United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Pesticides
and Toxic Substances(TS-799)
Washington DC 20460
EPA 560ATIIS-83-002
June 1983
Toxic Integration Information Series
Overview of the
Industry Rle Index System
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OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY FILE INDEX SYSTEM
Prepared and Edited by:
Daryl Kaufman, M.S.
Donn Viviani, Ph.D.
prctection
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, Illinois 60604
Chemical Coordination Staff
Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances
Environmental Protection Agency
May, 1983
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Table of Contents Page
1. INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 What Is the IFIS? 3
1.2 Why Do We Need An IFIS? 3
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INDUSTRY FILE INDEX SYSTEM 5
2.1 Development 5
2.2 Capabilities 5
2.3 Categories of Data Elements 8
3. SCHEMA OF DATA COMPONENTS AND BASIC RETRIEVAL COMMANDS 25
4. ILLUSTRATIVE USES OF THE INDUSTRY FILE INDEX SYSTEM 30
5. REQUEST PROCEDURES 33
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OTHER PUBLICATIONS IN THE
TOXICS INTEGRATION POLICY SERIES:
State Administrative Models for Toxic Substances Management
(July 1980) EPA-560/13-80-018; PB81-14373
State Integrated Toxics Management: Fact and Challenge
(July 1981) EPA-560/TIPS-81-001; PB81-242406
Chemical Substances Designation (December 1981)
EPA-560/TIIS-82; PB83-130294
OTHER PUBLICATIONS IN THE
TOXICS INTEGRATION INFORMATION SERIES:
EPA Chemical Activities Status Report - 1st Edition
(June 1979) EPA-560/13-79-003
EPA Chemical Activities Status Report - 2nd Edition
(December 1980) EPA-560/13-80-040(a), PB81-176414;
EPA-13-80-040(b), PB81-176422
EPA Chemical Activities Status Report - 3rd Edition
(June 1982) EPA-560/TIIS-82-002a,-002b
Directory of Federal Coordinating Groups for Toxic
Substances - 1st Edition (June 1979), 2nd Edition
(March 1980) EPA-560/13-80-008; PB80-177314
Federal Activities in Toxic Substances (May 1980)
EPA-560/13-80-015, Revised, May 1983; PB-157638
Perspectives on the Top 50 Production Volume Chemicals -
(July 1980) EPA-560/13-80-27; PB80-221682
Perspectives on State-EPA Grant Activities (September 1980)
EPA-560/13-80-037; PB82-229105
Chemical Selection Methods: An Annotated Bibliography
(November 1980) EPA-560/TIIS-80-001; PB81-241481
TSCA Status Report for Existing Chemicals - Volume 1, Issue 2
(July 1980) EPA-560/13-80-033
TSCA Status Report for Existing Chemicals - Volume 2, Issue 2
(July 1981) EPA-560/TIIS-81-004
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Chemical Information Resources Handbook (January 1981)
(EPA-560/TTIS-81-002; PB82-225657
Measuring and Comparing the Cost-Effectiveness of EPA
Regulatory Efforts to Control Toxics-Related Health
Risks, Vol. 1: Feasibility Study (June 1981)
EPA-560/TIIS-82-007
Toxic Substances Control Act Grants to States (July 1981)
EPA-560/TIIS-81-003; PB81-232969
TSCA Chemicals in Commerce Inventory: Regional and States
Perspectives (August 1981) EPA-560/TIIS-81-005
Chemical Substances Designation (December 1981)
EPA-560/TIIS-82-003, PB83-130294; -004, PB83-130302; -005,
PB83-130310; -006; PB83-130328
State integration Toxics Management: 18 Profiles
(December 1982) EPA-560/TIIS - 81-005-1
For copies, contact:
National Technical Information Service
4285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
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1 . INTRODUCTION
1.1 What Is The IFIS?
The Industry File Information System (IFIS) is an automated guide to
EPA's chemical regulations as viewed from an industry perspective. The
IFIS enables the user to determine, for any particular industry, which
chemicals are used or produced, whether and how these chemicals are
regulated, and, if regulated, under what authority.
1.2 Why Do We Need An IFIS?
EPA's seven major legislative authorities (CAA, CERCLA, CWA, FIFRA, SDWA,
TSCA and RCRA) were each enacted to correct different types of
environmental problems. The regulations developed under these acts each
regulates different "things"; i.e. chemicals, chemical classes,
surrogates, uses, processes, process categories, and entire industries.
These differences in (1) how regulations are structured, and (2) "what
things are called," under different authorities complicate the task of
organizing regulations by chemical and by the industry affected. Simple,
yet important questions, such as "what regulations affect industry X?" or
"in what industries is chemical Y regulated?" could not be answered
without a major research effort.
In the IFIS, all the terminology peculiar to individual regulations e.g.,
surrogates, VOC, etc., are reduced to their component chemicals as are
processes and uses. The resulting 5,000 plus chemical entries are
grouped under 63 industry headings. This enables the user to quickly
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assess regulatory requirements for a given industry, the industries which
are regulated for a particular chemical, and other questions important
for regulatory development review and analyses.
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2. DESCRIPTION OF INDUSTRY FILE INDEX SYSTEM
2.1 Development
All EPA regulatory support materials that could be obtained (development
documents, background documents, etc.) from the respective program
offices—water, air, hazardous waste—for these industry-based
regulations were reviewed. From these documents, specific pieces of
information relevant to chemicals and their relationship to the
particular industry were extracted [Chemical Abstract Service (CAS)
registry number, chemical uses, regulatory status, industry (industry
subcategories, control technologies required by the regulation)] for
inclusion in the data base. Regulatory information (authority and
sections, status—final or proposed) and general information, such as
affected media and precision of quantification (empirical or estimated)
are also provided. A large descriptor field for each chemical will
include emissions data when available and other relevant chemical or
industry information. These categories are described in more detail in
section 2.3.
2.2 Capabilities
The various combinations of these pieces of information will enable the
user to address four basic questions:
1. What chemicals are associated with Industry X?
2. How is Chemical Y used in Industry Y?
3. What industries use Chemical Y?
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4. What industry-specific regulations are proposed or in effect
for Industry X or Chemical Y? Users should be aware that
only regulations for specific industries will be included —
not all Agency regulations.
Users will be able to refine their requests for combinations of specific
industries, chemicals, and uses. Because subcategories vary from
industry to industry, specific information for subcategories will be
available for each industry once the user is on-line and retrieving
information for that industry.
The data base can be accessed through the EPA UNIVAC in RTF via the
System 2000 Data Base Management System. With this DBMS, the IFIS does
not automatically provide the user with all the information it contains
on a certain chemical, industry, or regulation unless it is specifically
requested in the retrieval command. Users gain access to the various
categories of information, described in detail below, through "component
numbers"; each category of information is assigned its own component
number (see Section 3). This is a characteristic of the design of System
2000.
The IFIS uniquely links together chemical/regulatory/industry-specific
information for any industry for which EPA has proposed or promulgated
regulations. Other data bases may be used to supplement the chemical,
regulatory, and/or industry information which IFIS provides.
For example, the IFIS allows the user to retrieve chemical information,
such as chemical use data, by both industrial subcategory and regulatory
status. To learn about the toxicological effects associated with the
chemicals of interest (information which IFIS does not contain), the user
can turn to the RTECS or Carcinogenesis Bioassay Data System data bases.
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Regulatory information can be searched by industry on the IFIS. This can
be accomplished by using a designated Industry Code (contained in the
Users Guide) and chemical (CAS or SEQ number). The IFIS, for instance,
can identify proposed, interim final, and final EPA-issued regulations of
chemicals for any regulated industry and its subcategories. The IFIS can
also indicate whether the chemicals are explicitly regulated, implicitly
regulated, unregulated, or are of unknown regulatory status, for each
industry and its subcategories identified in a regulation.
In contrast to the IFIS, the Chemical Regulations and Guidelines System
(CRGS) data base does not include data on proposed regulations. Chemical
Regulations and Guidelines System however, does provide the user with
more detailed descriptions of final regulations than does the Industry
File. Similarly, a user seeking to locate an Advanced Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking on a chemical or industry would not find it in IFIS, but could
consult with the Federal Register Search System (FRSS) data base.
Industry information, such as what industries and their subcategories
produce Chemical X or are regulated under the authority of Statute Y, can
also be obtained from the IFIS. However, IFIS will not specify
manufacturers by the chemicals they produce. For this information, users
could examine Chemical Plant Data, Directory of Chemical Producers,
Synthetic Organic Chemicals; United States Production and Sales (SYNORG)
publication, the Industrial Press Chemicals (IPC) Data Base, or Organic
Chemical Producers Data Base computerized systems.
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2.3 Categories of Data Elements
The following is a description of the categories of background
information that have been extracted from regulatory development
documents and other sources for inclusion in the IFIS. Before describing
these categories, a few caveats are warranted. The primary information
sources are regulatory development documents which are not intended to
provide complete chemical descriptions of American industry. The list of
chemicals used in a specific industry cannot then, in most cases, be
comprehensive. Indeed, it is apparent that for many industries the list
of chemicals is far from complete. Also, some chemicals listed consist
of complex mixtures or generic categories not ordinarily thought of as
chemicals per se. Examples include copper-bearing scrap, pH, and metal
oxides.
o Industry Code: The Industry Code number is taken from a list
provided by EPA. The EPA project officer listed alphabetically all
industries for which regulations or development documents were
available and assigned them numbers (in seguence). This eliminated
the overlap in the industry names used by the various program offices
and the SICs. The latter are available, but searches cannont be
conducted using them.
o Industry Name (Segment): Self-Explanatory.
o Industry Subsegment: The industry designated in the development
documents—e.g., "Iron and Steel Manufacturing." designations of
industry segments and subcategories may vary in different media. For
example, Clean Water Act regulations are directed at specific point
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source categories identified principally by their products, (e.g.,
gum and wood chemicals, petroleum refining); whereas air regulations,
such as new source performance standards, are directed at different
pollution sources within point source categories and at processes
used in several industries (e.g., incinerators, stationary gas
turbines.)
o Chemical Name and CAS Registry Number; CAS Registry Numbers have
been used to identify as many chemicals as possible using the TSCA
inventory, the most recent EPA Chemical Activities Status Report, the
Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemcial Substances, CHEMLINE (an on-
line data base), and the Chemical Abstracts Substance Index. In
cases where multiple CAS Registry Numbers appear in the same source
document—e.g., if a chemical has multiple molecular formulas—the
lowest number will be used. For substances not having CAS Registry
Numbers, existing or new sequence numbers (SEQ) have been
arbitrarily assigned.
o Element Code: This field has been established to permit users to
search an industry for all known forms of metals used in that
industry. A major shortcoming of the development documents, and some
of the regulations, is that certain chemicals are identified in their
elemental state (e.g., lead, iron), while the industries in question
use non-elemental forms of these chemicals (e.g., lead sulfate, iron
hydroxide, etc.). In most instances only the CAS number for the
elemental form has been included unless information is available on
the substances actually used. To alleviate this problem, an element
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code (the Periodic Chart symbol) will be coded into the data base for
metals and their salts, along with their respective CAS Registry
Numbers. This will enable searches to be be conducted for those
compounds with one entry (e.g. Fe for iron and iron salts) rather
than using all the different CAS Registry Numbers.
o Chemical Regulatory Status; This indicates whether the chemical is
explicitly, implicitly, or not regulated, or of unknown regulatory
status. Some chemicals may be explicitly regulated in one sub-
category, implicitly regulated in another, and not regulated in a
third, all in the same industry. Because a chemical is not listed
more than once per industry per regulation, such chemicals are listed
in the "regulated" chemicals section and omitted from the "not
regulated" section. In situations such as that just described, this
decision-rule may tend to skew the data slightly.
Chemicals Explicitly Regulated; These chemicals include only those
explicitly noted in the applicable regulation or proposed
regulation. Any contradictions between the regulation (regardless of
status) and lists of chemicals recommended for regulation in the
development document are resolved in favor of the former. Thus, if a
chemical is recommended for regulation in the development document,
but is not found in the corresponding regulation, the chemical will
not be included under "Chemicals Explicitly Regulated." Conversely,
a chemical listed in a regulation but not necessarily recommended for
regulation in the development document will be listed in this column.
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This category also includes chemicals named in the title of a
regulation that imposes a requirement of, for example, "no discharge
permitted." All other chemicals associated with an industry,
subcategory, or process governed by such a regulation are to be
included under the "chemicals implictly regulated" category. For
example, in a hypothetical Uranium-238 manufacturing subcategory, in
which no discharge of process wasterwater is permitted, U-238 will be
explicitly regulated, while all other chemicals involved in this
process and found in the effluent will be implicitly regulated.
If a constituent of an inorganic compound is explictly regulated,
then the whole compound is considered explicitly regulated. For
instance, if "lead" is explicitly regulated, various lead salts known
to be used in the industry are considered explicitly regulated. This
principle does not apply to organic compounds. For example, if
benzene is regulated, chlorobenzene will not necessarily be
considered explicitly regulated.
With respect to an industry subcategory1s "regulatory burden," the
column referring to explicitly regulated chemicals may be somewhat
misleading. If, for example, a chemical is subject to an effluent
limitation for one only process in a particular industry subcategory,
that chemical is listed as explicitly regulated, even though that
subcategory may contain a multitude of processes for which the
chemical in question may be unregulated. Thus, for a particular
industry, the overall regulatory burden may appear to be greater than
it actually is.
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Chemicals Implicitly Regulated; There are four general classes of
"Chemicals Implictly Regulated."
1. Chemicals described as implicitly regulated (in a list or tabular
form) in a development document or in a an appendix to the relevant
Federal Register notice;
2. Chemicals known to be regulated by indicator pollutants or parameters
(e.g., various heavy metals used in an industry may be implicitly
regulated if an indicator such as pH is explicitly regulated); Within
this class, the decision rules were applied:
(a) If total suspended solids are explicitly regulated, then any
compounds known to be in solid form in process wastewaters are
considered implicitly regulated. Ihis may in some cases include
substances, such as oil and grease (where these are not also
explicitly regulated), that are poorly soluble in water but are
not necessarily in solid form.
(b) If pH is explicitly regulated, then any inorganic compound with
"acid" or "base" in its name or known to be an acid or base
(e.g., oleum, sodium hydroxide) is considered implicitly
regulated. This does not apply to organic acids.
(c) If oil and grease are explicitly regulated, then any compound
obviously an oil and grease and known to be found in process
wastewaters is considered implicitly regulated.
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(d) If total organic carbon is explicitly regulated, then any organic
compound known to be present in the effluent, and not otherwise
explicitly regulated or excluded from regulation, is considered
implicitly regulated.
(e) If five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD ) is explicitly
regulated, then chemicals known to be biodegradable are
considered implicitly regulated.
3. Chemicals used in an industry (and which have been detected in
process wastewaters) where the regulation or proposed regulation
calls for, e.g., "no discharge of process wastewaters," without
specifically designating any pollutants; and
4. Chemicals that are neither explicitly regulated nor excluded from
regulation, which are detected in significant quantitites at more
than one source.
Chemicals Not Regulated: These chemicals include those designated in the
Federal Register announcement to be excluded from regulation. Generally,
such exclusions are based (in the case of effluent limitations) on the
Natural Resources Defense Council Settlement Agreement. Example of such
specific exclusions include:
1. chemicals detected in "environmentally insignificant" amounts in
effluent wastewaters;
2. chemicals detected at only one location; and
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3. chemicals whose emission levels cannot be reduced further by current
treatment techniques.
Also included in this category are chemicals emitted to other media if
such chemicals are not emitted to the medium of interest. For example,
if a regulation covers wastewater effluent, air emissions of chemicals
thought to be absent from effluent water are considered not regulated by
the regulation of interest, even though such air emissions may be subject
to another regulation.
Priority pollutants not detected in effluent wastewaters and not known to
be used in a given industry are not included in this (or any other)
category.
There has been some difficulty classifying chemicals used in some
industries (particularly non-priority pollutants) with regard to whether
they should fall into this category or "Chemicals Implicitly Regulated."
Generally such chemicals have been put into this category in order not to
overstate regulatory burdens. There may, however, be some cases of
misclassification.
Chemical of Unknown Regulatory Status; This category includes chemicals
whose regulatory status is not ascertainable from available documents.
For example, chemicals that would obviously be implicitly regulated under
Clean Water Act regulations, if found in the waste stream, have been put
in the "unknown" category if there is no evidence (e.g., sampling data or
process descriptions) that such chemicals have in fact been detected in
the waste stream. Since extensive waste stream sampling has been done
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only for the 129 priority pollutants, the unknown category will generally
include non-priority pollutants.
o SIC Code(s); The Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes of
the U.S. Office of Management and Budget refer to the particular
industry segment. Often, more than one four-digit SIC code applies
to each industry segment being regulated. However, if more than one
subcategory exists for an industry, individual SIC code numbers will
not necessarily correspond to the individual subcategories. An SIC
code number may therefore overlap several subcategories, and vice
versa.
o Subsegment Code: The industry subsegment code number taken from a
list provided by EPA.
o Authority: The popular name of the legislation from which EPA
derives its authority to promulgate regulations (e.g., Clean Water
Act).
o Regulation Status; Proposed, interim final, or final.
o Section; The sections of the legislation under whose authority the
regulation has been promulgated.
o Description; The title of the regulation as it is found in the
Federal Register.
o Precision of Quantification; The methodology employed by EPA or its
contractors in developing support documentation for the control
measures designated in the regulation, and indicating whether the
precision of quantification is "estimated" or "empirical".
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o Media; The media directly affected by the regulation. For example,
for regulations promulgated under the Clean Water Act, the medium
directly affected is surface water, even though control measures
undertaken may have an effect on air pollution and solid waste as
well.
o Type of Technology; This lists the generic control technology
acronyms found in the regulation. Regulations promulgated under
legislation other than the Clean Water Act or Clean Air Act may not
contain any such labelling of control technology. For the Clean
Water Act this category will include BPT (best practicable
technology), BAT (best available technology), BCT (best conventional
technology), NSPS (new source performance standards), PSNS
(pretreatment standards for new sources), and PSES (pretreatment
standards for existing sources). The only such industry-specific
technology listed under the Clean Air Act will be NSPS (new source
performance standards). Technologies specified for a particular
chemical will be used separately for that chemical (see Technology on
P- 18).
o Industrial Subcategory; Designations based generally on an EPA
analysis of industrial structure and processes in order to subdivide
the industry segments for regulatory purposes. Subcategories are
listed in both the regulations and development documents, but may or
may not be discussed separately in the latter.
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Formal industry subcategorization does not apply across media under
different regulatory authorities. Industry subcategories under the
Clean Air Act, therefore, do not easily correspond to those developed
under the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act, etc.
EPA may revise its analysis of what makes regulatory sense with
respect to subcategorization. When this happens, the number of
subcategories in an existing (e.g., BPT) regulation may be different
from that in a proposed (e.g., BAT) regulation. For example, iron
and steel manufacturing BPT effluent guideline limitations included
26 subcategories, while the promulgated BAT regulations include only
12.
A number precedes each subcategory name. These numbers are used to
identify subcategories associated with particular control
technologies and uses for a particular chemical. For subcategories
in which no discharge of process wastewater is allowed, this will be
noted parenthetically after the name of the subcategory—i.e.,
"(NDA)" or "(NDA for BPT, PSNS)".
o Subcategory Number; This number (referenced to the previous listing
of industrial subcategories) indicates which subcategories are
affected by particular control technologies. While it would be
desirable to have these subcategories also correspond to industrial
uses as well, use information in the development and other regulatory
documents is often unavailable in a subcategory-specific form.
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o References: Reference materials will be noted parenthetically in the
"uses," "technologies" and "descriptor" columns, adjacent to the
information extracted from each source. References will each be
assigned a bibliographic number for use in these fields. The
notation will be as follows: (R7:23-26), where R7 refers to the
seventh reference on the overall bibliography, and 23-26 indicates
the relevant pages from that reference.
Occasionally a chemical use may not be specificed in a support
document, but its use in a given industry is relatively certain. In
such cases the use will be listed, followed by the letter "J" in
parentheses.
o Technology: This refers to the type of technology mandated by the
regulation or proposed regulation for a particular chemical.
Examples include BAT, BPT, BCT, NSPS, PSES, and PSNS. Except where
otherwise indicated, this information is generally given only for
explicitly regulated chemicals. This information is listed for
implicitly regulated chemicals only where it is uneguivocally clear
which technology is mandated. For chemicals not regulated or of
unknown regulatory status, such information is irrelevant.
The technology mandated consists of generic control standards,
without reference to any specific control technology. For regula-
tions implementing legislation other than the Clean Water Act, there
may not be standards whose names can be conveniently abbreviated in
an acronym. Thus, for example, under RCRA, generators of hazardous
wastes must follow the regulations of 40 CFR Part 262, but no
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specific generic control technology is described under it. Thus, for
regulations promulgated under statutes other than the Clean Air and
Clean Water Acts, the technology category may be left blank.
In some instances of effluent guidelines and pretreatment standards,
the regulation may state "No limitation" on discharges of particular
chemicals. In such cases, the technology will be considered to be
inapplicable to the chemical in question and will not be listed.
o CFR Citation; The title part of the Code of Federal Regulations and
the date of the CFR consulted; in most cases this will be July,
1981. CFR citations are included for proposed regulations even
though they are not yet formally a part of the code. (In these
cases, the date of the CFR consulted cannot be included).
o FR Citation; The Federal Register citation(s) by volume and page
number for each regulation. A final regulation may have multiple FR
citations because of revisions. The title of the regulation, having
been listed under the category "Description" (above), will not be
listed again here.
o Reference Citation; The title(s) and document number(s) of
references used to extract data.
o Descriptor; This category provides a variety of information about a
chemical or pollutant. For example, Clean Water Act pollutants may
be described as conventional, toxic, or non-conventional. Chemicals
in other media are subject to other EPA classification schemes.
Other data are also included since this is considered to be a "catch-
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all" category. An example of such data is a designation by one or
two letter codes identifying why a particular priority pollutant is
not to be regulated under proposed BAT regulations, such as "NT" -
not treatable by available control technology.
Other abbreviations include:
A = artifact
UO = unique occurrence
X = effectively controlled by other guidelines
NT = not treatable by current methods
ND = no standard definition of the pollutant
El = environmentally insignificant
BL = below nominal detection limits
C = conventional pollutant (CWA)
NC = nonconventional pollutant (CWA)
T = toxic pollutant (CWA) or toxic waste (RCRA)
CR = criteria pollutant (CAA)
NCR = noncriteria pollutant (CAA)
RCRA = source-specific codes (e.g., "KO52" - leaded tank bottoms
from the petroleum refining industry).
With respect to Clean Water Act pollutants, EPA's classifications
have been somewhat expanded to suit the needs of this data base.
Conventional pollutants—These include total suspended solids,
pH, oil and grease, BOD5, and fecal coliforms.
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Toxic pollutants—These include the 129 CWA priority pollutants
as well as compounds containing inorganic components from the
list of 129. For example, lead and mercury are both toxic
pollutants, thus all inorganic compounds of lead and mercury are
also in this category. This inclusionary rule does not apply to
organics on the priority pollutant list.
Nonconventional pollutants—These include all pollutants that do
not fall within either of the above categories. Examples of such
pollutants include chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon,
total dissolved solids, sulfides, chlorides, etc. Also included
in this category are derivatives of organic priority pollutants.
The "nonconventional" group is by far the largest of the three
pollutant groups insofar as the categories of "chemicals not
regulated" and "chemicals of unknown regulatory status" are
concerned, in part because many chemicals within the latter
categories are used in industry but are not necessarily
pollutants. If it is not clear whether particular chemicals are
present in the waste stream, they have been generally classified
in the "Chemicals of Unknown Regulatory Status" category.
The descriptor column also includes reuse/release information concerning
the immediate environmental fate of various chemicals, whenever such
information is available. There are very few data—either qualitative or
quantitative—on recycling or reuse of specific chemicals. Most such
information is process and not chemical specific, and thus cannot be
incorporated.
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Where chemical-specific information concerning emissions to other media
is available, it will be included in the descriptor category. However,
such information is sparse, and is generally qualitative and process-
specific, not quantitative and chemical-specific. For example, it may be
indicated in a Clean Water Act document that chromium-containing sludges
are used as land fill. Rarely will there be quantitative emissions
estimates.
o Uses; Nine code letters are used for chemical uses:
F = feedstock
I = intermediate
B = byproduct
C = contaminant
P = product
S - solvent
0 = other (with the specific use listed)
U = unknown or unavailable
N = not applicable.
Byproducts are distinguished from contaminants (insofar as this is
possible) in that the former are changed by the industrial process(es),
while the latter remain unchanged. The "U" category will be used for
chemicals noted in the development document and/or the regulation whose
use(s) cannot be readily ascertained. More often than not, subcategory-
specific uses are not identified in the development documents or other
references. However, where chemical uses are identified with a
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particular subcategory, this will be indicated by a parenthetical
notation of the latter (by number) following the use designation.
The "N" code will be used for pollution parameters that have no
industrial use per se, such as pH, BOD , COD and total organic carbon.
For chemicals regulated concurrently in different media, or for those
currently subject to regulation and which are included in proposed
regulations, chemical uses may be listed only once (e.g., in a document
for a proposed Clean Water Act regulation, but not in the document
concerning the corresponding existing regulations). In cases where the
use category is left blank, other documents containing such information
will be cross-referenced. For example, if the uses category in a
document based on an existing regulation is left blank, it will be
cross-referenced to a document based on a proposed or existing regulation
that contains information on relevant chemical uses.
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3. SCHEMA OF DATA COMPONENTS AND BASIC RETRIEVAL COMMANDS
The structure of the data base management system, System 2000, is such
that a hierarchy of data elements is required to organize and store the
information. Each of the data elements in this hierarchy is assigned a
component number. All on-line IPIS searches can only be conducted using
these numbers. A sample of these component numbers and corresponding
component names appears below:
DATA BASE NAME IS IPS
DEFINITION NUMBER 1
DATA BASE CYCLE 32
1* SUBMISSION-NUMBER
2* AUTHORITY
3* REGULATION-SECTION
4* REGULATION-STATUS
5* PRECISION-OF-QUANTIPICATION
6* MEDIA
7* TECHNOLOGY-TYPES
8* DESCRIPTION-LIST
9* DESCRIPTION
10* INDUSTRY-INFORMATION
1 1* INDUSTRY-CODE
12* INDUSTRY-SEGMENT
1 3* SUB-SEGMENT-LIST
14* SUB-SEGMENT
15* SUB-SEGMENT
24* CHEMICAL-STATUS-INFORMATION
25* CHEMICAL-STATUS
26* CHEMICAL-INFORMATION
27* CASE-NUMBER
28* CHEMICAL-CODE-NUMBER
29* CHEMICAL-ELEMENT-CODE
30* CHEMICAL-NAME-SEGMENTS
3 1 * CHEMICAL-NAME
32* CHEMICAL-DESCRIPTOR-LIST
33* DESCRIPTOR
34* CHEMICAL-USES
35* USE-CODE
36* USE-NAME
37* USE-REFERENCE
38* USE-SUBCATEGORIES
39* USE-SUBCATEGORY-ID
40* USE-TECHNOLOGIES
41 * REFERENCE-OF-SUBCATEGORY
-24-
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16* SIC-CODE-LIST
17* SIC-CODE
18* SUBCATEOGORY-NUMBER
19* SUBCATEGORY-NUMBER
20* SUBCATEGORY
21* CITATIONS
22* CITATION-TYPE
23* CITATION-NAME
It is impossible for a user to retrieve any data from the IFIS (or any
System 2000 data file) without these component numbers. A complete, up-to-
date component number list will appear in the IFIS Users Manual.
There are a number of immediate access retrieval commands that can be
used to access data from the Industry File Index System. The most frequently
used are the "PRINT" and "LIST" commands. The requests would be structured as
follows:
Print Where :
List Where :
The is the component number, written in the form C34 (or whatever
number corresponds to the item of information desired) and the represents the specifics of the request. For example, if a
user wanted to know what industries use the chemical benzene, the request,
using the component number schema presented in the beginning of this section,
would look like this:
List C11, C12 Where C7 Equals 71432:
(C11 is the component number for the industry code; C12 the industry name and
C27 the CAS number. 71432 is the CAS number for benzene.)
-25-
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The report would look like this:
>LI C11, C12 WH C27 EQ 71432:
* INDUSTRY-CODE INDUSTRY-SEGMENT
*** 29 LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY
* 61 SURFACE COATING AND PRINTING INDUSTRY
* 63 TIMBER PRODUCTS
* 28 IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING
* 27 INORGANIC CHEMICALS
* 51 RUBBER PROCESSING
Note that "List," "Where" and "Equal" can be abbreviated. The ":" must always
be at the end of the request in order to process it. The print command would
look like this:
>PR C11, C12, WH C27 Eg 71432:
11* 29
12* LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY
11* 61
12* SURFACE COATING AND PRINTING INDUSTRY
11* 63
12* TIMBER PRODUCTS
11* 28
12* IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING
11* 27
12* INORGANIC CHEMICALS
11* 51
12* RUBBER PROCESSING
-26-
-------
The "LIST" command lists data vertically and the "PRINT" command also lists
data vertically (and horizontally depending on the request) but includes the
component number in the report.
The reports shown here reflect a small percentage of the industries that
will ultimately be contained in the data base.
Batch reports for a chemical, industry or regulation will be available.
The layout of these reports appear on figures 1-3.
The IFIS Users Manual will describe the retrieval commands in more detail
and provide additional examples of their applications.
-27-
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4. ILLUSTRATIVE USES OF THE INDUSTRY FILE INDEX SYSTEM
Sample queries include but are not limited to:
1. List industries that use cadmium and the uses of
cadmium in that industry.
LIST/TITLE (13 I)/ C1 1, C1 2, C35 WH C29 EQ CD:
* INDUSTRY-CODE INDUSTRY-SEGMENT USE-CODE
***
* 38 OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION C
* 29 LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY U
* 29 LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY 0
* 29 LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY 0
* 61 SURFACE COATING AND PRINTING INDUSTRY C
* 61 SURFACE COATING AND PRINTING INDUSTRY U
* 10 CEMENT MANUFACTURING C
* 63 TIMBER PRODUCTS U
* 46 PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING INDUSTRY C
* 49 PORCELAIN ENAMELING 0
* 49 PORCELAIN ENAMELING O
* 28 IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING O
* 28 IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING C
* 28 IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING O
* 28 IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING O
-28-
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2. Which Chemicals Are Associated With the Iron And
Steel Industry? (This Request Was Restricted To
Explicitly Regulated Chemicals).
LIST /TITLE (131)/ C6, C25, C27, C31, OB C6, C25 WH C1 1 EQ 28 AND C25 EQ E:
* MEDIA CHEMICAL-STATUS CAS-NUMBER CHEMICAL-NAME
* * *
* AIR E
* SOLID WASTE/
SLUDGES
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
FROM COKING OPERATIONS
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
109
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
PARTICULATE MATTER
209 EMISSION CONTROL DUSTS
SLUDGES
65996750 SPENT PICKLE LIQUOR
209 AMMONIA STILL LIME SLUDGE
89 DECANTER TANK TAR SLUDGE
7439921 LEAD
71 CYANIDE
7440473 CHROMIUM
7440439 CADMIUM
91203 NAPHTHALENE
72 PHENOL/PHENOLICS
7440382 ARSENIC
91203 NAPTHALENE
71432 BENZENE
195 PH
72 PHENOLS (4AAP)
57125 CYANIDE
50328 BENZO(A)PYRENE
109 TSS
7782505 TOTAL RESIDUAL CHLORINE
7439921 LEAD
7440666 ZINC
7440473 CHROMIUM
7440224 NICKEL
127184 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
7664417 AMMONIA-N
161 OIL AND GREASE
-29-
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3. List The Media, Chemical Status, CAS Number and
Chemical Names For The Explicitly Regulated
Chemicals In The Iron and Steel Industry.
LIST/TITLE (131)/C6,
* MEDIA E
***
* AIR E
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SOLID WASTE
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
* SURFACE WATER
C25,
109
209
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
C27, C31, OB C6, C25 WH C1 1 EQ 28 AND C25 EO E:
PARTICULATE MATTER
EMISSION CONTROL DUSTS/
SLUDGES
65996750
209
89
FROM COKING OPERATIONS
7439921
71
7440473
7440439
91203
72
7440382
91 203
71432
195
72
57125
50328
109
7782505
7439921
7440666
7440473
7440224
127184
7664417
161
SPENT PICKLE LIOUOR
AMMONIA STILL LIME SLUDGE
DECANTER TANK TAR SLUDGE
LEAD
CYANIDE
CHROMIUM
CADMIUM
NAPHTHALENE
PHENOL/PHENOLICS
ARSENIC
NAPTHALENE
BENZENE
PH
PHENOLS (4AAP)
CYANIDE
BENZO(A)PYRENE
TSS
TOTAL RESIDUAL CHLORINE
LEAD
ZINC
CHROMIUM
NICKEL
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
AMMONIA-M
OIL AND GREASE
-30-
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5. REQUEST PROCEDURES
The IFIS operates on the EPA Data Processing Services SPERRY UNIVAC
1100/82 Utilizing EXEC Level 36R2D. Users will be able to receive
information at the terminal, route the output to a printer from within an
interactive run, or initiate a batch standard report from within an
interactive run. Procedures for each route will be provided in the Users
Manual.
It is necessary that users obtain an account with the UNIVAC staff at
Research Triangle Park (RTP) and a password. Users Support in RTP can be
contacted at 919-541-3649 or FYS-629-3649. The Project Officer, Daryl
Kaufman, is available for questions or computer runs and can be reached at
202-382-3399. The Industry File Index System is expected to be fully
operational by the end of August 1983. System updates (e.g., finalized
regulations) and maintenance will be an ongoing project.
The Chemical Coordination Staff is currently negotiating with EPA computer
specialists about the possibilities of transferring the IFIS to the
Chemical Information System (CIS). Until the IFIS is fully accessible on
CIS, it will always be available on the UNIVAC through System 2000.
-31-
-------
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