SL EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA/540/8-91/005
Spring Update
1991
Superfund Innovative
Technology Evaluation
(SITE) Program
SUPERFUND INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION
The U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's Superfund Innovative Technology
Evaluation (SITE) Program, now in its fifth
year, serves several purposes, including (1)
the development and implementation of
innovative treatment technologies for
hazardous waste remediation and (2) the
development and implementation of
monitoring and measurement technologies
for evaluating the nature and extent of
hazardous waste site contamination. The
SITE Program was established in response
to the 1986 Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act (SARA), which
recognized a need for an "Alternative or
Innovative Treatment Technology Research
and Demonstration Program." The SITE
Program is administered by EPA's Office of
Research and Development and consists of
four interrelated programs:
• Demonstration Program
• Emerging Technologies Program
• Monitoring and Measurement
Technologies Program
• Technology Transfer Program
U-S. Fjivlrcnner/- "" ^-ryfe-M - -' - •
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230 S. Dearborn u::
Chicago, IL 60604
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This update bulletin, developed as a part of
the Technology Transfer Program,
highlights progress over the past year under
the Demonstration, Emerging Technologies,
and Monitoring and Measurement
Technologies Programs. It also focuses on
new technologies and significant events
since the November 1990 SITE Technology
Profiles (EPA/540/5-90/006) document was
published. Further opportunities for
technology transfer are provided at the back
of this bulletin.
IN THIS UPDATE:
Demonstration Program Page 3
Completed Demonstrations Page 3
New Technology Profiles Page 6
Upcoming Demonstrations Page 10
Emerging Technologies Page 11
Emerging Graduates Page 11
New Emerging Technologies Page 13
Monitoring & Measurement Page 14
Technologies
Technology Transfer Page 17
Quick Contact List Page 18
Publications Order Form Page 19
Printed on Recycled Paper
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INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
In April 1990, EPA established the Technology
Innovation Office (TIO) under its Office of Solid
Waste and Emergency Response to further
promote the use of innovative treatment
technologies. TIO has several activities aimed
at assisting technology vendors in understanding
the market for their hazardous waste cleanup
technologies. TIO's "Innovative Treatment
Technologies: Semi-Annual Report"
(EPA/540/2-91/001) describes specific National
Priorities List (NPL) sites for which innovative
technologies have been selected or used. The
following figure shows that innovative
technologies are being specified in the Records
of Decision (RODs) for many NPL sites. Most
of the 95 innovative projects reported are in the
design stage, and thus offer market opportunities
for technology vendors.
The development of SITE Program technologies
will help meet the needs of EPA's remedial
project managers (RPMs) and on-scene
coordinators (OSCs), as well as other federal
agencies, states, and private parties responsible
for hazardous waste site activities. Currently,
43 technologies are involved in SITE'S
Emerging Technologies Program and 58 in the
Demonstration Program. Five technologies have
successfully graduated from the Emerging
Technologies Program into the Demonstration
Program; EPA is currently seeking sites for
demonstrating these technologies. The
Demonstration Program completed four
demonstrations in 1990 and one thus far in 1991
(see pages 3-6 for details). Additionally, three
demonstrations were conducted in 1990 as a part
of the Monitoring and Measurement
Technologies Program (see pages 14-15).
Summary of Innovative vs. Established Treatment
Technologies For Source Control at Superfund Sites'
Established Technologies (63%)
16% Off site Incineration (40)
3 5% Other (9)
.3%
19% On site Incineration (48)
Innovative Technologies (37%)
2 8% Soil Washing (7)
2 4% Chemical Extraction (6)
Bioremediation (22)
4% In situ Soil Flushing (10)
12% Vacuum Extraction (31)
0 8% In situ Vitrification (2)
1 6% Chemical Treatment (4)
5% Thermal Desorption (13)
24.6% Solidification/Stabilization (62) -j-
()
t
Data are derived from 1982 - 1989 Records of Decision (RODs) and anticipated design and construction activities. The 254 technologies are
associated with approximately 211 site; the difference reflects the use of more than one technology per site.
Number of times this technology was selected or used.
Solidification/Stabilization is considered an established technology for metals only.
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DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM
Technologies are selected for the program
primarily through annual Requests for Proposals
(RFP). The process is non-competitive;
proposals are reviewed by EPA to determine
which fit into the Demonstration Program and
show promise for use at hazardous waste sites.
In addition, several technologies have entered
the program on an unsolicited basis. These
technologies are primarily ongoing Superfund
projects or private sector activities in which
innovative techniques of interest were identified
for evaluation by EPA RPM's and OSC's or
technology developers.
Cooperative agreements between EPA and the
developers set forth responsibilities for
conducting the demonstration and evaluating the
technology. Developers are generally
responsible for operating their innovative
systems at a selected site, and are expected to
pay the costs to transport equipment to the site,
operate the equipment on-site during the
demonstration, and remove the equipment from
the site. EPA is usually responsible for project
planning, site preparation, sampling and
analysis, quality assurance and quality control,
reporting, and technology transfer.
The SITE Demonstration Program develops
reliable engineering performance and cost data
on innovative treatment technologies so that
potential users can evaluate each technology's
applicability for a specific waste site. Data
collected during a field demonstration are used
to assess the performance of the technology, the
potential need for pre- and post-processing of the
waste, applicable types of wastes and media,
potential operating problems, and the
approximate capital and operating costs.
Demonstration data can also provide insight into
long-term operating and maintenance costs and
long-term risks.
At the conclusion of each SITE Program
demonstration, EPA prepares an Applications
Analysis Report (AAR) to evaluate all available
information on the specific technology and
analyze its overall applicability to other site
characteristics, waste types, and waste matrices.
A second report, called the Technology
Evaluation Report (TER), presents
demonstration data such as testing procedures,
performance and cost data collected, and quality
assurance and quality control standards. Videos,
bulletins, and project summaries are also
prepared to further present demonstration data.
DEMONSTRATIONS CONDUCTED IN 1990
Technologies recently demonstrated under the
SITE Demonstration Program are summarized
below, including preliminary results from the
demonstrations. Applications Analysis reports
and other technology transfer materials are being
prepared.
E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Company and
Oberlin Filtration Company
Membrane Microfiltration
The DuPont/Oberlin microfiltration technology
uses a physical separation process to remove
contaminants that are one micron or larger in
diameter from liquid waste streams. The
technology combines a spun-bonded olefin filter
material (Tyvek* T-980) developed by DuPont
and an automatic pressure filter developed by
Oberlin. Pretreatment by chemical addition may
be required if dissolved contaminants are to be
treated. The end products are filtered solids,
called filter cake, and filtered liquids, called
filtrate.
The microfiltration system was demonstrated at
the Palmerton Zinc Superfund site in Palmerton,
Pennsylvania, over a 4-week period in April and
May 1990. About 3,000 gallons of groundwater
contaminated primarily with zinc were treated.
Demonstration results are summarized below:
• Zinc and total suspended solids (TSS)
removal efficiencies ranged from 99.75
to 99.99 percent.
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• Solids in the filter cake ranged from
30.5 to 47.1 percent.
• Dry filter cake passed the RCRA paint
filter test in all runs.
• Filtrate met the applicable National
Pollution Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES) standard for zinc.
• A composite filter cake sample passed
the Extraction Procedure (EP) Toxicity
and Toxicity Characteristics Leaching
Procedure (TCLP) tests for leachable
metals.
(Contact: John Martin at FTS 684-7758 or
513-569-7758)
DuPont/Oberlin Membrane MicrofUtration
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Excavation Techniques and Foam Suppression
Methods
In June and July 1990, a trial excavation was
conducted at the McColl Superfund site in
Fullerton, California, to evaluate techniques for
controlling fugitive air emissions during
excavation operations. The project was a joint
effort involving EPA's Risk Reduction
Engineering Laboratory in Cincinnati, Ohio;
EPA's Air and Energy Engineering Research
Laboratory in Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina; and EPA Region 9.
The excavation area was one of several large
waste pits at the site containing three distinct
layers of segregated waste: 3 feet of oily mud,
4 feet of tar, and a hard coal-like char layer.
Contaminants of concern were volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and sulfur dioxide (SO;,).
The selected test area (Pit L-4) was surrounded
by a temporary tent-like enclosure measuring 60
feet wide, 160 feet long, and 26 feet high. Air
from the enclosure was vented through an
emission control system that included a wet
scrubber and vapor-phase carbon adsorption
unit. In addition, vapor-suppressing foams were
used to reduce emissions coming from the
extracted waste.
A total of 101 cubic yards of overburden and
137 cubic yards of contaminated waste were
excavated during the demonstration. The tar
waste was solidified and stabilized by mixing it
with fly ash, cement, and water in a pug mill to
facilitate processing through a thermal
destruction unit. The char wastes did not
require further processing. Air contaminant
concentrations within the enclosed area were
measured and averaged over 5-minute periods.
Significant findings are as follows:
• The average concentrations within the
enclosure were up to 1000 ppm for SO2
and up to 492 ppm for total
hydrocarbons (THC).
• The air pollution control system
removed up to 99 percent of the S02
and up to 50 percent of the THC.
• Contaminant concentrations inside the
enclosure were higher than expected
because the vapor-suppressant foam did
not form an impermeable barrier over
the exposed wastes. Instead, the foam
reacted with the highly acidic waste and
degraded. Foam applications also made
surfaces slippery for workers and
equipment.
(Contact: Jack Hubbard at FTS 684-7507 or
513-569-7507)
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EPA Excavation Techniques and Foam Suppression
AWD Technologies, Inc.
Integrated Aquadetox Vapor Extraction and
Steam Vacuum Stripping
The AWD Technologies SITE demonstration
was conducted at the Lockheed Aeronautical
Systems Company (Lockheed) site in Burbank,
California. A full-scale Aquadetox system was
installed at the site in 1988 to treat groundwater
and soil contaminated with volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) including trichloroethylene
(TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE). The
AWD technology integrates two basic processes:
(1) a high-efficiency, moderate vacuum stripping
tower (AquaDetox) that uses low pressure to
treat contaminated groundwater, and (2) a soil
vapor extraction (SVE) system that removes
contaminated soil gas for subsequent treatment
with granular activated carbon (GAC).
Integrating the two technologies creates a closed-
loop system, providing simultaneous remediation
of contaminated groundwater and soil-gas with
virtually no air emissions.
The demonstration was conducted over a 2-week
period in September 1990. During this time, 19
test runs were conducted at varying operating
conditions for groundwater flow, steam flow,
and steam stripping tower pressure. Influent and
effluent groundwater and soil-gas samples were
collected and analyzed for each test run.
Influent TCE concentrations ranged up to 2,000
ppb in the groundwater and 8,000 ppb in the soil
gas; PCE ranged up to 11,000 ppb and 420,000
ppb, respectively.
Preliminary results indicate that:
• The system operated well during all test
runs, with removal efficiencies as high
as 99.99 percent for VOCs in
groundwater, and 99.9 percent for
VOCs in soil-gas.
• The effluent groundwater complied with
regulatory requirements for both TCE
and PCE.
(Contact: Gordon Evans at FTS 684-7684 or
513-569-7684)
AWD Technologies Integrated Aquadetox Extraction
and Steam Vacuum Stripping
Silicate Technology Corporation (STC)
Solidification/Stabilization with Silicate
Compounds
In November 1990, Silicate Technology
Corporation (STC) demonstrated its
solidification/stabilization technology, designed
to immobilize inorganic and organic constituents
into monolithic, concrete blocks. The test was
conducted at the Selma Pressure Treating site in
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Selma, California, where approximately 16,000
cubic yards of soil are contaminated with
chromium, copper, arsenic, and
pentachlorophenol. Contaminated soil was
excavated and homogenized in a mixer; the
untreated soil was sampled for chemical and
physical characterization. Three 2.5-cubic-yard
batches of contaminated soil were then mixed
with water, cement, and STC's proprietary
reagents in the mixer. Representative samples
from the treated batches were also subjected to
chemical and physical testing. EPA also
collected samples that will be analyzed at 6
months, 18 months, and 36 months to determine
the long-term effectiveness of the treatment.
Test results will be available in June 1991.
(Contact: Ed Bates at FTS 684-7774 or 513-569-
7774)
STC Solidification/Stabilization with Silicate Compounds
Horsehead Resource Development Company,
Inc. (HRD)
Flame Reactor
In March 1991, the Horsehead Resource
Development Company, Inc. hosted a
demonstration of their Flame Reactor at their
facility in Monaca, Pennsylvania. During the
demonstration and shakedown runs,
approximately 50 tons of secondary lead smelter
blast furnace slag were treated. The slag was
shipped to Monaca from the National Smelting
and Refining site, a planned removal site, in
Atlanta, Georgia. The high lead content metal
oxide product from the Flame Reactor as well as
the resulting slag from the Flame Reactor will
be recycled or properly disposed based on
analyses performed for the demonstration.
(Contacts: Donald Oberacker at FTS 684-7510
or 513-569-7510 and Marta Richards at FTS
684-7783 or 513-569-7783)
PROFILES OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Seventeen new technologies entered the SITE
Demonstration Program in 1990. Six of these
technologies were selected from responses to the
annual solicitation (SITE 005), and are included
in the SITE Technology Profiles document (EPA
540/5-90/006). Developers of four projects
were invited to participate based on successful
results from the Emerging Technologies
Program. The following seven new technologies
are the most recent additions to the program.
The SITE program was requested to provide
technology evaluation support for each of the
projects. These technologies are currently
scheduled to be tested or implemented at
hazardous waste sites.
AccuTech Remedial Systems, Inc., Keyport,
New Jersey
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction, an in-situ
process developed at the New Jersey Institute of
Technology, is designed to develop and make
uniform subsurface airflow and to effectively
remove contaminants from low-permeability
soils such as clay and fractured bedrock. This
process, part of an integrated system of
conventional and innovative technologies, will be
demonstrated at a New Jersey Department of
Environmental Protection Environmental
Cleanup Responsibility Act (ECRA) site in South
Plainfield, New Jersey, where trichloroethylene
(TCE), a dense nonaqueous phase liquid
(DNAPL), will be removed from a fractured
shale aquifer. A groundwater pumping system
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will suppress the water table to expose the zone
of contaminated fractured rock. The Pneumatic
Fracturing Extraction process, combined with a
heated-air injection/extraction process, will
effectively remove TCE trapped within the rock
matrix. The concentrated vapors stripped from
the groundwater and extracted from the rock
matrix will be treated in an innovative catalytic
oxidation unit designed for chlorinated
compounds. During the demonstration, the
contaminated vapors will be alternately treated
by the catalytic oxidation unit and a carbon
adsorption system to develop engineering cost
data on the two processes.
(Contact: Patricia Lafornara at FTS 340-6988 or
908-906-6988)
(Contact: Paul dePercin at FTS 684-7797 or
513-569-7797)
Canonie Environmental Services Corporation,
Porter, Indiana
Low-Temperature
(LTTASM)
Thermal Aeration
Canonie's LTTASM system uses heat at low
temperatures (500 - 700° F) to vaporize and
remove volatile and semivolatile contaminants
from soil. Contaminated materials are conveyed
to a materials dryer, where the soil flows
countercurrent to the air flow. A propane or
natural gas burner on the soil exit end of the
dryer heats the air, which subsequently heats the
soil, and causes the volatile and semivolatile
contaminants to be desorbed into the air stream.
The dryer gases, containing organics, dust, and
small amounts of acid vapor, are vented through
a cyclone and baghouse system, followed by a
venturi scrubber and a vapor phase carbon
adsorption unit. The scrubber water is treated in
an activated carbon system. The dry, hot soils
are discharged into a pug mixer, quenched with
treated scrubber water, and discharged into a
stockpile.
The LTTASM technology is planned for
demonstration at the Anderson Development
Company (ADC) site in Adrian, Michigan. The
LTTASM will treat soil and lagoon sludge
contaminated with 4,4'-methylenebis(2-
chloroaniline), or MBOCA.
Chemical Waste Management, Inc., Geneva,
Illinois
PO*WW*ER™ Evaporation
Oxidation of Wastewater
and Catalytic
Chemical Waste Management, Inc. (CWM) has
developed a technology to treat leachate,
groundwater, and process waters containing
mixtures of salts, metals, and organics. The
technology is a combination of evaporation and
catalytic oxidation processes. The waste is
concentrated in an evaporator by boiling off
most of the water and volatile compounds, both
organic and inorganic. Air or oxygen is added
to the vapor, and the mixture is forced through
a fluidized catalyst bed where the organic and
inorganic compounds are oxidized. This stream,
comprised mainly of steam, is then condensed or
vented to the atmosphere. The brine remaining
in the evaporator contains concentrated
nonvolatile contaminants. The brine is either
disposed of or treated further, depending on the
nature of the waste. The system is currently
being tested on landfill leachate and other
aqueous wastes at CWM's Lake Charles,
Louisiana, facility.
(Contact: Randy Parker at FTS 684-7271 or
513-569-7271)
•;
Chemical Waste Management PO*WW*ER
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Dames & Moore, Tallahassee, Florida
Hydrolytic Terrestrial Dissipation (HTD)
Dames & Moore developed its hydrolytic
terrestrial dissipation (HTD) process for use at
the Chemairspray site in Palm Beach County,
Florida. Surface soils at the site are
contaminated with toxaphene, a chlorinated
pesticide. In alkaline environments, metal
complexes act as catalysts to accelerate the
hydrolysis reactions that dechlorinate the
pesticides. This simple process involves
excavating the soils, slaking the soils with lime,
and allowing the mixture to be exposed to high
temperatures and strong ultraviolet light
conditions.
(Contact: Ron Lewis at FTS 684-7856 or
513-569-7856)
SoilTech, Inc., Englewood, Colorado
ATP Thermal Desorption
The ATP process is a physical separation
treatment technology used to remove organics
from soils and sludges. The process works on
the principle that all organic compounds have
substantial vapor pressures at elevated
temperatures. Soil is heated in a specialized
rotary kiln that is indirectly fired. The first
zone in the kiln operates at between 400 to
600°F, and the second zone operates at up to
1100°F. The volatilized water and organics are
collected, condensed, and separated. The
noncondensable gases are burned with the fuel in
an annular space around the kiln; the hot treated
soil is also passed along the outside of the kiln
to cool the treated soil and heat the incoming,
contaminated soil. An extensive air pollution
control system treats the combustion gases. The
mobile system will be demonstrated at two sites
— the Wide Beach Superfund site near Buffalo,
New York, and the Waukegan Harbor PCB site
in Illinois.
(Contact: Paul dePercin at FTS 684-7797 or
513-569-7797)
COMBUSTION ZONE
I I ---------
I I
PREHEAT ZONE j | REACTION ZONE
I I
I I
ADXIIIARY BUHNER
HYnKOCAHOON VAI'OK
CLEAN TAILINGS
SoilTech ATP
Southern Bio Products, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia
Membrane Separation/Bioremediation
Southern Bio Products, Inc. has developed a
sequential treatment strategy consisting of a
filtration unit for extraction and concentration of
contaminants, and a bioremediation system for
treating concentrated groundwater and soil
slurries. The SITE demonstration will evaluate
its effectiveness on contaminated groundwater by
concentrating and detoxifying creosote. The
reverse osmosis filtration unit has specially
designed, formed-in-place membranes which
concentrate the creosote and produce a clean,
dischargeable filtrate. After filtration, the
concentrated creosote is mixed with proprietary
and indigenous microorganisms in a bioreactor
for detoxification. After treatment, small
quantities of residuals will be shipped off-site for
disposal. This process will be demonstrated at
the American Creosote Works site in Pensacola,
Florida.
(Contact: Kim Kreiton
513-569-7328)
at FTS 684-7328 or
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Ground Water
Feed I Ground Water
Equalization
Feed Tank
Effluent
Discharge
Southern Bio Products, Inc.
Membrane Separation/Bioremediation
Udell Technologies, Inc., Emeryville,
California
Steam Injection/Vacuum Extraction
The steam injection and vacuum extraction
(SIVE) process, developed by Udell
Technologies, removes volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and semivolatile organic
compounds (SVOCs) from contaminated soils,
above and perhaps below the water table. Steam
is forced through the soil via injection wells to
thermally enhance the vacuum extraction
process. The extraction wells are dual purpose:
groundwater is pumped and treated, and the
steam and vaporized contaminants are
transported under vacuum to the extraction well
and then to the surface. Recovered contaminants
are then either condensed and processed with the
contaminated groundwater or trapped by gas-
phase activated carbon filters. The technology
uses readily available components such as
extraction and monitoring wells, manifold
piping, vapor-liquid separators, vacuum pumps,
and gas emission control equipment. The
technology will be demonstrated at two
Department of Defense sites in California -
McClellan Air Force Base and Lemoore Naval
Air Station.
(Contact: Paul dePerdn at FTS 684-7797 or
513-569-7797)
Udell Technologies Steam Injection/Vacuum Extraction
UPCOMING DEMONSTRATIONS
FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES
AND
The following table lists 15 projects that are
scheduled for field demonstration this year. For
more information refer to descriptions in this
bulletin or in the Technology Profiles document.
To be placed on the SITE mailing list or to
receive future SITE solicitations, write:
Bill Frietsch
U.S. EPA
Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory
26 W. Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
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Upcoming Demonstrations for 1991
Technology
Precipitation & Microfiltration, &
Sludge Dewatering
Carver-Greenfield Process
In-Situ Vitrification
Rotary Thermal Desorber &
Dechlorination (X'TRAX)
Evaporative & Catalytic Oxidation of
Wastewater (PO'WWER®)
Solidification/Stabilization
Thermal Desorption/Chemical
Dehalogenation
Membrane Separation/Bioremediation
Wetlands-Based Treatment
Chemical Oxidation/Cyanide
Destruction
Hydrolytic Terrestrial Dissipation
Pneumatic Fracturing
Steam Injection/Vacuum Extraction
Extraksol'"
Chemical Binding/Precipitation and
Physical Separation
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
Developer
EPOC Water, Inc.
DehydroTech Corporation
Geosafe Corporation
Chemical Waste Management
Chemical Waste Management
Wastech, Inc.
SoilTech, Inc.
Southern Bio Products, Inc.
Colorado Dept. of Health
Exxon Chemicals, Inc. /Rio Linda
Chemicals Company
Dames and Moore
Accutech/NJIT
Udell Technologies, Inc.
Sanivan Group
TechTran, Inc.
Canonie Environmental Services
Corporation
Site Location
Iron Mountain, CA
PAB Oil Site, LA
Parsons Site, Ml
Resolve Site, MA
Lake Charles, LA
Robins AFB, GA
Wide Beach, NY &
Waukegan Harbor,
IL
American
Creosote, FL
Idaho Springs, CO
T&E Facility,
Cincinnati, OH
Chemairspray, FL
S. Plainfield, NJ
McClellan AFB or
Lemoore Naval
Base, CA
Pinette Salvage,
ME
Rocky Flats, CO
Anderson
Development Co.,
Adrian, Ml
Reference
P
P
P
P
J
P
/
/
E
P
/
/
/
P
P
/
Key: / = Information contained in this update bulletin.
P = Information found in 1990 SITE Technology Profiles document.
E = Formerly an Emerging project - listed in the SITE Technology Profiles document and updated in this bulletin.
10
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EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM
Under the Emerging Technologies Program,
EPA provides technical and financial support to
technology developers for bench- and pilot-scale
testing and evaluation of technologies that have
already been proven on the conceptual level. Its
goal is to promote the development of viable
commercial technologies, and to provide future
technologies that may be considered in the
Demonstration Program.
Each year, EPA advertises the availability of a
Request for Proposals (RFP) to the Emerging
Technologies Program through the Commerce
Business Daily (CBD) and various trade
journals. After a technical review of the
proposals submitted, selected candidates are
invited to submit a cooperative agreement
application and detailed project proposal that
undergoes another full technical review. A
cooperative agreement between EPA and the
technology developer requires cost sharing.
Projects are considered for either a 1- or 2-year
developmental effort, providing awards of up to
$150,000 per year, with a maximum of
$300,000 over 2 years. Second-year funding
depends on achieving significant progress during
the first year.
In 1990, through an Interagency Agreement, the
Department of Energy (DOE) co-funded seven
SITE emerging technologies that could meet the
treatment needs of its contaminated sites. These
technologies address mixed hazardous and
radioactive waste sites. DOE has continued
support in the Emerging Technologies Program
for 1991. Similarly, the Department of Defense
(DOD) recently agreed to co-fund a number of
emerging technologies selected in 1991. As
with the DOE agreement, DOD has chosen
certain technologies that may meet treatment
needs for the wastes found at its sites. This
interagency interest and cooperation enables
EPA to accept additional promising candidates
into the Emerging Technologies Program.
COMPLETED EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES EVALUATIONS
Emerging Technologies Program evaluations
have been completed for six of the seven
technologies accepted under the November 1987
solicitation (E01). These include technologies
designed for chemical treatment/ultrafiltration,
in-situ electroacoustic decontamination,
biological sorption, wetlands-based treatment,
laser-induced photochemical destruction, and
contained recovery of oily waste using steam and
hot water. Of these six technologies, four have
been invited to participate in the Demonstration
Program. The four "graduating" technologies
are described below.
Bio-Recovery Systems, Inc., Las Cruces, New
Mexico
AlgaSORB™ Biological Sorption Process
Bio-Recovery Systems, Inc., tested its
AlgaSORB™ technology for the removal and
recovery of heavy metal ions from groundwater.
AlgaSORB™ is a biological sorption process
based on the affinity of algae cell walls for
heavy metal ions. The AlgaSORB™ sorption
process was tested on mercury-contaminated
groundwater at a hazardous waste site in
Oakland, California, during Fall 1989 to
determine optimum flow rates, binding
capacities, and the efficiency of stripping agents.
The project demonstrated the ability of the
process to absorb mercury from groundwater
with high levels of total dissolved solids and
hard water components.
(Contact: Naomi Barkley at FTS 684-7854 or
513-569-7854)
Colorado Department of Health (developed by
the Colorado School of Mines), Denver,
Colorado
Wetlands-Based Treatment
The Colorado School of Mines investigated a
constructed Wetlands-Based Treatment
11
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technology that uses natural geochemical and
biological processes inherent in a man-made
wetland ecosystem to accumulate and remove
metals from influent waters. Under first- and
second-year funding, a pilot-scale system was
built to assess the effectiveness of constructed
wetlands in treating the effluent from the Big
Five Tunnel near Idaho Springs, Colorado.
Optimum results from two years of operation
showed that zinc concentrations were reduced by
97 percent; aluminum, cadmium and lead
concentrations were reduced by 90 to 100
percent; iron concentrations were reduced by 80
percent; copper concentrations were reduced to
below detection limits; and pH was raised from
2.9 to 6.5.
(Contact: Ed Bates at FTS 684-7774 or 513-569-
7774)
Energy and Environmental Engineering, Inc.,
East Cambridge, Massachusetts
Laser Induced Photochemical Oxidation
Destruction
Energy and Environmental Engineering, Inc.
investigated a technology designed to
photochemically oxidize organic compounds in
wastewater by applying ultraviolet radiation
from a laser. The Laser Induced Photochemical
Oxidative Destruction Process is envisioned as a
final treatment step to reduce organic
contamination in groundwater and industrial
wastewater to acceptable discharge limits.
Testing of the pilot-scale system showed greater
than 95 percent destruction removal efficiency
for several target compounds including
chlorobenzene, chlorophenol, phenol, benzene,
and dichloroethene. The process is now entering
the initial phases of commercialization.
(Contact: Ronald Lewis at FTS 684-7856 or
513-569-7856)
Western Research Institute, Laramie,
Wyoming
Contained Recovery of Oily Waste (CROW)
Western Research Institute developed a
Contained Recovery of Oily Waste (CROW)
process to recover oily hazardous waste from
soils by adapting technology used for secondary
petroleum recovery and primary production of
heavy oil and tar sand bitumen. Steam and hot
water displacement are used to move
accumulated oily wastes and water aboveground
for treatment. The technology was tested at the
laboratory- and pilot-scale. One- and three-
dimentional tests with chemical addition showed
organics reduction to approximately 90 percent
from soil with 3 percent by weight initial oily
waste saturation.
(Contact: Eugene Harris at FTS 684-7862 or
513-569-7862)
NEW EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
While work continued on one E01 and six E02
projects under second-year funding, and 17 £03
projects began, the Emerging Technologies
Program continued its expansion through a forth
solicitation (E04) in 1991. EPA reviewed 74
proposals submitted under E04, of which 20
developers were asked to submit cooperative
agreement applications and detailed proposals.
The 13 technologies listed in the following table
were selected to participate in the program.
Technology profiles will be developed for these
projects after cooperative agreements with the
developers are signed. For more information on
any of the technologies, call the EPA contacts
listed in the following table. To receive a
Request for Proposals for the £05 solicitation
scheduled for July 1991, write:
Bill Frietsch
U.S. EPA
Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory
26 W. Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
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1991 E04 Emerging Technologies Tentatively Accepted*
Developer
PSI Technology Co.t
Vortec Corporation
Center for Hazardous
Materials Research
Western Product Recovery
Group, Inc.t
Warren Spring Laboratory
Davy Research &
Development Ltd.t
NULITE
IT Corporation
Purus, Inc. {formerly
Advanced Photolysis
Technology, Inc.)
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
Institute of Gas Technology
New Jersey Institute of
Technology and Hazardous
Substances Management
Research Centert
Groundwater Technology, Inc.
Technology
MIDAS Process for Solids
Contaminated with Organics
and Metals
Vitrification Technology for
Waste Treatment Processes
Secondary Lead Smelters for
the Recovery of Lead from
Waste Lead-Acid Battery
Casings
Process for Sludge and Soils
Contaminated with Organics
and Heavy Metals
Physical Processing
Techniques for Treatment of
Contaminated Soils
Resin In-Pulp and Carbon In-
Pulp Technology for
Contaminated Land
Treatment
Technology for Destruction
of Organic & Inorganic in
Aqueous Streams
Treatment of Mixed Waste
Contaminated Soils
Ultraviolet Flashlamps for Air
Phase Destruction of
Organics in Groundwater &
Soil
X-Ray Treatment for Organic
Wastes
Integrated Chemical &
Biological Treatment System
for Site Remediation
Integrated Pneumatic
Fracturing Bioremediation for
In-Situ Treatment of
Contaminated Soil
Bioremediation in In-Situ
Reactors for Cyclodiene
Pesticide-Contaminated Soil
Treatment Category
Thermal
Thermal
Thermal
Solidification/
Stabilization
Material Handling
Chemical
Chemical
Physical
Physical
Physical
Biological
Biological
Biological
EPA Contact
Mark Meckes
FTS 684-7348
513-569-7348
Teri Shearer
FTS 684-7949
513-569-7949
Patrick Augustin
FTS 340-6992
908-321-6992
Dr. Joseph Farrell
FTS 684-7645
513-569-7645
Mary Stinson
FTS 340-6683
908-321-6683
Kim Kreiton
FTS 684-7328
513-569-7328
John Ireland
FTS 684-7413
513-569-7413
Douglas Grosse
FTS 684-7844
513-569-7844
Norma Lewis
FTS 684-7665
513-569-7665
Esperanza Renard
FTS 342-4355
908-321-4355
Naomi Barkley
FTS 684-7854
513-569-7854
Patricia Lafornara
FTS 340-6988
908-321-6988
Ron Lewis
FTS 684-7856
513-569-7856
* Cooperative agreements pending
t DOD co-funded projects
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MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM
The purpose of the Monitoring and Measurement
Technologies Program (MMTP) is to accelerate
the development, demonstration, and use of
innovative monitoring, measurement, and
characterization technologies at Superfund sites.
These technologies are used to assess the nature
and extent of contamination and evaluate the
progress and effectiveness of remedial actions.
The program places high priority on those
technologies that provide cost-effective and
faster, safer, and better methods than
conventional technologies for producing real-
time or near-real-time data.
The MMTP is interested in new or modified
technologies that can detect, monitor, and
measure hazardous and toxic substances in the
subsurface (saturated and vadose zones), air,
biological tissues, wastes, and surface waters, as
well as technologies that characterize the
physical properties of sites. The types of
technologies of interest to EPA include the
following:
• Chemical sensors for in-situ
measurements
• Groundwater sampling devices
• Soil and core sampling devices
• Soil-gas sampling devices
• Fluid sampling devices for the vadose
zone
• In-situ and field portable analytical
methods
• Expert systems that support field
sampling or data acquisition and analysis
DEMONSTRATIONS CONDUCTED IN 1990
Three technologies were demonstrated under the
MMTP during fiscal year 1990. These are
described below. Fact sheets on technology
demonstrations are available from the
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory
in Las Vegas (EMSL-LV). Reports on
technology performance are being prepared.
EPA demonstrated a mobile environmental
mass spectrometer at two Superfund sites in
Region 1. The purpose of the demonstration
was to evaluate the performance of the
instrument under field conditions. The
contaminants analyzed were volatile organic
compounds in water, and polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAH) and polychlorinated
byphenyls (PCBs) in soils.
Mobile Environmental Mass Spectrometer
A mobile open path Fourier transform
infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and three air
sector samplers were demonstrated at a
Superfund site in Region 4. These devices were
used to measure the ambient air concentrations
of volatile organic compounds around the
perimeter of the site during remediation.
14
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FTIR with Retroreflector
FTIR Remote Sensor
Finally, a laboratory demonstration of ion
mobility spectrometers (IMS) was conducted.
The configuration of commercially available
units is not suited to demonstration under field
conditions. However, the IMS technology has
the potential for use as a field analytical method.
The purpose of this demonstration was to have
the two participating developers analyze
performance evaluation materials (PEMs) in
their laboratories. The PEMs (soil and water)
contained individual compounds and mixtures of
organic compounds.
OTHER MMTP ACTIVITIES
The MMTP has a variety of projects planned or
being considered for fiscal year 1991. These
projects involve emerging technologies and those
ready for field demonstration. In addition, a
few cooperative activities between the EPA and
DOE are being negotiated. The projects
include:
• Demonstration of an immunoassay field
kit that measures benzene, toluene,
ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) in
water
• Demonstration of another mobile mass
spectrometer
• Laboratory and field demonstration of
two or three air monitoring technologies
• Field demonstration of a transient
electromagnetic geophysical instrument
and the corresponding data interpretation
software (a three-dimensional numerical
method)
• Pilot-scale field demonstration of a
device designed for placing monitoring
and measurement technologies in cased
and uncased boreholes
• Laboratory demonstration of a portable
high-throughput liquid-adsorption
sampler for a variety of air toxics
Field demonstration of a prototype purge
and trap manifold apparatus that
connected to a gas chromatograph
is
In addition to these projects, the MMTP will be
field testing two PCS immunoassays during the
Sanivan solvent extraction engineering
demonstration at the Pinette's Salvage Yard site
in Maine. This testing will be used as the basis
for a future MMTP demonstration.
In February 1991, the EMSL-LV, along with
other federal and non-federal cosponsors,
convened the Second International Symposium
on Field Screening Methods for Hazardous
15
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Wastes and Toxic Chemicals. The objective of
the symposium was to bring an international
view to problems and solutions associated with
characterizing and monitoring hazardous wastes
and toxic chemicals in the field. The
symposium had 10 technical sessions including
120 oral and poster presentations. In addition,
over 60 vendors exhibited their technologies
during the symposium. A proceedings document
will be available through the National Technical
Information Service (NTIS).
TECHNOLOGY IDENTIFICATION
The identification of candidate technologies is an
ongoing process in the MMTP; therefore,
technology developers are encouraged to submit
new and updated information as it becomes
available. EPA is interested in the following
information regarding a technology or a method:
• Description of the device including size,
weight, and requirements (power, gases,
etc.) of equipment
• Types of environmental media to which
the technology is applicable
• Toxic or hazardous chemicals detected,
measured, or sampled
• Theory of operation including pertinent
references in the literature or other
documentation
• Existing performance data including
successful application of the technology
(laboratory and field)
• Detection limits, accuracy, precision,
and bias of method
• Advantages of the method (time, cost,
and other) compared to conventional
methods
• Standard operating procedure and
amount of operator training required
• Ability to commercialize or secure
commercial interest in the technology
Submittals, which are accepted at any time, are
used to define the universe of potential
technologies that may be candidates for the SITE
Program. The information submitted is
reviewed, cataloged, and incorporated into a
technology matrix, from which the Agency can
make a preliminary determination of the types of
innovative technologies that may be candidates
for participation in the program. For more
information on the format and content of
technology information, call or write:
Eric N. Koglin (QAD)
U.S. EPA
Environmental Monitoring Systems
Laboratory
P.O. Box 93478
Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-3478
702-798-2432
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TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
NEW ENTRANTS TO DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM
AccuTech Environmental Service*, Inc.
Cass Street Highway 35
Keyport, New Jersey 07735
Contact: Harry Moscatello
201-739-6444
Dames & Moore
1211 Governors Square Boulevard
Tallahassee, Florida 32301
Contact: Stoddard Pickrell, Jr.
904-942-5615
Canonie Environmental Services Corporation
800 Canonie Drive
Porter, Indiana 46304
Contact: Brian Bell
219-926-8651
Chemical Waste Management, Inc.
Geneva Research Center
1950 South Batavia Avenue
Geneva, Illinois 60134-3310
Contact: Erick Neuman
708-513-4500
Soil Tech, Inc.
c/o Canonie Environmental Services Corporation
94 Inverness Terrace East
Suite 100
Englewood, Colorado 80112
Contact: Martin Vorum
303-790-1747
Southern Bio Products, Inc.
5241 New Peachtree Road, Suite H
Atlanta, Georgia 30341
Contact: Heather Ford
404-498-6666
Udell Technologies, Inc.
4701 Ooyte Street, Suite 5
Emeryville, California 94608
Contact: Lloyd Stewart
415-653-9477
UPDATED ADDRESSES AND
PHONE NUMBERS FOR DEVELOPERS
Ogden Environmental Services
3550 General Atomics Court
San Diego, California 92121
619-455-3045
Contact: Brian Delledonne
CF Systems Corporation
500 West Cummings Pk., Suite 5600
Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
617-937-0800
Contact: Chris Shallice
Novaterra, Inc.
(formerly Toxic Treatments (USA), Inc.)
373 Van Ness Avenue, Suite 210
Torrance, California 90501
213-328-9433
Contact: Phillip N. LaMori
UPCOMING CONFERENCES
Third Forum on Innovative Hazardous Waste
Treatment Technologies: Domestic and
International
June 11-13, 1991
Fairmont Hotel - Dallas, TX
Contact: Lisa Moore
215-643-5466
HMCRI's 12th Annual National Conference and
Exhibition: Hazardous Materials Control '91
(formerly Superfund Conference)
December 3-5, 1991
Sheraton Washington Hotel - Washington, DC
Contact: HMCRI
301-220-3870
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QUICK CONTACT LISTS
Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation
(SITE) Program
Program Management Robert Qlexsey
Stephen James
SITE Mailing List/ William Frietsch
Solicitations (RFPs)
International Donald Sanning
Technologies
Demonstration Program John Martin
Emerging Technologies Norma Lewis
Program
Monitoring and Eric Koglin
Measurement Technologies
Program
513-569-7861
513-569-7696
513-569-7659
513-569-7861
513-569-7758
513-569-7665
702-798-2432
OTHER CONTACTS
Superfund Technical Ben Blaney
Support Program
Technology Innovation Walter Kovalick
Office
Superfund Hotline Hotline Operator
Document Ordering
Center for Environmental Operator
Research Information
(CERI)
National Technical Operator
Information Service
(NTIS)
Database Services
Alternative Treatment System Operator
Technology Information
Center (ATTIC)
513-569-7406
202-382-4363
800-424-9346
513-569-7562
800-336-4700
301-816-9153
SITE REGIONAL
SITE Program
Contact/Phone
Kim Kreiton
FTS 684-7328
513-569-7328
Ron Lewis
FTS 684-7856
513-569-7856
Paul dePercm
FTS 684-7797
513-569-7797
Teri Shearer
FTS 684-7949
513-569-7949
Laurel Staley
FTS 684-7863
513-569-7863
Randy Parker
FTS 684-7271
513-569-7271
Doug Grosse
FTS 684-7341
513-569-7341
Annette Gatchett
FTS 684-7697
513-569-7697
Jack Hubbard
FTS 684-7507
513-569-7507
Norma Lewis
FTS 684-7665
513-569-7665
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
CONTACTS
SITE Regional Coordinator
Contact/Phone
1
Diana King
FTS 833-1676
617-573-9676
2
Peter Moss
FTS 264-4703
212-264-4703
3
Paul Leonard
FTS 597-8485
215-597-8485
4
John Risher
FTS 257-1586
404-347-1586
5
Jack Barnetts
FTS 886-8963
312-886-8963
6
Don Williams
FTS 255-2197
214-655-2197
7
Steve Kinser
FTS 276-7728
913-551-7728
8
Gerald Snyder
FTS 330-7504
303-294-7504
a
Kenneth Erickson
FTS 484-2324
415-744-2324
10
John Barich
FTS 399-8562
206-553-8562
18
T&U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: I»9I - 548-187/40504
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EPA
DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE FROM THE
U.S. EPA RISK REDUCTION ENGINEERING LABORATORY
SUPERFUND TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION DIVISION
General Publications
Technology Profiles
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