530F98000
Pay-As-You-Throw
Programs
1
America's
Principal
Cities:
A tool for
Solid Waste
Management
April 1998
SB)
-------
coiv*
\
HI
O
Paul Helmke
Mayor of Fort Wayne
President
Deedee Corradini
Mayor of Salt Lake City
Vice-President
Wellington Webb
Mayor of Denver
Chair, Advisory Board
Gary Price
MWMA President, City of Denver
J.Thomas Cochran
Executive Director
This document was made possible with funding from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the w'ews and policies of the EPA.
THE UNITED STATES CONFERENCE OF MAYORS
1620 Eye Street, NW.Washington, D.C. 20006
phone: 202.293.7330 fax: 202.293.2352
http://www.usmayors.org/uscm
-------
In partnership with the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, the American Plastics Council and the Grocery
Manufacturers of America, the U.S. Conference of
Mayors is pleased to present this document for your
review. This report provides information on unit based
pricing programs in cities with populations greater than
30,OOO.This publication will be updated on a semi-annu-
al basis, so if your city is not included or if you are con-
sidering Unit Based Pricing for your city please complete
the enclosed update form and return to The U.S.
Conference of Mayors Unit Based Pricing Program.
What is Unit Based Pricing?
Unit Based Pricing or"Pay-A-You-Throw" is a different
way of paying for waste collection and disposal services.
In some communities, it works on a per-container basis:
households are charged for each bag or can of waste they
generate. A few communities bill residents based on the
weight of their trash. Either way, the system motivates
people to recycle more and to think about ways to gen-
erate less waste in the first place.
Residents in most communities have come to expect
efficient, reliable trash collection and disposal, and they
tend to support those officials who can get the job done.
This task has been growing more complicated, how-
ever. First of all, it's likely that your residents are gener-
ating more waste each year, even if you have a recycling
program in place.
That can mean escalating costs. Under Unit Based
Pricing, everyone pays only for what they generate—as a
result wastefulness is discouraged. With Unit Based
Pricing, when residents recycle and prevent waste, they
are rewarded with a lower trash bill.
------- Key Terms Program Types: Additional Base Tax/Fee: An additional fee is charged to residents through an already established tax/fee sys- tem to cover the costs associated with municipal solid waste management. Fully Variable: Residents are charged a different rate for different sized containers. Multi-Tier: Residents are charged a fixed flat fee plus variable fees for different sized containers. Container Types: Bags: This system uses colored or otherwise distinc- tively marked standard-sized trash bags. Residents pur- chase the bags from municipal outlets or retail stores. Only waste that is placed in the bags is collected. Can: Under this system, Households are provided with single large waste cans and then charged for.the number of cans sued or a set of standard graduated cans may be used and residents are charged accordingly. Tag: Residents purchase tags or stickers from the solid waste agency and affix them to their own trash bags. The tag of sticker specifies the size of bag it covers. ------- Unit Based Pricing Program Matrix
-------
City
Antioch
Name
Arcadia
Ron Bendorf
Brian Boeskin
Berkeley
UBP
CALIFORNIA
Campbell
Tanya Levy
Title
Phone
Community
Development
Director
(510)779-7010
Management
Analyst
(626)821-4363
Population
Households
Year Started
62,195
21,390
1990
48,290
18,336
Program Type
Container
Fully Variable
Fully Variable
Can
,
Can
1
Bill Helm
Concord
Danville
Peter Dragvich
(510)644-8891
102,724
Environmental
Program
Manager
(408)866-2153
36,048
43,549
1920
Dave Anderson
Senior
Administrative
Analyst
(510)671-3085
Assistant Town
Manager
(510)820-4175
111,348
15,312
Fully Variable
1995
Fully Variable
Can
42,095
31,306
11,167
1979
Fully Variable
1990
Fully Variable
Can
i
Can
Can
-------
UBP
CALIFORNIA
City
Name
Title
Phone
Fremont
Lancaster
David Huerta
Policy Analyst
(510)494-4737
Chuck Leming
Livermore
Martinez
Ellen Axelrod
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
173,339
(805) 723-6093
Assistant to
City Manager
(510)373-5143
Bart Carr
Solid Waste
Specialist
(510)372-3531
Modesto Oakland
Karin Rodriguez
97,291
60,138
1983
33,112
56,741
Recycling
Coordinator
(209) 577-5495
31,808
20,659
1991
Fully Variable
Can
1992
12,583
1992
No Information
Can
Fully Variable
Can
I
I
Fully Variable
Can
1
164,730
Susan Cattchee
Recycling &
Solid Waste
Supervisor
(510)238-3141
372,242
58,080
Fully Variable
144,766
1985
Fully Variable
Can
Can
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Palo Alto
Karen Gissible
Recycling
Supervisor
(650)496-5914
55,900
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
24,700
1992
Pittsburgh
Laura Wright
Waste Reduction
Coordinator
(510)439-4872
47,564
15,753
1990
Fully Variable
Can
Fully Variable
Can
Pleasant Hill
Linda Stair
Administrative
Assistant to City
Manager
(510)671-5237
31,753
13,061
1988
Fully Variable
Can
Redwood City
Chris Holmquist
UBP
CALIFORNIA
Richmond
Steve Devine
Billing and Cash
Collections
Division
(650) 780-7213
Manager Source
Reduction &
Recycling
(510)215-3125
66,072
25,572
1990
87,425
32,798
1912
San Francisco
Paul Horcher
Director of Solid
Waste
Management
(415)554-3400
723,959
305,984
1980
Fully Variable
Can
Fully Variable
Can
Fully Variable
Can
i
-
-------
UBP
CALIFORNIA
City
San Jose
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Ken Johnson
San Leonardo
Chris Vitalis
Assistant to
the Mayor
(408) 277-4237
782,248
Households
251,050
Year Started
Program Type
Container
1993
Assistant
Recycling
Coordinator
(510)577-6026
San Mateo
Santa Clara
Santa Maria
Jenny Linenberger
68,223
Administrative
Aid
(650)377-3451
Rick Mock
85,486
29,099
1950
35,496
Acting Assistant
Director of Public
Works/ Street
Super
(408) 984-3250
Thousand Oaks
Brad Whitty
Public Works
Analyst
(805)925-0951
Graham Watts
93,613
36,548
1990
Fully Variable
Can
No Information
Fully Variable
Can
1
i
I960
Additional Base
Can
61,284
19,907
Environmental
Program
Analyst
(805) 449-2453
104,352
36,365
1995
Fully Variable
Can
Can
1994
No Information
Can
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Turlock
Dan Madden
Recycling
Coordinator,
Water Quality
Control
(209) 668-5540
42,198
Vista
Peter Struck
Management
Analyst
(760) 726-1340
71,872
14,708
1994
Program Type Fully Variable
Container
25,255
1995
Multi-Tier
Can
Can
Walnut Creek
Janet Schneider
Executive
Director
(510)906-1801
60,569
28,340
Fully Variable
Can
i
UBP
CALIFORNIA
-------
UBP
COLORADO
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Colorado
Springs
John Fisher
Director, Solid
Waste
Management
(719)520-6467
Fort Collins
Susie Gordon
281,140
111,002
Year Started
Program Type
Container
Fully Variable
Can
8
Senior
Environmental
Planner
(970)221-6265
87,758
33,810
1996
Additional Base
Longmont
Barbara Huner
Director,
Public Works
(303)651-8306
Loveland
Mick Mercer
Streets & Solid
Waste Manager
(970) 962-2530
515,550
19,644
1995
Fully Variable
Bag
Can
I
37,352
14,119
1993
Additional Base
Bag
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
Gainesville, FL Plantation, FL
Steve Hiney
Director of
Solid Waste
(352) 334-5490
UBP
FLORIDA & GEORGIA
Marietta, GA
Paul De Bernardo
Special Projects
84,770
31,955
1994
Fully Variable Fully Variable
(954) 797-2207
George Wai lace
Superintendent
of Sanitation
(770) 794-5599
66,692
26,552
1992
Can
Can
44,129
19,784
1994
Additional Base
Can
I
-------
UBP
ILLINOIS
City Aurora
Name
Randy Risbold
Title Recycling
Coordinator
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
Downer's Grove
Brian Pabst
Assistant to
Village
Elmhurst
John Wielebnicki
(630) 801 -5240 (630) 434-5523
99,581
33,662
1991
Fully Variable
Can
46,858
17,683
1990
Fully Variable
Public Works
Director
(630) 530-3000
42,029
Highland Park
Tim Wiberg
Assistant to City
Manager
(847)926-1004
30,575
15,108
1992
Multi-Tier
Tag
Bag
1
11,045
Hoffman Estates
Chris Nelson
Lombard
Ellen Balsamo
Administrative Administrative
Assistant Assistant
(847)882-2241
46,561
1993
Fully Variable
Can
10
,
15,974
1992
Fully Variable
(630) 620-5700
39,408
14,919
1994
Multi-Tier
Tag
Can
-------
City
Mount Prospect
Name
Title
Quincy
Lisa Angell
Phone
Population
Solid Waste
Coordinator
(847) 392-6000
53,170
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container Can
20,243
Alan Van DeBoe
Superintendent
of Sanitation
Department
(217)228-4555
39,681
16,056
1992
Multi-Tier
Urbana
Rod Fletcher
Environmental
Manager
(217)384-2381
UBP
ILLINOIS & INDIANA
Wheaton
Bloomington, IN
Dave Mahaler
Administrative
Assistant
(630)260-2179
36,344
13,247
1990
Additional Base
Tag
,
i
1996
Fully Variable
51,464
17,849
Mike Frey
District Manager
(812) 349-2869
60,633
21,015
1990
Fully Variable
Can
Tag
1993
Additional Base
Tag
1
II
-------
UBP
IOWA & MASSACHUSETTS
City
Name
Title
Iowa City, IA Waterloo, IA
Brad Newman
Tim Shea
Amherst, MA
Noel Ryan Bill Fitzgerald
Taunton, MA
Worcester, MA
Phone
Population
Households
Coordinator of
Solid Waste
Planning
(319)356-5232
59,738
Superintendent
of Waterloo
Pollution
Control Facility
(319)291-4553
66,467
21,964
Year Started
Program Type
Container
1996
Multi-Tier
Tag
27,185
Superintendent,
DPW
(413)256-4050
36,504
DPW
Commissioner
(508)821-1434
52,900
17,824
1995
Fully Variable
Can
1989
Bob Fiore
Assistant to the
Commissioner
(508) 799-1430
169,759
18,649
Fully Variable
Can
Fully Variable
Tag
63,588
1993
Additional Base
12
1
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
East Lansing
Dave Smith
Environmental
Specialist
(517) 337-9459
50,677
13,464
Year Started
1992
Program Type
Multi-Tier
Container
Grand Rapids
Eric DeLong
Assistant City
Manager
(616)456-3119
189,126
69,452
1972
Fully Variable
Bag
Bag
UBP
MICHIGAN
Holland
Roger Stroh
Environmental
Director
(616)355-1330
30,745
10,573
1990
Fully Variable
Bag
1
Lansing
Steve Chalker
Recycling
Coordinator
(517)483-7633
127,321
Wyandotte
Mark Kowalewski
City Engineer
(734) 246-4450
30,938
50,835 12,419
1975
Additional Base
Bag
,
1993
Multi-Tier
Tag
,
13
-------
UBP
MINNESOTA
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
Apple Valley
Nelda
Westmeister
Recycling
Coordinator
(612)953-2500
Elaine
Roark Haver
34,598
11,538
Administrative
Assistant
(612) 785-6191
38,975
12,816
1989
Fully Variable
Can
1991
Multi-Tier
Can
1 1
Bloomington
City
JillWeinand
Office Support
Specialist
(612)948-8700
863,350
34,509
1989
No Information
No Information
Brooklyn Park
(612)493-8080
56,381
Burnsville City
Coon Rapids City
Jean Kline
(612)894-3230
Recycling Coordinator
(No Pricing:
Independent
| Haulers)
(612) 755-2880
51,288
20,505
1989
No Information
No Information
19,106
1989
No Information
No Information
52,978
17,427
1989
No Information
No Information
14
,
1 '
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population 85,493
Duluth
Eagan City
Doug Manthey Joanna Foote
Solid Waste
Program
Coordinator
(218)722-3336
Households
Year Started
Communications-
Recycling
Coordinator
(612) 681-4600
47,409
Eden Prairie Edina
Leslie Stouring
UBP
MINNESOTA
Mankato City
Solve! Swenson
Environmental
Coordinator
(612)949-8390
39,311
34,646
1985
Program Type
Container
Fully Variable
17,407
1989
No Information
Can
No Information
14,548
Recycling
Coordinator
(612)927-8861
46,070
19,783
1989
No Information
1990
No Information
No Information
No Information
George Rosotti
Director, Public
Works
(507) 387-8558
Maple Grove
Frank Kampell
Recycling
Coordinator
(612)494-6155
31,477
11,200
No Information
No Information
38,736
12,511
1990
No Information
No Information
I
15
-------
UBP
MINNESOTA
City
Name
Maplewood
Melinda Coleman
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Community
Development
Director
(612)770-4562
Minneapolis
Susan Young
Director of Solid
Waste &
Recycling
Minnetonka
Morehead City
Dean Elstad
Recycling
Coordinator
Terry Radi
(612) 673-2433 (612) 939-8217
30,954
11,541
1990
Program Type
Container
No Information
No Information
368,383
160,351
1995
Additional Base
Can
48,370
18,670
1990
Public Works
Specialist
(218)299-5390
Plymouth
Fred Moore
Rochester
Jack Stansfield
Director of Waste Reduction
Public Works Coordinator
(612)509-5501
32,295
11,538
No Information
No Information
16
1994
Fully Variable
50,889
18,213
(507) 285-8231
70,745
27,973
1990
No Information
Can
No Information
No Information
No Information
-------
City
Name
Title
Roseville
Steve North
St. Cloud
John Dolentz
Assistant City City Engineering
Manager
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
(612)490-2202
(320) 255-7240
33,458
13,591
1990
37,616
UBP
MINNESOTA & MISSOURI
St. Louis Park
Mike Rardin
Public Works
Director
(612)924-2551
St. Paul
Mary Koch
Recycling
Director
(612)644-7678
43,787
13,472
1991
Program Type
Container
No Information
Fully Variable
No Information
Can
20,022
1990
No Information
272,235
Jefferson City, MO
Charlie Lansford
Division Director
of Environmental
St. Sanitation
(573) 634-6409
35,481
110,608
1991
Fully Variable
No Information
Can
14,275
1991
Fully Variable
Bag
, •
17
-------
UBP
NEW JERSEY
City
Dover Twnshp.NJ
Name
Title
Phone
Population
James Shannon
Kearney, NJ
James Waller
Assistant
Township
Engineer
(732)341-1000
Solid Waste
Manager
(201)998-3700
76,371
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
27,340
1991
Multi-Tier
Can
Union, NJ
John Cox
Superintendent,
Department of
Public Works
(908)686-1922
34,874
50,024
12,513
1992
No Information
No Information
18
I 1
18,820
Fully Variable
Can
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
UBP
NEW MEXICO & NEW YORK
Albuquerque, NM
Orlando Sedillo
Director,
Solid Waste
(505)761-8151
384,736
153,781
1995
Fully Variable
Can
Binghamton, NY
Lou Kelly
Commissioner
of Public Works
(607)772-7021
53,008
22,599
1991
Fully Variable
Bag
South Hampton,
NY
Judy Baker
Recycling
Coordinator
(516)283-5210
44,976
18,063
1995
Fully Variable
Bag
Utica, NY
David Lupinski
Director of
Recycling
(315)733-1224
68,637
28,280
1991
Additional Base
Bag
19
-------
UBP
NORTH CAROLINA & OHIO
City
Name
Title
Phone
High Point, NC
Duane Jarman
Solid Waste
Manager
(336)883-3215
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
69,496
Wilmington, NC
Bill Reed
Akron, OH
Pat Smith
Superintendent
of Operations
(910)341-7875
55,530
27,514
1991
No Information
Bag
23,384
1992
Fully Variable
Principal
(330)665-1559
223,019
90,119
1996
No Information
Can
20
,
No Information
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Beaverton
Kevin Kelly
Aux Service
Program
Manager
(503)526-2217
Corvallis
Mary Steckel
Administrative
Division
Manager
(541)757-6916
44,757
22,247
1991
Program Type
Container
Fully Variable
Can
44,757
16,823
1993
Fully Variable
Can
Eugene
Nancy Young
Solid Waste &
Recycling
Analyst
(541)682-6849
UBP
OREGON
Gresham
Pam Driscoll
112,669
46,385
1992
Fully Variable
Can
,
Manager,
Solid Waste/
Recycling
(503)618-2623
Hillsboro
Tim Brady
Hillsboro
Garbage
Disposal
(503)648-4219
68,235
25,870
1991
Fully Variable
Can
,
37,520
12,864
1991
Fully Variable
Can
21
-------
UBP
OREGON
City
Name
Title
Lake Oswego
Andy Harris
Medford
Jim Hill
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Recycling
Coordinator
(503) 635-0284
30,576
12,589
1993
Fully Variable Fully Variable
WRD
Administrator
(541)774-2000
46,951
18,899
1993
Portland
Susan Keil
Environmental
Services
(503) 823-7860
Salem
Mary Canz
Director, Mid
Valley Garbage
& Recycling
Association
(503) 390-4000
Springfield
Lynn Goodwin
437,319
Can I Can
Container
22
187,262
1992
Fully Variable
Can
107,786
Senior
Management
Analyst
(541) 726-3685
44,683
41,150
1993
Fully Variable
17,526
1993
Fully Variable
Can
1
Can
,
-------
City
Reading, PA
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
(215)655-6000
UBP
PENNSYLVANIA & UTAH
Wilkes-Barre, PA
John Bergold
Director, Solid
Waste &
Recycling
(717)821-1162
Provo, UT
David Gunn
78,380
31,299
1975
Program Type
Container
Fully Variable
Bag
47,523
19,284
Director of
Public
Services
(801) 379-6701
86,835
23,713
1994
Fully Variable
Bag
I
1
1987
Fully Variable
Can
I
23
-------
UBP
VERMONT & VIRGINIA
City
Name
Title
Phone
Burlington,VT
Scott Johnstone
Director of
Public Works
Charlottesville,
VA
Art Petrini
Executive
Director,
Solid Waste
(802) 863-9094 (804) 977-2976
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
39,127
14,758
Fully Variable
Bag
Hampton ,VA
Kevin Gallagher
Recycling
Manager
(757) 726-2900
40,341
16,099
1992
Additional Base
Tag
24
133,793
49,699
Lynchburg.VA
David Owen
Waste
Management
Administrator
(804)847-1807
66,049
1996
No Information
By Weight
24,923
1993
Additional Base
Bag
I
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
Auburn
Dick Sulser
Solid Waste
Supervisor
(253)931-3048
33,102
13,360
1990
Fully Variable
Can
Bellevue
Lloyd Warren
Director,
Utilities
Department
(425) 452-7675
86,874
35,786
1997
Fully Variable
Can
,
Bellingham
Jack Garner
UBP
WASHINGTON
Bremerton
Kathy
McCluskey
Director,
Public
Works
(360)676-6961
Director of Recycling
Edmonds Everett
Steve Fisher
Administrative
Services
(360) 478-5290
52,179
21,277
1992
No Information
Can
38,142
14,749
1992
No Information
Can
Coordinator
(425)771-0235
30,744
12,587
Tom Thetford
Maintenance
Supervisor
(425) 257-8824
69,961
28,614
1992
1993
No Information
Fully Variable
Can
Can
I
25
-------
UBP
WASHINGTON
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Federal Way
Rob Van Orsow
Recycling
Coordinator
(253)661-4141
67,554
25,758
Year Started
Program Type
Container
1986
Fully Variable
Can
Kent
Robyn Bartelt
Conservation
Specialist
(253) 859-6573
Olympia
Sherry Parker
Supervisor,
Utility Billing
(360) 753-8209
37,960
16,223
1954
33,840
14,958
1990
Fully Variable
Can
26
. 1
No Information
Can
Redmond
Karen Gustafson
Recycling
Coordinator
Renton
Linda Knight
Solid Waste
Coordinator
(425) 556-2832 (425) 277-6197
35,800
14,214
1981
Fully Variable
Can
41,688
18,184
Richland
Peter Squires
Superintendent,
Public Works
(509) 943-7470
32,315
13,174
1996
Fully Variable
Can
No Information
Can
I
-------
City
Name
Title
Phone
Seattle
Diana Gale
Director of
Spokane
Dennis Hein
Director,
Public Utilities Solid Waste
Management
(206)684-5851
Population 516,259
Households
Year Started
236,908
1981
Program Type
Container
(509) 625-7806
177,196
75,252
Fully Variable
Can
Fully Variable
Can
UBP
WASHINGTON
Tacoma
Vancouver
Terry Morrow
Solid Waste
Utility Manager
Tammy Kihs
Solid Waste
Manager
(253) 591 -5543 (360) 735-8823
176,664
69,752
1974
Multi-Tier
Can
46,380
20,135
1986
Fully Variable
Can
Whidbey Island
Jerry Mingo
Recycling
Coordinator
(360) 679-7386
52,866
18,773
Fully Variable
Can
Yakima
Chris Waarvick
Waste Water
Supervisor
(509) 575-6077
54,827
21,628
1992
No Information
Can
I
1
27
-------
UBP
WISCONSIN
City
Name
Title
Phone
Population
Households
Year Started
Program Type
Container
Eau Claire
Rebecca Noland
Manitowoc
Ken Kalscheur
Finance Director
Deputy Director,
Public Works
(715) 839-6044 (920) 683-4414
56,856
21,258
1994
No Information
Can
32,520
13,136
1995
Multi-Tier
Bag
28
'
-------
City: _
State:
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Contact Name:
Title:
Address:.
Zip:
Phone:
Fax:
Email:
Population:
Number of Households Serviced:
Year Program Started: •_
Program Type:
Fully Variable
Multi-Tier
Additional Base Tax/Fee
Uncertain
Container Type:
. Can
-Tag
No Information
Fax this page to (202) 429-0422,
attention Unit Based Pricing Program.
Thanks for your participation!
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