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This report has been reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved
for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views
and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of commercial
products constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government.
-------
FOREIGN NOISE RESEARCH
IN
MACHINERY AND CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
December 1977
Office of Noise Abatement and Control
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D. C. 20460
-------
-------
PREFACE
Method of Data Collection
The information was collected by means of inquiries to foreign
noise contacts, both individuals and organizations. The contacts were queried
about their research activities and the names of other individuals or organizations
that they were aware of who might be involved in pertinent noise research.
These referrals were then contacted to ascertain their research efforts. In
addition, inquiries were made at the Ninth International Congress on
Acoustics, July 1977, in Madrid, Spain. In total, approximately 1300
requests were made. The foreign researchers were asked to respond with
information on their noise abatement research projects that have been
completed since January 1976, are in progress, or are planned. They were
asked to respond with information about research projects that deal with:
o Aviation noise source control technology
o Surface transportation noise source control technology
o Machinery and construction equipment noise source
control technology
o Measurement methodology
o Systems research for noise abatement
The latter two categories include projects not specifically classifiable
under aviation, surface transportation, or machinery and construction
equipment. "Systems research" includes path modification projects such as
noise barriers and operational techniques such as modification of traffic
flows.
-------
From these contacts, 316 Machinery/Construction Equipment Noise Research
Projects were identified,
Handling of Data
To retain reporting accuracy, where possible, the original responses
were included in the report. In the case of foreign language reports, or data
not in our format, the information was translated and/or transcribed to a
unified format and is identified as having been so treated. Some researchers
described their projects to us in a very limited fashion. Therefore, these
projects, when listed in this report, show very fragmentary data elements. We
did not try to augment these responses, but simply transcribed them verbatim
in an abbreviated format at the end of each topical section.
Any funding data that was not reported in U. S. dollars has been
converted and the reports show both the reported foreign currency figures
in parentheses and the converted U. S. dollars figures. Below Is the table
of exchange rates used:
Exchange Rates as of Tuesday, June 21, 1977
(Source: The Wall Street Journal)
Argentina-Peso = 0.00281 US Dollar
Australia-Dollar = 1.1100 US Dollar
Belgium-Franc = 0.027715 US Dollar
Canada-Dollar =• 0.9428 US Dollar
Denmark-Krone = 0.1649 US Dollar
-------
Finland-Markha
France-Franc
Japan-Yen
Netherlands-Franc
Northern Ireland-Pound
Norway-Krone
Poland-Zloty
Portugal-Escudo
Scotland-Pound
Sweden-Krona
Switzerland-Franc
United Kingdom-Pound
West Germany-Mark
= 0.2450 US Dollar
= 0.2024 US Dollar
= 0.003671 US Dollar
= 0.2024 US Dollar
= 1.7196 US Dollar
» 0.1884 US Dollar
=< 0.0502 US Dollar
= 0.02590 US Dollar
= 1.7196 US Dollar
= 0.2253 US Dollar
= 0.3997 US Dollar
= 1.7196 US Dollar
= 0.4240 US Dollar
Completeness and Accuracy of Information
Countries or International Organizations Where Researchers Were Contacted
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belguim
Bulgaria
Canada
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France
East Germany
West Germany
Greece
Hungary
International Civil Aviation
Organization
Ireland
International Standards
Organization
Israel
Italy
Japan
iii
Luxembourg
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Organization for Economic Cooperation
and Development
Poland
Portugal
Rumania
South Africa
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United Nations
Yugoslovia
Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics
-------
In some of these countries we did not receive large numbers of
responses. This does not prove conclusively that little or no research
is being carried out in these countries. In some cases, we probably never
identified the proper contacts. However, it is more likely that a low
response rate is an indication that in these areas research is not widespread,
with one exception—the USSR, where it is certain that research is being
conducted but little response was forthcoming to our inquiries.
While it is impossible to be sure of the accuracy of the reported
data, it is likely to be accurate because the data was mostly provided by
the researchers themselves, not second or third hand. There is a wide
variation in the amount of information reported per project. This probably
reflects the varying amounts of time that researchers had available to
respond to our inquiries.
The dollar figures given for the research efforts should not be
taken too literally because they paint an oversimplifed picture. The
buying power of a fixed amount of dollars can vary from country to country
due to flucutating foreign exchange rates. There are also differences
between countries in calculating costs of a project, for example, inclusion
of overhead rates. The most important factor when considering the funding
data is that it is available for only a fraction of the reported projects.
This overshadows any other qualifying factors. It is felt that because
of these factors, the total funding figures underestimate the total committed
resources, but to an unknown degree.
IV
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Preface i
Acknowledgements viii
Introduction 1
Discussion of Foreign Research
Magnitude of Research Effort 3
Analysis of Research 6
Funding Charts
Summary Machinery/Construction Equipment Noise
R&D Funding, 1976-1977 19
Construction and Mining Equipment Noise R&D Funding,
1976-1977 20
Manufacturing Equipment Noise R&D Funding, 1976-1977 21
Consumer Products Noise R&D Funding, 1976-1977 22
Engine Technology and Machine Parts Noise R&D Funding,
1976-1977 23
Agricultural Machinery Noise R&D Funding, 1976-1977 23
Acoustic Properties R&D Funding, 1976-1977 24
Construction and Mining Equipment Research Projects
Earthmovers and Related Equipment 25
Compressors 31
Specialized Mining Equipment 41
General Construction Equipment 45
Breakers and Drills 59
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Page
Manufacturing Equipment Research Projects
Woodworking Machinery 67
Textile Machinery 83
Metal Working Machinery 89
Other Industrial Equipment 127
Engine Technology and Machine Parts Research Projects 203
Consumer Products Research Projects
Tools 207
Appliances 215
Toys 229
General 233
Agricultural Machinery Research Projects 239
Acoustic Properties Research Projects
Building Acoustics 243
Impact and Vibration 259
Physical Acoustics 273
Measurement and Methodology 285
Country Index of Research Projects 313
-------
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The principal compiler of this report, Robert English, of
Informatics Inc, wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Pat Dufour,
Miriam Heilman and Carl Modlg of Informatics; Harvey Nozick, Roger
Heymann and Thomas Quindry of the Office of Noise Abatement and
Control; and the hundreds of noise abatement researchers abroad
who shared information about their projects. We are especially
indebted to Harvey Nozick for the contributions his painstaking
review made to the final quality of this report.
vn
-------
-------
INTRODUCTION
Purpose of the Report
This is one of three reports which summarize foreign
noise abatement research efforts, based on an appraisal carried
out by Informatics Inc for the U. S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Noise Abatement and Control, as part of
their noise research coordination efforts. The United States
Environmental Protection Agency has reconstituted interagency
noise research panels covering three areas: aviation, surface
transportation, and machinery and construction equipment. The
purpose of the panels is to assemble a total picture of U. S.
Federally-sponsored noise abatement research recently com-
pleted, in progress, or planned, and provide recommendations for
additional research which should be performed to meet the goals
embodied in the national noise abatement strategy. The three
panel reports are scheduled for release in early 1978.
The three reports on research abroad are to supple-
ment the information provided in the panel reports by providing
a broad overview of the international research effort underway
in noise abatement and control.
-------
Categorization
For this report, Machinery/Construction Equipment Noise Abatement:
Technology Research, the projects were categorized as follows:
Construction and Mining Equipment Noise
Earthmovers and Related Equipment
Compressors
Specialized Mining Equipment
General Construction Equipment
Breakers and Drills
Manufacturing Equipment Noise
Woodworking Machinery
Textile Machinery
Metal Working Machinery
Other Industrial Equipment
Engine Technology and Machine Parts Noise
Consumer Products Noise
Tools
Appliances
Toys
General
Agricultural Machinery Noise
Acoustic Properties
Building Acoustics
Impact and Vibration
Physical Acoustics
Measurement and Methodology
-------
DISCUSSION OF FOREIGN RESEARCH
MAGNITUDE OF RESEARCH EFFORT
Reported Research by Country
The following number of projects were reported by country:
West Germany 94
United Kingdom 64
Sweden 32
Netherlands 30
France 20
Australia 14
USSR 14
Norway 9
Japan 8
Canada 7
East Germany 6
Denmark 4
Switzerland 3
Poland 3
Argentina 2
Finland 2
New Zealand 2
Italy 1
Scotland 1
Czechoslovakia 1
Sponsorship of Research
In almost all countries, the majority of the research reported is
government sponsored. In the Socialist countries such as East Germany and
the USSR the government sponsorship rate is 100%. Australia, Denmark, Japan,
the United Kingdom, and West Germany show levels of private sponsorship that
are possibly significant.
-------
Types* of Research by Country
Argentina
Australia
Canada
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
East Germany
Finland
France
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
USSR
West Germany
TOTALS
***
T3
01
•H
iH
(X
£
2
2
Fundamental
2
5
1
1
1
3
2
11
2
28
Development
5
2
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
12
15
45
Demonstration
3
1
2
5
4
1
8
1
25
Measurement &
Methodology
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
6
1
23
Unclassified
4
4
1
2
6
20
1
1
28
5
2
16
1
40
14
95
240
363**
* As self-reported by investigators who had the opportunity to classify their
projects using one or more of the categories listed in the table.
**The table sums to more than the total number of projects because some projects
were classified as more than one type.
***The title of this category was a new one volunteered as a write-in by one researcher.
-------
The type of research was self-identified for less than half of
the reported research. Even though there is only partial reporting in
this area, there seem to be more developmental projects than any of
the other types, which all appear to fall at about the same level of
effort. The United Kingdom, Norway, Japan, and Australia appear to be
doing most of the demonstration work. Each of these countries has three
or more projects that are at least partially demonstration in nature,
Funding Information
Funding tables are provided on pages 19-24. They show funding
by country for each major category for the period 1976-1977 and funding
by country for each sub-category for the same period.
-------
ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH
CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT
Earthmovers and Related Equipment
Only a few projects have been reported on earthmovers and related
equipment. Of note is a study in Japan in which a hydraulic power shovel
was quieted from 70 dBA to 55 dBA at 30m distance. In West Germany, The
Institute for Construction Machinery did a project on low-noise excavation
techniques for urban application. There are also two studies on forest
vehicles reported from West Germany, and a Polish study which includes
quieting of earthmovers.
Compressors
The reported research is spread across Japan, United Kingdom,
West Germany, Australia and The USSR. The studies relate to the use of
silencers, resilient mountings and screening for noise and vibration.
Most of the work being done in this area is development and
demonstration work. Kobe Steel, Japan has acoustically treated a
compressor reducing noise level from 78 dBA to 62 dBA, at an additional
cost of 50 to 100 dollars. In Australia, Comp Air, Ltd., is now
marketing a line of mobile air compressors silenced from 75 dBA to 70 dBA.
In the United Kingdom, Compair Industrial, Ltd., is developing an
enclosed and acoustically treated plant to give an average sound pressure
level of 70 dBA. in West Germany silo compressors and axial-flow
compressors are being studied.
-------
Specialized Mining Equipment
Three studies are reported from Sweden, The United Kingdom,
and West Germany. Equipment studied included rotary rock drills.
Methods of silencing included machine design, the application of rubber
to noise generating surfaces, and insulation and isolation.
General Construction Equipment
The reported projects deal with noise abatement at general
construction sites, in the concrete industry and track laying sites.
Pile drivers are being studied in Japan, The Netherlands, West
Germany, and The United Kingdom, According to a Japanese report
there was a 30 dBA reduction achieved by usine a cover on a pile
driver. In the United Kingdom, The Building Research Establishment is
working on a quiet pile driver, nibbler, and dumper. The Institute
of Sound and Vibration is studying propagation of noise from'pile
drivers. There are two projects from Denmark on the concrete industry,
and a German study on rail ballasts. In the USSR, a universal plant
for molding concrete into various products was constructed with noise
levels of 93 to 96 dBA. There are also a number of studies on construc-
tion site noise prediction and measurement and the collection and
assessment of data for regulatory purposes.
Breakers and Drills
Jack hammers and drills are some of the worst noise offenders and
are difficult to quiet.
-------
Projects specifically concerned with the development of low-
noise hammers and drills are reported from Australia, France, The
USSR, and West Germany. In France, the INRS has shown that a noise
level of 96 dBA can be obtained with acoustical treatment, and they
have plans to develop a quiet hammer in conjunction with a
manufacturer.
MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
Woodworking Machinery
These studies relate to the lumber industry and wood products
Industries. Studies include the quieting of band saws and circular
saws, planers, nailers and molding machines. There are a considerable
number of projects going on in this area. Many deal with noise reduction
of circular saws, which appear to be the most offensive noise source.
By treating the blades and modifying operating procedures of saws, i.e.,
reducing speed while idling, it has been shown that considerable reduction
of noise can be obtained. Gomex Verktyg AB,Sweden, has developed and
is marketing a sound dampened saw which is 5 to 10 dBA ouieter than
conventional saws. They have also developed a helical blade for planers.
Australia, Sweden, The United Kingdom, West Germany and France have
reported projects in the woodworking area.
Textile Machinery
In Sweden, a joint effort was undertaken in 1976 in the textile
industry to develop new machinery and to improve existing ones in
relation to their noise production. Other research includes noise
abatement in spinning mills by application of damping materials in West
-------
Germany and experimental and field development of noise abatement
techniques for the knitting industry in the United Kingdom.
Metal Working Noise
More studies are reported in this area than either textile or
woodworking machinery. The impact noise caused by metal working
operations is of particular concern. Many studies deal with source
reduction for different machines, such as presses. Others are concerned
with identification of noise sources, and abatement measures in
various factory settings. There are also several studies testing noise
levels of existing machinery with the aim of making this information
available to buyers. The equipment studied included presses, lathes,
grinders, drills, pneumatic tools, sheet metal tools, steel furnaces,
drop hammers and welding,equipment. Also studied were planers,
rolling machines, finishing shops, metal packing case manufacturing
processes, and cutting torches. An interesting project was reported
from Sweden in which sheet metal straightening was converted to an
hydraulic operation at low cost, eliminating impact noise. Studies
were reported from Scotland, Sweden, The United Kingdom, West Germany,
Norway, France and Poland. Sweden and West Germany reported the greatest
number of projects.
Other Industrial Equipment
This is a mixed bag of research projects with no trend predominating.
-------
A major area of research effort is the reduction of noise in ducts.
An Australian project has developed an experimental attenuator that has
provided a 10 dBA reduction at a 90 degree bend in a duct system. The
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research in the United Kingdom is
conducting several projects including those concerned with wall vibrations
in ducts, noise from centrifugal fans in ducts, and the use of splitter
silencers and Helmholtz resonators as liners in ducts.
A project in Finland assessed the noise levels of paper machines.
They found that the future Finnish 90 dBA limit could be met by existing
or expected technology in all areas of the machines except the suction
rollers. Noise reduction in concrete products production machines
such as those for concrete pipe and blocks is an area of research in
Denmark, Sweden, and France. Research efforts in Norway and the United
Kingdom are attempting to evaluate acoustical treatment material for use
in sterile industries (food, drink, and pharmaceutical). Other
investigators in the United Kingdom are trying to develop polymer based
flat or shaped noise control covers made from low cost bulk-usage
materials. Several countries, including the United Kingdom, Netherlands,
and Poland, are trying to set up noise zones around industrial areas.
A West German research effort is attempting to develop hyperplastic
noise damping materials for use in tight machine casings. France has
a very basic effort underway to ascertain their industrial noise problem.
They intend to survey the existing and future soundproofing methods,
the gains possible, and the costs involved. The USSR is trying to
10
-------
measure exhaust noise from pneumatic rotary engines and is working on
the development of basic standards and guidelines for industrial noise
abatement. West German researchers are trying to determine the noise
levels of low polluting (by added steam) high rise torches in refining.
Projects from West Germany, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom involve
acoustical treatment of the industrial facilities rather than the machine
themselves. They consider the use of noise screens, suspended absorption
material, and the study of the acoustic field in plants and structures.
ENGINE TECHNOLOGY AND MACHINE PARTS
Combustion
The two research projects in this category are both from West
Germany. They deal with noise abatement of engines by such methods
as exhaust damping of chain saw motors and by applying material to
the walls and covers of engines to isolate them from inner power trans-
mitting parts.
CONSUMER PRODUCTS
Tools
Only a few projects, mostly on lawnmowers, have been reported under
this category. (Other studies on tools such as mechanics tools and saws
may be found under metalworking and woodworking noise). In Australia
there is a study being done on noise characteristics of small 2-stroke
engines. Piston slap was found to be the dominant source of mechanical
noise. Another study is being done in Canada on muffler design for
11
-------
small combustion engines used for lawnmowers and chain saws. In
West Germany there are two studies, one on noise abatement in
lawnmowers and combination tools being done in conjunction with
regulation development and the other on portable chain saws in which
the aim is to reduce the noise level at the operator's ear to 90dBA,
Appliances
This category covers projects dealing with noise from air
conditioners and other domestic appliances and office machines.
Projects have been reported from Australia, Canada, The Netherlands,
New Zealand, West Germany and The United Kingdom. In The Netherlands
there are several projects sponsored by The Public and Environmental
Hygiene Department concerning the development of a regulation
for domestic appliances. A possible provision being investigated is
labeling of products. This work is also tied to E.E.C. regulation
development. A project has been reported from The United Kingdom
dealing with high speed motors on domestic appliances. Studies on
air conditioners have been reported from Australia, Canada and West
Germany. In New Zealand, a survey is being done on office equipment
noise which will lead to specifications for a "Code of Physical Working
Conditions" for the New Zealand public service.
Toys
Only one project was reported from The Netherlands on noise aspects
of model planes.
12
-------
General Consumer Products
All the reported projects are from The Netherlands. They deal with
noise from acoustic warning devices, household appliances, gardening,
and hobby and recreation equipment.
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Two research projects dealing with tractors were identified in
the United Kingdom. They first attempted to identify and reduce tractor
component noise sources. A 43 horsepower tractor was treated and the
noise emissions were reduced by 10 dBA to 88 dBA with no power loss.
The follow-on project intends to reduce the noise of machinery trailed
behind the tractor and to minimize the noise transmitted to nearby
buildings.
ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
Building Acoustics
Among the projects reported are studies on structure borne noise,
floor noise generation, acoustic ceiling and wall treatments and the
placement of machines inside factories to reduce noise transmission.
Several studies have been reported on acoustic insulation materials
for industrial plants, including two from the USSR, a project from
West Germany to develop construction norms for sound and thermal
insulation, and another study in the United Kingdom testing the
acoustical effectiveness of thermal insulation. Other research projects
were reported from Japan, the United Kingdom, East Germany, France, and
The Netherlands.
13
-------
Impact and Vibration
Among the projects reported are two studies from the USSR on
vibration isolation in machines, a study from Denmark on the measurement
and evaluation of impact noise, a study from Norway surveying and
evaluating methods to reduce vibration from industrial sites, and a
study from the United Kingdom on a model for determining the vibration
characteristics of a structure from measured frequency response data.
Ohter projects in this category came from Argentina, West Germany,
East Germany, and The Netherlands.
Physical Acoustics
Research projects in this category were performed in West Germany,
East Germany, France, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Projects dealt
with meteorological influences on propagation, radiation intensity of
machines (housings, mechanical impedance studies, turbulence, damping
effects of air and water droplet mixtures, site characteristics and
noise by frictions.
Measurement and Methodology
These studies deal with the development standardization of measurement
metholologies, instrumentation, and noise sampling in various industries.
Included are studies on measurement methodologies for inside and outside
industrial complexes, studies measuring different kinds of noise such as
impact and in fluctuating noise, and computerized monitoring systems.
There is much work being done on the evaluation and standardization
of measurement methodologies for industrial sites, and a growing
sophistication in these methodologies to account for varying factors.
Thirteen countries have reported studies in this category.
14
-------
The greatest number of projects are reported from the Netherlands.
Many of these studies sponsored by the Public Health and Environmental
Hygiene department, relate to new noise nuisance legislation and zoning require-
ments . ISO recommendations are being assessed and adopted a fair number of
projects are also reported from West Germany and the United Kingdom.
In France, the INKS is evaluating measurement methodologies for factory
noise and measuring the noise levels of machines with the hope of working
towards a product labeling regulation. Sweden, Denmark, Finland and
Norway are jointly sponsoring a project on noise sampling in the wood
and metal industries, and in Norway a data bank for industrial noise
sources is being set up at the University of Trondheim. In Canada,
a technique for monitoring blasts has been developed. Other projects
are reported from Australia, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Japan and the USSR.
SUMMARY
In total, 317 research projects were reported on machinery and construc-
tion equipment noise abatement. Most of these projects fell within the category
of Manufacturing Equipment, which covers noise abatement studies in a wide
range of industries. This category included 178 projects and nearly 9 million
of the total 12 million dollars of reported funding. Most of this research
was concentrated in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and West Germany. The distribu-
tion of projects within the Manufacturing Equipment category shows that metal-
working and woodworking operations are both areas in which a great amount of
work is being done. A wide range of projects was also reported under the topic
Industrial Noise Other, essentially a miscellaneous grouping. Included were
studies from many industrial settings—among which were pumping stations, refin-
eries, paper plants, bottling and food processing operations, and shipyards, to
list a few; and studies dealing with many different noise problems and treatments,
including fans, ducts, furnaces, hydrostatic components, impact machines,thfe design
of attenuators, enclosures, damping material, and industrial site planning.
15
-------
In second place by number of projects is Acoustic Properties research.
This is a very broad category. For details see the individual projects.
The category Construction and Mining Equipment has the third highest number
of projects and reported funding. In comparison to Manufacturing Equipment,
far less work is going on in the construction and mining noise area. Thirty-
four projects and 1,325 million dollars were reported in this area. (Only
half the projects included funding data.) Among the equipment studied were
piledrivers, rotary drills, jackhammers, earthmovers and compressors. The
greatest number of projects was reported from West Germany and the United
Kingdom.
In fourth place is the Consumer Products category, with 23 projects.
Air conditioners and other domestic appliances were considered. Of note is
a series of projects from The Netherlands concerned with the regulation
of domestic appliances.
The last place was shared by Agricultural Machinery, with two situdies
on tractor noise, and Engine Technology and Machine Parts, wit!» two projects.
The latter category is underestimated, however, because of numerous related
projects that were assigned to other categories.
16
-------
FUNDING CHARTS
17
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-------
CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT
EARTHMOVERS AND RELATED EQUIPMENT
See Also Pages:
52
91
73
291
25
-------
Earthmovers and Related Equipment
Japan
Project Title:
The Quieting of the Hydraulic power Shovel.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Kobe Steel, Ltd.
1-3-18 Wakinohama-cho Fukiai-ku
Kobe, Japan
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Toru Abe
Toshimitsu Tanaka
Start Date:
July 1, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated £e
Actual April
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
y Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: $20,000.
COMMENTS:
Many earth moving machines driven by diesel engines are noisy. So we have trouble obeying
the laws on noise when we operate them.
We researched and developed methods to silence the noises generated from a hydraulic power
shovel whose bucket capacity was 0.4 m .
This shovel's noise level was 70 dB(A) at 30m distance, before quieting but it was 55 dB(A),
after being fully silenced. Before and after silencing the same engine was mounted.
We studied and determined, by measuring and calculating, the contribution of airborne noise
sources and solid-borne noise sources of this shovel. Then we identified the noise sources.
Solid-borne noises were reduced by changing engine mount and using "Damplay", which was damping
steel plate.
Cooling system, air intake system and exhaust system noises were quieted by silencers. Exhaust
system was dual system mufflers.
By these improvements, we achieved the goal of 55 dB(A) at 30m distance and 75 dB(A) in the
cab interior. We have no apprehension of over heating. We have no reports open to the public.
Transcribed from the original.
27
-------
Earthmovers and Related Equipment
Poland
Project Title:
Noise and Vibration Abatement in Construction Equipment
Performing Organization Name & Address:
y Instytut Mechanizacji Budownictwa
(Institute of Mechanization in Building
Industry)
Racjonalizacji 6, PL-02-673 Warszawa Poland
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry for Building Industry of Poland
Wspolna 2, PL-00-505 Warszawa Poland
Principal Investigator(s) :
Krzysztof Szymanski D.Sc., Mech. Eng.
Wlodzimierz Rajchert D.Sc., Mech. Eng.
Andrzej Grzejszczyk M.Sc., Mech. Eng.
Start Date:
1964
Completion Date:
Estimated Currently
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
X Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
X Measurement Methodology
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
( ca 1 000 000 zl) $50,200
( ca 1 200 000 zl) $60,240
( ca 1 500 000 zl) $75,300
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS :
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report (s) generated and the date(s) of
publication. )
A. GOALS:
1. Defining of measuring methodology of noise
and vibration of construction and earth-
moving equipment.
2. Noise and vibration measurements at the
operators stand in all types of equipment
produced and used in Poland. .
3. Noise measurements in the surrounding of construction equipment and earthmoving machines
produced and used in Poland .
4. Introducing noise abatement techniques to those machines whose noise and vibration levels
are too high.
5. Co-operation with ISO and Comecon Standarizing Groups in preparing of Drafts and Standards
in the area of noise and vibration of construction equipment and earthmoving machines.
B. REPORTS:
1. Evaluation criteria of noise and vibration emmitted by construction equipment and
earthmoving machines (1967)
2. ditto (rev. 1972)
3. ditto (rev. 1977)
4. Measurement method of noise in the area surrounding construction equipment (1975)
5. Measurement methods of intra- and ultrasound emitted by construction equipment
and earthmoving machines (1975)
Transcribed from the original.
28
-------
Earthmovers and Related Equipment
West Germany
Project Title: Measurement of Mechanical Vibrations in Forestry Vehicles and
at Work Sites of the Lumbet Industry.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Labor Studies
Reinbek, Vorwerksbusch 1
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Jan.1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual .pec..31,1978
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The vibration-induced stress on the driver of the vehicle is
to be evaluated along the three axes of the machine. Conclusions are
to be drawn regarding work organization and conceiving recommendations
that might be submitted to the vehicle industry to prevent future
health damage to drivers.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
29
-------
CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT
COMPRESSORS
31
-------
Compressors
Japan
Project Title:
Noise Suppression for package Type Air Compressor.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Kobe Steel, Ltd.
1-3-18 Wakinohma-cho Fukiai-ku
Kobe, Japan
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Toru Abe
Toshimiutsu Tanaka
Start Date:
May 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated August 1976
Actual October 1976
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
y Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual): $5,000
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast) :
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Noise suppression of package type air compressors is often required because they are placed
in quiet plants in many cases.
The noise level was 78 dB(A) near the package compressor which was driven by a 40 Kw motor.
We started the experimental research to reduce the- noise level to 65 dB(A).
At first, we surveyed the transmission path of the'solid borne noise ana the noise levels
generated from each part of the package surface in order to comprehend how they contributed
to the measuring point. Referring to these results we designed the discharge silencer and
selected the resilient rubber on which to mount the compressor. Next, in order to reduce
the airborne noise we designed the silencer which was attached to the suction port that
provided air for the compressor and motor cooling system.
As the result we achieved the noise level 62 dB(A), lower than the aimed level 65 dB(A). The
increase in cost will be within 50 to 100 dollars.
We have no reports open to the public.
Transcribed from the original.
33
-------
i'rojcct Title:
Compressors
United Kingdom
Development of Production Silenced Oil Injected Screw Air Compressor Plant
,'erforming Organization Name & Address:
COMPAIR INDUSTRIAL LIMITED
P.O. BOX 7,
HIGH WYCOMBE,
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE HP13 5SF
UNITED., .KINGDOM,
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
COMPAIR INDUSTRIAL LIMITED
P.O. BOX 7,
HIGH WYCOMBE,
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE HP13 BSF
UNITED KINGDOM
•rincipal Investigator(s):
G. L. COLLIER
art Date:
DEC, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated SEPT'' 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
x Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
£r Total Funding Amount: (£1O,OOO) $17,196
COMMENTS:
The development of an enclosed and acoustically treated plant to give an average of
sound pressure level of 7O dBA when measured according to the CAGI-PNEUROP Test Code.
Design approach was to distinguish between airborne and structural generated
noise.
Airborne noise was treated by acoustic infill with several designs evaluated in an
acoustic laboratory, of the inlet and exhaust ducting. Absorption coefficients were
obtained for a range of materials.
Structure generated noise assessed by the contribution of individual components. Object
of 7O dBA met.
Internal CompAir report to be written. Paper I.Mech.E., October, 1977.
34
-------
Compressors
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Reduction in Axial-Flow Compressors
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Gutehoffnungshuette Iron Works Sterkrade
Oberhausen 11, Bahnhofstr 66
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry for Labor, Health and Welfare
Duesseldorf
Principal Investigator (s) :
Arno Heinz
Start Date:
Jaiu.1, 1972
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec. 31. 1978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
(500^00.00-D,M,)~ -$212,000
COMMENTS:
Reduction of noise development through structural configuration of the machine -
Screening off of noise generators by developing and integrating of suction - and compression
sound dampers. Screening off of the entire axial-flow compressor installation by using
sound shells.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
35
-------
Compressors
Australia
Project Title:
Application of 'Sound Power' Testing to Silenced Mobile Compressors;,
Performing Organization Name & Address:
COMPAIR [AUSTRALASIA ] LIMITED
34-40 RICKETT3 ROAD,
MOUNT WAVERLEY VICTORIA 3149
AUSTRALIA
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
COMPAIR [AUSTRALASIA] LIMITED.
34-40 RICKETT3 ROAD,
MOUTN WAVERLEY VICTORIA 3149.
AUSTRALIA
Principal Investigator(s):
CHIEF ENGINEER
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
In preparation for any change in market requirements or Tender Specifications
the CompAir [Australasia] Limited range of silenced mobile compressors have
neen noise tested in accordance with ISO Draft Standard 39B1.
36
-------
Compressors
Australia
Project Title:
Development of Silenced Jiobile Air Compressors.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
COMPAIR [AUSTRALASIA] LIMITED,
34_40 RICKETTS ROAD,
MOUNT WAVERLEY VIC 3149
AUSTRALIA
Sponsoring Organization Name £ Address:
COMPAIR [AUSTRALASIA] LIMITED,
34-40 RICKETTS ROAD ,
MOUNT WAVERLEY VIC 3149
AUSTRALIA
Principal Investigator(s):
CHIEF ENBINEER
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
A' Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
CompAir already is successfully manufacturing and marketing a full range 01-
mobile air compressors between SO c.f.m. and 700 c.f.m. silenced to 75 dBA or
70 dBA [ISO 2151].
Since these acoustic levels match current and forseeable market and
legislative requirements, existing and proposed development is aimed
at ensuring units to both degrees of silencing [a] maintain good
accessability for servicing, [b] are fully covered by automatic shut-
down devices which are considered more necessary on silenced units due
to their being completely enclosed and not subject to frequent visual
inspection [c] are provided with external fuel, lubrication and coolant
filling facilities to preclude spillage within the acoustic enclosure.
37
-------
Compressors
USSR
Project Title:
An Aggregate of Sound Suppressing Devices for High Power Centrifugal Compressors
at the Nevskiy Machine Building Plant
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s) :
I. M. Vitrinsky
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
Or Tota.1. Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Noise suppressing facilities, such as vibration absorbent and sound-proof linings, sound proof
engine casings, control zoom and operator's cabin, silencers, portable acoustic barriers, are
described briefly. Most of these facilities were developed by the authors for use with
compressors and pumps produced by the Nevskiy Machine Building Plant. They may be used also
for control of noise from machines produced by other companies, including foreign companies.
Acoustic efficiencies of the facilities are given in the 3 to 45 dB range, depending on the
type of facility and the distance from the machine.
The described facilities were shown to be in compliance with specifications of the hygienic and
sanitary standards.
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
38
-------
Compressors
West Germany
Project Title:
Investigations for Reducing the Noise of Silo Compressors.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Heinrich Gillet KG
PostFach 100
An der Bundesstrasse 38
6732 Edenkoben, West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Transcribed from the original.
39
-------
CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT
SPECIALIZED MINING EQUIPMENT
41
-------
Specialized Mining Equipment
United Kingdom
Proicct Title:
Control of Noise (of Machines and Processes in
the Vicinity of Coal Mining Operations).
Performing Organization Name & Address:
National Coal Board
Mining Research and Development Establishment
Stanhope Bretby
Ashby Road, Barton-on-Trent
TTn-il-grl
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
J. C. Leahy
N. J. Stainer
J. Clements
Start Date:
Nov. 1974
Completion Date:
Estimated Nov. 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
_____ Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (._. 200,000) $343,920
COMMENTS:
To provide data for the design of quieter machines and recommendations for treatment of
existing machines and processes to reduce noise, hazard, and nuisance in the vicinity of
coal mines.
Methods: i. Use of recording and narrow band analysis techniques to identify principal
noise generating mechanisms. ii. Application of existing and novel noise reduction techniques
on an experimental scale in the laboratory and the field to reduce noise at source and identify
practical solutions. iii. Application of sound insulation or isolation techniques where
direct treatment of sources is not practical. Noise sources studied include: percussive and
rotary rock drills, earth-moving vehicles, coal preparation plant, air compressors and
ventilating fans.
Transcribed from the original.
43
-------
Specialized Mining Equipment
Abbreviated Listings
Sweden. Noise Abatement in Mining. Skega AB, 930 40 Ersmark, Sweden.
Type: Development. Prevention of noise generation by using rubber on
surfaces where noise is generated in Mines, Quarries and other stone
handling industries.
West Germany. Development of Low-Noise Technologies in Mining and
Construction; Calculation of the Noise Dosage Distribution in Plant
Hangars. Society for Space Exploration, Koeln 90, Postfach 906027,
West Germany. Sponsor: Federal Minister for Research, and Technology.
July 1, 1974 - Dec. 31, 1977.
West Germany. Improvement of Methods for Measuring Noise Emitted
by Mining Machines. Westphalia Mining Center, Institute of
Geophysics and Study of Noise and Vibrations, Hennerstrasse 45,
Post Fach 2749, 4630 Bochum, West Germany.
44
-------
CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT
GENERAL CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
See Also Pages:
28
44
64
138
140
217
237
291
45
-------
General Construction Equipment
Denmark
Project Title:
Reduction of Noise in Concrete Industry
Performing Organization Name & Address:
ENVIROPLAN A/S
Rustenborgvej 7
DK-2800 Lyngby
Denmark
Sponsoring- Organization Name & Address:
Teknologiradet
Bredgrade 31
DK-1260 K«Sbenhavn K.
Denmark .
Principal Investigator(s) :
Ulrik Danneskiold-Sams^e
S^ren Damgaard Kristensen
Start Date:
Aug. 1, 1977
Completion Date:Mar. 31, 1978
Estimated
Actual
Type,of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
X Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:(130,OOOdkr) $21,437
COMMENTS:
Reduction of noise from a horizontal concrete mixing machine in
order to demonstrate the state of art in noise reduction technology
in the concrete industry.
Transcribed from the original.
47
-------
General Construction Equipment
Denmark
Project Title:
Performing Organization Name & Address:
F. L. Smidth & Co. A/S
Vigerslev Alle 77
2500 Valby
Denmark
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
F. L. Smidth & Co. A/S
Vigerslev Alle 77
2500 Valby
Denmark
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
X Development (Component or System)
X Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
X Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
Amount
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget): (yearly d.kr. 300,000) $49,470
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
F. L. Smidth undertakes general research on the noise field including thorough measuring of
noise levels of all types of cement making machinery as well as development of methods for
abatement and screening of noise etc.
We possess a considerable amount of measuring equipment and have academically educated staff
to carry out the work.
Our expenses are as follows:
2 men, corresponding to Dan.kr. 200,000 per year + replacement of measuring equipment, travels,
relief staff, etc. Dan.kr. 100,000 per year, in total abt. Dan.kr 300,000 per year.
Transcribed from the original.
48
-------
General Construction Equipment
Japan
Project Ti !:!
-------
Project Title:
General Construction Equipment
United Kingdom
Assessment and
Propagation of
Prediction of Noise Frcni Construction Sites/
Noise From Con3truction processes
Performing Organization Name f< Address:
Institute of Sound & Vibration Research
The University of Southampton
Southampton
England
Principal Investigator(s):
Professor J.B. Large
Dr. J.E. Ludlow
Mr. H.S. Gill
Start Datar
1st Apri1
Completion Kate:
Estimated 30 Apri 1
Actual
78
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report (s) generated and the date(s) of
publication. )
Sponsoring Organization Nane a Address:
Science Research Council
State Mouse
Hi gh Holborn
London WC1R *)TA
England
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
X Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or_ Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
( £39,000) $67,064
over four years
A programme of measurement of levels and
effects of noise from construction sites has
been carried out at I SVR since 1972. The
first phase consisted of a noise and social ~
survey conducted around a road construction site in N.W. London . ( 1 ,2 ,3) • This study
aemonsi rated the relationship between noi^e exposure, annoyance due to construction noise and
other attitudes. In 197*1 support was received from the UK Science Research Council for a
study of the characteristics of construction noise exposure, to be supervised by Professor
J.B. Large. Data gathered from noise sources on a range of civil engineering sites were
analysed to yield information on typical levels, spectra and source characteristics, IP
addition propagation of construction noise in realistic situations was studied to provide
the information on rates of attenuation necessary for accurate prediction of construction
noise exposure in realistic conditions such as in embankments and in cuttings CO. Particular
attention was fjiven to noise from impact pile drivers (5) since noise from this source would
appear to niak
-------
General Construction Equipment
West Germany
Project Title:
Development of Integrated Noise Protection Sevices on
Construction Machinery for T'rack Laying.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Federal RR's - Central Office
Munich 2, Arnulfster . 19
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl Ing Klaus Riebold
Start Date:
Jan.1,1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual T)pr T,
.1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
OOODM)S132 ,712
COMMENT^ -
In some machines, particularly in machinery for the processing
of rail ballast, the noise levels are higher than in other track laying
machines. For these noise-intensive machines, integrated noise protection
devices are to be developed in collaboration with the appropriate industry,
tried out in actual operation and their effectiveness is to be assessed.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
51
-------
General Construction Equipment
Abbreviated Listings With Funding
West Germany. Research and Development Trends Toward Low-Noise
Excavation Techniques for Urban Applications. Institute for
Construction Machinery, Karlsruhe University, Karlsruhe, Am
Fasanengarten West Germany. Sponsor: Federal Ministry of the
Interior. Prof. Dr. Ing. Guenter Kuehn. July 1, 1975-Jun. 30,
1976. (540,000 DM) $22896. Reduction of noise by professional
and non-professional installations by establishing objective
emission limits that are graduated in time.
West Germany. Development of Integrated Noise Abatement measures
for Pile Drivers - Investigation of Noise Emission By New Tjrpes
of Pile Drivers. Institute for Construction Machinery and
Operations, Aachen, Templergraben 55, West Germany. Dr. Ing.
Hubert Frenking. Jan. 1, 1975- Dec. 31, 1976. (75,000 DM) $31,800.
Reduction of the noise in professional and non-professional
installations by creation of objective regulations providing for
time-graduated emission limits.
West Germany. Improvement of Environmental impact of machines, in
particular of construction machines. Institute for Construction
Machinery, Karlsruhe, AM Fasanengarten, West Germany Sponsor:
Federal Ministry for the Interior. Sept. 1, 1974- Jun. 30, 1977.
(352,000 DM) $149,248. Measures against the noise by professional
and non-professional installations. Reduction of the noise by
establishing objective emission limits that are graduated in
time by legislative regulations.
52
-------
General Construction Equipment
Netherlands
Project Title:
Noise Requirements for Industrial Equipment.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental
Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
"Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
In this study, data will be obtained that are required for the taking of executive decisions
on the basis of article 2 of the noise nuisance bill with respect to noise production by in-
dustrial equipment which is predominantly used outside of buildings, such as motor chain saws,
dredging tools and the like. In conducting the study, use will be made of data obtained from
earlier studies and, if applicable, data used abroad for establishing noise requirements
and EG guidelines. The study will concern types or categories of industrial equipment under
typical conditions of use, the pertinent noise levels, the measuring methods used, and other
possible aspects for the establishment of specifications and the requirements imposed for
operating controls.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
53
-------
General Construction Equipment
Netherlands
Project Title:
Noise Requirements on Construction Machinery.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
And Sociale Zaken
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
In the framework of this study, the necessary data will be obtained for establishing
executive decisions on the basis of article 2 of the noise nuisance bill with regard
to noise production by construction machinery. In conducting the study, use will be
made of data obtained in an earlier study, and if applicable, of data used abroad
for establishing noise requirements and EG guidelines. The study will pertain to
a type or category of construction machines under the typical conditions of use,
the existing noise levels, the measuring methods used, and other possible relevant
aspects for the specifications being established, as well as for the requirements
that will be imposed on operating controls.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
54
-------
General Construction Equipment
Switzerland
Project Title:
Noise Measurement of Construction Machines
Performing Organization Name & Address:
The Gartenman Engineer A.G. Company
Laubeggstrasse 22
3006 Bern, Switzerland
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Office for Environmental Protection
3003 Bern, Switzerland
Principal Investigator(s):
Herrn H.P. Zeugin
Herrn Iseli
Herrn Dr. Rathe
Start Date:
1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The measuring of noise of a variety of construction machine types should render practical
measurement test work, as regulated by the task group "Limitation of noise from construction
machines."
Translated and transcribed from the original German.
55
-------
General Construction Equip.
USSR
Project Title:
Universal Molding Plant with Improved Noise and Vibration Characteristics
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Presearch
Institute of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s) :
Ya. A. Leydman F. G. Braude
I. I. Nabokin 0. A. Osmakov
A. I. Mytsyk
Yu. A. Dzhaparidze
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Surrjnary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
A universal plant for molding concrete mix into various concrete products is described.
The plant was designed by the standard research office of the Main Administration of Major
Constructions of the Ministry of Transportation on the basis of research by the authors.
The plant was constructed and tested in production of reinforced concrete structures, such
as staircase flights, panels and prestressed reinforced concrete sleepers. The noise
frequency spectra show that noise level from the described plant was by 1.6 to 1.75 factor
lower (93 to 96 dBA) than noise level from conventional vibroplates produced in the USSR
(100 to 104 dBA). The plant compresses efficiently concrete mixes of various composition
either in impact mode operation at 25 Hz frequency or in vibration mode operation at 50 Hz
frequency.
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
56
-------
General Construction Equipment
Abbreviated Listings
United Kingdom. Prediction and Monitoring of Noise Construction Sites.
Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Crowthorne, Berkshire, United Kingdom.
This project aims at collecting information about costs of noise control at
construction sites and other data needed to help in the enactment of the pro-
visions to control the noise of construction and demolition under the control
of Pollution Act.
United Kingdom. Construction Equipment: Dumper and Nibbler. Building
Research Establishment, Aylesbur, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom. Research
has already produced two quiet devices. One is the quiet dumper with a noise
reduction of 10 dBA from engine compartment, and the other device is a nibbler
which breaks concrete quietly. Work is also in progress to study the quieting
of pile driving.
West Germany. Development of Emission Values in Construction Machines -
Elaboration of Scientific - Technical Principles for the Formulation of
Regulations under the Federal Legislation on Emission Protection. Institute
for Construction Machinery and Construction Operations, Aachen, Templergraben 55,
West Germany. Dr. Ing. Hubert Frenking. January 1, 1975 - December 31, 1977.
Measurements of che emission by construction machines with due regard for new
construction and machines with better emission characteristics. Verification of
standard levels with regard to transferability into the "eg" - domain by the
use of an altered eg—uniform measurement technique.
West Germany. Development of Means for Noise Reduction for Pile Drivers,
Hydraulic Drill, Radial Fan, and Transport Systems. Rahrkohle, Essen c/o GRW in
DRVLR,Koeln, West Germany. Sponsor: Federal Ministry of Research and Development.
1974-1977.
57
-------
CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT
BREAKERS AND DRILLS
See Also Page:
167
59
-------
-------
Breakers and Drills
Australia
Project Title:
Pneumatic Rock Drill Noise
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Department of Mechanical Engineering
University of Queensland
St. Lucia, Qld. 4067
Australia
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Australian Mineral Industries Research Association
Ltd.
P.O. Box 310
Carlton South, Vic. 3053, Australia
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. R. J. Hooker
Start Date:
1972
Completion Date:
Estimated -\
Actual
Q77
Project Sunanary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
X Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: ($38,000) $42,180
COMMENTS:
The goal is to produce a practical pneumatic rock drill which is substantially quieter than
existing drills. The approach is to review the working cycle of the drill, by experiment
and simulation and hence devise an inherently quiet operation. In addition, a re-designed
layout is proposed.
One publication has been released:-
R. J. Hooker, R. H. Rumble & M. H. Andrews "Experimental study of noise from a pulsed jet",
Proc. Noise Shock Vib. Conf. Monash University, 1974.
61
-------
Breakers and Drills
France
Project Title:
Noise From Pneumatic Hammers
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INKS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
M. T. Ho
H. Leblond
G. Andre
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1. REASONS FOR THE STUDY
Environmental regulations set a limit of 100 dB(A) (average of 5 points per 1 m) acoustic
pressure level emitted by stitcher hammers. This noise level is still to high, especially for
the worker operating the hammer. It is thus of interest to see to what extent it would be
possible to reduce further the noise emitted by stitcher hammers.
2.
CONTENTS OF THE STUDY - METHODOLOGY
It is important to note that the problem is a difficult one, for the limit of 100 dB(A)
already corresponds to certain tools that are acoustically treated: coverings, use of an
escape silencer.
In a first stage, it is important to try to identify the different noise sources and to
evaluate their acoustic force in different types of hammers. Thus, it will be possible to
learn the limit of the residual levels towards which one should work in applying various sound-
proofing techniques. If this limit is clearly lower than 100 dB(A), i.e. if the gains we might
expect are significant, then the INKS might consent to a great effor t in the hopes of obtaining
an improvement.
3. STATE OF PROGRESS
The study of noise radiated by treated and untreated hammers yielded emission levels between
98 dB(A) and 108 dB(A).
The treated hammers have an escape silencer, and their level varies between 98 and 103 dB(A),
approximately. Identification of the noise sources, as well as evaluation of their acoustic
force, has been completed.
This identification, performed on three conventional hammers of average size, has shown
that a level of 96 dB(A) could be obtained by means of various treatments.
62
-------
4. PURSUIT OF THE STUDY
The already completed identification of the noise sources will be complemented by a more
detailed study of the vibration modes and the acoustic radiation of the needles.
All the results of this study and the study of the reduction of vibrations transmitted by
pneumatic hammers make it posssible to envision the development of relatively silent and low-
vibration hammer. The development of such a hammer will be undertaken in cooperation with a
French manufacturer.
63
-------
Project Title:
Breakers and Drills
United Kingdom
Evaluation and Improvement of Construction Plant
To Encourage the Development of Quieter and More Efficient PlantA.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Building Research Establishment
Building Research Station
Bucknalls Lane
Garston, Watford
Herts-WC? -7J5 United Kingdom
Principal Investigator(s):
Mr D E Sexton
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated 1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) "enerated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsot'lng Organization Name a Address:
Type of Research Program:
____ Fundamental
x Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Studies of quieter demolition equipment will be pursued including trials of
an improved muffler for a hand-held concrete breaker and the next stage of
development of a crane-mounted Nibbler for demolishing beams, floors and
walls. The development of an acoustic shield for reducing the noise of sheet
pile driving with a pneumatic hammer will continue and the results of the
quieter Dumper work will be exploited.
f-.li
-------
Breakers and Drills
USSR
Project Title:
Design of High-Efficiency Silencer of Noise from Hand-Operated Compressed
Air Machines
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute of
Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s):
D. Kh. Slobodnik
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Project Sunanary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual) :
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Acoustic efficiency of a noise silencer for hand-operated compressed air machine was formulated
as a function of structural characteristics of the silencer. The formulas are derived for
efficiency of a silencer with one or several apertures and a silencer with a capillary aperture
(0.01 to 0.04 cm. wide slit). The formulas are to be used for engineering -calculation of
silencers. Experimental determination is described of the ratio K of acoustic energy loss in
an aperture to energy emitted into environment. A table shows calculated and experimental
acoustic efficiencies in dB for slit silencers with 1 to 4 x10 m. wide slits. It is
concluded that the data calculated from the theoretical formulas are in good agreement with
the experimental data (maximum discrepancy is 2 dB).
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
65
-------
Breakers and Drills
Abbreviated Listings
United Kingdom. Pile Driving and Hand-Held Concrete Breaker. Building
Research Establishment, Aylesbur, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom.
66
-------
MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
WOODWORKING MACHINERY
See Also Page:
287
67
-------
Woodworking Machinery
Australia
"project Titl^:
Noise Control for Circular and Band Saws
Performing Organization Name & Address:
The University of Adelaide,
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
G.P.O. Box 498,
Adelaide. S.Aust. 5001.
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. D.A. Bies
Dr. M. Zockel
Mr. S. Page
Start Date:
March '77
Completion Date:
Estimated '79
Actual
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Department of Labour & Industry,
S.A. Government,
Adelaide.
Type of Research Program:
_X_ Fundamental
_X_ Development (Component or System)
X Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
Amount
1976 (actual): This is part of work sponsored by
1977 (budget): Dept. of Labour & Industry grant
1978 (forecast);for($50,000)per year for 1977,
L9Z.8,. 197.9..
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
The aims of this project are:
(a) to identify and quantify the noise
sources e.g. blade, workpiece and windage.
(b) to evaluate techniques already reported in literature and internally generated ideas from
the point of view of cost effectiveness and engineering practicality
(c) to summarise these results in a report from which industry can choose the most suitable
noise control technique for their situation.
At present only circular blades are being investigated with a view of damping the blade by
either air pads, viscoelastic means or an alternative support for the blade from what is
presently standard practice. It is intended to measure the amplitude of vibration of the blade
while cutting using a Laser Doppler Velocimeter developed in the Department as well as various
techniques for mode identification. The Laser Doppler Velocimeter will also be used to obtain
a better understanding of the noise radiation mechanism from band saws.
The work on the noise radiated from the workpiece will begin in July 1977 and this will of
course have a much wider application than simply saw noise.
Windage noise is expected to be investigated in 1978.
The only results so far have been with a 300 mm diam. rip saw using 0.25 mm slim steel discs
attached to the blade with adhesive. A maximum noise reduction of 10 dBA was achieved.
69
-------
Woodworking Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Noise Reduction of Nailers
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ingemansson Acoustics
Box 93037
S-40014 Gothenburg, Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Nordisk Kartro
Box 99
S-12321 Farsta, Sweden
Principal Investigator (s) :
Hasse Moss
Hans Elvhamman
Start Date:
Jan. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Continuous
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
x Development (Component or System)
___ Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (Scr. $70,000.) $15,771.
COMMENTS:
Noise from nailers reduced with respect to damage risk for hearing (peak level). Different
kinds of nailers. Continuously reported to the sponsoring organization.
Transcribed from the original.
70
-------
Woodworking Machinery
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Reduction of Noise from Circular Sawing (Mainly Timber but applicable also to metal)
Performing Organisation Name & Address:
SOUND RESEARCH LABORATORIES LIMITED
HOLBROOK HALL
LITTLE WALDINCFIELD
SUDBURY SUFFOLK C010 0151
Principal Investigator(s):
T P C BRAMER (MR)
Start Date:
JAN 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated .TAN 1978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
The project is to gather together
previous and present on-going research
into circular sawing noise reduction.
Main objective is a practical and
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Department of Trade and Industry
Abell House
John Islip Street
London _SVUPjiLH
UlLJ-UI-iU—J^l.HKU^m
Type of Research Program
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (£35,OOOl$60186
COMMENTS:
economical noise reduction by modifications
to present techniques and machines rather
than by radical changes.
No publication yet.
71
-------
Woodworking Machinery
United Kingdom
Project Title: industrial Noise: Investigation of Methods
Establishments.
of Noise Control in Woodworking
-Performing Organization Name & Address:
Production Engineering Research Association
Melton
Leicestershire LE13 OPB
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
K. Healiss
Start Date:
Jan. 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated March 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (tlO.OOO - I 25,000)
~ $1
COMMENTS:
To investigate feasible methods of reducing the exposure to noise of personnel in woodworking
environments, involving detailed studies and measurements in a number of woodworking companies.
In addition, the production processes are studied, in relation to plant layout, production
planning and the manning of machines. Noise control measures will be determined in conjunction
with machinery users and builders and the results of implementation of recommendations will
be analysed. The final report will include the results and recommendations and an analysis
of the technical feasibility and costs of the various recommendations.
Transcribed from the original.
72
-------
Woodworking Machinery
West Germany
Project Title: Th_e p-ropagation of the hoise Generated by Forest Vehicles and
operations of the Lumber Industry in Certain Types of stands or Terrain Contours,
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Labor Studies of the
Federal Res. Inst. for Forestry,
Lumber and Economy
Reinbek, Vorwerkbusch 1
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Foundation of the Society for
Labor Studies in Forestry
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Gerhard Kaminsky
Start Date:
Jan.1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual nP
31 .197«
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
^To tal JPundlngJbDOunt: j9Q^ QQ ODM) $38,16_0
COMMENTS:
Determination of noise registers in installations of the
lumber industry and the environment of lumber-processing enterprises.
Identification of the damaging areas. Proposal for the reduction of noise
impact.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
73
-------
Woodworking Machinery
West Germany
Project Title: Determination of the Noise
Lumber Processing.
Emission by Production Liner for
Performing Crg.miration Name & Address:
Institute for Machine Tools and
Finishing Technique
Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 19
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ingl. Ernst Salje
Start Date:
Oct.1,1975
Bip ' e t Ion Date :
Estimated Oct.31,1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Addret
German Research Society
Research Directorate Machine
Construction
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype.
Production)
Measurement Methodology
i''unding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
£r Total Funding Amount: (200,OOODM)$84,800
COMMENTS:
Determination of the state of technology in regard
to noise emission by production liner for lumber processing.
Classification of individual machines in the production line
in respect to their noise generation. Reduction of noise on
those machines.
Translated and transcribed from the original
74
-------
Woodworking Machinery
West Germany
Project Title:
Effect Levels on Noise Emission in Hot and Cold Saws and
for Noise .Abatement.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Operations Research. Institute
Duesseldorf, Sohnstr, 65
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Minister for Research
and Technology
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl Ing. Dirk Pannhausen
Start Date:
July 1,1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Dec.31.1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (450,OOODM) $190,800
COMMENTS:
Aim J,s to determine th.e affect levels on noise generation in
hot and cold saws in order to deduce constructive alteration proposals.
In selected tests on one saw the effect levels are measured systematically,
Genesis, propagation and radiation are studied on saws of various
constructions and outputs. The changes worked out in laboratory tests
are then tried out in actual practice.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
75
-------
Woodworking Machinery
Australia
Project Title:
Noise Measurement in the Timber Industry.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Division of Building Research
CSIRO
P. 0. Box 56
Highett, Vic. 3190 Australia
Principal Investigator (s) :
W. A. Davern
E. P. Lhuede
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year_
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1. Sawmilling Noise Studies
(a) A previous survey carried out in sawmills indicated that the levels of noise in Australian
timber mills could lead to a loss of hearing of machine operators. Further detailed investiga-
tions are being conducted to establish more accurately the numbers of workers at risk, and the
degree of hazard associated with various items of sawmilling machinery. For some benches, the
degree of hazard has been found to be substantially greater than formerly estimated.
(b) Investigation of the noise generation process with wide band saws and the larger diameter
circular saws are being investigated as these are a major noise source in Australian timber
mills. The surface speed of band saws has been found to influence the noise generated when
the saw is not cutting; thus, one particular saw operating at a speed of 23 m/sec. produced
a non-cutting noise level some 8 dB lower than normally encountered with similar diameter
saws operating at 30-35 m/sec.
(c) As a first step in improving the noise environment for sawmill operators, recommendations
relating to design of planer enclosures, operator screens and booths, and of exhaust silencers
have been published.
2. A survey was carried out in five particleboard mills as part of a study of noise in Austra-
lian forest based industries. The smaller diameter circular saws which are used widely for board
cutting in this industry and flaking machines were identified as major noise sources. The numbers
of operators involved, however, is relatively small in relation to the timber industry. As par-
ticleboard plants are sometimes operated on a 3-shift basis, the problem of plant noise and com-
munity annoyance has come into prominence.
Reports:
Noise in Particleboard Plants by E.P. Lhuede and W.A. Davern.
Division of Building Research Technical Paper
(Second Series) No. 16, 1977.
Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation, Australia.
Noise Reduction for the Operator in Industry, by W.A. Davern and E.P. Lhuede.
at Fourth Acoustic Conference in New Zealand, Wellington, N.Z. March 1977.
Paper presented
Transcribed from the original.
76
-------
Woodworking Machinery
France
Project Title:
Noise From Planing Machines
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INKS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
M. T. Ho
H. Leblond
G. Andre
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication. )
1. REASONS FOR THE STUDY
The level of noise due to planing machines
is generally found to be between 95 to 105
dB (A). Even greater values have been found
in the case of machines of greater power. The
Year
Funding:
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Reginal Banks have drawn attention to this problem several times.
2. CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
The noise emitted by an empty planing machine is essentially due to the rotation of the
tool in the air and the passage of the knives in front of the working tables. When the machine
is loaded, the noise of the machining of the wood is added to this aerodynamic noise.
Various systems have been proposed to reduce noise emission:
- use of perforated or toothed rims
- use of a specially-shaped air-guide
- use of spiral knives.
The last are difficult to manufacture and sharpen.
The study consists of verifying the acoustic efficiency and effectiveness of toothed rims
and the air guides.
A theoretical study on the aerodynamic noise of the tool will be done to effect a better
understanding of the emission mechanism and to optimize the usable reduction devices. No
device will be recommended by the INKS if it is not certain that its use will involve no
supplementary risk of accident or injury.
3. STATE OF PROGRESS
Tests have been done on various planing machines at the INRS. For a small machine, empty,
with a rotation speed of a rather high level (7,200 t/min), the level was 96 dB (A) without
suction and 104 dB (A) with suction.
Toothed edges make it possible to reduce these levels to 84 dB (A), thus a gain of 13 dB,
and air-guides of an appropriate shape to 84 dB (A) (or a gain of 12 dB).
For a machine of greater power, with a rotation speed of 5,000 t/min, the level when the
machine is empty, without suction, is 92 dB (A), suction causing an increase of about 2 dB.
The toothed rims tested reduced the emitted noise to 89 dB (A). The use of special air-
guides seems to yield a gain of about 8 dB (A) over the initial level.
The noise level of the machine without the table under the same conditions is 82 dB (A).
As concerns the use of toothed rims, the Swiss Health Insurance Bank has confirmed that
the use of these rims in 50 machines has not thus far caused an particular problem.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
77
-------
4. CONTINUATION OF THE STUDY
The reduction achieved by the two devices was quite significant, so they will
continue to be studied. Specifically, their effectiveness when the machine is
loaded and their effect on the spiration of shavings remains to be verified.
The theoretical study will perhaps make it possible to optimize the shape and form
of the air-guides. The first air—guide is connected to the planer's movable table by
a mechanism that allows it to retain its level of efficiency regardless of the
adjustment of the moving table. A very viable version of this mechanism remains
to be found.
All the above work may continue until the end of 1977.
78
-------
Woodworking Machinery
France
Project Title:
Noise From Molding Machines
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INKS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
M. T. Ho
H. Leblond
G. Andre
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
and to recommend, insofar as
Project Suirjnary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
1. REASONS FOR THE STUDY
This study was undertaken at the initia- -
tive of the INRS. It is part of a set of
projects aimed at finding out about the noise
levels emitted by various machines used in the
wood industry: circular saw, planer, molding machine, etc.
possible, means of reducing these noise levels.
2. CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
The study consists of determining initially the noise levels emitted by these machines
when they are loaded and when they are empty. Knowledge of these levels will make it possible
to compare the molding machine to two,other very noisy machines, to find out about the circular
saw and the planer, and to recommend rules for placement of these machines in the same workshop.
The object is to avoid the possibility that a gain in silence made with one machine, such as
the circular saw, for example, could be neutralized by the presence of another machine, whose
noise level cannot be reduced.
Although the problem appears to be very difficult, we will attempt to determine whether
there are other possibilities of reducing the noise of molding machines.
3. STATE OF PROGRESS
Only a few preliminary measurements have been made. The results of these measurements,
as well as those found in the literature, seem to indicate that in general, molding machines
are less noisy than circular saws and no more noisy than planers. Thus, in a workshop where
these three types of machines are used, the gains obtained on one of the two latter types can
be safeguarded even if it is not known how the noise of molding machines can be reduced,
under the condition that certain precautions are taken during installation of the machines.
4. CONTINUATION OF THE STUDY
This study has been suspended until the study on planing machine noise has progressed
further, or until the end of 1977.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
79
-------
Woodworking Machinery
West Germany
Project Title:
Environmental Impact of Mechanical Lumber Industry
Her formingOrganizaJ-lon. Name § Address:
Institute for Wood Physics and the
Mechanical Technology of Wood of the Federal
Research Center for Forest and Lumber Economy
Hamburg 80,
Leuchnerstr, 91C
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Arno Fruehwald
Start Date:
Jan. 1, 1973
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Although the lumber industry is considered environmentally benign in com-
parison to other branches of industry, there are now in isolated cases considerable
problems owing to the emission of dust and noise. In the long run, these problems
can be eliminated only by changing existing — or introducing new processing techniques.
A study and quantification of present environmental impact aims at evaluating such
changed techniques; to initiate such efforts; and to provide responsible authorities
with documentation for objective judgements.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
80
-------
Woodworking Machinery
Abbreviated Listings
France. Fractional Means of Reducing Noise at Work Places; Wood-
Sawing Machines with Circular Blades (proposal). Council of Europe,
67006 Strasbourg Cedex, France. Sub-Committee on Industrial Safety
and Health (Engineering questions). Sponsor: Council of Europe,
67006 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
Sweden. Reduction of Noise Generated in Sawmill Machinery. Swedish
Forest Products, Research Laboratory, Box 5604 S-114, 86 Stockholm 5,
Sweden. March 1973 - Feb. 1977. The aim of this project is to ascer-
tain how noise is generated and what machinery conditions can be in-
fluenced with a view to reducing the noise level.
Sweden. Sound Dampened Saw. Gomex Verktyg AB, Box 83, S-381 01 Kalmar,
Sweden. G. Wikner. Type: Development. 1972 - 1976. Reduces noise
at idling and cutting with 5-10 dB(A) compared to conventional saws.
The ready product is introduced in our marketing program consisting of
saws for the woodworking - plastic and metal industries.
Sweden. Sound Dampened Helical Cutter Head. AB Nora-Gomex, Kvarnvagen,
S-713 00 NORA, Sweden. J. Danielsen. 1975 - 1977. Type: Development
(Component). Reduces noise in machines for planing and thicknessing.
The products have been exhibited at the Ligna fair in May 77 and tests
in different applications and machines are carried out.
United Kingdom. Noise Reduction Technique for Router. Princes Ris-
borough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Burks, United
Kingdom. J.N. Smithies. Sponsor: Health & Safety Executive, 403-405
Edgemoor Road, London, United Kingdom. July 1976 — December 1976.
Type: Development, Demonstration.
United Kingdom. Noise Reduction Techniques for Circular Saws. Princes
Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Bucks, United King-
dom. J.N. Smithies. Sponsor: Health & Safety Executive, 403-405 Edge-
moor Road, London, United Kingdom. Feb. 1976 - July 1976. Type: Develop-
ment, Demonstration. Practical means of reducing circular saw noise by
damping and local partial enclosure.
West Germany. Noise Research and Noise Reduction in Circular Saws for
Lumber Industry. Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Techno-
logy of Braunschweig Tech. Univ., Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 19, West
Germany. Prof. Dr. Ing. Ernst Salje. Jan. 1, 1976. Reduction of idling
and cutting noise in circular saws and scoring saws used for lumber pro-
cessing. The considerable reduction is achieved by alterations in the main
blade.
West Germany. Possibilities of Reducing Noise Emission by Lumber Pro-
cessing Machinery. Inst. for the Physics & Behavioral Tech. of Wood, Fed.
Research Inst. for Forestry and Lumber Economy, Hamburg 80, Leuschnerstr.
91C West Germany. Prof. Dr. Noack.
81
-------
MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
TEXTILE MACHINERY
83
-------
Textile Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Development of New Machinery and Improvement of Existing Ones
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Working Party Against Noise in the Machine
Cover Industry
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
ASF-Sweden
Moelndalsvaegen 85
412 85 Goeteborg, Sweden
Principal Investigator(s):
Maths-Olof Hoernsten
Start Date:
Jan, 1, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Dec. 31, 1976
Funding:
Year
Amount
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
1976 (actual): (220,000 Skr) $49,566
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
A joint working party, of machine producers and union, is composed to develop new machinery
and to improve existing ones. Member organizations include Clothing Workers Union, Nordisk
Maskinfilt AB, Wallbergs Fabriks AB, and Scandiofelt Ltd.
Trnascribed from the original.
85
-------
Textile Machinery
United Kingdom
Project Title: i
of Working Environments in the Knitting Industries by Reduction
of process Noise
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Hatra,
7 Gregory Boulevard,
Nottingham, England
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
G. M. Coles
Start Date:
October
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated qR
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
x Development (Component or System)
x Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
_L9_Z8
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
(_ £49,000) _$8_42_60_
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
In the United Kingdom a definition of
an acceptable working environment in terms
of noise was first provided by the 'Code of
practice for reducing the exposure of
employed persons to noise' of 1972, and it is anticipated that forthcoming legislation within
the scope of the Health and Safety at Work, etc., Act of 1974 will be based en this definition.
Survey work carried out by Hatra has shown that a number of processes commonly found in
the knitting industries produce working environments having noise levels above these standards,
the most significant contraventions being in the fields of seamless hose knitting, fully-
fashioned garment knitting, and garment steam pressing. The proposed project is aimed at the
development of noise reduction techniques for the second and third of these specific classes
of equipment in order that Government standards can be achieved in a manner acceptable within
the context of the operational needs of the industry. (The first category referred to,
seamless hose knitting, has already been the subject of a Hatra research programme).
The work involved in the project falls into four major stages in each of the two cases to
be considered; the first stage, comprising a detailed assessment of the types of noise gene-
ration mechanism involved and their separate relevance to the overall problem, will be based
on machines currently available at Hatra. From the results of this type of detailed scrutiny,
the second stage, the application of noise control methods as and where applicable,will
result. The third stage, covers laboratory assessment of these techniques as applied to
the Hatra machines, and the fourth, final, stage would involve field trials of suitable
developments in conjunction with a co-operating knitting company.
86
-------
Textile Machinery
West Germany
Projec e. study and Determination of Measures for Noise Abatement on Our Spinning
Frames and Drawing Frames
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Fried. Krupp Corp.
Bremen 71, Fargerstr. 130
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator (s) :
Gerhard Rehme
Start Date:
Jan.l, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec. 31. 1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual)
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
.(300, QPO_ DM)_ $127,200
COMMENTS:
In 1976, governmental regulations on maximum admissible noise levels at
the work site are becoming effective, which affect a part of our machine program;
namely, open-end spinning frames, intersecting gill boxes and ring spinners. The
required measures can only be found through a systematic study of the noise problem.
It is planned to test damping procedures on the basis of noise analyses, some of
which have already been completed, on certain structural elements and then to
adopt the optimum measures still to be determined.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
87
-------
Textile Machiner}?
Abbreviated Listings
United Kingdom. Reduction of Noise in the Textile Industry.
Health and Safety Executive, London, United Kingdom. 1977.
United Kingdom. Garment and Allied Industries. Dept. of Industry,
London, United Kingdom. Noise reduction in knitting machines.
Noise in the wool industry. 1977.
-------
MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
METAL WORKING EQUIPMENT
See Also Pages:
159
212
287
89
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Australia
Project Title:
Noise Control in Impulsive Operations
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Monash University
Layton, Vic, Australia
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Leonard L. Koss
Start Date:
1973
Completion Date:
Estimated Continuing
Actual
Type of Research Program:
x Fundamental
x Development (Component or System)
x Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
x Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget): ($500.00) $555.
1978 (forecast): ($500.00) $555.
Or Total Funding Amount: ($1,500.00) $1,665.
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
The purpose of the Project is to develop
methods of reducing impulsive noises. Con-
sequently, the areas of investigation has
been broken up into the following:
1. Punch Press Operations
2. Solid Body Acceleration
3. Noise Analysis Procedures.
Basic phenomenology is being looked at with regard to developing practical methods of
noise reduction.
Publications:
Koss, L. L. and Alfredson, R. J. "Multiple Input Correlation Theory and the Lease Square
Method for the Analysis of Transient Sound". Letter to Editor, JSV, 32C3), 1974, p423-427,
Koss, L. L. and Alfredson, R. J. "Identification of Transient Sound Sources on a Punch Press"
JSV, 34(1), 1974, pll-33.
Koss, L. L. and Alfredson, R. J. "Transient Sound Radiated by Spheres Undergoing an Elastic
Collision". JSV, 27(1), 1973, p59-75.
Koss, L. L. "Application of Transient Acoustic Fields to Noise Control". Monash Uni., MMER
Koss, L. L. "Vibrational Analysis of a Punch Press", Noise, Shock & Vibration Conf held at
Monash Uni., May 22-25, 1974, p445-456.
Koss, L. L. "Transient Sound from Colliding Spheres-Normalized Results", JSV, Vol 36
No. 4, 1974, p541-553. '
Koss, L. L. "Transient Sound from Colliding Spheres-Inelastic Collisions", JSV Vol 36
No. 4, 1974, p555-562. '
Koss, L. L. "Noise from Two, Four and Eight Ton Punch Presses", Vibration & Noise Control
Engineering Conference, held at Sebel Town House, Sydney, October 11-12, 1976.
Alfredson, R. J. "Noise Source Identification and Control of Noise in Punch Presses"
Reduction of Machinery Noise", Purdue University, December 10-12, 1975. '
cXoss, L. L. "Punch Press Load-Radiation Characteristics", Accepted for Publication in Noise
Control Engineering, Spring 1977.
Koss, L. L. and Tang, Y. A. "Analysis of Noise from a 23 Ton Punch Press and Methods of
Noise Reduction". To be Presented at the Australian Conference on Manufacturing Engineering
Adelaide, August 1977.
Transcribed from the original.
91
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Metal Working Machinery
Norway
•vojcet Til-lc:
Noise in round ry Indus try
:'erf Drilling Orgni.i zation Kami: 6 Address:
National inst. of Technology,
P.box 8116 Oslo dep. 'Oslo 1
Norway.
.-rdncipal Investigator (s) :
01e J. Krudtaa ,
Hans Fjerdingstad,
. tart i)ate:
I.Jan.1975
pjot ion Date
E.stir.iatcd
Actual
rojcct Sui'jnnry: (I'.rit-rJy describe the
oals, approach, expected or actual results,
ejport(n) goneiated and the date(s) of
ah] Jcat ton. )
SpO:is
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Scotland
Project Title:
Press Noise Reduction
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Paisley College of Technology
High Street
Paisley
Renfrewshire
-Scotland
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. A. M. Petrie
Start Date:
Feb. 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated Feb. 1979
Actual
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (E5OOO)
COMMENTS:
$8,598
Jj-rom the available literature it is clear that there is not sufficient data to construct
a general model which will predict the noise level from a range of presses. The purpose
^f this project is to assess the methods of measurement, recording and analysis of the
rorces and acoustic output associated with various components of a range of punch presses
an order to establish a method for predicting the overall acoustic output.
93
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Noise Reduction of Excenter presses
-Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ingemansson Acoustics
Box 53037
S-40014 Gothenburg, Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Arbetarskyddsfonden
Sveavagen 166
S-11346 Stockholm, Sweden
Principal Investigator(s) :
Roger Ekstroem
Peter Bengtsson
Hans Elvhammar
Start Date:
Dec. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Sept. 1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication. )
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
x. Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (Scr. $99,000.) $11,040.
COMMENTS:
Reduction of impulsive noise from excenter presses with the aid of special dampers. Published
as messages from Arbetsgruppen mot buller inom Verkstadsindustgin.
Transcribed from the original.
94
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Improvement of workplace Noise from cutting Tools
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ingemansson Acoustics
Box 53037
S-40014 Gothenburg, Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Arbetarskyddsfonden
Sveavagen 166
S-11346 Stockholm, Sweden
Principal Investigator (s) :
Hans Elvhammar
Hasse Moss
Start Date:
Dec. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec. 1978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or_ Total Funding Amount
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Reduction of ttiise from Sheet Tooling
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ingemansson Acoustics
Box 53037
S-40014 Gothenburg, Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Arbetarskyddsfonden
Sveavagen 166
S-11346 Stockholm, Sweden
Principal Investigator(s):
Hans Elvhammar
Roger Ekstroem
Peter Bengtsson
Start Date:
Dec. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated June 1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (Scr. $100,000.) $22,530.
COMMENTS:
Noise from metal sheet tooling is studied with certain attention to hand shop tools and their
modification in order to reduce noise. Result published as messages from Arbetsgruppen mot
buller inom Verkstadsindustrin.
Transcribed from the original.
96
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Reducing Noise by Changing Over to Hydraulic Methods. Preliminary Study.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
IFM-Akustikbyran AB
Box 30021
400 43 Goeteborg, Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Styrelsen faer teknisk at veckling
Pack
100 72 Stockholm, Sweden
Principal Investigator(s):
Lars Nordlund
Start Date:
Sept. 1, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
X Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Sept. 30. 1977
Funding:
Project Surnaary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report (s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
The effort to combat noise in industrial plants
has, to a great extent, so far been aimed at
constructive changes in machinery and at the
enclosure of noisy phases of the work. In
cases where this has not been possible, only the
on the premises has been used. Sledge-hammering
often been accepted as unavoidable.
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (50>000 sKr-)
— $11,265
COMMENTS:
possibility of introducing absorbents and screens
for the straightening of sheet metal, etc., has
This study makes a comparison between noise-reducing effects and costs in sound absorption and
the transition to hydraulic methods for the straightening of sheet metal. The study only includes
one test sample from the manufacturing industries. In this test sample it was estimated that
twice as big a noise reduction (4 dB(A)/2 dB(A)) at 40% of the cost (60,000.-/150,000.-Sw. Crowns
$13,518-$33,795) could be achieved when the efforts are aimed at changing the work methods rather
than the physical plant.
The cost of hydraulic equipment necessary in order to achieve the same results as in the test
was estimated to be quite moderate. Some of the costs could probably be covered by savings in
the form of shortened production time.
The stated noise reductions refer to equivalent noise levels. By changing over to hydraulic
methods for the straightening of sheet metal, the loudest impulse sounds are eliminated. This
is of great importance considering the risk of hearing loss.
Publication
Report 13 6056,01 "Reducing Noise by Changing Over to Hydraulic Methods. Preliminary Study".
September 1977.
Translated and transcribed from the original Swedish.
97
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Combating Noise at Electric Steel Plants
Performing Organization Name & Address:
IFM-Akustikbyran AB
Box 30021
400 43 Goeteborg, Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Arbetarskyddsfonden
Wenner-Gren Center
Sveavaegen 166
113 46 Stockholm, Sweden
Principal Investigator(s):
Lars Nordlund
Start Date:
July 1, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated June 30, 1979
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
X Development (Component or System)
X Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
Amount
1976 (actual): (125,000 sKr) $28,162
1977 (budget): (280,000 sKr) $ 63,084
1978 (forecast): ?
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The project is intended to develop practical constructions and measures in order to decrease
the noise at electric steel plants, mainly by combating the noise of arc furnaces at the source.
The project is also aimed at noise-producing mechanisms and factors which may produce noise
in arc furnaces. In addition, there will be a development, evaluation and compilation of
engineering procedures aimed at decreasing the spread of noise in steel plants. Finally the
increased automation and other significant changes in future steel plants will be evaluated
with regard to noise. The experiences gained are to be distributed among the planning,
operational and safety personnel of the steel plants as well as to furnace manufacturers,
acoustics consultants, university institutes and.others who might be interested. The objective
of the project is to obtain necessary knowledge and technical means so that those combinations
of noise combating measures may be chosen, which, at the lowest possible cost, will be able
to achieve a projected level for existing as well as for new installations.
Publication
Report 13 6028.01-07: "Combating Noise at Electric Steel Plants'
(Excerpted reports).
September 76 - September 77
Translated and transcribed from the original Swedish.
98
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Shockabsorbers at Blanking Operations
-Performing Organization Name & Address:
The Swedish Institute of Production Engineerin
Research
Molndalsvagen 85
412 85 Goteborg
Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
The Swedish work environment Fund (ASF)
-Principal Investigator(s):
Christer Bramberger
__Start Date:
Jan. 1, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated _jan__LJ_L378
Actual
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
^
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
(100,000 Skr)
(120,000 Skr)
$22,530
$27,036
Or Total Funding Amount: (220,000 Skr) $49,566
COMMENTS:
During the time just before blanking operation in presses, the press components are put
under compression and the press becomes a giant spring.
At the moment of blanking all the stored energy is suddenly released at tremendous
velocity.
The sudden breakthrough causes vibrations and noise problems, often like shot guns.
The aim of this project is to find the criteria, of the function of Shockabsorbers, to
make the time-force curve more favourable without an overload on the press.
Transcribed from the original.
99
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Noise Abatement in the Engineering Industry
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Swedish Engineering Employers' Association
Joint Working Party Against Noise in the
Engineering Industry
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
ASF, Sweden
Moelndalsvaegen 85
412 85 Goeteborg, Sweden
Principal Investigator (s) :
Olle Ustafsson
Start Date:
1974
Completion Date:
Estimated 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
Amount
Project Sunanary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
197* (actual): (390,000 Dkr) $87,867
1975 (budget): (775,000 Dkr) $174,607
1976 (budget):
1917 _ (budget).: _(480,,OJ30- QkrJ - $.103,144.
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Improvements in an engineering shop for cutting.
Acoustical planning of an engineering workshop.
Reduction of noise when working on sheet metal with hand tools.
Reduction of noise from excenter presses with welded foundations.
Reduction of noise from conveyors.
Survey of noise and risks for hearing impairments in workplaces with impact noise.
Noise from equipment (belts)
Transcribed from the original.
100
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Sweden
Project Title:
Noise From Excenterpresses.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
The Swedish Institute of Production Engineerin
Research
Molndalsvagen 85
412 85 Goteborg
Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
The Swedish Work Environment Fund
Principal Investigator(s):
Kurt Stenudd
Start Date:
Jan. 1, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated June 30, 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
X Measurement Methodology
Funding :
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
$37,175
COMMENTS:
The aim of this project is to give reasonable levels of the noise permitted for mechanical
presses.
Measurements of many presses new and old, will give statistical material. Experiments of
silenced values etc. has also been done.
More modern presses are compared to older but due to the higher working speed the noise level
has in general not been reduced.
Transcribed from the original.
101
-------
Metal Working Machinery
United Kingdom
Project Title:
The Mechanisms of Noise Generation From Electric Arc Furnaces.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
British Steel Corporation
Swinden Laboratories
Moorgate, Rotherham
Yorkshire, United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Commission of the European Communities
Directorate of Social Affaires
Batiment Jean Monnet
Kirschberg, Luxembourg
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. G. R. Jordan
Start Date:
Sept. 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated g0,
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
1Q7
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (3,120,000) $206,352
COMMENTS: The total funding is split almost
p.qiial Ty in thp ? yp.arg.
The objective of the Project is to investigate systematically the causes of noise produced
in electric arc furnaces and to determine the influence on the noise of operating conditions
such as the power and current of the arc, the relative difference in melting and refining
periods, the effect of metal/slag surface conditions and the characteristics of the arc.
Research will be conducted both in the laboratory and on production furnaces, and both A.C.
and D.C. power will be used. The laboratory studies will include:
a. investigations of the causes of noise.
b. estimation of the amount of noise as a function of the operating conditions.
c. determination of the effects of the surface condition of "doped" and impregnated
electrodes.
d. estimation of the effects of different conditions of slag and metal. The production
plant studies will be made on furnaces of up to 84 MVA and with charged capacities
of 17 to 180 tonnes. Noise levels will be measured and correlated with the results of
the laboratory experiments defined above. The effect on noise of continuously charging
scrap and pre-reduced material will also be studied.
This programme has recently started (June 1977) and will be reported at 6 monthly intervals
to the European Commission. The final report will be available late 1979/early 1980.
It should be noted that the above project is a collaborative contract with IRSID, Maizleres le
Metz, France (Antoine) and BFI, 4 Dusseldorf, Sohnstrasse 65, Germany (Dr. Keck).
Transcribed from the original.
102
-------
Metal Working Machinery
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Hammer Noise at Source
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Drop Forging Research Association
Shepard Street
Sheffield S3 7BA
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Drop Forging Research Association;
Department of Employment, Health & Safety Executiv<
Principal Investigator (s):
A.C. Hobdell
R. Rodgers
Start Date:
Jan. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Pec. 1976
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
Amount
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Following a preliminary study of the actual
sources and causes of noise from drop ham-
mers, trials are being made of practical
means for reducing this noise at sources, e.g
1976 (actual): (t4,600) $7,910.
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast) :
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
overlapping shields around the dies.
Transcribed from the original.
103
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title:
Humanizing Working Conditions For the W=lder
Performing Organization Name & Address:
German Association for Welding
Technology
Duesseldorf, Aachener Strasse 172
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Minister for Research & Technology
Federal Minister for Labor and
Social Welfare
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
~
COMMENTS:
Study of the formation of health-endangering welding smoke and gas. Measures to
reduce or prevent them — or procedures to protect against their injurious effects. Determ-
ination of noise emission levels and measures for the prevention or reduction of harmful
effects. (The listed themes apply to welding as well as to related operations, such as
flame cutting, soldering and thermal spraying).
Translated and transcribed from the original.
104
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title: Noise Abatement at .Work Sites in Heavy-Tlate Shearing Roll Trains.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
August Thyssen Iron Works
Duisburg, Postfach. 67
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Society for Space Exploration
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Sept.15,197
Completion Date:
Estimated __
Actual
J>e,c. 31, 1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Amount
COMMENTS :
Aim is to test structural possibilities for noise abatement
possibilities in certain sections of the plate shearing roll train in
actual use, and to evaluate their effect with comparative measurements.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
105
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title:
Determination of the Impulse Sound Directly Radiated by the Forge
Hammer as pa'rt of the Total Response.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute and Chair for Measurement
Technique in Machine Construction
Hannover, Nienburger Strasse 17
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Apr.1,1976
Conpletion Date:
Estimated
Actual ge.pt. 3 0,1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
C37,OOOBM)_$1Z,7ZO
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The task resides in reporting how the two acting noise
compotteiLts, direct and indirect sound transmitted by air, contribute
energetically in the case of forge hammers to the total air^
transmitted noise. The results yield consequences for measurement
technique for impulse-type sound phenomena in the case of forge
hammers and for the protection of men working in the immediate
vicinity of such noise generation.
Translated and transcribed from the original
106
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title:
Study of the JBehavior of Machine Tool Motors in Regard to
Stiffness and Noise Generation.
Performing Or;;:uiizalion Name i Addres
Institute for Machine Tools and
Management Techniques
Munich 2, Arcisstr 21
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl. Ing. Reiner Boehm
Start Date:
May 1,1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
ActualMay 31,197?
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Union of German Machine Tool
Manufacturers
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Developmeiit (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Produc tiou)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year_
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1973 (forecast):
Amount
Or_ Total Funding Amount .<40, OOODM) $16 , 960
COMMENTS:
Noise level measurements and frequency analysis of the
radiated noise from machine tool motors. Correlation with structural
causes and development of remedial measures. The study is carried out
with noise level meter and digital frequency analyzer.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
107
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title: Nolsa Abatement in Grinding of sheet Metal and of Construction
Elements Made of Sheet Metal,
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ministry and Chair for Measurement
Techniques in Machine Construction
Hannover, Nienburger Strasse. 17
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
German Research Society for
Sheetmetal Processing
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Frohmund Hock
Start Date:
Nov.l, 1973
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Apr ,30, 1 976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount :^463 > OOODM) $196,312
COMMENTS:
Point of departure: grinding process, vibration behavior
and noise radiation of thin plate.
Research object: Measures for reduction of noise stimulation.
Separation of effect of tool, workpiece, machine on noise (already led
through), noise abatement on machine, work piece, work piece utilization:
environmental protection, means: parameter variables affected by:
work piece, tool, machine.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
108
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title: . Development of a Low-Noise Processing Technique for Sheet Metal and Sheet
Metal Construction in Substitution for Noise-Intensive Grinding Processes with Hand-Held
Grinding Machines.
?d.ioj:!iii.ig Organ\ zat ion Name & Addrebs:
Chair and Institute for Finishing
Technique and Planing Machine Tools
Hannover, Welfengarten 1A
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Ing. Hans Kurt Toenshoff
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or_ Total Funding Amount :(320 , OOODM) $135 , 680
COMMENTS:
Adaptation of the tool to the demands of hand processing
while maintaining minimum noise level; conception of a drive
mechanism and of power transmission for a hand tool.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
109
-------
Metal Working Machiner^r
West Germany
Project Title: Study of Data ancj Methods, for the Predetermination of Noise-
Related Behavior of Milling Machines Under Conditions of Actual Operation.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Chair and Institute for Finishing
Technique and Planing Machine Tools
Hannover, Welfengarten 1A
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Ingl. Hans Kurt Toenshoff
Start Date:
Jan.1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec.31.1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
pu'oiJcation. )
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype.
Produc tion)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or_ Total Funding Amount :(3 00 , OOODM) $127 , 200
COMMENTS:
Description of the behavior in regard to noise of machine
tools by means of characteristic functions. Study of the effects
of individual processing parameters.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
110
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project TitJe: -jechnj_cai Limiting values for Planning Machine Tools With Due
Alteration to Economic Potential for Low-Noise Design.
Performing Organization Name (» Address:
Laboratory for Machine Tools and
Operations Technique
Aachen, Wuellnerstr. 5
West
Principal Investigator (s) :
Prof. Dr. Ingl. Manfred Week
Start Date:
Jun 1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated May 31,1978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year Amount
1976" (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or_ Total Funding Amount =(53 0 , OOODM) $ 245 , 9 2 0
COMMENTS:
Aim is to provide basis for decisions regarding the
determination of admissible technical limiting noise levels for
machine tools. To this effect serial tests are analyzed which
were run by industry and which characterize the present state
of technology with respect to noise behavior in machine tools.
In addition, possibilities for noise abatement in machine tools
are tested in the laboratory. The results of this project serve as
basis for a "vdi" guideline which is presented in the "ets" sub
committee on "planning machine tools."
Translated and transcribed from the original.
Ill
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project i t e-floise Abatement in the Grinding
Elements made of Sheet Metal
of Sheet Metal and of Construction
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Chair and Institute for Finishing
Technique and Planing Machine Tools
Hannover, Welfengarten 1A
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Ing. Hans Kurt Toenshoff
Start Date:
Dec.1,1973
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Dpp. 31 J 976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Amount
_
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount :(263 , OOODM) $111, 512
COMMENTS:
Reduction of noise radiation, effect of the processing
technique on the noise parameters: fusion, granulation, speed of
revolution, diameter of grinding wheel.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
112
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Proiect Title:
Noise Abatement in Rolling Kill Installations and Finishing Shops
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Operations Research Inst.
Duesseldorf, Sohnstr 65
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
European Coal and Steel Community
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing..Herbert Fritz
Start Date:
March 1,197!
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
-£ebxuaxy_28, 197
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication,)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
_(71 Oj 000_ DM)_ $301,040
COMMENTS:
The rolling mill installations and finishing shops of the iron and steel industry,
workers are subjected to noise stresses with peak levels up to 115 dba. This study is to
determine noise emissions and resulting stresses in personnel in a number of plants.
On the basis of these measurements, proposals are to be submitted and evaluated regarding
technological, structural and organizational changes for noise abatement. Practical
planning documentation for new construction or alterations is provided by this procedure.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
113
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Titlo: Studies for the Development of Iloise Abatement Measures for Forging Presses
Based on the Exarml= of a Double-Sided Executive Forging Press
Performing Organization Name- & Address:
Ingenieurbuero K.P. Schmidt VDI
Mettman, West Germany
Principal InvcsfLgator(s):
Start Date:
Apr.1,1975
CoHpletion Dale:
Estimated
Actual Sept.30,1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe- the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publicat ion.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Addret
Federal Minister for Labor
and Social Welfare
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Expeiimental, Prototype.
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Yea_r Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
£r Total Funding Amount :(H 2 , OOODM) $ 47 , 488
COMMENTS:
Technical noise abatement measures are to be developed
from studies of the noise generation mechanism. These measures will
be tested under actual operating conditions. The required
structural changes are then to be listed which must be used
actively to reduce noises in certain forge presses.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
114
-------
Metal working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Distribution and
Industry.
Propagation j,n Hangars of the steel
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Operations Research Institute
Duesseldorf, Sohnstr. 65
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Minister for Research
and Technology
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl Ing Gerhard Neugebauer
Start Date:
Dec.1,1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Dec.31.1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (481.000DM) $203,944
COMMENTS:
Aim is to ascertain possibilities for affecting noise
distribution and propagation in the hangars of the steel industry,
so as to reduce noise levels at the actual work sites: a) measurement
of noise distribution in the hangars; b) individual measures for noise
abatement; c) compilation Of a list of preventive measures;
d) computations; e) data in noise distribution and propagation,
made available for generally applicable projects for improvement„
Translated and transcribed from the original.
115
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Abbreviated Listings With Funding
Sweden. Development of Better Systems For Fastening Forging
Dies. Swedish Engineering Association, IVF, Goeteborg, Sweden.
dr Per Boije. Sponsor: ASF Sweden, Moelndalsvaegen 85, 412 85
Goeteborg, Sweden. March 1, 1975-June 30, 1976. (96,000 Dkr)
§21,629.
Sweden. Acoustical Planning of Mechanic Workshops. Ingemansson
\coustics, Box 53037, S-40014 Gothenburg, Sweden. Hans Elvhammar,
Lars Olof Roseu. Sponsor: Arbetarskyddsfonden,Sveavagen 166,3-11346
Stockholm, Sweden. Type: Development. Dec. 1976-Nov. 1977.
(Scr. $140,000) $31,542. Noise Abatement Principles Performed
and Evaluated in roll-bearing production factory (SKF).
Sweden. Arc Welding, Air Gapping, Improvement of Equipment.
Swedish Engineering Association, IVF, Goeteborg. Sweden.
Per Boije. Sponsor: ASF Sweden Moelndalsvaegen 85, 412 85
Goeteborg, Sweden. July 1, 1975-Sept. 30, 1976. (93,000 Dkr)
$20,953.
Sweden. Noise Reduction in Cold Forging. Swedish Engineering
Association, IVF, Goeteborg, Sweden. Per Boije. Sponsor:
ASF, Sweden, Moelndalsvaegen 85, 412 85 Goeteborg, Sweden.
Nov. 1, 1974-April 30, 1976. (125,000 Dkr) $28,163.
Sweden. Noise Abatement in Connection with Welding. Swedish
Engineering Association, IVF, Goeteborg, Sweden. Per Boije.
Sponsor: ASF Sweden, Moelndalsvaegen 85, 412 85 Goeteborg, Sweden.
July 1, 1975 -Dec. 31, 1976. (200,000 Dkr) $45,060.
Sweden. Oil Burners in the Forging Industry. Swedish Engineering
Industry Association, IVF, Goeteborg, Sweden. Per Boije, dr Erig. Sc.
Sponsor: ASF Sweden, Moelndalsvaegen 85, 412 85, Goeteborg, Sweden.
Nov. 1, 1974 -Feb. 29, 1976. (133,000 Dkr) $29,965. Modifications
and construction changes of oil burners and ovens to reduce
noise.
Sweden. Survey of the Existence of Infra-Noise in a Steel Mill.
University of Lulea, Noise and Vibration Project, Lulea, Sweden.
dr. Ulrik Dundbaeck. Sponsor: ASF Sweden, Moelndalsvaegen 85,
412 85 Goeteborg, Sweden. July 1, 1975-June 30, 1976. (29,130 Skr)
$6,563.
llf
-------
Metal Working Machinery
France
Piv-j.-ct Title:
Noise From Rotary Pneumatic Tools
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INRS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
PrincipaJ Investigator(s):
M. T. Ho
H. Leblond
G. Andre
Start Date:
est. 1975
ConpleUion Date:
Estimated 1976
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
1. ORIGIN AND REASONS FOR THE STUDY
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype.
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Yeajr
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This study, undertaken at the initiative of the INRS, is aimed at determining and
measuring the acoustic force and mechanical properties of supposedly noisy pneumatic rotary
tools, such as drills, grinders, screws.
2. PRESENTATION OF THE STUDY
The present study is essentially concerned with the measurement of the noise emitted by
pneumatic rotary tools during their normal use in industry, or, at least, under experi-
mental conditions simulating such normal use as closely as possible. In order to
verify the fact that "silent" operation has not been obtained to the detriment of a
loss in mechanical power or an increase in compressed air consumption, these two para-
meters (mechanical power and air consumption) will be measured as well for each of the
tools.
3. STATE OF PROGRESS
Preliminary tests have already been performed in order to determine the types of tools
that should be tested. Actually, these comparative materials tests are of no value
unless the noise emitted depends, to a substantial degree, on the quality of the tool,
and not only on the type of work being done. We also decided to limit ourselves in
this study to the following tools: straight grinders, surfacing grinders and drills.
As concerns the measurements of mechanical power, the test bench was made by INRS,
as well as the test for yield, which were done with precision using calibrated
Venturis. A working reunion was organized for May 15, 1975, where pneumatic materials
manufacturers and importers, as well as the professional union representative
(himself a manufacturer) met. Only two corporations sent representatives to this
reunion. Despite this reticence, the meeting made it possible to reach certain
specifications regarding the choice for the tests of tools currently being used
(power, diameter of the grinders or drills), as well as regarding the noise measure-
ments themselves. On this subject there was a disagreement of opinions between the
position of the INRS, which was interested, on the prevention level, in the noise
emitted during normal operation of the machine, and that of the "pneurop" code promoters,
who were more interested in the noise of the machine itself (during the tests, the
mechanical force of the machine was released beneath a soundproofing casing).
Translated and transcribed from the original,
117
-------
Subsequently, the suppliers' doubts were overcome after information was provided,
and they even accepted for the most part, the idea of lending their full range of tools
to the INRS. In total, 17 drills, 8 straight grinders and 10 surfacing grinders
were reviewed and subjected to tests. These tests consisted of:
- mechanical: measurement, as a function of rotating speed, of couple (from
which the mechanical power is derived), and of compressed air consumption;
- acoustic: measurement of the noise pressure level at the working area and
evaluation of acoustic force during operation of the tools when empty and during
two types of operations: cast-iron trimming and grinding of mechanically welded
structures.
4, CONTINUATION OF THE STUDY
The results are in the process of being communicated to the suppliers and manufacturers
for purposes of information and possible comments, A report will be prepared for
publication in "Work and Safety", if possible before the end of 1976.
118
-------
Metal Working Machinery
France
Project Title:
Noise From Manufacture of Metal Packing Cases
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INRS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring OrganLzalion Name & Address
Principal J'nvest Lgntor (a) :
A. Damongeot
>tort Date:
est.
1975
Completion Dale:
Estimated 1977
Actual
Type
of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype
Production)
Measurement; Methodology
Funding :
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
pub1, i cat ion. )
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1.
ORIGIN AND REASONS FOR THE STUDY
This type of factory generally contains several noise sources: operation of
rapid cutting presses, striking of metal boxes against each other or against various
obstacles, pneumatic exhausts, etc. Often, the noise ambience is further aggravated
by too great a density of machines.
2. CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
Within the framework of activities of the CRAM, the INRS has already been invited
to participate in the study of soundproofing devices for a metal packing case manufacturing
factory in the region of NANCY.
Similar work has been done by the Rennes Bank.
However, the knowledge obtained concerning soundproofing in factories, where metal
packing cases are manufactured remains fragmentary. It is of interest to examine the
question on a more general level (manufacturing process, design of the factories, machine
soundproofing, etc.) and to strike a balance in relation to the soundproofing possibilities,
a balance which can be based on actual models.
3. STATE OF PROGRESS
4.
This study can be considered half-finished.
CONTINUATION OF THE STUDY
Since it is being conducted part-time because of a heavy workload, it would be
continued in 1976, with a possible spillover into 1977.
119
-------
Metal Working Machinery
France
Projort T.I.tit.-:
Noise From Turning Lathes
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INRS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Dedex 14
France
Principal Investigator (s) :
M. T. Ho
H. Leblond
G. Andre
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Sponsoring Organization Nome & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype.
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Funding:
Year Amount
T97& (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or_ Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1. REASONS FOR THE STUDY
The level of noise in screw cutting plans often exceeds 95 db (A) by quite a bit, as a sono-
metric study, the results of which were presented in an article which appeared in the Docu-
mentary Notebooks, no. 55, of the second trimester of 1969, has shown. It therefore appeared
to be a good idea to study the noise of these machines.
2. CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
The noise comes from the lathe, but it also often comes from the rubbing and striking of the
bars against the guide. Such a study should take into account on the one hand tests on silent
guide-bar tubes and coverings, the perfection of more effective devices if the ones available on
the market are not sufficiently effective, and on the other hand tests on reducing the noise of
the lathe itself. All these tests have not been undertaken by the INRS, because the Screw
Cutting Technical Center (CTDEC) is conducting a similar study.
3. STATE OF PROGRESS
The CTDEC study conducted in collaboration with the CNRS of Marseilles is practically finished,
It has made it possible for the CTDEC to perfect a cheaper device, to conduct a comparative
study on tubes being sold on the market, and to propose an original test code to the AFNOR. For
its part, the INRS has studied the noise of an automatic lathe manufactured in France, In
relation to this lathe, a gain of 15 db (A) was obtained by uncoupling the sear box and adapting
its housing. Furthermore, a series of tests has been undertaken in the screw cutting plants of
the Cluses region toward the end of determining the effect of reverberation in the plants and the
arrangement of the lathes on the noise level in the plant.
4. CONTINUATION OF THE STUDY
Various noise-reducing devices for guide bar tubes are now available, so it is a good idea to
study the best practical manner of using them to obtain a notable reduction in noise in screw
cutting plants. This study will be undertaken in conjunction with the Prevention Service of
the CRAM in Lyon. A pilot model could be envisioned in the Cluses region. It will be under-
taken in collaboration with the Rhone Alpes Health Insurance Regional Bank.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
120
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Poland
Project Title:
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Instytut Obrobki Skrawaniem
Ul. Wroclawska 37a 30-011
Krakow, Poland
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
R. Sniechowski, D. Sc. Ing.
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
We conduct the research on noise abatement of machine tools and have
had very good results so far.
There are also some other Institutes in Poland co-operating with us
on these matters.
Transcribed from the original
121
-------
Metal Working Machinery
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Reduction of Noise From the Operation of Machine Tools
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Machine Tool Industry Research Association
Hutley Road
Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2NE
United Kingdom
Principal Investigator (s):
G.M. Tomlin
D. Hartley
Start Date:
1970
Completion Date:
Estimated ±978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Department of Industry, Research Requirements Board;
UK Machine Tool Industry (MTIRA Member Companies)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Noise measurement methods, UK and international regulations, standard tests and conditions:
developed BS 4813:1972; collected noise data from different types of machine tool; preparing
draft standards for machines when cutting. Generation, transmission and radiation of noise
in mechanisms and design techniques for noise reduction: developing techniques for identifying
noise sources; current work on structural design - methods of damping, etc. Noise generated
by cutting processes and its suppression; examination of machines to identify contribution
made by cutting process; examination of parameters involved in cutting process which influence
noise. Methods of treatment for existing noisy mechanisms: identification of high-noise
mechanisms and methods of treatment. Transfer of technology to, and liaison with, industry.
Publications:
MTIRA notes on machine noise
Proceedings MTIRA Conference, 1973
The reduction of noise from machine tools
G.M. Tomlin and D. Hartley
Proceedings 15th International Machine Tool Design and Research Conference
Birmingham, 1974 Macmillan, 1975
A survey of the noise levels of machine tools
D. Hartley, A. Colder, N.D. Cirtu and R. Dimitriu
Proceedings 16th International Machine Tool Design and Research Conference
Manchester, 1975, Macmillan, 1976
Transcribed from the original.
122
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Generation By Cutting Torches and Flame Cutters
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Planck Institute for Flow Research
Goettingen, Boettingerstr. 6-8
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Messer Griesheim GMBH
Frankfurt
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Albrecht Dinkelacker
Start Date:
May 1,1973
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Apr.30,1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goald, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Measurement of the noises created by cutting and flaming
in order to find out how and why these noises occur and to search
for ways of reducing them.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
123
-------
Metal Working Machinery
West Germany
Project Title:
Advance Computation of Noise Dosage Distribution in "Plant Hangars
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Industrial Plant Installations
Hannover Technical University
Hannover, Welfengarten 1
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Society for Space Exploration
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Jan.l, 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
June 30,
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
A computer program is being developed with which noise maps (graphic represen-
tation of the distribution of the estimated noise level) with adequate precision can be
prepared in advance for the installations of the sheet metal processing industry
(elevated pulse-like emission values).. Parallel to that, a program is being developed
for production oriented layouts, (machine positioning maps) which can be used together
with the noise map program.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
124
-------
Metal Working Machinery
Abbreviated Listings
Norway. Noise Reduction in the Machine Tool Industry. SINTEF, The
Laboratory of Acoustics, ELAB, Universitetet I Trondheim, 7034 Trondheim,
Norway. Jan. 1, 1976. Close cooperation with 17 Norwegian firms with
the aim of improving the physical working environment.
United Kingdom. Reduction in Noise in Foundries. Health and Safety
Executive, London, United Kingdom. 1977.
West Germany. Improvement of Working Conditions in Cleaning Rooms of
Foundries. Burdeurs, c/o DFVLR (GRW), Koeln, West Germany. Sponsor:
Federal Ministry for Research and Development. 1975 - 1977.
West Germany. Study of Noise Impact and Its Reduction in Sheet Metal
Industry. Thyssem, AG, 40 DFVLR (GRW), Koeln, West Germany. Federal
Ministry for Research and Development. 1974 - 1976.
West Germany. Noise of Machine Tools Used for Removal of
Material (Basic Studies of Types of Machines, Statistical Prop-
erties, Limitation of the Noise Level). The Rhine-Westphalia
Tech. Sch. of Aachen, Machine Research Service, Wuellnerstrasse 5,
5100 Aachen, West Germany.
West Germany. Measures for Reducing the noise of Sheet Metal Processing
Machines. Heinrich Gillet KG, 6732 Edenkoben, Post Fach 100, An der
Bundesstrasse 38, West Germany.
West Germany. Noise Reduction in Machine Tools. Technical University
of Hanover, Hanover, West Germany. Prof. Toenshoff. Sponsor: German
Research Council, Federal Ministry of Research & Development. 1973 -1977.
West Germany. Noise Reduction in Rolling Mills, Furnaces, Saws. Research
Institute of VdEH, Duesseldorf, West Germany. Sponsor: European Community
for Coal and Steel, Federal Ministry for Research and Development. 1975 -
1978.
West Germany. Improvement of Working Conditions for Welders. Federal
Cooperation of Welders, Duesseldorf, West Germany. Sponsor: Federal
Ministry for Research and Development, State Ministry Work, Health and
Social Affairs, Duesseldorf, West Germany. 1976.
125
-------
MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
OTHER INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
127
-------
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Australia
Project Title:
Attenuation of Low Frequency Sound in Ducts with Flow.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
University of Adelaide
South Australia 5001
Sponsoring Organization
Address:
Department of Silence
Australian Government Research Grant
P.O. Box 449, Woden, A.C.T., Australia 260
Principal Investigator(s):
David Alan Bies
Christopher Robert Fuller
Start Date:
March 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated May 1978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
($ 2,000.) $ 2,220.
($ 6,000.) $ 6,660.
($20,000.) $22,200.
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The aim of this project is to develop acoustic reactive attenuators for use in ducts with flow.
The research program is basically a theoretical predictor of the performance of the attenuator
followed by experimental investigation of a scale model. An attenuator which fits into a
90° bend in the duct system has been investigated theoretically and experimentally without flow
and was found to provide attenuation of 10 dB over 3/4 of an octave for frequencies less than
the cut-off of the (1,0) mode.
Present work is to experimentally confirm a theory which predicts how the attenuator will per-
form with flow. Investigation is also being carried out on a reactive attenuator which utilizes
delay lines and could be used in high speed circular ducts.
Transcribed from the original.
129
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Canada
i'roject Title:
Noise from Compressor Stations
i'f/.'forming Org.-in i/.at ion Naini1 & Address:
E. Bolstand Engineering
Edmonton, Alberta
Canada
Principal Inves tigator (s):
Start Date:
.'.ugust 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated November 1977
Actual
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address :
Alberta Environment
9820 - 106 Str.
Edmonton, Alberta
T5K 2J6 Canada
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
X_ Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
_X_ Measurement Methodology
Project Summary: (Briefly descrJbe the
•oals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
,- ublication. )
Funding:
J.ear_ Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
C$20,000) $18,856
_0r_ Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Purpose of the study - to develop a set of criteria for control of noine
eminating from oil and gas compressor and pumping
stations and processing plants including typical
noise control treasures to be required and basic
procedures for rr.onitoring the noise climate around
the plant. The documentation is expected to be particularly
useful to the Standards and Approvals Division in evaluating
license applications for new construction and to the
Pollution Control Division in evaluating complaints.
The project will basically involve an examination of the
range of plant sizes and types typically used in Alberta,
selection of a suitable scin-ple or samples to be studied in
each category, field investigation of the noise climate
surrounding the selected samples and the principle sources
of noise in each case, and development of a handbook which
will enable licensing and enforcement officers to quickly
evaluate potential and/or actual noise problems.
The handbook would be expected to contain tables of data in
respect to sound sources and attenuation devices, and a
calculation procedure for predicting the overall result. The
procedure would be adaptable to a short computer or calculator
program.
130
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Denmark
Project Title:
Noise Reduction Methods in Existing Concrete Component Factories.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Enviroplan A/S
7 Rustenborg vej
DK-2800 Lyngby
Denmark
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Betonelement-Foreningen
(The Danish Precast Concrete Federation)
106 N. Voldgade
DK-1358 Copenhagen K
Principal Investigator(s):
Enviroplan A/S
Start Date:
Sept. 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated Feb.
Actual
1978
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: approx. $50,000
COMMENTS: Partly financed by public funds
Pilot project aiming at:
a) Localizing noise sources and the transmission of noise in plant equipment.
b) Measuring noise impact levels.
c) Calculating means of noise reduction.
d) Executing noise reduction changes in noise transmission ways of machinery.
e) Check resulting noise impact levels.
Transcribed from the original.
in
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Finland
Proiect Title:
Paper Machine Noise.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute of Occupational Health
Laajaniityntie 1
01620 Vantaa 62
Finland
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
P. U. Lehtinen
Jukka Starck
Start Date:
Jan. 1, 1972
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
6, 1977
Type of Research Program:
___ Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
X Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
The aim of the study was to measure the
noise levels in halls where paper machines
are operated and to determine the paper
machine and hall characteristics which affect
the noise. A total of nine machines and halls
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (20,000 Fmk) $4,900
COMMENTS:
were included in the investigation.
The study was a part of the preparatory work of the Committee on Security Regulations for Paper
Machines. The Committee's report to the National Board of Labor Protection led to the
establishment of safety regulations for paper machines in 1975.
The airborne' noise was measured and analyzed with a 1/3 octave real-time analyzer at the
distances of 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 meters from the headbox and the press section, at the middle
of the predryer section and at the machine calender or pope reel. Moreover the noise at the
trimming refiners, vacuum pumps and winders, and also in the control room, was measured.
Reverberation times were measured and analyzed in octave bands in the wet and dry sections of
the hall.
After the report to the Committee the noise caused by a newer and more silent Finnish paper
machine was measured. In the present study the results are compared to those from the other
machines and also to the noise limits in the safety Regulations for paper machines. The
comparison shows that the noise levels in paper machine halls can be lowered to meet the
limits in the regulations for paper machines, except in the area of the suction rollers.
Currently in Finland procedures for lowering the noise in the area of these rollers to a level
below the noise limit (90 dB) that becomes effective on 1 January 1980 are not available in
all cases.
Finally the sources of the highest noise levels are revealed and some recommendations on the
lowering of noise levels are presented.
Transcribed from the original.
132
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Other Industrial Equipment
Japan
Proiect Title:
Super-Quiet Fan.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sumitomo Precision Productions Co. Ltd.
6j2 Chome, Nishinagasu-hondori
Amagasaki, Japan
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator (s) :
K. Funada
Start Date:
March 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Mar-
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
1 07S
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Target
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual): $70,000
1977 (budget): $10,000
1978 (forecast): $10,000
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Specific Sound Level
Conventional
45 ~ 55 dBA
Target
,ndBA
30 I'M AX)
.
Fan Dia.
3 FT
4FT
5FT
Static Press X Air Qnt'y
12mmAq X 500 m3/min-2
12mmAqX 900 m3/min-
IZmmAq X 1400 m3/min
expected ;:,-,?
NaifiL£_L_£y_el,
57 dBA
, dBA
i5
71dBA
Actual -;-3
l^oisf Lpvpl
5 4 dBA
62dBA
68dBA
Specific
_S_Qiind ,L evel_
27>5dBA
27.5dBA
27.5dBA
= LA - 10 log(Pt2Q) + 10 log (4.r) * 20 log(l.5D)
Specific Sound Level : LS (dBA)
Noise Level : LA (dBA)
Air Quantiy : Q
Total Pressure : Pt
j.\-2.Normal m3/min
'S?3 Measuring Po.int
i I i
v ^— /
(normal m3/min)
(mm Aq)
Transcribed from the original.
133
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Janan
Project Title:
Noise Reduction and Prediction System for Thermal Power Plants
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Nimura Laboratory
Faculty of Engineering
Tohoku University
Aoba Aramaki, Sendai, Japan
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Tohoku Electric Power Co.
7-1 1 Bancho, Sendai, Japan
Principal Investigator(s):
T. Nimura, S. Kono, M. Yuzawa,
T. Sone, T. Negoro et al
Start Date:
April, 1971
Completion Date:
Estimated Sept. 1979
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
x Development (Component or System)
_x_ Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
(¥ 800,000)
(¥ 1,000,000)
(¥ 1,000,000)
$2,937
$3,671
$3,671
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
GOALS;
1. We aim to make it possible to design the
power plants which have little effect
relating to noise on surrounding community.
2. The integrated calculating system for noise from power plants is to be prepared. Manv factor--
will be included in this work such as the treatment of composite noise sources, excess
attenuations, source identification and others.
3. We aim to improve the working environment by reducing noise level inside power plants.
APPROACH;
1. Measuring the power level of noise generated from various installations in power plants.
( " NOISE REDUCTION FOR THERMAL POWER PLANT " Technical Report of Tohoku Electric Power Co.
No. 71027 March, 1972 )
2. Estimating the attenuation by a duct with large opening and a sound insulation wall used as a
countermeasure against power plant noise.
3. Establishing the calculating system for the accurate prediction of composite noise from power
plants.
RESULTS;
1. We established the calculating method of noise attenuation through large intake and exhaust
system. We set up those system to several power plants and the expected attenuations were
obtained. ( " NOISE REDUCTION OF 180° BEND IN VENTILATING DUCT " By T. Negoro et al.
Trans. I.E.E.J. Vol. 94-C, No.11 1974 )
2. We established the calculating method of noise attenuation by barriers ( knife edge, right-
angled edge and multiple barriers etc. ). ( " NOISE REDUCTION BY VARIOUS SHAPES OF BARRIERS "
Inter Noise 75 1975 ) ( " SOUND ATTENUATION BY MULTIPLE BARRIERS WITH KNIFE AND/OR RIGHT-
ANGLED EDGES " By M. Yuzawa et al Jour. Acoust. Soc. Japan Vol.31 No.9 )
3. The integrated calculating system for noise from power plants was prepared and its availa-
bility was ascertained in the trial stage from the comparison between calculated and measured
level of noise in an exisiting power plant. But its accuracy is to be improved in successive
study. ( " NOISE REDUCTION SYSTEM FOR PLANNING ON THERMAL POWER PLANT " By T. Nimura et al
INCE/JAPAN Technical Report Decem. 1976 )
134
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Japan
Proicct Title:
A Study on Prevention of Factory Noise and Vibration.
-Performing Organization Name & Address:
Noise Section, Research Institute for
Environmental Protection
Toyko Metropolitan Government
7-2, Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo, Japan
Sponsoring Organization Name 6. Address:
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
1-5-3 Manunochi, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo, Japan
Principal Investigator (s) :
Takashi Takayama
Start Date:
1977
Completion Date:
Estimated 1980
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication. )
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
(S 5,400,000) $19,823
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The following items will be studied aiming at the effectiveness of the prevention of factory
noise by building and room structures.
1. Compare the sound-insulating characteristics in cases where the noise sources are radio
speakers and the actual machines.
2. Effect of leaked noise (for example, through a crevice') on the noise insulation.
3. Effect of opened areas such as windows and doors on noise insulation.
4. Combine items 1, 2, and 3, and investigate a formula to assess outdoor noise level.
Translated and transcribed from the original Japanese.
135
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Other Industrial Equipment
Norway
'co jocL T 5 Lie:
crJot.iiii.ng
Noise in Food-Processing Industry
Addrei.u:
.on Name:
Nat. inst. of Techn.
P. box 81 16 -Oslo dep. ,
Oslo 1
Norway
.'rincipnJ Investigator(s) :
Hans Fjerdingstad
.tart Date:
1 Jan.197'
Completion Pate:
Intimated
Actual
roj<-ct Sumaary: (Briefly dc.ycrJbc tlic
•^iln, approach, expected or actual results,
•„ cport (") generated and the date(s) of
,ubljcation.)
1. Noise survey of industry,
including measurements of prod-
uction halls acoustical properties.
Sponsoring Organization Name << AJf.'rcss:
Norges Tekniske-naturvitenskapelige
Forskni ngsrSd, NTNF.
Gaus tadall e'en 3b
Oslo 3, Norway.
Type of Research 1'ro^iai-i:
Fundamental
_X Development (Coiupoiirat or System)
X Demon:>' r.'ition (Experiraental, 1'rotorypo, ci
Production)
Mea&urorient MethodoJc-yy
Year Araoimt
Y975" (actual ) :( N k r . 70 ."OOOl" $13188
197V (budget).
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Norway
Noise in Fish-Refinery Industry
oriiinc Oo'anJ/..ition Name & Address:
National jnst. of Technology
p.box 8116-Oslo dep. Oslo 1 ,
Norway.
iiu-ip.il Investigator(s):
Knut Finsveen
Hans Fjerdingstad
Completion Date:
Estimated
ActualJJJL
r.oj I: Date:
Jan,1.1976
;ojoct Sura^iary: (Brief]y describe the
^a.ls, approach, expected or actual results,
f.port(s) generated and the date(s) of
•..MicaLion.)
SporisoLxn£ Oi'(>irij nation Kaino & Add: o,c
Norges Fiskeriforskningsr§d (NFFR)
P.b. 1853
7001 Trondheim, Norway.
T>po of ilecearcli Program:
Fundamental
X Development (Component or System)
X Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Fuiidiug:
Ye_a_r Amount
1976 (actual): (Nkr 110<000) $20724
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount
COMMENTS:
. 100.000) $18840
r7iofr
. 260.000)
1. Noise reduction on fish -.filet - machinery.
2. Planning an "ideal" acoustical environment for fish - filet production
halls.
137
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Sweden
Prpiect -Title:
Less Noisy Consolidation Methods For Production of Concrete Elements.
Performing Organisation Name & Address:
1FM Akustikbyran AB
Warfvinges vag 26
S-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
Principal Investigator(s):
Lars Holmberg
Start Date:
1 April 1977
Cor-p] c-Licn Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Suii.marj : (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the datc(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organi/.arion Name & Address:
Swedish Work Environmental Fund
(Arbetar sky do's namnden)
Sveavagen 166
S^113,Ji6 St_qckhp_lTn,__Sweden
T.ypc of Research Prograr:
j'amciital
.'1 option I (Component ot System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurcmcat Methodology
Fund Lag:
Year AiiiounL
Ty/G (actual) : "
1977 (budge!-)' (part 1 525,000 SwCrs) $118,282.
1978 (forccc.su):
Or_ Total Fundins] Amount:
COMiMhNTS:
The goals of the project are to develop less noisy consolidation methods
for production of concrete elements. Part 1 of the project is divided into
two sections. In section 1 investigation of present technologies for production
of concrete elements will be done. Section 2 includes collection of external
information and development of a model of the mould filled with fresh concrete
during consolidation. In later parts of the project optimal consolidation data
for concrete will be determined and tests with new consolidation methods will be
performed. Reports will be published continuously from November 1977 and onwards.
138
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Sweden
Proiect Title:
Noise Reduction at Painting Spray Guns.
.--.Performing Organization Name & Address:
The Swedish Institute of Production
Engineering Research
Molndalsvagen 85
412 85 Goteborg
Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Christer Bramberger
Start Date:
Jan. 1, 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated Jan. 3, 1978
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
$43,934
Or Total Funding Amount: (195,000 Skr) $43,934
COMMENTS:
The aim of the project is to investigate the noise emission of spray guns in order to find
out the origin of the noise. Some new theories for quieter spray guns will be tested out
and this information will be helpful for the manufacturers of spray guns. All the practical
tests are done with reference to the quality of the painted surface.
Transcribed from the original.
139
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Sweden
Project Title:
Noise Control of Machines for Production of Concrete Products.
Performing Orgaru zation Nn;ne 6. Address:
IFM Akustikbyran AB
Warfvinges vag 26
S-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
•[•jncip.il Invest Jgator (s) :
Lars Holniberg
tart Date:
Jan 1978
Complet i on Da t e:
Estimated 30 June 1979
Actual
'reject SuiiiPiiry: (ilriefly describe the
oaJs, appro,icli, expected or actual results,
eporl.(u) jjC.ii'1 a; ed and the datc(s) of
ubl icat ioi.. )
Sponsoring Organi/at ion Name £. Address:
Swedish Work Environmental Fund
(Arbetarskyddsriamnden)
Sveavagen 166
S-113 U 6 Sweden
Type of Research Program:
Fundament a]
x Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Produc tion)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
V//6 (actual) :
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast) :
Amount
goo 7 9 S
_0_r_ Tota] Funding Amount: (150.000 few Crs( forecast ))
COMMENTS:
This project is a part of a long-time project concerning noise control
of machines for production of concrete products. The work was started
in 1971 with a survey ana since then different machines have been
investigated and noise control measures have been developed. This part
of the work will deal with machines for production of large concrete
pipes, machines for production of tiles and noise control of existing
machinery for production of concrete elements.
Reports will be published continuously from approx. April 1978 and onwards.
140
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title,-eductlon of Noise Emission from Paper and Board Machines.
Performing Organisation Name 6 Address:
PIRA
Randalls Road
Leatherhead
Surrey KT22 7RU England
Sponsoring Organization Nar.ie I Address:
PIRA Members
Department of Industry
Principal Investigator(s):
E R Gates
P G Burkitt plus
sub-contractors
Start Date:
Feb 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated March 1978
Actual
Type of Research Program:
jj Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast;
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:(£45,000 sterling) $77,382.
COMMENTS:
Goals 1 Identify and quantify the principal sources of noise in paper and board making
machines.
2 Propose appropricite actions for reducing noise emission in the immediate,
short and longer term.
Programme: Use cross-correlation and coherence techniques to identify and quantify
noise sources.
If these techniques are not successful in a highly reverberant machine
house, simpler methods, such as running parts of a machine if possible, will
be tried.
The actions recommended for reducing noise levels will depend on the results
of the first part of the programme.
Reports; A report will be issued at the end of the project, but its circulation will
be decided by the Department of Industry and PIRA at a later date.
141
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title: Industrial Noise: Investigation of Noise Generated in Materials
Handling Systems.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Production Engineering Research Association
Melton Mowbray
Leicestershire LE13 OPB
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Department of Industry
Principal Investigator(s):
K. Healiss
Start Date:
Aug. 1974
Completion Date:
Estimated Tnnp iq7fi
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: $17,196.- $42,990
—
COMMENTS:
To identify major sources of noise in materials handling systems and recommend the most cost-
effective measures to reduce noise from these sources to an acceptable level, in conjunction
with a number of industrial users and manufacturers of material handling equipment. The
investigation will continue and the results of the noise control measure will be monitored.
Transcribed from the original.
142
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project. Title: Oscillations in Supersonic Flow in a Duct Following an Abrupt
Change in Cross-Section.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
The City University,
St. John Street, London, EC1V 4PB; and
The Max-Planck-Institut fUr StrBmungsforschun
D 3400 GBttingen,
Bbttingerstrasse.
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
NATO Brussels
(Part Sponsor)
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. J.S. Anderson (T.C.U.);
Dr. W.M. Jungowski;
Dr. G.E.A. Meier (M.P.I.).
Start Date:
August 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated 1978
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
The aim is to perform a fundamental
experimental and theoretical investigation
of large amplitude oscillations in super-
sonic flow in a rectangular duct. The
oscillations occur in a duct downstream of an
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual): $5000
1977 (budget): $4000
1978 (forecast): $2000
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
abrupt change in section.
The main tool of the experimental approach is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer which is used
to visualize the flow. High-speed films can also be taken and can be synchronised with piezo-
electric pressure transducers on the walls of the duct.
The results show that there are several types of oscillations which can occur. The two
najor types are a base pressure oscillation and a shock-pattern oscillation. In the former
there is a variation in the position and strength of a normal shock during a cycle. In the
latter there is a cyclical change from a normal to an oblique shock system. The oscillations
produce considerable external noise.
It is intended that the project will be indirectly of help in describing the flow and
noise produced in pressure reducing valves, supersonic diffusers, and aircraft propelling
nozzles.
Publication;
J.S. Anderson, W.M. Jungowski, W.J. Killer and G.E.A. Meier,
Flow oscillations in a duct with a rectangular cross-section,
Journal of Fluid Mechanics (1977) 79, pt. 4, pp. 769-784.
143
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Electromagnetically Induced Vibrations in Rotating Electrical Machines.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
University of Nottingham,
University Park,
Nottingham.
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. K. J. Bradley
Professor A. Wright
Mr. Abd El-Kader
Start Date:
Jan. 9, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Jan. 9. 1979
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual): $859
1977 (budget): $860.
1978 (forecast):$860.
Amount
0£ Total Fundiug Amount:( C1500 ) $2,579.
COMMENTS: Excluding salaries and computation
e xpenses.
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
A detailed investigation is being con-
ducted into the parameters affecting the
levels of the electromagnetically induced
vibrations in machines. The ultimate aim
is to develop design procedures, and determine the manufacturing tolerances necessary to
achieve a low vibration specification. The work stemmed from industrial contact with Y-ARD, Lti'
concerning machines for particular applications.
Presently, both experimental and theoretical investigations are in progress. Experimental
work is being conducted on a specially constructed rig capable of testing motors over a wide
speed range at loadings up to 45 kW with negligible vibration introduced from the load machine
The experimental programme includes a study of the effects produced by rotor
eccentricity, as well as providing data for correlation with the results of the theoretical
investigation.
The basis of the computational analysis is an operational model of the machine in which
account is taken of the effects of teeth and of saturation, and electromagnetic conditions must
be determined to a degree of accuracy which is acceptable in engineering terms. This develop-
ment is an extension of an existing computational facility of proven accuracy for determining
the performance of machines when operating under fault conditions, or from non-sinusoidal
supplies.
144
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title: Reduction of Noise From Large Boiler Flues,
.-Performing Organization Name & Address:
Rupert Taylor & Partners Ltd.
113 Westbourne Grove
London W2 4UP
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
S. W. Thames Regional Health Authority
London
-Principal Investigator (s):
Rupert Taylor
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
X Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
1977.
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount: (-i3,000) $5,159.
COMMENTS: Work carried out in a consultancy
capacity ( t40,000) $68,784
Design of reactive attenuators for reduction of noise below 100 Hz from 15,000 Ib/hr. boilers.
Stage 1) construction of 1:6 scale model of boiler flue system.
2) design of reactive attenuators, and model testing.
3) Installation of full scale units.
Actual results: 10 dB reduction between 50 Hz and 100 Hz in attenuators 1 metre long.
Transcribed from the original.
145
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Industrial Noise: Investigation of Suitable Materials for
Sound Absorption and Sound Insulation in Sterile Plant.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Production Engineering Research Association
Melton Mowbray
Leicestershire LE13 OPB
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Department of Industry
Principal Investigator(s):
K. Healiss
Start Date:
May 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated March 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
_____ Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
~ ~ (llD.TJOO - £ Z570007
Or Total runding Amount: $17 195 _ 42 990
COMMENTS:
To investigate the suitability of materials and material combinations for noise control in sterile
environments such as the food, drinks and pharmaceutical industries, where sterilisation can
affect such materials and the materials themselves could contaminate the products.
It involves the evaluation and testing of various materials and material combinations. The
environmental requirements will be determined in conjunction with works engineers, chemists
and bacteriologists in the indastries concerned. New material combinations investigated
where standard commercial products are not available and site trials will evaluate the performance
under typical working conditions.
Transcribed from the original.
146
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Self-noise of Perforate Plate Multiple Helmholtz Resonator Type
Acoustic Liners in Flow Ducts.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research,
The University,
Southampton,
S09 5NH, England.
Principal Investigator(s):
Professor P.E. Doak (Supervisor)
P.A. Nelson (Ph.D. student, 1976-)
Ad hoc assistance from Dr. N.A. Halliwell
(S.R.C. Research Fellow, 1976-)
Start Date:
1.1.1975
Completion Date:
Estimated 30.12.1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Sound Attenuators Ltd., providing the research
studentship and I.S.V.R. in-house cost sharing, with
indirect assistance from Science Research Council o>
laser Doppler anemometry development.
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
X Measurement Methodology
Fundi> •
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (£15,000 (est.)) $25794
rnMUFNTc Estimated Total Funding Amount inclu3es
ouMMMUb: 3 years sound Attenuators Ltd. support
fn-r Epfiparrfr Studentship and £5.000
I.S.V.R. in-house cost-sharing (with
indirect S.R.C. support on laser Doppler
instrumentation).
The project is part of a group of I.S.V.R.
researches on flow/acoustic interactions.
A rotating disk, two-beam Laser Doppler
Velocimeter (LDV) developed at the University'
of Southampton is being used to provide
simultaneous amplitude and phase measurements
of the streamwise and transverse (mean and
fluctuating) particle velocities in the neck
of a Heluholtz resonator which is "singing"
under mean flow excitation. A pressure probe provides corresponding pressure fluctuation
measurements. Momentum potential theory (as yet unpublished) for determining the source
regions of acoustic and "turbulent" power, and hence identification of the mechanism, is being
used. In initial work, semi-empirical prediction formulas for perforated plate liner self-
noise in flow have been developed. A preliminary (verbal) report on the work was given at
the 1976 Spring Meeting of the Institute of Acoustics and a further brief report will be made
at the 9th I.C.A., Madrid, July 1977.
147
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Investigation of Acoustic Enclosures.
Performing Organization Name c* Address:
The City University,
St. John Street,
London, EC1V 4PB.
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. J.S. Anderson
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated 1978
Actual
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, cr
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
oreport(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual): $ 500 ~
1977 (budget): $1000
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The aims of the project are to consider the different ways in which the performance of
an acoustic enclosure may be specified, to investigate the effect of using sound-absorptive
material within the enclosure and to investigate any amplitude-dependent effects.
Various methods are used by manufacturers to specify the attenuation achieved by their
enclosures, and these different methods have been compared experimentally in the current
project. Also the insertion loss of a typical commercial enclosure has been measured for
different sound source intensities. Slight amplitude dependence has been measured at high
frequencies.
No reports as yet published.
148
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Velocity-Generated Noise in Air-Conditioning Ducts.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Atkins Research and Development
Woodcote Grove
Ashley Road
Epsom, Surrey KT18 5BW
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
A. Igbal
T.K. Willson
Start Date:
June 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec. 1976
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast)
Amount
Or_ Total Funding Amount: (-{,5,000. - -610,000.)
COMMENTS:
Modern trends in air-conditioning demand
ever increasing air velocities in ducts, but
knowledge is limited about the noise from
air passing through duct fittings above a
velocity 200 ft/min. This project is to study the noise, by actual measurements over a wide
range of fittings extended by 12000 to 15000 ft/min. air velocities. To develop some theory
or generalised correlations which would then be integrated into computer programs for prediction
and design.
Transcribed from the original.
149
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Control of Noise and Vibration.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
National Engineering Laboratory
East Kilbride
Glasgow G75 OQU
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name {< Address:
Department of Industry
Principal Investigator(s):
J. Tweedle
Start Date:
1960
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
(ove~r i 50,OD07
$85,980
To reduce noise of machinery either at source or by suitable screening. This work includes
both measurement and theoretical prediction of noise levels. Example of noise reduction
techniques include the development of acoustic screens, the investigation of composite
materials for use as casings and machine structures. A survey of manufacturing machinery
is being carried out to determine principal noise sources and hence area where maximum
effort needs to be applied.
Transcribed from the original.
150
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Reduction of Acoustic Noise in Small Electrical Machines.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Heriot-Watt University
Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Edinburgh, EH1 2HT
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
The Science Research Council
State House, High Holborn, London, United Kingdom
and a number of machine manufacturers
Principal Investigator(s) :
Dr. S.J. Yang
Start Date:
Jan. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated May 1976
Actual June 1977
Type of Research Program:
x Fundamental
x Development (Component or System)
x Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
Approx. U.S. $10,000 for
e_quipment_plus 12 _man-months
COMMENTS:
The effects of non-sinusoidal supply from solid-state devices on noise and vibration of frac-
tional horse power machines have been investigated. For a 3-phase machine, a series of zero-
order and non-zero-order radial force components were found analytically at frequencies equal
to six times the supply fundamental frequency and its multiples. These force waves are intro-
duced by the 5th, 7th, and llth current harmonies and could cause excessive noise and vibration
when their frequencies are near or equal to the machine natural frequencies. The analytical
findings were confirmed by noise measurements on a machine fed from an inverter with variable
fundamental frequencies in the range from 5Hz to 85Hz. Part of the results is published:
S.J. Yang: "Noise and vibration of inverter-fed induction motors", Proc.
of the International Conference on Electrical Machines, Sept. 1976, Vienna,
pp. 19-1 - T9-10.
Transcribed from the original .
151
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Structural Panels With Noise Suppression Characteristics.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Rubber and Plastics Research Association
Shawbury, Shrewsbury
Shropshire
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Department of Industry, Engineering Materials
Requirements Board
Principal Investigator(s):
D.L. James
Start Date:
Jan. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec. 1979
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
To develop high transmission loss structural
composites of polymer-based flat or shaped COMMENTS:
sheet, ideally made from low-cost bulk-usage
materials, for use as large noise control covers.
sandwich structures.
Or Total Funding Amount: (i90,000) $154,764.
A special plant is used for manufacturing GRP
Transcribed from the original.
152
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
The Design of Dissipative Duct Silencers.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute of Environmental Science
and Technology, Polytechnic of the
South Bank, London SE1 OAA, England
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Science Research Council
Principal Investigator(s):
Mr. H. Haddad
Dr. A. Gummings
Start Date:
1975
Completion Date:
Estimated 1978
Actual probably later
Type of Research Program:
x Applied Research
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Goals: to produce one or more computer pro-
grams which will, fairly reliable, predict
the insertion loss of dissipative mufflers
in a variety of duct systems; also to write
appropriate "design guides" to enable these
design.
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (* 3,461) $5,952.
COMMENTS:
programs to be used by non-acousticians in silencer
Approach: to devise mathematical/physical models for each silencer "element" and to test these
against experiment, eventually producing the simplest, possible satisfactory model for each
element; next, to incorporate these various models, in the form of computer algorithms, into
programs to predict the behavior of whole duct sections including silencers. Then, sound
sources in ducts are to be included in the model, with specificable boundary conditions at the
duct terminations. Eventually, whole programs will (it is expected) be produced, to predict
the insertion loss of various types of silencer in a number of different situations, which may
involve axial temperative gradients and near flow. Where possible, fundamental-mode acoustic
models will be utilized, to reduce computation time.
Results so far: satisfactory models of "bulk-reacting" duct liners and of the high-temperature
behavior of porous sound-absorbing materials have been produced. Uniform near flow models
appear to be adequate.
Publications: one paper associated with this project has been published:
A. Cummings, Journal of Sound & Vibration 1976, ^9_(1), 9-35. Sound Attenuation in Ducts Lined
on Two Opposite Walls with Porous Material, with Some Applications to Splitters.
Several embryonic articles exist, probably to be submitted to the Journal of Sound & Vibration.
Transcribed from the original.
153
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Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Sound and Vibration of Small Electrical Machines.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Heriot-Watt University
Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Grassmarket, Edinburgh, EH1 2Ht
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
The Science Research Council
State House, High Holborn, London, United Kingdom
and a number of machine manufacturers
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. S.J. Yang
Start Date:
Sept. 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated August 1980
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
x Fundamental
x Development (Component or System)
x Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
"Approx. TITS." $9,"500 "foT
Or Total Funding Amount:
IT~_ _ _ _ _ecjuipment_plus 18 man-^months^ _
COMMENTS:
The aims of the research project are to obtain a more thorough understanding of the mechanisms
of sound and vibration production and to provide guidelines on how to design for minimum sound
emission for small electrical machines with a rating up to 10 kw.
The investigations will consist of three parts: (1) the sources of exciting forces; (2) the
behavior of the machine structure and (3) the sound radiation.
Analytical method will be developed to optimise the design of machine parameters based on the
studies on sound radiation efficiency. The analysis will calculate the absolute sound reduc-
tions due to variations in the vibration mode, length-diameter ratio, main machine dimensions,
amplitude and frequency of surface vibrations.
From the results of the above investigations, guidelines on how to design for minimum sound
emission will be presented.
Transcribed from the original.
154
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Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Noise Control
Performing Organization Name & Address:
British Gas Corporation:
Research and Development Division,
Engineering Research Station
P.O. Box 1LH Killingsworth
New Castle-upon-Tyne, NE 99 1LH U.K.
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s) :
D. Headon
Start Date:
Apr. 1972
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
(Over *50,000) $85,980.
Or Total Funding Amount:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication,)
To provide economic noise control advice,
design data and codes of practice for use in
the design of new and existing above-ground
gas installations: to carry out complaint
assessments and make noise control recommendations. Silencing techniques and noise prediction
programmes are being developed. Educational courses on noise appreciation are conducted for
the benefit of British Gas personnel.
COMMENTS:
Publication: Coping with noise problems in the Gas Industry.
D. Headon
Paper presented to the Northern Junior Gas Association
British Gas paper E.94, September 1973.
Transcribed from the original
155
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Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Gear Noise - Effect of Tooth Profile Modification
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Department of Mechanical Engineering
The University, Sheffield SI 3JD
England
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Department of Mechanical Engineering
The University, Sheffield SI 3JD
England
Principal Investigator (s) :
H. Kohler
Start Date:
June 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated Spring 1978
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (-62,000) $3,439.
COMMENTS: Includes overheads
There is no consensus of view or experimental data on acentric action gearing in relation to
noise. Tests with a range of gears with actions from all apprpabhes to all acentricities con-
tinue. Machine, as distinct from gear tooth effects on radiated noise effects, are to be
excluded in an attempt to reach a definitive conclusion on the relationship between profile
modification and noise (and vibration) excitation.
Method: Gears run on variable speed power circulator, acoustic hood over test gearbox - dB(A)
and spectral composition as functions of speed, load, temp., lubrication, etc.
Publication: Departmental Thesis, also technical publication when reliable results achieved.
Transcribed from the original.
156
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Industrial
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Metra Consulting Group LTD
23 Lower Belgrave Street
London, SWIW ONS
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
(Ministry of the Environment) Ministries van
Volksgezondheid en Milieuhygiene, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
P.M.H. Kendall
R.N. Charlton
J. Grayston
Start Date:
Jan. 1976
Completion Date:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Estimated
Actual
Allg.
Funding:
Year
Amount
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
1976 (actual): (-£38,500) $66,204.
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
To investigate the economic consequences of imposing noise zones around agglomerations of
industrial activity. Methods and costs of noise abatement equipment and procedures are being
investigated, together with the reduction of noise at dwelling places within the set zones.
Transcribed from the original.
157
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title: Noise Research on 0 uter and Inner-Geared Pressure-Compensated
Helical Gear Wheels and Wheels With Non-Involute Gear Profile
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Machine Tools
of Stuttgart University
Stuttgart 1, Holzgartenstr. 17
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
German Research Society
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Cosmas Magnus Lang
Start Date:
Oct.1,1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
ActualOctoJT, 19T6
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (100 , OOODM) $42,400
COMMENTS:
The purpose is to determine which design for the pump and
for the gears provides the most favorable condition for an operation
generating little noise in this connection. Experiments are to be
conducted regarding pressure build-up, control of compression oil
flow and of pressure pulsation.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
158
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title: Noise Sources in Presses and Development of Noise Abatement
Measures, as Well as Their Control.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute and Chair for Measurement
Technique in Machine Construction
Hannover, Nienburger Strasse 17
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Frank Schroeder
Start Date:
Jun.1,1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Jun. 30,1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or^ Total Funding Amount: (251, OOODM) $106,424
COMMENTS:
Determination of noise sources in several presses; technical
measurements in regard to noise and vibration on noise-intensive
structural elements and aggregates with due regard for coupling effects;
development and testing of noise abatement measures; formulation of
guidelines, under which already produced machines as well as new ones
can be improved in regard to noise generation.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
159
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project litle: Noise Reduction in Adjustable Axial Piston Pumps by Affecting
the Speed of Pressure Alternation in the Reversing Mechanism.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Chair and Institute for Machine Tools and
Operational Techniques,
Karlsruhe, Kaiserstr. 12
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator (s):
Dipl.Ing. Egon Lechner
Start Date:
Oct.l, 1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Sept. 1, 1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Xll9,OaO_DH) J?50,456 _ _ .
Among other characteristics, axial piston pumps have that of being normally
operated at high system pressures. During the alternation from low pressure to
high pressure and back, significant changes occur in the forces involved which
cause the drive flange and the housing to vibrate. The project aims at effecting
an appropriate alternation geometry so as to stretch the process over as wide an an-
gular range as possible and then to achieve a damping effect. A computer program
is set up to this effect which calculates the pressure variation in the piston.
On the assumption of a favorable pressure configuration, this program should insure
the proper alternation geometry.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
160
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Tltle:safety Spacing for Refineries and Petrochemical Installations
Noise Immission.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Technical Monitoring Association
Koeln, Konstantin-Wille-STR 1
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator (s):
Dr. K. Tegeder
Start Date:
Nov.l,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Mar.31.1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:(20 , OOODM) $8 , 480
COMMENTS:
Calculation of the safe distances for a refinery, assumed
to be a model operation with petrochemical processing C°f ca« 10
tons of crude oil per year) is based on noise immission. The
computation of the immission level occurring in the immediate
surroundings - with indication of duration and frequency - takes into
account the periodic shutting off and damping within the operation as well
as air and soil absorption. Lines of equal noise level were worked
out for levels 35 to 50 db(a) in step intervals of 5 db(a).
Translated and transcribed from the original,
161
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title: Study of the Behavior in Regard to Noise and of the Causes of
Noise in Controllable and Adjustable Hydrostatic Pumps.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Chair and Institute for Machine Tools and
Operational Techniques
Karlsruhe, Kaiserstr, 12
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl.-Ing. Bodo Stich
Start Date:
March 1,1973
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual March 1, 1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
£385,_Oqp_DM) _$163_,240_
COMMENTS:
Aim is to develop a meaningful conception, closely tied to actual operating
conditions, for noise reduction controllable and adjustable hydrostatic pumps by close
collaboration with manufacturers and utilizers of hydraulic drive systems.
Methodology: 1) Construction of an appropriate test bench.
2) Exploration of the present state of the technology (noise
generation) (operation parameters: pump dimensions model)
3) Analysis of sound transmitted by air and sound transmitted by
machine frame (causes of noise and transmission mechanism)
4) Development of noise abatement measures (such as pump model
with forces compensation)
Translated and transcribed from the original.
162
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Production in Flames.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Engler-Bunte Institute of Karlsruhe University
Karlsruhe, Richard. Willstaetter. Allee 5
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Working Group of Industrial Research
Associations F.V. (AIF)
Principal Investigator(s):
Dietmar Pauls
Start Date:
Jan. 1, 1972
Completlon Date:
Estimated
Actual Dec.31, 1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report (s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: $63,600
(150,909- BM)-
COMMENTS:
Level and frequency distribution in flames of varying geometries is
measured, in particular in beam flame with and without twist - A special sampling
device is used to measure noise distribution inside the flames.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
163
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Abatement Measures in Hydrostatic Components and Systems.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Department for Machine Elements and Gears,
Darmstadt Technical Institute
Darmstadt, Magdalenenstr 8-10
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Ministry for Research and Technology
Trade Association Oil Hydraulics
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl. Ing. Wilfried Gerwig
Start Date:
Oct.1,1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Dec. 31, 197-6
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
(18Q,QOQ DMX $.76-,12Q. _ _
Theoretical and experimental studies on frame sound uncoupling of aggregates
in hydrostatic components and systems. Development of calculation bases and selection
criteria for optimally adapted insulation elements as well as preparation of a catalog
of noise abatement measures in the area of hydraulics.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
164
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title: „ .
Noise Emission and Noise Reduction in Electric Arc Furnaces -
Improvement of Health Protection for Personnel.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Operations Research
Institute VDEH
Duesseldorf, Sohnstr 65
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
European Coal and Steel Community,
Luxemberg.
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Alfred Schmitz
Start Date:
April 1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated Ma]
Actual
-1978
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast)1
Amount
DM) $605,896
COMMENTS:
Electric arc furnaces of various types and output (up to 85 mva) are
to be compared experimentally. The charging with various types of charges must be
taken into consideration as well as transformer noises and the mode of operation.
Comparative evaluation should lead to conclusions regarding the most efficient way to
reduce noise.
Translated and transcribed from the original.'
165
-------
Other Indu_strial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title:
Causes of Noise Formation and Pulsations in Gas Burners
For Industrial Furnaces.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Operations Research Institute
Duesseldorf, Sohnstr . 65
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Minister for Research
and Technology
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Alfred Schmitz
Start Date:
July 1,1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual _June 30. 1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (531,OOODM) $225,144
COMMENTS:
Noise measurements are carried out on various industrial
burners of similar construction but varying output. On the basis of
frequency analysis, ways are to be found to achieve reduction of the
generated noises. Using scale model formulas, it is to be determined
whether, e.g., the insights gained on small combustion chambers and
burners regarding chamber geometry and burner output can be applied
to large industrial installations. This research is to produce
suggestions on structural and operational measures in respect to
burner and chamber to reduce noises in the interest of humane working
conditions.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
166
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title:
Development of Devices for Noise Abatement.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ruhrkohle Corp.
Essen, Postfach 5
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Society for Space Exploration, Lim.
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
July 1, 1974
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec. 31, 1977
Actual]
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
£r Total Jundingjtaount: $1^686^00_DM) _$714,8_64_
COMMENTS:
Development of a low-noise pneumatic hammer drill. Development of a low-noise hydrau-
lic hammer drill. Further development of radial sound dampers. Development of a low-
noise planer. Development of a low-noise chain conveyer. Development of low-noise
pushers for chain conveyers.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
167
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Level Measurement and Preventive Steps for Reducing
Noise Levels in Stone Shaping Machinery.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Knauer Corporation
Geretsried 1, Elbestr. 11
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name {» Address:
Ministry for Labor, Health and Welfare,
Duesseldorf
Principal Investigator(s):
Rudolf Pappers
Start Date:
May 1, 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actua]
August 31. 1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual)
1977 (budget).
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
— _(336J0_00_DM)_$142,464
COMMENTS:
Determination of noise level 1ST values in stone shaping machinery (soil proces-
sing) ; ascertaining the principal sources of noise and the radiation behavior - Setting
up a list of preventive measures for noise abatement - Execution of the preventive
measures under laboratory conditions; measurement of control results; introduction of
control results; introduction of improvements in actual practice.
Translated and transcribed from the original. 168
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Reduction in Adjustable Axial Piston-Pumps and Engines.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Brueninghaus Hydraulics
Horb 1, Postfach 80
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Society for Space Exploration
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Oct.l, 1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Sept. 30,, 1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual)-
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
(ZTQ.QOQ QMX $32j6_48D.
COMMENTS:
Aim: through experimental and theoretical study of the pressure reversal mechanism,
(differential cylinder segments, damping slots, combined reversing systems, damping slot
at control level set up according to pressure divider principle) to achieve noise re-
duction in axial piston pumps. A research program independent of pump shape or size is
initiated. Specific coefficients are to take into account geometric and physical
similarity.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
169
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title:
Developmental Work Toward Improving Working Conditions, in
Cleaning Installations.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Buderus Iron Works
Wetzlar, Postfach 1220
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name 6, Address:
Society for Space Exploration
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Sept.1,197
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Mar. 28, 1977
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System;
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the dafp(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:,
(1,092,000 DM1 _$462,Q08 _
COMMENTS:
Aim of this project is to set up a production program that will lead to the
reorganization of a cleaning plant appropriately selected as pilot model. The pilot model is
described as to its actual condition including the levels of dust and noise and the general
climate affecting the men working there.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
170
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title;
Development of an Active Liquid Sound Damper for the Reduction
of Pressure Pulsation and Noise Generation in Hydraulic Installations.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Machine Tools of Stuttgart
University
Stuttgart 1, Holzgartenstr. 17
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
German Research Society
Principal Investigator (s):
Dr. Ing. Cosmas Magnus Lang
Start Date:
Jan.l, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Dec.31, 1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
Amount
1976 (actual):(58,000 DM) $24,592
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Periodic pressure fluctuations in a hydraulic installation caused by positive-
displacement pumps often produce high noise level - The disadvantages of passive liquid
sound dampers — such as limited effectiveness and reduced rigidity of the system —
can be avoided by applying the principle of active sound damping - An electro - hydraulic
control loop is to be tested with which a periodic counter-pressure pulsation is created
to balance the pulsation in the system. This technique is to be tested and analyzed in
regard to its behavior and effectiveness.
171
Translated and transcribed from the original.
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
•^ Development and Prototypal Use of Metallic Construction Elements Made of Hyper-
plastic Materials to Achieve Noise Damping by Means of the Tight Casing Principle.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Metallgesellschaft Corp.
Frankfurt 1, Postfach 3724
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Society for Space Exploration,
Cologne
Principal Investigator (s):
Start Date:
May 1, 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated ^p
Actual
1978
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
]976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
— _(1J843J000_DM)_$781,432
COMMENTS:
Using casings or casing elements made of super-elastic metal, prototypes are
to be tested - The principle of tight casing is to be examined for varying wall dis-
tances. At the same time, variation of the conversion process and the resulting varia-
tion in wall thickness distribution is to be used to determine to what degree the
acoustic characteristics are modified in regard to damping and insulation.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
172
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Abbreviated Listings With Funding
Australia. Industrial Noise Problems - Research. Dept. of
Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Box 498 GPO,
Adelaide (SA) 5001, Australia. Dr. David A. Bies, Reader in
Mechanical Engineering & Director of Acoustics Laboratory-
Sponsor: SA Dept. of Labour & Industry, 55 Waymouth Street, Adelaide,
South Australia 5000. 1977. continuance. Type: Development
(Component or System), Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
& Measurement Methodology. 1977: ($50,000.) $55,500 .
Noise radiation from pipes. Vibrational energy in coupled
structures. Holography - sound radiation. Muffler design.
Duct flow - low frequency control. Circular saws.
Sweden. Development of Less Noisy Methods When Making Cement
Blocks for the Building. Joint Council for Occupational Safety
& Health, Joint Working Party Against Noise in the Cement Industry.
Ingvar Soederstroem. Sponsor: ASF Sweden, Moelndalsvaegen 85,
412 85 Goteborg, Sweden. 1975-1977. 1975: (300,000 Dkr). $ 67,590,
1977: (273,000 Dkr) $61,507.
Sweden. Noise Abatement in Shipyards. Ingemansson Acoustics,
Box 53037, S-40014 Gothenburg, Sweden. Per-Ake Berg Hans
Elvhammar.Sponsor: Arbetarskyddsfonden, Sveavagen 166, S-11346
Stockholm, Sweden. July 1977—June 1980. Type: Development
(Component or System). (Scr 1,900,000) $428,070. Noise
abatement in ship building and ship repair work with respect
to worker's hearing damage risk.
Sweden. Noise and Dust Control in Connection with Jet Burning
in the Quarrying Industry. IFM-Akustikbyran AB, Warfvinges
vaeg 26, S-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden. Sponsor: Swedish Workers
Protection Committee. Stig Soederkvist. 1973-1977. (Scr 250,000)
$56,325. General studies of the industry.
Sweden. Noise Reduction in the Food Industry. Joint Council
on Occupational Safety & Health, Working Party Against Noise in
the Food Industry. Sponsor: ASF, Sweden, Moelndalsvaegen 85,
412 85 Goeteborg, Sweden. 1974: (290,000 Dkr) $65,337. 1975:
(385,000 Dkr) $86,740. 1977: (370,000 Dkr) $83,361.
United Kingdom. Noise Attenuation By Means of Splitters in
Building Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Systems. Bath University:
Sch of Arch & Big, Calverton Down, Bath BA 27 AY, United
Kingdom. Sound Attenuator LTD, East Gates, Colchester, Essex,
COL 2TW, United Kingdom. C.B. Phelps. Sponsor: Science Research
Council. Oct. 1975 -Sept. 1978. (under t5,000) $8,598. To study
percentage perforation and materials used for facing the splitters,
effect of diameter, packing, bonding and orientation of fibres
in the splitter, and geometry of splitter design.
173
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United Kingdom. Measurement and Reduction of Paper and Board
Machinery Noise. Paper Industries Research Association, Randalls
Road, Paisley, Renfrewshire PAI 2BE, United Kingdom. E.R. Gates
Feb. 1975-1976. (fc6200) $10,662. To identify ways of reducing
noise in mills, collect further in-plant data and keep up-to-date
with noise legislation.
West Germany. Analysis of Behavior in Regard To Noise and Noi9e_
Abatement Procedure in Circular Saws Used for Rock Cutting.
Chair and Institute for Finishing Technique and Planing Machine
Tools, Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, West Germany. Prof. Dr. Ing.
Hans Kurt Toenshoff. (300,000 DM) $127,200. Execution of noise
abatement procedure on a circular saw. Estimation of cost for
abatement measures. Presentation of possibilities for compen-
sating increased costs if they should occur.
West Germany. Noise Measurements on Toothed-Wheel gearing.
Institute for Machine Elements, Munich Technical University,
Munich 2, Arcisstr. 21 West Germany. Prof. Dr. Ing. Winter.
Sponsor: German Research Society. Jan. 1, 1970-Dec. 31, 1976.
(30,000 DM) $12,720. Aim: Tooth-wheel noise-vibrations; study
of geometric parameters under high stresses and speed of revolu-
tion beyond the critical range.
West Germany. Noise Studies In Industrial Installations and
Technical Processes On Single Machines as On Groups of Machinery
to Determine Characteristic Emission Levels. Institute for
Construction Machinery and Construction Technology, TH Aachen,
Aachen, Templergraben 55, West Germany. Dr. Ing. Hubert Frenking
Sponsor: Federal Ministry of the Interior. Oct. 15, 1973.Dec. 31,
1976. (1,136,000.00 DM) $481,664.
West Germany. Studies for the Reduction of Cavitation Noises
In Valves Used In Oil Hydraulics. Institute for Hydraulic and
Pneumatic Propulsion and Control, Aachen Technical Institute,
West Germany. Prof. Dr. Ing. Wolfgang Backe. Sponsor: German
Research Society. Sept. 1, 1973. (338,000 DM) $143,312.
Aim is to investigate appropriate structural and wiring altera-
tions by means of which the cavitation noises of the valves for
oil hydraulics might be reduced to an acceptable level or be
eliminated entirely.
West Germany. Extrapolation of Noise Measurements on Hydraulic
Piston Engines. Institute for Piston Engines, Hannover Technical
University,ifannover, Welfengarten 1A, West Germany. Sponsor:
German Research Society. Dipl. Ing. Heyne. Nov. 1, 1973-
Dec. 31,1977. (180,OOODM) $76,320. Investigation of extrapol-
ation possibilities of noise measurements on hydraulic piston
engines.
174
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Other Industrial Equipment
Australia
Project Title:
Vibration of Transformer Tanks
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Department of Mechanical Engineering
University of Queensland
St. Lucia, Qld. 4067
Australia
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. R. J. Hooker
Start Date:
1975
Completion Date:
Estimated 1977
Actual 1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production.)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
^° external funding. One in-house
graduate student.
Noise from large transfer tanks arises when a tank natural frequency is in resonance with twice
mains frequency or a multiple thereof.
The aim is to devise finite element methods for the calculation of natural frequencies of
transformer tanks, taking into account:-
(1) the closed box nature of the structure
(2) addition of stiffening ribs to the tank sides
(3) internal components (core and coils)
(4) filling with transformer oil (i.e. a joint structure-fluid problem with fluid possibly
compressible).
The project is virtually complete. One publication has been issued:-
W.J.T. Daniel and R. J. Hooker, "Natural frequencies of stiffened box structures",
I.E. Aust. Conference on Vibration and Noise Control Engineering, 1976 1-5.
175
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Australia
Project Title:
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation Limited
304 Lorimer Street
Port Melbourne
Victoria 3207, Australia
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator (s):
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Our main activities in the noise field have been in the installation of noise abatement
equipment in factory operating areas so as to reduce noise levels perceived by the operator.
Such equipment included noise booths and special protective clothing for plasma metal
spray work.
Transcribed from the original.
176
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Other Industrial Equipment
Canada
Irojcc i.- e. To investigate Aerodynamic Sources of Noise Generation in Centri-
fugal Fans and Blowers.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
National Research Council of Canada
division of Mechanical Engineering
Ottawa, Canada
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
In-house research
Principal Investigator(s):
3. Krishnappa
Start Date:
"975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
X Development (Component XdftXStf&K&X)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
1 man year
1 man year
1 man year
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Tne program is intended to establish experimentally the principal sources of noise generation
and to correlate the generated noise with the aerodynamic performance parameters of the blower.
It is anticipated that these studies would lead to the design of quiet blowers and fans with
acceptable aerodynamic performances.
In order to establish the areas of research a review of the existing literature on the subject
was published in Reference 1. Noise measurements were made on a wide variety of blowers
identifying the important frequency components. Detailed aerodynamic and acoustic tests were
conducted on two blowers and the results are described in Reference 2. Further investigations
are underway.
REFERENCES
1. Krishnappa, G.
2. Krishnappa, G.
Centrifugal Blower Noise Studies,
Literature Survey and Noise Measurements
NRC ME-244, 1976
Some Experimental Studies on Centrifugal
Blower Noise
INTER-NOISE 77, 1977
177
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
France
Project Title:
Noise in Bottling Plants
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INKS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Principal Investigator (s) :
A. Qamongeot
Start Date:
1977
Completion Dale:
Estimated I978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Lyon CRAM
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1 - ORIGIN AND REASONS FOR THE STUDY
This study was begun at the request of the Lyon CRAM dated June 6, 1975.
The same problems are found in the Paris and Strasbourg regions especially.
2 - CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
The object is to review the various solutions for noise reduction in bottling
plants. Certain model systems have already been set up in other countries: for example,
Karlsberg-Tuborg in Denmark.
3 - STATE OF PROGRESS
This study has not yet been set into motion. It would require visits to a
certain number of plants in order to evaluate the risks of hearing loss, and to review
applicable soundproofing devices. It could begin in 1977 and continue into 1978.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
France
Project Title:
Noise Propagation and Establishment of Acoustic Level in an Industrial Shop
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INRS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator (s) :
H. Leblond
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of P,esearch Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results.
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1 - REASONS FOR THE STUDY
The average noise level that arises in an industrial shop depends upon the
acoustic force emitted by each of the machines, their number, their placement, the geometric
properties of the plant, the number of absorption units in the plant, etc.
Other factors, such as diffraction around the machines, atmospheric absorption
and others are also taken into account.
If the machines are too densely placed, the worker is almost always exposed to
the direct field of noise emitted by the machines, and any acoustic treatment or protective
devices will not be very effective. By spacing the machines out, it is possible to gain
about 5-6 dB on the average noise level. This greater spacing also aids in the efficiency
of the acoustic treatment if the number of absorption units existing in the beginning is
small.
In addition, the use of screens and baffles can also contribute to improving the
noise ambience of an industrial shop.
It is thus interesting to be able to estimate with some precision the noise level?
that will reign in an industrial shop before the factory is built, and thus to undertake,
at the proper time, adequate anti-noise measures.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
179
-------
2 - CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
To make the estimate, classical and easy-to-apply formulas are used, but
these formulas are based on the hypothesis of a perfectly diffused acoustic. ffeM.
It is possible to obtain a better estimate using the method of image sources
or the method of zones; in these methods, the plants are represented by simple geometric
forms.
Despite this simplification, such calculations require the use of a
calculator. To take into account the complex shapes and forms of the industrial plants -
partially separated areas, shape of the roofs, etc, - it is necessary to turn to
experiments with models. It is not certain whether the gain in precision obtained fay a
more faithful reconstruction of the shapes may not be neutralized, without special
precautions, by other sources of error related to an analogical simulation method.
Taking into account the importance of the work that needs to be done,
particularly the programming and planning work in the case of methods based on source
images and zone methods, and the importance of the investment that would have to be made
in the case of experiments on models before beginning work on complex calculation programs
or the construction of laboratory models, it will be necessary to verify that the acoustic
estimate obtained by applying classical formulas is sufficient to warrant action on the
level of actually beginning construction of factories. To this end, we will search out
plants for which the acoustic force of the machines, their placement, the acoustic charac-
teristics of the sites and the average noise levels are known. The values measured will
be compared with the values calculated by means of the classical formulas.
Furthermore, it will also be necessary, by means of applying the results
of onsite research, to estimate a little more precisely the size of the gains it will be
possible to obtain by modifying the characteristics of the rooms. It is evident that
research of great precision is not justified unless the stakes are sufficiently high.
The results of this preliminary phase will determine the remainder of the
study. In general, it would seem wise to proceed in stages in this study; the estimates
obtained at each stage will be compared with the values measured in actual plants.
3 - STATE OF PROGRESS
This study is in the course of being prepared.
Acoustic estimate programs have been set up on an INRS computer. They
call on formulas based on the hypothesis of a diffused field. Application of these
methods to several concrete cases and comparison with results of measurements "in situ"
are underway.
180
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
France
Project Title:
Study of the Noise From Briquette-Manufacturing Devices
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INKS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring Organization Name 6, Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Mr. T. Ho.
H. Leblond
G. Andre
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production;
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1. ORIGIN AND REASONS
This study is in response to a request for preventive services by the Bank of Nantes,
dated November 25, 1975.
The acoustic pressure levels found in working places in these industrial plants are
generally greater than 100 dB(A) sometimes 110 dB(A) during operations of concrete vibration.
2. CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
This project consists of studying the various possibilities of reducing noise from these
machines. According to preliminary observations, two cases can be distinguished:
plants in which the sources of noise are small crafts manufacturing machines;
plants in which one or several machines perform a variety of basic functions: filling
up the molds, stirring, emptying of the molds, transport and storage of the finished
product.
In the first case, it seems that only perfection of the technology of the equipment being
used (setting of the molds, reduction of parasitic vibrations, etc.) would make it possible
to achieve a reduction in noise.
In the second case, greater automation of the machines, which would make complete enclosure
possible, could be a reasonable and economic solution.
Since the Center for Research of theConcr&te Manufacturing Industry (CERIB) is also interested
in this problem, it is anticipated that the INKS will limit itself for the time being to a
general study designed to define the soundproofing possibilities, allowing the CERIB to produce
certain models. The INRS retains all rights to perform any studies at any time, by its own
means, that it deems necessary.
181
-------
3. STATE OF PROGRESS
Engineers of the INRS paid a visit to the CERIB to meet the people occupied with
these problems who are doing the studies and research on the techniques and materials
intended for use in manufacturing concrete.
Preliminary data has been collected at a plant in the Moselle region, where the
levels found in fixed work areas during the "concrete vibration" phase reach 105 dB(A),
and in a factory producing concrete traverses for the railroad (Sarthe), where the levels
reach 114 dB(A).
182
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
France
Project Title:
Inquiry Into Soundproofing Work Being Done In Industry
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INKS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
A. Damongeot
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1. ORIGIN AND REASONS FOR THE STUDY
This study was undertaken at the initiative of the INRS. It has a double aim:
- on the one hand, to establish a catalogue of models and examples that could be useful
to persons confronted with soundproofing problems. This document will group together a certain
number of French and foreign soundproofing examples. This project is in response to a wish
often expressed by the Regional Banks Prevention Service.
- on the other hand, to make cost estimates. By cost, we mean not only the financial
cost, but also the changes made in working habits, particular precautions to be taken, etc.,
changes and precautions which are more or less impor tant depending upon the soundproofing
method used: reduction at the source, covering, use of screens, etc.
2. CONTENTS OF THE STUDY - METHODOLOGY
The study consists of reviewing, with the help of the CRAM, soundproofing systems set up
within the last several years, or systems which will be set up in coming years.
This review will be made under two different phases:
- comparisons within a single factory, before and after soundproofing;
- comparison of two or more factories of similar production which use different methods
or which are organized differently (different machines, different spacing of machines, areas
treated or not, etc.)
We will note the noise levels, differences between them, financial or other costs as well
as the number of people who profit in each case where improvement has been achieved. The
difficulty we will have in collecting these data should be underlined.
183
-------
3. STATE OF PROGRESS
This study has just begun: 85 dossiers that can be partially or entirely used have been
sent by the Regional Banks and Centers for Physical Research. A sample shett has just been
completed, with a simple coding system that will make it possible to determine the origin of
the sheet, and the type of soundproofing used, immediately.
4. CONTINUATION OF THE STUDY - PERSPECTIVES FOR THE FUTURE
This is a very long term study. It will indicate the soundproofing methods most used
in industry, the gains they make possible, and the costs they incur, the word cost being used
in the sense defined in section 1.
Once this inquiry is sufficiently advanced, it will be necessary to conduct another inquiry,
a probe of French industry, in order to estimate the number of workers exposed to different
noise levels: 90 to 95 dB(A), 95 to 100 dB(A), etc.
The results of these two inquiries combined with those of the epidemiological study should
make it possible to find out how many people risk a hearing loss or an aggravation of a hearing
problem each year, the costs of soundproofing, the technological methods, and, based on that,
the national effort that should be undertaken to diminish the risk of professional deafness.
These three inquiries, concerning the problem of noise and deafness, will provide experience
that will be useful in performing similar inquiries into other types of problems and inquries.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
184
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Other Industrial Equipment
Netherlands
Project Title:
Study of Noise Sensitivity of Different Facilities Within Noise
Zones Around Industrial Areas.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
With regard to the application of zoning systems around industrial areas and a
good planological arrangement of the area inside the noise zones, a summary should be
made of the noise sensitivity of the different facilities. Here a relationship should
be sought with the corresponding research projects in the research programs, traffic
noise and aviation noise. An investigation should also be made of which nonacoustic
criteria, chiefly from the standpoint of landscale, cultural history, and suitability,
play a role in the taking of executive decisions regarding the permissibility of
higher noise loads than the preferred limits for noise-sensitive facilities within the
noise zones around industrial areas.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
185
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Other Industrial Equipment
Netherlands
Project Title:
Taking Inventory of the Possibilities of Reducing Noise Emission
in Certain Installations and Parts of Institutions.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This study includes a preliminary study of the possibility of reducing noise
production of certain dominant noise sources within institutions in order to prepare
one or more development projects for quieter noise sources. A proposal should be
made of the types of noise sources coming into consideration and a summary should be
given per noise source regarding the possible noise reducing measures with a conclu-
ding proposal for further research and development work.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
136
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Netherlands
Project Title:
Zoning Around Industrial Areas.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Within the framework of the noise zoning systems around industrial areas in-
cluded in the draft noise nuisance legislation, a manual should be written for the appli-
cation of the different zoning instructions. Here, data obtained on the basis of
different research projects concerning industrial noise should be brought into operational
form with regard to litigation which may arise in zoning procedures. The study has
the purpose not only of making the zoning regulations operational but also to support
and inform governmental and technical litigation which, in the period prior to the in-
troduction of the new law, has already resulted in a better acoustic formulation of
investment plans and planning decisions.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
187
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Netherlands
Project Title:
Study of the Possibility of Reducing the Noise Emission of
Categories of Institutions.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Es timated
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
In order to establish noise zones around industrial areas and the setting of standards
within the framework of the nuisance law and the noise nuisance law for noise emission by
institutions, the parties involved should be able to obtain a good insight concerning the
state of the art in this regard, as well as concerning the anticipated developments in
the technical and economic field that may be relevant for noise production. This research
project intends to acquire an overall view of all of the developments and possibilities
expected in the near future for the reduction of noise emission by different categories
of institutions and their noise-relevant parts. A summarizing view will also be given on
developments that could lead to an increase in noise emission and of possible measures for
preventing this.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
188
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
New Zealand
Project Title:
Noise Reduction in Beef Slaughter-board
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Physics & Engineering Laboratory
Dept.of Scientific and Industrial
Research
New Zealand
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Thomas Borthwick and Sons Ltd
Principal Investigator(s):
K.O. Ballagh
Type of Research Program:
Development (Component or System)
Start Date:
1/3/77
Completion Date:
Estimated 1/10/77
Actual
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
No separate funding
The aim of the project was to reduce the noise level in the beef
slaughterboard area of the freezing works to a comfortable level by
reducing peak impulsive noises and reducing the background noise levels.
The goal was an Leq for 8 hours of less than 85 dBA at any operator
position, with no peak level greater than 90 dBA.
By identifying and measuring each noise source contributing significantly
to the overall noise climate a 4 part program to reduce impulsive noises,
ventilation fan noise, excess reverberation, and general machinery noise
was instituted. The program drawn up is at present being implemented
and no results are as yet available.
Reports to date
Internal Acoustics report
"Noise Control in Waingawa Freezing Works"
Report No. 86905 June 1977
189
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Scotland
Project it e. Noise output From Cage Induction Motor with Non-Sinusoidal
Supply Voltage
r_ Performing Organization Name & Address:
Department of Electronics
and Electrical Engineering
University of Glasgow
Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator (s) :
Dr. D. S. Gordon
Start Date:
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
X
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report (s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
None
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The effects of gap eccentricity have been investigated with a sinusoidal supply voltage and
relationships obtained between eccentricity, torque and sound power.
Similar tests are being carried out with a variable frequency thyristor invertor supply
having a stepped voltage waveform.
Transcribed from the original.
190
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Sound Transmission & Generation in Flow ducts with Axial Temperative Gradients
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute of Environmental Science and Tech.
Polytechnic of the South Bank
London SE10AA, England
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Science Research Council
Principal Investigator (s):
Dr. A. Cummings
Start Date:
Circa 1976
(early)
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
x Applied Research
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Difficult to assess; some funding comes
from the Dissipative Muffler Project.
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Goals: to identify (as far as possible) the
mechanisms of sound generation and transmis-
sion in flow ducts with axial temperative
gradients, and rigid walls; then to produce mathematical models, based on the solutions of a
one-dimensiona] acoustic wave equation, which describe sound generation and transmission in
finite-length ducts with known boundary and source conditions. These models are to be tested
against experimental measurements.
Approach: to utilize fundamental fluid dynamic equations in producing an appropriate one-
dimensional wave equation, and then to solve this equation for specified source and boundary
conditions the solution is reached by a numerical technique (Range-Kutta) and an approximate
analytical method (WKB).
Results: the problem was solved, first in the absence of flow and later in its presence.
Good agreement between experiment and theory was obtained.
Publications: (i) A. Cummings 1977, Journal of Sound & Vibration 51(1), 55-67. Ducts with
Axial Temperative Gradients: an Approximate Solution for Sound Transmission and Generation.
(ii)A. Cummings 1977, Journal of Sound & Vibration 51(1), 143-145. Standing-Wave Analysis
with Temperative Gradients, (iii)A. Cummings. Paper to be presented at 9th I.C.A., MadiM1
July 1977 "Sound Transmission and Generation in Flow Ducts with Axial Temperative Grad.
(iv) Papers of similar title to be submitted to the Journal of Sound & Vibration for publi-
cation.
Transcribed from the original.
191
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Splitter Attenuation - Static Insertion Loss
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sound Attenuators Ltd
Eastgates
Colchester Essex U K
Principal Investigator(s):
G Phelps
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated October 1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Sound Attenuators Ltd
Eastgates
Colchester Essex U K
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
Funding:
Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
To study the basic attenuation along the airway of splitter type attenuators
with splitter thicknesses from 4in to 24in and corresponding airways from
2in to 12in. The work was to determine the change of attenuation rate
with length. This has been initially limiting to normal (0, 0) planewave
propagation, although the apparatus is extendable to control cross-road
excitation above cut-off. Various types of mineral wool materials have
been investigated, together with specialist resonant/reactive diaphragm
type facings.
192
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Factory Noise
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Lucas Industries Noise Centre
Noise Control Group
Lucas-CAV Ltd.
PO Box 36, Warple Way, Acton
London W3 7SS, United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Lucas Industries
Principal Investigator (s) :
M. F. Russell
S. P. May
B. L. Fletcher
D. Malam
P. Wilson
Start Date:
1970
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
_X Fundamental
v Development (Component or System)
Jt_ Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
y Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This is a large and continuing project involving modifications to new and existing plant and
machinery.
1. To minimize the risk to hearing of employes in Lucas Factories.
2. To minimize the nuisance to others in the vicinity of Lucas Factories.
The overall approach has been published as "Machinery Noise the Users Viewpoint" in Proceedings
of 14th Conference on Research & Design of Machine Tools, University of Birmingham 23 September
1976 and in Machinery and Production Engineering Feb. 1977.
193
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
United Kingdom
Project Titla:
Industrial Noise
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Dept. of Industry
London, United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
1977
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The research supported is mainly in the study of the causes of noise and its elimination by
improved design and the use of damping materials. Areas of work covered are pump, cutting
tools, engines, presses, textile, foundry, plastic and general engineering equipment.
Transcribed from the original.
194
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
USSR
Project Title:
Calculation of Noise from Vane-Type Compressed Air' Motor
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s) :
V. N. Kozhin
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The first known attempt is described at determining noise level of a pneumatic rotary engine.
The spectrum of sound pressure produced by exhaust gases is formulated assuming that operation
of the engine is a periodical process. The result of a mathematical analysis is correct on
condition that the factors of expansion series of the Fourier function of exhaust rate are
smaller than the sound propagation rate in the air.
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
195
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
USSR
Project Title:
Scientific and Technical Problems of Industrial 'Noise Abatement; Main
Guidelines for Work Standards of Noise
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s) :
I. I. Bogolepov and D. A. Matelenok
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Suranary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Development of standards for industrial noise minimization in the USSR is reviewed briefly.
Guidelines for Soviet scientific and practical studies of noise abatement are given. Results
are summarized in a study of noise levels in the principal industries. Planning of scientific
and practical studies and their implementation are outlined according to the coordinated plan
of development of state standards on noise suppression COST SSBT 12.1.003-76 under the title
"Noise. General safety specifications".
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
196
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title. increased Damping of Noise Transmitted by Structure Through
Friction Between Machine Parts.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Acoustical Technology
Berlin 10, Einsteinufer 27
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Manfred Heckl
Start Date:
Oct. 1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated t?ept •}(
Actual
1,1 Q77
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name f, Address:
Federal Ministry for Labor and
Social Welfare
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstra Li on (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Yeajr Amo_unt_
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Aim: To determine the parameters (surface, roughness,
contact pressure, type of interface, number of connecting elements)
that affect the damping of noise transmitted by the structure by
friction. fytrthdr, the attainable noise level reduction should be
determined for at least one example (such as machine facing).
Translated and transcribed from the original.
197
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title: Determination of the Noise Emission Level of the High-Rise Torch
in a Refinery as a Function of Operating Condition
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Immission, Work and Radiation
protection of the State Office for Environ-
mental Protection
Karlsruhe, Griesbachstr. 3
west Op-rmanv
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Minister for Research and
Technology
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl. Phys. Gunther Wolff-Zurkuhlen
Start Date:
June 1, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated April 30. 1978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The aim of operating a high-rise torch low in pollutants is essentially
achieved nowadays with low-smoke consumption due to addition of water steam. But this
causes increased noise generation. Therefore, a compromise has to be reached between
pollutant and noise emission. Purpose of this project is to determine the noise
level as well as the frequency spectra occurring during combustion for the various
hydrocarbon mixtures and operating conditions.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
198
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
West Germany
Project Title: Propagation of Machine Noise in Various Terrain Formations
and Industrial Installations and Its Impact on the Working Man.
Performing Organization Name t< Address:
Ordinariate for World Forestry Economy
Hamburg University
Hamburg 80, Leuschnerstr. 1
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year Amount
~1976 (actual) :
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Aim is to study how sound propagates in various terrain
formations and industrial installations, in order to deduce efficient noise
abatement procedures. It has been shown that there are significant
differences between the individual terrain formations in relation to the
varying degrees of stress on the machine and to different seasons of the
year; also, the distribution of noise levels in individual installations
has been determined.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
199
-------
Other Industrial Equipment
Abbreviated Listings
East Germany. Study of Emission of Noise of Mechanical and Aerodynamic
Origin. Central Institute for Occupational Safety, 8020 Dresden, Gerhart-
Hauptmann-Strasse 1, East Germany.
France. Reduction of Noise in the Air by Means of a Filter Screen. National
Center for Scientific Research, 31, Chemin Joseph-Aiguier, 13274 Marseille,
Cedex 2, France. P. Filippi, G. Corsain.
France. Noise from Pneumatic Machines. MACO-NEUDON. 1977.
Italy. Study of the Effects of Noise and Techniques for Overcoming Noise
in Places of Work. National Organization for Accident Prevention, Via
Alessandria 220E, 00198 Rome, Italy.
Norway. Noise and Vibration in Machine Constructions. SINTEF, The Labora-
tory of Acoustics, ELAB, Universitetet I Trondheim, 7034 Trondheim, Norway.
Reduction of noise from selected machines. Detailed studies of vibration
in panels; excitation response and radiation. Transmission of vibrations
through joints and other machine elements.
Poland. Guidelines for Establishment of Anti-noise Protective Zones and
their Development for Selected Groups of Factories. Ministry of Administra-
tion, Territory Development and Environmental Noise Control, Warsaw, Poland.
This project aimed at achieving methods of determining protective zones
around factories in relation to the abatement of noise emission into
adjacent residential areas.
Sweden. Noise Propagation in the Neighboring Area of an Industry - A
Preparatory Study. IFM-Akustikbyran, AB, Box 30021, 400 43, Goeteborg,
Sweden. Sponsor: National Swedish Environment Protection Board.
Switzerland. Soundpower Measurement of Oil Burner-Heat Boiler
Combination. Federal Metal Testing and Research for Industry,
EMPA, Acoustic Department, 600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. Sponsor:
Federal Office for Environmental Protection, 3003 Berne,
Switzerland. Herrn Professor A. Lauber. Type: Fundamental,
Measurement Methodology. 1976-1977. Study results should serve
to establish noise level protection technique with burner-
boiler combination, and to develop suitable measuring regulations,
Switzerland. Sound Absorption and Noise Screens in Large In-
dustrial Halls. Interkeller AG/SA, 8052 Zurich, Switzerland.
W. Stahel, B. Braune.
United Kingdom. Development of Improved Suspended Absorbent
Treatments for Industry. Sound Research Laboratories Ltd.,
Holbrook Hall, Little Waldingfield, Sudbury Suffolk C010 OTH,
United Kingdom. T.P.C. Bramer. Jan 1976~Dec. 1977.
United Kingdom. Sound and Flow Excited Wall Vibration in Curved Annular
Ducts (Theoretical Investigation). Southampton University, Institute of
Sound & Vibration Research, Southampton S09 5NH, United Kingdom.
United Kingdom. Higher Order Mode Acoustic Energy Propagation in Complex
Flow Ducts. Southampton University, Institute of Sound & Vibration Re-
search, Southampton S09 5NH, United Kingdom. P.O.A.L. Davies.
200
-------
United Kingdom. Noise Reduction in Centrifugal Fans. Southampton
University, Institute of Sound & Vibration Research, Southampton
S09 5NH, United Kingdom. C.L. Morfey, P.E. Doak, B.D. Mugridge,
R.B.V. Read and W. Neise (DFVLR, Berlin).
United Kingdom. Noise of Centrifugal Fan Systems. Southampton Uni-
versity, Institute of Sound & Vibration Research, Southampton S09 5NH,
United Kingdom. C.L. Morfey, P.E. Doak, B.D. Mugridge, R.B.V. Read,
and W. Neise (DFVLR, Berlin).
United Kingdom. Noise Generation by Flow Through Splitter Silencers.
Southampton University, Institute of Sound & Vibration Research, Southamp-
ton S09 5NH, United Kingdom. P.E. Doak and P.A. Nelson.
United Kingdom. Engineering Materials. Dept. of Industry, London,
United Kingdom. 1977. Composite materials for use in noise control
covers.
United Kingdom. Mechanical Engineering and Machine Tools. Dept. of
Industry, London, United Kingdom. 1977. Reduction of noise in hydraulic
systems. Noise from circular saws. Noise reduction from paper mills.
Noise form power presses. Fettling noise. Noise caused by percussive
portable tools.
United Kingdom. Technical Aspects of Noise Abatement Zoning in the
Control of Pollution Act. Building Research Establishment, Aylesbur,
Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom. Investigations are being made of the
levels of noise around factories and other fixed industry.
United Kingdom. Design Guidance on Factory Noise. Dept. of Environment,
Dept. of Transportation, London, United Kingdom. 1977.
United Kingdom. Noise Generation by Flow Over Perforated Metal Acoustic
Duct Linings. Southampton University, Institute of Sound & Vibration Re-
search, Southampton S09 5NH, United Kingdom. P.E. Doak, P.A. Nelson.
United Kingdom. Laser Doppler Velocimeter Measurements of Sound Excited
Wall Vibrations in Curved Annular Ducts. Southampton University, Institute
of Sound & Vibration Research, Southampton S09 5NH, United Kingdom. K. Brod
and N.A. Halliwell.
West Germany. Study of Acoustic Fields in Plants and Structures,
Federal Institute of Physics and Technology, Acoustics Division,
Bundesallee 100, Postfach 345, 3300 Braunschweig, West Germany.
P. Dammig, K. Brendel.
West Germany. Noise Reduction in Large Transformers by means of Acousti-
cal Compensation. Burgsteinfurt Section of FH Muenster, Burgsteinfurt,
Lindenstr. 59-60, West Germany. Dr. Ing. P. Walisko.
West Germany. Noise Generation by Combustion Fluctutations in Oil Burners -
Measurement Techniques for Nozzle Impedance and Turnover Fluctuations.
Chair for Applied Thermodynamics, Aachen University, Aachen, Schinkelstr 8,
West Germany. Prof. Dr. Franz Pischinger.
West Germany. Effects of Noise Sources and Reduction of Turbines. Uni-
versity of Aachen, Aachen, West Germany. Prof. David. Sponsor: German
Research Council. 1976.
201
-------
ENGINE TECHNOLOGY AND MACHINE PARTS
See Also Pages:
209
213
203
-------
-------
Engine Technology and Machine Parts
Canada
Project Title:
Reduction of Noise from Small Internal Combustion Engines
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Performing Organization Name & Address:
National Research Council of Canada
Division of Physics
Acoustical Section
Ottawa, Canada KIA OR6
Principal Investigator (s):
A.
J.
J.
E.
Brammer
Piercy
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component r System)
Demonstration (Exper ntal, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
($50,000)
($50,000)
($50,000)
$47,140
$47,140
$47,140
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
The theoretical treatment of exhaust mui "lers
for internal-combustion engines has long been
based on linear acoustic theory. Deviations
between theory and experiment are ascribed
either to non-linear effects associated with
the large pressure amplitudes or to the presence of a steady component of gas flow. Moreover,
recent work in other laboratories suggests that the inclusion of mean gas flow in muffler theory
leads to correct predictions in insertion loss. The purpose of this project is to gain a clear
understanding of the physical phenomena which determine the exhaust noise from single cylinder
engines as used in chain saws and lawn motors.
An initial experiment employing small, single-cavity mufflers demonstrated that deviations
between theory and experiment could exceed 10 dB at 1 kHz and even greater amounts at higher
frequency directionality patterns of the source was examined. The results of both experiments
indicate that the exhaust gas forms a pulsating jet with the velocity of efflux comparable
to the velocity of sound.
Recently a set of six mufflers has been built to cover systematcially the transition from non-
linear to linear behavior expected as the pulsating jet dissipates. All six have co-linear
inlet and outlet pipes and are identical in volume and pipe length, but they differ with
respect in inlet-outlet pipe separation. Preliminary results with a four-stroke engine show
that the insertion loss increases with increasing pipe separation whereas, according to
linear acoustic theory, all six mufflers should produce the same insertion loss.
Transcribed from the original.
205
-------
Engine Technology and Machine Parts
West Germany
Project Title:
Research on Modern Low-Noise Engines Regarding the Connection Between Noise
and the Parameters Affecting the Casing
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Combustion Engines
Graz/1 Oestereich, Kleiststr, 48A
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Ministry of the Economy
Principal Investigator (s) :
Start Date:
Jan. 1, 197j
Completion Date:
Estimated
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Actual Dec. 31. 1976
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual)
1977 (budget);
1978 (forecast):
Amount
DM) $98,368
COMMENTS:
Point of departure: It is possible to reduce appreciably the engine noise by in-
sulating all outside walls and covers against the inner power-transmitting machine parts.
In modern construction this is achieved with self-contained casings; inner motor mounting
can be reduced to engine supports.
Research goal: elaboration of generally applicable foundations for reliable and
cost-efficient design and choice of material in regard to motor casings and their attach-
ments in modern low-noise engines. Application and significance of the result: basis
for the construction and development of low-noise engines. Methodology: on the basis
of existing experimental engines or modern low-noise motor specimens, initial investiga-
tion of processes involved in noise generation. Then, determine experimentally the effect
of the various parameters. Environment and boundary conditions, not applicable.
Factors that affect the outcome: design and choice of materials. Factor that is
affected by result: noise emission. Factor of continuing significance: inner engine
mounting.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
206
-------
CONSUMER PRODUCTS
TOOLS
See Also Pages:
107
109
111
117
121
205
207
-------
Tools
West Germany
Project Title:
Reduction of Total Noise Level in Power Chain Saws
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Piston Engines
Hannover, Welfengarten 1A
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Ing. Klaus Groth
Start Date:
Mar.1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Oct.31,1*76
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report (s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Ministry for Research
and Technology
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Ye_ar_ Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or_ Total Funding Amount :(18 7 , OOODM) $7 9 , 28 8
COMMENTS:
New possibilities of exhaust gas damping are tested on the
saw motors (high rpm 2-stroke engines). 'Further theoretical and
experimental research on the effect of the control periods on noise
emission are included. In addition, motor noises are to be measured
and level of influence should be determined.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
209
-------
Tools
West Germany
,ojccl Title:
Emission Measurements on Compressed-Air Tools
erforming Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Geophysics, Vibration and
Acoustical Technology of the Westfallian
Mine Worker's Union Credit Association
Bochum, Herner Strasse 45
West Germany
rincipal Investigator (s):
Prof. Dr. Heinrich Baule
.-art Date:
Nov. 1, 197tL
Completion Dale:
Estimated
Actual Dec. 31, 1976
:ojcct Summary: (Briefly describe the
als, approach, expected or aetual results,
port(s) generated ami the date(s) of
L-lirat Jon. )
Sponsoring Organization Name (» Address:
Federal Minister of the Int.
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstrat ion (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year Amount
197& (actual)•
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Fundin,- Amount:
:(103,000 DM) $43,672
COMMENTS:
Determination of the actual state of noise emission by compressed-air tools.
Measurement of the emission levels in accordance with general administrative regula-
tions under the federal legislation on emission protection.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
210
-------
Tools
West Germany
Project Title: Reduction of the Total Noise Level in Power Chain Saws, With the Aim to
Designing a Saw Whose Noise Level is Below 90 dB(A)
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Dolmar Maschinen Fabrik
Hamburg 70, Jenfelderstr. 38
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Society for Space Exploration
Principal Investigator(s) :
Prof. Groth
Technical University
Hanover, West Germany
Start Date:
Feb. 15, 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated NOV.
Actual
1Q77
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
°r Total Funding Amount: (664,000 DM) $281,536
COMMENTS:
Aim is the design of a portable power saw (e, 5ps) with a mean sound pressure
level that measures under 90 db (A) at the ear of the operator. Particular attention must
be paid to the ease of handling, the total weight, the motor output, the operating safety
as well as the retail price.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
211
-------
Tools
West Germany
Project Title: study and Development of High-Speed Low-Noise Tools.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Chair and Institute for Finishing,
Technique and Planninp Machine Tools,
Hannover, Welfengarten 1A,
West Germany.
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Ing. Hans Kurt Toenshoff.
Start Date:
Jan. 1, 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Dec. 31, 1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Development of high-speed tools able to
meet the requirements for high cutting
velocity and for quiet operation as
well. Improvement of working conditions
Measurement of mechanical, technological
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: $106 000
COMMENTS:
and acoustical parameters.
Translated and transcribed from the original r-erman.
212
-------
Tools
Australia
Project Title:
Noise Characteristics of Small Two-Stroke Engines [Lawnmowers]
_i Performing Organization Name & Address:
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
University of Adelaide
Adelaide
South Australia 5001
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
University of Adelaide
Jrincipal Investigator (s) :
Garry L. Brown
Adrian David Jones
Start Date:
May 1973
Completion Date:
Estimated T,af.p 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
x_ Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
N/A
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The invesigation was initially aimed at studying the noise sources on a two-stroke rotary
lawnmower. Investigations of exhaust noise were aimed out on a two-stroke motorcycle engine
as well as on a lawnmower. Lawnmower noise was considered in terms of the component parts:
inlet, exhaust, mechanical and blade. The nature of mechanical noise and exhaust noise was
found, from, both theoretical and experimental considerations. Piston slap was found to be
the dominant source of mechanical noise.
A study of the gas dynamics and the associated sound power radiated during the exhausing
process of both engines was made.Measurements of far field sound pressure level and pres-
sures inside several exhaust systems agreed well with predictions. The theoretical pre-
dictions were obtained by calculations based on the method of characteristics.
Jones, A.D. and Brown, G.L. (1976). Characteristics of the Noise Sources in a Rotary two-
Stroke Lawnmower. The Institution of Engineer, Australia, 11-12 October. Preprints of
Papers pp95-96 (The Institution of Engineer, Australia, National Conference Publication
No. 76/9).
Transcribed from the original.
213
-------
Tools
West Germany
Noise Abatement in Lawnmowers and Combination Tools, e.g. Normalization
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Construction Machines
and Construction Technology
Aachen, Templergraben 55
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Hubert Frenking
Start Date:
Jan.1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated n^p
Actual
3 1 t 1 Q7fi
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Reduction of noise in professional and non-professional
installations by establishing objective emission units, graduated
in time, under legislative regulations.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
214
-------
CONSUMER PRODUCTS
APPLIANCES
215
-------
Appliances
Project Title:
Canada
Model Municipal Noise Control By-Law
Performing, Organization Name & Address;
NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL SECTION
ONTARIO MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
135 St. Clair Ave. West
Toronto, Ontario M4V 1P5, Canada
Principal Investigator (s) :
J. Manuel B. Seshagiri
L.G. Kende T. Kelsall
A.G. Taylor J.E. Coulter
Start Date:
Jan., 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual August, 1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
r>|>our,,"ii i ii[; Oi jv'ui zal i on Name f, Address
ONTARIO MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
135 St. Clair Ave. West
Toronto, Ontario M4V 1P5
Canada
Type of PvCijoarch Program:
_ Fundamental
J£_ Development (Component or S->si:em)
Demonstration (Txperimental, Prototype, or
Production)
__X Measurement Ilet liodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
J977 (budget):
19V8 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COritlEtiTS:
($50,000) $47,140
This model by-law has been developed for use by Ontario municipalities. The model by-law
is made up of qualitative and quantitative clauses allowing for comprehensive control of
common noise sources such as air conditioners, powered appliances, vehicles etc. It has
sections dealing specifically with impulsive and intermittent noises, blasting and con-
struction noises. The Model by-law is supported by a number of technical publications,
measurement-standards and measurement procedures.
217
-------
Appliances
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Abatement in Ventilators of Special Air Conditioning Installations
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Saarbergwerke AC
Saarbruecken, Trierer Strasse 1
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
European Coal and Steel
Community
Principal Investigator (s):
Dr. Ing. Hans Guido Klinkner
Start Date:
Dec.1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated Dpr
Actual
Q77
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount :^206 , OOODM) $87 , 344
COMMENTS:
Aim is to study the effectiveness of sound dampers for
ventilators of varying output, and to prepare a catalog listing
effective sound damping measures for differing operating conditions.
Expectations: Test bench examination of ventilators and
ventilator-sound damper combinations; testing of ventilators under
conditions close to actual operational requirements; operational runs;
individual measurements on ventilator-sound damper combinations under
various operative conditions.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
218
-------
Appliances
Austrailia
Project Title:
Domestic Air Conditioners. Noise Prediction and Control
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Public Health Department
Perth, W. Austrailia
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health Department
Perth, W. Austrailia
Principal Investigator(s):
Committee, Chaired by Dr. Carolyn
Mather
Start Date:
1975
Completion Date:
Estimated Nov. 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
GOALS
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
No fixed amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
To establish:
1. A noise rating system for Domestic Unit Airconditioners.
2. Prediction of airconditioner field sound pressure levels from the units
noise rating figure.
3. Methods of reducing noise from domestic airconditioners.
Approach.
Survey of existing methods of rating and prediction, sound power measurements in
reverberation chamber of a sample of air conditioners.
Field Testing of these airconditions.
A sound level prediction system has been established that utilises dB(A) (Power),
noise rating figure for the airconditioners and calculation of sound level in
dB(A) for the fixed installation using nomogram.
Report produced: "Predicting and Controlling the Outdoor Sound Levels of
Airconditioning Units" to be published June 1977
Transcribed from the original,.
219
-------
Appliances
Canada
Project Title:
10 dB Insertion Loss Cowling for Window Air Conditioner
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ontario Ministry of the Environment
135 St. Clair Avenue West
Toronto, Ontario M4V 1P5
Canada
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
L. G. Kende
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
A residential window air-conditioner was located in between two detached houses, causing
annoyance by creating a steady 63 dBA level at the property line. A "home-made" plywood
and fibreglass intake/discharge cowling was designed to reduce the sound radiated by the
unit. Several versions of the cowling were made with increasing silencing efficiency to
a maximum of 10 dB overall insertion loss. This resulted in what was judged to be an
acceptable sound level in that particular location.
Transcribed from the original.
220
-------
Appliances
Netherlands
Project Title:
Noise Requirements For Domestic Appliances
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year_
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
In this study, the necessary data will be obtained for making executive decisions on
the basis of article 2 of the nuisance bill with regard to noise production by
domestic appliances. In performing the study, use will be made of data obtained in
an earlier study, and if applicable, data used abroad for establishing noise require-
ments and EG guidelines. The study will concern types or categories of domestic
appliances under typical conditions of use and the noise levels occurring then,
the measuring methods to be used, and other possible aspects for the establishment
of specifications and requirements to be imposed on operating controls.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
221
-------
Appliances
Netherlands
Project Title:
Continued Operations Check on Appliances
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry of Public Health and Environmental
Protection
Ministry of Social Affairs
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator (s) :
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Sunmary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Investigations conducted for this project should lead to conclusions as to how the continued
operations check to enforce legal provisions limiting appliance noise can best be organized.
Using data obtained from other research projects in this program, optimal procedures for the
continued operations check should be developed for the various categories of appliances.
Transcribed from the original.
222
-------
Appliances
Netherlands
Project Title:
Placement of Appliances in the Home (Domestic Appliances and Stereo Sound Systems)
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry of Housing and Physical Planning
Ministry of Public Health and Environmental
Protection
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The purpose of this project is to look into the possibilities for occupants to select, place
and use appliances in such a way in the home so as to cause as little noise nuisance as
possible. It is known that noise nuisance caused by appliances is a result of the combined
influence of the appliance/apparatus itself, its place and use in the dwelling, and the
acoustic quality of the dwelling. An inventory of these factors will be made using data
available from existing publications and research for the purpose of drawing up operational
guidelines.
Transcribed from the original.
223
-------
Appliances
Netherlands
Project Title:
Defining the Acoustic Attributes of Appliances
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry of Public Health and Environmental
Protection
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget) :
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The purpose of this project is to obtain basic information for implementation based on
article 8 of the Noise Abatement Bill, concerning the labeling and definition of the
acoustic attributes of certain categories of appliances. This project is also concerned
with working out the ideas developed in the OECD on product labeling.
Transcribed from the original.
224
-------
Appliances
Netherlands
Project Title:
Noise Inspection of Appliances
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry of Public Health and Environmental
Protection
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
i Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Suimary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This research project serves as preparation for the implementation of article 2 on noise
restrictions on appliances, of the Noise Abatement Bill, specifically concerned with
setting up inspection procedures on noise emissions. Inspections will be set up both for
an appliance type manufactured as a series, and for individual appliances.
The investigation should include an optimal arrangement of inspections for all categories
of appliances affected, with the emphasis on the technical and organizational, legal and
financial aspects of the inspections.
A distinction will be made between those appliances which are or will be affected by E.E.C.
regulations on noise abatement, and those for which noise restrictions will be imposed
autonomously by Dutch legislation. The connection between these regulations and other
aspects of inspection should be elucidated.
Transcribed from the original.
225
-------
Appliances
Netherlands
Project Title:
Noise Restrictions on Domestic Installations
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry of Public Health and Environmental
Protection
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This project is designed to amass the information needed to formulate implementation based
on article 2 of the Noise Abatement Bill, concerning noise nuisance caused by domestic
installations. The project will make use of data obtained from previous research and, if
applicable, specifications used abroad in setting noise restrictions, and E.E.C. regulations.
Each type or category of domestic installation investigated should be tested under representative
working conditions at normal noise levels, using approved methods of noise measurement and
observing any other relevant aspects for the regulations to be established, as well as for the
noise restrictions to be exacted in the continued operations check.
Transcribed from the original.
226
-------
Appliances
New Zealand
>ject Title:
Office Equipment Noise Survey
'forming Organization Name & Address:
Physics &. Eng. Laboratory
Dcpt.of Scientific &. Industrial
Research
Private Bag, Lower Hutt,
LeaJLand
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
-
i ncipal Investigator(s):
R.S. Carter
C.G. Balachandran
Type of Research Program:
.rt Date:
July 77
Completion Date:
Estimated early 19?8
Actual
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
;c-ct Summary: (Briefly describe the
-.Is, approach, expected or actual results,
•-ort(s) generated and the date(s) of
•>] ication. )
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS: No specific funding
A survey of the noise levels of office equipment in common use will be
performed. These noise levels will be evaluated in the light of
international standards and recommendations, and a specification will
be formulated which details allowable noise levels in new equipment.
This specification will be incorporated in the " Gbde of Physical Working
Conditions" for the N.Z. Public Service, and possibly adopted as a
N.Z. Standard. Further recommendations will be made on how to reduce
the noise levels of existing equipment.
227
-------
Appliances
United Kingdom
Project Title:
From Domestic Appliances
Per£01 Ming Organization Name & Address:
SOUHD RESEARCH LABORATORIES US)
HOLERGOK HALL
LITTLE WALDINGFIELD
SUDBURY .SUF7QLK C010 OTK nn-j ted Kingdom
Principal Investigator(s):
J R CDWELL (MR)
T P C
Start Date:
JAN 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated JuITS 1978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
To examine the particular problems of
high speed motors set in very small
casings as in domestic appliances
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Self-sponsored
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype.
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or_ Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
228
-------
CONSUMER PRODUCTS
TOYS
See Also Page:
238
229
-------
Toys
Netherlands
Project Title:
Noise Aspects of Model Planes
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator (s) :
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This research project has the purpose of obtaining insight into the noise problems of
model planes and the possibilities of limiting the noise production of model planes. The
study was performed under the auspices of the Royal Dutch Aviation Association and should
terminate in guidelines which will be propagated by this association through the model
plane clubs connected with it.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
231
-------
CONSUMER PRODUCTS
GENERAL
233
-------
General Consumer Products
Netherlands
Project Title:
Investigation of Noise Made by Alarm Systems (such as AHOB) and by Signal Horns
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry of Transport and Public Works
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
For security reasons, one requisite for an acoustic signal is that the sound it produces be
sufficiently audible to convey the message intended. Npise abatement entails that annoyance
caused to people living nearby be limited as much as possible. This project will endeavour
to find solutions for this purpose. One possibility could be to alter the frequencies used
for the signal, or to (partly) replace audible signals with optical ones.
Transcribed from the original.
235
-------
General Consumer Products
Netherlands
Project Title:
Noise Nuisance Aspects of Acoustic Warning Systems
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This project has the purpose of obtaining insight into the noise nuisance that can
be caused by acoustic warning systems such as burglar alarms, signalling horns and sirens,
as well as the possibilities of limiting noise nuisances by technical interventions, limit-
ations of use, or the application of other warning systems. Regarding safety systems, a
study will also be made of the manner whereby these installations can be prevented from
being heard for a needlessly long time while maintaining the proper operation of the system.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
236
-------
General Consumer Products
Netherlands
Project Title:
Preliminary Study of Noise-Producing Apparatus
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
A sterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This research project has the purpose of obtaining quantitative data on noise production
by a large number of apparatuses such as construction machines, household appliances,
gardening and hobby equipment, residence installations and servicing equipment, use
being made of already existing measurement results from domestic and foreign cases.
The data are also used for establishing priorities with regard to bringing about legal spe-
cifications for the noise production by apparatuses and systems and in the preparation
of the instructions.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
237
-------
General Consumer Products
Netherlands
Project Title:
Noise Requirements for Hobby & Recreation Equipment
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name k, Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
In this study, data will be obtained that are required for the making of executive de-
cisions on the basis of article 2 of the noise nuisance bill with respect to noise
production by hobby and recreation equipment. In conducting the study, use will be
made of data obtained from earlier studies and, if applicable, data used abroad for
establishing noise requirements and ECE guidelines. The study will concern types or
categories of hobby and recreational equipment under typical conditions of use, the
noise levels pertaining to them, the measuring methods used and other possible
aspects for establishing specifications as well as requirements imposed for operating
control.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
238
-------
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
239
-------
Agricultural Machinery
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Tractor and Machinery Noise
Performing Organization Name & Address:
NIAE
Wrest Park
Silsoe
Beds, United Kingdom
Principal Investigator (s) :
J. D. C. Talamo
Start Date:
May 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated March 1979
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries & Food
Great Westminster House
Horse ferry Rd.
London SW1P 2AE, England.
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
NIL
(i26,000) $44,710.
(£26,000) $44,710.
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Future Work
Now that tractor driver noise exposure has been reduced, attention must be given to reducing the
noise of trailed machinery and to protecting the operators of fixed plant.
Field Machinery Noise
Two aspects are in need of investigation. Firstly, the sources and levels as they affect
the tractor driver and the machine operators. It is proposed that we make measurements of
the noise of' a range of field machines in operation on local farms. Individual machines which
embody basic noise generating mechanisms will be studied in more detail with special emphasis
on their treatment potential.
Secondly, the identification and analysis of the audible cues used by drivers with special
attention to how these are modified by modern low noise cabs. '
Noise From Mixed Plant
It is proposed that the data collected in 1969-71 is checked against plant and equipment now
available, that the noise exposure of operators be measured using the noise average meter and
pocket dose meters in order to predict hearing damage risk, and finally that, if possible, we
cooperate with machinery suppliers in the design and commissioning of one or two installations
with the object of minimising internal and external buildings noise.
Transcribed from the original.
241
-------
Agricultural Machinery
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Tractor Noise Studies
Performing Organization Name & Address:
NIAE
Wrest Park
Silsoe
Beds, United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
M.A.F.E.
Great Westminster House
Horse Ferry Road
London SW1P 2AE
United Kingdom
Principal Investigator(s):
J.D.C. Talamo
Start Date:
Sept. 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated npr. IQTft
Actual nec, 1976
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
_X Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
(415,000)
Nil
Nil
$25,794
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Noise Reduction of Tractors Not Fitted With Cabs
The goal was to assess the possibility of achieving U.K. driver's ear noise limits without
fitting a cab to a tractor.
The approach was to determine the noise reductions needed for the component noise sources and
compare those with the noise reductions which are possible using existing technology. Methods
included measurement in a noise test chamber (semi-anechoic) and computer prediction of combined
sound loads.
The results exceeded expectations: a 43 h.p. tractor was treated and tested to obtain a maximum
noise level of 88 dBA with no loss of power (reduced from 10 dBA).
Reference:
Talamo J.D.C. Tractor noise reduction exercises 1976: Reducing the noise level at the driver
on a 43 h.p. tractor without a cab. NIAE Dep. Note DN/E/744/1430 (Unpublished) 1976.
Transcribed from the original.
242
-------
ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
BUILDING ACOUSTICS
See Also Pages:
132
173
264
272
243
-------
-------
Building Acoustics
Japan
Project Title:
Research on the Mechanism of the Floor Impact Noise Generation
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Research Laboratory, Shimizu
Construction Co., Ltd.
2-1, Takara-machi, Chuo-ku
Tokyo, Japan
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
T. Oribasa
K. Kubota
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated 1983
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
(*6,000,000) $22,026
(11,000,000) $3,671
unknown
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The goals
The effective planning method of the reduction on the floor impact noise.
The approach
By the scale model experiments.
Transcribed from the original.
245
-------
Building Acoustics
United Kingdom
Project Title: investigations of Potential for Combining Thermal Insulation and Sound
Absorption in Industrial Buildings
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sound Research Laboratories Ltd.
Holbrook Hall
Little Waldingfield
Suffolk, United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
J. R. Cowell
Start Date:
Nov. 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated Summer 1977
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
___ Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (under -i 5,000) $8598.
COMMENTS:
To examine how far thermal insulation (used in industrial building construction) can double
as sound absorbing material to reduce industrial noise levels, thereby allowing economy of
construction. Tests will be carried out on alternative roof deck constructions to assess the
interaction between thermal insulation, acoustic absorption and condensation, within the context
of weatherproofing requirements and normal decking constructions, to obtain optimum performance
in terms of each variable. The outline plan for the research has been developed and detailed
tests procedures being finalised.
Transcribed from the original.
246
-------
Building Acoustics
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Noise and Vibration Transmission in Concrete Structures
Performing Organization Name & Address:
London University, Chelsea College:
Department of Physics
Magresa Road
London, SW3
United Kingdom
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. H.G. Leventhall
P.P. Chatterton
Start Date:
Oct. 1973
Completion Date:
Estimated Sept. 1976
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Science Research Council
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Productioii)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (£16,000) $27,514.
COMMENTS:
To investigate vibration and noise transmission paths in buildings. Equipment is being developed
to measure energy transmission between locations in a structure. Large element of field work will
be involved.
Transcribed from the original.
247
-------
Building Acoustics
West Germany
Project Title:
Analysis of Research Results for DIN 4108 and DIN 4109
Performing Organization Name & Address:
German Commission on Norms
Berlin, Reichpietschuffer 72-76
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Ministry for Land Use, Home Construction
and Urban Development
Principal Investigator (s):
Start Date:
June 1, 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
ActualMay 31. 1976
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual)
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
T~_ _ C21, Q00_ DM). $10., 6J30_
COMMENTS:
The Federal Ministry for Land Use, Home Construction and Urban Development has spent
considerable funds to support research in the area of heat and sound insulation. The reports
on the results are available. It is now indispensable to adapt the recognized construction
principles for sonic and thermal insulation (DIN 4108 and DIN 4109) to these new insights.
1) Analysis of the available research reports and selection of the themes which
should be considered in developing norm guidelines on heat and sound insulation.
2) Proposals for appropriate formulation and justification before the participating
organizations.
3) Integration of the insights, taking into consideration practical necessities.
4) Allowing for experimental results obtained by other nations, insofar as possible
and advisable.
5) Comprehensive report on the insights which have flown from construction research
into norm development.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
248
-------
Building Acoustics
West Germany
Project Title:
Major Construction Project, Columbus Center in Bremerhaven
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Acoustical and Vibration
Technology
Hamburg 70, Fehmarnstr. 12
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Neue Heimat Word
Bremen
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Manfred Kessler
Start Date:
Jan.1,1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: £200 , OOOJ>MI$84 , 800
COMMENTS:
Extensive urban building project with professional
installations and homes. Research in the areas of environmental
protection (traffic noise, machine noise), building acoustics,
space acoustics.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
249
-------
Building Acoustics
West Germany
Project Title: Computation of Real Noise Propagation Within Certain Built-Up Conditions
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Technical Monitoring Association
Koeln, Konstantin-Wille-STR. 1
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl. Phys. W. Gloeckner
Start Date:
May 1,1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Jan 30.1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
(8,OOODM)$3,392
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Computation is to follow an existing model, using
documentation collected by Prof. Roeurer under a commission from
MAG (URW). The documentation is entitled "Possible solutions for
the close bunching of industry and residences by means of architectural
shapes and good planning." This is to be transposed from the
perspective of noise levels so as to achieve an optimum solution.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
250
-------
Building Acoustics
West Germany
Project Title:
Noise Abatement with Sanitation Planning
Performing Organization Name S, Addrcsh
Dr. Gluck, Universitatsdozent
Institut Fur Bauingenienrwesen VI
Technische Universitat Munchen
Arcisstrasse 21, D-8000 Munich 2
West Germany
Principal Investigator (s):
Dr. Ing. Gluck
Dipl.-Ing. Bandmann
Start Date:
1974
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Bundesminister Fur Ranmordnung
Baunesen und Madiebam
Deichmannsane
D-5300 Bonn Bad Godesberg
West Germany
Type of Research Program:
Y Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
^ Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
6DM- Wt,000} ^68,-264
COMMENTS:
Working out of possibilities with state sanitation planning,
noise protection aspects to be taken into account, practical testing on 3 case studies.
Publication: Literature series of the Federal Minister for Rural
Planning, Building Systems and Municipal Construction. Volume 03.052.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
251
-------
Building Acoustics
Netherlands
Project Title:
Taking Inventory of Possibilities of Acoustically Favorable Territory
Divisions of Institutions and Industrial Areas
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
The noise sources on the territory of institutions can be of a wide variety of
shapes and sizes. Often by a favorable mutual positioning of these, sources
with a high noise level can be shielded by other sources or installations arid build-
ings with respect to noise-sensitive objects in the vicinity. It is also sometimes
possible to utilize the radiation properties in certain directions to minimize the
noise load at a certain area. The internal division and situation can not only be of
importance for noise loading on the environment of the institutions but also for
the bordering companies. The study should list the possibilities in this field.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
252
-------
Building Acoustics
Netherlands
Project Title:
Experience With Noise-Reducing Devices in the Residential Situation
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator (s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Within the framework of the future noise nuisance law, in certain heavy load
situations, a reconstruction program will have to be conducted, the purpose of
which will be to reduce the noise load to acceptable proportions. Besides measures
at the institutions, in this connection, devices can also be used in residences
as well as screening devices between residences and industry. The installation of
such devices (on a voluntary basis) can have unfavorable side effects, as a result of
which the residents will not feel the situation to have been improved. One may think
of the "bunker effect" and maintenance problems in the case of extra noise insulation of
residences and the landscape disturbance by screens and walls. The study has the
purpose of obtaining by conducting interviews an insight into the opinion of such
devices by the residents. The results can also be used for improving insight into
the relationship between the noise load and the extent of the nuisance. Relationships
should be sought with the corresponding projects in the research programs for
traffic noise and aviation noise.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
253
-------
Building Acoustics
Netherlands
Project Title:
Domestic Machinery and Appliances (Central Heating and Sanitary)
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry of Housing and Physical Planning
Ministry of Public Health and Environmental
Protection
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator (s):
Start Date:
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1S76 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This project will research standard possibilities for the placement of technical installations
and appliances in the home in such a way that noise levels in adjacent "noise sensitive" rooms
will be as low as possible. This research should take into account both noise sensitive rooms
in the same dwelling and those in the neighboring dwelling(s).
A schematic diagram showing the relations on "rooms and noise levels resulting from domestic
machinery & appliances" should be prepared in this project.
Because the concept here is one of spatial arrangement of elements in the home, the rules
of modular co-ordination will have to be taken into consideration.
The first phase of this project will be a review of available publications on the subject.
Transcribed from the original.
254
-------
Building Acoustics
United Kingdom
Project Title: Predicting Sound Levels
(a) in Air-Conditioned Rooms
(b) the Sound Problems in Landscaped Offices
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Loughborough University of Technology
Leis, England
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
D.J. Croome
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
1980
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
(a) Air-conditioning noise is, of course,
only one part of the background noise spec-
trum for a space, but it has become signi-
ficant over the last decade as more high
velocity systems are being installed, and as people have become more sensitive to internal noise
sources in buildings well insulated from the external environment. Research has been carried
out to investigate the nature and level of sound emitted in rooms served by air-conditioning
systems. An initial survey measured the sound spectra in 74 university lecture rooms. Fans,
motors, vee-belt drives and an airflow system were then installed to serve one lecture room.
It was found that the sound pressure level in the room could be predicted by the equation:
L=40(—r
L=37.4
where L is the sound pressure level in dB(A), v is the air velocity in the main duct and N is
the fan speed (rpm). Furthur field studies are being undertaken on many systems in buildings
to find out if a general formula can be applied in practice.
(b) the aims of the study were:
a) to establish the suitability of the Articulation Index as an acoustic design criterion
for landscaped offices;
b) to investigate the acoustical environment within a specific office, with particular
attention being paid to the problems of privacy;
c) to form some conclusions as to the effectiveness of modern and classical theory in the
prediction of the acoustical environment within landscaped offices.
Transcribed from the original.
255
-------
Building Acoustics
USSR
Project Title:
Testing Sound-Absorbent Linings in Large Work Shops
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s):
I. M. Vitrinsky and D. Kh. Slobodnik
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Testing of various sound-absorbent linings is described in production shops of nails, rubberized
fabric shoes and cotton fabrics. Linings of reinforced concrete ceilings and walls were tested
for their noise-minimizing effect in large shops, e.g., 150 x 75 m or 150 2t 40 m. and 5 to 13.5 m.
high. Noise levels and noise frequency spectra were measured at several points in the shops
before and after installation of linings. A decrease of noise levels by 4 to 7 dB was observed
in several points of the shops.
It is concluded that the sound- absorbent linings are as effective in large shops, with plane
dimensions much greater than height, as in small shops.
Translated and abstracted from the origianl Russian.
256
-------
Building Acoustics
USSR
Project Title:
Sound Absorbent Resonance Grating for Lining of Industrial Premises
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute]
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s):
V. F. Lukashevich and A. S. Churilin
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Suiranary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or TotaJ Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
A new sound-absorbent lining structure for industrial premises was developed and tested by
the authors. The lining is described as a network of rectangular sloping plates of metal,
heat-resistant reinforced plastics or other sheet material, excluding porous materials.
The experiment showed predominance of h.f. resonance effect in total frequency characteristic
of the network of vertical sloping plates. Measurement of the coefficient (•=*) of sound
absorption by the reverberation method is described. The best results (the best frequency
characteristic of <--* ) were obtained with 50 cm. large plates, spaced at 20 cm. intervals,
with a 10 to 30° slope. An improved model of plates network exhibited = 0.3 to 0.6 in
the 125 to 1000 Hz band and «* = 0.6 to 0.8 in the 1000 to 8000 Hz band. Testing was carried
out at the Pamfilov Academy of Municipal Services in Leningrad.
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
257
-------
Building Acoustics
Abbreviated Listings
East Germany. Study of a Technique for Measuring Acoustic
Attenuation Caused by the Elements Constituting the Outer
Walls (Laboratory and In Situ Measurements). Central Insti-
tute for Occupational Safety, 8020 Dresden, Gerhart - Hauptmann
- Strasse, East Germany.
France. Reduction of Noise in Pipes by Means of Active Absorbers.
National Center for Scientific Research, 31, Chemin Joseph-Aig-
uier, 13274 Marseille, Cedex 2, France. M. Jessel, T. Angelini.
France. Noise Dissipation in Structures by Visco-Elastic Materials,
National Center for Scientific Research, 31 Chemin Joseph-Aig-
uier, 13274 Marseille, Cedex 2, France. Y. Jullien.
West Germany. Determining the Imprecision of Rapid Measurement
of Architectural Acoustics. Federal Institute of Physics and
Technology Acoustics Division, Bundesallee 100, Postfach 345,
3300 Braunschweig, West Germany. W. Kallenbach, P. Dammig.
258
-------
ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
IMPACT AND VIBRATIONS
See Also Pages:
28
29
103
106
131
200
217
245
247
300
311
259
-------
Impact and Vibration
Argentina
Project Title. Dynamic Behavior of Structural Elements Carrying Elastically
Supported Motors and Engines.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute de Mecanica Aplicada
Base Naval Puerto Belgrano
8111 Argentina
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones
Cientificas y Tecnicas
Rivadavia 1917
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Patricio A. A. Laura
Ing. Jose L. Pombo
Start Date:
Jan. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec.
Actual 40%
1978
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
U.S. 5000 dollars
U.S. 10,000 dollars
U.S. 15,000 dollars
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Naval and mechanical engineers are very often confronted with the problem of mounting different
varieties of engines and motors on structural elements. In order to avoid dangerous resonance
situations the designer must be able to predict natural frequencies of the overall mechanical
system: structure-motor and its elastic mounting.
Ultimately he should also determine mode shapes and dynamic stresses induced by any dynamic
disturbance generated by the engine.
The investigation performed belongs to a broad but detailed long-range research plan aimed
at the improvement of dynamic design of structural elements. More specifically, the ultimate
goal is to provide the basis for more rational design procedures.
Publications resulting from this research program are published in Journal of Sound and
Vibration, Applied Acoustics, Journal of Ship Research, etc.
Transcribed from the original.
261
-------
Impact and Vibration
Argentina
Project Title:
Vibration Analysis of Electronic Equipment
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute de Mecanica Aplicada
Base Naval Puerto Belgrano
8111 Argentina
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
CONICET
Rivadavia 1917
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Patricio A. A. Laura
Ing. Jose L. Pombo
Start Date:
Jan. 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec. 1978
Actual 55%
Type of Research Program:
X Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
U.S. $2,000 dollars
U.S. $2,500 dollars
U.S. 10,000 dollars
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
When a printed-circuit board (PCB) vibrates
especially in coincidence with one of its
natural frequencies-connectors work loose,
component leads snap, and the board may even
crack /!/.
Obviously, any of these conditions lead to malfunction of the electronic system. The design
engineer must be able, then, to determine natural frequencies of the mechanical system.
Traditionally, PCB's mostly have been rectangular and supported around the edges, either
continuously or at several points. However, growing use of electronics in unusual new
applications is bringing new challenges to packaging design /!/.
Cylindrical housings may require a circular PCB; others may need triangular or hexagonal
printed circuit boards.
From a mathematical viewpoint, "exotic" boundary shapes generate serious analytical difficulties.
Approximate methods such as finite differences, finite elements, variational procedures, etc.,
must be used. The powerful finite element technique is undoubtedly, today, the most popular
method among analysts.
The present research deals with a comparison of results obtained by means of analytical,
numerical and experimental methods.
References
1. D. S. Steinberg, 1976, Machine Design, May 20, pp. 116-119, "Avoiding Vibration in Odd-
Shaped Printed Circuit Boards".
2. P. A. A. Laura, "The Numerical Solution of Eigenvalue Problems in Domains of Complicated
Boundaries", Sixth International Congress on Acoustics, Tokyo, Japan, 1968.
Transcribed from the original.
262
-------
Impact and Vibration
Denmark
Project TJtJe:
Measurement and Evaluation of Impulse Noise
Pctformiui; Organization JJanc f- Address:
National Agency of Environmental
Protection
Kampmanusgade 1
1604 Kobenhaven, Denmark
Principal "Investigator (s) :
National Agency of Environmental
Protection
Sl.art Date:
1977
Completion Date:
Estimated 1-978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Naire i Address:
Type o£ R.cscarch Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget): (50.000 D.kr.) $8,245
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Measurement and Evaluation of Impulse Noise: a study illuminating
problems in connection with correction for imnulse noise.
263
-------
Impact and Vibration
West Germany
Investigation of Vibration - and Stress Crack Corrosion in Unalloyed or Low-
Alloy Steels for Devices Used in Environmental Technology, and Particularly in Dust Removal
Installations
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Metallgesellschaft Corp.
Frankfurt 1, Postfach 3724
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
German Society for Chemical Instrumentation
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Aug. 1, 1974
Completion Date:
Estimated July 1, 1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
~ I451«.OQO_DM)_$ 191,224.
COMMENTS:
Vibration crack corrosion in elements subjected to alternating mechanical
stress can lead to premature fracture. Therefore information on such corrosion and
its impact level in chemical installations is of general interest. It is the purpose
of this project to gather such data for the most important construction material,
steel, under actual practical conditions. Vibration and stress crack corrosion is also
to be studied in electrofliters used for dust removal. These filters are well suited
for operational tests in which the effect of the material's characteristics, and of
the mechanical and chemical components on vibration and stress crack corrosion are
tested in both unalloyed and low-alloy steels - Chemical and mechanical parameters are
to be studied in laboratory tests and the results are to be compared.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
264
-------
Impact and Vibration
Netherlands
Project Title:
Taking Inventory of the Occurrence of Vibration Nuisances Caused by Institutions
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
An inventory should be taken of the cases where vibration nuisances arise in the
vicinity of institutions in order to establish standards and to formulate management measures
with respect to vibration nuisances caused by institutions. These can involve vibration
nuisances in residential districts and the like and in the adjoining businesses. On the
basis of the results of this study, a further study can be planned on the possibilities of
eliminating vibration nuisances.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
265
-------
Impact and Vibration
United Kingdom
rojec i e. Structural Modelling by the Curve Fitting of Measured Frequency Response Data
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research
The University, Southampton
509 5NH Hants
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
H. G. D. Goyder
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental,, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This report presents a method for deriving the vibration characteristics of a structure
from a set of measured frequency response functions.
A general mathematical model is formulated which makes no assumption concerning the vibrational
behaviour of any particular structure. This model is then employed in a curve fitting
procedure which enables the parameters employed by the model to be determined from a set of
measured data. The model parameters are directly meaningful, being in the form of complex
resonance frequencies and mode shapes.
It is shown that once constructed, the model may be used to predict frequency response functions
which have not been measured. Consequently only one excitation station need be used when
measuring the transfer function of a structure.
Practical measurements taken from a beam are used to demonstrate the capability of the modelling
technique to represent a structure.
Transcribed from the original.
266
-------
Impact and Vibration
USSR
Project Title:
Minimizing Total Vibration of Operator Position by Cushioning Foundations
of Vibration-Percussion Molding Plant
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institut
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s):
S. A. Osmakov
F. G. Braude
Yu. A. Dzhaparidze
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Formulas are derived for the parameters of vibration-insulated foundation of a dynamic
vibration molding plant. The spring-mounted foundation is supported by a case. Single
or double rubber arresters limit displacement of the working plant member on its foundation.
An example is given of calculation of case vibrations for the double arrester variant. A
block diagram of the spring-mounted foundation is shown. A dynamic vibration plant was
constructed at the Leningradorgstroy trust, for molding concrete slabs for sidewalk pavement.
Vibration rate of 0.092 cm/sec, was measured at operator's locations. This rate is close
to the calculated rate and does not exceed the tolerance equal to 0.2 cm/sec.
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
267
-------
Impact and Vibration
USSR
Project Title:
Definition and Classification Criteria of Impulse Noise
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s):
E. D. Vervekin and V. V. Kuznetsov
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual) :
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or TotaJ Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Impulse noise is defined as aural perception of a single or a series of consecutive impacts.
The noise classification criteria proposed in the last few years are criticized as physiologically
inadequate. The authors propose to use pulse repetition rate of, the pears factor D and pulse
front life-time tf as the criteria of noise pulsation, which are the most important characteristics
of damage inflicted on people by impulse noise. Methods of measuring the cited criteria are
briefly outlined. The objective classification criteria of noise pulsations are given as
follows: )
/J-20 GHz
tf 5200 msec.
and D = Limp. (J) - LF(SO 6 dBA
(Limp (J) is the quasi-peak sound level, Lp is background noise level).
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
268
-------
Impact and Vibration
USSR
Project Title:
Sources of Mechanical Noise from Machines and Ways of Minimizing Noise
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Laboratory of Industrial Acoustics
Leningrad, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Council
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Leningrad, USSR
Principal Investigator (s):
I. M. Vitrinsky, N. V. Korchina, and
Z. V. Trandina
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Shock forces generated by impact of machine elements are cited as the principal sources of
machine noise. Several methods are given for minimizing machine noise by controlling shock
forces. Simultaneous control of several parameters determining a shock force is recommended
to achieve the maximum effect. Such an effect may be obtained by vibration insulation of
impacting elements, e.g., a gear rim from its boss or a bearing bush from supporting structure.
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
269
-------
Impact and Vibration
USSR
Project Title:
Calculation of Vibration Insulation of Technical Equipment Mounted on Overhead
Covers of Industrial Buildings
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Industrial Acoustics Laboratory
Moscow, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Moscow, USSR
Principal Investigator (s):
Yu. M. Vasil'yev
A. S. Knyazev
A. N. Rybakov
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Suir-mary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
A procedure is described for calculating parameters of vibration insulation of equipment mounted
on overhead covers of industrial buildings. An example of the calculation is given for an air
blower mounted on a spring shock absorber. Wave effects of the overhead cover, e.g. a pivotally
supported plate of reinforced concrete, are taken into account.
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
270
-------
Impact and Vibration
USSR
Project Title:
Practical Standardization of Vibrations of Machines and Equipment
Performing Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research Institute
of Industrial Hygiene
Industrial Acoustics Laboratory
Moscow, USSR
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
All Union Central Scientific Research
Institute of Industrial Hygiene
Moscow, USSR
Principal Investigator (s):
Yu. M. Vasil'yev
Ya. G. Gotlib
Start Date:
Completion Date
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Sumnary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or TotaJ Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Establishment and control of practical standards for industrial machines and equipment are
discussed. The practical standard of vibration is defined as the threshold vibrational
characteristic of a machine in contrast to hygienic and sanitary standards. The latter deal
exclusively with involving conditions and attempt to insure the safety of the operator.
Quantitative evaluation of practical standards for different machine types is examined in
detail.
Translated and abstracted from the original Russian.
271
-------
Impact and Vibration
Abbreviated Listings
East Germany. Determining the Effect on Buildings of Struct-
ural Noises Emitted by Machines. Central Institute for Occup-
ational Safety, 8020 Dresden, Gerhury - Hauptmann - Strasse 1,
East Germany. Theoretical study and in_ situ, measurements.
Norway. Vibration Isolation. SINTEF, The Laboratory of Acoustics,
ELAB, Universitetet I Trondheim, 7034 Trondheim, Norway. January
1, 1977- Jan 1, 1978. Survey of shock and vibration isolation
techniques. Possibilities and limitations inherent in various
isolation methods. Prediction methods.
USSR. Study and Implementation of Effective Methods of Combating
Noise and Vibrations. Naucno-Issledovatel 'Skij I Proiknyj
Institut Po Gazocistnym Soorusenijam, Tehnike Bezopasnosti I
Ohrane Truda V Promyslennosti Stroitel ' Nryh Materialov (Nip-
iotstrom), Anapskoe Sosse 15, Novorossijsk, USSR.
272
-------
ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS
See Also Page:
152
273
-------
Physical Acoustics
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Propagation of Noise from High Chimneys
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Central Electricity Research Laboratories
Kelvin Avenue
Heatherhead, Surrey KT22 75E
United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Central Electricity Generating Boards
Principal Investigator(s):
C.M. Brownsey
D.R.A. Christie
D.C. Watts
Start Date:
March 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated Mar. 1978
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
$g,59S - $17,196". ~
Or Total Funding Amount: (£5,000.- -t!0,000.)
COMMENTS:
To obtain information on the nature and magnitude of the sound pressure level fluctuations in
noise received at ground level which has been radiated from high chimneys; and to assess the
significance of these fluctuations from the viewpoint of public acceptability.
In the preliminary work, completed in 1973, model tests were undertaken to assess the effects
of the temperature of the exhaust gases and wind-induced plume distortion on the directivity
of the noise emitted from gas-turbine exhaust stacks. The programme of work now includes
model tests of chimney outlet configurations designed to give noise cancellation effects at
ground level.
Transcribed from the original.
275
-------
Physical Acoustics
West Germany
Project Title:
Research on the Transmission Function of Machinery in Regard
to Noise Generation.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Department for Machine, Elements and Gears,
Technological Institute,
Darmstadt, Magdalenenstr. 8-10
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name f» Address:
Working G.roup of I.ndustrial Re-search
Associations
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Dieter Foeller
Start Date:
Jan. 1, 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Dec. 31, 1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
DM)107,272
COMMENTS :
Experimental study of the radiation intensity of machine housing, evaluation of
radiation intensity (with due regard for the physical laws) for spherical and plane ra-
diation. Investigation of the structural noise behavior of machines with the method
of the "finite elements".
Evaluation of the transmission admittance of typical machine structures.
Elaboration of construction guidelines and calculation bases for the design of lower-
noise machines.
Translated and Transcribed from the Original
276
-------
Physical Acoustics
West Germany
Project Title:
Research to Determine the Distribution of Noise Levels by
Meteorological Influences in the Lower Atmosphere.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Technical Monitoring Association
Rheinland E.V.
Koeln, Konstantin-Wille-Str. 1
Western Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. S.C. Martinez
Start Date:
Feb. 1,1976
Completion Date:
Estimated June 30, 1977
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Ministry for Labor, Health and Welfare,
Duesseldorf
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
_(130.000. DM)_ $76^320
COMMENTS:
Elaboration of a computer program for computing noise intensity levels at ex-
tended distance from a source of sound, using measured aerological data. Comparison
and evaluation by means of various existing computation methods. Establishment
of an optimum computer program. Application of the program to various point-sources
of noise at different levels, under different weather conditions and wind directions.
Computation of noise intensity in the vicinity of spread-out industrial installations.
Statistical analysis of the results and comparison with measurements.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
277
-------
Physical Acoustics
West Germany
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
Apr.1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual jept .30,1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the datc(s) of
publJcanion.)
Project Title:
Determination of the Mechanical Input Impedance in Machine Elements
as well as Development of Measures to Achieve Higher Impedance, with Examples.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ingenieurbuero K.P. Schmidt VDI
Mettman, West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Minister for Labor and
Social Welfare
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
DemonstratJon (Experimental, Prototype,
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding :
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or_ Total Funding Amount :( 3 5 5 , OOODM) $ 65 , 7 2 0
COMMENTS :
The resistance (impedance) which counteracts the formation
of noise-generating vibrations is to be ascertained by means of
experimental investigation. On structural elements of machine
construction, a catalog is then to be prepared, listing input impedance
for each of the structural elements typically used in machine design.
In addition, measures are to be proposed for raising input impedance.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
278
-------
Physical Acoustics
West Germany
Project Title: Computation Of Noise Dosage Distribution in Factory Hangars.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute and Chair for Measurement
Teahnique in Machine Construction
Hannover.Nienburger Strasse 17
W«st Germanv
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Walter Ecker
Start Date:
Jan.1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actualjun 30.1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
Funding:
Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or_ Total Funding Amount: (235 , OOODM) $99,640
COMMENTS:
Development of a computer program for the advance calculation
of immission level in plant hangars. Production of a noise map,
accordingly. Basis for the calculations are acoustic and geometric
data from which propagation parameters are deduced for both direct
and scattered sound. Statistical theory, verification of program
by means of measurements in principal points. Further control by
construction of an acoustical scale model (scale 1:10); in it, also
measurement of occasionally fluctuating sounds and taking into
consideration of screening effect in advance computation,,
Translated and transcribed from the original.
279
-------
Physical Acoustics
France
Project Title:
Study of Barriers and Enclosures
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INKS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
H. Leblond
P. Daniere
J. L. Lecoq
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report (s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
1 - REASONS FOR THE STUDY
Enclosures, when they are applicable, are
after reduction at the source, an excellent
means of reducing noise.
Unfortunately, many enclosures are still poorly made: the cover is not well dampened, leaks,
etc. The results obtained with such devices are deplorable.
2 - CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
This study is intended to provide practitioners with a document recalling the general
principles and providing information concerning- materials to be used: isolation index,
internal absorption, inflammability, weight in m , price.
It is documentary above all (bibliography, information indicating manufacturers and
specialized laboratories), but could be complemented with essays or a theoretical study.
Examples of realization, above all those in which the entire enclosure could be obtained
by modifying the work process slightly, are given.
In addition, certain "light" composite materials and partial enclosures will be tried.
3 - STATE OF PROGRESS
A bibliographical study made showed that certain characteristics of acoustic materials
currently being used are not sufficiently precise.
Two methods of measurement that make it possible to obtain:
the absorption coefficients under various conditions, and
- the transmission or acoustic isolation coefficients have been perfected.
They make it possible to try different types of samples, with the measurement methods used
by the INKS.
The attenuation caused by various types of screens that can be used in industry has
been studied using a computer, for ideal conditions in an open field. The influence of
reverberation in the site is in the process of being studied.
4 - PURSUIT OF THE STUDY
The theoretical study of- the influence of screens and partial enclosures will be pursued.
It will be compared with the results of experiments that will be conducted in a hollow chamber
and in an industrial setting.
Translated and transcribed from the original
280
-------
Physical Acoustics
West Germany
Project Title--
Experimental Research on the Interaction of Sound, Flow, Bodies
subjected Flow Action and Consumption in a flame,
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Chair for Applied Mechanics and Fluid
Dynamics,
Goettingen, Boettingerstr. 6-8
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address'
Principal Investigator (s) :
Dipl. Phys. P.E.M. Schneider
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Sound generation and noise abatement in flames affected by sound which flow
toward bodies; flames and flame turbulence; measurement of sound spectrums; strobos-
copic and schlieren optical observations.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
281
-------
Physical Acoustics
Western Germany
Project Title:
Sound Abatement by Condensater.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Chair for Applied Mechanics and the
Physics of Fluids,
Goettingen University
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
German Research Society
Principal Investigator(s):
Dipl. Phys. Killer
Start Date:
July 1, 1973
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Sound waves propating in a mixture of air and sub-microscopic water droplets
is subjected to extraordinarily strong damping. Experimental research aims at determ-
ining under what conditions — if at all — this effect can be used to reduce noise
caused by flow-through.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
282
-------
Physical Acoustics
Abbreviated Listings
East Germany. Study on Models of the Acoustical Characteristics
of Machine Frames. Central Institute for Occupational Safety,
8020 Dresden, Gerhart-Hauptmann - Strasse 1, East Germany.
France. Study of Noises Produced by Friction. National Center
for Scientific Research, 31 Chemin Joseph-Aiguier, 13274 Marseille,
Cedex 2, France. W. Bismuth and J. M. Tatraux - Paro.
France. Possible Propagation of Noise. Atomic Energy Commission,
Protection and Environmental Study Ser., 85x 38041, Grenoble,
France.
West Germany. Effects of the Site Characteristics on the Measure-
ment of Noise. The Rhine-Westphalia Technical School of Aachen,
Machine Research Service, Wuellnerstrasse 5, 5100 Aachen, West
Germany.
283
-------
Physical Acoustics
Swpden
Project Title:
Study of Noise Around Industries. Preliminary Study
Performing Organization Name & Address:
IFM-Akustikbyran AB
Box 30021
400 43 Goeteborg 30
Sweden
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Statens Naturvardsverk
Fack
171 20 Solna, Sweden
Principal Investigator(s):
Lars Nordlund
Start Date:
July 1, 1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual T,IT,O
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
v Measurement Methodology
1077
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
A series of measurements has been carried out
with measurements at 15 different points
around an industrial plant under varying
weather conditions.
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (55,000 sKr.)
~_ .$12,391
COMMENTS:
The results indicate that, with a measurement reading at a point relatively close, the noise
level at points at a farther distance in the same direction, can be estimated quite accurately.
This is the case especially in "tail wind" conditions. The close point, however, must not
be selected so close to the industrial plant that it is affected by changes in the operating
conditions of the noise sources with a more local effect. The closest measurement point should
be selected at a distance about twice as great as the extent of the industrial area. A
correction can be made between the noise level during "tail wind" conditions and the average
noise level during varying weather conditions.
The spread of the measurement readings increases according to the distance from the noise
source if all wind directions are included. On the other hand, the spread does not seem to
increase measurably with the distance if only "tail winds" are included. At a distance
of 1,000 meters, 21 independent measurings are required if all wind directions are included
and a thoroughness with an average of + 2 dB(A) is desired; six measurings are required if
the measuring is done only in "tail wind" conditions.
The variations in the occasional octave bands do not seem to be much different from the
variations in the A-measured sound level.
Restrictions on the wind velocity, in connection with measuring guidelines, seem to have
little effect unless it is also required that measurings be carried out in "tail wind" conditions.
The 24-hour measurements made at one point indicate that readings during periods lasting up
to five minutes are unreliable. In order to obtain relevant measurements a type of sampling
must be used which extends over a longer period of time.
Publication
Report 13 6050.01 "Noise Spread Around Industries". Preliminary Study, June 1977.
Translated and transcribed from the original Swedish
2«4
-------
ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
MEASUREMENT AND METHODOLOGY
See Also Pages:
28
50
55
161
217
219
255
263
277
279
283
285
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Finland
Project Title:
Industrial Noise .
-Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute of Occupational Health
Laajaniityntie 1
01620 Vantaa 62
Finland
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Nordforsk
Type of Research Program:
___ Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, 01
Production)
X Measurement Methodology
-Principal Investigator(s):
Jukka Starck
Start Date:
Jan. 5, 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated Aug. 1978
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication. )
Funding:
Year
Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget): (20,000 FM) $4,900
1978 (forecast): (50,000PM) $12,250
Or Total Funding Amount: (70,000 FM) $17,150
COMMENTS:
This project is being carried out in co-operation with Lydteknisk Laboratorium, Denmark,
Akustisk Laboratorium, Norway and Statens Provningsanstalt, Sweden.
The aim of the project is the sampling of noise emission in the metal and wood industries.
The project has the following three phases:
I Development of the sampling method in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
Development of noise measurement methods.
II 'Practical control of the measuring method.
Ill Establishment of collection system for noise results.
Transcribed from the original.
287
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Japan
Project Title: A Study on the Original
and Labor, etc. Required to .Produce
t-n <-Vio Conora f ^ ^n nf—T? g c f r» V y
Unit (Standard amount of Materials, Power
a Prescribed Amount of Product) in "elation
--. Performing Organization Name & Address:
Fujitsu Fakoma Limited
11-36-5 Shinbashi
Minato-ku, Tokyo
Japan
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Air Quality Bureau
Environmental Agency
1-1-3 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo, Japan
Principal Investigator(s):
Ogiso Daisuke
Start Date:
Jan. 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
March 1977
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
repoit(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Funding:
Year Amount
197~6 (actual):
1977 (budget): $246
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Based upon the actual measurement of the factory noise, a regression formula of the noise
generated in each class and scale of a factory was obtained. However, due to the complexity
of the noise distribution, it was confirmed that subsequent study was necessary.
Translated and transcribed from the original Japanese.
288
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Netherlands
1'rojccL TitJe:
Microphone array
Performing Organisation Naive & Address:
Hoogovens IJmuiden EV
Afd. Milieuhygie'nisch Onderzoek
IJmuiden
Holland
Sponsoring Organization Nair.e & Address:
none (until now)
Principal Investigator(s):
see: performing organisation
Start Date:
Jan. 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated 1978
Actual -
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual): -
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast]
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (/ 100.000,-) $20,240.
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
It is often difficult to indentify an
annoying noise source, especially when
this source is one among many others and the
distance between these sources and the disturbed residential area is 1 to 2 km.
A one-dimensional microphone array possesses a great directivity.
This directivity depends mainly upon: - the number of microphones
- the distances "between the microphones
- the possibility to oppress electronically the
so-called side lobs of the instrument
A first experiment with an array consisting of 10 microphones made us optimistic about
the usefulness for pure tones up to 500 Hz.
Further experiments have to "be made to see what the results are with industrial noise.
About the first experiment, only unpublished reports have been done.
289
-------
.Measurement and Methodology
Netherlands
1'iojc'Ct
Computerised Noise Measuring System,
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Hoogovens IJmuiden BV
Afd. Milieuhygie'nisch Onderzoek
IJmuiden
Holland
Principal Investigator(s):
sees performing organisation
Start Date:
1973
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Sponsoring
none
Organisation Name i Address:
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or Systeir.)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement: Methodology
Fuadinj
Year
Amount
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget)
1978 (forecast):
: 1
: J
150.000,-) $30,360
J '
30.000,-) $ 6,072
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
In 1973 Hoogovens has installed a network
of automatic noise measurement equipment
around the plant site. This system provides
quantitative information on the amount of factory and other noise occurring at the bounderies
of the site.
Since that time there is a continuous development for making this system more useful.
We have extended it with a measurement of wind direction and velocity so firstly we can
distribute the noise levels to the different wind directions and secondly we can eliminate
the noise measurements when they are influenced by wind noise.
Purtherniore we made a program to eliminate the influence of noise from overflying air
aeroplanes.
At this moment we are defining the relations between the measurements made by this network
At the border of the site and the noise levels in the surrounding residential areas,
also in relation to the wind direction and velocity.
Ultimately we hope to possess a system that will be a great help in our environmental
noise control program.
Pnblt Koise emission from a Dutch blast furnace an steel works by Frans A. Loos and.
C. Krijgsman (Proceedings Inter-Jfoise '76)
290
-------
Measurement and Methodology
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Noise & Nuisance at Building & Road Construction Sites.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Building Research Establishment
Transportation Research Laboratory
Garston, Watford
Crowthorne, Berkshire RG 116AU
tfinp-Hnm
ngd
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. F. J. Langdon
C. J. Baughan
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Joint project
Start Date:
Jan. 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated Dec. 1979
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
_X Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount: (approx: -fc 50,000) $85,980
COMMENTS:
Longitudinal, monitored study of conditions at road and building construction sites using
interviews (repeated) of residents, continuous diary keeping and measurement of noise levels.
Aim to produce guideline documents to assist local authorities and contractors to fulfill
legislative requirements of pollution-limiting programmees.
Transcribed from the original.
291
-------
Measurement and Methodology
United Kingdom
Project Title:
Propagation of Noise from Large Industrial Complexes.
Performing Organisation Name & Address:
Acoustic Technology Limited,
58 The Avenue,
Southampton.
SOI 2TA. United Kingdom
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
B. C. Postlethwaite
C. J. Manning
Start Date:
April 1977
Completion Date:
Estimated End 19?8
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
x Development (KBGHpEHEKt or System)
_x_ Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
x Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
Amount
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
1977 (budget): (£15,000) $25794
1978 (forecast): Dependent on initial findings
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
An initial investigation is planned of the reliability of existing prediction techniques for
the propagation of sound away from large industrial complexes. Where necessary, modifications
to these existing procedures will be taade. These may subsequently be tested by experimental
methods at three (initially) large European petroleum sites. The overall aim is to produce a
standard prediction technique which considers statistical parameters for meteorological effects?,
ground impedance barriers etc., in a form suitable for use by industrial personnel, consultants
and planners, and to obtain experimental data on the reliability of such a technique.
292
-------
Measurement and Methodology
West Germany
Project Title:
Development of Uniform Procedures for the Measurement and Evaluation
of the Emmission and Immission of Noise.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Federal Institute for Physics and Technology
Braunschweig
Bundesallee 100
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Martin
Start Date:
Sept. 1, 1973
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual June 30", 1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
J damental
Di" ^lopment (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual)
1977 (budget)
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount;
COMMENTS:
(115,000 DM)_$48,_76_0
Development of uniform measurement and evaluation procedures for effective
noise abatement in the framework of the Federal Govenrments environmental program.
Overview of national and international norms. Overview of the usable classes of ins-
truments, including the test and approval procedures.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
293
-------
Measurement and Methodology
West Germany
Project Title:
Research and Sources of Noise in Industry and in Trade.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Cornier Corp.
Friedrichshafen, Postfach 317
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Minister for Research & Technology
Principal Investigator(s):
Peter Partels
Start Date:
Jan.l, 1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Oct. 31, 19/b
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual)
1977 (budget)
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
J53,000
Elaboration of the principle for a supportive program. Collection of data
(subjective criteria). Selection and setting of priorities. Testing in depth in se-
lected areas.
Comparison of desired conditions (regulations) and actual conditions. Tech-
nical possibilities for improvement.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
294
-------
Measurement and Methodology
West Germany
Project Title: Formulation of Technical norms Within National and International
Frameworks in the Area of Acoustical and Vibration Technology, Particularly for
_Noise and Sounds.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Committegon Norms for Acoustical and
Vibration Technology,
German Institute for Normalization, Inc.
Berlin 30, Burggrafenstr. 4-7
West Berlin
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Federal Ministry of the Interior
Principal Investigator (s) :
Prof., Dr. Diestel
Start Date:
Sept.1,197
Completion Date:
Estimated Aug. 31, 1977
Actual-'
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Total
COMMENTS:
Formulation and application of normalization projects within national and inter-
national frameworks for the scientific and technical preparation of regulations implementing
the federal law for emission control. Norms in the domain of acoustics; particularly:
terminology, noise and sound level measurements for various sources including measurement
instruments and noise evaluation techniques ultrasound and musical acoustics; norms for
mechanical vibrations and percussion; particularly: Terminology, measurement and testing
installations, evaluation standards for vibrations and percussions on various objects,
as well as in regard to the effect on man, preventive measures to reduce vibrations and
percussions.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
295
-------
Measurement and Methodology
West Germany
Project Title: Search for Partial Noise Sources in Finishing Installations by
Means of Short-range Response Density Measurement.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute and Chair for Measurement
Techniques in Machine Construction
Hannover, Nienburger, Strasse. 17
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
German Research Society
Principal Investigator(s):
Dr. Ing. Walter Ecker
Start Date:
May 1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual Dec.31,1976
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount :(130 , 000-DM) $55,120
COMMENTS:
The response measurement is to be made possible under
unfavorable conditions (short-range flows, level of interference).
A microphone is to be developed and calibrated to this effect. A
sonic channel (Kundt tube) is to be set up for the calibration; it
presents high responses with considerable reactive components. The
microphone should be equal to the particular conditions for the
measurements of machine noises.
Translated and transcribed from the original,
296
-------
Measurement and Methodology
West Germany
Project Title. Measurement of Sound Waves Transmitted by Structure in Technical
Building Installations.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Institute for Acoustical Technology
Berlin 10, Einsteinufer 27
West Germany
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Prof. Dr. Manfred Heckl
Start Date:
May 1,1975
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
May
t1 QJ.7
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
DemonstratJon (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount :(9i, OOODM) $38 , 584
COMMENTS:
D&velopment of a measurement technique for technical
building installations with the aim of achieving data for possible
normalization and having reliable measured values for the dimensioning
noise protection measures. An appropriate electrodynamic frame sound
transmitter is to be designed with which measurements can be made in
buildings as well as laboratory tests on technical building installations
to develop dimensioning guidelines for the insulation of technical
building installations.
Translated and transcribed from the original.
297
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Abbreviated Listings With Funding
Sweden. Testing of Noise Meters and Development of Standards
for Noise Measurements. Swedish Standards Institute.
85, 412 85 Goeteborg, Sweden. Asst. professor Hans Jonasson.
July 1, 1975 - June 30, 1976. (116,000 Skr), $26,135.
298
-------
Measurement and "ethodology
Canada
Proicct Title:
Noise Emissions from Large Industrial Operations.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ontario Ministry of the Environment
135 St. Clair Avenue West
Toronto, Ontario M4V IPS
Canada
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
John Manuel
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or_ Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
One of the concerns of the Ontario Ministry of the Environment is sound emissions from large
industrial operations such as refineries, steel mills, etc. These operations with their
multitudinous sound sources may have an impact on significant numbers of nearby residents.
In most cases the problem is complicated by the fact that the sound propagation takes place
over large distances thus bringing atmospheric effects into play. To cope with problem
industries, the Ministry has embarked on a scheme by which such sources will be required
to monitor their own sound levels on a continuous basis in order to arrive at meaningful
statistical data as well as providing regulatory control. A description of one such monitor
and some preliminary results will be presented.
Transcribed from the original.
299
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Canada
Project Title: xhe Technique of Measuriato
Demolition Sites.
Blasting, from Quarry, Construction and
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Ontario Ministry of the Environment
135 St. Clair Avenue West
Toronto, Ontario M4V IPS
Canada
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
W. B. Moore
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
This audio-visual explains the techniques used by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment to
monitor ground borne vibration and overpressure (airblast) at quarry, construction and
demolition sites. The audio-visual includes the choice of instrumentation, the preliminary
questioning of source and receiver and the interpretation of results.
Transcribed from the original.
300
-------
Measurement and Methodology
France
Project Title:
Evaluation of the Acoustic
of Methods of Measurement
Force of Machines, Comparative Studies
Performing Organization Name & Address:
INKS
30, Rue Olivier Noyer
75680 Paris Cedex 14
France
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
H. Leblond
P. Daniere
J. L. Lecoq
Start Date:
Completion Date:
Estimated 1978
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
1 - REASONS FOR THE STUDY
Knowing the acoustic force of machines is of great value. It makes it possible,
in the planning of a factory or industrial plant, to estimate the noise level in work areas
and to adopt the necessary anti-noise measures at a proper time. In particular, it makes
it possible for industrialists and businessmen to choose the least noisy machines from the
wide range offered on the market.
Furthermore, for a greater guarantee that builders will measure acoustic force, it
would be useful to have available a practical on-site or "in situ" method of evaluation that
would also be sufficiently precise. The AFNOR has planned a standard which will make it
possible to undertake measurements in a close range and in any location. Currently there
have been few verifications of the precision of this method.
2 - CONTENTS OF THE STUDY
The methods currently being used to evaluate acoustic force are based on measure-
ments in an open field or in a reverberating space (AFNOR standards S31 022 to S 31 025).
Translated and transcribed from the original.
301
-------
In all cases, a specialized laboratory is required.
The INKS, for its part, uses the method of measurement in an open field
on a reflecting plane (semi-anechoic chamber), which is undoubtedly the best
adapted to precise measurement of the acoustic force of industrial machines.
For large machines or those for which radiation is anisotropic, or those
which emit noises of discrete frequency, errors in the estimates can occur. It
would be necessary to define these errors.
Thus, the study consists of:
- a critical examination of the different standardized methods or those
in the process of "being standardized;
- measurements in a hollow chamber or a setni-reverberating room of the
acoustic power of simple sources with known characteristics, and by means of
different methods.
If the results of the measurements reveal too great a dispersion or a
significant systematic error, it will be necessary to research other means of es-
timating and evaluating acoustic force, means that will be more precise but still
of sufficiently simple application.
3 - STATE_OF PROGRESS
This study has barely been begun. Only a few measurements of the acoustic
force of a dipole of well-known characteristics have been carried out in ei hollow
chamber, using two different methods.
In a pure frequency, differences of more than 3 dB were found, which
confirms the value of this study.
4 - PURSUIT OF THE STUDY
This study will continue until 1978. It will also be the subject of a thesis
by a member of the INRS personnel. The results of this study will make it possible
to prepare the road to a standardization or, even better, regulation demanding
that builders furnish the acoustic force of the machines they sell, just as they
do the other mechanical or electrical characteristics.
302
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Netherlands
Project Title:
Characterizing and Evaluating Industrial Noise.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator (s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Complet ion Da t e:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
C)r_ Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
In the draft noise nuisance legislation, specific scales and standards for the permis-
sibility of the noise load from industrial areas are used on the basis of preliminary studies
and experiences at home- and abroad.
The most important source of data here is the ISO recommendation R-1966-1971, "Assessment of
noise with respect to community response," which publication is also used as a basis for granting
licenses in the framework, of the nuisance law. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether
and to what extent supplementary guidelines are necessary in order to make the system contained
in the ISO/R-1966 better applicable to the situation in the Netherlands. Possible supplements
should concern, above all, the evaluation of particular noises such as impulse noises, pure
tones, strong low frequency noises. If necessary, in a number of specific Netherlands situations,
limited noise interviews should be conducted regarding these aspects. The study should also
investigate the extent to which the evaluation of industrial noise is influenced in the case
of a significant contribution to the noise load by other noise sources, i.e., road traffic
and aircraft.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
303
-------
Measurement arid Methodology
Netherlands
Proicct Title:
For Calculations of the Noise Load Caused by Industrial Areas,
Institutions, Installations.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
es t.
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Establishing measuring methods for determining the emission of industrial
areas, institutions, installations, and parts of installations. Reliable data are necessary
concerning the emission (source strength). The study has the purpose of devising stand-
ardized measuring procedures with which these emission data can be determined in a re-
liable and reproducible manner.
The measuring methods should agree as much as possible with the methods recomend—
ed by the ISO. Information can also be borrowed from various German and English specifica-
tions and publications, among others.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
304
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Netherlands
Proiect Title: Establishing Guidelines for Determining by Measurement the Noise
Load from Institutions.
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Both when establishing noise zones around existing industries and in checking the
observance of the instructions of the nuisance law and the licensing of noise nuisances,
one should perform standardized noise measurements. This study has the purpose of creating
a standardized measuring procedure for the noise load by industry which will prevent the
development of conflicts of interpretation. Here, attention should be focused,aihong other-
things, at the point in time when measurements must be conducted, the meteorological condi-
tions, the processing and the interpretation of the results of the measurements. Guidelines
should also be formulated on the number of repetitions of the measurements. Guidelines
should also be established for performing neighborhood measurements to determine the noise
emission from noise-dominant installations of institutions. Studies should also be mad-
of the situations in which the application of noise monitoring systems for institution,
is rational and which systems should be used.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
305
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Netherlands
Proiect Title: Establishing Instructions for Calculation of the Anticipated Noise
Load From Industrial Areas to Their Environment.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
C>£ Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
With regard to the specifications issued by the government within the framework
of the noise nuisance law concerning a mandatory acoustics study at the time of, among
other things, the designing of new facilities, a set of calculating instructions should
be issued for the noise load within noise zones around industrial areas. Here, among
other things, use should be made of the results of the ICG research program, traffic noise,
for the effect of noise transmission over large distances. The method of calculation
should be made more readily applicable and adapted to the different stages of the
zoning procedures.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
306
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Netherlands
Scuay of woise Radiation Through Smokestacks ana Exhausts and the
Establishment of a Method of Calculation.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
Because of their often considerable acoustic source strength and rather high
position, the mouths of smokestacks and exhausts are often important sources of noise in
connection with the noise load on the environment. It is also necessary that a method
of calculation be available with which noise radiation from such sources can be predicted
with satisfactory accuracy. The study has the purpose of establishing such a method.
The applicability in every case should extend to smokestacks from which smoke gases are ex-
pelled, whether by fans or not, and to the exhausts of large gas turbines and diesel
engines. The method should take into allowance the effect of a hot gas stream on the
emission (including the possible guiding effects) and with the effect of a hot gas stream
on the source properties (effect on noise pressure and/or particle speed in the mouth,
source impedance). In this case, one can continue along the line of Alfredson and Davies,
Mechel, Ingard, and Buiten et al. The method should take the meteorological conditions
such as wind and temperature distribution into consideration, and in this connection,
distinguish between the cases where the mouth of a smokestack is either below or above
an inversion layer.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
307
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Netherlands
Project Tit e. Estabiisning Guidelines for IJetermining the Background Noise Level
for Regions with New Industrial Areas.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Funding:
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
When establishing a new industry, in connection with the preparation of the
standards within the framework of licensing, it is often necessary to measure the background
noise level of the district in question. Although use can be made here of the recommenda-
tions of the International Organization for Standardization, in practice, differences of
interpretation tend to arise here, particularly in connection with the effect of the already
active significant noise sources in the area. The study has the purpose of establishing
a guideline which will contain criteria not only for aspects but also for the time of the
measurement, number of repetitions, weather conditions, and the like, and for the way in
which recognized noise sources should be expressed in the results.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
308
-------
Measurement and Methodology
Netherlands
Project Title:
Taking Inventory of Noise Emission Devices and Large Industrial Installations,
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Dept.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Principal Investigator(s):
Start Date:
est
1976
Completion Date:
Estimated ___
Actual
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expected or actual results,
report(s) generated and the date(s) of
publication.)
Type of Research Program:
Fundamental
Development (Component or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
Measurement Methodology
Funding:
Year
1976 (actual):
1977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Amount
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS:
In order to set up general predictions of the noise load caused by equipment,
data should become available on the general characteristic noise emission of the
most important types and categories of installations occurring in the Netherlands.
These data should be related to the scope, production capacity, the manner of business
management and the state of the art at the time of the construction of the parts of
the institutions in question.
First, as much use as possible should be made of data on known cases.
If necessary, the inventory should be supplemented with the results of new noise mea-
surements. The inventory taking is of special importance for the establishment of
noise zones around industrial areas.
Translated and transcribed from the original Dutch.
309
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Measurement and Methodology
Vest Germany
Project TiLlo: Research and Development on Instruments and Methods for Noise
Measurement.
Performing Organization Name & Address:
Laboratory of noise and vibration measure-
ment of Physikalisch-Technische Bundes-
anstalt, Bundesallee 1OO,
33OO Braunschweig, Germany
Principal Investigator (s):
Prof. Dr. R. Martin
Dipl.-Ing. Ho.-O. Finke
Start Date:
Completion Date:
.Estimated
Actual
conti nuous
Project Summary: (Briefly describe the
goals, approach, expoctcd or actual results,
report (s) generated and the datc(s) of
publication.)
Sponsoring Organization Name & Address:
Bundesminister fur Wirtschafr.
(Federal Minister of Economics)
Type of Research Program:
Y
fundamental
Development (Conponent or System)
Demonstration (Experimental, Prototype, or
Production)
X Measurement MethodoJogy
Funding:
Year Amount
1976 (actual):
J977 (budget):
1978 (forecast):
Or Total Funding Amount:
COMMENTS: no funding
work done within ordinary budget of PTB
Goals:
- improvement of existing instruments
- specifications for new instruments
- improvement of noise measuring methods
- description and reduction of measuring errors and uncertainties
Approach:
- investigation of measuring procedures by application to special cases, e.g. sound
power measurements on bureau machines, noise immission measurements in living
quarters
- testing of special properties of noise measuring instruments, e.g. response to
impulses, rectifier system, averaging
- participation in standards writing groups, national and international
(ISO, IEC, OIML)
Expected:
- improvement of noise measuring techniques and instruments
Publications:
e.g. Annual Reports of PTB
310
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Measurement and Methodology
Abbreviated Listings
Australia. Perfection of A System of Analysis Making It Pos-
sible to Measure All Types of Ambient Noise. National Acoustic
Labs., S. Hickson Road, Millers Point, Sydney, NSW. J. Rose,
L. Kenna, E. Burwood.
Australia. Study of a Method Making It Possible to Measure
and Record Impulse Noises Precisely. National Acoustic Labs.,
5 Hickson Road, Millers Point, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
L. Kenna, D. Nemec, T. Smith.
Czechoslovakia. Development of Methods For Calculating Estim-
ated Noise Levels in Closed Industrial Plants. Working Environ-
ment Research Service, Jeruzalemska 9, 116 52 Praha 1, Czechosl-
ovakia .
East Germany. Measurement of the Acoustic Power of Fans.
Theoretical Study and In Situ Measurements. Central Institute
for Occupational Safety., 8020 Dresden, Gerhart-Hauptmann-
Strasse 1, East Germany.
East Germany. Determining the Level of Acoustic Pressure in
the Area of Machines (Laboratory and jji_Sjltu Measurement s) .
Central Institute for Occupational Safety., 8020 Dresden, Ger~
bart-Hauptmann-Strasse 1, East Germany.
France. Estimating Methods forCaleulating Noise Levels in
Industrial Plants. Atomic Energy Commission , Protection and
Environmental Study Service, 85X 830^1 Grenoble, France.
Norway. Databank for Industrial Noise Sources. SINTEF , The
Laboratory of Acoustics, Elab, Universitetet I Trondheim, 7034
Trondheim, Norway. June 1, 1976. December 31, 1978. Collection
and publication of data. Standardization of measurements.
Norway. Method for Prognosing External Noise from Industry
Including Sound Transmission. Laboratory of Acoustics, Norwegian
Inst. of Technology, Trondheim, Norway. 1977. 1978.
United Kingdom. Improvement of Noise-Measuring Instruments.
Health and Safety Executive Safety in Mines Research Establish-
ment, Red Hill, Sheffield 53 7 HQ, United Kingdom.
USSR. Development of Equipment Making It Possible to Obtain a
Noise Level Compatible with Existing Regulations Relating to
Places of Work and Industrial Locals. Naucno-Issledovatel 'Skij I
Proiknyj Institut Po Gazocistnym Soorusenijam, Tehnike Bezopas-
nosti I Ohrane Truda V Promyslennostie Stroitel 'nyh Materialov
(Nipiostrom) Anapskoe, Sosse 15, Novorossijsk, USSR.
•Jest Germany. Measurement of Acoustic Radiation of the Machine
Elements (Numerical Calculators). The Rhine-Westphalia Tech-
nical School of Aachen, Machine Research Service, WuelInerstrasse
5, 5100 Aachen, West Germany.
311
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Measurement and Methodology
Abbreviated Listings
West Germany. Improvement of Methods for Calculating Character-
istic Values of Fluctuating Noises. Technical Principles of
Noise Measurement. Federal Institute of Physics and Technology,
Acoustics Division, Bundesallee 100, Postfach 345, 3300 Braun-
schweig, West Germany.
West Germany. Improvement of Methods for Measuring Noise Emit-
ted by Machines and Vehicles. Federal Institute of Physics and
Technology, Acoustics Division, Bundesallee 100, Postfach 345,
3300 Braunschweig, West Germany. R. Martin. Subjective evaluat-
ion of noise intensity. Study of methods for identifying sources
of Noise and Vibration.
312
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COUNTRY INDEX OF RESEARCH PROJECTS
313
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ARGENTINA Page
Impact and Vibration
Dynamic Behavior of Structural Elements Carrying
Elastically Supported Motors and Engines. 261
Vibration Analysis of Electronic Equipment. 262
AUSTRALIA
Compressors
Application of "Sound Power" Testing to Silenced
Mobile Compressors. 36
Development of Silenced Mobile Air Compressors. 37
Breakers and Drills
Pneumatic Rock Drill Noise. 61
Woodworking Machinery
Noise Control for Circular and Band Saws. 69
Metal Working Machinery
Noise Control in Impulsive Operations. 91
Other Industrial Equipment
Attenuation of Low Frequency Sound in Ducts
with Flow. 129
Industrial Noise Problems - Research. 173
Vibration of Transformer Tanks. 175
Untitled Project on Factory Noise 176
Tools
Noise Characteristics of Small Two-Stroke
Engines. 213
Appliances
Domestic Air Conditioners. Noise Prediction
and Control. 219
315
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AUSTRALIA (Continued)
Measurement and Methodology
Perfection of a System of Analysis Making
it Possible to Measure all Types of
Ambient Noise. 311
Study of a Method Making it Possibe to
Measure and Record Impulse Noises
Precisely. 311
CANADA
Other Industrial Equipment
Noise from Compressor Stations. 130
To Investigate Aerodynamic Sources of Noise
Generation in Centrifugal Fans and Blowers. 177
Tools
Reduction of Noise from Small Internal
Combustion Engines. 209
Appliances
10 dB Insertion Loss Cowling for Window Air
Conditioner. 220
Model Municipal Noise Control By-Law. 227
Measurement and Methodology
Noise Emissions from Large Industrial
Operations. 299
The Technique of Measuring Blasting from
Quarry, Construction and Demolition Sites. 300
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Measurement and Methodology
Development of Methods for Calculating
Estimated Noise Levels in Closed Industrial
Plants. 311
316
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DENMARK Page
General Construction Equipment
Reduction of Noise in Concrete Industry. 47
Untitled Project on Cement-Making Machinery 43
Other Industrial Equipment
Noise Reduction Methods in Existing
Concrete Component Factories. 131
Impact and Vibration
Measurement and Evaluation of Impulse
Noise. 265
EAST GERMANY
Other Industrial Equipment
Study of Emission of Noise of Mechanical
and Aerodynamic Origin. 200
Building Acoustics
Study of a Technique for Measuring
Acoustic Attenuation Caused by the
Elements Constituting the Outer Walls
(Laboratory and in Situ Measurements). 258
Impact and Vibration
Determining the Effect on Buildings of
Structural Noises Emitted by Machines. 272
Physical Acoustics
Study on Models of the Acoustical
Characteristics of Machine Frames. 283
Measurement and Methodology
Measurement of the Acoustic Power of Fans.
Theoretical Study and in Situ Measurements. 311
Determining the Level of Acoustic Pressure
in the Area of Machines (Laboratory and
in Situ Measurements). 311
317
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FINLAND P.age
Other Industrial Equipment
Paper Machine Noise. 132
Measurement and Methodology
Industrial Noise. 287
FRANCE
Breakers and Drills
Noise from Pneumatic Hammers. 62
Woodworking Machinery
Noise from Planing Machines^. 77
Noise from Molding Machines. 79
Fractional Means of Reducing Noise at
Work Places: Woodsawing Machines with
Circular Blades. 81
Metal Working Machinery
Noise from Rotary Pneumatic Tools. 117
Noise from Manufacture of Metal Packing
Cases. 119
Noise from Turning Lathes. 120
Other Industrial Equipment
Noise in Bottling Plants. 178
Noise Propagation and Establishment of
Acoustic Level in an Industrial Shop. 179
Study of the Noise from Briquette-
Manufacturing Devices. 181
Inquiry into Soundproofing Work Being
Done in Industry 183
Reduction of Noise in the Air by Means
of a Filter Screen. 200
318
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FRANCE (Continued) Page
Noise from Pneumatic Machines. 200
Building Acoustics
Reduction of Noise in Pipes by Means of
Active Absorbers. 258
Noise Dissipation in Structures by Visco-
Elastic Materials. 258
Physical Acoustics
Study of Barriers and Enclosures. 280
Study of Noises Produced by Friction. 283
Possible Propagation of Noise. 283
Measurement and Methodology
Evaluation of the Acoustic Force of
Machines, Comparative Studies of Methods
of Measurement. 301
Estimating Methods for Calculating Noise
Levels in Industrial Plants. 311
ITALY
Other Industrial Equipment
Study of the Effects of Noise and Techniques
for Overcoming Noise in Places of Work. 200
JAPAN
Earthmovers and Related Equipment
The Quieting of the Hydraulic Power Shovel. 27
Compressors
Noise Suppression for Package Type Air
Compressor. 33
319
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JAPAN (Continued) Page
General Construction Equipment
Study of Soundproof Cover for Pile
Driving Works. 49
Other Industrial Equipment
Super-Quiet Fan. 133
Noise Reduction and Prediction System
for Thermal Power Plants. 134
A Study on Prevention of Factory Noise
and Vibration. 135
Building Acoustics
Research on the Machanism of the Floor
Impact Noise Generation. 245
Measurement and Methodology
A Study on the Original Unit (Standard
Amount of Materials, Power and Labor,
etc. Required to Produce a Prescribed
Amount of Product) in Relation to the
Generation of Factory Noise. 288
NETHERLANDS
General Construction Equipment
Noise Requirements for Industrial Equipment. 53
Noise Requirements on Construction
Machinery. 54
Other Industrial Equipment
Study of Noise Sensitivity of Different
Facilities Within Noise Zones Around
Industrial Areas. 185
Taking Inventory of the Possibilities of
Reducing Noise Emission in Certain
Installations and Parts of Institutions. 186
Zoning Around Industrial Areas. 187
320
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NETHERLANDS (Continued) Page
Study of the Possibility of Reducing the
Noise Emission of Categories of
Institutions. 188
Appliances
Noise Requirements for Domestic
Appliances. 221
Continued Operations Check on Appliances. 222
Placement of Appliances in the Home
(Domestic Appliances and Stereo Sound
Systems). 223
Defining the Acoustic Attributes of
Appliances. 224
Noise Inspection of Appliances- 225
Noise Restrictions on Domestic
Installations. 226
Toys
Noise Aspects of Model Planes. 231
General Consumer Products
Investigation of Noise Made by Alarm
Systems (such as AHOB) and by Signal
Horns. 235
Noise Nuisance Aspects of Acoustic Warning
Systems. 236
Preliminary Study of Noise-Producing
Apparatus. 237
Noise Requirements for Hobby & Recreation
Equipment. 238
Building Acoustics
Taking Inventory of Possibilities of
Acoustically Favorable Territory
Divisions of Institutions and Industrial
Areas. 252
321
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NETHERLANDS (Continued) Page
Experience with Noise-Reducing Devices
in the Residential Situation. 253
Domestic Machinery and Appliances
(Central Heating and Sanitary) 254
Impact and Vibration
Taking Inventory of the Occurrence of
Vibration Nuisances Caused by Institutions 265
Measurement and Methodology
Microphone array. 289
Computerised Noise Measuring System. 290
Characterizing and Evaluating Industrial
Noise. 303
For Calculations of the Noise Load Caused by
Industrial Areas, Institutions, Installations. 304
Establishing Guidelines for Determining by
Measurement the Noise Load from Institutions. 305
Establishing Instructions for Calculation of the
Anticipated Noise Load From Industrial Areas
to Their Environment. 306
Study of Noise Radiation Through Smokestacks and
Exhausts and the Establishment of a Method of
Calculation. 307
Establishing Guidelines for Determining the
Background Noise Level for Regions with New
Industrial Areas. 308
Taking Inventory of Noise Emission Devices and
Large Industrial Installations. 309
HEW ZEALAND
Other Industrial Equipment
Noise Reduction in Beef Slaughterboard 189
Appliances
Office Equipment Noise Survey 227
322
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NORWAY Page
Metal Working Machinery
Noise in Foundry Industry. 92
Noise Reduction in the Machine Tool Industry. 125
Other Industrial Equipment
Noise in Food-Processing Industry 136
Noise in Fish-Refinery Industry 137
Noise and Vibration in Machine Constructions. 200
Impact and Vibrations
Vibration Isolation. 272
Measurement and Methodology.
Databank for Industrial Noise Sources. 311
Method for Prognosing External Noise from Industry. 311
POLAND
Earthmovers and Related Equipment
Noise and Vibration Abatement in Construction
Equipment 28
Metal Working Machinery
Untitled Project on Machine Tools
Guidelines for Establishment of Anti-Noise
Protective Zones and their Development
for Selected Groups of Factories. 200
SCOTLAND
Metal Working Machinery
Press Noise Reduction 93
Other Industrial Equipment
Noise Output From Cage Induction Motor with Non-
Sinusoidal Supply Voltage. 190
323
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SWEDEN PAGE
Specialized Mining Equipment.
Noise Abatement in Mining. 44
Woodworking Machinery
Noise Reduction of Nailers 70
Reduction of Noise Generated in Sawmill
Machinery. 81
Sound Dampened Saw. 81
Sound Dampened Helical Cutter Head. 81
Textile Machinery
Development of New Machinery and Improvement of
Existing Ones. 85
Metal Working Machinery
Noise Reduction of Excenter Presses. 94
Improvement of Workplace Noise from
Cutting Tools 95
Reduction of Noise from Sheet Tooling. 96
Reducing Noise by Changing Over to Hydraulic
Methods. Preliminary Study. 97
Combating Noise at Electric Steel Plants. 98
Shockabsorbers at Blanking Operations 99
Noise Abatement in the Engineering Industry. 100
Noise from Excenterpresses. 101
Development of Better Systems For Fastening
Forging Dies. 116
Acoustical Planning of Mechanic Workshops. 116
Arc Welding, Air Gapping, Improvement of Equipment 116
Noise Reduction in Cold Forging. 116
Noise Abatement in Connection with Welding. 116
324
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SWEDEN (Continued) PAGE
Metal Working Machinery.
Oil Burners in the Forging Industry. 116
Survey of the Existence of Infra-Noise in a
Steel Mill. 116
Other Industrial Equipment
Less Noisy Consolidation Methods for Production
of Concrete Elements. 138
Noise Reduction at Painting Spray Guns. 139
Noise Control of Machines for Production of
Concrete Products. 140
Development of Less Noisy Methods When Making
Cement Blocks for the Building. 173
Noise Abatement in Shipyards. 173
Noise and Dust Control in Connection with Jet
Burning in the Quarrying Industry. 173
Noise Reduction in the Food Industry. 173
Noise Propagation in the Neighboring Area of an
Industry - A Preparatory Study. 200
Physical Acoustics
Study of Noise Around Industries. Preliminary
Study.
Measurement and Methodology
Testing of Noise Meters and Development of
Standards for Noise Measurements. 298
325
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SWITZERLAND PAGE
General Construction Equipment
Noise Measurement of Construction Machines. 55
Other Industrial Equipment
Soundpower Measurement of Oil Burner-Heat Boiler
Combination. 200
Sound Absorption and Noise Screens in Large
Industrial Halls. 200
UNITED KINGDOM
Compressors
Development of Production -S ilenced Oil Injected
Screw Air Compressor Plant. 34
Specialized Mining Equipment
Control of Noise (of Machines and Processes
in the Vicinity of Coal Mining Operations). 43
General Construction Equipment
Assessment and Prediction of Noise from Construction
Sites/Propagation of Noise from Construction
Processes. 50
Prediction and Monitoring of Noise Construction
Sites. 51
Construction Equipment: Dumper and Nibbler. 51
Breakers and Drills
Evaluation and Improvement of Construction Pxant
To Encourage the Development of Quieter and
More Efficient Plants. 64
Pile Driving and Hand-Held Concrete Breaker. 66
Woodworking Machinery
Reduction of Noise from Circular Sawing (Mainly
Timber But Applicable Also to Metal). 71
Industrial Noise: Investigation of Methods of
Noise Control in Woodworking Establishments. 72
326
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UNITED KINGDOM (Continued) PAGE
Noise Reduction Technique for Router. 81
Noise Reduction Techiques for Circular Saws. 81
Textile Machinery
Improvement of Working Environments in the Knitting
Industries by Reduction of Process Noise. 86
Reduction of Noise in the Textile Industry. 88
Garment and Allied Industries. 88
Metal Working Machinery
The Mechanisms of Noise Generation From Electric Arc
Furnaces. 102
Hammer Noise at Source. 103
Reduction of Noise From the Operation of Machine
Tools. 122
Reduction in Noise in Foundries. 125
Other Industrial Equipment
Reduction of Noise Emission from Paper and Board
Machines. 141
Industrial Noise: Investigation of Noise Generated
in Materials Handling Systems. 142
Oscillations in Supersonic Flow in a Duct Following
an Abrupt Change in Cross-Section. 143
Electromagnetically Induced Vibrations in Rotating
Electrical Machines. 144
Reduction of Noise From Large Boiler Flues. 145
Industrial Noise: Investigation of Suitable
Materials for Sound Absorption and Sound
Insulation in Sterile Plant. 146
Self-?Toise of Perforate Plate Multiple Helmholtz
Resonator Type Acoustic Liners in Flow Ducts. 147
327
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UNITED KINGDOM (Continued) PAGE
Investigation of Acoustic Enclosures. 148
Velocity-Generated Noise in Air-Conditioning Ducts. 149
Control of Noise and Vibration. 150
Reduction of Acoustic Noise in Small Electrical
Machines. 151
Structural Panels With Noise Suppression
Characteristics. 152
The Design of Dissipative Duct Silencers. 153
Sound and Vibration of Small Electrical Machines. 154
Noise Control. 155
Gear Noise - Effect of Toofh Profile Modification 156
Industrial Noise. L57
Noise Attenuation By Means of Splitters in Building
Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Systems. 173
Measurement and Reduction of Paper and Board
Machinery Noise. 174
Sound Transmission & Generation in Flow Ducts
with Axial Temperative Gradients. 191
Splitter Attenuation - Static Insertion Loss 192
Factory Noise. 193
Industrial Noise. 194
Development of Improved Suspended Absorbent
Treatments for Industry. 200
Sound and Flow Excited Wall Vibration in Curved
Annular Ducts (Theoretical Investigation). 200
Higher Order Mode Acoustic Energy Propagation in
Complex Flow Ducts. 200
Noise Reduction in Centrifugal Fans. 201
Noise of Centrifugal Fan Systems. 201
328
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UNITED KINGDOM (Continued) PAGE
Noise Generation by Flow Through Splitter
Silencers. 201
Engineering Materials. 201
Mechanical Engineering and Machine Tools. 201
Technical Aspects of Noise Abatement Zoning in the
Control of Pollution Act. 201
Design Guidance on Factory Noise. 201
Noise Generation by Flow Over Perforated Metal
Acoustic Duct Linings. 201
Laser Doppler Velocimeter Measurements of Sound
Excited Wall Vibrations in Courved Annular Ducts. 201
Appliances
Noise From Domestic Appliances. 228
Agricultural Machinery
Tractor Noise Studies. 242
Tractor and Machinery Noise. 241
Building Acoustics
Investigations of Potential for Combining Thermal
Insulation and Sound Absorption in Industrial
Buildings. 246
Noise and Vibration Transmission in Concrete
Structures. 247
Predicting Sound Levels (a) in Air-Conditioned
Rooms (b)the Sound Problems in Landscaped
Office. 255
Impact and Vibration
Structural Modelling by the Curve Fitting of
Measured Frequency Response Data. 266
Physical Acoustics
Propagation of Noise From High Chimneys 275
329
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UNITED KINGDOM (Continued)
Measurement and Methodology
Noise and Nuisance at Building and Road
Construction Sites. 291
Propagation of Noise From Large Industrial
Complexes 292
Improvement of Noise-Measuring Instruments. 311
USSR
Compressors
An Aggregate of Sound Suppressing Devices for High
Power Centrifugal Compressors at the Nevskiy
Machine Building Plant. 38
General Construction Equipment
Universal Molding Plant with Improved Noise and
Vibration Characteristics. 50
Breakers and Drills
Design of High-Efficiency Silencer of Noise From
Hand-Operated Compressed Air Machines. 65
Other Industrial Equipment
Calculation of Noise From Vane-Type Compressed
Air Motor.
Scientific and Technical Problems of Industrial
Noise Abatement; Main Guidelines for Work
Standards of Noise. 196
Building Acoustics
Testing Sound-Absorbent Linings in Large Work
Shops. 256
Sound Absorbent Resonance Grating for Lining
of Industrial Premises. 257
Impact and Vibration
Minimizing Total Vibration of Operator Position
by Cushioning Foundations of Vibration-
Percussion Molding Plant. 267
330
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USSR (Continued) PAGE
Definition and Classification Criteria of
Impulse Noise. 268
Sources of Mechanical Noise from Machines and
Ways of Minimizing Noise. 269
Calculation of Vibration Insulation of
Technical Equipment Mounted on Overhead
Covers of Industrial Buildings. 270
Practical Standardization of Vibrations of
Machines and Equipment. 271
Study and Implementation of Effective Methods
of Combating Noise and Vibrations. 272
Measurement and Methodology
Development of Equipment Making it Possible to
Obtain a Noise Level Compatible with
Existing Regulations Relating to Places
of Work and Industrial Locals. 311
WEST GERMANY
Earthmovers and Related Equipment
Measurement of Mechanical Vibrations in Forestry
Vehicles and at Work Sites of the Lumber
industry. 29
Compressors
Noise Reduction in Axial-Slow Compressors. 35
Investigations for Reducing the Noise of Silo
Compressors. 39
Specialized Mining Equipment
Development of Low-Noise Technologies in Mining
and Construction; Calculation of the Noise
Dosage Distribution in Plant Hangars. 44
Improvement of Methods for Measuring Noise
Emitted by Mining Machines. 44
General Construction Equipment
Development of Integrated Noise Protection
Services on Construction Machinery for
Track Laying. 51
331
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WEST GERMANY (Continued) PAGE.
Research and Development Trends Toward Low-Noise
Excavation Techniques for Urban Applications. 52
t
Development of Integrated Noise Abatement
Measures for Pile Drivers - Investigation
of Noise Emission by New Types of Pile
Drivers. 52
Improvement of Environmental Impact of Machines,
in Particular of Construction Machines. 52
Development of Emission Values in Construction
Machines - Elaboration of Scientific -
Technical Principles for the Formulation of
Regulations the Federal Legislation
on Emission Protection. 57
Development of Means for Noise Reduction for
Pile Drivers, Hydraulic Drill, Radial Fan,
and Transport Systems. 57
Woodworking Machinery
The Propagation of the Noise Generated by Forest
Vehicles and Operations of the Lumber Industry
in Certain Types of Stands or Terrain Contours. 73
Determination of the Noise Emission by Production
Liner for Lumber Processing. 74
Effect Levels on Noise Emission in Hot and Cold
Saws and Measures for Noise Abatement. 75
Environmental Impact of Mechanical Lumber
Industry. 80
Noise Research and Noise Reduction in Circular
Saws for Lumber Industry. 81
Possibilities of Reducing Noise Emission by
Lumber Processing Machinery. 81
Textile Machinery
Study and Determination of Measures for Noise
Abatement on Our Spinning Frames and
Drawing Frames. 87
Metal Working Machinery
Humanizing Working Conditions for the Welder. 104
332
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WEST GERMANY (Continued) PAGE
Improvement of Working Conditions in Cleaning
Rooms of Foundries. 125
Study of Noise Impact and Its Reduction in
Sheet Metal Industry. 125
Noise of Machine Tools Used for Removal of
Material (Basic Studies of Types of
Machines, Statistical Properties,
Limitation of the Noise Level). 125
Noise Generation by Cutting Torches and Flame
Cutters. 123
Advance Computation of Noise Dosage
Distribution in Plant Hangars. 124
Other Industrial Equipment
Noise Research on Outer and Inner-Geared
Presure-Compensated Helical Gear Wheels
and Wheels With Non-Involute Gear Profile. 158
Noise Sources in Presses and Development of
Noise Abatement Measures, as Well as
Their Control. 159
Noise Reduction in Adjustable Axial Piston
Pumps by Affecting the Speed of Pressure
Alternation in the Reversing Mechanism. 160
Safety Spacing for Refineries and Petrochemical
Installations - Noise Immission. 16]
Study of the Behavior in Regard to Noise and
of the Causes of Noise in Controllable and
Adjustable Hydrostatic Pumps. 162
Noise Production in Flames. 163
Noise Abatement Measures in Hydrostatic
Components and Systems. 164
Noise Emission and Noise Reduction in Electric
Arc Furnaces - Improvement of Health
Protection for Personnel. 165
333
-------
WEST GERMANY (Continued) PAGE
Noise Abatement at Work Sites in Heavy-Plate
Shearing Roll Trains. 105
Determination of the Impulse Sound Directly
Radiated by the Forge Hammer as Part of
the Total Response. 106
Study of the Behavior of Machine Tool Motors
in Regard to Stiffness and Noise Generation. 107
Noise Abatement in Grinding of Sheet Metal and
of Construction Elements Made of Sheet Metal. 108
Development of a Low-Noise Processing Technique
for Sheet Metal and Sheet Metal Construction
in Substitution for Noise-Intensive Grinding
Processes with Hand-Held Grinding Machines. 109
Study of Data and Methods for the Predetermination
of Noise-Related Behavior of Milling Machines
Under Conditions of Actual Operation. 110
Technical Limiting Values for Planning Machine
Tools With Due Alternaiton Economic Potential
for Low-Noise Design. Ill
Noise Abatement in the Grinding of Sheet Metal
and of Construction Elements Made of Sheet
Metal. 112
Noise Abatement in Rolling Mill Installations
and Finishing Shops 113
Studies for the Development of Noise Abatement
Measures for Forging Presses Based on the
Example of a Double-Sided Executive Forging
Press. 114
Noise Distribution and Propagation in Hangars
of the Steel Industry. 115
Measures for Reducing the Noise of Sheet Metal
Processing Machines. 125
Noise Reduction in Machine Tools. 125
Noise Reduction in Rolling Mills, Furnaces,
Saws. 125
Improvement of Working Conditions for Welders. 125
334
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WEST GERMANY (Continued) PAGE
Causes of Noise Formation and Pulsations in
Gas Burners for Industrial Furnaces. 166
Development of Devices for Noise Abatement. 167
Noise Level Measurement and Preventive
Steps for Reducing Noise Levels in
Stone Shaping Machinery. 168
Noise Reduction in Adjustable Axial Piston-
Pumps and Engines. 169
Developmental Work Toward Improving Working
Conditions, in Cleaning Installations. 170
Development of an Active Liquid Sound Damper
for the Reduction of Pressure Pulsation
and Noise Generation in Hydraulic
Installations. 171
Development and Prototypal Use of Metallic
Construction Elements Made of Hyperplastic
Materials to Achieve Noise Damping by Means
of the Tight Casing Principle. 172
Analysis of Behavior in Regard to Noise and
Noise Abatement Procedure in Circular Saws
Used for Rock Cutting. 174
Noise Measurements on Toothed-Wheel Gearing 174
Noise Studies in Industrial Installations and
Technical Processes on Single Machines as
on Groups of Machinery to Determine
Characteristic Emission Levels. 174
Studies for the Reduction of Cavitation Noises
in Valves Used in Oil Hydraulics. 174
Extrapolation of Noise Measurements on
Hydraulic Piston Engines. 174
Increased Damping of Noise Transmitted by
Structure Through Friction Between Machine
Parts. 197
Determination of the Noise Emission Level of
the High-Rise Torch in a Refinery as a
Function of Operating Condition. 198
335
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WEST GERMANY (Continued) PAGE
Propagation of Machine Noise in Various Terrain
Formations and Industrial Installations and
Its Impact on the Working Man. 199
Study of Acoustic Fields in Plants and
Structures. 201
Noise Reduction in Large Transformers by Means
of Acoustical Compensation. 201
Noise Generation by Combustion Fluetutations
in Oil Burners-Measurement Techniques for
Nozzle Impedance and Turnover Fluctuations. 201
Effects of Noise Sources and Reduction of
Turbines. 201
Combustion
Reduction of Total Noise Level in Power Chain
Saws. 205
Research on Modern Low-Noise Engines Regarding
the Connection Between Noise and the
Parameters Affecting the Casing. 206
Tools
Emission Measurements on Compressed-Air Tools. 210
Reduction of the Total Noise Level in Power
Chain Saws, With the Aim to Designing a
Saw Whose Noise Level is Below 90 dB(A).
Study and Development of High-Speed Low-Noise
Tools. 212
Noise Abatement in Lawnmowers and Combination
Tools, e.g. Normalization. 214
Appliances
Noise Abatement in Ventilators of Special Air
Conditioning Installations. 218
Building Acoustics
Analysis of Research Results for DIN 4108
and DIN 4109. 248
336
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WEST GERMANY (Continued) PAGE
Major Construction Project, Columbus Center
in Bremerhaven. 249
Computation of Real Noise Progagation Within
Certain Built-Up Conditons. 250
Noise Abatement with Sanitation Planning. 251
Determining the Imprecision of Rapid
Measurement of Architectural Acoustics. 258
Impact and Vibration
Investigation of Vibration - and Stress Crack
Corrosion in Unalloyed or Low-Alloy Steels
for Devices Used in Environmental Technology,
and Particularly in Dust Removal Installations. 264
Physical Acoustics
Research on the Transmission Function of
Machinery in Regard to Noise Generation. 276
Research to Determine the Distribution of Noise
Levels by Meteorological Influences in the
Lower Atmosphere. 277
Determination of the Mechanical Imput Impedance
in Machine Elements as well as Development of
Measures to Achieve Higher Impedance, with
Examples. 278
Computation of Noise Dosage Distribution in
Factory Hangars. 279
Experimental Research on the Interaction of
Sound, Flow, Bodies Subjected Flow Action
and Consumption in a Flame. 281
Sound Abatement by Condensater. 282
Effects of the Site Characteristics on the
Measurement of Noise. 283
Measurement and Methodology
Development of Uniform Procedures for the
Measurement and Evaluation of the Emission
and Immission of Noise. 293
337
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WEST GERMANY (Continued) PAGE
Research and Sources of Noise in Industry
and in Trade. 294
Formulation of Technical Norms Within
National and International Frameworks
in the Area of Acoustical and Vibration
Technology, Particularly for Noise Sounds. 295
Search for Partial Noise Sources in Finishing
Installations by Means of Short-range
Response Density Measurement. 296
Measurement of Sound Waves Transmitted by
Structure in Technical Building
Installations. 297
Research and Development on Instruments and
Methods for Noise Measurement. 310
Measurement of Acoustic Radiation of the
Maching Elements (Numerical Calculators). 311
Improvement of Methods for Calculating
Characteristic Values of Fluctuating
Noise. Technical Principles of Noise
Measurement. 312
Improvement of Methods for Measuring Noise
Emitted by Machines and Vehicles. 312
& U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE- 1978-720-335/6030-31
338
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