EPA-R5-73-023b
                                                   July 1973
    CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS OF

  POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT MODULES



             Volume II

            Data Manual
               by

       Herbert G. Blecker
       Thomas M. Nichols
     Contract No. 68-01-0717
         Project 21AQJ
      Program Element 1B1030
          Project Officer

       Dr. Fred  H. Abel
     Economic Analysis Branch
  Implementation Research Division
            Prepared for

  OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
       WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

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                        EPA Review Notice
This report has been reviewed by the  Environmental Protection Agency
and approved  for publication.  Approval  does not signify that the
contents  necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency, nor does  mention of trade names or commercial
products  constitute endorsement or  recommendation for use.
   ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

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                                    ABSTRACT
This DATA MANUAL presents, in convenient graphical and tabular form, cost information
for installed equipment item modules on separate data sheets.   Each data sheet con-
forms to a uniform style providing information on the specific item and adjustments
to atypical installation, construction, or design.

The methodology used in developing this data and the techniques suggested for its
use are described in detail in the companion User Guide.

This report was submitted in fulfillment of Project Number 21AQJ.   Contract Number
68-01-0717, by the ICARUS Corporation, Silver Spring, Maryland, under the sponsor-
ship of the Environmental Protection Agency.  Work was completed as of March 1973.

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                                  CONTENTS
SECTION                                                                        PAGE
  I           Conclusions                                                       1
  II          Recommendations                                                   2
  III         Individual Data Sheets                                            3
  IV          Acknowledgements                                                  155
  V           References                                                        156
  VI          Glossary                                                          157
  VII         Appendices                                                        158

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                                 SECTION I
                                CONCLUSIONS
The manual, CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS OF POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT MODULES
(hereafter called ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COST MANUAL),  comprising this DATA
MANUAL and companion USER GUIDE enables the user not expertly skilled in the
particular technical field of cost engineering/process economics to prepare
reasonable conceptual cost estimates for proposed environmental protection flow
processing facilities.  The easily used graphical and tabular format used for the
presentation of data enable the user to rapidly evaluate  alternative cost/process
decisions for proposed environmental protection flow processing facilities.

Using the data in this DATA MANUAL and methods presented  in the companion USER
GUIDE, estimates of costs within 10 percent of actual constructed facility costs
were obtained.

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                                SECTION II
                             RECOMMENDATIONS
Based upon the results obtained in preparing this ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COST
MANUAL, it is recommended that the following action be taken by the  Environmental
Protection Agency:

     •   The technique of preparing comprehensive cost engineering data using
         a computerized detailed estimating system for this ENVIRONMENTAL
         PROTECTION COST MANUAL as applied to the installed equipment item
         module costs should be extended into the environmental protection
         process area.  This ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COST MANUAL has directed
         its efforts primarily toward the development of comprehensive cost
         engineering data on individual installed equipment item module costs
         which can be cumulatively developed into a proposed environmental
         protection flow processing facility cost.  This same technique can be
         applied in developing overall process costs as a function of effluent
         guideline, regional location, etc.

    •    A procedure should be implemented so that the data in the DATA MANUAL
         is updated on a bi-annual basis.  The cost engineering relationships
         in the DATA MANUAL are based upon 1972 technology.  Technology in the
         construction industry is rapidly changing and it is recommended that
         these changes be tracked by bi-annual updates to the DATA MANUAL.

    •    Training courses in the utilization of the cost engineering information
         and methods presented in this MANUAL should be implemented and offered
         to technical personnel evaluating this type of information at the
         regional and headquarters level.

    •    The DATA MANUAL should be expanded to include additional installed
         equipment item module costs representing the new pollution control
         technology developed during the course of the development of the DATA
         MANUAL but not considered in the initial contract.

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      SECTION III
INDIVIDUAL DATA SHEETS

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AIR COMPRESSOR
                       cr
                       3
                       _i
                       o
                       Q
                      C-J
                      CTl
                       co
                       o
                       Q
                       LJJ
                                100
   BRAKE HORSEPOWER  (HP)
           1000
         AC-1

  AIR COMPRESSOR

              10000
                          1000000
                           100000
                            10000
                                100
           1000

   INLET CAPACITY  (CFM)
                                                                                      10000
                                       DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
                                          Curve
                    Type	
         One  Stage Single Reciprocating     C

         Two  Stage Single Reciprocating     C

         Three  Stage Single Reciprocating   C

         Two  Stage Duplex Reciprocating     B

         Motor  Driven Centrifugal

         Turbine Driven Centrifugal

         Gas  Engine Driven Reciprocating
                                                  D
        Capacity
         Range
1.000  100-1800 CFM

1.561  100-1800 CFM

3.440  100-1800 CFM

1.000  600-9000 CFM

1.000  200-3000 BHP

0.870  200-3000 BHP

1.190  200-3000 BHP
Pressure
 Rating
 (PSIG)

 150

 500

2500

 125
                                   REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                             Region


                               1
                               2
                               3
                               4
                               5
                               6
                               7
                               8
                               9
                               10
       R
     1.000
     1.053
     0.070
       029
       081
       026
      ,047
      .029
      .055
     1.024

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                                                                                    AC-2
                                                                          AIR COMPRESSOR
Installed air compressor cost includes purchased cost of air compressor, base plate,
coupling, driver, cooler, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumenta-
tion, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering
and construction overhead).
INSTALLED AIR COMPRESSOR COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fn)(F0)
                                                          JJ   K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.91 to 1.57 percent of installed air compressor
cost.



  ,                             OPERATION COST

The air compressor will require between 0.03 and 0.039 operators per shift.



                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                    0.05 - 0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining              0.063-0.071                      14-16

Resins and Polymers               0.071-0.111                       9-14

Food and Beverage                 0.056-0.091                      11-18

Pulp and Paper                    0.063-0.100                      10-16

Mining                            0.063-0.100                      10-18

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                                                                                      ACU-1
AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
                                   10
                              100000
                                          AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
                            CAPACITY  (TONS)
                                   100                         1000
                          o
                          Q
                          CN
                          t-^
                          01
                               10000
                          M
                          O
                          £
                          tn
     Type

Roof Mounted
Air Conditioning System
                                1000
              DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

                             Curve
           0.00
           0.00
            OTHER COST DATA
     Type
Floor Mounted
Window Vented
Installed Base Cost
  (1972 Dollars)

      815.00
     1220.00
                                                               10
                                                          CAPACITY (HP)
REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                Region

                                  1
                                  2
                                  3
                                  4
                                  5
                                  6
                                  7


                                 10
                                                                                    000
                                                                                   ,102
                                                                                  0. 989
                                                                                  1.054
                                                                                  1. 097
                1.039
                1.084
                1.050
                1.079
                1.052
                                                              100

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                                                                                   ACU-2
                                                                   AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
Installed air conditioning unit cost includes purchased cost of air conditioning unit,
handling and setting, piping and ductwork, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical,
insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).


INSTALLED AIR CONDITIONING UNIT COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (F- + FD)
                                                                 U    K

                                     ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1.5 percent of installed air conditioning
unit cost.


                                     OPERATION COST

Air conditioning units require no operator attention.


                           PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
	          (percent)	               (years)	

Heavy Chemical                      0.071-0.091                    11-14

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and  Paper                     0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18

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                                                                                 AD-1

                                                                            AIR DRYER
AIR DRYER
                   Of.
                   3
                   _j
                   o
                   Q
                   CM
                   O1
                   o
                   o
                       1000000
                        100000
                         10000
                             100
                                                        1000
                                                     CAPACITY (CFM)
                                                                                   10000
                                                   REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                              Region


                                                1
                                                2
                                                3
                                                4
                                                5
                                                6
                                                7
                                                9
                                               10
   R
1.000
1.010
0.938
1.024
1.121
  031
  044
  054
  050
                                                                   1.010

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                                                                                    AD-2
                                                                               AIR DRYER
Installed air dryer cost includes purchased cost of air dryer, handling and setting,
piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, insulation, paint, and indirect costs
(prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).

INSTALLED AIR DRYER    COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FR)

                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE
Annual maintenance will be approximately 1.56 percent of installed air dryer cost.

                               OPERATION COST
Air dryers require no operator attention.

                     PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE
INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION RATE              EXPECTED LIFETIME
	      	(percent)	      	(years)	
Heavy Chemical                        0.071-0.091                     11-20
Oil and Gas Refining                  0.063-0.071                     14-16
Resins and Polymers                   0.071-0.111                      9-14
Food and Beverage                     0.056- .091                     11-18
Pulp and Paper                        0.063-0.100                     10-16
Mining                                0.063-0.100                     10-18

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                                                                                     AOT-1

                                                                        AGITATED OPEN TANK
AGITATED OPEN TANK
                           1000000
        D
        cte>
                        o
                        Q
                        Csl
                        r~^
                        CTl
                        8  100000
                        ca
                        n
                             10000
                                 1000
                                                            10000
           MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                       CAPACITY  (GALLONS)
   Material

   CS
   SS304
   Al
   Ni
   Monel
   Cu
   Moly
   Glass  Lined CS
   1/4 inch  Rubber  Lined CS
   A 204  CS
   Ti
   M
  000
  045
  750
  025
1.924
1.739
2.578
2.827
1.462
  504
                                2.056
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region                 Fn
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
  000
  071
0.979
  038
  084
  029
  067
  032
  072
                                                                        1.035
                        1.12
                             - TEMPERATURE  ADJUSTMENT
                        1.00
                                       500         1000

                                         TEMPERATURE  (°F>
                                           10
                                                                1500

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                                                                                   AOT-2
                                                                      AGITATED OPEN TANK
Installed agitated open tank cost includes purchased cost of agitated tank, impeller,
motor and drive, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation,
electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and
construction overhead).


INSTALLED AGITATED OPEN TANK COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FM) (FR) (Fp)  (F-,.)


                                  ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 7.38 to 10 percent of installed agitated  open tank
cost and will depend primarily upon severity of process conditions  (temperature,
cycling, viscosity).


                                   OPERATION COST

Agitated open tanks require between 0.25 and 0.5 operators per shift.


                         PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                     DEPRECIATION RATE          EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                       (percent)                   (years)
Heavy Chemical                        0.071-0.091                  11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                  0.063-0.071                  14-16

Resins and Polymers                   0.071-0.111                   9-14

Food and Beverage                     0.056- .091                  11-18

Pulp and Paper                        0.063-0.100                  10-16

Mining                                0.063-0.100                  10-18
                                      11

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                                                                                            APT-1

                                                                           AGITATED PRESSURE TANK
     AGITATED PRESSURE TANK
                                   1000000
                                o
                                Q
                               csi
                               i-^
                               at
                               in
                               o
                               u
                                <
                                ca
                                Q
                                LU
                                _i
                                <
                                    100000
              DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
                                     10000
                                         100
Type

Autoclave
Mixer
Jacketed
  Reactor
ASME Code
  Designed
  Range
(Gallons)

100-2000
100-10000
100-2000

100-2000
Curve

  A
  B
  A
1.0000
1.0000
0.6635

1.0000
 Type
Autoclave
Autoclave
Mixer
Mixer
Mixer
Mixer
Jacketed
   Reactor
 Jacketed
   Reactor
   MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT

    Material             FM
    Symbol

    CS                  0.000
    SS304               0.610
    CS                  0.000
    SS304               0.110
    SS316               0.117
    SS347               0.179
    SS304               0.065

    Glass Lined CS       0.136
                      OVERALL CAPACITY  (GALLONS)
                                                                    REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                       Region

                                         1
                                         2
                                         3
                                         4
                                         5
                                         6
                                         7
                                         8
                                         9
                                        10
                                                                                      rR
                                                                                    1.000
                                                                                    1.068
                                                                                    0.981
                                                    036
                                                    078
                                                    028
                                                    065
                                                    031
                                                    069
                                                            1.034
                               100
                                        500
                                                    1000
                                                                 1500
                                         PRESSURE  (PSIG)
                                                   12

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                                                                                   APT-2
                                                                  AGITATED  PRESSURE TANK
 Installed agitated pressure tank cost  includes purchased cost of agitated pressure
 tank  (autoclaves  include design by vendor, thermometer well, blow pipe,full vacuum
 rating), motor and drive,  skirt, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel,
 instrumentation,  electrical,  insulation, paint, and  indirect costs  (prime contractor
 engineering and construction  overhead).


 INSTALLED AGITATED PRESSURE TANK COST.S = (INSTALLED BASE COST)  (.Fp + FM + Fp)(FR)


                                 ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

 Annual maintenance will be approximately 0.883 percent of installed agitated pressure
 tank  cost and will primarily  depend upon process conditions  (temperature, pressure,
 viscosity, cycling).


                                  OPERATION COST

 Agitated pressure tanks require between 0.25 and 1.00 operators per shift.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

 INDUSTRY GROUP                      DEPRECIATION RATE
 	                 (percent)	
Heavy Chemical

Oil and Gas Refining

Resins and Polymers

Food and Beverage

Pulp and Paper

Mining
0.071-0.091

0.063-0.071

0.071-0.111

0.056- .091

0.063-0.100

0.063-0.100
EXPECTED LIFETIME
    (years)	


     11-20

     14-16

      9-14

     11-18

     10-16

     10-18
                                      13

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                                                                                  AS-1

                                                                       AERATION SYSTEM
AERATION SYSTEM
                        1000000
                         100000
                          10000
                                _ 10.5 HOURS RETENTION TIME
                              0.1
                                                          1.0

                                                     CAPACITY (MGD)
                                                                                     10.0
                                                          REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                   Region

                                                     1
                                                     2
                                                     3
                                                     4
                                                     5
                                                     6
                                                     7
                                                    10
  000
  045
0.947
  043
  133
  041
 .066
 .065
 .067
 .029
                                        14

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                                                                                     AS-2
                                                                         AERATION SYSTEM
 Installed aeration system cost includes reinforced concrete basin, floating
mechanical aerators, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical,
paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).
 INSTALLED AERATION SYSTEM COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 0.5 to 1.5 percent of installed  aeration
system cost.
                               OPERATION COST

Aeration  systems require no operator attention.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIEFTIME
                                      (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.016  -  0.040                  25-60

Oil and Gas Refining                0.016  -  0.040                  25-60

Resins and Polymers                 0.016  -  0.040                  25-60

Food and Beverage                   0.016  -  0.040                  25-60

Pulp and Paper                      0.016  -  0.040                  25-60

Mining                              0.016  -  0.040                  25-60
                                       15

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   BLENDER
                                                                                    BL-1

                                                                                 BLENDER
                           100000
                        o
                        o
                        u>  10000
                             1000
                                                            10
                                                                                       100
                                           POWER (HP)
                                    CAPACITY (CUBIC FEET)
Type
         DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

               Curve
Rotary           A

Spiral Ribbon    B
1.000

1.000
                        REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
                                                                           R
.000
.036
,943
.036
                                                                        1.131
                                                                        1.037
                                                                        1.051
                                                                        1.059
                                                                        1.063
                                                                        1.022
                                          16

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                                                                                    BL-2
                                                                                 BLENDER
 Installed blender cost includes purchased cost of blender, motor and drive, handling
 and  setting, piping and ductwork, concrete, instrumentationt electrical, paint, and
 indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead),
 INSTALLED BLENDER COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD>(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1.3 percent of installed blender cost and
will primarily depend upon cycling, product characteristics and batch time.
                               OPERATION COST

Blenders require between 0.125 and 0.5 operators per shift.



                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE          EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.05-0.091                    11-20

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                   14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                    9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.091                   11-18

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                   10-16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                   10^18
                                     17

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                                                                                    C-l

                                                                              CONDENSER
 CONDENSER
                         100000
                     o
                     Q
                     UJ
                     CO
                     <
                     £
                     CO
                          10000
                           1000
                               10
                                     100

                              WATER RATE (GPft)
                                                                                     1000
     MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT

Material              F.
                       M
CI
CS
Rubber Lined CS
1.000
0.779
1.209
REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                  Region

                                                    1
                                                    2
                                                    3
                                                    4
                                                    5
                                                    6
                                                    7
                                                    8
                                                    9
                                                   10
                                                   000
                                                   068
                                                 0.981
                                                   034
                                                   079
                                                   026
                                                   062
                                                   025
                                                   070
                                                                       1.031
                                        18

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                                                                                     C-2
                                                                               CONDENSER
Installed condenser cost includes purchased cost of barometric condenser, handling and
setting, piping, concrete steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and
indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED CONDENSER COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FM) (FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.75 to 0.90 percent of installed condenser cost and
will depend upon severity of process conditions.


                               OPERATION COST

Condensers require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                      DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
	                (percent)	           	(years)	

Heavy Chemical                        0.071-0.091                    11-14

Oil and Gas Refining                  0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                      0.071                         14

Food and Beverage                     0.056- .083                    12-18

Pulp and Paper                           0.063                         16

Mining                                0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       19

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                                                                                CE-1

                                                                               CRANE
CRANE
                     1000000
                  trt
                  a:
                  5
                  o
                  a
                 CSI
                 en
                  g   100000
                  <£
                  O)
                       10000
                                                       10

                                                 CAPACITY (TONS)
                                                                                   100
                                                REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                             Region

                                               1
                                               2
                                               3
                                               4
                                               5
                                               6
                                               7
                                               8
                                               9
                                               10
   R

  000
  040
0.995
  022
  040
  036
  027
  018
  031
1.018
                                     20

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                                                                                     CE-2
                                                                                    CRANE
 Installed crane cost  includes purchased cost of crane, field erection,  steel,  electrical,
 paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction  overhead).


 INSTALLED CRANE COST.* =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)  (F0)
                                                 K


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

 Annual maintenance will vary from 2.11 to  2.14 of installed crane  cost.


                               OPERATION COST

 Cranes require no operator attention.
INPUSTRY GROUP
Heavy Chemical

Oil and Gas Refining

Resins and Polymers

Food and Beverage

Pulp and Paper

Mining
PROBABLE ANjNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

             DEPRECIATION RATE
                (percent)	

               0.05-0.091

               0.063-0.071

               0.071-0.111

               0.056-0,091

               0.063-»0.100

               0.063-0.100
EXPECTED LIFETIME
    (years)	

    11-20

    14-16

     9-14

    11-18

    10-16

    10-18
                                       21

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                                                                                 CO-1

                                                                             CONVEYOR
                      1000000
                    o
                    Q
                    CM
                    P-,
                    CD
                    <
                    
-------
                                                                                  CO-2
                                                                              CONVEYOR
Installed conveyor cost includes purchased cost of conveyor, motor, and drive,
handling and setting, ductwork, concrete, instrumentation, electrical, paint,
and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED CONVEYOR COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)(Fn)
                                                   K   JJ
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from .32 to 6.85 percent of installed conveyor cost
and will depend upon abrasiveness and particle size of material being transported.
                               OPERATION COST

Conveyors require no operator attention.  Operator attention is determined at
processing functions at either end of conveyor.


                         PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE                EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                         (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.050-0.071                        14-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                        14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                         9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                        11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                        10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                        10-18
                                        23

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                                                                                       CO-3

                                                                             APRON CONVEYOR
   ARROW CONVEYOR
                             1000000
                          in
                          at
TI
                          s
                          S




                          i*
                          in
                          !Z
100000
                               10000
                                                               10

                                                          LENGTH (FEET)
                                                                                          100
                                                           REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

                                                       Region                 F
                                                          9
                                                         10
                                                                               R

                                                                             000
                                                                             037
                                                                           0.959
                                                                             027
                                                                             100
                                                                             027
                                                                             042
                                                                             045
                                                                             050
                                                                           1.019
                                             24

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                                                                                    CO-4
                                                                          APRON CONVEYOR
Installed apron conveyor cost includes purchased cost of apron conveyor, motor and
drive, handling and setting, ductwork concrete, instrumentation, electrical, paint,
and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED APRON CONVEYOR COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FJ
                                                          K

                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.142 to .265 percent of installed apron conveyor
cost and will depend upon  abrasiveness and particle size of material being conveyed.


                               OPERATION COST

Apron conveyors require no operator attention.  Operator attention is determined at
processing steps at either end of conveyor.


                  PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE


INDUSTRY GROUP                DEPRECIATION RATE              EXPECTED LIFETIME
	              (percent)	                  (years)	

Heavy Chemical                  0.050-0.071                        14-20

Oil and Gas Refining            0.063-0.071                        14-16

Resins and Polymers             0.071-0.111                         9-14

Food and Beverage               0.056-0.091                        11-18

Pulp and Paper                  0.063-0.100                        10-16

Mining                          0.063-0.100                        10-18
                                       25

-------
                                                                                 CO-5

                                                                      ROLLER CONVEYOR
ROLLER CONVEYOR
                           1000
'000000000"
                      o
                      Q
                     Ovl
                     r^
                     CD
§
                      Q
                      LLI
                            100
                                                                                    100
                                                   REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                Region

                                                  1
                                                  2
                                                  3
                                                  4
                                                  5
                                                  6
                                                  7
                                                  8
                                                  9
                                                  10
                                               'R
                                             1.000
                                             1.039
                                             0.967
                                             1.030
                                             1.112
                                             1.028
                                             1.041
                                             1.054
                                             1.049
                                             1.015
              1.00
                  12   13   14   15   16   17    18   19   20   21
                                WIDTH (INCHES)
                                        26

-------
                                                                                    CO-6
                                                                         ROLLER CONVEYOR
Installed roller conveyor cost includes purchased cost of roller conveyer, motor and
drive, handling and setting, concrete, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and indirect
costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED ROLLER CONVEYOR COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fw)(FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 6.56 to 6.67 percent of installed roller conveyor
cost and will depend upon usage conditions (cycling, hours per  day).


                               OPERATION COST

Roller conveyors require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE              EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                       (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.050-0.071                       14-20

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                       14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                        9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.091                       11-18

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                       10-16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                       10-18
                                       27

-------
                                                                                         CO-7

                                                                   PNEUMATIC CONVEYING SYSTEM
PNEUMATIC CONVEYING SYSTEM
                              100000
    M
      l\   \
                           05
                           cc
                           3
                           _l
                           o
                           Q
                          CN1
                          r~v
                          en
                           g   10000
                          a
                          HI
                                1000
                                    100
                                                                1000


                                                    OVERALL  SYSTEM LENGTH  (FEET)
                                                                                           10000
             DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

      Pipe Size              F
      4 inch
      3 inch
                              D
1.000
0.883
  REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

.Region
                                                                              R
                                                                           1.000
                                                                           1.036
                                                                           0.962
                                                                              031
                                                                              106
                                                                              030
                                                                              044
                                                                              048
                                                                              055
                                                                           1.020
                                    5            10

                                  FLOWRATfi (T^S/HfO
                                 IS

-------
                                                                                    CO-8
                                                              PNEUMATIC CONVEYING SYSTEM
Installed pneumatic conveying system cost includes purchased cost of pneumatic conveying
system components, blower, motor, base, coupling, check valve, filter, field erection,
piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and indirect costs (prime
contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED PNEUMATIC CONVEYING SYSTEM COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fp)(Fp) (FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 7.44 percent of installed pneumatic conveying
system cost and will depend upon hours of operation per day, cycling, fluid abrasiveness
and particle size.


                               OPERATION COST

The pneumatic conveying system will require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE               EXPECTED LIFETIME
	             (percent)	                   (years)	

Heavy Chemical                      0.050-0.071                         14-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                         14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                          9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                         11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                         10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                         10-18
                                       29

-------
                                                                                       CO-9

                                                                            BUCKET CONVEYOR
    BUCKET CONVEYOR
                              100000
                          csi
                          I-v.
                          en
                          CO
                          o
                               10000
                                1000
                                                                                          100
Type
        DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
                       Bucket Size  Curve  F.,
Centrifugal
Centrifugal
Centrifugal
Centrifugal
Centrifugal
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous

Type

Closed Belt
Closed Belt
Closed Belt
Closed Belt
Open Belt
Open Belt
Open Belt
Open Belt
 Bucket
 Bucket
 Bucket
 Bucket
 Bucket
Bucket
Bucket
Bucket
   6x4
   8x5
  10  x  6
  12  x  7
  16  x  8
   8x5
  14  x  7
  15  x  8

 Width
(Inches)
 36.0
 30.0
 24.0
 18.0
 18.0
 36.0
 42.0
 48.0
                      Curve

                        A
                        A
                        A
                        A
                        A
                        A
                        A
                        A
   000
   163
   503
   694
   007
   283
   229
                               6.525
IP.
1.000
0.955
0.889
0.847
0.334
0.696
0.785
0.838
   REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                Fp
  9
 10
                    1.000
                    1.036
                    0.959
                    1.027
                      .100
                      .027
                      .043
                      .044
                      .050
                    1.018
                                              30

-------
                                                                                   CO-10
                                                                          BUCKET  CONVEYOR
 Installed conveyor cost  includes purchased cost of conveyor, motor and drive, handling
 and  setting, ductwork, concrete, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and  indirect
 costs  (prime contractor  engineering and construction overhead).


 INSTALLED CONVEYOR COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD)(Fn)
                                                    K   JJ

                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

 Annual maintenance will  vary from  .32 to 6.85 percent of installed conveyor cost and
 will depend upon abrasiveness and  particle size of material being transported.


                               OPERATION COST

 Conveyors require no operator attention.  Operator attention is determined at processing
 functions at either end  of conveyor.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

 INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
 	             (percent)	               (years)	

 Heavy Chemical                      0.050-0.071                    14-20

 Oil  and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

 Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

 Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

 Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                      31

-------
                                                                                        CP-1

                                                                            CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
   CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
                                 100000
                              100000
                                                    GPM x HEAD (GPM-FEET)
                                                             1000000
                                                                                         10000000
                          CO
                          OL
                          o
                          o
                          CNI
                          I-.*
                          CT1
                          UJ
                          to
                          S
                               10000
                                1000
                                   1000
                                                              10000
                                                     GPM x HEAD  (GPM-FEET)
                                                                                          100000
Material

  CS
  SS304
  Ni
  Worthite
  Ti
  Monel
           MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT
                            F.
                             M
                           0.000
                           0.047
                           0.107
                           0.077
                           0.457
                           0.101
           DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
                           Fr,
                             000
                             101
                             001
Type

American Voluntary
  Standards Heavy Duty
Heavy Duty
Moderate Service
General Service High
  Speed Open Impeller      0.950
General Service High Speed 0.976
General Service Medium
  Speed Open Impeller      0.942
Turbine Driven Multi
  Stage
Motor Driven Multi
  Stage
                           1.190
                           1.421
      REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region                   F,,
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
                                                                               000
                                                                               067
                                                                             0.978
038
083
026
056
027
068
                                                                             1.030
                                             32

-------
                                                                                          CP-2
                                                                              CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Installed centrifugal pump cost includes purchased cost of centrifugal pump, base plate,
coupling, driver, handling and setting, piping, concrete, instrumentation, electrical,
insulation, paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).


INSTALLED CENTRIFUGAL PUMP COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD + FM)(FR)


                                    ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 2.79 to 3.03 of the installed centrifugal pump cost and
will depend upon operational hours per day, pressure, temperature, and fluid abrasiveness.


                                     OPERATION COST

Centrifugal pumps require no operator attention.


                             PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                         DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
	             (percent)	           	(years)	

Heavy Chemical                            0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                      0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                       0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                         0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                            0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                                    0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                             33

-------
        CRUSHER
                             1000000
                                                          DRIVER POWER (HP)
                                                               100
                                                         CR-1


                                                      CRUSHER

                                                           1000
                          o
                          Q
                          CM
                          l~^
                          CD
                          tn
                          <
                          M
                          Q
                          UJ
                              100000
                               10000
                                    10
                                                               100
                                                        CAPACITY  (TONS/DAY)
                                                                                           1000
              DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
        Type
Cone Crusher
Gyratory Crusher
Jaw Crusher
Pulverizer
Roll Crusher
Rotary Crusher
Sawtooth Crusher
                             Curve
A
B
B
B
A
B
A
1.000
1.000
1.092
0.358
1.367
0.744
0.584
                              REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

                           Region               FR
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
  000
  017
0.936
 .026
 .127
 .032
 .042
 .059
 .049
                                                                              1.012
                                             34

-------
                                                                                          CR-2
                                                                                       CRUSHER
Installed crusher cost includes purchased cost of crusher, handling and setting, ductwork,
concrete, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor
engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED CRUSHER COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fn)(FD)
                                                   U   r\


                                    ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1,51 to 1.66 percent of the installed crusher cost and be
dependent upon abrasiveness of material being comminuted.


                                     OPERATION COST

Crusher requires between approximately 0.5 operators per shift.


                            PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                        DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                         (percent)                       (years)
Heavy Chemical                          0.071-0.091                      11-14

Oil and Gas Refining                    0.063-0.071                      14-16

Resins and Polymers                        0.071                           14

Food and Beverage                          0.083                           12

Pulp and Paper                             0.100                           10

Mining                                  0.063-0.100                      10-18
                                             35

-------
     CRYSTALLIZER
      100
1000000
                                                          CAPACITY (GALLONS)
                                                              1000
                             CRY-1

                      CRYSTALLIZER

                                10000
                          as
                          3
                          o
                          u
                          01   100000
                          s
                               10000
                                                                                           100
                                              CAPACITY (TONS/DAY)
                                           LENGTH (FEET)
            DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
  Type                 Curve

Batch Vacuum             A
Forced Circulation       B
Mechanical               C
Oslo                     B
                                                              REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
         D
       0.00
       0.00
       0.00
       0.64
Region


  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
1.000
1.043
0.949
  041
  133
  041
  064
  066
  067
                                                                                1.027
                                             36

-------
                                                                                         CRY-2
                                                                                  CRYSTALLIZER
Installed crystallizer cost includes purchased cost of crystallizer handling and setting,
piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect
costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED CRYSTALLIZER COST.S = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FR + Fp)


                                    ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1.68 to 5.38 percent of the installed crystallizer cost
and will depend upon fluid abrasiveness, temperature, and throughput.


                                     OPERATION COST

Crystallizers require between .16 and 0.5 operators per shift.


                             PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                         DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                          (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                              0.091                           11

Oil and Gas Refining                    0.063-0.071                      14-16

Resins and Polymers                         0.071                           14

Food and Beverage                       0.056-0.083                      12-18

Pulp and Paper                          0.063-0.100                      10-16

Mining                                  0.063-0.100                      10-18
                                             37

-------
       CENTRIFUGE
                            1000000
                                                          DIAMETER  (INCHES)
                                                              10
                                                        CT-1

                                                   CENTRIFUGE

                                                           100
                          o
                          Q
                         CN
                         i^
                         CTl
      n-f
100000
                          Ul
                          _l
                          _l
                          <
                              10000
                                                                                         100
                                                   DRIVER POWER (HP)
    Type
             DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

                      Curve
ATM Suspended           A
Batch Automatic         B
Batch Bottom            B
Batch Top               B
Disk                    B
Reciprocating Conveyor  B
Scroll Conveyor         B
Solid Bowl              B
Tubular                 C
Super D                 B
                                   D
    1.000
    1.000
    0.139
    0.165
    2.802
    2.537
    2.095
    0.659
    1.000
    0.630
    REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region                FF
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
1.000
1.046
0.947
1.042
1.133
1.041
1.064
1.068
1.064
                                                                         1.029
                                             38

-------
                                                                                     CT-2
                                                                               CENTRIFUGE
Installed centrifuge cost includes purchased cost of centrifuge, motor and drive, handling
and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and
indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED CENTRIFUGE COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fg)(FR)


                               ANNUAL MAINTENANCE


Annual maintenance will vary from 0.326 - 4.39 percent of installed centrifuge cost and
will depend on cycle time, fluid clogging characteristics, temperature and pressure.


                                OPERATION COST

Centrifuges require between 0.10 and 0.25 operators per shift.


                        PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION RATE              EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                        (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                        11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                       14-16

Resins and  Polymers                0.071-0.111                        9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                       11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                       10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                       10-18
                                        39

-------
                                                                                CU-1

                                                                             CUTTER
CUTTER
                     100000
                  o
                  Q
                 CM
                 1^
                 o-i
                       10000
                  a
                  ui
                       1000
                                                       10

                                                   POWER  (HP)
                                                                                   100
                                                    REGIONAL  ADJUSTMENT
                                               Region                   F
                                                 1
                                                 2
                                                 3
                                                 4
                                                 5
                                                 6
                                                 7
                                                 8
                                                 9
                                                10
                                                                        R
1.000
1.021
0.931
  029
  142
  036
  052
  063
  058
                                                                     1.016
                                     40

-------
                                                                                     CU-2
                                                                                   CUTTER
Installed cutter cost includes purchased cost of cutter, motor and drive, handling and
setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and indirect costs
(prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED CUTTER COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FR)


                               ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1.33 - 1.39 of installed cutter cost and will depend
upon cycle time, material hardness and process throughput.


                                OPERATION COST

Cutters require between 0 and 0.25 operators per shift.


                        PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION RATE               EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                        (years)
Heavy Chemical                         0.091                            11

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                        14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                         9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.067-0.091                        11-15

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                        10-16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                        10-18
                                       41

-------
                                                                                       D-l
         DRYER
                                                                                     DRYER
                                                      CAPACITY (IBS WATER EVAPORATED/HOUR)
                                                             1000                       10000
                         LU
                         in

                         S
                               1000
                                                              100

                                                          AREA (SQUARE FEET)
                                                                                         1000
         DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

    Type           Curves     F
                               D
Atmospheric Tray
Pan
Spray
Vacuum Tray
       MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT

Material            FM
          1.000
          3.766
          1.000
          1.681
    REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                 F
CS
SS
0.000
0.640
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
                        R
                                                         1.000
                                                         1.0S7
                                                         0.964
041
111
036
063
053
071
                                                                            1.033
                                            42

-------
                                                                                      D-2
                                                                                    DRYER


Installed dryer cost includes purchased cost of dryer and accessories (motor and drive
for appropriate types), handling and setting, piping and ductwork, concrete, steel,
instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor
engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED DRYER COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fp + FM)(FR)


                               ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.163 - 2.36 of the installed dryer cost and will depend
upon cycle time, and operating hours per year.


                                OPERATION COST

Dryers require between 0.2 and 0.5 operators per shift.


                        PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.050-0.091                      11-20

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                      14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                       9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.833                      12-18

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                      10-16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                      10-18
                                        43

-------
                                                                                    DC-1

                                                                          DUST COLLECTOR
  DUST COLLECTOR
                           100000 I	1	
                            10000 —
                             1000
                                1000
                                                      CAPACITY (CFM)
        DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
Type
                                D
                              1.000
                              0.840
                              1.213
                              5.060
Cloth Bay
Centrifugal Precipitator
Cyclone
Electrical Precipitator Hi-Voltage
Electrical Precipitator Low Voltage 3.403
Multiple Cyclone                    0.327
Washers                             0-967
Automatic Cloth Filter              0.658
                                                         REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region
                                                       1
                                                       2
                                                       3
                                                       4
                                                       5
                                                       6
                                                       7
                                                       8
                                                       9
                                                      10
                     1.000
                     1.060
                     0.982
                     1.032
                     1.070
                     1.024
                     1.052
                     1.028
                     1.056
                     1.028
                                          44

-------
                                                                                          DC-2
                                                                                DUST COLLECTOR


Installed dust collector cost includes purchased cost of dust collector (motor and drive for
applicable types) handling and setting, piping and ductwork, concrete, steel, instrumentation,
electrical (if required), insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering
and construction overhead).


INSTALLED DUST COLLECTOR COST.S = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fp)(FR)


                                    ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1.40 - 5.37 percent of the installed dust collector and
will depend upon air/media ratio, fluid abrasiveness, particle size, cycle time, and
operating hours per year.


                                     OPERATION COST

Dust collectors require between 0 and 0.05 operators per shift.


                             PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                         DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                          (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                            0.050-0.091                  11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                         0.045                       22

Resins and Polymers                          0.045                       22

Food and Beverage                            0.045                       22

Pulp and Paper                               0.045                       22

Mining                                       0.045                       22
                                             45

-------
                                                                                     DCP-1

                                                                        DRY CAUSTIC PEELER
DRY CAUSTIC PEELER
                            1000000
                             100000
                              10000
                                                                                         100
                                                    CAPACITY (TONS/HOUR)
                                                        REGIONAL  ADJUSTMENT
                                                   Region

                                                     I
                                                     2
                                                     3
                                                     4
                                                     5
                                                     6
                                                     7
                                                     8
                                                     9
                                                    10
0.959
 ,027
 .100
 ,026
  041
 .044
 ,050
                                                                        1.019
                                             46

-------
                                                                                   DCP-2
                                                                      DRY CAUSTIC PEELER
 Installed dry caustic peeler cost includes purchased cost of dry peeler, holding
 tank,  lye applicator, rinse tank, sprays, flight elevator, troughed conveyor,
 pumps, drives, ductwork and chutes, handling and setting, piping, concrete,
 steel, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor
 engineering and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED DRY CAUSTIC PEELER COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                                                             K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 2 percent of the installed dry caustic
peeler and will be dependent upon cycling and throughput.
                               OPERATION COST

Dry caustic peelers require between 0.25 and 1.0 operators per shift.



                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE          EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.050-0.071                   14-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                   14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                    9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                   11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                   10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                   10-18
                                     47

-------
                                                                                        DD-1

                                                                                  DRUM  DRYER
      DRUM DRYER
                             1000000
                              100000
                               10000
                                                               100

                                                         AREA (SQUARE FEET)
                                                                                          1000
          DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
   Type

Double Atmospheric
Single Atmospheric
Single Vacuum
  D
1.000
0.909
2.683
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region                  F
                                                         1
                                                         2
                                                         3
                                                         4
                                                         5
                                                         6
                                                         7
                                                         8
                                                         9
                                                        10
                         R
                                                     000
                                                     ,052
                                                     965
                                                     039
                                                     104
                                                     ,033
                                                     ,060
                                                     .050
                                                     ,062
                                                                             1.029
                                             48

-------
                                                                                   DD-2
                                                                             DRUM DRYER
Installed drum dryer cost includes purchased cost of drum dryer, motor, drive, handling
and setting, piping and ductwork, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, insula-
tion, paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).



INSTALLED DRUM DRYER COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD)(FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.46 - 0.55 percent of installed drum dryer cost and
will depend upon cycle time and operating hours per year.


                               OPERATION COST

Drum dryers require between 0.2 and O.S operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.05-0.091                       11-20

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                      14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                       9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.091                      11-18

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                      10-16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                      10-18
                                       49

-------
                                                                                  DW-1

                                                                              DUCTWORK
DUCTWORK
                          10000
                           1000
                            100
                                                          100
                                                                                     1000
                                         TOTAL SURFACE AREA (SQUARE FEET)
                                                          REGIONAL  ADJUSTMENT
                                                     Region                   F
                                                       1
                                                       2
                                                       3
                                                       4
                                                       5
                                                       6
                                                       7
                                                       8
                                                       9
                                                      10
1.179
                                         50

-------
                                                                                    DW-2
                                                                                DUCTWORK
Installed ductwork cost includes purchased cost of metal and accessories, handling
and setting, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).
INSTALLED DUCTWORK COST/$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fn)
                                                   K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 2 to 8 percent of installed ductwork cost and will
primarily depend upon gas/media ratio and fluid abrasiveness.
                               OPERATION COST

Ductwork requires no operator attention.




                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.050-0.091                    11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                   0.045                         22

Resins and Polymers                    0.045                         22

Food and Beverage                      0.045                         22

Pulp and Paper                         0.045                         22

Mining                                 0.045                         22
                                      51

-------
      EVAPORATOR
                            1000000
                                                              '          A
                                                       AREA  (SQUARE FEET)
                                                              10
                                                             E-l

                                                      EVAPORATOR

                                                               100
                         CO
                         cc
                         <
                         o
                         a
                             100000 -
                          <
                          I—
                              10000
                                   100
                                                              1000
                                                                                         10000
                                          AREA  (SQUARE  FEET)
                                             CAPACITY (GALLONS)
     Type
Forced Circulation
Long Tube
Standard Horizontal
Standard Vertical
Jacketed
Long Vertical
Falling Film
                       DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
                         Curve    P.,    Base Material
                                                                       REGIONAL  ADJUSTMENT
                                                                    Region                F
A
A
C
A
D
  000
1.000
0.617
1.137
1.000
0.318
1.000
                                1
CS
SS
CS
CS
Glass Lined CS
CS
SS
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
                                                                                          R
                                                            1.000
                                                            1.074
                                                            0.979
036
079
027
071
026
069
                  1.036
Material

Karbate Tube/CS Shell
Pb Tube/Pb Lined CS Shell
Cu Tube/CI Shell
                MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT
                          Base Material
    CS
    CS
    CS
                  M
           4.458
           1.852
           0.933
                                            52

-------
                                                                                      E-2
                                                                              EVAPORATOR
 Installed evaporator cost  includes purchased cost of evaporator, accessories, handling
 and  setting, piping, concrete, steel,  instrumentation, electrical,  insulation, paint,
 and  indirect costs  (prime  contractor engineering and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED EVAPORATOR COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD)(FM) (FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from  0.20  - 4.31 percent of the installed evaporator cost
and will depend upon operating hours per year, fluid viscosity, cycle time and tempera-
ture and pressure.


                               OPERATION COST

Evaporators require between 0.2 and 0.5 operators per shift.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

 INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                       (years)
Heavy Chemical                        0.091                          11

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                     14-16

Resins and Polymers                   0.071                          14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.083                     12-18

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                     10-16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                     10-18
                                       53

-------
                                                                                    ED-1

                                                                         ELECTRODIALYSIS
ELECTRODIALYSIS
                        10000000
                         1000000
                          100000
                                100
                                                           1000

                                                       CAPACITY (GPM)
                                                                                      10000
                                                          REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

                                                      Region                F
                                                         1
                                                         2
                                                         3
                                                         4
                                                         5
                                                         6
                                                         7
                                                         8
                                                         9
                                                        10
                                                                             R
  000
  022
0.931
  039
 ,152
 ,045
 .062
 ,077
 .062
1.021
                                          54

-------
                                                                                    ED-2
                                                                         ELECTRODIALYSIS
Installed electrodialysis module cost includes purchased cost of membrane stocks
pumps, and accessories, field erection, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation,
electrical, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).
INSTALLED ELECTRODIALYSIS COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 5 percent of installed electrodialysis
module and will depend upon processing conditions and membrane life.
                               OPERATION COST

Electrodialysis modules require between 0.25 and 1 operator per shift.



                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE


INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                   (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                   11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                  14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                   9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                  11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                  10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                  10-18
                                      55

-------
                                                                                         EG-1

                                                                           ELECTRIC GENERATOR
   ELECTRIC GENERATOR
                               100000
                                                                                            1000,
                           o
                           a
                           csj
                           r-.
                           en
                           o
                           u
                           2
                           Q
                                10000
                                                                                           100000
     Type
DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

    Curve       FT.
                                                              REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Portable
Turbo Generator
Unit Steam
      A
      A
1.000
1.000
2.317
Region


  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
                                                                               1.000
                                                                               1.001
                                                                               0.934
                                                                                .026
                                                                                ,128
                                                                                .035
                                                                                .030
                                                                                .067
                                                                                ,037
                                                                               1.008
                                               56

-------
                                                                                         EG-2
                                                                           ELECTRIC GENERATOR
Installed electrical generator cost includes purchased cost of electrical generator,
accessories, handling and setting, interconnecting if required, piping, concrete,
instrumentation, electrical, insulation if required, paint, and indirect costs
(prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).



INSTALLED ELECTRICAL GENERATOR COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)  (Fn)(Fn)
                                                                JJ   K


                                   ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1.7 - 2.0 percent of installed electrical generator cost


                                    OPERATION COST

Electrical generators require between 0 and 5 operators per shift depending upon type,
process application and size.


                            PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                        DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                         (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                              0.036                         28

Oil and Gas Refining                        0.036                         28

Resins and Polymers                         0.036                         28

Food and Beverage                           0.036                         28

Pulp and Paper                              0.036                         28

Mining                                      0.036                         28
                                            57

-------
    EJECTOR
                                                                                   EJ-1

                                                                                EJECTOR
                          100000
                      3    10000
                            1000
                                                           100
                                               CAPACITY (IBS  AIR/HOUR)
                                                                                      1000
      DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

Number of Stages         F
                          D
                       1.00
                       1.47
                       3.47
                       3.90
REGIONAL
Region
1
•J
&
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
ADJUSTMENT
FR
1.000
1.084
0.987
1.046
1.081
1.031
1.081
1.033
1.081
1.041
                              100         200

                             PRESSURE (MM-HG)

                                         58
                                                      300

-------
                                                                                     EJ-2
                                                                                  EJECTOR
 Installed ejector cost includes purchased cost of ejector, handling and  setting, piping,
 steel, insulation, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and  construction
 overhead).

 INSTALLED EJECTOR COST.$ =  (INSTALLED  BASE COST)(Fp) (Fp) (FR)

                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE
 Annual maintenance will be  approximately 1.6 percent of the installed ejector cost.

                               OPERATION COST
 Ejectors require no operator attention.

                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE
 INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.071-0.091                    11-14
Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                    14-16
Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                     9-14
Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.091                    11-18
Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                    10-16
Mining                             0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       59

-------
                                                                                     EL-1

                                                                                 ELEVATOR
     ELEVATOR
                          1000000
                        to
                        ce
                        3
                        o
                        a
                           100000
                        o
                        LU
                        _i
                        _i
                        <
                            10000
                                 10
        DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
   Type
Freight
Passenger
1.000
1.506
                                                       I
                                                            100


                                                        LIFT (FEET)
                                                                                        1000
REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                      Region
                                                        1
                                                        2
                                                        3
                                                        4
                                                        5
                                                        6
                                                        7
                                                        8
                                                        9
                                                       10
                                                       1.000
                                                       1.029
                                                       0.996
                                                        .014
                                                        .026
                                                        .008
                                                        .011
                                                        .011
                                                        .020
                                                        .011
                         1,0  2,0   3,0  4,0  5,0  6.0

                                  CAPACITY (TONS)
                                           60
                                  7,0  8,0  9.0

-------
                                                                                    EL-2
                                                                                ELEVATOR
Installed elevator cost includes purchased cost of elevator, motor and drive, field
erection by subcontractor, structural steel, subcontractors overhead and profit,
indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED ELEVATOR COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD)(FC)(FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1.6 percent of installed elevator cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Elevators require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
	             (percent)	                (years)	

Heavy Chemical                      0.016-0.022                     45-60

Oil and Gas Refining                0.016-0.022                     45-60

Resins and Polymers                 0.016-0.022                     45-60

Food and Beverage                   0.016-0.022                     45-60

Pulp and Paper                      0.016-0.022                     45-60

Mining                              0.016-0.022                     45-60
                                      61

-------
                                                                                      ES-1

                                                                       EQUALIZATION SYSTEM
EQUALIZATION SYSTEM
                           10000000
                         o
                         Q
                        CM
                        1^
                        CD
                            1000000
                                                              1.0

                                                        CAPACITY (MGPD)
                                                                                         10.0
                                                             REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                        Region

                                                           1
                                                           2
                                                           3
                                                           4
                                                           5
                                                           6
                                                           7
                                                           8
                                                           9
                                                          10
  000
  045
0.947
1.043
1.133
  041
  066
  065
  067
                                                                              1.029
                                             62

-------
                                                                                    ES-2
                                                                     EQUALIZATION SYSTEM
 Installed equalization system cost  includes reinforced concrete basin, variable speed
 centifugal pumps, floating aerators, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electri-
 cal, paint, and  indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead)
 INSTALLED EQUALIZATION SYSTEM COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                                                              K



                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE


Annual maintenance will be approximately 0.25 to 0.75 percent of installed equalization
system cost.
                               OPERATION COST
Equalization systems require no operator attention.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

 INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.016-0.040                    25-60

Oil and Gas Refining               0.016-0.040                    25-60

Resins and Polymers                0.016-0.040                    25-60

Food and Beverage                  0.016-0.040                    25-60

Pulp and Paper                     0.016-0.040                    25-60

Mining                             0.016-0.040                    25-60
                                       63

-------
                                                                                 EX-1

                                                                           EXTRACTOR
EXTRACTOR
                     1000000
                   o
                   Q
                  CM   100000
                  t\
                  CT>
                   O
                   CJ
                        10000
                                                        10

                                                  CAPACITY (GPM)
                                                                                   100
                                                      REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

                                                 Region                 FR
                                                   1
                                                   2
                                                   3
                                                   4
                                                   5
                                                   6
                                                   7
                                                   8
                                                   9
                                                  10
1.000
1.045
0.947
 ,043
  133
 ,041
 ,066
 ,065
 ,067
                                                                      1.029
                                      64

-------
                                                                                    EX-2
                                                                               EXTRACTOR
Installed extractor cost includes purchased cost of continuous centrifugal extractor,
motor and drive, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation,
electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and
construction overhead) .


INSTALLED EXTRACTOR COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fn)
                                                     K

                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 2 percent of the installed extractor cost and
will depend upon cycle time, operating hours per year and process conditions.


                               OPERATION COST

Extractors require approximately 0.25 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE                 EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                          (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                          11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                         14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                          9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                         11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                         10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                         10-18
                                       65

-------
                                                                                        F-l

                                                                                     FILTER
        FILTER
                            1000000
                         o
                         Q
                         CS1
                         r^-
                         CTl
                         8  100000
                              10000
                                                 B
                                        AREA (SQUARE FEET)
                                                DIAMETER  (INCHES)
          DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

     Type          Curve     Fr
Sewage
Rotary Drum
Rotary Disk
Plate and Frame
Wet Leaf
Dry Leaf
Sparkler
B
B
B
B
B
B
A
1.00
1.36
1.45
0.25
0.30
0.36
1.00
          PLATE AND FRAME
       MATERIAL  ADJUSTMENT
Material
CS
Pb
Pine
Al
Bronze
SS
     1.00
     2.15
     0.82
     1.68
     2.91
     5.53
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                 F
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
                        R
 000
,021
                                                                            0.930
                                                         ,038
                                                         ,151
                                                         ,044
                                                         ,062
                                                         ,077
                                                         ,061
                                                                            1.021
                                             66

-------
                                                                                     F-2
                                                                                  FILTER
Installed filter cost includes purchased cost of filter,  (motor and drive when
applicable), auxiliaries, handling and setting, piping and ductwork, concrete,
steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime
contractor engineering and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED FILTER COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fp) (FM)(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 3.39 - 5.62 percent of installed filter cost and
will depend upon process thruput, percent solids, particle size, temperature and
pressure, and cycle time.


                               OPERATION COST

Filters require between 0.25 and 0.5 operators per shift.



                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                       0.05-0.091                    11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                 0.063-0.071                   14-16

Resins and Polymers                  0.071-0.111                    9-14

Food and Beverage                    0.056-0.091                   11-18

Pulp and Paper                       0.063-0.100                   10-16

Mining                               0.063-0.100                   10-18
                                       67

-------
       FEEDER
                             100000
                         05

                         5
t/>
o
u
ui

-------
                                                                                     FE-2
                                                                                   FEEDER
 Installed  feeder  cost  includes  purchased  cost  of  feeder, motor  and  drive,  handling  and
 setting, piping and  ductwork, concrete, instrumentation, electrical,  paint,  and
 indirect costs  (prime  contractor  engineering and  construction overhead).


 INSTALLED  FEEDER  COST,$  =  (INSTALLED  BASE COST)(Fp)(FR)


                              ANNUAL  MAINTENANCE

 Annual maintenance will  be  approximately  3 percent  of  installed feeder  cost.


                                OPERATION  COST

 Feeders require no operator attention.
                  >

'                      PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION  RATE

 INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION  RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                   (years)
 Heavy  Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

 Oil  and  Gas  Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

 Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

 Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

 Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

 Mining                             0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       69

-------
                                                                              FL-1

                                                                            FLAKER
FLAKER
                    1000000
                 in
                 8   100000
                                                     1000
                                              AREA (SQUARE FEET)
                                                                                10000
                                                       REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                   Region

                                                     1
                                                     2
                                                     3
                                                     4
                                                     5
                                                     6
                                                     7
                                                     8
                                                     9
                                                    10
1.000
1.050
0.965
  038
  104
  034
  059
  051
  059
                                                                       1.030
                                    70

-------
                                                                                    FL-2
                                                                                  F LAKER
Installed flaker cost includes purchased cost of flaker, motor and drive, accessories,
handling and setting, piping and ductwork, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical,
insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).


INSTALLED FLAKER COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                                                 K


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 2.75 percent of installed flaker cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Flakers require approximately 0.25 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.05-0.091                      11-20

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                     14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                      9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.091                     11-18

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                     10-16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                     10-18
                                       71

-------
                                                                                      FM-1

                                                                        FLOATATION  MACHINE
FLOATATION MACHINE
                            100000
                             10000
                        <
                        h-
                              1000
                                                                                        100
                                                      CAPACITY (CUBIC FEET)
                                                          REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                     Region                 FR
                                                        1
                                                        2
                                                        3
                                                        4
                                                        5
                                                        6
                                                        7
                                                        8
                                                        9
                                                       10
  000
  050
0.945
  044
  139
  043
  071
  068
  074
                                                                           1.031
                                            72

-------
                                                                                    FM-2
                                                                      FLOATATION MACHINE
Installed floatation machine cost includes purchased cost of floatation machine, motor
and drive, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical,
insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).


INSTALLED FLOATATION MACHINE COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 2 percent of installed floatation machine cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Floatation machines require approximately 0.25 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.056-0.100                  10-18

Oil and Gas Refining                0.056-0.100                  10-18

Resins and Polymers                 0.056-0.100                  10-18

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.100                  10-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.056-0.100                  10-18

Mining                              0.056-0.100                  10-18
                                       73

-------
                                                                                        FN-1

                                                                                         FAN
           FAN
                              100000
                               10000
                                1000
                                   100
                                                              1000
                                                         CAPACITY (CFM)
                                                                   10000
               DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
Type
              rD
Centrifugal   1.000
  Turbo
Centrifugal  32.110
  Compressor
Centrifugal   0.106
Propeller     0.063
Rotary        1.692
  Blower
Vane Axial    0.134
Pressure
 Range

1-30 psig

1000 psig


  10 psig
1.0 - 20.0

   1.0

   1.0
   1.0
   1.0

   1.0
                                REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                           Region                  F
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
                                                                                     R
1.000
1 .047
0.951
1.036
1.125
1.035
1. 054
1.054
1.066
1.025
             10.0
              1.0
   PRESSURE  ADJUSTMENT
 (CENTRIFUGAL  TURBO  ONLY) —
                                       A
                1.0
                                           10.0

                                        PRESSURE (PSIG)
                                           74
                                                                      100.0

-------
                                                                                         FN-2
                                                                                          FAN
Installed fan cost includes purchased cost of fan, motor and drive, handling and setting,
piping and ductwork,  concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and
indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED FAN COST,$  = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD>(Fp)(FR)


                                  ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1.27 - 1.36 percent of installed fan cost.


                                   OPERATION COST

Fans require no operator attention.


                           PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                       DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                        (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                          0.05-0.091                      11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                    0.063-0.071                     14-16

Resins and Polymers                     0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                       0.056-0.091                     11-18

Pulp and Paper                          0.063-0.100                     10-16

Mining                                 0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                          75

-------
                                                                               FR-1

                                                                            FREEZER
FREEZER
                    1000000
                 U)

                 3
                 o
                 a
                 CM
                 01
                 to
                 o
                 o
                     100000
                 _1
                 <
                      10000
                         10000
                                                      100000


                                                FREEZER  (CUBIC FEET)
                                 1000000
                                                    REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                              Region

                                                 1
                                                 2
                                                 3
                                                 4
                                                 5
                                                 6
                                                 7
                                                 9
                                                10
                                                                         R
                       1.000
                       1.067
                       0.973
                         036
                         091
                         030
                         061
                         035
                         067
                                                                      1.031
                    TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENT
             V-50 40  -30
                             20  -10   0   KT
                           TEMPERATURE (°F)
                                     76
~20   33   40

-------
                                                                                     FR-2
                                                                                  FREEZER
Installed freezer cost includes purchased cost of freezer, refrigeration equipment,
structure, field erection by subcontractor, subcontractor overhead and profit, piping,
ductwork, indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED FREEZER COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fy) (FR)


                               ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 5 percent of installed freezer cost.


                                OPERATION COST

Freezers require no operator attention.


                        PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE


INDUSTRY GROUP                     DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                      (percent)                       (years)
Heavy Chemical                       0.056-0.083                     12-18

Oil and Gas Refining                 0.056-0.083                     12-18

Resins and Polymers                  O.OS6-0.083                     12-18

Food and Beverage                    0.056-0.083                     12-18

Pulp and Paper                       O.OS6-0.083                     12-18

Mining                               0.056-0.083                     12-18
                                        77

-------
                                                                                      FU-1

                                                                                   FURNACE
        FURNACE
                            1000000
                             100000
                              10000
                                                                                         100
                                                      DUTY (MM BTU/HOUR)
        DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
Type
Heater
Box
Pyrolysis
Reformer
Vertical
         Pressure (PSIG)
1.000
0.890
1.160
1.250
0.670
3000
1000
3000
3000
1000
    REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
      MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT
Region


  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
    Material

      cs
      ss
      Chrome-Moly
        M

      1.000
      1.264
      1.119
                                                                            1.000
                                                                            1.041
                                                                            0.989
                                                                              027
                                                                              053
                                                                              020
                                                                             ,044
                                                                              026
                                                                             ,043
                                                                            1.022
                                            78

-------
                                                                                     FU-2
                                                                                  FURNACE
Installed furnace cost includes purchased cost of furnace, field erection by sub-
contractor, blowers, motors and drivers, piping, concrete, instrumentation, electrical,
insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).


INSTALLED FURNACE COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD)(FM)(FR)


                               ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1.7 percent of installed furnace cost.


                                OPERATION COST

Furnaces require approximately 0.25 operators per shift.


                        PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION RATE               EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                       (years)
Heavy Chemical                       0.071-0.091                     11-14

Oil and Gas Refining                 0.063-0.071                     14-16

Resins and Polymers                  0.071-0.111                      9-14

Food and Beverage                    0.056-0.083                     12-18

Pulp and Paper                          0.063                          16

Mining                                  0.100                          10
                                       79

-------
                                                                                   GP-1

                                                                              GEAR  PUMP
  GEAR PUMP
                         100000
                      o
                      Q
                     OJ
                     1-^
                     CT1
                      O
                      O
                      m
                      Q
                          10000
                           1000
                                                          100

                                                  CAPACITY  (GPM)
                                                                  1000
    DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
Type
                      D
Canned Rotor        1.000
Mechanical Seal     1.351
 (Glass Lined CS only)
                                      REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

                                 Region                   FR
                                                       1
                                                       2
                                                       3
                                                       4
                                                       5
                                                       6
                                                       7
                                                       8
                                                       9
                                                      10
                                                       1.000
                                                       1.062
                                                       0.982
                                                       1.033
                                                        .073
                                                        .025
                                                        .055
                                                        .026
                                                        .064
                                                                          1.031
   MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT
Material            F,.
                     M
CS
ss
Bronze
0.000
0.175
0.287
                                         80

-------
                                                                                     GP-2
                                                                                GEAR PUMP
Installed gear pump cost includes purchased cost of gear pump, base plate, coupling,
motor and drive, handling and setting, piping, concrete, instrumentation, electrical,
insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).


INSTALLED GEAR PUMP COST.I = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD + FM)(FR)


                               ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1.5 - 4.6 percent of installed gear pump cost and
will depend upon cycle time, operating hours per year, fluid abrasiveness, temperature
and pressure.


                                OPERATION COST

Gear pumps require no operator attention.


                        PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                       0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                 0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                  0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                    0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                       0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                               0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                        81

-------
                                                                                   HAB-1

                                                                        HOT AIR BLANCHER
HOT AIR BLANCHER
                           100000
                                                           1000
                                                   CAPACITY (BTU/HOUR)
                                                                                      10000
                                                         REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                    Region

                                                      1
                                                      2
                                                      3
                                                      4
                                                      5
                                                      6
                                                      7
                                                      8
                                                      9
                                                     10
000
037
959
027
100
027
042
045
050
                                                                         1.019
                                          82

-------
                                                                                   HAB-2
                                                                        HOT AIR BLANCHER
Installed hot air blancher cost includes purchased cost of hot air blanching unit,
conveyor belt, driver, gas fired heater, blower, handling and setting, piping,
and ductwork, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and
indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED HOT AIR BLANCHER COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.32 to 6.85 percent of installed hot air blancher
cost and will be primarily dependent upon product characteristics and cycling.



                               OPERATION COST

Hot air blanchers require between O.OS and 0.25 operators per shift.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.050-0.071                    14-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                     83

-------
                                                                                       HE-1

                                                                             HEAT EXCHANGER
  HEAT EXCHANGER
                            1000000,	
                         o
                         Q
                             100000
                         <

                         Q
                                                             1000

                                                        AREA (SQUARE FEET)
                                                                                        10000
      DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
 Design Type
Fixed Tube Sheet
U-Tube Reboiler
Kettle Reboiler
Steam Coil Tank Heater
Jacketed Pipe
Thermascrew (Rietz) Single Screw
Shell and Tube Calandria
Spiral Plate
Thermascrew (Rietz) Twin Screw
Suction Heater
Spiral Tube
Plate Coil - Header Type
Plate Coil - Serpentine Type
Cascade Cooler
Drip Cooler
Fin Tube
Floating Head
U-Tube
Shell f, Tube
Waste Heat Boiler
                                    D
  000
  010
  350
  131
  561
  260
  470
  060
  170
0.638
0. 805
0.977
0.775
0.858
2.940
0.966
0.622
0. 542
1.000
2.180
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                F
 10
                       R
                       000
                       074
                     0.982
                       038
                       087
                       026
                       069
                       027
                       078
                     1.037
                                  PRESSURE  ADJUSTMENT
                              500
                                          1000        1500       1900

                                     PRESSURE  (PSIG)

-------
                                                                                     HE-2
                                                                           HEAT  EXCHANGER
Tube
Material
CS
SS304
SS304
SS316
Ni
Ni
Ti
Ti
Al
Al
Brass
Brass
Cu
Cu
Monel
Monel
Holy
Holy
Shell
Material
CS
CS
SS304
SS316
CS
Ni
CS
Ti
CS
Al
CS
Brass
CS
Cu
CS
Monel
CS
Moly
                               MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT
1000 ft

1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
]
1
1
1
1
2
2
FM
.00
.14
. 22
.34
.66
.01
. 71
.04
.04
.12
.30
.44
.38
.54
.53
.83
.31
.96
10000 ft"

1
1
1
1
1
3
L
3
1
1
1
1
1
J
2
o
L.
3
4
FM
.00
. 24
.43
.67
.82
.14
.62
.10
.18
. 22
.41
.93
. 66
. 93
.03
. 57
.02
.76
Installed heat exchanger cost includes purchased cost of heat exchanger, handling
and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical,  insulation,
paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor lengineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED HEAT EXCHANGER COST.S =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)  (Fp) (Fp) (FM> (FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from  1 to 2.3 percent of installed heat  exchanger cost
and will depend upon fouling characteristics of fluid, temperature   and pressure,  a?id
fluid velocity.
                               OPERATION COST

Heat exchangers require no operator attention.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                    DEPRECIATION RATt
                                      (percent)
Heavy Chemical

Oil and Gas Refining

Resins and Polymers

Eood and Beverage

Pulp and Paper

Mining
0.05-0.091

0.063-0.071

0.071-0.111

0.056-0.091

0.063-0.100

0.063-0.100
                             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                 (years)
11-20

14-16

 9-14

11-18

10-16

10-18
                                       85

-------
                                                                                       HE-3

                                                                        ELECTRICAL  HEATERS
ELECTRICAL HEATERS
                            100000
                       a:
                       <
                       o
                       a
                       CM
                       r--.
                       en
                       o
                       o
                       a
                       UJ
                             10000
                              1000
                                                             100

                                                       CAPACITY KW
                                                                                         1000
                                                            REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

                                                       Region                  F,n
                                                         1
                                                         2
                                                         3
                                                         4
                                                         5
                                                         6
                                                         7
                                                         8
                                                         9
                                                         10
1.000
1.073
0.978
  036
  083
  029
  071
  027
  074
                                                                             1.035
                                            86

-------
                                                                                    HE-4
                                                                      ELECTRICAL HEATERS
Installed electrical heater cost includes purchased cost of electrical heater, handling
and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint,
and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED ELECTRICAL HEATER COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1 to 3 percent of installed electrical heater cost.
                               OPERATION COST

Electrical heaters require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       87

-------
                                                                                  HO-1

                                                                                 HOIST
   HOIST
                        100000
    Q
                    o
                    o
                   CT1

                   &
                    <


                    Q
                         10000
                          1000
                                                                                    100
                                                  CAPACITY (TONS)
      DESIGN ADJUSTMENT


Type                  F
                       D
Hoist
Plain Trolly
Gear Trolly
No Trolly
1 Speed
5 Speed
1.000
0.115
0.325
0.089
0.510
0.634
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region                 FR
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
1.000
1.040
0.995
                                                                           .022
                                                                           ,040
                                                                           .036
                                                                           .026
                                                                           .017
                                                                           .031
                                                                          1.018
                                       88

-------
                                                                                     HO-2
                                                                                    HOIST
Installed hoist cost includes purchased cost of hoist, field erection, steel,
electrical, paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).


INSTALLED HOIST COST.S =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)(FR)


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1.28 percent of installed hoist cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Hoists require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       89

-------
                                                                                       HT-1

                                                                            HORIZONTAL  TANK
   HORIZONTAL TANK
                            1000000
                         o
                         Q
                             100000
                              10000
                                  1000
                                                             10000

                                                      CAPACITY (GALLONS)
                                                                                        100000
             DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
    Type
                       D
    Cylindrical      1.000
    Vacuum Receiver  1.000
    Jacketed Vacuum  2.830
       Receiver
                              Curve
           MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT
Material
 CS
 Al
 Ti
 Monel
 Ni
 Glass Lined CS
 Cu
 Moly
 SS304
 SS316
 A 204 CS
                                  rM
  000
  361
  449
  280
1.342
1.879
1.237
1.599
1.068
1.112
1.006
                              REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

                         Region                  F
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
                                                                                  R
                                                                               1.000
                                                                               1.062
                                                                               0.986
,032
,071
.026
.062
 026
,069
                    1.031
                      1.12


                      1.08


                      1.04


                      1.00
                            TEMPERATURE  ADJUSTMENT -
                 r
                                     500         1000

                                       TEMPERATURE (°p)
                                                             1500
                                             90

-------
                                                                                     HT-2
                                                                          HORIZONTAL TANK
 Installed horizontal  tank cost  includes purchased  cost  of horizontal  tank,  handling
 and setting, piping,  concrete,  instrumentation, electrical,  insulation, paint,  and
 indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED HORIZONTAL TANK COST/ $ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FM) (Fp) (F,.) (F  )  (f  ~)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.94  - 2.10 percent of installed horizontal tank
cost and will depend upon corrosiveness of fluid, temperature, and pressure.
                               OPERATION COST

Horizontal tanks require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE


INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.050-0.091                      11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                 0.045                            22

Resins and Polymers                  0.045                            22

Food and Beverage                    0.045                            22

Pulp and Paper                       0.045                            22

Mining                               0.045                            22
                                      91

-------
                                                                                   HU-1

                                                                           HEATING UNIT
HEATING UNIT
                        1000000
                     o
                     a
                     g   100000
                     a
                     UJ
                     _i
                     _i
                     <
                          10000
                              0.1
                                                           1.0


                                              CAPACITY  (MM BTU/HOUR)
                                                                                      10.0
                                                           REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                      Region

                                                        1
                                                        2
                                                        3
                                                        4
                                                        5
                                                        6
                                                        7
                                                        9
                                                       10
 ,000
 ,044
0.979
  030
  069
  015
  051
  034
1-QS1
1.024

-------
                                                                                    HU-2
                                                                            HEATING UNIT
Installed heating unit cost includes purchased cost of heating unit, accessories,
field erection by subcontractor, subcontractor's overhead and profit, piping,
concrete, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs
(prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED HEATING UNIT COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                                                       K


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 2.6 - 2.9 percent of installed heating unit cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Heating units require approximately 0.25 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.071-0.091                 11-14

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                 14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                  9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.083                 12-18

Pulp and Paper                         0.063                      16

Mining                                 0.100                      10
                                       93

-------
                                                                                    1-1

                                                                            INCINERATOR
INCINERATOR
                       1000000
    I
 CO
 ce.
 3
 _i
 o
 a
CM
CT1
                    S   100000
                    o
                    co
                    S
                         10000
                             100
                                                         1000


                                                 CAPACITY  (LBS/HOUR)
                                                                                    10000
                                                         REGIONAL  ADJUSTMENT
                                                    Region


                                                       1
                                                       2
                                                       3
                                                       4
                                                       5
                                                       6
                                                       7
                                                       8
                                                       9
                                                      10
                                                         .000
                                                         ,005
                                                        0.923
                                                          033
                                                          569
                                                         ,043
                                                         ,055
                                                         .082
                                                          056
                                                        1.014
                                        94

-------
                                                                                      1-2
                                                                              INCINERATOR
Installed incinerator cost includes purchased cost of incinerator, field erection,
piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, insulation, paint, and indirect costs
(prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED INCINERATOR COST.$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COSl)(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1.4 percent of installed incinerator cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Incinerators require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                        (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       95

-------
                                                                                        IVS-1

                                                                    IMPRESSED VOLTAGE SYSTEM
IMPRESSED VOLTAGE SYSTEM
                               100000
                           o
                           Q
O
U
LLJ
CO
<
oa
                                10000 -
                                 1000
                                    100
                                                               1000

                                                          CAPACITY  (GALLONS)
                                                                                           10000
                                                                 REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                            Region


                                                              1
                                                              2
                                                              3
                                                              4
                                                              5
                                                              6
                                                              7
                                                              8
                                                              9
                                                              10
                                                         R
                                                      1.000
                                                      1.062
                                                      0.986
                                                      0.992
                                                      1.326
                                                      0.966
                                                      1.273
                                                      1.073
                                                      1.219
                                                      1.082
                                               96

-------
                                                                                    IVS-2
                                                                 IMPRESSED VOLTAGE  SYSTEM
Installed impressed voltage system cost includes purchased cost of tank, anodes,
rectifier, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation,
electrical, paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and con-
struction overhead).
 INSTALLED  IMPRESSED VOLTAGE SYSTEM COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD)
                                                                   K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE


Annual maintenance will be approximately 1 to 3 percent of installed impressed voltage
system cost.
                               OPERATION COST


Impressed voltage systems require no operator attention.



                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.050-0.091                    11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                  0.045                         22

Resins and Polymers                   0.045                         22

Food and Beverage                     0.045                         22

Pulp and Paper                        0.045                         22

Mining                                0.045                         22
                                       97

-------
                                                                                       IE-1

                                                                           '   ION EXCHANGER
    ION EXCHANGER
                            1000000
                        to
                        cr
                        o
                        Q
                       .CXI
                        en
                            100000
                        03
                        a
                        _l
                        <
                             10000
            DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
    Type
Anion
Hydrogen Cation
Sodium Cation
1.000
0.776
0.435
                                                              100

                                                      CAPACITY  (CUBIC  FEET)
                                                             1000
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                 F
                                                                                R
                                                                             1.000
                                                                             1.066
                                                                             0.980
                                                                             1.041
                                                                              .083
                                                                              .029
                                                                              .073
                                                                              .031
                                                                              .074
                                                                             1.034
                                             98

-------
                                                                                     IE-2
                                                                            ION EXCHANGER
Installed ion exchanger cost includes purchased cost of ion exchanger, auxiliaries,
ion exchange resin, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation,
electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering
and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED ION EXCHANGER COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fp)(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 3 percent of installed ion exchanger cost
and will depend upon cycle time, and fluid characteristics, packing, loading,
temperature and pressure.


                               OPERATION COST

Ion exchangers require between 0 and 0.25 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE              EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                       (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.071-0.091                    11-14

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                 .    9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0-100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       99

-------
                                                                                   K-l

                                                                               KNEADER
  KNEADER
                       1000000
                   I/I
                   ce
                   3
                   _i
                   o
                   Q
                   CS1
                   O1
                   o   100000
                   o
                         10000
                             10
                                     100

                            CAPACITY (GALLONS)
                                                                1000
     DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
Type

Stationary
Tilting
Vacuum Tilting
   D
 1.000
 1.328
 1.764
   MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT
Material             Fv
CS
SS304
SS316
Monel
0.000
0.402
0.625
0.802
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region


  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
  10
                                                       1.000
                                                       1.034
                                                       0.942
                                                       1.033
                                                       1.113
                                                       1.035
                                                       1.048
                                                       1.058
                                                        .059
                                                                            1.019
                                        100

-------
                                                                                     K-2
                                                                                 KNEADER
Installed Kneade^cost includes purchased cost of kneader, motor and drive, accessories,
handling and setting, piping, concrete, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and indirect
costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED KNEADER COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD +
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 3 percent of installed kneader cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Kneaders require approximately 0.5 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                         0.091                         11

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                   14-16

Resins and Polymers                    0.071                         14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                   11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                   10-16

Mining                              0.056-0.100                   10-18
                                       101

-------
                                                                                    LS-1

                                                                           LAGOON SYSTEM
LAGOON SYSTEM
                          1000000
                       in
                       8   100000
                            10000
                                0.1
                                                            1.0


                                                    DESIGN FLOW (MGD>
         10.0
                                                            REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                    Region

                                                      1
                                                      2
                                                      3
                                                      4
                                                      5
                                                      6
                                                      7
                                                      8
                                                      9
                                                     10
1.000
1.427
0.913
 .132
 .416
 .133
 .353
 .120
 .060
                                                                              1.179
                                          102

-------
                                                                                     LS-2
                                                                           LAGOON SYSTEM
 Installed lagoon system cost includes excovation, aerators, piping, steel, electrical,
 paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED LAGOON SYSTEM COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                                                        K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE
Annual maintenance will be approximately 3.89 percent of installed lagoon system.
                               OPERATION COST
Lagoon systems require no operator attention.

                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE
INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                      (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                         0.040                        25
Oil and Gas Refining                   0.040                        25
Resins and Polymers                    0.040                        25
Food and Beverage                      0.040                        25
Pulp and Paper                         0.040                        25
Mining                                 0.040                        25
                                       103

-------
      MILL
                                                      DRIVER POWER (HP)
                                                            100
                                                              H-l

                                                             MILL

                                                               1000
                          1000000
                       o
                       Q
                      csi
                      r^,
                      01
                       o
                       u
                       Q
                       LU
                       _l
                       _l
                       <
                           100000
                            10000
                                 10
                                                            100
                                                   CAPACITY (TONS/DAY)
                                                                                        1000
   Type
             DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

                      Curve       F
                                   D
Ball
Ball
Attrition
Swing Hammer
Mikro Pulverizer
Roller
Hammer
A
B
A
A
A
A
B
1.000
1.000
0.229
0.388
1.331
1.174
                                                            REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
         0.707
Region

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
                                                         9
                                                        10
1.000
1.021
0.935
1.028
1.126
1.035
1.046
1.056
                                                    I'.i
                                           104

-------
                                                                                     M-2
                                                                                    HILL
Installed mill cost includes purchased cost of mill, accessories, motor and drive,
handling and setting, piping, concrete, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and
indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED MILL COST.$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 6.1 - 6.5 percent of installed mill cost and will
depend upon material abrasiveness and process thruput.


                               OPERATION COST

Mills require between 0.25 and 0.50 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (Percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                      IDS

-------
                                                                                   X-l
   MIXER
                                                    DRIVER POWER (HP)
                                                         100
                                              MIXER

                                                  1000
                       1000000
                        100000
                         19000
                                                                                    100
                                              CAPACITY (CUBIC FEET)
        DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

                    Curve
Type

Sigma
Fixed Propeller
Extruder
Muller Extruder
Spiral Ribbon
Two-Roll
Portable Propeller
Pan
1.000
1.000
1.000
0.694
1.000
0.660
0.185
2.372
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                 Fr
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
000
037
941
034
129
034
047
057
063
                                                                          1.021
                                       106

-------
                                                                                    MX-2
                                                                                   MIXER
Installed mixer cost includes purchased cost of mixer, motor and drive, accessories,
handling and setting, piping, concrete, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and
indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED MIXER COST.$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)  (Fp) (FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE
Annual maintenance will vary from 1.33 - 1.36 percent of installed mixer cost.

                               OPERATION COST
Mixers require between 0.1 and 0.5 operators per shift.

                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE
INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20
Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16
Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14
Food and Beverage                   O.OS6-0.091                    11-18
Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16
Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       107

-------
                                                                                    p-1

                                                                                   PUMP
    PUMP
                         100000
                                                     CAPACITY (GPM)
                                                          10
                                                                                      100
                    C/5
                    CtL
                    3
                    _i
                    o
                    a
                    CSJ
                    CT)
                    CO
                    o
                    CJ
                    cq
                    a
                         10000
                          1000
                                                                                      100
     DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

Type             Curve
Simplex
Duplex
Triplex
Diaphragm
Slurry
Rotary
Gear
                              D
  000
  298
  960
  000
  104
0.466
0.590
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                 Fp
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
  10
000
064
978
034
076
027
066
029
067
                                                                            1.033
                                         108

-------
                                                                                      P-2
                                                                                    PUMP
Installed pump cost includes purchased cost of pump, motor and drive, base plate,
coupling, handling and setting, piping, concrete, instrumentation, electrical,
insulation, paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).
INSTALLED PUMP COST.$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fp) (FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from O.SS8 - 2.11 percent of installed pump cost and will
depend upon fluid velocity, temperature, pressure and fluid corrosive characteristics.

                               OPERATION COST

Pumps require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       109

-------
                                                                                   PKG-1

                                                                       PACKAGING MACHINE
PACKAGING MACHINE
  I
100K
                      CO
                      a:
                      3
                      _i
                      o
                      a
                       o
                       o
                              10K
                                                                                       100
                                             BAGGING RATE (BAGS/MINUTE)
              DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
         Type                FD
      Bagging Machine       1.00
      -Bagged by volume
      Bagging Machine       3.23
      -Bagged by weight
                               REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

                          Region                 Fn
                                                         1
                                                         2
                                                         3
                                                         4
                                                         5
                                                         6
                                                         7
                                                         8
                                                         9
                                                        10
                                                 ,000
                                                 .026
                                                 ,938
                                                 .029
                                                1.135
                                                 ,035
                                                 ,048
                                                 .058
                                                  058
                                                1.016
                                           110

-------
                                                                                    PKG-2
                                                                       PACKAGING MACHINE
Installed packaging machine cost includes purchased cost of packaging machine,
accessories, motor and drive, handling and setting, piping  and ductwork, concrete,
steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime
contractor engineering and construction overhead].
 INSTALLED PACKAGING MACHINE COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fn)(FD)
                                                            1J   K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 2.4  - 2.6 percent of installed packaging machine
cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Packaging machines require between 0.5 and 1.0 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE          EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                    (years]
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       111

-------
                                                                                PR-1

                                                                               PRESS
PRESS
                     1000000
                 o
                 Q
                 CNJ
                 r^.
                 en
                      100000
                  a
                  LLJ
                  _1
                  _1
                  <
                      10000
                                                                                    100
                                              AREA (SQUARE FEET)
                                                        REGIONAL  ADJUSTMENT

                                                   Region                  FR
                                                     1
                                                     2
                                                     3
                                                     4
                                                     5
                                                     6
                                                     7
                                                     8
                                                     9
                                                     10
1.000
0.988
0.896
 .027
 .185
 .045
 .048
 .088
 .039
1.005
           1.0
             100
                                                          1900

-------
                                                                                     PR-2
                                                                                    PRESS
 Installed  press  cost  includes  purchased  cost  of  press,  setting  and  handling,  piping,
 concrete,  instrumentation,  electrical, paint,  and  indirect  costs  (prime  contractor
 engineering  and  construction overhead).
 INSTALLED  PRESS  COST*$  a (INSTALLED  BASE  COST)  (Fp)(FR)
                             ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

 Annual  maintenance  will  be  approximately  2.5  percent  of  installed press.


                              OPERATION  COST

 Presses require  "between  0.125 and  0.25  operators  per  shift.



                      PROBABLE ANNUAL  DEPRECIATION RATE
INDUSTRY GROUP                DEPRECIATION RATE                EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                 (percent)                          (years)
Heavy Chemical                   0.05-0.091                        11-20

Oil and Gas Refining             0.063-0.071                       14-16

Resins and Polymers              0,071-0.111                        9-14

Food and Beverage                0.056-0.091                       11-18

Pulp and Paper                   0.063-0.100                       10-16

Mining                           0.063-0.100                       10-18
                                       113

-------
                                                                                      R-l

                                                                                  REACTOR
     REACTOR
                          1000000
                       C/5
                       tYL
                       o
                       a
                       g   100000
                       <
                       co
                            10000
                                                          LOW PRESSURE FLUIDIZED
                                                          BED REACTOR
                                                             10
                                                      DIAMETER  (FEET)
                                                                                         100
   DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

Type               F
                    D
One Stage
Two Stage
1.000
2.358
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                 Fp
                                                          1
                                                          2
                                                          3
                                                          4
                                                          5
                                                          6
                                                          7
                                                          8
                                                          9
                                                         10
                                                             000
                                                             061
                                                            ,984
                                                            ,032
                                                            .073
                                                            .024
                                                            .062
                                                            .024
                                                             065
                                                           1.031
                                          114

-------
                                                                                     R-2
                                                                                 REACTOR
Installed reactor cost includes purchased cost of reactor, auxiliaries, handling and
setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint,
and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED REACTOR COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fn) (FD)
                                                  I)   K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 2.47 percent of installed reactor cost.



                               OPERATION COST

Reactors require approximately 0.25 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE


INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE             EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                       (years)
Heavy Chemical                       .050-0.091                   11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                   14-16

Resins and Polymers                    0.071                       14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                   11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                   10-16

Mining                              0.056-0.100                   10-18
                                       115

-------
                                                                                    RD-1

                                                                           ROTARY DRYER
ROTARY DRYER
                        1000000
                     CO
                     ce
                     3
                     _i
                     o
                     a
                     CNI
                     en
                          100000
                           10000
                                                           100

                                                  AREA (SQUARE  FEET)
                                                                                      1000
      DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
 Type
 Direct Gas Heating
 Indirect Gas Heating
 Vacuum
 Jacketed Vacuum
1.000
1.380
4.192
5.870
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
                                                                              R
                                                                           1.000
                                                                           1.059
                                                                           0.957
                                                                           1.045
                                                                           1.123
                                                                             ,040
                                                                             ,074
                                                                             .058
                                                                             074
                                                                           1.035
                                         116

-------
                                                                                    RD-2
                                                                            ROTARY DRYER
Installed rotary dryer cost includes purchased cost of rotary dryer, motor and drive,
accessories, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical,
paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).



INSTALLED ROTARY DRYER COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fn)(FD)
                                                        U    K


                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 2.13 - 2.24 percent of installed dryer cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Rotary dryers require between 0.2 and 0.5 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                   (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       117

-------
                                                                                       ROS-1

                                                                      REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
                              10000
                         O
                         Q
                         CXI
                         rv,
                         en
                               1000
                                100
                                   0.1
                                                              1.0
                                                                                          10.0
              DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
                                                        CAPACITY (GPM)
          Type

     Hollow Fine Fiber
     Spiral Wound
     Tubular
 D
1.000
1.390
1.615
                                                               REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                          Region


                                                            1
                                                            2
                                                            3
                                                            4
                                                            5
                                                            6
                                                            7
                                                            8
                                                            9
                                                           10
                                                  000
                                                  07?
                                                0.978
                                                  036
                                                  083
                                                  029
                                                  071
                                                  027
                                                  074
                                                1.035
                                             118

-------
                                                                                    ROS-2
                                                                   REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
 Installed reverse osmosis module cost includes purchased cost of reverse osmosis
 module, membrane, membrane installation, handling and setting, piping, concrete,
 instrumentation, paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and
 construction overhead).
 INSTALLED REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM COST, $ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fp)(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary considerably depending upon application and membrane
life.  Average annual maintenance can be estimated to be approximately 10 percent
of installed reverse osmosis module cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Reverse osmosis system  require no operator attention.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                   (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.050-0.091                    11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                  0.045                         22

Resins and Polymers                   0.045                         22

Food and Beverage                     0.045                         22

Pulp and Paper                        0.045                         22

Mining                                0.045                         22
                                       119

-------
                                                                                   RTC-1



                                                                       RAILROAD TANK CAR
 RAILROAD TANK CAR
                           100000
                       CO
                       ac.
                       o
                       o
                       o
                       u
                            10000
on
                      . 0°

                       Q
                       _1

                       <
                             1000
                                1000
                                                           10000


                                                   CAPACITY (GALLONS)
                                                                                      100000
                                           120

-------
                                                                                   RTC-2
                                                                       RAILROAD TANK CAR
Installed railroad tank car cost includes purchased cost of railroad rank car and
delivery.
 INSTALLED RAILROAD TANK CAR COST,$ =   INSTALLED BASE COST
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 4.9 percent of installed railroad tank car
cost.
                               OPERATION COST

Railroad tank cars require no operator attention.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE
                                     (percent)
Heavy Chemical

Oil and Gas Refining

Resins and Polymers

Food and Beverage

Pulp and Paper

Mining
O.OSO-0.091

   0.045

   0.045

   0.045

   0.045

   0.045
EXPECTED LIFETIME
    (years)


    11-20

      22

      22

      22

      22

      22
                                       121

-------
                                                                                      J-l
                                                                       REFRIGERATION UNIT
REFRIGERATION UNIT
                           1000000
                       cc
                       3
                       _l
                       o
                       O
                       CM
                       01
                       CO

                       Q
                            100000
                             10000
                                                                                        100
      DESIGN  ADJUSTMENT

 Type      Temperature   F
 Mechanical   0UF
 Steam Jet    60°F
                         D
1.000
0.836
                                                      CAPACITY (TONS)
                                                            REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                       Region


                                                         1
                                                         2
                                                         3
                                                         4
                                                         5
                                                         6
                                                         7
                                                         9
                                                        10
                                                       .000
                                                       .067
                                                     0.973
                                                       ,036
                                                       .091
                                                       .030
                                                       .061
                                                       .035
                                                       .067
                                                      1.031
                                    TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENT
                                	 (MECHANICAL ONLY)
                    -80 -60  -40  -20
                                             20
                                                  40
                                                       60
                                                            80  100
                                    TEMPERATURE
                                         °F
                                           122

-------
                                                                                    RU-2
                                                                      REFRIGERATION UNIT
 Installed refrigeration unit cost includes purchased cost of refrigeration unit,
 auxiliaries, field erection and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and
 construction overhead).
 INSTALLED REFRIGERATION UNIT COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)  (FD)(FjMFR)



                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 5 percent of installed refrigeration unit
cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Refrigeration units require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE


INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.071-0.091                   11-14

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.0                     14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                    9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.091                   11-18

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                   10-16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                   10-18
                                      123

-------
                                                                                       SCS-1

                                                                 SUBMERGED  COMBUSTION  SYSTEM
SUBMERGED COMBUSTION SYSTEM
100000
10000
10






























































































































































/














>
/
r













s
/













J
/















r—



-
















































































00 10000 100000
                                                        CAPACITY (M BTU/HR)
                                                             REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                        Region                  F~
                                                          1
                                                          2
                                                          3
                                                          4
                                                          5
                                                          6
                                                          7
                                                          8
                                                          9
                                                         10
1.000
1.074
0.979
  036
  079
 .027
1.071
  026
  ,069
1.036
                                              124

-------
                                                                                   SCS-2
                                                             SUBMERGED COMBUSTION SYSTEM
Installed submerged combustion system cost includes purchased cost of evaporator,
blower, drives, heating unit, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel,
instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor
engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED SUBMERGED COMBUSTION SYSTEM COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.2 to 6 percent of installed submerged combustion
system cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Submerged combustion systems require between 0.125 and 1.0 operators per shift.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                         0.091                         11

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                     14-16

Resins and Polymers                    0.071                         14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.083                     12-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                     10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                     10-18
                                      125

-------
                                                                                       SS-1

                                                                       SEDIMENTATION SYSTEM
SEDIMENTATION SYSTEM
                           1000000
                        o
                        o
                        CN
                        r-^
                        en
                        CO
                        o
                            100000
                        i*
                        CO
                             10000
                                 1.0
                                                             10.0
                                                                                        100.0
                                                        CAPACITY  (MGD)
                                                              REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                       Region                     FR
                                                         1
                                                         2
                                                         3
                                                         4
                                                         5
                                                         6
                                                         7
                                                         8
                                                         9
                                                        10
  000
  045
0.947
1.043
1.133
  041
  066
  065
  067
                                                                                1.029
                                            126

-------
                                                                                    SS-2
                                                                    SEDIMENTATION SYSTEM
Installed sedimentation system cost includes purchased cost of tanks, pumps, notors
and drives,  piping, concrete, structural steel, instrumentation,  electrical, paint,
and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).


INSTALLED SEDIMENTATION SYSTEM COST, $ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FJ
                                                                 K
                             ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

 Annual maintenance will be approximately 5-16 percent of installed sedimentation
 system cost.
                              OPERATION COST

 Sedimentation systems require no operator attention.
                      PROBABLE DEPRECIATION RATE


 INDUSTRY GROUP                  DEPRECIATION RATE              EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                        (years)
 Heavy Chemical                    0.016-0.040                       25-60

 Oil and Gas Refining              0.016-0.040                       25-60

 Resins and Polymers               0.016-0.040                       25-60

 Food and Beverage                 0.016-0.040                       25-60

 Pulp and Paper                    0.016-0.040                       25-60

 Mining                            0.016-0.040                       25-60
                                      127

-------
                                                                              STK-1

                                                                              STACK
STACK
                      100000
                  o
                  a
                 CNl
                 t\
                 CD
                  to
                  O
                       10000
                        1000
                           10
                                                      100

                                                   HEIGHT (FEET)
                                                                                  1000
 DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

Diameter          F
 (inches)
  D
    24
    36
    48
1.000
2.220
2.970
REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                               Region

                                                  1
                                                  2
                                                  3
                                                  4
                                                  5
                                                  6
                                                  7
                                                  8
                                                  9
                                                 10
                                                       000
                                                       061
                                                     0.984
                                                       032
                                                       073
                                                       024
                                                       062
                                                       024
                                                       065
                                                                       1.031
                                     128

-------
                                                                                  STK-2
                                                                                  STACK
Installed stack cost includes purchased cost of stack, handling and setting, piping
and duckwork, concrete, steel, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime
contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED STACK COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fn)(F0)
                                                 v   K
                            ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.2 to 1 percent of installed stack cost.


                             OPERATION COST

Stacks require no operator attention.


                     PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE


INDUSTRY GROUP                 DEPRECIATION RATE              EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                  (percent)                       (years)
Heavy Chemical                    0.050-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                 0.045                          22

Resins and  Polymers                 0.045                          22

Food and Beverage                    0.045                          22

Pulp and  Paper                      0.045                          22

Mining                               0.045                          22
                                     129

-------
                                                                                  T-l

                                                                            THICKENER
THICKENER
                      1000000
                   o
                   Q
                  csi
                  r-^
                  en
                       100000
                        10000
                                                         100


                                                  DIAMETER  (FEET)
                                                                                    1000
                                                       REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                              Region

                                                 1
                                                 2
                                                 3
                                                 4
                                                 5
                                                 6
                                                 7
                                                 8
                                                 9
                                                10
  R

 .000
 .061
 .984
1.032
  0/3
  024
  062
  024
  065
1.031
                                       130

-------
                                                                                     T-2
                                                                               THICKENER
Installed thickener cost includes purchased cost of thickener, erection, site
preparation, pumps, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical,
paint, and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).
INSTALLED THICKENER COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                                                    K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1 percent of installed thickener cost.




                               OPERATION COST

Thickeners require no operator attention.




                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.016-0.040                   25-60

Oil and Gas Refining                0.016-0.040                   25-60

Resins and Polymers                 0.016-0.040                   25-60

Food and Beverage                   0.016-0.040                   25-60

Pulp and Paper                      0.016-0.040                   25-60

Mining                              0.016-0.040                   25-60
                                       131

-------
                                                                                    TF-1

                                                                        TRICKLING FILTER
TRICKLING FILTER
                         10000000
                            100000
                                 100
    1000

CAPACITY (GPM)
                                                                                       10000
                                                             REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                         Eegion

                                                           1
                                                           2
                                                           3
                                                           4
                                                           5
                                                           6
                                                           7
                                                           8
                                                           9
                                                          10
                       R
                     1.000
                     1.045
                     0.947
                       043
                       133
                       041
                       066
                       065
                       067
                                                                             1.029
                                           132

-------
                                                                                   TF-2
                                                                       TRICKLING FILTER
Installed trickling filter cost includes purchased cost of  mechanism, notor and drive,
rock packing, setting packing, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, insulation,
paint and indirect costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
 INSTALLED TRICKLING FILTER COST,$ - (INSTALLED BASE COST)  (FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 3.3 percent of the installed trickling filter
cost.
                               OPERATION COST

Trickling filters require no operator attention.





                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.025-0.050                 20-40

Oil and Gas Refining               0.025-0.050                 20-40

Resins and Polymers                0.025-0.050                 20-40

Food and Beverage                  0.025-0.050                 20-40

Pulp and Paper                     0.025-0.050                 20-40

Municipal Usage                    0.025-0.050                 20-40
                                      133

-------
                                                                                 TW-1

                                                                           TRAY TOWER
   TOWER
                       1000000
                    _
                    o
                    Q
                   CN1
                   fv
                   en
                    <
                    ea
                        100000
                         10000
      DESIGN ADJUSTMENT
Type

Bubble Cap
Koch Kascade
Plate Tray
Sieve Tray
Turbo Grid
Valve Tray
  D
1.000
1.243
0.852
0.874
0.855
0.911
     MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT

Material               F
                        M
CS
SS304
SS316
SS347
Ni
Cu
Brass
A 515 CS
Monel
Moly
Ti
  000
  300
  503
  578
  579
6.056
5.102
0.991
2.419
4.193
                                                         100


                                                DIAMETER (INCHES)
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
Region


  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
1.000
1.062
0.977
1.035
1.080
1.026
1.064
1.028
1.071
1.028
                                                                                    1000
5.052
        500         1000

             PRESSURE
                                1500
                                        1800
                                        134
                                                        TEMPERATURE  ADJUSTMENT
                                                  1.00
                                           500         1000

                                             TEMPERATURE (°p)
                                                                                          1500

-------
                                                                                    TW-2
                                                                             TRAY  TOWER
Installed tray tower cost includes purchased cost of tray tower, trays, handling  and
setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and  indirect
costs  (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED TRAY TOWER COST,$ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST") (Fp) (FD) (FM) (FR) (F-,.)



                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 7.35 - 10.71 percent of installed tray tower  cost
and will depend upon temperature, pressure, fluid corrosivity and fluid velocity.


                               OPERATION COST

Tray towers require approximately 0.25 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.071-0.091                    11-14

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                    0.071                         14

Food and Beverage                   0.056- .083                    12-18

Pulp and Paper                         0.063                         16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                      135

-------
                                                                                    TW-3

                                                                          COOLING TOWERS
COOLING TOWERS
                          1000000
            C
                           100000 -
                            10000
                                 1000
                                                           10000
                                                      CAPACITY (GPM)
                                                                                     100000
                                                             REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                           Region              F
                                                             1
                                                             2
                                                             3
                                                             4
                                                             5
                                                             6
                                                             7
                                                             8
                                                             9
                                                            10
  000
  061
0.984
1.052
1.073
  024
  062
  024
  065
                                                                              1.031
                                           136

-------
                                                                                    TVH
                                                                          COOLING TOWERS
Installed cooling tower cost includes purchased cost of cooling tower, basin,
handling and setting, piping, concrete foundations and footings, instrumentation,
paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead],
 INSTALLED COOLING TOWER COST, $ =  (INSTALLED BASE COST)  (FD)
                                                          K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 3 percent of installed cooling tower cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Cooling towers require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE          EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.071-0.091                   11-14

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                   14-16

Resins and Polymers                  0.071                         14

Food and Beverage                  0.056- .083                   12-18

Pulp and Paper                       0.063                         16

Mining                             0.063-0.100                   10-18
                                     137

-------
                                                                                         TW-5

                                                                                PACKED COLUMN
      PACKED  COLUMN
                               1000000
                           CNI
                           "-»
                           CT1
                                100000
                                 10000
                                                                 100


                                                          DIAMETER (INCHES)
                                                                                            1000
              MATERIAL ADJUSTMENT

          Material               F.
        CS
        SS304
        SS347
        Ni
        Ti
        Cu
        Al
        A 515 CS
        A 204 CS
                                  M
1.000
1.042
1.060
1.801
2.420
3.365
3.339
1.007
1.064
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                 Fn
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
                       000
                       .076
                       ,073
                       ,043
                       ,097
                       .034
                       .042
                       .036
                       079
                                                                                1.037
4-° \— PRESSURE ADJUSTMENT
               500
                           1000
                                       1500   180
                                               138
                         1.12
                                                         1.08
                                                         1.00
                              - TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENT
                                         500          1000

                                          TEMPERATURE  (°F)
                                                                                                 1500

-------
            PACKING TYPE
                                                                                   TW-6
                                                                          PACKED COLUMN
Activated carbon
Alumina
Calcium chloride
Coke
Crushed limestone

Resin
Silica gel
0.5 inch diameter berl saddles, stoneware
.75 inch diameter berl saddles, stoneware
1.0 inch diameter berl saddles, stoneware

1.5 inch diameter berl saddles, stoneware
0.5 inch diameter berl saddles, porcelain
.75 inch diameter berl saddles, porcelain
1.0 inch diameter berl saddles, porcelain
1.5 inch diameter berl saddles, porcelain

0.5 inch diameter berl saddles, steel
.75 inch diameter berl saddles, steel
1.0 inch diameter berl saddles, steel
1.5 inch diameter berl saddles, steel
0.5 inch diameter berl saddles, stainless steel
.75 inch diameter berl saddles, stainless steel
1.0 inch diameter berl saddles, stainless steel
1.5 inch diameter berl saddles,
0.5 inch diameter berl saddles,
stainless steel
karbate
.75 inch diameter berl saddles, karbate

1.0 inch diameter berl saddles, karbate
1.5 inch diameter berl saddles, karbate
0.5 inch diameter intalox saddles, ceramic
1.0 inch diameter intalox saddles, ceramic
1.5 inch diameter intalox saddles, ceramic

2.0 inch diameter intalox saddles, ceramic
1.0 inch diameter pall rings,  ceramic
0.5 inch diameter pall rings,  polypropylene
1.0 inch diameter pall rings,  polypropylene
1.5 inch diameter pall rings,  polypropylene

2.0 inch diameter pall rings,  polypropylene
0.5 inch diameter pall rings,  stainless steel
1.0 inch diameter pall rings,  stainless steel
1.5 inch diameter pall rings,  stainless steel
2.0 inch diameter pall rings,  stainless steel
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
3
.0
.5
.0
.5
.0
.0
.0
.5
.0
.0
.0
.5
.0
.0
.0
.5
.0
.0
.0
.5
.0
.0
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
inch
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
diameter
Tellerettes H.D.
Tellerettes L.D.
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rashig
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings,
rings ,
polyethylene 1
polyethylene 1
carbon
carbon
stoneware
stoneware
stoneware
stoneware
porcelain
porcelain
porcelain
porcelain
stainless
stainless
stainless
stainless
karbate
karbate
karbate
karbate
steel
steel
steel
steel
inch
inch










steel
steel
steel
steel










 16.40
 15.10
  4.11
  2.05
  4.11

 93.10
 34.20
 32.80
 21.90
 13.10

  9.85
 39.40
 26.30
 15.80
 11.80

 65.70
 43.80
 26.30
 19.70
 82.10

 54.70
 32.80
 24.60
328.00
219.00

131.00
 98.50
 33.40
 13.30
 10.20

 10.40
 71.00
 58.20
 36.90
 29.50

 26.30
 26.50
 13.60
 11.80
  9.80

 26.40
 26.10
  6.30
  5.06
  4.38

  3.70
  7.56
  6.08
  5.26

  4.43
 15.70
 12.70
 10.90
  9.24

 63.00
 50.60
 43.80
 37.00
 12.60

 10.10
  8.76
  7.39
 26.30
 22.70
                                       139

-------
                                                                                    TW-7
                                                                           PACKED COLUMN
Installed packed column cost includes purchased cost of packed column less packing
and packing installation, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel, instrumenta-
tion, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering
and construction overhead).


                                                                               /PACKINGS

INSTALLED PACKED COLUMN COST,$ => (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FM) (Fp) (FJ (F-,.) + (FK) ( ^LUME  ]
                                                                               \ CUBIC   /
                                                                               VFEET  J

                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 3.60 - 3.97 percent of installed packed column cost
and will depend upon fluid corrosivity, temperature, pressure, and fluid velocity.


                               OPERATION COST

Packed columns require approximately 0.25 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.071-0.091                    11-14

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                   0.071                          14

Food and Beverage                   0.056- .083                    12-18

Pulp and Paper                        0.063                          16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       140

-------
                                                                                       US-1

                                                                     ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM
ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM
                               10000
                         o
                         a
                         O
                         O
                         s
                         a
                         UJ
                         i*
                         to
                                1000
                                                               1.0

                                                          CAPACITY  (GPM)
                                                                                         10.0
                                                               REGIONAL  ADJUSTMENT

                                                         Region                  Fp
                                                                               1.000
                                                                               1.064
                                                                               0.978
                                                                                 034
                                                                                 076
                                                                                 027
                                                                                 066
                                                                                 029
                                                                                 067
                                                                               1.033
                                             141

-------
                                                                                    US-2
                                                                  ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM
Installed ultrafiltration system cost includes purchased cost of membrane modules,
membranes, pressurization pump, recirculation pump, handling and setting, piping,
concrete, steel, instrumentation, electrical, paint, and indirect costs  (prime
contractor engineering and construction overhead) .
 INSTALLED ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FD)
                                                                 K



                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1 to 3 percent of installed ultrafiltration
 system cost.


                               OPERATION COST

 Ultrafiltration systems require no operator attention.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.050-0.091                    11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                   0.045                         22

Resins and Polymers                    0.04S                         22

Food and Beverage                      0.045                         22

Pulp and Paper                         0.045                         22

Mining                                 0.045                         22
                                       142

-------
                                                                                  VP-1

                                                                           VACUUM PUMP
VACUUM PUMP
                        100000
                    CNJ
                    l\
                    en
                          10000
                           1000
                              10
                                                         100

                                                  CAPACITY  (CFM)
                                                                                    1000
                                                          REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                     Region                 F
                                                       9
                                                      10
                                                                             R
                                                                          1.000
                                                                          1.073
                                                                          0.979
                                                                          1.038
                                                                          1.084
                                                                            025
                                                                            062
                                                                            039
                                                                            069
                                                                          1.031
                                        143

-------
                                                                                    VP-2
                                                                             VACUUM PUMP
Installed vacuum pump cost includes purchased cost of vacuum pump, motor and drive,
handling and setting, piping, concrete, instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint,
and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction overhead].
INSTALLED VACUUM PUMP COST-S = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 0.75 percent of the installed vacuum pump
cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Vacuum pumps require no operator attention.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE


INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.05-0.091                      11-20

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                     14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                      9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.091                     11-18

Pulp and Paper                     0.063-0.100                     10-16

                                   0.063-0.100                     10-18
                                       144

-------
                                                                                    VS-1

                                                                        VIBRATING SCREEN
VIBRATING SCREEN
                           100000 r—
                           10000
                             1000
                                                                                       100
                                                 AREA  (SQUARE FEET)
      DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

   Type                F
                       D
   Single Deck
   Two Deck
   Three Deck
1.000
1.192
1.436
     REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT

Region                 Fn
                                   1
                                   2
                                   3
                                   4
                                   5
                                   6
                                   7
                                   8
                                   9
                                   10
                                                                            1.000
                                                                            0.996
                                                                            0.897
                                                                              034
                                                                              193
                                                                              049
                                                                              047
                                                                              098
                                                                            1.057
                                                                            1.009
                                          145

-------
                                                                                    VS-2
                                                                        VIBRATING SCREEN
Installed vibrating screen cost includes purchased cost of vibrating screen motor
and drive, handling and setting, piping and ductwork,  concrete,  instrumentation,
electrical, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering and construction
overhead).
INSTALLED VIBRATING SCREEN COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST)(Fn)(FD)
                                                           U   K
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 1.87 percent of installed vibrating screen cost
and will depend upon material corrosivity and abrasiveness.


                               OPERATION COST

Vibrating screens require no operator attention.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                    (percent)                      (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.05-0.091                     11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                 0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                   0.056-0.091                    11-18

Pulp and Paper                      0.063-0.100                    10-16

Mining                              0.063-0.100                    10-18
                                       146

-------
                                                                                     VT-1
                                                                            VERTICAL TANK
   VERTICAL TANK
                 10000
             100000
                                                        CAPACITY (GALLONS)
                                                           100000
                        cc
                        f
                        _!
                        O
                        Q
                       O-J
                       
                                                                                           1500
                                           147

-------
                                                                                  VI-2
                                                                         VERTICAL TANK
Installed vertical tank cost includes purchased cost of vertical tank (field
erection for large size vessels), handling and setting, piping, concrete,
instrumentation, insulation, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor
engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED VERTICAL TANK COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (Fn) (FM) (FJ (FD) (F  )
                                                        U   Pi   r   K    \
                            ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 1.93 - 2.61 percent of installed vertical tank cost
and will depend upon temperature, pressure, fluid corrosivity and cycle time.


                             OPERATION COST

Vertical tanks require no operator attention.
                     PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                 DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                   (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                    0.050-0.091                   11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                0.04S                        22

Resins and Polymers                 0.045                        22

Food and Beverage                   0.045                        22

Pulp and Paper                      0.045                        22

Mining                              0.045                        22
                                     148

-------
                                                                                        WTS-1

                                                                      WATER TREATMENT  SYSTEM
 WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
                              1000000
                             <
                             _1
                             _1
                             o

                            CN
                            01
                             CO
                             o
                               100000
                             o
                             UJ
                                10000
                                    100
                                                                                               10
                                                                                               10*
                                                               1000
                                                         CAPACITY  (GPM)
                                                                                           10000
   Type
                 DESIGN ADJUSTMENT

                       Curve
                           REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                         Region               FR
Demineralizing System
Softening System
Filtering System
Pumping Station
Cooling System
Outfall System
  (10000 ft)
  00
  000
  000
  000
  000
1.000
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
1.000
1.045
0.947
  043
  133
 ,041
  066
 .065
 ,067
                                                                                    1.029
                                              149

-------
                                                                                   WTS-2
                                                                  WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
Installed water treatment system cost includes purchased cost of water treatment
system, pumps, drives,  necessary closed pump station buildings (if required),
handling and setting, piping,  concrete, basins, pits and foundations,  steel,
instrumentation, electrical, paint, and indirect costs (prime contractor engineering
and construction overhead).
INSTALLED WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM COST/ $ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FD) (FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will vary from 0.1 to 8 percent of installed water treatment
system cost and will primarily depend upon influent water quality, flowrate, and
cycling.


                               OPERATION COST


Water treatment systems require between 0.125 and 1.0 operators per shift.


                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.016-0.040                  25-60

Oil and Gas Refining                0.016-0.040                  25-60

Resins and Polymers                 0.016-0.040                  25-60

Food and Beverage                   0.016-0.040                  25-60

Pulp and Paper                      0.016-0.040                  25-60

Mining                              0.016-0.040                  25-60
                                     150

-------
                                                                                     WTS-3

                                                                              STEAM BOILER
STEAM BOILER
                            1000000
                         U)
                         OL
                          o
                          Q
                         CSI
                         r-^
                         en
                         to
                         o
                         05
                         g
                            100000
                              10000
                                 10000
                                                            100000
                                                     CAPACITY (IBS STEAM/HR)
                                                                                       1000000
                                                             REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                          Region                F^
                                                          —I—                i.ooo
                                                            2                   1.044
                                                            3                   0.979
                                                            4                   1.030
                                                            5                   1.069
                                                            6                   1.015
                                                            7                   1.051
                                                            8                   1.034
                                                            9                   1.051
                                                           10                   1.024
                                            151

-------
                                                                                   WTS-4
                                                                            STEAM BOILER
Installed steam boiler cost includes purchased cost of boiler, forced draft fans,
burners, soot blowers, boiler feedwater pumps, feed water deaerator, chemical
injection system, stock, handling and setting, piping, concrete, steel,
instrumentation, electrical, insulation, paint, and indirect costs  (prime
contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED STEAM BOILER COST, $ = (INSTALLED BASE COSTMF,,) (FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 3 percent of installed steam boiler cost.
                               OPERATION COST
Steam boilers require between 0.125 and 1.0 operators per shift.
                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE           EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                    (years)
Heavy Chemical                     0.071-0.091                    11-14

Oil and Gas Refining               0.063-0.071                    14-16

Resins and Polymers                0.071-0.111                     9-14

Food and Beverage                  0.056-0.083                    12-18

Pulp and Paper                        0.063                         16

Mining                                0.100                         10
                                     152

-------
WATER STILL
                                                                                     WTS-5

                                                                               WATER STILL
                           100000
                       cc
                       3
                       _1
                       o
                       Q
                       CM
                       cn
                        <
                        CQ
                        a
                        LU
                            10000
                             1000
                                                             10
                                                     CAPACITY  (GALLONS/DAY)
                                                                                        100
                                                              REGIONAL ADJUSTMENT
                                                          Region

                                                            1
                                                            2
                                                            3
                                                            4
                                                            5
                                                            6
                                                            7
                                                            8
                                                            9
                                                           10
  000
  044
0.979
 ,030
  069
  015
 ,051
  034
  051
                                                                                1.024
                                          153

-------
                                                                                   WTS-6
                                                                             WATER STILL
Installed water still cost includes purchased cost of still, handling and setting,
piping, concrete, steel, instrumentation, insulation, paint, and indirect costs
(prime contractor engineering and construction overhead).
INSTALLED WATER STILL COST,$ = (INSTALLED BASE COST) (FR)
                              ANNUAL MAINTENANCE

Annual maintenance will be approximately 3 percent of installed water still cost.


                               OPERATION COST

Water stills require between 0.05 and 0.2 operators per shift.



                       PROBABLE ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATE

INDUSTRY GROUP                   DEPRECIATION RATE            EXPECTED LIFETIME
                                     (percent)                     (years)
Heavy Chemical                      0.050-0.091                   11-20

Oil and Gas Refining                   0.045                        22

Resins and Polymers                    0.045                        22

Food and Beverage                      0.045                        22

Pulp and Paper                         0.045                        22

Mining                                 0.045                        22
                                     154

-------
                                 SECTION IV

                              ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This project was directed by Mr. Herbert G. Blecker.  Assistance in this effort
by many individuals in and out of government has been extremely helpful.  We
especially acknowledge those vendors and contractors who have assisted in the
effort.  We are grateful for the guidance provided by Mr. Paul Greenberger and
other members of the Environmental Protection Agency Staff.
                                        155

-------
                                 SECTION  V
                                REFERENCES
 1.   Blecker,  H.  G.  and Nichols,  T. M. ,  C0gT®  System User's Manual,  Second Edition,
     ICARUS Corporation, Silver Spring,  Maryland, January  1973.

 2.   Blecker,  H.  G., From Process Flowsheet  to Detailed Estimate, presented at the
     American  Institute of Chemical Engineers  18th Annual  All-Day Meeting, University
     of Delaware, March 27,  1973.

 3.   Blecker,  H.  G., Computer  Simulation of  Definitive Estimates, to be presented at
     the National Meeting of the  American Association of Cost Engineers,  St. Louis,
     Mo. ,  June  1973.

 4.   Blecker,  H.  G., Cost Models: A  Computerized Approach to the Simulation of
     Equipment Cost, 1972 Transactions  of the  American Association of Cost Engineers.

 5.   Blecker,  H.  G., Simulation of Chemical  Processing Plant Investment by Computer,
     1972  Transactions  of the  Summer  Computer  Simulation Conference, San  Diego,
     California,  June 14-16, 1972.

 6.   U.S.  Department of Commerce, Selected Climatic Maps of the United States, U.S.
     Government Printing Office,  Washington, D.C., 1966.

 7.   Foster, N.,  1972 Dodge  Construction and Scheduling Manual, McGraw-Hill Information
     Systems Company, New York, N.Y.,  1972.

 8.   McKee-Berger-Mansueto Inc.,  Building Cost File, Construction Publishing Company,
     Inc., New York, N.Y., 1973.

 9.   Rase, H.  F., and Barrow,  M.H..Project Engineering of  Process Plants, John Wiley
     and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y. ,  May 19677

10.   Ludwig, E. E.,  Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants, Vol.
     I-III, Gulf Publishing Company,  Houston,  Texas, 1964.
                                         156

-------
                                SECTION VI


                                 GLOSSARY



Adjustment Factor - An additive or multiplicative factor for adjusting installed base
cost to obtain installed cost.  The adjustments may be regional (for location of
installation), design (for the type of design), pressure, temperature, cost escalation,
or other pertinent parameters.

Cost Escalation Factor - See Adjustment Factor, a composite of the Marshall fj Stevens
Index and the Engineering News Record Construction Cost Index.

Design Adjustment Factor - See Adjustment Factor.

Equipment Item - A piece of processing equipment.  Generally refers to the piece as
purchased and before installation.

Installed Base Cost - The installed cost for an equipment module in a nominal location
with nominal design and operating characteristics.

Installed Cost - The cost including purchased equipment, material and labor requirements
forinstallation, contractors engineering and overhead.  For processes, includes
contractors fee, contingencies, and land cost as well.

Installed Equipment Module - An equipment item together with its usual accessories, all
completely installed.

Key Cost Parameter - The single physical or capacity characteristic of an installed
equipment module which is most directly related to installed cost.

Labor to Material Ratio - The ratio of labor to material requirements in installed
equipment module.

Pressure Adjustment Factor - See Adjustment Factor.

Regional Adjustment Factor - See Adjustment Factor.

Subcontract Cost - The fee paid to another by the contractor for services, such as
erecting a building, completing yard improvements, etc.

Temperature Adjustment Factor - See Adjustment Factor.
Additional glossaries may be found in

1.  Industrial $ Engineering Chemi.stry 52 (6), 69 (1960).

2.  Industrial § Engineering Chemistry S2_ (7), S3 ( 960).

3.  J. H. Perry, Chemical Engineers'  Handbook, 4th Ed., pages 26-2, to 26-5.
                                         157

-------
                                SECTION VII
                                 APPENDICES

                                                                                Page
A.  Cost Modules                                                                 159
B.  Regional Data                                                                165
C.  Frost Depth                                                                  I66
D.  Isotach                                                                      167
E.  Selected Material Costs                                                      168
F.  Cross Reference Index                                                        169
G.  Data Sheet Index                                                             I83
                                          158

-------
                                            APPENDIX  A
                                           COST  MODULES
                         EQUIPMENT  COST  ELEMENT
                 INPUT
                 FROM
                 SYSTEM
                 EXECUTIVE
                                                                    INPUT
                                                                    FROM
                                                                    USER
                                             INPUT
                                          TRANSLATOR
                                     EQUIPMENT EXECUTIVE
'
j
r

STORAGE

Cost Symbols
Equipment Types
Equipment Costs
Unit Man hours
C
aft Mix


Labor Rales
Equ
pment Rental
i
i
'

ALGORITHMS
Equipment Design
Sizing Techniques
Field Labor Manhours
Construction Equip me
Modola


t Relationships




Material Component

All equipment necessary for the processing plant
as indicated on flowsheets, equipment lists, etc
                                                     Labor Component

                                                     All labor operations necessary to unload, store, set in

                                                     site   Includes labor to assemble, erect and dismantle
                                                     rigging poles and guy derricks when necessary
                                PIPING COST  ELEMENT
                    INPUT
                    FROM
                    SYSTEM
                    EXECUTIVE

1
' i

INPUT
TRANSLATOR

                                                                   INPUT
                                                                   FROM
                                                                   USER
                                          PIPING EXECUTIVE
                             STORAGE
                        Con Symboli
                        Mat.ml Unit Com
                          Unit Mmhoin
                          Crlft Mil
                          Libor RitK
                        Eqiiipmint flmul
                                                           ALGORITHMS
                                                         Sizing Routine*
                                                         Lint Specifications
                                                         Material Quantities
                                                         Field Labor Minhoun
                                                         Construction Equipment
                                                         Modular Relationships
                                                                    OUTPUT
                                                                   ' TO USER
  Ma tentl Cotr-.pomnt

• Shop fabricated materiel - process, auxiliary, utility

• Field fabricated material - process, auxiliary, utility

e Fi« d MMmlily material (valvn, flengei, expansion joint*,
  etc )

e Smalt piping under 2" (screwed, socket in weld, steam
  tracing, tubing, velvet, etc I

* Underground piping (cast iron, vitrified clay, concrete
  tnnsita, tic }

e Sp«i«l ftbr.cattd lyttemi (rubber Imtd. gfeu lined, etc ,
  as rftguired by • perticulcr proceu)

• Shoes, gutdct, brackiti, climpi, hangen, insulation
  wppom, etc.

e Scaffoldings required
                                                   Ltbor Component

                                                 • Unload  itore, handle

                                                 • F.eJd fabrication (tit labor opwauon* performed in the
                                                   jobsite weld shop uch ai cutting/bevelmg, preheating,
                                                   welding, x-ray, strew relief, etc )

                                                 • Pipe erection (all labor operations to erect shop fabricated
                                                   and field fabricated spools in piece, install pipe, vatvei,
                                                   and other assembly material, coat and wrap underground
                                                   piping, stress relief and x r»y field weldf, etc (

                                                 • Small piping under 2" (all labor operations to install
                                                   screwed, locket weld, steam tracing, tubing, etc )

                                                 • Special  fabricated systems  (aH labor operation*
                                                   to inttall rubber l>r>ed, glist lined and other spec*)
                                                   prefabricated components)

                                                 • Labor manhours to install shoes, hangen, guidw,
                                                   brackets, etc , necessary to support piping systems

                                                 • Scaf'olding labor as required
                                         159

-------
CONCRETE  COST  ELEMENT
            CONCRETE EXECUTIVE
1 '

STORAGE

Cost Symbols
Foundation Types
Structural Types
Material Unit Costs
Unit Manhours
Craft Mix
Labor Rate
s

Equipment Rental


i
<
i

ALGORITHMS
Design Routines
Material Quantities
Field Labor Manhours
Construction Equipmen
Modular Relationships









  Material Component
• Concrete (redi mix, cement, sdnd, aggregate add misc ,
  color, testing, etc )
• Forming (plywood, sonotube, metal forms, backup
  lumber, nails, clamps, etc 1
• Reinforcing (rebar, tie wire, mesh, etc )
• Accessories (anchor bolts, curb angles, fireproofmg
  material, hardware, etc)
• Concrete pipe supports and sleepers
» Miscellaneous ttiench covers, basin covers, manholes,
  catch basins, manholes, etc )
• Weather protection (shelters, heating equipment,
  covers, etc )
• Scaffolding as required
                          Labor Component
                        • Unload, store, handle
                        • Equipment foundations (all labor operations necessary
                          to install rebar. forming and mass pour concrete)
                        • Pipe supports (all labor operations to install precast
                          supports, sleepers, poured m place items, etc }
                        • Basins, manholes, trenches (all labor operations to install
                          cooling towet basins, manholes, catch basins, pull boxes,
                          valve boxes, trenches, etc )
                        • Concrete paving (all labor operations necessary to install
                          paving, roads, gutters, envelopes, etc )
                        • Miscellaneous (all labor required to grout and finish
                          equipment setting, apply special coatings to foundation
                          slabs, basins, etc )
                        • Scaffolding labor as required
STRUCTURAL STEEL COST ELEMENT
INPUT ,WUT
FROM rngM
SYSTEM usfj1
EXECUTIVE ' ' "
INPUT
TRANSLATOR
*
1 STRUCTURAL STEEL EXECUTIVE 1
1 1
STORAGE
Cost Symbols
Structural Types
Material Unit Costs
Unit Mart hours
Craft Mix
Labor Rates
Equipment Rental
1 •
ALGORITHMS
Design Routines
MatenaJ Quantities
Field Labor Manhoun
Construction Equipment
Modular Relationships
r
TD\»BSTEM •« 	 1 OUTPUT 1 	 b- OUTi>llT
EXECUTIVE 1 GENERATOR | " TO USER

Material Component
• Steel structures (for process equipment access and sup-
port, including ladders, platform walkways, guard rails,
crane rails, all appertenances, etc )
• Ladders, platforms, and walkways (when not attached
to vessels, boilers, and coolers, etc J
* Steel pipe supports and sleepers
• Scaffolding as required
Labor Component
# Un oad, store, handle
• Steel structures (all labor operations to erect steel
structures on the jobsite)
• Ladders and platforms (all labor operations to erect
on the jobsite)
* Steel pipe supports (all labor to assemble, erect or
install on the jobs te)
• Scaffold ng labor as required
                 160

-------
                    INSTRUMENTATION COST  ELEMENT
                    INPUT
                    FROM
                    SYSTEM
                    EXECUTIVE
                                              INPUT
                                           TRANSLATOR
                        -INPUT
                         FROM
                         USER
                                    INSTRUMENTATION EXECUTIVE
1
i

STORAGE

Cost Symbols
Instrur
rent Uni
Costs

Material Unit Costs
Unit Ma n hours
Craft Mix
Labor Rates
t
i
t

ALGORITHMS
Mater
Field
a! Quantities
abor Ma
n hours
Modular Relationships









                    FEEDBACK
                    TQ SYSTEM -
                    EXECUTIVE
  OUTPUT
GENERATOR
               . OUTPUT
                 TO USER
  Mater/31 Component
• Major offline items (analyzers, etc )

• Sensing devices (temperature, pressure, flow, gauge
  glasses, level indicators, etc }
• Control devices (control valves, power operators, etc )
• Miscellaneous (relief valves, steam traps, switches,
  alarms, s
• Field assert
  racks, etc )
• Co']*iot panels and pam
• Scaffolding as required
             ids, etc )
           ibly material (piping, tubing, supports, tube
          Labor Component
        • Unload, store, handle
        • Major offline items (all labor operatic
           nstall ,
                       , etc )
                                                ary to
                    ients (all labor operations necessary to
                                       its in the field)
• Loca
  install sensing and control u
• Miscellaneous (all labor operations necessary to install
  relief valves, steam traps, switches, alarms, solenoids,
  etc)
• Field assembly (all labor operations to install main
  control tubing runs, etc I
• Check out, calibrate, and test
• Scaffolding labor as required
                           ELECTRICAL COST  ELEMENT
                    INPUT
                    FROM
                    SYSTEM
                    EXECUTIVE

1
' i

INPUT
TRANSLATOR

                          INPUT
                          FROM
                          USER
                                      ELECTRICAL EXECUTIVE
\
> t
STORAGE


Cost Symbols
Un
U.i
t Costs
t Man hours


Craft Mix
Labor Rates


1
v
L
ALGORITHMS
Material Quantities
Labor Manhou
S
Field Labor Ma nhours
Modular Relationship




               ion and control (sub stations, switchgear
  starters, bus ducts, etc )
  street lights, etc)
t Grounding and Cathodic Protectio
                                        recorder

  interlock systems, etc )

  speakers, fire reporting systems, etc )
> Pole lines (pole mounted instdllation for power distribu

  tion, etc )
i Scaffolding as required
         Labor Component
       • Unload, store, handle
       • Power distribution and control  [All labor operations
         necessary to install major items of electrical equipment
         This includes handling, storing, setting in place and testir
         conduit and accessories for power feeders and motor runs
         both above and below ground level)

         wire and cable for power feeders and motor runs both
         above and below ground level, instrumentation, communi
         cations, etc )  Test and check out
         Pole lines (all labor operations necessary to install wood
         poles set and dress, install conductors, etc 1  Test and
         check out
                                            161

-------
                        INSULATION  COST ELEMENT
                                 INSULATION EXECUTIVE

i
r

STORAGE

Cost Symbols
U
it Costs


Unit Man hours
Craft Mix
Labor Rates
i
i
t

ALGORITHMS
Material Quantities
Field
Modu


.abor Ma
nhours
ar Relationships




                 FEEDBACK
                 TO SYSTEM
                 EXECUTIVE
H  OUTPUT     	^
GENERATOR   I
OUTPUT
TO USER
  Material Component
• Equipment insulation material {special molding, covers,
  flat sheets, etc )
  covers, flange covers, etc
• Tiewtre, mesh, etc

• Scaffolding as required
                                              >  Unload, store and handle
         items and piping as required
       t ScaHolding labor as required
                           PAINT  COST ELEMENT
                INPUT
                FROM
                SYSTEM
                EXECUTIVE
                       INPUT
                       FROM
                       USER
                                         INPUT
                                      TRANSLATOR
                                          T
                                    PAINT EXECUTIVE
'
i

STORAGE

Cost Symbols
Un
t Costs


Unit Manhours
Cra
ft Mix


Labor Rates
i

i

ALGORITHMS
Material Quantities
Field
Modu


.abor Ma
nhour
ar Relationships




        Material Component

       • Paint material special coatings, etc

       • Sandblasting material as required

       • Scaffolding as required
             Labor Component

            • Unload, store, and handle

            • Labor to apply paint (spray, brush, etc )

            • Scaffolding labor as required
                                       162

-------
              PLANT  BUILDING COST  ELEMENT
           INPUT
           FROM
           SYSTEM
           EXECUTIVE

1
' i
r
INPUT
TRANSLATOR

                                      INPUT
                                      FROM
                                      USER
                       PLANT BUILDING EXECUTIVE
1
i

STORAGE

Type Symbols
foundat ons
Shell
,
3oof


Unit Costs
i
>
ALGORITHMS
Building Costs
Service Costs
Modular Relationships




FEEDBACK
TO SYSTEM
EXECUTIVE
                               OUTPUT  -
                             GENERATOR
. OUTPUT
 TO USER
Material Component
required (administration workshops, control
rooms, steel structures, etc )
Labor Component
All labor necessary to construct buildings as
required (plus burden and overhead if buildings
subcontracted)
               ENGINEERING  COST ELEMENT
           INPUT
           FROM
           SYSTEM
           EXECUTIVE
                                      INPUT
                                     - FROM
                                      USER
                                INPUT
                             TRANSLATOR
                         ENGINEERING EXECUTIVE

1
/



STORAGE



Unit Manhours
Unit Rates
n direct Relationships

i
i



ALGORITHMS
Direct Labor Manhours
ndirect Costi
Mod u la
r Relationships
indirect cosls
 • Payroll burdens
 • Office expense
 •Office overhead
                           Labor Component

                           All home office labor for the following engineering
                           act (vi ties

                           • Project
                           • Process
                           • Design
                           • Procurement
                           • Home Office Construction
                              163

-------
                       SITE WORK COST ELEMENT
              INPUT
              FROM
              SYSTEM
              EXECUTIVE

1
r i

INPUT
TRANSLATOR

                                 USER
                                 INPUT
                                 DATA
                               SITE WORK EXECUTIVE
                      STORAGE
                     Work Items
                     Unit Costs
              FEEDBACK
              TO SYSTEM
              EXECUTIVE
                                                 ALGORITHMS
                                               Work Item Quantities
—I
  OUTPUT
GENERATOR
OUTPUT
TO USER
Material Component
All material and equipment necessary for site work
 • Roads, walkways, paving
 • Site clearing, excavation and grading
 • Sewers and underground
 • Landscaping, etc.
                        Labor Component

                        Alt labor necessary for site work
                        • Roads, walkways, paving
                        • Site clearing, excavation and grading
                        • Sewers and underground
                        • Landscaping, etc.
          CONSTRUCTION  OVERHEAD  COST  ELEMENT
             FROM
             SYSTEM
             EXECUTIVE

<
' 1

INPUT
TRANSLATOR

                                 FROM
                                 USER
                        CONSTRUCTION OVERHEAD EXECUTIVE
                  Cost Relationships
                    Unit Manhours
                    Unit Rates
                    Labor Rates
                    Craft Benefits
                    Payroll Burdens
                  Equipment Rental Rates
                      Temporary Construction Facilities
                      Construction Services
                      Field Supervision
                      Payroll Burdens and Insurants
                      Construction Equipment
                      Small Tools
                      Modular Relationships
             FEEDBACK
             TO SYSTEM
             EXECUTIVE
            OUTPUT
          GENERATOR
                      OUTPUT
                      TO USER
Material Component
• AM material necessary to
• Payroll burdens and expe
field labor and supervisio
• Construction equipment

construct temporary facilities
nse on direct and indirect
n
rental and small tool cost

Labor Component
• All labor necessary to construct temporary facilities
and provide construction services in the field
• All field staff labor and costs
                                   164

-------
 APPENDIX B
REGIONAL DATA
                              AVERAGE
i
REGION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
WIND
SPEED
RANGE
(MPH)
67-100
67-100
67-90
67-120
67-100
67-100
67-100
75-100
60-90
60-95
FROST
LINE
RANGE
(INCHES)
25-60
.15-45
10-25
0-10
10-60
0-15
10-45
5-60
0-10
0-25
SOIL SOIL
TYPE LOADING
(LBS/FT3)
DRY SAND
SAND
DRY SAND
DRY SAND
DRY SAND
DRY SAND
DKY SAND
DRY SAND
DRY SAND
DRY SAND
6000
8000
6000
3000
4000
3000
4000
4000
4000
4000
SOIL
DENSITY
(LBS/FT3)
100
90
100
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
UNLOADED
FIELD LABOR
WAGE RATE
($/MH)
6.08
8.68
5,55
6.88
8.61
6,89
8.23
6.81
6.45
7.17
SHOP FABRICATION
vs.
FIELD ERECTION
(FT DIA)
13,5
13,5
13.5
13,5
14.5
15,0
15.0
15,0
14.5
14.5
       165

-------
APPENDIX C
FROST DEPTH
      166

-------
APPENDIX D
 ISOTACH
  167

-------
                              APPENDIX E
                         SELECTED MATERIAL COSTS
The following table lists some approximate prices for equipment item materials of
construction.
     MATERIAL
                                                               APPROXIMATE
                                                                   COST*
                                                              BASE MATERIAL
ALUMINUM
BERYLLIUM
BRASS
BRONZE
CARBON STEEL
COLUMBIUM
COPPER
CUPRONICKEL
GOLD
MAGNESIUM
MOLYBDENUM
MONEL
MUNTZ
NICKEL
PALLADIUM
PLATINUM
RHODIUM
SILVER
STAINLESS STEEL
TANTALUM
TIN
TITANIUM
ZINC
ZIRCONIUM
0.40
500.00
0.90
0.95
0.07
50.00
1.00
1.20
500.00
0.70
30.00
1.90
0.85
2.20
550.00
1800.00
3000.00
24.00
0.25
70.00
1.70
2.00
0.25
16.00
- 0.60



- .11




- 2.00








- 1.20


- 4.00


   *3RD QUARTER 1972
                                          168

-------
                                     APPENDIX F

                                  CROSS REFERENCE  INDEX
TO FINU
                                   LOOK UNDtR
                                                                            IN
                                                                          SECTION
ABSORBENTS
ABSORBERS/ABSORPTION TOWERS
ABSORBERS

ABSORBER-CONCENTRATOR

ACCUMULATORS
ACID EGSS
ACIOULATOHS
ADSORBENTS

ADSORPTION COLUMN
AFTERCOOLERS
A66LOMERATORS
AGITATED KETTLE
AGITATED OPEN TANKS



AGITATED PRESSURE TANKS


AGITATED VESSELS
AIR-CONDITIONERS
AIR CONDITIONING UNITS
AIH DRYERS
AIR FAN
AIR FIN
ALKYLATION REACTOR

ALKYLATORb
ATMOSPHERIC FILTRATION

AUTOCLAVES
AZEOTROPIC DISTILLATION SYSTEM
SEE ADSOKBENTS
SEE COLUMNS
SEE PACKED COLUMNS.  ION EXCHANGERS-
  PACKINGS
PACKED COLUMN                            TW
PACKING                                  TW
SEE RECEIVER. VESStL
SEE VESSELS. REACTORS. TANKS
SEE REACTORS. VESSELS
PACKING                                  TW
ION EXCH/.NGER                            IF
PACKED COLUMN                            TW
TRAY TOWER                               TW
PACKING                                  TW
HEAT EXCHANGER                           HE
SEE KILNS. MILLS
AGITATED OPEN TANKS                      ftOT
AGITATED PRESSURE TANKS                  "PT
SEE ALSO REACTORS
MIXER TANK                               «OT
OPEN TOP TANK                            AOT
SEE ALSO VESSELS. REACTORS
AUTOCLAVE                                »PT
REACTOR                                  APT
SEE ALSO VESSELS. REACTORS
."'JITATED OPEN TANK                       HOT
AGITATED PRESSURE TANK                   iPT
SEE ALSO AGITATORS. BLENDERS. MIXERS.
  KNEADEHS.  TRAY DRYING SYSTEMS.
  DRYERS. ROTARY DRYERS. MILLS
AIR CONDITIONING UNITS                   ACU
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM                  ACU
WINDOW VENTED AIR CONDITIONER            ACU
ROOFTOP AIR  CONDITIONER                  ACU
FLOOR MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER            ACU
SEE ALSO REFRIGERATION UNITS
AIR DRYER                                «D
SEE ALSO ION EXCHANGER. PACKED COLUMN.
  DRYERS
AIR COOLER                               HE
AIR COOLER                               HE
SEE HORIZONTAL TANKS' AGITATORS/
  REACTOKS
SEE REACTORS
DUST COLLECTOR                           "C
FILTER                                   F
AUTOCLAVE                                1PT
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEM
                                     B
HAFFLE-TOWER EXTRACTORS
BAG FILTERS
BAGGER
8A6HOUSE

BEATERS

BELT FEEDERS
BIN
BIO-OXIDATION UNITS
BIOLOGICAL WASTE UNITS
BLENDERS
BLOWERS
BOILERS
BRIDGE BREAKER
BUBBLE CAPS
BUCKETS
SEE PACKED COLUMNS. TRAY TOWERS
SEE DUST COLLECTORS
PACKAGING MACHINE
CLOTH BAY DUST COLLECTOR
AUTOMATIC CLOTH L>UbT COLLECTOR
KNEAKER
MIXER
APRON COi.VEYOR
STORAGE TANK
LIGHT GAt>E TANK,
CONE ROOh TANK
CONICAL IANK
FLOATING ROOF TANK
LIFTER ROOF TANK
SEE ALSO TANK. VESSEL. RECEIVER
SEE UNUEU SPECIFIC ITEM
SEE UNDEK SPECIFIC ITEM
ULENDER
ROTARY DOUBLE-CONE yLENDER
RIBBON BLENDER
SEE ALSO KNEADERS. MIXERS
FAN
bOILER
FEEuER
BUBBLE CAP TRAY TOWER
SEE ELEVATORS. CONVEYORS
PKG
OC
OC
K
"IX
^0
VT
VT
VT
VT
VT
VT
                                                                            HL
FN
WTS
PE
TW
                                                 169

-------
CALANDR1AS

CALCINERS
CANNED-MOTOR PUMPS
CATALYST
CATALYST BED REACTORS

CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
CENTRIFUGAL CLASSIFIERS
CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR

CENTRIFUfaHL FANS
CENTRIFUGAL FILTERS
CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR

CENTRIFUGAL SETTLERS

CENTRIFUGAL WET COLLECTOR
CENTRIFUGALS

CENTRIFUGLS
CHAIN CONVEYORS
CHEMICAL  REACTORS
CHILLERS
CHIMNEYS
CHUTES
CLARIFIERS
CLASSIFIERS
CLARIFIER
COILS
 COLLECTION  SYSTEM
 COLLECTORS
 COLUMNS
COMBUSTION  EQUIPMENT
 COMBUSTION  UNITS
 COMMINUTOR

 COMPACTORS
 COMPOUNDERS
 COMPRESSED  AIR SYSTEMS
 COMPRESSORS

 COMPRESSORS.  AIR
SHELL + TUBE CALANURIA                  HE
SEE ALSO HEAT EXCHANGER. EVAPORATOR
SEE ROTARY DRYERS
GEAR PUMPS                              GP
PACKING                                 TW
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
ALSO SEE TOWERS. REACTORS. VESSELS
MODERATE SERVICE CLOSED IMPELLER        CP
HEAVY DUTY SERVICE CLOSED IMPELLER      CP
GENERAL SERVICE CLOSED IMPELLER         CP
GENERAL SERVICE OPEN IMPELLER           CP
AMERICAN VOLUNTARY STANDARD CLOSED
  IMPELLER                              CP
CLOSED IMPELLER                         CP
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP TURBINE DRIVER         CP
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP MOTOR DRIVER           CP
SEE ALSO PUMPS. FANS. COMPRESSORS
CENTRIFUGAL PRECIPITATOR                DC
CYCLONE DUST COLLECTOR                  DC
MULTI-CYCLONE DUST COLLECTOR            DC
CONTINUOUS CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR        EX
ALSO SEE CENTRIFUGES
FANS                                    FN
FILTERS                                 F
CENTRIFUGES                             CT
DUST COLLECTORS                         DC
CYCLONE UUST COLLECTOR                  DC
CENTRIFUGE                              CT
CENTRIFUGES                             CT
DUST COLLECTORS                         DC
CENTRIFUGAL PRECIPiTATOR DUST COLLECTOR DC
SEE CENTRIFUGES. FLOATATION MACHINES.
  CRYSTALLIZERS. COMPRESSORS
A.T.M. SUSPENDED CENTRIFUGE             CT
SOLID BOvvL CENTRIFUGE                   CT
RECIPROCATING CONVEYOR CENTRIFUGE       CT
SCROLL CONVEYOR CENTRIFUGE              CT
HIGH SPEtD DISK CENTRIFUGE              CT
HIGH SPEtD TUBULAR CENTRIFUGE           CT
BATCH AUTOMATIC CENTRIFUGE              CT
SUPER D HYDRATOR CENTRIFUGE             CT
BATCH TOP SUSPENDED  CENTRIFUGE          CT
BATCH BOTTOM SUSPENDED CENTRIFUGE       CT
BATCH BOTTOM DRIVEN. TOP UNLOADING      CT
  CENTRIFUGE
BATCH BOTTOM DRIVEN, BOTTOM UNLOADING
  CENTRIFUGE                            CT
SEE ALSO FLOATATION  MACHINES
CONVEYORS                               CO
REACTORS
HEAT EXCHANGER                          HE
REFRIGERATION UNITS                     RU
CONDENSERS                              C
FREEZERS                                FR
STACK                                   <;TK
CONVEYOR                                CO
FILTER                                  F
THICKENER                               T
FILTERS                                 F
CENTRIFUGES                             CT
DUST COLLECTORS                         OC
SEE SCREENS
THICKENER                               T
PLATE COIL HEAT EXCHANGER               HE
SPIRAL COIL HEAT EXCHANGER              HE
SEE ALSO HEAT EXCHANGERS
DUST COLLECTOR                          DC
SEE DUST COLLECTORS, FILTERS
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
TRAY TOWERS                             TW
WASHERS                                 DC
ALSO SEE VESSELS
FURNACES                                FU
HEATING UNITS                           HU
STACKS                                  STK
SEE ALSO DRYERS, RoTARY DRYERS,
  FIRED PROCESS EQUIPMENT

CUTTER                                  CU
MILL                                    M
SEE PRESSES
SEE PRESSES
SEE COMPRESSORS
SEE AIR COMPRESSORS, SAS COMPRESSORS.
  FANS, TURBINES
SINGLE RtCIPROACATINS - ONE STAGE       AC
SINGLE RECIPROCATING - TWO STAGE        AC
SINGLE RECIPROCATING - THREE STAGE      AC
DUPLEX RECIPROCATING - TWO STAGE        »C
CENTRIFUGAL TURBINE  DRIVE               AC
CENTRIFUGAL MOTOR DRIVE                 AC
RECIPROCATING GAS ENGINE DRIVE          AC
RECIPROCATING MOTOR  DRIVE               AC
SEE ALSO GAS COMPRESSORS, FANS
              170

-------
 COMPRESSORS.  GAS
 CONCENTRATORS

 CONDITIONERS

 CONDITIONING TANK
 CONDENSERS

 CONICAL  HOPPER


 CONTACTOR
 CONVERTERS
 CONVEYOR  bELTS
 CONVEYORS
COOKERS


COOLERS
COOLING TOWtRS


COOLING WATER SYSTEM
CRUSHEHS
CRACKERS


CRACKING FURNACES

CRYOGENIC UNITS
CRYSTALLI2ERS
CUTTER


CRUSHING KOLLS


CYCLONE SCRUBBER


CYCLONE VESSEL
CYCLONES


CYLINDERS
 RECIPROCATING  GAS  ENGINE  DRIVE           GC
 RECIPROCATING  MOTOR  DRIVE               GC
 CENTRIFUGAL  TURBINt.   DRIVE  COMPRESSOR    GC
 CENTRIFUGAL  MOTOR  DRIVE COMPRESSOR       GC
 RECIPROCATING  COMPRESSOR                 GC
 SEE  ALSO  AIR COMPRESSORS. FANS
 THICKENER                               T
 REACTOR                                  APT
 SEE  AIR CONDITIONING UNITS.  WATER TREAT-
   MENT SYSTEMS
 SEE  REACTOR. VESSEL.  BIN. TANK
 BAROMETRIC CONOENStR                    C
 SEE  ALSO  HEAT  EXCHANGERS
 CONE ROOF VERTICAL TANK                  VT
 LIGHT GAGE VERTICAL  TANK                 VT
 CONICAL TANK                            VT
 PACKED COLUMN                            TW
 ION  EXCHANGER                            IE
 EXTRACTOR                               EX
 SEE  REACTORS.  VESStLS
 CONVEYOR                                 CO
 CENTRIFUGAL  BUCKET ELEVATOR              CO
 CONTINUOUS BUCKET  LLEVATOR               CO
 PNEUMATIC CONVEYING  SYSTEM               CO
 ROLLER CONVEYOR                          CO
 SCREW CONVEYOR                          CO
 VIBRATING CONVEYOR                      CO
 SPACED BUCKET  ELEV«TOR                   co
 APRON CONVEYOR                          fO
 OPEN BELT CONVEYOR                      TO
 ENCLOSED  BELT  CONVEYOR                   CO
 SEE  ALSO  ELEVATORS
 SEE  ORYEKS.  TRAY DRYING SYSTEMS.
   DRUM DRYERS. ROTARY DRYERS
 SEE  HEAT  EXCHANGERS
 COOLING TOWER                            TW
 COOLING TOWER  SYSTEMS                   WTS
 COOLING TOWER                            TW
 COOLING TOWER  SYSTtM                     WTS
 PUMP                                    P
 PUMPING STATION                          WTS
 CONE CRUSHER                            CR
 GYRATORY  CRUSHER                         CR
 JAW  CRUSHER                              CR
 ROLL CRUSHER                            CR
 ROTARY CRUSHER                          CR
 PULVERIZLR                               CR
 SAWTOOTH  CRUSHER                         CR
 SEE  ALSO  MILLS. CUTTERS
 FLUIDIZED BED  REACTOR                   R
 SEE  ALSO  REACTORS. VESSELS. TOWERS
 SEE  FURNACES.  CRACKERS. HEATING UNITS
 SEE  UNOEK SPECIFIC ITEM
 MECHANICAL CRYSTALLIZER                  CRY
 OSLO GROnTH  TYPE CKYSTALLIZER            CRY
 BATCH VACUUM CRYSTALLIZER                CRY
 FORCED CIRCULATION                      CRY
 ROTARY KuIFE CUTTER                      CU
 SEE  ALSO  MILLS
 CRUSHER                                  CR
 ROLL MILL                               M
 CYCLONE                                  DC
 MULTI CYCLONE                            OC
 SEE  CYCLONES
 CYCLONE OUST COLLECTOR                   OC
 MULTI-CYCLONE  DUST COLLECTOR             DC
 SEE  COLUMNS. VESSELS
DEAERATOKS
DEBUTANIZERS
DECANTER


DECOLORIZERS
DECOMPOSERS
DEDUSTERS
DEFIBERIZtRS
DEFLOCCULATORS
DEFOAMtRS
DEGAS1FIERS
DEGUMMERS


DEHUM1L/IFIERS
DEHYDRATORS
DEIONIZERS
DEISOBUTINIZERS
DEISOPENTANIZERS

DELUMPERS
SEE MIXLKS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS

SUPER D CENTRIFUGE                      CT

SEE ALSO SEPARATOR
SEE ABSORBERS.ACTIVATED CARBON

SEE AGITATED VESSELS
SEE DUST COLLECTORS

SEE CRUSHERS/MILLS

SEE CRUSHERS/MILLS

SEE MIXERS
SEE DEAEkATORS/MIXtRS

SEt CENTRIFUGES. EVAPORATORS.

  WIPED FILM EVAPORATORS
DRYERS                                  n

AIR CONDITIONING UNIT                   "CU

AIR DRYEKS             .                 AD
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS. DRYERS. ROTARY
  DRYERS.  TRAY DRYING SYSTEMS. EVAPORAT-

  ORS. WIPED FILM EVAPORATORS. DRUM
  DRYERS.  FLAKERS
SEE ION-EXCHANGERS. SOFTENERS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS

SEE CRUSHERS. MILLS. MIXERS
                                                 171

-------
DEMINERALIZER
DENSIFIERS
DEODORIZERS

DEPROPANUERS
DESICCATORS

OESILICIZERS
DESICCANTS
DESICCATORS
DESILTERS
DESLUD6ERS
OESMOGGERS
DESOUVENTIZERS
OESORbERS
DESTRUCTORS
OESULFURIZATION REACTOR

DEWATERERS

DEWATERING StSTEM
DEWATERINS SYSTEM
DIFFUSEKS
DIGESTERS
DISPERSERS
DISPOSAL UNITS
DISSOLVES
DISTILLATION EQUIPMENT
DISTILLATION UNITS
DISTILLATION SYSTEM
DISTILLED WATER SYSTEM

DRUM
DRAINERS
DRIVES
DRYING  SYSTEM
DRY CHEMICAL FEEDER

DRYERS
 OUST  COLLECTORS
 DRUM  DRYERS
 DUST  COLLECTION  SYSTEM
WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM                  WTS
ION EXCHANGER                           IE
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
PACKING                                 TW
SEE MIXERS
SEE REACTORS> DISTILLATION SYSTEMS'
  DRYERS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
SEE ION EXCHANGERSi PACKED COLUMNSr
  PACKINGS
SEE ION-EXCHANGERS
SEE PACKINGS
SEE DRYERS. PACKED COLUMNS. PACKINGS
VIBRATING SCREEN                        VS
SEE CENTRIFUGES. FILTERS. THICKENERS
SEE DUST COLLECTORS. FILTERS
SEE DRYERS. DRUM DRYERS. TRAY DRYING
  SYSTEMS. ROTARY DRYERS. EVAPORATORS.
  DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
SEE COLUMNS. TOWERS. VESSELS. REACTORS  -
SEE INCINERATORS
PACKED COLUMNS                          TW
SEE ALSO REACTORS. TOWERS. VESSELS
SEE CENTRIFUGES. FILTERS. DRYERS.
  ROTARY DRYERS. TURBO DRYING SYSTEMS
CONVEYOR                                CO
VIBRATING SCREEN                        VS
ROTARY VACUUM FILTER                    F
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP                        CP
PUMP                                    P
DUST COLLECTOR                          DC
AIR DRYER                               AD
DRYING SYSTEM
INCINERATOR                             I
RECEIVER
VACUUM PUMP                             VP
FILTER                                  F
HOPPER
SEE MIXEkS
SEE REACTORS. VESSLLS
SEE MIXERS. BLENDERS. AGITATORS
SEE UNDER SPECIFIC ITEM
SEE MIXERS
SEE UNDER SPECIFIC ITEM
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
TRAY TOWER                              TW
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
HEAT EXCHANGER                          HE
REBOILER                                RB
CONDENSER                               C
PUMP                                    P
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP                        CP
VACUUM PUMP                             VP
STILL                                   WTS
SEE ALSO RECEIVER
STILL                                   WTS
SEE ALSO DISTILLATION SYSTEM
SEE BIN. RECEIVER. DRUM.  VESSEL
SEE CENTRIFUGALS
SEE TURBINES
DRYER                                   n
ROTARY DRYER                            RD
TRAY DRYING SYSTEM                      TDS
DRUM DRYLR                              DD
FEEDER                                  P
CONVEYOR                                CO
ATMOSPHERIC TRAY DRYER                  0
VACUUM TRAY DRYER                       n
PAN DRYER                               D
SPRAY DRYER                             0
FLUID BEu DRYER                         n
ALSO SEE ROTARY ORYERSi DRUM  DRYERS.
   TRAY  DRYING  SYSTEMS' FLAKERS
CLOTH BAY DUST  COLLECTOR                PC
CYCLONE COLLECTOR                       DC
MULTIPLE CYCLONE COLLECTOR              DC
WASHERS                                 DC
AUTOMATIC CLOTH FILTER  DUST  COLLECTOR   DC
LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL  PRECIPITATOR     DC
HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATOR    DC
CENTRIFUGAL PRECIPITATOR                DC
SEE ALSO FILTERS.  SEPARATORS
SINGLE ATMOSPHERIC DRUM DRYER          HD
DOUBLE ATMOSPHERIC DRUM DRYER          DD
SINGLE ATMOSPHERIC DRUM DRYER          DD
SEE ALSO DRYERS" FLAKERS.  ROTARY DRYERS -
DUST COLLECTOR                          DC
FAN                                     FN
 ECONOMIZER
                                    HEAT  EXCHANGER
                                    EVAPORATOR
                                         HE
                                         E
                                                  172

-------
EDUCATORS

ELECTRICAL GENERATORS



EJECTORS
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR
ELEVATORS
EMULSIFIEKS

ENGINES

EVACUATORS
EVAPORATORS
EXCHANGE RESIN


EXCHANGER



EXTRACTORS

EXHAUSTERS


EXTRACTORS
EXTRACT FURNACES
EXTRACTION COLUMNS
EXTRUDERS
CONDENSER                               C
REBOILER                                RB
BOILER
EJECTOR                                 F-J
STEAM JET REFRIGERATION UNIT            RU
TURBO GENERATOR                         EG
UNIT STEAM AND BOILER                   EG
PORTABLE GENERATOR SET                  EG
SEE ALSO TURBINES
SINGLE STAGE NON-CONDENSING EJECTOR     EJ
TWO STAGE - BAROMETRIC TYPE OF INTER-   EJ
  CONDENSER                             FJ
FOUR STAGE - BAROMETRIC                 EJ
FIVE STAGE - BAROMETRIC                 EJ
SEE ALSO REFRIGERATION UNITS. VACUUM
  PUMPS
DUST COLLECTOR                          OC
PASSENGER ELEVATOR                      EL
FREIGHT ELEVATOR                        FL
SEE ALSO CONVEYORS
SEE MIXEKS
SEE ALSO SEPARATORS
SEE TURBINES. ELECTRICAL GENERATOR
  UNITS
SEE EJECTORS
AGITATED FALLING FILM EVAPORATOR        E
FORCED CIRCULATION EVAPORATOR           E
LONG-TUBE RISING FILM EVAPORATOR        E
STANDARD HORIZONTAL TUBE EVAPORATOR     E
STANDARD VERTICAL TUBE EVAPORATOR       E
JACKETED VESSEL TYPE EVAPORATOR         E
LONG TUBL VERTICAL EVAPORATOR           E
SEE ALSO WIPED FILM EVAPORATORS. HEAT
  EXCHANGERS- FURNACES. HEATING UNITS
PACKING                                 TW
BACKED COLUMN                           TW
ION EXCHANGER                           IE
HEAT EXCHANGER                          HE
REBOILER                                RB
EVAPORATOR                              F.
CONUENSEK
CONTINUOUS CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR        EX
SEE ALSO CENTRIFUGtS
SEE BLOWtRS. FANS' VACUUM PUMPS'
  COMPRESSORS' EJECTORS. GEAR PUMPS.
  CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
EXTRACTOR                               EX
AGITATED PRESSURE TANKS                 APT
CENTRIFUGE                              CT
SEE FURNACES. HEATING UNITS
SEE AGITATED VESSELS. VESSELS. REACTORS -
MIXLR                                   MX
FANS
FEED HEATER
FEED PUMP
FEED TANK
FEEDERS
FIBERUERS
FIELD EREt-TED VESSELS
FILTER BAoS
FILTER CLOTHS
FILTER LEAVES
FILTER PRESSES
CENTRIFUGAL TURBO BLOWER                FN
CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR                  FN
PROPELLER FAN                           FN
ROTARY BLOWER                           FN
VANEAXIAL FAN                           FN
CENTRIFUGAL FAN                         FN
SEE ALSO GAS COMPRESSORS. AIR COMPRESS-
  ORS. PUMPS
SEE HEATERS
SEE PUMP
SEE TANK. VESSEL
bELT FEEDER                             FE
CHAMBER FEEDER                          FE
LOSS IN WEIGHT FEEDER                   FE
ROTARY FEEDER                           FF
SEE ALSO CONVEYORS
StE MILLS
SPHERES                                 VT
SPHEROIDS                               VT
CONE ROOF TANKS                         VT
CONICAL TANKS                           VT
FLOATING ROOF TANKS                     VT
LIFTER ROOF TANKS                       VT
GAS HOLDERS                             VT
OPEN TOP TANKS                          VT
AGITATED OPEN TANKS                     
-------
FILTER SCREENS
FILTER UNIT
ULTERS
FILTRATE RECEIVERS
FILTRATE TANK
FILTRATION

FINISHER
FINISHING
FIRED PROCESS EQUIPMENT
FIRED ROTARY KILN
FLAKERS
FLOATATION MACHINES

FLASH DRUM
FLASH TOWLRS
FLOTATION UNITS
FLUE 6AS SCRUBBING SYSTEM
FLUIOIZEU BED REACTOR
FLUIDIZING CONVEYOR SYSTEMS
FLOTATION UNITS

FRACTIONATORS
FRAME FILTER
FREEZERS
FUME COLLECTORS
FUME EXHAUST SYSTtMS
FUMI6ATORS
FURNACES
VIBRATING SCREENS                       VS
FILTER                                  F
SE£ ALSO SEPARATORS
SPARKLER FILTER                         F
ROTARY DhUM FILTER                      F
ROTARY DISK FILTER                      F
PLATE AND FRAME FILTER                  F
PRESSURE LEAF-DRY FILTER                F
PRESSURE LEAF-vfET FILTER                F
SEWAGE FILTER SYSTEM                    F
SEE ALSO DUST COLLECTORS> SEPARATORS
SEE RECEIVERS
SEE TANK. VESSEL. RECEIVER
FILTER                                  F
DUST COLLECTOR                          DC
WIPED FILM EVAPORATOR                   WFE
EVAPORATOR                              E
DRUM DRYER                              DD
ALSO SEE TUBULAR REACTOR. REACTOR
SEE MILLS
FURNACES                                FU
HEATING UNITS                           HU
BOILERS                                 WTS
STACKS                                  STK
DRYERS                                  0
ROTARY OhYERS                           90
STILL                                   WTS
ROTARY DRYER                            RD
DRUM FLAKER                             FL
DRUM DRYER                              OD
SEE ALSO DRUM ORYERS
FLOATATION MACHINE                      FM
SEE ALSO CENTRIFUGES
SEE DRUMb. VESSELS. REACTORS. TANKS
SEE TOWERS
FLOATATION MACHINE                      CM
SCRUBBER
DUST COLLECTOR                          PC
FILTER                                  F
FAN                                     FN
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
PACKING                                 TW
FLUIDIZEu BED REACTOR                   R
SPHERES                                 VT
SPHEROIDS                               VT
ION EXCHANGERS                          IE
WASHERS                                 DC
SEE CONVEYORS
SEE FLOATATON MACHINE. THICKENER'
  REACTORS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
PLATE ANb FRAME FILTER PRESS            F
FREEZER                                 FR
SEE ALSO REFRIGERATION UNITS. AIR
  CONDITIONING UNITS
DUST COLLECTOR                          DC
SEE PUMPS. FANS
SEE VESSELS
PROCESS HEATER FURNACE                  FU
VERTICAL FURNACE                        FU
bOX FURNACE                             PU
PYROLYSIS FURNACE                       FU
REFORMER FURNACE                        FU
SEE ALSO HEATING UNITS
 GAS  CONVEYING  SYSTEM
 GAS  ABSORBER
 SASHOLOERS
 GAS  SCRUBBER
 GEAR PUMPS
 GAS  »
-------
                                     H
HALOGENATORS
HAMMERMILLS
HEAT EXCHANGERS
HEAT RECOVERY UNITS

 (EAT TRANSFER SYSTEM
HEATERS


HEATING UNITS



HIGH-EFFICIENCY CENTRIFUGAL
  COLLECTOR
HIGH EFFICIENCY CYCLONE


HIGH VELOCITY SCRUBBER


HOISTS
HOLDING TANK
HOMOGENIZERS
HOPPLR
HORIZONTAL PLATE FILTER
HORIZONTAL TANKS
HYDRAULIC CONVEYOR SYSTEMS
HYDRO-EXTRACTORS
HYDROGENATION REACTOR
SEE MIXEhS
SEE CRUSHERS. MILLS
SHELL ANU TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER            HE
SHELL ANL, TUBE CALANDRIA                 HE
GLASS COIL  IN GLASS SHELL EXCHANGER      HE
FLOATING HEAD TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER        HE
FIXED TUbE  SHEET TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER     HE
U-TUBE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER               HE
TANK HEATER - STEAM COIL                 HE
TANK HEATER - IMMERSION                  HE
JACKETED PIPE EXCHANGER                  HE
TANK SUCTION HEATER                      HE
TWIN SCRtW                               HE
THERMASCKEW (RIETZ) SINGLE SCREW         HE
TWIN SCREW  AGITATED AND JACKETED         HE
WASTE HEAT BOILER                        HE
CASCADE COOLER                           HE
PLATE COIL  HEADER TYPE SERPENTINE  TYPE   HE
DRIP COOLER                              HE
FIN TUBE EXCHANGER                       HE
AIR COOLnR                               HE
U-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER                    HE
SPIRAL TU8E HEAT EXCHANGER               HE
SPIRAL PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER              HE
SEE ALSO HEATING UNITS. EVAPORATORS.
  FURNACES. REFRIGERATION UNITS.
  CONDENSERS. FREEZERS. AIR CONDITIONING
  UNITS
SEE FURNaCES. HEATING UNITS. BOILERS.
• HEAT EXCHANGERS
HEAT EXCHANGER                           HE
CONDENSER                                C
REBOILER                                 PR
EVAPORATOR                               F
HIIPED FILM EVAPORATOR                    WFE
COOLING TOWER SYSTEM                     WTS
COOLING 10WER                            TW
HEATING UNIT                             HIJ
FREEZER                                  FR
FURNACE                                  FU
AIR COOLtR                               HE
REFRIGERATION UNIT                       RU
ALSO SEE DRYER. REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
SEE FURNACES. HEATING UNITS. HEAT
EXCHANGERS
UOWTHERM                                 HU
PROCESS HEATER TYPE HEATING UNIT         HU
SEE ALSO FURNACES
MULTI CYCLONE DUST COLLECTOR             DC

CYCLONE DUST COLLECTOR                   OC
MULTI CYCLONE OUST COLLECTOR             DC
WASHER                                   DC
SEE ALSO SCRUBBER
5-SPEED ELECTRIC HOIST WITH MOTOR
  DRIVE TROLLEY                          HO
HAND HOIST. PLAIN TROLLEY                HO
HAND HOIST. GEARED TROLLEY               HO
HAND HOIST. NO TROLLEY
SINGLE-SPEED ELECTRIC HOIST. NO TKOLLFY  HO
5-SPEED ELECTRIC HOIST. NO TROLLEY       HO
SEE ALSO CRANES
SEE VESSEL. TANK. BIN. DRUM
SEE MIXERS
SEE BIN. TANK. VESSEL. RECEIVER
SPARKLER FILTER                          F
VACUUM RECEIVER                          HT
JACKETED VACUUM RECIEVER                 HT
CYLINDRICAL VESSEL                       HT
SPHERE                                   VT
STORAGE TANK                             VT
SPHEROID                                 VT
SEE ALSO VESSELS. TANKS
PNEUMATIC CONVEYOR SYSTEM                CO
SEE CENTRIFUGALS
PACKED COLUMN                            TW
IMPACTORS
IMPELLERS
IMPREGNATORS
INCINERATION SYSTEM
SEE CRUSHERS. MILLS
SEE AGITATORS. MIXERS
SEE VESStLS
INCINERATOR
STACK
                                                                           I
                                                                           STK
                                                 175

-------
INCINERATORS
INTENSIFItRS
INTERCOOLERS
INERTIAL »ET COLLECTOR
ION EXCHANGERS
ION-EXCHANGE RESINS

ION RETARDATION UNITS
1SOMERIZATION REACTORS
ISOSTRIPPER
FAN                                     F.N
CONVEYOR                                CO
TANK
INCINERATOR                             I
MIXERS                                  MX
BLENDERS                                BL
KNEADERS                                K
SEE HEAT EXCHANGERS, AIR DRYERS
CENTRIFUGAL PRECIPITATOR DUST COLLECTOR DC
ANION TYPE ION EXCHANGER
HYDROGEN CYCLE CATION TYPE ION
  EXCHANGER                             IE
SODIUM CYCLE CATION TYPE ION EXCHANGER  IE
SEE ALSO PACKED COLUMNS, WATER TREAT-
  MENT SYSTEMS
PACKING                                 TW
SEE ALSO ION EXCHANGERSi PACKED COLUMS  -
SEE ION EXCHANGERS- REACTORS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
JACKETED REACTOR
JET VACUUM EQUIPMENT
REACTOR
EJECTORS
STEAM JET REFRIGERATION UNIT
                                                                           FJ
                                                                           RU
KETTLES

KILNS
KNEADERS
KNOCK-OUT DRUM


KYMER DIGESTER
SEE REACTORS, REbOlLERS
  CRYSTALLIZERS
SEE ROTARY DRYERS
STATIONARY, UPRIGHT DOUBLE-ARM KNEADER  K
TILTING, DOUBLE-ARM KNEADER             K
VACUUM, TILTING-TYPE DOUBLE-ARM KNEADER K
SEE ALSO BLENDERS, MIXERS
HORIZONTAL TANKS                        HT
VERTICAL TANKS                          VT
ALSO SEE VESSELS, TANKS
SEE REACTOR, VESSEL
LEACHERS
LOADER
SEE VESSELS, REACTORS
FEEUER
CONVEYOR
HOIST
ELEVATOR
                                                                           FE
                                                                           CO
                                                                           HO
                                                                           FL
MAIN COLUMN
MAIN FRACTIONATORS
MAKE-UP AIR UNITS
MAKEUP COMPRESSOR
MANCOOLERb
MASTICATORS
MECHANICAL COLLECTOR
METERING PUMP

METHANATOKS
MICRON1ZERS
MIX-COOKES

MILLS
MIXERS
MULTI-STAGE PUMP

MULLEHS
SEE TOWERS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
SEE BLOWERS, FANS, COMPRESSORS
COMPRESSORS
SEE FANS, AIR CONDITIONING UNITS
SEE MIXERS, AGITATORS, BLENDERS
DUST COLLECTOR                          DC
PUMP                                    P
GEAR PUMP                               RP
SEE TOWERS, COLUMNS, VESSELS, REACTORS  -
SEE MILLS, CRUSHERS
SEE DRUM DRYER, DRYER, MIXER,
  TURBO DRYING SYSTEM
ATTRITION MILL                          M
SWING HAMMER MILL                       M
MIKRO-PUUVERIZER                        "
ROLLER MILL                             M
BALL MILL                               M
HAMMER MILL                             M
SEE ALSO CRUSHERS
SIGMA MIXER
FIXED PROPELLER MIXER
PORTABLE PROPELLER MIXER
EXTRUDER-STEEL CYLINDRICAL VARIABLE     MX
  DRIVE
EXTRUDER-MULLER                         MX
SPIRAL RIBBON MIXER                     MX
TWO-ROLL MIXER                          MX
PAN MIXER                               MX
AGITATED OPEN TANK                      AOT
AGITATED PRESSURE TANK                  APT
ROTARY BLENDER                          BL
RI'BBON BLENDER                          RL
BLENDER                                 PL
SEE ALSO BLENDERS,KNEADERS, AGITATORS
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP                        CP
PUMP                                    P
SEE MIXEHS
              176

-------
                                      N
NEUTRALIZtRS
NITRATORS
NODUL1ZERS
SEE M1XEKS'  VESSELS.  REACTORS
  REINFORCED CONCRETE ITEM
SEE VESSELS' REACTORS
SEE KILNS
OXIUIZEH
                                    SEE  REACTORS'  VESSELS'  COLUMNS'  TOWERS  -
PACKAGING EQUIPMENT

PACKAGING MACHINES

PACKED COLUMN
PACKERS
PACKING

PANS

PANEL FILTER
PASTEURIZtRS

PELLETIZEKS
PERCOLATOKS
PILOT-SCALE EQUIPMENT
PIPELINE REACTOR
PLATE COILS
PLATE TOWER
PNEUMATIC CONVEYOR SYSTEMS

POLYMERIZtR
POTS
POWER RECOVERY TURBINES

PREBREAKERS
PREC1PITATORS
PREHEAT FURNACE
PREHEATERS
PRESSES
PRESCRUBbLR
PRESSURE FILTER

PRIMARY CLARIFIER
PROCESS COOLERS

PROCESS HEATER
PROCESSORS
PRODUCT PUMP
PRODUCT TrtNK
PROPANE ACCUMULATORS
PULP DIGESTER
PUMPS
PUMPING STATION


PUMPING SYSTEMS


PURIFIERS


PURIFICATION SYSTEM
VOLUME BAGGER                           °KG
WEIGHT B,,6GER                           PKG
BAGGING MACHINE PACKED BY  WEIGHT        PKG
BAGGING MACHINE PACKED BY  WEIGHT        "KG
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
SEE PACKAGING EQUIPMENT
SEE UNDER SPECIFIC ITEM                 TW
SEE ALSO PACKED COLUMNS. ION  EXCHANGERS -
PAN MIXER                               MX
HAN DRYER                               0
CLOTH BAY OUST COLLECTOR                nc
AUTOCLAVES                              ^PT
SEE ALSO VESSELS' REACTORS
ROTARY KNIFE CUTTEK                     CU
SEE VESSELS' REACTuRS
SEE UNDER SPECIFIC ITEM
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER            HF
ALSO SEE TUBULAR REACTORt  HEAT
  EXCHANbER' REACTOR
PLATE COIL HEAT EXCHANGER               HE
TRAY TOWER                              TW
PNEUMATIC CONVtYINo SYSTEM              CO
SEE ALSO FANS' COMPRESSORS! YARD PIPE
AGITATED PRESSURE TANK                  KPT
WIPED FILM EVAPORATOR                   WFE
ALSO SEE REACTOR. TUBULAR  REACTOR
SEE VESSELS' REACTURS. TANKS. DRUMS
TURblNE                                 TUR
ELECTRICAL GENERATOR                    FG
SEE CRUSHERS. MILLS
SEE TANKS' THICKENERS
SEE FURNHCES. HEATING UNITS
SEE HEATtRS
HYDRAULIC. PRESS                         PR
SEE SCRUbBER
FILTER                                  F
ALSO SEE SEPARATOR
THICKENEK                               T
SEE HEAT EXCHANGERS. COOLING  TOWER
  SYSTEMS
HEAT EXCHANGER                          HE
FURNACE                                 FU
HEATING UNIT                            HU
SEE REACTORS' DRYING SYSTEMS
SEE PUMP
SEE TANK. VESSEL' RECEIVER
SEE ACCUMULATORS
SEE REACTOR' VESSEL
RECIPROCATING - SIMPLEX. STEAM DRIVE     P
RECIPROCATING - UUPLEX STEAM  DRIVE      P
TRIPLEX OR PLUNGER MOTOR DRIVE          P
DIAPHRAGM TFE TYPE  SLURRY TYPE         P
ROTARY PUMP                             P
GEAR PUMP                               P
SEE ALSO GEAR PUMPS. CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS'
  VACUUM PUMPS. FANS
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP                        CP
PUMP                                    P
PUMPING STATION                         WTS
PUMPING STATIONS                        WTS
SEE ALSO PUMPS. CENTRIFUGAL
  PUMPS
SEE DUST COLLECTORS. FILTERS' CENT-
  RIFUGEb, DRYING SYSTEMS' DISTILL-
  ATION SYSTEMS
FILTER                                  F
CENTRIFUGE                              CT
DUST COLLECTOR                          OC
ALSO SEE SEPARATOR
                                                 177

-------
RAFFII^TE
RAILROAD TANK CARS
REACTION VESSEL

REACTORS
REbOILERS


RECEIVER
RECYCLE CLAHIFIER
REFRIGERANT CONDENSER
REACTION SYSTEMS
REACTORS
RECYCLE COMPRESSOR
REFQRMtRS
REFRIGERATION MACHINERY
REFRIGERATION UNITS
REGENERATORS

REHEATER
REPULPING VESSELS
RESIN

RETORTS
REVERSt OSMOSIS SYSTEM

RISER CRACKERS
ROASTERS
ROLLERS
ROTARY DRYERS
ROASTERS
ROTARY VACUUM FILTER SYSTEM
ROTATING DRYER


ROTARY VACUUM SYSTEM
SEE FUKN,.CES. HE»TING UNITS
CHLORINE TYPE TANK CAR                  RTC
SEE REACTOR i  VESSEL.
AGITATED OPEN TANK                      ftOT
FLUIDIZEL BED SINGLE STAGE REACTOR      R
FLUIDIZEU BED DOUBLE STAGE REACTOR      R
AGITATED PRESSURE TANK                  «PT
MIXER                                   MX
ALSO SEE REACTOR. VESSEL
KETTLE TYPE RE60ILER                    HE
U-TUBE RtBOILER                         HE
SEE ALSO HEAT EXCHANGERS. EVAPORATORS
HORIZONTAL PRESSURE VESSEL              HT
VERTICAL PRESSURE VESSEL                VT
ALSO SEE VESSEL. TANK. DRUM
VlBRATIMb SCREEN                        VS
HEAT EXCHANGER                          HE
REFRIGERATION UNIT                      RU
AIR COOLtR                              HF
AIR CONDITIONING U.'lIT                   *CU
SEE REACTORS. DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
REACTOR                                 APT
AUTOCLAVE                               APT
HORIZONTAL CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE VESSEL  HT
VERTICAL CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE VESSEL    VT
TRAY TOWLR                              T«
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
JACKETED HORIZONTAL VACUUM VESSEL       HT
JACKETED VERTICAL VACUUM  VESSEL         VT
/sGITATED PRESSURE VESSEL                APT
AGITATED OPEN TANK                      AOT
COMPRESSORS
REFORMER FURNACE                        FU
REFRIGERATION UNIT                      RU
AIR CONDITIONING UNIT                   ACU
FREEZER                                 FR
MECHANICAL COMPRESSION UNIT             RU
STEAM JtT REFRIGERATION UNIT            RU
CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSION UNIT            RU
SEE ALSO FREEZERS* AIR CONOITIONU4G
  UNITS               ,
SEE HEAT EXCHANGERS. VESSELS' REACTORS.
  EVAPORATORS" BOILERS
SEE HEATER
SEE AGITATED VESSELS
PACKING                                 TW
ION EXCHANGER                           IE
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS. REACTORS
HORIZONTAL PRESSURE VESSEL              HT
ALSO SEE PUMP' TUBULAR REACTOR. VFSSEL  -
SEE CRACKERS
SEE KILNS. DRYERS. REACTORS
SEE MIXERS
DIRECT ROTARY DRYER                     RD
BATCH ROTARY VACUUrt DRYER               r>D
INDIRECT ROTARY DRYER                   RD
SEE ALSO DRUM ORYEKS. FLAKERS. TURBO
  DRYING SYSTEMS. L.RYERS
SEE DRYING SYSTEMS
ROTARY VACUUM FILTtK                    F
VACUUM PUMP                             VP
EJECTOR                                 FJ
ALSO SEE RECEIVER. VESSEL
ROTARY DRYER                            RD
DRUM DRYLR                              DO
ALSO SEE DRYER
SEE ROTARY VACUUM FILTER SYSTEM
SAFETY EQUIPMENT
SAMPLING PUMP
SCALES
SCALPEKS
SCRAPER KETTLES
SCREEN CLOTH FILTLR
SCREEN
SCHEW DRYERS
SCREW HEATERS
SEE UNDER SPECIFIC  ITEM
SEE PUMP
TANK SCALE                               S
SEE VIBRATING SCREENS
SEE REACTORS
ROTARY VACUUM FILTtR                     F
ROTARY DRUM FILTER                       F
ROTARY DISK FILTER                       F
PLATE AND FRAME FILTER PRESS             F
ALSO SEE ROTARY VACUUM FILTER  SYSTEM
VIBRATING SCREEN                         VS
SEE SCREW HEATERS
ONE SCREW THERMASCREW                    HE
                                                  178

-------
 SCRUBBERS
 SCRUBBING  TOWER
 SECONDARY  CLARIFIER
 SEPARATORS
SETTLERS


SEPARATION  VESSELS
SETTLING TANK


SEWAGE PUMP


SEWAGE TREATING EQUIPMENT
SHIFT CONVERTERS
SHREDDERS
SILOS
SILO HOPPtR


SIMPLE CYCLONE
SINGLE-STAGE ELECTRICAL PRECIP-
   ITATOR
SIZE REDUCTION EQUIPMENT
SOFTENERS
SOLVENT RECOVERY EQUIPMENT
SPARE PUMP
SPHERES


SPRAY CHAMBER


SPRAY CHAMBER WET COLLECTOR
SPARY MIXERS
"SPRAY TOWER
SPREADERS
STABILIZED
STACKS
STAR FEEDER
STATIONS
STEAM HEATING SYSTEM


STEAM PLANT
STERILIZERS
STILLS
STIRRED VESSEL
STRIPPtRS
SUuLIMERS
SUCTION DKUM
SULFONATION REACTOR


SULFONATOKS
SUMPS
SUPERHEATERS
SURGE BIN
SURGE HOPPER
SWING REACTOR
TWO SCREH THERMASCREW                   HE
SCREW CONVEYOR                          CO
WASHERS                                 OC
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
SEE ALSO PACKING                        TW
TRAY TOWER                              TW
ALSO SEE VESSEL
SEE SCRUBBER
SEE CLARIFIER
VIBRATING SCREENS                       VS
FILTERS                                 c
DUST COLLECTORS                         DC
THICKENER                               T
EXTRACTOR                               FX
VIBRATING SCREEN                        VS
ALSO SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEM' DRYER
SEE CLARIFIERS' FILTERS. DUST COLL-
  ECTORS/ TANKS, VESSELS
SEE VESSELS
THICKENER                               T
ALSO SEE VESSEL
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP                        CP
ALSO SEE PUMP
SEE UNDER SPECIFIC ITEM
SEE COLUMNSr REACTORS• VESSELS
SEE CRUSHERS. MILLS. CUTTERS
SEE VESSELS
LIGHT GAGE VERTICAL TANK                VT
VERTICAL STORAGE VESSEL                 VT
CYCLONE UU5T COLLECTOR                  DC
LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATOR
  DUST COLLECTOR                        DC
 HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATOR
 DUST COLLECTOR                         DC
SEE CRUSHERS. MILLS. CUTTERS, KNEADERS  -
WATER SOFTENING SYSTEMS                 WTS
ION EXCHANGERS                          IE
PACKING                                 TW
COOLING TOWER SYSTEM                    WTS
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
COOLING TOWER                           TW
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS. DRYERS.
  HEAT EXCHANGERS. TRAY DRYING SYSTEMS,
  DRUM DKYERS, FILTERS
PUMP                                    P
SPHERE                                  VT
SPHERIOO                                VT
WASHER DUST COLLECTOR                   DC
ALSO SEE SCRUBBER. VESSEL
WASHER DUST COLLECTOR                   OC
SEE MIXEKS
WASHER OUST COLLECTOR                   DC
SEE ALSO REACTORS. VESSELS
COOLING TOWER SYSTtM                    WTS
COOLING TOWER                           TW
PACKED COLUMN       I                   TW
ALSO SEE SCRUBBER. VESSEL
SEE CENTRIFUGALS
SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS
STACK                                   STK
ROTARY FEEDER                           FE
PUMPING STATION                         WTS
tiOILER                                  WTS
EVAPORATOR                              E
WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM                  WTS
AUTOCLAVES                              APT
STILL                                   WTS
AGITATED OPEN TANK                      AOT
REACTOR
AGITATED PRESSURE TANK                  APT
THICKENER                               T
AGITATOR                                AG
SEE COLUMNS. TOWERS, DISTILLATION
  SYSTEMS
TURBO TRAY DRYER                        TDS
VACUUM RECEIVER - HORIZONTAL            HT
VACUUM RtCEIVER -VERTICAL               VT
ALSO SEE VESSELS. REACTORS. DRUMS
AGITATED TANK                           APT
ALSO SEE VESSEL. TUBULAR REACTOR
bEE REACTORS, VESStLS
SEE VESSELS
BOILER                                  WTS
SEE BIN
SEE VESSLLS
SEE REACTORS
                                                 179

-------
TANK                               STORAGE TANK                             VT
                                   HORIZONTAL TANK                          HT
                                   VERTICAL TANK                            VT
                                   ALSO SEE BIN' URUMr VESSEL* RECEIVER
TEXTUKIZLKS                        SEE MIXEKS
THERMO-COMPKEbbORS                 SEE COMPRESSORS
THICKENERb                         CONTINUOUS SINGLE COMPARTMENT THICKENER  T
                                   DOU13LE COMPARTMENT THICKENER             T
TOPING SECTION                     SEE DISTILLATION SYSTEM
TRAY DRYING SYSTEMS                TURBO DRYER SYSTEM                       TDS
                                   BATCH TRAY TYPE URYLR                    TDS
                                   BATCH TYPE TRAY URYER                    TDS
                                   ATMOSPHERIC TRAY DRYER                   TDS
                                   SEE ALSO DRYERS> DRUM DRYERS) ROTARY
                                     DKYERS
TREATING TO«iERb                    SEE TOWERS
TUBULAR CLOTH FILTEK               CLOTH BAY DUST COLLECTOR                 OC
                                   AUTOMATIC CLOTH UUbT COLLECTOR           DC
                                                 180

-------
 TUBES
 TUMBLERS
 TUBULAR RtACTOR
 TUMBLE BURNER
 TUMBLE DRYER
 TURBINES
 TURBO-COMPRESSORS
 TURBO DRYING SYSTEM

 TOWERS
 TWO-STAGE ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATOR
 SEE HEAT EXCHANGERS,  EVAPORATORS
 SEE MILLS,  MIXERS,  KNEAOERS,
   BLENOEkS
 HEAT EXCHANGER                          HE
 EVAPORATOR                               F:
 WIPED FILM  EVAPORATOR                   WFE
 CRYSTALLIZER                             CRY
 ROTARY DrtYER                             RD
 ROTARY DHYER                             RO
 GAS TURBINE                             TUR
 SINGLE STAGE  STEAM  TURBINE
   CONDENSING  TYPE                       TUR
 SINGLE STAGE  STEAM  TURBINE
   NON-CONDENSING TYPE
 SEE ALSO ELECTRICAL GENERATOR UNITS
 SEE TURBINES,  COMPRESSORS
 TURBO DRYER SYSTEM                       TDS
 SEE ALSO TRAY  DRYING  SYSTEMS
 PACKED TOWER                             TW
 COOLING TOWER                            TW
 OUBBLE-CHP  TRAY  TO«ER                   TW
 TURBO GRID  TRAY  TOwER                   TW
 SIEVE TKhY  TOWER                        TW
 WASHERS                                 DC
 SEE ALSO VESSELS, COLUMNS
 LOW-VOLT,,GE ELECTRICAL  PRECIPITATOR
   DUST COLLECTOR                        OC
 HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATOR
   DUST COLLECTOR                        nc
 ULTRAFILTKATION SYSTEM
 UNLOADERS
 UREA REACTOR
                                      U
                                                OSMOSIS
SEE REVEKSE OSMOSIS  SYSTEM
SEE CONVtYORS,  ELEVATORS
CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE VESSEL
PACKING
ALSO SEE  PACKED COLUMN, VESSEL
                                                                             VT
                                                                             TW
 VACUUM CONVEYING SYSTEMS



 VACUUM EJECTOR SYSTEMS


 VACUUM PUMPS





 VACUUM SYSTEM





 VAPORIZERS
 VENT STACK
'VERTICAL TANKS
 VESStLS
PNEUMATIC CONVEYING  SYSTEM
SEE ALSO COMPRESSORS, FANS,  VACUUM
  PUMPS
EJECTORS                                 CJ
STEAM JET REFRIGERATION UNIT            RU
MECHANICAL VACUUM PUMP                   VP
WATER-SEALED 20  IN HG VACUUM PUMP        VP
OIL-SEALED VACUUM PUMP                   VP
MECHANICAL BOOSTER VACUUM PUMP           VP
SEE ALSO PUMPS,  GEAR PUMPS
HORIZONTAL VACUUM RECEIVER               HT
VERTICAL VACUUM  RECEIVER                 VT
VACUUM PUMP                              VP
EJECTOR                                  FJ
CONDENSEK                                r.
EVAPORATORS                              F
HEAT EXCHANGERS                          HF
WIPED FILM EVAPORATORS                   WFE
FURNACE                                  FU
HEATING UNIT                             nu
STACK                                    <;TK
VACUUM RECEIVER                          VT
CYLINDERICAL VERTICAL TANK               VT
SPHERIOO                                 VT
SPHERE                                   VT
ASME CODE CYLINDRICAL VESSEL            VT
ATMOSPHERIC STORAGE TANK                 VT
CONE ROOF TANK                           VT
OPEN TOP TANK                            VT
LIGHT GAGE TANK                          VT
GAS HOLDtR                               VT
JACKETED VACUUM  RECEIVER                 VT
JACKETED                                 VT
SILO HOPPER                              VT
CONICAL TANK                             VT
CONE ROOF TANK                           VT
STORAGE TANK                             VT
LIFTER T,,NK                              VT
FLOATING ROOF TANK                       VT
SEE ALSO VESSELS, AGITATED VESSELS
VERTICAL TANKS                           VT
HORIZONTAL TANKS                         MT
AGITATED OPEN TANKS                      AOT
AGITATED PRESSURE TANKS                  APT
TRAY TOWtRS                              TW
PACKED COLUMNS                           TW
ION EXCHANGERS                           IE
WASHERS                                  DC
REACTOR                                  R
SPHERIOO                                 VT
              181

-------
VIBRATING SCREENS
VIBRATORY SEPARATOR
SPHERE                                  VT
THICKENERS                              T
SEE ALSO REACTORS' FIELD ERECTED
  VESSELS' DRYERS.' FILTERS/ SCRUBBERS
SINGLE DECK VlbRATlNG SCREEN            VS
DOUBLE DECK VIBRATING SCREEN            VS
TRIPLE DLCK VIBRATING SCREEN            VS
SEE ALSO SEPARATORS
VIBRATING SCREEN                        VS
VIBRATING CONVEYOR                      CO
ALSO SEE SEPARATOR
WASHERS
WASTE RECOVERY/TREATING UNITS
WATER CONDITIONING SYSTEM
WATER CONDITIONING/TREATING UNITS
WATER POLLUTION EQUIPMENT
HATER SOFTENING SYSTEM
WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS
WEAK BASE-STRONG bASE ANION1C
WEIGHING SYSTEM
WEIGH SCALES
WETTED-WALL COLUMNS
WIPED FILM EVAPORATORS
WASHERS                                 HC
SEE ALSO SCRUBBERS
SEE UNDER SPECIFIC ITEM
WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM                  WTS
ION EXCHANGER                           IE
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
PACKING                                 TW
AIR CONDITIONING UNIT                   ACU
AIR DRYEH                               AD
WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS                 WTS
SEE UNDER SPECIFIC ITEM
WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM                  WTS
ION EXCHANGER                           IE
PACKING                                 TW
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
ALSO SEE PI^IP
DEMINERALIZING SYSTEM                   WTS
SOFTENING TREATMENT SYSTEM              WTS
FILTERING TREATMENT                     WTS
PUMPING STATION                         WTS
WATER STILL                             WTS
STEAM BOILER                            WTS
PACKAGED BOILER UNIT                    WTS
FIELD ERECTED bOILtR UNIT               WTS
COOLING TOWER SYSTEM                    WTS
SEE ALSO UNDER SPECIFIC  ITEM
ION EXCHANGER                           IE
SCALE                                   S
CONVEYOR                                CO
FEEDER                                  FE
SCALES                                  S
EVAPORATOR            ,'                  E
PACKED COLUMN                           TW
WIPED FILM EVAPORATOR                   WFE
AGITATED THIN FILM EVAPORATOR           WFE
AGITATED THIN FILM EVAPORATOR  - PACK-
  ED SYSTEM                             WFE
SEE ALSO EVAPORATORS' DRUM DRYERS'
  FLAKERS
                                                 182

-------



COMMON EQUIPMENT XTLM
MODUL.E NAME
AIR COMPRESSOR
AIR COMPRESSOR
AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
AIR DRYER
AGITATED OPEN TANK
AGITATED PRESSURE TANK
AERATION SYSTEM
BLENDER
BLENDER
CONDENSER
CONVEYOR
CRANE
APRON CONVEYOR
ROLLER CONVENOR
PNEUMATIC CONVEYING SYSTEM
BUCKET CONVEYOR
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
CRUSHER
CRYSTALLIZER
CRYSTALLI2ER
CENTRIFUGE
CENTRIFUGE
CUTTER
DRYER
DRYER
DUST COLLECTOR
DRY CAUSTIC PEELER
DRUM DRYER
EVAPORATOR
EVAPORATOR
ELECTRODIALYSIS
ELECTRIC GENERATOR
ELECTRIC GENERATOR
EJECTOR
ELEVATOR
EQUALIZATION SYSTEM
EXTRACTOR
FILTER
FILTER
FEEDER
FEEDER
FEEDER
FLAKER
FLOATATION MACHINE
FAN
FREEZER
FURNACE
GEAR PUMP
HOT AIR BLANCHER
HEAT EXCHANGER
ELECTRICAL HEATER
HOIST
HORIZONTAL TANK
HEATING UNIT
INCINERATOR
IMPRESSED VOLTAGE SYSTEM
ION EXCHANGER
KNEADER
LAGOON SYSTEM
MILL
MILL
MIXER
MIXER
PUMP
PUMP
PACKAGING MACHINE
PRESS
REACTOR
ROTARY DRYER
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
RAILROAD TANK CAR
REFRIGERATION UNIT
SUBMERGED COMBUSTION SYSTEM
SEDIMENTATION SYSTEM
STACK
THICKENER
TRICKLING FILTER
TRAY TOWER
COOLING TOWER
PACKED COLUMN
ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM
VACUUM PUMP
VIBRATING SCREEN
VERTICAL TANK
WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
STEAM BOILER
WATER STILL
APPENDIX G
DATA SHEET INDEX
.


! DATA
DETERMINING ECONOMIC PARAMETER JSHEFT
: DESCRIPTION
INLLT CAPACITY
DRIVER POWER
CAPACITY
POWER
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
OVERALL CAPACITY
CAPACITY
DRIVER POWER
CAPACITY
WATER RATE
LENGTH
CAPACITY
LENGTH
LENGTH
OVt-KALL SYSTEM LENGTH
LtNGTH
FLOWRATE AND HEAD
FLOWRATE
FLOWRATE
LENGTH
DRIVER POWER
BOwL DIAMETER
DRIVER POWER
EVAPORATION RATE
HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE
INLET CAPACITY
PRODUCT FLOWRATE
HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE
CAPACITY
HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
FLOWRATE
LIFT
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
DIAMETER
FILTRATION AREA
FLOWRATE
SIZE
FLOWRATE
SUKFACE AREA
CAPACITY
FLOtfKATE
CAPACITY
HEAT TRANSFER DUTY
FLOWRATE
CAPACITY
HEAT TRANSFER AREA
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
TOTAL CAPACITY
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
TOTAL CAPACITY
RESIN VOLUME
CAPACITY
DESIGN FLOW
PRODUCT CAPACITY
DRIVER POWER
PRODUCT CAPACITY
DRIVER POWER
DRIVER POWER
FLOWRATE
BAGGING RATE
AREA
DIAMETER
HEAT TRANSFER AREA
FLOWRATE
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
LENGTH
DIAMETER
CAPACITY
DIAMETER AND NO. TRAYS
FLOWRATE
DIAMETER AND HEIGHT
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
AREA
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
CAPACITY
: UNITS : NO.
CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE AC-1
tIRAKE HORSEPOWER AC-1
IONS HCU-1
HORSEPOWER ACU-1
CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE AD-t
GALLONS AOT-I
GALLONS /IPT-1
MILLIONS GALLONS/DAY AS-I
HORSEPOWER BL-t
CUBIC FEET RL-1
GALLONS PER MINUTE C-l
FtET CO-1
TONS CE-)
FEET co--?
FEET co--;
FEET CO-7
FEET CO-9
GALLONS/MINUTE - FEET CP-I
TONS PER DAY CR-1
TONS PER DAY CRY-1
FEET CRY-1
HORSEPOWER CT-1
INCHES CT-1
HORSEPOWER CU-1
POUNDS WATER PER HOUR D-l
SQUARE FEET D-l
CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE DC-1
TONS PER HOUR ncp-i
SQUARE FEET DD-1
GALLONS E-l
SQUARE FEET E-l
GALLONS PER MINUTE ED-1
KILLOWATTS EG-1
KILLOVOLT-AMPHERF.S EG-t
POUNDS AIR PER HOUR EJ-1
FEET EL-1
MILLIONS GALLONS/DAY ES-1
GALLONS PER MINUTE EX-1
INCHES F-1
SQUARE FEET F-1
CUBIC FEET PER HOUR FE-1
NUMBER FE-1
POUNDS PER HOUR FE-1
SQUARE FEET FL-1
CUBIC FEET FM-1
CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE FN-1
CUBIC FEET FR-1
MILLIONS BTU PER HOUR FU-l
GALLONS PER MINUTE GP-1
bTU PER HOUR HAB-1
SOUARE FEET HE-I
MLLOWATTS HE-3
TONS HO-1
GALLONS HT-1
MILLION BTU PER HOUR HU-I
POUNDS SOLIDS PER HOUR 1-1
GALLONS IVS-1
CUBIC FEET IE-1
GALLONS K-l
MILLIONS GALLONS/DAY LS-1
TONS PER DAY M-l
HORSEPOWER M-l
CUBIC FEET MX-1
HORSEPOWER MX-1
HORSEPOWER P-l
GALLONS PER MINUTE P-l
BAGS PER MINUTE PKG-1
SQUARE FEET P-l
FEET R-l
SQUARE FEET RD-I
GALLONS PER MIMUTE ROS-1
GALLONS RTC-1
TONS RU-t
MILLION BTU PER HOUR SCS-1
MILLION GALLONS/DAY SS-1
FEET STK-1
FEET T-l
GALLONS PER MINUTE TF-1
FEET TW-1
GALLONS PER MINUTE TW-3
FEET TW-5
GALLONS PER MINUTE US-1
CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE VP-1
SQUARE FEET VS-1
GALLONS VT-1
GALLONS PER MINUTE WTS-1
POUNDS STEAM PER HOUR WTS-3
GALLONS PER DAY WTS-5
                                                             183
»US  GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.  1973-546-309/63

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SELECTED WATER
RESOURCES ABSTRACTS

INPUT TRANSACTION FORM
                                             f. Rep/  tNo.
                       w
         Capital and Operating  Costs  of Pollution Control
         Equipment Modules,  Data  Manual (Volume II)
           Herbert G. Blecker,  Theodore W.  Cadman
             ICARUS Corporation
             Silver Spring, MD
12. Sponsori
                        5,

                        e.
                                                                   PfTfarmmf Oigitt!fstioa
                                                                   Report Kir,
                                                                      21AQJ
                                                                    68-01-0717

                                                                13-  Type{ ' Repor jnd
                                                                    Period Covered
                   Environmental  Protection Agency,
                   report number,  EPA-R5-73-023b, July 1973.
          This Data Manual presents,  in convenient graphical and tabular form,
    cost information for  installed  equipment item modules on separate data
    sheets.  Each data sheet  conforms to a uniform style providing information
    on the specific item  and  adjustments to atypical installation, construction,
    or design.  The methodology  used  in developing this data and the techniques
    suggested for its use are described in detail in the companion User Guide.
    rJe=cn;to«*Cost Analysis,  *Costs,  *Pollution Abatement, Cost Comparisons,  Economics,
    Annual Costs, Construction  Costs,  Operating Costs, Estimated Costs,  Manuals,
    *Engineers Estimates,  *Data Collections
                        J$S S*etf*fty £*•*»».'
                           (R*t>t>rt)

                        SO,  Security Class,
21. "tfo. ff -
   Pages

22. Price
Send To:
WATER RESOURCES SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CENTER
US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
WASHINGTON. D  C 2O24O
          Fred H. Abel
     Environmental Protection  Agency

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