United States Air Quality Planning EPA450/3-90-014
Environmental Protection And Standards July 1990
Agency Research Triangle Park, NC
(MD-36)
vvEPA Bibliography Of
Selected Reports And
Federal Register Notices
Related To Air Toxics
Volume 4: Citations-1990
Printed on Recycled Paper
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DCN No. 90-203-099-26-09
EPA Contract No. 68-D8-0065
Work Assignment No. 2-6
EPA-450/3-90-014
NATIONAL AIR TOXICS INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE:
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SELECTED REPORTS AND
FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES RELATED TO AIR TOXICS
VOLUME 4: CITATIONS - 1990
FINAL REPORT
Prepared for:
Nancy Riley, Work Assignment Manager
Emission Standards Division
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 5, Library
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ff
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DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication
as received from Radian Corporation. Approval does not signify that the
contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
11
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PREFACE
In response to State and local agency requests for air toxics
information and to support these agencies in their air pollution control
efforts, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency has developed an
information dissemination center, known as the National Air Toxics Information
Clearinghouse. The design and implementation of the Clearinghouse has been
conducted in close coordination with the State and Territorial Air Pollution
Program Administrators (STAPPA) and the Association of Local Air Pollution
Control Officials (ALAPCO).
The purpose of this bibliography is to provide State and local agencies
with citations of reports and Federal Register notices useful in developing
and operating air toxics control programs. The reports selected for this
bibliography were published by the following agencies: U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Academy of Sciences, National Cancer Institute,
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences including the National
Toxicology Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Consumer Products Safety
Commission, and World Health Organization including the International Agency
for Research on Cancer. Relevant reports published by various State and local
agencies are also included in this edition. This edition of the bibliography
updates the cumulative bibliography previously published by the National Air
Toxics Information Clearinghouse, Bibliography of Selected Reports and Federal
Register Notices Related to Air Toxics, four volumes: Volume 1: Citations
(July 1987); Volume 2: Citations - 1988 (July 1988); Volume 3: Citations -
1989 (July 1989); and Index - 1989 (July 1989). The citations selected this
year were compiled from sources available through January 31, 1990.
The Clearinghouse plans to continue to update this bibliography on a
regular basis. Other publications of the Clearinghouse include:
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: Rationale for Air
Toxics Control in Seven State and Local Agencies,
EPA-450/5-86-005, PB86-181179/AS, August 1985;
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: How The
Clearinghouse Can Help to Answer Your Air Toxics Questions,
EPA-450/5-86-009, PB88-157813/XAB, July 1986;
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: Methods for
Pollutant Selection and Prioritization, EPA-450/5-86-010,
PB87-124079/XAB, July 1986;
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National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: Qualitative and
Quantitative Cancer Risk Assessment, EPA-450/5-87-003,
PB88-113188/XAB, June 1987;
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: Bibliography of
Selected Reports and Federal Register Notices Related to Air
Toxics Volume 1: Citations - 1987, EPA-450/5-87-005,
PB88-136601/REB, July 1987, Volume 2: Citations - 1988,
EPA-450/5-88-005, PB89-103436/REB, July 1988;
Volume 3: Citations - 1989, EPA-450/3-89-25, PB-Pending;
Volume 4: Citations - 1990, EPA-450/3-90-014, NTIS number not yet
available, July 1990; and Index - 1990, EPA-450/3-90-014a,
NTIS number not yet available, July 1990;
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: NATICH Data Base
Users Guide for Data Entry and Editing, EPA-450/5-88-001,
PB88-202734/XAB, February 1988;
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: NATICH Data Base
Users Guide for Data Viewing, EPA-450/5-88-002, PB88-197470/XAB,
February 1988;
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: Case Studies in
Risk Communication, EPA-450/5-88-003, PB89-104277/XAB, May 1988;
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: NATICH Data Base
Report on State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics Activities,
EPA-450/3-90-012, NTIS number not yet available, July 1990;
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse Newsletter, A
Bimonthly Periodical, 33 issues to date, December 1983 - May 1990;
and
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: Ongoing Research
and Regulatory Development Projects, EPA-450/3-89-26,
PB90-113531/XAB, July 1990.
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ABSTRACT
The National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse has been established
by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards for the purpose of facilitating information transfer
among Federal, State, and local air quality management agencies. This
document has been published as part of that effort. The purpose is to provide
State and local agencies and other Clearinghouse users with bibliographic
citations of reports and Federal Register notices useful in developing and
operating air toxics control programs. The reports selected for this
bibliography were published by the following agencies: U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Academy of Sciences, National Cancer Institute,
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences including the National
Toxicology Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Consumer Products Safety
Commission, and World Health Organization including the International Agency
for Research on Cancer. Also included are reports published by various State
and local agencies that they submit directly to the data base.
The bibliography is published in four volumes plus an index. Volume 1
(EPA-450/5-87-005, PB88-136601/REB) contains cumulative citations from before
1974 through March 1987, Volume 2 (EPA-450/5-88-005, PB89-103436/REB) the
citations from April 1987 through March 1988. Volume 3 (EPA-450/3-89-25, PB-
Pending) has citations from April 1988 through January 1989. Volume 4 has the
more recent citations from January 1989 to January 1990. This volume consists
of two sections. Section 1 includes introductory material describing the
bibliography scope and organization and contains information necessary for the
proper use of the document. This part updates the corresponding part in
Volumes 1, 2, and 3. Volume 4, Section 2 contains the report and Federal
Register notice entries with bibliographic information and, in most cases, an
abstract. The current index to the bibliography (Index - 1990, EPA-450/3-90-
25a) covers all the reports from 1974 to the present. Each listing indicates
which of the four volumes contains the citation. The index is organized by
document type; by pollutant class, name, or Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)
number; by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code; and by sponsoring
agency.
This document was submitted in partial fulfillment of EPA Contract No.
68-D8-0065, Work Assignment No. 2-6, by Radian Corporation under the
sponsorship of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. This edition of the
bibliography updates previous bibliographies published by the National Air
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Toxics Information Clearinghouse. The Clearinghouse will continue to publish
regular updates in separate volumes, consecutively numbered. Each year, a new
cumulative index will be published that expands and replaces the previous
year's edition. The 1990 index allows users to identify publications of
interest in Volumes 1, 2, 3, or 4.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
Volume 1
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Document Scope 1
1.2 Organization of Document 4
1.3 Ordering Information 12
2.0 Report and Federal Register Notice Entries 25
Volume 2
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Document Scope 1
1.2 Organization of Document 5
1.3 Ordering Information 13
2.0 Report and Federal Register Notice Entries 25
Volume 3
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Document Scope 1
1.2 Organization of Document 5
1.3 Ordering Information 14
2.0 Report and Federal Register Notice Entries 27
Appendix A - Index to the Clearinghouse Newsletters A-l
Volume 4
1.0 Introduction 1-1
1.1 Document Scope 1-1
1.2 Organization of Document 1-4
1.3 Ordering Information 1-12
2.0 Report and Federal Register Notice Entries 2-1
Appendix A - Index to the Clearinghouse Newsletters A-l
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section
Page
Index
1.0 Guides to the Index
1.1 Jser's Guide to the Index !_3
1.2 Guide to Terminology for Identification Codes 1-4
2.0 Index to Report and Federal Register Notice Entries 2-1
viii
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LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Ilbll Paoe
1 List of EPA Offices Contacted 1-3
2 Clearinghouse Chemical Identifiers 1-8
3 List of Acronyms 1_10
4 Key to Document Types 1_H
5 1990 NTIS Price Schedule 1_14
Figure Sample Entries 1_5
ix
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
This bibliography has been developed by the National Air Toxics
Information Clearinghouse, operated by the Pollutant Assessment Branch of the
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards (OAQPS). Over 140 bibliographic citations to reports and Federal
Register notices related to toxic air pollutants are included. To facilitate
the use of this bibliography, citations are indexed by document type, chemical
name or class and Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number, Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) Code, and sponsoring agency.
Like other Clearinghouse publications, the bibliography is designed to
help Clearinghouse users identify sources of information for specific air
toxics questions or problems. This edition of the bibliography announces 140
new reports and Federal Register notices.
The information contained in this bibliography is also available through
the National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse on-line data base - NATICH.
For more information about accessing NATICH, contact the Clearinghouse staff
at (919) 541-0850, (FTS) 629-0850.
1.1 DOCUMENT SCOPE
This bibliography contains a selected list of reports and Federal
Register notices that have been identified as being useful to State and local
agencies developing and operating air toxics control programs. The reports
were published by the following agencies: EPA, National Academy of Sciences
(NAS), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences (NIEHS) including National Toxicology Program (NTP), National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Agency for Toxic
Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Consumer Products Safety Commission
(CPSC), and the World Health Organization (WHO) including the International
Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Reports published by State and local
agencies are also included.
The citations include documents of the following types:
Accident prevention/emergency response
Ambient monitoring
Case studies (used only by State and local agencies)
Chemical Hazard Information Profile (CHIP, used only by EPA)
Control program support (used only by State and local agencies)
Control technology
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Dispersion modeling
Emission factors
Epidemiological studies
Exposure assessments
Federal Register notices
Health assessments
Indoor air
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP,
used only by EPA)
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS, used only by EPA)
Pre-regulatory assessments
Regulatory development guidance
Risk assessments
Rules and regulations (used only by State and local agencies)
Source assessments
Source sampling
Toxicity testing
Citations were selected within each document type according to their
relevance to air toxics work. The background information documents for new
source performance standards (NSPS) were included in this bibliography
because, although their focus is on control of criteria air pollutants, they
also contain valuable information on the sources and control of noncriteria,
potentially toxic air pollutants. The Federal Register notices include the
Agency's announcements regarding Sections 111 and 112 of the Clean Air Act
dealing with the NSPS and the national emission standards for hazardous air
pollutants (NESHAP) programs, respectively. The notices also include proposed
guidelines concerning health, exposure, and risk assessments issued by the
Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (OHEA).
Citations for each of these topic areas were compiled by contacting the
EPA office currently conducting that particular type of work and by
supplementing those contributions by searching published lists of EPA reports,
such as the EPA Publication Bibliography and the ORD Publications
Announcement. The EPA offices contacted are listed in Table 1.
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TABLE 1. LIST OF EPA OFFICES CONTACTED*
Office of Air and Radiation (OAR)
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS)
Office of Atmospheric and Indoor Air Programs (OAIAP)
Office of Mobile Sources (QMS)
Office of Radiation Programs (ORP)
Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPTS)
Office of Toxic Substances (OTS)
Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP)
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation (OPPE)
Office of Research and Development (ORD)
Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (OHEA)
Office of Health Research (OHR)
Office of Environmental Engineering and Technology Demonstration (OEETD)
Office of Modeling, Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance (OMMSQA)
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER)
Office of Solid Waste (OSW)
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR)
Office of Water (OW)
Not all divisions or laboratories are contacted.
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Abstracts for the EPA reports were obtained from the EPA Publications
Bibliography, the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) data base, or
the technical data sheet included in the report. Abstracts for the Federal
Register notices were prepared from the Summary and Supplementary Information
sections of each notice.
Citations to reports from the eight other sponsoring agencies (NAS,
NIEHS, NTP, NIOSH, ATSDR, CPSC, and WHO) included in this bibliography focus
on health, risk, exposure assessments, toxicity testing, and epidemiology
studies. Most documents discuss one or more potentially toxic chemicals, and
a few emphasize exposure to toxic substances in a particular industry.
Although ambient air exposure was the primary area of interest, reports on
occupational exposure and exposure via drinking water were also included.
The research of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
(NIEHS) is included in a single citation by reference to the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Bibliography 1966-1986 (most
current edition as of Mav 1990). The research results are generally published
in technical journal articles, conference papers, and books. These types of
publications were outside the scope of the bibliography.
Citations to reports from each of the eight agencies on the topics of
risk and exposure assessments and health effects were compiled from agency
catalogs, from the NTIS data base, and from printouts generated from in-house
agency data bases. Abstracts were obtained from each of these sources when
available.
In addition to reports by EPA and the eight other agencies, this
bibliography includes citations to relevant reports published by State and
local agencies. These citations are submitted by the agencies directly to the
Clearinghouse and are available for distribution to other Clearinghouse users.
This document also contains an index to the National Air Toxics
Information Clearinghouse Newsletter. The Newsletter is published
periodically by the Clearinghouse to inform readers of current issues relating
to toxic air pollutants. Articles discuss activities at the Federal, State,
and local levels.
1.2 ORGANIZATION OF DOCUMENT
This document has been published in four volumes and an index. Volume 1
(EPA-450/5-87-005, PB88-136601/REB) contains cumulative citations from before
1974 through March 1987, Volume 2 (EPA-450/5-88-005, PB89-103436/REB) the
citations from April 1987 through March 1988. Volume 3 has citations from
April 1988 through January 1989. Volume 4 has the more recent citations from
January 1989 to January 1990. This volume consists of two sections.
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Section 1 is the introductory material discussing scope and organization. It
also contains explanatory information necessary for the proper use of the
bibliography, such as keys to agency and office abbreviations and two sample
bibliographic entries, as well as ordering information for reports by EPA and
the other agencies. Section 2 of Volume 4 contains the report and Federal
Register notice entries with bibliographic information and, in most cases, an
abstract. The report entries are arranged by document order number. Figure 1
explains each line of two sample entries. Each entry has been assigned
certain key words or descriptors pertaining to document type, pollutant,
source whenever an SIC Code applies, and sponsoring agency. These descriptors
are used to generate the index and to give users several ways to access
reports of interest. The Newsletter index also appears in Volume 4 as an
appendix.
The current index (Index - 1990, EPA-450/3-90-25a) enables users to
identify reports of interest in Volumes 1, 2, 3, or 4 (the volume number in
parenthesis will appear immediately preceding the publication number).
Index categories include document type, pollutant class or name and CAS
number, SIC Code and the corresponding title, and sponsoring agency. Groups
of chemicals or pollutants such as "organic compounds" that could not be
identified more precisely by individual chemical names were assigned unique
Clearinghouse identifiers in the place of CAS numbers. A list of these
identifiers is found in Table 2. A key to the international and
national sponsoring agency acronyms appears in Table 3. Table 4 lists the
document types and their abbreviations. A table of contents to the index is
found at the beginning of the index. This table of contents consists of an
alphabetic and numeric list of all descriptors, along with their corresponding
page numbers in the index. These descriptors, or index terms, represent
subject headings that describe the content of a document.
A second series of key words allows users to identify specific State
agency reports. Each agency has a unique four-place alphanumeric code by
which it is indexed, for example, the South Coast Air Quality Management
District in California is CA03. Because Federal agency key words are already
in use, a generic keyword EPA has been assigned. Although this term appears
in the keyword list following the relevant citation, it is not used for
indexing.
This bibliography is updated regularly by the National Air Toxics
Information Clearinghouse. In the next update, the Clearinghouse will publish
abstracts only for the newly identified reports and Federal Register notices,
but will publish a cumulative index to all citations (Volumes 1, 2, 3, and 4)
for use after July 1990.
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FIGURE 1. SAMPLE ENTRIES
Report entries are arranged alphanumerically by document order number.
A sample entry follows:
PB84-156157
Demonstration of Remedial Techniques Against Radon in Houses on Florida
Phosphate Lands
EPA, Montgomery, AL, ORP/EERF
July 1983, 195p., EPA-520/5-83-009, PC A09/MF A01
Abstract: This report is to document the results of an activity which forms
part of a program intended to demonstrate means of controlling indoor radon
levels in structures built on Florida phosphate lands. The natural radon
content of the soil is elevated in some parts of the Florida phosphate lands
resulting in elevated radon concentrations in the soil gas. If building
construction is such as to provide pathways, or routes or entry, between the
interior of the building and the $9il below, then this radon-bearing soil gas
may enter the building and result in elevated indoor levels. This report
therefore documents a review of current building practices, with the intention
or identifying routes of entry. Based upon this knowledge, certain
modifications to building practices may be seen as a means of reducing indoor
radon levels.
CL-PHOSPHA PHOSPHATES
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
10043-92-2 RADON
14 NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
147 CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER MINERALS
1475 PHOSPHATE ROCK
52 BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN SUPPLIES
7440-61-1 URANIUM
1-6
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FIGURE 1. SAMPLE ENTRIES (Continued)
A sample Federal Register notice entry follows:
45 FR 83952 12-19-80
Benzene Emissions from Benzene Storage Vessels; National Emission Standard for
Hazardous Air Pollutants; Hearing
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Abstract: Proposed rule and notice of public hearing. The proposed standard
would limit benzene emissions from each new and existing storage vessel with a
capacity greater than 4 cubic meters used to store pure benzene. The notice
describes proposed requirements for fixed/floating roofs, primary and
secondary seals, and inspection procedures.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
344 FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS
3443 FABRICATED PLATE WORK (BOILER SHOPS)
71-43-2 BENZENE
1-7
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TABLE 2. CLEARINGHOUSE CHEMICAL IDENTIFIERS
Clearinghouse #
Pollutant
CL-ABRAS
CL-ACID
CL-ADIP
CL-ALDEHYD
CL-ALKYLPB
CL-ALLERG
CL-ALMERC
CL-ALUM
CL-AMINE
CL-BACT
CL-BROM
CL-BTX
CL-CARBON
CL-CARCIN
CL-CFC
CL-CHC
CL-CHLOR
CL-CHROME
CL-COE
CL-COPPER
CL-COTDUST
CL-CREOSOL
CL-CUTFLU
CL-DGAEA
CL-DIESEL
CL-DIISOCY
CL-DIOXIN
CL-DYE
CL-ETHERS
CL-ETS
CL-EXPLO
CL-FUELOIL
CL-FUNG
CL-FURAN
CL-GLASS
CL-HALOME
CL-HAZWAST
CL-HCARB
CL-HERB
CL-HEXANE
CL-IAP
CL-INMERC
CL-INORGAN
CL-INOTIN
CL-INSMOLY
CL-INSRHOD
CL-INSTUNG
CL-IRON
CL-MANG
CL-MAPP
CL-METAL
CL-METOXBZ
CL-MINDUST
Abrasives
Acidic compounds
Adi pates
Aldehydes
Alkyl lead compounds
Allergens
Alkyl mercury compounds
Aluminum compounds
Amines
Bacteria
Bromine compounds
Benzene, toluene, xylene
Total carbon
Carcinogens
ChiorofTuorocarbons
Chlorinated hydrocarbons
Chlorine compounds
Chromium compounds
Coke oven emissions
Copper compounds
Cotton dust
Creosols
Cutting fluids
Diethvlene glycol alkyl ethers and acetates
Diesel fuel emissions
Diisocyanates
Dioxins
Dyes
Ethers
Environmental tobacco smoke
Explosives
Waste derived fuel oil emissions
Fungicides
Furans
Fibrous glass dust
Halomethanes
Hazardous wastes
Hydrocarbons
Herbicides
Hexane isomers
Indoor air pollutants
Aryl and inorganic mercury compounds
Inorganic compounds
Inorganic tin and oxide compounds
Insoluble molybdenum compounds
Insoluble rhodium compounds
Insoluble tungsten compounds
Iron compounds
Manganese compounds
Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture
Metallic compounds
Methoxybenzene compounds
Mineral dusts
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TABLE 2. CLEARINGHOUSE CHEMICAL IDENTIFIERS (Continued)
Clearinghouse #
Pollutant
CL-MINFIB
CL-MOM
CL-MS
CL-NICKEL
CL-NITRATE
CL-NITRITE
CL-NITROSO
CL-NMHC
CL-ODOR
CL-OH
CL-ORGANIC
CL-PAH
CL-PCO
CL-PEST
CL-PHARM
CL-PHENOL
CL-PHOSPHA
CL-PHTH
CL-PLAS
CL-PLAT
CL-PM
CL-POM
CL-PYRO
CL-RAD
CL-RCSPP
CL-RESIN
CL-ROSIN
CL-RUBSOL
CL-SALTS
CL-SEWSLUD
CL-SILVER
CL-SOLMOLY
CL-SOLRHOD
CL-SOLTUNG
CL-SOLVENT
CL-SULFATE
CL-SULFIDE
CL-SULFITE
CL-SVOC
CL-TIN
CL-TRS
CL-VARIOUS
CL-VEG
CL-VOC
CL-WELD
CL-WOOD
Mineral fibers
Mineral oil mist
Mineral spirits
Nickel compounds
Nitrates
Nitrites
Nitroso compounds
Non-methane hydrocarbons
Odors
Hydroxides
Organic compounds
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Photochemical oxidants
Pesticides
Pharmaceuticals
Phenols
Phosphates
Phthalates
Plasticizers
Platinum compounds
Particulate matter
Polycyclic organic matter
Pyro powders
Radiation
Rosin core solder pyrolysis products
Resins
Rosin vapors
Rubber solvents
Salts
Sewage sludge
Silver compounds
Soluble molybdenum compounds
Soluble rhodium compounds
Soluble tungsten compounds
Solvents
Sulfates
Sulfides
Sulfites
Semi volatile organic compounds
Organic tin compounds
Total reduced sulfur
Various pollutants
Vegetable oil mist
Volatile organic compounds
Welding fumes
Wood smoke
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TABLE 3. LIST OF ACRONYMS
ATSDR
EPA
CPSC
IARC
NAS
NCI
NIEHS
NIOSH
NTP
WHO
KEY TO AGENCY ACRONYMS
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Consumer Products Safety Commission
International Agency for Research on Cancer
National Academy of Sciences
National Cancer Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
National Toxicology Program
World Health Organization
AEERL
AQMD
AREAL
ASMD
ASRL
CAD
CSD
EAG
EARD
ECAD
ECAO
EERF
EML
EMSL
ERD
ESD
HED
HERL
HHAG
IAD
RREL
SSCD
TSD
WMD
KEY TO DIVISION AND LABORATORY ACRONYMS
Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory
Air Quality Management Division
Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory
Atmospheric Sciences Modeling Division
Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory
Characterization and Assessment Division
Criteria and Standards Division
Exposure Assessment Group
Exposure Assessment Research Division
Existing Chemical Assessment Division
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
Emission Measurement Laboratory
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory
Emergency Response Division
Emission Standards Division
Hazard Evaluation Division
Health Effects Research Laboratory
Human Health Assessment Group
Indoor Air Division
Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory
Stationary Source Compliance Division
Technical Support Division
Waste Management Division
Reports by State and local agencies are indexed under the term "State or
Local Agency." Report numbers begin with the two-letter State
abbreviation.
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TABLE 4. KEY TO DOCUMENT TYPES
AM Ambient Monitoring
CS Case Study (State and Local Agencies Only)
CHIP Chemical Hazard Information Profile (EPA Only)
CT Control Technology
DM Dispersion Modeling
EF Emission Factor
EA Exposure Assessment
ER Accident Prevention/Emergency Response
ES Epidemiological Study
FR Federal Register Notices
HA Health Assessment
IA Indoor Air
NESHAP National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (EPA Only)
NSPS New Source Performance Standards (EPA Only)
OT Other (State and Local Agencies Only)
PD Air Toxics Program Support Document (State and Local Agencies Only)
PRA Pre-regulatory Assessment
RDG Regulatory Development Guidance
RA Risk Assessment
RR Rules and Regulations (State and Local Agencies Only)
SA Source Assessment
SS Source Sampling
TT Toxicity Testing
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All bibliographic citations will continue to be accessible through the
NATICH on-line data base. These can be sorted by a combination of factors:
by product, and/or source category, and/or document type, and/or sponsoring
agency.
1.3 ORDERING INFORMATION
CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION
Reports prepared by the CPSC and reproduced by the Government Printing
Office (GPO) may be ordered by contacting:
Office of Superintendent of Documents
U. S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
Prices are subject to change without notice. A GPO order form is included at
the end of this section. All remittances for GPO sales should be by check or
money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents. Orders may be placed
by telephone if charged to a Superintendent of Documents Deposit Account or to
a VISA/MasterCard account. The order desk number is (202) 783-3238.
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
The National Academy Press was created by the NAS to publish reports
issued by the Academy and by the National Academy of Engineering, the
Institute of Medicine, and National Council of Research, all operating under
the charter granted to the NAS by the Congress of the United States.
An order form for the National Academy Press may be found at the end of
this section. When ordering from the National Academy Press, use the
International Standard Book Number (ISBN), the title, and the price shown in
the citation. Some reports published by the Press do not have ISBN numbers.
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2.0 REPORT AND FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICE ENTRIES
2-1
-------
to
U)
ATSDR-PROF1LES 89
lexicological Profile for . . .
ATSDR
Various dates. Length varies, Available from NTIS
Abstract: The ATSDR Toxicological Profiles are intended to
characterize succinctly the lexicological and health effects
information for the substances named. They identify and review the
key literature. More comprehensive sources of specialty information
are referenced. 'The profiles begin with a public health
statement, which describes in nontechnical language the substances'
relevant lexicological properties. Following the statement is
material that presents levels of significant human exposure and,
where known, significant health effects. The adequacy of information
to determine the substances' health effects is described.
Research gaps that are of significance to the protection of public
health will be identified in a separate effort. The focus of the
documents is on health and toxicological information. Contact NTIS
for stock number and price of individual profiles (see
introduction for ordering information).
ATSDR AGENCY FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND DISEASE REGISTRY
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
1024-57-3 HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE
106-46-7 DICHLOROBENZENE,1,4-
11096-82-5 PCB-1260
11097-69-1 AROCLOR 1254
111-44-4 BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL) ETHER
11104-28-2 PCB-1221
11141-16-5 PCB-1232
117-81-7 BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE
12672-29-6 PCB-1248
12674-11-2 PCB-1016
1746-01-6 TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN.2,3,7.8-
309-00-2 ALDRIN
53469-21-9 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL (AROCLOR 1242)
542-88-1 BIS(CHLOROMETHYL)ETHER
56-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
57-12-5 CYANIDE
57-74-9 CHLORDANE
60-57-1 DIELORIN
67-66-3 CHLOROFORM
71-43-2 BENZENE
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
75-01-4 VINYL CHLORIDE
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
75-27-4 BROMODICHLOROMETHANE
76-44-8 HEPTACHLOR
ATSDR-PROF1LES 89 (continued)
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
92-87-5 BENZIDINE
CA01CA 89-02
PUBLIC HEARING TO CONSIDER THE ADOPTION OF A REGULATORY AMENDMENT
IDENTIFYING METHYLENE CHRLORIDE AS A TOXIC AIR CONTAMINANT
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD/DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES
07/13/89, 400 pages
THIS DOCUMENT CONSISTS OF AN OVERVIEW AND RECOMMENDATION, PART A,
"PUBLIC EXPOSURE TO, AND SOURCES OF, ATMOSPHERIC METHYLENE CHLORIDE
IN CALIFORNIA," PART B. "HEALTH EFFECTS OF METHYLENE CHLORIDE," PART
C, "PUBLIC COMMENTS AND RESPONSES TO THE PRELIMINARY DRAFT PART A AND
PART B METHYLENE CHLORIDE REPORT," AND PART C ADDENDUM, "PUBLIC COM-
MENTS AND RESPONSES TO THE FINAL DRAFT METHYLENE CHLORIDE REPORT".
METHYLENE CHLORIDE IS WIDELY USED IN. PAINT STRIPPING, DECREASING, AND
AS AN AEROSOL PROPELLANT. APPROXIMATELY 20.3 MILLION PEOPLE IN CALIF-
ORNIA ARE EXPOSED TO A POPULATION-WEIGHTED MEAN CONCENTRATION OF 1.1
TO 2.4 PPB AND IT HAS AN ATMOSPHERIC LIFETIME OF 80 TO 250 DAYS.
METHYLENE CHLORIDE HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED AS AN ANIMAL CARCINOGEN AND
SHOULD BE REGARDED AS A POTENTIAL HUMAN CARCINOGEN. THE DHS STAFF
CONCLUDED THAT THE MOST PLAUSIBLE ESTIMATE OF UNIT RISK IS 4.00E-06
PPB. EXPOSURE TO THE RANGE OF MEAN AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS OF 1.1 TO
2.4 PPB COULD RESULT IN UP TO 2 TO 500 EXCESS LIFETIME CANCERS BASED
ON THE UPPER BOUND LIFETIME RISK.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
-------
tO
I
CA0101 CRCP
PROPOSED HEXAVALENT CNROHIUH CONTROL PLAN-TECHNICAL SUPPORT
DOCUMENT
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
01/31/88. 287 pages
THIS REPORT IS A TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT FOR THE CALIFORNIA AIR
RESOURCES CONTROL MEASURE REPORT OF THE SAME NAME.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
18540-29-9 CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
347 METAL SERVICES, NEC
3471 PLATING AND POLISHING
CA0102 ASB ATCM
PROPOSED CONTROL MEASURE FOR ASBESTOS-CONTAINING SERPENTINE ROCK
IN SURFACING APPLICATIONS
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
02/28/90, 46 pages
THIS REPORT PRESENTS A PROPOSED REGULATION DESIGNED TO REDUCE ASBESTOS
EMISSIONS FROM ASBESTOS-CONTAINING SERPENTINE ROCK USED FOR SURFACING
APPLICATIONS. THE REPORT, ALONG WITH ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT,
ARE AN EVALUATION OF THE NEED AND APPROPRIATE DEGREE OF CONTROL FOR
ASBESTOS.
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RR REGULATIONS OR RULES
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
1332-21-4 ASBESTOS
14 NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
141 DIMENSION STONE
1411 DIMENSION STONE
142 CRUSHED AND BROKEN STONE
1429 CRUSHED AND BROKEN STONE, NEC
CA0103 ASB TSD
PROPOSED CONTROL MEASURE FOR ASBESTOS-CONTAINING SERPENTINE ROCK
IN SURFACING APPLICATIONS-TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
02/28/90, 500 pages
THIS IS A TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT FOR THE CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES
BOARD REPORT OF THE SAME NAME.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
1332-21-4 ASBESTOS
14 NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
141 DIMENSION STONE
1411 DIMENSION STONE
142 CRUSHED AND BROKEN STONE
1429 CRUSHED AND BROKEN STONE. NEC
-------
M
I
01
CA0104 PI OX TSD
PROPOSED OIOXINS AND CADMIUM CONTROL MEASURE FOR MEDICAL WASTE
INCINERATORS-TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT, DRAFT
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
04/30/90, 900 pages
THIS REPORT IS AN EVALUATION OF THE NEED, AND APPROPRIATE DEGREE OF
CONTROL FOR CADMIUM AND DIOXIN EMISSIONS FROM MEDICAL WASTE INCIN-
ERATORS IN CALIFORNIA. CONTAINED IN THE REPORT ARE A PROPOSED AIRBORNE
TOXIC CONTROL MEASURE (ATCM), AN ASSESSMENT OF DIOXIN AND CADMIUM
SOURCES IN CALIFORNIA, AN INVENTORY OF SOURCES, CONTROL ALTERNATIVES,
AN EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT, AND INFORMATION ON THE COSTS AND EFFECTS OF
THE PROPOSED CONTROL MEASURE. THIS REPORT IS A DRAFT REPORT.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
RR REGULATIONS OR RULES
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
1746-01-6 TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN.2,3,7.8-
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
80 HEALTH SERVICES
806 HOSPITALS
8062 GENERAL MEDICAL & SURGICAL HOSPITALS
CA0105 HEX CR TSD
PROPOSED AIRBORNE TOXIC CONTROL MEASURE FOR EMISSIONS OF HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM FROM CHROME PLATING AND CHRONIC ACID ANODIZING OPERATIONS
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
01/31/88, 275 pages
TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT FOR ATCM OF THE SAME NAME
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RR REGULATIONS OR RULES
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
18540-29-9 CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
347 METAL SERVICES, NEC
3471 PLATING AND POLISHING
CA0106 HEX CR ATCM
PROPOSED AIRBORNE TOXIC CONTROL MEASURE FOR EMISSIONS OF
HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM FROM CHROME PLATING AND CHROME ACID
ANODIZING
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
01/31/88, 45 pages
THIS REPORT PRESENTS A PROPOSED AIRBORNE TOXIC CONTROL MEASURE (ATCM)
DESIGNED TO REDUCE EMISSIONS OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM FROM CHROME
PLATING AND CHRONIC ACID ANODIZING FACILITIES. THIS REPORT, ALONG WITH
ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT, EVALUATES THE NEED AND APPROPRIATE
DEGREE OF CONTROL FROM HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM FROM THESE SOURCES.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
18540-29-9 CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
347 METAL SERVICES, NEC
3471 PLATING AND POLISHING
-------
to
I
a\
CA0107 HDL
HOLD-OPEN LATCHES ON GASOLINE DISPENSING NOZZLES AND PERSONAL
EXPOSURE TO BENZENE FROM VEHICLE REFUELING
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
06/30/88, 43 pages
THIS REPORT IS A SUMMARY OF THE AIR RESOURCES BOARD'S STUDY USING
HOLD-OPEN LATCHES ON GASOLINE-DISPENSING NOZZLES AT SERVICE STATIONS
AS A MEANS OF REDUCING PERSONAL EXPOSURE TO EMISSIONS OF BENZENE.
THE REPORT ALSO CONTAINS A RECOMMENDATION THAT THE REPORT AND AN
ADVISORY TO LOCAL AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AUTHORITIES CONSIDER REQUIRING
HOLD-OPEN LATCHES BE MADE AVAILABLE, AS CONSISTENT WITH LOCAL FIRE
MARSHALL'S RECOMMENDATIONS.
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
55 AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS & SERVICE STATIONS
554 GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS
5541 GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS
71-43-2 BENZENE
CA0108 CT ATCM
PROPOSED HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM CONTROL MEASURE FOR COOLING TOWERS
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
01/31/89, 23 pages
THIS REPORT PRESENTS A PROPOSED AIRBORNE TOXIC CONTROL MEASURE DE-
SIGNED TO REDUCE HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM EMISSIONS FROM COOLING TOWERS.
THIS REPORT, ALONG WITH ITS ACCOMPANYING TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT,
EVALUATES THE NEED AND APPROPRIATE DEGREE OF CONTROL FOR EMISSIONS OF
HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM FROM COOLING TOWERS.
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RR REGULATIONS OR RULES
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
18540-29-9 CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
65 REAL ESTATE
651 REAL ESTATE OPERATORS AND LESSORS
653 REAL ESTATE AGENTS AND MANAGERS
6531 REAL ESTATE AGENTS AND MANAGERS
70 HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES
80 HEALTH SERVICES
806 HOSPITALS
CAP109 CT TSD
PROPOSED HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM CONTROL MEASURE FOR COOLING TOWERS-
TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
01/31/89, 250 pages
TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT FOR ATCM OF THE SAME NAME.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
18540-29-9 CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS
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to
CA0110 ETO ATCM
PROPOSED ETHYLENE OXIDE CONTROL MEASURE FOR STERILIZERS AND
AERATORS
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
03/31/90. 33 pages
THIS REPORT PRESENTS A PROPOSED CONTROL MEASURE DESIGNED TO REDUCE
ETHYLENE OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM STERILIZATION OPERATIONS. ETO KILLS
MICROORGANISMS THAT MAY BE FOUND ON HEAT-, MOISTURE-, AND RADIATION-
SENSITIVE MATERIALS WITHOUT DAMAGING THE MATERIAL. THIS REPORT. ALONG
WITH ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT, USES THE CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES
BOARD'S EVALUATION OF THE NEED AND APPROPRIATE DEGREE OF CONTROL FOR
ETHYLENE OXIDE FROM STERILIZATION OPERATIONS.
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RR REGULATIONS OR RULES
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
07 AGRICULTURAL SERVICES
074 VETERINARY SERVICES
20 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
209 MISC. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
2099 FOOD PREPARATIONS, NEC
38 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
384 MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS AND SUPPLIES
75-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
80 HEALTH SERVICES
806 HOSPITALS
CAP111 ETO TSD
PROPOSED ETHYLENE OXIDE CONTROL MEASURE FOR STERILIZERS AND
AERATORS-TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFRONIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
03/31/90. 250 pages
THIS REPORT IS A TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT FOR THE REPORT OF THE SAME
NAME.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
07 AGRICULTURAL SERVICES
074 VETERINARY SERVICES
20 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
209 MISC. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
2099 FOOD PREPARATIONS, NEC
38 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
384 MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS AND SUPPLIES
75-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
80 HEALTH SERVICES
806 HOSPITALS
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CO
CA0112 DEMO PROJ
CHROME PLATING CONTROL DEMONSTRATION PROJECT
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
10/31/89, 20 pages
THIS REPORT SUMMARIZES THE FINDINGS OF A DEMONSTRATION PROJECT BY THE
METAL FINISHING ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WITH THE PARTICI-
PATION OF CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD STAFF AND STAFF FROM LOCAL
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICTS. THE PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT WAS TO
ASSESS THE ACHIEVABILITY OF EMISSION CONTROL REQUIREMENTS FOR HIGH-
EMITTING HARD CHROME PLATING FACILITIES RESULTING FROM AN AIRBORNE
TOXIC CONTROL MEASURE ADOPTED BY THE STATE IN FEBRUARY 1988. THE
PROJECT SHOWED THAT THE EMISSIONS CONTROL REQUIREMENTS WERE ACHIEV-
ABLE.
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
347 METAL SERVICES, NEC
3471 PLATING AND POLISHING
CAP 15
PUBLIC HEARING TO CONSIDER THE ADOPTION OF A REGULATORY AMENDMENT
IDENTIFYING CHLORINATED DIOXINS AND DIBENZOFURANS AS TOXIC AIR
CONTAMINANTS
CA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
AIR RESOURCES BOARD/DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES
06/06/86
CA01 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-FURAN FURANS
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
CA0385009
RULE 1164, SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING.
SOUTH .COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
LARRY IRWIN, ANUPOM GANGULI. BARRY WALLERSTEIN
07/08/88, 6 pages
THIS RULE CONTROLS EMISSIONS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC) FROM
ALL DIRECT, INDIRECT, AND SUPPORT STATIONS OF A SEMICONDUCTOR-DEVICE
MANUFACTURING OPERATION, SUCH AS; EPITAXIAL GROWTH, PHOTORESIST,
ETCHING, DOPING, OXIDATION, WAFER PRODUCTION, ENCAPSULATION, AND CRYST
AL GROWTH THROUGH CIRCUIT SEPARATION. EMISSION CONTROLS ON SOLVENT
CLEAN-UP STATIONS AND USE OF LOW VOC SOLVENTS ARE REQUIRED. IT WAS
REPORTED THAT FOLLOWING ARE THE CHEMICALS USED IN QUANTITIES OF
FIFTY TO FIFTEEN HUNDRED GALLONS PER FABRICATION AREA, ANNUALLY:
A: CHROMIC ACID (HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM), AND BENZENE; CARCINOGENIC
CHEMICALS AS IDENTIFIED BY THE ARB AND DOHS FOR TANNER. AAB 1807;
B: CHLOROBENZENE, PHENOL, AND XYLENE ARE CURRENTLY MONITORED FOR
TANNER, AB 1807;
C: ACETONE, ETHANOL, ETHYLENE GLYCOL, ISOPROPANOL, METHYL ETHYL
KETONE, TETRACHLOROETHYLENE, TOLUENE, TRICHLOROETHYLENE, ACETIC
ACID, AMMONIA, HYDROCHLORIC ACID, NITRIC ACID, SODIUM HYDROXIDE,
SULFURIC ACID, PHOSPHINE, SILANE, ARSINE, AND DIBORANE ARE NEITHER
CARCINOGENIC, NOR BEING MONITORED FOR CARCINOGEN I CITY BY THE ARB
AND DOHS, YET. BUT, ARE ASSOCIATED WITH OTHER TOXIC EFFECTS SUCH
AS NAUSEA, HEADACHES, BIRTH DEFECTS ETC.
CA03 SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
RR REGULATIONS OR RULES
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
107-21-1 ETHYLENE GLYCOL
108-88-3 TOLUENE
108-95-2 PHENOL
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
1310-73-2 SODIUM HYDROXIDE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
19287-45-7 DIBORANE
36 ELECTRONIC & OTHER ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
367 ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES
3674 SEMICONDUCTORS AND RELATED DEVICES
64-17-5 ETHANOL
64-19-7 ACETIC ACID
67-56-1 METHANOL
67-63-0 ISOPROPANOL
67-64-1 ACETONE
71-43-2 BENZENE
7664-41-7 AMMONIA
7664-93-9 SULFURIC ACID
7697-37-2 NITRIC ACID
7738-94-5 CHROMIC ACID
7784-42-1 ARSINE
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CA0385009 (continued)
78-93-3 METHYL ETHYL KETONE
7803-62-5 SILANE
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
CA0385010
RULE 1163,
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
CA03 SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
RR REGULATIONS OR RULES
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
CA0395015
RULE 1169 -HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM, CHROME PLATING AND CHROMIC ACID
ANODIZING.
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
SHALINI GEORGE, MOUSTAFA ELSHERIF
06/03/88, 5 pages
RULE 1169 SETS FORTH REQUIREMENTS FOR HARD CHROME AND ANODIZING FACIL-
ITIES. CHROME EMISSIONS FROM THE EMISSIONS COLLECTION SYSTEM SERVING
THE PLATING TANK MUST BE REDUCED TO 95 PERCENT OR MORE, AND UP TO 99.8
PERCENT OR MORE DEPENDING ON THE FACILITYWIDE CHROMIUM EMISSIONS. COM-
PLIANCE SCHEDULES ARE SET FOR CHROME PLATING FACILITIES, HARD CHROME
PLATING AND/OR CHROMIC ACID ANODIZING FACILITIES.
CA03
STATE/LOC
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
CA0395016
RULE 1166 - VOLATILE ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM DECONTAMINATION OF SOIL
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
L. BASIUO
08/01/88, 3 pages
RULE 1166 LIMITS THE EMISSION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC) FROM
CONTAMINATED SOIL AS A RESULT OF LEAKAGE FROM STORAGE OR TRANSFER
FACILITIES, FROM ACCIDENTAL SPILLAGE, OR OTHER DEPOSITION. THIS RULE
REQUIRES PRE-EXCAVATION NOTIFICATION AND MONITORING OF VOC DURING
EXCAVATION. IF FOUND CONTAMINATED, THE EXCAVATION IS STOPPED AND THE
SOIL COVERED UNTIL MITIGATION MEASURES ARE APPROVED AND IMPLEMENTED.
EXEMPTIONS ARE PROVIDED IN CERTAIN CASES AND IN EMERGENCY SOIL DECON-
TAMINATION OR EXCAVATION PERFORMED UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF, OR PUR-
SUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF, AN AUTHORIZED HEALTH OFFICER, AGRICUL-
TURAL COMMISSIONER, FIRE PROTECTION OFFICER, OR OTHER AUTHORIZED
OFFICER.
AMBIENT MONITORING
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
AM
CA03
STATE/LOC
CA0395017
MULTI-PATHWAY HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT INPUT PARAMETERS GUIDANCE
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
CLEMENT & ASSOCIATES
06/01/88, 100 pages
THIS GUIDANCE DOCUMENT WAS DEVELOPED FOR THE DISTRICT UNDER CONTRACT W
ITH CLEMENT ASSOCIATES, INC. AND DESCRIBES METHODOLOGIES THAT CAN BE U
SED TO CONDUCT THE EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT COMPONENT OF A MULTIPLE PATHWAY
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT FOR AIR TOXIC EMISSIONS. ALGORITHMS FOR ESTIH
ATING EXPOSURES TO CHEMICALS THROUGH MULTIPLE PATHWAYS ARE PRESENTED A
NO RANGES OF PARAMETERS THAT MAY BE USED IN SUCH EXPOSURE ASSESSMENTS
ARE REVIEWED. IN ADDITION, SPECIFIC PARAMETER VALUES FOR EACH EXPOSUR
E ASSESSMENTS ARE REVIEWED. THIS DOCUMENT WAS COMPLETED IN JUNE, 1988
AND IS USED EXTENSIVELY AS A GUIDANCE IN PREPARING RISK ASSESSMENT DOC
UMENTS.
CA03 SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
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o
CA0395018
DRAFT IN-VEHiCLE AIR TOXICS CHARATERIZATION STUDY
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
D. SHIKIYA, C. LIU. M. KAHN AND J. JUARROS
05/01/89, 75 pages
VEHICLES OF HOME-TO-WORK COMMUTERS IN A NON-INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS PARK
WERE SAMPLED FOR CONCENTRATIONS OF 14 TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS, CARBON
MONOXIDE, AND LEAD. RESULTS OF THIS STUDY INDICATE THAT CONCENTRATIONS
OF COMPOUNDS, DIRECTLY RELATED TO MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSIONS, INCLUDING
CARBON MONOXIDE. BENZENE, TOLUENE, XYLENE, ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE, ETHYL-
ENE DI CHLORIDE, AND LEAD, ARE TWO TO FOUR TIMES HIGHER IN COMMUTING
VEHICLES THAN THEY ARE IN OUTDOOR AIR. OF COURSE CARCINOGENIC COM-
POUNDS EVALUATED, BENZENE CONTRIBUTES THE GREATEST RISK TO THE COM-
MUTERS. A NUMBER OF FACTORS CAN INFLUENCE POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS
DURING COMMUTING: OLDER VEHICLES TEND TO HAVE HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS OF
VEHICULAR POLLUTANTS THAN NEWER VEHICLES; VEHICLES WITH SLOWER AVERAGE
SPEEDS, ALSO TEND TO HAVE HIGHER IN-VEHICLE CONCENTRATIONS OF
POLLUTANTS; AND CONCENTRATIONS OF POLLUTANTS; AND IN-VEHICLE CONCEN-
TRATIONS OF POLLUTANTS ARE HIGHER DURING WINTER THAN IN SUMMER.
CA03
STATE/LOC
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
CA0395019
RULE 1170, METHANOL COMPATIBLE FUEL STORAGE AND TRANSFER.
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
ANUPOM GANGULI
05/06/88, 3 pages
SINCE METHANOL USE IN THE SOOUTH COAST BASIN IS ANTICIPATED TO INC-
REASE SUBSTANTIALLY, RULE 1170 REQUIRES THAT WHENEVER UNDERGROUND FUEL
STORAGE TANKS ARE REPLACED. THE FACILITY MUST BE ABLE TO STORE METH-
ANOL IN AT LEAST ONE TANK.
ALTHOUGH METHANOL IS DEFINED AS POISONOUS (CAUSING BLINDNESS BY ITS
INGESTION), ITS USE AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL WOULD GREATLY REDUCE AM-
BIENT LEVELS OF BENZENE, A CARCINOGEN (IDENTIFIED BY THE ARB AND DOHS
FOR TANNER, AB 1807), ASSOCIATED WITH BURNING OF PETROLEUM FUELS.
CA03 SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2861 GUM AND WOOD CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
32 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
327 CONCRETE, GYPSUM, AND PLASTER PRODUCTS
3272 CONCRETE PRODUCTS, NEC
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
344 FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS
3443 FABRICATED PLATE WORK (BOILER SHOPS)
55 AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS & SERVICE STATIONS
554 GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS
5541 GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS
67-56-1 METHANOL
71-43-2 BENZENE
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CHIP '89
Chemical Hazard Information Profiles
EPA, Washington, DC, OPTS
Various Dates, Length Varies, Free
Abstract: Chemical Hazard Information Profiles (CHIP), prepared by
EPA's Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPTS), are brief
surmaries of readily available information concerning the health and
environmental effects and potential exposure to specific chemicals.
OPTS chooses chemicals for CHIP preparation on the basis of
information indicating a potential for adverse health or environmental
effects and evidence of significant production or some type of
exposure. Information gathering for a CHIP is generally limited
to a search of secondary literature sources and unpublished
information about the selected chemicals from individuals and
companies. The search is not intended to be exhaustive, although
in-depth searches on specific topics may be done on a case-by-case
basis. In general, no attempt is made to evaluate or validate
information at this stage of assessment. Preparation of a CHIP is
part of the first stage in the OPTS chemical risk assessment process.
A list of individual CHIPs by subject appears below. For more
detailed information or to obtain a copy of any of the available
CHIPs, contact: TSCA Industry Assistance Office (TAO) (TS-799);
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Washington, DC 20460
(202) 554-1404
CHIP CHEMICAL HAZARD INFORMATION PROFILE
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
107-13-1 ACRYLONITRILE
108-95-2 PHENOL
17796-82-6 PHTHALIMIDE, N-(CYCLOHEXYLTHIO)-
CL-BIB-0655
A Risk Assessment on Lung Cancer in Adults and Respiratory Disease in
Children
Report due 1990
ORD/OHEA, Steven Bayard (202) 382-5722
This project will assess the risk of adults developing lung cancer and
children developing respiratory disease due to exposure to secondhand
tobacco smoke.
CL-ETS ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
CL-BIB-0657
Development of a Most-Exposed Population Approach
Ongoing
OHEA/ECAO-CIN, Norman Kowal (513) 569-7584
Waste Management Operations
This project is designed to develop an approach to compare risk
assessments or waste management operations, with immediate
application to sewage sludge management. The current Most-Exposed
Individual (MEI) approach is believed to result in unequal regulatory
treatment among the various management operations. The Most-Exposed
Population (MEP) approach attempts to identify equally highly exposed
population segments in the various practices and to use these as the
basis for risk assessment.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
CT01CTDEP-10
"PROPOSED AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PERCHLOROETHYLENE"
(DRAFT)
CT DEPT. OF ENV. PROTECTION, AIR COMPLIANCE UNIT
AIR COMPLIANCE UNIT, CTDEP (JG)
12/08/88
CT01 CONNECTICUT DEPT. OF ENV. PROTECTION, AIR COMPLIANCE UNIT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
CT01CTDEP-11
"ISSUES IN UNDERTAKING A DIESEL I/M PROGRAM"
CT DEPT. OF ENV. PROTECTION, AIR COMPLIANCE UNIT
CTDEP, JG
02/01/89
CT01 CONNECTICUT DEPT. OF ENV. PROTECTION, AIR COMPLIANCE UNIT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
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FL031
HIGH RISK POINT SOURCE STUDY FOR THE FORMULATION OF PESTICIDES AND
AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS AT SOUTHERN MILL CREEK PRODUCTS, INC. (SMCP)
TAMPA, FLORIDA
HILLSBOROUGH CO. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COMMISSION
AIR TOXICS SECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COMMISSION
01/30/90, 101 pages
THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO ASSESS THE TOTAL CANCER RISK
ASSOCIATED WITH THE MIXING AND BLENDING OF VARIOUS PESTICIDE
FORMULATIONS, AND TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FACILITY'S
EXISTING EMISSION CONTROLS SYSTEMS AND THE NEED FOR ADDITIONAL VOC
CONTROLS.
CS CASE STUDY
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
FL03 HILLSBOROUGH CO. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COMMISSION
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
1330-20-7 XYLENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
287 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
2879 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, NEC
2921-88-2 CHLORPYRIFOS
333-41-5 DIAZINON
62-73-7 VAPONA
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
GPO 017-033-00439-1
Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards,
Supplement 1
NIOSH
1988. 218p, $11.00
NIOSH 88-118, Avail NIOSH
Abstract: Supplements the 1981 publication entitled 'NIOSH/OSHA
Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards,' DHHS
publication NIOSH 81-123. Contains 35 occupational safety and health
guidelines. Each guideline includes data on chemical names and
synonyms, chemical and physical properties, exposure limits, signs
and symptoms of exposure, as well as recommendations for medical
monitoring, respiratory and personal protective equipment, and
control, procedures. See PB83-154609.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP. SAFETY AND HEALTH
GPO 017-033-00441-2
Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards,
Supplement 2
NIOSH
1988, 185p, $10.00
NIOSH 89-104, Avail NIOSH
Abstract: Supplements the 1981 publication entitled 'NIOSH/OSHA
Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards,' DHHS Publication
NIOSH 81-123. Contains 30 occupational safety and health
guidelines. Each guideline includes data on chemical names and
synonyms, chemical and physical properties, exposure limits, signs
and symptoms of exposure, as well as recommendations for medical
monitoring, respiratory and personal protective equipment, and
control procedures. See PB83-154609.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP.
SAFETY AND HEALTH
GPO 055-000-00292-4
Summary Review of Health Effects Associated with Hydrogen Fluoride
and Related Compounds: Health Issue Assessment
EPA
Dec 88, 65p, EPA-600/8-89-002 F, $2.25
PB89-220495, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: The average daily hydrogen fluoride intake is on the order
of 1.2-3.0 ing/day from food and water, respectively, for children
and adults who do not have any occupational exposure to or do not
live in the immediate vicinity of industrial operations that emit HF.
Use of fluoridated dentifrices contributes an additional 0.25 mg/day;
less than 0.1 mg/day comes from inhaled fluoride. This total exposure
level (approximately 0.06 mg/kg/day) has been shown to have a
cariostatic effect, especially in children, and is generally
considered to be the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL). This
level of exposure has been established as the oral reference dose
(RfD) by the Agency, although it should be noted that very mild
dental fluorosis (mottling) has been observed in about 20X of the
people who are chronically exposed at this level. The possible
carcinogenic potential or chronic exposure to fluoride has been
investigated, and the Agency has stated that there is not enough
information to conclude that fluoride presents a cancer risk to
humans.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
16984-48-8 FLUORIDES
7664-39-3 HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
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u>
1D011
AIR TOXICS EVALUATION: WAFERBOARD PLANT-FORMALDEHYDE. METHYLENE
DIPHENYL ISOCYANATE (HOI)
ID DIV. OF ENV., AIR QUALITY BUR.
ROBERT WILKOSZ
08/04/87, 13 pages
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
ID01 IDAHO DIV. OF ENV., AIR QUALITY BUR.
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
101-68-8 DIPHENYLMETHANE-4,4'-DIISOCYANATE
24 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
249 MISCELLANEOUS WOOD PRODUCTS
2493 RECONSTITUTED WOOD PRODUCTS
50-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
IN03IN001
TOXIC AIR SAMPLING RESULTS FROM MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY -
INDIANA REFINING DIVISION
INDIANAPOLIS AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION
CHERYL CARLSON
01/31/90, 40 pages
MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY IS A CRUDE OIL REFINERY. FOUR SAMPLES
WERE TAKEN USING SUMMA POLISHED CANISTERS. THE SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED
BY A GAS-CHROMATOGRAPH WITH A FLAME-IONIZATION DETECTOR. SEVENTEEN
COMPOUNDS WERE DETECTED. THE SAMPLES WERE TAKEN BETWEEN DECEMBER 1988
AND MARCH 1989.
IN03 INDIANAPOLIS AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
100-41-4 ETHYL BENZENE
106-93-4 ETHYLENE DI BROMIDE
107-06-2 ETHYLENE DI CHLORIDE
108-88-3 TOLUENE
108-90-7 MONOCHLOROBENZENE
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
56-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
67-66-3 CHLOROFORM
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE.1.1,1-
74-83-9 METHYL BROMIDE
75-01-4 VINYL CHLORIDE
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
75-69-4 FLUOROTRICHLOROHETHANE
78-87-5 DICHLOROPROPANE.1,2-
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
95-47-6 XYLENE,0-
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LA01ACT184062389
COMPREHENSIVE TOXIC AIR POLLUTANT EMISSION CONTROL PROGRAM - ACT
NO. 184.
LA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, AIR QUALITY DIV.
06/23/89, 4 pages
ACT NO. 184 RELATIVE TO TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS WAS SIGNED INTO LAW TO
PROVIDE FOR THE POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY OF THE LOUISIANA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, TO PROVIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT AND
IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPREHENSIVE TOXIC AIR POLLUTANT EMISSION CONTROL
PROGRAM, TO DELETE THE HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT PROGRAM, TO PROVIDE FOR
RECORDS, TO PROVIDE FOR ORDERS AND PROCEDURES, TO PROVIDE FOR FEES,
AND TO PROVIDE FOR RELATED MATTERS.
LA01
STATE/LOC
LOUISIANA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, AIR QUALITY DIV.
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
LA01DEVDOC032790
DEVELOPMENT DOCUMENT FOR THE INITIAL LIST OF 100 TOXIC AIR
POLLUTANTS.
LA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, AIR QUALITY DIV.
LA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY - OFFICE OF AIR QUALITY AND NUCLEAR
ENERGY
03/27/90, 52 pages
THE PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT IS TO PROVIDE DETAILS ON THE INFORMATION
AND PROCEDURES EMPLOYED IN DEVELOPING THE INITIAL LIST OF 100 TOXIC
AIR POLLUTANTS TO BE REGULATED UNDER ACT 184. ACT 184 WAS SIGNED INTO
LAW ON JUNE 23. 1989 AND CREATED THE "COMPREHENSIVE TOXIC AIR
POLLUTANT EMISSION CONTROL PROGRAM". THIS DOCUMENT SHOULD ALSO SERVE
AS A USEFUL REFERENCE FOR THOSE WITH INTERESTS IN TOXIC AIR
CONTAMINANTS RELEASED WITHIN THE STATE OF LOUISIANA.
LA01
STATE/LOC
LOUISIANA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY,
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
AIR QUALITY DIV.
LA01TAPL1ST 123089
PROPOSED LIST OF 100 TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS TO BE REGULATED UNDER
ACT 184
LA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, AIR QUALITY DIV.
LA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY - OFFICE OF AIR QUALITY AND NUCLEAR
ENERGY
12/30/89, 7 pages
A PROPOSED LIST OF 100 TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS TO BE REGULATED UNDER ACT
184 "COMPREHENSIVE TOXIC AIR POLLUTANT EMISSION CONTROL PROGRAM"
PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH REQUIREMENTS OF ACT 184 OF THE 1989
REGULAR SESSION OF THE LOUISIANA LEGISLATURE.
LA01
STATE/LOC
LOUISIANA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, AIR QUALITY DIV.
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
LA01PERMPOL100689
AIR PERMITS POLICY OF OCTOBER 6. 1989: NON-CRITERIA AND TOXIC
POLLUTANT MODELING FOR NEW SOURCES OR MODIFICATION OF EXISTING
SOURCES
LA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, AIR QUALITY DIV.
LA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, OFFICE OF AIR QUALITY AND NUCLEAR
ENERGY
10/06/89, 7 pages
REQUIRED INFORMATION FOR PERMIT EVALUATION OF NEW SOURCES AND
MODIFICATION OF EXISTING SOURCES REGARDING NON-CRITERIA AND TOXIC
POLLUTANT MODELING.
LA01
STATE/LOC
LOUISIANA DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, AIR QUALITY DIV.
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
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(-»
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MAO185002
The Chemical Health Effects Assessment Methodology and the Method
to Derive Acceptable Ambient Levels (CHEM and AAL)
The Department of Environmental Quality Engineering
MA DEPT OF ENV. PROTECTION, DIV. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
05/01/90, 600 pages
The Chemical Health Effects Assessment Methodology (CHEM) and the
process which composes the health basis of the Massachusetts
Department of Environmental Quality Engineering air toxics program are
described. Using valid epidemiological, clinical, and experimental
data from primary sources and peer-reviewed secondary sources, CHEM
systematically identifies and evaluates the following potential
adverse health effects of chemical substances: acute/chronic toxicity,
carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and developmental/reproductive
toxicity. The method to derive AALs establishes ambient air levels
for specific chemical substances based on the health data provided by
CHEM; the health data are incorporated through a series of adjustment
and safety factors applied to selected occupational limits to provide
protection for the general public against continuous exposure and to
account for gaps and inadequacies in the data. The Department
believes that CHEM and AAL offers a viable tool for protecting public
health and decreasing risk from effects of exposure to toxic air
pollutants.
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
MA01 MASSACHUSETTS DEPT OF ENV. PROTECTION, DIV. OF AIR QUALITY
STATE/LOG STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
100-41-4 ETHYL BENZENE
100-42-5 STYRENE
100-44-7 BENZYL CHLORIDE
106-44-5 CRESOL.P-
106-46-7 DICHLOROBENZENE.1,4-
106-48-9 CHLOROPHENOL.P-
106-89-8 EPICHLOROHYORIN
106-99-0 BUTADIENE.1,3-
107-06-2 ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE
107-13-1 ACRYLONITRILE
107-21-1 ETHYLENE GLYCOL
108-05-4 VINYL ACETATE
108-21-4 ISOPROPYL ACETATE
108-31-6 MALEIC ANHYDRIDE
108-38-3 XYLENE.M-
108-43-0 CHLOROPHENOL.M-
108-46-3 RESORCINOL
108-88-3 TOLUENE
108-90-7 MONOCHLOROBENZENE
108-95-2 PHENOL
109-86-4 METHOXYETHANOL.2-
109-89-7 DIETHYLAMINE
109-99-9 TETRAHYDROFURAN
MA0185002 (continued)
110-19-0 ISOBUTYL ACETATE
110-82-7 CYCLOHEXANE
117-81-7 BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE
121-44-8 TRIETHYLAMINE
122-39-4 PHENYLBENZENAMINE.N-
123-91-1 DIOXANE.1,4-
123-92-2 AMYL ACETATE,ISO-
126-99-8 CHLOROBUTADIENE,2-.1,3-
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
1313-99-1 NICKEL OXIDE
1314-62-1 VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
1336-36-3 POLYCHLORINATEO BIPHENYLS
13765-19-0 CALCIUM CHROMATE, ANHYDROUS
140-88-5 ETHYL ACRYLATE (INHIBITED)
141-78-6 ETHYL ACETATE
16984-48-8 FLUORIDES
1746-01-6 TETRACHLOROOIBENZO-P-DIOXIN,2,3,7,8-
2385-85-5 MIREX
301-04-2 LEAD ACETATE
302-01-2 HYDRAZINE
50-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
540-59-0 DICHLORC€THYLENE,1,2-,CIS-TRANS-
56-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
57-74-9 CHLORDANE
58-89-9 LINDANE
591-78-6 HEXANONE.2-
60-29-7 ETHYL ETHER
62-53-3 ANILINE
67-64-1 ACETONE
67-66-3 CHLOROFORM
67-68-5 DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE
67-72-1 HEXACHLOROETHANE
68-12-2 DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE.N.N-
70-30-4 HEXACHLOROPHENE
71-23-8 PROPYL ALCOHOL
71-36-3 BUTYL ALCOHOL
71-43-2 BENZENE
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE,1,1,1-
74-83-9 METHYL BROMIDE
74-85-1 ETHYLENE
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
7440-02-0 NICKEL
7440-41-7 BERYLLIUM
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
7446-34-6 SELENIUM SULFIDE
75-00-3 CHLOROETHANE
75-01-4 VINYL CHLORIDE
75-07-0 ACETALDEHYDE
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
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MA0185002 (continued)
75-35-4 DICHLOROETHYLENE.1,1-
75-56-9 PROPYLENE OXIDE
76-12-0 TETRACHLOROOIFLUOROETHANE,1.1,2,2-.1,2-
76-44-8 HEPTACHLOR
7664-39-3 HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
7664-41-7 AMMONIA
7782-49-2 SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, AS SE
7782-50-5 CHLORINE
7783-06-4 HYDROGEN SULFIDE
78-83-1 ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL
78-87-5 DICHLOROPROPANE.1,2-
79-00-5 TRICHLOROETHANE.1.1,2-
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
79-34-5 TETRACHLOROETHANE,1,1,2.2-
80-62-6 METHYL METHACRYLATE
85-44-9 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
87-86-5 PENTACHLOROPHENOL
91-20-3 NAPHTHALENE
92-52-4 BIPHENYL
95-50-1 DICHLOROBEN2ENE.1.2-
95-95-4 TRICHLOROPHENOL.2,4,5-
96-33-3 METHYL ACRYLATE
98-95-3 NITROBENZENE
METHANOL ANALYSIS
Analysis of the Economic and Environmental Effects of Methanol as an
Automotive Fuel
EPA, Ann Arbor, MI. OMS
Sep 89, 47p, Avail OMS
Abstract: In July 1989 the President submitted to Congress his
Administration's proposals for revising the Clean Air Act. One major
component of his plan is the Clean Alternative Fuels Program. This
program would replace a portion of the motor vehicle fleet in certain
cities with new vehicles that meet stringent air emission limits
operating on clean-burning fuels such as methanol, ethanol,
compressed natural gas, liquified petroleum gas, electricity, and
reformulated gasoline. This report, released by EPA, is the first in
a series of reports that will discuss the economic and environmental
issues associated with each of these fuels. The economic and
environmental analyses contained in this and subsequent reports
assume the full implementation of the President's Alternative Fuels
Program. Copies of this and the other special reports can be
obtained from the Office of Mobile Sources. Emission Control
Technology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ann Arbor,
MI 48105, telephone (313) 668-4454.
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
67-56-1 METHANOL
ME01CHLORINE
RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR CHLORINE - FINAL REPORT
ME DEPT. OF ENV. PROT., BUR. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
NORMAN T. ANDERSON - ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH UNIT, BUREAU OF HEALTH
08/31/89, 33 pages
THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIRBORNE CHLORINE EXPOSURES HAVE BEEN ASSESSED
AS PART OF MAINE'S HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT PROGRAM. CHLORINE IS THE
FIFTH SUBSTANCE TO HAVE UNDERGONE FORMAL EVALUATION IN THIS PROGRAM.
CHLORINE OCCURS NATURALLY IN THE EARTH'S CRUST IN THE FORM OF VARIOUS
CHLORIDE COMPOUNDS. ABOUT 10 MILLION POUNDS OF MOLECULAR CHLORINE (CL2
ARE MANUFACTURED ANNUALLY IN THE US, PRINCIPALLY THROUGH BRINE ELECT-
ROLYSIS. AT STANDARD TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE. CHLORINE IS A GREENISH-
YELLOW GAS WITH A PUNGENT IRRITATING ODOR. IT IS USUALLY STORED AND
TRANSPORTED AS A LIQUID. CHLORINE IS USED AS A BLEACHING AGENT, AND AS
A CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATE IN THE SYNTHESIS OF SEVERAL ORGANOCHLORINE
COMPOUNDS.
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
ME01 MAINE DEPT. OF ENV. PROT., BUR. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
7782-50-5 CHLORINE
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ME01FORMALDEHYDE
RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FORMALDEHYDE
ME DEPT. OF ENV. PROT., BUR. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
NORMAN T. ANDERSON - ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM - BUREAU OF
02/01/88, 81 pages HEAL™
FORMALDEHYDE IS A COLORLESS GAS WITH A PUNGENT. SUFFOCATING ODOR IT
IS THE MOST IMPORTANT COMMERCIALLY PRODUCED ALDEHYDE, WITH A WORLDWIDE
PRODUCTION ESTIMATED AT 8 MILLION TONS/YR. ITS PRINCIPAL USE IS IN THE
PRODUCTION OF AMINO AND PHENOLIC RESINS WHICH ARE USED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF PARTICLEBOARD AND PLYWOOD. FORMALDEHYDE IS MANUFACTURED FOR
SEVERAL OTHER REASONS AS WELL, INCLUDING ITS USE AS AN EMBALMING
FLUID DISINFECTANT, AND AS AN INTERMEDIATE IN THE SYNTHESIS OF OTHER
CHEMICALS. FORMALDEHYDE EMISSIONS INTO THE AIR MAY COME FROM A VAR-
IETY OF SOURCES. THESE INCLUDE LOSSES FROM ITS MANUFACTURE AND FROM
PRODUCTION PROCESSES USING FORMALDEHYDE. FORMALDEHYDE LOSSES OCCUR
FROM BUILDING MATERIALS AND OTHER CONSUMER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED WITH
FORMALDEHYDE-CONTAINING RESINS. FORMALDEHYDE AND OTHER ALDEHYDES ARE
ALSO EMITTED INTO THE AIR FROM VARIOUS FORMS OF VEGETATION IN ADD-
TION, THESE GASES ARE ALSO EMITTED DURING THE COMBUSTION OF FUELS
(WOODSMOKE) OR TOBACCO. ALTHOUGH THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THESE
EMISSION SOURCES MAY VARY SIGNIFICANTLY WITH TIME OF YEAR AND GEO-
GRAPHICAL LOCATION, COMBUSTION PROCESSES GENERALLY REPRESENT IMPORTANT
EMISSION SOURCES.
EA
HA
ME01
RA
STATE/LOC
50-00-0
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
HEALTH ASSESSMENT
MAINE OEPT. OF ENV. PROT., BUR. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
RISK ASSESSMENT
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
FORMALDEHYDE
ME01PERCHLOROETHYLEN
QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PCE)
ME DEPT. OF ENV. PROT., BUR. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
NORMAN T. ANDERSON - ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH UNIT - BUREAU OF HEALTH
05/01/87, 196 pages
THIS DOCUMENT IS A SUPPLEMENT TO THE RISK ASSESSMENT OF PERC PREPARED
BY NESCAUM IN 1986. IT WAS CONDUCTED AS PART OF MAINE'S HAZARDOUS AIR
POLLUTANT PROGRAM, WHICH WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1984 BY THE MAINE LEGIS-
LATURE. THIS LEGISLATION REQUIRED THE DEPT TO DEVELOP A HAZARDOUS AIR
POLLUTANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY FOR ALL INDUSTRIAL, COMMERCIAL AND AREA
RCES IN THE STATE. THE LEGISLATION FURTHER REQUIRED THE BUREAU OF
HEALTH, WITH ASSISTANCE OF ITS SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY PANEL, TO ESTABLISH
A PROTOCOL FOR EVALUATING THESE POLLUTANTS AND TO PREPARE REPORTS ON
THEIR ASSOCIATED HEALTH CONSEQUENCES. THIS PROTOCOL RANKS COMPOUNDS
USING PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENTS OF THEIR EMISSION AND TOXICITIES
EA
HA
ME01
RA
STATE/LOC
127-18-4
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
HEALTH ASSESSMENT
MAINE DEPT. OF ENV. PROT., BUR. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
RISK ASSESSMENT
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
ME01WOODSMOKE
RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR RESIDENTIAL WOOD COMBUSTION EMISSIONS
ME DEPT. OF ENV. PROT., BUR. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
NORMAN T. ANDERSON - ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH UNIT. BUREAU OF HEALTH
10/01/89, 71 pages
THE PURPOSE OF THIS ASSESSMENT IS TO EVALUATE THE HEALTH IMPACTS ASS-
OCIATED WITH RESIDENTIAL WOOD COMBUSTION EMISSIONS. WHEN RANKED AC-
CORDING TO THE HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT RANKING SYSTEM (ANDERSON 1986)
ADDING TOGETHER THE FINAL SCORES OF THE FIFTEEN HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUT-
ANTS DETERMINED TO BE IN THIS COMBUSTION MIXTURE, WOODSMOKE BECAME THE
PRIORITY ON THE LIST OF POLLUTANTS FOR WHICH FORMAL EVALUATIONS SHOULD
BE CONSIDERED.
THE COMBUSTION OF WOOD PRODUCES A COMPLEX CHEMICAL MIXTURE OF PARTIC-
ULATE AND GASEOUS AIR EMISSIONS. OVER 100 CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS HAVE
BEEN IDENTIFIED IN WOOOSMOKE, AND IT IS LIKELY THAT MANY MORE COM-
POUNDS EXIST. MAJOR PRODUCTS OF WOOD COMBUSTION INCLUDE CO HCL S02
NOX, AND A VARIETY OF OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS.
EA
HA
ME01
RA
STATE/LOC
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
HEALTH ASSESSMENT
MAINE DEPT. OF ENV. PROT., BUR. OF AIR QUALITY CONTROL
RISK ASSESSMENT
STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
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I-1
CO
MOBIL •»• CANCER COSTS
Methodology for Estimating Costs of Carcinogenic Emissions from
HobiI Sources
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Mathtech, Inc.
Sep 88, 31p, Avail EPA
Abstract: This report develops a methodology for estimating costs
of cancer deaths associated with hazardous air pollutants emissions
from mobil sources. A risk assessment study utilizing the number of
cancer deaths as a function of mobil source emissions was matched
with air quality concentration data and evaluated for different
scenarios. The scenarios varied the number of deaths as a function
of the concentration of pollutant exposure that results in cancer.
Specifically, estimates of the cost of cancer deaths due to the
emissions are developed for 1986 and 1995. Estimates are made for
the Northeast, Southeast, and United States. For a copy of this
report, contact Leland Deck, U.S. EPA, 919-541-5294.
CL-CARCIN CARCINOGENS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
NTP-STUD1ES '89
Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of ...
NTP, Research Triangle Park, NC
Various dates, Length varies. Available NTIS
Abstract: NTP performs studies on the toxicology and careinogenicity
of a number of chemicals. The following list of chemicals are those
for which a report has been printed and is available through NTIS
(see the introduction for ordering information). In many cases, the
title begins "Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of (Chemical
Name)..."
NTP NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM
TT TOXICITY TESTING
100-42-5 STYRENE
105-60-2 CAPROLACTAM
106-46-7 DICHLOROBENZENE,1,4-
106-93-4 ETHYLENE 01 BROMIDE
106-99-0 BUTADIENE,1,3-
107-05-1 CHLOROPRENE.3-
107-06-2 ETHYLENE OICHLORIOE
108-88-3 TOLUENE
108-90-7 MONOCHLOROBENZENE
108-95-2 PHENOL
12001-28-4 ASBESTOS CROCIDOLITE
12001-29-5 CHRYSOTILE
121-14-2 DINITROTOLUENE,2,4-
121-69-7 DIMETHYLANILINE.N.N-
12172-73-5 ASBESTOS, AMOS1TE
123-31-9 HYDROQUINONE
123-91-1 DIOXANE.1,4-
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
133-06-2 CAPTAN
133-90-4 CHLORAMBEN
1582-09-8 TRIFLURALIN
1746-01-6 TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN,2,3,7,8-
262-12-4 DIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
26471-62-5 TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE
271-89-6 BENZOFURAN,2,3-
298-00-0 METHYL PARATHION
309-00-2 ALDRIN
33857-26-0 DICHLOROOIBENZODIOXIN,2.7-,P-
510-15-6 CHLOROBENZILATE
542-75-6 DICHLOROPROPENE,1,3-
56-36-2 PARATHiON
57-74-9 CHLORDANE
62-73-7 VAPONA '
67-72-1 HEXACHLOROETHANE
71-43-2 BENZENE
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE,1,1,1-
75-00-3 CHLOROETHANE
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VO
MTP-STUOIES '89 (continued)
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
75-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
76-44-8 HEPTACHLOR
78-87-5 DICHLOROPROPAME,1,2-
79-34-5 TETRACHLOROETHANE.1,1,2,2-
80-62-6 METHYL METHACRYLATE
85-44-9 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
88-06-2 TRICHLOROPHENOL.2,4,6-
NY0187005
RISK ASSESSMENT UNCERTAINTIES=THE CASE OF DICHLOROMETHANE
NY DEPT OF ENV. CONSERVATION, DIV. OF AIR QUALITY
VIRGINIA REST AND MOISES RIANO
01/01/89. 8 pages
THIS DOCUMENT DISCUSSES THE UNCERTAINTIES INHERENT IN THE RISK
ASSESSMENT PROCESS AS THEY SPECIFICALLY APPLY TO HEALTH EFFECT STUDIES
CONDUCTED FOR DICHLOROMETHANE (METHYLENE CHLORIDE).
NY01 NEW YORK DEPT OF ENV. CONSERVATION, DIV. OF AIR QUALITY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
PA02APCA/V1P-7
AMBIENT MONITORING FOR EIGHT TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS AT THREE SITES IN
PHILADELPHIA.
PHIL. DEPT. OF PUBLIC HEALTH, AIR MANAGEMENT SERVICES
E. CHASZ
01/01/86, 16 pages
THIS PAPER PRESENTS RESULTS OF INITIAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT WORK &
ANALYTICAL DATA FOR A SELECTED GROUP OF TRACE LEVEL AMBIENT ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS PRESENT IN PHILADELPHIA'S AIR. THE METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED
CENTERS ON THE USE OF A NOVEL COMPOSITE SORBENT TUBE CONTAINING GLASS
BEADS, TENAX & AMBERSORB XE-340 IN SERIES TO FORM A SAMPLE COLLECTION
TUBE CAPABLE OF RETAINING TENAX ALONE. THE SYSTEM HAS THE ADDED
ADVANTAGE OF USING A SMALLER SORBENT TUBE UITH MUCH LESS TOTAL SORBENT
MATERIAL THAN IS TYPICAL FOR A SINGLE COMPONENT TENAX TUBE.
SUBSEQUENT ANALYSIS IS BY THERMAL DESORPTION COUPLED UITH GC-FID/ECD
AND SELECTED ION MONITORING MS.
THE COMPOUNDS INVESTIGATED INCLUDE METHYLENE CHLORIDE, CHLOROFORM,
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE, BENZENE, 1,2-DICHLOROPROPANE
TRICHLOROETHYLENE AND PERCHLOROETHYLENE. AMBIENT LEVELS MEASURED WERE
GENERALLY IN THE 0.1 TO 10 PPB RANGE, 24 HOUR AVERAGE. THIS GROUP OF
EIGHT COMPOUNDS IS MONITORED EVERY SIXTH DAY AT THREE SITES IN
PHILADELPHIA AS PART OF AN ONGOING AMBIENT MONITORING PROBRAM FOR NON-
CRITERIA POLLUTANTS.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PA02 PHILADELPHIA DEPT. OF PUBLIC HEALTH, AIR MANAGEMENT SERVICE
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
107-06-2 ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
56-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
67-66-3 CHLOROFORM
71-43-2 BENZENE
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
78-87-5 DICHLOROPROPANE.1,2-
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
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PB-275 666
Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Aldrin and Oieldrin
(CAS No. 309-00-2 AND 60-57-1)
NTP, Research Triangle Park, NC
Sep 77, 166p. NCl/NTP TR-021, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: Toxicological studies and carcinogenic bioassays for the
chemical(s) mentioned were performed on a species of laboratory
animal. Results and test conditions are described.
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
NTP NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM
TT TOXICITY TESTING
309-00-2 ALORIN
60-57-1 DIELDRIN
PB-281 306/1
User's Guide for PAL A Gaussian-Plume Algorithm for Point, Area,
and Line Sources
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESRL
U. B. Peterson
Feb 78, 163p, EPA-600/4-78-013, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: PAL is an acronym for this point, area, and line source
algorithm. PAL is a method of estimating short-term dispersion using
Gaussian-plume steady-state assumptions. The algorithm can be used
for estimating concentrations of non-reactive pollutants at 30
receptors for averaging times of from 1 to 24 hours, and for a limted
number of point, area, and line sources (30 of each type).
Calculations are performed for each hour. The hourly meteorological
data required are wind direction, wind speed, stability class, and
mixing height. Single values of each of these four parameters are
assumed representative for the area modeled. This algorithm is not
intended for application to entire urban areas but is intended
rather, to assess the impact on air quality, on scales of tens to
hundreds of meters, of portions of urban areas such as shopping
centers, large parking areas, and airports. Level terrain is
assumed.
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
45 TRANSPORTATION BY AIR
458 AIRPORTS, FLYING FIELDS, & SERVICES
4581 AIRPORTS, FLYING FIELDS, & SERVICES
75 AUTO REPAIR. SERVICES, AND PARKING
752 AUTOMOBILE PARKING
7521 AUTOMOBILE PARKING
PB81-168510
Teratologic Assessment of Butylene Oxide, Styrerse Oxide and Methyl
Bromide
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
1980, 76 p., PC A05/MF A01
NIOSH PUB No: 81-124, AVAIL NIOSH
GPO No: 017-033-00389-1, $5.00
Abstract: The general toxicology of butylene oxide (106-88-7) (bo),
styrene oxide (96-09-3) (so), and methyl bromide (74-83-9) (mb) was
investigated. Rats were exposed 7 hours a day for 5 days a week for 3
weeks, mated, and exposed for 19 days of gestation (dg). Pregnant
rabbits were exposed 7 hours a day for 24 dg. Exposure chamber
concentrations were monitored and ranged from 250 to 1,000; 100 to
300; and 20 to 70 parts per million (ppm) for bo, so, and mb,
respectively. So concentrations were reduced to 15 to 50 ppm for
rabbits. Bo and mb produced little toxic symptomology in rats; bo in
both concentrations elevated rabbit mortality values; mb in the higher
concentration tested produced severe neurotoxicity and 96 percent
mortality. Bo produced minimal embryotoxic effects in rabbits when
introduced at concentrations that were maternally toxic. Mb was not
notably embryotoxic. An extensive mortality occurred with so
exposures at 100 and 300 ppm for rats and rabbits, respectively.
Lower concentrations were adopted for testing. A 50 ppm so inhalation
exposure caused death in rabbits at a 79 percent rate and gestational
exposure decreased fecundity in rats, increased resorptions in rabbits
and decreased fetal weight and length in both animals.
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP. SAFETY AND HEALTH
106-88-7 EPOXYBUTANE,1,2-
109-99-9 TETRAHYDROFURAN
74-83-9 METHYL BROMIDE
96-09-3 STYRENE OXIDE
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PB82-131566
Characterization of Exhaust Emissions from High Mileage Catalyst-
Equipped Automobiles
EPA, Ann Arbor, HI, QMS
Southwest Research Inst.
L.R. Smith
Sep 81, 191p, EPA-460/3-81-024. PC A09/MF A01
Abstract: This report describes the laboratory effort to
characterize regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions from ten
1978 and 1979 high mileage catalyst equipped gasoline automobiles
which have been driven for approximately 50,000 miles. The ten
automobiles were evaluated as-received and after a tune-up to
manufacturer's specifications, over the Light-Duty Federal Test
Procedure (FTP) and the Highway Fuel Economy Driving Schedule (HFET).
Exhaust constituents measured, in addition to the regulated
emissions, include: aldehydes, particulates, sulfides, amines,
metals, and several additional elements and compounds. Additional
evaluations involved the measurement of the regulated emissions over
four short-test procedures.
CL-ALDEHYD ALDEHYDES
CL-AHINE AMINES
CL-METAL METALLIC COMPOUNDS
CL-PM PARTICIPATE MATTER
CL-SULFIDE SULFIDES
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
37 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
371 MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT
3711 MOTOR VEHICLES AND CAR BODIES
PB82-257312
Tests of the Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Dispersion Model at
the Armco Middletown, Ohio Steel Mill
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Cramer (H.E.) Co., Inc.
J.F. Bowers, A.J. Anderson, and W.R. Hargraves
Feb 82, 465p, EPA-450/4-83-006, PC A20/MF A01
Abstract: The primary purpose of the study described in this report
was to test the performance of the gravitational settling/dry
deposition of the Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Dispersion Model
using the 1980 participate air quality measurements made by Armco and
EPA in the vicinity of the Armco Steel Mill at Middletown, Ohio, with
the corresponding Armco emissions data. Statistical comparisons of
calculated and observed concentrations, made following the procedures
suggested by an AMS Workshop on Dispersion Model Performance, show
that use of the ISC Model's gravitational settling/dry deposition
option yields calculated by the ISC Model without using this option
are representative of the concentrations that would be calculated
using the modeling techniques recommended for application to
particulate sources in the current (April 1978) EPA Guideline on Air
Quality Models, the results of the study indicate that the ISC Model
with the gravitational settling/dry deposition option is an
improvement over the modeling techniques currently recommended for
particulate sources.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
DM DISPERSION MODELING
33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
331 BLAST FURNACE AND BASIC STEEL PRODUCTS
3312 BLAST FURNACES AND STEEL MILLS
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PB83-116830
Characterization of Exhaust Emissions from Methanol- and
Gasoline-Fueled Automobiles.
EPA, Ann Arbor, MI, QMS
Southwest Research Inst.
L.R. Smith and C. M. Urban
Aug 82, 180p, EPA-460/3-82-004. PC A09/MF A01
Abstract: This report describes the laboratory effort to characterize
regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions from four light duty,
sparkignited automobiles. Two of the automobiles, a 1981 Ford Escort
and a 1981 Volkswagen Rabbit, were evaluated with gasoline; one of
these was also operated on a gasoline-alcohol blend. The two other
vehicles, also a 1981 Escort and a 1981 Rabbit, were evaluated with
methanol fuel. The automobiles were evaluated over the Light Duty
Federal Test Procedure (FTP) and the Highway Fuel Economy Driving
Schedule (HFET). Additional evaluations with the methanol fueled
Escort and Rabbit were conducted using promoted base metal catalysts,
and the Excort was evaluated in a non-catalyst configuration. Ex-
haust constituents measured, in addition to the regulated emissions,
include: aldehydes (including formaldehyde), particulates, individual
hydrocarbons, methanol, ethanol, ammonia, cyanide, amines, nitrosames,
and methyl nitrite. Additional exhaust evaluations included mass
spectral and Ames bioassay analyses.
CL-ALDEHYD ALDEHYDES
CL-AMINE AMINES
CL-NITROSO NITROSO COMPOUNDS
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1336-36-3 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
41 LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER TRANSIT
57-12-5 CYANIDE
64-17-5 ETHANOL
67-56-1 METHANOL
7664-41-7 AMMONIA
PB84-151984
Comprehensive Assessment of the Specific Compounds Present in
Combustion Processes. Volume 3: National Survey of Organic Emissions
from Coal-Fired Utility Boiler Plants
EPA
Midwest Research Institute
C.L.Haile, et al.
Sep 83, 236p, EPA-560/5-83-006, PC A11/MF A01
Abstract: This study was conducted as a part of a nationwide survey
to determine organic emissions from major stationary combustion
sources. The principal compounds of interest are polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) and chlorinated aromatic compounds, including
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-o-dioxins
(PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). This report
describes the methods and results of sampling and analysis activities
at the seven plants constituting the nationwide survey of coal fired
utility boiler plants.
CL-CHC CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-ORGANIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CL-POM POLYCYCLIC ORGANIC MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
11097-69-1 AROCLOR 1254
132-64-9 DIBENZOFURAN
1336-36-3 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
1746-01-6 TETRACHLOROOIBENZO-P-DIOXIN,2,3,7,8-
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
491 ELECTRIC SERVICES
4911 ELECTRIC SERVICES
53469-21-9 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL (AROCLOR 1242)
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PB84-198019
Current Intelligence Bulletin 41. 1,3-Butadiene CH2=CH-CH=CH2
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
Feb 84, 61p, PC A04/MF A01
NIOSH PUB No. 84-105, AVAIL NIOSH
Abstract: Inhalation exposure of rats and mice to 1,3-butadiene
induced a carcinogenic response at multiple sites. Mammary
fibroadenomas/carcinomas, uterine sarcomas, Leydig cell adenomas of
the testes, thyroid follicular cell adenomas, exocrine tumors of the
pancreas, and Zymbal gland carcinomas were identified in rats exposed
at concentrations of 1,000 or 8,000 ppm of 1,3-butadiene. Mice
exposed to 625 or 1,250 ppm of 1,3-butadiene developed a high
incidence of malignant lymphomas; an increased incidence of other
tumors, including hemangiosarcomas; and testicular and ovarian
atrophy. The offspring of pregnant rats exposed to 1,3-butadiene at
8,000 ppm had major skeletal defects. In addition, fetal toxicity was
observed when pregnant dams were exposed to 200 ppm, 1,000 ppm, and
8,000 ppm. Epidemiological studies of workers employed in facilities
producing styrene-butadiene rubber indicated an increased, but not
statistically significant, risk of mortality from neoplasms of the
lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues and from leukemia.
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP. SAFETY AND HEALTH
106-99-0 BUTADIENE,1,3-
30 RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
PB86-134269/REB
Health Effects Assessment for cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
EPA, Cincinnati, OH, ECAO
Sep 84. 25p, EPA-540/1-86-015, PC A02/MF A01
Abstract: The document represents a brief, quantitatively oriented
scientific summary of health effects data. It was developed by the
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office to assist the Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response in establishing chemical-specific
health-related goals of remedial actions. If applicable,
chemical-specific subchronic and chronic toxicity interim acceptable
intakes are determined for systemic toxicants, or q(sub 1)* values are
determined for carcinogens for both oral and inhalation routes.
Sufficient data are not available at this time on cis-1.2-dichloro-
ethylene to determine either acceptable intakes or q(sub 1)*s.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
156-59-2 DICHLOROETHYLENE,1,2-,CIS-
PB86-134525/REB
Health Effects Assessment for trans-,1,2-Dichloroethylene
EPA, Cincinnati, OH, ECAO
Sep 84, 25p, EPA-540/1-86-041, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The document represents a brief, quantitatively oriented
scientific summary of health effects data. It was developed by the
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office to assist the Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response in establishing chemical-specific
health-related goals of remedial actions. If applicable,
chemical-specific subchronic and chronic toxicity interim acceptable
intakes are determined for systemic toxicants, or q(sub 1)* values are
determined for carcinogens for both oral and inhalation routes.
Sufficient data are not available at this time on
trans-1,2-dichloroethylene to determine either acceptable intakes or
q(sub 1)*s.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
156-60-5 DICHLOROETHYLENE,1,2-,TRANS-
PB86-143435/XAB
Monograph on Human Exposure to Chemicals in the Workplace:
Epichlorohydrin National Cancer Institute
Jul 85, 49p, SRC-TR-84-631, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents a summary and evaluation of information
relevant to an occupational hazard assessment of the chemical.
Pertinent toxicologic data were located through on-line and manual
literature searches for the period extending back approximately ten
years from 1984. No attempt was made to exhaustively review the
toxicologic literature; where appropriate the reader is referred to
comprehensive reviews on this topic. Special attention in this report
was focused on summarizing the available information regarding the
carcinogenic potential of the chemical.
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
NCI NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
106-89-8 EPICHLOROHYDRIN
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PB86-21706VREB
Harvard's indoor Air Pollution/Health Study
EPA, Rencarch Triangle Park, NC, HERL
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
J.D. Spengler, et al.
Jun 86, 21p, EPA-600/D-86-121, PC A02/MF A01
Abstract: An indoor air pollution/acute respiratory health study is
being conducted by researchers at the Harvard University School of
Public Health. Upper and lower respiratory symptoms of 300 children
living in Uatertown, Massachusetts, have been recorded on a daily
diary by a parent. Every two weeks the parent is called for the
i11ness/we11 ness history. At the end of the month the calendar is
returned by mail. Families participated in the survey from the time
of induction (after September 1, 1984) to August 31, 1985:
Coincident with the symptom survey, indoor air pollution measurements
are made in each home and in the elementary schools of the
participating student.
CL-IAP INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
82 EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
829 SCHOOLS & EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, NEC
8299 SCHOOLS & EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, NEC
88 PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS
881 PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS
8811 PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS
PB86-219193/REB
Proceedings of an Engineering Foundation Conference on Management
of Atmospheres in Tightly Enclosed Spaces Held at Santa Barbara.
California on October 17-21, 1983
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Amer. Soc. of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engrs.
J.E. Janssen
Jul 86, 139p, EPA-600/9-86-020, PC A07/MF A01
Abstract: The proceedings document presentations made at the
Engineering Foundation Conference, held in Santa Barbara, CA, October
1983, to assess the state of knowledge about management of
atmospheres in tightly enclosed spaces and to discuss the newer
methods for mitigating indoor pollutants. Specific objectives of the
conference were the assessment of the state of knowledge for
consideration in the revision of ASHRAE Standard 62-1981 and
providing background information for both DOE and EPA in planning
their programs for improving indoor air quality.
CL-IAP INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
10043-92-2 RADON
50-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
88 PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS
881 PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS
8811 PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS
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PB87-110904/REB
Assessment of the Carcinogenicity of Dicofol (Kelthane (Trade Name)),
DDT, DDE, and ODD (TDE)
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
J.W. Holder
Feb 86, 85p, EPA-600/6-86-001, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The carcinogenic activity of the pesticides dicofol and
associated pesticide compounds DDT, DDE, and ODD are reviewed. All of
these compounds exhibit carcinogenic activity in surrogate test
animals. DDT is judged on the bases of these biotests, positive
mutagenicity in vivo, two-stage chemical carcinogenesis tests, and the
lack of relevant epidemiological tests to be probably carcinogenic to
man. Dicofol, DDT, DDE, ODD animal test data, when analyzed by the
linearized multistage model for tow-dose extrapolation, show similar
cancer potencies: q*1 = 0.44, 0.34, 0.34, 0.25, respectively,/
(mg/kg/day). Such similarity in cancer potency values suggests that
either a common carcinogenic metabolite is generated from these
compounds, or each compound has intrinsic carcinogenic activity and
need not be metabolized to any other compound in order to cause
cancer.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
TT TOXICITY TESTING
115-32-2 DICOFOL
50-29-3 DDT
53-19-0 DDD.O.P'-
72-54-8 RHOTHANE
72-55-9 DDE.P.P'-
PB87-201513/REB
Research Overview: Sources of Indoor Air Pollutants
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
U.G. Tucker
Jun 87, 14p, EPA-600/D-87-207, PC A02/MF AOi
Abstract: The paper briefly traces the history of air quality
problems in residential, office, and public access buildings to show
the evolution of indoor air quality (IAQ) concerns. It then briefly
discusses sources of IAQ problems--both known and suspected--then
reviews the current state of knowledge of emissions from these
sources. It summarizes recent and current research in Federal and
private-sector organizations. Combustion sources, material source
(e.g., building materials and consumer products), activity sources
(e.g., outdoor air soil gas, and contaminated groundwater) are
used as categories to describe the complex problems being researched.
The paper concludes with suggestions to building design, construction,
and management professionals regarding potential IAQ problems from
sources of greatest potential concern in today's residential,
office, and public access buildings.
CL-IAP INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
PB87-235586/REB
Health Advisories for Legionella and 7 Inorganics (Including Barium,
Cadmium, Chromium, Cyanide, Mercury, Nickel, and Nitrate/Nitrite
EPA, Washington, DC, OOU
Mar 87, 126p, PC A07/MF A01
Abstract: The document summarizes the health effects of Legionella
and seven inorganics including: barium, cadmium, chromium, cyanide,
mercury, nickel and nitrate/nitrite. Topics discussed include:
general information and properties, pharmacokinetics, health effects
in humans and animals, quantification of toxicological effects, other
criteria guidance and standards, analytical methods, and treatment
technologies.
CL-1 MORGAN INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CL-NITRATE NITRATES
CL-NITRITE NITRITES
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
57-12-5 CYANIDE
7439-97-6 MERCURY
7440-02-0 NICKEL
7440-39-3 BARIUM
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
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PB88-196019/REB
Reference Physiological Parameters in Pharmacokinetic Modeling
EPA, Washington. DC, OHEA
Oak Ridge National Lab
A. D. Arms, and C. C. Travis
Feb 88, 112p, EPA-600/6-88-004, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The document presents a compilation of measured values for
physiological parameters used in pharmacokinetic modeling. The
physiological parameters include body weight, tissue volume, cardiac
output distribution, and respiration parameters. Reference values for
use in risk assessment are given for each of the physiological para-
meters based on analyses of valid measurements obtained from the
literature and other reliable sources. The proposed reference values
are for generic mice and rats without regard to sex or strain.
Reference values for humans are without regard to age or sex.
Differences between the sexes in mice, rats, and humans are accounted
for by scaling the reference parameters within species on the basis
of body weight. Reference physiological parameters are for a 0.025 kg
mouse, 0.25 kg rat, and a 70 kg man.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
PB88-202734/AS
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse (NATICH) Database
Users Guide for Data Entry and Editing
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
S.A. Smith
Feb 88, 90p, EPA-4505-88-001, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse (NATICH)
data base is a computerized data base which contains indexed informa-
tion on toxic and potentially toxic air pollutants. The NATICH data
base has been established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, to support State and
local programs in the control of non-criteria air pollutants. The
data base is intended to facilitate information exchange among State
and local agencies and between EPA and State and local agencies and to
minimize duplication of effort. The NATICH data base contains two
major categories of data: (1) data collected from State and local air
pollution control agencies on their air toxics activities, and
(2) citations arid abstracts to published documents and ongoing
research related to toxic air pollutants from EPA and other agencies
and organizations.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RDG REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT GUIDANCE
PB88-220363/REB
Carcinogen Risk Assessment of Chromium Compounds
EPA, Washington, DC, CAG
H. J. Gibb, C. W. Chen, and C. B. Hiremath
Jun 88, 50p, EPA-600/D-88-129, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: Hexavalent chromium has been identified as a human
carcinogen. Evidence to support this contention derives from
epidemiologic, animal, and genotoxicity studies. Although workers
exposed to both trivalent and hexavalent chromium have been shown to
be at an excess risk of respiratory cancer, only hexavalent chromium
has been shown to be carcinogenic in animals. Both hexavalent and
trivalent chromium have been shown to be mutagenic, but the evidence
for hexavalent chromium is somewhat stronger than that for trivatent
chromium. The quantitative estimation of the cancer risk due to
hexavalent chromium in the ambient air is calculated on the basis of
lung cancer mortality data for chromate production workers. The
lifetime respiratory cancer risk due to 1 microgram/cu m of hexavalent
chromium in the ambient air is estimated to be 1.2x.002 on the
basis of Mancuso's data and 9.4x.003 on the basis of the Braver
et al. data.
CL-CARCIN CARCINOGENS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
10 METAL MINING
106 FERROALLOY ORES, EXCEPT VANADIUM
1061 FERROALLOY ORES, EXCEPT VANADIUM
18540-29-9 CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
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PB88-231204/REB
Cancer Risk-Specific Dose Estimate for 2,3,7,8-TCDD
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
Jun 88, 72p, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: The draft report focuses on the hazard identification and
dose-response assessment for the potential human careinogenicity of
the chemical. The objective of the report is to determine if EPA's
1985 cancer risk assessment for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
should be modified in light of recent data, alternative risk assess-
ment methods, or alternative interpretations of data on the chemical.
The draft report concludes that (1) the 1985 assessment that
associates a 0.006 pk/kg/day dose with a plausible upper bound
increased cancer risk of one in a million (10 to the -6 power) should
be reconsidered, and (2) a change to a 0.1 pg/kg/day dose as a
plausible upper bound associated with an increased lifetime risk of
one in a million is consistent with the available data and theories,
and represents a reasonable science policy for the Agency. Also,
Appendices A through F to the document contain important background
information on a broad range of issues related to 2,3,7,8-TCDD.
CL-CARCIN CARCINOGENS
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
1746-01-6 TETRACHLOROOIBENZO-P-DIOXIN.2.3,7,8-
PB88-231949/REB
Summary Review of the Health Effects Associated with Sodium
Hydroxide: Health Issue Assessment
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
f. M. Martin
Jun 88, 43p, EPA-600/8-88-081, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is produced in large quantities in
the United States and the aerosol may be released into the atmosphere.
Inhalation of aerosolized NaOH can cause damage to the upper respira-
tory tract and to the lungs. Rats exposed to a 40% NaOH aerosol in a
chronic study showed bronchial ulceration and necrosis. At 20%,
bronchi were dilated and the epithelium was desquamated. Irritation
may occur at air concentrations below 2 mg/cu m. NaOH was shown to be
not genotoxic by the Ames reversion test and ONA-repair test. NaOH
was found to be not teratogenic in mice. NaOH was classified as
Class D as to careinogenicity.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
1310-73-2 SODIUM HYDROXIDE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2812 ALKALIES AND CHLORINE
PB88-245527/REB
Review of a Health Assessment Document for Beryllium
EPA, Washington, DC, SAB
Apr 87, 9p, SAB/EHC-87-028, PC A02/MF A01
Abstract: The Metals Subcommittee agrees with the conclusions
reached in the draft document concerning the evidence of carcino-
genicity using epidemiological and animal data. The Subcommittee was
unable to research a consensus on advising the Agency on the use of
existing data to estimate an upper bound to human risk. In addition,
the Subcommittee continues to disagree with the Agency's choice of a
model for the pharmacokinetics of inhaled beryllium particulates.
These and other issues are detailed in the report.
CL-CARCIN CARCINOGENS
CL-METAL METALLIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
10 METAL MINING
109 MISCELLANEOUS METAL ORES
1099 METAL ORES, NEC
7440-41-7 BERYLLIUM
PB88-252994/XAB
Current Intelligence Bulletin 50--Carcinogenic Effects of Exposure
to Diesel Exhaust
NIOSH
Aug 88, 41p, PC A03/MF A01
NIOSH 88-116, Unavail NIOSH
Abstract: The bulletin presents recent information on the potential
carcinogenicity of diesel exhaust. Included are discussions of recent
animal studies that confirm the relationship between cancer and
exposure to whole diesel exhaust. Also discussed is epidemiological
evidence that associates lung cancer with occupational exposure to
diesel engine emissions. On the basis of the results of these
studies, NIOSH recommends that whole diesel exhaust be regarded as a
potential occupational carcinogen in conformance with the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) cancer policy (29 CFR 1900).
CL-CARCIN CARCINOGENS
CL-DIESEL DIESEL FUEL EMISSIONS
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
ES EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP. SAFETY AND HEALTH
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PB89-104277/REB
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: Case Studies In Risk
Communication
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
Jun 88, 48p, EPA-450/5-88-003, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report documents the risk communication experience of
three agencies. Case studies are presented describing the experience
of the Puget Sound (Washington) Air Pollution Control Agency and
the San Diego County (California) Air Pollution Control District in
communicating the results of source-specific cancer risk
assessments. Routine risk communication practices, rather than
a specific case study, are presented for Maryland's Department of the
Environment. The report is intended to be most useful to State and
Local agencies just beginning to do quantitative cancer risk
assessments, and seeking to benefit from the risk communication
experience of others.
CL-CARCIN CARCINOGENS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
PB89-104822/REB
Health Assessment Document for Trichloroethylene.
Addendum
EPA, Washington, DC, SAB
Mar 88, 9p, SAB/EHC-88/012, PC A02/MF A01
July 1987 Draft
Abstract: The Halogenated Organic Subcommittee's major concern with
the Addendum is that thre relatively moderate tumor responses and the
uncertainties regarding most of the assumed endpoints are not
adequately presented. The committee concluded that the
trichloroethylene has the potential to cause cancer in humans, but
its potency is low.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
PB39-116715/KLB
Determination of Atmospheric Dilution for Emergency Preparedness: A
Joint EPA-DOE (Environmental Protection Agency-Department of Energy)
Technical Workshop Held on October 15-17, 1986
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ASRL
Research and Evaluation Associates, Inc.
S.E. Rogers
Oct 88, 257p, EPA-600/9-88-019, PC A12/MF A01
Abstract: The report gives results of a study of air pollution area
sources and their emissions, their importance as emitters of volatile
organic compounds, and sources for which better emission estimation
methodologies are needed. Area sources in general and area source
solvent categories were prioritized based on annual and seasonal
emissions and EPA Regional emission dependencies (i.e., certain
categories, such as forest wildfires, were identified as categories in
which activity occurs significantly more in one Region that in others
and therefore show regional emission dependencies). Factors affecting
the variability of each area source category were also identified.
Inventory assumptions and seasonal/regional factors were documented
and discussed.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
ER EMERGENCY RESPONSE
PB89-120984
Control Technology Assessment of Enzyme Fermentation Processes
NIOSH
Feb 88, 81p, PC A05/MF A01
NIOSH 88-114, Avail NIOSH
Abstract: This assessment is intended to identify and document
effective controls applicable to workers who may be exposed to
potentially hazardous microorganisms, biologically active products
or intermediates, and processing chemicals. This evaluation
establishes a baseline of information on the equipment and related
occupational safety and health programs and practices used in enzyme
fermentation processes.
CL-BACT BACTERIA
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP. SAFETY AND HEALTH
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PB89-124622/XAB
Control Technology Center Current Status and Future Plans
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
S.L. Nolen
Oct 88, 37p, EPA-600/9-88-022, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report gives the current status of and future plans for
EPA's Control Technology Center (CTC). Initially established to
help reduce public exposure to toxic air pollutants in the ambient
air, the CTC's program has been expanded to also include emission
source and control technology assessments associated with air toxics,
participate matter, oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, and volatile
organic compounds (VOC's), as well as emission measurements.
CL-PH PARTICIPATE MATTER
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
PB89-125041/REB
Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures of
Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and -Dibenzofurans (CDDs
and CDFs)
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
J.S. Bellin, and D.G. Barnes
Mar 87. 59p, EPA-625/3-87-012, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: As part of its effort to address risks posed by
chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and chlorinated dibenzofurans (CDDs and
CDFs) in the environment, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) has adopted an interim procedure, based on dioxin toxicity
equivalence factors (TEFs), for estimating the hazard and
dose-response of complex mixtures containing CDDs and CDFs in addition
to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The TEF procedure,
and the scientific data upon which it is based, are the subject of the
report. The document describes the recommended interim procedure for
generating the TCDD equivalence of complex mixtures of CDDs and CDFs,
based on congener or homologue-specific data, and for using such
information in assessing risk.
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-FURAN FURANS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
PB89-134340/REB
Workbook of Screening Techniques for Assessing Impacts of Toxic Air
Pollutants
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
TRC Environmental Consultants, Inc.
J.S. Touma
Sep 88, 199p, EPA-450/4-88-009, PC A09/MF A01
Abstract: The workbook provides a logical approach to the selection
of appropriate screening techniques for estimating ambient
concentrations due to various toxic/hazardous pollutant releases.
Methods used in the workbook apply to situations where a release can
be fairly well defined, a condition typically associated with
non-accidental toxic releases. The format of the workbook is built
around a series of scenarios considered typical and representative of
the means by which toxic chemicals become airborne. For each
scenario, the workbook helps the user identify applicable release
scenarios and determine release and emission rates and then guides the
user through all the steps required for making atmospheric dispersion
estimates. An example application of the emission and associated
dispersion estimation methods for each release scenario is provided.
DM
EPA
DISPERSION MODELING
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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PB89-148589/REB
Evaluation of the Flux Chamber Method for Measuring Volatile Organic
Emissions from surface Impoundments
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AREAL
Research Triangle Inst.
A.R. Gholson, J.R. Albritton, and R.K.M. Jayanty
Jan 89, 80p, EPA-600/3-89-008, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The research deals with the validation of the flux chamber
method for measuring volatile organic emissions from liquid surfaces
in treatment, storage and disposal facilities (TSDF). A simulated
surface impoundment was constructed so that method precision and
accuracy could be determined under controlled conditions.
Operational parameters studied included sweep flow rate, sampling
time, sweep flow position and chamber depth in the liquid.
Environmental factors included wind velocity, solar intensity,
emission rate, and chemical composition. Field testing was performed
at two TSOFs, a wastewater treatment facility at a chemical plant, and
a waste stabilization facility. The results showed that good
precision can be obtained under a variety of conditions, but that
the method suffers from a negative bias that varies with the
compound under analysis.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB89-151534/REB
Sampling and Analysis of Butadiene at a Synthetic Rubber Plant
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AREAL
Entropy Environmentalists, Inc.
J.D. Goodrich, W.G. DeUees, and R.R. Segal I
Jan 89, 54p, EPA-600/3-89-004, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: Butadiene emission samples were collected from the process
vent stream of a plant manufacturing synthetic rubber from styrene and
butadiene. On-site analysis of samples was performed using a gas
chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. The
precision of butadiene concentrations was determined from
simultaneous samples collected at a nominal sampling rate of 0.050
L/min, rather than at the recommended sampling rate of 0.5 L/min.
In addition, simultaneous samples were collected at both 0.20 L/min
and 0.050 L/min and analyzed to determine if the mean values or
precisions of the measured concentrations were influenced by the
sampling rate. Acceptable precision was observed at both sampling
rates, and the mean values and precisions of butadiene levels
determined were statistically equal for simultaneous samples.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
106-99-0 BUTADIENE,1,3-
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2822 SYNTHETIC RUBBER
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PB89-152276/REB
Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission
Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Topcoat Operations
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
D. Salman
Dec 88, 119p, EPA-450/3-88-018, PC A06/HF A01
Abstract: The protocl determines the daily VOC emission rate
(pounds of VOC per gallon of coating solids deposited) for a complete
automobile and light-duty truck topcoat operation. The protocol is
designed for use in cases where (1) the topcoat emission limit is
stated in units of pounds of VOC per gallon of solids deposited,
(2) compliance is to be demonstrated for each day, and (3) the
entire topcoat operation (i.e., all spray booths, flash-off areas and
bake ovens where topcoat is applied, dried, and cured; except final
off-line repair) is treated as a single entity.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
37 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
371 MOTOR VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT
3711 MOTOR VEHICLES AND CAR BODIES
3713 TRUCK AND BUS BODIES
PB89-152409/REB
Procedures for the Preparation of Emission Inventories for Precursors
of Ozone. Volume 1 (Third Edition)
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Alliance Technologies Corp.
S.L. Kersteter
Dec 88, 246p, EPA-450/4-88-021, PC A11/MF A01
Abstract: Procedures are described for compiling emission inventories
of precursors of ozone (volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides
and carbon monoxide) for use in less data-intensive models such as
the Empirical Kinetic Modeling Approach (EKMA). Such inventories are
required for submission of ozone State Implementation Plans (SIP's)
for those areas required to revise their plans after December 31,
1987. The basic inventory elements - planning, data collection,
emission inventory estimates, and reporting - are discussed. Various
examples are included to aid the agency in the understanding and
use of the document.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
10028-15-6 OZONE
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
PB89-155063/REB
Prevention Reference Manual: Control Technologies. Volume 2.
Post-Release Mitigation Measures for Controlling Accidental Releases
of Air Toxics
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Radian Corp.
D.S. Davis, et al.
Jan 89, 215p, EPA-600/8-87-039B, PC A10/MF A01
Abstract: The report covers post-release mitigation measures to
control accidental releases of air toxics. This can be accomplished
by a variety of mitigation measures that can contain, capture,
destroy, divert, or disperse the released chemical. Mitigation
measures begin with the initial siting and layout of a facility to
decrease the area that would be affected by a release. The extent of
the area potentially affected, the concentrations of toxic chemicals
reaching those areas, and the duration of exposure can be estimated
by vapor or gas dispersion modeling. The extent and magnitude of
an actual release can be determined using meteorological instruments.
Other measures involve the use of various mitigation techniques. The
general application costs of these methods are discussed.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
ER EMERGENCY RESPONSE
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PB89-155246/REB
Precision and Accuracy Assessments for State and Local Air Monitoring
Networks, 1987
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AREAL
J.C. Suggs
Feb 89, 156p, EPA-600/3-89-015, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: Precision and accuracy data obtained from State and local
agencies during 1987 are analyzed. Pooled site variances and
average biases which are relevant quantities to both precision and
accuracy determinations are statistically compared within and
between States to assess the overall effectiveness and consistency in
the application of various quality assurance programs. Individual
site results are evaluated for consistent precision and accuracy data
as the result of effectively administered quality assurance programs
are identified. This information is intended as a guide for
identifying problem areas, for taking corrective action from the
standpoint of improving the effectiveness of quality assurance
programs, and for providing more knowledgeable decisions concerning
attainment status with regards to ambient air quality standards. An
approach to deal with accuracy data for individual sites is presented,
and an alternative sampling design for generating precision and
accuracy data is discussed.
AH AMBIENT MONITORING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB89-158737/REB
Controlling Air Toxics (CAT), Version 1.0 (for Microcomputers).
Software
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
S.L. Nolen, and G. Shareef
Aug 88, 2 diskettes, EPA-SU/DK-89-021, CP 099
Abstract: The software is contained on 5 1/4-inch diskettes, double
density (360K), compilable with the IBM PC XT/AT microcomputer. The
permit applications. The permit reviewer can input information on the
diskettes are in the ASCII format. Price includes documentation,
PB89-158745. Controlling Air Toxics (CAT) is an interactive and
user-friendly software package to assist in the review of air emission
permit applications. The permit reviewer can input information on
the air emission stream characteristics as well as other information
in the permit application. The program provides guidance on which
control devices may be appropriate and allows the reviewer to select
a specific pollutant/control device combination for evaluation. The
program then calculates design parameters and estimates costs for each
control device selected. The results can be compared against the
permit applicant's actual or proposed design. A report generator is
also included in the program...Software Description: The program is
written in C for implementation on IBM-PC, XT/AT compatible equipment,
using DOS 2.0 or higher operating system. It requires 640K of memory.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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PB89-158745/REB
Controlling Air Toxics (CAT), Version 1.0. Tutorial Manual
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Radian Corp.
G.S. Shareef, et al.
Aug 88. 71p, EPA-600/8-88-092A, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: The manual gives instructions for using Controlling Air
Toxics (CAT). The primary objective of this interactive and user-
friendly software package is to assist in the review of air emission
permit applications. The engineering software is based on the EPA
document. Control Technologies for Hazardous Air Pollutants, EPA/
625/6-86/014, September 1986. The software is written for the IBM
PC using the Microsoft V3.0 C compiler and windows for Data Library
V1.0 for screen and keyboard interaction. The permit reviewer can
input information on the air emission stream characteristics as well
as other information in the permit application. The program provides
guidance on which control devices may be appropriate and allows the
reviewer to select a specific pollutant/control device combination for
evaluation. The control devices included in the program are thermal
and catalytic incinerators, flares, carbon adsorbers, absorbers,
condensers, fabric filters, and venturi scrubbers. The program then
calculates design parameters and estimates costs for each control
device selected. The results can be compared against the permit
applicant's actual or proposed design.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB89-161863/REB
Evaluation of HCl Continuous Emission Monitors
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AREAL
Entropy Environmentalists, Inc.
S.A. Shanklin, J.R. Jernigan, and S.C. Steinsberger
Mar 89, 113p, EPA-600/3-89-019, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents the findings obtained from the field
evaluation of commercially available HCl monitoring equipment at a
municipal waste-fired boiler which was not equipped with HCl emission
control equipment. The analyzers were operated continuously during a
two-month test period. The measurement techniques employed by the HCl
monitors evaluated were IR gas filter correlation, specific ion
electrode, wet chemical colorimetric, dry reaction colorimetric, and
gas membrane galvanic cell. Except for the gas membrane galvanic cell
monitor, the HCl monitoring equipment produced effluent measurements
that were in good agreement with concurrent reference measurements.
The results comparing the continuous emission monitor data to the wet-
chemistry measurement data do not indicate biases for any of the
monitor measurement techniques because of analytical interferences
present in the effluent of this municipal refuse-fired boiler. Also,
both in-stack dilution systems and the nondilution, heat-traced
sampling system were found to reliably provide representative
effluent samples to the analyzers.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7647-01-0 HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
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PB89-161962/REB
Development and Validation of a Test Method for Acrylonitrile
Emissions
EPA. Research Triangle Park, NC, AREAL
Research Triangle Inst.
J.N. Fulcher et al.
Mar 89, 51p, EPA-600/3-89-022, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: Acrylonitrile (AN) has been identified as a suspected
carcinogen and may be regulated in the future as a hazardous air
pollutant under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act. A method was
validated that utilizes a midget impinger containing methanol for
trapping AN vapors followed by a charcoal tube for detecting any AN
lost from the impinger. The analysis was performed by capillary
gas chromatography with a nitrogen selective detector. The accuracy
of the method was determined to be 100 + or - 4.6% from 11 tests
performed in the laboratory covering the range of 10.6 to 1038 ppm
AN and 0 to 40% moisture. The overall precision was 3.3%. Field
testing of the method was conducted at two different sites.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
107-13-1 ACRYLONITRILE
PB89-164321/REB
Risk Assessment Methodology for Hazardous Waste Management
EPA, Washington, DC, OPPE
Midwest Research Inst.
E.U. Lawless
Sep 88, 325p, EPA-230/2-89-041, PC A14/MF A01
Abstract: Presents a methodology for assessing and comparing the
risks to human health and the environment of hazardous waste
management alternatives, based on a critique of available technical
and science policy literature. Methodology is oriented toward
site-specific assessments of alternative treatment, storage and
disposal facilities. It is designed to be modular, with 7 steps:
(1) hazard characterization, (2) environmental transport and fate
analysis, (3) exposure prediction, (4) health and environmental
effects analysis, (5) estimation of adverse impacts for exposed
individuals and populations, (6) uncertainty analysis, and (7)
comparison of results across hazardous waste management alternatives.
Careful aggregation of uncertainties is described. An extensive
bibliography is given.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB89-165922/XAB
Evaluation of Asbestos Levels in Two Schools Before and After Asbestos
Removal
EPA, Cincinnati, OH, RREL
PEI Associates, Inc.
M.A. Karaffa, J. Chesson and J. Russel
Mar 89, 35p, EPA-600/2-89-010, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents a statistical evaluation of
airborne asbestos data collected at two schools before and after
removal of asbestos-containing material (ACM). Although the
monitoring data are not totally consistent with new Asbestos Hazard
Emergency Response Act (AHERA) requirements and recent EPA
guidelines, the study evaluates these historical data by standard
statistical methods to determine if abated work areas meet proposed
clearance criteria. The objectives of this statistical analysis
were to compare (1) airborne asbestos levels indoors after
removal with levels outdoors, (2) airborne asbestos levels before
and (3) static sampling and aggressive
The results of this evaluation
indicated the following: The effect of asbestos removal on indoor
air quality is unpredictable; the variability in fiber concentrations
among different sampling sites within the same building indicates the
need to treat different sites as separate areas for the purpose of
clearance; and aggressive sampling is appropriate for clearance
testing because it captures more entrainable asbestos structures.
Agressive sampling lowers the chance of declaring a work site clean
when entrainable asbestos is still present.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
1332-21-4 ASBESTOS
and after removal of asbestos,
sampling of airborne asbestos.
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PB89-169858/REB
Annular Denuder Sampler for Phase-Distributed Semivolatile Organic
Chemicals
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AREAL
Battelle Columbus Div.
R.U. Coutant, P.J. Callahan, and J.C. Chuang
Mar 89, 109p, EPA-600/3-89-029, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: A compact compound annular denuder, with a removal
efficiency for volatile polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) of
at least 90% at flow rates of up to 200 L/min, was designed for use
with the PS-1 sampler. Laboratory tests of this denuder showed no
detectable (<10%) removal of ambient particular matter larger than
0.1 micrometer mean diameter at flow rates of 100-200 L/min. The
vapor collection efficiency, as measured with naphthalene, was
better than 95%, and the capacity for removal of approximately 180
micrograms of naphthalene was better than 90%. The field experiments
consisted of three series: (1) outdoors during the winter; (2)
indoors within a laboratory; and (3) outdoors during the summer. In
these experiments a denuder difference approach was followed to
monitor the phase distributions of 18 PAH. The results in general
are consistent with previous work and extend the overall body of
information on the phase distributions of PAH and their tendencies
for artifact formation as a result of volatilization during sampling.
Phase distributions for PAH were shown to be well represented by the
Dubrinin-Radushkevich isotherm under both summer and winter
conditions.
AH AMBIENT MONITORING
CL-PAH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
CL-PM PARTICIPATE MATTER
CL-SVOC SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
91-20-3 NAPHTHALENE
PB89-170203/REB
MOBILE4 Emission Factor Model: Source Code (One Version Mixed Case,
One Version Upper Case), Input Files for Example Runs, and High
Altitude Area I/M Credits
EPA, Ann Arbor, MI, ECTD
T.P. Newell, and R. Parsons
Mar 89, mag tape, EPA-SU/MT-89-029, CP T99
Abstract: Source tape is in the EBCDIC character set. This
restricts preparation to 9 track, one-half inch tape only. Identify
recording mode by specifying density only. For price at 6250 bpi
density, call NTIS Computer Products. Price includes documentation,
PB89-16271. MOBILE 4 is a computer program that calculates
emission factors for hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and
oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from highway motor vehicles. MOBILE4
calculates emission factors for eight individual vehicles types, in
two regions of the country (low- and high-altitude). The emission
factors depend on various conditions such as ambient temperature,
fuel volatility, speed, and mileage accrual rates. MOBILES will
estimate emission factors for any calendar year between 1960 and
2020 inclusive. The 20 most recent model years are considered in
operation in each calendar year. MOBILE4 supersedes MOBILES.
Relative to MOBILES, MOBILE4 incorporates several new options,
calculating methodologies, emission control regulations, and internal
program designs. Software Description: The model is written in the
FORTRAN programming language for use on an Amdahl 5890-18DE computer
using the MTS operating system. Minimum memory required is 920K.
CL-HCARB HYDROCARBONS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
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PB89-170211/REB
MOBILE4 Emission Factor Model: Source Code (One Version Mixed Case
One Version Upper Case), input Files for Example Runs and High-
Altitude Area I/M Credits (for Microcomputers)
EPA, Ann Arbor, MI, ECTD
T.P. Newell, and R. Parsons
Mar 89, 3 diskettes, EPA-SW/DK-89-030, CP D99
Abstract: The software is contained on 5 1/4-inch diskettes, double
density (360K), compatible with the IBM PC microcomputer. The
diskettes are in the ASCII format. Price includes documentation,
PB89-164271. MOBILE4 is a computer program that calculates emission
factors for hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of
nitrogen (NOx) from highway motor vehicles. MOBILE4 calculates
emission factors for eight individual vehicle types in two regions of
the country (low- and high-altitude). The emission factors depend
on various conditions such as ambient temperature, fuel volatility
speed, and mileage accrual rates. MOBILE4 will estimate emission '
factors for any calendar year between 1960 and 2020 inclusive. The
20 most recent model years are considered in operation in each
calendar year. MOBILE* supersedes MOBILES. Relative MOBILES,
MOBILE4 incorporates several new options, calculating methodologies,
emission control regulations, and internal program designs. Software
Description: The software is written in the FORTRAN language for use
on an IBM PC or compatible machines using MS-DOS operating system
It requires a minimum of 920K of memory.
CL-HCARB HYDROCARBONS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
PB89-180053/REB
Air/Superfund National Technical Guidance Study Series V«lu~- '
Estimation of Baseline Air Emission at Superfund Sites'
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
Jan 89, 246p, EPA-450/1-89-002, PC A11/MF A01
Abstract: The volume is one in a series of manuals prepared for EPA
to assist its Remedial Project Managers in the assessment of the air
contaminant pathway and developing input data for risk assessment
The manual (Volume II) provides guidance on developing baseline
emission estimates from hazardous waste sites. Baseline emission
estimates (BEEs) are defined as emission rates estimated for a site in
its undisturbed state. Specifically the manual is intended to:
Present a protocol for selecting the appropriate level of effort to
characterize baseline air emissions; Assist site managers in
designing an approach for BEEs; Describe useful technologies for
developing site-specific baseline emission estimates (BEEs); Help
site managers select the appropriate technologies for generating
site-specific BEEs.
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB89-180061XREB
Air/Superfund National Technical Guidance Study Series, Volume 3.
Estimation of Air Emissions from Cleanup Activities at Superfund Sites
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
Jan 89, 249p, EPA-450/1-89-003, PC A11/MF A01
Abstract: The manual was developed concurrently with three related
manuals that also address air issues arising from hazardous waste
sites. The overall goal of the program is to develop guidelines for
predicting and/or measuring air emissions during remedial activities
For the preliminary version of the manual, the objectives were to:
Present a protocol for estimating air emissions from remedial
activities at NPL sites; Identify existing data gaps or limitations in
the protocol; Provide guidance for collecting data to estimate or
confirm air emissions. Field studies are scheduled to address one of
the data gaps that has been identified. A revised version of the
manual will be published subsequent to the research.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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PB89-184709/REB
National Air Pollutant Emission Estimates, 1940-1987.
EPA. Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Mar 89, 83p, EPA-450/4-88-022. PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents estimates of trends in nationwide air
pollutant emissions for six major pollutants: sulfur oxides,
particulate matter with PH/TSP as the indicator pollutant, carbon
monoxide, reactive volative organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, and
lead. Estimates are provided for major categories of air pollution
sources. A short analysis of emission trends is given, along with a
discussion of methods used to develop the data.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
7446-11-9 SULFUR TRIOXIDE
PB89-194229/REB
Estimating Air Toxics Emissions from Coal and Oil Combustion Sources
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
G. Brooks
Apr 89, 448p, EPA-450/2-89-001, PC A19/MF A01
Abstract: To assist groups interested in inventorying air emissions
of potentially toxic substances, EPA is preparing a series of
documents that compiles available information on sources and
emissions of toxic substances. The document deals specifically with
methods to estimate air toxics emissions from coal and oil
combustion sources. Its intended audience includes Federal, State
and local air pollution personnel and others interested in making
estimates of toxic air pollutants emitted from coal and oil
combustion sources.
PB89-194237/REB
Second Review of New Source Performance Standards for Coal
Preparation Plants
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Feb 88, 77p, EPA-450/3-88-001, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The new source performance standards (NSPS) for coal
preparation plants (Subpart Y of 40 CFR Part 60) were reviewed by the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the second time. The
industry and other government agencies were contacted to obtain data.
The review found that the use of coal dryers and pneumatic coal
cleaning equipment is declining, and that no new technology exists
for these facilities. Technology exists for more stringent control
than required by the NSPS for sources of fugitive emissions from coal
transfer, handling, and storage facilities because of recent
application of high efficiency control equipment for particulate
emissions.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
12 COAL MINING
122 BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING
1221 BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE-SURFACE
123 ANTHRACITE MINING
1231 ANTHRACITE MINING
CL-METAL METALLIC COMPOUNDS
CL-PAH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
491 ELECTRIC SERVICES
4911 ELECTRIC SERVICES
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
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PB89-194286/REB
Oil Field Emissions of Volatile Organic Confounds
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Tulsa Dept. of City Development
R.S. Visuanath, and J.H. Van Sandt
Apr 89. 74p, EPA-450/2-89-007, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents data that determines the composition of
volatile organic compound emissions from oil production field in Tulsa
County. Oklahoma. Five points in the crude oil production process
were samples: well heads, gathering tanks, oilfield pipeline tanks,
pipeline terminal tanks, and refinery crude oil storage tanks. The
samples were collected in Summa polished stainless steel canisters
and analyzed by a gas chromatograph with dual flame ionization
detectors. The analytical technique looked for ninety specific
compounds; thirty were detected and are reported. In general the
compounds in greatest abundance were ethane, propane, n-butane,
2-methyl butane, and n-pentane. The data developed under the study
are for the composition of the volatile organic compounds; volatile
oganic compound emission rates were not determined.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
106-97-8 BUTANE
109-66-0 PENTANE
13 OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
138 OIL AND GAS FIELD SERVICES
1381 DRILLING OIL AND GAS WELLS
1389 OIL AND GAS FIELD SERVICES, NEC
46 PIPELINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS
461 PIPELINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS
4612 CRUDE PETROLEUM PIPELINES
74-84-0 ETHANE
74-98-6 PROPANE
78-78-4 METHYL BUTANE
PB89-195226/REB
Locating and Estimating Air Toxics Emissions from Municipal Waste
Combustors
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
E.P. Epner, and M.A. Vancil
Apr 89. 92p, EPA-450/2-89-006, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The document is intended to assist groups interested in
inventorying air emissions of various potentially toxic substances
from municipal waste combustors. Its intended audience includes
Federal, State and local air pollution personnel. The document
presents information on the process description of the various types
of municipal waste combustors and their air pollution control
equipment. Emission factors are presented for each major type of
municipal combustor for the following: acid gases including hydrogen
chloride, hydrogen fluoride, and sulfur trioxide; metals including
arsenics, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, mercury and nickel; and
organics including chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans.
polychlorinated biphenyis, formaldehyde, benzo(a)pyrene, chlorinated
benzene, and chlorinated phenol.
CL-CHC CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-FURAN FURANS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
106-48-9 CHLOROPHENOL.P-
108-43-0 CHLOROPHENOL.M-
108-90-7 MONOCHLOROBENZENE
118-74-1 HEXACHLOROBENZENE
12002-48-1 TRICHLOROBENZENE
132-64-9 DIBENZOFURAN
1336-36-3 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
25321-22-6 BENZENE, DICHLORO
262-12-4 DIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
^9 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
50-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
50-32-8 BENZO(A)PYRENE
608-93-5 PENTACHLOROBENZENE
7439-97-6 MERCURY
7440-02-0 NICKEL
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
7440-41-7 BERYLLIUM
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
7446-11-9 SULFUR TRIOXIDE
7647-01-0 HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
7664-39-3 HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
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PB89-195Z26/REB (continued)
87-86-5 PENTACHLOROPHENOL
95-57-8 CHLOROPHENOL.O-
PB89-196422/REB
Communicating Radon Risk Effectively: Radon Testing in Maryland
EPA. Washington, DC, OPA
Research Triangle Inst.
W. H. Desvousges, V.K. Smith, and H.H. Rink
Oct 88. 158p, EPA-230/3-89-(K8, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: Two sets of materials and corresponding delivery strategies
for communicating radon risk were evaluated and compared with a
"no-special-treatment" strategy in a comparison community. One
community received radio public service announcements and utility bill
inserts. The second received these plus posters, local government
sponsorship of a radon awareness week, and local slide presentations.
The most intensive efforts (multiple channels, multiple hits) were
more effective than the less intensive effort, which had little
impact compared with no special treatment. From a marketing
perspective, the effort was very successful, increasing the share of
homeowners who tested for radon from 5X to 15X. This may not be
viewed as sufficiently effective from a public health perspective,
however.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
10043-92-2 RADON
PB89-196828/REB
Effects of Burn Rate, Wood Species, Moisture Content and Weight of
Wood Loaded on Woodstove Emissions
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Research Triangle Inst.
K.E. Leese, and S.M. Harkins
May 89, 400p, EPA-600/2-89-025, PC A17/MF A01
Abstract: The report gives results of tests of four woodstove
operating parameters (burn rate, wood moisture, wood load, and
wood species) at two levels each using a half factorial experimental
test design to determine statistically significant effects on the
emission components CO, C02, particulate matter, total extractable
organics (TEO's), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's), C1-C7
hydrocarbons, metals, and the Ames plate incorporation bioassay
mutagenic potential. Results showed that increasing burn rate lowered
CO, particulate matter, TEO and C1-C7 hydrocarbon emission rates.
Increasing burn rate raised emission rates of individual PAH's and
several metals, and also the mutagenic potential of the emissions.
All of these effects were significant at the 90% or better confidence
interval, reducing wood moisture increased the particulate emission
factor, while concentrations of several PAH's in the stack gas were
lowered. Changing from pine to oak increased K emissions at the 90%
confidence interval.
CL-HCARB HYDROCARBONS
CL-METAL METALLIC COMPOUNDS
CL-ORGANIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CL-PAH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
CL-UOOO WOOD SMOKE
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
124-38-9 CARBON DIOXIDE
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
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PB89-197222/REB
Assessing Multiple Pollutant, Multiple Source Cancer Risks from Urban
Air Toxics: Summary of Approaches and Insights from Completed and
Ongoing Urban Air Toxics Assessment Studies
EPA. Research Triangle Park, NC, OAOPS
D. Sullivan, T. Lahre, and M. Alford
Apr 89, 261p, EPA-450/2-89-010, PC A12/MF A01
Abstract: The primary purpose of the report is to assist State,
local and other agency personnel by describing methods that have
been used in assessing multiple source, multiple pollutant risks
from air toxics exposures in urban areas. The report does not
constitute formal EPA guidance for conducting an urban risk
assessment, nor does it recommend a single approach. Instead, it
identifies techniques that others have elected to employ and offers
insights that may assist the reader in selecting a particular set of
techniques for use in a given locale. Major topics covered include
(Da summary of completed and ongoing urban air toxics assessment
studies, (2) ambient monitoring assessment approaches, (3) emission
inventory/dispersion modeling assessment approaches, (4) aspects of
exposure and risk assessment, (5) control stategy evaluation, <6) data
handling, and (7) evolving assessment technologies, including
receptor modeling, personal monitoring and bioassay sampling.
AM
CT
DM
EA
EF
EPA
RA
SA
AMBIENT MONITORING
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DISPERSION MODELING
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
EMISSION FACTOR
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RISK ASSESSMENT
SOURCE ASSESSMENT
PS89-203673/RE8
Overview of the Regulatory Baseline, Technical Basis, and Alternative
Control Levels for Sulfur Dioxide (S02) Emission Standards for Small
Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
May 89, 42p, EPA-450/3-89-012. PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report provides a summary of the technical data used in
developing proposed new source performance standards (NSPS) for
small industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating units
(small boilers). The report focuses on sulfur dioxide (S02) emissions
from boilers firing coal and oil with heat input capacities of
100 million Btu/hour or less. Conclusions are drawn from the data
regarding the performance of technologies available to reduce S02
emissions. Alternative control levels are then chosen based on the
conclusions drawn from the data.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
PB89-203681/REB
Model Boiler Cost Analysis for Controlling Sulfur Dioxide (S02)
Emissions from Small Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
May 89, 26p, EPA-450/3-89-014, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents estimates of the cost and cost
effectiveness associated with controlling sulfur dioxide emissions
from small coal-and oil-fired industrial-commercial-institutional
steam generating units (small boilers). The report was prepared
during development of proposed new source performance standards for
small boilers (boilers with heat input capacities of 100 million
Btu/hour or less).
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
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PB89-203699/REB
Overview of the Regulatory Baseline, Technical Basis, and Alternative
Control Levels for Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Emission Standards for Small
Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
May 89, 48P, EPA-450/3-89-013, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report provides a summary of the technical data used
in developing proposed new source performance standards (NSPS) for
small industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating units
(small boilers). The report focuses on nitrogen oxides (NOx)
emissions from boilers firing coal, oil, and gas with heat input
capacities of 100 million Btu/hour or less. Conclusions are drawn
from the data regarding the performance of technologies available to
reduce NOx emissions. Alternative control levels are then chosen
based on the conclusions drawn from the data.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
PB89-203707/REB
Model Boiler Cost Analysis for Controlling Nitrogen Oxides (NOX)
Emissions from Small Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
May 89, 40p, EPA-450/3-89-016
Abstract: The report presents estimates of the cost and cost
effectiveness associated with controlling nitrogen oxides (NOx)
emissions from small coal-, oil-, and gas-fired industrial-
commercial-institutional steam generating units (small boilers). The
report was prepared during development of proposed new source
performance standards (NSPS) for small boilers (boilers with heat
input capacities of 100 million Btu/hour or less).
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
PB89-203715/REB
Overview of the Regulatory Baseline, Technical Basis, and Alternative
Control Levels for Particulate Matter (PM) Emission Standards for
Small Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
May 89, 38p, EPA-450/3-89-011, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report provides a summary of the technical data used
in developing proposed new source performance standards for small
industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating units (small
boilers). The report focuses on particutate matter (PM) emissions
from boilers firing coal, oil, and wood with heat input capacities of
100 million Btu/hour or less. Conclusions ara drawn from the data
regarding the performance of technologies available to reduce PM
emissions. Alternative control levels are then chosen based on the
conclusion drawn from the data.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
PB89-203723/REB
Model Boiler Cost Analysis for Controlling Particulate Matter (PM)
Emissions from Small Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, OAQPS
May 89, 74p, EPA-450/3-89-015, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents estimates of the cost and cost
effectiveness associated with controlling particulate matter emissions
from small coal-oil-, oil-, and wood-fired industrial-commercial-
institutional steam generating units (small boilers). The report was
prepared during development of proposed new source performance
standards for small boilers (boilers with heat input capacities of 100
million Btu/hour or less).
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
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PB89-203731/REB
Projected impacts of Alternative New Source Performance Standards for
Small Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Fossil Fuel-Fired Boilers
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
May 89, 151p, EPA-450/3-89-017, PC A08/HF A01
Abstract: The report presents projected national environmental cost
and energy impacts of alternative sulfur dioxide (S02) and particulate
matter (PM) air emission standards for new small industrial-
commercial- institutional steam generating units (small boilers) firing
coal, oil, and natural gas. The analysis examines projected impacts
in the fifth year following proposal of the standards. The report was
prepared during development of proposed new source performance
standards (NSPS) for small boilers.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
PB89-203749/REB
Projected Impacts of Alternative Particulate Matter New Source
Performance Standards for Industrial-Comnercial-Institutional
Nonfossil Fuel-Fired Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
May 89, 20p, EPA-450/3-89-018, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents projected national environmental, cost,
and energy impacts of alternative particulate matter air emission
standards for new small industrial-commercial-institutional steam
generating units (small boilers) firing wood. The analysis examines
projected impacts in the fifth year following proposal of the
standards. The report was prepared during development of proposed
new source performance standards for small boilers.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
PB89-207021/REB
Statistical Comparison of Results of Two Indoor Air Pilot Studies
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AREAL
Battelle Columbus Div.
G.A. Mack, J.W. Stockrahm, and J.C. Chuang
Jun 89, 146p, EPA-600/3-89-055, PC A07/MF A01
Abstract: The objective of the study was to compare the results
between two previous indoor air PAH monitoring studies conducted by
EPA in 1984 and 1987. Both of the previous studies were pilot
studies involving ambient and indoor air monitoring at a small number
of residences in Columbus, Ohio. The objectives of these studies
were to characterize the ranges of selected PAH and nitrogen
heterocyclic compounds in the indoor air and to evaluate contributions
of various indoor combustion sources to the indoor PAH concentration
levels. The current study compared the results between the 1984
and 1987 studies, and where the results were consistent, the data
from the two studies were combined to produce more precise
statistical estimates of concentration level ranges and estimates of
the contributions of different indoor combustion sources to indoor
PAH levels.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
CL-IAP INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS
CL-PAH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
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PB89-207161/REB
Analysis of Air Toxics Emissions, Exposures, Cancer Risks and
Controllability in Five Urban Areas. Volume 1. Base Year Analysis
and Results
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
J. Wilson, et al.
Jul 89. 88p, EPA-450/2-89-012A. PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The report is the first phase of a study to define the
multiple source, multiple pollutant nature of the urban air toxics
problem (also known as urban soup) and to discern what control
measures (or combinations of measures) can best be employed to
mitigate the urban air toxics problem. The report documents the base
year analysis, involving dispersion modeling of emissions data for
25 carcinogenic air toxics in five U.S. urban areas and a subsequent
exposure/risk assessment to estimate aggregate cancer incidence.
Aggregate (multi-source, multi-pollutant) cancer incidence (or
population risk) across the 5 cities in this study averaged about 6
excess cases per million persons, ranging from about 2 to 10 in
individual cities. The most important pollutants contributing to
aggregate incidence are polycycllc organic matter, 1,3-butadiene,
formaldehyde and hexavalent chromium. The most important sources
are road vehicles, comfort and industrial cooling towers, chrome
platers, solvent use and fuel combustion, including woodstoves.
CL-CARCIN CARCINOGENS
CL-POM POLYCYCLIC ORGANIC MATTER
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
106-99-0 BUTADIENE,1.3-
18540-29-9 CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
347 METAL SERVICES, NEC
3471 PLATING AND POLISHING
50-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
PB89-207203/REB
Compilation and Special ion of National Emissions Factors for
Consumer/Commercial Solvent Use. Information Compiled to Support
Urban Air Toxics Assessment Studies
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Apr 89, 209p, EPA-450/2-89-008, PC A10/MF A01
Abstract: The report describes the methods used to prepare the
volatile organic compound (VOC) species profiles for consumer and
commercial products, and outlines measures to be used by state and
local agencies to estimate consumer product-related VOC emission
in their jurisdictions.
CL-SOLVENT SOLVENTS
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB89-207922/REB
Control Technology Assessment Report for Air Emissions from Uastewater
Treatment Operations
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, CTC
S. Harkins, and A.S. Damie
Apr 89, 35p, EPA-450/3-89-008, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: Air emissions from the wastewater treatment operations at
a chemical manufacturing plant were investigated at the request of a
State air pollution control agency. The report presents information
on existing emission controls and options for additional controls,
with associated costs.
CL-ORGAN 1C ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CL-SOLVENT SOLVENTS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
49 . ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
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PB89-215651/XAB
Extent of Exposure Assessment in Industries Using Ethylene Glycol
Ethers
NIOSH
Apr 89. 49p, NIOSH-IWS-134-20-19
Abstract: A study was conducted to determine the extent of
occupational exposure to 2-methoxyethanot (109-86-4) (2-ME),
2-ethoxyethanol (110-80-5) (2-EE), and their respective acetates,
2-methoxyethyt-acetate (110-49-6) (2-MEA) and 2-ethoxyethyl-acetate
(111-15-9) (2-EEA), and to assess the feasibility of additional health
studies of workers exposed to glycol ethers. Inhalation exposures
were quantified in a number of industries including a glycol ether
production facility, three paint applicators, an aircraft fuel
distributor, a coating formulator, an ink applicator, and two
electronic parts manufacturers. Less than half of the 151 samples
collected at eight survey sites had detectable levels of glycol ethers
ranging from 0.04 to 2.77 parts per million (pptn) for long term
samples and 0.21 to 11.9 ppm for short term samples. In most cases,
engineering controls were adequate at these facilities to keep the
exposures well within the current exposure guidelines. A problem in
the analysis was noted in the adequate separation of the compounds
under study from other organic solvents which caused interference.
Limiting factors for future epidemiological studies included the
compounding chemical exposures, a declining trend in the use of
glycol ethers, and the low potential for inhalation exposure.
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUR. SAFETY AND HEALTH
109-86-4 METHOXYETHANOL.2-
110-49-6 ETHYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER ACETATE
110-80-5 ETHOXYETHANOL.2-
111-15-9 ETHOXYETHYLACETATE.2-
17 SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
172 PAINTING AND PAPER HANGING
1721 PAINTING AND PAPER HANGING
27 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
275 COMMERCIAL PRINTING
2752 COMMERCIAL PRINTING, LITHOGRAPHIC
2754 COMMERCIAL PRINTING, GRAVURE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
285 PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
2851 PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
36 ELECTRONIC & OTHER ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
367 ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES
3674 SEMICONDUCTORS AND RELATED DEVICES
51 WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
517 PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
5172 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, NEC
PB89-216360/REB
Ultrasonic Cleaning of Rotogravure Cylinders
EPA, Research Triangel Park, NC, CTC
Radian Corp.
K.W. Bar-nett, and C.E. Most
Jun 89, 38p, EPA-450/3-89-024, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report summarizes available information on the use of
ultrasonic techniques (in an aqueous solution) for cleaning cylinders
used in rotogravure printing processes. Ultrasonic cleaning has the
potential to reduce organic solvent use, volatile organic compound
emissions, and solvent waste generation. The report briefly reviews
the ultrasonic cleaning process, describes the rotogravure printing
process and the potential application of aqueous ultrasonic cleanings
for cylinders, reviews potential benefits and costs, and discusses the
potential for application to other graphic arts processes.
CL-ORGAN 1C ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CL-SOLVENT SOLVENTS
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
27 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
271 NEWSPAPERS
2711 NEWSPAPERS
272 PERIODICALS
2721 PERIODICALS
273 BOOKS
2731 BOOK PUBLISHING
2732 BOOK PRINTING
274 MISCELLANEOUS PUBLISHING
2741 MISCELLANEOUS PUBLISHING
275 COMMERCIAL PRINTING
2754 COMMERCIAL PRINTING, GRAVURE
35 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
355 SPECIAL INDUSTRY MACHINERY
3555 PRINTING TRADES MACHINERY
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PB89-219968/REB
Potential Technologies for Collection and Destruction of CFCs
(Chlorofluorocarbons), Halons, and Related Compounds
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Radian Corp.
K.E. Hummel, and T.P. Nelson
Jul 89, 98p, EPA-600/2-89-037, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The report gives recommendations of a multidisciplinary
panel of experts on new or novel technologies (or modifications of
existing technologies) which show the most promise for the collection
and destruction of chlorofluorocarbons and related compounds. Panel
members meet in a "roundtable" format to discuss their experiences
and relate them to the compounds of interest. The panel identified
technologies holding the most promise and suggested general areas of
research and development needed to develop collection and destruction
technologies.
CL-CFC CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS
CL-CHC CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-HALOHE HALOMETHANES
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1336-36-3 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
PB89-220602/REB
Workshop Report on EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Guidelines
for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. Held in Virginia Beach, Virginia on
January 11-13, 1989.
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
W.H. Farland, and R. Hill
Mar 89, lOp, EPA-625/3-89-015, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: On September 24, 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) issued guidelines for assessing human risk from exposure
to environmental carcinogens. Since that time, new information in
several areas of carcinogen risk assessment has led to continued
EPA review and assessment of the guidelines. As part of the review,
on January 11-13, 1989 EPA conducted a workshop at which experts in
carcinogen risk assessment examined the scientific foundation for two
aspects of the guidelines. Some workshop participants studied
qualitative issues bearing on the classification of chemicals as
potential human carcinogens; others focused on quantitative questions
regarding extrapolation from test animal data to human populations.
The workshop report highlights the major scientific issues discussed
at the meeting. The report includes remarks by opening session
speakers, EPA's pre-meeting statement of issues, summary statements
for major workshop discussions, reference lists and a list of
workshop, rather than standard scientific papers.
CL-CARCIN
EPA
CARCINOGENS
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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PB89-221329/REB
Evaluation and Estimation of Potential Carcinogenic Risks of
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
M.M.L. Chu, and C.W. Chen
Jan 85, 34p. EPA-600/D-89-049, PC A03/HF A01
Abstract: The evaluation and estimation of the potential risk of
human exposures to a hazardous substance requires the analysis of all
relevant data to answer two questions: does the agent cause the
effect and what is the relationship between dose (exposure) and
incidence of the effect in humans. For polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAH), carcinogenicity is the effect of concern. Three
types of evidence can be used to evaluate the likelihood that a PAH
is carcinogenic to humans. They are epideroiologic evidence
experimental evidence derived from long-term animal biossays
supportive or suggestive evidence from short-term tests, metabolism
pharmacokmetics and structure-activity correlations. Mathematical'
modeling can be used to estimate the potential human risks. The
The approaches and the problems associated with these approaches for
estimating cancer risk to humans are addressed with special emphasis
on problems related to PAH.
CL-PAH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
PB89-224471/RE8
Source Characterization and Control Technology Assessment of
Methylene Chloride Emissions from Eastman Kodak Company
Rochester, NY r>
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Alliance Technologies Corp.
S.A. Walata, and R.M. Rehm
Jul 89, 104p, EPA-600/2-89-043, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The report gives results of an assessment of potential
control technologies for methylene chloride (also known as
dichloromethane or DCM) emission sources at Eastman Kodak Company's
Kodak Park facility in Rochester, NY. DCM is a solvent used by Kodak
in the manufacture of celluose triacetate film support. Work has
included a plant visit where major DCM emission sources were
inspected, and evaluation of current and potential control
technologies for the DCM emission sources. The report contains
information gathered during the plant visit to the Kodak Park
facility. Included are emission estimates determined by Kodak of all
emission points greater than 8000 Ib (3600 kg)/yr DCM, as well as a
description of each point observed during the visit. Also included
are results of an evaluation of control technologies that might be
applied to the major emission sources. A cost analysis of different
add-on control devices is provided for four of the uncontrolled
emission points.
CT
EPA
30
308
3081
75-09-2
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NEC
UNSUPPORTED PLASTICS FILM & SHEET
METHYLENE CHLORIDE
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PB89-224729/REB
Evaluation of Emission Sources from Creosote Wood Treatment Operations
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, CTC
Midwest Research Inst.
C.C. Vaught, and R.L. Nicholson
Jun 89. 88p, EPA-450/3-89-028. PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The document discusses each of the preservatives and the
processes used to treat a variety of wood products concentrating on
the use of creosote for the treatment of crossties. Of particular
concern are the emission sources associated with the release of odor
and air toxics and the technologies currently in use to control them.
CL-ODOR ODORS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
24 LUMBER AND UOOD PRODUCTS
249 MISCELLANEOUS WOOD PRODUCTS
2491 WOOD PRESERVING
8001-58-9 COAL TAR
8021-39-4 CREOSOTE
87-86-5 PENTACHLOROPHENOL
PB89-233498/REB
Sulfur Oxides Emissions from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit
Regenerators: Background Information for Promulgated Standards
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
J.R. Farmer
Apr 89, 157p, EPA 450/3-82-013B, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: Standards of performance to control emissions of sulfur
oxides (SOx) from new, modified, and reconstructed fluid catalytic
cracking unit regenerators are being promulgated under Section 111
of the Clean Air Act. The document contains a summary of public
comments, EPA responses, and a discussion of differences between
the proposed and promulgated standard.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
7446-11-9 SULFUR TRIOXIDE
PB89-235501/REB
Locating and Estimating Air Emissions from Sources of
Perchloroethylene and Trichloroethylene
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
C.C. Most
Aug 89, 117p, EPA-450/2-89-013, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: To assist groups interested in inventorying air emissions
of various potentially toxic substances, EPA is preparing a series of
documents to compile available information on sources and emissions of
these substances. The document deals specifically with
perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene. Its intended audience
includes Federal, State, and local air pollution personnel and others
in locating potential emitters of perchloroethylene and
trichloroethylene and in making gross estimates of
air emissions therefrom. The document presents information on the
types of sources that may emit perchloroethylene and
trichloroethylene, process variations and release points that may be
expected within these sources, and available emissions information
indicating the potential for trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene
releases into the air from each operation.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
284 SOAP, CLEANERS, AND TOILET GOODS
2842 POLISHES AND SANITATION GOODS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
72 PERSONAL SERVICES
721 LAUNDRY, CLEANING, & GARMENT SERVICES
7211 POWER LAUNDRIES, FAMILY & COMMERCIAL
7212 GARMENT PRESSING & CLEANERS' AGENTS
7213 LINEN SUPPLY
7215 COIN-OPERATED LAUNDRIES AND CLEANING
7216 DRYCLEANING PLANTS, EXCEPT RUG
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
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PB90-103243/REB
Locating and Estimating Air Emissions from Sources of Chromium.
Supplement
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Midwest Research Inst.
J. Shular, et al.
Aug 89. 52p. EPA-450/2-89-002. PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: To assist groups inventorying air emissions potentially
toxic substances, EPA is preparing a series of documents that compiles
available information on sources and emissions of toxic substances.
The document deals specifically with methods to estimate chromium
(Cr(+6)) emissions from cooling towers and electroplating operations.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
18540-29-9 CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
347 METAL SERVICES, NEC
3471 PLATING AND POLISHING
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
PB90-103268/REB
Alternative Control Technology Document: Halogenated Solvent Cleaners
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
Aug 89. 240p, EPA-450/3-89-030, PC A11/MF A01
Abstract: The document contains information on the use and control
of halogenated solvents in solvent cleaning applications. Described
are the types of solvent cleaners manufactured, sources of solvent
emissions, methods of controlling solvent emissions, and the costs
associated with installation of control devices.
CL-CHC CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB90-106451/REB
Analysis of Ambient Polar Volatile Organic Compounds Using Chemical
lonization-Ion Trap Detector
EPA, Research Triangle Park, AREAL
I IT Research Inst.
S.M. Gordon, and M. Miller
May 89, 37p, EPA-600/3-89-070, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The current approach to measuring trace levels of volatile
organic compounds (VOC's) in ambient air requires cryogenic trapping
of the analytes, followed by thermal desorption and low-temperature
refocusing onto a column for analysis by capillary gas chromatography/
mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The approach has been successfully
applied to nonpolar VOC's, but its use for more polar species has been
complicated by the problems associated with the ambient water vapor
collected with the VOC's. A promising technique for measuring polar
VOC's is chemical ionization GC/MS (GC/CI-MS) in the quadrupole ion
trap. The approach allows whole air samples to be taken since the
water present in the air is used as the CI reagent gas. Water CI
leads to appreciable intensities for the proton transfer agent H30+,
which produces intense pseudomolecular ions and class-specific
fragmentation patterns for various low molecular weight polar
compounds. Standard mixtures of polar species at low concentrations
in humidified zero air were analyzed without a membrane dryer, using
a cryogen'c trap and CI-GC/MS with the ion trap detector in the full
scan model.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
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PB90-108523/REB
Benzene Emissions from Coke By-Product Recovery Plants, Benzene
Storage Vessels, Equipment Leaks and Ethylbenzene/Styrene Process
Vents: Background Information and Responses to Technical Comments
for 1989, Final Decisions
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Aug 89. 190p, EPA-450/3-89-031, PC A09/MF A01
Abstract: Final decisions have been made on regulation of benzene
emissions from existing and new coke by-product recovery plants,
benzene storage vessels, equipment leaks, and ethylbenzene/styrene
process vents. These decisions implement Section 112 of the Clean Air
Act and are based on the Administrator's determination of June 8, 1977
(42 FR 29332) that benzene presents a significant risk to human health
as a result of air emissions from one or more stationary source
categories, and is therefore a hazardous air pollutant. The document
contains a summary of the comments on the proposal of these standards
in the Federal Register (53 FR 28496), the Environmental Protection
Agency's response to these comments, and a summary of the health,
environmental and economic impacts of the final standards.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
100-41-4 ETHYL BENZENE
100-42-5 STYRENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
331 BLAST FURNACE AND BASIC STEEL PRODUCTS
3312 BLAST FURNACES AND STEEL MILLS
71-43-2 BENZENE
PB90-110115/REB
Reranking of Area Sources in Light of Seasonal/Regional Emission
Factors and State/Local Needs
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Alliance Technologies Corp.
S.L. Kersteter
Aug 89, 115p, EPA-600/7-89-008, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The report gives results of a study of air pollution area
sources and their emissions, their importance as emitters of volatile
organic compounds, and sources for which better emission estimation
methodologies are needed. Area sources in general and area source
solvent categories were prioritized based on annual and seasonal
emissions and EPA Regional emission dependencies (i.e., certain
categories, such as forest wildfires, were identified as categories
in which activity occurs significantly more in one region than in
others and therefore show regional emission dependencies). Factors
affecting the variability of each area source category were also
identified. Inventory assumptions and seasonal/regional factors were
documented and discussed.
CL-SOLVENT SOLVENTS
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
PB90-113374/REB
Air/Superfund National Technical Guidance Study Series. Volume 1.
Application of Air Pathway Analyses for Superfund Activities.
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
NUS Corp.
R. Stoner
Jul 89, 118p, EPA-450/1-89-001, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The report is one in a series of manuals dealing with air
pathway analysis at hazardous waste sites. The document was
developed for the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards in
cooperation with the Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
(Superfund). The document is an interim final manual offering
technical guidance for use by a diverse audience including EPA Air
and Superfund Regional and Headquarters staff. State Air and Superfund
program staff. Federal and State remedial and removal contractors.
and potentially responsible parties in analyzing air pathways at
hazardous waste sites. The manual provides for flexibility in
tailoring the air pathway analysis to the specific conditions of each
site.
DM
EPA
DISPERSION MODELING
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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PB90-113382/REB
Air/Superfund National Technical Guidance Study Series. Volume 4.
Procedures for Dispersion Modeling and Air Monitoring for Superfund
Air Pathway Analysis
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
NUS Corp.
A. Roffman, and R. Stoner
Jul 89, 309p, EPA-450/1 -89-004, PC A14/MF A01
Abstract: The report is one in a series of manuals dealing with air
pathway analysis at hazardous waste sites. The document was
developed for the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards in
cooperation with the Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
(Superfund). The document is an interim final manual offering
technical guidance for use by a diverse audience including EPA Air
and Superfund Regional and Headquarters staff. State Air and
Superfund program staff, Federal and State remedial and removal
contractors, and potentially responsible parties in analyzing air
pathways at hazardous waste sites. The manual provides for
flexibility in tailoring the air pathway analysis is to the specific
conditions of each site, the relative risk posed by this and other
pathways, and the program resource contraints.
AM
DM
EPA
AMBIENT MONITORING
DISPERSION MODELING
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB90-11.6948/REB
Summary Review of Health Effects Associated with Ammonia. Health
Issue Assessment
EPA, Research Triangle Park. NC, ECAO
Dynamac Corp.
Jun 89, 62p, EPA-600/8-89-052F, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: Ammonia is a colorless gas with a repellent odor. It is a
naturally occurring compound in the environment; however, it is also
released into the environment from ammonia production facilities and
during the manufacture and use of ammonia-containing products. It is
a central compound in the environmental cycling of nitrogen and is
involved in major processes such as mineralization, nitrification,
and nitrogen fixation. Ammonia is a key metabolite in mammals
and plays an essential role in acid-base regulation and biosynthesis
of purines, pyrimidines, and nonessential amino acids. However,
ammonia is a toxic gas and in experimental animals, effects from
acute exposure to ammonia gas have ranged from mild irritation of the
respiratory system and mucous membranes to convulsions, acute
pulmonary edema, coma, and death. Continuous or repeated exposure of
animals to sublethal concentrations of ammonia gas has produced
adverse effects on the respiratory tract, liver, kidneys, and spleen.
Quantitative data on the toxic effects of ammonia in humans is
limited. Accidental exposure of humans to unspecified concentrations
of ammonia has resulted in burns of the eyes, skin, and respiratory
tract and in death.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
7664-41-7 AMMONIA
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PB90-116955/REB
Technologies for CFC (Chlorofluorocarbons)/Halon Destruction
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Radian Corp.
J.C. Dicker-man et al.
Oct 89, 75p. EPA-600/7-89-011, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents an overview of the current status
of possible technologies used to destroy chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
and halons, chemicals implicated in the destruction of the
stratospheric ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol, an international
treaty to control the production and consumption of these chemicals,
allows countries to increase production by the volume of CFCs or
halons destroyed, if the destruction technology has been approved by
the Parties to the Protocol. The Parties have neither yet approved
nor considered possible destruction technologies. The document is the
first step in the United States' review of such technologies, and will
serve as the basis for additional work in this area. Key findings
address the ability of the various technologies to effectively destroy
CFCs; the environmental consequences of such destruction; the ability
of current emission monitoring systems to verify that the CFCs have
indeed been destroyed; the impacts of current regulations on CFC
destruction; and the existence of any significant data gaps, along
with recommendations of future required work to resolve any
unanswered issues resulting from the data gaps.
CL-CFC CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS
CL-CHC CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB90-120106/REB
Evaluation of Emission Control Options at Leeds Architectural Products
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, CTC
Engineering Science
J.N. Bolstad
Sep 89, 79p, EPA-450/3-89-001, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Control
Technology Center evaluated feasible alternatives to control emissions
of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from a specialty aluminum
coating facility in CT. The facility desired to increase its use of
high VOC content liquid polyvinylidene fluoride (PVF) Kynar(R)
coatings. The report examines several options for emission control
by incineration of spray booth and bake oven exhaust gases. The
report also discusses the development of Kynar(R) powder coatings,
other PVF powder coatings and triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC)
polyester powder coatings with performance characteristics similar to
liquid Kynar(R) coatings.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
347 METAL SERVICES, NEC
3479 METAL COATING AND ALLIED SERVICES
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PB90-126004/REB
Characterization of Emissions from the Simulated Open Burning of
Scrap Tires
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Acurex Corp.
J.V. Ryan
Oct 89, 69p, EPA-600/2-89-054. PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: The report gives results of a small-scale combustion
study, designed to collect, identify, and quantify products emitted
during the simulated open burning of scrap tires. Fixed combustion
gas, volatile and semi volatile organic, particulate, and airborne
metals data were collected under two burn conditions that varied by
size of tire material. Burn rates, varied by material size, were
used to estimate potential emissions of identified products. Total
estimated emissions of semi volatile organics ranged from 10 to
50 g/kg of tire material burned. Monoaromatic and polyaromatic
hydrocarbons were the predominant emission products identified. The
presence of benzo(a)pyrene (BAP) in particulate extracts is of
particulate concern because it is a known carcinogen. The presence of
zinc in gaseous particulate collection was also verified and
quantified. Several trends were evaluated relating emission products
to burn rates.
CL-METAL METALLIC COMPOUNDS
CL-PAH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
CL-SVOC SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
50-32-8 BENZO(A)PYRENE
7440-66-6 ZINC
PB90-127341/REB
Powder Coatings Technology Update
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, CTC
C.I. Hester, R.L. Nicholson, and M.A. Cassidy
Sep 89, 88p, EPA-450/3-89-033, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The objective of the report is to provide an overview of
the current status of powder coating technology. Because powder
coatings are applied as dry, finely divided particles, there are no
volatile organic compounds (VOC's) released during application, and
only minute quantities are released during the curing process.
Therefore, the increased use of powder coatings, as an alternative
to liquid solvent-based coatings, represents a significant reduction
in emissions of VOC's. The report describes current powder coating
materials and equipment, end uses, and economic advantages of the use
of powder coatings. Included in the report are discussions of the
disadvantages and potential problems identified early in the powder
coating development process. The report addresses the resolutions
of many of these problems. The report is intended to be of use to
State and local agencies in their evaluation of powder coatings as
an alternative to coatings containing VOC's.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
347 METAL SERVICES, NEC
3479 METAL COATING AND ALLIED SERVICES
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PB90-129404/XAB
Comments of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH) on the Environmental Protection Agency's Notice of Proposed
Rule Revision, Including Disposal of Asbestos Containing Materials
Removed from Schools. 40 CFR Parts 61 and 763, Docket No. A-88-28
NIOSH
Mar 89, 6p, PC A02/MF A01
Abstract: The comments concerned the proposal of the EPA to revise
rules pertaining to the disposal of asbestos containing materials
(ACM) from schools and the monitoring of asbestos particles in the
air. In the first issue, the monitoring of emissions from asbestos
milling, manufacturing and fabricating, the EPA revisions suggested
a visual inspection be made for a period of 15 seconds per day. NIOSH
called for a more objective means of monitoring rather than using
subjective visual observations. NIOSH suggested direct reading
instruments such as continuous particulate monitors which are light
scattering instruments. The second issue concerned the disposal of
ACM such as packing, gaskets, asphalt roofing and vinyl tiles in
good condition. The suggested revision stated that such material
need not be removed before demolition if it cannot become friable
during demolition. NIOSH commented that asbestos roofing and floor
tiles, although in good condition prior to removal operations, emitted
fibers on aging and when mechanical forces were applied. NIOSH
studies made during removal operations have indicated that personal
and area samples exceeded both NIOSH's Recommended Exposure Level and
the OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit. NIOSH urged that all such
materials be considered friable under any type of demolition attempt.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RDG REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT GUIDANCE
1332-21-4 ASBESTOS
82 EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
821 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS
8211 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS
PB90-130469/XAB
Survey of Indoor Air Quality Diagnostic and Mitigation Firms
EPA, Washington, DC, OAR
ICF-Lewin Energy
Nov 89, 332p, EPA-400/1-89-004. PC A15/MF A02
Abstract: The document reports on a survey conducted by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to help assess the capacity
of the private sector to provide services related to the diagnoses and
mitigation of indoor air quality problems in residential buildings,
public buildings, commercial buildings, and other non-industrial
environments. Questionnaires were mailed to approximately 700 firms
who EPA thought were potentially offering such services. The body
of the report provides a brief summary of the survey findings. In the
appendices, the report provides a copy of the questionnaire, lists the
firms alphabetically and by State and city, provides addresses
and telephone numbers, summarizes the answers to the questionnaire,
and provides brief guidance for those seeking the services of such
firms. EPA did not attempt to verify the accuracy of the responses
received.
CT
EPA
IA
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
INDOOR AIR
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PB90-130683/REB
integrated Quantitative Cancer Risk Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
C.U. Chen, and C.J. Chen
Feb 89, 24p, EPA-600/D-89-193, PC A03/HF A01
Abstract: The paper attempts to make an integrated risk assessment
of arsenic, using data on humans exposed to arsenic,
via inhalation and ingestion. The data useful for making
an integrated analysis and data gaps are discussed.
Arsenic provides a rare opportunity to compare the cancer risk to
humans due to exposure to a metal carcinogen via inhalation and
ingestion. The study's assessment suggests that the elevated lung
cancer mortality observed in the population of the blackfoot disease
endemic areas is consistent with that observed in copper smelter
workers who, presumably, were exposed to arsenic via inhalation. It
is also speculated, on the basis of overall information on arsenic,
that smelter workers could have an elevated cancer mortality in sites
other than the lung, contrary to the usual assumption that lung
tissue is the only target tissue for cancer when exposure is via
inhalation.
EPA
RA
33
333
3331
334
3341
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RISK ASSESSMENT
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS
PRIMARY COPPER
SECONDARY NONFERROUS METALS
SECONDARY NONFERROUS METALS
PB90-131434/REB
Alternative Control Technology Document Ethylene Oxide Sterlization/
Fumigation Operations
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Midwest Research Inst.
Mar 89, 100p, EPA-450/3-89-07, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: The report presents technical information that State and
local agencies can use to develop strategies for reducing VOC
(i.e., EO) emissions for sterlization/fumigation facilities. The
information in the document will allow planners to identify
available control alternatives and evaluate the VOC reduction and
cost of implementing controls. The document provides information on
sterlization/fumigation processes, EO (Ethylene Oxide) emissions, and
emission reductions, and cost associated with the application of
control units. Section 2.0 presents a summary of the findings of the
study. Section 3.0 provides a description of sterlization/fumigation
facility operations and emission sources. Section 4.0 provides a
description of alternative control techniques for the reduction of
ethylene oxide emissions. Section 5.0 presents a cost analysis that
includes a methodology for computing annualized equipment and
operating costs. A list of contacts at various Federal agencies who
are knowledgeable about sterlization/fumigation processes is
presented in Appendix A.
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
75-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
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PB90-141243/XAB
Radon Risks: Attitudes, Precept ions and Actions. Risk Communication
Ser i es
EPA, Washington, DC, OPPE
Stockholm School of Economics
L. Sjoeberg
Aug 89, 106p, EPA-230/4-89-049, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: As many as 8 million homes in the United States may have
elevated radon levels, with accompanying lung cancer risks several
orders of magnitude higher than for most other environmental risks.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) does not have clear
regulatory authority over radon, so has relied on an information
program. Less than 5% of homes have been tested, which is
disappointing from a public health stance. The report summarizes the
available research on communicating about the risk from radon from
the perspective of a psychologist. The research results are critiqued
to draw practical conclusions for radon policy and suggest the most
important topics for further risk communication research.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
10043-92-2 RADON
PB90-141292/XAB
Communicating Effectively About Risk Magnitudes. Phase 1
EPA, Washington, DC, OPPE
Rutgers - The State Univ.
N.D. Ueinstein, P.M. Sandman and N.E. Roberts
Sep 89, 117p, EPA-230/8-89-064, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The research tests seven alternative ways of communicating
about the magnitude of risks and the changes in risk that cna be
achieved by an individual's mitigating actions. The technique uses
4-page information leaflets, accompained by self-administered mail
questionnaires. Two example risks, radon and asbestos, were used to
give a context to the expression of risk magnitudes. All formats
yielded expected perceptions about the relative risk of readings for
that hazard. However, people with the same size readings for
asbestos as those receiving radon readings reacted by saying the
asbestos risk at that level has about the same degree of seriousness
as reported by those receiving the corresponding radon reading. This
occurred even though a given radon reading is associated with a risk
25 times larger than the same reading for asbestos. Based on the
reports, the authors provide tentative recommendations for
communicating about environmental risks.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
10043-92-2 RADON
1332-21-4 ASBESTOS
PB90-142571
Current Intelligence Bulletin 51--Carcinogenic Effects of Exposure to
Propylene Oxide
NIOSH
Jul 89, 19p, PC A03/MF A01
NIOSH 89-111, Avail NIOSH
Abstract: Recent studies of the chronic effects of this chemical
in animals have produced evidence that cancer is associated with
exposure to propylene oxide. This bulletin describes the results of
those animal studies, presents the known human health effects of
propylene oxide, and suggests guidelines for minimizing occupational
exposures.
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
niOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP. SAFETY AND HEALTH
75-56-9 PROPYLENE OXIDE
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PB90-142589
Current Intelligence Bulletin 52--Ethylene Oxide Sterlizers in Health
Care Facilities
NIOSH
Jul 89, 20p, PC A03/MF A01
NIOSH 89-115, Avail NIOSH
Abstract: This bulletin identifies potential sources of ethylene
oxide exposure from gas sterilizers in health care facilities and
describes control methods recommended by NIOSH. Included are
specific control methods such as the use of engineering controls,
good work practices, and personal protective equipment.
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP. SAFETY AND HEALTH
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
75-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
80 HEALTH SERVICES
806 HOSPITALS
8062 GENERAL MEDICAL & SURGICAL HOSPITALS
8069 SPECIALTY HOSPITALS EXC. PSYCHIATRIC
PB90-142753/XAB
Review and Evaluation of Area Source Dispersion Algorithms for
I Emission Sources at Superfund Sites
(j, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
~J J.S. Touma
Nov 89, 124p, EPA-450/4-89-020, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The report examines air quality dispersion modeling
algorithms and related technical issues associated with estimating
ambient concentrations from area sources at Superfund sites. The
report describes the area source emission characteristics associated
with Superfund sites and provides a review of existing, available
techniques for modeling area sources. It also describes the results
of applying five short-term and three long-term area source models
to a number of example applications and one field data base in order
to compare the magnitude of concentration predictions and test
whether concentration estimates are consistent with mathematical and
physical principles. The report provides conclusions and
recomnendat i ons.
CL-HAZUAST HAZARDOUS WASTES
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB90-145723/XAB
Interim Methods for Development of Inhalation Reference Doses
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ECAO
A.M. Jarabek, et al.
Aug 89, 216p, EPA-600/8-88-066F. PC A10/MF A02
Abstract: The document describes a methodology for the derivation
of Inhalation Reference Doses (RfDis). An RfDi is defined as an
estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude)
of a continuous lifetime inhalation exposure to the human population
(including sensitive subpopulations) that is likely to be without
appreciable risk of adverse noncancer health effects. A detailed
discussion of factors that determine inhaled dose, including
respiratory anatomy and physiology and the physiochemical properties
of the inhaled pollutants, is provided. Discussions of these areas
include currently available information on interspecies variability.
Issues related to the evaluation of study design and the generation
and characterization of inhalation exposures are also discussed.
Guidance on use of human data, choice of toxicity studies,
application of uncertainty factors and the minimum data criteria for
RfDi development is also provided.
EA
EPA
RA
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RISK ASSESSMENT
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PB90-145756/XAB
Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures to
Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans (CDOs
and CDFs) and 1989 Update
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
J.S. Bel I in and D.G. Barnes
Mar 89. 98p, EPA-625/3-89-016. PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: In 1987, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
formally adopted an interim toxicity equivalency factor (TEF)
procedure (see PB89-125041), which has been used in addressing a
variety of situations of environmental contamination involving CDDs
and COFs. The method, published as "Interim Procedures for
Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated
Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs)," is republished
as Part I of the document. Since the 1987 report was published, the
EPA has been active in an international project aimed at adopting
a common set of TEFs, the International TEFs/89 (I-TEFs/89), to
promote consistency in addressing contamination involving CDDs and
CDFs. The "1989 Update to the Interim Procedures for Establishing
Risks Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated
Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs)" identifies EPA's
adoption of the I-TEFs/89 as a revision to the method currently in
use. The 1989 Update is Part II of the document.
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-FURAN FURANS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
132-64-9 DIBENZOFURAN
262-12-4 DIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
PB90-153867/XAB
Simulation of High Altitude Effects on Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions
EPA, Ann Arbor, MI, ECTD
Southwest Research Inst.
D.M. Human and T.L. Ullman
Sep 89, 94p, EPA-460/3-89-003, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: Exhaust emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines operating
at high altitude are of concern. EPA and Colorado Department of
Health sponsored the project to characterize regulated and selected
unregulated emissions from a naturally-aspirated Caterpillar 3208 and
a turbocharged Cummins NTC-350 diesel engine at both "low" and
simulated "high" altitude conditions (about 6000 ft). Emissions
testing was performed over cold- and hot-start transient cycles as
well as selected steady-state modes. Additionally, the turbocharged
engine was operated with mechanically variable and fixed retarded
fuel injection timing to represent "normal" and "malfunction"
conditions, respectively. High altitude operation generally reduced
NOx transient emissions of HC, CO, particulate matter, and aldehydes
measured at high altitude for the naturally-aspirated engine were
2 to 4 times the levels noted for low altitude conditions. The same
emission constituents from the turbocharged engine at high altitude
with "normal" timing were 1.2 to 2 times the low altitude levels,
but were 2 to 4 times the low altitude levels with "malfunction"
timing.
CL-ALDEHYD ALDEHYDES
CL-HCARB HYDROCARBONS
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
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VD
PB90-154840/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustors-Background Information for Proposed
Standards: Cost Procedures, Volume 1
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
Aug 89, 156p, EPA-450/3-89-27A, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: Cost Procedures for the costing of new and existing
municipal waste combustor facilities and associated equipment are
presented. Cost procedures are developed for combustors, heat
recovery equipment, humidification equipment, air pollution control
devices for the reduction of participate matter and acid gas
emissions, and continuous emission monitoring equipment. Costs in
the report are divided into capital costs, operating and maintenance
costs, and annualized costs. Costs associated with retrofitting
existing facilities are also presented.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-154857/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustors-Background Information for Proposed
Standards: 111(b) Model Plant Description and Cost Report. Volume 2
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
Aug 89, 130p, EPA-450/3-89-27B, PC A07YMF A01
Abstract: Twelve model plants are developed to represent the
projected municipal waste combustor (MUC) industry. The model
plants selected represent new MWC's expected to be constructed in the
United States between 1990 and 1994. The model plants differ with
respect to unit size and design, waste feed characteristics, heat
recovery method, and flue gas emissions. The model plants provide
a basis for estimating emission reductions, costs, and other impacts
for various control alternatives. Information is provided on capital
and operating and maintenance (O&M) costs of the model plants and
control equipment.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-154865/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustors-Background Information for Proposed
Standards: Post-Combustion Technology Performance. Volume 3
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
Sep 89, 317p, EPA-450/3-89-27C, PC A14/MF A02
Abstract: The document evaluates the performance of various air
pollution control devices applied to new and existing municipal
waste combustors (MWC's). The control devices analyzed include
electrostatic precipitators (ESP's), furnace sorbent injection
systems with ESP's, moderate- and low-temperature duct sorbent
injection systems with ESP's, or fabric filters (FF's) and spray
dryers with ESP's or FF's. The removal capabilities for each of
these control devices are evaluated for participate matter, metals
(arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and nickel), chlorinated
dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, acid gases, sulfur dioxide,
and hydrogen chloride.
CL-ACID ACIDIC COMPOUNDS
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-FURAN FURANS
CL-METAL METALLIC COMPOUNDS
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
7439-97-6 MERCURY
7440-02-0 NICKEL
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
7647-01-0 HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
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P890-154881/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustors-Background Information for Proposed
Guidelines for Existing Facilities. Volume 5
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
Aug 89, 521p, EPA-450/3-89-27E, PC A22/MF A03
Abstract: Major categories of existing municipal waste combustor
facilities are identified. Representative model plants are
identified and serve as the basis of the evaluations presented. The
technical feasibility, environmental benefits, and cost impacts of
various retrofit options are presented for each of the model plants.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-154899/XAB
Economic Impact of Air Pollutant Emission Guidelines for Existing
Municipal Waste Combustors
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Research Triangle Inst.
G.E. Morris, et al.
Aug 89, 168p, EPA-450/3-89-005, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) plans to
propose new air pollution emission guidelines for approximately 200
municipal waste combustors (MUC's) in late 1989. The regulations will
significantly affect the cost of owning and operating these MWC plants
and those plants under construction when regulations are proposed in
the Federal Register. The report uses three economic scenarios to
examine the economic impact of the five regulatory alternatives under
most active consideration by EPA.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PRA PRE-REGULATORY ASSESSMENT
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-154923/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustion Assessment: Combustion Control at New
FaciIities
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Energy and Environmental Research Corp.
P.J. Schindler
Aug 89, 70p, EPA-600/8-89-057, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: The EPA has completed an assessment of emission control
performance and costs for add-on flue gas cleaning alternatives,
and the results have been published in a technical support document
as part of the 111(b) emission standards development effort for new
municipal waste combustors (MWC's). Twelve model plants were
developed in the study to represent classes or groups of combustors
in the new MWC population that will be subject to the standards.
Baseline emission performance estimates were established for each of
the model plants. A number of add-on control alternatives were
applied to each model, and emission reproduction and cost estimates
were made for each control alternative. The report provides data and
supporting rationales used to establish the baseline emission levels
for each model plant.
CL-ACID ACIDIC COMPOUNDS
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-FURAN FURANS
CL-PAH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
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PB90-154931/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustion Assessment: Combustion Control at
Existing Facilities
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Energy and Evironmental Research Corp.
P.J. Schindler
Aug 89, 107p, EPA-600/8-89-058, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
(OAQPS) is developing emission standards and guidelines for new and
existing municipal waste combustors (MUCs) under the authority of
Sections 111(b) and 111(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA). The EPA's
Office is providing support in developing the technical basis for
good combustion practice (GCP), which is included as a regulatory
alternative in the standards and guidelines. The report provides the
supporting data and rationale used to establish baseline emission
levels for model plants that represent portions of the existing
population of MWCs. The baseline emissions were developed using the
existing MUC data base or, in cases where no data existed,
engineering judgement. The baseline emissions represent performance
levels against which the effectivenss and costs of emission control
alternatives can be evaluated. The report provides the rationale
used to estimate the emission reductions associated with each
combustion retrofit.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-154949/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustion Assessment: Technical Basis for Good
Combustion Practice
EPA, Reseach Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Energy and Environmental Research Corp.
P.J. Schindler and L.P. Nelson
Aug 89, 108p, EPA-600/8-89-063, PC A06/MF A01
Abstract: The EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
(OAQPS) is developing emission standards and guidelines for,
respectively, new and existing MWCs under the authority of Sections
111(b) and 111(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA). The EPA's Office of
Research and Development (ORD) is providing support in developing the
technical basis for good combustion practice (GCP), which is included
in the regulatory alternatives considered in selecting the proposed
standards and guidelines. The report defines GCP and summarizes the
approach used to implement GCP into the proposed MWC standards and
guidelines.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-160003/XAB
Locating and Estimating Air Emissions from Sources of 1,3-Butadiene
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
S.K. Buchanan
Dec 89, 161p, EPA-450/2-89-021, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: To assist groups interested in inventorying air emissions
of various potentially toxic substances, EPA is preparing a series of
documents to compile available information on sources and emissions
of these substances. The document deals specifically with
1,3-butadiene. Its intended audience includes Federal, State and
local air pollution personnel and others interested in locating
potential emitters of 1,3-butadiene and in making gross estimates
of air emissions therefrom. The document presents information on
the types of sources that may emit 1,3-butadiene, process variations
and release points that may be expected within these sources, and
available emissions information indicating the potential for
1,3-butadiene releases into the air from each operation.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
106-99-0 BUTADIENE.1,3-
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
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PB90-161001/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustion Assessment: Waste Co-Firing
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Energy and Environmental Research Corp.
V.J. Landrum and P.J. Schindler
Jul 89, 43p, EPA-600/8-89-060. PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report is an overview of waste co-firing and auxiliary
fuel fired technology, and identifies the extent to which co-firing
and auxiliary fuel firing are practiced. Waste co-firing is defined
as the combustion of wastes (e.g., sewage sludge, medical waste, wood
waste, and agricultural waste) in a unit designed to burn municipal
solid waste (MSW) or refuse derived fuel (RDF) as a major fraction of
total fuel input. Auxiliary fuel firing is defined as firing coal,
fuel oil, or natural gas in a municipal waste combustor under
conditions when waste feed quantities are interrupted. This is a
fairly common practice for dedicated RDF boilers, and there may be
additional mass burn MWCs that meet the definition of auxiliary fuel
firing. The report describes technologies used by facilities that
meet these definitions, characterizes the population, and discusses
design and operating practices and available emissions data from each
facility. The report concludes with a discussion of recommended good
combustion practices for waste co-firing combustors and auxiliary fuel
fired MWCs.
CL-HAZWAST HAZARDOUS WASTES
CL-SEWSLUO SEWAGE SLUDGE
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-163825/XAB
Building Systems: Room Air and Air Contaminant Distribution
NIOSH
1989, 264p, PC A12/MF A02
Abstract: Current knowledge and research needs concerning room air
and air contaminant distribution were defined, based on the results
of a working symposium. The technology for controlling air
distribution and air quality within rooms was considered to be the
single most important opportunity in the heating, ventilating, and air
conditioning industry. The most important research and development
areas identified included the need for proven mathematical models
of air motions, source emission and sink removal characteristics,
standardized measurements for room air and air contaminants, the
development of a scaling theory, methods for characterizing room air
and air contaminant conditions, and reliable sensors of indoor air
quality, humidity and air speed which are practical for building use.
Topics discussed included measurement techniques, mathematical
modeling, physical modeling, and descriptive methods. International
perspectives on measurement and predictive methods were presented.
IA INDOOR AIR
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUP. SAFETY AND HEALTH
PB90-164054/XAB
Municipal Waste Combustion Assessment: Fluidized Bed Combustion
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, AEERL
Energy and Environmental Research Corp.
L.P. Nelson
Jul 89, 49p, EPA-600/8-89-061, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report documents the results of an assessment of
fluidized bed combustors (FBCs) to minimize air emissions from
municipal waste combustors (MWCs). Objectives of the assessment were
to identify the population of existing and planned refuse fired FBC
facilities in the U. S., examine the design characteristics and
operating practices employed, define representative model plants, and
develop recommendations for implementing good combustion practices
(GCPs) for the control of organic emissions from FBCs. The report
describes the FBC configurations currently used and projected for use
in refuse firing applications. It gives operating and emissions data
for the two existing U. S. facilities and one Swedish circulating bed
plant.
CL-ORGAN 1C ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
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PB90-164807
Control Technology for Ethylene Oxide Sterilization in Hospitals
NIOSH
Sep 89, 11p, PC A09/MF A01
NIOSH 89-120, Avail NIOSH
Abstract: This study was designed to assess the relative importance
of various ethylene oxide emission sources associated with gas
sterlizers, and to determine the effectiveness of certain control
measures for limiting the exposure of health care workers to ethylene
oxide.
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
NIOSH NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUR. SAFETY AND HEALTH
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
75-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
80 HEALTH SERVICES
806 HOSPITALS
8062 GENERAL MEDICAL & SURGICAL HOSPITALS
8069 SPECIALTY HOSPITALS EXC. PSYCHIATRIC
PB90-167370/XAB
Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality. Executive Summary and
Recommendat i ons
EPA, Washington, D. C.
Aug 89, 31p, EPA-400/1-89-001A, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: This is the executive summary and recommendations for a
three-volume report that fulfills the reporting requirement of Title
IV Section 403(e) of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act
of 1986. The report contains a description of the research and
program activities in Federal agencies; a comprehensive overview of
the current level of knowledge and uncertainties associated with the
issue of indoor air quality; and an identification of the major gaps
and research needs in indoor air quality.
EPA
IA
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
INDOOR AIR
PB90-167383/XAB
Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality, Volume 1, Federal Programs
Addressing Indoor Air Quality
EPA, Washington, D. C.
Aug 89, 87 p, EPA-400/1-89-0018, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: This volume is the first in a three-volume report that
fulfills the requirement of Section 403(e) of the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) that the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) submit a report to Congress
within two years of enactment describing the activities carried out
under Title IV and making appropriate recommendations. This volume
is a description of the activities which have been conducted by
various EPA offices within the past two years to address indoor air
quality issues as well as similar descriptions from other Federal
agencies. The material reflects both those activities explicitly
mandated by Title IV as well as ongoing activities which impact indoor
air quality.
EPA
IA
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
INDOOR AIR
PB90-167388/XAB
Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality, Volume 1, Federal Programs
Addressing Indoor Air Quality
EPA, Washington, DC
Aug 89, 87p, EPA-400/1-89-001B, PC A05/MF A01
Abstract: This volume is the first in a three-volume report that
fulfills the requirement of Section 493(e) of the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) that the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) submit a report to Congress
within two years of enactment describing the activities carried out
under Title IV and making appropriate recommendations. This volume
is a description of the activities which have been conducted by
various EPA offices within the past two years to address indoor air
quality issues as well as similar descriptions from other Federal
agencies. The material reflects both those activities explicitly
mandated by Title IV as well as ongoing activities which impact
indoor air quality.
EPA
IA
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
INDOOR AIR
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PB90-167396/XAB
Report to Congress on indoor Air Quality, volume 2, Assessment and
Control of Indoor Air Pollution
EPA, Washington, DC
Aug 89, 252p, EPA-400/1-89-001C, PC A12/MF A02
Abstract: This volume is the second in a three-volume report that
fulfills the requirement of Section 403(e) of the Superfund Amendments
and Reauthorization Act of 1986. This volume discusses information on
the risks, the economic impacts of pollution control methods, a
description of current legislative authorities, and State, local, as
well as private, problems addressing the issue. It concludes with a
discussion of the policy issues on a comprehensive Federal response to
indoor air quality.
EPA
IA
RA
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
INDOOR AIR
RISK ASSESSMENT
PB90-167404/XAB
Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality, Volume 3, Indoor Air
Pollution Research Needs Statement
EPA, Washington, D. C.
Aug 89, 51p, EPA-400/1-89-001D, PC A04/MF A01
Abstract: This volume is the third in a three-volume report that
fulfills the requirement of Section 403(e) of the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986. This volume compiles
interagency perceptions of the near- and long-term research needs
to further characterize the range of indoor air quality concerns and
identify technologically sound mitigation strategies.
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
IA INDOOR AIR
PB90-170002/XAB
Toxic Air Pollutant/Source Crosswalk: A Screening Tool for
Locating Possible Sources Emitting Toxic Air Pollutants, Second
Edition
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Radian Corp.
A.A. Pope et al.
Dec 89, 766p, EPA-450/2-89-017, PC A99/MF A04
Abstract: The report presents the second edition of the Air Toxic
Pollutant/Source Crosswalk that associates emitting source categories
with specific air toxics compounds. This is a qualitative association
and does not provide any information about the quantities of
pollutants emitted. The crosswalk contains pollutant names. Chemical
Abstract Service (CAS) numbers. Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) codes, and Source Classification Codes (SCCs). The report
contains 15,000 associations for more than 1100 air toxic compounds,
and the second edition revises and expands the report. A software
system, XATEF (containing the crosswalk), has been developed for easy
access and updating of the data. Use of the system is explained in
the EPA report. Crosswalk Air Toxic Emission Factor Data Base
Management System User's Manual. EPA is making available the system
and data base records to agency users upon request. The purpose of
the report is to offer a technical service to air pollution control
agencies in performing preliminary assessments of the types and
sources of toxic compounds in an area. The crosswalk helps agencies
to identify the potential of pollutants to be emitted from sources
in an area.
EF
EPA
EMISSION FACTOR
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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PB90-171901/XAB
Pathogen Risk Assessment for Land Application of Municipal Sludge,
Volume 1. Methodology and Computer Model
EPA, Cincinnati, OH, ECAO
Nov 89, 158p, EPA-600/6-90-002A, PC A08/MF A01
Abstract: Section 405 of the Clean Water Act requires the U.S. EPA
to develop and issue regulations that identify: uses for sludge
including disposal; specific factors (including costs) to be taken
into account in determining the measures and practices applicable
for each use or disposal; and concentrations of pollutants that
interfere with each use of disposal. To comply with this mandate, the
U.S. EPA has embarked on a program to develop four major technical
regulations: land application, including distribution and marketing;
landfilling; incineration and surface disposal. The development of
these technical regulations requires a consideration of pathogens
as well as chemical constituents of sludge. The purpose of the
report is to describe a proposed methodology and associated computer
model designed to assess the potential risks to human health posed
by pathogens in municipal sewage sludge applied to land as fertilizer
or soil conditioner.
CL-SEWSLUD SEWAGE SLUDGE
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
RDG REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT GUIDANCE
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-17919/XAB
Pathogen Risk Assessment for Land Application of Municipal Sludge.
Volume 2. User's Manual
EPA, Cincinnati, OH, ECAO
Nov 89, 281p, EPA-600/6-90-002B, PC A13/MF A02
Abstract: Section 405 of the Clean Water Act requires the U.S. EPA
to develop and issue regulation that identify: uses for sludge
including disposal; specific factors (including costs) to be taken
into account in determining the measures and practices applicable for
each use of disposal; and concentrations of pollutants that
interfere with each use or disposal. To comply with this mandate,
the U.S. EPA has embarked on a program to develop four major technical
regulations; land application, including distribution and marketing;
landfilling; incineration and surface disposal. The development of
these technical regulations requires a consideration of pathogens
as well as chemical constituents of sludge. The purpose of the
report is to describe a proposed methodology and associated computer
model designed to assess the potential risks to human health posed by
pathogens in municipal sewage applied to land as fertilizer or soil
conditioner.
CL-SEWSLUD SEWAGE SLUDGE
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
RDG REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT GUIDANCE
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
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PB90-186990/XAB
Municipal Waste Contoustion Assessment: Medical Waste Combustion
Practices at Municipal Waste Combustion Facilities
EPA. Cincinnati, OH, CERI
Energy and Environmental Research Corp.
V.J. Landrum and R.G. Barton
Jul 89, 43p, EPA-600/8-89-062, PC A03/MF A01
Abstract: The report defines and characterizes types of medical
waste, discusses the impacts of burning medical waste on combustor
emissions, and outlines important handling and operating
considerations. Facility-specific design, handling, and operating
practices are also discussed for municipal waste combustors (MUC's)
that reportedly accept medical waste in the U.S., Europe, and Canada.
Only very limited data are available on the emission impacts
associated with the combustion of medical waste in MUC's. The EPA's
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards is developing emission
standards and guidelines for new and existing MWC's under Sections
111(b) and 111(d) of the Clean Air Act.
CL-HAZWAST HAZARDOUS WASTES
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PRA PRE-REGULATORY ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
PB90-195744/XAB
Risk Assessments Methodology. Environmental Impact Statement.
MESHAPs (National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) for
radionuclides. Background Information Document. Volume 1
EPA, Washington, DC, ORP
Sep 89, 269p, EPA-520/1-89-005, PC A12/MF A02
Abstract: The publication contains information on hazard
identification, movement of radionuclides through environmental
pathways, radiation dosimetry, estimating the risk of health effects
resulting from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation, and
summary of the uncertainties in calculations of dose risks.
CL-RAD RADIATION
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
PB90-195751/XftB
Risk Assessments Environmental Impact Statement. NESHAPs (National
Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) for Radionuclides.
Background Information Document. Volume 2
EPA, Washington, DC, ORP
Sep 89, 563p, EPA-520/1-89-006-1, PC A24/MF A03
Abstract: The publication contains a chapter on each radionuclide
source category studied. The chapters include an introduction,
category description, process description, control technology, health
impact assessment, supplemental control technology, and cost. It
has an appendix which contains the inputs to all the computer runs
used to generate the risk assessment.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
10 METAL MINING
109 MISCELLANEOUS METAL ORES
1094 URANIUM-RADIUM-VANAD I UN ORES
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7440-61-1 URANIUM
7723-14-0 PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW)
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PB90-195769/XAB
Risk Assessments Appendices Environmental Impact Statement. NESHAPs
(National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) for
Radionuclides. Background Information Document. Volume 2.
Appendices
EPA, Washington, DC, ORP
Sep 89, 364p, EPA-520/1-89-006-2, PC A16/MF A02
Abstract: The document is the Appendix to Risk Assessments Vol II
and contains the inputs to all the computer runs used to generate
the risk assessment.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
10 METAL MINING
109 MISCELLANEOUS METAL ORES
1094 URANIUM-RADIUM-VANADIUM ORES
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7440-61-1 URANIUM
7723-14-0 PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW)
PB90-195777/XAB
Economic Assessment Environmental Impact Statement. NESHAPs
(National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) for
Radionuclides. Background Information Document. Volume 3
EPA, Washington, DC, ORP
Sep 89, 536p, EPA-520/1-89-007, PC A23/MF A03
Abstract: The document has chapters on each radionuclide source
category studied. Each chapter includes an introduction, industry
profile, summary of emissions, risk levels, the benefits and costs of
emission controls, and economic impact evaluations.
CL-RAD RADIATION
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
10 METAL MINING
109 MISCELLANEOUS METAL ORES
1094 URANIUM-RADIDM-VANADIUM ORES
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7440-61-1 URANIUM
7723 ,4-0 PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW)
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00
PB90-500273/REB
COM2: Climatological Dispersion Model, Version 2.0 EPA/QRD
(Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Research and Development)
Air Quality Simulation Model
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, MAD
J. Mersch
Aug 89, 1 diskette, EPA-SW/DK-89-147, CP D01
Abstract: The model is contained on 5 1/4 inch, double density
(360K) diskettes, compatible with the IBM PC micro-computer, ready
for uploading to an IBM 3090 computer. Price includes documentation,
PB86-136546. CDM-2.0 (Climatological Dispersion Model-Version 2.0)
determines long-term (seasonal or annual) quasi-stable pollutant
concentrations in rural or urban settings using average emission rates
from point and area sources and a joint frequency distribution of wind
direction, wind speed, and stability. The Gaussian plume hypothesis
forms the basis for the calculations. Contributions are calculated
assuming the narrow plume hypothesis, and involve an upwind
integration over the area sources. Computations can be made for up
to 200 point sources and 2500 area sources at an unlimited number of
receptor locations. The number of point and areas sources can be
easily modified within the code. The user has a choice of seven
dispersion parameter schemes. Software Description: The model is
written in the FORTRAN programming language for implementation on an
IBM 3090, VAX 8650, or SUn 386i computer. The software is distritured
on a 5 1/4-inch IBM PC-compatible diskette. Data is in compressed
format but a dearchive utility is included.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
PB90-500406/REB
CCM2: Cliniatological Dispersion Model, Version 2.0/ EPA/ORD
(Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Research and Development)
Air Quality Simulation Model (for Microcomputers)
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, MAD
J. Mersch
Aug 89, 1 diskette, EPA-SW/DK-89-174, CP D01
Abstract: The software is contained on 5 1/4-inch diskettes, double
density (360K), compatible with the IBM PC microcomputer. The
diskettes are in the ASCII format. Price includes documentation,
PB86-136546. Climatological Dispersion Model-Version 2.0 (CDM-2.0)
determines long-term (seasonal or annual) quasi-stable pollutant
concentrations in rural or urban settings using average emission
rates from point and area sources and a joint frequency distribution
of wind direction, wind speed, and stability. The Gaussian plume
hypothesis forms the basis for the calculations. Computations can
be made for up to 200 point sources and 2500 area sources at an
unlimited number of receptor locations. CDM-2.0 includes the
following options: 16 or 36 wind-direction sectors, initial plume
dispersion, buoyancy-induced dispersion, stack-top down wash, and
gradual (transitional) plume rise. The user has a choice of seven
dispersion parameter schemes. Software Description: The software
is written in the FORTRAN programming language for implementation on
an IBM-PC compatible microcomputer. Data is in compressed format
but a dearchive utility is included.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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VD
PB90-501560/XAB
Volatile Organic Compound and Particulate Matter Special ion Data
Base (for Microcomputers)
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
U.B. Kuykendal and G. Patterson
Oct 89, 4 diskettes, EPA-DF/DK-90-024, CP 605
Abstract: The data base contains special ion factors for both
volatile organic compounds (VOC's) and particulate matter (PM) from
a number of source categories. The speciation factors are the weight
percent of the individual compounds or elements that make up either
total VOC or total PM. By applying these speciation factors the user
can estimate compound specific emissions when only total VOC or PM
emissions are known. The VOC data base contains approximately 275
profiles from 28 source categories. The PM data base contains
approximately 300 profiles from 20 source categories. Source
categories are identified by Source Category Classification and
compounds are identified by Chemical Abstracts Services number. The
data bases have been published in the following two volume report,
"Air Emissions Species Manual Volume I Volatile Organic Compound
Species Profiles, second edition," EPA-450/2-90-001a, January 1990
and "Air Emission Species Manual Volume II Particulate Matter Species
Profiles, second edition," EPA-450/2-90-001b, January 1990. The
data file is contained on 5 1/4-inch diskettes, high density (1.2M),
compatible with the IBM PC/AT microcomputer. The diskettes are in
the ASCII format.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EF EMISSION FACTOR
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
TN0368-02-3892
EVALUATION OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE EMISSIONS AT VELSICOL
CHEMICAL CORPORATION, MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE
MEMPHIS-SHELBY CO. DEPT. OF HEALTH
RICHARD REHM, RAYMOND HILL, STEPHEN wALATA - ALLIANCE TECHNOLOGIES
CORPORATION.
04/01/88, 49 pages
THIS REPORT PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF AN ASSESSMENT OF (HEX)
HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE AIR EMISSIONS, POTENTIAL CONTROLS, PREDICTED
AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS & HEALTH EFFECTS AT AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS FOR
VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION'S FACILITIES IN MEMPHIS, TN. VELSICOL/
MEMPHIS IS ONLY ONE OF TUO FACILITIES IN THIS COUNTRY WHICH
MANUFACTURES HEX, THE OTHER BEING VELSICOL'S MARSHALL, ILL. FACILITY.
HEX IS AN INTERMEDIATE USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF CHLORENDIC ANHYDRIDE,
A FLAME RETARDANT & A VARIETY OF CHLORINATED PESTICIDES, INCLUDING
HEPTACHLOR AND CHLORDANE. BOTH CHLORENDIC ANHYDRIDE & HEPTACHLOR ARE
ALSO PRODUCED AT VELSIDOL, MEMPHIS. HEX HAS PROVEN TO BE A POTENT
IRRITANT AND THERE IS EVIDENCE IN THE LITERATURE INDICATING AN
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HEX EXPOSURE & SEVERAL NONCANCER HEALTH EFFECTS.
CT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENT
DM DISPERSION MODELING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TN03 MEMPHIS-SHELBY CO. DEPT. OF HEALTH
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
77-47-4 HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
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I
TXOlS&A-PBBYXRF-EQ
EQUIVALENT METHOD FOR THE DETERITINATION OF LEAD IN SUSPENDED
PARTICULATE MATTER COLLECTED FROM AMBIENT AIR
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
16 pages
AMBIENT AIR SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER IS COLLECTED ON A GLASS-FIBER
FILTER FOR 24-HOURS USING A HIGH-VOLUME AIR SAMPLER.
THE LEAD CONTENT OF THE SAMPLE IS ANALYZED BY X-RAY FLUORESCENCE
SPECTROMETRY USING A RADIOACTIVE-SOURCE EXCITED SYSTEM. X-RAYS FROM
AG-109, WHICH IS THE DAUGHTER OF CD-109, ARE USED TO EXCITE THE PB LB
LINE WHOSE INTENSITY IS MEASURED ACCORDING TO THE MANUFACTURER'S
DESCRIPTION OF THE APPARATUS.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
TX01S&A-0784-33XRCON
ON THE ANALYSIS OF LARGE NUMBERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES BY X-RAY
FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
VINCENT C. ANSELITO
07/31/84, 19 pages
DESCRIBES A SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS OF LARGE NUMBERS OF NETWORK
FILTERS AND NON-ROUTINE COMPLIANCE SAMPLES FOR 31 ELEMENTS.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
7439-96-5 MANGANESE
7440-02-0 NICKEL
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
7440-48-4 COBALT
7723-H-0 PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW)
7782-49-2 SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, AS SE
7782-50-5 CHLORINE
TX01S&A-093086-SAKE
EMISSIONS FROM THE COMBUSTION OF FUEL OIL SPIKED WITH CHLORINATED
ALIPHATICS --- FINAL REPORT
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JAMES BARTA
09/30/86, 16 pages
A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED BY THE STAFF OF THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
(TACB) TO DETERMINE THE COMPOSITION OF WASTE OILS BEING COMBUSTED AS
SUPPLEMENTAL FUEL. OF THE 181 OIL SAMPLES COLLECTED STATEWIDE, IT WAS
FOUND THAT 40 SAMPLES CONTAINED CHLORINATED ORGANICS. A SUMMARY OF THE
RESULTS FROM THAT STUDY INDICATES THAT THE WASTE OILS CONTAINED PRE-
DOMINANTLY CHLORINATED ALIPHATICS, PRIMARILY 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE AND
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE. THE FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE WAS 65% FOR 1,1,1-
TRICHLOROETHANE AND 62.5% FOR TETRACHLOROETHYLENE. THE AVERAGE CON-
CENTRATIONS WERE 10,500 AND 2500 PPP, RESPECTIVELY. THIS REPORT AD-
DRESSES THE RESULTS OF A STUDY TO DETERMINE THE EMISSIONS OF AIR CON-
TAMINANTS RESULTING FROM THE COMBUSTION IN A HOT-MIX PLANT OF NO. 2
DIESEL FUEL OIL SPIKED WITH THE ABOVE COMPOUNDS TO THREE DIFFERENT
CONCENTRATIONS. THE STUDY INCLUDED FOUR SERIES OF TEST: A BACKGROUND
TEST, A 2000 PPM TEST, AND A 5000 PPM TEST USING A MIXTURE OF 50
PERCENT TRICHLOROETHANE AND 50 PERCENT TETRACHLOROETHYLENE.
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
118-74-1 HEXACHLOROBEN2ENE
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
295 ASPHALT PAVING AND ROOFING MATERIALS
2951 ASPHALT PAVING MIXTURES AND BLOCKS
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE,1,1,1-
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TX01S&A-84-52-8
PREPARATION OF STANDARDS ON GLASS FIBER FILTERS FOR X-RAY
FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
VINCENT C. ANSELITO, JUAN J. RIOS
12/31/84, 12 pages
A VALID QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM RELIES ON THE AVAILABILITY OF
INDEPENDENTLY PREPARED AUDIT MATERIALS. FOR X-RAY FLUORESCENCE
SPECTROSCOPY, THE SOURCES OF CALIBRATION STANDARDS AND AUDIT MATERIALS
ARE LIMITED. FOR EXAMPLE, THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
(EPA) PROVIDES AUDIT STRIPS FOR LEAD BY ITS REFERENCE METHOD (ATOMIC
ABSORPTION). THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD (TACB), AS WELL AS OTHER
LABORATORIES, HAVE OBTAINED EQUIVALENCY FOR AN XRF METHOD FOR LEAD,
HOWEVER NO EQUIVALENT STANDARDS ARE AVAILABLE. THIS PAPER PRESENTS
A METHOD FOR PREPARING CALIBRATION STANDARDS OR AUDIT STANDARDS BY
UNIFORMLY DEPOSITING A SOLUTION ONTO A GLASS FIBER FILTER.
AH AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
7782-50-5 CHLORINE
TX01S&A0288-CR(V1)IC
DETERMINATION OF LOW LEVELS OF AIRBORNE CHROMIUM (VI) BY ANION
EXCHANGE TREATMENT AND INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
DEWAYNE L. EHMAN, VINCENT C. ANSELITO, AND J. MAXINE JENKS
02/28/88, 3 pages
THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY BECAME CONCERNED WITH THE
HEALTH EFFECTS OF CHROMIUM(VI) IN THE MID-1980S. AS A RESULT, THE
STAFF OF THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD LABORATORY DEVELOPED A METHOD FOR
DETERMINING AIRBORNE CHROMIUM(VI) THAT WAS COLLECTED AS PARTICULATE
MATTER BY HIGH-VOLUME SAMPLERS. THE METHOD USES A MILDLY BASIC EX-
TRACTING SOLUTION, AN I ON-EXCHANGE RESIN FOR REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM(VI),
AND INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
CHROMIUM BEFORE AND AFTER THE REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM(VI). THE METHOD'S
MINIMUM DETECTION LIMIT IS 0.007 UG/ML. THIS CORRESPONDS TO APPROXI-
MATELY 5NG/M3 OF CHROMIUM(VI) IN THE AMBIENT AIR IF 2000 M3 OF AIR
WERE SAMPLED. THE METHOD HAS AN AVERAGE PRECISION (DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
RESULTS FOR DUPLICATE SAMPLES) OF -1X AND AN AVERAGE ACCURACY
(DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE FOUND AND THE TRUE VALUES FOR AUDIT SAMPLES)
OF -3%. THE METHOD'S RECOVERABILITY IS 95% FOR "BIOAVAILABLE: CHROM-
IUM(IV) AND NEARLY 0% FOR CHROMIUM(VI) BOUND IN ANY INSOLUBLE MATRIX
SUCH AS SILICATE; THIS FEATURE MAKES THE METHOD PARTICULARLY ATTRAC-
TIVE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CHROMIUM(VI) IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES
SUCH AS AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER. THE NEW METHOD WAS USED TO STUDY
THE RATE OF REDUCTION OF CHROMIUM(VI) LEVELS IN COLLECTED PARTICULATE
MATTER.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
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TX01S&A2-87-SWAPCA
IMPROVED EFFICIENCY FOR THE EXTRACTION OF ARSENIC FROM EXPOSED
HIGH-VOLUME FILTERS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
DEUAYNE L. EHHAN, VINCENT C. ANSELITO, AND J. MAXINE JENKS
02/28/87, 10 pages
THE BODY OF INFORMATION PRESENTED IN THIS PAPER IS DIRECTED TO ANA-
LYTICAL CHEMISTS IN THE FIELD OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL. FREQUENTLY,
BECAUSE OF THE NEED FOR LOWER DETECTION LIMITS, THE ARSENIC CONTENTS
OF EXPOSED FILTER PAPERS MUST BE DETERMINED BY A METHOD INVOLVING EX-
TRACTION AND ANALYSIS BY AN INSTRUMENT SUCH AS THE INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED
PLASMA (ICP) SPECTROMETER. EXPERIMENTS INVOLVING THE X-RAY FLUOR-
ESCENCE (XRF) ANALYSES OF UNEXTRACTED AND EXTRACTED FILTER CIRCLES
FOR ARSENIC SHOW THAT, FOR CERTAIN EXPOSED FILTERS, NO MORE THAN 85%
OF THE ARSENIC CAN BE EXTRACTED USING ONLY 5 M NITRIC ACID AND ULTRA-
SON I CAT I ON. EXPOSED FILTERS FOR WHICH THE COMPLETE EXTRACTION OF
ARSENIC IS DIFFICULT ARE THOSE WHICH CONTAIN SIGNIFICANT QUANTITIES OF
TIRE-RUBBER DUST OR OTHER SOLID ORGANIC MATERIAL IN THE COLLECTED
PARTICULATE MATTER. FOR THESE FILTERS A PRETREATMENT WITH AN ORGANIC
SOLVENT FOLLOWED BY A PRETREATMENT WITH CONCENTRATED NITRIC ACID IS
REQUIRED TO EFFECT AN EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY CLOSE TO 100% FOR ARSENIC.
DATA DEMONSTRATING THE IMPROVED EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY FOR ARSENIC WILL
BE PRESENTED. ALSO DATA SHOWING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE ARSENIC
ANALYSIS BY ICP AND BY XRF SPECTROMETRY WILL BE PRESENTED.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
TX01S&A8-87-29RMC
THE ANALYSIS OF PARTICULATE MATTER COLLECTED ON MEMBRANE FILTERS IN
A DICHOTOTOUS SAMPLER
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
DEWAYNE L. EHMAM, PH.D.; J. SCOT MGEBROFF; VINCENT C. ANSELITO,
PH.D.; J. MAXINE JENKS, PH.D.
08/31/87, 28 pages
THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD (TACB) PARTICIPATES IN THE NATIONWIDE PM10
NETWORK; THIS NETWORK INCLUDES DICHOTOMOUS SAMPLERS WHICH COLLECT
PARTICULATE MATTER IN TWO AERODYNAMIC RANGES: 2.5 TO 10UM (THE COARSE
FRACTION) AND <2.5 UM (THE FINE FRACTION). BOTH FRACTIONS ARE CON-
SIDERED INHALABLE, WHILE THE FINE PARTICULATE MATTER IS THOUGHT TO
HAVE THE ABILITY TO GET DEEPLY ENTRAINED IN THE LUNGS. THEREFORE, THE
TACB IS INTERESTED NOT ONLY IN THE MASS OF THE COLLECTED PM10 BUT ALSO
IN THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITIONS OF BOTH FRACTIONS. WE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE
SPECTROSCOPY FOR ALL ELEMENTS HEAVIER THAN MAGNESIUM. HOWEVER, BEFORE
WE COMMIT TO A ROUTINE XRF ANALYSIS OF DICHLOTOMOUS FILTERS. WE NEED
TO PROVE THAT THE PARTICULATE MATTER IS DISTIBUTED HOGOGENEOUSLY OVER
THE EXPOSED AREA OF THE FILTER (SINCE OUR XRF ANALYZES ONLY A PORTION
OF THE EXPOSED AREA) AND THAT THE XRF'S RESPONSE TO EACH ELEMENT DEM-
ONSTRATES ACCEPTABLE SENSITIVITY, LINEARITY, AND REPRODUCIBILITY. IF
THESE ITEMS CAN BE PROVEN, ACCURACY WILL FOLLOW BY WAY OF A JUDICIOUS
CALIBRATION OF THE XRF SPECTROMETER FOR EACH ELEMENT USING INDEPENDENT
METHODS OF ANALYSES. THE RESULTS OF THE TESTING FOR HOMOGENEITY. SEN-
SITIVITY, LINEARITY, AND REPRODUCIBILITY WILL NOW BE PRESENTED. ALSO,
THE PROCEDURE USED FOR PREPARING DICHOTOMOUS FILTERS LADEN WITH CUS-
TOMIZED PARTICULATE MATTER WILL BE DESCRIBED.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
7782-50-5 CHLORINE
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TX010190001
HUMAN EXPOSURE TO POTENTIALLY TOXIC ELEMENTS THROUGH AMBIENT AIR
IN TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JO ANN UIERSEMA. LYNN URIGHT, BETTY ROGERS, RED BARTA
06/30/84, 12 pages
THE PURPOSE OF THIS PAPER IS TO EVALUATE AMBIENT LEVELS OF THIRTEEN
POTENTIALLY TOXIC ELEMENTS FOR POSSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS. THESE ELE-
MENTS ARE ALUMINUM, ANTIMONY, ARSENIC, BARIUM, CADMIUM, CHROMIUM,
COBALT, LEAD, MANGANESE, MOLYBDENUM, NICKEL, SELENIUM, AND VANADIUM.
THEY WERE MONITORED AT APPROXIMATELY 100 SITES THROUGHOUT TEXAS; DATA
EXAMINED WERE COLLECTED FROM 1978 THROUGH 1982. IN ADDITION, THE
EXPOSURE TO HUMANS TO THESE ELEMENTS THROUGH AIR HAS BEEN COMPARED TO
EXPOSURE TO INGEST ION OF WATER AND FOOD. ARSENIC AND LEAD LEVELS IN
EL PASO, LEAD LEVELS IN DALLAS, AND CHROMIUM LEVELS IN CORPUS CHRISTI
EXCEEDED THE TACB STAFF REVIEW GUIDELINES. AT THE SITES WITH THE
HIGHEST ANNUAL AVERAGES. INTAKE THROUGH AIR OF ANTIMONY, LEAD, AND
ARSENIC WAS ESTIMATED TO BE 8%, 30%, AND 15% RESPECTIVELY, OF TOTAL
DAILY INTAKE OF EACH ELEMENTS. ADDITIONAL STUDY IS NEEDED TO ENSURE
THAT MAXIMUM PUBLIC EXPOSURE HAS BEEN DETERMINED, TO ASSESS ITS
TOXICOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE, AND DETERMINE WHETHER MORE CONTROL IS
NEEDED.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
7429-90-5 ALUMINUM
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
7439-96-5 MANGANESE
7439-98-7 MOLYBDENUM
7440-02-0 NICKEL
7440-36-0 ANTIMONY
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
7440-39-3 BARIUM
7440-43-9 CADMIUM
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
7440-48-4 COBALT
7782-49-2 SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, AS SE
TX010190002
COST EFFECTIVE MEASUREMENT OF ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS IN AEROSOL
IN TEXAS BY X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JAMES PRICE, VINCENT ANSELMO, STUART DATTNER, ET AL.
06/30/82, 14 pages
THIS PAPER IS DIRECTED TO TECHNICAL STAFF AND MANAGERS CONCERNED WITH
THE GENERATION, ANALYSIS AND USE OF DATA FOR AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT.
NINE YEARS' OPERATING EXPERIENCE HAS CONFIRMED THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS
OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (XRF) ANALYSIS OF NETWORK PARTICULATE SAMPLES.
THE INCREMENTAL CONTINUING COST OF XRF ANALYSIS FOR 32 ELEMENTS ON ALL
SAMPLES FROM 100 SAMPLERS RUN ON A SIXTH-DAY SCHEDULE CONSISTS PRIMAR-
ILY OF ONE POSITION, DATA PROCESSING SUPPORT, CONSUMABLE SUPPLIES, AND
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE. THE TACB BEGAN USING XRF ANALYSIS IN 1973. XRF
ELEMENTAL DATA FOR ALL SAMPLES FROM THE TACB'S PARTICULATE NETWORK
HAVE PROVIDED COST-EFFECTIVE MONITORING OF PUBLIC EXPOSURE TO POTEN-
TIALLY TOXIC ELEMENTS AND HAVE BEEN USED TO IDENTIFY SOURCES BY THEIR
ELEMENTAL FINGERPRINTS AND TO ESTIMATE SOURCE CONTRIBUTIONS TO TOTAL
PARTICULATE LOADINGS. DETECTION LIMITS HAVE BEEN IMPROVED BY USE OF
MINIMUM DETECTABLE MEAN ANALYSIS AND FACTOR ANALYSIS.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
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IO
TX018500?
Time Series and Spectral Analysis of Ozone-Hydrocarbon Monitoring
Data
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
Richard Tropp, Jerome Barta, Karen Crum, Stuart Dattner
Keith Zimmermann
06/16/85. 16p pages
A major data collection program was conducted in Harris County, Texas
quantities monitored were continuous ambient concentrations of ozone,
oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide and total hydrocarbons/methane;
continuous readings of aerometric variables such as wind speed and
direction, ambient temperature and solar radiation; and continuous
hourly measurements and identification of 38 hydrocarbon species at
three sites. This set of data has been evaluated using a variety of
standard techniques. In addition, time series and spectral analysis
have been used to determine temporal and spectral relations. Auto-
correlations, power spectra, and squared coherence spectra all reveal
a strong diurnal influence. The patterns of variation obtained from
this work will be used to infer possible relationships in the for-
mation of ozone from hydrocarbon precursors and to help to select
appropriate monitoring strategies for toxic hydrocarbons.
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
10028-15-6 OZONE
10102-43-9 NITRIC OXIDE
10102-44-0 NITROGEN DIOXIDE
109-66-0 PENTANE
142-82-5 HEPTANE
60-35-5 ACETAMIDE
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
71-43-2 BENZENE
8002-74-2 PARAFFIN WAX FUME
TXO190003
PROGRESS IN DEVELOPMENT OF A BIOLOGICAL TEST SYSTEM TO DETECT THE
EFFECTS OF AMBIENT AIR
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JAMES PRICE, JOANN UIERSEMA, MARVIN LEGATOR
06/30/89, 15 pages
IN 1984 THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD BEGAN CONTRACT RESEARCH TO DEVELOP
A BIOLOGICAL TEST SYSTEM THAT COULD DETECT DIRECTLY THE ADVERSE BIO-
LOGICAL EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO THE COMPLEX MIXTURE OF AIR TOXICS IN
AMBIENT AIR. SUCH A SYSTEM IS NEEDED BECAUSE THE CURRENT PROCEDURE OF
ANALYZING AMBIENT AIR FOR SPECIFIC COMPOUNDS AND EXTRAPOLATING AVAIL-
ABLE TOXICITY INFORMATION TO THE LOW, MEASURED LEVELS IS INADEQUATE
FOR TWO IMPORTANT REASONS. FIRST, THERE MAY BE SYNERGISTIC INTER-
ACTIONS THAT CURRENT TOXICOLOGICAL UNDERSTANDING CANNOT PREDICT. NEXT,
IT IS NOT CURRENTLY FEASIBLE TO MONITOR FOR SECONDARY AIR TOXICS PRO-
DUCED IN PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS, AND THE TOXICOLOGY OF MOST OF THESE
COMPOUNDS IS UNKNOWN EVEN IF THEIR IDENTITY AND CONCENTRATIONS WERE
KNOWN. AS IT IS BEING DEVELOPED, THE BIOLOGICAL TEST SYSTEM INVOLVES
INVOLVES EXPOSING MICE TO TEST COMPOUNDS IN AIR FOR SIX WEEKS, THEN
PERFORMING SENSITIVE TESTS ON SPECIFIC CELLS HARVESTED FROM THE MICE
FOLLOWING THE EXPOSURE. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE SYSTEM MAY BE
CAPABLE OF DETECTING TWO TYPES OF BIOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE,
CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE AND POINT MUTATION, IN THE RANGE OF 20 TO 40 PARTS
PER BILLION OF THE TEST COMPOUND. ADDITIONAL ENDPOINTS, INCLUDING
TESTS FOR DAMAGE TO THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, NEED TO BE ADDED.
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TT TOXICITY TESTING
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
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TX0190004
COMPARISON OF HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACHES FOR CARCINOGENIC
POLLUTANTS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
S. THOMAS DYDEK, PH.D.
06/25/89, 8 pages
ONE OF THE MAJOR TASKS FACING ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY AGENCIES IS
THAT OF COMMUNICATING TO THE PUBLIC THE RISK OF EXPOSURE TO CARCINO-
GENIC AIR POLLUTANTS. THERE ARE BASICALLY TWO DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO
THIS PROBLEM. THE FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AND SOME
STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES HAVE USED THE APPROACH OF QUANTITATIVE RISK
ASSESSMENT. OTHER STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES USE GUIDELINES BASED ON
FRACTIONS OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS TO ASSESS THE POTENTIAL FOR
ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE COMMUNITY AT LARGE. THIS PAPER PRESENTS A
METHOD OF COMPARISON WHICH GIVES SOME INSIGHT INTO THE SIMILARITIES
AND DIFFERENCES OF THESE TWO APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT AND COMMUNI-
CATION OF RISK. THIS COMPARISON ALSO IDENTIFIES A SUBSET OF CARCINO-
GENS FOR WHICH THE TWO APPROACHES GIVE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT
RESULTS. THIS IS A SIGNAL FOR A RE-EVALUATION OF THE THREAT TO PUBLIC
HEALTH POSED BY CHEMICALS IN THIS GROUP.
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
RA RISK ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AiR CONTROL BOARD
TX0190005
FINAL REPORT: GULF COAST COMMUNITY EXPOSURE STUDY
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
BETTY ROGERS, JOANN UIERSEMA, JAMES PRICE, CHARLES SHEVLIN, ET AL.
03/31/88, 70 pages
THE GULF COAST COMMUNITY EXPOSURE STUDY WAS A PROJECT DESIGNED AND
IMPLEMENTED BY THE STAFF OF THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD (TACB). THE
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO MEASURE AMBIENT LEVELS OF UNREGULATED AIR
CONTAMINANTS IN THE GULF COAST AREA, AND DETERMINE WHETHER THESE
LEVELS MIGHT ADVERSELY AFFECT PUBLIC HEALTH OR WELFARE. THE SUBSTANCES
MONITORED WERE: ACRYLONITRILE, ARSENIC, BENZENE, EPICHLOROHYDRIN.
ETHYLENE OXIDE, FORMALDEHYDE, LEAD, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS AND
THEIR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS (POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS AND POLY-
CHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS), POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, AND VINYL
CHLORIDE. THE MONITORING PROGRAM LASTED FROM OCTOBER 9, 1985 TO SEP-
TEMBER 26,1986, WITH ONE SITE EACH IN GALVESTON, JEFFERSON, AND ORANGE
COUNTIES, TWO SITES IN HARRIS COUNTY, AND A BACKGROUND SITE IN AUSTIN.
MONITORING LOCATIONS WERE ESTABLISHED AT TACB SITES IN POPULATED AREAS
WITH NEARBY EMITTING SOURCES, AND SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ONCE EVERY
TEN DAYS. ALL SUBSTANCES EXCEPT FORMALDEHYDE WERE COLLECTED BY AUTO-
MATED HIGH-VOLUME SAMPLERS FITTED WITH A SPECIAL PESTICIDE HEAD.
ALTHOUGH MANY OF THE STUDY SUBSTANCES REMAINED BELOW DETECTION LIMITS
THROUGHOUT THE MONITORING PERIOD, ANALYSES OF DATA ABOVE DETECTION
LIMITS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE NONDETECTABLE DATA SHOWED NO INDIC-
ATION OF HEALTH RISK. THE LEVELS OF ALL THE SUBSTANCES WHICH WERE
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
106-89-8 EPICHLOROHYDRIN
107-13-1 ACRYLONITRILE
129-00-0 PYRENE
191-07-1 CORONENE
218-01-9 CHRYSENE
50-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
50-32-8 BENZO(A)PYRENE
71-43-2 BENZENE
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
75-01-4 VINYL CHLORIDE
75-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
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TX0190006
THE DALLAS WINTER VISIBILITY STUDY DECEMBER 15, 1986 - MARCH 15
1987
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
WAYNE ENFIELD, STUART DATTNER, KEITH ZIMMERMAN
07/31/88, 78 pages
IN THE SUMMER OF 1986 THE REGION VI OFFICE OF THE EPA SOUGHT THE
ASSISTANCE OF SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES IN PLANNING AND CARRYING
OUT A STUDY OF WINTER VISIBILITY IMPAIRMENT IN DALLAS. FOR SOME YEARS,
A HIGHLY VISIBLE CLOUD OF POLLUTED AIR COULD BE SEEN OVER THE CITY
DURING WINTER SEASON STAGNATION CONDITIONS. A HISTORICAL STUDY OF
VISUAL RANGE DATA COLLECTED FROM LOCAL AIRPORTS CONDUCTED BY THE TEXAS
AIR CONTROL BOARD (ZIMMERMAN, 1985) SHOWED A DECREASING TREND IN THE
NUMBER OF "GOOD VISIBILITY" DAYS PER YEAR OVER THE PAST 35 YEARS AND,
THAT THE AVERAGE VISIBILITY HAS DECREASED BY 50 PERCENT SINCE 1960
(FIGURE S-1). SPECIFIC DATA DESCRIBING THE HAZE COMPOSITION OR SOURCE
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE WINTER POLLUTION HAZE WERE LIMITED. THE PURPOSE
OF THIS STUDY, CONDUCTED JOINTLY BY SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES AND
THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD, WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF THE CITY OF
DALLAS, WAS TO DETERMINE THE COMPOSITION OF THE VISIBLE HAZE, AND FROM
THAT INFORMATION, DETERMINE THE RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION OF THE VARIOUS
AIR POLLUTION SOURCES IN THE DALLAS AREA TO WINTER VISIBILITY IMPAIR-
MENT.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
TX0190007
RISK COMMUNICATION IN TEXAS: AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
MARCIA WILLHITE
06/30/89, 12 pages
MEDIA ATTENTION GIVEN TO CHEMICAL SPILLS AND ACCIDENTAL INDUSTRIAL
RELEASES AS WELL AS THE ADVENT OF SARA TITLE III REPORTING REQUIRE-
MENTS HAS RAISED PUBLIC AWARENESS OF AIR TOXICS ISSUES. REGULATORS ARE
CHALLENGED NOW MORE THAN EVER WITH THE TASK OF ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS
AND ADDRESSING THE CONCERNS OF THE PUBLIC WHO LEGITIMATELY WONDER
ABOUT POTENTIAL HAZARDS TO THEIR HEALTH AND WELFARE AS A RESULT OF EX-
POSURE TO TOXIC CHEMICALS. THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD (TACB) ROUTINE-
LY HAS THE OPPORTUNITY TO PROVIDE THIS INFORMATION IN THREE DIFFERENT
FORUMS; 1) PUBLIC MEETINGS PURSUANT TO CONTESTED PERMIT HEARINGS; 2)
PUBLIC MEETINGS CONCERNING SPILLS OR ACCIDENTAL RELEASES AND; 3) RE-
QUESTS FOR INFORMATION (E.G., PERTAINING TO SARA TITLE III, INFORM-
ATION ON SPECIFIC COMPOUNDS, ETC.). THE APPROACH TO RISK ANALYSIS AND
RISK COMMUNICATION TAKEN BY THE TACB DIFFERS FROM THAT EMPLOYED BY THE
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA) IN THAT EXCESS CANCER RISK
IS NOT PREDICTED. PUBLIC MEETINGS CONCERNING CONTESTED PERMITS OFFER
THE OPPORTUNITY FOR THE COMPANY TO EXPLAIN ITS PROPOSED FACILITY AND
REQUIRED EMISSION CONTROLS AND FOR THE TACB TO DESCRIBE ITS PERMIT RE-
VIEW PROCEDURES. MEETINGS REGARDING SPILLS OR RELEASES MAY INCLUDE EX-
PERTS FROM SEVERAL STATE AGENCIES TO RESPOND TO CITIZENS QUESTIONS.
INDIVIDUAL CITIZEN INQUIRIES OFFER OPPORTUNITIES TO PROVIDE INFO
OT OTHER
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
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TX0190008
MONITORING OF AIR TOXICS IN THE INDUSTRIALIZED TEXAS GULF COAST
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JOANN WIERSEMA, BETTY ROGERS, JAMES PRICE
06/30/89, 16 pages
THE GULF COAST COMMUNITY EXPOSURE STUDY WAS A PROJECT DESIGNED AND
IMPLEMENTED BY THE STAFF OF THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD (TACB). THE
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO MEASURE AMBIENT LEVELS OF UNREGULATED AIR
CONTAMINANTS IN THE GULF COAST AREA, AND DETERMINE WHETHER THESE
LEVELS MIGHT ADVERSELY AFFECT PUBLIC HEALTH OR WELFARE. THE SUBSTANCES
MONITORED WERE: ACRYLONITRILE, ARESENIC, BENZENE, EPICHLOROHYDRIN,
ETHYLENE OXIDE, FORMALDEHYDE, LEAD, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS AND
THEIR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS (POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS AND POLY-
CHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS), POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, AND VINYL
CHLORIDE. THE MONITORING PROGRAM LASTED FROM OCTOBER 9, 1985 TO SEPT-
EMBER 26, 1986, WITH ONE SITE EACH IN GALVESTON, JEFFERSON, AND ORANGE
COUNTIES, TWO SITES IN HARRIS COUNTY AND A BACKGROUND SITE IN AUSTIN.
MONITORING LOCATIONS WERE ESTABLISHED AT TACB SITES IN POPULATED AREAS
WITH NEARBY EMITTING SOURCES, AND SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ONCE EVERY
TEN DAYS. ALL SUBSTANCES EXCEPT FORMALDEHYDE WERE COLLECTED BY AUTO-
MATED HIGH-VOLUME SAMPLERS FITTED WITH A SPECIAL PESTICIDE HEAD.
ALTHOUGH MANY OF THE STUDY SUBSTANCES REMAINED BELOW DETECTION LIMITS
THROUGHOUT THE MONITORING PERIOD, ANALYSES OF DATA ABOVE DETECTION
LIMITS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE NONDETECTABLE DATA SHOWED NO INDICA-
TION OF HEALTH RISK. THE LEVELS OF ALL THE SUBSTANCES WHICH WERE
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
EA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
106-89-8 EPICHLOROHYDRIN
107-13-1 ACRYLONITRILE
129-00-0 PYRENE
191-07-1 CORONENE
218-01-9 CHRYSENE
50-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
50-32-8 BENZO(A)PYRENE
71-43-2 BENZENE
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
75-01-4 VINYL CHLORIDE
75-21-8 ETHYLENE OXIDE
TX0190009
TEXAS PROCEDURE FOR ASSESSING AIR TOXICS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JAMES PRICE, JOANN WIERSEMA, TOM DYDEK, JUDITH HENRY
01/31/87, 11 pages
MOST GOVERNMENT REGULATORY WORK TO LIMIT PUBLIC EXPOSURE TO CHEMICALS
THROUGH AMBIENT AIR TAKES THE SAME BASIC APPROACH: MEASUREMENT OR
CALCULATION OF THE CONCENTRATIONS TO WHICH THE PUBLIC CAN BE EXPOSED,
REVIEW OF INFORMATION ON THE EFFECTS OF EACH CHEMICAL ON ANIMALS OR
PERSONS AT CONCENTRATIONS THAT ARE ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER THAN THE
AMBIENT LEVELS, AND DETERMINATION OF THE REGULATORY REQUIRMENTS. THIS
BROAD DESCRIPTION FITS OUR OPERATING PROGRAM AS WELL. THIS PAPER DIS-
CUSSES HOW THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD (TACB) HANDLES TOXICITY EVALU-
ATIONS OPERATIONALLY AND BRIEFLY INTRODUCES SOME PROMISING WORK ON THE
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL TEST SYSTEMS TO DETERMINE THE SAFETY OR
HAZARDOUSNESS OF AMBIENT AIR.
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
PD AIR TOXICS CONTROL PROGRAM SUPPORT DOCUMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
TX0190010
MINIMUM SAMPLING FREQUENCY REQUIREMENTS FOR SAMPLING TOXIC
POLLUTANTS DOMINATED BY A MAJOR POINT SOURCE
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
STUART DATTNER, JAN MONEYSMITH, RICHARD TROPP
06/30/87, 14 pages
ESTIMATES OF THE PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE SAMPLE MEAN ARE DERIVED
FROM AN ANALYSIS OF 2 SETS OF AIR MONITORING SITES NEAR STRONG POINT
SOURCES OF LEAD. THE DATA COLLECTED IN THIS STUDY ARE PROBABLY TYPICAL
OF THE VARIATIONS OF A CONSERVATIVE (NON-REACT ING) CONTAMINANT, WHERE
THE MAJORITY OF THE EMISSIONS ARE COMING FROM A SINGLE LOCALIZED POINT
SOURCE, SUCH AS A FACTORY OR A DUMP. THIS PAPER WILL DEFINE THE
TERMINOLOGY USED AND WILL DESCRIBE THE DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
PROCEDURES USED IN DEVELOPING THE METHODOLOGY. IT WILL ALSO EXPLAIN
THE METHODOLOGY AND GIVE AN HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLE OF ITS USE.
OT OTHER
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
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TX0190011
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN FREEPORT AND
MANUEL. TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
SAMPLING & ANALYSIS DIVISION, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
08/31/87, 25 pages
SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED NEAR DOW CHEMICAL, BASF, AND GULF CHEMICAL AND
HETALLUGICAL IN FREEPORT, TEXAS AND NEAR KEESHAN AND BOST IN MANUEL,
TEXAS DURING ELEVEN CONSECUTIVE 12-HOUR SAMPLING PERIODS. TWENTY-SIX
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WERE MONITORED.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
100-41-4 ETHYL BENZENE
100-42-5 STYRENE
108-88-3 TOLUENE
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
141-32-2 BUTYLACRYLATE.N-
141-78-6 ETHYL ACETATE
25551-13-7 TRIMETHYLBENZENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2821 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND RESINS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
287 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
2873 NITROGENOUS FERTILIZERS
56-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE,1,1.1-
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
92-52-4 BIPHENYL
TX0190012
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS AT ALLENDALE SUBDIVISION
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JACKIE DURCHIN, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS DIVISION, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
06/30/87, 25 pages
THE ALLENDALE SUBDIVISION IN HOUSTON, TX IS ADJACENT TO THE PETROCHEM-
ICAL COMPLEX OF ARISTECH, TEXAS PETROCHEMICAL, GOODYEAR, AND DENKA
CHEMICAL CORPORATION. CITIZENS IN THE SUBDIVISION HAVE COMPAINED OF
ODORS AND EXPRESSED CONCERNS ABOUT HEALTH EFFECTS FROM THE EMISSIONS
FROM THE INDUSTRIES. THE TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
DIVISION HAS MONITORED THE AMBIENT AIR FOR CHLOROPRENE, DICHLORO-
BENZENE, AND XYLENES. SOME HIGH CONCENTRATIONS WERE DETECTED.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
100-42-5 STYRENE
106-99-0 BUTADIENE,1,3-
108-88-3 TOLUENE
11069-19-5 BUTENE, DICHLORO-
126-99-8 CHLOROBUTADIENE.2-,1,3-
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2822 SYNTHETIC RUBBER
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
71-43-2 BENZENF
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TX0190013
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF
AMERICAN CHROME AND CHEMICAL IN CORPUS CUR 1ST I, TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
NABI ZARR, SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS DIVISION
09/30/85, 15 pages
IN RESPONSE TO CITIZEN COMPLAINT, AMBIENT AIR WAS MONITORED FOR THREE
AND ONE-HALF DAYS UPWIND AND DOWNWIND OF AMERICAN CHROME AND CHEMICAL,
INC. IN CORPUS CHRISTI. TX. TOTAL CHROMIUM, CHROMIUM VI, SULFIDES AND
OTHER VOC'S WERE MONITORED BUT WERE NOT DETECTED IN CONCENTRATIONS
HIGH ENOUGH TO BE A HEALTH HAZARD.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
108-67-8 MESITYLENE
108-88-3 TOLUENE
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2816 INORGANIC PIGMENTS
71-43-2 BENZENE
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE.1,1,1-
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
TX0190014
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN TEXAS CITY. TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
SCOTT MGEBROFF, SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
07/31/86, 10 pages
IN RESPONSE TO ODOR COMPLAINTS, MONITORING WAS CONDUCTED DOWNWIND OF
A VARIETY OF INDUSTRIAL SOURCES IN TEXAS CITY INCLUDING THE TEXAS CITY
DOCKS, GULF COAST WASTE DISPOSAL AUTHORITY, AMOCO LAND FARM, TEXAS
CITY REFINERY , UNION CARBIDE, AND LOWERY TANK FARM. BENZENE, TOLUENE,
XYLENE, AND METHYLENE CHLORIDE WERE DETECTED AS WELL AS OTHER VOLATILE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE MEASURED CON-
CENTRATIONS IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH
EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
108-88-3 TOLUENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2821 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND RESINS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
42 TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
422 PUBLIC WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE
4226 SPECIAL WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE, NEC
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
71-43-2 BENZENE
75-09-2 METHYLENE CHLORIDE
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TX0190015
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN BROUNWOOD. TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
02/28/87, 9 pages
IN RESPONSE TO CITIZEN CONCERNS, AMBIENT MONITORING WAS CONDUCTED FOR
4 DAYS DOWNWIND OF 3M CORPORATION IN BROWNWOOD, TEXAS. XYLENE, ETHYL
ACETATE, METHYL ETHYL KETONE AND OTHER VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WERE
MONITORED. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS
IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
108-88-3 TOLUENE
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
U1-78-6 ETHYL ACETATE
26 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
267 MISC. CONVERTED PAPER PRODUCTS
2672 PAPER COATED AND LAMINATED, NEC
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE,1,1,1-
78-93-3 METHYL ETHYL KETONE
TX0190017
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN THE VICINITY OF
CHEMICAL RECLAMATION SERVICES, NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR, TRINITY
VALLEY IRON AND STEEL
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
SCOTT MGEBROFF, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS, TACB
03/31/86, 15 pages
SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED FOR IRON, COPPER, BARIUM, LEAD, ZIRCONIUM, MAN-
GANESE, ZINC, CHLORINE, AND A FEW ORGANICS. HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION
IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
108-88-3 TOLUENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
287 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
2879 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, NEC
289 MISCELLANEOUS CHEMICAL PRODUCTS
2899 CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS, NEC
33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
332 IRON AND STEEL FOUNDRIES
3321 GRAY AND DUCTILE IRON FOUNDRIES
36 ELECTRONIC & OTHER ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
367 ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES
3674 SEMICONDUCTORS AND RELATED DEVICES
7439-89-6 IRON POWDER
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
7439-96-5 MANGANESE
7440-39-3 BARIUM
7440-50-8 COPPER
7440-66-6 ZINC
7440-67-7 ZIRCONIUM
7782-50-5 CHLORINE
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TX0190018
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN PORT NECHES. TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
SCOTT HGEBROFF, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS DIVISION, TACB
04/30/86, 14 pages
IN RESPONSE TO CITIZEN CONCERNS, SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED FOR 11 CONSEC-
UTIVE 12-HOUR PERIODS IN THE VICINITY OF B.F. GOODRICH, SYNPOL, NECHES
BUTANE, TEXACO ASPHALT AND TEXACO/JEFFERSON CHEMICAL. STYRENE, METHYL*
-BUTYL ETHER, BENZENE, 1,3-BUTADIENE AND OTHER VOC'S WERE MONITORED. A
HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS IS AVAILABLE
AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOG STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
100-42-5 STYRENE
106-99-0 BUTADIENE.1.3-
108-88-3 TOLUENE
1634-04-4 ETHER, TERT-BUTYL METHYL
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2822 SYNTHETIC RUBBER
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
71-43-2 BENZENE
7783-06-4 HYDROGEN SULFIDE
TX0190019
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN TEXAS CITY, TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
SCOTT MGEBROFF, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS DIVISION, TACB
06/30/88, 15 pages
AMBIENT SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED IN THE VICINITY OF SEVERAL PETRO-
CHEMICAL FACILITIES IN TEXAS CITY. BENZENE AND SEVERAL OTHER VOLATILE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WERE MONITORED. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE
MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE
HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
100-41-4 ETHYL BENZENE
100-42-5 STYRENE
108-88-3 TOLUENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2821 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND RESINS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
42 TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
422 PUBLIC WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE
4226 SPECIAL WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE, NEC
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
71-43-2 BENZENE
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE,1,1,1-
91-20-3 NAPHTHALENE
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TXO190020
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR AT DOS RIOS, LEAN CREEK,
SALADO CREEK AND RILLING ROAD SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JAMES LINDGREN, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS DIVISION, TACB
08/31/88, 18 pages
IN RESPONSE TO CITIZEN CONCERNS ABOUT ODOR AND HEALTH EFFECTS, AMBIENT
MONITORING WAS CONDUCTED FOR 13 CONSECUTIVE 12-HOUR PERIODS. AMMONIA,
CHLORINE, HYDROGEN SULFIDE, AND SEVERAL VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
WERE MONITORED. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE MEASURED CONCENT-
RATIONS IS INCLUDED.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
108-88-3 TOLUENE
127-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
49 ELECTRIC. GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4952 SEWERAGE SYSTEMS
56-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
71-43-2 BENZENE
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE,1.1.1-
7664-41-7 AMMONIA
7782-50-5 CHLORINE
7783-06-4 HYDROGEN SULFIDE
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
TXO190021
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN ODESSA, TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JACKIE DURCHIN, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS DIVISION, TACB
12/31/88, 25 pages
IN RESPONSE TO CITIZEN CONCERNS, SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED DOWNWIND OF
CHAMPION CHEMICAL, EL PASO PRODUCTS, DYNAGEN, AND SHELL OIL IN ODESSA,
TEXAS. BENZENE, STYRENE, AND BUTADIENE WERE MEASURED IN HIGH CONCEN-
TRATIONS. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS
IS AVAILABLE FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
100-42-5 STYRENE
106-99-0 BUTADIENE.1,3-
108-88-3 TOLUENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2821 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND RESINS
2822 SYNTHETIC RUBBER
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
289 MISCELLANEOUS CHEMICAL PRODUCTS
2899 CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS, NEC
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
71-43-2 BENZENE
TX0190022
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS FOR STYRENE AT UNIVERSAL INDUSTRIES, MANOR,
TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
DAVID CARMICHAEL
04/30/89, 11 pages
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
100-42-5 STYRENE
30 RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
308 MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NEC
3089 PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NEC
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TX01900Z3
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF SOIL IN THE VICINITY OF AMERICAN CHROME
AND CHEMICAL IN CORPUS CHRIST I, TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
KEITH SHEEDY, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
07/31/89. 11 pages
SOIL SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED TO DOCUMENT THE LEVELS OF CHROMIUM IN THE
TOP 1/2 INCH OF SOIL AT SELECTED SITES IN THE VICINITY OF ACC. THE
HIGHEST CONCENTRATION DETECTED WAS 310 PPM. THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATION
OF CHROMIUM ON THE PREDOMINANT DOWNWIND SIDE WAS 172 PPM COMPARED TO
55 PPM ON THE PREDOMINANT UPWIND SIDE. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION
IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2816 INORGANIC PIGMENTS
7440-47-3 CHROMIUM
TX0190024
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF SOIL IN THE VICINITY OF ASARCO IN EL PASO
TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
DAVID CARMICHAEL, SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS, TACB
08/31/89, 10 pages
SOIL SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED TO DOCUMENT THE LEVELS OF ARSENIC IN THE
TOP 1/2-INCH OF SOIL AT SITES IN THE VICINITY OF ASARCO. THE HIGHEST
VALUE DETECTED WAS 1100 PPM. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION IS AVAILABLE
FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
333 PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS
3331 PRIMARY COPPER
3339 PRIMARY NONFERROUS METALS, NEC
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
TX0190025
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF THE SOIL IN THE VICINITY OF STANDARD
INDUSTRIES, BEXAR CO., TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
DAVID CARMICHAEL, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS
11/30/89, 12 pages
SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED TO DOCUMENT THE LEVELS OF LEAD IN THE TOP
1/2-INCH OF SOIL AT SELECTED SITES NEAR STANDARD INDUSTRIES. THE
HIGHES SINGLE VALUE WAS 400 PPM COMPARED TO AN AVERAGE BACKGROUND
LEVEL OF 26 PPM. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE MEASURED CONCENT-
RATIONS IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS
DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
36 ELECTRONIC & OTHER ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
369 MISC. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES
3691 STORAGE BATTERIES
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
TX0190026
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS! OF SOIL IN THE VICINITY OF GNB BATTERIES,
INC.
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
KEITH SHEEDY, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
12/31/89, 12 pages
SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED TO DOCUMENT THE LEVELS OF LEAD IN THE TOP 1/2-
INCH OF SOIL AT SELECTED SITES IN THE VICINITY OF GNB BATTERIES. THE
HIGHEST SINGLE VALUE DETECTED WAS 2700 PPM. THE AVERAGE LEAD CONCEN-
TRATION OF CULTIVATED SOIL WAS 161 PPM WHILE THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATION
OF UNCULTIVATED SOIL WAS 519 PPM. BACKGROUND SAMPLES AVERAGED 30 PPM.
A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE SAMPLE RESULTS IS AVAILABLE AS A
SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
OT OTHER
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
334 SECONDARY NONFERROUS METALS
3341 SECONDARY NONFERROUS METALS
7439-92-1 LEAD POWDER
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TX0190027
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN THE TIDAL ROAD AREA
OF HARRIS COUNTY, TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JIM LINDGREN, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
07/31/89, 24 pages
IN RESPONSE TO A REQUEST FROM EPA, SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED IN THE
VICINITY OF SHELL CHEMICAL, OCCIDENTAL, AND ROHM & HAAS IN THE TIDAL
ROAD AREA OF HARRIS COUNTY. TEN VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WERE
MONITORED. HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE WERE DETECTED.
A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS IS AVAIL-
ABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
106-89-8 EPICHLOROHYDRIN
107-06-2 ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE
108-95-2 PHENOL
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2821 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND RESINS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
56-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
67-66-3 CHLOROFORM
74-90-8 HYDROGEN CYANIDE
80-62-6 METHYL METHACRYLATE
TXO190028
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN THE HADEN ROAD AREA OF
HARRIS COUNTY
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JACKIE DURCHIN, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS DIVISION, TACB
09/30/89, 33 pages
IN RESPONSE TO A REQUEST FROM THE HOUSTON REGIONAL OFFICE, SAMPLING
WAS CONDUCTED FOR ELEVEN CONSECUTIVE 12-HOUR PERIODS. TWENTY-FOUR
ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS WERE MONITORED. A HELTH EFFECTS
EVALUATION OF THE SAMPLE RESULTS IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT
FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
100-42-5 STYRENE
108-10-1 METHYLPENTANONE,4-,2-
108-88-3 TOLUENE
108-90-7 MONOCHLOROBENZENE
118-74-1 HEXACHLOROBENZENE
1330-20-7 XYLENE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2821 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND RESINS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS. NEC
287 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
2879 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, NEC
56-23-5 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
71-43-2 BENZENE
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE,1,1,1-
74-93-1 METHANETHIOL
79-01-6 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
91-20-3 NAPHTHALENE
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SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN THE AREA OF PORT
NECHES, TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
MARK LEIDIG, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
11/30/89, 11 pages
IN RESPONSE TO CITIZEN CONCERNS, SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED DOWNWIND OF
AMERIPOL/SYNPOL AND TEXACO CHEMICAL IN PORT NECHES. HIGH CONCENTRA-
TIONS OF BENZENE, STYRENE, AND BUTADIENE WERE DETECTED. A HEALTH
EFFECTS EVALUATION OF THE SAMPLE RESULTS IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE
DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
100-42-5 STYRENE
106-99-0 BUTADIENE,1,3-
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
282 PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETICS
2822 SYNTHETIC RUBBER
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
71-43-2 BENZENE
TXO190030
SAMPLING ANALYSIS OF THE AMBIENT AIR IN THE VICINTIY OF BREMOND
COTTON GIN
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
HENRY KRAUSS, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
12/31/89, 6 pages
IN RESPONSE TO A COMPLAINT BY A RESIDENT OF BREMOND, TEXAS, PARTICU-
LATE SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED UPWIND AND DOWNWIND OF THE BREMOND COTTON
GIN. PM10, TSP, AND ARSENIC WERE MONITORED. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUA-
TION OF THE SAMPLE RESULTS IS AVAILABLE AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM
THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
07 AGRICULTURAL SERVICES
072 CROP SERVICES
0724 COTTON GINNING
7440-38-2 ARSENIC AND COMPOUNDS AS AS
TX019016
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURE WAREHOUSE, ENNIS, TEXAS
TX AIR CONTROL BOARD
JACKIE DURCHIN, SAMPLING & ANALYSIS DIVISION, TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
03/31/87, 18 pages
IN RESPONSE TO CITIZEN COMPLAINTS PROPERTY LINE SAMPLING WAS CONDUCTED
FOR 5 DAYS AT THE AGRICULTURE WAREHOUSE, INC. IN ENNIS, TEXAS. METHYL
PARATHION WAS MONITORED. A HEALTH EFFECTS EVALUATION IS AVAILABLE AS A
SEPARATE DOCUMENT FROM THE HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION.
AM AMBIENT MONITORING
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
SA SOURCE ASSESSMENT
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
TX01 TEXAS AIR CONTROL BOARD
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
287 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
2879 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, NEC
298-00-0 METHYL PARATHION
VA0185001
EMISSION STANDARDS FOR NON-CRITERIA POLLUTANTS
RULE 4-3, EXISTING SOURCES; RULE 5-3 NEW SOURCES
VA DEPARTMENT OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
01/01/85, 8 pages
EACH RULE DEFINES NON-CRITERIA POLLUTANT, FIXES TLVS AS 1988-89 ACGIH
RATES OF EMISSION AS A FUNCTION OF TLV.
RR REGULATIONS OR RULES
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
VA01 VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
WA02-PSAPCA-5
WASTE OIL SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PROCEDURES
PUGET SOUND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AGENCY
PUGET SOUND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AGENCY
12/01/85, 10 pages
THIS DOCUMENT IS THE ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING IF LIQUID
FUEL IS WASTE OIL. THE PROCEEDURES ARE USED TO ENFORCE SECTION 9.08
OF REGULATION I.
SS SOURCE SAMPLING
STATE/LOC STATE OR LOCAL AGENCY
WA02 PUGET SOUND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AGENCY
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49 FR 50U6 12-26-84
National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants Review and
Proposed Revision of the Standards for Mercury from Mercury-Cell
Chlor-Alkali Plants, Sludge Incineration and Drying Plants, and
Mercury Ore Processing Facilities
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, OAQPS
Abstract: Review and proposed rule. This notice summarizes the
information gathered during the review of the mercury NESHAP and
proposes the addition of monitoring and reporting requirements to the
standard for mercury-cell chlor-alkali plants. It also proposes to
allow the owner or operator of an affected facility 15 days to verify
the validity of source test data prior to reporting the results to the
Administrator.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
10 METAL MINING
109 MISCELLANEOUS METAL ORES
1099 METAL ORES, NEC
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7439-97-6 MERCURY
52 FR 16982 05-06-87
Burning of Hazardous Waste in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces
EPA, Washington, DC, OSU
Abstract: Proposed rule. Under this proposal, the EPA would expand
controls on hazardous waste combustion to regulate the burning of
hazardous waste fuels in boilers and industrial furnaces. These
devices have been exempt from regulation pending Agency efforts to
determine whether regulations for burning in them should differ from
those for incineration in light of the different scope of practices
and the different combustion devices and wastes involved. The
Agency has completed those efforts and proposes to control emissions
of toxic organic compounds, toxic metals, and hydrogen chloride from
boilers and industrial furnaces burning hazardous waste. This
proposal would subject owners and operators of these devices to the
general facility standards applicable to hazardous waste treatment,
storage, and disposal facilities. This proposal would subject
hazardous waste fuel storage units at burner facilities to Part 264
permit standards. This rule also proposes action on two petitions.
Based on a petition by Dow Chemical Corp., the Agency is proposing to
classify halogen acid furnances and industrial furnances under
S. 260.16. Based on a petition by the American Iron and Steel Inst.,
EPA is proposing to classify coke and coal tar fuels produced by re-
cycling coal tar decanter sludge, as products rather than solid waste.
CL-HAZWAST HAZARDOUS WASTES
CL-METAL METALLIC COMPOUNDS
CL-ORGANIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7647-01-0 HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
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52 FR 47032 12-11-87
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Polypropylene,
Polyethylene, Polystyrene, and Poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Manufacturing Industry
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC
Abstract: Extension of public comment period. The end of the public
comment period has been extended 60 days for the proposed national
emission standards for volatile organic compounds from certain polymer
manufacturing plants in response to a request from the Chemical Manu-
facturers Association (CMA). This request expressed the need for add-
itional time to analyze more fully the effect of the proposed stand-
ards on certain polymer manufacturing processes that CMA claims are
not clearly represented by any one of the polymer categories for which
regulations have been proposed.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEU SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
25038-59-9 POLY (OXYETHYLENE OXYTEREPHTHALOYL)
25322-69-4 POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL
30 RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
308 MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NEC
308 MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NEC
9002-88-4 POLYETHYLENE
9003-53-6 STYRENE. POLYMERS
54 FR 01606 01-13-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Industrial-
Commercial- Institutional Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Proposed revision of rule. On 11-25-86, standards of
performance were promulgated limiting emissions of particulate matter
(PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from industrial-commercial-
institutional steam generating units with heat input capacities
greater than 29 MU (100 million Btu/hour) (51 FR 42768). Petitions
for reconsideration of the NOx standards were submitted by the Utility
Air Regulatory Group (UARG) and owners of the William H. Zimmer
Generating Station, which presented information pertaining to steam
generating units that operate at very low annual capacity factors.
Consideration of these data and information has led to this proposal
to establish revised NOx performance testing and monitoring
requirements for steam generating units with heat input capacities of
greater than 73 MW (250 million Btu/hour) that fire natural gas,
distillate oil, and low nitrogen residual oil and that operate at very
low annual capacity factors (i.e., less than 10 percent). In
addition, this proposal would also exempt steam generating units with
heat input capacities of less than 73 MU that fire natural gas,
distillate oil, and low nitrogen residual oil and that operate at very
low annual capacity factors (i.e., less than 10 percent) from the NOx
standards and performance testing and monitoring requirements.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEU SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
49 ELECTRIC. GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
491 ELECTRIC SERVICES
4911 ELECTRIC SERVICES
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54 FR 06850 02-14-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Revisions to
Rubber Tire Manufacturing Industry
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC. ESD
Abstract: Proposed rule and public hearing; petition for
reconsideration. On 9-15-87 (52 FR 34868), EPA promulgated standards
of performance for the rubber tire manufacturing industry.
Subsequently, the Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA) filed a
petition for reconsideration with EPA. Both RMA and Firestone Tire
and Rubber Co. filed petitions for review of the Adminitrator's
decision with the DC Circuit, and Michelin Tire Corp. filed a motion
for leave to intervene in the review of the promulgated standards.
The petitioners requested review of (1) changes in cutoffs between
proposal and promulgation; (2) potential expansion in the coverage of
the regulation; (3) requirements for determining capture efficiency
using a temporary enclosure; and (4) requirements for monthly tests
for green tire sprays containing low quantities of volatile
organic compounds (VOC's). The EPA has evaluated the
and the Administrator grants the petitioners' requests for revision of
the existing NSPS for the rubber tire manufacturing industry with
regard to items (1), (3), and (4), but denies petitioners' requests
for revision of the NSPS relating to coverage of the NSPS, item (2).
This action provides EPA's responses to petitioners' requests, with
resulting minor proposed revisions to the NSPS set forth.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
30 RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
301 TIRES AND INNER TUBES
3011 TIRES AND INNER TUBES
54 FR 08570 03-01-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, TSD
Abstract: Proposed rule and notice of public hearing. The purpose of
this proposed rule is five-fold: (1) require (as opposed to being an
option) the monitoring of sulfur dioxide (S02) in gases discharged
into the atmosphere from the combustion of fuel gases or, as an
alternative, the monitoring of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in fuel gases;
(2) delete the mention of controlling S02 after combustion of fuel
gases; (3) delete the monitoring requirement of H2S in gases
discharged into the atmosphere from Claus sulfur recovery plants, but
require the monitoring of total reduced sulfur (TRS) compounds using
TRS continuous emission monitoring systems (CEM's) or S02 CEM's after
oxidizing the TRS compounds to S02; (4) add Performance Specification
(PS) 7 for H2S CEM's to Appendix B of this part; and (5) clarify
ambiguities in the existing regulations. All affected fuel gas
combustion devices and Claus plants in petroleum refineries subject to
Subpart J of 40 CFR Part 60 will be required to install and operate
CEM's within 1 year of the promulgation date. These monitoring
requirements are not new, but previous H2S and TRS CEM's installations
were contingent upon the Agency's promulgation of PS's.
CL-TRS
EPA
FR
NSPS
28
281
2819
29
291
2911
7446-09
7783-06
TOTAL REDUCED SULFUR
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NEU SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM REFINING
PETROLEUM REFINING
SULFUR DIOXIDE
HYDROGEN SULFIDE
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54 FR 09386 03-06-89
Proposed Amendments to the Guidelines for the Health Assessment of
Suspect Developmental Toxicants
EPA, Washington, DC, OHEA
Abstract: Request for comments on the proposed amendments to the
guidelines for the Health Assessment of Suspect Developmental
Toxicants. The EPA is proposing amendments to the Guidelines for the
Health Assessment of Suspect Developmental Toxicants that were issued
9-24-86 (51 FR 34028-34040). These proposed amendments are intended
to expand Agency guidance on the analysis of developmental toxicity
data in accordance with appropriate scientific standards and with the
policies and procedures established in the statutes administered by
the EPA. The proposed amendments were developed as part of an
interoffice guidelines development program under the auspicies of the
Agency's Risk Assessment Forum. The proposed amendments are based,
in part, on recommendations developed in scientific workshops.
CL-VARIOUS VARIOUS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
HA HEALTH ASSESSMENT
54 FR 09612 03-07-89
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Regulation
of Radionuclides
EPA, Washington, DC, ORP
Abstract: Proposed rule and notice of public hearing. On 12-8-87,
the DC Circuit Court granted EPA's motion for a voluntary remand of
all radionuclide National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants (NESHAPs) and decision not to regulate certain categories
of radionuclide emissions that had been challenged in petitions for
review (EOF v. EPA). The Court ordered EPA to propose its regulatory
decisions for all radionuclide source categories within 180 days and
to finalize them within 360 days. On 3-17-88, the Court modified the
order to require EPA to propose regulatory decisions by 2-28-89 and
take final action by 3-31-89. This notice presents the
Administrator's reexamination of regulatory decisions and issues
associated with the use of Section 112 of the Clean Air Act to control
the emission of radionuclides from the following source categories:
DOE Facilities, Licensees of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and
Non-DOE Federal Facilities, Uranium Fuel Cycle Facilities, Elemental
Phosphorus Plants, Coal-Fired Boilers, High-level Nuclear Waste
Disposal Facilities, Phosphogypsum Stacks, Underground and Surface
Uranium Mines, and Licensed and Inactive Uranium Mill Tailings Piles.
It proposes 4 policy alternatives that could be used in setting
NESHAP's following the DC Circuit's decision in NRDC v. EPA.
CL-RAD RADIATION
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
10 METAL MINING
109 MISCELLANEOUS METAL ORES
1094 URANIUM-RADIUM-VANADIUM ORES
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7440-61-1 URANIUM
7723-14-0 PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW)
96 ADMINISTRATION OF ECONOMIC PROGRAMS
963 REGULATION. ADMIN. OF UTILITIES
9631 REGULATION, ADMIN. OF UTILITIES
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54 FR 13384 04-03-89
Review of Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Coal
Preparation Plants
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Review of standards. The EPA is required by the Clean Air
Act to review standards of performance for new, modified, or
reconstructed stationary sources every 4 years. A second review of
the existing new source performance standards (NSPS) for coal
preparation plants (40 CFR Part 60, Subpart Y) has been completed to
determine if changes are needed. The Agency has concluded that no
revision to the standards is appropriate at this time.
CL-PM PARTICIPATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
12 COAL MINING
122 BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING
1221 BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE-SURFACE
123 ANTHRACITE MINING
1231 ANTHRACITE MINING
54 FR 24792 06-09-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Small Industrial-
Commercial- Institutional Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Proposed rule and notice of public hearing. This proposal
would add Subpart DC to 40 CFR Part 60. Subpart DC would apply
standards limiting emissions of sulfur dioxide (S02), particulate
matter (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) to new, modified, or
reconstructed smalI industrial-commercial-institutional steam
generating units with a maximum design capacity of 29 MW (100 million
Btu/hour) heat input or less, but greater than or equal to 2.9 Mw
(10 million Btu/hour) heat input. The proposed standards implement
section 111 of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and are based on the
determination that emissions from small industrial-commercial-
institutional steam generating units cause, or contribute
significantly to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to
endanger public health or welfare. The intent of the proposed
standards is to require new, modified, and reconstructed small
industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating units to control
emissions to the level achievable by the best demonstrated
technological system of continuous emission reduction, considering
costs, nonair quality health and environmental impacts, and energy
requirements.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
491 ELECTRIC SERVICES
4911 ELECTRIC SERVICES
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
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54 FR 25458 06-15-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Surface Coating
of Plastic Parts for Business Machines; Clarification
EPA. Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Final rule, clarification. This notice clarifies a final
rule on standards of performance for new stationary sources for
surface coating of plastic parts for business machines which appeared
on 1-29-88 (53 FR 2676). This action is necessary in order to
clarify that electromagnetic interference and radio frequency
interference (EMI/RFI) shielding coatings that are applied to the
surface of plastic business machine parts to attenuate EMI/RFI
signals were intended to be exempt from the regulation.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
35 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
357 COMPUTER AND OFFICE EQUIPMENT
3571 ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS
3572 COMPUTER STORAGE DEVICES
3575 COMPUTER TERMINALS
3577 COMPUTER PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT, NEC
3578 CALCULATING AND ACCOUNTING EQUIPMENT
3579 OFFICE MACHINES, NEC
54 FR 28447 07-06-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Industrial-
Conmercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Proposed revision of rule. On December 16, 1987, standards
of performance were promulgated (i.e., Subpart Db under 40 CFR Part 60
60) limiting emissions of sulfur dioxide (S02) and particulate matter
(PM from oil-fired industrial-commercial-institutional steam
generating units with heat input capacities greater than 29 MW (100
million Btu/hour) (52 FR 47826). This proposal would amend the S02
and PM emission limits included in these standards for oil-fired
steam generating units by (1) increasing the S02 emission limit for
very low sulfur oils exempt from the S02 percent reduction requirement
from 130 ng/J (0.3 Ib S02/million Btu) to 215 ng/J (0.5 Ib S02/million
Btu), and (2) deleting the PM emission limit of 43 ng/J (0.10 Ib
PM/million Btu) for units which fire very low sulfur oils. This
action is being taken to correct the present regulations.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEU SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
491 ELECTRIC SERVICES
4911 ELECTRIC SERVICES
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
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54 FR 32972 08-11-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources: Volatile
Organic Liquid Storage Vessels (Including Petroleum Liquid Storage
Vessels); Correction and Clarification
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, BSD
Abstract: Final rule; correction and clarification. This notice
clarifies and corrects several aspects of the new source performance
standards for volatile organic liquid (VOL) storage vessels
(including petroleum liquid storage vessels) Subpart Kb which was
promulgated April 8, 1987 (52 FR 1K20).
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
285 PAINTS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
51 WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
516 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
5169 CHEMICALS & ALLIED PRODUCTS, NEC
517 PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
5171 PETROLEUM BULK STATIONS & TERMINALS
5172 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, NEC
54 FR 34008 08-17-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Fluid Catalytic
Cracking Unit Regenerators
EPA. Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Final rule. Standards of performance to limit sulfur oxide
(SOx) emissions from new, modified, and reconstructed fluid catalytic
cracking unit (FCCU) regenerators were proposed on 1-17-84 (49 FR
2058). Revisions to the proposed standards were proposed on 11-8-85
(50 FR 46464). This action promulgates these standards of performance
for FCCU regenerators. These standards implement Section 111 of the
Clean Air Act and are based on the Administrator's determination that
emissions from petroleum refineries cause, or contribute significantly
to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger
public health or welfare. The intended effect of these standards is
to require all new, modified, and reconstructed FCCU regenerators to
achieve emission levels that reflect the best demonstrated system of
continuous emission reduction considering costs, non-air quality
health, and environmental and energy impacts. The standards define an
FCCU to include fluidized bed treatment processes requiring the
continuous regeneration of catalyst or contact materials by burning
off coke and other deposits. New, modified, and reconstructed process
units fitting this definition would be required to achieve the FCCU
carbon monoxide (CO), particulate, and opacity standards in 40 CFR
Part 60, Subpart J, and the SOx standards promulgated in this notice.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
7446-11-9 SULFUR TRIOXIDE
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54 FR 37534 09-11-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Polymeric
Costing of Supporting Substrates
EPA, Research Park, MC, ESD
Abstract: Final rule. Standards of performance for new, modified,
and reconstructed facilities that perform polymeric coating of
supporting substrates were proposed in the Federal Register on April
30, 1987 (52 FR 15906). This action promulgates final standards for
this industry. These standards implement Section 111 of the Clean Air
Act and are based on the Administrator's determination that emissions
from the industrial surface coating of fabric cause, or contribute
significantly to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated
to endanger public health or welfare. The intended effect of these
standards is to require all new, modified, and reconstructed
facilities that perform polymeric costing of supporting substrates to
control emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) to the level
achievable by the best demonstrated system of continuous emission
reduction, considering costs, nonair quality health and environmental
impacts, and energy requirements.
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
22 TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
229 MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE GOODS
2295 COATED FABRICS, NOT RUBBERIZED
54 FR 38044 09-14-89
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Benzene
Emissions from Maleic Anhydride Plants, Ethylbenzene/Styrene Plants,
Benzene Storage Vessels, Benzene Equipment Leaks, and Coke By-Product
Recovery Plants
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Final rule. On 7-28-88 (53 FR 28496), EPA proposed 4
policy approaches that could be used in setting national emission
standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) under Section 112 of
the Clean Air Act (CAA), and that would be consistent with the court's
decision in VINYL CHLORIDE (Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v.
EPA, 824 F.2d at 1146(1987)). The proposal included the application
of each of the policy approaches to the 4 benzene source categories in
the remand, plus an additional category, coke by-product recovery
plants. This notice announces the EPA's final decision on the policy
approach for setting NESHAP that is consistent with the requirements
of VINYL CHLORIDE. This notice also promulgates final rules under
Section 112 for benzene emissions from coke by-product recovery plants
(40 CFR part 61 subpart L) and benzene storage vessels (40 CFR part 61
subpart Y); and it presents the EPA's final decisions to require no
additional control of benzene equipment leaks beyond the requirements
of 40 CFR 61 subpart J, and not to regulate benzene emissions from
ethylbenzene/styrene and maleic anhydride process vents. This notice
also responds to comments on the the proposed policy approaches and
the standards proposed under each approach. Correction made at 54 FR
50887, 12-11-89.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
100-41-4 ETHYL BENZENE
100-42-5 STYRENE
108-31-6 MALEIC ANHYDRIDE
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
331 BLAST FURNACE AND BASIC STEEL PRODUCTS
3312 BLAST FURNACES AND STEEL MILLS
71-43-2 BENZENE
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54 FR 38083 09-H-89
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Benzene
Emissions from Chemical Manufacturing Process Vents, Industrial
Solvent Use, Benzene Waste Operations, Benzene Transfer Operations,
and Gasoline Marketing System
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Proposed rule and notice of public hearing. On February
7, 1989, as a result of a petition filed by the Natural Resources
Defense Council, et al., the DC Circuit Court ordered EPA either to
propose regulations establishing standards for emissions of benzene
from several source categories or publish a notice of intention not
to regulate by August 5, 1989. The court subsequently issued an
amended order extending the deadline until August 31, 1989. This
notice proposes national emission standards for hazardous air
pollutants (NESHAP) limiting emissions of benzene from the following
source categories: industrial solvent use, benzene waste operations,
benzene transfer operations, and the gasoline marketing system. This
notice also proposes not to regulate the chemical manufacturing
process vent surce category. These actions are being proposed under
Section 11Z of the Clean Air Act. Corrections are made at 54 FR 40779
(10-3-89) and 54 FR 41113 (10-5-89).
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
28 CHEMICALS AMD ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2865 CYCLIC CRUDES AND INTERMEDIATES
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
331 BLAST FURNACE AND BASIC STEEL PRODUCTS
3312 BLAST FURNACES AND STEEL MILLS
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
51 WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
517 PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
5171 PETROLEUM BULK STATIONS & TERMINALS
5172 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, NEC
71-43-2 BENZENE
8006-61-9 GASOLINE
54 FR 38634 09-19-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Revisions to
Rubber Tire Manufacturing Industry
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Final rule and petition for reconsideration. On 2-14-89
(54 FR 6850), EPA proposed minor revisions to standards of performance
for the rubber tire manufacturing industry. The revisions to the new
source performance standards (NSPS) were proposed as a result of a
petition for reconsideration of the NSPS filed by the Rubber
Manufacturers Association (RMA), et al. This action promulgates
final revisions to the NSPS. The effect of this action is to grant
the petitioners' requests for revision of: (1) changes in cutoff
formats between proposal and promulgation; (2) requirements for
determining capture efficiency using a temporary enclosure; and
(3) requirements for monthly tests for green tire sprays containing
low quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOC's).
CL-VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
30 RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
301 TIRES AND INNER TUBES
3011 TIRES AND INNER TUBES
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54 FR 38938 09-21-89
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Revisions to
Vinyl Chloride; Equipment Leaks of Volatile Hazardous Air Pollutants
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Proposed rule and public hearing; petition for
reconsideration. On 11-26-86, the Society of the Plastics Industry,
Inc. (SPI) filed with EPA a petition for stay of enforcement and
administrative reconsideration of 7 provisions in the final rule
revising the national emission standard for VC (9-30-86, 51 FR 34904).
The SPI and 3 manufacturers concurrently filed a petition for review
of the revisions to the VC standard with the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the DC Circuit. The petitioners requested review of several
definitions, the scope of the relief valve discharge provisions, and
the leak detection and elimination provisions (area monitoring). The
EPA has evaluated the petitions, and the Administrator proposes to
grant the petitioners' request for clarification of certain of these
provisions. Minor revisions are being proposed to correct ambiguities
in several definitions and in the applicabiity of certain regulatory
requirements in the VC standards. The proposed revisions would not
increase the emissions (and the associated health risks) allowed by
the standards as promulgated in Sept. 1986. No changes, however, will
be made with regard to area monitoring requirements or the relief
valve discharge standard. This action provides EPA's responses to
petitioners' requests and the resulting minor proposed revisions.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
75-01-4 VINYL CHLORIDE
54 FR 43718 10-26-89
Burning of Hazardous Waste in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces
EPA, Washington, DC, OSW
Abstract: Supplement to proposed rule. On May 6, 1987 (52 FR 16982),
EPA proposed rules to control the burning of hazardous waste in
boilers and industrial furnances. Those rules would control emissions
of products of incomplete combustion (PIC's), toxic metals, and
hydrogen chloride (HCl) as well as require a 99.99% destruction and
removal efficiency for hazardous organic constituents in the waste.
EPA has received substantial comments on the proposed rules, and as a
result, is considering alternative approaches to several provisions of
the proposed rule. The Agency is also considering issuance of a
proposal to amend the hazardous waste incinerator standards to make
those rules consistent with these proposed standards. The purpose of
this notice is to request comment on alternate approaches to address
the following issues: control of CO, metals, HCl, and particulate
emissions, the small quantity burner exemption, the definition of
waste that is indigenous when burned to reclamation (e.g., of metal
values), revisions to the proposed definition of halogen acid
furnaces, applicability of the metals and organic emissions controls
to smelting furnaces involved in materials recovery, and the status
under the Bevill amendment of residues from burning hazardous waste.
CL-HAZWAST HAZARDOUS WASTES
CL-METAL METALLIC COMPOUNDS
CL-ORGAN 1C ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
7647-01-0 HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
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54 FR 51423 12-15-89
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Benzene
Emissions from Benzene Waste Operations
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Proposed rule; clarification. On September 14. 1989 (54 FR
38044), EPA proposed national emission standards for hazardous air
pollutants (NESHAP) limiting emissions of benzene from chemical
manufacturing process vents, industrial solvent use, transfer
operations, gasoline marketing, and waste operations. That action was
proposed under Section 112 of the Clean Act Act. Numerous public
comments were received during the comment period requesting
clarification on the industry categories to be covered by the proposed
waste operation rule. The public comment period ended on November 13,
1989. This notice clarifies EPA's intent on coverage under the
proposed NESHAP for benzene waste operations. The proposed rule is
intended to apply only to benzene waste from chemical plants,
petroleum refineries, coke by-product recovery plants, and commercial
hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. Coverage
of these industry categories is consistent with the background
information used as the basis for the proposed rule (refer to Docket
No. A-89-06).
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
286 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS
2869 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
291 PETROLEUM REFINING
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
331 BLAST FURNACE AND BASIC STEEL PRODUCTS
3312 BLAST FURNACES AND STEEL MILLS
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
71-43-2 BENZENE
54 FR 51654 12-15-89
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants:
Radionuclides
Washington, D.C., ORP
Abstract: Final rule and notice of reconsideration. This final rule
announces the Administrator's final decisions on National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP's) under Section 112 of
the Clean Air Act for emissions of radionuclides from the following
source categories: DOE Facilities, Licensees of the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission and Non-DOE Federal Facilities, Uranium Fuel
Cycle Facilities, Elemental Phosphorus Plants, Coal-Fired Boilers,
High-level Nuclear Waste Disposal Facilities, Phosphogypsum tacks.
Underground and Surface Uranium Mines, and the operation and disposal
of Uranium Mill Tailings Piles. The final rule also responds to the
major public comments on the March 7, 1989 proposed decisions for
these categories (54 FR 9612). EPA is conducting this rulemaking
pursuant to a voluntary remand and a schedule issued by the U.S. Court
of Appeals for the DC Circuit which requires final action by October
31, 1989. In addition, EPA is granting a reconsideration of the
standards of 40 CFR part 61, subpart I concerning emissions from
facilities licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, with
respect to the issues of duplicative regulation and possible effects
on medical treatment. Correction made at 55 FR 78 (1-2-90).
CL-RAD RADIATION
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NESHAP NAT'L EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
10 METAL MINING
109 MISCELLANEOUS METAL ORES
1094 URANIUM-RADIUM-VANADIUM ORES
28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
281 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS
2819 INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC CHEMICALS, NEC
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
7440-61-1 URANIUM
7723-14-0 PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW)
96 ADMINISTRATION OF ECONOMIC PROGRAMS
963 REGULATION, ADMIN. OF UTILITIES
9631 REGULATION, ADMIN. OF UTILITIES
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54 FR 51818 12-18-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Industrial-
Commercial -I nsti tut ional Steam Generating Units
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Final rule. This final rule adopts amendments to the
sulfur dioxide (S02) and particulate matter (PM) emission standards
for oil-fired industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating
units with heat input capacities greater than 29 MU (100 million Btu/
hour). These amendments, which were proposed on 7-6-89 (54 FR 28447),
(1) revise the definition of very low sulfur oil, and (2) delete the
PM emission limit of 43 ng/J (0.10 Ib/million Btu) heat input for
units that fire very low sulfur oils. No objections were raised
concerning these proposed amendments during the public comment period.
In response to suggestions made by the commenters, two minor changes
are being incorporated to clarify the amendments. These amendments,
therefore, are being promulgated basically as proposed.
CL-PM PARTICULATE MATTER
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
54 FR 52188 12-20-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; State Plans for
Designated Facilities
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Final rule. On April 20, 1988 (53 FR 12962), EPA
proposed to amend the existing requirement in 40 CFR 60.22(a) to allow
a draft or final emission guideline document to be published pursuant
to Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act at the same time as standards
of performance for similar new sources are proposed or promulgated
pursuant to Section 111(b). This action promulgates this amendment.
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
54 FR 52209 12-20-89
Emission Guidelines: Municipal Waste Combustors
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Proposed guidelines and notice of public hearing. This
notice proposes emission guidelines and compliance schedules for use
by States in developing State regulations to control emissions from
existing municipal waste combustors (MWC's). The proposed emission
guidelines implement Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and are
based on the Administrator's determination that MWC emissions cause,
or contribute significantly to, air pollution which may reasonably
be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. The intent of
the proposed emission guidelines is to initiate State action to
develop State regulations controlling MWC emissions from existing
MWC's to the level achievable by applying the best demonstrated
system of continuous emission reduction, considering costs, nonair
quality health and environmental impacts, and energy requirements.
CL-DIOXIN DIOXINS
CL-FURAN FURANS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
RDG REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT GUIDANCE
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
495 SANITARY SERVICES
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
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54 FR 52251 12-20-89
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Municipal Waste
Combustors
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, ESD
Abstract: Proposed rule and notice of public hearing. This proposal
would add Subpart Ea to 40 CFR part 60. Subpart Ea would limit
emissions from new, modified, and reconstructed municipal waste
combustors (MWC's). The proposed standards implement Section 111(b)
of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and are based on the Administrator's
determinations that emissions from HWC's cause, or contribute
significantly to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to
endanger public health or welfare. The intent of the proposed
standards is to require new MWC's to control emissions to the level
achievable by applying the best demonstrated system of continuous
emission reduction, considering costs, nonair quality health and
environmental impacts, and energy requirements.
CL-DIOXIM OIOXINS
CL-FURAN FURANS
EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
FR FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES
NSPS NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARD
11104-93-1 NITROGEN OXIDES
V 49 ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
vj> 495 SANITARY SERVICES
00 4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
7446-09-5 SULFUR DIOXIDE
7647-01-0 HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
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APPENDIX A
INDEX TO NATIONAL AIR TOXICS INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE
NEWSLETTER: DECEMBER 1983 THROUGH MAY 1990
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ABOUT THE NEWSLETTERS
The National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse Newsletter is
published by the Clearinghouse to inform interested persons of current
activities related to toxic air pollutants. To be placed on the mailing list,
contact the Clearinghouse staff at (919) 541-0850 or (FTS) 629-0850.
HOW TO USE THIS INDEX
Alphabetically arranged key word headings (in boldface type) are
followed by a subheading describing the context in which the key word appears
in the indexed Newsletter article. The title of the article itself is not
given since, for example, an article on California's process of identifying
and controlling toxic air pollutants might discuss at length, or, at the other
end of the scale, briefly mention, a good many topics of interest to
Newsletter readers. Both broad topics of discussion and brief mentions of an
item are indexed for the sake of completeness.
The subentry is followed in turn by a locator consisting of the
Newsletter month and year plus page number on which the information may be
found. Subsequent references to the key word in other Newsletters are
separated by semi-colons and have their own subentry phrases as necessary.
Thus, the entry, Acetaldehvde. tells the reader that he may find that
substance referred to in the context of California's air toxics identification
and control process on page 5 of the December 1984 Newsletter. The second
locator tells the reader that further information on acetaldehyde in the same
context (in this case, California revised the list mentioned in the
December 1984 article) may be found on page 6 of the May 1985 issue.
A-l
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AALs: See Ambient levels, acceptable
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI): Jan 1988, 5; compared to RfDs, July 1988,
6-7
Accidental releases: and Houston regional monitoring program, Mar 1988, 10;
Houston program and, May 1988, 4; Massachusetts air toxics provisions
for, Jan 1989, 2; New Jersey proposes rule to cover, Mar 1988, 6-7;
possible TDI releases studied by CTC, June 1987, 4-5; symposium held on,
Dec 1986, 11; TACB permit review and, Jan 1988, 2-3; traininq course to
prevent, Mar 1987, 5
Acetaldehyde: May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Acetone: May 1990, 5, 6; and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec
1985, 4; May 1988, 5
ACGIH-TLV: hazardous substances, workplace exposure guidelines for,
Sept 1986, 3; and KFEJ,, Jan 1988, 6; and Maine's air toxics control
program, Dec 1983 (7) ; and Massachusetts air toxics control program,
Sept 1984, 5; and NESCAUM regional strategy to control
perch!oroethylene, Dec 1985, 6-7; not used in Kentucky regulation,
May 1988, 2; and Ohio interim air toxics policy, Mar 1987, 3; for urea,
Nov 1988, 5; use of factored TLV in regulating air toxics, Mar 1987, 4;
used in Mississippi permit review program, Dec 1986, 5; used by New York
in methylene chloride limits, Sept 1989, 4-5; used in Virginia
regulation, Dec 1989, 4; and Wisconsin's air toxics program, Sept 1986,
3; and Virginia Air Pollution Control Board rules, Dec 1984, 5-6
Acid gases: as products of resource recovery facilities, Mar 1986, 8-9
Acid scrubbing: tested in hospital sterilizers, May 1988, 9-10
Acrolein: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; May 1988, 5
Acrylic fibers: and EPA prototype scheme for handling, Sept 1984, 3
Acrylonitrile: May 1990, 8; and EPA report on locating and estimating
emissions of, Dec 1985, 11; EPA-sponsored workshop on, June 1986, 11;
regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10; and California
Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984,
5; May 1985, 6; EPA prototype scheme for handling, Sept 1984, 3; EPA
report on, July 1984, 6; Ohio evaluation of, Mar 1987, 2; State/local
option to evaluate prior to regulation, Dec 1984, 8-9; TACB reviews
sources of, Jan 1988, 3
j«
The first issue of the Newsletter did not have page numbers. The numbers
in parentheses are assigned by order as though pages had been numbered.
A-2
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Actionable levels: and drafting carcinogen policy, Dec 1983 (6)
Acute Hazards List: and EPA's air toxics strategy, Aug 1985, 5-6
Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS): introduced by EPA,
Jan 1989, 9-10; 13
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR): releases
toxicological profile, July 1989, 10-11
Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory (AEERL): Jan 1988, 8;
functions of, February 1985, 2-3; issues hazardous air pollutant report,
Sept 1986, 11
Air Pathway Analysis (APA): May 1988, 7; conducted at Superfund hazardous
waste sites, Nov 1988, 8
Air Pollution Control Association (APCA), annual meeting of: abstracts of
papers, Sept 1984, 6-7; specialty conference on toxic air pollutants
(announced), Aug 1985, 9; and new air toxics committee, Aug 1985, 9
Air pollutants, hazardous: See Air pollutants, toxic
Air pollutants, toxic: See also entries under individual States; air
species manual available, Nov 1988, 9-10; and air stripping of VOCs
during groundwater clean up, Dec 1985, 2-3; air toxics program
development guidance available (report), Mar 1986, 6; and new APCA
committee, Aug 1985, 9; benzene as, Feb 1984, 2, 3; California to
compile list of, July 1988, 5-6; California rule on permits,
carcinogens, Mar 1989, 5-7; deleted from Kentucky regulation, May 1988,
2; rulemaking on benzene, Sept 1984, 9; and CAA reauthorization,
Apr 1984, 3-4; and California Air Resources Board list of, May 1985, 6;
California agency program to reduce, Dec 1986, 3-4; California agency's
study of in-car exposure described, June 1987, 3; California rule
governing, Mar 1988, 2, 4-5; and cancer, Apr 1984, 6; May 1985, 2-3; and
Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program (CEPP), June 1986, 2-4;
Connecticut's regulation to control, Sept 1986, 4; list of chemicals and
their regulatory status, Dec 1985, 10; defined, Dec 1983 (1)*; defined
by Louisiana regulation, Dec 1989, 2; development of State and local
control programs for, Dec 1983 (4)*; developing standards for, Dec 1983
(4-5)*; emissions data requested by EPA, Mar 1987, 11-12; and emissions
inventory procedures, Mar 1986, 11; EPA/AEERL report on, Sept 1986, 11;
EPA control technology center (CTC) instituted, Dec 1986, 2; EPA
encourages control of, Jan 1989, 3-6; EPA evaluates health risks of,
Sept 1988, 5-6; and EPA meeting with industry leaders, May 1990, 9; and
EPA prototype scheme for handling high individual risk/low national
incidence, Sept 1984, 3; EPA reports on, Sept 1984, 2; Dec 1986, 10;
Nov 1987, 8-9; Jan 1989, 13; EPA/OAQPS screening study to monitor,
Dec 1986, 10; and EPA Six Months Study, Apr 1984, 4-5; and EPA strategy
to control, Aug 1985, 3-5; Sept 1987, 8-9; and EPA strategy to control
both routine and accidental releases, Aug 1985, 5-7; June 1986, 2-4;
A-3
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A1r pollutants, toxic (continued): June 1986, 8-10; and Harvard School of
Public Health project, May 1985, 7; hazardous air pollutant
prioritization system (HAPPS), Feb 1984, 5; Indiana prepares regulation,
May 1990, 1, 8; information on through NATICH/TRIS link, Dec 1989, 1-2;
integrated approaches to control of, Dec 1983 (5)*; integrated approach
to control of, Feb 1984, 4; Kentucky regulation of, May 1988, 2-3;
Louisiana program on, Dec 1989, 2-3; link with cancer studied, Nov 1988
9; and list of current projects on, May 1985, 2; list of hazardous air
pollutants under proposed Clean Air Act revisions, May 1990, 10; and
Maine air toxics inventory, Sept 1984, 4; Maryland adopts comprehensive
regulations for, Jan 1989, 10-12; Maryland agency divides into two
classes, Sept 1987, 4; MYDP, permit review support evaluated by EPA,
Mar 1987, 11; Massachusetts monitoring of, Jan 1989, 2-3; and
Massachusetts program, Sept 1984, 5; Michigan establishes health-based
program to address, May 1990, 6-7; nonaccidental releases of, Nov 1987
10; noncarcinogenic, Dec 1984, 2; North Carolina reviews list of for
regulation, Mar 1987, 4; and ozone attainment, Nov 1987, 4-5; and
proposed standards on radionuclides, Dec 1984, 7-8; NATICH report on
State/local air toxics agency activities, Dec 1984, 1; Nebraska
regulation convering, Sept 1989, 2-3; and NESCAUM control policy
guideline, Dec 1983 (6)*; and NESCAUM regional strategy for
perchloroethylene, Dec 1985, 6-7; and New York toxic air contaminant
stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7-8; North Carolina adopts new
regulation, Mar 1990, 1-2; and OAQPS development of residential wood
combustion NSPS, May 1985, 3-5; OAQPS reports on, Jan 1988, 10-11; model
for dispersion and transformation, Jan 1988, 8; as products of resource
recovery facilities, Mar 1986, 8-9; and Puget Sound asbestos regulation,
Mar 1986, 8; and source sampling methods, Feb 1984, 6; RAPCA emissions
data base described, June 1987, 10; Region 6 accidental release program,
June 1986, 4-5; research needs highlighted, Jan 1988, 7-8; Rhode Island
program to monitor solvents in ambient air, Mar 1987, 5-6; and
State/local air pollution control agencies, Sept 1984, 3; June 1986, 8-
10; STAPPA/ALAPCO conference on, Dec 1985, 8-9; Sept 1986, 10;
STAPPA/ALAPCO policy on, Feb 1985, 4-5; STAPPA/ALAPCO nationwide survey
on, Feb 1984, 6; STAPPA/ALAPCO survey of strategies on, Nov 1988, 9-10;
State control programs for; Toxic Air Monitoring System (TAMS) set up by
EPA, Apr 1984, 7; and TAMS data base, Mar 1986, 10; May 1985, 7;
training course to prevent accidental releases of, Mar 1987, 5;
vegetation damage from, Feb 1985, 4; Vermont regulations on, July 1989,
3-4; and Virginia State Air Pollution Control Board rules, Dec 1984, 5-
6; Washington State proposes regulation to limit woodstove emissions,
June 1987, 6-7; Wisconsin program on, Sept 1986, 2-4
Air RISC: function of Nov 1988, 4-5; introduction of, July 1988, 4-5;
issues risk assessment glossary, Sept 1989, 10; presents workshop on
risk assessment, Mar 1989, 5; July 1989, 11; recent services
highlighted, Jan 1989, 9; May 1990, 3-4; services of, July 1988, 4-5;
testifies in Virginia carbon disulfide case, Dec 1989, 5
A-4
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A1r stripping: EPA issues directive on use of, Dec 1989, 9; report on
published by CTC, June 1987, 5; technical guidance for prepared by CTC,
Mar 1988, 9; and vacuum extraction, Jan 1990, 10; and VOCs during
groundwater cleanup, Dec 1985, 2-3
A1r toxics control: environmental group/industry views on, Dec 1983 (4)*;
Federal/State/local role in, Dec 1983 (4)*; and federal grant support
program for, Aug 1984, 4-5; and NATICH data base contents, June 1986, 1-
2; and Region 6 inspection program, June 1986, 4-5
Air toxics control management: California agency proposes chromium rule,
Mar 1988, 4-5; coordinators attend retreats to share ideas, Jan 1990, 3;
and EPA Strategy to control both routine and accidental releases,
June 1986, 8-10; Maryland's department of the environment described,
Sept 1987, 3-4; Monterey Bay agency described, Mar 1988, 2-4; new
Mississippi permit review program outlined, Dec 1986, 5; Ohio Division
of Air Pollution Control Management described, Mar 1987, 2; Ontario's
assessment and, Mar 1988, 7; relation of ozone attainment policy to,
Nov 1987, 4-5; South Coast Air Quality Management district described,
June 1987, 2-3; South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources
described, Nov 1987, 3; STAPPA/ALAPCO conference on, Sept 1986, 10; and
State integration, July 1984, 2; 1983 workshop on, Feb 1984, 3-5;
workshops for State and local agencies on, Dec 1986, 2
Air Toxics Exposure and Risk Information System (ATERIS): May 1990, 1
Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse: See NATICH
Air toxics programs: "model" State, Aug 1985, 3; and MYDPs, Sept 1987,
13-14
Air toxics regulatory process: overview of, Feb 1984, 5
Alaska: analyzes wood smoke, Nov 1987, 3-4; urea dust in, Nov 1988, 4-5
Alkenes: and IARC evaluation of wood smoke photo-oxidation products,
June 1986, 5
Allyl chloride: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; listed as Extraordinarily
Hazardous Substance in New Jersey, Sept 1986, 5
Ambient air: California agency's monitoring program for, June 1987, 3;
characterization of, Feb 1984, 4; monitoring studies of, Feb 1984, 4;
sampling of in Alaska, Nov 1987, 3-4; standards for and South Dakota air
toxics program, Nov 1987, 3; State ambient air quality standards
(AAQSs), Sept 1986, 4; TAC emissions limits for defined by California
rule, Mar 1988, 3-4
A-5
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LI *T!ilf « S6P™Jle (AAtS): 2-3; ^formation in NATICH data base,
July 1989, 1; Maryland regulation requirements for, Jan 1989, 11-12; and
Massachusetts' air toxics control program, Sept 1984, 5; Massachusetts
sets method to derive, Jan 1990, 4; and New York's toxic air contaminant
M^rAuS"65?"16?1 Pr?9ram> Au? 19Q5> 7; NATICH report on, May 1985, 2;
S! MC°n?aSi P?11^ 9u1de ine' Dec 1983 (6)*; sampled in IACP Boise .
study, May 1988, 6; TACB monitoring of, Jan 1988, 3; topic at
STAPPA/ALAPCO conference, Dec 1984, 2; used in New York's research
n™?ry stack emissions assessment program, Sept 1986, 8; used by
PSAPCA to rank risks, July 1988, 2; Wisconsin definitions of, Sept 1986,
«3 ~ *r
Ambient monitoring: Florida seeking information on, Dec 1986 11- Houston
program and, May 1988, 4; information in NATICH data base, July, 1-2-
Kentucky's plan for described, May 1988, 3
American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists: See AC6IH
Ammonia: Nebraska investigates emission impacts of, Sept 1989, 3; removed
;««« « of hazardous air pollutants in proposed Clean Air Act, May
1990, 9; toxicity of, Nov 1988, 5 y
Ammonium sulfate: measurement of in IACP project to identify airborne
carcinogens, Mar 1986, 7
APCA: See Air Pollution Control Association
Anthropogenic emissions: NAPAP prepares inventory of data, May 1989, 9-10
Aniline emissions: and damage to vegetation, Feb 1985, 4
Area sources: and cancer risk, Jan 1989, 4; CTC studies regulation of,
TnP J™?'_,5; def1ned under Proposed Clean Air Act amendments, Mar 1990,
10; OAQPS document on estimating emissions from, Sept 1989, 9-10
Aromatics: and IARC evaluation of wood smoke photo-oxidation products
June 1986, 5 '
Arsenic: Dec 1986, 10; Jan 1989, 4; Jan 1990, 7; Mar 1990, 7; May 1990, 5 6-
and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control
Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; and EPA rulemaking on, Sept 1984, 9;
as contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984, 2-3; and New York's
toxic air contaminant stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; Ohio
evaluation of, Mar 1987, 2; TACB reviews sources of, Jan 1988, 3
Arsine: Sept 1988, 4
A-6
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Asbestos: Jan 1989, 4; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; model
inspection program nears completion, Mar 1987, 10-11; NESHAP enforcement
in California, June 1987, 2-3; Ohio NESHAP enforcement, Mar 1987, 2;
Puget Sound Air Pollution Control Agency regulation adopted on,
Mar 1986, 8
Ash: as product of resource recovery facilities, Mar 1986, 8-9; sampled at
city incinerator, Sept 1986, 9
Association of Local Air Pollution Control Officers (ALAPCO): See
STAPPA/ALAPCO
Atmospheric deposition: subject of Puget Sound Study, Dec 1989, 3-4
Atmospheric dispersion modeling: Jan 1990, 7
Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory (ASRL): Jan 1988, 8
Automated Woodstove Emissions Sampler (AWES): Dec 1986, 9
Automobiles: California standards for, Mar 1990, 3, 4
Automobile refinishing: Sept 1988, 4
Averaging times: and NESCAUM control policy guideline, Dec 1983 (6)*
BACT: Sept 1988, 3, 13; Jan 1989, 5; Mar 1990, 6; applied to municipal
waste incinerators, Sept 1987, 9; BACT/LAER Clearinghouse, Jan 1989, 6;
and California's air toxics control program, Dec 1983,(7)*; California
agency rule defines, Mar 1988, 3; and Michigan's air toxics control
program, Feb 1984, 4; NESCAUM adopts guideline for, Jan 1989, 6-7;
specified in Kentucky regulation, May 1988, 3; cited in California rule
on carcinogens, Mar 1989, 6-7; evaluated for New York film manufacturing
facility, Sept 1989, 4-5; required by Indiana regulation, May 1990, 1,
8; T-BACT required in California proposed rule, June 1987, 2; T-BACT
required in Maryland's proposed air toxics regulations, Sept 1987, 3;
Jan 1989, 11; Texas Air Control Board program, Jan 1988, 2-4; and
Wisconsin's hazardous air pollutant program, Sept 1986, 3
Benzene: May 1989, 9; July 1989, 7, 9; May 1990, 5, 6, 8; and California Air
Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5;
May 1985, 6; carcinogenicity of emissions, Feb 1984, 3; CAA Section 112
ruling on, Feb 1984, 2; as contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984,
2-3; EPA publishes report on, May 1988, 10-11; and EPA/IEMD ambient
monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6; EPA/OAQPS report on emissions of,
Mar 1988, 11; and EPA rulemaking on three source categories, Sept 1984,
9; EPA rules to reduce emissions of, Dec 1989, 11; four approaches for
NESHAP outlined, Sept 1988, 9-11; health impacts assessed in gasoline
study, Dec 1989, 6-8; Indiana rule to reduce emissions of, May 1990, 8;
A-7
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Benzene (continued): and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985,
4; and fugitive emissions at petroleum refineries/chemical manufacturing
plants, Feb 1984, 2; NESHAP specifications for, Sept 1987, 12
Benzene storage and transfer: as benzene emissions source, Sept 1988, 10;
EPA rulemaking on, Sept 1984, 9; EPA rules on emissions from, Dec 1989,
11; and CAA rulemaking, Feb 1984, 2
Benzene waste operations: EPA proposes regulation of benzene from, Dec
1989, 11
Benzo(a)pyrene: Dec 1986, 10; July 1988, 2, 3; Jan 1989, 9; Mar 1990, 7; May
1990, 8; as emission from residential wood combustion devices, May 1985,
3-5; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program,
Aug 1985, 7; study of, Sept 1984, 2
Benzoic acid: May 1990, 5, 6; use of residue for fuel, Jan 1988, 4
Benzyl chloride: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification
and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Beryllium: July 1989, 10; May 1990, 5, 6; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985,
6; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program,
Aug 1985, 7
Best Available Control Technology. See BACT
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate: May 1990, 5
Boilers: Jan 1988, 4
Bromine: listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous Substance in New Jersey,
Sept 1986, 5
Bromodichloromethane: May 1990, 5
"Brown Cloud" study: conducted in Denver, Jan 1990, 2, 11
Burden of proof: and drafting carcinogen policy, Dec 1983 (6)*
Butadiene, 1,3-: Sept 1987, 12; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act,
Dec 1985, 10; OAQPS publishes emission report on, Jan 1990, 1
Butyl benzylphthalate: May 1990, 5
Cadmium: Sept 1987, 8; Dec 1986, 10; Jan 1990, 7; Mar 1990, 7; May 1990, 5,
6; as contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984, 2-3; and California
Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984,
5; May 1985, 6; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment
A-8
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Cadmium (continued): program, Aug 1985, 7; regulatory status of under Clean
Air Act, Dec 1985, 10; as product of resource recovery facilities,
Mar 1986, 8-9
California: See also CARB; air toxics control program case study, Feb 1984,
4; air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (4)*; CAPCOA publishes manual on
source assessment, Dec 1986, 4; CARB prepares regulation for "hot
spots," Mar 1990, 2, 3, 10; co-sponsors municipal waste combustion
workshop, Mar 1987, 8; develops noncancer risk assessment, Jan 1990, 5-
6; initiates "hot spots" information program, July 1988, 5-6; local
agency program to reduce toxic air contamination risk, Dec 1986, 3-4;
proposed carcinogen policy of, Dec 1983 (5)*; spotlight on Monterey Bay
Unified Air Pollution Control District, Mar 1988, 2-4; spotlight on
South Coast Air Quality Management District, June 1987, 2-3; SCAQMD
develops rule covering permits, carcinogens, Mar 1989, 5-7
California Air Resources Board (CARB): contaminant identification and
control process, Dec 1984, 3-5; establishes rule covering permits,
carcinogens, Mar 1989, 5-7; and new public information program,
July 1988, 5-6; prepares regulation for "hot spots," Mar 1990, 2, 3, 10;
and prioritized list of potential toxic air contaminants, May 1985, 6;
California Department of Health Services: California site mitigation (toxic
clean up) document prepared by, Mar 1986, 6
Canada: Region V conducts transboundary project with, May 1989, 5-6
Cancer, risk of: See also Carcinogens; associated with urban air toxics,
Sept 1987, 7; as basis for permit application review, Dec 1986, 5; from
benzene emissions, Dec 1989, 11; Chicago risk assessment and, Mar 1989,
10-11; covered in Massachusetts AAS, Jan 1990, 4; effects of gasoline
vapors on, Dec 1989, 6-8; EPA issues report on, May 1989, 10; and EPA's
six-month study, Jan 1989, 7; how determined in Mississippi permit
review program, Dec 1986, 5; information on 205 facilities posing
greatest risk, May 1990, 1, 2, 9; link with air toxics studied,
Nov 1988, 9; mentioned in Maine radon study, June 1987, 7; NPPB issues
document on, Sept 1989, 10; proposed regulation to TSDFs to remove, July
1989, 10; and radon emissions from uranium in soil, Mar 1986, 3-5;
reduced by control of air strippers, Dec 1989, 9; reduced by control of
PM and VOC, Nov 1987, 5; related to point and area sources, Jan 1989, 4;
and relationship to toxic air pollutants, May 1985, 2-3; Vermont
regulates compounds that contribute to, July 1989, 3
Carbon adsorption: as VOC control technology, Dec 1985, 3
Carbon dioxide: and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment
program, Aug 1985, 7; as product of resource recovery facilities,
Mar 1986, 8-9
Carbon disulfide: May 1989, 9; May 1990, 5; emissions level violates Virginia
regulation, Dec 1989, 4-5
A-9
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Carbon-14: as tracer for wood smoke, Mar 1986, 7; Nov 1988, 3-4
Carbon monoxide: Dec 1986, 8; and New York's toxic air contaminant
stack assessment program. Aug 1985, 7; as emission from residential
wood combustion devices, May 1985, 4-5; and NESCAUM automobile emission
standards, Mar 1990, 3,4; as product of resource recovery facilities,
Mar 1986, 8-9; and wood heater NSPS, Dec 1986, 7
Carbon tetrachloride: Sept 1987, 12; Mar 1989, 11; July 1989, 7,9; May 1990,
8; as contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984, 2-3; and California
Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984,
5; May 1985, 6; and EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6;
EPA reports on, July 1984, 6; Dec 1985, 11; link to ozone depletion, May
1989, 7-8; and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4;
regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Carbonyls: measured in Boise, May 1988, 4-5
Carcinogenic Assessment Group (CAG): Jan 1988, 9
Carcinogens: See also Cancer, risk of; IRIS; Mutagens; and air pollution,
report on, Apr 1984, 6; and benzene emissions, Feb 1984, 3; Dec 1989, 6-8;
California agency's proposed rule on new source review, June 1987, 2; and
California Air Resources Board Contaminant Identification and Control Process,
Dec 1984, 3-5; and California proposed policy on, Dec 1983 (5)*; California
rule covers permits and, Mar 1989, 5-7; considered in NESCAUM
perchloroethylene document, Sept 1986, 11; and EPA air toxics strategy,
Aug 1985, 3-5; and EPA air toxics strategy, June 1986, 8; and EPA emissions
inventories, June 1986, 10; EPA risk assessment guidelines available on,
July 1988, 11; and EPA Six Months Study, Apr 1984, 4-5; epidemiological
investigations encouraged by California agency's air toxics program, Dec 1986,
4; in halogenated solvents releases, Nov 1987, 7-8; hazardous air pollutants
listed by ACGIH, Sept 1986, 3-4; how treated in Maryland air toxics
regulations, Sept 1987, 4; how treated in Mississippi permit review program,
Dec 1986, 5; incinerator emissions and, Sept 1986, 9; and IACP evaluation of
wood smoke photo-oxidation products, June 1986, 5-6; inhaled gasoline vapor
as, Sept 1984, 9; intervention defined with respect to control of., Dec 1983
(5-6)*; and International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) list of,
Dec 1983 (6)*; and IACP field studies, Dec 1985, 5-6; IACP project to identify
airborne, Mar 1986, 7; measured in IACP Roanoke Study, Jan 1990, 7-8; measured
in IACP sugar beet study, May 1988, 4-5; measured in IACP study of woodstoves,
Dec 1986, 9-10; method to assess as toxic air pollutant, Mar 1987, 4; NATICH
report on risk assessment for, Mar 1987, 1; New Jersey program to control
emissions of, July 1989, 7; PCD-dioxins as, Sept 1986, 8; Philadelphia air
toxics control program lists, July 1989, 9; and proposed standards on
radionuclides, Dec 1984, 7-8; and results of Chicago emissions inventory,
Mar 1987, 7; risk from in Kansas air toxics strategy, Jan 1988, 7; risk
assessment document released, Jan 1990, 9;
A-10
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Carcinogens (continued): treated in California's rule on toxic air
contaminants, Mar 1988, 3; and STAPPA/ALAPCO policy on hazardous air
pollutants, Feb 1985, 4-5; and toxic air pollutants, Sept 1984, 2-3; and
toxic air pollutants, June 1986, 1; residential wood combustion
emissions, Feb 1985, 3; May 1985, 3-5; Nov 1987, 3-4; and VOCs,
Dec 1984, 3; Dec 1985, 3
Catalytic oxidation: tested in hospital sterilizers, May 1988, 9-10
CDDs/CDFs: See Dioxins, Dibenzofurans
Centers for Disease Control (CDC): Sept 1986, 9
Chamber studies: used in indoor air emission evaluations, Mar 1989, 8
Chattanooga-Hamilton County APCB: cobalt oxide permitting proceeding,
Jan 1988, 4-6
Chemical Activities Status (CAS): report (1982), July 1984, 3
Chemical Coordination Publications List: abstracts from, July 1984, 2-4
Chemical designation: and statutes, July 1984, 3
Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program (CEPP): Dec 1985, 8-9; contents of,
June 1986, 2-4; and hotline, Dec 1985, 11; June 1986, 3; related to SARA
Title III, Dec 1986, 6
Chemical industry: fugitive emissions from, Jan 1990, 2-3; and hazardous
organic NESHAP, Sept 1987, 12; New Jersey's chemical accident prevention
legislation and, Sept 1986, 5-6; Mar 1988, 7; New Source Performance
Standards (NSPS) for, Dec 1985, 8; and Region 6 accidental release
inspection program, June 1986, 4-5; symposium held on accident
prevention for, Dec 1986, 11
Chemical Information Resource Handbook: publication of by EPA, Feb 1984, 8
Chemical Manufacturers Association: Community Awareness and Emergency
Program of (CAEP), June 1986, 3
Chemical manufacturing plants: benzene fugitive emissions from,
Feb 1984, 2; as source of toxic air pollutants causing vegetation
damage, Feb 1985, 4
Chemical selection methods: bibliography of, July 1984, 3
Chemicals, listed: and EPA air toxics strategy, Aug 1985, 5-7; Dec 1985, 11
A-ll
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Chemicals, toxic: directory of coordinating groups, July 1984, 3; EPA risk
assessment guidelines available on mixtures of, July 1988, 11; list of
included in Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program (CEPP), June 1986,
3; methodology to evaluate genetic activity developed, July 1988, 8-9
Chlordane: Sept 1989, 7
Chlorinated solvents: Sept 1988, 4; work group examines exposure to,
Nov 1987, 7-8
Chlorine: Jan 1989, 4; listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous Substance in New
Jersey, Sept 1986, 5
Chlorobenzene: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; EPA draft source/emission
factor report on, Dec 1984, 9; OAQPS publishes new document on,
Dec 1986, 10; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Chloroethane: and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): alternatives to, May 1989, 8; link to ozone
studied, May 1989, 7-8; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act,
Dec 1985, 10; Vermont regulation covers, July 1989, 11
Chloroform: Sept 1987, 12; Jan 1989, 7, 8; July 1989, 7, 9, 10; May 1990, 5,
8; as contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984, 2-3; and California
Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984,
5; May 1985, 6; and EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6;
EPA report on, July 1984, 6; Dec 1985, 11; and Michigan's use of air
stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4; regulatory status of under Clean Air
Act, Dec 1985, 10
Chloroprene: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; regulatory status of under
Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Chrome plating: covered by California air toxics rule, Mar 1988, 5
Chromium: Sept 1987, 8; Dec 1986, 10; July 1988, 2; Jan 1989, 4; Mar 1989,
11; Sept 1989, 9; Jan 1990, 7; Mar 1990, 7; May 1990, 5, 6; as
contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984, 2-3; and California Air
Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5;
May 1985, 6; EPA proposes ban on cooling tower use, May 1988, 9; EPA
report on locating and estimating emissions of, Dec 1985, 11; as product
of resource recovery facilities, Mar 1986, 8-9; EPA source/emission
factor report on, Dec 1984, 9; and New York's toxic air contaminant
stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; regulatory status of under Clean
Air Act, Dec 1985, 10; rule proposed by California agency, Mar 1988, 4-
5; TACB reviews sources of, Jan 1988, 3
A-12
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Chrysenes: and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program,
Aug 1985, 7
Clean A1r Act (CAA): effectiveness of, according to House/Senate committee
members, Dec 1983 (5)*; and EPA decisions on trichloroethylene and
perchloroethylene, Mar 1986, 9; and EPA air toxics strategy, Aug 1985,
3-5; and EPA arsenic rulemaking, Sept 1984, 9; and benzene rulemaking,
Feb 1984, 2; Sept 1984, 9; and EPA prototype scheme for handling toxic
air pollutants. Sept 1984, 3-4; and EPA report assessing toxic air
pollutants, Sept 1984, 2-3; language from used in Louisiana regulation,
Dec 1989, 2; and proposed standards on radionuclides, Dec 1984, 7-8;
reauthorization of, Apr 1984, 3-4; revisions to proposed, Sept 1989, 3-
4; Mar 1990, 5, 10, 11; May 1990, 7, 8, 10, 11; Section 105 grants and
co-control, Jan 1989, 4; Section 110 and NAAQS attainment, Nov 1987, 4-
5; Section 111 invoked in regulation of municipal waste combustion
emissions, Sept 1987, 9; Section 112, and intent-to-list, June 1986, 1;
Section 114 leters sent to facilities in cancer risk update, May 1990,
2; and Six Months Study, Apr 1984, 4-5; and STAPPA/ALAPCO conference on
air toxics, Dec 1985, 8-9; and STAPPA/ALAPCO policy on hazardous air
pollutants, Feb 1985, 4-5; and list of toxic air pollutants and their
regulatory status, Dec 1985, 10; Wisconsin's new definition of
"hazardous air contaminant" augments CAA definition of, Sept 1986, 3-4
Cleanups, toxic: California "decision tree" document on, Mar 1986, 6
Closed system engineering: and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 4
Coal and oil combustion: Sept 1989, 9
Coalition of Northeastern Governors (CONEG): conducts woodstove study,
Dec 1986, 8; conducts woodstove study, Dec 1986, 8; prepares report on
woodstove emissions, Jan 1988, 11
Cobalt oxide: Chattanooga-Hamilton County permitting proceeding on,
Jan 1988, 4-6
Co-control of pollutant emissions: defined, Jan 1989, 3-6
Coke oven emissions: Sept 1988, 10; Mar 1989, 10; May 1990, 8; health effects
of, Jan 1989, 9; Indiana rule to reduce, May 1990, 8; recovery plants
and benzene, Feb 1984, 2; reductions called for under benzene rule, Dec
1989, 11; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Combustion: EPA air toxics strategy and incomplete combustion, Aug 1985,
3-5; EPA report on hospital incinerators, Nov 1987, 5-6; IARC study of
woodstove emissions described, June 1987, 10; of municipal waste,
workshop on, Mar 1987, 8
A-13
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Combustion, residential wood-fired: Sept 1989, 7; and Denver "Brown Cloud"
study, Jan 1990, 11; and emission of carcinogens from, May 1985 2-3-
and IACP field studies, Dec 1985, 5-7; Sept 1989, 5; and OAQPS
development of NSPS on, May 1985, 3-5; Aspen, CO, regulation on
June 1986, 7-8; regulation adopted in Puget Sound to control emissions
from, March 1990, 6; sampling methods for, Sept 1988, 11-12; studied by
IACP, Nov 1988, 3-4 J
Combustion sources: National Tier 4 dioxin study and, Nov 1987 8-
Nov 1988, 3 ' '
Community Right-to-Know provisions: under SARA Title III. See SARA
Title III
Compliance Data System (CDS): introduced by EPA, Jan 1989, 9-10
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
(CERCLA): Apr 1984, 3; Dec 1989, 9; Reportable Quantity Provisions in
June 1986, 3; July 1989, 10-11; Region 6 inspection program and,
June 1986, 5
Connecticut: air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (7)*; develops MWC test
protocol, Mar 1988, 9; regulation to control toxic air pollutants
described, Sept 1986, 4-5
Consent decree: issued in Philadelphia incinerator testing, Sept 1986, 9
Consumer products: OAQPS begins study of, Jan 1990, 8
Contingency Preparedness Plans: and EPA air toxics strategy, Aug 1985, 6
Control of Air Toxics (CAT): CTC/AEERL can now use in modeling
Sept 1989, 9
Control Programs Development Division (CPDD): and State/local air pollution
control agencies, June 1986, 9-10
Control technology: AEERL research on, Feb 1985, 2-3; California agency
rule defines, Mar 1988, 3; carbon adsorption as, Dec 1985, 3; for chrome
plating industry, Mar 1988, 5; cost of, Dec 1985, 3; evaluated for
Denver's "Brown Cloud" study, Jan 1990, 2, 11; evaluating alternatives
under NESCAUM guideline, Jan 1989, 6-7; under hazardous organic NESHAP,
Sept 1987, 12; for hospital incinerators, Nov 1987, 6; and indoor radon
levels, Mar 1986, 3-5; limits of New Jersey approach to, July 1989, 6;
STAPPA/ALAPCO finds need for information on, Dec 1989, 10; workshop on
Mar 1988, 11
Control Technology Center (CTC): Jan 1988, 9; develops permit review
software, May 1988, 8; described, Dec 1986, 2-3; June 1987, 4-5;
Mar 1988, 8-9; functions of, Nov 1988, 8; May 1989, 6-7; issues air
A-14
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Control Technology Center (CTC) (continued): toxics reports, Dec 1989, 5-6;
new computer models described Sept 1989, 9; program growth described,
Sept 1988, 4-5
Cooling towers, comfort: Jan 1989, 4; EPA proposes chromium ban in,
May 1988, 9
Copper: May 1990, 5, 6
Copper smelters, primary: as inorganic arsenic emissions sources,
Sept 1984, 9
Cotton gins: as inorganic arsenic emissions sources, Sept 1984, 9
Cresol: May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification
and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Criteria pollutants: Florida seeking information on ambient monitoring of,
Dec 1986, 11; defined, Dec 1983 (1)*; included in Connecticut air toxics
regulation, Sept 1986, 4; New Jersey bases air toxics program on, July
1989, 6-7
Criteria pollutants: New Jersey bases air toxics program on, July 1989, 6-7
Data LOG'r™: Dec 1986, 9
Degreaslng: Sept 1988, 3; Rhode Island regulation of, Mar 1987, 6; work
group examines solvent exposure on, Nov 1987, 7-8
Delaware: joins air management association, May 1990, 2
Denver: "Brown Cloud" study released, Jan 1990, 2, 11
Deposition analysis: May 1989, 6
Dialkyl nitrosamines: and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Dibenzofurans: in city incinerator ESP, Sept 1986, 9; effects of in Ohio
study, Nov 1988, 2-3; and hospital incinerators, Nov 1987, 5-6
Dibromochloromethane: May 1990, 5
Dibromochloropropane: July 1988, 8
Dichlorobenzene, 0-: May 1990, 8
Dichlorobenzene, p-: and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Dichlorodlphenyltrichloroethane (DDT): Mar 1990, 7
A-15
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Dichlorobenzene 1,4-: July 1989, 10
D1chlorodlfluoromethane: and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs,
Dec 1985, 4
Dlchloroethane, 1,1-: May 1990, 5; and Michigan's use of air stripping of
VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
Dlchloroethane, 1,2-: See Ethylene dichloride
Dlchloroethylene, 1,1-: May 1990, 5
Dichloroethylene, 1,2-trans-: May 1990, 5
Dichloromethane: See Methylene chloride
Dichloropropane, 1,2-: and EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring program,
Apr 1984, 5-6
Dieldrln: March 1990, 7
Dlethylether: and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
D1ethylphthalate: May 1990, 5, 6
D1-N-butylphthalate: May 1990, 5
Di-N-octylphthalate: May 1990, 5, 6
Dloxane, 1,4-: July 1989, 7; May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Dloxlns: See also PCDDs, Sept 1987, 9; in city incinerator ESP, Sept 1986,
9; and combustion source study, July 1984, 7; effects of in Ohio study,
Nov 1988, 2-3; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment
program, Aug 1985, 7; EPA national strategy on, Apr 1984, 2-3; and
hospital incinerators, Nov 1987, 5-6; National Tier 4 study results,
Nov 1987, 8; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10;
testing for at incinerator, Sept 1986, 8-9
D1phenylth1ourea (DPT), emissions of: and damage to vegetation, Feb 1985, 4
Dispersion calculations: used in study of emissions from chemical plant,
Feb 1985, 4
Dispersion models: May 1989, 6; carried out in Chicago cancer risk
assessment, Mar 1989, 10-11; evaluation of performance of, Apr 1984, 5;
improvements suggested, Jan 1988, 8; Kentucky regulation requires,
May 1988, 3; Philadelphia uses to predict ground level concentration,
July 1989, 9; PIPQUIC used in executing, July 1989, 4; predicted ambient
A-16
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Dispersion models (continued): concentrations in Kansas, Jan 1988, 6-7; and
risk assessment/management, Feb 1984, 2; role in Wisconsin air toxics
program, Sept 1986, 3-4; used in Ontario, Mar 1988, 7; used in New
York's calculations of PCD-dioxin levels, Sept 1986, 8; used in Ohio
sampling study, Nov 1988, 2-3
District of Columbia: joins air management association, May 1990, 2
Dry cleaning: Sept 1988, 3; Florida regulation of facilities described,
Mar 1987, 3; work group examines solvent exposure in, Nov 1987, 7-8
Emergency response programs: California agency's emergency response team
described, June 1987, 2-3; and Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program
(CEPP), June 1986, 2-4; commission (ERC) required by SARA Title III,
Dec 1986, 6; National Governors' Association report on, Sept 1987, 14;
and SARA Title III, Dec 1986, 5-6; South Carolina agency program
described, Sept 1987, 5
Emission control: under national standards, July 1989, 9-10; and NESCAUM
control policy guideline, Dec 1983 (6)*
Emission factors: compiled for air toxics by OAQPS, Jan 1989, 14; developed
for benzene, Jan 1990, 1; development called for by States, Jan 1988, 7;
for fugitive emissions, Jan 1990, 2-3; included in CARB technical
guidance manual, Mar 1990, 10
Emission limitations: and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 4; EPA/OAQPS documents on,
Nov 1987, 8-9; as specified under the hazardous organic NESHAP,
Sept 1987, 12; topic at STAPPA/ALAPCO conference, Dec 1984, 2
Emission Measurement Technical Information Center (EMTIC): established by
EPA, Mar 1989, 7
Emissions, air: licenses for, Dec 1983 (7)*; STAPPA/ALAPCO finds need for
information on, Dec 1989, 10
Emissions estimation: covered in CAPCOA source assessment manual, Dec 1986,
3
Emissions, fugitive: and California agency rule, Mar 1988, 2; of toxic
chemicals from equipment leaks, Jan 1990, 2-3
Emissions, hospital incinerator: Nov 1987, 5-6
Emissions inventories: May 1989, 6; California agency's compilation of
described, Mar 1987, 3; California establishes program for, July 1988,
5-6; conducted in Chicago cancer risk assessment, Mar 1989, 10;
conducted in South Dakota to begin air toxics program development,
Nov 1987, 3; conducted in urban air toxics programs, Sept 1987, 7; EPA
compilation of, Mar 1987, 11-12; June 1986, 10; EPA surveys Chicago
A-17
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Emissions inventories (continued): area, Nov 1987, 6-7; EPA/OAQPS publishes
document on, Dec 1986, 10; information in NATICH data 9-10; and NATICH
data base contents, June 1986, 1-2; prepared by Ontario, Mar 1988, 7;
prepared under SARA Title III reporting requirements, Sept 1987, 11-12;
procedures manual on preparation of, Mar 1986, 11; RAPCA completes for
point sources, Jan 1989, 7-8; requirements for under California
regulation; Mar 1990, 2; Rhode Island uses in air toxics regulatory
decisions, Sept 1988, 2-3; TACB data on, Jan 1988, 3; topic at.
STAPPA/ALAPCO conference, Dec 1984, 2; techniques, Feb 1984, 4;
waferboard plant assessed by CTC, June 1987, 4-5
Emissions, toxic: and landfill excavation rule adopted by South Coast,
July 1984, 1-2
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO): Jan 1988, 9
Environmental effects: SARA Section 313 data base introduced, Sept 1988,
13-14
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (EMSL): Jan 1988, 8
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): See also specific offices, regions;
acrylonitrile sources, prototype scheme for handling, Sept 1984, 3; and
Agency Prevention Work Group, June 1986, 4; arsenic Section 112
rulemaking, Sept 1984, 9; benzene storage facilities as benzene emission
source, rulemaking on, Sept 1984, 9; carcinogens, airborne, IACP project
identifying, Mar 1986, 7; Chemical Activity Status Report (EPA CASR),
defined, Feb 1984, 3; develops hazardous organic NESHAP, Sept 1987, 12;
develops radon risk communication program, Sept 1988, 6-7; encourages
co-control of pollutant emissions, Jan 1989, 3-6; examines ozone
attainment, Nov 1987, 4-5; and hazardous waste TSDF, Apr 1984, 5;
hotline for, Dec 1985, 11; issues report on indoor air, May 1988, 11;
national air toxics strategy section on urban toxics, Mar 1987, 9-10;
studies air toxics/cancer link, Nov 1988, 9; operates risk assessment
forum, Nov 1988, 7-8; outlines policy approaches for benzene regulation,
Sept 1988, 9-11; plans regulation of municipal waste disposal,
Sept 1987, 8-9; prepares indoor air quality plan for Congress,
Sept 1987, 7-8; prepares permit review support, Mar 1987, 11; proposes
ban on chromium in cooling towers, May 1988, 9; report on hospital
incinerators, Nov 1987, 5-6; reviews multiyear development plan
progress, Mar 1987, 11; role in indoor air quality, Mar 1989, 8-9;
strategy to control both routine and accidental releases, June 1986, 8-
10; studies ethylene oxide control technology, May 1988, 9-10;, technical
support for multiyear development plan (MYDP), June 1986, 9; toxic air
pollutants, prototype scheme for handling, Sept 1984, 3-4;
trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene, decisions on, Mar 1986, 9;
urban air toxics progress in all regions described, Sept 1987,, 6-7
A-18
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Epichlorohydrin: May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; and EPA
report on locating and estimating emissions of, Dec 1985, 11; EPA draft
source/emission factor report on, Dec 1984, 9; regulatory status of
under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10; TACB reviews sources of, Jan 1988, 3
Epigenetic mechanisms: and drafting carcinogen policy, Dec 1983 (6)*
Ethyl benzene: and EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6; and
Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
Ethylbenzene/styrene: plants as benzene emissions source (EPA rulemaking
on), Sept 1984, 9; process vents and CAA rulemaking, Feb 1984, 2
Ethylene dibromide: July 1989, 7; May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985,
6; process vents, Sept 1988, 10
Ethylene dichloride: Sept 1987, 12; July 1989, 7, 9; May 1990, 5, 8;
California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process,
Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; EPA reports on, July 1984, 6; Dec 1985, 11;
and EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6; facility-
specific reduction program in Puget Sound, Mar 1990, 6-7; and Michigan's
Use of Air Stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4; regulatory status of under
Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Ethylene oxide: Sept 1987, 12; Jan 1989, 4; May 1990, 8; as contributor to
air toxics problem, Sept 1984, 2-3; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985,
6; control devices for hospital use as sterilant, July 1988, 10; control
devices for, May 1988, 9-10; Nebraska investigates use as sterilizer,
Sept 1989, 3; NESHAP for, May 1990, 9; OAQPS publishes new document on,
Dec 1986, 10; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Ethylenimine: July 1989, 7
Exposure assessment: carried out for sludge disposal rule, Jan 1990, 7;
covered in CAPCOA source assessment manual, Dec 1986, 5; EPA risk
assessment guidelines available on, July 1988, 11
Exposure Assessment Group (EAG): Jan 1988, 9
Exposure modeling: used to detect halogenated solvents, Nov 1987, 7-8
Extractable Organic Matter (EOM): measured in IACP study, Nov 1988, 3-4;
May 1989, 5
Extraction processes: as sources of radionuclide emissions, Dec 1984, 7
A-19
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Fees: for permit emissions levied by State governments, June 1987, 11;
schedule for required under California air toxics regulation; Mar 1990,
2
Film making: New York firm to reduce methylene chloride emissions from,
Sept 1989, 4-5
Florida: agency seeking information on ambient monitoring, Dec 1986, 11;
considers air toxics during soil cleanup, Jan 1990, 1, 10; dry cleaning
facility regulations described, Mar 1987, 3
Formaldehyde: Dec 1986, 10; July 1988, 2; Mar 1989, 11; July 1989., 9; Sept
1989, 7; May 1990, 8; as contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984,
2-3; and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control
Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; EPA reports on, July 1984,, 6;
Dec 1985, 11; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment
program, Aug 1985, 7
Freon 113: May 1990, 8
Fuel, waste-derived: New Jersey rule on, Apr 1984, 2
Gasoline marketing: EPA proposes regulation of benzene from, Dec 1989, 11;
EPA rulemaking on benzene emissions sources, Sept 1984, 9; PSAPCA
estimates regulation effectiveness, Mar 1990, 6
Gasoline vapors: NESCAUM report on, Dec 1989, 6-8
Genetic toxicants: EPA risk assessment guidelines available on suspected,
July 1988, 11; new system to evaluate introduced, July 1989, 8-9
Geographic studies: PIPQUIC developed for, July 1989, 4
Georgia Environmental Protection Division: and control of vegetation damage
from toxic air pollutants, Feb 1985, 4
Glass manufacturing plants: as inorganic arsenic emissions sources,
Sept 1984, 9
Great Lakes Agreement: Mar 1987, 2; Mar 1990, 7; and Indiana regulation, May
1990, 1; and Region V transboundary project, May 1989, 5-6
Ground water: and air toxics, Jan 1990, 1, 10; report on air strippers for,
June 1987, 5
Halogenated solvents: Nov 1987, 7
Hazard index, EPA's: used in Chattanooga monitoring, Jan 1988, 6; used in
Minnesota risk assessment, May 1989, 3-4
Hazard Ranking System: revised, July 1989, 7-8
A-20
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Hazardous A1r Pollutant PHoritizatlon System (HAPPS): Feb 1984, 5
Hazardous air pollutants: See Air pollutants, toxic
Hazardous material: air toxics from contaminated soil, Jan 1990, 1, 10;
burning of for fuel, Apr 1984, 2; emergency planning guide prepared,
Nov 1987, 10; and Oregon develops training program on, May 1990, 4, 9-
10
Hazardous organics: EPA develops NESHAP, Sept 1987, 12; May 1990, 9
Hazardous waste disposal: California agency's enforcement of regulations,
June 1987, 3; document on pathway analyses for, Nov 1988, 8; and EPA Six
Months Study, Apr 1984, 4; Massachusetts air toxics provisions for,
Jan 1989, 2; Oregon develops training program on, May 1990, 4, 9-10;
Texas regulations on disposal of, Jan 1988, 3
Hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities (TSDF): and EPA
emissions inventory of carcinogens, June 1986, 10; responsibility for
developing regulations transferred, Apr 1984, 5; standards for prepared
by OAQPS, July 1989, 9-10
Health effects: See also IRIS; as basis for chemical-specific air toxics
guidelines, Dec 1983 (4-5)*; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 4; and chemicals in the
work place, Dec 1983 (6)*; covered in Massachusetts AALs, Jan 1990, 4;
and EPA air toxics strategy, Aug 1985, 6; of gasoline exposure covered
in NESCAUM study, Dec 1989, 6-8; and Massachusetts air toxics control
program, Dec 1983 (7)*; noncancer, Sept 1988, 5-6, 8; and NESCAUM
control policy guideline, Dec 1983 (6)*; OAQPS studies noncancer, Jan
1990, 9, 11; SARA Section 313 data base introduced, Sept 1988, 13-14;
STAPPA/ALAPCO conducts survey of, Nov 1987, 10; STAPPA/ALAPCO finds need
for information on, Dec 1989, 10; and radon emissions from uranium in
soil, Mar 1986, 3; TACB develops biological test system to monitor,
Jan 1988, 3; and VOCs, Dec 1985, 3
Health Effects Research Laboratory (HERL): Jan 1988, 8, 10; develops method
to assess toxics genetic activity, July 1988, 8-9
Health risks: (toxics-related), and cost, July 1984, 2-3; and dioxin,
Apr 1984, 2-3
Heavy metal particles: as products of resource recovery facilities,
Mar 1986, 8-9
Hexachlorobenzene: May 1990, 8
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene: May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985,
6; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
A-21
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Hexane: Sept 1989, 3
Home Evaluation Program (HEP): Maine participation in, Mar 1989, 2
Hospital sterilizers: See also Ethylene oxide; EPA studies ethylene oxide
in, May 1988, 9-10; new technology to control ethylene oxide use in,
July 1988, 10
Hospital waste Incinerators: and CTC, Mar 1988, 9; required by California
program to submit risk assessments, Dec 1986, 4; study on released,
Jan 1989, 14; workshop on, Mar 1988, 11; May 1989, 7
Hot spots: CARB initiates information program on, July 1988, 5-6; CARB
prepares regulation for, Mar 1990, 2, 3, 10; Nebraska performs
dispersion modeling on, Sept 1989, 3; TACB sampling program for, May
1989, 3; treatment of toxic by CARB, Mar 1988, 5
Houston: monitoring program described, May 1988, 3-4
Hydrocarbons: and IARC evaluation of wood smoke photo-oxidation products,
June 1986, 5; NESCAUM adopts California automobile standard to reduce,
Mar 1990, 3, 4
Hydrochloric acid: as product of resource recovery facilities, Mar 1986,
8-9
Human exposure data: and Michigan's air toxics control program, Feb 1984, 4
Human Exposure Model (HEM): Jan 1989, 8; July 1989, 8; May 1990, 2
Hydrogen chloride: May 1989, 9; and hospital incinerators, Nov 1987, 5-6;
listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous Substance in New Jersey, Sept 1986,
5; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program,
Aug 1985, 7
Hydrogen cyanide: listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous Substance in New
Jersey, Sept 1986, 5
Hydrogen fluoride: listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous Substance in New
Jersey, Sept 1986, 5
Hydrogen sulfide: Jan 1989, 9; listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous
Substance in New Jersey, Sept 1986, 5; removed from list of hazardous
air pollutants in proposed Clean Air Act, May 1990, 10
Idaho: examines sugar beet VOC emissions, May 1988, 4-5; sampling program
in under IACP, Sept 1988, 11-12
A-22
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Incinerators: dioxin/furan testing for, Sept 1986, 8-9; Ohio studies
emissions from sewage sludge, May 1990, 5-6; and sewage sludge rule, Jan
1990, 7; used for contaminated soil in Florida, Jan 1990, 10
Incinerators, hospital: and CTC, Mar 1988, 9; EPA report on, Nov 1987, 5-6;
workshop on, Mar 1988, 11
Incineration at sea: and hazardous wastes, Feb 1984, 6
Indiana: Spotlight on Department of Environmental Management, May 1990, 1, 8
Indoor air: See also Radon; EPA prepares plan on, Sept 1987, 7-8; EPA
report on, May 1988, 11; EPA's role in controlling quality of, Mar 1989,
8-9; HVAC system role in problems with, Sept 1989, 8; in-car air toxics
study described, June 1987, 3; and Indoor Air Quality Research Act of
1985, Dec 1985, 9; and Indoor Air Source Emissions Data Base (IASE)
(source characterization) data base, June 1986, 11; Maine survey of
radon in, Mar 1989, 2; and radon emissions from uranium in soil,
Mar 1986, 3-5; RAPCA describes programs for, Sept 1989, 7-8; as research
area for AEERL, Feb 1985, 2-3; sampled in IACP Boise study, May 1988, 6;
topic at STAPPA/ALAPCO conference, Dec 1984, 2
Industry: reviews Vermont regulations, July 1989, 3
Industry Assistance Office: See TSCA Assistance Office
Industry File Index (IFIS): defined, Feb 1984, 3; overview of, July 1984, 4
Information Resources Management (IRM) Managers: listed with their duties,
Sept 1989, 11
Information (computer) services: IRM managers listed with their duties,
Sept 1989, 11
Inhalation pathway: cited in California rule on carcinogens, Mar 1989, 6
Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP): airborne carcinogens project,
Mar 1986, 7; Boise study described, May 1988, 4-5; description of,
May 1985, 2-3; field studies conducted by, Dec 1985, 5-6; Idaho sampling
program, Sept 1988, 11-12; and project to evaluate mutagenic activity of
wood smoke photo-oxidation products, June 1986, 5-6; reports woodstove
emissions measurements, Dec 1986, 9-10; Roanoke selected as study site,
May 1988, 5-6; Roanoke air sampling complete, Jan 1990, 7-8; samples
from identified by GC/MI-R, Sept 1987, 13; studies mobile source VOC/PM
link, May 1989, 5; studies wind flow and plume dispersion, Sept 1989, 5-
6; study of mobile sources and wood smoke mutagenicity, Nov 1988, 3-4;
and support from AEERL, Feb 1985, 2-3; woodstove emission study
described, June 1987, 9
Integrated Environmental Management Division (IEMD): ambient monitoring
program on chlorinated organics and aromatics, Apr 1984, 5-6
A-23
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Integrated Environmental Management Project (IEMP): Maryland completes
Phase I of, Sept 1987, 3; Jan 1989, 12
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS): May 1989, 8; available to
public, July 1988, 10-11; described, Mar 1987, 8-9; Sept 1987, 14; files
to be added for SARA Section 313 chemicals, July 1988, 11
Intent-to-Ust: and EPA decisions on trichloroethylene and
perchloroethylene, Mar 1986, 9; and Section 112, Clean Air Act,
June 1986, 1; and STAPPA/ALAPCO conference on air toxics, Dec 1985, 8
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): and list of
carcinogens, Dec 1983 (6)*; list of hazardous air pollutants and
carcinogens compiled by, Sept 1986, 3-4; uses HERL genetic toxicity
studies, July 1988, 8-9
Intervention: defined with respect to carcinogen control, Dec 1983 (5-6)*
Kansas: adopts air toxics strategy, Jan 1988, 6-7; uses Kansas Further
Evaluation Level (KFEL), Jan 1988, 6-7
Kentucky: spotlight on air toxics program, May 1988, 2-3
Kerosene heaters: emissions from, Mar 1989, 9
Landfills: alternatives to, Aug 1985, 7-8; California agency's hazardous
waste enforcement efforts at, June 1987, 3; excavation of and South
Coast rule governing toxic emissions from, July 1984, 1-2; information
on disposal facilities sought, Sept 1987, 15; and NYDEC research
recovery stack emissions assessment program, Sept 1986, 8
Lead: Dec 1986, 10; Dec 1989, 3; Jan 1990, 7; May 1990, 5, 6, 8; and New
York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; as
product of resource recovery facilities, Mar 1986, 8-9; as tracer for
mobile source emissions, May 1989, 5
Lead, inorganic: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification
and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Lead smelters, primary and secondary: as inorganic arsenic emissions
sources, Sept 1984, 9
Letter of Intent: See Memorandum of Understanding
Leak detection and repair (LDAR): used in equipment leak regulation, Jan
1990, 2-3
Listed pollutants, emission limits for: and STAPPA/ALAPCO policy on
hazardous air pollutants, Feb 1985, 4-5
A-24
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Louisiana: implements toxics program, Dec 1989, 2-3; prepares VOC report,
May 1989, 9; and special study identifying toxic air pollutants,
Feb 1984, 6
Lowest Achievable Emission Rate (LAER): Sept 1988, 13; basis for NESCAUM
top-down BACT, Jan 1989, 6; and Kansas air toxics strategy, Jan 1988, 7
Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL): Nov 1988, 5; how identified
in Rhode Island air toxics regulation, Sept 1988, 2-3; and RfDs,
July 1988, 6
Lowest Observed Effects Level (LOEL): Jan 1988, 5; Dec 1989, 8; used in
noncancer risk assessment, Jan 1990, 9, 11
Maine: air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (7)*; and air toxics
inventory, Sept 1984, 4; Bureau of Health conducts wood smoke
assessment, Dec 1986, 7-8; spotlight on Maine Department of Human
Services, Mar 1989, 2; State agency studies radon in air and
groundwater, June 1987, 7-8
Major source: defined by proposed revised Section 112, Sept 1989, 3-4; Mar
1990, 5
Maleic anhydride plants as benzene emissions source: EPA rulemaking on,
Sept 1984, 9; and California Air Resources Identification and Control
Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; and CAA rulemaking on process vents,
Feb 1984, 2
Manganese: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; and EPA report on locating
and estimating emissions of, Dec 1985, 11; EPA draft source/emission
factor report on, Dec 1984, 9; and New York's toxic air contaminant
stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; regulatory status of under Clean
Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Maryland: adopts comprehensive regulations for toxic air pollutants,
Jan 1989, 10-12; joins air management association, May 1990, 2; SARA
Title III data on industries in, Nov 1988, 6; spotlight on Department of
the Environment, Sept 1987, 3-4; studies radon risk communication,
Sept 1988, 6-7
Massachusetts, Commonwealth of: and air toxics control program, Dec 1983
(4-5, 7)*; Sept 1984, 5; sets AALs for toxics, Jan 1990, 4; spotlight on
air toxics monitoring, Jan 1989, 2-3
Material safety data sheets (MSDS): Jan 1989, 7
Maximum achievable control technology (MACT): defined under proposed Clean
Air Act amendments, Mar 1990, 10, 11; May 1990, 10; required under
Indiana regulation, May 1990, 8
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Maximum Individual Cancer Risk (MIR): May 1990, 1
Media relations: used in incinerator dioxin testing program, Sept 1986, 8-9
Medical, research, and training facilities: as sources of radionurlide
emissions, Dec 1984, 7
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU): and EPA prototype scheme for handling
toxic air pollutants, Sept 1984, 3; and State/local option to evaluate
acrylonitrile, Dec 1984, 9
Mercury: Sept 1987, 9; Mar 1990, 7; May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985,
6; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program,
Aug 1985, 7; as product of resource recovery facilities, Mar'1986, 8-9
Methane: as emission from residential wood combustion devices,
May 1985, 4-5
Methyl bromide: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Methyl chloroform: See also Trichloroethane, 1,1,1-; May 1990, 8; and
California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process
Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act,
Dec 1985, 10
Methylene chloride: Sept 1987, 12; Sept 1988, 3; Jan 1989, 7, 8; May
1989, 9; July 1989, 9; May 1990, 5-6, 8; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985,
6; and EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6; and
Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4; New York moves to
reduce emissions of, Sept 1989, 4-5; regulatory status of under Clean
Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Methyl ethyl ketone: May 1990, 5
Methyl isocyanate: listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous Substance in New
Jersey, Sept 1986, 5
Michigan: air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (4)*, Feb 1984, 4; Michigan
Air Pollution Control Commission; studies air stripping of volatile
organic compounds, Dec 1985, 2-3; Wayne County establishes health-based
toxics information system, May 1990, 6-7
Mid-Atlantic Regional Air Management Association (MARAMA): formed, May 1990,
Minnesota: Air RISC reviews risk assessment for, May 1989, 3-4
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Mississippi: announces air toxics permit review program, Dec 1986, 5
Mobile sources: and air pollution/cancer report, Apr 1984, 6; Denver's
inspection and maintenance program, Jan 1990, 11; and EPA Six Months
Study, Apr 1984, 5; and emission of carcinogens from, May 1985, 2-3; and
IACP project identifying airborne carcinogens, Mar 1986, 7; and IACP
field studies, Dec 1985, 5-6; IACP studies tracers for PM emissions
from, May 1989, 5; mutagenicity of emissions of, Nov 1988, 3-4; new
regulations for, Dec 1985, 8
Modacrylic fibers: and EPA prototype scheme for handling, Sept 1984, 3
Modeling: California agency's use of in compiling emissions inventory,
June 1987, 3; CTC/AEERL install new equipment for, Sept 1989, 9;
examples of, Feb 1984, 4; ISCST used in Virginia regulation, Dec 1989,
4; of mobile source emissions, May 1989, 5; and New York's toxic air
contaminant stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; numerical, Apr 1984,
2; performed at incinerator, Sept 1986, 9; receptor and IACP project
identifying airborne carcinogens, Mar 1986, 7; workshop on, Mar 1988, 11
Monitoring, air toxics: California agency's programs for ambient air,
June 1987, 3; and Connecticut air toxics regulation, Sept 1986, 5;
considerations of, Dec 1983 (6)*; EPA guidance on applying data quality
objectives process, Dec 1989, 5; Houston program described, Mar 1988,
10; May 1988, 3-4; Indoor Air Source Emissions Data Base update,
June 1986, 11; Louisiana uses to prepare VOC report, May 1989, 9;
Massachusetts program for, Jan 1989, 2-3; program conducted by EPA,
Apr 1984, 5; program for urban air toxics described, Sept 1987, 7;
PSAPCA uses aerosol sampling protocol in, Dec 1989, 4; for RCRA VOC/risk
assessment program, Sept 1987, 5-6; study of, Sept 1984, 2; used in
study of emissions from chemical plant, Feb 1985, 4; and New Hampshire's
air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (7)*; and New Jersey's air toxics
control program, Dec 1983 (7-8)*; TACB programs to assess toxics,
Jan 1988, 3; May 1989, 2-3; and Toxic Air Monitoring System (TAMS),
May 1985, 7; topic at STAPPA/ALAPCO conference, Dec 1984, 2; used in
Dayton, Ohio, PM network, Mar 1988, 8
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer: May 1989, 7
Most Appropriate Occupational Level (MAOL): and Massachusetts' air toxics
control program, Sept 1984, 5; and NESCAUM regional air toxics strategy
for perchloroethylene, Dec 1985, 6-7
Multipathway analysis: cited in California rule on carcinogens, Mar 1989, 6
Multiyear development plan (MYDP): and EPA air toxics strategy, June 1986,
8-9; and EPA urban air toxics programs, Sept 1987, 7; for Philadelphia,
July 1989, 9; progress reviewed, Mar 1987, 11; summary of development,
Sept 1987, 13-14
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Municipal waste combustion: Nov 1988, 3; Sept 1989, 9; study conducted by
CTC/NESCAUM, June 1987, 5; test protocol for development by CTC/NESCAUM,
Mar 1988, 9
Municipal waste disposal: EPA plans regulation of, Sept 1987, 8-9; and EPA
Six Months Study, Apr 1984, 4; NESCAUM sponsors workshop on, Mar 1987, 8
Mutagens: EPA risk assessment guidelines available on, July 1988, 11; and
IACP evaluation of wood smoke photo-oxidation products, June 1986, 5-6;
IACP study of, Nov 1988, 3-4
National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse (NATICH): announces working
group members, Nov 1987, 1-2; charter adopted by Working Group, Dec 1983
(1-2)*; "report card" results described, Sept 1987, 1-2; staff duties
highlighted, Jan 1989, 2; Working Group meets to review activities and
plan future, Sept 1986, 1
NATICH data base: May 1990, 1; agency contacts to trade releases under under
SARA, May 1988, 1-2; capabilities of, Mar 1986, 2; changes in programs
and log on procedures, June 1987, 1-2; contents of, May 1985, 1-2;
June 1986, 1-2; fees for use of, Dec 1985, 2; function of Newsletter in,
Dec 1983 (2)*; final development plan for; Dec 1983 (2)*; how to access,
Feb 1985, 1-2; Aug 1985, 1-2; Mar 1986, 2-3; June 1986, 2; Nov 1987, 2;
May 1989, 1-2; inception of, Dec 1983 (1)*; information dissemination
tools, Dec 1983 (2)*; material covered in, Dec 1985, 1; menu selections
explained, July 1989, 1-2; new password procedures for, Sept 1989, 1-2;
on-line data entry and editing systems initiated, Dec 1986, 1-2; permit
records in, June 1986, 2; reasons for accessing on-line, Sept 1987, 1-
2; risk analysis results incorporated into, Nov 1988, 1-2; security
system for, Sept 1986, 1; State and local agency participation in,
July 1988, 1; TRIS access through Dec 1989, 1-2; May 1990, 3-4; using
passwords for, Mar 1989, 1; who can use, Dec 1985, 1;
NATICH reports: carcinogen risk assessment is topic of, Mar 1987, 1; how to
obtain, Dec 1985, 2; list of current, Sept 1987, 2; ordering procedures
for, Mar 1986, 3; Sept 1986, 2; price list for, Nov 1987, 2; purposes
of, Dec 1983 (1)*; and State/local air agency needs, Dec 1983 (2)*;
recent distributions and prices, Sept 1989, 2; "report card" grade for,
Dec 1989, 2; risk communication report to be published, Mar 1988, 2;
State/local air toxics agency activities, Dec 1984, 1; titles prepared
for, Sept 1986, 1-2
National Add Precipitation Program: Jan 1988, 3; issues report on
anthropogenic emissions, May 1989, 9-10
National air toxics strategy: Apr 1985, 3-5, 5-7; Aug 1985, 3-5, 5-7; Dec
1985, 11; Dec 1986, 2; Jan 1989, 3-4; July 1989, 4; Mar 1990, 5
A-28
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National Ambient A1r Quality Standards (NAAQS): and NESCAUM automobile
emission standards, Mar 1990, 3, 4; for lead used in sludge disposal
rule, Jan 1990, 7; TSP and 1987 revision to, Jan 1989, 4-5; U.S.
attainment of, Nov 1987, 4
National Contingency Plan, The: June 1986, 3; and EPA air toxics strategy,
Aug 1985, 5
National Dloxin Strategy (EPA): Apr 1984, 2-3
National Emissions Data System (NEDS): Jan 1989, 9; used in Chicago
emissions inventory, Nov 1987, 6-7; used by IACP, May 1988, 5-6
National Governors' Association (NGA): Jan 1988, 7-8
Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC): analyzes Maryland SARA Title III
data, Nov 1988, 6
National Response Team (NRT), The: and EPA air toxics strategy, Aug 1985,
5; Regional Response Team, June 1986, 3
National Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI) data base: established,
Nov 1988, 6-7; how to access, Nov 1988, 6-7
National Toxicology Program (NTP): carcinogens and hazardous air pollutants
identified by, Sept 1986, 3-4
Nebraska: spotlight on Nebraska Air Quality Division, Sept 1989, 2-3
NESCAUN: See Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management
NESHAP: Nov 1988, 9; Mar 1990, 5; approaches for benzene outlined,
Sept 1988, 9-11; for beryllium used in sludge disposal rule, Jan 1990,
7; asbestos inspection program, Mar 1987, 10-11; enforcement and EPA air
toxics strategy, Aug 1985, 3-5; enforcement of standards on asbestos in
California, June 1987, 3; and EPA air toxics strategy, June 1986, 9; EPA
report on, Sept 1984, 3; for hazardous air pollutants, Jan 1989, 4;
hazardous organic NESHAP under development, Sept 1987, 12; proposed for
commercial and hospital sterilizers, May 1988, 9-10
New Hampshire: air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (7)*
New Jersey: air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (7-8)*; July 1989, 6-7;
EPA support activities of, July 1988, 8; joins air management
association, May 1990, 2; passes first chemical accident prevention
legislation, Sept 1986, 5-6; proposes rule to cover accidental releases,
Mar 1988, 6-7; and waste oil as fuel regulation, Apr 1984, 2
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS): for sewage sludge incineration,
Jan 1990, 7
A-29
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New Source Review (NSR): July 1988, 2; Mar 1990, 6; nonattainment permit
requirements for, Jan 1989, 5; for North Carolina, Mar 1990 2-
ro ram1PJ1a 0*1" program' July 1989' 9; Texas Air Control Board
New York: air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (4, 8)*, Feb 1984, 4; moves
to reduce methylene chloride emissions, Sept 1989, 4-5; NYDEC's resource
recovery stack emissions assessment program, Sept 1986, 7-8; NYSERDA
conducts woodstove study, Dec 1986, 8; NYSERDA prepares report on
woodstove emissions, Jan 1988, 11; prepares report on woodstove smoke
emissions, Jan 1988, 11; studies radon risk communication, Sept 1988 6-
7; and toxic air contaminant stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7-8
Nickel: July 1989, 10; May 1990, 5-6; as contributor to air toxics problem,
Sept 1984, 2-3; and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification
and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; EPA reports on,
July 1984, 6; Dec 1985, 11; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack
assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; regulatory status of under Clean Air
Act, Dec 1985, 10
Nitrile rubber: and EPA prototype scheme for handling, Sept 1984, 3
Nitrobenzene: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine: July 1989, 10
Nitrosamines: and Wisconsin's air toxics program, Sept 1986, 3
Nitrosomorpholine: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification
and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Nitrogen oxides (NOx): Jan 1988, 3; as emissions from residential wood
combustion devices, May 1985, 4-5; and IACP evaluation of wood stove
photo-oxidation products, June 1986, 5-6; and New York's toxic air
contaminant stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; as product of
resource recovery facilities, Mar 1986, 8-9
Noncriteria pollutants: See Air pollutants, toxic
No Observed Adverse Effect Levels (NOAELs): compared to new method to
estimate noncancer risk, Jan 1990, 5-6; how identified in Rhode Island
air toxics regulation, Sept 1988, 2-3; and RfDs, July 1988, 6
No Observable Effect Level (NOEL): Jan 1988, 5; Nov 1988, 5; used in
regulating air toxics, Mar 1987, 4
North Carolina: Jan 1989, 9; adopts new air toxics regulations, Mar 1990,
1, 2; joins air management association, May 1990, 2; pollution
prevention program in, Sept 1989, 6-7; reviews list of toxic air
pollutants for regulation, Mar 1987, 4
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Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management (NESCAUM): Jan 1988, 7;
adopts BACT guideline, Jan 1989, 6-7; develops MWC test protocol with
CTC, Mar 1988, 9; issues report on gasoline reports, Dec 1989, 6-8; and
move to certify resource recovery facility operators, Mar 1986, 8-9; and
noncriteria pollutant control policy guideline, Dec 1983 (6)*;
perchloroethylene health evaluation document and, Sept 1986, 11;
publishes newsletter, Nov 1987, 9; pursues California auto standards,
Mar 1990, 3, 4; regional air toxics strategy for perchloroethylene,
Dec 1985, 6-7; resource recovery workshop coordinated by, Sept 1986, 10;
sponsors municipal waste combustion workshop, Mar 1987, 8; sponsors
training course to prevent accidental releases, Mar 1987, 5; studies
municipal waste combustion, June 1987, 5; and waste oil combustion
presentation, Sept 1984, 8
Nuclear power reactors: as sources of radionuclide emissions, Dec 1984, 7
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS): ambient monitoring
program on chlorinated organics and aromatics, Apr 1984, 5-6; July 1989,
8; begins study of consumer products, Jan 1990, 8; compiles air toxics
emission factors, Jan 1989, 14; conducts noncancer risk assessment, Jan
1990, 9; conducts screening study to monitor toxic air pollutants, Dec
1986, 10; cosponsors air toxics workshop, Dec 1986, 2; develops NSPS on
residential wood fired combustion, May 1985, 3-5; documents air pathway
analyses, Nov 1988, 8; establishes emission measurement center,
Mar 1989, 7; evaluates noncancer health base, July 1989, 2; issues
directive on VOC control, Dec 1989, 9; issues documents on urban soup,
cancer risk, Sept 1989, 10; issues reports on emissions estimates, urban
air toxics, Sept 1989, 9-10; performs cancer risk assessment for
incinerator, Sept 1986, 9; prepares standards for hazardous waste TSDF,
July 1989, 9-10; publishes benzene report, May 1988, 10-11; publishes
butadiene report, Jan 1990, 1; publishes toxic air emission report, Mar
1990, 11; publishes urban air toxics report, Jan 1989, 14; releases
natural dioxin study results, Nov 1987, 8; uses "Reg Neg" to control
equipment leaks, Jan 1990, 2-3; report on toxic air pollutants, sources,
Jan 1988, 10-11; revises air speciation manual, Mar 1990, 9; works with
OTS on SARA 313 data, May 1988, 8; July 1988, 7-8
Office of Air and Radiation (OAR): and TSDF regulations, Apr 1984, 5;
institutes air toxics.control technology center, Dec 1986, 2-3
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR): issues directive on VOC
Control, Dec 1989, 9
Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (OHEA): Jan 1988, 8
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation (OPPE): develops PIPQUIC, July
1989, 4-6
Office of Research and Development: institutes Air Toxics Control Technology
Center, Dec 1986, 2-3; organization and air toxics responsibilities
defined, Jan 1988, 8-10
A-31
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Office of Solid Waste (OSW): and TSDF regulations, Apr 1984, 5
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER): evaluates hazardous
A fol]16/11" releases' Jul* 1989> 8; ™d National Dioxin Strategy,
Apr *
0ff1ce°£J°*1c Stances (OTS): Works with OAQps on SARA 313 data, May
1988, 8; July 1988, 7-8; completes emissions inventories; Sept 1987 11-
12; conducts Section 313 surveys, Jan 1989, 12-13
Office of Water (OW): and National Dioxin Strategy, Apr 1984, 3
Ohio: See also RAPCA; radon levels in dwellings measured, Sept 1986 6-7-
S^oST"!1!8 PM n?tWOrk data' Mar 1988' 7-8; MP™ test* for'radon in,
Mar 1989, 3-4; spotlight on Air Quality Development Authority, Nov 1988
2-3; spotlight on Division of Air Pollution Control, Mar 1987 2-
studies air toxics relation to Lake Erie pollution, Mar 1990/7-8;
studies emissions from sludge incinerators, May 1990, 5-6
Ontario, Canada: initiates air toxics assessment, Mar 1988, 7
Operation and maintenance conditions: and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 4
Oregon: develops training program, May 1990, 4, 9-10; ranks risk of wood
combustion, July 1988, 2
Organic compounds: as products of resource recovery facilities
Mar 1986, 8-9
Organic gases, toxic: audit cylinders for, Aug 1985, 8
Ozone: attainment policy for, Nov 1987, 4-5; control of air strippers in
nonattainment areas, Dec 1989, 9; and EPA air toxics strategy, Aug 1985
3; and enhancement of air toxics program, Jan 1989, 5; and IACP
evaluation of wood stove photo-oxidation products, June 1986, 5-6; link
to CFCs studied, May 1989, 7-8; and NESCAUM automobile emission
standards, Mar 1990, 3, 4
PAH: Sept 1987, 9; Dec 1989, 3; Mar 1990, 8; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985
6; covered in Ontario air toxics assessment, Mar 1988, 7; and New York's
toxic air contaminant stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; possible
control under Indiana regulation, May 1990, 8; ratio of studied in
woodstove tracers, June 1987, 9-10; use of in GC/MI-R, Sept 1987, 13
Paint Spraying: Air RISC reviews risk assessment of, May 1989, 3-4
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Particulate matter: Dec 1986, 8; Nov 1987, 6; Nov 1988, 9; Jan 1989, 4; Jan
1990, 10; Mar 1990, 9; and Colorado laws governing restaurants and
street sanding, June 1986, 8; and IACP project identifying airborne
carcinogens, Mar 1986, 7; in indoor air and uranium decay, Mar 1986, 3;
and Harvard School of Public Health project, May 1985, 7; limited by
wood heater NSPS, Dec 1986, 7; measured in IACP study, Nov 1988, 3-4;
and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program, Aug 1985,
7; Ohio agency compiles network data on, Mar 1988, 7-8; relation to fuel
switching in "Brown Cloud" study, Jan 1990, 2, 11; from residential wood
combustion (OAQPS development of RWC NSPS to control), May 1985, 3-5;
sampling of in Alaska, Nov 1987, 3-4; TSDF report covers emissions of,
Dec 1986, 11; Vermont regulates air toxics under, July 1989, 3-4; VOCs
as tracers of, May 1989, 5
Particulate speciatlon: EPA/OAQPS report on, Nov 1987, 9
PCBs: Mar 1990, 8; May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; EPA/OAQPS
reports on, Nov 1987, 8-9; excluded in past from sludge incineration
rule, Jan 1990, 7; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment
program, Aug 1985, 7
PCDDs: Sept 1987, 8; Mar 1990, 8; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; and New
York resource recovery stack emissions assessment program, Sept 1986, 7-
8; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program,
Aug 1985, 7
PCDFs: Mar 1990, 8
Pennsylvania: local agency regulation to control waste-derived liquid
fuels, Dec 1986, 3; Allegheny County and State join air management
association, May 1990, 2
Pentachlorophenol (PCP): emission information requested, Apr 1984, 8
Perchloroethylene: Sept 1987, 12; Sept 1988, 3; July 1989, 9; Sept 1989, 9;
May 1990, 8; as contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984, 2-3; and
California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process,
Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; EPA decision on, Mar 1986, 9; and EPA/IEMD
ambient monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6; NESCAUM health document on,
Sept 1986, 11; and NESCAUM regional strategy to control, Dec 1985, 6-7;
regulated by Florida dry cleaning facility regulation, Mar 1987, 3;
regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs): developed by California for air toxics
rule, Mar 1988, 3
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Permitting: California proposed rule on, June 1987, 2-3; California rule
covers carcinogens and, Mar 1989, 5-7; CAPCOA source assessment manual
designed to assist, Dec 1986, 4-5; for chemical company emitting cobalt
oxide, Jan 1988, 4-6; and Connecticut's air toxics control regulation,
Sept 1986, 4-5; and CTC, Mar 1988, 9; CTC/NJDEP develop software for,
May 1988, 8; Florida couples air review with contaminated soil, Jan
1990, 1, 10; Houston monitoring program and, May 1988, 3-4; and
Indiana's air toxics program, May 1990, 8; information in NATICH data
base, July 1989, 1; Maryland process described, Sept 1987, 3-4; and
Monterey Bay (CA) agency rule, Mar 1988, 2; new Mississippi program on,
Dec 1986, 5; Nebraska regulations on, Sept 1989, 2-3; NESCAUM adopts
BACT guideline to promote consistency in, Jan 1989, 6-7; and New
York/Michigan's air toxics control programs, Feb 1984, 4; report on
agency fees for, June 1987, 11; requirements under new North Carolina
air regulations, Mar 1990, 2; Rhode Island air toxics regulation and,
Sept 1988, 3; TACB policies on, Jan 1988, 2-3; workshop on, Mar 1988, 11
Permits, building: and Aspen, Colorado, regulation on woodburning,
June 1986, 8
Pesticides: May 1989, 6; Sept 1989, 7; CTC/Florida evaluate emissions from
burning of plastic containers for, Sept 1988, 4; dioxin contamination
of, Apr 1984, 3; TACB establishes monitoring network for, May 1989, 2-3
Pharmaceuticals manufacturing: EPA proposes regulation of benzene from, Dec
1989, 9
Petroleum refineries: benzene fugitive emissions from, Feb 1984, 2
Phenol: May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification
and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; regulatory status of
under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Philadelphia, City of: air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (4)*; July
1989, 8-9; testing for dioxins at incinerator, Sept 1986, 8-9; joins air
management association, May 1990, 2
Phosgene: Sept 1988, 4; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; EPA report
on locating and estimating emissions of, Dec 1985, 11; EPA draft
source/emission factor report on, Dec 1984, 9; listed as Extraordinarily
Hazardous Substance in New Jersey, Sept 1986, 5
Phosphorus plants, elemental: as sources of radionuclide emissions,
Dec 1984, 7
Phosphorus trichloride: listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous Substance in
New Jersey, Sept 1986, 5
A-34
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Point sources: Jan 1989, 4; and cancer risk, Jan 1989, 4; OAQPS document on
estimating emissions from, Sept 1989, 9-10; OAQPS publishes emission
report on, Mar 1990, 11; programs for high risk, May 1989, 3; RAPCA
emission inventory of, Jan 1989, 7-8; and STAPPA/ALAPCO policy on
hazardous air pollutants, Feb 1985, 4-5
Pollutants, organic: measured by Toxic Air Monitoring System (TAMS),
Apr 1984, 7; as emission from residential wood combustion devices,
May 1985, 3-5; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10
Pollution prevention: North Carolina program described, Sept 1989, 6-7
Polycyclic organic matter (POM): Dec 1986, 8; Jan 1989, 4; Mar 1989, 11;
EPA/OAQPS reports on, Nov 1987, 8-9; and wood heater NSPS, Dec 1986, 7;
and IACP woodstove emission measurement, Dec 1986, 9-10
Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD): Jan 1989, 5; permit remand
in California, Mar 1987, 11
Prioritization: California Air Resources Board use of for potential toxic
air contaminants, May 1985, 6; and drafting carcinogen policy, Dec 1983
(6)*; and New York air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (8)*; and toxic
air pollutants, Feb 1984, 5
Program Integration Project Queries Using Interactive Commands (PIPQUIC):
described, July 1989, 4-6
Propanol, 2-: and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
Propylene: and IARC evaluation of wood smoke photo-oxidation products,
June 1986, 5
Propylene dichloride: July 1989, 9
Propylene oxide: May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW): as contributor to air toxics
problem, Sept 1984, 2; and sludge disposal rule, Jan 1990, 7
Puget Sound Air Pollution Control Agency (PSAPCA): asbestos regulation
adopted by, Mar 1986, 8; evaluates air toxics program, Mar 1990, 6-7;
spotlight on, July 1988, 2-4; urban air toxics study described,
June 1987, 7; and waste-derived fuel regulation, Dec 1985, 4-5
Pyridine: May 1990, 8
Radionuclides: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; and withdrawal of EPA
proposed standards for, Dec 1984, 7
A-35
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Radium facility wastes: and radon emissions from, Mar 1986, 3
Radon, emissions of: Sept 1989, 7; and indoor air, Mar 1986, 3-5; Maine
survey on, Mar 1989, 2; measured in Ohio, Sept 1986, 6-7; and proposed
standards on radionuclides, Dec 1984, 8; RAPCA tests for in schools
Mar 1989, 3-4; RAPCA's study results described, Mar 1987, 6-8;
requirements of Superfund provisions on, Mar 1989, 8; risk communication
programs for, Sept 1988, 6-7; studied in Maine, June 1987, 7-8
Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT): Sept 1988, 13; Jan 1989, 5;
specified in Kentucky regulation, May 1988, 3; used in PM control at
chemical manufacturer in Tennessee, Jan 1988, 4
Reference doses, (RfD) Inhalation: See also IRIS; Jan 1988, 5; defined by
OHEA, July 1988, 6-7; methodology developed for, July 1988, 6-7
Reference doses, (RfD) oral: See also IRIS; July 1988, 6; methodolgoy
explained, May 1989, 8-9
Reference matrix isolation infrared spectral library: Sept 1987, 13
Refineries: wastes from, July 1984, 2
Region III: conducts dioxin/furan incinerator testing, Sept 1986, 8-9
Region V: conducts air toxics inventory (Chicago), Mar 1987, 6-7
Region IX: develops noncancer risk assessment, Jan 1990, 5-6
Region X: completes VOC risk assessment, Sept 1987, 5-6; organizes retreats
for air toxics coordinators, Jan 1990, 3
Regional Air Pollution Control Agency (RAPCA): compiles PM network data,
Mar 1988, 7-8; completes point source emission inventory, Jan 1989 7-
8; describes indoor air program, Sept 1989, 7-8; measures Ohio radon
levels, Sept 1986, 6-7; results of radon study described, Mar 1987, 6-
8; tests for radon in schools, Mar 1989, 3-4; toxic emissions data base
described, June 1987, 10
Regional Coordinators: role of, May 1988, 7
Regional deposited dose ratios (RDDRs): function in RfD derivation,
July 1988, 7
Regional Response Team (RRT): and EPA air toxics strategy, Aug 1985, 5
"Reg Neg": used to draft regulations on equipment leaks, Jan 1990, 2-3;
used to draft wood heater NSPS, Dec 1986, 7
Remediation, soil: Florida guidelines for, Jan 1990, 1, 10
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Removal efficiency: and air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 3
Reproductive Assessment Group (REAG): Jan 1988, 9
Residential Mood Combustion (RWC): See Combustion, residential wood-fired
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA): July 1989, 8; authority for
development of standards for hazardous waste TSDF, July 1989, 9-10; and
Chicago emissions inventory, Mar 1987, 7; facilities assessment
completed in Idaho, Sept 1987, 5-6; and TSDF regulations, Apr 1984, 5
Resource recovery facility: certification of operators of, Mar 1986, 8-9;
facilities required by California program to submit risk assessments,
Dec 1986, 4; NESCAUM coordinates workshop on, Sept 1986, 10; New York
program on stack emissions, Sept 1986, 7-8; and New York's toxic air
contaminant stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7-8
Resource Recovery Facility Emission Characterization (RRFECS): See New York
State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYDEC)
Rhode Island: program to monitor solvents in ambient air, Mar 1987, 5-6;
spotlight on Division of Air and Hazardous Materials, Sept 1988, 2-4
Right-to-know amendments: and Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program
(CEPP), June 1986, 4; and Superfund, Dec 1985, 9; and workers with
respect to chemical health effects, Dec 1983 (6)*
Risk analysis: results of incorporated into NATICH data base, Nov 1988, 1-2
Risk appraisal: and toxic cleanups, Mar 1986, 6
Risk assessment: See also IRIS; and air toxics, Feb 1984, 2; May 1988, 5;
May 1989, 6; Dec 1989, 5; Air RISC Workshop on, July 1989, 11; as basis
for Connecticut toxic air pollutant regulation, Sept 1986, 4; and
California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control Process,
Dec 1984, 4-5; and Clean Air Act, Dec 1983 (5)*; conducted for MWCs,
Sept 1987, 9; conducted in Chicago for urban cancer, Mar 1989, 10-11;
conducted in urban air toxics programs, Sept 1987, 7; developed for
noncancer health effects, Jan 1990, 5-6; document for carcinogens
available, Jan 1990, 7; and equipment leak emissions, Jan 1990, 2-3;
EPA's integrated risk information system described, Mar 1987, 8-9; EPA
forum on, Nov 1988, 7-8; EPA guidelines available on, July 1988, 11; EPA
introduces Air RISC, July 1988, 4-5; EPA Region X study described,
Sept 1987, 5-6; five basic concepts of, Feb 1984, 4; for gasoline vapors
conducted by NESCAUM, Dec 1989, 6-8; glossary and directory published,
Sept 1989, 10; HERL study of process needs, Jan 1988, 10; improvements
in methods called for, Jan 1988, 7-8; IRIS data base information on,
Sept 1987, 14; Maine conducts assessment of wood smoke, Dec 1986, 8; and
NATICH data base, June 1986, 1-2; NATICH report on carcinogens,
Mar 1987, 1; and NESCAUM regional strategy to control perchloroethylene,
Dec 1985, 6-7; new California program requires, July 1988, 5-6; New
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Risk assessment (continued): Jersey applies to carcinogens, July 1989, 6-7;
of paint spraying facility, May 1989, 3-4; relation to air toxics
programs stressed by California agency, Dec 1986, 4; reproductive
assessment guidelines for, Nov 1988, 10; requested in incinerator
testing, Sept 1986, 9; required under Senate version of proposed Clean
Air Act Amendments, May 1990, 11; and risk management, Dec 1983 (5-6)*;
Feb 1984, 2; topic at STAPPA/ALAPCO conference, Dec 1984, 2; and "two-
step" benzene NESHAP process, Sept 1988, 9-10; role in California permit
denial, Mar 1989, 5; for urban soup developed under PIPQUIC, July 1989
4-6; used in New Jersey chemical accident prevention legislation,
Sept 1986, 5; (carcinogen) used in North Carolina regulation, Mar 1987,
4; used in Ohio sampling study, Nov 1988, 2-3; used by work group in
examining solvent exposure, Nov 1987, 7; and waste oil handling and
disposal, Feb 1984, 5; workshop on, Mar 1989, 5
Risk assessment, noncancer: developed in California, Jan 1990, 6; OAQPS
conducts, Jan 1990, 9
Risk communication: EPA program on described, June 1987, 5-6; hotline for
Nov 1987, 10; NATICH report on planned, Mar 1988, 2; for small risks'
under SARA Title III, Mar 1990, 1, 8-9
Risk estimates: role of in benzene rulemaking, Feb 1984, 3
Risk management: and air toxics, Feb 1984, 2; and California Air Resources
Contaminant Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 4-5; EPA's
integrated risk information system (IRIS) described, Mar 1987, 8-9; EPA
State agencies improve for radon, Sept 1988, 6-7; IRIS data base
information on, Sept 1987, 14; and Maryland's proposed air toxics
regulations, Sept 1987, 3-4; and New Jersey chemical accident prevention
rule, Mar 1988, 6-7; New Jersey program separates from risk assessment,
July 1989, 7; and risk assessment, Feb 1984, 2; topic at STAPPA/ALAPCO
conference, Dec 1984, 2; used in New Jersey to prevent chemical
accidents, Sept 1986, 5; workshop on, Mar 1989, 5
Risk, Negligible: defined under proposed Clean Air Act Amendments,, May 1990,
Risk, Residual: defined under proposed Clean Air Act Amendments, May 1990, 11
ROADMAPS: introduced, Sept 1988, 13
Roanoke: selected as IACP study site, May 1988, 5-6
Sampling, soil: EPA/ESED report on TSDF covers, Dec 1986, 11
SARA Title III: July 1989, 7; Mar 1990, 10; communicating small risk under,
Mar 1990, 1, 8-9; and community right-to-know amendment, Dec 1985, 9;
data from Maryland industries, Nov 1988, 6; data available through
NATICH/TRIS link, Dec 1989, 1-2; data used in Louisiana regulation, Dec
1989, 3; directory for data base established (ROADMAPS), Sept. 1988,
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SARA Title III (continued): 13-14; and equipment leak emissions, Jan 1990, 2-
3; emissions from Superfund sites, May 1988, 7; and EPA air toxics
strategy, Aug 1985, 6-7; EPA coordinates Section 313 activities,
July 1988, 7-8; establishes toxic release data base, Nov 1988, 6-7; and
EPA Six Months Study, Apr 1984, 4; hazardous substances at Superfund
sites must be listed under, July 1989, 10; IRIS data to include
information on, chemicals listed by, July 1988, 11; OAQPS/OTS
Section 313 plan for data, May 1988, 7-8; one industry states goals
under, Sept 1988, 13; Section 313 OTS concludes QA pilot surveys under,
Jan 1989, 12-13; reporting requirements, Sept 1987, 11-12; requirements
of Dec 1986, 5-6; requirements for radon, Mar 1989, 8; requires
revisions to Hazard Ranking System, July 1989, 7-8; STAPPA/ALAPCO survey
assesses effect of, Dec 1989, 10; Title III workshops conducted on,
June 1987, 11; Toxic Release Inventory developed for, May 1988, 1-2; May
1990, 3-4
Science review panel: and drafting carcinogen policy, Dec 1983 (6)*
Selenium: May 1990, 5,6
Sewage sludge: Ohio studies incineration emissions, May 1990, 5-6
Sewage treatment plants: and EPA Six Month Study, Apr 1984, 5; sludge
disposal regulations, Jan 1990, 7
Sick building syndrome: Sept 1989, 7
Site investigation: and toxic cleanups, Mar 1986, 6
Six Month Study, EPA: See also National Air Toxics Strategy; Apr 1985, 3-5,
5-7; Dec 1985, 11; Nov 1988, 9; Jan 1989, 7; and Agency's air toxics
strategy, Apr 1984, 4-5; Aug 1985, 3-5; update issued, May 1989, 10
Sludge Regulation and Management Branch: regulates sewage sludge disposal,
Jan 1990, 7
Solid waste: Texas regulations on disposal of, Jan 1988, 3
Solvents: Nebraska regulations to limit emissions, Sept 1989, 3; new
technology avoids in cleaning printing equipment, May 1989, 7; recycling
emissions controlled by national standards, July 1989, 9-10; Rhode
Island program to monitor ambient levels of, Mar 1987, 5-6
Source assessment: CAPCOA publishes manual on, Dec 1986, 4; research needs
in outlined, Jan 1988, 7-8
Source categories: to be listed under proposed Clean Air Act Amendments, May
1990, 10
Source, Major: See Major Source
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Source sampling methods: California regulation allows sharing data for, Mar
South Carolina: county agency community awareness and emergency response
program, Sept 1987, 5
South Coast A1r Quality Management District (SCAQMD): establishes rule
covering permits, carcinogens, Mar 1989, 5-7; and rule governing toxic
emissions from landfills, July 1984, 1-2
South Dakota: spotlight on Department of Water and Natural Resources
Nov 1987, 3
Speciation factors: manual on, Nov 1988, 9-10; OAQPS revises manual on, Mar
1990, 9, 10
Stack sampling: emissions from chemical plant studied, Feb 1985, 4; New
York resource recovery operation program, Sept 1986, 7-8; New York's
toxic air contaminant assessment program on, Aug 1985, 7-8; performed at
city incinerator, Sept 1986, 9; and resource recovery facilities,
Mar 1986, 8-9; used in Connecticut air toxics regulation, Sept 1986, 5
State Implementation Plan (SIP): and co-control of air pollutants,
Jan 1989, 4-6; and EPA's national air toxics strategy, Nov 1987, 4
State/local air toxics control agencies: technical assistance for,
Dec 1984, 2; partnership with Federal agencies, Aug 1985, 3-4;
July 1984, 2, 4; Dec 1985, 8; use TRI data, Jan 1990, 4-5
State and Territorial Air Pollution Program Administrators (STAPPA)/
Association of Local Air Pollution Control Officials (ALAPCO): and
appointment of air toxics policy work group, Feb 1984, 6; conducts
noncancer survey, Nov 1987, 10; conference on air toxics control,
Sept 1986, 10; and EPA air toxics strategy, Aug 1985, 3-5; conferences
of, Dec 1983 (3-4)*; July 1984, 6; Sept 1984, 8; Dec 1984, ?-3;
coordinates SARA Section 313 data collection, July 1988, 7; members of
NATICH working group meet, Sept 1986, 1; and NATICH, Dec 1983 (1)*; and
NATICH data base, Dec 1985, 1-2; national air toxics workshops sponsored
by, June 1987, 8; and policy on hazardous air pollutants, Feb 1985, 4-
5; prepares report on air permit and emissions fees, June 1987, 11; and
EPA Six Months Study, Apr 1984, 5-6; releases survey results for State
and local agencies, Dec 1989, 10; sponsors urban air toxics workshops,
Mar 1989, 9-10; survey of toxic air pollutants, Feb 1984, 6; updates
toxic air pollutant report, Nov 1988, 9
Stationary sources: Sept 1987, 8; and Air Pollution/Cancer report,
Apr 1984, 6; audit cylinders available for, Aug 1985, 8; California
rules to reduce cancer risk from, Mar 1989, 6; PM emissions from
woodstoves limited by NSPS, Dec 1986, 7; VOC emissions at hazardous
waste TSDF, July 1989, 10
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Steel plants, emissions from: CTC report on, Dec 1989, 6
Sterilizers, hospital and commercial: control of ethylene oxide proposed,
May 1988, 9-10
Styrene: May 1990, 8; and EPA prototype scheme for handling, Sept 1984, 3
Styrene-butadiene: Jan 1989, 4
Substitute compounds: and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 4
Sugar beet processing: VOC emissions from, May 1988, 4-5
Sulfur dioxide (S02): Jan 1988, 3; and New York's toxic air contaminant
stack assessment program, Aug 1985, 7; as refinery waste site
contaminant, July 1984, 2; as product of resource recovery facilities,
Mar 1986, 8-9
Sulfur oxides (SOx): as emissions from residential wood combustion devices,
May 1985, 4-5
Superfund sites: See also SARA Title III; emissions studied, May 1988, 6-7;
EPA issues directive on air stripper use at, Dec 1989, 9; hazard ranking
system, July 1989, 7-8
Surface coating: Nebraska regulation to limit emissions, Sept 1989, 3
Surface Impoundment Modeling System (SIMS): introduced by CTC, Dec 1989,
5-6
Systems Applications Human Exposure and Dosage (SHED): Feb 1984, 4
Systems Applications Human Exposure and Risk (SHEAR): Feb 1984, 4
T-BACT: See BACT
Tennessee: Chattanooga-Hamilton County APCB cobalt oxide permitting
proceeding, Jan 1988, 4-6
Teratogens: See Genetic toxicants
Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-(2378-TCDD): May 1990, 8; in city
incinerator ESP, Sept 1986, 8; and dioxin combustion source study,
July 1984, 7; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment
program, Aug 1985, 8; Sept 1986, 8
Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2-: July 1989, 7; and Michigan's use of air
stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
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Tetrachloroethylene: July 1989, 7; May 1990, 5; detected in Rhode Island
ambient air, Mar 1987, 6
Tetrahydrofuran: May 1989, 9
Tetrahydrothiophenes: as refinery waste site contaminant, July 1984, 2
Texas: air toxics control program, Dec 1983 (4)*; ; Houston Regional
Monitoring Program described, Mar 1988, 10; research division and
functions of TACB, July 1984, 5; and special study identifying toxic air
pollutants, Feb 1984, 6; spotlight on TACB, Jan 1988, 2-4; May 1989, 2-
Threshold Ambient Limit (TAL): May 1988, 3
Threshold Limit Values'1: See TLV
Tiers 1-7: See Dioxin, EPA National Strategy on
Tire Manufacturing: EPA proposes regulation of benzene from, Dec 1989, 11
TLV: See ACGIH-TLV
Toluene: Jan 1989, 7, 8; Sept 1989, 3; May 1990, 5, 6, 8; regulatory status
of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10; and EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring
program, Apr 1984, 5-6; health impacts assessed in gasoline study, Dec
1989, 6-8; and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate: listed as Extraordinarily Hazardous Substance in
New Jersey, Sept 1986, 5; possible accidental releases studied by CTC,
June 1987, 4-5
Total Suspended Particulate (TSP): Dec 1986, 8; and EPA emissions inventory
of carcinogens, June 1986, 10; and 1987 revision to NAAQS, Jan 1989, 4-
5
Toxic Air Monitoring System (TAMS): May 1989, 2; data currently available
described, June 1987, 9; established by EPA, Apr 1984, 7; to examine
monitoring capabilities, Dec 1989, 11; functions defined, Mar 1986, 10;
three monitoring sites established for, May 1985, 7
Toxic air pollutants: See Air pollutants, toxic
Toxic Catastrophe Prevention Act: passed by New Jersey, Sept 1986, 5
Toxic Release Inventory: May 1988, 1-2, 8; EPA surveys States' use of data
base, Jan 1990, 4-5; risk screening guide available, Sept 1989, 10-11
Toxic Release Inventory System (TRIS): access through NATICH data base, Dec
1989, 1-2; May 1990, 3-4
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Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA): and chromium ban for cooling towers,
May 1988, 9; and EPA prototype scheme for handling toxic air pollutants,
Sept 1984, 3-4; and Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program (CEPP),
June 1986, 3; Federal activities in, July 1984, 4; grants to States,
analysis of, July 1984, 4; and Indiana regulation, May 1990, 1;
information collection record keeping requirements of, and EPA air
toxics strategy, Aug 1985, 6-7; inventory of chemicals in commerce,
July 1984, 4; status report for existing chemicals, July 1984, 3
Tox1city model: and Michigan's air toxics control program, Feb 1984, 4
Trace metals: trends in Dayton, Ohio, monitoring of, Mar 1988, 8
Transfer operations: EPA proposes regulation of benzene from, Dec 1989, 11
Transformation models: improvements suggested, Jan 1988, 8
Treatment, Storage & Disposal Facilities (TSDF): Mar 1989, 11; as
contributor to air toxics problem, Sept 1984, 2; emissions inventory of
in Chicago, Nov 1987, 6-7; EPA/ESED report on soil sampling, Dec 1986,
11
Tribromomethane: and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
THchloroethane, 1,1,1- (TCA): Sept 1989, 3; May 1990, 5, 6, 8; detected in
Rhode Island ambient air, Mar 1987, 6; and EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring
program, Apr 1984, 5-6; link to ozone depletion, May 1989, 7-8; and
Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
THchloroethylene: Sept 1988, 3; Sept 1987, 12; July 1989, 7, 9; Sept 1989,
9; May 1990, 5, 6; regulatory status of under Clean Air Act, Dec 1985,
10; and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and Control
Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; as contributor to air toxics problem,
Sept 1984, 2-3; detected in Rhode Island ambient air, Mar 1987, 6; and
EPA/IEMD ambient monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6; EPA decision on,
Mar 1986, 9; and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs, Dec 1985, 4
Trichlorofluoromethane: and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs,
Dec 1985, 4
TSCA: See Toxic Substances Control Act
TSCA Assistance Office (TAG): functions of, Apr 1984, 7
Unit risk factors: used in Dayton, Ohio, monitoring, Mar 1988, 8;
Nov 1988, 3
Uranium: radon emissions from and indoor air, Mar 1986, 3-5; Uranium Mill
Tailing Radiation Control Act, Mar 1986, 3; mines as sources of
radionuclide emissions, Dec 1984, 8
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Urban aerosols: and Harvard School of Public Health project, May 1985, 7
Urban soup: Jan 1988, 4; EPA high risk program on, Mar 1987, 6; EPA/OAQPS
publishes report on, Jan 1989, 14; Maryland studies in Baltimore,
Jan 1989, 12; NPPB issues document on, Sept 1989, 10; Ohio ambient air
study, Nov 1988, 3; Ohio programs on, Mar 1987, 2; Philadelphia air
toxics program and, July 1989, 9; PIPQUIC used to study, July 1989, 4-
6; round-up on EPA's activities in all regions, Sept 1987, 6-7; Seattle
ambient air study of, July 1988, 2; study of Midwest conditions, Jan
1990, 9; JAMS to examine monitoring of, Dec 1989, 11; treated in EPA's
national air toxics strategy, Mar 1987, 9-10; Washington agency studies,
June 1987, 7; workshop on, Mar 1989, 9-10
Urea dust: Air RISC research on effects of, Nov 1988, 4-5
Users Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollutants (UNAMAP): Mar 1988, 2
Vanadium: and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment program,
Aug 1985, 7
Variance (for air toxics source): defined by Wisconsin, Sept 1986, 3
Vermont: regulates CFCs, July 1989, 11; spotlight on Vermont Agency of
National Resources, July 1989, 3-4; talc dust from quarry in, Nov 1988,
Vinyl chloride: and California Air Resources Contaminant Identification and
Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6
Vinylidene chloride: Jan 1989, 4; July 1989, 9; May 1990, 8; court decision
on and benzene regulation, Sept 1988, 9; regulatory status of under
Clean Air Act, Dec 1985, 10; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; EPA draft
source/emission factor report on, Dec 1984, 9; and EPA report on
locating and estimating emissions of, Dec 1985, 11
Virginia: finds carbon disulfide violation, Dec 1989, 4-5; joins air
management association, May 1990, 2; noncriteria pollutant control rules
adopted, Dec 1984, 5-6
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): Nov 1987, 6; Jan 1988, 3; Nov 1988, 9;
Jan 1989, 4, 7; Mar 1990, 9; and air stripping, Dec 1985, 2-3; and
cancer, Dec 1984, 3; CTC publications on, Sept 1988, 4-5; emissions from
equipment leaks, Jan 1990, 2-3; and EPA air toxics monitoring data base,
June 1986, 11; and EPA emissions inventory of carcinogens, June 1986,
10; EPA/OAQPS report on, Nov 1987, 9; EPA Region X completes study of,
Sept 1987, 5-6; and fiberglass marine structures, May 1989, 7; Houston
monitoring program, Mar 1988, 10; Houston monitoring program and,
May 1988, 3-4; from Idaho sugar beet processing, May 1988, 4-5;
Louisiana prepares report on, May 1989, 9; Nebraska plans data
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Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) (continued): collection on, Sept 1989, 3;
North Carolina pollution prevention programs reduces, Sept 1989, 7;
Ontario air toxics assessment, Mar 1988,7; removed by air stripping, Dec
1989, 9; removed in vacuum extraction process, Jan 1990, 10; surface
impoundment model to assist in estimating, Dec 1989, 5-6; as tracers of
mobile source PM, May 1989, 5
Volatile Organic Sampling Train (VOST): procedures for, Aug 1985, 8
Waferboard: CTC report on manufacturing plants, Dec 1989, 6; plant studied
by CTC, June 1987, 4
Washington: agency conducts urban air toxics study, June 1987, 7; PSAPCA
evaluates air toxics program, Mar 1990, 6-7; Puget Sound Water Authority
evaluates atmospheric deposition, Dec 1989, 3-4; State proposes wood
smoke legislation, June 1987, 6-7; spotlight on PSAPCA, July 1988, 2-4
Waste-derived fuel: Allegheny County (PA) regulation to control burning of,
Dec 1986, 3; combustion and marketing of, Dec 1985, 4-5; New Jersey rule
on, Apr 1984, 2
Wastes, hazardous: and incineration at sea, Feb 1984, 6; and Puget Sound
waste-derived fuel regulation, Dec 1985, 5
Waste incineration: and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment
program, Aug 1985, 7-8; solid waste disposal options discussed,
Sept 1986, 10
Waste oil combustion: NESCAUM presentation on, Sept 1984, 8; and toxic
emissions, Dec 1984, 2
Waste oil handling and disposal: as risk assessment case study, Feb 1984, 5
Wastewater treatment: Sept 1988, 4; Mar 1989, 11; emissions inventory of in
Chicago, Nov 1987, 6-7; and EPA emissions inventory of carcinogens,
June 1986, 10; and New Jersey chemical accident prevention rule,
Mar 1988, 7
Water: use of air strippers for, Mar 1988, 9
Water quality analysis: conducted at incinerator ash pile, Sept 1986, 9
Water treatment plants: and New Jersey chemical accident prevention rule,
Mar 1988, 7
Wisconsin: program on hazardous air pollutants, Sept 1986, 2-4
Wood combustion, residential: Mar 1989, 11; and IACP field studies,
Dec 1985, 5-7
Wood preservatives: bibliography of, Dec 1985, 9
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Mood smoke: and Aspen, Colorado, regulation on woodburning, June 1986, 7-8;
IACP studies nighttime plumes, Sept 1989, 5; and IARC evaluation of
mutagenic activities of photo-oxidation products, June 1986, 5-6; Maine
conducts assessment of, Dec 1986, 7-8; measurement of in IACP project to
identify airborne carcinogens, Mar 1986, 7; mutagenicity of emissions
of, Nov 1988, 3-4; State of Washington proposes legislation on,
June 1987, 6-7; study on woodstove emissions, Jan 1988, 11; tracers
studied, June 1987, 9
Woodstoves: See also Combustion, residential wood-fired; and catalytic
combustors, May 1985, 4-5; certification of in Washington State,
July 1988, 4; emissions from analyzed by GC/MI-R, Sept 1987, 13;
emissions from and conference on, Feb 1985, 6; emissions measured by
IACP, Dec 1986, 9-10; and EPA Six Months Study, Apr 1984, 5; field study
of conducted in Vermont and New York, Dec 1986, 8; included in Maine's
wood smoke assessment, Dec 1986, 7-8; methods for sampling emissions of,
Sept 1988, 11-12; operating characteristics and relation to smoke
tracers, June 1987, 9; "reg neg" used in drafting NSPS covering, Dec
1986, 7; as research area for AEERL, Feb 1985, 2-3; study of emissions
of, Jan 1988, 11; Washington State proposes legislation to control
emissions from, June 1987, 6; Washington State regulation on, July 1988,
Wood treatment: Sept 1988, 4
Working group, NATICH: appointment of, Dec 1983 (1, 3)*; approves NATICH
objectives and guidelines, Feb 1984, 1
Workplace exposure guidelines: Wisconsin recommendations for, Sept 1986, 3
Xylene: Jan 1989, 7, 8; May 1990, 8; and California Air Resources Contaminant
Identification and Control Process, Dec 1984, 5; May 1985, 6; detected
in Rhode Island ambient air, Mar 1987, 6; and EPA/IEMD ambient
monitoring program, Apr 1984, 5-6; health impacts assessed in gasoline
study, Dec 1989, 6-8; and Michigan's use of air stripping of VOCs,
Dec 1985, 4
Zinc: May 1990, 5, 6; and New York's toxic air contaminant stack assessment
program, Aug 1985, 7
Zinc oxide plants: as inorganic arsenic emissions sources, Sept 1984, 9
Zinc smelters, primary: as inorganic arsenic emissions sources,
Sept 1984, 9
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1991-281-72y28>(6't
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US EPA Region 5 Library
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 5, Library (PI-12J)
77 West Jackson Boulevard, 12th Floor
Chicago, IL 60604-3590
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