EPA-670/4-74-005
November 1974
ENVIRONMENTA
POLL!
F
Environmental Monitoring Series
r
EQUIREMENTS AND
N TOLERANH
liATER
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EPA-670/4-74-005
November 1974
ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS AND POLLUTION
TOLERANCE OF FRESHWATER DIATOMS
By
Rex L. Lowe
Bowling Green State University
Bowling Green, Ohio 43403
Program Element No. 1BA027
Project Officer
Gary B. Collins
Methods Development and Quality Assurance Research Laboratory
National Environmental Research Center
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 5, Library (PL42J)
77 West Jackson Boulevard, 12Ui Fioof
Chicago, It 60604-3590
ATION^ENMKP^fifieOfcESEARCH CENTER
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
CINCINNATI, OHIO 45268
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REVIEW NOTICE
The National Environmental Research Center—Cincinnati has
reviewed this report and approved its publication. Approval does
not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and
policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nor does
mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorse-
ment or recommendation for use.
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FOREWORD
Man and his environment must be protected from the adverse
effects of pesticides, radiation, noise and other forms of pollu-
tion, and the unwise management of solid waste. Efforts to pro-
tect the environment require a focus that recognizes the interplay
between the components of our physical environment—air, water,
and land. The National Environmental Research Centers provide this
multidisciplinary focus through programs engaged in
• studies on the effects of environmental contaminants
on man and the biosphere, and
• a search for ways to prevent contamination and to
recycle valuable resources.
This study focuses on one of the most important groups
of algae in aquatic ecosystems—the diatoms. Water quality directly
effects the species composition of diatom communities and in turn,
these changes affect all higher trophic levels. The diatoms are
unique among the algae in two ways: they can be routinely identified
to the species level, and a great deal of information exists on the
range of ecological tolerance of many common species. Data on
environmental requirements and pollution tolerance for approximately
300 common diatoms are summarized in this report. This information
will be useful in evaluating biological data collected in enforce-
ment cases and in compliance and ambient water quality monitoring
conducted under Sections 104(a), 106(2), 308, 314(a), and 316(a) of
the FWPCAA of 1972.
A. W. Breidenbach, Ph.D.
Director
National Environmental
Research Center, Cincinnati
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ABSTRACT
Data on the environmental requirements and pollution tolerance
of 300 common species and varieties of fresh water diatoms was
compiled from 48 references. The following parameters were considered:
pH, nutrients, salinity, organic pollution tolerance (saprobien
system), current, general habitat, specific habitat, seasonal distri-
bution, temperature and geographical distribution. A consensus of
opinions for each parameter was established for most taxa. It is
suggested that this compilation be employed to evaluate data from
plankton and periphyton samples collected for the assessment of
water quality.
This report was submitted in fulfillment of Project Number
R-802495 by Rex L. Lowe under the sponsorship of the Environmental
Protection Agency. Work was completed as of June, 1974.
iv
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CONTENTS
Abstract iv
Acknowledgements vi
Recommendations i
Introduction 2
Ecological Parameters 4
Data Compilation 10
Literature Cited 12
Appendix A 15
Appendix B 28
Appendix C 34
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
A compilation of information is, of course, dependent on the
original research of others. I am indebted to all of those whose
studies have become a part of this project. The data summary form
used in this compilation was developed with the help of the Aquatic
Biology Section, Methods Development & Quality Assurance Research
Laboratory.
VI
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RECOMMENDATIONS
This compilation should be used in conjunction with literature
for diatom identification to help assess water quality. As a user
generates additional information about a diatom species, it should be
added to the summary sheet. As more information is gathered, either
from the users research or from references not included in this compi-
lation, some consenses may change. Thus, the compilation may become
more valuable to the user if used as an active resource.
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INTRODUCTION
The objective of this project is to compile, standardize, and centralize
ecological information about a number of non-marine diatoms. Most of these
diatoms are species common at E P A water surveilance stations on large
inland rivers (Weber, 1966). Certain other diatom species that are common
in habitats not normally monitored by the EPA are also included. Diatoms
considered in this project are included in Apendix A.
During recent years diatoms (Bacillariophyta) have been used with
increasing frequency to assess the condition of inland waters. This group
of organisms is particularly well-suited for this function for several reasons.
Diatoms can be identified to the species level relatively easily.
This is not true of most other groups of algae or aquatic invertebrates.
Since taxonomy of diatoms is based on the ornamentation of the inert silica
cell wall, samples need no special treatment for preservation. Common
species can be identified with a few taxonomic references (Weber, 1966),
(Patrick and Reimer, 1966) and (Hustedt, 1930).
Diatoms are among the most ubiquitous of aquatic organisms. They are
found in a wide variety of aquatic habitats including lakes, ponds, bogs,
marshes, swamps, fens, rivers, creeks and temporary pools. Even man-made
habitats such as sewage-treatment-plant trickling filters and irrigation
ditches have been exploited by diatoms. In this variety of aquatic habitat
diatoms occupy a number of different micro habitats and are often the dominant
producers in both plankton and periphyton communities.
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Finally, each diatom taxon is thought to occupy a different nitch in
the aquatic ecosystem responding individually to different chemical and
physical parameters. Some species have broad tolerance ranges and are
abundant in a wide variety of habitats and ecological conditions. Other
species have very limited tolerance ranges and are normally restricted
to specific habitats favorable to their existance. By careful analysis of
a diatom community and a knowledge of community members' ecological
"preferences" and tolerances, a great deal can be ascertained about the
habitat and environment.
As various investigators have studied diatom communities, bits of
information concerning the autecology of species has become available.
This information is distributed throughout many journals in a number of
different languages. In this form the information is of limited use to
those who would apply it. The objective of this project is to compile
information about a number of common non-marine diatoms. Limited compilations
of this type have been used to characterize the environment in which fossil
diatom assembleges have accumulated (Colingsworth et. al., 1967) and (Abbott
and Van Landingham, 1972). Such a compilation could also be employed to
assess water quality in existing aquatic habitats.
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ECOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Diatoms are affected by many different parameters in the environment
and it is probably a combination of factors that limit their distribution.
Several investigators have designated "spectral ranges" for individual
chemical and physical parameters. Several of these defined spectral ranges
have been employed in this project. Some parameters have had several
spectral ranges applied to them by different authors, others have been
inadequately defined. In these cases the spectral ranges have been redefined
for purposes of standardization. The parameters considered in this compilation
are described below.
1. pH spectrum. The ranges employed for diatom distribution relative
to pH were described by Hustedt (1937-1938). Perhaps of greater
importance are the optimum pH values for individuals. These values
have been reported for several species.
Acidobiontic: occurring at a pH below 7 with best development below
5.5
Acidophilous: occurring at a pH around 7 with best development
below 7.
Indifferent: best development around a pH of 7.
Al kali philous: occurring at a pH around 7 with best development
over 7.
Alkalibiontic: occurring only in alkaline water.
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2. Nutrient spectrum. This spectrum is a modification of one presented
by Smith (1966).
Eutrophic: characteristic of water with high nutrient concentrations.
Mesotrophic: characteristic of water with moderate nutrient
concentrations.
Oligotrophic: characteristic of water with low nutrient concentrations.
Dystrophic: characteristic of water rich in humic material.
3. Halobion spectrum. This spectrum is a modification of Kolbe's
(1927). Although Klobe's system is based on chlorides it has been
observed that other ions may be of greater importance than chloride
in inland waters (Hutchinson, 1957, Christiansen and Reimer, 1968).
Kolbe's chloride system is maintained because of the wealth of data
appearing in the literature.
Polyhalobous: occurring in salt concentrations over 40,000 mg/1.
Euhalobous: marine forms, occurring in salt concentrations of
30,000 to 40,000 mg/1.
Mesohalobous: brackish-water forms occurring in salt concentrations
of 500 to 30,000 mg/1.
(alpha range): occurring in salt concentrations of 10,000 to
30,000 mg/1.
(beta range): occurring in salt concentrations of 500 to 10,000 mg/1.
Oligohalobous: freshwater forms occurring in salt concentrations
of less than 500 mg/1.
(halophilous): stimulated by small amounts of salt.
(indifferent): tolerates small amounts of salt.
(halophobous): does not tolerate small amounts of salt.
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Euryhalobous (Euryhalinous): occurring over broad ranges of salt
concentration, often encompassing 2
or more large spectral designations.
4. Saprobien spectrum. This spectrum was first proposed by Kolkwitz
and Marsson (1908) and was later modified by various investigators.
The saprobien system has been rejected by some investigators
(Schoeman, 1973) in light of recent findings by Cholnoky (1953,
1958 and 1968). Cholnoky's investigations indicate that nitrogenous
compounds may be a more important factor than organic pollution in
determining the distribution of diatoms. Organic nitrogen requirements,
nitrogen heterotrophy, have been demonstrated for a number of species.
These species, when present in large numbers, are excellent indicators
of organic pollution. The saprobien system is included in this
compilation because of the wealth of data available. Information on
nitrogen heterotrophy is included when such information is known.
Polysaprobic: characteristic of zone of degredation and putrefication,
oxygen usually absent or low in concentration.
Mesosaprobic: characteristic of zone where oxidation of organic
load is proceeding.
(alpha range): range of stronger pollution nitrogen in the form
of ami no acids.
(beta range): range of weaker pollution, nitrogen in the form
of ammonia compounds.
Oligosaprobic: characteristic of zone where oxidation of
biodegradable compounds is complete. The
concentration of inorganic nutrients is usually high.
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Saprophilic: occurring usually in polluted waters but also in
clean water habitats.
Saproxenous: occurring in clean water habitats but also in
polluted ones.
Saprophobic (Katharobic): characteristic of waters that have not
been exposed to pollutants.
5. Current spectrum. The designations employed for current were
defined by Hustedt (1937-1938).
Limnobiontic: characteristic only of standing waters.
Limnophilous: characteristic of standing water but may be found in
running water.
Indifferent: common in both flowing and standing water.
Rheophilous: characteristic of running water but may be found in
standing water.
Rheobiontic: characteristic only of running water.
6. General habitat. Type of water body or macrohabitat characteristic
for the species.
Marine: characteristic of oceans and seas.
Estuary: characteristic of estuaries and brackish water habitats
Lake: characteristic of large inland bodies of standing water.
Pond: characteristic of small bodies of standing water
River: characteristic of larger streams
Spring and Stream: characteristic of small streams.
Aerophilous: characteristic of non-submerged habitats.
Other: general habitats not listed above
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7. Specific habitat. Specific distribution or microhabitat.
Euplanktonic: normally suspended in the water, distribution
is current dependent.
Tychoplanktonic: normally associated with periphytic or
terrestrial habitats but often suspended in
the water.
Periphytic (aufwuchs, littoral): occurring on, but not penetrating,
the substrate and submerged objects.
epipelic: occurring on mud.
epilithic: occurring on rock.
epidendric: occurring on wood.
epiphytic: occurring on plants.
epizooic: occurring on animals.
attached: normally sessil.
unattached: normally "free".
8. Seasonal distribution. Authors' comments on seasonal distribution
of diatoms are included in this section.
Winter - optimum growth during winter.
Spring - optimum growth during spring.
Summer - optimum growth during summer.
Fall - optimum growth during fall.
9. Temperature spectrum. This spectrum includes both optimum
temperatures in centigrade degrees and ranges of temperature
change tolerated by individuals.
Euthermal: warm-water forms usually occurring at temperature
greater than 30° c.
8
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Mesothermal: temperate-water forms, usually occurring between
15° and 30° c<
Oligothermal: cold-water forms, usually occurring between 0° and 15° C.
Stenothermal: occurring over a temperature range of no greater than
5° C,
Metathermal: occurring over a temperature range of from 5° to 15°.
Eurythermal: occurring over a temperature range of 15° or greater.
Undesignated: either the optimum temperature or the range of
tolerance are not designated.
10. Geographical distribution and other pertinent information. Most
of the diatoms included in this project are of cosmopolitan or
worldly distribution. Comments on geographical distribution are
included here. Additional information on factors influencing
diatom distribution may also be found here including Hustedt's
(1937-1938) oxygen system and Niessen's (1956) calcium system.
Authors included in this compilation are listed in Appendix B.
Authors are identified by number on each of the diatom species
ecology sheets.
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DATA COMPILATION
Certain liberties have been taken in the interpretation of authors'
comments on diatom ecology. Some authors did not designate spectral categories
for some of the parameters. Often inferences were made and enough information
was given that enabled a designation to be made in the compilation. For
example, if an investigator reported a pH range but no pH spectral designation,
the designation was made by inference. In other instances, authors have
designated spectral categories for diatoms that have required modification.
For example, if an investigator reported a species to be either periphytic
or planktonic, it would be placed in the categories periphyton and
tychoplankton.
A consensus is established for each of the ecological parameters on
which comments have been compiled. The spectral category of a given parameter
with the greatest number of entries is considered to be the consensus. Any
other categories that have at least half as many entries as this are also
mentioned in the consensus.
Ecological information on synonyms for a species are included with
that species. For example, data collected pertaining to Navicula gracilis
Ehr. will be included under Navicula tripunctata (O.R. Mull.) Bory.
This compilation is not intended to be used as a rigid definitive
assessment of the autecology of the species included. It should be
remembered that tne consensus for any parameter represents the findings of
10
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a wide variety of investigators. These individuals undoubtedly used
different methods of specimen collection and analysis of ecological parameters,
Keeping these considerations in mind, the compilation should prove useful
to those employing diatoms in the assessment of water quality. This
compilation is meant to be an active continuing resource. As more
information becomes available on any species it may be added. Species not
included in this project may be added on blanks provided at the end of the
species ecology section.
11
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Literature Cited
1. Abbott, W.H. Jr. and S.L. Van Landingham. Micropaleontology and
paleoecology of miocene non-marine diatoms from the Harper District,
Malheur County, Oregon. Nova Hedw. (Lehre) 23: 847-906, 1972.
2. Cholnoky, B.J. Studien zur Okology der Diatomeen eines eutrophen
subtropischen Gewassers. [A study of the ecology of the diatoms of
eutrophic subtropical waters.] Ber. Deut. Bot. Ges. (Stuttgart)
66: 347-356, 1953.
3. Cholnoky, B.J. Hydrobiologische untersuchungen in Transvaal II.
Selbstreinigung im Jukskei-Crocodile Flusssystem. [Hydrobiological
investigation in Transvaal II.] Self purification in the Jukskei-
Crocodile River system. Hydrobiol. (The Hague) 11: 205-266,1958.
4. Cholnoky, B.J. Die Qkologie der Diatomeen in Binnengewasser. [The
ecology of diatoms in inland water.] J. Cramer, Lehre, 1968, 699 p.
5. Christiansen, C.L. and C.W. Reimer. Notes on the diatom Cylindrotheca
gracilis (Br£b. ex. KCItz.) Grun: its' ecology and distribution. Proc.
la. Acad. Sci. 75_: 36-41, 1968.
6. Colingsworth, R.F., M.H. Hohn, and G.B. Collins. Postglacial
physiochemical conditions of Vestaburg Bog, Montcalm County, Michigan,
based on diatom analyses. Papers Mich. Acad. Sci., Arts, Letters,
52: 19-30, 1967.
12
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7. Hustedt, F. Bacillariophyta (Diatomeae). In Pascher, A. (ed.)
Die Susswasser-flora Mitteleuropas. [The freshwater flora of middle
Europe. ] Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 1930, 466 p.
8. Hustedt, F. Systematische and Okologische Untersuchungen uber die
Diatomeenflora von Java, Bali and Samatra. [Systematic and
ecological investigation of the diatom flora of Java, Bali and Sumatra.!
Arch. f. Hydrobiol., Supplement-Band. (Stuttgart) TjS.: 131-177,
16: 187-295 and 16.: 393-506, 1937-1938.
9. Hutchinson, G.E. A treatise on limnology I. Jonn Wiley and Sons,
Inc. New York, 1957, 1015 p.
10. Kolbe, R.W. Zur Okologie, Morphologic, und Systematic der Brackwasser-
Diatomeen. [jhe ecology, morphology, and systematics of the brackish-
water diatoms. 1 Pflanzenforschung. (Jena) 7_: 1-146, 1927.
11. Kolkwitz, R. and M. Marsson. O'kologie der pflanzlichen Sanrobien.
[Saprobien ecology of plantsJ Ber. Deut. Bot. Ges. (Stuttgart) 26:
505-519, 1908.
12. Niessen, H. Okologische Untersuchungen uber die Diatomeen und
Desmiuiaceen des Murnauer Hoores. [Ecological investigation of the
diatoms and desmids of Murnauer Moors.1 Arch. f. Hydrobiol. 51 :
281-375, 1956.
13. Schoeman, F.R. A systematical and ecological study of the diatom flora
of Lesotho witn special reference to the water quality. V & R Printers,
Pretoria, 1973, 355 p.
14. Smith, R.L. Ecology and field biology. Harper and Row, New Yorlc,
1966, 686 p.
13
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15. Van Landlngham, S.L. Catalogue of the fossil and recent genera and
species of diatoms and their synonyms, Part I. J. Cramer, Lehre,
1967, 493 p.
16. Weber, C.I. A guide to the common diatoms at water pollution
surveillance system stations. U.S. Environ. Protection Agency, Nat!
Environ. Res. Center, Analytical Quality Control Lab., Cincinnati,
Ohio, 1966, 98 p.
14
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APPENDIX A
Diatoms Included in This Compilation
Achnanthes affinis Grim, var. affinis
Achnanthes brevipes Ag. var. brevipes
Achnanthes clevei Grun. var. clevei
Achnanthes coarctata (Brdb.) Grun. var. coarctata
Achnanthes exigua Grun. var. exigua
Achnanthes exigua var. heterovalva Krasske
Achnanthes flexella (Kutz.) Brun. var. flexella
Achnanthes hungarica (Grun.) Grun. var. hungarica
Achnanthes lanceolata (Bre"b.) Grun. var. lanceolata
Achnanthes lanceolata var. dubia Grun.
Achnanthes linearis (W. Sm.) Grun. var. linearis
Achnanthes microcephala (Kutz.) Grun. var. microcephala
Achnanthes minutissima KUtz. var. minutissima
Achnanthes nollii Bock var. nollii
Amphipleura pellucida Katz. var. pellucida
Aniphiprora alata KUtz. var. alata
Amphiprora ornata Bailey var. ornata
Amphiprora paludosa U. Sm. var. paludosa
Amphora coffeaeformis Ag. var. coffeaeformis
Amphora inflata Katz. var. inflata
Anipnora oval is Kutz. var. oval is
Amphora oval is var. lybica (E'nr.) Cl.
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Amphora oval is var. pediculus Kutz.
Ampnora submontana Must, var. submontana
Amphora veneta (Kutz.) Must. var. veneta
Aiiomoeoneis foil is (Ehr.) Cl. var. foil is
Aiiomoeoneis sphaerophora var. sculpta (Ehr.) 0. Mull.
Anomoeoneis sphaerophora (Ehr.) Pfitz. var. sphaerophora
Anomoeoneis vitrea (Grun.) Ross var. vitrea
Asterionella formosa Hass. var. formosa
Asterionella formosa var. gracillima (Hantz.) Grun.
Attneya zachariasi Brun. var. zachariasi
Baci 11 ari a paradoxa Gmel i n var. paradox a
Biddulphia laevis Ehr. var. laevis
Caloneis alpestris (Grun.) Cl. var. alpestris
Caloneis amphisbaena (Bory) Cl. var. amphisbaena
Caloneis bacillaris var. thermal is (Grun.) A.C1.
Caloneis bacillum (Grun.) Cl. var. bacillum
Caloneis schumanm'ana var. biconstricta Grun.
Caloneis schumanniana (Grun.) Cl. var. schumanm'ana
Caloiieis ventricosa var. truncatula (Grun.) Mesit.
Capartogramma crucicula (Grun. ex Cl.) Ross var. crucicula
Cocconeis dimiriuta Pant. var. diminuta
Cocconeis pediculus Ehr. var. pediculus
Cocconeis p1 acentula var. euglypta (Ehr.) Cl.
Cocconeis placentula var. lineata (Ehr.) V.H.
Cocconeis placentula Ehr. var. placentula
Cocconeis scute!lum Ehr. var. scutellum
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Cocconeis thumensis A. Mayer var. thumensis
Coscinodiscus lacustris Grun. var. lacustris
Cosci nodi sous rothii var. subsalsa (»1uh1 .-Dannf.) Must.
Cyclotella aliquantula Hohn and Hellerman var. al iguantula
Cyclotella a tomus Hust. var. atomus
Cyclotella bodanica Eulenst. var. bodanica
Cyclotella caspia Grun. var. caspia
Cyclotella comta (Ehr.) Kutz. var. comta
Cyclptella crypta Reimann, Lewin and Guillard var. crypta
Cyclotella glomerata Bachmann var. glomerata
Cyclotella Kutzingiana Tliwaltes var. Kutzlnglana
Cyclotella meneghiniana Katz. var. meneghinlana
Cyclotella michlganiana Skv. var. micniganlana
Cyclotel1 a ocel1 ata Pant. var. ocellata
Cyclotella pseudostelligera Hust. var. pseudostelligera
Cyclotella stelligera C1. u. Grun. var. stelligera
Cyclotella striata (Kutz.) Grun. var. strlata
Cylindrotheca gracll1s (Breb.) Grun. var. gracilis
Cymatopleura solea (Brdb.) W. Sm. var. solea
Cymbella affinis Kutz. var. affinis
Cymbella aspera (Ehr.) Cl. var. aspera
Cymbella austriaca Grun. var. austriaca
Cymbella cistula (Hemprich) Grun. var. cistul a
Cymbella hustedtii Krasske var. husbedtii
Cymbella tnicrocephala Grun. var. micrpcepnala
Cymbella naviculaformis Auersw. var. naviculaformis
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Cymbal la norwegica Grun. var. norwegica
Cymbella prostrata (Berk.) Cl. var. prostrata
Cymbella sinuata Greg, var. sinuata
Cymbella tumida (Bre*b.) V.H. var. tumida
Cymbella turgida (Greg.) Cl. var. turgida
Cymbella ventn'cosa Katz. var. ventricosa
Denticula elegans Kc/tz. var. elegans
Diatoma anceps (Ehr.) Grun. var. anceps
Diatoma hiemale (Roth) Heib. var. hiemale
Diatoma tenue var. elongatum Lyngb.
Diatoma vulgare Bory. var. vulgare
Didymosphem'a geniinata (Lyngb.) M. Schmidt var. geminata
Diploneis elliptica (Katz.) Cl. var. slliptica
Diploneis intorrupta (Katz.) Cl. var. interrupta
Diploneis oblongella (Naeg. ex. Kutz.) Ross. var. oblongella
Diploneis smithii (Bre"b. ex. Katz.) Cl. var. smithii
Ep it hernia so rex Kutz. var. sorex
Epithemia turgida (Ehr.) Kutz. var. turgida
Epitiiemia zebra (Ehr.) Kutz. var. zebra
Eunotia curvata (Kcitz.) Lagsrst. var. curvata
Eunotia formica Ehr. var. formica
Eunotia pectinail's var. minor (Kutz.) Rabh.
Eunotia pectinalis (O.F. Hall.?) Rabh. var. pectinalis
Eunotia pectinal is var. undulata (Ralfs.) Rabii.
Eunotia pectinalis var. ventricosa Grun.
Fragilaria brevistriata Grun. var. brevistriata
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Fragilaria brevistriata var. inflata (Pant.) Hust.
Fragilaria capucina Desm. var. capucina
Fragilaria construens (Ehr.) Grun. var. construens
Fragilaria construens var. subsalina Hust.
Fragilaria construens var. venter (Ehr.) Grun.
Fragilaria crotonensis Kitton var. crotonensis
Fragilaria intermedia Grun. var. intermedia
Fragilaria leptostauron var. dubia (Grun.) Hust.
Fragilaria leptostauron (Ehr.) Hust. var. leptostauron
Fragilaria pinnata Ehr. var. pinnata
Fragilaria vaucheriae (Kutz.) Peters, var. vaucheriae
Fragilaria virescens Ralfs. var. virescens
Frustulia rhomboides var. amphipleuroides (Grun.) Cl.
Frustulia rhomboides (Ehr.) Del. var. rhomboides
Frustulia vulgaris (Thwaites) Del. var. vulgaris
Gomphonema abbreviatum (Ag.) Kutz. var. abbreviatum
Gompnonema acuminatum Ehr. var. acuminatum
Gomphonema acuminatum var. coronata (Ehr.) W.Sm.
Gomphonema acuminatum var. brebissonii (Kcrtz.) Cl.
Gomphonema angustatum (Katz.) Rabh. var. angustatum
Gomphonema angustatum var. sarcophagus (Greg.) Grun.
Gomphonema constrictum Ehr. var. constrictum
Gomphonema gracile Ehr. var. gracile
Gompnonema intricatum Kcrtz. var. intricatum
Gomphonema olivaceum (Lyng.) Kcrtz. var. olivaceum
Gomphonema parvulum var. micropus (Katz.) Cl.
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Gomphonema parvulum Kc/tz. var. parvulum
Gomphonema parvulum var. subelliptica Cl.
Gompnonema subtile Ehr. var. subtile
Gyrosigma acuminatum (Kcrtz.) Rabh. var. acuminatum
Gyrosigma macrum (W.Sm.) Griff & Henfr. var. macrum
Gyrosigma obtusatum (Sulliv. and Wormley) Boyer var. obtusatum
Gyrosigma scalproides (Rabh.) Cl. var. scalproides
Gyrosigma spencerii (Queck.) Griff & Henfr. var. spencerii
Hannaea arcus (Ehr.) Patr. var. arcus
Hantz sc hia amphioxys (Ehr.) Grun. var. amphioxys
Hantzschia virgata (Roper) Grun. var. virgata
Mastogloia braunii Grun. var. braunii
Mastogloia grevillei M.Sm. var. grevillei
Mastogloia smithii Thwaites ex. W.Smith var. smithii
Melpsira ambigua (Grun.) 0. Mull. var. ambigua
Melosira distans var. africana Grun.
Melosira distans var. a1pi_gena Grun.
Helosira distans (Ehr.) Kcrtz. var. distans
Melosira distans var. 1irata (Ehr.) Bethge
Melosira en scans var. 1irata f. lacustris (Grun.) Bethge
Melosira granulata var. angustissima 0. MCfll.
Melosira granulata (Ehr.) Ralfs. var. granulata
Melosira granulata f. curvata Grun.
Melosira islandica 0. Mcrll. var. islandica
Melosira italica (Ehr.) Kutz. var. italica
Melosira italica var. valida Grun.
20
-------
Melosira van'ans Ag. var. varians
Meridion circulare (Grev.) Ag. var. circulare
Microsiphona potamos Weber var. potamos
Navicula accomoda Must, var. accomoda
Navicula americana Ehr. var. americana^
Navicula amphibola Cl. var. amphibola
Navicula baci11 urn Ehr. bacillum
Navicula biconica Patr. var. biconica
Navicula canal is Patr. var. canal is
Navicula capitata var. hungarica (Grun.) Ross
Navicula confervacea (Kutz.) Grun. var. confervacea
Navicula contenta Grun. var. contenta
Navicula contenta f. biceps Arn.
Navicula contenta f. parrallela Peterson
Navicula cryptocephala Kutz. var. cryptocephala
Navicula cryptocephala var. intermedia Grun.
Navicula cryptocephala var. veneta (Kutz.) Rabh.
Navicula cuspidata var. ambigua (Ehr.) Cl.
Navicula cuspidata (Kutz.) Kutz. var. cuspidata
Navicula cuspidata var. heribaudii Per.
Navicula decussis 0str. var. decussis
Navicula elginensis (Greg.) Ralfs. var. elginensis
Navicula exigua var. capitata Patr.
Navicula exigua Greg, ex. Grun. var. exigua
Navicula gastrum (Ehr.) Kutz. var. gastrum
Navicula halophila (Grun.) Cl. var. halophila
21
-------
Navi'cula Integra (W.Sm.) Ralfs var. Integra
Navicula jaernefeltii Hust. var. jaernefeltii
Navicula lanceolata (Ag.) Kutz. var. lanceolata
Navicula luzonensls Hust. var. luzonensis
Navicula minima Grun. var. minima
Navicula mutica Kutz. var. mutica
Navicula mutica var. stigma Patr.
Navicula mutica var. tropica Hust.
Navicula notha Hall ace var. notha
Navicula oblonga (Kutz.) Kutz. var. oblonga
Navicula pelliculosa (Bre"b. ex. Kutz.) Hilse var. pelliculosa
Navicula peregrina (Ehr.) Kutz. var. peregrina
Navicula pseudoscutiformis Hust. var. pseudoscutiformis
Navicula pupula var. capitata Skv. and Meyer
Navicula pupula Katz. var. pupula
Navicula pupula var. rectangular!s (Greg.) Grun.
Navicula pygmea Kutz. var. pygmea
Navicula radiosa Kutz. var. radiosa
Navicula radiosa (Bre"b. ex. Kutz.) Grun. var. tenel 1 a
Navicula reinhardii (Grun.) Grun. var. reinhardii
Navicula rhynchocephala Kutz. var. rhynchocephala
Navicula scutelloides W.Sm. ex. Greg. var. scute11oides
Navicula seminulurn var. hustedtii Patr.
Navicula seminulum Grun. var. seminulum
Navicula tripunctata var. schizonemoides (V.H.) Patr.
Navicula tripunctata (O.F. Mull.) Bory var. tripunctata
22
-------
Navicula viridula var. avenacea (Bre*b. ex. Grim.) V.H.
Navicula viridula (Kutz.) Kutz. emend. V.H. var. viridula
Navicula zanoni Hust. var. zanoni
Neidium affine (Ehr.) Pfitz. var. affine
Neidium binode (Ehr.) Hust. var. binode
Neidium bisculcatum (Lagerst.) C1. var. bisculcatum
Neidium dubium (Ehr.) Cl. var. dubium
Neidium iridis (Ehr.) Cl. var. iridis
Nitzschia acicularis VI.Sm. var. acicularis
Nitzschia amphibia Grun. var. amphibia
Nitzschia angustata (W.Sm.) Grun. var. angustata
Nitzschia apiculata (Greg.) Grun. var. apiculata
Nitzschia bacata Hust. var. bacata
Nitzschia capitellata Hust. var. capitellata
Nitzschia clausii Hantzsch var. clausii
Nitzschia closterium (Ehr.) W.Sm. var. closterium
Nitzschia communis Rabh. var. communis
Nitzschia denticula Grun. var. denticula
Nitzschia dissipata (Kutz.) Grun. var. dissipata
Nitzschia elliptica Hust. var. elliptica
Nitzschia filiformis (W.Sm.) Hust. var. filiformis
Nitzschia fonticola Grun. var. fonticola
Nitzschia frustulum Kutz. var. frustulum
Nitzschia holsatica Hust. var. holsatica
Nitzschia hungarica Grun. var. hungarica
Nitzschia kutzingiana Hilse var. kutzingiana
23
-------
Nitzschia lacunarum Hust. var. lacunarum
Nitzschia linearis (W.Sm.) var. linearis
Nitzschia linean's var. tenuis (W.Sm.) Grim.
Nitzschia lorenziana Grun. var. lorenziana
Nitzschia microcephala Grun. var. microcephala
Nitzschia palea (Kutz.) W.Sm. var. palea
Nitzschia parvula Levis var. parvula
Nitzschia perminuta Grun. var. perminuta
Nitzschia perpusilla Rabh. var. perpusilla
Nitzschia sigma (Kutz.) W.Sm. var. sigma
Nitzschia sigmoidea (Ehr.) W.Sm. var. sigmoidea
Nitzschia sinuata (W.Sm.) Grun. var. sinuata
Nitzschia stagnorum Rabh. var. stagnorum
Nitzschia subliniaris Hust.var. sublim'aris
Nitzschia thermal is Kutz. var. thermal is
Nitzschia triblionella var. victoriae Grun.
Nitzschia vermicularis (Kutz.) Grun. var. vermicularis
Opephora martyi Herib. var. martyi
Pinnularia borealis Ehr. var. boreal is
Pinnularia gi bba Ehr. var. gi bba
Pinnularia virich's (Nitz.) Ehr. var. viridis
Rhizosolenia eriensis H.L. Sm. var. eriensis
Rhizosolenia longiseta Zach. var. longiseta
Rhizosolenia minima Lavender var. minima
Rhoicosphenia curvata (Kutz.) Grun. ex. Rabh. var. curvata
Rhopalodia gibba (Ehr.) 0. Mull. var. gibba
24
-------
Stauroneis anceps Ehr. var. anceps
Stauroneis anceps f. gracilis Rabh.
Stauroneis phoenicentron (Nitz.) Ehr. var. phoenicentron
Stauroneis smithii Grun. var. snvithii
Stenopterobia intermedia (Lewis) V.H. var. intermedia
Stephanodiscus alpinus Hust. var. alpinus
Stephanodiscus astrea var. minutula (Katz.) Grun.
Stephanodiscus binderanus (Kutz.) Round var. binderanus
Stephanodiscus dubius (Fricke) Hust. var. dubius
Stephanodiscus hantzschii Grun. var. hantzschii
Stephanodiscus invisitatus Hohn and Hellerman var. invisitatus
Surirella angustata Kutz. var. angustata
Surirel1 a elegans Ehr. var. elegans
Surirella oval is Bre"b. var. oval is
Surirella ovata Kutz. var. ovata
Surirella striatula Turp. var. striatula
Synedra actinastroides Lemm. var. actinastroides
Synedra acus Kutz. var. acus
Synedra delicatissima var. angustissima Grun.
Synedra mazamaensis Sov. var. mazamaensis
Synedra nana Meist. var. nana
Synedra parasitica var. subconstrrcta (Grun.) Hust.
Synedra pulchella var. lanceolata f. constricta Hust.
Synedra pulchella var. minutula Hust.
Synedra pulchella var. naviculacea Grun.
Synedra pulchella Ralf. ex. KUtz. var. pulchella
25
-------
Synedra radians Kutz. var. radians
Synedra rumpens var. familiaris (Kcitz.) Grim.
Synedra rumpens var. fragilarioides Grim.
Synedra rumpens Kutz. var. rumpens
Synedra rumpens var. scotica Grun.
Synedra tabulata (Ag.) Kiitz. var. tabulata
Synedra tenera W.Sm. var. tenera
Synedra ulna var. impress a Must.
Synedra u_1 na var. oxyriiynchus Kutz.
Synedra. ulna var. spathulifera (Grun.) V.H.
Synedra ulna (Nitz.) Ehr. var. ulna
label 1 ari a fenestrata (Lyngb.) Kutz. var. fenestrata
labellaria flocculosa (Roth) Kutz. var. flocculosa
Thalassiosira fluviatilis Must, var. fluviatilis
Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hust.) Hasle and Heimdal var. pseudonana
Tropidoneis lepidoptera (Greg.) Cl. var. lepidoptera
26
-------
APPENDIX B
SELECTED REFERENCES FOR DIATOM ECOLOGY PROFILES
1. Blum, J.L. An ecological study of the algae of the Saline River,
Michigan. Hydrobiol. (The Hague). 9: 361-405, 1957.
2. Bock, W. Floristisch-o'kologische untersuchung der Algenvegetation
periodischer Gewasser im sudlichen Teil des Maindreieckes. [Floristic
and ecological investigation of the algae of periodic waters in the
southern part of the main triangle]. Arch. f. Hydrobiol. (Stuttgart).
47. (1); 9-74, 1952.
3. Budde, H. Die Algenflora westfal ischer Salinen und Salzgewasser.
[The saline and saltwater algal flora of Westphalia]. Arch. f.
Hydrobiol. (Stuttgart). 23(3): 462-490,1931.
4. Cholnoky, B.J. Die Okologie der Diatomeen in Binnengewasser. [The
ecology of diatoms in inland water]. J. Cramer, Lehre, 1968, 699 p.
5. Christiansen, C.L. and C.W. Reimer. Notes on the diatom Cylindrotheca
gracilis (Br6b. ex. Ku'tz.) Grun: its' ecology and distribution. Proc.
la. Acad. Sci. 75.: 36-41, 1968.
6. Cupp, E.E. Marine plankton diatoms of the west coast of North America.
Univ. of Cal. Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1943, 233 p.
7. Fjerdingstadt, E. The microflora of the River M^lleaa. Folia Limnol.
Scan. (Copenhagen). 5: 1-123, 1950.
8. Foged, N. Diatoms in water-courses in Funen. Dansk Bot. Ark.
(Copenhagen). 12: 1-112, 1948.
27
-------
9. Foged, N. Diatoms in the Salt Bog of Langemose in East Funen. Dansk
Bot. Ark. (Copenhagen). 1_3: 1-33, 1949.
10. Foged, N. Diatoms from West Greenland. Medd. Om Gronl. (Copenhagen).
147: 1-86, 1953.
11. Foged, N. On the diatom flora of some Funen lakes. Folia Limnol.
Scan. (Copenhagen). 6; 1-75, 1954.
12. Foged, N. The diatoms in the basalt area and adjoining areas of
archean rock in West Greenland. Medd. Om Gronl. (Copenhagen).
156: 1-146, 1958.
13. Foged, N. Freshwater diatoms from Spitsbergen. Tromso Mus. Skr.
(Tromso/Oslo). 1J_: 1-159, 1964.
14. Foged, N. Diatomeerni i en postglacial borepr0ve fra bunden af
Esrom S0 Danmark. foiatoms from a postglacial core from the bottom
of Esrom Stf, Denmark. 1 Meddr. Da. Geol. Foren. (Copenhagen).
18: 161-180, 1968.
15. Foged, N. The freshwater diatom flora of the Varanger Peninsula, North
Norway. Acta Borealia. A. Scientia. (Tromstf/Oslo) 25_: 1-64, 1968.
16. Gemeinhardt, K. Die Gattung Synedra in systematischer, zytologischer
und okologischer Bezienhung. [The systematics, cytology and ecology
of the genus Synedra. ] Pflanzenforschung (Jena) 6_: 1-88, 1926.
17. Hasle, G.R. and B.R. Heimdal. Some species of the centric diatom
genus Thalassiosira studied in the light and electron microscopes.
Nova. Hedw. Beinhefte (Lehre) 31_: 543-581, 1970.
18. Hohn, M.H. and Joan Hellerman. The taxonomy and structure of diatom
populations from three eastern North American rivers using three
sampling methods. Trans. Amer. Micro. Soc. 82: 250-329, 1963.
28
-------
19. Hornung, H. Floristisch-okologische untersuchungen an der Echaz
unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Verunreinigung durch Abwasser.
i
[A flon'stic and ecological investigation of the Echaz with special
reference to sewage pollution.] Arch. f. Hydrobiol. (Stuttgart)
55; 52-126, 1959.
20. Hustedt, F. Bacillariophyta. In A. Pascher's Die Susswasser-Flora
Mitteleuropas. [The fresh-water flora of central Europe. ] (Jena)
10: 1-466, 1930.
21. Hustedt, F. Systematische and Okologische Untersuchungen uber die
Diatomeenflora von Java, Bali and Samatra. Systematic and ecological
investigation of the diatom flora of Java, Bali and Sumatra. 1 Arch.
f. Hydrobiol., Supplement-Band. (Stuttgart) ]_5: 131-177, 16.: 187-
295 and 16.: 393-506, 1937-1938.
22. Hustedt, F. Die diatomeenflora des kustengebietes der Nordsee von
Dollart bis zur El bemtmdung I. [The diatom flora of the coastal
area of the North Sea from Dollart to the mouth of the Elbe. ] Abh.
Nat. ver. Bremen. (Bremen) 3J_: 571-677, 1939.
23. Hustedt, F. Suswasser-Diatomeen des ihdomalayischen Archipels und
der Hawaii-Inseln. [Freshwater diatoms of Indomaylaysian Archipelago
and tiie Hawaiian Islands. ] Int. Rev. Ges. Hydrobiol. (Berlin).
42: 1-252, 1942.
24. Hustedt, F. Susswasser-Diatomeen aus dem Albert-National Park in
Belgisch-Kongo. [Freshwater diatoms from Albert National Park, in
the Belgian Congo.] In institute des Pares Nationaux du Congo
Belege. Exploration du Pare Albert. (Brussels) 8_: 1-199, 1949.
29
-------
25. Hustedt, F. Marine littoral diatoms of Beaufort, North Carolina.
Duke Univ. Marine Sta., Bull. #6. Duke Univ. Press, Durham, N.C.,
67 p. 1955.
26. Hustedt, F. Die Diatomeenflora des Flusssystems der Weser im
Gebiet der Hamsestadt Bremen. [The diatom flora of the Weser River
Systems. ] Abhandl. Naturwiss. Ver. Bremen. (Bremen) 34: 181-440, 1957.
27. Jtfrgensen, E.G. Diatom communities in some Danish lakes and ponds.
D. Kg!. Danske Vidensk. Selskab, Biol. Skrifter. (Copenhagen)
5_: 1-140, 1948.
28. Jtfrgensen, E.G. Notes on the ecology of the diatom Navicula accomoda
Hustedt. Svensk Bot. Tidskr. (Uppsala) 49: 189-191,1952.
29. Kolbe, R.W. Zur Qkologie, Morphologic, und Systematik der Brackwasser-
Diatomeen. [The ecology, morphology, and systematics of the brackish-
water diatoms.] Pflanzenforschung. (Jena) 7_: 1-146, 1927.
30. Kolkwitz, R. Pflanzenphysiologie. Plant physiology. Gustav Fischer
(Jena) 1914.
31. Kolkwitz, R. and M. Marsson. dkologie der pflanzlichen Saprobien.
[Saprobien ecology of plants.] Ber. Deut. Bot. Ges. (Stuttgart)
26: 505-519, 1908.
32. Lowe, R.L. and R.E. Crang. The ultrastructure and morphological
variability of the frustule of Stephanodiscus invisitatus Hohn and
Hellerman. J. Phycol. 8; 256-259, 1972.
33. Mclntire, C.D. Some effects of current velocity on periphyton
communities in laboratory streams. Hydrobiol. (The Hague) 27: 559-570,
1966.
30
-------
34. Manguin, C.D. Les diatomees fossiles du bassin thertno-mineral
D'Antsirabe. The fossil diatoms of the thermo-mineral basin of the
Antsirabe region. Mem. Inst. Sci. Madagascar. (Paris) 4_: 1-57,
1952.
35. Merilainen, J. The diatom flora and the hydrogen-ion concentration
of the water. Ann. Bot. Fenn. (Helsinki) 4_: 51-58, 1967.
36. Niessen, H. Okologische Untersuchungen uber die Diatomeen Und
Desmidiaceen des Murnauer Moores. [Ecological investigation of the
diatoms and desmids of Murnauer Moors. ] Arch. f. Hydrobiol. (Stuttgart)
51_: 281-375, 1956.
37. Patrick, R. and L.R. Freese. Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from
northern Alaska. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 112: 129-293, 1961.
38. Patrick, R. and C.W. Reimer. The diatoms of the United States.
Vol. I. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Monograph No.
13. 1966, 688 p.
39. Petersen, J.B. Some halobion spectra (diatoms). D. Kgl. Dansk
Vidensk. Selsk., Biol. Medd. (Copenhagen) 17.: 1-95, 1943.
40. Proschkina-Lavrenko, A.I. De Cvclotella caspia Grun. [C.yclotella
caspia Grun.1 Moskva. Bot. Mater. (Moscow) 12: 69-75, 1959.
41. Raabe, H. Die Diatomeenflora der ostholsteinischen Fliessgewasser.
[The diatom flora of the flowing water of eastern Holstein. 1 Arch.
f. Hydrobiol. (Stuttgart) 44: 521-688, 1951.
42. Reimann, B.E.F., J.M.C. Lewin and R.L.L. Guillard. Cyclotella crypta,
a new brackish-water diatom species. Phycologia 3^: 75-84, 1963.
31
-------
43. Scheele, M. Systemische-okologische untersuchungen iiber die Diatommenflora
der Fulda. [Systematic and ecological investigation of the diatom flora
of the Fulda. ] Arch. f. Hydrobiol. (Stuttgart) 46_: 305-423, 1952.
44. Schmitz. W. Zur Frage der Klassification der binnenlandischen
Brackwasser. [A question of the classification of inland brackish
water.] Arch. Oceanogr. e Limnol. (Rome) Vh (Suppl.) 179-226, 1959.
45. Schroeder, J. Die Algenflora der Mulde. ["The algal flora of the Mulde. ]
Pflanzenforschung. (Jena) 21_: 1-88, 1939.
46. Simonsen, R. Untersuchungen zur Systematik und Okologie der Boden
Diatomeen der westlichen Ostsee. [investigation of the systematics
and ecology of the benthic diatoms of the western Baltic Sea. 1 Int.
Rev. Ges. Hydrobiol. Beihefte, (Berlin) 35_: 267-285, 1962.
47. Stoermer, E.F. and J.J. Yang. Distribution and relative abundance
of plankton diatoms in Lake Michigan. Great Lakes Research Division,
Pub. No. 16, Univ. Mich., Ann Arbor, Mich. 1970, 64.
48. Weber, C.I. A new freshwater centric diatom Microsiphona potamos
Gen. et. sp. Nov. J. Phycol. 6.: 149-153, 1970.
32
-------
Taxon Achnanthes affinis Grun. var. affinis
References
Concensus S Notes
K
C
•H
il
^
C
-H
0
ttJ
Q
J2
(C
4->
C
0)
H
^
r^
rt
4J
-H
J5
(0
K
iH
flj
a)
01
o
•P
4J
J5
K
O
*^l
0
a
Is P
O (0
So
w
M
4J
H
a
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha ranqe
beta ranqe
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta ranqe
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
o-
y
X
-
y
1
1
Y
LT>
y
vo
^J-
V
Alkaliphilous:
optimum over 7 (4).
Indifferent and
Euryhalobous
Winter maximum
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Requires high oxygen concentration (4).
34
-------
Taxon
Achnanthes brevipes Ag. var. brevipes
References
Concensus S Notes
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
35
-------
Taxon Achnanthes clevei Grun. var. clevei
References
Concensus s Notes
X
C
•H
-P
i
c
•H
•8
.1
0)
s>
n
&
4J
C
H
M
tf
(H
4J
•H
a
H
fl
JJ
5
•B
1
u
M-l
0
8,
I2 P
801
n) Q
w
n
SJ
JJ
(U
h
0)
a
tt
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha ranqe
beta ranqe
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estxiary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
Y
A
X
X
X
a*
i
X
°
X
X
l-~
1
>
X
«-
1
X
1
1
X
Y
CM
Y
Y
)
(
(
CM
C\J
Y
10
C\J
X
Y
X
Y
r^.
C\J
Y
Y
Y
V
CO
CO
1
Y
Y
c
x
5-
y
r
10
«-
X
Y
Al kali phi lous:
range 6.6-9.0 (8,27)
Eutrophic
Saproxenous
Limnophilous
Lakes
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
36
-------
Taxon Achnanthes coarctata (Breb.) Grun. var. coarctata
References
Concensus S Notes
03
0,
"V
c
10 00
c\j m
.X_X_
x
^_
x
X X
X
Indifferent;
range 6.7-7.8 (8),
optimum less than 6 (4)
Indifferent
Saproxenous
Rheobiontic to
Limnophilous
Aerophilous;
often found on soil ,
rocks and mosses (38).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably Cosmopolitan (24).
37
-------
Taxon Achnanthes exigua Grun. var. exigua
References
Concensus s Notes
a
c
-H
il
£
c
•H
O
a
-------
Taxon Achnanthes exigua var. heterovalva Krasske
References
Concensus S Notes
a:
ft
4>
c
o
•H
k
4J
1
c
o
•rH
*
rH
cd
w
OJ
*
S.
i?
c
1-1
3
+)
V
S,
&
i-t
K
c
o
4J
!°.
•H
(0
•H
•H
0)
a
to
£ 0
o w
•a o
CO
H
B
u
&
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkalinhilous
Alkalibiontic
Eucrophic
Mesotrcphic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Sapr ophob ic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Dndesignated
"I1"
X
- ^j I—
X X
.Xj
J£_
1
-j- oo
^O CO
jj_
x
Y
X
X
o
3-
Al kali phi lous;
range 7.0-8.3 (21).
Indifferent
Lakes, Rivers and
Streams
Periphytic
Eurythermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24, 34); euryphotic, occurs frequently in aquarium tanks (38).
39
-------
TaxonAchnanthes flexella (Kutz.) Brun var. flexella
References
Concensus S Notes
S
c
•H
iJ
i
C
-H
•S
•?
0)
45
ft
fO
-P
C
0)
M
i^
ri
4J
re
4J
-H
.Q
10
K
r-t
<0
k
-------
Tax
:on Achnanthes hungarica (Grum.) Grun. var. hungarica
References
Concensus s Notes
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.4-8.3 (21, 27),
optimum about 8.5 (4).
Limnopnilous to
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); often associated with aquatic plants, especially
Lemna (26); can thrive only at oxygen saturation (4).
41
-------
Taxon Achnanthes lanceolata (Breb.) Grun. var. lanceolata
References
Concensus £ Notes
a
c
•H
4J
^
c
.3
•a
m
c
OJ
,Q
&
(d
4->
c
0)
^
M
g
4->
(tJ
•U
•H
A
rtJ
ffi
•H
r«
^
O
*J
4J
J5
nj
EC
0
(M
u
a
id •
Sto
IS u
tn
01
*
-P
d)
^
0)
?
fl
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Sagrqphobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
TychoplanJctonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^
y
00
x
Y
Y
01
X
Y
X
Y
C\J
Y
on
Y
<*•
Y
Y
a*
X
Y
Y
X
Y
Y
Y
Y
10
Y
Y
x
Y
r^
Y
^~
Y
X
in
X
CO
Y
X
Y
Y
01
Y
.,,.
CO
Y
Y
Y
ID
X
X
X
Y
Y
Y
Y
10
Y
X
Alkali phi! ous;
range 4-9 (21 , 27, 43),
optimum 7.2-7.5 (4).
Indifferent
01 igpsaprotnc
Pe ri phyti c
Spri ng and Fal 1
maxinia
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24, 34); requires high oxygen concentrations (4); calciphilous (36);
one of first taxa to colonize new stream (33).
42
-------
Taxon
Achnanthes lanceolata var. dubia Grun.
References
Concensus S Notes
Alkali phi lous to
Indifferent;
range 7.0-9.0 (27)
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Observed especially in rather well aerated flowing waters and does not seem
to appear in large numbers under conditions of heavy organic enrichment (38).
43
-------
Taxon Achnanthes linearis (W.Sm.) Grun. var. linearis
References
Concensus & Notes
w
c
•H
•M
i
c
•H
•s
10
0)
.Q
*
CD
H
3
y
4-1
4-1
•H
,Q
fO
ffi
f-H
fC
•H
C\J
X
Y
Y
^,
CVJ
X
LO
oo
X
CO
ro
X
Y
CT>
oo
Y
Indifferent to
Alkali phi Toys; range
6.0-8.0 (27) , optimum
6.5-6.8 (4), or 7.5 (27)
Indifferent
,
Oligothermal and
Stenothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Especially abundant in mountainous regions (20); thrives in high oxygen
concentrations (4).
44
-------
Achnanthes mirrnr.ephala (Kutz.) Grun. var. microcephala
References
Concensus s Notes
S
tutrientj
Halobion
nt Saprobien
eneral Habitat Curre
pecific Habitat G
easonal
r^.,4- -
Acidobiontic
teidophilous ,
Indifferent X X ). X
Alkaliphilous j^_
Eutrophic . i
Mesotrophic i
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic , ]
Euhalobous
lesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X X X X
halophobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Indifferent X X
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous I
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphvtic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
attached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Indifferent to
Mkaliphilous;
-range 6.5-8.5 (21, 38),
\- -p- optimum 6.4-6.6 (4).
. __| p
1 — i 1
.ndifferent to
.imnophilous
1
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); the best indicator of permanent oxygen concentration in
weakly acid waters (4).
45
-------
Taxon Achnanthes minutissima Kutz. var. mi'nutissima
References
Concensus & Notes
33
o.
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
I
1 Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
I Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
, Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric ,
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
NJ
X
CO
X
^1-
X
^
X
X
00
x
X
X
01
X
X
o
X
X
x
Y
X
CVJ
X
PO
X
a\
X
X
csi
V
X
V
10
CJ
Y
X
X
1 —
CvJ
Y
-------
Taxon Achnanthes nollii Bock var. nollii
References
Concensus & Notes
Alkaliphilous?.
single record from
a relatively hard
water alkaline stream
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
47
-------
Taxon Amphjpleura pellucida Kutz. var. pellucida
References
Concensus s Notes
E
ft
putrien'
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
1 Specific Habitat
Seasona
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
_Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
.Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythernal
Undesignated
sf
X
00
X
Y
X
01
X
x
^
X
Y
X
cs.
x
X
*£>
C\J
X
x
X
r^
CM
X
O
ro
Y
Y
•sj-
ro
Y
X
00
rr>
J7
^j-
x
X
X
X
X
to
^~
Y
Y
Y
-
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.2-8.0 (8, 27),
optimum about 7.3 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Periphytic
Winter maximum
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (34); usually found in fairly hard water (38).
48
-------
Amphiprora alata Kutz. var.
alata
Deferences
Concensus & Notes
Indifferent
Alkalinhilous
Marine and Salty
akes and Ditches
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
49
-------
Taxon Amphiprora ornata Baily var. ornata
References
Concensus & Notes
i
a
Nu trier*
Ha lob ion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
J
1 Specific Habitat
Seasona
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
_Alka] jbiontic
Eu trophic
P'esotrophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha ranqe
beta ranqe
Oliqohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta ranqe
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Sprinq and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
^Winter
spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
ungothermal
Stenotherraal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
o
CM
X
y
X
V
X
CM
y
y
Y
u=>
CM
y
p
1 — i
H
_
1 —
I
1
,
—
—
— i
-
Indifferent to
Acidophilous
Halophobous
Saproxenous
Lakes, Ponds, Rivers
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
-------
Taxon
Amphiprora paludosa W.Sm. var. paludosa
References
Concensus S Notes
I
33
ft
JJ
C'
01
•H
H
c
o
•H
•s
rH
ftj
X
01
a
V,
H1
C
M
3
41
-P
A
K
rH
H
C
O
^j
flj
^>
•H
o
•9
•H
t)_t
-H
(j
0)
ft
Ul
^ XJ
o
ID O
CO
M
4->
U
td)
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliohilous
fllkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohal obous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Liranophilous
Indifferent
Rhsophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eury thermal
Undesignated
CO
^J- CT> O
•Ic^ >£>
OJ CO ^±
1
1
[
Indifferent
Mesohal obous
Oliqosaprobic
Rivers; near the
mouths of coastal
rivers.
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
51
-------
Taxon Amphora coffeaeformis Ag. var. coffeaeformis
References
Concensus £ Notes
a
c
•H
4J
i
c
•H
•§
a
0)
A
at
4->
C
0)
n
IH
3
u
nj
4J
•H
,Q
fd
E
H
fO
VH
Q)
-P
4->
J3
ffi
O
U-l
O
&
O (A
SO
CO
0)
n
3
.p
(0
u
O
a
EH
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ollgohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
we so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
turythermal
Undesignated
CO
X
?N~
x
x
01
CSJ
10!
ro
.,
^
Y
Y
j
—
Alkaliphilous;
range 4.5-8.2 (8, 21),
optimum over 8 (4) .
Alpha-Mesosaprobi c
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Mesooxybiontic (26).
52
-------
Taxon Amphora inflate Kutz. var. inflata
References
Concensus s Notes
K
c:
•H
i
^
c
•iH
•o1
rd
01
J3
S
nj
d
lM
fl
4-1
«
iJ
•H
ja
re
ffi
H
<«
^
QJ
C
(U
u
JJ
nj
+j
xi
ffi
0
IH
O
«,
? ,;
O 10
rd O
CO
(U
M
3
iJ
nj
M
QJ
f*
r^i
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphiious
Al.'calibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Eunalooous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
.'ndifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenotherraal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^i-
X
10
CVJ
X
X
X
X
Y
CO
CO
X
X
1
A1 kal iphiious ;
optimum 7 5-8 5 (4)
Indifferent
Saproxenous
Rheophilous
Aerophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24); thrives at high oxygen concentrations (4).
53
-------
Taxon Amphora oval is Kutz. var. oval is
References
Concensus S Notes
r-j "I ;r 2 s
K
0,
— n —
c
o i— vo
c^j <\j ro co en co *d-
Alkaliphilous;
~~j~ range 6.2-9.0 (Z, B,
X XX 21 , 27),
optimum 7-8.5 (36) .
Indifferent
JL
I Jt —
Oligosaprobic
!L X_
Indifferent to
Limnophilous
Standing water
.
Periphytic
JC
"T"
u_i_LLL I
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24}; calciphilous (36).
54
-------
Taxon Amphora oval is var. lybica (Ehr.) Cl.
References
Concensus s Notes
K
(J
•H
-P
£
c
•H
O
v
c
01
a
it
a
-P
c
a
M
v>
6
4-1
ra
4-1
•H
ft
a
a
r-l
*
)•<
(U
C
Cl
O
4J
S
43
tc
U
»w
U
a
? ,;
O w
il u
0)
0)
n
4J
m
^
o>
n1
^
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliohilous
AlkaJ ibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Hstuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
c:
X
1
Y
i — C\J
X X
v> ^-01
— r— C\
)
J^
_^ _x_
J^
^~
fO
X
Y
Y
r> LD
^o <*•
X
Y
X
A1 kal iphilous
Indifferent
Periphytic
Fall;
weak fall maximum
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
55
-------
Taxon Amphora ovalis var. pediculus Kutz.
References
Concensus s Notes
r-* — us r~- c* 01
i — i — >J CM OJ CM CO
X ,X X X
1
X X
1. X_ JL
X
_x_
_x
x
TO 10
* ^f
X
J
X
- . 1
1
4
=
Alkaliphilous;
range 4.5-9.0 (8, 21,
27).
Indifferent
Mesosaprobic to
01 igosaprobic
Indifferent
Spring, Stream
and Aerophilous
Periphytic,
Epiphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24); large growth in highly aerated situations (21).
56
-------
Taxon Amphora submontane Hust. var. submontana
References
Concensus & Notes
X
ft
Njtrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
J
| Specific Habitat
Seasona
I Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dyrtrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophil ic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
«3-
X
AT kal Iphilous ;
optimum around
7 5 (4)
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
57
-------
Taxon Amphora veneta (Kutz.) Must, var. veneta
References
Concensus s Notes
X
ft
J-i
C
01
-H
h
4J
3
Z
C
O
•H
*
id
B
<1)
J3
S.
(0
c:
n
3
«
+j
xi
£
H
S
C
O
4J
(d
•H
(0
-H
•H
o
-------
Taxon
Anomoeoneis foil is (Ehr.) Cl. var. follis
References
Concensus S Notes
%
c
•H
5
i
c
•H
•o1
K
OJ
&
±4
is
C
U
4J
jl
XI
<0
a
u
IM
U
£•
S-
4J
8(0
ffl G
W
QJ
M
3
-P
nj
M
0)
P
Q)
EH
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophil ic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
c
c\
OJ
X
X
in
ro
X
1
— 1
Acidophilous to
Indifferent
Halophobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments;
Northern alpine form (20); lives in water with humic acid (21;
59
-------
xaxon Anomoeoneis sphaerophora (Ehr.) Pfitz. var. sphaerophora
References
Concensus £ Notes
<* CO
X
ft
ii
c
-------
Taxon Anomoeoneis sphaerophora var. sculpta (Ehr.) 0. Mull.
References
Concensus & Notes
S
c
•H
ti
3
C
-H
^
tfl
CD
,Q
S
rd
C
M
r^
4-1
(d
•P
•H
XI
•a-
X
Alkalibiontic
Mesohalobous to
Halophilous
Lakes, Ponds, Rivers
and Pool s
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
61
-------
Taxon
Anomoeonei s vitrea (Grun.) Ross var. vitrea
References
Concensus
K
ft
+J
C
•H
JJ
#
c
.a
s
ti
OJ
J3
b
rd
C
^
3
4J
•P
£1
S
•H
2
C
O
flj
•H
A
$
•H
•H
o
S,
W
c *>
O K
ID O
W
if
.p
V4
a
•d- Ol O i — CM
Aciciobiontic x
Acidophilous j;
Indifferent XXX
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X X
halophobous X
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Hesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent X
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^> O i — UD 1^ LT)
X
JL_j
X. X_ X_
X
x
X
X X
0
X)
X
T>
x
— t
Al kalibiontic;
range 6.2-9.2 (21 , 27)
optimum 6.7 (4).
Saproxenous
Indifferent
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably Cosmopolitan (20); calcium indifferent (36).
62
-------
Taxon
Asterionella formosa Mass. var. formosa
References
Concensus S Notes
z
ft
4J
C
0)
•H
U
-P
3
Z
C
o
-H
XI
O
S
^1-
o
OJ
Y
x
UD
C\J
x
X
X
p^
CM
X
o
ro
X
X
x
•o
X
CO
ro
x
x
x
O"*
ro
X
-------
Taxon Asterionella formosa var. gracillima (Hantz.) Grun.
References
Concensus & Notes
£
A
c
ft
i)
j.
g
•rt
^
£
n
.0
S
&
c
?!
r^
4J
(Q
JJ
•H
,0
(8
ffi
rH
S
(U
C
4-)
S
-M
A
ID
S
0
•H
»M
CJ
Q,
to
S J
8 -S
S Q
CO
^
5
tJ
$
£
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
m
X
^
%j
X
71
•M
t
i
XI
•*i
X
\
Indifferent
Oligothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
64
-------
Taxon
Attheya zachariasi Brun var. zachariasi
References
Concensus s Notes
K
a.
IS
c
01
•H
^1
4.1
3
C
0
•H
*
t~4
a
D3
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythertnal
Undesignated
o
C\J
X
X
x
X
X
X
UD
CM
Y
x
-
Alkal iphilous
Eutrophic
Oligohalobous
Oligosaprobic
LakGs Ponds and
Ri vers
Euplanktonic
Fall maximum
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
65
-------
Taxon Bacillaria paradoxa Gmelin var. paradoxa
References
Concensus s Notes
S
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkalipjiilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream _,
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
00
X
X
n-
X
X
o
CVJ
X
r\j
X
X
10
CM
X
X
X
CTV
CM
X
X
o
ro
X
Y
CO
Y,
«a-
ro
X
X
X
S-
X
Y
UD
*3-
X
X
—
Indifferent
Mesohalobous
and Euryhalobous
Oligosaprobic
Periphytic
Oligothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Euryoxbiontic (36).
66
-------
Taxon
Biddulphia laevis Ehr. var. laevis
References
Concensus & Notes
X
ft
4-"
£
O
•rt
H
4J
c
o
•H
«
r-1
0)
X
0
A
a
r,1
C
H
3
4J
-P
X5
X
iH
M
C
O
4J
rd
4J
•H
n
•9
•H
>l i
•H
o
0)
CM
en
S ^
O w
s D
w
V4
5
V4
ft
LI
Aciclobiontic
Ac idoph i lous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiont-' c
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
m
^~
1
1
j
I
AT kali phi lous to
Alkalibiontic;
optimum over 8.5 (4)
Mesohalobous to
Oliqohalobous
— .
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
67
-------
Taxon
Caloneis alpestris (Grun.) Cl. var. alpestris
References
Concensus & Notes
£
c;
•H
.p
&
c
•H
•8
tC
Q)
rQ
8
rd
C
}-i
fl
•P
m
4J
•H
A
w
t-t
10
ft
C
e>
•P
«J
.p
S
u
U-t
0
a
en
ia •
S "
s Q
(fl
n
4-1
V4
£X
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
X
X
X
^2
X
X
C\J
X
CO
X
o
<\1
)(
*3-
co
X
IT)
CO
X
00
X
X
XI
m
X
Alkal iphilous
range 6.4-8.5 (8, 36)
Mesotrophic
Halophilous to
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Likes calcium and cool climates (38).
68
-------
Taxon
Caloneis amphisbaena (Bory) Cl. var. amphisbaena
References
Concensus & Notes
%
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
I Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
X
si-
X
CXI
X
X
X
o%
X
X
o
C\J
X
UD
OJ
X
X
X
NJ
X
?o
X
CO
m
X
CT>
ro
X
tn
^
X
X
£>
=d-
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27)
Halophilous
Beta-Mesosaprobic
to 01 igosaprobic
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
In Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America (24).
b9
-------
Taxon- Caloneis baciHan's var. thermal is (Grun.) A.C1.
References
Concensus S Notes
s,
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
J
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring^
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Found in water of high mineral content (38).
70
-------
Taxon Caloneis bacillum (Grun.) Cl. var. bacillum
References
Concensus S Notes
K
C
i
i
c
•H
o
B
0
J3
i-J
ft
f3
-P
c
0)
!M
J.i
3
tj
4J
«J
4-1
•H
X!
tti
a:
•H
(C
^
0)
c
0)
o
-P
3
•H
•9
S
u
•M
o
n,
n) •
O in
2Q
to
0)
n
3
+J
ra
u
0)
0,
EH
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophil ic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
En thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
«*
X
oc
X
X
X
X
01
y
X
o
y
X
d~
X
X
loo «a- CTI — JD r^ ^i-
i — i — i — XJ XJ CJ CO
X
X X X X X X
X X
x x
X
x
" X X"
h x
in CO crt 10
PO ro co «^-
Al kali phi lous;
range 4.3-9.0 (8. 21, 21)
X 1. ' optimum 7.5-8 (4, 21)
Indifferent
_£
|_JL1.
X
l__ Saproxenous
Rheophilous
., Springs and Streams
"crenophilous"
_x_
X
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); in soft or hard water (38).
71
-------
Taxon
Caloneis schumanniana var. bioconstricta Grun.
References
Concensus £ Notes
oo |co
i — i — i — cvi c\j ro
K
a.
— P —
c
0)
V*
H
4J
•3
C
0
•H
*
rd
X
0)
xi
&
rd
in
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
-?H
§*
0 W
8°
to
Temperature
Acidobiontic
ftcidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous X XX
Alkalibiontic X
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous X
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous X
halophilous
indifferent XX X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophil ic
Saproxenous X
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic X X
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake X
Pond X
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic X
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
AT kali phi lous;
range 6.7-8.0 (8).
but also found in
brackish water (38)
- Limnobiontic
Lakes and Ponds
L Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Seems to prefer water with a fair amount of calcium (38).
72
-------
Caloneis schumanniana (Grun.) Cl. var. schumanniana
References
Concensus s Notes
ft
— p —
c
0)
•H
M
4J
3
C
0
•1-1
.Q
o
a
ffi
c
CD
•H
J3
a
«
c
n
p.
4->
4J
•3
X
l-<
u
c
o
3
-H
Cd
•H
•H
ft
m
9 ±j
o w
SI °
CO
)-l
s
n
QJ
§
03 __ ^g^l
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent X
Alkaliphilous j ) XXX
Alkalibiontic X X
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic ,
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous J(
halophilous
indifferent X X X X X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic X X
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake ^_
Pond i_
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic X
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
UD Ch ^- ID CO VO (
c\j c\j m ro co ^i-
X X
JL.X,
, X
I
X
Alkaliphilous to
Alkalibiontic;
range 7.2 to over 8 (4, 8),
Indifferent
Saproxenous
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); seems to prefer water with a fair amount of calcium (38).
73
-------
Taxon
Caloneis ventricosa var. truncatula (Grun.) Meist.
References
Concensus & Notes
Q.
c
•H
4-1
i
c
-H
$
rd
QJ
-Q
a.
jj
c
H
3
u
•u
(0
4-1
•H
43
(0
K
H
m
ii
q
m
X
Al kaliphilous;
range 6.0-9.0 (27).
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Indifferent
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21).
74
-------
xaxon Capartogramma crucicula (Grun. ex Cl.) Ross var. crucicula
Concensus S Notes
References
Rlkalibiontic
Mesohalobous?
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
Oliqohalobous
alpha range
beta rang
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Spring and Stream
hi!
Tychoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
75
-------
Taxon Cocconeis diminuta Pant. var. diminuta
References
Concensus & Notes
SB
C
•H
4J
C
.a
o
rt
0)
XI
n,
£'
4J
c
0)
^
fl
+J
nJ
4J
•r4
XI
10
E
H
rtj
U
0)
C
O
4J
a
•u
•H
43
$
u
•H
4H
O
a
w
g.
jj
O W
31 °
CO
M
V
M
a
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Allcal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipel ic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eury thermal
Undesignated
«sf
X
CO
X
X
X
01
X
X
X
X
X
•a-
X
X
o
X
X
X
p.)
x
Y
X
10
f\l
X
X
X
~^
C\J
X
LO
<*r
X
X
V
X
y
X
...
Alkalibiontic;
range 6.4-8.3 (8, 27),
optimum around 8 (4).
Eu trophic
Indifferent to
Halophobous
Indi f ferent
Lakes Ponds and
Rivers
Periphytie, Attached
or Unattached
Winter maximum
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably Cosmopolitan (21).
76
-------
Taxon Cocconeis pediculus Ehr. var. pediculus
References
Concensus S, Notes
Alkaliphilous;
range 4.7-9.0 (27),
optimum 7-9 (27),
.5 (4). .
Indifferent;
but apparently tolerates
some salt.
Saproxenous to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24, 26); calcium indifferent (36).
77
-------
Taxon Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta (Ehr.) C1,
References
Concensus £ Notes
B
C
•r\
-M
§>
C
-H
O
t3
(I)
XJ
s
r,;
C
^
J.J
nj
A
r^
i-t
fO
t-i
K)
+J
•«H
.Q
nj
K
U
•H
4-1
(J
A
"3 •
o n
«J O
t/3
M
4J
V)
Q.
Acidobiontic
Aoidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Al.'cal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
D^'Strophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalofcous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnonhilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
rE*:u5ry
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenotherraal
Metathermal
Eurythernal
Undesignated
00
y
X
X
a*
X
X
C\J
X
oo
X
X
«*
X
X
o^
X
x
Y
X
0
exj
X
Y
C\J
X
X
X
10
CSJ
X
X
X
\j
X
>d-
co
X
X
CO
ro
X
X
X
o-i
m
X
^o
«*
X
x
Y
Y
Alkaliphilous ;
range 6.2-9.0 (8, 27)
Indifferent
Oljgpsaprobic
.
Indifferent to
Rheophilous
Fdl 1 maximufri
Euthermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24).
78
-------
Cocconeis placentula var. lineata (Ehr.) V.H.
References
Concensus S Notes
A1 kali phi lous;
range 4.7-9.0 (27), most
frequent 7-9 (27).
Indifferent to
Rheophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21).
79
-------
Taxon Cocconeis placentula Ehr. var. placentula
References
Concensus & Notes
g
C
•H
JJ
&
C
•H
3
u
-------
Taxon Cocconeis scutellum Ehr. var. scutellum
References
Concensus X Notes
F ~
a
— u —
c
01
n
3
C
0
•H
fl
M
a
E
c
OJ
•H
ft
O
V4
ft
r3
en
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent ,
Alkaliphilous _£
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous X_ X_ X_ 1_
Mesohalobous y j{_
alpha range
beta range
01 igoha lobou s
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophil ic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Liranophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
i Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic X
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
01 1
<"> 1
_^ 1
1
_-L__- j
Alkaliphilous
• i —
1
Marine
Periphytic
-
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21).
81
-------
Taxon Cocconeis thumensis A.Mayer var. thumensis
References
Concensus S Notes
3J
c
•H
•M
i
c
• rJ
of
7j
OJ
.Q
S
rj
4J
C
n
3
4J
fC
4J
•rl
,3
rd
K
H
tf
M
Q)
C
0)
0
4-3
nl
4->
•H
A
to
EG
0
-H
•M
U
0)
a
c J
o w
d p
U3
^
5
M
a
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta ranqe
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenotherraal
Metatheimal
EurytLermal
Undesignated
^~
X
o
X
X
f
*3-
X
X
-------
Taxon
Coscinodiscus lacustris Grun. var. lacustris
References
Concensus S Notes
Indifferent to
Alkali Phil OPS
Euryhalobous
Rgta-Mesojialobous to
Halophilous
Oligohalobous
Oligosaprobic
Rheophilou
Rheobiontic
Periphytic to
Tvchoplanktonic
Tvchoplanktoni
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 23); mesooxybiontic (26).
83
-------
Taxon Coscinodi sens rothii var. subsalsa
(juhl.-DannT.) Hust.
References
Concensus £ Notes
Halophilojs and
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (23, 24).
84
-------
Taxon
Cyclotella aliquantula Hohn and Hellerman var. aliquantula
References
Concensus S Notes
:idophilc
Indiffe
Alkaliphilc
Alkalibiont:
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
31:
ph
Polyhalobous
uhalotK
ohalc
alphi
bet;
Oligohalob
halophilous
indiffe
alophobi
Polysaprobic
c
01
•r!
XI
I
tn
ob:
alpha range
beta range
Dl
ob:
Saprophilic
Lit
philc
ndiffe
philc
Lake
philc
Rivers
Euplank'
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
alic
ilithic
epidendrie
attached
ched
Winter
Spring
Summer
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligotherma1
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Unde
uted
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
85
-------
Taxon Cyclotella atomus Hust. var. atomus
References
Concensus s Notes
Oligothermal
Stenotherma]
Metathermal
Eurythermal_
Undesignated
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Mesooxybiontic (26).
86
-------
Cyclotella bodanica Eulenst. var. bodanica
References
Concensus & Notes
1^"
EC
&
p—
c
-------
Taxon Cyclotella caspia Grun. var. caspia
References
Concensus S Notes
S
pjutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
i
1 Specific Habitat
Seasonaj
1 Dist.
I Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
ftlkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igoha lobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Heso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CM
C\J
X
X
—
Mesohalobous and
Euryhalobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
88
-------
Cyclotella comta (Ehr.) Kotz. var. comta
References
Concensus S Notes
a:
ft
— u
c
to
•H
n
c
o
•H
*
rH
nl
3:
-------
Taxon Cyclotella crypta Reimann, Lewin and Guillard var. crypta
References
Concensus S Notes
a
c
•H
£
z
c
•H
•8
«J
(U
.Q
S
S
-p
a>
W
M
'A
ti
4J
•H
.Q
ft!
S
H
a!
in
c
(11
o
JJ
4J
a
s>.
U
IM
0
&
S.
jj
o n
IS w
VI
0)
if
^
to
U
V
£H
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
nalophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Kesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
FMarine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
OJ
^f
X
Mesohalobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
90
-------
Taxon Cyclotella glomerata Bachmann var. glomerata
References
Concensus S Notes
B!
0,
— p —
c
o)
•H
H
3
C
o
•rl
«
H
10
X
4J
ft
X
f-H
H
C
0
4J
n
-H
ffi
u
•H
«M
-H
y
0)
fl.
CO
S,
§"
S Q
^
h
JJ
n
to)
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnoohilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
3 *
NJ "O
X.X.
Acidophilous;
optimum less than 7
Euplanktonic
(4).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
91
-------
Taxon Cyclotella kUtzingiana Thwaites var. kutzingiana
References
Concensus & Notes
%
c
•H
a
i
c
•H
0
a
0)
f>
3
+j
c
(U
n
g
4J
10
4->
•H
ft
n)
X
i-H
18
M
0)
c
.p
a
•3
x
u
*n
o
,9-
Is n
lii "i
su
en
(U
n
3
+J
(d
s
H1
§
H
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
*
>
iO
X
V
V
X
X
CO
)
y
X
0
)
Y
^
>
Y
Y
CSJ
>
Y
CO
X
*
>
Y
^
Y
c\
\
Y
1 —
Y
f.
X
S
Y
1
range 6.4-8.0 (8) ,
Indi fferent
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
92
-------
Taxon
Cyclotella meneghiniana Kutz. var. meneghiniana
References
Concensus S Notes
K
ft
-4J
C
O
•H
fl
§
C
^
*
rH
m
HI
XI
&
n3
C
M
g
Y
Y
x
X
y
x>
r
X
t
in
y
X
o
CM
x
X
)
X
«a-
CM
Y
\j
M
)
CD
CM
O
ro
x
•o
(
S
X
J
X
10
ro
y
CT»
ro
t
CO
*fr
\
X
LO
X
LO
f
;
A
X
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27, 43),
optimum 8-8.5 (4).
Hal ophi lous
Al pha-Mesosaprobi c
Peri phyti c
Tychopl anktonic
anH Fun! anktnni c
Fal 1 maximum
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); euryoxybiontic (26); a facultative nitrogen heterotroph (4);
calcium indifferent (36).
93
-------
Taxon "Cyclotella michiganiana Skv. var. michiganiana
References
Concensus s Notes
Q,
C
•H
4J
i
c
•rl
•§
m
c
XI
B
W
^
C
4)
H
4-1
ra
4J
D.
a
H
us
0)
o
4J
s
2
X
u
Oi
S 4J
O 10
to
0)
n
flj
s
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
e£iphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
X
X
01 igotrophic
Euplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
94
-------
Cyclotella ocellata Pant, var. ocellata
References
Concensus S Notes
s
il
c
0)
•H
fl
g
C
0
•H
*
H
id
X
Saprobien
•p
c
a)
n
n
3
u
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•
XI
X
X
NJ
53-
l
f
O
•\J
X
Al kal i phi lous »
range 6.7-8.8 (4, 8),
optimum 8.4-8.8 (4).
Indi f ferent
Limnobiontic
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Europe, Asia and Africa (24).
-------
Taxon Cyclotella pseudostelligera Must, var. pseudostelligera
References
Concensus S Notes
X
a
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontlc
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrojohic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
-
X
X
X
m
X
si-
X
X
VJ
X
IO
CM
X
x
Indifferent
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Limnophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
96
-------
Taxon Cyclotella stelligera C1. u. Grun. var. stelligera
References
Concensus s Notes
X
ft
JJ
c
o
•H
H
JJ
3
C
•r4
«
a
4->
»-»
tj
c
o
s
••-(
J5
S
u
•H
IM
•H
U
ft
W
S iJ
a 2
S Q
01
%
4J
U
0)
Q)
8
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
P^esohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
=1-
x
;
CVJ
1
\J
1
*3-
ro
in
ro
y
I
Indifferent to
Alkaliphilous;
optimum 7.5-8 (4, 45)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Periphytic to
Tychoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24).
97
-------
Taxon Cyclotella striata (Kcitz) Grun. var. striata
References
Concensus S Notes
S
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
J
1 Specific Habitat
jSeasona
| Dist.
Temperature
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
=3-
X
DO
X
X
X
TV
X
ro
X
o
OJ
X
X
10
CM
X
Y
Alkaliphilous to
Indifferent;
range 6.8 8.0 (8).
Mesohalobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Mesooxybiontic (26).
98
-------
Taxon Cylindrotheca gracilis (Breb.) Grun. var. gracilis
References
Concensus s Notes
X
0.
B
O
•H
u
4J
|
B
O
•H
fl
id
a
XI
2
fij
c
"
3
a
4->
•s
tc
iH
c
8
v
S
-H
(3
o
•H
>H
•H
0
X,
a .,
0 «
S °
M
%
2
B
r1
r5)
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•a-
;
t
r
1
Indifferent to
Alkali phi lous
Eutrophic
Halophilous and
Euryhalobous
(see comment below)
Shallow Pools
Euplanktonic or
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Oligooxybiontic (26); nitrogen heterotroph (4); total conductivity, concentration
of sulfates, magnesium, calcium or some intercombination of same may be more
critical to growth and distribution of this diatom than the chloride or sodium
ions (5).
99
-------
Taxon Cymatopleura solea (Breb.) W.Sm. var. solea
References
Concensus & Notes
a
c
•H
iJ
i
G
•H
3
a
0)
ja
8
&
4J
C
a
4J
.g
s
U
•H
tM
0
a
w
rt~T
C 4-1
O in
rtl O
u
H
s
p
r^
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytio
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
OJ
X
m
X
•a-
X
Y
f~-
X
X
X
X
X
o>
x
X
•—
x
X
X
ro
y
«-
x
X
CSJ
Y
x
iO
CVJ
Y
X
X
\j
Y
o>
-------
Taxon Cymbella affinis Katz. var. affinis
References
Concensus & Notes
0.
J3 —
c
0)
•H
N
3
C
O
-H
fl
H
«J
I
C
a
A
a
H1
C
H
3
4-1
4J
A
K
rH
si
c
O
(fl
-H
•3
-H
-H
o
ft,
u?
C *•
o w
s °
UJ
£
-p
^
§
$
Acicjobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
OligotroDhic
D-'Strophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
-«3-
X
1
X
o> cno
L L
V V V
x
— CM CO ^-
X X
X
D r-
Nl C\J
<
O
\\
X
V
X
Y
X
I
-•»
M
ft
•n
X
X
T»
•o
Alkaliphilous to
Alkalibiontic;
range 4.3-9.0 (8, 26, 27)
optimum 7.8-8.5 (4, 26).
Indifferent
Sapropnobic to
01 igosaprobic
Summer form
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); best development in warmer lands (20).
101
-------
Taxon Cymbel1 a aspera (Ehr.) Cl. var. aspera
References
Concensus s Notes
X
c
•H
4-1
i
C
•H
0
rtf
0)
J3
Qj
a
4J
C
o
M
rt
4-)
•H
•a
SB
H
«)
IH
V
C
(1)
O
4J
S
•H
•9
K
0
«M
o
n,
§•
4J
O W
in -H
0)
CO
0)
M
•3
4->
ft
U
11)
a
t<
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Aikaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Eurvhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
AerophiXous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
,_ Winter
Spring
Fall ~~
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
C\J
X
X
X
X
X
*3-
X
00
X
X
X
01
X
X
o
X
X
-
X
X
X
CM
X
*±
X
X
c\
X
Y
Y
U3
f\
X
X
X
r-s.
r\i
X
en
r\
X
X
£
X
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.3-9.0 (2, 8, 21,
27),
optimum 7-8.5 (4, 36).
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Indifferent
n
Spring form
Mesothermal and
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); oxygen saturation is optimal (4); calcium indifferent (36).
102
-------
Taxon Cymbal la austriaca Grun. var. austriaca
References
Concensus s Notes
S
c
•H
a
i
C
•rH
•§
S
0)
J3
fa
.p
c
d>
H
3
CJ
4-1
01
•P
•H
J3
(0
ffi
H
flj
>H
0}
c
o
u
4J
rd
4J
•H
XJ
K
O
IM
O
a,
? ,;
O (0
IS"
en
0)
VI
3
4J
ra
h
(V
H1
s
B
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkalighilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous ,
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•i-
X
X
X
no
X
Acidophilous to
Indifferent;
optimum less than 6 (4)
Indifferent
Limnophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
In alpine water (20).
103
-------
Cymbella cistula (Hemprich) Grun. var. cistula
References
Concensus S Notes
l^-lcoloi ojIcoUt en r-K°t
ffi
ft
— p — r
c
o
•rl
H
3
C
•i
*
H
«j
33
C
11)
•H
A
P,
a
ra
w
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
n
Limnobiontic J(_
Limnophilous X X
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous _|
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic (
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
JD tc^ i —
in o
-------
Taxon
Cymbella hustedtii Krasske var. hustedtii
References
Concensus S Notes
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
105
-------
TaxonCymbella microcephala Grun. var. microcephala
References
Concensus s Notes
X
a
•H
a
i
c
.2
o
rd
c
0)
.a
#
c
Jit
fl
4-1
rt)
4J
•H
XI
rt
a:
H
n)
k<
0)
c
o
o
4J
nj
4->
A
E
o
•H
0
ft
? ,;
% "]
s°
-------
Cymbella naviculiformis Auersw. var. naviculiformis
References
Concensus s Notes
ffi
a
— p —
R
0)
n
c
o
•H
A
O
fM
ta
s
c
a)
•H
XI
ii
S1
c
M
3
-p
JJ
-Q
EC
rH
IS!
c
o
fl
•H
s.
•H
-H
V
tn
$ ^
o
s °
en
M
3
u
o.
§
03 ^2 dS
Acidobiontic
Ac idophi lo us .
Indifferent X J( JLp(_ X_ X_ X_ X_
Alkaliphilous X X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oliqotrochic .
Dvstrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range ,
beta range
Oligohalobous Xj
nalophilous
indifferent X X X X X_ J£_
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic |
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic '.
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent XX X
Rheophilous i
Rheobiontic t
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
-~. o> ^- ID ix> tn
NI cvj n co co^j-|
X Indifferent; range
L x_ 6.0-9.0 (8, 21, 27, 36),
X _ optimum 7.5-8.0 (4).
Indifferent
JLJL
Oligosaprobic
_i i . Weak Fal 1 niaxiniuni
! jj_
i
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); calcium indifferent (36); oxygen saturation is optimal (4).
107
-------
_ Cymbella norwegica Grun. var. norwegica
laxon
References
Concensus s Notes
Indifferent;
range 7.0-8.5 (36)
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Boreal form (10); northern alpine form (20).
108
-------
(BerkJ_£L-yar. prostrata
References
Concensus s Notes
Al kali phi lous;
range 4.0-9.0 (8, 27),
optimum 7-8.5 (4, 36).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Oxygen saturation is optimal (4); calcium indifferent (36).
109
-------
Taxon Cymbella sinuata Greg. var. sinuata
References
Concensus S Notes
E
c1
•H
-M
P
C
•H
O
a
0)
ja
ri
-P
c
<1)
tt
fl
•P
(fl
•P
•H
fl
K
rH
nj
ft
C
X
00
X
X
X
r—
V
X
X
(\
X
CO
X
rr
y
y
O
y
X
y
in
rs
y
01
X
O!
ro
y
CO
^f
y
y
y
y
Y
Y
10
^f
'
Indifferent;
range 5.5-8.2 (8, 21, 43)
optimum around 8 (4).
Indifferent
Limnobiontic
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24).
110
-------
Taxo:
)n Cymbella tumida (BrSb.) V.H. var. tumida
References
Concensus & Notes
range 6.5-9.0 (8, 21, 27).
Alkali phi lous to
Alkalibiontic;
Indifferent to
Halophobous
Oliqosaprobic to
Saproxenous
Geographical distribution and additional comments^
Cosmopolitan (21, 24).
Ill
-------
Taxon Cymbella turgida (Greg.) Cl. var. turgida
References
Concensus s Notes
S,
Nutrient
c
0
•H
3
s
Saprobien
4-t
£
0>
n
*
General Habitat
jj
5
•H
a
X
o
-H
<4-t
•H
8
a,
w
Seasonal
Dist.
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontio
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotroohic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligo thermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
*
X
DO
X
X
X
o
X
X
X
-
X
X
X
c\
X
X
en
X
*j-
X
x
c^
X
X
to
t^
X
x
x
r^
CM
X
s
X
X
X
in
CO
X
S
x
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.2-8.5 (8,
optimum somewhat
under 7.5 (4).
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Limnobiontic
Periphytic
21, 27),
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); oxygen saturation is optimal (4).
112
-------
Taxon
Cymbella ventricosa Kutz. var. ventricosa
References
Concensus s Notes
Indifferent;
Fange 5.3-8.5 (19, 27, 43),
optimum 7.7-7.8 (4).
Alkalibiontic
Oligohalobous
Oliqosaprobic to
Mesosaprobic
Oligosaprobic
Rheophilous to
Indifferent
Summer and Fall
form
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal. to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); mesooxybiontic (26); oxygen saturaiton is optimal (4).
113
-------
Taxon Denticula elegans Kcttz. var. elegans
References
Concensus s, Notes
S
putrient
Halobion
Saprobien
4J
c
m
n
x
3
U
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasona
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Dndesignated
<*
K
AlkaliDhilou^'
optimum around 8 (4)
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
114
-------
Taxon Diatoma anceps (Ehr.) Grun. var. anceps
References
Concensus S Notes
CB
Q.
— V —
a
n
G
0
*
H
Q
as
01
A
K
S
C
£
p.
4-1
-P
•8
SB
H
8
c
S
rs
•*•<
X
•H
-H
8
w
g w
S 2
2 a
CO
n
4J
H
&
§
^JJO UD CO col
C\J OJ CO «3- ^1-
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent _X
halophobous X
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous (
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Litnnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous 1
Rheobiontic )
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic X
Periphytic X
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall )
Eu thermal
Mesothential
Oligothermal J^
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
i
fll leal i nhi 1 nil*;'?
Halophobous to
Indi f ferent
Saproxenous
Rheophilous to
Rheooiontic
Periphytic or
Tychoplanktonic
Fall maximum
01 i qothermal
- —
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Often found in mountainous regions (38).
115
-------
Taxon Diatoma hiemale (Roth) Heib. var. heimale
References
Concensus & Notes
•a- CM n co co
. T, rz CM en a:
cli
7T-
c
CJ
•H
Vj
-p
§
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
4J
5
•H
•§
0
•H
m
•H
U
OJ
Sf
TT
C -P
O M
Temperature Se"
Acidophilous x
Indifferent
Aikaliphiious X X >
Alkalibiontic |X _XJ
Eu trophic
Mesotrophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous %
indifferent
halophobous J£ j^
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saprogenous X
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic !
Limnophilous [
Indifferent
RhPcphilous
Rheobiontic i
Marine i
Estuary
Lake _I
River
Sprxng and Stream
Other ,
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic i ~~]
Periphytic !
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic ,
attached
unattached
Winter
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal X y
Stenothermal X
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Aikaliphiious to
6.3-8.2 (43), optimum
less than 7 (4).
Halophobous
t
Saproxenous
-|-
^ J.
1
— T~ • • •
! , . „, _
"I
— ^
— i ,
_ 1
1
f~— ]—-
, Stenothermal and
1 Oligothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24).
116
-------
Taxon Diatoma tenue var. elongatum Lyngb.
References
Concensus S Notes
r— i— r— i— C\J OJ
a
JT—
c
0
*
c
o
•H
rH
id
B
C
HI
•H
ft
2
&
w
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
13
Season
Dist
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous .
Indifferent \'.(
Alkaliphilous X _X. _X _X_ JL
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous X C X X X X
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range t
Oligosaprobic V
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic X
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent X _X_
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake X
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other X
Euplanktonic X
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
3 co o> ir: H3
Alkaliphilous to
T range 6.4-8.3 (8),
Halophilous
f
XXX
— Beta-Mesosaprobic
J(
.
• — Indifferent
Lakes and Bogs
1 X Euplanktonic to
j Periphytic
1
i
1
1
-
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably Cosmopolitan but seldom seen in the tropics (24); mesooxybiontic (26),
117
-------
Taxon Diatoma vulgare Bory. var. vulgare
References
Concensus & Notes
£
a
•H
U
§
c
•H
•O1
ID
0)
A
if
-p
£
0)
u
V)
«
4-1
IB
4J
•H
*
E
H
at
H
to
C
0)
O
U
5
.Q
rd
ffi
O
M-l
o
S1
Is M
R °i
So
M
CO
si
4J
H
ft
EH
Acidobiontic
ftcidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
LPall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
-
Y
X
^a-
X
r^.
X
V
Y
00
X
X
X
en
X
X
-
X
X
X
CM
X
CO
x
01
X
Y
X
O
Y
10
Y
X
Y
X
r^
CM
Y
Y
£
en
Y
-
Y
00
Y
X
Y
01
X
«rf
X
X
Y
_x
Y
Y
L£>
rt
X
Al kal ibiontic to
AT kal i phi 1 ous '
ranap fi 4-R ? (& 97 A.')}
Eutrophi c
Indifferent
Beta-Mesosaprobic to
Oligosaprobic
Rheophilous
Periphytic and
Epiphytic
Winter dominant
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan but seldom observed in the tropics (24); in summer dominant on
Cladophora in large eutrophic lakes, and in winter on other substrata in the
surf zone (27).
118
-------
Taxon Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngb.) M. Schmidt var. geminata
References
Concensus S Notes
in
Ot
tricnt
3
c
•H
3
.H
EC
C
•H
.Q
a
a
3
4-1
C
0>
n
V4
u
eneral Habitat
Specific Habitat G
easonall t
n-it,*- *
1 S
| Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous .
Indifferent X
Alkaliphilous
Eutrophic .
Mesotrophic i
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic i
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
Oligohalobous .
halophobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range ,
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Marine
Estuary
Lake
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Indifferent;
optimum 6.5-7.4 (lb)
i_ —
i _.
_4_
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
119
-------
Taxon Diploneis elliptica (Kutz.) Cl. var. elliptica
References
Concensus & Notes
X
c
•H
i!
i
C
°
•§
s
0)
.Q
n
13
4J
C
a)
M
g
.p
10
4J
•H
4)
rH
a
id
n
0)
frl
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
<-
X
00
X
X
X
Ol
X
X
o
X
X
^~
X
x
Y
CM
X
n
X
o
r>
X
x
X
10
X
x
x
x
a*
X
CO
CO
X
Y
Ol
Y
Indifferent to
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.4-8.2 (8) ,
optimum around 8 (4)
Indifferent
Saproxenous
Limnophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21 , 24).
120
-------
Taxon Diploneis interrupta (Kutz.) Cl. var. interrupta
References
Concensus & Notes
In «a- co
%
trient
|
e
o
•H
ft
O
a
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophiloi'.s
Indifferent
Alkalinhilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous X X.
alpha range
beta range X
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Me so saprob ic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
O r — CXI C-O
1
l°°
00
r •
yi
"O
X
1
£>
=t
1
X
1
Alkaliphilous;
Mesohalobous
Coastal form
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
121
-------
Taxon Diploneis oblongella (Naeg. ex. Kutz.) Ross var. oblongella
References
Concensus & Notes
%
c
•H
4J
i
C
*H
O
rj
K
QJ
ja
f3
C
^
tf
10
4J
•H
•a
rH
18
ki
QJ
c
01
C5
4J
4J
fl
£
u
4H
O
a
Is ,;
O W
fiu
en
V4
4-1
h
ft
H
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta ranqe
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Sapr ophob ic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Penphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
i-
;
CO
)
V
(
CT»
)
Y
o
\
x
CO
1
m
X
>*
X
Y
U3
Y
CT»
Y
Y
l£>
r\
Y
x
,
1-
x
y
t.
Y
CO
ro
x
Y
1 —
V£>
X
x
Al kali phi lous;
optimum over 8 (4)
Indifferent
Saproxenous
Indifferent
n
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan but seldom in tropics (24); calcium indifferent (36).
122
-------
Taxon Diploneis smithii (Breb. ex. W. Sm.) Cl. var. smithii
References
Concensus & Notes
ffi
a
— p — r
c
0
•I-T
W
-tJ
3
C
.y
A
o
H
id
E
-------
Taxon Epithemia sorex Katz. var. sorex
References
Concensus & Notes
a
c
-H
i)
3
C
•H
o
It)
01
A
2
fd
•p
C
-------
Taxon Epithemia turgida (Ehr.) Katz. var. turgida
References
Concensus S Notes
P —
B
£
H
3
C
.a
*
rH
(0
0)
A
B
ft
C
M
g
4J
4J
X;
X
H
2
C
O
ti
•rH
XI
S
•H
•H
u
(U
ft
w
? 1
g »
s °
to
VI
S
i^
a
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dvstrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
«3-
f-
r
CO
y
12|£
V
CM CO
x
1
^~
1
NJ
/
.£>
%J
Y
X
i
CT»
M
X
Y
o
ro
A
•n
i_
ro
X
.0
no
'
"O
•o
Alkaliphilous to
Alkaltbiontlc;
range 4.6-9.U ,(%,„£(},
Indifferent
Saproxenous to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
n
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); calciphilous (36).
125
-------
Taxon Epithemia zebra (Ehr.) Kutz. var. zebra
References
Concensus S Notes
s
putrien
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
pecific Habitat
i» p
o w
tft -H
a a
0
«
OJ
*
4J
(0
h
o
ft
FH
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CM
y
Y
Y
V
**
^
h^
X
X) &
V Y
> X
If
o
Y
>
'-
Y
•)
™^\S^ft^
x
X X X X
X X
X X
x
x
1 —
/ —
i
* LO CT. 10
?O CO CO *3-
Alkaliphilous to
4.7-9.0 (2, 8, 21, 27),
Indifferent
X XX
X
Saproxenous to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Indifferent
X Periphytic
Eurythermal and
Mesothermal to
Euthermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (5, 20).
126
-------
Taxon Eunotia curvata (Ktftz.) Lagerst. var. curvata
References
Concensus s Notes
\J
B
ft
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent x
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
=1- CO cr
;
X
JL
O i —
X
X
X
NJ
X
*d-
X
X
-Kp
•viK
X"
V
A
Y
Nl
X
y
LO
n
x
CO
m
x
X
y
X
01
CO
X
LO
•3-
u
X
X
x
Y
Acidophilous to
Indifferent; range
4.0-9.0 (2, 8, 27),
optimum 5.5-6.0 (4).
Eutrophic to
Oligotrophic
Indifferent to
Halophobous
Oligosaprobic
Spri nqs , Streams ,
Ri vers Ponds and
Tychoplanktonic or
Periphytic, attached
or unattached
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); widely distributed in water of low mineral content (38);
calcium indifferent (36).
127
-------
Taxon Eunotia formica Ehr. var. formica
References
Concensus S Notes
X
o.
putrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
,1
1 Specific Habitat
Seasona
| Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotroohic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
L ininophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•a-
X
CO
X
X
X
NJ
X
y
Y
•3-
CM
X
M3
OJ
X
r-s
OJ
X
LO
ro
X
8
X
X
i
Indifferent;
range 6-7.6 (8, 26,
optimum less than 6
Halophobous
Limnobiontic
Periphytic
27),
(4).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably Cosmopolitan (21).
128
-------
Taxon Eimotia pectinalis var. minor (Kcitz.) Rabh.
References
Concensus S Notes
CT> O .— CM rO i—
r- ,_ r— ,— C\J
3,
— p—
c
-------
Taxon Eunotia pectinalis (O.F. Mall.?) Rabh. var. pectinalis
References
Concensus S Notes
5
(3
•H
is
%
C
•rt
o
*
0>
A
S
G4
a
4>
c
o>
M
y
u
4J
m
•u
•A
A
10
S
rH
a
*
c
C\J
X
Y
Y
Y
NJ
X
X
LO
CO
X
00
CO
Y
X
Ol
00
Y
Acidophilous;
range 5.0-8.0 (8, 27),
optimum around 6.5 (4)
Oligotrophic to
Eutrophi c
Halophobous
Oligosaprobic to
Alpna-Mesosaprobic
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); prefers water of low mineral content (38); most
commonly found in the cooler regions or in the northern or central parts
of the United States (38).
130
-------
Taxon
Eunotia pectinalis var. undulata (Ralfs) Rabh.
References
Concensus S Notes
OJ OJ CXJ
a
IT—
c
0)
•H
U
4J
3
C
o
•H
*
>H
id
EC
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous X
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous X
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous X
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Rerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
I
Acidophilous to
Indifferent;
range 5.7-7.9 (27).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); water of low mineral content (38).
131
-------
Taxon Eunotia pectinalis var. ventricosa Grun.
References
Concensus & Notes
ft
Mutriem
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
l|
| Specific Habitat
Seasona
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Ondesignated
CO
X
X
X
^.
x
x
X
e\i
X
to
OJ
X
x
X
i^
cs
X
^-
CO
X
X
Acidophilous;
range 6.2-7.3 (27)
Halophobous
Oligosaprobic
Indifferent
Periphytij^
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); often found with the nominate variety (38).
132
-------
Taxon Fragilaria brevistriata Grun. var. brevistriata
References
Concensus s Notes
X
O,
JJ
C
o
•H
H
3
C
O
-H
#
a
X
0)
a
li
a-
c
8
p.
*j
4J
•S
ffi
r-t
2
c
o
Jt
flj
•p
-H
_Q
•3
fj
•H
M-(
•H
o
8,
W
§ *J
O U
2 Q
en
M
rt
3
td
^
QJ
a
P^
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligo thermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^t
CO
Y
Y
Y
* o
-
V
%J
o
r\l
,
x
y
X
00
m
X
1
ro
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.5-9.0 (8, 27),
optimum 7.5-7.8 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
.
Peri phyti c
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); in a wide range of conductivity (38).
133
-------
Taxon Fragilaria brevistriata var. inflata (Pant.) Hust.
References
Concensus £ Notes
K
C
•H
4J
^
e
•H
O
id
M
p
4J
ID
U
(U
f*
r5)
Acidobior.tic
Aeidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotroohic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
0>1
X
i^
CM
X
CO
CO
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 7.4-9.0 (27).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Seems to prefer water of fairly high conductivity (38).
134
-------
Taxon Fraailaria capucina Desm. var. capucina
References
Concensus s Notes
a
a
4J
C
0)
•H
M
4J
C
O
-H
O
td
X
a
ja
a
rt
c
M
3
JJ
JJ
3
s
rH
w
c
0
jj
td
4J
•H
^j
fO
T*
Q
•H
'I 1
-H
u
CD
C^
w
(fl
o w
s °
U)
V-J
^>
iH
r
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^j-
r^
J£
dcr
t(
~
•-
X
J^
CO
X
o
C\J
X
I
NJ
X
X
U3
CM
y
x
NJ
i
v
X
x
i
\J
o
m
X
1
1
00
ro
X
X
CTi
CO
X
CO
*r
X
X
X
X
X
m
^-
X
x
x.
\£>
*d-
V
A
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.2-9.0 (27)
optimum 6.8 (45),
01 i oosaprobi c
Indi f ferent
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic and
Tychoplanktonic
Spring maximum
Eurythermal and
Oliqothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); calcium indifferent (36).
135
-------
Taxonfragilaria construens (Ehr.) Grun. var. construens
References
Concensus S Notes
Q,
c
•H
Ji
4
c
•H
o
«
0)
A
W
V
C
0)
i<
M
rH
4J
(d
.p
•H
XI
10
a
H
10
H
(D
O
•u
3
•H
,Q
S
O
*M
O
s,
f n
O U
fiu
oj
0)
14
4->
U
ft
EH
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
AlkaliBhilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophio
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
«a-
X
i^*
X
V
CO
X
X
X
X
CT1
x
X
o
X
X
x
X
y
CM
X
ro
y
:vj
X
X
X
X
a
M
X
X
X
1^
CM
X
X
Y
X
X
01
CM
X
X
CO
Y
— f
•&•
ro
X
X
X
U1
CO
X
00
CO
X
X
y
X
CTl
CO
X
CO
^t-
X
X
Y
v
Y
Y
in
«*
Y
y
10
et-
Y
y
A1 kali phi lous ;
range 6 0-9 0 (8 27)-
optimum 7 7-7 8 (4)
6.7 (45)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic to
Alpha-Mesosaprobic
Indifferent
Lakes, Ponds,
Springs and Streams
Periphytic and
Tychoplanktonic
Fall maximum
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); an indicator of oxygenated waters (4), calcium
indifferent (36).
136
-------
Taxon Fragilaria construens var. subsalina Must.
References
Concensus & Notes
£
ft
p" —
c
GJ
•H
i-J
-P
3
c
o
•H
.Q
O
1— j
ta
X
o
rQ
a
fd
c
n
3
.p
4J
.3
K
H
H
C
O
r?
-H
ri
•H
•H
«,
CO
rt
o w
2 °
CO
M
4->
^
c1
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dvstroohic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
J> C\J
y
*SS
X X
i
x
.n LD
1
1
Al kal iphilous
Halophilous
Periphytic or
Tychoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
137
-------
Taxon Fragilaria construens var. venter (Ehr.) Grun.
References
Concensus & Notes
E
c
•H
4J
§
C
•H
°
rd
(L>
ft
Oj
a
4J
c
ij
n
r3,
J-J
ft)
4->
•H
^
K
rH
a
v<
0)
c
4J
$
A
%
O
m
0
&
P M
O W
ID O
cn
(U
H
•3
+J
n)
VI
-------
Taxon Fragilaria crotonensis Kitton var. crotonensis
References
Concensus S Notes
K
ft
p—
c
G
•H
^
4J
C
0
•H
•H
»-t
n!
ffi
c
a)
-H
.Q
a
«5
c
n
p.
*J
4J
,a
tc
iH
h
C
8
j cxj ro n «3-
X X
X
1
X L _._
Alkal iphilous;
range 6.8-8.3 (8, 27),
optimum around 8 (4).
Eutrophic to
Mesotrophic
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Euplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Europe, Asia, Africa and America (24).
139
-------
Taxon Fragilaria intermedia Grun. var. intermedia
References
Concensus s Notes
K
c
•H
4J
c
-H
0
itJ
K
0)
.Q
s
fa
c
a)
M
M
fl
•4J
*
4J
-H
ja
JO
a
f-t
«)
u
?
r"!
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta ranqe
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake -
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
^ Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
«*
X
en
X
X
CO
X
CD
CM
X
C\J
y
UD
C\j
X
X
CD
OJ
X
ID
CO
V
CO
«a-
Y
Y
V
Y
to
•a-
X
1 —
|
1
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.9-8.2 (43),
optimum probably over
8 (4).
Indifferent
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); characteristic of oxygen rich water (4).
140
-------
Taxon Fragilaria leptostauron var. dubia (Grun.) Must.
References
Concensus S Notes
ft
— IT—
- c:
•S
H
3
C
.a
*
M
(0
w
A
a
rt
£
V4
3
£
4J
•9
03
iH
3
C
o
fl
•H
•9
•H
•H
0
ft
W
•3 •
O w
« 0
f?!
£
4->
H
&
§
<*
Aciclobiontio I
Acidophilous
Indifferent ,
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saproahilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
eplpelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Indifferent
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
141
-------
Taxon . Fragilaria leptostauron (Ehr.) Must, var. leptostauron
References
Concensus s Notes
X
c.
•H
4J
§
O
•H
O
(3
C
0>
£
S1
•P
C
0)
n
^
tf
-P
iti
-p
-H
^
K
H
«
l-l
tu
C
V
O
4J
5
XI
ffi
0
*w
CJ
&
§•
4J
O CO
ti Q
W
0)
^
-p
rtl
V4
QJ
ft
4
Aoidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indiffarent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophi lous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendrio
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^j-
X
01
X
X
-
X
X
UD
CSJ
X
x
X
CO
X
X
01
m
X
to
•*
X
Alkali phi lous to
Indifferent;
optimum probably
around 8 (4).
Halophobous
01 i gosaprobi c
Limnophilous
Epipelic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Lives in oxygen rich water (4).
142
-------
Taxon Fragilaria pinnata Ehr. var. pinnata
References
Concensus & Notes
*f
%
— J,
c
01
-H
U
4J
1
C
o
'H
*
M
S
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dvstrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobcus
Polysaprobic
Hesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
r-. co
_£
J£
X
O i —
ti_x_
X
n
X
^
—
X
:\J
Y
X
X X
l£>
C\J
x
X
X
r-*
CM
X
X
X
>
!
,
^~
cr>
X
X
X
LD
ro
CO
ro
X
Ol
ro
X
10
sj-
X
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 5.7-9.0 (8, 21),
optimum 7.6-7.8 (4).
Beta-Mesosaprobic
to Oliqosaprobic
Indifferent to
Limnobiontic
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); thrives optimally only in oxygen rich water (4).
143
-------
Taxon Fragllaria vaucheriae (KCJtz.) Peters, var. vaucheriae
References
Concensus s Notes
S
«
•H
a
i
c
.y
•s
•?
0>
J3
rt
.p
C
d>
h
H
*J
•H
A
10
a
H
13
M
O
C
O
O
4J
n
A
>d
s
0
«M
o
n,
f3 ,;
o w
-------
Taxon Fraqilaria virescens Ralfs var. virescens
References
Concensus & Notes
K
ft
4J
C
a
•H
ti
g
c
o
•H
ja
o
i-i
cd
K
0)
.q
ii
a
c
£
g
U
4-1
4J
•s
K
rH
2
c
U
fi
•H
A
£
•H
•H
O
0)
£L
uT
S.
O w
3 °
Ul
a
5
te
c1
r^
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophcbous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Oi— CO O|«D
, — i — i — CVJ C\J
t
X
%_
TI LT> CO LT) t^>
xi ro ro «=t- •=!-
X
X
X
— t-
__
Indifferent;
optimum 6.4-6.8 (4) .
Indifferent to
Halophobous
01 igosaprobic
Indifferent
Streams and Ditches
Spring and Fall for
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
From oxygen rich water (4); alpine form (20).
145
-------
Taxon Frustulia rhomboides var. amphipleuroides (Grun.) Cl.
References
Concensus S Notes
S
c
•H
4-1
S
C
•H
•g
«
0)
f>
n
rd
•P
C
QJ
U
M
rH
4J
(B
4->
-H
XI
ID
X
r-l
«
n
M
o
&
? M
O in
n a
w
VJ
3
4J
(15
14
0)
ft
EH
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
C\J
OsJ
X
^D
C\
X
X
X
X
CO
en
X
1
Acidophilous to
Indifferent
Halophobous
Saproxenous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Frequent in northern Europe (20); from water of low mineral content (38).
146
-------
Taxon
Frustulia rhomboides (Ehr.) Del. var. rhomboides
References
Concensus s Notes
X
o,
U"
c .
01
^H
u
4J
S
c
o
•H
*
fH
a
X
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
•u
3
•H
a
&
U
•H
»w
•H
I
Sf
Seasona]
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dvstrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Euryjthermal
Undesignated
en ro o i — yD
y
i
V
\
jj.
^
X.
r^ in co
L
x.
Acidophilous;
range 4.5-8.2 (21 , 27,
38),
optimum around 6 (4).
Oligotrophic to
Dystrophic
Indifferent to
Halophobous
Saproxenous
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24).
147
-------
Taxon Trustulia vulgaris (Thwaites) DeT. var. vulgaris
References
Concensus & Notes
5
c
-H
-p
*
c
•rH
0
a
K
-------
Taxon Gomphonema abbreviatum (Ag.) Katz. var. abbreviatum
References
Concensus s Notes
B,
Nurrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
| Specific Habitat
Iseasona
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Aoidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrqnhic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
«a
x
o
00
X
Alkaliphilous;
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
149
-------
Taxon Gomphonema acuminatum Ehr. var. acuminatum
References
Concensus & Notes
s
c
•H
•P
^
c
•H
o
i3
HI
XI
ffl
4->
C
0)
M
rt
4J
•H
a
a
K
H
a
H
01
c
a>
CS
4J
5
.Q
£
o
•H
IH
O
s,
Is ,;
K 1
S!u
CO
^
3
4J
(0
n
P
r^
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
C>0
X
X
X
<=t
X
cc
X
X
X
01
X
X
o
X
X
X
^
X
X
CVJ
X
CO
X
«3-
X
X
X
Nl
X
X
Y
to
C\J
X
X
X
r~
C\]
X
01
C\J
X
o
CO
y
CO
Y
Lf)
CO
X
01
CO
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 5.4-9.0 (2, 8, 27),
optimum around 8 (4).
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Limnophilous
Mesothermal and
Metathermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); more abundant in temperate than tropical regions (24).
150
-------
Taxon Gomphonema acuminatum var. coronata (Ehr.) W. Sm.
References
Concensus S Notes
E
a
c
o
-rt
il
2
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
x
X
X
01
x
X
O
X
^
X
X
X
00
X
<£>
Cd
X
X
X
\J
Y
A
a>
C\J
X
en
ro
X
L£>
=a-
X
1
Indifferent;
range 5.7-9.0 (8, 27)
Indifferent
01 igosaprobic
Limnophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Calcium indifferent (36).
151
-------
Taxon Gomphonema acuminatmn var. brebissonil (Ktrtz.) Cl,
References
Concensus S Notes
8,
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halopjiilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
00
X
X
cn
X
o
X
X
X
t\J
«3-
X
U3
Cvj
X
X
1 —
C\J
en
"NJ
3>
"O
;
A
Alkaliphilgus;
range 6.4-8.5 (8, 27)
Indifferent
01 igosaprobic
Limnophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
152
-------
Taxon Gomphonema anqustatum (Kutz.) Rabh. var. angustatum
References
Concensus & Notes
5
c
•H
iJ
§
c
•rl
•a
CO
III
A
3
81
C
S
fl
4-1
nj
4J
•H
41
ffl
iH
-------
Taxon Gomphonema angustatum var. sarcophagus (Greg.) Grun.
References
Concensus & Notes
rc
c
•H
JJ
K
C
•H
•s
5
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
I Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
X
o
..
CSJ
X
10
CSJ
Indifferent to
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.4-8.2 (8).
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
154
-------
Taxon Gomphonema constrictum Ehr. var. constrictum
References
Concensus s Notes
as
o.
c
S
a
rf
B
X
3
.9
X
X
o
X
X
-
f
X
X
CSJ
y
CO
X
•a-
X
X
\J
X
x
*•
X
LO
X
o>
X
ID
X
Al kal ipm lous,
range 6.2-9 (8, 27),
optimum around 8 (4)
.
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Ponds
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); calciphilous (36).
155
-------
Taxon Gomphonema aracile Ehr. var. gracile
References
Concensus S Notes
1
0,
S
0)
•H
iJ
J3
c
3
*
H
•s
K
0)
J3
B
a
e
S
tj
d
«
*i
1-1
2
c
0
JJ
fl
•H
ft
5
-H
•H
o
R
of
S u
§ »
S °
(0
a
1
u
o.
§
CM ^ 0 ,- tSJ CO 0 r-
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent XXX
Alkaliphilous XX X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous X
halophilous
indifferent X (
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic X X
Limnophilous X
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic X_
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
-^ eS- LO O> kD
\j m m m ^~
X X
X.
Indifferent to
Alkaliphilous;
range 5.5-9.0 (21, 27}
optimum 7.2-7.4 (4).
Indifferent
.
Limnophilous
Peri phyti c
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); calcium indifferent (36).
156
-------
Taxon Gomphonema intricatum Kutz. var. intricatum
References
Concensus £ Notes
B
•-JJ
e
ro
X
1
Alkaliphilous;
range b.b-y.u (a, i\ , c.i )
optimum 7.2-7.3 (4).
Eutrophic
Saproxenous
Limnobiontic
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21 , 24).
157
-------
Taxon Gomphonema olivaceum (Lyng.) Kutz. var. olivaceum
References
Concensus & Notes
£G
C
-H
•P
i
c
•r-l
•a
cd
Y
x
1=
Y
x
X
•\J
x
ro
x
*f
x
x
CT>
x
X
X
o
^1
x
>£>
%J
Y
Y
X
XJ
Y
x
X
X
X
01
CO
X
«3-
X
CO
•a-
X
X
X
X
Y
X
X
10
^~
X
Alkal ibiontic;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27, 43)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
01 igosaprobic to
Mesosaprobic
Winter or Spring
form
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan, but not abundant in the tropics (24).
158
-------
Taxon
Gomphonema parvulum var. subelliptica Cl.
References
Concensus S Notes
Oi
— D —
Q)
H
S
fl
%
X
c
0)
•H
ft
V,
ft
ra
$
n
8
ti
+J
•3
&
r-i
C
S
5
-H
•§
>r4
•H
S.
U)
-7=1
2
o
a
CA
VI
^
S
Ot
8
Acidobiontic
Ac idophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous X
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiont ic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Oligohalobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
159
-------
Taxon Gomptionema parvulum var. micropus (Kutz.) Cl.
References
Concensus & Notes
s
Nutrient
c
o
•H
•a
H
HI
X
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Me sohal obous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
oc
X
X
X
o
X
x
-
X
X
X
C\J
X
n
X
*3-
X
X
01
CM
X
s
X
X
Y
1
Indifferent;
range 6.6-8.0 (8).
Indifferent
Rheophilous to
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
160
-------
Taxon Gomphonema parvulum Kiitz. var. parvuluiti
References
Concensus S Notes
33
a,
•~V
C
o
•rt
U
4J
§
C
•H
#
0)
A
a
m
£
1^
3
4-1
5
A
S
>H
V4
C
S
| >
(d
4J
•rH
J5
nj
IT!
Q
•H
•M
•H
u
&
W
S OJ
O W
S n
w
o
M
3
5
u
(U
a
£•'
co ^i-
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous x
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
01 igotroDhic
Dvstrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous X
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
,-coo,
V V
x
y
X
o
X
"NJ
-\
\
d-
3
1
1
\
C\l
x
X
1
x
x
VO
CM
'
r
f\
O\
CM
X
•o
<
S
X
(
X
x
LO
CO
'
CT»
CO
(
ro
•a-
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
IO
*±
X
X
range 4.2-9.0 (8, 21
Rheophilous
Periphytic
Mesothermal and
Stenothermal
43);
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); a facultative nitrogen heterotroph and may be a pollution
indicator (4); the great adaptability of this species accounts for its
variability (21); calcium and iron indifferent (36).
161
-------
Taxon Gomphonema subtile Ehr. var. subt11e
References
Concensus s Notes
5
c
•H
3
^
e
•H
•8
id
4J
•H
•S
X
H
-------
Taxon Gyrosigma acuimnatum (Katz.) Rabh. var. acuminatum
References
Concensus S Notes
Alkalibiontic;
range 6.4-8.3 (8, 27, 36),
optimum over 8 (4).
Oligosaprobic to
Beta-^Mesosaprobic
Rheophilous to
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional connwnt*:
Cosmopolitan (23); calciphilous (36).
163
-------
Taxon Gyrosigma macrum (W. Sm.) Griff. & Henfr. var. tnacrum
References
Concensus S Notes
5.
c
•H
JJ
i
c
•H
•§
tf
-------
Gyrosigma obtusatum (Sulliv. and Wormley) Boyer var. obtusatum
References Concensus s Notes
a
JJ—
to
H
•3
c
s
•H
rH
K
C
0)
•H
A
a
&
id
C
S!
J3
4->
•P
f!
K
H
hi
C
s
5
•H
•§
•H
•H
8.
w
iS
0 K
Sn
en
t^
^
'&
&
L^
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous , _,
Indifferent ,
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic 1
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
1 i
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
New England States, Middle Atlantic States, East Central States;
South Carolina, Kentucky (38).
165
-------
Taxon Gyrosigma scalproides (Rabh.) Cl. var. scalproides
References
Concensus S Notes
8
C
-H
3
i
c
5
•§
«
4J
*
4J
A
S
o
00
>
>
X
X
PO
)
CD
CM
X
X
X
CO
)
>
X
X
to
CM
)
>
>
CO
CO
)
)
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.7-8.6 (4, 8),
optimum 8.3-8.6 (4),
7.7 (21).
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopol itan (21).
166
-------
Taxon Gyrosigma spencerii (Quek.) Griff. & Henfr. var. spencerii
References
Concensus s Notes
X
c
1-1
•M
i
c
•H
3
10
at
ft
&
nJ
G
H
3
4-1
ft
4J
•H
•s
X
t-i
n)
M
a
u
to
Q,
H
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Eulialobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
ro
X
**•
X
X
X
CO
X
X
X
o>
X
n
X
X
•*
X
X
\-
0
exj
X
10
C\J
X
X
X
X
s
X
X
X
10
cr>
X
OD
n
x
X
X
X
.0
*
X
Alkaliphilous to
Alkalibiontic; range
6.6-8.5 (4, 8), optimum
no less than 8.5 (4).
Mesohalobous to
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Indifferent
Streams, Rivers
and Lakes
• u •
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
167
-------
Taxon Hannaea arcus (Ehr.) Patr. var. arcus
References
Concensus s Notes
** ° , c\j c\i ^i c\j ro ro
X
ft
V
C
11
•rl
14
4J
3
C
X
*
r4
a
£C
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent X X
Alkaliphilous X X
Alkalibiontic X
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous X X
halophilous
indifferent X
halophobous
Euryha lobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobio
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous X
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous X XXX X
Rheobiontic X
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream X X
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal X XX
Stenothermal X
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
i
Alkaliphilous to
Indifferent
range 7.2-8 (43),
optimum 7.3-7 A (4).
Indifferent to
Halophobous
Saproxenous
Rheophilous
Springs and Streams
Stenothermal and
Oliqothermal
—
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably Cosmopolitan but not frequent in the tropics (24); from temperate
tcTarctic regions (21); prefers mountainous regions (38).
168
-------
Taxon Hantzschia amphioxys (Ehr.) Grun. var. amphioxys
References
Concensus s Notes
S
Nutrient
Halobion
c
-------
Taxon HantzscMa virgata (Roper) Grun. var. virgata
References
Concensus s Notes
s
C.
1 v •
c
.s
H
c
.y
*
i-H
10
s
d>
£
a
rt
£
14
a
"
ti
4J
.Q
£
H
2
c
3
3
•H
•a
•H
•H
8,
M
-7^
S +1
0 ^
S °
(0
^
S
S
ft
3
cS ^
Acidobiontic
Ac idophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous ^ j^
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous X
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine X
Estxiary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
Euhalobous to
Mesohalobous and
Euryhalobous
1 Marine
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
170
-------
Taxon Mastogloia braunii Grun. var. braunii
References
Concensus S Notes
9
Ot
%
3
ii
^
c
••J
«
i
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
i*
1°
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
AlXaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalpbous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Hesoaaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
take
Pond
River
{feeing and stream
A«rop
Other
liloua
Euplank tonic
Tyehoplanktonic
P«rij
•p:
_ «pi
epJ
k»»l<.
pelic
iithic
( endric
epiaooic
epi
phytic
attach^
unattached
Winter
Sprincr
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
«••« thermal
Oligotherwal
Stenotheraal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
»)•
i
Ol
r
o
X
CVJ
'
0
CM
CO
ro
'
)(
(Tl
U3
r
Alkali phi lous
Mesohal obous
Estuaries
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
171
-------
Taxon Mastogloia grevillei W.Sm. var. grevillei
References
Concensus S Notes
SO
ft
JJ—
B
1>
•H
H
3
C
O
•H
*
H
id
re
91
XI
iJ
id
B
14
3
°
JJ
4J
ffl
tn
H
2
8
O
3
•H
£
•H
-r4
a
D.
W
~rH
IS ,
0
s °
0)
M
S
tJ
§•
i
Acidobiontic
Ac idophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake X X
Pond )(
River X
Spring and Stream x
Aerophilous
Other X
Euplank tonic
Tychopl anktonic
Periphytic X X
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligo thermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Lakes, Ponds, Rivers,
Streams and Ditches
Periphytic
i
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
112
-------
Taxon Mastogloia smithii Thwaites Ex. W. Sm. var. smithii
References
Concensus S Notes
X
Q.
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasona!
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^i-
X
X
X
CO
X
X
X
X
01
X
o
CM
X
VD
n
X
CO
ro
X
X
10
•d-
X
X
X
—
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.4-8.5 (8, 36)
Indifferent to
Mesohalobous
Indifferent
Lakes
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Calciphilous (36).
173
-------
Taxon Melosira ambigua (Grun.) 0. Mull, var. ambigua
References
Concensus S Notes
X
Q.
C
01
•H
n
•p
$
G
•H
XI
O
«J
0)
£t
H
n)
C
P
g
4J
4J
XI
S
i-l
H
C
n
•H
a
•H
4-t
-H
o
S,
CO
S *j
O 10
S Q
CO
H
JJ
H
a
Acidobiontic
Ac idophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligotherraal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
* CO ' — CVJ ^3- O
,— r- i— C\J
1 V V
k A A
, X X X
X
— ^- 10 — LO ID
M CM CM »> f) «-
1 X_
V £
X X
Indifferent to
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.4-8.0 (8).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Indi f ferent
Euplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); mesooxybiontic (26).
174
-------
Taxon Melosira distans var. africana Grun.
References
Concensus S Notes
X
a
jj
e
01
•H
fl
S
c
o
••H
*
fH
Iti
ffi
0)
J3
a
id-
c
l<
g
+J
+1
•3
X
tH
§
c
o
fl
•H
0
•H
-H
O
0>
Q4
CO
C 4J
o o>
3 °
tn
i)
5
^4
P-
$
j:
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous X
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Me sohal obous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous %
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Ol igosapr obic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Acidophilous
Halophobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
175
-------
Taxon Melosira distans var. alpigena Grun.
References
Concensus & Notes
X
ft
4-1
C
•H
H
+J
3
C
O
•H
.Q
o
10
s
a)
.Q
S,
»
C
ft
p
4J
-P
,Q
K
rH
H
C
o
n
•H
«
-r4
-H
s,
CO
S ^
O 10
id Q
w
M
4-1
u
Qj
<\J CO
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous jj_
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophio
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
i
Indifferent?
.
-
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
176
-------
Taxon
Melosira distans (Ehr.) KUtz. var. distans
References
Concensus s Notes
1
ft
""4J
C
0)
•H
a
s
c
X
*
iH
ta
s
4)
U3
a
£
c
n
a
",
4J
A
H
§
C
o
cd
•H
3
•H
*M
•H
U
S,
w
s „
O 10
s °
CO
u
t>
H
R*
S
Acidobiontic
flcidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Me sohal obous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
*±
31
r
— OJ
Y
•>o o ^o
— OJ C\J
x
'
X
X X
V
-^- ID
NJ 00
-
vannp d ?-fi fi (r?~l\
Saproxenous
Indifferent
Pools and Ditches
Periphytic
Stenothermal and
Oligothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Found in boarder areas between temperate and arctic climates (13).
177
-------
Taxon MeJosi'ra distans var. lirata (Ehr.) Bethge
References
Concensus s Notes
s
3,
— jj—
a
0>
•H
fl
V
c
ii
ti
H
-------
Taxon
Melosira distans var. lirata f. lacustris (Grim.) Bethge
References
Concensus & Notes
a
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
8m
-rt
r
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
eplpelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
3
X
X
X
01 igohal obous
Periphytic or
Tychoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
179
-------
Taxon Melosira granulata var. angustissima Mull.
References
Concensus & Notes
X
a
jj
c
-------
Taxon Melosira granulata (Ehr.) Ralfs var. granulata
References
Concensus & Notes
a
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilio
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
*3-
X
i"*-
X
X
00
X
X
X
o~»
X
X
1—
X
X
X
CSJ
X
CO
X
X
X
X
X
X
^J-
X
X
o
X
Y
X
X
•=f
X
UD
x
X
Y,
X
X
--
x
X
X
X
en
x
o
X
•—
X
t
X
X
I—
X
UD
X
X
Al kal iphilous;
range 6.3-9.0 (7, 27)
optimum 7.9-8.2 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic to
Mesosaprobic
Limnophilous
Lakes, Ponds and
Rivers
Euplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24).
181
-------
Taxon Melosira granulata f. curvata Grun.
References
Concensus S Notes
03
0,
il
e
Cl
•H
H
g
c
o
•H
*
rH
(0
K
0)
.0
H
to
£
n
3
*J
4J
A
S
rH
£
c
S
rtj
-H
m
•H
•H
S
Ul
s^
o
m a
en
H
4J
u
OTi—
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Me sohal obous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X X
halophobous .
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophil ic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic X
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
AT kal iphilous
— Indifferent
Limnobiontic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
182
-------
TaxonMelosira islandica 0. Mull. var. islandica
References
Concensus S Notes
a
B
£
i)
i
c
•H
3
*
0)
A
8
ft
4J
C
4)
S
14
fl
jj
-------
Taxon Melosira italica (Ehr.) Kutz. var. italica
References
Concensus S Notes
X
a
c
o
•H
VI
4-1
3
J3
C
0
•H
fl
a*
0)
XI
a
i
c
^
fl
«
4->
XI
H
H
C
o
fl
•H
.0
5
•H
•H
O
8,
w
g ^
O »
2 °
£
%
S
H
8,
S
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent XXX
Alkaliphilous X X XX
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
01 igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Me sohal obous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent XX X
halophobous x
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent X X
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake x_
Pond X
River X
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other X
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic X
Periphytic X X
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligo thermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
SS^S
x_
X
X
Alkaliphilous to
Indifferent; range
6.7-8 (4.8) , optimum
not less than 8 (4).
Indifferent to
Halophobous
Indi f ferent
Lakes, Ponds, Rivers
and Ditches
Periphytic to
Tychoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24); indifferent to iron concentration (36); from fairly
cold, temperate climates (13).
184
-------
Taxon Melosira italica var. vain da Grun.
References
Concensus s Notes
a
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligo thermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CD
CM
X
IT)
ro
X
Al kal i phi 1 ous
Euplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
185
-------
Taxon Melosira varians Ag. var. varians
References
Concensus & Notes
X
D,
ti
01
•H
ii
£
c
•H
*
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplank tonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Hesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
— OJ
X
oo en ^- *± w o
X
x
y
X
SSKSS
r r
t l
X
X I
x_x_
X
«t
ro
X
X
X
Ol
m
?
X
>
ro
«*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
in
t
'
X
X
X
X
X
10
*
,
X
X
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27, 43),
optimum about 8.5 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Beta-Mesosaprobic,
but showing a
great range.
Indifferent
•' Peri phytic
Summer form
Eurythermal and
01i go thermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); euryoxybiontic (26); indifferent to iron concentration (36);
probably an obligate nitrogen hetertroph (4); has an extraordinary large ecological
span which on one hand has massive growths in eutrophic waters in the summer and on
the other hand large growths in katharobic water in January and February (19).
186
-------
Taxon Meridion circulare (Grev.) Ag. var. c i re u 1 a re
References
Concensus S Notes
33
c
•H
i)
3
C
.y
s
«
0)
.Q
S,
rti
c
M
fi
4->
•P
•H
J3
m
K
H
&
c
4J
i!
J3
S
U
«w
O
S,
1s ,;
8 1
flD
(/)
*
jj
X
X
X
C\J
X
10
C\J
X
X
X
X
1^
OJ
X
X
>!
f,
Ol
CO
X
m
X
S
X
cc
X
X
CT>
CO
X
•a-
X
X
X
X
X
Y
un
*
X
X
X
X
LO
*
X
X
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27, 43);
optimum around 8 (4) .
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
. , n J n-
Periphytic or
Tychopl anktonic
Spri ng form
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); seldom in the tropics (24); calciphilous (36); an
indicator of high oxygen concentration (4).
187
-------
Taxon Microsiphona potamus Weber var. potamus
References
Concensus S Notes
X
0.
V
B
111
•H
U
9
c
o
•H
*
M
0)
.n
ti
L?
C
tj
f\
V
s
A
&
H
rt
71
3
•H
•H
o
S,
w
24,
fe »
s°
CO
b
5
M
§
Acidobiontic
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Me sohal obous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tyohoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
1
X
X
5T
5
A
w
A
x
van no 7 0 ft R f Aftl
Streams
Euplanktonic
Summer and Fall form
Metathermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Widespread in United States, ranks near Cyclotella meneghiniana in pollution
tolerance (48).
188
-------
Taxon
Navicula accomoda Hust. var. accomoda
References
Concensus s Notes
8
ft
c
•H
3
4
C
-H
3
ttl
0)
JQ
I,
&
C
^
g
4-"
4J
A
S
rH
S
c
•4J
n)
4J
•H
XI
IS
a
0
•rt
4-1
O
&
r M
O (fl
s?°
ra
t)
JJ
M
P
r5)
Aoidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
*
x
L£>
M
X
X
X
00
C\J
X
X
X
CO
CO
Alkaliphilous
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Polysaprobic^ to
Mespsiprobic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Euryoxybiontic (26); probably an obligate nitrogen heterotroph (4).
189
-------
Taxon Navicula americana Ehr. var. americana
References
Concensus s Notes
X
o.
V
c
HI
•H
i)
3
c
a
fl
a
i
2
A
li
&
c
8
3
4J
«
X
i-l
H
C
o
.p
-------
Taxon Navicula amphibola Cl.var. amphibola
References
Concensus S Notes
a
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
1 Specific Habitat
ISeasona
1 Dist.
01
*
4J
-------
Taxon Navicula bacillum Ehr. bacillum
References
Concensus S Notes
a
a,
jj
c
o>
•H
H
JJ
|
C
o
•H
*
Itf
EC
LO CO
CM CM OJ OJ CO CO
JLX.X. JL
X X
X
x_
XX X
X X
X 1 ,
L
x
y
i
Alkali phi lous to
Indifferent:
F range 6.4-9.0 (8, 21
optimum 7.8-8 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Saproxenous
— Periphytic
—
27).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24).
192
-------
Taxon Navicula biconica Patr. var. biconica
References
Concensus & Notes
s
c
•H
•M
^
C
•H
O
IB
EC
01
A
n
C8
4->
C
0)
lH
^
?,
4->
(8
4J
•H
3
ai
H
H1
^l
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilio
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
»
X
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Soft water form (38).
193
-------
Taxon
Navicula canal is Patr. var. canal is
References
Concensus & Notes
S,
c
0)
-H
iJ
z
c
•H
A
O
.8
X
Saprobier
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
1 Temperature
Aciciobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobcus
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurvthermal
Undesignated
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Seems to prefer water of low mineral content (38).
194
-------
Taxon Navicula capitata var. hungarica (Grim.) Ross
References
Concensus S Notes
s
c
•H
•P
2
c
•H
•3
a
-1)
XI
S
ra
C
0)
n
fl
ti
4-1
•H
fl
X
H
10
ll
4J
4J
A
18
X
0
»M
0
a
? .;
O M
S"
w
0)
tl
-p
id
u
0)
ft
EH
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
- Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplank tonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Eu thermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
X
X
<-
X
X
X
CM
X
—
X
X
X
kQ
X
X
X
-
X
^~
X
CT1
X
m o
<& *t
X
X X
X
x
x
x
j
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 43),
optimum about 8 (4) .
Indifferent
01 igosaprobic
Peri phyti c
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); mesooxybiontic (26); seems to tolerate a great
variety of water conditions (38).
195
-------
Taxon Navicula confervacea (Kutz.) Grun. var. confervacea
References
Concensus s Notes
X
a
c
*H
rf
c
.y
•§
c
ill
Saprob:
Current
General Habitat
m
-H
1
o
•rl
*M
•H
O
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Ac idophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
a-
x
™
X
X
r
i.
CO
CO
X
X
X.
1
Alkaliphilous to
Indifferent;
range 5-8.4 (21).
optimum about 8.4 (4)
Indifferent
Beta-Mesosaprobi c
Aerophilous in
shal low water
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
196
-------
Taxon Navicula contenta Grun. var. contenta
References
Concensus s Notes
ffi
Q*
c
•rH
JJ
£
C
•H
3
id
4)
.Q
2
td
c
^
fl
4-)
fti
+J
-H
^
X
rH
(Q
H
-------
Taxon Navicilia contenta f. biceps Arn.
References
Concensus s Notes
ffi
&
c
•H
-p
2
c
•H
•01
id
1)
a
ti
a
ti
u
g
4-J
4-1
A
W
,-1
2
C
o
4->
rd
•H
-Q
nj
£
•H
1-1
•H
O
S,
C/l
C 4J
O W
nJ O
W
in
4J
U
a
r^
Acidobiontic
ftcidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dvstroohic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
tlesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilcus
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
O CM
.1.
i — VO
C\J CM
JL
i
{_
{_
Alkal iphilous
Indifferent
Aerophi lous ;
often associated with
moss (oo).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); polyoxybiontic (26).
198
-------
Taxon Navicula contenta f. parallela Peterson
References
Concensus S Notes
s
Oi
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
| Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychopla nkto nic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
c\
X
O"
X
£
X
X
<£
c^
X
X
X
|
—
Alkali phi lous
Indifferent
Aerophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); polyoxybiontic (26).
199
-------
Taxon Nayicula cryptocephala Kutz. var. cryptocephala
References
Concensus £ Notes
a
a,
c
0 r-*f 01
X X X X
JL
X X X X
X i
X)
NJ
"V.
•\J
X
r
n
•n
X
°o
X
«d-
co
X
Lf)
ro
X
CO
n
r
A
X
X
X
ro
t
i
X
X
y
X
in
*3-
—
X
X
X
X
Y
10
«•
X
X
-
Al kal iphi 1 ous *
range 5.4-9.0 (8, 27, 43),
optimum around 8 (4).
Eutrophi c
Indifferent
Beta-Mesosaprobi c ,
but tolerant of a
broad saprobien
spectrum.
Indifferent
Lakes, Rivers
and Bogs
Spring, Summer and
Fall
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
,
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); euryoxybiontic (26); calcium indifferent (36).
200
-------
Taxon Navicula cryptocephala var. intermedia Grun.
References
Concensus S Notes
8.
c
•r\
•P
z
g
•H
•o1
£
HI
la
S
*
£
S
?,
^
10
JJ
•H
ft
X
H
i-l
c
o
V
$
•H
.h
3
u
•H
»W
0
Qt
S.
80)
•H
2Q
W
t)
*!
S
n1
S
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
fleso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobou s
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
-
X
X
n
X
^j-
X
00
X
X
X
01
X
X
0
X
X
X
X
X
CM
X
rr>
x
*3-
x
X
(a
CJ
y
X
1^
C\J
X
X
X
X
x
s
X
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.2-9.0 (8, 27)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic
Summer form
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Euryoxybiontic (26).
201
-------
TaxonNavicula cryptocephala var. veneta (Kutz.) Rabh.
References
Concensus s Notes
5
c
•H
JJ
i
C!
-H
S
tO
!B
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
m
X
CO
X
X
X
X
01
X
-
x
X
X
•\J
•o
cf
X
o
-\J
y
A
NJ
X
X
£>
\
\
M
X
X
&\
"M
X
*
•*-»
X
X
X
CO
m
X
—
Alkal iphilous;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27)
Eutrophic
Indifferent to
Mesohalobous;
apparently
Euryhalobous
Rheobiontic
Spri njjs , Streams ,
Aerophilous, Lakes
and Ponds
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Euryoxybiontic (26).
202
-------
Taxon Navicula cuspidata var. ambigua (Ehr.) Cl.
References
Concensus s Notes
E
a
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Currer.*;
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
AlValiphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dvstrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
I.imnobiontic
Limnophilous
Inaifferent
Rh?ophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
00
X
X
X
,_
X
X
c^
X
Jj
X
^t
X
X
c^
X
X
X
tO
c^
X
X
01
cv
X
«*
on
X
X
X
IT)
*3-
X
X
X
Y
to
sj-
x
I
-
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.5-8.2 (8),
optimum 7.4 (45).
Indifferent
Beta-Mesosaprobi c
Rheophilous
Peri phyti c
Fal 1 maximum
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); calcium indifferent (36); euryoxybiontic (26).
203
-------
Taxon Navicula cuspidata (Kcitz.) KCftz. var. cuspidata
References
Concensus S Notes
as
c
•r-\
-M
c
•iH
•s
•a
c
0)
,Q
^
(0
£
V-4
,d,
•P
(TJ
4->
+1
tc
I-*
S
c
0
4->
rd
4J
•H
J3
x
_
00
X
_
10
X
Alkal iphilous;
range 6.3-9.0 (2, 8, 27) ,
optimum 8.3-8.6 (4) .
Eutrophic
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Indi fferent
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); euryoxybiontic (26).
204
-------
Taxon Navicula cuspidata var. heribaudii Per.
References
Concensus & Notes
s
Q,
JJ
c
0)
•H
i-l
.p
^
C
o
•H
A
O
iH
iD
X
.]>
.a
ii
ft
Id
C
^
3
4->
4-1
XJ
X
,-s
^
c
u
rt
•iH
nJ
-rl
•H
f!,
to
S.
o w
s °
CO
%
3
n
p
§
Aciclobiontic
Aoidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Eur yha lobou s
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplank tonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
C\J i—
i — C\J
JLJL
( X
t
Al kal iphilous
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21).
205
-------
Taxon Navicula decussis 0str. var. decussis
References
Concensus S Notes
%
c
•H
JJ
C
•H
O
itf
0)
ja
2
(•3
C
H
fl
4J
3
ffi
•H
A}
O
-p
-------
Taxon Navicula elginensis (Greg.) Ralfs var. elginensis
Beferences
Concensus & Notes
<=f CO
ft
JT—
C
0)
U
3
C
0
fl
r-4
18
X
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
S*
2 2
g°
in
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent _.
Alkaliphilous X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic i
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range X
Oligohalobous X
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
1
i
!
- —
Alkaliphilous;
optimum 7.5-7.8 (4)
Oligohalobous to
Beta-Mesohalobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
207
-------
Taxon Navicula exigua var. capitata Patr.
References
Concensus S Notes
ffl
c
•H
JJ
P
c
°
•8
id
01
XI
rv
"
4J
C
*H
JH
tf
4J
m
+J
•H
it
£
rH
flj
M
Q>
C
OJ
o
4J
fU
4J
XI
EC
U
-H
t|-t
U
O,
-------
Taxon Navicula exigua Greg, ex. Grim, var. exigua
References
Concensus s Notes
ffi
ft
4J
C
0)
•t-i
Vj
4J
£
e
0
'H
*
l-l
-------
Taxon Navicula gastrum (Ehr.) Kutz. var. gastrum
References
Concensus S Notes
ffi
c
*H
i)
g!
e
•H
0
id
OJ
ja
n
(0
4J
C
0)
IM
VH
3
u
4J
ffl
-P
•H
•a
a
rH
(0
fc
C\J
X
X
X
X
:\j
Y
ot
C\J
X
CO
X
S
X
X
r
Y
CO 10
ro ^
Y
Y Y
j
Indifferent;
range 6.4-8.0 (8, 27)
optimum around 8 (4).
Indifferent
Saprophobic, to
Saproxenous
Limnoprnlous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24).
210
-------
Taxon Navicula halophila (Grun.) C1. var. halophila
References
Concensus & Notes
|*± 00 & 0 CM
33
B,
jj
c
-------
Taxon Navicula Integra (W.Sm.) Ralfs var. Integra
References
Concensus s Notes
a
c
•H
4-J
i
c
•H
•61
OS
0)
A
2
rt
-M
C
H
^
rt
•P
«J
-P
•H
^
fO
K
.H
rtJ
H
(U
C
-------
Taxon Navicula jaernefeltii Hust. var. jaernefeltii
References
Concensus S Notes
so
a
•jj
c
-------
Taxon Navicula lanceolata (Ag.) Kutz. var. lanceolata
References
Concensus & Notes
X
ft
Nutrien*
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
I
| Specific Habitat
tiasona
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Ac idophi lo us
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha ranqe
beta ranqe
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobcus
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha ranqe
beta ranqe
Oiigosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
RJieobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Sprinq and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Sprinq
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•a-
CO
>
X
0!
X
-
Y
X
C\J
*
y
Y
o
OJ
Y
y
C\J
Y
Y
l£)
OJ
Y
Y
i^
CM
Y
Y
X
y
CO
CO
Y
Y
j
I
1
,
i
~^
,
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.3-9.0 (8, 27),
optimum about 8 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Limnophilous
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); seems to prefer water of high mineral content (38).
214
-------
Taxon Navicula luzonensis Must. var. luzonensis
References
Concensus £ Notes
%
G
•H
-P
§
c
-H
o
u
0
A
id
C
CD
iH
iH
3
o
-P
nl
•P
•H
XI
rfl
ffi
•H
t«
iil
c
-P
(fl
•P
ja
10
s
o
•n
U
s,
Is ,;
8 CO
rt Q
w
-------
Taxon Navicula minima Grun. var. minima
References
Concensus S Notes
X
ft
•(-"
c
IV
•rt
14
4->
#
C
•H
fl
.0
X
a)
a
a
(C
c
M
g
4J
4J
•3
ffi
H
8
c
0
nj
•H
?
•r-4
•H
(1)
04
w
g o
0 01
s °
w
M
4*
^1
D.
•3- 00 . — CO CO *3- L—
Aciclobior.tic
Acidophilous
Indifferent X
Alkaliphilous XX X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligctrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent XX X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent X X
Rh?ophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Sprinq
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Ondesignated
1*^3 ^ ^ M
CM ^j po ro
rrx
X
X i
X
1
"iX ^
X
X _ i .
"
Al kal ipni lous ;
range 6.2-9.0 (8, 2
optimum 7.5-8 (4) .
Eutrophic
. ££
Indi f ferent
Ponds, Springs
and Streams
Periphytic;
especially among
fallen leaves (27)
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); tolerant of oxygen poor water (4); calcium indifferent (36).
216
-------
Navicula mutica Ktltz. var. mutica
References
Concensus £ Notes
5
— jx—
I — UD ^1- CO LT) V£)
J 00 CVJ CO CO «d- ^J-
E x x t
i 4
- it - 4
4
'T A
.
'xx _p|
1 t
r
IE L —
X LL.
1.JL
_1 u
ith — 4-
.
x -4-
L^:% ..
\
"T" X
jx x ~T~
1
—4—
^JT
X
_j_. ._
1
I X.
i.
~IL • ,
Indifferent to
Al kal iphilous;
range 6.5-8.5 (4, 8) ,
optimum 7.5 (45)i_8.5 (4)
Halophilous to
Indifferent
Indifferent
— Fall maximum
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); mesoxybiontic (26); characteristic of oxygen rich
waters (4).
217
-------
Taxon Navicula mutica var. stigma Patr.
References
Concensus & Notes
z
a
Wutrien
c
o
-H
,Q
0
i3
K
C
•H
a
to
C
-------
Taxon Navicula mutica var. tropica Hust.
References
Concensus S Notes
ffi
ft
— T1 —
C
O
•H
M
4J
C
O
•rH
*
H
id
ffi
a)
A
K
-------
Taxon Navicula notha Wallace var. notha
References
Concensus s Notes
a
c
•H
•M
K
C
-H
•s
a
-------
Taxon Na
vicula oblonga (Kutz.) Kcttz- var. oblonga
References
Concensus s Notes
mutriend pH
c
o
•rH
•8
H
id
X
C
r^ a
^W r-l-lCVJCSJCMCVJCMCN
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous i
Indifferent .
Alkaliphilous X X X X X X.X
Alkalibiontic X
Eutrophic X
Mesotrophic i
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic i
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
alpha range i
beta range X (
Oligohalobous X ( i X _^_
halophilous X_
indifferent X A X JL
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous X
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic |
Limnophilous j
Indifferent XX L
Bheophilous 1
Rheobiontic _!
Marine 1
Estuary I
Lake X
Pond X.
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous i
Other L
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic X_
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
attached
Spring
Summer
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^ IO 00 CTl U3 I
j ro ro ro «d-
Alkaliphilous;
range 5.7-9.0 (8, 27, 36),
__ 1— optimum 8.3-8.7 (4).
1 Eutrophic
Indifferent;
but not frequently (4).
X
~|!LX-
. jj_
1 1 Saproxenous
1 -
Indifferent
Lakes and Ponds
i i
-|
Periphytic
i
i
1
-1 — : [-
-4— -1—1—
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); calcium indifferent (36); seems to prefer water of high
mineral content (38).
221
-------
Taxon Navicula pelliculosa (Bre"b. ex. Ktttz.) Hilse var. pelliculosa
References
Concensus £ Notes
Q,
c
•H
4J
z
c
•H
•s
111
Q)
.O
s
4J
C
M
H
R
+J
(0
+J
•^
•a
re
f-j
rt
^
1
o
u
nj
4J
J3
S
o
•H
"H
0
a
7TT
C jj
o tn
s°
w
V4
4J
M
a,
r1)
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophio
Meso trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Liranophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^i-
X
en
0
X
—
X
X
X
U3
X
X
X
r-<.
X
X
cr>
X
CO
ro
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 5.5-8.0 (4, 27),
optimum around 8 (4).
Indifferent
01 igosaprobic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Seems to prefer water of high mineral content (38).
222
-------
Taxon Navicilia peregrina (Ehr.) Kutz. var. peregrina
References
Concensus £ Notes
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.8-7.9 (8)
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Seems to prefer water of high mineral content (38).
223
-------
Taxon Navicula pseudoscutiformis Must. var. pseudoscutiformis
References
Concensus & Notes
§,
Nutrien*
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
I Specific Habitat
Seasona]
]_ Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrojphic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Kheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^
X
o
X
X
OJ
X
m
x
^o
C\J
X
X
X
r^
CM
X
LO
ro
x
CO
F~>
X
Y
vo
*3-
X
-
-
_
-
Indifferent:
range 5.9-7.5 (27)
Indifferent
Sapj-qxenpus to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
01 igotherinal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Sometimes found in water of high mineral content (38).
224
-------
Taxon Navicula pupula Kutz. var. pupula
References
Concensus S Notes
ffi
a
c
•H
i
§.
e
-H
•s
(0
-------
Taxon Navicula pupula var. capitata Skv. and Meyer
References
concensus & Notes
co cr> o i— CNJ eo *i-
X
c
0)
•H
H
£
c
•H
o
.a
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent X X X X X X
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutroohic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X X X X X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent X X
Bheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^1 CM CM ro
XXX
r
V V
1
1
x
- - i '• •
1
1 "' '
1
1 — 1—
1
._ I _
,,_,. TJL M f f JL W11"L t «
.
• — "~~ T n rl i f f P VP n 1"
Indifferent
Ponds
Geographical distribution ancL^tiona! consents:
(21); mesooxybiontic (26).
226
-------
Taxon Navicula pupula var. rectangularis (Greg.) Grim.
References
Concensus s Notes
%
c
•H
i!
i
c
-H
•8
•3
•1)
jQ
0,
10
a
M
tf
•P
4->
•H
A
m
a:
o
•H
>H
0
#
Is ,;
S °i
IS"
w
0)
s«
JJ
rtj
m
K1
s
H
flcidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibxontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprqghobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhpophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
^pipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Ondesignated
oo
X
X
X
CTI
X
X
o
X
X
-
X
X
X
CM
X
fO
X
«5f
X
x
xi
x
ID
C\J
X
x
NJ
X
X
Y
*
ro
x
X
CO
ro
1
Indifferent;
range 6.2-8.2 (8, 27)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
- £ £
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); seems to prefer water of higher mineral content than the
nominate variety and has been found in salt bogs (38); mesooxybiontic (26).
227
-------
NavicuU pygmaea Kutz. var. pygmaea
References
Concensus & Notes
Alkalibiontic to
AT kaliphilous
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
Oligohalobous
Mesosaprobic?
sometimes in polluted
water (38).
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Elaprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Rerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
ipelic
ilithic
enidendric
izooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolvtan (21); mesooxybiontic (26).
228
-------
Taxon Navicula radiosa Kutz. var. radiosa
References
Concensus & Notes
K
O,
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
l)
1 Specific Habitat
Seasona
J Dist.
0)
n
4J
as
H
HI
a
§
EH
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrqphic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta ranqe
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
a-
X
X
CO
x
X
x
en
x
x
O i—
X
X X
X
cjro^-i — tor^cn —
i — ! — i — CMC\JCMC\jrO
X
, X X X X X
X
X
X X
X
X
i
\ i
X
Kin cofoi ro
. . ro n n ^>
Indifferent;
XX X range 4.3-9.0 (8, 21 , 27
43) , optimum 6.5-7 (4).
Indifferent
X
X X 1.JL
Oligosaprobic to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
y ~~r— Indifferent
H
• ' • • i
n
_ p . Periphytic
1
y
Mesothermal
Y
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); calcium indifferent (36).
229
-------
Taxon
Navicula radiosa var. tenella (Breb. ex. Kutz.) Grun.
References
Concensus S Notes
x
a
IP—
c
0)
M
3
c
1
*
r-l
w
-4
4J
1-1
Qi
Lfo
i— CTl •* 1^. CO
, — , — co ro ro
Acidobiontic
Ac idophi lo us ,
ndifferent X !
Alkaliphilous X fl
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
D .'strophic
Polyhalobous j
Euhalobous i
Mesohalobous X
alpha range
beta range 1
Oligohalobous ( X
halophilous
indifferent XX X
halophobous
Euryhalobcus
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic .
alpha range
beta range _j
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous i
Sapr ophob ic
Limnobiontic i
Limnophilous i
Indifferent _X i
Fheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other 1
Euplank tonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic X X
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooxc
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Indifferent to
Alkaliphilous
' Indifferent
,_
.
. h _^ ,
i Indifferent
1 .11 1 1 II 1 1 —
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan, (21, 23).
230
-------
Taxon Navicilia reinhardtii (Grun.) Grun. var. reinhardtii
References
Concensus & Notes
ffi
c
•H
-P
S
C
•H
O
id
0)
J3
2
nJ
C
^
r^
•P
m
•P
•a
ffi
M
itt
k
Q)
0)
0
4J
«
4J
5
<3
S
0
H
3
4J
IU
U
-------
Navicula rhynchocephala Kutz. var. rhynchocephala
References
Concensus & Notes
X
a,
— n —
c
o
•M
14
•u
$
c
$
*
l-l
id
tc
4J
44
X
rH
H
C
o
nl
•H
-------
Taxon Navicula scutelloides W. Stn. ex. Greg. var. scutelloides
References
Concensus & Notes
S
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
1 Temperature
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Bh?ophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•3-
X
X
X
00
X
X
X
•3
X
X
X
^-
X
X
o
CM
X
C\J
X
X
X
X
X
^h
OJ
X
tD
C\J
X
X
X
X
X)
X
X
00
CO
X
X
X
X
C7»
CO
X
5±
X
X
LT)
^f
X
<£>
*i-
X
—]
\—
l
Alkalibiontic;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27) ,
optimum not over 8 (4)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Saproxenous
Lakes
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 23, 24); however less abundant in the tropics (24).
233
-------
Taxon Navicula seminulum var. hustedtii Patr.
References
Concensus £ Notes
x
u
c
a)
•H
u
41
2
C
o
-H
42
O
id
•u
A
^
Q
0)
tj
s
t-l
§•
r^
CO
ro
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous X
Indifferent
Alkal iphi lous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
D~'strophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igoha lobou s
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhpcphilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
|
Acidophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Found in water low in mineral content, fairly rich in humates (38).
234
-------
Taxon Navicula seminulurn Grun. var. seminulum
References
Concensus s Notes
K
a,
IT—
C
»
•r4
H
4J
a
C
o
-rl
fl
It)
X
*
a
£
e
^
3
4J
V
•3
EC
(-1
§
C
0
td
•H
•3
-H
•H
O
S,
in
g „
o1 fc
lfa
»
%
5
H
a
tl
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Pheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
«*-
y
XI
X
x
Y
3^
X
Z> f»-
X X
10
C\J
X
X
y
1
X
"*•»
X
X)
~l~l
1
V
\
1
Indifferent;
range 5.4-8.4 (2, 27),
optimum about 8.4 (4).
01 igotrophic to
Eutropjvk^
Indifferent to
Beta-Mesohalobous
Indifferent
Ponds
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably Cosmopolitan but seldom seen in the tropics (24); a facultative
nitrogen heterotroph that tolerates low oxygen concentration (4);
mesooxybiontic (26).
235
-------
Taxon Navicula tripunctata var. schizonemoides (V.H.) Patr.
References
Concensus S Notes
E
a.
c
a)
-H
1.1
JJ
£
c
o
•H
*
Itt
1)
.a
a
«
c
n
3
4J
4-1
.0
S
H
K
C
n
•H
•3
•rt
•H
S*
W
S*
o »
So
W
M
5
U
a
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
D-'Strophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Eheophilous
Rheobiontio
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Othsr
Euplank tonic
Tychoplank tonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
XI
^o
' i
01 igohalobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Seems to prefer water of fairly high mineral content (38).
236
-------
Taxon Navicula tripunctata (O.F. Mull.) Bory var. tripunctata
References
Concensus & Notes
a:
a
— 3T—
c
01
•H
U
4J
£
C
.y
*
rH
13
•NJ
X
X
X
X
\J
X
X
X
CJ1
eg
X
X
'
CO
ro
y
A
ro
«3-
X
X
X
X
X
X
ID
«3-
X
X
.
01 i gosaprobi c
Rheophilous
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24).
237
-------
Taxon
Navicula viridula var. avenacea (Bre"b. ex. Grun.) V.H.
References
Concensus S Notes
X
a
c
*H
n
.w
§
c
o
•H
3
IB
<1)
.0.
H
£
c
i4
fl
jj
4J
.Q
rH
H
C
O
4J
flj
4-1
•H
Is
-H
•H
O
0}
&
W
g .p
O M
S D
0)
V4
5
K
?
ff
ro o CM
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous X X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
01 igo trophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous X
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous X
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Sheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
DO CO
m ^t-
X
X
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.9-8.2 (43).
01 igohalobous ,
Indifferent to
Halophilous
Rheophi 1 ous
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
238
-------
Taxon Navicula viridula (Katz.) Kutz. emend. V.H., var. viridula
References
Concensus s Notes
ft
c
0
-H
(-1
4J
3
C
O
•H
XI
o
H
EC
a
.Q
y
a
IS
n
SM
3
4J
4-'
a
IE
r-i
k
c
o
5
•H
S
•H
•H
0)
to
S *j
s
rO Q
W
M
*>
14
tt
§
i— «f CO |0 .—
Scifiobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent ,
Alkaliphilous X X X X X
Alkalibiont"5 c
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
D-'Strophic
Polyhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X X X X
halophobous
Eur yha lobou s
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic X
Sarrophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Phpcphilous X X
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other I
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer j(
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
j^i-Oi— Lor^o->>a-ooo-i
-i — C\JCMC\JC\JC\JCOCOCO
X
X _|X X X X
, JL.
X
X XXX
XXX X
X _.
r
X
JT JL
X , X _
! ,
i
LO
«a-
X
X
,x_
A
1
JL.
X
r
Al kal iphilous ;
range 5.5-9.0 (8, 21,27),
optimum 7.5 (4, 21 ).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
,.
LakGS and Ponds
Periphytic
Summer form
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); mesooxybiontic (26).
239
-------
Taxon
Navicula zanoni Hust. var. zanoni
References
Concensus £ Notes
as
D.
C
•H
H
\-
#
a
•H
A
o
5
OJ
,Q
K
id
c
1-4
P
4->
•M
/J
K
i-l
i-i
C
u
rd
4J
•^^
nj
•H
in
-H
O
(U
G*
CO
(0 •
O W
rtJ Q
CO
M
5
i-l
c
0)
ftciciobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkalighilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
MesotropKic
Olicrctrophic
Dystroohic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Ehpophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
eS-
i
Al kali phi lous;
range 7.5-8 (4).
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
240
-------
Taxon Neidium affine (Ehr.) Pfitz. var. affine
References
Concensus £ Notes
33
&
J3 —
C
0)
•r4
ft
3
C
0
•H
*
("1
iQ
K
-P
•9
K
--i
s
c
s
n3
•H
n
3
•H
•H
(j
?!
to
-jq
S ,
o w
•9 Q
w
^
ii
1!!
&
§
^j- co en CM co i — un
t— •— -— cu n
?cidobiontic
Acidophilous
Alkaliphilous X XX
Alkal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous
Me sohal obous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous X
halophilous
indi f f erent ', X X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Sapr oxe nous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Pheophilous (
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic '
Tychoplanktonic 1
Periphytic
epipelio
epilithlc
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
ft- -^
._! 1
i
i
_.. |,_
•
_j
1
i
L
Alkal iphilous ;
range 5.5-8.3 (8, 21)
Rheophi 1 ous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21. 23, 24).
241
-------
Taxon
Neidium binode (Ehr.) Must. var. binode
References
Concensus & Notes
a
a
c
-H
a
#
c
•H
3
.3
K
<1>
.Q
ii
id
w
C
n
3
4-1
4-1
X)
ft
H
k
B
O
4J
fl
•H
rtJ
•H
•H
O
X,
10
g ,J
O 10
« 0
CO
Vj
•p
Jj
g1
§
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
D-'strophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eury thermal
Undesignated
^ in CT^
X
v
A
A
tD CO
oj n
X X
Indi f ferent
Halophobous to
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Limnophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
242
-------
Taxon Neidium bisulcatum (Lagerst.) C1. var. bisulcatum
References
Concensus s Notes
s:
ft
JT—
c
•S
M
2
B
.y
*
H
III
X
0)
.0
a
to
e
£
g
B
3
•8
S
r-1
§
§
S
F-
•H
S
•H
-H
a,
03
S u
O n
3 °
-------
Taxon Neidium dubium (Ehr.) Cl. var. dubium
References
Concensus s Notes
*3- CO CTl
5
trient
i
c
•H
S
id
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous x
Indifferent x X
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent X
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipel ic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
— ro *d- ^o
— i— i — CSJ
XXX
1 IX
X
x ~~i
-^
\J
X
1
UD
-------
Taxon
Neidium iridis (Ehr.) Cl. var. iridis
References
Concensus s Notes
EC
a
• --jj
c
0)
•H
M
4J
3
C
o
•H
*
H
it!
<1)
,Q
^i
ifl
C
n
3
4J
4J
•s
s
r-t
2
C!
O
rc»
•r-t
rtJ
-H
-H
U
a>
a
en
« •
o w
RJ Q
CO
M
jj
M
P-
r^
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Eur yha lobou s
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Khpophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^t
x
00
X
X
X
X
01
L
X
r
X
X
esj
CO
X
•a-
X
X
NJ
X
X
IO
oo
X
X
M
X
CT)
(NJ
X
un
00
X
CO
ro
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ol
CO
X
Indifferent;
range 4. -9.0 (21 , 27) ,
optimum around 6 (4).
Halophobous to
Indifferent
Limnobi onti c
Lakes, Ponds, Bogs,
and occasional ly
Rivers
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); calcium indifferent (36).
245
-------
Taxon Nitzschla acicularis W. Sm. var. acicularis
References
Concensus s Notes
5
ft
c
-H
H
-p
C
•H
•8
H
i3
X
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igoha lobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryha lobou s
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
i
X
X
f~
y
X
00
x
X
^
x
X
^
01
1
x
X
i\j
X
r\J
f
x
x
x
X
-------
Taxon Nitzschia amphibia Srun. var. amphibia
References
Concensus s Notes
I
a.
c
01
-H
a
3
•z.
C.
•H
«
ID
1>
•8
a
B1
c
1^
p
4->
•P
•9
£
rH
S
o
•4J
m
•H
-Q
9
o
•H
•H
0
8,
u?
r n
O ra
SIQ
to
$1
S
V*
0,
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Ol igosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythennal
Undesignated
OJ
X
CO
y
«d-
X
X
X
00
X
X
X
o>
x
X
o
X
X
-
X
X
X
CM
X
ro
X
<3-
X.
X
•NJ
X
X
X
X
10
X
••••.
X
X
X
X
o->
X
*J-
X
X
o->
X
ro
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
Y
LO
X
Alkali phi lous to Alkali-
biontic; range 4.0-9.3
(8, 21 , 27, 43), optimum
slightly over 8.5 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Indifferent
Lakes, Ponds and
Streams
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); it is at least a facultative nitrogen heterotroph (4);
mesooxybiontic (26).
247
-------
Taxon Nitzschia angustata (W.Sm.) Grim, var. angustata
References
Concensus s Notes
X
a
q
•H
-p
§
c
•H
•a
id
0)
JQ
s
(0
c
n
3
4-1
4.J
A
tc
M
^
c
0
4J
«
-p
•H
XJ
(0
X
o
•H
m
o
OJ
&
w
rt •
O w
ft) Q
en
M
P
V-)
r*
§
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhpophilous
Kheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
c3-
X
X
DO
X
X
x
3
X
X
X
X
X
XJ
X
•o
X
*
X
X
.0
M
X
X
X
M
X
CTt
CM
X
LO
ro
X
01
m
X
range b.4-o.b (o, d//,
optimum around 8.5 (4)
A 'ft
Limnophi 1 ous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24).
248
-------
Taxon
Nitzschia apiculata (Greg.) Grun. var. apiculata
References
Concensus s Notes
£
Nutrient
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
| Specific Habitat
Seasonal
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
"Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhecphilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesieinated
ro
X
•5f
X
CO
X
X
x
01
X
o
X
X
[~~
X
CM
X
<£>
t\J
X
X
X
X
Ol
00
X
01
ro
X
•*
X
ro
*3-
X
X
-
AlkaliphilguA to
Indifferent;
range 6.4-8.2 (8).
Mesohalobous
Rheophilous to
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Mesooxybiontic (26).
249
-------
Taxon Nitzschia bacta Must. var. bacata
References
Concensus S Notes
PC
ft
-JJ
c
a)
•H
kt
4-J
5
c
o
•H
"o
r-l
EC
0)
8
(4
g
p
4J
a
&
rH
H
C
0
3
•H
•H
•H
W
~?H
O
w
w
3
u
a
§
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous ^
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous X X
Alkalibiontic
Eutroohic X
Heso trophic
Oliaotrophic
Dvstrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Me sohal obous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta ranqe
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake X
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic X
Periphytic X.
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Alkaliphilous to
Acidophilous,
optimum 6.5-7.0 (4
Eutrophic
IndiTTerent
Lakes
Periphytic or
Tychoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Tropical Asia and Africa (24).
250
-------
Taxon Nitzschia capitellata Must. var. capitellata
References
Concensus & Notes
33
ft
.P
c
.3
u
4J
?!
G
•H
3
^
a)
ja
a
!?
G
^
f>
4J
V
fi
K
M
H
c
0
o
*j
«
4J
•3
X
o
•H
4H
0
D,
W
r i!
S °i
IS °
w
v<
5
M
a
E*
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^>
x
o
x
X
0
X
^
X
x
X
^o
(Nl
Y
X
X
X
en
ro
X
ID
^r
X
Indifferent to
Alkalibiontic; range 7-9.2
(21 , 26), optimum 7.3-7.8
(4).
Halophilous
Periphytic to
Tychoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Found in Europe and tropical Asia (21, 24) and Africa (24); an obligate
nitrogen heterotroph (4); mesooxybiontic (26).
251
-------
Taxon Nitzschia clausii Hantzsch var. clausii
References
Concensus £ Notes
X
a
c
•H
4J
H&lobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhecphilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophi.lous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^
X
X
01
X
X
X
X
\!
X
\J
\
X
X
UD
C>0
X
X
UD
^J-
X
i
Al kal iphilous to
Indifferent; range 6.8-8.2
(20), optimum about 8.2 (4)
Indifferent to
Mesohalobous
Indifferent to
Periphytic
More frequent in
Summer than Fall
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); mesooxybiontic (26); in water with high concentrations of
dissolved oxygen (4).
252
-------
Taxon Nitzschia closterium (Ehr.) U.Sm. var. closterium
References
Concensus S Notes
B
a,
j>
c
0)
•H
w
4J
3
C
0
•H
*f
f-t
lj
+)
a
X
i-\
^
S
o
n
-H
«
•H
-H
OJ
GH
to
o w
(0 O
to
M
5
M
?
c^
ro *±
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range X
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine X
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic X
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
— o cri
— CSJ OJ
i
XXX
L
X
n
-i-
x
Al pha-Mesohal obous
Eupl anktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
253
-------
Taxon Nitzschia communis Rabh. var. communis
References
Concensus S Notes
so
Q.
Nutrien1-
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
I
Specific Habitat
Seasona
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oiigosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Khpophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•3-
X
00
X
X
X
X
en
X
X
^
X
X
X
\J
X
X
X
UD
CM
X
X
Ol
CM
X
CO
X
en
ro
X
5
X
~*
—
—
—
Al kal ibiontic to
Al kal iphilous;
range 4.3-8.2 (8, 21
optimum 8 (4).
Indifferent
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Indi f ferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); an obligate nitrogen heterotroph (4); mesooxybiontic (26).
254
-------
Taxon Nitzschia denticula Grun. var. denticula
References
Concensus & Notes
w
0)
J.l
c .
'H
H
g
C
o
-H
XI
0
o!
a)
XI
a
&
c
u
g
4J
•H
•a
s
E
s
o
JJ
10
Xl
a
o
•H
•H
O
8,
to
? P
o m
19 O
in
8
ft
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphi lous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•a-
X
CO
X
X
X
en
X
o
X
X
X
1 —
X
X
C\J
X
*
X
X
CTl
ou
X
%
X
to
ro
X
CTl
ro
X
_
_
Al kali phi lous ;
range 6.4-8.5 (4, 8) ,
optimum 8 2-8 5 (4).
Indifferent
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
In water with high oxygen concentration (4).
255
-------
Taxon NJtzschia dissipata (Kutz.) Grun. var. dissipata
References
Concensus S Notes
s
c
•H
M
4J
t
B
$
•a
«1
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphi lous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
*
[
r^
CO
x
X
X
en
x
X
X
,
x
X
ro
•3\
X
X
X
X
•NJ
X
X
X
X
•=i-
CM
vr>
oo
X
X
I
^J
X
X
a\
C\J
X
1
CO
irj
m
X
01
m
X
n
^t
X
X
X
X
X
Y
y
UD
•3-
X
-
Al kaliphilous to
Al kalibiontic;
range 5.5-9.0 (8, 27, 43),
optimum about 8 (4)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic
Eurythermal and
OligothermaTl to
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); in water with high oxygen concentration (4);
mesooxybiontic (26).
256
-------
Taxon Nitzschia elliptica Must. var. elliptica
References
Concensus £ Notes
s
0.
4J
c
<1>
•H
H
4J
s
c
o
•H
fl
id
K
<1>
XI
a
rd
c
p
3
^
+J
A
s
•-(
M
c
0
fl
•H
m
•H
in
•H
u
0)
o,
w
s,-
0 «
« Q
(0
S|
5
M
^
r^
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
=3-
X
.
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Often found in carbonate or sulfate rich water, can withstand oxygen
depleted water (4).
257
-------
Taxon Nitzschia filiformis (W. Sm.) Must. var. filifomris
References
Concensus £ Notes
»
c;
-r-l
•P
*
c
•H
3
1i
o
A
a
«
/-*
1H
g
JJ
4'
%
X
H
£
(5
•P
(d
4J
•H
.a
$
•H
m
•H
O
a-
&
CO
id •
O tt
SO
CO
t!
3
£
r1
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligptrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Hesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•st
X
00
X
01
X
s
A
1
A
UD
CM
[
A
[
i
\
UD
^J-
i
k
Indifferent
Mesohalobous
.
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably Cosmopolitan (24); not fully autotrophic (4); euryoxybiontic (26).
258
-------
Taxon Nitzschia fonticola Grun. var. fonticola
References
Concensus £ Notes
s
a)
H,- lobion
Saprobien
Current
a
•rt
1
H
W
1)
C
(U
0
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkal ibiontic
Latrophic
Meso trophic
OligotroDhic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epldendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CM
X
•=*
X
X
>--
X
CO
X
X
o
X
I—
X
X
CM
X
CO
X
CT1
1—
X
!
X
X
X
X
>o
X
r-
X
X
X
x
1
<=r
x
in
X
1
Cft
—
Alkaliphilous to
9.0 (8, 21 , 27),
optimum 8,2-8.6 (4).
Eutrophic
Mesosaprobic to
Oligosaprobic
Indifferent
Lakes, Ponds,
Springs and Streams
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
259
-------
Taxon Nitzschia frustulum Kutz. var. frustulum
References
Concensus & Notes
X
ft
Nutrient
Hr> lobion
r;
C)
— t
J.i
8
a,
t'j
VI
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Meso thermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
m
x
**
x
X
x
CO
X
X
X
x
0
X
X
-
X
X
x
C\J
X
ro
X
X
*3-
X
X
o
C\J
X
X
C\J
x
X
!
,
LQ
CM
X
X
r^.
OJ
x
Ol
C\J
X
X
s
X
x
' X
1
LCt
n
X
01
ro
X
U3
^d-
x
x
-
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.2-8.6 (8, 21 , 27)
Eutrophic
Halophilous to
Indifferent and
apparently
Euryhalobous
Limnobiontic
Euplanktonic ,
Tychoplanktonic
and Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); seems to be an obligate nitrogen heterotroph (4);
mesooxybiontic (26).
260
-------
Taxon Nitzschia holsatica Must. var. holsatica
References
Concensus S Notes
S
Nutrien:
H,- lobion
Saprobien
Current
3
/]
10
X
r4
a
H
-------
Taxon ' Nitzschia hungarica Grun. var. hungarica
References
Concensus S Notes
a
a,
Nutrient
Hr lobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
I Temperature
Acidcbiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eu trophic
Mesotropjiic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
' alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic '
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^-
X
CO
X
X
j»
X
o
C\]
X
X
NJ
X
X
•a-
C\J
-0
C\J
X
X
X
X
Jl
C\J
X
ti-
ro
X
X
:r>
ro
X
1
X
=3-
X
m
«!•
X
X
1
t£>
"3-
X
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.5-8.2 (8).
Halophilous
Indifferent to
Rheophilous
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); withstands oxygen depleted waters (4); mesooxybiontic (26).
262
-------
Taxon Nitzschia kutzingiana Hilse var. Kutzingiana
References
Concensus S Notes
as
o,
c
-------
Taxon Nitzschia lacunarum Hust. var. lacunarum
References
Concensus £ Notes
K
C
•H
-P
S3
C
•H
o
O
.TI
2
us
S-l
4J
,)
/J
^
rH
H
c
t^
4->
ni
4J
•H
XJ
(3
X
•H
«n
•H
U
^
(d •
o w
rtl O
W
M
+J
^
0.
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophi lous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Sapjrophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^3-
X
o
C\J
X
X
Mesohalobous to
Hal ophi 1 ous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Also in carbonate-rich waters (4).
264
-------
Taxon Nitzschia linearis (W.Sm.) var. linearis
References
Concensus £ Notes
s
Nutrien :
HP lobion
c
o
- H
ft
2
Oi
ra
tl
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasona]
1 Dist.
remperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
-
X
X
«a-
X
CO
X
X
X
Ch
X
X
o
X
X
^
X
X
X
CXJ
X
01
X
X
!
o
C\J
C\J
X
X
X
x
in
CM
X
X
X
r^.
C\J
X
X
x
~l
,
01
CM
X
ro
X
1
*
ro
X
X
X
x
ro
^i-
X
X
X
X
51
Y
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27, 43),
optimum around 7.8 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic
Rheobiontic
Springs and Streams
"crenophi 1 ous11
Peri phytic
Summer form
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); a truly autotrophic species living only in oxygen rich
water (4); mesooxybiontic (26); from a polluted crustose community (1).
265
-------
Taxon Nitzschia linearis var. tenuis (W.Sm.} Grun.
References
Concensus £ Notes
K
Q<
C
•r4
+J
-
C
•H
O
d)
XJ
s
ro
C
£
fl
JJ
4)
J.)
•H
M
C
ri
•H
J3
«J
K
u
•H
0
S,
w
id •
O CQ
S Q
«
t)
5
s
04
i
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohal obous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
\
)(
01 igohalobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
266
-------
Taxon Nitzschia lorenziana Grun. var. lorenziana
References
Concensus S Notes
P3
q
-H
4J
g
c
•H
3
c.)
JU
z
%
tn
e
k
g
•p
•P
•a
tu
H
15
V
n
•H
J3
5
•H
4H
O
a
? M
S °i
m O
^
H
-P
H
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Lirnnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplank tonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^d-
X
X
X
Marine
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
267
-------
Taxon Nitzschia microcephala Grun. var. microcephala
References
Concensus £ Notes
K
ft
c
•H
-P
2
C
-H
•a
r
o
,;,
^
nj
3
.p
4)
.1]
E
rH
is
c
f3
tO
-p
•H
,Q
fd
X
•H
m
-H
U
QJ
a
to
? ii
O M
« O
W
i-l
4J
h
a
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphi lous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphyjtic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
^*
X
CO
X
X
y
CTi
X
X
~
X
X
X
1C
X
X
o-
c^
X
to
**
X
Al kal iphilous;
range 7-8.5 (21),
optimum 8.3-8.5 (4)
Halophilous to
Indifferent
T A'ff
Eurythermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); an obligate nitrogen heterotroph (4); mesooxybiontic (26).
268
-------
Taxon Nitzschia palea (Katz.) W.Sm. var. palea
References
Concensus K Notes
ffi
c
•H
•W
'i
q
•H
%
Is
Cl
JH
&
n
w
n
a
a
i>
S)
K
rH
H
c
8
4J
B
•H
tfl
u
•H
«n
•H
O
4)
a
« •
O W
8 D
w
n
i!
h
^
a
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Ondesignated
"~
X
X
M
X
X
X
•a-
X
X
r--
X
X
03
X
X
X
X
X
^
X
Y
X
CM
X
CO
X
X
Y
x
X
O
-------
Taxon Nitzschia parvula Levis var. parvula
References
Concensus s Notes
ffi
ft
c
•iH
•)J
i
c
3
3
I;.
c
.!.;
ii
&
3
-U
4)
,13
05
H
H
C
r™
ri
•H
.Q
fd
tu
•H
in
•H
U
-------
Taxon Nitzschia perminuta Grun. var. perminuta
References
Concensus S Notes
~
ft
— Ti
G>
T-t
VJ
3
&
C
O
•H
,Q
0
H
id
B
C
0)
,U
a
fO
G
1-4
3
*J
41
•S
a:
M
^
c
0
nJ
•H
a
-H
•H
<1>
PJ
W
? ^
O M
ID n
w
u
5
u
a
§
•=3- CO ^3- VO
• — i — CM
Scidobiontic
Acidophilous x
Indifferent
Alkalir>hilous XXX
A ' kal ibiontic
Eutrophic X
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
D'^strophic
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous
tlesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophi lous
indifferent X X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Sapr ophob ic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Shecphilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Vond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
i
i
i
I
Alkali phi lous;
optimum is less than
but near 7 (4) .
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
A nitrogen heterotroph (4), mesooxybiontic (26).
271
-------
Taxon Nitzschia perpusilla Rabh. var. perpusilla
References
Concensus s Notes
K
C
•H
-P
^
c
•1-t
o
lO
•1)
£1
B
P.
(3
4J
C
4)
M
^4
3
Q
4J
tf
4-'
-rH
^
ftf
K
M
nj
S
0)
c
Q)
U
+J
(d
-P
•H
XI
(C
X
o
-H
u
a
(d •
O tn
Cfl -H
SQ
W
M
4->
H
a
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Slkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobcus
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oiigosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermai
Meso thermal
Oiigothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•a-
X
'
._.
Eutrophic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Probably a facultative nitrogen heterotroph (4).
272
-------
Taxon Nitzschia sigma (Kutz.) W.Sm. var. sigma
References
Concensus £ Notes
X
a,
c
a
•H
*j
z
c
o
«tH
*
" J
A
tl
£
a
g
4J
4*
/I
as
iH
H
rs
4J
fl
•H
.Q
(0
O
-H
U
O
o.
c J
O M
s °
w
N
4J
VJ
a
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Ol igosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Litnnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
•a
X
CO
X
X
X
X
o^
X
0
CM
X
X
NI
X
X
X
«a-
CM
X
X
X
UD
CVJ
X
X
"3-
ro
X
X
X
-------
Taxon Nitzschia sigitioidea {Ehr.) W.Sm. var. sigmoidea
References
Concensus £ Notes
X
o.
Nutrien';
Hr lobion
Saprobiom
Current
-U
n)
4)
±\
a
EC
H
2
S
i
A
X
^
k
X
X
C\J
1
'd-
X
X
1
j
l£)
CM
X
X
X
\t
[
[
01
%J
x
X
X
X
o
n
X
oo
X
IT)
n
X
CT>
CO
X
i
'
ID
f
X
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.0-9.0 (8, 27)
optimum is 8.5 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
01 igosaprobic
Indifferent
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24); withstands oxygen depleted waters (4).
274
-------
Taxon Nitzschia sinuata (W.Sm.) Grun. var. sinuata
References
Concensus S Notes
X
&
-JT
c
0)
•H
M
a
'i
c
•H
3
i:.
S3
0
•f;
a
&
s
£
3
•p
4)
£
M
H
C
o
4J
P
•rl
ja
d
EC
•H
**H
o
S
in
s,;
S °i
9 o
-------
Taxon Nitzschia stagnorum Rabh. var. stagnorum
References
Concensus s Notes
B
a
c
i-j
iJ
&
C
•H
3
,.
c>
Xi
y
«
M
r=
4J
+J
•9
S
rH
S
C
f3
4J
(0
4J
-H
-Q
(0
X
o
•H
M-J
•H
U
0>
o.
CO
'•S ,;
8 H
nj O
U)
if
5
S
a
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkali^hilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurytherraal
Undesignated
•*
X
00
x
X
X
o
X
X
n
X
«d-
CJ
tD
CSJ
X
X
n
X
Indifferent to
Al kali phi lous;
range 6.6-7.7 (8)
optimum 8.4 (4).
Indifferent
Bet a -Mesosaprobic
Limnobiontic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24); an obligate nitrogen heterotroph which cannot reproduce
without organic nitrogen (4); mesooxybiontic (26).
276
-------
Taxon Nitzschia sublinearis Hust. var. sublinearis
References
Concensus S Notes
33
a
c
•H
a
£?
c
•H
•s
Iv
o
•s
a
S
3
£
g
•p
4J
,!!
&
l-{
S
o
4J
8
•rl
J3
?
o
•H
m
•H
O
a
CO
p ,;
§01
» °
w
Si
S
8
Jj
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
jspjLpelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesiqnated
^i-
X
X
Alkaliphilous;
optimum 7.5-8 (4).
Oligohalobous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
277
-------
Taxon Nitzschia thermal is KCJtz. var. thermalis
References
Concensus & Notes
1C
a
a
•H
il
i
c
•H
3
','
o
.u
h
&
w
M
3
•s
5
J]
S
•H
M
C
0
4->
S
•H
£
fO
X
o
'l-t
«n
-H
U
s,
to
? M
O 01
2 Q
CQ
}~l
S
V4
^
rS
Acidobiontic
Aoidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Eur yha lobou s
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eury thermal
Undesignated
ro
X
^f
X
f^
X
X
CO
X
X
c^
x
X
CM
X
m
x
cr»
C\J
X
en
"O
x
to
•3-
X
Alkali phi lous;
range 6.6-8.2 (8) ,
optimum 8.4 (4).
Indifferent
Al pha-Mesosagrobic
Limnophi lous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24); an obligate nitrogen heterotroph, it withstands oxygen
depleted waters (4).
278
-------
Taxon Nitzschia tryblionella var. victoriae Grun.
References
Concensus f. Notes
33
Q.
Jc
0>
•H
a
#
c
-S
3
0
•g
a
S1
2
a
v
41
4)
S
3
s
c
0
4J
S
•H
S
-H
m
O
S,
in
VM
o m
S! °
«
t|
S
B
S
Acidobiontic
Ac idophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Ol Igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Ondesignated
^c
C\J
X
•st
n
X
x
x
Indifferent
Periphytic and
Tychopl anktoni c
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21).
279
-------
Taxon Nitzschia vermicularis (Kutz.) Grun. var. vermicularis
References
Concensus s Notes
S
c
-H
ii
£
g
•H
^
u
Ci
•g
8
fl
H
ft
H
JJ
•si
X
•3
w
s
-p
S
f\
jb
«3
EC
o
f4
«M
O
£
U)
g J
SO)
UD
w
tj
5
n
s,
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendiic
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Unde signaled
^~
X
CO
x
X
X
C7>
X
X
^0
C\J
x
X
X
\J
X
x
X
X
X
-------
Taxon Opephora martyi Herib. var. martyi
References
Concensus S Notes
s
&
c
-------
Taxon Pinnularia boreal is Ehr. var. boreal is
References
Concensus £ Notes
5,
C
•H
iJ
K
c
•«H
O
Iv
c
CD
XI
rfl
c
0)
m
fl
is
41
•H
3
ffi
r-l
flj
IS
q
X
_i
Indifferent;
range 4-8 (8, 21 , 27) ,
optimum less than 6 (4)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Lakes, Ponds, Rivers
and Aerophilous
Periphytic
Oligothermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); in water of low mineral content (38).
282
-------
Taxon Pinnularia gibba Ehr. var. gibba
References
Concensus s Notes
as
a
c:
rj
•H
ij
g
Hfilobion
Saprobien
Curre.it
4J
m
_,j
-.4
a
rj
EU
i-H
«
«
0>
C
(U
[J
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrochic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
OI igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
*±
x
X
r^
X
CO
X
X
en
X
X.
o
X
X
^1
X
X
CM
X
CO
X
•=f
X
X
Nl
X
X
X
to
CM
X
X
X
C\J
X
X
I
ri
X
s
X
X
X
in
CO
X
VO
ro
X
U3
^t-
X
Acidophilous;
range 4.3-8.2 (8, 21, 27)
optimum about 6 (4).
Eutrophic to
01 igotrophic
Indifferent
Oligosaprobic to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Springs and Streams
"crenophilou?"
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); mesooxybiontic (26); can live in oxygen poor water (4);
calcium and iron indifferent (36).
283
-------
Taxon Pinnulari'a viridis (Nitz.) Ehr. var. viridis
References
Concensus s Notes
53
q
•H
-u
§
c
•H
•cj
iC.'
1 '
CJ
JTJ
ti
Itj
C
^
3
jj
41
fl
X
H
(0
£
IU
C
u
JJ
a
4J
•H
J3
g
o
•H
-------
Taxon
Rhizosolenia eriensis H.L. Smith var. eriensis
References
Concensus S Notes
K
ft
•••ii
C
0)
f-(
H
-P
£
c
o
•H
.Q
O
i-J
K
0
XI
B
rtJ
a
i-i
g
4J
4)
H
K
•-(
M
S
3
td
•H
S
•H
-H
O
n,
10
c u
Sra
n! O
en
n
5
M
a
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalohous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
=d-
0
CM
x
A1 kal i phi l_ou_s_>
optimum 7 5-8 (4)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
285
-------
Taxon
Rhizosolenia longiseta Zach. var. longiseta
References
Concensus S Notes
ft
Nutrien?
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Hatitat
1
Specific Habitat
Seasona:
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
ftcidophilous
Indifferent
Aikaliphilous
?lkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhecphilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Entuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
**
X
-
x
X
X
o
CM
X
X
x
x
to
CM
x
x
X
X
I
1
1
1
—
Eutrophic
Saproxenous
Limnobiontic
Lakes, Ponds and
Rivers
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
286
-------
Taxon Rhizosolenia minima Lavender var. minima
References
Concensus S Notes
Oligohalobous to
Mesohalobous; can
invade brackish water (4).
Ac idophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Rlkaliblontic
Eutrophic
Oligotrophic
Dvstrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
Oiigosaprobic
Spring and Stream
Tvchoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
287
-------
Taxon Rhoicosphenia curvata (Kutz.) Grun. ex. Rabh. var. curvata
References
Concensus £ Notes
w
c
•H
+J
Z
G
•H
•o1
as
(0
.Q
ITJ
4J
c
£
rt
-P
(C
4>
•H
•a
a
•H
IB
n
O «
IS"
CO
if
41
kj
0)
a
EH
flcidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkallphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
^Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligo thermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
t
X
X
X
r~*
x
x
X
CO
X
X
X
en
X
X
, —
X
X
X
*3-
X
X
Lf>
X
y
X
O
C>J
X
X
to
C\J
X
X
X
X
^
X
X
X
X
x
Cft
CM
X
X
O
no
Y
X
-
x
8
X
Y
CO
CO
x
X
x
en
CO
X
CO
<*•
x
X
x
x
Y
ID
^
x
Y
<£>
*3-
Alkaliphilous;
range 5.4-9.0 (8, 27, 43),
optimum somewhat over
8 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Mesosaprobic
Indifferent to
Rheophilous
.
Epiphytic;
particularly on
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (20); lives optimally in oxygen rich waters (4).
288
-------
Taxon Rhopalodia gibba (Ehr.) 0. Mull, var. gibba
References
Concensus £ Notes
X
a,
c
a
%
a
u
g
*i
41
a
w
•H
n
c
(5
rt
-H
.Q
nj
-H
-H
0
01
&
U]
c J
o w
2 °
CO
n
5
n
0,
Acidobiontic
ftcidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
D^^strophic
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Fhecphilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplank tonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
•a-
x
^
X
X
CO
X
X
3%
X
o
1
X
X
^
[
X
•\1
"O
X
=r
X
X
•NJ
X
X
X
X
J3
^J
X
X
r^
CM
X
X
:n
"SJ
X
X
•o
X
«3-
F>
X
X
X
r>
"O
X
ot
CO
X
5-
X
in
f
X
X
-------
Taxon Stauroneis anceps Ehr. var. anceps
References
Concensus £ Notes
£
c
•H
K
4J
%
g
.y
•a
«
0)
A
h
ft
C
s
r!
-P
4>
•a
tc
H
+J
•H
-P
rt
a:
u
•H
*M
U
&
?,;
0 »
SQ
w
K
4->
H
?
rS
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Sajjrophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendrio
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
*
X
"^
X
X
CO
X
X
X
01
X
X
o
X
X
CM
X
n
X
^°
X
o
OJ
X
X
VJ
X
X
X
X
U}
C\J
X
Nl
X
y
X
X
oc
c^
X
o
n
X
-------
Taxon Stauroneis anceps f. gracilis Rabh.
References
Concensus £ Notes
a
V
t>
•H
H
•p
S
a
'H
«
id
ffi
a)
•o
S
S1
§
3
iJ
-------
Taxon Stauroneis phoenicentron (Nitz.) Ehr. var. phoenicentron
References
Concensus s Notes
ffi
c
•H
4J
C
•H
•8
IS
OJ
•g
s
S1
4J
a
M
3
•P
4)
'H
J
r5
tu
•H
fl5
k
S
M
-p
5
•H
ft
a
X
0
-------
Taxon
Stauroneis smithii Grun. var. smithii
References
Concensus S Notes
•a- oo 01 OJ «*»• 10
r— i — i — i — i — C\J CM
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous ,
a- Indifferent I ,,
01 Alkaliphilous . (
Alkalibiontic
c Eutrophic
ii Oligotrophic
^ Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
c alpha range
-H beta range
•§ Oligohalobous !_.
Ii halophilous
B indifferent X X X_ JL }L X_
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
i) alpha range
^ beta range
S Oligosaprobic
S1 Saprophilic
W i £ —
Saproxenous i_
Saprophobic i
Limnobiontic '
pecific Habitat General Habitat Curren
1 . — . . . . — i — I— i — r— r-
~r=(
S*
8-3
a o
*
±3
a
u
I
&
Limnophilous 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1
Indifferent
Rheophilous X X ^_
Rheobiontic
Marine i
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream !
Aerophilous i
Other III--
Euplanktonic
TVchoplanktonic i
Periphytic j
epipelic
epilithic
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
Summer
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
n U3 CO Ol 10
Indifferent to
Alkaliphilous
Indifferent
L
1 Saproxenous
I 1 -4— Rheophilous
i
— (
_^ 1
-i — !
;
_u
1 _
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); from oxygen rich waters (4).
293
-------
Taxon Stenopterobia intermedia (Lewis) V.H. var. intermedia
References
Concensus £ Notes
X
c
••H
4-1
c
•H
3
OJ
A
ti
18
fl
V4
r^
-P
(0
4.1
,q
s
•H
k
0)
c
4.'
a
4J
•H
A
s
o
CJ
X
LT)
X
r>
X
LO
-------
Taxon Stephanodiscus alpinus Must, var. alpinus
References
Concensus £ Notes
33
O,
.(.»
c
-------
Taxon Stephanodiscus astraea var. minutula (Kutz.) Grun.
References
Concensus £ Notes
X
a.
Nutrien*
Halobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasona!
Dist.
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophio
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Olicphalobous
Ualophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheoghilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Sprxng and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
X
x
X
&l
X
X
Y
A
X
X
CO
v
A
<=J-
X
^~
C\J
X
U3
C\J
X
X
X
NJ
X
1
t
CTi
CO
X
5-
,
X
X
to
^1-
X
Alkal ibiontic;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27}
Indifferent
Saproxenous
Indifferent to
Rheophilous
Lakes
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (24).
296
-------
Stephanodiscus binderanus (Kutz.) Round var. binderanus
References
Concensus s Notes
IE
O.
J3
C
O
•H
W
4J
S
c
z
*
r-l
id
SB
-------
Taxon Stephanodiscus dubius (Fricke) Hust. var. dubius
References
Concensus £ Notes
a
0,
.!-'
c
•H
VI
4J
3
"Z.
c
•H
«
td
Q)
J3
a
id
c
^
g
jj
4-1
0
K
rH
H
C
o
n
•H
fO
•i-f
•H
u
0)
o<
w
g ,,
0 W
S Q
w
M
*J
U
a
53- » a
Acidc.bior.tic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic y X
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous x
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic X
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic y
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizoorc
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
i — CSJ O
— i — C\J
JL
ti
X
r
X
^o
CM
X
X
X
r^ i —
r\j ^f
X
X
X
X
x
1
<
x
Al kal i biontic ;
range 6.4-9.0 (8, 27)
01 i gosaprobi c
Limnobiontic to
Indifferent
Lakes and Ponds
Euplanktonic
_t_.
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
298
-------
Taxon
Stephanodiscus hantzschii Grun. var. hantzschii
References
Concensus S Notes
H
q
-------
Taxon Stephanodiscus invlsitatus Hohn an Hellerman var. invisitatus
References
Concensus & Notes
£
c
•H
JJ
c
-H
O
13
4-1
JJ
ffi
•-I
n
c
u
.p
{3
•H
X3
5
U
-H
"t-i
U
8,
Ui
S 4J*
0 to
nJ O
w
M
-p
n
a
S
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
eoipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
00
X
C\J
CO
X
Eutrophic_
Rivers
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Found throughout the United States (32).
300
-------
Taxon Surirella angustata Katz. var. angustata
References
Concensus £ Notes
s
•r'
0)
•H
fl
*
Hr..lobion
c
a
•H
2
a
a
in
Current
General Habitat
s
•H
1
3
M-t
•H
3
a
CO
Seasonal
Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
M
X
X
X
X
*
X
CO O
X >
F
X
1 1 —
X
Y
v
X
C\J
X
Ch
X
x
X
"VJ
X
X
X
X
*
xi
*£>
CM
X
X
•X
t
*3-
CO
X
m
•=t
X
X
1
1
X X
1
x!
X
X
X
X
in
«3-
X
x
x
x
10
>*
X
X
X
-
f-
..
—
Alkaliphilous;
range 6-9 (2, 8, 21 , 43) ,
optimum around 7.5.
Indifferent
Spring form
"crenophilous"
Tychoplanktonic or
Periphytic
Spring or Fall
maximum
Mesothermal to
Oligothermal ,
Methathermal to
Eurythermal
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); euryoxbiontic (26).
301
-------
Taxon Surirella elegans Ehr. var. elegans
References
Concensus £ Notes
5
c
•H
iJ
§
c
•H
•8
m
HI
XI
2
m
c:
3
•H
XI
ID
K
0
•H
"n
0
s,
« ;
O M
flQ
CQ
tf
£
>4
^
§
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
^Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
Tf
X
00
X
X
X
\J
X
X
UD
INI
X
X
X
M
X
en
CM
X
un
CO
X
o>
PO
X
Alkali phi! ous to
Indifferent;
range 5.3-8.5 (8, 27),
optimum around 8.
Indifferent
Saproxenous
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21).
302
-------
Taxon Surirella ovalis Breb. var. ovalis
References
Concensus s Notes
X
a.
j.1
c
•H
M
.p
$
c
•H
«
id
ffi
0)
ja
a
£
01
c
h
3
In
+i
3
X
r-t
S
c
4J
3
•H
ft
fO
X
0
•H
-------
Taxon
Surirella ovata Kutz. var. ovata
References
Concensus S Notes
SB
0<
— :p—
C
it
£C
O
A
ii
lU
C
S
g
4-1
4)
XI
OB
H
JH
C
(5
(a- co CTI i— CM
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous X X X X X
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range X
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent X X
halophobous
Euryhalobous X
Polysaprobic X
Mesosaprobic X
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous X X
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal X
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal _X.
Undesignated
>CT»^OI — CTtromuD
XX XX
_ X X X X X_
X X
_ . !L .
nx\. __x
X. . _ X
1
I
1 ,
X i_._Xj_
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.4-8.2 (8),
optimum 7.5-8 (4, 45)
Indifferent
-~ — Rheophilous
Winter maximum
Oligothermal ,
Eurythermal ,
range 0' -24' C.
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
304
-------
Taxon Surirella striatula Trup. var. striatula
References
Concensus £ Notes
Si
0,
•u
c
-------
Taxon Synedra actinastroides Lemm. var. actinastroides
References
Concensus £ Notes
35
ft
C
•H
JJ
i
c
•H
3
a
j*
2
iB
C
h
3
4J
4'
^4
ru
t-i
H
c
o
4J
td
4J
-H
^J
S
U
•H
«n
•H
O
0)
Ot
rt!
o a
ffl O
0)
V-l
+J
M
&
Acidobiontic
Ac idophi lous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
flesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
00
X
o
X
o
%l
X
m
X
Indifferent;
range 6 6-7.7 (10) .
Indifferent
Beta-Mesosaprobic
Limnophilous to
Indifferent
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
306
-------
Taxon Synedra acus Kutz. var. acus
References
Concensus s Notes
se
a
•s1
B
01
•H
H
4J
%
c
o
•H
3
EC
O
ft
&
id1
c
§
g
OJ
4>
•9
S
H
Vi
C
U
•U
fl
'H
J3
fl
•H
m
•H
U
&
Ul
g J
8 ™
5°
tn
t)
5
S!
a,
\
AciHobiontic
Ac idophi lous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkaiibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Me ta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
x
y
•a-
X
»
X
x
X
o^
X
x
o
X
x
^
X
x
X
CM
X
^f
X
x
\J
X
K
LO
C\J
X
X
x
\J
X
X
X
X
1
0*1
CM
X
o
m
X
X
M
X
s
x
X
X
xt
m
X
30
ro
X
LT>
*
X
X
X
X
x
A1 kali phi lous;
range 6.2-9.0 (8, 27) ,
optimum 7.4-7.6 (4).
Eutrophic
Indifferent
Periphytic or
Tychopl anktonic
Spring and
Summer form
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21); seems to prefer water which does not have a very low
conductivity, more often found in waters of medium hardness (38).
307
-------
Taxon Synedra delicatissima var. angustissima Grun.
References
Concensus & Notes
in
c
•H
4J
§
C
-H
3
frM
O
A
s
*
r;
^1
fl
AJ
•TJ
*)
•a
u
H
-------
Taxon
Synedra mazamaensis Sov. var. mazamaensis
References
Concensus £ Notes
B
ft
C
01
•H
JJ
5
c
o
•H
s>
o
r-^
C
0
f>
I*
a
c
|H
3
ffl
41
•3
K
f-1
H
C
O
fl
•H
£
•H
-H
O
-------
Taxon Synedra nana Meist. var. nana
References
Concensus & Notes
K
a
c
•H
H
-P
13
C
-H
•a
c-J
o
J3
V-(
rtJ
01
n
^
3
•P
4-1
•9
s:
H
!-,
C
O
fd
4-)
-H
43
>a
-H
4-1
-H
0
-------
Taxon Synedra parasitica var. subconstricta (Grun.) Hust.
References
Concensus S Notes
£
c
o
•'H
u
-p
Halobion
Saprobien
41
rt
S
n
S
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasona]
1 Dist.
uperature
a
EH
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Euirophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhecphilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
X
X
X
cri
X
X
^
X
X
X
UD
C\J
X
X
X
CO
n
y
Alkaliphilous;
range 6.5-8.3 (8).
Indifferent
01 igosaprobic
diatoms
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Often found with the nominate variety (38).
311
-------
Taxon Synedra pulchella var. lanceolata f. constricta Hust.
References
Concensus s Notes
ac
a
c
-r4
JJ
i
C
•H
•8
id
QJ
J3
&
IS
c
Ij
g
4-1
4J
•s
rn
rH
S
o
+J
nj
4J
•H
f}
ffl
•H
m
•H
O
o
c^
to
ft!
O «
m a
CO
n
f
V4
a
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophio
Me so trophic
01 igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobcus
Polysaprobic
Hesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophi lous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
o
CSJ
X
to
CM
X
I—
Mesohalobous
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
312
-------
Taxon Synedra pulchella var. minutula Must.
References
Concensus s Notes
SO
CM
'•4.1— •
B
O
•rf
fl
£
c
X
*
!-<
»Cl
4)
.9
«
s-
c
8
g
+J
4)
•s
s
fH
S
S
h
•rl
K
•H
•H
U
K
S J
i •
!«
w
i}
s
w
a
S
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
D<7stroohic
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Late
Pond
River
Spring and stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Me ta thermal?
Eurythermai
Undesignated
00
X
o
rsl
X
(
.
Mesohal obous
Indifferent
Peri phyti c
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
313
-------
Taxon Synedra pulchella var. naviculacea Grun.
References
Concensus & Notes
*
S
•H
iJ
^
c
•H
*
,'*
0)
•8
a
S1
.p
G
Jj
g
*
4J
•H
a
H
-------
Taxon Synedra pulchella Ralfsex KOtz. var. pulchella
References
Concensus S Notes
32
0.
— 4J
B
0
•rl
VI
V
g
c
o
•H
*
iH
li
C
111
A
&
s
c
2
g
V
41
3
H
H
S
§
«J
•H
«
•H
•H
U
&
in
g „
o to
3 Q
01
VI
S
m
§
3
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
n
X
ujo
X X
)
; CT
X
<
S
)(
X
f—
x
X
X
CO
X
o
CO
X
X
\J
V
UD
CVJ
x
X
X
\J
«a-
X
CO
<*
(
<0
-------
Taxon Synedra radians Kutz^ var. radians
References
Concensus £ Notes
IB
C
-H
4-1
i
e
.3
•o1
ij
C
0}
,Q
iH
(C
4J
n
Q)
M
fi
jj
to
*>
.11
rt
a:
-H
05
h
0)
c
4J
to
4J
•rH
^
1
O
•H
IM
O
s,
? ,;
O to
IS"
CO
Si
4J
^
D.
H
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkalipnilous
Aikal ibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Khfcphilous
Rhcobiontic
Marine
Estuary
La.'ce
Por.d
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
1 Oligothermal
Steno thermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
oo
>
>
X
CT1
)
X
o
>
X
c\
X
>
r^
CM
X
X
X
en
C\l
X
n
X
CO
CO
Y
X
i —
T
T
f J.ff
Limnophilous
Euplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); often found in water with fairly high mineral content (38).
316
-------
Taxon Synedra rumpens var. familiaris (Katz.) Grun.
References
Concensus £ Notes
X
o,
— JT—
c
<])
•H
H
*
c
.y
*
ffi
41
•a
s
H
K
8
u
ri
•H
fl
•H
-H
u
O
a
CO
S 4*
O M
<4 O
W
t(
5
111
P
8
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Pheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligo thermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
:n
•NI
x
«!•
ro
X
X
CO
ro
X
Indifferent
01 igohalobous
Periphytic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
A common tropical species (21).
317
-------
Taxon Synedra rumpens var. fragilarioides Grun.
References
Concensus £ Notes
S
c
•H
4J
£=
B
•H
o
id
8
iC
c
M
ft
-P
(C
4)
•H
M
(3
K
•H
1C
H
-------
Taxon Svnedra rumpens Kutz. var. rumoens
References
Concensus s Notes
I
0.
— T*—
e
a
•H
n
u
4!
e
o
•H
*
l(J
K
0)
XI
&
Id1
c
a
lit
4>
•8
a
fi
§
c
rf
•H
,Q
$
-H
*H
•H
O
&
-------
Taxon Synedra rumpens var. scotlca Grun.
References
Concensus £ Notes
s
c
•H
iJ
£
C
5
o
Wj
<1)
•§
8
#
4J
g
t>
.
•H
K
H
-------
Taxon
Synedra tabulata (Ag.) Kutz. var. tabulata
References
Concensus S Notes
X
0,
— JJ
c
•H
ffi
•H
•H
U
Q>
Ci
CO
S 4J
O M
s °
W
M
5
S
Aciclobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkal iphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
D^strophic
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophi3.ous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Pall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
JL A.
X
X X
J£.
O i—
-------
Taxon
Synedra tenera W.Sm. var. tenera
References
Concensus S Notes
K
C
•H
-P
c
•H
o
OJ
J3
z
a
(^
H
ft
JJ
">t
u
ffi
f-i
^
c
o
4-1
flj
4-)
•H
.Q
S
O
•H
m
u
04
p ,;
O M
tfu
w
tl
5
S
r1
rS
Ac idobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic r
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Ol igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oi igosapr obic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiont ic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhecphilous
Rheobiontic
Maiine
"^r.tuary
Lake
Pond
River
Sprxng and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplanktonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
«^-
y
^
X
CO
CO
X
Rheophilous
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Prefers water of low conductivity (38).
322
-------
Taxon Synedra ulna var. impressa Must.
References
Concensus & Notes
IE
a
— rr-
c
as
•H
fl
§
c
o
•H
fl
M
K
-------
Taxon Synedra ulna var. oxyrhynchus Kutz.
References
Concensus £ Notes
K
Q,
[Nutrien'
Hf.lobion
c
w
•H
ft
O
^
ft
cfl
cn
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasona]
1 Dist.
Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eu trophic
Meso trophic
Oliqotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalcbous
tlesohalobous
alpha range
beta ranqe
Ol iq oha} obous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha ranqe
beta ranqe
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rhecphilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tvchoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Sununer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Metathermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
CO
X
X
X
JZ
X
X
X
•^r
ro
X
-
— 1
—
_
-
1
-
1
\-
1
1
range 6.6-7.9 (8).
Indifferent
Indifferent
Euplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
324
-------
Taxon Svnedra ulna var. spathulifera (Grun.) V.H.
References
Concensus s Notes
•E
ft
JT—
C
-------
Taxon Svnedra ulna (Nitz.) Ehr. var. ulna
References
Concensus s Notes
st
4J
id
n
gi
E*
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
ftlkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha ranqe
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprqphobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophi lous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
X
X
c^
y
X
X
CO
X
X
X
X
-
x
X
X
ro
X
X
«*
X
X
o
X
fl
X
C\j
X
X
Y
VO
CM
X
X
X
X
Y
!•»
C\J
X
Ol
CVJ
X
X
o
CO
Y
x
PO
x
•a-
ro
X
x
X
X
in
CO
X
00
ro
X
f
x
Y
n
«*
X
X
x
x
f
Y
LT
«*
X
x
Y
Alkaliphilous;
range 5.7-9.0 (8, 11, 27)
Eutrophic
Indifferent
•
Oligosaprobic to
Beta-Mesosaprobic
TnHi ffprpnt
Euplanktonic
Spring, Summer,
and Fall
Eurythermal and
Oligothermal to
Mesotherma!
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 24); great ecological span (45); prefers dirty water (16);
calcium indifferent (36); it is unsuitable as an ecological indicator (21).
326
-------
Taxon Tabellaria fenestrata (Lyngb.) Kutz. var. fenestrata
References
Concensus S Notes
•*
Si
o.
•*-'
c
a>
•H
n
^J
'4
H&lobion
Saprobien
Current
General Habitat
Specific Habitat
Seasonal
Dist.
1 Temperature
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous x
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Ol igotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythernal
Undesignated
CO O i —
X
X X
X /
CMtef
X X
X
(
0 t^|0
\j c\j ro
x x ~A
X
X
~]
X
1
__A|
X
1
.0 CO ID
•»> ro «a-
X
X
X
X
u_ X
X
xl
1
x
X.
IX
&
<3-
X
1
\
-.
Acidophilous;
range 4.5-9.0 (8, 27) ,
optimum 5.0-7.1 (4, 27,
45).
Found in all
nutrient conditions
Halophobous
Saproxenous to
Beta-Mesosaprobi c
Lakes and Ponds
Periphytic and
Attached
Spring and Fall
maxima
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan, but seldom in the tropics (24); calcium indifferent (36).
327
-------
Taxon Tabellaria flocculosa (Roth) Katz. var. flocculosa
References
Concensus & Notes
0.
c
•r^
-p
&
c
-H
O
id
0)
-Q
2
C\J
X
Y
X
r^
CM
X
X
X
X
X
o
oo
X
£
X
kO
ro
K
1 — p
CO
CO
X
X
X
X
f?
1
Y
Y
X
V
X
1
I
-
Acidophilous;
range 4.2-9.0 (8, 27),
optimum 5.0-5.3 (4).
Mesotrophic to
01 igotrophic to
Dystrophic
Halophobous
Alpha-Mesosaprobic to
Saproxenous
Limnobiontic
Periphytic and
maxima
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
Cosmopolitan (21, 36); calcium indifferent (36).
328
-------
Taxon Thalassiosira fluviatilis Hust. var. f 1 uviati 1 is
References
Concensus & Notes
ffi
0,
IT—
c
o>
•H
H
4J
3
£
O
•H
fl
H
id
S
-------
TaxonThalassiosira pseudonana (Hust.) Hasle and Heimdal var. pseudonana
References
Concensus & Notes
SI
c
•H
4J
&
C
•H
0
7!
~
OJ
A
id
14
Lt
r^
.p
id
-ii
-H
^
n
X
r-i
10
K
QJ
C
Q)
O
+J
4J
ja
-------
Taxon Tropidoneis lepidoptera (Greg.) C1. var. lepidoptera
References
Concensus £ Notes
33
0,
— 3T—
C
.3
fl
3
a
.a
*
1-4
ill
EC
C
o
A
&
to
to
13
a
a
^
%
$
«
«
H
2
§
S
5
•H
*9
•r4
•H
?!
ff
a*
S ^2
S Q
&
i
3
»
§•
r^
CM ^-
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
indifferent ,
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontio
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polvhalobous
Euhalobous X XL
Mesohalobous X_
alpha range
beta range
01 igohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiont ic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic X
Periphytic X. X.
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
He so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
!
— I
_
Euhalobous
Periphytic to
Tychoplanktonic
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
331
-------
Taxon
References
Concensus & Notes
X
c
•3
•M
&
c
*H
•§
id
#
4J
V4
14
ft
•P
ffl
4)
•H
fl
ac
•-i
a
n
0)
c
jj
a
•H
a
9.
O
«M
u
&
? i!
a °i
S"
w
0)
K
45
10
U
&
s
Acidobiontic
Acidophilous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Meso trophic
Oligotropjiic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Fheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Euthermal
Me so thermal
Oligothermal
Stenothennal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
1 —
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
332
-------
Taxon
References
Concensus £ Notes
SB
tt
J-l
c
0)
•H
fl
'4
C
o
•H
XI
o
H
id
SS
01
ft
^1
rtJ
c
2
3
4->
+)
^J
X
•H
H
c
O
B
•H
$
•H
m
-i-t
O
0)
&
in
S 4^
o »
« n
w
M
4J
^
P
8
flcidobiontic
Acidophjlous
Indifferent
Alkaliphilous
Alkalibiontic
Eutrophic
Me so trophic
Oligotrophic
Dystrophic
Polyhalobous
Euhalobous
Mesohalobous
alpha range
beta range
Oligohalobous
halophilous
indifferent
halophobous
Euryhalobous
Polysaprobic
Mesosaprobic
alpha range
beta range
Oligosaprobic
Saprophilic
Saproxenous
Saprophobic
Limnobiontic
Limnophilous
Indifferent
Rheophilous
Rheobiontic
Marine
Estuary
Lake
Pond
River
Spring and Stream
Aerophilous
Other
Euplank tonic
Tychoplanktonic
Periphytic
epipelic
epilithic
epidendric
epizooic
epiphytic
attached
unattached
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Eu thermal
Mesothermal
Oligothermal
Stenothermal
Meta thermal
Eurythermal
Undesignated
i
]
i
(
I
I
|
1
_
Geographical distribution and additional comments:
333
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-670/4-74-005
2.
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS AND POLLUTION TOLERANCE
OF FRESHWATER DIATOMS
5. REPORT DATE
November 1974;
Issuing Date
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
Rex L. Lowe
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORG-\NIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Bowling Green State University
Bowling Green, OH 45268
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO. 1BA027
ROAP 05AEF: Task 12
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
R-802495
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
National Environmental Research Center
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, OH 45268
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final 6/1/73 to 6/1/74
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Supplement to "A Guide to the Common Diatoms at Water Pollution Surveillance System
Stations, C. I. Weber, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, 196
98 p
1966.
16. ABSTRACT
Data on the environmental requirements and pollution tolerance of 300 common
species and varieties of fresh water diatoms was compiled from 48 references. The
following parameters were considered: pH, nutrients, salinity, organic pollution
tolerance (saprobien system), current, general habitat, specific habitat, seasonal
distribution, temperature and geographical distribution. A consensus of opinions
for each parameter was established for most taxa. It is suggested that this compila-
tion be employed to evaluate data from plankton and periphyton samples collected for
the assessment of water quality.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS C. COSATI Field/Group
*Indicator species
Aquatic biology
Plankton
*Diatoms
Plant ecology
Algae
Water quality
Phytoplankton
Periphyton
^Pollution tolerance
Algal ecology
6F
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
RELEASE TO PUBLIC
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
UNCLASSIFIED
21. NO. OF PAGES
340
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
UNCLASSIFIED
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
334
•&U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1975-657-588/5325 Region No. 5-I I
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