United States
                        Environmental Protection
                        Agency
                        Office of
                        Research and Development
                        Cincinnati, OH 45268
EPA/540/F-96/503
May 1996
       v>EPA     Fact Sheet
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Demonstration  of VOC
Treatment and  Disposal Via
Spray  Irrigation
Hastings,  Nebraska
            PURPOSE OF THIS FACT SHEET:

             To describe EPA's SITE Program
             demonstration of VOC Treatment and
             Disposal Via Spray Irrigation.

             To announce the EPA Visitor's Day
             scheduled for July 15, 1996
             in Hastings, Nebraska.
                    INTRODUCTION
       The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will
       perform a technology demonstration at a contaminated
       ground water site in Hastings, Nebraska. The
       demonstration is part of the EPA's Superfund
       Innovative Technology Evaluation. (SITE) Program.
       The SITE Program, created in 1986, evaluates new and
       promising treatment technologies for addressing
       hazardous waste site contamination.
       The technology is a Center Pivot Spray Irrigation
       system which was developed by University of
       Nebraska-Lincoln researchers. The irrigation system is
       equipped with off-the-shelf fog producing impact pads
       for improved efficiency. The demonstration will
                        evaluate the ability of this technology to remove (strip)
                        volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from contaminated
                        groundwater.  The effluent contaminant levels will be
                        evaluated against cleanup criteria set by the EPA
                        Region 7.

                        As part of the Western Governor's Association
                        initiative for innovative technologies, several state
                        environmental agencies, representatives from the Navy
                        Facilities Engineering Centers, U.S. Army Corps of
                        Engineers, and other stakeholders reviewed the
                        demonstration plan.  The purpose is to use this
                        demonstration to identify appropriate applications of
                        the spray irrigation alternative for states and federal
                        facilities.

                               TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION

                        The arm of a sprinkler irrigation system can be short or
                        long, depending on the availability of water and land.
                        Sprinkler irrigation systems are widely used throughout
                        the country and the world for crop production because
                        of the capability to irrigate sandy areas and hilly
                        terrains. These systems are self propelled, highly
                        mechanized, and efficient. Sprinkler irrigation systems
                        apply water uniformly, reduce leaching, and have low
                        labor and operating requirements. They do not require
                        land leveling and start-up costs are low.

                        The heart of the sprinkler irrigation system is the
                        nozzle. By placing nozzles at relatively close intervals
                        along an elevated pipeline, field water application is
                                   SUPERFUND INNOVATIVE
                                   TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION

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essentially uniform.  The amount of sprayed water is
controlled by the speed with which the "pivot" or
"linear" travels across the field.

When irrigation water is applied using the sprinkler
method, the water is distributed over the irrigated area
by a spray.  The nozzles are configured to have a small
opening from which a stream of water is emitted. The
high velocity stream strikes an impact pad and forms a
thin film of water. The film breaks up into small
droplets as it leaves the pad. The droplet size depends
on the pressure and the impact pad design.

      SITE DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY

A SITE Demonstration using a center pivot irrigation
system will be performed at the North Landfill Subsite
in Hastings, Nebraska. The 20-ha (50-acre)  site is a
furrow-irrigated corn field underlain by commingled
plumes of contaminated groundwater, located on the
eastern edge of Hastings, Nebraska. The ground water
is 36.5 m (120 feet) below the land surface and
contains trace levels of the solvents 1,1,2-
trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,1 -trichloroethane (TCA)
and the fungicides carbon tetrachloride (CT) and
ethylene dibromide (EDB).  Also present are traces of
solvent and fungicide degradates such as 1,1 -DCE,
trans 1.2-dichloroethylene and chloroform. A grain
elevator up gradient is the source of the fungicides
while the solvents are allegedly from an abandoned
landfill and industrial sites located southwest of the
elevator.

      TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION
The primary goal of the SITE Demonstration is to
determine the efficiency of sprinkler irrigation as a
method for remediating VOC-contaminated ground
water to levels below the maximum contaminant levels
(MCLs). The results of previous tests indicate removal
rates of EDB, TCE, TCA, and CT that exceeded  95%
in most cases. In some instances the removal rate
approached 100%.  Monitoring of system parameters
will also be performed to characterize the operation of
the system.

Samples will be sent to the EPA Office of Research
and Development laboratory in Cincinnati, Ohio. The
EPA will analyze the liquid samples for the  volatile
compounds of interest. All data will be collected using
strict quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC)
procedures.  These data will be used to determine
whether the sprinkler irrigation system has met the
cleanup objectives specified by the EPA Region  7.
Operational information such as treatment rates,
temperatures, and pressures will be collected during the
course of treatment.  An economic evaluation of the
technology will also be performed based on available
information.

          TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

The final products of the SITE Demonstration will be a
Technology Bulletin and an Innovative Technology
Evaluation Report. A videotape of the demonstration
may also be produced.

A summary of the comments, questions, and
suggestions offered by state and federal reviewers will
be included in the final report.

As part of the technology transfer effort and in
conjunction with on-going community activities, the
EPA is sponsoring a Visitor's Day on July  16, 1996, in
Hastings, Nebraska.

If you would like to attend, please complete the
attached registration form and mail or FAX it to:

     Vicente Gallardo
     U.S. EPA
     26 West Martin L. King Drive
     Cincinnati. Ohio 45268
     (513)569-7176
     FAX: (513) 569-7620
     email: gallardo.vincente@epamail.epa.gov

Questions regarding the center pivot spray  irrigation
system should be directed to:

     Roy Spalding
     University of Nebraska-Lincoln
     Water Center/Environmental  Programs
     103 Natural Resources Hall
     P.O. Box 830844
     Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0844
     (402) 472-7558
     FAX: (402) 472-9599

Questions concerning the SITE Demonstration should
be directed to:

     Teri Richardson
     EPA SITE Project Manager
     U.S. EPA
     National Risk Management Research Laboratory
     26 West Martin Luther King Drive
     Cincinnati, Ohio  45268
     (513) 569-7949 Fax: (513)569-7105

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                                    REGISTRATION FORM
Name
                            Phone #
Organization
                            FAX
Address
                                                             Attendees
To register by phone (IA, KS, MO, NE residents only) call 1-800-223-0425. The registration form may
also be FAXed to Vincente Gallardo at (513)569-7620.

                            PLEASE REGISTER BY JUNE 15,1996
Questions concerning the EPA Region 7 cleanup at the
Hastings site should be directed to:

    Diane Easley
    SUPRIANE
    U.S. EPA Region 7
    726 Minnesota Avenue
    Kansas City, Kansas 66101
    (913)551-7797
    Toll Free (IA, KS, MO, NE)
    1-800-223-0425
    FAX: (913) 551-7063

Questions concerning the state and federal facilities
participation should be directed to:

    Richard Schlenker
    Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality
                    P.O. Box 98922
                    1200 N. Street
                    Lincoln, NE 68509-8922
                    (402)471-2186
                    FAX: (402) 471-2909
                 The University of Nebraska-Lincoln and the
                 U.S. EPA would like to express appreciation to
                 Morrison Enterprises for installing the
                 sprinkler irrigation system and operating it
                 during previous tests and this Demonstration.

                 Additionally, we would like to thank the
                 farmers, Davie Utecht and Kenneth Craig for
                 permitting access to the site and apologize for
                 any inconvenience.
           Demonstration of Spray Irrigation as a VOC Treatment and Disposal Method
                                       Hastings, Nebraska
                                    Visitor's Day Information
            Date: Tuesday, July 16, 1996

            Time: 9:30 a.m.
              Grand
              Island
         26 milesf •  93 miles
            Place:                          1-80
            Central Community College           	
            Hastings Campus Library   ^        "~"
            East U.S. Hwy 6         <*
            Nuckolls Bldg.      Hastings Mun. Airport
            Lodging:
            Holiday Inn
            2205 N. Old Hwy 281
            402/463-6721
12 Street
                                  2nd Street
                                 Hwys 34 and 6
            Location of Hastings Region
            within State of Nebraska
iilesj I

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                                                            Lincoln, NE
                   Hotels
                                               1-281
           Bypass 6
                Hotels
                                Field Demo
                                 *        Hwy 6
                         C3
                        Hastings
                        Community
                        College.
                        Meet here.
                                            1-281

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United States
Environmental Protection Agency
National Risk Management
Research Laboratory, G-72
Cincinnati, OH 45268
Official Business  •
Penalty for Private Use
$300
EPA/540/F-96/503
     BULK RATE
POSTAGE & FEES PAID
        EPA
   PERMIT No. G-35

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