 4 Date: 03/31/99 Time: 21:30:00
Description Average Min Max STDV
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.60
7728.08
9220.19
129.25
135.76
105.85
116.63
156.18
164.34
141.18
152.66
29.13
0.78
0.22
1.29
1 35
5.12
5.26
545.37
537.69
531.48
550.83
30.62
2570
35.42
23.03
17.00
16.66
17.82
16.18
1.56
1.42
1.87
1.24
353.47
321.51
358.55
335.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.19
0.73
1.78
0.88
40.19
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.54
7684.00
9190.00
128.00
134.00
104.00
116.00
154.00
163.00
139.00
151.00
27.00
0.78
0.23
1.29
1.35
5.12
5.26
538.40
529.70
524.00
54370
20.09
15.31
26.16
16.10
16.47
16.24
17.39
15.73
1.15
1.10
1.37
0.95
353.30
321.30
358.00
334.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.81
0.55
1.40
0.67
40.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.68
7778.00
9250.00
131.00
138.00
108.00
118.00
158.00
166.00
143.00
153.00
32.00
0.78
0.23
1.29
1.35
5.12
5.26
553.70
543.80
542.90
55900
44.41
39.53
52.35
32.60
17.42
17.16
18.25
16.47
2.76
2.16
3.12
1.80
354.00
321.80
358.90
335.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.34
1.11
2.31
1.16
40.20
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.02
14.04
12.19
0.59
0.89
0.59
0.93
0.51
0.64
0.71
0.75
1.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.22
2.98
3.93
289
4.75
4.08
4.81
3.35
0.20
0.16
0.19
0.15
0.29
0.19
0.35
0.17
0.14
0.13
0.18
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.35
0.10
0.19
0.09
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
f" f
Variance
0.12
0.18
0.13
0.45
0.66
0.56
0.80
0.33
0.39
0.51
0.49
4.45
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
059
055
0.74
052
15.53
15.88
13.59
14.55
1.15
0.97
1.04
0.92
18.83
13.42
18.85
13.57
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
29.00
13.35
10.61
9.92
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
   Colorado State University; Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run15 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99
Data Point Number: 040199-Run15
  Description                           Average
1.8BTDC PCC #3 60-70PSI LOW CAT599/590
      Date:  04/01/99       Time:   16:50:00
    Win      Max      STDV    Variance
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (?)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.61
7729.34
9138.96
115.01
124.17
90.74
102.82
156.02
164.93
141.35
152.02
32.63
0.68
0.01
1 85
2.05
568
556
518.29
521.68
456.51
525.67
26.19
22.58
3402
24.09
1879
1837
20.68
18.31
1.38
1.37
291
1.35
35791
32545
361.40
339.16
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.15
0.77
2.06
0.90
41.96
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.54
7687.00
9100.00
115.00
122.00
88.00
101.00
155.00
163.00
140.00
152.00
31.00
0.68
001
1.85
2.05
568
535
511.90
514.70
450.80
51900
18.18
14.95
27.89
18.22
18.41
18.06
19.50
1797
1.03
1.03
1.56
0.98
357.00
324.80
360.50
338.40
0.00
000
000
0.00
0.86
0.52
1.61
0.61
41.90
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.68
7777.00
9300 00
117.00
127.00
93.00
104.00
158.00
165.00
143.00
154.00
36.00
068
0.01
1.85
2.05
568
5.90
52380
527.20
464 70
530.40
33.80
33.57
43.67
30.88
19.23
1872
21.40
18.71
1.89
1.86
5.20
1.89
358.40
325.80
361.80
339.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.40
1.01
3.05
1 10
42.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
12000
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.02
14.36
41.49
0.14
0.55
0.53
0.52
0.34
0.36
0.64
0.21
1.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.26
2.87
2.72
3.17
2.52
316
3 15
3.29
2.85
0.17
0.16
0.42
0.16
0.14
0.19
1.04
0.16
0.31
0.26
0.30
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.08
0.28
0.10
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.19
0.45
0.12
0.44
0.58
0.50
0.22
0.22
0.46
0.14
4.15
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.60
055
0.52
070
048
12.06
13.96
9.66
11.84
0.93
0.85
2.03
0.85
10.43
13.68
35.84
11.74
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.40
10.61
13.C3
10.90
0.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run15-440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99
Data Point Number: 040199-Run15
  Description                          Average
1.8BTDC PCC #3 60-70PSI LOW CAT599/590
      Date:  04/01/99      Time:  16:50:00
    Win       Max      STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H20)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
37.72
12.03
57.88
13.24
32.51
0.01455
110.72
2037.06
1891.52
10.25
558.82
600.98
733.58
584.81
68904
299.00
29949
521.51
441.59
8263.02
982.20
3713.77
0.64
5980
47.51
59.70
49.00
113.65
49.29
4.49
0.62
0.00
1.81
1.96
5.32
5.58
14.70
1470
96.47
31.47
3.78
3.76
132.15
140.33
139.54
147.42
1034.86
1061.81
792.02
746.46
31.46
30.97
35.00
12.03
55.00
13.19
31.00

107.90
2010.00
1870.00
10.19
557.00
598.00
730.00
581.00
686.00
299.00
297.00
520.00
436.30
8112.00
982.20
3682.00
0.64
59.46
46.57
59.62
49.00
11300
48.50
3.82
0.62
0.00
1.81
1.96
5 11
5.28
14.70
14.70
92.60
30.30
3.78
3.76
126.40
128.50
132.60
134.60
1002.50
1011.30
744.20
71620
25.10
28.90
40.00
12.03
59.00
13.31
33.00

113.20
2065.00
1928.00
10.30
559.00
604.00
737.00
588.00
693.00
299.00
302.00
531.00
447.20
8392.00
982.20
3753.00
0.64
60.17
48.67
59.78
49.00
116.00
50.10
4.57
062
0.00
1.81
1.96
5.63
5.87
14.70
14.70
100.50
32.70
3.78
3.76
138.10
154.30
145.70
162.40
1071.70
1121.60
869.70
796.30
39.00
34.50
0.79
0.00
1.03
0.02
0.86

0.76
9.10
6.24
0.02
0.57
1.30
1.33
1.25
1.24
0.00
1.52
2.41
2.48
54.46
0.00
13.89
0.00
0.18
0.37
0.03
0.00
0.70
0.05
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.26
0.26
0.00
0.00
1.48
0.41
0.00
0.00
2.37
3.96
2.54
4.24
12.11
18.13
34.13
28.97
4.60
1.94
2.09
0.00
1.78
0.12
2.66

0.69
0.45
0.33
0.17
0.10
0.22
0.18
0.21
0.18
0.00
0.51
046
0.56
066
000
0.37
0.00
0.30
0.78
0.06
0.00
0.62
0.09
1.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
4.81
4.60
0.00
0.00
1.53
1.32
0.00
0.00
1.79
2.82
1.82
287
1.17
1.71
4.31
388
14.62
6.27

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run16 - 440BHP 300RPM 13.24/2.99
Data Point Number: 04Q199-Run16
  Description                           Average
1.8BTDC PCC #2 60PSI HIGH CAT599/590
      Date:  04/01/99       Time:  18:40:00
    Min      Max      STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lbA)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVGERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
34.29
12.03
56.12
13.24
32.54
0.01460
110.81
2030.52
1879.43
10.25
556.71
592.30
751.02
589.26
672.09
29900
299.46
521.37
441.62
8257.55
982.20
3713.13
0.64
58.31
47.31
5974
51.00
112.13
50.29
4.47
0.75
0.00
2.16
2.24
5.01
5.35
14.60
14.70
93.55
31.09
3.60
3.52
154.07
163.50
162.53
171.22
1029.23
1074.16
840.59
774.45
37.70
28.47
31.00
12.03
55.00
13.20
31.00

108.60
1999.00
1862.00
10.20
555.00
588.00
747.00
587.00
669.00
29900
297.00
519.00
435.70
8120.00
982.20
3677.00
064
57.95
46.44
59.65
51.00
110.00
49.20
3.81
0.75
0.00
2.16
2.24
5.01
535
14.60
14.70
91.30
29.80
3.60
3.52
143.20
144.40
151.50
150.70
1019.50
1040.50
839.50
755.60
37.70
27.50
37.00
12.03
57.00
13.31
35.00

112.80
2061.00
1894.00
10.32
557.00
596.00
755.00
592.00
67600
299.00
302.00
530.00
447.80
8385.00
982.20
3745.00
0.64
58.95
48.27
59.81
51.00
114.00
50.70
464
0.75
0.00
2.16
2.24
5.01
5.52
14.60
14.70
9570
36.40
3.60
3.52
164.60
183.20
172.20
192.00
1042.60
1114.70
869.70
775.90
37.70
28.90
0.93
0.00
0.99
0.01
1.33

0.82
8.61
5.06
0.02
0.70
1.39
1.49
1.11
1.22
000
1.53
2.69
2.45
50.82
0.00
13.49
0.00
0.24
035
0.03
0.00
0.66
0.64
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.88
0.55
0.00
0.00
3.51
5.02
3.62
5.34
7.31
7.48
5.53
5.09
0.00
0.65
2.71
0.00
1.77
011
4.07

074
0.42
0.27
0.16
0.13
0.23
0.20
0.19
0.18
0.00
0.51
0.52
055
062
0.00
0.36
0.00
041
0.75
0.05
0.00
059
1.28
1.63
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.47
0.00
0.00
0.94
1.77
0.00
0.00
2.28
3.07
2.23
3.12
0.71
0.70
0.66
0.66
0.00
2.27

-------
Test Description: Run16 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 040199-Run16
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
13.24/2,991
Average
16.61
7730.92
9131.41
115.32
12536
88.80
100.63
15545
16401
141 88
152.58
32.69
0.78
0.01
2.23
2.28
5 10
541
49058
542.74
495.30
50095
28.97
2273
30.18
23.35
19.56
17.92
19.63
18.89
1.55
1 29
1 70
1.37
357.62
326.59
362.23
338.56
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.39
0.72
1.65
0.89
43.19
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
.8BTDC PCC #2 60PSI HIGH
Date: 04/01/99
Min Max
16.54
7688.00
9070.00
115.00
123.00
87.00
10000
154.00
162.00
140.00
151.00
31.00
0.78
001
2.23
2.28
5.10
5.41
481.60
535.00
487.60
49560
1842
15.31
21.74
14.38
1910
17.44
19.20
1852
1.06
0.91
1.21
098
356.60
32570
361.20
337.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.98
0.53
1.37
0.69
42.80
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.67
7778.00
9280.00
117.00
127.00
91.00
102.00
157.00
166.00
142.00
154.00
36.00
0.78
0.01
2.23
2.28
5.10
5.57
498.50
549.50
504.60
50900
3632
33.22
42.45
32.70
20.05
18.29
19.97
19.36
3.06
1.67
4.26
1.69
358.20
326.80
362.80
338.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.18
1.00
2.33
1.09
43.90
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
CAT599/590
Time: 18:40:00
STDV Variance
0.02
14.53
47.14
0.73
0.78
0.64
0.93
0.70
0.26
0.47
0.57
1.42
0.00
0.00
000
000
0.00
0.02
3.13
2.85
341
2.59
4.11
3.56
4.36
3.64
0.17
0.18
0 18
0.17
0.30
0.18
0.52
0.14
0.31
0.29
0.34
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.21
0.10
0.20
0.09
0.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.19
0.52
0.63
062
0.72
0.92
0.45
0.16
0.33
0.37
4.36
000
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
044
064
052
0.69
0.52
14.18
15.66
14.46
15.59
0.87
099
0.93
0.91
19.66
13.62
30.72
9.87
0.09
0.09
0.09
009
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
15.29
13.25
12.09
9.97
0.52
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
                                                       COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                  APPENDIX E

              REFERENCE METHOD ANALYZERS CALIBRATIONS
Emissions Testing                                                  Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                                 Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                   Test Program:  EPA RICE Testing:

                                   Description:  Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations

                                   Date: April 2,1999
                                                                                           Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                                                                           Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                                                                           Test Points: Test Runs 4, PAH -8,11, & 12
 OC_Apr.2_1999_1«:51:11
 Gas
 Pre_CO
 Pre_CO2
 Pr«_02
 Pra_M«th«u
 Pre_Non_Methane
 Pie_NOx
 PreJHC

 Post_CO
 Posl_CO2
 Post_O2
 Poil_Methim
 Post_Non_M«thane
 Post_NOx
 PosflHC

 aC_Apr,2_1999 14-40:53
 Gn
 Pr»_CO
 Pre CO2
 PreJD2
 Pre_Melhane
 Pre_Non_Methane
 Pre_NOx
 PreltHC

 Post_CO
 Poit_CO2
 Post~O2
 Post_Mathane
 Post~Non_Methane
 Posl_NOx
 PosIJTHC

 QC_Apr,J_1999_10:20:41
 Gas
 Pre CO
 Pre_C02
 Pie_02
 PreJUelhane
 Pre_Non_Methane
 Pre_NOx
 Pre_THC

 Post_CO
 Description:  Po»l Run PAHf 2 . Tetl Point B 2«ro Check
Posl_O2
Pojl_Melhine
Poil_Non_Melhsne
PosfNOx"
Posl THC
   Slop*   Intercept
    4958S    -0023
    25.005    -0 061
    24766
   497411
    52679
    49999
   497.446
  -0057
-900696
 .58 959
  -0252
  -0019
Zere_Avg Span_Avg   Range
       0        0      500
    0 002     0 002       20
    0002     0002       25
    1007     1007     2000
    1119     1098      200
    0005     0005      500
       0        0     5000
    40118    -0005
     1989    -0001
     4988        0
   485 375  -484 729
    51.797    -54.14
    99464    0023
   400 924    -0 031
                        0
                        0
                        0
                     0999
                     1045
                        0
                        0
             0028
                0
                0
             0999
             1 127
             0001
                0
           200
            20
            25
          2000
           200
           500
          1000
Description: Pott Run 4 Ztro Chick
  Slope   Intercept
   49565    -0023
   25005    -0061
   24786    -0057
  497411  -500696
   52679
   49999
  497446
 -58959
  -0252
  -0019
Z*ro_Avg Span_Avg  Rang*
       0     0004      500
    0 002     0 002        5
    0002     0002        5
    1007     1007     2000
    1119      109      200
    0 005     0 005      500
       0        0     5000
   40118     -0005
    1999     -0001
    4999         0
  485 375   -494.729
   51797
   99464
  400.924
  -54.14
  0023
  -0031
       0
       0
       0
    0999
    1045
       0
       0
0031
   0
   0
0999
1 128
0001
   0
 200
  20
  25
2000
 200
 500
1000
Description: Analyzer Calibration
  Slop*   Intercept
   49 565     -0023
   25005     -0.081
   24796     -0057
  497411   -500696
   52678    -59959
   49 999     -0 252
  497446     -0019

   40119     -0005
    1999     -0001
    49B8        0
  495 375   -494 729
   51 797     -54 14
   99 464     0 023
  400924     -0031
 QC_Apr.2_1999_19 03.45
 Gai
 Pre_CO
 Pre_CO2
 Pre_02
 Pre_Me(han«
 Pre_Non_Methane
 Pre_NOx
 PrellHC

 Posl_CO
 Posl_CO2
 Po»t_02
 PosMKethane
 Posl_Non_Melhane
 Post_NOx
 Post_THC

 QC_Apr.2_1999_14-58-07
 Ga>
 Pre_CO
 Pre_CO2
 Pre_02
 Pre_M«lhane
 Pre_Non_Methan0
 Pre~NOx~
 Pr«~THC

 Post_CO
 Posl_CO2
 Post_02
 Post_Methane
 Post_Non_Melhane
 Posl_NOx
 Post_THC

 QC_Apr,2_1999_10.28:04
 Gat
 Pre_CO
 Pre_CO2
 Pn>_02
 Pre_Malhan«
 Pre_Non  Methane

 Pre_THC

 Posl_CO
 Posl_CO2
 Posl_02
 Post_M«lhane
 Poil Non Malhane
tsMM»
 PosfTHC
                                                                                                                  Description: Poll Run PAH»2. Test Point I Span Chack
                                                                            Slope    Intercept
                                                                             49 565    -0 023
                                                                             25 005    -0 061
                                                                             24 786    -0 057
                                                                            497411  -500696
                                                                             52678
                                                                             49999
                                                                            497 446
                                                                                                                                 ^ Ztro_Avg Span_Avg  Range
                                                                                                                                          0     "317      5C
                                                                            -58 959:
                                                                             -0252
                                                                             -0019
                                                                   40 118
                                                                    1 989
                                                                    4983
           -0005
           -0001
              0
485 375   -484 729
 51 797     -54 14
 99464
400924
                                                                             0023
                                                                             -0031
                                                                                                                  Description- Post Run 4 Span Check
                                                                            Slope   Intercept
                                                                             49 565    -0 023
                                                                             25 005    -0 061
                                                                             24786
                                                                            497411
                                                                             52678
                                                                             49999
                                                                                                                    497 446
                                                                             -0057
                                                                           -500696
                                                                            -58 959
                                                                             -0252
                                                                             -0019
                                                                                                          40118
                                                                                                           1 989
                                                                                                           4988
          -0005
          -0001
              0
485 375   -484 729
 51 797    -54 14
 99464
400924
                                                                                                                               0023
                                                                                                                              -0031
                          Zero_Avg Span_Avg  Range
                                 0      318      500
                             0 002     0 359       20
                             0 002     0 482       25
                             1.007     2 853     2000
                             1119     2888      200
                             0005     6139      500
                                 0     5 493     5000
0 747       200
2621        20
2 403        25
2936      2000
2868       200
3069       500
2 228      1000
                                                                                                       Description: Sample Bias Check NOx
                                                                                                         Slope    Intercept  Cal^Gas Zero_Avg Span_Avg  Range  |
                                                                                                          49565    -0023       157     "  0     3168      500
                                                                                                          25005    -0061      904     0002     0364        5
                                                                                                          24786    -0057        12     0002     0486        5
                                                                                                         497411  -500696       901     1007     2818     2000
                                                                                                          52678   -58959      911     1.119     2849      200
                                                                                                         497446    -0019

                                                                                                          40118    -0005
                                                                                                           1989    -0001
                                                                                                           4988        0
                                                                                                         485 375  -484 729
                                                                                                          51.797    -54 14
                                                                                                                  asyjKRMta
                                                                                                                  nm;
                                                                                                         400924    -0031
                                                                                                             2750

                                                                                                             289
                                                                                                             516
                                                                                                               12
                                                                                                              901
                                                                                                             91 1
                                                                                                             mm
                                                                                                              901
                                                                                                                                               5528
                                                                                                                                                         5000
                                                                                                            0
                                                                                                            0
                                                                                                            0
                                                                                                         0999
                                                                                                         1.045
                                                                                                         072      200
                                                                                                        2 595       20
                                                                                                        2406       25
                                                                                                        2 855     2000
                                                                                                        2804      200
                                                                                                                                                                                   2247
                                                                                                                                                                                             1000
                                                         2750

                                                          289
                                                          516
                                                           12
                                                          901
                                                          91 1
                                                         mm
                                                          901
                                                                                                                                                                % Error
                                                                                                                                                                       0
                                                                                                                                                                       0
                                                                                                                                                                       0
                                                                                                                                                                       0
                                                                                                                                                                       0

-------
                                                                Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                 Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:

                                 Description: Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations

                                 Date: April 2,1999
                                                                                         Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                                                                         Engine Type:  Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                                                                         Test Points: Test Runs 4, PAH -8,11, & 12
QC_Apr._OJ_1999_2J:25:2S  Inscription: Sample Bl» Ch.ck NO*
                                                                                                                 QC_Apr.J>2_1999_23.3»:18  Description:  Sample Bia> Check CH4 / Non-CH4
Pre_CO
Pre_CO2
Pre_02
Pra_Methane
Pre~Non Methane
Pre_THC

Posl_CO
Post_C02
Post_O2
Posl_Methane
Post Non Methane
                          Slope   Intercept  C«l_Gis  Zero. Avg  Span.Avg  Range  ppm_or,%
                           49 565     -0 023
                           25 005     -0 061
                           24 786     -0 057
                          497411   -500696
                           52.679    -58 9S9
                          497 446
                                     -0019
 40118     -0005
  1 989     -0 001
  4988        0
485375   -484729
 51.797     -54 14
                        157
                       904
                         12
                        901
                       911
                                               2750

                                               389
                                               516
                                                 12
                                                901
                                               91 1
                                 0
                             0002
                             0002
                             1007
                             1.119
                                   0
                                   0
                                   0
                               0999
                               1045
              318
             0366
             0488
             2853
             2802
                                      5471

                                      0754
                                      2643
                                      2396
                                      2 896
                                      2858
 500   157591
  20    9081
  25    12 046
2000    91837
 200    88659
                      5000  2721507

                       200    30 257
                        20     5 255
                        25    11 953
                      2000   920917
                       200    93 884
                                                                                                 % Error
                                                                                                   01182
                                                                                                    0205
                                                                                                    0184
                                                                                                   08685
                                                                                                  -1 2205
Post THO
                          400924     -0031
                                                901
                                                                2228
                                                                          1000   893 101
                        -056986

                         06785
                          0475
                         -0188
                        099585
                          1392

                        -0 7899
                                                                                       Gas
                                                                                       Pre_CO
                                                                                       Pre_C02
                                                                                       Pre~O2
                                                                                                                                           Slope   Intercept  Cal_Gas  ZeroJVvg Spin_Avg  Range  ppm_or_%
49565    -0023      157
25 005    -0 061      9 04
24 786    -0 057       12
   0      318
0002     0366
0002     0488
500   157 591
 20     9081
 25    12 046
% Error
  01182
   0205
   0.184
OC_Apr.J>2_1999_22:44:3«  Description: Analyzer Calibration NOx 2000 ppm Range
Gas
Pre_CO
Pre"cO2
Pre_02
Pre_Melhane
Pre_Non_Methane
Pre_NOx"
Pre_THC

Posl_CO
Posl_CO2
Poi!_O2
PostJUelhane
PD5t_Non_MeIhar»
PosfNOx
PosflHC

QC_Apr.2_1999_22 21:02
G.s
Pre_CO
PreIcO2
Pre_O2
PreJHethane
Pra_Non_Mathane
Pra~NOx
Pra_THC

Post_CO
Posl_CO2
Posfrj2
Posl_Melhane
Posl_Non_Methane
Post_NOx"
Post THC
  Slope   Intercept
   49 565     -0 023
   25005     -0061
   24786     -0057
  497411   -500696
   52678
  199.411
  497 446
          -58 959
           -1005
           -0019
   40118     -0005
    1989     -0001
    4988        0
  485375   -484729
             •5414
             0093
 51.797
398051
400924
             -0031
Zero Avg Span Avg  Range
              318      500
             0366       20
             0 488       25
             2 853     2000
             2 802      200
             4 594     2000
             5471     5000

             0754      200
             2643       20
             2396       25
             2896     2000
             2 858      200
             2 298     2000
             2 228     1000
Description: Post Run 11,12 Zero Check
  Slope   Intercept ^J@II3 Zera_Avg Sp«n_Avg  Range
   49 565     -0 023
   25 005     -0 061
   24786     -OOS7
  497411   -500696
   52678
   49999
  497 446
          -58959
           -0252
           -0019
   40118     -0005
    1989     -0001
    4986        0
  485 375   -484 729
             -5414
             0023
 51797
 99464
400924
                                     -0031
                                                              QC_Apr.2_1999_22:32.03
                                                              Gas
                                                              Pre_CO
                                                              Pre_CO2
                                                              Pre~02
                                                              PreJHethane
                                                              Pre_Non_Melhane
                                                              Pre_NOx~
                                                              PreJTHC

                                                              Posl_CO
                                                              Post CO2
                                                                                           Non Methane
                                                                                                                 Description:  Post Run 11,12 Spen Check
Slope
49565
25005
24786
497411
52678
49999
497 446
40118
1 989
4988
485 375
51797
99464
400 924
Intercept i
-0023,
-0061
-0057
-500696
-58959!
-0252!
-0019!
-0005]
-0001]
0
-484 729J
-54 14
0023
-0 031
                                                                                           Zero_Avg Spen_Avg   Range
                                                                                                        318       500
                                                                                                       0366        20
                                                                                                       0 488        25
                                                                                                       2 853      2000
                                                                                                       2 802       200
                                                                                                       6123       500
                                                                                                       5471      5000
                                                                                                       0754
                                                                                                       2643
                                                                                                       2396
                                                                                                       2896
                                                                                                       2858
                                                                                                       3113
                                                                                                       2228
                                                                                                                                                                                           200
                                                                                                                                                                                            20
                                                                                                                                                                                            25
                                                                                                                                                                                          2000
                                                                                                                                                                                           200
                                                                                                                                                                                           500
                                                                                                                                                                                          1000

-------
                                                                  Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                   Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:

                                   Description: Reference Method Analyzers Daily Calibrations

                                   Date: April 1,1999
                                                                                           Engine Class:  Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                                                                           Engine Type:  Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                                                                           Test Points: Test Runs 2/7,15,16, 9A, 9, & 10
  OC_Apr,1_1 999_14:27.59
  G»
  Pre_CO
  Pre_CO2
  Pro"o2
  Pre_Methane
  Pre_Non_Me(hane
  PnTNOx
  PreJTHC

  Poil_CO
  Posfc02
  Post_O2
  Post_Melh«»
 Pos(_Non_Mettiane
 Poit_NOx
 Post_THC

 QC_Apr,1_1999  11:11:21
 G»
 Pre_CO
 Pre_CO2
 Prt~O2
 Pre_Methane
 Pre_Non Methane
 Pre_NOx~
 Pre_THC

 Poit_CO
 Post_CO2
 Post~O2
 Post_Methane
 Post_Non_Methane
 Posl_NOx
 Posl_THC

 QC_Apr,1_1999 12:55:40
 Gas
 Pre.CO
 Pre~CO2
 Pra_O2
 PreJUellMne
 Pra_Non_Methane
 Pre^NOx
 PreJHC

Po$l_CO
Posl_CO2
Po»l_O2
Post_Methane
Posl_Non_Methani>
Posl_NOx
Post THC
 Description: Poll Run 2/7 Zero Chick
   Slop*   Intercept
     49 43     -0 023
    25 002     -0 061
    24805     -0059
   493 993   -497 255
    54766
    99616
   496912
 -04506
  -0502
  -0019
    40862    -0188
     1 992    -0 001
     4989        0
    489 53  -488 878
    52197
    19907
    39965
 -56.728
  0047
  -0031
Description: Anilyi.r Calibration CO Re-range to 500 ppm
  Slop*   Intercept j~"*"'"*™'"  "
    4943    -0023
   25002    -0061
   24805    -0059
  493 993  -497.255
   54 766   -64.508
   99616    -0.502
  496912    -0019

   40862    -0198
    1 992    -0 001
    4989        0
   489 53  -488 878
   52 197
   19907
   39965
-56.728
  0047
 -0031
Description: Analyzer Calibration - Zero Drift CO 200 ppm Rang*
  Slops   Intercept
   19995     -0009
   25002     -0081
   24805     -0059
  493 993   -497 255
   54766
   99616
  496912
-84506
 -0502
 -0019
   40862    -0188
    1992    -0001
    4989        0
   489 53  -488 878
   52197
   19907
                            39965
-56728
  0047
 -0031
Zero_Avg Span_Avg  Range
       0     0002
    0002     0364
    0002     0486
    1 007     2 831
    1 178     2841
    0005     4572
       0     5534
            0.712      200
             259       10
            2 405       25
            2 839     2000
            2 832      200
            2 327     1000
            2 255     2000
                                                               QC_Apr,1_1999  14 41 00
                                                                         Gas
                                                               Pre CO
                                                               Pre_C02
                                                               Pre_O2
                                                               Pre_Methane
                                                               Pre_Non_Melhano
                                                               Pre_NOx
                                                               PrellHC

                                                               Posl_CO
                                                               Posl CO2
                                                               Posl_O2
                                                               Posl_Melhane
                                                               Post_Non_Methan«
                                                               Pos(_NOx
                                                               Posl THC
                                                                                                       Description: Post Run 2/7 Span Check
QC_Apr,1_1995_13:04 56
Gas
Pre_CO
Pre_C02
Pre_O2
Pre_Mathane
Pre_Non_Melhane
Pre_NO*
Pre_THC

Posl_CO
Post_CO2
Post_O2
Post_Melhane
Post_Non_Melhane
Posl_NOx
PosflHC
                           Slope    Intercept
                             49 43    -0 023
                            25 002    -0 061
                            24805
                           493 993
                            54766
                            99616
                                                                                                                     496912
          -0059
         497 255
         -64506
          -0502
          -0019
                                                                                                          40862
                                                                                                           1992
                                                                                                           4989
                                     -0188
                                     -0001
                                         0
                            489 53  -488 878
                            52 197   -56 728
                            19907
                            39965
                                                                                                                                0047
                                                                                                                               -0031
Zero_Avg Span_Avg   Range
       0     3173      500
    0 002     0 364       25
    0 002     0 488       25
    1007     2 765     2000
    1178     2788      200
    0 005     4 653     1000
       0     5 598     5000
                                      0 691      200
                                      2 644        10
                                      2411        25
                                      2 843     2000
                                      2 765      200
                                      2317     1000
                                      2 262     2000
                                                                                                       Description- Analyzer Calibration - Span Drift CO 200 ppm Range
                                                                                                                                  Zero_Avg  Span_Avg
40862
 1992
 4989
48953
52 197
19907
39965
   0005
       0
       0
   0999
   1 087
       0
       0
0712       200
 259        10
2 405        25
2 839      2000
2 832       200
2 327      1000
2 255      2000

-------
                                                                Colorado State University: Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                 Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:

                                 Description: Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations

                                 Date: April 1,1999
                                                                                        Engine Class:  Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                                                                        Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                                                                        Test Points: Test Runs 2/7,15,16, 9A, 9, & 10
QC_Apr._02_1999J>0:54:03  Description: Simple Bins Chick NOx
Gas
Pre_CO
Pre_CO2
Pre_O2
Pre_Melhane
Pre Nan Methane
Pre_THC

Post_CO
Post_CO2
Posl_O2
PostJWetliane
Post Non Methane
 Slop,
   4943
  25002
  24805
 493993
  54766
-**!
 496912
                                  Intercept  Ca)_Gas  Zero_Avg  Span_Avg
             .0023
             -4061
             -0059
           -497 255
            -64506
 157
904
  12
 901
911
   D
0002
0002
1007
1 178
                                                                3171
                                                                 037
                                                                0493
                                                                 266
                                                                2805
                                             Range  ppm_or_%
                                                 500   156734
                                                  25
                                                  25
                                                2000
                                                                           200
  9192
 12163
915617
 89104
                                     -0019
                           40862     -0188
                            1 992     -0 001
                            4989         0
                           489 53   -488 878
                           52 197    -56 728
                      2750

                      289
                      516
                        12
                       901
                      91.1
                               0005
                                   0
                                   0
                               0999
                               1087
                 5589

                 0664
                 2641
                 2415
                 2821
                 2785
Pojl THC
                                                901
                                                                2273
4943
25002
24805
493.993
54.766
99616
496912
40862
1992
4989
48953
52197
19907
39965
-0023
-0061
-0059
-497.255
-64 506
-0.502!
-0019J
-0188]
-0001
0
-488878
-56.728
0047
-0.031 1
QC Apr. 02.1999 00.33:02  Description: Post Run *A,«, 10 Zero Check
Gas    "      "           Slop.   Intercept §^§1 Z.ro_Avg Span_AvB
Pre_CO
Pre_C02
PreJ32
Pre_Mathane
Pre_Non_Me(hane
PrelNOx"
PreJTHC

Post_CO
PosfcO2
Posl_O2
Posf Methane
Post_Non_Methane
PO§CNO«"
Posf THC

QC_Apr.1_1999_19:J4:45
Gas
Pre_CO
Pre_CO2
Pre_O2
PraJKaihana
Pre_Non_Melhana
Pre_NOx
Pre~THC
Daacriptlon: Post Run IS, If Zero Check
  Slope   Intercept fffiHHM Zaro_Avg Sp.n_Avg  Range
    49.43     -0023HHHJ        0        0      500
   25002     -008lHHi|    0002     0002       25
             -0059BB     0002     0003       25
                               1007     1007     2000
                               n78     ' l77      20°
                               0005     °°°5     100°
             -0019lnl        0        0     5000
  24.805
 493993   -497255
  54766
  99616
Posl_CO
Posf_CO2
Post_O2
Posl_M«lhane
Poj|_Non_Melhane
Posl_NOx~
Posf THC
496912

 40862     -0188
  1992     -0001
  4989        0
 489 S3   -488 878
 52 197    -56 728
 19907     0047
 399 65     -0 031
                                           0
                                       0008
                                           0
                                       0999
                                       1 097
                                           0
                                           0
                                                   200
                                                    10
                                                    25
                                                  2000
                                                   200
                                                  1000
                                                  2000
•I, Error
 -0 0532
   0608
   0652
 0 73085
  -0998
                   5000   2777 29

                   200    28 945
                     10     5261
                     25    12049
                   2000   891973
                   200    88614
                                                                         05458

                                                                        -0 9775
                                                                           1 01
                                                                          0196
                                                                       -045135
                                                                         -1243
                                                                          2000   908 533
                                                                                                  037665
                                                                                                                 QC_Apr _02_1999_00 47.10  Description: Post Run 9A. », 10 Span Check
                                 Gas
                                 Pre_CO

                                 PreJD2
                                 Pre_Melhane
                                 Pre_Non_Melhane
                                 Pre_NOx
                                 PreJTHC

                                 Post_CO
                                 Post_CO2
                                 Posl_O2
                                 Post_Methane
                                 Post_Non_Melhane
                                 PosLNOx
                                 Post_THC

                                 QC_Apr.1_1999_19-40-50
                                 Gas
                                 Pr»_CO
                                 Pre_CO2
                                 Pre_O2
                                 Pre_Melhane
                                 Pre_Non_Methane
                                 Pre_NOx
                                 Pre_THC

                                 Posl_CO
                                 Post_CO2
                                 Post_O2
                                 Post^Melhano
                                 Post_Noi\_Melhane
                                 Posl_NOx
                                 Posl THC
                                                                                                                   40 862     -0 188
                                                                                                                    1 992     -0 001
                                                                                                                    4 989        0
                                                                                                                   489 53   -488 878
                                                                                                                            -56 728
                                                                                                                             0047
                                                                                                                    52 197
                                                                                                                    19907
                                                                                                                    39965
                                                                                                                             -0031
                                                                                                                Description: Post Run 15,16 Span Check
                                                                                            Slope    Intercept
                                                                                              49 43    -0 023
                                                                                             25 002    -0 061
                                                                                             24 805    -0 059
                                                                                            493 993   -497 255
                                                                                             54766
                                                                                             99616
                                                                                            496912
                                                                                             -64506
                                                                                              -0502
                                                                                              -0019
                                                                                             40 862    -0 188
                                                                                              1 992    -0 001
                                                                                              4989        0
                                                                                             489 53   -488 878
                                                                                             52197
                                                                                             19907
                                                                                             39965
                                                                                             -56 728
                                                                                               0047
                                                                                              -0031
                                                                                                                                  0 664      200
                                                                                                                                  2641        10
                                                                                                                                  2415        25
                                                                                                                                  2 821     2000
                                                                                                                                  2 785      200
                                                                                                                                  2309     1000
                                                                                                                                  2 273     2000
                                                                                                                                           Zaro_Avg Span_Avg   Range
                                                                                                                                                                                 3163
                                                                                                                                                                                 0369
                                                                                                                                                                                 0491
                                                                                                                                                                                 2894
                                                                                                                                                                                 2857
                                                                                                                                                                                 4663
                                                                                                                                                                                 5579
                                                                                                                                                                  500
                                                                                                                                                                  25
                                                                                                                                                                  25
                                                                                                                                                                 2000
                                                                                                                                                                  200
                                                                                                                                                                 1000
                                                                                                                                                                 5000
                                                                                                                                                                                 0678       2001
                                                                                                                                                                                 2657        10
                                                                                                                                                                                 2415        25
                                                                                                                                                                                  286      2000
                                                                                                                                                                                 2758       200
                                                                                                                                                                                 2 352      1000
                                                                                                                                                                                 2 272      2000:

-------
                                                             Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                                Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:                                             Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                Description: Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations                     Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                Date: April 1,1999                                                           Test Points: Test Runs 2/7,15,16,9A, 9, & 10
QC_Apr.1_1999_10:04:15
G«
Pr» CO
Pr«j:02
Pr«_O2
PnTMethina
Pre_Non_M«lnan«
Pr«_NOx
Pr«_THC

Port_CO
Po»fc02
Po$t_O2
Poitjultlhww
Po»l_Non_M«thin«
Po»l_NOx
PosfjHC
Description: Analyzer Calibration
  Slope   Intercept
   19995    -0009
   25002    -0061
   24805    -0059
  493993  -497.255
   54 766   -64.506
   99616    -0502
  496912    -0019

   40 662    -0 168
    1.992    -0.001
    4989       0
   48953  -488876
   52.197   -56.728
   19907    0047
   39965    -0031
QC_Apr,1_1999JO:14 47 Daicripllon: Sampl. Bill Check NO.
G»
Pre CO
Pre_CO2
Pr«_O2
Pre_Melhane
Pro Nun Melding
Slop*
19995
25002
24805
493 993
54766
lnurc.pt C»I_G»« Z«ro Avg Spin Avg
-0009
-0061
-0059
-497 255
-64506
109
904
12
901
91 1
0
0002
0002
1007
1 178
5452
0364
0486
2831
2841
Rang* ppn" or_%
200
25
25
2000
200
109
904
12
901
91.1
Pr»_THC

Ptat_CO
Post__CO2
Post_O2
Poit_Mothan«
   l Non Malhina
   ^KiM^'
   s^S&
Post THC
496912    -0019

 40662    -0188
  1 992    -0 OOt
  4989       0
 489 53  -488 676
 52 197   -56 7?6
2750

 269
 516
  12
 901
 91.1
•JH0|
 901
0005
   0
   0
0999
1087
 5534

 0712
  259
 2405
 2839
 2.832
Bi^B!
 2255
5000

 200
  10
  25
2000
 200
BfifiS
2000
2750

 269
 516
  12
 901
 91.1
me
 901
                                                                                            % Error
                                                                                                  o
                                                                                                  o
                                                                                                  0
                                                                                                  0
                                                                                                  0

-------
                                                                Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                  Teat Program:  EPA RICE Tasting:

                                  Description:  Reference Method Analyzers Daily Calibrations

                                  Date: March 31,1999
                                                                                         Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                                                                         Engine Type:  Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                                                                         Test Points: Test Runs 1 A, 5, 6,14, & 8
 QC_Apr.J>1_1999J10-44-07  Description:  S»mp1. Bi» Check NO*
 Gi>                       Slop«   Intercept   Cal_Gas  2ero_Avg Sp«n_Ava
 Pre.CO
 Pr«_CO2
 Pr»~O2
 Pre_Methane
 Pro Non Methane
    1982
   25267
   24 MB
  499012
   48873
  -0009
  -0063
  -0103
-503373
 -49802
 109
904
  12
 901
91.1
   0
0002
0004
1009
1019
5504
0369
0491
2821
2832
Range  ppm_or_%
    200    109075
     25
     25
   2000
                                                                           200
  9258
  1216
904 534
 88601
Pre_THC

Post CO
Post_C02
Po»t__O2
Posl_Melhane
Post Nan Methane
mm*--
Post THC
                           499.769
                                      -004
   40 461    -0 002
    1997    -0.005
    5002    -0019
  494 606  -494 148
   55 248   -54.793
            2750

             269
             516
              12
             901
             91 1
           0
        0003
        0004
        0999
        0992
         5656

         0737
         2634
         2395
         2787
         2622
         ,WZ4j
          222
         5000  2826 58)

          200    29 836
           10     5 256
           25    11961
         2000   884 107
          200    90 077

         2000   893 122
QC_Apr.J>1_1999_00:19:07  Description:  Post Run I Zero Check
Gas
Pre_CO
Pra_CO2
Pre~O2
PreJlAethane
Pre_Non_Melnane
Pre~NOx
PreJTHC

Po«_CO
Poil_C02
Po»fO2
Po>l_Methane
Po>l_Non_Melhane
Po»t_NOx
PosCTHC

QC Mar.31  1999_22:16:11
Gas
Pre CO
Pn~C02
Pr«_O2
Prejbklhane
Pre Non_Melhane
PnJHO*
Pr»_THC

Po»l_CO
Post_CO2
Post_O2
Po0-33:41  Description. Pott Run 8 Span Check
                                                                              Gas    ~  ~               Slope    Intercept |^(jO«4|j Zaro_Avcj Span.Avg
                                                                              Pre_CO
                                                                              Pre_C02
                                                                              Pre_O2
                                                                              Pre_Methane
                                                                              Pre_Non_Methane
                                                                              Pre_NOx
                                                                              Pre THC
                                                                  Post_CO
                                                                  Pos(_CO2
                                                                  Post O2
                                                                  Post_M«thane
                                                                  Post_Non_Methane
                                                                  Posl_NOx
                                                                  Posl_THC

                                                                  QC_Mar,31_1999_22:31.57
                                                                  Gas
                                                                  Pre_CO
                                                                  Pre_C02
                                                                  Pre~02
                                                                  Pro_Uelhano
                                                                  Pre_Non_Methane
                                                                  Pre_NOx"
                                                                  Pra_THC

                                                                  Posl_CO
                                                                  Posl_CO2
                                                                  Posl_O2
                                                                  Post Methane
                                                                  Post_Non_Melhane
                                                                  Posl_NOx
                                                                  Post THC
                                                                                                        494 606  -494 148
                                                                                                         55 248   -54 793
                                                                                                        199 393
                                                                                                        402 323

                                                                                                      Description- Post Run 14 Span Check
                                                                                   Slope   Intercept
                                                                                     1982     -0009
                                                                                    25267     -0063
                                                                                    24 988     -0 103
                                                                                   499 082   -503 373
                                                                                    48 873    -49 802
                                                                                    99741     -0016
                                                                                   499 769     -0 04

                                                                                    40461     -0002
                                                                                     1 997     -0005
                                                                                     5002     -0019^
                                                                                   494 606   -494 146
                                                                                    55248
                                                                                   199393
                                                                                            402 323
                                                                                    -54793
                                                                                     -0554
                                                                                     -0031
                                                                                                                                 Zero Avg Span Avg   Range
                                                                                                                                               547      200
                                                                                                                                              0369       25
                                                                                                                                              0 489       25
                                                                                                                                              2 821     2000
                                                                                                                                              2854      200
                                                                                                                                              1076     1000
                                                                                                                                              5599     5000
                                                                                                           0 76      200
                                                                                                           264        10;
                                                                                                          2 395        25
                                                                                                          2 787      2000
                                                                                                          2 622      200
                                                                                                           055      lOOO;
                                                                                                                         2213
                                                                                                                                   2000

-------
                                                                  Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                                   Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:                                                Engine Class:  Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited. Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                   Description: Reference Method Analyzers Daily Calibrations                       Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                   Date: March 31,1999                                                            Test Points:  Test Runs 1A, 5, 6,14, & 8
 QC_Mar,31_1999_19:14C2   Description: Post Run < Zero Check
 Pre_CO
 Pre_CO2
 PnTo2
 Pr»_Methan«
 Pre_Non_Methane
 Pra_NOx
 Pre_THC

 Posl_CO
 Posl_CO2
 Post_O2
 Post_Methane
 Post_Non_Methane
 Poil_MOx
 PosflHC

 QC_Mar,}1 1999 17:01:1!
 G»
 Pr»_CO
 Pr«_CO2
 Pre_O2
 Pre_Melhane
 Pr»_Non_Methan«
 Pnj_NOx~
 Pr»_THC

 Posl_CO
 PosfcO2
 Posl_O2
 Posl_Methane
 Posl_Non_Melhane
 Po«t_NOx
 Post THC
  Slopa   Intercept
     19 82    -0 009
   25 267    -0 063
   24.988    -0103
  499 082  -503 373
   48873
   S9741
  499.769
 -49802
  -0016
   -004
   40461     -0002
    1.997     -0005
    5.002     -0019
  494 606   -494 148
   55248
  199393
  402 323
 -54793
  -0554
  -0031
Description: Post Run 5 Zero Check
  Slop*   Intarcapt
    1982     -0009
   25 267     -0 083
   24 988     -0 103
  499082   -503373
   48873
   99741
  499769
 -49802
  -0016
   -004
   40461     -0002
    1 997     -0 005
    5002     -0019
  494606  -494148
   55 248   -54 793
  199.393     -0.554
  402 323     -0 031
Zero_Avg Span_Avg   Range
       0     0008      200
    0002     0002       25
    0 004     0 004       25
    1009     1 007     2000
    1019     1 129      200
       0        0     1000
       0     0017     5000

       0        0      200
    0003     0005       10
    0 004     0 004       25
    0 999     0 999     2000
    0 992      1 04      200
    0003     0004     1000
       0        0     2000
QC_Mar,31_1999_14:23:29   Description: Post Run 1A Zaro Chack
Gat
Pr»_CO
Pre~CO2
P«_02
Pn»_Methane
Pra_Non_Melhane
Pra_NOx
Pi»_THC

Poit_CO
Po$CcO2
Po«t_02
Po»l_M«thana
Posl_Non_M«thane
Posl_NOx
PosfTHC
  Slop*   Intarcapt
    19 82    -0 009
   25267    -0063
   24.988    -0103
  499 082  -503 373
   48873
   99741
  499769
-49802
 -0016
  -004
Zero_Avg Span_Avg  Ranga
                       200
                        25
                        25
                      2000
                       200
                      1000
                      5000
  40461     -0002
   1 997     -0 005
   5002     -0019
 494 608   -494 148
  55248
 199393
                           402 323
-54793
 -0554
 -0031
    0
0002
0004
1009
1019
    0
    0

    0
0003
0004
0999
0992
0003
   0
0008
0002
0003
1007
1 151
   0
   0

   0
0003
   0
0999
1065
0004
   0
                       200
                        10
                        25
                      2000
                       200
                      1000
                      2000
                                                                                                                                            Description. Post Run 6 Span Chack
                                                                                      Slope
                                                                                        1982
                                                                                       25267
                                                                                       24988
                                                                                      499 082
                                                                                       48873
                                                                                       99741
                                                                                      499 769
                                                               QC_Mar,31_1999_19 32.21
                                                               Gas
                                                               Pre_CO
                                                               Pre_C02
                                                               Pre_O2
                                                               Pre_Melhane
                                                               Pre_Non_Methane
                                                               Pr«_NOx
                                                               Pre_THC

                                                               Posl_CO
                                                               Posl_CO2
                                                               Posl_O2
                                                               Post_Methane
                                                               Post_Non_Methane
                                                               Post_NOx
                                                               Posl_THC
                                                                                          QC_Mar.31jl999_17-23:59  Description. Post Run 5 Span Check
                                                                                                                                                                     tS Zero_Avg Span^Avg   Range
                                                                                                                            0 749      200
                                                                                                                            2641        10
                                                                                                                             239        25
                                                                                                                             287      2000
                                                                                                                            2 662      200
                                                                                                                             056      1000
                                                                                                                            2206      2000
 Gas
 Pt«_CO
 Pre_CO2
 Pre_02
 Pre_Melhane
 Pre_Non_Methane
 Pre_NOx
 Pre_THC

 Post_CO
 Poit_CO2
 Posl_O2
 Post_M0thane
 Post_Non_Methane
 Posl_NOx
 Posl_THC

 QC_Mar,31_1999_14,56;32
 Ga<
 Pre_CO
 Pre_CO2
 Pte_O2
 Pre_Methane
 Pre_Non_Melhane
 Pre~NOx
 PreJTHC

 Posl_CO
Posl_CO2
Posl_O2
Post Mcslharw
Post_Non_Methane
Posl_NOx
Posl_THC
                                                                                      Slope   Intercapt
                                                                                        19 82    -0 009
                                                                                       25 267    -0 063
                                                                                       24988
                                                                                      499 082
                                                                                       48873
                                                                                       99741
                                                                                       -0103
                                                                                     -503 373
                                                                                      -49 802
                                                                                       -0016
                                                                                        -004
  499 769

   40461
    1 997
    5002
  494606   -494148
   55 248    -54 793
  199393
  402 323

Description: Post Run 1A Span
  Slope    Intercept
    1982    -0009
   25 267    -0 063
   24 988    -0 103
  499 082   -503 373
   48 873    -49 802
   99741    -0016
  499769     -004
                                                                                                                                          0
                                                                                                                                       0003
                                                                                                                                       0004
                                                                                                                                       0999
                                                                                                                                       0992
                                                                                                                                       0003
                                                                                                                                          0
                                                                                                                            0741      200
                                                                                                                            2621        10
                                                                                                                            2 388        25
                                                                                                                            2862     2000
                                                                                                                            2615      200
                                                                                                                            0561     1000
                                                                                                                            2206     2000
                         Check
                          Zero_Avg Span_Avg
                                        548
                                       0362
                                       0484
                                        275
                                       2816
                                       1 103
                                       5412
                                                                                                          40461
                                                                                                           1997
                                                                                                           5002
          -0002
          -0005
          -0019
494 606  -494 148
 55 248   -54 793
199393
                                                                                                                                             402 323
                                                                                                                              -0554
                                                                                                                              -0031
       Range
           200
            25
            25
          2000
           200
          1000
          5000
0734       200 tr
 259        10
2 392        25
2779      2000
2 591       200
0.551      1000
2211      2000f

-------
                                                                 Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                                  Test Program: EPA RICE Tasting:                                               Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                  Description: Reference Method Analyzers Daily Calibrations                       Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                  Dale: March 31,1999                                                            Test Points: Test Runs 1A, 5, 6,14, & 8
 QC_Mar,J1_1999_11:10:01   Description: Simple Bl» Ctwck NOx
 Git
 Pre_CO
 Pr*_CO2
 Pn~02
 Pre_Melhsne
 Pre Non Methane

 Pr»_THC

 Post_CO
 PosfcO2
 Pos(_O2
 Po»t_M«riina
    I Non Methane
  Slop*   Intercept  C«l_G»i  2*ro_Avg Span_Avg  Ring*  ppro_or_X
    1902     -0009
   43 546     -0 108
   24 988     .0 103
  499 082   -503.373
   48873    -49802
  499.769
              -004
   40 461     -0 002
    1 997     -0 005
    5002     -0019
  494606   -494148
   55 248    -54.793
                      109
                      904
                       12
                      901
                      91.1
                    mm
                     2750

                      269
                      516
                       12
                      901
                      91.1
    0
0002
0004
1009
1019
   0
0003
0004
0.999
0.992
  55
 021
0484
28)4
2883

5503

0714
2586
2403
2821
2.641
                            200       109
                             25      904
                             25        12
                           2000       901
                            200      91.1
                                                  5000
                                                          2750
                            200      289
                             10      516
                             25       12
                           2000      901
                            200      91 1
 Posl_THC

 QC_Mar,31_19S9 11:00:59
 Ga«
 Pre_CO
 Pr*_CO2
 Pm_O2
 PraJMefhm
 Pr*_Non_M«than»
 Pre_NOx
 Pie~THC

 Po«_CO
 Po>l_CO2
 Po«_O2
 Posl_Melh»n«
 Po»l_Non_Melhan*
 Posl_NOx
 Pojt_THC

 OCJ»«r.J1_19S9_09:2S:17
 Ga»
 Pm.CO
 PnTcO2
 Pr*_O2
 PnfMelhan*
 Pr*_Non_M«1han*
Pro NOx
PmJTHC

Posl_CO
Po»fcO2
Posl_O2
Post_Melhan«
Poit_Non_Methane
Poil_NOx
Post THC
De.cripUon: Analyier Calibration
  Slop*    lnt*rc*pt
    1982    -0009
   43 S46    -0 101
   24 988    -0 103
  499 082   -503 373
   48 873    -49.802
   99741    -0016
  499 769     -0.04

   40 461    -0 002
    1997    -0005
    5 002    -0 019
  494 606   -494 148
   55248
  199393
  402 323
          -54.793,
           -OS54
           -0.031
   41254    -0987
    1995    -0.001
    4993        0
  479601  -480036
           -52.899
            0022
 50866
198 762
399635
                     QC Check
                           Z*ro_Avg. Span_Avfl   Rang*
                                  0     5407      200
                               0 002     0 349       25
                               0002     0475       25
                               1007     2889     2000
                               1.02S     2 815      200
                               0 005     4 593     1000
                                  0     5 323     5000
                             0024     0718      200     2864
                                0      262        10     5228
                                0     2391        25    11938
                     901     1.001     2828      2000   876322
                     91 1      104     2 836      200    91365
                                     -0031
460
901
2262
2228
                                                 1000   449667
                                                 2000   89023
                                                  QC_Mar,31_1999_11:29.23
                                                  Gas
                                                  Pr*_CO
                                                  Pr«_CO2
                                                  Pr* 02
                        Description: Sampl* Slat Check CH4 / Non-Ch4
                        Slop*    Intercept  Cal_Gaa  Z*ro_Avg Span_Avg Rang*    ppm_or_%
                             1962     -0009      109       0       55      200       109
                           43546     -0108     9.04    0002      021       25      904
                           24966     -0103       12    0004     0464       25        12
                                                  Pr*_NOx
                                                  Pr*_THC

                                                  Pos(_CO
                                                  Post_C02
                                                  Post_O2
                                                                                                                    99741
                                                                                                                   499 769
                                                                                                         460
                                                                                                        1170
                                                                                                                                  4606
                                                                                                                                  2129
                           40461     -0002      289        0     0714
                            1997     -0005      516     0003     2586
                            5002     -0019        12     0004     2403
1000   459415
5000  1063 956

 200     28.9
  10     516
  25       12
                                                                                                                  Poit_NOx
                                                                                                                  Posl THC
                                                                                                                   199 393
                                                                                                                   402 323
                                                                                                                                                                1000   458011
                                                                                                                                                                2000  1113.508
                                                                                       OCJHJr,31J999_10.06.16   Description:  Post Calaly*! QC Check
                                                                                       Ga>
                                                                                       Pra_CO
                                                                                       Pre_CO2
Pf*_M*thane
Pr«_Non_Methan*
Pr«_NOx
Pr*_THC

PoSt_CO
PosfcO2
Po3t_O2
Post_Methane
Post_Non_Methane
Posl_NOx
Posl_THC
Slop*
20112
25261
24801
491296
50554
99846
498 408
lnt*rc*pt Cal_G*a Z*ro_Avg Span.Avg
-0009 109 0 9999
-0062
-0059
-494 54
-51 799
-0503
-0019
9.04
12
901
91 1
460
2750
0002
0004
1007
1025
0
0
0002
0002
2889
2815
0
0
Rang* f
200
25
25
2000
200
1000
5000
ipm_or_%
201 085
0001
0001
925035
90505
-0488
0
                                                                                    41254
                                                                                     1995
                                                                                     4993
                                                                                   479 601
                                                                                    50866
                                                                                   198 762
                                                                                   399 635
                                                                                                       0024     0627      200
                                                                                                          0     2 516        10
                                                                                                          0     2 393        25
                                                                                                       1001     2 828     2000
                                                                                                        1 04     2 836      200
                                                                                                          0     2318     1000
                                                                                                          0     2 294     2000
 -00585
-212088

      0
      0
      0
                                                                                                                                                            -0.1989
                                                                                                                                                            -28246

-------
                                                                Colorado State University: Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                                  Test Program:  EPA RICE Testing:                                               Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                  Description:  Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations                      Engine Type:  Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                  Date: March 30,1999                                                           Test Points: Analyzer Linerity - CH4/Non-CH4
 QC Mir.,30 1999 10.51:05
 OM
 Pre_CO
 Pre_C02
 Pra_O2
 PreJUIelhana
 Pra_Non Mattiana
 Pra_NOx~
 Pre_THC

 Posl_CO
 Posl_C02
 Po«t_O2
 Posl.Mettum
 Poil_Non_Mathana
 Post_NOx
 Pos(_THC

 QCJMar.,10 1999 10:44:00
 Gas
 Pr«_CO
 Praj:O2
 Pre_Q2
 Pre_Mathana
 Pre.Non_Melh»n«
 Pra_NOx
 Pre~THC

 Poit_CO
 Po»I_CO2
 Po»fo2
PoUJMalriana
PoK_Non Malhana
Poal_NOx~
Po«l_THC
Daacriptlon: Analyzer Lliwarlly - Low Valua
  Slop*   InUrc.pt  Cal_Gaa Zaro.Avg Span.Avg   Rang*  ppm_or_%
    20112    -0009       109        0      542      200      109
    25261    4062      904     0002      036       25      904
    24801    -0059	12     0002     0486       25       12
  491.296   -494^MHif    ' °°7     ' 927
    50554   -51799HR|f|    1025     1959
    99846    -0503      460     0005     4612     1000      460
  498408    -0019      2750        0     5518     5000     2750
                                                            % Error
                                                                            QC_Mar.,30_1999_11:13:22   DMCription: Analyzar Llnaarlty - High Valua
    10449
              -025
    0769        0
    4993        0
  479601   -480038
   50 866   -52 899
  198 762
  399635
 0022
-0031
           732
           199
            12
460
901
0024
   0
   0
1001
 104
   0
   0
                                        0724
                                                  200
                                                           732
2586       20
2 403       25
1.967     2000
1927      200
2314     1000
2 255     2000
Daacriptlon: Analyzar Calibration - CH4/Non-CH4
  Slop*   Intareapl  Cal Gaa  Zaro Avg Span_Avg  Ranga  ppm_or %
   20112
   25261
   24801
  491.296
   50554
   99.846
  498.408

   10449     -025
    0.769        0
    4993        0
  479601   -480036
   SO 866   -52 899
  198762
                          399.635     -0031
             0022
Gat
Pra_CO
Pre_CO2
Pra_O2
Pra_Methana
Pre_Non_Methane
Pra_NOx
Pra_THC

Post_CO
Posl_C02
Poil_O2
Poil_Mathana
Post_Non_Mothano
Posl_NOx
Post THC
                                                                                                      Slopa   Intarcapt  Cal_Gaa  Zaro_Avg Span_Avg  Range
                                                                                                       20112    -0009
                                                                                                       25 261    -0 062
                                                                                                       24801    -0059
                                                                                                      491 296   -494 54
                                                                                                       50 554   -51 799
                                                                                                       99 846    -0 503
                                                                                                      498 408    -0 019
                                                                                                                           109
                                                                                                                                            542
                                                                                                                                                      200
                                                                                                                        0 002     0 36       25
                                                                                                                        0 002     0 486       25
                                                                                                                        1007     4 718     2000
                                                                                                                        1025     461      200
                                                                                                                460     0005     4612     1000
                                                                                                                                      2750
                                                                                                                                                        5518
                                                                                                                                                                 5000
0 724      200
2.566       20
2.403       25
 4 76      2000
4668      200
2314      1000
2 255      2000

-------
                                                         Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                              Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:                                          Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                              Description: Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations                    Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                              Date: March 30,1999                                                     Test Points: NOx Converter Efficiency            NO/NO2 Calibration Gas: 259.4ppm/181.3ppm
QC_M«r.,30_1999_10:51:05  Dturlption: No« Convnter EHIctoncy
                       Slop*   Inlimpt C«t_G««  Z.ro_Avg Sp«n_Avg  Rang*  ppm_or_X
Pre_CO
Pr«IcO2
Pr*_02
Pn_Ma(lun>
Pre Non Methane
Pre.THC
Posl_CO
Poll CO2
Posfo2
PosfNon_Melh«ne
20112
25261
24801
491.296
50554
498 408
41254
1995
4993
479601
50 886
-0009
-0082
-0059
-49454
-51799
-0019
-0987
-0001
0
-480036
-52.899
109
904
12
1800
181
2750
289
516
12
1800
181
0
0002
0002
1007
1.025
0
0024
0
0
1001
104
542
036
0486
4718
461
5518
0724
2586
2403
476
4668
200
25
25
2000
200
5000
200
10
25
2000
200
WHti**!&m
109
904
12
1623 595
161241
2750
289
516
12
1802 742
184544
                                                                                       % Error
                                                                                            0
                                                                                            0
                                                                                            0
                                                                                        1 17975
                                                                                        01205
                                                                                            0
                                                                                            0
                                                                                            0
                                                                                        01371
                                                                                         1 772
Post THC

-------
                                                                 Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                   Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:

                                   Description: Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations

                                   Date: March 30,1999
                                                                                          Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                                                                          Engine Type:  Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                                                                          Test Points: FTIR Validation
 QC_Mar.,30_1999_23.59:50  Description: Poit Test Zero Drift Check
 G"                       Slop*   lnl.rc.pl |gi|iifi Z.ro_AvB Span_Avg   Rang*
                            20112     """^BallHH       °
                            25261     -0062^BHHH|    0002
                            24801     -OOSSJHHH    0002
                           491 296   -494 54 BBHi    1 007
                            50554   -51799I^^Bi    1025
  Pre_CO
  Pr»_CO2
  Pra_02
  Pre_Mettiane
  Pre_Non_Mmhane
 Pre_NOx
 Pre~THC

 Post_CO
 Posl_CO2
 Post~O2
 Posl^Mnlhan.
 Poil_Non_M«lhan«
 Post_NOx
 Posl_THC
                             99846
                            498 408
             -0503
             -0019
                             41.254    -0987
                              1 995    -0 001
                              4993        0
                           479601  -480036
                             50866
                           198 762
                           399 635
            -52899
              0022
             -0031
0005
   0

0024
   0
   0
1001
 104
   0
   0
                                            0
                                         0002
                                         0002
                                         1008
                                         1092
             0
         0068

         0019
         0007
         0002
         0999
         1099
         0004
             0
QC_Mar.,30 1999 21:15:01
Gas
Pre_CO
Pre_CO2
Pre_O2
Pre_M«lhan«
Pre_Non_Melhan*
Description:
Slope
20 112
25261
24801
491296
50554
: Sample Bias Ch.ck NOx
lnt.rc.pt Cal Gas Zero Avg Span Avg Rang* ppm or %
-0009
-0062
-0059
-49454
-51 799
109
904
12
1800
181
0
0002
0002
1007
1025
542
036
0486
4718
461
200
25
25
2000
200
109
904
12
1823 595
181 241
PreJTHC

Post_CO
PosfcO2
Posfo2
Post_Methane
Po«t_Non_Melhane
                           498 408
                                      -0019
                            41254     -0987
                             1.995     -0001
                             4993        0
                           479 601   -480 036
                            50866   -52899
                       2750

                       289
                       516
                         12
                       1800
                        181
0024
   0
   0
1001
 104
5518

0724
2586
2403
 476
4668
                                                                          5000
                                                                                   2750
 200      289
  10      516
  25       12
2000  1802 742
 200   184 544
                                                                                                                   QC_Mar.,31_1999_00:24-01  Description: Post Test Span Drift Check
 Post_THC

 QC.M
                                                  Pr«_CO
                                                  Pre_CO2
                                                  Pre_O2
                                                  Pre_Melhane
                                                  Pre_Non_Methan«
                                                  Pre_NOx
                                                  Pre~THC

                                                  Poil_CO
                                                  Posl_CO2
                                                  Post_02
                                                  Post_M«than«
                                                  Post_Non_Methana
                                                  Posl_NOx
                                                  Post THC
                                                                                    Slop*   Intercept
                                                                                     20112     -0009
                                                                                     25261     -0062
                                                                                     24801
                                                                                    491296
                                                                                     50554
                                                                                     99846
                                                                  498 408

                                                                   41254
                                                                    1 995
                                                                    4993
                                                                  479601
                                                                   50866
                                                                  198 762
                                                                  399 635
                                                                            -0059
                                                                           -494 54
                                                                           -51799
                                                                            -0503
                                                                            -0019
                                                          QC_Mar.,30_1999_10 44:00  Description:  Analyz*r Calibration - CH4 / Non-CH4
                                                 Gas
                                                 Pre_CO
                                                 Pre_CO2
                                                 Pre_02
                                                 Pr«_Methane
                                                 Pn>_Non_Methane
                                                 Pre_NOx
                                                 Pre_THC

                                                 Post_CO
                                                 PosfcO2
                                                 Posl_O2
                                                 Post_Methane
                                                 Post_Non_Methane
                                                 Post_NOx
                                                 Post THC
                                                                 Slop*   Intercept
                                                                   20112    -0009
                                                                   25 261    -0 062
                                                                   24801
                                                                 491296
                                                                   50554
                                                                   99846
                                                                 498 408

-------
                                                              Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                                 Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:                                              Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Bum Engine

                                 Description: Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations                      Engine Type:  Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                 Date: March 28,1999                                                          Test Points: Analyzer Unarity - Pro Catalyst
QC M«r..2« 1999_16:19:24
6*1
Pre.CO
Pre CO2
PnTtM
PraJIfetlurw
Pr»JJon_M«trnn«
Pr»_NOx
Pr«_THC

PoH_CO
Po«t.C02
Po«l_O2
Pott.Melharw
Po«_Non_M«lh«n*
Po«(_NOx
Pan THC
Ducrlptlon:  Arnlyur Umartly - Low V*lu*
  Slop*
   19855
   25175
   24996
       0
       0
   99853
  499221

       0
       0
       0
       0
       0
       0
       0
InUrctpl
   -0455
   -0061
   -0084
      0
      0
   -0.85
   -0019

      0
      0
      0
      0
      0
      0
      0
  10
  10
1.31
5.16
 12
 10
 10
305
901
                          Z«ro_Avg Spin.Avg
0023
0002
0003
   0
   0
0.007
   0

   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
QC_M»r,JO_1999_11:36:30  Dncriptlon: Ar*lyi«rCalibration
Oat
Pr»_CO
Pl»_CO2
Pr«~O2
PmZlMhm
Pre_Non_M«lhane
Pr«_NO»
Pr«lTHC

Po«l_CO
PoifcOJ
Po»l_O2
Po»t_Melhine
Poit_Non_M«lhan«
Posl_NOx
Po»t~THC
                      732
                      518
                       12
                       10
                       10
                      305
                      801
                                                                      CH4/Non-CHI
                                       200
                                        10
                                        25
                                        20
                                        20
                                      1000
                                      2000
                                                                                      QC_Mar.,2I_1999_1s:13:45  Description: Arulyztr Llnority - High V»li»
G»
Pre_CO
Pre_CO2
Pre_O2
PralMathane
Pre_Non_M«thane
Pr«_NOx
Pf»_THC

Po»l_CO
Poil_CO2
Poal_O2
Po>I_Melhane
PostNon_Melh»ne
Poj|_NOx
Post_THC
Slop*   lnt.rc.pt
 19 855    -04S5
 25175    -0061
 24996
     0
     0
 99853
498221

     0
     0
     0
     0
     0
     0
     0
                                                                                                                Z*ro_Avg Span_Avg  Ring*
0023
0002
0003
   0
   0
0007
   0

   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
8013
0838
0842
   0
   0
9341
9172

   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
   0
                                                                                                                                       200
  -50
  •SO
 -3.es
 -51 6
  -48
  -50
  .50
 -305
-45 05

-------
                                                              Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                                Test Program:  EPA RICE Testing:                                             Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                                Description: Reference Method Analyzers Dally Calibrations                     Engine Type:  Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                                Date: March 28,1999                                                         Test Points: Analyzer Linerlty - Post Catalyst
QC_Mar..J«_1999J18:4S:Ze   OncripHon: An.lyi.r Llnurity - Low Valu.
Gu
Pre CO
Pr»~CO2
PraJD2
Pre_Me(hana
Pra_Non_MelhCo2
Post.Methine
Poj(_Non_Meth«no
Po»t_NOx
PosCTHC
Slop. Intercapt C«l_Gat Zaro_Avg Span_Avg Ring. (
19855 -0455 438 0023 2188 200
25175
24996
0
0
99,853
498221
-0061
-0084
0
0
.055
-0019
5.16
438
10
10
112
901
0002
0003
0
0
0007
0
0214
0178
0
0
1.1Z
1835
25
25
20
20
1000
5000
ipm_or_%
42.989
533
4369
0
0
111 165
914097
                                                                    % Error
                                                                      -0 4055
                                                                        068
                                                                      -0044
                                                                         -50
                                                                         -50
                                                                      •00835
                                                                      026194

                                                                          0
                                                                          0
                                                                          0
                                                                         -50
                                                                         -50
                                                                          0
                                                                          0
Ga>
Pre_CO
Pre_C02
Pre_O2
Pre_Mathane
Pr»_Non_M»lhans
Pre_NO«
Pr»_THC

Posl_CO
Post_C02
POSIJ32
Post_M«tham
PoJt_Non_Melhane
Post_NOx
Post THC
                                                                                                             Slop*   tntarc.pt  Cal_Gat  Z«ro_Avg Span_Avg  Ranga  ppm_or_%
19855
25175
24996
0
0
99853
-0455
-0061
-0084
0
0
-065
438
516
438
10
10
112
0023
0002
0003
0
a
0007
2188
0214
0178
0
0
1 12
200
25
25
20
20
1000
42989
533
4369
0
0
111.165
                                                                                                             498 221    -0019
                                                                                                                                                  1835
                                                                                                                                                           5000   914.097
 108      200
4531       10
4 232       25
   0       20
   0       20
4645     1000
4462     2000

-------
       SAMPLE LINE
         LEAK CHECK
STATION Colorado State
DATE  J/JoA
Pre ;Jesl Leak Check
TIME OF DAY
DURATION
INITIAL VACUUM
FINAL VACUUM
LAT
Post-Jest Leak Check
TIME OF DAY
DURATION
INITIAL VACUUM
FINAL VACUUM

,, . ,~ . „ r kM^
/u • " - °c s~t^
P.M.
± MIN.
z / in. HG
2 I in. HG
• ..:•'•.; ^>3^^^'Sv"^fc^•
/£> :ZS : OC- ^-^
QLM-
1 MIN.
^/ in.HG
ij in.HG

-------
      SAMPLE SYSTEM
         RESPONSE TIME
STATION Colorado State
DATE
  -Catalyst Sample System
TIME OF DAY
          : CX>
DURATION
     /'/O
MINI.
ANALYSER TYPE
NGfl-ZQQQ
INITIAL READING
        %
FINAL READING
  :-Catalyst Sample System
TIME OF DAY
       : 40 :
DURATION
             MIN
ANALYSER TYPE
        Oz.
INITIAL READING
FINAL READING

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                     APPENDIX F


                                FTIR CALIBRATIONS
Emissions Testing                                                     Paciflc Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                            Colorado State University: Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                       Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:                                              Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                       Description: FTIR Dally Calibrations - Nlcolet Rega 7000                          Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                       Date:  March 31,1999 through April 2,1999                                      Test Points: Pre Catalyst
 ai-Mtr-93               COLO
              Measured  Actual
                (PPM)    (PPM)
    Pre Test
 H2CO
 H2CO Integrity
 H2CO Recovery
 CO            112104    109
 Multl GU
   Post Test
 H2CO
 H2CO Recovery
 H2CO Integrity   113 603    109
 CO
 Multl Gas

                        COLO
 1-Apr-99       Measured  Actual
                (PPM)    (PPM)
    Pre Test
 H2CO
 H2CO Integrity
 H2CO Recovery
 CO            115219    109
 Multl Gas
   Post Test
 H2CO
 H2CO Integrity
 H2CO Recovery
 CO            115398    109
 Multl Gas
                                    C02
                 Percent Measured  Actual
                  Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                          655231   68000
                          68512 2   68000
                                    CO2
                 Percent  Measured  Actual
                  Error     (PPM)    (PPM)
                         6939123   68000
                                        69078 51   68000
                   NO
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                   250 2046    260
                                                    252 558    260
                   NO
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                    254156
                                                                   255 167    260
                CH4
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                             1296117   1300
                   CH4
Percent  Measured   Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                             1269906
                                                                                            1296117  1352599
                  H2CO
Percent  Measured   Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)

         10293    1066
         10434    1066
         10434    10293
                                                                                                        10362    1066
                                                                                                        10221    1086
                                                                                                        10221    10362
                  H2CO
Percent  Measured   Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)

         10575    1066
         10362    1066
         10 362    10 575
                                                                                                        10541    1066
                                                                                                        10374    1066
                                                                                                        10 374    10 541
                   CO
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                                                                  112104
                                                                                                                                 190 7273
                                                                                                                                  113603
                                                                                                                                  193213
                   CO
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                                                                  115219
                                                                                                                                  196009
                                                                                                                                  115398
                                                                                                                                  200681
          NOX
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                                                                                          ! 251.9382    263
                                                                                                                                                           254 158    263
          I.OX
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                                                                                            255 882    263
                                                                                                                                                            257 087    263
                                                                                                        Percent
                                                                                                         Error
                                                                                                        Percent
                                                                                                         Error
2-Apr-99
   Pre Test
H2CO
H2CO Integrity
H2CO Recovery
CO
Multl Gas
   Post Test
H2CO
H2CO Integrity
H2CO Recovery
CO
Multl Gas
                        COLO
              Measured   Actual
               (PPM)    (PPM)
11294
11605
          109
          109
                                    CO2
                 Percent  Measured  Actual
                  Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                         68648 98   68000
                                        66225 06   68000
                   NO
Percent  Measured   Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                   251 7678    260
                                                                  255 762
                                                                             260
                   CH4
Percent  Measured   Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                             1269906  129913
                                                                                            1296117  1343133
                                            H2CO
                          Percent  Measured   Actual
                           Error    (PPM)    (PPM)

                                   10352    1066
                                   10514    1066
                                   10514    10352
                                                                                                        1064     1066
                                                                                                        10308    1066
                                                                                                        10308    1064
                                             CO
                          Percent  Measured   Actual
                           Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                       11294
                                                                                      194 1578
                                                                                       11605
                                                                                       198 848
                                    NOX
                          Percent  Measured  Actual
                           Error     (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                                                                                          I 253 7322    263
                                                                                                                                                            257 331    263
                          Percent
                           Error

-------
                                               Colorado State University: Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory

                        Test Program:  EPA RICE Testing:                                                Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine

                        Description:  FTIR Dally Calibrations - Nlcolet Magna 560                           Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF

                        Date:  March  31,1999 through April 2,1999                                        Test Points: Post Catalyst
 31-Mar-99                COLO
               Measured  Actual
                (PPM)    (PPM)
    Pre Test
 H2CO
 H2CO Integrity
 H2CO Recovery
 CO            10887926
 MultlGu       1858193
    Post Test
 H2CO
 H2CO Integrity
 H2CO Recovery
 CO            108 852
 MuttlGis       184408
                                      CO2                        NO
                   Percent  Measured  Actual   Percent  Measured   Actual
                    Error     (PPM)    (PPM)    Error     (PPM)     (PPM)
                          i 64956 493  68000
                                          66591 17   68000
                                                     249 23538    260
                                                                     248 732     260
                 CH4
 Percent  Measured   Actual
  Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                1292 8957   1300
                                                                                               1292748    1300
                   H2CO
 Percent   Measured   Actual
  Error     (PPM)    (PPM)

         105295    1066
          1043     1066
          1043    105295
                                                                                                           1032046   1066
                                                                                                            10322    1066
                                                                                                            10322   10320461
                            NOX
         Percent  Measured  Actual
          Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                                                                     25134166    263
                           Percent
                            Error
                                                                                                                                                     250954
                                                                                                                                                                263
 1-Apr-99                  COLO
               Measured   Actual
                (PPM)    (PPM)
    Pre Test
 K2CO
 H2CO Integrity
 H2CO Recovery
 CO             10958
 MuM Gas       184 78834
   Post Test
 H2CO
 H2CO Integrity
 H2CO Recovery
 CO             10697
 MultlGas       183442
                                      CO2                        NO
                  Percent  Measured   Actual   Percent  Measured  Actual
                   Error    (PPM)    (PPM)    Error     (PPM)    (PPM)
                         i 65990 545   68000
                                          65492 46   68000
                                                     249 48742   260
                                                                     248 01     260
                   CH4
Percent  Measured   Actual
 Error     (PPM)     (PPM)
                                                                                12888787    1300
                                                                                               1284456    1300
Percent  Measured
 Error     (PPM)
H2CO
Actual
(PPM)
                                                                                                            10608    1066
                                                                                                            10486    1066
                                                                                                            10486    10.608
                                                                                                            10532    1066
                                                                                                            10634    1066
                                                                                                            10634    10532
                   NOX
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error     (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                                                                     251 55548    263
Percent
 Error
                                                                                                                                                     250172
                                                                                                                                                                263
2-Apr-99
   Pre Test
H2CO
H2CO Integrity
H2CO Recovery
CO
Multl Gas
   Post Test
H2CO
H2CO Integrity
H2CO Recovery
CO
Multl Gas
                         COLO
              Measured   Actual
                (PPM)     (PPM)
108 674
186.446
109596
187406
                                     CO2                       NO
                  Percent  Measured   Actual    Percent  Measured   Actual
                   Error     (PPM)     (PPM)     Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                           6602165    68000
                                         65016 21   68000
                                                      250 794     260
                                                                    251 398     260
                   CH4
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)
                                                                                1288228    1300
                                                                                               1300498    1300
                  H2CO
Percent  Measured  Actual
 Error    (PPM)    (PPM)

         10 726    10 66
         10672    1068
         10672    10726
                                                                                                           10902     1066
                                                                                                           11112     1066
                                                                                                           11112    10902
                           NOX
        Percent   Measured   Actual
         Error     (PPM)    (PPM)
                           Percent
                            Error
                                                                                                                                      252756
                                                                                                                                                     253 482
                                                                                                                                                263
                                                                                                                                                               263

-------
            FTIR
       ANALYZER
           LEAK CHECK
STATION Colorado State
DATE
Pre-Catalyst Sample System
TIME OF DAY
DURATION
INITIAL PRESSURE
FINAL PRESSURE
Post-Catalyst Sample System
TIME OF DAY
DURATION
INITIAL PRESSURE
FINAL PRESSURE
x, LA^t^^^^/J
&* :4
-------
         FTIR
    SAMPLE SYSTEM
        LEAK CHECK
STATION Colorado State
DATE
CAT
Pre-7^ Leak Check
TIME OF DAY
DURATION
INITIAL FLOW RATE
FINAL FLOW RATE
Post-Testieak Check
TIME OF DAY
DURATION
INITIAL FLOW RATE
FINAL FLOW RATE
Of : ^ ^ v ' „ !
06, : £5 : On
d. MIN.
^"^ ^~r ^V^l ^^
Oi n T" n rr
"•• l u"
Oj n — T*n rr
TTH r\**i
N , ,;^^^^^e-
Cf? : O4- : C>O fli^\
1_ MIN.
\^^ ift. 1 Olr*'
(3 in.Tbrr

-------
                                                            COLORADO STA TE UNIVERSITY
                                     APPENDIX G


                                  FTIR VALmATION
Emissions Testing                                                      Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------

VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF FORMALDEHYDE
Date Conducted: 30 March 1999
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS


OUTLET

FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS)=
Dilution Factor for Unspiked Samples =

19.3





0.80
















ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)


RUN#
1
2
3
4
5
6

AVERAGE:

CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)
SPIKED SAMPLES
A
24.20
24.40
24.30
24.20
24.20
24.60

Sm=

STANDARD DEVIATION:









BIAS'













B
24.70
23.80
23.60
24.40
23.90
24.60

[_ 24.24



SPIKED SDs=


UNSPIKED SDu=


RELATIVE STD RSDs=


RELATIVE STD RSDu=






UNSPIKED SAMPLES
C
8.78
7.45
7.47
7.50
7.44
7.87

Mm=



0.32

0.41

1.3%

5.5%


Corrected Unspiked Cone =


B=

STD OF MEAN SDm=




t-VALUE=

CRITICAL t-VALUE=
(n=12, alpha=95%)


-1.114

0.524

2.127

2.201


D
7.45
7.41
7.36
7.30
7.43
7.38

7.57







A-B
-0.50
0.60
0.70
-0.20
0.30
0.00






(A-B)A2
0.25
0.36
0.49
0.04


C-D
1.33
0.04
0.11
0.20
0.09 | 0.01
0.00









(acceptable)


(acceptable)


6.06





















Bias not statistically significant, CF not needed.


I CORRECTION FACTOR

1.061






















(Acceptable)
0.49




























(C-D)A2
1.77
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.00
0.24




























-------
          VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETALDEHYDE
Date Conducted: 30 March 1999              OUTLET
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS
FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS)=         4.8
Dilution Factor for Unspiked Samples =                    0.80
ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)
          CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)
            SPIKED SAMPLES     UNSPIKED SAMPLES
RUN# A
1 4.50
2 4.50
3 4.60
4 4.30
5 4.50
6 4.30
B
4.50
4.40
4.50
4.50
4.20
4.40
c
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
D
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
A-B (A-B)A2
0.00
0.10
0.10
-0.20
0.30
-0.10
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.09
0.01
C-D (C-D)A2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
 AVERAGE:
Sm=
4.43    Mm=
0.00
STANDARD DEVIATION:
          SPIKED SDs=
                0.12
          UNSPIKED SDu=
          RELATIVE STD RSDs=
                0.00
                2.6% (acceptable)
          RELATIVE STD RSDu=  #DIV/0!  #DIV/0!
BIAS:
           Corrected Unspiked Cone =
                     B=         -0.367
                        0.00
           STD OF MEAN SDm=
                0.115
                     t-VALUE=   3.175
           CRITICAL t-VALUE=      2.201
           (n=12, alpha=95%)

           Bias is statistically significant

           CORRECTION FACTOR   1.083  (Acceptable)

-------
          VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACROLEIN
Date Conducted: 3 0 March 1999              OUTLET
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS
FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS)=         17.0
Dilution Factor for Unspiked Samples =                    0.80
ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)
          CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)
            SPIKED SAMPLES     UNSPIKED SAMPLES
RUN#
1
2
3
4
5
6
AVERAGE:
STANDARD


A
17.70
18.20
18.40
17.40
18.20
17.90
Sm=
DEVIATION:
SPIKED SDs=
UNSPIKED SDu=

18
17,
18
17
17
19
B
.10
.90
.40
.40
.90
.00
18.04






c
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mm=

0.36
0.00
D
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00



A-B (A-B)A2
-0
0
0
0
0
-1




.40
.30
.00
.00
.30
.10




0.16
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.09
1.21




C-D (C-D)A2
0
0
0
0
0
0




.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00




0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00




BIAS:
          RELATIVE STD RSDs=     2.0% (acceptable)
          RELATIVE STD RSDu=  #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
          Corrected Unspiked Cone =
                     B=         1.042
        0.00
          STD OF MEAN SDm=
0.359
                     t-VALUE=    2.898

          CRITICAL t-VALUE=      2.201
          (n=12, alpha=95%)

          Bias is statistically significant

          CORRECTION FACTOR    0.942 (Acceptable)

-------
                        Colorado State University: Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                                                                        Pagel
Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:
Description: FTIR Daily Calibrations - Nicolet Magna 560
Date: March 30,1999           Time:   19.58.54    to
22 06 21
              Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
              Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
              Test Points: Post Catalyst Validation
time
5682
11614
17671
23604
29661
35594
4165
47582
53512
59573
65502
71559
774.9
83551
89605
95664
101595
107656
1137 1
119774
125899
131759
1378 16
143752
149803
1557 37
161792
1677 31
173781
179715
18577
191709
19776
203819
209749
215815
221738
2278 16
233853
2397 92
2457 16
2517 76
2578 31
263769
26982
2757 53
281 809
287744
2938
2997.4
305791
311853
317903
323838
329892
335832
3417.55
3478.16
H2CO
24.17
2472
24.44
2395
878
7.45
827
235
24.35
23.83
19.29
7.45
741
1472
2418
2427
2363
15.77
7.47
7.36
717
21 85
2423
24.46
7.54
726
7.44
21.29
2416
23.87
1403
7.44
7.43
19.88
24.58
24.6
7.87
7.38
9.78
23.95
23.78
2033
7.46
7.44
7.27
7.39
7.4
7.36
7.27
7.3
7.28
7.26
7.14
7.23
6.48
093
096
2.46
IHH2CO
048
048
049
049
0.43
0.41
0.41
047
048
0.48
0.46
041
0.41
0.43
0.47
0.47
047
0.44
0.43
042
042
0.46
048
0.48
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.47
0.48
0.47
0.45
0.42
0.42
0.45
0.49
0.49
0.43
0.43
0.42
0.48
0.48
0.47
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.42
042
0.42
0.42
0.42
042
0.4
0.31
0.3
0.32
ACROL
17.95
17.71
18.11
18.15
0
0
0
18.28
18.22
17.86
12.52
0
0
8.31
17.72
18.37
18.37
9.7
0
0
0
16.94
17.39
17.44
0
0
0
16.49
18.23
17.85
7.89
0
0
15.06
17.92
19
0
0
0
18.19
1858
14.32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
C
0
0
0
(•HACROl
5.02
5.11
509
508
4.35
4.3
43
5.01
498
506
4.91
4.27
428
4.58
5.07
502
5.13
4.71
432
4.34
4.24
4.92
5.13
5.14
4.33
4.39
425
487
SOS
5.18
4.75
4.42
4.38
4.92
5.21
5.21
4.52
4.39
4.49
5.16
5.17
4.96
4.51
4.39
4.36
4.42
4.5
4.48
4.42
4.47
4.46
4.46
4.5
4.52
4.44
2.23
1.96
246
MECHO
469
448
4.45
46
0
0
0
4.71
4.54
4.37
3
0
0
1.66
4.2
4.55
445
1.87
0
0
0
4.22
4.33
4.45
0
0
0
3.88
4.48
421
0
0
0
3.68
4.26
4.36
0
0
0
4.5
4.22
3.64
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.25
0
093
+-1MECHC CRUD
1.34
1.36
1.37
1.37
1.2
1 15
1.16
1.32
1 36
1.36
1 3
1.16
1.15
1 22
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.25
1.2
1.19
1.18
1.3
1 35
1.35
1.16
1.17
1.19
1.31
1.34
1.34
1.27
1.18
1.19
1.28
1.38
1.37
1.21
1.2
.19
.36
.36
.32
.19
.19
.19
.18
.21
1.2
.17
.19
.18
.19
.17
.19
13
088
085
09
026
025
025
026
0
0
0
026
026
025
015
0
0
0
025
026
026
008
0
0
0
023
024
026
0
0
0
022
026
025
0
0
0
019
025
026
0
0
0
026
026
019
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(+OCRUD
006
006
006
006
007
007
007
006
006
006
007
007
007
007
006
006
006
007
007
007
007
008
006
006
007
007
007
006
006
007
007
007
007
007
007
006
007
007
007
006
006
007
007
007
007
007
007
007
007
007
007
007
007
007
007
002
002
003
COLO
909
905
917
907
1185
1217
1197
933
924
935
997
1217
1221
1057
918
907
917
1046
1211
1208
1225
924
917
921
11 98
1206
1218
955
93
916
1084
1202
1225
976
926
922
1199
1216
1168
919
906
979
1202
1218
1216
1216
1192
1203
1214
1212
1204
1207
1218
1219
1061
0
035
322
(+-1COLO CO2
078 2849845
077 2872013
0 78 28781 54
076 285141
067 3474305
066 3545967
068 3495754
076 2866509
075 2853446
075 2873448
072 3069929
065 3529343
064 3537521
068 3241289
0 74 28671 21
076 2850337
074 2858471
073 318898
065 3538603
066 3549309
067 3524063
0 72 29089 8
077 2894417
078 2859665
067 3519452
069 3533538
069 3516705
075 2917761
078 2836399
081 2860463
074 3280477
068 3525089
069 3516507
0 76 29871 38
078 2871955
079 2838529
069 3512898
068 3528735
0 69 33931 62
078 2850938
077 2641817
0 78 29680 98
069 3506211
068 3518682
068 3513226
069 3519815
069 3540361
069 35157.11
069 3514095
07 3539668
0 68 35272 5
069 351903
07 3528246
07 3527864
068 3140341
0 34 696 84
03 73415
0 38 8737 88
(+-1CO2
72615
73862
73285
73313
66537
65935
67225
72227
7235
73087
71674
65644
66499
68628
72503
72445
73577
711 12
66994
6645
65785
71973
73826
74258
66351
67586
65812
6998
72807
74733
71391
67677
6726
72441
75943
751 04
69015
68542
68356
741 5
73379
73434
691 48
678
68063
68592
6935
67923
68082
68688
69198
68062
6886
6989
68888
35735
31316
3951
NO
1204
12729
12756
121 05
15563
16903
15245
13213
12548
1189
13821
1564
15305
14898
11592
12056
12408
13287
16013
16032
15333
13088
12907
11728
161 8
15961
1523
13525
12551
11814
15343
16018
14907
13302
121 59
11734
1616
161 23
14568
12402
1246
12307
15258
162.27
1532
161,69
16706
1518
15532
16265
151 44
15008
15838
15332
12398
0
0
324
(+-1NO
862
876
877
861
786
803
781
852
857
856
848
764
761
81
839
841
855
808
775
782
758
829
87
856
787
797
77
845
865
881
848
798
78
85
889
878
82
806
792
874
882
862
795
807
786
805
831
801
801
818
803
797
81
815
757
35
306
381
NO2
2072
2125
21
2068
2426
252
2385
21 26
2099
2051
221
24 17
238
233
2045
2061
2089
223
2479
2464
2404
21 71
21 17
2031
246
2439
2381
21 59
2077
2035
2368
2453
2346
21 64
205
20
2423
2446
2316
2045
2042
2095
2367
244
2379
246
2492
237
2407
2471
24
2383
2445
2428
2276
1012
918
1237
(+-1N02
1713
1728
1739
1717
1482
1484
1489
1673
1692
1705
1648
146
1454
1547
1695
1688
1704
1605
1463
1473
1462
1649
1724
1734
1495
1513
1503
1665
1742
179
1655
1532
1527
1695
1782
1775
1575
1546
1553
1759
1767
1735
1552
1537
1521
1537
1553
1542
1532
1549
1548
1547
1545
1571
1523
937
8.79
95
NOX
141 12
14854
14856
14173
1799
19423
1763
15339
14647
13941
1603
18057
17685
17228
13637
141 18
14497
15518
18492
18496
17738
15258
15024
13759
18641
18401
17611
15684
14628
13849
17711
18471
17253
15465
14209
13734
18583
18569
16884
14447
14502
14402
176.26
18667
17699
18629
19198
17549
179.4
18736
17544
17392
18283
1776
14674
0
0
4477
(t-)NOX
2576
2603
2616
2578
2268
2288
2271
2525
2548
2561
2495
2224
2215
2357
2533
2529
2559
2413
2239
2255
2221
2478
2594
259
2282
231
2273
251
2608
267
2503
233
2307
2545
2672
2652
2395
2352
2346
2632
2649
2598
2347
2344
2306
2342
2384
2343
2333
2367
2351
2344
2354
2385
228
1287
11 85
133
CH4
63089
64019
641 67
63591
781 22
79695
79237
63744
63978
63439
671 38
79282
80442
72816
63917
63689
62976
71684
81807
80477
79294
84773
65077
63757
78976
80509
79718
65575
6304
6392
73993
78782
79919
66889
63581
63336
79485
80246
76919
631 57
63681
66514
79578
80087
79046
80606
79305
79017
79715
789.03
80258
8012
79645
79624
671 47
11.11
866
15242
(+-)CH4
1105
11
1094
1095
11 14
11 41
11 28
1088
1084
1077
1075
1086
1075
1064
1052
1057
1061
1087
1081
11 13
11 19
1093
1092
1098
11 54
116
1185
11 24
11 33
11 48
11 81
1182
11 81
11 38
11 2
11 25
11 6
11,67
11.57
11 2
11 18
11 31
11 57
1162
11 54
1154
1153
1154
1155
11.53
115
1158
11 57
11 59
986
1 18
109
288
time
5682
11614
17671
23604
29661
35594
4165
47582
53512
59573
65502
71559
7749
83551
89605
95664
101595
107656
11371
119774
125699
131759
1378 16
1437 52
149803
155737
161792
1677 31
1737 81
1797 15
18577
191709
1977.6
203819
209749
215815
221738
227816
233853
2397.92
2457.16
251776
257831
263769
26982
2757.53
281809
2877.44
2938
2997.4
305791
311853
317903
323838
329892
335832
341755
347816

-------
                        Colorado State University: Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                                                                                                                                   Page 2
Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:
Description: FTIR Daily Calibrations - Nicolet Magna 560
Date: March 30,1999            Time:    19:58:54   to
Engine Class:  Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
Test Points: Post Catalyst Validation
C2H4
222
216
224
228
292
303
299
221
228
215
251
299
306
261
216
225
223
248
305
297
296
217
226
226
279
298
308
224
229
229
283
296
294
222
218
227
267
295
277
221
216
238
31
305
297
292
295
288
303
291
281
29
308
287
251
0
0
0
(+-1C2H4
1 18
12
12
1 2
102
101
101
1 18
1 17
1 19
1 16
101
1 01
108
1 19
1 18
1 21
1 11
102
1 02
1
1.16
1.21
1 21
1 02
1.04
1
1 15
1 19
122
1 12
1 04
1.03
1 16
1 23
1.23
1 07
1.03
106
1 21
122
1 17
106
103
103
104
106
106
1 04
105
105
105
106
107
105
052
046
058
C2H6
6462
6569
6569
6534
7813
7966
7951
6541
6566
6495
6818
7879
8002
7321
6511
6506
6441
7228
81 52
8007
7896
6623
6643
6537
7925
8069
798
6732
6508
657
7515
7897
8017
6848
6557
6529
7979
8051
7767
6548
6601
6878
80.27
81 05
7994
81 5
8012
7974
8056
7929
808
8066
8023
8011
6927
291
252
1909
{+-IC2H6
668
67
674
669
639
63
634
663
668
668
655
636
638
643
667
668
665
648
636
64
634
658
676
674
638
637
635
661
669
675
654
636
635
656
676
675
642
64
637
672
677
664
643
643
6.38
64
643
64
641
637
639
638
637
64
58
1 71
151
242
C3HB
1315
1326
1319
1324
1379
1354
1363
1308
1309
1311
1298
1345
1355
1326
1304
1309
1275
1333
1368
1352
1361
13
1302
1302
1351
1357
1368
1325
1302
1317
1342
1338
1364
1309
131
1319
1363
1372
1353
1309
132
1304
1369
137
1357
1372
1342
1353
1367
133
1348
1359
1319
13.1
11 29
1 22
1 17
35
(+-1C3H8
43
431
434
431
411
406
408
426
43
43
421
409
411
413
429
43
428
417
409
412
408
423
435
433
41
41
409
425
43
434
421
409
408
422
435
434
413
412
41
432
435
427
413
414
411
412
413
412
412
41
411
411
41
412
373
1 1
097
1 56
THC
871 02
88366
88526
87838
10679
108784
108262
87963
88286
87532
92307
1081 26
109694
99712
88079
87847
868 17
98266
111542
109721
108212
89237
89636
8796
107849
109886
108887
90427
871 09
88257
101481
1075 69
1091 44
92062
87812
87527
108511
109598
105251
87323
88031
91714
108825
109535
1081 07
1101 81
108381
108008
109013
1077 35
109568
109436
10874
108628
92017
0
0
2169
(+-)THC H2O
7002 1667878
7045 1674169
7072 1682597
6968 1671153
6492 1524364
653 150931 8
6531 1512717
6928 1650336
6962 166181 2
7017 1667486
6811 1638167
6468 1504924
6418 1509329
6619 1582154
6872 1668121
69 41 166822 8
6946 1673981
6742 1608394
6428 1507152
6513 1519489
646 1506409
68 26 163788
7051 1677735
70 51 168248 7
6564 152474
6555 152981 7
6528 1521636
6863 1641906
7084 1674928
71 63 169436
6934 1619265
659 1536165
6606 1534091
693 164721 5
71 4 169557
71 42 169485 1
6682 1568387
6588 1547737
6666 1556701
706 1687583
71 54 1693649
7019 1671486
6677 1563188
6617 1549826
66 1539048
667 154731 4
669 1559548
6637 1551258
6596 1544888
6629 155306
6652 1553575
6646 1548743
6627 1549662
6704 1561795
61 86 1512632
23 89 76832 5
21 45 66430 98
29 92 84791 53
(+-IH2O
2046 62
204403
197662
204714
2428 37
2447 81
2487 89
2131 47
2073 26
2061 66
2171 92
24503
246911
231293
2041 68
203981
203756
2289 19
2493 81
2436 69
2451 57
218669
2020 91
200394
24185
244696
24083
2106 27
201 1 09
1939 15
2246 43
2430 37
2422 38
2151 22
1961 97
194591
2367 14
2422 72
2391 01
196875
190908
204586
239085
2389 89
2435 34
24263
240945
23895
241665
2409 16
24258
2402 78
2427 39
2420 65
2564 15
171974
14823
19379
SF6
034
033
033
034
0
0
0
034
034
033
023
0
0
015
033
034
034
016
0
0
0
032
033
033
0
0
0
031
034
033
012
0
0
028
033
034
0
0
005
034
034
027
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(+-1SF6
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
001
001
001
MEOH
616
614
621
591
0
0
0
551
605
655
443
0
0
0
67
624
64
0
0
0
0
527
692
654
0
0
0
485
642
672
0
0
0
432
662
621
0
0
0
544
641
516
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(+-1MEOH
437
441
435
452
379
374
377
419
445
434
425
37
377
395
439
437
443
412
365
384
37
423
445
445
376
374
372
423
435
445
412
379
383
423
446
445
39
38
396
457
44
441
407
387
379
38
393
387
382
389
389
38
377
393
381
195
1 67
223
NMHC
871 02
88366
88526
87838
10679
108784
108262
87963
88286
67532
92307
1081 26
109694
99712
88079
87847
86817
98266
111542
109721
108212
89237
89636
8796
107849
1098 86
108887
90427
871 09
882.57
101481
1075 69
1091 44
92062
87812
87527
108511
109598
105251
87323
88031
91714
108825
109535
1081 07
1101 81
108381
108008
109013
1077 35
109568
1094 36
10874
108628
92017
0
0
2169
(+-1NMHC
7002
7045
7072
6968
6492
653
6531
6928
6962
7017
6811
6468
6418
6619
6872
6941
6946
6742
6428
6513
646
6826
7051
7051
6564
6555
6528
6863
7084
71 63
6934
659
6606
693
71 4
71 42
6682
6588
6666
706
71 54
7019
6677
6617
66
667
669
6637
6596
6629
6652
6646
6627
6704
6186
2389
21 45
2992

-------
          VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACROLEIN
Date Conducted: 30 March 1999              INLET
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS
FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS)=         15.0
Dilution Factor for Unspiked Samples =                    0.80
ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)
          CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)
            SPIKED SAMPLES     UNSPIKED SAMPLES
RUN# A
1 14.90
2 14.40 '
3 14.40
4 14.90
5 14.60
6 14.50
B
14.80
14.60
14.20
14.80
14.70
14.70
c
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
D
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
A-B
0.10
-0.20
0.20
0.10
-0.10
-0.20
(A-B)A2
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.04
C-D (C-D)A2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
 AVERAGE:
Sm=
14.63    Mm=    0.00
STANDARD DEVIATION:
          SPIKED SDs=
                0.11
          UNSPIKED SDu=
                0.00
          RELATIVE STD RSDs=     0.8% (acceptable)
          RELATIVE STD RSDu=  #DIV/0!  #DIV/0!
BIAS:
          Corrected Unspiked Cone =
                     B=         -0.375
                        0.00
           STD OF MEAN SDm=
               0.112
                     t-VALUE=   3.354
           CRITICAL t-VALUE=      2.201
           (n=12, alpha=95%)

           Bias is statistically significant

           CORRECTION FACTOR   1.026 (Acceptable)

-------
H2CO-INLET
VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF FORMALDEHYDE
Date Conducted: 30 March 1999
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS


INLET

FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS)=
Dilution Factor for Unspiked
Samples =




20.9





0.80











ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)
CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)

RUN#
1
2
3
4
5
6
SPIKED SAMPLES
A
34.70
34.40
34.10
34.30
35.10
34.90
UNSPIKED SAMPLES
B C
34.40 15.80
34.30 15.90
34.90 1 15.80
35.00 16.00
35.30 16.00
35.20 16.00
D A-B
15.90i 0.30
16.00 0.10
15.90J -0.80




(A-B)A2l C-D_
0.09 -0.10


(C-D)A2
0.01
0.01 -0.10 | 0.01
0.64 | -0.10 0.01
16.10J -0.70 0.49 -0.10 0.01
15.90[ -0.20 0.04 0.10 , 0.01
16.00 -0.30 0.09 0.00 0.00
i
AVERAGE:
Sm=
34.72 Mm=
j
1
STANDARD
DEVIATION:
15.94





| I
SPIKED SDs= ' 0.34
1
1 UNSPIKED SDu=


RELATIVE STD RSDs=
0.06

1.0%
(acceptable)



i i
1 RELATIVE STD RSDu=
0.4%
(acceptable)
i
BIAS:
1 Corrected Unspiked Cone =






B=

STD OF MEAN SDm=




t-VALUE=

| CRITICAL t-VALUE=
(n=12,alpha=95%)






1.063

0.343

3.102

12.75_





I
2.201


Bias is statistically significant


CORRECTION FACTOR 0.952

|

i




















I
1
1
I











'(Acceptable) ' '

END OF ANALYTE SPIKING SPREADSHEET. PRESS "HOME"-KEY TO RETURN.
   Pagel

-------
          VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETALDEHYDE
Date Conducted: 30 March 1999              INLET
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS
FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS)=          4.5
Dilution Factor for Unspiked Samples =                    0.80
ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)
          CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)
            SPIKED SAMPLES     UNSPIKED SAMPLES
RUN# A
1 3.90
2 3.50
3 3.70
4 3.90
5 3.70
6 4.00
B
3.80
3.60
3.50
3.80
3.70
3.80
c
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
D
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
A-B
0.10
-0.10
0.20
0.10
0.00
0.20
(A-B)A2
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.04
C-D (C-D)A2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
 AVERAGE:
Sm=
3.74    Mm=    0.00
STANDARD DEVIATION:
          SPIKED SDs=
                0.10
          UNSPIKED SDu=
          RELATIVE STD RSDs=
                0.00
                2.6% (acceptable)
          RELATIVE STD RSDu=   #DIV/0!  #DIV/0!
BIAS:
           Corrected Unspiked Cone =
                     B=         -0.758
                        0.00
           STD OF MEAN SDm=
                0.096
                     t-VALUE=   7.921
           CRITICAL t-VALUE=      2.201
           (n=12, alpha=95%)

           Bias is statistically significant

           CORRECTION FACTOR    1.203  (Acceptable)

-------
                        Colorado State University: Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                                                                                                                           Pagel
Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:
Description: FTIR Daily Calibrations - Nicolet Rega 7000
Date: March 30,1999           Time:   1942:34   to
22:0212
              Engine Class: Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
              Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
              Test Points: Pre Catalyst Validation
time
5835
11478
17122
22765
28407
34052
39695
45337
5098
56623
62265
67908
73552
791 92
84835
90478
961 2
1017.63
1074 07
1130.48
118692
1243 35
1299.78
13562
141263
146905
152548
158192
163833
169478
1751 2
1807.63
1864.07
192048
1976.92
203335
2089.78
214622
220263
225907
23155
2371 92
2428.35
2484 78
2541.2
2597.63
2654 05
271048
276692
2823 35
2879 77
29362
299263
304905
3105 48
3161 92
321833
3274 77
3331 2
338763
3444 05
35005
H2CO
15.67
15.81
1S.91
19.6
33.85
31.34
37.35
3524
34.7
34.41
34.78
2781
1S.8
15.87
21.61
34.39
3432
34.32
28.03
15.92
16
20.77
33.42
34.06
34.9
33.01
16.4
15.79
15.93
20.04
34.27
34.99
32.41
16.07
15.94
16.03
29.6
35.07
35.29
29.37
15.98
15.9
21.47
34.87
35.16
29.36
16.02
15.96
20.97
34.56
35.1
31.75
16.19
15.92
15.91
15.87
1593
1594
1597
1583
15.87
15.89
I+-)H2CO
035
0.35
0.35
0.38
0.53
051
057
0.54
0.54
0.53
0.54
0.46
0.35
0.35
0.39
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.46
0.35
0.36
0.39
0.53
0.53
0.54
0.51
0.36
0.35
0.35
0.38
0.53
0.54
0.51
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.48
0.54
0.55
0.48
035
0.35
0.4
0.54
0.54
0.48
0.35
0.35
039
0.53
0.54
0.51
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
035
0.35
0.35
0.35
035
ACROL
0.35
033
0.44
4.93
17.83
21.34
14.18
14.86
14.89
14.83
15.01
10.5
0.78
0.89
4.97
14.35
14.58
14.32
10.19
0.81
0.57
4.66
13.76
14.41
14.18
13.18
1.13
0.21
0.73
4.68
14.86
14.75
12.81
0.6
0.5
0.4
12.27
14.58
14.67
1025
0.91
0.36
5.37
14.5
14.67
11.1
0.37
0.82
5.47
14.86
14.91
12.87
0.45
083
0.17
0.61
0.77
05
061
0.44
047
0.45
(t-)ACROl
1.23
1 21
1.25
1.3
1.86
1.9
1.71
1.73
1.69
1.74
1.73
1.57
1.23
1.18
1.35
1.68
1.73
1.71
1.6
1.25
1.27
1.4
1.71
1.69
1.73
1.67
1.28
1.25
1.24
1.27
1.7
1.71
169
1.23
1.25
1.23
1.62
1.66
1.81
1.53
1.17
1.21
1.41
1.72
1.75
.57
.24
.21
.37
.74
.75
1.69
1.26
1 21
1.17
1.28
1.26
1 25
1.2
123
1.26
121
MECHO
-0.83
-0.73
-0.68
0.94
5.1
6.64
3.64
388
3.85
382
3.68
2.34
-0.81
-0.78
0.83
352
3.6
3.65
2.07
-0.79
-085
0.81
344
3.66
3.51
335
-0.5
-0.77
•0.7
0.39
3.88
3.83
303
-0.71
•0.9
-0.94
3.09
3.7
366
2.44
-0.83
-082
0.76
4.03
3.79
2.66
-084
-0.73
0.66
3.93
3.99
3.29
-0.72
-0.79
-08
-0.63
-0.66
•08
•O.87
-068
-0.73
•O71
I+-JMECHC COLO
1.19
1.21
1.2
1.29
1.76
1.7
186
1.78
1.77
1.76
1.77
1.52
1.21
1.2
1.34
1.76
1.75
1.75
1.54
1.2
1.22
1.33
1.74
1.74
1.78
1.7
1.22
1.19
1.21
1.3
1.76
1.79
1.7
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.59
1.78
1.8
1.6
1.2
1.19
1.37
1.77
1.77
1.58
1.21
1.2
1.33
1.76
1.79
1.68
1.2
1.2
1 2
1.21
1.21
1.21
1.2
1.2
1.19
1.2
7834
7935
7888
7368
6081
5867
6415
64 18
6359
6298
6362
6899
786
7985
741
6475
6463
6454
6917
7962
7969
7325
6399
6378
6382
6544
7865
7913
7894
7456
6363
6371
658
7895
7876
6026
6645
6471
643
6783
7851
797
7375
6432
6403
693
793
7992
7492
6384
6319
6658
7922
7899
7969
7955
7876
7919
7942
7981
7849
7912
(+-JCOLO
04
042
041
037
028
027
03
03
029
029
03
035
04
042
038
03
029
031
033
042
043
034
031
03
029
031
041
041
041
038
03
029
031
041
04
042
03
029
03
032
041
04
037
03
031
033
042
043
036
03
029
031
04
039
042
041
041
041
04
043
04
041
CO2
34981 95
34939 74
3510564
33069 85
27079 87
2615293
28828 72
28456 12
28389 28
28462 56
28455 76
30548 39
34961 12
34962 05
32737 4
2874817
2865914
28592 88
3060259
34901 92
3501788
33045 71
2873S 94
28541 24
28542 44
2905596
34683 26
35043 82
3498295
33074 57
28625 97
2841788
29222 95
3495313
35039 03
34943 37
29727 87
28471 76
28298 01
30430 24
350519
34907 65
32722 43
28558 05
28264 66
3020842
35017 59
34882 01
3276615
28539 39
28471 51
2929034
34819 19
35043 49
34936 94
3509678
35055 92
3513438
34945 82
35131 55
35032 84
34861 55
(+-)CO2
444 16
43894
44082
45476
51756
49761
52861
50883
51438
51862
52992
50785
44674
44361
47001
51806
51774
53341
50018
44765
45446
47137
5136
51694
52657
51629
4499
44315
44736
46869
52225
52761
521 99
44356
44894
45336
5051
52604
531 13
507,04
44571
44484
47334
51987
53202
50547
45079
4454
47074
52062
531 85
50528
45205
44042
44375
44381
4505
43555
44743
44473
43841
45049
NO
151 73
14632
14858
14739
11059
10869
12895
11833
12294
12695
121 31
12679
15809
15386
1362
13084
12067
11627
13642
14803
14227
1481
11554
11594
1236
11785
141 85
15931
14323
13763
12887
12127
11784
15296
15101
1421
13368
12472
11394
13254
15756
14297
13531
12362
11235
1264
15669
14625
1348
12328
121 03
11727
14208
15289
14493
15221
15584
15219
13944
15554
1496
13847
(t-)NO
849
83
84
849
823
783
875
834
843
863
847
817
871
865
821
875
839
835
861
836
82
86
815
82
862
823
815
878
824
817
861
852
834
853
85
821
853
856
833
849
875
817
821
858
83
835
868
828
811
856
849
813
819
856
831
855
869
858
809
869
845
806
NO2
2968
2945
2941
272
1935
1994
2049
2063
2087
2066
2051
2351
2949
2955
2639
2104
2093
2057
2375
2947
2953
269
21 17
21 02
2044
21 45
2938
2991
2955
2729
21 25
2064
21 48
2973
2967
297
2306
21 12
2058
2341
2988
2991
26,81
2092
2032
232
2976
2998
2702
2093
2098
2235
2954
2979
299
302
3004
3009
3016
3022
30
3002
(+-)N02
59
592
592
593
724
656
721
706
696
709
711
635
592
595
603
703
703
724
652
594
596
607
693
7
729
691
593
593
596
598
691
726
712
593
595
594
656
704
736
661
597
596
607
71
735
662
596
592
601
717
721
675
596
595
595
594
597
596
598
596
599
598
NOX
181 4
17577
17799
17459
12995
12863
14944
13896
1438
1476
141 82
1503
18758
18342
16259
151 88
141 6
13683
16018
17749
171 8
175
13871
13697
14404
1393
171 24
18921
17278
16493
15013
141 91
13931
18269
18069
171 8
15673
14584
13452
15595
18744
17288
16212
14454
13267
14959
18645
17623
161 82
14421
14201
13962
171 61
18268
17483
18241
18588
18228
1696
18576
17959
16849
(•HNOX
1439
1422
1433
1442
1547
1439
1596
1541
1538
1572
1558
1453
1483
146
1425
1579
1541
1559
1513
1429
14 16
1467
1509
152
1591
1514
1408
1471
142
1415
1553
1578
1545
1447
1445
14 14
1509
1559
1569
151
1471
1413
1428
15.68
15.65
1497
1464
14.21
14.12
15.73
157
1487
14 14
1451
1425
1449
1466
1454
1407
1464
1444
1403
CH4
81394
810
80783
76425
631 69
60638
65887
65465
65554
66325
65965
702
80133
80024
751 99
66551
66452
65725
69674
79353
8046
76018
66375
66235
65556
6735
79707
82649
79941
75818
6595
661 9
67738
79338
81049
801 65
68636
65534
65824
70345
79775
79984
75706
661 32
65246
69699
80567
80874
75219
65629
658.72
67869
79707
8056
79769
80588
80204
79224
801 88
79571
79759
79928
(+-1CH4
731
731
732
737
77
735
794
782
779
782
783
756
73
732
741
781
781
779
759
73
731
74
776
778
781
776
73
732
73
737
777
783
775
728
731
729
761
779
784
764
729
729
74
781
78
762
729
728
737
779
781
769
729
729
727
726
729
726
728
727
728
728
C2H4
879
89
899
835
703
693
738
735
728
731
736
791
886
904
854
741
747
747
804
901
906
843
737
7.34
742
753
681
894
907
857
73
731
758
89
899
919
768
732
745
784
902
894
853
736
74
79
906
911
852
738
734
765
9
902
9
901
914
917
91
899
908
905
(+-JC2H4
025
025
025
026
038
039
035
035
034
035
035
032
025
024
027
034
035
035
033
025
026
028
035
034
035
034
026
025
025
026
035
035
034
025
025
025
033
034
037
031
024
025
029
035
036
0.32
025
024
028
035
036
034
026
025
024
026
026
025
024
025
026
0.25
C2H6
6298
628
6265
5959
4965
4767
5162
51 13
5126
5191
5169
5463
6194
6194
5854
5222
5216
51 61
5438
61 36
6222
5929
5201
51 91
5134
5259
61.48
639
6164
5888
51.57
51 91
5316
61 47
6287
6211
5396
51 54
51 79
55 06
61 82
61 96
5903
5201
5137
546
6256
6276
5889
51.77
5193
5344
6203
6283
6227
6301
6263
61.9
8251
6194
6208
62.1

-------
                        Colorado State University:  Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                                                         Page 2
Test Program: EPA RICE Testing:
Description: FTIR Daily Calibrations - Nicolet Rega 7000
Date: March 30,1999           Time:   19:4234   to
Engine Class:  Natural Gas Fueled, Spark Ignited, Two-Stroke, Lean Burn Engine
Engine Type: Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF
Test Points: Pre Catalyst Validation
time (+-C2H6
58.35
11478
171 22
22765
28407
34052
39695
45337
5098
56623
62265
67908
73552
79192
84835
90478
961 2
101763
107407
113048
118682
124335
129978
13562
141263
146905
1525 48
1581 92
163833
169476
1751.2
180763
186407
192048
197692
203335
208978
214622
220263
2259 07
23155
2371 92
2428 35
248478
2541 2
259763
265405
2710 48
276692
2823.35
2879 77
29362
299263
304905
3105 48
3161 92
321833
3274 77
3331 2
338763
3444 05
35005
496
496
498
508
555
535
567
559
557
557
559
532
497
499
5 13
557
557
557
535
498
497
511
553
555
558
551
498
494
498
509
555
558
55
497
497
497
538
557
56
537
497
497
5 11
558
559
537
496
494
51
557
558
545
497
496
495
494
496
496
496
496
496
495
C3H8 (+-1C3H8
1874
1884
1875
179
1517
14 16
1625
1588
159
1598
159
1658
1845
1847
1765
1615
1608
1592
1656
1839
1847
1774
16
1593
1588
1612
1829
1685
1834
1771
1589
159
1615
1832
1851
184
1635
1587
1586
167
1839
1842
1769
1602
1581
1658
1864
1865
1765
1592
1596
163
1842
1856
1846
1866
185
1839
1842
1841
1828
1829
44
44
441
4.5
493
475
503
496
494
495
496
472
441
443
455
494
494
494
474
442
441
453
491
492
495
489
442
439
442
451
492
495
488
441
441
441
478
494
497
477
441
4.41
454
495
496
477
44
439
452
494
4.95
484
441
44
439
438
44
44
44
44
44
439
THC (+-ITHC
100502
100037
99877
94774
79056
75638
82723
81879
82108
82927
82461
87298
99014
98948
93286
83305
831 81
82325
86963
98326
99446
94252
83056
82805
81974
84281
9835
1020 98
98774
93975
82444
82732
84604
98006
100062
98972
85486
82075
82478
87654
98549
98849
93833
82728
81814
8688
99789
99968
93335
821 16
82536
84847
98591
99566
9865
100043
99269
98216
99221
98461
9868
98642
3849
3381
3872
3466
3808
3676
3878
3834
3811
3828
3833
3657
3389
3878
3501
3813
3819
3812
3665
3872
3872
3504
3794
3802
3834
3772
3384
3848
3387
3474
3793
3842
3787
3401
34
3399
388
3804
3862
3701
3396
3887
349
3821
3828
3685
38.67
382
34.99
3837
3838
3759
3407
3868
3366
3841
3404
3882
387
3867
3882
3386
H2O
952545
95859 85
97673 82
103725 8
1287677
1207395
128160
1261801
1250783
126772.2
127281
115989
96248 65
97823 52
1067986
1253532
1253357
1277663
1173139
9636402
97062 82
1065843
124252 1
1244899
1283083
1242584
9630672
95916 24
97040 13
103064 2
1240274
1278493
1262061
95828 07
9692108
96666.19
1185089
1255751
128837
1183724
962349
95191 76
1062075
126271 8
128998
1194115
97265.23
9538945
1050558
127077.6
1270722
1211856
970902
9682843
96069.77
95429
97591 07
9670276
95366 31
95931 7
97211 45
9610881
(+-)H20
131716
130299
1311 18
137409
165211
1578 73
1674 58
16104
16262
164251
16794
157428
1326 79
132045
142783
163608
18356
169055
1551 63
132999
1351 01
142992
161989
183214
1670 28
1626 38
133762
131513
133003
141486
164741
167346
184717
131622
133425
134735
157567
166352
1687.41
157724
13233
13194
143687
1644 85
169079
157574
13405
1321 56
142654
164896
168496
158422
134485
130872
131769
131591
134006
129359
132724
131944
13035
133815
SFS (+-)SF6 CH3OH (»-)CH3OH (<-)SF6 MEOH (HMEOH
0
-001
•001
009
036
043
028
03
03
03
03
02
0
0
01
029
029
029
019
0
0
009
028
029
029
026
001
0
0
008
03
03
025
0
-001
-0.01
024
03
03
021
0
0
01
03
03
022
0
0
01
03
03
025
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
051
05
044
211
817
65
949
825
806
816
825
549
033
054
268
782
806
813
557
043
049
24
755
792
825
738
073
045
053
218
758
813
725
064
034
042
58
811
817
575
045
049
257
793
821
581
053
05
235
778
8
682
066
046
053
051
041
042
052
035
044
039
032
033
034
035
044
042
044
043
042
044
043
039
033
034
035
043
043
043
039
031
033
034
041
043
044
042
034
033
033
036
043
043
042
032
033
034
039
044
043
04
034
031
035
042
044
041
033
033
035
042
043
042
033
033
032
033
034
033
033
034
033
032
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
003
001
001
001




616
614
621
591
0
0
0
551
605
655
443
0
0
0
67
624
64
0
0
0
0
527
692
654
0
0
0
485
642
672
0
0
0
432
662
621
0
0
0
544
641
516
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0




437
441
435
452
379
374
377
419
445
434
425
37
377
395
439
437
443
4 12
365
384
37
423
445
445
376
374
372
423
435
445
412
379
383
423
446
445
39
38
396
457
44
441
407
387
379
38
393
387
382
389
389
38
377
393
381
1 95
1 67
223




NMHC (+-)NMHC
871 02
88366
88526
87838
10679
1087 84
108262
87963
88286
87532
92307
1081 26
109694
99712
88079
87847
86817
98266
111542
109721
108212
89237
89636
8796
1078 49
109886
1088 87
90427
87109
88257
101481
107569
1091 44
92062
87812
87527
108511
109598
105251
87323
88031
91714
108825
109535
1081 07
110181
1083 81
108008
109013
1077 35
109568
109436
10874
108628
92017
0
0
2169




7002
7045
7072
6968
6492
653
6531
6928
6962
7017
68 11
6468
64 18
6619
6872
6941
6946
6742
6428
6513
646
6826
7051
7051
6564
6555
6528
6863
7084
71 63
6934
659
6606
693
71 4
7142
8682
6588
6666
706
71 54
7019
6677
6617
66
687
669
6637
6596
6829
6652
6646
6827
6704
61 86
2389
21 45
2992





-------
   Colorado State Universitv: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratorv
  Test Description: Baseline - 440BHP
Data Point Number: 033099-Baseline

  Description
300RPM 0.4BTDC 7.75/2.75 PCC CAT597/590
                    Date:  03/30/99       Time:   12.56:17
                            Duration (minutes):    5.00
      Average     Min       Max      STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ibw/lb*)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
74.65
12.03
3.00
7.76
29.29
0.01508
110.10
1716.01
1708.54
5.00
588.90
643.23
764.15
635.73
73248
299.00
29942
520.20
441.23
8252.88
961 70
3786.07
0.62
88.31
51.42
59.01
48.00
139.16
41.50
387
3.23
3.14
50.89
54.66
0.43
0.14
13.60
13.50
64.06
19.92
4.31
4.16
822.20
821.92
998.10
1025.97
1189.25
1230.14
922.18
917.38
63.27
63.78
73,00
12.03
3.00
7.72
28.00

108.10
1688.00
1691.00
4.85
587.00
640.00
761.00
633.00
730.00
299.00
297.00
518.00
434.90
8127.00
961 .70
3738.00
0.62
8815
50.13
58.94
48.00
138.00
41.10
3.22
3.23
3.14
49.30
52.40
043
0.14
13.60
13.50
63.30
19.80
4.31
4.16
816.40
792.00
998.10
985.50
1157.70
1175.20
911.70
855.20
62.90
62.30
77.00
12.03
3.00
7.79
30.00

111.80
1738.00
1725.00
511
58900
646.00
767.00
639.00
736.00
299.00
302.00
527.00
447.30
8372.00
961 .70
3837.00
0.62
88.50
53.15
59.10
48.00
141.00
41.79
3.88
3.23
3.14
52.70
58.30
0.43
0.14
13.60
13.50
64.70
20.30
4.31
4.16
830.30
860.00
998.10
1077.20
1232.00
1320.70
944.10
933.70
65.40
65.10
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.96

0.65
9.01
6.41
0.04
0.44
1.10
1.34
1.15
1.19
000
1.45
2.41
2.54
4647
0.00
19.46
0.00
0.08
056
0.03
0.00
0.87
0.25
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.72
1.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.43
0.21
0.00
000
3.06
16.02
0.00
20.88
14.57
26.04
14.86
30.82
0.89
1.40
1.20
0.00
0.00
0..6
3.28

0.59
0.53
0.38
079
0.07
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.16
0.00
0.48
0.46
0.57
0.56
0.00
0.51
0.00
0.09
1 08
0.05
0.00
063
0.61
1.03
0.00
000
1.42
2.04
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.66
1.07
0.00
0.00
0.37
1.95
0.00
2.04
1.22
2.12
1.61
3.36
1.40
2.19

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Baseline - 440BHP
Data Point Number: 033099-Baseline

  Description
300RPM 0.4BTDC 7.75/2.75 PCC CAT597/590
                    Date:  03/30/99       Time:   12:56:17
                            Duration (minutes):    5.00
      Average     Min       Max      STDV    Variance
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F;
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEPSTDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
16.60
7723.54
9119.87
134.00
140.61
121.03
133.87
157.01
164.95
142.00
155.00
27.59
0.45
0.14
11.63
11 83
5.21
5.18
502.12
487.26
500.84
494.15
21 66
18.93
2474
2349
18.18
18.60
18.31
1883
1.41
1.28
1.40
1.54
300.99
274.02
308.84
286.41
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.32
0.72
1.83
0.99
41.69
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.52
7669.00
9080.00
134.00
140.00
121.00
133.00
153.00
162.00
142.00
155.00
25.00
0.45
0.14
11.63
11.77
5.21
5.11
498.60
482.50
497.60
489.00
16.26
12.73
1837
17.98
17.98
18.29
18.10
18.56
1.11
0.92
1.21
1.16
300.30
273.50
306.80
285.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.09
0.68
1.38
0.75
41.30
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
16.69
7789.00
9240.00
134.00
143.00
123.00
135.00
160.00
168.00
142.00
155.00
30.00
0.45
0.14
11.63
12.35
5.21
5.69
504.40
490.70
503.80
498.30
26.48
22.53
27.92
29.60
18.65
18.75
18.55
19.27
1.69
1.48
1.62
2.01
301.20
274.10
312.90
286.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.54
0.86
2.18
1.24
42.10
25.00
120.00
25.00
120.00
2500
120.00
25.00
120.00
0.03
23.78
42.18
0.00
0.73
0.23
0.99
1.30
1.54
0.00
0.00
1.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.18
1.94
2.41
1.74
2.51
2.91
3.15
2.70
3.95
0.18
0.13
0.14
025
0.19
018
0.12
0.28
0.25
0.19
1.96
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.05
0.22
0.14
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.21
0.31
0.46
0.00
0.52
019
0.74
0.83
0.93
0.00
0.00
5.05
0.00
0.00
000
1.04
0.00
3.49
0.39
0.49
0.35
051
13.42 '
16.67
1093
16.82
0.98
0.70
0.77
1.32
13.18
14.27
890
18.06
0.08
0.07
063
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.73
6.94
12.14
14.37
0.36
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
 Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run1 - 440BHP 300RPM 1.8BTDC 12.0/2.75 PCC CAT570/564
Data Point Number: 033099-Run1
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Cataiyst
THC F-Factor Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEPSTDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEPSTDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEPSTDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEPSTDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
Average
16.60
7726.81
8938.63
141.47
146.76
117.98
129.78
156.15
164.13
141.43
154.00
2823
0.45
0.14
2.51
2.67
4.99
460
512.45
512.91
517.07
512.21
25.24
21.74
27.63
23.18
18.20
17.94
1847
17.85
1.51
1.29
1.47
1.37
341 .49
311 05
355.62
323.81
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.14
0.70
1.84
0.92
40.42
25.20
120.00
25.40
120.00
24.77
120.00
24.60
120.00
Date:
Min
16.52
7669.00
8880.00
141.00
145.00
116.00
129.00
155.00
163.00
141.00
154.00
26.00
045
0.14
251
2.67
4.99
4.60
50660
508.80
50920
509.00
21.76
18.29
22.99
17.28
17.75
17.59
18.06
17.42
1 15
1.06
1.35
1.04
340.90
310.40
353.30
323.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.98
0.61
1.48
0.78
4020
25.20
120.00
25.40
120.00
24.70
120.00
24.50
120.00
03/30/99
Duration
Max
16.69
7787.00
9090.00
143.00
147.00
119.00
131.00
157.00
166.00
143.00
154.00
31.00
0.45
0.14
2.51
267
4.99
4.60
517.60
518.30
524.00
517.60
28.12
26.54
35.79
29.10
18.58
18.16
18.90
18.09
2.76
1 59
1.64
1.56
341 .80
311.20
359.60
324.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.33
0.87
2.19
1.06
40.60
25.30
120.00
25.40
120.00
24.80
120.00
24.60
120.00
Time:
(minutes):
STDV
0.04
27.59
57.31
0.85
0.65
0.50
0.98
0.99
0.39
0.83
0.00
1.34
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.19
353
4.37
2.55
2.23
2.74
4.00
3.42
0.21
0.18
0.22
0 19
0.43
0.16
0.10
0.16
0.32
0.26
1.88
0.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.08
0.21
0.08
0.09
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
000
0.02
0.00
18:32:28
500
Variance
0.24
0.36
0.64
0.60
0.44
0.43
0.75
0.63
0.24
0.58
000
474
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.62
069
0.84
050
885
12.58
14.46
14.75
1.13
0.98
1.19
1 08
28.26
12.05
7.04
11.44
0.09
0.08
0.53
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1034
11.27
11.46
8.95
0.23
0.08
0.00
0.00
000
0.19
0.00
008
000

-------
   Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
  Test Description: Run1 -440BHP 300RPM 1.8BTDC 12.
Data Point Number: 033099-Run1
  Description
Average
0/2.75 PCC CAT570/564
     Date:  03/30/99      Time:   18.32:28
             Duration (minutes):    5.00
    Win       Max      STDV    Variance
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Iby/lb^
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE fH2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm)' Post-Catalyst
69.05
12.03
3.12
12.01
32.27
0.01515
111.20
1863.00
1783.40
9.26
562.78
610.57
740.51
611.86
692.59
299.00
299.60
510.21
441.21
7936.74
961.70
3640.87
0.62
90.11
47.64
59.08
45.95
14049
45.14
4.06
0.56
0.16
2.56
2.26
4.32
4.70
14.90
14.30
79.84
21.49
3.94
3.71
186.93
178.93
194.27
200.48
966.33
981.54
788.20
499.44
47.71
38.58
67.00
12.03
3.00
11.98
30.00

109.50
1836.00
1763.00
915
561.00
607.00
736.00
609.00
687.00
299.00
297.00
507.00
435.30
781400
961.70
3594.00
0.62
89.94
4620
59.00
44.00
139.00
44.40
4.06
0.56
016
2.56
2.26
4.32
4.70
14.90
14.30
78.80
21.10
3.94
3.71
173.10
160.50
179.90
178.10
943.40
949.70
788.20
466.30
47.00
35.10
71.00
12.03
5.00
12.05
34.00

113.00
1897.00
1801.00
9.34
564.00
613,00
744.00
615.00
695.00
299.00
302.00
518.00
447.60
8050.00
961.70
3691.00
0.62
90.27
48.93
59.15
46.00
141.00
45.79
4.06
0.56
0.16
2.56
2.26
4.32
4.70
14.90
14.30
81.20
21.70
3.94
3.71
198.00
194.70
205.50
218.90
983.60
1012.20
788.20
507.30
53.10
40.90
0.63
0.00
0.48
0.01
1.19

0.62
9.85
6.88
0.04
0.64
1.32
1.75
1.25
1.77
000
1.59
3.16
2.61
52.43
0.00
18.25
0.00
0.08
0.50
0.03
032
0.87
0.26
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.78
0.24
0.00
0.00
6.82
8.40
7.32
9.89
9.67
1581
0.00
15.40
1.96
2.85
0.91
0.00
15.25
0.12
370

0.55
0.53
0.39
0.39
0.11
0.22
0.24
0.20
0.26
000
0.53
0.62
0.59
0.66
0.00
0.50
0.00
0.08
1.05
0.06
0.70
0.62
0.57
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.98
1.12
0.00
0.00
3.65
4.69
3.77
493
1 00
1.61
0.00
3.08
4.11
7.38

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run1-1 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033099-Run1-1
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lb/0
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
1.8BTDC
Average
66.73
12.03
5.00
12.01
32.94
0.01513
110.44
1861.81
1778.24
9.26
559.10
611.10
742.14
611.92
694.35
29900
29941
511.97
441.02
7920.86
961.70
3632.90
0.62
87.75
4713
59.21
46.00
136.21
49.03
4.07
0.59
0.16
2.13
2.25
4.44
493
13.43
12.88
77.75
19.25
3.39
3.24
148.69
140.14
180.07
178.82
914.85
899.77
648.88
725.17
54.41
59.21
12.0/2.75 PCC
Date:
Min
65.00
12.03
5.00
11.94
32.00

108.40
1836.00
1762.00
910
558.00
608.00
738.00
609.00
693.00
299.00
297.00
506.00
434.70
7800.00
961 .70
3599 00
0.62
87.68
46.20
59.12
46.00
134.00
45.70
3.56
0.59
0.16
2.13
2.25
4.44
4.93
12.10
11.50
69.30
17.50
3.39
3.24
106.10
92.90
154.80
146.50
816.80
795.50
615.40
709.90
50.70
58.10
CAT567/558
03/30/99
Duration
Max
69.00
12.03
5.00
12.08
34.00

112.50
1888.00
1795.00
9.37
560.00
614.00
744.00
614.00
69700
299.00
302.00
521.00
447.60
8044.00
961.70
3680.00
0.62
87.81
4825
59.30
46.00
137.00
53.90
4.08
0.59
0.16
2.13
2.25
4.44
4.93
1440
13.90
83.80
20.90
3.39
3.24
183.30
185.90
197.70
210.10
1001.90
1018.10
651.40
752.10
59.40
59.60
Time:
(minutes):
STDV
0.81
0.00
0.00
0.02
1.00

0.79
8.95
6.19
0.05
1.00
1.11
1.43
0.94
1.30
0.00
1.43
4.22
2.58
47.30
0.00
15.40
0.00
0.03
0.39
0.03
0.00
0.76
3.69
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
1.08
1.13
5.73
1.67
0.00
0.00
29.61
34.39
11.81
17.81
69.64
77.44
8.73
19.82
4.31
0.66
19:34:45
5.00
Variance
1.22
0.00
0.00
0.18
3.04

0.71
0.48
0.35
0.49
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.15
0 19
0.00
048
0.83
0.59
0.60
0.00
0.42
000
0.03
0.84
0.05
0.00
0.56
7.53
0.73
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.05
8.77
7.37
8.69
0.00
0.00
19.91
2454
6.56
9.96
7.61
8.61
1.35
2.73
7.92
1.11

-------
Colorado State University: Enqines and Enerav Conversion
Test Description: Run1-1 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033099-Run1-1
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor. Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor. Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
1.8BTDC
Average
16.59
7721.91
8973.50
140.86
144.69
116.00
12797
156.85
165.43
141.48
152.62
2875
0.45
0 14
211
207
3.84
3.76
511.54
512.00
51244
510.99
26.99
21.46
28.63
22.92
1826
18.02
18.68
1797
1.38
1.34
1.52
1.33
341.27
311.10
346.45
323.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.68
1.82
0.92
4044
25.20
120.00
25.40
120.00
24.70
120.00
24.60
120.00
12.0/2.75 PCC
Date:
Win
16.50
7658.00
8870.00
139.00
143.00
116.00
126.00
155.00
164.00
139.00
152.00
26.00
0.45
0.14
1.87
1.48
2.87
3.10
504.80
50640
505.70
505.50
21.36
17.98
23.20
18.93
17.90
17.82
1837
17.49
1.17
1.20
1.27
1.04
340.60
310.60
346.10
323.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.70
0.58
1.62
0.74
40.30
25.20
120.00
25.40
120.00
24.70
120.00
24.60
120.00
CAT567/558
03/30/99
Duration
Max
16.68
7781.00
9130.00
141.00
145.00
116.00
128.00
157.00
166.00
14400
154.00
31.00
0.45
0.14
2.37
2.55
4.54
4.34
517.00
514.50
517.80
517.10
30.75
25.36
35.98
30.43
18.64
18.32
18.94
18.52
1.67
1.61
1.74
1.65
341 60
311.30
346.70
324.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.19
0.77
2.04
1.20
40.50
25.20
120.00
25.40
120.00
24.70
120.00
24.60
120.00
Laboratorv
Time:
(minutes):
STDV
0.04
25.63
72.63
0.51
0.72
0.00
0.23
0.53
0.91
0.65
0.93
1.19
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.49
0.79
0.61
3.20
221
4.29
3.73
2.88
2.13
3.15
2.98
0.23
0.18
0.21
0.26
0.12
0.07
0.15
0.17
0.31
0.24
0.22
0.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.14
0.06
0.13
0.12
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
19:34:45
5.00
Variance
0.22
0.33
0.81
0.36
0.50
0.00
018
0.34
0.55
0.46
061
415
0.00
0.00
11.87
23.80
20.58
16.25
063
043
0.84
073
10.66
9.92
11.01
12.99
1.24
1.00
1.14
1.47
8.94
5.59
9.52
12.76
0.09
0.08
0.06
008
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
13.81
8.79
7.09
13.35
0.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratorv
Test Description: Run1-2 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033099-Run1-2
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE ("Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (lbw/lb/0
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (bhp)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr). Pre-Catalyst
B S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr)- Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%)• Pre-Catalyst
O2 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm)- Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
1.8BTDC
Average
66.24
12.03
5.00
12.01
32.27
0.01457
109.88
1862.32
1777.17
9.26
561.17
611.27
741 .69
610.61
692.93
299.00
299.56
511.92
441.16
7916.86
961.70
3631.18
0.62
87.30
47.04
59.20
45.82
136.27
48.73
3.98
0.59
0.16
2.11
2.29
4.46
4.78
13.69
13.26
76.30
2030
3.61
3.50
145.21
144.36
173.23
180.52
919.84
925.28
753.26
634.89
48.54
55.13
12.0/2.75 PCC
Date:
Win
65.00
12.03
5.00
11.97
30.00

108.10
1836.00
1760.00
9.14
559.00
610.00
740.00
608.00
691.00
299.00
297.00
509.00
435.30
778400
961.70
3587.00
062
87.10
45.84
59.13
44.00
135.00
45.70
3.98
0.59
0.16
2.09
2.25
444
4.60
12.50
11.90
68.70
17.60
3.39
3.20
106.00
89.30
151.60
139.70
821.70
806.20
752.20
588.10
47.00
48.10
CAT568/561
03/30/99
Duration
Max
69.00
12.03
5.00
12.06
34.00

111.80
1888.00
1796.00
9.34
563.00
614.00
744.00
613.00
697.00
299.00
302.00
521.00
447.10
8030.00
961.70
3671 .00
0.62
87.47
48.37
59.27
46.00
138.00
53.90
3.98
0.59
0.16
2.13
2.35
4.48
4.93
14.50
14.20
83.40
21.70
3.88
3.70
180.20
186.90
193.60
210.10
992.10
1022.00
753.40
690.00
51.90
56.80
Time:
(minutes):
STDV
0.65
0.00
0.00
0.02
1.15

0.61
9.54
5.79
0.04
0.58
1.07
1 03
1.38
1.40
0.00
1.49
3.15
2.63
52.02
0.00
16.40
0.00
0.09
0.44
0.03
057
0.59
3.71
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.16
0.95
1.08
6.55
1.74
0.24
0.25
30.27
34.91
14.62
19.04
68.31
69.81
0.39
5087
2.28
3.32
19:50:19
5.00
Variance
0.98
0.00
0.00
0.15
3.56

0.55
0.51
0.33
0.43
0.10
0.17
0.14
0.23
0.20
0.00
0.50
0.61
0.60
0.66
0.00
045
0.00
0.10
0.94
0.05
1.25
044
7.62
000
0.00
0.00
0.94
2.17
0.45
3.44
6.94
8.15
8.58
8.58
6.76
7.02
20.85
24.18
8.44
10.55
7.43
7.55
0.05
8.01
4.69
6.02

-------
Colorado State University: Ermines and Enerav Conversion
Test Description: Run1-2 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033099-Run1-2
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-lbf)
INDICATED TORQUE (n-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEPSTDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
1.8BTDC
Average
16.60
7726.58
8970.87
139.82
144.11
115.73
127.00
156.27
164.11
140.92
153.77
28.37
0.45
0.14
2.07
1.93
4.15
3.78
512.85
510.99
512.40
511.02
24.95
21.18
28.36
21.82
18.21
18.02
18.62
17.91
1.46
1.37
1.50
1.20
341.38
311.41
346.59
324.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.10
0.69
1.81
0.92
40.43
25.27
120.00
25.40
120.00
24.70
120.00
24.60
120.00
12.0/2.75 PCC
Date:
Min
16.50
7660.00
8920.00
139.00
143.00
114.00
127.00
155.00
164.00
14000
152.00
26.00
0.45
0.14
1.92
1.48
3.34
2.73
504.00
504.20
507.20
504.90
19.06
17.89
21.34
15.94
17.86
17.74
18.25
17.63
1.17
1.10
1.26
0.93
340.60
310.80
345.90
323.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.89
0.52
1.39
0.74
40.30
25.20
120.00
25.40
12000
24.70
120.00
24.60
120.00
CAT568/561
03/30/99
Duration
Max
16.68
7782.00
9120.00
141.00
145.00
116.00
127.00
158.00
166.00
143.00
15400
31.00
0.45
0.14
2.24
2.30
4.77
4.46
517.30
51610
51950
518.00
31.98
2630
3337
30.39
18.54
18.25
19.04
18.16
1.62
1.58
1.78
1.58
341.70
311.60
346.70
324.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.26
0.86
2.11
1.06
40.70
25.30
120.00
25.40
120.00
24.70
120.00
24.60
120.00
Laboratory
Time:
(minutes):
STDV
0.04
24.11
53.80
0.99
1.00
0.68
0.00
0.70
0.46
089
0.64
1.26
0.00
0.00
0.16
038
067
0.80
4.25
3.26
3.58
3.53
3.65
2.29
3.17
4.03
0.19
013
0.25
0.13
0.16
015
0.15
0.20
0.33
0.24
0.23
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.09
0.20
0.09
0.10
0.04
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
19:50:19
5.00
Variance
0.21
0.31
0.60
0.70
0.69
0.59
0.00
0.45
0.28
063
0.42
446
000
0.00
7.74
1963
16.14
21.23
0.83
064
0.70
0.69
14.62
10.83
11.18
18.49
1 06
0.72
1.35
0.73
11.20
10.88
10.20
16.47
0.10
0.08
0.07
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.78
12.95
10.88
9.92
025
0.18
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Colorado State University: Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory
Test Description: Run1-3 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033099-Run1-3
Description
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE (F)
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (psia)
AMBIENT HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD PRESSURE f Hg)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY (%)
AIR MANIFOLD HUMIDITY RATIO (Ibw/lb*)
AIR MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
INTAKE AIR FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST FLOW (scfm)
EXHAUST PRESSURE ("Hg)
STACK TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 1 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 3 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
CYLINDER 4 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (F)
AVERAGE SPEED (rpm)
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED (rpm)
INDICATED HORSEPOWER
HORSEPOWER (blip)
FUEL CONSUMPTION (BSFC)
FUEL HEATING VALUE (Btu)
FUEL FLOW (scfh)
FUEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY
FUEL TEMPERATURE (F)
FUEL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
FUEL STATIC PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL PRESSURE (psig)
FUEL MANIFOLD TEMPERATURE (F)
AIR/FUEL RATIO
CATALYST DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ("H2O)
B.S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B S. CO (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. NOx (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Pre-Catalyst
B.S. THC (g/bhp-hr): Post-Catalyst
O2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
02 (%): Post-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
CO (ppm): Post-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Pre-Catalyst
CO2 (%): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected)' Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm - Corrected): Post-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
NOx (ppm): Post-Catalyst
THC (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
THC (ppm). Post-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Pre-Catalyst
Non-Methane (ppm): Post-Catalyst
1.8BTDC
Average
63.43
12.03
5.00
13.26
33.77
0.01502
110.50
2009.41
1918.64
10.22
552.31
591.10
713.73
596.76
66228
29900
299.50
522.79
441.50
7926.73
961 70
3638.54
062
85.19
47.01
59.27
46.00
133.20
48.63
4.48
0.71
0.14
1.00
1.12
4.76
5.05
1500
14.70
87.22
24.95
3.57
3.41
78.30
81.57
77.21
85.13
993.25
974.99
816.05
740.79
52.53
53.43
1 3.24/3.04 PCC
Date:
Min
61.00
12.03
5.00
13.20
32.00

107.90
1974.00
1900.00
1010
550.00
586.00
709.00
593.00
657.00
299.00
297.00
515.00
435.00
7772.00
961.70
3586.00
062
84.99
45.71
59.17
4600
131.00
47.79
4.05
0.71
0.14
1.00
1.12
4.76
5.05
15.00
14.70
85.10
23.70
3.57
3.41
71.60
71.70
70.70
74.70
958.10
925.30
788.20
709.90
43.30
50.90
CAT556/550
03/30/99 Time:
Duration (minutes):
Max STDV
66.00
12.03
5.00
13.32
36.00

112.50
2044.00
1933.00
10.33
554.00
595.00
718.00
601.00
66500
299.00
302.00
525.00
447.90
8072.00
961.70
3680.00
0.62
85.32
48.13
59.36
46.00
135.00
49.40
4.83
0.71
0.14
1.00
1.12
4.76
5.05
15.00
14.70
88.60
25.90
3.57
3.41
85.70
91.40
84.60
95.60
102260
1022.90
856.60
772.00
59.40
5660
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
1.09

0.80
10.46
5.30
0.04
1.12
1.47
1.37
1.39
1.54
0.00
1.54
1.95
2.56
50.92
0.00
15.08
0.00
0.06
0.41
0.03
000
0.71
0.15
0.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.75
0.45
0.00
0.00
2.86
3.62
2.84
3.89
11.01
15.45
21.92
17.62
5.34
1.83
22:35:00
33.00
Variance
1.57
0.00
0.00
0.15
3.23

0.73
0.52
0.28
0.40
0.20
0.25
0.19
0.23
023
0.00
051
0.37
0.58
0.64
0.00
0.41
0.00
0.07
0.87
0.06
0.00
0.53
0.30
495
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
086
1.80
0.00
0.00
3.66
4.44
3.68
457
1.11
1.58
2.69
2.38
10.16
3.43

-------
Test Description: Run1-3 - 440BHP 300RPM
Data Point Number: 033099-Run1-3
Description
DYNO LOAD SIGNAL (mA)
DYNO CALCULATED TORQUE (ft-!bf)
INDICATED TORQUE (tt-lbf)
DYNO INBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO OUTBOARD BEARING TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER IN TEMPERATURE (F)
DYNO WATER OUT TEMPERATURE (F)
JWI TEMPERATURE (F)
JWO TEMPERATURE (F)
LOI TEMPERATURE (F)
LOO TEMPERATURE (F)
OIL PRESSURE (psig)
CO F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
CO F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Pre-Catalyst
NOx F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
THC F-Factor- Pre-Catalyst
THC F-Factor: Post-Catalyst
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 2 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 3 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 4 PEAK PRESSURE STDV
CYLINDER 1 LPP
CYLINDER 2 LPP
CYLINDER 3 LPP
CYLINDER 4 LPP
CYLINDER 1 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 2 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 3 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 4 LPP STDV
CYLINDER 1 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 2 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 3 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 4 COMPRESSION PRESSURE (psig)
CYLINDER 1 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 2 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 3 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 4 MISFIRE PERCENTAGE
CYLINDER 1 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 2 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 3 IMEP STDV
CYLINDER 4 IMEP STDV
GOVERNOR CONTROL OUTPUT
CYLINDER 1 DURATION
CYLINDER 1 SOA
CYLINDER 2 DURATION
CYLINDER 2 SOA
CYLINDER 3 DURATION
CYLINDER 3 SOA
CYLINDER 4 DURATION
CYLINDER 4 SOA
1.8BTDC
Average
16.60
7728.92
9161.03
135.01
141.52
113.99
124.01
155.52
164.25
141.96
153.00
28.37
0.77
0.27
1 08
1.09
5.27
4.93
499.57
499.50
500.30
499.60
29.42
24.92
33.14
23.56
1964
19.19
20.01
18.99
1.59
1.50
1.87
1.37
352.25
320.45
357.42
333.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.33
0.84
1.86
0.94
40.38
25.33
120.00
25.22
120.00
2498
120.00
24.33
120.00
1 3.24/3.04 PCC
Date:
Min
16.51
7664.00
9020.00
133.00
140.00
112.00
124.00
154.00
162.00
140.00
153.00
26.00
0.77
0.27'
1.08
1.09
5.27
4.93
489.80
492.00
487.90
491.10
20.36
20.29
2483
14.64
19.04
18.72
19.28
18.57
1.16
1.14
1.33
1.09
351.90
320.10
356.90
33320
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.02
0.61
1.41
0.67
40.20
25.30
120.00
25.20
120.00
24.90
120.00
24.30
120.00
CAT556/550
03/30/99 Time:
Duration (minutes):
Max STDV
16.72
7806.00
9210.00
137.00
143.00
114.00
126.00
157.00
165.00
143.00
153.00
31.00
0.77
0.27
1.08
1.09
5.27
4.93
508.00
509.50
511.30
507.80
39.66
32.72
42.42
36.49
20.12
19.62
20.63
19.50
3.29
1.85
3.29
1.82
353.20
321.20
358.60
334.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.95
1.17
2.38
1.23
40.60
25.40
120.00
25.30
120.00
25.00
120.00
24.40
120.00
0.03
23.71
32.03
0.14
0.84
0.13
0.17
0.64
0.89
0.62
0.00
1.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.92
342
4.20
3.91
4.01
2.85
4.32
3.72
020
0.19
0.26
0.20
035
0.16
0.45
0.16
0.24
0.17
0.25
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.17
0.12
0.19
0.11
0.09
0.05
0.00
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.00
22:35:00
33.00
Variance
0.21
0.31
0.35
0.11
0.60
0.11
0 14
041
0.54
0.44
0.00
4.25
000
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.78
0.68
0.84
078
13.64
11 42
13.02
15.77
1 03
1 01
1.28
1.06
21.98
10.81
23.88
11.72
0.07
0.05
0.07
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
12.93
13.68
9.98
11.19
0.22
0.18
0.00
016
0.00
0.15
0.00
0.18
0.00

-------
         Colorado State University
Engine and Energy Conversion Laboratory
     FTIR System Verification Results
                DRAFT REPORT
                   Prepared by
              Jeffrey P. LaCosse, Ph.D.
              Radian International, LLC
                 P.O. Box 13000
           Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
                  January 1997

-------
  i                                             Table of Contents
 1              1.0   Executive Summary [[[ 1-1


 •              2.0   Introduction [[[ 2-1


                3.0   Verification Procedure [[[ 3-1

 i
 >              4.0   Results and Discussion [[[ 4-1


                5.0   References [[[ 5-1




 |                                                List of Figures



 \               3-1   FTIR System Verification Apparatus [[[ 3-2
 ?
 t
                                                 List of Tables
 *



-------
 1.0    EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

        An independent verification of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) system at
 Colorado State University (CSU) Engine and Energy Conversion Laboratory (EECL) was
 conducted on 16 and 17 January 1997. The verification test was performed on the CSU
 FTIR system for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein utilizing the validation test
 procedures according to EPA Method 301. The sample matrix measured in the system
 evaluation was exhaust gas from the natural gas-fired Cooper GMV 2-cycle large-bore
 internal combustion (1C) engine operated under lean combustion conditions located at the
 EECL facility.

       The CSU FTIR system met the EPA Method 301 validation criteria for all three
 analytes (i.e., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein).  Relative standard deviation was
 significantly less than the Method 301 precision criteria of 50 percent in all cases and
 measurement bias was statistically insignificant for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. The
 results indicate that no bias correction factor for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde is
 required. However, the acrolein data generated using the CSU FTIR system must be
 multiplied by a bias correction factor of 0.96 before subsequent use.  Table 1-1
 summarizes the results of the CSU FTIR system verification.
                  Table 1-1. FUR System Verification Summary
^Analyte
Formaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Percent RSI>
(unspiked)
0.6
12.0
0.0(1)
Percent RSB
{spiked)
4.2
2.3
0.7
: Bias, "~
Significant? -
No
No
Yes
'"* Correction !
Factor \
.
_
0.96
(1) Not detected in native sample gas during validation run.
RSD - Relative standard deviation
 C:\jdg\Hja\csu\draftdoc
1-1

-------
!               2.0    INTRODUCTION

1                     Radian International, LLC was retained by Enginuity International, Inc. to conduct
               an independent verification of the CSU EECL FTIR system using EPA Method 301
{               validation procedures. The verification testing was conducted for formaldehyde,
I
               acetaldehyde, and acrolein in exhaust gases generated from natural gas-fired 1C engines.
7               The verification testing of the CSU FTIR system was essentially identical to that used in
'               the EP A-approved validation tests performed by Radian for the Gas Research
               Institute [1].  The verification testing was conducted at the CSU site during 16 and
               17 January 1997.
1

                C:\sdg\Iisa\csuViraftdoc                        2-1

-------
3.0    VERIFICATION PROCEDURE

       The FTIR verification testing was carried out by dynamic analyte spiking of the
sample gas. Formaldehyde spike gas was generated by volatilization of formalin solution
(Aldrich, 37 % H2CO by weight) and subsequent mixing with a nitrogen carrier gas.
Acetaldehyde and acrolein spikes were generated from a certified gas standard (Scott
Specialty Gases, ±2% analytical accuracy) containing both analyte species in addition to a
sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) dilution tracer. The formaldehyde and acetaldehyde/acrolein
verification runs were conducted separately on 16 and 17 January 1997, respectively.

       The verification was conducted on the FTIR system in an 'as found' condition,
with no adjustments or optimizations carried out prior to or during the verification testing.
CSU personnel operated the FTIR system throughout the verification testing.

       Figure  3-1 is a diagram of the FTIR system verification apparatus. Spike gas at a
known flow rate was injected into the FTIR sampling and analysis system upstream of the
sampling system filter. Spike gas flow into the sample stream was controlled via a
solenoid operated 3-way valve. The valve directs the spike gas either into the sample
stream or to the atmosphere, allowing uninterrupted flow of the spike gas source.

       Spike gas (or carrier gas for formaldehyde) flow rate is measured by a mass flow
meter equipped with a digital readout. Formaldehyde vapor flow rate was governed by
the liquid injection rate of the syringe pump used to pump the formalin solution into the
volatilization block. System flow rate was measured with an orifice placed before the
FTIR gas cell.  All flow devices were calibrated using a bubble flow meter before arrival
on site and immediately after the validation testing.

       Table 3-1 gives the dynamic spiking operating parameters used in this study. The
formaldehyde dilution and spike level were constrained by the minimum syringe pump
flow rate.  The carrier gas flow was set to 2.07 SLM to ensure proper conduction of the
formaldehyde vapor into the sample stream.  Acetaldehyde and acrolein spike levels and
dilution factors are typical for spikes generated from certified gas standards.
 C:\sdgMisa\csu\draftdoc

-------
                                        Figure 3-1.
                          FTTR System Verification Apparatus
               J-W.y Solenoid V.tve
             Spike Gu
                    FllUr
                    He»Ud line (100 f««t)
                                                                      Metering Valve
        Spiking Solution      Man Flow
        (if required)        Meter
                                         CrWc.1 .riAc. .»d         ,
                                         preuuredlrr.renti.li.uge    (««merg«for
                                                             Kiluooo ipike)
             Legend
            ^.Btiitf tut **«• Sftet»
            Jterm»l«3Et W&M* » Gnlii
                       Table 3-1. Dynamic Spiking Parameters
.. :
AnaJytfi',
Formaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Sample Gas
"" ^ ¥&w< • >•
8.37
8.37
8.37
Spike Gas
x" ' Flow5 -
2.53
0.837
0.837
Spike Gas
' €
-------
       The following procedure was used for generation of spiked and unspiked samples:

       •      Measure native stack gas for a 5 minute period;

       •      Start spike gas flow into sample stream;

       •      Let system equilibrate for 5 minutes;

       •      Measure spiked sample stream for 5 minutes;

       •      Turn off spike gas flow;

       •      Let system equilibrate for 5 minutes; and

       •      Repeat cycle.
This cycle is repeated  12 times to provide 12 spiked/unspiked pairs.  These pairs were
grouped further into six groups of 2 spiked/unspiked pairs to simulate a 'quad train'
approach used for the Method 301 statistical calculations.

       Spike level was computed from mass balance for formaldehyde, and by dilution
measured from the SFg dilution tracer for acetaldehyde and acrolern. The equations for
computing spike level can be easily  derived or can be found in the GRIFTIR validation
report [1].
 C:\sdg\lisa\csu\draftdoc                        3.3

-------
 1
  i               4.0    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
 1                     Tables 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3 present the CSU FTIR system verification results for
                 formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein, respectively. These tables are taken directly
  \               from the Method 301 validation spreadsheet available from the EPA EMTIC electronic
  ;               bulletin board. Verification test data were grouped into 'quad train' sets to facilitate the
 .?               use of the EPA spreadsheet. As previously summarized in Table 1-1, the CSU FTIR
  j               system met the EPA Method 301 validation criteria for all three analytes (i.e.,
                 formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein).
 ~|
  i
                       As indicated in Table 4-1  through 4-3, all three analytes were well within the
 I               Method 301 precision criteria of 50% RSD. The highest RSD observed is 12 percent for
                 the unspiked acetaldehyde validation. Acrolein unspiked data were set to zero since
 j               acrolein was not detected in any of the unspiked validation runs.  Formaldehyde and
 '               acetaldehyde do not show any statistically significant bias, while acrolein shows  a small
                 but statistically significant bias of + 4 percent. This is easily within the Method 301
                 criteria of+/- 30 percent bias. As a result, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde data  from the
                 CSU EECL FTER. system do not require any bias correction, while acrolein results should
 |               be multiplied by a bias correction factor of 0.96 before final use.

                       Table 4-4 presents the calibration data for all flow measurement devices  used in
                 the study.  As indicated, the difference between pre- and post- validation calibrations is
 j               less than 4 percent in all cases.
1
j
                 C:\sdg\iisa\csu\draftdoc                         4-1

-------
                 Table 4-1.  Verification Results for Formaldehyde
VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF FORMALDEHYDE
Date Conducted: 16 January 1997
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS
FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS) = 35.4
Dilution Factor for Unspiked Samples =
0.70
ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)
CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)

RUN*
1
2
3
4
5
6
AVERAGE:
STANDARD
SPIKED
A
53.59
53.27
58.21
52.33
54.44
53.17
Sm=
SAMPLES
B
55.53
49.12
52.52
50.73
54.51
51.06
53.21
UNSPIKED SAMPLES
C D A-B (A-B)A2 C-D (C-D)A2
18.72 19.05 -1.94 3.76 -0.33 0.11
18.93 18.79 4.15 17.22 0.14 0.02
18.70 18.71 5.69 32.38 -0.01 0.00
18.54 18.54 1.60 2.56 0.00 0.00
18.61 18.63 -0.07 0.00 -0.02 0.00
18.57 18.66 2.11 4.45 -0.09 0.01
Mm= 18.70
DEVIATION:
SPIKED Sds -


UNSPIKED
RELATIVE
Sdu =
STD RSDs =
RELATIVE STD RSDu=
2.24
0.11
4.2% (acceptable)
0.6% (acceptable)
BIAS:
Corrected Unspiked Cone =


B =
STD OF MEAN SDm =


t-VALUE =
CRITICAL t-VALUE =
13.09
4.714
2.246
2.099
2.201
(n=12, alpha=95%)
Bias not statistically significant, CF not needed.
C:\sdg\lisa\csu\draftdoc
4-2

-------
                Table 4-2. Verification Results for Acetaldehyde
           VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETALDEHYDE
Date Conducted: 17 January 1997
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS
FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS)=
                          10.10
Dilution Factor for Unspiked Samples
                                  0.90
ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)
           CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)
  RUN#
     1
             SPIKED SAMPLES
10.96
              12.15
              12.42
              12.94
              12.89
              13.15
            B
11.50
           12.34
           12.90
           12.32
           13.01
           13.18
                   UNSPIKED SAMPLES
 0.35
         1.87
         2.59
         3.05
         2.82
         3.00
1.17
         2.15
         2.88
         2.76
         2.97
         3.22
                         A-B
-0.54
        -0.19
        -0.48
        0.62
        -0.12
        -0.03
                        (A-B)A2
0.29
         0.04
         0.23
         0.38
         0.01
         0.00
                         C-D
-0.82
         -0.28
         -0.29
         0.29
         -0.15
         -0.22
                         (C-D)A2
0.67
         0.08
         0.08
         0.08
         0.02
         0.05
AVERAGE:
Sm=
12.48
Mm =
2.40
STANDARD DEVIATION:
BIAS:
           SPIKED SdS =
                    0.28
           UNSPIKED Sdu
                    0.29
           RELATIVE STD RSDs =    2.3%   (acceptable)
           RELATIVE STD RSDu=    12.0%   (acceptable)
           Corrected Unspiked Cone;
                            2.16
                      B =
                   0.218
           STD OF MEAN Sdm =
                   0.403
                      t-VALUE =   0.540
           CRITICAL t-VALUE
                  2.201
           (n=12, alpha = 95%)
           Bias not statistically significant, CF not needed.
 C:\sdg\lisa\csu\draftdoc
                      4-3

-------
                   Table 4-3. Verification Results for Acrolein
          VALIDATION OF FTIR FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACROLEIN
Date Conducted: 17 January 1997
ANALYTE SPIKING: QUAD TRAINS
FEDERAL REGISTER CALCULATION METHOD
ENTER VALUE OF SPIKED LEVEL (CS) =
                           9.30
Dilution Factor for Unspiked Samples =
                                   0.90
ENTER SPIKED AND UNSPIKED CONCENTRATIONS (COMPARABLE UNITS ASSUMED)
          CONCENTRATION IN PPM (WET)
            SPIKED SAMPLES
                     UNSPIKED SAMPLES
  RUN*
             B
                           A-B
                        (A-B)A2
                          C-D
                          (C-D)A2
    1
9.33
 9.38
0.00
0.00
-0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
             9.67
           9.68
          0.00
         0.00
        -0.01
         0.00
         0.00
         0.00
             9.64
           9.75
          0.00
        0.00
        -0.11
         0.01
         0.00
         0.00
             9.70
           9.70
          0.00
        0.00
        0.00
         0.00
         0.00
         0.00
             9.86
           9.72
          0.00
        0.00
        0.14
         0.02
         0.00
         0.00
    6
9.91
10.05
0.00
0.00
-0.14
0.02
0.00
0.00
AVERAGE:
Sm=
9.70
Mm=
0.00
STANDARD DEVIATION:
          SPIKED SDs=
                   0.07
          UNSPIKED SDu=
                   0.00
          RELATIVE STD RSDs=    0.7%    (acceptable)
          RELATIVE STD RSDu=   0.0%    (acceptable)
BIAS:
          Corrected Unspiked Cone =
                           0.00
                     B=
                   0.399
          STD OF MEAN SDm=
                   0.067
                     t-VALUE=   5.956
          CRITICAL t-VALUE=
                   2.201
          (n=12, alpha=95%)
          Bias is statistically significant
          Correction Factor=
                   0.959    (Acceptable)
 C:\sdgMUa\csuUnAdoc
                       4-4

-------
 "1
                              Table 4-4. Post-Verification Flow Meter Calibration Results
1
Rotameter Calibrations Baro.P= 25.15
Dynamic Spiking console Channel 1 Std. P= 29.96
Readout
0.65
0.65
0.65
average
1.75
1.75
average
Time
(Sec)
36.09
24.08
47.96

24.43
24.29

Volume
(I)
0.6
0.4
0.8

1
1

Flow
(l/min)
1.00
1.00
1.00

2.46
2.47

Flow (SLM)
(Post test)
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
2.06
2.07
2.07
Flow (SLM)
(Pre test)



0.85


2.00
% Difference
(post - pre)



-1.2


3.5
Orifice cal (dp = 0.60 inch H2O)
Time (sec)



average
9.81
9.58
9.71

Volume (I)
1.6
1.6
1.6

Flow
(l/min)
9.79
10.02
9.89
9.90
Flow (SLM)
(Post test)
8.21
8.41
8.30
8.31
Pretest cal
(SLM)



8.30




<1
Syringe pump


Time
(min)
10
Vol
(ml)
3.5
Post Test
Flow
(ml/min)
0.35


Pretest cal
(ml/min)
0.34

2.9
j
                  C:\sdg\lisa\csu\drafidoc
4-5

-------
5.0   REFERENCES

1     L.D. Ogle, G.S.-Shareef, and J.P. LaCosse. "Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
      Method Validation at a Natural Gas-Fired Internal Combustion Engine", Radian
      Corporation under Contract to Gas Research Institute, Document GRI-95/0271,
      May 1995.
C:\sdg\list\csu\draftdoc

-------
                                                        COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                  APPENDIX H


                  CALIBRATION GAS CERTIFICATION SHEETS
Emissions Testing                                                  Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
       Scott Specialty Gases
                              COMPLIANCE CLASS
                              Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
       500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                      Phone: 888-253-1635
                                                     Fax: 303-772-7673
                                                     TM
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY:  Interference Free  Multi-Component EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501
P.O. No.:    814671
Project No.: 08-54617-001
                         Customer
                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                              ENERGY LAB
                              430 NORTH COLLEGE
                              FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
 Certified to exceed the minimum specifications of EPA Protocol 1 Procedure #G2.
 Cylinder Number:       ALM068001
 Cylinder Pressure***:   1786 PSIG

COMPONENT
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON MONOXIDE
METHANE
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN - OXYGEN FREE

TOTAL OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                                      Certification Date:      3/16/99        Exp. Date:   3/16/2001


                                                              ACCURACY**       TRACEABILITY
CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
         6 . 80   %
       190       PPM
     1,300       PPM
       262       PPM
                BALANCE
                                                               + /- 2%
                                                               + 1-2%
                                                               + 1- 2%
                                                               + /- 2%
                                      263.
                      PPM
                                                     NIST
                                                     NIST
                                                     GMIS
                                                     GMIS
                                                Reference Value Only
*** Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
EXPIRATION DATE
NTRM 5000 7/17/01
NTRM 2636 2/01/03
CH4/AIR 50PP 2/18/01
GMIS 1/06/01
INSTRUMENTATION
CYLINDER NUMBER
AIM049007
ALM066877
ALM014418
ALM039666
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIALtf
CONCENTRATION
5 032 %
248.7 PPM
50.20 PPM
497.0 PPM
DATE LAST CALIBRATED
COMPONENT
C02/N2
CARBON MONOXIDE
METHANE
NO/N2
ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
C02/AIA-220/570497012
HPGC/5710A/2010A99310
HPGC/5890/3115A34623
FTIR System/8220/AAB9400251
                            03/12/99
                            03/09/99
                            03/08/99
                            03/05/99
                                              NDIR
                                              FID
                                              FID
                                              Scott Enhanced FTIR
 APPROVED BY:
                    Devon VonFeldt

-------
       Scott  Specialty Gases
                           COMPLIANCE CLASS
                           Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        1290 COMBERMERE STREET,TROY,MI 48083
                         Ph-.nt-: ?.43-539-2950   Fax: 248-539-2134
 CERTIFICATE  OF ACCURACY: EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory
                           P.O. No.: 814671
 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES    Project No.:  05-42293-002
 1290 COMBERMERE STREET
 TROY.MI 48083
 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION		
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        ALM050151         Certification Date:      3/11/99        Exp. Date:    3/11/2001
 Cylinder Pressure***:    1400 PSlG
                           Customer
                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                           ENERGY LAB
                           430 NORTH COLLEGE
                           FORT COLLINS CO   80524
COMPONENT
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN - OXYGEN FREE

TOTAL OXIDES OF NITROGEN
 CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
        259.4
        181.3
PPM
PPM
BALANCE
ACCURACY**
  -r/- 2%
  + /- 2%
        440.7     BALANCE
TRACEABILITY
NT5T
NIST
                                 Reference Value Only
'' * Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of tne measurement processes
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.    EXPIRATION DATE
NTRM 2631           7/01/99
NTRM 2654 '   "      11/01/99
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM0587I8
ALM049028
 CONCENTRATION
       M'I .' Pf-vl
       51'H 0 Pful
       COMPONENT
       NITRIC OXIDE:
       NITROGEN DIOXIDE
INSTRUMENTATION
1NSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#
BECKMAN/951/0101177
BECKMAN/951/0101177
                   DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                         03.1 1/99
                         03'1 Ii99
                               ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                               CHEMILUMINESCENSE
                               CHEMILUMINESCENSE
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:1

-------
        Scott Specialty Gases
                                               RATA CLASS
                                               Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                              Phone: 888-253-1635   Fax: 303-772-7673
                                                           TM
 CERTIFICATE  OF ACCURACY:  Interference Free   EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL  INFORMATION
              P.O. No.: P165299
              Project No.: 08-52254-003
                             Customer
                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                             ENERGY LAB
                             430 NORTH COLLEGE
                             FORT COLLINS CO  80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:
 Cylinder Pressure***:

COMPONENT
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN - OXYGEN FREE

NOX
       ALM040676
       1912 PSIG
         Certification Date:
          1/12/99
    Exp. Date:    1/12/2001
                    CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
                           112
                           112.
                   PPM
                   BALANCE

                   PPM
             ANALYTICAL
              ACCURACY**
                + /- 1%
            TRACEABILITY
            NIST
                                  Reference Value Only
*"*Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as+/- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 1685
EXPIRATION DATE
    7/10/01
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM050868
CONCENTRATION
      247.5 PPM
COMPONENT
NO/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#
FTIR System/8220/AAB9400251
 ANALYZER READINGS
                                       DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                             12/24/98
                                                    ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                    Scott Enhanced FTIR
         First Triad Analysis
           (Z = ZeroGas   R = Reference Gas   T=TestGas
                             Second Triad Analysis
                                                                        r = Correlation Coefficient)
                                                                                    Calibration Curve
 NITRIC OXIDE
 Date: 01/04/99  Response Unit: PPM

 Z1--0.110    R1-Z46.S5    T1-111.80

 R2-247.55    Z2--0.031     T2-112.15

 Z3-O.OOS6    T3-112.16    R3-248.10

 Avg. Concentration:      112.0    PPM
                        Date: 01/12/99  Response Unit: PPM

                        Z1--0.059    R1-247.41    T1-111.87

                        R2-247.S8    Z2-0.1289    T2-112.07

                        Z3-0.176S    T3-112.13    R3-247.51

                        Avg. Concentration:      112.0    PPM
                                             Concentration - A •*• Bx + Cx2 + Dx3 + Ex4

                                             r-0.999990

                                             Constants:       A -0.000000

                                             B- 1.000000      C- 0.000000

                                             D-0.000000      E-0.000000
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:  "T\ i  !<^   I
                      Devon VonFeldt

-------
         Scott Specialty  Gases
                                               RATA  CLASS
                                               Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD.LONGMONT.CO 80501
                                              Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
                                                           TM
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: Interference Free   Multi-Component EPA  Protocol  Gas

 Assay Laboratory                                               Customer
 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
             P.O. No.: P165299
             Project No.: 08-52254-004
                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                             ENERGY LAB
                             430 NORTH COLLEGE
                             FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        AAL7933           Certification Date:       1/12/99         Exp. Date:    1/12/2001
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:    1 928 PSIG
                                                                   ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                        CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION          ACCURACY**       TRACEABILITY
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN - OXYGEN FREE

NOX
                           162
                           162.
                   PPM
                   BALANCE

                   PPM
                + /- V
            NIST
                                  Reference Value Only
•"Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
*• Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as + /- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 1685
EXPIRATION DATE
    7/10/01
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM050868
CONCENTRATION
      247.5 PPM
COMPONENT
NO/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/IV!ODEL/SERIAL#
FTIR System/8220/AAB9400251
 ANALYZER READINGS
                                       DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                             12/24/98
                                                    ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                    Scott Enhanced FTIR
         First Triad Analysis
           (Z = ZeroGas   R = Reference Gas   T = TestGas
                             Second Triad Analysis
  NITRIC OXIDE
  Date: 01/04/99  Response Unit: PPM
  Z1--0.110    R1-246.8S    T1-162.17
  R2-247.55    .Z2i.-0.031    T2-162.41
  Z3-0.0056    T3» 162.37    R3-248.10
  Avg. Concentration:       162.3    PPM
                        Data: 01/12/99  Response Unit: PPM
                        Z1--0.059    R1- 247.41    T1.162.05
                        R2- 247.58    Z2-0.1289    T2-162.32
                        Z3-0.1765    T3-162.30    R3-247.51
                        Avg. Concentration:      162.2   PPM
                                                                        r = Correlation Coefficient)
                                                                                    Calibration Curve
                                             Concentration - A + Bx + Cx2 + 0x3 + Ex4
                                             r-0.999990
                                             Constants:       A - 0.000000
                                             B- 1.000000      C. 0.000000
                                             D. 0.000000      E-0.000000
 Special Notes:
                      Devon VonFeldt

-------
        Scott  Specialty  Gases
                                               RATA CLASS
                                               Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                              Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF  ACCURACY: Interference Free   Multi-Component EPA  Protocol Gas

 Assay Laboratory                                               Customer
 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
             P.O. No.: P1 65299
             Project No.: 08-52254-005
                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                             ENERGY LAB
                             430 NORTH COLLEGE
                             FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        ALM043082        Certification Date:       1/19/99         Exp. Date:    1/19/2001
 Cylinder Pressure***:    1922 PSiG
                                                                   ANALYTICAL
                                                                     ACCURACY**
COMPONENT
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN -OXYGEN FREE

NOX
                   CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
                           304
                           305.
                   PPM
                   BALANCE

                   PPM
                + /- 1%
            TRACEABILITY
            NIST
                                  Reference Value Only
*** Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as + /- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRIVI NO.
NTRM 1685
EXPIRATION DATE
    7/10/01
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM050868
CONCENTRATION
      247.5 PPM
COMPONENT
NO/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT;MODEL/SERIAL#
FTIR System/8220/AAB9400251

 ANALYZER READINGS
                                       DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                             12/24/98
                                                    ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                    Scott Enhanced FTIR
                           (Z = ZeroGas   R = Reference Gas  T = TestGas    r = Correlation Coefficient)
         First Triad Analysis                      Second Triad Analysis                       Calibration Curve
 NITRIC OXIDE
 Data: 01/08/99  Response Unit: PPM

 Z1-0.2720    R1-247.Z2    T1-303.89

 R2-247.75    Z2-0.2750    T2-304.60

 23- 0.6268    T3- 304.SO    R3 = 247.52

 Avg. Concentration:      304.3    PPM
                        Date: 01/19/99  Response Unit: PPM

                        Z1--0.073    R1-247.27    T1-304.31

                        R2- 247.66    Z2--O.OS8    T2-304.77

                        Z3-0.0358    T3-304.37    R3-247.57

                        Avg. Concentration:      304.5   PPM
                                             Concentration » A •*- Bx + Cx2 + Dx3 •*• Ex4
                                             r-0.999990
                                             Constants:       A-0.000000
                                             B-1.000000      C-0.000000
                                             D« 0.000000      E- 0.000000
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:
                      Devon VonFeldt

-------
        Scott  Specialty Gases
                                              RATA CLASS
                                              Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                                             Phone: 888-253-1635
                                                                 Fax: 303-772-7673
                                                          TM
 CERTIFICATE OF  ACCURACY: Interference Free   Multi-Component EPA Protocol Gas

 Assay Laboratory                                               Customer
 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT.CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
             P.O. No.: P165299
             Project No.:  08-52254-006
                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                            ENERGY LAB
                            430 NORTH COLLEGE
                            FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        ALM042989        Certification Date:       1/20/99         Exp. Date:   1/20/2001
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:    1 948 PSIG
COMPONENT
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN - OXYGEN FREE

NOX
                   CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
                          457       PPM
                                     BALANCE
                                 ANALYTICAL
                                  ACCURACY*"
                                    + /- 1%
                          460.
                   PPM
                                 TRACEABILITY
                                 NIST
                                  Reference Value Only
•**Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
*• Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified asW- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 1685
EXPIRATION DATE
    7/10/01
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM050868
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIALff
FTIR System/8220/AAB9400251

  ANALYZER READINGS
CONCENTRATION
      247.5 PPM
                                       DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                             12/24/98
COMPONENT
NO/N2
                                                    ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                    Scott Enhanced FTIR
                           (Z = Zero Gas  R = Reference Gas   T = Test Gas    r = Correlation Coefficient)
         First Triad Analysis                      Second Triad Analysis                       Calibration Curve
  NITRIC OXIDE
  Date: 01/08/99  ' .Response Unit: PPM

  Z1 -0.2720    R1-247.22    T1 -456.33

  R2-247.75   ' Z2-0.2750    T2-456.29

  Z3-0.6268    73^456.56    R3-247.52

  Avg. Concentration: ••     456.4    PPM
                        Date: 01/20/99  Reipoiue Unit: PPM
                        Z1--0.073    R1-247.27    T1-456.73
                        R2-247.66    Z2--O.OS8    T2-457.16
                        Z3- 0.0358    T3-456.30    R3-247.57

                        Avg. Concentration:      456.7    PPM
                                             Concentration - A + Bx + Cx2 + Dx3 + Ex4

                                             r-0.999990

                                             Constanta:       A-0.000000
                                             B-1.000000      C-0.000000
                                             D- 0.000000      E- 0.000000
 Special Notes:
  APPROVED BY: l)l/J7rr
                       Devon VonFeldt

-------
         SCOtt
                                                RATA  CLASS
                                                Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
         500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                               Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
                                                             TM
 CERTIFICATE OF  ACCURACY:  Interference Free   EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT.CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
              P.O. No.: P165299
              Project No.: 08-52254-007
                              Customer
                              COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                              ENERGY LAB
                              430 NORTH COLLEGE
                              FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        AAL9916            Certification Date:       1/20/99         Exp. Date:    1/20/2001
 Cylinder Pressure***:    1858 PSIG
                                                                      ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                        CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION         ACCURACY**        TRACEABILITY
NITRIC OXIDE  '                              908        PPM               +/-1%            NIST
NITROGEN - OXYGEN FREE                               BALANCE
NOX
                           915.
                    PPM
                                   Reference Value Only
•••Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as+/- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 2631
EXPIRATION DATE
    7/01/99
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM058587
CONCENTRATION
      2817 PPM
COMPONENT
NO/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIALff
FTIR System/8220/AAB9400251
 ANALYZER READINGS
                                        DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                              1 2/24/98
                                                     ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                     Scott Enhanced FTIR
         First Triad Analysis
           (Z = Zero Gas  R = Reference Gas   T = Test Gas
                              Second Triad Analysis
                                                                          r = Correlation Coefficient)
                                                                                      Calibration Curve
 NITRIC OXIDE
  Date: 01/08/99 "•- Response Unit: PPM

  21-0.3845    R1-2814.3    T1-908.26

  R2-2817.8    Z2-1.9699    T2-907.11

  23-1.5249    T3-907.77    R3-2818.9

  Avg. Concentration:      907.7     PPM
                         Date: 01/20/99  Response Unit: PPM

                         21-0.2134    R1-2816.5     T1-906.60

                         R2-2817.0    Z2-1.3007     T2-907.86

                         23-0.8967    T3-907.68     R3-2817.5

                         Avg. Concentration:       907.4    PPM
                                              Concentration- A + Bx + Cx2 + Dx3 +Ex

                                              t- 0.999990

                                              Constants:        A-0.000000
                                              B - 1.000000      C - 0.000000

                                              0-0.000000      E-0.000000
Special Notes:
  APPROVED BY:
                       Devon VonFeldt

-------
       Scott  Specialty Gases
                         COMPLIANCE CLASS
                         Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                                                  Phone: 888-253-1635
                                                       Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory
                           P.O. No.:    814671
 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES     Project No.: 08-54121-005
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
                          Customer
                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                          ENERGY LAB
                          430 NORTH COLLEGE
                          FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceabllity Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       ALM058561
 Cylinder Pressure***:   2000 PSIG

COMPONENT
METHANE
PROPANE
AIR
       Certification Date:
CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
       449       PPM
        45.8     PPM
                 BALANCE
                                                            3/10/99
           Exp. Date:    3/09/2002
ANALYTICAL
 ACCURACY**
   + 1-2%
   + 1-2%
TRACEABIL1TY
GMIS
GMIS
•"Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.    EXPIRATION DATE    CYLINDER NUMBER
CH4/AIR 10PP         2/18/01         AAL4185
C3/AIR 50PPM         3/04/01         ALM052292
                  CONCENTRATION
                        1001 PPM
                        50.40 PPM
        COMPONENT
        METHANE
        PROPANE
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#
HPGC/5710A/2010A99310
HPGC/5890/3115 A34623
                  DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                        03/03/99
                        03/10/99
                 ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                 FID
                 FID
  APPROVED BY:
                                       '"
  **" 'w »-* .**""* .
                     STEVE SHOCKITES

-------
       SCOtt
                                                            COMPLIANCE CLASS
                                                            Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD.LONGMONT.CO 80501
                                                                   Phone: 888-253-1635
                                                                                          Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: EPA Protocol  Gas
Assay Laboratory
                           P.O. No.:    814671
SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES     Project No.: 08-54121-002
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT,CO 80501

ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
                                                            Customer
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                                                            ENERGY LAB
                                                            430 NORTH COLLEGE
                                                            FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       ALM016431
 Cylinder Pressure* * * :    1 878 PSIG

COMPONENT
METHANE
PROPANE
AIR
                                         Certification Date:
                                  CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
                                                            3/10/99
                                                                            Exp. Date:    3/09/2002
901
 91.1
                                                   PPM
                                                   PPM
                                                   BALANCE
                                                                ANALYTICAL
                                                                 ACCURACY*
                                                                  +1-2%
                                                                  +1-2%
                                                                                    TRACEABILITY
                                                                                    GMIS
                                                                                    NIST
*** Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.    EXPIRATION DATE    CYLINDER NUMBER     CONCENTRATION        COMPONENT
CH4/AIR 50PP          2/18/01          ALM014418                 50.20  PPM        METHANE
NTRM 1669         10/02/02          ALM006765                 497.0  PPM        PROPANE
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIALl
HPGC/5710A/2010A99310
HPGC/5890/3115A34623
                                                   DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                                         03/08/99
                                                         03/08/99
                                                                                  ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                                                  FID
                                                                                  FID
 APPROVED BY:
                     VIRGINIA CHANDLER

-------
       SCOtt
                              GclSeS
                                                            COMPLIANCE  CLASS
                                                            Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
500 WEAVER PARK RD.LONGMONT.CO 80501
                                                           Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE  OF ACCURACY: EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT, CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
                    P.O. No.: VERBAL PER GARY
                    Project No.:  08-54121-003
                                                            Customer
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                                                            ENERGY LAB
                                                            430 NORTH COLLEGE
                                                            FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceablllty Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       AAL13109
 Cylinder Pressure* * * :   1 906 PSIG

COMPONENT
METHANE
PROPANE
AIR
                                         Certification Date:
                                  CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
                                      1,800       PPM
                                         181       PPM
                                                   BALANCE
                                                      3/09/99
                                                                             Exp. Date:    3/08/2002
                                                         ANALYTICAL
                                                           ACCURACY**
                                                            +1-2%
                                                            +1-2%
                                                                                     TRACEABILITY
                                                                                     GMIS
                                                                                     NIST
•**Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.    EXPIRATION DATE    CYLINDER NUMBER      CONCENTRATION        COMPONENT
CH4/AIR 50PP          2/18/01         ALM014418                 50 20 PPM        METHANE
NTRM 1669          10/02/02         ALM006765                 497.0 PPM        PROPANE
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL*
HPGC/5710A/2010A99310
HPGC/5890/3115A34623
                                             DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                                   03/08/99
                                                   03/08,99
                                                                                   ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                                                   FID
                                                                                   FID
 Special Notes:
  APPROVED BY:
                      VIRGINIA CHANDLER

-------
  05/13/99   07:04  FAX 3037727673
 J w1/ A W P J    f U . V J,    U «• ^ *-»^i i jrEui.nui i
       Scott Specialty Gases
                                                       COMPLLiJMCE CLASS
                                                       Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
       G141 EA5TON ROAD, BLDG l.PLUWSTEAOVILLE.PA 169*3.0310
                                                          Phone: 215-766 6881
                                                                               Fax: 215-766-2070
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: EPA Protocol Gas
                                                         COLORADO STA"E UNIVERSITY

                                                         ENERGY LAO
                                                         430 NORTH CCL-EGE
                                                         FORT COLLINS CD  80524
Assay LiboraTDry
                         P.O. No.:    P165299
SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES    Project No.: 01-12606-002
6141 EASTDN ROAD, BLDG 1
PLUM5TEADVILLE.PA 18949-0310

ANALYTICAL INFORMATION ________
llns ccrii(Mi«jo w^v 9»rto"TiBd according lo EPA Traceabillty Protocol For AJSBV & Certrticitlcr, of Gaseous Ca'ISra'ion Standards;
Proocdutu »G1: Soptcmbor. 1S97.
Cylmdef iNumbef :       ALM01743?        C*rtlf)e«ion Date:      2/02/99        Exp. Date:   2/D-I/20O1
                    2000 PS1G
                                                            ANALYTICAL
                               CEHTIPIEO COMCgMTRATIQN        ACCURACY**       TRACEABJUTY
                                       7 32    PPM             -/- 2% ~         NIST
                                               BALANCE
 CYfinder Pressure' ":

COMPONENT
CARBON rAONQXIDE
N17HDGE^
••* Do not M» *h«o jyllnelar erostufi i< a»l3w 150 pifg.
'' Anivtol aceufie^ it ineiativt o* utm' 
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                                                            COMPLIANCE CLASS

        SCOtt Specialty GaSeS           Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard

        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501                 Phone: 888-253-1635   Fax: 303-772-7673

                                                        TM
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: Interference Free   EPA Protocol Gas	

 Assay Laboratory                                             Customer
                            P.O. No.: P1 65299                 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES     Project No.: 08-52254-022
 500 WEAVER PARK RD                                        ENERGY LAB
 LONGMONT.CO 80501                                        430 NORTH COLLEGE
                                                            FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION	
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceabliity Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       ALM038359        Certification Date:      1/25/99         Exp. Date:    1/25/2002
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:   1930 PSIG
                                                                ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                       CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION         ACCURACY**      TRACEABILITY
CARBON MONOXIDE                         28.9    PPM             +1-2%            NIST
NITROGEN                                          BALANCE

**• Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.    EXPIRATION DATE   CYLINDER NUMBER      CONCENTRATION        COMPONENT
NTRM 1678           5/24/01         ALM041017                  49.90 PPM        CO/N2

INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#                             DATE LAST CALIBRATED            ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
FT1R System/8220/AAB9400251                                     12/31/99                   Scott Enhanced FTIR
Special Notes:
  APPROVED BY:
                     Devon VonFeldt

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        Scott Specialty Gases
                               COMPLIANCE CLASS
                               Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                              Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: Interference Free   EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
P.O. No.: PI 65299
Project No.: 08-52254-023
         Customer
         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

         ENERGY LAB
         430 NORTH COLLEGE
         FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification, was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       ALM027362        Certification Date:       1/15/99        Exp. Date:   1/15/2002
 Cylinder Pressure***:   1982 PSIG
                                                               ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                       CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION         ACCURACY**       TRACEABILITY
CARBON MONOXIDE
NITROGEN
             43.8
PPM
BALANCE
/- 2%
NIST
* * * Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.    EXPIRATION DATE    CYLINDER NUMBER
NTRM 1678  '   '      5/24/01         ALM041017
                       CONCENTRATION
                             49.90 PPM
                     COMPONENT
                     CO/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#
FTIR System/8220/AAB9400251
                       DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                             12/31/98
                              ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                              Scott Enhanced FTIR
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:
                    Devon VonFeldt

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         Scott Specialty Gases
                                               RATA CLASS
                                               Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                              Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE  OF ACCURACY:  Interference Free  EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT.CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
             P.O. No.: P165299
             Project No.: 08-52254-034
                             Customer
                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                             ENERGY LAB
                             430 NORTH COLLEGE
                             FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceabllity Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        ALM047090         Certification Date:       1/15/99
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:    1 970 PSIG
                                                                Exp. Date:   1/15/2002
COMPONENT
CARBON MONOXIDE
NITROGEN
                    CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION
                           109
                   PPM
                   BALANCE
             ANALYTICAL
              ACCURACY*"
                + /- 1%
            TRACEABiLITY
            NIST
•** Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as+/- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 1680 *-•""
EXPIRATION DATE
    4/09/99
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM066528
CONCENTRATION
      498.8 PPM
COMPONENT
CO/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#
FTIR System/8220/AAB9400251
              l
 ANALYZER READINGS
                                       DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                             12/31/98
                                                    ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                    Scott Enhanced FTIR
         First Triad Analysis
           (Z = Zero Gas   R = Reference Gas   T = Test Gas
                             Second Triad Analysis
                                                                        r = Correlation Coefficient)
                                                                                    Calibration Curve
  CARBON MONOXIDE
  Date: 01/08/99  Response Unit: PPM
  Z1--0.192    R1-498.5S     T1-109.22

  R2-499.18   ' Z2.-0.014     T2-109.23

  Z3--0.10S . - T3-109.33     R3-498.67

  Avg. Concentration:  ]    109.3    PPM
                         Data: 01/15/99  Response Unit: PPM

                         21.-0.304    R1-498.97    T1 « 109.35

                         R2-499.05    22--0.218    TZ-109.30

                         Z3--0.226    T3-109.16    R3-498.37

                         Avg. Concentration:       109.3    PPM
                                             Concentration »• A + Bx -f Cx2 + Dx3 + Ex4
                                             r-0.999990
                                             Constants:        A-0.000000
                                             B- 1.000000      C-0.000000
                                             D-0.000000      E-0.000000
 Special Notes:
  APPROVED BY:
                      Devon VonFeldt

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         Scott Specialty Gases
                                               RATA CLASS
                                               Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
         500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                              Phone: 888-253-1635
                                                                  Fax: 303-772-7673
                                                           TM
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY:  Interference Free  EPA Protocol  Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
             P.O. No.: P165299
             Project No.: 08-52254-025
                                                             Customer
                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                                                             ENERGY LAB
                                                             430 NORTH COLLEGE
                                                             FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #01; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        ALM039419        Certification Date:       1/15/99         Exp. Date:    1/15/2002
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:    1746 PSIG
                                                                   ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                        CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION         ACCURACY**       TRACEABILITY
CARBON MONOXIDE
NITROGEN
                           157
                                                    PPM
                                                    BALANCE
                + /- 1'
            NIST
* * * Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes
  Product certified as-*-/- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 1680
EXPIRATION DATE
    4/09/99
                                 CYLINDER NUMBER
                                 AIM066528
CONCENTRATION
      498.8 PPM
COMPONENT
CO/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#
FTIR System/8220/AA89400251
                                       DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                             12/31/98
                                                                                    ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                                                    Scott Enhanced FTIR
 ANALYZER READINGS
         First Triad Analysis
           (Z = Zero Gas  R=,Reference Gas   T = Test Gas
                             Second Triad Analysis
                                                                      r = Correlation Coefficient)
                                                                                  Calibration Curve
 CARBON MONOXIDE
Date: 01/08/99  Response Unit: PPM

Z1--0.192    R1-498.55    T1-1S7.23

R2-499.18  "v Z2--0.014     T2-157.29

Z3--0.105 ; /  T3-157.37    R3-498.67

Avg. Concentration-. \    157.3    PPM
                                        Date: 01/15/99   Response Unit: PPM
                                        Z1--0.304     R1-498.97    T1-157.48
                                        R2-499.05    Z2--0.218     T2-157.32
                                        Z3--0.226     T3-157.43    R3-498.37
                                        Aug. Concentration:      157.4    PPM
                                                               Concentration - A + B« + Cx2 + Dx3 + Ex4

                                                               r.0.999990

                                                               Constants:       A-0.000000

                                                               B - 1.000000      C - 0.000000

                                                               D-0.000000      E-0.000000
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:
                                                         *,    I
                      Devon VonFeldt

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                                                               RATA CLASS
        SCOtt Specialty GclSCS           Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD.LONGMONT.CO 80501
                                 Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
                                                           TM
 CERTIFICATE  OF ACCURACY: Interference Free   EPA  Protocol  Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL  INFORMATION
P.O. No.: P165299
Project No.: 08-52254-031
        Customer
        COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

        ENERGY LAB
        430 NORTH COLLEGE
        FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        ALM052548         Certification Date:       1/19/99         Exp. Date:    1/19/2002
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:    1 998 PSIG
                                                                    ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                         CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION          ACCURACY**       TRACEABILITY
CARBON  DIOXIDE                              1.99    %                +/-1%            NIST
NITROGEN    '                                         BALANCE
*** Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as + /- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD'
TYPE/SRM NO.    EXPIRATION DATE
NTRM 5000 . '        7/17/01
     CYLINDER NUMBER
     ALM04S931
CONCENTRATION
      5.032 %
COMPONENT
C02/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#
C02/AIA-220/570497012

  ANALYZER READINGS
                          DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                01/19/99
                                ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                NDIR
                           (Z = Zero Gas   R = Reference Gas  T= Test Gas    r = Correlation Coefficient)
         First Triad Analysis                       Second Triad Analysis                       Calibration Curve
  CARBON DIOXIDE
  Date: 01/19/99   Response Unit: %
  21--0.002     R1-5.0380    T1-1.9920
  R2-5.0340  ~^Z2--0.001     T2-1.9910
  Z3--0.001  •  .T3-1.9940    R3-S.0320
  Avg. Concentration:  ;    1.992    %
                                                   Concentration » A + Bx + Cx2 + Dx3 + Ex4

                                                   r-0.999999

                                                   Constants:       A--O.OO9819

                                                   B-0.730591     C-0.046295

                                                   D-0.005346     E-0.000000
 Special Notes:
  APPROVED BY:
                       Devon VonFeldt

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        Scott  Specialty Gases
                                              RATA CLASS
                                              Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                             Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF  ACCURACY: interference  Free   EPA Protocol Gas
                             P.O. No.: P165299
                             Project No.: 08-52254-032
                                              Customer
                                              COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                                              ENERGY LAB
                                              430 NORTH COLLEGE
                                              FORT COLLINS CO  80524
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION	
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceabllity Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:        1L3264             Certification Date:       1/15/99
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:    1 966 PSIG
                                                                  ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                       CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION         ACCURACY**
CARBON DIOXIDE                             5.16    %                +/-1%
NITROGEN    •                                        BALANCE
                                                                              Exp. Date:    1/15/2002
                                                                                      TRACEABILITY
                                                                                      NIST
*** Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as-/- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 5000 . •
EXPIRATION DATE
    7/17/01
                                 CYLINDER NUMBER
                                 ALM048931
CONCENTRATION
      5.032 %
COMPONENT
C02/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL*
C02/AIA-220/570497012
 ANALYZER READINGS
                                      DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                            01/15/99
                                                                                    ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                                                    NDIR
        First Triad Analysis
           (Z = 2eroGas   R = Reference Gas   T = Test Gas
                             Second Triad Analysis
                                                                      r = Correlation Coefficient)
                                                                                  Calibration Curve
 CARBON DIOXIDE
 Date: 01/15/99  Response Unit: %

 Z1-0.0020    R1-S.0490   T1-5.1700
 R2-S.0660  ' xZ2-0.0000   T2-S.1550

 Z3.0.0170 .'.''„*.T3-S.1640   R3-5.0590
 Avg. Concentration:/-    5.163    %
                                                              Concentration - A + Bx + Cx2 + Dx3 + Ex4

                                                              r-0.999996
                                                              Conitants:        A- -0.011101
                                                              B-1.253540      C> 0.004333
                                                              0-0.037326      E-O.OOOOOO
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:
                     Devon VonFeldt

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        Scott Specialty  Gases
                                 RATA CLASS
                                 Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD.LONGMONT.CO 80501
                                Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY:  Interference Free   EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT.CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
P.O. No.: P165299
Project No.:  08-52254-033
Customer
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceabllity Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       AAL14777          Certification Date:       1/15/99         Exp. Date:    1/15/2002
 Cylinder Pressure***:   1971  PSIG
                                                                  ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                       CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION        ACCURACY**       TRACEAB1LITY
CARBON DIOXIDE                             9-04    %                +/-1%           NIST
NITROGEN                                           BALANCE
**• Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
•* Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes
  Product certified as+/- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.    EXPIRATION DATE    CYLINDER NUMBER
NTRM 5000 ^ ' '        7/17/01          ALM048931
                         CONCENTRATION
                               5 032 %
             COMPONENT
             C02/N2
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL#
C02/AIA-220/57049701 2

  ANALYZER READINGS
                         DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                               01/15/99
                       ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                       NDIR
                          (Z = Zero Gas   R = Reference Gas   T = Test Gas    r = Correlation Coefficient)
         First Triad Analysis                     Second Triad Analysis                      Calibration Curve
  CARBON DIOXIDE
  Date: 01/15/99  Response Unit: %

  Z1- 0.0020    R1- 5.0490    T1-9.0470

  R2-5.0660 .VXZ2-0.0000    T2-9.0190

  23-0.0170 -• VT3-9.04.30    R3-5.0590

  Avg. Concentration:" j   9.036   %
                                                 Concentration » A + Bx •"• Cx2 + 0x3 + Ex4
                                                 r-0.999996
                                                 Constants:       A--O.011101
                                                 B-1.253540     C- 0.004333

                                                 D-0.037926     E-0.000000
 Special Notes:
  APPROVED BY:
                      Devon VonFeldt

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        Scott  Specialty Gases
                                   RATA CLASS
                                   Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                  Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY:  Interference Free   EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT.CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
  P.O. No.: VERBAL PER GARY
  Project No.: 08-54131-014
Customer
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceabliity Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       ALM008282        Certification Date:       3/03/99         Exp. Date:    3/03/2002
 Cylinder Pressure***:   1862 PSIG
                                                                  ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                       CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION         ACCURACY**       TRACEAB1LITY
CARBON DIOXIDE
NITROGEN
                21.3
       + /- 1 %
NIST
                          BALANCE
•** Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
" Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as +/• 1 % analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.
REFERENCE STANDARD

TYPE/SRM NO. EXPIRATION DATE CYLINDER NUMBER CONCENTRATION COMPONENT
NTRM 1675 1/01/03 ALM008792
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRU MENT/MODEL/SERIAL*
13.96 % C02/N2
DATE LAST CALIBRATED ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
C02/AIA-220/57Q497012
 ANALYZER READINGS
                                                           02/23/99
                                                                                    NDIR
        First Triad Analysis
(Z = ZeroGas  R = Reference Gas   T = Test Gas
                  Second Triad Analysis
 CARBON DIOXIDE
 Date: 03/03/99  Response Unit: %

 21-0.1000    R1-13.850   T1-21.390

 R2-13.910    22-0.0500   T2-21.270

 Z3-0.0300    T3-21.240   R3-13.920

 Avg. Concentration:      21.30    %
         r = Correlation Coefficient)
                     Calibration Curve
                                                   Concentration - A -t- Bx + Cx2 •*• Dx3 + Ex4

                                                   t- 0.999968

                                                   Constants:        A» -0.044800

                                                   8-6.531250      C--2.667969

                                                   D-0.48Z666      E-0.000000
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:
                     Devon VonFeldt

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       Scott  Specialty Gases
                                   RATA CLASS
                                   Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD.LONGMONT.CO 80501
                                  Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
  P.O. No.: VERBAL PER GARY
  Project No.: 08-54131-012
         Customer
         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

         ENERGY LAB
         430 NORTH COLLEGE
         FORT COLLINS CO  80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       ALM062109        Certification Date:       3/02/99         Exp. Date:    3/01/2002
 Cylinder Pressure***:   2010 PSIG
                                                                  ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                       CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION         ACCURACY**       TRACEABILITY
OXYGEN
NITROGEN
                  4.38
%
BALANCE
+ /- 1 %
                                                            NIST
*** Do noi use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
"* Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as + /- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to MIST standards.
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO. EXPIRATION DATE' CYLINDER NUMBER
NTRM 2658 1/02/01 ALM031952
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL*
PARAMAG 02/SERVOMEX/244/701/1446
ANALYZER READINGS
CONCENTRATION
9.680 %
DATE LAST CALIBRATED
02/20/99
COMPONENT
OXYGEN
ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
PARAMAGNETIC
        First Triad Analysis
(2 = ZeroGas  R = Reference Gas   T=TestGas    r = Correlation Coefficient)
                  Second Triad Analysis                      Calibration Curve
 OXYGEN
 Data: 03/02/99  Response Unit: PCT

 Z1-0.0010    R1-4.3800    T1 -9.7000

 R2-9.6700    Z2-0.0010    T2-4.3800

 Z3-0.0019    T3-4.3700    R3-9.6700

 Avg. Concentration:      4.377    %
                                                   Concentration - A + Bx + Cx2 + Ox3 + Ex4

                                                   r- 0.999978

                                                   Constants:       A--0.008155
                                                   B-10.046744     C-0.00000

                                                   D> 0.00000      E-0.00000
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:
                      DIANA BEEHLER

-------
        Scott Specialty  Gases
                                             RATA CLASS
                                             Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                            Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT.CO 80501

 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
             P.O. No.: P1 65299
             Project No.: 08-52254-029
                            Customer
                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                            ENERGY LAB
                            430 NORTH COLLEGE
                            FORT COLLINS CO   80524
 This certification was performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       ALM036531         Certification Date:       1/19/99         Exp. Date:    1/18/2002
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:   1995 PSIG
                                                                 ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                       CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION        ACCURACY**       TRACEABILITY
OXYGEN
NITROGEN
                           12.0
                                   + /- 1 %
                                 NIST
                                    BALANCE
*"* Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig.
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as -*• /- 1 % analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 2659 .. -
EXPIRATION PATE
    1/02/01
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM031719
CONCENTRATION
      20.72 %
COMPONENT
OXYGEN
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL*
PARAMAG 02/SERVOMEX/244/701/1446
 ANALYZER READINGS
                                     DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                           01/12/99
                                                  ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                  PARAMAGNETIC
                          (Z = Zero Gas   R = Reference Gas  T = Test Gas    r = Correlation Coefficient)
        First Triad Analysis                     Second Triad Analysis                      Calibration Curve
 OXYGEN
 Dlte:Oln9/99   Response Unit: PCT
 21-0.0005    R1- 20.720    T1 - 12.030
 R2-20.720  '".Z2-0.0007    T2-12.010
 23-0.0008  .  T3-20.720    R3-12.000
 Avg. Concentration: -4
                  12.02










Concentration a A +
r- 0.999999
Constants:
B- 24.9961 53
O- 0.00000
Bx + Cx2+Dx3+-Ex4

A -43.005293
C- 0.00000
E- 0.00000
Special Notes:
 APPROVED BY:
                     DIANA BEEHLER

-------
        Scott  Specialty Gases
                                                            RATA CLASS
                                                            Dual-Analyzed Calibration Standard
        500 WEAVER PARK RD,LONGMONT,CO 80501
                                                           Phone: 888-253-1635    Fax: 303-772-7673
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCURACY: EPA Protocol Gas
 Assay Laboratory

 SCOTT SPECIALTY GASES
 500 WEAVER PARK RD
 LONGMONT,CO 80501
            ,.t
            " «J
 ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
                           P.O. No.: P165299
                           Project No.:  08-52254-030
                            Customer
                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

                            ENERGY LAB
                            430 NORTH COLLEGE
                            FORT COLLINS CO  80524
 This certificatioawas performed according to EPA Traceability Protocol For Assay & Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards;
 Procedure #G1; September, 1997.
 Cylinder Number:       AAL2794           Certification Date:       1/19/99         Exp. Date:   1/18/2002
 Cylinder Pressure* * *:    1995 PSIG
                                                                  ANALYTICAL
COMPONENT                        CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION         ACCURACY**       TRACEABILITY
OXYGEN
NITROGEN
                                         21.1
                   %
                   BALANCE
                                                                     + /-
                                 NIST
""Do not use when cylinder pressure is below 150 psig
** Analytical accuracy is inclusive of usual known error sources which at least include precision of the measurement processes.
  Product certified as + /- 1% analytical accuracy is directly traceable to NIST standards.	
REFERENCE STANDARD
TYPE/SRM NO.
NTRM 2659 ._•-''
              EXPIRATION DATE
                  1/02/01
CYLINDER NUMBER
ALM031719
CONCENTRATION
      20.72 %
COMPONENT
OXYGEN
INSTRUMENTATION
INSTRUMENT/MODEL/SERIAL*
PARAMAG 02/SERVOMEX/244/701/1446
                                                    DATE LAST CALIBRATED
                                                          01/12/99
                                                   ANALYTICAL PRINCIPLE
                                                   PARAMAGNETIC
 ANALYZER READINGS
                          (Z = Zero Gas   R = Reference Gas   T = TestGas    r = Correlation Coefficient)
         First Triad Analysis                     Second Triad Analysis                      Calibration Curve
  OXYGEN i->.
D»te: 01/19/99   Response Unit: PCT
Z1-0.0005    R1-20.720    T1=21.110
R2-20.720 "  22-0.0007    T2-21.110
Z3-0.0008  • • T3-21.100    R3-20.720
      ---•; .-i
Avg. Concentration: '-%     21.11    %
                                                                              Concentration » A + Bx + Cx2 •*• Dx3 + Ex4
                                                                              r-0.999999
                                                                              Constants:        A.-0.005293
                                                                              B-24.996153     C-0.00000
                                                                              D> 0.00000      E-0.00000
 Special Notes:
  APPROVED BY:
                      DIANA BEEHLER

-------
Scott Specialty Gases
	Slfrl  EASTOW ROAD, DLDC
                                               PO BOX 310
    jped
 From:
       PLUMSTEADVILLE
       Phone:  215-766-8861

        CERTIFICATE
PA  18949-0310
                                    O F
              Fax:  215-766-2070

         ANALYS  IS
 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
 PO # 814671
 ENERGY LAB
 430 NORTH COLLEGE
 FORT COLLINS              CO
                          80524
                                           PROJECT #: 01-14795-002
                                           P0#: 814671
                                           ITEM #: 0102F2002304AL
                                           DATE:  3/17/99
   CYLINDER #:  ALM018968
   FILL PRESSURE:   2015 PSIA
                             ANALYTICAL ACCURACY: +/-5%
                             PRODUCT EXPIRATION:   9/19/1999
   BLEND TYPE

COMPONENT
FORMALDEHYDE
NITROGEN
           CERTIFIED MASTER GAS
                              'REQUESTED GAS
                                CONC MOLES
                      ANALYSIS
                        (MOLES)
                               10.
           PPM
           BALANCE
10 .66
PPM
BALANCE
 ANALYST -.
           CHRIS ABER'

-------
     Scott Specialty Gases
   Tpped
 From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT              CO  80501
Phone: 888-253-1635

 CERTIFICATE   OF
                                                Fax:  303-772-7673

                                           ANALYSIS
 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

 ENERGY LAB
 430 NORTH COLLEGE
 FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                     PROJECT #:  08-54127-002
                                     P0#:  VERBAL PER GARY
                                     ITEM #: 0802N0005201XL
                                     DATE:  3/02/99
   CYLINDER #: PGS9650
   FILL PRESSURE:  232 PSIG
                       ANALYTICAL ACCURACY:
                       PRODUCT EXPIRATION:
   BLEND TYPE :  GRAVIMETRIC MASTER GAS
COMPONENT
N-BUTANE
CARBON DIOXIDE
ETHANE
N-HEXANE
ISOBUTANE
ISOPENTANE
NITROGEN
N-PENTANE
PROPANE
METHANE

 CGA 510
                        REQUESTED GAS
                          CONC MOLES
                           .2    %
                          2 .
                          4 .
                           .2
                           .2
                           .2
                          2.
                           .2
                          1.
                                 BALANCE
                     3/02/2000
                    ANALYSIS
                      (MOLES)
                    0.200  %
                    2 . 00   %
                    4. 00   %
                    0.200  %
                    0.201  %
                    0.200  %
                    1. 98   %
                    0.200  %
                    1. 00   %
    232 PSIA
GRAVIMETRICALLY PREPARED
                           BALANCE
 EXPOSURE TO TEMPERATURE BELOW 32 DEC F MAY CAUSE
 COMPONENTS TO LIQUIFY.  KEEP CYLINDER ABOVE 70 DEG F FOR
 1-2 DAYS OR HEAT FOR 1-2 HOURS.  ROLL CYLINDER FOR 15
 MINUTES BEFORE USING.
 ************************************************************
 DO NOT HEAT ABOVE 120 DEG F.
 ALWAYS USE ADEQUATE TEMPERATURE CONTROL.
 ************************************************************
 ANALYST:
       M
                                      NIST TRACEABILITY: BY WEIGHTS
           VIRGINIA CHANDLER

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
   Dped
From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT              CO   80501
Phone: 888-253-1635

 CERTIFICATE   OF
                                              Fax: 303-772-7673

                                         ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
                                    PROJECT #: 08-52623-005
                                    P0#: DP0763155
                                    ITEM #: 0801817     A
                                    DATE:  1/13/99
               CO  80524
  CYLINDER #:  XA9251
  FILL PRESSURE:   2200  PSIG
PURE MATERIAL:  NITROGEN

GRADE:            HIGH PURITY

PURITY:  99.99%
                                   CAS# 7727-37-9
CGA 580
      2200 PSIG
ANALYST:
          WAYNE JOHNSON
         "so:

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT
Phone: 888-253-1635
CO  80501
                                               Fax:  303-772-7673

            CERTIFICATE   OF   ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                     PROJECT  #:  08-52623-004
                                     P0#:  DP0763155
                                     ITEM  #:  0801809     A
                                     DATE:  1/13/99
  CYLINDER #: 1A022741
  FILL PRESSURE:  2200 PSIG
PURE MATERIAL:  NITROGEN

GRADE:            ULTRA-HI PURITY

PURITY:  99.9995%
                                    CAS#  7727-37-9
            IMPURITY
           THC
           O2
           CO
           C02
           H20
                  MAXIMUM
                 CONCENTRATIONS
                 0.5 PPM
                 0.5 PPM
                 1 PPM
                 1 PPM
                 2 PPM
                   ACTUAL
                  CONCENTRATIONS
                  < 0.5 PPM
                  < 0.5 PPM
                  < 1 PPM
                  < 1 PPM
                  < 2 PPM
CGA 580
          2200 PSIG
ANALYST:
                        ^w
                        ' •^"'l/tf //TV
          WAYNE JOHNSON

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
   sped
From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT              CO   80501
Phone: 888-253-1635

 CERTIFICATE   OF
                                              Fax: 303-772-7673

                                         ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
                                    PROJECT #: 08-52623-004
                                    P0#: DP0763155
                                    ITEM #: 0801809     A
                                    DATE:  1/13/99
               CO  80524
  CYLINDER #:  1A013516
  FILL PRESSURE:   2200  PSIG
PURE MATERIAL:  NITROGEN

GRADE:            ULTRA-HI  PURITY
                                   CAS# 7727-37-9
PURITY:  99.9995%
            IMPURITY
           THC
           02
           CO
           C02
           H2O
                  MAXIMUM
                 CONCENTRATIONS
                 0
                 0
  PPM
  PPM
                 1 PPM
                 1
                 2
PPM
PPM
 ACTUAL
CONCENTRATIONS
< 0.5 PPM
< 0.5 PPM
< 1 PPM
< 1 PPM
< 2 PPM
CGA 580
          2200 PSIG
ANALYST:
           (J.
          WAYNE'JOHNSON

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
   iped
From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT
Phone:  888-253-1635
   CO   80501
                                              Fax: 303-772-7673

            CERTIFICATE   OF   ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                     PROJECT #: 08-52623-004
                                     P0#: DP0763155
                                     ITEM #: 0801809     A
                                     DATE:  1/13/99
  CYLINDER #:  1A014410
  FILL PRESSURE:   2200 PSIG
PURE MATERIAL:  NITROGEN

GRADE:            ULTRA-HI PURITY

PURITY:  99.9995%
                                    CAS#  7727-37-9
            IMPURITY
           THC
           02
           CO
           C02
           H20
                  MAXIMUM
                 CONCENTRATIONS
                 0
                 0.
                 1
                 1
                 2
  PPM
  PPM
PPM
PPM
PPM
 ACTUAL
CONCENTRATIONS
< 0.5 PPM
< 0.5 PPM
< 1 PPM
< 1 PPM
< 2 PPM
CGA 580
           2200 PSIG
ANALYST:
          WAYNE JOHNSON

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT
Phone: 888-253-1635
CO  80501
                                              Fax: 303-772-7673

            CERTIFICATE    OF   ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                     PROJECT  #:  08-52623-003
                                     P0#: DP0763155
                                     ITEM #:  0801022     A
                                     DATE:  1/13/99
  CYLINDER #:  XA6046
  FILL PRESSURE:   2200 PSIG
PURE MATERIAL:  AIR

GRADE:            HYDROCARBONFREE
                                    CAS#  132259-10-0
            IMPURITY
           02  CONTENT
           CO
           C02
           H2O
           THC(CH4)
                  MAXIMUM
                 CONCENTRATIONS
                 20 TO 21%
                 0.5PPM
                 1PPM
                 5PPM
                 0.1PPM
                   ACTUAL
                  CONCENTRATIONS
                  = 20  TO 21%
                  < 0.5 PPM
                  < 1 PPM
                  < 5 PPM
                  < 0.1 PPM
CGA 590
      2200 PSIG
ANALYST:
          WAYNE JOHNSO:

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
   sped
From :
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT
Phone: 888-253-1635
CO  80501
            CERTIFICATE
                         O F
              Fax:  303-772-7673

         ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                     PROJECT #:  08-52623-003
                                     P0#: DP0763155
                                     ITEM #: 0801022     A
                                     DATE:  1/13/99
  CYLINDER #:  A021890
  FILL PRESSURE:   2200 PSIG
PURE MATERIAL:  AIR

GRADE:            KYDROCARBONFREE
                                    CAS#  132259-10-0
            IMPURITY
           O2 CONTENT
           CO
           C02
           H2O
           THC(CH4)
                  MAXIMUM
                 CONCENTRATIONS
                 20 TO 21%
                 0.5PPM
                 1PPM
                 5PPM
                 0.1PPM
                   ACTUAL
                  CONCENTRATIONS
                  = 20 TO 21%
                  < 0.5 PPM
                  < 1 PPM
                  < 5 PPM
                  < 0.1 PPM
 CGA 590
       2200  PSIG
 ANALYST:

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
   sped
From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT              CO   80501
Phone: 888-253-1635

 CERTIFICATE   OF
                                              Fax: 303-772-7673

                                         ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                    PROJECT #: 08-52623-003
                                    P0#: DP0763155
                                    ITEM #: 0801022     A
                                    DATE:  1/13/99
  CYLINDER #:  XA5689
  FILL PRESSURE:  2200 PSIG
PURE MATERIAL: AIR

GRADE:            HYDROCARBONFREE
                                    CASH  132259-10-0
            IMPURITY
           02 CONTENT
           CO
           C02
           H20
           THC(CH4)
                  MAXIMUM
                 CONCENTRATIONS
                 20 TO 21%
                 0.5PPM
                 1PPM
                 5PPM
                 0.1PPM
 ACTUAL
CONCENTRATIONS
= 20 TO 21%
< 0.5 PPM
< 1 PPM
< 5 PPM
< 0 . 1 PPM
 CGA  590
       2200 PSIG
 ANALYST:
          WAYNE JOHNSON

-------
       Scott Specialty Gases
                  CHECK CLASS
                  Noncertified Calibration Standard
       suu wtAvti-rrAflK RD,UJNGMUNT,T;O ouooi
                                                Phone: 8o8-^b3-i635
                                Fax: 303-772-7673
CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMANCE:  Check Class Calibration Standard
Product Information
Project No.: 08-52623-001
Item No.:  08023333  YA
P.O. No.:  DP0763155
Folio #:
Cylinder Number: 1A8708
Cylinder Size: A
Certification Date:   1/12/1999
                 Customer

                 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                 ENERGY LAB
                 430 NORTH COLLEGE
                 FORT COLLINS, CO  80524
CERTIFIED CONCENTRATION

Component Name

OXYGEN
NITROGEN
Concentration
 (Moles)
  40.
            Accuracy
%
BALANCE
APPROVED BY:
                                                         DATE:

-------
     Scott Specialty Gases
    Dped
 From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT
Phone: 888-253-1635
                                 CO  80501
                                               Fax:  303-772-7673

             CERTIFICATE   OF   ANALYSIS
 COLORADO  STATE UNIVERSITY

 ENERGY  LAB
 430  NORTH COLLEGE
 FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                    PROJECT #: 08-54125-001
                                    P0#: VERBAL PER GARY
                                    ITEM #: 080153501   AL
                                    DATE:  2/16/99
   CYLINDER #: ALM035715
   FILL PRESSURE:  2000 PSIG
 PURE MATERIAL: HELIUM

 GRADE:           NGG1

 PURITY: 99.999%
                                   CAS# 7440-59-7
CGA 580
      2000 PSIG
ANALYST:
          WAYNE ffOHNSO:
          f
           U--t.

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
jsrtpped
From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT              CO   80501
Phone: 888-253-1635

 CERTIFICATE   OF
                                              Fax: 303-772-7673

                                         ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                    PROJECT #: 08-54125-001
                                    P0#: VERBAL PER GARY
                                    ITEM #: 080153501   AL
                                    DATE:  2/16/99
  CYLINDER #:  ALM022162
  FILL PRESSURE:  2000 PSIG
PURE MATERIAL: HELIUM

GRADE:            NGG1

PURITY: 99.999%
                                    CAS#  7440-59-7
 CGA 580
        2000  PSIG

 ANALYST:
           WAYNE JOHNSCjN

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
   jped
From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT
Phone: 888-253-1635

 CERTIFICATE
CO  80501
                                   O F
              Fax:  303-772-7673

         ANALYS I  S
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                     PROJECT #: 08-54125-002
                                     P0#: VERBAL PER GARY
                                     ITEM #: 0801543     AL
                                     DATE:  2/16/99
  CYLINDER #:  ALM044013
  FILL PRESSURE:   2000  PSIG
PURE MATERIAL:  HYDROGEN

GRADE:            ZERO GAS

PURITY:  99.99%


            IMPURITY
           THC
                                    CAS#  1333-74-0
                  MAXIMUM
                 CONCENTRATIONS
                 0.5 PPM
                   ACTUAL
                  CONCENTRATIONS
                  < 0.5 PPM
CGA 350
       '2000 PSIG
ANALYST:
          WAYNKJOHNSON

-------
    Scott Specialty Gases
From :
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT
Phone: 888-253-1635

 CERTIFICATE
CO  80501
                                   O F
              Fax:  303-772-7673

         ANALYSIS
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

ENERGY LAB
430 NORTH COLLEGE
FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                    PROJECT #: 08-54125-002
                                    P0#: VERBAL PER GARY
                                    ITEM #: 0801543     AL
                                    DATE:  2/16/99
  CYLINDER #:  ALM007853
  FILL PRESSURE:   2000  PSIG
PURE MATERIAL:  HYDROGEN

GRADE:            ZERO GAS

PURITY: 99.99%


            IMPURITY
           THC
                                   CAS# 1333-74-0
                  MAXIMUM
                 CONCENTRATIONS
                 0.5  PPM
                   ACTUAL
                  CONCENTRATIONS
                  < 0.5  PPM
 CGA  350
       2000 PSIG
 ANALYST:
          WAYNE JOHNS0N

-------
     Scott Specialty Gases
            500  WEAVER PARK RD
            LONGMONT             CO  80501
            Phone:  888-253-1635

             CERTIFICATE   OF
                               Fax: 303-772-7673

                          ANALYSIS
 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

 ENERGY LAB
 430 NORTH COLLEGE
 FORT COLLINS
                                PROJECT #: 08-52623-002
                                P0#: DP0763155
                                ITEM #: 08022333   5A
                                DATE:  1/12/99
           CO  80524
   CYLINDER #:  1C1367
   FILL PRESSURE:   2255  PSIG
                   ANALYTICAL ACCURACY: +/-2%
                   PRODUCT  EXPIRATION:   1/08/2002
   BLEND TYPE
COMPONENT
HYDROGEN
HELIUM
CERTIFIED WORKING STD
                    REQUESTED  GAS
                      CONC MOLES
                     40 .
 ANALYSIS
   (MOLES)
40.0    %
                           ,  BALANCE
        BALANCE
 CGA 350
     2255 PSIG
 ANALYST:
             2VE SHOCKITES

-------
     Scott Specialty Gases
    Dped
 From:
500 WEAVER PARK RD
LONGMONT              CO  80501
Phone: 888-253-1635

 CERTIFICATE   OF
                                               Fax: 303-772-7673

                                          ANALYSIS
 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

 ENERGY LAB
 430 NORTH COLLEGE
 FORT COLLINS
               CO  80524
                                    PROJECT #: 08-52623-002
                                    P0#: DP0763155
                                    ITEM #: 08022333    5A
                                    DATE:  1/12/99
   CYLINDER #:  A2171
   FILL PRESSURE:   2248  PSIG
                       ANALYTICAL ACCURACY: +/-2%
                       PRODUCT  EXPIRATION:    1/08/2002
   BLEND TYPE
COMPONENT
HYDROGEN
HELIUM
    CERTIFIED WORKING STD
                        REQUESTED GAS
                          CONC MOLES
                         40.
 ANALYSIS
   (MOLES)
39.9    %
                                 BALANCE
        BALANCE
  CGA  350
          2248  PSIG
  ANALYS T.-
            STEVE SHOCKITES

-------
                                                        COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                   APPENDIX I


               BASELINE METHANE/NON-METHANE ANALYZER
Emissions Testing                                                  Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                              Page 1 of 6
              1030H SOURCE METHANE/NON-METHANE
                     BASELINE FINAL TEST PROCEDURE
ORDER:   |                    CSU                    I

A         VISUAL INSPECTION
        1 Visual check per BLI Quality Assurance standards.
        2 All cable connections secure and not damaged.
        3 All solder connections clean, no cold solder joints.
        4 Power cord and back panel plumbing fittings are provided.
        5 All PC boards are serialized, with matching test slips in the unit file.
        6 Verify plumbing according to attached application document.
        7 Verify options according to attached engineering  document.
        8 Prior work order routings signed and completed.
B         FUNCTIONAL CHECK
        1 470 ohm resistors correct.
        2 Air and H2 regulators turn and lock correctly, gauges reflect pressure change.
        3 Range switches function correctly.
        4 Signal selection switch set to two position and centered on panel.
        5 Power, Pump, Zero,  and H2 switches work correctly.
        6 Span pots turn easily and are set correctly
          MOTHERBOARD
        1 AC Power supply wired for correct source(110V/220V).
        2 -5V,  + 15VISO, and -15V regulator isolated from chassis ground.
        3 Ignite button jumps cut.(For Auto Ignite Option)
        4 Confirm orientation on all capacitors.
                                                                 SERIAL #:
                   1322
                                                                   110V
                                  11.97
  ELECTRICAL CHECK
1 AC  transformer voltages checked at J11.
2 DC regulator voltages checked at motherboard
  a          +12VDC
  b          -5VDC =
  c          15VDC =
  d         -15VDC =
  e          15V ISO =
  f
                     + 5 VDC =
                                  -5.05
                                   14.9
                                  -15.29
                                  15.25
        3 Collector Voltage checked at E2
          a              -150V supply =
          b              -15V supply =
          c             Custom supply =

          OPTIONS INSTALLED
              OK
              OK
             OK
             OK
             OK
            Custom Collector Voltage Board
            Jumper selectable Collector Voltage
            Secondary trim pot on Amp board at P1
            Dual 4-20mA Modules
            0-1V to 0-10V converters(on each 4-20mA module)
      Auto Ignite
Dual Range switch

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                Page 2 of 6
          INTERFACE BOARD INSTALLATION
        1 Install interface board on an extender card in slot 4
        2 Place unit in "manual" mode, enter the logic codes listed below.
        3 Check the voltages at the pins indicated.
             Pin #
REST
LOGIC
RESET
VOLTS
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
20
22
L
N
P
S
U
V
0 VDC
OVDC
0 VDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
5 VDC
OVDC
5 VDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
5 VDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
01
11
21
31
41
51
61
XI
15 or 25 & X1
X1
33
55
13
23
45
25
15
X5
65
35
X1
03
05
XX,00
XX.OO
XX.OO
XX.OO
XX.OO
XX.OO
XX.OO
00
16,26,00
00
XX.OO
XX.OO
14,00
24,00
46,00
26,00
16,00
00
XX, 00
XX.OO
00
04,00
06,00
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
OVDC
15 VDC (unloaded)
OVDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
1 5 VDC (unloaded)
1 5 VDC (unloaded)
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
OVDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
15 VDC (unloaded)
5 VDC
5 VDC
        4 Remove the extender card and replace the interface board in slot 4.

G         AMPLIFIER BOARD INSTALLATION
        1 Plug the amplifier board on the extender card in slot 7.
        2 Clip a jumper between the bottom side of R4 and the upper right pin
          on the detector plug matrix.(DET 1)
        3 In the MANUAL mode enter code OO(reset).
        4 Set the RANGES to 2, the SPAN pots to 10,  and the SIGNAL to Methane.
special    Set the Dual Range (HIGH/LOW) switch to LOW.
        5 Adjust the voltage at pin  10 of U2  to O.OmVDC with P2.
special    Adjust the voltage at pin  12 of U2  to O.OmVDC with P1.
        6 Enter code 01 (enable detector 1  signal out).
        7 Adjust the voltage at pin  12 of U4  to O.OmVDC with P4.
        8 Enter code OO(reset).
        9 Adjust the voltage at pin  10 of U8  to O.OmVDC with P12.
       10 Adjust the voltage at pin  12 of U8  to O.OmVDC with P13.
       11 Enter code 01 and 05(SPAN).
       12 Adjust the voltage at pin  10 of U8  to 1.00VDC with P3.
       13 Remove the jumper and plug the ribbon cable into the electrometer.
       14 Remove the extender card and replace the Amplifier board in slot 7.

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                                          Page 3 of 6
H
  AUTO IGNITE BOARD CHECK
1 Make sure programmed PAL chip is in position  U3 on the Auto Ignite board.
2 Adjust the voltage at test point 1 to 3.00V with P1.
3 Attach auto ignite test fixture to test points 1-12.
4 Adjust P2 until diode 10(occilation  frequency) turns on every 10 seconds.
5 Turn unit off, then on to reset. Diodes 6-9 on the test fixture should step
  through  a binary count sequence, with diode 4(coil on) lighting every other step.
6 Diode 5(H2 Shutoff) should remain lit until a binary count of 10.
  Afterwards, diode 5 should respond to the front panel H2 ON/OFF switch
  and diode 4(coil on) should respond to the Ignite button.
7 Short terminal 7 on the  back panel  to ground. The sequence should reset.

  SAMPLE PUMP SETUP
1 Turn on  the pump with the front panel switch.
2 Check that the fittings and lines are not vibrating against the case as they
  pass through the oven wall.
3 Check that the internal lines are not vibrating against each other.
4 If vibration is a problem, adjust the pump shock mount spacing.

  TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER SETUP
1 Access the setup menu  on the Watlow temperature controller  by pressing
  the UP and DOWN keys simultaneously for three seconds.
2 Use the  UP/DOWN  keys to change  variables within a selection and the
  M(mode) key to advance to the next selection.
3 The normal values used by MSA-Baseline are:
LOG
In
dEC
C F
0
H
0
C
rL
rH
Ot 1
HSC
-200
1250
ht
2
Ot2
HSA
LAt
SIL
dEA
2
nLA
OFF
rtd
rP
rt
PL
void
OFF
void
100
        4 Access the operation menu by pressing the M(mode) key.
        5 Use the UP/DOWN keys to change variables within a selection and the
          M(mode) key to advance to the next selection.
        6 The normal values used by MSA-Baseline are:
Pb1
rE1
rA1
3
0.15
0.33
Ct1
Pb2
rE2
5
void
void
rA2
Ct2
ALO
void
void
-25
ALH
CAL
AUt
25
-20
0
         7 Note: Most values in the operation menu will set themselves by setting the
           AUt selection to 2.  See the Watlow Manual for more information.
         8 Use the UP/DOWN keys to select a set point. Normally set at 200.
         9 Monitor oven temperature with an external temperature probe. You will
           have to adjust the CAL value in the operation menu so that the Watlow
           controllers Temp. Read matches the external probe.
       11  After athe temperature has stabilized,  note the final value.
           Watlow Display        Oven Chamber           CAL Value
               SET=|    200   I      MAIN =
             READ=    200            FID =
                                                            CAL =
-18

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                                        Page 4 of 6
J
special
special
   INTEGRATOR BOARD TEST
   Set integrator board dip switch to 4(may have to be adjusted w/custom ranges)
special
special
special
special
special
 1 Note dip switch setting
 2 Set signal switch to Methane and the methane Range to 50.
   Set the Dual Range switch to LOW
 3 Enter code 00, 05, 01. Wait 50 seconds. Enter code 02.
 4 Adjust the methane span pot until the display reads 50.0
      Change the range to 20, display should read 20.0
      Change the range to 10, display should read 10.0
      Change the range to 5, display should read 5.00
      Change the range to 2, display should read 2.00
   Note methane span pot setting
   Note: When a multiplication factor is involved on an instrument,
   multiply both the range and the display by the same amount.
   For example, a range of 50ppm (x10) is  500ppm, and the display of
   50.0 (x10) is also 500.
 5 Attach volt meter between pin 5(methane out) and pin 1 (methane iso-ground).
   Output should be 20.0  mA(w/4-20mA module) or 1.000V.           |     1
 7 Change the methane range back to 50.
 8 Enter code 00, 05, 01.  Wait 25 seconds. Enter code 02.
 9 Value displayed should  be 25.0
   Output at pin 5 should be 12.0mA(w/4-20mA module) or 0.500V.
11 Set the signal switch to Non-Methane.
12 Enter code 00, 05, 11.  Wait 50 seconds. Enter code 12.
13 Adjust the non-methane span pot until the display reads 50.0
      Change the range to 20, display should read 20.0
      Change the range to 10, display should read 10.0
      Change the range to 5, display should read 5.00
      Change the range to 2, display should read 2.00
   Output should be 20.0mA(w/4-20mA module) or1.000 VDC.
16 Change the non-methane range back to 50.
17 Enter code 00, 05, 11. Wait 25 seconds. Enter code 12.
18 Value displayed should be 25.0
   Output at pin 5 should be 12mA(w/4-20mA module) orO.500 VDC.
19 Note non methane span pot setting.
K
   4-20mA OUTPUT OPTION (Methane)

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                                   Page 5 of 6
           Note: check all values below at the 4-20mA modules mounted on the instruments
           left side panel
         1  Check for AC line voltage on dual 20V module.
         2 Check U1 20V output
         3 Check U2 20V output
         4 Check 0-10V signal in at U on the mA module.
         5 Check 4-20mA output between  T (gnd) and I (signal) on the same side .
         6 Indicate exaxt results using the span signal as the input.
                                    input	output
OO.OmV
10.11V
4.05
20.02
special
   Check that the x10V board is operating correctlylpin 4  = 0-1V in, pin 3
   (Non-Methane)
 7 Check for AC line voltage on dual 20V module.
 8 Check U1 20V output
 9 Check U2 20V output
10 Check 0-10V signal in at UE on mA module.
11 Check 4-20mA output between terminal T (gnd) and I (signal) on the same side.
12 Indicate exaxt results using the span signal as the input.
                             input	output
                                         0-10V out)
OO.OmV
10.11V
3.99
20.02
special     Check that the x10V board is operating correctly(pin 4 = 0-1V in, pin 3 = 0-10V out)
           FLOW CALIBRATION
         1  Attach H2 and HCF Air to their respective inlets on the back panel.
           Bottle pressure should be 40PSI in both cases.
           Note: It is common to "T" the Air line to provide pressure for both the
           combustion Air inlet and the SP (valve actuation) inlet.
         2 Attach a flow meter to the outlet side of the built in H2 regulator.
           Adjust the pressure until a flow of 40 cc/min is obtained.
         3 Attach a flow meter to the outlet side of the Air regulator.
           Adjust to pressure until a flow of 200cc/min is obtained.
         4 Note exact results.
                           Air =
                           H2 =
                              27
                              21
        PSIat
        PSIat
                  200
                  40
cc/min.
cc/min
         5 Attach carrier gas to CARRIER IN port, (normally HCF Air or Zero N2)
         6 Adjust carrier gas bottle pressure until a flow of 45cc/min is obtained.
           Note: Flow must be measured at the FID inside the oven. H2 flow must be cut
           prior to measurement, and the temperature must have stabilized at the normal
           operational setting. Normally a bottle pressure of 25 PSI will produce the desired
           flow rate. Use a high temperature flow rate probe.
         7 Note exact results for inject (03) and backflush (04) modes.
                                                         PSI AT BOTTLE     I
M
                 INJECT
            BACKFLUSH
 8 Reopen H2 bottle.
   IGNITE FID
22
                                     22
cc/min
cc/min
    28

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                                        Page 6 of 6
M
special
N
        1 Install FID in the oven. Connect Fuel and Air lines. Make sure the
          extender and chimney locking collars are set tightly.
        2 Attach the electrometer board to the extender as it emerges from
          the oven wall. After checking that the FID ignites, reattach the electrometer
          inside its shield with insulation.
        3 Turn unit off, then on to reset the auto ignite sequence. Check for flame
          by looking for condensation on cold steel at the chimney vent.
        4 Confirm that the ignite LED on the front panel lights when the flame does.
        5 If the flame does not light:
          a          Manually light the flame by holding open the H2 ON/OFF switch
                     and pressing the ignite button.
          b          Try increasing the H2 pressure slightly
          c          Remove the FID chimney and check that the coil is glowing
                     brightly when the ignite button is pressed.
   DISPLAY METER. RANGE. AND SIGNAL OUT TEST
   The Dual Range swith adds a multiplier to the amp board circuit
   prior to the span signal, and so it should have no impact on this test.
 1 Connect the multimeter to back panel terminals number 10(ground)
   and number 3(0 to 100mVDC signal out)
 2 Enter code OO(reset). Ranges set to 2. Signal set to Methane.
 3 Voltage at terminal 3 = 00.0 mVDC.
 5 Enter code 01 (enable output)
 6 Voltage at terminal 3 = 0.0 mVDC.
 7 Enter code 05 (span)'.
 8 Voltage at terminal 3 = 100.0 mVDC.
 9 Range Set to 5. Voltage at terminal 3 = 40.0 mVDC.
11 Range Set to 10. Voltage at terminal 3  = 20.0 mVDC.
12 Range Set to 20. Voltage at terminal 3  = 10.0 mVDC.
14 Range Set to 50. Voltage at terminal 3  = 4.0 mVDC.
15 Enter code OO(reset)
16 Voltage at terminal 2 = 0.000 VDC.
17 Enter code 01 (enable output) and 05(span)
18 Voltage at terminal 2 = 10.0 VDC.
   BURN IN
 1 Let unit run for 48 hours with the sample pump drawing from a zero
   nitrogen stream at a slight overpressure.

   START BURN IN
              Time=[  8:00 AM |
           STOP BURN IN
              Time = I  8:00 AMI
                               Date = |  12/28/98|
                                                                          CODE 01    CODE 11
                                                                          Actual Values Found
100
39.8
20
10
04.0
100
37.8
20
9.9
3.9
                                                                             05.0
                                                                            10.07
                               Date = |  12/31/98|
 COMPLETED BY
I         AFN

-------
12/31/98
1030H SOURCE METHANE / NON-METHANE
BASELINE APPLICATION DATA SHEET
ORDER:



























Ranges
Columns



Sample lo
. — - " --- .

Program















CSU

COLLECTOR VOLTAGE:



C1
C2

QB.

S1

Step
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08

99




Low
high




-15.18
-99.8




SERIAL #:

DETECTOR:

DUAL(x100)200,500,1000,2000,5000{x1000)2K,5K,10K,20K,50K
Part #
SC001020
SC001021
Arangement:


Material
3S unibeads
1 S unibeads
tubing
6' x 1/8" SS
5' x 1/8" SS






Port 7 on the valve to C2 to C1 to Port 6 on the valve


10.7" x,085 I.D. SS

Time
oeiso
oerTT"
04-^93 —
04*53—
•Q&Q&-
•63.30 ~
04:30~
tWT^F
-©4:50-

-00*65-

LINEARITY TEST (LOW)
50(x100) range










peak
1
3

Code
03 Q 0 tf 0
L15 00 if
01 Q( / 9
02 £(37
04 $ i v 6
1 1 0 3t <
12 Q *,£4
00 £?>!,<>'
99 0 3 
-------
            csu
      UNIT:     1030H M/N
      SERIAL 0       1322
 DATE  12/31/98   BY   A.N.
Separation Test
     1 5000 ppm Methane
     2 5000 ppm Propane
     3       1 % Methane
     4       1% Propane
      BALANCE HCF Air
  	high range	
FLOW SETTINGS
  PSI    STREAM
   27 AIR
   21 H2
   28 Carier Inj.
 RATE
 200 cc/min
  40 cc/min
  22 cc/min
   28 Carrier Bk.   22 cc/min
TRIM POT SETTINGS
Methane        5.89
Non-Methane    2.26
ELECTROMETER
    1 MEGOHM
    1 MICROFARAD
    1 SECT.C.
10K/100KatR6
normal zero circuit
OVEN TEMPERATURES
TYPE: WATLOW
  200 SET
  200 READ
198.4°C        MAIN OVEN
                 -18 CAL
DETECTOR
      TYPE:    FID
COLLECTOR VOLTS:
        -99.8
RANGE
Methane
50000 ppm
50 POSITION
(xlOOO)
Non-Methane
50000 ppm
50 POSITION
CHART REC. SETTINGS

-------
        UNIT:
        SERIAL*
  DATE 12/31/98
                 1030H M/N
                      1322
                   BY  A.N.
  Separation Test
      1  500 ppm   Methane
      2  500 ppm   Propane
      3  BOOOppm  Methane
      4  5000ppm  Propane
        BALANCE HCF Air
          low range
 FLOW SETTINGS
   PSr    STREAM
    27 AIR
    21 H2
    28 Carier Inj.
    28 Carrier Bk.
 TRIM POT SETTINGS
 Methane        6.10
 Non-Methane     2.31
                 RATE
                 200 cc/min
                  40 cc/min
                  22 cc/min
                  22 cc/min
 ELECTROMETER
     1 MEGOHM
     1 MICROFARAD
     1 SECT.C.
 10K/100KatR6
 normal zero circuit
 OVEN TEMPERATURES
 TYPE:  WATLOW
   200 SET
   200 READ
 198.4°C         MAIN OVEN
                 -18 CAL
DETECTOR
      TYPE :    FID
COLLECTOR VOLTS:
                         -15
RANGE
Methane
5000 ppm
50 POSITION
               (x100)
               Non-Methane
               5000 ppm
               50 POSITION
CHART REC. SETTINGS
SPEED:   .         5 mm/min
FULL SCALE:     1 0OmV

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                                      Page 1 of 6
                                                                        SERIAL #:
              1030H SOURCE METHANE/NON-METHANE
           	BASELINE FINAL TEST PROCEDURE
ORDER:   |                    CSU                  1

A         VISUAL INSPECTION
        1 Visual check per BLI Quality Assurance standards.
        2 All cable connections secure and not damaged.
        3 All solder connections clean, no cold solder joints.
        4 Power cord and back panel plumbing finings are provided.
        5 All PC boards are serialized, with matching test slips in the unit file.
        6 Verify plumbing according to attached application document.
        7 Verify options according to attached engineering document.
        8 Prior work order routings signed and completed.
B         FUNCTIONAL CHECK
        1 470 ohm resistors correct.
        2 Air and H2 regulators turn and lock correctly, gauges reflect pressure change.
        3 Range switches function correctly.
        4 Signal selection switch set to two position and centered on panel.
        5 Power, Pump, Zero,  and H2 switches work correctly.
        6 Span pots turn easily and are set correctly
          MOTHERBOARD
        1 AC Power supply wired for correct sourced 10V/220V).
        2 -5V,  + 15VISO, and -15V regulator isolated from chassis ground.
        3 Ignite button jumps cut.(For Auto Ignite Option)
        4 Confirm orientation on all capacitors.
                                                                            1321
                                                                          110V
          a
          b
          c
          d
          e
          f
                                  11.82
  ELECTRICAL CHECK
1 AC  transformer voltages checked at J11.
2 DC regulator voltages checked at motherboard
             +12VDC
             -5 VDC =
             15 VDC •
             -15 VDC =
             15V ISO =
             + 5 VDC =
                                   -5.02
                                   14.94
                                  -15.17
                                   15.01
        3 Collector Voltage checked at E2
          a              -150V supply =
          b               -15V supply =
          c              Custom supply =

          OPTIONS INSTALLED
              OK
              OK
              OK
              OK
              OK
                     Custom Collector Voltage Board
                     Jumper selectable Collector Voltage
                     Secondary trim pot on Amp board at P1
                     Dual 4-20mA Modules
                     0-1V to 0-10V converters(on each 4-20mA module)
                                                                Auto Ignite
                                                         Dual Range switch

-------
    12/31/98
                                                     Page 2 of 6
          INTERFACE BOARD INSTALLATION
        1 Install interface board on an extender card in slot 4
        2 Place unit in "manual" mode, enter the logic codes listed below.
        3 Check the voltages at the pins indicated.
                       REST
LOGIC
RESET
VOLTS
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
20
22
L
N
P
S
U
V
0 VDC
OVDC
0 VDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
5 VDC
OVDC
5 VDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
5 VDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
OVDC
01
11
21
31
41
51
61
X1
15 or 25 &X1
X1
33
55
13
23
45
25
15
X5
65
35
X1
03
05
XX,00
XX,00
XX,00
XX, 00
XX.OO
XX,00
xx,oo
00
16,26,00
00
XX.OO
XX,00
14,00
24,00
46,00
26,00
16,00
00
XX,00
XX,00
00
04,00
06,00
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
OVDC
1 5 VDC (unloaded)
OVDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
15 VDC (unloaded)
15 VDC (unloaded)
5 VDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
OVDC
5 VDC
5 VDC
15 VDC (unloaded)
5 VDC
5 VDC
        4 Remove the extender card and replace the interface board in slot 4.

G         AMPLIFIER BOARD INSTALLATION
        1 Plug the amplifier board on the extender card in slot 7.
        2 Clip a jumper between the bottom side of R4 and the upper right pin
          on the detector plug matrix.(DET  1)
        3 In the MANUAL mode enter code OO(reset).
        4 Set the RANGES to 2, the SPAN pots to 10, and the SIGNAL to Methane.
special    Set the Dual Range (HIGH/LOW) switch to LOW.
        5 Adjust the voltage at pin 10 of U2 to O.OmVDC with P2.
special    Adjust the voltage at pin 12 of U2 to O.OmVDC with P1.
        6 Enter code 01 (enable detector 1  signal out).
        7 Adjust the voltage at pin 12 of U4 to O.OmVDC with P4.
        8 Enter code OO(reset).
        9 Adjust the voltage at pin 10 of US to O.OmVDC with P12.
       10 Adjust the voltage at pin 12 of U8 to O.OmVDC with P13.
       11 Enter code 01 and 05(SPAN).
       12 Adjust the voltage at pin 10 of U8 to 1 .OOVDC with P3.
       13 Remove the jumper and plug the ribbon cable into the electrometer.
       14 Remove the extender card and replace the Amplifier board in slot 7.

-------
    12/31/98
                     Page 3 of 6
H         AUTO IGNITE BOARD CHECK
         1 Make sure programmed PAL chip is in position  U3 on the Auto Ignite board.
         2 Adjust the voltage at test point 1 to 3.00V with P1.
         3 Attach auto ignite test fixture to test points 1-12.
         4 Adjust P2 until diode 10(occilation frequency) turns on every 10 seconds.
         5 Turn unit off, then on to reset. Diodes 6-9 on the test fixture should step
          through a binary count sequence, with diode 4(coil on) lighting every other step.
         6 Diode 5(H2  Shutoff) should remain lit until a binary count of 10.
          Afterwards, diode 5 should respond to the front panel H2 ON/OFF switch
          and diode 4(coil on) should respond to the Ignite button.
         7 Short terminal 7 on the back panel to ground. The sequence should reset.

I          SAMPLE PUMP SETUP
         1 Turn on the pump with the front panel switch.
         2 Check that the fittings and lines  are not vibrating against the case as they
          pass through the oven wall.
         3 Check that the internal lines are not vibrating against each other.
         4 If vibration is a problem, adjust the pump shock mount spacing.

I          TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER SETUP
         1 Access the setup menu on the Watlow temperature controller by pressing
          the UP and DOWN keys simultaneously for three seconds.
         2 Use the UP/DOWN keys to change variables within a selection and the
          M(mode) key to advance to the next selection.
         3 The normal values used by MSA-Baseline are:
LOC
In
dEC
C F
0
H
0
C
rl_
rH
Ot 1
HSC
-200
1250
ht
2
Ot2
HSA
LAt
SIL
dEA
2
nl_A
OFF
rtd
rP
rt
PL
void
OFF
void
100
         4 Access the operation menu by pressing the M(mode) key.
         5 Use the UP/DOWN keys to change variables within a selection and the
           M(mode) key to advance to the next selection.
         6 The normal values used by MSA-Baseline are:
Pb1
rE1
rA1
3
0.15
0.33
Ct1
Pb2
rE2
5
void
void
rA2
Ct2
ALO
void
void
-25
ALH
CAL
AUt
25
-20
0
         7 Note: Most values in the operation menu will set themselves by setting the
           AUt selection to 2. See the Watlow Manual for more information.
         8 Use the UP/DOWN keys to select a set point. Normally set at 200.
         9 Monitor oven temperature with an external temperature probe. You will
           have to adjust the CAL value in the operation menu so that the Watlow
           controllers Temp. Read matches the external probe.
        11 After athe temperature has stabilized, note the final value.
           Watlow Display	iOven Chamber           CAL Value
                                      MAIN *
                                        FID =
CAL=|    -11

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                                Page 4 of 6
J
special
 special
special
special
special
special
special
   INTEGRATOR BOARD TEST
   Set integrator board dip switch to 4(may have to be adjusted w/custom ranges)
                                                                              8
                                                                      Actual value found
 1 Note dip switch setting
 2 Set signal switch to Methane and the methane Range to 50.
   Set the Dual Range switch to LOW
 3 Enter code 00, 05, 01. Wait 50 seconds. Enter code 02.
 4 Adjust the methane span pot until the display reads 50.0
      Change the range to 20, display should read 20.0
      Change the range to 10, display should read 10.0
      Change the range to 5, display should read 5.00
      Change the range to 2, display should read 2.00
   Note methane span pot setting
   Note: When a multiplication factor is involved on an instrument,
   multiply both the range and the display by the same amount.
   For example, a range of 50ppm 1x10) is 500ppm, and the display of
   50.0 (x10) is also 500.
 5 Attach volt meter between pin 5(methane out) and pin 1 (methane iso-ground).
   Output should be 20.0 mA(w/4-20mA module) or 1.000V.
 7 Change the methane range back to 50.
 8 Enter code 00, 05, 01. Wait 25 seconds. Enter code 02.
 9 Value displayed should be 25.0
   Output at pin 5 should be 12.0mA(w/4-20mA module) or 0.500V.
11 Set the signal switch to Non-Methane.
12 Enter code 00, 05, 11. Wait 50 seconds. Enter code 12.
13 Adjust the non-methane span pot until the display reads 50.0
      Change the range to 20,  display should read 20.0
      Change the range to 10,  display should read 10.0
      Change the range to 5, display should read 5.00
      Change the range to 2, display should read 2.00
14 Attach  volt meter between pin 6(non-methane out) and pin 9(non-nm
   Output should be 20.0mA(w/4-20mA module) or1.000 VDC.
16 Change the non-methane  range back to  50.
17 Enter code 00, 05, 11. Wait 25 seconds. Enter code 12.
18 Value displayed should be 25.0
   Output at pin 5 should be 12mA(w/4-20mA module) orO.500 VDC.
19 Note non methane span pot setting.
1
K
   4-20mA OUTPUT OPTION (Methane)

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                                  Page 5 of 6
          Note: check all values below at the 4-2OmA modules mounted on the instruments
          left side panel
         1 Check for AC line voltage on dual 20V module.
         2 Check U1 20V output
         3 Check U2 20V output
         4 Check 0-10V signal in at U on the mA module.
         5 Check 4-20mA output between  T (gnd) and I (signal) on the same side
         6 Indicate exaxt results using the span signal as the input.
                                    input	output
OO.OmV
10.11V
3.98
20.02
special
   Check that the x10V board is operating correctlylpin 4 = 0-1V in, pin 3
   (Non-Methane)
 7 Check for AC line voltage on dual 20V module.
 8 Check U1 20V output
 9 Check U2 20V output
10 Check 0-10V signal in at UE on mA module.
11 Check 4-20mA output between terminal T (gnd) and I (signal) on the same side.
12 Indicate exaxt results using the span signal as the input.
                             input	output
                                        0-1QV out)
OO.OmV
10.11V
3.97
19.93
special     Check that the x10V board is operating correctly(pin 4 » 0-1V in, pin 3  = 0-10V out)
           FLOW CALIBRATION
         1 Attach H2 and HCF Air to their respective inlets on the back panel.
           Bottle pressure should be 40PSI in both cases.
           Note: It is common to "T" the Air line to provide pressure for both the
           combustion Air inlet and the SP (valve actuation) inlet.
         2 Attach a flow meter to the outlet side of the built in H2 regulator.
           Adjust the pressure until a flow of 40 cc/min is obtained.
         3 Attach a flow meter to the outlet side of the Air regulator.
           Adjust to pressure until a flow of 200cc/min is obtained.
         4 Note exact results.                            	
                                             IPSI at
                   Air =
                   H2 =
24
                                      22
        PSIat
                  200
                  40
cc/min.
cc/min
         5 Attach carrier gas to CARRIER IN port, (normally HCF Air or Zero N2)
         6 Adjust carrier gas bottle pressure until a flow of 45cc/min is obtained.
           Note: Flow must be measured at the FID inside the oven. H2 flow must be cut
           prior to measurement, and the temperature must have stabilized at the normal
           operational setting. Normally a bottle pressure of 25 PSI will produce the desired
           flow rate.  Use a high temperature flow rate probe.
         7 Note exact results for inject (03) and backflush (04) modes.
                                                         PSI AT BOTTLE     I
 M
                 INJECT
         '    BACKFLUSH
  8 Reopen H2 bottle.
    IGNITE  FID
18
                                      18
cc/min
cc/min
    26

-------
    12/31/98
                                                                                 Page 6 of 6
M
special
N
         1 Install FID m the oven. Connect Fuel and Air lines. Make sure the
          extender and chimney locking collars are set tightly.
         2 Attach the electrometer board to the extender as it emerges from
          the oven wall. After checking that the FID ignites, reattach the electrometer
          inside its shield  with insulation.
         3 Turn unit off, then on to reset the auto ignite sequence. Check for flame
          by looking for condensation on cold steel at the chimney vent.
         4 Confirm that the ignite LED on  the front panel lights when the flame does.
         5 If the flame does not light:
          a          Manually light the flame by holding open the H2 ON/OFF switch
                     and pressing the ignite button.
          b          Try  increasing the H2 pressure slightly
          c          Remove the FID chimney and check that the coil is glowing
                     brightly when the ignite button is pressed.
   DISPLAY METER. RANGE. AND SIGNAL OUT TEST
   The Dual Range swith adds a multiplier to the amp board circuit
   prior to the span signal, and so it should have no impact on this test.
 1 Connect the multimeter to back panel terminals number 10(ground)
   and number 3(0 to 100mVDC signal out)
 2 Enter code OO(reset). Ranges set to 2. Signal set to Methane.
 3 Voltage at terminal 3 = 00.0 mVDC.
 5 Enter code 01 (enable output)
 6 Voltage at terminal 3= 0.0 mVDC.
 7 Enter code 05(span).
 8 Voltage at terminal 3 = 100.0 mVDC.
 9 Range Set to 5. Voltage at terminal 3 = 40.0 mVDC.
11 Range Set to 10. Voltage at terminal 3  = 20.0 mVDC.
12 Range Set to 20. Voltage at terminal 3
14 Range Set to 50. Voltage at terminal 3
15 Enter code OO(reset)
16 Voltage at terminal 2 = 0.000 VDC.
17 Enter code 01 (enable output) and 05(span)
18 Voltage at terminal 2= 10.0 VDC.
                                             = 10.0mVDC.
                                               4.0 mVDC.
   BURN IN
 1 Let unit run for 48 hours with the sample pump drawing from a zero
   nitrogen stream at a slight overpressure.
          START BURN IN
              Time = I   8:00 AM]
          STOP BURN IN
                               Date -1  12/28/98|
                                                                          CODE 01   CODE 11
                                                                          Actual Values Found
              Time = |   8:00 AM|
                               Date = |  12/31/98|
 COMPLETED BY
I         AFN

-------
12/31/98
1030H SOURCE METHANE / NON-METHANE
BASELINE APPLICATION DATA SHEET
ORDER:




























Ranaes
Columns





CSU


COLLECTOR VOLTAGE:



C1
C2

Sample loop


Proa ram














S1

Step
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08

99




Low
high




-15.18
-15.18




SERIAL #:

DETECTOR:

DUAL 1x10)20,50,100,200,5001x100)200,500,1000,2000,5000
Part*
SCO01020
SCO01021
Arangement:


Material
3S unibeads
1 S unibeads
tubing
6' x 1/8" SS
5' x 1/8" SS






Port 7 on the valve to C2 to C1 to Port 6 on the valve


10.7" x ,085 I.D. SS

Time
eOiOO
OQ; 15
-Q*&5
01-. DO
02iOO-
&3*15-
fiiVTin
IACI . &\J
04c45
04-*©

Q&Q&

LINEARITY TEST (LOW)
501x100) range










peak
1
3

Code
03 OQ'QQ
15 OQtf
01 0A15
02 £/5"-£
04 O1Q&
11 0335"
1 2 O$]-8
00 0^3> 0
99 oyys

00 00Q,S











aproximately 1 mL volume





1321

FID










Description
Inject valve one


Enable detector one output
Open peak one(methane) window
Close peak one(methane) window
Back-flush valve one

Open peak two(non-methane) window
Close peak two(non-methane) window
Reset logic
Look to Recycle


Recycle















Note: Dip switch on integrator card set to 8.
Methane Peak
PPM
5.00
50.0
Methane Span:
Curves Used:
CURVE SHEETS ATTACHED
1
2
3
4

HIGH LINEARITY
LOW LINEARITY



FLOWS






stream
Air
H2
Sample
Carrier I
CarrierB





m
2$
20
pump
26
26




cc/min
200
40
2.2LPM
18
18
COMPLETED BY
Display '
05.1
49.9
i/^§4rf38-
2























50(x100) range




peak
2
4













Non Methane Peak
PPM
5.00
50.0
Non-Meth Span:
Display
05.0
50.2
I •7£'}_48
Note: MEQ factors were not used since the Non-Methane
peak can be independently scaled and ranged at the
operators discretion.


SEE CURVE SHEETS FOR HIGH RANGE LINEARITY
After shipment, run clean carrier gas through columns
for 24 hours for best results


ELECTROMETER



10
0.1
1
1 0k/1 00k
normal
Carrier Gas Used:
AFN
MegOhm
uF
T.C.
at R6
Zero circuit
HCF Air

OVEN TEMPERATUR
Controller Type:
Temperature Set:
Temperature Read:
Main Oven:


DATE


12/31/98


ES
WATLOW
200
200
198.8C



















































-------
      UNIT:
      SERIAL #
 DATE  12/31/98
1030H M/N
     1321
  BY   A.N.
Separation Test
    1 50 ppm
    2 50 ppm
    3 500ppm
    4 500ppm
Methane
Propane
Methane
Propane
      BALANCE HCF Air
      low range	
FLOW SETTINGS
  PSI    STREAM   RATE
    24 AIR        200 cc/min
    22 H2      *16.30-cc/min
    26 Carier Inj.    18 cc/min
    26 Carrier Bk.   18 cc/min^
 TRIM POT SETTINGS
 Methane         4.08
 Non-Methane     1.48
 ELECTROMETER
    10 MEGOHM
   0.1 MICROFARAD
     1 SECT.C.
 10K/100KatR6
 normal zero circuit
 OVEN TEMPERATURES
 TYPE-. WATLOW
   200 SET
   200 READ
 198.8°C         MAIN OVEN
                  -11  CAL
  DETECTOR
       TYPE :     FID
  COLLECTOR VOLTS:
        -15.18
  RANGE
  Methane
  500 ppm
  50 POSITION
  (x10)
  Non-Methane
  500 ppm
  50 POSITION
  CHART REC. SETTINGS
  SPEED:            5 mm/min
  FULL SCALE:    100mV

-------
                 csu
UNIT:
SERIAL #
                    1030H M/N
                         1321
                      BY  A.N.
    Separation Test
        1 500 ppm  Methane
        2 500 ppm  Propane
        3 5000ppm  Methane
        4 SOOOppm  Propane
          BALANCE HCF Air
            j}i0h__rariig£
     ps'    STREAM   RATE
      24 AIR        2oo cc/rnin
      22 H2       Hc-30 cc/min
      26 Carier Inj.     18 cc/min
     ^|^!er_BJ<._18^cMiin

   Methane         4 QQ
  I	__^hane__  1.43
  ELECTROMETER
      10 MEGOHM
     0.1 MICROFARAD
      1 SECT.C.
  10K/100KatR6
  normal zero circuit
  TYPE:  WATLOW
    200 SET
    200 READ
  198.8°C
 DETECTOR
       TYPE
      MAIN OVEN
       JLLCAL

      FID
 COLLECTOR VOLTS:      -15.18
RANGE
Methane
5000 ppm
50 POSITION
SPEED:
     U100)
     Non-Methane
     5000 ppm
     50 POSITION
                  5 mm/min

-------
                                                        COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                   APPENDIX J


                PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE CALIBRATIONS
Emissions Testing                                                  Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
       Pressure Calibrations
Test Program: C
     Date:
Air Manifold- 3051 C
Exh Manifold- 3051 C
Fuel Manifold - Omega
Fuel Line - Omega
Lube Oil - Omega
Orifice Diff. -305 1C
Orifice Static -305 1C
Intake Static -305 1C
Intake Diff. -3051C
Exh Static- 3051 C
Exh Diff -305 1C
HPFuelRun-3051C
Norwalk Oil Press - Omega
HP Volume Tank- 3051 C
SC Oil Press - Omega
Starting Air Press - 3051 C
Catalyst Diff. - 2024
0 - 40 "hg
0-18"hg
0 - 50 psig
0 - 80 psig
0 - 40 psig
0-100H20
0 - 70 psig
0 - 40 "hg
0-13.9"H20
0-11.1"H20
0-12.9"H20
0-1200 psig
0 -50 psig
0- 1200 psig
0 - 30 psig
0 - 300 psig
0 - 80 "H20
NA
NA

C t'
O-o
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
-2.2-S-3
NA
NA
NA
NA

|. 00
l.OCD
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
D.'l'tO
NA
NA



St:.c^'/7C|,c,£
40.^/3% r?









SO.OO/^.'f0!
'


-------
       Pressure Calibrations
Test Program: £- lM i'
     Date: vo^-il
V*
s
Air Manifold -305 1C
Exh Manifold- 3051 C
Fuel Manifold - Omega
Fuel Line - Omega
Lube Oil - Omega
Orifice Diff. -305 1C
Orifice Static -305 1C
Intake Static- 3051 C
Intake Diff. -3051C
Exh Static- 3051 C
Exh Diff -305 1C
HPFuelRun-3051C
Norwalk Oil Press - Omega
HP Volume Tank- 3051 C
SC Oil Press - Omega
Starting Air Press - 305 1C
Catalyst Diff. - 2024
0 - 40 "hg
0-18"hg
0 - 50 psig
0 - 80 psig
0 - 40 psig
0-100H20
0 - 70 psig
0 - 40 "hg
0-13.9"H20
0-11.1"H20
0 - 12.9 "H20
0-1 200 psig
0 -50 psig
0- 1200 psig
0 - 30 psig
0 - 300 psig
0 - 80 "H20
NA
NA
I. fo<5


NA
NA
L NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
1, 00^> ,


NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA

NA
NA
7, 562/7.595
2. k39 /Z. 4, -z-z.
CjO.Z- /6O.I7


55.00/55. o/
feS". 6 / 0».fc.<35/ ^-92
12, ^O) l2.'-5fS*






                                 f!

-------
            LARGE BORE ENGINE TESTBED CALIBRATIONS
DATE:
TEST:  -
TEMPERATURES:
Location

Cylinder #1 Exhaust
Cylinder #2 Exhaust
Cylinder #3 Exhaust
Cylinder #4 Exhaust

Cylinder #1 Piezo
Cylinder #2 Piezo
Cylinder #3 Piezo
Cylinder #4 Piezo

Air Manifold
Fuel Manifold

Exhaust Stack

Engine Jacket Water In
Engine Jacket Water Out

Lube Oil In
Lube Oil Out

Dynamometer Water In
Dynamometer Water Out

Inboard Dynamometer Bearing
Outboard Dynamometer Bearing

T-. , , , • r- i j
-.F-ueUvlaiiiiQla —

Range

0-850°F
0-850°F
0-S50°F
0-850°F

0-300°F
0-300°F
0-300°F
0-300°F

0-200°F
0-200°F

0-850°F

0-200°F
0-200°F

0-200°F
0-200°F

0-200°F
0-200°F

0-300°F
0-300°F

A OHO. 17
	 U— ZUU-Jp 	

Offset

-,T.9^
'S.Liur*
3 , / Oft
~L( .3^

-I.^^U
-3.oor
-. •> o t--^
-iXoft

-^. I5-&
-3. uoo

2,SQn

-4. OfoO
-3, ^o

-if( ^^^
-2.5SO

- - ,
-------
            LARGE BORE ENGINE TESTBED CALIBRATIONS
DATE:




TEST:
TEMPERATURES:
Location

/Inner Cooler Water Temp In

Ambient Air Temperature

.Thrust Bearing 1
- Thrust Bearing 2
Jiigh Pressure Meter Run














Range

0-200°F

0-150°F

0-300°F
0-300°F
0-300°F
0-300°F
0-300°F
0-300°F
0-300°F
0-300°F

0-200°F
0-200°F














Offset



O.Ooo


























Gain



\.0zo


























Setpoint



?5"


























Reading



9M.^



























-------
                                                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                   APPENDIX K

                      EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATION SHEETS
Emissions Testing                                                   Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                           El Paso Energy
       Tennessee Gas Pipeline Measurement Services
             Metrology Center Laboratory Report


                       Important Document

   These documents certify that the instrument indicated has been inspected in accordance with
   accepted measurement practices and quality control procedures established for this laboratory
   and demonstrates reliable performance made by direct comparison to standards maintained by
     the Metrology Center. The Metrology Center standards are serviced and re-certified on a
  periodic basis with an unbroken chain of measurements traceable to the U.S. National metrology
        standards retained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST).

Duplicate copies of these documents are maintained on file for five years. The statistical information
  from our prior certifications provides the basis for assignment of certification period validity and
                         preventative maintenance procedures.

  The Metrology Center is a controlled environment facility located 30 06 15 North and 95 50 14
   West at an elevation of 253ft above sea level.  For additional information, duplicates of this
   document, or a complete file copy, please write to  P.O. box 280, Hockley TX 77447 or call
            (713) 757-6685, and talk to Tim Hannan the Lead Metrology Specialist.
                     Report #           99031903

-------
                     El Paso Energy
  Tennessee Gas Pipeline Measurement Services
      Metrology Center Laboratory Report #    99031903
                    Receiving Report
Date Received in Lab:   3/17/99
Serial Numbers         11514
Model Numbers     Beta 0-5, 0-100
                         Inspections:
1. Received with or without freight damage decribed as follows: None
2. Received missing parts listed as follows: None
3. Received with physical damage described as follows: None
4. Received without case? No
5. Received with damaged case? No
6. Received with calibration tag removed? No
7. Received partially or completely assembled? No
8. Received with apparent fluid or particle contamination? No
9. Received with quick connects or valves? No
(quick connects and valves will be removed for testing.)

            Maintenance & Repair Report

The information below is in reference to any preventative or repair measures provided
during the certification procedures.
1. Inspected connectors & cables for electrical integrity as applicable. OK
2. Tested battery and charger as applicable

Parts used:                  qty      Description/Reason for usage
1
Recommendations:    None
Comments:

-------
                            El Paso Energy
        Tennessee Gas Pipeline Measurement Services
             Metrology Center Laboratory Report #  99031903
                     Standards of Comparison
       The primary and secondary standards below are the comparison basis for the
       equipment under test.  These instruments are periodically tested by approved
     authorities and may be traced to the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
      Equipment
   Range
Accuracy
  Certification Date
Re-certification Due
[. DH Hydraulic piston
fe cyl. No. 3342
200 psi/kg
0.01 % of reading
         04/30/98
         04/30/00
L DH 1502 Divider No.
   4087
0-20 psid
0.01 % of reading
         04/22/98
         04/22/00
..DH IQKGMassSetNo.
   2590
0-10 kg
0.002% of reading
         07/17/97
         07/17/99
•. DH Pneumatic piston
fc cyl. No. 3674A
250 psig/kg
0.01 % of reading
         07/24/97
         07/23/99
 . Ametek PK Ball &
Nozzle No. 82579
654 In. H2O
0.015 % of reading
         07/31/98
         07/31/99
. Ametek PK Mass Set
lo. 82579
4&10"wtc+654"WC
Included
         07/31/98
         07/31/99
. Paroscientific Mdl 760-15G
[o. 67204
0-15psig
.01%FS
         08/10/98
         08/10/99
, Hart Scientific Mdl 9105
0.82563

, Ametek / M & G RK-200 SS
o. 72793
-13 to+284 degrees F
.1 degreesF

0-200 psig
0.025% of reading
         02/13/98
         02/13/99

         08/14/98
         08/14/99

-------
Report #   99031903
                                 DATE:   3/19/99
         DIVISION / OWNER:
        INSTRUMENT TYPE:
        INSTRUMENT MFG.:
                  GRAVITY:
                   SERIAL #:
           TEST STANDARD:
 Certificate of Accuracy

Gary Hutcherson
Beta 320,0-5
Hathaway
N/A
    11514
AMETEK - PK TESTER (.015% OF READING)
COMMENTS: Tested with Paroscientific Standard. The following results are based on 73 degree data.. Prior to testing
 the unit was powered up for 30 minutes. Cycled unit from zero to span several times before testing.

* Unit left within manufacturers specifications.
AMETEK PK STANDARD
(IN. H2O)
CORRECTED FOR SITE
GRAVITY + A.G.A. TEMP.
0.00
30.00
60.00
90.00
120.00
140.00
120.00
90.00
60.00
30.00
0.00
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.00
30.00
60.00
90.00
120.00
140.00
120.00
90.00
60.00
30.00
0.00
             Calibration Date
         Calibration Due Date
230UPDN.WK3
3/19/99
9/16/99
AS
RECEIVED
INST. % READ % F.S.
READING ERROR ERROR
0.000
30.140
60.210
90.190
120.030
139.820
120.050
90.240
60.260
30.190
0.000
0.000
0.467
0.350
0.211
0.025
0.129
0.042
0.267
0.433
0.633
0.000
0.000
0.009
0.014
0.013
0.002
0.012
0.003
0.016
0.017
0.013
0.000
AFTER
CALIBRATION
INST. % READ % F.S.
READING ERROR ERROR
0.000
29.990
59.990
89.990
120.020
140.000
120.020
90.010
60.010
30.000
0.000
0.000
0.033
0.017
0.011
0.017
0.000
0.017
0.011
0.017
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
     BY: Rene Elizalde
signature:
6-S7
                                        PCM 1997

-------
Report#   98072101
                                DATE:   3/19/99
        DIVISION / OWNER:
       INSTRUMENT TYPE:
       INSTRUMENT MFG.:
                 GRAVITY:
                  SERIAL #:
          TEST STANDARD:
 Certificate of Accuracy

Gary Hutcherson
Beta 320 ,0-100
Hathaway
N/A
    11514
AmetekHL-200-SS D.W. (.05%  OF READING)
COMMENTS: Tested with Paroscientific Standard. The following results are based on 73 degree data.. Prior to testing
the unit was powered up for 30 minutes. Cycled unit from zero to span several times before testing.

' Unit left within manufacturers specifications.
Ametek STANDARD (PSIG)
CORRECTED FOR SITE
GRAVITY
* 979.308(lab)/980.665(standard)
0.00
25.00
50.00
75.00
100.00
75.00
50.00
25.00
0.00
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=z
0.00
24.965
49.931
74.896
99.862
74.896
49.931
24.965
0.00
AS
RECEIVED
INST. % READ % F.S.
READING ERROR ERROR
0.000
24.96
49.94
74.94
99.90
74.95
49.94
24.97
0.000
0.000
0.022
0.018
0.058
0.038
0.072
0.018
0.018
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.001
•o.ooo
0.000
AFTER
CALIBRATION
INST. % READ % F.S.
READING ERROR ERROR
0.000
24.95
49.93
74.89
99.85
74.88
49.93
24.95
0.000
0.000
0.062
0.002
0.008
0.012
0.022
0.002
0.062
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.000
            Calibration Date :   3/19/99
        Calibration Due Date :   9/16/99
'.30UPDN.WK3
•97
                          BY:  Tim Hannan
                     signature:
                                       PCM 1997

-------
                                   MANSFIELD & GREEN DIVISION
                    8600 SOMERSET DRIVE, LARGO, FLORIDA 34643 TELEPHONE: (813) 536-7831

             CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY FROM M & G STANDARDS LABORATORY
   M & G Model PK2-254WC-SS
Purchase Order No. PW840
Serial No.  84809
   Certification Date:   12/13/95
Recommended Recertification Date:  12/13/96
              ACCURACY:  THE INSTRUMENT  IS CERTIFIED TO BE ACCURATE WITHIN  A
                          MAXIMUM ERROR OF .025% OF  INDICATED READING.


   CERTIFICATION PROCEDURE
  This Certification was made by direct comparison with Ametek/Mansfield & Green Division Laboratory master
standards, which are periodically referred to one or more of the primary standards traceable to NIST or other
national physical measures recognized  as equivalent by NIST. This calibration procedure meets the requirements
of MIL-STD-45662A, ANSI/ASME N45.2, and  10CFR50 Appendix B. The above standards are traceable to the
National Institute of Standards and Technology on Report  Numbers:

              PISTON &  CYLINDER/BALL &  NOZZLE AREA REFERENCED  TO  23  DEC.  C

                          MODEL" '    '  S"Q.:- INT-"NTST"AREA REPORT  NUMBERS (CAL DATE)
                          RK
                          RK.  .  .
                          PK
                          HK.  .  .- .  .  .'
                          IO,T,R,WG,HL:
                                       '
                                          .02
                                          .05
                                          .10
             P-8436 (12/21/92)
             P-8476(5/17/94)
             P-8436(12/21/92)
          ""'••P-8365 (10/22/90)
           -JP-8469(01/10/94)
           -.P-8469(01/10/94)
           -  P-8390X10/04/91),P-8469(01/10/94)
           -  P-8390(10/04/91)
              MASS @ 35% RELATIVE HUMIDITY.    ^

                    NIST MASS  REPORT NUMBERS:
                          822/MET56,  (09/17/92);  822/MET55,  (4/23/93)
                          822/MET57,  (10/01/93);  822/253849,  (07/21/94)
                          731/243669,  (03/03/93)
              PRESSURE READINGS ARE REFERENCED  TO A  GRAVITY OF  980.6650 GALS.

                                                         CERTIFIED CORRECT
                         THE SERVICE WAS PROCESSED IN ACCORDANCE
                         WITH QA MANUAL REV. 25 DATED 12/1/34.
                 DUTCH
        ACCRf BTATION   COUNCIL FOR
          •OARO    CERTIFICATION
    FORM 71 - 7 REV. 10 OCT 1994
                                                       by-
                              AMETEK
                           MANSFIELD & GREEN DIVISION
                           QUALltY ASSURANCE MANAGER

-------
      ROMAN
                       CERTIFICATE OF CALIBRATION
CUSTOMER NAME:
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
CENTRAL RECEIVING
FORT COLLINS, CO 80523-6011
MODEL NO.: X88
DESCRIPTION: CALIBRATOR

SERIAL NO.: 00447
DATE CALIB.: 02/10/99
                                  REPORT NO.: 92-3998TR

                                  PURCHASE ORDER NO.: DPO767588

                                  PROCEDURE: QCTX88FINAL

                                  TEMPERATURE: 78 DEGREES F.

                                  ITEM CONDITION
                                  AS RECEIVED: IN TOLERANCE
                                  AS LEFT: IN TOLERANCE

                                  CALIB. DUE : 02/10/2000
Ronan Engineering Company does hereby certify the above listed instrument meets or exceeds all
published specifications and has been calibrated using standards whose accuracies are traceable to the
National Institute of Standards and Technology. Our "Calibration System Requirements" satisfy MTL-
STD-45662A.
I/DNO.
                 STANDARDS EMPLOYED

MANUFACTURER       MOD. NO.         DUE DATE  NIST
CC24311
CC88401
CC86TE35
NB-101A
NB-102A
NB-103
DATA PRECISION
FLUKE
RONAN
JULIE RESEARCH
JULIE RESEARCH
JULIE RESEARCH
8200
8840A
X86
10 OHM
100 OHM
IK OHM
^
10/23/99
11/03/99
09/28/99
06/11/99
06/11/99
06/1 1/99
^?/.
6599
15803
254980
PRO-106LT
PRO-106LT
PRO-106LT
''/&?
   QUALITY ASS
          CE
DATE
                        RONAN ENGINEERING COMPANY
                       P.O. Box 1275 • Woodland Hills, California 91365
              21200 Oxnard Street • Woodland Hills, California 91367 • (818) 883-5211
                                FAX (818) 992-6435

-------
MODEL X88 CALIBRATOR
SERIAL NUMBER
TEST DATA SHEET BY
DA
^M A^- ^ a— 5^ %
INPUT

150mV
1.5V
15V INPUT
10V OUTPUT
150V
100mA
1 50 ohms
1 .5 kohms
CALIBRATOR
INPUT

00.00 mV
1 00.00 mV
1 49.90 mV
.0000V
1 .0000 V
1 .4990 V
0.000 V
10.000V
14.990V
10.00V
100.00V
149.90V
20mA
100mA
I D Vl~^
00.00 ohms
1 0.00 ohms
100.00 ohms
1 00.0 ohms
1 000.0 ohms
DISPLAY

CO - O O
too «oo
H-l.^l
' oco o
U oooo

V.  o o
\ oo.oo
\^-1.9\
s-o, OO

\co.oo
CAUBRATOR
LIMIT
±.01
±.02
±.03
+ .0001
± .0002
± .0003
±.001
±.002
±.003
±.01
±.02
±.03
+ .01
±.02
o.*V. o o
1 o. 00
OCKOO

| 0. 0 0
( 00-0 O
±.01

±.01
±.02

I O O . O

looO.o
±.1

±.2
^—0
TE ^- - I t) — °? 9
/
OUTPUT
DISPLAY

00.00 mV
1 00.00 mV
MEASURED

0 O . O O 2-
loo. oof
^C~C°"^°-00^
CALIBRATION
UMIT
** +.01
±.02

0.000 V
9.999 V
10.000V
O ,   
\ 0. o oo o
* ± .001
±.001
±.001

1.00mA
20.00 mA
60.00 mA
| » o o*^

'^o.C02L

Go, o o |
** ±.01

±.01

±.02
X
\-/ C) 1^*
ECOARSEADJ. w l^-
X3RNEADJ. O VC
i^ — "*7 "^~~
\~s> *~ v ^y ( V — y — f • VJ <^_
0 j
&AUTO SEQUENCE O V^
O2-WIRE TRANSMITTER SUPPLY O \<^
   Record data to .XXXX (4 places).
  ' Record data to .XXX (3 places).

-------
                                          YAISALA INC
                                                                                   121002
     VAISflLA
                                Calibration Laboratory
            REPORT OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY CALIBRATION
     Report #:  99-1-0122-L11
                             S.O. #: N/A
Calibration Date: 1/22/99
     Instrument Model:  HMP233
                                                 Serial Number: JT4310021
                                           Calibration Procedure: 3-19-20c.doc
     Instrument Range: 0 to 100% RH
     Accuracy: Relative Humidity; il% RH (0 to 90% RH), ±2% RH (90 to 100% RH)
     Temperature; = 0.2° C @ 20" C                    Due Date:  1 vear from above date    __
     Customer:    COLORADO STATE  UNIVERSITY
     City, State:     FT. COLLINS. CO     	
                                Calibration  Information

     This unit was calibrated by comparing its readings at 0.0 and 75.5% RH to a reference humidity instrument: Vaisala
     model HMP 233, S/N: R1630017 . Additional instrument verification checkpoints were made at 11.3% and 97.6%
     RH. respectively. Calibration and instrument verification sequences utilize dry nitrogen and a set of Controlled
     Aqueous Salt Solutions. Vaisala S/N: P1940000 . Interval: 6 months. Laboratory ambient conditions are maintained
     at a temperature of 22= 1°C with a relative humidity level of 50% ±5% RH. Sensor Stabilization time is >  30
     nxnutcs prior to adjustment. Calibration uncertainty is iO.6% RH @ 22°C. The temperature is checked at ambient
     temperature against NIST standard iracsablc through a F250  (SN*U297-030-597), PRT ASL T25/02 (SN# S257).
                                   Calibration Data
     Temperature
     Standard
     Unit Under Test

     Hamidity
     Sdution      Nominal Value
    .Dry Nitrogen   0.1%RH

     NaCl         75.5% RH

     LiCl          11.3%RH

     K2S04       97.6% RH
                                       Unit as Calibrated
                                  22.8
                                  22.9
                               (UUT)   (REF)
                                0.1%    0.1%
                               74.9%   74.9%

                               10.8%
Acceptance Limits
 ; (Low)    (High)
  -0 9%    1.1%
 73.9%
 103%
                                                  95.6%
75.9%
           99.6%
Tolerance


  ±0.2° C



  il.O%RH

  = I.O%RH

  ±1.0%RH

  ±2.0%RH
                                                                Service De^partment Supervisor
Service Technician
     Tliis calibration report is tracsable to the Nattoiul Institute of Standards and Technology through NIST Test Report
     Number TN 261093 dated 10 December. 1998. Due date: 12/10/1999. Vaisala's calibration system complies with the
     requirements ANS1/NCSL Z540-1-1994. This certificate can not be reproduced except in full, without the expressed
     written consent of Vaisala.
Moiling address:
Vaisala Inc.
100 Commerce Way
Wcbum, MA 01801-1068
            TeL(78D933-45CO
            Fax (7811 933-8029
            http://
-------
                                                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                    APPENDIX L


                          DYNAMOMETER CALIBRATION
Emissions Testing                                                     Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                          Colorado Stata (/diversity
                   Eat*inea «& Eaqina Conversion Laboratory
                            r;tt Bore Eaqinu Tcsc Qcd
Dace:
          L'moaain*
 4026
                      UQIl?
         Unloading
 5026
          LijadLng
         Unloading
                         1 CD
                                                             / GO'-  -
 6021
          Loading
         Unloading
 7013
          Loading
         Unloading
                    70/5-
                                          lot*
 8002
          Loading
         Unloading
                                                             /(JO -II
8997
         Loading
                      o/
         Unloading
                                               . r
                                                             IOO,
                    % Actual Torqua
                                      Av«ra(« Calculated Torque

                                           Actual Tun|uc

-------
                           Colorado Sbta University
                   Eai;inc3 & Engine Conversion Laboratory
                          Lirqe Core Enqiae Tear Octl
Teat ^

Dace:
          Unioaain*
 4026
           Laadin*
          Unioadin*
                       L/L 2
 5026
          Unloading
 6021
          Loading
          Unloading
 7013
          Loading
         Unloading
                        /CO-   4
 8002
          Loading
         Unloading
                      3C57
 8997
          Loading
         Unloading
                      % Actual Tarqua -
Av«ra(t Calculated Torqu*

     Actual Titr'iur

-------
                          Colorado Stata (Jaiv«nity

                   Eaijinca & £at»ina Conversion Laboratory

                         L»r;e Core Enninti Tac Q«U
 Teat S


 Dace:
•?fl;rTP*^t7r \—-
7-Tucaue'^-.-
          Unloading
                          O
  402 £
          Unloading
                      101.6"
                       S~0
          Unloading
                                           5"o 7 v
                            .°>r
          Unloading
                         ^071
 7013
          Loading
         Unloading
          Loading
         Unloading
          Loading
         Unloading
                     % Actual Torqua
Avtraft Calculated Torqu*


     Actual Tonjur;

-------
                             "i I" .
                                                                     •
rr'OPI
   t
 C'QOl
                                      Surpoofufj
  4 'GO!
                             70/1
                                              ClOi
ro0i
                                03
                           Svjpaojufl
                            7/7
 ^.'tfOl
                                      Sujpnoriff]
                                             9tO~
                                             9IC
                                      iurimr-]
                                        ^••.•ilscrcray]^

-------
 Test S


 Dace:
                       Colorado Stato

                       & Eaqine Convcnioo Laboratory

                           Bore Eauine Test Qctl
   HP A
jjutcniaEi i
a:.-.
^, 	  • ——-••• .. ••  r 	~iJ1
7-Tucauehr .-T?^::
              ^SS^^SsS^ll^^SH??.1-^'
          Ljuvirt'j
         L'nioaaut
         Loadin
  4026
  5026
         Unloading
 6021
         Loading
        Unloading
GOGa
         Loading
 7013
        Unloading
1 01-2^
         Loading
 8002
        Unloading
                                   1,003
         Loading
 8997
        Unloading
                  % Actual Torqua'
              Av«raft Calculated Torqu*

                  Actual Tur'|ur

-------
                                                        COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                   APPENDIX M


                  DYNAMOMETER CALIBRATION PROCEDURE
Emissions Testing                                                  Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
DYNAMOMETER CALIBRATION PROCEEDURE









           Prepared by Roger Popp




         Woodward Governor Company
                   275

-------
INTRODUCTION

This  document describes the procedure for  applying  and removing
test  weights  to  the dyno  calibration  arm  and  the  associated
procedure  for  entering  calibration  data  into  the  dyno  control
program, resident  in  the Smart 3000.

Two  sections  follow.  One  addresses  the actual calibration,  the
other describes a periodic calibration "checking " procedure which
is used to simply  re-confirm a previous calibration.

Significant  frictional  hysteresis  exists  in the  dyno  support
structure and load cell suspension which must be properly resolved
during  the  calibration procedure to minimize undesirable  errors
during  operation of the dyno.  The calibration procedure must be
meticulously followed to assure minimization of these  errors due to
frictional effects;

CALIBRATION

PRIOR  TO  STARTING  THIS PROCEDURE,  THE  DYNO LOAD  CELL AND  ITS
ELECTRONIC CONTROL PANEL MUST HAVE BEEN WARKED UP  AND CALIBRATED
PER THE ESTABLISHED PROCEDURE DESCRIBED IN THE ATTACHED DOCUMENT,
THAT INCLUDES BETTING THE ZERO AND SPAN OF THE DISPLAY AND THE ZERO
AND SPAN OF THE PANEL 4-20  mA OUTPUT TO THE SMART. The dyno load
cell is thereby calibrated  so that 0 to 10,000 ft-lbs of  applied
torque will result in  a panel indicator reading of  0-10000  ft-lbs
and an output of 4 to  20 mA to the SMART.

IMPORTANT
DO NOT  "TARE"  the dyno load cell at any time except as directed
during the formal  procedure for calibrating the load  cell  panel
meter indicator reading and output signal.

1)   Enable the dyno calibration program from the SMART TREND menu.

2)   Print out a copy of the existing calibration screen for record
     purposes if one does not already exist,

3)   Click  on  "Initialize  Calibration"  box  to  enable  a  new
     calibration.

4}   Using a pry bar, apply a torque  (more than 200 ft-lbs)  to the
     dyno case in one  direction,  letting off  slowly. Remove the bar
     without  bumping  the dyno  or  support  structure.  Record  the
     stabilized panel  meter reading.

-------
5)   Again using the pry bar, apply a torque (more than 200 ft-lbs)
     in  the  other direction.  Carefully  remove  bar  and  record
     stabilized reading,

6)   Repeat  4  and  5 above two more times.  Average each of the two
     sets of readings and  find  the mid-point value between these
     two average values. Record the mid-point value.
                   i t
7)   Apply a torque'to the dyno  case to achieve a stabilized panel
     meter reading equal to the established mid-point value. Push
     the "TARE" button  on the panel meter to "zero" the indicated
     reading at this  torque value.

8)   Apply a torque to  the dyno case to achieve a meter indicated
     value   equal  to  the  lower of the  two  values  obtained  by
     averaging three  previous   readings.  While  this  value  is
     carefully maintained on the meter, wait for its corresponding
     value to stabilize on the SMART calibration screen, then click
     on the  M#l -  increasing" box of the dyno calibration screen.
     This will log the first load cell  meter output (mA) value into
     the SMART program. Remove the applied load from the dyno case.

9)   Install the calibration arm on the dyno.

10)  Apply calibration  weights #1 and #2 and steady weight hanger
     to  stop it from swinging.  Push  up on  the  arm  to  induce a
     reduction of  200 (min)  ft-lbs of  torque; l«t off slowly. Once
     the readings have stabilized on the SMART calibration screen,
     click on the data point t2 - increasing box to log this torque
     value.

11)  Repeat  step  #10, applying  weights #3 thru  #7,  in numerical
     order,  clicking  on the respective data point boxes  on the
     calibration screen for each weight condition.

12)  Apply additional weight (pull down) on the calibration arm to
     achieve an  additional  torque of  200  (min)  ft-lbs.  Let this
     weight  off slowly. Log the stabilized value by clicking on the
     #7 - decreasing  box on the screen.

13)  Repeat  step  #12,  removing each  of  weights #6  through #3,
     clicking on the respective data point boxes on the calibration
 .    screen  for each  weight condition.
Note  that the. calibration  program will calculate  the mid-point
values between the  increasing and decreasing torque values logged
as the weights were applied and removed. The spread between these
increasing  and decreasing torque values reflects  the frictional
hysteresis  of  the dyno support  system,  load cell suspension, and
instrumentation.

-------
The SMART calibration program has programmable values entered for
automatically indicating if the logged torque values fall within or
outside  pre-established  hysteresis   limits.   These  have  been
initially  entered as 1  percent.  That is,  if the  logged torque
values  (increasing and  decreasing)  for  any particular  applied
weight  differ  by more  than 1%,  an  "OUT"  indication   will  be
displayed.  Otherwise  an "OK" message is displayed  for  each mid-
point value.

The SMART  calibration program interpolates  between the mid-point
values, providing a continuous torque calibration curve.


13)  Print a copy of the calibration screen.  Make notations on this
     print-out   of  any  pertinent   observations   regarding  the
     calibration procedure or special circumstances.

14)  Prepare for  entering the mid-point values  into the  SMART by
     establishing the top level SMART mode. This  is where the SMART
     service  panel display  reads  "WOODWARD GOVERNOR  ,  NETCON
     OPERATING VERSION 1.04-1". This mode can be achieved by keying
     in "EXIT, EXIT, SCRN up arrow".

15)  Key-in following:

     a)   SCRN down arrow  (IX)

     b) ;  SCRN >    until display       "Debug"

     c)   ENTER, Key in 1112, ENTER

     d)   SCRN >     until              "DYNO CAL"

     e)   SCRN up arrow       until     "TORQUE. CURVE_2D"

     f)   SCRN >   (IX)                  "TORQUE.CURVE_2D    X__l"

     g)   Adjust X_l value to mid-point value #1

     h)   SCRN >    FOR                                     "X_2"

     i)   Repeat for remaining 6 mid-point values.

     j)   EXIT   (2X)

     X)   SCRN up arrow   (returns to top level SMART mode)

16)  Perform calibration CHECK procedure below.  Be sure  to write
     check values on the calibration sheet to document successful
     calibration. Date and initial all records.

-------
                    CALIBRATION CHECK PROCEDURE
 INTRODUCTION

 The following  procedure  is for use in confirming or re-validating
 a prior  dyno calibration.  The same care and preparation required
 for an initial calibration is required here.

 IMPORTANT
 DO NOT  "TARE"  the dyno  load cell  at  any  time except as directed
 during the formal procedure for calibrating  the  load cell panel
 meter indicator reading  and output signal.

 l)   Print out a copy of the existing SMART calibration screen.

 2)   Install the calibration  arm to  the  dyno.  Apply calibration
     weights #1 and #2  and steady weight hanger to  stop  it from
     swinging.  Push up  on the arm to induce a reduction  of 200
     (itdn) ft-lbs of torque; let off slowly.  Once the readings have
     stabilized on  the  SMART  calibration  screen,  record  the
     indicated torque reading shown there.

 3)   Pull  GOTO on the calibration arm to induce a torque increase
     of  200  (min)  ft-lbs/  let up  slovly. Once  the  readings have
     stabilized on  the  SMART  calibration  screen,  record  the
     indicated torque reading shown there.

 4)   Calculate the mid-point  between the  two torque  readings.
     Record this value in the  appropriate  box  on the right side of
     the SMART calibration screen print-out sheet,

 5)   Repeat steps /2 through #4, applying weights #3  thru #7,  in
     numerical order, recording all corresponding mid-point values
     on the calibration sheet.

6}   Divide  each recorded mid-point  value  by  its  corresponding
     "Real Torque"  value from the left most column  of the data
     sheet. Record  the  calculated  results as percentages  to the
     right  of  each of  the recorded  mid-point  values. Plot the
     percentage  values  on the  calibration data  log graph,  and
     decide if  the calibration is satisfactorily  accurate. Date and
     initial all records.

     The following criteria will be used  in judging the calibration
     accuracy:

     1)    If the data  point  error   percentages,  calculated  as
          described above, all fall within  100 +/- JU&9=f,   the
          calibration is to be considered acceptable.   ' °/'c

-------
2)   If any of these percentages exceed 100 +l_St=t£%-, but does
     not exceed 100 +/_ 2.0%,  the SMART must  be re-calibrated
     so as  to satisfy  the criteria  (1)  above. If after this
     re-calibration the percentages again fall outside the 100
     +/ I'/cO^S^i  correct suspected problems and re-calibrate
     both the load call and the SMART.

3)   If after a", calibration check any  of the  percentages fall
     outside  the  100 +/_  2.0% band,  not  only the SMART,  but
     also the  load  cell must  be recelebrated to satisfy  the
     criteria of  (1) above.
                                        25 Feb 94
                                        R. Popp
                                        Woodward Governor Co.

-------
                                                            COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                     APPENDIX N

                                    GAS ANALYSIS
Emissions Testing                                                      Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
       Methane
       Ethane
       Propane
       l-butane
       N-butane
       l-pentane
      N-pentane
       Hexanes
    Carbon Dioxide
       Nitrogen
03
17
    Compressibility
High Heating Value Dry
Low Heating Value Dry
High Heating Value Wet
Low Heating Value Wet
    Specific Gravity
   102),

-------
Calculation Results from CO St U Stream 1 Tue Mar 30  10:08:02  1999
MolPct BTUGross
n-HEXANE 0.0369
PROPANE 1.0497
i-BUTANE 0.1027
n-BUTANE 0.1201
NEOPENTANE 0.0000
i-PENTANE 0.0292
n-PENTANE 0.0204
NITROGEN 0.7384
METHANE 89.3239
CARBON DIOXIDE 1.6101
ETHANE 6.9686
1
26
3
3
0
1
0
0
904
0
123
TOTAL 100.0000 1065
Compressibility Factor
Heating Value Gross BTU Dry
Heating Value Gross BTU Sat
Heating Value Gross BTU Act
Heating Value Net BTU Act.
Relative Density Gas Corr .
Total Unnormalized Cone.
Gas Density lbm/1000 ft3
•

.95
.47
.35
.93
.00
.17
.82
.00
.23
.00
.60
.52
=
=
RelDens
0.0012
0.0160
0.0021
0.0024
0.0000
0.0007
0.0005
0.0071
0.4948
0.0245
0.0723
0.6216
1.0024
1068 .11
1049.52
1068 .11
964 .30
0.6229
100.134
47. 650

-------
Iculation Results from CO St U Stream 1 Wed Mar 31  10:47:06  1999
MolPct BTUGross
HEXANE 0.0335
OPANE 1.1695
BUTANE 0.1280
BUTANE 0.1505
DPENTANE 0.0000
PENTANE 0.0370
PENTANE 0.0236
TROGEN 0.6442
THANE 89.6529
RBON DIOXIDE 1.4643
SANE 6.6964
1
29
4
4
0
1
0
0
907
0
118
PAL 100.0000 1069
Tipressibility Factor
ating Value Gross BTU Dry
ating Value Gross BTU Sat
ating Value Gross BTU Act
ating Value Net BTU Act.
lative Density Gas Corr .
:al Unnormalized Cone.
3 Density lbm/1000 ft3
•

.77
.49
.17
.92
.00
.49
.95
.00
.56
.00
.77
. 13
=
=
RelDens
0.0011
0.0178
0.0026
0.0030
0.0000
0.0009
0.0006
0.0062
0.4966
0.0223
0. 0695
0.6206
1.0024
1071.73
1053 . 08
1071.73
967.60
0.6219
99.933
47.571

-------
:alculation Results  from CO St U Stream 1 Thu Apr 01  12:32:52 1999
MolPct BTUGross
i-HEXANE 0.0228 1.21
3ROPANE 1.3951 35.18
.-BUTANE 0.1260 4.11
i-BUTANE 0.1538 5.03
lEOPENTANE 0.0000 0.00
.-PENTANE 0.0313 1.26
l-PENTANE 0.0203 0.81
NITROGEN 0.5617 0.00
METHANE 86.5755 876.40
:ARBON DIOXIDE 1.9007 o.oo
3THANE 9.2129 163.41
TOTAL 100.0000 1087.41
Compressibility Factor
Seating Value Gross BTU Dry
Seating Value Gross BTU Sat.
leating Value Gross BTU Act.
Seating Value Net BTU Act.
Relative Density Gas Corr. =
Total Unnormalized Cone.
3as Density lbm/1000 ft3
RelDens
0.0008
0.0212
0.0025
0.0031
0.0000
0.0008
0.0005
0.0054
0.4795
0.0289
0.0956
0.6384
1.0026
1090.22
1071.25
1090.22
984 .98
0.6398
101.914
48.943
                  3,fc?

-------
Iculation Results from CO  St U Stream 1 Fri Apr 02 10:58:38 1999
MolPct BTUGross
1EXANE 0.0452
DPANE 0.6437
BUTANE 0.0986
BUTANE 0.1148
DPENTANE 0.0000
PENTANE 0.0383
PENTANE 0.0266
TROGEN 1.2024
THANE 92.6941
^BON DIOXIDE 1.5694
iANE 3.5669
2
16
3
3
0
1
1
0
938
0
63
TAL 100.0000 1029
npressibility Factor
ating Value Gross BTU Dry
ating Value Gross BTU Sat
ating Value Gross BTU Act
ating Value Net BTU Act.
Lative Density Gas Corr.
:al Unnormalized Cone.
3 Density lbm/1000 ft3


.
.




.39
.23
.21
.75
.00
.54
.07
.00
.34
.00
.27
. 81
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
RelDens
0.0015
0.0098
0.0020
0.0023
0.0000
0.0010
0.0007
0.0116
0.5134
0.0238
0.0370
0.6031
1.0022
1032 .10
1014.14
1032.10
930.84
0.6042
99.973
46.223
             A/F*

-------
HEXANE 0.0642 3.40
-OPANE 5.6997 143.74
BUTANE 2.8552 93.06
BUTANE 2.8895 94.48
iOPENTANE 0.0000 0.00
PENTANE 0.9944 39.88
PENTANE 1.0239 41.14
-TROGEN 4.9212 0.00
]THANE 69.5123 703.67
JIBON DIOXIDE 1.0768 0.00
nHANE 10.9627 194.45
)TAL 100.0000 1313.82
impressibility Factor
Bating Value Gross BTU Dry
mating Value Gross BTU Sat.
mating Value Gross BTU Act.
mating Value Net BTU Act.
jlative Density Gas Corr.
)tal Unnormalized Cone. =
is Density lbm/1000 ft3
0.0021
0.0868
0.0573
0.0580
0.0000
0.0248
0.0255
0.0476
0.3850
0.0164
0.1138
0.8173
1.0041
1319.16
1296.21
1319.16
1199.68
0.8203
102.542
62.748

-------
                                                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                    APPENDIX O


                          GAS ANALYSIS CALIBRATIONS
Emissions Testing                                                    Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                             Calibration
                                           Run 3  of  3
ate-Time:  03/30/99 09:04
:ream:  1  Stream 1
)alyzer: CO St U
ompany:  Daniel Industries
           Analysis Time: 440    Cycle Time: 455
           Mode: FCAL      Cycle Start Time: 08:57
           Strm Seq:l
  COMPONENT
     NAME
-HEXANE
^OPANE
-BUTANE
-BUTANE
50PENTANE
-PENTANE
-PENTANE
[TROGEN
ETHANE
^RBON DIOXIDE
:HANE

:TIVE ALARMS
  CAL
 CONC.
 0.20000
 1.00000
 0.20100
 0.20000
 0.00000
 0.20000
 0.20000
 1.98000
90.01900
 2.00000
 4 .00000
RAW DATA

8.90044e+5
2.88958e+6
 6.7546e+5
6.91092e+5
   0.00000
 7.1876e+5
6.69376e+5
3.34409e+6
1.24621e+8
3.58061e+6
 6.7867e+6
 NEW RF

4.45022e+6
2.88958e+6
 3.36056+6
3.45546e+6
   0.00000
 3.5938e+6
3.34688e+6
1.688936+6
1.384386+6
 1.7903e+6
1.696686+6
RF
DEV.
-0.
-1.
-1.
-1.
-0.
-1.
-3.
-0.
-0.
-2.
-4.
NEW RT

51
01
44
51
26
84
19
88
95
59
81

67
124
156
171
0
245
268
317
325
377
416

.8
.3
.9
.9
. 0
.4
.6
.8
.3
.2
. 8
RT
DEV.
0.
0.
0.
0.
-0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.


00
20
26
23
17
29
26
11
11
08
07

-------
:alculation Results from CO St U Stream 1 Tue Mar 30 09:10:04 1999
i-HEXANE
.-BUTANE
i- BUTANE
JEOPENTANE
.-PENTANE
i-PENTANE
NITROGEN
1ETHANE
:ARBON DIOXIDE
ETHANE .
TOTAL
Tompressibility Factor
leating Value Gross BTU Dry
leating Value Gross BTU Sat.
Seating Value Gross BTU Act.
Seating Value Net BTU Act.
Relative Density Gas Corr .
Total  Unnormalized Cone.
3as  Density lbm/1000 ft3
MolPct
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
89
2
4
100
.1999
.0010
.2020
.2009
.0000
.2013
.2029
.9768
.8754
.0206
.1192
.0000
BTUGross
10
25
6
6
0
8
8
0
909
0
73
1048
.57
.24
.58
.57
.00
.07
.15
.00
.81
.00
.06
.07
RelDens
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0066
.0152
.0041
.0040
.0000
.0050
.0051
.0191
.4978
.0307
.0428
.6304
                                    1.0024
                                   1050.54
                                   1032.26
                                   1050.54
                                    948.44
                                    0.6317
                                    99.894
                                    48.321
 J

-------
                              Calibration
                                Run 3  of 3
)ate-Time: 03/31/99  09:43
itream: 1  Stream 1
'lalyzer: CO St U
:ompany: Daniel Industries
Analysis Time: 440    Cycle Time: 455
Mode: FCAL      Cycle Start Time: 09:36
Strm Seq:l
COMPONENT
NAME
L-HEXANE
'ROPANE
-BUTANE
.-BUTANE
'EOPENTANE
-PENTANE
- PENTANE
ITROGEN
ETHANE
ARBON DIOXIDE
THANE
CAL
CONC.
0.20000
1.00000
0 .20100
0.20000
0 .00000
0.20000
0.20000
1.98000
90.01900
2.00000
4.00000
R

9
2
6
6


5
3
1
3
6
                          RAW DATA

                             02712e+5
                             91049e+6
                             81304e+5
                             974e+005
                             0.00000
                            6.8648e+5
                             88928e+5
                             35962e+6
                             25301e+8
                             41969e+6
                          6.00441e+6
            NEW RF

           4.51356e+6
           2.91049e+6
           3.38957e+6
           3.487e+006
              0.00000
            3.4324e+6
           2.94464e+6
           1.696786+6
           1.391946+6
           1.70984e+6
            1.5011e+6
RF
DEV.
 -0.09
  0.16
  0.26
  0.09
 -0.26
 -0.38
 -0.48
 -0.16
  0 .00
  1.87
  4.53
NEW RT

   67.8
  125.2
  158.2
  173 .4
    0.0
  248.0
  271.4
  318.5
  326.1
  378 .2
  418 .0
RT
 DEV.
   0.00
   0.72
   0.83
   0.87
  -0.17
   1.06
   1.04
   0.22
   0.25
   0.27
   0.29
CTIVE ALARMS
one
                                              C

-------
Jalculation  Results from CO St U Stream 1 Wed Mar 31 10:01:21 1999
i-HEXANE
  )PANE
.-BUTANE
i-BUTANE
JEOPENTANE
,-PENTANE
i-PENTANE
NITROGEN
METHANE
:ARBON DIOXIDE
3THANE
TOTAL
  MolPct
  0.2001
  0.9998
  0.2006
  0.1996
  0.0000
  0.2017
  0.2030
  1.9811
 90.0359
  1.9890
  3.9892
100.0000
BTUGross
   10.59
   25.21
    6.54
    6.53
    0.00
    8.09
    8.16
    0.00
  911.43
    0.00
   70.76
 1047.30
Tompressibility Factor
ieating Value Gross BTU Dry
Seating Value Gross BTU Sat.
-ieating Value Gross BTU Act.
ieating Value Net BTU Act.
Relative Density Gas Corr.
Total  Unnormalized Cone.
3as  Density lbm/1000 ft3
RelDens
 0.0066
 0.0152
 0.0040
 0.0040
 0.0000
 0.0050
 0.0051
 0.0192
 0.4987
 0.0302
 0.0414
 0.6295

 1.0024
1049.76
1031.50
1049.76
 947.71
 0.6307
 99.936
 48.247

-------
                             Calibration
                                Run 3  of 3
ate-Time:  04/01/99 10:11
tream:  1  Stream 1
''.alyzer: CO St U
ompany:  Daniel Industries
Analysis Time: 500    Cycle Time: 515
Mode: FCAL      Cycle Start Time: 10:03
Strm Seq:l
COMPONENT
NAME
-HEXANE
ROPANE
-BUTANE
-BUTANE
ZOPENTANE
- PENTANE
- PENTANE
ITROGEN
3THANE
\RBON DIOXIDE
THANE

CAL
RAW DATA
NEW RF
CONC.
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
90
2
4
.20000
.00000
.20100
.20000
.00000
.20000
.20000
.98000
.01900
.00000
.00000
1
3
7
7

7
6
3
1

1
.01376e+6
.07751e+6
.19112e+5
.36268e+5
0.00000
.18312e+5
.10704e+5
.54483e+6
.32068e+8
1. 9636e+6
.48435e+6
5
3
3
3

3
3
1
1
9
3
.06882e+6
.07751e+6
.57767e+6
.68134e+6
0.00000
.59156e+6
.05352e+6
.79032e+6
.46711e+6
.818e+005
.71088e+5
RF
DEV
12
5
5
5
-0
4
2
5
5
-42
-75
NEW RT RT
.
.43
.79
.55
.62
.26
.22
.51
.45
.36
.79
.49

67
128
162
178
0
255
279
336
344
397
439

.8
.7
.9
.5
.0
.4
.6
.9
.6
.2
.0
DEV.
0.
2 .
-0.
0 .
-0 .
-0.
-0.
0.
0.
0.
1.

00
80
06
28
17
23
14
87
76
81
15
:TIVE ALARMS
Dne

-------
:alculation Results from CO St  U Stream 1 Thu Apr 01  11:56:39  1999
MolPct BTUGross
i-HEXANE 0.1998
j"*)PANE 0.9998
i-BUTANE 0.2008
a-BUTANE 0.1996
SIEOPENTANE 0.0000
i-PENTANE 0.1997
n-PENTANE 0.1991
NITROGEN 1.9711
METHANE 89.9739
CARBON DIOXIDE 2.0097
ETHANE 4.0466
10
25
6
6
0
8
8
0
910
0
71
TOTAL 100.0000 1047
Compressibility Factor
Heating Value Gross BTU Dry
Heating Value Gross BTU Sat
Heating Value Gross BTU Act
Heating Value Net BTU Act.
Relative Density Gas Corr .
Total Unnormalized Cone.
3as Density lbm/1000 ft3


.
.




.56
.21
.54
.53
.00
.01
.00
.00
.81
.00
.77
.44
—
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
RelDens
0.0066
0.0152
0.0040
0.0040
0.0000
0.0050
0.0050
0.0191
0.4984
0.0305
0.0420
0.6298
1.0024
1049 .91
1031.64
1049.91
947 .85
0.6310
100.097
48.271

-------
ite-Time:  04/02/99  10:22
iream:  1   Stream  1
Lalyzer: CO St U
)mpany: Daniel Industries
                             Calibration
                                Run 3   of  3
Analysis Time: 500    Cycle Time: 515
Mode: FCAL      Cycle Start Time: 10:13
Strm Seq:l
COMPONENT
NAME
•HEXANE
10 PANE
•BUTANE
BUTANE
10PENTANE
PENTANE
PENTANE
TROGEN
;THANE
JIBON DIOXIDE
'HANE

CAL
RAW DATA
NEW RF
CONG.
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
90
2
4
.20000
.00000
.20100
.20000
.00000
.20000
.20000
.98000
.01900
.00000
.00000
1
3
7
7

7
6
3
1
1
1
.02768e+6
.10594e+6
.25668e+5
.40228e+5
0.00000
.19592e+5
.04808e+5
.57092e+6
.32971e+8
.86444e+6
.30797e+6
5
3
3
3

3
3
1
1

3
.13838e+6
.10594e+6
.61029e+6
. 70114e+6
0.00000
.59796e+6
.02404e+6
.80349e+6
.47714e+6
9.3222e+5
.26992e+5
RF
DEV
1
0
0
0
-0
0
-1
-0
0
-3
-8
NEW RT RT
,
.39
.83
.61
.45
.26
.21
.12
.20
.77
.57
.45

67
129
163
179
0
256
280
337
344
397
439

.8
.0
.4
. 0
.0
.2
.4
.1
.8
.2
.2
DEV.
0.00
0.16
0.25
0.20
-0.17
0.23
0.25
0.03
0 .03
0 .00
0 .05
:TIVE ALARMS
;cess Response  Factor  Deviation

-------
Talculation Results  from CO  St  U Stream  1 Fri Apr  02  10:36:14  1999
MolPct BTUGross
i^HEXANE 0.2013
"^PANE 1.0026
.-BUTANE 0.2013
i-BUTANE 0.2000
JEOPENTANE 0.0000
L - PENTANE 0.1996
i-PENTANE 0.1969
NITROGEN 1.9639
4ETHANE 90.2045
ZARBON DIOXIDE 1.9667
ZTHANE 3.8632
10.
25.
6.
6.
0.
8.
7.
0.
913.
0.
68.
TOTAL 100.0000 1046.
Compressibility Factor
Seating Value Gross BTU Dry
Seating Value Gross BTU Sat
Seating Value Gross BTU Act
Seating Value Net BTU Act.
Relative Density Gas Corr.
Total Unnormalized Cone.
3as Density lbm/1000 ft3


.
.




64
28
56
54
00
00
91
00
14
00
52
61
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
RelDens
0.0067
0.0153
0.0040
0.0040
0.0000
0.0050
0.0049
0.0190
0.4996
0.0299
0. 0401
0.6285
1.0024
1049.07
1030.81
1049.07
947.04
0.6297
100.587
48.172

-------
                                                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                    APPENDIX P

                          GAS ANALYSIS CALCULATIONS
Emissions Testing                                                     Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
GAS ANALYSIS CALCULATIONS
Gas Analysis Date || 29-Mar-99 || 30-Mar-99 || 31-Mar-99 || 1-Apr-99 || 2-Apr-99 ||
Constituent II Mol. Fraction || Mol. Fraction || Mol. Fraction || Mol. Fraction ]| Mol. Fraction
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX.
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +
1 .0400
1 .5371
92.0703
4.4622
0.6198
0.0819
00933
0.0319
0.0214
0.0421
0.7384
1.6101
89.3239
6.9686
1 .0497
0.1027
0.1201
0.0292
0.0204
0.0369
0.6442
1.4643
89.6529
66964
1 1695
0.1280
0.1505
0.0370
0.0236
0.0335
0.5617
1.9007
86.5755
9.2129
1.3951
0.1260
0.1538
00313
00203
0.0228
1 .2024
1 .5694
92.6941
35669
0.6437
0.0986
0.1148
0.0383
00266
0.0452











Heating Values ||
Lower Dry
Upper Dry
937.44
1039.2
964.30
I 1068.1
967.60
1071.7
984.98 _j
10902
930.84
1032.10


| Properties II
Specific Gravity
Density
|| 0 6065
|| 0.0464
0 6229
00476
0 6219
0 0476
0.6398 j
0.0489 |
0 6042 ||
0 0462 ||
Constituent || Mass Fraction || Mass Fraction || Mass Fraction || Mass Fraction ]} Mass Fraction ||
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX.
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +
0.2913
06765
147710
1.3418
0.2733
00476
00542
0.0230
0.0154
00404
0.2069
07086
143304
2.0955
04629
0.0597
00698
0.0211
0.0147
0.0354
0.1805
06444
14.3831
2.0136
05157
0.0744
00875
00267
00170
00321
0.1574
0.8365
138894
27703
0.6152
0.0732
00894
00226
0.0146
0.0219
0.3368
0.6907
148711
1.0726
0.2839
0.0573
0.0667
00276
0.0192
0.0434










Fuel MW Total
Fuel MW HC
|| 17.5346
|| 16.5668
180049 j
17.0894
17.9751 _]
17.1502 |
18.4906 |
17.4967 |
1 ^ .4693
16.4417


Constituent || Density || Density || Density || Density || Density ||
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX.
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +
00769
0.1787
3.9010
03544
0.0722
0.0126
0.0143
0.0061
00041
0.0135
00546
0.1872
37847
05534
01223
0.0158
0.0184
00056
00039
0.0118
0 0477
0.1702
3.7986
0.5318
01362
0.0197
0.0231
0.0071
00045
0.0107
0.0416
0.2209
3.6682
0.7317
0.1625
0.0193
0.0236
0.0060
0.0039
0.0073
0.0890
01824
3.9274
02833
00750
0.0151
0.0176
00073
0.0051
0.0145










(Calculated Density || 0.0463 || 0.0476 || 0 0475
0.0488 |
0.0462 || |l

Carbon In Fuel
Pet. Carbon In Fuel
Comb. Carbon In HC
Comb. Hydrogen In HC
105.6111
00602
1040740
402.9938
1093809
0.0608
107.7708
410 8446
109.6365
0.0610
108.1722
4121272
112.6013 I
0.0609
110.7006
416.4766 J
104.7777
0.0600
103.2083
400.8730

...


H/C Ratio-Total Fuel
H/C Ratio-HC Only
H/C Ratio-Non CH4
3.8158
38722
28918
37561
38122
29029
3 7590 || 3.6987
3.8099 3.7622
2 8897 II 2 9088
3 8259
3.8841
28625
H
LJ

-------
GAS ANALYSIS CALCULATIONS
Fuel Calculations
Total HC in Fuel(Hh)
HC1/Hh
HC2/HH
HC3/HH
HC4/Hh
HC5/Hh
HCS/Hh

97.4229
0.9451
0.0458
0.0064
0.0018
0.0005
0.0004
97.6515
0.9147
00714
0.0107
0.0023
0.0005
0.0004
97.8914
0.9158
0.0684
0.0119
0.0028
0.0006
0.0003
97.5377
0.8876
0.0945
0.0143
0.0029
0.0005
0.0002
97.2282
0.9534
0.0367
0.0066
0.0022
0.0007
0.0005







MW of HC in Fuel
                              17.0050
                                          17.5004
                                                       17.5197
                                                                   179384
                                                                               169104
Non CH4 Fuel Calc.
Total HC - Non CH4
NmC2/Nmh
NmC3/Nmh
NmC4/Nmh
NmC5/Nmh
NmC6/Nmh

5.3526
0.8337
0.1158
0.0327
0.0100
0.0079
8.3276
0.8368
0.1261
0.0268
0.0060
0.0044
8.2385
0.8128
0.1420
0.0338
0.0074
0.0041
10.9622
0.8404
0.1273
0.0255
0.0047
0.0021
4.5341
0.7867
0.1420
0.0471
0.0143
0.0100






MW of Non CH4 HC
                              33.5501
                                          33.1316
                                                       33.5874
                                                                   32.9066
                                                                               346413
Constituent || Mol. Fraction || Mol. Fraction || Mol. Fraction l| Mol. Fraction
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX.
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +
1 .0400
1 5371
92.0703
4.4622
0.6198
0.0819
0.0933
00319
0.0214
00421
0.7384
1.6101
89.3239
6.9686
1 .0497
0 1027
0.1201
00292
0.0204
0.0369
0.6442
1.4643
89 6529
6.6964
1.1695
0.1280
0.1505
0.0370
0.0236
0.0335
0.5617
1.9007
86.5755
9.2129
1.3951
0.1260
0.1538
00313
0.0203
0.0228
Mol. Fraction J|
1 .2024
1 .5694
92.6941
3.5669
0.6437
00986
0.1148
00383
0.0266
0.0452










F-Factor Calculation ||
Constituent || Mol. Fraction || Mol. Fraction || Mol. Fraction || Mol. Fraction U Mol. Fraction ||
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX.
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +
0.010400
0.015371
0.920703
0.044622
0.006198
0.000819
0.000933
0.000319
0.000214
0.000421
0.007384
0.016101
0.893239
0 069686
0.010497
0.001027
0.001201
0.000292
0 000204
0.000369
0.006442
0.014643
0.896529
0.066964
0.011695
0.001280
0.001505
0.000370
0.000236
0.000335
0.005617
0.019007
0 865755
0.092129
0.013951
0.001260
0.001538
0.000313
0.000203
0.000228
0.012024
0.015694
0.926941
0.035669
0.006437
0.000986
0.001148
0.000383
0.000266
0.000452











-------
GAS ANALYSIS CALCULATIONS
[Fuel MW Total
17.5346
                                         18.0049
|Upper Dry Heating Value
|Fuel Density
|| 1039.24
_|| 0.04639
I
|
1068.11
0.04764
1071.73
0.04757
1090.22
0.04894 j
1032.10
0.04621


lEPA F-Factor (dscf/MMBtu)
                              8660.0
                                         86649
Carbon Content
Constituent
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX.
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +

0.000000
0.015371
0.920703
0 08S244
0018594
0.003276
0.003732
0.001595
0.001070
0.002820
Carbon Wt %• II 0.723655
0.000000
0.016101
0.893239
0 139372
0.031491
0.004108
0 004804
0.001460
0001020
0.002471
0.729878
0.000000
0.014643
0 896529
0.133928
0.035085
0.005120
0.006020
0001850
0.001180
0.002244
0.000000
0.019007
0.865755
0184258
0.041853
0.005040
0.006152
0001565
0.001015
0.001527
0.000000
0.015694
0 926941
0.071338
0.019311
0 003944
0.004592
0.001915
0.001330
0.003027
0.732778 || 0.731563 || 0.720647









=
Hydrogen Content
Constituent
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +

0.000000 |[ 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
3.682812 || 3.572956
0.267732 || 0.418116
0 049584 || 0.083976
0.008190 || 0.010270
0.009330 || 0.012010
0.003828 || 0 003504
0.002568 || 0.002448
0.006481 || 0.005681
Hydrogen Wt. %: || 0.231700 || 0.230039
[ 0.000000 || 0.000000 |
[ 0.000000 || 0.000000 ]
| 3.586116 || 3.463020 ]
| 0.401784 _j 0.552774 J
| 0.093560 | 0.111608 |
| 0.012800 0.012600
| 0.015050 0.015380
| 0.004440 | 0.003756
| 0.002832 	 | 0.002436
| 0.005157 || 0.003510
| 0.231137 || 0.227056
0.000000 || |
0.000000 ||
3.707764 |
0.214014
0 051 496
0.009860
0 011480
0.004596 ||
0.003192 ||
0.006958
0.231346
Oxygen Content
Constituent
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX.
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +
Oxygen Wt. %:

0 000000 || 0.000000 || 0.000000
0.030742 || 0.032202 || 0.029286
0.000000 || 0.000000 || 0.000000
0 000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000 |
0038014
0.000000
0.031388 |
0.000000
o.oobbdb || o.oooobo
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000 || 0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0 000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.028050 || 0.028615 || 0.026067 |] 0.032892 || 0.028747
_


=

=

Nitrogen Content
Constituent
NITROGEN
CARBON DIOX.
METHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
I-BUTANE
N-BUTANE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
HEXANE +

0.020800 || 0.014768
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 J[ 0.000000
0 000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
Nitrogen Wt %• || 0016615 || 0.011489

0.012884 ||_ 0.011234 ]
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000 || 0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
i 0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
[ 0.000000 || 0.000000
I o.oooooo J| o.oooooo
[ 0.010040 || 0.008510

0.024048
0.000000
H
o.oooooo li
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
I 0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.019281
—
=


-------
                                                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                   APPENDIX Q


                  STOICHIOMETRIC AIR/FUEL CALCULATION
Emissions Testing                                                   Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
MWave=    17.5673
MWave =  28.58935
    of Elements
Urban and Sharp, 1994
A/Fstoich!  16.1532

-------
                                Stoichiometric Air/Fuel Ratio Calculation
                                      Combustion Stoichiometry
                                        Analysis Date: 3/30/99
                                                Fuel
  Constit.
              Mole
              MW
            MW*
            C content
           H content
         O content
N content
                        Fraction
                                 Mole. Frac.
 :H4
   89.3239
  0.893239
 16.0426
 14.329876
  0.893239
3.572956
 ;2H6
    6.9686
  0.069686
 30.0694
2.09541621
  0.139372
0.418116
C3H8
    1.0497
   0.01050
 44.0962
0.46287781
  0.031491
0.083976
 :4H10
    0.2228
   0.00223
  58.123
0.12949804
  0.008912
 0.02228
C6H14
    0.0369
   0.00037
 86.1766
0.03179917
  0.002214
0.005166
 10H22
    0.0496
   0.00050
142.2838
0.07057276
   0.00496
0.010912
                0.7384
             0.007384
              28.0134
         0.20685095
                                                0.014768
O2
                          31.9988
CO2
    1.6101
  0.016101
 44.0098
0.70860179
  0.016101
           0.032202
Sums
       100
                                               4.113406   0.032202
                                                         0.014768
                                Air
  Constit.
              Mole
              MW
            MW*
           O2 normal
                        Fraction
                                  Mole. Frac.
N2
77.1626572
0.77162657
 28.0134
21.6158838
3.77372542
O2
20.4473428
0.20447343
 31.9988
6.54290433
         1
H20
      2.39
    0.0239
 18.0152
0.43056328
 0.1168856
Sums
                     1
 MW of Elements
                 12.011
                 1.0079
 N
    14.0067
                15.9994
 Urban and Sharp, 1994
 y =
               3.752118
 z =
               0.029373
 f =
    0.01347
 A =
   1.923342
 A/Fs =
 A/Fstoich

-------
                                Stoichiometric Air/Fuel Ratio Calculation
                                      Combustion Stoichiometry
                                        Analysis Date: 3/31/99
                                                Fuel
  Constit.
              Mole
              MW
            MW*
            C content
          H content
         O content
N content
                        Fraction
                                  Mole. Frac.
               89.6529
             0.896529
              16.0426
         14.3826561
             0.896529
           3.586116
                6.6964
             0.066964
              30.0694
          2.0135673
             0.133928
           0.401784
                1.1695
               0.01170
              44.0962
         0.51570506
             0.035085
            0.09356
C4H10
    0.2785
   0.00279
  58.123
0.16187256
 0.01114
 0.02785
C6H14
    0.0335
   0.00034
 86.1766
0.02886916
 0.00201
 0.00469
C10H22
    0.0606
   0.00061
142.2838
0.08622398
 0.00606
0.013332
N2
    0.6442
  0.006442
 28.0134
0.18046232
                                                                                             0.012884
O2
                          31.9988
CO2
    1.4644
  0.014644
 44.0098
0.64447951
0.014644
                                                                                  0.029288
                                Air
  Constit.
              Mole
              MW
            MW*
           O2 normal
                        Fraction
                                  Mole. Frac.
N2
77.1626572
0.77162657
 28.0134
                                              21.6158838
           3.77372542
O2
20.4473428
0.20447343
 31.9988
                                              6.54290433
                                                      1
H20
      2.39
    0.0239
 18.0152
                                              0.43056328
            0.1168856
Sums
                    1
MW of Elements
C
    12.011
                1.0079
               14.0067
O
   15.9994
Urban and Sharp, 1994
y =
3.75418139
z =
0.02664008
f =
0.01171916
A =
1.92522531
A/Fs =

-------
                                Stoichiometric Air/Fuel Ratio Calculation
                                      Combustion Stoichiometry
                                        Analysis Date: 4/1/99
                                                                      4.169926    0.038014
MW of Elements
Urban and Sharp, 1994
A/Fstoich =    16.06432

-------
                                 Stoichiometric Air/Fuel Ratio Calculation
                                       Combustion Stoichiometry
                                         Analysis Date: 4/2/99
                                                 Fuel
  Constit.
              Mole
            MW
            MW*
C content
                                                                     H content
                                                                    O content
                                                                  N content
                         Fraction
                                  Mole. Frac.
CH4
   92.6941
0.926941
                                      16.0426
         14.8705437
  0.926941
                                                           3.707764
C2H6
    3.5669
0.035669
                                      30.0694
         1.07254543
                                               0.071338
             0.214014
C3H8
    0.6437
0.006437
                                      44.0962
         0.28384724
                                               0.019311
                                             0.051496
C4H10
    0.2134
0.002134
                                       58.123
         0.12403448
                                               0.008536
                                              0.02134
C6H14
    0.0452
0.000452
                                      86.1766
         0.03895182
                                               0.002712
                                             0.006328
C10H22
    0.0649
0.000649
142.2838
                                              0.09234219
                                                0.00649
             0.014278
                                                                                                    0
N2
                1.2024
             0.012024
            28.0134
                                              0.33683312
                                                                 0
                                                                                             0.024048
O2
                     0
                    0
            31.9988
                                                                                                    0
CO2
    1.5694
0.015694
                                      44.0098
                                   0.6906898
                       0.015694
                                                 MW
                                             O2 normal
                        Fraction
                                  Mole. Frac.
N2
            77.1626572
           0.7716265
                                      28.0134
                     21.6158838
                                             3.77372542
O2
20.4473428
                       0.2044734
            31.9988
                                  6.54290433
                                                                  1
H2O
      2.39
                           0.023
            18.0152
                                  0.43056328
                                                          0.1168856
bums
MW of Elements
C
                12.011
                1.0079
               14.0067
O
               15.9994
Urban and Sharp, 1994
            3.82030062
            0.02986427
            0.02288059
            1.94014302
 VFs =
16.1028907
A/Fstoich =
  16.10289

-------
                                                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                    APPENDIX R

         COMPUTING AIR/FUEL RATIO FROM EXHAUST COMPOSITION
Emissions Testing                                                    Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
                                                              ICE-Vol. 24, Natural Gas and Alternative Fuels for Engines
                                                                                                            ASME1994
                       COMPUTING AIR/FUEL  RATIO FROM  EXHAUST COMPOSITION
                                                    Charles M. Urban
                                            Department of Emissions Research
                                               Southwest Research Institute
                                                    San Antonio, Texas

                                                  Christopher A. Sharp
                                            Department of Emissions Research
                                               Southwest Research Institute
                                                    San Antonio, Texas
ABSTRACT
 Alternative fuels, catalytic converters, and high scavenging ratios
necessitate refined approaches toward calculating air/fuel ratio from
measured exhaust composition. Computation methods were developed
for most of the situations encountered, including a method based on
oxidation potential for use in catalyst applications.  The methods
developed, along with the  technical basis and  derivations,  are
provided in this paper.
INTRODUCTION
 This is the third in a series of technical papers involving emissions
related computations for alternative fuels. The two previous papers
by Urban et al (1992 and 1993) involved hydrogen and natural gas
engines. The subject of this paper is the computation of air/fuel ratio,
from exhaust composition, for combustion of any carbon-containing
fuel. Computations provided in this paper were developed as a result
of specific needs within the laboratory of the authors. It is hoped that
providing  these  computations will save others from having to go
through the mathematical derivation exercise, when the need arises in
their activities.
  Over the past almost 100 years, there have been several periods of
jevelopment of air/fuel ratio calculations.  The most recent extensive
Jevelopment was in the 1960's, which is considered exemplified by
 the "landmark" technical paper by £pindt (1965).  With the wide-
spread use  of alternative fuels and  personal computers, further
development of APR calculational methods has again become both
essential and practical. Any who are interested in the history of the
development of air/fuel ratio calculations are referred to a technical
paper of a  few  years  ago by Uyehara(1991),  which  contains
numerous pertinent references.

DERIVATION APPROACH
  After a  brief review of previous efforts toward developing air/fuel
ratio (APR) calculations for alternate fuels, the decision was made to
begin with the basic combustion equation and to  include as many of
the potential fuel and exhaust constituents as practical in developing
standard  APR   computations.    Another approach   involved
determination of an "oxidation potential" for use when the APR is
very near stoichiometric. It was also decided that no laboratory effort
would be conducted in this endeavor, and that the literature would be
relied on to provide a suitable water-gas equilibrium  constant.
  In  this  paper, multiplication will be designated by  an asterisk (*)
and  division will be designated by an oblique line (/). Rather than
have a list of definitions to which  the reader must continually refer,
an attempt  has been  made to minimize the number of terms and
identifiers requiring definition, and to provide necessary definitions
at the point where needed.


-------
Water-Gas Equilibrium Constant
 At  the present time, water and hydrogen are not measured in the
exhaust.   The hydrogen  (H2)  concentration  is  related to  the
concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and
water (H2O) as follows:

                   C02 + H2 ±? CO +  H,0

Extent of reaction is defined by the water-gas equilibrium constant (k)
defined as follows:

                   k =  CO»H,O / CO2-H-,
  An initial question is whether k is really a constant.  The answer
appears to be that k is not an actual constant, and an absolute value
for k is not known and For practical purposes, however, the value of
k is adequately known and sufficiently constant to enable acceptable
computation of APR.
  Reported values for k have ranged from a  low of 3 to a high of 4,
but the predominant accepted value appears to be 3.5.^4) First, let us
look  at the effect of variation in the value of k on  computed APR.
The error in calculated AFR with variation in k is approximately as
follows:

 % Error in AFR  « 0.0025«[(% Variation in k)-(Exh  %CO)-HCR]

         Where:   HCR = Fuel Hydrogen to Carbon Ratio
                          (Aloms of H per atom of C)

  Even taking a worst case of ten percent variation in k, ten percent
CO in the exhaust, and a fuel HCR of 4, the error in computed AFR
would only be a  relatively insignificant one percent. Therefore, the
predominantly-used value for k of 3.5 will be used in developing the
computations in this paper.
  It should be pointed out that the value of k could change when  a
catalyst is being used, because the activity of the catalyst on CO and
H2 can differ, and the resulting concentrations may not equilibrate.
Error in calculated AFR would generally be insignificant, however,
because with a catalyst in the exhaust stream, concentrations of CO
and H2 will generally be low.

Combustion  Equation
  Based on  review of  numerous equations  over  the  years, the
usefulness of meaningful variable names has been  well established.
In this paper, fuel components will be expressed as atoms and exhaust
constituents will  be expressed as molecules. The generally used x, y,
and  z for  the fuel components of carbon  (C), hydrogen (H), and
oxygen (O) will be retained, and an "f" will  be used for  all other
components of the fuel.  Variable names for  exhaust constituents,
other than oxygen (O2), will be the first letter of the  last word in their
 names (e.g., d for CO2, n for oxides of nitrogen (NOX), w for water
 (H20), etc.).  A  "t", rather than an "o", is used for exhaust O2,  to
 eliminate possible confusion between the letter "o"  and zero, and an
 "A" is used for air (rather than an "a").
 Therefore, to follow  the equations in this paper, it will only be
necessary to memorize  the variables designated by "f " and "t" and to
remember the process used in naming the other variables.  Also, in an
attempt to make the equations less confusing, from this point forward.
subscripts will  not be used (e.g., CO2 = CO2, H,O = H2O. etc).

The combustion equation is as follows:

                FUEL  + AIR  -»  EXHAUST             (1)


    FUEL       = xC + yH + zO + fN

    AIR         = AO2 + [3.7742-AJN2

    EXHAUST  = cHC + mCO + hH2 + dCO2 + nNOX
                + wH20 + tO2 + [3.7742*A -0.5n]N2 + fN

 The fuel  components  are  to  include  all  of each  component.
regardless of  the  source (e.g., the C and  the O for  gaseous  fuels
include that from the CO2), and  the N  is  to include all components
that are not C. H, or O.  Initially, let x equal  1;  then y becomes the
hydrogen- to-carbon ratio (HCR),  and z becomes the oxygen-to-
carbon ratio of the fuel (on a per atom basis).  Note that the N2 in the
"AIR" includes all of  the constituents  of  air, other than oxygen, as
given on  Page  F-155 of the CRC  Handbook (1988). Also, the oxides
of nitrogen (NOX) are considered to be nitric oxide (NO), because the
ratio of NO to NO2 is generally unknown,  and the majority of the
NOX is generally NO  in raw exhaust.

COMPUTING STOICHIOMETRIC AFR
  For stoichiometric combustion  (c, m,  h, and t = 0, w = 0.5 y, and
n set = 0), the AFR can  be determined  as follows:

    SAFR  =  [A*(MWoj + 3.7742'MWNi)]
           /  {A We + y«AWn + z«AWo -t- f«AWN]

                Where:  A = 1 + 0.25y - 0.5z

         Note:  MW is molecular weight and AW is atomic weight

  Using the preceding value  for A and inserting the molecular and
atomic weights, the SAFR is as follows:
 SAFR
Notes:
            = (1 * 0-^y ~ 0.52)«(31.999 * 3.7742*28.159)
                   12.011 * l.OOSy + 15.999z * 14.007f


             The MW of 28.159 given for N2 is the average MW for
             all of the components in air, other than oxygen.

            • If some additional fuel  constituent other than the  N  is
              present in significant quantity, use  a corrected AW
              in  place of the 14.007  .
                                                                             SAFR
                     138.28»(1.0 * 0.25y - O.Sz)
                  12.011 * l.OOSy + 15.999z * 14.007f
                                                       (2)

-------
COMPUTING COMBUSTION APR
 This section of the paper describes the approach taken and provides
the  basic criteria applied  toward  computation of the combustion
air/fuel ratio (APR). The derivations of the equations for computing
the  APR are  given in the attachment to this paper.  In essence, the
computation  requires deriving the  value of variable "A" from the
exhaust constituents. This would involve a rather simple exercise if
the  concentrations of all exhaust constituents were known. Such is
not  the case,  however, because the amounts of hydrogen and water
from combustion are not generally measured, and at times oxygen is
not  measured.  The APR calculated is for dry air (does not include
humidity).   To compare the results  to an  APR calculated  from
measured fuel  and  air, the water vapor in the intake air must be
mathematically subtracted from the APR derived from measured fuel
and air or added to result derived from measured exhaust constituents.

Initial Conversion  of Input Data
 Initially all  fuel and exhaust composition data must be  converted
into consistent units. Assuming fuel components are input as  mass
fractions of the total fuel (i.e., Total Fuel = 1),  the conversions to
number of atoms of a fuel constituent per atom of carbon (or moles
per  mole) are as follows:

    FUEL FACTORS:                                     (3)
        x =  (FFC/FFC) « (12.011/12.011)   for carbon
        y =  (FFH/FFC)«(12.011/  1.008)   for hydrogen
        z =  (FFO/FFC) - (12.011/15.999)   for oxygen
        f = (FFX/FFC) « (12.011/AAWX)  for all other
          FF  = Fuel Fraction
          AAW = Average Atomic Weight (Use 14.007 if N or unknown)
          Use total C, H. and 0 - including that in C02, H20, etc.

 For the exhaust constituents, all measured concentrations must be
expressed  in percent  on a dry  basis.   Additionally,  the  C02
concentration must  be corrected for background (BG), and the HC
concentration must  be  corrected for FID response.  Equations for
performing the necessary conversions are as follows:

    CONVERSION EQUATIONS:  (Exhaust Constituents)         (4)

   Measured Dry (dew point less than -30°C):
        Dry %XX =  Measured %XX

   Measured Ice-Trap Dry (dew point 0°C to 2°C):
        Dry%XX =  (Measured %XX)» 1.0068

Nate: Following equations include constants derived empirically by primary author.
   Measured Wet (no water removed from sample):
        Dry%XX  - Wet%XX*[(100 +H2OFAC +HUMFAO/100]
            H20FAC » 0.005«y«%C02 + 0.005«y«%CO
                    -0.01»y«SAFR«[%CO +0.0121 *(%CO)2'6]
            HUMFAC = 0.168«HUM
              (HUM = Intake Humidity in grams/kg of dry air}.

   C02 Corrected  for Background CO2:
        %C02 = Measured %C02 - 1.1 »BG%CO2
               = Measured %CO2 - 0.04  (if BG%C02 not measured)
   HC Corrected for FID Response:
     %HC = Measured %HC / FID Response Factor
       If unknown: FIDRF = [0.87 +0.07*y -0.33»z]

Balance Equations and Water-Gas Ratio
 Three balance equations  can be generated from the  combustion
equation.  The equations (for carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen) are:

    BALANCE EQUATIONS:                             (5)
        Carbon Balance:
           1 = c + m 4d  (When x = I)
        Oxygen Balance:
           0.5z -f A = O.Szc + 0.5m + d + 0.5n + t + 0.5w
        Hydrogen Balance:
           0.5y = O.Syc + h -t- w     w = 0.5y - 0.5yc - h

 The water-gas  ratio  for determining exhaust H2  from measured
exhaust constituents is as follows:

        k  =3.5  = [CO«H20] / [H2-CO2]  = [m-w] / [h»d]
    Substituting for "w" and solving for "h" provides:
        h = [0.5m(y - c)] / [3.5d + m]                     (6)

Relating Variables To Concentrations
 The next requirement is to define the variables in the combustion
equation in terms of the measured values for the exhaust constituents.
This can be done in the form of ratios, as follows:

    c/c = %HC/%HC   m/c = %CO/%HC   d/c = %CO2/%HC
   Then substituting into the carbon balance equation:
         1  = c + m + d
         1  = c(%HC/%HC) + c(%CO/%HC) + c(%CO2/%HC)
        c = %HC / (%HC + %CO + %CO2)

   Solving all of the other variables in terms of the measured exhaust
constituents, in like manner, provides the following:

    VARIABLES IN TERMS OF CONCENTRATIONS:       (7)
         c  =  %HC   / (%HC -i-  %CO + %CO2)
         m =  %CO   / (%HC +  %CO + %CO2)
         d  =  %CO2  / (%HC +  %CO + %CO2)
         n  =  %NOX / (%HC -i-  %CO + %CO2)
         t  =  %O2   / (%HC +  %CO + %CO2)

Solution  of APR Equation
  At this point, all of the necessary conversions have been defined and
all of the necessary equations have been developed to enable deriving
the equations for computation of AFR. It only remains to carry the
resolution to a final solution.
  Initially, an attempt was made  to use the computer  to effect the
solution,  but  no  available program  was capable of  solving the
numerous simultaneous equations.    Therefore, the solution was
derived manually. The solution  is  included in Appendix A to the
extent practical.

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EQUATIONS FOR CALCULATING APR AND LAMBDA
 Computations of APR and Lambda (X) have been developed for
cases in which:

     • All exhaust constituents are measured;
     • All exhaust constituents, except oxygen, are measured;

     • Oxygen is the only exhaust constituent measured.

  Lambda is the combustion APR divided by the stoichiometric APR.
In the definition of lambda, the O in the exhaust NO is effectively
taken as being available oxygen.  With three-way catalyst systems,
the NO is the source for the oxygen  involved in oxidizing the CO .
Basic equations for calculation of APR and X are as follows:
      APR
                           138.28«A
             12.011 * 1.008«y  * 15.999-z + 28.016-f
                        = APR / SAFR
(8)
 (9)
  Derivations for most, and the computations for all. of the variables
(except "A") are provided in the text of this paper. Derivations for
"A" are more involved and are provided only in the attachment.  In
these applications, exhaust H2 concentration is computed (identified
as H2FAC) as follows:

            0.5»%CO'fy»(%HC-'-%C(>%C02) - %HC]
 All Exhaust Constituents Available
  For the situations  in which all exhaust constituents are measured,
 and it can be assumed that C02 and O2 are both measured with equal
 accuracy (accuracy as a percent of the measured value), the measured
 values of both are included in the computation.  In situations where
 the O2 measurements are  significantly less accurate than the CO2
 measurements, use the computation in the next section, in which an
 O2 value is  effectively derived from  the measured CO2.   The
 equation for computation of "A" when the measured CO2 and O2 are
 considered to be equally valid is as follows:
     =  [(0.5»z-0.25-y)«%HC + 0.5*%CO + %C02
        + 0.5«NOX + %O2 - 0.5-H2FAC]
        / [%HC+%CO+%CO2] +0.25«y -0.5«z
(11)
 Oxygen Balance Computation
   An oxygen balance computation (O2BAL) has been developed to
 indicate accuracy of the measured exhaust CO2 and O2, when both
 are measured.  In this process, an O2 value is calculated from the
 other exhaust constituents, and that calculated O2 value is compared
 to the measured O2 value.  Derivation of the balance computation is
 as follows:

         02BAL = [(%O2 - CALO2)*100.]
                   / [(A + 0.5*z)*(%HC+%CO+%CO2)]

             CALO2 = [Calculated t] -  [%HC+%CO+%C02]
             O2BAJL- %O2/(%HC*%CO*%CO2) - Calc. 1*100.]   (12)
                                      A + 0.5-Z

                  Calc. t = [20.946/(%HC+%CO+%CO2)]
                        - [(0.2095 -0.1976y +0.393z)c  - 0.6047m
                        + 0.1858h -d -0.5n -0.1976y -^.3953z -0.2095f]
            The  result in percent is  defined as the  difference between the
           measured O2 and the value O2 should be, assuming measured values
           of other exhaust constituents (primarily CO2) were exactly correct.
           In general, when the O2BAL value is significant (the primary author
           usually uses a limit  of two  percent),  either the O2 or  the CO2
           measurement is incorrect.
Exhaust O2 Concentration Not Available

When all exhaust  constituents, other  than O2,  are available,  the
computation  process computes  a  concentration for  O2.   This
calculated concentration is that which would be present, assuming the
measured concentrations for all the other exhaust constituents were
exact. When a valid exhaust O2 concentration is not available, the
equation for computation of "A" is as follows:

  A = [20.946 -(0.2095 +0.0524-y -0.1047-z)«%HC
     - 0.1047«%CO -0.3142-H2FAC] / [%HC+%CO+%CO2]
     + 0.0524«y-0.1047-z-0.2095*f                    (13)
            Only Exhaust CO2 or 02 Available
             When only the exhaust CO2 cchcentration or the O2 concentratior
            is available, and the concentrations of other exhaust constituents are
            known to be  negligible, it is possible to compute a reasonable
            estimate of APR. When only the exhaust CO2 or O2 is known, anc
            the other constituents are either unknown or negligible, the equation
            for "A" reduce to the following:
  CO2 Known:
     A = 20.946/%CO2 + 0.0524«y - 0.1047«z - 0.2095-f

  O2 Known:
     A =  [%O2»(4.7742 + 0.9435 «y - 1.8871«z + f )]
        / [100. - 4.7742»%O2]  + 1.0 + 0.25-y - 0.5«z


 APR  COMPUTATION  PROCESS
  Computation of APR is outlined as follows:

     1.   Compute fuel factors using Equations 3.
     2.   Convert emissions using Equations 4.

     3.   Compute A using Equation  11, 13. 14 or 15.

     4.   When Equation 10 is used, compute O2BAL

     5.   Compute SAFR and APR using Equations 2 and 8.

     6.   If A. is desired, compute using  Equation  9.
                                                                   (14
                                                                   (l:

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OXIDATION POTENTIAL PROCESS
  When the APR is very close to stoichiometric (such as with three-
way catalyst systems), the standard APR computation can result in
significant error, relative to the magnitude of the APR.  Under such
conditions, a better approach is to utilize an "oxidation  potential"
process  (OXIPOT).   This  process  is  related  to the REDOX
computation developed  by Gandhi et al (1976), and utilizes the
exhaust constituents that are present in relatively small quantities near
stoichiometric APR (OXIPOT process does not use CO2,  H2O, and
N2).  The  exhaust APR is stoichiometric,  relative  to  oxidation
potential, when:

    t -i- 0.5n =  (l+0.25y-0.5z)c + 0.5m + 0.5h

  The components having oxidizing potential are to the left of the
equal sign, and those having reducing potential are on the right of the
equal sign. OXIPOT is defined as the oxidizing potential divided by
the reducing potential:

    OXIPOT = [t +0.5n] / [(l+0.25y-0.5z)c +Q.Sm -i^.Sh]

  Solving OXIPOT in terms of the concentrations of the  exhaust
constituents results in (H2FAC from Equation 10):
    OXIPOT =
                       {2.«%O2 * %NOX]
               [(2.+0.5-y-z)»%HC * %CO * H2FAC]
(16)
            OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
             There are several other considerations, such as wet air-to-fuel ratio
            (WAFR), fuel-to-air ratio (FAR and WFAR), and air-to-combustible
            fuel ratio (ACFR and WACFR), that can be computed:
            Wet Air-to-Fuel Ratio
             Calculated dry APR can be converted to a  wet  air-to-fuel ratio
            (WAFR) as follow:

                    WAFR =  AFR*(1 + H/1000)                    (20)
                       H = Absolute humidity (grams of voter per tg of dry air)
            Fuel-to-Air Ratio
             Fuel-to-air ratio (FAR) is total fuel divided by dry air (FAR is the
            inverse of the APR):
                    FAR  = FUEL/AIR
                    FAR  = 1/AFR
                                                      (21)
              FAR divided by the stoichiometric FAR (SFAR) is identified as 41:
        4> =  FAR/SFAR

        <(> =  SAFR/AFR
                                                                   (22)
  It is also possible to calculate lambda (A = AFR/SAFR) using the
oxidation potential. The APR is stoichiometric when the total oxygen
from  the intake air is (2.  + 0.5»y - z), and the computation for
OXIPOTX is as follows:
        OXIPOT \  - [(2. * 0.5-y - z) * 02FAC]
                           [2. + 0.5*y - z]
(17)
           02FAC = [2.»%O2 +%NOX -(2.+0.5*y-z)*%HC
                    -%CO -H2FAC] / [%HC+%CO+%C02]


  The values for OXIPOT and OXIPOTX can be used in determining
 whether the exhaust composition is oxidizing (has  excess O2) or
 reducing (deficient in O2) as follows:

         OXIPOT or OXIPOTX k 1  Exhaust is Oxidizing   (18)
         OXIPOT or OXIPOTX S 1  Exhaust is Reducing   (19)
REFERENCES

 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 69th Edition, CRC Press.
Inc. 1988.
 Gandhi, H. S., Piken, A. G., Shelf, M., and Delosh, R. G., 1976
"Laboratory Evaluation of Three-Way Catalysts," SAE Paper 760201.
 Spindt, R. S., 1965, "Air-Fuel Ratios from Exhaust Gas  Analysis."
SAE Paper 650507.
 Urban, C. M., Fritz,  S.  G., 1992, "Computing  Emissions from
Hydrogen-Fueled Engines," ASME Paper 92-ICE-15.
 Urban, C. M.,  Sharp, C. A.,  1993, "Computing  Emissions from
Natural Gas and Dual-Fuel Engines," ASME Paper  93-ICE-29.
 Uyehara, O.. 1991, "A Method to Estimate H2 in Engine Exhaust,"
SAE Paper 910732.

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                                       APPENDIX A.  DERIVATIONS    -i'Sa       sr
 All of the equations derived in this appendix originate from the basic combustion equation given in the text, as (1), and repeated below:
        FUEL + AIR -»  EXHAUST                                                                         [A]

               FUEL      =  xC + yH + zO + fN
               AIR       =  AO2 + [3.7742«A]N2
               EXHAUST =  cHC + mCO + hH2 + dCO2 + nNOX + wH20 + tO2 -t- [3.7742«A -0.5n]N2 + fN
 In all cases, the derivation revolves around solving for the amount of air "A" in the combustion equation.  Fuel components are known,
but some of the some exhaust constituents are not known. Derivations presented cover two cases: when oxygen in the exhaust is measured,
in addition to HC, CO, C02, and NOX; and when oxygen is not measured.

OXYGEN MEASURED

 When oxygen is measured, the value of t is known, and the solution is reasonably straightforward.
 Begin with the equations:
        A =   O.Szc + 0.5m + d + 0.5n + t + 0.5w - 0.5z        (from the oxygen balance)                                 [E]

        w =   0.5y - 0.5yc - h                            (from the hydrogen balance)                               [C]

 Substituting [C] into [B] and simplifying yields:
        A = (0.5z -  0.2y)c + O.m  + d +0.5n + t -0.5h + 0.25y - 0.5z                              ,                     [D]
 "A" can be expressed in terms of  measured emission concentrations by substituting the following equations, taken from (6) and  (7) in the
text for c, m, d, n, t, and h.

        VARIABLES IN TERMS OF CONCENTRATIONS:                                                          [E]
               C  = %HC  / (%HC •»-%CO-f %CO2)
               m= %CO  / (%HC -t- %CO + %CO2)
               d  = %CO2 / (%HC + %CO + %CO2)
               n  = %NOX / (%HC + %CO + %CO2)
               t  = %O2  / (%HC -t- %CO + %CO2)
               h  = [0.5m(y - c)] / [3.5d + m]    (from hydrogen balance and water-gas ratio)


  Combining (D) and (E) and simplifying the result yields:

             A _  (O.Sz-0.25y)%HC * 0.5 %CO * %CO2 * 0.5%NOX * %O2 - O.SH2FAC ^ 025y - 05-             rp]
                                        %HC * %CO + %CO2                          '
                    Where:  H2FAC =  0^»%CO « [y.(%HC*%CO+%CO2)-%Hq/[3^-%CXl2 + %CO]

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 **l

    OXYGEN NOT MEASURED               ~


      This solution is more complex because the value of t must be expressed in terms of other exhaust constituents, and thus eliminated, before
*   expressing "A" in terms of measured emission concentrations. The solution is from the basic combustion equation as follows:

I
•'"        Begin with the following from [B], [C], and [E] on the previous page:


                                      A =  a5zc + 0.5m + d + 0.5n + t + 0.5w + 0.5z                                        [G]

                                      w =  0.5y-0.5yc-h                                                              [H]

                                      %O2  = t*(%HC + %CO + %CO2)   from  t =  %O2 / (%HC + %CO + %CO2)         [I]


         From the basic combustion equation, the percentage of free oxygen in the total dry exhaust is:


                                      %02  = 	^5	                                 [J]
                                             c*m+h+d+n+t+ 3.7792A - 0.5n  * f
      Setting [I] equal to [J] yields:


                                        100
                               %HC + %CO + %CO2
                                                      =c+m+h+d+ 0.5n  * t * 3.7742A * f                          [K]
      Substituting [H] into [G] and then substituting revised [G] into [K] yields:


          100 / [%HC + %CO + %CO2] =

            c+m+h+d+ 0.5n + t + 1.8871zc + 1.8871m + 3.7742d + 1.8871n + 3.7742t + 0.9436y - 0.9436yc - 1.8871h          [L]
      Simplifying [L] and solving for t gives:


          t =	20.946	0.2095c -0.6047m +0.1858h -d -0.5n -0.3953zc -0.1976y *0.1976yc +0.3953z -0.2095f      [M]
              %HC*%CO+%C02
      Now that t is known, "A" may be solved for in terms of exhaust emission concentrations.


      Substituting [M] into [G], for t, and simplifying yields:
             A = 0.1047zc - 0.1047m + - =    -- 0.2095c -0-3142H +0.00524y -0.0524yc -0.1047z +0.2095f         [N]
                                      %HO%CO+%CO2
      Now the equations for c, m, and h from [E] are substituted into [N] to express "A" in terms of measured emission concentrations.


     Simplifying the resulting equation yields the final solution:


          A =  20.946 - (0.2095 *0.0524y -Q.l047z).%HC - 0.1047.%CO - 0.3142.H2FAC  + Q Q524y _ Q ^^ _



                    Where:  H2FAC » 0.5«%CO - [y«(%HC * %CO + %CO2) -  %HC]/f3.5«%CO2 * %CO]
   Sfti. .-

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                                                     COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                 APPENDIX S


  AN INVESTIGATION OF INLET AIR HUMIDITY EFECTS ON A LARGE-BORE,
                 TWO STROKE NATURAL GAS FIRED ENGINE
Emissions Testing                                                Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

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           AN INVESTIGATION OF INLET AIR HUMIDITY EFFECTS ON
         A LARGE-BORE, TWO STROKE NATURAL GAS FIRED ENGINE
                                       Dean Huntley
                                  Tennessee Gas Pipeline
                              Plant Services, Mechanical Testing
                                   Houston, Texas 77002

                                        Jay Holden
                           Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory
                                  Colorado State University
                                 Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
ABSTRACT

The  natural  gas  transmission  industry  has  in
service over 8000  large-bore, natural gas engines
of various makes  and vintages for  compressing
natural gas.  Many of these engines  are operated
in high relative humidity conditions of the gulf and
East  Coast  regions  of  the  United  States.
Significant  changes   in   emissions  are  often
observed with changing ambient conditions and
can  be  related  to   a  combination of inlet  air
temperature  as well  as  humidity effects.   In  an
effort to investigate  the  humidity  parameter,  a
project  was  sponsored  by the American Gas
Association  to study  humidity  effects   at  the
Colorado State University Large Bore Engine Test
 Bed.   In this project, an  inlet air  humidification
 system was constructed to deliver a  known amount
 of entrained  water vapor  to a Cooper-Bessemer
 GMV engine. A combination of steam injection and
 atomizing water nozzles were used to inject  the
 desired quantity of water  into  the inlet air of  the
 GMV   test  engine.   Feedback   control   was
 accomplished through humidity sensors located in
 the inlet air  duct.  Due to the extensive level of
 instrumentation and  control on this engine, it was
 possible to isolate the effects of humidity on engine
  performance and emissions.

  In this paper, the direct  effects of changing  the
  humidity of the inlet air on engine performance  and
  emissions are presented.  Test data and theory are
  used to demonstrate the effects of varying inlet air
  humidity on the emission of oxides of nitrogen,
unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and air
toxics (formaldehyde) from the engine.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND DISCLAIMER

This paper is based on work funded under various
contracts with  PRC  International  (PCRI) and the
Gas Research  Institute (GRI).  The data presented
is considered to be work in progress and therefore
it has not been approved by  the sponsors.  The
opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed are
those of the author and not necessarily those of the
American  Gas Association (A.G.A.),  or PRCI or
GRI. Mention  of company or product name is not
to be considered an endorsement by A.G.A.,  PRCI
or GRI. Neither A.G.A., members of A.G.A., PRCI,
or members of PRCI, GRI, or members of GRI, or
any person acting on behalf of them; makes any
warranty or representation, express or implied, with
 respect  to   the  accuracy,  completeness,  or
 usefulness of the  information  contained in this
 paper,  or  that  the  use  of  any information,
 apparatus, method,  or  process  disclosed in this
 paper  may  not  infringe privately-owned rights.
 Finally, neither A.G.A. and its members, PRCI and
 its  members,   or GRI and  its  members, or any
 person  acting  on   their  behalf  of  all  three
 organizations, assumes any liability with respect to
 the use of, or  for damages resulting from the use of
 any information,  apparatus,  method, or  process
 disclosed in this paper.

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INTRODUCTION
Large-Bore Engine Test-bed
The automotive industry has  conducted  research
regarding the effects of humidity on emissions in
four stroke gasoline and  diesel engines (1,2,3).
This body of work has identified the general trends
of emissions with increasing  humidity levels and
investigated the  relationships between  humidity
and  air fuel  ratio and  in-cylinder heat capacity
change (4,  5).  As is usually the case, there is little
data examining the  humidity effects on large-bore
engines.     Additionally,  the  majority   of  the
automotive research was  conducted  before there
was any interest in  air toxic emissions  and only
considered criteria pollutants.

The American Gas Association (AGA) sponsored a
project in the fall of 1996 to investigate the effects
of varying  humidity  levels on  emissions  from a
large-bore  engine.  The project was conducted at
the Colorado  State University Large-Bore Engine
Test-bed (LBET) and included criteria and air toxic
emission   data.   The  project  equipment  was
specified,  installed  and the testing completed by
 September 1997.

 PROJECT OBJECTIVE

 The  goal  was  to  provide a system capable of
 simulating  a  100%  relative  humidity day at  sea
 level and 90°F in the LBET for the range of ambient
 conditions typically  encountered  in  Fort Collins,
 Colorado.  Additionally, the capability to control and
 vary the humidity level from the minimum  possible
 (Fort Collins ambient conditions) to 100% RH on a
 90°F day  at  sea level was required.  Once the
 system was in place, the testing program consisted
 of various humidity maps  in which the humidity was
 the only independent parameter.

 TEST SETUP

 The  humidity control system  was designed  and
  specified  by the EECL personnel  and consisted of
  a variety  of commercially  available items.   The
  Woodward    Governor     Company    provided
  assistance with the controls and integrated them
  into  the  existing  engine controller.   The major
  components   of  the  humidity  control  system
  included  the  LBET, water supply system,  steam
  humidification  delivery  system,  the   atomizing
  nozzle system, and humidity sensors.
The LBET was commissioned by the gas pipeline
industry  in   1992  to  provide  an  independent
research facility to assist in  the  development of
emission  reduction  technologies  for  large-bore
engines.  Due  to  the generous support of the
industry, the LBET has evolved  into  a state-of-the-
art facility conducting some of the most advanced
research ever attempted  on large-bore engines.
The  centerpiece  of the  test-bed  is  a  highly
instrumented four cylinder, 14 inch  bore,  14  inch
stroke,   two-cycle   natural   gas  fired  Cooper-
Bessemer GMV-4TFS  engine.  The engine has  a
sea-level rating  of 440 bhp at 300 rpm. There are
102  engine  parameters  continuously   monitored,
including  in-cylinder  pressures   for   real-time
combustion analysis. Load control is accomplished
with a water brake dynomometer and the engine  is
outfitted with a turbocharger simulation package
which allows operation at a range  of air manifold
 pressures  to mimic piston  scavenged  and clean
 burn GMV configurations. The engine  is equipped
 with  a  Woodward  Governor Autobaiancer system
 to provide precise cylinder peak pressure balance
 during   testing.  The   test-bed  uses  protocol
 analyzers as well as a Fourier Transform Infrared
 Spectrometer (FTIR)  to  examine criteria and  air
 toxic emissions.   The  addition of the  humidity
 system compliments  the  existing  systems  that
 allow  control  of  air  manifold temperature  and
 pressure, fuel manifold temperature and pressure,
 and  jacket water temperature.

 Water Supply  System

 A reverse  osmosis  water supply  system  was
 selected   to  provide   the   pure   water   for
 humidification of the engine inlet air (Figure  3).  A
  1500 gallon storage tank was  added to reduce the
 duty cycle of the reverse osmosis machine.

  Steam Humidification Delivery System

  A high pressure, natural gas fired  boiler was used
  to generate steam and deliver it through a control
  valve to injection  rails  placed inside  the inlet air
  duct of the engine (Figures 1, 2 ,6).  The injection
  was carried out downstream  of the supercharger
  (turbocharger  simulator) and  required the addition
  of a mixing section of duct to ensure entrainment of
  the water  vapor in the  air stream  (Figure 2).  The
  steam injection was the  primary method of injecting
  water vapor.  In order  to maintain a constant air

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manifold temperature  in the summer  months,  an
atomizing nozzle water injection system was also
installed in the mixing section  of the duct (Figure
4).

Water Injection System

Atomizing  nozzles  using  pressurized  water  and
compressed air were installed  to deliver water
vapor and to cool the inlet air  stream  if needed to
maintain a constant air manifold temperature in the
summer months (Figure 4). The intercooler (Figure
2) at the LBET operates near 100% of its capacity
during the hottest  summer months  of operation.
Steam  injection  during  the  summer  has  the
potential to exceed the  cooling  capacity of  the
intercooler  which  required   installation  of  the
atomizing nozzles to  ensure year  round operation
of  the  humidity  system.    Both   the  steam  and
atomizing nozzles  can be operated at the same
time and  in this  manner  provide the capability to
control  both humidity and air manifold temperature.

 Humidity Sensors

 Vailsiala humidity sensors were placed in the  inlet
 air  duct both  upstream  and  downstream of  the
 supercharger.  The downstream  humidity sensor
 was used  to provide feedback control of  the
 humidity delivery system and provided setpoint
 control for the delivery  systems.   To verify  the
 accuracy of the humidity sensors, the engine intake
 air was  sampled  periodically with  the  FTIR  to
 determine  the  percent water in the intake  air.
 Percent water is easily correlated to  the required
 relative humidity level and provided an easy check
 of the measurement system.

 HUMIDITY UNITS

 The   amount   of   water  vapor  contained  in
  atmospheric  air can be described  either  by the
  humidity  ratio  or the  relative  humidity.    The
  humidity ratio is defined as the ratio of water mass
  to the mass of dry air in  a moist air sample and is
  usually given the symbol W.  The units are pounds
  of water per pounds of air.

  W= Ibs water/lbs dry air

  For an air-water mixture:
                                               Pw = partial pressure of water vapor
                                               Plol = total pressure of mixture

                                               Relative humidity is the ratio of the partial pressure
                                               of the water vapor to the saturation pressure at the
                                               temperature of the air.  For  every  temperature,
                                               there is a unique saturation  pressure.

                                               RH = Pv / Psat

                                               If the partial pressure of the water vapor is equal to
                                               the saturation pressure,  the air is saturated  (i.e.,
                                               100 % relative humidity).

                                               These two terms are easily  correlated to  each
                                               other by  using ideal gas equations and the liquid-
                                               vapor  saturation curve for water.   The humidity
                                               ratio  is   a  more  meaningful   parameter  for the
                                               purpose  of this research.  This  is because the
                                               relative  humidity  is  exponentially  dependent  on
                                               ambient  temperature,  which  can  confuse the
                                               results if ambient temperature is not  held constant.
                                               Humidity  ratio  represents the mass fraction  of
                                               water in  the  intake  charge,  which  affects the
                                               combustion process directly.

                                                TESTING PROCEDURE

                                                Test points were determined by first calculating the
                                                humidity ratio of 90 °F, 14.696 psig air at a desired
                                                 relative   humidity.   This humidity  ratio  was then
                                                 back  calculated to a test point relative humidity at
                                                 the  operating  air   manifold  temperature and
                                                 pressure of the  engine.   The test point relative
                                                 humidity was then used as the control set point for
                                                 the system.

                                                 The primary humidity map was conducted  at 7.5
                                                 inches   Hg  boost   and   110  °F  air  manifold
                                                 temperature. This map consists of 8 points varying
                                                 in humidity ratio  from 0.007  to 0.25 Ib/lb dry air  .
                                                 To verify the trends observed in the first humidity
                                                 map  points, additional maps were conducted at 10
                                                 and 12.5 inches Hg boost pressure  and 90 and 140
                                                 °F air manifold temperature.   Finally, to investigate
                                                 the effects of humidity  at a constant air/ fuel ratio,
                                                 additional data was taken to permit analysis at
                                                 matched trapped air/ fuel ratio points.  A summary
                                                 of the  data points used in the maps and matched
                                                 air fuel ratio points is contained in Tables I through
                                                 IX.
W = 0.61298 *
                      -Pw), where:

-------
Protocol analyzers were  used  to  measure  the
concentrations  of NOx, CO, THC, O2, and C02
during the testing.  A FT1R was  used to measure
Formaldehyde concentrations.

ENGINE CONFIGURATION

Testing was performed on the  GMV-4TF engine
with  Woodward   Governor   Electronic   Gas
Admission Valves  (EGAV).  Speed control was
accomplished by governing on duration through the
Autobalancer 5000  system.   Duration governing
works by using a proportional / integral / derivative
(PID) speed  loop  to  increase  or  decrease  fuel
delivered to the engine to maintain the speed at the
desired setpoint.

The engine  balance was precisely  maintained by
using the Autobalancer feature, and  the Altronic
CPU 2000  ignition system was used in all the
testing.

-------
    Table I: Test Matrix 1
440 BHP, 7.5" AMP, 110 °F AMT
Test
Points
H 1.4-6
H1.7-9
H1. 10-12
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
24.29
41.63
52.97
H1. 13-15 | 63.5
H1.20-22 | 68.33
H1. 26-28
H1. 29-31
74.81
79.27
H1.32-34 | 83.40
Grains/lb
68.32
87.93
112.51
135.58
146.24
160.60
170.56
179.84
     Table II: Test Matrix 2
 440 BHP, 10" AMP, 110 °F AMT
Test
Points
H2.2-4
H2.8-9
H2.10-11
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
29.56
53.62
64.55
H2. 12-13 | 73.38
H2 14-15 | 98.83
Grains/lb
62.09
113.93
137.90
157.44
214.72
     Table III: Test Matrix 3
 440 BHP, 12.5" AMP, 110 °F AMT
Test
Points
H2.5-7
H2.22-23
H2. 18-19
H2. 20-21
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
24.74
39.74
66.17
77.17
Grains/lb
51.83
83.87
141.47
165.87
     Table IV: Test Matrix 4
 440 BHP, 7.5" AMP, 90 °F AMT
Test
Points
H3.5-7
H3.8-10
H3.11-13
H3.14-16
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
36.63
51.30
72.50
75.31
Grains/lb
77.20
108.89
155.48
161.74
    Table V: Test Matrix 5
440 BHP, 7.5" AMP, 140 °F AMT
Test
Points
H3.2-4
H3.31-32?
H3.29-30
H3.21-22
H3.27-28
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
30.97
45.00
58.90
84.74
86.00
Grains/lb
65.09
95.21
125.42
182.83
185.67
                                                Table VI: Test Matrix 6
                                     A/F MATCH, 440 BHP, 7.5" AMP, 110 °F AMT
Test
Points
H1.1-3
H1. 10-12
H1. 26-28
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
32.49
52.97
74.81
H4.3-4 j 81.44
Grains/lb
68.32
112.51
160.60
175.42
                                                Table VII: Test Matrix 7
                                       A/F MATCH, 440 BHP, 10" AMP, 110 °F AMT
Test
Points
H2.2-4
H2.8-9
H2.12-13
H4.5-6
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
29.56
53.62
73.38
77.61
Grains/lb
62.09
113.93
157.44
166.86
                                                Table VIII: Test Matrix 8
                                      A/F MATCH, 440 BHP, 12.5" AMP, 110 8F AMT
Test
Points
H2.5-7
H2.18-19
H2.20-21
H4.7-8
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
24.74
66.17
77.17
79.86
Grains/lb
51.83
165.87
165.87
171.89
                                                 Table IX: Test Matrix 9
                                      A/F MATCH, 440 BHP, 12.5" AMP, 140 °F AMT
Test
Points
H3.2-4
H3.31-32
H4.1-2
H3.21-22
Relative Humidity
90 °F & 29.92 in Hg
30.97
45.00
73.45
84.74
Grains/lb
65.09
95.21
157.59
182.83

-------
Figure 1:  Boiler
Figure 4: Steam Control Valve and Atomizing
Nozzle Tubing
 Figure 2:  Mixing Duct, Air Manifold Intercooler    Figure 5: Supercharger, Mixing Duct, and
                                              Boiler
  Figure 3: Reverse Osmosis Water Supply and     Figure 6: Mixing Duct and Boiler
  Storage Tank

-------
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The  results  presented  here are a  summary of
findings of the AGA sponsored testing.  Colorado
State University will issue the  official AGA project
test report.

Previous researchers  have shown  that inlet air
humidity has an affect on engine emissions and
performance.  Two prominent mechanisms have
been offered to explain the effects of humidity on
engine performance and emissions.  The first is the
decrease in cylinder temperatures caused  by the
increase in  the total heat capacity of the cylinder
charge.  The second,  the decrease  in the air fuel
ratio as water vapor displaces oxygen in the inlet
air.  The decrease in oxygen supplied to the engine
causes a richer mixture.  The lower air fuel ratio
translates  to  a higher  in  cylinder  temperature.
Although opposite in effect, both mechanisms have
an affect on in-cylinder temperature.  The decrease
in the  oxygen  concentration  in  the in  cylinder
charge,  appears to have more of an  affect on
engines operating at or near stoichiometric
conditions (rich burn four-stroke engines (1)).

The majority of research has focused on the most
 prominent affect of these changes, NO, production.
 Additionally,   research    papers   reviewed   in
 conjunction with this program, indicate that to date,
 no work has been conducted  on either two-stroke,
 or large-bore industrial class engines in the relation
 to the  effects of humidity on engine performance
 and emissions.    Results  presented  within this
 document will  provide information on variations  in
 inlet air humidity in relation to engine emissions,
 and engine combustion parameters.  In order  to
 completely understand the ensuing discussion, a
 definition of the terminology  used  to explain the
 effects  of humidity  on  engine  emissions and
 performance is required.

 Trapped Air Fuel Ratio

 The trapped air /  fuel ratio refers  to the mixture
 captured  in the cylinder that participates in the
 combustion event.    On  a  two-stroke  engine,
 determining  the   trapped  air  /  fuel  ratio  is
 complicated by the presence of scavenging air.  To
 determine  a trapped air / fuel  ratio, an assumption
 of engine trapping efficiency is made and is applied
 to  the overall air  / fuel ratio of the engine. The
 overall air / fuel ratio is determined by measuring
the air and fuel mass flow rates, or an analysis of
the exhaust gas constituents.

Previous work by Olsen et al. (5) at the EECL has
used a tracer gas method to measure the trapping
efficiency of the  test engine.   A tracer gas was
used that was destroyed at in cylinder combustion
temperatures but would pass through the engine if
used  in  a scavenging  process.  Before and after
engine  concentrations  of  the  tracer  gas were
measured with   a   FTIR spectrometer  and  the
concentrations are  a direct indication  of trapping
efficiency.

Figure 8 show the calculated trapped air fuel ratio
decreasing with  increasing  humidity levels for all
boost levels.  For each of the three boost levels,
the air / fuel ratio decreased approximately one air /
fuel ratio unit.  The data was taken at a  fixed air
manifold pressure,  therefore as  intake  humidity
was increased the air was displaced  with the water
vapor the air / fuel   ratio decreased.    This  is
characteristic of fixed air supply engines.

 Figures   11-14   show  the  humidity effect at a
 constant trapped air /  fuel  ratio.  This  means the
 humidity effect is due to more than just a changing
 air /  fuel ratio and for  these plots directly  indicate
 the effects of increasing heat capacity.

 Specific Heat Capacitiy

 The  specific  heat capacity, or specific heat is a
 thermodynamic  property which is defined as the
 amount of heat required per unit mass to raise the
 temperature  by  one  degree. To evaluate  the
 specific heat changes  associated with  increasing
 humidity, calculations  were performed  to  evaluate
 the specific heat capacity  of the trapped cylinder
 charge. A fuel gas analysis,  measured  intake air
 moisture content, and calculated  trapped  air / fuel
 ratio  were used to calculate  a  constant volume
 adiabatic flame  temperature.   The  products of
 combustion were  assumed to be H2O,  C02,  02
 and  N2.  The specific heat  of the  combustion
 products was  then   evaluated   at  the  flame
 temperature.    Figures 15  -  18  are  a plot of
 emissions  versus specific   heat  at  the  flame
 temperature for the humidity maps at the different
 boost  levels   tested.    The  calculated  flame
 temperatures  are  presented  in  Figure 21  for
 different boost levels.

-------
To account for the mass changes of different air /
fuel ratios, the mixture specific heat was multiplied
by the trapped mass to give an absolute measure
of the cylinder heat capacity which is termed total
heat capacity.  The total  heat capacity of a  gas
mixture can  be augmented  three ways, (1)  by
adding  a  constituent with a  significantly different
specific heat capacity such as H2O, (2) by adding
more mass, and (3) by increasing the temperature
provided that the mixture does not consist entirely
of monatomic gases. The absolute heat capacity
data for the different boost levels tested are plotted
in Figure  19  and compared to a constant humidity
boost map.

In Cylinder Bulk Temperature

In  cylinder temperature is  a  calculated  average
temperature  and  is based  on  peak  pressure,
 location of peak pressure, engine  geometry, mass
 of charge and speed.   Bulk  temperature data are
 plotted in  Figure  10.    The bulk  in  cylinder
 temperatures  were  insensitive  to  changes   in
 humidity  ratio but  did decrease  with increasing
 boost  levels.    The   lack  of change  of  bulk
 temperatures is most likely due  to the offsetting
 effects of  the decreasing  air /  fuel  ratio  and
 increasing  mixture total  heat  capacity.   This
 behavior was  also seen with the  calculated flame
 temperatures.

 Stack Temperature

  Figure  9 show  the  exhaust  stack  temperature
  increasing slightly with increasing  humidity. This is
  partly due to a decrease in trapped air / fuel ratio
  with increasing humidity. Also, the location of peak
  pressures occur later as the humidity  increases,
  which generally  results in  an increase in  stack
  temperature.  When cylinder  pressure peaks later
  in the cycle, less of the chemical energy from the
  fuel is converted to shaft power, resulting in higher
  exhaust  temperatures.   The stack  temperature,
  which is tied strongly to location  of peak pressure,
  does not necessarily  correlate with peak bulk in-
  cylinder temperature, calculated directly from peak
  pressure amplitude.   The stack temperature  also
  does   not   correlate    to   calculated   flame
  temperatures.  This insensitivity of  the bulk and
   flame temperatures to the humidity ratio most likely
   results  from competing  effects of decreasing air /
   fuel ratio and increased charge heat capacity.
Combustion Parameters

Figures 23-26 display  the results of increasing
humidity levels  on  the combustion  parameters.
The only combustion parameters  affected  by the
humidity were the cylinder  peak pressures and
location  of  peak  pressures.    Cylinder  peak
pressures  are decreasing  slightly with increasing
humidity and do  not correspond  to an  expected
decrease in cylinder bulk temperature.  This is due
to the increased heat capacity in the cylinder from
the  increased moisture content.  The location of
peak  pressure  is  increasing  as  the  humidity
increases and the mixture becomes richer.

Standard deviations of the combustion parameters
generally describe the  combustion stability, or  the
cycle to cycle variability of the  combustion event.
 Increasing humidity levels did not adversely  affect
 the combustion.  No  significant levels of  misfires
 were observed during the testing.

 BSFC Results

 Figure  7   shows  a  trend of  increasing  fuel
 consumption as  humidity  levels are  increased.
 This  trend has been  previously documented in a
 paper by Quader (1), which  shows  specific  fuel
 consumption increasing with percent by volume of
 water in the intake charge.  Although the  previous
 author provided  no explanation for this  trend,  it is
 most likely related to the high value and  strong
 temperature dependence of the specific heat of
 water.

  NOx Results

  As previously mentioned,  variations in  inlet air
  humidity  appear to have the most prominent effect
  on NO, production..  This trend is uniform over all
  air manifold pressures and temperatures  tested.
  The data indicates that increases in  humidity ratio
  bring about a resulting decrease in NOX production.
  The  reduction  in NOx appears  to  be  not as
  pronounced at leaner air / fuel  ratios. By  looking at
  the data in terms of trapped air/fuel ratio and heat
  capacity of the trapped charged, it can be seen that
  the NO,  emissions  are being reduced  at higher
  humidity  levels  even though  the  air fuel  ratio is
  becoming richer. This can be seen in Figure (X).
  Bulk cylinder temperatures and calculated flame
  temperatures   were   previously  shown  to  be
  relatively  constant   through  the   humidity  map.
  Therefore, the decreasing NOx emissions are likely

-------
due to the effects of increasing heat capacity from
increased moisture in the air/fuel mixture.

The current school of thought is that the increased
heat  capacity brings  about a  reduction in the
overall  combustion   temperature;,   by   lowering
combustion pressures and slowing the combustion
flame propagation.  Test programs  which derived
these results maintained a constant air /  fuel ratio
while changing  humidity ratio.   The current test
program increased the humidity ratio at a constant
air manifold pressure.  The air / fuel  ratio changed
by one air / fuel unit  over  the range of humidity
ratios tested at each  boost condition.  The increase
in humidity ratio has  an offsetting  effect to  the
changes  in  air  / fuel  ratio which   resulted in  a
constant adiabatic flame temperature.  Additional
data was collected in which  air / fuel  ratio was held
 constant over varying  humidity ratios.    This was
 conducted at all three test  boost pressures.  The
 results from this data are displayed in Figures 11 to
 14 which show  the  trend of decreasing  NOx with
 increasing humidity.   The data from these various
 mapping  processes  support the current  school of
 thought and offer a second plausible explanation
 for the reduction in  NOx with increasing humidity
 ratio.

 The  data which  displays the constant air / fuel ratio
 points  for varying humidity ratios shows a decrease
 in NOx as  humidity increases.  The combustion
 pressures decrease and locations of peak pressure
 occur  later  (figures  23-26).  These changes do
 occur  but are not of a great magnitude.  The data
 which  represents the varying humidity  ratios  at a
 constant boost  pressure indicate minimal change in
 the  combustion parameters, with adiabatic flame
 temperature remaining constant.  These minimal
 changes  in peak pressures and adiabatic flame
 temperatures  indicate  that the  combustion  is
  occurring in essentially the  same manner. With the
  assumption that the combustion processes for all
  humidity  ratios is  starting  at a similar adiabatic
  flame temperature (as indicated by test data), what
  happens  as  the composition  cools  during  the
  expansion stroke becomes important.   During the
  expansion stroke, the NO formed in the flame front
  is  decomposing to an  equilibrium state  as the
  temperatures decline.  As the expansion stroke
  continues and the temperature  drops,  the  NO
  equilibrium reaction is frozen prior  to reaching the
  final equilibrium state (N2 and 02).  With increased
  heat capacity (due  to increased water vapor) of the
   post  combustion  composition,  the  change in
temperature in relation to the change in time (dT/dt)
is  less.  This translates to  the  post combustion
composition remaining at a higher temperature for
a  longer period of  time.   The  effect  of  this
mechanism on  the NOx  production  would be  a
decrease in NOx emissions.

Test   data  collected   tend   to   support  this
mechanism.       Calculated   adiabatic   flame
temperatures    and   bulk   in   cylinder   peak
temperature    calculations     show    constant
temperatures    for   varying    humidity   ratios.
Measured  exhaust  gas  temperatures  show an
increase in temperature, which would be expected
with higher post combustion temperatures during
the  expansion stroke.  This data correlates well
with   the   slight  changes   in   the   measured
combustion  parameters,  which appear to  have
 minimal changes in  relation  to the reduction  in
 NOx.   Additionally,  the  slight decreases in  peak
 pressures are at richer air / fuel ratios where one
 would   expect  elevated    temperatures   and
 pressures.

 Total Hydrocarbons and Carbon Monoxide

 The effects of  humidity ratio and  specific  heat on
 total  hydrocarbon (THC) and  carbon  monoxide
 (CO) emissions are given in Figures (12,13,16,17).
 THC  emissions display  a gradual increasing trend
 with increasing humidity ratio with the exception of
 the 7.5 in. Hg  boost data, which does  not change
 significantly for the range of humidity  ratio tested.
 The increasing trend seen at higher  boost  levels
 has been observed by  other researchers (4,  5).
 One possible explanation for the increasing trend in
 our data is the decrease in air/fuel ratio as humidity
 ratio  increases.  For  richer  mixtures,   higher
 concentrations of hydrocarbons  exist  in regions
 which  are not processed  by the flame,  such as
 crevice volumes. As humidity ratio increases, CO
 emissions are reduced initially then increase. Thus,
  there is a optimum level of humidity that minimizes
  CO.   However, the  changes  in  CO  are  small,
  between  the range of 3 to  14% with the  largest
  effect  occurring at the lowest boost. This is in
  contrast  to  THC emissions, where  the smallest
  effect  was  seen  at  the  lowest boost  level. A
  hydrocarbon  trend  is  not  evident  during  the
  humidity  map at 7.5 inches of boost. It is likely that
  any  additional  hydrocarbon  emissions  resulting
  from the decrease in air / fuel ratio are oxidized at
  the  relatively  high  bulk gas  temperature  at  this
  boost level.

-------
Formaldehyde Results
REFERENCES
Formaldehyde  emissions vs.  humidity  ratio  and
specific heat are shown in Figure 18. The effects of
humidity   on    formaldehyde    emissions   are
significant.  Increasing  humidity  ratio  increases
formaldehyde emissions  at all boost levels tested.
Formaldehyde  increased  by   30%  when   the
humidity  ratio was increased from 0.007 to 0.033.
This  increase   occurs  with   an  accompanying
decreasing air/fuel ratio.  Recall that, for constant
humidity, formaldehyde  increases with  increasing
air/fuel   ratio   (Figure   14).   Therefore,   the
formaldehyde trend vs.  air/fuel ratio with varying
humidity ratio is opposite the  trend observed with
constant  humidity  (Figure  34).  One possible
explanation  of the impact of humidity is based on
formaldehyde   chemical  kinetics.  There  is  a
temperature window where a net formation rate of
formaldehyde    exists,     assuming   unburned
hydrocarbons  are  present.  That  window   is
approximately between  700 and 1100 K, above
which formaldehyde is quickly destroyed and below
which the formaldehyde concentration is  frozen.
 The  combustion products generally pass through
 this temperature window during  expansion, which
 is  believed  to be a critical time for formaldehyde
 formation. For combustion product mixtures with
 higher specific heats (i.e. with added humidity) the
 gas  temperature  during expansion  may  spend
 more time  in the formation temperature window,
 resulting in  higher formaldehyde concentrations.

 CONCLUSIONS

 The effects of  increasing humidity levels on NOx
 emissions  is  due primarily  to  increased  heat
 capacity of the combustion charge.  Although air
 fuel ratio is the primary parameter affecting  Nox
  production,  when  humidity effects are combined
 with air fuel ratio  effects, the production of NOx
  emissions are significantly affected.

  Increasing  humidity  at  a constant air  manifold
  pressure decreases the air / fuel ratio. The effects
  of   NOx   and   formaldehyde  emissions   are
  counterintuitive  to   the   expected  results  of
  decreasing air / fuel ratio.

  ACKNOWLEGEMENTS

  Thanks to the EECL personnel for their time and
  effort  in   providing  analysis   and  insight  in
  developing the humidity data  and results.
(1) Auther A. Quader, "Why Intake Charge Dilution
Decreases Nitric Oxide Emission from Spark
Ignition Engines", SAE 710009, 1971

(2) J. A. Robison, "Humidity Effects on Engine
Nitric Oxide Emissions at Steady-State Conditions",
SAE 700467, 1970

(3) S. Ohigashi, H. Kuroda, Y. Nakajima, Y.
Hayashi, K. Sugihara, "Heat Capacity Changes
Predict Nitrogen Oxides  Reduction by Exhaust Gas
Recirculation", SAE 710010,1971

(4) S. R. Krause, "Effect of Engine Intake-Air
Humidity, Temperature,  and  Pressure on Exhaust
Emissions", SAE 710835

(5) W. J. Brown, S. A. Gendernalik, R. V. Kerley, F.
 J. Marsee, "Effect of Engine  Intake-Air Moisture on
 Exhaust Emissions", SAE 700107, 1970

 (6) J. B. Heywood, Internal Combustion Engine
 Fundamentals, Magraw-Hill  Inc, 1988,

 (7) D. Olsen, P. Puzinauskas, O Dautrebande,
 "Development and Evaluation of Tracer Gas
 Methods for Measuring  Trapping Efficiency in Four-
 Stroke Engines", SAE 981382

-------
                         Stack Temperature (Fahrenheit)

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                        Figure 11
               B.S. NOx vs Humidity Ratio
    at440Bhp, 300Rpm, 110AMT, and Constant A/F Ratio
   14
   12 -
   10 -
Q.
SL
m
5
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m
    4 -
                       7.5" Hg AMP
                       10"HgAMP
                       i2.5"HgAMP
     0.006     0.010     0.014     0.018     0.022

                    Humidity Ratio (lbmw/lbma)
                                                  0026
                                                                                      Figure12
                                                                             B.S.THCvs  Humidity Ratio
                                                                 at 440Bhp, 300Rpm, 110AMT, and Constant A/F Ratio
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                                                     Humidity Ratio (lbn%/lbm,)
                          Figure 13
                   B.S. CO vs Humidity Ratio
      at440Bhp, 300Rpm, 110AMT, and Constant A/F Ratio
   0.78
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                                                                          B.S. Formaldehyde vs Humidity Ratio
                                                                   at440Bhp, SOORpm, 110AMT, and Constant A/F Ratio
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-------
                        Figure 15

    B.S. NOx vs Specific Heat Capacity @ Flame Temperature

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-------
                    Figure 19
B.S. NOx vs Total Heat Capacity @ Flame Temperature
         at440Bhp, SOORpm, and 110AMT
                   Figure 20
                  Ox vs Tld -
        at440Bhp, 300Rpm, and 110AMT
B.S. NOx vs Tld - Flame

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                     Figure 21
            T"ad - Flame vs Humidity Ratio
          st 440 Bhp,300 Rpm, and 110 AMT
                   Figure 22
        Tacj - Flame vs Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
         st 440 Bhp,300 Rpm, and 110 AMT
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-------
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                 B.S. NOx vs Humidity Ratio
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                                                                             •   Figure 28
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                                                                    B.S. Formaldehyde vs Humidity Ratio
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-------
           Figure 31
B.S. NOx vs Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
 at 440Bhp, 300Rpm, and 110AMT
           Figure 32
B.S. THC vs Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
 at 440Bhp, 300Rpm, and 110AMI
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Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
Fl'9ure 33 Figure 34
B.S. CO vs Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio B-S. formaldehyde vs Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
at440Bhp, SOORpm, and 110AMT at440Bhp, 300Rpm. and 110AMT
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-------
ACKNOWLEGEMENTS

Thanks to the EECL personnel for their time and
effort  in  providing   analysis   and  insight  in
developing the humidity data and results.

REFERENCES

(1) Auther A. Quader, "Why Intake Charge Dilution
Decreases Nitric Oxide Emission from Spark
Ignition Engines", SAE  710009,1971

(2) J. A. Robison, "Humidity Effects on Engine
Nitric Oxide Emissions  at Steady-State Conditions",
SAE 700467, 1970

(3) S. Ohigashi, H. Kuroda, Y. Nakajima, Y.
Hayashi, K. Sugihara, "Heat Capacity Changes
Predict Nitrogen Oxides Reduction by Exhaust Gas
Recirculation",  SAE 710010, 1971

(4) S. R. Krause, "Effect of Engine Intake-Air
 Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure on Exhaust
 Emissions",  SAE 710835

 (5) W. J. Brown, S. A. Gendernalik, R. V. Kerley, F,
 J. Marsee, "Effect of Engine Intake-Air Moisture on
 Exhaust Emissions", SAE 700107, 1970

 (6) J. B. Heywood, Internal Combustion Engine
 Fundamentals, Magraw-Hill Inc, 1988,

 (7)  D. Olsen, P. Puzinauskas, O Dautrebande,
 "Development and Evaluation of Tracer Gas
 Methods for Measuring Trapping Efficiency in Four-
 Stroke Engines", SAE 981382

-------
                                                    COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                APPENDIX T
  DERIVATION OF GENERAL EQUATION FOR OBTAINING ENGINE EXHAUST
    EMISSIONS ON A MASS BASIS USING THE "TOTAL CARBON" METHOD
Emissions Testing                                               Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
               Derivation of General Equation  for Obtaining
                Engine Exhaust Emissions on a Mass Basis
                    Using the "Total Carbon" Method
 Introduction

        The "total carbon" method of obtaining engine exhaust emissions
 on a mass basis from volumetric measurements has been used for some
 time in automotive exhaust emission testing.

        The purpose of this paper is to derive and explain the "total carbon"
 method equations for converting volumetric exhaust emission measurement
 to a mass  basis for any type of gaseous  fuel. A simpler version of this
 procedure is possible and normally used with liquid hydrocarbon fuel such
 as gasoline or dies el fuel.

 Derivation of "Total Carbon" Method

 A.     General Approach

       The "total carbon" method of determining the mass of exhaust emis-
 sion depends on the assumption that all of the carbon in the exhaust comes
 from the fuel.  The 0.. 03% COz in normal atmospheric air is neglected. It
 is also assumed that all the carbon in the exhaust is accounted for by meas-
 uring CO,  CO2. and hydrocarbons.  The basis for the  method is the fact that
 for each constituent of a gas mixture, the  mass per mole of gas mixture can
 be determined from the volume fraction (mole percent) thusly:

 Mole % of Constituent  x Molecular vfreight of Constituent
        100
                      _ Mass  of Constituent                           (1)
                          Mole of Mixture

       Therefore,  the mass of each emission specie in the exhaust gas
 mixture per mole of exhaust gas can be  determined from the measured
volumetric concentrations. The mass per hour of each emission specie
can then be obtained from  as follows:
                                  B-2

-------
 I
  I
 I]                     Mass of Emission   „ Moles of Exhaust Gas
 21      .     Mass/hr = v,_,^ ^t -c-~\^,.** n^c x         w                            (i>
j

j
J
j
 J                  However,  the moles of exhaust gas/hr produced by the combustion
 A           source is  not known.  It is this quantity that can be derived from the fact
  ;           that the fuel and exhaust gas contain the same amount of carbon,  as shown
 1           in the next section.
             B.      Derivation of an Expression for Moles/Hr of Exhaust Gas

                    An expression for the Moles of Exhaust/Hr can be derived from fuel
             composition and molecular weight and the measured values of fuel flow and
             volumetric concentrations of CO,  CO2- and hydrocarbons in the exhaust.
             The expression is:
J
I
I                                        /Mass of Carbon in FuelA
                      Mnl*»s nf Firhaiist   V          hr           I
                      Moles of Exhaust _ V	hr	/                (3)
 •                            hr           /Mass of Carbon in Exhaust\
J                                       1      Mole of Exhaust     J

 _                  Since the total mass of carbon/hr put into the system by the fuel
J           must be equal to the total mass of carbon/hr leaving the system in the
            exhaust gas.
 i
J                  Sections 1 and 2 below will derive the expressions for mass of car-
 :           bon from fuel/hr and mass of carbon from  exhaust/mole of exhaust,
J            respectively.
.
 <                  1.   Derivation of Expression for Mass of Carbon from Fuel/Hr

J
                   The problem is to determine the Mass of Carbon/Hr put into the
            system from the fuel using either an assumed or actual fuel composition
            and the measured fuel flow.

                   If the mass  (or mass rate) of a gas mixture is known, the mass
            (or mass rate) of each constituent can be found as follows:

                   Mass of Constituent = Mass  of Mixture X Mass %                (4)

            where:
                   J».y    at   Mass of Constituent/Mole of Mixture
                   Mass 70 — —————————^————————————
                                 Molecular Weieht of Mixture
                                — — ————— ^— — — — — — — —
                                Molecular Weight of Mixture

            and the mass of constituent/ mole of mixture is found from measured vol
            umetric concentrations using equation  (1).
j

                                               B-3

-------
          Now, the mass of carbon in any carbon compound can be calculated
   knowing the mass of compound, the compound molecular weight,  and the
   number of carbon atoms per molecule,  thusly:

          Mass of Carbon = Mas{. of Compound
             Compound
                            Molecular Weight of Carbon
                            Molecular Weight of Compound                (6)

                         ... Number of Carbon Atoms
                         j\
                            Molecule of Compound

          Substituting equations (1).  (4),  and (5) in equation (6) gives the fol-
   lowing equation for the mass of carbon from one  compound:

   Mass of Carbon   m,      , vr.     ^ Vol. % of Comp. X Molecular Wt.of Carbon
   	_        	= Mass of Mixture X	~.—:	J	TTT—:—r~—, »*•—I
      Compound                               Molecular Weight of Mixture

            Molecular Weight of Carbon       Number of Carbon Atoms
            Molecular Weight of Compound    Molecule  of  Compound

   Simplifying:

     >/     f vt- *    v Vol. % X Molecular  Weight  of C X No.  of C Atoms     (7)
   _ Mass of Mixture X	'-	——	•	  P   ———	
                                  Molecular Weight of  Mixture
 •
          Obviously, the total carbon mass in the mixture is the sum of the
   carbon mass from each of the carbon-bearing compounds.  Thusly:

Mass of C in Mixture  fMass of Mix. X Vol. %Comp. "1 XMol. Wt.of C X No. of CAtomsj
                    = V               Molecular Weight of Mixture                /
                                                                                1
                    +/Mass of Mix.XVol.%Comp. 2X Mol. Wt. of C X No. of C Atorn^
                      \Molecular Weight of Mixture                7
                      f                             .                            2
               •K . .. +/Mass of Mix- x VoL %Comp. "n"X Mol. Wt. ofC X No. of C Atoms\
                      \               Molecular Weight of Mixture                 /
                                                                               "n"
   More concisely expressed:

   ».,.___  . r*~ u    •  it- ^      xx      r \t- ,.    v Molecular Weight of Carbon
   Mass of Carbon  in Mixture = Mass of Mixture X —	o	
                                                 Molecular Weight of Mixture

         X JL |No. of Carbon Atoms in Compound (i) X Vol.% Compound (i)J
            i  ^ •                                      100              /
(8)
                                      B-4

-------
J


J  1                  Applying this equation to the fuel, the mass of carbon per hour into
               the system from the fuel can be obtained from the known fuel composition,
 I              fuel molecular weight, and measured fuel flow.

   i                  2:  Derivation of Expression for  Mass of Carbon in Exhaust/Mole
 I  1                  of Exhaust

   ;                   Turning to the exhaust side of the system,  an expression for mass
 I  •            of carbon in exhaust/mole of exhaust using measured volumetric concen-
^-              trations of CO, CO2- and hydrocarbons can be developed using equations
               (1) and (4) above.
 I  i
   i                   For any carbon compound, from  equation (6) is:

=• .  ;            Mass of C from Compound-Mass of  Compound X'x/ ,'  ... '	T~^	T
   j                                                  .        Mol.  Wt.  of  Compound

 I                                                  .       y  Number of C Atoms
                                                             Molecule of Compound

 1 j                  The mass  of carbon from a compound per mole of exhaust is then:
  i
  1-            Mass of C from Compound   Mass of Compound   Mol. Wt.  of Carbon
  j                 Mole of Exhaust     ~  Mole of Exhaust  X Mol. Wt.  of Compound


 1
 !
j
J
                           Number of C Atoms
                           Molecule  of Compound

       Substituting equation (1) for Mass of Compound/mole of exhaust gives:

Mass of C from Compound _ Vol. % of Compound   Vol. Wt.  of Compound
    Mole of Exhaust       "        100

                           Mol.  Wt.  of Carbon
                                       X
                           Mol.  Wt.  of Compound

                           Number of C Atoms
                           Molecule of Compound
                       Number of C Atoms     Vol.  % of Compound
                     = Molecule of  Compound X	100	*	X Mo1' Wt' of Carbon

                     The total carbon mass in the exhaust gas  is assumed to be in the form
              of CO,  CO2-  or measured hydrocarbon; therefore,  the expression for the
^             total carbon mass/mole of exhaust is:

-------
          Mass of Carbon in Exhaust . (Vol.% CO+Vol.% COz+Vol.% HC)
              Mole of Exhaust                       100
                                                                         (9)
                                    X Molecular Weight of Carbon

          Note that Vol. % HC is expressed in percent carbon, so that there
   is one carbon atom per molecule.

   G^     General Equation for Emission Specie in Mass/Hr

          Recall equation (2):

                   ,,  ,  Mass of Emission ,, Moles of Exhaust
   Emission (Mass/hr) =      Q{ ^^  X - - -
          Substituting equation (1) for Mass/ Mole and equation (9) for moles
   of exhaust/hr:
          Emission(Mass/hr) a  V°L % °* Emi»»ion  X Mol.  Wt.  of Emission
                               /Mass of Carbon from Fuel)
                               \          hr              /

                               (
                             Mass of Carbon from Exhaust \
                                  Mole of Exhaust         }

       Substituting equation (8) for mass of carbon/hr and equation (9) for
Mass of Carbon from exhaust/mole of exhaust:
_ [Vol.%                     1
" I 100   X Mol. Wt. of Emis sionj X
                                  Mass of Fuel X Mol. Wt of C  5~ /%CorrpiXN3. of C Atom?
                                    Mol. Wt. of Fuel       i  I      100         /
                                                           /
                                                         i  I
                               Mol. Wt. of CyVol. %CO+Vol. %CO2+Vol. %HC
                                            :yVol.	
                                            \  100       100        100     /  -

        Simplifying and rearranging:

                      Vol.% Emission
Emission (Mass/hr) = Vol. %CO+Vol. %CO2+Vol.%HC X Mass of Fuel
                                                                       (10)
                                         J~ /(% Compound X No.of C Atoms)i|
        X Molecular Weight of Emission X  i V.             100            "~ /
                                              Molecular Weight of Fuel

'JD.     Application of General Equation to Emissions from  Natural Gas
        Fueled Combustion Sources

       The composition of natural gas varies widely and often containes CO^
as well as other gases such as Hi.  He,  and N£-  A gas analysis is, therefore,


                                   B-6

-------
necessary to apply the total carbon method to natural gas fueled combustion
processes .
       As an example,  assume that the natural gas fuel contains CH^,
C3H16-  H2-  He< CC>2. and N2'  "^ surrroation term in equation (10) would be:
 _ /(%ComPoundXNo.C Atoms)iV
i  I
              100              /  100 \^ +5X%C5H12) +(6X%C6H14)+(lX%CO2)

        The summation should include all carbon compounds in fuel whether
 part of the combustion process or not.  The molecular weight of the natural
 gas is found by summing the product of the mole fraction of each constituent
 and its molecular weight, for all  the constituent gases in the fuel.

 Molecular Weight = /%CH4 X 16. 04303 J + /%C7H<; X 30. 07012)
                    \100             '    V 100              /

                  + /%CffHa X 44. 09721^+ /VoC^H, n X 58. 12430 j
              ,  tM  \100              J  \ 100              /
              I  /?
                                                            \
                  + /%CC.H12X 72.15139]+ /%CAHM X 86.17848)
                    \ 100            J  \ 100              /

                  + f%H2 X 2.01594   ] -t- /%He X 4.00260 )
                    \100             J   UOO            /

                  + /%CO2 X 44. 0095 j  +/%NoX 28.01340]
                    UOO             j   ViQO            /

E-     Application of the General Equation to Emissions from Gasoline
       Fueled Combustion Sources

       Since gasoline  is the result of a refining and blending process,  it is
a much more  consistent product than natural gas and for all practical pur-
poses contains only liquid hudrocarbons.

       While  an analysis of gasoline  fuel is not normally available, the
generally accepted hydrogen to carbon ratio for gasoline is 1.85.  This
gives a mass  fraction  of carbon in gasoline of .86519.

       It should be recognized that the summation term in equation (10)
divided by the fuel molecular weight, needs only to be  multiplied by the
molecular weight of carbon to  be an expression for the mass fraction of
carbon in the  fuel.   Therefore, the expression could be thought of as the
mass fraction of carbon in fuel divided by the molecular weight of  carbon.

       Substituting the appropriate numerical values  in equation (10)  gives
the equation for gasoline.

                                    B-7

-------
                      Vol. % Emission                  v .,     ,
 Emission (Mass/hr) = VoL % CO+Vol. % CO2+Vol. % HC X Ma6S °f


                    X Molecular Weight of Emission X j|fooO         (


       As a further example, the equation for mass emissions of NOX
 given in the Federal Register (Vol. 37. No."175, Friday, Sept. 8. 1972)
 for heavy duty gasoline engines will be derived.

       First,  note that the Federal Register defines the term TC:

          TC = Vol. % CO2 + Vol. % CO -I- (1.8 X 6 X % HC)

       The constant multipliers 1.8 and 6 come from the fact that the
Federal procedure uses NDIR measurement with hydrocarbons expressed
as hexane, not a. flame ionization technique as assumed in this derivation.

From equation (11):

                         PPM NO
       NOX (grams/hr) =  10000   X Fuel (grams/hr) X 46.0055 X .0721
                           TC
       NOX (grams/hr) = 46" °°    '' °721  NO (PPM) X Fuel
                                                           x N^


       NOX (grams/hr) = 3.32 X 10'4 X NO (PPM) X Fuel (grams/hr>
                                                         TC
                                  B-8

-------
          APPENDIX A-7. EQUATIONS USED IN COMPUTER PROGRAM
A.  Fuel Gas Calculation

    1.  The fuel gas molecular weight is calculated from the mole
        percentages of each constituent in the actual fuel gas.
        These percentages are obtained from the fuel gas analysis
        taken during the on-site testing.

        Fuel molecular wt. = .n  - r-rr - x Molecular Wt. of n      (11)

    2.  The fuel percent carbon, FPCTC, is calculated from the
        mole percentages of each hydrocarbon component in the fuel
        gas using the equation:

                            I (n x Mole % C H,  „)
                    FPCTC = «- -     " 2n+2                     (12)
    3.  The hydrogen- to-carbon ratio,  CHCR,  in the case of natural
        gas can be represented in two  ways.   The fuel hydrocarbon
        hydrogen-to-carbon ratio  of the hydrocarbon components
        only is used in the calculation of the mass exhaust emissions.

                            I (2n+2)  x Mole  % C H-  _
                     CHCR = ^ - S_25±2
                             E (n x  Mole % C H_  „)
                             n ^            n 2n+2'

        The total fuel hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is a measure of all
        of the hydrogen to all of the carbon in the fuel.   This takes
        into account the portions of diatomic hydrogen gas and carbon
        dioxide which are in many fuel gases.

        Total fuel hvdrogen-to-  = H^(2n+2)  X Mole % CnH2n^+(2 X Mole % H2)
                   carbon ratio       _ /                  .
                                      L (n x Mole % CnH2n+2)  + Mole % CO2

    4 .   In the event that a lower heating value is not obtained with the
        fuel gas analysis, this value is calculated using  the equation:
        Lower Heating Value = Higher Heating Value -

                  B25.21 X CHCR x I  (n X Mole % C H,  _)) X
                                 n              n  ^n+z *

                 (U  (2n+2) X Mole %  C H    ) + 2 x Mole %
                                         --
            (lOO - Mole %  He  -  Mole  %  C02  -  Mole % N2 - 0.87H

         '•  ((I Mole % CnH2n+2) x I ((2n+2)  x Mole % cyi^) x  10o)]
                                  A-17

-------
      APPENDIX A-7 (CONTD). EQUATIONS USED IN COMPUTER PROGRAM


B.   Calculation for Fuel Flow

     1.  The volumetric  fuel flow is either calculated from the orifice
         data using the equation
         Where:

              Q = Fuel flow,  SCFH

             C1 = Orifice Constant

             h  = Orifice differential  pressure

             P  = Static Pressure,  psia

         or is taken directly from  the data when another means of
         measuring the fuel flow is used.

     2.   The fuel flow in Ibs/hr is calculated from the volumetric fuel
         flow rate with the equation:

             W  = Q x SG x D

         Where:

             Wf = Fuel flow,  Ibs/hr.

             SG = Fuel gas specific gravity

              D = 0.076487 Ibs/ft  (density of air at standard conditions)

     3.   The fuel heat flow in Ibs/million  BTU is obtained from the volumetric
         fuel flow rate with the equation:

                  Q X HHV


         Where:

             Hf = Fuel heat flow, MIL  BTU/SCF

            HHV = Higher heating value , BTU/SCF

     4.   The brake specific fuel consumption is obtained from the equation:

                  H  x 106
           BSFC r-
                    HP
         Where:

           BSFC  = the brake  specific  fuel  consumption,  BTU/HP-HR

             HP  = the engine brake horsepower
                                  A-18

-------
     APPENDIX A-7 (CONTD). EQUATIONS USED IN COMPUTER PROGRAM
C.   Exhaust Emissions
         The total carbon method of calculating mass  exhaust  emission
         rates is based on the  assumption that all of the  carbon in
         the exhaust comes from the fuel.   The general equation for
         mass emissions in terms of Ibs/hr is:

                  Volume %ExMWofExWfx  FPCTC

              E =         TC~x   MW of fuel                             (13)

         Where:

              E = Mass  exhaust  emission  rate constituent under  consid-
                  eration (i.e.  HC,  CO,  or NO^)

              Volume %  E = the  measured  volumetric concentration of E

                 MW of  E = molecular weight of E
                         = 46.0055 for NOX
                         = 12.01 + 1.008  SjSB. for HC
                         = 28.0106 for CO

                   FPCTC = Fuel percent  carbon (equation 12)

                     TC = Total exhaust carbon (see  below)*

                     FMW = Fuel  molecular weight  (equation 11)

         The measured volumetric concentration of  C.O  is corrected for
         the humidity at 34 °F from the condenser and  for the  CO_ removed
         with the ascarite in the drying column.   The equation  is:

                                    100 _    100 - Volume % EQ02
         Volume %
                                      _
                                 100  + Q-678           Too
         Of all of the  components present  in  the  intake air, COj  is
         assumed to be  the only compound present  in significant quanti-
         ties to affect the exhaust emissions in  the carbon balance
         calculation.   This correction  is  applied because the  ambient
         species are not monitored.  The carbon balance equation  for
         total exhaust  carbon  is expressed as:
                                                            0 33 x  180
        *TC = Volume %  CO. + Volume % CO + Volume % HC -
                                                         180  +  Volume % C02

     2.   Fuel Specific Emissions

         The mass  emission rates are  converted  to  fuel  specific or  heat
         input emission  rates using the equation:

            FSE =  E/Hf

         Where:
            FSE =  the fuel specific emission, Ibs./MIL  BTU
                                 A-19

-------
APPENDIX A-7 (CONTD). EQUATIONS USED IN COMPUTER PROGRAM


3.  Brake Specific Emissions

    The brake specific or work output emissions can also be calculated
    from the mass emission rates  using the equation:

           _ E X 453.6 g/lbs.
           ~~       WD

    Where:

       BSE = the brake specific emissions g/HP-HR

4.  NOX Correction for 15% 02

    The volumetric NOX emissions  can also be expressed in terms of
    15% 02 using the equation:

              E x (20.9 -  15)
      CNCL
         x   20.9 - Volume % 02

    Where:

      CNOX = the corrected NOX concentration, ppm by volume

    This takes into account the established oxygen content of the
    air and the measured oxygen content of the exhaust.   The value
    is then corrected to an assumed oxygen level of 15%  in the
    exhaust.

5.  The exhaust gas mass flow rate in Ibs/hr. is the sum of all
    of the mass flow rates of the components in the exhaust:

      Exhaust Flow = NOX mass (Ibs/hr.)  + C02 mass (Ibs/hr.) +

                     HC mass  (Ibs/hr.)  + CO mass (Ibs/hr.)  +
                     O2 mass  (Ibs/hr.)  + H2O mass (Ibs/hr.)* +

                     N2 + Ar  mass (Ibs/hr.)*

6.  The exhaust specific gravity is obtained from the exhaust gas
    mass flow rate and the molecular weight of air (28.9644) with
    the equation:
         „ ,    ^     .„.      .^    Exhaust Flow
         Exhaust specific gravity = —-r—•
                                      2o • ,
7.  The exhaust velocity in ft/sec,  is determined from the exhaust
    gas mass flow rate and the measured area of the stack with the
    equation:
                            	Exhaust flow (Ibs/hr.)
         Exhaust velocity
                            AREA  X VOLUME (corrected) x 3600 sec/hr.
                             A-20

-------
ll
                      APPENDIX A-7 (CONTD).  EQUATIONS USED IN COMPUTER PROGRAM

                  D.  Airflow Calculations

                          The airflow is not a measured value.  It is calculated from the
                     measured composition  of the exhaust gas, the calculated water vapor
                     content of  the  exhaust and the remainder is nitrogen and argon in
                     the  same proportion to each other as in air.

                     1.   The determination of percent water in the exhaust is not a
                          measured quantity.  It is calculated from the water content of
                          the intake  air and the water produced from combustion by a
                          double pass through these equations in the computer program:

                                  100 DC + Hi  (100 - H?)
                          % H,0 =	—
                             ^        100 + DC - H2
                          Where:

                          % H20 = the percent water in the exhaust

                             r\/~>   HCRT   f r*r\    r*r\   0.033 AFR\


                             H]_ = Exhaust water content due to inlet air

                                   H X MWR X AFR X 100
                              1 ~ (7000 + AH)  X (1 + AFR)

                             H2 = Exhaust water content of sample conditioned at 34°F
                                  assuming 100% relative humidity.

                                = 0.678

                           HCRT = Total fuel hydrogen to carbon ratio

                            AFR = Air to fuel ratio

                              H = Absolute or specific humidity

                     2.   The mole fraction of nitrogen/argon combination is determined
                          using the equation:

                          Mole Percent (N2 + Ar)  = 100 - 0.678 - Mole % H20 + Mole % O2 +
                                        Mole % C02 + Mole % CO + Mole % HC + Mole % NOV
                                                                                      X

                     3.   The mass flow rate of water in the exhaust is calculated from
                          equation (13) :

                             E  _ %H20 X MW of H20 X Wf x FPCTC X (100 - 0.678)
                              w = 	
                                         TC X (100 - % H2O)  X MW of fuel
                         Where:

                             Ew = the mass flow rate of water,  Ibs/hr.
                                                  A-21

-------
 APPENDIX A-7 (CONTD). EQUATIONS USED IN COMPUTER PROGRAM
4.  The mass flow rate of the nitrogen/argon in the exhaust is
    determined with equation 13 where the molecular weight reflects
    the proportion of argon in the air (i.e.,  28.159).

5.  The air mass flow rate is the difference between the exhaust mass
    flow rate and the fuel mass flow rate in Ibs/hr.

         Mass Airflow (Ibs/hr.)  = Exhaust Flow (Ibs/hr.)  - Wf

6.  The air to fuel ratio is then calculated from the mass airflow
    rate using the equation:
           _ Mass airflow (Ibs/hr.)

                     Wf

7.  The absolute humidity is calculated with a series of equations.
    The vapor pressure at the wet and dry bulbs are calculated from
    the Wexler and Greenspan equation.
                          10      i  3
          P = exp (B Hn T + E F;  T    )
                          i=l
    Where P = saturation vapor pressure of water at the  wet or dry
              bulb temperature in pascals

          B = -12.150799
          T as wet or dry bulb temperature in °K

         FI = -8.49922 x 103

         F2 = -7.4231865 X 103
         F3 = 96.1635147

         F4 = 2.4917646 X 10~2

         F5 = -1.3160119 X 10~5
         F6 = -1.1460454 x 10"8
         F7 = 2.1701289 X 10"11

         FQ = -3.610258 X 10~15
                             IS
         F9 = 3.8504519 X 10
      ' FIQ = -1.4317 X 10~21

    The partial pressure of the water vapor is then determined from
    "Ferrels equation."

         PV = PWB - o.oooeeo (TDB -  T^)  BP [1+0.00115  (T^ - 273.15)]


    Where Pv = partial pressure of the water vapor in pascals

        P._ _ saturation vapor pressure of water at the  wet bulb temperature
         Wo ~

        T   = dry bulb temperature
                             A-Z2

-------
     APPENDIX A-7 (CONTD). EQUATIONS USED IN COMPUTER PROGRAM

           T   = wet bulb temperature
            Wo

            BP = barometric pressure

        The relative humidity,  RH,  is computed from the partial pressure
        of the water vapor and  the  saturation vapor pressure at the dry
        bulb temperature, ?„,  with the equation:
                           DB
               m (Pv) (100)
                    PDB

        The specific or absolute humidity on the dry basis of the intake
        air is defined as
                                                                      (15)
                 BP - Pv

        Where H = specific or absolute humidity

                _ 0.6220 g H^O   453.6 g/Ib_
                    g/dry air    0.0648 g/gr

        The absolute humidity can also be determined from the relative
        humidity.  This equation is a rearrangement of equation (14).
            P.
             V
                      (PDB)
                     100
        This value for the partial pressure of the water vapor is entered
        into equation (15) to determine the absolute humidity.

E.  Miscellaneous Calculation

    1.  The exhaust duct or stack area is calculated from the measured
        dimensions of the duct or stack.   The equation for a rectangular
        exhaust duct is

         Area = length x width

        If the exhaust stack is circular, the area is determined with
        the equation

         Area = C  (diameter)

        Where C = —
                  4

    2.  A means of verifying the measured oxygen concentration in the
        exhaust was incorporated into the computer program.  The oxygen
        content of the exhaust is tied up in the combustion products, i.e.
        C02/ CO, NOx and H20 as well as the excess oxygen.  The total
        measured oxygen content is
                                 A-23

-------
r
                  APPENDIX A-7 (CONTD). EQUATIONS USED IN COMPUTER PROGRAM

                                     E ,„  X  ( ppm N00 X MW of 0- + ppm NO X AW OF  O)
                                      "Ox                                             +
                     Measured % 02 -           (ppm NO2 + ppm NO) x MW of N02

                                  E    X MW of 02   ECO X AW of 0         EH Q X  AW of 0

                                   MW of C02+    MW of CO   + E02 +   MW of H20


                     This  is compared to  the oxygen content calculated from the  intake
                     air.   This  calculation  assumes a correct value  for CO- in the
                     fuel  and in the exhaust and the calculated value for the absolute
                     humidity.   The equation is:

                                       Mass  Airflow x 7000 x 0.2318
                     Calculated  % 0- = 	—	•	  +
                                   2           AH x 7000

                                       Mass Airflow X AH X 0.8881 +
                                               AH X 7000

                                      Mole % C02(fUel) X MW of 02 X  Wf
                                                 FMW

                     The oxygen  balance is the percent difference between the measured
                     and the calculated percent oxygen.
                                      measured % 02 -  calculated % 02
                     Oxygen balance =	x  100
                                               measured % 02

                     The computer program then calculates the  correct oxygen value
                     assuming  that the C02,  CO, and NO and NOX concentration have
                     been  measured correctly.

                              „.  „     „     (100 - 0.678) x AFR x Exhaust Specific  gravity x 7000_
                     Correct %  O2 = % 02  X 	(100 - % H2O) X  (AFR + 1)  x  (7000  +  AH)	
               f., -,    a r.      0.033 X AFRj,
             X (Volume % E    -   1 + M|R   )J-
                                            HCRT        ,     a  _
                                                  x   Volume %  E
[(0.5
                                                                      . 0.5 X

                                                       Mole % COJfuel)
                                              »
                                       Volume %                   x SG(fuel)
                      The equation is  based on a constant oxygen concentration in
                      the intake (assumed)  and the measured values for each of the
                      oxygen containing emissions.  It is a good cross check for the
                      measured oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the exhaust
                      because these are the two major oxygen containing compounds in
                      the exhaust.  The water concentration is also included which is
                      calculated from the measured intake humidity and the calculated
                      exhaust moisture content.
                                               A-24

-------
                                                          COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                    APPENDIX U

                         ANNUBAR FLOW CALCULATIONS
Emissions Testing                                                     Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------
ANNUBARFLOW CALCULATIONS




    Supplied by Dietrich Standard
             263

-------
                   Dieterich Standard ANNUBAR Flow Calculation

                           Item:  7
                                                                   10-JAN-94
Reference no: EXH1        Item:  7      P.O.:
    Customer: REP                        Tag:
       Fluid: Stack gas            Serial no:
       Model: DCR-25       HA2   CB2SS
             Pipe Size: I.D.=   9.760    Wall
                                                 .120
O.D.
10.000
                                     Inche
 D.P. Eq*n 2.4 REV 1.0  Gas — Volume Rate of Flow 6 STD Cond
                2
 C*= Ena x K x D x Fra x Ya x Fpb x Ftb x Ftf x Fg x Fpv x Fm
  x. Faa x Fl
nw
       i    ( QS) 2
          x ( - )
       Pf   ( c*)
            i	m 	

QS «= c* x V nw x P
 Description
                             Term   Value
             Units
Units 'Conversion Factor '
ANNUBAR Flow Coefficient
Internal Pipe Diameter
.Base Pressure Factor
'Base "Temperature -Factor
Specific Gravity Factor
Manometer . Factor
Gage 'location Factor
Fna
K
D
Fpb
Ftb
Fg
Fn
Fl
5.6362
.6242
9.76
1
1
1.0011
1
1


inches
6 14.73 PSIA
% 60 F
SG = .9978


                                     MAX
                                                NORM
                        MIN
• Flowrate
Calculation Constant
Pipe Reynolds Number
Reynolds Number Factor
Gas Expansion Factor
Flowing Viscosity
Flowing Temperature
Flowing Temp Factor
Supercmprss. Factor
Thermal Expansion Factor
Flowing Pressure
Differential Pressure
QS
C1
RD
Fra
Ya
uf
•Tf
Ftf
Fpv
Faa
Pf
hw
3100
226.033
0
1
.9965






12.9
1856
226.532
0
1
.9987
0
700
.6694
1
1.01
14.559
4.61
680
226.781
0
1
.9998






.618
SCFM




Centipc
F



PSIA
in H20
 * - Indicates Manual Override
        Customer Design P & T:
             Max Allowable DP:
     Flow at Max Allowable DP:
            Natural Frequency:
       Max'Allowable Pressure:
              and Temperature:
                                  LIMITS

                                     10
                                     194
                                    11400
                                     397
                                     810
                                     850
         in Hg §60F &    900
         in H20     6    900
         SCFM
          CPS
         PSIG       §    850
         F
     F
     F
CAUTION Model Temp limit exceeded
CAUTION Mounting Hardware    required
CAUTION CMH or LMH Req'd,  Std=1.313n

-------
                   Dieterich Standard ANNUBAR Flow Calculation
                                      10-JAN-94
 Reference no: EGRl        Item:   8      P.O.:
     Customer: REP                        Tag:
        Fluid: Stack gas            Serial no:
        Model: DCR-15       HA1    CB1    MP2
              Pipe Size: 4"SCH 40
                                    V
 D.P.  Eqxn 2.4 REV 1.0  Gas —  Volume  Rate of Flow 6 STD Cond
                2
 CA= Fna x K x D x Fra x Ya x Fpb x Ftb x Ftf x Fg x Fpv x Fm
  x Faa x, Fl
fcw
       Pf
 Description
Term
Value
Units
Units Conversion Factor
ANNUBAR Flow Coefficient
Internal Pipe Diameter
Base Pressure Factor Fpb
"Base Temperature .Factor
Specific Gravity Factor
Manometer .Factor
Gage Location Factor
Fna
K
D

Ftb
Fg
Fn
Fl
5.6362
.6235
4.026
- 1
1
1
1
1


inch-
e
§
SG


                                    MAX
Flowrate
Calculation Constant
Pipe Reynolds: Number
Reynolds Number .Factor
Gas Expansion Factor
Flowing "Viscosity
Flowing Temperature
FJLowing Temp Tactor
Sjipercmprss.  Factor
Thermal Expansion Factor
Flowing Pressure
Differential  Pressure

* - Indicates Manual Override
       Customer Design P & T:
            Hax Allowable DP:
    Flow at Max Allowable DP:
           Natural Frequency:
      Max 'Allowable Pressure:
             and Temperature:
     LIMITS

         4
        160
       2180
        633
        865
        775
                                                      14.73
                                                       60
                                                        1.0000
                                  PSIA
                                  F
                   NORM
                       MIN
Qs
C*
RD
Fra
Ya
uf
Tf
Ftf
Fpv
Faa
Pf
hw
600
47.1112
0
1
.997






11.1
150
47.2435
0
1
.9998
0
300
.8271
1
1.003
14.559
.692
0
0
0
1
.9967






0
SCFM




Centipoise
F



PSIA
in H2O
        in Eg 660F 6    700
        in H2O     §    700
        SCFM
         CPS
        PSIG       6    700
        F
                   F
                   F

-------
                   Dieterich Standard ANNUBAR Flow Calculation
                                                                   10-JAN-94
Reference no: AIR2
    Customer: REP
       Fluid: Air
       Model: DCR-25
                           Item:
                            HA2
2      P.O.:
        Tag:
  Serial no:
CA2   MP4
 D.P. Eq»n 2.4 REV 1.0  Gas — Volume -Rate of Flow §  STD Cond
                2
 C*= Fna x K x D x Fra x Ya x Fpb x Ftb x Ftf x Fg x  Fpv x Fm
 - x Faa x -Fl
1
.bw = 	
%' ' *f
( Qs) 2
x ( - )
( C')
/-

-------
                   Dieterich Standard ANNUBAR  Flow Calculation
                                      10-JAN-94
 Reference no: AIR1        Item:   1      P.O.:
    Customer: REP                        Tag:
        Fluid: Air                  Serial no:
        Model: DCR-25       HA2    CA2   MP4
              Pipe Size:  8"SCH 40
 D.'P. Eq*n 2.4 REV 1.0  Gas —  Volume Rate of Flow §  STD Cond
    x^-^s       -s2  *    r      v     x     -s.   J-     *
 c%= 
-------
                  Dieterich Standard ANNUBAR Flow Calculation
                                                             10-JAN-94
Reference no: AIR3
    Customer: REP
       Fluid: Air
       Model: DCR-25
                    Item:
                     HA2
                                 3      P.O.:
                                         Tag:
                                   Serial no:
                                 CA2   MP4
D.P. Eg*n 2.4 REV 1.0  Gas — Volume Rate of Flow § STD Cond
               2
C*= Fna x K x D x Fra x Ya x Fpb x Ftb x Ftf x Fg x Fpv x Fm
 x Faa x Fl
.nw
1

Pf
           ( Qs) 2
           ( - )
Qs = C* x \/ hw x Pf
Description
                       Term   Value
                                                Units
Units -Conversion Factor
ANNUBAR Flow Coefficient
Internal Pipe Diameter
. Base Pressure Factor
Base Temperature Factor
.Specific Gravity Factor
•Manometer Factor
Cage Location Factor
Fna
.K
D
Fpb
•Ftb
Fg
Fn
Fl
5.6362
,6173
7.981
1
1
1
1
1


inches
e
@
SG =





14.73 PSIA
60 F
1.0000


                                    MAX
- Flowrate
Calculation Constant
Pipe Reynolds Number
Reynolds Number Factor
Gas Expansion Factor
Flowing Viscosity
Flowing Temperature
Flowing Temp Factor
Super cmprss. Factor
Thermal Expansion Factor
Flowing Pressure
Differential Pressure
Qs
C*
RD
Fra
Ya
uf
Tf
Ftf
Fpv
Faa
Pf
hw
3000
204.471
0
1
.9984






9.61
                                          NORM

                                          1775
                                         204.696
                                            0
                                            1
                                          .9995
                                            0
                                           150
                                          .9232
                                            1
                                          1.001
                                         22.395
                                          3.36
                                                           MIN

                                                            680    SCFM
                                                          204.778
                                                             0
                                                             1
                                                           .9999
                                                                   Centipois*
                                                                   F
                                                                   PSIA
                                                           .492    in H2O
* - Indicates Manual Override
       Customer Design P & T:
            Max Allowable DP:
    Flow at Max Allowable DP:
           Natural Frequency:
      Max'Allowable Pressure:
             and Temperature:
                            LIMITS

                               20
                               327
                              16600
                               508
                              1340
                               600
                                            in Hg €60F &
                                            in H2O     6
                                            SCFM
                                             GPS
                                            PSIG       6
                                            F
                         150
                         150
                         150
F
F

-------
                    Dieterich Standard ANNUBAR Flow Calculation

                            Item:   6
                                                                   10-JAN-94
Reference no: AIR6        Item:  6      P.O.:
    Customer: REP                        Tag:
       Fluid: Air                  Serial no:
       Model: DCR-25       HA2   CA2   MP4
             Pipe Size: I.D.=  13.720    Wall
                                                  .140
O.D.=  14.000
Inche
  D.P.  Eq*n 2.4 REV 1.0  Gas — Volume Rate of Flow  @  STD Cond
                 2
  Cx= Fna x K x D x Fra x Ya x Fpb x Ftb x Ftf x Fg  x  Fpv x Fm
  x Faa  x Fl


  hw «	x ( - )                   Qs = C* x V hw x Pf
       Pf.   ( Cx)
Description ' Term
Units Conversion Factor Fna
ANNUBAR Flow Coefficient K
Internal "Pipe Diameter D
Base. Pressure Factor Fpb
Base Temperature Factor Ftb
Specif ic -Gravity Factor Fg
Manometer Factor Fn
Gage Location Factor Fl

Flowrate Qs
Calculation Constant Cx
Pipe Reynolds Number RD
Reynolds .Number- Factor Fra
Gas Expansion Factor Ya
Flowing Viscosity -uf
Flowing Temperature Tf
Flowing Temp Factor Ftf
Supercmprss. Factor Fpv
Thermal Expansion Factor Faa
Flowing Pressure Pf
Differential Pressure hw
* - Indicates Manual Override

Customer Design P & T:
Max Allowable DP:
Flow at Max Allowable DP:
Natural Frequency:
Max 'Allowable Pressure:
and Temperature:
Value
5.6362
.6328
13.72
1
1
1
1
1
MAX
3000
641.096
0
1
.9998





.978

LIMITS
40
125
33100
230
1420
600
Units


inches
6 14.73 PSIA
§ 60 F
SG = 1.0000


NORM MIN
1775 680 SCFM
641.16 641.224
0 0
1 1
.9999 1
0 Centipoise
110 F
.9551
1
1
22.395 PSIA
.342 .0502 in H20


in Hg §60F & no F
in H2O 6 110 F
SCFM
CPS
PSIG e no F
F
CAUTION Low DP warning § Min. flow

-------
                   Dieterich Standard -ANNUBAR Flow Calculation
                                      10-JAN-94
 Reference no: AIR4        Item:   4      P.O.:
     Customer: REP                       Tag:
        Fluid: Air                 Serial no:
        Model: DCR-25       HA2    CA2   MP4
              pipe siz"40
 D.P.  Eq*n 2.4 REV 1.0  Gas — Volume Rate of Flow @ STD Cond
                2
 C*= Fna x K x D x Fra x Ya x Fpb x Ftb x Ftf x Fg x Fpv x Fm
  x Faa x Fl
1 ( QS) 2
fcw = 	 ' x { - )
pf c CM
/ 	
Qs = Cx x V hw x Pf

Description
Term   Value
    Units
tJnits <3onversion Factor
ANNUBAR Flow Coefficient
Internal Pipe Diameter
Base Pressure Factor
Base Temperature Factor
Specific Gravity Factor
Manometer Factor
Gage Ixacation Factor
Fna
K
D
Fpb
Ftb
Fg
Fn
Fl
5^6362
.6173
7.981
' 1
1
1
1
1


inci
6
§
Si


                                    MAX
                   NORM
                                                      14.73
                                                       60
                                                        1.0000
               MIN
                                  PSIA
                                  F
Flowrate
Calculation Constant
Pipe Reynolds Number
.Reynolds Number Factor
Gas Expansion Factor
Flowing Viscosity
Flowing Temperature
Flowing -Temp .Factor
Supercmprss.  Factor
Thermal Expansion Factor
Flowing Pressure
Differential  Pressure

* — Indicates Manual Override
Qs
c*
RD
Fra
Ya
uf
Tf
Ftf
Fpv
or Faa
Pf
hw
3000
210.944
0
1
.9966






13.9
1775
211.41 21
0
1
.9988
0
110
.9551
1
1
14.559
4.84
                               680     SCFM
                                .621
                                0
                                1
                               9998
                                      Centipoise
                                      F
                                      PSIA
                              .709    in H2O
       Customer Design P & T:
            Max Allowable DP:
    Flow at Max Allowable DP:
            Natural Frequency:
      Max'Allowable Pressure:
              and Temperature:
     LIMITS

        20
        327
       13400
        508
       1420
        600
in Hg @60F &    no
in H20     §    no
SCFM
 CPS
PSIG       e    110
F
F
F

-------
                   Dieterich Standard ANNUBAR Flow Calculation
                                      10-JAN-94
Reference no: AIRS         Item:  5      P.O.:
    Customer: REP                        Tag:
       Fluid: Air                  Serial no:
       Model: DCR-25       HA2   CA2   MP4
             Pipe Size:  8"SCH 40
                                                                        fecss.
D.P. Eg^n 2.4 REV 1.0  Gas — Volume Rate of Flow @ STD Cond
               2
Cx= Fna x K x D x Fra x Ya x Fpb x Ftb x Ftf x Fg x Fpv x Fm
 x Faa x Fl
      1    ( Qs) 2
hw =	x ( - )
      P£   ( C*)
QS = C' X V
                      x Pf
Description
Term   Value
             Units
Onits Conversion Factor
ANNUBAR Flow Coefficient
Internal Pipe Diameter
Base. Pressure Factor
Base Temperature Factor
Specific Gravity Factor
Manometer Factor
Gage "Location Factor
Fna
K
D
Fpb
Ftb
Fg
Fn
Fl
5.6362
.6173
7.981
1
1
1
1
1


inches
e 14.73 PSIA
§ 60 F
SG = 1.0000


                                    MAX
                   NORM
                        KIN
Flowrate
Calculation Constant
Pipe Reynolds Number
Reynolds Number Factor
Gas Expansion Factor
Flowing Viscosity
Flowing Temperature
Flowing Temp Factor
Supercmprss . Factor
Thermal Expansion Factor
Flowing Pressure
Differential Pressure
Qs
C*
RD
Fra
Ya
uf
Tf
Ftf
Fpv
Faa
Pf
hw
3000
211.515
0
1
.9993






6.25
1775
211.621
0
1
.9998
0
110
.9551
1
1
32.191
2.19
680
211.664
0
1
1






.321
SCFM




Centip<
F



PSIA
in H20
* - Indicates Manual Override
       Customer Design P & T:
            Max Allowable DP:
    Flow at Max Allowable DP:
           Natural Frequency:
      Max'Allowable Pressure:
             and Temperature:
     LIMITS

        40
        327
       20900
        508
       1420
        600
in Kg §60F &
in H20     e
SCFM
 GPS
PSIG       ft
F
                         110
                         110
                         HO
F
F

-------
                                                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                   APPENDIX V


                          ADDITIONAL CALCULATIONS
Emissions Testing                                                   Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
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-------
                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                   CALCULATIONS AND DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

This  section describes  the  calculation methodology  and parameter terminology  employed
throughout the test program and the data reduction phase.  Where possible industry standards
were  used, when not possible, equations were developed using fundamental physical laws and
relationships.  The information is presented by grouping related subjects under the following
headings:

        •  General Engine
        •  General Emissions
        •  Cylinder Pressure and Combustion Stability
        •  Calculated Combustion Parameters

GENERAL ENGINE

The  following  sections provide descriptions of the terms used  to  describe  the  engine
performance, detail the derivation of the calculations used, and explain the methods by which
the primary analysis tools were developed.

        Torque

        During testing, % torque was used as the basis for specifying engine load rather than
        horsepower. This is a result of the dependence of the horsepower calculation on engine
        speed. Due to its fundamental relationship to the force being generated by the engine,
        torque is a  more direct, or primary, measurement of engine output. By utilizing torque,
        we were able to specify constant torque settings  at which to test the different engine
        speeds required per the test matrix (i.e.  100% torque at 300, 270 rpm, etc.).
        Engine torque was measured by means of a calibrated load cell. The energy generated
        by the engine was absorbed by the water brake dynamometer in terms of torque. The
        measured torque was then converted to engine horsepower.

        Horsepower

        Engine horsepower was determined by direct measurement of engine torque. The
        calculation for converting torque to BHP is as follows:

                                 BHP = (Torque x Rpm)/ 5252
                                 Where:
                                    BHP = Brake Horsepower
                                    Torque = Foot Pounds force
                                    RPM = Revolutions Per Minute
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-------
                                                        COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
      Fuel Flow

      Fuel flow was measured with an orifice plate installed on the fuel line leading to the
      engine. Differential pressure, suction pressure, and temperature were monitored and flow
      calculated. The equations used are:

                 C = FbxFpbxFtbxFgxFtfxFrxY2xFpvxFm
                 0  -
                 ^"'   60
      Where:
               Qh = quantity of flow at base conditions, - —
                                                       hr
               Qtm = quantity of flow at base conditions, SCFM
               C' = orifice flow constant
               Fb = basic orifice flow factor
               Fpb = pressure base factor
               Ftb = temperature base factor
               Fg = specific gravity factor
               Ftf = flowing temperature factor
               Fr = Reynolds number factor
               Y2 = expansion factor (pressure from downstream tap}
               Fpv = super compressibility factor
               Fm = manometer factor
               hw = differential pressure, in. H2O
               Pf = static pressure, psia
ref:    Orifice Meter Constants, Handbook E-2 (Based on AGA Report No. 3) by H.V.
              Beck, American Meter Company (1955)
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-------
                                                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
       Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC)

       The BSFC is used to provide a measure of the general combustion efficiency of the
       engine. It allows one to see the unit of fuel energy input per horsepower output.
                           BHP

              where:         LHV = Lower Heating Value of fuel gas [btu/scf]
                             Qh = Fuel Flow [scf/hr]

       Cylinder Exhaust Temperatures

       The exhaust temperatures were measured at the exhaust elbow immediately downstream
       of each power cylinder.

GENERAL EMISSIONS

       Raw Emissions Levels

       The raw emissions levels are provided in  parts  per million (ppm) as measured in the
       exhaust stream for NOx, CO, and THC. The O2 and CO2 levels are expressed in terms
       of % exhaust flow.  This is standard  within most industries, and how the emissions
       levels are output by the analyzers themselves.

       Exhaust Flow

       Three  methods were used to calculate the  exhaust flow:  EPA 40 CFR part 60 method
       19,  a carbon balance method, and flow calculations based annubar flow measurements.
       Method 19 utilizes the  measured excess O2 in the exhaust stream, fuel flow, and the
       basic stoichiometric chemical relationships of natural gas combustion to calculate total
       exhaust flow.

                                                      209
              Exhaust  Flow = ffuei x GCVj x Fd x ( - : - )         [scfm]
                                                   20.9 -%(h               J

              Where:         Exhaust _ Flow = [scfm]
                             f/uei = Fuel Flow [scfm]
                             Fd = fuel specific F-factor [scf/mmbtu]
                             Fd = IE6 x [(Kc x %Q + (KM x %H) +
                                  (Kn X %Nl) - (Ko X %02)] H- GCV
                             % X = concentration of constituent X from an ultimate fuel
                                   analysis, weight percent
                             £c = 1.53[scf71bm/%]
                             Khd =  3.64 [scf/lbm/%]

Emissions Testing                                                   Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
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-------
                                                         COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                            Kn= 0.14[scf/lbm/%]
                            Ko = 0.46 [scf/lbm/%]
                            GCVj = Gross Calorific Value of the fuel [btu/lbm]
                            GCV/ = HHV + p f
                            HHV = Higher Heating Value of fuel [btu/scf]
                            p f = fuel density [Ibm/scf]
                            %02 = % 62 in exhaust stream

      The carbon balance method is derived from conservation of mass and based on the
      premise that all carbon compounds in the exhaust derive from the fuel and the addition
      of normal atmospheric CO2. The carbon balance calculations are presented in Appendix
      T of this document.

      Flow  measurements were  taken on  the exhaust  flow from the engine.  A  dedicated
      Annubar flow measurement device  was used to  measure the flow.   Annubar flow
      calculations are presented in Appendix U of this report.

      Air Flow

      Two  methods were used to calculate the engine air flow: a carbon balance method, and
      flow  calculations based annubar flow measurements.  The carbon balance method is
      derived from conservation  of mass and based on the premise that all carbon compounds
      in the exhaust derive from the fuel and the addition of normal atmospheric CC>2.  The
      carbon balance calculations are presented in Appendix T of this document.

      Flow measurements  were  taken on  the exhaust flow from the engine.  A  dedicated
      Annubar flow  measurement  device was  used to measure the flow.  Annubar flow
      calculations are presented in Appendix U of this report.

      NOX Concentration - Corrected to  15% C>2

      In many regulatory documents, the  NOx emissions are required to be presented after
      being normalized to  15% O2 in  the exhaust  stream.   This allows a fair relative
      comparison of emissions levels between different applications.

                                      (M?.)x (20.9 -15.0)
                            NOx(\5%) = 	
                                          (20.9-
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-------
                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
       Emissions Mass Flow

       Emissions mass flow for NOx, CO, and THC are provided in two forms:  on a mass per
       time basis [Ibm/hr], and a mass per unit load [gm/bhp-hr].  Like the C>2 corrected NOx
       concentration,  the mass  emissions  presentation  is  to   satisfy  the  variability  in
       environmental regulatory rules.

       Mass Emissions [Ibm/hr]

               This  presentation  method provides  a view of the total mass (in pounds-mass)
               emissions  being generated per hour of unit operation.  It is independent of the
               load at which the unit is operating.

                       _    _    _       20.9        .   GCVj
                       Em = Cd X F.d X 	 X  Oh X 	
                                      (20.9-%02)        IE6

                             where:  £„ = pollutant emissions rate [Ibm/hr]
                                     Cd = pollutant concentration [Ibm/scf]
                                            for CO,  Cd = (ppmCO) x 7.268£ - 8
                                            for NOX, Cd = (ppmNO*) x 1.194 £ - 7

               Brake Specific Emissions [g/bhp-hr]

               This presentation method provides a view of the total mass (in grams) emissions
               being generated per horsepower-hour.  It can be thought of as an emissions
               efficiency  indicator. By definition, it takes the operating engine load into
               account.

                                   _     (Em x 453.6)
                                   higm — 	
                                            BHP

                                    where:  Egm = pollutant emissions rate [g/bhp-hr]
                                            \_lbm = 453.6_ grams
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                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
CYLINDER PRESSURE AND COMBUSTION STABILITY

The cylinder combustion pressure of each power  cylinder was measured by a piezo electric
pressure  sensor mounted directly into the air start port of each  cylinder head.   These were
specifically installed for use by the Woodward combustion analysis system (CAS) and the DSP
redline combustion analysis system.  The pressure sensors provided pressure information which
was then matched to the crankshaft  position at which it occurred. From these pressure-crank
angle traces the combustion analysis systems  , the CAS and the  DSP redline, determined the
peak pressure, location of peak pressure, indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), etc.

       Peak Pressure (PP)

       Peak pressure is defined as the maximum combustion pressure that occurs during each
       engine revolution. In two-stroke cycle engines, the PP can be a volatile parameter. Even
       in a well balanced,  stable engine, the cycle to cycle PP can fluctuate  dramatically.
       Maintaining  similar peak pressures  between  power  cylinders  translates to a well
       balanced engine optimized for exhaust emissions  and fuel consumption.

       Standard Deviation of Peak Pressure

       One of the first signs  of combustion  instability can  be an increase  in  the standard
       deviation  of peak pressure.  Cylinder to cylinder imbalance, cylinder misfire, and other
       combustion related events can cause an  increase  in  the standard deviation  of peak
       pressure.  Additionally, the  peak pressure  spread is the difference between the highest
       power cylinder  average peak  pressure,  and the lowest  power cylinder  average peak
       pressure.  It provides a very simple look at the relative balance of an engine.

       Location of Peak Pressure (LPP)

       Location of peak pressure is the crank angle at which the peak pressure occurs. When no
       combustion occurs, the  location of peak pressure will be at the cylinder thermodynamic
       top  dead  center (TDC).  When combustion is  present, the pressure will rise  during
       combustion to some maximum  after TDC, and then fall as  the increasing cylinder
       volume overcomes the combustion effect on pressure.

       Standard Deviation of Location of Peak Pressure

       When combustion becomes unstable, the standard deviation of location of peak pressure
       increases.  When an engine  is operating in a state of continuous misfire, the location of
       peak pressure may move toward TDC, falsely indicating  improved combustion.  When
       looked at in conjunction with the STDV of  LPP, the erratic operation of the engine is
       seen through the increase in the standard  deviation.  In addition, the location of peak
       pressure spread is the difference between the earliest average power cylinder LPP, and
       the  latest average power cylinder LPP. The  STDV of LPP can, in some  cases, provide
       insight into the relative misfire rate of the engine.
 Emissions Testing                                                    Pacific Environmental Services
 Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
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                                                             COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
        Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP)

        Indicated mean effective pressure is a measure of the total amount of work performed by
        a cylinder during a single cycle. Calculation of IMEP requires that a pressure-volume
        relationship be determined during each cycle. The area within this p-V curve is the total
        amount of indicated work done by that cylinder during that cycle. The IMEP is then
        calculated by numerically integrating the p-V diagram.

                                     IMEP = \pdV

 CALCULATED COMBUSTION PARAMETERS

 Air/fuel ratio is a commonly referenced engine (combustion) parameter used to correlate certain
 performance and emissions characteristics.  Generically, the term is defined as the mass ratio of
 air to fuel  involved  in the combustion process.   Although  the term  is  sometimes used by
 considering the engine as a black box and calculating the total air and fuel mass flows.

        Total Air/Fuel Ratio

        Total air/fuel  ratio  is an air/fuel ratio based on the total mass through the engine.  This is
        a ratio  of the  mass  of the total air flow through the engine (trapped + scavenging) to the
        mass of the fuel flow.

        Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio

        To make proper use of air/fuel ratio as an indicator of performance and, particularly,
        emissions, one must consider  the ratio that is actually trapped in the  cylinder during
        combustion.   While  the  measurement of  trapped  air/fuel  ratio  is  a difficult  and
        impractical task, with certain engineering assumptions and supporting experimental data,
        a calculation methodology  exists  to  obtain   a  correlation  adequate  for  relative
        comparisons. 1
                        Rs

1 Taylor, Charles Fayette, Internal Combustion Engine in Theory and Practice-Volume 1. The M.I.T. Press,
Cambridge, Mass., 1985	
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Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
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-------
                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                       —7?
               e* = 1 — e     (assumes perfect mixing)

              Where:        AF' = Trapped Air/Fuel Ratio
                             AF = Total Air/Fuel Ratio
                             Rs = Scavenging Ratio
                             d = Scavenging Efficiency

                             m" air - Mass Flow of Air [Ibm/min.]

                             m" / = Mass Flow of Fuel [Ibm/min.]
                             PS = Scavenging Air Density [lbm/ft.3] (at Air Manifold
                                   Temperature and Exhaust Manifold Pressure)
                             N - Engine Speed [rpm]
                             Vi = Trapped Volume [ft3]

       Peak Combustion Temperature

       In order to investigate further into the combustion event, the peak combustion
       temperatures can be calculated. This allows a more direct analysis and comparison of
       data by removing the variations caused by fluctuating engine and ambient conditions.
       This type of analysis is particularly useful when studying parameters that are highly
       dependent upon temperature (i.e. NOX formation). The  peak combustion temperature
       calculations are based on the ideal  gas law and are therefore limited regarding absolute
       accuracy, however they provide an excellent means for relative comparisons between
       data gathered on a particular source.


               PV = mRT   Ideal Gas Law         TP=   "'  PP  Ideal Gas Law
                                                          m,R

               nit = niair +fflf + nir
                 ,r = AF'x —
               mj =
m"f
 N
                r   Mr   ,                      /i    \
               f = — = 1 - es        :.mr = mi-(\- e*)
                   mi

       This makes the following assumptions:

       1.   The air/fuel ratio is essentially equal to the air/fuel ratio plus one.
       2.   The cylinder pressure at the start of the compression stroke is equal to the exhaust
           manifold pressure.
       3.   The temperature of the gases in the cylinder at the start of compression is equal to
           the temperature in the air manifold.

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                                                              COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
        4.  The peak combustion temperature variation between cylinders is small enough to
            treat the NOx vs. Temperature relationship as linear.

                Where:         P = Pressure [psi]
                               PP= Peak Pressure [psi]
                               V = Volume [ft3]
                               Vpp — Volume at Peak Pressure [ft3]
                               mi = total trapped mass [lb.]
                               mair= mass of trapped air [lb.]
                               mj = mass fuel [lb.]
                               mr = mass residual gases [lb.]
                               T= Temperature [R]
                               Tp= Temperature at Peak Press. [R]
                               R= Ideal Gas Constant
                              /= residual fraction
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                                                    COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                APPENDIX W

                   COMPILATION OF EMISSIONS DATA FOR
                STATIOEVARY RECIPROCATING GAS ENGINES
                  AND GAS TURBINES IN USE BY AMERICAN
                   GAS ASSOCIATION MEMBER COMPANIES
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          SOUTHWEST RESEARCH  INSTITUTE
          Post Office Drawer 28510, 6220 Culebra Road
                 San Antonio, Texas 78284
  COMPILATION  OF EMISSIONS  DATA FOR
STATIONARY RECIPROCATING  GAS  ENGINES
 AND  GAS TURBINES IN  USE BY  AMERICAN
  GAS ASSOCIATION  MEMBER COMPANIES
                         by
                    Charles M. Urban
                   PROJECT PR-15-86
                      Prepared for
               Pipeline Research Committee
                        of the
                American Gas Association
                    Issued March 1978
                  Revised December  1978
                    Revised May 1980
                          Approved:
                          Karl J. Springer, Director
                          Department of Emissions Research
                          Automotive Research Division

-------
                                                                                       c
     This manual was furnished to the American  Gas  Association by Southwest
Research Institute,  San Antonio,  Texas  at  the request of American Gas  Asso-
ciation in fulfillment of Pipeline Research  Committee Project PR-15-86.   The
contents of this manual are furnished as received from the contractor.   The
opinions, findings,  and conclusions expressed are those of the authors and
not necessarily those of the American Gas  Association.  Mention of the com-
pany or product names is not to be considered an endorsement by the American
Gas Association or by Southwest Research Institute.
                                                                                       C
                               DESCRIPTION  OF REVISIONS


Revised December 1978 - Changed format  to add three lines of additional data
                        and the NOTE.   Corrected 02 values.


Revised May 1980 - Added data generated in  A.G.A.  Project PR-15-92.   These
                   data included 55 reciprocating gas engines and 11 gas
                   turbines that were tested during 1979 and 1980.
                               A.G.A.  Catalog No.  L51390
                                    Price §60.00

-------
IS
                             COOPER-BESSEMER GMV-TF
05/01/80
     ENGINE TEST 122, TEST SITE  2?     EXHAUST STACK AREA so. FT.    ,s?2
     COOPEK-F>ESSEMER GMV-TF        RATED  linn HP AT  300 RPM, 2-STROKE NA
     SOURCE:  PR 15-92    HCR-3.83   NOX-CLH CO-NDIR HC- FJD 02-POL FLOW-C8
HUN
DATE
TIME
OPERATIONAL DATA
BAROMETER, IN. MG.
AMBIENT TEMP. DEG. F
INLET MAN. TEMP DEG. F
EXHAUST VEL. FT/SEC
SP. HUMIDITY GRAIN/IF*
ENGINE: SPEED RP*
HORSEPOWER
SCAV. AIR PKES. IN.HG.
IGNI1. TIME DEG. 5TOC
FUEL SP. GR. (STP)
HI HFAT VALUE KTU/SCF
LO HEAT VALUE PTU/SCF
CALC. EXH. FLOW Lb/HR
EXHAUST SP. GR. (STP)
FXHAUST TEMP. DEG. F
FUEL FLO* SCF/hR
FUEL MIL. bTU/HR (Hhv)
FUEL FLO LH/HR
AIR FLO* L.B/hR (*'ET)
AIR/FUEL RATIO (WET)
8SFC HTIJ/^P HK (HHV)
EXHAUST H?P PERCENT
EMISSIONS AS MEASUKFD
NOX HPH
NO PPf
N02 PPH
CQ2 PF.T-CENT
HC HPi1' 1
CO PPI'
02 PERCENT
NO'NU*
MQN-MFTH/TriTAL HC
CALCULATED EMISSIONS
NOX LH/HH
HC LFVKR TOTAL
HC LB/KR NON-VETH
CO L^/hR
NOX LR/ML &TU
HC Lfr/KlL HTU TOTAL
HC LB/rUL «TIJ NON-HETh
CO LV-IL bTU
NOX (i/F>HP UK
HC Ci/F-HP htf TOTAL
HC (j/HHP HK NON-1E.TH
CO lj/t!HP Hk
NOX ppr, CORK TO is PCT 02
NOTE: NOX AS NO? ANli hTU
1
5/ V7£
8S5

28.80
77
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97
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5.213
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278
AS HHV
2
1 S/ 9/79
lino

28 . 9M
PI
99
ND
90
301
1 1 a i n |
3.2
8.0
,fal 70
983
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1 hSkn
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10774
10.594
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1^352
32.2
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10. 91

1374.00
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120.00
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1.073
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13.b43
1.378
1.702
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1.28K
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12. 7m
5.115
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. b98
859
FOR CALCUl
3
5/ «>/79
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28.80
81
90
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90
301
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3.2
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9394
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157.00
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117.110
12.77
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15.472
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I.b85
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7.125
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.ATED EMIS
4
5/ 9/79
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28.80
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                   r
                                     B-I-IOA

-------
                         CGGHEk-BESSEKER GMV-TF
                                                              05/01/8O
F.NGINE TEST  122,  TEST  sm   2?      EXHAUST STACK AREA  so.  FT.    .122
COOPE*-?IF.SSEMER  GMV-TF       RATED  1100 HP AT  3fio RPM,  2-STRc-KE NA
SOURCt: PP. 15-S2     HCP--3.S3   NOX-CLH CO-NDIR HC-  FID 02-POl. FLOK-CB

KUN
II ATE
TIME

OPEKAT TONAL  UATA
             IN.  HG.
               DEG.  F
 INLET -UN.  TFMP  DE&.  F
 EXHAUST VEL. FT/SF.C
 SP. HUfUDITY GRAIN/LB
 ENGINF SPEED      RPM
 HORSEPOWER
 SCAV. ATR PKES.  IN.HG.
 IGNIT. TIMF  DEG.  BTDC
 FUF.L  SP. GR. (STP)
 HI HEAT VALUE BTU/SCF
 LCI HEAT VALUE BTU/SCF
 CALC. TXH.  FLO*-  L«/KR
 EXHAUST SP. GR.  (STP)
 EXHAUST T£MH. DEC.  F
 FUEL  Fl0* SCF/HR
 FUFL  MIL. MflJ/HR  (HHV)
 FUF.L  n.G*   LB/HR
 AIR Fi.n*  Lii/Hk  (WET)
 AIP/FIIF.L RATIO  (WET)
 BSFC  HTU/HP HK  (Hhv)
 F.XHAUST H20 PERCENT

EMISSIONS
 NOX PPM
 NO
          AS MEASURED
 cos
 HC
 CO  PP
 02  PI
 NO/NOV
PPM
ppM
PERCENT
ppft
                 hC
CALCULATED EMISSIONS
 NOX L^/h^
 MC  LH/K* TOTAL
 HC  LS/hR NON-KETh
 CO  LK>/HR
 HC  LM/«IL »TU  TOTAL
 HC  LK/*IL ~TU  f>ON-ifTh
 CO  i.--/NIL ^TU
 NOX i-/t'^.P n*
 HC  l?/^ KP ^-^ T»TAL
 HC  li/!^-° HK Nf.N-MtTH
 CO  U/ »•• HP Mhi
 KjQX rP>- Cfjwr* TO  J 5  PCT 02
b
S/ S/7q
28. 8U
81
SI)
ins. 51
85
|2fn|
75S
2.2
fa. li
.b!7P
S83
887
1 3H>2b
.f?b7
V3SB
7.53S
3H?
J 3^7S
3fi.fi
SS33
S.15
180.00
150.00
30.00
1. IS
?lf!U.OO
1 fl 1 . 0 U
1 3.12
.833
."57
3.703
17.0711
.173
l.?0h
.512
?.35S
.13H
.Ifa7
'd . 213
JP.20?
.501
7
5/ S/7S
2 8. BO
HI
S2
1 IP . 37
85
3(13
loss
3.2
8.0
,b!70
"83
&R7
' i 72n?
.S753
SS?4
S. 718
IKS
lb?3S
35.8
S205
S.P5
38b.OO
353. no
33.00
1 . bS
13R2.0U
115.no
12.11
.'US
.079
S.BOB
12.112
.sss
l.bBS
i.rmh
1.2lb
.OS 8
.173
1.201
5.201
.111
8
5/ S/7S
28.80
81
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118.51
85
303
9S2
3.?
8.0
.b!70
S83
P87
172SO
."7hl
S51*
S.355
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IfaSIl
37.5
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S.faO
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Ifaf.OC
28.00
1.17
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12. S2
.851
ND
1.91?
lU17b
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1.52?
.52b
1.227
NO
.Ib3
2.218
5.218
NO
 NOTE: "CX AS NC'2  AND  BTU
                             .721      .7^3
                              J12       2h8       112
                              HHV  FOR CALCULATED EMISSIONS
                                 B-I-IOB

-------
i a
                             COOPE&-BESSEMEP GMV-TF
                                                                  05/01/80
     ENGINE TFST 123, TEST SITE  27     EXHAUST STACK AREA SO.  FT.     .922
     cooPEx-t~>EssE«EP GMV-TF        RATED  nun HP AT  son RPM,  S-STROKE  NA
     SOURCE: PR lS-«2    HCR-3.H3   NOX-CLH CO-NDIR HC- Fit) 02-POL  FLOH-C6
RUN
DATE
TIME
OPERATIONAL DATA
RAHO.M.fTl-K, IN. HG.
AMHJFN7 TEMP. DEG. F
INLET f.AN. TEMP DEC. F
EXHAUST VEL. FT/SEC
SP. HlihJDTTY GWAJN/Lb
ENGINE SPEED RP*
HORSEPOWER
SCAV. AIR PKES. IN.M.;.
IGM1. TlMF DEC. oTDC
FUEL SP. G». (STP)
HI HEAT VALUE bTU/SCF
LO HE/iT VALUF KTU/SCF
CALC. FXH. FLO" LP/HR
EXHAUST SP. GR. (STP)
EXHAUST TEhP. HER. F
FUEL FLOW SCF/HR
FUEL MIL. BTU/hK (HHV)
FUEL FLOW L8/HR
AIR FLIK Lb/HK («tET)
AIR/HIEL RAilO (wET)
BSpC Km/HP HP (HhV)
EXHAUST H?n PEkCh'Nf
EMISSIONS AS MEASURED
NOX PPf-
NO PPN
M05 PP»'
COS PERCENT
HC mi
Co PPH
02 PF.^CENT
NO/NfiX
NON_f^ETH/TOlAL HC
CALCULATED EMISSIONS
NOX LB/HR
HC LB/HH TOTAL
HC LR/HR NON-METH
CO LR/HR
NOX LB/MIL 8TU
HC LH/ML «TU TOTAL
HC LR/ML BTU NON-HETH
CO Ll./ML MTU
NOX CV'HP MR
HC t/HKP HW TOTAL
HC (i/WKP H^ NON-MFTH
CO (i/f'-Kp HK
NOX PP-1 CflHH TO 15 PCT
J*
S / 1 0 / 7 <)
820

28. R3
7b
7b
1^7.33
sa
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3.1
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35. b
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335.00
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18.00
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.023

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7.9if*
.183
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NOTE: NUX AS NO? ANO BTU AS HHV
2
5/10/79
"2(1

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77
78
115. Hb
07
302
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3.1
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.805
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5/10/79
95 f)

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135.00
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5/10/79
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28.83
79
82
13b.44
99
3n2
|7BO|
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8.0
.bl?0
983
887
lb?92
.9754
571
9071
8.919
428
ib3b*
38.2
11435
8.77

b b . (I 0
27.00
3 9 . 0 n
3.79
b 8 I 7 . 0 0
85.00
14.02
.4119
.04b

l.bSB
59.230
2.725
1.244
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b.b41
.305
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34.445
1.584
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5/10/7"
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28.83
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4.732
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1.022
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bb
FOR CALCULATED EMISSIONS
*BAD FUEL INJECTION VALVE REPLACED AFTER
THIS RUN


C
                                                                                     r
                                      B-l-l I A

-------
19
                             CCOHEP-RESSEMfcR GMV-TF
                                                            05/01/80
     ENGINE TEST l?3. TEST SITt  27     EXHAUST STACK  AF'EA  SO   FT
     CGOPE^-KPSSEMER GMV-TF        RATEO  llfll) HP AT   31'0 RPM,  2  STROKE NA
     SOURCE:  f-'H 15-92    HCK-3.«D   NQX-CLH CO-NDJR HC- FID fi2-POL FLO*-C6

     RUN
     DATE
     TIME

     OPERATIONAL DATA
                 IN. HG.
              TEMP. DEC. F
      INLET MAN. TEMP OER. F
      EXHAUST VF.L.  FT/SEC
      SP. HUMIDITY  GKAIN/LB
      ENGINE  SPEED      RPM
      HORSEPOWER
      SCAV. AIR PHES. IN.HG.
      IGNIT.  TIMt-   DEG.  bTOC
      FUEL SP.  GK.  (STP)
      HI HtAT VALUE fafU/SCF
      LO Hf>T VALUE BTU/SCF
      CALC. rxH. FLOW
      EXHAUST SP.  C;R.
      EXHAUST TEMH. Dt'G. F
      FUEL FLO SCF/HR
      FUEL MIL. P.TU/HF (HHV)
      FUEL FLOW  LH/HR
      AIR FLOK   LB/HR (*ET)
      AlR/FUfL  RAIIO (WET)
      HSFC  BTU/HP  hh (HHV)
      FXHAUST Hgn  PERCENT
     EMISSIONS  AS MEASURED
      NOX  PPM
      NO   PPfl
      NOS  PPM
      coe  PTRCENT
      HC   PPM
      CO   PPM
      02   PERCENT
      NO/NOX
                     HC
     CALCULATED EMISSIONS
      NOX  LB/HR
      HC   LR/HW TOTAL
      HC   LB/HR
      CO   Lh/HR
NOX
HC
HC
co
NOX
HC
HC  G/^HP H*
CO  G/BhP HR
NOX PPM CORK TO 15 PCT 0?
NOTE:  N'OX AS N02 AND BT!I
                 «TU
          LP/KIL  6TU TOTAL
          LK/KIL  r>Tu NON-METH
          LP/MIL  «TU
          G/MHP HR
          G/RHP MK  TOTAL
b
S/1D/79
1135
?b.83
81
84
143. h7
101
USE
Jl'32
3.1
8.0
. b J 7n
183
88?
1 b??l
.9739
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9733
H.S70
459
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35.5
9273
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.584
2 188
7
5/10/79
125(1
28. S3
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103.42
97
nnrrn
7H4
1 .^
8.0
.M70
9R3
PS?
13.17b
. "754
53b
7191
7 . 11 7 1
339
12B37
37.8
95i|4
9.32
425.00
ND
ND
4.JS
3951.00
90.00
13.34
ND
.073
8.328
2b . 7?U
1 . ^54
l.l'?4
J.178
3.7Rb
.27b
.145
S.U77
lb.321
1.191
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332
8
5/10/79
132D
28. R3
81
82
119.91
107
LgbOJ
859
?. 3
8.0
.bJ 70
983
B87
14730
.97^3
573
8141
s.nos
384
14345
37.3
9319
9.85
251. UO
222.00
29.00
4.3b
2fa48.00
93.00
13.02
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5.471
19.959
1.237
1.175
.b83
2.493
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2.889
10.540
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188
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5/10/79
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28.83
80
82
132. 7b
121
12831
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2.8
8.D
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983
887
159(17
.9729
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8973
P.S23
423
15484
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1 (1 . 4 1
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192. OU
31.00
4.54
2020.00
92.00
12.77
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5.225
1 b . 3b4
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1 .247
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1.055
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2.438
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10
5/10/79
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28.83
81
84
144.27
113
UoTI
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3.1
8.0
,bl?0
983
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lb?2b
.9730
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9.fc27
4b2
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40.00
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17H2.00
94.00
12. 4b
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7.8U9
15.24b
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1.343
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1.584
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.140
3.391
fa. fall
.284
.582
221
AS HHV FOR CALCULATED EMISSIONS
                                     B-l-lIB

-------
20
                             COOPER-BESSEMER  GMV-TF
                                 05/01/80
     ENG1NF TFST 123, TEST SUE  H7     EXHAUST  STACK AREA SO. FT.    .S22
     COOPER-BESSEMER GMV-TF        RATED   1100  HP  AT  300 RPM, a STROKE NA
     SOURCE: PR 15-qa    HCR-3.83   NCX-CLH  CO-NDIR HC- FID ua-POL FLOW-CB

     RUN              .           11
     DATE             "         5/10/79
     TIMF.                       It 35

     OPERATIONAL DATA
      BAROMETER, IN. HG.        PR.83
      AMBIENT TEhP. DEG. F         70
      INLF1 MAN. TEMP DEG. F       b8
      EXHAUST VEL. FT/SEC      150.1*
      SP.- HUMIDITY GRAIN/LB        82
      ENGINE SPEED     RPM        301
      HORSEPOWER                 1053
      SCAV. AIR PRES. IN.HG.      3.1
      IGNII. TIME  DEG.  BIDC      [?7ol
      FUEL.  SP.  GR. (STP)        .b!7(i
      HI HFAT VALUE BTU/SCF       983
      LO HEAT VALUE HTU/SCF       %B7
      CALC. FXH. FLOW LB/HR     Ib^JS
      EXHAUST SP. GR. (STP1 .    .97*b
      FXHAUST TEMP. DF.G. F  '      hbb
      FUEL  FLGK SCF/HR          itjaes
      FU5.L  MIL. FTU/HR (HHV)   10.lib
      FUEL  FLOW  LB/HR    '_        «+85
      AIR FLOW   LH/HR (WET')     Ib^SH
      AIR/FUEL  RATIO (WET)       3H.P
      RSPC   RTU/HP HR (HHV)      HSbl
      EXHAUST Hao PERCENT       in. 39

     EMISSIONS  AS MEASURED
      '•'OX PPM                  SHt.OU
      NO  PPM       -           3*1.nu
      NO? -PPM     ' •             *3.f'0
      CO? -PERCENT "'               H.P«t
      HC  PPM                 Ih75.00
      CO  PPM                  1*3.00
      oa  PERCENT               12.m
      NO/NOX                     .888
      NON-METH/T(jTA|_ HC            ND

     CALCULATED EMISSIONS
      NOX LB/HR                 9.5b*
      HC  LP/HR TOTAL          l*.v»25
      HC  L8/KR NON-METH          ND
      CO  LP/HR                 2.05?
      NOX LR/MIL 8TU
      HC  LR/MIL rtTU TOTAL      1
      HC  LR/KIL 8TU NON-METh
      CO  LR/MIL HTU
      NOX G/RHP HH              H
      HC  G/RhP HK TOTAL        t
      HC  U/RKP HR NON-METH
      CO  &/BHP HR
      NOX  PPM  CORR TOXIS PCT o?
 ND
.203
.100
,185
 ND
.B80
 25b
      NOTE:  un<  AS  NOS AND RTO AS HHV FOK CALCULATED EMISSIONS
                                     B-l-l I C

-------
                                                           COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
                                     APPENDIX X

                           EXHAUST PIPING SCHEMATIC
Emissions Testing                                                     Pacific Environmental Services
Of Control Devices for Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines In Support of Regulatory Development
By the U.S. EPA.

-------

-------
                         APPENDIX B

                 SUBCONTRACTOR TEST REPORT

                   EMISSION MONITORING, INC.

"RESULTS OF DIRECT INTERFACE GCMS TESTING CONDUCTED ON A 2-STROKE
                      LEAN BURN ENGINE"

-------
DISCLAIMER

This report presents the results of direct interface GCMS testing conducted on a 2-stroke lean bum engine
located at the Colorado State University Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory.  Concentration
results only are presented on a dry basis.

This document was prepared by Emission Monitoring Incorporated (EMI) under Pacific Environmental
Services Incorporated (PES) Subcontract NO. 68-D-98-004-EMI and EPA Contract NO. 68-D-98-004. It
has undergone the internal QA policies of EMI.  The contents do not necessarily reflect the views and
policies of the EPA, and mention of trade names does not constitute endorsement by the EPA or by EMI.

-------
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the Industrial Coordinated
Combustion Rulemaking (ICCR) emissions test work group requested the use of a portable gas
chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GCMS) based analyzer to identify and quantify volatile organic
hazardous air pollutants from the inlet and outlet of catalysts installed on various natural gas-fired (and
diesel-fired) engines used in the gas transmission industry.

Pacific Environmental Services (PES) subcontracted Emission Monitoring Incorporated (EMI) to perform
direct interface GCMS testing on a natural gas-fired, 2-stroke lean bum engine located at the Colorado
State Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory (ECCL). The primary objective of the testing was to
characterize and quantify nine specific volatile organic hazardous air pollutants (benzene, toluene, o,m,p-
xylenes, styrene, ethyl benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and hexane) from the inlet and outlet of an oxidation
catalyst installed at the 2-stroke engine.  Engine operational parameters were changed from baseline
operation to determine the potential range of emissions from 2-stroke engines. The effect of these changes
was observed at the catalyst inlet and outlet.

The data gathered from this testing effort are to be used in support of developing a maximum achievable
control technology (MACT) standard for gas-fired reciprocating internal combustion engines.

To obtain simultaneous concentration data from the inlet and the outlet of the oxidation catalyst, two
separate GCMS measurement systems were used. Each sampling system and GCMS analyzer was
operated in accordance with EPA Alternate Method - 017. A copy of this method is provided in Appendix
A. On-site analysis after each sample acquisition was performed to determine whether the method QA
criteria were achieved, and to inform the PES  Project Manager of the concentration levels observed in the
various effluent matrices. Numerous representatives from the EPA and from industry were on-site to
observe the testing, the method QA/QC activities, and the on-site data analysis.

This report is meant to be a companion document to a detailed report prepared by PES describing the test
program in its entirety. As such, specific details of engine specific operating parameters and sampling
locations are not provided.
2.0 SUMMARY OF GCMS RESULTS
The sampling and analysis procedures used during this testing program followed those detailed in EPA
Alternate Method 17. Additional QA/QC activities not prescribed by the method such as performing
analyte spiking, and analyzing an independent audit gas provided by PES were conducted.

2.1 Volatile Organic Emissions
The GCMS instrumentation utilizes a grab sample technique where effluent sample gas is co-mixed with
the internal standard mixture (in a constant ratio of 10:1) in the GC sampling loop for 1 minute before
injection into the GCMS. The catalyst inlet and outlet GCMS measurement systems collected effluent
simultaneously from each location for the 1-minute loop equilibration period followed by a 10 minute run
time. The sampling  system consisted of heated probes, quartz fiber filters, and Teflon sampling lines to
transport the gas to conditioning units which employ Peltier cooled condensers (with continuous moisture
removal) to dry the gas to a level acceptable for introduction to each instrument.

Because the engine test matrix included 16 initial test points (consisting of variations in air to fuel ratio,
engine ignition tuning, engine balance, water jacket temperature, etc..), and changes in engine operation
were more easily affected from certain test points to others, the 16 test point conditions were not conducted
 in sequential order.  Table 2-1 presents the engine test matrix with respect to run number, date and time. A
 short narrative explaining any deviations from the test plan is included in the column entitled "comments".

 Preliminary testing was conducted on 3-30-99. Samples identified as "PreRun" (see Table 2-2) were

-------
 collected post-catalyst only due to the unavailability of a sample port at the inlet location (FTIR validation
 efforts prevented installation of EMI equipment at the inlet location).  Samples were collected from the
 outlet location using both instruments to determine the extent of agreement between the instruments.
 Benzene was the only target analyte detected during the "pre-run" sampling. Both instruments showed
 excellent agreement for the benzene analysis. Samples identified as "RunO" (also pre-run samples) were
 collected from the inlet and outlet locations using both measurement systems to provide additional
 information regarding the effluent concentration before the actual test runs began.

 Samples identified as Rinl A and Rout 1A represent the start of the emissions testing; however, it was later
 discovered that the FTIR measurement systems operated by Colorado State ECCL personnel did not collect
 the requisite number of data points. This run was repeated on 3-31, and is designated RunlA.
Table 2-1 2-Stroke Lean Burn Engine GCMS Test Matrix
Run Number
Run 1
Run 1A
Run5
Run 6
Run 13
Run 14
Run8
Run 3
Run 27
Run 15
Run 16
Run 10
Run 9
Run9A
Run 4
RunSA
Run 12
Run 11
Date
3-30-99
3-31-99
3-31-99
3-31-99
3-31-99
3-31-99
3-31-99
4-1-99
4-1-99
4-1-99
4-1-99
4-1-99
4-1-99
4-1-99
4-2-99
4-2-99
4-2-99
4-2-99
Time
22:35-23:06
13:51-14:24
16:00-16:32
18:05-18:37
20:05-20:36
21:30-22:01
23:34-00:08
12:00-12:41
13:40-14:11
16:50-17:21
18:40-19:11
20:50-21:25
22:59-23:21
23:55-00:16
12:14-14:00
16:32-18:20
20:12-20:42
21:33:21:54
Comments
FTIR did not collect all data. Run was void.
Repeat of Run 1. Inlet GCMS ion pump
malfunction, timesharing using outlet GCMS.
Inlet GCMS ion pump fixed. No additional
problems
No Problems
No Problems
No Problems
No Problems
First inlet sample not collected due to ion
pump malfunction. Malfunction was remedied
before second sample.
Test points 2 and 7 combined due to
unachievable engine condition.
No Problems
No Problems
No Problems
Leak in humidity control system. Run was
void.
Repeat of Run 9.
First PAH* Run - collected samples for
duration of run. Inlet sample identified as 4h
not collected due to ion pump malfunction.
Problem was remedied before sample 4g start.
Second PAH Run. Re-run of test condition 8 -
No Problems
Third PAH Run. No Problems
Third PAH Run (cont.) - Inlet and outlet
instruments had ion pump malfunction on
third and fourth sample.
PAH is an abbreviation for poly-aromatic hydrocarbons
2.1.1  Catalyst Inlet Results
The only target analytes detected at the catalyst inlet location were hexane, benzene and toluene.
Concentration levels of hexane approximated 100 parts per billion (ppb). This concentration level
represents the instrument detection limit. Concentration  levels for benzene and toluene ranged from 50 to

-------
100 ppb, and 10 to 230 ppb respectively for the 16 engine test conditions. Run numbers 1 and la had the
lowest concentration levels for benzene and toluene with only 50 and 10 ppb detected respectively.  All
other engine test conditions produced higher concentration results for these compounds, but changes in
engine operation had little effect on the observed results. Benzene and Toluene concentration levels for
runs 5, 6, 13, 14, 8, 3, 27, 15,  16, 10, 9, and 9A all approximated 70 ppb for benzene and 220 ppb for
toluene.
Table 2-2 presents the parts per billion concentration results on a dry basis (2% moisture at exit of Peltier
cooled condenser).  All data are reported using two significant figures only.

A gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer as a detector can identify compounds that are not
contained in the instrument specific calibration.  Two peaks were detected that were not identified in the
original test matrix as target analytes. The compounds di-methyl ether (CAS#=115-10-6, MW=46 AMU)
and nitromethane  (CAS#=75-52-5, MW=61 AMU) were tentatively identified in virtually every run at the
inlet location.  The compounds could not be quantified because there are no calibration analytes that are
chemically similar, and therefore, no instrument specific response factor can be used to generate estimated
concentrations.

2.1.2 Catalyst Outlet Results
The only target analyte detected at the catalyst outlet was benzene. The di-methyl ether and nitromethane
peaks were either absent or at  very low concentrations at the outlet location.  The highest concentration
level observed for benzene was 40 ppb  (Run 4). Catalyst removal efficiencies for benzene and toluene
were calculated using run averages.

Catalyst removal efficiency for benzene ranged from 76 to 94%. The removal efficiency was calculated
using the following equation:

(1)      % Removal across catalyst = (Inlet ppm -Outlet ppm)/Inlet ppm X 100

Catalyst removal  efficiency for toluene approximated 90% for non-PAH runs, and 70% during the PAH
runs. For toluene percent removal calculations, the instrumental detection limit (20 ppb) was used for the
catalyst outlet  location. This represents the most conservative estimate of removal efficiency.

The difference in the apparent removal efficiencies calculated for toluene between the non-PAH and the
PAH runs is due to the lower inlet toluene concentration levels observed during the PAH runs. Using
equation 1  above, it can be seen that a lower inlet concentration combined with the use of the detection
limit for the outlet concentration necessarily lowers the apparent catalyst removal efficiency.

Table 2-2 presents the parts per billion  concentration results on a dry basis (2% moisture). All data are
reported using two significant figures only.
3.0 Process Description
A detailed engine operating description and engine operational test matrix is not included in this report.

4.0 Sampling Locations
GCMS testing was conducted at the inlet and the outlet of the oxidation catalyst.  The inlet sampling
location was approximately 12 feet from the main engine exhaust manifold inside of the test facility, and
the outlet sampling location was outside of the building. Samples were acquired from each location
through a horizontal circular duct approximately 8 inches in diameter. The PES report contains a detailed
description  of each sampling location.

-------
Table 2-2 2-Stroke Emission Test Results - Target Analytes Only

real clock times (1 0 minutes behind CSU clock) for preliminary runs and Run 0
•NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


•OLD HAPSITE'
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
iexane
benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene



Outlet
PreRun 1
30-Mar
14.59
ppm


001







Outlet
PreRun 1
30-Mar
1250
yptn


0.04





Outlet
PreRun2
30-Mar
15.09
ppm










Outlet
PreRurtZ
30-Mar
13.18
ppm


0.01





Outlet
PreRunS
30-Mar
15-19
ppm


001




















blanks indicate non-detect values
Outlet
PreRun4
30-Mar
1535
ppm


001





















Outlet data only due to FTIR validation at inlet

'ercent Removal Across Catalyst

lenzene
"oluene
Run 1
78
atDL


RunlA
80
atDL










Outlet
PreRunS
30-Mar
1550
ppm
































Outlet
PreRun6
30-Mar
1603
ppm


002





























Inlet
RinOA
3/30
2059
ppm


005
002






Outlet
RoutOA
3/30
2059
ppm



001













Inlet
RinOB
3/30
21-10
ppm


005
002






Outlet
RoutOB
3/30
21 10
ppm

















Inlet
RinOc
3/30
21-20
ppm


005
002






Outlet
RoutOC
3/30
21 20
ppm

















Inlet
RmOd
3/30
21 31
ppm


005
003






Outlet
RoutOD
3/30
21 31
ppm


002















Time adjusted to CSU clod
Inlet
RmlA
3/30
2235
ppm


005
002






Outlet
RoutlA
3/30
2235
ppm















Inlet
RmlB
3/30
2245
ppm


005
002






Outlet
RoutlB
3/30
2245
ppm















Inlet
RinlC
3/30
22-55
ppm


003
002






Outlet
RoutlC
3/30
2255
ppm

















Inlet
RmlD
3/30
2306
ppm


005
002






Outlet
RoutlD
3/30
2306
ppm

















Inlet
Avg


ppm


005
002






Outlet
Avg


ppm




























Outlet
RoutlAA
3/31
13.40
ppm


001







Inlet
RinlAA
3/31
1351
ppm


005




























Outlet
RoutlAB
3/31
1402
ppm


002







Inlet
RinlAB
3/31
1413
ppm


004

















Inlet
RinlAC
3/31
1424
ppm


0.05
003






Outlet
RoutlAC
3/31
1424









Had to switch back and forth between outlet GCMS
due to inlet GCMS ion pump malfunction




























Inlet
Avg.


ppm


005
001






Outlet
Avg


ppm


001













-------
Table 2-2 (cont.) - 2-Stroke Emission Test Results - Target Anaiytes Only


"NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene




MW





54
86
78
92
106
106
104
106







64
86
78
92
106
106
104
106




Run 5
Inlet
Rin5A
31-Mar
16:00
ppm

0.11
0.07
0.22






Outlet
RoutSA
31-Mar
16:00
ppm


0.02








Inlet
Rin5B
31-Mar
16:10
Ppm

0.11
0.06
0.22






Outlet
RoutSB
31-Mar
16:10
ppm











Inlet
Rin5C
31-Mar
16:20
ppm

ND
0.07
0.22






Outlet
RoutSC
31-Mar
16:20
ppm











Inlet
RinSD
31-Mar
16:32
ppm

0.09
0.06
0.22






Outlet
RoUt5D
31-Mar
16:32
ppm









Blanks indicate non-defect values

'ercent Removal Across Catalyst

Benzene
Toluene



Run5
92
91


Run 6
86
91


Run?
94
91




Inlet
Avg.


ppm

0.08
0.07
0.22






Outlet
Avg.


ppm


0.01










Run 6
Inlet
Rin6A
31-Mar
18:05
ppm


0.09
0.23






Outlet
Rout6A
31-Mar
18:05
5pm


0.02












Inlet
Rin6B
31-Mar
18:15
ppm


0.08
0.23






Outlet
Rout6B
31-Mar
18:15
ppm















Inlet
Rin6C
31-Mar
18:27
ppm


0.09
0.23






Outlet
Rout6C
31-Mar
18:27
ppm















Inlet
Rin6D
31-Mar
18:37
ppm


0.1
0.23






Outlet
Rout6D
31-Mar
18:37
ppm


0.03









Used Instrument Detection Limits for ND Values















Inlet
Avg.


ppm


0.09
0.23













0.013














Run 13
Inlet
Rinl3A
31-Mar
20:05
ppm


0.08
0.24






Outlet
Routl3A
31-Mar
20:05
ppm


















Inlet
Rinl3B
31-Mar
20:15
ppm


0.08
0.22






Outlet
Routl3B
31-Mar
20:15
3pm


0.02















Inlet
RinlSC
31-Mar
20:25
ppm


0.08
0.22






Outlet
Routl3C
31-Mar
20:25
ppm


















Inlet
Rinl3D
31-Mar
20:36
ppm


0.09
0.23






Outlet
Routl3D
31-Mar
20:36
ppm


















Inlet
Avg.


ppm


0.08
0.23






Outlet



ppm


0.01















"NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
iexane
Benzene
Toluene
ithyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene








-------
Table 2-2 (cont.) - 2-Stroke Emission Test Results - Target Analytes Only


"NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
rlexane
ienzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene •




MW





54
86
78
92
106
106
104
106







64
86
78
92
106
106
104
106




Run 14
Inlet
Rinl4A
31 -Mar
21:30
ppm


0.06
0.22






Outlet
Routl4A
31 -Mar
21:30
ppm











Inlet
Rinl4B
31 -Mar
21:40
ppm


0.06
0.22






Outlet
Routl4B
31 -Mar
21:40
ppm











Inlet
RinHC
31 -Mar
21:51
ppm


0.06
0.22






Outlet
Routl4C
31 -Mar
21:51
ppm


0.02








Inlet
Rinl4D
3 1 -Mar
22:01
ppm


0.06
0.22






Outlet
Routl4D
31 -Mar
22:01
ppm


0.02






Jlank Values indicate non detect values

Percent Removal Across Catalyst

Jenzene
^oluene



Run 14
83
91


Run8
84
91






Inlet
Avg.


ppm


0.06
0.22






Outlet
Avg.


ppm


0.01











Run 8
Inlet
RinSA
31 -Mar
23:34
ppm


0.06
0.22






Outlet
RoutSA
31 -Mar
23:34
ppm















Inlet
RinSB
31 -Mar
23:45
ppm


0.06
0.22






Outlet
RoutSB
31 -Mar
23:45
ppm












Used Instrument Detection Limits for ND Values













Inlet
RinSC
31 -Mar
23:55
ppm

0.13
0.07
0.22






Outlet
RoutSC
31 -Mar
23:55
ppm


















Inlet
RinSD
1-Apr
0:08
ppm


0.06
0.22






Outlet
RoutSD
1-Apr
0:08
ppm


















Inlet
Avg.


ppm

0.03
0.06
0.22






Outlet
Avg.


ppm
















-------
Table 2-2 (cont.) - 2-Stroke Emission Test Results - Target Analytes Only


"NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene ,
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene





MW





54
86
78
92
106
106
104
106







64
86
78
92
106
106
104
106




'ercent Removal Across Catalyst

Jenzene
Toluene
Run 3
81
91

Run3
Inlet
Rin3A
1-Apr
12:00
ppm





Outlet
Rout3A
1-Apr
12:00
ppm


0.02







Inlet
Rin3B
1-Apr
12:10
ppm

0.13
0.06
0.23






Outlet
RoutSB
1-Apr
12:10
ppm










Inlet
RinBC
1-Apr
12:21
ppm


0.05
0.21






Outlet
Rout3C
1-Apr
12:21
3pm










Inlet
Rin3D
1-Apr
12:31
ppm


0.05
0.22






Outlet
Rout3D
1-Apr
12:31
ppm


0.02







Inlet
Rin3E
1-Apr
12:41
ppm


0.05
0.21






Outlet
Rout3E
1-Apr
12:41
3pm











Inlet
Avg.


ppm

0.03
0.05
0.22






Outlet
Avg.


3pm


0.01









Run 2 and 7
Inlet
Rin27A
1-Apr
13:40
ppm


0.07
0.22






Outlet
Rout27A
1-Apr
13:40
3pm


0.01





Inlet
Rin27B
1-Ap
13:50
ppm

0.12
0.07
0.22






Outlet
Rout27B
1-Apr
13:50
spm


0.0 1





nlet 3A sample not acquired due to GCMS ion pump malfunction




blanks indicate non-detect values


Run 2&7
90
91


Run 15
78
91









































Inlet
Rin27C
1-Ap
14:0
ppm

0.1
0.08
0.22






Outlet
Rout27C
TXp7
L_J4tfl|
3pm



















Inlet
Rin27D
1-Ap
14:1
ppm

0.13
0.07
0.23






Outlet
Rout27D
1-Apr
14:11
3pm


0.01
















Inlet
Avg.


ppm

0.09
0.07
0.22






Outlet
Avg.


3pm


0.01















Run 15
Inlet
RinlSA
1-Ap
16:50
ppm

0.12
0.08
0.22






Outlet
RoutlSA
1-Apr
16:50
ppm


0.01
















Inlet
RinlSB
1-Ap
17:00
ppm

0.
0.08
0.22






Outlet
RoutlSB
1-Apr
17:00




















Inlet
RinlSC
1-Ap
17:10
ppm


0.08
0.22






Outlet
RoutlSC
1-Apr
17:10



0.02
















Inlet
RinlSD
1-Ap
17:2
ppm

0.1
0.08
0.22






Outlet
RoutlSD
1-Apr
17:21



0.03
















Inlet
Avg.


ppm

0.08
0.08
0.22






Outlet
Avg.


ppm


0.02














-------
Table 2-2 (cont.) - 2-Stroke Emission Test Results - Target Analytes Only


"NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene



MW





54
86
78
92
106
106
104
106







64
86
78
92
106
106
104
106



Run 16
Inlet
Rinl6A
1-Apr
18.40
ppm

009
009
0.22






Outlet
Routl6A
1-Apr
18:40
ppm


0.02







Inlet
Rinl6B
1-Apr
18:50
ppm

013
008
0.22






Outlet
Routl6B
1-Apr
18:50
ppm


002







Inlet
Rinl6C
1-Apr
19.00
ppm

009
0.08
022






Outlet
Routl6C
1-Apr
19:00
ppm


0.02







Inlet
Rinl6D
1-Apr
19-11
ppm

0.11
0.09
0.22






Outlet
Routl6D
1-Apr
19:11
ppm


002





Blanks indicate non detect values

Percent Removal Across Catalyst

Benzene
Toluene



Run 16
76
91


Run 10
83
91


Run 9
84
91


Run9A
87
91


Inlet
Avg.


ppm

0.11
009
0.22






Outlet
Avg.


ppm


0.02









Run 10
Inlet
RinlOA
1-Apr
20.50
ppm


008
022






Outlet
RoutlOA
1-Apr
20.50
ppm














Inlet
RinlOB
1-Apr
21:00
ppm


007
0.22






Outlet
RoutlOB
1-Apr
21:00
ppm


003











Inlet
RinlOC
1-Apr
21:14
ppm

0.11
008
0.22






Outlet
RoutlOC
1-Apr
21:14
ppm














Inlet
RinlOD
1-Apr
21.25
ppm


007
022






Outlet
RoutlOD
1-Apr
21 25
ppm


002








Used Instrument Detection Limits for ND Values













Inlet
Avg


PPm

0.03
0.08
022






Outlet
Avg


ppm


0.01













Run 9
Inlet
Rin9A
1-Apr
22.59
ppm

016
0.07
0.22






Outlet
Rout9A
1-Apr
22:59
ppm

















Inlet
Rin9B
1-Apr
23:10
ppm

0.11
007
0.22






Outlet
Rout9B
1-Apr
23:10



0.02














Inlet
Rin9C
1-Ap?
2321
PPm

013
0.09
0.22






Outlet
Rout9C
I -Apr
2321



003














Inlet
Avg.


ppm

013
008
022






Outlet
Avg


ppm


001













Run9A
Inlet
Rin9AA
1-Apr
23:55
ppm


0.08
0.22






Outlet
Rout9AA
1-Apr
23-55


















Inlet
Rin9AB
2-Apr
006
ppm


0.07
0.22






Outlet
Rout9AB
2-Apr
0:06



0.02














Inlet
Rin9AC
2-Apr
0:26
ppm


0.07
0.22






Outlet
Rout9AC
2-Apr
026



002














Inlet
Rin9AD
2-Apr
0:16
ppm


008
0.22






Outlet
Rout9AD
2-Apr
0:16


















Inlet
Avg.


ppm


008
022






Outlet
Avg.


ppm


0.01












-------
Table 2-2 (cont.) - 2-Stroke Emission Test Results During PAH Runs - Target Analytes Only


"NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
date
time
Compound
1,3 -Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"
RUN/SAMPLE ID
date
time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene



MW





54
86
78
92
106
106
104
106







64
86
78
92
106
106
104
106




Run 4 - First PAH Run
Inlet
Rm4a
2-Apr
12:14
ppm

0.14
0.09
0.08






Outlet
Rout4a
2-Apr
12:14
ppm


0.02





Inlet
Rin4b
2-Apr
12:24
ppm

0.11
0.1
0.08






Outlet
Rout4b
2-Apr
12:24
ppm


0.04







Met
Rin4c
2-Apr
12:34
ppm

0.1
0.09
0.08






Outlet
Rout4c
2-Apr
12:34
ppm


0.02





Blanks indicate non-detect values

Percent Removal Efficiency

Benzene
Toluene




87
71












Inlet
Rin4d
2-Apr
12:45
ppm

0.13
0.1
0.08






Outlet
Rout4d
2-Apr
12:45
ppm
















Inlet
Rin4e
2-Apr
13:03
ppm

0.11
0.1
0.08






Outlet
Rout4e
2-Apr
13:03
ppm
















Inlet
Rin4f
2-Apr
13:14
ppm


0.09
0.08






Outlet
Rout4f
2-Apr
13:14
ppm

















Inlet
Rin4g
2-Apr
13:24
ppm


0.09
0.07






Outlet
Rout4g
2-Apr
13:24
ppm


0.01














Inlet
Rin4h
2-Apr
13:35
ppm



Inlet
Rin4i
2-Apr
13:48
ppm

0.11
0.09
0.08




Ion Pump Failure

Outlet
Rout4h
2-Apr
13:35
ppm


0.02












Outlet
Rout4i
2-Apr
13:48
ppm

















Inlet
Rin4j
2-Apr
14:00
ppm

0.1
0.1
0.07






Outlet
Rout4j
2-Apr
14:00
ppm


0.04














Inlet
Avg.


ppm

0.08
0.09
0.07






Outlet
Avg.


ppm


0.01











10

-------
Table 2-2 (cont.) - 2-Stroke Emission Test Results During PAH Runs - Target Analytes Only


"NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
date
time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"
RUN/SAMPLE ID
date
time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene



MW





54
86
78
92
106
106
104
106







64
86
78
92
106
106
104
106


Percent removal across catalyst

Benzene
Toluene

83
73



Run 8A - Second PAH Run
Inlet
RinSAA
2-Apr
16:32
ppm


0.08
0.07






Outlet
RoutSAA
2-Apr
16:32
ppm








Inlet
RinSAB
2-Apr
16:42
ppm


0.08
0.08






Outlet
RoutSAB
2-Apr
16:42
ppm








Inlet
RinSAC
2-Apr
16:52
ppm

0.1
0.08
0.08






Outlet
RouTSAC
2-Apr
16:52
ppm


0.02





Blanks indicate non-detect values

















Inlet
RinSAD
2-Apr
17:03
ppm


0.08
0.07






Outlet
RoutSAD
2-Apr
17:03
ppm


0.02













Inlet
RinSAE
2-Apr
17:25
ppm

0.13
0.08
0.08






Outlet
Rout8AE
2-Apr
17:25
ppm


0.01













Inlet
Rin8AF
2-Apr
17:36
ppm

0.16
0.08
0.07






Outlet
RoutSAF
2-Apr
17:36
ppm


0.02














Inlet
RinSAG
2-Apr
17:46
ppm

0.13
0.09
0.08






Outlet
RoutSAG
2-Apr
17:46
ppm

0.11
0.02














Inlet
RinSAH
2-Apr
17:59
ppm

0.09
0.09
0.07






Outlet
RoutSAH
2-Apr
17:59
ppm


0.01














Inlet
RinSAl
2-Apr
18:09
ppm

0.12
0.08
0.07






Outlet
RoutSAI
2-Apr
18:09
ppm


0.01














Inlet
RinSAJ
2-Apr
18:20
ppm

0.12
0.08
0.07






Outlet
RoutSAJ
2-Apr
18:20
ppm


0.03














Inlet
Avg.


ppm

0.09
0.08
0.07






Outlet
Avg.


ppm

0.01
0.01











11

-------
Table 2-2 (cont.) - 2-Stroke Emission Test Results During PAH Runs - Target Analytes Only


"NEW" HAPSITE
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1 ,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"
RUN/SAMPLE ID
Date
Time
Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene



MW





54
86
78
92
106
106
104
106







64
86
78
92
106
106
104
106





Run 12 -Third PAH Run
Inlet
RinI2A
2-Apr
20:12
ppm


0,09
0.08






Outlet
Routl2A
2-Apr
20:12
ppm


0.02





Inlet
Rinl2B
2-Apr
20:22
ppm


0.08
0.07






Outlet
Routl2B
2-Apr
20:22
ppm


0.01





Inlet
Rinl2C
2-Apr
20:32
ppm


0,08
0.07






Outlet
Routl2C
2-Apr
20:32
ppm


0.02





Blanks indicate non-detect values

Percent Removal Across Catalyst

Benzene
Toluene



Run 12
76
72


Run 11
80
71







Inlet
Rinl2D
2-Apr
20:42
ppm


0.09
0.07






Outlet
Routl2D
2-Apr
20:42
ppm


0.02













Inlet
Avg.


ppm


0.09
0.07






Outlet
Avg.


ppm


0.02













Inlet
RinllA
2-Apr
21:33
ppm


0.1
0.07






Outlet
RoutllA
2-Apr
21:33
ppm


0.02














Inlet
RinllB
2-Apr
21:43
ppm


0.1
0.07






Outlet
RoutllB
2-Apr
21:43
[Ppm


0.02









Inlet
RinllC
2-Apr

ppm

Outlet
RoutllC
2-Apr
21:54
ppm


0.01









Inlet
RinllD
2-Apr

ppm

Outlet
RoutllD
2-Apr

ppm



Inlet
Avg.


ppm


0.

0.07






Outlet
Avg.


ppm


0.02





1
Probems during acquisition, both GCMS units
















12

-------
5.0 SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
The sampling and analytical procedures used during this testing program followed those detailed in EPA
Alternate Method 17. The instrument was calibrated specifically for this test project using a manufacturers
certified compressed gas mixture of nine target analytes (benzene, toluene, o,m,p-xylenes, styrene, ethyl
benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and hexane). The instrument was calibrated also for all compounds identified in
Section 1 of the method approximately one month before this test, and this calibration was used also to
identify any other potential analytes not specific to this test program.

5.1 Sampling Procedures
Effluent gas samples were withdrawn at a constant flow rate from a single point located approximately 4
inches within each duct.  Effluent was withdrawn at approximately 1.5 liters per minute through the
sampling system for no less than 5 minutes before sample acquisition  in order to equilibrate fully all of the
sampling system components. It is estimated that the gas residence time through the sampling system at
this flow rate is less than 1 minute.  Figure 5-1 presents a schematic of the GCMS measurement system(s)
used during the test program.

Exhaust gas samples were acquired simultaneously from the catalyst inlet and outlet sampling locations. A
total of four samples were acquired from each location for each of the designated engine test runs. The run
duration was approximately 30 minutes.  For the test runs where PAH sampling trains were run, each
GCMS measurement system acquired as many samples as possible during the run duration.

5.2 GCMS Operation
The GCMS instrumentation was operated using a non-evaporative getter (NEG) pump to maintain the
requisite high internal vacuum needed to generate mass spectra. Internal standards are co-added with every
effluent sample in the GC sample loop before injection into the GC.  The internal standards used are 1,3,5-
trifluoromethyl benzene (TRIS) and bromopentafluoro benzene (BPFB). These compounds are not usually
found in industrial processes.  They are used to tune the mass spectrometer, to assess the stability and
performance of the GCMS on each sample run, and to determine adherence to the method QA/QC.

The GC was operated isothermally at 60°C to separate and detect the target analytes. The mass
spectrometer was operated in a limited full scan mode (45-125  amu).  All internal GCMS components were
maintained at 60 °C.

5.3 Analytical Procedures
The procedures detailed in the direct interface GCMS method (Appendix A) were followed for this testing
program.  See Figure 5-2 for-a method operational flowchart.

Establishing a valid calibration curve requires a 20 percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) for each
individual analyte over the calibration range.  Instrument calibrations  were conducted at the EMI
laboratory using a limited full scan mode  of mass spectrometer operation (from 45 to 125 AMU). The
limited full scan mode of operation allowed for the lowest possible detection limits for the specific target
analytes while still generating all of the fragments in each target compound's mass spectrum in every run.
The calibration curve prepared in the EMI laboratory was used to quantify all QA and effluent samples
acquired in the field.

Calibration was performed by conducting two successive GCMS runs at each of four concentration levels;
10 ppm, 3 ppm, 1 ppm and 300 ppb. Section 10 of the method details the calculation procedures used to
determine the %RSD for each of the analytes. Appendix B contains the calibration raw data sheets for both
GCMS instruments. Four calibration points were used instead  of the three specified by the method in order
to obtain a wider dynamic calibration range, particularly for  1,3-butadiene and hexane (whose Dls are
higher than the other target analytes). The calibration and internal standards used for this testing were
certified by Spectra Gas, and by Scott Specialty Gases (manufacturer's certifications of analysis are
included in Appendix C).


                                               13

-------
Table 5-1 presents the target analytes, the results from the initial calibration in terms of %RSD, and the test
specific estimated detection limits for each instrument.
                                                   14

-------
Table 5-1. ICCR - Initial Calibration and Calibration Audit Results

"NEW" HAPSITC

Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"

Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene




Initial Calibration %RSD
6.6
3.6
4.9
6.3
7.9
10.6
10.8
8.2




Initial Calibration %RSD
7.7
4.7
6.3
7.0
8.2
11.0
12.8
9.1




Critieria
20%
20%
20%
20%
20%
20%
20%
20%




Critieria
20%
20%
20%1
20%
20%
20%
20%
20%




Audit Results
0.91
0.91
1.00
1.00
1.11
2.31
	 U5|
ZZiJ^




Audit Results
1.06
0.97
1.09
1.11
1.12
2.22
1.15
1.06

Compounds in bold are the only target analytes detected in engine exhaust
	 j_



Expected Value-ppm
1.03
1.03
1.04
1.04
1.04
2.06
1.04
1.03




Expected Value-ppm
1.03
1.03
1.04
1.04
1.04
2.06
1.04
1.03





% Difference
-11.65%
-11.65%
-3.85%
-3.85%
6.73%
12.14%
10.58%
8.74%




% Difference
2.91%
-5.83%
4.81%
6.73%
7.69%
7.77%
10.58%
2.91%






Criteria @ Ippm Level
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value




Criteria @ Ippm Level
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value
within 20% of expected value



Pre-Test
Estimated
Detection Limit

0.5
0.09
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02





0.5
0.15
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.075






"NEW" HAPSITE

Compound


1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene



Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene







"OLD HAPSITE"

Compound


1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene



Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene







15

-------
 31
OQ'
 c
 o
 (-+•

 H-H

 3

 5T
 CD


 n

 S
 n>
 CO

 i
 I
 3^
 GO

-------
6.0 Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures
Each day the GCMS measurement system was tuned according to the criteria identified in the method.
Achieving the criteria for a valid mass spectral tune and achieving the internal standard relative mass
abundances during each GCMS run (see Tables 3 and 4 of the method) verify the continuing instrument
performance and ensure that the QA/QC of the method are achieved.  Achieving the criteria for a valid tune
also allows searches of the NIST Mass Spectral library for compounds that are not contained in the
instrument specific calibration.

6.1 Daily Calibration Check Procedures and PES Audit Gas Analysis
Daily system calibrations were conducted to check both the validity of the initial instrument calibration and
the effectiveness of the sampling system to transport the target analytes. Daily system calibration check
procedures were conducted after accomplishing a successful instrument tune using the blended mixture of
the internal standards.  Immediately following the system continuing calibration, nitrogen was allowed to
flow through the system and a system blank was acquired. No analvtes  were  detected in any of the system
blank analyses.

The direct interface GCMS test method requires that continuing system  calibrations be conducted using a
blended mixture of six surrogate compounds at 1 ppm. (See Table 6 of the method.). For this test
program, all of the target analytes were checked daily at the 1 ppm concentration level.

In addition to the daily calibration check procedures, PES provided EMI with an independent audit gas.
The identity of the compounds contained in the audit gas and their concentration analysis was not revealed
to EMI personnel. Analysis of this audit gas was conducted using both  GCMS measurement systems.

Tables 6-1 presents the results from the daily system continuing calibration and the analysis of the audit
gas.

6.2 Analyte Spiking Procedures
Additional QA procedures conducted during this testing program included analyte spiking.  Analyte
spiking consists of adding an exact amount of calibration standard into the effluent stream at a point
upstream of the primary paniculate matter filter within the sampling system.  This procedure checks the
ability of both the sampling and analytical system to transport and quantify effluent samples.

Analyte spiking procedures were conducted on each day of the test program at varying concentration
levels. Concentrations of 100 ppb, 500 ppb,  and 1 ppm were used for the spiking.  Spike recoveries of
between 79% to 126% were achieved at the 100 ppb concentration level for the target analytes detected
using the inlet GCMS measurement system.  Spike recoveries of between 74% and 136% were achieved at
the 100 ppb concentration level, 64% to 81% at the 500 ppb concentration level, and 100% - 105% at the 1
ppm level, for the target analytes detected using the outlet GCMS measurement system.
Table 6.2 presents the analyte spiking results for all of the target analytes from the inlet and outlet GCMS
measurement systems.
                                                17

-------
TaHe fi-1 - Cnntinnin? Calibration and PES Audit Cylinder Results

"NEW" HAPSITE

Compound
1,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene

o-Xylene 	


"OLD HAPSITE"

Compound
1 3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene 	
Stvrene
o-Xylene
* Concentration off

Inlet
29-Mar
ppm
1.09
0.99
0.9
0.88
1.05
2.28
1.05
1.06


Outlet
29-Mar

0.94
0.92
0.98
0.84
1.1
2.17
0.93
1.15
uiditCvlinde


/oDiff
Exp.
5.83%
-3.88%
-13.46%
-12.87%
0.96%
10.68%
0.96%
2 91%



% Diff
Exp.
-8.74%
-10.68%
-5 77%
-19.23^
5.34%
-10.58%
11.65%
r Unknown,


30-Mar
ppm
0.96
0.83
1.01
0.76
1.03
2.18
092
1.04



30-Mar
ppm
0.78
1.06
1.09
1.13
1.03
2.09
0.97
1 0.99
No Accurac1


% Diff
Exp.
-6.80%
-19.42%
-2.88%
-24.75%
-0.96%
5.83%
-11.54%
0.97%



%Diff
Exp.
1 -24.27%
2.91%
4.81%
8.65%
1.46%
-6.73%
-3.88%
/ Calculation


31 -Mar
ppm
1.23
102
1.02
0.78
1.07
2.22
0.86
.04



31-Mar
ppm
0.78
1.11
.06
1.08
2J3~
.04
i Conducted
Compounds in bold are the only target analytes detected in engine exhaust 	



% Diff
Exp.
19.42%
-0.97%
-1.92%
-22.77%
2.88%
7.77%
-17.31%
0.97%



% Diff
Exp.
-24.27%
7.77%
1.92%
3.85%
3.40%
0.00%
3.88%





1-Apr
ppm
1.03
0.82
0.86
0.8
1.04
2.09
0.93
1.06



1-Apr
ppm
1.18
1
1.13
1.16
1 01
2J7
1.03
IT





% Diff
Exp.
0.00%
-20.39%
-17.31%
-20.79%
0.00%
1.46%
-10.58%
2.91%



% Diff
Exp.
14.56%
-2.91%
8.65%
11.54%
-0 96%
5.34%
-0.96%
6.80%





2-Apr
ppm
1.06
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.11
2.19
1.11
1.08



2-Apr
ppm
1.11
0.88
0.93
1.01
0 99
2T5
0.81
1.12





% Diff
Exp.
2.91%
0.00%
-1.92%
0.00%
6.73%
6.31%
6.73%
4.85%



% Diff
Exp.
7.77%
-14.56%
-10.58%
-2.88%
-4 81%
4.37%
-22.12%
8.74%





Exp. Vals
ppm
1.03
1.03
1.04
1.01
1.04
2.06
1.04
1.03



Exp. Vals
ppm
1.03
1.03
1.04
1.04
1.04
2.06
1.04
1.03





























PES Audit C
ppm


0.52
0.50
1 0.52


0.48







0.56
0.56






'ylinder Rest























ills*




















18

-------
Table 6-2. Analyte Spiking Results


"NEW" HAPSITE


Compound
1 ,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene


"OLD HAPSITE"

Compound
1 ,3-Butadiene
Hexane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
m/p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene







Inlet- 1 00 ppb Spike
3/29/99
PPM Observed

BDL
0.11
0.08
0.08
0.1
0.2
0.09
0.09



PPM Expected

0.103
0.103
0.104
0.101
0.104
0.206
0.104
0.103


Outlet- 100 ppb Spike
3/29/99
PPM Observed
BDL
0.14
0.1
0.075
O.I
0.17
0.04
0.09



PPM Expected
0.103
0.103
0.104
0.101
0.104
0.206
0.104
0.103







% Recovery

NA
107
77
79
96
97
87
87




% Recovery
NA
136
96
74
96
83
38
87


Compounds in bold are only target analytes detected in engine exhaust






Inlet- 100 ppb Spike
3/30/99
PPM Observed

BDL
0.13
0.12
0.08
0.08
0.16
0.07
0.08



PPM Expected

0.103
0.103
0.104
0.101
0.104
0.206
0.104
0.103







% Recovery

NA
126
115
79
77
78
67
78


Outlet - 1 ppm Spike (to get butadiene)
4/1/99
PPM Observed
1.24
1.05
1.09
1.01
0.86
1.8
0.8
0.9




PPM Expected
1.03
1.03
1.04
1.01
1.04
2.06
1.04
1.03




% Recovery
120
102
105
100
83
87
77
87













Certified TAG Value

.03
.03
.04
.01
.04
2.06
.04
.03













Outlet - 500 ppb Spike
4/2/99
PPM Observed
ND
0.33
0.39
0.41
0.51
1.1
0.44
0.53




PPM Expected
0.52
0.52
0.52
0.51
0.52
1.03
0.52
0.52






















% Recovery
NA
64
75
81
98
107
85
103



19

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1 REPORT NO
EPA-454/R-00-036a
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
Please read instructions on the reverse before completing
2
4 TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Final Report
Testing of a 2-Stroke Lean Burn Gas-Fired Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engine to Determine the Effectiveness of an Oxidation
Catalyst System for Reduction of Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions
Volume 1 of 2
7 AUTHOR(S)
Dennis Falgout
Michael D Maret
9 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAM
Pacific Environmental Services. Inc
Post Office Box 12077
Research Triangle Park. North Carolina 2
E AND ADDRESS
7709-2077
12 SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U S Environmental Protection Agenc>
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Emissions. Monitoring and Analysis Division
Research Triangle Park. North Carolina 2"! 1
3 RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO
5 REPORT DATE
July 2000
6 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
8 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO
10 PROGRAM ELEMENT NO
11 CONTRACT/GRANT NO
68-D-98004
1 3 TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final
14 SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/200/04
1 5 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16 ABSTRACT
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is investigating Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE) to characterize
engine emissions and catalyst control efficiencies of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) This document describes the results of emissions testing conducted
on a Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF natural-gas-fired 2-stroke. lean-burn (2SLB) engine Earh in 1998. several industry and EPA representatives agreed
that the Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF engine, at the Colorado State University 's Engine and Energy Conversion Laboratory (CSU EECL) is adequately
representative of existing and new natural-gas-fired 2SLB engines The group agreed that a matrix of test results from testing conducted at the EECL
could be used to develop Maximum Achievalbe Control Technology (MAVT) standards for RICE. The group further agreed that an oxidation catalyst
installed on the Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4-TF could be used to determine the effectiveness of oxidation catalysts for these engines, and that the EPA
could use the results from testing at the 2SLB matrix conditions at CSU as the basis for developing the MAVT standard for natural-gas-fired 2SLB
engines
Emissions testing was conducted to measure pollutant concentrations in the exhaust gas both up- and downstream of an oxidation catalyst Miratech
Corporation manufactured the catalyst and CSU personnel installed it on the engine Several sampling and analysis methodologies were used to measure
HAP emissions before and after the oxidation catalyst Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy . or FTIRS. was used to measure formaldehyde.
acetaldehyde. and acrolem Bezene. toluene. eth\l benzene, (o.m.p)-xylenes. styrene. hexane. and .3-butadiene. were measured using a direct-interface
gas chromatograph with a mass spectrometer detector, or GCMS Contmuos emission monitors (CEMs) were used to measure oxygen (0:). carbon
dioxide (CO;), nitrogen oxides (NOJ carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbons (THC). and methane Naphthalene and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) i acenaphthene. acenapth) lene anthracene, benzo(k)anthracene. benzo(a)pyrene. benzo(b)fiuoramhene. benzo(e)pyrene
benzo(k)fluoranthene. benzo(g.h.i)perylene. chrysene. dibenzo(a.h)anthrene, fluoranthene. fiuorene. indeno(1.2.3-cd)pyrene. 2-methylnapthalenc.
perylene. phenamhrene. and pyrene. were determined using California Air Resources Board (CARB) Method 429
This report consists of two volumes totaling 1.328 pages. Volume 1 ( 752 pages) and Volume 2 (576 pages)
17.
a DESCRIPTIONS
FTIRS
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Oxidation Catalyst
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Reciprocating Internal Combustion
Engines
Total Hydrocarbons
18 DISTRIBUTION' STATEMENT
Unlimited
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS

19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
Unclassified
20. SECURITY CLASS (This page)
Unclassified
c COASTI Field/Group

21. NO. OF PAGES
1,328
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (Rev. 4-77)  PREVIOUS EDITION IS OBSOLETE
F:\U\FMeadows\TRD.Frm\WP 6.1

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