v>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Research and Development
Cincinnati, OH 46268
EPA 540/SR-94/505
May 1994
BITE Technology Capsule
GISXKey™ Environmental
Data Management System
Introduction
In 1980, the U.S. Congress passed the Comprehen-
sive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liabil-
ity Act (CERCLA), known as Superfund, which Is
committed to protecting human health and the environ-
ment from uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. CERCLA
was amended by the Superfund Amendments and Re-
authorization Act (SARA) In 1987 —amendments that
emphasize the achievement of long-term effectiveness
and permanence of remedies at Superfund sites. SARA
mandates implementing permanent solutions and using
alternative treatment technologies or resource recovery
technologies, to the maximum extent possible, to clean
up hazardous waste sites.
State and federal agencies, as well as private par-
ties, are now exploring a growing number of innovative
technologies for treating hazardous wastes. The sites on
the National Priorities List total over 1,200 and comprise a
broad spectrum of physical, chemical, and environmen-
tal conditions requiring varying types of remediation.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has fo-
cused on policy, technical, and informational issues re-
lated to exploring and applying new technologies
applicable to Superfund sites. One such initiative Is
EPA's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE)
program, which was established to accelerate develop-
ment, demonstration, and use of innovative technolo-
gies used to perform or support site remediations and
related Issues. The 6IS\Key™Envlronmental Data Man-
agement System was selected for SITE testing to assess its
ability to provide useful and effective information to aid
In site investigations and remedial activities. The evalua-
tion occurred between April and December 1993. The
specific objectives of the evaluation were to:
• Determine if the software performs the functions that are
claimed by the developer
• Assess the accuracy of the GISXKey™ output and review
GISXKey™ procedures used to ensure data integrity
• Review the general usability of GISXKey™
• Compare GISXKey™ features to user requirements
These capsules are designed to help EPA remedial
project managers, EPA on-scene coordinators, contrac-
tors, and other site cleanup managers understand the
types of data and site characteristics needed to evalu-
ate whether a technology can be effectively employed
at Superfund sites.
Abstract
GISXKey™ is a custom-developed software system
for the management of site-specific chemical, geologic,
and hydrologic data. This software system, which is
being used at a number of hazardous waste and Super-
fund sites, was selected for SITE testing to assess whether
it truly facilitates the collection, reporting, and analysis of
large volumes of site-specific environmental data. Dur-
ing the SITE evaluation, operators used GISXKey™ to
assess the production of a variety of contour maps,
tabular chemistry reports, geology tables, hydrogeologic
tables, geologic logs, and chemistry and hydrogeology
graphs. The system's user-friendly design, compatibility
with 386 and 486 personal computers using Disk Operat-
ing System (DOS), one-time data entry requirements,
and built-in data quality checks contributed to the posi-
tive assessment of the software's performance.
Software Description
GISXKey™ is an integrated system for the manage-
ment of chemical, geologic, and hydrologic data de-
veloped by GISXSolutions, Inc. of Concord, California.
The software is designed to meet the needs of industry
and to satisfy RCRA and CERCLA reporting requirements.
GISXKey™ integrates several commercial off-the-shelf
SUPERFUND INNOVATIVE
Region 5, Library (PL-12J)
77 West Jackson Boulevard, 12th Floor
Chicago, !L 60604-3590
Printed on Recycled Paper
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products (e.g., AutoCAD®, FoxBASE™, and QuickSurf™)
to produce a variety of site-specific tables, graphs, and
maps, thereby facilitating the collection, reporting, and
analysis of site management data. GISXKey™ can be
installed and used on 386 and 486 personal computers
running DOS. The optimum hardware configuration for
running GISXKey™ Is listed In Table 1.
Table 1. Optimum Hardware Configuration for GIS\Key™ Release
1.1.2
Optimum Hardware Configuration
486-66 Motherboard with 256K Cache
16 Mb RAM
1.2Gb SCSI Hard Drive
3.5" and 5.25" Floppy Drives
20" Monitor
101 Keyboard and Mouse/Digitizer
SCSI Controller
250 Mb Tape Backup
Environmental data for a project — chemical, geo-
logical, and hydrological — is stored in the GISXKey™
Database, which is a relational data management appli-
cation implemented in FoxBASE™. The database is tied to
the graphical component, GISXKey™ Graphics, which Is
built using AutoCAD®. The GISXKey™ graphical Inter-
face depicts wells and bore-holes on a map of the site.
The user chooses a report from a menu, picks a location
from the map, and then follows the prompts to create a
variety of output. GISXKey™ can prepare geologic cross
sections, boring logs, potentiometric maps, isopleth maps,
structure maps, summary tables, hydrographs, chemical
time series graphs, and numerous other maps and line
graphs. QuickSurf™ (Version 2.91), a third-party contour-
ing program developed by Schrieber Instruments, is used
to contour geology, hydrology, and chemistry data stored
in GISXKey™ Database.
Any AutoCAD® compatible digital basemaps can be
imported into GISXKey™. There are a number of vendors
who can provide general basemap data, usually based
on the U.S. Geologic Suivey (USGS) 7.5 minute quad-
rangle maps. Additionally, users usually import specific
project map data (I.e., RCRA facility and CERCLA sites)
which provide greater detail and resolution necessary for
comprehensive studies. With GISXKey™, users add graphic
points representing wells, borings, and sampling locations
onto this basemap. GIS\K€»y™ provides the ability to verify
the entered chemical, geologic or hydrologic information
and "tie" this information to specific graphic points placed
on the basemap.
Data can be entered into the GISXKey™ Database
either manually or electronically. Existing databases can
be converted Into GISXKey™ format and laboratory re-
ports on magnetic media can be directly imported. Pull-
down menus, data entry forms, and look-up lists for
frequently used values aid manual data entry. The lists
store such Information as EPA test methods, practical
quantification limits. Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) num-
bers, chemical aliases, and regulatory threshold values for
over 3,500 chemicals.
GISXKey™ includes features that help the user iden-
tify erroneous or questionable data. Data validation rou-
tines Include graphical display of summary statistics and
user alerts when QA/QC results fall outside data quality
objectives, sample results fall outside historical ranges,
sample results exceed applicable regulatory standards,
and ionic balances fall outside data quality objectives.
A list of GISXKey™ chemical, geologic, and hydro-
logic products that GISXKey™ provides is shown in Table
2. A brief description of the types of tables, contour
maps, and graphs provided by GISXKey™ are shown in
Table 3.
Software Applicability
GISXKey™ is designed to facilitate the collection and
analysis of site management data at Superfund and other
hazardous wastes sites. Based on its performance during
the evaluation, GISXKey™ can be used to characterize a
Table 2. GIS\Key™ Products
Chemistry
Geology
Hydrology
• Isopleth maps of soil or water quality-
plan section view
• Chemical concentration time
series graphs
• Chemical versus chemical graphs,
inter- and intra-well
• Trilinear Piper diagrams
• Chemical concentration versus
distance graphs
•Presentation-quality data tables
- Boring logs with company
logos
• Geologic cross-section maps
• Isopach maps
• Structure maps
• Presentation-quality data tables
• Density-corrected water level
contour maps
- Floating product contour maps
' Hydraulic conductivity contour maps
• Water elevation veisus time graphs
• Floating product thickness versus time graphs
• Extraction well graphs
-flow versus time
-concentration versus time
-chemical flux versus time
• Presentation-quality data tables
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Table 3. Types of GIS\Key™ Tables, Contour Maps, and Graphs
Tables
Contour Maps
Graphs
Chemistry
Geology -
well construction and borehole
summary tables
Hydrogeologic -
flow data and fluid level
Geologic Logs -
well and borehole logs
Hydrogeologic:
- fluid level elevation (water table
contour maps)
- fluid level elevation
(potentiometric surface maps)
- equivalent freshwater head
- hydraulic conductivity
- specific storage
- specific yield
Chemical Concentration Isopleths:
- plan view isopleths
- section view isopleths
Geologic Structure Elevation:
- geologic formations
- blow counts
- soil units
- other units
Geologic Structure Thickness Isopach
Chemistry:
- concentration vs. time
- chemical vs. chemical
- site vs. site
- distance concentration
- statistics
- depth vs constituent
- trilinear pipers
Hydrology:
- hydrograph
- flow rate
- cumulative flow
- flux rate
- cumulative flux
- floater thickness
- sinker thickness
variety of sites containing soil and/or groundwater con-
tamination. Since GISXKey™ is capable of efficiently and
accurately processing a large volume of data. It is par-
ticularly useful during site Investigations and remedial ac-
tivities at larger sites. The various tables, graphs, and
maps generated by GISXKey™ can be used to produce
reports meeting CERCLA and RCRA reporting require-
ments. These products can also be used to develop and
maintain groundwater monitoring programs, to help de-
termine the location of future monitoring wells, and to
evaluate contaminated groundwater movement during
the design of any landfill, holding or disposal pond, or
reclamation project. Depending on site- and project-spe-
cific data requirements and availability, GISXKey™ can
be used to process both current and historical data. The
system does not provide a means for managing ecologi-
cal assessments or air pollutant data.
Software Benefits and Limitations
During the SITE evaluation of GISXKey™, a number of
software benefits and limitations were identified. A brief
list of these benefits and limitations Is presented in Table 4.
Performance Data
During the evaluation, emphasis was placed on evalu-
ating the system's performance with respect to ease of
use, system requirements, personnel requirements, data
entry and database creating procedures, data integrity
procedures, and electronic data exchange capabilities.
The steps used to evaluate GISXKey™ mirrored, in some
respects, the guidance developed by the USGS for evalu-
ating geographic information system (GIS) products. Em-
phasis was placed on analyzing several procedures and
capabilities common to GISXKey™ chemistry, geology,
and hydrology modules. Ultimately, the evaluation sought
to determine how well the various procedures and capa-
bilities associated with GISXKey™ performed during col-
lection, reporting, and analysis of a set of site management
data. Two analysts, experienced in GIS and environmen-
tal database management performed the evaluation.
The evaluation found that GISXKey™ is an effective
way to prepare the wide variety of contour maps, graphs,
tables, and site maps required at a typical hazardous
waste site. These products were generated without en-
countering any major problems. GISXKey™ uses com-
mercial off-the-shelf components (i.e., AutoCAD® graphics
and FoxBASE™ database), so numerous third-party data-
base tools are available to create queries and report
formats not Included with GISXKey™. The system can be
a cost-effective, time-saving method for managing large
volumes of environmental data. A number of issues relat-
ing to the general useability of GISXKey™ were addressed
during the generation of the various GISXKey™ products.
The following subsections address the various functions
and capabilities which were assessed. This information is
also summarized in Table 5.
New Project Setup
It was relatively easy to set up a new project, a
project directory structure, and a project basemap dur-
ing the evaluation. However, since all the project direc-
tories must be on the same drive as the GISXKey™
directory, mass storage difficulties can arise as project
flies grow.
Map Management
Standard AutoCAD® drawing files are used for all
GISXKey™ basemaps. The utilities provided for the addi-
tion and editing of map symbols were tested and no
problems were encountered. During the generation of
the project basemap, the basemap and symbols were
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Table 4. Benefits and Limitations
Benefits
Limitations
GIS\Key™ is a turnkey data management system, with chemistry,
geology, and hydrology capabilities
GIS\Key™ produces presentation quality graphics, in a wide variety
of output formats
Specialized or advanced computer skills are not needed to routinely
use G/SIKey™
G/SIKey™ reviews chemical laboratory QC data, generates
exception reports, and marks sample locations on the project
basemap which contain data outside of the QC objectives
GIS\Key™ uses industry standard file formats for data storage,
facilitating the exchange of GIS\Key™ data with other applications
(i.e., third-party software)
GIS\Key™ stores data in a unified database that provides several
validity and consistency checks
G/SIKey™ relates data across data categories, improving report and
map consistency
Data can be analyzed interactively; users can modify their assump-
tions, views, and queries
GIS\Key™ provides graphic editing capabilities through AutoCAD®,
a well-known design application
Duplication of effort is minimized due to one-time data entry and a
variety of predefined routines and queries; easy, menu-driven
routines simplify complex tasks (i.e., generating contours)
GIS\Key™ runs on standard DOS PCs and on local area networks
G/SIKey™ stand-alone data entry modules can be purchased
separately at a reduced cost
Reference lists are provided (i.e., regulatory thresholds and
chemical names, aliases, and registry nos.)
GIS\Solutions operates a bulletin board (e.g., to exchange files) and
provides personnel for call-in support routines
GIS\Key™ does not manage ecological assessment or air emission
data
Specialized AutoCAD® and database management system skills
are required to make full use of G/SIKey™
Printed report formats are relatively inflexible; general report-writing
powers are not provided
Basemap integrity is vulnerable; improperly used AutoCAD®
commands can delete sample locations and destroy map and
database links, causing map and database inconsistencies
Database integrity is vulnerable; invalid or inconsistent data can be
entered into the database (water data for a borehole), causing query
anomalies
GIS\Key™ performs predefined database queries; third-party tools
are needed for ad hoc queries
G/SIKey™ is limited to post-project data analysis only; no planning
capabilities are provided
Data storage limitations constrain the entry of location data, well
construction and log information, and QA/QC data
G/SIKey™ does not include audit or transaction logging capabilities
Circles, irregular shapes, and spatial operators cannot be used to
select sample locations; polygon operations are not supported
Database structure documentation is incomplete, limiting the
usefulness of electronic data transfer operations
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Tables. Performance Summary
Element/Function Evaluated
Performance
New project setup
Map management
Data entry screens - geological,
chemical, and hydrogeological
Data import routines
Data integrity checks
Data validation
Data queries
Contouring - geology, hydrology,
and chemistry data
Calculations
Products
Hardware configurations
Project planning
Training
Documentation and support services
User requirements
Software operabttity or "user friendliness"
it was relatively easy to set up a new project, a project directory tree structure, and a project
basemap
mass storage difficulties may arise as project files grow
no problems were encountered during the addition or editing of map symbols using the utilities
during the setup of a new project basemap, the basemap and map symbols were digitized with
satisfactory accuracy using two methods
provide several time saving features, including dynamic look-up lists and quick return to the most
recent item accessed
defaults are provided by GIS\Key™ for several fields
on-line help is not available during data entry
can input data in a wide array of formats
allows for downloading of laboratory data
instructions are available to help the laboratory prepare a import file
performs some data quality checks on key fields for consistency and reasonableness as part of the
data entry screens
third-party data management tools are needed to prepare data files for GIS\Key™ import routines
and for data quality checks beyond those included with GIS\Key™
tracks significant figures
compares QA/QC laboratory results to user-defined QC objectives for method and field blanks,
duplicates, splits, matrix spikes, control samples, surrogates, and holding times,
checks ionic balances, and checks for concentrations outside of historical ranges or in excess of
action levels
reports automatically generated outlining exceptions to project data quality objectives
seven data validation fields are available
one of the most powerful and often used tools available to the user
can perform both spatial and non-spatial queries
- spatial data retrieval capabilities use standard AutoCAD® commands
- GIS\Key™ symbol lists (i.e., user-defined subsets of frequently used sample locations) are used
to simplify AutoCAD® spatial data selection
carried out by QuickSurf™ (version 2.91), a third-party software application integrated with
GIS\Key™
the QuickSurf™ algorithm works well for surfaces which are continuous with respect to slope and
curvature (first and second derivatives) — but may not truly represent surfaces which contain
breaks or faults
performed well during the editing of posted values and the adding of control points
during the entry of flow rate, fluid level, and QC data, G/SlKey™ automatically performs specific
calculations (average flow rate, cumulative flow, spike percent recoveries, and matrix spike
duplicate relative percent differences)
calculates areas, perimeters, and lengths using standard AutoCAD® commands; volume calcu-
lations are supported through Quicksurf™
can export to EPA GRITS/STAT to perform advanced statistical functions
can effectively produce a variety of high quality products (i.e., contour maps, tabular chemistry
reports, geology tables, hydrogeologic tables, geologic logs, and chemistry and hydrology graphs)
standard product formats are available; however, they can be custom tailored by GIS\Solutions or
by the user using third-party software
performed all its functions on PC class systems in the DOS environment
works quickly and presents few hardware problems using the optimum system configuration; based
on timing results the optimum hardware configuration should be used to achieve worker efficiency
determining how to manage the data being generated is a major challenge
codes and lists must be defined to categorize project data (sampling events, preparation fractions,
program types) for storage and retrieval
list and code, organize or group related data and simplify data entry
update and query anomalies can be avoided by using a data management perspective and third-
party software to manage codes
basic and advanced training is available covering AutoCAD® and a detailed walk-through of
GIS\Key™ capabilities
users are guided through the creation of GIS\Key™ outputs
well presented but needs additional emphasis on project planning and setup
the user guide is well prepared and adequately covers the system's modules and activities
does not represent some changes that have occurred with new software versions
helpful and readily available call-in support is offered
general users do not need specialized computer skills or advanced GIS\Key™ training to operate
the software
project administrators need advanced database/data management skills and computer skills to be
able to perform some of the more advanced project setup and maintenance tasks
in general, GIS\Key™'s user interface is well organized and easy to operate
User friendliness is due in part to functions that can usually be selected from pull-down or pop-up
menus; prompts displaying default answers are usually available
the menus guide the user through complex data manipulation and display steps
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digitized using two methods. Satisfactory accuracy of
the coordinates of map symbols was obtained.
Data Entry Screens
Data entry screens are available for geological,
chemical, and hydrogeological data processed by
GISXKey™. These screens provide several time-saving
features, including dynamic look-up lists and quick return
to the most recent item accessed. Defaults are provided
by GISXKey™ for several fields, simplifying the entry of
sequential data. On-line help Is not available during data
entry.
Data Import Routines
Electronic import routines allow the import of data
from several standard formats. A separate program is
available to facilitate import of electronic laboratory data.
Staff with database management expertise Is needed for
data import; laboratory data requires pre-processing fol-
lowing instructions from GISXSolutions and the user is re-
sponsible for data integrity and consistency when other
types of data are Imported.
Data Integrity Checks
GISXKey™ performs some data quality checks for
consistency and reasonableness as part of the data entry
screens and data import routines on key fields and se-
lected attribute fields. Third-party data management
tools are needed to prepare data files for GISXKey™
import routines and for data integrity checks beyond
those included with GISXKey™. The system tracks the
significant figures of all chemical concentrations and re-
porting limits.
Data Validation
GISXKey™ can be used to compare QA/QC labora-
tory results to user-defined QC objectives. Reports are
automatically generated outlining exceptions to project
data quality objectives. Built-in routines are available to:
Identify chemical concentrations that fall outside histori-
cal ranges; identify concentrations in excess of action
levels; check ionic balances; and compare QC results
against QC objectives for method and field blanks, dupli-
cates, splits, matrix spikes, control samples, surrogates,
and holding times. Seven data validation fields are avail-
able to store data qualifiers reported by the lab or as-
signed by the user.
Data Queries
The ability of GISXKey™ to query data is one of the
most powerful and often-used tools available to the user.
Data queries are prompt driven; therefore, knowledge of
a data query language is not required. GISXKey™ spatial
data retrieval capabilities are limited to those provided
by AutoCAD® (individual entity selection and rectangular
selection windows). GISXKey™ allows the user to save
AutoCAD® selection sets by storing them in "symbol lists."
These user-named "symbol lists" allow relevant entities to
be quickly re-selected. "Symbol lists" must be created in
advance and then manually maintained. An attribute of
the system is the speed at which queries and postings
can be made.
Contouring
Contouring geology, hydrology, and chemistry data
is carried out by QuickSurf™ (Version 2.91), a third-party
software package that is integrated with GISXKey™. The
QuickSurf™ algorithm works well for surfaces that are
continuous with respect to slope and curvature (first and
second derivatives), but may not truly represent surfaces
which contain breaks or faults. A number of structure
maps were successfully constructed to test the effect of
editing posted values and adding contour control points.
Calculations
During the entry of flow rate, fluid level, and QC
data, GISXKey™ automatically performs specific calcula-
tions (average flow rate, cumulative flow, spike percent
recoveries, and matrix spike duplicate relative percent
differences). GISXKey™ calculates areas, perimeters, and
lengths using standard AutoCAD® commands. Volume
calculations are supported through Quicksurf™. GISXKey™
can export data to the EPA Groundwater Information
Tracking System/Statistics (GRITS/STAT) program for ad-
vanced statistical functions.
Products
GISXKey™ provides an effective way to produce con-
tour maps, tabular chemistry reports, geology tables,
hydrogeologic tables, geologic logs, and chemistry and
hydrogeology graphs. Standard formats are available
from the software; however, it can be custom tailored by
GISXSolutions staff or by the user through third-party soft-
ware. The products produced by the system are of high
quality.
Hardware Configurations
GISXKey™ performs its functions on standard PC class
systems in the DOS environment. When using the opti-
mum system proposed by GISXSolutions, the system works
quickly and presents few hardware problems.
Table 6 presents timing results for several processes on
three different platform configurations. Although
GISXKey™ was able to perform all of its functions on a 386
class PC (4 Mb RAM), the timing results shown in Table 6
indicate that a more powerful processor and memory
hardware configuration can be used to obtain higher
efficiency.
Project Planning
One real challenge at any site is associated with
determining how to manage the data being generated.
Through proper project planning, GISXKey™ can be used
to define codes and lists to categorize project data (sam-
pling events, preparation fractions, program types) for
storage and retrieval. GISXKey™ uses this information to
organize or group related data and to simplify data entry.
With a good data management perspective and the use
of third-party software, these codes can be managed to
avoid update and query anomalies.
Training
Users can obtain basic and advanced training. Train-
ing covers AutoCAD® and a detailed walk-through of
GISXKey™ capabilities. Users are guided through the
creation of GISXKey™ outputs. The training is well pre-
sented but needs additional emphasis on project plan-
ning and setup.
Documentation and Support Services
The User Guide is well-prepared and covers the
system's modules and activities. It does not represent in
all cases the changes that occurred as new versions of
software were incorporated into GISXKey™. The call-in
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support offered was readily available and of great help In
understanding Issues.
User Requirements
GISXKey™ users fall within two categories: general
users and system administrators. General users are re-
sponsible for 1he day-to-day operation of the GISXKey™
system (i.e., information retrieval) and do not need spe-
cialized computer skills to use the software. Project ad-
ministrators, however, need advanced computer and
database management skills to perform advanced project
setup and maintenance tasks.
Software Operabiltty or "User Friendliness"
In general, GIS\Key™'s user interface Is well orga-
nized and easy to operate. This Is due In part to the
various menus, both graphical and text-based, employed
by GISXKey™. When working within GISXKey™, functions
can usually be selected from pull-down or pop-up menus.
Prompts displaying default answers are usually available.
GIS\Key™'s menus guide the user through complex data
manipulation and display steps, making it possible for
users without AutoCAD® experience to be able to pre-
pare a site map, complete with a title block and border.
Software Status
GISXSolutions, Inc. was organized in July 1990.
GISXKey™ was generated as part of a company wide
effort to develop user-friendly software products which
offer significant reductions in environmental compliance
costs while improving the accuracy and quality of envi-
ronmental data. The various chemical, geologic, and
hydrogeologlc modules which make up GISXKey™ are
sold to industry, environmental consultants, government,
owners/operators, and regulatory agencies, directly and
through distributors.
Technical services, such as software customization,
can be obtained at the client's request. Technical sup-
port packages, such as annual software maintenance
and GISXKey™ training, are included in each software
sale. Professional scientists, geologists, and engineers
employed by GISXSolutions are responsible for providing
technical training and client support services.
Notice
This document has been subjected to EPA's peer
and administrative reviews and has been approved for
publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade
names or commercial products does not constitute an
endorsement or recommendation for use.
Sources of Further Information
EPA Contact:
U.S. EPA Project Manager:
Mr. Richard Eilers
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
Telephone No.: (513) 569-7809
Fax No.: (513) 569-7620
Software Developer:
Mr. Garry Reid
GISXSolutions, Inc.
1800 Suffer Street, Suite 830
Concord, CA 94520-2500
Telephone No.: (510) 827-5400
Fax No.: (510)827-54672
Table 6. Selected Processing Times
Process
386-33/4MbRAM
Time
486-33/8MbRAM
486-33/1BMbRAM
load GIS\Key™
open a 1.9 Mb drawing
open a 322 Kb drawing
swap out to database
plot 1.9 Mb drawing
plot 322 Kb drawing
40 seconds
3 minutes 45 seconds
40 seconds
35 seconds
14 minutes
5 minutes
23 seconds
1 minute, 50 seconds
18 seconds
22 seconds
NA
NA
13 seconds
1 minute, 21 seconds
14 seconds
2 seconds
1 minute, 28 seconds
1 minute, 22 seconds
NA - Not available
12th Floor
•&U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: »»4 - 550-067/80211
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