Association ol State and Territorial
A5T5WMO
Solid Waste Management Officiate
            United States
            Environmental Protection
            Agency
              Office of Solid Waste and
              Emergency Response
              Washington, DC 20460
OSWER 9242.2-09
PB 94-963402
EPA 540/R -94/001
July, 1994
A Report on State/Territory
Non-NPL Hazardous Waste
Site Cleanup Efforts
for the Period 1980 -1992

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Additional copies of this publication may be obtained from:
     National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
            U.S. Department of Commerce
               5285 Fort Royal Road
               Springfield, VA 22161
                  (703) 487-4650

    Please reference the following document numbers:

             EPA Publication 9242.2-09
                   PB 94-963402
                 EPA 540/R-94/001

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                                     Preface
      This report was sponsored by the Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste
Management Officials (ASTSWMO) and the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
The combined dedication of their management and staff was instrumental to the project's
success.

      In addition, the dedication, time and resources provided by the States and Territories
in preparing and submitting the requested data is to be commended; particularly since their
participation was voluntary.

      The focus of the report is  on the non-National Priority List (NPL) hazardous waste
sites being cleaned up by the States/Territories.  However,  in order  to tell the whole
Superfund program story, data on Federal hazardous  waste  cleanup efforts  have been
included.  The time frame of the data is 1980 through 1992, except in a few instances, as
noted. The report, therefore, is historic in nature and tells the  story of what has happened
rather than what is expected to happen.

      The extensive efforts of ASTSWMO, EPA and the States and Territories have been
successful in preparing this report, which is the first of its kind  in the life of the Superfund
Program.  Special thanks are also extended to  the contractor, Kensington Systems, Inc.
(KSI), who provided the major support for this effort.
                                               U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                               Region 5, Library (PL-12J)
                                               77 West Jackson Boulevard, 12th Floor
                                               Chicago, IL  60604-3590
                                        in

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                             TABLE OF CONTENTS


Preface  	iii

Executive Summary	ES-1

      State/Territory Data	ES-2
      Federal Data	ES-4
      Combined State/Territory and Federal Data  	ES-5
      Conclusions	ES-5
      National Data Summaries  	ES-8

Chapter 1.  Introduction and Report Methodology  	1

      The Universe of Sites	1
      Data Targeted  	3
      Targeted Sites  	3
      Study Benefits	4
      Data Definitions	4
      Data Interpretation   	8
      Data Accuracy	9
      Data Flow	9

Chapter 2.  Report Findings	11

      State/Territory, as  of December 31, 1992  	11
      Federal, as of December 31, 1992	12
      Combined State/Territory and Federal	13
      Data Retrieval	16

Chapter 3.  Conclusions	17

      State/Territory	17
      Federal  	19

Appendix  A: State/Territory Data	A-l

Appendix  B:  ASTSWMO Questionnaire  	B-l
                                         IV

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                           EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Introduction
      This report presents the results of an analysis of the State/Territory non-National
Priorities List (non-NPL) cleanup activities in the United States.  It discusses Superfund
removal and remedial actions, the predominant remedies selected, and the costs of cleanup.

      The time frame of the data presented within this report covers the period from 1980
through 1992.  The report focuses on State/Territory non-NPL hazardous waste cleanup
efforts.  However, to afford a full view of all Superfund cleanup efforts, data on Federal
hazardous waste cleanups are included.

      A key point is that the data is historical.  The report represents what has happened
over the first twelve years of the Superfund program. It does not purport to represent what
is currently happening in Superfund or what is anticipated to happen in Superfund.

      This Executive Summary presents highlights of how the study was conducted, the data
collected and the analysis performed.  It commences with the identification of the need for
the data and concludes with a discussion of the results obtained. This Executive Summary
is divided into sections  on State/Territory data, Federal data, combined data, and the
conclusions drawn from the data.
The Universe of Sites

      In understanding the universe of abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous waste sites,
it is  important  to understand how the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) determines sites for Federal Superfund response. The computer database known as
the Comprehensive Environmental Response,  Compensation and  Liability Information
System (CERCLIS) contains a listing of all abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous waste sites
that have been reported to EPA as potential Superfund sites.  As of December 31, 1992, a
total of 36,781 sites were included in CERCLIS.  This study focuses on State/Territory sites
where, at least, a Preliminary Assessment (PA) or removal action had been completed.  By
subtracting Federal sites that still needed a PA and adding some actions that were not in
CERCLIS, the universe for this study was 35,166 sites.

   EPA has a  statutory requirement to  use Superfund resources to remediate the most
serious of these sites.  The process EPA uses to identify the appropriate  sites for action
begins with an assessment for any imminent threats to human health or the environment;

                                      ES-1

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if such  threats are identified, an  emergency removal action is taken.   Next,  a PA is
performed to determine the likelihood of serious potential threats. If a site is not "screened
out" during the PA, a Site Inspection (SI) is performed.  An SI includes field sampling and
analysis to  quantify the site's contamination.  If a site is not screened out during the  SI
stage, it is scored for potential listing on the National Priorities List (NPL),  and those that
meet listing criteria are added to the NPL. In December 1992, there were  1,280 NPL sites.

      For those sites that are "screened out" at any one of the above steps,  EPA determines
that No Further  Remedial Action is Planned (NFRAP). These NFRAP sites are referred
to States or other EPA programs for any further response action.  NFRAP sites that are
referred to the States and Territories are a major source of sites addressed by the States and
Territories  and, hence, are the focus of this study.
State/Territory Data

      The Association of  State  and Territorial Solid Waste Management  Officials
(ASTSWMO) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) acknowledged that a
void existed with regard to data on the cleanup efforts of the States and Territories at non-
NPL hazardous waste sites. To fill this void, States and Territories were asked to provide
data on site status, predominant  remedies, State and potentially responsible party (PRP)
cleanup costs,  start  and completion dates, and site identification information like name,
location and State ID number.

      This information has  been entered into a database which now permits individual
State/Territory reports and  national summaries.  This report is the most  thorough
compilation of  State and Territorial cleanup data and, for the first time, these  data  are
presented in a single format.

      Thirty-nine States and two Territories responded to this request for data.  Of these,
one Territory, the Virgin Islands, stated that they did not have any sites of concern under
their jurisdiction.  The State of New York provided detailed site information  which is
included in the national summary data, however, they did not want their individual state
charts published  in Appendix A.  The State of Connecticut was unable to  provide  the
requisite detailed backup  for its data. Alaska, California and Texas were only able to
submit detailed data on some of  their  sites.

      The terms and resulting data used in this report must be qualified. Each State and
Territorial "Superfund-like" program is  different.  The States are not required to use Federal
definitions for terms like "remedial", "removal" or "construction completion." This report's
use of these terms to describe and measure cleanups in a State/Territory program will not
be fully  consistent either  among States/Territories or with the  Federal data.  For  the
purposes of this study, ASTSWMO, in  consultation with many of their members, agreed to
use the Federal Superfund program terminology as the most commonly understood set of


                                       ES-2

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terms.   Even  if  there  were  perfect understanding  of  these  Federal  terms,  the
States/Territories  still had to fit  their programs  to these definitions and  may have
interpreted the wording of the data matrix differently. Individual States/Territories also
varied in the amount of time they were able to commit to this study. All of these factors
contribute to the accuracy and variability of the presented data. It is important to keep
these qualifications on terms in mind when comparing States and Territories to each other
and to the Federal cleanup data.

      On a national level, as of December 31, 1992, some of the compiled study results
from the States and Territories are:

      •     21,905 total  sites were reported

      •     3,527 sites have  at least one completed State removal

      •     2,689 sites have completed construction through  a State remedial process
             (entire site work was completed except ongoing "operation and maintenance"
             activities)

      •     11,000 sites were described as still active in some part of their State remedial
             process (the process from preliminary assessment through remedial action)

      •     4,834 sites were in a  State version of the  remedial investigation/feasibility
             study phase

      •     4,261 sites had a duration of less than one year from the start of the remedial
             investigation to the  completion  of the remedial action or,  if a removal, the
             duration is from the beginning to the end of the removal action

      •     3,395 sites reported  a  total cost  of $1,205,531,234, which includes both State
             and PRP costs.

      The cost figures reported are limited since many States/Territories did not  report
State and/or PRP costs; only some State or PRP site costs were reported by 30  of the
participating States/Territories. Due to some States' accounting procedures, certain costs
were not assigned  to specific sites or were  not  easily retrievable for this study. The "An
Analysis of State Superfund Programs: 50-State Study"  (1991 Update), a study sponsored
by EPA and conducted by the Environmental Law Institute (ELI), concluded that the States
spent nearly $500 million for their cleanup efforts in  1991  alone.

      A complete compilation of the State/Territory data, i.e., the State/Territory National
Data Summary, can be found at the  end of this Executive Summary.  Appendix A contains
a complete  presentation  for  each  of the  40  States/Territories that provided  data to
ASTSWMO.


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Federal Data

      The Federal information is taken from the CERCLIS database and other official
EPA data sources. CERCLIS contains detailed data on all fifty States, the U.S. Territories
of American Samoa, Guam, Midway Island, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Wake Island and
the Trust Territories,  as well as, the Navajo Nation and the  District of Columbia.   A
compilation of the Federal data, i.e., the Federal National Data Summary, is presented in
a table at the end of this Executive  Summary.  Since the CERCLIS database is constantly
being updated, the CERCLIS information presented herein may not be the most accurate
at the time it is reviewed. Additionally, since CERCLIS is not the official financial reporting
system for EPA cost data, the Federal  cost data presented may not necessarily be accurate.
In addition, Federal cost data are represented in this study by financial obligations and not
final expenditures.

      As mentioned earlier, in addition to the data derived from CERCLIS,  the Federal
data presented in this  study are augmented by other data sources,  e.g., the Superfund
Management Report.  For the period through December 31,  1992, some of  the Federal
results include:

      •     35,166 sites existed

      •     2,365 sites had completed removal actions

      •     155 sites had remedial construction completions

      •     9,134 sites were active in the process from preliminary assessment to remedial
             action

      •     900 sites had a duration of less than 1 year from the start of the Remedial
             investigation  to the completion of the  remedial action  or, if a removal, the
             duration is from the beginning to the end of the removal action

      »     2,866 sites reported total Federal obligations of $4,782,175,666.

      A complete compilation of the  Federal data can be  found at  the  end of this
Executive Summary.
                                      ES-4

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Combined State/Territory and Federal Data

      The combined State/Territory and Federal data is limited to the 38 States and 1
Territory that responded to the ASTSWMO data matrix with detailed information and
represents the status of individual sites, as of December 31, 1992. Reviewing three key
cleanup accomplishments of the State/Territory data and the Federal data reveals:

      •     5,892 sites had completed removal actions -- 3,527 State/Territory and 2,365
             Federal

      •     2,844 sites had remedial construction completions -- 2,689 State/Territory and
             155 Federal

      •     20,134 sites were still in the remedial process — 11,000 State/Territory and
             9,134 Federal ~ from a completed PA through a Remedial Action (RA).
Conclusions

      Differences in terminology and systems for tracking accomplishments by the States/
Territories and  between  States/Territories  and the EPA make the  development of
conclusions a challenge. However, the findings and conclusions presented herein are useful
as a general measure of activities. The reader needs to remember  that these  data are
historical in nature and the conclusions may not apply at the time this report is reviewed
based upon additional or more current data.

State/Territory Governments, by December 31, 1992, had:

      •     Completed several thousand sites

            •     2,689 or 14% of the identified sites which required remedial action had
                   completed construction

            •     5,828  or 30% of the  identified sites required no further remedial
                   action, based  on  preliminary assessment,  site inspection or remedial
                   investigation

      •     Completed a large number of removal actions - 3,527 or 36% of the total
            number of removal sites had been completed

      •     Utilized potentially responsible parties as the majority funding source

            •     Enforcement actions: 3,692 or 31% of primary funding
                                      ES-5

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            •     Voluntary/property transfer actions: 6,448 or 55% of primary funding

      •     Increased the  pace of site activities  in the latter half  of  the  Superfund
            program

            •     6,561 or 78% of the sites reporting start dates were started in the years
                  1986 through 1992 as compared to only 22% of the sites having been
                  started prior to 1986

            •     6,170 or 91% of the sites reporting completion dates were  completed
                  in the years 1986 through 1992 as compared to only 9% of the sites
                  having been completed prior to 1986

      •     Selected containment, either on-site or off-site, as the predominant remedy
            at 76% of the sites

            •     2,438 or 61% of the predominant remedies used off-site containment

            •     599 or 15% of the predominant remedies used on-site containment

      »     Of the on-going sites as of December 31, 1992, States/Territories had moved
            a large number of sites from the preliminary assessment and site inspections
            phases to the remedial design and remedial action phases

            •     PA/SI accounted for 3,887 sites or 40% of the last remedial phase

            •     RI/FS accounted for 4,834 sites or 50% of the last remedial phase

            •     RD and RA accounted for 941 sites or 10% of the last remedial phase

      •     Used site security as a predominant remedy at a low number of sites; only at
            197 sites or 5% of the remedies selected and it was used as the only remedy
            in 74 of the 197 sites

      •     Used innovative technologies as a predominant remedy at 11 sites  or 0.3% of
            the reported remedies selected.

Federal Government, by December 31,  1992, had:

      •     Completed construction at 155 NPL sites

      •     Increased the annual number of removal and remedial cleanup completions
            since the Superfund Amendments and  Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986
            was passed (1987 - 1992 time period vs pre-1987 time period)


                                      ES-6

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       •     Completed removal actions at 2,365 sites

       •     A relatively even distribution of predominant remedies for all actions, both
             removal and remedial; 2,248 or 84% of the reported predominant remedies
             were divided among:

             •     On-site containment at 24%

             •     Site security at 22%

             •     Off-site containment at 21%

             •     Off-site treatment at 17%

       •     Utilized innovative technology  in  the cleanup  efforts; seven construction
             completion sites had utilized innovative technology.  However, according to
             an internal EPA study, undertook 263 innovative technology projects, prior to
             December 31, 1992.

      Although the  data obtained for this report is limited, it does represent the first
attempt at compiling the "total" accomplishments influenced by the Superfund program.
These accomplishments represent tremendous effort by all involved, the States, Territories,
and the Federal government. ASTSWMO members have expressed an interest in updating
the data in this study in the future.
                                      ES-7

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State/Territory
The States and Territories reported a
total of 21,905 sites, with 1,017 having
neither a Removal nor a Remedial sta-
tus. These 1,017 sites represent sites
such as those on Indian reservations,
which are known but are not under the
direct jurisdiction of a State or Terri-
tory. Of the remaining 20,888 sites,
8,421  were  Removal and Remedial
sites,  1,371  were sites with only Re-
moval actions, and 11,096 sites were
sites with only Remedial actions.
  The total number of Removal sites
was 9,792, with 3,527 completed as of
December 31, 1992. The total number
of  Remedial  sites  was 19,517 with
2,689 construction completion—i.e.,
the total of All Remedial Action Com-
plete Except Operations and Mainte-
nance (260) and All Remedial Actions
Complete (2,429).
  The most prevalent Last Remedial
Phase was Remedial Investigation or
Feasibility Study (RI/FS), with 4,834 of
the 9,662 Active Remedial sites report-
ing a Last Remedial Phase.
  The three key Predominant Rem-
edies were Off-Site Containment with
2,438, On-Site Containment with 599,
and On-Site Treatment with 455.
  Total Cost of $1,205,531,234 was
reported  for  3,395  sites,  with  the
cost  represented by   State  cost  of
$650,000,770 for 2,167 of the sites and
PRP cost of $555,530,464 for 1,385 of
the sites.
  A Primary Funding source was re-
ported for 11,778  sites, with Volun-
tary/Property Transfer  representing
6,448 of them. Enforcement was the
Primary Funding  source on a national
level with 3,692 sites.
  Duration of Response Actions re-
ported for 6,052 sites had an average of
13 months and 15 days.
National Data Summary (Total Sites = 21,905)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 2,167
State Average: $299,954.21
PRP
Sites: 1,385
State Average: $401,105.03
| Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
1 Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
9,792
6,265
3,527
19,517
11,000
8,517
5,828
260
2,429
9,662
3,887
4,834
571
370
4,005
455
599
2,438
238
67
197
11
100.00% I
^•^•^^^^^^^^^^•^^
63.98%
36.02%
100.00% I
56.36%
43.64%
68.43%
3.05%
28.52%
100.00% I
40.23%
50.03%
5.91%
3.83%
100.00% 1
11.36%
14.96%
60.87%
5.94%
1.67%
4.92%
0.28%
$1,205,531,234.00 1
$650


$555


11,778
1,273
365
3,692
6,448
6,052
4,261
858
356
246
125
73
133
,000,770.00


,530,464.00


100.00% |
10.81%
3.10%
31.35%
54.74%
100.00% |
70.40%
14.18%
5.88%
4.06%
2.07%
1.21%
2.20%
                                                   ES-8

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                                          State/Territory
   Removal
   9,792 Sites
                                    Remedial
                                    19,517 Sites
                       Removal and Remedial
                                  20,888
            Ongoing
             64.0%
               No Further Action
                  43.6%
                                         No Further Action   Last Remedial Phase
                                                                      PA/SI 40.2%
                                                                      RI/FS501%
                                   Removal Only
                      Removal & Remedial    6'6%
                          40.3%
 60%


 50%


 40%


 30%


 20%


 10%


  0%
             Primary Funding
                 11,778 Sites
         State
                                   54.7
            Federal     Enforcement    Voluntary/
           Government            Property Transfer
                                                 70%


                                                 60%


                                                 50%


                                                 40%


                                                 30%


                                                 20%


                                                 10%


                                                 0%
                                                               Predominant Remedies
                                                                      4,005 Reported
                 60.8
 On-Site   On-Site    Off-Site   Off-Site  Population    Site    Innovative
Treatment Containment Containment Treatment  Protection   Security  Technology
  1500



  1200


V
i  900

rx

f  600



   300
$14,107,739
                   State Costs
                     2,167 Sites
                                                             Start and Completion Dates
                             $95,291,540 $432,514,306
         $0-     $50k-   $100k-   $500k- >$1,000,000
       49,999   99,999   499,999   999,999
                                                  1500
                                                  1200
                                                I 900
                                                  600
                                                         300
       I— 8,384 Starts

       h - - 6,747 Completions
                                                    0
                                                    Before  '80 '81  '82  '83  '84  '85 '86  '87 '88  '89  '90 '91  '92
                                                      '80
                                                                             Year
                                                    ES-9

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Federal
Data derived for CERCLIS reported
35,166 sites; 2,331 had both Removal
and Remedial actions, 465 had only
Removal actions, and 32,370 had only
Remedial actions.
  The total number of sites with Reme-
dial actions  was 34,701,  with  9,134
Active, 22,876 No Further Federal
Superfund Remedial Action Based on
PA/SI or RI, 155 construction comple-
tion, and 2,536 Deferred to Other Pro-
grams. The 22,876 sites under PA/SI
or RI represent sites that  were under
consideration for transfer to the States/
Territories for follow-up  and  subse-
quent  action.
  The Predominant Remedies  were
On-Site Containment with 652 occur-
rences, followed by  Site Security with
583 occurrences and Off-Site Contain-
ment with 558 occurrences.
  The Total Cost was $4,782,175,666
for 2,866 sites with an  average  of
$1,668,588 per site. The average cost
for the 143  construction  completion
sites with reported cost was $2,361,629.
The average cost for the 73 construction
completion  sites  with Federal   Fund
Lead was $3,953,849. However, it was
estimated that future sites with con-
struction completion Remedial  actions
will average  $25,000,000 due to the
larger and more complex nature of these
sites.
   The average Duration of Response
Actions of the 1,405 sites reporting start
and completion dates was 16 months
and 21 days. The average Duration of
Response Actions of the 113 construc-
tion completion Remedial actions re-
porting start and completion dates was
65 months and 25 days. It is estimated
that ongoing construction  Remedial
actions will take 94 months to complete
and future construction Remedial ac-
tions will take 121 months to complete,
due to the size and complexity of these
sites.
    National Data Summary (Total Sites = 35,166)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Federal Superfund Remedial Action Planned
Deferred to Other Programs
Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
| Federal Cost
2,796
431
2,365
34,701
9,134
25,567
2,536
22,876
48
107
9,194
8,764
254
171
5
2,663
228
652
558
455
172
583
15

100.00%
15.41%
84.59%
100.00%
26.32%
73.68%
9.92%
89.47%
0.19%
0.42%
100.00%
95.33%
2.76%
1.86%
0.05%
100.00%
8.56%
24.48%
20.95%
17.09%
6.46%
21.89%
0.57%
34,782,175,666.00
Sites: 2,866
Average: $1,668,588.86
$4,782,175,666.00
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
|Fund Lead
Coast Guard
EPA Fund-Financed
EPA In-House
Federal Enforcement
Federal Facilities
Mixed Fund Federal/RP
PRP Lead under State
PRP Response under State
Responsible Party
State, Enforcement
State, Fund-Financed
State, No Fund Money
Tribal Lead, Fund-Financed
1,405
900
226
87
54
33
28
77
1,188
4
435
0
3
114
4
22
69
497
1
37
2
0
100.00% |
64.06
16.09
6.19
3.84
2.35
1.99
5.48
100.00%
0.34
36.61
0.00
0.25
9.60
0.34
1.85
5.81
41.84
0.08
3.11
0.17
0.00
                                                    ES-10

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                                                  Federal
             Removal
             2,796 Sites
                      Ongoing
                       15.4%
   Complete
    84.6%
No Further Action
    73.7%
                               Remedial
                              34,701 Sites
    No Further Action Deferred
                  to Other
                  Programs
                  9.9%
                  Complete
                  0.4%
                                                                              Based on
                                                                              PA/SI or Rl
                                                                              89.5%
                                                                                        Last Remedial Phase
                       Active
                       26.3%
                                                                              Complete
                                                                              Except
                                                                              Operations/
                                                                              Maintenance
                                                                              0.2%
                                                          Wittattm


                                                           t
                                                                                                    PA/SI 95.3%
                                         RI/FS 2.8%
                                         RD 1.8%
                                         RAO.1%
              Removal and Remedial
                     35,166 Sites
                                    Predominant Remedies
                                          2,663 Reported
          Removal & Remedial  Removal Only
                 7.3%      -     1.3%
                  Remedial Only
                     92.0%
                                                       25%
                                                       20%
                                                       10%
                                                        5%
                                                        0%
                                                                    24.5
                                                                21.9
                         On-Site   On-Site   Off-Site    Off-Site  Population    Site    Innovative
                        Treatment Containment Containment Treatment Protection   Security  Technolqv
  1000
  800

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State/Territory and  Federal

Data Comparison — Database


Total Sites
Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
Deferred to Other Programs
Stale/ Territory
21,905
9,792
6,265
3,527
19,517
11,000
8,517
N/A2
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI 5,828
All Remedial Action Complete Except
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
1 Public Cost
^^••^^^^•^^^•"•"^^^^^^^•"••^^•^^^^^^^^"n^^^^^^^^^^^^—
Sites:
Average:
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
Operations/Maint. 260
2,429
9,662
3,887
4,834
571
370
4,005
455
599
2,438
238
67
197
11
$650,000,770.00
2,167
$299,954.21
6,052
4,261
858
356
246
125
73
133
Federal
35,166
2,796
431
2,365
34,701
9,134
25,567
2,536
22,876
48
107
9,194
8,764
254
171
5
2,663
228
652
558
455
172
583
15
$4,782,175,666.00
2,866
$1,668,588.86
1,405
900
226
87
54
33
28
77
Tolal
N/A1
12,588]
6,696
5,892
N/A1
20,134
N/A1
N/A3
N/A1
308
2,536
18,856
12,651
5,088
742
375
6,668
683
1,251
2,996
693
239
780
26
$5,432,176,436.00
5,053
$1,075,039.86
7,457
5,161
1,084
443
300
158
101
210
'Not additive due to the fact that some of the Federal sites may have been transferred to the states/territories and may therefore be counted in
both jurisdictions since CERCLIS does not delete a site once a site record has been entered.

2States/territories do not transfer sites to  other programs; therefore, the field is not applicable to states/territories.

3Not additive due to footnote 2.
                                               ES-12

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                                 CHAPTER 1

             INTRODUCTION AND REPORT METHODOLOGY
      In 1980, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Act (CERCLA) was passed and was enhanced, in 1986, by the Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act (SARA). The program came to be known as Superfund. Superfund
enables EPA to assess certain waste sites, classifying and cleaning up those sites that require
the attention and resources of CERCLA and the Federal government.  Once a site has been
discovered or identified, it is assessed as to the severity of the health hazard it poses for
human health and the environment.  A determination is then made on whether  the site
needs the attention and resources of CERCLA and the Federal government. The cleanup
responsibility for the remaining sites, after assessment, is transferred to the States and
Territories.
The Universe of Sites

      In understanding the universe of abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous waste sites,
it is important to understand how EPA determines sites for Federal Superfund response.
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and  Liability Information
System (CERCLIS)  inventory  contains  a listing of all the  abandoned or uncontrolled
hazardous waste sites that have been reported to EPA as potential Superfund sites. As of
December 31, 1992, a total of 36,781 sites were included in CERCLIS.  This Study focuses
on State/Territory sites where at least a Preliminary Assessment (PA) or removal action had
been completed. By subtracting Federal sites that still needed a PA and adding some
actions that were not in CERCLIS,  the universe for this study was 35,166 sites.

      EPA has a statutory requirement to use Superfund resources to remediate the most
serious of these sites. The process EPA uses to identify the appropriate sites for action is
described below.

      •     Sites are assessed for any imminent threats to  human health or the
            environment;  if such threats are identified, an emergency removal action is
            taken.

      •     Next, a Preliminary Assessment (PA) is performed to determine the likelihood
            of serious potential threats;  for some 40 percent of the sites, EPA determines
            that "No Further  Remedial  Action is Planned"  (NFRAP) following the PA.

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             These NFRAP sites are referred to States or other EPA programs for any
             further response action.

             If sites are not "screened out" following the  PA, a Site Inspection (SI) is
             performed, which includes field sampling and analysis to quantify the site's
             contamination; at roughly  50 percent of the sites, EPA  determines that
             NFRAP, by the Federal program, following the SI.

             If sites are not "screened  out"  during  the SI stage, they are scored  for
             potential listing on the National  Priorities List (NPL), and those that meet
             listing criteria are added to the NPL.  In December 1992 there v/ere 1,280
             NPL sites.

             Referred NFRAP sites are a major source of sites addressed by the States and
             Territories, and are the focus of this study.
Background
      This report represents the status of the State/Territory hazardous waste cleanup
efforts as of December 31, 1992. The decision to prepare this report was made at the 1992
Annual  Meeting of the Association of State  and Territorial Solid Waste Management
Officials (ASTSWMO).  At the meeting, ASTSWMO and the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency  (EPA) agreed on the need to collect data  on State efforts for non-NPL hazardous
waste cleanups.  This agreement was predicated on the abundance of data on Superfund
cleanups at NPL sites and other Federal actions, but  a lack of data on State/Territory
efforts.   In  order to  obtain  a complete  picture  of  the national  cleanup  efforts,
State/Territory level data were needed. Thus, the  decision to collect the data was made by
ASTSWMO and EPA.

      The format for the collection of the State/Territory level data was determined at
ASTSWMO's mid-year meeting in April of 1993,  where it was decided that  ASTSWMO
would send a matrk form to all the States and Territories requesting, on a voluntary basis,
the desired data.  The data matrix form was distributed on July 8, 1993. In August 1993,
data were  received by  ASTSWMO.  In September  a  contract was  awarded for  the
compilation of a database on State/Territory non-NPL cleanups, based on ASTSWMO's
matrix form. The contract was also for the presentation and analysis of the collected data
and for the retrieval of specific data in response to queries.  Additionally, the contract was
to compile Federal data received from CERCLIS  and other official EPA data sources. A
copy of the study's data matrix form, which ASTSWMO sent to State Superfund managers
for completion, can be found in Appendix B of this report.

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Data Targeted

      The State/Territory matrix asked for data for the calendar years 1980 through 1992.
The requested data included:

             Site name and location
             Site status, i.e., removal, remedial, active, completed
             Last remedial phase, if remedial active
             Predominant remedy
             Primary funding source
             Both State and potentially responsible party (PRP) costs
             Duration  dates, i.e., start and completion dates
             State identification number.

      The same data were requested from CERCLIS with the exception that State ID was
replaced by EPA ID and primary funding was replaced by fund lead. Also, a few extra data
fields for future consideration were requested of CERCLIS.
Targeted Sites

      The sites  targeted for this study consisted of all locations where hazardous waste
cleanup  efforts  were performed  by  States/Territories  directly,  under  State/Territory
enforcement authority, and under State/Territory voluntary and property transfer programs.
NPL sites, Resource  Conservation  and Recovery Act  (RCRA)  corrective  actions and
underground and above ground storage tanks and petroleum spills were excluded.

      All 50  States,  seven Territories, and  the District  of  Columbia  were asked to
participate. The  following 39 States and two Territories were able to provide the requested
data:

      Alabama           Kansas             Nebraska          Rhode Island
      Alaska             Louisiana          Nevada            South Carolina
      Arizona           Maine              New Jersey        South Dakota
      California         Maryland          New Mexico       Tennessee
      Colorado           Massachusetts      New York         Texas
      Connecticut        Michigan          North Carolina     Utah
      Delaware           Minnesota          Ohio              Virginia
      Florida            Mississippi          Oklahoma         Washington
      Illinois             Missouri            Oregon            Wisconsin
      Indiana            Montana           Pennsylvania

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The  two participating territories are  American Samoa and  The Virgin Islands.  The
CERCLIS data included the 50 States, all seven Territories, the Navajo Nation, and the
District of Columbia.  The CERCLIS data also contain NPL sites.
Study Benefits

      The two  primary benefits  of  this study are  increased knowledge  and better
communications:

      •      Increased knowledge will:

              •    provide  a  more  comprehensive  picture of Superfund influenced
                   State/Territory cleanups, both complete and underway; and

              •    provide useful information on the growing amount of State/Territory-
                   level cleanup activity that is occurring  outside the umbrella of the
                   Federal system.

      •      Better communications will:

              •    allow ASTSWMO, EPA and the States and Territories to demonstrate
                   the successes of the Superfund program; and

              •    support the continued dialogue with Congress on clarifying  the roles
                   of the States and Territories in the re-authorization of Superfund.
Data Definitions

      Due to the differences in the methods and systems used by the States and Territories
to account for their cleanup accomplishments, the ASTSWMO data matrix used specific
definitions for the information requested in order to have a common core for the data being
received. The following are some of the definitions used in the ASTSWMO data matrix and
details on how they affected the data presentations.

       •    Site Status -- A site that had:

              •    a removal only — a site that had one or more removal-type actions and
                   no remedial activity;

              •    a remedial  only — a site  that had one or more remedial-type actions
                   and no removal activity;  or

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              •    a combined removal and remedial -- a site that had both removal type
                   and remedial-type actions.

      A combined removal and remedial site can be both complete, both active, removal
complete and remedial active or removal ongoing and remedial complete. However, to be
a site in this study, a preliminary assessment must have been completed or a removal action
started.  The total number of sites for any State/Territory should equal the total of the
number of removal only sites, remedial only sites and combined removal and remedial sites.
However, two additional categories used in this report - sites with removal activities and
sites with remedial activities will not add up to the total of sites in a State; the total of these
two categories will exceed the total sites by the number of sites that had both removal and
remedial activities.

      •     Last  Remedial Phase -  This is the last  remedial phase  which had been
             completed by December 31, 1992.  It is used only  for active  or ongoing
             remedial sites; the phases are:

              •    PA/SI: preliminary assessment/site investigation completed but  the
                   remedial investigation has not been completed;

              •    RI/FS: remedial  investigation/feasibility study  completed but  the
                   remedial design has not been completed;

              •    RD: remedial design completed  but the remedial action has not been
                   completed; and

              •    RA: remedial action completed but  site activities other than operation
                   and maintenance are ongoing.

             The total number of phases should equal the total number of active remedial
             sites.

      •     No Further Action — Applies only to remedial sites and addresses the three
             ways in which a remedial site can be considered as complete:

              •    No required remedial action needed based on  the results  of a PA/SI
                   or RI;

              •    All  remedial action completed,  except ongoing  operation  and
                   maintenance; and

              •    All remedial  action completed;  no ongoing remedial action, of any
                   sort, remains.

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            The total number of these three categories should total the number of no
            further action remedial sites.

      •     Predominant  Remedies  -- The major types  of remediation  used at a
            completed site.  Each completed site could report up to six predominant
            remedies.  Only the most significant remedies were to have been reported.
            Active sites were not to have reported predominant remedies.

      •     Total Costs ~ All known  State and PRP costs associated with the completed
            cleanup of a site.  A site can have State costs or PRP costs or both.  State
            costs were reported individually, regardless of whether the site had PRP costs.
            Likewise, PRP costs were reported individually, regardless of whether the site
            had State costs.  Therefore, the total number of sites reporting costs by State
            and PRP will exceed the total number of sites with costs if any of the sites of
            concern have both State and PRP costs.  Additionally, for combined sites with
            both a completed removal and completed remedial,  any reported  cost is
            considered the cost of both of the actions. In instances where  costs were
            known to have been incurred, but the exact amount is not known, "unknown"
            is reported for the State costs and/or PRP costs as appropriate.

      •     Primary  Funding Source -- The primary or "lead" funding source for a
            completed site is reported as  one of the  following four categories: State,
            Federal, enforcement, and voluntary/property transfer.  Voluntary is; an action
            defined by an individual State/Territory.  It was combined with property
            transfer because many States/Territories consider the financing of a cleanup
            prior to the transfer of a  property to be a voluntary act. A primary funding
            source may be reported even if total costs were not reported. Thus, there is
            not a requirement for the number of sites which reported costs to equal those
            which reported primary funding sources.

      •     Duration  of Response Actions - For remedial only sites, the duration is the
            time period  from the  start of the  remedial  investigation through the
            completion of the remedial action. For combined removal and remedial sites,
            the  duration  is the time  period for the completed remedial action.  If the
            remedial is active and the removal is complete, then the duration is the time
            frame  for the  completed removal.    For completed removal only  and
            completed remedial only sites, the time frame is for the individual site actions.

      In most cases, these same definitions apply to  the CERCLIS data with the following
exceptions:

      •     Total Costs -- all costs are Federal costs

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Primary Funding Source - is replaced by event lead where the following
categories are used (from OSWER Directive 9200.3-01H-1):

  •   Coast Guard -- Work performed by Coast Guard; limited to removals
      (applies to response events)

  •   EPA Fund Financed -- Fund financed response actions performed by
      EPA (applies to response events)

  •   EPA In-House -- Response activities performed by EPA using in-house
      resources

  •   Federal Enforcement — Enforcement activities performed by EPA or
      work done by enforcement program (also applies to record of decision
      (ROD) events at PRP financed response events); historically (Pre-FY
      1989) applied to RI/FS and RD response events

  •   Federal Facilities — Response  activities performed by  the Federal
      facility with oversight provided by  EPA and/or the State at sites
      designated as Federal facilities on the NPL; also applies to RODs at
      Federal facilities

  •   Mixed Funding Federal/Responsible Party (RP) -- Preauthorization
      mixed funding work performed by PRP under a Federal consent
      decree (CD)  with an agreement  that the Fund  will provide some
      reimbursement to the PRP (applies to response events)

  •   Potential Responsible Party (PRP) Lead under State - PRP response
      under a State order/CD and no  EPA oversight  support or money
      provided through a CA and no other formal agreement exists between
      EPA and the  State

  •   PRP Response under State -- PRP financed response action performed
      by  PRP  under State order/CD  with  PRP oversight  paid for or
      conducted by EPA through  an EPA cooperative agreement (CA) with
      the State or, if oversight is not funded by EPA, a State memorandum
      of agreement  (SMOA) or other formal document between EPA and
      the State exists which allows EPA review of PRP deliverables (applies
      to response events)

  •   Responsible Party - PRP financed response actions performed by the
      PRP under a Federal order/CD (applies to response events)

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              •    State, Enforcement -- Enforcement activities performed by a State;
                   money provided through a CA or if not funded by EPA, a comparable
                   enforcement document exists (also applies to ROD events at State
                   financed and PRP lead under State response events)

              •    State, Fund-Financed - Fund financed response actions performed by
                   a state; money provided through a CA (applies  to response events)

              •    State, No Fund Money ~ State financed (no Fund dollars) response
                   actions performed by the State (applies to response events)

              •    Tribal Lead, Fund Financed -- Indian Tribal Governments

             Duration of response  actions ~ is the time from the discovery  of a  site
             through the remedial action.
Data Interpretation

      The major interpretation of the data is left to the reader. The data are presented
in different arrays and formats to facilitate that interpretation. The data are factual in that
they have been extracted from the data provided by the States, Territories and CERCLIS
and other official EPA sources  with only minimal interpretations made and  conclusions
drawn. The reader is left to use the data and his/her knowledge and experience to generate
more in-depth analyses.

      The data sheets, in Appendix A, compile the data provided on the study  instruments
by all participating States/Territories. Percentages have been added to assist the reader in
determining the relative impact  of specific data categories.  Written profiles are provided
to highlight salient points and contain, when appropriate, information pertaining to the State
or Territory not displayed directly by the data sheets, e.g., the cost of completed removals
in both State and PRP dollars. These data, although captured by the study instrument, were
obtained via a report that compiles and combines completed sites and costs. Another report
depicts the predominant remedies for completed sites by removal and remedial actions.
These reports and others were developed in response  to  information requested from
ASTSWMO and EPA.

      The graphics which accompany the State/Territory data sheets visually present the
major data groups of site status,  predominant remedies, cost,  primary funding and site
duration.

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Data Accuracy

       The presented data are as accurate as the data submitted by the participating States
and Territories and retrieved from CERCLIS.  To assure the accuracy of the submitted
State/Territory data, a series of verification processes were undertaken. First, in November
1993, a site-by-site  listing and  the data sheet was  sent  to the participating States  and
Territories.

       Then, corrections and enhancements received from the States and Territories were
input into the database and  a revised data sheet accompanied by graphic displays of major
data categories and a written profile of the presented data were  produced.  This package
of information was  next returned to the States  and Territories for review.  Additional
corrections  and enhancements received by the States and Territories were  input to the
database and a final  information display produced. Finally, the ASTSWMO Board of
Directors reviewed the draft report  and approved its release on April 20th, 1994  at the
ASTSWMO Mid-Year meeting.

       The CERCLIS  data accuracy test used was a review of the results  of the extraction
with other official EPA data sources. In those instances when exact matches did not occur,
further investigation with appropriate EPA staff was pursued until valid and substantiated
results could be obtained.
Data Flow

       The data submitted by the States and Territories were in the form of hard copy, i.e.,
the completed data matrix, and/or a disk file.  When only hard copy was received, it was
reviewed to flag obvious  inconsistencies, e.g., neither a removal or remedial  status was
entered. All data, including inconsistencies were put into the system.  Site-by-site listings
were produced with the inconsistent data highlighted. The site-by-site listing and a data
sheet were returned to the affected States and Territories.

       Data received from States/Territories on disks were converted, where possible, to the
system's required input format  and processed  through the edit  routine.    Sites with
inconsistencies were flagged. Like data received via hard copy only, site-by-site listings with
highlighted inconsistencies and a data sheet were sent to the affected States and Territories.

       For those State/Territory submittals that were in hard copy, but not the format of
the data matrix and/or on disk but in an incompatible format, time was spent via telephone
with the individual States and Territories to rectify the difficulties.  Once resolved, the data
were input to the system as noted above.

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      To assure that the State/Territory data were as  accurate  as  possible,  all data
presented in this report have been reviewed by the appropriate parties with all their final
corrections and enhancements being considered.

      For the CERCLIS data extraction, a general query was established requesting all the
data elements  comparable to  those in the  ASTSWMO  data matrix.   The query was
converted into a more detailed  extraction statement with the identification of specific
CERCLIS data fields and logic. The details of the extraction statement were reviewed in
a walk-through prior to the actual run.  The results  of the extraction run were reviewed
against known results such as the 155 remedial construction completions which occurred by
December 31, 1992.  CERCLIS results, not in agreement with other official EPA sources,
were reviewed and, if necessary, rerun until valid results were obtained.
                                        10

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                                   CHAPTER 2

                              REPORT FINDINGS
       This chapter presents the findings of the two different data collection efforts. The
findings are presented by:

       •     State/Territory
       •     Federal
       •     Combined State/Territory and Federal.
State/Territory, as of December 31. 1992

       The State/Territory national data summary of the 21,905 sites shows that 8,421 were
combined removal  and remedial sites,  1,371 were  removal only sites and 11,096 were
remedial only sites.  Appendix A, State/Territory Data, presents the data collected from the
40 participants. The remaining 1,017 sites represent independent sites that were known, but
were not under the authority of the States/Territories.  For example, a site on an Indian
reservation would be in this category.

       The number of sites with State/Territory removal activities was 9,792, of which 6,265
were ongoing and 3,527 were complete. The number of sites with State/Territory remedial
activity was 19,517,  of which 11,000 were still active, 5,828 were determined not to need
further State/Territory remedial action based on site assessment, and 2,689 were considered
construction completions.  For the active remedials, the prevalent last completed remedial
phases were remedial investigation and feasibility study (RI/FS) and preliminary assessment
and site inspection (PA/SI) with 4,834 and 3,887 occurrences, respectively.

       The leading predominant remedies for State/Territory reported data were excavation
and final removal to off-site landfill (1,458 sites) followed by encapsulation or over-packing
with final off-site disposal (676 sites), final removal to off-site landfill (304 sites), and surface
capping (271  sites).  None of the other 33 predominant remedy categories had more than
150 occurrences.

       Cost data  were submitted for  3,395 sites or  only 15%  of the sites and totaled
$1,205,531,234.  Since the  study design precluded use of partial costs known to the States
and Territories, most States and Territories were not able to supply information on total
PRP costs.  Therefore, total cost, particularly the PRP cost, is significantly understated.
                                        11

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      The source of funding for the cleanup activities was provided for 11,778 sites. Of
these, 10,140 or 86% were  conducted by private parties.  Voluntary/property  transfer
cleanups accounted for the funding for 55% of all sites.

      Duration, from the start of a remedial investigation through the completed remedial
action, was reported for 6,052 sites of which 4,261 sites (70%) were completed in less than
1 year.
Federal, as of December 31. 1992

      The Federal data provides information on 35,166 sites: 2,331 were combined removal
and remedial sites, 465 were removal only sites and 32,370 were remedial only sites.  This
means that 2,796 sites had removal events and 34,701 sites had remedial events. Ongoing
removals totaled 431 and completed removals totaled 2,365. The 34,701 sites with remedial
activities break down into the following categories: 9,134 were active, 22,876 had no further
Federal action based on PA/SI or RI,  155 were construction completions, and 2,536 were
deferred to other programs.

      Federal cost figures were compiled from EPA's Integrated Financial Management
System (IFMS). Seventy-three of the 155 construction completion sites were Federal fund
lead sites with obligated costs totaling $288,630,961 or an average  of $3,953,849 per site.
Total obligated costs for the 143 sites with available financial data (this included sites with
mixed funding and PRP oversight costs) was $337,441,389 or an average of $2,359,730  per
site.  The average  Federal cost for all sites (2,860) was $1,668,589, some of which were still
active.

      The average duration of the  Federal site completions varied based on  whether a
removal or a remedial action had occurred.  In examining those sites that reported start and
completion dates, where only a removal action or only a remedial action had occurred, the
following is observed:

                                                  Average Months

      •     Removal Only Sites       286             13.89

      •     Remedial Only Sites      43             73.35

      The predominant remedy was on-site containment (652  sites).  Within CERCLIS,
each site can have an unlimited number of predominant remedies. However, for this report,
a limit  of  six predominant remedies  per site was  imposed  to be  consistent with the
State/Territory survey. This has not  had an adverse effect on the report since only 19 sites,
or less than five-hundredths of one percent (< 0.05%), had listed more than six predominant
remedies. Table 1, which follows,  presents the reported predominant remedies for the 155


                                        12

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construction completions and the 400 completed removal only sites. Within this context, the
155 construction completions were completed remedials with or without removal activity.
However, if removal activity was present, they were likewise completed. The 400 completed
removal only sites were sites with no ongoing removal actions and no remedial activity,
either active or complete.

                                  TABLE 1
         PREDOMINANT REMEDIES: CONSTRUCTION COMPLETION
                  AND COMPLETED REMOVAL ONLY SITES
CONSTRUCTION
COMPLETION SITES
96 34.5%
65 23.4%
37 13.3%
36 13.0%
28 10.1%
13 4.6%
3 1.1%
COMPLETED REMOVAL
ONLY SITES
212 25.6%
239 28.8%
97 11.7%
125 15.1%
79 9.5%
70 8.4%
7 0.9%
PREDOMINANT
REMEDIES
On-Site containment
Site Security
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
On-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Innovative Technology
Combined State/Territory and Federal

      Combining the State/Territory and Federal data reveals the results and status of the
entire Superfund effort as of December 31, 1992. Table 2 displays key Federal and
State/Territory accomplishments.

                                   TABLE 2
         KEY FEDERAL AND STATE/TERRITORY ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Accomplishment
Sites with completed removals
Sites with remedial construction
completions
Sites with active remedials
Federal Data
2,365 Sites
155 Sites
9,134 Sites
State/Territory Data
3,527 Sites
2,689 Sites
11,000 Sites
                                      13

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       Totaling the numbers from the table above, key accomplishments were as follows:

       •      5,892 completed removals
       •      2,844 remedial construction completions
       •     20,134 ongoing sites in the remedial process.

       A full compilation of the State/Territory data and the Federal data is contained in the
display at the end of the Executive Summary. Included in this comparison display are the
numbers as derived from the two databases.

       As of December 31,  1992 cost and obligation data from the two database sources (i.e.,
the ASTSWMO data matrix and CERCLIS) total $5,987,706,900 of which $4,782,175,666 were
from 2,866 Federal sites; $650,000,770 were State/Territory costs based on 30 States reporting
costs; and $555,530,464 were PRP costs based on 16 States reporting PRP costs.  The total
number of sites for which costs were reported was 6,261, with 2,866 Federal sites,  2,167
State/Territory sites and 1,385  PRP sites.  (The total exceeds the 6,261 because some sites have
reported both PRP and State/Territory costs yet these sites were counted only once in. the total.)
In the following Table 3, the sites for which State/Territory costs and Federal obligations were
reported are summarized with  dollar averages for remedial  and removal only completions.

                                      TABLE 3
              PUBLIC DOLLARS FOR CONSTRUCTION COMPLETIONS
                            AND REMOVAL ONLY SITES
Universe
Total
State/Territory
Federal
Remedial
Construction
Completions Sites
Sites
770
627
143
Average $
588,001
183,490
2,361,629
Completed
Removal
Only Sites
Sites
726
343
383
Average $
3,768,791
46,915
7,072,442
       By adding the PRP costs reported by the States/Territories to the costs in Table 3, the
State/Territory average for remedial construction completions would increase to $259,695 based
on 1,601 sites and the average for completed removal only sites would be increased to $105,115
based on 374 sites.  However, the combined State/Territory and Federal average for remedial
construction completions would be reduced to $432,044 based on 1,744 sites and the combined
average for completed removal only sites would be reduced to $3,644,638 based  on 757 sites.
                                         14

-------
      To avoid confusion between this report of historical data from 1980 - 1992 with more
recent data collected by EPA, the following information is presented.  It was not  possible to
obtain similar updates from the States/Territories; however, it is obvious that additional cleanups
have been completed by the States/Territories.
                         CURRENT FEDERAL CONTEXT

     In addition to the 155 remedial construction completion sites discussed in this
     report, the following is presented:

      - an additional 89 remedial construction completions have been identified over
     the 18-month period from January 1, 1993 through June 30, 1994, bringing the
     total to 244 as of June 30, 1994; an increase of over 57% within the last 18
     months;

      -- Based on a 1993  survey of site managers, the average cost of future  non-
     Federal  Facility remedial  construction completions  is  expected  to  be
     approximately $25 million. This is reported in the EPA Office of Solid Waste
     and Emergency Response Directive 9200.2-21, letter from Elliott P. Laws to
     Congressmen Swift and Dingell, dated January 28, 1994;

      -- The average cost is impacted by the relatively small number of sites with very
     high cleanup costs; 16% of the operable units on the sites account for over 60%
     of all capital costs incurred at NPL sites;  The majority of projects (69%) have
     capital costs of less than $10 million and 38% have capital costs of less than
     three million dollars.

      ~ Approximately 89% of the total site cleanup cost is for capital costs; the
     remaining 11% includes site assessment, study and design activities. In addition,
     operation and maintenance costs of $50,000 per year is projected over a 20 year
     period.

      ~ Currently the average duration of a construction complete site, as reported
     by other EPA sources,  is 94 months starting  at the initial discovery of the site
     and going through the remedial  action phase. In the future, it is estimated that
     the duration will be 121 months from the discovery to completion because of the
     more complex nature of the sites to be cleaned up.
                                        15

-------
Data Retrieval

      The system accepts ad hoc queries based upon the available data in the system.  For
example, the system can respond to a query for the PRP costs by completed removal only sites
or by predominant remedy. Some examples of the type of queries possible include:
      Query:       What was the predominant remedy for completed removal only sites?

      Response:    The predominant remedy was encapsulation or overpacking with final off-
                    site disposal for removals.


      Query:       What was the total study site count by site activity?

      Response:    One thousand three hundred seventy-one were removal only sites; 11,096
                    were remedial  only sites; 8,421 were combined removal and remedial
                    sites; and 1,017 sites  were designated as  neither removal nor remedial.
                    These 1,017 sites represent sites identified by States/Territories, but were
                    not under the jurisdiction of either a State or Territory.
                                          16

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                                     CHAPTER 3

                                  CONCLUSIONS
       The conclusions presented herein are based only on the data and the direct experiences
encountered over the course of this project.  They do not include programmatic elements that,
if applied, could affect the result.  For example, additional research has been recently concluded
in preparation for the Reauthorization of CERCLA. Much of this research is aimed at projecting
future  costs and performance of the program.  Those projections will not always match the
historical findings of this report. The conclusions of this report, therefore, should be read with
the caveat that the data, as a stand alone element, is insufficient to provide the total picture of
the current State/Territory or Federal efforts.

       There are  two comments the researchers would like to make about the study design and
process.  First, should the collection effort be continued on a periodic basis, the universe of the
required data should be expanded to permit a  more in-depth and accurate analysis  of both the
State/Territory and Federal hazardous waste cleanup efforts.  For example, the fact that most
of the data in this study is summarized at the site level does not allow us to thoroughly analyze
cost and duration  data at sites where multiple remedial and/or removal activities have occurred.

       The second comment is that the two databases established  are powerful tools that,
although not perfect, can still provide insight into the State/Territory and Federal cleanup efforts.
The information  can  help  interested  parties  analyze   those  efforts  and  identify  where
improvements may be warranted. The need, then, is to minimize the inconsistencies within the
databases and to permit an easy access such that interested parties can retrieve and analyze data
of concern to them.

       The following report conclusions are targeted to the specific universes of State/Territory
and Federal data.
State/Territory

       The conclusions regarding the  State/Territory efforts are presented according to the
following four topic areas:

       •     Success Of The Cleanup Efforts
       •     Need To Continue The Cleanup Efforts
       •     Increased Program  Development
       •     Adequacy of Cost Data

                                           17

-------
       State/Territory Cleanup Efforts Have Been Successful

       States/Territories  have  completed 2,689  sites  through the  remedial construction
completion phase, i.e., remedial action. These sites have had their risk to public health and the
environment addressed.  In addition, 3,527 removal sites have had actions completed to address
immediate risks.  Thus, over 6,000 sites across the country have been  either fully  remediated
or had their immediate environmental concerns addressed.

       Also, no further action determinations have been made at 5,828  sites based on a PA/SI
or RI.  The finding of no further action by a State or Territory provides the public  with an
assurance that these sites were not seriously contaminated and can be utilized for most purposes
and, therefore, returned to productive use.

       There Is A Need To Continue The State/Territory Efforts

       States/Territories, on December 31, 1992, were working on 6,250 removal sites and
11,000 remedial sites.  This active caseload was nearly twice the number of completed removals
and four times the completed remedial actions for the previous thirteen  years.

       State/Territorial  resources will continue  to be needed  to  address  this universe of
contaminated sites for many years to come.  Of the 9,662 active  remedial sites which reported
the last completed remedial phase,  40% (3,887 sites) had completed a  PA or SI, 50% (4,834
sites) had completed an RI or FS, almost 6% had finished an RD and almost 4% had completed
an RA but had other work to complete on the  site.  Therefore, a large number of sites will be
moving into the RD and RA phases.

       State/Territory Programs Have Continued To Develop

       State/Territorial cleanup programs have greatly increased in  their capacity to  address
contaminated sites. This was evidenced by the number of project starts and completions for the
periods 1980-1986 and 1987-1992:

       •     2,685 (32%) starts for 1980-1986
       •     5,699 (68%) starts for 1987-1992
       •     1,099 (16%) completions for 1980-1986
       •     5,648 (84%) completions for 1987-1992.

       These data show that States/Territories have recognized  the problems associated  with
contaminated sites and have developed the program capacity to deal with the problems faced by
their individual States. It will be required that State/Territorial  programs continue to address
sites well into the future.
                                          18

-------
       There Is A Need To Collect More Detailed Cost Data

       Less than  15% of the sites reported cost data.  Only one State reported cost for all its
sites and 10 of the participating States/Territories reported no costs at all.  In addition, some of
the States that reported costs indicated that their costs were estimates, while others gave ranges
(e.g. less than "X" thousand or between "X and Y"  thousand).

       States/Territories should attempt to improve their collection of cost data.  Currently, all
States track the expenditures of public funds, however, private party costs may not always be
available to State program managers.  A means to obtain this information should be pursued in
order to obtain the full picture of costs, i.e., public and private dollars spent on site remediation
in this country.  Therefore,  the  State/Territory costs presented  herein, should be viewed and
analyzed within the limited arena in which the data has been collected.
Federal

       The Federal data, like the State/Territory  data, generate questions as well as some
answers. The available answers, i.e., the conclusions, are presented within the following topics:

       •     Distribution of Predominant Remedies
       •     Impact of SARA.

       Remedies  Selected  For Completed  Removal and  Remedial  Actions Were  Evenly
       Distributed Over the Various Predominant Remedies

       Eighty-four percent  of the  predominant remedies used were evenly distributed between
on-site containment, off-site treatment,  off-site containment and  site security, each  with
approximately one-fourth of the 84%.

       By the end of 1992, Federal sites were  beginning to use innovative technology as a
predominant remedy.  Such technologies have been used on  15 completed removal or remedial
actions, seven of which were sites with remedial construction completions.

       The 1986 Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act has had an Impact On The
       Federal Cleanup Efforts

       Cleanup actions at both removal and remedial Federal sites prior to 1987 were 739 starts
and 509 completions.  From 1987 through 1992, starts totaled 1,184 and completions  1,305.

       Reviewing the data another way, the 7-year period from 1980-1986 had 38% of the starts
and the 6-year period from  1987-1992 had 62% of the starts or almost twice as many starts in
one year less time.
                                          19

-------
20

-------
     APPENDIX A
STATE/TERRITORY DATA
         A-l

-------
                           APPENDIX   A
                                   Index
Introduction: State/Territory Data  	 A-4

Summary Table of Selected Elements	 A-5

State/Territory Presentations

   Alabama  	 A-6
   Alaska	 A-8
   American Samoa	 A-10
   Arizona	 A-12
   California  	 A-14
   Colorado	 A-16
   Connecticit	 A-18
   Delaware	 A-20
   Florida	 A-22
   Illinois	 A-24
   Indiana	 A-26
   Kansas	 A-28
   Louisiana	 A-30
   Maine 	 A-32
   Maryland	 A-34
   Massachusetts	 A-36
   Michigan	 A-38
   Minnesota	 A-40
   Mississippi  	 A-42
   Missouri  	 A-44
   Montana  	 A-46
   Nebraska	 A-48
   Nevada  	 A-50
   New Jersey  	 A-52
   New Mexico 	 A-54
   North Carolina  	 A-56
   Ohio	 A-58
   Oklahoma	 A-60
   Oregon	 A-62
   Pennsylvania	 A-64
   Rhode Island	 A-66
   South Carolina  	 A-68
                                    A-2

-------
   South Dakota	  A-70
   Tennessee 	  A-72
   Texas	  A-74
   Utah	  A-76
   Virginia	  A-78
   Virgin Islands  	*
   Washington	  A-80
   Wisconsin	  A-82

State/Territory National Data Summary	  A-84
  The Virgin Islands, although willing to participate, does not have data to present at
  this time.
                                      A-3

-------
                               INTRODUCTION

                         STATE/TERRITORY DATA
   This chapter contains presentations for 39 States and one Territory.  Another Territory,
the Virgin Islands, elected to participate; however, at this time, it does not have any
Territorial enforcement program or other vehicle to handle non-NPL hazardous waste
cleanup efforts. As a result, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has taken the lead,
handling all stages of any required cleanup efforts.

   Connecticut, although participating, submitted summary data that did not have detailed
support.  Therefore, its data sheets and all subsequent presentations for Connecticut is based
upon that summary data.  To maintain the integrity of the database,  Connecticut is not
included in the national totals.

   California has submitted detailed data on 850 sites; however, California has stated that
it has many more sites for which it was unable to provide the requested data in the time
allotted for this project. The 850 detailed sites submitted by California are in the database.

   Alaska has provided detailed information on 41 sites and these sites are in the data.base.
Alaska has also identified another 400 sites. These sites, however, do not have any direct
parameter data like site status, predominant remedy or cost and, therefore, are not in the
database.

   Similarly, Texas has provided detail information on 200 sites and these sites are in the
database. Texas has also stated that another 1900 sites have been referred by the Federal
government and they  are currently under eligibility review.  Approximately  another 100
sites, abandoned industrial  disposal sites and state emergency removals, have been
completed from the early 1980's through  1992.  These latter sites are not in  the database
because  the time constraints of the study did not permit  the gathering of the necessary
information fir acceptance by the database.

   For the 39 States and the one Territory that submitted data, it is presented in three forms:
a written profile of the data, a raw data display and a graphic data display. Preceding the
State/Territory presentations is a summary table depicting  selected data elements for each
State/Territory.   Following the 40 presentations is the  State/Territory National Data
Summary. This is a summary,  on the national level, of all the data in the database.  It is
presented in the format of profile, raw data and graphic data. Note that Connecticut is not
in this Summary since its data is not in the database.


                                       A-4

-------
State/Territory—Selected Data
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Virginia
Washington
Wisconsin
Totals
Total
Sites
69
41
3
76
850
11
642
185
36
906
79
183
101
70
378
3,089
2,662
414
110
44
214
15
34
5,996
58
556
873
86
40
307
41
29
42
674
244
200
31
21
1,220
1,849
22,547
Removal
Ongoing
31
4
3
8
20
4
0
10
15
553
27
62
5
10
4
2,669
1,584
11
0
0
'27
0
0
798
1
33
2
29
0
9
13
1
3
242
0
39
1
20
27
0
6,265
Removal
Complete
38
11
0
33
152
5
0
1
21
207
18
5
5
25
26
420
343
31
17
23
26
0
0
1,030
7
231
0
8
32
16
24
82
16
372
40
15
6
0
19
222
3,527
Remedial
Active
1
11
2
34
213
5
551
84
13
651
25
179
69
51
166
2,553
1,584
293
89
11
169
15
24
1,374
49
442
646
60
4
205
9
13
19
60
198
151
24
0
171
1,352
11,551
Remedial
NFA
7
8
1
40
600
0
91
31
23
189
2
3
21
12
212
536
1,078
108
16
10
7
0
10
4,621
1
112
225
2
4
49
0
1
5
19
7
10
1
1
210
275
8,608
Remedial
Complete
0
6
1
40
149
0
91
0
21
187
2
2
21
9
1
379
343
53
8
10
4
0
9
948
0
27
8
2
4
8
0
1
4
19
4
10
0
1
134
275
Durations
(Sites/Days)
44/186
33/248
1/62
30/403
0/0
3/93
0/0
0/0
24/992
209/1,891
15/372
0/0
23/930
34/1,674
40/186
391/558
0/0
80/558
24/961
34/635
0/0
0/0
7/465
4,440/279
7/155
111/465
0/0
0/0
7/651
21/465
25/248
10/403
18/155
212/744
43/279
2/217
10/195
0/0
28/362
126/465
2,780 6,052/14,454
State
Average
(Sites/S)
26/$7,307
38/$95,160
0/$0.00
54/$231,928
223/$407,141
1/$3,200,000
0/$0.00
18/$69,750
25/$487,393
375/1167,227
10/$168,112
2/$83,500
24/$41,061
29/$89,741
8/$77,468
33/$77,389
496/$321 ,021
89/$1 27,561
0/$0.00
3/$42,666
3/$253,333
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
32/$974,329
2/$67,500
21 0/$1, 006,030
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
29/$2,951
0/$0.00
26/$304,615
0/$0.00
35/$201,034
0/$0.00
43/$51,175
13/$701,076
4/$32,597
2/$1 ,250,000
131/$83,544
183/$5,131
2,167/5299,954
PRP Average
(Sites/S)
0/$0.00
3/$9,899
0/$0.00
7/$2,802,227
o/so.oo
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
138/1461,948
1/$1,000
14/$2,349,000
0/$0.00
2/$367,500
6/$236,177
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
89/$91 2,044
0/$0.00
5/$2,21 8,000
1/$250,000
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
1,083/$288,565
1/$5,000,000
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
1/$200,000
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
29/$1 55,827
3/$2,783,333
2/$7,000,000
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
0/$0.00
1,385/8401,105 I
                        A-5

-------
State/Territory—Alabama
Alabama reported 69 sites; 61 of the
sites had only Removal actions and 8 of
flip citf*c liurl hrith D^nmvnl ftnH R<*nif**
U1C ollta llaU UUU1 RClllUVcll allU JXC111C*
dial actions. There were no sites with

only Remedial actions. Thirty-five of
the sites with only Removal actions
were designated Complete (i.e., the
Removal actions were Complete).
Three of the sites with both Removal
and Remedial actions had all Removal
actions Complete and had all Reme-
dial actions designated as requiring No
Further Action.
The Predominant Remedy most re-
ported was Off-Site Treatment with 37

occurrences.

State cost was reported as $190,000
for 26 sites for an average of $7,308 per
site. The range of cost was from $2,000
to $25,000 per site. For 25 sites with
only Removal actions, and with these
actions Complete, the average cost was
$7,200 per site.
A Primary Funding source was re-
ported for 53 sites, with the State as the
f I'** f *!•» '* o
source tor JL or tne sues.
The average Duration of Response
Actions for 44 sites with reported start
and completion dates was 6 months.
Alabama has a hazardous substance
, j • 1 noo
cleanup fund that was enacted in lyoo
with enforcement, liability, and cost re-
covery provisions.











Data Display (Total Sites =

H Removal

Ongoing
Complete

• Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

H Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS

RD
RA

• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology

• Total Cost
•••••^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^••••••^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^•••••^^^^^^^•^^^^•i^^^^^^
State
Sites: 26 State Average: $7,307.69
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00

1 Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
| Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

69)

69

31
38

8
1
7

7
0
0

1
0
0

1
0

41
2
1
0
37
0
1
0







53
32
2
4
15
44
35
9
0
0
0
0
0





44.93%
55.07%

100.00%
12.50%
87.50%

100.00%
0.00%
0.00%

100.00% I
0.00%
0.00%

100.00%
0.00%

100.00% I
4.88%
2.44%
0.00%
90.24%
0.00%
2.44%
0.00%

8190,000.00 I
$190,000.00

$0.00


100.00%
60.38%
3.77%
7.55%
28.30%
100.00% |
79.55%
20.45%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                       A-6

-------
                           State/Territory—Alabama
     Removal
       69 Sites
                                Remedial
                                  8 Sites
           Removal and Remedial
                   69 Sites
                                                                         Removal & Remedial
                                                                             11.6%
                     No Further Action
                        87.5%
                                        No Further Action  Last Remedial Phase
                                                                 RD 100.0%
                                                                                     Removal Only
                                                                                        88.4%
80%


70%


60%


50%


40%


30%


20%


10%


 0%
       Primary Funding
            53 Sites
60.4
                               28.3
       State       Federal     Enforcement   Voluntary/
               Government            Property Transfer
                                           100%
                                           80%
                                           60%
                                           40%
                                           20%
                                            0%
Predominant Remedies
     41 Occurrences
                                                                      90.3
                                                 On-Site
                                                 Treatment
       On-Site
      Containment
 Off-Site
Treatment
 Site
Security
                              20
                              15
                               10
                                         State Costs
                                           26 Sites
                                           $91,000
                                    $0-
                                   4,999
                                              $10k-
                                              14,999
                                             A-7

-------
State/Territory—Alaska
Alaska identified more than 450 sites and
reported detailed information for 41 sites.
Two of these 41 sites were both Removal
and Remedial actions, 13 were sites with
only Removal actions, and 17 were sites
with only Remedial actions. The 2 sites
with both Removal and Remedial ac-
tions reported those actions as completed
(i.e., Removal  actions were Complete
and Remedial actions required No Fur-
ther Action). Nine of the sites with only
Removal actions reported those actions
as Complete, and 6 of the sites with only
Remedial Actions reported those actions
as requiring No Further Action.
  The prevalent Last Remedial Phase
was PA/SI with 11  of the 20 sites that
reported a Last Remedial Phase. The
prevalent Predominant Remedies were
On-Site Treatment with 18 occurrences
and Off-Site Treatment with 15 occur-
rences.
  Total   Cost  was   reported  as
$3,645,801 for 41 sites. State cost was re-
ported for  38  sites for  a  total  of
$3,616,104, and PRP cost was reported
for  3 sites for a total of $29,697.  State
cost of $37,754 was reported for the two
sites with both  Removal  actions that
were Complete and  Remedial actions
that required No Further Action. State
cost of $296,165 was also reported for 7
sites with only  Removal actions where
those actions were Complete, and State
cost of $765,183 was reported for 6 sites
with only Remedial actions that required
No  Further Action.
  The Primary Funding source was the
State with 23 of the 28 sites that reported
Primary Funding; Enforcement was re-
ported for 4 sites and Voluntary/Prop-
erty Transfer for one site.
  The average Duration of Response
Actions was 8 months and 7 days based
on 33  sites reporting start and completion
dates for Duration of Response Actions.
The first site was started in 1988.
Data Display (Total Sites = 41)

Removal 15 100.00% 1
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off- Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 38 State Average: $95,160.63
PRP
Sites: 3 PRP Average: $9,899.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
^^^^^^^^^^•••••^^^^^^^^^^^••••••••••••••^•••••^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
4
11
19
11
8
2
3
3
20
11
0
4
5
50
18
7
4
15
3
3
0





^^^
23
0
4
1
•a
28
4
1
0
0
0
0
•^•••PMM^^^H^^^^^^^^^H
26.67%
73.33%
100.00% 1
57.89%
42.11%
25.00%
37.50%
37.50%
100.00% 1
55.00%
0.00%
20.00%
25.00%
100.00% 1
36.00%
14.00%
8.00%
30.00%
6.00%
6.00%
0.00%
53,645,801.00 1
$3,616,104.00

$29,697.00

100.00% 1
82.14%
0.00%
14.29%
3.57%
100.00%
84.85%
12.12%
3.03%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                   A-8

-------
      Removal
       15 Sites
                               State/Territory—Alaska
                      No Further Action
                         42.1%
                                Remedial
                                  19 Sites
                                        Removal and Remedial
                                                 32 Sites
                                               Last Remedial Phase
                                                                   PA/SI
                                                                   55.0%
                                                    Complete
                                                    Except
                                                    Operations/
                                                    Maintenance
                                                    37.5%
                                                                             Removal & Remedial
                                                                                  6.3%
                                                          Removal Only
                                                             40.6%
                                                                      Remedial Only
                                                                        53.1%
 100%



  80%



  60%



  40%



  20%



   0%
             Primary Funding
                   28 Sites
82.1
          State     Enforcement    Voluntary/
                            Property Transfer
             40%


             35%


             30%


             25%


             20%


             15%


             10%


              5%

              0%
                                           36.0
                                                   Predominant Remedies
                                                        50 Occurrences
                                                                    30.0
                                          On-Site    On-Site    Off-Site    Off-Site   Population
                                         Treatment  Containment Containment  Treatment  Protection
                                                             Site
                                                            Security
                State Costs
                   38 Sites
  20 r-
   15
(0

W


1  1°

I

z
        $401,445
          $0-
         49,999
            $50k-
            99,999
                                 $2,902,797
$100k-
499,999
                                                  Start and Completion Dates
'87
'90
'91
'92
                                                                             Year
                                                A-9

-------
State/Territory—American Samoa
American Samoa reported 3 sites, all of
which had both Removal and Reme-
flicil nr*t"innQ
Ulcll dX/ULUia.
The Last Remedial Phase for the 2
sites with Active Remedial actions
was, respectively, PA/SI and RA. The
Removal actions for all 3 sites were
Ongoing.
The Predominant Remedies used
for the 3 sites were On-Site Treatment,
Off -Site Treatment, On-Site Contain-
ment, and Off-Site Containment.
The Primary Funding source was
the Federal Government. All costs are
unknown.

One site was started in 1988, and 2
sites were started in 1990. The one All
Remedial Action Complete designa-
tion occurred in 1990.


























Data Display (Total Sites = 3)

• Removal

Ongoing
Complete

^ Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

H Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

H Predominant Remedies
••••••^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^•^••••^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^•^^••••I^^^^^^^^^^^M
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
H Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
• Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months



3

3
0

3
2
1
0
0
1

2
1
0
0
1

6
^^^^^^•^
2
2
1
1
0
0
0





3
0
3
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0



100.00%

100.00%
0.00%

100.00%
66.67%
33.33%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%

100.00%
50.00%
0.00%
0.00%
50.00%

100.00%
33.33%
33.33%
16.67%
16.67%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
SO.OO
$0.00

$0.00

100.00% |
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                      A-10

-------
         State/Territory—American  Samoa
                            Remedial
                             3 Sites
No Further Action
    33.3%
        No Further Action
                 Last Remedial Phase
                    Active
                    66.7%
                                     Complete
                                     100.0%
                                                        PA/SI 50.0%
                                                        RA 50.0%
                     Predominant Remedies
                          6 Occurrences
          35%



          30%



          25%



          20%



          15%


          10%



           5%



           0%
33.3
33.3
                On-Site
               Treatment
         On-Site     Off-Site
        Containment   Containment
                               16.7
                   Off-Site
                   Treatment
                              A-ll

-------
State/Territory—Arizona
Arizona reported 76 sites. Forty-one of
these sites had both Removal and Re-
medial actions, and 33 had only Reme-

dial actions. There were no sites with
only Removal actions.
Forty of the sites with Remedial ac-
tions were classified as construction
completions.
State cost for 54 sites was
$12,524,140 for an average cost of
$231,929. The total PRP reported cost
for 7 sites was $19,615,593 for an aver-
age of $2,802,228.
The most prevalent Predominant
Remedy was On-Site Containment
with 9 occurrences.
For sites with Remedial actions that

were Active, the predominant Last Re-
medial Phase was the RI/FS (23 sites).
The first 2 sites were started in 1980,
and an additional 10 sites were started
in the period from 1980 through 1985.
Twenty-two sites had Duration of Re-
sponse Actions of Less Than 12
Months. The average Duration of Re-
cnnncp Apfinnc for ^0 ^ifp'j WfW 1 3
dUUllSC /HUUlliS J.U1 ~J\J olLto W da 1 _J

months and 25 days tor the sites that

reported start and completion dates.
















Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal

Ongoing
Complete

• Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology

• Total Cost


State
Sites: 54 State Average: $231,928.52
PRP
Sites: 7 PRP Average: $2,802,227.57
• Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
^Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

76)

41

8
33

74
34
40

0
7
33

31
2
23
3
3

27
7
9
4
1
0
6
0








•El
54
0
2
18
KJ]
22
1
2
2
1
2
0



100.00% 1

19.51%
80.49%

100.00% 1
45.95%
54.05%

0.00%
17.50%
82.50%

100.00% 1
6.45%
74.19%
9.68%
9.68%

100.00% 1
25.93%
33.33%
14.81%
3.70%
0.00%
22.23%
0.00%

$32,139,733.00 1
P •

$12,524,140.00

$19,615,593.00

I 100.00% 1
72.97%
0.00%
2.70%
24.33%
j 100.00% |
73.33%
3.33%
6.67%
6.67%
3.33%
6.67%
0.00%
                        A-12

-------
                              State/Territory—Arizona
              Removal
               41 Sites
                      Ongoing
                       19.5%
      Complete
       80.5%
No Further Action
    54.1%
                      Remedial
                       74 Sites
                                                        No Further Action
                                          Last Remedial Phase
                                                     1 PA/SI 6.5%
                                                                    Complete
                                                                    82.5%
                                   Complete
                                   Except
                                   Operations/
                                   Maintenance
                                   17.5%
                                                      RI/FS74.1%
                     RD 9.7%
                     RA 9.7%
          Removal and Remedial
                    74 Sites

                           Remedial Only
                              44.6%
           Removal & Remedial
                 55.4%
                      35%


                      30%


                      25%


                      20%


                      15%


                      10%


                      5%


                      0%
Predominant Remedies
      27 Occurrences


    33.4
                                                                                                22.2
                                                           On-Site    On-Site    Off-Site   Population Site Security
                                                           Treatment  Containment Containment Protection
  25
  20
i 15
I 10
     $441,051
                 State Costs
                    54 Sites
       $0-      $50k-    $100k-    $500k-  £$1,000,000
      49,999    99,999   499,999    999,999
                             Start and Completion Dates
                                                      20
                                                      15
                    u>
                    2
                    55
                                                              H— 63 Starts

                                                              I- - 35 Completions
                                                A-13
                         '80 '81 '82  '83 '84  '85 '86  '87 '88 '89  '90 '91  '92
                                            Year

-------
State/Territory—California
California stated that it had nearly 2,000
sites. The detailed information provided
was for 850 sites. One hundred thirty-
eight of the sites had both Removal and
Remedial  actions,  34 had only  Re-
moval actions, and 675 had only Reme-
dial actions.
  Twenty-nine of the 138 sites that had
both Removal and  Remedial actions
had Removal actions that  were Com-
plete and the Remedial actions that re-
quired No Further Action. For 14 of
the 34 sites that had only Removal ac-
tions, the actions were Complete. For
571 of the 675 sites that had only Re-
medial actions, the actions required
No Further Action.
  The Predominant Remedy was Site
Security, which was reported for all 28
Predominant Remedy occurrences.
  For the 223 sites  that reported State
cost, the total was $90,792,505 with a
per site average of $407,141. The re-
ported cost for 13 sites with only Re-
moval actions that were Complete was
$2,849,366. The reported  cost for 80
sites with only Remedial actions desig-
nated as  requiring No Further Action
was $10,908,703. The respective aver-
age  of   each  was  $219,182  and
$136,359.
  Enforcement was the   Primary
Funding source at  113 sites, followed
by the State at 32  sites, the Federal
Government at 14 sites and Volun-
tary/Property Transfer at 3 sites.
Data Display (Total Sites = 850)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 223 State Average: $407,141.28
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
172
20
152
813
213
600
451
24
125
95
45
32
13
5
28
0
0
0
0
0
28
0





162
32
14
113
3
100.00% I
11.63%
88.37%
100.00%
26.20%
73.80%
75.17%
4.00%
20.83%
100.00%
47.37%
33.68%
13.68%
5.26%
100.00% I
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
390,792,505.00
$90,792,505,00

$0.00

100.00%
19.75%
8.65%
69.75%
1.85%
^^••I^^^^^^^^M^HMM
| Duration of Response Actions 0 100.00%
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                  A-14

-------
                            State/Territory—California
            Removal
             172 Sites
                   Ongoing
                    11.6%
Complete
 88.4%
No Further Action
    73.8%
                               Remedial
                                813 Sites
                                                           No Further Action
                                                 Last Remedial Phase
                      Active
                      26.2%
                                                                       Complete
                                                                       20.8%
                                                                       Based on
                                                                       PA/SI or Rl
                                                                       75.2%
                                                                   ^m Complete
                                                                      Except
                                                                      Operations/
                                                                      Maintenance
                                                                      4.0%
                                                                                            PA/SI 47.4%
                                            RI/FS 33.7%


                                            RD13.6%
                                            RA 5.3%
          Removal and Remedial
                   847 Sites
                   _,. ,
       Removal & Remedial
            16.2%
                       Removal Only
               Remedial Only
                  79.8%
                        80%


                        70%


                        60%


                        50%


                        40%


                        30%


                        20%


                        10%


                         0%
                                                             State
                                      Primary Funding
                                           162 Sites
                                                                                  69.8
                                                                      Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
                                                                     Government           Property Transfer
                           100
                           80
                         S 60
                         CO
                         "o
                         0)
                         n
                         £ 40
                           20
                               $1,214,875
                                            State Costs
                                              223 Sites
                                               $20,612,973
                                 $0-
                                49,999
          $50k-
          99,999
$100k-    $500k-  >$1,000,000
499,999    999,999
                                                A-15

-------
State/Territory—Colorado
Colorado reported 1 1 sites; 6 were sites
with only Removal actions, 2 were sites
with only Remedial actions, and 3 were
i r« j-i
sites with both Removal and Remedial
actions. All of the sites with only Re-
medial actions were classified as Ac-
tive. All of the sites with only Removal
actions were classified Complete. The
3 sites with both Removal and Reme-
dial actions had Removal actions that
were Ongoing and had Remedial ac-
tions that were Active.
State cost of $3,200,000 was re-
ported for only one site with Active Re-
medial actions. The PRP cost for this
site was reported as Unknown.
Eight sites were started after 1986,
and five sites were completed in the 2-
year period of 1991 through 1992. The
average Duration of Response Actions
from start to completion is 3 months

and 10 days based on 3 sites.
Colorado does not maintain a data-
base to track cleanup activities, and a
thorough review of the files in each of
the agencies that perform or require
cleanup was not done for this survey
because of the large amount of time and
effort that it would have required.
Therefore, this data significantly under-
estimates the number of Remedial and
Removal activities that have been per-
formed.











Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal
Ongoing
Complete

• Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
State
Sites: 1 State Average: $3,200,000.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
• Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
• Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

11)
^•i^MB
9
A
5

•E
5
0'
O1
0
0'

5
0
2
3
0

12
4
2
2
0
1
1
2





2
0
0'
2
0
3
3
0
0
0
Cl
0
0


^^^^^^fm^mmmmm
100.00%
^mmm^f^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^m
44.44%
55.56%

100.00% I
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%

100.00% 1
0.00%
40.00%
60.00%
0.00%

100.00% 1
33.33%
16.67%
16.67%
0.00%
8.33%
8.33%
16.67%
$3,200,001X00 1
$3,200,000.00

$0.00

100.00% 1
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
100.00% I
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                       A-16

-------
                 State/Territory—Colorado
        Removal
         9 Sites
             Removal and Remedial
                      11 Sites
Complete
 55.6%
                Ongoing
                 44.4%
Removal & Remedial
     27.3%
                                                    100.0% Active
                                                       5 Sites
Remedial
  Only   Last Remedial Phase
 18.2%
                Removal Only
                   54.5%
                                                                    RI/FS 40.0%
                                                                    RD 60.0%
                         Predominant Remedies
                              12 Occurrences
                                                        16.7
                 On-Site    On-Site   Off-Site   Population Site Security Innovative
                Treatment Containment Containment Protection         Technology
                      Start and Completion Dates
                      •   9 Starts

                     •-•-- 5 Completions
                   '80 '81 '82 '83 '84  '85 '86 '87 '88  '89 '90 '91 '92
                                   Year
                                 A-17

-------
State/Territory—Connecticut
Connecticut reported 642 sites. All of the
sites had only Remedial actions, of which
91 required No Further Action. For the
sites that had Active actions, 551 reported
a Last Remedial Phase with PA/SI being
the most prevalent with 375 sites. In addi-
tion, there were 20 sites in the Last Reme-
dial Phase of RD/RA and 156 sites in the
Last Remedial Phase of RI/FS.
   A Primary Funding source was re-
ported at 242 sites, with Voluntary/Prop-
erty Transfer being reported for 161 of
those sites.
   From 1980 to  1986, the Connecticut
Department of Environmental Protection
investigated approximately 5,700 poten-
tial sites. Of these, 567 were found to be
hazardous waste disposal  sites requiring
Remedial  action;  the remaining 5,133
were classified as sites requiring No Fur-
ther Action. The sites requiring action
were placed on the Dynamic Inventory of
Hazardous Waste Disposal Sites (Inven-
tory).
   The State Superfund Law was adopted
in 1987 with 567 hazardous waste dis-
posal sites listed. Since that time, 75 ad-
ditional  sites have been  added to the
Inventory.  Because Connecticut screens
sites prior to listing on the Inventory, very
few of the sites that are Active are likely
to be classified as sites requiring No Fur-
ther Action prior to implementation of
Remedial measures.
   As of December 1992, 63 sites had
been fully remediated, and 28 sites were
in the post-remediation monitoring phase.
The Predominant Remedy reported was
Off-Site Treatment.
   Connecticut's remedial programs in-
clude  the  Property Transfer  Program
(1985), State Superfund Program (1987),
both  enforcement-driven  and  State-
funded actions, and the Urban Sites Re-
medial  Action Program. Connecticut did
not provide data in sufficient detail that
could be input to the database; therefore,
the data presented herein is not a part of
the State/Territory database.
    Data Display (Total Sites = 642)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD/RA
0
0
0
642
551
91
0
28
63
551
375
156
20
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
85.80%
14.20%
0.00%
30.80%
69.20%
100.00%
^^•^•^•••••^^^^^^M
68.06%
28.31%
3.63%
Predominant Remedies 0 0.00% 1
•^^^^^^^^^••••^^^^^^^^^^•n^^— ^^^^^^^^HIBV^^^^^^^K^^^^^^^^BIVMMB^^^^^^^^a^^^^^B
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
^••IMHPl^^^^H
0
0
0
0'
0'
0
0





242
C|
0
72
161

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
$0.00
$0.00

$0.00

100.00%
3.70%
0.00%
29.80%
66.50%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
A-18

-------
       State/Territory—Connecticut
No Further Action
    14.2%
                         Remedial
                          642 Sites
                        No Further Action     Last Remedial Phase
                  Active
                  85.8%
                                  Complete
                                  69.2%
Complete
Except
Operations/
Maintenance
30.8%
                                                    PA/SI 68.1%
RI/FS 28.3%

RD & RA 3.6%
         80%


         70%


         60%


         50%


         40%


         30%


         20%


         10%


         0%
                     Primary Funding
                         242 Sites
          66.5
                            Enforcement
                                          Voluntary/
                                        Property Transfer
                           A-19

-------
State/Territory—Delaware
Delaware reported 185 sites. One of the
sites had both Removal and Remedial
actions. Ten sites had  only Removal
actions. One hundred seventy-four sites
had only Remedial  actions. The site
with both Removal and Remedial ac-
tions was composed of Removal ac-
tions  that   were    Complete  and
Remedial actions that were  Active.
The Last Remedial Phase of these ac-
tions was RI/FS. The 10 sites with only
Removal actions were all in an Ongo-
ing status. The 83 sites with only Re-
medial actions were all in the  Active
status. The remaining 91 sites required
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI
orRI.
  The most prevalent Last Remedial
Phase was PA/SI with 78 of the 84 sites
that reported a Last Remedial Phase.
  A total of $1,255,500 was reported
for 18 sites, all of which was State cost.
All PRP cost was reported as unknown.
  The Federal Government was re-
ported as the Primary Funding source
with 91 sites, followed by Enforcement
with 75 sites and the State with 17 sites.
VomntaryNProperty Transfer was re-
ported for 2 sites.
  Five sites were started in the 2-year
period from 1991 through  1992. Dela-
ware also stated that 91  sites have a
completion time frame  of less than 24
months but  that specific start  and
completion dates for these sites were
not available in time to meet the sub-
mission time frame of the survey.
  Delaware has a Hazardous Substance
Cleanup Act "to accomplish effective
and expeditious cleanups to protect the
public health or welfare, or the environ-
ment."
Data Display (Total Sites = 185)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
^•••••(•^^^^^^^••••^^^^^^^^^•^•••^•^^^^^•^^^•^^^^^•^^••••^^•^^^•••^^^^^•^•••M
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 18 State Average: $69,750.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
11
10
1
175
84
91
91
0
0
84
78
5
1
0
0
^^^^•MMBB
0
0
0
0
0
0
0





185
17
91
75
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100.00% I
90.91%
9.09%
100.00%
•^^••^^^^•^^^•^^^^•^M
48.00%
52.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%n
92.86%
5.95%
1.19%
0.00%
100.00%
™^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^™
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
$1,255,500.00 I
$1,255,000.00

$0.00

100.00%
9.19%
49.19%
40.54%
1.08%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                  A-20

-------
                        State/Territory—Delaware
        Removal
         11 Sites
           Ongoing
           90.9%
Complete
  9.1%
No Further Action
    52.0%
                                        Active
                                        48.0%
                               Remedial
                                175 Sites
                                                               Last Remedial Phase
                                                        Based on
                                                        PA/SI of Rl
                                                        100.0%
                                                i^^^™

                                                t
                                                      PA/SI 92.9%
                                                      RI/FS 5.9%
                                                      RD1.2%
      Removal and Remedial
               185 Sites
   Removal & Remedial  Removal Only
          0.6%  _^__^  5.4%
         Remedial Only
            94.0%
                                                 50% i-
                                                 40%
                                                 30%
                                                 20%
                                                 10%
                                                 0%
                                        Primary Funding
                                             185 Sites
                                                                  49.2
                                                                            40.5
                                                       State
                                                                Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
                                                               Government          Property Transfer
                           10,-
                              $160,500
                                      State Costs
                                         18 Sites
                         03
                         o
                                $0-
                               49,999
                   $50k-
                   99,999
$100k-
499,999
$500k-
999,999
                                         A-21

-------
State/Territory—Florida
Florida reported 36 sites. All of these
sites had both Removal and Remedial
actions. At 21 of the sites the Removal
actions were designated Complete and
the Remedial actions required No Fur-
ther Action. The Predominant Rem-
edies reported were On-Site Treatment
with 18 occurrences and Off-Site Con-
tainment with 16 occurrences. In all,
40 Predominant Remedies were re-
ported.
  A Primary Funding source was re-
ported for 36 sites: the State with 35
sites and  the Federal Government
with 1 site.
  Twenty-five sites  had  State cost,
which totaled $12,184,849 for a per site
average of $487,394. The 21 sites with
both the Removal actions  Complete
and the Remedial actions requiring No
Further Action reported  cost that to-
taled $9,239,633 for a per site average
of $439,983.
  The first cleanup effort was in 1983
and was completed within 1 month. The
last completion occurred in 1992. The
range from start to completion encom-
passed from 1 to 83  months, with the
average Duration of Response Actions
having been 32 months.
  The data presented herein does not
include sites in Florida's Enforcement
Program.
Data Display (Total Sites = 36)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
36
15
21
36
13
23
2
6
15
100.00% I
41.67%
58.33%
100.00% 1
36.11%
63.89%
8.70%
26.09%
65.22%
Last Remedial Phase 15 100.00% 1
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
•••••••••••••••••^•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••^••••••••••••••••••••^•i
State
Sites: 25 State Average: $487,393.96
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
I Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
1
4
8
2
40
18
0
16
3
1
1
1

••••••••I




35
1
0
0
24
6
7
3
1
1
2
4
6.67%
26.67%
53.33%
13.33%
100.00% 1
45.00%
0.00%
40.00%
7.50%
2.50%
2.50%
2.50%
312,184,849.00 1
$12,184,849.00

$0.00

100.00% I
97.22%
2.78%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00% |
25.00%
29.17%
12.50%
4.17%
4.17%
8.32%
16.67%
                                                  A-22

-------
                                 State/Territory—Florida
                Removal
                 36 Sites
                                                         Remedial
                                                          36 Sites
                        Ongoing
                        41.7%
                                 No Further Action
                                    63.9%
       Complete
        53.3%
                                                         No Further Action
                                                    Active
                                                    36.1%
                                                                            Last Remedial Phase
                                                                                      ] PA/SI 6.7%

                                                                                       RI/FS 26.7%
                                                                      Complete
                                                                      65.2%
Based on
PA/SI or Rl
8.7%

Complete
Except
Operations/
Maintenance
26.1%
                                                                                         RD 53.3%
                                                                                       RA 13.3%
         Primary Funding
               36 Sites
 100%r
  80% -
  60% -
             97.2
                                                    50% ,_
                                                    40%
                                                    30%
                                                          45.0
                                                                  Predominant Remedies
                                                                       40 Occurrences
                                                                  40.0
  40% -
  20% -
                                                    20%
                                                    10%
            State
                           Federal
                          Government
                                                       On-Site    Off-Site    Off-Site  Population    Site    Innovative
                                                       Treatment Containment  Treatment  Protection   Security   Technology
10
                  State Costs
                     25 Sites
              $635,201
                                                               Start and Completion Dates
                                                          10 r-
•8

CD



I4
                                                                        •  36 Starts

                                                                      - -•- - 24 Completions
       $0-     $50k-    $100k-    $500k-  >$1,000,000
      49,999    99,999    499,999   999,999
                                                                                              '91  '92
                                                  A-23

-------
State/Territory—Illinois
Illinois reported 906 sites; 737 of the
sites had both Removal and Remedial
opt"! r\nc *y\ r\"F thp cifpc nun onlv U <*•
aULlUllS, £ij \JL lilt Mlto llaU \JlLiy JVC"
moval actions, and 103 of the sites had

only Remedial actions. Of the 840 to-
lal Remedial actions reported, 651
were designated as Active with RI/FS
as the Last Remedial Phase for 571 of
those Active actions. The prevalent
Predominant Remedy was Off-Site
Containment with 189 occurrences of
the 244 Predominant Remedy occur-
rences reported.
The Total Cost was $126,459,118,
with the State cost being $62,710,274
for 375 sites and PRP cost being

$63,748,844 for 138 sites. The average
per site PRP cost was $461,948, which
was $294,721 greater than the per site
average for State cost of $167,227.
A Primary Funding source was re-
ported for 863 of the 906 sites reporting
Primary Funding. Voluntary/Prop-
erty Transfer accounted for 613 of the
sites which reported a Primary Fund-
• f 11 A K *U C4- 4- °*U
ing source, roiiowca oy tnc state witn
137.
The average Duration of Response
Actions is 61 months and 21 days based
on 209 sites reporting start and comple-
. P ,«
tion dates tor response actions.













Data Display (Total Sites =

1 Removal

Ongoing
Complete

| Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

1 Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology

• Total Cost
State
Sites: 375 State Average: $167,227.40
PRP
Sites: 138 PRP Average: $461,948.14

| Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
H Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36^7 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

906)

760
•^^^^^^^•M
553
207

840
651
189

2
11
176

593
1
571
18
3

244
25
15
189
7
4
3
1







863
137
18
95
613
209
128
21
11
7
8
8



100.00% 1
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^™
72.76%
27.24%

100.00% 1
77.50%
22.50%

1.06%
5.82%
93.12%

100.00% 1
0.17%
96.28%
3.04%
0.51%

100.00% 1
10.25%
6.15%
77.45%
2.87%
1.64%
1.23%
0.41%

8126,459,118.00 1
$62,710,274.00

$63,748,844.00


100.00% |
15.87%
2.09%
11.01%
71.03%
100.00%
61.24%
10.05%
5.26%
3.35%
3.83%
3.83%
26 12.44%
                          A-24

-------
                                   State/Territory—Illinois
                  Removal
                  760 Sites
                                                               Remedial
                                                                840 Sites
                        Ongoing
                         72.8%
         Complete
          27.2%
                           No Further Action
                               22.5%
                                                      No Further Action
                                                                 | PA/SI &
                                                                  RA 0.7%
                                                        Last Remedial Phase
                                                        Active
                                                        77.5%
                                                                          RI/FS 96.3%
                                                                  RD 3.0%
                                                                                                Complete
                                                                                                93.1%
                                                                      Based on
                                                                      PA/SI or Rl
                                                                      1.1%
                                                                      Complete
                                                                      Except
                                                                      Operations/
                                                                      Maintenance
                                                                      5.8%
80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

 0%
15.9
       State
                 Primary Funding
                      863 Sites
                                 71.0
          Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
        Government            Property Transfer
                           80%

                           70%

                           60%

                           50%

                           40%

                           30%


                           20%

                           10%

                            0%
                                                            Predominant Remedies
                                                                  244 Occurrences
                                                                    77.5
                                                                                            1.2
                                                                                                     0.4
                                On-Site   On-Site   Off-Site   Off-Site   Population    Site    Innovative
                               Treatment Containment Containment Treatment  Protection   Security  Technology
   300
   250
      -$2,897,325
   200
   150
   100
    50
                    State Costs
                      375 Sites
          $o-
        49,999
          $50k-
          99,999
$100k-
499,999
$500k-  >$1,000,000
999,999
                                                     35


                                                     30


                                                     25
                                                   W 20
                                                   •5
                                                            Start and Completion Dates
                                          •   906 Starts

                                       ._(... 113 Completions
                                                                                             * 738 sites started
                                                                                              before 1980 and
                                                                                              1 site was completed.
'81  '82 '83  '84  '85  '86  '87  '88  '89 '90  '91  '92
                    Year
                                                     A-25

-------
State/Territory—Indiana
Indiana reported 79 sites; 4 were sites
with both Removal and Remedial ac-
tions, 41 were sites with only Removal


actions, 23 were sites with only Reme-
dial actions, and 1 1 were reported with-
out a status designation. These last sites
were approved, but work did not begin
as of December 31, 1992.
Of the 4 sites with both Removal and
Remedial actions, 1 site had the Re-

moval actions designated as Ongoing
and the Remedial actions designated as
Active. Twenty-one of the 23 sites with
only Remedial actions had the actions
designated as Active, and 26 of the sites
with only Removal actions had the ac-
tions designated as Ongoing.
Six sites with only Removal actions
that were Complete reported State cost
of $869,559 for a per site average of
$144,926. Total PRP cost of $1,000
was reported for 1 site. Total State cost
of $1,681,128 was reported for 10 sites.
The Predominant Remedies were
Off-Site Containment with 14 occur-
rences and Off-Site Treatment with 9
occurrences.
The first site was started in 1972. The
average Duration of Response Actions
for 15 sites reporting start and comple-
tion dates was 12 months and 15 days.













Data Display (Total Sites =

H Removal


Ongoing
Complete

H Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
State
Sites: 10 State Average: $168,112.80
PRP
Sites: 1 PRP Average: $1,000.00
• Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
f Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

79)

45
•••••

27
18

27
25
2

0
1
1

Ka
16
7
0
0

33
2
3
14
9
2
3
0





27
12
0
3
12
•a
10
2
1
2
0
0
0



100.00% I


60.00%
40.00%

100.00%
92.59%
7.41%

0.00%
50.00%
50.00%

^^^^^^^^^9
69.57%
30.43%
0.00%
0.00%

100.00% 1
I^MBHBMHBMMH^HH^^H^MBVBHi
6.06%
9.09%
42.43%
27.27%
6.06%
9.09%
0.00%
31,682,128.00 I
$1,681,128.00

$1,000.00

100.00% |
44.44%
0.00%
11.12%
44.44%
100.00% |
66.67%
13.33%
6.67%
13.33%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                         A-26

-------
      Removal
       45 Sites
                                 State/Territory—Indiana
                        Remedial
                         27 Sites
                          Removal and Remedial
                                    68 Sites
Complete
 60.0%
                40.0%
                Ongoing    No Further Action
                           7.4%
                                            No Further Action   Last Remedial Phase
                                                       Complete
                                                       50.0%
                                   Complete
                                   Except
                                   Operations/
                                   Maintenance
                                   50.0%
                                                    PA/SI
                                                    69.6%
                                                                   t
                                                            Removal & Remedial
                                                                 5.9%        Removal Only
                                                                              338%
                                                                 Remedial Only
                                                                    60.3%
                 Primary Funding
                      27 Sites
                                              Predominant Remedies
                                                    33 Occurrences
   50% r-
   40% -
   30% -
   20% -
   10% -
                                44.4
                                               50%
                                               40%
                                               30%
                                               20%
                                               10%
                                                0%
                                                                       42.4
             State
Enforcement   Voluntary/
        Property Transfer
 On-Site     On-Site    Off-Site    Off-Site   Population    Site
Treatment  Containment Containment  Treatment  Protection   Security
                   State Costs
                      10 Sites
                                            Start and Completion Dates
                                   $1,614,433
                         $50k-
                        99,999
                $100k-
                499,999
                                                     0
   Before '80  '81 '82  '83 '84  '85 '86  '87 '88  '89 '90  '91  '92
    '80
                          Year
                                                  A-27

-------
State/Territory—Kansas
Kansas reported 183 sites. Sixty-six
were sites with both Removal and Re-
TYiAflidl nptinnc 1 \x7iic ci dtp \x/itH fvtilv
iiicuicti aciiuiia, i wda a MIC wiui umy
Removal actions and 116 were sites
with only Remedial actions. Two of the
66 sites with both Removal and Reme-
dial actions had Removal actions that
were Complete and Remedial actions
that required No Further Action. The
1 site with only Removal actions des-
ignated the actions as Ongoing, and all
but one of the 116 sites with only Re-
medial actions designated those actions
as Active.
Predominant Remedies had 106 re-

ported occurrences. The most prevalent
was On-Site Treatment with 81 of the
106 reported occurrences.
Total Cost of $33,053,000 had been
reported for 16 sites. State cost for 2 of
the sites was $167,000, and PRP cost

for the other 14 sites was $32,886,000.
Enforcement was the Primary
Funding source for 96 sites, followed
by Voluntary/Property Transfer for
45 sites, the Federal Government for
25 sites, and the State for 17 sites.
Seventeen sites were started prior to
1986, and 166 were started in the period
1986 through 1992.














Data Display (Total Sites =

| Removal

Ongoing
Complete

| Remedial
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^"^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^™^^^™^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^™^^^^^^^^^
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

| Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

1 Predominant Remedies
^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^••••••••••^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•••••••••••••••••1
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
| Total Cost
State
Sites: 2 State Average: $83,500.00
PRP
Sites: 14 PRP Average: $2,349,000.00
| Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
(Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36^7 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 7 1 Months

183)

67

62
5

182
179
3
1
2
0

179
87
42
21
29

106
81
12
5
0
4
1
3





183
^^^^^^^^^^^
17
25
96
45
^^^D
0
0
0
0
0
0
0



100.00% I
•^••••••••••••^^•^^•^•^^^^^
92.54%
7.46%

100.00% |
•••^^•••••••••••••••••••H
98.35%
1.65%
33.33%
66.67%
0.00%

100.00% I
48.61%
23.46%
11.73%
16.20%

100.00% |
••••••••^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^B
76.42%
11.32%
4.72%
0.00%
3.77%
0.94%
2.83%
533,053,000.00 |
$167,000.00

$32,886,000.00

100.00% |
•^^•••••••^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^H
9.29%
13.66%
52.46%
24.59%
100.00% |
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                        A-28

-------
                                State/Territory—Kansas
   Removal
    67 Sites
Remedial
 182 Sites
             Removal and Remedial
                     183 Sites
                    No Further Action
                        1.7%
                                         No Further Action  Last Remedial Phase
                                                    Based on
                                                    PA/SI or Rl
                                                    33.3%
                                                    Complete
                                                    Except
                                                    Operations/
                                                    Maintenance
                                                    66.7%
                        PA/SI 48.6%
                        RI/FS 23.5%
                                  Removal & Remedial
                                      36.1%
60% r-
50% -
40% -
30% -
20% -
10% -
               Primary Funding
                     183 Sites
                          52.4
      80% ,-
                                                 70%
                                                 60%
                                                 50%
                                                 40%
            76.4
                                                 30%
                                                 20%
                                                 10%
Predominant Remedies
     106 Occurrences
       State
               Federal    Enforcement  Voluntary/
              Government          Property Transfer
           On-Site    On-Site    Off-Site   Population    Site    Innovative
          Treatment  Containment Containment  Protection   Security  Technology
                                              State Costs
                                                 2 Sites
                                1 ._
                                        $55,000
                                                           $112,000
                                         $50k-
                                        99,999
                $100k-
                499,999
                                                 A-29

-------
State/Territory—Louisiana
Louisiana reported 101 sites. Ten of the
sites had only Removal actions and 90
f\f fVip citAc nun nnlv Rf*mc*ni£il siptirtnc
Ul lilt Mlta lldU \Jlliy XVClllCUlcIl OV11U113,
XT £ il_ "*. t_ J 1_ J.L. T* 1 J
None of the sites had both Removal and

Remedial actions. Five of the 10 sites
with only Removal actions designated
those actions as Ongoing and 69 of the
90 of the sites with only Remedial ac-
tions designated those actions as Ac-
tive. The prevalent Last Remedial
Phase was PA/SI with 55 sites out of
the 66 sites that reported a Last Reme-
dial Phase.
The most prevalent Predominant
Remedy was Off-Site Containment
with 22 occurrences.

State cost was reported for 24 sites
for a total of $985,483 with an average
of $41,062 per site. For the 13 construc-
tion completion sites that reported cost,
the average was $6,489 per site.
Voluntary/Property Transfer ac-
counted for 63 of the 93 sites with a
Primary Funding source.
The average Duration of Response
A rfitiftnc frti* thp *? ^ citpc \x/itn cturt unH
r\lllUI13 1U1 lilt ^.J olltd W1L11 3 loll a.1111
completion dates was 30 months and 5
days, with a range from 1 month to 88
months.
Louisiana has environmental quality
1 * 1 *' A A ' 1 QQO U ' W U
legislation, amendec in iw^, wnicn nas
regulations controlling hazardous waste
actions within the State.











Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal

Ongoing
Complete

B Remedial
^^^^^^^^^^^•^•••^^^•^^^^••••^^^^^^^^^^••••i^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^HHBM^^^B^^MI^H
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

H Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
IV LJ
RA

H Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology

• Total Cost
••^^•^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^••••^^•^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^•••••i^^^^^^^^^KHIH^^^^H
State
Sites: 24 State Average: $41,061.79
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00

• Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
| Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

101)

10

5
5

^B^l
69
21

0
2
19

66
55
10
1
0

41
4
9
22
3
0
3
0







H^H^HBSKflH
13
4
13
63
•Bl
5
2
6
7
1
1
1



100.00%

50.00%
50.00%

Hj^^H^^^^I
76.67%
23.33%

0.00%
9.52%
90.48%

100.00%
83.33%
15.15%
1 52%
1 . *JZ< /(J
0.00%

100.00%
9.76%
21.95%
53.66%
7.32%
0.00%
7.32%
0.00%

$985,483.00 I
$985,483.00

$0.00


100.00%
13.98%
4.30%
13.98%
67.74%
100.00% |
21.73%
8.70%
26.09%
30.43%
4.35%
4.35%
4.35%
                        A-30

-------
                         State/Territory—Louisiana
             Removal
              10 Sites
                     Ongoing
                      50.0%
         Complete
          50.0%
           No Further Action
               23.3%
                                  Remedial
                                    90 Sites
                                                    No Further Action    Last Remedial Phase
                                                               Complete
                                                               90.5%
                                             Complete
                                             Except
                                             Operations/
                                             Maintenance
                                             9.5%
                                                                           t
                                                              PA/SI 83.3%
                                                                                 RI/FS15.2%
                                                                                |RD1.5%
 80% ,-


 70%


 60%


 50%


 40%


 30%


 20%


 10%


 0%
          Primary Funding
                93 Sites
             67.7
                                  60%
                                  50%
                                  40%
                                  30%
                                  20%
                                  10%
                                   0%
                                           Predominant Remedies
                                                 41 Occurrences
                                                        53.7
      State     Federal   Enforcement  Voluntary/
            Government         Properly Transfer
                                       On-Site   On-Site   Off-Site   Off-Site     Site
                                      Treatment Containment Containment Treatment  Security
20,-
15
10
             State Costs
                24 Sites
      $97,828
       $0-
      24,999
$25k-
49,999
>$150,000
                                                     15
                                                     12
                                                    01
                                                    0)
                                                    0)
                                                    .a
                                                    E 6
                                        Start and Completion Dates

                                          m   28 Starts
                                        - 4. - 23 Completions
                           '84   '85  '86  '87   '88  '89   '90  '91   '92
                                             Year
                                             A-31

-------
State/Territory—Maine
Maine reported 70 sites. Twenty-eight
of the sites had both Removal and Re-
medial actions, 7 had only Removal
actions and 35 had only Remedial Ac-
tions. Two of the sites with both Re-
moval and  Remedial actions  desig-
nated the  Removal actions as  Com-
plete and  the Remedial actions as re-
quiring No Further Action. Six of the
7 sites with only Removal actions des-
ignated those actions as Complete and
9 of the 35 sites with only Remedial ac-
tions designated those actions as requir-
ing No Further Action.
  Seventeen of the sites with only Re-
medial actions that were Active had a
Last Remedial Phase of PA/SI. Four-
teen of the sites with both Removal ac-
tions that were Ongoing and Remedial
actions that were Active also had a Last
Remedial Phase of PA/SI.
  The Predominant Remedies  were
Off-Site Treatment  with 11 occur-
rences and On-Site Treatment with 10
occurrences.
  The Total Cost for  29 sites  was
$3,337,516,  shared by State cost of
$2,602,516 for all 29 sites and PRP cost
of $735,000  at 2 of the 29 sites.
  The average Duration of Response
Actions was 54 months and 13 days
based upon 34 sites reporting start and
completion dates. Twelve sites had a
Duration  of Response Actions of Less
Than 12 Months.
Data Display (Total Sites = 70)
1 Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 29 State Average: $89,741.93
PRP
Sites: 2 PRP Average: $367,500.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
HI
10
25
63
51
12
3
7
2
45
32
9
2
2
47
10
7
8
11
7
4
0




39
13
6
7
13
34
12
6
5
5
3
1
2
! QO.00%
28.57%
71.43%
100.00%
80.95%
19.05%
25.00%
58.33%
16.67%
100.00%
71.12%
20.00%
4.44%
4.44%
100.00%
21.28%
14.89%
17.03%
23.40%
14.89%
8.51%
0.00%
83,337,516.00 |
$2.602,516.00
$735,000.00

100.00%
33.33%
15.39%
17.95%
33.33%
100.00%
35.29%
17.65%
14.71%
14.71%
8.82%
2.94%
5.88%
                                                  A-32

-------
                              State/Territory—Maine
   Removal
    35 Sites
                    No Further Action
                        19.1%
                                       Remedial
                                        63 Sites
                                      No Further Action   Last Remedial Phase
                                                   Complete
                                                   16.7%

                                                   Based on
                                                   PA/SI or Rl
                                                   25.0%
                                                    Complete
                                                    Except
                                                    Operations/
                                                    Maintenance
                                                    58.3%
                                                               t
                                                                  PA/SI 71.2%
                                                                  RI/FS 20 0%
                                                                    RD 4.4%
                                                                    RA 4 4%
                                            Removal and Remedial
                                                      70 Sites
                                            Removal* Remedial
                                                 40.0%
                                                                                           Remedial Only
                                                                                              50.0%
             Primary Funding
                  39 Sites
                                                              Predominant Remedies
                                                                    47 Occurrences
  35


  30


  25


  20


  15


  10


   5


   0
  r  33.3
                                 333
                                               25%
                                               20%
                                               15%
                                               10%
                                                5%
                                                0%
                                                                              23.4
                                                     21.3
       State
             Federal   Enforcement  Voluntary/
            Government         Property Transfer
                    On-Site    On-Site   Off-Site    Off-Site   Population    Site
                   Treatment  Containment Containment Treatment  Protection   Security
  20
  15
OT
"o

-------
 State/Territory—Maryland
Maryland reported 378 sites. Thirty of
these sites had both Removal and Re-
medial actions.  The remaining  348
sites  had only  Remedial actions.
Twenty-six of the sites had Removal
actions that were Complete and 212 of
the sites had Remedial actions that re-
quired No Further Action. One of the
sites in the No Further Action designa-
tion is a construction completion. All
completed actions were as of December
31, 1992.
  The most prevalent Predominant
Remedies were Off-Site Containment
with 70 occurrences and On-Site Con-
tainment  with 62 occurrences. The to-
tal number of Predominant Remedies
reported was 163.
  The Total   Cost  reported   was
$2,036,816. State cost accounted for
$619,750  with 8  sites, and  PRP cost
accounted for $1,417,066 with 6 sites.
One site had a PRP cost of $875,000.
  A Primary Funding source was re-
ported for 71 sites, with Enforcement
at 34 sites, the Federal Government at
19, Voluntary/Property Transfer at
13, and the State at 5.
  Two sites were completed prior to
1980. Thirty-one sites had Duration of
Response Actions  of Less Than 12
Months. The average Duration  of Re-
sponse Actions was 6 months and 10
days based on the 40 sites that reported
start and completion dates.
  Maryland has Hazardous Materials
and Hazardous Substances Regulations
that permit cost recovery and provide
for community awareness.
Data Display (Total Sites = 378)
Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial °
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 8 State Average: $77,468.75
PRP
Sites: 6 PRP Average: $236,177.67
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
K3
4
26
378
166
212
211
1
0
•a
40
3
0
0
163
16
62
70
0
1
14
0





71
5
19
34
13
40
31
8
1
0
0
0
0
100.OQ% I
13.33%
86.67%
100.00% I
43.92%
56.08%
99.53%
0.47%
0.00%
100.00% 1
93.02%
6.98%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00% 1
9.82%
38.04%
42.94%
0.00%
0.61%
8.59%
0.00%
32,036,816.00 1
$619,750.00

$1,417,066.00

100.00% 1
7.04%
26.76%
47.89%
18.31%
100.00% 1
77.50%
20.00%
2.50%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                 A-34

-------
                             State/Territory—Maryland
                   Removal
                     30 Sites
                           Ongoing
                            13.3%
            Complete^.
             86 7%
             No Further Action
                 56.1%
                                       Remedial
                                        378 Sites
                                                          No Further Action   Last Remedial Phase
                                                                     Complete
                                                                     99.5%
                                                                     Complete
                                                                     Except
                                                                     Operations/
                                                                     Maintenance
                                                                     0.5%
                                                          t
                                                               PA/SI 93.0%
                                                              IRI/FS 7.0%
 50%
 40%
 30%
 20%
 10%
  0%
              Primary Funding
                    71 Sites
                          47.9
       State      Federal    Enforcement  Voluntary/
              Government          Property Transfer
                                                  50%
                                                  40%
                                                  30%
                                                  20%
                                                  10%
                                                   0%
                                        Predominant Remedies
                                              163 Occurrences
                                                                             43.0
                                                                   38.0
                                 On-Site     On-Site     Off-Site    Population
                                Treatment  Containment Containment   Protection
                                                           Site
                                                          Security
-D
        $70,621
          $0-
         49,999
                  State Costs
                      8 Sites
$50k-
99,999
$100k-
499,999
                                       Start and Completion Dates
                                                                                         40 Starts

                                                                                         47 Completions
Before'81  '82 '83  '84  '85 '86  '87 '88 '89  '90 '91  '92
  '80                  Year
                                                A-35

-------
State/Territory—Massachusetts
Massachusetts reported 3,089 sites. All of
these sites had both Removal and Remedial
actions. Four hundred twenty of the sites
had Removal actions that were Complete,
and 536 of the sites had Remedial actions
that required No Further Action. Of the
2,553 sites with Active Remedial actions
that reported a Last Remedial Phase, 1,522
were RI/FS, 929 were PA/SI, 110 were RA,
and 64 were RD.
  For sites with Removal actions that were
Complete  or  Remedial actions that  re-
quired No  Further Action, the prevalent
Predominant Remedies were   Off-Site
Containment with  257 occurrences and
On-Site Containment with 102 occur-
rences.
  State cost was reported for 33 sites for a
total of $2,553,857. Thirty-one of these sites
had cost less than $50,000 per site.
  Although there was no PRP cost reported
and the Primary Funding source was re-
ported as Voluntary/Property Transfer for
523 of the 550 sites, this result is somewhat
misleading. The  Enforcement and Volun-
tary/Property Transfer categories should
be combined to account for 95% of the Pri-
mary Funding. This is because the Massa-
chusetts Superfund Law has strict joint and
severe  liability,  driving  Voluntary  and
Property Transfer activities because of the
threat of successful enforcement.
  Three hundred and ninety-one sites were
started and completed. Thirty-four sites
were started prior to 1986, and 441 sites
were started in 1986 or later. All completed
actions occurred after 1986.
  The Massachusetts Superfund Law en-
acted in 1983 and amended in July 1992
gave the Department of Environmental Pro-
tection the task of  ensuring  permanent
cleanup of oil and hazardous materials re-
leases, defined  who is legally responsible
for assessment  and cleanup, and required
them to either perform cleanups themselves
or reimburse the State for doing so. Newly
promulgated regulations in the Massachu-
setts Contingency Plan contain a push for
faster  and  more streamlined  voluntary
cleanups through the use of Licensed Site
Professionals. This new program is intended
to use government  resources  more effi-
ciently to address a large number of sites.
      Data Display (Total Sites = 3,089)
1 Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 33 State Average: $77,389.61
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary /Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
3,089
2,669
420
3,689
2,553
536
157
28
351
2,625
929
1,522
64
110
3J83
24
102
257
0
0
0
0





550
27
0
0
523
391
169
118
46
22
10
13
13
100.00o/o I
86.40%
13.60%
100.00%
82.65%
17.35%
29.29%
5.22%
65.49%
100.00% I
35.39%
57.98%
2.44%
4.19%
100.00% I
6.27%
26.63%
67.10%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
82,553,857.00 1
$2,553,857.00

$0.00

100.00%
4.91%
0.00%
0.00%
95.09%
100.00%
43.22%
30.18%
11.76%
5.64%
2.56%
3.32%
3.32%
A-36

-------
                       State/Territory—Massachusetts
           Removal
           3,089 Sites
                    Ongoing
                     86.4%
       Complete
         13.6%
                       No Further Action
                           17.3%
                                                  Remedial
                                                  3,089 Sites
                        No Further Action
                                                                   Last Remedial Phase
                                                  Active
                                                  82.7%
                                                                   Complete
                                                                   65.5%
                                                            Based on
                                                            PA/SI or Rl
                                                            29.3%
                                                            Complete
                                                            Except
                                                            Operations/
                                                            Maintenance
                                                            5.2%
                                                                                       PA/SI 35.4%
                                                                                       RI/FS 58.0%
                                                       RD 2.4%
                                                       RA 4.2%
              Primary Funding
    100%
    80%
    60%
    40%
    20%
     0%
                   550 Sites
                               95.1
                                                80%


                                                70%


                                                60%


                                                50%


                                                40%


                                                30%


                                                20%


                                                10%


                                                 0%
                               Predominant Remedies
                                    383 Occurrences


                                                       67.1
                             Voluntary/
                           Property Transfer
                                                       On-Site
                                                      Treatment
                                          On-Site
                                         Containment
 Off-Site
Containment
  35


  30


  25
w

W 20
"o

| 15

z

  10


   5


   0
                State Costs
                   33 Sites
$180,547
          $0-
        49,999
             $58,003
              $50k-
              99,999
$2,315,307
>$1,000,000
                  250



                  200


               CO

               W  150

               •5


               e  100
               3
               z


                  50
                                                     Start and Completion Dates
                                                   •   475 Starts
                                                 -_C-_ 517 Completions
                    Before '80  '81 '82  '83 '84 '85  '86 '87  '88  '89 '90  '91  '92
                                                     '80
                                                                           Year
                                               A-37

-------
State/Territory—Michigan
Michigan reported 2,662 sites, of which
1,927 had both Removal and Remedial
actions and 735 had only Remedial ac-

tions. There were no sites that had only
Removal actions. All of the sites with
only Remedial actions are designated
as No Further Action Based on PA/SI
or RL Three hundred forty-three of the
sites with both Removal and Remedial
actions were designated as construction
completions.
RI/FS was reported as the Last Re-
medial Phase for 1,701 of the 1,713
sites reporting a Last Remedial Phase.
Total Cost was reported for 496
sites, in the amount of $159,226,582.

All reported cost was State cost. For the
254 sites reporting cost under $50,000
per site, the average cost was $13,455.
One thousand seven hundred ninety-
six sites reported a Primary Funding
source, of which 1,353 reported En-
forcement and 443 reported the State.
Michigan has enacted and amended
environmental acts dating back to 1929.
The acts passed or amended since 1979
include regulations for the manage-
ment, evaluation, and cleanup of haz-
ardous waste. Michigan also publishes
a yearly listing of environmental con-
tainment sites within the State.













Data Display (Total Sites =

H Removal
^^^^^^^••^^^^^••^^^^^^••^^^^^•i^^^BHi^^^B^HBB^^HHB^^^^MH^^MHfl^^^HBi^^^Ma^
Ongoing
Complete

H Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI

2,662)

1,927
1,584
343

2,662
1,584
1,078
735
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint. 29
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

H Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
State
Sites: 496 State Average: $321,021.33
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
• Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
| Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
314

1,713
0
1,701
2
10

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0



100.00% I
^••^•^••^^^••^H
82.20%
17.80%

100.00% 1
59.50%
40.50%
68.18%
2.69%
29.13%

100.00% 1
0.00%
99.30%
0.12%
0.58%

100.00% 1
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
$139,226,582.00 1
$159



1,796
443
0
1,353
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
,226,582.00

$0.00

100.00% 1
24.68%
0.00%
75.32%
0.00%
100.00% |
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                        A-38

-------
                   State/Territory—Michigan
    Removal
    1,927 Sites
Remedial
2,662 Sites
Complete
 17.8%
             Ongoing    No Further Action
              82.2%         40.5%
                                             No Further Action     Last Remedial Phase
                                                        Complete
                                                        29.1%
                                         Active
                                         59.5%
                                                        Based on
                                                        PA/SI or Rl
                                                        68.2%
         Complete
         Except
         Operations/
         Maintenance
         2.7%
                                                                          RI/FS 99.3%
RD&RA
less than 1.0%
Removal and Remedial
        2,662 Sites
           Primary Funding
               1,796 Sites
 Remedial Only
    27.6%
          Removal & Remedial
                72.4%
                 300
                 250
                Si
                w

                °150
                  100
                  50
                     $3,417,595









State Costs
496 Sites
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

                                                                            75.3
                                                          State
                                                                         Enforcement
                                           $34.378,326 $93,586,460
                       $0-     $50k-   $100k-    $500k- >$1,000,000
                      49,999    99,999   499,999  999,999
                                      A-39

-------
State/Territory—Minnesota
Minnesota reported 414 sites, of which
36 had both Removal and Remedial
actions 6 had only Removal actions


and joj had only Kemedial actions.
Four of the 6 sites with only Removal
actions were Complete. Eighty-six of
the 365 sites with only Remedial ac-
tions were designated as requiring No
Further Action.
The prevalent Last Remedial Phase
for the sites with Remedial actions that
were Active was PA/SI with 117, fol-
lowed by RI/FS with 95, RD with 60,
and RA with 16.
The Predominant Remedies were
On-Site Containment with 114 occur-

rences and On-Site Treatment with 83
occurrences.
Total Cost was $92,525,000 and was
segmented as State cost of $1 1,353,000
for 89 sites and PRP cost of

$81,172,000 for 89 sites.
Voluntary/Property Transfer was
the Primary Funding source at 220
sites.
Thirty-nine of the sites had a Dura-
tion of Response Actions of Less Than
12 Months, with the first site started
and completed in 1978. Eighteen sites
were started in 1992 and 1 1 were com-
pleted in that year.
In 1983, Minnesota passed an Envi-
ronmental Response and Liability Act,
which permits the State to spend funds
to investigate and clean up hazardous
substances.








Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal


Ongoing
Complete

• Remedial
l^^^^^B^M^^^^^MBH^^^B^H^H^^^^^HM^^^^BM^^^^^^m^^H^^HI^^^^MH^^^H^^MI^^^^^BH
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

1 Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
State
Sites: 89 State Average: $127,561.80
PRP
Sites: 89 PRP Average: $912,044.94
1 Primary Funding
^^^^^•M^^^^^^^^^^^HB^^^^^^^^^H*MM1^^^^^H^^^HMB^^^^H^^^^H*I^^^^^~^^^B>B^^^H
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
• Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

414)


I^^HHM

11
31

401
293
108
56
35
17

288
117
95
60
16

297
83
114
45
27
17
10
1





343
61
6
56
220
jj^^j]
39
13
14
9
2
0
3



1 100.00% 1


26.19%
73.81%

100.00% 1
73.07%
26.93%
51.85%
32.41%
15.74%

: 100.00% I
40.62%
32.99%
20.83%
5.56%

; 100.00% I
27.95%
38.38%
15.15%
9.09%
5.72%
3.37%
0.34%
$92.525,000.00 1
$11,353,000.00

$81,172,000.00

100.00% 1
17.78%
1.75%
16.33%
64.14%
100.00% |
48.75%
16.25%
17.50%
11.25%
2.50%
0.00%
3.75%

-------
                              State/Territory—Minnesota
      Removal
       42 Sites
                                                Remedial
                                                 401 Sites
                                Removal and Remedial
                                         407 Sites
Complete^ii^
 73.8%
              Ongoing
               26.2%
                         No Further Action
                            26.9%
                                              No Further Action   Last Remedial Phase
                                              Removal Only
                                  Removal & Remedial   1 5%
                                       8.8%     ~~
                                                         Complete
                                                         15.7%
                                                         Based on
                                                         PA/SI or Rl
                                                         51.9%
                                                         Complete
                                                         Except
                                                         Operations/
                                                         Maintenance
                                                         32.4%
                                                                           PA/SI 40.6%
                                                                           RI/FS 33.0%
                                                                                                Remedial Only
                                                                                                  89.7%
               Primary Funding
                     343 Sites
                                                                  Predominant Remedies
                                                                        297 Occurrences
80%


70%

60%


50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

 0%
                                        64.1
40%


35%


30%


25%


20%


15%


10%


 5%

 0%
                                                                  38.4
       State
                 Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
                Government           Property Transfer
     On-Site   On-Site   Off-Site    Off-Site   Population    Site    Innovative
    Treatment Containment Containment Treatment  Protection  Security   Technolog
    80


    70


    60
   50
 CO
 .o
   30


   20


   10


    0
      $985,000
                  State Costs
                     89 Sites
         $0-     $50k-    $100k-   $500k- >$1,000,000
        49,999    99,999  499,999   999,999
                                                          20
                                                          15
                                                         CO
                                                         "5 .
                                                         5

                                                         E
                                                                  Start and Completion Dates
                                                                     • 79 Starts

                                                                     • 51 Completions
                                                           Before'80 '81 '82 '83  '84 '85 '86 '87 '88  '89 '90 '91 '92
                                                             '80
                                                                                 Year
                                                   A-41

-------
State/Territory—Mississippi
Mississippi reported 110 sites. Twelve
of these sites had both Removal and
Remedial actions, 5 had only Removal
actions and 93 had only Remedial ac-
tions. Two of the sites with both Re-
moval and Remedial actions had the
Removal  actions designated as Com-
plete and the Remedial actions desig-
nated as requiring No Further Action.
For the remaining 10 sites with both
Removal and Remedial actions, all the
Removal   actions  were  designated
Complete and all of the Remedial ac-
tions were designated Active. All 5
sites with only Removal actions were
Complete (i.e., the Removal actions
were Complete). Fourteen of the 93
sites with only Remedial actions were
designated as requiring  No  Further
Action.
  The Predominant Remedies were
Off-Site Containment with 22 occur-
rences and On-Site Treatment with 13
occurrences.
  For the sites with Remedial actions
that were  Active, the most prevalent
Last Remedial Phase was RI/FS with
49 of the 89 sites that reported a Last
Remedial Phase, followed by PA/SI
with 25 sites, RA with 11 sites and RD
with 4 sites.
  Enforcement was the prevalent Pri-
mary Funding source with 108 of the
110 sites that reported a   Primary
Funding source.  The remaining 2 sites
had reported the Federal Government
as the Primary Funding source.
   Twenty-four of the sites had reported
a Duration of Response Actions with
a range from Less Than 12 Months to
More Than 71 Months. The average
Duration  of Response Actions for
these  24  sites was 31 months and  8
days.
Data Display (Total Sites = 110)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
^^^^^••^^^^^^••^^^^^^^M^^^^^^HI^^^^^^BHI^^^^^^^IV^^^^^BVBi^^H^H^^^^^BB^^^^^MH
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^•^••^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^•^^^^•^^^^^^•^•••^^^^^^•^^^^^^^•IB^
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
^^^•^^^^^^^^^^••••^^^^^^^^•^^nB^^^^^^^^^— ^^WBI^^^^^^B^-^B^^^— ^^^MB^— ^^^^^
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
1 Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
17
0
17
105
^^MMi^^H^HI^H
89
16
8
5
3
89
25
49
4
11
47
13
5
22
3
1
2
1





110
0
2
108
0
KM
3
5
3
11
0
0
2
100.00% 1
0.00%
100.00%
100.00% 1
^^^••^^^^^••^^^^H
84.76%
15.24%
50.00%
31.25%
18.75%
100.00% 1
28.09%
55.06%
4.49%
12.36%
100.00% 1
27.66%
10.64%
46.80%
6.38%
2.13%
4.26%
2.13%
SO.OO 1
$0.00

$0.00

100.00% 1
0.00%
1.82%
98.18%
0.00%
100.00% I
12.50%
20.83%
12.50%
45.84%
0.00%
0.00%
8.33%
                                                 A-42

-------
                            State/Territory—Mississippi
No Further Action
    15.2%
                          Remedial
                           105 Sites
  No Further Action
Last Remedial Phase
     Removal and Remedial
             110 Sites
                  Removal Only
                      45%
Removal & Remedial (A)| Complete)
       I I .U /O
                     Active
                     84.8%
                                       Complete
                                       18.7%
                                       Based on
                                       PA/SI or Rl
                                       50.0%
             Complete
             Except
             Operations/
             Maintenance
             31.3%
                                  PA/SI 28.1%
                                                            RI/FS55.1%
             RD 4.5%
             RA 12.3%
                                                                               Remedial Only
                                                                                   84.5%
            Primary Funding
                 110 Sites
                                   Predominant Remedies
                                         47 Occurrences
100%,-
 80%
 60%
 40%
 20%
  0%
                             98.2
            1.8
          Federal
         Government
Enforcement
                                             50%
                                             40%
                                             30%
                                             20%
                                             10%
                                              0%
                                                —  27.7
                                                                 46.8
  On-Site   On-Site    Off-Site   Off-Site   Population    Site   Innovative
 Treatment Containment Containment Treatment  Protection   Security  Technology

-------
State/Territory—Missouri
Missouri reported 44 sites, which con-
sisted of 23 sites with only Removal
actions and 21 sites with only Remedial
actions. All of the Removal actions
were Complete and 10 of the Remedial
actions were designated as All Reme-
dial Action Complete Except Opera-
tions/Maintenance.
  The prevalent Last Remedial Phase
for the 11 Remedial actions that were
Active was RI/FS with 6 sites.
  The Predominant  Remedies were
Off-Site Containment with 29  occur-
rences and Site Security with 11 occur-
rences.
  PRP cost was reported for 5 sites, of
which 2 were sites had only Removal
actions that were Complete. The total
for these 2 sites was $7,500,000. State
cost of $28,000 was reported for 2 other
sites with only Removal actions that
were Complete. The  Total Cost re-
ported was $11,218,000:  PRP cost
with $11,090,000 and State cost with
$128,000.
  The Primary Funding source was
Enforcement with 35 sites.
  Twenty-three sites had a Duration of
Response Actions of 2 years or less.
The average  Duration  of Response
Actions was 20 months and 24 days for
the  34 sites that reported start and
completion dates. Prior to 1986, 10 sites
were started, and 8 sites were com-
pleted.
Data Display (Total Sites = 44)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
•H
0
23
21
11
10
0
10
0
10
1
6
3
0
100.00%
0.00%
100.00%
100.00% I
52.38%
47.62%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
100.00% I
10.00%
60.00%
30.00%
0.00%
Predominant Remedies 56 100.00% 1
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 3 State Average: $42,666.67
PRP
Sites: 5 PRP Average: $2,218,000.00
^••^^^H
7
7
29
2
0
11
0





12.50%
12.50%
51.79%
3.57%
0.00%
19.64%
0.00%
511,218,000.00 1
$128,000.00

$11,090,000.00

Primary Funding 42 100.00%
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
| Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
2
1
35
4
34
13
10
5
2
2
1
1
4.76%
2.39%
83.33%
9.52%
100.00% |
38.24%
29.41%
14.71%
5.88%
5.88%
2.94%
2.94%
                                                 A-44

-------
                            State/Territory—Missouri
                       Remedial
                        21 Sites
                                             Removal and Remedial
                                                       44 Sites
No Further Action
    47.6%
                          No Further Action
                    Active
                    52.4%
               Last Remedial Phase

                          I PA/SI 10.0%
                                      Complete
                                      Except
                                      Operations/
                                      Maintenance
                                      100.0%
                           RI/FS 60.0%
                           RD 30.0%
                                                                               Remedial Only
                                                                                  47.7%
                                   Removal Only
                                   (All Complete)
                                      52.3%
             Primary Funding
                  42 Sites
 100%
  80%
  60%
  40%
  20%
   0%
                          83.3
                                 Predominant Remedies
                                       56 Occurrences
                                                     60%
                                                     50%
                                                     40%
                                                     30%
                                                     20%
                                                     10%
                                                      0%
                                                                           51.8
        State     Federal   Enforcement  Voluntary/
               Government        Property Transfer
                           On-Site   On-Site   Off-Site    Off-Site     Site
                           Treatment Containment Containment  Treatment   Security
   2r-
 w

 b
 JD
               State Costs
                   3 Sites
           $28,000
             $0-
            49,999
$100k-
499,999
                              Start and Completion Dates
                                                               ' 36 Starts
                                                               • 34 Completions
'81 '82  '83 '84  '85 '86  '87  '88  '89  '90 '91  '92
                  Year
                                              A-45

-------
State/Territory—Montana
Montana  reported 214 sites.  Forty-
seven of these sites had both Removal
and Remedial actions, 6 of the sites had
only  Removal actions and  129 of the
sites had only Remedial actions. There
were also 32 sites that were under tribal
jurisdiction, but their status was un-
known.
  The total number of sites with Re-
moval actions was 53, with 26 of the
actions being Complete. The total num-
ber of sites with Remedial actions was
176, with  7 requiring No Further Ac-
tion; 4 of the 7 were designated as con-
struction completions.
  The  two prevalent   Predominant
Remedies were Off-Site Containment
and Off-Site Treatment, both with 14
occurrences.
  For the 169 sites with Remedial ac-
tions that  were Active  the prevalent
Last Remedial Phase was PA/SI with
132 sites.
  Because most Removal and Reme-
dial actions are conducted by respon-
sible parties and  Montana did  not,
generally,  have cost information on ac-
tions conducted by responsible parties,
Montana's cost information was  only
available for 4 sites. For these sites, the
State cost was $760,000 for 3 sites, and
the one site with PRP cost  reported a
cost of $250,000.
  The Primary Funding source was
the Federal Government with 92 sites,
followed by Voluntary/Property
Transfer  with 37, the State with 33,
and Enforcement with 15.
  Montana produced a report in No-
vember 1993 on its Superfund accom-
plishments for the period 1983-1993.
Data Display (Total Sites = 214)

Removal
^-^^^^^^^HB^^^^m^^^^^V^^— ^^V^^^^^M^^^— ^^•^^^^^^•^^•^^•^^^^•^^^^•^M^^^^^M^^
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 3 State Average: $253,333.33
PRP
Sites: 1 PRP Average: $250,000.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
^^^••^^^^^^^^••^^^^•^^^•••^^^^^^^^•••^^^^^^•^^^^^•••^^^^^^^•^•^^^^^•^^^HMII^^H
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36^7 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
53
^•^^•^•^H
27
26
176
169
7
3
0
4
171
132
39
0
0
50
3
12
14
14
3
4
0





177
33
92
15
37
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100.00% 1
•^•^^•^^••^^^^•I^^H^MH
50.94%
49.06%
100.00% 1
96.02%
3.98%
42.86%
0.00%
57.14%
100.00% 1
77.19%
22.81%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00% 1
6.00%
24.00%
28.00%
28.00%
6.00%
8.00%
0.00%
51,010,000.00 1
$760,000.00

$250,000.00

100.00% |
18.64%
51.98%
8.48%
20.90%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                  A-46

-------
                             State/Territory—Montana
   Removal
     53 Sites
                       Remedial
                        176 Sites
                                              Removal and Remedial
                                                       182 Sites
Complete
 49.0%
                     No Further Action
                        4.0%
                                         No Further Action  Last Remedial Phase
                                                                         Removal Only
                                                           Removal & Remedial    3 3%
                                                               25 8%
                                                                       Remedial Only
                                                                          70.9%
              Primary Funding
                   177 Sites
                                            Predominant Remedies
                                                  50 Occurrences
   60%
   50%
   40%
  30%
   20%
   10%
   0%
                   52.0
                              30%


                              25%


                              20%


                              15%


                              10%


                               5%


                               0%
                                                                        28.0
                                                                                 28.0
                                                               24.0
         State
                  Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
                 Government           Property Transfer
                                                                                                  8.0
                                   On-Site   On-Site    Off-Site    Off-Site   Population     Site
                                  Treatment Containment Containment  Treatment  Protection   Security
      $59,000
       $50k-
      49,999
                 State Costs
                    3 Sites
$101,000
                                          Start and Completion Dates
 $100k-
 499,999
$600,000
 $500k-
 999,999
                                 35


                                 30


                                 25
                               to
                               0)
                               m 20
                               "5




                                 10


                                  5
                                                               . 39 Starts

                                                                108 Completions
Before'80 '81  '82 '83 '84  '85 '86  '87 '88 '89  '90 '91  '92
  '80                   Year
                                                A-47

-------
State/Territory—Nebraska
Nebraska reported 15 sites. All of these
were sites that had only Remedial ac-
tinnc that \x/f*rp Apfivp and a T JiQf ttp-
LlUlld LlldL WtlG iH.ll V C allU a M^jfl&l- JXC
medial Phase of PA/SI.
The Primary Funding source for 10
sites was Enforcement.
Nine of Nebraska's sites had land-
fills.
Nebraska has the Nebraska Ground
Water Quality Standards, which are
used by all programs such as solid
waste, Resource Conservation and Re-
covery Act, and leaking underground
storage tanks.



















Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal

Ongoing
Complete

^ Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase

PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00

15)

0
MMV^^HM^^H^HH
0
0

15
15
0
0
0
0

15

15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0








100.00%
^^^•^•i^^^^B^HH^PH
0.00%
0.00%

100.00% |
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%

100.00%

100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
so.oo
$0.00

$0.00

[^^B^^^^BTHT'^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^KB^^^^^^KPIilBI^B












State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
H Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                        A-48

-------
State/Territory—Nebraska
             Remedial
              15 Sites
                Last Remedial Phase
                           PA/SI 100.0%
   100%r
    80%
    60%
    40%
    20%
     0%
          Primary Funding
              10 Sites

               100.0%
              Enforcement
               A-49

-------
State/Territory—Nevada
Nevada reported 34 sites, all of which
were sites with only Remedial actions.
nn f fVinofi oitAf »-a/-in »**£»/•! IWrt E\i**4'l*A*>
i en \}L uiese siico reijuireu r^io p urincr
Action, of which 9 were designated as
construction completions.
The Predominant Remedy was On-
Site Treatment with 1 1 occurrences.
Voluntary/Property Transfer was
the Primary Funding source with 21
sites. Enforcement followed with 10

sites.
One site was started prior to 1986. Of
the remaining 33 other sites, 25 were
started in the 3-year period 1990-1992.
The average Duration of Response
Actions was 15 months for the 7 sites
reporting start and completion dates.
Nevada's program began in 1986
with the passage of legislation for the
disposal of hazardous waste. This legis-
lation makes State funds available if a
viable PRP is not present.









Data Display (Total Sites =

H Removal
Ongoing
Complete

H Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

H Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
^^^^^^•••^^^^^•^^^•i^^^H^^^HB^^^^^^^H^^BV^^^^^^^HH^^^^H^HB^^^^^^BMB^^^^^
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00

34)

0
0
0

3^1
24
10

1
2
7

HE^H
^^HH^^^^^H^^H
;5
5
6
6

18
11
]
4
0
0
0








100.00% I
0.00%
0.00%

100.00%]
70.59%
29.41%

10.00%
20.00%
70.00%

H^^^^^j
22.73%
22.73%
27.27%
27.27%

100.00%
61.11%
5.56%
11.11%
22.22%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
SO.OO
^^••^^^^^^•^^••^H
$0.00

$0.00

••JflRilffl^llflnffi^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^KC^^^^BriTiViTiEn




State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
1
1
10
21
3.03%
3.03%
30.30%
63.64%
^^^^•••^^^^H
•>III^JJM^.II:>tI.-1^.liTcTJi«IMil-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^f^^^^ai"l'l'L ^







Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
4
2,
0
1
0
0
0
57.14%
28.57%
0.00%
14.29%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                        A-50

-------
                              State/Territory—Nevada
                    No Further Action
                       29.4%
                                             Remedial
                                              34 Sites
                                            No Further Action
                                       Active
                                       70.6%
                          Last Remedial Phase

                                     PA/SI 22.7%
                                                        Complete
                                                        70.0%
                   Based on
                   PA/SI or Rl
                   10.0%

                   Complete
                   Except
                   Operations/
                   Maintenance
                   20.0%
              Primary Funding
                    33 Sites
80%


70%


60%


50%


40%


30%


20%


10%


 0%
63.7
                           Predominant Remedies
                                 18 Occurrences
                Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
              Government           Property Transfer
80%


70%


60%


50%


40%


30%


20%


10%


 0%
                      61.1
                     On-Site
                    Treatment
                  On-Site
                Containment
 Off-Site
Containment
 Off-Site
Treatment
                                   Start and Completion Dates
                           15
                           12
                            9
                          W
                          |6
                                  •  33 Starts
                                 . -H~ _ 7 Completions
                               '84  '85   '86   '87  '88   '89   '90   '91   '92
                                                A-51

-------
State/Territory—New  Jersey
New Jersey reported 5,996 sites. Of
these, 1,827 had both Removal and
Remedial  actions. There was 1 site
with only Removal actions and 4,168
sites with only Remedial actions. The
total number of sites with Removal ac-
tions was 1,828, with  1,030 designated
Complete. The sites  with  Remedial
actions totaled 5,995, with 4,621 requir-
ing No Further Action. For sites with
Remedial  actions that were  Active,
1,121 reported a Last Remedial Phase,
with  PA/SI being the most prevalent
with 546 sites.
  The most prevalent Predominant
Remedy was  Off-Site Containment
with 1,017  occurrences.
  Total    Cost    reported    was
$343,694,743  for 25 sites with  only
State cost, 1,076 sites with only PRP
costs, and 7 sites with both State and
PRP cost. The average cost for all sites
that reported PRP cost was $288,565
per site, and the average cost for all sites
that reported State cost was $974,329
per site.
  Primary Funding  source was re-
ported for 4,956 sites, with Voluntary/
Property Transfer being reported for
4,786 of those  sites.
  Five sites were started and 2 com-
pleted prior to 1980. From 1980  to
1986, 669  sites were started and 439
were completed. For 3,389 sites, the
Duration of Response Actions was
Less Than 12 Months. New Jersey re-
ported an additional 300 sites with du-
rations less than 1 month, giving the
State a total of 3,689  sites with Dura-
tions of Response Actions of  Less
Than 12 Months. The average Dura-
tion of Response Actions for all 4,440
sites reporting start  and completion
dates was 9 months and 10 days.
Data Display (Total Sites = 5,996)

Removal
^^^^^^•^•^^^^^•••^^^^^•^•••^^^^^^••^^^^•^^•I^^^^^B^m^^^^^^^BM^^^^^HHM^^^^
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 32 State Average: $974,329.13
PRP
Sites: 1,083 PRP Average: $288,565.29
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
1,828
^•i^^^^MH^^B^^^^H^
798
1,030
5,995
1,374
4,621
3,673
23
925
1,121
546
245
267
63
1,283
37
149
1,017
42
2
35
1
100.00%
^^^^^•^••^^^
43.65%
56.35%
100.00%
^^^^••^^^^^^
22.92%
77.08%
79.48%
0.50%
20.02%
100.00%
48.70%
21.86%
23.82%
5.62%
100.00%
2.88%
11.61%
79.27%
3.27%
0.16%
2.73%
0.08%
8343,694,743.00 1
$31,178

$312,865

4,956
31
4
135
4,786
4,440
3,389
537
208
141
77
36
52
,532.00

,840.00

100.00%
0.63%
0.08%
2.72%
96.57%
100.00%
76.33%
12.09%
4.68%
3.18%
1.73%
0.82%
1.17%
                                                  A-52

-------
                             State/Territory—New Jersey
      Removal
      1,828 Sites
                       No Further Action
                          77 1%
Remedial
5,995 Sites
No Further Action   Last Remedial Phase
                                                      Complete
                                                      20.0%
                                                      Complete
                                                      Except
                                                      Operations/
                                                      Maintenance
                                                      0.5%
                                                                       PA/SI 48.7%
                                                                       RI/FS21.9%
 Removal and Remedial
         5,996 Sites
                                       Removal & Remedial  1 Removal Only
                                           30 5%
 100%
  80%
  60%
  40%
  20%
   0%
               Primary Funding
                    4,956 Sites
              96.6
                             * State 0.6
                              Federal Government 0.1
                              Enforcement 2.7
                 80%


                 70%


                 60%


                 50%


                 40%


                 30%


                 20%


                 10%


                  0%
                        Predominant Remedies
                            1,283 Occurrences
                                                                      79.2
* On-Site Treatment 3.2
 On-Site Containment 12.3
 Off-Site Treatment 3.4
 Population Protection 0.2
 Site Security 3.0
 Innovative Technology 0.1
            Voluntary/
          Property Transfer
                          Off-Site
                         Containment
                                                                                     All Others*
                  State Costs
                     32 Sites
                     Start and Completion Dates
  15
  12
•= 9
co
B


1 R
     $148,822
                                        $28,004,710
              $185,000  $550,000  $2,290,000
       $0-     $50k-     $100k-    $500k-  >$1,000,000
      49,999    99,999    499,999    999,999
                                                        1000
                                                         800
                                                         600
                                                        § 400
                                                        z
                                                         200
                      m  4,957 Starts

                    - -H- - 4,726 Completions
                  Before '84   '85  '86   '87  '88   '89  '90   '91  '92

                   '84                 Year
                                                  A-53

-------
State/Territory—New Mexico
New Mexico reported 58 sites. Of these
sites, 8 had only Removal actions and
^10 fisiH nnl v UpTYif^fiifftl fi("*t"ion^ lltif* C\T
j\j iidu uiii y JA.CIIICUKII a\f LIVJII& . v_/iic/ \JL
,t •. l_ J T^ 1 ** J.L. *.
the sites had Removal actions that were
Ongoing and 49 had Remedial actions
that were Active.
The seven sites with Removal ac-
tions that were Complete used three
Predominant Remedies: Off-Site
Containment, Off-Site Treatment,
and Population Protection.
The only site designated as requiring
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI
or RI reported a State cost of $ 100,000.
Also, one site with only a Removal ac-
tion that was Complete reported a State

cost of $35,000. A PRP cost of
$5,000,000 was reported for one site
with Remedial actions that were Ac-
tive. The Last Remedial Phase for that
site was RD.
Fifty-seven of the sites reported a
Primary Funding source, with the
Federal Government reporting 19
sites being the most prevalent, followed
h V 1 t /P prfv Transfer with
oy voluntary/ rropeny iransierwim

lo sites, the Mate witn 12. sites ana n,n-
forcement with 10 sites.
The average Duration of Response
Actions was 5 months and 17 days.















Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal

Ongoing
Complete

H Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

H Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology

• Total Cost
••••••••••••••••••••••••••MHHHHBBHHHBHHBHHHBB
State
Sites: 2 State Average: $67,500.00
PRP
Sites: 1 PRP Average: $5,000,000.00
1 Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
| Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months


58)

8

1
7

50
49
1

1
0
0

49
34
4
11
0

14
1
2
7
2
1
1
0


••••••1




57
12
19
10
16
7
5
2
0
0
0
0
0




100.00% I

12.50%
87.50%

100.00% 1
98.00%
2.00%

100.00%
0.00%
0.00%

100.00%J
69.39%
8.16%
22.45%
0.00%

100.00% 1
7.14%
14.29%
50.00%
14.29%
7.14%
7.14%
0.00%

55,135,000.00 1
•••••••••••••i
$135,000.00

$5,000,000.00

100.00%
21.05%
33.33%
17.55%
28.07%
100.00% |
71.43%
28.57%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                        A-54

-------
                          State/Territory—New Mexico
   Removal
     8 Sites
                           Remedial
                             50 Sites
                   Removal and Remedial
                             58 Sites
                    No Further Action
                        2.0%
                                         No Further Action   Last Remedial Phase
                                                    Based on
                                                    PA/SI or Rl
                                                    100.0%
                                                                    PA/SI 69.4%
                                                                            Removal Only
                                                                               13.8%
                                                                                  Remedial Only
                                                                                     86.2%
35%


30%


25%


20%


15%


10%


 5%


 0%
          Primary Funding
                57 Sites
                                              Predominant Remedies
                                                    14 Occurrences
33.3
                  28.1
                                                       50.1
      State
              Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
             Government          Property Transfer
                                     On-Site    On-Site    Off-Site    Off-Site   Population     Site
                                    Treatment  Containment Containment  Treatment  Protection    Security
  1 r-
 «
 en
 •5
 0}
 -D
                 State Costs
                    2 Sites
           $35,000              $100,000
                                              Start and Completion Dates
             $0-
            49,999
                 $100k-
                 499,999
                                       i1
                                              1  7 Starts

                                            --•-- 7 Completions


                                            Note that lines are the same
                                            for1981 through 1988
'81 '82  '83 '84  '85 '86  '87  '88  '89  '90 '91  '92
                  Year
                                               A-55

-------
State/Territory—North Carolina
North Carolina reported 873 sites. Two
of these sites had only Removal ac-
tinnc 3 tin tnp FPTTI mni ti o ?s/l nnH on Iv
llUlloj dllU- Lilt- A wAllCUllillg O / A lldVJ. U111V
Remedial actions. The 2 sites with only
Removal actions were Ongoing. Six
hundred forty-six of the Remedial ac-
tions were Active, 217 required No
Further Action Based on PA/SI or RI,
and 8 were construction completions.
For the sites with Remedial actions
that were Active, 635 reported a Last
Remedial Phase of PA/SI.
























Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal
Ongoing
Complete

• Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
• Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer

873)

2
2
0

871
646
225

217
5
3
649
635
9
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0






0
0
0
0



100.00% I
100.00%
0.00%

100.00%
74.17%
25.83%

96.45%
2.22%
1.33%
100.00%
97.84%
1.39%
0.46%
0.31%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
80.00 1
$0.00

$0.00

100.00% I
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
l^^n^KI:^^^^^Q^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^B^2^9







Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                        A-56

-------
           State/Territory—North Carolina
Removal
 2 Sites
Remedial
 871 Sites
 Ongoing
 100.0%
                No Further Action
                   25.8%
i
\
live
2%

%

Complete
1.3%
Based on
PA/SI 96.4%
Complete
Except
Operations/
Maintenance
2.2%


t
                                                               PA/SI 97.8%
                                                               RI/FS1.4%
                                                               RD 0.5%
                                                               RA 0.3%
                     Removal and Remedial
                          Removal Only
                              0.2%
                          Remedial Only
                             99.8%
                             A-57

-------
State/Territory—Ohio
Ohio reported 86 sites, of which 1 5 sites
had both Removal and Remedial ac-
j- OO Vtr«^4 ^-\»^1lr Dlms^vml o/->ti /1« f
lions, z.2* naci oniy Jxemov«i actions,

and 47 had only Remedial actions. One
of the sites with both Removal and Re-
medial actions was designated con-
struction completion (i.e., the Removal
actions were Complete and All Reme-
dial Action Complete Except Opera-
tions/Maintenance).
The 60 sites with Active Remedial
actions that were Active had a Last Re-
medial Phase of RI/FS with 31 sites,
PA/SI with 25 sites, RD with 3, and RA
with 1.
The Predominant Remedy was Off-
Site Treatment with 6 occurrences.
Enforcement was reported as the
Primary Funding source for 82 of the
85 sites that reported a Primary Fund-
.
ing source.
























Data Display (Total Sites =

• _ .
Removal
^^—^^^^^^^^••••••••^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^••••••••^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^Mi^H^M
Ongoing
Complete

• Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maim.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

• Predominant Remedies
^^^•^^^^^^•••••••••••••••••••^^^^^•^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^•^^^^•^•^••••••••••^^H
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment

Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
^^•^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^••••••i^^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^^H
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
1 Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
^Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

86)

^^^•miHH

^^^^^Hfl^^H^M
29
8

62
60
2
0
2
0

61
25
31
3
2

15
6
3

1
4
0
1
0





85
2
1
82
0
o ;
0
0
0
0
0
0
0



^^^•PMWQH
^^fwfw^M
^^^^^BIHIIBfll^l
78.38%
21.62%

100.00%
96.77%
3.23%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%

100.00%
40.98%
50.82%
4.92%
3.28%

100.00% I
40.00%
20.00%

6.67%
26.66%
0.00%
6.67%
0.00%
80.00 1
$0.00

$0.00

100.00%
2.35%
1.18%
96.47%
0.00%
100.00% |
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                         A-58

-------
                                State/Territory—Ohio
   Removal
    37 Sites
                     Remedial
                       62 Sites
Removal and Remedial
         84 Sites
Complete
 21.6%
          Ongoing
           78.4%
No Further Action
    3.3%
                                         No Further Action
                                      Last Remedial Phase
  Removal & Remedial  Removal Only
       	         26.2%
                                                     Complete
                                                     Except
                                                     Operations/
                                                     Maintenance
                                                     100.0%
                                                             ^^2^523
                                                                 t
                                                                      PA/SI 41.0%
                                                  RI/FS 50.8%
                                                  RD 4.9%
                                                  RA 3.3%
       Remedial Only
         55.9%
100%
 80%
 60%
 40%
 20%
  0%
             Primary Funding
                   85 Sites
                                   96.4
                                    40%


                                    35%


                                    30%


                                    25%


                                    20%


                                    15%


                                    10%


                                    5%
                                           Predominant Remedies
                                                 15 Occurrences
                                          40.0
                                                                                      26.6
                     Federal
                    Government
                                 Enforcement
                                        On-Site   On-Site   Off-Site    Off-Site     Site
                                        Treatment Containment Containment Treatment   Security
                           15
                           12
                         v
                         .£>

                         I 6
                                  Start and Completion Dates
                                 —•— 0 Starts
                                 • -•- - 44 Completions
                                '   '   '   '   '  i  i
                                                        t
                                                        i
                                                       i   i   i   i   '   '
                              '80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93
                                                Year
                                               A-59

-------
State/Territory—Oklahoma
Oklahoma reported 40 sites. All 40 sites
had only Removal or Remedial ac-
ti r\n c "\Tr\ citpc h nH hr^th R<*iYir*vul n tiH
LIUllc*. IN U MlCa Hall UUL1I IXC 111 U Veil allU
Tl J* 1 *" /~\-C *1~ 1O '4- '*!-.
Remedial actions. Or the 32 sites with
only Removal actions, all were desig-
nated Complete. Four of the 8 sites
with only Remedial actions were desig-
nated construction completion.
The most prevalent Predominant
Remedy was Off-Site Containment
with 31 occurrences.
The Total Cost of $85,590 was re-
ported for 29 of the sites with only Re-
moval actions. All reported cost was
State cost. No PRP cost was known.
The State and Voluntary/Property
Transfer were the reported Primary
Funding sources with 29 sites and 1 1
sites, respectively.
The first site was started prior to
1980. Thirty-four sites reported start
dates after 1986. The average Duration
of Response Actions was 21 months
and 13 days.




















Data Display (Total Sites =

H Removal
Ongoing
Complete

H Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

H Predominant Remedies
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•MM^H^BHHIMBI^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^M
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
State
Sites: 29 State Average: $2,951.38
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
| Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
H Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

40)

m
0
32

8
4
4
0
3
1

4
0
3
1
0

35
w^f^^^^^^^^^m
2
1
31
0
0
0
0





40
29
0
0
11
7
5
1
0
0
0
0
1



100.00%!
0.00%
100.00%

100.00% I
50.00%
50.00%
0.00%
75.00%
25.00%

100.00% 1
0.00%
75.00%
25.00%
0.00%

100.00% I
5.71%
5.71%
88.58%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
885,590.00 1
$85,590.00

$0.00

100.00% |
72.50%
0.00%
0.00%
27.50%
100.00% |
71.42%
14.29%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
14.29%
                      A-60

-------
                           State/Territory—Oklahoma
No Further Action
   50.0%
                    Remedial
                      8 Sites
                       No Further Action
                                         Last Remedial Phase
                   Active
                   50.0%
                                  Complete
                                   25.0%
                                  Complete
                                  Except
                                  Operations/
                                  Maintenance
                                  75.0%
                                               t
                                                    RI/FS 75.0%
                                        RD 25.0%
                                                             Removal and Remedial
                                                                      40 Sites
                                                               Remedial Only
                                                                  20.0%
                                                                          Removal Only
                                                                             80.0%
                                                                          (All Complete)
             Primary Funding
                  40 Sites
             72.5
             State
                             Voluntary/
                           Property Transfer
                                                  Predominant Remedies
                                                       35 Occurrences
                                                         100%r-
                                                         80% U
                                                         60% U
                                                         40% U
                                                         20% U
                                                   On-Site
                                                  Treatment
                                                                                        88.6
                  On-Site
                 Containment
 Off-Site
Containment
               State Costs
                  29 Sites
     $o-
     999
$1k-     $2k-    $3k-   >$4,000
1,999    2,999    3,999
                                               Start and Completion Dates
                                                       12
                                                       10
                                                      _

                                                      3
                                                              •  35 Starts

                                                             " -•- - 6 Completions
Before'80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93
 '80                Year
                                            A-61

-------
State/Territory—Oregon
Oregon reported 307 sites. Five of the
sites were sites with only Removal ac-
tions, 234 with only Remedial actions,
20 with both Removal and Remedial
actions, and 48 with neither a Removal
nor a Remedial action. Of the total 25
sites with Removal actions, 9 of the
sites designated the actions as Ongoing,
and 16 designated the actions as Com-
plete. Of the total 254 sites with Reme-
dial actions, 205 of the sites designated
the actions as Active, and 49 designated
the actions as requiring  No Further
Action, of which 8 were designated
construction completions.
  A Last Remedial Phase was re-
ported for 180 sites with Remedial ac-
tions that were Active; 165 were PA/SI,
13 were Rl/FS, and one site each was
RD and RA.
  A Primary Funding source was re-
ported for 236 sites; 117 had the State,
23 had the Federal Government, and
96 had Enforcement. Oregon does not
track Enforcement activities separately
for Voluntary. The State estimates that
half the sites reported as Enforcement
were Voluntary.
  Duration of Response Actions was
reported for 21 sites. Twelve of these
sites had  Duration of Response Ac-
tions of Less Than 12 Months. The
average Duration of Response Actions
for all 21 sites was 15 months and 18
days.
   Oregon prepares an annual report on
its cleanup efforts that depicts its plans
and accomplishments over the year.
Oregon also prepared an Environmental
Cleanup Manual in 1992. The purpose
of this Manual is to "provide a general
description of the government cleanup
programs and explain more specifically
the cleanup process offered" by the
State.
Data Display (Total Sites = 307)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
25
9
16
254
205
49
41
1
7
180
165
13
1
1
^^^^^•^^^^•^H
100.00% 1
36.00%
64.00%
100.00% 1
80.71%
19.29%
83.67%
2.04%
14.29%
100.00% 1
91.66%
7.22%
0.56%
0.56%
^^^•••••I^^^^^^^^M
Predominant Remedies 0 100.00% 1
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment^
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
1 Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
0
0
0
0
0
0
0





236
117
23
96
0
21
12
4
2
2
1
0
0
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
SO.OO •
$0.00

$0.00

100.00% I
49.58%
9.74%
40.68%
0.00%
100.00% |
57.15%
19.05%
9.52%
9.52%
4.76%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                  A-62

-------
                       State/Territory—Oregon
     Removal
      25 Sites
              Ongoing
               36.0%
 Complete
   64.0%
No Further Action
    19.3%
                         Remedial
                          254 Sites
                                           Active
                                           80.7%
                         No Further Action      Last Remedial Phase
                                   I Complete
                                    14.3%
                                                            Based on
                                                            PA/SI or Rl
                                                            83.7%
                                    Complete
                                    Except
                                    Operations/
                                    Maintenance
                                    2.0%
                                                                         t
                                                                               PA/SI 91.6%
 RI/FS 7.2%
1 RD 0.6%
 RA 0.6%
    Removal and Remedial
            259 Sites

               Removal Only
Removal & Remedial     1.9%
      7.8%
                                   Primary Funding
               Remedial Only
                  90.3%
                         50%
                                                40%
                                                30%
                                                20%
                                                10%
                                                 0%
                                 49.6
                                        236 Sites
                                                                                40.7
                                                        State
                                                                              Enforcement
                           Start and Completion Dates
                     30
                     25
                    ,20
                     10
                            •  76 Starts
                          - -•- - 22 Completions
                         '86   '87
                                    '88    '89   '90    '91    '92
                                        Year
                                       A-63

-------
State/Territory—Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania reported 41 sites. Five of
the sites had both Removal and Reme-
dial actions, 32 had only Removal ac-
tions, and 4 had only Remedial actions.
For all 5 of the sites with both Removal
and Remedial actions,  the Remedial
actions were Active. For all 4 of the
sites with only Remedial actions, all of
the actions were  Active. For the sites
with only Removal actions, 11  were
designated Ongoing and 21 were Com-
plete.
  The Predominant Remedy was Off-
Site Treatment with 20 occurrences.
  The one PRP cost reported was for a
site that had only  Removal actions that
were  Active; the reported cost was
$200,000. Twenty-one of the other sites
with only Removal actions that  were
Complete had only State cost; the av-
erage cost per site was $277,143. State
cost of $200,000  was also reported for
one site with only Active Remedial ac-
tions. For the 5 sites with both Removal
and Remedial actions,  the State cost
reported was $2,100,000.
  The Primary  Funding source was
the State at 34 of the 37 sites that re-
ported Primary Funding.
  All site completions have taken less
than 2 years. The average Duration of
Response Actions is 8  months and 15
days based on 25 sites that reported start
and completion dates.
  Pennsylvania prepares an annual re-
port on its Hazardous Waste Cleanup
Act. The last report was prepared  on
October 1,1993, and covered the period
from July 1, 1992, to June 30, 1993.
Data Display (Total Sites = 41)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
37
13
24
100.00%
35.14%
64.86%
Remedial 9 100.00%
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
[Total Cost
State
Sites: 26 State Average: $304,615.38
PRP
Sites: 1 PRP Average: $200,000.00
9
0
0
0
0
9
0
9
0
0
^^3
i
3
0
20
2
2
0





100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00% |
3.58%
10.71%
0.00%
71.43%
7.14%
7.14%
0.00%
88,120,000.00
$7,920,000.00

$200,000.00

| Primary Funding 37 100.00% |
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
1 Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
34
0
3
0
D
16
9
0
0
0
0
0
91.89%
0.00%
8.11%
0.00%
100.00%
64.00%
36.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                 A-64

-------
                        State/Territory—Pennsylvania
      Removal
       37 Sites
                        Remedial
                          9 Sites
          Removal and Remedial
                  41 Sites
             Ongoing
             35.1%
                                           Last Remedial Phase
                                                       Removal & Remedial
                                                            12.2%
                         Remedial Only
                           9.8%
                                                                               Removal Only
                                                                                 78.0%
  100%
  80%
  60%
  40%
  20%
   0%
             Primary Funding
                  38 Sites
             91.9
                                               Predominant Remedies
                                                    28 Occurrences
            State
                                       80%


                                       70%


                                       60%


                                       50%


                                       40%


                                       30%


                                       20%


                                       10%


                                       0%
                                                                         71.5
                                                        On-Site   On-Site   Off-Site  Population   Site
                                                        Treatment Containment Treatment Protection  Security
  20,-
  15
£
t/5

151
CD
"i
z
      $o-
     49,999
                State Costs
                  26 Sites
                    $3,800,000
$50k-    $100k-    $500k-  >$1,000,000
99,999    499,999    999,999
                                            Start and Completion Dates
                                                     10
                                      CO

                                      B
                                                 • 26 Starts

                                                 • 24 Completions
'88
        '89
               '90
              Year
'91
        '92
                                             A-65

-------
State/Territory—Rhode Island
Rhode Island reported 97 sites. Eighty-
three sites had only Removal actions,
?itiH 14 cit^c nun fitilv Rpiripflifil fiptiofic
uliU IT* olLCj lldli \JUiy JVClllvUldl clL/UUllA.
No sites had both Removal and Reme-

dial actions. Eighty-two of the 83 sites
with only Removal actions were desig-
nated as Complete. Thirteen of the 14
sites with only Remedial actions were
designated as Active. The remaining
site with only Remedial actions was
designated as a construction comple-
tion.
The Predominant Remedy was Off-
Site Containment with 86 occurrences.
Enforcement was the prevalent Pri-

mary Funding source with 61 sites.
The average Duration of Response
Actions was 13 months and 27 days
based on 10 sites reporting both start
and completion dates.

























Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal

Ongoing
Complete

H Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

H Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

^ Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
^^••^^^^^^^^^^^••••^^^^^^^^^^^^•••••^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•••••••V^^^^^^^^^^^^H
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 6 PRP Average: $0.00
H Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
H Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

97)

83
^^^^^^^^^^^^^•i
1
82

mam
13
1
0
1
0

•m
2
4
6
3

91
5
0
86
0
0
0
0

^^^^^^^^^^••PHVB



HQH
14
3
61
14
10
7
0
2
0
0
1
0



100.00% I
^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^H
1.20%
98.80%

^^^^^^^H
92.86%
7.14%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%

I^^^^^^H
13.33%
26.67%
40.00%
20.00%

100.00% |
5.49%
0.00%
94.51%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
SO.OO 1
$0.00

$0.00

100.00% |
15.22%
3.26%
66.30%
15.22%
100.00% I
70.00%
0.00%
20.00%
0.00%
0.00%
10.00%
0.00%
                       A-66

-------
                  State/Territory—Rhode Island
    Removal
     83 Sites
                               Remedial
                                14 Sites
             Ongoing
              1.2%
No Further Action
    7.1%
Complete
 98.8%
       Primary Funding
            92 Sites
                   66.3
State
        Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
       Government         Property Transfer
                                                No Further Action
                                          Active
                                          92.9%
                                              100% r-
                                               80% U
                                               60% U
                                               40% U
                                               20% U
                                           Last Remedial Phase

                                                      ] PA/SI 13.3%
                                                           Complete
                                                           Except
                                                           Operations/
                                                           Maintenance
                                                           100.0%
                                                                              RI/FS 26.7%
                                                      r] RD 40.0%
                                                                              RA 20.0%
                               Predominant Remedies
                                     91 Occurrences
                                                                            94.5
                                 On-Site
                                 Treatment
                                                                           Off-Site
                                                                         Containment
                          Site Starts and Completions
                      '81 '82  '83  '84  '85  '86  '87  '88  '89  '90 '91  '92
                                       Year
                                      A-67

-------
State/Territory—South  Carolina
South Carolina reported 42 sites. Two
of the sites had both Removal and Re-
medial actions,  17 had only Removal
actions, and 22 had only Remedial ac-
tions. The 2 sites with both Removal
and  Remedial actions had Removal
actions that were Complete and Reme-
dial actions that were Active with PA/
SI as the Last Remedial Phase. Four-
teen of the sites with only Removal ac-
tions were Complete, and 5 of the sites
with only Remedial actions required
No Further Action.
  The most prevalent Predominant
Remedies were Off-Site Containment
with  19 occurrences  and  Off-Site
Treatment with 14 occurrences.
  All reported cost was State cost. The
Total Cost for 35 sites was $7,036,201.
The total for 5 sites with only Remedial
actions designated as requiring No Fur-
ther Action was $651,431. For the 102
sites with only  Removal actions that
were Complete the cost was reported as
$1,675,051.
  The Primary Funding source was
the State with 22 sites, followed by En-
forcement with 16 sites.
  Seven sites were  started prior  to
1986, and 2 were complete. Fifteen sites
had a Duration of Response Actions of
Less Than 12 Months. The average
Duration of Response Actions for  18
sites that reported start and completion
dates was 5 months and 17 days.
  South Carolina has a  Hazardous
Waste Management Act, which was ini-
tiated in 1980.
Data Display (Total Sites = 42)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
19
3
16
100.00%
15.79%
84.21%
Remedial 24 100.00%
^^•••••^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^•••••••^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^H
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
^^^^^^^••[^^•^^^^^^^••••^^•^^^^^^^^^^•^•^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^••••^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^
State
Sites: 35 State Average: $201,034.31
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
| Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
^^^^^^^m
19
5
I
0
4
16
6
8
1
1
49
4
0
19
14
0
11
1





39
22
1
16
0
18
15
3
0
0
0
0
0
^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^MMMMM
79.17%
20.83%
20.00%
0.00%
80.00%
100.00%
37.50%
50.00%
6.25%
6.25%
100.00%
8.16%
0.00%
38.78%
28.57%
0.00%
22.45%
2.04%
37,036,201.00
$7,036,201.00

$0.00

100.00%
56.41%
2.56%
41.03%
0.00%
100.00% I
83.33%
16.67%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                 A-68

-------
                       State/Terriitory—South Carolina
     Removal
       19 Sites
                    No Further Action
                        20.8%
                                     Remedial
                                       24 Sites
Removal and Remedial
         41 Sites
                                     No Further Action
                                                     Complete
                                                     80.0%
Last Remedial Phase


          PA/SI 37.6%





          RI/FS 50.0%
                                                     Based on
                                                     PA/SI or Rl
                                                     20.0%
                                                                RD 6.2%
                                                                RA 6.2%
     Removal & Remedial
         4-9%	  Removal Only
                    1.5%
                                                                                   Remedial Only
                                                                                     53.6%
              Primary Funding
                   39 Sites
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
 0%
         56.4
                                   41.0
        Slate
               Federal
              Government
                                Enforcement
                                                40%


                                                35%


                                                30%


                                                25%


                                                20%


                                                15%


                                                10%


                                                 5%


                                                 0%
                                                         Predominant Remedies
                                                               49 Occurrences
                                                                    38.8
                                                           On-Site    Off-Site    Off-Site     Site    Innovative
                                                          Treatment Containment Treatment   Security  Technology
 25 i-$248,107
 20
I15
"o

1
                State Costs
                   35 Sites
                                                       Start and Completion Dates
 $0-      $50k-    $100k-   $500k-  £$1,000,000
49,999    99,999    499,999   999,999
                                                                 38 Starts
                                                         '80 '81 '82  '83  '84 '85 '86 '87 '88  '89 '90 '91 '92
                                                                           Year
                                               A-69

-------
State/Territory—South Dakota
South Dakota reported 674 sites. Sixty
sites had only Remedial actions, and
f\\ A citac hurl nnlv Rf^nrmvol cii^tiotic "Wn
UJ.*T MICo Ilcttl UIllj JXClllUVtll aL- LIU lib. I^IVJ
sites had both Removal and Remedial

actions.
Nineteen of the 60 sites with only
Remedial actions were designated as
construction completions. The remain-
ing 41 of the 60 sites with only Reme-
dial actions were designated Active.
Three hundred seventy-two of the 614
sites with only Removal actions were
Complete, and the remaining 242 were
Ongoing.
For the sites with Remedial actions
that were Active, the most prevalent

Last Remedial Phase was RI/FS.
The Predominant Remedy used for
all 391 reported Predominant Remedy
occurrences was Off-Site Contain-
ment.
The Primary Funding source was
Enforcement at 653 sites, followed by
the Federal Government at 21.
No cost was reported due to the fact
t_ *U O *U TA 1 «- T\ * -f
that tne ooutn Daicota Department or
Environment and Natural Resources

does not keep record of this type of in-
formation; therefore, it is unavailable
for review.
T -Irvnn r\ 1- T~\ 1 J 1
In 198o, South Dakota passed legis-
lation requiring the reporting of the ac-
tivity and events at hazardous waste
sites. As a result, South Dakota estab-
lished a tracking system for corrective
action details on sites used in this pre-
sentation.







Data Display (Total Sites =

H Removal

Ongoing
Complete

1 Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

H Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology

• Total Cost
^^^^^^^^^^^•^•••••i^^^^^^^^^^"^^^^^^^^^^™*™^™^^^^^^™^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^™
State
Sites: 0 State Average: $0.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00

H Primary Funding
^^^^^^•^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^••••••^^^^^^^^^^^^^^••••^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^M
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
H Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36^17 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months

674)

614
^^^^^^^^^^^^•^H
242
372

60
41
19

0
0
19

41
^^^^^^^^^^^^•^H
0
25
9
7

391
,0
0
391
0
0
0
0








674
0
21
653
0
212
100
38
19
23
7
6
19



100.00% 1
^•••••M^^^^^^^^H
39.41%
60.59%

100.00% 1
68.33%
31.67%

0.00%
0.00%
100.00%

100.00% 1
0.00%
60.98%
21.95%
17.07%

100.00% 1
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%

80.00 1

$0.00

$0.00


100.00% 1
0.00%
3.12%
96.88%
0.00%
100.00%
47.17%
17.92%
8.96%
10.85%
3.31%
2.83%
8.96%
                        A-70

-------
                      State/Territory—South  Dakota
        Removal
        614 Sites
                         Remedial
                           60 Sites
Complete
 60.6%
                  _  .      No Further Action
                  Ongoing        31 7%
                   39.4%
                      No Further Action
Last Remedial Phase
                 Active
                 68.3%
                                                              Complete
                                                              100.0%
                                                                                 RI/FS 61.0%
100%
 80%
 60%
 40%
 20%
 0%
            Primary Funding
                          Start and Completion Dates
                 674 Sites
  96.9
           Federal
          Government
Enforcement
                                               150
                                               120
                 $5 90

                 "o
                 0)

                 E 60
                                               30
                                                     —•— 660 Starts

                                                     • - •- - • 260 Completions
                    Before'80 '81  '82  '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90  '91 '92
                                                  '80
                                                                    Year
                                          A-71

-------
State/Territory—Tennessee
Tennessee reported 244 sites. Four of
the sites had both Removal and Reme-
«iinl o*->ti*~\«f ^f^ \-tif\ *-»r\1if Dawim7al o/^
Uldl dULlUIlS, J\j HcLU Ulliy JVClDOVdl dt<~
tions, and 201 had only Remedial
actions. All of the Removal actions
were Complete. Four of the sites with
both Removal and Remedial actions
had the Removal actions Complete and
the Remedial action requiring No Fur-
ther Action. Of the 201 sites with only
Remedial actions, 4 were classified as
construction completions. PA/SI was
the prevalent Last Remedial Phase for
153 of the 198 sites with Remedial ac-
tions that were Active that reported a
Last Remedial Phase.

Off-Site Containment was the
prevalent Predominant Remedy with
38 occurrences.
Total Cost was reported for 45 sites;
27 sites had both State and PRP cost, 2
sites had State cost only, and 16 sites

had PRP cost only. The Total Cost for
all sites was $6,719,579.
Enforcement and the State were re-
J , n . T? J.
ported as tne Primary r unamg sources
at 33 sites and 1 1 sites, respectively.
One site was started prior to 1980,
and 13 sites were started from 1981
through 1985. Twelve sites were com-
1 J U 1_ J f 1 f\CtC
pleted by the end ot lyoS.





Data Display (Total Sites =

H Removal
Ongoing
Complete

H Remedial
Active
No Further Action

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

H Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology

• Total Cost
State
Sites: 43 State Average: $51,175.02
PRP
Sites: 29 PRP Average: $155,829.41

| Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer

244)

40
0
40

205
198
7

3
0
4

198
153
25
14
6

56
7
8
38
1
0
2
0







44
11
0
33
0



! 100.00%
0.00%
100.00%

100.00% I
96.59%
3.41%

42.86%
0.00%
57.14%

! 100.00% 1
77.27%
12.63%
7.07%
3.03%

100.00% 1
12.50%
14.29%
67.86%
1.79%
0.00%
3.56%
0.00%

:S6,71 9,579.00 1
$2,200,526.00

$4,519,053.00


100.00% |
25.00%
0.00%
75.00%
0.00%
wiiia^sast-fSfiKfais^ssiKi^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^KiMi^^^Ki^sssM







Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36^7 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
30
8
1
4
0
0
0
69.77%
18.60%
2.33%
9.30%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                       A-72

-------
                         State/Territory—Tennessee
  Removal
   40 Sites
    Complete
    100.0%
Remedial
205 Sites
1
No Further Action
3.4%
I
                                    No Further Action   Last Remedial Phase
                                                                PA/SI 77.3%
                                                                RI/FS 12.6%
                                                         Removal and Remedial
                                                                  241 Sites
                                                               Removal & Remedial
                                                                    1-7%   Removal Only
                                                                   - '     14.9%
                                                                               Remedial Only
                                                                                  83.4%
            Primary Funding
                 44 Sites
 80%


 70%


 60%


 50%


 40%


 30%


 20%


 10%


  0%
             75.0
           State
                           Enforcement
                           80%


                           70%


                           60%


                           50%


                           40%


                           30%


                           20%


                           10%


                           0%
                                             Predominant Remedies
                                                  56 Occurrences
                                                         67.9
                                        On-Site    On-Site    Off-Site    Off-Site     Site
                                       Treatment  Containment Containment Treatment   Security
              State Costs
                 43 Sites
  35,-
  30
  25
      $165,518
5)20
•5
       $0-
      49,999
$50k-
99,999
$100k-
499,999
$500k-
999,999
                                          Start and Completion Dates
'80 '81  '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93

                  Year
                                            A-73

-------
State/Territory—Texas
Texas reported 200 sites; 36 had both
Removal and Remedial actions, 18 had
only  Removal actions, and 125 had
only Remedial actions. Five of the sites
with both Removal and Remedial ac-
tions had the Removal actions desig-
nated as Complete and the Remedial
actions designated as requiring No Fur-
ther Action. Additionally, one site with
only Removal actions was designated
Complete, and 5 of the sites with only
Remedial  actions were construction
completions.
  The most  prevalent  Predominant
Remedies were Site Security with 40
occurrences and  On-Site Treatment
with 23 occurrences.
  RI/FS was the most prevalent Last
Remedial Phase for sites with Reme-
dial actions that were Active. It was re-
ported for 89 sites  and PA/SI was
reported for 56 sites.
  Sixteen sites reported cost for a total
of $17,464,000. Thirteen sites had only
State cost totaling $9,114,000, and 3
sites had PRP cost totaling $8,350,000.
The Primary Funding source was En-
forcement with 67 of the 95 sites that
reported a  Primary Funding source.
The State as the Primary Funding
source was reported at 15 sites.
  Approximately 1,900 additional sites
had been referred to the State by the
Federal  Government,  and these sites
were currently under eligibility review.
Also, another 20 abandoned industrial
disposal  sites  and 88  State-funded
emergency   Removal  actions  were
Complete.  None of these approxi-
mately 2,008 sites are in the database
and subsequent displays.
Data Display (Total Sites = 200)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
HI
39
15
161
151
10
0
7
3
172
56
89
13
14
100.00%
72.22%
27.78%
100.00%
93.79%
6.21%
0.00%
70.00%
30.00%
100.00% I
32.56%
51.74%
7.56%
8.14%
Predominant Remedies 86 100.00% I
MHiM^HM^^^H^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^B^^*«M>H^B^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^B«««*mB^^^^^^^B^^^^Bmi>BBI
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 13 State Average: $701,076.92
PRP
Sites: 3 PRP Average: $2,783,333.33
Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
1 Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
23
9
12
0
2
40
0





H
15
4
67
9
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
26.74%
10.47%
13.95%
0.00%
2.33%
46.51%
0.00%
517,464,000.00
$9,114,000.00

$8,350,000.00

100.00% I
15.79%
4.21%
70.53%
9.47%
100.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                   A-74

-------
                                State/Territory—Texas
   Removal
    54 Sites
                                 Remedial
                                  161 Sites
          Removal and Remedial
                   179 Sites
Complete
 27.8%
            Ongoing  No Further Action
             72.2%      6.2%
                                                             Removal & Remedial
                                                                  20.2%
                         Removal Only
                            10.0%
                                         No Further Action Last Remedial Phase
                                      Active
                                      93.8%
                                        Complete
                                        30.0%

                                        Complete
                                        Except
                                        Operations/
                                        Maintenance
                                        70.0%
                                                                 PA/SI 32.6%
                                                                 RI/FS51.7%
RD 7.6%
RA8.1%
                                                                                  Remedial Only
                                                                                     69.8%
   80%

   70%

   60%

   50%

   40%

   30%

   20%

   10%

    0%
              Primary Funding
                    95 Sites
          State
                  70.5
       Federal   Enforcement  Voluntary/
      Government         Property Transfer
                                           50%
                                           40%
                                           30%
                                           20%
                                           10%
                                            0%
                                              -  26.7
                                                     Predominant Remedies
                                                           86 Occurrences
                                                                                  46.5
                                                           On-Site    On-Site    Off-Site   Population    Site
                                                          Treatment  Containment Containment Protection   Security
                 State Costs
                    13 Sites
                                                   Start and Completion Dates
   12


   10
  "6 -
  i_ b
  Q)
$3,114,000
             $100k-
            499,999
                   >$1,000,000
                                                '87
                                                                               17 Starts

                                                                               2 Completions
                               '92
                                                A-75

-------
State/Territory—Utah
Utah reported 31  sites. One site had
both a Removal and Remedial actions.
Six sites had only Removal actions, and
24 had only Remedial actions. The 1
site with both Removal and Remedial
actions had the Removal actions re-
ported as Complete and the Remedial
action reported as Active, with the Last
Remedial Phase being PA/SI. For 5 of
the sites with only Removal actions, all
the actions were designated Complete.
For 1 site with only Remedial actions,
the designation was No Remedial Ac-
tion Based on PA/SI or RI.
   The  most prevalent   Predominant
Remedies were On-Site Containment
and Off-Site Containment with 9 and
6 occurrences, respectively.
   The  Total   Cost  reported  was
$14,130,389,  segmented by  State at
$130,389 and PRP at $14,000,000. The
total number of sites with reported cost
was 5. One site with only Removal ac-
tions that  were  Complete had a PRP
cost of $12,000,000. One site with both
Removal and Remedial actions had a
State cost of $75,845. Three sites with
only Remedial actions that were Active
had reported cost as follows: State
$7,000  and  PRP $2,000,000;  State
$27,398; and State $20,146.
   One site was started prior to 1986.
The average  Duration of Response
Actions for 10 sites with reported time
frames was 13 months and 12 days.
Data Display (Total Sites = 31)

Removal 7 100.00% I
Ongoing
Complete
^Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
^^^^••^^^^^•^^^••^^^^^^^•••^^^^^^•^^•^^^^^•^^^•••^^^^^^^•M^^^^^^HHH^^^^^HMHBI
State
Sites: 4 State Average: $32,597.25.00
PRP
Sites: 2 PRP Average: $7,000,000.00
Primary Funding
^^^^^^^^^•^^•^^^^^^^^^^MB^^^^^^^H^^MI^^^^^^^^HMHB^^^^^^-^^H^B^^^— ^^W^^^^^
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
| Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
^^^M^
1
6
25
24
1
1
0
0
22
3
8
8
3
20
2
9
6
1
0
2
0





11
1
1
3
6
10
5
3
2
0
0
0
0
14.29%
85.71%
100.00% I
96.00%
4.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00% I
13.64%
36.36%
36.36%
13.64%
100.00% 1
10.00%
45.00%
30.00%
5.00%
0.00%
10.00%
0.00%
514,130,389.00 1
$130,389.00

$14,000,000.00

100.00%
9.09%
9.09%
27.27%
54.55%
100.00% |
50.00%
30.00%
20.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                                                  A-76

-------
                              State/Territory—Utah
  Removal
   7 Sites
          Ongoing
          14.3%
No Further Action
   4.0%
                  Remedial
                    25 Sites
                                       No Further Action  Last Remedial Phase
                                                 Based on
                                                 PA/SI or Rl
                                                 100.0%
                                                                 PA/SI 13.6%
                                                                 RI/FS 36 4%
                                                                 iRD364%
                                                                 RA 13.6%
                  Removal and Remedial
                            31 Sites
                      Removal & Remedial
                          3.2% 	 Removal Only
                                     194%
  60%
  50%
  40%
  30%
  20%
  10%
   0%
           Primary Funding
                 11 Sites
                                  54.5
                                                    50%
                                                    40%
                                                    30%
                                                    20%
                                                    10%
                                                     0%
                                           Predominant Remedies
                                                20 Occurrences
                                                                  45.0
        State     Federal   Enforcement Voluntary/
               Government        Property Transfer
                                       On-Site    On-Site    Off-Site    Off-Site     Site
                                      Treatment  Containment Containment  Treatment   Security
B
<5
              State Costs
                  4 Sites
          $54,544
                                        Start and Completion Dates
           $o-
          49,999
          $50k-
         99,999
                                                    W
                                                    •5
                                                               • 11 Starts

                                                               10 Completions
'84  '85   '86   '87   '88   '89   '90   '91   '92
                                             A-77

-------
State/Territory—Virginia
Virginia reported 21 sites. Twenty of
the sites had only Ongoing Removal
aptinnc and 1 citf* fiaH nnlv RpmpHifil
dL'llUllO) dllU 1 SI 1C lldU \JlHy JXCIlIvUlul
actions, which was designated a con-
struction completion.
The site with only Remedial actions
had State cost of $500,000. One site
with only Removal actions had State
cost of $2,000,000.
All 21 sites were started from 1987
through the end of 1992. The 1 con-
struction completion site was com-
pleted within that time window.
Virginia also had sites with Removal

actions that were Complete. However,

the data for these sites as well as the de-
tailed data on Predominant Remedies,
Primary Funding, and Duration of
Response Actions was not available
due to the stringent time constraints
imposed by the study. Thus, the zero
notations represent unavailable data
rather than no data.
Virginia has a Waste Management
Act that was amended in 1993. The act
provides regulations for the safe control
and management of hazardous waste
substances and for the enforcement of
noncompliance with the regulations.
















Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal
Ongoing
Complete

• Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete

• Last Remedial Phase

PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

H Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
• Total Cost
State
Sites: 2 State Average: $1,250,000.00
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
J Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
1 Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months


21)

20
20
0

1
•P^^^^^H^^
0
1
0
0
1

0

0
o
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0





0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0




100.00%
100.00%
0.00%

100.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%

100.00%

0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%

100.00% |
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
82,500,000.00 I
$2,500,000.00

$0.00

100.00% |
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
                          A-78

-------
State/Territory—Virginia

      Removal and Remedial
              21 Sites
         Remedial Only
            4.8%
        (100.0% Complete)
                  Removal Only
                    95.2%
            State Costs
               2 Sites
       $500,000
 $2,000,000
        $500k-
        999,999
>$1,000,000
               A-79

-------
State/Territory—Washington
Washington reported 1,220 sites. Forty-
one had both Removal and Remedial
5tf*l"innQ T nJiH finl v K pfTiftvfil 3f*l"i nn^
dlsLllsllo, -J Hull Ulll V AYClllWrtl CH>lJ.Ulli3)
and 340 had only Remedial actions.

The remaining 834 were defined as "in-
dependent" sites undergoing cleanup
without State oversight or involvement.
The total number of sites with Re-
moval actions was reported as 46,
where 19 of these sites had Removal
actions that were Complete. The sites
with Remedial actions totaled 381,
with 210 of these sites having desig-
nated the Remedial actions as requiring
No Further Action. Of the 210 No
Further Action sites, 134 were further

designated as construction completions.
The prevalent Last Remedial Phase
for sites with Remedial actions that
were Active was PA/SI with 291 sites.
The Predominant Remedy was On-
Site Containment with 24 occurrences.

State cost was $10,944,364 for 131
sites. Ninety-eight of these sites had in-
dividual cost of less than $50,000. The
tntol fnr tVi*a QQ oitec ui/QO $1 A1^ ^OO
loiai ror me yo sues was $i,t/D,z,\j\j.
Twenty-eight sites reported start and
completion dates. The average Dura-
tion of Response Actions for these sites
was 12 months and 25 days.






Data Display (Total Sites =

• Removal

Ongoing
Complete

f Remedial
Active
No Further Action


1,220)

46

27
19

381
171
210

No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI 76
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint. 29
All Remedial Action Complete 105

H Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA

• Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology

• Total Cost
State
Sites: 131 State Average: $83,544.76
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
| Primary Funding
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer

372
291
60
6
15

85
15
24
15
13
14
4
0






0
0
0
0
0



100.00% I

58.70%
41.30%

100.00% I
44.88%
55.12%

36.19%
13.81%
50.00%

100.00% I
78.23%
16.13%
1.61%
4.03%

100.00% 1
17.65%
28.24%
17.65%
15.28%
16.47%
4.71%
0.00%

510,944,364.00 1
$10,944,364.00

$0.00

100.00% |
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
•mmmn-iiSffiRRKfsiRin^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Rc^^^^BiiTifiiisn







Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
18
6
1
1
1
1
0
64.29%
21.43%
3.57%
3.57%
3.57%
3.57%
0.00%
                       A-80

-------
                        State/Territory—Washington
          Removal
           46 Sites
                           Remedial
                            381 Sites
 Complete
   41.3%
                  Ongoing
                   58.7%
No Further Action
    55.1%
                                                       No Further Action
                                            Last Remedial Phase
                    Active
                    44.9%
                                                                  Complete
                                                                  50.0%
Based on
PA/SI or Rl
36.2%

Complete
Except
Operations/
Maintenance
138%
                                                                                t
                                                                                      PA/SI 78.2%
RI/FS16.1%
RD1.6%
RA4.1%
        Removal and Remedial
                 386 Sites
         , o r,   j- , Removal Only
   Removal & Remedial    i 3o/
         10.6%
           Remedial Only
              88.1%
                                               30%
                 25%
                                               20%
                                               15%
                                               10%
                                               5%
                  0%
                                Predominant Remedies
                                      85 Occurrences
                                                             28.2
                                                                                      16.4
                                                   On-Site    On-Site    Off-Site   Off-Site   Population    Site
                                                   Treatment Containment Containment  Treatment  Protection   Security
100 r$1,475,200
              State Costs
                 131 Sites
     $0-     $50k-   $100k-   $500k- >$1,000,000
    49,999    99,999   499,999  999,999
                             Start and Completion Dates
                                                   10
                                • 29 Starts

                                 28 Completions
                          '85   '86   '87    '88    '89   '90   '91   '92
                                             A-81

-------
State/Territory—Wisconsin
Wisconsin reported 1,849 sites. Two
hundred twenty-two of these sites had
only Removal actions, and 1,627 had
only Remedial actions. None of the
sites had both Removal and Remedial
actions.
  All  of the Removal actions were
Complete, and 275 of the sites with
only Remedial actions were designated
construction completions. Of the 1,352
sites with Remedial actions that were
Active, RI/FS was the most prevalent
Last Remedial Phase.
  Enforcement  was  the Primary
Funding source with 406 sites. How-
ever, Wisconsin combines the reporting
of Enforcement with Voluntary/Prop-
erty Transfer and has stated that the
total for this combined group is 1,907.
Wisconsin has also stated that the total
sites with the  State as the Primary
Funding is 42. Detailed site data on
these stated figures is not available at
this time. Wisconsin is developing a
more comprehensive tracking system
and provided this information based on
an interim tracking system that is un-
able to provide the detailed  data re-
quired for this study.
  State costs of $939,021  were re-
ported for 183 sites. One hundred sev-
enty-nine of these sites had a per site
cost of less than $50,000 for a total of
$635,757.
  Two sites were started prior to 1980,
and 17 sites were started in the years
1980 through 1985. Eleven sites were
completed prior to 1986. Eighty sites
have a Duration of Response Actions
of Less Than 12  Months. The Dura-
tion of Response Actions  was  15
months and 19 days based on  126 sites
reporting start and completion dates.
Data Display (Total Sites = 1,849)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
RI/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^•^^•••^•••^•^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^•^••••••i^^H
State
Sites: 183 State Average: $5,131.26
PRP
Sites: 0 PRP Average: $0.00
Primary Funding
^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^•^•••••^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^•^••••M^^H
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
222
^^^^m^^m^^m
0
222,
1,627
1,352
275
0
0
275
179
36
110
2
31
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0




418
12
0
406
0
126
80
22
12
2
4
0
6
100.00% I
^•••••^^^^•^^^^•••^^^H
0.00%
100.00%
100.00% 1
83.10%
16.90%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
100.00% 1
20.11%
61.45%
1.12%
17.32%
100.00% 1
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
5939,021.00 1
$939,021.00
$0.00

100.00% |
2.87%
0.00%
97.13%
0.00%
100.00% I
63.49%
17.46%
9.52%
1.59%
3.17%
0.00%
4.76%
                                                  A-82

-------
                         State/Territory—Wisconsin
                                         Remedial
                                         1,627 Sites
              No Further Action
                  16.9%
                                  Active
                                  83.1%
                                        No Further Action      Last Remedial Action

                                                                      PA/SI 20.1%
                                                   Complete
                                                   100.0%
                  RI/FS61.5%
                  RA17.3%
             Primary Funding
                 418 Sites
     Start and Completion Dates
100%
 80%
 60%
 40%
 20%
 0%
                              97.1
                                                 120
                                                  100
                                                  20
                                                        —•— 336 Starts

                                                        • -•- - 222 Completions
                           Enforcement
Before'80 '81 '82 '83  '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92
 '80                Year
                                            A-83

-------
State/Territory
The States and Territories reported a
total of 21,905 sites, with 1,017 having
neither a Removal nor a Remedial sta-
tus. These 1,017 sites represent sites
such as those on Indian reservations,
which are known but are not under the
direct jurisdiction of a State or Terri-
tory. Of the remaining 20,888 sites,
8,421  were  Removal and Remedial
sites,  1,371  were sites with only  Re-
moval actions, and 11,096 sites were
sites with only Remedial actions.
  The total number of Removal sites
was 9,792, with 3,527 completed as of
December 31, 1992. The total number
of Remedial  sites  was 19,517 with
2,689 construction completion—i.e.,
the total of All Remedial Action Com-
plete Except Operations and Mainte-
nance (260) and All Remedial Actions
Complete (2,429).
  The most prevalent Last Remedial
Phase was Remedial Investigation or
Feasibility Study (Rl/FS), with 4,834 of
the 9,662 Active Remedial sites report-
ing a Last Remedial Phase.
  The three key Predominant Rem-
edies were Off-Site Containment with
2,438, On-Site Containment with 599,
and On-Site Treatment with 455.
  Total Cost of $1,205,531,234  was
reported  for  3,395  sites,  with  the
cost  represented by   State  cost of
$650,000,770 for 2,167 of the sites and
PRP cost of $555,530,464 for 1,385 of
the sites.
  A Primary Funding source was re-
ported for 11,778  sites,  with Volun-
tary/Property Transfer  representing
6,448 of them. Enforcement was the
Primary Funding source on a national
level with 3,692 sites.
  Duration of Response Actions re-
ported for 6,052 sites had an average of
13 months and 15 days.
National Data Summary (Total Sites = 21,905)

Removal
Ongoing
Complete
Remedial
Active
No Further Action
No Remedial Action Based on PA/SI or RI
All Remedial Action Complete Except Operations/Maint.
All Remedial Action Complete
Last Remedial Phase
PA/SI
Rl/FS
RD
RA
Predominant Remedies
On-Site Treatment
On-Site Containment
Off-Site Containment
Off-Site Treatment
Population Protection
Site Security
Innovative Technology
Total Cost
State
Sites: 2,167
State Average: $299,954.21
PRP
Sites: 1,385
State Average: $401,105.03
I Primary Funding
^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^•••••••••••••^•^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^^^^^^^•^•I^HH^^^HBH
State
Federal Government
Enforcement
Voluntary/Property Transfer
| Duration of Response Actions
Less Than 12 Months
12-23 Months
24-35 Months
36-47 Months
48-59 Months
60-71 Months
More Than 71 Months
9,792
6,265
3,527
19,517
11,000
8,517
5,828
260
2,429
9,662
3,887
4,834
571
370
4,005
455
599
2,438
238
67
197
11
100.00% 1
^^^^^^^^^^^M
63.98%
36.02%
100.00% I
56.36%
43.64%
68.43%
3.05%
28.52%
100.00% 1
40.23%
50.03%
5.91%
3.83%
100.00% 1
11.36%
14.96%
60.87%
5.94%
1.67%
4.92%
0.28%
81,205,531,234.00 1
$(550,000


,770.00


$555,530,464.00


11,778
1,273
365
3,692
6,448
6,052
4,261
858
356
246
125
73
133


100.00%
10.81%
3.10%
31.35%
54.74%
100.00% |
70.40%
14.18%
5.88%
4.06%
2.07%
1.21%
2.20%
                                                   A-84

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                                          State/Territory
   Removal
   9,792 Sites
                                  Remedial
                                 19,517 Sites
                            Removal and Remedial
                                      20,888
                      No Further Action
                         43.6%
                                                           Last Remedial Phase
                                                                       PA/SI 40.2%
                                                                       RI/FS50.1%
                                                                                      Removal Only
                                                                         Removal & Remedial    6'6%
                                                                              40.3%
 60%


 50%


 40%


 30%


 20%


 10%


  0%
             Primary Funding
                 11,778 Sites
10.8
         State
                                 54.7
80%


70%


60%

50%


40%


30%


20%


10%


 0%
                                                             Predominant Remedies
                                                                   4,005 Reported
                                                                    60.8
          Federal    Enforcement   Voluntary/
        Government            Property Transfer
     On-Site    On-Site   Off-Site   Off-Site  Population    Site    Innovative
     Treatment Containment Containment Treatment Protection   Security  Technology
  1500
  1200
0)
rr
E  600
3
   300
      $14,107,739
                   State Costs
                     2,167 Sites
                                                           Start and Completion  Dates
                             $95,291,540 $432,514,306
         $0-     $50k-   $100k-   $500k- >$1,000,000
       49,999    99,999   499,999   999,999
                                                        1500
                                                        1200
                                              .•e qnn
                                              in MUU
                                              o
                                              CD

                                              I 600
                                                         300
                                                          I— 8,384 Starts

                                                          I"-- 6,747Completions
                                                  Before  '80  '81  '82 '83  '84 '85  '86  '87 '88  '89  '90 '91  '92
                                                   '80
                                                                           Year
                                                     A-85

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       APPENDIX  B



ASTSWMO Data Matrix Form
           B-l

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Association of State and Territorial
Solid Waste Management Officials
                                                 444 North CaP|to1 Street, N.W., Suite 388
                                                      Washington, D.C. 20001
                                                 tel: (202) 624-5828  fax: (202) 624-7875
   July 8,  1993
   Dear State Super fund Managers:

   Attached please find  the matrix for  the Non-NPL accomplishments
   study being conducted by the Association of State and Territorial
   Solid Waste Management Officials  (ASTSWMO) .   Per my May 21,  1993
   letter,   ASTSWMO  is  conducting  this  study  to more   adequately
   determine the actual scope of State involvement  in the  cleanup  of
   non-NPL  sites.   In addition to the useful comparative information
   for State program use,  the results of this study  can be used  to
   justify  the position  that the state  role  in  Superfund should  be
   enhanced.  As you may know, there currently are  no figures  on the
   actual number of cleanups being performed under State auspices and
   State capabilities have increased dramatically in the last thirteen
   years.   We think this  information will be especially  useful  during
   the current CERCLA reauthorization debate.

   Therefore, we are asking  you  to  compile information on completed
   State non-NPL cleanups cumulative from FY 80 (or earliest year your
   State had  a program) through December  31,  1992 along with the
   status of the State's  current  non-NPL  cleanup  workload.  The study
   will include hazardous waste cleanups performed by States directly,
   under State enforcement  authority and under  State Voluntary and
   Property Transfer programs.  RCRA Corrective Actions, underground
   and  above ground  storage  tanks  and petroleum spills  will  be
   excluded.  Directions for completing the matrix have been included.

   Timef rame.  We  are requesting that  you complete  the matrix and
   submit  it to  the  ASTSWMO office (attention  Kris  Hoellen)  by
   Tuesday. August  31.  1993.   This is a rather crucial date as we wish
   to have  a completed report by  October  1,  1993.   We understand that
   Congress plans  to  begin hearings on  the State role in Superfund
   early this Fall.  EPA plans to submit legislative recommendations
   to Congress in  September/October  of  this year.  Consequently,  in
   order to gain the most benefit and impact from this study,  a report
   will have to be  produced by early  Fall.   The  more completed
   matrixes we receive prior to August 31, the more likelihood we have
   of seeing a positive Superfund reauthorization.

   Contractor assistance.   U.S. EPA is procuring a contractor who will
   be available to assist  States in completing the matrix.   If your
   State will require contractor  assistance, please notify the ASTSWMO
   office  A.S.A.P.  (202)624-5828,  as the  contractor resources  are
   limited.  Requests for assistance will be provided on a first come
   first served basis.  The contractor will begin work on the project
   in  late July/early August.   Hence,  for  those states  requiring
                                  B-2

-------
assistance, the more work which can be  accomplished  ahead of time,
the greater  the  chances will be for meeting  the August 31, 1993
deadline.  The contractor's primary responsibility on this project,
however, will be to create  a  database and to  prepare a summary
report of the results.  NOTE:  ASTSWMO does have  approval authority
of the final  report prior to its release.

Data transmittal.   In order to have the  most  accurate data,  we
strongly recommend that you submit  your information  via one of the
following mechanisms:   l)  if your  data is already entered into a
database, please contact the ASTSWMO office about downloading the
data into  a  format we can read; 2)  if  you wish to complete your
matrix  electronically,  contact the  ASTSWMO office  to receive a
database program format; or 3)  please complete the form by hand as
neatly and clearly as possible.

Finally, we appreciate your efforts in ensuring the success of this
project.    Kris  Hoellen  of  ASTSWMO  and  I  will   be available
throughout the duration of the project to answer  specific questions
on  the  completion of  the  matrix.    This project  is probably
unprecedented in the  amount  of teamwork required,  as the results
will only be  beneficial  if  all the states participate.  We thank
you for  your support.   If you  have  any questions concerning the
purpose  of the project,  please do not  hesitate to  contact me at
6097292-1250.

Sincerely,
Lance R. Miller, NJ
ASTSWMO Board of Director - Region II
                               B-3

-------
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                                                      B-6
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