United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Pesticides
and Toxic Substances(TS-799)
Washington DC 20460
EPA 560ATIIS-83-002
June 1983
Toxic Integration Information Series
Overview  of the
Industry  Rle Index System

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OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY FILE  INDEX SYSTEM
          Prepared and Edited by:

            Daryl Kaufman, M.S.
            Donn Viviani,  Ph.D.
                              prctection
            230 South  Dearborn Street
            Chicago, Illinois  60604
        Chemical Coordination Staff
 Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances
      Environmental Protection Agency
                 May, 1983

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Table of Contents                                                    Page
1.  INTRODUCTION                                                       3

      1.1  What Is the IFIS?                                           3
      1.2  Why Do We Need An IFIS?                                     3

2.  DESCRIPTION OF THE INDUSTRY FILE  INDEX  SYSTEM                     5

      2.1  Development                                                 5
      2.2  Capabilities                                                5
      2.3  Categories of Data Elements                                 8

3.  SCHEMA OF DATA COMPONENTS AND BASIC RETRIEVAL COMMANDS            25

4.  ILLUSTRATIVE USES OF THE INDUSTRY FILE  INDEX  SYSTEM              30

5.  REQUEST PROCEDURES                                                33

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                           OTHER PUBLICATIONS IN THE
                       TOXICS  INTEGRATION POLICY SERIES:
State Administrative Models for Toxic Substances Management
 (July 1980) EPA-560/13-80-018; PB81-14373

State Integrated Toxics Management:  Fact and Challenge
 (July 1981) EPA-560/TIPS-81-001; PB81-242406

Chemical Substances Designation (December 1981)
 EPA-560/TIIS-82;  PB83-130294
                           OTHER PUBLICATIONS IN THE
                    TOXICS INTEGRATION INFORMATION SERIES:

EPA Chemical Activities Status Report - 1st Edition
 (June 1979) EPA-560/13-79-003

EPA Chemical Activities Status Report - 2nd Edition
 (December 1980) EPA-560/13-80-040(a), PB81-176414;
 EPA-13-80-040(b), PB81-176422

EPA Chemical Activities Status Report - 3rd Edition
 (June 1982) EPA-560/TIIS-82-002a,-002b

Directory of Federal Coordinating Groups for Toxic
 Substances - 1st Edition (June 1979), 2nd Edition
 (March 1980) EPA-560/13-80-008; PB80-177314

Federal Activities in Toxic Substances (May 1980)
 EPA-560/13-80-015,  Revised,  May 1983; PB-157638

Perspectives on the Top 50 Production Volume Chemicals -
 (July 1980) EPA-560/13-80-27; PB80-221682

Perspectives on State-EPA Grant Activities (September 1980)
 EPA-560/13-80-037;  PB82-229105

Chemical Selection Methods:  An Annotated Bibliography
 (November 1980) EPA-560/TIIS-80-001; PB81-241481

TSCA Status Report for Existing Chemicals - Volume 1, Issue 2
 (July 1980) EPA-560/13-80-033

TSCA Status Report for Existing Chemicals - Volume 2, Issue 2
 (July 1981) EPA-560/TIIS-81-004

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Chemical Information Resources Handbook (January 1981)
 (EPA-560/TTIS-81-002; PB82-225657

Measuring and Comparing the Cost-Effectiveness of EPA
 Regulatory Efforts to Control Toxics-Related Health
 Risks,  Vol. 1:  Feasibility Study (June 1981)
 EPA-560/TIIS-82-007

Toxic Substances Control Act Grants to States (July 1981)
 EPA-560/TIIS-81-003; PB81-232969

TSCA Chemicals in Commerce Inventory:  Regional and States
 Perspectives (August 1981) EPA-560/TIIS-81-005

Chemical Substances Designation (December 1981)
 EPA-560/TIIS-82-003, PB83-130294; -004, PB83-130302; -005,
 PB83-130310; -006; PB83-130328

State integration Toxics Management:  18 Profiles
 (December 1982)   EPA-560/TIIS - 81-005-1
                   For copies, contact:

                   National Technical Information Service
                   4285 Port Royal Road
                   Springfield, VA  22161

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1 .    INTRODUCTION







1.1   What Is The IFIS?




     The Industry  File Information  System  (IFIS)  is  an  automated  guide  to




     EPA's  chemical regulations as  viewed  from an industry perspective.   The




     IFIS enables  the  user to determine,  for  any particular  industry,  which




     chemicals   are  used  or  produced,  whether and  how  these chemicals  are




     regulated,  and,  if regulated,  under what authority.







1.2   Why Do We  Need An IFIS?




     EPA's  seven major legislative  authorities  (CAA,  CERCLA,  CWA,  FIFRA,  SDWA,




     TSCA  and   RCRA)   were  each  enacted   to  correct  different  types  of




     environmental  problems.   The regulations developed under  these acts  each




     regulates   different   "things";   i.e.    chemicals,   chemical   classes,




     surrogates, uses, processes,  process  categories,  and entire industries.




     These  differences in  (1)  how regulations  are  structured, and  (2)  "what




     things are  called,"  under different  authorities complicate   the  task  of




     organizing  regulations by chemical  and by  the industry affected.  Simple,




     yet important  questions,  such  as "what regulations affect  industry X?"  or




     "in what  industries   is  chemical  Y  regulated?"  could  not   be  answered




     without a major  research  effort.







     In  the IFIS, all  the  terminology peculiar  to  individual  regulations  e.g.,




     surrogates, VOC,  etc., are  reduced to  their component  chemicals as  are




     processes   and  uses.    The  resulting  5,000   plus  chemical   entries  are




     grouped under  63  industry headings.   This  enables  the  user  to quickly
                                     -3-

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assess regulatory requirements for a given industry,  the industries which




are regulated  for a particular  chemical,  and other  questions  important




for regulatory development review and analyses.
                                 -4-

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2.   DESCRIPTION OF INDUSTRY FILE INDEX SYSTEM







2.1   Development




     All EPA regulatory support  materials  that could be obtained (development




     documents,   background  documents,  etc.)  from  the  respective  program




     offices—water,    air,   hazardous    waste—for   these   industry-based




     regulations were  reviewed.   From  these  documents,  specific  pieces  of




     information  relevant   to   chemicals  and  their   relationship  to  the




     particular   industry   were   extracted   [Chemical Abstract  Service  (CAS)




     registry number,  chemical  uses,  regulatory  status,   industry (industry




     subcategories,   control technologies  required  by  the regulation)]  for




     inclusion  in  the  data  base.    Regulatory  information   (authority  and




     sections,   status—final  or proposed)  and  general  information,  such  as




     affected media  and precision of  quantification (empirical or estimated)




     are also  provided.    A  large descriptor  field for  each chemical  will




     include emissions  data when available  and  other  relevant  chemical  or




     industry information.   These  categories  are described  in  more detail  in




     section 2.3.







2.2   Capabilities




     The various combinations of these pieces of  information will enable  the




     user to address  four  basic  questions:







     1.   What chemicals are associated with Industry X?







     2.   How is  Chemical Y used  in Industry Y?







     3.   What industries use Chemical Y?
                                     -5-

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4.  What industry-specific regulations are proposed or in effect
    for  Industry  X or  Chemical  Y?  Users  should  be aware  that
    only regulations for specific  industries will  be included  —
    not all Agency regulations.
Users will be able  to  refine  their  requests for combinations of specific

industries,  chemicals,  and  uses.     Because  subcategories  vary  from

industry  to  industry,  specific  information for  subcategories will  be

available  for each  industry  once  the  user is  on-line and  retrieving

information for that industry.


The  data base  can  be  accessed  through  the EPA UNIVAC in RTF  via the

System 2000 Data  Base  Management System.   With  this  DBMS,  the IFIS does

not  automatically provide  the user  with all  the  information it contains

on a certain  chemical,  industry,  or  regulation  unless it is specifically

requested  in  the retrieval command.    Users gain access to the various

categories of information,  described  in detail  below, through "component

numbers";  each  category  of  information is  assigned its  own component

number (see Section 3).  This  is a characteristic of the design of System

2000.


The  IFIS  uniquely  links  together  chemical/regulatory/industry-specific

information for  any industry  for which EPA has  proposed or promulgated

regulations.  Other data  bases  may  be used  to supplement  the chemical,

regulatory, and/or industry information which IFIS provides.


For  example,  the  IFIS  allows  the user  to  retrieve  chemical information,

such as  chemical use data,  by both  industrial subcategory and regulatory

status.   To  learn  about  the  toxicological effects  associated  with the

chemicals of interest  (information which IFIS does not contain), the user

can  turn to the RTECS or Carcinogenesis Bioassay Data System data bases.


                                 -6-

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Regulatory information can be searched by industry on the IFIS.  This can




be accomplished  by using  a  designated  Industry  Code  (contained  in the




Users Guide) and  chemical  (CAS or SEQ number).   The IFIS,  for instance,




can identify proposed, interim final, and final EPA-issued regulations of




chemicals for any regulated industry and its subcategories.  The IFIS can




also indicate whether  the  chemicals  are  explicitly regulated, implicitly




regulated,  unregulated,  or  are  of  unknown  regulatory status,  for each




industry and its subcategories identified in a regulation.







In contrast  to  the IFIS,  the Chemical Regulations  and Guidelines  System




(CRGS)  data base does not include data on proposed regulations.  Chemical




Regulations  and  Guidelines  System  however, does  provide the  user with




more detailed  descriptions of final regulations than  does  the Industry




File.  Similarly, a user seeking to locate an Advanced Notice of Proposed




Rulemaking on a chemical or industry would not find it in IFIS, but could




consult with the Federal Register Search System (FRSS) data base.







Industry  information,  such  as  what  industries  and  their  subcategories




produce Chemical X or are regulated under the authority of Statute  Y, can




also  be  obtained  from  the  IFIS.    However,  IFIS  will  not  specify




manufacturers by the chemicals they produce.  For this information, users




could  examine   Chemical  Plant  Data,  Directory  of Chemical  Producers,




Synthetic Organic Chemicals;   United States Production and Sales (SYNORG)




publication, the  Industrial  Press Chemicals (IPC)  Data  Base,  or Organic




Chemical Producers Data Base computerized systems.
                                 -7-

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2.3  Categories of Data Elements




     The  following   is   a  description  of  the   categories   of   background




     information  that   have   been  extracted  from   regulatory   development




     documents and other sources for inclusion in  the IFIS.  Before describing




     these categories, a  few  caveats  are warranted.   The  primary  information




     sources  are  regulatory development documents  which are not  intended to




     provide complete chemical descriptions of American industry.   The list of




     chemicals  used  in  a specific industry  cannot then,  in  most  cases,  be




     comprehensive.   Indeed, it is  apparent that  for  many  industries the list




     of chemicals is  far from complete.  Also, some  chemicals  listed consist




     of complex mixtures  or generic categories not ordinarily thought  of as




     chemicals per se.   Examples  include copper-bearing scrap, pH,  and metal




     oxides.






     o   Industry Code:  The Industry Code number is taken from a  list




         provided  by EPA.   The EPA project officer listed  alphabetically all




         industries  for  which  regulations  or  development  documents  were




         available and  assigned  them  numbers  (in seguence).   This eliminated




         the overlap in the industry names used by the various program offices




         and  the  SICs.   The  latter  are available,  but searches  cannont be




         conducted using them.






     o   Industry Name (Segment):   Self-Explanatory.






     o   Industry Subsegment:  The industry designated in the development




         documents—e.g.,  "Iron  and  Steel  Manufacturing."   designations of




         industry segments and subcategories may vary in different media.  For




         example,  Clean  Water  Act regulations are  directed  at  specific point






                                     -8-

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    source  categories  identified  principally  by their  products,  (e.g.,




    gum and wood chemicals, petroleum refining); whereas air regulations,




    such as  new source performance standards,  are  directed at different




    pollution  sources  within  point  source  categories  and  at processes




    used  in  several  industries  (e.g.,  incinerators,  stationary  gas




    turbines.)






o   Chemical Name  and  CAS  Registry  Number;   CAS Registry  Numbers  have




    been used  to identify as  many chemicals as possible  using the  TSCA




    inventory,  the most recent EPA Chemical Activities Status Report, the




    Registry of  Toxic  Effects of  Chemcial Substances,  CHEMLINE  (an on-




    line data  base),  and  the Chemical  Abstracts  Substance Index.    In




    cases where  multiple CAS  Registry Numbers appear in the same source




    document—e.g.,  if a  chemical has multiple  molecular formulas—the




    lowest number  will be  used.    For  substances  not having CAS Registry




    Numbers,   existing  or   new  sequence  numbers  (SEQ)   have   been




    arbitrarily assigned.






o   Element  Code:   This  field has been  established to permit users to




    search  an   industry  for  all  known   forms  of  metals  used in  that




    industry.  A major  shortcoming of the development documents, and some




    of the regulations, is that certain chemicals are identified in their




    elemental state  (e.g., lead, iron),  while  the industries in question




    use non-elemental  forms of these  chemicals  (e.g.,  lead sulfate,  iron




    hydroxide,  etc.).    In most instances  only  the CAS number  for the




    elemental form has been  included unless information is  available on




    the substances actually used.  To  alleviate this problem,  an element
                                -9-

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    code (the Periodic Chart symbol) will be coded into the data base for




    metals  and  their  salts,  along  with  their  respective CAS  Registry




    Numbers.   This will  enable  searches  to be  be conducted  for  those




    compounds with  one entry  (e.g.  Fe  for  iron  and  iron  salts)  rather




    than using all the different CAS Registry Numbers.






o   Chemical Regulatory Status;   This indicates whether  the  chemical is




    explicitly,  implicitly,  or not  regulated,  or  of  unknown regulatory




    status.    Some  chemicals may  be  explicitly  regulated  in  one  sub-




    category, implicitly  regulated  in another,  and  not regulated  in  a




    third,  all  in  the same  industry.   Because a chemical  is not listed




    more than once per industry per regulation,  such chemicals are listed




    in  the   "regulated"  chemicals  section  and  omitted  from  the  "not




    regulated" section.  In  situations such  as  that just described,  this




    decision-rule may tend to skew the data slightly.






    Chemicals Explicitly  Regulated;    These  chemicals  include only those




    explicitly   noted  in   the   applicable  regulation  or   proposed




    regulation.   Any contradictions between the regulation  (regardless of




    status)   and lists  of chemicals  recommended for  regulation  in  the




    development document are resolved in favor of the former.  Thus,  if a




    chemical is  recommended  for regulation  in  the  development document,




    but is  not  found  in the corresponding regulation,  the chemical will




    not be  included under  "Chemicals Explicitly Regulated."  Conversely,




    a chemical listed in a regulation but not necessarily recommended for




    regulation in the development document will be listed in  this column.
                                -10-

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This  category  also  includes  chemicals  named  in  the  title   of  a




regulation that imposes  a  requirement of,  for example,  "no discharge




permitted."    All  other  chemicals  associated  with  an  industry,




subcategory,   or process  governed by such  a regulation  are  to  be




included  under  the  "chemicals  implictly  regulated"  category.   For




example,  in a hypothetical Uranium-238 manufacturing subcategory,  in




which no discharge of process wasterwater is permitted,  U-238 will be




explicitly  regulated,  while  all  other chemicals  involved  in this




process and found in the effluent will be implicitly regulated.






If  a  constituent  of  an inorganic  compound  is  explictly regulated,




then  the  whole  compound  is  considered  explicitly regulated.   For




instance,  if "lead" is explicitly regulated, various lead salts known




to be used in the industry are considered explicitly regulated.  This




principle  does  not  apply  to  organic  compounds.    For  example,  if




benzene   is   regulated,    chlorobenzene  will   not   necessarily  be




considered explicitly regulated.






With  respect  to an  industry subcategory1s  "regulatory burden," the




column  referring  to explicitly  regulated chemicals may  be somewhat




misleading.   If,  for example,  a chemical is  subject  to  an effluent




limitation for one only process in a particular industry subcategory,




that  chemical  is  listed as explicitly regulated,  even  though that




subcategory  may  contain  a  multitude  of  processes  for which  the




chemical  in  question may  be unregulated.    Thus,  for a particular




industry,  the overall regulatory burden may appear to be greater than




it actually is.
                            -11-

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    Chemicals Implicitly  Regulated;   There are four  general classes  of




    "Chemicals Implictly Regulated."






1.   Chemicals described as implicitly regulated  (in a  list or  tabular




    form)  in  a development document or in  a  an appendix to the  relevant




    Federal Register notice;






2.   Chemicals known to be regulated by indicator pollutants or parameters




    (e.g., various  heavy metals  used  in  an  industry may  be implicitly




    regulated if an indicator such as pH is explicitly regulated);  Within




    this class,  the decision rules were applied:






    (a) If total suspended solids are explicitly regulated, then  any




        compounds known  to be in  solid  form in process wastewaters  are




        considered implicitly regulated.   Ihis  may in some cases  include




        substances, such  as  oil  and  grease  (where  these  are  not also




        explicitly regulated),  that are poorly  soluble  in  water  but  are




        not necessarily in solid form.






    (b) If pH is explicitly regulated, then any inorganic compound with




        "acid" or  "base"  in  its  name or  known  to  be  an acid  or base




        (e.g.,   oleum,   sodium   hydroxide)  is   considered   implicitly




        regulated.  This does not apply to  organic acids.






    (c) If oil and grease are explicitly regulated, then any  compound




        obviously  an  oil  and grease  and   known  to  be  found in  process




        wastewaters is considered implicitly regulated.
                                -12-

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    (d) If total organic carbon is explicitly regulated, then any organic




        compound known  to  be  present in the  effluent,  and not otherwise




        explicitly  regulated  or excluded from  regulation,  is considered




        implicitly regulated.







    (e) If five-day biological oxygen demand  (BOD ) is explicitly




        regulated,   then   chemicals  known   to  be   biodegradable  are




        considered implicitly regulated.







3.  Chemicals used in an industry  (and which  have been detected in




    process  wastewaters)   where  the  regulation  or  proposed regulation




    calls  for,   e.g.,   "no discharge  of  process  wastewaters,"  without




    specifically designating any pollutants;  and







4.  Chemicals that are neither explicitly regulated nor excluded from




    regulation,   which  are  detected  in  significant quantitites  at more




    than one source.







Chemicals Not Regulated:  These chemicals include those designated  in the




Federal Register announcement to be excluded  from regulation.  Generally,




such  exclusions  are based  (in  the case of  effluent  limitations)  on the




Natural Resources Defense  Council  Settlement Agreement.   Example of such




specific exclusions include:







1.  chemicals  detected  in  "environmentally  insignificant"  amounts  in




 effluent wastewaters;







2.  chemicals detected at only one location; and
                                -13-

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3.  chemicals whose emission  levels  cannot  be  reduced further by current




    treatment techniques.






Also  included  in this category  are  chemicals  emitted  to  other  media if




such  chemicals are  not emitted to the medium  of  interest.   For example,




if a  regulation covers  wastewater  effluent,  air emissions  of chemicals




thought to be absent  from effluent water  are considered not regulated by




the regulation of interest,  even though such air emissions may be subject




to another regulation.






Priority pollutants not detected in effluent wastewaters and not known to




be used  in  a  given  industry are not  included  in  this  (or  any other)




category.






There  has  been  some  difficulty classifying chemicals  used   in  some




industries (particularly non-priority pollutants)  with regard to whether




they  should  fall  into this  category  or  "Chemicals Implicitly Regulated."




Generally such chemicals have been put into this category in order not to




overstate  regulatory   burdens.    There  may, however,   be  some  cases  of




misclassification.






Chemical of  Unknown Regulatory Status;   This  category includes chemicals




whose  regulatory status is  not ascertainable  from  available documents.




For example,  chemicals that would obviously be implicitly regulated under




Clean Water  Act  regulations,  if  found in  the  waste stream, have been put




in the "unknown" category if  there is no evidence (e.g., sampling data or




process descriptions)  that  such chemicals have in fact been detected in




the waste  stream.   Since extensive  waste stream  sampling has been done
                                -14-

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only for the 129 priority pollutants, the unknown category will generally




include non-priority pollutants.






o   SIC Code(s);   The Standard Industrial  Classification  (SIC)  Codes of




    the U.S.  Office  of  Management  and  Budget  refer  to  the particular




    industry segment.   Often,  more than one  four-digit  SIC code applies




    to each industry  segment being  regulated.   However,  if more than one




    subcategory exists for  an  industry,  individual  SIC code numbers will




    not necessarily  correspond to the individual subcategories.   An SIC




    code  number may  therefore overlap  several subcategories,  and vice




    versa.






o   Subsegment  Code:   The  industry  subsegment code number  taken  from a




    list provided by EPA.






o   Authority:     The  popular  name  of   the  legislation  from which EPA




    derives its authority  to  promulgate regulations  (e.g.,  Clean Water




    Act).






o   Regulation  Status;  Proposed,  interim final, or final.






o   Section;  The  sections  of  the legislation  under whose authority the




    regulation has been promulgated.






o   Description;   The title  of  the  regulation  as  it  is found  in the




    Federal Register.






o   Precision of Quantification;   The methodology employed by EPA or its




    contractors  in  developing support  documentation  for   the  control




    measures designated  in the  regulation,  and indicating  whether the




    precision of quantification is "estimated" or "empirical".







                                -15-

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o   Media;  The media directly  affected  by the regulation.   For example,




    for  regulations  promulgated  under  the Clean  Water Act,  the  medium




    directly  affected  is  surface  water,  even  though  control  measures




    undertaken may  have  an  effect on air  pollution and solid  waste as




    well.







o   Type  of  Technology;     This  lists  the  generic control  technology




    acronyms  found  in  the  regulation.    Regulations  promulgated  under




    legislation other than  the  Clean Water Act or  Clean Air Act may not




    contain any  such labelling of  control  technology.   For  the  Clean




    Water   Act   this   category  will  include  BPT  (best  practicable




    technology),  BAT (best  available technology),  BCT (best conventional




    technology),   NSPS   (new   source  performance   standards),     PSNS




    (pretreatment  standards  for  new sources),  and PSES   (pretreatment




    standards  for  existing  sources).   The  only  such  industry-specific




    technology listed under the  Clean  Air Act will  be  NSPS (new source




    performance  standards).    Technologies  specified  for   a  particular




    chemical will be used separately  for that chemical  (see  Technology on




    P- 18).






o   Industrial  Subcategory;    Designations  based  generally  on an  EPA




    analysis of industrial  structure and processes in order to subdivide




    the  industry  segments  for  regulatory  purposes.   Subcategories  are




    listed  in both  the regulations and  development documents,  but may or




    may not be discussed separately  in the latter.
                                -16-

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    Formal industry  subcategorization does not  apply  across media under




    different regulatory  authorities.   Industry  subcategories  under the




    Clean Air Act, therefore, do not easily correspond to those developed




    under  the  Clean Water  Act,  the  Resource Conservation  and Recovery




    Act, etc.







    EPA  may  revise  its  analysis  of  what makes  regulatory sense  with




    respect  to  subcategorization.    When  this  happens,  the  number  of




    subcategories in an existing  (e.g.,  BPT)  regulation may be different




    from that in  a proposed  (e.g.,  BAT)  regulation.   For  example,  iron




    and  steel manufacturing BPT effluent  guideline  limitations included




    26 subcategories, while  the promulgated BAT regulations include only




    12.







    A number precedes each  subcategory name.  These  numbers are used to




    identify   subcategories    associated   with    particular    control




    technologies  and uses for a particular chemical.   For  subcategories




    in which no discharge of  process  wastewater  is  allowed,  this will be




    noted  parenthetically  after  the  name  of  the  subcategory—i.e.,




    "(NDA)" or "(NDA for BPT, PSNS)".







o   Subcategory Number;    This number  (referenced to the previous listing




    of   industrial  subcategories)  indicates   which  subcategories  are




    affected  by   particular  control  technologies.    While  it  would  be




    desirable to  have these subcategories  also  correspond  to industrial




    uses as well,  use information in the development and other regulatory




    documents is  often unavailable in a subcategory-specific form.
                                -17-

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o   References:  Reference materials will be noted parenthetically in the




    "uses,"  "technologies"  and  "descriptor"  columns,  adjacent  to  the




    information  extracted from  each  source.    References will  each be




    assigned  a  bibliographic  number  for  use  in  these  fields.    The




    notation  will  be  as  follows:    (R7:23-26),  where R7  refers  to the




    seventh reference  on  the  overall  bibliography,   and  23-26 indicates




    the relevant pages from that reference.







    Occasionally a  chemical  use  may  not  be  specificed  in  a  support




    document,  but its use  in a given industry is relatively certain.  In




    such cases  the use  will be listed,  followed by the  letter  "J" in




    parentheses.







o   Technology:  This refers to the type of technology mandated by the




    regulation   or   proposed  regulation  for   a  particular  chemical.




    Examples include BAT,  BPT,  BCT,  NSPS, PSES,  and PSNS.  Except where




    otherwise  indicated,  this  information  is  generally   given  only  for




    explicitly  regulated  chemicals.    This  information  is  listed  for




    implicitly  regulated  chemicals  only where  it is uneguivocally clear




    which  technology  is  mandated.   For  chemicals  not  regulated  or of




    unknown regulatory status,  such information is irrelevant.







    The  technology  mandated  consists  of  generic  control  standards,




    without reference  to any  specific  control technology.   For regula-




    tions  implementing legislation other  than the Clean Water Act, there




    may not be  standards  whose names can be  conveniently abbreviated in




    an acronym.  Thus,  for example,  under RCRA,  generators of hazardous




    wastes  must follow   the  regulations  of  40  CFR Part  262,  but no







                                -18-

-------
    specific generic control technology is described under it.  Thus, for




    regulations promulgated  under statutes other  than  the  Clean  Air and




    Clean Water Acts, the technology category may be left blank.






    In some  instances of  effluent guidelines and pretreatment standards,




    the regulation may  state  "No  limitation" on discharges of particular




    chemicals.   In  such cases, the  technology will be considered to be




    inapplicable to the chemical in question and will not be listed.






o   CFR Citation;  The  title  part of the  Code of Federal Regulations and




    the date of  the  CFR  consulted;  in  most cases  this  will be July,




    1981.     CFR  citations  are included   for  proposed  regulations even




    though  they  are not  yet  formally  a  part of  the  code.   (In these




    cases, the date of the CFR consulted cannot be included).






o   FR Citation;   The  Federal Register  citation(s)  by volume  and page




    number for each regulation.   A final  regulation may have multiple FR




    citations because of revisions.   The  title of the regulation,  having




    been  listed  under  the  category  "Description"  (above),  will  not be




    listed again here.






o   Reference  Citation;     The   title(s)   and   document   number(s)  of




    references used to extract data.






o   Descriptor;  This category provides a variety of information about a




    chemical or pollutant.   For  example,   Clean Water  Act  pollutants may




    be described as  conventional,  toxic,  or non-conventional.   Chemicals




    in other media  are  subject   to  other  EPA  classification  schemes.




    Other  data are also included since this is considered to be a "catch-
                                -19-

-------
all" category.   An example of  such  data is a designation  by one or




two letter  codes  identifying  why a particular priority  pollutant is




not to  be  regulated under proposed  BAT regulations, such  as "NT"  -




not treatable by available control technology.






Other abbreviations include:









A     =  artifact




UO    =  unique occurrence




X     =  effectively controlled by other guidelines




NT    =  not treatable by current methods




ND    =  no standard definition of the pollutant




El    =  environmentally insignificant




BL    =  below nominal detection limits




C     =  conventional pollutant (CWA)




NC    =  nonconventional pollutant (CWA)




T     =  toxic pollutant (CWA) or toxic waste (RCRA)




CR    =  criteria pollutant (CAA)




NCR   =  noncriteria pollutant (CAA)




RCRA  =  source-specific  codes  (e.g.,  "KO52"  - leaded  tank bottoms




         from the petroleum refining industry).






With  respect to  Clean  Water  Act pollutants,   EPA's classifications




have been somewhat expanded to suit the needs of this data base.






    Conventional  pollutants—These  include  total  suspended solids,




    pH, oil and grease, BOD5,  and fecal coliforms.
                            -20-

-------
        Toxic pollutants—These  include  the 129 CWA  priority pollutants




        as well  as compounds  containing  inorganic  components  from  the




        list  of   129.    For example,  lead  and  mercury  are  both  toxic




        pollutants, thus all inorganic compounds of  lead  and mercury are




        also in this category.   This  inclusionary  rule does not apply to




        organics  on the priority pollutant list.






        Nonconventional pollutants—These  include  all pollutants that do




        not fall  within either of the above categories.  Examples of such




        pollutants include  chemical  oxygen demand,  total  organic carbon,




        total dissolved solids,  sulfides,  chlorides,  etc.   Also included




        in this category are derivatives of organic priority pollutants.




        The "nonconventional"  group  is by  far  the largest  of  the  three




        pollutant  groups  insofar  as  the categories  of   "chemicals  not




        regulated"  and  "chemicals   of  unknown  regulatory status"  are




        concerned,  in  part because  many  chemicals  within  the  latter




        categories  are  used   in  industry  but   are not  necessarily




        pollutants.  If it  is  not clear  whether  particular chemicals are




        present in the  waste stream,  they have  been generally classified




        in the "Chemicals of Unknown Regulatory Status" category.






The descriptor column  also  includes  reuse/release  information concerning




the  immediate  environmental  fate of various  chemicals,   whenever  such




information is available.   There are very few data—either qualitative or




quantitative—on   recycling  or  reuse  of  specific  chemicals.   Most  such




information is process and not chemical specific,   and  thus  cannot  be




incorporated.
                                -21-

-------
Where  chemical-specific  information concerning emissions  to other media




is available,  it  will be included  in  the  descriptor category.  However,




such  information  is  sparse,  and  is  generally qualitative  and process-




specific, not quantitative and chemical-specific.   For example, it may be




indicated in  a  Clean  Water  Act document that chromium-containing sludges




are  used as  land  fill.    Rarely will  there be  quantitative emissions




estimates.







o   Uses;  Nine code  letters are used for chemical uses:







    F   =   feedstock




    I   =   intermediate




    B   =   byproduct




    C   =   contaminant




    P   =   product




    S   -   solvent




    0   =   other (with the specific use listed)




    U   =   unknown or unavailable




    N   =   not applicable.







Byproducts  are  distinguished  from  contaminants  (insofar  as  this is




possible) in  that the former are  changed  by the  industrial process(es),




while  the latter remain  unchanged.   The  "U" category  will be used  for




chemicals noted  in  the development document and/or  the regulation whose




use(s)  cannot be  readily  ascertained.   More often than  not, subcategory-




specific  uses are not identified  in  the development  documents or other




references.     However,   where  chemical  uses  are  identified  with   a
                                -22-

-------
particular  subcategory,  this  will  be   indicated  by   a   parenthetical




notation of the latter  (by number)  following the use designation.







The  "N"  code  will  be  used  for  pollution   parameters  that  have  no




industrial use per se, such as pH,  BOD  , COD and total organic  carbon.







For  chemicals regulated  concurrently  in  different media,  or for  those




currently  subject  to  regulation  and  which  are  included  in  proposed




regulations,  chemical  uses  may be  listed  only once (e.g.,  in  a  document




for  a   proposed  Clean  Water  Act  regulation,  but  not   in  the  document




concerning  the  corresponding existing  regulations).   In cases where the




use  category  is  left blank,  other  documents  containing  such  information




will  be  cross-referenced.    For example,  if  the uses category   in  a




document  based  on  an  existing  regulation   is left  blank,  it  will  be




cross-referenced to a document based  on a  proposed  or  existing  regulation




that contains information on  relevant chemical uses.
                                -23-

-------
     3.  SCHEMA OF  DATA COMPONENTS AND BASIC RETRIEVAL COMMANDS

     The  structure of  the data base  management  system, System  2000, is  such

     that a  hierarchy  of  data  elements  is  required to  organize  and store  the

     information.   Each of  the data elements  in this  hierarchy  is assigned  a

     component number.   All on-line  IPIS searches can  only be conducted using

     these  numbers.   A sample of these component  numbers  and  corresponding

     component names  appears below:
DATA BASE NAME  IS  IPS
DEFINITION NUMBER  1
DATA BASE CYCLE 32
 1*  SUBMISSION-NUMBER
 2*  AUTHORITY
 3*  REGULATION-SECTION
 4*  REGULATION-STATUS
 5*  PRECISION-OF-QUANTIPICATION
 6*  MEDIA
 7*  TECHNOLOGY-TYPES
 8*  DESCRIPTION-LIST
  9*  DESCRIPTION
10*  INDUSTRY-INFORMATION
  1 1*  INDUSTRY-CODE
  12*  INDUSTRY-SEGMENT
  1 3*  SUB-SEGMENT-LIST
    14*  SUB-SEGMENT
    15*  SUB-SEGMENT
    24*  CHEMICAL-STATUS-INFORMATION
      25*  CHEMICAL-STATUS
      26*  CHEMICAL-INFORMATION
        27*   CASE-NUMBER
        28*   CHEMICAL-CODE-NUMBER
          29*   CHEMICAL-ELEMENT-CODE
          30*   CHEMICAL-NAME-SEGMENTS
           3 1 *   CHEMICAL-NAME
          32*   CHEMICAL-DESCRIPTOR-LIST
           33*   DESCRIPTOR
          34*   CHEMICAL-USES
           35*   USE-CODE
           36*   USE-NAME
           37*   USE-REFERENCE
           38*   USE-SUBCATEGORIES
             39* USE-SUBCATEGORY-ID
             40* USE-TECHNOLOGIES
             41 * REFERENCE-OF-SUBCATEGORY
                                       -24-

-------
16*  SIC-CODE-LIST
  17*  SIC-CODE
18*  SUBCATEOGORY-NUMBER
  19*  SUBCATEGORY-NUMBER
  20*  SUBCATEGORY
21*  CITATIONS
  22*  CITATION-TYPE
  23*  CITATION-NAME
     It  is  impossible for  a  user to retrieve  any data from  the  IFIS (or any

System  2000  data file)  without these component  numbers.    A  complete,  up-to-

date component number  list  will appear  in the  IFIS Users Manual.


     There  are  a number of  immediate  access  retrieval commands  that  can be

used to  access data  from the Industry File  Index  System.   The most frequently

used are the  "PRINT" and "LIST"  commands.  The  requests would be structured as

follows:


              Print   Where :

              List   Where  :


The   is  the component number, written  in  the form C34  (or whatever

number  corresponds   to  the item  of  information  desired)  and the   represents  the specifics of the  request.   For example, if a

user wanted  to  know  what  industries  use the  chemical benzene,  the  request,

using the component number  schema presented in the beginning  of this section,

would look like this:


                     List C11,  C12 Where  C7  Equals 71432:


(C11 is  the component  number  for the industry code;  C12 the industry name and

C27 the CAS number.   71432  is the CAS number for  benzene.)
                                      -25-

-------
           The report would  look like this:

>LI C11, C12 WH C27  EQ  71432:

*    INDUSTRY-CODE   INDUSTRY-SEGMENT
***        29 LEATHER TANNING  AND FINISHING INDUSTRY
*          61 SURFACE COATING  AND PRINTING INDUSTRY
*          63 TIMBER PRODUCTS
*          28 IRON AND  STEEL MANUFACTURING
*          27 INORGANIC CHEMICALS
*          51 RUBBER PROCESSING
Note that "List,"  "Where"  and  "Equal"  can be abbreviated.  The  ":"  must always
be at the end  of the request in  order  to process it.  The print  command would
look like this:

>PR C11, C12,  WH C27  Eg 71432:

    11*   29
    12*   LEATHER  TANNING  AND  FINISHING INDUSTRY
    11*   61
    12*   SURFACE  COATING  AND  PRINTING INDUSTRY
    11*   63
    12*   TIMBER PRODUCTS
    11*   28
    12*   IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING
    11*   27
    12*   INORGANIC CHEMICALS
    11*   51
    12*   RUBBER PROCESSING
                                      -26-

-------
The  "LIST"  command lists  data vertically  and  the "PRINT"  command  also lists
data vertically  (and  horizontally depending  on  the request) but  includes  the
component number in the  report.
     The reports shown  here reflect a small  percentage  of  the  industries that
will ultimately be contained  in the data  base.

     Batch  reports  for  a chemical, industry  or  regulation  will  be  available.
The layout of these reports appear on  figures 1-3.

     The IFIS Users Manual  will describe  the  retrieval commands in more detail
and provide additional examples of their  applications.
                                     -27-

-------
4.   ILLUSTRATIVE USES OF THE INDUSTRY FILE  INDEX  SYSTEM
     Sample queries  include but are not limited  to:
          1.  List  industries that use cadmium  and  the uses of
             cadmium in that industry.
LIST/TITLE  (13 I)/  C1 1,  C1 2,  C35  WH C29 EQ  CD:



*  INDUSTRY-CODE    INDUSTRY-SEGMENT                            USE-CODE

***

*           38       OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION                          C

*           29       LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY         U

*           29       LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY         0

*           29       LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY         0

*           61       SURFACE COATING AND PRINTING INDUSTRY          C

*           61       SURFACE COATING AND PRINTING INDUSTRY          U

*           10       CEMENT MANUFACTURING                            C

*           63       TIMBER PRODUCTS                                 U

*           46       PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING  INDUSTRY               C

*           49       PORCELAIN ENAMELING                             0

*           49       PORCELAIN ENAMELING                             O

*           28       IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING                   O

*           28       IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING                   C

*           28       IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING                   O

*           28       IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING                   O
                                       -28-

-------
         2.  Which Chemicals Are Associated With  the  Iron  And
             Steel Industry?  (This Request Was Restricted To
             Explicitly Regulated Chemicals).
LIST /TITLE  (131)/ C6,  C25,  C27,  C31,  OB C6, C25 WH C1 1  EQ  28 AND C25 EQ E:

*  MEDIA   CHEMICAL-STATUS   CAS-NUMBER      CHEMICAL-NAME
* * *


*  AIR     E

*  SOLID WASTE/
 SLUDGES

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

FROM COKING OPERATIONS

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER

*  SURFACE WATER
109

E


E

E

E


E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E
PARTICULATE MATTER

209        EMISSION CONTROL DUSTS
SLUDGES

65996750   SPENT  PICKLE LIQUOR

209        AMMONIA  STILL LIME SLUDGE

89         DECANTER TANK TAR SLUDGE



7439921    LEAD

71         CYANIDE

7440473    CHROMIUM

7440439    CADMIUM

91203      NAPHTHALENE

72         PHENOL/PHENOLICS

7440382    ARSENIC

91203      NAPTHALENE

71432      BENZENE

195        PH

72         PHENOLS  (4AAP)

57125      CYANIDE

50328      BENZO(A)PYRENE

109        TSS

7782505    TOTAL  RESIDUAL CHLORINE

7439921    LEAD

7440666    ZINC

7440473    CHROMIUM

7440224    NICKEL

127184     TETRACHLOROETHYLENE

7664417    AMMONIA-N

161         OIL AND  GREASE
                                      -29-

-------
         3.  List The Media,  Chemical Status, CAS Number  and
             Chemical Names  For The Explicitly Regulated
             Chemicals  In  The Iron and Steel Industry.
LIST/TITLE  (131)/C6,

*  MEDIA    E
***
*  AIR      E


*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE


*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SOLID WASTE

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER

*  SURFACE  WATER
C25,

109

209


E

E

E


E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E
C27, C31, OB C6, C25 WH  C1 1  EQ 28 AND C25 EO E:

     PARTICULATE MATTER

EMISSION CONTROL DUSTS/
                SLUDGES
               65996750

                     209

                      89
 FROM COKING OPERATIONS

                 7439921

                      71

                 7440473

                 7440439

                   91203

                      72

                 7440382

                   91 203

                   71432

                     195

                      72

                   57125

                   50328

                     109

                 7782505

                 7439921

                 7440666

                 7440473

                 7440224

                  127184

                 7664417

                     161
SPENT PICKLE LIOUOR

AMMONIA STILL LIME SLUDGE

DECANTER TANK TAR SLUDGE


LEAD

CYANIDE

CHROMIUM

CADMIUM

NAPHTHALENE

PHENOL/PHENOLICS

ARSENIC

NAPTHALENE

BENZENE

PH

PHENOLS (4AAP)

CYANIDE

BENZO(A)PYRENE

TSS

TOTAL RESIDUAL  CHLORINE

LEAD

ZINC

CHROMIUM

NICKEL

TETRACHLOROETHYLENE

AMMONIA-M

OIL AND GREASE
                                      -30-

-------
5.   REQUEST PROCEDURES
     The  IFIS  operates  on  the  EPA  Data Processing  Services  SPERRY  UNIVAC
     1100/82  Utilizing  EXEC  Level   36R2D.    Users  will  be  able  to  receive
     information at the  terminal,  route  the output to a printer  from  within  an
     interactive  run,  or  initiate  a  batch  standard  report  from  within  an
     interactive run.  Procedures  for each route will be provided  in  the Users
     Manual.

     It  is necessary  that users  obtain an  account  with the  UNIVAC staff  at
     Research Triangle Park  (RTP)  and a  password.  Users Support  in  RTP can  be
     contacted  at  919-541-3649  or FYS-629-3649.   The Project Officer,  Daryl
     Kaufman,  is available for questions or computer  runs and can  be  reached  at
     202-382-3399.   The Industry  File  Index System  is  expected  to be  fully
     operational by  the  end of  August 1983.   System updates  (e.g.,  finalized
     regulations) and maintenance will be an  ongoing project.

     The Chemical Coordination Staff  is  currently negotiating with EPA computer
     specialists  about  the  possibilities  of   transferring  the  IFIS  to  the
     Chemical Information  System  (CIS).   Until the IFIS is fully  accessible  on
     CIS, it will always be available on the  UNIVAC through System  2000.
                                     -31-

-------
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