United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office Of Air Quality
Planning And Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
EPA-453/R-01-006
February 2001
FINAL REPORT
Air
National Emission Standards for Hazardous
Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Coke Ovens:
Pushing, Quenching, and Battery Stacks -
Background Information for Proposed
Standards
Final Report
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EPA-453/R-01-006
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for
Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and Battery Stacks - Background
Information for Proposed Standards
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Metals Group, MD-13
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Prepared Under Contract By:
Research Triangle Institute
Center for Environmental Analysis
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
February 2001
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This report has been reviewed by the Emission Standards Division of the Office of Air Quality Planning
and Standards of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication.
Mention of trade names or commercial products is not intended to constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use. Copies of this report are available through the Library Services (MD-35), U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, or from the National Technical
Information Services 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 1-1
1.1 STATUTORY BASIS 1-1
1.2 SELECTION OF SOURCE CATEGORY 1-2
2. OVERVIEW OF THE COKEMAKING INDUSTRY 2-1
2.1 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION 2-1
2.2 PROCESS DESCRIPTION 2-5
2.2.1 Coal Preparation and Charging 2-6
2.2.2 Thermal Distillation/Pushing/Quenching 2-7
2.2.3 By-product Recovery Process 2-9
2.2.4 Non-recovery Process 2-11
2.3 SUMMARY OF CURRENT REGULATIONS 2-13
2.3.1 Pushing Regulations — Fugitive Emissions 2-13
2.3.2 Regulations for Pushing Control Devices 2-14
2.3.3 Quenching Regulations 2-17
2.3.4 Battery Stack Regulations 2-17
2.4 REFERENCES 2-21
3. EMISSION POINTS AND CONTROL TECHNIQUES 3-1
3.1 PUSHING 3-2
3.1.1 Systematic Operation and Maintenance 3-2
3.1.2 Capture and Control Systems 3-3
3.1.3 Moveable Hood / Fixed Duct 3-4
3.1.4 Coke Side Shed 3-8
3.1.5 Mobile Scrubber Car 3-9
3.2 QUENCHING 3-11
3.2.1 Overview of Wet Quenching 3-11
3.2.2 Overview of Dry Quenching 3-13
3.2.3 Baffles 3-14
3.2.4 Water Quality and Coke Quality 3-15
3.2.5 Offset Quench Towers /Deflectors 3-15
3.2.6 Factors Affecting Performance 3-16
3.3 BATTERY STACKS 3-16
3.3.1 Continuous Opacity Monitors 3-18
3.3.2 Systematic Operation and Maintenance 3-19
3.4 REFERENCES 3-26
4. MODEL BATTERIES 4-1
4.1 APPROACH 4-1
4.2 BATTERY INFORMATION 4-1
4.3 MODEL DEVELOPMENT 4-2
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4.4 REFERENCES 4-2
5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 5-1
5.1 DERIVATION OF EMISSION FACTORS FOR PUSHING 5-1
5.1.1 Derivation of an Emission Factor from the Bethlehem Steel Test Results
5-4
5.1.2 Derivation of an Emission Factor from the ABC Coke Test Results .. 5-5
5.1.3 Frequency of Green Pushes 5-7
5.1.4 Estimates of Nationwide Emissions 5-8
5.2 EMISSIONS FROM BATTERY STACKS 5-10
5.2.1 Relationship Between Opacity and Concentration 5-10
5.2.2 Adjustment for Volumetric Flow Rate 5-14
5.2.3 Extrapolation to Other Batteries 5-14
5.3 EMISSIONS FROM QUENCHING 5-18
5.3.1 HAP Data for Quenching 5-18
5.3.2 Extrapolation to Other Batteries 5-20
5.4 OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 5-22
5.5 REFERENCES 5-22
6. COSTS 6-1
6.1 APPROACH 6-1
6.2 COSTS FOR MACT PERFORMANCE 6-1
6.3 COSTS FOR MODEL BATTERIES 6-4
6.4 DEVELOPMENT OF COSTS FOR THE MODEL BATTERIES 6-5
6.5 ESTIMATES OF NATIONWIDE COSTS 6-8
6.6 REFERENCES 6-16
Appendix A Documentation for the MACT Floor A-l
Appendix B Opacity Data for Pushing - Average Per Push B-l
Appendix C COM Data - Daily Averages C-l
11
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
acfm Actual cubic foot per minute
BFG Blast furnace gas
BSO Benzene soluble organics
Btu British thermal units
C Centigrade
CAA Clean Air Act
CDQ Coke dry quenching
cm Centimeter
CO Carbon monoxide
COG Coke oven gas
COMS Continuous opacity monitoring system(s)
dscf Dry standard cubic foot
EOM Extractable organic matter
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
F Fahrenheit
ft Foot
g Gram
gal Gallon
gr Grain
hr Hour
HAP Hazardous air pollutant(s)
H2O Water
H2S Hydrogen sulfide
in Inch
kg Kilogram
in
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KIDC Kress Indirect Dry Cooling
L Liter
Ib Pound
m Meter
MACT Maximum achievable control technology
Mg Megagram
mg Milligram
mm Millimeter
MW Megawatt
NESHAP National emission standard for hazardous air pollutants
NOX Nitrogen oxide
PAH Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
PM Paniculate matter
POM Polycyclic organic matter
ppm Parts per million
scf standard cubic foot
SO2 Sulfur dioxide
IDS Total dissolved solids
VOC Volatile organic compound(s)
IV
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1. INTRODUCTION
This document summarizes the background information used in the development of
MACT standards for the coke ovens: pushing, quenching, and battery stacks source category.
All references cited in this document are available in EPA Docket A-2000-34. In addition, this
document will be supplemented by technical memoranda that document steps in the standards
development process not covered in this compilation of background information.
The remainder of this chapter provides a summary of the statutory basis for MACT
standards and the selection of this source category for rulemaking. Chapter 2 provides an
overview of the industry and cokemaking process. Emission points and emission control
technologies and their performance are summarized in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 presents the
determination of the MACT floor. Model plants (for use in estimating potential impacts) and
options for emission control and monitoring are discussed in Chapter 5. Environmental and
energy impacts are estimated for the model plants and for all plants nationwide in Chapter 6.
The estimated costs for emission control and monitoring are given in Chapter 7. Appendices A,
B, and C summarize the emissions data.
1.1 STATUTORY BASIS
Section 112 of the CAA as amended requires the EPA to develop NESHAP for the
control of HAP from both new and existing major or area sources. The statute requires the
standard to reflect the maximum achievable reduction in HAP emissions taking into
consideration the cost of achieving the emission reduction, nonair quality health and
environmental reduction, and energy requirements. This level of control is commonly referred to
as MACT.
Emission reductions may be accomplished through application of measures, processes,
methods, systems or techniques including, but not limited to: (1) reducing the volume of, or
eliminating emissions of, HAP through process changes, substitution of materials, or other
modifications, (2) enclosing systems or processes to eliminate emissions, (3) collecting,
capturing, or treating HAP when released from a process, stack, storage or fugitive emissions
point, (4) design, equipment, work practice, or operational standards (including requirements for
1-1
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operator training or certification) as provided in subsection (h), or (5) a combination of the above
[section 112(d)(2)].
1.2 SELECTION OF SOURCE CATEGORY
Section 112 specifically directs the EPA to develop a list of all major and area source
categories as appropriate emitting one or more of the HAP listed in section 112(b). The EPA
published an initial list of source categories on July 16, 1992 (57 FR 31576) and may amend the
list at any time. A schedule for promulgation of standards for each source category was
published on December 3, 1993 (58 FR 63941).
Coke ovens: pushing, quenching, and battery stacks is one of the 174 categories of
sources listed. As defined in the EPA report, "Documentation for Developing the Initial Source
Category List" (EPA-450/3-91-030), this category consists of plants engaged in the
manufacturing of coke by the destructive distillation of coal. This source category includes, but
is not limited to, the following process operations: (1) pushing, (2) quenching, and (3) battery
stack (also known as the underfire or combustion stack).
This listing was based on the Administrator's determination that pushing, quenching, and
battery stacks may reasonably be anticipated to emit several of the listed HAP in sufficient
quantity to be designated as major sources. The EPA schedule for promulgation of the section
112 emission standards (58 FR 63941, December 3, 1993) requires MACT rules for the pushing,
quenching, and battery stacks source category to be promulgated by November 15, 2000. If
MACT standards for this source category are not promulgated by May 15, 2002 (18 months
following the promulgation deadline), section 112(j) of the CAA requires State or local agencies
with approved permit programs to issue permits or revise existing permits containing either an
equivalent emission limitation or an alternative emission limitation for HAP control.
1-2
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2. OVERVIEW OF THE COKEMAKING INDUSTRY
2.1 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION
Coke is one of the basic materials used in blast furnaces for the conversion of iron ore
into iron, most of which is subsequently processed into steel. The major portion (92% in 1998)
of coke produced in the United States is used for this purpose.1 Coke is also used by a number of
other industries, namely iron foundries, nonferrous smelters, and chemical plants.
Approximately 97% of the coke produced in the U.S. is produced at 23 plants that use the by-
product, or slot oven process. This conversion of coal to coke is performed in long, narrow slot
ovens which are designed to allow separation and recovery of the volatile by-products that evolve
during the coking process. Approximately 3% of coke is produced at two plants that use a non-
recovery process, where the resulting volatiles are not recovered as by-products but are used as
fuel for coking.2
Between 1990 and 1995, raw steel production increased by 4 million tons in the U.S, yet
coke consumption decreased by 3.6 million tons. This is primarily due to the increased use of
supplemental fuels in blast furnaces such as granular coal, pulverized coal, and natural gas, all of
which reduce the amount of coke required per ton of iron produced. All blast furnaces operating
in North America now inject or co-inject supplemental fuels to increase productivity and
decrease coke consumption.3
There has been a steady decline in the number of coke plants over the past several years
for many reasons, including the increased use of supplemental fuels, a decline in the demand for
iron and steel, and increased production of steel by mini-mills (electric arc furnaces that do not
use coke). Table 2-1 compares the number of coke plants, batteries, and ovens in 1975 and 1998.
Even with decreased coke consumption, the extensive reduction in operating coke plants has
resulted in a coke deficit. As a result, the U.S. has had to rely more and more on foreign-
produced coke. In 1995 the U.S. imported nearly 3.5 million tons of coke, primarily from Japan
(53%) and China (40%). 4'5
New technology under development may decrease the demand for coke in the future.
Research funded primarily by the U.S. Department of Energy is currently underway to develop
2-1
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direct steelmaking technology that would not require the use of coke as a raw material. This
technology is expected to involve the feeding of carbon-containing iron oxides into the top of a
reactor, and the feeding of combustion oxygen into the bottom of the reactor to refine the charge
directly into crude liquid steel.6
TABLE 2-1. COMPARISON OF U.S. COKE PRODUCERS IN 1975 AND 199814
Number of:
By-Product Coke Plants
Non-Recovery Coke Plants
Batteries
Ovens
1975
62
0
231
13,324
1998
23
2
68
3,828
The coke making industry consists of two sectors, integrated plants and merchant plants.
Integrated plants are owned by or affiliated with iron- and steel-producing companies who
produce furnace coke primarily for consumption in their own blast furnaces. In 1998 there were
14 integrated plants owned by nine integrated iron and steel companies. Integrated plants
accounted for approximately 80% of total U.S. coke production in 1998. Independent merchant
plants produce furnace and/or foundry coke for sale on the open market. There were 11 merchant
plants in existence in 1998. Merchant plants accounted for about 20% of the total coke produced
in the U.S in 1998. These firms sell most of their products to other firms engaged in blast
furnace, foundry, and nonferrous smelting operations. Approximately 60% of the merchant coke
produced in the U.S. is used in blast furnaces, and 40% is used in foundries or other applications.
Information about U.S. coke plants is summarized in Tables 2-2 and 2-3.li2
Although coke was produced in 11 States in 1998, 61% of the production capacity was in
three States: Indiana, Pennsylvania, and Alabama. Indiana, with 5.6 million tons of potential
output, had the highest potential output and accounted for 26% of U.S. coke capacity.
Pennsylvania had the capacity to produce 5.3 million tons of coke, and Alabama could
2-2
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TABLE 2-2. COKE PLANTS OPERATED BY INTEGRATED IRON AND STEEL PRODUCERS
1,4
Plant
1 . Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
2. AK Steel, Middletown, OH
3. AK Steel, Ashland, KY
4. Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
5. Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
6. Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
7. Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
8. LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
9. LTV Steel, Warren, OH
10. National Steel, Ecorse, MI
1 1 . National Steel, Granite City, IL
12. US Steel, Clairton, PA
13. US Steel, Gary, IN
14. Wheeling-Pittsburgh, East Steubenville, WV
Totals
Battery
1
2
3
3
4
1
2
7
8
1
2
3
4
2
3
2
4
5
A
B
1
2
3
7
8
9
13
14
15
19
20
B
2
3
5
7
1
2
3
8
40
Number of
ovens
50
50
76
76
70
82
82
76
76
63
63
63
63
65
65
60
85
85
45
45
64
64
64
62
64
64
61
61
61
87
87
75
57
57
77
77
47
47
51
79
2,646
Furnace Coke
Production*
(1 Onn tnn«/yr)
246.8
246.8
410.0
355.4
587.5
814.0
858.3
375.8
371.9
189.4
115.3
222.3
173.0
208.4
312.6
590.2
543.2
908.7
285.3
285.4
315.0
315.0
315.0
320.0
320.0
320.0
332.3
332.3
332.3
537.0
537.0
878.3
640.0
619.0
269.5
284.9
137.4
137.4
137.4
837.2
16,017
Other Coke
Production*
(1 Onn tnWyr)
10
10
0
0
0
40.4
42.4
0
0
4.4
2.7
5.2
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
4
24.3
155
* = production data from 1997-98
2-3
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TABLE 2-3. COKE PLANTS OPERATED BY MERCHANT COKE PRODUCERS, 19981'4
Plant
1 . ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
2. Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
3. Empire Coke, Holt, AL
4. Erie Coke, Erie, PA
5. Indiana Harbor Coke, East Chicago, IN**
(Non-recovery)
6. Jewell Coal and Coke, Vansant, VA
(Non-recovery)
7. Koppers, Monessen, PA
8. New Boston, Portsmouth, OH
9. Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
10. Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
1 1 . Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
Total
Battery
1
5
6
E
H
1
1
2
A
B
A
B
C
D
2D
2E
3B
3C
3F
3G
IB
2
2
1
3
4
5
2
28
No. of ovens
78
25
29
47
41
72
40
20
23
35
67
67
67
67
18
27
26
36
17
18
37
19
70
56
30
30
60
60
1,182
Coke production (1,000 tons/yr)*
Blast
fiimarp
0
12
14
0
0
173
0
0
0
0
325
325
325
325
90
135
130
180
85
90
237
122
318
354
127
127
15
0
3,509
Foundry
536
89
103
89
78
201
95
48
48
74
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
131
136
1,628
Other
0
0
0
16
14
64
0
0
8
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
34
64
216
* = production data from 1997-98
**= production at Indiana Harbor Coke is estimated
2-4
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FIGURE 2-1. LOCATIONS OF U.S. COKE PLANTS
produce 2.1 million tons of coke.1'5 The locations of all coke plants in the U.S. are presented in
Figure 2-1.
The yield of coke from coal is typically about 70 %. This production does not include
breeze, the undersize coke that results from the crushing and screening of the coke after it is
removed from the oven. Because of its small size, breeze is not suitable for use in ferrous blast
furnaces, but is used for other purposes such as the sintering of iron-bearing dust and fine ores
and as boiler fuel.2'4
2.2 PROCESS DESCRIPTION
The majority of U.S. coke is produced with the by-product process; 23 of the 25 existing
coke plants in 1998 used this process. The following discussion addresses the more common
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by-product process first and then describes the non-recovery process and the major differences
between the two processes that affect emissions.4
2.2.1 Coal Preparation and Charging
The coal that is charged to by-product coke ovens is usually a blend of two or more low,
medium, or high volatile coals that are generally low in sulfur and ash. Blending is required to
control the properties of the resulting coke, to optimize the quality and quantity of by-products,
and to avoid the expansion exhibited by types of coal that may cause excessive pressure on the
oven walls during the coking process.4
Coal is usually received on railroad cars or barges. Conveyor belts transfer the coal as
needed from the barges or from a coal storage pile to mixing bins where the various types of coal
are stored. The coal is then transferred from the mixing bins to a crusher where it is pulverized
to a preselected size between 0.15 and 3.2 mm. The desired size depends on the response of the
coal to coking reactions and the ultimate desired coke strength. Low volatile coals coke more
readily if the particle size is small, and smaller particles are reported to increase coke strength.2'4
The pulverized coal is then mixed and blended, and sometimes water and oil are added to
control the bulk density of the mixture. The prepared coal mixture is transported to the coal
storage bunkers on the coke oven battery (see Figure 2-2). A weighed amount or specific
volume of coal is discharged from the bunker into a larry car - a charging vehicle that moves
along the top of the battery. The larry car is positioned over the empty, hot oven (called
"spotting"), the lids on the charging ports are removed, and the coal is discharged from the
hoppers of the larry car into the oven. To minimize the escape of gases from the oven during
charging, steam aspiration is used at most plants to draw gases from the space above the charged
coal into a collecting main.4
Peaks of coal form directly under the charging ports as the oven is filled. These peaks are
leveled by a steel bar that is inserted by the pusher machine through a small door on the side of
the oven, called the leveler or "chuck" door. The leveling process aids uniform coking and
provides a clear vapor space and exit tunnel for the gases that evolve during coking to flow to the
gas collection system. After filling, the chuck door and the topside charging ports are closed; the
2-6
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latter may be sealed with a wet clay mixture called luting. The aspiration is turned off, and the
gases are directed into the offtake system and collecting main.2'4
2.2.2 Thermal Distillation/Pushing/Quenching
Thermal distillation takes place in groups of ovens called batteries. A battery consists of
20 to 100 adjacent ovens with common side walls made of high quality silica and other types of
refractory brick. Typically, the individual slot ovens are 11 to 16.8 m (36 to 55 ft) long, 0.35 to
0.5 m (1.1 to 1.6 ft) wide, and 3.0 to 6.7 m (9.8 to 22 ft) high. The wall separating adjacent
ovens, as well as each end wall, is made up of a series of heating flues. The vast majority of by-
product batteries in the U.S. have vertical flues (56 out of 58 batteries). Two batteries at Empire
Coke in Holt, AL, however, have horizontal flues. Both are Semet Solvay batteries which is an
antiquated design built in the early 1900s. Battery 1 was built in 1903 and is comprised of 40
ovens, and Battery 2 was built in 1913 and has 20 ovens. Unlike vertical flue batteries which
include 25 to 37 individual flues along each oven wall, the flue system of the Semet Solvay
design includes only five horizontal flues which convey the combustion gases from top to bottom
in serpentine fashion.
The heating (underfire) systems fall into two general classes: underjet and gun-flue. In
the underjet heating system, the flue gas is introduced into each flue from piping in the basement
of the battery. The gas flow to each flue can be metered and controlled. The gun-flue system
introduces the gas through a horizontal gas duct extending the length of each wall slightly below
the oven floorline. Short ducts lead upward to a nozzle brick at the bottom of each of the vertical
flues.1 At any time, half of the flues in a given wall will be burning gas while the other half will
be conveying waste heat from the combustion flues to a heat exchanger and then to the
combustion stack. Every 20 to 30 minutes the battery "reverses," and the former waste heat flues
become combustion flues while the former combustion flues become waste heat flues. This
process avoids melting the battery brick work (the flame temperature is above the melting point
of the brick) and provides more uniform heating of the coal mass.2'4
Each oven holds between 14 and 23 Mg (15 and 25 tons) of coal. Offtake flues remove
gases that evolve during the destructive distillation process. Process heat comes from the
combustion of gases between or beneath the coking chambers. The operation of each oven in the
2-7
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battery is cyclic, but the batteries usually contain a sufficiently large number of ovens so that the
yield of by-products is essentially continuous. The individual ovens are charged and discharged
at approximately equal time intervals during the coking cycle. Coking continues for 15 to
18 hours to produce blast furnace coke and 25 to 30 hours to produce foundry coke. The coking
time is determined by the coal mixture, moisture content, rate of underfilling, and the desired
properties of the coke.2 When demand for coke is low, coking times can be extended to 24 hours
for blast furnace coke and to 48 hours for foundry coke. Coking temperatures generally range
from 900 to 1,100 °C (1,650 to 2,000 °F) and are on the higher side of the range to produce blast
furnace coke.4
During the coking process, the charge is in direct contact with the heated wall surfaces
and develops into an aggregate "plastic zone." As thermal energy is absorbed, the plastic zone
thickens and merges toward the middle of the charge. Volatile gases escape in front of the
developing zone due to heat progression from the side walls. The maximum temperature
attained at the center of the coke mass is usually 1,100 to 1,500 °C. At this temperature, all
volatile matter from the coal mass evaporates and forms a high quality metallurgical coke.6 Air
is prevented from leaking into the ovens by maintaining a positive back pressure of about 10 mm
(0.4 in) of water. The gases and hydrocarbons that evolve during thermal distillation are
removed through the offtake system and sent to the by-product plant for recovery.2'4
Each oven is dampered off the collection main near the end of the coking cycle, typically
when third or fourth in line to be pushed. Once an oven is dampered off, the standpipe cap is
opened to relieve pressure. Volatile gases exiting through the open standpipe are ignited if they
fail to self-ignite and are allowed to burn until the oven has been pushed. At some batteries a
draft is created through the top of the oven by opening both standpipes (on a double main battery)
or a charging lid while the standpipe is open. This practice, known as beehiving, can result in
thick dark emissions if the oven is not fully coked.1
At the end of the coking cycle, doors at both ends of the oven are removed, and the
incandescent coke is pushed out the coke side of the oven by a ram which is extended from the
pusher machine. The coke is pushed through a coke guide into a special rail car, called a quench
car, which traverses the coke side of the battery. The quench car carries the coke to a quench
tower, typically located at the end of a row of batteries. Inside the quench tower, the hot coke is
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deluged with water so that it will not continue to burn after being exposed to air. The quenched
coke is discharged onto an inclined "coke wharf to allow excess water to drain and to cool the
coke to a reasonable temperature.4 Gates along the lower edge of the wharf control the rate that
the coke falls on the conveyor belt that carries it to a crushing and screening system. The coke is
then crushed and screened to obtain the optimum size for the particular blast furnace operation in
which it is to be used. The undersize coke generated by the crushing and screening operations is
either used in other steel plant processes, stockpiled, or sold.2'4 Figure 2-2 illustrates the major
process equipment of a by-product coke oven battery. Note that the coke side is the side where
the coke is dumped and quenched, and the pusher side is the side from which the pushing ram
operates.
2.2.3 By-product Recovery Process
Gases evolved during coking leave the coke oven through standpipes, pass into
goosenecks, and travel through a damper valve to the gas collection main which directs the gases
to the by-product plant. These gases account for 20 to 35% by weight of the initial coal
charge and are composed of water vapor, tar, light oils, heavy hydrocarbons, and other chemical
compounds.4
The raw coke oven gas exits the ovens at temperatures estimated at 760 to 870 °C (1,400
to 1,600 ° F) and is shock cooled by spraying recycled flushing liquor in the gooseneck. This
spray cools the gas to 80 to 100 °C (180 to 210 °F), precipitates tar, condenses various vapors,
and serves as the carrying medium for the condensed compounds. These products are separated
from the liquor in a decanter and are subsequently processed to yield tar and tar derivatives.4
The gas is then passed either to a final tar extractor or to an electrostatic precipitator for
additional tar removal. When the gas leaves the tar extractor, it carries 75% of the ammonia and
95% of the light oil (primarily benzene, toluene, and xylene) originally present in the raw coke
oven gas. The ammonia is recovered either as an aqueous solution by water absorption or as
ammonium sulfate salt. Ammonium sulfate is crystalized in a saturator
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to
o
Quenching
Emissions
Charge Lid .
Emissions Combustion I
V Stack Emissions)
i
Door Emissions Charging
Emissions
Standpipe
Caps
Pushing
Emissions
A
Offtake
Emissions
4
Quench Tower
Combustion
(Underfire) Stack
Coke Guide
Quench Car
»- Emission stream
FIGURE 2-2. BY-PRODUCT COKE OVEN BATTERY SHOWING MAJOR EMISSION POINTS.
-------
which contains a solution of 5 to 10% sulfuric acid and is removed by an air injector or
centrifugal pump. The salt is dried in a centrifuge and removed.4
The gas leaving the saturator at about 60 °C (140 °F) is taken to final coolers or
condensers where it is typically cooled by indirect heat exchange to approximately 24 °C (75 °F).
The cooled gas is passed into a light oil or benzol scrubber, over which is circulated a heavy
petroleum fraction called wash oil or coal-tar oil which serves as the absorbent medium. The oil
is sprayed in the top of the packed absorption tower while the gas flows up through the tower.
The wash oil absorbs about 2 to 3% of its weight in light oil, with a removal efficiency of about
95% of the light oil vapor in the gas. The rich wash oil is passed through a countercurrent steam
stripping column. The steam and light oil vapors pass upward from the still through a heat
exchanger to a condenser and water separator. The light oil may be sold as crude or processed to
recover benzene, toluene, xylene, and solvent naphtha.4
After tar, ammonia, and light oil removal, the gas undergoes a final desulfurization
process at most coke plants to remove H2S before being used as fuel. The coke oven gas has a
rather high heating value, on the order of 550 Btu/scf. Typically, 35 to 40% of the gas is returned
to fuel the coke oven combustion system, and the remainder is used for other heating needs or is
sold.4
2.2.4 Non-recovery Process
In 1998 there were two non-recovery plants operating in the U.S. (Jewel Coke and Coal
Company in Vansant, Virginia and Indiana Harbor Coke in East Chicago, Indiana). As the name
implies, this process does not recover the numerous chemical byproducts as discussed in the
previous section. All of the coke oven gas is burned, and instead of recovery of chemicals, this
process offers the potential for heat recovery and cogeneration of electricity. The Jewel Coke
plant does not recover the waste heat. However, the Indiana Harbor facility takes advantage of
the economic incentives of recovering the waste heat. In addition to the Indiana Harbor Coke
plant, an 87-MW co-generation facility was also constructed; both began operations in mid 1998.
This new non-recovery coke plant incinerates all volatile gases produced during coking and
2-11
-------
leaves sulfur as the only contaminant. The sulfur (SO2) is then removed from the exhaust gases
using a scrubber. M'7
Non-recovery ovens are of a horizontal design (as opposed to the vertical slot oven used
in the by-product process) with a typical range of 30 to 60 ovens per battery. The oven is
generally between 9 and 14 m (30 and 45 ft) long and 1.8 to 3.7 m (6 to 12 ft) wide. The internal
oven chamber is usually semicylindrical in shape with the apex of the arch 1.5 to 3.7 m (5 to
12 ft) above the oven floor. Each oven is equipped with two doors, one on each side of the
horizontal oven, but there are no lids or offtakes as found on by-product ovens. The oven is
charged through the oven doorway with a coal conveyor rather than from the top through
charging ports.4
After an oven is charged, carbonization begins as a result of the hot oven brick work from
the previous charge. Combustion products and volatiles that evolve from the coal mass are
burned in the chamber above the coal, in the gas pathway through the walls, and beneath the
oven in sole flues. Each oven chamber has two to six downcomers in each oven wall, and the
sole flue may be subdivided into separate flues that are supplied by the downcomers. The sole
flue is designed to heat the bottom of the coal charge by conduction while radiant and convective
heat flow is produced above the coal charge.4
Primary combustion air is introduced into the oven chamber above the coal through one
of several dampered ports in the door. The dampers are adjusted to maintain the proper
temperature in the oven crown. Outside air may also be introduced into the sole flues; however,
additional air is usually required in the sole flue only for the first hour or two after charging. All
gas flow is a result of the natural draft (there are no exhausters), and the oven is maintained under
a negative pressure. Consequently, the ovens do not leak as do the by-product ovens maintained
under a positive pressure. The combustion gases are removed from the ovens and directed to the
stack through a waste heat tunnel that is located on top of the battery centerline and extends the
length of the battery.4
Pushing and quenching operations are similar to those at by-product coke oven batteries.
One difference in pushing is that the height of fall of the hot coke is less for the non-recovery
oven because of its horizontal rather than vertical design. With respect to emissions, there are
2-12
-------
two major advantages of the nonrecovery process: (1) the ovens operate under negative pressure
which eliminates leaks from doors, lids and offtakes during coking, and (2) wastewater and solid
wastes associated with by-product recovery plants are absent. Emissions occur during charging,
pushing, and quenching, however.4
2.3 SUMMARY OF CURRENT REGULATIONS
State and local regulations limit emissions from pushing, quenching, and battery stacks at
coke ovens, which operate in 11 States. The standards vary both in terms of format and emission
limits.
Relative to pushing, one of the most common formats is the average opacity of four
pushes determined from the six highest consecutive opacity readings taken at 15-second
intervals. This format is consistent with Method 9 in Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 60. Other
batteries have opacity limits based on a single push, and some have limits based on any
instantaneous opacity observation.
Relative to quenching, most State and local regulations prohibit the use of untreated
wastewater and limit TDS in the make-up water used for quenching, require the use of baffles for
git elimination, and include specifications for baffle coverage.
Most State and local regulations include opacity limits for battery stacks. Examples are
20% opacity for 6-minute averages, 20% opacity for 3 minutes per hour with a cap of 60%, and
30% opacity with a cap ranging from 30 to 60% for 8 minutes per hour. Many regulations
require the operation of COMS for diagnostic purposes and as performance indicators. Some
State and local agencies also require the use of COMS for continuous compliance
determinations.
2.3.1 Pushing Regulations ~ Fugitive Emissions
State and local regulations for fugitive emissions from pushing are summarized in Table
2-4 in terms of relative stringency, and more details are given in the following discussion.
Averaging. All existing standards use visible emission observers certified under EPA
Method 9 to read opacity, typically at 15-second intervals. Some States average all the
observations during a push and others average only the six highest consecutive readings per
2-13
-------
push. In most cases, several 15-second readings are averaged together, such as over the course of
a push, over 4 pushes, or over 6 minutes of observations (average of 24 15-second readings).
The exceptions are Allegheny County Pennsylvania, the State of Utah, and the State of Alabama,
which do not utilize averaging. Allegheny County and Alabama require that emissions be read
continuously (rather than every 15 seconds). Utah requires that readings be taken at 15-second
intervals, but compliance determinations are based on any single reading.
Continuous, or instantaneous, readings could result in a standard that is difficult to
achieve on a continuous basis if compliance was determined daily. For example, data from
instantaneous readings in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania were evaluated; a total of 1,904
pushing observations taken at 18 batteries resulted in an average of 92% compliance with the
County's 20% opacity standard. If compliance was determined daily, then the average battery
would not be in compliance 29 days out of the year (or 8% of the time).8
Opacity During Travel Most pushing regulations include travel to the quench tower,
but a few administer separate limits for the time coke is being pushed from the oven and the time
the quench car travels to the quench tower. Separate standards for travel are listed in Table 2-4
under "Travel Opacity;" most are listed as "in push," indicating that travel to the quench tower is
subject to the same standard as the push.
Exceptions. The State of Alabama has the only regulation that allows an exception to the
opacity standard: one or two pushes per hour (depending on plant) may exceed 40% opacity.
2.3.2 Regulations for Pushing Control Devices
Standards for pushing emissions control devices (e.g., baghouses, wet stationary
scrubbers, and mobile scrubber cars) exist in three different formats: (1) percent opacity at the
control device stack, (2) pounds of particulate per ton of coke (Ib/t), and (3) grains of particulate
per dry standard cubic feet of coke (gr/dscf). Some batteries are subject to an opacity limit as
well as an emission limit (Ib/t or gr/dscf). State and local regulations for pushing emissions
control devices are summarized in Table 2-5.
2-14
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TABLE 2-4. REGULATIONS FOR FUGITIVE PUSHING EMISSIONS - RANKED
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Rank
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
Plant
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
Wheeling-Pitt, E Steubenville,WV
Wheeling-Pitt, E Steubenville,WV
National Steel, Granite City, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
New Boston, Portsmouth, OH
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Indiana Harbor, E. Chicago, IN
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
National Steel, Granite City, IL
Bethlehem, Lackawanna, NY
Jewell Coke, Vansant, VA
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
Bethlehem, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem, Burns Harbor, IN
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Sloss, Birmingham, AL
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Battery
ID
A,B
IB, 2
1
1-3
7-9
13-15
19-20
B
1,2
3,4
5
1,2,3
8
B
3&4
W
4
2
2&3
5&7
A,B,C,D
1&2
2
E/H
1
A
7,8
2D,E;3B
C,F,G
2
1
2
1A
5&6
2,3
3,4,5
1,2
No. of
batteries
2
2
1
3
3
3
2
1
2
2
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
4
2
1
2
1
1
2
6
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
2
68
Push
Opacity
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
^>^C
Travel
Opacity
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
in push
in push
in push
10
10
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
in push
^>^C
Averaging1
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
per push
per push
per push**
per push
per push
per push
per push
per push
per push
3-min
4 pushes*
4 pushes*
4 pushes*
4 pushes*
4 pushes*
6-min
6-min
6-min
6-min
6-min
none
none
none
none
none
^>^C
Exceptions
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
l/hr>40
l/hr>40
l/hr>40
l/hr>40
2/hr>40
^>^C
1 Averaging:
"none"
" per push"
"per push**"
"4 pushes*"
indicates instantaneous readings are used.
means all 15-second readings are averaged over the course of a push.
means the observation of four consecutive pushes is required to determine compliance; the highest six
consecutive 15-second readings per push are used to calculate average opacity for each push.
means the highest six consecutive 15-second readings per push are used to calculate average opacity for each
push; four consecutive pushes are then averaged together for an overall average.
2-15
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TABLE 2-5. EMISSION LIMITS FOR PUSHING EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Indiana Harbor Coke Co., East
Chicago, IN
Jewell Coal and Coke, Vansant, VA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
National Steel, Granite City, IL
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Garv, IN
Battery ID
1A
5&6
1&2
3&4
W
1
2
7&8
E/H
1
A,B
3,4
1,2
A, B, C, D
2D, 2E, 3B,
3C, 3F, 3G
IB, 2
2
4
5
A&B
1
3,4,5
2
B
7-9
1-3
13-15
19-20
2&3
5&7
No. of
batteries
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
4
6
2
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
1
3
3
3
2
2
2
Control
Device
BH
BH
WS
BH
BH
WS
BH
BH
BH
BH
SC
BH
BH
BH
none
BH
BH
SC
BH
SC
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
SC
BH
Stack
Opacity
40
40
20
20
none
40
20
none
30
30
20
10
10
20
none
20
20
none
15
20
20
40
none
20
20
20
20
20
none
none
Ib/t of
Coke
none
none
0.04
0.03
none
0.04
0.04
0.07
0.04
0.04
none
none
none
0.04
none
none
0.03
none
0.02
0.04
0.04
none
0.07*
0.04
none
none
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
gr/dscf
none
none
none
none
0.03
none
none
none
none
none
0.02
0.004
0.004
none
none
0.02
none
0.05
none
none
0.01
none
none
none
0.01
0.01
0.01
none
none
none
*Tonawanda has a limit of 0.05 Ib/ton of coal, which is approximately 0.07 Ib/ton of coke.
BH = baghouse; SC = scrubber car; WS = stationary wet scrubber.
2-16
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2.3.3 Quenching Regulations
Twelve batteries at five plants are required to maintain baffles or to have properly
operating baffles in their quench tower(s). Thirteen batteries at seven plants are required to have
baffles that cover 95% of the cross sectional area of the quench tower. Twenty-four batteries at
11 plants have TDS limits on quench water ranging from 750 to 1,600 mg/L. Twenty-three
batteries at eight plants are required to use "clean" water (e.g. river water or a source other than
untreated process water) for quenching. State and local regulations for quenching are
summarized in Table 2-6.
2.3.4 Battery Stack Regulations
All State and local regulations use EPA Method 9 to determine battery stack opacity.
Current limits range from 10% to 40% opacity. Compliance determinations are typically made
by taking opacity readings every 15 seconds for 1 hour. Forty-three battery stacks at 17 plants
are also subject to a grain loading limit; these range from 0.008 to 0.05 gr/dscf.
Thirty-seven battery stacks at 17 plants are allowed an exception to the opacity standard.
Most are allowed up to 60% opacity for an aggregate of 3 to 8 min/hr (12 to 32, 15-second
readings in a 60-minute period). Battery #1 at Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, Indiana, is subject
to a 60% opacity limit of the cumulative total of 60 readings (15 minutes) in addition to a
standard 40% opacity limit. State and local regulations for battery stacks are summarized in
Table 2-7.
2-17
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TABLE 2-6. BASELINE REGULATIONS FOR QUENCHING
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Indiana Harbor Coke Co., East Chicago, IN
Jewell Coal and Coke, Vansant, VA
Jewell Coal and Coke, Vansant, VA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
National Steel, Granite City, IL
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Battery
ID
1A
5&6
1&2
3&4
W
1
2
7&8
E/H
1
A,B
3,4
1,2
A, B, C,
D
2D, 2E,
3B, 3C,
3F, 3G
IB, 2
2
4
5
A&B
1
3,4,5
2
B
7-9
1-3
13-15
19-20
2&3
5&7
No. of Batteries
Served by Tower
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
4
2
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
1
3
3
3
2
2
2
Are Baffles
Required?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
TDS Limit
(mg/L)
none
none
1,200*
750*
none
1,500
500
1,600
1,500
1,500
none
1,300
1,300
1,100
none*
none*
none*
1,500*
none
800*
1,200*
none*
none
1,600
none
none
none
none
none
none
none
* quench water quality is specified, i.e., no by-product plant effluent or process water shall be
used.
2-18
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TABLE 2-7. EMISSION LIMITS FOR BATTERY STACKS
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown,
OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns
Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Burns
Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel,
Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas,
Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas,
Indianapolis, IN
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Gulf States Steel,
Gadsden, AL
Koppers, Monessen, PA
Indiana Harbor Coke
Co., East Chicago, IN
Jewell Coal and Coke,
Vansant, VA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
Battery
ID
1A, 5, 6
1,2
3&4
3
1
2
7,8
1
E,H
1,2
A,B
1,2,3,
4
2,3
1, IB
A, B, C,
D
2D, 2E,
3B, 3C,
3F, 3G
2
Number
of
Stacks
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
6
1
Grain
Loading
Limit
(gr/dscf)
None
0.05
0.03
None
None
None
0.05
0.015
0.03
None
0.04
0.024
None
0.04
0.008
None
0.03
Opacity
Limit
(%)
20
30
20
20
40
20
20
30
30
20
20
20
20
20
10
20
30
Exceptions
May exceed 20% opacity for up to 3 minutes an
hour.
Opacity may range from 30% to 60% for up to 8
minutes (32 15-second readings) in any 60-minute
period. This exception is limited to 3 times a day.
Opacity limit does not apply during flue repairs (up
to 3 hours per oven repaired).
None.
Opacity may range from 20% to 60% for up to 6
consecutive minutes in any 60 minutes.
There is also a 60% limit for the cumulative total of
60 readings (15 minutes).
2-hour opacity limit.
Opacity may reach up to 50% as long as a specific
coke oven repair plan is followed.
None.
None.
May exceed 20% opacity for up to 3 minutes an
hour.
Opacity may range from 20% to 60% for up to 3
minutes an hour.
None.
May exceed 20% opacity for up to 3 minutes an
hour.
Opacity may range from 20% to 60% for up to 3
minutes an hour.
None.
None.
Same as Acme Steel, above.
2-19
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TABLE 2-7. EMISSION LIMITS FOR BATTERY STACKS (continued)
Plant
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Ecorse,
MI
National Steel, Granite
City, IL
National Steel, Granite
City, IL
New Boston,
Portsmouth, OH
Shenango, Pittsburgh,
PA
Sloss Industries,
Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pittsburgh,
East Steubenville, WV
Battery
ID
4
5
A
B
2
1
3,4&5
2
1-3, 7-9,
19
13-15,
20, B
2&3
5&7
1,2,3,
8
Number
of
Stacks
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
7
5
2
2
2
Grain
Loading
Limit
(gr/dscf)
0.03
0.012
0.05
0.03
None
0.015
None
0.05
0.03
0.015
0.03
0.05
None
Opacity
Limit
(%)
20
20
30
30
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Exceptions
Opacity may range from 20% to 60% for up to 6
minutes an hour.
None.
Same as Acme Steel, above.
Same as Acme Steel, above.
Opacity may range from 20% to 60% for up to 6
minutes an hour.
Opacity may range from 20% to 60% for up to 3
minutes an hour (12 readings).
May exceed 20% opacity for up to 3 minutes an
hour.
None.
Opacity may range from 20% to 60% for up to 3
minutes an hour (12 readings).
Opacity may range from 20% to 60% for up to 3
minutes an hour (12 readings).
None.
None.
Opacity may range from 20% to 40% for an
aggregate of 5 minutes per hour (20 readings).
2-20
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2.4 REFERENCES
1. Data from RTI project database compiled from EPA section 114 survey responses and
industry, July 1998.
2. Report, Coke Oven Emissions from Wet-Coal Charged Byproduct Coke Oven Batteries -
Background Information for Proposed Standards, EPA-450/3-85-028a, December 1985.
3. Agarwal, et. Al., "Injecting Coal and Natural Gas: Which One? How Much?," New Steel,
December 1996.
4. Draft Report, Emission Factor Documentation for AP-42, Section 12.2 - Coke
Production, EPA Contract 68-D2-0159, May 1995.
5. Hogan and Koelble, "Steel's Coke Deficit: 5.6 Million Tons and Growing," New Steel,
December 1996.
6. Report, Background Report AP-42 Section 12.2, Coke Production, EPA, October 1998,
pg. n-103.
7. Unknown, "New Coke Facility is Under Construction at Inland Steel," New Steel,
December 1996.
8. Pushing: Analysis of Pushing Opacity Data From Allegheny County Inspections,
Prepared by RTI for EPA, January 12, 1999.
2-21
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3. EMISSION POINTS AND CONTROL TECHNIQUES
This chapter discusses air pollution control measures used to control emissions from
pushing, quenching, and battery stacks. Emission control is accomplished with a combination of
equipment and work practices (including maintenance and repair). Cokeside sheds, traveling
scrubber cars, and one-spot quench cars are examples of equipment that have been designed
specifically for the capture and control of pushing emissions. Traditional control techniques for
emissions from quenching include the installation of baffles in quench towers and the use of
clean water (e.g., lake, river, or treated process water) rather than untreated process water for
quenching. Systematic operating and maintenance procedures including diagnostics and repair
are common techniques used to control coke oven emissions from combustion stacks.
One way to reduce emissions is to prevent them from being formed. Incomplete coking
results in "green" coke, the emissions from which contain several listed HAP, including "coke
oven emissions" and POM, as well as volatiles and high boiling hydrocarbons. "Coke oven
emissions" - itself listed as a HAP - contains numerous HAP such as benzene, toluene, xylenes,
cyanide compounds, naphthalene, phenol, and POM. Green coke is produced when a section of
coal does not reach the temperature required for the near-complete cracking of evolved
hydrocarbons.1 The production of green coke affects HAP emissions from pushing, quenching
and battery stacks in the following ways:
• a green push is characterized by clouds of dense black or yellow/brown smoke;
• green coke has been shown to release more PAH during quenching than non-green
coke2; and
• the causes of excess battery stack emissions also contribute to the formation of
green coke.
The two main causes of green coke are: (1) pushing the coke from the oven before the
coking process is complete, and (2) uneven oven heating, resulting in local cold spots.1
Overcharging the oven can also result in green coke. Good oven maintenance and control of
heating practices results in lower rates of incomplete coking and overall reduced emissions.
3-1
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3.1 PUSHING
HAP emissions during pushing result from incomplete coking, which results in a "green"
push. Green pushes can be caused by overcharging an oven, cold flues due to plugging or poor
combustion, non-uniform heating, and cold spots on the ends of ovens. Emissions from green
pushes range from moderate (relatively small amounts of green coke) to severe (large amounts of
green coke). Green pushes generate voluminous plumes of emissions that overwhelm the capture
system used for PM emissions. When the push is severely green, a yellow-brown plume of
emissions can be seen from the battery and quench tower.
There are several methods for controlling emissions from pushing, including systematic
operation and maintenance and pushing emission capture systems. Moveable hoods that were
initially installed to control PM emissions also reduce HAP emissions from pushing, but
are not effective in capturing and controlling coke oven emissions from green pushes. The most
effective control is to: (1) minimize the frequency of green pushes by implementing a
preventative maintenance program for the battery and (2) work practices that include diagnostic
procedures to identify the cause of green pushes and corrective actions to prevent reoccurrence.
Batteries that have implemented these procedures on a continuing basis have few green pushes.
Three distinct types of pushing emission capture and control systems are currently used
by coke plants:
• a movable hood connected to a stationary duct vented to a stationary (land-based)
emission control device;
• a coke side shed vented to a stationary emission control device; and
• a hooded/vented quench car attached to a mobile scrubber car.
3.1.1 Systematic Operation and Maintenance
Systematic operation and maintenance includes work practices and procedures designed
to prevent the pushing of green coke. Systematic operation and maintenance is the most effective
method of reducing fugitive emissions from pushing. Severely green pushes are characterized by
dense black or yellow/brown smoke that overwhelms moveable hood capture systems. The
3-2
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following are essential elements of systematic operation and maintenance to prevent green pushes:
• ensuring that the minimum net coking time has been met before pushing
• monitoring individual flue temperatures and overall oven temperature
• inspecting oven walls for cracks or damage
• observing pushes in order to locate damaged ovens
• prompt diagnosis and repair of damaged ovens.
The first step in preventing green pushes is ensuring that the minimum net coking time is met for
each oven to prevent undercoking. Cracks or holes in oven walls or uneven heating (from a
plugged flue, for example) can result in localized areas of green coke. Chronic emissions are
prevented with regular flue and wall inspections along with prompt repair of damaged ovens.
3.1.2 Capture and Control Systems
In addition to good operating and maintenance practices to prevent green pushes, most
batteries are equipped with capture and control systems for routine PM emissions from pushing.
Pushing emissions control devices in place at coke oven facilities in the U.S. in 1998 are
summarized in Table 3-1. There are 30 control devices applied to pushing emissions at 56 coke
oven batteries, and there are three combinations of capture and control systems used. The most
common capture system is a moveable hood. There are 19 moveable hood systems. Sixteen
moveable hood systems serving 30 batteries are vented to a baghouse, and three systems serving
four batteries are vented to a venturi scrubber. There are 15 batteries equipped with cokeside
sheds that enclose the entire length of the battery and are served by six baghouses. There are six
batteries equipped with cokeside sheds that serve as settling chambers and are not ventilated.
Seven batteries are equipped with mobile scrubber cars which transport venturi scrubbers.
None of the pushing emission capture systems is 100% effective, and most do not capture
emissions during travel to the quench tower. In 1998, 39 of 68 existing coke oven batteries
reported estimated capture efficiencies of between 82.8 and 99.8%.3 In 1998, all baghouses
except one operated under negative pressure. The vast majority used pulse-jet cleaning; only 3
3-3
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used shaker-type cleaning. In 1998, all baghouses except one used polyester bags.3 Wet
scrubber and baghouse parameters are presented in Tables 3-2 and 3-3.
3.1.3 Moveable Hood/Fixed Duct
The moveable hood/fixed duct system consists of a hood that covers the quench car and
mates with an enclosed guide. The hood connects to a duct which in turn is connected to a land-
based gas cleaning system located near the battery. During the push, gases are drawn from the
coke guide and quench car into the hood where they are channeled to the exhaust duct. The belt-
sealed duct system (see Figure 3-1) allows the hood to travel with the quench car and has
emerged as the most functional and widely accepted method of controlling pushing
emissions worldwide.4 Historically, hoods that cover the quench car and the coke guide did not
capture emissions from the quench car as it traveled to the quench tower. This was solved by
traveling hood systems such as Envirotech's "Trav-L-Vent" and Dravo Corporation's "Minister
Stein." 4'5 In these systems, the hood travels on the coke side bench on a special steel bridge,
which carries a third rail and supports the collecting duct.6 The duct has a continuous opening
along the top that is internally braced and covered with grating to provide support for the belt that
seals the opening. A gas transition or "tripper" car travels along the top of the duct and lifts the
belt over the duct inlet section between the tripper rolls and covers the duct opening to convey
the gases from the mobile hood into the duct.7 In other belt-sealed duct systems the hood moves
with the door machine, attaching to the tripper car and aligning with the coke guide before each
push.8 Despite the capability of traveling hoods, in practice they do not regularly travel to the
quench tower at most facilities that use them for pushing emissions control.3'8
Another form of the fixed-duct system consists of a moveable hooded coke guide and a
stationary duct with individual dampered ports. The duct runs the length of the coke side of the
battery and is equipped with one or two damper doors aligned with each oven. A telescoping or
"snorkel" duct on the hooded coke guide connects it to the duct. Coke oven emissions are
transported through the duct to a baghouse at one end. An end-line damper to allow controlled
air flow is housed at the opposite end.9 Because of the increased maintenance and potential
3-4
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malfunction of numerous individual doors along the duct, this type of emission control system is
less reliable than the belt-sealed duct system.8
TABLE 3-1. PUSHING EMISSION CONTROLS SYSTEMS USED IN 19983
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Indiana Harbor, East Chicago, IN
Jewell Coal & Coke, Vansant, VA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
National Steel, Granite City, IL
New Boston, Portsmouth, OH
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pittburgh, East Steubenville,
WV
Battery
1
5,6
1,2
3
4
3
1
2
7,8
E,H
1
1,2
A,B
1,2,3,4
2,3
A, B, C, D
2D, 2E, 3B, 3C, 3F, 3G
IB, 2
2
4
5
A, B
2
1
3,4,5
2
3-5
7-9
13-15
19,20
B
2,3
5,7
1,2,3
8
Pushing Capture
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Cokeside shed
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
None
Enclosed coke guide
Cokeside shed
None
Cokeside shed
Cokeside shed
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; dampered ports
Enclosed coke guide
Moveable hood; dampered ports
Enclosed coke guide
None
Cokeside shed
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
None
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Moveable hood; belt-sealed duct
Cokeside shed
Enclosed coke guide
Moveable hood; dampered ports
Cokeside shed
Moveable hood; dampered ports
Pushing Controls
Baghouse
Baghouse
Venturi scrubber
Baghouse
Baghouse
Baghouse
Wet scrubber
Baghouse
Baghouse
Baghouse
Baghouse
None
Mobile scrubber car
Baghouse
None
Baghouse
None
Baghouse
Mitsubishi
Baghouse
Mobile scrubber car
Baghouse
Mobile scrubber car
None
Baghouse
Baghouse
None
Baghouse
Baghouse
Baghouse
Baghouse
Baghouse
Mobile scrubber car
Baghouse
Baghouse
Wet Scrubber
3-5
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TABLE 3-2. WET SCRUBBER PARAMETERS (1998)3
Wet Scrubber Parameters
Plant
Acme Steel, Chicago
IL
Bethlehem Steel,
Burns Harbor, IN
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
LTV Steel, Warren,
OH
National Steel,
Granite City, IL
US Steel, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pittsburgh,
East Steubenville,
WV
Type of
Scrubber
A-33 Venturi -
Rod scrubber
Venturi
Koppers design
scrubber car
One-spot
Chemico car
Venturi
Venturi
Venturi
Liquid
Flowrate to
Scrubber
(gal/min)
1,500
1,140- 1,300
350
660
650
600
1,150
Air Flowrate
(acfm)
144,900
164,000 -
171,000
37,500
110,000
62,000
66,000
132,000
Pressure Drop
(inches of
water)
36
53 -60
1.87
unknown
32
24
31
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TABLE 3-3. BAGHOUSE PARAMETERS (1998)3
Baghouse Parameters
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns
Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel,
Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas & Coke
Utility. Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas & Coke
Utility, Indianapolis, IN
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Indiana Harbor Coke, East
Chicago, IN
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries,
Birmingham, AL
US Steel, Clairton, PA
US Steel, Clairton, PA
Air-to-cloth
Ratio (1,000
acfm/ft2)
6.46
6.14
5.5
5.94
5.17
5.47
6.24
2.46
7.36
4
2.09
5.15
5.5
2.93
5.6
5.6
Air Flowrate
(acfm)
130,000
162,000
86,000
200,000-215,000
450,000
149,000
100,000
140,000
150,000
123,000
150,000
185,000
300,000
152,500
109,367
107,167
Number of
Compartments
4
5
4
6
8
8
8
10
4
4
4
6
8
7
5
5
Pressure Drop
(inches of water)
8
unknown
3.5
4.4-8.8
8
6
6
1.5-5
4-8
3
3
7
13
unknown
unknown
unknown
3-7
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To Scrubber
or Baghouse
FIGURE 3-1. SCHEMATIC OF A BELT-SEALED DUCT SYSTEM
3.1.4 Coke Side Shed
A coke side shed (see Figure 3-2) is a structure built on the coke side of the battery that
covers the length of the battery and the width between the battery and the side of the quench car
tracks farthest from the battery. The shed length may be increased to include the section of
quench car tracks between the battery and the quench tower.4
There may be baffles inside the shed to control gas movement. The smoke is drawn off
to a baghouse through a series of ductwork. As the smoke cools, gas velocity is reduced and
large particulate may fall out.6 Some early sheds used electrostatic precipitators; however,
baghouses are currently the only control used on batteries with cokeside sheds because they
reduce power usage and are more efficient in removing PM. Because cokeside sheds cover an
entire side of the coke oven battery, they effectively capture emissions from oven door leaks as
well as from pushing.
3-8
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To scrubber or baghouse
FIGURE 3-2. SCHEMATIC OF A COKESIDE SHED
3.1.5 Mobile Scrubber Car
Mobile scrubber cars were popular in 1970's but have for the most part been replaced by
stationary systems. This mobile pushing control system is a complete gas cleaning system
that captures and cleans coke pushing emissions. The complete system (see Figure 3-3) includes
the following components:
• a hood that encloses the coke guide mounting and can be raised or lowered
(creating an enclosed coke guide);
• a one-spot quench car mounted on a special rail car; and
• a self-propelled gas cleaning car.
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FIGURE 3-3. SCHEMATIC OF A MOBILE SCRUBBER CAR
Emissions travel through the ductwork into a wet venturi-type scrubber and air-water separator
where the solid particulate in the gases are removed. The principal methods used to create the
volumetric flow needed for the capture and cleaning of the gases is a diesel engine driven fan.
Depending on the particular design, steam or compressed air eductors have been used.
Evacuation through the quench car usually continues until the quench cycle is commenced.10 The
scrubbing solution (a few hundred gallons per quench) is stored on the scrubber car and replaced
when the quench car is at the quench station.
The exhaust flow rate on the mobile scrubber car (~ 50,000 acfm) is smaller than that in
other stationary control devices (100,000 to 200,000 acfm). The fan on the scrubber car is turned
on during the push and it operates at a lower speed during travel to the quench tower. Mobile
scrubber cars became less popular in the 1980s due to the high cost of operation and maintenance
and the requirement of heavy track to support the combined weight of the quench car and
3-10
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scrubber car. Another disadvantage of this type of control is that mobile scrubber cars create
scrubber effluents that need to be treated. In addition, equipment on mobile scrubber cars must
be mounted close together, limiting accessibility for maintenance. The diesel engine used on
most cars also requires periodic maintenance.11
3.2 QUENCHING
Quenching is the process whereby hot coke is cooled as soon as feasible after being
pushed from the oven. The most common method of quenching coke is with water, known as
"wet quenching". Although there are other methods of quenching in use in other parts of the
world, coke facilities in the U.S. use wet quenching exclusively.
3.2.1 Overview of Wet Quenching
The large steam plume that occurs from spraying water onto hot coke makes the
emissions from wet quenching one of the most visible sources of air pollution associated with
coke oven batteries. This steam plume tends to mask the particulate in the plume and also makes
sampling for particulate emissions very difficult.12
After hot coke is pushed from the oven into a quench car, the quench car travels by rail to
a quench tower. Wet quenching involves spraying a large quantity of water onto the hot coke for
periods of 90 to 120 seconds. The water (and steam) cool the coke under a flue that directs the
resulting steam plume into the atmosphere.12
Approximately 1,000 to 3,000 L (270 to 800 gal) of water per ton of coke are sprayed into
the quench car through a system of nozzles located in the tower above. These nozzles are
positioned to evenly distribute the water, and they are sized to allow the complete application in
1 to 4 minutes, sometimes with an intermittent spray schedule. Quench towers range from short,
rectangular structures to those with tall (-35 m) round stacks (see Figure 3-4). Typical materials
of construction include wood, brick, or metal.12
3-11
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Conventional
rectangular tower
Offset tower
FIGURE 3-4. QUENCH TOWER DESIGNS
Near cylindrical
tower
The number and configuration of spray nozzles and the amount of water used per quench
varies from site to site. A major variation is the use of LO-MOR quenching, wherein solid
streams of water are directed onto the hot coke, rather than using sprays. The intent of this
procedure is to allow water to penetrate through the bed of coke to form steam that will flow
back up through the coke, thereby cooling it. 12
Modern quenching operations use a recirculating system by which quench water is reused
and make-up water is added to replenish the loss due to evaporation.12 Make-up water is
typically derived from a nearby river or lake, but has included "dirty water" (process water), such
as scrubber blowdown or wastewater from the by-product recovery plant.
Emissions of HAP can originate from contaminants in dirty water if it is used for
quenching and from the quenching of green coke. A study of quenching emissions found that the
quenching of green coke increased emissions of PAH and BSO, which are indicators of coke
oven emissions.2
3-12
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3.2.2 Overview of Dry Quenching
Dry quenching cools hot coke without bringing the coke in direct contact with water.
Coke can be cooled by the circulation of inert gas or by indirect use of water.
Coke Dry Quenching Process. In the CDQ process, coke is cooled by inert gas. The
CDQ system includes a two-stage CDQ chamber (containing pre-cooling and cooling chambers),
a boiler, and a dust recovery network. Hot coke is pushed into a bucket car which transports the
coke to CDQ unit. The coke is charged into the precooling chamber at the top of the CDQ
chamber. Excess dust is transferred out of the precooling area and the hot coke is charged in
batches into the cooling chamber below. Inert gas is circulated in a closed circuit between the
cooling chamber and the boiler, where heat from the coke is recovered and transferred into steam
with heat exchangers. Cooled coke is discharged from the bottom of the cooling chamber. The
inert gas used for cooling is formed by the coke when it is charged into the precooling chamber.13
There are no visible emissions from the enclosed CDQ process, and heat from the hot
coke is recovered with minimum operating costs. The original CDQ process was invented in the
early 1970s. CDQ systems are currently in full-scale operation at over 50 coke plants in more
than 11 countries. The process is not currently used in the U.S.13
Kress Indirect Dry Cooling. The KIDC process uses water to indirectly cool hot coke.
The process involves pushing and quenching and reduces emissions from both operations. Hot
coke is pushed into a specially made container, slightly bigger than the charge, that has been
positioned flush against the oven. The box is then sealed and transferred via a KIDC carrier (a
large piece of equipment designed to transport KIDC containers) to the quenching station, where
the container is slid into a cooling rack. Cooling water is circulated around the container for
approximately 2 hours, after which time the container is transferred to the dump station and the
coke is emptied onto the coke wharf.14
The KIDC process was demonstrated for 2 months on a 4-m coke battery at Bethlehem
Steel Corporation's Sparrows Point plant in 1991. During a 6-month baseline and 2-month
demonstration period, 321 pushes were performed using the KIDC process and equipment.
Bethlehem Steel Corporation shut down its Sparrow's Point facility's coke ovens for economic
reasons unrelated to this demonstration. As a result of this shutdown, this project was
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prematurely terminated. Based on the results from the 2-month demonstration, the technology
looks promising for the reduction of pushing and quenching emissions. However, a longer
demonstration would have permitted a better assessment of operability in the rigors of a coke
oven environment. In addition, an expanded test period could have addressed some of the
problems that were identified but not resolved during the demonstration test.14
3.2.3 Baffles
The only emission control equipment used to reduce quenching emissions are baffles, and
their designs are as varied as the towers themselves. Most baffles consist of wooden slats spaced
10 to 20 cm apart, inclined at an angle of 14 to 70° from the horizontal. In some cases, there may
be more than one row of baffles or they may be of a special design. Use of baffles is primarily
intended for reduction of carryover or fallout of particulates that often occurs in the vicinity of
the quench tower. Several factors contribute to the effectiveness of baffles: materials,
configuration, height of baffle installation, and maintenance.
The intended action of these "mist eliminators" is the interception of parti culates and
water droplets carried in the quench vapor updraft. Most of the larger particulate and water
droplets that impact the baffles presumably fall back down the tower. However, some of the
dust-bearing mist adheres to the baffles until it is physically removed by overhead sprays or some
similar cleaning mechanism.12
Parti culate test data for quench towers are not extensive, partially because of the sampling
difficulty. The data available have been obtained by a variety of sampling methods. All of the
data evaluated for a report on emissions control from wet quench towers in 1979 indicate that
particulate removal for baffles ranges from 50 to 95% depending on the types of baffles.12
Maintenance, replacement of damaged baffles, and periodic cleaning of dirty baffles are
important in achieving consistent performance in the control of PM.12 Of the 43 existing quench
towers, 40 have baffles, 22 have the baffles cleaned daily, 21 are subject to a TDS limit, 18 have
the baffles inspected monthly, and at least 12 have baffles that cover 95% or more of the cross
sectional area of the tower. The frequency of baffle cleaning and inspection based on a 1998
survey of U.S. coke plants is summarized in Table 3-4.
3-14
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3.2.4 Water Quality and Coke Quality
Water quality has an important effect on emissions from quenching because dissolved
solids may be emitted and organic contaminants can become airborne, either by vaporization or
entrainment in water droplets. Test data available on the effect of water quality indicate that use
of "dirty" water can result in PM emissions 1.5 to 3 times greater than emissions from towers
using clean water.12 In addition, organic contaminants present in the dirty water, such as PAH,
BSO, and phenol, were also emitted.2 Most plants use relatively clean service water or treated
process water to control and reduce emissions from quenching. Quench towers serving 18 out of
68 existing batteries in 1998 used at least some dirty water for quenching - typically wastewater
from the by-product recovery plant or scrubber blowdown.3 Several states have limitations on
IDS in quench water, presumably to prevent the use of dirty water. The number of plants that
use clean water or have a limit on TDS in quench water are presented in Table 3-4.
Coke quality (greenness) also affects emissions from quenching. Tests have shown that
when severely green coke and moderately green coke are both quenched with clean water, the
severely green coke emits several times the amount of PAH.2 In addition, some data indicate that
grain loadings are higher in the outside sections of towers; these sections correspond to areas
near the ends of the coke in the quench car, where coke is most likely to be green.12
3.2.5 Offset Quench Towers / Deflectors
The most common quench tower design consists of a large flue immediately above the
quench car. However, the utilization of offset towers is a design option that is sometimes
employed specifically to reduce quenching mist carryover. The concept of the offset quench
tower originated with the successful use of large deflection partitions in the lower portion of
quench towers immediately above the quench car position. Installations of this type force quench
vapors to bend around an obstacle prior to ascending the tower, and the momentum of the larger
droplets and particles causes them to impact on the internal surfaces of the tower. Offset towers
accomplish the same end with a small variation of methodology: the quench plume collides with
a slanting ceiling immediately above the quench chamber, and this ceiling directs the steam to the
vertical tower section which is adjacent to the quench car position (see Figure 3-4).12
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3.2.6 Factors Affecting Performance
Several design characteristics can affect quench tower performance. The major design
factors that influence emission control are summarized below:
Cross-Sectional Area - broader towers have lower air velocity and a larger inner
wall surface for condensation, impaction, and adhesion, making them better able
to contain emissions.12
Height - the best height for a particular location depends on several factors
including: the tonnage of coke per quench, cross-sectional area of the quench
tower stack, and the proximity and height of nearby structures.12
Orientation (offset or straight)- in offset quench towers, the plume hits a slanted
ceiling immediately above the quench chamber which directs the steam to the
vertical tower section adjacent to the quench car position ,12
Air Access - may be limited at the base of the tower by the installation of
shrouding at the quench car doors and/or by designing the doors to be as small as
possible. These measures may be utilized to solve one of two problems: (1)
excessive flue velocity causing particulate/mist carryover, and (2) low stack draft
causing emissions at the quench car doors.12
3.3 BATTERY STACKS
Battery stack emissions occur when raw coke oven gas leaks through oven walls into
flues and when there is poor combustion in the underfiring system. Emissions from stacks are
usually most noticeable when ovens are charged with coal. Elevated opacity values occur due to
the substantial and sudden increase in oven pressure and the resulting leakage of raw coke oven
gas into the flue system. The intensity and duration of the in-leakage and impact on stack opacity
is a direct result of the physical condition of the oven walls and presence of sealing carbon.
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TABLE 3-4. SUMMARY OF QUENCH TOWER REQUIREMENTS AND
MAINTENANCE PRACTICES3
Specification
Baffles present
Baffles required
Clean water used
IDS limit in place (500 to 1,600 mg/L)
Baffles inspected:
At least monthly
Quarterly
Bi-annually
Annually
Baffles cleaned:
At least daily
At least weekly
"As needed"
Bi-annually or Annually
Number of Quench
Towers (out of 43 total)
40
37
29
21
18
2
10
5
22
O
5
5
Number of Plants
(out of 25 total)
23
21
19
11
12
2
3
4
12
2
4
3
There are 53 battery stacks that serve 58 batteries. Five plants have a pair of batteries served by
one stack, and all other stacks are associated with a single battery.
Coke oven emissions from battery stacks are controlled by good operation and
maintenance which includes using a COMS in the stack. Good operation and maintenance
involves identifying problem ovens that produce high stack opacity emissions when ovens are
charged, diagnosing problems, and repairing ovens or adjusting the underfiring system.
Although some coke oven batteries had add-on devices (such as baghouses and electrostatic
precipitators) on their stacks in the late 1970s to 1980s, they are no longer in use today.15 Add-on
devices were primarily used as particulate removal devices and probably provided little for
control of gaseous HAP, CO or NOX emissions. In contrast, systematic operation and
maintenance procedures control both gaseous and particulate emissions by preventing the
emissions from occurring.
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Visible observations and COMS on the stacks are used to identify problem ovens that are
in need of maintenance or repair. When excess visible emissions or high opacity readings are
noted from a battery stack, the ovens most recently charged are often the source of emissions. If
these ovens are identified and scheduled for inspections of oven walls and flues, the source of
excess emissions can often be determined and corrected.
The COG used as underfiring fuel can also contribute to stack emissions. This is
particularly true if the COG isn't desulfurized prior to being combusted. All but three coke oven
batteries in the U.S. use COG as underfiring fuel; the other three use a combination of COG and
BFG. Thirty-eight of the 58 by-product recovery batteries in the country desulfurize COG prior
to using it as underfiring fuel. The reported H2S content in underfiring fuel gas ranged from 7 to
350 gr/100 scf in 1998.3 All batteries that use only desulfurized COG for underfiring reported
H2S levels of 50 gr/100 scf or less.3
3.3.1 Continuous Opacity Monitors
In order to continuously monitor stack emissions, a COMS can be installed on a battery
stack. An opacity monitor is a transmissometer that consists of an optical transmitter/receiver
unit mounted on one side of the stack and a reflector unit mounted on the other side. The
transmitter emits a known amount of light across the interior of the stack. The light is directed at
the reflector which reflects the light beam back to the receiver unit. Any smoke or dust passing
through the stack reduces the amount of light being reflected. The receiver unit measures the
amount of light received. The difference in the amount of light transmitted and the amount of
light received is called the opacity reading, which is stated as a percentage. Zero percent
indicates no emissions are present, while 100% indicates the highest emissions.
Stack emissions most likely originate at the last oven charged. COMS data can be used to
identify ovens with potential problems. The opacity is constantly recorded, making it possible to
identify malfunctioning ovens by correlating the occurrence of high opacity readings on the
COMS record with the oven charging schedule. A total of 27 stacks on 27 batteries at 9 plants
had COMS in 1998; their function is summarized in Table 3-5.3
3-18
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TABLE 3-5. SUMMARY OF COMS ON COKE OVEN BATTERY STACKS, 1998
COMS use
Diagnostics (all plants)
Enforcement3
Supplementary evidence13
Number of:
Stacks
27
6
13
Batteries
27
6
13
Plants
9
3
2
" The plant must submit the COMS results to the State and demonstrate continuous compliance with
the 20% opacity limit.
b Compliance is determined from daily visual inspections; however, the COMS results can be used
as supplementary evidence.
3.3.2 Systematic Operation and Maintenance
In the late 1970s, EPA investigated emission control techniques and performance for
battery stacks. The CF&I coke plant in Pueblo, Colorado was identified as having one of the
most effective emission control programs in the country. The plant relied on systematic
operation and maintenance procedures such as:16
• spray patching on end flues of each oven at least once every 5 weeks,
• inspecting oven walls every 3 days,
• making repairs as needed based on routine operation and inspection.
The success of CF&I's procedures was confirmed in two stack tests. During a test in 1978,
Battery D averaged 0.024 gr/dscf of PM (1.7 kg/hr or 81 g/Mg of coal). Opacity readings during
the test were typically zero; the highest reading was 10%. In another test in 1979, the battery
averaged 0.039 gr/dscf (3.2 kg/hr or 109 g/Mg coal). The highest 6-minute average opacity
reading was 11%.16
Systematic operation and maintenance procedures have improved in recent years over
those used by CF&I, primarily with the use of COMS to identify problems and prompt actions to
correct them. Although all plants now have a program in place, additional details were obtained
for the USS Clairton Works, which is the Nation's largest coke plant with 12 batteries. The
modern program used at USS Clairton is described in the following paragraphs.
3-19
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Diagnostics.11 COMS are installed in all stacks with recorders in each control room.
When the opacity is over 20% for 3 minutes or if it exceeds 60% on any 15 second reading, an
alarm and warning light are triggered and operating personnel conduct an investigation. The
investigation starts with inspecting the heating wall flues on the most recently charged ovens to
try to determine the source of the leakage. Also, there is a visual inspection of oven sole flues
through the air boxes. The specific location of the wall leakage is usually determined by turning
on the oven's aspirating steam while looking into the flue. Combustion conditions are also
checked, including the flame characteristics, the reversing mechanism, gas pressure, and stack
draft.
Repairs.11 Once the damage is identified, the type of repair depends on the extent of the
damage. If the damage is minor, the oven wall may be spray patched once the oven is pushed. If
the damage is severe, the oven may be taken out of service and more extensive repairs made.
Spray patching is performed on a continuing basis for minor repairs. This involves spraying the
oven walls to fill cracks and spalls in the brick work. Other repairs include dry gunning, which is
used to fill larger areas of deterioration. "Complete jobs" are done on a continuing basis and
involve taking two or three problem ovens per day out of service and repairing the entire oven
(walls and floor) using spray patching, dry gunning, silica dusting, and infrequent ceramic
welding.
For severely damaged brick work, brick replacement may be required. In this case, the
oven would be taken out of service and partially rebuilt through end flue or through wall brick
work replacement.
Routine andpreventative maintenance11 Routine and preventative maintenance
includes a crew of personnel who do daily inspection and repair of flues and walls, cleaning gas
piping, and checking the reversing mechanism and flue combustion. Each month the wall flue
temperatures are measured and recorded, and problem flues and leaks are identified. Every 6
months, battery "setting" is performed, which includes items such as inspection of valve and
damper settings and measurement of waste gas percent oxygen. Another routine procedure is
that if excessive carbon buildup is removed and there is inadequate carbon to seal small cracks,
the oven wall is sprayed before being put into service.
3-20
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Worker training is also important. The company requires a 40 hour training program that
emphasizes the importance of these procedures for controlling emissions and extending battery
life.
A 1998 survey of the industry indicates that all coke plants now have some type of
program of systematic operation and maintenance designed to reduce stack emissions, improve
combustion efficiency, and extend battery life.3 Excess stack emissions, whether noted manually
or with a COMS, generally trigger some type of corrective action; e.g., the last oven charged may
be noted and inspected, or span temperature or crosswall flue temperature readings may be taken.
Several of the most common techniques used to maintain and repair coke ovens are described in
the following sections. Specific examples of investigation and diagnosis of the two main
concerns - improper or incomplete combustion, and leakage between oven space and flue system
- are described in Table 3-6.
The following is a list of some observations of the causes of excess stack emissions
and/or how emissions may be reduced by regular monitoring and maintenance practices:
• After oven repair or partial rebuild, leaks in the brickwork are most likely to occur
at the tie-in joint - the site of new brick/old brick interface.
• A fine layer of carbon on the inside of ovens (resulting from the cracking of
hydrocarbons) is desirable to help seal cracks and crevices. However, a buildup
of excessive carbon can result in problems (e.g. hard pushes, reduced heat transfer
from oven walls, etc.). Therefore it is necessary to periodically burn off excess
carbon, a process known as decarbonization.
• Excess stack emissions can also occur when too much carbon is allowed to burn
off of the inside of an oven. This can occur at shift changes, for example, when
recently pushed ovens are left empty for an extended period before charging.
• If excessive stack emissions are noted right after an oven has been charged, the
fuel gas to that oven can be shut off temporarily to restore the air-to-fuel ratio.
Once coking begins and the resulting carbon seals any leaks in the oven walls, the
gas is turned back on (typically after 10 to 15 minutes).8
Visual Inspection. Visual inspection includes inspecting flues through the flue caps on
the top of the battery and inspecting oven walls, roof, and end flues when the oven doors are still
3-21
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off after pushing. During the inspection of the flue, the flame color and intensity are assessed
and the presence of smoke is noted. The flame color and intensity can show whether the fuel-to-
air ratio is appropriate, and the presence of smoke indicates leakage of raw oven gas from the
oven to the flue. During the inspection of the walls, roof, and end flues, any cracks are noted and
corrective action is scheduled.
End-Flue Patching. End-flue patching is done by applying a mortar slurry to large
cracks (> 1/8" wide) on end flues to seal the cracks and to prevent raw oven gas from entering the
flue system and causing excess stack emissions. Ovens must be taken out of service to be
patched. Patching reduces the size of cracks and it is usually done before silica dusting
(described below), which is more effective in sealing smaller cracks (< 1/8" wide). End-flue
patching is done on one end of an oven at a time. After the oven door is removed, loose material
at the end flue area is raked out and the oven is scraped to remove scaling, loose mortar, and
carbon. Occasionally, extremely hard build-ups must be removed by a chipping gun. The gap is
trowel-patched, then the area is sprayed with a mortar slurry and the excess is removed by a
scraper before the material sets up. After the patching work has been completed, the walls and
end flues are inspected. If the patching is acceptable, the oven floor is cleaned and the door
replaced. This process is then repeated on the other end of the oven. When end flue-patching is
completed, the charging holes are spray patched along with any cracks in the interior wall of the
oven that are accessible from the oven top. With jambs, end walls, and charging holes patched
the oven is now ready for silica dusting.18
Mobile Gunning. Mobile gunning is an alternate patching technique used in conjunction
with end-flue patching and spray patching for large cracks. It is a technique for patching cracks
in the interior portion of oven walls and roof that cannot be reached by hand-held patching
equipment.16
3-22
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TABLE 3-6. SYSTEMATIC OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES TO
REDUCE STACK EMISSIONS
A. IMPROPER OR INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION
Potential source of
stack emissions
Clogged fuel gas
jets or nozzles
Cracks in the fuel
nozzle or the fuel
nozzle block
Improper fuel gas
and air mixture
Excess oven
pressure
Inspection3
Visually inspect through flue
caps on top of the battery.
Visually inspect through flue
caps on top of the battery.
a. Inspect air box opening and
gas valves.
b. Check for blockage in sole
flue.
a. Inspect gooseneck and
standpipe for blockage; check
back pressure regulation.
b. Check waste heat damper
setting for excess flue pressure
Diagnosis
During the flue cap
inspection, create a vacuumb
in the adjacent ovens to see if
the flame from the flue cap
subsides. If not, there
probably are fuel leaks
around the fuel nozzle or in
the nozzle block.
Inspect through ports in the
sole flues to see whether
smoke exists and/or use
portable O2 and combustible
gas meters0 to locate problem
ovens.
Operation and
maintenance procedures
Clean fuel nozzles and
gas jets as needed or
regularly.
Replace nozzle or place
sealant around the nozzle
or patch sealant on the
gun block to stop leakage.
a. Adjust battery draft and
finger-bars on the air box
opening or check for
mechanical malfunctions
of gas and air valves.
b. Remove blockage in
sole flue.
a. Remove blockage or
clean carbon deposit.
b. Adjust waste heat
damper.
B. LEAKAGE BETWEEN OVEN SPACE AND FLUE SYSTEM
Crack in oven
brickwork
Visually inspect through flue
caps on top of the battery and
inside oven walls when the
doors are off of the ovens after
pushing.
a. During flue cap inspection,
create a vacuum2 in adjacent
ovens to see if the flame in
the flue or from the flue cap
subsides. If it does, there is
probably a leak in the wall.
b. Pressurize the adjacent
flues of an empty oven;
candle-like flames inside the
oven walls indicate leaks.
Use spray patching, silica
welding, or mobile
gunning to seal large
cracks and silica dusting
to seal small cracks, or
replace damaged
brickwork.
3-23
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TABLE 3-6. SYSTEMATIC OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES TO
REDUCE STACK EMISSIONS (continued)
Potential
source of stack
emissions
Inspection3
Diagnosis
Operation and
maintenance
procedures
Lack of good
carbon deposit
in the crack of
the oven
surface
Check collector main pressure.
Adjust collector main
pressure; prevent
prolonged empty oven
between pushing and
charging.
End flues
Visually inspect end flues when
the doors are off of the ovens
after pushing
Seal large and small
cracks regularly. Repair
brickwork at end flues as
needed.
Ovens may be silica
dusted just before
charging.
Excess raw
oven gas
generated after
charging that
leaks through
oven walls to
flues
Shut off the fuel gas for
that oven for 15 to 20
minutes to burn off
excess raw oven gas and
allow carbon deposit to
seal the cracks on the
oven walls.
a Visually inspect stack emission after the charging of an oven or use COMS to identify problem ovens; excess stack
emissions are usually associated with recently charged ovens.
b Turn on the steam aspiration system in the oven temporarily to create a vacuum inside the oven.
0 If the %O2 is below 4% and/or the level of combustibles is above 0.4%, the coking process in the oven may be
considered abnormal and the oven a source of emissions.
3-24
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The mobile refractory gunning device is usually mounted on a large truck bed and consists of a
telescoping gun on a mask, a slurry mixing tank, a pump, auxiliary equipment, and control
devices. The telescoping gun is insulated and cooled by circulating water through the barrel.
The mast provides upward and downward movement. The gun can traverse along the length of
the oven, and the spray head can be swivelled 360° to reach any points in the oven. When an
oven is identified for patching, both oven doors are removed and the truck is positioned in front
of the oven on the push side. The operator stands near the end of the empty oven, visually
inspects the interior of the oven, positions the spray head by remote control, then applies the
patching slurry to the cracks in the walls.16
Ceramic Welding. Ceramic welding is similar to mobile gunning in that it uses a boom
and lance device to deliver a patching material to the interior of a damaged oven. Ceramic
welding, however, uses no water and therefore forms a more durable and longer-lasting weld
than slurry-based mobile gunning.19
In ceramic welding, refractory material is conveyed in air through water-cooled lances to
the damaged area. Oxygen is introduced at the lance, and the heat released from oxidation of
metallic constituents fuses the material to the damaged brickwork. The procedure can be carried
out while the oven is kept at or near its normal operating temperature, resulting in little
downtime. Heat shields are used to maintain flue temperatures during the mobile gunning
process.20
Silica Dusting. Silica dusting relies on the pressure differences between an empty oven,
which is at atmospheric pressure, and the heating flues, which are under negative stack draft, to
carry the fine silica dust particles into small cracks in the oven walls. Large cracks will permit
the silica dust to pass through directly into the flues, so they have to be sealed by patching first.
Before silica dusting begins, the oven floors are cleaned, and oven doors, off-take
openings, and lids are sealed to prevent silica dust from escaping through these openings. Flue
temperatures are adjusted to approximately 2,100 °F. The silica dust is placed in a hopper and
aspirated by compressed air through a hose to a discharge pipe located below the center charging
hole. The rate of dusting is controlled by a valve in the bottom of the hopper such that the dust
3-25
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will be distributed evenly throughout the oven chamber. A manometer connected to a charging
hole at the coke-side end of the oven is used to monitor the dusting process. As the cracks are
being sealed, the pressure in the oven becomes steady. When a steady pressure of 75 mm H2O or
higher is obtained, the dusting process is considered complete. The procedure generally takes 1-
1/2 to 2 hours. After the oven is charged, the flues are inspected for leakage.18
3.4 REFERENCES
1. A. Conners & J. Mullen. "Developments in Coke Oven Emission Control," Iron & Steel
Engineer, June 1980,.pp. 33 - 38.
2. Report, Coke Quench Tower Emission Testing Program, EPA-600/2-79-082, York
Research Corporation, April 1979.
3. Data from RTI project database compiled from EPA section 114 survey responses, July
1998.
4. A. Murphy, "Profit from Pollution," Iron & Steel International, Oct. 1982, pp. 260-268.
5. M. Jasinski, "Status of Coke Pushing Emissions Control and Available Emissions Data,"
Proceedings of Air Pollution Control in the Iron and Steel Industry, Chicago Illinois,
April 21-23 1981, pp. 114- 126.
6. Report, Technical Support Document for Control of Coke Oven Pushing Emissions,
Prepared by RTI for EPA, Contract No. 68-01-4141, Circa 1980.
7. C. Skalos & R. Vogelsberger, "The Design and Startup of a Dravo/Still "Minister Stein"
Type Coke Oven Pushing Emission Control System," Technical Conference on Control
of Air Emissions From Coke Plants, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, April 17-19 1979, pp. 64-
73.
8. S. George & E. Kong, Research Triangle Institute, Site Visit Reports — ABC Coke,
Bethlehem Steel, Citizen's Gas & Coke Utility, Koppers Industries, Inc., LTV Steel,
Shenango Inc., Sloss Industries, USS Clairton Works, USS Gary Works. March 31, 1998
-JuneS, 1998.
9. R. Randolph & C. Price, "U.S. Steel Gary Works Land Based Pushing Emissions
Control," Ironmaking Conference Proceedings, vol. 42, April 1983, pp. 371-376.
10. D. Metzger, et al, "A Comparison of Alternative Coke Pushing Emission Control
Systems," Proceedings: Symposium on Iron and Steel Pollution Abatement Technology,
Pittsburgh, PA, November 16-18, 1982, pp. 182 - 189.
3-26
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11. D. Masson, "Selection and Design of a Coke Side Pushing Emission Control System for
Retro-Fit to Existing Coke Oven Batteries," Technical Conference on Control of Air
Emissions From Coke Plants, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, April 17-19 1979.
12. Report, Engineering Analysis of Emission Controls for Wet Quench Towers, Prepared by
MRIforEPA, Contract No. 68-02-2609, January 1979.
13. O. Ritamaki, "Environmentally Feasible Coke Dry Quenching Technology at
Rautaruukki Ltd., Raahe Steel," Steel World, no. 1, 1996, pp. 21 - 27.
14. C. Vogel and W. Ponder, "Environmental Tests Comparing Kress Indirect Dry Cooling
with Conventional Coke Oven Pushing and Quenching," Characterization and Control of
Odors and VOC in the Process Industries. Eds. Vigneron/Hermia/Chaouki. Elsevier
Science, 1994, pp. 397-407.
15. Report, Setting New Source Performance Standards and National Emission Standards for
Hazardous Air Pollutants, Coke Oven Battery Stacks; Emission Test Recommendations,
Prepared by MRI for EPA, Contract No. 68-02-3059, April 9, 1979.
16. Report, Coke Oven Battery Stacks - Background Information for Proposed Standards,
EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, May 1980.
17. M. Branscome, Research Triangle Institute, Site Visit Report — USS Clairton Works.
June 8, 1999.
18. J. Sundholm and J.Saunders, "Patching and Silica Dusting of Coke Ovens at Pittsburgh
Works," Proceedings Control of Air Emissions from Coke Plants, Western Pennsylvania
Section, Air Pollution Control Association, April 1979.
19. Telecon, S. George, Research Triangle Institute to B. Wise, ABC Coke, March 5, 1998.
20. Fax from Mark Poling, ABC Coke, to Emery Kong, RTL, Describing procedures for the
control of battery stack emissions, January 21, 1998.
3-27
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4. MODEL BATTERIES
This chapter develops model batteries to use for estimating emissions and the cost of
emission control. Model batteries are used to represent groups of actual batteries and reflect
many of the differences among the actual population of batteries.
4.1 APPROACH
Major features affecting emissions and control costs were identified. Based on literature
reviews, site visits, and discussions with plant personnel, the following battery features were
identified as most affecting emissions and control costs for pushing, quenching, and battery
stacks:
overall battery condition,
• non-recovery vs. by-product recovery process,
• foundry vs. furnace coke,
• short (less than 5 m) vs. tall (5 or 6 m) ovens, and
4.2 BATTERY INFORMATION
Data from an industry-wide EPA survey1 were used to develop representative values for
battery characteristics ( such as coking time and annual coke production) to assign to the model
batteries. The survey provided information on battery design, operation, maintenance and repair,
pushing and quenching operations, and underfiring parameters from 75 batteries at 27 plants in
1998. However, because two plants have shutdown since that time, the data from 68 batteries at
the 25 plants currently in operation were used to develop model batteries.
Actual batteries were assigned to a model battery based on type of battery (non-recovery
or by-product recovery), type of coke produced (furnace or foundry), battery condition, and
battery height. Median values for the batteries in each group were assigned to the model
batteries. The characteristics of the model batteries are presented in Table 4-1 for the different
groups and classes. Relative to furnace coke batteries, foundry coke batteries have fewer ovens
longer coking times, and a lower production rate.
4-1
-------
4.3 MODEL DEVELOPMENT
The batteries were separated into three categories that included 10 nonrecovery batteries
(Group 1), 14 foundry coke batteries (Group 2), and 44 furnace coke batteries (Group 3) (see
Table 4-1). The 14 foundry coke batteries were divided into 3 classes, 11 that have or only need
to implement a baseline repair program (Classes A and B), and 3 that need more extensive
repairs in addition to a baseline repair program (Class C). The 44 furnace coke batteries were
divided into four classes, 41 batteries that have or only need to implement a baseline repair
program (Class A - C) and 3 batteries that need more extensive repairs in addition to a baseline
repair program (Class D). Among batteries that have pushing emission control, classes vary
based on battery condition; Classes A and C in Group 3 differ only in oven height. Table 4-2
provides additional details on how the actual batteries were grouped.
Battery condition is one of the fundamental factors affecting emissions and control costs.
Model batteries with "no significant costs for pushing or stacks" represent batteries currently
operating at the MACT level. Those requiring a baseline repair program represent batteries that
need minor repairs and regular maintenance to attain MACT (the baseline repair program is
described in more detail in Chapter 6). Batteries in need of more extensive repairs are
categorized as needing, "two through-walls, 10 end flues, and spray patching on 50% of ovens"
to facilitate cost calculations. Data used to classify battery condition include the survey
responses, observations during site visits, and discussions with plant personnel and State and
local regulators.
4.4 REFERENCES
1. Data from RTI project database compiled from EPA section 114 survey responses and
industry, July 1998.
4-2
-------
TABLE 4-1. MODEL BATTERIES
No. Of
Batteries
Battery
Condition
Height*
Median No.
of ovens
Median
Coking Time
(hrs)
Median Coke
Production
(tpy)
Group 1:
Nonrecovery
Batteries
(10 batteries
at 2 plants)
10
No costs for
pushing or stacks;
both generally low
opacity
short
32
48
160,000
Group 2: Foundry By-Product Recovery
Batteries
(14 batteries at 6 plants)
A
3
No significant
costs for pushing
or stacks
B
8
Will require
baseline repair
program.
short
41
27
89,000
c
3
Will require
baseline repair
program plus: 2
through- walls, 10
end flues, spray
patching on 50%
of ovens.
short
65
24
327,330
Group 3: Furnace By-Product Recovery Batteries
(44 batteries at 17 plants)
A
14
No significant
costs for pushing
or stacks
B
19
Will require
baseline repair
program.
short
63
19
320,000
C
8
No significant
costs for pushing
or stacks
tall
77
18
830,000
D
3
Will require
baseline repair
program plus: 2
through- walls, 10
end flues, spray
patching on 50%
of ovens.
short
40
28
101,013
"short" batteries have ovens 5 meters or less in height; "tall" batteries have ovens between 5 and 6 meters in height.
-------
TABLE 4-2. PARAMETERS USED TO DEVELOP MODEL BATTERIES
Plant
Battery
No. of ovens
Height (m)
Coking time (hours)
Total Coke Production (tpy)
Non-Recovery Batteries
Indiana Harbor Coke, East Chicago, IN
Indiana Harbor Coke, East Chicago, IN
Indiana Harbor Coke, East Chicago, IN
Indiana Harbor Coke, East Chicago, IN
Jewell Coke and Coal, Vansant, VA
Jewell Coke and Coal, Vansant, VA
Jewell Coke and Coal, Vansant, VA
Jewell Coke and Coal, Vansant, VA
Jewell Coke and Coal, Vansant, VA
Jewell Coke and Coal, Vansant, VA
average
median
A
B
C
D
2D
2E
3B
3C
3F
3G
67
67
67
67
18
27
26
36
17
18
41
32
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.82
2.82
3.13
3.13
2.82
2.82
3
3
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
325,000
325,000
325,000
325,000
96,085
144,127
138,789
192,169
90,746
96,085
205,800
168,148
By-Product Recovery Foundry Coke Batteries
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
[Coppers, Monessen, PA
[Coppers, Monessen, PA
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
average
median
1A
5
6
E
H
1
A
B
IB
2
1
3
4
5
78
25
29
47
41
72
23
35
37
19
56
30
30
60
42
36
5.0
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
5.0
3.5
3.5
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.7
3.7
3.7
4
4
26
26
26
30.5
30.5
26.5
17
17
17.9
21
21
31
24
26
571,730
107,700
124,700
114,206
99,876
473,582
60,577
92,182
248,134
127,420
371,844
135,736
135,736
192,834
204,018
131,578
4-4
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TABLE 4-2. PARAMETERS USED TO DEVELOP MODEL BATTERIES (continued)
Plant
Battery
No. of ovens
Height (m)
Coking time (hours)
Total Coke Production (tpy)
By-Product Recovery Foundry Coke Batteries - no pushing emission control
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
New Boston, Portsmouth, OH
average
median
2
3
2
65
65
70
67
65
4.0
4.0
4.0
4
4
24
24
17
22
24
218,220
327,330
340,500
272,775
327,330
By-Product Recovery Furnace Coke Batteries - short
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Granite City, IL
National Steel, Granite City, IL
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
1
2
3
4
W
7
8
1
2
3
4
4
A
B
1
2
3
7
8
9
13
50
50
76
70
76
76
76
63
63
63
63
85
45
45
64
64
64
62
64
64
61
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
19
19
19.2
18.2
19.5
18.42
18.42
17
17.5
17
17
16.72
15.9
15.9
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.6
18.6
18.6
18
256,784
256,784
382,212
631,780
428,300
399,766
395,646
202,108
123,022
237,258
184,474
573,642
296,248
296,332
331,202
331,202
331,202
336,202
336,202
336,202
336,420
4-5
-------
TABLE 4-2. PARAMETERS USED TO DEVELOP MODEL BATTERIES (continued)
Plant
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
average
median
Battery
14
15
19
20
5
7
1
2
3
No. of ovens
61
61
87
87
77
77
47
47
51
65
64
Height (m)
3.6
3.6
4.3
4.3
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
4
4
Coking time (hours)
18
18
18.6
18.6
19
19
20.7
20.7
20.7
18
19
Total Coke Production (tpy)
336,420
336,420
549,440
549,440
269,549
284,919
148,078
148,078
148,078
325,780
331,202
By-Product Recovery Furnace Coke Batteries - tall
Bethlehem Steel, Bums Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Bums Harbor, IN
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
average
median
1
2
2
5
B
2
3
8
82
82
60
85
75
57
57
79
72
77
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.0
6.0
6.0
6
6
18
18
18
18
18
13
13
18.1
17
IS
898,701
947,109
631,530
981,608
894,478
640,045
618,970
901,942
814,298
896,590
By-Product Recovery Furnace Coke Batteries - no pushing emission control
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
average
median
1
2
2
40
20
60
40
40
2.49
2.49
4.0
3
2.49
28
28
28
28
28
101,013
50,507
218,701
3 70,221
101,013
4-6
-------
5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
This chapter focuses on the environmental impacts associated with achieving the MACT
level of control. The primary impact is the reduction of emissions of HAP when MACT is
implemented. Secondary impacts, such as the generation of solid waste and increased energy
usage, are also discussed. Emission reductions of HAP are expressed in terms of the listed HAP
"coke oven emissions" which includes a variety of organic compounds. Methylene chloride
extractables is used as a surrogate measure for coke oven emissions and includes organic
particulate matter (semivolatile organics) such as POM and PAH.
5.1 DERIVATION OF EMISSION FACTORS FOR PUSHING
Coke oven emissions from pushing originate when coal has not been completely coked,
which produces "green coke." During pushing green coke generates emissions of a variety of
volatile and semivolatile organic compounds that are not captured or controlled effectively by
pushing emissions' capture and control systems. Emissions from pushing depend on the
frequency and extent that green pushes occur. Some of the best controlled batteries have very
few green pushes, and others have higher levels as indicated by the high opacity of emissions that
escape capture.
The EPA conducted tests of pushing emissions at Bethlehem Steel (Burns Harbor, IN)1
and ABC Coke (Birmingham, AL)2. These two plants had very few green pushes during the
tests; however, the results can be used to derive emission factors for green coke and coke that is
not green. Because most of the emissions from green coke are not captured and controlled, the
actual sampling results must be used in combination with estimates of capture efficiency and the
number of green pushes observed during the test to derive emission factors.
Table 5-1 summarizes the results for the test conducted at Bethlehem Steel. There were
three pushes during Runs 1 and 3 that were characterized as partially to moderately green
(opacity on the order of 30% to 50% observed during the push) compared to six pushes of a
similar nature during Run 2. The emissions of the pollutants of interest were highest during Run
2, which reflects the higher emissions from these moderately green pushes. For example, the
5-1
-------
extractable organics during Run 2 were 0.0057 Ib/ton compared to an average of 0.0045 Ib/ton
during Runs 1 and 3.
TABLE 5-1. PAH RESULTS FOR PUSHING - BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR1
BAGHOUSE INLET (Ib/ton)
7 PAH
1 Benzo(a)anthracene
2 Benzo(a)pyrene
3 Benzo(b)fluoranthene
4 Benzo(k)fluoranthene
5 Chrysene
6 Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
7 Ideno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene
Total 7 PAH
16 PAH
8 Acenaphthene
9 Acenaphthylene
10 Anthracene
11 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
12 Fluoranthene
13 Fluorene
14 Naphthalene
15 Phenanthrene
16 Pyrene
Total 16 PAH
Other PAH
2-Methylnaphthalene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Perylene
Total Other PAH
Total - all PAH
Extractable organics (Ib/hr)
Number of moderately green
pushes
Number of nongreen pushes
Total number of pushes
Percent green
Runl
7.1E-07
4
5
2
4
8
2
1.
5
4
5
1
1
1
2
1
1
7.
6
1
7
7.
8.
4.
8E-07
9E-06
3E-06
3E-06
6E-07
1E-06
7E-05
4E-07
3E-06
7E-07
7E-06
1E-05
7E-06
1E-05
6E-05
7E-06
4E-05
2E-06
6E-06
8E-08
8E-06
2E-05
9E-03
3
43
46
7
Run 2
5.7E-07
3.2E-07
6.1E-06
2.3E-06
4.4E-06
8.1E-07
2.0E-06
1.7E-05
3.5E-07
4.4E-06
5.1E-07
.6E-06
.3E-05
.3E-06
2.6E-05
.9E-05
.9E-06
8.4E-05
5.0E-06
1.4E-06
O.OE+00
6.4E-06
9.0E-05
5.7E-03
6
41
47
13
Run 3
1.3E-07
1.3E-07
3.0E-06
8.5E-07
1.9E-06
2.5E-07
4.6E-07
6.7E-06
5.4E-07
2.7E-06
6.5E-07
3.3E-07
6.8E-06
1.3E-06
2.9E-05
2.0E-05
3.9E-07
6.9E-05
3.1E-06
4.0E-07
O.OE+00
3.5E-06
7.2E-05
4.0E-03
3
39
42
7
Average
4
3
5
1
3
6
1
1.
4
3
5
1
1
1
2
1
1
7.
4
1
2
5.
8.
4.
7E-07
1E-07
OE-06
8E-06
6E-06
4E-07
5E-06
3E-05
8E-07
8E-06
8E-07
2E-06
OE-05
5E-06
5E-05
8E-05
3E-06
6E-05
7E-06
1E-06
6E-08
9E-06
2E-05
9E-03
BAGHOUSE OUTLET
Runl
3.6E-08
3
4
4
7
9
4
2.
9
1
5
9
3
1
4
7
1
6.
1
3
7
1.
7.
3.
IE-OS
7E-08
4E-08
IE-OS
1E-09
IE-OS
8E-07
IE-OS
9E-07
5E-08
1E-09
1E-07
9E-07
7E-06
6E-07
8E-07
8E-06
OE-06
IE-OS
1E-09
1E-06
9E-06
1E-03
Run 2
2.4E-08
1.5E-08
3.4E-08
1.8E-08
7.6E-08
O.OE+00
1.6E-08
1.8E-07
6.6E-08
1.5E-07
2.1E-08
2.5E-09
1.3E-07
1.5E-07
4.8E-06
5.2E-07
9.8E-08
6.1E-06
1.4E-06
1.8E-08
7.1E-09
1.4E-06
7.5E-06
2.4E-03
(Ib/ton)
Run 3
1.2E-08
l.OE-08
1.9E-08
1.3E-08
3.2E-08
O.OE+00
1.3E-08
9.9E-08
4.9E-08
1.7E-07
l.OE-08
3.3E-09
7.6E-08
l.OE-07
4.7E-06
3.1E-07
4.9E-08
5.5E-06
8.6E-07
1.2E-08
O.OE+00
8.7E-07
6.4E-06
2.7E-03
Average
2.4E-08
1.9E-08
3.4E-08
2.5E-08
6.0E-08
3.0E-09
2.3E-08
1.9E-07
6.9E-08
1.7E-07
2.8E-08
4.9E-09
1.7E-07
1.5E-07
4.7E-06
5.3E-07
1.1E-07
6.1E-06
1.1E-06
2.0E-08
4.7E-09
1.1E-06
7.3E-06
2.7E-03
5-2
-------
The results for ABC Coke are given in Table 5-2 and show that there were 4 green pushes
identified for each of the 3 runs. Most of these pushes were moderately green (in the range of 30%
to 50% opacity); however, during Run 1, a severely green push was observed that had an opacity on
the order of 95% during both the push and travel, and a yellow brown plume came from the quench
tower during quenching. The oven that was pushed was adjacent to an oven that had been taken out
of service for repair. The effect of this green push on the emissions is evident with emission levels
two to three times higher for Run 1 than for the other runs. For example, extractable organics
during Run 1 were 0.016 Ib/ton compared to 0.0078 Ib/ton during Runs 2 and 3.
TABLE 5-2. PAH RESULTS FOR PUSHING - ABC COKE2
BAGHOUSE INLET (Ib/ton)
7 PAH
1 Benzo(a)anthracene
2 Benzo(a)pyrene
3 Benzo(b)fluoranthene
4 Benzo(k)fluoranthene
5 Chrysene
6 Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
7 Ideno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene
Total 7 PAH
16 PAH
8 Acenaphthene
9 Acenaphthylene
10 Anthracene
1 1 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
12 Fluoranthene
13 Fluorene
14 Naphthalene
15 Phenanthrene
16 Pyrene
Total 16 PAH
Other PAH
2-Methylnaphthalene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Perylene
Total Other PAH
Total - all PAH
Extractable organics (Ib/hr)
Number of severely green pushes
Number of moderately green pushes
Number of nongreen pushes
Total number of pushes
Percent green
Runl
2.3E-05
9.8E-06
2.6E-05
1.4E-05
4.0E-05
O.OE+00
1.7E-05
1.3E-04
2.3E-05
1.4E-04
2.5E-05
O.OE+00
7.7E-05
5.3E-06
5.6E-04
2.5E-04
5.1E-05
1.3E-03
1.2E-04
l.OE-05
1.7E-06
1.3E-04
1.4E-03
1.6E-02
1
3
17
21
19
Run 2
1.3E-05
3.4E-06
9.3E-06
6.6E-06
2.1E-05
O.OE+00
7.7E-06
6.1E-05
7.7E-06
6.4E-05
7.7E-06
O.OE+00
3.2E-05
2.9E-05
2.1E-04
9.5E-05
2.3E-05
5.3E-04
4.3E-05
4.6E-06
5.0E-07
4.8E-05
5.8E-04
9.8E-03
0
4
17
21
19
Run 3
1.5E-05
2.4E-06
8.2E-06
4.9E-06
2.4E-05
O.OE+00
5.3E-06
6.0E-05
8.5E-06
4.5E-05
1.2E-05
O.OE+00
3.4E-05
2.4E-05
2.2E-04
8.9E-05
2.4E-05
5.1E-04
5.5E-05
4.5E-06
3.8E-07
6.0E-05
5.7E-04
5.8E-03
0
4
18
22
18
Average
1
5
1
8
2
0
1
8
1
8
1
0
4
1
3
1
3
7
7
6
8
7
8
1
.7E-05
.2E-06
.5E-05
.6E-06
.9E-05
OE+00
.OE-05
.4E-05
.3E-05
.2E-05
.5E-05
OE+00
.8E-05
.9E-05
.3E-04
.4E-04
.3E-05
.7E-04
.2E-05
.4E-06
.6E-07
.9E-05
.4E-04
.OE-02
BAGHOUSE OUTLET
Runl
4
0
3
3
1
0
0
7E-07
OE+00
3E-07
3E-07
2E-06
OE+00
OE+00
2.3E-06
1
8
3
0
3
3
4
1
2
1E-05
1E-05
3E-05
OE+00
3E-05
4E-05
7E-04
1E-04
6E-05
8.0E-04
8
2
0
9E-05
1E-07
OE+00
9.0E-05
8.9E-04
2.4E-02
Run 2
3.7E-07
O.OE+00
2.8E-07
2.4E-07
9.8E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.9E-06
3.8E-06
3.4E-05
5.0E-06
O.OE+00
5.0E-06
1.1E-05
1.4E-04
6.9E-05
1.2E-05
2.9E-04
3.7E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3.7E-05
3.2E-04
4.9E-03
Run 3
3.7E-07
O.OE+00
3.3E-07
2.2E-07
1.1E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.0E-06
5.5E-06
2.7E-05
8.0E-06
O.OE+00
8.0E-06
1.4E-05
1.7E-04
4.2E-05
l.OE-05
2.9E-04
5.6E-05
1.7E-07
O.OE+00
5.6E-05
3.4E-04
2.4E-03
(Ib/ton)
Average
4
0
o
5
2
1
0
0
OE-07
OE+00
1E-07
6E-07
1E-06
OE+00
OE+00
2.1E-06
6
4
1
0
1
2
2
7
1
9E-06
7E-05
5E-05
OE+00
5E-05
OE-05
6E-04
3E-05
6E-05
4.6E-04
6
1
0
1E-05
3E-07
OE+00
6.1E-05
5.2E-04
l.OE-02
5-3
-------
5.1.1 Derivation of an Emission Factor from the Bethlehem Steel Test Results
The Bethlehem Steel results were used to derive an emission factor for moderately green
pushes. This estimate assumes a capture efficiency of 90% for non-green pushes and 40% for
moderately green pushes. An example is given below for the extractable organics and involves
solving two independent equations with two unknowns.
! During Run 2, six pushes were moderately green and 41 were not; the emission rate was
0.0057 Ib/t.
! During Runs 1 and 3, three pushes were moderately green and 41 (average) were not; the
emission rate averaged 0.0045 Ib/t.
! Let "x" equal the emission factor for uncontrolled non-green pushes and "y" the emission
factor for uncontrolled moderately green pushes.
Equations can be written for the test runs based on the number of each type of push and the
capture efficiency for each type, which corresponds to what was captured and measured at the
baghouse inlet. The equation for Run 2 (for extractable organics measured at the baghouse inlet)
is:
[(41)(0.9)(x) + (6)(.4)(y)]/47 = 0.0057 Ib/t
or
36.9 x + 2.4 y = 0.27 Equation (1)
The equation for Runs 1 and 3 is:
[(41)(0.9)(x) + (3)(.4)(y)]/44 = 0.0045 Ib/t
or
36.9 x + 1.2 y = 0.20 Equation (2)
5-4
-------
Solving the Equations (1) and (2) for x and y yields:
x = 0.0035 Ib/t (uncontrolled non-green pushes)
y = 0.058 Ib/t (uncontrolled moderately green pushes).
The procedure was repeated for the other pollutants of interest with the results in Table 5-3.
TABLE 5-3. EMISSION FACTORS FROM THE BETHLEHEM STEEL TEST
Pollutant
7 PAH
16 PAH
Extractable organics
Ib/t for non-green
6.7 x ID'6
6.4 x ID'5
3.5x ID'3
Ib/t for moderately green
2.3 x ID'4
6.7 x ID'4
5.8x ID'2
Ratio
34
10
16
The ratios in the table indicate that the emissions from moderately green pushes are on the order
of 10 to 34 times higher than those of non-green pushes.
5.1.2 Derivation of an Emission Factor from the ABC Coke Test Results
An approach similar to that used for the Bethlehem Steel test was used to derive an
estimate of the contribution of green pushes to overall emissions from the ABC Coke test. In this
case, three equations and three unknowns were used for the 7-PAH and 16-PAH to derive
emission factors for non-green, moderately green, and severely green pushes. An example is
given below for the 7-PAH and assumes a capture efficiency of 90% for the non-green pushes,
40% for the moderately green pushes, and 10% for the severely green push.
! Let "x" equal the uncontrolled emissions in Ib/ton for the non-green pushes.
! Let "y" equal the uncontrolled emissions in Ib/ton for the moderately green pushes.
! Let "z" equal the uncontrolled emissions in Ib/ton for the severely green push during Run
1.
! The emissions of 7-PAH were 1.3 E-4, 6.1 E-5, and 6.0 E-5 Ib/ton for Runs 1, 2, and 3,
respectively.
5-5
-------
The equation for Run 1 with 17 non-green pushes, 3 moderately green pushes, and 1 severely
green push is:
[(17)(0.9)(x) + (3)(0.4)(y) + (l)(0.1)(z)]/21 = 0.00013 Ib/ton
or
15.3 x + 1.2 y + 0.1 z = 0.00273 Equation (1)
The equation for Run 2 with 17 non-green pushes and 4 moderately green pushes is:
[(17)(0.9)(x) + (4)(0.4)(y)]/21 = 0.000061 Ib/ton
or
15.3 x + 1.6 y = 0.00128 Equation (2)
The equation for Run 3 with 18 non-green pushes and 4 moderately green pushes is:
[(18)(0.9)(x) + (4)(0.4)(y)]/21 = 0.000060 Ib/ton
or
16.2 x + 1.6 y = 0.00126 Equation (3)
Solving Equations (1), (2), and (3) for x, y, and z yields the following emission factors for the
7-PAH:
x = 4.3 E-5 for non-green pushes
y = 3.0 E-4 for moderately green pushes
z = 1.6 E-2 for severely green pushes.
The procedure was repeated to derive emission factors for the 16-PAH. This approach could not
be used for the extractable organics for ABC Coke because of the anomalous results for Run 2,
which appear to be high by a factor of two based on the 7-PAH and 16-PAH results. For
example, the 16-PAH were 8% to 9% of the extractable organics for Runs 1 and 3 compared to
about 5% for Run 2. A similar discrepancy is seen with the 7-PAH results. Consequently,
emission factors for extractable organics were derived based on a ratio of 0.08 for 16-
PAH:extractables. Results for both of the tests are summarized in Table 5-4.
5-6
-------
TABLE 5-4. UNCONTROLLED EMISSION FACTORS FOR PUSHING (Ib/ton coke)
Pollutant
7-PAH
16-PAH
Extractables
Non-green
BSC
6.7 E-6
6.4 E-5
3.5E-3
ABC
4.3 E-5
1.0 E-4
1.3E-3
Moderately green
BSC
2.3 E-4
6.7 E-4
5.8 E-2
ABC
3. 9 E-4
6.0 E-3
7.5 E-2
Severely green
ABC
1.6 E-2
1.9E-1
2.3
5.1.3 Frequency of Green Pushes
Information on the frequency of green pushes at different batteries is needed to use the
emission factors derived in the previous section. A model battery approach is developed here
because pushing data are not available for every battery. Based on the data available, individual
batteries are classified as: (1) batteries currently operate at the MACT level of control (Group 1),
(2) batteries that will require moderate improvement to achieve MACT (Group 2), and
(3) batteries that will have to achieve significant reductions in green pushes to achieve MACT
(Group 3).
Data for several batteries show green pushes occur, even on batteries that are among the
best controlled. However, severely green pushes with opacity greater than 50% are rare for well-
controlled batteries. For example, our database shows that 16 well controlled batteries exceeded
50% opacity only once in 3,700 observations. For the model battery approach, we will use a
conservative estimate of 0.5% severely green pushes for the Group 1 batteries (MACT level of
control). For moderately green pushes in the range of 30% to 50% opacity, the well-controlled
batteries averaged 0% to about 5% of the pushes in this range. We will use a conservative
estimate of 5% green pushes for the Group 1 batteries.
Two batteries that are less well controlled (USS Clairton Batteries 19 and 20) averaged
2% of the pushes over 50% opacity. An estimate of 2% severely green pushes (over 50%
opacity) was chosen for this analysis to develop conservative estimates of emissions for Group 2
batteries (moderate improvement required). For these same two batteries, about 15% of the
pushes were in the range of 30% to 50% opacity (moderately green). Similarly, at Tonawanda
5-7
-------
Coke about 20% of the pushes were in the range of 30% to 50% opacity. For this analysis, a
conservative value of 20% moderately green pushes was used for Group 2 batteries.
Data for Gulf States Steel from the observation of 275 pushes were used to characterize
the frequency of green pushes for Group 3 batteries. Approximately 20% of the pushes averaged
over 50% opacity, and 35% were in the range of 30% to 50% opacity.
The distribution of pushes for the three groups is summarized in Table 5-5.
TABLE 5-5. DISTRIBUTION OF GREEN PUSHES FOR DIFFERENT GROUPS OF
BATTERIES
Group
1
2
3
Percent of pushes in each category
Severely green
0.5
2
20
Moderately green
5
20
35
Non-green
94.5
78
45
5.1.4 Estimates of Nationwide Emissions
The approach to estimate nationwide emissions for pushes is based on developing
emission factors for each type or group of battery, assigning each actual battery to one of the
groups, and summing emissions across batteries. The average emission factors for extractable
organics from the tests at ABC Coke and Bethlehem Steel are summarized in Table 5-6.
TABLE 5-6. AVERAGE UNCONTROLLED EMISSION FACTORS FOR PUSHING
Type
Non-green
Moderately green
Severely green
Extractable organics (Ib/ton
of coke)
0.0024
0.067
2.3
5-8
-------
The emission estimates are based on the following assumptions:
A non-green push is defined as one with an average opacity less than 30%, moderately
green is 30% to less than 50%, and severely green is 50% or greater.
For batteries that have capture and control, capture efficiencies are assumed to be 90% for
non-green, 40% for moderately green, and 10% for severely green pushes.
Emissions from the control device are estimated as 0.0064 Ib/ton from the average of the
test results at Bethlehem Steel and ABC Coke (0.0027 and 0.01 Ib/ton, respectively).
An emission factor for the Group 1 batteries is estimated as follows:
(1) Emissions from non-green pushes:
Fraction non-green x emission factor for non-green pushes x fraction not captured =
0.945 x 0.0024 Ib/ton x (1 - 0.9) = 0.0002 Ib/ton
(2) Emissions from moderately green pushes:
Fraction moderately green x emission factor for moderately green pushes x fraction not captured
0.05 x 0.067 Ib/ton x (1-0.6) = 0.0013 Ib/ton
(3) Emissions from severely green pushes:
Fraction severely green x emission factor for severely green pushes x fraction not captured =
0.005 x2.3 Ib/ton x (1-0.1) = 0.010 Ib/ton
(4) Emissions from the control device:
0.0064 Ib/ton
(5) Total for Group 1:
0.0002 + 0.0013 + 0.0JO + 0.0064 = 0.018 Ib/ton.
A similar procedure was used for the other groups to develop the emission factors given
in Table 5-7. Some batteries in Group 2 do not have capture and controls for pushing emissions;
consequently, emission factors were developed for both the controlled and uncontrolled cases.
None of the batteries in Group 3 have capture and control; therefore, only uncontrolled emission
factors were developed for this group.
5-9
-------
TABLE 5-7 PUSHING EMISSION FACTORS
Group
1 - controlled
2 - controlled
2 - uncontrolled
3 - uncontrolled
Extractable organic emissions
(Ib/ton)
0.018
0.053
0.061
0.48
Each battery was assigned to one of the groups listed in Table 5-7 based on pushing
emissions data, a best guess when no data were available, and the presence or absence of a
capture and control system. The emission factors were then applied to each plant to estimate
emissions. The emission estimates, assignments, and emission factors are given in Table 5-8.
5.2 EMISSIONS FROM BATTERY STACKS
Estimates of emissions of extractable organics from battery stacks are based on the tests
conducted by EPA. The test results are summarized in Tables 5-10 and 5-11 for Bethlehem Steel
(Burns Harbor, IN) and ABC Coke (Birmingham, AL), respectively. The results are reasonably
consistent except for Run 3 at Burns Harbor. This run had about 10 times more naphthalene and
3 times more extractable organics than the other runs. In addition, the extractable organics were
20 to 30 times higher at Bethlehem Steel, but the PAH were the same order of magnitude as at
ABC Coke. These results indicate that extractable organics are not a good surrogate for POM for
the Bethlehem test because it may include compounds that are not POM or PAH. Consequently,
emission estimates for battery stacks are based on the test results for ABC Coke to avoid
overestimating emissions if the Bethlehem Steel test results were used.
5.2.1 Relationship Between Opacity and Concentration
The theoretical relationship between opacity expressed as a fraction (Op) and mass
concentration (C) is given by Equation I3'4:
C = - In (1.0 - Op)/constant Equation (1)
5-10
-------
TABLE 5-8. NATIONWIDE ESTIMATES OF EXTRACTABLE ORGANICS
EMISSIONS FROM PUSHING
No.
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
25
26
27
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
National Steel, Granite City, IL
New Boston, Portsmouth, OH
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
(1,2,3,7,8,9,13,14,15,6)
USS, Clairton, PA (19&20)
USS, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Coke (tpy)
803369
513568
1013992
428300
1845810
795412
687664
151520
152759
746862
545550
375554
631530
573642
981608
592580
340500
371844
464306
218701
3900000
1100000
1813483
1346176
Control?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Group
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
3
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
Ib/ton
0.018
0.018
0.053
0.053
0.018
0.053
0.053
0.480
0.053
0.053
0.480
0.053
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.053
0.061
0.053
0.053
0.061
0.018
0.053
0.053
0.053
TOTALS
EXTRACTABLE
ORGANICS (tpy)
BASELINE
7
4.6
26.9
11.4
16.6
21.1
18.2
36.4
4.0
19.8
130.9
10.0
5.7
5.2
8.8
15.7
10.4
9.9
12.3
6.7
35.1
29.2
48.1
35.7
529.7
After MACT
7.2
4.6
9.1
3.9
16.6
7.2
6.2
1.4
1.4
6.7
4.9
3.4
5.7
5.2
8.8
5.3
3.1
3.3
4.2
2.0
35.1
9.9
16.3
12.1
183.6
TABLE 5-9. CONCENTRATION ADJUSTMENTS FOR OPACITY
Opacity (%)
1.7
5
10
15
-In (1 - Opacity/100)
1.7
5.1
10.5
16
Ratio to 1.7% opacity
1
3
6.2
9.4
5-11
-------
TABLE 5-10. TEST RESULTS FOR STACKS - BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR1
7PAHs
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Benzo(a)anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Chrysene
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
Ideno( 1 ,2,3 -cd)pyrene
Total 7 PAHs
16 PAHs
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Anthracene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Naphthalene
Phenanthrene
Pyrene
Total 16 PAHs
Other PAHs
2-Methylnaphthalene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Perylene
Total Other PAHs
Total - all PAHs
Extractable Organics (Ib/hr)
Average Opacity (%)
EMISSIONS (Ib/hr)
Runl
5.5E-06
5.8E-06
9.3E-06
6.1E-06
1.5E-05
1.5E-06
5.4E-06
4.8E-05
2.3E-05
1.2E-04
6.3E-06
l.OE-05
5.3E-05
l.OE-04
1.3E-03
1.9E-04
2.1E-05
1.9E-03
7.1E-04
5.2E-06
1.5E-06
7.1E-04
2.6E-03
4.5
4.7
Run 2
3.0E-06
2.9E-06
5.5E-06
3.8E-06
7.2E-06
O.OE+00
3.9E-06
2.6E-05
1.3E-05
3.5E-05
2.4E-06
9.5E-06
2.7E-05
2.8E-05
3.7E-03
8.6E-05
9.7E-06
3.9E-03
2.4E-04
3.9E-06
O.OE+00
2.4E-04
4.2E-03
3.7
5.8
Run 3
7.4E-06
3.3E-06
6.6E-06
4.0E-06
1.6E-05
O.OE+00
3.6E-06
4.1E-05
4.6E-05
2.7E-04
8.9E-06
6.5E-06
6.4E-05
1.3E-04
1.9E-02
1.7E-04
2.3E-05
1.9E-02
8.4E-04
3.5E-06
O.OE+00
8.4E-04
2.0E-02
12.4
4.7
Average
5.3E-06
4.0E-06
7.1E-06
4.6E-06
1.3E-05
4.9E-07
4.3E-06
3.9E-05
2.8E-05
1.4E-04
5.8E-06
8.6E-06
4.8E-05
8.7E-05
7.8E-03
1.5E-04
1.8E-05
8.4E-03
6.0E-04
4.2E-06
4.9E-07
6.0E-04
9.0E-03
6.9
5.1
5-12
-------
TABLE 5-11. TEST RESULTS FOR STACKS - ABC COKE2
7PAHs
1
2
o
5
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Benzo(a)anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Chrysene
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
Ideno( 1 ,2,3 -cd)pyrene
Total 7 PAHs
16 PAHs
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Anthracene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Naphthalene
Phenanthrene
Pyrene
Total 16 PAHs
Other PAHs
2-Methylnaphthalene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Perylene
Total Other PAHs
Total - all PAHs
Extractable Organics (Ib/hr)
Average Opacity (%)
EMISSIONS (Ib/hr)
Runl
8.6E-06
1.2E-05
1.5E-05
O.OE+00
2.0E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
5.6E-05
1.5E-05
8.6E-04
3.3E-07
O.OE+00
2.9E-04
5.0E-05
5.3E-03
5.9E-04
1.5E-04
7.3E-03
1.5E-04
1.6E-05
O.OE+00
1.7E-04
7.5E-03
0.23
1.8
Run 2
4.7E-06
9.9E-06
2.0E-05
1.2E-07
2.2E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
5.6E-05
1.1E-05
3.2E-03
4.1E-07
O.OE+00
5.6E-04
3.2E-05
6.1E-03
9.4E-04
9.9E-04
1.2E-02
1.1E-04
6.6E-05
O.OE+00
1.8E-04
1.2E-02
0.20
1.6
Run 3
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.1E-05
O.OE+00
1.5E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.5E-05
6.0E-06
6.5E-04
1.1E-05
O.OE+00
2.4E-04
1.8E-05
3.8E-03
4.9E-04
1.7E-04
5.4E-03
7.9E-05
1.8E-05
O.OE+00
9.7E-05
5.5E-03
0.36
2.8
Run 4
7.2E-06
7.7E-06
1.3E-05
1.4E-07
2.5E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
5.3E-05
1.2E-05
O.OE+00
3.6E-07
O.OE+00
3.4E-04
6.3E-05
4.8E-03
8.5E-05
2.2E-04
5.5E-03
2.1E-04
1.4E-05
O.OE+00
2.2E-04
5.7E-03
0.09
0.7
Average
5.1E-06
7.5E-06
1.4E-05
6.4E-08
2.0E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4.7E-05
1.1E-05
1.2E-03
3.0E-06
O.OE+00
3.6E-04
4.1E-05
5.0E-03
5.3E-04
3.8E-04
7.5E-03
1.4E-04
2.8E-05
O.OE+00
1.7E-04
7.7E-03
0.22
1.7
By applying Taylor's expansion, the equation reduces to a linear relationship between opacity
and concentration for dilute concentrations (low opacities):
C = constant x Op. Equation (2)
The stack opacity at ABC Coke averaged only 1.7%; consequently, an adjustment must be made
when extrapolating the results to batteries with higher opacities to reflect the higher
concentrations. The concentration adjustments for batteries with opacities of 5%, 10%, and 15%
are given in Table 5-9 and are based on the relationship in Equation 1.
5-13
-------
For example, if the ABC Coke test results are extrapolated to a battery with 15% opacity, the
ABC Coke emission rate is multiplied by 9.4 to adjust for the higher concentration when the
opacity is 15%.
5.2.2 Adjustment for Volumetric Flow Rate
The adjustment for opacity corrects the mass concentration. However, the mass emission
rate is the product of concentration and volumetric flow rate. Therefore, an adjustment must be
made for volumetric flow rate when extrapolating the results to another battery. For example, the
volumetric flow rate at ABC Coke was 83,000 acfm. If the results are used to estimate mass
emissions from a battery with a stack flow rate of 150,000 acfm, the mass emission rate (in Ib/hr)
for ABC Coke are multiplied by 150,000/83,000 or 1.8.
5.2.3 Extrapolation to Other Batteries
Information on stack opacity and volumetric flow rate are needed to extrapolate the
results from the test at ABC Coke to other batteries. Data are available on stack gas flow rate
from an EPA survey of the industry. However, only limited data are available on stack opacity.
Table 5-12 summarizes the average stack opacity from batteries that provided data collected by
COMS. These data are used to develop typical opacity levels for two conditions: (1) the
baseline level with no MACT standard and (2) the level after MACT is in place. For this
analysis, a typical value of 10% is used as the baseline for batteries not at the MACT level based
on the range of 7.5% to 10.5% at USS Gary.
The results in Table 5-12 for the USS Clairton and Bethlehem Steel (Burns Harbor)
batteries are used to estimate the level achievable by MACT. The average opacity ranges from
1.5% to 4.5%. For this analysis, a conservative estimate of 5% opacity is used to estimate the
performance level that will be achieved by MACT.
An example calculation is given below for Acme Steel Battery 1 with an assumed
baseline opacity of 10% and a volumetric flow rate of 30,000 cfm.
0.22 Ib/hr (ABQx 6.2 (adjustmentfor 10% opacity)x[(30,000 acfm)+(ABC acfm of 83,000)] =
0.49 Ib/hr = 2.2 tpy
5-14
-------
A similar procedure was used for the other batteries to give the results shown in Table 5-13.
TABLE 5-12. SUMMARY OF BATTERY STACK OPACITY DATA
Plant
USS Gary
Battery
2
3
5
7
Range (baseline before MACT)
USS Clairton
Bethlehem, Burns Harbor
13
14
15
20
B
1
2
Range (after MACT)
Average opacity
(%)
10.5
8.8
7.5
9.6
7.5 to 10.5
2.1
1.8
2.9
1.5
4.3
4.5
3.8
1.5 to 4.5
Dates
3/97 through 6/98
3/97 through 6/98
3/97 through 6/98
3/97 through 6/98
1/99 through 3/99
1/99 through 3/99
1/99 through 3/99
1/99 through 3/99
1/99 through 3/99
8/93 through 7/99
12/94 through 7/99
5-15
-------
TABLE 5-13. ESTIMATES OF EXTRACTABLE ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM
BATTERY STACKS
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL*
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL*
Koppers, Monessen, PA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
National Steel, Granite City, IL
National Steel, Granite City, IL
New Boston, Portsmouth, OH*
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL*
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL*
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
Battery
5&6
1A
1
2
3
4
W
1
2
7
8
E
H
1
1,2
A, B
1
2
3
4
2
3
IB
2
2
4
5
A
B
2
1
3&4
5
2
1
2
3
Stack gas flow
rate (acfm)
185,000
187,000
30,000
30,000
70,900
185,100
137,400
226,000
164,000
209,869
176,013
25,000
25,000
37,200
94,545
37,900
80,000
83,000
100,000
110,000
100,000
100,000
37,645
19,196
94,280
187,170
343,000
83,700
103,700
35,000
101,000
85,000
85,000
97,000
82,100
90,750
74,150
Extractable organic
emissions (tpy)
Baseline
6.4
13.5
2.2
2.2
5.1
13.3
9.9
7.9
5.7
15.1
12.7
1.8
1.8
2.7
6.8
2.7
5.8
6.0
7.2
7.9
7.2
7.2
2.7
1.4
6.8
13.5
24.7
6.0
7.5
2.5
7.3
6.1
6.1
7.0
2.9
3.2
2.6
After MACT
6.4
6.5
1.0
1.0
2.5
6.4
4.8
7.9
5.7
7.3
6.1
0.9
0.9
1.3
3.3
1.3
2.8
2.9
3.5
3.8
3.5
3.5
1.3
0.7
3.3
6.5
11.9
2.9
3.6
1.2
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.4
2.9
3.2
2.6
5-16
-------
TABLE 5-13. ESTIMATES OF EXTRACTABLE ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM
BATTERY STACKS (continued)
Plant
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pittsburgh, East Steubenville, WV*
Wheeling-Pittsburgh, East Steubenville, WV*
Wheeling-Pittsburgh, East Steubenville, WV*
Wheeling-Pittsburgh, East Steubenville, WV*
Battery
7
8
9
13
14
15
19
20
B
2
3
5
7
1
2
3
8
Stack gas flow
rate (acfm)
79,950
86,700
88,700
71,600
76,000
74,600
149,000
133,000
207,500
116,908
179,959
67,824
80,070
37,000
37,000
37,000
164,000
TOTALS
Extractable organic
emissions (tpy)
Baseline
2.8
3.0
3.1
2.5
2.6
2.6
5.2
4.6
7.2
8.4
13.0
4.9
5.8
2.7
2.7
2.7
11.8
337
After MACT
2.8
3.0
3.1
2.5
2.6
2.6
5.2
4.6
7.2
4.1
6.3
2.4
2.8
1.3
1.3
1.3
5.7
195
* Volumetric flow rate was estimated from the industry average of 0.3 acfm/tpy coke.
5-17
-------
5.3 EMISSIONS FROM QUENCHING
5.3.1 HAP Data for Quenching
The most useful test report for quenching was from testing performed at US Steel's coke
plant in Lorain, Ohio, in 1977 by York Research under contract to EPA.5 The testing included 15
runs (four to six quenches per run)-- six runs for quenching using clean quench water with non-
green coke, five with clean water when green coke was quenched, and four using contaminated
water (flushing liquor from the byproduct plant) with non-green coke. The analyses focused on
organic compounds, especially PAH; results were also obtained for BSO, PM, and benzene.
The test results are summarized in Table 5-14. The major HAP were PAH, including
BaP, both of which are indicators of coke oven emissions. The PAH found in the greatest
quantity was naphthalene. Dirty water (from the coke by-product plant) was the major
contributor to emissions of organic compounds during quenching; however, most plants no
longer use contaminated water. Grab samples taken for benzene showed low levels of 0.01 to
0.13 g/Mg of coal (0.005 to 0.04 ppm); total hydrocarbons ranged from 30 to 60 g/Mg (8.5 to 17
ppm).
The report indicated that a great deal of effort went into identifying and trying to solve
potential sampling problems, including the use of a high volume sampler (because of the short
duration of quenches), obtaining a velocity profile (velocity varies with time), using a sorbent
trap in the back half of the train to capture organics, and training of observers to identify and
grade green pushes. However, some reviewers commented that the PM results are not
representative of most quench towers and should be used only for tall quench towers. The Lorain
tower was very tall (sampling was performed 95 feet above the ground), it had missing baffles,
and the steam plume velocity was higher.
The test report confirmed that the PM emissions contained more larger particles, captured
in the cyclone that preceded the filter, than had been seen in previous tests. This probably
resulted from an open area where baffles were missing. However, the report noted that the PAH
were almost all found in the sorbent trap, which indicated that they were in vapor form or were
particles less than 0.3 microns. Consequently, the concerns expressed about the PM do not
5-18
-------
TABLE 5-14. RESULTS OF QUENCH TOWER EMISSION TESTS AND WATER ANALYSES5
Pollutant
7 PAH
16 PAH
Total PAH
Quench tower emissions (g/Mg coal)a
Clean water
Non-green
pushes
0.11
0.29
0.42
Green
pushes
0.22
0.68
1.17
Dirty water
Non-green
pushes
3.6
27
32.1
Quench water analyses (g/Mg coal)
Clean water
Supply
0.052
0.057
0.081
Nozzle"
0.011
0.029
0.033
Dirty water
Flushing
liquor
3.2
12.3
16.6
Nozzle"
1.2
4.2
6.0
BaPc
PM
0.024
790
0.012
620
0.081
1,100
—
—
0.016
—
0.18
—
0.27
—
Aniline
Phenol
Toluidine
0.0008
0.4
0.0004
0.0005
0.8
—
2.8
243
1.0
—
—
—
—
—
—
1.8
1.7
1.2
0.54
1.4
0.11
Abbreviations: PAH=polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, BaP=benzo(a)pyrene, PM=particulate matter.
3 Divide by 500 (or multiply by 0.002) to convert to Ib/ton of coal.
b Water sprayed on the coke; sample taken at the nozzle
0 Results based on a special analysis with high sensitivity for BaP, a traditional indicator for coke oven emissions.
5-19
-------
apply to the organics. In summary, the test report provides the only useful information found
with which to estimate HAP emissions from quenching.
5.3.2 Extrapolation to Other Batteries
The estimates of quenching emissions are based on the EPA tests at the USS Lorain coke
plant and the results for the 16-PAHs in Table 5-14. The 16-PAH are assumed to be 8% of the
EOM based on the pushing test results for ABC Coke:
For non-green pushes and clean water:
16-PAH (Ib/ton coal) = 0.29 g/Mg x 0.002 (g/Mg to Ib/ton) = 0.00058
EOM (Ib/ton coal) = 0.00058 - 0.08 = 0.007
For green pushes and clean water:
16-PAH (Ib/ton coal) = 0.68 g/Mg x 0.002 (g/Mg to Ib/ton) = 0.0014
EOM (Ib/ton coal) = 0.0014 - 0.08 = 0.018
Factor for pushes not severely green
(Ib/ton coal)
16-PAH
0.00058
EOM
0.007
Factor for severely green pushes (Ib/ton coal)
16-PAH
0.0014
EOM
0.018
The estimates in Section 5.1 (Pushing Emissions) used values of 0.5%, 2% and 20% for
severely green pushes for Groups 1, 2, and 3. The same group assignments were used in
Table 5-15 to estimate emissions from quenching. An example calculation is given below for
ABC Coke assuming 0.5% of the pushes are severely green:
(0.007Ib/ton x 0.995+ 0.018 Ib/ton x 0.005) x 1,160,000 tpyx 1 ton/2,000 Ib = 4.1 tpy.
[99.5% not severely green][0.5% severely green][coal usage] [Ibs to tons]
5-20
-------
TABLE 5-15. ESTIMATES OF EXTRACTABLE ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM
QUENCHING
No.
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
25
26
27
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
National Steel, Granite City, IL
New Boston, Portsmouth, OH
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
(1,2,3,7,8,9,13,14,15,6)
USS, Clairton, PA (19&20)
USS, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Coke
(tpy)
803,369
513,568
1,013,992
428,300
1,845,810
795,412
687,664
151,520
152,759
746,862
545,550
375,554
631,530
573,642
981,608
592,580
340,500
371,844
464,306
218,701
3,900,000
1,100,000
1,813,483
1,346,176
Coal
(tpy)*
1,164,303
744,301
1,469,554
620,725
2,675,087
1,152,771
996,614
219,594
221,390
1,082,409
790,652
544,281
915,261
831,365
1,422,620
858,812
493,478
538,904
672,907
316,958
5,652,174
1,594,203
2,628,236
1,950,980
Percent
Severely
Green
0.5
0.5
2
2
0.5
2
2
20
2
2
20
2
0.5
0.5
0.5
2
2
2
2
2
0.5
2
2
2
Ib/ton
7.06e-3
7.06e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
7.06e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
9.2e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
9.2e-3
7.22e-3
7.06e-3
7.06e-3
7.06e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
7.06e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
7.22e-3
TOTALS
EXTRACTABLE
ORGANICS (tpy)
BASELINE
4.1
2.6
5.3
2.2
9.4
4.2
3.6
1.0
0.8
3.9
3.6
2.0
3.2
2.9
5.0
3.1
1.8
1.9
2.4
1.1
20.0
5.8
9.5
7.0
106.6
After MACT
4.1
2.6
5.2
2.2
9.4
4.1
3.5
0.8
0.8
3.8
2.8
1.9
3.2
2.9
5.0
3.0
1.7
1.9
2.4
1.1
20.0
5.6
9.3
6.9
104.3
* Estimate based on a typical yield of 0.69 ton of coke per ton of coal.
5-21
-------
5.4 OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
The bulk of this chapter focuses on emissions and reductions associated with coke oven
emissions with methylene chloride extractables as a surrogate measure. The extractable organics
represent organic PM, and VOC are not included in the extractable organics. Although no data
are available to quantify these volatiles, benzene, toluene, xylene and other hazardous volatile
organics are known to be present in coke oven emissions. MACT will reduce emissions of these
volatile HAP as well as the extractables (POM and PAH). MACT will also achieve reductions in
total PM.
For battery stacks, MACT is achieved through pollution prevention techniques such as
sealing cracks in oven walls, repairing damaged ovens, and other work practices that reduce the
amount of coke oven gas leaking through the walls. Similarly, MACT for pushing focuses on
preventing green pushes, and if they occur, taking corrective actions to prevent their
reoccurrence. Consequently, these pollution prevention measures do not result in any significant
secondary impacts, such as the generation of solid waste, wastewater, or increased usage of
energy.
5.5 REFERENCES
1. Report, Emissions Testing of Combustion Stack and Pushing Operations at Coke Battery
No. 2 at Bethlehem Steel Corporation's Burns Harbor Division in Chesterton, Indiana,
EPA-454/R-99-001a, February 1999.
2. Report, Emissions Testing of Combustion Stack and Pushing Operations at Coke Battery
No. 5/6 at ABC Coke in Birmingham, Alabama,, EPA-454/R-99-002a, February 1999.
3. Report, Study on Benefits of Continuous Opacity Monitors Applied to Portland Cement
Kilns— Chapter 3: Relationships Between Opacity and Concentration of Particulate
Emissions, EPA, May 15, 1991.
4. Report, Investigation of Opacity and Particulate Mass Concentrations from Hot Metal
Operations, prepared by David Ensor for EPA, September 1981.
5. Report, Coke Quench Tower Emission Testing Program, EPA-600/2-79-082, April 1979.
5-22
-------
6. COSTS
6.1 APPROACH
The costs for individual batteries to achieve the MACT level of control will vary
depending on the battery condition and control equipment in place. There is uncertainty in
determining exactly what costs will be incurred by each battery. Consequently, several model
batteries were developed to represent the range of battery types and conditions to place bounds
on the probable costs. The emission control programs and equipment in place at the best
controlled batteries were investigated, and the associated costs were obtained. The costs were
then applied to the model batteries to estimate the cost that would be incurred to improve
performance to the MACT level. A model battery was assigned to each actual battery based on
available emissions data, knowledge of battery condition, and engineering judgement. Errors in
underestimating and overestimating costs for individual batteries will tend to cancel when
summing these costs to estimate total nationwide costs.
6.2 COSTS FOR MACT PERFORMANCE
MACT involves a routine program of systematic operation and maintenance and oven
repairs to control emissions from battery stacks and pushing. An important element of this
routine program for battery stacks is the use of COMS. In addition, control of quenching
emissions will require the installation of baffles in three quench towers that do not have them.
Several plants were surveyed to obtain cost information on the technologies described in
Chapter 3. Basic oven repairs include spray patching, ceramic welding, mobile gunning, silica
dusting, end flue repairs, and through wall brickwork. Oven repair (i.e., spray patching, ceramic
welding, mobile gunning, silica dusting, end flue repairs, and through wall brickwork) costs are
summarized in Tables 6-1 through 6-4. An annual baseline program of oven repairs was
developed from the frequency of oven repairs at USS Clairton Works and includes spray
patching, end flue repairs, and through wall repairs (see Section 6.4.1). Table 6-5 provides costs
6-1
-------
TABLE 6-1. SPRAY PATCHING (INCLUDING CERAMIC WELDING AND MOBILE
GUNNING)
Plant
ABC Coke1
AK Steel2
Geneva Steel3' 3
USSClairton3'4
Geneva Steelb' 3
USSClairtonb'4
ABC Cokec' '
Geneva Steel0' 3
USSClairton0'4
No. of
ovens per
year
—
1,752
103
14,184
151
275
—
36
252
Average annual
labor costs over
last 5 years
170,000
178,000
5,970
1,270,000
13,100
192,000
126,000
1,570,000
207,000
Average
annual
materials
costs over
last 5 years
16,000
145,000
4,240
115,000
10,300
13,400
80,300
2,280,000
264,000
Average
total cost
per year
186,000
323,000
10,200
1,380,000
23,400
205,000
206,000
3,900,000
471,000
Average
total cost
per oven
—
184
99
97
155
745
—
107,000
1,870
a reported costs for spray patching
b reported costs for mobile gunning
0 reported costs for ceramic welding
TABLE 6-2. SILICA DUSTING
Plant
ABC Coke1
USS Clairton4
No. of
ovens
per
year
—
410
Average
annual labor
costs over
last 5 years
170,000
42,000
Average annual
materials costs
over last 5
years
23,900
42,500
Average
total cost
per year
194,000
84,500
Average
total cost
per oven
—
206
6-2
-------
TABLE 6-3. END FLUE REPAIRS
Plant
ABC Coke1
USS Clairton4
Brief description
Average 5-6 repairs per year.
Average 8 repairs per year.
Average annual
costs over last 5
years
926,000
217,000
Average cost per
repair
168,000
27,000
TABLE 6-4. THROUGH-WALL BRICKWORK
Plant
ABC Coke1
Citizen's Gas,
Indianapolis5
USS Clairton4
USS Gary4
Brief description
Average 0.8 walls per year
Average 4 ovens replaced per
year.
Average 2.2 walls per year
Average 10.2 walls per year
Average annual
cost over last 5
years
379,000
4,050,000a
3,840,000
11,700,000
Average cost per
wall
474,000
1,010,000
1,750,000
1,150,000
aAverage over last 2 years.
TABLE 6-5. CONTINUOUS OPACITY MONITORS
Plant
Citizen's
Gas5
USS
Clairton4
Brief description
Purchase and installation of
COM on Battery 1.
Average cost of COM
installation and maintenance
for all 12 batteries (3
generations; total was
divided by 3).
Total
capital
costs
26,900
573,000
Capital
cost per
stack
26,900
47,800
Total
annual
operating
costs
13,300
31,000
Annual
operating
cost per
stack
13,300
2,580
6-3
-------
TABLE 6-6. BAFFLE INSTALLATION
Plant
Indiana Harbor
Coke6
Acme Steel,
Chicago7
Brief description
60' wood quench tower and
double-row baffles serving
Batteries A, B, C, and D.
"A" frame wood baffle system
with water spray system.
Total capital
costs
1,060,000
139,000
Cost per battery
265,000
69,300
of COMs, and Table 6-6 summarizes the costs of installing baffles. All costs have been indexed
to 1998 dollars.
Another element of the cost of MACT is monitoring, which includes the observation of
four pushes per battery per day and bag leak detection systems for batteries that control pushing
emissions with baghouses. The average time to observe four pushes is estimated to be about one
hour, allowing for some delays and time for the observer to get into position. (For batteries
operated as three in a battery unit, the time may be as short as 15 to 20 minutes, and for some
foundry batteries, the observation time may be 1.5 hours or more.) Two hours per plant are
allowed for observer travel time and data reduction. For a typical inspection labor charge of
$30/hour, the inspection cost per plant per year would be:
$/yr = 365 days/yr * $30/hr * [1 hr/battery * number of batteries + 2 hr/plant * 1 plant] =
$11,000 * number of batteries + $22,000
The installed capital cost for bag leak detectors provided by vendors is $9,000 per
baghouse. Annual operation and maintenance costs are estimated to be $500/yr per detector.
6.3 COSTS FOR MODEL BATTERIES
The model batteries are described in Table 6-7. Two groups are defined: one to represent
foundry coke by-product batteries and one to represent furnace coke by-product batteries. These
groups are further subdivided into models that represent different battery conditions that affect
emissions and the cost to improve emission control. For example, Group A represents batteries
that already achieve the MACT level of control and will not incur significant additional
6-4
-------
expenses. Group B represents batteries that must implement a baseline program similar to that at
the MACT batteries, but will not incur significant capital investment. Group C represents
batteries that will incur capital expenses to repair and upgrade oven walls and end flues, and in
addition, must implement a baseline program of continuing diagnostics and repair. The Group E
batteries in the furnace coke group represent the newer 6-meter batteries that are generally in a
state of good repair. The cost elements associated with the model batteries are given below:
1. Model Battery Groups A and D - MACT batteries: no significant additional
repair costs.
2. Model Battery Group B - Must implement a baseline program like the one at USS
Clairton.
3. Model Battery Group C - Must implement a baseline program like the one at USS
Clairton plus additional one time repairs and rebuilds to put them on par with the
Group B batteries: assume spray patching of 50% of the ovens, 2 through-wall
repairs, and 10 end flue repairs per battery. These repairs will be treated as a
capital cost.
4. Monitoring - all groups: cost of COM for those batteries that do not have one and
cost of observing 4 pushes per day for those not already doing it; bag leak
detection system for plants with baghouses. These cost will be assigned on a
battery specific basis.
5. Quenching - apply the cost of baffles to those plants that do not have them. These
costs will also be assigned on a battery specific basis.
6.4 DEVELOPMENT OF COSTS FOR THE MODEL BATTERIES
The USS Clairton Works is used as the baseline for oven maintenance to prevent green
pushes and to control battery stack emissions because most of these batteries represent the
MACT level of control. They provided detailed cost information on their oven maintenance and
repair program in the cost survey. The costs below are based on the 812 ovens in the 12 batteries
at USS Clairton Works.
6-5
-------
TABLE 6-7. MODEL BATTERIES
Battery Condition
No. of ovens
Height (m)
Coking Time (hrs)
Coke Production
(tpy)
Foundry By-Product Recovery Batteries (12
batteries at 6 plants)
1A
No significant
costs for
pushing or
stacks
IB
Will require
baseline repair
program.
41
4
27
89,000
1C
Will require
baseline repair
program plus:
2 through-
walls, 10 end
flues, spray
patching on
50% of ovens.
65
4
24
327,000
Furnace By-Product Recovery Batteries (46 batteries at 17
plants)
2A
No significant
costs for
pushing or
stacks
2B
Will require
baseline repair
program.
63
4
19
320,000
2C
Will require
baseline repair
program plus:
2 through-
walls, 10 end
flues, spray
patching on
50% of ovens.
40
4
28
101,000
2D
No additional
costs for
pushing or
stacks
77
6
18
830,000
6-6
-------
The total cost per year of a baseline oven maintenance and repair program is $6,100/yr
per oven based on the following cost information:
a. Routine repair procedures including spray patching, silica dusting, mobile
gunning, ceramic welding, and repairing or replacing burners and nozzles:
Labor $2,200,000/yr
Material $600,000/yr
Total $2,800,000/yr for 812 ovens = $3,400/yr per oven
b. End flue repairs - 8 end flues per year for 12 batteries
Labor $10,000/yr
Material $207,000/yr
Total $217,000/yr for 812 ovens = $270/oven
c. Through-wall repair - 2.2/yr
Labor $73,000/yr
Material $l,900,000/yr
Total $l,973,000/yr for 812 ovens = $2,400/oven
Initial repairs to upgrade Group C include spray patching, through-wall repairs, and end
flue repairs:
a. Spray patching (average of cost data for spray patching, mobile gunning, and
ceramic welding) = $525/oven
b. Through-wall repair (cost survey average) = $1,100,000 per through wall
c. End flue repair (USS Clairton cost data) = $27,000/flue
The costs for baffles, pushing emission controls and monitoring will be applied on a
battery-specific basis because the status of each battery is known with respect to these items.
a. Baffles with water spray cleaning system (Acme Steel cost data): capital cost:
$140,000
6-7
-------
b. COMS (average from USS Clairton and Citizen's Gas cost data):
capital cost = $37,000 and operating cost = $8,000/yr
c. Bag leak detection system: capital cost = $9,000 and operating cost = $500/yr
d. Monitor four pushes per battery per day = $11,000 * number of batteries +
$22,000
Model battery costs are summarized in Table 6-8. For the Model A batteries (batteries
that can already achieve the MACT level of control), the lower end of the range (no additional
costs) represents those batteries that already have COMS and pushing emission observers, and
the upper end of the range represents batteries that must install COMS and hire pushing emission
observers. The Model B batteries' costs include the cost of monitoring plus the implementation
of a baseline program. The Model C batteries' costs are based on a capital expenditure to rebuild
or upgrade ovens, plus the costs of monitoring and the baseline program. The Model D furnace
coke batteries have the same cost elements for monitoring as the Model A group.
6.5 ESTIMATES OF NATIONWIDE COSTS
Nationwide costs are estimated based on assigning model batteries to each actual battery
and then applying the model battery costs (adjusted for the number of ovens in each actual
battery). For example, batteries that have already achieved the MACT control level are in
Groups A and D, and these batteries will incur no additional control costs. However, some of
these batteries will incur monitoring costs if they do not already have a COMS or if they are not
observing four pushes per day. The Group B batteries will incur costs to implement the baseline
program (at $6,100/oven per year). Group C batteries will incur the capital cost of through wall
repairs, end flue repairs, and spray patching [at $2,500,000 + $525 * (50% of the ovens)] plus the
cost of the baseline program. All batteries without baffles in their quench tower are assumed to
install new baffles.
The costs of COMS are applied to each stack that currently does not have one. In
addition, bag leak detectors are assumed to be installed for each baghouse. In cases where a
single baghouse serves multiple batteries, the cost of the bag leak detection system ($9,000) is
distributed among the batteries.
6-8
-------
The nationwide capital costs are given in Table 6-9, and the nationwide annual costs are
given in Table 6-10. Capital costs are estimated at $12 million and total annualized costs at
$14 million per year.
TABLE 6-8. COSTS ESTIMATES FOR THE MODEL BATTERIES
Foundry coke
model battery
Ab
B
C
Costs (thousands of 1998 dollars)
Capital
Oto46
46
2,550
Annual operating
Oto42
317
317
Total annual"
Oto48
323
558
Furnace coke model
battery
Ab
B
C
Db
Costs (thousands of 1998 dollars)
Capital
Oto46
46
2,550
Oto46
Annual operating
Oto42
442
442
Oto42
Total annual"
Oto48
448
683
Oto48
alncludes capital recovery based on a 10-yr life and 7% interest for monitoring equipment and a
20-yr life and 7% interest for pushing controls and baffles.
bThe range includes those who already perform monitoring and those who do not.
6-9
-------
TABLE 6-9. ESTIMATES OF NATIONWIDE CAPITAL COSTS
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Koppers, Monessen, PA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
Battery
1A
5/6
1
2
3
4
W
1
2
7
8
1
E
H
1/2
A
B
1
2
3
4
2
3
IB
2
2
4
Model
1A
1A
2A
2A
2B
2B
2A
2D
2D
2B
2B
IB
IB
IB
1C
IB
IB
2B
2B
2B
2B
2C
2C
IB
IB
2D
2A
CAPITAL COST ($1,000)
Oven
rebuild
2,516
2,517
2,517
COM
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
37
18.5
18.5
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
0
37
Bag leak
detector
9
9
0
0
4.5
4.5
9
0
9
4.5
4.5
3.0
3.0
3.0
0
0
0
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
0
0
4.5
4.5
9
0
Baffles
70
70
Push
control
10,000
5,000
5,000
Total
46
46
37
37
42
42
46
-
9
5
5
3
3
3
2,553
89
89
42
42
42
42
2,554
2,554
42
42
9
37
6-10
-------
TABLE 6-9. ESTIMATES OF NATIONWIDE CAPITAL COSTS (continued)
Plant
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
National Steel, Granite City, IL
National Steel, Granite City, IL
New Boston, Portsmouth, OH
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Battery
5
A
B
2
1
3
4
5
2
1
2
3
7
8
9
13
14
15
19
20
B
2
o
J
5
1
Model
2D
2B
2B
2C
2A
IB
IB
IB
1C
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2B
2B
2D
2D
2D
2B
2B
CAPITAL COST ($1,000)
Oven
rebuild
2,516
COM
0
37
0
37
0
18.5
18.5
37
37
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bag leak
detector
9
0
0
0
9
3.0
3.0
3.0
0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
4.5
4.5
9
0
0
4.5
4.5
Baffles
280
Push
control
10,000
Total
9
37
-
37
9
21
21
40
2,833
o
J
o
J
o
J
o
J
o
J
o
J
o
J
o
J
o
J
5
5
9
-
-
5
5
6-11
-------
TABLE 6-9. ESTIMATES OF NATIONWIDE CAPITAL COSTS (continued)
Plant
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Battery
1
2
3
8
Model
2B
2B
2B
2D
TOTALS
CAPITAL COST ($1,000)
Oven
rebuild
10,066
COM
37
37
37
37
999
Bag leak
detector
3.0
3.0
3.0
0
188
Baffles
420
Push
control
30,000
Total
40
40
40
37
11,673
6-12
-------
TABLE 6-10. ESTIMATES OF NATIONWIDE ANNUAL COSTS
Plant
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Empire Coke, Holt, AL
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Gulf States Steel, Gadsden, AL
Koppers, Monessen, PA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
National Steel, Granite City, IL
Battery
1A
5/6
1
2
3
4
W
1
2
7
8
1
E
H
1/2
A
B
1
2
o
J
4
2
o
J
IB
2
2
4
5
A
Model
1A
1A
2A
2A
2B
2B
2A
2D
2D
2B
2B
IB
IB
IB
1C
IB
IB
2B
2B
2B
2B
2C
2C
IB
IB
2D
2A
2D
2B
OPERATING COST ($l,000/yr)
Baseline
Program
464
427
464
464
439
287
250
366
140
214
384
384
384
384
397
397
226
116
275
VE
observer
22
22
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
18
18
18
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
22
22
33
COM
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
0
8
0
8
Bag
leak
0.5
0.5
0
0
0.25
0.25
0.5
0
0.5
0.25
0.25
0.165
0.165
0.165
0
0
0
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0
0
0.25
0.25
0.5
0
0.5
0
Pushing
control
800
400
400
Total
31
31
41
41
505
468
42
33
34
497
497
458
305
269
407
177
251
426
426
426
426
438
438
256
146
1
8
1
316
Total annual
($l,000/yr)
37
37
46
46
511
474
48
33
35
497
497
458
306
269
649
187
260
431
431
431
431
679
679
262
152
2
13
2
321
6-13
-------
TABLE 6-10. ESTIMATES OF NATIONWIDE ANNUAL COSTS (continued)
Plant
National Steel, Granite City, IL
New Boston, Portsmouth, OH
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda, Buffalo, NY
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Battery
B
2
1
3
4
5
2
1
2
3
7
8
9
13
14
15
19
20
B
2
3
5
7
1
2
Model
2B
2C
2A
IB
IB
IB
1C
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2B
2B
2D
2D
2D
2B
2B
2B
2B
OPERATING COST ($l,000/yr)
Baseline
Program
275
427
183
183
366
366
531
531
470
470
287
287
VE
observer
o o
JJ
33
33
18
18
18
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
COM
0
8
0
4
4
8
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
8
Bag
leak
0
0
0.5
0.165
0.165
0.165
0
0.165
0.165
0.165
0.165
0.165
0.165
0.165
0.165
0.165
0.25
0.25
0.5
0
0
0.25
0.25
0.165
0.165
Pushing
control
800
Total
308
468
34
205
205
392
407
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
564
564
34
33
33
503
503
328
328
Total annual
($l,000/yr)
308
473
35
209
209
398
675
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
565
565
35
33
33
504
504
334
334
6-14
-------
TABLE 6-10. ESTIMATES OF NATIONWIDE ANNUAL COSTS (continued)
Plant
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
Wheeling-Pitt, East Steubenville, WV
TOTALS
Battery
3
8
Model
2B
2D
OPERATING COST ($l,000/yr)
Baseline
Program
311
11,145
VE
observer
33
33
1,617
COM
8
8
216
Bag
leak
0.165
0
10
Pushing
control
2,400
Total
352
41
12,988
Total annual
($l,000/yr)
358
46
14,142
6-15
-------
6.6 REFERENCES
1. W. Poling, Cost Survey Response for ABC Coke, May 28, 1999.
2. S. Felton, Cost Survey Response for AK Steel, May 10, 1999,
R. Christensen, Cost Survey Response for Geneva Steel, May 18, 1999.
4. C. Davis, Cost Survey Response for U.S. Steel Clairton Works and Gary Coke, May 24,
1999.
5. W. Kohlmann, Cost Survey Response for Citizen's Gas, June 1999.
6. G. Bradley, Cost Survey Response for Indiana Harbor Coke, June 4, 1999.
7. D. Holmberg, Cost Survey Response for Acme Steel, June 1, 1999.
6-16
-------
APPENDIX A. DOCUMENTATION FOR THE MACT FLOOR
This appendix documents the data analyses that were used to develop the MACT floor for
pushing, soaking, quenching, and battery stacks. The proposal preamble provides details on the
rationale for selection of the floor and MACT, and all data summarized in the preamble are
presented in detail in this appendix. Appendices B and C provide a more detailed listing of the
data.
A.1 PUSHING: BY-PRODUCT BATTERIES WITH VERTICAL FLUES
As discussed in the proposal preamble, separate analyses were performed for by-product
batteries with vertical flues, by-product batteries with horizontal flues, and non-recovery batteries
because of differences in operation, control techniques, and emissions. Additional details on
these differences are provided in the process description in Section 2.2.
A.1.1 Description of Control Technology
Coke oven emissions occur during pushing from incomplete coking, which results in a
"green" push. Green pushes can be caused by overcharging an oven, cold flues due to plugging
or poor combustion, non-uniform heating, and cold spots on the ends of ovens. Emissions from
green pushes range from moderate (relatively small amounts of green coke) to severe (large
amounts of green coke). Severely green pushes generate voluminous plumes of emissions that
can overwhelm the capture systems which are used to control the comparatively small amounts
of PM emissions during ordinary operation. The most effective control measures are to:
(1) minimize the frequency of green pushes by implementing a preventative maintenance
program for the battery and (2) implement work practices that include diagnostic procedures to
identify the cause of green pushes and which trigger corrective actions to prevent recurrence.
Batteries that have implemented these procedures on a continuing basis have few green pushes,
and thus substantially lower levels of HAP emissions.
Details on the technology used to minimize the frequency of green pushes were collected
from site visits,1'2'3'4 discussions with industry experts,5'6 and a survey of industry practices.7
There are two important components of the technology — routine operation and maintenance for
the battery and a work practice program for green pushes. A good operation and maintenance
-------
program includes several elements that help prevent green pushes. These include checking coal
properties (bulk density and moisture) to prevent overcharging an oven or undercoking wet coal,
checking flue temperatures and cleaning flues and burners to avoid cold flues, documenting
coking time and following the pushing schedule to avoid pushing an oven early, and operating
the underfiring system properly to ensure complete coking. When a green push occurs, diligent
work practices are initiated to identify the cause of the green push and to take corrective actions
to fix the problem. Corrective actions may include cleaning blocked flues or burners, placing an
oven on an extended coking time, or repairing a damaged oven.
A.1.2 Pushing Data
Opacity data for fugitive emissions from pushing were obtained from 15 well-controlled
batteries at eight coke plants to characterize the control level achievable by the 56 batteries with
vertical flues. These batteries include six at USX Clairton Works (Clairton, PA), two at
Bethlehem Steel (Burns Harbor, IN), two at Acme Steel (Chicago, IL), one at AK Steel
(Middletown, OH), one at National Steel (Ecorse, MI), one at New Boston Coke (New Boston,
OH), and two at LTV Steel (Warren, OH and Chicago, IL). An important part of the data
collection effort was to use a consistent methodology for the opacity observations to compile all
of the data on a uniform basis. The data were collected using EPA Method 9 and analyzed based
on the six highest consecutive 15-second readings per push. Observations were made from the
time coke began to fall from the oven until the quench car entered the quench tower.
The batteries are representative of the industry because they have different combinations
of oven height and type of underfiring systems. Eight are four-meter gun flue batteries, three are
four-meter underjet batteries, and four are six-meter underjet batteries. The number of pushes
observed for each battery ranges from 45 to 1,539 with a total of 3,630 data points. (A complete
listing of the data is provided in Appendix B.)
Table A-l provides a summary of the distribution of opacity for these batteries. The low
frequency of high opacity pushes shows that this group of batteries represents good performance
in terms of minimizing green pushes. For example, the average opacity per push never exceeds
A-2
-------
30% for nine of the short batteries, and the other two short batteries exceed 30% only once. Two
of the tall batteries never exceed 35%, and the other two exceed it only once.
In general, the opacities during pushing for tall batteries are higher than those for short
batteries as shown by the results for Bethlehem Steel (Burns Harbor, IN) and LTV Steel
(Chicago, IL) in Table A-l. This is probably due to the longer flame height needed in tall
batteries that makes uniform heating more difficult. In addition, the greater height of fall of the
coke from a tall oven can result in more visible emissions.
The batteries at Acme Steel and AK Steel are 4-meter underjet batteries, and the other 4-
meter batteries in Table A-l are gun flue batteries. Batteries with both types of underfiring
systems perform equally well in minimizing the frequency of green pushes. Consequently, it was
not necessary to differentiate between the two types of underfiring systems in the data analysis.
The pushing data were analyzed to evaluate two formats, the average opacity of four
pushes and a trigger based on the average opacity per push.
Average of 4 Pushes The data were analyzed based on a format using the average
opacity of four consecutive pushes (based on the six highest consecutive 15-second observations
during each push) using EPA Method 9. This format can accommodate an occasional
(unavoidable) green push if the other pushes are well controlled, and it is consistent with the 6-
minute average (24 observations) typically used for Method 9.
The results based on the average opacity of four pushes are presented in Table A-2 for
short (4-meter) batteries and Table A-3 for tall (6-meter) batteries. The results are summarized
in terms of the highest values (upper percentiles) observed for the average of four pushes. For
example, the 100th percentile represents the highest value in the set of data for a given battery.
Other percentiles were calculated by interpolation after all observations were ranked from highest
to lowest. Using the results for LTV-Warren as an example, no four-push average exceeded 20%
opacity, and 99% were less than 16%. For short batteries, more than 99% of the averages of four
pushes are less than 20% opacity. For tall batteries, more than 99% of the averages of four
pushes are less than 25%.
A-3
-------
TABLE A-l. DISTRIBUTION OF NUMBER OF PUSHES - ALL DATA
4-meter
batteries:
Acme 1 & 28
AK Steel (OH)9' 14
LTV-Warren10
New Boston11'12
USX 7, 8, 9*13
USX13,14,1513
6-meter
batteries:
Bethlehem 1 & 215
LTV-Chicago16
National (MI)17
NUMBER OF PUSHES IN INDICATED OPACITY RANGE
<20%
377
36
1,147
211
46
44
^20%
10
9
9
0
3(2)
3
^25%
0
3
2
0
2(1)
2
^30%
0
0
1
0
1(0)
0
^35%
0
0
0
0
1(0)
0
^40%
0
0
0
0
1(0)
0
^50%
0
0
0
0
1(0)
0
NUMBER OF PUSHES IN INDICATED OPACITY RANGE
<20%
72
1,518
102
^20%
23
21
0
^25%
6
12
0
^30%
3
O
0
^35%
1
1
0
^40%
1
0
0
^50%
0
0
0
Total
387
45
1,156
211
49 (48)
47
95
1,539
102
* The opacities in parentheses are the results after deleting the highest single reading (50% for Battery 9), which is an outlier based on
Dixon's extreme value test.
A-4
-------
TABLE A-2. SUMMARY OF PUSHING OPACITY DATA FOR 4-METER BATTERIES
Parameter
Dates
Number of pushes
Percentiles for the average
of 4 pushes
- • <.• -^ „<• .•&• ,<• .*• ,.<• .*• ,<• .*• ,-• .•&• ,<• .*• ,.<• .*• ,<• .*• „<• .•&• ,<• .*• ,.<• .*• ,<• .*• ,-•
Parameter
Dates
Number of pushes
Percentiles for the average
of 4 pushes
100
99.7
99
95
90
^/»:/i^/»
100
99.7
99
95
90
USS Clairton
Batteries
7, 8, & 9
(4-m
Gun Flue)*13
4/20/99 to
4/22/99
49 (48)
21(14)
21(14)
19(13)
13(12)
12(12)
/.-£*•' ,x.-s*V'--s*' .•••"••*•' ./••£*•' X. iS-V .«*•' ..-•'.«*•' ./.«*' .•••"
Acme Steel
Batteries
1&2
(4-m
Underjet)8
3/8/99 to
3/21/99
387
19
18
17
15
14
USS Clairton
Batteries
13, 14, & 15
(4-m
Gun Flue)13
4/20/99 to
4/22/99
47
16
16
15
14
12
*V'--S*' .•••"••*•' ./••£*•' ,X.-S*V'--S*' ..-•'.«*•' ./••£*•' ,X.-S*V'--S*
AK Steel,
Middletown
Battery 3
(4-m
Underjet)9'14
3/8/99 to
3/11/99
45
20
20
20
20
19
LTV, Warren
Battery 4
(4-m
Gun Flue)10
10/1/98 to
10/31/99
1,156
20
18
16
14
13
X.iS-' ./,£*•' ,X.-S*V'--S*' .•••"••*•' ./••£*•' ,X.-S*V'--S*' ..-•'.«*•' ./•*
New Boston
Battery 2
(4-m
Gun Flue)11'12
1/11/99-1/13/99
and 7/27/99 -
10/29/99
211
15
15
15
14
14
,-.»•.,-.»• ,-.»• ,-.»• ,-.»•.,-.»• ,-.»• ,-.»• ,
* The opacities in parentheses are the results after deleting the highest single reading (50% for
Battery 9), which is an outlier based on Dixon's extreme value test.
A-5
-------
TABLE A-3. SUMMARY OF PUSHING OPACITY DATA FOR 6-METER BATTERIES
Parameter
Dates
Number of pushes
Percentiles for the
average of 4 pushes
100
99.7
99
95
90
National Ecorse
Battery 5
(6-m Underjet)17
6/8/99 to 12/1/99
102
9
9
8
4
3
LTV Chicago
Battery 2
(6-m Underjet)16
1/1/98 to 10/29/99
1,539
22
21
18
15
13
Bethlehem Steel
Batteries 1 & 2
(6-m Underjet)15
4/6/99 to 4/1 5/99
95
26
26
24
23
21
Trigger Format. Another format used in the data analysis is based on an opacity level
per push that triggers diagnostic procedures and corrective actions when exceeded. The average
opacity per push was used in the data analysis rather than averaging over multiple pushes because
the goal is to identify a problem oven that produces a green push. Once a problem oven is
identified, diagnostic procedures to determine the cause are initiated and corrective actions are
taken to fix the problem with that oven.
The data analysis considered potential trigger levels of 20, 25, 30, and 35%. The batteries
that are well-controlled have several pushes that exceed 20 and 25%, and these opacities do not
represent a green push. However, opacities of 30 and 35% occur when there are high individual
opacity readings characteristic of green coke. In addition, these opacities are seldom exceeded by
well-controlled batteries. As shown in Table A-l, nine of the short batteries do not exceed 30%
opacity, and the other two exceed 30% only once. Similarly, two of the four tall batteries do not
exceed 35% opacity, while the other two exceed 35% once.
A-6
-------
A.2 PUSHING: BY-PRODUCT BATTERIES WITH HORIZONTAL FLUES
The vast majority of by-product batteries in the U.S. have vertical flues (56 out of 58
batteries). Two batteries at Empire Coke in Holt, AL, however, have horizontal flues. Both are
Semet Solvay batteries which is an antiquated design built in the early 1900s. Battery 1 was built
in 1903 and is comprised of 40 ovens, and Battery 2 was built in 1913 and has 20 ovens.
Unlike vertical flue batteries which include 25 to 37 individual flues along each oven
wall, the flue system of the Semet Solvay design includes only five horizontal flues which
convey the combustion gases from top to bottom in serpentine fashion. Because the hot
combustion products flow from one flue to the next, the heat control of each upper flue
materially affects the heating conditions in the next flue down. Each flue in the horizontal design
affects a larger percentage of the total coke mass than for the vertical flue design.
As with other types of coke oven batteries, the primary source of HAP emissions from
batteries with horizontal flues is the occurrence of green pushes. To evaluate control techniques
for batteries with horizontal flues, EPA visited the plant18 and held discussions with plant
personnel to learn more about their operation and how the production of green coke could be
minimized.20'21'22'23 Both existing batteries currently use a combination of coking time and flue
temperature controls and routine operation and maintenance to control HAP emissions. The
most important factor affecting the production of green coke is a combination of coking time and
flue temperature. If the flue temperature is too low at a given coking time, green coke will be
produced. Consequently, monitoring flue temperatures and coking time and taking corrective
actions if the temperature is too low minimize the frequency of green pushes for batteries with
horizontal flues. Temperature measurements are made in all flues prior to the push, and if a low
temperature is detected, the coking time is extended to prevent a green push. In addition, routine
operation and maintenance procedures for the battery are also important to prevent green pushes.
Routine operation and maintenance include monitoring underfiring gas parameters and adjusting
as necessary; implementing procedures to avoid pushing out of sequence, pushing prematurely,
or overcharging an oven; and routine inspection of flues, burners, and nozzles.
A-7
-------
A.3 PUSHING: NON-RECOVERY BATTERIES
Non-recovery coke oven batteries differ from by-product coke oven batteries both
physically and operationally. Physically, the ovens that comprise non-recovery batteries are
horizontal in configuration (short and wide) unlike the vertically configured slot ovens (tall and
narrow) used in the by-product recovery design. In addition, non-recovery batteries have no
underfiring systems and do not burn clean coke oven gas for heating. Rather, non-recovery
batteries are heated by the complete combustion of the raw gases evolved during the coking
process in the free space above the coke bed and in flues in the oven walls and floors. The
principal difference operationally is that the non-recovery batteries are maintained at all times
under negative pressure rather than positive pressure. This results in the virtual elimination of
door leaks and, relative to limiting pushing emissions, allows for the visual inspection of the
coke mass throughout the coking cycle including just prior to pushing. If the coal is not fully
coked, the coking time can be extended to avoid a green push. In addition, PM emissions are
lower from non-recovery ovens because the height of fall of the coke mass is about 50% less than
that of by-product ovens.
There are two non-recovery coke plants in the U.S., Jewell Coke and Coal in Vansant,
VA with six batteries and Indiana Harbor Coke in East Chicago, IN with four batteries. Both
plants have cokeside sheds. At the Vansant plant, the sheds act as large settling chambers with
no ventilation. The four East Chicago batteries are equipped with sheds that are ventilated along
the entire length of the battery to baghouses for paniculate control.
EPA held discussions with plant representatives to gather information on the technology
used to prevent green pushes.24'25'26 Prior to each push, a small door (oven damper) on the oven
is opened, and the bed of coke is observed to determine whether it is fully coked. This is
possible because the oven configuration provides an unobstructed view of the free space across
the entire length of the coke bed. If the oven is not fully coked (as indicated by smoke or an
obstructed view of the opposite side of the oven), the coking time is extended, and the oven is
not pushed until coking is reasonably complete. This pollution prevention control measure
provides the most effective demonstrated approach to reducing, if not virtually eliminating green
pushes.
A-8
-------
A.4 CAPTURE AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT FOR PUSHING
In addition to good operating and maintenance practices to prevent green pushes, most
batteries are equipped with capture and control systems for routine PM emissions from pushing.
As shown in Table A-4, there are 30 control devices applied to pushing emissions at 56 coke
oven batteries, and there are three combinations of capture and control systems used. The most
common capture system is a moveable hood. There are 19 moveable hood systems. Sixteen
moveable hood systems serving 30 batteries are vented to a baghouse, and three systems serving
four batteries are vented to a venturi scrubber. There are 15 batteries equipped with cokeside
sheds that enclose the entire length of the battery and are served by six baghouses. There are six
batteries equipped with cokeside sheds that serve as settling chambers and are not ventilated.
Seven batteries are equipped with mobile scrubber cars which transport venturi scrubbers. Six
batteries do not have capture and control systems.
The design and operation of the capture and control systems must be considered in
analyzing emission control performance. Two important distinctions evident between moveable
hoods and cokeside sheds are their method of operation and ventilation rate. Sheds are ventilated
at all times while moveable hoods are ventilated only during pushes (about 2 minutes every 10 to
20 minutes). As shown in Table A-4, sheds have much higher ventilation rates (150,000 to
480,000 acfm), and they capture emissions from door leaks as well as pushing. Another
difference is that many moveable hood systems mix cooling air with the hot gases from pushing
prior to treatment in a baghouse. These differences can have a significant influence on the
selection of the format most appropriate to evaluate emission control performance.
Most moveable hood systems are subject to existing PM emission limits expressed Ib/ton
of coke pushed. This format is more appropriate than a concentration format (gr/dscf) for several
reasons. Both pounds emitted and the quantity of coke produced during a Method 5 test run can
be determined with reasonable accuracy while sampling over several pushes. These
measurements are not dependent on how long the ventilation fan is running before or after the
push or the amount of ambient air that is admitted to cool the gases prior to the baghouse. On the
other hand, concentration is not a meaningful measure of performance for this type of system
because the resulting measurement can be quite variable depending on how the system is
A-9
-------
TABLE A-4. CAPTURE AND CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PUSHING EMISSIONS7
Plant
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna, NY
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Geneva Steel, Provo, UT
Indiana Harbor, East Chicago, IN
Shenango, Pittsburgh, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
Wheeling-Pittsburgh, WV
Jewell Coke and Coal, VA
National Steel, Ecorse, MI
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
AK Steel, Ashland, KY
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Citizens Gas, Indianapolis, IN
Koppers, Monessen, PA
Sloss Industries, Birmingham, AL
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
USS, Clairton, PA
LTV Steel, Chicago, IL
USS, Gary, IN
USS, Gary, IN
Acme Steel, Chicago, IL
Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor, IN
Wheeling-Pittsburgh, WV
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
LTV Steel, Warren, OH
National Steel, Granite City, IL
USS, Gary, IN
Empire Coke, AL
Gulf States Steel, AL
New Boston Coke, OH
Tonawanda Coke, NY
Battery Type of emission
capture device
7,8
1,2
3,4
A, B, C, D
1
B
1,2,3
2D,2E,3B,
3C,3F,3G
5
1A
5,6
3,4
W
2
E,H
1
IB, 2
3,4,5
1,2,3
13,14,15
19,20
2
5,7
7
1,2
1
8
A,B
4
A,B
2,3
1,2
2,3
2
2
CSS
CSS
CSS
CSS
CSS
CSS
CSS
CSS
MH/FD
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/B
MH/FD
MH/FD
MH/FD
MH/B
MH/B
MH/FD
MSC
MSC
MSC
MSC
Type of emission
control device
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
None
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
BH
SCR
SCR
SCR
SCR
SCR
SCR
SCR
None
None
None
None
Volumetric flow rate
(acfm)
450,000
280,000
280,000
150,000
300,333
408,950
301,000
—
185,000
130,000
130,000
162,000
86,000
210,500
100,000
149,000
138,000
152,500
109,367
117,900
108,600
150,000
138,000
138,000
144,900
167,500
132,000
37,466
109,500
62,000
66,500
CSS = cokeside shed
MH/FD = moveable hood with fixed duct
MH/B = moveable hood with belt
MSC = moveable scrubber car
BH = baghouse
SCR = scrubber
A-10
-------
operated and when sampling is started and stopped. For example, if the fan runs longer or more
cooling air is admitted, the resulting concentration measurement will be lower. Consequently, a
Ib/ton format was used to evaluate the performance of moveable hood systems that ventilate only
during the push.
A concentration format was used in the data analysis for cokeside sheds because it is
more appropriate than a Ib/ton format. Since cokeside sheds ventilate continuously and capture
emissions from points other than pushing, performance is much less dependent on the quantity of
coke pushed. In this case, concentration can be determined with reasonable accuracy because the
ventilation rate is continuous and relatively constant. In addition, concentration has been used in
many State and Federal regulations because it has been shown to be one of the best measures of
control performance for a baghouse, which is the type of control device used on sheds.
Cokeside sheds with baghouses. Source test data for three of the six coke plants that
use cokeside sheds and baghouses are presented in Table A-5. The data consist of three
individual test runs per baghouse. All three baghouses are similar in design and operation (i.e.,
<-\
pulse jet units with polyester bags, operated at air-to-cloth ratios of 5 to 5.5 acfm/ft). The test
results for Indiana Harbor Coke range from 0.001 to 0.004 gr/dscf and average 0.003 gr/dscf.
The three runs conducted at Shenango, Inc. range from 0.003 to 0.004 gr/dscf and average 0.004
gr/dscf. Results for Bethlehem Steel (Lackawanna) range from 0.002 to 0.003 gr/dscf and
average 0.002 gr/dscf. The highest three run average recorded is 0.004 gr/dscf, and no individual
test run exceeded 0.004 gr/dscf.
TABLE A-5. PM TEST RESULTS FOR COKESIDE SHEDS
Plant
Indiana Harbor Coke (1998)28
Shenango (1988)29
Bethlehem Steel, Lackawanna (1997)30
PM concentration (gr/dscf)
Run 1
0.004
0.004
0.003
Run 2
0.003
0.004
0.003
Run 3
0.001
0.003
0.002
Average
0.003
0.004
0.002
A-ll
-------
Moveable Hoods with Stationary Controls The most common capture and control
system for pushing emissions is a moveable hood that is ducted to a stationary (land-based)
control device, usually a baghouse. These systems have a hood that is usually moved along the
battery by a belt system. During pushing, the moveable hood is connected to a fixed duct that
evacuates the gases to the stationary control device. Evacuation rates range from about 100,000
to 150,000 acfm. Some of these systems cool the hot gases from pushing by mixing with
ambient air prior to the baghouse.
Test data are available for control devices serving 12 of 19 moveable hood systems, 12
are baghouses and one is a land-based venturi scrubber. The individual test runs are listed in
Table A-6 and are shown graphically in Figure A-l. The baghouses are mostly pulse jet units
and operate at air-to-cloth ratios of 5 to 6 acfm/ft2. The venturi scrubber is a medium to high
energy unit, operating at a pressure drop of 50 to 60 inches of water.
The test results for the 12 systems are quite variable from plant to plant and among
individual runs at a single plant. Five of the tests averaged less than 0.010 Ib/ton, and eight
averaged 0.010 to 0.017 Ib/ton. The two baghouses with the highest three-run averages averaged
0.016 and 0.017 Ib/ton, respectively. Both are pulse jet units that are similar in design and
operation to the other baghouses with lower recorded average emissions. Since there are no
meaningful distinctions between the lower and higher emitting units, it appears that the higher
test results represent normal variability under a reasonable worst situation.
Mobile Scrubber Cars. Mobile scrubber cars are operated at five plants and serve seven
batteries. During pushing, the hood is positioned above the quench car, the scrubber car air
mover is activated, and the gases are pulled through the scrubber and are subsequently discharged
to the atmosphere. Two of the five scrubber cars that serve three batteries have the hood affixed
to the mobile scrubber car which is coupled to the quench car. This allows operation and capture
both during pushing and travel to the quench tower. The other three scrubber cars serving four
batteries have hoods affixed to the coke guide and door machine and cannot travel to the quench
tower.
A-12
-------
TABLE A-6. PM TEST RESULTS FOR MOVEABLE HOODS WITH STATIONARY
CONTROL DEVICES
Control
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
FF
Test
date
Dec-82
Dec-82
Dec-82
Aug-98
Aug-98
Aug-98
Oct-93
Oct-93
Oct-93
Mar-94
Mar-94
Mar-94
Feb-94
Feb-94
Feb-94
Nov-90
Nov-90
Nov-90
Sep-93
Sep-93
Sep-93
May-83
May-83
May-83
Nov-90
Nov-90
Nov-90
Nov-84
Nov-84
Nov-84
Sep-85
Sep-85
Sep-85
Run
No.
1
2
3
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
PM
(Ib/ton
coke)
0.0017
0.0023
0.0032
0.0024
0.0034
0.0023
0.0028
0.0029
0.0055
0.0030
0.0034
0.0040
0.0066
0.0034
0.0042
0.0047
0.0078
0.0069
0.0064
0.0070
0.015
0.0068
0.0075
0.0097
0.015
0.012
0.0047
0.011
0.019
0.0042
0.0098
0.011
0.012
0.011
0.013
0.012
0.016
0.018
0.0077
0.014
0.021
0.007
0.023
0.017
PM
(gr/dscf)
0.00082
0.0011
0.0016
0.0012
0.00057
0.00038
0.00045
0.00047
0.018
0.0097
0.012
0.013
0.020
0.010
0.013
0.014
0.023
0.021
0.019
0.021
0.00050
0.00030
0.00030
0.00037
0.0047
0.0040
0.0015
0.0034
0.0096
0.0052
0.0022
0.0057
0.00050
0.00040
0.00050
0.00047
0.0068
0.0071
0.0028
0.0056
0.0310
0.0110
0.0340
0.0260
PM
(Ib/hr)
0.41
0.26
0.32
0.33
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.47
0.68
0.32
0.45
0.48
0.79
0.73
0.70
0.74
0.74
0.37
0.41
0.51
4.7
3.9
1.5
3.3
10.1
5.4
2.3
5.9
0.68
0.58
0.72
0.66
9.9
10.0
4.0
8.0
1.2
0.5
1.1
0.9
Facility, Location
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
AK Steel, Middletown, OH
Bethlehem, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem, Burns Harbor, IN
Bethlehem, Burns Harbor, IN
USSC, Clairton, PA
USSC, Clairton, PA
USSC, Clairton, PA
USSC, Clairton, PA
USSC, Clairton, PA
USSC, Clairton, PA
USSC, Clairton, PA
USSC, Clairton, PA
USSC, Clairton, PA
Koppers, Dolomite, AL
Koppers, Dolomite, AL
Koppers, Dolomite, AL
Koppers, Monessen, PA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
Koppers, Monessen, PA
USSC, Gary, IN
USSC, Gary, IN
USSC, Gary, IN
Koppers, Dolomite, AL
Koppers, Dolomite, AL
Koppers, Dolomite, AL
Sloss, Birmingham, AL
Sloss, Birmingham, AL
Sloss, Birmingham, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Battery
2
2
2
2
2
2
13,14,15
13,14,15
13,14,15
7,8,9
7,8,9
7,8,9
1,2,3
1,2,3
1,2,3
2B&5
2B&5
2B&5
1B&2
1B&2
1B&2
5&7
5&7
5&7
1,2A,&4
1,2A,&4
1,2A,&4
1
1
1
Reference
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
36
39
40
A-13
-------
TABLE A-6. PM TEST RESULTS FOR MOVEABLE HOODS WITH STATIONARY
CONTROL DEVICES (continued)
Control
FF
FF
FF
VS
vs
VS
Test
date
Sep-98
Sep-98
Sep-98
Aug-90
Sep-91
Nov-92
Run
No.
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
1
1
Avg
PM
(Ib/ton
coke)
0.0095
0.012
0.026
0.016
0.0087
0.015
0.010
0.011
PM
(gr/dscf)
0.0057
0.0013
0.0018
0.0029
0.011
0.018
0.013
0.014
PM
(Ib/hr)
0.32
0.44
0.90
0.55
0.65
1.1
0.76
0.83
Facility, Location
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
ABC Coke, Tarrant, AL
Bethlehem, Bethlehem, PA
Bethlehem, Bethlehem, PA
Bethlehem, Bethlehem, PA
Battery
5,6
5,6
5,6
A
A
A
Reference
41
42
FF = fabric filter (baghouse)
VS = venturi scrubber
Ventilation rates are on the order of 40,000 to 70,000 acfm. These rates are about half those used
for the moveable hoods with land-based controls.
Test data on all five of the mobile scrubber cars currently in operation and are given in
Figure A-2 and Table A-7. The test data indicate that emissions expressed in a Ib/ton of coke
format are affected directly by oven size and whether emissions are captured during pushing and
travel to the quench tower. Six-meter batteries produce about twice as much coke per oven as do
smaller four-meter batteries. Measured emissions, however, in terms of both mass rate and
concentration are quite similar regardless of size. Therefore, emissions expressed in terms of
Ib/ton of coke must of necessity be lower for tall batteries than for short batteries. When
emissions are captured during pushing and travel as opposed to pushing only, the scrubber
operates on average about 1.5 to 2 minutes longer than for pushing only (about 1.5 minutes).
Operating the same or an equivalent control device for a longer time will result in more
paniculate matter captured per pushing event and thus, of necessity, result in a higher value in the
Ib/ton format for pushing and travel versus pushing only. Consequently, the data were analyzed
for mobile scrubber cars to accommodate three variations that affect emissions: tall batteries,
short batteries, and batteries that capture during both pushing and travel.
A-14
-------
FIGURE A-l. PM TESTS FOR MOVEABLE HOODS WITH STATIONARY CONTROLS
venturi_
surubber
Baghouses
0
o
u
0.
0. 0.010
0.
0.000
t
5 I
'
AK.OH
(12/82)
Burns Clairton
Harbor (10/93)
(8/98)
Clairton Clairton Koppers, Koppers, Koppers, Gary
(3/94) (2/94) AL (11/90) AL (11/90) PA (9/93) (5/83)
PLANT AND TEST DATE
Sloss
(11/84)
ABC 5/6
(9/98)
ABC 1
(9/85)
Beth, PA
(90-92)
A-15
-------
FIGURE A-2. PM TESTS OF MOBILE SCRUBBER CARS
0.040
0
^
o
o
0.020
0.010
0.000
Sampling during
pushing only
4
(
4
>
c
> <
4
»
)
?
4
)
>
(
4
t
>
4
)
>
>
0
4
1 4
§ !
* 0
s
$
>
)
>
J
(
^
^
>
^
Sampling during both
pushing and travel
^
Gary 2,3 Gary 2 Gary 3 Gary 2
(9/82) (5/90) (5/90) (2/97)
Gary 3 Erie Erie Erie LTV, OH LTV, OH National National National
(2/97) (3/94) (4/95) (8/96) (10/94) (5/99) (11/80) (10/85) (11/89)
PLANT AND TEST DATE
A-16
-------
TABLE A-7. PM TEST DATA FOR MOBILE SCRUBBER CARS
MOBILE SCRUBBER CARS - 6-METER BATTERIES WITH NO CAPTURE DURING TRAVEL
Test Run PM (Ib/ton PM (gr/dscf) PM (Ib/hr) Facility, Location Battery Reference
date No. coke)
Sep-82
Sep-82
Sep-82
May-90
May-90
May-90
May-90
May-90
May-90
Feb-97
Feb-97
Feb-97
Feb-97
Feb-97
Feb-97
1
2
3
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
1
2
o
J
Avg
MOBILE
Test
date
Mar-94
Mar-94
Apr-95
Apr-95
Aug-96
Aug-96
Run
No.
Avg
Avg
1
2
Avg
0.0046
0.0039
0.0028
0.0038
0.0020
0.0018
0.0021
0.0020
0.0056
0.0031
0.0050
0.0046
0.012
0.01
0.0055
0.0092
0.0037
0.0049
0.0033
0.0040
SCRUBBER CARS
0.021
0.018
0.013
0.017
0.0088
0.0075
0.0086
0.0083
0.0213
0.0120
0.0209
0.0181
0.0615
0.0430
0.0236
0.0427
0.0153
0.0201
0.0136
0.0163
6.8
5.8
4.0
5.5
2.9
2.6
3.0
2.9
8.3
4.5
2.0
4.9
18.1
14.4
8.0
13.5
5.4
7.1
4.9
5.8
- 4-METER BATTERIES
PM (Ib/ton PM (gr/dscf)
coke)
0.0170
0.0170
0.0170
0.0140
0.0160
0.0150
0.027
0.020
0.023
0.019
0.018
0.018
0.011
0.013
0.012
0.036
0.025
0.030
PM (Ib/hr)
0.28
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.30
0.29
0.71
0.48
0.60
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
USSC, Gaiy, IN
2,3
2,3
2,3
2
2
2
3
3
3
2
2
2
3
3
3
38
43
43
44
44
WITH NO CAPTURE DURING TRAVEL
Facility, Location
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Erie Coke, Erie, PA
Battery
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
Reference
45
46
47
A-17
-------
TABLE A-7. PM TEST DATA FOR MOBILE SCRUBBER CARS (continued)
MOBILE SCRUBBER CARS - CAPTURE DURING TRAVEL
Test
date
Oct-94
Oct-94
Oct-94
May-99
May-99
May-99
Oct-85
Oct-85
Oct-85
Nov-89
Nov-89
Nov-89
Dec-80
Dec-80
Dec-80
Run
No.
1
2
3
Avg
1
2
3
Avg
1
2
3
Avg
1
2
3
Avg
1
2
3
Avg
PM (Ib/ton
coke)
0.032
0.022
0.023
0.026
0.016
0.008
0.010
0.011
0.027
0.035
0.055
0.039
0.021
0.024
0.034
0.026
0.030
0.033
0.034
0.032
PM (gr/dscf)
0.031
0.021
0.020
0.024
0.014
0.007
0.008
0.010
0.03
0.038
0.059
0.042
0.022
0.023
0.025
0.023
0.016
0.017
0.017
0.017
PM (Ib/hr)
16.79
10.19
12.56
13.18
7.7
3.6
4.4
5.2
12.6
15.6
24.2
17.5
9.0
9.3
12.5
10.3
7.9
8.9
8.9
8.5
Facility, Location
LTV, OH
LTV, OH
LTV, OH
LTV, OH
LTV, OH
LTV, OH
National, Granite City, IL
National, Granite City, IL
National, Granite City, IL
National, Granite City, IL
National, Granite City, IL
National, Granite City, IL
National, Granite City, IL
National, Granite City, IL
National, Granite City, IL
Battery
4
4
4
4
4
4
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
A,B
Reference
48
49
50
51
52
The test data in Table A-7 include five tests of two identical scrubber cars that serve two six-
meter batteries at the USX plant in Gary, IN. These five tests include three runs each and were
conducted over a 15-year period spanning 1982 to 1997. The three-run averages range from
0.002 to 0.010 Ib/ton. The average value is 0.005 Ib/ton.
The test data in Table A-7 include three tests of a scrubber car that does not capture
during travel and serves two short batteries at Erie Coke (Erie, PA). These three tests are
comprised of two runs per test and span three recent years. The two-run averages are 0.015,
0.017, and 0.023 Ib/ton.
There are test data available for three batteries served by two scrubber cars that capture
and control emissions during both pushing and travel at LTV Steel's plant in Warren, OH and
National Steel's plant in Granite City, IL (see Table A-7). Two tests at one battery averaged
0.011 to 0.026 Ib/ton, and three tests conducted on a scrubber car serving two batteries averaged
0.026 to 0.039 Ib/ton. These scrubber cars are similar in design and operation, and both capture
emissions during travel to the quench tower.
A-18
-------
A.5 SOAKING
Soaking is that period at the coking cycle that starts when an oven is dampered off the
collecting main and vented to the atmosphere through an open standpipe prior to pushing and
ends when the coke begins to be pushed from the oven. The vented gases usually self ignite.
Emissions from soaking are most pronounced when green coke is produced. Consequently, the
technology for fugitive pushing emissions that minimizes the frequency of green coke will also
reduce emissions from soaking. However, most batteries also perform other procedures that
reduce emissions from soaking.
The work practices at well-controlled batteries were reviewed to evaluate control
techniques for soaking operations.7 Most batteries have work practices in place to ensure that the
gases from open standpipes are ignited during soaking. For example, a summary of the survey
responses in Table A-8 shows that 26 of the 58 by-product batteries have procedures to manually
ignite the gases from the standpipe if they do not self ignite.
Table A-8. PLANTS THAT MANUALLY IGNITE STANDPIPE EMISSIONS THAT DO
NOT SELF-IGNITE DURING SOAKING7
Plant
ABC Coke - Tarrant, AL
AK Steel - Ashland, KY
Citizen's Gas - Indianapolis, IN
Empire Coke - Holt, AL
Erie Coke - Erie, PA
Koppers - Monessen, PA
LTV Steel - Warren, OH
National Steel - Granite City, IL
New Boston Coke - New Boston, OH
Sloss Industries - Birmingham, AL
Tonawanda Coke - Tonawanda, NY
US Steel - Gary, IN
TOTAL
Number of batteries
3
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
1
3
1
4
26
A-19
-------
A.6 QUENCHING
A review of current State regulations for quenching indicates that all quench towers are
subject to design and operational standards. Most regulations prohibit the use of untreated
wastewater as make-up water for quenching, require the use of baffles for grit elimination, and
include minimum specifications for baffle coverage. Most States also limit IDS in the make-up
water used for quenching. The TDS limits range from 500 to 1600 mg/L. However, a TDS limit
may be unnecessary to control HAP emissions during quenching
because the primary contributor of HAP emissions during quenching is wastewater contaminated
with organics from the by-product plant, and solids in the wastewater are not a source of HAP
emissions except for trace metals.
Table A-9 provides a summary of the survey of coke plants to determine what plants are
doing to control quenching emissions. Of the 43 existing quench towers, 40 have baffles, 22
have the baffles cleaned daily, 21 are subject to a TDS limit, 18 have the baffles inspected
monthly, and at least 12 have baffles that cover 95% or more of the cross sectional area of the
tower. Although only four of the 11 States with coke plants ban the use of untreated wastewater,
no plants currently use untreated by-product plant wastewater as make-up water for quenching.
TABLE A-9. SUMMARY OF QUENCH TOWER REQUIREMENTS AND PRACTICES7
Specification
Baffles present
Baffles required
Clean water used
TDS limit in place (500 to 1,600 mg/L)
95% coverage required
Baffles inspected:
At least monthly
Quarterly
Bi-annually
Annually
Baffles cleaned:
At least daily
At least weekly
"As needed"
Bi-annually or annually
Number of Quench
Towers (out of 43 total)
40
37
29
21
12
18
2
10
5
22
3
5
5
Number of Plants
(out of 25 total)
23
21
19
11
7
12
2
3
4
12
2
4
3
A.7 BATTERY STACKS
A-20
-------
There are 53 battery stacks that serve 58 by-product batteries. Five plants have a pair of
batteries served by one stack, and all other stacks are associated with a single battery. Battery
stack emissions occur when raw coke oven gas leaks through oven walls into flues and when
there is poor combustion in the underfiring system. Emissions from stacks are usually most
noticeable when ovens are charged with coal. Elevated opacity values occur due to the
substantial and sudden increase in oven pressure and the resulting leakage of raw coke oven gas
into the flue system. The intensity and duration of the in-leakage and impact on stack opacity is a
direct result of the physical condition of the oven walls and presence of sealing carbon. Coke
oven emissions from battery stacks are controlled by good operation and maintenance which
includes using a COMS in the stack.
Good operation and maintenance involves identifying problem ovens that produce high
stack opacity emissions when ovens are charged, diagnosing problems, and repairing ovens or
adjusting the underfiring system. No batteries currently use add-on control devices for control of
emissions from battery stacks.
Based on information from an industry survey7 and site visits1'2'3, the batteries at
Bethlehem Steel in Burns Harbor, IN and USX in Clairton, PA were found to use good operation
and maintenance coupled with COMS to control stack emissions. Battery stacks at both plants
have COMS that trigger an alarm when the opacity suddenly increases. The oven that was
charged when the alarm sounds is investigated for flue leakage and combustion conditions (flame
characteristics, gas pressure, stack draft), and corrective actions are taken as needed. Minor
repairs may include spray patching or silica dusting; and if the problem is severe, the oven may
be taken out of service for more rigorous repairs including ceramic welding, brick replacement,
or repair of the entire oven (e.g., end flue or through wall repairs).
Routine and preventative maintenance are also important control measures and include a
daily inspection of flues and walls, cleaning gas piping, checking the reversing mechanism and
flue combustion, and measuring flue temperatures. If the removal of excess carbon results in
inadequate carbon to seal cracks, the oven wall is sprayed before being charged with coal.3
COMS data were available for the batteries at Bethlehem Steel (Burns Harbor)53'54 and
USX Clairton Works.55'56'57'58 For the two six-meter batteries at Bethlehem Steel (Burns
A-21
-------
Harbor), data for one battery cover a continuous period of 50 months, and data for the other
battery cover a continuous period of 65 months. Data were available for an 18-month period for
eight batteries at USX Clairton when they were operating on a normal coking time (seven four-
meter batteries and one six-meter battery). Data were available for four batteries at Clairton
while operating on an extended coking time. Data during any identified COMS malfunctions
were not included.59
These batteries are representative of the various types of batteries in the U.S. in terms of
oven height, types of underfiring systems, and battery age. They include both underjet and gun
flue systems, oven heights that range from four to six meters, and battery ages from 6 to 46 years.
The data also include temporal effects because they cover at least a one-year period, and for two
batteries cover a 4- to 5-year period.
The data for Bethlehem Steel's Battery 1 are shown in Figure A-l. The figure illustrates
a clear demarcation point in opacity levels occurring about July 1996. The daily average opacity
levels recorded over the 36-month period prior to July 1996 average 8.1% with frequent wild
oscillations. In contrast, opacity levels for the 36-month period after July 1996 average 4.8%
with a substantial dampening in oscillation peaks. Reasons to explain the improvement in
performance as evidenced by the data were examined. One apparent reason for improved
performance is the resumption of end flue repairs. Battery 1 had 12 end flue repairs in 1992 and
20 in 1993. No end flue repairs were made in 1994 during the rebuilding of Battery 2. Repairs
were then resumed in 1995 (12) and continued through 1996 (12), 1997 (14), and 1998 (8).60
Assuming there is a lag time for improvement in opacity resulting from end flue repairs, opacity
levels for 1994 and at least part of 1995 are probably not representative of an optimally
maintained battery.
It is apparent that the control technology and stack emissions prior to 1996 are very
different from those after 1996, especially since performance should have worsened with battery
age if all other factors were equal. The data since 1996 show the performance level that can be
achieved on a continuing basis. For example, the daily average opacity never exceeded 15% for
over 1,560 consecutive days (4.3 years) from early 1996 through 2000.
A-22
-------
Figure A-3 shows that aside from the two and a half month period following startup in
December 1994, Battery 2 has been consistently well controlled. Almost all daily average
opacities since February 1996 have been less than 10%.
COMS data for four batteries at USX in Gary, IN61'62'63 were also analyzed . As shown in
Table A-10, some periods of several days of high opacity were documented as caused by cracks or
holes in a single oven's walls.64'65 Good operation and maintenance would have resulted in the
oven being repaired or taken out of service rather than continuing for several days. In addition,
several days of COMS readings that had not been flagged as invalid were due to a COMS
malfunction.66 Other high opacity readings exist for these batteries, and while specific
information concerning the cause of other such readings is not available, they may have been due
to problems with the COMS, or other operation and maintenance issues (based on the above
information).
The data were examined to determine if there are differences in performance associated
with oven height and type of underfiring system. As shown in Table A-l 1, seven short batteries
averaged 1 to 4% opacity, and three tall batteries averaged 3, 4, and 5% opacity. The average
opacities of the short and tall batteries overlap, and there is no significant difference in the level of
control that is achieved. Similarly, there is no difference in performance between underjet and
gun flue underfiring systems.
Table A-12 summarizes the upper percentiles of performance for the daily average. The
100th percentile (maximum) is the highest daily average recorded for a battery over the given time
period. The data show that a daily average of 15% opacity has been achieved by the ten batteries
over 99.7% of the time, and this includes both short and tall batteries and those with both gun flue
and underjet underfiring systems.
Data for four batteries at USX Clairton in Table A-13 indicate that stack opacity increases
when batteries are placed on extended coking time. The average opacities for batteries on
extended coking are approximately twice those of batteries on a normal coking time. This results
from less formation of protective sealing carbon that seals small cracks in the oven walls.
Battery-wide extended coking is a relatively rare event and is used primarily when the demand for
coke drops.
A-23
-------
>-
o
Q.
O
LJJ
O
LU
<
Q
Average opacity = 8.1%
Average opacity = 4.8%
Aug- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Sep- Dec- Mar- Jun-
93 93 94 94 94 94 95 95 95 95 96 96 96 96 97 97 97 97 98 98 98 98 99 99 99 99 99 00 00
DATE
• Daily avg
FIGURE A-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM STEEL BATTERY 1
A-24
-------
>
O
D.
O
LU
LU
>
>
Q
Dec- Mar- Jun- Sep- Dec- Mar- Jun- Sep- Dec- Mar- May- Aug- Nov- Feb- May- Aug- Nov- Feb- May- Aug- Nov- Feb- May-
94 95 95 95 95 96 96 96 96 97 97 97 97 98 98 98 98 99 99 99 99 00 00
DATE
• Daily avg
FIGURE A-4. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM STEEL BATTERY 2
A-25
-------
TABLE A-10. RECORDED REASONS FOR EXCEEDANCES OF 20% OPACITY LIMIT (6-MIN. AVG) AT USX, GARY
63, 64
Battery
2
3
5
7
Dates
7/4/98 - 7/28/98
1/12/97 - 1/17/97
7/17/98 - 7/27/98
9/8/98
9/21/98 - 9/24/98
11/14/98- 11/19/98
2/21/97
2/10/97-2/24/97
10/31/98- 11/28/98
Daily average opacity
Range
17-26
8-46
16-20
32
19-25
16- 19
40
10-29
16- 19
Average
20
26
18
32
21
18
40
20
18
Summary of Reason(s)
678 exceedances due to wall damage were reported during this period (as many as 96 in one
day). Oven #24 had wall damage resulting in exceedances on 8 days over a 16-day period.
Oven #57 had wall damage resulting in exceedances on 17 davs over a 20-dav period.
Unsure; no exceedances reported for this period except for one 6-min. average on
January 14th (extended coking due to being next to an oven out of service)
Charge delays for various reasons accounted for 30 exceedances, combustion problems for
108 exceedances (as many as 33 in one day), and wall damage for 137 exceedances (as many
as 55 in one day). The first exceedance attributed to "combustion problems" occurred on
7/21 and was attributed to "desulf being down". The combustion problems for the remainder
of the days were not explained.
108 exceedances attributed to "combustion problems"
186 exceedances during this time period were attributed to charge delays due to precarbon
breakdown.
Charge delays due to various equipment problems (west buggy down, quench car down,
cokeguide breakdown, pusher jamb breakdown, precarbon breakdown, lid lifter broken...).
99 exceedances due to wall damage.
Combustion problems due to askania losing power.
Unsure; only 8 exceedances on 4 days were reported during this period.
633 exceedances were reported due to "combustion problems" from 10/3 1 to 1 1/09. From
1 1/10 to 1 1/28 from 0 to 20 exceedances per day were reported due to charge delays (various
reasons), wall damage, and extended coking time.
A-26
-------
TABLE A-ll. SUMMARY OF COM DATA
Battery
Average opacity
Period of data
Duration (mos.)
Date of Startup or
Rebuild
Height (m)
Type
Short batteries
USX 7
4
8/98-1/00
18
1954
4
gun flue
USX 8
4
8/98-1/00
18
1954
4
gun flue
USX 9
4
8/98-1/00
18
1954
4
gun flue
USX 13
1
8/98-1/00
18
1989
4
gun flue
USX 14
1
8/98-1/00
18
1989
4
gun flue
USX 15
2
8/98-1/00
18
1980
4
gun flue
USX 20
3
8/98-1/00
18
1951
4
underjet
Tall batteries
USXB*
3
8/98-1/00
14
1982
6
gun flue
BSC-BH 1
5
7/96-8/00
50
1983
6
underjet
BSC-BH 2
4
3/95-8/00
65
1994
6
underjet
TABLE A-12. COM DAILY AVERAGE ANALYSIS- HIGHEST VALUES
Percentiles of
daily averages
100 (maximum)
99.7
99
95
90
Opacity at the indicated percentile for each battery
USX 7
22
12
10
8
7
USX 8
15
14
11
8
7
USX 9
18
14
12
9
8
USX 13
14
8
4
3
2
USX 14
14
4
2
2
2
USX 15
10
7
6
4
4
USX 20
13
10
9
7
6
USXB*
11
9
9
6
5
BSC-BH 1
15
13
12
10
9
BSC-BH 2
27
12
11
8
6
* Excludes periods of extended coking.
A-27
-------
TABLE A-13. COM DAILY AVERAGE ANALYSIS- EXTENDED COKING
Summary
Average opacity
Period of data
Duration (mos.)
Date of Startup or
Rebuild
Height (m)
Type
Battery
USX1
7
8/98-1/00
18
1955
4
gun flue
USX 2
6
8/98-1/00
18
1955
4
gun flue
USX 3
8
8/98-1/00
18
1955
4
gun flue
USX 19
6
8/98-1/00
18
1951
4
underjet
Percentiles of
daily averages
100 (maximum)
99.7
99
95
90
Battery
USX1
24
21
19
15
13
USX 2
20
19
16
13
11
USX 3
20
18
17
15
13
USX 19
43
28
21
11
10
A-28
-------
A.8 REFERENCES
1. Memorandum, S. George and E. Kong, RTI, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, October
14, 1997, Site visit report for US Steel Clairton Works in Clairton, Pennsylvania.
2. Memorandum, S. George and E. Kong, RTI, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, December
15, 1997, Site visit report for Bethlehem Steel Burns Harbor Division in Chesterton,
Indiana.
3. Memorandum, M. Branscome, RTI, to L. Melton, EPA: OAQPS:ESD, June 8, 1999, Site
visit report to USS Clairton Works, Clairton, Pennsylvania.
4. Memorandum, L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, September 25, 2000, Site visit report for
New Boston Coke Corporation in New Boston, Ohio.
5. Memorandum, S. Burns and M. Branscome, RTI, to L. Melton, EPA: OAQPS:ESD,
February 1, 2000, Summary of conference call between EPA and representatives of the
American Coke and Coal Chemicals Institute (ACCCI) to discuss the diagnosis and repair
of the causes of high opacity pushes.
6. Memorandum, S. George and M. Branscome, RTI, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD,
June 23, 1999, Summary of meeting between EPA and AISI7ACCCI Coke Oven
Environmental Task Force.
7. Memorandum with attachments, S. Burns, RTI, to Docket, July 1998, Data from RTI
Project Database compiled from EPA section 114 survey responses and industry.
8. Electronic mail, J. Garzella, Acme Steel, to EPA, March 1999, Transmitting pushing data
for Batteries 1 and 2..
9. Letter and attachment, S. Felton, AK Steel Corporation, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD,
October 28, 1998, Enclosing controlled pushing emissions data.
10. Letter and attachment, R. Zavoda, LTV Steel Company, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD,
November 29, 1999, Conveying pushing opacity data for the Warren, OH coke plant.
11. Portsmouth Local Air Agency, to EPA, New Boston Coke Corporation pushing opacity
reports from July to October, 1999.
12. Facsimile and attachment, P. Centofanti, Portsmouth Local Air Agency (PLAA), to S.
George, RTI, January 19, 1999, Enclosing a letter from M. Mehalovich, New Boston
Coke Corporation, to PLAA with self-monitoring reports.
A-29
-------
13. Facsimile, Method 9 Pushing Data for USX Clairton, April 29, 1999..
14. Letter and attachment, S. Felton, AK Steel Corporation, to M. Branscome, RTI, June 1,
1999, Enclosing data pertaining to the pushing study at the Wilputte Battery in
Middletown, Ohio.
15. Memorandum and attachment, G. Ossman, Bethlehem Steel, to M. Branscome, RTI, June
11, 1999, Bethlehem Steel, Burns Harbor coke oven pushing opacity data.
16. Letter and attachment, R. Zavoda, LTV Steel Company, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD,
November 29, 1999, Conveying pushing opacity data for the Chicago, IL coke plant.
17. Letter and attachments, J. Heintz, National Steel Corporation, to L. Melton,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, December 14, 1999, Enclosing data sheets for pushing and travel
observations made at the #5 coke battery in Ecorse, Michigan.
18. Memorandum, L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, July 27, 2000, Site visit report for Empire
Coke Company in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
19. Letter and attachments, D. Lewis, Empire Coke Company, to A. Vervaert,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, January 25, 1999, Follow up to site visit describing unique
differences of Semet-Solvay battery design, and enclosing pushing opacity observations,
potential pushing emissions estimate, and Semet-Solvay horizontal flue coke oven heat
flow diagram.
20. Letter, D. Lewis, Empire Coke Company, to A. Vervaert, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, July 28,
2000, Summarizing discussion on conference call, July 12, 2000, regarding plant
operations.
21. Electronic mail, D. Lewis, Empire Coke Company, to A. Vervaert, EPA:OAQPS:ESD,
August 22, 2000, Summary of and comments regarding conference call with EPA.
22. Electronic mail, D. Lewis, Empire Coke Company, to A. Vervaert, EPA:OAQPS:ESD,
August 25, 2000, Summary and follow up to two recent conference calls about Empire
Coke subcategory.
23. Letter and attachments, D. Lewis, Empire Coke Company, to A. Vervaert,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, October 19, 2000, Attaching comments on draft language for
horizontal flue coke oven batteries.
24. Letter, R. Waddell, Jewell Coal & Coke, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, March 12,
1999, Recommendation for work practice and documentation pushing MACT.
A-30
-------
25. Letter, R. Waddell, Jewell Coal & Coke, to L. Melton, May 24, 1999, regarding MACT
standards for pushing, quenching, and battery stacks.
26. Facsimile, R. Waddell, Jewell Coal & Coke, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD September
1, 1999, Recommendation for work practice pushing MACT.
27. Letter, R. Waddell, Jewell Coal & Coke, Vansant, VA, to A. Vervaert,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, September 19, 2000, Comments on proposed pushing MACT
standard for non-recovery coke batteries.
28. Letter, G. Bradley Jr., Indiana Harbor Coke Company, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD,
August 16, 2000, Information on compliance test conducted on baghouse.
29. Report, Battery No. 1 Coke Push Shed Particulate Emission Control System at Shenango
Incorporated, BCM Engineers, February 1988.
30. Letter and attachments, A. Ossman in, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, to L. Melton,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, July 6, 2000, Enclosing summary table and sample calculations from
a 1997 stack test performed at Bethlehem Steel's Lackawanna Coke Division.
31. Stationary Source Sampling Report, Particulate Emissions Compliance Testing, Pushing
Process Baghouse Outlet, #2 Coke Battery at Armco, Inc., Middletown, Ohio, Entropy
Environmentalists, December 1982.
32. Report, Emissions Testing of Combustion Stack and Pushing Operations at Coke Battery
No. 2 at Bethlehem Steel Corporation's Burns Harbor Division in Chesterton, Indiana,
EPA 454/R-99-001a, February 1999.
33. Report, Compliance Demonstration No. 13, 14, 15 Battery Pushing Emissions Control at
US Steel, Clairton Works, Chester Environmental, December 1993.
34. Report, Compliance Demonstration No. 7, 8, and 9 Battery Pushing Emissions Control at
US Steel Clairton Works, Chester Environmental, April 1994.
35. Report, Compliance Demonstration No. 1, 2, and 3 Battery Pushing Emissions Control at
US Steel Clairton Works, Chester Environmental, April 1994.
36. Report, Compliance Testing Performed at Koppers Industries, Inc., Dolomite, Alabama,
Clean Air Engineering, December 13, 1990.
37. Report, Emission Evaluation of Batteries IB and 2 Pushing Emissions Control System,
Battery IB Combustion Stack, Battery 2 Combustion Stack, Koppers Industries
A-31
-------
Monessen Coke Plant, Monessen, Pennsylvania, Optimal Technologies, December 6,
1996.
38. Report, Particulate Matter in Exhaust Gases from the West Pushing Emission Control
Baghouse Stack at US Steel Gary Works, May 1983.
39. Report, Mass Emission Tests Conducted on the Coke Battery Positive Pushing Control
System in Birmingham, Alabama, Prepared by Guardian Systems Inc., for Jim Walters
Resources, November 1984..
40. Report, Mass Emission Tests Conducted on Coke Battery #1 Positive Pushing Control
System at ABC Coke, Tarrant, Alabama, Guardian Systems, Inc, September 9-11 1985.
41. Report, Emissions Testing of Combustion Stack and Pushing Operations at Coke Battery
No. 5/6 at ABC Coke in Birmingham, Alabama, EPA 454/R-99-002a, February 1999.
42. Report, Compliance Parti culate Emission Determination of the Coke Battery "A"
Scrubber Stack for Bethlehem Steel Corporation, BCM Engineers, October 1990.
43. Report, Particulate Emission Study Performed for US Steel Corporation at the Gary
Works Coke Oven Quench Cars, CarNos. 9119 and 9120, Mostardi-Platt Associates,
June 18, 1990.
44. Report, Particulate Emission Compliance Study Performed for US Steel Group Gary
Works Plant No. 2 Coke Battery Scrubber, Mostardi Platt, March 12, 1997.
45. Report, Coke Quench Car Compliance Demonstration at Erie Coke Corporation, Chester
Environmental, April 1994
46. Report, Compliance Demonstration Coke Quench Car Exhaust Stack at Erie Coke
Corporation, Advanced Technology Systems, May 1995.
47. Report, Measurement of Particulate Matter Emissions From a Coke Quench Car Scrubber
Exhaust Duct Compliance Demonstration at Erie Coke Corporation, Advanced
Technology Systems, September 1996.
48. Facsimile, R. Zavoda, LTV Steel Company, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, September
29, 2000, Attaching test results from Warren coke plant Chemico quench car system.
49. Facsimile, R. Zavoda, LTV Steel Company, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, September
18, 2000, Attaching test results from Warren coke plant Chemico quench car system.
A-32
-------
50. Facsimile, GCS Environmental to L. Melton, September 5, 2000, Copy of letters dated
November 18, 1985 and December 5, 1989, regarding coke side emissions control gas
cleaning car compliance demonstration at National Steel.
51. Test Report for National Steel, Granite City. Pushing Emission Test Conducted
November 1989.
52. Report, Particulate Emissions Testing No. 2 Cokeside Emissions Control Gas Cleaning
Car Scrubber Stack Exhaust Coke Battery "A" Granite City Steel, The Almega
Corporation, December 1980
53. Letter and attachments, A. Ossmann, to A. Vervaert, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, January 12,
1999, Enclosing COMS data from battery stacks on coke oven batteries 1 & 2 at
Bethlehem Steel's Burns Harbor Facility.
54. Letter, A. Ossman, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, to EPA, August 27, 1999, Underfire
Opacity Data for Burns Harbor Coke Oven Battery Nos. 1 & 2.
55. Letter, W. Graeser, USS Clairton Works, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, May 4, 1999,
Conveying COMS data following plant visit by EPA.
56. Letter and attachments, W. Graeser, U.S. Steel, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, August
5, 1999, Enclosing COMS data for Clairton batteries and data relative to the Allegheny
County Standards for batteries 13, 14, 15, 20, and B.
57. Letter and attachment, W. Graeser, US Steel Company, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD,
November 13, 1999, Conveying batery stack COMS opacity data for Batteries #1 and #3.
58. Letter and attachments, W. Graeser, U.S. Steel Clairton Works, to L. Melton,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, June 6, 2000, Stating a desire for a work practice standard for battery
stacks, and enclosing graphs of battery stack opacity data and random descriptions of
repairs in response to high stack opacity.
59. Electronic mail, B. Graeser, US Steel Corporation, to M. Branscome, RTI, September 15,
2000, Response to a request for information about COMS data from US Steel, Clairton
Works.
60. ICR Response, T. Easterly, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, to M. Hinson,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, May 1998, ICR response for Bethlehem Steel Corporation Burns
Harbor Division.
61. Letter and attachments, H. McCollum, USS Clairton Works, to L. Melton,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, February 9, 1999, Enclosing USS - Gary Works COMS data.
A-33
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62. Letter, J. Gean, USS Gary Coke Operations, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, September
1, 2000, Conveying 1999 COMS data for batteries 2, 3, 5, & 7.
63. Letter, J. Gean, USS Gary Coke Operations, to L. Melton, EPA:OAQPS:ESD, August 31,
2000, Conveying COMS data for Batteries 2, 3, 5 & 7.
64. Letter and attachments, H. McCollum, USS Clairton Works, to L. Melton,
EPA:OAQPS:ESD, March 5, 1999, regarding US Steel Gary Works COMS data: start-
up, shut-Down, malfunction and maintenance.
65. Letter and attachments, W. Graeser, USS Clairton Works, to S. George, Research
Triangle Institute, May 13, 1999, regarding USS Gary Works COMS data: start-up, shut-
down, malfunction and maintenance.
66. Electronic mail, J. Gean, US Steel Corporation, to M. Branscome, RTI, September 19,
2000, Response to a request for information about COMS data from US Steel, Gary
Works.
A-34
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APPENDIX B
OPACITY DATA FOR PUSHING-AVERAGE PER PUSH
-------
TABLE
Date
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
B-l.
Battery
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
USS CLAIRTON
PUSHING DAT,
Oven Time Average 6 highest consecutive
A24 13:45 0.0
A26 13:55
A28 14:05
A30 14:22
Bl 14:31
B3 14:43
B5 14:53
B7 15:03
B17 14:51
B19 15:03
B21 15:14
B23 15:25
B25 16:08
B27 16:19
B29 16:30
B31 16:41
A3 14:37
A5 14:48
A7 14:58
A9 15:09
B16 13:20
B18 13:33
B20 13:44
B22 13:54
B24 14:05
B26 14:16
B28 14:26
B30 14:37
A19 14:57
A21 15:08
A23 15:19
A25 16:03
A27 16:14
A29 16:25
A31 16:36
B2 16:53
B24 13:38
B26 13:49
B28 14:00
B30 14:10
Cl 14:16
A16 13:15
A18 13:26
A20 13:38
A22 13:49
A24 14:00
A26 14:10
A28 14:21
1.7
1.0
2.5
0.8
4.0
2.5
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.5
10.8
26.7
5.0
5.8
7.5
1.7
9.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.8
5.8
0.8
23.3
0.0
3.3
0.0
5.8
17.5
12.5
4.2
17.5
14.2
4.2
B-2
-------
TABLE B-l. USS CLAIRTON PUSHING DATA (continued)
Date
4/22/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
4/22/99
Battery
9
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Oven
A30
A26
Bl
B3
B5
B7
B9
Bll
B13
B2
B4
B6
B8
BIO
B12
B14
B16
B23
B25
B27
B29
A9
All
A13
A15
A17
A19
A21
A23
A2
A4
A6
A8
B9
Bll
B13
B15
B17
B19
B21
Al
A3
A5
A7
A9
All
A13
A15
Time Average 6 highest consecutive
14:31 50.0
13:21
13:44
13:55
14:05
14:15
14:26
14:36
14:42
10:36
10:47
10:58
11:10
11:20
11:30
11:41
11:52
13:16
13:26
13:32
13:38
11:10
11:21
11:35
11:46
11:58
12:09
12:20
12:31
13:49
13:59
14:10
14:20
11:15
11:26
11:40
11:50
12:02
12:14
12:26
10:31
10:41
10:52
11:03
11:15
11:25
11:36
11:46
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
5.0
23.0
17.0
9.0
16.0
6.0
15.0
15.8
2.5
0.0
2.5
25.0
1.7
1.7
5.0
1.7
3.3
3.3
8.3
3.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
29 2
7.5
2.5
15.0
17.5
10.8
5.0
5.8
1.7
13.3
9.2
5.0
7.5
7.5
4.2
B-3
-------
TABLE 2. BETHLEHEM STEEL, BURNS HARBOR
Date Battery Oven
4/7/99 1 101
4/7/99 1 111
4/7/99 1 121
4/7/99 1 131
4/7/99 1 141
4/7/99 1 151
4/7/99 1 161
4/7/99 1 171
4/13/99 1 148
4/13/99 1 158
4/13/99 1 168
4/13/99 1 171
4/13/99 1 181
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
191
103
113
123
133
163
173
183
105
115
125
135
145
155
165
159
169
179
189
102
112
122
132
142
152
186
108
118
128
138
148
158
4/6/99 2 291
4/6/99 2 203
4/6/99 2 213
4/6/99 2 223
Time
7:23
7:40
7:51
8:05
8:17
8:31
8:42
8:53
8:02
8:12
8:22
11:28
11:39
11:50
12:01
12:10
12:20
12:30
8:07
8:16
8:27
8:41
8:55
9:07
9:19
9:31
9:44
9:56
7:52
8:05
8:17
8:27
8:39
8:51
9:02
9:14
9:26
9:37
8:46
8:58
9:13
9:22
9:32
9:43
9:56
10:29
10:42
10:53
11:07
Average opacity
5.8
15.8
10.8
7.5
10.8
10.8
15.0
30.0
15.0
21.7
22.5
20.0
10.0
20.8
23.3
19.2
15.8
22.5
0.0
5.0
17.5
2.5
10.8
7.5
8.3
10.8
20.8
5.8
25.0
7.5
11.7
20.8
40.0
20.0
15.0
15.8
24.2
21.7
18.3
23.3
9.2
19.2
14.2
12.5
11.7
16.7
20.8
7.5
10.0
B-4
-------
TABLE 2. BETHLEHEM STEEL, BURNS HARBOR (continued)
Date
4/6/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/15/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
4/20/99
Battery
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Oven
233
283
205
215
225
235
245
255
265
275
285
259
269
279
202
212
222
232
206
216
226
236
246
256
266
276
286
208
218
228
238
213
223
233
243
253
263
273
111
237
247
257
277
287
209
219
Time
11:17
9:00
9:15
9:36
9:49
9:59
10:11
10:41
10:51
11:01
11:11
10:02
10:11
10:21
10:36
10:47
10:58
11:07
9:48
9:59
10:10
10:21
10:31
10:42
10:52
11:04
11:14
11:26
11:38
11:48
12:05
10:14
10:24
10:36
10:46
10:57
11:11
11:23
8:32
8:43
8:54
9:07
9:34
10:07
10:22
10:38
Average opacity
2.5
26.7
22.5
24.2
31.7
16.7
12.5
6.7
12.5
10.8
14.2
15.0
14.2
17.5
35.0
7.5
5.8
20.0
16.7
25.8
20.8
6.7
2.5
10.0
6.7
1.7
7.5
10.8
10.0
6.7
2.5
14.2
20.0
10.8
23.3
12.5
14.2
23.3
1.7
20.0
9.2
15.0
8.3
1.7
18.3
15.8
B-5
-------
TABLE B-3. NEW BOSTON COKE
Date Oven Average Opacity
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/30/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/10/99
23
5
15
25
35
2
12
22
32
42
1
11
21
31
41
42
52
62
72
4
43
53
63
73
5
34
44
54
64
74
3
13
23
33
43
47
57
67
77
9
64
74
6
16
26
47
57
9.2
14.2
10.8
10.8
9.2
15.0
10.0
10.8
14.2
7.5
16.7
15.8
11.7
10.8
10.8
10.8
12.5
13.3
15.0
12.5
13.3
13.3
15.0
17.5
10.8
13.3
12.5
14.2
15.8
15.0
11.7
11.7
11.7
14.2
13.3
13.3
15.8
14.2
13.3
15.0
13.3
15.0
12.5
11.7
12.5
13.3
11.7
B-6
-------
TABLE B-3. NEW BOSTON COKE (continued)
Date Oven Average Opacity
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/27/99
8/30/99
67
77
9
73
5
15
25
35
72
4
14
24
34
43
53
63
73
5
57
67
77
9
19
61
71
3
13
23
43
53
63
73
5
7
17
27
37
47
3
13
23
33
43
17
27
37
14.2
10.8
13.3
13.3
10.8
10.8
12.5
10.8
11.7
12.5
15.8
12.5
10.0
9.2
15.8
10.8
15.8
15.8
11.7
13.3
16.7
14.2
13.3
12.5
11.7
15.8
12.5
14.2
11.7
11.7
9.2
14.2
15.0
13.3
12.5
10.0
11.7
13.3
15.0
15.0
9.2
14.2
10.8
17.5
15.0
10.8
B-7
-------
TABLE B-3. NEW BOSTON COKE (continued)
Date Oven Average Opacity
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/10/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/17/99
9/20/99
47
57
15
25
35
45
55
64
74
6
16
26
52
62
72
4
14
27
37
47
57
67
8
18
28
38
48
42
52
62
72
4
15
25
35
45
55
26
36
46
56
66
25
35
45
55
10.8
17.5
8.3
9.2
10.8
19.2
11.7
12.5
9.2
7.5
14.2
13.3
13.3
9.2
12.5
16.7
9.2
10.8
9.2
11.7
10.8
13.3
12.5
12.5
6.7
9.2
7.5
11.7
12.5
13.3
14.2
10.8
7.5
9.2
13.3
6.7
9.2
8.3
11.7
11.7
10.0
9.2
10.0
10.0
11.7
11.7
B-8
-------
TABLE B-3. NEW BOSTON COKE (continued)
Date Oven Average Opacity
9/21/99
9/24/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/30/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/19/99
65
16
26
36
46
56
41
51
61
71
3
45
55
65
75
17
2
12
22
32
42
37
47
57
67
77
23
33
43
53
63
77
19
29
39
49
66
76
18
28
38
55
65
75
7
17
9.2
10.0
10.0
7.5
10.0
10.8
11.7
10.0
10.8
8.3
7.5
11.7
9.2
11.7
9.2
8.3
9.2
8.3
9.2
11.7
8.3
9.2
10.8
10.8
11.7
10.8
10.8
12.5
9.2
10.0
9.2
10.0
10.0
7.5
10.0
11.7
11.7
11.7
13.3
7.5
10.0
13.3
11.7
15.8
13.3
11.7
B-9
-------
TABLE B-3. NEW BOSTON COKE (continued)
Date Oven Average Opacity
10/20/99
10/22/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/29/99
56
66
76
8
18
42
52
62
72
4
35
45
55
65
75
52
62
72
4
14
22
32
42
52
62
10.0
13.3
14.2
11.7
14.2
12.5
10.0
10.0
14.2
10.8
13.3
12.5
10.8
10.8
11.7
11.7
12.5
12.5
9.2
10.8
9.2
9.2
10.8
7.5
11.7
B-10
-------
TABLE B-4. ACME STEEL
BATTERY 1
Date
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/11/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/13/99
3/15/99
3/19/99
3/8/99
3/13/99
3/19/99
3/8/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/15/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
Time
11:00:25
12:53:50
9:03:18
9:10:27
13:16:09
12:13:00
10:10:34
11:40:26
11:58:05
13:20:01
13:48:22
9:52:18
8:52:18
10:00:05
13:13:01
14:05:02
9:53:02
13:05:11
10:09:35
7:20:51
7:28:56
9:30:17
9:39:27
9:49:09
9:58:13
10:10:39
12:04:37
12:21:26
12:29:15
13:49:51
7:15:33
9:45:29
9:58:42
10:23:49
11:32:03
11:49:03
12:07:40
13:37:15
10:08:44
11:58:38
8:48:37
8:56:05
7:34:43
7:45:00
7:56:17
8:05:58
Oven
b21
a8
a21
a23
a!4
a21
a7
b3
b7
all
a!5
b!7
b9
b7
b25
b2
b5
b23
b!5
a!3
a!5
bll
b!3
b!5
b!7
b!9
a4
a23
a25
b!3
b20
a3
a5
a9
bl
b5
b9
a!3
b9
a!9
a2
a4
bll
b!3
b!5
b!7
Opacity
19.2
19.2
20.0
10.8
20.0
14.2
15.8
17.5
17.5
17.5
14.2
9.2
3.3
6.7
15.8
16.7
16.7
17.5
5.0
8.3
7.5
5.8
5.8
5.0
7.5
7.5
11.7
7.5
5.8
17.5
6.7
7.5
11.7
7.5
9.2
12.5
8.3
11.7
11.7
12.5
20.0
10.0
9.2
10.8
11.7
8.3
BATTERY 2
Date
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
Oven
c!9
d8
dll
d!3
d!5
d!7
d!9
c2
c4
c21
c23
c25
d2
ell
c!3
c!7
c!9
c!5
d8
dll
d!3
d!7
d!9
d!5
c2
c21
c23
c25
c4
ell
c!5
c!7
c!9
c!3
dll
d!5
d!7
d!9
d8
d!3
c2
C21
C23
C25
C4
c!3
Time
7:20:43
8:31:32
9:10:46
9:16:53
9:24:27
9:35:07
9:42:32
11:22:40
11:32:38
11:40:42
11:44:57
11:58:37
13:59:37
7:29:29
7:39:07
7:49:52
8:10:31
8:18:31
9:53:38
10:02:32
10:10:42
10:17:47
10:25:44
10:36:02
12:56:07
13:04:29
13:13:03
13:20:39
13:24:25
8:12:56
8:21:56
8:29:34
8:36:39
8:44:07
10:57:29
11:05:58
11:14:57
11:22:30
11:30:05
11:37:08
13:10:59
13:21:20
13:28:24
13:38:35
13:45:26
7:55:59
Opacity
5.8
10.0
5.8
8.3
10.0
14.2
11.7
5.8
6.7
7.5
5.8
4.2
0.0
5.0
13.3
5.8
5.8
9.2
20.0
12.5
18.3
11.7
16.7
2.5
13.3
15.0
11.7
11.7
5.8
14.2
15.8
7.5
9.2
11.7
8.3
18.3
18.3
19.2
19.2
6.7
11.7
7.5
10.8
19.2
12.5
7.5
B-ll
-------
TABLE B-4. ACME STEEL (continued)
BATTERY 1
Date
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
Time
8:16:38
9:53:54
10:04:32
10:13:58
10:22:46
10:33:25
12:46:00
12:53:01
13:22:43
7:29:48
7:47:25
7:56:17
8:04:30
9:56:43
10:24:13
10:36:38
10:48:18
12:20:52
12:28:58
12:36:56
12:44:36
12:58:43
7:10:06
7:37:25
7:46:09
11:56:16
9:29:26
9:36:48
9:44:06
10:01:23
12:03:15
12:11:22
12:19:00
12:26:40
12:34:26
14:13:31
8:19:56
8:27:19
8:34:53
8:44:11
11:00:36
11:13:55
11:26:58
11:34:53
11:48:14
Oven
b!9
a2
a4
a21
a23
a25
b2
b4
b21
a!3
a!5
a!7
a!9
bll
b!7
b!9
b!3
a2
a4
a21
a23
a25
all
a!7
a!9
a2
bll
b!3
b!5
b!9
a2
a4
a21
a23
a25
b4
bl
b3
b5
b7
all
a!3
a!5
a!7
a!9
Opacity
9.2
6.7
12.5
13.3
5.8
5.0
6.7
12.5
11.7
7.5
11.7
14.2
10.8
6.7
8.3
1.7
8.3
6.7
5.8
3.3
7.5
4.2
4.2
5.0
5.8
5.8
7.5
10.0
8.3
3.3
7.5
9.2
7.5
12.5
3.3
4.2
4.2
5.8
5.0
3.3
4.2
5.8
5.0
4.2
9.2
BATTERY 2
Date
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
Oven
c!5
c!7
c!9
ell
d8
dll
d!3
d!5
d!7
d!9
c2
c4
c21
c23
c25
ell
c!3
c!5
c!7
c!9
d8
dll
d!3
d!5
d!7
d!9
c2
c4
c21
c23
c25
d8
dll
d!3
d!5
d!7
d!9
c2
c4
c21
c23
c25
ell
c!3
c!5
Time
8:04:00
8:12:36
8:23:52
8:33:09
10:18:40
10:28:45
10:36:19
10:45:34
10:54:07
11:01:27
13:21:58
13:28:28
13:36:01
13:44:07
13:50:24
7:43:51
7:50:34
7:57:12
8:03:47
8:12:13
10:32:30
10:39:11
10:45:54
10:52:57
11:01:33
11:09:42
13:13:53
13:20:52
13:31:56
13:42:03
13:51:16
10:11:47
10:21:08
10:28:34
10:36:50
10:44:30
10:31:34
12:42:23
12:50:35
13:39:08
13:47:58
13:55:40
7:47:35
7:56:33
8:03:33
Opacity
3.3
5.8
5.8
9.2
13.3
7.5
10.8
19.2
13.3
4.2
9.2
7.5
5.0
6.7
5.8
8.3
8.3
6.7
2.5
6.7
14.2
8.3
17.5
18.3
13.3
10.0
10.8
11.7
15.8
8.3
8.3
5.8
19.2
10.0
16.7
8.3
11.7
10.8
20.0
8.3
10.0
6.7
10.0
17.5
10.8
B-12
-------
TABLE B-4. ACME STEEL (continued)
BATTERY 1
Date
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/12/99
Time
13:42:47
13:58:22
7:06:54
7:22:56
7:31:20
9:37:16
9:46:44
9:56:34
10:05:51
10:15:58
11:39:55
11:48:45
11:58:32
12:08:02
12'22'42
9:30:20
7:29:55
7:34:01
7:41:57
7:50:20
9:36:40
9:44:30
11:33:30
11:41:53
11:49:39
12:08:24
9:10:27
10:45:54
10:53:12
11:07:42
11:14:58
12:46:03
13:01:10
13:08:50
8:56:04
9:05:30
9:18:01
9:30:48
9:44:58
11:28:50
11:47:54
11:57:25
12:08:07
12:18:06
7:27:55
Oven
bll
b!5
b!9
b22
b24
al
a3
a5
a7
a9
bl
b3
b5
b7
b9
al
a3
a5
a7
a9
bl
b3
all
a!5
a!7
a!3
a25
b2
b4
b23
b25
a6
alO
a!2
bll
b!3
b!5
b!7
b!9
a2
a21
a23
a25
a4
a!7
Opacity
9.2
11.7
4.2
4.2
6.7
7.5
5.0
4.2
5.8
5.0
1.7
5.0
10.0
7.5
9.2
5.8
9.2
6.7
4.2
5.8
4.2
5.0
5.8
4.2
7.5
6.7
5.8
10.0
10.0
5.8
10.0
3.3
10.8
10.0
7.5
9.2
6.7
5.8
5.0
4.2
6.7
3.3
5.8
6.7
8.3
BATTERY 2
Date
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
Oven
c!7
c!9
d8
dll
d!3
d!5
d!7
d!9
c9
dl
d3
d5
d7
d9
d8
ell
c!3
c!5
c!7
c!9
d22
d24
d8
cl
c3
c5
c7
c9
dl
d3
d5
d7
d!6
d20
d22
d24
c7
c3
c5
c9
dl
d3
d5
d7
d!6
Time
8:11:32
8:21:50
8:30:26
10:50:28
10:59:53
11:08:50
11:59:46
12:08:20
7:24:58
9:43:12
9:49:50
9:57:21
10:06:34
10:14:28
10:49:27
12:25:38
12:32:17
12:39:14
12:48:15
12:56:00
7:24:47
7:32:13
9:38:45
9:53:08
10:00:43
10:10:54
10:30:25
10:39:45
12:36:54
12:48:36
12:58:36
13:07:58
7:38:35
8:22:02
8:38:04
8:46:36
10:26:22
11:06:39
11:15:00
11:30:00
12:30:33
13:18:44
13:27:05
13:44:06
7:26:10
Opacity
16.7
8.3
20.0
18.3
15.0
19.2
13.3
10.8
6.7
9.2
10.0
3.3
8.3
5.0
12.5
16.7
9.2
3.3
15.0
0.0
19.2
12.5
9.2
6.7
7.5
8.3
7.5
5.8
6.7
5.0
5.8
7.5
13.3
14.2
20.0
14.2
19.2
7.5
10.0
19.2
15.0
9.2
8.3
20.0
7.5
B-13
-------
TABLE B-4. ACME STEEL (continued)
BATTERY 1
Date
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/12/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/14/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/16/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
Time
7:35:57
8:26:38
8:37:12
8:46:45
10:15:12
10:24:22
11:24:34
11:34:56
11:45:02
11:52:39
12:00:12
7:40:03
9:35:03
9:43:12
9:51:18
9:59:12
10:41:21
12:33:53
12:58:19
13:18:15
13:36:08
13:52:14
8:13:35
8:22:20
8:31:52
8:40:03
8:47:48
11:20:21
11:28:50
11:36:06
11:44:42
11:52:38
13:46:55
13:54:30
13:50:58
7:19:15
8:33:59
8:41:35
8:49:12
8:56:47
9:04:47
10:32:49
10:40:53
10:48:10
10:56:15
Oven
a!9
bll
b!3
b!5
b!7
b!9
a2
a4
a21
a23
a25
a!9
bll
b!3
b!5
b!7
b!9
a2
a4
a21
a23
a25
al
a3
a5
a7
a9
bl
b3
b5
b7
b9
all
a!3
bll
b9
all
a!3
a!5
a!7
a!9
bll
b!3
b!5
b!7
Opacity
9.2
5.0
7.5
8.3
7.5
6.7
8.3
5.0
7.5
5.8
6.7
5.8
5.8
5.8
4.2
2.5
5.8
8.3
11.7
8.3
9.2
12.5
6.7
5.8
6.7
6.7
7.5
6.7
5.0
6.7
7.5
9.2
5.8
8.3
5.0
8.3
5.8
11.7
5.0
6.7
5.0
8.3
7.5
9.2
12.5
BATTERY 2
Date
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
Oven
d!8
d20
d8
d22
d24
cl
c3
c5
c7
c9
dl
d3
d7
d9
d5
cl
c5
c7
c9
c3
dl
d5
d7
d9
d3
ell
c!3
c!7
c!9
c!5
dl
d3
d5
d7
d9
ell
c!3
c!5
c!7
c!9
c2
c4
c21
c23
dll
Time
7:33:12
7:40:19
7:53:57
8:03:43
8:17:39
10:38:33
10:51:01
11:02:09
11:13:23
11:22:02
11:20:36
12:31:20
12:42:21
12:52:49
13:12:13
8:01:29
8:10:31
8:19:23
8:27:10
8:36:02
10:21:24
10:29:55
10:40:12
10:47:45
10:57:53
12:54:32
13:04:08
13:13:58
13:22:35
13:32:16
7:27:17
7:35:17
7:42:18
7:49:23
7:56:46
9:13:53
9:21:55
9:29:59
9:38:28
9:46:22
13:33:17
13:40:31
13:47:58
13:54:44
7:32:41
Opacity
18.3
17.5
3.3
13.3
15.8
9.2
7.5
9.2
7.5
17.5
18.3
17.5
20.0
10.8
7.5
4.2
3.3
15.8
19.2
5.0
19.2
10.8
8.3
13.3
10.0
6.7
11.7
7.5
5.0
3.3
19.2
19.2
15.8
17.5
5.8
10.0
14.2
5.8
19.2
4.2
20.0
5.8
8.3
6.7
10.0
B-14
-------
TABLE B-4. ACME STEEL (continued)
BATTERY 1
Date Time Oven Opacity
3/20/99 11:04:39 b!9 5.8
3/20/99 12:52:21 a2 10.0
3/20/99 13:01:09 a4 7.5
3/20/99 13:09:36 a21 5.8
3/20/99 13:17:31 a23 3.3
3/20/99 13:24:50 a25 3.3
BATTERY 2
Date
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
3/21/99
Oven
d!3
d!5
d!7
d!9
c2
c4
c21
c23
c25
d2
d4
d21
d23
d25
c6
c8
clO
c!2
c!4
Time
7:40:23
7:46:55
7:53:27
8:00:41
9:25:04
9:32:26
9:38:58
9:45:34
9:52:31
11:23:22
11:30:32
11:39:00
11:45:17
11:51:55
13:28:03
13:35:54
13:43:19
13:50:43
13:58:17
Opacity
10.0
8.3
15.8
7.5
5.8
7.5
10.0
9.2
18.3
2.5
7.5
3.3
4.2
5.0
5.8
5.0
9.2
12.5
11.7
B-15
-------
Date
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
3/11/99
TABLE
Oven
52
72
82
64
74
84
6
16
26
28
38
48
58
68
78
18
28
38
48
58
1
21
31
41
21
31
41
61
71
81
o
5
23
53
73
83
5
15
25
33
43
45
55
65
75
7
B-5. AK
Time
8:38
9:03
9:20
11:33
11:46
12:03
12:18
12:30
12:41
14:32
14:43
14:52
15:05
15:18
15:30
9:53
10:03
10:12
10:21
10:34
11:58
12:21
12:31
12:39
8:34
8:45
8:57
9:22
9:34
9:46
9:58
11:16
11:26
11:55
12:06
12:19
12:30
12:40
12:51
13:16
13:27
9:04
9:14
9:24
9:36
STEEL
Average opacity
10.8
16.7
16.7
21.7
16.7
15.0
19.0
12.5
17.5
25.0
13.3
20.8
22.5
10.0
13.3
24.2
25.0
10.8
18.3
25.8
17.5
11.7
9.2
15.8
12.5
11.7
10.0
17.5
15.8
10.0
9.2
9.2
15.0
18.3
11.7
15.8
12.5
18.3
19.2
15.8
20.8
7.5
20.8
18.3
18.3
B-16
-------
TABLE B-6. NATIONAL, ECORSE
Date
6/8/99
6/22/99
7/6/99
7/20/99
8/3/99
8/17/99
Oven
81
83
85
2
4
6
8
10
18
20
22
24
26
48
50
52
2
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
1
59
61
63
65
67
69
71
73
2
4
6
8
Average Opacity
5.8
0.0
2.5
2.0
4.2
0.8
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.0
7.5
4.2
10.0
13.3
3.3
6.7
3.3
3.3
0.0
0.0
0.8
4.2
1.7
1.7
0.0
1.7
0.8
0.8
0.0
0.0
4.2
0.8
1.7
0.8
2.5
0.0
2.5
0.8
B-17
-------
TABLE B-6. NATIONAL, ECORSE (continued)
Date Oven Average Opacity
8/31/99
9/14/99
9/30/99
10/19/99
11/2/99
10
12
22
24
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
55
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
51
53
57
59
61
63
65
1
o
J
5
1
9
11
13
15
53
3.3
3.3
2.5
3.3
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
2.5
0.8
1.7
1.7
3.3
3.3
3.3
5.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.7
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
11/16/99
B-18
-------
TABLE B-6. NATIONAL, ECORSE (continued)
Date Oven Average Opacity
55 0.0
57 0.0
59 0.0
61 0.0
63 0.0
65 0.8
67 0.0
12/1/99 2 4.2
4 0.8
6 0.0
10 0.0
12 0.0
14 0.0
16 0.0
B-19
-------
Date Oven
10/01/98 A-20
B-20
C-20
10/02/98 A-15
B-15
C-15
10/03/98 B-14
C-14
A-16
10/04/98 C-15
A-17
B-17
10/05/98 B-4
C-4
B-6
10/06/98 B-l
C-l
A-3
10/07/98 C-20
A-22
B-22
10/08/98 B-22
C-22
A-24
10/09/98 C-12
A-14
B-14
10/10/98 A-16
B-16
C-16
10/11/98 B-13
C-13
A-15
10/12/98 A-8
B-8
C-8
10/13/98 B-3
C-3
A-5
10/14/98 A-27
B-27
C-27
10/15/98 B-22
TABLE B-7. LTV,
Average
Opacity
7.5
10.8
12.0
14.2
8.3
9.0
8.3
18.0
12.5
9.0
14.2
9.2
10.0
17.0
7.5
10.8
8.0
8.3
14.0
7.5
12.5
15.8
12.0
12.5
13.0
9.2
14.2
6.7
12.5
9.0
15.0
9.0
12.5
12.5
6.7
14.0
10.0
9.0
17.5
12.5
15.0
9.0
15.8
WARREN, OH
Date Oven Average
Opacity
01/01/99 b-15
c-15
a-17
01/02/99 C-2
A-4
B-4
01/03/99 C-26
A-28
B-28
01/04/99 C-21
A-23
B-23
01/05/99 A-20
B-20
C-20
01/06/99 C-15
A-17
B-17
01/07/99 B-18
C-18
A-20
01/08/99 A-ll
B-ll
C-ll
01/09/99 A-24
B-24
C-24
01/10/99 B-l
C-l
A-3
01/11/99 A-27
C-27
A-29
01/12/99 C-22
A-24
B-24
01/13/99 A-21
C-21
A-23
01/14/99 A-22
B-22
C-22
01/15/99 B-2
15.8
18.0
12.5
12.0
10.8
7.5
14.0
6.7
10.0
17.0
7.5
11.7
7.5
11.7
12.0
10.0
10.0
14.2
0.0
8.0
19.2
13.3
7.5
14.0
7.5
11.7
6.0
14.2
12.0
10.0
12.5
7.0
10.0
10.0
6.7
10.8
9.2
11.0
10.0
10.8
12.0
3.8
4.0
Date Oven
06/01/99 C-ll
A-13
B-13
06/02/99 B-8
C-8
A-10
06/03/99 B-9
C-9
A-ll
06/04/99 A-16
B-16
C-16
06/05/99 C-3
A-5
B-5
06/06/99 A-27
B-27
C-27
06/07/99 B-20
C-20
A-22
06/08/99 B-15
B-17
B-16
06/09/99 B-8
A-10
B-10
06/10/99 A-7
B-7
A-9
06/11/99 B-12
C-12
A-14
06/12/99 B-5
C-5
A-7
06/13/99 B-10
C-10
A-12
06/14/99 C-26
A-26
B-26
06/15/99 C-25
Average
Opacity
16.0
10.8
10.0
12.5
14.0
15.8
11.7
8.0
5.0
11.7
6.7
15.0
14.0
7.5
14.2
12.5
7.5
7.0
3.0
3.0
4.2
6.7
3.3
17.5
8.3
5.0
10.8
11.7
4.2
8.3
5.0
13.0
7.5
7.5
12.0
6.7
18.3
15.0
11.7
33.8
16.7
12.0
10.0
B-20
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
Oven
C-22
A-24
B-23
C-23
A-25
A-18
B-18
C-18
A-17
B-17
C-17
C-10
A-12
B-12
A-7
B-7
C-7
A-4
B-4
C-4
B-26
C-26
A-28
A-25
B-25
C-25
A-20
B-20
C-20
A-23
B-23
C-23
C-10
A-14
B-14
A-9
B-9
C-9
A-6
B-6
C-6
A-5
B-5
Average
Opacity
11.0
7.5
13.3
12.0
7.5
14.2
7.5
15.0
11.7
6.7
11.0
10.0
15.8
10.8
10.8
7.5
16.0
12.5
7.5
8.0
8.3
16.0
12.5
15.0
6.7
9.0
10.8
6.7
9.0
14.2
6.7
14.0
16.0
15.8
8.3
5.8
15.0
13.0
10.0
15.8
15.0
12.5
10.0
Date
01/16/99
01/17/99
01/18/99
01/19/99
01/20/99
01/21/99
01/22/99
01/23/99
01/24/99
01/25/99
01/26/99
01/27/99
01/28/99
01/29/99
Oven
C-2
A-4
C-8
A-10
B-10
C-13
A-15
B-15
A-2
B-2
C-2
B-28
A-l
B-l
C-23
A-25
B-25
C-20
A-22
B-22
B-15
C-15
A-17
A-14
B-14
C-14
B-ll
C-ll
A-13
C-4
A-6
B-6
A-3
B-3
C-3
B-27
C-27
A-29
A-15
B-15
C-15
C-19
A-21
Average
Opacity
1.3
5.8
9.0
5.0
14.2
14.0
7.5
12.5
10.0
16.7
14.0
17.5
14.2
15.8
13.0
16.7
17.5
16.0
10.8
15.0
12.0
18.0
13.3
12.5
10.8
16.0
9.2
18.0
10.0
15.0
14.2
9.2
9.2
17.5
9.0
14.2
18.0
11.7
15.0
9.2
13.0
16.0
10.0
Date
06/16/99
06/17/99
06/18/99
06/19/99
06/20/99
06/21/99
06/22/99
06/23/99
06/24/99
06/25/99
06/26/99
06/27/99
06/28/99
06/29/99
Oven
A-25
B-25
B-18
C-18
A-20
A-ll
B-ll
C-ll
A-12
B-12
C-12
A-ll
B-ll
C-ll
C-8
A-10
B-10
B-3
C-3
A-5
C-2
A-4
B-4
C-17
A-19
B-19
C-19
A-21
B-21
B-20
C-20
A-22
C-17
A-19
B-19
A-16
B-16
C-16
A-7
B-7
C-7
C-10
A-12
Average
Opacity
5.0
10.8
8.3
9.0
11.7
12.5
10.0
8.0
10.0
12.5
10.0
10.8
7.5
11.0
10.0
13.3
10.8
6.0
5.0
10.0
12.0
12.5
8.3
13.0
14.2
9.2
11.3
7.0
15.0
11.7
10.0
15.0
11.0
14.2
8.3
12.5
9.2
14.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
15.0
10.0
B-21
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/01/98
11/02/98
11/03/98
11/04/98
11/05/98
11/06/98
11/07/98
11/08/98
11/09/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
Oven
C-5
B-29
A-2
B-2
A-l
B-l
C-l
B-23
C-23
A-25
C-20
A-22
B-22
A-15
A-17
B-17
B-14
A-13
C-14
B-ll
C-ll
A-13
A-8
B-8
C-8
A-3
B-3
C-3
C-27
A-29
B-29
A-24
B-24
C-24
A-21
B-21
C-21
A-ll
B-ll
C-ll
A-21
B-21
C-21
Average
Opacity
8.0
10.0
9.2
13.3
14.2
8.3
8.0
10.0
6.0
14.2
14.0
15.0
9.2
12.5
7.5
12.5
7.5
11.7
11.0
14.2
12.0
15.0
10.8
11.7
9.0
14.2
7.5
16.0
12.0
7.5
10.8
7.5
11.7
6.0
15.0
7.5
23.0
10.0
8.3
12.0
7.5
7.5
10.0
Date
01/30/99
01/31/99
02/01/99
02/02/99
02/03/99
02/04/99
02/05/99
02/06/99
02/07/99
02/08/99
02/09/99
02/10/99
02/11/99
02/12/99
Oven
B-21
C-16
A-18
B-18
B-13
C-13
A-15
B-10
C-10
A-12
A-5
B-5
C-5
B-29
A-2
B-2
C-3
A-l
B-l
A-25
B-25
C-25
A-22
B-22
C-22
A-25
B-25
C-25
A-14
B-14
C-14
C-9
A-ll
B-ll
C-6
A-8
B-8
B-3
C-3
A-5
A-25
B-25
C-25
Average
Opacity
7.5
13.0
7.5
10.0
7.5
19.0
12.5
11.7
15.0
10.0
13.3
10.0
18.0
8.3
6.7
10.0
4.2
5.0
6.0
11.7
7.5
12.0
7.5
11.7
6.0
7.5
6.7
13.0
10.0
15.0
13.0
9.0
11.7
8.3
8.0
10.8
7.5
12.5
8.0
10.0
6.0
2.0
2.5
Date
06/30/99
07/01/99
07/02/99
07/03/99
07/04/99
07/05/99
07/06/99
07/07/99
07/08/99
07/09/99
07/10/99
07/11/99
07/12/99
07/13/99
Oven
B-12
C-5
B-26
C-26
A-27
B-27
C-27
C-18
A-20
B-20
B-27
C-27
A-29
B-12
C-12
A-14
A-17
B-17
C-17
A-4
B-4
A-6
A-9
B-9
C-9
C-25
A-27
B-27
C-27
B-22
C-22
A-17
B-17
A-19
A-18
B-18
C-18
C-13
A-15
B-15
A-10
B-10
C-10
Average
Opacity
6.7
12.0
11.7
6.0
10.0
5.8
6.0
7.0
8.3
12.5
5.8
11.0
6.7
7.5
6.0
12.5
14.2
10.8
12.0
9.2
5.8
10.8
13.3
5.0
14.0
7.0
7.0
11.0
14.0
6.7
11.0
10.0
6.7
11.7
12.5
5.8
14.0
10.0
12.5
7.5
20.0
8.3
13.0
B-22
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
Date Oven
11/13/98 A-6
B-6
C-6
11/14/98 A-9
B-9
C-9
11/15/98 A-12
B-12
C-12
11/16/98 B-26
C-26
A-28
11/17/98 C-23
A-25
B-25
11/18/98 B-18
C-17
A-20
11/19/98 C-15
A-17
B-17
11/20/98 A-7
B-7
C-7
11/21/98 A-ll
B-ll
C-ll
11/22/98 B-6
C-6
A-8
11/23/98 B-l
C-l
A-3
11/24/98 B-25
C-25
C-27
11/25/98 A-20
B-20
C-20
11/26/98 B-15
C-15
A-17
11/27/98 A-7
Average
Opacity
13.3
10.8
15.0
14.2
10.0
11.0
10.0
15.8
13.0
15.8
17.0
18.3
16.0
11.7
13.3
13.3
13.0
10.8
15.0
13.3
10.8
10.8
7.5
16.0
13.3
7.5
10.0
10.8
14.0
6.7
10.8
17.0
10.8
11.7
9.0
13.0
13.3
7.5
10.0
20.0
7.5
5.8
15.0
Date Oven
02/13/99 B-24
C-24
A-26
02/14/99 B-23
C-23
A-25
02/15/99 B-20
C-20
A-22
02/16/99 C-2
A-4
B-4
02/17/99 A-8
B-8
C-8
02/18/99 A-3
B-3
C-3
02/19/99 B-26
C-26
A-28
02/20/99 C-9
A-ll
B-ll
02/21/99 C-21
A-23
B-23
02/22/99 A-26
B-26
C-26
02/23/99 B-4
C-4
C-6
02/24/99 B-10
C-10
A-12
02/25/99 B-6
C-6
A-8
02/26/99 A-6
B-6
C-6
02/27/99 C-3
Average
Opacity
12.5
9.0
9.2
7.5
14.0
7.5
7.5
13.0
12.5
16.0
11.7
6.7
0.8
7.0
4.0
13.3
6.7
9.0
8.3
7.0
11.7
3.0
2.5
7.0
6.0
6.7
10.8
6.0
4.0
2.5
13.0
17.0
13.0
11.7
9.0
15.8
6.7
10.0
8.3
12.5
8.3
10.0
16.0
Date Oven
07/14/99 A-7
B-7
C-7
07/15/99 B-27
A-29
B-29
07/16/99 C-l
A-3
B-3
07/17/99 B-24
C-24
A-26
07/18/99 C-24
A-26
B-26
07/19/99 B-23
C-23
A-25
07/20/99 A- 18
B-18
C-18
07/21/99 B-17
C-17
A-19
07/22/99 C-8
A-10
B-10
07/23/99 B-9
B-3
C-5
07/24/99 B-16
C-16
A-18
07/25/99 C-5
A-7
B-7
07/26/99 B-23
C-23
A-25
07/27/99 B-28
A-l
B-l
07/28/99 A-19
Average
Opacity
16.7
6.7
14.0
8.3
16.7
11.7
8.0
11.7
6.7
14.2
20.0
7.5
15.0
6.7
15.0
11.7
8.0
15.0
6.7
6.0
11.3
7.5
15.0
10.0
14.0
6.7
5.8
11.0
4.0
9.0
12.5
9.0
10.8
15.0
7.5
13.3
6.7
14.0
6.7
16.7
7.5
11.7
12.5
B-23
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/01/98
12/02/98
12/03/98
12/04/98
12/05/98
12/06/98
12/07/98
12/08/98
12/09/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
Oven
B-7
C-7
A-13
B-13
C-13
A-10
B-10
C-10
A-5
B-5
C-5
A-2
B-2
C-2
B-24
C-24
C-26
A-21
B-21
C-21
C-16
A-18
B-18
B-15
C-17
A-17
A-12
B-12
C-12
A-29
B-29
A-2
B-4
C-4
A-6
B-28
A-l
B-l
C-23
A-25
B-25
C-22
A-24
Average
Opacity
10.0
12.0
8.3
10.8
13.0
13.3
7.5
12.0
16.7
12.5
12.0
7.5
11.7
11.0
8.3
13.0
11.0
14.2
9.2
13.0
9.0
17.5
8.3
10.8
15.0
10.0
14.2
9.2
14.0
13.3
10.0
15.0
7.5
16.0
10.8
10.0
10.0
7.5
11.0
15.8
8.3
12.0
15.0
Date
02/28/99
03/01/99
03/02/99
03/03/99
03/04/99
03/05/99
03/06/99
03/07/99
03/08/99
03/09/99
03/10/99
03/11/99
03/12/99
03/13/99
Oven
A-5
B-5
B-2
C-2
A-4
B-5
C-5
A-7
B-21
C-21
A-23
B-16
C-16
A-18
C-19
A-21
B-21
A-10
B-10
C-10
B-7
C-7
A-9
A-6
B-6
C-6
C-19
A-21
B-21
B-18
C-18
A-20
B-23
C-23
A-25
A-15
B-15
C-15
C-10
A-12
B-12
C-15
A-17
Average
Opacity
9.2
15.0
10.8
16.0
7.5
2.0
2.0
5.0
10.8
9.0
3.3
7.5
15.0
15.0
15.0
0.8
6.0
14.2
9.2
14.0
11.7
5.0
8.3
9.2
10.0
9.0
17.0
12.5
11.0
13.0
19.0
6.0
13.3
10.0
10.8
11.7
6.7
16.0
13.0
6.7
9.2
9.0
15.0
Date
07/29/99
07/30/99
07/31/99
08/01/99
08/02/99
08/03/99
08/04/99
08/05/99
08/06/99
08/07/99
08/08/99
08/09/99
08/10/99
08/11/99
Oven
B-19
C-19
C-12
A-14
B-14
C-23
A-25
B-25
B-6
C-6
A-8
B-l
C-l
A-3
C-27
A-29
B-29
A-28
B-28
A-l
A-6
B-6
C-6
C-20
C-24
A-22
A-19
B-19
C-19
A-16
B-16
C-16
A-15
B-15
C-15
B-10
C-10
A-12
A-25
B-25
C-25
A-2
B-25
Average
Opacity
7.5
12.0
14.0
10.0
11.7
9.0
15.0
11.7
13.3
15.0
9.2
11.7
9.0
10.8
12.0
7.5
10.8
6.7
10.0
6.7
11.7
15.0
15.0
13.0
16.0
11.7
10.8
5.0
13.0
11.7
6.7
10.0
14.2
5.8
13.0
15.8
8.0
12.5
7.5
15.8
12.0
18.3
9.2
B-24
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
Oven
B-24
A-21
B-21
C-21
C-14
A-16
B-16
C-13
A-15
B-15
B-26
C-26
A-28
B-5
C-5
A-7
A-2
B-2
C-2
C-26
A-28
B-28
A-23
B-23
C-23
C-18
A-20
B-20
A-15
B-15
A-17
A-12
B-12
C-12
C-7
A-9
B-9
B-4
C-4
A-6
C-24
A-26
B-26
Average
Opacity
11.7
11.7
9.2
12.0
12.0
7.5
11.7
14.0
6.7
9.2
13.3
9.0
12.5
12.5
6.0
13.3
15.8
10.0
14.0
10.0
12.5
10.8
10.0
12.5
9.0
13.0
15.8
10.8
13.3
10.8
15.0
10.0
7.5
15.0
16.0
10.8
10.8
14.2
12.0
8.3
16.0
15.8
15.0
Date
03/14/99
03/15/99
03/16/99
03/17/99
03/18/99
03/19/99
03/20/99
03/21/99
03/22/99
03/23/99
03/24/99
03/25/99
03/26/99
03/27/99
Oven
B-17
B-8
C-8
A-10
B-l
C-l
A-3
A-4
B-4
C-4
A-24
B-24
C-24
A-18
B-18
C-18
C-18
A-20
B-20
B-15
C-15
A-17
A-18
B-18
C-18
B-7
C-7
A-9
B-29
A-4
B-4
B-l
C-l
A-3
A-23
B-23
C-23
C-18
A-20
B-20
C-21
A-23
B-23
Average
Opacity
12.5
15.0
9.0
9.2
2.0
3.0
3.3
13.3
10.8
15.0
10.0
15.0
10.0
14.2
10.8
15.0
10.0
13.3
7.5
7.5
6.0
12.5
15.0
8.3
12.0
4.0
3.0
2.5
10.0
7.5
12.5
5.8
10.0
10.8
11.7
9.2
10.0
8.0
14.2
10.0
13.0
12.5
7.5
Date
08/12/99
08/13/99
08/14/99
08/15/99
08/16/99
08/17/99
08/18/99
08/19/99
08/20/99
08/21/99
08/22/99
08/23/99
08/24/99
08/25/99
Oven
C-25
A-24
B-24
C-24
C-ll
B-19
C-19
A-20
B-20
C-20
B-10
C-10
A-12
B-14
C-14
A-16
C-ll
A-13
B-13
B-2
C-2
A-4
B-28
C-24
C-26
B-8
C-8
A-10
A-20
B-20
C-20
A-21
B-21
C-21
B-18
C-18
A-20
C-8
A-10
B-10
C-10
B-12
C-12
Average
Opacity
13.0
5.0
11.0
12.5
13.0
12.5
9.0
8.3
10.8
10.0
10.0
9.0
5.0
9.2
10.0
11.7
11.0
7.5
13.3
6.0
17.0
9.2
16.0
8.0
16.3
8.3
16.0
9.2
10.8
5.8
13.0
7.5
15.8
9.0
15.0
15.0
7.5
12.0
17.5
18.3
14.0
15.0
9.0
B-25
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
Date Oven
12/26/98 A-25
B-25
C-25
12/27/98 A-22
B-22
C-22
12/28/98 A-21
B-21
C-21
12/29/98 B-18
C-18
A-20
12/30/98 C-ll
A-13
B-13
12/31/98 C-24
A-26
B-26
Average
Opacity
10.8
15.8
13.0
9.2
8.3
16.0
10.8
15.8
12.0
14.2
12.0
10.0
16.0
7.5
11.7
9.0
15.8
10.8
Date Oven
03/28/99 B-14
C-14
A-16
03/29/99 C-9
A-ll
B-ll
03/30/99 C-6
A-8
B-8
03/31/99 A-2
B-2
C-2
04/01/99 C-27
A-29
B-29
04/02/99 A-28
B-28
A-l
04/03/99 C-23
A-25
B-25
04/04/99 A-18
B-18
C-18
04/05/99 C-13
A-15
B-15
04/06/99 B-14
C-14
A-16
04/07/99 C-2
B-4
C-4
04/08/99 A-2
B-2
C-2
04/09/99 C-7
A-9
B-9
04/10/99 B-27
C-27
A-29
04/11/99 C-24
Average
Opacity
5.0
2.5
6.0
11.0
5.8
6.0
9.0
13.3
9.2
15.0
9.2
15.0
11.3
5.0
7.0
13.3
12.5
6.7
12.0
16.7
9.2
15.0
7.5
13.0
15.0
5.0
5.0
14.2
9.0
12.5
17.0
10.0
15.0
8.3
5.0
10.0
13.0
15.8
7.5
6.7
12.0
12.5
11.0
Date Oven
08/26/99 A-5
B-5
C-5
08/27/99 A-27
B-27
C-27
08/28/99 A-3
B-3
C-3
08/29/99 A-25
B-25
C-25
08/30/99 C-16
A-18
B-18
08/31/99 B-15
C-15
A-17
09/01/99 A-16
B-16
C-16
09/02/99 B-9
C-9
A-ll
09/03/99 C-8
A-10
B-10
09/04/99 A-3
B-3
C-3
09/05/99 A-29
B-29
A-2
09/06/99 B-26
C-26
A-28
09/07/99 C-21
A-23
B-23
09/08/99 A-16
B-16
C-16
09/09/99 B-13
Average
Opacity
13.3
19.2
13.0
14.2
7.5
11.0
5.8
10.8
12.0
10.8
10.8
9.0
13.0
8.3
8.0
11.0
8.0
5.8
15.8
7.5
13.0
11.0
12.0
7.5
12.0
14.2
10.8
14.2
9.2
16.0
8.3
15.8
11.7
8.3
14.0
7.5
8.8
8.3
9.0
11.7
8.3
6.0
14.2
B-26
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
Date
Oven Average
Opacity
Date Oven
A-26
B-26
04/12/99 C-17
A-19
B-19
04/13/99 B-14
C-14
B-16
04/14/99 A-9
B-9
C-9
04/15/99 C-24
A-26
B-26
04/16/99 A-l
B-l
C-l
04/17/99 C-27
A-29
B-29
04/18/99 C-24
A-26
B-26
04/19/99 A-19
B-19
C-19
04/20/99 C-18
A-20
B-20
04/21/99 C-23
A-25
B-25
04/22/99 B-8
C-8
A-10
04/23/99 B-7
C-7
A-9
04/24/99 B-6
C-6
A-8
04/25/99 A-7
B-7
Average
Opacity
14.2
7.5
8.0
10.0
7.5
10.0
6.0
12.5
14.2
8.3
13.0
12.0
15.8
13.3
14.2
11.7
13.0
13.0
7.5
13.3
16.0
7.5
7.5
9.2
9.0
12.5
10.0
15.0
12.5
16.0
15.8
10.0
15.8
16.0
12.5
10.0
8.0
11.7
10.8
9.0
13.3
10.0
10.8
Date Oven
C-13
B-15
09/10/99 A-12
B-12
C-12
09/11/99 B-9
C-9
A-ll
09/12/99 C-4
A-6
B-6
09/13/99 A-l
B-l
C-l
09/14/99 C-16
A-18
B-18
09/15/99 B-18
C-18
A-20
09/16/99 C-19
A-21
B-21
09/17/99 C-16
A-18
B-18
09/18/99 A- 13
B-13
C-13
09/19/99 B-10
C-10
A-12
09/20/99 B-3
C-3
A-5
09/21/99 C-25
B-27
C-27
09/22/99 A-19
B-19
C-19
09/23/99 B-19
C-19
Average
Opacity
11.0
5.8
8.3
6.7
11.0
10.0
12.0
14.2
14.0
14.2
7.5
8.3
12.5
13.0
15.0
14.2
7.5
12.5
8.0
10.8
9.0
10.8
8.3
17.0
10.8
7.5
10.8
5.8
12.0
15.0
12.0
11.7
10.0
15.0
13.3
13.0
7.5
9.0
11.7
5.8
9.0
7.5
14.0
B-27
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
Date
Oven Average
Opacity
Date Oven
C-7
04/26/99 C-23
A-25
B-25
04/27/99 B-20
C-20
A-22
04/28/99 B-17
C-17
A-19
04/29/99 A-18
B-18
C-18
04/30/99 B-ll
C-ll
A-13
05/01/99 A-12
B-12
C-12
05/02/99 B-18
A-17
B-17
05/03/99 A-2
B-18
B-2
05/04/99 A-3
B-3
C-3
05/05/99 B-21
C-21
A-23
05/06/99 B-20
C-20
A-22
05/07/99 B-15
C-15
A-17
05/08/99 A-18
B-18
C-18
05/09/99 A-ll
B-ll
C-ll
Average
Opacity
12.0
13.0
14.2
8.3
10.8
7.0
11.7
14.2
8.0
8.3
10.8
15.8
14.0
5.0
9.0
10.0
13.3
7.5
12.0
15.8
13.3
8.3
4.2
6.0
10.0
9.2
14.2
8.0
15.8
6.0
11.7
7.5
14.0
8.3
6.7
13.0
9.2
12.5
5.8
12.0
5.8
14.2
8.0
Date Oven
A-21
09/24/99 B-18
C-18
A-20
09/25/99 C-13
A-15
B-15
09/26/99 C-16
A-18
B-18
09/27/99 B-15
C-15
A-17
09/28/99 B-6
A-8
B-8
09/29/99 A-28
B-28
A-l
09/30/99 C-4
10/01/99 A-22
B-22
C-22
10/02/99 C-23
A-25
B-25
10/03/99 C-18
A-20
B-20
10/04/99 B-6
C-6
A-8
10/05/99 C-4
A-6
B-6
10/06/99 C-25
A-27
B-27
10/07/99 C-25
A-27
B-27
Average
Opacity
11.7
12.5
14.0
7.5
7.0
8.3
15.0
12.0
15.8
12.5
19.0
14.0
16.0
10.0
14.2
8.3
12.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
11.7
15.0
15.0
6.0
15.8
7.5
12.5
10.0
13.0
10.8
13.0
5.8
6.0
13.3
9.2
2.5
4.0
9.0
16.0
10.8
12.5
B-28
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
Date
Oven Average
Opacity
Date Oven
05/10/99 B-18
C-18
A-20
05/11/99 C-9
A-ll
B-ll
05/12/99 C-2
A-4
B-4
05/13/99 B-26
C-26
A-28
05/14/99 A-23
B-23
C-23
05/15/99 B-20
C-20
A-22
05/16/99 B-ll
C-ll
A-13
05/27/99 B-29
A-2
B-2
05/28/99 C-25
A-27
B-27
05/29/99 B-5
C-5
A-7
05/30/99 B-23
C-23
A-25
05/31/99 B-28
A-l
B-l
Average
Opacity
14.2
12.0
11.7
27.0
10.8
7.0
13.0
15.8
7.5
8.3
7.0
4.2
5.0
6.7
13.0
12.5
6.0
8.3
7.5
6.0
14.2
12.0
5.0
6.0
15.0
18.3
10.8
14.2
10.0
6.7
5.0
9.0
10.0
10.0
16.7
10.8
Date Oven
10/08/99 A-26
B-26
C-26
10/09/99 B-2
C-2
A-4
10/10/99 B-24
C-24
A-26
10/11/99 A-19
B-19
C-19
10/12/99 A-10
B-10
C-10
10/13/99 A-7
B-7
C-7
10/14/99 C-5
A-4
B-4
10/15/99 A-28
B-28
A-l
10/16/99 C-25
A-27
B-27
10/17/99 A-26
B-26
C-26
10/18/99 A-15
B-15
C-15
10/19/99 A-14
B-14
C-14
10/20/99 B-6
C-6
A-8
10/21/99 C-26
A-28
B-28
10/22/99 A-13
Average
Opacity
12.5
11.7
13.0
11.7
18.0
12.5
15.0
20.0
12.0
8.3
10.8
9.0
10.8
15.0
17.0
14.2
16.7
14.0
15.0
7.5
12.5
14.2
10.8
10.0
15.0
15.0
10.0
16.0
15.0
13.8
9.2
10.0
5.0
13.0
14.0
17.5
4.0
9.0
5.0
8.8
14.0
8.0
6.7
B-29
-------
TABLE B-7. LTV, WARREN, OH (continued)
Date Oven Average
Opacity
Date Oven Average
Opacity
Date
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
Oven
B-13
C-13
B-2
C-2
A-4
A-28
B-28
A-l
C-4
A-6
B-6
A-20
B-20
C-20
C-23
A-25
B-25
B-12
C-12
A-14
C-13
A-15
B-15
A-6
B-6
C-6
B-23
C-23
A-25
Average
Opacity
5.0
10.0
10.0
20.0
10.0
12.0
2.0
5.0
11.3
16.7
10.0
16.7
18.0
20.0
10.0
9.0
6.0
17.0
14.0
12.5
21.0
13.3
13.0
5.0
7.0
13.0
11.0
11.3
6.0
B-30
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO
Date Opacity
1/1/98 8.33
9.17
12.5
17.5
1/3/98 11.67
15
13.33
11.67
1/4/98 11.67
12.5
12.5
15.83
1/5/98 11.67
10
11.67
18.33
1/9/98 6.67
8.33
5
5
1/10/98 10
0.83
1.75
8.33
1/11/98 7.5
10
6.67
8.33
1/12/98 15.83
14.17
15.83
18.33
1/16/98 18.33
14.17
18.33
13.33
1/17/98 7.5
9.17
9.17
14.17
1/18/98 10.83
15
19.17
10.83
1/19/98 10
11.67
19.17
11.67
Date Opacity
6/1/98 2.5
5
4.17
5.83
6/2/98 5.83
5.83
6.67
7.5
6/4/98 5
6.67
5
9.17
6/5/98 5.83
3.33
7.5
4.17
6/7/98 9.17
10
6.67
7.5
6/9/98 15.83
9.17
7.5
10
6/10/98 9.17
5
5.83
10
6/11/98 10
12.5
9.17
10.83
6/12/98 4.17
o o o
3.33
3.33
2.5
6/16/98 7.5
6.67
16.67
8.33
6/17/98 7.5
11.67
13.33
6/18/98 5
5
6.67
5
6/19/98 6.67
Date Opacity
12/1/98 13.33
13.33
10
13.33
12/2/98 5.83
12.5
12.5
12.5
12/4/98 8.33
9.17
7.5
5
12/7/98 5.83
4.17
9.17
12.5
12/8/98 14.17
7.5
15.83
10
12/9/98 13.33
15.83
10
11.67
12/10/98 10
7.5
7.5
6.67
12/11/98 20
8.33
8.33
5.83
12/14/98 15.83
11.67
11.67
14.17
12/15/98 10
8.33
11.67
10
12/16/98 13.33
11.67
14.14
15.83
12/17/98 18.33
12.5
7.5
6.67
Date Opacity
6/1/99 5
18.83
10
12.5
6/2/99 8.33
5.83
5
4.17
6/3/99 9.17
10
13.33
11.67
6/4/99 16.67
13.33
12.5
10.83
6/8/99 3.33
5.83
5
18.33
6/9/99 7.5
10.83
6.67
13.33
6/10/99 8.33
9.17
6.67
9.17
6/11/99 5.83
7.5
10
6.67
6/15/99 6.67
5
7.5
8.33
6/16/99 5
4.17
6.67
4.17
6/17/99 7.5
6.67
4.17
5
6/18/99 9.17
6.67
18.33
10.83
B-31
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO (continued)
Date
1/23/98
1/24/98
1/25/98
1/26/98
1/30/98
1/31/98
2/1/98
2/2/98
2/6/98
2/7/98
2/8/98
2/9/98
Opacity
16.67
10
10.83
8.33
15
17.5
16.67
37.5
17.5
16.67
15.83
14.17
18.33
10
14.17
11.67
15.83
16.67
13.33
11.67
9.17
8.33
5.83
8.33
16.67
10
9.17
8.33
8.33
7.5
16.67
18.33
11.67
15.83
13.33
13.33
15
20
8.33
10
24.17
30
18.33
14.17
21.67
13.33
18.33
Date Opacity
5
9.17
6.67
6/22/98 3.33
5.83
4.17
3.33
6/23/98 5.83
5
5
4.17
6/24/98 11.67
6.67
4.17
5
6/26/98 5
5
6.67
6/30/98 7.5
6.67
9.17
7.5
7/1/98 10
7.5
5
9.17
7/2/98 5.83
9.17
8.33
3.33
7/3/98 7.5
9.17
5
6.67
7/6/98 6.67
5
4.17
5
7/7/98 1.67
6.67
3.33
8.33
7/8/98 13.3
9.17
18.33
11.67
7/9/98 5.83
Date Opacity
12/18/98 9.17
5
6.67
5
12/22/98 6.67
8.33
5.83
7.17
12/23/98 13.33
9.17
11.67
29.17
12/25/98 14.17
8.33
5
14.17
12/29/98 5.83
9.17
6.67
7.5
12/30/98 6.67
3.33
1/1/99 4.17
5
5.83
5
1/5/99 5
6.67
7.5
8.33
1/6/99 3.33
5.83
5
4.17
1/7/99 5.83
5.83
3.33
5
1/8/99 10.83
4.17
3.33
7.5
1/11/99 17.5
5
6.67
9.17
1/12/99 7.5
Date
6/22/99
6/23/99
6/24/99
6/25/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
07/01/99
07/02/99
07/06/99
07/07/99
07/08/99
07/09/99
Opacity
6.67
8.33
13.33
4.17
4.17
3.33
10
13.33
6.67
9.17
6.67
3.33
5
3.33
3.33
6.67
10
7.5
5.83
5
9.17
11.67
9.17
13.33
8.33
10
11.67
o o o
3.33
5
3.33
10
8.33
5
4.17
6.67
9.17
5.83
3.33
6.67
5
6.67
5
5
o o o
3.33
5
5.83
10
B-32
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO (continued)
Date
2/13/98
2/14/98
2/15/98
2/16/98
2/20/98
2/21/98
2/22/98
2/23/98
2/27/98
2/28/98
3/1/98
3/5/98
Opacity
16.67
13.33
11.67
13.33
17.5
13.33
10.83
29.17
18.33
14.17
13.33
10
11.67
9.17
11.67
10
7.5
5.83
6.67
10
9.17
8.33
11.67
12.5
6.67
20
13.33
13.33
20
11.67
15.83
10
10.83
11.67
13.33
15
13.33
11.67
5.83
10.83
8.33
6.67
5
6.67
6.67
10
12.5
Date Opacity
5
5
5
7/14/98 7.5
9.17
10.83
5
7/15/98 3.33
5.83
4.17
7.5
7/16/98 5
5
6.67
11.67
7/17/98 7.5
10
13.33
9.17
7/21/98 9.17
7.5
8.33
3.33
7/22/98 11.67
10
10.83
8.33
7/23/98 5
2.5
0.1
1.67
7/24/98 7.5
5.83
3.33
4.17
7/28/98 8.33
15.83
12.5
7.5
7/29/98 4.17
5
4.17
12.5
7/30/98 5
5
8.33
5
Date Opacity
11.67
8.33
10
1/13/99 3.33
4.17
4.17
5
1/14/99 18.33
9.17
19.17
7.5
1/18/99 5.83
5
5
3.33
1/19/99 5
6.67
4.17
5.83
1/20/99 3.33
4.17
6.67
3.33
1/21/99 5
7.5
3.33
5.83
1/25/99 4.17
5
5
5.83
1/26/99 5
6.67
4.17
4.17
1/27/99 4.17
3.33
4.17
1.67
1/28/99 4.17
8.33
5
5
2/1/99 11.67
5
9.17
10.83
Date
07/12/99
07/13/99
07/14/99
07/15/99
07/19/99
07/20/99
07/21/99
07/22/99
07/26/99
07/27/99
07/28/99
07/29/99
Opacity
6.67
5
5
1.67
2.5
10
5
3.33
5
11.67
13.33
5
3.33
1.67
4.17
3.33
5
3.33
1.67
6.67
5
3.33
2.5
7.5
1.67
4.17
8.33
5.83
3.33
7.5
o o o
3.33
5
4.17
4.17
3.33
7.5
1.67
3.33
1.67
5
6.67
2.5
7.5
0
1.67
6.67
3.33
B-33
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO (continued)
Date
3/6/98
3/7/98
3/8/98
3/9/98
3/14/98
3/15/98
3/16/98
3/20/98
3/21/98
3/22/98
3/23/98
3/26/98
Opacity
18.33
10.83
16.67
13.33
15
15
18.33
15.83
18.33
29.17
15
16.67
16.67
27.5
14.17
11.67
13.33
15.83
18.33
13.33
15
23.33
11.67
10
16.67
15
15
10
10
13.33
13.33
11.67
6.67
10
11.67
12.5
15
18.33
15
8.33
6.67
6.67
11.67
10
13.33
10
6.67
Date Opacity
7/31/98 4.17
5.83
3.33
6.67
8/4/98 13.33
10
13.33
11.67
8/5/98 5
7.5
10
9.7
8/6/98 7.5
5.83
5
3.33
8/7/98 11.67
10
6.67
8.33
8/11/98 3.33
8.33
5
9.17
8/12/98 3.33
5
3.33
7.5
8/13/98 6.67
5
5
3.33
8/14/98 7.5
8.33
6.67
5
8/18/98 13.33
15.83
6.67
7.5
8/19/98 7.5
11.67
10
9.17
8/20/98 9.17
10.83
13.33
Date Opacity
2/2/99 5.83
5
2.5
4.17
2/3/99 4.17
9.17
5
8.33
2/4/99 8.33
8.33
5.83
4.17
2/8/99 3.33
5.83
7.5
5
2/9/99 5
6.67
3.33
7.5
2/10/99 7.17
4.17
1.67
1.67
2/11/99 9.17
6.67
5.83
7.5
2/15/99 6.67
17.5
9.17
5.83
2/16/99 17.5
18.33
8.33
15
2/17/99 1.67
1.67
9.17
5.83
2/18/99 9.33
9.33
2.5
1.67
2/22/99 4.17
2.5
5.83
Date
07/30/99
08/03/99
08/04/99
08/05/99
08/06/99
08/10/99
08/11/99
08/12/99
08/13/99
08/17/99
08/18/99
08/19/99
Opacity
5
7.5
5
3.33
3.33
1.67
4.17
2.5
2.5
3.33
3.33
1.67
2.5
0.83
5.83
3.33
1.67
9.17
6.67
3.33
3.33
1.67
0.83
1.67
1.67
5
3.33
3.33
5.83
3.33
6.67
5
3.33
6.67
5.83
9.17
7.5
11.67
7.5
8.33
2.5
1.67
11.67
10.83
4.17
3.33
8.33
B-34
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO (continued)
Date
3/28/98
3/29/98
3/30/98
3/31/98
4/4/98
4/5/98
4/9/98
4/10/98
4/11/98
4/12/98
4/14/98
Opacity
5
5
6.67
10
3.33
10
3.33
9.17
7.5
7.5
5
7.5
6.67
8.33
7.5
13.33
10.83
5.83
10.83
5.83
8.33
10
7.5
8.33
11.67
14.17
25
15.83
10
14.14
18.33
9.17
11.67
14.17
11.67
5
25
6.67
8.33
11.67
18.33
15.83
12.5
5
6.67
5.83
5
Date Opacity
10
8/21/98 3.33
4.17
6.67
4.17
8/25/98 3.33
5.83
5
6.67
8/26/98 15
13.33
19.17
13.33
8/27/98 9.17
7.5
9.17
6.67
8/28/98 5
6.67
14.17
5.83
9/1/98 10
6.67
5
5.83
9/2/98 9.17
5
10
7.5
9/3/98 7.5
5.83
10
3.33
9/4/98 6.67
8.33
5
7.5
9/7/98 7.5
10
9.17
11.67
9/8/98 5.83
7.5
7.54
8.33
9/9/98 10.83
7.5
Date Opacity
8.33
2/23/99 1.67
6.67
10.83
15
2/24/99 5
6.67
10.83
15
2/25/99 7.5
3.33
3.33
9.17
3/1/99 5
7.5
5
6.67
3/2/99 6.67
11.67
10
5
3/3/99 9.17
5.83
3.33
5
3/4/99 9.17
6.67
15
18.33
3/8/99 11.67
13.33
7.5
6.67
3/9/99 5.83
5
8.33
10
3/10/99 5
13.33
12.5
18.33
3/11/99 7.5
8.33
8.33
10
3/15/99 10.83
7.5
Date
08/20/99
08/23/99
08/24/99
08/25/99
08/26/99
08/27/99
09/01/99
09/02/99
09/03/99
09/06/99
09/07/99
Opacity
6.67
7.5
7.5
9.17
5.83
7.5
6.67
5
6.67
5.83
9.17
6.67
3.33
3.33
5
6.67
3.33
5
6.67
5
3.33
5
6.67
5.83
7.5
8.33
8.33
3.33
7.5
4.17
5
3.33
5.83
10
11.67
10
9.17
3.33
5
9.17
3.33
5
5
o o o
3.33
5
7.5
8.33
B-35
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO (continued)
Date
4/17/98
4/18/98
4/19/98
4/23/98
4/24/98
4/25/98
4/26/98
4/30/98
5/1/98
5/2/98
5/3/98
5/7/98
Opacity
2.5
10.83
25
7.5
7.5
5
4.17
5
9.17
7.5
7.5
9.17
6.67
7.5
9.17
10
10.83
5.83
3.33
4.17
15
7.5
8.33
10
8.33
7.5
8.33
7.5
7.5
5.83
5.83
7.5
2.5
4.17
7.5
5
11.67
13.33
9.17
5
10
7.5
11.67
13.33
7.5
6.67
5.83
Date Opacity
5
10
9/10/98 7.5
6.67
9.17
14.17
9/11/98 7.5
10
9.17
13.33
9/14/98 13.33
12.05
14.17
15
9/15/98 5.83
10
6.67
5
9/16/98 9.17
7.5
11.67
13.33
9/17/98 10
11.67
13.33
8.33
9/18/98 7.5
9.17
5
5
9/22/98 6.67
8.33
5.83
11.67
9/23/98 5
3.33
5
5.83
9/24/98 14.17
7.5
5.83
11.67
9/25/98 15
14.17
5
3.33
9/29/98 5
Date Opacity
9.17
11.67
3/16/99 4.17
4.17
5
5
3/17/99 5.83
5.83
3.33
3.33
3/18/99 4.17
5
3.33
3.33
3/22/99 6.67
15
12.5
11.67
3/23/99 5
10.83
17.5
11.67
7.5
11.67
9.17
13.33
3/25/99 5
3.33
6.67
9.17
3/30/99 9.17
9.17
12.5
11.67
3/31/99 11.67
8.33
9.17
10
1-Apr 2
8.33
8.33
7.5
4/2/99 10.83
7.5
6.67
7.5
5-Apr 25
Date
09/08/99
09/09/99
09/10/99
09/13/99
09/14/99
09/15/99
09/16/99
09/21/99
09/22/99
09/23/99
09/24/99
09/27/99
Opacity
5.83
11.67
9.17
5
10
10
9.17
5.83
3.33
1.67
3.33
5
13.33
4.17
4.17
2.5
3.33
31.67
5
8.33
13.33
9.17
10.83
6.67
15.83
13.33
5
5
15
17.5
18.33
15
11.67
15.83
13.33
9.17
5
6.67
o o o
3.33
5
11.67
10
9.17
16.67
10
9.17
10
B-36
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO (continued)
Date
5/8/98
5/9/98
5/10/98
5/14/98
5/15/98
5/16/98
5/17/98
5/21/98
5/22/98
5/23/98
5/24/98
5/25/98
Opacity
7.5
7.5
9.17
13.33
15.83
8.33
10
8.33
13.33
9.17
8.33
7.5
7.5
7.5
1.67
3.33
5
9.17
7.5
10.83
5
6.67
16.67
10.83
11.67
4.17
3.33
4.17
4.17
4.17
5.83
8.33
10
9.17
6.67
10.83
10.83
11.67
5
12.5
12.5
4.17
6.67
10
4.17
5.83
5.83
Date Opacity
6.67
7.5
6.67
9/30/98 5.83
5.83
7.5
4.17
10/1/98 10.83
8.33
8.33
7.5
10/2/98 6.67
5
3.33
5
10/5/98 1.25
3.33
1.25
5.83
10/6/98 3.33
5
7.5
9.17
10/7/98 9.17
4.17
5
10.83
10/8/98 10
5.83
7.5
9.17
10/12/98 10
10
6.67
7.5
10/13/98 4.17
6.67
7.5
7.5
10/14/98 6.67
15
11.67
13.33
10/15/98 15.83
17.5
11.67
11.67
Date Opacity
18.33
15
15
4/6/99 6.67
9.17
6.67
5.83
4/7/99 22.5
14.17
9.17
6.67
4/8/99 4.17
1.67
2.5
3.33
4/12/99 9.17
7.5
4.17
12.5
4/13/99 9.17
12.5
9.17
3.33
4/14/99 11.67
14.17
15.83
9.17
4/15/99 8.33
10
14.17
8.33
4/19/99 6.67
7.5
5
3.33
4/20/99 3.33
10
6.67
7.5
4/21/99 4.17
5
12.5
7.5
4/22/99 10.83
12.5
6.67
10.83
Date
09/28/99
09/29/99
09/30/99
10/01/99
10/04/99
10/05/99
10/06/99
10/07/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
Opacity
11.67
6.67
5.83
9.17
5
5.83
4.17
5.83
6.67
5
3.33
2.5
14.17
5
o o o
3.33
5
10
5
2.5
3.33
4.17
3.33
7.5
3.33
5
5
5.83
7.5
6.67
11.67
6.67
5.83
9.17
5.83
5
10
10
6.67
14.17
11.67
11.67
15.83
9.17
o o o
3.33
5
9.17
3.33
B-37
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO (continued)
Date
5/28/98
5/30/98
Opacity
5
7.5
4.17
8.33
15.83
11.67
4.7
3.33
2.5
4.17
Date
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/10/98
Opacity
14.17
11.67
8.5
9.17
10
11.67
13.33
10.83
4.17
6.67
14.17
6.67
7.5
9.17
6.67
9.17
10
11.67
14.17
7.5
11.67
8.33
10
13.33
10
7.5
9.17
6.67
3.33
11.67
5
8.33
5
2.5
5
9.17
10
8.33
5.83
18.33
14.17
13.33
10
6.67
9.17
11.67
14.17
Date Opacity
4/25/99 6.67
9.17
10
7.5
4/26/99 11.67
10
6.67
6.67
4/27/99 21.67
12.5
10.83
5
4/28/99 8.33
3.33
3.33
4.17
5/4/99 9.17
5.83
7.5
8.33
5/5/99 6.67
6.67
11.67
10
5/6/99 5.83
5
5
7.5
5/7/99 5
6.67
9.17
11.67
5/10/99 8.33
3.33
7.5
6.67
5/12/99 11.67
8.33
11.67
9.17
5/13/99 14.17
11.67
13.33
17.5
5/14/99 3.33
1.67
2.5
Date Opacity
10.83
4.17
10/19/99 6.67
9.17
5
7.5
10/20/99 15
13.33
15
10
10/21/99 4.17
1.67
2.5
1.67
10/22/99 1.67
1.67
3.33
0
10/25/99 3.33
1.67
1.67
5
10/26/99 2.5
4.17
3.33
2.5
10/27/99 9.17
5
4.17
5
10/28/99 3.33
3.33
5
5.83
10/29/99 6.67
5
3.33
5
B-38
-------
TABLE B-8. LTV, CHICAGO (continued)
Date Opacity
Date
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/30/98
Opacity
11.67
9.17
7.5
9.17
5
3.33
5
5
5
5
6.67
3.33
16.67
5
3.33
2.5
10
11.67
7.5
9.17
6.67
5
3.33
9.17
6.67
5
3.33
13.33
9.17
11.67
9.17
15.83
5
4.17
5.83
3.33
10.83
11.67
13.33
6.33
5
5
4.17
5
Date Opacity
5.83
5/17/99 1.67
0.83
3.33
0.83
5/18/99 2.5
1.67
3.33
5
5/19/99 12.5
8.33
11.67
25
5/20/99 10
6.67
5.83
7.5
5/25/99 6.67
5
5
3.33
5/26/99 5
3.33
1.67
1.67
5/27/99 1.67
2.5
6.67
7.5
5/28/99 4.17
o o o
3.33
5
5
Date Opacity
B-39
-------
APPENDIX C
COM DATA - DAILY AVERAGES
C-l
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY -
Battery 1
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
9/21/98
9/22/98
Opacity
3.28
2.68
2.71
1.97
0.73
0.85
1.74
2.13
2.34
3.65
3.41
2.12
1.66
0.75
1.18
0.65
1.15
1.89
1.71
2.03
1.87
1.93
1.40
1.25
0.80
0.83
0.38
1.54
0.90
0.84
1.49
2.79
1.14
2.70
2.56
1.73
0.93
0.78
0.74
1.30
0.68
0.64
1.81
1.09
0.67
1.25
2.70
Battery 2
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
9/21/98
9/22/98
Opacity
1.56
2.05
2.12
2.23
0.49
1.71
3.99
2.35
3.80
1.33
2.26
1.58
4.25
1.61
2.56
1.56
1.83
1.43
2.38
0.73
1.55
2.78
2.22
3.08
4.12
6.20
3.62
2 23
2.64
1.45
2.40
2.20
2.77
2.28
2.40
2.41
2.53
2.10
1.53
1.82
2.69
2.47
3.50
3.96
2.59
2.64
3.86
Battery 3
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
9/21/98
9/22/98
Opacity
2.0
0.9
1.8
1.4
2.0
3.5
3.2
3.5
2.4
2.0
2.7
4.9
4.0
6.2
3.3
2.7
2.5
2.9
2.9
2.7
2.7
6.7
4.1
2.8
4.3
4.7
3.2
3.3
2.7
2.4
2.2
2.9
2.9
3.1
3.2
2.9
2.4
2.3
2.6
3.0
3.1
4.5
4.4
3.5
3.8
4.3
4.5
DAILY AVERAGES
Battery 7
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
9/21/98
9/22/98
Opacity
2.4
1.9
2.8
1.9
1.7
2.5
5.0
3.8
4.2
4.1
2.9
3.2
4.2
4.1
3.2
3.3
4.2
3.0
3.2
3.0
3.4
3.6
4.3
3.8
4.3
5.0
6.2
5.8
6.4
7.1
6.8
7.1
7.1
6.9
7.9
7.5
6.9
7.1
6.9
8.5
9.3
7.9
8.1
5.2
3.7
4.3
4.6
Battery 8
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
9/21/98
9/22/98
Opacity
1.1
1.7
3.5
0.7
0.4
0.8
0.2
0.7
1.4
0.8
0.3
0.8
0.7
1.0
0.8
1.1
3.2
2.2
0.8
0.9
0.6
0.9
1.3
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0
0.7
2.1
1.3
0.7
1.8
2.2
1.9
4.8
5.8
4.0
8.7
6.2
8.8
7.2
5.3
9.1
3.7
2.5
5.5
6.4
Battery 9
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
9/21/98
9/22/98
Opacity
4.0
4.8
2.4
4.5
0.7
1.5
1.1
1.1
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.6
1.5
3.0
2.7
2.7
2.5
1.4
1.4
1.2
2.9
3.6
1.4
1.7
2 2
1.7
1.9
5.2
1.5
1.7
1.4
1.3
2.1
1.8
1.4
1.6
0.9
1.3
0.9
1.7
2 2
1.9
1.5
1.1
0.9
0.9
1.4
C-2
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/7/98
Opacity
2.84
1.67
1.45
1.17
0.74
1.50
1.69
1.53
1.98
2.98
3.71
4.64
4.12
3.72
2.95
3.74
4.52
5.97
6.45
5.82
5.61
5.77
6.53
3.90
1.25
1.06
1.11
2.83
2.37
5.73
6.49
4.24
7.11
9.39
9.25
8.55
6.90
1.06
2.73
3.18
4.47
5.25
6.59
8.30
6.60
8.10
Battery 2
Date
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/7/98
Opacity
5.05
4.24
3.39
3.11
2.68
4.28
3.95
4.05
5.21
4.50
3.81
3.53
3.48
3.30
5.18
4.63
5.05
4.95
4.88
5.78
5.05
8.32
4.61
3.89
2.33
2.16
3.72
3.75
5.45
5.45
5.51
6.30
5.20
6.98
4.39
5.25
5.52
4.94
4.74
5.28
6.31
6.15
7.24
7.20
5.48
5.42
Battery 3
Date
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/7/98
Opacity
5.2
4.4
3.7
3.4
2.7
4.0
4.0
5.1
4.6
4.2
4.8
4.3
6.0
4.8
4.8
4.9
5.2
4.7
4.3
5.6
5.6
4.7
4.4
4.1
3.8
4.8
4.6
5.4
6.2
5.0
6.5
8.7
7.3
6.7
6.0
6.6
7.8
5.8
7.3
7.2
10.9
8.5
7.2
7.4
6.8
6.7
Battery 7
Date
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/7/98
Opacity
6.3
6.3
5.4
5.9
4.8
4.8
5.5
5.5
4.6
5.7
3.4
2.5
4.1
3.5
4.0
3.1
4.4
4.8
6.0
5.2
6.4
5.3
3.7
2.2
2.6
2.7
3.7
4.2
5.0
5.8
5.6
6.2
7.1
7.0
5.4
5.9
7.2
9.5
6.9
6.3
6.8
4.5
5.4
5.4
6.4
5.2
Battery 8
Date
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/7/98
Opacity
4.9
4.5
5.9
14.6
4.9
1.3
1.6
1.6
0.8
3.1
2.3
2.0
3.4
3.1
4.4
5.4
5.6
8.3
8.8
6.4
12.8
5.7
5.0
6.3
8.5
5.6
6.1
8.3
5.6
4.0
6.6
7.7
7.8
5.5
7.7
5.5
7.0
4.7
6.0
6.6
4.9
6.5
4.7
4.7
7.1
5.8
Battery 9
Date
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/7/98
Opacity
1.8
2.7
1.8
1.6
1.5
2.0
2.6
1.6
2.3
3.7
3.4
3.5
5.6
4.9
5.2
6.4
4.3
5.1
5.1
5.7
4.9
4.7
3.9
5.9
7.3
7.8
6.9
5.8
7.1
6.2
5.2
7.6
6.8
9.8
8.0
10.8
9.5
8.7
10.6
8.8
8.2
10.1
6.8
2.9
3.2
2.2
C-3
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
Opacity
13.68
11.10
8.79
5.79
10.27
18.70
16.31
17.76
16.80
3.14
6.30
15.14
9.70
15.41
18.81
14.84
9.51
15.22
7.87
16.08
20.80
18.80
14.31
8.90
9.83
9.20
11.90
10.64
10.74
7.95
9.12
8.90
11.66
15.38
19.43
21.13
14.06
5.55
6.51
7.71
8.06
6.37
5.88
8.54
5.21
8.16
Battery 2
Date
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
Opacity
7.42
10.06
12.63
9.43
6.54
8.40
13.43
10.06
15.91
9.91
7.37
11.75
10.33
8.35
11.51
16.04
9.96
13.11
12.18
11.25
13.70
14.11
9.42
5.31
5.60
6.65
3.82
4.65
4.58
2.48
2.80
4.11
7.54
3.08
5.56
4.79
4.37
6.41
6.85
6.07
6.80
11.10
5.88
7.86
4.31
5.11
Battery 3
Date
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
Opacity
9.7
10.3
9.2
11.0
13.4
12.8
15.8
15.5
16.4
10.8
12.6
14.2
11.4
8.3
6.6
13.8
11.3
10.6
12.2
10.8
11.7
16.4
15.2
7.7
19.7
14.4
9.9
9.5
6.5
6.5
7.5
6.0
9.5
8.9
7.8
10.8
11.9
7.0
10.8
10.4
8.4
13.4
10.7
11.0
8.8
7.7
Battery 7
Date
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
Opacity
5.9
5.3
7.1
5.6
6.7
7.1
7.6
7.8
8.1
7.3
7.7
9.3
6.0
6.5
7.0
8.1
8.5
7.4
8.6
6.2
2.4
2.6
3.1
3.2
2.8
3.4
3.1
3.5
4.2
4.1
4.2
2.2
4.1
3.2
4.9
4.2
3.8
4.2
5.4
4.4
4.2
6.9
4.4
6.2
7.2
7.7
Battery 8
Date
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
Opacity
4.9
4.2
6.0
6.2
5.4
4.9
5.2
5.5
5.3
5.1
6.2
9.6
6.6
6.4
6.5
6.5
6.0
7.0
9.4
4.2
2.7
4.7
2.9
2.4
2.8
4.1
4.4
4.3
9.8
5.4
4.0
1.5
4.0
1.9
3.1
4.3
3.7
3.9
3.8
3.7
2.8
3.4
3.2
4.5
4.2
3.9
Battery 9
Date
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
Opacity
1.0
2.0
4.3
5.6
9.2
11.3
7.2
7.5
14.2
12.3
8.7
8.1
7.9
10.0
8.9
10.7
10.4
10.9
6.6
1.9
2.1
3.9
5.5
3.7
6.3
5.5
8.4
6.6
6.5
5.1
4.4
5.7
5.1
4.7
5.3
5.8
4.7
5.0
6.4
5.5
5.3
5.6
5.4
8.0
5.6
1.2
C-4
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
2/6/99
2/7/99
Opacity
7.84
7.58
7.43
5.80
9.06
9.19
6.09
9.59
4.63
6.07
7.06
4.40
4.17
7.09
6.55
8.31
8.48
9.08
10.28
7.66
6.23
4.58
3.60
7.49
4.89
7.46
9.87
11.47
6.47
7.62
7.18
6.16
10.04
6.91
8.07
9.03
5.10
6.92
11.82
13.30
6.68
2.27
2.01
2.14
2.76
5.30
Battery 2
Date
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
2/6/99
2/7/99
Opacity
5.38
6.18
7.26
10.27
8.90
8.55
9.71
11.65
11.04
15.96
15.21
9.43
4.20
6.19
5.43
9.13
9.51
6.50
11.00
16.11
7.94
8.65
6.59
10.03
8.96
8.01
7.28
13.98
10.05
8.35
15.41
13.27
5.80
5.85
8.75
6.65
4.58
7.42
10.78
11.50
5.05
4.86
3.28
3.43
4.85
4.70
Battery 3
Date
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
2/6/99
2/7/99
Opacity
7.6
11.1
12.1
10.0
14.4
10.0
9.4
9.3
8.2
11.5
12.7
8.4
5.0
10.7
11.6
17.1
13.9
15.7
12.7
18.1
13.1
8.8
8.5
14.8
8.9
13.3
17.9
13.2
16.1
15.0
10.3
8.4
8.1
6.2
6.5
10.5
8.4
17.3
16.3
15.2
12.2
8.2
6.4
4.3
6.5
9.2
Battery 7
Date
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
2/6/99
2/7/99
Opacity
4.8
4.8
6.3
6.6
7.9
8.3
8.0
8.8
9.5
7.6
6.1
6.3
6.2
7.4
4.2
1.8
1.2
1.3
1.9
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.6
3.0
2.4
3.6
3.2
2.8
5.0
4.3
6.8
7.2
7.3
8.0
5.8
3.7
5.3
4.3
2.8
2.4
2.5
1.1
1.8
1.3
1.6
2.2
Battery 8
Date
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
2/6/99
2/7/99
Opacity
4.8
4.7
4.0
4.0
6.1
5.0
6.1
4.7
5.2
5.6
4.9
5.9
5.9
6.3
5.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
3.3
2.1
2.1
1.8
2.2
3.1
2.5
8.8
6.6
4.7
5.6
4.6
4.7
2.1
2.4
1.4
2.2
3.1
4.8
4.3
5.8
7.9
7.5
4.8
7.9
9.2
7.1
7.1
Battery 9
Date
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
2/6/99
2/7/99
Opacity
1.2
1.3
1.8
1.2
1.4
1.3
2.6
1.5
2.0
1.4
1.1
2.0
2.6
2.4
1.9
2.6
2.2
3.2
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.5
3.8
5.5
4.7
6.6
6.7
5.7
7.9
8.3
4.6
2.9
4.1
4.2
1.9
4.3
4.1
3.7
4.5
4.3
4.0
3.8
4.4
3.3
4.3
5.2
C-5
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
3/24/99
3/25/99
Opacity
6.78
3.98
5.24
9.34
3.65
6.25
9.62
5.34
8.69
6.86
5.85
10.35
7.53
7.33
9.50
10.41
8.65
8.81
10.91
10.30
11.19
7.72
9.08
11.48
8.21
10.01
9.98
7.78
14.49
16.88
11.64
12.11
12.00
11.18
10.29
7.95
6.91
13.24
8.12
8.98
10.00
9.42
5.54
7.88
5.73
10.13
Battery 2
Date
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
3/24/99
3/25/99
Opacity
5.46
8.94
7.34
10.88
6.77
2.26
5.53
10.65
14.08
12.53
6.38
7.13
7.62
6.87
10.14
9.08
8.75
10.82
12.37
10.76
11.68
11.21
9.67
11.48
9.66
9.46
16.32
11.08
11.39
20.21
18.95
14.53
15.25
11.75
6.79
8.37
4.78
8.12
14.62
11.45
9.44
9.73
7.83
10.25
11.97
12.65
Battery 3
Date
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
3/24/99
3/25/99
Opacity
6.0
9.4
8.9
12.0
7.8
8.3
6.9
11.6
14.0
6.4
9.3
9.1
6.8
9.3
10.1
8.4
12.0
10.0
13.7
12.1
10.2
9.8
12.9
9.3
8.7
11.0
9.3
10.0
12.9
12.6
12.2
13.4
16.0
15.1
11.5
10.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Battery 7
Date
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
3/24/99
3/25/99
Opacity
1.3
1.1
1.0
2.4
3.8
4.0
4.9
4.3
4.1
5.2
2.5
1.1
1.5
1.1
1.1
1.6
2.2
3.1
2.7
2.9
2.9
3.1
2.0
2.6
2.0
2.3
2.5
2.2
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.7
3.1
3.3
4.0
4.4
3.9
4.2
4.7
5.6
6.5
6.8
7.5
8.4
9.5
9.8
Battery 8
Date
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
3/24/99
3/25/99
Opacity
7.8
6.7
7.8
6.6
6.3
6.0
5.2
6.7
6.2
6.3
2.9
3.4
2.2
2.3
3.7
2.3
2.9
3.9
3.5
3.3
4.0
2.5
3.6
4.0
3.2
2.6
3.1
3.9
4.0
5.0
3.5
5.3
3.8
4.7
4.8
4.8
4.8
8.1
5.8
5.5
5.5
6.1
6.1
7.2
6.8
7.6
Battery 9
Date
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
3/24/99
3/25/99
Opacity
4.6
4.6
5.9
6.9
6.8
5.8
5.3
5.9
7.4
8.8
8.6
7.0
7.3
7.4
4.4
1.1
2.0
2.1
3.2
3.0
4.5
10.3
1.3
1.0
1.5
1.5
1.8
1.3
1.9
1.7
2.0
4.7
1.8
2 2
3.8
3.1
2.7
4.2
4.8
3.5
2.9
4.2
3.7
3.4
4.4
5.1
C-6
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
5/9/99
5/10/99
Opacity
13.98
10.62
23.65
14.61
9.07
11.58
10.97
10.40
7.25
7.65
6.08
7.90
7.67
7.71
6.95
4.25
5.33
4.56
6.28
5.75
5.61
6.99
6.44
8.78
5.15
8.14
11.44
7.06
9.75
8.55
8.03
13.23
18.65
9.55
11.42
12.84
10.30
10.18
14.83
9.85
10.79
12.90
8.40
9.28
12.79
10.35
Battery 2
Date
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
5/9/99
5/10/99
Opacity
16.22
16.06
14.02
14.70
19.02
14.88
12.40
10.14
15.56
9.23
9.53
17.00
13.90
4.91
5.55
4.69
5.07
5.24
5.15
3.68
5.03
6.36
3.64
6.56
6.11
4.90
5.40
6.13
5.14
5.00
7.87
9.38
7.68
5.86
5.36
6.75
6.18
7.61
7.33
7.05
8.15
5.59
2.33
3.56
3.83
3.40
Battery 3
Date
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
5/9/99
5/10/99
Opacity
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.5
8.2
12.1
14.0
Battery 7
Date
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
5/9/99
5/10/99
Opacity
10.4
9.7
10.4
10.4
11.4
12.1
11.7
10.1
7.5
5.6
4.0
2.7
1.8
2.8
2.7
2.6
5.7
5.9
6.1
6.0
6.3
7.6
6.3
7.4
7.4
6.5
7.1
8.4
7.6
4.7
4.8
5.2
3.5
2.2
2.4
2.8
1.6
1.6
2.4
2.5
2.4
1.4
1.3
3.4
2.0
2.7
Battery 8
Date
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
5/9/99
5/10/99
Opacity
7.2
7.4
7.9
7.0
7.0
10.3
12.1
13.8
6.9
5.6
3.5
5.1
4.0
6.2
4.0
2.1
5.7
3.7
3.7
4.1
5.7
5.3
3.2
5.2
4.2
4.9
6.7
6.8
7.9
10.1
11.2
15.0
9.5
3.4
4.5
2.9
1.9
2.0
2.6
5.6
2.6
4.5
2.9
1.2
1.6
1.4
Battery 9
Date
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
5/9/99
5/10/99
Opacity
4.2
4.4
4.8
4.7
5.1
4.6
7.9
6.0
1.7
2.0
0.8
2.9
1.5
3.2
1.9
1.7
3.4
2.3
2.6
2.3
2.8
3.3
3.3
4.9
3.8
6.0
7.8
10.5
9.0
8.1
8.6
8.1
5.9
2.1
2.2
2.4
1.8
2.1
1.9
3.3
1.4
2.6
2.7
1.8
2.9
2.0
C-7
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
6/24/99
6/25/99
Opacity
10.33
10.47
8.66
7.68
4.08
8.63
8.74
6.83
10.52
7.95
9.21
9.90
11.29
7.07
9.74
10.17
9.66
11.11
10.76
12.03
12.63
11.98
15.91
12.87
8.84
11.98
13.60
14.28
14.21
13.91
10.81
14.12
15.10
10.78
12.68
15.56
11.79
15.58
13.90
14.40
14.80
14.52
12.65
15.10
15.35
14.17
Battery 2
Date
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
6/24/99
6/25/99
Opacity
4.42
4.41
2.43
3.18
3.83
2.56
3.08
3.98
1.87
3.12
2.59
3.02
3.32
3.19
9.03
4.62
4.63
4.63
4.15
6.65
6.59
6.85
6.12
6.34
6.47
5.60
7.33
7.08
7.58
7.52
5.40
4.64
5.08
6.56
4.30
8.04
7.00
5.97
7.95
8.13
6.82
8.88
8.43
6.23
7.55
7.71
Battery 3
Date
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
6/24/99
6/25/99
Opacity
13.8
16.3
11.0
7.2
12.4
10.5
11.9
16.2
12.1
9.2
13.6
13.2
11.6
12.6
14.5
12.6
12.2
15.9
13.9
14.4
16.0
12.7
15.0
12.2
11.1
15.2
12.6
17.6
14.7
10.3
12.3
13.2
11.2
15.8
15.9
11.3
13.2
12.8
11.0
13.0
13.8
17.0
6.0
10.1
7.0
9.0
Battery 7
Date
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
6/24/99
6/25/99
Opacity
2.1
1.9
1.5
1.8
2.7
2.2
2.4
2.1
1.7
2.7
21.6
2.4
2.5
4.3
3.9
3.6
4.1
4.4
4.2
4.3
3.5
4.2
5.1
4.2
4.7
6.2
4.8
4.7
5.0
5.1
5.2
4.5
4.3
5.4
4.4
4.9
5.5
5.4
5.5
6.3
8.0
4.3
3.2
2.7
2.5
5.0
Battery 8
Date
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
6/24/99
6/25/99
Opacity
0.7
1.0
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.7
1.2
1.8
8.2
1.4
1.3
3.9
2.7
2.4
2.0
2.4
3.1
4.4
4.8
3.4
3.7
3.4
3.8
3.8
3.3
4.1
5.6
4.5
5.3
5.3
5.1
3.4
4.7
4.1
3.6
4.3
4.0
4.7
4.4
3.8
2.6
2.7
3.9
4.0
Battery 9
Date
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
6/24/99
6/25/99
Opacity
3.2
2.9
2.4
3.1
2.8
4.9
4.0
4.8
4.1
7.0
14.1
7.5
5.3
6.2
6.8
6.1
4.5
1.7
2.4
1.9
2.3
1.2
1.5
1.4
1.5
3.1
2.0
2.5
3.7
3.3
3.0
3.6
3.6
5.0
4.6
5.5
5.5
5.7
5.5
5.1
5.1
5.8
0.7
1.1
1.3
2.9
C-8
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
8/9/99
8/10/99
Opacity
14.28
17.26
16.27
13.89
10.79
9.73
6.64
7.19
6.58
6.53
6.87
6.29
10.00
11.39
13.05
10.45
8.79
9.75
11.88
9.71
11.58
10.85
13.11
11.06
9.57
7.58
11.20
8.38
7.96
12.70
11.83
8.99
16.30
14.41
3.81
7.62
7.48
7.55
8.34
6.29
7.13
8.54
5.78
8.54
5.52
3.25
Battery 2
Date
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
8/9/99
8/10/99
Opacity
6.60
8.58
8.77
7.60
5.24
3.12
3.50
3.63
2.01
4.17
2.11
3.83
5.94
5.75
4.09
4.29
4.40
4.13
5.03
5.66
5.75
4.84
5.23
3.70
4.47
4.89
4.08
3.68
4.53
5.11
5.74
4.52
5.79
5.40
3.18
3.53
4.96
5.88
3.85
5.10
4.98
3.25
2.78
2.38
2.89
2.53
Battery 3
Date
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
8/9/99
8/10/99
Opacity
11.3
6.9
11.9
10.9
7.1
10.3
9.2
7.8
8.5
12.1
8.7
8.7
11.3
12.4
10.2
9.3
9.1
9.6
12.6
10.6
12.9
11.9
12.4
13.0
10.1
10.0
11.9
9.7
12.0
12.3
7.4
13.9
12.3
12.6
8.8
11.0
6.8
12.4
13.3
9.5
12.3
8.9
4.6
5.2
7.5
5.1
Battery 7
Date
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
8/9/99
8/10/99
Opacity
5.3
2.9
2.4
1.9
2.2
1.7
1.1
2.3
2.2
1.9
3.7
2.8
3.2
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
2.5
2.7
2.7
3.2
4.2
3.7
3.3
9.8
3.5
2.9
2.9
2.6
3.0
2.6
3.0
5.9
5.9
4.2
4.5
4.3
4.2
2.8
0.9
2.2
3.1
2.8
5.1
3.8
0.7
Battery 8
Date
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
8/9/99
8/10/99
Opacity
7.1
1.9
3.0
4.8
2.4
1.3
1.4
2.3
3.6
3.3
2.7
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.6
3.2
3.1
3.6
3.7
3.8
2.9
3.3
4.5
4.0
3.6
5.7
5.6
4.5
4.5
3.8
4.4
5.6
7.0
6.2
8.0
7.0
6.6
4.7
2.5
3.4
4.4
5.6
6.8
5.1
4.0
Battery 9
Date
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
8/9/99
8/10/99
Opacity
2.5
2 2
4.5
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.1
1.8
1.2
2.4
1.7
3.5
2.4
2.1
2.3
2.8
3.7
3.6
4.0
3.9
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.3
3.1
3.4
4.1
4.0
4.5
3.8
5.4
7.0
8.0
8.5
5.5
5.3
6.1
5.5
3.6
3.2
4.6
5.5
6.6
2.8
2.3
C-9
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
9/24/99
9/25/99
Opacity
4.52
5.30
4.74
5.17
5.01
5.18
4.97
4.28
4.46
4.80
3.77
4.13
5.80
6.84
3.58
6.15
5.81
4.74
6.77
7.11
3.75
5.35
3.75
3.93
5.15
4.01
5.94
7.26
4.53
4.62
6.61
3.99
5.44
5.53
3.18
6.83
5.20
5.58
8.40
6.28
6.31
5.95
3.05
2.12
3.67
5.68
Battery 2
Date
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
9/24/99
9/25/99
Opacity
2.86
3.87
3.85
3.63
5.01
6.35
3.90
3.21
5.20
5.19
5.63
6.57
4.26
5.63
5.46
4.29
6.20
5.03
4.36
7.08
3.65
4.44
4.05
3.73
3.82
4.18
3.25
4.86
5.93
3.83
6.76
6.66
4.25
5.13
6.64
5.46
6.81
7.20
6.69
6.48
6.34
3.08
5.17
10.28
7.04
6.01
Battery 3
Date
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
9/24/99
9/25/99
Opacity
8.7
7.3
7.9
8.7
8.3
10.5
11.1
5.5
7.5
8.7
5.3
7.6
10.7
7.5
13.2
9.4
7.2
9.1
7.1
8.1
9.9
8.2
8.6
10.4
6.8
8.4
7.9
7.8
8.8
13.0
6.5
9.6
10.2
6.6
15.7
10.9
7.4
9.7
11.1
7.0
10.4
9.0
5.9
13.8
12.1
14.7
Battery 7
Date
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
9/24/99
9/25/99
Opacity
3.8
4.2
2.6
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.2
2.1
3.1
2.0
1.7
1.8
1.4
2.7
1.3
2.5
1.2
1.9
3.5
3.8
5.8
4.6
4.9
8.8
9.8
7.6
5.6
4.6
3.5
4.0
3.2
4.6
4.2
3.0
2.9
2.9
4.2
3.3
4.8
3.8
2.9
3.5
2.7
3.0
4.1
2.8
Battery 8
Date
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
9/24/99
9/25/99
Opacity
6.6
2.4
2.3
3.1
3.1
2.4
1.4
2.1
3.0
1.9
1.9
2.5
2.6
2.5
2.2
2.8
2.7
2.4
3.0
4.2
3.8
3.8
2.8
1.5
1.9
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.5
4.2
1.6
0.8
2.7
1.6
1.2
2.8
3.3
3.0
3.5
2.8
3.1
4.9
5.0
6.9
4.6
2.1
Battery 9
Date
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
9/24/99
9/25/99
Opacity
3.1
2.8
4.6
5.3
4.0
3.1
3.5
4.2
1.9
3.1
4.4
4.1
3.9
4.0
3.3
2.1
1.9
1.0
2.4
2.8
3.1
4.1
4.5
4.6
4.8
3.7
3.3
3.3
3.7
2.5
1.0
1.3
1.4
1.6
1.9
1.6
3.2
3.2
3.5
2.9
2.3
2.7
3.3
2.1
1.7
2.0
C-10
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
11/9/99
11/10/99
Opacity
6.45
5.43
5.57
5.38
5.23
4.13
3.76
5.95
3.91
4.03
6.37
3.73
4.35
3.62
2.11
3.54
4.22
7.46
3.70
5.30
2.71
1.35
3.63
4.15
2.21
2.37
2.71
2.75
2.37
3.27
2.45
4.37
5.02
1.93
4.29
5.03
3.49
8.20
7.19
3.33
4.70
3.48
2.60
6.58
7.00
3.56
Battery 2
Date
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
11/9/99
11/10/99
Opacity
8.24
6.97
7.05
5.79
8.94
7.07
5.80
5.12
4.75
4.95
8.55
5.54
4.93
5.89
4.78
3.49
4.74
8.04
7.03
5.27
3.35
5.16
0.91
2.76
4.93
1.96
2.77
5.08
4.01
4.60
5.68
3.99
7.31
4.97
3.63
5.02
9.15
4.53
7.99
7.57
5.48
4.13
4.45
5.54
6.44
6.18
Battery 3
Date
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
11/9/99
11/10/99
Opacity
9.4
9.4
10.6
13.8
7.9
7.2
9.5
9.1
9.6
13.8
10.7
11.6
13.2
8.5
10.9
9.4
8.2
11.3
9.0
11.1
5.6
7.6
7.8
9.8
7.8
8.6
8.6
7.0
8.9
9.4
10.1
12.9
7.5
9.2
8.4
6.8
9.3
9.8
6.5
6.9
7.4
4.9
5.2
14.3
10.2
9.5
Battery 7
Date
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
11/9/99
11/10/99
Opacity
0.9
0.5
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.4
1.5
1.2
0.7
2.7
3.7
3.7
5.3
5.1
4.9
3.2
2.9
2.6
2.8
2.5
2.0
2.9
2.5
2.2
1.8
2.2
3.0
2.5
2.3
2.3
2.3
1.8
2.0
2.9
1.5
1.8
3.1
2.7
3.0
3.0
3.5
1.9
2.8
4.3
3.0
3.5
Battery 8
Date
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
11/9/99
11/10/99
Opacity
2.6
1.5
2.1
3.9
3.9
2.7
3.0
2.5
4.2
5.6
3.7
2.8
5.3
3.8
2.5
3.1
2.9
3.6
2.1
2.9
4.0
2.0
1.6
3.7
1.8
3.7
3.8
2.7
2.6
3.4
3.1
2.3
4.0
6.3
2.6
4.8
4.2
3.3
2.5
2.9
3.7
1.9
2.4
3.7
5.0
2.9
Battery 9
Date
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
11/9/99
11/10/99
Opacity
1.4
1.0
2.1
2.4
2.8
4.1
4.6
6.3
5.6
4.9
3.5
1.5
3.6
2.5
3.3
3.9
11.9
4.0
3.1
2.9
2.9
2.9
1.6
3.9
2.8
2.9
3.4
3.0
2.8
3.9
4.2
3.0
3.1
3.2
1.1
2.7
2.1
1.9
1.8
2.7
1.9
2.4
2.9
4.4
5.2
3.8
C-ll
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
12/25/99
12/26/99
Opacity
7.25
4.83
4.85
4.88
6.34
6.39
6.06
5.41
4.87
6.95
4.49
5.20
4.68
3.13
4.79
4.95
3.30
3.77
4.84
5.71
6.53
8.20
3.85
0.85
1.57
1.00
1.11
1.53
1.11
0.76
2.44
2.31
2.45
2.49
2.40
3.14
2.92
3.64
3.30
4.53
2.28
0.48
0.62
0.91
0.22
0.39
Battery 2
Date
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
12/25/99
12/26/99
Opacity
4.25
4.82
4.88
6.38
6.01
4.81
5.56
4.07
1.67
3.35
4.66
1.50
4.76
4.73
3.65
3.89
2.15
1.95
1.64
1.41
1.05
1.27
1.36
1.15
1.05
1.51
1.90
2.01
1.54
0.79
2.33
1.95
2.04
3.35
2.47
4.49
3.18
3.59
3.28
3.45
2.12
0.62
0.65
0.63
0.78
1.25
Battery 3
Date
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
12/25/99
12/26/99
Opacity
5.3
7.1
9.8
5.2
9.1
12.0
4.7
8.2
10.5
6.7
9.2
12.7
5.8
7.5
8.9
8.7
7.0
9.5
7.4
5.8
4.6
3.4
3.4
3.0
1.3
1.2
1.4
2.4
2.4
1.4
3.1
2.8
2.5
2.3
2.1
3.7
3.1
3.5
3.5
4.0
3.4
1.6
1.6
2.1
3.3
3.8
Battery 7
Date
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
12/25/99
12/26/99
Opacity
3.8
3.3
2.5
3.1
3.2
3.6
3.9
2.9
2.9
1.6
1.8
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.6
1.8
2.4
1.6
1.8
3.1
2.2
2.6
2.7
2.1
4.3
4.1
4.3
3.3
2.6
1.0
2.5
2.6
3.4
2.5
4.4
3.4
4.3
4.4
4.2
4.1
4.1
3.6
4.1
3.9
3.1
3.3
Battery 8
Date
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
12/25/99
12/26/99
Opacity
2.3
1.8
2.3
2.9
3.3
2.6
4.0
3.6
3.3
2.7
3.1
3.5
3.9
2.9
3.3
2.7
2.5
2.3
3.4
4.5
3.8
3.4
2.7
2.6
3.4
3.3
2.7
2.8
2.9
1.6
3.8
5.0
6.8
4.1
5.1
4.7
4.2
5.1
5.2
4.9
4.4
5.1
3.5
3.1
4.3
4.4
Battery 9
Date
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
12/25/99
12/26/99
Opacity
4.5
4.0
4.7
6.9
5.6
5.2
6.3
4.8
4.2
3.0
3.5
4.8
4.6
3.2
6.0
7.6
3.6
3.7
4.5
4.5
10.4
7.3
5.1
2.4
4.8
4.3
3.4
4.2
4.1
1.1
4.9
4.9
6.5
4.4
2.9
4.8
6.7
8.9
7.8
9.6
5.8
5.4
4.4
6.1
4.8
7.8
C-12
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 1
Date
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
0.40
0.64
0.33
4.02
5.61
2.05
7.60
8.88
3.95
2.78
5.01
3.16
8.09
6.51
3.93
4.73
3.61
3.36
1.53
1.79
1.13
1.72
2.80
1.40
2.14
2.03
2.19
1.72
1.95
1.66
2.23
2.83
2.21
2.10
1.80
2.18
Battery 2
Date
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
1.75
1.13
1.90
1.47
1.45
1.32
3.06
1.65
3.15
4.31
3.32
1.84
2.87
2.06
2.33
2.12
2.42
0.90
1.14
1.33
2.63
2.12
5.09
1.80
1.45
1.42
1.36
1.47
1.05
1.63
1.15
1.95
1.27
1.73
1.75
1.27
Battery 3
Date
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
3.3
3.5
3.2
2.8
1.8
3.0
1.4
2.6
3.5
5.0
5.8
3.3
6.6
5.2
4.8
4.5
4.3
2.3
3.2
4.3
3.6
3.2
6.4
1.9
2.1
3.6
2.7
3.0
2.0
2.3
3.8
3.3
2.3
12.0
4.4
5.2
Battery 7
Date
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
3.2
2.8
4.2
2.9
4.2
3.4
3.6
2.4
2.5
3.8
5.0
4.0
5.3
5.6
5.6
2.6
3.0
4.8
3.7
3.4
2.4
2.3
3.2
2.4
5.5
6.8
2.9
4.5
6.4
2.4
3.5
4.0
2.9
3.8
3.8
3.3
Battery 8
Date
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
4.6
5.4
4.8
7.3
5.3
4.7
10.4
5.0
4.6
4.2
6.2
3.5
6.1
5.3
6.2
5.9
3.9
3.4
5.0
5.9
5.7
6.7
6.6
5.1
5.6
5.7
8.1
5.5
4.2
3.1
3.9
4.3
4.6
6.4
7.6
3.9
Battery 9
Date
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
12.9
8.0
10.4
17.6
10.6
5.5
10.0
8.7
12.9
4.5
7.9
3.0
8.9
8.1
4.7
5.3
5.6
4.7
4.5
4.8
5.3
5.4
6.7
9.1
10.3
4.9
5.8
4.8
5.7
4.0
3.4
3.3
5.2
4.5
8.6
3.0
C-13
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
Opacity
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.9
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.8
0.5
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.5
1.1
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.8
0.9
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.8
0.3
0.4
0.7
1.1
Battery 14
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
Opacity
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.2
1.1
0.8
0.8
1.2
0.7
0.9
1.2
0.8
0.9
1.3
0.4
1.1
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.8
1.2
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.7
0.9
1.1
0.9
1.2
2.0
1.2
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.9
Battery 15
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
Opacity
0.8
0.7
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.5
1.1
0.7
0.6
1.1
0.6
1.3
0.9
0.5
0.9
0.4
1.0
0.6
1.9
2.5
2.5
2.6
3.2
2.8
2.4
3.8
3.1
2.7
2.2
3.2
3.6
3.5
3.2
2.7
2.2
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.6
1.6
2.2
1.7
1.8
2.4
1.8
Battery 19
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
Opacity
2.9
2.0
2.1
2.8
1.5
2.6
3.2
2.5
3.8
3.8
3.4
2.7
3.7
8.9
4.9
5.1
4.3
3.7
4.2
4.9
4.9
4.9
8.6
5.1
5.4
4.8
4.7
4.7
4.3
5.1
5.1
5.9
4.8
5.2
3.7
4.2
4.9
6.0
4.3
4.4
5.6
4.6
4.9
4.7
5.1
Battery 20
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
Opacity
1.8
1.9
1.1
1.7
0.9
2.1
3.1
6.0
3.6
3.5
10.3
3.4
3.9
2.9
3.1
2.4
2.6
1.4
12.6
1.9
1.6
1.4
1.7
1.8
1.7
2.0
4.5
2.2
4.1
8.9
3.3
6.5
4.4
3.1
4.5
2.2
2.1
3.6
2.6
2.3
3.4
2.9
3.5
2.9
3.2
Battery B
Date
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
Opacity
1.4
1.2
2.0
1.2
0.6
2.0
1.7
1.8
2.8
2.2
2.5
3.8
1.5
2.4
2.6
1.0
1.8
1.9
2.3
2.1
2.1
2.3
1.4
2.7
3.0
2.7
3.9
3.1
3.8
5.0
4.7
2.8
4.5
3.4
2.4
2.4
4.6
4.4
5.7
5.3
4.8
5.1
2.6
5.1
3.3
C-14
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
9/21/98
9/22/98
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
Opacity
0.5
0.6
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.0
0.7
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.3
0.6
0.9
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.2
0.8
0.5
0.9
1.0
0.9
1.6
1.6
1.2
0.6
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.5
0.8
1.6
Battery 14
Date
9/21/98
9/22/98
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
Opacity
0.4
0.7
0.7
0.8
1.2
0.7
0.7
0.8
1.0
0.9
0.9
1.3
1.0
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.8
1.0
0.8
1.1
1.9
1.4
1.9
1.7
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.9
1.8
1.9
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.4
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.5
2.3
Battery 15
Date
9/21/98
9/22/98
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
Opacity
1.4
1.9
1.7
2.6
2.1
2.3
2.3
1.6
1.8
3.5
2.2
1.8
2.0
1.7
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.7
1.4
1.3
2.1
2.6
2.9
3.1
2.8
3.0
3.0
2.6
2.7
3.0
3.5
3.5
3.0
2.8
2.5
2.7
2.3
2.6
2.2
2.3
2.7
2.2
2.2
2.9
3.0
Battery 19
Date
9/21/98
9/22/98
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
Opacity
5.5
5.1
4.3
4.7
5.4
5.8
6.0
5.4
8.1
7.7
5.1
4.6
3.9
5.1
7.1
9.4
10.1
9.9
9.9
11.6
9.3
7.2
9.8
9.1
11.5
15.4
12.9
6.9
10.0
10.6
7.5
6.9
6.5
7.8
6.9
10.0
5.7
9.7
5.5
4.5
4.0
4.1
6.2
5.7
6.5
7.4
Battery 20
Date
9/21/98
9/22/98
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
Opacity
3.1
4.3
9.6
8.3
5.4
3.8
2.3
2.2
2.4
2.6
4.3
2.5
1.9
1.6
2.4
3.1
3.2
1.9
2.3
2.5
4.3
5.5
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.2
2.5
2.2
1.3
1.4
2.1
2.0
0.9
0.6
1.0
2.6
2.0
1.7
2.1
3.4
5.5
4.2
2.2
1.9
1.7
1.6
Battery B
Date
9/21/98
9/22/98
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
Opacity
2.3
3.1
3.4
3.4
3.2
2.6
2.5
4.7
2.5
2.4
3.7
3.5
3.6
3.2
3.8
4.3
3.5
2.7
3.6
2.9
3.8
4.3
3.1
3.3
4.1
2.4
2.8
2.6
3.6
3.5
6.0
6.7
5.9
6.2
4.7
5.6
4.0
5.5
8.2
2.5
5.1
4.9
5.7
5.2
5.4
8.7
C-15
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
11/6/98
11/7/98
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
Opacity
2.0
2.0
1.9
1.9
0.6
0.5
0.7
1.6
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.7
0.7
0.6
1.4
1.1
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.6
0.5
1.1
1.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.9
1.5
1.7
2.2
1.9
2.1
1.4
2.0
2.1
2.2
1.7
2.1
1.5
1.4
1.5
Battery 14
Date
11/6/98
11/7/98
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
Opacity
1.9
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.6
1.7
2.2
1.3
1.1
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.8
1.7
1.1
1.4
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.8
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.0
1.5
1.9
1.6
2.3
1.7
1.7
1.5
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.4
1.3
1.3
Battery 15
Date
11/6/98
11/7/98
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
Opacity
3.5
2.9
3.0
2.0
2.7
2.3
3.0
3.5
2.4
2.0
2.5
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.0
2.3
2.0
1.9
2.3
2.6
2.2
1.7
2.0
2.3
2.9
2.8
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.2
2.3
2.3
2.7
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.5
4.0
4.0
4.5
5.2
4.8
4.6
4.8
Battery 19
Date
11/6/98
11/7/98
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
Opacity
4.1
4.5
4.8
5.1
3.7
4.8
2.9
4.0
3.7
3.4
3.0
2.7
2.5
3.2
1.6
3.6
3.5
2.7
2.8
3.8
3.6
2.6
3.3
3.6
3.2
4.4
4.8
7.1
4.2
5.3
4.7
3.6
7.1
6.3
6.4
3.7
5.9
9.2
4.8
3.2
6.2
7.7
7.2
6.0
6.0
6.4
Battery 20
Date
11/6/98
11/7/98
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
Opacity
2.7
0.9
1.3
0.5
1.8
1.6
2.0
3.9
2.4
5.3
6.1
3.7
1.4
3.3
1.6
3.4
3.1
2.6
2.5
1.2
2.9
3.7
3.1
1.5
4.2
6.3
3.7
2.6
1.8
0.7
0.3
1.0
1.3
0.6
0.5
0.3
0.8
1.3
0.6
0.4
0.3
4.9
6.7
4.9
1.4
1.4
Battery B
Date
11/6/98
11/7/98
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
Opacity
6.8
9.5
8.7
7.3
8.6
6.6
4.5
5.9
5.1
8.4
7.9
7.3
6.3
19.7
14.3
18.4
21.2
43.9
17.8
12.6
12.4
11.0
10.9
8.8
7.4
6.4
6.8
4.8
4.4
4.0
5.0
3.7
4.3
3.1
5.3
5.4
8.9
4.4
4.1
3.3
4.7
3.9
4.6
3.4
2.5
3.4
C-16
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
Opacity
2.5
3.2
2.5
2.9
2.3
2.1
1.8
2.4
3.2
3.5
3.2
3.2
2.6
3.5
14.4
9.1
1.6
1.1
1.3
1.9
2.6
0.7
0.7
1.2
1.7
1.0
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.1
0.5
0.2
0.8
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.5
1.0
1.1
1.0
0.8
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.2
Battery 14
Date
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
Opacity
1.8
2.0
2.0
1.9
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.7
2.0
2.2
2.3
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.3
2.1
2.2
1.8
2.1
2.3
3.1
1.8
1.8
2.1
2.5
1.9
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.5
1.4
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.6
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.7
1.7
1.8
2.0
1.9
Battery 15
Date
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
Opacity
3.0
1.8
1.9
2.0
1.6
2.3
2.1
2.9
4.0
5.0
4.8
4.9
6.5
4.7
1.6
1.5
1.7
1.8
2.0
2.8
3.5
3.0
2.7
3.4
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.7
4.3
4.3
4.6
2.9
0.8
2.0
2.0
1.9
2.1
2.6
3.0
3.4
3.2
3.4
3.6
4.1
4.3
2.8
Battery 19
Date
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
Opacity
6.5
4.5
4.1
4.9
4.8
5.2
5.9
4.0
4.5
6.1
8.0
6.3
7.2
4.0
5.3
5.8
5.2
11.3
7.4
9.0
8.9
6.9
5.0
4.8
3.9
6.1
7.3
6.5
5.3
5.6
5.6
6.3
4.3
3.1
1.8
2.8
3.2
2.5
2.3
2.5
4.0
7.3
4.6
2.3
2.9
2.5
Battery 20
Date
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
Opacity
9.8
2.4
0.9
1.5
1.7
1.2
0.5
2.1
1.8
3.6
7.0
6.3
3.6
2.2
4.4
2.7
1.1
1.0
0.9
1.2
1.6
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.0
1.0
0.4
0.6
1.3
0.9
0.6
0.7
1.0
1.8
1.5
1.2
1.1
1.9
1.5
1.2
1.2
1.3
2.0
1.3
1.1
1.5
Battery B
Date
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
1/10/99
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
Opacity
3.9
6.0
7.7
6.7
6.9
7.0
6.9
5.9
4.6
7.0
6.6
6.9
5.7
7.3
6.7
7.3
9.2
11.3
7.8
8.6
9.3
7.5
4.4
5.8
6.1
5.3
3.4
9.0
9.1
7.9
5.0
2.7
2.4
2.6
3.0
3.2
5.3
3.3
3.5
5.0
5.0
4.4
4.9
4.5
5.0
3.9
C-17
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
2/6/99
2/7/99
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
Opacity
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.5
2.2
1.8
1.6
1.0
1.1
1.5
1.6
2.3
2.3
2.1
2.1
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.3
3.3
3.0
2.7
3.4
3.4
3.4
4.0
3.8
3.6
3.7
3.5
2.6
2.4
2.6
2.2
2.2
1.8
1.8
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.7
2.6
Battery 14
Date
2/6/99
2/7/99
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
Opacity
1.8
2.2
2.1
2.1
1.8
1.6
1.6
2.2
2.4
2.0
1.6
1.5
1.8
2.0
2.4
2.1
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.8
2.0
1.6
2.0
1.9
1.6
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.4
2.2
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.0
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.0
0.9
Battery 15
Date
2/6/99
2/7/99
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
Opacity
1.8
1.9
2.8
2.7
2.7
3.1
4.0
4.2
4.6
5.0
4.8
5.6
5.6
5.6
6.4
6.3
3.4
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.7
1.1
1.6
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.9
3.2
3.0
3.1
3.5
2.6
1.1
0.5
0.9
0.6
0.9
1.0
1.9
2.1
1.6
2.3
3.0
2.5
Battery 19
Date
2/6/99
2/7/99
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
Opacity
4.8
6.9
4.2
7.1
11.4
4.3
3.8
4.9
3.1
4.8
3.2
3.5
3.6
2.5
4.4
3.3
3.4
4.0
8.4
4.4
4.0
4.0
3.7
3.5
3.6
3.4
3.4
4.5
4.5
4.3
3.4
3.5
4.2
10.2
4.0
3.7
4.0
4.6
4.7
5.3
6.5
7.1
7.0
5.8
5.2
6.2
Battery 20
Date
2/6/99
2/7/99
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
Opacity
1.2
2.1
0.8
1.3
1.7
1.4
2.1
2.9
2.4
0.9
0.8
1.5
1.4
1.8
0.7
1.4
0.9
1.5
0.8
0.8
1.0
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.1
0.6
0.9
0.9
0.5
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.9
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.1
4.0
3.3
3.7
Battery B
Date
2/6/99
2/7/99
2/8/99
2/9/99
2/10/99
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
3/13/99
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
Opacity
3.8
7.9
5.1
3.0
3.1
7.4
3.7
4.1
4.0
3.2
2.7
3.1
3.3
3.0
3.4
2.6
4.2
3.0
3.4
3.2
4.3
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.2
4.5
3.0
3.9
2.6
3.1
2.5
3.8
4.8
5.1
2.7
3.0
3.3
2.5
2.1
1.9
1.7
2.1
1.4
1.5
2.0
1.9
C-18
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
3/24/99
3/25/99
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
Opacity
2.8
2.5
2.4
2.3
1.9
2.0
2.0
1.6
1.9
2.1
1.8
2.1
2.5
2.5
2.2
1.5
2.0
1.4
1.9
2.5
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.8
3.0
2.6
2.7
2.8
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.1
2.0
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.5
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.5
1.7
1.9
1.8
2.0
Battery 14
Date
3/24/99
3/25/99
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
Opacity
0.9
1.0
0.9
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.9
0.6
0.8
1.2
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.8
0.8
1.2
1.1
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.2
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.6
0.9
0.9
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.9
0.7
0.6
Battery 15
Date
3/24/99
3/25/99
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
Opacity
2.3
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.9
2.8
3.4
3.8
3.8
3.8
4.1
4.1
6.2
4.9
4.5
5.4
3.1
5.4
4.1
1.8
1.5
1.1
1.2
1.2
0.8
1.2
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.9
Battery 19
Date
3/24/99
3/25/99
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
Opacity
6.5
8.2
8.5
7.1
10.1
16.5
15.8
5.8
6.9
3.4
4.3
4.7
4.0
5.3
6.6
6.3
10.5
6.1
5.7
4.9
6.1
5.9
12.7
22.2
18.1
7.5
6.0
5.4
7.1
5.6
7.9
8.0
8.1
10.4
7.5
8.0
9.4
10.0
8.4
9.7
8.1
10.4
3.8
4.1
8.9
7.3
Battery 20
Date
3/24/99
3/25/99
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
Opacity
3.3
3.0
1.7
1.9
2.0
2.6
2.0
1.1
2.9
2.0
2.1
1.7
1.3
1.6
1.0
2.4
0.8
0.9
1.6
2.3
3.0
4.6
2.1
1.8
2.7
2.7
1.8
1.6
1.4
0.8
1.8
1.4
0.7
3.1
3.4
1.9
1.7
2.5
2.3
1.7
1.1
0.6
1.7
1.6
1.4
2.5
Battery B
Date
3/24/99
3/25/99
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4/13/99
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
Opacity
2.4
3.1
2.6
2.2
1.8
2.2
1.8
1.7
2.2
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.2
1.7
2.3
1.4
2.6
1.4
2.4
2.2
2.0
3.1
2.3
2.8
2.8
2.2
3.3
1.4
2.2
1.8
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.4
1.9
1.5
4.0
9.3
3.6
3.6
4.9
2.4
2.0
2.3
1.9
C-19
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
5/9/99
5/10/99
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
Opacity
2.2
2.1
1.6
1.5
2.1
2.2
2.1
1.9
1.8
2.0
2.4
2.3
2.1
1.0
1.9
1.4
2.3
2.4
1.3
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.5
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.6
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
Battery 14
Date
5/9/99
5/10/99
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
Opacity
0.8
0.9
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.8
13.6
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.8
0.7
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
Battery 15
Date
5/9/99
5/10/99
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
Opacity
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.9
0.4
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.7
1.0
0.7
1.1
0.9
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.5
1.5
1.3
1.0
0.5
0.5
1.0
0.4
0.6
1.0
0.6
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.8
1.0
1.1
0.7
1.2
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
Battery 19
Date
5/9/99
5/10/99
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
Opacity
6.5
6.4
7.9
7.4
6.6
7.0
8.1
6.3
6.5
6.4
5.8
5.7
7.5
6.8
6.0
19.4
21.7
6.2
5.7
5.2
5.2
4.7
8.9
4.7
8.4
10.9
7.7
6.1
6.3
5.3
4.5
3.4
5.0
3.2
3.2
2.8
3.1
3.8
3.0
3.2
3.7
8.8
3.8
3.3
4.7
2.8
Battery 20
Date
5/9/99
5/10/99
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
Opacity
1.9
1.2
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.7
1.6
0.8
0.7
1.7
0.9
1.6
1.4
1.0
0.7
0.8
1.2
2.1
2.2
1.7
1.8
2.1
3.7
5.4
8.1
2.0
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.3
4.2
3.5
7.0
2.2
1.8
2.2
1.5
1.5
2.6
1.2
1.3
0.9
0.8
0.7
1.2
1.3
Battery B
Date
5/9/99
5/10/99
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5/14/99
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
Opacity
1.7
1.2
3.3
2.4
3.6
2.6
2.5
2.6
1.2
2.6
2.6
0.7
1.2
2.4
1.5
2.0
2.8
1.9
1.4
1.0
2.3
1.6
0.9
0.7
1.4
2.6
2.1
1.7
1.2
1.8
1.7
1.2
1.3
2.0
1.8
1.2
0.9
1.3
1.7
2.2
3.7
2.1
1.9
1.6
2.5
2.4
C-20
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
6/24/99
6/25/99
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
Opacity
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.3
1.1
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.8
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.6
1.4
Battery 14
Date
6/24/99
6/25/99
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
Opacity
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.2
0.7
1.0
0.8
Battery 15
Date
6/24/99
6/25/99
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
Opacity
0.6
1.6
0.4
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.9
0.8
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
1.4
0.8
0.6
0.9
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.2
0.5
0.7
1.1
1.3
1.2
1.0
0.6
0.6
4.6
0.5
1.5
1.2
1.4
1.5
0.9
2.3
3.2
1.5
2.4
2.5
Battery 19
Date
6/24/99
6/25/99
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
Opacity
5.6
6.0
4.5
3.4
3.7
4.1
3.1
6.1
9.0
7.9
11.3
6.5
14.8
7.2
8.7
15.9
6.3
4.2
8.9
7.2
4.6
4.0
3.5
3.7
2.9
4.8
4.2
4.3
3.8
3.7
3.1
4.2
9.8
6.7
11.3
11.3
6.7
5.2
7.9
5.2
6.0
8.7
2.5
2.4
3.3
2.7
Battery 20
Date
6/24/99
6/25/99
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
Opacity
0.7
2.9
0.8
0.6
1.9
0.6
0.9
1.1
0.7
1.3
0.9
1.3
1.1
1.2
1.7
2.7
1.1
1.3
1.4
1.7
1.5
1.5
2.4
1.7
1.8
1.2
2.6
2.2
1.3
1.2
1.6
1.3
1.2
1.4
2.9
5.8
0.8
1.3
0.4
1.0
1.0
0.7
0.7
1.5
1.1
1.4
Battery B
Date
6/24/99
6/25/99
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
Opacity
2.8
4.1
3.5
4.0
2.0
2.2
2.2
2.4
7.4
4.0
3.5
2.9
1.8
1.9
2.3
2.3
2.1
3.0
1.4
1.9
2.1
5.6
5.7
3.2
3.1
2.3
3.6
3.0
2.4
2.2
3.0
3.8
2.7
2.2
4.2
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
C-21
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
8/9/99
8/10/99
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
Opacity
0.3
0.4
0.7
0.5
1.0
1.2
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.9
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Battery 14
Date
8/9/99
8/10/99
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
Opacity
0.6
0.2
0.8
0.7
1.0
1.6
0.4
0.5
0.8
0.7
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
4.5
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.4
Battery 15
Date
8/9/99
8/10/99
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
Opacity
2.0
1.5
2.5
2.6
2.3
4.4
1.8
1.2
1.2
2.4
1.2
1.1
0.6
1.1
0.7
1.0
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.3
0.7
1.0
1.2
1.7
2.0
2.3
1.1
1.1
1.7
1.1
1.3
0.7
1.4
2.5
1.8
1.8
1.4
1.6
1.2
Battery 19
Date
8/9/99
8/10/99
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
Opacity
4.0
7.9
14.8
18.5
9.2
22.8
19.7
11.1
8.2
10.2
8.9
4.6
5.3
5.1
6.0
4.7
4.4
2.9
6.3
5.7
5.0
4.9
5.1
8.5
10.0
9.6
9.0
10.3
9.1
9.6
8.8
9.0
8.5
9.3
8.7
9.4
9.3
9.3
7.8
5.4
3.2
2.3
1.9
1.8
2.5
2.1
Battery 20
Date
8/9/99
8/10/99
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
Opacity
1.3
3.3
2.0
1.8
1.2
3.2
1.2
1.6
1.1
1.1
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.4
1.2
10.6
0.6
0.7
0.8
1.3
1.7
1.7
1.9
1.2
1.1
1.5
2.5
1.6
1.7
0.9
1.5
0.9
1.2
7.2
2.8
1.0
4.2
7.3
1.9
2.3
1.8
1.5
0.8
1.6
1.5
1.6
Battery B
Date
8/9/99
8/10/99
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
Opacity
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.4
26.3
41.4
38.9
44.1
33.8
20.2
15.8
27.7
27.0
18.6
15.6
8.6
7.4
6.8
4.5
4.6
3.8
3.0
2.8
1.8
2.2
2.9
2.0
2.9
2.6
1.8
1.9
2.5
2.4
C-22
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
9/24/99
9/25/99
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
Opacity
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.7
0.8
1.0
0.6
0.3
0.7
1.1
0.7
0.9
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
1.3
1.1
1.5
0.9
0.4
0.5
1.2
1.5
1.4
1.6
1.6
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.9
2.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.3
0.9
0.9
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.7
Battery 14
Date
9/24/99
9/25/99
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
Opacity
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
Battery 15
Date
9/24/99
9/25/99
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
Opacity
1.8
2.5
2.6
2.6
1.8
1.5
2.4
2.1
3.1
3.6
3.0
0.6
1.6
1.9
2.5
2.7
3.3
2.3
1.3
2.8
3.0
1.9
1.5
1.5
2.7
3.1
2.0
2.4
2.6
3.3
2.5
2.6
1.9
1.3
0.9
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.3
1.0
1.2
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.7
Battery 19
Date
9/24/99
9/25/99
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
Opacity
2.9
2.6
1.7
2.2
2.7
3.1
4.4
5.1
5.1
4.7
6.2
5.4
5.5
4.9
5.1
6.2
7.0
7.4
5.6
4.1
6.0
4.3
7.1
10.2
4.5
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.7
4.8
3.6
3.7
4.6
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.6
1.8
3.0
3.3
3.9
4.7
2.1
3.1
2.3
Battery 20
Date
9/24/99
9/25/99
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
Opacity
2.4
1.3
0.9
1.0
1.9
2.1
1.4
1.7
2.0
1.7
3.5
2.4
2.9
3.4
3.6
3.3
4.2
4.9
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.5
2.7
2.7
3.5
2.6
1.6
5.4
2.3
5.6
4.6
3.8
3.4
6.1
6.1
4.9
4.0
3.8
3.3
2.8
4.2
5.6
5.6
3.7
2.8
4.7
Battery B
Date
9/24/99
9/25/99
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
Opacity
2.3
2.4
1.7
1.3
1.6
1.4
1.7
2.4
1.3
1.5
2.7
1.1
2.1
2.3
2.0
2.1
1.9
2.1
1.1
1.4
1.0
1.5
0.9
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.5
1.1
1.3
3.3
4.1
2.3
1.2
0.8
1.5
2.1
0.9
1.6
1.1
1.6
2.1
1.7
1.2
1.0
2.0
2.1
C-23
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
11/9/99
11/10/99
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
Opacity
0.3
0.2
0.8
1.1
1.5
1.1
1.7
2.2
2.9
1.9
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.7
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.3
1.2
0.7
0.2
0.8
1.3
1.6
1.3
0.4
1.0
1.3
0.8
0.8
1.3
1.4
1.0
1.2
1.1
1.3
2.0
1.7
1.9
2.3
Battery 14
Date
11/9/99
11/10/99
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
Opacity
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
Battery 15
Date
11/9/99
11/10/99
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
Opacity
0.6
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.9
0.4
0.8
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.9
1.0
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.6
1.2
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.3
0.9
1.1
0.9
7.5
Battery 19
Date
11/9/99
11/10/99
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
Opacity
3.3
2.3
4.0
4.3
2.9
4.0
8.5
2.2
2.7
3.3
1.9
3.7
3.7
3.7
5.8
6.4
4.8
1.9
2.2
1.3
1.9
2.9
2.0
2.0
1.2
1.2
1.0
0.9
1.2
0.9
1.7
0.5
1.4
0.7
1.0
3.0
1.6
3.2
2.8
4.5
2.8
4.9
4.3
3.9
5.1
5.1
Battery 20
Date
11/9/99
11/10/99
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
Opacity
4.5
4.5
7.2
3.3
4.8
4.2
4.3
3.5
6.9
4.5
4.1
6.9
6.3
4.8
3.3
4.3
5.3
6.8
8.0
7.9
3.9
4.5
8.0
5.1
6.3
5.7
4.9
4.2
4.1
6.7
9.3
5.1
5.7
2.8
4.1
3.1
2.7
3.5
4.6
4.0
2.7
2.9
4.1
4.0
3.6
4.1
Battery B
Date
11/9/99
11/10/99
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
Opacity
1.5
2.5
1.7
0.8
2.4
2.6
1.4
2.9
3.5
1.9
2.1
2.4
2.0
2.2
1.9
1.7
1.4
2.7
1.4
1.9
2.7
1.8
2.5
3.3
2.5
1.8
2.5
1.9
5.3
3.8
3.8
0.7
3.3
2.9
2.4
2.1
3.8
3.0
3.1
3.7
2.0
3.4
1.4
1.8
2.3
1.7
C-24
-------
C-l. USS CLAIRTON OPACITY - DAILY AVERAGES (continued)
Battery 13
Date
12/25/99
12/26/99
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
3.4
2.3
2.9
4.5
3.5
2.3
0.9
1.2
0.5
0.7
0.9
0.7
0.8
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.9
0.7
2.0
1.3
1.2
2.4
2.0
1.6
2.0
2.1
7.0
0.7
0.9
0.4
1.3
1.1
1.8
2.5
0.4
0.4
Battery 14
Date
12/25/99
12/26/99
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
0.7
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.1
1.0
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.9
0.6
0.8
0.5
0.9
0.8
0.9
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.8
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.5
1.3
0.0
0.2
0.3
Battery 15
Date
12/25/99
12/26/99
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.1
2.5
1.2
1.3
0.8
1.4
0.6
0.6
1.1
0.9
10.1
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.7
0.7
1.1
1.3
1.3
1.0
2.3
2.3
0.7
0.5
0.8
0.7
0.5
2.8
1.6
0.9
1.3
1.5
0.5
1.0
Battery 19
Date
12/25/99
12/26/99
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
5.7
12.0
12.4
10.1
42.6
35.9
12.6
17.1
23.6
13.2
8.8
8.8
7.1
4.6
6.6
5.9
8.1
7.8
7.8
6.4
5.9
4.9
6.5
4.0
6.1
5.6
3.6
2.6
4.5
11.5
4.1
4.7
14.7
13.7
5.0
4.6
3.8
2.3
Battery 20
Date
12/25/99
12/26/99
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
3.9
4.1
6.4
4.8
6.5
8.7
6.7
5.4
5.3
3.4
4.0
4.5
3.8
1.7
3.5
4.7
4.8
8.0
5.8
6.9
8.8
6.4
8.7
7.9
6.4
5.0
4.6
8.3
8.2
8.8
6.7
5.4
7.3
7.6
6.9
7.8
7.2
6.1
Battery B
Date
12/25/99
12/26/99
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
1/11/00
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
Opacity
2.7
2.6
2.1
1.8
2.0
2.5
1.4
1.5
2.3
0.8
2.2
2.3
2.7
0.6
1.5
2.0
2.6
1.2
2.7
2.3
2.5
2.9
2.3
3.2
3.2
3.9
2.9
4.3
6.3
3.7
3.6
3.5
4.4
4.4
4.3
3.2
4.0
2.7
C-25
-------
Date
8/1/93
8/2/93
8/3/93
8/4/93
8/5/93
8/6/93
8/7/93
8/8/93
8/9/93
8/10/93
8/11/93
8/12/93
8/13/93
8/14/93
8/15/93
8/16/93
8/17/93
8/18/93
8/19/93
8/20/93
8/21/93
8/22/93
8/23/93
8/24/93
8/25/93
8/26/93
8/27/93
8/28/93
8/29/93
8/30/93
8/31/93
C-2
Opacity
26.5
24.9
16.9
12.0
14.2
22.0
20.9
16.2
10.9
12.9
16.2
10.8
11.8
10.6
9.7
10.5
11.3
13.7
12.1
10.7
7.4
5.7
11.0
9.5
9.6
13.1
14.4
6.1
15.0
11.4
9.2
. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date
1/1/94 5.6 1/1/95 5.9 1/1/96 8.4 1/1/97 4.8 1/8/98 7.3 1/10/99 7.4 1/11/00
1/2/94
1/3/94
1/4/94
1/5/94
1/6/94
1/7/94
1/8/94
1/9/94
1/10/94
1/11/94
1/12/94
1/13/94
1/14/94
1/15/94
1/16/94
1/17/94
1/18/94
1/19/94
1/20/94
1/21/94
1/22/94
1/23/94
1/24/94
1/25/94
1/26/94
1/27/94
1/28/94
1/29/94
1/30/94
1/31/94
2.7
3.5
5.6
6.6
12.8
6.1
5.6
6.0
10.8
6.7
3.0
1.1
2.7
14.1
11.7
3.5
8.2
10.7
5.0
4.5
4.6
6.8
3.8
3.2
1.9
20.8
37.9
9.2
6.3
5.9
1/2/95
1/3/95
1/4/95
1/5/95
1/6/95
1/7/95
1/8/95
1/9/95
1/10/95
1/11/95
1/12/95
1/13/95
1/14/95
1/15/95
1/16/95
1/17/95
1/18/95
1/19/95
1/20/95
1/21/95
1/22/95
1/23/95
1/24/95
1/25/95
1/26/95
1/27/95
1/28/95
1/29/95
1/30/95
1/31/95
1.6
2.7
0.8
1.2
3.7
2.7
1.4
2.8
1.1
8.0
12.7
24.1
30.1
15.4
14.8
6.8
3.7
26.7
12.6
3.8
3.9
2.3
1.8
4.7
3.9
5.9
4.5
5.5
5.5
8.2
1/2/96
1/3/96
1/4/96
1/5/96
1/6/96
1/7/96
1/8/96
1/9/96
1/10/96
1/11/96
1/12/96
1/13/96
1/14/96
1/15/96
1/16/96
1/17/96
1/18/96
1/19/96
1/20/96
1/21/96
1/22/96
1/23/96
1/24/96
1/25/96
1/26/96
1/27/96
1/28/96
1/29/96
1/30/96
1/31/96
7.7
8.0
8.0
7.8
8.2
7.7
9.0
7.7
8.0
9.1
9.9
12.3
8.3
8.3
7.8
10.8
8.5
8.2
7.7
7.6
10.1
8.3
11.4
10.1
9.2
11.2
12.4
5.0
4.3
11.0
1/2/97
1/3/97
1/4/97
1/5/97
1/6/97
1/7/97
1/8/97
1/9/97
1/10/97
1/11/97
1/12/97
1/13/97
1/14/97
1/15/97
1/16/97
1/17/97
1/18/97
1/19/97
1/20/97
1/21/97
1/22/97
1/23/97
1/24/97
1/25/97
1/26/97
1/27/97
1/28/97
1/29/97
1/30/97
2/1/97
5.9
6.7
7.3
5.5
7.6
5.9
7.9
4.4
4.2
2.7
6.0
3.0
6.0
6.1
5.1
10.2
10.6
6.6
11.0
13.7
10.7
9.7
12.7
9.8
7.6
11.7
7.2
10.0
7.5
4.7
1/9/98
1/10/98
1/11/98
1/12/98
1/13/98
1/14/98
1/15/98
1/16/98
1/17/98
1/18/98
1/19/98
1/20/98
1/21/98
1/22/98
1/23/98
1/24/98
1/25/98
1/26/98
1/27/98
1/28/98
1/29/98
1/30/98
1/31/98
2/1/98
2/2/98
2/3/98
2/4/98
2/5/98
2/6/98
2/7/98
1.7
7.9
5.9
2.6
8.0
1.3
2.0
3.6
2.6
3.5
2.2
1.9
1.5
1.6
2.1
1.9
1.7
1.8
1.7
3.4
2.1
2.0
1.8
2.1
1.9
1.8
1.6
2.0
1.9
2.1
1/11/99
1/12/99
1/13/99
1/14/99
1/15/99
1/16/99
1/17/99
1/18/99
1/19/99
1/20/99
1/21/99
1/22/99
1/23/99
1/24/99
1/25/99
1/26/99
1/27/99
1/28/99
1/29/99
1/30/99
1/31/99
2/1/99
2/2/99
2/3/99
2/4/99
2/5/99
2/6/99
2/7/99
2/8/99
2/9/99
7.0
4.4
4.9
5.4
4.8
3.7
3.2
3.3
4.6
3.9
3.1
2.5
2.8
3.8
4.4
4.3
3.4
4.6
3.7
4.1
3.2
4.2
4.1
4.4
3.5
3.5
4.1
4.1
3.9
3.6
1/12/00
1/13/00
1/14/00
1/15/00
1/16/00
1/17/00
1/18/00
1/19/00
1/20/00
1/21/00
1/22/00
1/23/00
1/24/00
1/25/00
1/26/00
1/27/00
1/28/00
1/29/00
1/30/00
1/31/00
2/1/00
2/2/00
2/3/00
2/4/00
2/5/00
2/6/00
2/7/00
2/8/00
2/9/00
2/10/00
Opacity
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.7
0.5
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.9
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.7
1.0
C-26
-------
Date
9/1/93
9/2/93
9/3/93
9/4/93
9/5/93
9/6/93
9/7/93
9/8/93
9/9/93
9/10/93
9/11/93
9/12/93
9/13/93
9/14/93
9/15/93
9/16/93
9/17/93
9/18/93
9/19/93
9/20/93
9/21/93
9/22/93
9/23/93
9/24/93
9/25/93
9/26/93
9/27/93
9/28/93
9/29/93
9/30/93
10/1/93
C-2
Opacity
7.8
14.3
9.6
8.1
9.2
9.7
6.8
8.5
7.3
2.2
4.2
6.0
6.9
21.6
8.5
4.6
6.2
7.3
6.7
7.1
10.3
9.2
7.4
4.3
11.4
7.9
18.3
4.7
3.5
8.2
7.2
. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date
2/1/94 18.0 2/1/95 9.2 2/1/96 12.4 2/2/97 4.1 2/8/98 2.2 2/10/99 4.3 2/11/00
2/2/94
2/3/94
2/4/94
2/5/94
2/6/94
2/7/94
2/8/94
2/9/94
2/10/94
2/11/94
2/12/94
2/13/94
2/14/94
2/15/94
2/16/94
2/17/94
2/18/94
2/19/94
2/20/94
2/21/94
2/22/94
2/23/94
2/24/94
2/25/94
2/26/94
2/27/94
2/28/94
3/1/94
3/2/94
3/3/94
10.8
24.3
13.7
23.7
20.7
17.0
11.8
16.2
16.4
16.0
20.2
10.1
5.5
3.4
4.5
5.7
5.2
9.5
7.4
5.6
11.4
7.3
5.9
28.0
20.0
13.1
9.8
6.7
11.2
8.8
2/2/95
2/3/95
2/4/95
2/5/95
2/6/95
2/7/95
2/8/95
2/9/95
2/10/95
2/11/95
2/12/95
2/13/95
2/14/95
2/15/95
2/16/95
2/17/95
2/18/95
2/19/95
2/20/95
2/21/95
2/22/95
2/23/95
2/24/95
2/25/95
2/26/95
2/27/95
2/28/95
3/1/95
3/2/95
3/3/95
4.5
6.8
8.9
10.5
4.5
4.0
3.3
5.2
5.2
5.7
5.6
5.4
4.1
17.1
9.1
8.8
8.0
15.8
16.7
7.1
5.8
17.6
8.3
9.0
13.1
29.8
14.7
6.5
12.5
9.5
2/2/96
2/3/96
2/4/96
2/5/96
2/6/96
2/7/96
2/8/96
2/9/96
2/10/96
2/11/96
2/12/96
2/13/96
2/14/96
2/15/96
2/16/96
2/17/96
2/18/96
2/19/96
2/20/96
2/21/96
2/22/96
2/23/96
2/24/96
2/25/96
2/26/96
2/27/96
2/28/96
3/1/96
3/2/96
3/3/96
28.9
39.0
35.5
16.5
8.1
9.6
9.4
8.4
8.2
8.1
8.7
8.4
8.8
8.8
8.7
9.3
9.7
9.5
8.4
7.5
7.7
7.8
8.4
8.8
9.2
9.1
8.4
8.7
9.9
11.0
2/3/97
2/4/97
2/5/97
2/6/97
2/7/97
2/8/97
2/9/97
2/10/97
2/11/97
2/12/97
2/13/97
2/14/97
2/15/97
2/16/97
2/17/97
2/18/97
2/19/97
2/20/97
2/21/97
2/22/97
2/23/97
2/24/97
2/25/97
2/26/97
2/27/97
2/28/97
3/1/97
3/2/97
3/3/97
3/4/97
3.5
3.1
7.7
7.7
5.4
3.7
4.4
4.3
3.6
3.7
2.7
3.6
3.5
3.1
3.5
4.8
12.1
4.6
5.0
4.1
4.2
4.6
4.7
4.5
4.5
5.8
5.9
7.1
4.5
5.8
2/9/98
2/10/98
2/11/98
2/12/98
2/13/98
2/14/98
2/15/98
2/16/98
2/17/98
2/18/98
2/19/98
2/20/98
2/21/98
2/22/98
2/23/98
2/24/98
2/25/98
2/26/98
2/27/98
2/28/98
3/1/98
3/2/98
3/3/98
3/4/98
3/5/98
3/6/98
3/7/98
3/8/98
3/9/98
3/10/98
2.6
2.1
2.8
1.7
1.2
1.8
2.0
1.6
2.4
2.2
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.3
2.1
2.7
3.4
3.4
3.2
2.7
2.2
2.1
2.4
2.3
3.7
2.4
2.8
2.7
2.6
2/11/99
2/12/99
2/13/99
2/14/99
2/15/99
2/16/99
2/17/99
2/18/99
2/19/99
2/20/99
2/21/99
2/22/99
2/23/99
2/24/99
2/25/99
2/26/99
2/27/99
2/28/99
3/1/99
3/2/99
3/3/99
3/4/99
3/5/99
3/6/99
3/7/99
3/8/99
3/9/99
3/10/99
3/11/99
3/12/99
5.1
4.6
5.0
4.4
2.8
3.8
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.0
4.0
3.9
3.4
4.2
5.2
4.6
4.8
3.9
3.8
4.5
3.1
4.1
3.7
3.0
3.3
2.6
2.6
4.1
4.2
4.3
2/12/00
2/13/00
2/14/00
2/15/00
2/16/00
2/17/00
2/18/00
2/19/00
2/20/00
2/21/00
2/22/00
2/23/00
2/24/00
2/25/00
2/26/00
2/27/00
2/28/00
2/29/00
3/1/00
3/2/00
3/3/00
3/4/00
3/5/00
3/6/00
3/7/00
3/8/00
3/9/00
3/10/00
3/11/00
3/12/00
Opacity
1.0
1.2
1.2
0.7
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.3
1.0
0.7
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.3
2 2
0.7
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.9
C-27
-------
Date
10/2/93
10/3/93
10/4/93
10/5/93
10/6/93
10/7/93
10/8/93
10/9/93
10/10/93
10/11/93
10/12/93
10/13/93
10/14/93
10/15/93
10/16/93
10/17/93
10/18/93
10/19/93
10/20/93
10/21/93
10/22/93
10/23/93
10/24/93
10/25/93
10/26/93
10/27/93
10/28/93
10/29/93
10/30/93
10/31/93
11/1/93
C-2
Opacity
4.0
4.5
5.1
4.0
5.1
7.8
8.6
6.3
2.4
3.8
5.5
2.3
8.3
5.5
29.5
36.9
7.5
7.5
11.9
5.7
11.6
7.7
8.4
8.1
8.2
4.6
5.5
4.9
6.8
5.3
6.5
. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date
3/4/94 8.5 3/4/95 9.1 3/4/96 9.0 3/5/97 6.0 3/11/98 2.8 3/13/99 4.1 3/13/00
3/5/94
3/6/94
3/7/94
3/8/94
3/9/94
3/10/94
3/11/94
3/12/94
3/13/94
3/14/94
3/15/94
3/16/94
3/17/94
3/18/94
3/19/94
3/20/94
3/21/94
3/22/94
3/23/94
3/24/94
3/25/94
3/26/94
3/27/94
3/28/94
3/29/94
3/30/94
3/31/94
4/1/94
4/2/94
4/3/94
9.0
7.8
8.7
6.0
8.5
6.7
4.8
7.7
8.0
14.0
7.2
10.8
12.3
10.0
13.8
8.3
20.0
9.2
11.7
11.7
14.2
16.4
14.2
16.2
8.0
6.2
5.0
8.9
6.7
7.5
3/5/95
3/6/95
3/7/95
3/8/95
3/9/95
3/10/95
3/11/95
3/12/95
3/13/95
3/14/95
3/15/95
3/16/95
3/17/95
3/18/95
3/19/95
3/20/95
3/21/95
3/22/95
3/23/95
3/24/95
3/25/95
3/26/95
3/27/95
3/28/95
3/29/95
3/30/95
3/31/95
4/1/95
4/2/95
4/3/95
23.5
14.3
27.8
4.2
7.6
7.7
6.2
10.4
9.0
13.9
12.9
7.5
7.1
5.8
6.7
4.4
1.1
1.7
1.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
1.5
1.8
5.6
16.5
9.4
7.2
7.8
8.8
3/5/96
3/6/96
3/7/96
3/8/96
3/9/96
3/10/96
3/11/96
3/12/96
3/13/96
3/14/96
3/15/96
3/16/96
3/17/96
3/18/96
3/19/96
3/20/96
3/21/96
3/22/96
3/23/96
3/24/96
3/25/96
3/26/96
3/27/96
3/28/96
3/29/96
3/30/96
3/31/96
4/1/96
4/2/96
4/3/96
9.7
8.6
9.0
8.6
8.9
10.1
9.4
9.2
9.7
9.3
10.4
8.1
8.7
8.7
8.6
7.8
10.4
10.4
9.8
8.9
8.6
8.6
10.8
10.0
9.4
9.0
9.1
9.9
8.7
10.0
3/6/97
3/7/97
3/8/97
3/9/97
3/10/97
3/11/97
3/12/97
3/13/97
3/14/97
3/15/97
3/16/97
3/17/97
3/18/97
3/19/97
3/20/97
3/21/97
3/22/97
3/23/97
3/24/97
3/25/97
3/26/97
3/27/97
3/28/97
3/29/97
3/30/97
4/1/97
4/2/97
4/3/97
4/4/97
4/5/97
15.0
6.7
4.3
3.7
3.5
4.0
3.5
2.6
3.4
4.2
4.4
4.4
4.2
5.0
5.6
6.0
4.9
4.3
4.2
13.0
7.0
6.8
7.7
5.0
4.8
5.8
7.0
6.9
6.8
5.5
3/12/98
3/13/98
3/14/98
3/15/98
3/16/98
3/17/98
3/18/98
3/19/98
3/20/98
3/21/98
3/22/98
3/23/98
3/24/98
3/25/98
3/26/98
3/27/98
3/28/98
3/29/98
3/30/98
3/31/98
4/1/98
4/2/98
4/3/98
4/4/98
4/5/98
4/6/98
4/7/98
4/8/98
4/9/98
4/10/98
2.9
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.9
4.9
8.2
7.2
5.2
4.4
4.6
5.0
4.6
6.9
9.5
9.1
7.5
8.4
9.8
9.0
2.9
2.8
2.6
1.9
1.8
2.4
4.1
5.1
3.6
3.7
3/14/99
3/15/99
3/16/99
3/17/99
3/18/99
3/19/99
3/20/99
3/21/99
3/22/99
3/23/99
3/24/99
3/25/99
3/26/99
3/27/99
3/28/99
3/29/99
3/30/99
3/31/99
4/1/99
4/2/99
4/3/99
4/4/99
4/5/99
4/6/99
4/7/99
4/8/99
4/9/99
4/10/99
4/11/99
4/12/99
4.2
4.6
4.2
4.3
4.7
5.0
5.2
5.5
3.8
3.8
4.7
4.2
4.6
5.6
5.7
6.3
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.2
6.5
6.2
4.0
3.9
5.2
5.7
3.8
3.8
3.4
5.0
3/14/00
3/15/00
3/16/00
3/17/00
3/18/00
3/19/00
3/20/00
3/21/00
3/22/00
3/23/00
3/24/00
3/25/00
3/26/00
3/27/00
3/28/00
3/29/00
3/30/00
3/31/00
4/1/00
4/2/00
4/3/00
4/4/00
4/5/00
4/6/00
4/7/00
4/8/00
4/9/00
4/10/00
4/11/00
4/12/00
Opacity
0.5
0.6
1.1
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.5
2.9
5.6
4.7
4.6
5.0
4.5
4.3
4.1
4.3
4.7
4.5
5.0
5.2
5.8
5.3
5.2
5.5
5.9
5.1
4.3
4.7
5.1
4.2
5.1
C-28
-------
Date
11/2/93
11/3/93
11/4/93
11/5/93
11/6/93
11/7/93
11/8/93
11/9/93
11/10/93
11/11/93
11/12/93
11/13/93
11/14/93
11/15/93
11/16/93
11/17/93
11/18/93
11/19/93
11/20/93
11/21/93
11/22/93
11/23/93
11/24/93
11/25/93
11/26/93
11/27/93
11/28/93
11/29/93
11/30/93
12/1/93
12/2/93
C-2
Opacity
9.6
11.8
14.8
8.6
6.5
4.2
5.5
4.0
5.7
7.1
6.9
13.7
14.4
15.1
5.2
6.4
8.2
7.0
7.8
7.9
9.7
6.5
17.7
27.8
5.0
10.0
24.5
14.3
7.4
7.5
17.1
. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date
4/4/94 6.1 4/4/95 7.1 4/4/96 10.9 4/6/97 4.2 4/11/98 5.2 4/13/99 5.6 4/13/00
4/5/94
4/6/94
4/7/94
4/8/94
4/9/94
4/10/94
4/11/94
4/12/94
4/13/94
4/14/94
4/15/94
4/16/94
4/17/94
4/18/94
4/19/94
4/20/94
4/21/94
4/22/94
4/23/94
4/24/94
4/25/94
4/26/94
4/27/94
4/28/94
4/29/94
4/30/94
5/1/94
5/2/94
5/3/94
5/4/94
7.0
7.5
8.2
8.3
11.3
7.0
11.9
25.8
13.5
7.3
11.1
9.3
8.2
10.1
10.9
11.3
20.5
12.8
11.9
10.6
12.2
13.9
10.7
14.2
7.0
20.6
9.5
8.3
13.5
10.0
4/5/95
4/6/95
4/7/95
4/8/95
4/9/95
4/10/95
4/11/95
4/12/95
4/13/95
4/14/95
4/15/95
4/16/95
4/17/95
4/18/95
4/19/95
4/20/95
4/21/95
4/22/95
4/23/95
4/24/95
4/25/95
4/26/95
4/27/95
4/28/95
4/29/95
4/30/95
5/1/95
5/2/95
5/3/95
5/4/95
7.7
18.8
13.4
12.2
7.3
5.9
7.2
6.9
7.8
10.6
6.8
9.9
6.9
3.9
6.5
10.8
10.9
18.4
12.1
23.3
24.6
18.2
1.2
0.3
2 2
0.9
0.6
0.8
4.8
4.6
4/5/96
4/6/96
4/7/96
4/8/96
4/9/96
4/10/96
4/11/96
4/12/96
4/13/96
4/14/96
4/15/96
4/16/96
4/17/96
4/18/96
4/19/96
4/20/96
4/21/96
4/22/96
4/23/96
4/24/96
4/25/96
4/26/96
4/27/96
4/28/96
4/29/96
4/30/96
5/1/96
5/2/96
5/3/96
5/4/96
11.4
9.6
11.7
9.9
9.4
9.6
16.1
9.8
9.1
9.2
9.0
10.0
10.2
9.6
11.5
9.3
9.9
10.4
9.8
9.6
9.1
9.1
10.7
8.6
9.0
8.9
9.3
12.4
10.5
10.2
4/7/97
4/8/97
4/9/97
4/10/97
4/11/97
4/12/97
4/13/97
4/14/97
4/15/97
4/16/97
4/17/97
4/18/97
4/19/97
4/20/97
4/21/97
4/22/97
4/23/97
4/24/97
4/25/97
4/26/97
4/27/97
4/28/97
4/29/97
4/30/97
5/1/97
5/2/97
5/3/97
5/4/97
5/5/97
5/6/97
3.4
4.5
4.8
4.6
4.1
4.6
5.5
6.2
5.3
5.6
4.9
5.8
6.1
5.6
6.1
5.7
6.3
5.0
5.8
5.8
4.9
6.0
4.9
5.4
4.5
3.8
4.0
5.9
5.1
5.7
4/12/98
4/13/98
4/14/98
4/15/98
4/16/98
4/17/98
4/18/98
4/19/98
4/20/98
4/21/98
4/22/98
4/23/98
4/24/98
4/25/98
4/26/98
4/27/98
4/28/98
4/29/98
4/30/98
5/1/98
5/2/98
5/3/98
5/4/98
5/5/98
5/6/98
5/7/98
5/8/98
5/9/98
5/10/98
5/11/98
7.9
7.5
7.9
7.6
4.9
3.6
4.7
5.7
5.0
6.1
6.5
7.8
8.8
7.7
6.5
4.3
5.2
7.8
8.7
8.4
8.4
6.9
8.4
9.6
4.6
4.7
3.2
3.5
3.5
3.9
4/14/99
4/15/99
4/16/99
4/17/99
4/18/99
4/19/99
4/20/99
4/21/99
4/22/99
4/23/99
4/24/99
4/25/99
4/26/99
4/27/99
4/28/99
4/29/99
4/30/99
5/1/99
5/2/99
5/3/99
5/4/99
5/5/99
5/6/99
5/7/99
5/8/99
5/9/99
5/10/99
5/11/99
5/12/99
5/13/99
5.4
4.4
4.1
4.7
4.9
4.7
5.7
5.8
5.1
3.8
4.7
5.0
4.9
4.0
4.3
4.4
4.9
5.9
6.2
7.6
8.0
7.6
5.6
4.2
4.5
5.2
5.7
7.5
7.1
5.6
4/14/00
4/15/00
4/16/00
4/17/00
4/18/00
4/19/00
4/20/00
4/21/00
4/22/00
4/23/00
4/24/00
4/25/00
4/26/00
4/27/00
4/28/00
4/29/00
4/30/00
5/1/00
5/2/00
5/3/00
5/4/00
5/5/00
5/6/00
5/7/00
5/8/00
5/9/00
5/10/00
5/11/00
5/12/00
5/13/00
Opacity
5.0
5.7
5.2
5.2
5.2
6.1
6.5
5.8
5.1
5.8
5.6
5.4
5.5
5.7
6.3
6.2
4.9
5.8
6.2
6.9
6.7
8.6
8.4
7.3
6.9
7.6
5.8
5.6
6.5
7.3
5.5
C-29
-------
Date
12/3/93
12/4/93
12/5/93
12/6/93
12/7/93
12/8/93
12/9/93
12/10/93
12/11/93
12/12/93
12/13/93
12/14/93
12/15/93
12/16/93
12/17/93
12/18/93
12/19/93
12/20/93
12/21/93
12/22/93
12/23/93
12/24/93
12/25/93
12/26/93
12/27/93
12/28/93
12/29/93
12/30/93
12/31/93
C-2
Opacity
11.2
12.7
8.0
9.0
5.4
8.6
7.1
6.1
5.9
3.5
6.8
4.7
3.5
5.0
9.1
15.1
4.7
12.2
8.1
15.2
18.4
8.5
8.2
10.0
6.8
3.4
3.9
6.2
3.4
. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
5/5/94 9.6 5/5/95 4.3 5/5/96 11.0 5/7/97 4.8 5/12/98 5.4 5/14/99 5.4
5/6/94
5/7/94
5/8/94
5/9/94
5/10/94
5/11/94
5/12/94
5/13/94
5/14/94
5/15/94
5/16/94
5/17/94
5/18/94
5/19/94
5/20/94
5/21/94
5/22/94
5/23/94
5/24/94
5/25/94
5/26/94
5/27/94
5/28/94
5/29/94
5/30/94
5/31/94
6/1/94
6/2/94
6/3/94
6/4/94
2.5
15.1
9.5
13.5
11.9
10.5
11.0
11.5
16.0
16.3
9.8
7.1
11.7
16.3
12.2
10.1
10.1
8.4
7.2
10.3
11.1
8.9
9.1
8.2
9.7
12.2
9.1
8.1
8.5
10.6
5/6/95
5/7/95
5/8/95
5/9/95
5/10/95
5/11/95
5/12/95
5/13/95
5/14/95
5/15/95
5/16/95
5/17/95
5/18/95
5/19/95
5/20/95
5/21/95
5/22/95
5/23/95
5/24/95
5/25/95
5/26/95
5/27/95
5/28/95
5/29/95
5/30/95
5/31/95
6/1/95
6/2/95
6/3/95
6/4/95
5.8
6.8
5.9
5.1
13.8
6.3
6.5
7.9
8.5
6.7
6.2
4.1
4.5
5.7
6.5
5.6
6.4
5.2
3.4
6.6
5.5
6.5
6.9
5.3
6.3
6.6
7.4
5.8
12.1
10.6
5/6/96
5/7/96
5/8/96
5/9/96
5/10/96
5/11/96
5/12/96
5/13/96
5/14/96
5/15/96
5/16/96
5/17/96
5/18/96
5/19/96
5/20/96
5/21/96
5/22/96
5/23/96
5/24/96
5/25/96
5/26/96
5/27/96
5/28/96
5/29/96
5/30/96
5/31/96
6/1/96
6/2/96
6/3/96
6/4/96
10.8
10.4
11.3
12.0
12.2
12.4
10.4
10.6
9.8
11.3
10.6
17.0
13.7
12.4
11.7
10.1
12.3
9.6
9.1
9.1
9.2
8.9
8.8
9.8
10.0
10.8
9.7
9.7
9.8
9.9
5/8/97
5/9/97
5/10/97
5/11/97
5/12/97
5/13/97
5/14/97
5/15/97
5/16/97
5/17/97
5/18/97
5/19/97
5/20/97
5/21/97
5/22/97
5/23/97
5/24/97
5/25/97
5/26/97
5/27/97
5/28/97
5/29/97
5/30/97
5/31/97
6/1/97
6/2/97
6/3/97
6/4/97
6/5/97
6/6/97
5.9
4.8
5.7
5.0
5.7
5.3
5.8
4.6
4.9
5.0
5.2
5.7
4.9
4.9
5.9
7.2
10.0
4.9
3.4
5.4
5.2
6.6
6.6
6.3
4.7
5.9
9.0
7.4
8.5
8.2
5/13/98
5/14/98
5/15/98
5/16/98
5/17/98
5/18/98
5/19/98
5/20/98
5/21/98
5/22/98
5/23/98
5/24/98
5/25/98
5/26/98
5/27/98
5/28/98
5/29/98
5/30/98
5/31/98
5/31/98
6/1/98
6/2/98
6/3/98
6/4/98
6/5/98
6/6/98
6/7/98
6/8/98
6/9/98
6/10/98
5.9
7.2
7.4
6.1
7.8
7.8
7.0
5.2
5.0
4.1
4.1
4.4
4.9
4.5
5.1
7.7
7.1
7.4
6.3
5.1
4.0
3.8
3.5
3.2
3.3
3.0
3.5
3.6
4.3
5.7
5/15/99
5/16/99
5/17/99
5/18/99
5/19/99
5/20/99
5/21/99
5/22/99
5/23/99
5/24/99
5/25/99
5/26/99
5/27/99
5/28/99
5/29/99
5/30/99
5/31/99
6/1/99
6/2/99
6/3/99
6/4/99
6/5/99
6/6/99
6/7/99
6/8/99
6/9/99
6/10/99
6/11/99
6/12/99
6/13/99
6.8
8.5
7.7
6.2
6.3
7.3
7.1
6.9
5.8
7.9
5.0
6.8
8.4
10.1
10.5
9.2
7.0
7.5
6.4
6.3
7.2
9.1
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.4
8.0
8.5
7.5
6.7
1
Date
5/14/00
5/15/00
5/16/00
5/17/00
5/18/00
5/19/00
5/20/00
5/21/00
5/22/00
5/23/00
5/24/00
5/25/00
5/26/00
5/27/00
5/28/00
5/29/00
5/30/00
5/31/00
6/1/00
6/2/00
6/3/00
6/4/00
6/5/00
6/6/00
6/7/00
6/8/00
6/9/00
6/10/00
6/11/00
6/12/00
6/13/00
Opacity
5.0
5.9
6.1
5.9
5.5
4.6
5.5
5.8
6.5
7.9
8.1
7.3
7.1
6.3
6.0
6.8
8.1
7.4
8.1
7.3
6.3
6.4
6.7
7.7
7.5
9.1
9.2
8.7
8.4
6.0
7.8
C-30
-------
Date Opacity
C-2. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date
6/5/94
6/6/94
6/7/94
6/8/94
6/9/94
6/10/94
6/11/94
6/12/94
6/13/94
6/14/94
6/15/94
6/16/94
6/17/94
6/18/94
6/19/94
6/20/94
6/21/94
6/22/94
6/23/94
6/24/94
6/25/94
6/26/94
6/27/94
6/28/94
6/29/94
6/30/94
7/1/94
7/2/94
7/3/94
7/4/94
7/5/94
Opacity
12.3
10.0
9.5
6.7
3.4
3.6
4.9
7.8
20.6
10.7
12.3
18.9
15.8
13.4
9.8
12.0
6.0
2.3
6.5
27.8
4.6
10.4
4.1
5.9
4.2
3.8
2.7
2.1
1.3
4.3
8.3
Date
6/5/95
6/6/95
6/7/95
6/8/95
6/9/95
6/10/95
6/11/95
6/12/95
6/13/95
6/14/95
6/15/95
6/16/95
6/17/95
6/18/95
6/19/95
6/20/95
6/21/95
6/22/95
6/23/95
6/24/95
6/25/95
6/26/95
6/27/95
6/28/95
6/29/95
6/30/95
7/1/95
7/2/95
7/3/95
7/4/95
7/5/95
Opacity
8.5
7.3
7.2
3.8
3.7
6.1
4.2
3.7
5.0
6.7
8.7
8.6
9.0
9.8
7.5
4.1
2.0
2.6
2.2
2.1
0.6
1.6
0.3
5.2
1.3
0.8
1.3
2 2
1.4
1.4
1.0
Date
6/5/96
6/6/96
6/7/96
6/8/96
6/9/96
6/10/96
6/11/96
6/12/96
6/13/96
6/14/96
6/15/96
6/16/96
6/17/96
6/18/96
6/19/96
6/20/96
6/21/96
6/22/96
6/23/96
6/24/96
6/25/96
6/26/96
6/27/96
6/28/96
6/29/96
6/30/96
7/1/96
7/2/96
7/3/96
7/4/96
7/5/96
Opacity
10.8
10.2
10.0
9.9
9.4
9.7
9.8
10.8
11.1
10.9
10.8
10.8
10.0
5.0
7.6
6.3
5.9
4.9
4.8
3.3
4.0
6.6
7.3
9.4
5.9
6.8
5.5
3.8
3.9
4.8
5.5
Date
6/7/97
6/8/97
6/9/97
6/10/97
6/11/97
6/12/97
6/13/97
6/14/97
6/15/97
6/16/97
6/17/97
6/18/97
6/19/97
6/20/97
6/21/97
6/22/97
6/23/97
6/24/97
6/25/97
6/26/97
6/27/97
6/28/97
6/29/97
6/30/97
7/1/97
7/2/97
7/3/97
7/4/97
7/5/97
7/6/97
7/7/97
Opacity
7.0
6.1
7.3
8.3
9.6
9.0
9.4
9.1
8.6
8.8
7.2
8.7
10.1
11.5
11.7
12.2
14.8
11.3
8.9
8.5
9.9
10.4
9.7
12.6
8.0
8.6
4.3
3.8
5.3
4.9
4.7
Date
6/11/98
6/12/98
6/13/98
6/14/98
6/15/98
6/16/98
6/17/98
6/18/98
6/19/98
6/20/98
6/21/98
6/22/98
6/23/98
6/24/98
6/25/98
6/26/98
6/27/98
6/28/98
6/29/98
6/30/98
7/1/98
7/2/98
7/3/98
7/4/98
7/5/98
7/6/98
7/7/98
7/8/98
7/9/98
7/10/98
7/11/98
Opacity
4.6
3.8
5.3
5.8
5.6
4.6
4.3
6.2
5.4
7.1
7.4
6.3
5.5
6.9
6.8
5.8
6.7
6.1
6.3
4.9
5.5
5.3
7.3
4.6
4.8
6.3
7.3
5.5
6.3
5.9
5.3
Date
6/14/99
6/15/99
6/16/99
6/17/99
6/18/99
6/19/99
6/20/99
6/21/99
6/22/99
6/23/99
6/24/99
6/25/99
6/26/99
6/27/99
6/28/99
6/29/99
6/30/99
7/1/99
7/2/99
7/3/99
7/4/99
7/5/99
7/6/99
7/7/99
7/8/99
7/9/99
7/10/99
7/11/99
7/12/99
7/13/99
7/14/99
Opacity
5.8
4.4
5.8
5.4
5.9
8.0
7.7
9.6
9.3
9.2
9.5
9.8
9.8
9.6
8.9
6.0
7.1
8.3
8.0
9.7
10.4
11.3
11.9
10.5
9.9
11.3
7.9
8.8
9.3
9.1
9.8
Date
6/14/00
6/15/00
6/16/00
6/17/00
6/18/00
6/19/00
6/20/00
6/21/00
6/22/00
6/23/00
6/24/00
6/25/00
6/26/00
6/27/00
6/28/00
6/29/00
6/30/00
7/1/00
7/2/00
7/3/00
7/4/00
7/5/00
7/6/00
7/7/00
7/8/00
7/9/00
7/10/00
7/11/00
7/12/00
7/13/00
7/14/00
Opacity
7.3
7.6
6.9
5.7
7.2
8.1
7.4
8.2
8.6
9.4
8.4
11.1
10.5
8.2
8.7
8.7
8.7
9.0
9.6
8.3
9.1
9.6
10.2
9.4
9.9
10.5
9.9
9.5
10.3
9.5
9.7
C-31
-------
Date Opacity
C-2. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date
7/6/94
7/7/94
7/8/94
7/9/94
7/10/94
7/11/94
7/12/94
7/13/94
7/14/94
7/15/94
7/16/94
7/17/94
7/18/94
7/19/94
7/20/94
7/21/94
7/22/94
7/23/94
7/24/94
7/25/94
7/26/94
7/27/94
7/28/94
7/29/94
7/30/94
7/31/94
8/1/94
8/2/94
8/3/94
8/4/94
8/5/94
Opacity
8.3
7.4
6.4
3.2
5.0
3.2
4.4
6.2
9.8
12.9
3.9
5.6
2.4
4.9
11.7
10.6
8.7
8.4
6.0
2.9
1.4
1.2
6.5
3.0
4.9
7.4
4.9
6.5
6.9
3.3
1.6
Date
7/6/95
7/7/95
7/8/95
7/9/95
7/10/95
7/11/95
7/12/95
7/13/95
7/14/95
7/15/95
7/16/95
7/17/95
7/18/95
7/19/95
7/20/95
7/21/95
7/22/95
7/23/95
7/24/95
7/25/95
7/26/95
7/27/95
7/28/95
7/29/95
7/30/95
7/31/95
8/1/95
8/2/95
8/3/95
8/4/95
8/5/95
Opacity
1.1
1.1
2.1
1.4
2.5
2.9
6.0
6.6
6.5
6.9
3.6
14.6
26.9
36.2
26.5
1.4
1.2
2.5
1.5
2.1
1.9
0.9
8.3
13.9
15.4
14.4
12.3
11.9
6.7
11.1
13.3
Date
7/6/96
7/7/96
7/8/96
7/9/96
7/10/96
7/11/96
7/12/96
7/13/96
7/14/96
7/15/96
7/16/96
7/17/96
7/18/96
7/19/96
7/20/96
7/21/96
7/22/96
7/23/96
7/24/96
7/25/96
7/26/96
7/27/96
7/28/96
7/29/96
7/30/96
7/31/96
8/1/96
8/2/96
8/3/96
8/4/96
8/5/96
Opacity
5.7
5.3
5.0
3.5
4.1
5.4
5.1
5.4
4.2
4.0
6.5
5.5
6.1
5.1
3.5
3.8
4.2
4.8
3.8
3.7
3.8
6.6
3.6
4.0
4.4
3.9
4.2
5.3
5.1
4.6
5.2
Date
7/8/97
7/9/97
7/10/97
7/11/97
7/12/97
7/13/97
7/14/97
7/15/97
7/16/97
7/17/97
7/18/97
7/19/97
7/20/97
7/21/97
7/22/97
7/23/97
7/24/97
7/25/97
7/26/97
7/27/97
7/28/97
7/29/97
7/30/97
8/1/97
8/2/97
8/3/97
8/4/97
8/5/97
8/6/97
8/7/97
8/8/97
Opacity
4.2
4.8
4.1
5.2
5.5
5.8
5.1
5.3
6.5
6.0
3.9
3.1
4.6
3.8
4.1
4.4
4.0
4.8
5.1
4.3
3.8
2.5
3.3
6.3
6.4
6.5
3.0
2.8
4.2
4.4
4.6
Date
7/12/98
7/13/98
7/14/98
7/15/98
7/16/98
7/17/98
7/18/98
7/19/98
7/20/98
7/21/98
7/22/98
7/23/98
7/24/98
7/25/98
7/26/98
7/27/98
7/28/98
7/29/98
7/30/98
7/31/98
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
8/5/98
8/6/98
8/7/98
8/8/98
8/9/98
8/10/98
8/11/98
Opacity
5.9
6.1
6.0
5.6
6.0
6.3
7.8
6.3
5.8
6.2
5.3
4.9
5.9
5.8
5.7
4.9
5.9
5.7
6.4
4.7
6.0
5.2
6.1
4.9
5.6
6.1
6.1
5.6
6.5
5.7
5.0
Date
7/15/99
7/16/99
7/17/99
7/18/99
7/19/99
7/20/99
7/21/99
7/22/99
7/23/99
7/24/99
7/25/99
7/26/99
7/27/99
7/28/99
7/29/99
7/30/99
7/31/99
8/1/99
8/2/99
8/3/99
8/4/99
8/5/99
8/6/99
8/7/99
8/8/99
8/9/99
8/10/99
8/11/99
8/12/99
8/13/99
8/14/99
Opacity
9.4
10.1
9.0
9.7
10.1
9.7
10.3
10.9
11.6
11.9
12.9
12.7
11.1
12.1
13.5
14.9
12.4
10.4
11.0
11.7
13.0
10.5
10.5
10.5
9.4
9.0
10.6
10.6
10.2
9.2
8.4
Date
7/15/00
7/16/00
7/17/00
7/18/00
7/19/00
7/20/00
7/21/00
7/22/00
7/23/00
7/24/00
7/25/00
7/26/00
7/27/00
7/28/00
7/29/00
7/30/00
7/31/00
8/1/00
8/2/00
8/3/00
8/4/00
8/5/00
8/6/00
8/7/00
8/8/00
8/9/00
8/10/00
8/11/00
8/12/00
8/13/00
8/14/00
Opacity
9.0
9.0
10.0
8.3
7.6
7.9
8.1
8.1
7.9
8.2
8.7
8.9
9.6
9.7
8.7
8.4
6.7
7.0
8.0
8.2
9.7
8.8
9.1
10.0
11.1
11.0
9.9
9.6
10.4
10.0
9.7
C-32
-------
Date Opacity
C-2. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date
8/6/94
8/7/94
8/8/94
8/9/94
8/10/94
8/11/94
8/12/94
8/13/94
8/14/94
8/15/94
8/16/94
8/17/94
8/18/94
8/19/94
8/20/94
8/21/94
8/22/94
8/23/94
8/24/94
8/25/94
8/26/94
8/27/94
8/28/94
8/29/94
8/30/94
8/31/94
9/1/94
9/2/94
9/3/94
9/4/94
9/5/94
Opacity
1.7
1.3
2.2
1.2
2.3
8.1
1.8
0.4
0.5
1.1
9.3
6.5
3.3
8.9
2.7
5.7
3.6
7.2
6.4
9.9
5.0
5.7
2.0
3.9
4.6
2.5
1.1
6.2
2.2
1.7
3.6
Date
8/6/95
8/7/95
8/8/95
8/9/95
8/10/95
8/11/95
8/12/95
8/13/95
8/14/95
8/15/95
8/16/95
8/17/95
8/18/95
8/19/95
8/20/95
8/21/95
8/22/95
8/23/95
8/24/95
8/25/95
8/26/95
8/27/95
8/28/95
8/29/95
8/30/95
8/31/95
9/1/95
9/2/95
9/3/95
9/4/95
9/5/95
Opacity
13.8
12.3
13.3
12.5
11.7
13.3
13.3
13.5
10.8
10.6
8.9
10.9
11.5
8.9
7.1
9.8
8.7
9.1
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.1
5.7
4.2
5.9
3.9
3.2
4.4
5.2
4.8
3.9
Date
8/6/96
8/7/96
8/8/96
8/9/96
8/10/96
8/11/96
8/12/96
8/13/96
8/14/96
8/15/96
8/16/96
8/17/96
8/18/96
8/19/96
8/20/96
8/21/96
8/22/96
8/23/96
8/24/96
8/25/96
8/26/96
8/27/96
8/28/96
8/29/96
8/30/96
8/31/96
9/1/96
9/2/96
9/3/96
9/4/96
9/5/96
Opacity
5.9
4.8
4.9
5.5
5.7
6.2
5.8
5.5
4.6
3.2
3.8
4.8
3.9
3.5
4.1
4.1
4.3
5.1
5.5
6.2
5.8
5.9
6.2
6.5
6.4
7.2
6.7
6.3
7.0
7.4
8.3
Date
8/9/97
8/10/97
8/11/97
8/12/97
8/13/97
8/14/97
8/15/97
8/16/97
8/17/97
8/18/97
8/19/97
8/20/97
8/21/97
8/22/97
8/23/97
8/24/97
8/25/97
8/26/97
8/27/97
8/28/97
8/29/97
8/30/97
9/1/97
9/2/97
9/3/97
9/4/97
9/5/97
9/6/97
9/7/97
9/8/97
9/9/97
Opacity
4.2
3.7
3.5
3.9
5.9
3.6
5.2
4.5
2.5
2.9
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.5
2.5
3.7
4.9
5.1
4.5
6.8
3.6
4.1
3.9
2.5
2.8
2.7
3.7
3.3
3.2
3.3
Date
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
Opacity
4.3
5.4
5.6
5.0
5.4
5.7
5.6
5.2
4.9
5.2
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.1
5.3
4.9
5.4
4.9
5.2
4.7
5.3
5.1
4.8
4.5
4.8
6.8
4.7
3.0
3.3
4.1
5.3
Date
8/15/99
8/16/99
8/17/99
8/18/99
8/19/99
8/20/99
8/21/99
8/22/99
8/23/99
8/24/99
8/25/99
8/26/99
8/27/99
8/28/99
8/29/99
8/30/99
8/31/99
9/1/99
9/2/99
9/3/99
9/4/99
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
Opacity
9.9
10.1
11.4
10.6
10.2
9.2
6.9
5.3
9.0
11.9
10.2
8.3
6.8
7.7
5.4
3.8
4.7
7.0
7.6
9.3
7.8
7.8
5.9
4.8
6.5
3.9
4.4
4.4
5.8
2.8
2.6
Date
8/15/00
8/16/00
8/17/00
8/18/00
8/19/00
8/20/00
8/21/00
8/22/00
8/23/00
8/24/00
8/25/00
8/26/00
8/27/00
8/28/00
8/29/00
8/30/00
8/31/00
Opacity
9.8
8.1
9.0
11.1
11.2
8.7
7.2
8.5
8.3
8.3
8.2
8.2
7.5
7.5
7.7
8.4
8.9
C-33
-------
Date Opacity
C-2. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date
9/6/94
9/7/94
9/8/94
9/9/94
9/10/94
9/11/94
9/12/94
9/13/94
9/14/94
9/15/94
9/16/94
9/17/94
9/18/94
9/19/94
9/20/94
9/21/94
9/22/94
9/23/94
9/24/94
9/25/94
9/26/94
9/27/94
9/28/94
9/29/94
9/30/94
10/1/94
10/2/94
10/3/94
10/4/94
10/5/94
10/6/94
Opacity
6.5
8.4
7.0
6.7
7.1
5.5
5.8
9.0
7.1
6.4
6.9
4.3
1.9
2.3
2.7
1.5
1.1
0.9
1.2
2.5
4.0
3.4
1.1
0.3
0.7
1.9
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.7
0.2
Date
9/6/95
9/7/95
9/8/95
9/9/95
9/10/95
9/11/95
9/12/95
9/13/95
9/14/95
9/15/95
9/16/95
9/17/95
9/18/95
9/19/95
9/20/95
9/21/95
9/22/95
9/23/95
9/24/95
9/25/95
9/26/95
9/27/95
9/28/95
9/29/95
9/30/95
10/1/95
10/2/95
10/3/95
10/4/95
10/5/95
10/6/95
Opacity
4.8
1.7
1.6
1.9
0.6
1.2
8.8
8.6
3.5
2.1
2.5
2.4
1.9
1.0
1.4
0.3
0.5
2 2
1.4
1.1
2.1
1.9
2.4
2.9
2.5
3.5
2.6
1.9
1.3
2.2
1.1
Date
9/6/96
9/7/96
9/8/96
9/9/96
9/10/96
9/11/96
9/12/96
9/13/96
9/14/96
9/15/96
9/16/96
9/17/96
9/18/96
9/19/96
9/20/96
9/21/96
9/22/96
9/23/96
9/24/96
9/25/96
9/26/96
9/27/96
9/28/96
9/29/96
9/30/96
10/1/96
10/2/96
10/3/96
10/4/96
10/5/96
10/6/96
Opacity
7.3
8.5
6.0
6.0
7.1
5.8
4.8
4.1
3.5
4.1
4.3
5.1
5.4
6.0
6.2
6.2
9.5
4.9
5.2
5.6
4.2
3.7
2.4
3.7
5.0
6.0
3.9
14.4
6.1
5.2
5.1
Date
9/10/97
9/11/97
9/12/97
9/13/97
9/14/97
9/15/97
9/16/97
9/17/97
9/18/97
9/19/97
9/20/97
9/21/97
9/22/97
9/23/97
9/24/97
9/25/97
9/26/97
9/27/97
9/28/97
9/29/97
9/30/97
10/1/97
10/2/97
10/3/97
10/4/97
10/5/97
10/6/97
10/7/97
10/8/97
10/9/97
10/10/97
Opacity
2.1
3.3
4.0
3.7
4.0
5.1
4.8
4.4
3.9
3.0
2.3
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.6
3.2
4.2
4.1
4.2
3.5
3.0
2.6
2.7
4.0
3.8
4.1
4.7
4.6
4.1
3.2
2.6
Date
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/15/98
9/16/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
9/21/98
9/22/98
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
Opacity
6.2
6.7
6.5
4.6
4.2
4.4
4.2
4.6
4.5
3.3
2.5
2.5
2.7
4.6
5.8
5.7
4.4
4.0
4.1
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.8
3.9
4.9
3.3
3.1
4.2
4.5
3.9
4.0
Date
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
9/24/99
9/25/99
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
10/6/99
10/7/99
10/8/99
10/9/99
10/10/99
10/11/99
10/12/99
10/13/99
10/14/99
10/15/99
Opacity
3.7
3.5
3.6
4.8
5.3
3.9
3.6
4.6
6.5
6.8
7.7
8.9
8.4
7.6
4.6
4.9
5.2
5.2
4.7
5.1
4.8
5.5
6.3
6.6
8.3
9.5
7.6
6.5
5.2
4.6
6.7
Date Opacity
C-34
-------
Date Opacity
C-2. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date
10/7/94
10/8/94
10/9/94
10/10/94
10/11/94
10/12/94
10/13/94
10/14/94
10/15/94
10/16/94
10/17/94
10/18/94
10/19/94
10/20/94
10/21/94
10/22/94
10/23/94
10/24/94
10/25/94
10/26/94
10/27/94
10/28/94
10/29/94
10/30/94
10/31/94
11/1/94
11/2/94
11/3/94
11/4/94
11/5/94
11/6/94
Opacity
0.6
3.8
1.9
9.5
3.3
10.4
11.0
13.5
8.0
6.1
3.3
3.7
3.0
7.2
5.0
4.5
1.8
2.9
5.3
4.8
7.2
4.7
4.5
6.7
11.9
6.1
5.4
10.0
4.4
8.6
7.0
Date
10/7/95
10/8/95
10/9/95
10/10/95
10/11/95
10/12/95
10/13/95
10/14/95
10/15/95
10/16/95
10/17/95
10/18/95
10/19/95
10/20/95
10/21/95
10/22/95
10/23/95
10/24/95
10/25/95
10/26/95
10/27/95
10/28/95
10/29/95
10/30/95
10/31/95
11/1/95
11/2/95
11/3/95
11/4/95
11/5/95
11/6/95
Opacity
1.7
0.9
1.7
1.0
2.8
3.7
2.7
0.5
1.5
1.0
0.7
0.9
2.1
3.4
3.6
1.7
1.5
1.4
7.6
2.8
5.0
10.8
11.1
7.8
5.3
4.4
5.6
4.3
5.4
2.4
3.7
Date
10/7/96
10/8/96
10/9/96
10/10/96
10/11/96
10/12/96
10/13/96
10/14/96
10/15/96
10/16/96
10/17/96
10/18/96
10/19/96
10/20/96
10/21/96
10/22/96
10/23/96
10/24/96
10/25/96
10/26/96
10/27/96
10/28/96
10/29/96
10/30/96
11/1/96
11/2/96
11/3/96
11/4/96
11/5/96
11/6/96
11/7/96
Opacity
4.3
4.5
3.5
2.9
5.7
7.0
7.9
6.9
5.5
6.9
3.0
13.4
5.0
6.6
7.6
5.8
3.3
4.6
6.3
5.4
3.5
3.4
1.9
1.8
2 2
2.3
2.5
2.5
4.0
5.4
3.3
Date
10/11/97
10/12/97
10/13/97
10/14/97
10/15/97
10/16/97
10/17/97
10/18/97
10/19/97
10/20/97
10/21/97
10/22/97
10/23/97
10/24/97
10/25/97
10/26/97
10/27/97
10/28/97
10/29/97
10/30/97
11/1/97
11/2/97
11/3/97
11/4/97
11/5/97
11/6/97
11/7/97
11/8/97
11/9/97
11/10/97
11/11/97
Opacity
3.3
3.7
2.2
1.3
4.7
2.5
4.5
2.8
3.3
2.9
2.8
2.0
7.7
2.9
2 2
4.1
1.6
1.0
2.3
2 2
2.5
1.4
0.8
0.6
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.6
3.6
1.2
1.0
Date
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/7/98
11/8/98
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
Opacity
3.0
2.9
4.2
4.8
3.8
3.0
2.8
2.8
3.1
2.9
2.8
3.4
3.1
4.1
3.8
3.1
3.3
3.6
2.2
1.6
1.5
1.6
2.2
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.3
2.1
1.8
2.4
2.7
Date
10/16/99
10/17/99
10/18/99
10/19/99
10/20/99
10/21/99
10/22/99
10/23/99
10/24/99
10/25/99
10/26/99
10/27/99
10/28/99
10/29/99
10/30/99
10/31/99
11/1/99
11/2/99
11/3/99
11/4/99
11/5/99
11/6/99
11/7/99
11/8/99
11/9/99
11/10/99
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
Opacity
6.7
4.4
4.3
4.7
4.1
5.1
5.0
4.2
4.9
5.7
5.7
6.0
7.1
8.7
8.3
6.9
6.6
2.7
3.2
4.6
5.7
4.9
4.9
6.6
8.5
7.6
5.6
4.9
6.7
4.5
3.9
Date Opacity
C-35
-------
Date Opacity
C-2. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date
11/7/94
11/8/94
11/9/94
11/10/94
11/11/94
11/12/94
11/13/94
11/14/94
11/15/94
11/16/94
11/17/94
11/18/94
11/19/94
11/20/94
11/21/94
11/22/94
11/23/94
11/24/94
11/25/94
11/26/94
11/27/94
11/28/94
11/29/94
12/1/94
12/2/94
12/3/94
12/4/94
12/5/94
12/6/94
12/7/94
12/8/94
Opacity
6.5
8.6
1.1
2.1
4.7
5.7
2.6
2.5
2.1
10.8
12.5
29.0
22.2
11.0
1.6
0.6
1.1
1.5
0.2
1.6
0.4
0.3
2.2
1.8
4.5
8.9
6.0
13.7
12.9
20.9
3.7
Date
11/7/95
11/8/95
11/9/95
11/10/95
11/11/95
11/12/95
11/13/95
11/14/95
11/15/95
11/16/95
11/17/95
11/18/95
11/19/95
11/20/95
11/21/95
11/22/95
11/23/95
11/24/95
11/25/95
11/26/95
11/27/95
11/28/95
11/29/95
11/30/95
12/1/95
12/2/95
12/3/95
12/4/95
12/5/95
12/6/95
12/7/95
Opacity
5.8
1.8
3.0
1.6
6.6
1.5
2.2
7.5
8.1
8.6
4.9
2.7
2.9
2.4
5.1
5.8
7.4
11.4
13.0
9.3
10.2
5.1
3.2
5.0
1.9
1.7
0.4
0.3
0.2
5.0
10.1
Date
11/8/96
11/9/96
11/10/96
11/11/96
11/12/96
11/13/96
11/14/96
11/15/96
11/16/96
11/17/96
11/18/96
11/19/96
11/20/96
11/21/96
11/22/96
11/23/96
11/24/96
11/25/96
11/26/96
11/27/96
11/28/96
11/29/96
12/1/96
12/2/96
12/3/96
12/4/96
12/5/96
12/6/96
12/7/96
12/8/96
12/9/96
Opacity
3.8
1.4
1.7
2.3
2.8
2.2
1.5
4.1
3.3
2.5
3.5
2.7
2.6
2.1
2.7
2.2
2.4
3.2
2.6
2.8
2.8
2.3
3.5
3.0
2.8
3.7
4.8
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.5
Date
11/12/97
11/13/97
11/14/97
11/15/97
11/16/97
11/17/97
11/18/97
11/19/97
11/20/97
11/21/97
11/22/97
11/23/97
11/24/97
11/25/97
11/26/97
11/27/97
11/28/97
11/29/97
12/1/97
12/2/97
12/3/97
12/4/97
12/5/97
12/6/97
12/7/97
12/8/97
12/9/97
12/10/97
12/11/97
12/12/97
12/13/97
Opacity
1.4
2.6
1.9
3.0
4.4
4.9
4.2
1.9
1.2
0.9
2.9
4.2
1.5
1.2
0.8
1.2
1.4
1.0
0.7
1.0
1.6
1.7
1.1
0.8
0.7
0.5
0.6
1.0
1.2
3.1
1.0
Date
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
12/9/98
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
Opacity
2.5
2.4
2.7
3.2
2.6
2.7
3.3
2.5
2.2
2.9
3.6
3.2
3.5
4.0
3.4
3.0
2.5
3.0
2.4
3.1
3.5
2.9
3.2
2.8
3.5
3.3
3.1
3.0
2.7
3.3
3.1
Date
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
12/7/99
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
Opacity
2.8
3.6
5.2
4.4
1.8
1.4
2.1
2.4
1.7
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.9
1.4
0.9
0.6
0.8
1.3
1.1
0.4
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.3
0.4
Date Opacity
C-36
-------
Date Opacity
C-2. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS HARBOR BATTERY 1
Date
12/9/94
12/10/94
12/11/94
12/12/94
12/13/94
12/14/94
12/15/94
12/16/94
12/17/94
12/18/94
12/19/94
12/20/94
12/21/94
12/22/94
12/23/94
12/24/94
12/25/94
12/26/94
12/27/94
12/28/94
12/29/94
12/30/94
12/31/94
Opacity
7.4
2.7
1.7
1.9
2.3
2.1
2.7
6.1
4.6
3.9
2.6
2.4
3.5
4.6
9.4
16.8
16.3
21.2
19.0
12.8
8.4
7.9
10.8
Date
12/8/95
12/9/95
12/10/95
12/11/95
12/12/95
12/13/95
12/14/95
12/15/95
12/16/95
12/17/95
12/18/95
12/19/95
12/20/95
12/21/95
12/22/95
12/23/95
12/24/95
12/25/95
12/26/95
12/27/95
12/28/95
12/29/95
12/30/95
12/31/95
Opacity
8.0
28.5
26.8
16.8
8.4
8.3
8.5
9.1
9.2
8.4
8.1
9.5
8.6
9.6
9.6
8.9
8.4
11.8
8.0
8.7
8.5
7.7
8.0
8.5
Date
12/10/96
12/11/96
12/12/96
12/13/96
12/14/96
12/15/96
12/16/96
12/17/96
12/18/96
12/19/96
12/20/96
12/21/96
12/22/96
12/23/96
12/24/96
12/25/96
12/26/96
12/27/96
12/28/96
12/29/96
12/30/96
12/31/96
12/31/96
12/31/96
12/31/96
Opacity
2.5
9.4
3.2
3.3
3.6
4.0
5.6
6.9
4.5
4.9
3.7
3.8
5.4
4.4
4.8
7.6
2.9
2.6
2.1
4.5
5.4
4.3
3.6
3.5
3.2
Date
12/14/97
12/15/97
12/16/97
12/17/97
12/18/97
12/19/97
12/20/97
12/21/97
12/22/97
12/23/97
12/24/97
12/25/97
12/26/97
12/27/97
12/28/97
12/29/97
12/30/97
12/31/97
1/1/98
1/2/98
1/3/98
1/4/98
1/5/98
1/6/98
1/7/98
Opacity
1.7
1.1
2.0
2.1
1.6
9.1
7.0
3.0
1.6
1.2
1.2
1.1
2.5
2.2
3.3
2.2
5.6
7.9
6.1
1.9
1.4
1.8
2.5
2.2
2.7
Date
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
1/1/99
1/2/99
1/3/99
1/4/99
1/5/99
1/6/99
1/7/99
1/8/99
1/9/99
Opacity
2.8
3.6
2.8
2.7
3.1
2.8
2.9
3.3
3.1
3.5
2.9
2.9
2.5
3.7
3.7
4.5
4.8
3.5
3.0
3.3
3.9
1.9
3.1
2.8
6.3
Date
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
12/25/99
12/26/99
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
1/1/00
1/2/00
1/3/00
1/4/00
1/5/00
1/6/00
1/7/00
1/8/00
1/9/00
1/10/00
Opacity
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.6
Date Opacity
C-37
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE
Date Opacity Date Opacity
12/12/94 2.2 1/1/95 12.0
12/13/94 3.4 1/2/95 13.0
12/14/94 3.1 1/3/95 13.7
12/15/94 2.5 1/4/95 20.7
12/16/94 1.7 1/5/95 25.8
12/17/94 0.5 1/6/95 19.2
12/18/94 0.7 1/7/95 14.6
12/19/94 0.1 1/8/95 17.7
12/20/94 0.0 1/9/95 18.1
12/21/94 0.0 1/10/95 28.8
12/22/94 0.0 1/11/95 36.8
12/23/94 8.6 1/12/95 32.9
12/24/94 25.9 1/13/95 33.7
12/25/94 26.4 1/14/95 55.3
12/26/94 31.3 1/15/95 60.8
12/27/94 26.3 1/16/95 60.6
12/28/94 17.7 1/17/95 58.3
12/29/94 12.1 1/18/95 57.2
12/30/94 11.2 1/19/95 64.9
12/31/94 12.4 1/20/95 39.6
1/21/95 38.8
1/22/95 40.0
1/23/95 30.9
1/24/95 4.1
1/25/95 6.9
1/26/95 8.2
1/27/95 10.7
1/28/95 9.8
1/29/95 9.4
1/30/95 15.3
OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
1/1/96
1/2/96
1/3/96
1/4/96
1/5/96
1/6/96
1/7/96
1/8/96
1/9/96
1/10/96
1/11/96
1/12/96
1/13/96
1/14/96
1/15/96
1/16/96
1/17/96
1/18/96
1/19/96
1/20/96
1/21/96
1/22/96
1/23/96
1/24/96
1/25/96
1/26/96
1/27/96
1/28/96
1/29/96
1/30/96
2.4
2.4
3.0
3.6
3.4
3.5
2.8
3.3
3.6
2.9
3.0
3.0
2.1
1.8
2.1
2.3
1.9
2.3
6.8
4.7
2.9
2.0
2.3
4.6
4.3
2.8
5.1
4.5
4.1
6.3
1/1/97
1/2/97
1/3/97
1/4/97
1/5/97
1/6/97
1/7/97
1/8/97
1/9/97
1/10/97
1/11/97
1/12/97
1/13/97
1/14/97
1/15/97
1/16/97
1/17/97
1/18/97
1/19/97
1/20/97
1/21/97
1/22/97
1/23/97
1/24/97
1/25/97
1/26/97
1/27/97
1/28/97
1/29/97
1/30/97
3.6
2.9
3.5
3.5
5.0
9.4
8.0
2.4
1.6
4.2
7.0
7.6
6.7
4.5
2.7
6.5
9.7
8.3
6.0
3.4
2.3
3.0
4.1
3.6
5.2
6.9
5.2
10.6
7.9
5.8
1/1/98
1/2/98
1/3/98
1/4/98
1/5/98
1/6/98
1/7/98
1/8/98
1/9/98
1/10/98
1/11/98
1/12/98
1/13/98
1/14/98
1/15/98
1/16/98
1/17/98
1/18/98
1/19/98
1/20/98
1/21/98
1/22/98
1/23/98
1/24/98
1/25/98
1/26/98
1/27/98
1/28/98
1/29/98
1/30/98
6.9
4.7
4.2
4.2
3.9
5.1
6.6
6.9
6.1
7.0
5.6
3.7
6.6
4.6
3.2
4.4
3.1
3.8
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.4
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.7
3.0
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
1/1/99 5.4 1/1/00 2.9
1/2/99 4.9 1/2/00 3.5
1/3/99 4.9 1/3/00 3.3
1/4/99 6.1 1/4/00 4.3
1/5/99 6.6 1/5/00 4.4
1/6/99 6.1 1/6/00 3.3
1/7/99 7.5 1/7/00 4.4
1/8/99 5.9 1/8/00 4.5
1/9/99 4.1 1/9/00 5.0
1/10/99 3.7 1/10/00 4.9
1/11/99 5.2 1/11/00 5.2
1/12/99 3.6 1/12/00 3.3
1/13/99 3.3 1/13/00 3.3
1/14/99 2.8 1/14/00 3.0
1/15/99 3.4 1/15/00 2.5
1/16/99 1.6 1/16/00 3.5
1/17/99 2.3 1/17/00 4.3
1/18/99 2.7 1/18/00 3.6
1/19/99 3.8 1/19/00 4.3
1/20/99 5.1 1/20/00 5.2
1/21/99 2.8 1/21/00 4.1
1/22/99 3.5 1/22/00 4.3
1/23/99 5.0 1/23/00 3.4
1/24/99 3.5 1/24/00 3.6
1/25/99 3.2 1/25/00 4.7
1/26/99 4.6 1/26/00 4.6
1/27/99 4.3 1/27/00 4.5
1/28/99 4.6 1/28/00 7.7
1/29/99 5.4 1/29/00 7.2
1/30/99 4.5 1/30/00 4.9
C-3 8
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
1/31/95
2/1/95
2/2/95
2/3/95
2/4/95
2/5/95
2/6/95
2/7/95
2/8/95
2/9/95
2/10/95
2/11/95
2/12/95
2/13/95
2/14/95
2/15/95
2/16/95
2/17/95
2/18/95
2/19/95
2/20/95
2/21/95
2/22/95
2/23/95
2/24/95
2/25/95
2/26/95
2/27/95
2/28/95
3/1/95
3/2/95
10.8
9.1
6.4
5.6
16.2
21.3
16.7
10.4
10.7
2.3
0.8
12.0
10.8
1.0
2.0
0.9
0.4
0.7
1.0
0.5
3.2
8.9
6.7
6.8
0.4
0.6
2.1
1.0
0.5
1.9
0.8
1/31/96
2/1/96
2/2/96
2/3/96
2/4/96
2/5/96
2/6/96
2/7/96
2/8/96
2/9/96
2/10/96
2/11/96
2/12/96
2/13/96
2/14/96
2/15/96
2/16/96
2/17/96
2/18/96
2/19/96
2/20/96
2/21/96
2/22/96
2/23/96
2/24/96
2/25/96
2/26/96
2/27/96
2/28/96
2/29/96
3/1/96
9.3
7.2
11.2
11.7
8.7
5.1
2.2
1.7
1.4
1.5
1.2
3.5
4.5
3.3
3.5
4.2
3.8
4.0
3.8
1.6
1.4
1.9
1.9
1.5
1.6
1.1
1.6
1.1
4.4
5.7
3.3
1/31/97
2/1/97
2/2/97
2/3/97
2/4/97
2/5/97
2/6/97
2/7/97
2/8/97
2/9/97
2/10/97
2/11/97
2/12/97
2/13/97
2/14/97
2/15/97
2/16/97
2/17/97
2/18/97
2/19/97
2/20/97
2/21/97
2/22/97
2/23/97
2/24/97
2/25/97
2/26/97
2/27/97
2/28/97
3/1/97
3/2/97
3.8
3.3
3.1
3.2
3.1
4.7
3.5
3.6
3.7
5.4
4.0
4.9
5.6
5.8
4.9
6.1
4.9
4.0
2.1
3.0
3.0
4.7
7.9
7.0
7.8
6.4
3.0
3.7
2.8
2.1
3.4
1/31/98
2/1/98
2/2/98
2/3/98
2/4/98
2/5/98
2/6/98
2/7/98
2/8/98
2/9/98
2/10/98
2/11/98
2/12/98
2/13/98
2/14/98
2/15/98
2/16/98
2/17/98
2/18/98
2/19/98
2/20/98
2/21/98
2/22/98
2/23/98
2/24/98
2/25/98
2/26/98
2/27/98
2/28/98
3/1/98
3/2/98
2.5
2.2
3.1
2.3
2.3
2 2
3.0
2.8
2.8
3.4
2.7
3.1
2.2
2.5
2.1
2.3
2.4
2.3
1.9
2.6
2.9
3.1
2.7
3.4
2.9
3.2
3.0
2.9
2.9
2.7
2.7
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
1/31/99 5.0 1/31/00 5.3
2/1/99 5.1 2/1/00 4.5
2/2/99 4.6 2/2/00 3.3
2/3/99 4.2 2/3/00 3.1
2/4/99 2.9 2/4/00 5.1
2/5/99 4.4 2/5/00 4.6
2/6/99 4.6 2/6/00 5.2
2/7/99 4.7 2/7/00 3.8
2/8/99 5.2 2/8/00 3.4
2/9/99 2.1 2/9/00 3.4
2/10/99 3.5 2/10/00 3.8
2/11/99 3.6 2/11/00 3.8
2/12/99 5.5 2/12/00 2.3
2/13/99 4.2 2/13/00 3.8
2/14/99 3.6 2/14/00 4.4
2/15/99 3.8 2/15/00 3.9
2/16/99 3.8 2/16/00 3.2
2/17/99 4.0 2/17/00 3.5
2/18/99 3.2 2/18/00 4.6
2/19/99 2.9 2/19/00 3.7
2/20/99 3.0 2/20/00 3.0
2/21/99 2.8 2/21/00 2.7
2/22/99 3.3 2/22/00 1.9
2/23/99 3.4 2/23/00 0.8
2/24/99 3.5 2/24/00 1.5
2/25/99 3.0 2/25/00 1.0
2/26/99 2.9 2/26/00 1.3
2/27/99 3.4 2/27/00 1.0
2/28/99 3.6 2/28/00 0.8
3/1/99 2.2 2/29/00 1.2
3/2/99 2.9 3/1/00 1.4
C-3 9
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
3/3/95
3/4/95
3/5/95
3/6/95
3/7/95
3/8/95
3/9/95
3/10/95
3/11/95
3/12/95
3/13/95
3/14/95
3/15/95
3/16/95
3/17/95
3/18/95
3/19/95
3/20/95
3/21/95
3/22/95
3/23/95
3/24/95
3/25/95
3/26/95
3/27/95
3/28/95
3/29/95
3/30/95
3/31/95
4/1/95
4/2/95
1.8
1.3
2.9
1.7
26.9
3.9
2.8
1.2
0.2
0.4
1.3
2.3
1.2
0.7
0.6
0.3
0.1
2.6
4.4
5.0
4.6
4.4
5.0
5.3
5.2
2.2
2.6
4.4
3.0
2.4
2.8
3/2/96
3/3/96
3/4/96
3/5/96
3/6/96
3/7/96
3/8/96
3/9/96
3/10/96
3/11/96
3/12/96
3/13/96
3/14/96
3/15/96
3/16/96
3/17/96
3/18/96
3/19/96
3/20/96
3/21/96
3/22/96
3/23/96
3/24/96
3/25/96
3/26/96
3/27/96
3/28/96
3/29/96
3/30/96
3/31/96
4/1/96
3.6
6.1
2.6
2.1
2.2
2.8
5.3
3.5
1.7
1.1
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.3
4.1
2.5
1.8
2.1
3.7
3.6
3.3
2 2
1.3
3.5
5.0
3.6
2.1
1.9
2.0
2.3
2.3
3/3/97
3/4/97
3/5/97
3/6/97
3/7/97
3/8/97
3/9/97
3/10/97
3/11/97
3/12/97
3/13/97
3/14/97
3/15/97
3/16/97
3/17/97
3/18/97
3/19/97
3/20/97
3/21/97
3/22/97
3/23/97
3/24/97
3/25/97
3/26/97
3/27/97
3/28/97
3/29/97
3/30/97
3/31/97
4/1/97
4/2/97
3.4
1.9
2.3
3.9
2.9
2.6
2.3
2.2
2.9
2.8
2.5
3.0
5.4
4.2
2.8
2.8
3.4
3.0
2.7
2.6
2.9
2.7
2.6
3.0
2.4
2.7
3.0
3.9
4.2
2.9
2.2
3/3/98
3/4/98
3/5/98
3/6/98
3/7/98
3/8/98
3/9/98
3/10/98
3/11/98
3/12/98
3/13/98
3/14/98
3/15/98
3/16/98
3/17/98
3/18/98
3/19/98
3/20/98
3/21/98
3/22/98
3/23/98
3/24/98
3/25/98
3/26/98
3/27/98
3/28/98
3/29/98
3/30/98
3/31/98
4/1/98
4/2/98
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.5
3.6
3.6
3.4
4.3
2.9
3.9
2.8
3.2
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.7
3.0
4.2
3.4
3.9
2.6
3.7
3.6
3.5
4.0
3.9
3.6
3.1
3.8
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
3/3/99 3.4 3/2/00 2.7
3/4/99 2.2 3/3/00 1.8
3/5/99 4.0 3/4/00 1.7
3/6/99 4.1 3/5/00 1.0
3/7/99 3.4 3/6/00 0.8
3/8/99 4.7 3/7/00 0.7
3/9/99 3.7 3/8/00 0.7
3/10/99 2.7 3/9/00 2.3
3/11/99 2.6 3/10/00 3.9
3/12/99 2.7 3/11/00 3.5
3/13/99 2.2 3/12/00 2.3
3/14/99 2.2 3/13/00 2.9
3/15/99 1.5 3/14/00 3.0
3/16/99 1.2 3/15/00 2.9
3/17/99 1.5 3/16/00 2.9
3/18/99 1.5 3/17/00 2.2
3/19/99 1.5 3/18/00 2.8
3/20/99 1.5 3/19/00 3.1
3/21/99 1.5 3/20/00 2.5
3/22/99 1.3 3/21/00 1.7
3/23/99 1.1 3/22/00 1.1
3/24/99 0.2 3/23/00 1.0
3/25/99 5.2 3/24/00 2.2
3/26/99 3.5 3/25/00 1.2
3/27/99 2.3 3/26/00 0.6
3/28/99 3.0 3/27/00 0.7
3/29/99 2.8 3/28/00 1.3
3/30/99 3.5 3/29/00 1.0
3/31/99 3.0 3/30/00 0.8
4/1/99 3.3 3/31/00 1.2
4/2/99 3.2 4/1/00 2.1
C-40
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
4/3/95
4/4/95
4/5/95
4/6/95
4/7/95
4/8/95
4/9/95
4/10/95
4/11/95
4/12/95
4/13/95
4/14/95
4/15/95
4/16/95
4/17/95
4/18/95
4/19/95
4/20/95
4/21/95
4/22/95
4/23/95
4/24/95
4/25/95
4/26/95
4/27/95
4/28/95
4/29/95
4/30/95
5/1/95
5/2/95
5/3/95
4.1
1.5
1.3
5.1
5.3
5.3
4.3
4.2
5.6
4.1
3.1
3.9
6.0
7.6
6.7
9.0
8.6
11.4
11.6
11.5
12.3
10.6
6.9
8.0
5.9
6.7
7.7
4.9
6.6
6.0
7.8
4/2/96
4/3/96
4/4/96
4/5/96
4/6/96
4/7/96
4/8/96
4/9/96
4/10/96
4/11/96
4/12/96
4/13/96
4/14/96
4/15/96
4/16/96
4/17/96
4/18/96
4/19/96
4/20/96
4/21/96
4/22/96
4/23/96
4/24/96
4/25/96
4/26/96
4/27/96
4/28/96
4/29/96
4/30/96
5/1/96
5/2/96
1.3
0.9
2.4
2.2
2.1
1.9
1.8
1.9
1.1
0.7
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.1
0.9
0.7
0.7
0.3
0.3
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.7
0.2
0.1
0.2
4/3/97
4/4/97
4/5/97
4/6/97
4/7/97
4/8/97
4/9/97
4/10/97
4/11/97
4/12/97
4/13/97
4/14/97
4/15/97
4/16/97
4/17/97
4/18/97
4/19/97
4/20/97
4/21/97
4/22/97
4/23/97
4/24/97
4/25/97
4/26/97
4/27/97
4/28/97
4/29/97
4/30/97
5/1/97
5/2/97
5/3/97
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.5
4.6
3.9
5.3
4.5
3.9
3.6
4.0
3.5
3.2
3.8
3.7
4.0
3.5
3.7
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.4
4.0
3.9
3.7
3.9
3.4
3.8
4.7
3.7
3.8
4/3/98
4/4/98
4/5/98
4/6/98
4/7/98
4/8/98
4/9/98
4/10/98
4/11/98
4/12/98
4/13/98
4/14/98
4/15/98
4/16/98
4/17/98
4/18/98
4/19/98
4/20/98
4/21/98
4/22/98
4/23/98
4/24/98
4/25/98
4/26/98
4/27/98
4/28/98
4/29/98
4/30/98
5/1/98
5/2/98
5/3/98
4.0
4.6
4.6
4.4
4.5
3.8
3.6
4.2
4.9
4.2
4.1
4.1
5.1
4.0
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.0
3.3
4.4
5.4
5.4
5.1
4.0
4.9
5.0
4.5
4.8
4.4
4.8
4.3
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
4/3/99 4.0 4/2/00 2.5
4/4/99 3.6 4/3/00 1.7
4/5/99 4.6 4/4/00 2.0
4/6/99 4.6 4/5/00 1.6
4/7/99 2.6 4/6/00 1.7
4/8/99 3.2 4/7/00 2.2
4/9/99 6.0 4/8/00 1.5
4/10/99 5.0 4/9/00 1.2
4/11/99 5.0 4/10/00 2.7
4/12/99 3.9 4/11/00 1.9
4/13/99 3.8 4/12/00 1.3
4/14/99 4.1 4/13/00 1.8
4/15/99 4.5 4/14/00 1.4
4/16/99 4.4 4/15/00 2.0
4/17/99 4.5 4/16/00 2.8
4/18/99 4.6 4/17/00 2.9
4/19/99 3.9 4/18/00 2.9
4/20/99 3.2 4/19/00 4.3
4/21/99 2.8 4/20/00 4.2
4/22/99 3.0 4/21/00 4.3
4/23/99 4.5 4/22/00 1.0
4/24/99 3.9 4/23/00 1.5
4/25/99 3.5 4/24/00 1.0
4/26/99 2.7 4/25/00 1.1
4/27/99 2.7 4/26/00 1.1
4/28/99 2.4 4/27/00 0.9
4/29/99 1.8 4/28/00 1.2
4/30/99 1.8 4/29/00 2.1
5/1/99 1.5 4/30/00 1.3
5/2/99 1.3 5/1/00 1.7
5/3/99 2.5 5/2/00 1.3
C-41
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
5/4/95
5/5/95
5/6/95
5/7/95
5/8/95
5/9/95
5/10/95
5/11/95
5/12/95
5/13/95
5/14/95
5/15/95
5/16/95
5/17/95
5/18/95
5/19/95
5/20/95
5/21/95
5/22/95
5/23/95
5/24/95
5/25/95
5/26/95
5/27/95
5/28/95
5/29/95
5/30/95
5/31/95
6/1/95
6/2/95
6/3/95
7.2
7.4
9.7
12.0
10.8
11.0
9.5
9.9
6.1
3.0
2.9
4.1
6.6
7.9
9.7
6.8
2.8
2.6
5.6
8.4
13.2
7.6
6.4
11.2
7.0
8.3
5.6
4.1
3.7
8.5
5.9
5/3/96
5/4/96
5/5/96
5/6/96
5/7/96
5/8/96
5/9/96
5/10/96
5/11/96
5/12/96
5/13/96
5/14/96
5/15/96
5/16/96
5/17/96
5/18/96
5/19/96
5/20/96
5/21/96
5/22/96
5/23/96
5/24/96
5/25/96
5/26/96
5/27/96
5/28/96
5/29/96
5/30/96
5/31/96
6/1/96
6/2/96
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.8
2.6
2.9
3.0
3.0
2.9
3.0
3.2
2.8
2.9
2.7
2.9
3.1
5/4/97
5/5/97
5/6/97
5/7/97
5/8/97
5/9/97
5/10/97
5/11/97
5/12/97
5/13/97
5/14/97
5/15/97
5/16/97
5/17/97
5/18/97
5/19/97
5/20/97
5/21/97
5/22/97
5/23/97
5/24/97
5/25/97
5/26/97
5/27/97
5/28/97
5/29/97
5/30/97
5/31/97
6/1/97
6/2/97
6/3/97
4.1
3.6
4.1
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.8
3.8
3.9
4.1
4.0
3.8
4.0
4.4
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.1
4.2
4.1
5.2
4.2
4.8
4.1
4.6
4.5
4.6
4.4
4.2
4.2
4.1
5/4/98
5/5/98
5/6/98
5/7/98
5/8/98
5/9/98
5/10/98
5/11/98
5/12/98
5/13/98
5/14/98
5/15/98
5/16/98
5/17/98
5/18/98
5/19/98
5/20/98
5/21/98
5/22/98
5/23/98
5/24/98
5/25/98
5/26/98
5/27/98
5/28/98
5/29/98
5/30/98
5/31/98
6/1/98
6/2/98
6/3/98
4.9
4.7
3.8
3.2
4.6
5.2
5.5
5.3
5.0
6.0
5.7
5.0
5.6
6.7
5.7
4.5
3.8
3.3
2.8
3.2
2.6
2.4
2.7
2.8
2.6
2.7
2.9
2.9
3.2
3.2
2.7
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
5/4/99 3.3 5/3/00 1.1
5/5/99 3.4 5/4/00 1.1
5/6/99 3.9 5/5/00 1.1
5/7/99 5.0 5/6/00 0.9
5/8/99 3.4 5/7/00 0.9
5/9/99 3.0 5/8/00 0.8
5/10/99 4.0 5/9/00 1.4
5/11/99 3.6 5/10/00 1.2
5/12/99 3.3 5/11/00 1.2
5/13/99 3.4 5/12/00 0.9
5/14/99 3.1 5/13/00 1.0
5/15/99 4.5 5/14/00 0.6
5/16/99 5.8 5/15/00 0.8
5/17/99 5.1 5/16/00 2.2
5/18/99 3.4 5/17/00 2.9
5/19/99 3.0 5/18/00 1.2
5/20/99 3.3 5/19/00 1.3
5/21/99 3.9 5/20/00 1.0
5/22/99 4.3 5/21/00 1.1
5/23/99 5.2 5/22/00 1.0
5/24/99 8.7 5/23/00 0.6
5/25/99 5.0 5/24/00 0.9
5/26/99 4.6 5/25/00 1.2
5/27/99 3.1 5/26/00 1.2
5/28/99 2.9 5/27/00 1.5
5/29/99 2.7 5/28/00 1.5
5/30/99 3.9 5/29/00 1.4
5/31/99 5.1 5/30/00 1.4
6/1/99 3.5 5/31/00 1.5
6/2/99 4.1 6/1/00 0.9
6/3/99 2.8 6/2/00 1.1
C-42
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
6/4/95
6/5/95
6/6/95
6/7/95
6/8/95
6/9/95
6/10/95
6/11/95
6/12/95
6/13/95
6/14/95
6/15/95
6/16/95
6/17/95
6/18/95
6/19/95
6/20/95
6/21/95
6/22/95
6/23/95
6/24/95
6/25/95
6/26/95
6/27/95
6/28/95
6/29/95
7/4/95
7/5/95
7/6/95
7/7/95
7/8/95
5.4
4.6
6.6
6.2
14.8
2.9
4.3
3.5
3.3
4.9
6.0
6.3
6.0
6.4
7.5
8.7
8.4
9.3
9.7
11.8
12.8
14.0
13.2
10.2
8.6
8.1
7.1
6.4
6.0
6.3
8.6
6/3/96
6/4/96
6/5/96
6/6/96
6/7/96
6/8/96
6/9/96
6/10/96
6/11/96
6/12/96
6/13/96
6/14/96
6/15/96
6/16/96
6/17/96
6/18/96
6/19/96
6/20/96
6/21/96
6/22/96
6/23/96
6/24/96
6/25/96
6/26/96
6/27/96
6/28/96
6/29/96
6/30/96
7/1/96
7/2/96
7/3/96
2.9
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.3
3.2
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.4
3.3
3.1
8.7
4.2
3.9
3.8
3.6
3.6
3.8
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.7
3.7
3.7
6/4/97
6/5/97
6/6/97
6/7/97
6/8/97
6/9/97
6/10/97
6/11/97
6/12/97
6/13/97
6/14/97
6/15/97
6/16/97
6/17/97
6/18/97
6/19/97
6/20/97
6/21/97
6/22/97
6/23/97
6/24/97
6/25/97
6/26/97
6/27/97
6/28/97
6/29/97
6/30/97
7/1/97
7/2/97
7/3/97
7/4/97
4.1
4.0
4.3
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.5
4.0
3.8
3.5
3.2
3.2
3.6
3.3
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.8
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.5
3.6
3.7
8.6
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.1
6/4/98
6/5/98
6/6/98
6/7/98
6/8/98
6/9/98
6/10/98
6/11/98
6/12/98
6/13/98
6/14/98
6/15/98
6/16/98
6/17/98
6/18/98
6/19/98
6/20/98
6/21/98
6/22/98
6/23/98
6/24/98
6/25/98
6/26/98
6/27/98
6/28/98
6/29/98
6/30/98
7/1/98
7/2/98
7/3/98
7/4/98
2.4
2.7
2.6
3.3
2.5
2 2
3.1
2.1
3.0
3.9
3.9
4.2
3.0
3.5
3.8
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.4
3.8
3.9
3.3
3.9
3.6
3.7
3.4
3.7
4.5
4.1
3.2
2.7
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
6/4/99 3.5 6/3/00 1.1
6/5/99 3.9 6/4/00 1.2
6/6/99 1.6 6/5/00 1.2
6/7/99 1.4 6/6/00 1.3
6/8/99 1.5 6/7/00 1.2
6/9/99 2.5 6/8/00 1.2
6/10/99 1.7 6/9/00 1.4
6/11/99 2.3 6/10/00 1.1
6/12/99 2.3 6/11/00 1.0
6/13/99 2.2 6/12/00 0.9
6/14/99 2.2 6/13/00 0.9
6/15/99 3.0 6/14/00 1.4
6/16/99 2.9 6/15/00 1.3
6/17/99 2.4 6/16/00 1.6
6/18/99 2.7 6/17/00 1.3
6/19/99 2.7 6/18/00 0.6
6/20/99 2.7 6/19/00 0.6
6/21/99 2.1 6/20/00 1.0
6/22/99 2.2 6/21/00 0.6
6/23/99 2.9 6/22/00 0.4
6/24/99 2.7 6/23/00 0.7
6/25/99 2.6 6/24/00 1.4
6/26/99 2.7 6/25/00 0.5
6/27/99 3.3 6/26/00 0.8
6/28/99 4.0 6/27/00 0.8
6/29/99 3.2 6/28/00 1.0
6/30/99 2.9 6/29/00 0.8
7/1/99 3.1 6/30/00 0.9
7/2/99 2.3 7/1/00 0.8
7/3/99 2.2 7/2/00 0.7
7/4/99 1.7 7/3/00 1.6
C-43
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
7/9/95 7.3 7/4/96 4.0 7/5/97 2.3 7/5/98 4.0
7/10/95
7/11/95
7/12/95
7/13/95
7/14/95
7/15/95
7/16/95
7/17/95
7/18/95
7/19/95
7/20/95
7/21/95
7/22/95
7/23/95
7/24/95
7/25/95
7/26/95
7/27/95
7/28/95
7/29/95
7/30/95
7/31/95
8/1/95
8/2/95
8/3/95
8/4/95
8/5/95
8/6/95
8/7/95
8/8/95
7.0
5.6
4.4
4.4
5.3
7.3
5.9
4.9
4.1
4.3
4.8
3.6
3.4
3.7
1.5
2.8
2.9
2.6
3.2
3.2
2.7
2.8
2.4
2.6
5.7
4.5
4.1
3.5
2.9
3.1
7/5/96
7/6/96
7/7/96
7/8/96
7/9/96
7/10/96
7/11/96
7/12/96
7/13/96
7/14/96
7/15/96
7/16/96
7/17/96
7/18/96
7/19/96
7/20/96
7/21/96
7/22/96
7/23/96
7/24/96
7/25/96
7/26/96
7/27/96
7/28/96
7/29/96
7/30/96
7/31/96
8/1/96
8/2/96
8/3/96
3.8
3.9
4.3
4.5
4.1
4.1
4.0
4.4
3.9
4.2
4.2
3.9
3.9
4.2
3.9
3.5
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.6
4.2
3.8
4.3
5.1
5.0
4.6
1.7
1.8
1.8
2.2
7/6/97
7/7/97
7/8/97
7/9/97
7/10/97
7/11/97
7/12/97
7/13/97
7/14/97
7/15/97
7/16/97
7/17/97
7/18/97
7/19/97
7/20/97
7/21/97
7/22/97
7/23/97
7/24/97
7/25/97
7/26/97
7/27/97
7/28/97
7/29/97
7/30/97
7/31/97
8/1/97
8/2/97
8/3/97
8/4/97
2.2
2.6
4.9
4.1
2.6
3.1
2.9
3.9
3.6
3.1
3.2
2.5
3.7
3.5
3.4
4.3
4.0
3.9
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.9
3.1
3.0
3.0
2.7
2.8
2.5
2.6
2.9
7/6/98
7/7/98
7/8/98
7/9/98
7/10/98
7/11/98
7/12/98
7/13/98
7/14/98
7/15/98
7/16/98
7/17/98
7/18/98
7/19/98
7/20/98
7/21/98
7/22/98
7/23/98
7/24/98
7/25/98
7/26/98
7/27/98
7/28/98
7/29/98
7/30/98
7/31/98
8/1/98
8/2/98
8/3/98
8/4/98
2.9
2.9
3.1
3.7
4.0
3.6
3.4
3.4
3.9
3.5
4.2
3.9
3.8
3.2
4.4
3.9
4.3
4.0
4.1
3.8
4.0
3.9
4.5
4.9
3.8
4.6
3.8
4.0
3.5
2.9
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
7/5/99 1.4 7/4/00 1.8
7/6/99 1.7 7/5/00 0.9
7/7/99 2.0 7/6/00 0.4
7/8/99 2.2 7/7/00 0.9
7/9/99 2.9 7/8/00 0.7
7/10/99 3.1 7/9/00 0.5
7/11/99 3.3 7/10/00 0.8
7/12/99 2.6 7/11/00 0.6
7/13/99 3.1 7/12/00 0.4
7/14/99 2.9 7/13/00 0.6
7/15/99 2.3 7/14/00 0.3
7/16/99 3.3 7/15/00 0.3
7/17/99 4.0 7/16/00 0.3
7/18/99 4.4 7/17/00 0.2
7/19/99 5.3 7/18/00 0.3
7/20/99 3.8 7/19/00 0.4
7/21/99 1.6 7/20/00 0.3
7/22/99 1.2 7/21/00 0.4
7/23/99 1.1 7/22/00 0.3
7/24/99 1.0 7/23/00 0.3
7/25/99 1.0 7/24/00 0.4
7/26/99 1.3 7/25/00 0.5
7/27/99 1.3 7/26/00 0.5
7/28/99 1.0 7/27/00 0.5
7/29/99 1.2 7/28/00 1.2
7/30/99 0.9 7/29/00 0.5
7/31/99 2.0 7/30/00 0.7
8/1/99 1.3 7/31/00 0.4
8/2/99 1.3 8/1/00 0.1
8/3/99 1.2 8/2/00 0.5
8/4/99 2.1 8/3/00 0.6
C-44
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C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
8/9/95
8/10/95
8/11/95
8/12/95
8/13/95
8/14/95
8/15/95
8/16/95
8/17/95
8/18/95
8/19/95
8/20/95
8/21/95
8/22/95
8/23/95
8/24/95
8/25/95
8/26/95
8/27/95
8/28/95
8/29/95
8/30/95
8/31/95
9/1/95
9/2/95
9/3/95
9/4/95
9/5/95
9/6/95
9/7/95
9/8/95
3.4
3.9
3.7
3.8
4.1
3.8
3.9
3.6
4.1
3.3
3.2
3.0
3.8
3.1
2 2
2.3
2.1
2.1
2.3
2 2
3.2
1.8
2 2
2.0
1.7
1.9
3.7
2.5
1.4
2 2
2.6
8/4/96
8/5/96
8/6/96
8/7/96
8/8/96
8/9/96
8/10/96
8/11/96
8/12/96
8/13/96
8/14/96
8/15/96
8/16/96
8/17/96
8/18/96
8/19/96
8/20/96
8/21/96
8/22/96
8/23/96
8/24/96
8/25/96
8/26/96
8/27/96
8/28/96
8/29/96
8/30/96
8/31/96
9/1/96
9/2/96
9/3/96
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.8
1.9
2.1
2.0
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2 2
2.3
2.2
2 2
2.5
2.2
1.9
2.3
2.0
2.4
2.3
2.6
3.0
2.9
2.7
2.7
2.8
3.7
8/5/97
8/6/97
8/7/97
8/8/97
8/9/97
8/10/97
8/11/97
8/12/97
8/13/97
8/14/97
8/15/97
8/16/97
8/17/97
8/18/97
8/19/97
8/20/97
8/21/97
8/22/97
8/23/97
8/24/97
8/25/97
8/26/97
8/27/97
8/28/97
8/29/97
8/30/97
8/31/97
9/1/97
9/2/97
9/3/97
9/4/97
3.0
3.0
2.6
2.9
3.1
2.8
3.1
3.2
3.8
3.2
3.7
4.2
4.6
6.0
5.1
7.2
6.2
4.2
4.0
4.3
4.0
3.8
3.8
3.2
2.4
2.4
2.8
3.0
2.7
2.8
2.9
8/5/98
8/6/98
8/7/98
8/8/98
8/9/98
8/10/98
8/11/98
8/12/98
8/13/98
8/14/98
8/15/98
8/16/98
8/17/98
8/18/98
8/19/98
8/20/98
8/21/98
8/22/98
8/23/98
8/24/98
8/25/98
8/26/98
8/27/98
8/28/98
8/29/98
8/30/98
8/31/98
9/1/98
9/2/98
9/3/98
9/4/98
3.0
3.1
3.3
3.8
4.4
4.7
5.1
4.8
4.6
4.8
4.5
5.1
5.1
5.6
4.9
4.4
5.2
5.7
5.0
5.4
6.0
5.5
4.0
3.7
4.9
4.9
4.5
3.5
5.0
4.6
5.5
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
8/5/99 1.9 8/4/00 0.9
8/6/99 2.5 8/5/00 0.5
8/7/99 3.6 8/6/00 0.6
8/8/99 2.6 8/7/00 0.4
8/9/99 2.3 8/8/00 0.3
8/10/99 2.1 8/9/00 0.5
8/11/99 2.7 8/10/00 0.2
8/12/99 3.0 8/11/00 0.3
8/13/99 2.7 8/12/00 0.2
8/14/99 1.9 8/13/00 0.3
8/15/99 1.9 8/14/00 0.3
8/16/99 1.9 8/15/00 0.4
8/17/99 1.7 8/16/00 0.7
8/18/99 3.0 8/17/00 0.7
8/19/99 3.2 8/18/00 1.3
8/20/99 2.1 8/19/00 0.2
8/21/99 1.7 8/20/00 0.4
8/22/99 0.4 8/21/00 0.8
8/23/99 2.4 8/22/00 1.0
8/24/99 3.5 8/23/00 0.4
8/25/99 3.1 8/24/00 0.7
8/26/99 1.9 8/25/00 0.2
8/27/99 1.4 8/26/00 0.7
8/28/99 1.2 8/27/00 0.7
8/29/99 1.5 8/28/00 0.5
8/30/99 1.8 8/29/00 0.5
8/31/99 2.0 8/30/00 0.6
9/1/99 2.3 8/31/00 0.5
9/2/99 1.8
9/3/99 2.3
9/4/99 2.4
C-45
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C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
9/9/95
9/10/95
9/11/95
9/12/95
9/13/95
9/14/95
9/15/95
9/16/95
9/17/95
9/18/95
9/19/95
9/20/95
9/21/95
9/22/95
9/23/95
9/24/95
9/25/95
9/26/95
9/27/95
9/28/95
9/29/95
9/30/95
10/1/95
10/2/95
10/3/95
10/4/95
10/5/95
10/6/95
10/7/95
10/8/95
10/13/95
2 2
2.3
2.2
1.9
1.9
1.5
1.8
1.2
1.0
1.3
2.0
2 2
3.9
3.7
2.9
3.0
2.3
1.9
1.3
1.3
2.6
2.7
2.9
3.3
3.7
3.5
3.8
4.0
4.4
2.9
3.5
9/4/96
9/5/96
9/6/96
9/7/96
9/8/96
9/9/96
9/10/96
9/11/96
9/12/96
9/13/96
9/14/96
9/15/96
9/16/96
9/17/96
9/18/96
9/19/96
9/20/96
9/21/96
9/22/96
9/23/96
9/24/96
9/25/96
9/26/96
9/27/96
9/28/96
9/29/96
9/30/96
10/1/96
10/2/96
10/3/96
10/4/96
3.9
5.6
5.0
5.0
4.4
4.1
4.1
5.1
5.4
5.3
4.9
4.7
4.5
5.4
5.1
4.6
3.9
4.2
4.0
3.3
2.9
2.6
3.0
2.4
2.3
2.2
3.5
3.7
3.4
3.3
3.8
9/5/97
9/6/97
9/7/97
9/8/97
9/9/97
9/10/97
9/11/97
9/12/97
9/13/97
9/14/97
9/15/97
9/16/97
9/17/97
9/18/97
9/19/97
9/20/97
9/21/97
9/22/97
9/23/97
9/24/97
9/25/97
9/26/97
9/27/97
9/28/97
9/29/97
9/30/97
10/1/97
10/2/97
10/3/97
10/4/97
10/5/97
3.5
3.3
3.7
3.3
3.2
3.6
3.7
4.1
3.0
2.8
3.2
3.0
3.2
2.6
3.3
3.3
3.1
3.4
3.9
3.6
4.4
4.1
2.8
3.4
3.2
2.9
2.7
2.3
2.6
2.5
2.4
9/5/98
9/6/98
9/7/98
9/8/98
9/9/98
9/10/98
9/11/98
9/12/98
9/13/98
9/14/98
9/17/98
9/18/98
9/19/98
9/20/98
9/21/98
9/22/98
9/23/98
9/24/98
9/25/98
9/26/98
9/27/98
9/28/98
9/29/98
9/30/98
10/1/98
10/2/98
10/3/98
10/4/98
10/5/98
10/6/98
10/7/98
4.4
4.6
4.5
3.9
4.5
4.5
4.7
5.3
4.7
4.0
3.8
4.6
4.7
5.1
5.3
6.1
6.0
6.5
5.6
4.6
4.5
4.5
5.3
5.6
5.5
6.5
6.8
6.4
6.3
6.1
6.3
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
9/5/99
9/6/99
9/7/99
9/8/99
9/9/99
9/10/99
9/11/99
9/12/99
9/13/99
9/14/99
9/15/99
9/16/99
9/17/99
9/18/99
9/19/99
9/20/99
9/21/99
9/22/99
9/23/99
9/24/99
9/25/99
9/26/99
9/27/99
9/28/99
9/29/99
9/30/99
10/1/99
10/2/99
10/3/99
10/4/99
10/5/99
2 2
2.2
2.2
3.0
2.5
3.3
2.3
2.4
1.9
2.1
3.0
3.1
3.0
1.9
3.0
3.4
2.0
1.6
1.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
3.3
2.9
2.1
1.7
2.9
3.6
4.0
3.0
2.1
C-46
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
10/14/95
10/15/95
10/16/95
10/17/95
10/18/95
10/19/95
10/20/95
10/21/95
10/22/95
10/23/95
10/24/95
10/25/95
10/26/95
10/27/95
10/28/95
10/29/95
10/30/95
10/31/95
11/1/95
11/2/95
11/3/95
11/4/95
11/5/95
11/6/95
11/7/95
11/8/95
11/9/95
11/10/95
11/11/95
11/12/95
11/13/95
6.5
6.3
5.0
4.8
3.6
4.1
8.0
8.1
5.8
5.1
9.1
8.6
8.2
8.6
9.7
8.1
8.0
7.1
6.3
7.8
10.8
8.9
9.2
6.2
5.0
8.6
8.7
2 2
5.9
8.4
7.2
10/5/96
10/6/96
10/7/96
10/8/96
10/9/96
10/10/96
10/11/96
10/12/96
10/13/96
10/14/96
10/15/96
10/16/96
10/17/96
10/18/96
10/19/96
10/20/96
10/21/96
10/22/96
10/23/96
10/24/96
10/25/96
10/26/96
10/27/96
10/28/96
10/29/96
10/30/96
10/31/96
11/1/96
11/2/96
11/3/96
11/4/96
3.5
2.9
3.8
3.9
3.7
3.5
2.8
2.3
3.1
3.6
2.1
2.6
2.3
2.8
3.7
3.2
3.0
3.9
4.5
4.4
4.6
3.9
4.0
4.5
5.0
4.9
6.1
4.8
5.0
5.5
3.6
10/6/97
10/7/97
10/8/97
10/9/97
10/10/97
10/11/97
10/12/97
10/13/97
10/14/97
10/15/97
10/16/97
10/17/97
10/18/97
10/19/97
10/20/97
10/21/97
10/22/97
10/23/97
10/24/97
10/25/97
10/26/97
10/27/97
10/28/97
10/29/97
10/30/97
10/31/97
11/1/97
11/2/97
11/3/97
11/4/97
11/5/97
2.3
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.7
2.1
2.0
1.9
2.3
2.8
2.7
2.9
2.8
2.6
2.3
2.8
3.7
3.3
3.4
3.9
5.0
4.8
5.3
4.6
3.2
3.3
3.6
4.4
5.0
4.9
4.7
10/8/98
10/9/98
10/10/98
10/11/98
10/12/98
10/13/98
10/14/98
10/15/98
10/16/98
10/17/98
10/18/98
10/19/98
10/20/98
10/21/98
10/22/98
10/23/98
10/24/98
10/25/98
10/26/98
10/27/98
10/28/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/31/98
11/1/98
11/2/98
11/3/98
11/4/98
11/5/98
11/6/98
11/7/98
6.7
6.5
6.0
5.8
6.1
5.8
6.1
6.2
5.5
5.8
6.3
5.6
5.9
6.3
6.1
6.3
6.5
6.6
5.8
6.9
7.5
8.1
7.9
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.9
7.7
7.9
8.0
8.2
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
10/6/99 2.1
10/7/99 2.8
10/8/99 3.0
10/9/99 1.9
10/10/99 1.3
10/11/99 1.3
10/12/99 1.5
10/13/99 3.1
10/14/99 2.9
10/15/99 3.3
10/16/99 4.2
10/17/99 4.2
10/18/99 3.9
10/19/99 3.9
10/20/99 5.1
10/21/99 6.0
10/22/99 6.9
10/23/99 8.7
10/24/99 6.1
10/25/99 6.4
10/26/99 7.1
10/27/99 5.8
10/28/99 3.5
10/29/99 3.4
10/30/99 3.2
10/31/99 3.7
11/1/99 3.1
11/2/99 4.2
11/3/99 3.4
11/4/99 2.9
11/5/99 2.9
C-47
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C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
11/14/95 7.2 11/5/96 3.3 11/6/97 4.7 11/8/98 8.8
11/15/95
11/16/95
11/17/95
11/18/95
11/19/95
11/20/95
11/21/95
11/22/95
11/23/95
11/24/95
11/25/95
11/26/95
11/27/95
11/28/95
11/29/95
11/30/95
12/1/95
12/2/95
12/3/95
12/4/95
12/5/95
12/6/95
12/7/95
12/8/95
12/9/95
12/10/95
12/11/95
12/12/95
12/13/95
12/14/95
6.9
6.4
5.8
5.1
3.4
3.5
6.6
5.6
4.4
3.2
2.5
2.5
2.9
4.5
4.0
3.4
2.6
2.3
2.0
2.9
3.2
5.3
5.4
5.4
10.6
8.9
6.6
3.8
2.8
2.4
11/6/96
11/7/96
11/8/96
11/9/96
11/10/96
11/11/96
11/12/96
11/13/96
11/14/96
11/15/96
11/16/96
11/17/96
11/18/96
11/19/96
11/20/96
11/21/96
11/22/96
11/23/96
11/24/96
11/25/96
11/26/96
11/27/96
11/28/96
11/29/96
11/30/96
12/1/96
12/2/96
12/3/96
12/4/96
12/5/96
3.8
3.8
4.2
5.2
5.9
5.0
5.1
2.8
2.9
2.2
1.3
1.6
2.8
4.3
3.9
4.3
4.0
3.2
1.8
3.0
4.9
9.5
9.8
6.2
3.7
7.9
6.4
5.5
7.4
6.9
11/7/97
11/8/97
11/9/97
11/10/97
11/11/97
11/12/97
11/13/97
11/14/97
11/16/97
11/17/97
11/18/97
11/19/97
11/20/97
11/21/97
11/22/97
11/23/97
11/24/97
11/25/97
11/26/97
11/27/97
11/28/97
11/29/97
11/30/97
12/1/97
12/2/97
12/3/97
12/4/97
12/5/97
12/6/97
12/7/97
3.9
4.4
4.9
5.3
6.0
6.5
5.7
4.7
6.5
6.7
5.8
5.2
4.5
4.5
4.5
6.0
6.6
5.2
4.5
5.0
4.1
4.3
5.1
5.2
5.0
5.5
6.0
8.6
8.6
6.9
11/9/98
11/10/98
11/11/98
11/12/98
11/13/98
11/14/98
11/15/98
11/16/98
11/17/98
11/18/98
11/19/98
11/20/98
11/21/98
11/22/98
11/23/98
11/24/98
11/25/98
11/26/98
11/27/98
11/28/98
11/29/98
11/30/98
12/1/98
12/2/98
12/3/98
12/4/98
12/5/98
12/6/98
12/7/98
12/8/98
10.1
8.6
5.1
1.8
1.1
1.7
1.7
2.0
1.9
1.4
2.4
3.5
2.6
2.4
2.2
2.3
2.6
2.3
2.2
2.4
2.8
3.2
2.2
1.8
1.0
1.3
1.5
2.3
2.9
1.9
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
11/6/99 1.7
11/7/99
11/8/99
11/9/99
11/10/99
11/11/99
11/12/99
11/13/99
11/14/99
11/15/99
11/16/99
11/17/99
11/18/99
11/19/99
11/20/99
11/21/99
11/22/99
11/23/99
11/24/99
11/25/99
11/26/99
11/27/99
11/28/99
11/29/99
11/30/99
12/1/99
12/2/99
12/3/99
12/4/99
12/5/99
12/6/99
1.6
1.7
1.0
0.8
1.9
2.9
2.7
2.8
1.3
1.2
1.6
1.5
2.7
3.0
2.8
2.0
2.4
2.6
3.8
2.7
2.7
1.6
2.2
1.3
1.9
2.5
4.2
2.1
3.5
3.0
C-48
-------
C-3. DAILY AVERAGE OPACITY FOR BETHLEHEM, BURNS
Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity Date Opacity
12/15/95 2.2 12/6/96 5.2 12/8/97 6.7 12/9/98 1.7
12/16/95
12/17/95
12/18/95
12/19/95
12/20/95
12/21/95
12/22/95
12/23/95
12/24/95
12/25/95
12/26/95
12/27/95
12/28/95
12/29/95
12/30/95
12/31/95
2.3
2.3
2 2
2.1
2.7
3.6
3.6
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.6
2.8
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.5
12/7/96
12/8/96
12/9/96
12/10/96
12/11/96
12/12/96
12/13/96
12/14/96
12/15/96
12/16/96
12/17/96
12/18/96
12/19/96
12/20/96
12/21/96
12/22/96
12/23/96
12/24/96
12/25/96
12/26/96
12/27/96
12/28/96
12/29/96
12/30/96
12/31/96
5.9
6.5
5.1
3.2
3.0
3.3
3.3
2.7
3.0
3.9
5.6
7.9
9.6
9.5
5.6
3.4
3.8
6.2
8.7
6.3
4.6
3.7
4.6
4.5
4.4
12/9/97
12/10/97
12/11/97
12/12/97
12/13/97
12/14/97
12/15/97
12/16/97
12/17/97
12/18/97
12/19/97
12/20/97
12/21/97
12/22/97
12/23/97
12/24/97
12/25/97
12/26/97
12/27/97
12/28/97
12/29/97
12/30/97
12/31/97
6.6
6.3
5.5
6.9
7.6
7.2
6.5
6.5
7.0
4.0
4.1
4.0
4.5
4.6
4.4
5.1
5.1
5.7
6.0
5.8
5.3
7.0
8.1
12/10/98
12/11/98
12/12/98
12/13/98
12/14/98
12/15/98
12/16/98
12/17/98
12/18/98
12/19/98
12/20/98
12/21/98
12/22/98
12/23/98
12/24/98
12/25/98
12/26/98
12/27/98
12/28/98
12/29/98
12/30/98
12/31/98
1.5
1.4
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.1
2.4
1.9
1.8
2.4
1.9
3.0
4.1
3.7
3.6
2.6
3.1
2.4
2.9
3.8
4.1
5.1
HARBOR BATTERY 2
Date Opacity Date Opacity
12/7/99 4.8
12/8/99
12/9/99
12/10/99
12/11/99
12/12/99
12/13/99
12/14/99
12/15/99
12/16/99
12/17/99
12/18/99
12/19/99
12/20/99
12/21/99
12/22/99
12/23/99
12/24/99
12/25/99
12/26/99
12/27/99
12/28/99
12/29/99
12/30/99
12/31/99
4.0
2.3
4.3
1.2
2.7
2.4
3.1
3.8
3.8
4.4
3.9
3.5
3.6
3.9
5.2
6.0
4.8
4.9
6.1
5.1
5.6
4.2
4.9
4.7
C-49
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-453/R-01-006
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
(NESHAP) for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and Battery
Stacks - Background Information for Proposed Standards
5. REPORT DATE
February 2001
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
Marvin Branscome and Sandra Burns, RTI and Lula Melton,
EPA
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-D6-0014
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
John Seitz, Director
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Office of Air and Radiation
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/200/04
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
This report provides the background information for the proposed NESHAP to control hazardous air
pollutants (HAPs) from coke ovens: pushing, quenching, and battery stacks. The emission control
techniques, estimates of emissions, control costs, and environmental impacts are presented.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI Field/Group
emission controls
environmental impacts
estimates of air emissions
Air Pollution Control
Coke Ovens
Pushing, Quenching, and Battery
Stacks
Hazardous Air Pollutants
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Release Unlimited
19. SECURITY CLASS (Report)
Unclassified
21. NO. OF PAGES
224
20. SECURITY CLASS (Page)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (Rev. 4-77) PREVIOUS EDITION IS OBSOLETE
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