MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF
                     research grant
                      111-00539
                     Johns Hopkins
                      Uniuersity

-------

-------
              MATHEMATICAL    MODELING

                  OF SOLID WASTE  COLLECTION  POLICIES



                           Volumes  1 and 2
           This final report  (SW-lrg)  on work performed under

     Research Grant No.  UI-00539  to  the  Johns Hopkins University

was written by MARCUS M. TRUITT,  JON C.  LIEBMAN,  and CORNELIUS W. KRUSE

        and has been reproduced as received from  the grantee.
                   Environmental  P-— -•-  +•
                   Library,  L "   V^?Ctl
                   1  North'vfoo^i.'••-»<>
                   Chicago,  IllinoisV60606

           U.S.  DEPARTMENT  OF HEALTH,  EDUCATION, AND WELFARE
               Public    Health   Service
                     Environmental  Health Service
                   Bureau of Solid Waste Management
                                 1970

-------
Public  Health Service Publication No.  2030
   ENVIRONMENTAL FKCIUCTICN AGEi«v-
   For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
                Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price $2.25

-------
                                    FOREWORD

       THE OBJECTIVE of  the Bureau of Solid Waste Management  is  to  aid  in
       developing economic and efficient  solid waste management  practices.
       As authorized under the Solid Waste Disposal Act  (Public  Law 89-272),
       the Bureau has made almost  100 solid waste research grants to non-
       profit  institutions in this effort to stimulate and accelerate the
—     development of new or  improved ways for handling  the Nation's
^y     discarded solids.  The present document reports on work completed
       under one of these research grants.  Received in  two volumes  from
       the grantee, the  report is published herein as a  single book;  other
^     than a  new cover, title page, and  this foreword,  the report  is
 !      reproduced exactly as  received from the grantee.
^y
 i
f"-     To predict results of  proposed changes in an existing municipal
fv,.
 *-.     solid wastes collection system, mathematical simulation models were
or)
i**"     devised by the grantee.  Such models, as described  in the first
^     volume  of this report, would be applicable for comparing  costs of
       collection in other locations.  The second volume is a guide  that
       shows how the models can be used as an aid to decision making  for
       solid waste management.

       The models were tested successfully by the grantee to predict  the
       results of changes in  the study system, thereby verifying promising
       applicability to other systems.  We hope that the mathematical models,
       as well as the information given on their use, will be helpful to
       those who must develop, fund, and operate efficient waste collection
       systems.
                                        --RICHARD D. VAUGHAN, Director
                                        Bureau of Solid  Waste Management
                                      111

-------

-------
VOLUME

-------

-------
                              ABSTRACT







Extensive observation was made of refuse collection  in urban residential




areas in the city of Baltimore and its environs. All data were collected





in the context of a classification of four neighborhood types of household





densities.







Three models were prepared in FORTRAN  IV for simulation of refuse





collection systems on an IBM 7094 computer. Data within the models





can be easily changed so as to allow other cities'  system characteristics




to be substituted for the Baltimore data .







                               Model 1
Model 1  simulated many trucks collecting in an urban neighborhood which





had household densities per acre defined within certain limits.  Model





response  of major interest was the number of household units which could




be serviced by a collection truck in an eight hour day.  Runs were made




for different combinations of haul distances, neighborhood densities,




collection frequencies, sizes of trucks, and seasons.







                               Model 2
Model 2 was similar to Model 1 with one major policy difference between





the two models:  Model 2 policy assigns a definite number of households to
                                Vll

-------
each  truck as the day's task;  completion of the task is the operational





policy rather than working an eight hour day.  Response  of major interest





is unit cost of the operation for combinations of different collection fre-




quencies, neighborhood types, and haul  distances. Sensitivity of response





was noted for changes in size of daily task assignment.







                               Model 3





Model 3 simulates a more complex, more realistic system operating under





an assigned task policy in a large urban area of many residential subareas,




each definable in one of the four household density classifications.







As initial action, Model 3 calculates the number of daily routes in each





subarea; this is a function of subarea  neighborhood type, collection fre-




quency, and haul distance.  It then assigns trucks by number to subareas





by days of the week .







It then simulates collection for a six-day week in the entire area and




prints a resume of the week's activities.   The model is  structured  for




semiweekly or triweekly collection frequencies, and can simulate a




system with or without a transfer station.  Different locations for final




disposal  sites or transfer  stations can be cost  investigated and so compared .
                                Vlll

-------
Many runs were made in this study with the northwest quadrant of Baltimore





as the area for which the collection activity was simulated.  The response




of major interest was always unit cost in dollars per ton for the many com-





binations of policies and affecting variables.










                            Specific  Results





A  refuse collection simulation model,  Model 3, was built  which has the





potential  to operate realistically under most system policies and urban





environmental conditions.   Runs with this model  indicated:




I . An increase in collection frequency from semiweekly to triweekly in




   the northwest quadrant  of Baltimore would increase costs approximately





   Sl:00 per ton.





2. In this northwest  Baltimore area, eight miles is critical  haul  distance





   above which a transfer  station is justified.
                               IX

-------

-------
                       TABLE OF CONTENTS





                                                            Page







Chapter 1    Introduction                                       1





Chapter 2    A Survey of Pertinent Literature                    13





Chapter 3    The Policies and Structures of Models  1 and 2       25





Chapter 4    Results from Models I and 2                        50





Chapter 5    The Policies and Structure of Model 3              76





Chapter 6    Results from Model 3                             1 15




Chapter 7    Conclusions and Summary                         135







Appendix A  Data from the City of Baltimore                   153




Appendix B   Data other than Baltimore                         185




Appendix C  Data Gathering Forms                            190





Appendix D  Cost Calculations for Semiweekly and




             Triweekly Collection,  Chapter 4                 192




Appendix E   Results from Model 3                             204







Bibliography                                                 217
                               XI

-------
                    TABLE OF  ILLUSTRATIONS
Number
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
Title
General Schematic of Models 1 and 2
Interaction of Model 1 and 2 Subroutines
Logic Flow of DATMAK Subroutine
Logic Flow of TRAFIC Subroutine
Logic Flow of COLECT Subrout ine. Model 1
Logic Flow of COLECT Subroutine, Model 2
Logic Flow of CINERA Subroutine, Model 1
Logic Flow of CINERA Subroutine, Model 2
Household Units Serviced Daily
Gross Acres Serviced Daily
Sensitivity of Model 2 Results to Random
Number Sequences
Sensitivity of Model 2 Results to Seasonal Effects
Collection Costs for Semiweekly Collections
Collection Costs for Triweekly Collections
Summary of Collection Costs by Neighborhood
Page
34
35
43
44
45
46
47
48
53
55
57
59
63
63

            Types                                           64

4-8         Summary of Costs of Semiweekly and Triweekly
            Collection                                       65

4-9         Percentage of Time Spent in Different  Crew
            Activities                                       70
                              XI1

-------
                 TABLE  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)


 Number                Title                                  Page

 4-10        Variance of Unit Costs with Size of Daily
             Task Assignment                                    74

 4-11        Number of Trucks on Overtime versus Daily
             Task Assignment                                    75

 5-i          General Schematic of Model 3                       91

 5-2         Interaction of Model 3 Subroutines                   94

 5-3         Logic of TRAFIC Subroutine, Model 3              101

 5-4         Logic of COLECT Subroutine, Model 3             102

 5-5         Logic of DSPOSL Subroutine, Model  3              103

 5-6         Logic of RIGOUT Subroutine, Model 3             106

 5-7         Logic of RIGBAK Subroutine, Model  3              107

 6-1          Sketch of Northwest Quadrant of Baltimore
             Served by One  Transfer Station                     117

 6-2         Costs versus Haul Distance for Northwest
             Baltimore with and without a Transfer Station        126

 6-3         Sketch of Northwest Quadrant of Baltimore
             Served by Two Transfer Stations                    131

 6-4         Sketch of Northwest Quadrant of Baltimore
             Served by Three Transfer Stations                   132

 7-1          Theoretical versus Actual Waste Generation          150

A-l
A-2         Distributions of Housing Units per Net Acre
A-3         by Neighborhood Type in Baltimore                 156
A-4
                                 XI11

-------
                 TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)


Number                 Title                                    Page

A-5         Monthly Variation in Solid Waste Production
             in Baltimore                                         159

A-6         Daily  Variation  in Solid Waste Production in
             Baltimore                                           160

A-7         Distribution of Net Dumping Weights for Small
             Collection Trucks                                   161

A-8         Distribution of Net Dumping Weights for Large
             Collection Trucks                                   161

A-9         Distribution of Traffic Speeds of Collection Trucks    164

A-10        Distribution of Traffic Speeds of Empty Collection
             Trucks                                              164

A-11        Distribution of Traffic Speeds of Loaded
             Collection Trucks                                   164

A-12        Least Squares Exponential Regression of Traffic
             Speed on Trip Distance                              167

A-13        Least Squares Linear  Regression of Log Traffic
             Speed on Trip Distance                              168

             Observed Collection Rates in Neighborhood  Type 1    174
r\ — I O

A-16        Observed Collection Rates  in Neighborhood          175
             Types other than 1

A-17        Assumed Collection  Rates for Two Days since         175
A-18        Last Collection                                     176
                                xiv

-------
                TABLE OF  ILLUSTRATIONS  (cont.)


Number               Title                                    Page
A-19         Time Interval between Truck Arrivals at
             Baltimore Incinerators

A-20         Service Times at Baltimore  Incinerators
                               xv

-------
                           LIST  OF  TABLES
Number                 Title                                    Page
1-1          Type of Collection Agency Used in 995 Cities
             in 1964                                               3

1-2          Type of Refuse Collected in 1964 by  1,142
             Systems in 1964                                        ~*

1-3          Frequency of Refuse Collections by Municipal
             Agencies in  1964                                      6

3-1          Variable Conditions for Model  1 Runs                  28

3-2          Variable Conditions for Model 2 Runs                  32

3-3          Example of Print-Out from  Runs of Model  1 and 2       49

4-1          Average Number of Housing Units Served  per
             Day per Truck                                        51

4-2          Average Number of Gross Acres Served per Day
             per Truck                                             52

4-3          Results from  Three Model 1 Runs with Different
             Random Number Sequences                            ~*6

4-4          Sensitivity of Model  2 Responses to Change in Seasons  -"a

4-5          Analysis of Variance Matrix for 5-Way Test on
             Variables Affecting Cost                              °7

4-6          Relative Significance of Variables on Collection
             Costs                                                68

4-7          Percentage Division of Working Day  in  Different
             Activity                                             69
                                xvi

-------
                       LIST OF TABLES (cont.)
Number
        Title
Page
5-1

6-1


6-2

A-l


A-2
A-3
A-4

A-5
A-6

A-7

B-l

B-2
D-l
through
D-12

E-l
through
E-13
Example of Print-Out from a Model 3 Run

Data of 13 Subareas Composing Northwest
Quadrant  of Baltimore

Variable Conditions for Model 3 Runs

Baltimore  Solid Waste Weight Generation by
Month

Relative Significance of Truck Size and Loaded
Condition  on Traffic Speeds

Relative Significance of Neighborhood Type
and Collection Frequency on Collection Rates

Distribution of Number of Trucks within Speed
Intervals

Collection Rates per Man and per Crew

Incinerator Service  Times

Existing Transfer Station Data

Data of Existing Collection Systems other Than
Baltimore
Tabulations for Cost Calculations, Chapter 4
Results from Model 3 Runs
  77


118

122


158


165

171
172


178

179

184

186


188


192



204
                                XVll

-------

-------
                    CHAPTER I:  INTRODUCTION










This work is concerned with mathematical models which simulate the





working and operation of residential solid waste collection systems in





large  congested urban areas.  The term "solid waste" here means





combined waste, i.e.,  combustible and non-combustible  rubbish and





garbage.  In particular, interest centers around evaluation of proposed





policy changes within a system by use  of models rather than evaluation





by temporary changes in actual field operations.  It is hoped that the





models will  provide  tools in this particular field of environmental





engineering which will  aid urban decision makers  and engineers in wise





annual investments of many mil I ions of dol lars in years ahead .











From  twenty to forty per cent of annual budgets of departments of public





works is applied to the  tasks of refuse collection and  refuse disposal .





Of this repetitive expenditure, approximately eighty per  cent is consumed





in collection, the cost  of which has been  steadily increasing with no





apparent improvement in sanitary quality of service rendered.











So, a problem facing many engineers,  city managers, and planners is








                               -1-

-------
-2-




fhe formulation of new policies which define  the solid waste collection





system for the particular city or area for which  they have  responsibility.





Two objectives guide the decisions;   the need to create  a  system which





does the job  in a manner acceptable  to the community,  and the





necessity of providing service which  is economically efficient.











These solid waste collection policies of a  city start with decisions made





initially by elected  representatives of the citizenry.  These few majoi





decisions are then expanded by decisions of less importance as details





are developed.  The prime decision  at top level is (I) Is collection to





be made by city employees; or (2) Is collection to  be made by private:





firms which contract with the city government;  or  (3) Is collection  to





be made by private firms which contract with private citizens.  In  the





United  States the arrangements in 995 cities in  1964 is shown in Table l-l





[American  Publ ic Works Association,  1966] .  Nearly one-half of repot ting





cities have collection made entirely by city employees, and 65 per cent





have complete or partial municipal service.  Only 6 per cent of larger





cities have ordinances permitting contractual agreements  between private





citizens and  refuse collectors to  exclusion of other arrangements.











The extent of collection is an  important differentiation  between  systems.





Garbage is defined as the animal and vegetable waste  resulting fiom the





preparation,  cooking, and serving of foods.  Combined refuse is the mixtuie

-------
-3-





















1
, —

<1>
15
,Q





































o-
c
(/>
'-^
U
LO
0
0
rn
,E o
O
~o o
OJ — i

ZD r-1
x """'
u _,
£ o
< a
i— t
.2 g.
-"- O
U P-,
1)
"o
U
u-
o

Q.
X
1 —











C
0)
U
i_
0)
Q_
2
o
^_ 13
o -2
~Z. 2

x — s Q)
o "° '-
§ D
"""
1 O
0 0
o o


1 O
o o



o
LO
1
CM

CN
1
O


o
1
u~>










|
-4—
-O
*^ r\ ro LO co r— ~ ^i~ 0*^
- _ _ f>

oo — ro oo r— ' ' '—
\ , —

1 I 1 ^- 1 ,_ 1 tr>
111 1 1


CN OO IX



CO^2^CN|CO'~ C>




CNlOOIXCNOCM O
O OO CM CN • — • — O


cNOrooo^t^ o
x rx TJ- •»*• • — • — LO
— oo


O-^-Ou^. — OOQO O
•— LO -^r •— ^

0)

o
.-
-i- Q_
(J
£ o -
o i ti £

£ 8 c T
T> -a ° Q-
C C U -n ^
° ° - c ~D
	 	 	 	 Q _4_
8.ti 8- 8. 8. ti £
'u o JH 'u 'u 'u o
c | ^ 'E 'c 'E -£
3 0 •- = D _3 0
5 U ct 5 5 5 U

-------
-4-




of garbage and ashes combined with rubbish, which itself is a variety of





combustible and noncombustible solid waste from household units, stores,




and institutions.  If a city government decides to enter the collection





business,  the next decision is the extent of col lection .  What classes of





waste are to be collected with what frequency?  Are all wastes to be





mixed  together?  One policy may require  the citizen  to wrap garbage for





twice a week collection, but may collect  other wastes only weekly.  An




additional limitation of service occurs in cities that deny collection




service to certain  classes of property.   Such  limitation is most often





applied to commercial establishments, industrial sites, and multiple




dwellings. The maximum quantity which will be collected at any one




site is  specified in many cities.  Table  1-2 [American  Public Works





Association,  1966]  summarizes practice with  regard to class of refuse




in the  United States.










The elected city officials rather than the city sanitation department may




make the major decision of frequency of collection .  Present practice





tends heavily toward either once per week or twice per week.  Table 1-3





[American Public  Works Association, 1966 ] gives  common practice.










The three major points of policy are: (I) Whether  the city will or will not




do the collection with its own employees;  (2) Assuming this decision is

-------
-5-
















CN
,_^

1/1

o

u
Q)

"5

CN
1 —
_T
X
_Q
3
CN
^


0
u
(U

o
U

(U

U
i_
Q_
C
"•—'
t!
o
u

rx CN CN CN
















SI
'B
f~ _Q
.— D
1) 5 0)
P 2 ^
2? «> '^
^ £ E
 3 I
£) X -D (J
§ 0 § §
O O U Z


•^t
gj










-o
i\

















^>
a>
	
Q
O
O
D
Abandoned a


IT) . — O LT)
IO "*J CM IX
^o y> c^i u~>










LO CN O IO
^f O CO CN
co •— rx ^t





(U
in
O
£
o
-*—
"" "
"o
^
01
T3
O
0)
C
'•"•
0) -^
tn D
D J3
Industrial ref
Contractors'
Ashes
Dead animal;


in
s










n
in
CO























-------
-6-



0
'o
1_
0>
E
U
•D
C C
D £
	 -*—
0 0
t— fll
-j_ W
C —



C D
*— f*\
£> "
§1/1
O
U £
*- <
o

X
o
c
0)
cr
0)
k_
u_




-
g
u
0)

U







—
_o
"c
(D
•g
t/i
cS















g

4—
U
(U
o
U
^—
o
X
o
0)
o-
0
u!
1_
0)
E
£

vO "
O^ fl)
6T-— 't-O-— IXCOOOOOO ° j^
^OQp-CO — ^-O-OOxJ-O 2
•=— — — CM 00 2 ~
-4—
D
_C
"*~
E
o
k-
W-
X
•»-
-C
O)
^ -^
•^KiO-OOOOLOOIXO ° X
rt-OOOCOOOOOOOO 2 C
-2^Tt -KJ- oo

1_
(U
•4—
c
i
0)
n -Si
-a> ?
.E -z
TJ 3
C "D
0 „,
Q- v c
£ "o o
•- o> "
« ^ u
d) 0)
'~ O
• — in O
§ -? v E ^
Ed) _^ _5^ t i*-
(1) (U  - x
o .* -J5 o * * .> 5 y
»*rggu.ooc: .| g
° 1 2 § s s g^ * 8-
U o o 1 | E | - ^^ g- ^
§ 8 8 8 s „ fi i | .2 g
za^^l^iii^o j5

-------
                                                                     -7-




affirmative, what types of waste are to be collected from whom; (3) With





what frequency.  With these questions answered, details of equipment,





labor,  and procedure are normally decided by city managers, city





engineers, and other supervisory personnel rather than by elected





officials.  At this level are financial questions, e.g.,  pay scales for





supervisors, drivers, and  laborers, amortization interest rates and times,





overtime policy,  pension policy, etc.











Engineering aspects include the method of organizing the work.  The





organizational decision is usually made from two al ternatives.  These





are (I) Each crew is assigned a particular route for  each work day of the





week.   The crew must work until  collection is made from all households





so assigned.   If the work  is done before eight hours have passed, the





crew is free to leave and yet still receive a full day's pay.  If the day's





assignment requires more  than eight  hours to complete,  the crew must





work overtime.  The type of overtime pay arrangement  for the last





condition varies with cities.  This al ternative is termed the "definite





task" method.  (2)  The  crews work a full  eight hour day with many





crews'  activities  being coordinated and directed by a supervisor.   The





areas worked by any crew will  be different from day to day and week  to





week hopefully in a manner which increases the efficiency of the entire





operation.  The definite task method has  the advantages that the house-

-------
-8-




holders know the days of collection,  and supervision is easy because of





the clear definition  of a day's work.   Disadvantages include inequalities





of lengths of work days between the first collections of the week and




subsequent ones; also labor difficulties may develop if different crews




collect grossly different daily tonnages.  There is the tendency to  plan





the assigned  routes for conditions when work is slowest and most difficult,




and this results in the situation that only under these conditions is  a





full day's work realized.










The preceeding discussion  illustrates  that the solid waste policy of a major





city is broad in the concepts encompassed. Included are types of property





serviced, frequency with which the service is  conducted, type of




equipment and personnel for conducting the operation, pay scales,




amortization schedules and all other  peripheral decisions which affect




the efficiency  of the operation.  Measurements of economic efficiencies




are presented normally as comparisons of cost per ton  for similar sanitary





qualities of service.










Comparison of costs of solid waste collection systems between  two cities





is questionable.  The appraisal of the dissimilar conditions is difficult,




and yet without such appraisal, comparison is  not valid.  The  important




differences which must be  considered for accurate cost comparison between

-------
                                                                    -9-




cities include:  (1) climate and geographical differences; (2) form  in which





the solid waste is presented  for collection; (3) frequency of collection;





(4)  place from which collection is made (curb, alley, back door);  (5) average





length of haul; (6) wage rates; (7) distribution of population densities;





(8)  overtime, vacation, and holiday policies;  (9)  truck depreciation policies.










On the other hand, comparison of costs of solid waste collection between





two different operating policies within a city or within a particular part of





a city is direct and not subject to differences in many of these variables.





For example, a comparison  of costs per ton in a particular city between an





existing policy of overtime  pay versus a proposed policy of overtime pay is





a meaningful comparison, direct and uncolored by other system variables.










This study has prepared mathematical  simulation models which allow the




latter comparison, but not the former.  Three models, titled Model  1,




Model 2, and Model 3, were so  prepared .









All models put collection trucks  in the field, all express costs in dollars




per ton and record total tonnage collected in some time period.  All note





average usage of the hours of the work day by the collection trucks,





whether in collection activity,  in traffic  between neighborhood and dumping





site, at the disposal  site, or in off-route activity, such as truck fueling

-------
-10-





and cleaning, coffee breaks,  and lunch time.










The system variables which can be changed in  some or all  of the models





are:





   (I)   Household density in households per acre





   (2)  Haul distance from the neighborhood being collected  to





        the dumping site





   (3)  Crew size




   (4)  Size of truck





   (5)  Season





   (6)  Collection  frequency




   (7)  Days since  past collection





   (8)  Pay scale for drivers and  laborers




   (9)  Overtime pay policy




   (10)  Truck amortization and usage charges




   (II)   Large transport  rig amortization and usage  charges




   (12)  Transfer station amortization and usage charges




   (13)  Distance from transfer station to final disposal site










The three models are discussed individually below:










Model I,  in an individual run, sends several groups of an  equal  number




of trucks of controllable capacity to collect solid waste from neighborhoods

-------
                                                                      -11-




of constant density.  Each of the groups has haul from collection areas





to dumping site over different controllable traffic distances.  Collection





frequency, pay scales,  season,  truck charges, and days since last





collection are all  controllable variables.  A sub-routine incorporates





the observed or assumed operating characteristics of the city  or tract





being investigated.  These characteristics include histograms, regression





equations,  and general  statements derived from field observations of





traffic speeds, collection rates  in pounds per hour by different crews





operating under different conditions, trucks' time at incinerators  or





dumping sites, housing  units per acre for different neighborhood types,




pounds of solid waste generated per person per day, number of people per





housing units, etc.










A policy of Model I  is to operate trucks and crews for as close to a full





eight hour day as  is possible.   The  most important result of this model is




the development of a relationship between number of household units




per truck and the controllable variables.










Model 2 has the same controllable  variables and the same data,  but more





nearly reflects current practice in that it operates under an "assigned





task" policy rather than an "eight-hour day" policy.  Model  2,  in an





individual run, sends a number  of groups of trucks of controllable capacity





to collect solid waste from neighborhoods of constant controllable density




types.  Again each of the groups of trucks has a diffeiont haul distance

-------
-12-




 from  collection area to dumping site.  By the  proper combination  of runs





 of Model 2, comparison of semiweekly collection costs with triweekly




 collection costs was made .










 Model 3 is a more realistic image of the urban world .   It investigates a





 tract of a large city with different neighborhood  densities;  it allows




change   of the location of a transfer  station within  the tract; it allows





 the final disposal site to  be placed at different distances from the center





 of the tract and from the  location of the transfer  station.  For different





 combinations of tract area, distribution of neighborhood densities, location





 of transfer sites and final disposal sites,  the model gives the cost  per ton collected




 in the system being  investigated .  Thus, Model 3 can  be used by any





 urban area considering most changes in operating policies, whether pay




 schedules, collection frequencies, or location of or even existence





 of transfer stations.










 Data concerning field operations have been gathered  in the City  of




 Baltimore.  These data portray  to a large extent an urban collection





 system in the year 1967.

-------
                                                                   -13-
         CHAPTER 2:  A SURVEY OF PERTINENT LITERATURE











This chapter is divided into two major parts.  The first part is a broad





survey of publications of the post-World War II years of solid-waste





collection practices in America.  Little  technical  reporting on the subject





is found prior to 1941 as the matter only became of major interest when





the increasing costs incident to it and the blighted  urban scene resulting





from its inefficient  operation finally motivated serious consideration of





new technology.  The second part of this chapter reviews literature





dealing with digital computer simulation .  This section also discusses





only recent publications, however the recentness of these papers is due





to the newness of the digital computer and the subsequently developed





techniques of simulation of sets of man's or nature's activities.  An





important discussion in the second part is of the simulation of a solid





waste collection system which was done  at Northwestern University





 [Quon etal.,  1965]  ;   it   is the only publication found  which





combines the two subjects under discussion.











          PART I -  SOLID  WASTE COLLECTION PUBLICATIONS








The definitive American publication on the subject is  "Refuse Collection





Practice" (American Public Works Association,  19661; this complete

-------
-14-







book was first published in  1941, revised in 1958, and again in 1966.





It covers current practices, planning, cost estimating, evaluations of





innovations in equipment and procedures,  and discussion of systems, per-





sonnel management, equipment management, and accounting and financing.





Typical municipal collection ordinances are included.  A large amount of





statistical data derived from cities in  the United States and Canada of





more than 5000 population  is presented.  These include:  (I) Population





of reporting cities; (2) Collection system,  i.e., whether by municipal





employees or by  firms contracting with the individual; (3) Extent of





service, residential,  commercial, and industrial; (4)  Collection points,





alley, curb, etc.; (5) Frequency of col lection; (6)  Method  of financing;





(7) Special services by  collecter such as carrying cans to and from the rear





doors.










The  Sanitary Engineering Research Project  of the University of California





[1952] published  a bulletin  which discusses collection operations in detail .





It attempts evaluation of the affecting variables which in this reference





are termed "influencing factors".  It discusses general efficacy of equipmcMif





types and presents typical municipal ordinances and an illustrative design





of a refuse collection system.  The most noticable limitation in this otheiwise





complete work is that all costs, weights, refuse compositions,  labor hours,





etc. are limited  to California data.   The scope of the bulletin is widei than

-------
                                                                     -15-



most; the project staff which authored it included specialists from the fields





of Sanitary Engineering, Soil Science, Mycology, Microbiology, Hydraulic





Engineering, Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Industrial  Hygiene.











The American Public Works Association  11964] held a conference on





"Solid Waste Research," in December, 1963;  the report resulting from





this meeting included many papers; a few of those which influenced





this study are noted here.  Rogus discusses quantities generated and charac-





teristics of urban waste.  He attempts to standardize terminology of types





of refuse, units of quantity,  and characteristic descriptive terms.  Also





the factors believed most affecting the quantity generated are listed.





Various tonnages collected with seasonal patterns from a wide range of





sources are given.   Bell discusses characteristics of municipal waste as





found from a project then current at Purdue University.  The results are





given from analyzing 2,400  refuse samples from the cities of Milwaukee,





Toledo, Indianapolis, and Bloomington, Indiana.  Mathematical and





statistical parameters were used in the  investigation of the data and  in





the presentation of results.  Zanten  discusses the existing situation in





waste collection, storage, and transportation; and generalizes as to  the





areas where research would be helpful .  Lynn indicates what contributions





a system analysis approach may make in the  future.  The terms, system,





mathematical programming,  objective function,  stochastic, constraints,





etc., are carefully  presented, defined, and put into a context of an

-------
-16-







investigation of a solid waste collection system.  Examples of the kind





of statistical information needed for such a study are given.  Possible





avenues of such research are illustrated by presenting questions to which





answers are needed.  Bowerman presents a concise description of an





existing transfer station's physical equipment and  cost.  Future trends





in transfer are discussed.











The Ohio Department of Health [ 1965]  held a  short course in 1965 titled





Technical and Planning Aspects of Solid Wastes.  The proceedings from





this short  course include descriptions of the several  methods of collection





in use  in American cities, and the fundamental  criteria for evaluating





suitability of the methods by Taylor and  by Crane.  Lynn describes





systems analysis and simulation,  optimization, and  limitations of the





results from such efforts.










In July, 1967,  the  Engineering Research Conference [ 1967 ] sponsored a





meeting for the  exchange of information,  opinions, and ideas between





researchers in solid waste.  Abstracts of the conference reports were





published, and many are being or will be  published in their entirety .





Hickman reports on composition and per capita  generation of residential





solid wastes in  areas of Cincinnati, evaluating  quantity variation within





combinations of single family dwellings and apartments with or without

-------
                                                                     -17-




food grinders and incinerators.  The cyclic character of generation of





residential solid wastes and an anlysis of the factors responsible for





the effect is reported by Kennedy.   Quon concludes that significant





changes occurred in quantities of refuse generated in two residential





areas as a result of changing collection frequency from once a week  to





twice a week.











A study of the Los Angeles County  solid waste situation  is a very complete





planning effort [ Los Angeles County, 1955]  .  Definitions of terms are





carefully given; factors affecting costs and manpower and machinery





requirements are discussed in detail .  Conclusions reached include:





(I) collection crew size and collection vehicle type do not alter collection





manpower requirements significantly;  (2) collection vehicles are generally





inefficient for haul distances greater than five or six miles; (3) the





quantity of waste increased with an increase of frequency of col lection;





(4) approximately  15 per cent more manpower is required for collection





in hilly districts than in  level areas;  (5) changing collection from once to





twice per week requires  increasing manpower by 50 per  cent.  The report





includes much information on composition and quantities of solid waste and





its seasonal cyclic  variation in quantities generated; again  this information





is  limited to the particular locality with which the report deals.











Many valuable thoughts and discussions of attempts to impiovc- collodion

-------
-18-





 efficiency have been published in trade magazines rather than in





professional journals.  These are generally authored by men engaged





in the actual task of supervising the collection operation  for a city or





a region rather than by those whose interests are peripheral  in the area.





Several are noted here because they have particular applicability to this





study.  Cole [I960] discusses with enthusiasm the adoption of a  transfer





station by  the city of Lakeland,  Florida and the change in collection





from a daytime operation too  nighttime one.  Karolevitz [1963]  plans





ahead for the area adjacent.to Seattle,  Washington incorporating a





series of transfer stations and  takes into consideration the unique local





situation that private citizens  deliver about twenty per cent of the total





refuse volume.  Also complicating the scene are twenty-one licensed





commercial haulers operating in the area.  He gives costs and savings





and plans for the future.  Koch  U9601  questions the current practice of





acquiring disposal sites on a buy-as-needed basis, but in  addition he





discusses collection haul costs, land costs, equipment costs, and transfoi





station costs in his particular area of California .   King 11960) lists the





circumstances which caused Santa Monica  to build transfer  stations.





Among them were increasing costs of the system through the yeais and





the difficulties of their old incinerator system with the  Los Angeles Air





Pollution Control District.  He gives an excellent description of the





physical layout of the transfer station and the compacting mechanism





adopted.

-------
                                                                      -19-





The review of literature covered decades of isolated tracts dealing with





European and New World municipal sanitation.  One considered of




general interest is "Collection and Disposal of Town Refuse" [Organization




for European Economic Cooperation, 1953] .  This paper emphasized the




relation of the  work  to general public health. It devoted chapters to





European methods of those years.  Special processes including  transfer





stations are described and evaluated. Disposal methods are discussed  in




detail along with the major problem of collection of household solid waste;




the European economic  feasibility of recovery of papers, edible foodstuffs,




and metals is discussed .










Older references which picture the thinking of the late forties and early




fifties include a summary of lectures given at a training course in refuse





collecting  [University of Michigan, 1947] and a report on Refuse Collection





and Disposal  Practices [American Public Works Association, 1950J .










Thinking in earlier decades on waste collection was generally restricted




to nonprofessional personnel,  who only rarely put their tho ughts and




recorded their practices in publications.   The problem and its attendent





costs are only recently brought to public view.

-------
-20-
               PART II -  DIGITAL COMPUTER SIMULATION











Digital  computer simulation is a technique with the objective of giving





insight into the behavior of a complex system.  A local optimum situation





may be  found by simulating a system under different conditions and then





comparing costs,  profits,  or operating efficiencies between the  results





of the simulations.   The references cited here are structured and run  for





a look at  an operating system or for the determination of a local optimum





value for  controllable variables.  In all simulations, explicit or implicit





constraints are present, whether the objectives are answers to particular





questions  or merely a succession of snapshots of an operating system.











The peak  hour traffic in a bus terminal for the Port of New York Authority





has been simulated   [Jennings and Dickens, 1958] .  The goal is to





evaluate the effect of variances in the length of a single lane bus platform





The model generates the number of passengers arriving every minute, the





arrival time of buses, and operates on the basis of controllable  rules





governing the loading of the buses, and entry and exit of buses from





assigned berth positions.  The model is programmed to give a snapshot





of the system at  the  end of every minute.  The results are piesentcd in





a manner  such that  ready evaluation of the influences of platform length





on passenger waiting time and bus holding space is possible.  This

-------
                                                                    -21-
particular paper il lustrates a realistic problem of design  which did not

lend itsel f to mathematical or direct analytical investigation, but was

of such structure that simulation study examined and tested it and gave

answers in a form suitable for design utilization,  without disruption of

service.  This paper is particularly valuable for the newcomer to

simulation as an introductory reading.



Simulation has been used extensively in war games.  More publications

seem to be in  this area and that of information  systems and decision making

in the business firm than in all others. The movement of war games from

the plotting board,  with toy  ships, aircraft, troops,  maps, and incomplete

information for the  opposing  sides, to simulation  on a digital computer was

an easy logical step.  Computer generated random numbers have replaced

throws of dice, and programmed march tables,  firing tables,  and similar

"canned "  aids define combat possibil ities. A coverage of war games which

has had stochastic overtones  through the  centuries is given in [ Griffin, 1965]

He merges basic military gaming with more sophisticated politico - military

gaming and in the end, attempts to evaluate the  gains and debits for  the

participants.  Other books exist on the subject [ Morschaurer,  1962;

Schelling, I960;  Zimmerman, 1961.] This last discusses the

evolution  of a concept of a war gaming model which provides for the

codification of many of the decision processes occurring in battle, and

-------
 -22-
once defined, those decisions may be repeated as often as required .





There results a mathematical  model with all the stochastic variables which





directly simulates the step-by-step progress of an isolated battle ,  This





paper specifically attempts to evaluate  the effectiveness of a new tank





design on the combat  effectiveness of company sized units.








Information  of broadening interest was found  in publications from business





administration studies and economic studies.  Many were research endeavors





taking into account the large number  of interactions and interdependencies





of communications and decision-making within the firm.  Of particular





interest are  Sprowls and A si mow  [1960 1 , Bon in i 119631 , and Forrester [1961] .





Bonini investigates by simulation the  effects on the hypothetical firm of





three  types of changes.  These are: (1)  changes in the external  environment,





external  in the  sense of not being controllable by the firm; (2) changes in





the information system of the firm; including the  kind of information trans-





mitted, the  amount transmitted, and the timing of information flows;  and





(3) changes  in the decision rules. Forrester  [1961] describes simulation





models which include warehouses, factories, wholesalers, retailers, and





consumers.  He then "looks at the system"  which he has created as precon-





ceived changes in consumer demand,  advertising policies, etc., are  executed,









Some  publications [Maass et al ., 1962; Hufschmidt and Fiering, 1966 |

-------
                                                                     -23-




discuss problems and goals more familiar to civil  engineers than the other





references which are concerned with business and military affairs.   Maass





discusses simulation abstractly  initially and then  the actual simulation





model of a river basin  system's behavior for flood control, irrigation,





and power generation .  Limitations of simulation particularly with  respect





to streamflow and river basin problems are examined.  Hufschmidt and





Fiering analyze the application of simulation to  a planning problem of





the Lehigh River basin and its extension to simulation  of a larger system,





the entire Delaware River basin.  The generation of synthetic hydrology





is incl uded.











Conway  [1963  ] considers the problem of precision of results obtained





from simulation runs and methods of improving them.   Effects of starting





conditions, effects of sample sizes and replications and the nature  of





equilibrium in an operating system are examined. Tocher [1965] gives





a concise evaluation and indexing of current simulation languages,





tabulating for the languages such  pertinent aspects as the basic language





from which the simulation language  is derived, the computer for which





the language is suited, the sampling procedures available in each,  the





naming of variables in each, etc.  Tocher [1963] deals general ly  with





the study  of industrial operations  and  processes by simulation.  Sampling





from distributions, sampling methods,  random number generation techniques,

-------
-24-
 and queuing problems are covered.











 The original work which  applies digital computer simulation to municipal





 solid waste collection is  by Quon  [1965] .  This has as a major objective





 the delineation of interrelations between the affecting  variables on Hie





 functioning of the system.  The data upon which the system operation were





 based were from the solid waste  operations of the village of Winnetka,





 Illinois.  Haul efficiency and over-all efficiencies are measured in units





 of man-minutes per ton rather than in units of dollars per ton.   Sensitivity





 measurements are made for varying coefficients  of variation of the quantity





 of solid waste generated  per service  per  week.

-------
                                                                    -25-
  CHAPTER 3:  THE POLICIES AND STRUCTURES OF MODELS I AND 2










The purpose of Model I  is the determination of the collection potential





and associated costs of a collection truck operating under a set of stochastic





conditions within the framework of an eight hour work day.  Because of





stochastic influences, a single run of a  truck is not indicative of the





performance which can  be expected.  Therefore Model  I fields thirty





trucks at a time,  operating under the same stochastic influences and under





the environmental conditions desired by the investigator.   The results of





major interest from this  model are  the mean,  the maximum, the  minimum,





and the standard deviation of the number  of household units from which





collection was made by these thirty trucks in one day under the  particular





conditions of season, neighborhood type,  haul distance, etc.











The purpose of Model 2 is the determination of results of assigning a





definite number of household units for collection to a truck for its task





for a day.  Again  because of stochastic conditions, a single run of a  truck





is not conclusive, and so  thirty trucks are fielded under constant environ-





mental conditions.  The Model I runs necessarily preceded those of Model 2





as the decisions for the  number of household units to be assigned in the





latter model were based on the number serviced  in the former.  The results

-------
-26-
 of greatest interest  from Model 2 are the unit costs of collection in





 dollars per ton for different conditions, particularly different collection




 frequencies and different sizes of daily task assignments for the 20 cubic




 yard collection trucks.










 The information obtained from Models  1 and 2 influenced the aims and





 structuring of Model 3.










                        POLICIES  OF  MODEL 1







 The model  simulated the fielding of 180 collection trucks for the purpose




 of collection of solid waste .  Each  run has a constant neighborhood





 density for all 180 trucks;  other variables held constant for individual




 runs are number of days since  last collection,  collection frequency per




 week, season, truck capacity, and size of crew.  On each run, Model  1




 was programmed so  that of  the  180  trucks  "working", groups of thirty




 each were  sent to six different collection areas, each area being a




 different distance from the final disposal site.  These six different haul





 distances were:  one, four, eight,  twelve, eighteen, and  twenty-four





 miles. Table 3-3 shows the printout of results for one of the  groups of





 30 trucks.

-------
                                                                    -27-




The number of haul distances and the number of trucks dispatched to each




can be changed to any values respectively between one and ten, and




between 180  and eighteen; the constraint  being that the product of the





number of trucks times the number of distances cannot exceed 180 .  Thus,





if an investigator wishes, he  may send  ninety trucks to each of two neighbor-




hoods to work under the policies of Model 1, with all factors constant for




both sets excepting the two different haul distances.  The results of the run





would be a comparison of costs between two alternative disposal sites at




the different  distances.








In this study, a total of 24 runs was made  with Model  1 . In these different





runs, seasons, number of days since last collection, collection frequency,




and other controllable variables were varied as shown in Table 3-1 .









All time spent by a crew during the day was assigned to one of four




categories:  (1) Traffic time  between the disposal site  and beginning of




collection, and between ending of collection and arrival at disposal  site,




excepting flat tires and breakdowns; (2) Collection time, calculated by:




                        Tc  = Wt Col/Col Rate





          in  which Wt Col = Truck's net loaded rate




             randomly generated from a histogram of Baltimore data




             for the particular capacity truck,

-------
 -28-
                               TABLE  3-1

                            MODEL 1  RUNS
Run no.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Type
truck*
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
Days since
last
collection
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
Neighborhood
type
1
2
3
4
2
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
4
4
Season '
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Collection
frequency
per week
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Size of
crew
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
^Truck type 1 is a 13 cubic yard truck          'Season type 1 is summer
 Truck type 2 is a 20 cubic yard truck           Season type 2 is winter

-------
                                                                    -29-





       and Col Rate   Collection rate in pounds per hour





           randomly generated from a histogram of Baltimore data





           for the particular crew size under the run's conditions





           of days since  last collection, etc.





(3) Incinerator time, in minutes,  randomly  generated  from a histogram of





truck times at  the  two  Baltimore incinerators; (4) Off-route time, which





included the following:  (a) Some time between 50 minutes and 68 minutes,





reflecting two twenty-five minute breaks during the day plus the assumption





that  the 180 trucks left the main garage at  O.I minute intervals in the





morning,  (b) Breakdown time;  breakdowns were generated at random;





when they occurred, the truck  was charged with twenty-five minutes of





off-route time,  (c) In the prototype activities at garages, it was noted





that  servicing  of the trucks was normally done at the end of the day for





the following day.  Also if the crew finished particularly early, the





truck was cleaned by hosing and  some minor repairs were made.  The





model has the  following  policies;  If truck  and crew have already worked





eight hours after dumping, no off-route time is logged by the truck,  i.e.,





no servicing or cleaning.  If clocktime after dumping  is within one hour





of a  full eight-hour day, one-half of the remaining work time  is logged





to off-route time and the crew  is freed  the other one-half.











After each  dumping of a  load by  an individual truck,  a check  is





made of   the probability that the truck can, without going on ovc>itirn>i,

-------
-30-
return to its collection area with an expected thirty minutes available for





collection work, and then return in traffic and  dump.  This determines





whether another load is collected .











A proper combination of random events puts individual trucks on overtime.





A truck can have a flat tire or minor breakdown while on overtime and so





log this off-route time;  however, no additional off-route time for coffee





breaks or truck servicing at  end  of day is used by an overtime truck.










Model  1 is based on the plan that the trucks wor k a full  eight-hour day





collecting from as many household units as possible .  As  the day passes,





the decisions of greatest importance are:  (1) after dumping, should





another collection trip be made; and (2) on arrival  at the collection





area, does time remain  to collect a full load or only a partial load.





All decisions are programmed for the intended completion of the day1 s





work without overtime .










Regular and overtime pay scales, truck maintenance and operation costs,





and amortization rates can each be changed by a single card in the Block





Data subroutine to fit the financial picture of any city.  However, the





model  is programmed to the  policy that overtime pay  is paid to the

-------
                                                                     -31-




next integer hour, as this is current practice in Baltimore.










Figures 3-3,  3-4, 3-5, and 3-7  show flow-charts  for the principal





subroutines of Model  I .











                 POLICIES OF MODEL 2











This model is in essence  Model I  with a single major policy change.





Model 2 has given to each of its 180 trucks a definite  task assignment





of some number of household units from which to collect.  This task is





to be done regardless of  the shortness of workday or overtime necessary





for its completion.  No decision-making  is programmed in Model  2  to





determine if another trip shall  be made or if time permits another full





load or a partial  load .  The only question asked  for each truck is ifall





assigned units have been serviced.  The classifications of elapsed time





for the  individual trucks are  the same as In Model  I .










In this study a  total of 34 runs  were made with Model  2.  In these different





runs, the controllable variables were given values  as  shown in Table 3-2.





The Collection subroutine and the Cinera subroutine are different for the





two models; Model 2  flow charts for these subroutines are shown  in





Figures 3-6 and 3-8.

-------
-32-
                             TABLE 3-2
                           MODEL  2 RUNS
Run
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
22-2
22-3
51
52
53
55
56
57
71
72
73
75
76
77
81
82
83
84
Days since
last
collection
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
4
3
Neighborhood
type
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
2
2
2
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
Collection
frequency
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Size of
crew
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
4
3
All runs are with 20 yard trucks in summer season .

-------
                                                                    -33-




              STRUCTURE OF MODELS I  AND 2










The programs of these models depend heavily on a  list processing program




prepared by Dr. Mandell  Bellmore of the Johns Hopkins University.





This program served as a core with prototype activities tied about it.





Figure 3-1 shows the general  schematic  of Models  I and 2  while Figure 3-2





shows a more detailed  interaction of the Main program with the





33 subroutines.  A discussion follows concerning individual subroutines





positioned in the blocks of Figure 3-1 .










                       MAIN PROGRAM










Two dictionaries are listed at the beginning of the main program, one





of list processing variables and one of simulation model variables.  This





program acts as the focal  point out of which the Initialization group of




subroutines,  the List Processing group of subroutines, and the Result




group of subroutines are cal led .










                   INITIALIZATION SUBROUTINES










(I) BLOCK DATA;   Here in one package are the observed or  assumed




attributes of the city or tract being investigated;  included arc  the costs

-------
-34-





















2»
li
< —
\ INITIALIZ
SUBROU1




£













\















CO
Ul
^_ ^
i- p
1 ' — >
— 1 ~J
K °
3 CO
^>
CO


5* H
ccic ujo uj *£ >-
oOH_oQQ-Ct:tt-<
2Oco<:2H;?r5:- z . v.
^"-p u<^
0>g UJ1^^^






o h or E o




o
— CO
co uj
co 2:
Ul —
.1ST PROC
SUBROUT




o
2
or o
u. ^>
CO
Ul
Q

o li



i—
0
X
O CO
^ — 0.
O Z <
o < z
_J Q. CO

UJ y; *~ id
UJ t- 2 x^ CO o
^'i cc x * ^ 


d3WIJL
\


\
OJ
CO
Ul T3
z c
— J 1— 1
0 w
OC l_ > r-1
co o . or a)
3 g^|| 1
CO QO CL CO "«
H 0
^: o
—> -r-l
co .u
Ul nj
or 6
r—t Q)
\ 	 1— 	 . 	 1 (-•

© ©
'

5
«3
fE Q:
	 n  O)
H 0)
I-M O




-------
MAIN
                                                                   -35-
       —|   INIT
       —[  SSWTCH
         DATA IN")	[TPAGE 1	1  TODAY  ]
         DATOu
        [—|  SUMARY




         —|  SSWTCH ]




         —|   INIT 2  ]




         —|  PANIC"
TIMER ]	[ DATMAK
       *—[  PRINT
                   —|  CINERA
                                   CREATE |—p-j  PANIC
                   —|  XINIT ]	1  FILAST
                                     PACK
                                               UNPACK
                                                 PANIC
                   —|  TRAFIC  [	[  RANDOM^
                                     BINORM
                   —| REMFST
                         PACK
                      COLECT
             STAT
                                   UNPACK
                        RANDOM
                                    HIST
                                     PANIC
    FIGURE 3-2
                        OUT
    Interaction  of Subroutines

-------
 -36-







of labor and equipment, and the many data which describe the neighbor-





hood densities, collection rates, loaded weights of trucks, histograms of





incinerator waiting times, regression equation parameters of relation





between traffic speeds on trip distances,  season constants,  waste weights





generated per capita, etc . This mass of city or tract attributes coupled





with the values of the run variables of the DATAIN  subroutine coupled





with the decision between Model  1 policy or Model 2 policy encompass





the control possible by the investigator.  Studies which desire other variables





or policies necessitate changes  in programming.









(2)  DATAIN:  The run variables are given values here .  These include:





          (a) the run number





          (b) the control parameter, K,  for starting the random





              number generator.  When  K is set equal to zero, the





               values of the numbers generated are unpredictable





               and vary with each succeeding run . When  K is set





               equal  to a positive integer, the sequence of the





               generated random numbers will be the  same for succes-





               sive runs.





          (c) the type of truck; Models 1 and 2 are programmed for





               two sizes of collection trucks.





          (d) the number of days since last collection; values can be





               three or four .

-------
                                                                     -37-




         (e)  the neighborhood type;  four values reflecting





             population density are used.




         (f)  the season;  summer or winter.





         (g)  the collection frequency; semiweekly or triweekly.





         (h)  the crew size; three or four men.










(3)  INITZ:  Initializes to zero the accumulators, counters, and entity





attributes in  the simulation subroutines.










                  LIST PROCESSING SUBROUTINES










(I) TIMER:  acts with the aid of its utility subroutines as clock or time





base for the events which occur within the simulation model .  Its actual




operation is to remove the first ranking event from the  calendar of events,




note the  type of event, and so to direct model activity properly.










(2)  CAUSE:  places event notices generated  by  prototype activities on




the calendar.










(3)  CREATE:  used only once on each run to  create the initial  calendar.










(4)  FILFST,  FILLST,  FILRNK: file events at first of list,  last of list, or

-------
-38-






 in a ranked position, as desired.  The list is the calendar in the case





 of the CAUSE subroutine.











 (5) IDCHK: a precautionary subroutine which checks the validity of





 list number cal led .











 (6) PACK:  combines individual numbers which describe attributes of





 an event  into a  single number; its purpose is to save computer effort and





 memory space.











 (7) REMFST: removes events from the calendar from the first of list.





 In Models I and 2, events were filed in a ranked manner so that the





 first in the  list was that one which was always next to be removed.










 (8) UNPACK:  separates the single packed number described in PACK





 into its components.











 (9) LOOK: allows an interruption to the system's operation for the purpose





 of viewing  the condition of a specified list (calendar).











 (10) PANIC: if an unacceptable condition has occurred in  the TIMER,





 IDCHK, or UNPACK subroutines, PANIC is called to identify the corient

-------
                                                                    -39-





event and its attributes and to terminate processing.










(II) SNPSHT:     prints the event and its attributes for which the LOOK





subroutine is called.










                      RESULT SUBROUTINES










(I) DATOUT:  prints the controllable run variables which were supplied





by DATAIN  subroutine.










(2) OUT:  prints the results of the run with alphameric explanations.










(3) PRINT:   prints alphameric description of the run, the values of the




run variables, and calls STAT and OUT subroutines.










(4) SUMARY:   when trucks have finished their day's work,  this subroutine




performs calculations to reduce information to more usable form.










                  PROTOTYPE ACTIVITY SUBROUTINES










(I) CINE:  contains decision policies, the counters, and recording commands




used  while the truck is at disposal site.   Decision is made here to return

-------
-40-








 or not for another load in case of Model  1, and whether or not all units





 are serviced in case of Model 2. A counter notes in both models when





 all trucks are done  for the day.










 (2)  COLECT:  contains collection decision policies, accumulators and





 counters for weights,  times, acres serviced, units serviced,  and leferencc





 commands to pertinent system attribute histograms for those times when the





 trucks are engaged  in neighborhood waste collection .










 (3)  DATMAK:  after the 180 trucks of these two models are assigned





 random  initial departure times within controllable limits, this subroutine





 assigns proper haul  distances to the trucks, does the necessary calculations





 to give  initial values  other than zero to the attributes of next event time,





 off-route time, and type of event, and calls CREATE and CAUSE so that





 this information may be placed on the calendar.









 (4)  TRAFIC:  records  the individual truck's time in traffic, both to





 and from the collection area.   Possibility of flat tires and breakdown





 is included .










                         UTILITY SUBROUTI  NES








 (1)  BINORM:  allows random values to be generated from a normal distribution

-------
                                                                    -41-




(2) CLOCK:  used once only to obtain the exact time which starts the





random number generator to insure an independent sequence.










(3) HIST:  by first genercting a random number and then entering the





accumulative plot of a called  histogram, this subroutine takes a value




from the range  of values covered by the histogram.










(4) KPAGE: prints page titles and page numbers.










(5) RANDOM:  in combination with BINORM,  allows random values to





be generated from a normal distribution with a mean and a standard




deviation which are designated by the user.










(6) RANPER:  generates a  random permutation of the first N integers.










(7) RNNR:  generates a random number  from a rectangular distribution




with values between zero and  unity.










(8) SSWTCH; allows the operator to interrupt during execution from the




computer console.










(9) STAT:  makes the calculations to reduce the attributes of 180 trucks




to their individual means and standard deviations.  The maximum and

-------
-42-




minimum of each attribute are found by search.











(10) TODAY:  obtains the current date for printing by KPAGE for run





identification.











Flow  charts of the prototype activities follow, illustrating the policies





and logic of Models I  and 2 .





     Figure 3-3 illustrates DATMAK for both models.





     Figure 3-4 illustrates TRAFIC for both models.





     Figure 3-5 illustrates COLECT for Model I .





     Figure 3-6 illustrates COLECT for Model 2.





     Figure 3-7 illustrates CINERA for Model I .





     Figure 3-8 illustrates CINERA for Model 2.

-------
                                                      -43-
  NO
        DATMAK  CALLED BY
              TIMER
         I
        KSTMFS = (STMFST * 10) + 0.5
        N TRUCK = TRDSNO * TRNOHL


        INCRMT = (DELPEP * 10) + olT"|
       ~"
        KTMDP = KSTMFS + NTRUCK * INCRMT
         ^                        •
        CALL  RANPER (L. NTRUCK) |
       [ I NT = 0
        KKK = KTMDP-1
         I
       | DO 30 I = KSTMFS. KKK |

       | NT = L( INT) |
       I OR (NT) = Zl /IP.]
        J = 1
        NT. L.E. (NTRDS* J )
YES
        J = J + I
         J_
        TRFDIS(NT) = DIST J
         t
       [ TIME (NT) = ZI / 10.
       I EVENT (NT) = 1
        CONTINUE
       [PRINT, "THE LAST  TRUCK HAS LEFT  THE YARD" I
       ^'"'  i  —• •'••-'  •      . .I,  ,     ..	 ._  . — — ......       j
        RETURN
FIGURE  3-3
Subroutine DATMAK,  Models 1 and 2

-------
  -44-
               YES
                            [jRAFFIc"]
                                 i
          304
                 RMXDST
                                                NO
       VELMU = VELMUK
              I
                      VELMU * RKA + RKB * TH ALPS ( NT, NDR )
               I CALL RANDOM ( VELMU , VELSIG, TVELOG )1
               	           I           	'
                      [ TRFVEL ^ IP X* TVELOCT|

                   v rr r>  ^~- •	- —•*	^   M/-\

p^^c^lS TRFVEL

» rm
* VELM AX ? "> I>I>J

^ \
t
| TRFVEL = VELMIN |

| TRFVEL =VELMAX |



\ ,3O7f


             [ TRFTMZ = (TH ALPS ( N TND'R ) / TRF VEL X 60 , |

                     [TRFHR^TRFHR + TRFTMZ |
                                i
                          | RND = RNNR (O) |

               | FLATNO =PRBFLT * THALDS(NT,NDRT
                                 I         ^
         31O
                                                 =ORHR +
[ TIME (NT) » TIME (NT) -I- TRFTMT]
                                     TIME(NT) = TIME(NT) + TRFTMZ f FLTLTM~]
                     YES
               318
                            3i4j  r
                          EVENT(NT) > l.
                             NO
EVENT (NT)
                                       | EVE NT (NT) = 2J
                                320           \
               \ STRFML^STRFML -hTHALDS (NT.NDRT]
                              RETURN
     FIGURE 3-4
     Subroutine TRAFIC,   Models 1 and 2

-------
                                   [_COLLECT CALtFO 8V TIMER
                                                                                                -45-
             202
       	C- -~	.
i 10 (?oz. ?oi, ?o*j, ?oqj_,_fJET_vpJ
                     r-T:.h._-
    FcAit nTsi  <»iViNo"|     f C.AI i HIST r,ivtNG~]     [  CAI L HIM MVINT, 1     f r.Ai i  ntsr  Givtfio 1
      MO OF UNIIS PFR          NO OF UNITS (•( II         NO  ')' UNITS PFH          NO 'll UNIT1) PI R
    I ACRt FOR NF. IIP- I |     L*51L L0" Nf !YP' ' J     I »f.Ht_TOH Nl KP-_J ]     [ Af.HT IORNMVP-4J
            cn"^-r_ 	   	   i -^ r-'r      -    -       -     -   -   '
                                        I RNU - MNNR(O) J
                                    TOO TO (211, ?54), KINTRK I
                                    	~- T	J
                                 I GO TO (270, 272, 274), (DSLC-I ) I
                                                 ~'
          CALL HIST GIVING
        COLLECTION RATE FOR
      OSLC -2 AND PROPER NETYP
  CALL HIST GIVING     I
COLLECTION RATE FOR
LC • 3 AND PROPER NETYPJ
    COLLFCT
  OSLC
     CALL HIST GIVING
   COLLECTION RATE FOR
 OSLC-4 AND PROPER NET
,R
LTYP|
                                  ["COLTMZ • W4T E2 M 60 /COLRAfJ


                              [jCAL^RANOOM (PNDMII fPNOSIG , PNDPER l]
                      | PNOZUN-PNOPER H SEASNK (Sf ASONI KDSLS * PERUNINETVP)
                                                     --
                                  EJA<> WAIF.? /(PNDZUN « UNACRE i^

                                 ij K^ACRTz N E T AC * CORACRTNFTYPT
                            QcpTMLZ • silMACR » COL ML K INETyP) / »?80~]


                                    [ UNI TSZ • WAT r Z / PNDZUN ]
   fACRE(NT) • ACRE (NT I  tSH
                         [ XX • TIME I NT It COLTMZ * l(TRf PIS ( N?l / 2O )  X 60 T]

                        	^LS_!J9	
                                          zzi:	1	
                                          [COLTMX • 480 - TIME INTI - (I TJfFOI') IN f I /2O I * 60 T)

                                                                  "~1
   [ TIME (NT I- TIME INT) t COLTMZ |
 .	   	TZ	
 |  COLMIL(NT1-COLMTUNT) + COLMLZ

 [~COLTM(NTI • COLTMT
  f TIME I NT I • TIME INTI »!.


    [PRINT! • UR(NT)TT
    [UNIT (NT] • UNIT(NT) +UNITSZ
wATFX • WATEZ X COLTMX/COLT MZ~]


COLTMINT) . COLT MINT) « COLTMx"|
                                [~WATE(NTI • WATEINT I t WAT EX |


                           [ TRIPINTI • TRIP (NT) t ICOLTMX /COLTMZ f|
                                                                     ICOLMIL (ND • COLMIL (NT I -f
                                                                    ICOLM1Z H COLTMX /COLTMZ)
                                         I EVENTINT1- 5 1
                                            - _-J	

                                           [HFTURN]
                                                                   \   ACRE (NTI • ACRE (NT I »   1
                                                                   IJSUMACH K COITMX /COLTMZlJ


                                                                   I    UNITINfT-IINIT (NlVt   1
                                                                   |^(UNIISZ H COL I MX / COI TMZ ) I


                                                                   f TPMF IN7J -1J»I INI) (COI TMxJ
FIGURE  3-5
Subroutine COLECT,   Model  1

-------
-46-
                                               IF(TRFDIS(N1 J  f 0  1 ) NO • t
                                               If ITRFDtS(NT). EO  4 ) NO • 2
                                               IFITRFOISINT)  EQ  8 )NO-3
                                               IF( TRFDIS (N1)  EO  12 JND'4
                                               If (TRFDISINTI. EO  16 )ND-5
                                               IF lTRFDIS (NT)  EO  ?4 ) NO- 6
                                                f~iT(COi FRF EQ 2 ) NO • I "I

                                                Ijf (COLfRF FQ 3)NC_»2_J
                                                 __ _..       _  ._
                                               [~UNI1(NT ) • AMNC, NN, NtlfJ

                                     [_UN IliNT f -"UNIT ( £17 H 7 t 0 5IOK M  COFFUNfNET
                                                    .    ,    ,     .
                                            .7-] __               - j -r_

                                     I f CAt i  Him rnviNG T   [ fJiii"  HIS? GIVING"!  I
                                       I  NO or UNIT-? PC R        NO OF UNI rs PER  I  I
                                     I I ACnt FOR NE TYP • ?     Af.Rf  FOR Nf,TyP-3 I  I
                                     L ' — -    i -----  -1   l      — -  — i j
                                      ~rn._rvL ____ :_rj •  r r . .. r ... jr.zi~~
                                       I CAl L HIST MVPNG 1   ] fAI I  HI1T OIVINO  |
                                          NO or UNI i", PI n        NO or i;Ntn PFH  I
                                       [ACRE ron NFTVP-I J   JAMJT  FOR NFtrp-4]
                                       [ ACRt (Nf ) • UNI! INT ) K r,OOA< M ( Nf T YP)/UNACRE_]
                                               RANDOhM PNOMU , PND'ill



                                         WATE (NTl~"pf RUN"TNf ! Vp") M PN I) Pt R I

                                              » SF ASNK 1ST ASON )  M UNIMNT
                                                 ACRF; ( NT) »t COLMLK INFT Y


                                                    TRNO • RNNR (oil
                                CALL HIST GIVING

                                COLLECTION  RATE

                                FOR OSLC • 2 AND
                               [  PROPER NETYP

                                       '
 CAl I  HIST GIVING 1   P CAtl HIST OIVINO
COil FCTION RATE     1 COLLECTION RATE
 FOR nsi c • i AND  I   j  FOR ostc • 4 AND
 PROPER NETYP   j      PROPER NtfYP
                                                GO TO IZI4". ?54'».JKINTRKn

                                               izz_-."" :_~:n_
                                                ' **.TAZ '  i   L**Ti£_B **?J

                                                TT f •            ™
                                                              WATf Z ' *AT( (NTl - TOTwF(NlT]


                                                                     n^uiQ
                                                     _ . ._ _ rr ~~"
                                                     VI NT (Hit • Tj


                                            (/.Of TMJ ^J WA!F 7 K  _»>0 ) / COl RAlJ


                                               !T7M"(NTT^cot IM(NI) t7oL7tiii7"J


                                             ^TIMr^NTJ-TlMf (NT) * COl.TMzJ


                                            [_Tor*VtS17 ~«"TOT WTTN fT+~WA7F/" ]
     FIGURE  3-6
     Subroutine  COLECT,   Model  2

-------
                                                                         -47-
                       60 TO (471 , 473), KINTRK
                  DUMPTM(NT)- DUMPTM(NT) +DMPTMZ
                      CLKTM -TIME(NT) +OMPTME]

                                I
                          CLKTM.GE.48O.
 I OVRTMZ • (CLKTM -480.)/607|
     [JOVRTM -OVRTMZ J

             I
     I OOVBTM•JOVRTM |



I—tCOVRTMZ ' OT.OOVRTM ?^>—1
      I
     I TIME (NT 1 1 . CLKTM |

             I
    [OVRTMK'OVRTMK-t-l. ]

                ~~^
       IEVENT (NT) -s]
         |RETURN|
         pTRFTMZ • TRFDIS * 6Q./2o7|

                     1
       [ X2-CLKTM •M2.*TRFTMZ) + 30
          	—i



                    l<
          I ORTM-(480.-CLKTM )/2.1
CLKTM.GT.420
                                                                       ORTM • 29
                   ,1              _ L
                   I OR(NT)«OR(NT) +ORTM |


                  [ TIME (NT) • CLKTM + ORTM |
|TIME(NT)-CLKTM|

        I      .
 IEVENT(NT)•i|
                                                           |EVENT(NT) » 3
                RETURN|
   FIGURE 3-7
   Subroutine  CINERA,   Model 1

-------
-48-
                           CINERA CALLED
                              BY TIMER
                   471
         I RND = RNNR (0) I
                I   _!__  .
     GO TO (471. 473), KINTRKj>-
                                             473
              CALL HIST FOR
              TRUCK TYPE 1
                DUMP TIME
                   I
                       CALl  HIST FOR
                       TRUCK TYPE 2
                         DUMP TIME
.	L_
[DUMPTM (NT) = DUMPTM (NT) + DMPTMZ |
        	~T          	,
  [ TIME (NT) - TIME (NT) + DMPTMZ ]

                YES
                                        ORTM M48O- TIME (NT) / 2
                                         OR(NT) = OR (NT) +OFJTM
   [EVENT(NT) » i |
      fRETURN
                           [ EVENT(NT) - 5]


                             |_RETURN~|
                       ("OVRTMZ = (TIME (NT) - 48O.)/60. I
                       --    -      -
                                     = OVRTMZ
                             IOOVRTM = JOVRTM
                       YES
                             OVRTMZ.GT.OOVRTM
                                                  NO
               OVRTM(NT) ° JOVRTM + 1
                            fpV R
                         ovRTM(NT) = JOVRTM]
                                   zzz
                                EVENT (NT) '5
                                   RETURN"]
   FIGURE 3-8
   Subroutine CINERA,   Model 2

-------
                                                                  -49-
                             TABLE 3-3

              A PART OF  THE PRINT-OUT OF RESULTS
                    FROM A  RUN  OF  MODEL 2

Tonnage Collected
Gross acres covered
Housing unit collected
Number of trips
Quitting time, hours of work
Traffic miles
Collection miles
Percent time collecting
Percent time in traffic
Percent time in dumping
Percent time off route
Collection cost per gross acre
Total cost per gross acre
Haul cost per ton
Collection cost per ton
Total cost per ton
Number of trucks on overtime
Average
9.13
189.46
812.00
2.03
7.83
48.80
19.74
54.81
20.87
2.55
21.77
0.39
0.69
2.61
7.22
12.79
9.00
Sigma
0.39
76.68
0.
0.18
1.30
4.38
7.99
13.19
4.74
1 .08
10.25
0.20
0.24
0.47
2.95
2.35

Maximum
9.88
416.29
812.00
3.00
11.45
72.00
43.36
76.99
40.27
5.58
45.23
0.96
1 .24
4.34
14.62
19.11

Minimum
8.45
105.69
812.00
2.00
6.09
48.00
11.01
28.73
12.50
1.22
7.48
0.12
0.25
1 .88
3.11
10.77

Each run of Models 1  and 2 produced six tables similar to the above. Each
of the tables gave results for 30 trucks operating at the same haul distance,
I, 4, 8, 12, 18, or 24 miles.  A lead statement before the  tables gave
other run conditions of neighborhood type, season, collection frequency, etc

-------
-50-
        CHAPTER 4:  RESULTS FROM  MODELS 1 AND 2










A .  Number of housing units serviced by g truck per day




Model 1 was programmed to simulate individual trucks working a full




eight  hour day yet hopefully not on overtime. As in actual operations,




some trucks in the model found traffic slow, dumping time  long, and




themselves on overtime.  Runs of Model  1 combined semiweekly and tri-




weekly collection frequencies with the four neighborhood types for two




sizes of collection trucks. The  term "run" is used here for the simulation




of the activity of six groups,  each of thirty trucks, all collecting solid




waste under the same variable values of days since last collection, neigh-




borhood type, season, collection frequency, and size of truck.  However




each group of thirty trucks has a different haul distance from its collection




neighborhood to  the disposal site.









Tables 4-1 and 4-2 show the average number of households served  and




the average gross acreage from which collection was made by the larger




trucks. Figure 4-1 may be used for preliminary planning as it gives the




average number of households which may be serviced as a function  of the




variables which most strongly affect the  result.  In general, the smaller




trucks served  from 85% to 95% of the number  of units shown for the larger

-------
                                                              -51-
CN
CO
LO
LU
_l
LO
U
z
j~> co
o
•=)
•j:
o_
h-
Z
6
z
z
" oo
5
_i
X
o~
t—
Z
O
z
z
Z)
10 oo co o
r\ oo co oo
• — CN OO CN
CO -O -
          < f*

-------
-52-

CN
oo
•

oo
LU
z ~

LU
U
z
00 00
Q

	 i
Z>
X

"*




r—

o_

(—
LU
Z
6
z
z
Z)
C£
IV -^- O 00
OO -O •**• CN

00 CN CN O
OO hv -r)- CN
*~


O K 00 O
O O uo CN


OO O 00 •—
r*^ o* in c?




00 OO .— |\
CN O -O OO
CN •—



CN O- l\ CN
LO ro i\ ^i"
CN i—


•— CN OO Tj-



IO 0 IV OO








(J
z
LLJ
Z)
0
LU
u_
z
0

h-
(J
LU
— 1
	 1
o
u
>-
	 1
LU
1 [ 1

^>
1









^r
CN
oo
1 —
CO
LU
— 1
^CN

LU
u
z
1—
00 oo
Q

13

X
^





^~


Q_
H-
LU
z
6
z
z
Z)
or
IO CN CN O
r*** ix> u~> c^)

r\ CN o -t
r— O LO 00
CN —


O LO OO —
00 CN fx. "*t
CN —


o- oo r-v, r\
.— •— -o oo
CN •—




•£) O- O -O
oo ix O -TJ-
CN •— •—



•^ N. OO ^O
r\ "^f oo ^
CN •—


— CN 00 -
II i Q^
H) ii i
0 ^K
LU J-J] U
LL. ^" Q^
z < *~
O 1 00 LU

r— s-\
{-) —i £x ^
=1 u?° Q
o *~g 2
V_x ^^ ^ O
. "-1-1
— J CO
LU ^
LLJ Z)

^> /— -
1—










-------
                                                                   -53-
                                                                          9
 S1INH dO  •ON
S1INO dO 'ON
                                                                          TJ
                                                                          01
                                                                      I
                                                                     
-------
-54-






trucks for the same run conditions.  Figure 4-2 is of less general applica-





tion, as the results in it are completely dependent on the ratio of gross




acres to net acres in the city of Baltimore .










B .  Sensitivity of responses to different random number sequences




Twenty-four values of results from each of three successive runs are shown





in  Table 4-3.  All affecting variables were held constant, but the




stochastic events were generated by different random number sequences.




Figure 4-3 shows graphically some of the same values.









C . Sensitivity of response to season




Model  1 gave the average number of units which could be serviced by a





single truck under controlled conditions of haul  distance to  incinerator,




neighborhood type in which collection was being done, type of truck, etc




Model  1 also gave the average unit cost of the entire day's operation for




the thirty trucks involved in dollars per ton.  The data showed  no statis-




tically significant difference in the collection rates between summer and




winter, but did indicate significant difference in the pounds per person of





solid waste generated.  Table  4-4 shows results  from six runs of these




models made for the  purpose of observing season effect on unit costs and




on the average number of units which an individual truck could service




in a day.  Figure 4-4 shows the same information graphically.

-------
                                                                  -55-
S3HOV SSO«9
S3MOV SSOM9
S3HOV SSOH9
                                       S3HOV SSOW9
                                                                        (U
                                                                       13
                                                                        ctf
                                                                        Q
                                                                        0)
                                                                        fc
                                                                   a
                                                                        to
                                                                        
-------
-56-








u
CM
CM
C
e*:








CO
i
CM
CN
C











^
1
CN
CN
C.
D
Cxi













C.
"
^

X
2
^

•a >
*- Q)
r> O

§


c
^
^

X
D

D >
C 0


C
o

*~ (D
?> Q
c
s

5








oo

.
rx

CM
rx
00


O
o
CO
IX
rx
rx
co
•
rx

o
IX
00
0
CO
0
o
CN
IX

in
CM
tx

CO
CM
CO



CM
co
o
X,
rx




JU
u
a»
~o
(J


CN
0
CN
O-
O
^j.
CN
r\

CM
0
-o

X
CO
CO



CN
o
CN
rx





v_
0
J
o
o
I

CN

O
CO

CN
IX
O

O
00

in
-o

IX
•
CO
CO

-o
rx
	
oo

in
o
"^

CN
^1-
co

CO
•o
^o


CO
rx
0
IX
^
CO
c
0)
~o
u
0)
E
P
c
0)
U
L_

CO
.
o
1 —

m
o
CO

-o
CO

X,
CM
CM

,—
.
in
•

CN
O
co
^.
CO

CN
^_
CN

CO
O
1 —

CO
,__
CO


o
CO
- ;
co
CN

O
"E
f—
c
_E
f—
c
a>
(J
£
•o

.
o
1 —
o
CN
^5
-—

ro
X
o
CN
CO
O
CM

o
1
O
rx
2
8
—
CN
CM
.—
• —
CM
in
o
r—
in
o
^.
•—


oo
rx
o
CO
t—
' —



0
t—
l_
8.
2
CO
o
U



1



1


,


—



1



1
1



CM



1



1



1

CN



1/1
D
I —
(U
E
-4—
(U
6
o
o
Z
                                   Q

                                   O
                                   O
                                   U_

                                   OO

                                   Z
                                   Z)
                                co Z
                                 I  LLJ

                                ^ Q


                                ^ Z
                                —i n i
                                CO Q_
                                •<( ULJ

                                I- Q

                                   Z


                                   co
on
   _
   0)
      I/*
 »"  X

 o °  o
 o x--
   o -S
                                                     CN
 (U

 o
-Q
_a


CM

T3
 C
 O
                                   O
                                   00
                                         E
                                         E
J- °    U)
S §  o J?  a. aJ

— => o 'E  -£"•-

S S"^ f TZ-o
.£ ^  o -g, o .2
"> cr  >.,    r-


HI 111

"o — "u "3  -S5 ^
§ -o  E §  "> ^
4 u £ x Z. u

-------
           9.0
            8.0
 TONNAGE
COLLECTED
 PER DAY
PER  TRUCK
            7.0
           6.0
                        j_
                                  I
                                               MAX
                                               MIN
I
                       22-A      22-8       22-C
                             RUN NUMBER
                                                     -57-
  COST
 $/TON
          I5.00r
          14.00
          13.00
          12.00
          11.00
          10.00
                                               MAX
                      22-A       22-B      22-C

                            RUN NUMBER
  FIGURE 4-3
  Sensitivity of Results to Different Random Number Sequences

-------
-58-

Tj-
CN

OO



Q
3
0
X
oo





•
E ^
D iC
co ^

in in
— CN
•O -O

in •*
o -o
x x

^o
0)
o o -o
•-in CN
t rx x>
a)
t/>
i/i
^.
'c
• IX O
0 CN 0
Z OO CN
""'



r> ^
in —
CN ^>

in oo
• — CN
— CO





•^J- rj-





00 CN
CO

u.
0> »-
E £
E .c
D IT
CO ^




Q
UJ
u
o:
LLI
CO
CO
Q
	 1
o
•n
LU
CO
Z)
O
T:
u_
0
ct;
LU
OQ
5
Z)
z
z
*+ o
4 5
LU Z
U-J J—
_l <
IP
I— co
u
t—

z.
— \
— /
7
6
z
o
CO
LU
CO
U_
O
>-
1—
>
1—
CO
z
LI 1
OO



-------
         20.00h
   $/TON
         10.00
                   NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE= I
                   NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE = 4
                    SUMMER

                    WINTER
                  4     8    12      18      24
                  HAUL DISTANCE, MILES
          I50O
  NO. OF
  UNITS   I00°
SERVICED

          5OO
                    NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE =4
                	SUMMER

                	 WINTER
               I    I	I	I
               I   4     8    12      18      24
                  HAUL DISTANCE, MILES
FIGURE 4-4
                                                  -59-
Sensitivity of Results  to Seasonal Effects

-------
-60-
D.  Cost comparison of semiweekly and triweekly collection frequencies




Model 2 gave average unit cost in dollars per ton for thirty trucks operating





a full day under task assignment of u  households per truck.  The u




assigned was that which Model 1 had produced under its similar program,





which had a workday closely averaging eight hours.










For semiweekly collection frequency, the trucks in Model 2 were assigned





the y obtained from Model  1's run with the same variable values of





neighborhood type, haul distance, truck  type, etc., and with four days





having passed since last collection.  This number of households continued




to be the assignment for the trucks' second passage over the route during





the last half of the week.  Three  days since last collection is programmed




for  this latter collection of the week.  This arrangement results in a longer




average workday and a greater average tonnage  for the first trip of the




week than for the last.  For this hypothetical route,  the tonnage collected




for  the week is the sum of the tonnages for the two days;  the total cost of




the week is the sum of total costs  of the two days; and the unit  cost is





this total cost divided by total tonnage .










For a triweekly collection frequency, the tonnages collected from three





days' activities were summed; the total costs of three days' activities were

-------
                                                                    -61-





summed;  and a quotient of dollars per ton was found.  The first of the three




days' activities was programmed in Model  2 with a  p  assignment of house-




holds equal to that average given by Model 1 under the given conditions




with three days having passed since last collection. This p number of





households was also the assignment for each truck both for the second and





third collections of the week. Two days since last collection are programmed





for these last two collections of the week.  This arrangement again resulted





in a  longer average workday and a greater average tonnage for Monday





and Tuesday than for the remaining four workdays of the week.










To illustrate:




TRIWKCOS  = cost in dollars per ton of triweekly collection from a




              neighborhood type  1 with a haul distance of 8 miles





DOLCOS17 = average day's cost for a truck with haul distance  of





              8 miles, from Run 17




TOTTON17 = average total tonnage collected by a truck with haul




              distance of 8 miles, from Run  17




DOLCOS21  = average day's cost for a truck with haul distance  of





              8 miles, from Run 21





TOTTON21  = average total tonnage collected by a truck with haul





              distance of 8 miles, from Run 21

-------
-62-
TRIWKCOS  =  PQICOS 17 + 2 (DOLCOS 21)
               TOTTON 17+2 (TOTTON 21)
Tables D-l through D-6 in Appendix D show data from runs and tabulation

of calculations.




Figure 4-5, 4-6, and 4-7 show unit costs of semiweekly and triweekly

collections by neighborhood types. These plotting arrangements allow

comparison of costs either with neighborhood types as the primary variable

being compared or with the collection frequency as the variable of primary

interest.




Most urban collection systems in the United States are of semiweekly fre-

quency.  An  attempt has been made to approximate the cost increase if

triweekly collection  became common . Figure 4-8 summarizes the answers

which Model  2 gave  to this question .  Two envelopes are drawn;  one  for

the least densely populated neighborhood type  1 and the other encompassing

the complex of points from the three denser neighborhood types.




E .  The relative effects of variables on unit costs

A five way analysis of variance study  was made to determine the  signifi-

cance  of different variables on the cost in dollars per ton of the entire

collection operation. The variables studied were:

-------
      20.00r-
$/TON
      10.00
                NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE = I
                NEIGHBORHOOD TYPES 2, 3, 8 4
                2 COLLECTIONS/WEEK
                         I
I
            I   4    8    12      18      24
               HAUL DISTANCE,  MILES
    FIGURE 4-5

    Collection Costs
      20.00
$/TON
       10.00
                NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE=I
                NEIGHBORHOOD TYPES 2, 3, 8 4
                3 COLLECTIONS/WEEK
            I   4    8    12       18     24
               HAUL DISTANCE,  MILES
    FIGURE 4-6
                                                  -63-
    Collection Costs

-------
-64-
»,
\t
\ I
\»
\»
\ 1
X A
\« ~
ac\\ *
UJ I1, uj
UJ \\ UJ
* V, *
•T i1 -•.
^ j
3 U8
.L
\
I «
D 0
D O
5 c5
M —




*""
'•
UJ
Q.
^-
H

Q
O
O
NEIGHBORH
i i

* —
CM


CO
UJ
_J
00 —
2E

•*
UJ
o

»,
J-
co
CO O
_J

-



        O
        I-
l\
1 \
\
1 \
1 *

M t
\ »
id\ » *
UJ \ 1 UJ
UJ I t UJ
at \ \ *
^ \ \Z
° \ :°
0 \ 1 0
10 x 4 CM
l\
> 0
3 O
5 c5



—
H

UJ
Q.

1-

O
O
o
X
ce
o
CD
X
0
UJ
z
CM

CO
UJ

9

JC

•»
UJ
o
CM Z
- <
CO
00 O
^1


        z
        o
\
I.
1 . 1,1
1\ w
z\\ *
1x1 11 -J


\ u o
o V w
o >V
",\
D O
D 0
5 o
VJ —
CM
II
111 —
UJ
QL
X
o
o
o
x
cc
o
CD _
X
o
UJ
z
_
CM
CO
UJ
cod
~ 2
UJ
0
C^ it^
~ 
-------
                                                        -65-
     1.20
   to
   o
   UJ

   jjj  1.10

   i
   UJ
   CO
   to
   o
   o
   ^ I.OO
   UJ
   UJ

   3;

   DC.
       .90 Li
                NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE =1
                 NEIGHBORHOOD TYPES =2. 3, a 4
                                            "••••,
                                            •c
            I    4     8     12       18      24

                HAUL DISTANCE,  MILES
FIGURE 4-8
Summary of Cost Comparision of Semiweekly and Triweekly Collection

-------
-66-







      1)  Capacity of trucks, three tons and five tons





      2)  Density per acre of housing units, less than ten units and




         more than forty units




      3)  Seasonal conditions, summer and  winter




      4)  Days since  last collection, three  and four




      5)  Haul distance, four miles and  eight miles










Table 4-5 is the matrix for this study.  The relative significance of the




variables on the cost is indicated in Table 4-6.










This shows significance is indicated at the 0.001 level for Housing  Density.




Significance  is indicated at the 0.05 level for the effect of the number of





Days Since Last Collection, the  effect of Haul Distance, and the two-way




interaction of Housing Density and Days Since Last Collection .










F .  Percentage of worktime  in different activities





The Models gave averages of times spent by trucks in different activities




during the day. Table 4-7 gives average values for two runs showing





time divisions for the different combinations of two neighborhood types and




six haul distances.  Figure 4-9 shows the same information graphically.

-------
-67-











1 y
~
•s^
a;
LU
O
C£
-1

















sx
=5
I—
_i
_i
<£
^
CO














1
X.
>:
jj
z










H
Q_
1 —
jj
Z









if
a.
>-
i—
LU
Z









T
O-
LLJ
Z





u.
C

^*



i_
CD

£

CO



o5
^
^


0)
E
E

CO



ju
C
>



E
E
CO


!_
0)
c

^


0)
E
E

CO


"*


oo



^«




oo


^J.


ro


^



CO


^


n


"*

ro


t






*


v^

X)
^>

»

•3-

30

^f


X)

t
X)

*•
X)

^"
X)
•^r

X)


•*
X)
rt

XI
«.

X)
^-

X)
^
X)

•^t-


X)
*
X)
<*

x>

^
1 1 1 1 IXI 1 IXXXXXX
1 1 1 IXXI IXXXIXI 1

1 1 IXIXIXIXIXIXI

1 1 IXXXIXXXI 1 1 IX

1 IXI IXXI 1 IXXI IX

1 IXIXXXIXIXI IXI


1 IXXIXXXI 1 IXXI 1

IIXXXXXXXIIIXXX
IXIIIIIIIIIIXXX

IXIIXIIIXIIXXII
IXIXIIIXllXIIXI

IXIXXI IXXIXXI IX
IXXIIIXIIXIIIIX
IXXIXIXIXXIXIXI

IXXXIIXXIXXIXII


1 XXXXI XXXXXXXXX
XI 1 1 1 1 1 1 IXXXXXX
XI 1 IXI 1 IXXXIXI 1

XI IXI 1 IXIXIXIXI
XI IXXI IXXXI 1 1 IX

XIXI 1 IXI 1 IXXI IX
XIXIXIXIXIXI IXI

XIXXI IXXI 1 IXXI 1
XI XXXI XXXI 1 IXXX
XXI 1 IXI 1 1 1 1 IXXX

XXI IXXI IXI IXXI 1


XXIXIXIXI IXI IXI
XXI XXXI XXI XXI IX
XXXI IXXI IXI 1 1 IX
XXXI XXXI XXI XI XI

XXXXI XXXI XXI XI 1

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
u
•"-J t/}
IX") _•—
^"^ LJ £Q ^J f^ ti J f J ^N . fl {j f LI J
^^
X
90'OL
£8 '8

fil'8

ZC'Z

Ol'OL

06 "8


6G ' 8

8£'Z
*£' 1 I

O/'ll
96'ZL

OS'OL
96 'f [
96' 11

£6" LI


Z9' 1 1
ZO' 1 1
99 '6

ZQ'8
Z/'Z

1 Z'Ol
81 '6

Ofr'8
SZ'Z
IKEL

It-' LL

f
2^'tl
§9'ZL
6?'Cl
frZ'21

1 / * 7 1

zo'n
en
n_i
2 §
•^f -^~~
^^ ^S)
































X
•*—
1 -<
•t •£•
UJ (1)
— ' o
< 0
H- •—
O
O
•—
X
"o
c
<












-------
-68-
 Source of Deviation
Sum of    Degrees of   Mean
Squares    Freedom   Squares
                   Fraction
A
B
C
D
E

AB
AC
AD
AE
BC
BD
BE
CD
CE
DE
Capacity of Trucks
Housing Density
Seasons
Days since last Collection
Haul distance
Two way interactions of
Trucks and Housing Density
Trucks and Season
Trucks and Days
Trucks and Haul Distance
Housing Density and Season
Housing Density and Days
Housing Density and Haul Dist.
Seasons and Days
Seasons and Haul Distance
Days and Haul Distance
3.10
103.25
0.26
7.24
7.35

0.32
0.33
0.05
0.06
0.83
5.46
0.03
0.37
0.13
0.33
3.10
103.25
0.26
7.24
1 7.35

0.32
0.33
0.05
0.06
0.83
5.46
0.03
1 0.37
1 0.13
1 0.33
3.22
108.66**
0.2»
7.51*
7 . /3*

0.34
0.35
0.05
0.06
0.87
5.74''
0.03
0.39
0.14
0.35
    Error
 15.12
16
0.951
     *  F(I,I6)0.05 = 4.54
     **  F(l,16)0.001   16.6
                              TABLE  4-6
               Relative Significance of Variables on Costs

-------
              -69-






•*—
c
8.
i/i
<]>
_E
*~
O
c
0)
U
o3
Q_















"D
0
a:
J.
O
^_
1
_c
"o
c


o
Jj£
*-4—
£

O)
•4—
U
0)
"o
U
•4—
15
"5
D
X
Q.
1—
7.
c.
D
Qi
OOOOOO OOOOOO
oooooo oooooo


NO oo •— • *•"" "^x co to 'T*T r^v *o "^j~ c*o
— — CNOJCNCN —'— — •— CNCN








-O CM CO •— \ ^ OCVJOCMIXIO
CNCNCNICNCO CSCOCOCNCO


•^•fxCOUO^O • — OO3OOO


•— ^* OO CM 3O ^ ^-^ODCMOO-
-j- D


(U M-





U o
 o

Z

-------
-70-
                                                                            co
                                                                            a)
                AVQ  ONIXdOM JO %
                                                                            VJ
                                                                            (U
                                                                            ••-I
                                                                            0
                                                                        cr>

                                                                         i

                                                                        
-------
                                                                    -71-
G .  Effect of varying the number of assigned units





Model  2 was programmed so that each group of trucks, thirty in number,





was assigned a definite number of household units per truck per day.




This number was the mean of the number of households serviced in Model





1 under similar conditions of the affecting variables, collection frequency,





neighborhood type, etc . It seemed possible that this mean might not be




the optimal number for assignment .  Perhaps a smaller assignment might





remove all trucks from overtime and so lower the cost per ton;  or perhaps




a larger assignment would cause  all crews to work at least the  full eight-




hour day for which they received pay and so lower  the cost per ton .










The following runs were  made to secure results for comparison of dollars





per ton costs of semiweekly collection under the conditions shown:

-------
-72-
Run
Number
34
51
52
38
71
72
35
55
56
39
75
76
33
81
83
37
82
84
Assigned
Task
u
y - 0
y + 0
M
y _ 0
y + a
y
y - a
M + a
y
y - o
y + o
y
y - o
y + a
y
y - o
y + o
Days since last
Collection
4
4
4
3
3
3
4
4
4
3
3
3
4
4
4
3
3
3
Neighborhood
Type
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
Tables D-7 to D-12 in Appendix D give the results from the above and




calculation tabulations.

-------
                                                                     -73-

After making these runs, no inflection points were within the range

investigated; therefore four more runs were made for the purpose of

extending the curves in the direction of decreasing cost values.
         Run       Assigned    Days since last      Neighborhood
       Number	Task	Collection	Type
53
73
57
77
p + 3a
y + 30
M + 3°
y + 3o
4
3
4
3
2
2
3
3
The results from the above and calculation tabulations are also in Tables

D-7to D-12 in Appendix D.



Figure 4-10 shows cost results graphically.  The curves decrease asymptotically

in the direction of increasing task assignments.  Figure 4-11 shows the number

of trucks out of each set of thirty which went on overtime for the indicated

conditions.

-------
-74-
                                                        ro
                                                         o
                                                         o
                                                         o
                                                         X
                                                         DC
                                                         o
                                                         CD
                                                         X
                                                         CD
          O
          q
          o
          C\J
o
q
in
o
q
6
o
q
in
                           1SOO  N01/$
                                                   CVJ
                                                                                UJ
                                                                                Q
                                                                                o
o
a:
u_
w>
UJ
                                                         UJ
                                                         a
                                                         Q
                                                         O
                                                         O
                                                         I
                                                         tr
                                                         o
                                                         CD
                                                         X
                                                                            LU   m
                                                                            Q   <
                                                                       b
                                                                       10
                                                   ""•  <
                                                   or  >
                                                   o
                                                   u_
                                                                                UJ
                                                                            Z   UJ
                                                   o
                                                   I
                                                   UJ
                                                   in
                                                   =>
                                                   o
                                                   i
          O
          q
          d
          (M
O
o
o
o
o
q
in
                            1SOO  N01/
                                                   tr
                                                   UJ
                                                   m
o

tr
UJ
CO
                                                         o
                                                         o
                                                         o
                                                         X
                                                         O  UJ
                                                         CD  a.
                                                         x  >
                                                            ii (A
                                                              tc
                                      a.
                                      tn
                                    *   ir
                                    V)   Ul
                                    <   >
                                    t-   <

                                    Q   UJ
                                    UJ   I
                                                                            CO  —
                                                                                       O
                                                                                       r-l


                                                                                        I
                                                                                       o
           O
           q
           d
           CVJ
o
q
in
o
q
6
O
q
in
                                                                     d
                                                                     01
                                                      (50

                                                      cn




                                                      en

                                                      H

                                                      >.
                                                      ^H
                                                      •H

                                                      Q
                                                                     
-------
                                                       -75-
          30r
 NUMBER
   OF
 TRUCKS
   ON
OVERTIME
          20
           10
                     NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE 1
              I   4    8    12     18
                     HAUL DISTANCE
                 24
                     NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE 3
          30r°
 NUMBER
    OF
 TRUCKS
    ON
OVERTIME
            0
               I  4
 8   12     18
HAUL DISTANCE
 FIGURE 4-11
 Number of Trucks on Overtime with Different Daily Tasks

-------
 -76-
     CHAPTER 5:   THE  POLICIES AND STRUCTURE OF MODEL  3










Model  3 has been described briefly in Chapter I .  A more detailed dis-





cussion follows, giving the nature of the model, the controllable variables,





the range of values which may be given them, and the mechanics of




usage.










Frequent reference will be made in this chapter to a "run" of Model 3.




A run simulates collection activity by 20 cubic yard collection trucks  in





a particular urban area for one week, Monday through Saturday.  The




area may be composed of many subareas of different population densities,





all having solid waste collection being made by one agency under a set




of policies which  remain  constant for the entire week.  A transfer station




may or may not be present in the model .  Model responses include the




week's costs  in dollars per ton of the collection trucks  operation, of the





transfer station operation, and of their sum. Mileage figures, distribution





of overtimes, summation of trips made, tonnage by days, costs by days,





average length of working days, etc ., are also presented .  Table 5-1  is





a sample of Model 3 results.

-------
                                                    -77-
   SOMD WASTE COLLECTION  SIMULATION RUN NUMBER   23

                      MODEL   THREE
     THIS IS A SIMULATION   RUN ON A PORTION OF THE CITY
OF BALTIMORE,  APPROXIMATELY   DESCRIBED AS  'THAT TRACT
BOUNDED ON THE NORTH  BY  THE CITY LIMITS, ON THE EAST liY
YORK AVENUE, ON  THE SOUTH  BY   NORTH AVENUE,  AND ON THE
WEST BY THE CITY LIMITS.1

     WITHIN  THIS  TRACT,   13  RESIDENTIAL AREAS, EACH OF
PARTICULAR HOUSING DENSITY, HAVE BEEN GIVEN NUMBER DES-
IGNATIONS FROM I TO   13.    TABLE ONE BELOW  LISTS THESE
AREAS AND DATA PERTINENT TO EACH. 24 COLLECTION TRUCKS,
ALL COMPACTER TYPE ARE OF   20 CUBIC YARD CAPACITY, HAVE
BEEN ASSIGNED TO THESE 13  AREAS TO MAKE  COLLECTION   2
TIMES PER WEEK.

     THE CREWS   ASSIGNED TO THt TRUCKS ARE A DRIVt'R AND
THREE LABORERS ON  MONDAYS,  TUESDAYS AND WEDNESDAYS, AND
A DRIVER AND TWO LABORERS  ON  THE REMAINING DAYS.

     TABLE TWO LISTS  THE ASSIGNED  COLLECTION TRUCKS BY
NUMBER AND LISTS DATA PERTINENT FOR EACH.
             TABLE  5-1A

-------
-78-
                      *•* TABLE   ONE »**
AREA
NUMBER

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
NFIGHfUW-
HtJOO TYPE

I
2
1
2
3
2
1
2
3
4
4
3
3
HOUSING
UNITS
TOTAL
5711
1099
6124
2079
11186
96b9
7299
1887
5906
10519
6/31
2317
3937
TRUCKS
HAUL
MILES
3.28
^.25
2.35
1.31
0.49
2.39
1.57
2.3?
1.69
3.05
3.30
2.59
3.24
ASSIGNED
UNITS PtR
TRUCK
951
1099
1020
1039
1118
1207
1042
943
1181
956
961
1158
984
NUMBER
OF
IUKJTI
6
1
6
2
10
8
7
2
5
11
7
2
4

S













                        TABLE 5-IB

-------
                                  -79-
**» TABLE   TWO *»»
TRUCK
NUMBER
1
I
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
A
4
5
5
5
6
6
6
7
7
7
8
8
8
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
ASSIGNED
TO AREA
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
f
7
7
7
UNITS TO
COLLECT
951
951
951
951
951
951
1099
1020
1020
1020
1020
1020
1020
1039
1039
1118
1118
1118
1118
1118
1118
1118
1118
1118
1118
1207
1207
1207
1207
1207
1207
1207
1207
1042
1042
1042
1042
1042
1042
1042
HAUL
DISTANCE:
3.28
3.28
3.28
3.28
3.28
3.28
2.25
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
1.31
1.31
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
2.39
2.39
2.39
2.39
2.39
2.39
2.39
2.39
1.57
1.57
1.57
1.57
l.5t
1.57
1.57
NEIGHBOR-
HOOD TYPE
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
DAYS TO
COLLECT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WtDSAT
MONTHU
FUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRl
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WTDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
  TABLE 5-1C

-------
-80-
                    *•* TABLE   TWO »**
                        (CONTINUED)
TRUCK
NUMBER
14
14
15
15
15
16
16
16
17
17
17
18
18
18
19
19
19
20
20
20
21
21
21
22
22
22
23
23
23
24
24
24
ASSIGNED
TO AREA
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
IU
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
0
UNITS TO
COLLECT
943
943
11U1
1181
1181
1181
1181
956
956
956
956
956
956
956
956
956
956
956
961
961
961
961
961
961
961
1158
1158
984
984
984
984
0
HAUL
DISTANCE
2.37
2.37
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.30
3.30
4.30
3.30
3.30
3.30
3.30
2.59
2.59
3.24
3.24
3.24
3.24
0.00
NEIGHBOR-
HOOD TYPE
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
HAYS TO
COLLECT
TUEEk i
WEDS AT
MONTHU
TUEERI
rtEDSAT
MONTHU
TUETKl
WEDSAT
MONIHU
TUEFRI
WEDSAI
MONTHU
TUEERI
WFDSAT
MUNTHU
TUEEKl
WEDSAT
MUNTHU
TUEERI
WEDSAT
MONTHU
TUEERI
WEUSAT
MONTHU
TUEERI
WEDSAT
MUNTHU
TUEf-RI
wtDSAT
MONTHU
TUEI-R I
WEDSAT
                       TABLE  5-ID

-------
                                                      -81-
      IN THIS RUN THERE IS A TRANSFER  STATION WHERE THE
 COLLECTION TRUCKS BRING THEIR LOADSt  THE  SOLID WASTE IS
 TRANSFERRED TO  75 CUBIC  YARD  TRAILERS   AND CARRIED IM
 THESE TRAILERS PULLED BY TRACTORS  TO  THE  FINAL DISPOSAL
 SITE.  THE TRANSFER STATION IN  THIS RUN HAS A  CAPACITY
 OF  290 TONS PER DAY AND REQUIRES AN INITIAL  INVESTMENT
 OF  4428000.00,THE FINAL DISPOSAL SITt IS  AT COORDINATES
 FX  «-39600., FY = 39000. THE TRANSFER STATION IS AT CO-
 ORDINATES, TX =  66000., TY =   39000. THE DISTANCE FROM
 THF TRANSFER STATION TO THE FINAL  DISPOSAL SITE IS 20.0
 MILES.   5 TRAILERS AND   2  TRACTORS  WORK  OUT OF THE
 TRANSFER STATION.

      THE MAP TITLED fMAP FOR SIMULATION RUN   23  SHOWS
 THE RESIDENTIAL AREA DIVISIONS  AND THE LOCATIONS OF THE
 TRANSFER STATION AND THE FINAL  DISPOSAL  SITE.  THb RUN
 HAS SIMULATED ONE WEEKS OPERATION, AND THE  RESULTS ARE
 SHOWN BELOW.

 1.  COST OF COLLECTION TRUCKS OPERATION   ...   13663.19

 2.  COST OF TRANSFER STATION AND
               TRAILER TRACTOR OPERATION   ...    23/1.00

 3.  TOTAL COST OF WEEKS ACTIVITY   	   16034.19

 4.  TONNAGE COLLECTED IN WEEK    	    1535.48

 5.  DOLLARS PER TON COST FOR COLLECTION
                        TRUCKS OPERATION   ...       8.90

 6.  DOLLARS PER TON COST FOR TRANSFER
           STATION AND TRACTOR OPERATION   ...       1.54

 7.  DOLLARS PEK TON FOR ENTIRE WEEKS WORK  ...      10.44

 8.  COLLECTION TRUCK TRAFFIC MILEAGE   	     1826.9

 9.  COLLECTION TRUCK NEIGHBORHOOD MILEAGE  ...     2024.7

10.  TRAILER TRACTOR TRAFFIC MILEAGE 	     1920.0
                       TABLE 5-iE

-------
 -82-
11. NUMBER OF COLLECTION  TRUCKS GETTING
    ONE HOUR OF OVERTIME  DURING WEEK
12. NUMBER OF COLLECTION  TRUCKS GFTITNG
    TWO HOURS OF OVERTIME  DURING WEEK

13. NUMBER OF TRUCKS  GETTING MORE THAN
    TWO HOURS OF OVERTIME  OURING WEEK
14. THERE WERE    1   BREAKDOWNS OR FLAT TIKES  ON
    COLLECTION  TRUCKS  DURING THE WEEK.

15. THE COLLECTION  TRUCKS  MADE   412 TRIPS DURING
    THb WEEK.

16. THE TRAILER TRACTOR  RIGS MADE    48 TRIPS
    DURING THE  WEEK.

                        AVE   SIG   MAX   MIN
17. TIME IN MINUTES
    IN DISPOSAL 	   7.74  3.85 25.LHJ  2.00

18. PERCENT TIMF  SPENT BY  COLLECTION TRUCKS
            IN  COLLECTING...     57.9
            IN  TRAFFIC	     14.2
            IN  DISPOSAL  ....      b.l
            OFF ROUTE  	     22.8

                         AVE   SIG   MAX   MIN
19. HOURS IN WORKDAY    6.5   1.3  12.8   4.1
                        TABLE 5-1F

-------
                                                      -83-
20. PERCENT OF TIME THAT
    STATION QUEUES WERE
      TRANSFER

NO
ONE
TWO
THRFE
FOUR
FIVE
SIX
SEVtN
EIGHT
NINE
TEN


TRUCKS
TRUCK
TRUCKS
TRUCKS
TRUCKS
TRUCKS
TRUCKS
TRUCKS
TRUCKS
TRUCKS
TRUCKS
MORE
QUEUE 1
57.27
29.95
10.58
2.16
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
QUEUE 2
64.57
27.92
7.05
0.44
0.00
0,00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
21. MAXIMUM LENGTH  OF  QUEUE  IS

22. RESUME OF  WEEK
       DAY   WEIGHT COLLECTED
                   IN TONS
    MONDAY	
    TUESDAY	
    WEDNESDAY...
    THURSDAY....
    FRIDAY	
    SATURDAY....
298.55
296.16
282.69
220.88
220.22
216.99
COST OF DAY
 IN DOLLARS

   3026.00
   3043.15
   3016.87
   2324.62
   2354.lb
   2269.40
                        TABLE  5-1G

-------
 -84-
23. NUMBER OF  TRIPS  BY TRAILERS
TRAILER
TRAI
TRAI
TRAI
TRAI
LE*
LER
LEK
LER
71
72
73
74
75
MADE
MADE
MADE
MADL
MADE
1
1
I
1

3
1
1
0
3
TRI
TRI
TRI
TRI
TRI
PS
PS
PS
PS
PS
OUR
OUR
DUR
OUR
DUR
I
I
I
I
1
NG
NG
NG
NG
NG
WEEK
MEEK
WEEK
WEEK
WEEK
24. NUMBER OF  TRIPS  BY TRACTORS
    TRACTOR  51  MADE  25 TRIPS DURING WEEK.
    TRACTOR  52  MADE  23 TRIPS DURING WtfcK.

25. NUMBER Uf-  TRACTORS GETTING  ONE
    HOUR OF OVERTIME DURING WEEK	   3
26. NUMBER OF  TRACTORS GETTING  TWO
    HOURS OF OVERTIME  DURING WEEK 	   2

27. NUMBER OF  TRACTORS GETTING MORE
    THAN TWO HOURS  OF  OVERTIME 	   a
                        TABLE 5-1H

-------
                                                                      -85-






                             LIMITATIONS







General  limitations in a single run of Model 3 are:




      (1)  only one transfer station can exist, although its location




          can change with different runs.




      (2)  only one final disposal  site  can exist, although its




          location can change with different runs.




      (3)  only one size of collection truck and one size of haul




          trailer can exist, although the two sizes can be changed




          with different runs.









                         SIMULATED  SYSTEMS







A single  run of Model 3 can be made with one of three simulated systems;




the decision as to which rests  with the investigator.  These are:




      (1)  Model 3A .  Collection  trucks make  neighborhood collections




          and then take their loads to a final  disposal site.




      (2)  Model 3B.  Collection trucks make neighborhood collections




          and take their loads to a nearby transfer station  with a suf-




          ficient number of unloading spaces so that there are no




          collection truck  queues. Tractor-trailer rigs then carry the




          solid waste from  the transfer station to the final  disposal site.

-------
 -86-






      (3)  Model 3C.  Collection trucks make neighborhood collections




          and take their loads to a nearby transfer station with two




          unloading spaces, so that at times queueing exists.  Tractor-





          trailer rigs carry the solid waste from the transfer station to




          the final disposal site .










                      SEVEN  POLICY  DIVISIONS







The most important control exercised by the investigator is that of which




these three systems will be simulated.   Policy decisions must be made also




for:




      (1)  The extent of urban area to  be investigated:




          This decision will normally  be based on considerations other




than model limitations.  This report investigates  the Northwest Division




of the City of Baltimore, an area delineated by the  Baltimore Bureau of




Sanitation as one of four into which the City is divided, and the one from




which collection is most expensive . Its area is approximately 20 square




miles.  The only constraints on size of the subject area in the model is





that it must require no more than 50 collection trucks in the field per day;





 it must  lend itself to division into no more than 25 subareas, each of con-




stant neighborhood type; and no more  than 10 tractors and 20 trailers must





be required to operate from its transfer station .

-------
                                                                     -87-
      (2)  Frequency of Collection:




          The model operates for either semiweekly or triweekly





collection policy.




      (3)  The size of the collection trucks:




          Any size truck may be used in the model; size  is expressed in




net loaded pounds, not cubic yardage.  However the structure of the model





generates a daily assignment of household units taken from Model  1 results




for the larger 20 cubic yard trucks.  The smaller  13 cubic yard trucks in





general gave responses which indicated their assignment capability was




about 0.85 to 0.95 of the larger  trucks. Simulation runs  with the smaller





trucks must set the correction factor ASSUNK to 0.90 to reflect this





reduced potential .





      (4)  The size and type of the transfer trailers:




          The model will accept any capacity trailers; the system constraints




are the state motor vehicle laws.  The trailer length limitations appear to




govern more often than weight  limitations unless auxiliary compaction of




the material is carried out at the  transfer station .




      (5)  The transfer station site and routes between it and the subareas:





          The model will accept any location within or beyond the urban




area being investigated.

-------
 -88-






      (6)  The final disposal site and the routes to it:




          In Model 3A, the collection trucks make the haul  to the final




disposal site.  For this model, if the urban area is very large, i.e., of the




order of 300,000 population, the site must be correspondingly close that no




more than 50 collection trucks are required; also, the route for no truck can




exceed a distance of 24 miles.  In Models 3B and 3C, the tractor-trailer




rigs make the haul to  the final disposal site; for these models, there  is no




distance constraint other than  that the site must be sufficiently close that




no more than 20 trailers or 10 tractors are required for the transfer station




operation.




      (7)  Overtime pay:




          The user has the option of paying or not paying overtime.









                    SYSTEM  DATA  REQUIREMENTS







These seven operating decisions above complete the  system's policy decisions.




The investigator, in addition to the above, must use the values in the present




program, or supply other more applicable data, for the  following:  Distribu-




tions which  reflect collection  rates in pounds per hour for different conditions




of neighborhood type  and days of accumulation of waste, collection trucks'




dumping times, trailer dumping times, number of  household per acre by




neighborhood type, and pounds of waste generated per capita per day.

-------
                                                                     -89-
Regression equations of traffic velocity on traffic distance are in the model




with coefficients of which can be changed in the data block. The standard




error of estimate used with these equation can be changed also. Equations




are present in the model which give as dependent variable  the number of




housing units to be assigned to collection trucks. The haul distances in




miles are the  independent variables,  and three 2-dimensional matrices list




the equation coefficients as functions of neighborhood types and collection




frequency per week .  These coefficient values can be changed in the data




block if desired .









Also, values must be decided for data; the values used in the runs of this




study are shown in parentheses.




      (1)  The average number of persons per housing unit for each




          neighborhood type;  (2.7,  2.9, 3.1,  3.4)




      (2)  Amortization time period and  interest rate  for transfer station




          structures and appurtenances; (30 years and 10%)




      (3)  Capital  investment in transfer station  land; (varied with station




          size, but ranged from $40,000 to $80,000)




      (4)  Ratio of gross acreage to net acreage  by neighborhood types;




          (1.3, 1.4,  1.6, 1.9)




      (5)  Hourly operating cost for collection trucks; ($4.40)

-------
-90-
      (6)  Hourly operating cost for tractor-trailer rigs; ($11 .00)





      (7)  Minimum off route time to be charged to truck crews: (50 minutes)




      (8)  Driver and  laborer daily pay scales; ($20 .00 and $18 .00)




      (9)  Amount of tax revenue lost from city's use of transfer station




          land rather than private use of it; (none,  as use was of land which





          would otherwise be park)




      (10) Monthly utility cost of transfer station; ($100)




      (11) The frequency of truck breakdowns or flat tires, and the off-





          route time  to be charged in such event; (one every 1000  traffic





          miles)










                      STRUCTURE OF  MODEL 3







The list of processing  programs prepared by  Dr. Mandell  Bellmore again was




used in  this model . A MAIN program served as the focal point out of which




the operating subroutines were called .  The structure of the model may be




thought of as being divided  into three blocks as shown in  Figure
                                                             5-1 .
The dictionary in MAIN is in two parts, one for list processing terms, the





other for the simulation variables.  BLOCK DATA has been described in





Chapter 3 .

-------
                                                                     -91-
MAIN Program with




complete dictionary
BLOCK Data
 (1) Model accepts policies for





run;  initializes variables to




proper values and carries out





many calculations for truck





assignments by days of week .




Tables I and 2 are listed .







(2)  Simulation  of six day1 s




activity is made with summaries




of system  responses at the end




of each day.







(3)  Summary of the entire week's




activity is made.  Applicable




calculations are carried  out.





System responses are listed .
               FIGURE  5-1. General Schematic of Model 3

-------
 -92-







Block 1 of Figure 5-1 serves as a necessary preface to the actual simula-





tion of the weeks operations of solid waste collection and eventual





transport to a final disposal site .  Five subroutines are called by DRIVER.





These read specific  run data as which  of the three systems is to be used,





i.e., Model 3A, 3B, or 3C, collection frequency, etc.; the many variables





are initialized to proper values; the traffic distances from the subareas are




calculated; the number of households to be assigned to each truck each





day of the week is calculated, and the total number of trucks for the system




is found; trucks by number are  assigned to routes in subareas by number for




each day of the week. The daily cost of the transfer station is calculated .




A paragraph which describes the conditions for which the run is being made




is printed; Tables 1  and 2 are printed .










Block 2 of Figure 5-1 is structured within an "1 = 1, 6" loop, which for the




six  days of the week sequentially does the following:




      (a)  Calculates the route number for the trucks for the day of the





          week. If triweekly collection frequency is being simulated,





          Monday, Wednesday, and Friday work covers Route  1;





          Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday work covers Route  2.





          Three routes per week exist for semiweekly collection .





      (b)  Calculates the total number of trucks to be  fielded for the




          particular day.  This is not constant throughout the week.

-------
                                                                     -93-





      (c)  Calls TIMER subroutine which,  in turn, call subroutines which




          initialize to zero those  variables which must be initialized




          at the beginning of each day, starts trucks on their tasks, and




          coordinates and records their activities until the day's end .




          TIMER also controls and records the  activities at the transfer




          station.  Finally Block 2 calculates the simulated costs of the




          day1 s operations.









Block 3 processes system1 s responses for the entire week by making necessary




calculations and calling statistical subroutines.  The latter includes formats




and commands for result listing.










Figure 5-2 shows a more detailed interaction of the MAIN program with




the subroutines. The three blocks  of Figure 5-1 again are delineated .  A




discussion follows concerning individual subroutines positioned in Figure 5-2.









                       BLOCK 1 SUBROUTINES







(1)    RUNDAT: Gives command to read run values for:




      (a)  COLFRE, collection frequency:  may be 2 or 3.




      (b)  ASSSUN, value of 0. causes simulation of  Model 3A;




                    value of I. causes simulation of Model 3B;




                    value of 2. causes simulation of  Model 3C .

-------
-94-
                            SINVd B 'XNH'IIJ 'iSVTId  '1SJTIJ  '1STW3H '1SJH3M

                      'X1HOOI  SV H30S  S3NlinOH8nS Ailllin e 9NISS30OMd iSIT
                                                                                                      en
                                                                                                      01
                                                                                                      3
                                                                                                      o
                                                                                                      3
                                                                                                     CO
                                                                                           CM
                                                                                            O
U-l
O

c
o
•H
4J
O
CX)

0)
•U
ti

-------
                                                               -95-






(c)  ASSUNK, a control variable:  normally equal to one.  The




    number of household units assigned to any truck is equal to the





    product of ASSUNK and the number of household units generated





    by the regression equations.




(d)  TRLHAL: the distance from transfer station to final disposal




    site in miles.





(e)  RUNNO:  run number.




(f)  K:  random number generator seed .




(g)  NOTRC: number of tractors at transfer station if given a value




    of a positive integer; if given a value of zero, the program cal-




    culates a NOTRC value  from a deterministic equation which





    has trailer haul distance, collection  frequency,  trailer capacity,





    population served, and  average weight  generated per day per





    person as independent variables.




(h)  Q9, a control variable,  when equal to zero no overtime  is paid




    to collection truck crews; when equal to one, overtime is paid.




(i)  Q10,  a control variable which is set equal  to 1 if collection




    truck  traffic distance is to be calculated from coordinates.  If





    Model 3A is being run, it may be set equal to zero which will





    set all collection truck  traffic distances equal to a constant




    value, e.g., TRLHAL.

-------
-96-







(2)    ZERINT:  Initializes most variable values to zero; sets all tractors to




      "idle and empty" status; puts first trailer in  "being loaded" status.





(3)    TABL 1: Calculates haul distances from each subarea to the collec-




      tion truck's dumping  destination, and calculates number of households





      which comprise a daily truck task for each of the subareas. Calculates





      the number of truck routes in each subarea.





(4)    TABL 2: Calculates total number of collection trucks in the model;





      assigns trucks by number to areas by number  for each day of the week;




      calculates each truck's attributes of haul distance,  neighborhood





      type, and  size of assigned task; calculates size, capital investment,





      and number in  labor force  at transfer station; calculates daily cost




      of transfer station from the sum of the  following costs:   labor, land,




      utilities, appurtenances and  structures,  and  loss from tax revenue not




      realized .




(5)     TBLPRN:  Gives formats and commands for  printing lead paragraph




      which describes the system being simulated and formats and commands




      for Tables 1 and 2. Table 1  lists the subareas and their attributes.




      Table  2 lists each truck and its attributes such as assignments,  haul





      distances, subarea in which it is to work, etc ., by days of the week .

-------
                                                                    -97-






                       BLOCK  2  SUBROUTINES







Many of these are list processing or utility types and serve the identical




function in Model 3 as they did in  Models 1 and 2.  Reference is made to




Chapter 3 in which descriptions are given of the following subroutines




common to all three models:  TIMER,  CAUSE, CREATE, FILFST, FILAST,




FILRNK, IDCHK, PACK,  REMFST, UNPACK, CLOCK, HIST, RANDOM,




RANDER,  and SSWTCH. Subroutine  STAC is identical with Model 2 STAT .










(1)    DAYSUM: Calculates separately each day1 s costs of collection




      trucks activities and of transfer station tractor-trailer operations.




(2)    XINIT:  Initializes list processing variables to proper values.




(3)    INIT1:   Initializes to zero each morning those simulation variables




      which have had their values  changed during the preceding day's




      operation .




(4)    DATMAK: Fields the trucks  at the  beginning of each day and records




      their movement into traffic in the list processing subroutines.




(5)    TRAFIC:  Records each collection truck's accumulative time and




      distance in traffic, both to and from the collection area.  Possibility




      of flat tires and breakdown is included.




(6)    COLECT: Generates number of miles that each truck covers while




      collecting; generates a different collection rate for crew for each

-------
 -98-







      Irip to collection neighborhood; generates total weight to be





      collected by each truck for each day;  notes when day's task  is





      finished for  each truck, and accumulates total  time  spent in





      collection .





(7)    RIGOUT: Counts number of trips for trailer-tractor  rigs, for





      trailers separately, and for tractors separately; generates dumping





      time at final disposal  site from a normal  distribution; generates





      traffic speeds and elapsed times in traffic both  to and from final





      disposal site; records  actual operating time of  rigs for cost cal-





      culations.





(8)    RIGBAK:  Checks and records when trailer-tractor rigs are on over-





      time; determines if a  full trailer awaits the returning tractor, and





      if so, combines them and dispatches them .





(9)    DISPSL:     Notes whether Model 3A, 3B, or  3C  is being simulated;





      generates dumping time from  histogram; directs truck to shorter of





      the  two queues when applicable; records total number of collection





      truck trips;  notes if trailer becomes full  and replaces it with an





      empty one when applicable; dispatches full trailer to disposal  site





      if tractor is  available, otherwise sets its status to "idle and fuM",





      notes overtime for collection trucks at end of day, notes when quit-





      ting time permits truck servicing and records off-route time for this





      activity.

-------
                                                                    -99-





                       BLOCK  3 SUBROUTINE







(1)    WEEKSM:  Sums the six days of collection truck's costs to give the




      week1 s total; sums the six days of transfer station trailer-tractor costs




      to give the week's total; calls statistical routines for calculations




      of desired  output; summarizes queueing operations.




(2)    FNLPRN:  Lists formats and commands,switching as needed  for




      Models 3A,  3B, and 3C .

-------
-100-






                        LOGIC FLOW CHARTS







Five subroutines of prototype activities have been described; they are





TRAFIC,  COLECT,  DISPSL, RIGOUT, RIGBAK .  Their logic  flow charts




are presented in Figures 5-3 through 5-7.










                   MISCELLANEOUS ASSUMPTIONS





        LIMITATIONS,  AND COMMENTS ON MODEL THREE







(1)  Collection frequencies other than semiweekly or triweekly cannot be





simulated on the model;  this reduces its general applicability as simulation





of once-weekly or daily systems are eliminated .










(2)  In TRAFIC and RIGOUT subroutines, the truck and tractor speeds are




drawn from a normal distribution which has as mean a val ue taken from a




regression equation of log speeds on trip distances.  The coefficients of




these equations and the standard deviations of the distribution can be changed





by changing their values  on data cards.  Maximum and minimum values for





these speeds can be varied equally easily. The form of the equation is





within the program however, and coding change would be necessary if





another type of equation  is desired .

-------
                                   TRAFIC CALLED
                                      BY TIMER
                        YES
                               TRFDIS(NT).GT. RM X DST
                           NO
                   VELMU - VELMUT



VELMU •
RKA +RKB*TRFD!S
                          CALL RANDM(VELMU.VELSIG, TVELOG)

                                         1          '
                                TRFVEL«IO*-*TVELOG
                         YES

            NO
       _L
                 TRFVEL.LE. VELMAX?
<  TRFVEL.6T. VELMIN ?

          YES
                          NO
TRFVEL=VELMAX
       L
                          I
                                                 ITRFVEL «VELMIN \
                         [ TRFTMZ - TRFDIS(NT)/TRFVEL* 60 ]

                         [TRAFTM(NT) -TRAFTM(NT) + TRFTMZ]
                                         I
                                   [RND= RNNR(0) |
                                         I
                           [FLATNO * PRBFLT x TRFDIS(NT) |
                                         I       :
                           YES
                                  RND.GT. FLATNO
                        NO
                    TIME(NT) • TIME(NT)
                         +TRFTMZ
             | OR(NT) -OR (NT) 4- FLTLTM |

                         i       ""
                                              TIME(NT) = TIME(NT)
                                              + TRFTMZ -»-FLTLTM
                           YES s~
                            f<
                                 1
     EVENT(NT) .GT. 1 ?
                         NO
                     I EVENT (NT) -4 |
                   | EVENT (NT) - 2
                        \ TRFMIL(NT) -TRFMIL(NT) +TRFDIS(NT)
                                       RETURN
                FIGURE 5-3
                                                                        -101-
                 Subroutine TRAFIC,  Model 3

-------
-102-
                               (COLLECT [

                                   I
                          NETYP • TNETYPINT, NOR)
                         YES
                                          NO


200

f


| RND'RNNR(O) * 100 j




N3N • DSLC -1.




,- 	 1 GO TO (271, 272, 273, 274), NET YP|
_2_
2
2
2

- — -( GO TO
^— -j GO TO




(281 , 282,283 ), N3N [— "i
(284, 285, 286


), N3N [-•

73 »| GO TO (287, 288, 289 ), N3N |—

M »| GO TO



(290, 291 , 292 ), N3N J— -
-,
Z°'H CALL
HISTIHISC 1 2, RND, Y ) (— -,

i i^ CALL

1 ">j CALL

h— H CALL
285 i 	
• *\ CALL
-^ij CALL
HISTIHISC 13 ,RND, Y ) [— .



HISTIHISCI4.RND.Y) |— •



HISTIHISC 22, RND.Y ) |—



HISTIHISC 23, RND.Y ) f—
HIST 1 HISC 24, RND, Y ) (— •

— -^ CALL HIST (HISC 32, RND.Y ) (— H
288 i 	
-ii^j CALL



HIST(HISC33,RND,Y) 1— •!
„ _ _
.[ CALL

HIST(HISC34,RND,Y) (—



" •[ CALL HIST ( HISC 42, RND, Y ) | — •*




— — *\ CALL HISTIHISC 43, RNO, Y ) (—J
nnr.
^— ~\ CALL HIST (HISC 44, R









100

| TRIP(NT) • 1 |


[ RND • RNNR(O) X 100. |



,
J — | GO TO (202, 204,206,208), NETYP j


	 «| CALL HtSKHISTUI ,RNO,Y)J 	 1
	 »j CALL HIST(HISTL) 2, RNO, Y) J— .

	 •) CALL HI ST(HISTU3, RND.Y) | — i

' 	 ^ CALL HIST (HISTU4, RNO, Y) | 	 •
210

•
to
»
»

| UNACRE • Y |

-

ACRE-TNOHUNINT, NDR)XCORACR(NETYP)
/UNACRE

.

CALL RANDOM ( PN DM U. PNDSIG. PNDPE R) 1
~
r
WATE (NT) - PE RUN (NETYP) X PNDPE R
*DSLCXTNOHUN(NT,NDR)


1 WT * WT + WATE (NT)
i 	
i
SCOLML • SCOLML -f
(ACRE X COL ML K I NETYP)/ 5280.)

295
\




                               COLRAT-T"!
                                  --
[ TTT- TOTWTINT) +WATEZ |


/TTT'
E\TTT J

| TTT2-TTT 4- IOOO. |
710


<^TTT2i


WflTT i WT 1 ? ^V-""v .,.


\
WATE(NT) ?>-22 	 ,
\
| TOTWTINT) • TOTWTINT) + WATEZ |
..

| TRKLDINT )= WATEZ |


4OO
| TRKLDINT) -WATE(NT)- TOTWTINT)
I
| OOINT) • 1 J
(7?0 f 	 '
                             [ EVENT (NT) • 3 |
                                 __-
                      COLTMZ-ITRKLOINTIM 6O./COLRAr)



                        | TIME(NT)-TIME(NrH-COLTMZ |



                          I COLHR • COLHR +COLTMZ I
    FIGURE  5-4
    Subroutine COLECT,  Model 3

-------
                                                                         -103-
                                          TIMEQH 0,1) -TIMEQ(LO.I) +
                                          FLOATIITIMEI-ITIMLILO.n)
                                                   I
           T1MEQ(LP,1)-TIMEQ(LO, 11 4_XIC
FIGURE  5  - 5A,   Subroutine DSPOSL,   Model 3

-------
-104-
A a
c- * *

f ^^X^WU 1 M 1 J 1 ^f
f
(QUITTMINT, JOW)-CLKTM|
J
|K3TRK -0|

<^CLKTM S 480?^>
i

| OVRRTMZ * (CLKTM -4 801/60. |
|
| JOVRTM -OVRTM |
|
| OOVRTM • JOVRTM |

J™^

| OVRTM (NT) • JOVRTM +1 | f OVRTM (NT)- JOVRTM |
| jinn J
t §
| JKLM = OVRTM(NT) |
J
NO .," -^ ••%. YES

i ^s« * ^ ^^~ i n
IT T

I — (GO TO (77,78) JKLMJ |NOVRT3= NOVRT3-t-l| | ORTM = (480. -CLKTM)/2.| [ EVE NT (NT) > i j
77 ' '


79 	
^NOVRTZ^NOVRT 2 4- l(— »
t
* 1 «
| RIGLOD- RIGLOD f TRKLD(NT) |

<^mrt nn < niruay ?>>

#
| RIGLOD = 0 |
1


| /r-r-
^X^"CTA T ( 1 ) " 1 3 ? '^S.
Ann f~ "^^. • -^ 1
*•" T '" *


I 1
[ PRINT "SUBROUTINE DSPOSAL NOT OPERATIVE" J | STATIJTRL ) • 12 |



,, . J

1 "^oTATl I)-10r^>
301 |

1 CONTINUE |

| PRINT "SUBROUTINE DSPOSAL NOT OPERATIVE" |
[ STOP"]
)« CLKTM


247
I)" 13 1

   FIGURE 5  - 5B
    Subroutine DSPOSL,  Model  3

-------
              -*\ DO 321J*51, NOTRC2 |
          321
                                     909
           CONTINUE
       |TRC(J) =J |

     |TRL(J)= JTRL |
           '
      | STAT(J) = 9 |

     JSTAT(JRTL) =• 11
           ^
       |K2RIG = l|
                       NO

                           K2RIG 8 K3TRK =
      YES
            K3TRK = 0?
NO
                                  999
                           NO
                1
      [CALL CREATE (4, IDNOZ) |
      | 1TYPE2 = EVENT(NT) + .5 |
       HTIMEZ = TIIVIE(NT) -t-.Tl
                 i
        ICORE(IDN024-3) = NT|
                 I
LCALL CAUSE (ITYPEZ.IDNOZ,
            I NT - J | 1001

         [ EVENTtNT)'?]

      ITIME(NT) =CLKTM + 5.
                                 LLI
                                                        -105-
                      YES
                                                     1NDAY=99
                                RETURN | 1002
                                   I
                                  END
  FIGURE 5 - 5C
  Subroutine DSPOSL,  Model 3

-------
-106-
                           | RIGOUT |

                      ("TRPRIG'TRPRIG + 1
                               i     ~
                       | JTRL'TRL(NT)  |

                        JTRC=TRC(NT)
                               '
                                      _
                   TRIP(JTRL) 'TRIP(JTRL)+l|
                CALL RANDOM(ONCE. TRES, RDPTM) ]
              I
 [VELMU' RKA + ( RKB * TRLHAL )J
              «
                        1
                 I VELMU = VELMUR
                         *
              CALL RANDOM(VELMU, VELSIG, RGLOG 1 )
                               I
              CALL RANDOM(VELMU, VELSIG. RGLOG 2 )
                    I RGVLI * 10** RGLOGl]
* ... *
RGVL 1 = RGVMIN

IIJU,x^nnvi i •*• RfivMAy 7r


RGVLI = RGVMAX]

S.YES

i 1
RGVL2 =
                                 RGLOG 2


, 	 ?i°
ff
RGVL2 •= RGVMIN] (

T
1
[RGVL2 =

»


...'^^ 1
M Q 	 	 1
wi- r*
" w ^nc\j\ ° •*• nrv/MAY P'^s,, ' *~**,


RGVMAX |

*
MGONE = RDPTM + (TRLHAL * 60. /RGVL) )
+ (TRLHAL*60./RGVL2)


                              X
                         EVENT(IMT) = 8
                 [  TIME(NT)^TIME(NT) + TMGONE |

                       [TRL(NT=JTRL~]

                       | TRC(NT) = JTRC~|
                               I
              _
              I OPTM(JTRC) = OPTM ( JTRC) + TMGONE
                          (NT) =TRIP(NT)
                            RETURN
    FIGURE 5-6
    Subroutine RIGOUT,  Model 3

-------
                                                                  -107-
                              IRIGBAK

                             | FIN DAY'"
                                 --
                        I KBAK :TIME(NT)+0,5|

                        | JTRC = TRC(NT) + 0,5 j

                          |  STAT( JTRC)« 8 ]

                        ( JTRL= TRL(NT)+0.5 |
                                 '        '
                          I STAT(JTRL) " 10 |
                                 i
                       [ QUITMCtJTRCHKBAK |
                                 i
                      [  XI01=QUITMC (JTRQ-Q8
                             XI01< 480?
               I X II I=X 111- 8.0 [
                    X 11 1 + 1 . 0
                   M3>2?>
                           YES
   GO TO(80I, 802), M3
     801
              802
|B(3)*B(3)
             |B(2)°B(2) -f



-^ 1



1
                       NO
                          •j DO 10 1 » 71, 90J
               J°_L
                            STAT(I)=
               YES
              CONTINUE J
                     20
          DO 35 J' 51, NOTRC2)
                                10
                               CONTINUE
                                                       X
                    [FINDAY =99
                                                 I EVENT(NT)-7 |
                                                       i
                                              | TIME(NT) " KBAK + 10 )

                                                 | TRL(NT)° I  |
                                                       I
                                                   TRL(NT)
                                                       I
                                JLL
                                                 [STAT(NT) » 9 |

                                                 [ STAT(l) "ll|
                                                        '
                               RETURN
FIGURE 5-7
Subroutine  RIGBAK,   Model 3

-------
 -108-






(3)  In COLECT subroutine, the assumption is made that the collection




truck returns to disposal site or transfer station only when a particular




truck capacity has been exceeded or when the loaded weight, even though




less than capacity, completes the day's assignment.  Thus Model 3 assumes




a greater efficiency in system operations than did Model I which, based




on field observations, drew from a histogram to determine "loaded weight".










(4)  In RIGOUT subroutine, the time spent by the trailer-tractor rig at the




final disposal site is drawn randomly from a normal distribution based on




field data for such rigs.  The distribution parameters may be changed easily




with data cards, but program coding changes would be required to change




the type of distribution .









(5)  An empirical equation for setting the number of  tractors at the transfer




station is in RUNDAT .  If NOTRC is set  to zero on the  run data tape, the




equation is used;  if NOTRC is set equal  to any positive integer, the




program by-passes the equation, and the number of tractors at the transfer




station is that value given NOTRC .  The equation is discussed below:




          Let N  = number of tractors needed .




               NL = maximum number of trailer loads per day trans-




                     ported to disposal  site .

-------
                                                                   -109-
              LPTPD  = loads per tractor per day.


              SUMUNIT = total number of household  in the complete


                      area under study.


              AVP = approximate number of persons per household.


              COLFRE = collection frequency per week.


              DSLC = maximum days  since last collection;



                      4 if COLFRE =2,  3 if COLFRE = 3.


              RIGMAX = pounds capacity of trailer.



              TRLHAL = one way distance in miles between transfer



                      station and disposal site .






The equation development follows:



      (a)      N  = KIL/LPTPD


                      SUMUNIT * COLFRE *  PNDMU * DSLC * AVP
          where hIL = 	
                                     6  *  RIGMAX


          and LPTPD = 6.9 - (O.I *  TRLHAL).


      This latter equation approximates the number of trips possible per


      day for a tractor; it is deterministic  using  average speeds and


      average time at disposal site.  It is for  a no-overtime day.



      Equation (a)  is thus:


                SUMUNIT  * COLFRE *  PNDMU *  DSLC *  AVP  *  10.
          N  =
                          6.  *  RIGMAX * (69. - TRLHAL)

-------
-110-






The value of N is integer. The coding constrains the answers between 2





and 10 inclusive; the former as it is believed that proper planning would





require more than one tractor regardless of the smallness of the  station; the





latter because of model  limitations.










(6)  The number of trailers assigned to the transfer station  is determined





only by the  need.  The program calls additional  trailers as needed up to




a limit of twenty, beyond which the model is inoperative. Successive runs




under constant conditions may require different numbers of trailers because





of stochastic influences.










(7)  Production runs in this study were made  on a particular quadrant of




Baltimore city.  The description of this tract is in format statement 8022




of TBLPRN subroutine.  If the  investigator wishes to incorporate a descrip-




tion of his tract, the proper description format should replace the  existing




8022 statement, but should retain the number.  If no such description is





needed  in output, the card commanding  this format,  "WRITE (IOU, 8022)",





line number 2210 of TBLPRN,  should be  removed.










(8) If auxiliary compacting apparatus is to be simulated at the transfer




station, two card changes are  needed in  the data:   RIGMAX must  be

-------
                                                                    -Ill-
changed to reflect the increased trailer load and COMPAP must be




changed from a value of zero to a dollar value of the material cost plus





the installation cost of the compacting apparatus.










(9) Subroutine TABL1 calculates collection trucks' haul distance from





a subarea  (I) either to the transfer station, when  it  exists, or to the final





disposal site.  The program coding is such that one  of three distances





may be used at the  option of the user.  These are:





      (1)  A linear distance  along a well traveled thoroughfare which





          would be used regularly from the population centroid of the





          subarea to the dumping site .  Its length in feet  is entered in




          data as ROADIS(I).





      (2)  No such  thoroughfare may exist, and the user may believe




          that trucks from the  subarea will travel many different routes




          to and from dumping, all  within  the framework  of a city's




          rectangular street system. In this case,  ROADIS(I)  is set to




          zero.  AX1(I), AX2(I), AY1(I),  and  AY2(I) are given values




          other than zero, and the  subroutine calculates haul distance





          from the equation





               ABS  [AX 1(1)  -  AX2(I)J +  ABS [AY1(I)  -  AY2(I)J .

-------
-112-





            In the above, AX 1(1) and AY1(I) are the population centroids




            of subarea (I) in a rectangular grid of the urban area. AX2(I)




            and AY2(I) are grid coordinates of the dumping site . This




            [AX+AY ] is often used for travel distance in city planning;




            it is termed the  "metric L".  The units of the grid are feet.




       (3)   The user may assume truck movement along  part of the route




            by metric L path and  part along a defined measurable path.




            In this case, an equation incorporating both distances is




            used.  Table 6-1 illustrates data for Model  3 runs for all three




            procedures.







            The equation in subroutine TABL1 which generates the assign-




            ment of number  of households is:




                XiO) =q   + K2  * x2(i)i  + tc3  *  x2(i)2]




         in which:




            I .  X], (I)  is the  number of household units from a subarea (I)




                which constitute a single truck's daily collection assignment




            2. X2(l) is haul distance from subarea(l) to the dumping site.




            3. GI , C2 , and C3 are equation  coefficients obtained from




                three matrices of values, Cj: in which  "i" is neighborhood




                type, and "j" is collection frequency.  These values are




                from regressions  using Model 1 responses.

-------
                                                                   -113-





(10)  Subroutine TABL2 calculates total capital  investment in the trans-




fer station by summing land value and cost of structures and appurtenances.




The transfer station expense is reflected in interest charges on the land




value, by depreciation charge on the  structure and appurtenances, by




loss of tax income from the land when applicable,  by utility charges,




and by station labor expense .  In the discussion below, the  program coding




variables and their values in this study are given .







The land values are as shown  below.  Station capacity in tons per day




is "C".




                  When                  Land value




                C  ^200                   CONA




                C  > 200                  C * CONF




                         CONA =  $40,000




                         CONF  = $200/ton







The cost of structures and appurtenances are  as shown below.




               When                Cost of structures and appurtenances




             C L 100                           COND




             C >  100                   CONB  + (C * CONE)




                         COND = $125,000




                         CONB  - $ 75,000




                         CONE  = $500/ton

-------
-114-






 The cost of auxiliary compaction equipment is added to the cost of the





 structures and appurtenances. This variable, COMPAP, has a value of





 $150,000 in this study when this apparatus  is in use .  The value  will be




 zero for all users when the apparatus is not in the system.







 The depreciation term, YRS, has a value of 30 years.  The interest rate




 variable, R,  is 10% both for  land investment interest and for structure




 amortization . This reflects a rate  of return proper for other public bene-




 fits which remained unbuilt rather  than reflecting municipal bond  rates.







 A three man crew is assigned to the transfer station when capacity is





 below 200 tons per day;  a four man crew when greater.

-------
                                                                 -115-
               CHAPTER 6:  RESULTS FROM MODEL  3










Model 2's great limitation is that the urban area being investigated must




be of constant neighborhood density. Model 3 does not have this limitation




and can investigate model responses from simulated systems in actual urban




areas composed of tracts of different neighborhood types. This study has




used the northwest quadrant of Baltimore city for its investigation.  The




area has approximately 757000 housing units,  225,000 population, and was




divided for this study into thirteen subareas, each of a particular neighbor-




hood type.










Figure 6-1 is a sketch of this portion of Baltimore; the divisions into the




subareas and the simulated location of the transfer station are  shown.




Table 6-1 tabulates the properties of the subareas gathered by the




investigator as first step in using Model  3.  The  information in  Table 6-1




was given to the model, which then processed it and used it as basis for




calculations for number of needed collection trucks and in their assign-




ments to subarea routes. Thirty-one runs were made with Model 3 for




this study.  The tabulation of the policies and environmental conditions




of the runs is presented in Table 6-2. The runs were made for  investiga-




tion  of the following:

-------
-116-






      I .  Proving the model





      2. Noting model responses to interactions of varying collection




         frequencies and haul distances with and without transfer station.





      3. Determination of critical distances beyond which the use of a





         transfer station  is economically feasible .





      4. Cost of increasing collection  in the area to triweekly frequency





         with haul to present incinerators.




      5. Effect on cost of auxiliary compacting equipment at transfer





         station.




      6. Sensitivity of costs to number of transfer station unloading docks.




      7. Sensitivity of costs to number of transfer stations in the area .




      8. Sensitivity of costs to tractor-trailer ratios.





      9. Sensitivity of model  responses to different random number sequences,










The results of the investigation follow.

-------
                                                                    -117-
         X = 50,000.
         Y= 50,000,
r
J
                         X=66,000
                         Y = 39, 000
                     TRANSFER STATION
                             A

                       DIVIDED INTO 13
                    NEIGHBORHOOD TRACTS.
                                           o
                                           tr
          FIGURE 6-1

         Northwest Baltimore

         Served with One Transfer Station

-------
-118-




UJ
Di
O
^p-
:§
1—
<
CO
1 1
0

1—
Z
C£
Q
<
0
1 	
p~"
i/>
UJ
X
H-
c£
O
7

S
O
Qi
u_
£
<
Q
<-
^<
UJ
Qi
3
CO
ID
CO

_
1
o
1 1 1
	 1
CO







1/1

5
0
ct;
CN
>
<

CN
*
*s.
u
CK:
i —
UJ
5 >
s _ <
^ 
>_ O M
Q} _C •*"
-Jd 0 c
i 3^
Zx
5
'•S ° 3 -
i CN p 0
.ro- S E
"> 'o U *-
0 ^
Q

"8
0
•£ 
•h ^
— in
-* ^t-
0 O
O 0
CN M-
*. S.
^ >0
in in

o o
§ §
^ •>
— m
^ ^t

0 0
o o
CN ^
*. S.
-* o
m in



— o o ^
— o o co
l\ O "3" -O
^ ». V *.
m •— — TJ-


< o o
— — CN
oo rx hs
CN CN CN







CN —






CN CO






o
o
o
o
CO
0
o
o
"*.
-o
o

o
8
V
CN
^t

0
o
CO
*.
CN
o



Tfr Os
CN l\
— o
s. s>
O CN


IX

rl
CN







CN






•<4-



-------
-119-



^
4—
o
I.I.J
ce
O
5
^-^
p
<
CO
u_
o
1 —
z
<
Qi
Q
<

O
h-
uo
LJJ
<=
^_
c*:
0
7
-<
•«£
O
Qi
U_
<
<
Q
<
LLJ
0£
^f
%
ID
CO

1
NO

LLJ
_J
CQ
<



OO
Q
<
O
Qi


CN
s_
x^
<
CN
_l *
-1 <
y
Ctl
1—
LU
2 r
S, <
*- (U
-° C
D 
0) _C *-
^ 1 5
3 8
Z X
O
'•^ S " •/>
g ^ 1 o
o>^ g S
jj^Nj-
Q
"0
o
0
r( <*>
Q 0-
_Q >.
-C L^
.?
'5
Z
8-2
2 E
< D
Z
o
>-^i
5
*•.
CN


O O
o o
m o
oo o
CO CO
0 0
0 O
CN O
«. «*
CO NO
NQ NO
o o
o o
in ON
CxT CN^
CO CO

0 0
0 0
CN in
V N,
CO ON
NO in
•— o ON ON ix NQ Lnixco-^-ON-—
•— •— IXlXOOO NOoOONlX-NJ-O-
OONONOCN-— OOIX- rx ix Jx rv ix
CN CN ^^ CN CN




—




K



-------
-120-



•
g
^
LU
Q£
O
£
1—
<
CO
u_
o
t—
1
Q
<
D
0
1—
oo
yf
^
X
J—~
01
O
z
5
o
C£
u_
2
Q
<
LU
rv
<
03
Z3
to

^
O
LU
_l
CO
2




OO
Q
O
a:

CN
>
<
CM
_i X
<
(J
C£
t—
LU
_ si
C '^
O i- <
•Z jg
0 C
3 ,^
o° ^
X
<

^2
i- O in

Z x
Z
•— /— \ ,A
*- Si *^ WJ
gcf §-S
.2>r: 5 2
S ^ u •"
Q

-n
5
o
_f—
o g
-o >;
_c -T-
.?
*«)
Z
l_
n «
S -Q
2? E
^f -^

co co p
§ 0 C
S 8 g
CM _T „.
oo oo g
1 S §
co irT
CO CO ?5


§ 0 0
S 5? 8
S oo S3


jg Sc^^^g °5
co m -t o o of- 60
V «. S N X «.
— — — CN 10 CO


•— m so fv co CM

)
K.
>
)
I
»

>>







N. IN. CM ^ CS
OO CO CO K —
o so in -rf 10
— — •—•— o


CO Tf vQ IS.
CM CM CM CM















-------
-121-


c
o
JJ^
LU
Q£
O
•<.
•£.
i^-
<
CO
u_
o
1—
z
S
Q

O
1 —
V/1
LU
<:
X
t—
C£
o
7
5
0
Qi
LL.
<
<
Q

<
LU
f^S
O*_
<
CO
Z3
CO

_
1
o
LU
1
CQ
<










	 1
^ S S
S "0° "~
V
Q

"8
O
f"
>- (U
-D 1
^ ^
.5*
Q>
Z
si
S E

00 00
CM CM

o 2
o o
sO O
*. S.
•— o
K 0

IV CM OO •<* — iP —
— «o CN m co iv -*
o o in •— iv in iv
— CM — — O —

•— CM co ••* -0

IV IV O
— oo m
CO IV —
V *. **
CM — CM

R 0

in «n






CO



CO
"~


















IV
CO
0
*.
CO


















-------
-122-
                         TABLE 6-2




                       MODEL 3 RUNS
Run
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Model
No.
3C
3A
3C
3A
3C
3A
3C
3C
3C
3C
3C
3A
3C
3A
3C
3A
3C
3A
3C
3A
3A
3A
3A
3A
3C
3C
3C
Collection Haul
frequency distance
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
3/week
3/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
2/week
24
24
24
24
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
16
16
16
16
4
4
4
4
9
9
9
9
4
16
24
Over- Corn-
time paction
paid apparatus
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
no
no
no
yes
yes
yes
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
yes
yes
yes
NOTRC
value
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
0
0
0
0
_
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
3
Transfer
stat ion
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
\J
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
XI
N
Y
Y
Y

-------
                                                                    -123-
                              TABLE 6-2

                           MODEL 3 RUNS (cont.)

Run
No.
24
25
26
27
28
29
31
32
33

Model
No.
3B
3B
3C
3C
3C
3C
3C
3C
3C

Collection
frequency
2/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
2/week

Haul
distance
8
8
12
12
8
8
12
12
12
Over-
time
paid
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
Com-
paction
apparatus
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no

NOTRC
value
0
0
0
0
2
4
0
0
0

Transfer
station
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Runs 1  through  16 gave general comparison of semiweekly and triweekly
collections with and without transfer stations.

Runs 7A , B , C ,  D, and  E tested sensitivity of responses to different random
number sequences.

Runs 17 and  18 were made to prove the model .

Runs 19 and  20 simulated triweekly collection  in the Baltimore area under
investigation .

Runs 21, 22, 23 tested auxiliary compaction apparatus.

Runs 24 and  25 tested no queueing condition .

Runs 26 and  27 gave responses to two transfer stations in the area.

Runs 28 and  29 varied the tractor-trailer ratios at a transfer station .

Runs 31, 32, and 33 gave responses to three transfer stations in the area.

-------
-124-
1.  PROVING  THE MODEL



Two runs were made duplicating present Baltimore city system.  The model

responses were compared with system values to evaluate the model .  The

results are:
                          Dollars        Tons        Trucks
                          per ton       per day      needed
          Model Run 1      10.67         295          29

          Model Run 2      10.70         297          29

          System           10.49         291        24-30

-------
                                                              -125-





2.  MODEL RESPONSES TO INTERACTIONS OF VARYING COLLECTION




    FREQUENCIES AND HAUL DISTANCES WITH AND WITHOUT A TRANS-




    STATION




                              and




3.  DETERMINATION OF CRITICAL DISTANCES BEYOND WHICH THE USE




    OF A TRANSFER STATION IS ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE









Sixteen runs were made for the above two objectives. Figure 6-2 incorporates




the results.  Model policies for these runs paid overtime and assigned a suffi-




cient number of tractors that overtime averaged no more than four hours per




week per driver.  The results were:
Run
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Transfer
station
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
Collection
frequency
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
Haul
distance
24
24
24
24
8
8
8
8
16
16
16
16
4.
4
4
4
Total
cost/ton
$ 1 1 .08
14.41
11.97
15.08
10.57
10.57
11.38
11.56
10.65
12.53
11.49
13.32
10.30
9.48
11.15
10.31

-------
-126-
         
-------
                                                                -127-
4.  MODEL RESPONSES TO INCREASING COLLECTION FREQUENCY

    TO TRIWEEKLY



Two runs were made identical to those proving the model except with triweekly

collection rather than semiweekly.  Haul was made by the collection trucks

to the incinerators as in the system.  Comparison with the semiweekly runs

is made below:
                                                    Length of work day
  Run     Collection   Max tons   Cost    Number
Number   frequency     per day    $/ton    trucks    Average   Stnd.dev,
17
18
19
20
2/week
2/week
3/week
3/week
295
297
338
341
10.67
10.70
11.62
11.65
29
29
36
36
6.8
6.6
6.4
6.4
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.6

-------
-128-
5.  EFFECT OF AUXILIARY COMPACTING EQUIPMENT AT TRANSFER

    STATION



Throughout most of this study, the assumption was made that the solid! waste

within the trailers was at a density between 400 and 450  pounds per cubic

yard. Auxiliary compacting equipment can be installed at the transfer station

which increases the pay load, having increased the solid waste density in

the haul trailers to the  order of 800 pounds per cubic yard .  Three runs were

made with the capital investment of the transfer station having been increased

by the cost of buying and installing this equipment,  approximately $150,000,

and the trailer net weight limit having been increased from 30,000 pounds

to 60,000 pounds. Otherwise the new runs were identical  in policies with

their counterparts without the compacting equipment. A comparison of

responses of semiweekly collections with and without this apparatus is

given below:

                                Number of
                                 tractors    $/ton     $/ton
  Run    Compacting    Haul        and     transfer  collection    $/ton
number   equipment   distance    trailers    station      only       total
21
13
22
9
23
1
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
4
4
16
16
24
24
2 & 3
2 & 3
2 & 5
3 & 7
3 & 5
4 & 6
1.27
1.23
1.42
1.64
1.60
2.00
9.04
9.06
8.97
9.01
9.09
9.08
10.31
10.29
10.39
10.65
10.69
11.08

-------
                                                                -129-

6.  SENSITIVITY OF COSTS TO NUMBER OF TRANSFER STATION!

    UNLOADING  DOCKS, A COMPARISON OF RESPONSES FROM

    MODELS 3B AND 3C



Model 3B operates with unlimited unloading space for the collection trucks,

which results in no  lost time in queues. Two runs, numbered 24 and 25,

were made using Model 3B .  Other conditions were identical with runs

numbered 5 and 7,  which were made using Model 3C,  i .e ., two unloading

docks and queueing.  The  results of these runs are shown below:
                                     Ave. time    Total    Ave. length
      Collection           % time at  at disposal    cost    work day
Run   frequency   Model    disposal     (minutes)    $/ton      (hours)

 5     2/week      3C       4.8        7.4       10.57      6.7
 24    2/week      3B        3.8        5.8       10.57      6.6

 7     3/week      3C       4.1         7.6       11.38      6.2
 25    3/week      3B        3.3        6.1        11.34      6.2

-------
-130-
7.  SENSITIVITY OF RESPONSES TO NUMBER OF TRANSFER STATIONS




    IN  THE AREA










Runs 1 through 16 investigated model responses with and without a transfer





station for different combinations of collection frequencies and haul dis-





tances.  The urban area was further divided so as to be served by two




transfer stations, runs 26 and 27; and to be served by three transfer stations,





runs 31, 32 and 33. The results for a 12 mile haul distance are shown below









Figure 6-1  is a sketch of the area and the  transfer station location when it




was served by a single station .  Figure 6-3 is a sketch of the division of




the urban area and the two transfer  station locations when served by two




stations. Figure 6-4 shows the same when  served by three stations.
No. of
transfer
stations
None
One
Two
Three
Total no .
of trucks
31
24
23
24
No. of
tractors and
trailers
-
3 & 7
4 & 9
6 & 9
Cost of
transfer
stations
(dollars)
-
278,000
370,000
495,000
Cost
S/ton
12.10
10.61
10.75
1 1 .42

-------
                                                            -131-
    AREA 2A
8 NEIGHBORHOOD
      TRACTS
                  AREA 2B
                  5 TRACTS
                           A
                           T.S.
O
(T

-------
          -132-
r
                AREA 3C
                4  TRACTS
             AREA 3A
            5 TRACTS
                        A
                       T.S.
                                   T.S.
 AREA 3B
4 TRACTS
     A
     T.S.
                                              O
                                              cr

-------
                                                                  -133-






8.  SENSITIVITY OF RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT TRACTOR-TRAILER




    RATIOS AT THE TRANSFER STATION










An empirical equation is used  in Model 3 which determines the number of




tractors to be assigned to a transfer station; this has been discussed in




Chapter 6. The use of the equation is optional with the user.  Two runs,




numbered 28 and 29,  were made with the number of tractors being one more




and one less than that given by the equation. Otherwise identical conditions




exist as in run 7, the  run in which the model's equation calculated the




number of tractors. The results are:



Run
28
7
29
Value of
control
variable
NOTRC
2
0
4


No. of
tractors
2
3
4

No. of
trailers
required
10
7
6

Transfer
station
cost/ton
1.53
1.57
1.64

Ave . no . of
overtime hours
per tractor
11*
3
2
*violates arbitrary constraint of maximum of four overtime hours per week

-------
-134-
9.  SENSITIVITY OF MODEL RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT RANDOM




    NUMBER SEQUENCES










Five runs were made under identical conditions except for random number




generation .  The control variable, K, was set equal to zero for all  runs.




The model simulated triweekly collection with a transfer station, overtime




being paid, haul distance equal to eight miles,  queueing occurring, and




no auxiliary compacting equipment at the  transfer station .  The model




responses included:

Run
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
No. of
trucks
30
30
30
30
30

Tonnage
1537
1533
1539
1531
1546
$/ton
collection
9.81
9.76
9.84
9.81
9.72
$/ton
T.S.
1.57
1.57
1.56
1.55
1.56
$/ton
total
11.38
11.32
11.40
11.36
11.28
No. of
tractors
and
trailers
3 & 7
3 & 7
3 & 7
3 & 8
3 & 8
Hours of
overtime
for
trucks
32
35
36
34
24

-------
                                                                 -135-
            CHAPTER 7.  CONCLUSIONS AND  SUMMARY
                              Introduction
Three models were prepared in this study, the first two being somewhat




general in some of the assumptions upon which they are based, the last one




having the potential to operate realistically under most policies and




environmental variables of a real refuse collection system in an urban




residential area.










The general  objective of this study was the preparation of such a model and




has been completed .










One of two  specific objectives was securing order of magnitude of relative




costs of increasing collection frequency from semiweekly to  triweekly.




This has been investigated for general conditions with Models 1 and 2;




furthermore  it has been investigated for a specific urban area with Model 3,




Cost increases were found to be from 10% to 25%.  The second specific




objective was the delineation  of system properties under which the use of




a transfer station  is economically feasible.  This has been done for an




existing large urban tract with Model 3, and again, other existing urban

-------
-136-







areas could be similarly investigated with the Model .  The feasibility





of the use of a transfer station is presented as a function of collection





frequency and haul distance between transfer station and final  disposal





site for this urban  mixed neighborhood tract.










The first  specific objective, comparison of semiweekly collection costs





versus triweekly collection costs,  is summarized in Figures 4-8 and 6-2,




and in Section 4 of Chapter 6. The second specific objective, presentation





of variable combinations for which a transfer station is economically




feasible  in a collection system, is shown in Figure 6-2.










In addition to the  above, other model  results were obtained which are




indicat ive of probable systems responses to changes in policies and equip-




ment. Chapter  7  is now divided into separate discussions of the  following




topics:




       I .  Limitations of  Present Study and Areas for Further Investigation





       2. Results from Model 3 Runs





       3. Results from Models 1  and 2 Runs





       4. Triweekly and Semiweekly Collection Systems

-------
                                                                    -137-



             1.   LIMITATIONS OF  PRESENT STUDY AND



               AREAS FOR FURTHER INVESTIGATION









All models are structured so that performance data from another city can




be substituted for those used in this study.  It is uncertain to what extent




the histograms and regressions used are representative of all urban areas




in the United States.  A comparison of this performance information with




similar information from other large cities would be  valuable.  Severe




winter effects are not reflected in this study.  Observations of weights  of




solid waste produced and collection rates for triweekly collection would be




valuable replacements for the assumed values.









The large difference in the models' responses between neighborhood




type 1 conditions and the  more dense  areas suggests  that neighborhood




type 1 is too large a classification . More meaningful  results would per-




haps appear if it were less inclusive .









The data included weights collected,  distances covered, elapsed times,




breakdown frequencies, and noted equipment types, costs, etc.; it did




not make  population counts. Correlation between collected weights and




the number of people generating these weights was made from five  years

-------
-138-







of records for the entire city, but information was not available for weights




and population generating them for smaller areas. Model 3 would be




improved if field data were gathered and processed so that the distributions




of refuse weights per capita per day by neighborhood types were available




for statistical testing for indications of significant difference .  If the





distributions were found to be significantly different, the models'  single





normal distribution of weight per person per day would be replaced by the




applicable sets for the four neighborhood types.










The location of the transfer station  is  fixed for the entire simulated week





of the operation.  The location may be changed for subsequent runs, of




course.  It appears that if a large area being served  by triweekly collection




were divided into two subareas, with  all collection trucks working in one




subarea on one of the week's routes,  and in the other on the other route,




then economy could be  realized if a mobile transfer  station  could  serve




both areas on separate sites.   The equipment would have to be of such a




nature that the daily moving from one subarea to the other could be done




easily and economically.  This is similar to the situation of having two





transfer stations in the large  area except the mobile  concept presupposes




only one transfer station crew and only one investment  in equipment.  It




is thought that a completely  new model would be needed to investigate





this system, although parts of Model 3 perhaps could be used .

-------
                                                                    -139-
                 2.  RESULTS FROM MODEL 3 RUMS










2A .  Proving the Model







Many runs were made with the final model, Model 3;  all had an existing




tract, the northwest quadrant of Baltimore or a portion of the quadrant,





as a working area .  Most of the runs were made for the investigation of




operating policies which in time might be considered  for the system.





However, two runs were made with  policies and conditions  as close as




could be obtained to the existing  system, i .e ., no transfer station,





Baltimore pay scales and truck operating charges, no overtime pay,





semiweekly collection frequency, etc.   Lack of similarity  between





model and system included:   (1) effect of adverse weather conditions





on operation;  (2) the system fields a few small trucks in the area in




addition to the large trucks which are the usual type  in use;  the model




fielded  only large trucks. The complete numerical results of the model




runs which can be compared with the system are in Chapter 6.  The model




gave unit cost about 2% above the City's figure.  Also the model indicated




approximately 2% more weight collected than the City indicated.  The





model fielded 29 trucks daily to service the area;  the City  indicated from





24 to 30 trucks in regular use.  These small discrepancies  seemed to

-------
-140-








indicate a reasonably accurate model, the differences being easily attri-





butable to random number sequences and variations in the real system.










2B .   Disposal Site and Transfer Station Site Planning







The costs of different proposed locations of disposal sites  or transfer stations





can be estimated by making individual runs with each of  the locations





incorporated in Model 3. The value of such comparisons may not necessarily





be merely the determination of which of several alternatives is the most





economical, but rather the securing of an  estimate of the extra cost resulting




from the acceptance of a site  which is not the most economical, but which




must be used because of other reasons, political, altruistic, etc .










2C .  Critical Haul  Distance  for Transfer Station Feasibility







Figure 6-2 indicates costs for servicing the subject area with and without




a transfer station for triweekly and semiweekly collection frequencies.




Tt-e values are applicable only for the model's Baltimore data, but similar





curve, certainly with different val ues, can be obtained  for other tracts





with other characteristics.  The curves show a critical  haul distance of




approximately eight miles above which a transfer station would be a good





addition to the  system in northwest Baltimore.  It is noted that  critical

-------
                                                                   -141-




distance is affected very little by collection frequency;  it is approximately




the same both for semiweekly and triweekly collection frequency.  A dis-




cussion  of this follows:









The two lower drawings of Figure 6-2 illustrate that the two curves with




transfer station are parallel;  the two curves without transfer station are




parallel also.  In each case, the additional cost of increased frequency is




due to extra time in  the collection  activity and is not a function of the




traffic haul distance.  The additional cost, the ordinate increment, is very




nearly the  same between the two parallel sets.  When the curves are over-




lain, the geometry of the resulting  figure will be such that the critical




distance for a triweekly system will be the same as for the semiweekly.










If a transfer station is installed because of indicated efficiency while collec-




tion is semiweekly, it will be equally desirable if frequency is increased to




triweekly.









2D.  Equipment Planning







Equipment  decisions  as to probable  number of tractors and trailers, trailer




capacity, and the use or non-use of auxiliary compaction apparatus at the

-------
-142-
transfer station may be indicated by model response .  This study's runs




indicated that the extra investment in the compaction apparatus is justi-





fied whatever the haul distance to the final disposal site.  If the haul





distance between transfer station and disposal area were 24 miles, the




annual savings due to this auxiliary compaction apparatus would be of the





order  of $31,000.00. This figure does not give consideration to maintenance





costs, if any, and possibilities of inconveniences of equipment breakdown.










However, for different traffic speed relations, different transfer station





capacities, different labor pay scales and tractor hourly charges,  there




perhaps would be no similar justification for all haul  distances, but rather





the responses would indicate a critical haul distance  below which the equip-




ment  investment would not be justified.










2E .   Comparison of Complex Systems







A number of  runs were made to determine the relative costs of several dis-





posal  sites at different distances from the subject area.  This may  be expanded





for a  situation in which a large urban tract has the choice of M disposal




sites and N transfer station  sites.  MN model runs will give  responses for




the combinations of each disposal site with each transfer station site .




M more  runs  will give the same information for the simulated system oper-




ating without transfer station with delivery by the collection trucks directly

-------
                                                                     -143-





to each of the disposal sites. More runs can investigate the possibilities




of the most economical arrangement being the joint use of more than one




of the transfer sites, each having a reduced capacity, combined with a




single disposal site.  This latter thought was illustrated in this study when




the  subject area was served by none, one,  two, and three transfer stations




all with a final haul of twelve miles.  This series of model runs indicated




that the minimum cost was realized with only one large station.  As always,




the  minimum cost situation can not be generalized as it depends on the




system being simulated .










With such usage for initial indications of costs and other  system responses,




further investigation can be  made to determine  desirability of different




overtime pay policies, compacting apparatus, and type and capacities of




rolling stock.









2F .   Effect of Queue ing







Model 3B operated with conditions of an unlimited number of unloading




docks while Model 3C had only two docks resulting in queueing at times.




The model policy placed an  incoming collection truck in the shorter of




the  queues if two queues existed and at dock number one if  no queues were




present or if queue lengths were equal .  System responses with and without

-------
-144-
queueing both for semiweekly and triweekly collection frequencies were





noted .  The semiweekly cost for transfer station operation, which includes





the tractor trailer operations, increased $0.01 per ton with queueing; the




triweekly cost increased  $0.02 per ton with queueing.










The average percent of time at disposal site for the collection trucks,





increased from average values of 3.5% to 4.5% with queues.  Delays due




to queueing for the  system being simulated cost of the order of magnitude





of 0.1% of the total system cost.  The system responses are not sensitive to





the increase in unloading space, and thus it can be concluded that addi-





tional unloading docks are not justified.










2G .  Number of Trucks and their Assignment to Areas







Tables 1 and 2 of the Model 3 print-out may be planning aids by themselves




without the remaining model responses being of particular interest.  Table 1




divides each subarea into daily truck routes of equal  number of household




units compatible with the neighborhood type of the subarea, the  distance





between the subarea and the collection trucks' dumping site, and the col-





lection frequency.  Table 2, using the information from Table  1, assigns




trucks which are numbered  1, 2, 3, etc ., to particular subarea routes by




days of the week.  In this manner, an indication of the necessary number of

-------
                                                                     -145-




collection trucks and their assignments for a proposed system is given to




the investigator. The control  variable, ASSUNIK, is in the model for




this planning use.  If the assignments for the trucks appear too large due




perhaps to some  local constraint, reducing the value of this variable from




its normal value of 1 .0 to 0.9 or 0.8 will reduce the average  assignment




somewhat accordingly, and vice versa.










Model results are improved if each subarea is sufficiently large that at




least three or four daily routes are within it.










The assignment logic programmed in  the model places trucks about equally




over the entire area  each day of the week rather than concentrating them




in different parts of the area on different days.  This policy has two virtues:




(1) Trucks are not concentrated in a neighborhood on some particular




days of the week; and (2)  The load  of the incinerator or transfer station




is equalized between days of the week.  To explain  further, if on Mondays




and Thursdays all trucks are working with a long  haul distance, and if on




Tuesdays and Fridays, all trucks are  working with a short haul distance,




the Monday-Thursday assignment of household units will be appreciably




smaller than the Tuesday-Friday assignment.  Different daily collection




weights will result from this.  Further compounding of the weight differential




already resulting from different number of days since  last collection is not




needed. This logic is not followed by all contemporary urban systems.

-------
-146-
                3.   RESULTS  FROM  MODELS  1 AND 2










The results from these two models served as basis for Model  3;  this is





probably their greatest value.  However, one of the specific purposes





of this study was the investigation of relative costs of triweekly versus




semiweekly collection, and results from these models gave  insight into





this relation .










Figures 4-3 and 4-4 present number of households and gross acres covered





as functions of  the affecting variables.  This gross acreage  is based on the




average ratios between net and gross acreages in the city of Baltimore




and certainly will vary with different cities.   The plots showing the




number of household units serviced as functions of these variables are




of more general application.  It is believed that these may serve a practi-




cal use in design as a starting point in task assignment planning.










The significances indicated by the statistical  testing for "haul  distance"




and "days since last collection" were anticipated.  The significance of





the neighborhood type was also anticipated, but not to the degree attained










No significant  differences in traffic velocities were indicated  by the




statistical testing between the  large and small trucks or between empty

-------
                                                                    -147-
and full conditions.  These results are contrary to beliefs held by some




supervisory personnel who are operating existing systems.










Runs with Model 2 indicated that the greater the assignment, the less




cost  per ton of the simulated system. Two reasons exist for this.  Firstly,





the crews receive a full day's pay regardless of the early hour at which





their work may be done during the latter part of the week. The  increased





assignments eliminated these nonproductive manhours for which pay was





received.  Secondly, Model 2 is programmed so that considerable off route





time is built into the regular work day, making the  regular work hour




have only 45 to 50 minutes of productive time . The model, however,





treats an hour of overtime as fully productive except for truck breakdowns.





It  is  believed this parallels the  system as long as overtime does not become





excessive.  The model's responses to increased assignments suggest that




policy which causes overtime on the early days of the week and  a full




day1 s work  for the latter days of the week is efficient if acceptable to





the representatives of labor.

-------
-148-
        4.  SEMIWEEKLY AND  TRIWEEKLY COLLECTION  SYSTEMS










Semiweekly versus triweekly collection frequencies when simulated by





Model 2 indicate that little additional travel in traffic  is required and





that the major additional expense  when increasing collection frequency





is the additional mileage and time in the collection neighborhood. The





simulated triweekly collections, although more costly than semiweekiy,





averaged shorter workdays.  The reason for this is developed in the




following discussion .










The difference in workday length  between a first pass on a route and sub-




sequent collections in the week on the same route is greater for the tri-




weekly frequency than for the semiweekiy frequency.  This compounds




the problem of task assignments; if they are made with the aim of a full




work day for the later workdays,  the first of the  week will be heavily




overtime.  This study's models operate under the former policy of averaging





a full day's work the  first part of  the week and finishing early the latter





part,  as it was believed this more  closely duplicates most urban systems.





A semiweekiy policy generates three full days and three short  days; a




triweekly policy generates two full days and four short days.

-------
                                                                    -149-
The model' s results emphasized that a city making the decision between




triweekly and semiweekly collection must consider the relative weights




on the design capacity of the disposal points.  Assuming that per capita




generation of waste does not vary with days of the week and assuming




equal number of households to be collected each day of the week, the




following table shows the percentage of week's total weight for each




day:









                     Percentage of Week1 s Weight







     Collection
frequency
Fortnightly
Weekly
Semiweekly
Triweekly
Daily
Mon .
16.7
16.7
19.0
21.4
28.6
Tues.
16.7
16.7
19.0
21.4
14.3
Wed.
16.7
16.7
19.0
14.3
14.3
Thurs.
16.7
16.7
14.3
14.3
14.3
Fri.
16.7
16.7
14.3
14.3
14.3
Sat.
16.7
16.7
14.3
14.3
14.3
Less variance between daily total collections exists with semiweekly than




with triweekly policy.  Theoretically this requires a larger transfer station




for triweekly than for semiweekly collection frequency. Figure 7-1




shows the above for theoretical percentages, which assume no extra

-------
-150-
/60>

% OF ,o
WEEKS
TOTAL

-
•

-
zz?









^




— -




1




THEORETICAL
PERCENTAGES



•••••





<•••
••^





•••


^» ^i^HI


                     M      T      W      T      F
                              DAYS OF WEEK
  FIGURE 7-1
Waste Generation by  Days of the Week, Baltimore System

-------
                                                                     -151-




weekend waste generation,  plotted against observed residential collec-




tion weights.










In addition to a reasonable safety factor in the design, this plotting suggests




that transfer station or incinerator capacity should be based on higher




capacity than that indicated by the theoretical daily percentages. This




increase is due to extra week-end waste generation (cross-hatched area




in Figure 7-1),  imbalance in route assignments (difference in Figure 7-1




ordinates for M, T, and W), or a combination of the two.










If a transfer station  is being considered, the decisions previously discussed




concerning workday lengths for collection trucks now become pertinent




for the station operation . If a triweekly frequency is system policy, the




number  of laborers for transfer station operation on Mondays and Tuesdays




perhaps will be excessive for the remainder of the week.  If a sufficient




number  of tractors and trailers are present for Monday and  Tuesday, drivers




and tractors will be idle a part of the time for the remaining four days.









Model 3 of this study has  policies believed acceptable  and probable  in an




actual system. The transfer station staff of laborers was sufficient to handle




the heavy days and  was constant through the week .

-------
-152-








The model makes no provision for overtime payment for transfer station





laborers as staggered shifts should eliminate  the need for overtime for




these men . A driver was assigned to every tractor; overtime was planned





for tractors and drivers on the heavy early days of the week, but an over-





time constraint was imposed of no more than an average of four overtime





hours per week per driver.  Actually it averaged appreciably less on the





model' s runs .










The model responses to triweekly and semiweekly collection frequencies




in Northwest Baltimore is seen best  in Figure 6-2.  The  increase in cost





due to  increased collection  frequency remains nearly constant regardless




of collection truck haul distance or  the presence or absence of a transfer





station.  The indicated increase is of the order of  $0.85 per ton, less,




than a  10% increase  for the different conditions of the runs. The difficult




period  of change in the system,  the new route assignments and familiari-




zations, and the necessary planning of shifts for personnel probably prevent




change from semiweekly to triweekly policy as much as the  increase in





costs.

-------
                                                               -153-
                            APPENDIX A





               DATA  FROM THE CITY OF  BALTIMORE










The Bureau of Sanitation of the City of Baltimore operates residential




solid waste collection services daily except Sunday.  Collections are




made twice a week from each residential unit within the city, either




on Monday and Thursday, or on Tuesday and Friday, or on Wednesday




and Saturday.   The compacter trucks have a crew of a driver and three




laborers on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday;  they have a driver and




only two laborers on  Thursday, Friday, and  Saturday.  This arrangement




is because the  first of the week collections contain four days' accumula-




tion, while the later collections contain only three days' accumulation .




The city has two sizes of trucks although many different manufacturers




are represented; these sizes are 13 cubic yard and 20 yard capacities.




The smaller truck is designated locally as a  three ton truck, and the




larger is designated as a five ton truck. The smaller size is considered




less economical than the larger and so  is used only in narrow alley




operations.

-------
-154-
 Intensive data collection was carried out throughout Baltimore City in the

 late winter of 1966-67.  For a two week period every compacter truck

 operating within the City maintained a log on the second complete trip

 of each day.   Baltimore normally has about 95 compacter trucks operating

 daily.  The two week period (twelve days) had a potential of 1140 reports;

 approximately 4/5 were received in usable condition.  Those not received

 were due chiefly to trucks without  speedometers and to a lesser degree to

 driver illiteracy.  The dumping times at the City's two incinerators were

 observed and  recorded by the author.



 Discussions were held both with Regional Planning Council personnel and

 with personnel from the City Planning Board of the City of Baltimore before

 reaching a decision as to a simple manner of classifying urban residential

 areas.  The only considerations of interest were those which  affected the

 amount of solid waste generated per acre or the speed with which the

 collection was carried out.  The neighborhood classification finally

 adopted was based on the number of housing units per acre of net residential

 land. The  term "net residential land" excludes public streets and alleys

 and refers to  the acreage in residential use only.  The term "housing unit"

 is defined  [City of Baltimore, 1964] as, "a house, apartment,  or other

 group of rooms, or a single room occupied or intended for occupancy as

 separate living quarters - i.e., the occupants do not live and eat  with any

-------
                                                                    -155-
other persons in the structure, and there is either (1) direct access from




the outside or through a common hall, or  (2) cooking equipment for the





exclusive use of the occupants."










The study's classification of neighborhood types is:










            Classification       Housing Units per Net Acre





                  1                     Ten or  less





                  2                      11 to  20





                  3                      21 to  40





                  4                   More than 40










The distributions of the number of housing units per net acre are not




generally uniform within the  various neighborhood types in Baltimore.




Figures A-l, A-2, A-3,  and  A-4 show the actual distributions.  These




histograms  were drawn from in a random manner to determine the house-




hold density from which collection was made by each truck  in each




model .

-------
-156-
  sor
  40
  30
  20
  10
50
                                        40
                                        30
                                        20
                                         10
       35 7 9 II
       UNITS/ACRE

   FIGURE A-l
   NETYP=1
   e   12    16  20
    UNITS/ACRE

 FIGURE A-2
 NETYP=2
40
30
'o
20
10
-






20 3O 40
UNITS/ACRE
   FIGURE A-3

   NETYP=3
50
40
30
20
10



-
-
-

—















~h
     40  60  BO
   UNITS/ACRE

 FIGURE A-4

 NETYP=4
 Distributions of Housing Units per Net Acre

 by Neighborhood Type

-------
                                                                    -157-







                    Weight Generated and Hauled










The daily weight of solid waste generated within Baltimore varies seasonally,





winter weights being as much as b per cent below the yearly average and





summer weights being well above the yearly average.  Table A- 1 and





Figure A-5 give values and graphical representation of this variation for




the five year period including 1962 until  1966.  The difference in weights




of solid waste to be collected from the same area on Mondays as compared





to Thursdays has been mentioned earlier.  Figure A-6 shows values for  a




three-week period in  January, 1967.  A seasonal shift in the weight of




solid waste generated was noted;  it is due largely to yard clippings and





summer pruning and to a smaller degree to fresh  fruit and vegetable




trimmings.










In Baltimore, drivers make the decisions as to when trucks have been




filled sufficiently to return to the  incinerator for unloading.  The field data




showed a very large variation in the weights and degrees of compaction




attained  in  returning trucks»             It is noted again here that





none of these  "full " loads were the last of the day.  Figure A-/ shows  the





distribution of "full" weights for  68 loads of 13 cubic yard capacity trucks.




Figure A-8 shows the distribution of "full" weights  for 227 loads of 20 cubic

-------
-158-

2
0
t—
.
U
0)
Q
>
o
Z
•
o
o
-4—
Q_
^
"5
— >


O
CO

^t
| _
CO

_
.
o
ro
in
CO

o
, 	
co
^_

o
CN
CN

^~
CN
00
•
tx
CN
CO
•O
CN
0
-n
o
ro


•

ro
o
co
CN

o
co
in

in
CN
0
*
o
CN
3
CN
CN
CO
CO
CO
•^>

OO
CN
-0

X
CN
rx
IX
CM
CN

00
CN


O
o
CO

tx
rx
CN

O

o
co
^o
o
ro

CM
tx
CN
CN

00
CN
33

CO
CN
CN

"3-
CN
O
^O
CN














t/t
_c
•4_
c c
— 0
•0 5
0)
±; x
0 _Q
s s
i) i_
o <
c "o
— 1— **
i o V:
< 1— C
- 8-S
i K^J ,_
°=> ° £
•< _*" C£
1— «,
c -1"
— X
-*-
 0
- .§
c5 —
1/1 &














-------
   110%
K  100 %
    90%
                                                                 -159-
           •o   UL   2    <    2    -3   ->   <    cnOzo
         K =
  Production in  Indicated  Month
Average of All  Months'  Production
        FIGURE A -  5


        Monthly  Variation of Solid Waste Production,  Baltimore City

        Five  Year Average,   1962 - 1966

-------
-160-
       O
       o
       ro
o
o
CM
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O)

   0
> Ul

< I-
Q O
o
o
oo
O
o
o
o

                                                       IdJ  <
                                          Q3M



                                          301



                                          NOW



                                          IVS
                                                             O
                                                      nni



                                                      Q3/V\



                                                      3fll



                                                      NOW
o
o
10
                                                        vO

                                                         I

                                                             o

                                                             01
                                                             PQ



                                                             0)
                                                             4-1
                                                             (O
                                                                          O
                                                                          t/1
                                                        m

                                                       ID

                                                       •r-l

                                                        U)

                                                        01
                                                                          O


                                                                          CO
                                                             oo

                                                             •r-l

                                                             
-------
                                                -161-
 40%
 20%
         Small Trucks
            r-T
                 O
                 o
                 O
                 IO
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
m
            NET WEIGHT IN POUNDS
 40%
 20%
         Large Trucks
                 o
                 o
                 o
                 in
O
O
o
o
o
o
o
in
            NET WEIGHT IN POUNDS
FIGURES A -  7  &  A - 8
Distributions of Trucks' Full Weights

-------
-162-
yard s capacity trucks.  The larger capacity trucks achieved only 79 per-





cent of the compaction which was obtained by the smaller capacity trucks;




the former having averaged compaction of 435 pounds per cubic yard and





the latter 550 pounds per cubic yard .  The daily weight of refuse per capita





in Baltimore averages  1 .95 pounds with a standard deviation of 0.09





pounds.  These values were used throughout this study.

-------
                                                                    -163-
                           TRAFFIC










Distances and trip times were noted for 456 trips of collection trucks on




Baltimore streets.  These trips were equally divided between empty from





the incinerator and full from the collection areas.  Figure A-9 shows the





distribution of these  traffic speeds.  Figure A-10 and A-11 show the same




data, but have presented them  in two histograms, one for empty conditions





and one  for full  conditions.










A common claim for  the smaller capacity trucks is that a reduction in





haul time is realized with their use because of traffic maneuverability.




An analysis of variance two way test   was made on four  cells of thirty




data bits each to determine if significances were indicated of the  effects




of trucks capacity and loaded or empty condition, or interaction of the




two, on  traffic speeds. The four cells were:




                a.  13 cubic yard capacity empty




                b.  13 cubic yard capacity full




                c.  20 cubic yard capacity empty





                d.  20 cubic yard capacity full




The analysis  of variance results are given in Table A-2; no significant




differences were indicated in traffic speeds whether tull  or empty,  or

-------
-164-
                   V)

                   o

                   DL
                   u_
              0
              fO
O
(VJ
                                                                         CM
                                                                         »O
                                                                         (M
                                                                             X      r-l
                                                                         00
                                                                                    o
C)
                   o
                   3
                   (£
                                                                         (VJ
                                                                         CM
                                                                         10
                                                                         00
                                                             W
                                                             C!
                                                             O
                                                            JQ
                                                            •i-l
                                                             M
                                                            -U
                                                             0)
                                                            -rJ
                                                            O
                                                             0)
                                                             o.
                                                            CO


                                                             o
                                                            •r-l
                                                            14-1
              0
              10
0
OJ
                                                                         OJ
                                                                         ro

1

l_

0 0
•0 CM
1




1

O
                                                                         CM
                                                                             X
                                                                             Q.
                                                                         CO
                                                                                    g

-------
                                                               -165-
Source of Variance
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE

    Sum of      Degrees of      Mean       F
    Squares        Freedom      Squares     Ratio
Between empty and
 full condition          0.533

Between 13 yard and
 20 yard sizes          2.700

Interaction              0.299

Residual             2931 .27
                    116
                              2.700
                               0.299
          25.27
                                          0.02
                      0.08
                      0.01
TOTAL
 29J4.8
119
                       F (1,116) at 0.05 =3.92
                         TABLE A-2

      Test for Significance of Truck Size and Loaded Condition
                       on Traffic Speed

-------
-166-
whether 13 or 20 cubic yard capacity.










Figure A-12 shows speed versus trip distance for 99 of the above 456





trips.  The 99 were chosen randomly.  It is noted that speeds are dis-





tributed heteroscedastically.   Figure  A-13 is a plot of logs of speeds





versus distance for the  same data and the ordinates, the log of speeds,




are homoscedastic .   The least-squares regression equation of log speed




on distance is:







       Log  Speed (mph) = 0.978 + (0.0419  *  Distance  in Miles)





      The standard error of estimate  is 0.1366





      The index of correlation  is 0.407




      Figure  A-13 shows this regression equation on an  arithmetic




      ordinate scale .







It may be  noted in Figures A-12 and A-13 that data extend only to a





traffic distance of about fifteen miles.  Beyond this value, it was assumed





that logs of traffic speeds would vary normally around the upper value





of log speed given by the equation for the fifteen mile distance .

-------
                                            -167-
                                    o
                                          0)
                                          o
                                          c
                                          tfl
                                         g
                                         4)
                                         0)
                                         CX
                                         o
                                         •H
                                         M
                                         H
                                         O
                                         •r-l
                                         CO
                                         CO
                                         4)
                                         H
                                         00
                                         
-------
-168-
               \      \   :  \
CO
UJ
                                                           UJ
                                                           o
                                                           Q
                                                                O
                                                                    
-------
                                                                    -169-
                         COLLECTION










Baltimore is divided into tour different areas,  termed divisions, by its





Bureau of Sanitation.  The neighborhood types range from open high




income areas, through middle income single family and apartment units,




to very congested high density slums.  The collection rate in pounds per





hour appears to be low in the sparsely populated areas, becoming high




as housing density increases and then seems to vary in extremely  high





housing density areas because of the crews' lack of work area for their




activity.  Logic also suggests that differences would exist in collection




rates dependent on  the number of laborers and the number of days since





the last collection.










A great amount of data was collected to clarify the above points.  During




the period in which the field crews were keeping logs,  315  periods  of




collection were noted  for total weight collected, time spent collecting,




number of laborers on each truck,  neighborhood type,  and days since last




collection.  Decisions were then made of the type and number of distributions




from which to draw in  the models for realistic  portrayal of collection




activity.

-------
-170-




 Th e data  from neighborhoods of housing densities greater than ten units





 per acre were first subjected to an analysis of variance two-way test to





 check the indicated significance of dense neighborhood types and collection




 frequency on collection rate.  The test was conducted with  12U values of




 collection rates in units of pounds  per hour.  The values were taken





 randomly  from the entire field data.










 The analysis of variance results are given in Table A-3; the results show




 no significant difference indicated in collection rates because of difference




 in neighborhood types or days since last collection.










 A second two-way analysis of variance test then was made using the same




 data plus two more cells with 20 data bits in  each from neighborhood type  1




 for both three and four days since last collection.  These results are  given




 in Table A-4 and  show very significant difference indicated in  collection




 rates because of the different situation of three days since last collection




 against four days  since last collection.










 Also this second test indicated significant differences m  collection rates





 between that for neighborhood type 1 and those for neighborhood types




 2, 3,  and 4.

-------
                                                           -171-
            ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
Source of Variance
Between collection
frequencies
Between neighborhood
types
Interaction
Residual
TOTAL
Sum of
Squares
460.2
177.9
942.9
16,418.7
17,999.8
Degrees of
Freedom
1
2
2
114
119
Mean
Squares
460.2
88.9
471 .5
144.0

F
Ratio
3.20
0.6
3.28


                      F (1, 114) at O.Ob - 3.92
                     F (2,114) at 0.05 = 3.07
                   TABLE A-3

Test tor Signiticance of Neighborhood Type and Collection
           Frequency on Collection Rates
                     for
 Neighborhoods of Greater Than 10 Housing Units per Acre

-------
-172-
                 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
Sum of Degrees of
Source of Variation Squares Freedom
Between collection
frequencies 1,722.7 1
Between neighborhood
types 3,355.5 3
Interaction 1,/«3.0 3
Residual 32,593.7 152
TOTAL 39,454.9 159
Mean F
Squares Ratio
1,722.7 8.05
1,118.5 5.24
594.3 2.7«
214.4

                               F (1,152) at O.U5 - J.VO
                               F (J,152) at 0.05 ^2.64
                        TABLE A-4

  Test for Significance of Neighborhood Type and Collection Frequency
                       on Collection Rates
                            for
               All Four Neighborhood Types

-------
                                                                      -173-
On the basis of this information, field data were incorporated into three





histograms showing distributions rates for particular field conditions.










Figure A-14 shows the observed distribution of collection rates within




neighborhood type 1 with three days having elapsed since last collection .










Figure A-15 shows the observed distribution  of collection  rates within





neighborhood type 1 with four days  since last collection .










Figure A-16 shows the observed distribution of collection rates within





neighborhood types 2, 3, and 4.  This histogram is applicable with





crews with either  two or three laborers and with eit her three or four days





since last collection .  Table A-3 showed no significant difference indi-




cated in  collection rates due to these sources of variance .










Figure A-17 shows the assumed distribution of collection rates within




neighborhood type 1 with a crew of a driver and two laborers and with




two days having elapsed since  last collection . Figure A-18 shows the





assumed distribution  of collection rates within neighborhood type 2,




3, and 4 for the  same conditions.  The assumed distributions are




used in the  simulations for three times a week  collection .  The assumed

-------
-174-
                 40
                 30
     OF CREWS
                 20
                  10
                             5000      10,000
                           POUNDS PER  HOUR
15,000
FIGURE A - 14
Observed Collection  Rates, Neighborhood Type 1,

Three Days Since  Last Collection
      OF CREWS
100 15,000
OUR
FIGURE A - 15

Observed Collection Rates, Neighborhood Type 1,

Four Days Since Last Collection

-------
                                                              -175-
                  30
                  20
        OF CREWS
                   10
<



VE
3T


161
HE


HBORHOOD TYPES
R THAN 1





rn
                    0       5000      10,000     15,000
                          POUNDS PER HOUR
        FIGURE A - 16

Observed Collection Rate,  3 & 4 Days  Since  Last Collection
                  40
        OF CREWS
                  20
                  10
                        NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE *
fl
                    0       5000     10,000    15,000
                           POUNDS PER HOUR
        FIGURE A - 17
Assurred Collection Rate,  2 Days Since Last Collection

-------
 -176-
               30 r
               2O
   OF CREWS
               IO
                          50OO      10,000      15,000
                        POUNDS PER HOUR
FIGURE A - 18

Assumed Collection Rate,  Neighborhood Types  Other Than 1,

Two Days Since Last Collection

-------
                                                                     -177-



distributions are similar in shape to the observed ones from the same





neighborhood type and with the same number of laborers,  but are shifted




1000 pounds per hour to the  left because  of the assumption of having





only two days since the last collection rather than three.  This condition




would  reduce the collection rate.   No observed data were available either




from Baltimore  or from other cities for this condition.










The Baltimore tield information included average speed in miles per hour





of the  trucks as they moved  through the collection streets and alleys.





These speeds were calculated by dividing the mileage covered by the





truck while collecting by the elapsed time spent collection (Table A-5) .










Table A-6 was  not used in the models, but the  information within it came





from that from which the histograms of Figures A-17 and A-ly were prepared.





These latter assumed collection rates  for untested conditions.  These data




indicate the lessened production per man per hour of the three-man crew




compared to the two-man crew for the densely  populated  areas.  However,




when three-man crew is used, Monday,  Tuesday, and Wednesday, the work




day in  Baltimore averages about 40 minutes longer than that of the last




three days of the week.

-------
-178-
v»
2 °" ~o
£z£










o.
5
c
I/I
•o
a>
d>
Q.
CO














O 10
• o
o ••- o
-0 0
• o •
"t *- iO
0 -0
• 0 •
••* *- t

10 o °.
ro *" *t

° o "1
ro ^~ c*j

^ 0°.
CN *" CO

C\) *• CN
•o o
• O •
— *• CN
0 o 10
* *- •
' "


« o°.
o *• —

iO
o P -
•*• o

"8
0
_c
1- VI
O 
E
3 
Z §
u_ ±_
O 0)
o £
\J
iO '-^ T>
1 3 (U
< .€ g.
LU *: co
— ' —I-,
3 o ^
<< *-
i— CD o
c c
•- en
| s
Co Q
(/>
T)
(U
8.
CO
o
O
0)

"o
U








-------
                                                            -179-



5
d)
i_
U
1_

0)
_C



QJ
0
^
X
^f
JO
_l
O 0 O 0
o-* o— oro *o
•"d- •— rofo OCM -oco
- U -II V II V II
IOC -OC -OC IOC






c
o
5
\
k_
I
\
<«
n
	 i


O 0 0 0
^O^t O— COCO X>O
»•— •— n OCM x>co
v ii ^n v || ,.11
r— C CMC CMC r— C








2
u


£




I
l_
U
x.
c-
x
•>
-Q
__l


o o o o ro
no CMO Or— oo
.— CM tCM CMCM — r-
^11 V II -II -II
coc ir>c r>c -oc






C.
O
-5
•<
X
^
•X.
t/>
ja
	 i


LO o 
0)
0
t^.
g
-+—
U
                                                "o
                                                (J
2L
O
JD

-------
-180-
                        DUMPING











The City of Baltimore has two incinerators,  the newer termed the Pulaski




Incinerator and the older the Reedbird Incinerator.  The Pulaski has a





rated capacity of yOO tons per day and the Reedbird 600 tons per day.





The Pulaski  has nine unloading docks and the Reedbird eight.  All loads




are weighed,  and both incinerators accept commercial trucks fora  tee.










Several half-days were spent observing the dumping activities.  It was





noted that queuing at the unloading docks seldom  occurred unless there





was a truck  breakdown or difficulty with the scales.  The commercial




trucks without dumping or ejecting  mechanisms often required a  very long




time (15 or 25 minutes) for unloading into the  pits.  The automatic ejector




city trucks actually unloaded,  not including moving and weighing,  in




about three  minutes as compared to five minutes for the city dump-type





trucks.










The histogram shown in Figure A-19 shows time intervals between truck





arrivals at the incinerators.  This represents data from 1M arrivals at





Pulaski and  11 7 arrivals  at Reedbird .  These times of observation were

-------
           40

           30

           20

           10
FIGURE A -  19
                                                         -181-
                           345
                            MINUTES
Time Interval between Truck Arrivals at Incinerators

-------
-182-
for  "average to busy" conditions as estimated by the scale operators.





The times were generally 9:30 to  11:30 AM and 1:00 to 2:00 PM .  Figure





A-20 shows "service time" for city trucks only at the two sites for 50




trucks at each site .  "Service time" is elapsed time between the truck





entering and leaving the incinerator yard.  Field observations indicated




approximately 16 percent  of the trucks were commercial, and city records





indicate that 14 percent of the tonnage  handled  is from commercial




trucks.  Table A-7 gives the  data from incinerators from which Figure





A-20 was prepared .










Figure A-20 is bimodal, as are the data for service times from both





incinerators.  This is due neither to sizes nor types of trucks, but




rather due to some of the crews leaving their trucks while dumping to




use the  facilities at the site .  When this "off-route" time was not used,




the city trucks dumping times were massed around  the left node .

-------
                                                             -183-
30 r
20 -
10 -
r- 3O
PULASK INCINERATOR
-
.



r—









2O





Yo
IO



-
^








REEDBIR
INCINERA1





1
  02   4   6   8   10  12
          MINUTES
0 2   4   6    8   10  12
        MINUTES
                    30
                    20
                    10
                                  ABOVE
                                COMBINED
                      02   4    6    8   10  12
                              MINUTES
     FIGURE A - 20
     Incinerator  Service Times

-------
-184-
Service Time
Interval
In Minutes
0-1
1-2
2-6
J-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-«
B-9
9-10
10-1 1
Pulaski
Site
0
4
4
11
8
4
3
3
»
4
1
Reed bird
Site
0
4
6
15
12
4
1
1
4
2
1
Total
0
8
10
26
20
b
4
4
12
6
2
                                     5U
100
                          TABLE A-/




                Service Times at Baltimore Incinerators

-------
                                                                -185-
                        APPENDIX B





       DATA OTHER THAN BALTIMORE FIELD  OBSERVATIONS










1 .   Transfer Stations





    Information of the physical arrangements, the costs of operations,




    and operating policies of existing transfer stations were gathered




    so that the simulation model transfer station could hopefully





    duplicate existing successful  ones.










    Transfer station information was received from Chicago,  Denver,




    New  Orleans,  Beverly Hills,  Santa Monica, Reno, and Abilene,




    Texas.  Particular values are given in  Table B-l .










    The New Orleans stations is unique in that  overloaded or shut-down




    incinerators are used as transfer stations.  The collection  trucks




    dump directly into the incinerator pits; the  incinerator crane then





    loads into a chute and on into trailers.










    The trailers cost from $17,000 to $20,000,  and the tractors between




    $11,500 and $li>, 000.  The cities, excepting Abilene, Texas repot ted

-------
-186-
D
flj
CD
y
>




o
^
i
d>
6




#
£
^

























,_,_
N
L/^


"o
Q
Z

"^
£~

X

14_
0
d
X
u
§-

o
_Q
E

Z



X
^o

0
^1
2
CO

^
V)
C
Z







c
£
™~"
o
I
ti
~
U
8
C
o
•#••
5
O)
c
8


•5
*
0
~5
o
I

0
c
o

o


O CM
CM —



CO CM


03 O



^" ^
i~~




*
O O
o o
— o
"~
0 0
o o
o o
o" o"
CM •*
— CM

if) O
— CM

.
~o
o
°5 ^
o S:
.S* c
f 
CO C

-------
                                                                     -187-
    little or no compaction within the trailers.  Split level loading was

    done at all  stations with the collection trucks either dumping directly

    into the trailer, directly into a chute, or  onto a concrete ramp trom

    where a bulldozer pushed the solid waste into a loading chute.


    The cities of Reno and  Beverly Hills were  outspoken in the beliet

    that their transfer stations were efficient and successful parts of their

    solid waste  collection systems.  Beverly Hills gave  an operating cost

    on  each tractor-trailer combination of $1 .16 per mile, which includes

    depreciation.


2.  Cost Information ot Existing Collecting System

    A number of cities answered questionaires relative  to costs and

    policies of  their collection systems.  Table B-2 gives values.  Comments

    on  the replies tallow;


    Boston's collection is let by contract and  the values shown tor it

    are supplied by and applicable to a private  firm.


    Most of the cities which show no overtime pay give offtime,  hour

    for hour,  tor crews overtime period.   A number of cities for which

    the table  shows overtime pay at the rate ot time and a half give

-------
-188-
<0
O)
o
c
0
<1>
Q.



73
C
O
~o>
D
u_
TO
- O
• 5
<-» 0






I/I







u
D
£




U)
_*
O
3
i_
*0

 o
> a:
X
~z o-
3^


X
ir -*-
0 eg
X
X
1 «
x5



X
u


o






o
CO




-o


0
CN



1
1


0
z


iO
o
CN

3
CN



Atlanta


»
i
00





o
CN




to


O
CN



1
1


O
Z


-o

•—

o
tx
CN

O
£1
TO
C
|
CO


lO O O O
CN — 1






O
1 1 1 CN
1 1 1 CN




lO O X> -O


to o o ^i-
CN CN CN —

CN CM CN

.— _ ( r—
?— — | —


v> v> -. w»
fl) fl) f ' fll
> > z >


co r^ x> t
•— lO CM fX
CO CO CN —

X> lO O "O
r- (V, rf O
CO CO CN CM

-o
o
5 si s
*/> *TT Q} ™
:2 U D Q


^0






•o-
1 O
1 ^0




0 X>


0 0
CN —

CN CN

p^~
, — —


- >


CN O
•*t x
CN CN

CO O
o o
CO CN



Denver
Detroit


i
10





0
•—




X)
PO

o
•—



1
1


o
z


x>
o^
•—

o
CN



Houston


o






i
i




x


o
CM



1
1


O
Z


1^
CO
—

o
—
c
o
L_
O
0)
z


in
CM XI CO
i
CN




O — 1
ro »— i




O lO X)


0 X) X
CN — —

rsi
\
i |
i i ~~*


o o S
Z Z >


CN CN »
<4- X> X
CN CN ro

X) CO X>
CN CN CO
a
'i-c
-ir en
-S 3 »
D 5 i:
— t: o
j: ~ 
1 —

^
CN



8.
E
o
                                                          CM
                                                               X


                                                               c



                                                               o



                                                               ~o
                                                                X
                                                               UJ


                                                               'o

                                                                o

                                                                o
                                                               Q

-------
                                                                   -189-
double time pay for work exceeding  ten  hours in a single  day.










Most cities showed a range of hourly wages reflecting longevity increases,





The values shown in the table are maximum for the job.

-------
       -190-
            Appendix C

     DATA GATHERING FORMS


TPiAFFIC SPEED DATA SHEET
To be completed by driver
Trip with truck empty
On leaving incinerator
or disposal area
un arriving at
collection area
speedometer
Mileage Reading is


Clock time is


Weather is rT clear Q rain nsnow
Trip with truck full
On leaving collection
area
un arriving a\; incinerator
or collection area
iapeeuome'cer
Mileage Reading is


Clock time is


Weather is /"/clear /_"/ rain fj snow
To be completed by supervisor

3.  City ^	
                 k.   Date
5.  Driver or truck identification

6.  Truck type & capacity
7.  Were these two trips on
             rj Mainly city streets or residential streets

              'J Mainly thoroughfares & highways

              ;~t About half & half
8.  Comments
                                              Signature of Supervisor
                         Solid Waste Collection Study
                         The Johns Hopkins University
                    Department of Environmental Engineering
                         513 Ames Hall, Baltimore, Md.

-------
                                                                    -191-
                            CITY OF BALTIMORE

                       COLLECTION SPEED DATA SHEET
 To be completed by driver while  in Collection Area
 1.
        When emptying first can
          for this load
        When einptying last can
          can for this load
                                     ClocK time is
Speedometer
  Mileage
Reading is
 2.  Weather is     o clear    (Train    0 snow

 3.  Collection is  chiefly from    IT) front curb cans    /i» alley cans

 h.  Days since last collection    [U 1    Q2   Q3    fl1*    or (~:i

 5-  Crew size is the driver and   Q1    D2    f';3   p ^    men

 6.  Weight of this load is 	  pounds



 To be completed by supervisor

 7.  Division   D NW    DKE    OWest    MEast

 8.  BSrough No. 	

 9.  Task area of collection 	

10.  Date
11.  Driver or truck identification

12.  Truck type or capacity 	

13.  Comments
                                             Signature of Supervisor
                           Solid Waste Collection Study
                           The Johns Hopkins University
                      Department of Environmental Engineering
                           513 Ames Hall, Baltimore, Md.

-------
-192-
                           Appendix D


            COST CALCULATIONS FOR SEMIWEEKLY AND


              TRIWEEKLY COLLECTION, CHAPTER 4
  O
  H
  §
  H
H

f-i
Q



I
- r-i CM ts| cr> ^0
O 1-1 CM n -j- in
/-4 -^ r-< CSJ
1— 1
f^
I— I
\& ao ts) iTi o\ o\
t~~ r^- o O vo ro
r^. in oo in ,-1 oo
CTi  O\ CTV CT\ 00
CM CM O P- 00 OO
»— i i— i r—  i— > r^ r-4
r-i o oo OO r~  r~ \D O CM 00
r-4 m LO O e— 1 IT>
vO 
r^- vo m r^. ^  /— i r^ in
t — vo  vO -d" vO
^O ro r-l O ON 00
r-t i—> i-t r-l
l/N, ON ON CM f— 
-------
                                                                -193-
§
H
§
H

M
a
 r-l 00 f» SO
O C^ O> OO QO OO
r-l O CM O CM ^f
r- O m CT> -d" CO
vD vO m  u~> '« r-i oo cr«
rO \O vO CO  OS
»-l <± CO CM OO  t~- ^ vO vO
CTs 00 00 OO OO 00
r-i r-( in  vo cr>
vo r^ r«- I-H ro n
•— i co r~. r~ \o in
r*
n ^o
CM  oo \o ~j- o vo
o oo r-- i*« vo m
F-I
CM ^O ^  vO ^>
CO O »J 00 CO  CM
cn
m
CM
» r^
00 oo QO oo oo oo
i— i i— i vo <^> m ' —
CTi ON in CM CM u~i
o oo i-- r» vo m
i-l
f» O r-l  l~~ i-l O vO
00 CJ\ i-4 CM -J m
r-l  CM

-------
-194-



0
H
§
H
"^
in-
H
CO
Q
M
g
oo ON CM r~ o> O
in oo oo r-» oo oo
 OO <"O *— ' *— 4 O^
CM O ON CT* 00 vO
f— 1 r-l
ssssss
O i-l CO CM xt" vO


f-l  CM m CM  VO CM CT>
M 2 r^ ^ ^ "^
co P* in »-i i-i cr>
*™^ C7* CM CO vO CO
r~» oo O O r-l co


r-i  CNI
CM O <}• ro ^H  OO OO
j r^» vo CM ^d" vj*
^0 xf ^o *kO o^ ^o
in co i— i o cj\ oo
o co *— * in ^o oo
CO O1^ C^ >^ C7N  oo o O •-« CM


r-l -d" CO CM OO 
-------
                                                                    -195-
to
2;
O
§
H
H
co
w
o o vt  CM en  O CM CM i->
O CT\ O Os ON CT>
«-l 1-1
r-t vo <-i  i-4
O\ CO f-~ vo >i> Ti
vO r~ o O 00 co
r-» o PO 10 o> oo
O CM   00  cr\  cr> o
o\ r^ oo co oo o
«N cr> oo oo vo o
i-t
co  oo r» ~3- IT)
\O oo o\ (T> 
r~- r-» \o vo u"> r*>
00 OO 00 OO 00 CO
CM CM O\ «^> 01 O
•-i co vt LO ON m
CM OS OO CO ^O vf>
r- <
m o> <}• o oo r^-
CM 00 i-l r-l fO 00
r- fo o O CM <*^
•-I  O
u~l O r~ CT>  oo u-i •<}•
t*» OO CTV O 1-1 rO
•-I J-
•-I ^-1 CM

-------
-196-
13
o


S3
23
§3
co O
Q
rx,
O CO
z
§o
EH
C/N
u
o
•J 53
S 3
-t; H
ffi CO
M
Q
CO
g
OS
3C
0
.^r"
t-M
Pn
Q
0
O
§
O W
m K
Si >>
0 H
W
z
co I-H ON ON vO r-.
m o r^ o >* oo
O CM en en -4- vo
rH rH rH i— 1 r-l i-H
CO ON VQ rH CM ON
ON in O rH CO O
|x> ON O ON vO <±
C>"> rH CM O O O
 i~~ r^ o
^O CM CO O CM i-H
CM OO >X> m  O O ON CO
vo 00 O O rH fl
rH rH rH rH
CM fl CT< f>« f*» O>
CM r-4 in O r^ t*J f*1
rH O O O ON CT\
CM CM CM CM rH rH

O ON rH OO C*1 tn
-3- r«- in m rH cTi
o CM o o \o ro
ro c^4 CNI c^l i>~4 r^


rH .O O
P~ IX. r~. rH rH CO
O TO ro rx, in i/i
O O O ON O ON
CM CM CM r-l CM rH

rH ON -J- in CO ^J"
CM 
-------
-197-
o
s
(X4 C/5
O 03
en O
Q
O en
z:

w
11
h-(
Q
en
•z
&.
Drf
i
a
NEIGHBOR
TYPE
in - o
CM >d~ .o CM in
CM CM CM CM CM  in in
CM CM r-l —1 r-l r-*

r-l  -<)- co co in r-i
oo r^> r*** vo ^o vo
CM CM CM CM CM CM
o
co m CM co co co
o o f^ in CM oo
JD O m  CT* CO CM C7^
CO C^ vQ in r-l ty\
CO CO CM CM CM r-l

r-l 
-------
-198-
CO
>> CO
 fM O OO ft i-l
ON OO 1^ vO vO in
vO r^ o O oo co
r^* CO co in ON 00
O CM  t~l r~»


1
m CM r-l r-l O. CM
ON OO O 
-------
-199-
1


§
CO
Q 

H
a
CO JS
3
CO 2
H
ASSIGNED DISTANCE I
TASK OF HAUL
CO i— 1 O*N ON vO r*^
m O r- o — I
O CO CO ON O OO
O O ON ON O 00
CM CM r-l r-l CM r-l
O ON in ON O CN|
r- r-~ o oo o oo
,O r*** vO if} ^O ^^
00 00 00 00 oo oo
\O CD i— ^ f^ c~i *^J"
r* in i— i co co co
 r-i oo -cf in co
vO OO ON f^^- CM vO
vO in * so in in co CM
in r^- in r-~ -^ ON
O CO CM sO vO OO
ON in •— i O oo m
rH CM SO O CO CM
»j- oo o ON o oo
CM O ON 00 OO sO
1— 1 l—t

-------
-200-
  <: o
  Q o
     CO
     §
     H
     §
     H
  CO
  -  H
  >• CO
  -t: o
  Q O
     §
     H
   UJ
   CO

   r-l

   O  O
   t-l
   co  H
   CO
   <<
 oo o** o> o
CT\ r* oo oo oo o
CM O\ OO OO ^O vO
oo <± ^r oo oo ,
* O CO
oo r-i ^J CM r-- oO
^H r1^ ^^ r~^ \jQ r™**
J> (^ CT* O^ OO OO
iO tO VO **O vO vO
%O «-l CM O OO 00
 vO O
^t 00 r-l r-l O CO
t
to O O O ON r^
 CM vO (^> i— 1 lA
OO  r^ ^o fO co
u-i ON oo o oo to
r- ON O ON ro 
-------
                                                                                                  -201-
   §
   H
GO
Q 
c/5
Q
   o
   H
to
Q

rO
H 32
OO
r-4 fr,
Q O


o
en H
c/3
CO vO ^ 00 OO 00
ON CJN O O ON OO
vD OO O O r-4 ro
r-4 (—4 r-4 i—(
CM ro ON r- i~» ON
C>J r-4 m 
O CM O O \O ro
r-- IA oo ON o> o
o\ r~- oo oo oo o
CNl ON OO OO \O \O
ro 
!»• CO i-» i- 1 ON I""-
r-4  oo ro m ts  ON i-t fM
1-4 i-l
rt m o f*> CM <-*
OO — 1 rH •— 1 \D 1 —
ON ON CT> ON OO OO
r-» m o> ON cvi ro
CT> ro vO P~ vO O
 •-i'  f^ O
t>» ON >— 1 <— ' <""! vO
»-l ^-1 r-< r-l
1^* r-* -J- ON i— 1 i— 1
OO CM i-l CM \O 1^
ON CM oo r~ ON oo
ON O> ON ON OO OO
ON f- CO ON OO O
CNI ON ~~ f!
^o  t~- CM r-i jo r-i co m ^o
m CM CM CM oo xt-
^O CO ON ON ON <— 4
r-4
00 in IO vO r>- OO
O CO OO CM CM CO

 0)
2

-------
-202-
tn
-  H
>-i CO
< O
O CJ
   O
   H
   O
   H
   cd
   flj
CO
-  H
>< CO
< O
O
   O
   H
   O


   
 W
 c/l
 I— I
 Q  O
 G
 w
 to  H
 en
CO O ON vO ON 00
\& co O -3" P""" co
oo oo oo oo oo oo
ON| Csl ON vD CO CD
*—i oo ^3" *^ ON ro
CNJ ON 00 00 >sO vO
co ON -d' O oQ r-^-
CSf 00 *-* r-* CO GO
r*- oo O O CM co
t~4 r-4 rH ,— )
S
rO cO  r^ r-* oo OTN
rH rH <)- OO 00 in
r- cyi cr> CT> O CM
rH rH
m
rH 
r-~ O O m CT> rH
OO 00 00 00 OO OO
JN in o^ ~-^ ox ox
ro co CM r-l oo CM
^ oo P*» ^~ m in
rH
in OX O rH CM rH
CM rH 00 OO  o
rH rH
rH *£> OX CM O CM
ox r^- rH CM r^* o
t-- Ox rH rH rO in
rH rH rH rH
m
m
rH <)• 00 rsl (X) . oj ON r^. GO
LO r~^ oo r~*» cr\ ON
r-
CM rH OO 00 CM  *«o ro in
rO OO rH O ^ rH
r^ O in co rH CM
CO OX vX) vO CO CM
CM rH rH rH rH rH
m O CM i— 1 ro vO
•"O Ox r^ <)• CM -3"
r^ OO Ox O O CM
rH r-l rH
m
rH -,t OO CM OO 
-------
                                                                           -203-
z
o
H
co -
Q
co
CO 
Q
   CO
   Z
   O
   H
co O
Q H
co O
Q H
W
U rJ
Z S

la
C/)
M fn
Q O
O co
M <£
CO H
CO
co en CM CM — I i— I r-l m
CD .-i O O 0\ en
CM CM CM Cxi r-l r-l
CO O CT> vO en OO
vo to o  i— 1 r~ r-» CTi
t^ CM in  CT> vO  vO ro O
r-l OO  oo oo >o vo
i— i
O u~i O <}• O> rg
CM O  OO
r-l  vO <^> *-O
ON r— c*l vo ro <)•
>i) 00 O O r-4 CM
/-I r-l
u"l CTi CT> lA r-~ O
m m CM m CM <-i
r^ oo   oo
ON CM cr\ oo m r~»
r-l VO CM CM 00 kO
oo r<» CM \o o O
O r-i oo r- ov CM
 CT* CTA CT» CTv
1— 4 r-l c-4 i— 4 iH r-4
CM O\ CM O CO v£>
r^ o o in o> <— 4
u~> m >-D in  oo ON o d O
O 00 vo r^ 'A ^O
r^ O O O O O
v£> o m oo oo m
ro in oo r-» in ro
 ^D ^D CO CNJ
cr\ in GN 
i—4
1 in vO -J- (T> MD
cr» r-4 in in  O~> f^ 1 —
r-4  cr> o r- 1
rH r-4
O CO ^O CM CM in
CO ON ro O  i^-
co O CM r-- i— i CM
r^ oo >£> vO co  j — 1 O CJN CT» CT>
r-4 r-4
CM r-l OO OO CM  CM OO 
-------
   -204-
         Appendix  E


RESULTS  FROM MODEL  3
°co
K i^J
M O


II
(x,
O
   co
w
cq
        t-H  UAONt— 03
                                        t- O LAOO t— f—
EH M
« «<
W PH
>•
O
O M
EH

W
u <;
S CO
co co
t-l M
P
co
   c--
   S5
   O
   EH
   CO
   CO

   W
O
o
^ co
O >H
M O
EH
CJ
W
i-3 O'
iJ W
O
CJ>
        f\J(AJOJ(AJ
                                         HiHHH
           a >3 c >» c  >> >•, >, :>>>-, a
                      rH  H.H
                                             CVI


                                             o
                                                                     W
                           pq o Q
                                              H H  H rH

-------
                                                                                                  -205-
(i,
o co
   W
V, O
W ^)
m «
fe E-1
H  O
EH  M
o
    EH
O  M
EH  CO
O  <;
£5  CO
<;  o
EH  fL.
CO  CO
M  M
P  Q
    O
CO
«  EH
EH  CO
O K

o 5
a co
O  >H
M  O
EH  S
O  W
w  s.
iJ  Or-
^  W
O  «
O  ft,
                               ---
                  r\j c\j oo —^^c^l^r^r^r^o^o^oo^o^OfY^ vo
          UAVQCOCO  t— f—  t~- t— ^ t^-Lr>onPOLr\Lr\c\) O.J C\J
                      a  a  c
                                   rH  CM
                                                 CM  OJQOOO CM  cvj CM
                                                 r-H  H        rH  H rH
                      a  a
                                rHrHiHr-HrH
                                                        rHr-H
          onoocviojmoncMCMCMCMooojcvionoocviCMCXi
                  f— CO  ONO  HOJ  OO^f  LTNVD  t— CO  a\ H  Ol f)
                            C\JC\JCMC\JC\JC\lOJC\JC\JC\J
-------
-206-
RUN
NUMBER
1
2
3
U
5
6
7A
7B
1C
7D
7E
8
9
10
11
12
13
Ik
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
2h
25
26
27
28
29
31
32
33
WEEK'S
TONNAGE
151*1*.
1538.
1539.
1533.
1537-
151*3.
1537.
1533.
1538.
1530.
151*6.
1530.
151+7.
153U.
1536.
1533.
1550.
15U5.
151+3.
1538.
15^3.
1527.
151+0.
1536.
1539.
15^5 .
1537.
1537.
15U3.
839.
703.
1538.
151*7.
1*32.
561*.
51+3.
TOTAL
COST $
17,106.
22,157.
18,178.
23,118.
16,21*7
16,622.
17,H90.
17,362.
17,532.
17,260.
17,558.
17,683.
16,1*80.
19,222.
17,652.
20,1*20.
15,960.
ll*,61*3.
17,205.
15,81*7
16,1+61
16,3^8
17,899-
17,886.
15,870.
16,01*2.
16.U33.
16,239.
17,501.
9,289.
7,33U.
17,1*21*.
17,796.
5,226.
5,665.
6,678.
COLLECTION
$/TON
9.08
	
9.73
	
9-03
	
9.81
9-76
9.81*
9.72
9.8l
	
9.01
	
9-75
	
9.06
	
9.81
	
	
	
	
	
9.0l*
8.97
9-09
9. Ol*
9.79
9.18
8.36
9.82
9.86
9.ll*
7.73
9.81
THAN SFER
STATION
$/TON
2.00
	
2.08
	
1.51*
	
1.57
1.57
1.1*6
1.56
1.55
	
1.61*
	
l.7l*
	
1.23
	
1.31*
	
	
	
	
	
1.27
1.1*2
1.60
1.53
1.55
1.90
2.07
1.51
1.61*
2.97
2.3?
2.1*8
TOTAL
$/TON
11.08
lU.Ol
11.81
15.08
10.57
10.77
11.38
11.33
11.1*0
11.28
11.36
11.56
10.65
12.53
11 . 1*9
13.32
10.30
9.1*8
11.15
10.31
10.67
10 . 70
11.62
11 . 65
10.31
10.38
10.69
10.57
11.31*
11.08
10.1*3
11.33
11.50
12. 11
10.05
12. 30
                     TABLE  E - 2

-------
K

O
g
      oncocr\ononc—_=fCMonvDrHrHt—voON-ot^-o
      _=r  on on on j- -=r ononononononon CM CM ononj-
o
          on H VD VD
                            \j- cMcoLArHJ-t^o\ocoo^on
          LALArHOJOJLACMrHCMrHonHH-3 CO  O\ OJ rH
          rHrHrHrHHrHrHrHrHrHrHrHrHHH     rHrH
V,
O
          CM-^-S-^tLALALAVO-^tVO-^J  on LA OJ  LA J

          rH rH rH  rH H rH rH  rH  rH iH H  rH  rH rH rH  rH rH
C_5pq     CO_S-CMCMtr— OxCMHCMrHCMLAt^COOJVOCOO

W<     VDVDVDVDVDVDVDVDVDVDVDVDVDLAVDLAVDt—
i-l
   O


   P-H

   O
       rHJ-LAVDrHHLAVDVDVDLAonOJOAVOrHrHOx
       OJOJCMOJOJOJCVICMOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOnCMH
    O
    M
    EH
    O
    w
   o
   o
          O CO CTv Os O O  O^ CO CO t-  O\ H O\ OJ oo  en O VO
          VD on LA on VD LA  LA LA LA LA  LA LA LA j- LA _-t VD LA
    W
    FQ
          rH oj on j  LA vo
                                       W
                                       t— co  cr\ o rH  CM  on _j
                                                 rH rH  rH  r-1 r I
                                                                                       -207-
M

r/j
co
O
PL,
CO
M
P
          LA on _=r  CM LA on -=t
                                       LA.
                                              on LA on _3-  on LA j-
                                                                              CM


                                                                               o
E
o
o
M
P^
Pn
          -=t Lr\c\JCMJ-^-CMCMOJOJOjon_crvDOjm-^-rH
          rHonrHonrHOJrHHHrHrHCMHA|rHOJrHCM
                                                                              H
                                                                              f'1
                                                                              1-1
                                                                              m

-------
-208-
         w
         o
         ffi

         is;
         M
         §
             CO
         o
                          oj
                                        ir\ t—  m t— oo vo cvi  oooot— OJCD
                                                      HHrHrHHrH    H
                    HiHHHHrHHrHHHHCMHtHHCVJHCM
         p
             w
                                            OJl/\V£)OJOOLr>L/NCn


                                            VJD VO VO V£> V£> VO VO VO
             o
             o
                    OJOJOJCXJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJ
                                                                                             OJ
                                                                                    H
                                                                                    o
                                                                                             OJ
w
PH
OJ


w
K
o

tc
c
             O3
             o
             PH
             CO
             O
                    OJOO t~t--3--^t-3-^}--3-^t  CM iH
                    rHrHOJOJOJOJrHrHrHHrHrH
on


M

M
HH1
m

n
                                                                iHrHHHrH
             O
             o
             W
             0
             O
                                            UAVDVJDVOMDVO LrNLTNMDVDVD
          ^5 M
          ^ipq
          LT\VDt--COO\OrHC
          iHrHrHr-HiHOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJOJroonoO

-------
                                    -209-
NUMBER
OF
RUN TRUCK
NUMBER BREAKDOWNS
1
2
3
1*
5
6
TA
TB
7C
TD
TE
8
9
10
11
12
13
ll*
15
16
IT
18
19
20
21
22
23
2h
25
26
27
28
29
31
32
33
0
23
2
22
1
5
2
1
1*
0
0
7
3
9
2
12
0
3
1
0
5
10
10
10
0
2
2
2
2
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
NUMBER
OF
TRUCK
TRIPS
1*11
1*52
1*08
1*75
Ull
1*10
Hl2
1(08
1*08
1*07
1*15
1*22
1*17
1*35
1*06
1*56
U15
1*09
H15
Ull
1*17
l*ll*
1*1*1*
1*1*0
1*07
1*10
1*10
lao
l*ll*
229
191
1*08
1*16
119
153
11*5
TRUCK TRUCK
MILEAGE MILEAGE
IN IN
COLLECTION TRAFFIC
202U
2039
3083
31H9
1956
1962
3071
3071*
3118
321(9
3137
3105
2053
2053
3200
3198
1996
2020
31'47
3031*
2003
1978
3091*
3020
2065
2103
2005
20U3
3039
13 1*0
805
3155
29l*l
668
1*35
982
181*7
21696
1835
22800
181*1
6560
1857
1839
18)»5
1835
1871
6752
1875
13920
1833
ll*592
1866
3272
1882
3288
7506
71*52
7992
7920
1819
181(0
1826
18P8
1861
765
1*00
1838
1883
330
380
527
TOTAL
TRUCK
MILEAGE
3871
23735
1*918
2591*9
3797
8522
1(928
'i903
1*963
508>(
5008
9857
hg?B
15073
5033
17790
3862
5292
5029
6322
9509
9!*30
11086
10920
388U
391*3
3831
1871
1(900
210 '3
120S
1|993
)i8PU
Q98
815
1509
TABLE  E - 1+

-------
-210-
RUN
DAILY WEIGHT, TONS
NUMBERS MONDAY
1
2
"J
J
k
5
6
7A
7B
7C
7D
75
8
9
10
11
12
13
1U
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
2)4
25
26
27
28
29
31
32
33
C/W =
TS? =
298
288
335
336
299
289
336
337
33k
330
3^0
325
301
29 k
336
329
302
301
336
33^
295
288
338
3k2
298
300
302
295
338
162
136
332
336
88
111
109
Collections
FRIDAY
222
220
222
22k
222
218
221
222
227
227
221
220
225
220
225
218
219
215
225
221
221+
221
22k
22k
22k
226
222
221
223
121
102
222
225
6k
3k
78
per week
Transfer Station, Yes
DAILY COSTS, $
MONDAY
3^02
kOOQ
3302
k221
3137
3k78
309k
311.0
32U2
31^9
3088
3115
318U
35kk
3258
3575
2957
2873
3210
29^3
3112
3057
320k
3167
3021
3072
3132
3111
3231
1872
1318
3071
3U60
1181+
1089
])+68

or No
FRIDAY
2509
321+6
2968
3705
2383
2293
2912
2828
2911
2833
2892
2931
2518
2813
2891
331+0
2H30
2028
2737
2520
2396
2371+
291^
2960
2306
231+0
2kl9
23k6
28l6
1289
1068
2890
281+2
7H2
856
98H


C/W*
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
3
3
?
2
2


TS?*
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y


                            TABLE   E  -  5

-------
-211-









CO
^
0
M
M
(1)
O
o
o
EH
O
M
Q
h-i

g
EH
!^
1 — 1
IP
l-^.

CO
M
w
&

EH

EH

^
1 — 1
EH
ft,
O
Ptl
O
<"i
S
w
o
K
M
fi(







OJ
H
§
* — )
O'

t—
rH
B W
P^i t^
cy



OJ
w
ft
LTN O'

S H
PI
W
S
> — )
O'

OJ
P>q
1
O
OO

tt- \ 1 1
tt PT1
s
£3
0


01
M
ft
rH O

B rH
PH
PI]
R
1 1
0'










OJ
CO O CO LTN £3
CO LTN LTN O O O P^l
VO OJ D
0'
w
t—
rH
,~t 00 H rH rH p prl
CO CO rH Ol O O ' Pi
LTN OJ rH t)
O'



OJ
t- rH -t 00 W
VO VO VO O O O W
vo 01 p t>
r- O'

B H
pc;
O -* ON UTN OJ P^l
1 	 .
H ON l>- rH O O W
VD Ol t)
O

OJ
-3" O OJ OO rH W
VD I/A t— rH O O W
VO OJ PD
o o
t—

f~> ^
_^ LTN co OJ H K P>q
ON t— ON 00 O O W
LTN OJ E3
O'


OJ
CO rH CO OJ rH pel
_d- I>-VO rH O O PL]
VO OJ PQ D
t- O

B rH
PI
OJ -dr O\ O J" P3
O VD ON fi O O W
VD OJ t>
O'


CO

CO 0 W W
cq W W pn o o
S U O K ^3 t>
O t3 tD EH K K
D K PI EH EH
EH " W P5 W
W O K D >
O £3 fe ffi O H
^ O EH EH PT, PL,
OJ
oo ON oo LTN pq
t-— VD LTN O O O W
VD oj b>
o
LT\
H
rH
VD OO CO OJ H <~> pi
O ON CO rH O O EL|
VD 01 b
O



OJ
rH VD CO OO VO pt-T
Ol VO CO H O O M
VD oj oo ^3
rH 0'

grH
PI
-tf VD OJ VO H p:|

LT\ OJ rH p
O'

Ol
VD OO ON rH M
VO 00 CO rH O O H
VO OJ D
H Cff
rH

f^H , 	 1
t— rH -^f ON K PI!
OO _* O rH O O f£l
VO OJ rH f
O


Ol
LT\ O OO O OO pi4
VD VD vo rH o o ti
VD oj 1:3
ON O
!__
B H
K
OO ^t VD rH VO pj|
o t- ON oj o o PTJ
VO OJ ^D
o


CO
W co co
co cj S-1 W
co W W |r> cj o
S^ Cj O PM 113 j — )
CJ D ^3 FH K (r,
ZD K, K R EH
K EH EH fxj
C) r^\ 2* P^t CT-) 1 — \
£~, O EH EH P>H fn

f— oo ON VO
OO VD t-- rH O O
VD OJ




t- O ON on Ol
O~v VO O OO O O
L|-\ Ol rH





O ON OJ on rH
1/N LT\ CO O O O
VO OJ



t^- OJ rH CO OO
OJ LCN O H O O
VD OJ rH



O OJ O ON
OJ CO CO rH O O
VD oj




t— OJ rH CO OJ
o\ t— o oj o o
LTN OJ H




OO ON OO t— OO
LO J- t--- H O O
VD CM




OO VD ON rH rH
t-- o co oo o o
l/N OO



CO
Si to ui
co t. > s: si
ro N"! Si r") t i o
W o c ) p , ;- ) ;o
o in r~J I- < P; P,
p P, P, r i r i
K EH E i M
EH M pr; [•!
w o PI r:) l-
o h s; tn o i- 1
3 CD E-i EH P-.-, PI,




























O)

<+ 1
o
r-|


vo

t
P'l

P'l
1
1 — 1
S!
CH


















-------
-212-






vo
OJ
p
«

CO
J^
o
EH
Q
O

Q
0
EH
g
M

M

W
EH
fe
1 — I

rH
[S

CO

S
§•

1
S
§
EH

t^H
0

W
C5
FH
S
H
o
PH
w
PH










on
CvJ

g
ft)









OJ
OJ

s
K






rH
OJ

t^
b
K














CM
W

H
5
G?

H
w
*~3
H
5
O1

CO
•
OJ
CO



on
•
LTN
t-



00
H
B
5
O'

rH

W
5
b
o

CO
vo
vo




oo
o
vo


CM
w
5
b
O'


H
W
S
p
O
OJ
w
5
b
0


, — i

g
P
b
o

o

ON
•
ITN
rH



on
•
OJ
CM




O
vo
CM




-=*
CO
CM



O
on vo
vo




on
0



rH
VO
VO





OJ
CM




on
vo
OJ


ir\
t—
OJ






on
•
H O O O




H on
• •
CM O O O





ON OJ
VO O O O





r— vo
ON H O O




0 0
0 H 0 O





(r\ ON
0 CM 0 O
r-f


U\ O
LT\ rH O O






OJ
W
P

t^
QJ"
rH
on
H
g M
PH t~^
H
p
cy

C7N
•
H
O\



rH
•
on
00



OJ
w
w
ON P
CM O'

b rH
K
W
§
b
o1

on

H
•
CO




vo
•
vo
H




J-
u~\^t
vo




H
H
vo


CM
W
m
b
co a?
CM

g H
K W
W
J — 1
a?
CM
W
S
t — P
CM <3>'

^*
£3 >~~1
A<
vo vo on on w
ON CO
LTN







CO
1
o

CM







j^--j
1
g
0
O rH O O
H




CO
W CO CO
CO O W W
W p o o
o p^ p p
P EH K K
K EH EH
EH W
WWW
0 g p >
5= ta O H
EH EH (i. fe
W

O'

-d-
OJ




on
j-
OJ



OJ
on vo
vo




H
o
vo


OJ
t—
CO





OJ
vo
t—







CO
W
o
o

OJ




CO
LfN
OJ


CO
OJ
rH





rH
OJ
OJ







W
o
p
K
g
O



0 O 0 0




CM
•
O O O O





on -j- c-
t- OJ O O





on OJ oj
o on H o
rH


OJ
OJ ON on pq
CO H O O W
£^J
on cs"
on

& rH
VO rH -=f K W
o on o o w
i — i b
o
CM
W
O O O O W
CM b
on o1

t?*]
5 (H
pn
b- W
rH O O O fi I
| >
09'

ON O
CM t-- O O O O
ON




CO ON on
OJ VO O O O O
CO rH


VO -^
ON O O O O O
CO rH





ON LTN VO
J- -J- O O O O
^- CM




CO en
!ii CO CO W t/j t/j
CO O t^H p^t W C_) NH h^<
WPOO COWWPOC)
O K p P W O O K P P
prHKK 0 p p EH p-, &',
K H EH p or; PS EH E-<
EH W fc EH EH W
WWW EH M m W
OKP> HOKP^
£Z ffi O H O K fe W O M
EHEHpdPm SOEHEHfiHli,














, 	 ^
CM

C^i
O

CM


VO

1

I'l

M

PQ
EH



-------
                                                     -213-
RUN
NUMBER
1
2
3
it
5
6
TA
TB
TC
TD
7E
8
9
10
11
12
13
lU
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
2 It
25
26
27
28
29
31
32
33
NO. OF
TRUCKS
2U
39
30
U6
2U
28
30
30
30
30
30
3U
2U
35
30
U2
2H
25
30
30
29
29
36
36
?U
2U
?U
2lt
30
13
10
30
30
7
8
9
TRUCKS '
MINUTES
AT DISPOSAL
AVE . MAX .
8.3
6.1
7-8
6.1
7.'4
5-9
7.6
8.1
7.9
8.9
7-3
5.8
8.0
6.0
8.2
6.0
8.2
6.0
8.5
6.1
5.8
5.8
5-7
6.0
7.8
8.5
7-9
5.8
6.1
6.7
6.2
8.7
8.8
6.2
6. H
5.7
26
12
28
12
23
12
21
29
23
32
21*
12
2k
12
23
12
26
12
36
12
12
12
12
12
25
23
30
12
12
19
21
21*
33
12
13
12
GETTING INDICATED
NUMBER OF OVERTIME
HOURS DURING WEEK
ONE TWO TWO
15
It
lit
18
ll*
18
12
ll*
13
19
12
7
12
5
lit
19
11
20
2 U
16
15
16
12
11
10
12
10
7
10
7
7
11
10
3
3
1
7
U
13
3
3
2
7
2
6
6
9
0
3
5
1*
8
7
7
6
7
5
8
6
2
3
5
7
0
7
0
H
5
8
o
r.
1
p
3
It
1
H
5
6
0
o
3
3
It
2
3
0
7
5
)t
6
5
3
7
6
3
5
0
14
3
It
3
It
1
U
6
p
0
7
TABLE E - 7

-------
-214-
         ra
      W O
      fc ;=)
      CD K
      fe; EH
      < ro
      K
      EH Q
      H
          EH
      fe H >H >H
                                                                                           >t
                                                                                    W
              co co VD  l>- t — t— oo  oo t-— t— u\ if\ on LTA LT\ vo co
                                                                                 vo  or^ on  on
                     oo  on on oo  oo ro oo -^-  CM oo  CM c\j on  on on c\i  aj CM - 1  01 ai  CM
           <$ PQ O  O W
 rH ""I tl~\  t- t— t—  t— t— ON H OO LT\ H CM OO _^ LA VQ  t - CO  O\ r-l CVI  OO
                               Hi-Hi—lOJOJOJOJOJOJCMCVJCMOOOOOO

-------
                                                                                               -215-
       K O
        O
         H CM  oo ~-i  u\\o  t—   n\ r-\  c\i
                                                 H  r-H i-H  OJ OJ  OJ OJ  OJ CM  C'J (M  OJ r»")  OO
                                                                                                            o-.

-------
-216-













K"-l
m
w
M
F<3
5
o
£5
M
K
B

C/3
PH
M
PS
EH
P"H
O
K
W
FQ
§
^





















K
W
-i
i — i
M
<
&
EH











r-l
OO
O
CO
O
c-
00
t-
l>-
c—
VO
t—

ir\
t-
-3-
t—

CO
t-

OJ
t-


rH
t-











CK
0
H
O
<
P
EH

LTN
LTN
-3"
U"N
00
LTN


CVI
tA
rH
LA
K
^ te
H3 M
§
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
00 LfN 1 1
1 1
CO VO 1 CM
1
H ON CM t—
rH

rH CM OJ CM
r-l rH rH rH
-H/ OO LT\ J-
rH H H rH

J- -4- oo VO
rH rH i-H rH

-d- LTN o ON
rH H OJ H


LTN LTN CM O
rH rH CM CM






1 -3- 1 1
1 rH 1 1
1 VO 1 1
1 rH 1 1
CM CO VO VO
r\j r-l CM oi


OJ O VO CO
OJ C'l rvl Ol
LO rH U-N VO
CM oj oo oo
<
rH OO LTN f—

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
	
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 rH rH 1 1 1 1 1 1
II 1 1 1 1 1 1
CM H OJ OJ OJ OO 1 1 1 I
1 1 1 1
-3- VO t-- LTN ON ON 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1

i-HOJOOCMHrHOOOO 1 rH
H rH rH rH H rH I
-^-^--^J--^--^!^-^- Ivo
rHrHrHrHHrHrHrH 1

OOt-^VOVOVOONOrHOJ
HHrHrHrHrHHOJrHrH

C3NONt~-OOOOoO OJJ-OOJ-
rHrHrHrHrHrHOJOJrHrH


OJ O OOJ ONONVOOOOVO
CMCMCVICMrHrHCMCMCMH






1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 OO 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 rH 1 1 1 1
t— VO t~- t— LTN O\ It—- 1 1
CM CM CM CM CM rH 1 rH 1 1


OO OO £^- CO CM ,-i OO rH OJ CM
CM CM CM Ol OO CM J OO r-l CM
LA LTN ^f lTv(MO\t--rlt-i~-
O"l OO OO O") OO CM -^ -J- OO CM
pq 0 o M
t— t— t-t~-ONHOOLArHCM
r-l H rH Ovl CM

1 '
, ,
1 1
, ,
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 t-
1

1 rH
1 rH
ON _3
rH

rH t—
r-l rH

_H/ O\
rH rH


LT\ rH
rH CM






1 1
1 1
I 1
1 1
O VO
rH CM


vo !"--
r 1 (M
OO U)
OJ m

OO ,-t
Ol CM
1 1 1 r 1 1 1 1 1
III III!
1 1 1 CM 1 1 1 1
III 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 CM 1 1 1 I
III 1 1 1 1
rH 1 | CM 1 1 1 1
II 1 1 1 1
CM 1 1 VO 1 1 1 1
II III)
t- 1 1 VO LA 1 1 1
II III

rH rH 1 t- O 1 1 1
rH 1 rH 1 1 1
-CT OO OO OO ^3 \ 1 1
rH rH i-l 1 1 1

t~- CM O IA VO -3 OO r-
rH rH rH rH r-H

ON OO CM VO rH ON H CM
rH rH rH H CM H rH


ONLr\VOON_3 rHOOOO
rH rH H rH CM r-1 r-l rH






1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 t
1 1 1 1 ~J 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 rH 1 1 1
CO | | I CO 1 1 1
CM 1 1 1 r 1 1 1 1


OO CM IA OO ir\ - J 0 O\
CM CM i 1 . 1 CM i-H
.- 1 t VO VO OO C > 'M (v)
f) CM CM - J CM CM 'M (>l

LA VO t— Of) O\ r-) (M OO
Ol OJ CM CM CM OO OO (')
























O
i-H

1
W

M
i-l
m
•-3\
n















-------
                                                                   -217-




                           BIBLIOGRAPHY










American Public Work Association, Committee of Refuse Collection and




         Disposal,  Special Report No. II,  Refuse and Disposal Practices/




        Chicago, 1950.




American Public Works Association, Proceedings,  57th Annual Public




        Works Congress in Detroit, Chicago,  1950.




American Public Works Association,  Municipal Refuse Transfer Stations,




        APWA  1962 Yearbook, Chicago, 1962.




American Public Works Association, Committee on Refuse Collection,




         Refuse Collection Practice, Chicago, 1966.




Black, Ralph J . et al ., Refuse Collection and Disposal, An Annotated




        Bibliography, 1962-1963, U.S. Department of Health, Education,




        and Welfare,  Public Health Service,  Washington, D. C., 1966.




Bonini, Charles P.,  Simulation of Information and Decision Systems in




        the Firm,  Prentiss-Hall, Inc ., Englewood Cliff, N . J ., 1963 .




Bowerman, F.R.,  Engineer Discusses the City  Transfer Station,  Refuse




         Removal Journal, New York, Jan., 1962.




Bundy,  George,  ^lovel Refuse Transfer Station,  The American City,




         New York, June, 1961 .




City of Baltimore,  Department of Planning, Population and Planning as




         Related to Baltimore City,  Baltimore, 1964.

-------
-218-







Cole, Earl E.,  The Same Services at Less Cost,  The American City,




         New York,  August, 1960.





Conway, R .W ., Some Tactical  Problems in Digital  Simulation, Manage-




         ment Science, Vol. 10, No.  1, Baltimore, October, 1963.





Engineering Foundation Research Conference, Conference Preprints:  Solid





         Waste  Research and Development, New York, July, 1967.





Flagle, C.D.,  W.H. Huggins,  and R.H. Roy,  Operations Research and





         Systems Engineering, The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore,  1960.





Forester, J .W., Industrial  Dynamics,  M .1 .T .  Press and John  Wiley and





         Sons, Inc., New York, 1961.





Griffin,  Sidney F.,  The Crisis Game Simulation International  Combat,




         Doubleday and  Co., Inc ., Garden City, N . Y .,  1965.





Hope, M.C., C.C.Johnson, and L. Weaver,  Refuse Handling Practices




         in the  United States, Public Health Reports, February, 1965.




Hufschmidt, Maynard M. and Fiering,  M .B  ,  Simulation Techniques for




         for Design of Water Resource  Systems,  Harvard University Press,





         Cambridge , Mass ., 1966.




Jennings, N .H  . and Dickens, J .H .,   Computer Simulation of  Peak Hour





         Operation in A Bus Terminal,  Management Science,  Vol . 5,





         No. 1, Baltimore, 1960.




Karolevitz, Bob, Transfer Stations Replace Limited  Maintenance Dumps,





         Public Works,  Ridgewood, N J ., April,  1963.

-------
                                                                   -219-





King, Maurice M.,  Transfer Station Saves Santa Monica $60,000,




         Refuse Removal Journal,  Mew York,  November,  1962.




Koch, A.S., County Plans a Master Plan for Refuse Disposal,  Public




         Works, Ridgewood, N.J., August,  1960.




Los Angeles County, California, A Report to the Directors of the County




         Sanitation Districts, September,  1955.




Maass, Arthur,  et al .,  Design of Water Resource Systems,  Harvard




         University Press, Cambridge, Mass.,  1966.




Morschaurer, Joseph,  III,  How to Play War Games in Miniature,  Walker




         and Co., New York, 1962.




Muckelroy, Ed F .,  Hauling Units Govern  Design of Refuse Transfer Station,




         The American City, New York, June, 1962.




Ohio Department of Health,  Proceedings:  Technical and Planning Aspects




         of Solid Wastes,  A Short Course,  Columbus, Ohio,  Sept.,  1965.




The Organization for European Economic Cooperation,  Collection and




         Disposal of Town Refuse Street Cleaning,  Paris, May, 1953.




Quon , Jimmie E ., et al .,  Simulation and Analysis of a Refuse Collection




         System, Journal, Sanitary Engineering Division, American




         Society of Civil Engineers,  October, 1965.




Scheiling,  Thomas C.,  The Strategy of Conflict,  Harvard University




         Press,   Cambridge, Mass., 1960.

-------
-220-






Sprowls, R. Clay and Morris Asimow,  A Computer Simulated Business





         Firm in Management Control Systems, ed . Donald Malcom and





         Alan J. Rowe, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York,  1960.





Taylor,  R .C ., Modern  Refuse Demands Modern Collection Methods,




         American City,  New York, Sept., 1955.





Tocher, K.,  The Art of Simulation,  The English Universities Press, Ltd.,




         London,  1963.





Tocher, K.,  Review of Simulation Languages,  Operational Research





         Quarterly,  Vol. 16,  No. 2,  London, June, 1965.




University of California,  An Analysis of Refuse Collection and Sanitary




         Landfill Disposal,  Technical Bulletin No. 8,  Series 37, U.




         of C. Press,  Berkeley, California, 1952.





University of Michigan, School of Public Health,  Lectures presented at




         the Inservice Training Course in Garbage  and Refuse Collection




         and Disposal, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1947.




Weaver, L., Refuse Collection and Disposal, An  Annotated Bibliography,





         1954-1955,  U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,





         Public Health Service,  Washington, D. C., 1956.





Zimmerman, Richard E.,  A Monte Carlo Model  for Military Analysis,





         Operations Research for Management, Vol . II, Ed . by Joseph




         McCloskey and Johns F . Coppinger, The Johns Hopkins Press,





         Baltimore, 1956.

-------
VOLUME I

-------

-------
                  TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part 1   User's Guide to the Simulation




         Model (Model 3 of Volume l)                 1




Part 2   FORTRAN IV Coding of the Simulation




         Model                                      25

-------

-------
                                                                   -1.
    PART 1:  USER'S GUIDE TO  THE SIMULATION MODEL

                 USER'S GUIDE TO THE JOHNS HOPKINS
              SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SIMULATION MODEL


     The report resulting from the preparation of the simulation
model is composed of two volumes.   It is recommended that both be
available to the prospective user.  The user of these programs
can realize the full intended simulation potential by adjusting
the values of model data and policy variables, which are grouped
in two locations in the program.  These locations are:
     (1)  The next to the last card in the entire program upon
which are punched nine variable values, e.g., collection frequency,
which control system policies to a large extent.  This card is
termed the System Control Card.   (RUNDAT discussion, pages 93-95,
Vol. 1)
     (2)  The BLOK DATA subprogram, in which the user puts the
great mass of physical characteristics of entities in the model,
the field characteristics of the simulated system, and the costs
to be associated with different activities.  Examples are the col-
lection truck capacity for the first, the distribution of truck
dumping time for the second, and daily pay of a driver for the last.
(BLOK DATA discussion, pages 33-36, Vol. 1)
     Both of these control areas, the System Control Card and the
BLOK DATA subprogram, are explained in detail in following sections
of this Guide.

-------
-2-




     The five following sections discuss the information which is




given to the program:




     (1)  Major system environmental conditions and policies.




     (2)  System Control Card.




     (3)  Geographic information in BLOK DATA subprogram.




     (4)  Field performance information and costs in BLOK DATA




subprogram.




     (5)  Computer requirements and output.

-------
                                                               -3-







                             Sj|c t ip n_	1




         MAJOR SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND POLICIES










     The extent of the studies of which the model is capable and the




investigation which was made of proposed changes in the Baltimore




system are discussed in detail in Volume 1 (pages 12, 76-88, 115-116,




139, and 145).




     Summarizing these complete discussions, a single run on the com-




puter can simulate a collection system with the'following control




by the user:




     (1)  The trucks carry the refuse directly to a disposal site




with no transfer station (Model 3A);  or, the trucks carry the refuse




to a transfer station with an unlimited number of unloading docks




and with tractor-trailers for transport of the refuse to a disposal




site (Model 3B); or, the trucks carry the refuse to a transfer station




with two unloading docks and with tractor-trailers for transport of




the refuse to a disposal site (Model 3C).




     (2)  Collection frequency may be either semiweekly or triweekly.




     (3)  Truck volumetric capacity may be varied.




     (4)  Truck minimum loaded weight may be varied.




     (5)  With  reference to the number of household units making up




a daily task assignment for a truck, the model equations generate




assignments which average about 6.5 hours per day for 20 cubic yard




trucks.

-------
-4-




     (6)  Rates of pay and overtime pay to labor may be adjusted.




     (7)  Location of the disposal site and routes to it may be




varied.




     (8)  Location of the transfer station, if any, and routes to




it may be varied.




     (9)  Trailer volumetric capacity may be varied.




     (10)  Trailer minimum loaded weight may be varied.




     (11)  The option exists of auxiliary compaction apparatus at




the transfer station.




     (12)  Equipment hourly charges may be varied.




     (13)  Permanent installation capital investment and amortiza-




tion may be varied.




     (14)  The real urban tract for which the model simulates a




collection, system may be bounded as desired by the user with a




maximum population constraint of approximately 300,000 people.

-------
                                                                _ c _



                             SectjLon___2


                       THE SYSTEM CONTROL CARD





     The user is again referred to pages 93-95 of Volume 1.


Reference is also made to the model coding in the latter part of


this volume and the command indexed "0610RUND".


     (1) Control variable 1, COLFRE, is the collection frequency,


which may be 2 or 3 times per week.  The value, 2.0 or 3,0, is


punched in columns 3, 4, and 5.


     (2) Control variable 2, ASSSUN, communicates which of the


three models, 3A, 3B, or 3C (pages 85-96, Vol. 1) is to be run.


The value are:  0.0 for Model 3A, 1.0 for Model 3B, and 2.0 for


Model 3C.  The value must be punched in columns 8, 9, and 10.


     (3) Control variable 3, ASSUNK, adjusts the number of house-


hold units assigned as a collection truck's daily task; the normal


value is 1.0.  The variable appears in the command indexed


"07AOTB1".  If ASSUNK is given a value less than unity, the number


of units assigned is decreased and vice versa.  A value of 1.2


will increase the average daily assignment by 20%.  Thus if a


truck smaller than the standard 20 cubic yards capacity is to be


in the model or if it is desired to reduce the average work hours


of the standard truck, the value would be set less than unity.


Likewise, if a truck larger than standard is to be in the model




*
 Unless specified, each variable contains an imbedded decimal point,

-------
-6-


or if longer workdays are desired, the value would be set greater


than unity.  The value is punched in columns 11 to 15, right justi-


fied.*


     (4) Control variable 4, TRLHAL, and control variable 9, Q10.


If a transfer station is in the simulated system, Q10 is given


the value of 1.0 and TRLHAL is the one-way traffic distance in


miles between the transfer station and the disposal site, having


values such as 5.0, 18.3, or 27.9.


     If no transfer station is in the simulated system, Q10 is


normally given the value of 0.0 and TRLHAL is the average one-way


distance in miles between the disposal site and the population


centroid of the urban tract under study.  However, a refinement in


model usage is possible in this latter case.  If Q10 is given a


value of 1.0 and TRLHAL set at 0.0, the model calculates collection


trucks' traffic distances from each of many subareas in the urban


tract.  Section 3 of this Guide discusses this latter use in


detail.


     In all cases, the value of TRLHAL is punched in columns 16


to 20, right justified.  The value of Q10 is punched in columns


41 to 45,  right justified.


     (5) Control variable 5, RUNNO, is the User's run number; it


is expressed as 2.0, 17.0, etc.   Its value is punched in columns


21 to 25,  right justified.
 *
 right justified:  the rightmost digit must be in the rightmost

 column  of  the specified field.

-------
                                                                -7-




     (6) Control variable 6, K, is an integer number which controls




the values of the pseudorandom numbers which are generated for




drawing from frequency distributions of stochastic events.  A




different sequence of pseudorandom numbers is generated with each




different K.  The value of integer zero, 0, is satisfactory for all




runs; however, the use of different K's for different runs on an




identical system will test response sensitivity to randomness.




The value of K must be integer, may be between 0 and 99999, inclu-




sive, and should be punched in columns 26 to 30, right justified,




without decimal point.




     (7) Control variable 7, NOTRC, is meaningless if no transfer




station is in the simulated system; it should be given a value of




1 in column 35 in this case.  However, if a transfer station is in




the model, NOTRC affects the number of long-haul tractors at the




transfer station.  If NOTRC is set at integer zero, 0, a reasonable




number  of tractors for assignment is calculated by the model.  If,




however, the User wants to assign a certain number of tractors,




NOTRC is given the desired number between 1 and 10.  The value is




integer, and is punched in columns 34 and 35, right justified,




without decimal point.




     (8) Control variable 8, Q9, is the control for paying or not




paying  overtime to collection  truck personnel.  No overtime is




paid if set equal to 0.0; overtime is paid if set equal to 1.0.




The value is punched in columns 38 through 40, right justified.

-------
-8-
           GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION IN BLOK DATA SUBPROGRAM









     The urban tract must first be delineated into "census tracts".




These are relatively small, usually of less than 6,000 population,




and are established by the Bureau of the Census as basis for com-




piling census data.  The population density in housing units per




acre for each tract and the number of housing units within each




tract must be tabulated.  The former data are translated by the




user into one of four neighborhood densities (page 155, Vol. 1).




     Having determined the census tracts' boundaries and household




density classification in each tract, a map termed the Model Map




is prepared.  New residential subareas , formed by one or combina-




tions of several adjacent census tracts of the same density




classifications, must now be delineated and numbered.




     A rectangular grid in units of feet is now superimposed on




the Model Map; the grid axis should parallel residential street




orientation, if such exists.  The grid may be at any convenient




point.  The disposal site and transfer station site, if any, are




plotted or referenced on the map, with their X and Y coordinates




(positive or negative) noted.




     The population centroid of each residential subarea must be




marked and its coordinates noted.  This is a matter of user judge-




ment, as many of the subareas will be irregular in shape and may




have localized housing interspersed with open areas.

-------
                                                                -9-




     The collection trucks dump either at the disposal site or at




the transfer station; in either case, the probable traffic route




between each subarea centroid and the truck dumping site is deter-




mined by the user.




     Four sets of information must be transmitted to the computer




in the BLOK DATA subprogram:




     (1)  Grid coordinates of disposal site and transfer station.




     (2)  Grid coordinates of subareas1 population centroids.




     (3)  Number of household units in each subarea.




     (4)  One-way traffic distances for collection trucks.
(1)  The grid coordinates of the disposal site are entered as FX




and FY in the statement indexed "0650BLK".  The grid coordinates




of the transfer station are entered as TX and TY in the statement




indexed "0750BLK".  TX and TY should be given values of 0.0 when




Model 3A is run (page 81, Vol. 1).




     Assume an urban tract for study is composed of five subareas




such that:
Subarea
number
1
2
3
4
5
Neighborhood
classification
1
1
3
2
4
No. of
households
9227
2472
10303
861
6917
Centroid X
coordinate
53000
57500
61500
50800
52500
Centroid Y
coordinate
64500
62500
64500
61500
62000
                               TABLE   1

-------
-10-





(2)  The subareas population centroids are entered in the BLOK DATA




subprogram as values of AX1 in "0820BLK" and AY1 in "0860BLK".  The




values of Table 1 would appear as:




     DATA AX1 / 53000., 57500., 61500.,                    0820BLK




I               50800., 52500., 20*0./                     0830BLK




                               and




     DATA AY1 / 64500., 62500., 64500.,                    0860BLK




1               61500., 62000., 20*0./                     0870BLK




It should be noted that all subarea statements in BLOK DATA have




space for data from 25 subareas.  Only five subareas exist in this




example, thus the 20*0.0 completing the statement.




(3)  The number of housing units in each subarea are entered as




values of ANOHUN in the statements starting with "0800BLK".  Table




1 values would appear as:




     DATA ANOHUN / 9227., 2472.,10303.,                    0800BLK




1                   821., 6917., 20*0.O/                   0810BLK




(4)  The one-way traffic distance for the collection trucks from




each subarea centroid to the truck dumping site is communicated to




the computer by the commands beginning with "0630TB1", which appear




     AHALDS(I) = (ABS(AX1(I) - AX2(I))  +                  0630TB1




                  ABS(AY1(I) - AY2(I))  +




                  ROADIS(I)) /  5280.




     The choice of each subarea's route may be from three  schemes




 (pages  111 and 112, Vol. 1).

-------
                                                                 -11-




     Assume u subarea 1  has a Metric-L route only from its centrold




to the dumping site.  AX2(1) and AY2(1) are given the values of the




dumping site grid coordinates (0840BLK and 0880BLK).  ROADIS(l)




(1110BLK.) is set equal to 0.0.




     Assume a subarea 2 has a truck highway direct from its centroid




to the dumping site.  ROADrS(2) is given the value of the highway




distance' in feet, and AX2(2) and AY2(2) are set equal to AX1(2) and




AY1(2), causing the Metric-L distance in this case to be zero.




     Assume a subarea (3) for which the trucks move along a highway




to a point "A" and then on a Metric-L path to the subarea centroid.




The highway distance in feet from the dumping site to "A" is entered




as the value of ROAD1S(3).  The grid coordinates of "A" are entered




for the values of AX2(3) and AY2(3).




     The statement for ROADIS information for this example might




appear:




     DATA ROADIS / 0.0, 9400., 1720., 22*0.O/               1100BLK

-------
-12-




                            Sectton  4




              FtELD PERFORMANCE INFORMATION AND COSTS




                      IN BLOK DATA SUBPROGRAM










     All variables listed in the BLOK DATA subprogram must be




given values for the model to run successfully.  In some cases,




the value should be or can be zero, but the value must be entered.




Reference is made to statement "0610BLK" in BLOK DATA of the model




coding in this volume; the three variables, COMPAP, CONA, and CONB




are listed together followed by their three values simply as a




space saving device.  The three statements could have been:




          DATA  COMPAP / 150000./               0610BLK




          DATA  CONA   / 40000. /               0612BLK




          DATA  CONB   / 75000. /               0614BLK




The latter arrangement would have required three IBM cards rather




than the packed one.  The variables in the subprogram and the




manner in which their values are presented are discussed below:




     COMPAP - the capital investment in dollars  (including




installation) of transfer station auxiliary compaction equipment;




this will vary over a wide range depending on  the type and manu-




facturer  (pages 110-114, Vol. 1).  If compaction equipment is  in




the model, the variable RIGMAX  (0710BLK) must  be given the value




of the minimum weight of the compacted load to be carried in the





trailers.

-------
                                                                 -13-




     CONA, CONB, COND, CONE, CONF - these five coefficients appear




in several model equations which express transfer station land




value and equipment cost as functions of station daily capacity.




The equations are indexed "1140TB2" and "1170TB2" for land value;




"1090TB2" and "1110TB2" for equipment and structure cost.  For the




land values, "1170TB2" is applicable for stations with capacity of




200 tons per day or less; "1140TB2" is for stations with daily




capacity greater than 200 tons.  For costs of station structures




and equipment, "1110TB2" is applicable for stations with capacity




of 100 tons per day or less; "1090TB2" for greater than 100 tons




per day.  The user may change the affecting variables, if needed,




to fit his simulated system.  Auxiliary compaction apparatus cost




is not expressed in these coefficients, but with the value of the




variable COMPAP.




     CSHRTC - the hourly charge for tractor operation in dollars




for all costs of the tractor-trailer rig operation except the




driver's pay.  The value includes fuel, maintenance, and amortiza-




tion both for the trailers  and tractor.  The charge is for time of




operation of the tractor; no charge is made against the trailers




per se.  This varies with equipment size.




     CSTHR - the hourly charge for collection truck operation in




dollars.  This  charge is for all costs of the collection truck




operation except the drivers' and laborers' pay; this includes




fuel, maintenance, and amortization.  The charge is for actual




time of operation.  This varies with equipment size.

-------
-14-





     DELDEP - the model attempts to duplicate the activities at




a municipal garage as the trucks leave in the early morning.  The




trucks normally do not all leave together, but rather depart over




a period of time.  DELDEP is the increment in minutes between suc-




cessive collection trucks' departures.  The user does not need to




change the value, set at 0.1 minute.




     DRDPAY - Collection truck's driver's pay in dollars received




for a day's work, even if less than eight hours.  If over eight




hours, the driver receives DRDPAY plus overtime hours times DROVRT.




     DROVRT - Collection truck's driver's hourly overtime pay in




dollars (see DRDPAY).




     FLTLTM - the off-route time in minutes charged to a truck




having a flat tire or breakdown.  User's option as to changing.




     FX, FY - the rectangular grid coordinates in feet of the final




disposal site.




     IN -  the number of input tape for computer installation.




This varies with computer installations.




     IOU - the number of output tape for computer installation.




Varies with computer installations.




     K1NTRK - the capacity in cubic yards of  the compactor  collection




trucks.




     K1NTRL - the capacity in cubic yards of  the long-haul  trailers




working out of the  transfer station.




     NAREA - the number of subareas within the urban tract  being




investigated.  NAREA cannot have a value greater than 25.   Each of

-------
                                                                 -15-




tlu1 subareas is of a homogeneous housing density of one of the four




cJassifications.   Varies with different urban tracts under study.




     ONCE - the tractor-trailer rigs have a histogram for dumping




times at the final disposal site.  It is a normal distribution with




a mean of ONCE minutes and a standard deviation of TRES minutes.




This may vary with the equipment type, but the results are probably




not over sensitive to the values.




     OVPAYL - the overtime pay in dollars per hour for the collection




trucks' laborers.




     PAYLBR - the pay in dollars per day for the collection trucks'




laborers.




     Q5 - Overtime pay in dollars per hour for the driver of the




trailer-tractor rig.




     Q6 - pay in dollars per day for the driver of the trailer-




tractor rigs even if less than an eight hour day.




     Q7 - the tax revenue from the transfer station land which is




lost to the city because of the city's occupancy rather than com-




mercial or industrial occupancy; expressed in dollars per year.




     Q8 - the trailers at the transfer station do not start getting




filled in the early morning until the collection trucks have had




time to make a trip out and back.  The model therefore has the




tractor-trailer rig drivers report for duty later than the collection




truck personnel.  This time lag in minutes is Q8; the one hour




value presently in BLOK DATA is probably applicable to most cities.

-------
-16-




     R - the amortization interest rate for transfer station




structures and equipment; also the interest rate applied to the




transfer station land investment (page 114, Vol. 1).




     RGVMAX - maximum speed in mph allowed the trailer-tractor




rigs in traffic.




     RGVMIN - minimum speed in mph allowed the trailer-tractor




rigs in traffic.





     RIGKA & R1GKB - the two equation coefficients in the least




squares equation, log1QV = RIGKA + (RIGKB*X),  which relates trip




distances with trailer-tractor rig traffic speeds.  V is speed in




miles per hour and X is one-way traffic distance in miles.  After




the dependent variable, log,QV, is found from the equation, the




log of traffic speed is drawn from a log normal distribution which




has "log nV" as the mean and VELSGR as the standard deviation.




The command "0720RGO" then gives the true traffic speed.  If a




new regression equation is desired for the User's locality, a




discussion with the city traffic engineer may suggest improved




equation coefficients.  If the User decides to determine his own




coefficients, it is recommended that approximately 100 tractor




trips with varying trip distances be made.  The least-square




regression of log   speed on one-way trip distance can be calculated




and these coefficients and standard error of estimate, VELSGR,




determined.  It should be noted that the equation is applicable




only up  to a certain maximum distance "RMXDSR"; above this distance,




log  V,  normally found from the equation, has a constant value,




VELMUR.  These  two variables are given values in  "0730BLK and 0760BLK".

-------
                                                                 -17-




     RIGMAX - the minimum net weight in pounds which the transfer




station trailers carry.  Collection trucks dump individually, and




when the accumulated weight on the trailer exceeds R1GMAX, the




trailer is replaced by an empty one.




     RKA & RKli - the two equation coefficients in the least-squares




equation, log  V = RKA + (RKB*X), which relates trip distance and




collection trucks' traffic speeds.  V is speed in miles per hour




and X is one-way traffic distance in miles.  After the dependent




variable, log  V, is found from this equation, the log of the




traffic speed is drawn from a log normal distribution which has




"log  V" as its mean and VELSGT as its standard deviation.  The




command "0680TRF" then gives the true traffic speed.  As discussed




with R1GKA and RIGKB, the city traffic engineer may suggest




improved equation coefficients and standard deviations.  New data




can be gathered and a new equation derived if desired.  Again this




equation is applicable only to a certain maximum distance, "KMXDST";




above this distance, log  V has a constant value, VELMUT.  These




two variables are given values in "0730BLK and 0760BLK".




     RMXDSR - see discussion on RIGKA




     RMXDST - see discussion on RKA




     STMFST - the collection trucks are assigned various amounts




of minimum off-route time which includes delays in leaving the




city garage in the morning, lunch time, and coffee breaks.  These




off-route times increase from "STMFST" minutes for the first truck




to leave the garage in the morning by increments of DELDEP minutes




for each succeeding truck  (page 29, Vol. l)

-------
-18-




     TRES - see discussion on ONCE





     TSLBPA - Collection truck laborer's daily pay in dollars.




     TX & TY - grid coordinates in feet for the transfer station.




     UTILITY - average monthly utility cost of transfer station




in dollars; includes water, gas, and electricity.




     VELMAX - maximum average speed in mph allowed the collection




trucks in traffic.




     VELMUR - see discussion on RIGKA




     VELMUT - see discussion on RKA




     VELMIN - minimum average speed in mph allowed the collection




trucks in traffic.




     VELSGR - see discussion on RIGKA




     VELSGT - see discussion on RKA




     WATEZ - the net weight to which the collection trucks are




loaded before quitting collection and going to dump.  This is a




function of the cubic yardage of the truck and the density to which




it packs.  The 8700 pounds used in Volume 1 came from 20 cubic yard




capacity being loaded to 435 pounds per cubic yard (0770BLK).




Varies with truck capacity and type.




     YRS - amortization term in years for transfer station struc-




tures and equipment (page  114, Vol. 1).




     ANETYP - This  is a subscripted variable for which 25 values




are possible of the neighborhood type of each of the urban tract




subareas.  The example of  Table 1 has only 5 subareas, so the




statement giving  the values  for column 2 of this table would appear:




DATA ANETYP / 1.,  1., 3.,  2., 4., 20*0.0 /               0800BLK

-------
                                                                 -19-




     AX1,  AX2,  AY1, AY2 - These variables have been discussed in




Section 3.  The statements "0820BLK to 0890BLK" in the coding were




derived from Table 6-1 (pages 118-121, Vol. 1) and show the trans-




mittal of the data from the planner to the computer for the Baltimore




tract.




     COLMLK - the average street footage per net acre for each of




the four neighborhood classifications.  This varies greatly between




cities.  The data statement for Baltimore in the coding reads:




DATA COLMLK / 550., 750., 875., 1000., /              0900BLK




This means COLMLK for neighborhood density classification 1 = 550




linear feet per net acre, COLMLK(2) = 750 linear feet per net acre,




etc.




     CORACR - ratio of gross acres to net acres for each of the




four neighborhood classifications.  This varies greatly between




cities and even within cities.




     DAYS - This statement (0920BLK) should be left alone; it has




computer use in printing the proper values of days, such as MWF or




TTS, in the truck assignments of Table 2 of the model results




(page  79, Vol. 1).




NOTE:




     The statements from 0930BLK to 1090BLK inclusive give values




for many frequency distributions  (histograms) of field performance




information and area data.  A discussion follows:

-------
-2U-




     Assume collection trucks'  incinerator dumping times in minutes




have been observed.  The information is:
Time at incinerator
in minutes
2-4
4-6
6-8
8-10
10-12
12-14
Number of
trucks
4
5
12
2
1
1
25
% of
trucks
16
20
48
8
4
4
100
It is desired to put this table in proper form in the BLOK DATA




subprogram so that the simulation of the system also will have 16%




of its trucks taking 2 to 4 minutes, 20% taking 4 to 6 minutes,




etc.  The statement which would transmit this information to the




model would appear:




DATA HISTD1 / 6., 2., 14., 16., 20., 48., 8., 4., 4., 7*0.0 /   1050BLK




The 6. is the number of time increments in data.  The 2. is the




minimum value in the time range.  The 14. is the maximum value in




the time range.  The 16., 20., 48., 8., 4., 4., are the percentage




values of each of the time increments.  The 7*0.0 is needed to com-




plete 16 bits of data as the model programming requires it  (0510BLK).




The HISTK1 is the title for this histogram.  The 17 sets of data




for model histograms are similarly prepared.

-------
                                                            -21-





     HISC12 through H1SC44, (HISC"lJM)




are collection rates in pounds of refuse per hour by crews working




in neighborhood type "I" with "j" data since last collection.  It




is noted that some are alike (0970BLK and 0980BLK).   This is because




no significant difference was indicated between the two conditions.




If the user gathers any field information for his study, these 12




sets of data should have high priority as the model results are




sensitive to their values.  Figures A-14 through A-18  (pages 174-176)




are plots of the distributions for these data.




     HISTD1 - the histogram of collection trucks' dumping times in




minutes (Figure A-20, pages 182 and 183).  This information is easy




to gather; the user should prepare his own.




     HISTU1 through HISTU4 - distributions of housing units per net




acre for the four neighborhood classes.  This will vary between




cities and should be prepared for each urban tract  (Figures A-l




through A-4, pages 155-156).




     PERUN - the average number of persons per housing unit for




the four neighborhood types.  This must be given four values as




BLOK DATA is so programmed  (0530BLK).  If the user wants to use




the same figure for all neighborhood  types, it must be repeated




four times, i.e.,




DATA PERUN / 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0 /                      1100BLK




     ROAD1S - this has been discussed in Section 3.




     RKKA,  RKBB, and RKCC - equation coefficients for the generation




of the number of households for a truck's daily assignment  (0730TB1).




These will not be  normally changed by the user.

-------
                            Section  5




                 COMPUTER REQUIREMENTS AND OUTPUT









     The simulation model has been coded using FORTRAN IV.  The




runs made at Johns Hopkins University were compiled and executed




under an IBSYS monitor on an IBM 7094 computer.  The installation




consists of an IBM 1401 RAMAC system (used as a slave to the 7094),




a 7094 equipped with two data channels with eight tape drives per




channel, a printer, and a card reader.  The Model should run equally




well on any electronic data processing system having a FORTRAN IV




compiler, an input/output device and at least 20,000 words or




equivalent of core storage.




     An average run with a transfer station in the model required




the following times.




          Compiler            2.55




          Assembler           0.43




          Loader              0.49




          Execution           0.30




          Utility             0.11
          Total time          3.90 minutes







     Approximately 8350 lines output and 250 pages are generated




when MAP  instructions are included.  Models without a transfer




station produce about 90% of the above.

-------
                                                                 -23-




     The "state of the simulated system" is not reported in time




increments as it occurs.  The results which are printed (pages




77-84, Vol. 1) are summaries of the six-day week simulated activities




and costs.




     The user submits the model deck of IBM cards to his computer




along with necessary lead cards which identify him, the account




to which the run is to be charged, and special instructions.  After




the run is completed, he will normally get back the deck which he




submitted, another deck in machine language, a listing of the model




identical to that in this volume, and approximately nine pages of




results of his run.

-------

-------
        PART 2




FORTRAN IV CODING OF




THE SIMULATION MODEL

-------

-------
c
(
(.
(.
(
(
r
(
c
C
(.
(.
r
t.
c
c
c
(.
(.
c.
(.
(
r.
c
r.
c
c
c
r.
c
(.
L
(,
c
e
c
r
c
(.
c
c.
c
r.
r.
c
c
(
c
r.
c
(.
t
r.
r
C
c
c
r
<
c
(,
(.
c
c
i
i
r.
c
r.
<
t
t.
c
r
(.
C
r
f.
c.
c
r.
(
c
r.
c
(.
c
r
c
c
c
c
r
S 1 MUI A II M i| I [) WASH MJI1M1IMN H!P A MTV ... T RU I T 1 » 196H

|!lf lull OWING AMI VAI'IAIIIIS USIO IN MIIUM THRfl
A'l II A 1 1 Y ( (IS 1 111 I S ,11 Ml 1 I 1 1 ', , AMOK T 1 7 AT ION, F 1 C
A'.', Slin A ( ON 1 MOl VA W 1 Al1, 1 f , WHF N - 0 , NO TR ANSI 1 R STATION,
WHIN 1 . , 1 S t NCI OUIUI . WHIN - ?., 1'. * 2 OUFUFS.
AASSUNINAI - NUMHI R IIE UN 1 1 S/ TRIJC K BY Rf Gfl F SS 1 UN F OUA T 1 UN
A( II 1 - l.l'l ',S At 1' 1 S
AI'AI DM '.A I HAIII IJISTANCI (I'llH ARfA NA
ANI T Yl' ( N A 1 - Nf I GHMOR Mill JO T Yl'f OF AHIA NA
AMII'UNINAI NUMIll II Nt HOUSING UN 1 1 S IN AREA NA
AM i< ii i ( n A } MiMur R nr «ou 1 1 ', WITHIN ARIA NA
ASMII'I 1 NA 1 - NIIMIII R III 1 IN 1 1 ', / A S S 1 r,NF 1) ID A TRUCK IN AREA NA
AS MINK A ((INSTANT HAVING VAIIIFS SUCK «S 0 . 1 5 UR l./O WHICH
HAIIII II Nil. Ill UN IIS ACIUAIIY ASSICNID TO NO. OF UNITS
(AHUIAlin IKI1M TMI K 1 (,l 1' 1 SS 1 UN F UUA T 1 UN
AX1INAI - X (.(Illlll) LNA II Ul CINIRUIU (IF ARFA NA
AX.MNAI X f riliul) INATF (II fINAI -POINT UN M6TRIC L HAUL PATH
AYIINAJ - Y ffllll/DINAff III CINTMUID UF ARFA NA
AY/INAI - Y 1 I'.UIill INATF Ul IINAI ITIINT UN HFTRIC L HAUL PATH
[\ - A slltt'.MU II VACtAHII DM II IN HldBAK t FNIPRN 10 COUNT
1 H Af 1 (,K', IWf H I 1 Mt .
(ft (-I-ST Ml (,miK,(U)N IHUIK GPfRATKjN PER DAY
( 1 K 1 M ( 1 IK.K T 1 Mr
(I'llHl - tdllKIIIIN IRIUUFNCY PER WFFK
((IIMH - I'lWItNT III Hit LILT ItlN IRUCKS WURKING 1 1 ME SPENT IN
(.01 1 1 (-1 ION.
CMMLK - RAIII) fll STREFT MMFAHE pfR ACRF BY NE 1 GHBORHOUU TYPES
f.(Hlf«/ - IIMI IN HINUTFS FIIK CULIECTING A S1NGLF TRUCK LOAD.
(TMPAP TOTAL (flST INCIUOIN', 1 N S T AL L A T 1 (IN OF AUXILIARY COMPACTING
IUIIPPIUI fflH IRANSffll STM10N
C(,NA- f I NS 1 AN IS
( f Nil APPl AH I NG
( r,N(. IN ( OUA I IONS
(. 1 , M, t 1 1 R
( I t,f TR ANSTFR MAT ION
( ( M - ANIi 1 AND COSTS
( IIRAI.IUM TYPI - RATIO or (,R(r,S ACHES TO NFT ACRES
(.('Mill (USI 01 OPfRATlNG (.1 II 1 F (. T 1 ON IRUCKS FOR ENTIRE WEEK
CfMNII VAI 0[ OF TRANSIIK STATION LAND
fniwl', N1IMH1 H (II Ml NtEXCI UDlNFi DRIVERS, STAIFINf, TRANSFER ST».
( U\l',i - NIIMIKR IN CllllFCrlUN IRIKK fRIW INCtUDINf, OR 1 Vtll
CSHRIC t/HR 1 OR TRACTOR T 1 Ml IN A(TUA1 DPI RATION
fSTHK - I/Ml) EOK CniLFCIION THOCKS EXCLUDING LABOR
f 1 ', - (.(1ST OF THANSFIR SIAIION t RIG OPERATIONS PER DAY
I.AYSIfOIIRi - 1..NDRI A MATRIX USED IN WRITING TABIE 2
WHK H APPEARS
NOR
I 2 3
COLFRE-1. 1 MUNTHU TUEFRI WEOSAT
? MHF TTS BLANK

IIAYSLf - DAYS SINCE LAST COLUCTION
DM Dl I' - TIME INTERVAL AT WHICH TRUCKS LEAVE IN MORNING (MINUTES!
DClAvf - AVERAGE, MAXIMUM, MINIMUM, + STND. DEV.
I,PTMAX - OF
I.CTMIN - COLIECTION TRUCKS TIME IN MINUTES
DMTSK, - AT TRANSIfR STATION
DIIKIIL- (OSI IN DDLl AHS/IIIN EOR COLIECTION TRUCKS OPERATIONS
IK, 1 IMG- (OSI IN DOLIARS/ION FOR TRANSFER STATION AND
TRAIl ER-TRACTOR OPERATIONS
101 ION- (.OSI IN DIHIAKS/HJN FOR ENTIRE OPERATION
lint IS - IIIIAI INVFSIMINI IN TRANSFER STATION LAND AND EQUIPMENT.
IIRIII'AY - IRIVIRS DAllY I'AY IN DOLLARS
DRIVHT (IRIVIRS OVIRTIMI PAY PFR HOUR
DSII - DAYS SINII IAST (OILFCTION
I,W - VARIAHll OSFI) III SI(,NA| DSPS1 OF NEW DAY — «0 EOR NEW DAY
IVIN1 - IYPI (IE IVfNT NIXI 10 HAPPEN TO COLIECTION TRUCK
IVINI 1 - IKUCK MAVIS YARD AND FNTIRS TRAFFIC
IVINT i - IROCK LEAVIS COLIHTION AND ENTERS TRATEIC
IVINT 't = IRUfK (EAVES TRAFrIC AND ENIER YARD
I Vt N 1 'i - ( Mljf K 1 N T 1 R S UJI
IVIM 1 IIIACIOR IRAIIIR R 1 (, HAVIS TRANSEIR S 1 A T I (IN
IVINI fl IRAflnR IRAKI H AI'R|VIS BACK AI IRANSEIR SIATION
1 INHAY - AN INUICAlllll IJSIO IKIWIfN RIGI1AK » DSPSI FOII INDICATING
II'AI A IKAIIIR IS IDLI « IDU , (F INDAY = 99).
IIAMO - IM'i.liAB II I T Y 01 A IH'IKOON OR FLAT TIRE FOR A SINGLE
TI-MIIC IRIP 101' COLLICTIMN IRUCKS.
IX - ' (IORIINAIE OF FINAI DISPOSAL SITE
IY - Y I.I (ii'DINAir (If FINAL DISPOSAL SITE
HI f 1 ?
HISC1) - HISTOGRAMS EOR DISTRIBUTIONS OF
HlSC!«i - COLLECTION RATES IN POUNDS PER HOUR.
HISC?? - THt LASI TWO NUMBERS IJ
H I SC?1 -
HISC2<. - REFER TO
HIST )? -
HISCil - I - NEIGHBORHOOD TYPE
HIS( I* - J = DAYS SINCE LAST COLLECTION
HI SCW -
MISC.'. 3 -
MISfAI. -----------__________
nn I M
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MA IN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MA IN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
U A 1 hi

-------
(
c
c
r.
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
r.
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
r.
c
r.
c
c
c
c
r.
r.
c
c
r.
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
r.
c
c
c
r.
r.
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
r.
c
c
f.
f.
r.
L
C
r.
c
r
r.
c
c
c
I'IMliI - Ml Ml, 1,1' ACS Mil' III!
M I S I ll/* - 11 I ', f R 1 [Ml 1 I 1 N S l.f
MISIIM - IKIU'.ING. UNI IS PER ACRF
ni MI)'. - IN riu <. NI iGni)URiio(ji) TYPES.
HISIUl - fill IK. THIN TRUCKS DUMPING TIMF HISTOGRAM. (MINUTESI
irriiu - (niiKiniN (RH)UTN(v PFR WFFK
IN - NUCIIFR fir INPUT TAP!
I(U - MlCMIH Of niJTPUT TAP!
IRIINNI1 - PUN NUMIirR
II|M|||I.,NU) - (AST CIOCK T|«F THAT OUEIJF ID HAD (NO-II TRUCKS
IN f f .
II W - IMK.EK DAYS lir WI(K, l.f. 1,?,3,ETC.
JTR( - IMIGIR NIIMIITR III r Al II TRACTOR
JTRI - Uril.lU NIIMHFH Ill 1 A( II TRAILER
IIRPIL - wi MM Y rntAi (if CUIIFCIION TRUCKS ROUNOTRIPS
.IIRPKi, - WMMY TOTAL Or IRAIIFR TRACTOR R 1 r, S RUUNOTRIPS
K - A (OMRUI VARIADLt, WHf N = 0, RANDOM NUMBER SF H 1 1 S CANNOT BE
nul'IKAIKI IN lULIUWlNG RUMS. IF > POSITIVE INTEGER, THE SERIES
IS Al WAYS THI SAMf * HUNS (.AM RT UIIP1 ICATFO EXACTLY.
K? - (HIINIFK MID TSTM, IIMI SPrNl AT TRANSFFR STATION
K7RK, - A SWITIHINf, VAMIAHll IN USPSl WHICH INDICATES IE MORE
IHAN (M (Vf-NT IS (.(NtKAKI) II Y SUItROOTINF.
Kir«K A SHIKHINI, VARIAHir IN DSPSl WHICH INDICATES IE MORE
THAN (Ifvf (VfNT IS f.ENIHATri) HY SUHKOIlTINF.
KA - A (.IIINn» Kl» (JUT^.I.r. (Jl)T?IK<.l
K") - A VAI'IAIIU SOH'jtRIPT, DAYSIK-i.JI
KAPTS - (APAUTY IN IONS PF R CJAY (IE TRANSFER STATION
KINTHK - (APAMTY OF COILITIIMN TRUCKS
KINIHI - fApAriiY nr TKAIIFKS
KKK - KTfMP - 1
KSIKIS - SIPFSTMO.O
1 - A fl'IINTrH
MA»LU - MAXIMUM tFNCTH Oh TRANSFER STATION UUEUE
NA = AHT A NUMHI H
NARtA - MlfHIR OF ARfcAS 1NTII MHICH TRACT IS DIVIDED
Hf - C(ll 1 KF - I.
HI:H - Niif in H (ir (UFFtRFNT Ruurrs ASSIGNED TO A TRUCK * - 6./COLFRE
NINCII) MJMIIIR |)F ClILIfCTICN TRUCKS IN OOFUE 1.
NN - ANt 1 YIM I )
NIFIIS - NIIMIIFK Or FLATS OR ItHEAKDOWN
NliKIII - NOMHI R OF ROIJTFS INTO WHICH A SUBARFA IS DIVIDED.
M TRL - MIMItR OF IBACTlIRS
N(lk(? - =1(1 » NIIMIII K 01 IKACIOKS.
NTIRK - NOMMIK Ml COLLELIIriN TRUCKS IN MODEL
N( ll<| - MIMHI R (It TRAIL 1 KS
NrVMIl NIIMIIIR OF IIUK.KS WHITH LOGGED
NIVKI? - I, ?, t ovtR 1 HOURS OF OVERTIME
Nt.'VHI 1 - DURINC, WFEK
NI - 1 VI NT NUMI1F R
(IHCf - III! WIAN (IF FHF NdRM/ll DISTMIHuriUN OF TIME SPFNT" Br
IKA1I 1 R-THAI (OR RK.S Al THF FINAL DISPOSAL SIU. IMINIITFSI.
oprf IIPIHAIING Tint or TRACTORS IN MINUTES
(IHHH - AN AI.CUMIJI ATIIK (IF OF 1 ROUTE TIME FOR ALL COLIECTION TRUCKS
IN MINIIII S
(1VPAYI - LAMORIRS OVFRTIME PAY. (DOLLARS PER HOUIU
ovRrn - A suusr.ciPTFD VARIAHIFI OVERTIME FOR COLLECTION TRUCK
IN HOURS. OVRTMINT )
PAYI H« - LAIKiRIKS DAIIY PAY
PFRUN - A SlJIIS(.klPTEt) VARIAHLEt AVERAGE NUMBER OF PERSONS LIVING
IN A HnosFHOtl) UNIT FOR FACH OF THF A NEIGHBORHOOD TYPES
PNHSIG - mr STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE
PIUNDS PI" PI RSON PER DAY OE GENERATED SOLID WASH.
PRHTll - NUPHrK OF BREAKDOWNS PER 1000 MILES OF TRAFFIC FOR
COl 11(1 ION TRUCKS.
U5 - DVFRTIMr PAY PIR HOUR 1 OR TRACTOR DRIVER
06 - DAIIY PAY FOR TRACTOR DRIVERS
01 - YMI'LY LOST TAX RFVFNUF FROM TRANSFER STATION LAND
OB - TIMF IN MINUTES AFTtR /ERO CLOCK TIME WHEN TRACTOR DRIVERS
Rl PORT MIR DUTY.
OS - A RUN CONTROL VAH 1 AfiL F , KHCN * 0. NO OVERTIME IS PAID TO
ClillFCIION TRUCK CREHSt WHEN * 1. OVERTIME IS PAID.
010 - A RUN CONTROL VAKIAHLIi WHEN " O.iALL COLLECTION TRUCKS
A«r CI.NSIL)FH(D TO HAVT TIU SAME TRAFFIC HAUL DISTANCE WHICH IS
FCUAL TO Tilt VALUF flF TRLHAL. WHEN = I. COLLECTION TRUCKS HAVE
nilFLRINI HAUl 01 STANCES. EACH BEING CALCULATED FROM METRIC L
PATHS « RIJADIS.
OIIIAvr - AvfPAGE, OE LENGTH OF COL
LUIKAX - MAXIMUM, TRUCKS WORKDAY
U;I*IN - MINIMUM • IN HOURS
UMSir, - SINI! DEVIATION
(.II^IIII - IIHE OF EVINT •, MIR LAST COLLECTION TRUCK AT QUEUE 1.
LTH - M«l in UUMjr FOR A PAUIICULAR TRUCK.
Ll.llwf - LI/MI ING (IMF FACII IMY FOR TRACTORS
U1, 1 1 IMINT, lliwl - MATRIX OF ijOITTING CLOCK TIME OF TRUCKS, NT, ON
(AY III Till MIK, |DW. IMINOTIS)
(-lir/ - A SUH'.CR IP Tl [) VAIMAHll WHICH IS A VECTOR OF UUITTING
TI"IS M« (OLIiCIION TRUCKS FrjR ENTIRE WEEK. K<, IS ITS COUNTER.
P - AMUR! l/AI ION INTIR1SI RAII FOR TRANSFER STATION AND LAND
KIPIM - 1RAII FK-IHACTI1R l< 1 G T|»F AT FINAL DISPOSAL SITF GENERATED
rfl,M A MiKMAl [II SIR IHIJT ION. IMINIITFSI
M(,UMA« - THI IIPITR IIMII IN MPH FOR T R AC TOR - T R A 1 L E R SPEEDS.
MfUh-IN - nil tllkIR LIMIT IN MPH FHR T R AC TOR - TR A 1 1 F R SPFIOS.
"ILKA - Y IHKRSrCI IN kl(. CESSION FBUATION OE L (If, SPfFOS OF
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN

-------
(.
(
(
c
(.
(
c
(.
c
(.
f
<.
(
(.
c
f
C
r.
r
(.
c
(
i
c
(.
r.
C
r.
r.
c
c
r.
r.
t.
c
L
c
c
r.
r.
r
r
r.
r.
c
r.
c
c
c
r
c
c
c
c
c
c
r.
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
r.
r.
r
r.
c
r.
r.
(.
r.
c
C
c
c
t
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
r.
c
t
1 f ft 1 1 Ml - U< M 1 1 U S I,U I' 1 ', 1 ANM .
1' 1 ' >• II M'l II I' II Nt UF INUI I'l Nl;! NT VAK 1 A HI 1 , 01 STANCI i IN
in i,R| S' Ulli lullAllliN III Illl, SIM IDS III IUAII F H- IHAC HlHS DN
i 1 S 1 A N r t .
I' 1 f,M A X Nil Will, HI RAY 1 flAI; IJ! |(|NI, HAUl TRAILER.
R 1 ' VI 1 1 KM, T III' ( H A | 1 ( I' M'l i II M'H
KKfi - Y (Nil I'M M IN RII.KISSION 1 OUA 1 I ON III I Of. SPEEDS OF
1 1 1 1 1 1 < I 1 ( 1 f I 1 1' 1 1 ( K S UN ( ) 1 S I A N f ! .
KK II ( i'l 1 1 II 1 Hit ill I Nlll I'l Mil NT VAH I ABI 1 i 01 SIANCF , IN RFGRFSS ION
II.UAIIIN ill Illl, SI'lll)', III ( 1)1 1 f CT II, N TRUCKS ON DISTANCf.
UK A A 1 1 t 1 Ml 11 Nl S IN HI I, I'l SSI UN I IJUAI ION
I'Klill IIF MIMItl R Of UN 1 1 5 ASSIGNED TO A TKUCK
KHII - Ofl MAIJl DISTANCF • NFIGHBOKHOOO TYPF
I'MXISt Illl IIPI'I R MM! Ill Illl INDI I'f Nlll NT VARIABLE, UISTANCF.
II, H WI'KU ll'l III I, HI SS IUN l;( 1 (,(, SIMM)', IIF LIU 1 f ( T 1 (IN TRUCKS ON
1 1 SI AN( 1 1 ', Al'l'l If AIU I .
KMXIJSII IMI DIMM H 1 IMIT III Illl INOFPINDFNT VARIABLE, DISTANCE,
1 f IK WH 1 1 H ll-l K t (,R| S S 1 UN ()! (Ill, SPF F US (IF 1 H A(, I OR- T R A H F R R 1 F S
IN 1)1', 1 AMI 1 1 ', AP I'l 1C Alll I .
KM, - A I'ANIHIf NUMIIFR
I'UNNU ll'l I'UN NUMIU R
SI (II Ml MIM 01 HIIK'j OilllMION MHFAGF FUR COLLECTION TKUCKS
SMWRM IIIIAI UIMRAMHI, HIIOI", I]F TRANSFER SIATIUN DURING WFFK
SRIf.MI SUM 01 HlfK, MllfA',1 FUR TRACTOR-TRAILER RIGS
r,IAI - SIAIIIS.IN IRAF F IC.WA 1 1 ING.t T C . , OF THAILFRS OR TRACTORS
S 1 A [OS • 0 OIIF IS I MPI Y
si A IDS - i uui i s NU r i MIM Y
STAID". H IKACTOI' IS IDLI
SIAIOS ' ') IHAI 100 IS IN 1KAF-FIC
SFATOS - 10 THAI! HI IS 11)11 AND EMPFY
SIAIDS - 11 TRAHIH IS IN IIIAFFIC
SIATIJS I/ TKAILTM IS 11)11 AM) Fllll
SIAIDS = It TKAIIIR IS I'.FINf, F I 1 L F I)
SIKFPI SUM OF HIFKS IHAI F If. MIFAl.F FOR COLLtCTION TRUCKS
SIKFS! SIARIING TIMF Fill' FIRSI TRUfK OUT IN MORNING » f 1 MF FDR
MINIM RIDS (OFIII ORIAKS [)U« I Nf. DA Y 1 M 1 NU T F S 1
SllfHUI (OIAI f'UMHFR 01 COIIFI.TION ROUIFS IN MODEL
lARIAINI.NIlA) - A UFA TO HHIMI TRUtK NT IS ASSIGNFD ON DAY DNA
IHAI I)S I HI ,NDA 1 - MAUL DISTANCI IOR IRUCK NT CN DAY ONA
IICI - 1 IK! IN HINDUS Al WI'ICH NFXT FVTNT IIAPPFNS
TIflUII.II - AN Arrilflll AI1IK MATRIX SHOWING TOTAl TIMF WHICH
C.UIOI 1 MAS MAD i IRUI.KS WITHIN IT.
TM I Y1M NT ,NDA I - NflVC IIF CIIILIfTION FOR TKUCK NT ON DAY F)NA
IM MDNIM.NDA) - MO. OF UN 1 I S 10 COLLECT FOH TRUCK NT ON DAY ONA
Iff.AGF - WIIDF'I IN IONS BY DAYS
l( T 1 JIRI , JDwl - AN AC.CUMU! AMIR OF OVERTIME HOURS OF I RAC TOR i JTRC ,
f N LAY I,F TMF HF 1 K , JOW.
IF ICDS - IIIIAI COST FDR WFfKS ACTIVITY
IOIFON - IOIAI KINNAdF COLllf.TFD IN WFFK
TK(. - A SUHSCHICTIU VAR1ABLI. TRACTOR NUMBER ASSOCIATED WITH THE
F VI NI NOMI1I R.
IRIS1N - AN A( COMUI ATOR WHICH COUNTS 1HF NUMBER OF COLLECTION
TRUCK KAI TIRFS OR 11 RF AK DOWN S THROUGH THE WEEK
IRIS ^ IMI STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE NORMAL DISIRIBUTION OF
TRAII 1 K-IRACKJR TIMF AT TMF FINAL DISPOSAL SITI.
TRFIIR - AN ACCUMULATOR 01 TRAFFIC TIMF FOR ALL COLLECTION TRUCKS
IN M INIJH S.
TRFIM/ - TIML FOR ONE-WAY COILCCTION TKUCK TRAFFIC TRIP. (MINUTES)
TRIP - A sunsCRiPrru ACLUMUIAIUR WHICH COUNTS NUMBER OF ROUND
TRIPS FIR 1RUCKS • IKACICIKS.
IRKDAY - NUMHFR OF RUUIIS • NUMBER OF COLLECTIONS PER WEEK
TRKIOINTI - WEIGHT CARRIED I1Y IRUCK TO DISPOSAL POINT
ll'l - V\ SUBSCRIPTED VARIABII, TRAILFR NUMBER ASSOCIATED WITH THE
F VI Nl MJMHER.
IHIHAl - DISIAMCF IN Mills FROM TRANSFER STATION TO FINAL DISPOSAL
1RPIIII - NUMBER OF TRIPS HY HHLFCTION TRUCKS DURING WEEK
llll'RK, - NUMBI R OF TRIPS BY 1 R AC TOR- T R A 1 L EFt RIGS DURING WEEK
TKPTM - MINOirs I OR TRAflOR IRAILER ROUND TRIP
IS - 1 M ANSI ! R S 1 A II ON
ISLOSI IIIIAI nisi IN DIIL1ARS FOR TRANSFER STATION •
ISMR IMHIINI IIF MMt IHOCKS SPEND AI TRANSFER STATION
ISIHI'A - DAILY I'A < FOR IRANSFFR STATION lAFtOKER (DOLLARS)
ISIM - HINDUS WHICH (.01 1 Ff. 1 1 ON IRUCK IS Af IS
IX - X (IIIRIJINAIF OF TRANSFFR STATION
1Y - Y (I'ORMNAK OF TRANSFIK STAIION
DNAfRI - f.UMBI R in HOUSING UNI IS PER NE I AC.RF
UIIIIY - MUNIIil Y UMI 1 IYI WAI! H.FIECIRICI TY.F 1C. I COST OF TRANSFER
S I AT II.N.
VFIMAX - UI'PIR LIMIT OF COLLICTICN IRUCK TRAFFIC SPEF.O. (MPH)
VllMI'l - VdHIR LIMIT OF CM 1 ft T. I ON IKULK TKUFFIC SPftD. (MPHI
VI I Ml)» - Mt AN OF NORMAL DISIKIBUTION OF LOG SPEFDS FOR OISIANCFS
GRI ATFR IHAN RMXCSR.
VFLMUT - MFAN UF NORMAL DISIRIBUTION OF LOG SPEEDS FOR DISTANCES
GHfATFR THAN RMXDST.
VFLSf.R - STANDARD ERROR OF ESTIMATE OF REGRESSION OF LOG SPEEDS
CF TRAILER-TRACTOR ON DISTANCE.
VF-LSIT - STANDARD ERROR OF ISTIMATE OF REGRESSION OF LOG SPEEDS
CF TRUCK UN DISTANCE.
WATt(NT) - WEIGHT IN POUNDS TO BE COLLECTED IN DAY BY TRUCK NT
W/.1FZ - NF1 WEIGHT PAY IOAD OF COLLECTION TRUCKS
WT - AN ACCUMULATOR OF WFIGMT COLLECTED EACH DAY. (POUNDS)
XM - ANCKOI (I), A VARIABLF USED TO CONSERVE SPACF
XI AY - MIMBI R OF COLLECTION TRUCKS IN USE FOR FIRST COLLECTION
HI I'll II IM! k.((K, TMIHI MAY fl F FFWFR ON IATFR ROOIES.
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN

-------
         I,KMI I
    S I H I)' I I III I


   IF "UN AM)  I) I Ml N'. I
                 I  VI AU ,  Mil'  AMIKII/AIIIIN III  I "ANSI I H S I A I | UN
                  lUDlI'MINI (AI'IIAI  INVISTMINT.
                         I U" MSI I'Rtir ( S'. INI,  RIIUI I Nl S
 I ( fMIlN I!1. Ill,, If A( UK , I < HI I f , II I I If, K , ICIIRt , IUUMM2,II)UMM4,IFRST2
 I I KM UN I I II S I 't , |( II SI tl, I IIVWHI), I I I Mt 1, I I  |MI 2, I IYPF 2, JBUI,, |l"MFf K
 ( 11C M IJN MA/I K| ,MAXlNI,MAXl,llYPFl
 I) I f I f|S I IN  I ( IIH I ( 1 I)'|(J ) t  I (Mil ( Ml )
 I (.11 I V At f Nl  ( I I f l)Pf ,1 f;H I )
 rilfflJN ANIJ  IIIMIMMtJN  H>H  SIMUIAMUN

 < I KMMN /III1/  AT.AIHt.AHAIDS.AM t Y I' , ANUHUN , ANORU I , A SNUP T ,
1               A A', SUN, AS SS UN, A', SUNK,AX1,AX2,AY1>AY2,B,C(, LtCLKTM,
>               n| FHI ' , ( I II MM, (.(I I CLK.r.OI IMZ.C, [jMPAP.CIJNA.f UNH,
i               UN'. ,i ijNh.riiNi ,( UNF ,rasf m  ,t, IIHAC K.CIISI ND,
4               «[WISiCfHS/,(. SMKM. ,rSTMH,tIS.I)»YSil)ILOFMiOMTAVEi
s              )M7M/ix,i;Mr«iN, >vrs ir, ,1x11 nil ,ixn a tr,,uR(jVMAXlKbVMINtKIGKA
 (CKKdN /HO/  HII, KR, Mil, MAX, R IC.VI I , RK A , RK A A , RKtl , RKBH , RKCC ,
1               Rl)»l)lc, ,HMXnSH,K"XOSI ,RNU,KIINNO, SCUL ML . SMWRKT ,
?              SRir.MI , SI AT, MM I SI .StRFML.SUMHUT.MJMTRK,
?              !ARfA,ll|(m
 L
 2
 HISr42ll6),"ISr.4)ll6l  HISC44(16),HIStDlll6>,
 H 1^ rill I U) .HI Sill 2 I 16)  HISTU3I 1M.H1 STU4I Ifcl ,
 MPTM(fcO)   tOVRTMISOl   PFRUNI4)   .QOI50I      ,
 OUITMLI60I.UUI?! (00)  R(IAI)ISI25),STATI90I
 TIMFI60)   ,rilNAI,M6l   TOTMTI50)  .TRCI60I     ,TRIPI90I
 THKLOI50I  ,TRII6DI      TSTMI 1000) .WAIF 1501  ,
 IIAYSI2.3),   ITIMII2.12),  OIJI T TM I 50, 6 I ,  RKAAI4.2),
 RKnill4,2l,    KKCC(4,2),TARFAI50,3),THALr)S(50,3l,
 IIMEQI2.12I, INF IYPI50,3),  TNOHUN(50«3I

• STARI  flF  SIMUIATKIN	
                                                                                      MAIN
                                                                                      MAIN
                                                                                      MAIN
                                                                                  OOIOMAIN
                                                                                  0020MAIN
                                                                                  OniOMAIN
                                                                                  00()MAIN
                                                                                  00 /DMA IN
                                                                                  OOHOMA IN
                                                                                  OO'IOMAIN
                                                                                  01 DOMAIN
                                                                                  01 10MAIN
                                                                                  OI20MAIN
                                                                                  01 30MAIN
                                                                                  OHOMAIN
                                                                                  0150MAIN
                                                                                  Ol'iOMAlN
                                                                                  01 DOMAIN
                                                                                  01HOHAIN
                                                                                  01'*OMAIN
                                                                                  0200MAIN
                                                                                  0210MAIN
                                                                                  0220MAIN
                                                                                  0230MAIN
                                                                                  0?<.OMAIN
                                                                                  0250MAIN
                                                                                  02'.OMAIN
                                                                                  0? ?OMAf N
                                                                                  02HOMAIN
                                                                                  02'IOMAIN
                                                                                  0300MAIN
                                                                                  0310MAIN
                                                                                  0 )?OMA IN
                                                                                  OHOMA1N
                                                                                  0340MAIN
                                                                                  0350MAIN
                                                                                  0360MAIN
                                                                                  0370MAIN
                                                                                  OiHOMAIN
                                                                                  0390MAIN
                                                                                  OAOOMAIN
                                                                                  0410MAIN
                                                                                  0<.20MAIN
                                                                                  0430MAIN
                                                                                  0<>50MAIN
                                                                                  O^hOMBIN
                                                                                  0470MAIN
                                                                                  0,
 1              I nil I 1 , I'* , INLRMI , ICHj. I RUNNtl, I I I Ml , JI)W, JIHC ,
                                                               0010 BLK
                                                               00?0 BLK
                                                               0030 BLK
                                                               OO'iO BIK
                                                               0050 BLK
                                                               OOftO BLK
                                                               0070 BIK
                                                               OOHO BLK
                                                               0090 BLK
                                                               0100 BLK
                                                               0110 BIK
                                                               01^0 HLK
                                                               0130 BLK
                                                               0140 BLK
                                                               0150 BLK
                                                               0160 BLK
                                                               0170 BLK
                                                               0180 BLK
                                                               0190 BLK
                                                               0200 BLK
                                                               0210 BLK
                                                               0220 flLK
                                                               0230 BLK
                                                               0240 BLK
                                                               0250 BLK
                                                               02f>0 BLK

-------
31
? JTRl, IH'HC.I , 1 IKI'K(,,K ,KJ,K'. ,K5,KAPTi,K INTKK,
\ KINIHl,KSTMfS,Ktl'DPtHAXLO.NA,NA«CA,NC,NnA,
VRTM,I'AYLI)M,PERUN,PNOMU,PNOSIG,
1 PRBFI I, CO, 01,02, U3, 04, 05, 06, Of. 08. 09, 010,
H yll.OMAX.QO.UIJIAVF.BUIMAX.UUlMIN.OUISIG.
1 gulTMC,t;UlTTM, , ANOHUNI 25 1 , ANORUT ( 25 1 t
1 ASNUPt (?•>! ,AASSUN(25I ,AX1 (25) ,AXZ<25) i
2 AYK^SI ,AY2(25), HI 10) ,CCL(6) ,C.GLMLK(4) >
) U)RAr.K(4) .CTSI6I ,FVFNT(60I ,H I St 1 2 1 16 I .
4 HISC 11(16). HISC 14(16), HISC22(16),M ISC 231161,
5 HIS C 74 (16 I .HISC 321 16 1 ,H1 SC 33(16), HISC 34( 16) ,
6 >mc<,2ii6>, HISC 41U6I, HI sC44(i6i,HisrDUi6i,
7 HISKJ 1(161. HISMJ 2(161, HISTLmiM.HISTU* (161.
H (1PTMI60I .OVRTMI50I ,PtRIJN(4) ,00150) .
1 (jUI IMC (60), UIJTPI 3001. RH ADI 5(25), STAT 190)
UIPFMSKiN T1fl(60l ,TfJNA(,((6I ,TOTWT(50I ,TRCI60I ,IRIP(90I ,
1 TRKLDI50) .TKLI60) , T STM ( 1000 ) , HATE 1 50 I .
2 OAYSI?,3), ITIMII2,12). UU I T TM ( 50, 6 1 , RKAAI4.2I,
1 RKBH(4t2l. RKCCC.,2),FARCA(iO, 3), FHALDS ( 50. 3 > ,
<• TIMiU(2,121, INI TYPI50.3) , FNOHUNI 50 . 3 I

OATA CUfPAP.CONA.CfJM) /O.O, .<,0 /
OAFA (IHCFf,()RI)PAY,OROVKF / 0.1, 19.80, 3.67 /
DATA FlUTM.FX.ry / A5., -39600. , 39000. /
OAtA IN. KHI.KINTRK.KINTRL / '5,6,20,75 /
OAFA NARf A.ONCl.DVPAYL / 13, H., 3. 37 /
CATA PAYLIIR.PNnHU.PNDSIR / 1 8. , 1 . 95 , 0. 09 /
OAFA PRHFlI.OS.Qft / 0.001,3.75,20. /
DATA CH.Cfl.R / 0.0, 60. ,0.10 /
DAFA RGVf AX.RGVMIN.RIGKA / 0. /
DMA VFlKUR.VFLMUT.VfiLMIN / 1.605,1.605,10. /
DATA VELSGR.VFLSGT.WATEJ / 0.1366,0.1366,8700. /
OATA YRS / 30. /
OATA ANf HUN/ 5711., 1099. ,6124., 2079., 11 186., 9659., 7299. ,1887..
1 5906., 10519. ,6731. ,2317., 3937. ,12«0./
OATA AX1/ 53100., 5'. 20 0. , 56400. , 62100. , 63200. , 59500. , 29300. . 82600.
1 81500., fl3000.,U600., 66600., 62100., 12*0. /
OATA AX2/ 66000. , 54?00. , 564 00 ., 66000. , 6 3200. , 66000. , 29300. . 82600.
1 B1500.,83COO.,(.6',00.,66nnO.,66'iOO.,12»0./
DATA AY1/ J<.600.,41flOO. , <,5600. , 42200. . 38500. . 32900. , *2900. . 38700.
1 )5500. ,31 100., 28600., 2B300.. 28000. ,12«0./
OATA AY?/ )9 000. ,M BOO., 45600. ,39000., 38 500. ,39000. ,*2900. , 38700.
1 35 500. .31100. ,10600. .28)00. .30600., 12*0. /
DATA COIMLK/ 550. . 750. .075. . 1000. /
DATA DAYS / 6HM(]NTHU.AM MHF ,6HTUEFR1,6H TTS ,6HWEOSAT,6H
DATA MIS(1? / 5., 1000. ,6000. ,22. ,36. .22. ,10. ,10., 8«0. /
DATA HISt.ll / 5., 1000. ,6000., 10. ,22., 16. ,22. ,10., 8»0.. /
DATA HIS(.l / 8..20CO., 10000. , 8. , 23. , ?<,. , 2 1 . , 1 2 . , 6. , *. , 2. , 5«0. /
DATA HISC43 / 8., 3000., 11000. ,8. ,23. ,2*. ,21. ,12. ,6.,*. ,2. ,5*0. /
DATA HISC',', / 8., 3000., 11000. ,8. ,23. ,24. ,21. ,12. ,6., 4. ,2., 5«0. /
DATA H1STT1 / 10. , 2. , 12. ,H., 10. ,26. ,20. ,8. ,4. ,4. ,12. ,6. ,2. ,3*0. /
DATA HISTU1 / 4. ,2. ,10. , 1 4. , 20. , 46. , ?0. ,9«0. /
DATA HIS1U2 / 5., 10. . 20. . 5*20. ,8«0. /
DATA HISTU3 / 4. ,20. ,40. ,42. , 2»2 3. , 1 2. . 9»0. /
DATA H1STU4 / 4 . , 40 . , 80. , 50 . , 4 1 . , 5 . , 4. , 9«0. /
OATA PFK1IN / 2.7,2.9,3.1,3.4 /
DATA ROAOIS / 0., 11900., 124CO. ,0., 2600. ,0. ,8300. ,12500. ,8900..
1 16100. ,10200., 13100., 102 00., 12»0./
OATA RKAA / 1155. ,1393., 1264., 1129., 1224. ,1878. ,1703. ,1555. /
OATA RKl'R / -39. 3, -53.0, -49. 1, -41. 6, -16. 8, -77. 9, -68. 3. -64.4 /
DATA RKfC / .759 ,.9f6 ,1.015, .874 ,.715 ,1.601,1.447,1.429 /

FNC
02(0
0?HO
0290
0300
0310
0320
0330
0340
0350
0360
0370
0380
0390
0400
0410
0420
0430
0440
0450
0460
0470
0480
0490
0500
0510
0520
0530
0540
0550
0560
0570
0580
0590
0600

0620
0630
0640
0650
0660
0670
0680
0690
070(1
0710
0720
0730
0740
0750
0760
0770
0780
0 790
0800
OR10
,0820
0830
,0840
0850
.0860
0870
,0680
0890
0900
09 10
/0920
0930
0940
0950
0960
0970
0980
0990
1000
i n i n
1 1' i u
1020
1030
1040
1050
1060
1070
1080
1090
1100
1110
1120
1130
1140
1150
1160
1170
BLK
BLK
BIK
HLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
8LK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK

BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
RLK
niK
BLK
BLK
SLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK

-------
32
                         C  B M K •
                          SIJMMIJIJI INF I! 1NURM ( X t Y t KHIJ I
                          <- .S'( I . < SURTI l.-RH(]«XHOI I
                          A-SLHT(CI
                          ll'SK.NI SCKTI l.-CI ,Mhll)
                          S-6.2H J?"KNNR< 0)
                          T-SURTI-2.»Ainr, (RNNRIOMI
                          II-MUNI s>
                          V' T«(.()SI S I
                          X-A»U«B«V
                          v-n»u+A«v
                          RT TURN
0010 BNO
0020 BNG
0010 BNO
00*0 BNO
0050 BNO
0060 BNf)
0070 BNO
OOHO BNO
0090 BNO
0100 BNO
0110 BNO
0120 BNO
01 JO BNO
                    «IBf1C CAIIS*
                          SURROUTINF  CAUSf(ITVPF,IDND,ItIME)

                          COMMON  UNO  OlMfNSlON FflH LIST  PROCESSING ROUTINES

                          CTMMUN  I BUG, IfALOR, [CHECK, (CLOCK, I CORE, IF)UM,M2, IOUMM.*, IFRST2
                          COMMIIN  lFHSr<,,IFRST8.lOVRHO,mMri,[TIMF2,lTYPF2,J6UG,JCHFCK
                          trim IN  MAXCRE,MAXINT,MAXT,ITYPF1
                          HIMFNSION  ICORfl lOOOli CORFI50I
                          CCltlVALFNCI I I CORF. CORF I


                          COMMON  ANn  DIMENSION FOR SIMULATION

                          COMMON  /BO/  A9,ACRF,AHAIOS,ANFTYP.ANOHUN,ANORUT.ASNUPT,
                         1             AASf,UN,AS5SUN,ASSIJNK,AXl,AX?.Ayl,AY?,BiCCLiCLKTM.
                         ?             CIlLFRF.CnLHR.Cril MLK , COL If I, COUP AP , COMA, CONB ,
                         3             tONC,CnND,C(lNF,CDNF,CDSCOL.CORACR,CUSLND,
                         *             CREHrS,CRUSZ,CSHRTC,CSTHR,CTS.DAYS,OFLDEP.OMTAVE,
                         5             I)MlMAX,nMTMlN,()HrSIG,001.Cl)L,nOLRIG,OOLTON.
                         6             UOlTS,OR[JPAY,OHI)VRT,nSIC,DW.FVENT,F INDAY,
                         7             FlATNn,FLTLTM,FX.FY,HlSC12,HISCU,HISCl<.,
                         fl             HISC??,HrSC2),HISC2'.,HISC12.HISC33,HISCTt,
                         1             HI SCHI SC«RlRGVMAX>RGVHINtRIGKA
                          CTPMON  /FID/  Rlr,KB,R 1 GMAX, R I GVEL , RKA.RKAAt RKB , RKBB ,RKCCt
                         1             ROAUI S.RMXI)S»,RMXnST,RNO,RUNNO,SCOLML,SMWRKT,
                         2             SR1GML,STAT,STMFST,STRFML,SUMRUT,SUMTRK,
                         1             TAReA.THALOS,T[ME,TIMEOiTNETYP,TNOHUN.
                         «             TCNAGE,nJTCOS,TUTU)N,TUTWT,TRC,TRCSIN,TRES,
                         5             TRFHR.TRFMLirRFTMZ.TRIP.TRKDAY.TRKLn.TRl,
                         6             TRLHAl,TRPCOL,TRPRIG,TRPTM,TSCOSr,TSHR,
                         7             TSLBPA.TSTM.TX.TYtUNACREiUTILTYtVELMAX,
                         H             VFLMIN,VELMUR,VELMUT,VELSGR,VELSGT,WATE,
                         9             HATEZ,HT,XOAY.YRS
                          OICENSIUN   AHALDSI25) ,ANCTYPI 25 I,ANOHUN(25 I,ANORUTI 25 I,
                         1            ASNUPTC25I ,AASSUN(25),AXH25)   .AX2I25I    ,
                         2            AYK25I    ,AY2(25I,  B ( 10 I ,CCL ( 6 I .COLHLKI << I  ,
                         3            CORACRd) ,CIS(ft)    ,FVENT(60» .HISC12I16I,
                         «            HISC13(16),HISCl'.(16).HISC22ll6),H[SC23(16li
                         5            HlSC?M161.HlSC12(16),HlSC33tl6)lHlSC)4ll6)i
                         6            HISC0)  ,TflNAGF(6)  ,TOTWT(50) ,TRC(60)    ,TRIP(90I
                         1            IKKLDCiO) .TRLI60)    , T STMI 10001 , HATE I 501  t
                         2            OAYSI2.3I, ITIMU2,12), OUI TTM ( 50, 6 ) ,  RKAA(*,2I,
                          3            RKBBC.,2),  KKCCU,2I,TAREA(50,3).THALDS(50,3>,
                         «            TIMFUI2,!?), TNFTYPI50.3). TNOHUNI50.3)

                          CAU  H;ri
-------
                                                                                                 33
    I (Jl I V Al I fM I ( I M'M (  , I  (
         IN  rtNl  I; | PI fjs | (m  f [
                               SIMUATION
    ( C fl*ll'l  /Id / A9, Af.KI ,AHAI IIS, ANF T Y P , ANOHUN , ANOR U T i ASNUPT,
   I              AA', SUN,ASSSI|N,ASSUNK,AXl,AX2,AYl,AY2.B,CCl,CLKTM,
   2              (l!lFIM,(llltll<,COlMIK,fOlIM/,COMPAP,CONA,CIJNH,
   1              f IM. ,f (INU,< ONF .UJNF ,COSUlL,C(jRACR,COSlNI),
   4              [RiHis.rKos/.fSHRTc , cst HR, cis, DAYS, IJFLOFP.UMTAVE,
   5              ()M!MAX,OMIMIN,I1M t S IG , UOLCOL .001 R IG ,<>OL ION,
   6              OOL !S,I)K[)l'AY,l)RUVRr,l)SLC.DH,FVENT,FINOAY,
   /              FIATNr),FLUIM,FX,FY,HtSC12.HISC13,HlSC14,
   I!              HIS(.22,HISC2 ),HISC2<,,HISC32,HI SC33.HISC34,
   9              HI Sf.42.HI SC4 3,H I SC44
    ( (If MON  /I'll/ HI SIOl ,HI STUl.HI STU2.HI SIU3,H| STUA,
   I              Kflim,IN.INCKfr,lnu,IRUNNO,lrlKL,jnw,JTRC,
   /              JIKI , IIRPCI , JTRPKG,K,K2,K4,K5,KAPTS.KINTRK,
   )              KINll'l ,KSTMI S.KIMnP.MAXLU.NA.NARFA.NC.NDA,
   4              NI)R,NN,NUKUI,Nliri T S , NO TRC , NO TRC 2 , NO TRK ,
   5              Norm  ,NOVKT 1,NIIVHT2,NOVRT3,NT,ONCE,OPTM,
   6              lllll|    tAY2!2il,  HI 101 ,CCL (6) .COLMLKI*) ,
   1             UiRArnc.)  ,(.T',(6I     .FVFNTIiSO) .HISC12U6),
   «             Hl'>(. 1 )l 16) ,HISf, 1'. I 16) .FUSC/21 16) .HISC23I 16) ,
   ">             HI«, (. f,( It, } ,HI V. IS I 16) ,HI SC 131 16) ,111 SC i             HISf'.;il6),HISC'.lll6l,HISC'i'ill6),HlsrDl(16),
   7             HIS IUlll6l,HISTU^(16),HISTU3(16),HISrU(2>3)t  1IIMLI2.12),  OU1 T TM( 50,6 ) .  RKAA(4i2)t
   1             RKRHC.,?),   kKCCI A, 21 .TARFAI50, 3) , THALOS(50,3) .
   <,             I[MFU(2,L2I>  TNFTYP(50,1I , TNdHUN I 50, 3 )

132 NFTYP  - fNC TYPI NI ,NOR I  » 0.5
    IF I TRIIMNT ) .NF.O. )  GO  Tf) 200
100 TRIPINI I  = 1.
    RNH  =  RNNRIOI •  100.
    GC  TO  ( ?0?,20<.,?06,20B) , NFTYP
202 CALL  HISItHlSIUl.RNn.Y)
    GC  TO  210
204 CALL  HISTIHISTU2.RND.YI
    GO  TO  210
206 CALL  HISHHISTln.RNO.Y)
    (,o  10  ?in
20B CALL HI SI (HtSTU'i.RND, Y)
210 UNACRF  <•  V
    ACRE  =  INCHUNINT.NDRI  • COR ACR I NE TYP )  / UNACRE
    CALI  RAN1.C Ml PNDMI),PN[)SlG,PNOPrR I
    HATFINI)  - P(RONINFTYP)  • PNOPFR •  OSLC •  FNOHUNI NT ,NDR )
    WT           WT     t   WATF INI I
    SCOLPL  •  SCOLML   «  (ACRf •  COI MLK I Nt T YP )  /  5280.)
?00 RNU  --  RNNH(O)  •  100.
    N 3N  '  I) SI C -  U
    (.1)  1012 71 ,77?, 273, 2 T, I ,M \1V
271 ',ri  101 ^H  1 ,^H/,?H3 I ,N 3N
27? C.(;  Till ?H'.,2HC.,?HM ,N3N
/ 7 3 (,n  IIH2H/t2BH,?H')t ,N1N
2M l,n  IO(2'*0,?'U,217) ,N)N
?B1 CALL  HIST (HI SC12.RND, Y)
    t.r  TO 2
-------
























1,1 III /•)',
29t) f Al 1 ll| ', 1 | HlSf 42,KNTj , Y I
M II 2')->
291 ( Al HI <,| (HI SC 4 l.SNH, Y|
f.f II ?•>',
29? fAl HI', I 1 HI M 44.RNO, Y 1
295 ffil AT . y
Til • IMwT INT ) » HATFZ
II 1 ! 1 T.I T.WATFINT ) ) On Tfl 7Cf)
r,t in 400
700 TTT? * TIT < 1000.
11 1 III2.I F .MAIC INT) > GO TO MO
(.1 Ml '.CO
710 ii iwMNii • IOIWTINTI » WATI;
1 R K 1 I) 1 N 1 I « W A T t /
f.f III 7^0
400 1KKIIJIMI • WATI(NT) - IOTWTINTI
IXIM I - 1.
720 1 I/I M INT 1 « 5.
rntlM' • Itl'KILHNT) • 60.1 / COLRAT
T IM INI I • 1 IMMNI 1 * COLTM/
C (II HK - ( fll HR • rill TM/
Itf IIJHN
f MJ
MBFTC CR>A«

C
C
C





C
C
C
r.












































C






5(JHHI«;IINI fRFATF ( NOH, 1 fJNO 1

f.OMMflN AND DIMhNSlON FOR IIST PROCESSING ROUTINES

C( MM.ON 1 IIIJI, , 1 C AL OR, ICMFCK, 1 CLOCK, 1CORE , IOUMM2 , 1 DUMM4 , 1 FRST2
r Of Ml IN IFR', 14, IFRSTfl, IIJVRHI) , I T I MF 1 , 1 T 1 MF 2 , I T YPF2 , JBUG , JCHE CK
CCMMON MAXCKt,MAXINT,MAXI,IIYPEl
DIPFNSK.'N ICORHIOOO), CUKFI50)
F CUlVAl INff I ICORF ,CCRE 1


COMMON AND DIMENSION FOR SIMULATION

COMMON /nn/ A9.ACRF , AHAI US, ANEI YP.ANOHUN, ANORLJI , ASNUPT ,
1 AASSUN,ASSSIIN.ASSIINK,AX1,AX2,AYI,AY2,R,CCL,CLKTM,
2 CdlFRE.COLHR.Cni ML K , COL I MZ ,COMPAP,CUNA ,CONB ,
3 CflNC ,r.ON(),CONF ,CONF,COSCOl .CORACR ,COSl NO,
4 CRIWTS,CRUS?,CSHRTC,CSTHR,CTS.DAYS,OELr>FP,OMTAVE,
5 [)MTMAX,()HTMIN,f)M 1 S 1 G , nOLCOL , DDL R I G , DOL T ON,
6 OOLTS,OaDPAY,l)ROVHT,DSLC,OW,EVENT,FlNOAY,
7 FLATNO,FLTLTM,FX,FY,HISC 12,HISC13,HISC14,
8 HIS(.22,HISC2),HISC24,HISC32,HISC33,H|SC34,
9 HISr.',?,Hl SC43.HISC44
CnMMUN /HP/ HI bTDI ,HI STU1 ,HI STIJ2.HI STU3,HISTU4,
1 1CIII 1 R, IN, I N(. RMT , IQU, 1 RIINNO, I T IMl , JDW, JTRC,
2 JTRl , JTRPCL , JTRPRG,K,K2,K4,K5,KAPTS,KINTRK,
3 KINTRL,KSIMFS,KTMUP,MAXLO,NA,NAREA,NC,NDA,
4 NRR.NN.NURU I.NOEL T S , NO TRC .NOTRC2 , NO T RK ,
5 NOTKI ,NOVRT 1 ,NOVR T 2 ,NHVR T 3 ,NT ,ONCE,C)PTM,
6 ORHH,IIVPAYL,OVRTM,PAYLBR,PERUN,PNnM.U,PNDSIG,
7 PR HFLT,00, 01, Q2,Q3, 04,05,06, 07, Q8,(J9,ylO,
B C11,QMAX,QO,OUIAVF,QUIMAX,OUIM.IN,OUISIG,
9 OUMMC ,aUlTIM,OUI2,R,RGVMAX,RGVMIN,RIGKA
COMMON /CD/ RI&KB.R 1 GM AX , R I GVF 1 ,RKA,RKAA, RKB , RKBH , RKCC ,
1 ROAUI ', .HMXDSR.RMXDST.RNU.RUNNO.SCOLML.SHWRKT,
? SRIGML , STAT,SIMFSI,STRFML,SUMRUT , SUM IRK,
3 TAREA,THALDS,I|MF,T 1 MEO, TNE T YP, INOHUN,
4 TONAGr,TOICOS,IIJITON,TOIWI,TRC,TRCSIN,TRES,
5 TRFHC.TRFML.IR.CTMZ.TRIP.TRKDAY.TRKLD.TRL,
» IRLHAL.TRPC OL,TRPRIC,TRPTM,TSCOST,TSHR,
7 TSLH('A,TSIM,1X,IY,UNACRF,UTILIY,VELMAX,
B VFLMIN,VELMUR,VHMUT,VELSGR,VELSG T.KATE,
9 WAH ; ,WT , XOAY.YHS
DIMENSION AHALI)SI2'i),ANHYPI25l .ANOHUNI25I ,ANORUT(25),
1 ASNUPT ( ?5I .AASSUNI25I ,AX1 (25) .AX2I25) ,
f AYM25) .AY2I25I, R( 10).Ctl<6).CL)lMLK(*) ,
3 COMACRI4) ,CISI6I ,EVENT(60I ,HISC12(16),
4 HISC13(l6),HISr. 14(161, HI SC22I16I.H ISC 23(16),
5 HISC 241 161 fHISC )2(I6I, HI SC 33(161, HI SC34I16),
6 Hi SC42I 161 . HISC 4)1161, HISC44(16l,HISIUl(l6l,
7 HI SI 111 ( 16) ,111 STU^I 16 1 ,HI STIJ3I 161 , HI SIIK.I 16) .
H UP 1C (60 I ,OVKTMC)0) ,PfRUN(4) ,00(501 ,
9 LIM IMC 1601 ,011121 )OOI ,ROADISI25I,SIAT(90)
UIMINS1I1N IIMII60I ,T(INA(,II6I ,10TWI(50) ,IRC(60) ,IR[P(
-------
                                                                                               35
1(1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1(1 1

102
104


Al 1
1 II
1
A
(
A
IOS If
1 1
1
Ml
t
HI
" '. 1 ', 1
1' 1 M 1 ',
K",
1' ', 1 H I
K 1 M| ',
( 1 1 M
till',
1 / 1 - 1
IM2
Mil

'100
III!
i ') 1
1 1 II
( f IK!
, |n2.
f*i :, 4 ,

.'100,
<< M , M ,
1 IjtJMM
N(J>4 ,
I 2) • 1
HI 1
II K',

104
If K',
4
4, 1 Fk


14 1


1 8 1

ST4 1

300  IFIMIM-2) 600,101,610
10 I  IF I I I I'1, t / |  102 , 102, 103
303 (.All  "I Ml  ST I | DNII, ?, IF RM2)
    (,(  1(1 11)4
* 0 2  I M I I '< '» I 4 1  i 0 S , J 0 S , ) 0 6
306 (Ml  HI Ml  ', I ( [DNII, 4, IF RSI4 I
     IK KM II Ml« 1 I' I DIIMM2
    ( Al L  Ml I  M I II Nljt 2, 2, IFKSI2)
    (,f  1!) 3C4
SOS  IF ( I M'S I H I'lOO  ,'(00,30,
307 f Al 1  Kl Ml  ', I I IDNIJ  H,IFRSIHI
     I ( ( K I I I DNII » 3 I ^ I (J  MM 2
    (All  Ml I  ', I ( ICNn  2, ?, IF RST2 I
     II I KF I I I M:>'I I" I I)  MM4
    (All  Ml I  ', I ( ICNIJ  4,4, IFRf,T4 I
304  If CHI I 1 1  K  OKI II  • 1
70(1  IK KM 4 1  K  IIHI I 41 »NIJM
     I - 111NI! * t,\\M - 1
    i:(l  701 I - IDNII, )
701  If CKF I I t 1 I -- 1
BOO HI TUKN
KM I llf'MAH ///1 X, 1 2HAI  KIIICK * ,lfl,13HANO JCHFCK
   Xl'jHA  IUIKK  111  ', l/r , I B, 1 211 WAS ("RIAIFD/IX,
   Y4IHIIMY IIIIK.KS  llf   SI7F  2,4, (IK  B  AHI  AtlOMtU)
ftOO WKIII  (1(11,601)  If.l DCK, K HK.K.NUM
     If HI CK »2
    f, Al L  PAN K
901 f C'HMAI I III- 12HAI  ir.lOCK  --  ,|H,13HANFJ JCMECK  -  i
   X2')F<  DYNAMIC  SIUI'AGf HAS  fX(.llllFU)
')0(J WHIIf  (Kill,'1011  ICLdCK, JCHEI K
     I C I I C K > 1
    r,r  ID HOO
     EM!
                                                      ,IS/1X,
                                                    I8/
o^ ''i  ( xf
OMIO  < KF
O'>'(0  r«f
O7oo  c«r
0710  CRF
07?0  CHf
0 M 0  C K F
0740  CRF
07->0  CRF
07(»0  CRF
0770  CDF
07HO  CRF
07'JO  CRF
OflOO  CRF
OHIO  CRF
OH70  Ckf
OS)0  CRF
0840  CRT
ORSO  (RF
OB60  CKF
OH70  CRF
OHflO  CRF
OH'(0  CHF
0400  CRF
0910  CRF
O'l/O  CRF
O'(i0  CKF
O'(40  r.Rt
o'CjO  CRT
0960  CPF
()'I70  CKF
09HO  CRE
O'CIO  CRF
1000  CRF
1010  CRE
10^0  CRF
1030  CRF
1040  CRF
10^0  CRE
1060  CRF
lO'O  CKF
10HO  CRE
 SIJHKIIIir INF  RAFMAK

 COMMON  AND  DIMENSION FOR LIST  PROCESSING ROUTINES

 CTJMMIIN  lnur,, ICALOR, ICHFCK, 1C KICK , I CUR E , I OUMM2 , IIJUMM4 , I ERST2
 COMMON  irRST4,lFRSTB,IOVRIIO,ITIMFl,ITIME2,ITYPE2,JBUG,JCHECK
 CflMMIlN  MAX CRF ,MAX INT ,MAXI, ITYPE I
 DIMINSICN ICORIllOOO), CORMSO)
 I CIIIVAI f NCM ICIJRE ,COKF I
 (OMMIIN  AND DIMINSION FOR  SIMULATION
 C(;MM(1N  /HD/ A"), ACRF ,AHAl OS , ANE T Y P , ANUHUN , ANURUT .ASNUPT,
1             AAiSUN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AXl,AX?,AYl,AY2,H,CCL,CLKTM,
i             COI I KF ,C()LHR,C(H MIK ,COL TM,;. ,C[)MPAP,CONA,CONB,
3             r.oNt ,C(iNn?cuNr,(iiNF.cosf OL.CORACR.COSLNO.
4             C.RI Wl S,f,RUS/,CSHKTC,CSIHK,CTS,l)AYS,!)ri()fP,DMTAVE,
•>             (If I MA X, DM1 M IN, DM IS I G, Dill COl , DfX K I f., DfIL TON ,
ft             1)01 I ', ,l)RDPAY,l)KIIVRt ,OSI C.DW.FVFNT ,F [NDAY,
7             Fl ATNII.FL H IM,F X , E V , H I SC 1 ? , HI SCH.H1 SC14,
H             III ', I. ? 2, H I SC 2 ), III V. 14 , H I SC 3 2 , H I SC 3 3 , Fll SC 34 ,
9             HISC4?,HISf43,HISC44
 KIMMIIN  /I)D/ MISID1,H I Still ,HI SMI?,HI SIU3,HI SIU4,
1             I rill TR, IN, INCRM! , IOU, IKUNNU.I TIML.JOW, JTRC,
?             JIKI .JIUPCI , JIUI'fG,K,K?,K41K5,KAPTS,KlNIKK,
3             KINIKl,KSIMFS,K!MOI',M«XH),NA,NAREA,NC,NOA,
4             NIIH,NN,N[)Htn,Nliri I S , NO I HC , NOTRC 1 , NO I RK ,
%             NCIRL ,N()VKI 1 ,NI)VHIP,NOVRT 1, NT, ONCE ,(JPTM,
h             OHHR,nv('AYL,f)VKIM,PAYLBR,PfRim,PNRHu,PNDSIG,
7             PRIiFI 1,00,01 ,U<>,U3,U4,Qr>,06,07,US,09,010,
H             01l,OMAX,OU,OUIAVF,OUIMAX,(JUIMIN,QUISIG,
9             OUIIMC. ,OUITIM,OUT2,K,RGVMAX,Hr,VMIN,RIGKA
 CCfMDN  /I'D/ RIGKH.K IGMAX.R I (, VF L , RK A , RKA A , KKB , RKBB , RKCC ,
1             KOADIS.RHxnSH,RMXOST,RND,KUNNO,SCOLML.SMWRKT,
2             SR|GML,STAT,SIMFST,STRFMl,SUMRUt,SUMTRK,
1             IARFA,VHALnS,FIMr,IIMEa.TNHYP,INOHUN,
4             T()NAr,E,TOTCI.S,Tt!ITON,TOTWT,TRC,TRCSIN,TRES,
•>             TRFHK.THFML, FRF IMZ, TRIP, IRKRAY.TRKLU.TRl,
h             TRLHALiTRPCOl,TRPRIG,TRPTM(TSCIJSTitSMR,
7             TSLHPA,TSTM,TX,TY,UNACRE,UTILTY,VEl.MAX,
H             VCLMIN,UELMUK,VILMLT,VF;LSGR,VELSGT,WATE,
q             WATt?,HT,KOAY.YKS
 I) I PENSION   AHALDS(25),ANEIYPI25),ANOHUN(25),ANORUT(25),
1             ASNUPI(251,AASSUNI?5I,AX1I 251   ,AX2(25I    ,
2             AYH^bl     ,AY2l?">), Bl 101 ,CCL<6) .CULMLKI4I  ,
 3             CORACRI4I  .CISI6I     .rvFUTISOl .HISC12I16I,
4             HlSf 131 1H ,HISC 141 161 ,HI •)( ?2I 161 ,HI SC? )l 161 ,
0010DATM
0020DATH
0030DATM
0040DATM
OOiODATM
00600ATM
00 70DATM
00800ATM
0090DATM
0100IIATM
0110DATM
0120UATM
01 30FIATM
0140DATM
0150DATM
01600ATM
01 700ATM
01HODATM
OI900ATM
0200DATM
02IODATM
0220UATM
02300ATM
0740DATH
0?60DATM
02 700MM
02HOOATM
0290UATM
0300U4TM
03100ATM
0320DATM
0330UAIM
0340DATM
03SODATM
0160DATM
03700ATM
03SOOATM
03900ATM
0400DATM
04100ATM
0420DATM
0430DATM
04400ATM
0450DATM
0460DATM
0470DATM
04SODATM
0490DATM

-------
36





•>
6
7
H
'(








HI S( <"i I 161
HI S(,42( 161
H I S I U 1 I 1 f, I
OPTMI60)
,
t
,
HI Sf. )2 I
HI SC4 31
H 1 S T U 2 (
161
161
161
.rjVKIMI 501
(JUI tM,C(60)
UIMFNSUN




1
2
1
4






T|MF(60I
THKI 1)1 SO I
DAYSI2.31 ,
RKRHI4.2 ),
.CUI2I 300)
,
p
,
,
,
.TONAGM6) ,
t


TIMEUI2, 12)
IFICULFRE

10
1 1

12

13
Of.
Gil
TO 1
TO I
DSLC •
r.r,
TO I
OSLC «
GL
TO 1
osic <=
11
12
4 .
4
3.
4
2.
14 KSTMFS »
.fcU.3.1 GO TO
,11,11,12,12
.12,13,13,13





I SIMFSTMO. )
,
,






INCRMt = (Of LDn>« 10.0)
KTMOP =
TRL (60 1
I TIML (2
RKCC (4

.
,12)
,2)
,
, TNFTYPI50
10
12I.JUW
13),JI'H





+ 0.5
t 0.5




















KSIMTS < (NOTRK'INCRMT I
                                                            HISC 331161,HISL 14116)>
                                                                <.<.( 16) ,HIST01 ( 16) ,
                                                            HISTU3(16).HISTUAI16).
                                                            PEHUNI4)   .QUI50)     ,
                                                            RQADIS(25),STAT(90)
                                                            TOTWUSO) .TRCI60)    .TRIPI90I
                                                            TSrM(1000),WATE(50)  ,
                                                              OUI TTMI50.6) , RKAA(<>,2).
                                                            TARtA(50,3),THALDS(50,3).
                                                             31.  TNOHUNI50.3)
                         DIKFNSUIN LXI
                         CflU RANPFRILXiNOIRKI
                         INT = 0.
                         KKK » KTHOP -  1

                         Or,  30   I « KSTMFS,  KKK
                         INT - INT «  1
                         NT  = LX(INT)
                         JZI/10.0
                         fVENTINTI =  1
                         C«l_t_ CREATEI4, IRNn)
                         ITVPt2-FVENT(NT)
                         ITlMF?=TIMt(NT)
                         ICDRfitIDNO»3)«NT
                         CtLL CAU?t(ITVPF2,tONO,ITIMF2)
                      30 CT.NTINUE
    PRINT 100
    RFTURN
100 FCRMAT  I 1H
    mo
                                     .32HTHE  LAST TRUCK HAS  LEFT  THE YARD)
                                                                      O'JOOOATM
                                                                      05100ATM
                                                                      OS^ODATM
                                                                      05300ATM
                                                                      0540DATH
                                                                      0550DATM
                                                                      0560DATM
                                                                      05/ODATM
                                                                      05BODATM
                                                                      0590DATM
                                                                      06000ATM
                                                                      0610DATM
                                                                      0620DATM
                                                                      06300ATM
                                                                      0640DATM
                                                                      06500ATM
                                                                      0660DATM
                                                                      0670DATM
                                                                      06HODATM
                                                                      06900ATM
                                                                      0700DATM
                                                                      07100ATM
                                                                      0720DATM
                                                                      0730DATM
                                                                      0740DATM
                                                                      0750DATM
                                                                      07600ATM
                                                                      0770DATM
                                                                      0780DATM
                                                                      07900ATM
                                                                      OBOODATH
                                                                      0810DATM
                                                                      OB200ATM
                                                                      OR30r>ATM
                                                                      OS40DATM
                                                                      0850DATM
                                                                      0860DATM
                                                                      0870DATM
                                                                      0880DATM
                                                                      0890DATM
                                                                      0900DATM
                                                                      0910DATM
                                                                      09200ATM
                                                                      09300ATM
                                                                      09400ATM
                                                                      0950DATM
                   *IBFTC C/1SW*
                         SUBROUTINE  OAYSUM
                   c
                   C      COMMON  AND  DIMENSION FOR LIST PROCESSING ROUTINES
                   C
                                 IDUG.ICALDR.IOECKilCLOCK.ICOREi IOUMM2 , I OUMM4 , I FRST2
                         CUMHON  IFRSTA.lFRSTB.inVRHO.ITIMEl, I T I ME 2, I TYPE 2 , JBUG. JCHECK
                         COCf ON  PAXCRF.MAXINT.MAXT.ITYPE1
                         OIMFNSION  ICORE(ICOO), CORH50)
                         ECUIVALENCF(ICORF,CORE)
 COfKON AND DIPbNSIDN  FOR SIMULATION

 COMMON /BO/ A9.ACRE.AM/M OS , ANF T YP , ANOHUN, ANORUT . ASNUPT .
1            AASSUN,ASSSON.ASSUNK,AX1,AX2,AVI,AY2,B,CCL.CLKTM,
             COLFRE.COLHR.COLMLK.COLTMZ.COMPAP.CONA.CONB,
             CONC.COND.CONF.CONF.CaSCOL.CORACR.COSLNDt
             CRtWTS,CRUSZ,CSHRTC,CSTHR,CTS,DAYS.DELDEP,OMTAVE.
             nMTMAX.OMTMIN.OMTSIG.OOLCOL.DOLRlG.OnLTON.
             nOLTS.ORUPAY.DROVRT.OSLC, DM, EVENT, F INDAY,
             FlATNO,FLTLTM.,FX,FY.HISC12,HISC13.HISCl             NOTRL ,NOVRT1,NUVRT2,NOVRT3,NT,ONCE,OPTM,
                        6             ORHR,OVPAYL,OVRTM,PAYLBR,PERUN,PNDMU,PNDSIGt
                        7             PRBFLT,Q0.01.Q2.03,Q05,Q6.07,Q8,09,Q10,
                        8             Ull.OMAX.OO.aUIAVE.OUIMAX.CiUIHINiOUISIG,
                        9             QUITMC,OUITTM,OUT2,R,RGVMAX,RGVMIN,RIGKA
                         COMMON  /BO/  RIGKB,RIGMAX.RIGVEL,RKA,RKAA,RKB,RKBB,RKCC.
                        1             ROAni S.RMXOSRiRMXOST.RND.RUNNO.SCOLMLiSMMRKT,
                        2             SRtGML,STAT,STMFST,STRFML,SUHRUT,SUMTRK,
                        3             TAREA,THALDS,TIME,TIM6Q,TNETYP,TNOHUN,
                        <.             TONAGE,TOTCOS,TOTTON,TOTWT,TRC,TRCSIN,TRES.
                        5             TRFHR.TRFKL.TRFTMZ.TRrp, TRKOAY, TRKLO.TRL,
                        6             TRLHAL.TRPCOL.THPRIG.TRPTM.TSCOST.TSHR,
                        7             TSLnPA.TSTM.TX.TY.UNACRE.UTUTY.VELMAX,
                        8             VELMIN.VFLMOR.VI LMUT , VEl SGR, VEL SOT , HATE ,
                        9             WATFZ.WT.XIIAY.YRS
                                                                         00100ASM
                                                                         0020UASM
                                                                         00300ASM
                                                                         00
-------
                                                                                                      37
                AH A I I)'. I 7 ') I , AM IYI'l7t>),ANI)HUN(7'>>fANUMUTI7'>>i
                A'.MIIM | 7'> I .AAV.IIM 75 ) ,A» I I 7S|    ,AX?(75I     i
                AYII7S)     ,AY7(7'>),  HI 10 I .(.CL I 61 ,C(H Ml K ( <, I   ,
                l.ciPAfUI',1  .CISIfc)     .FVFNU6UI  .IUSC12I16),
                HI SC I  II 1 (.) .
                HIV
                HI S<
                      7lt6l.l
                                 I SC 1 <. I 1 6 I , H I ', f. 7 2 ( 1 6 ) , H I S(. 7 3 (  1 6 ) ,
                                 ISf t?l 161 ,HISC HI 16) ,HISC 34U6),
                              1 M. 'i )( IM ,
                                                I 1 61 ,111 STlll ( 161 ,
                              1 SIII7I 16 I ,HI SIU3I 16) ,HI SUM ( 16 > ,
    IIIPENSII'N
    Ul 171 K', I
 17 ( C,K I I NDI
                   H I ', I U I ( 1 h I , I
                   OIMMI60I   ,

                  I , NOIRK

                 •  Ijl) I I IMI I  ,.K)W I  /  60.
               t  51 ,  Nil IRC 2
             *<. I I I »LI . XQH ) r,(J  10 666
             (CHI1PCI I I  - XOHI  / 60. I  •  1.
       LT. 666
       II- I OUI
       IX Y 7  -
       XY 7 -  I
       X YH =  X
       X Y 9 •-  X
  (166  C.f'M irillt
     /NC1KC  -i  NOIRC
     XY10 -  7NniR(. • 06
     (.ISIIDWI  =  CTSIJDW)  * A9  «  XY9  *  XY10
111  K NAC.I I JOW )  « Ml  /  7000.
     Kl IIIHN
     f M;
0  M

OAHODASH
O^'KJOASM
osnnuASH
0510DASM
OS700ASM
0'> inoASM
    K 1C l!l I Ml .1 U. 3. ) r,n  TO  70
    f.C  11! I t,H,l, H,hH, in, 70, 70 I , JDK
 ft H < RI / S /  - 4 .
    f,l,  10  77
 70 (HIS/  «  ).

 77 l;(l  101 =  1 ,N(1TKK
    (Illinu)  »  C(IIJIIM)  •  I t!>THR>QU!TTMI I, JDWI/60. )  *  DPDPAY  •
   I    PAYI IIH  •  I CRIJS/  -  1 . )
 10 { I M I Nil I

    H lU'l.KJ.O. I  GO  TO  70
    1)1  71  I  =  1,  NII1RK
    ((I I HIM)  «  LCIIJliM)  »(UVHfMII) •  DROVRT)  •  IOVRTMII) •  OVPAYL  •
   I   (CHU5/ -  1.1)
 71 (.UNI INOF
 70 IF I ASSMIN.f 0.0. I GO  ttl  111

    Of.  M3  I  «  51, N(IIRC2
    msiiowt  «  CISIIDW)  »  (optMii) /  60.) •  CSHRIC
i 1  i (,'IM INIlf

    X Y')  -  0
    XIH  =  on  •  '.wo.
o*j f on ASM
0'iHODASM
05'»)IIASM
06000ASM
0610DASH

Of. 10DASM
0 6'' 01J A S M
0 6 l> 01) A *", H
Of.'.OUASM
06 (OI)ASM

0','iODASM

07 lOOA'.M
0770DASM
0 I (OOA'.M
0 740IJASM

07',OOASM
0 770DASM
0 fHOUASM
0790DASM
OHOODASM
OH100ASM
0870DASM
OS iOUASM
OH'iODASM
OH600ASM
OH700ASM
OHHODASM
OH'JODASM
0900DASM
O'HOOASH
0920DASM
0930DASH
09'iODASM
09".OnASM
0960DASM
                                                                                  09HOUASM
                                                                                  09900ASM
                                                                                  10000ASM
                                                                                  1010DASM
                                                                                  1070DASM
                                                                                  10300ASH
nor re  i-f si«
       SCJIiHIIU I I M-
c
C      C(
c
                 OEStRY  (NU^1, IDNII)
     UPfON AND DIHbNSIUN FOR  List PROCESSING  ROUTINES

     tnfwciH HUIC,, ICALUR, ICHtCK., 1CI 0(,K, I CORF., I OUMM2 ,1 UUMM'i, IFRSt 2
     CIlPMUN l(RSI'.,irRST8,10VRH(l,lrlMFl1ITIMF2,IIYPfi2,JBUC,JCHECK
     CncPON CAXCKE. >l>'AXINTlfAxr,ltYPFl
     l)ll»rNSI(,N  ILORFI1000),  CURflSO)
     FL1II VAI [  NU ( IC.ORE.COHr )
     CnfPUN  AM) OICEN510N FUR  SIHULAI10N

     CCCMIIN  /IT/ A9, ACRE ,AHAt 1)5 , ANE I YP , ANOHUN , ANORUt .ASNUPT,
                  COLfRF,COLHR,COLf'LK,COLTMZ,CQMPAP,CUNA,CIINB,
                  CONC .rOND.CONF ,niNF .COSCUL .CDRACR.COSLNO,
                  r.PFWf,,rHIJi/,(. M'RIC.CSTHR.CTS.OAYS.IJEinrP.OMTAVE,
                  OCIMAX.DMtM IN.Iipr SIT,, DOLCIU ,1)01. R 10,1)1) LtON,
                  UOI [•,,l)IIIJPAY,l)«OVRT,[)'JLC,nw,F V! NT.F INDAY,
                  H1SC27,H1S( 7 1,111 ',C7'. ,HISC )7,H1SC t),HI ',C 3H, JIRC ,
                  ltRL,.IIR(>C.L,JTHI'Ur, ,K,K2,K<,,K5,KAPrS,KINrHK,
                  KlNIRL,KSIMI!),KIMni>,HAXLO,NA,NARtAtNC,NDA,
                  NDH.NN.NLIRUt ,NOI l T S , NO f RC , NOTRC2 , NUTRK ,
                  NrtKlIN(IVRtl,NIIVRI2,NnvKf3,Nr,ONCF,riPtM,
00100EST
00200ESI
0030DEST
00"iOOEST
00500FST
0060UEST
00700FSt
OOHOOtSt
                                                                                  OlOODESt
                                                                                  01lOOFSt
                                                                                  0120DEST
                                                                                  0130ntST
                                                                                  Ol'iODESt
                                                                                  OlbODESt
                                                                                  0160DESt
                                                                                  oi/oorsT
                                                                                  01BOOFST
                                                                                  0190l)ESf
                                                                                  0700DEST
                                                                                  OZlODFSt
                                                                                  0720l)FSt
                                                                                  0730»FSf
                                                                                  07700FSI
                                                                                  07HOOEST
                                                                                  07'lOOtST
                                                                                  OMIODFST

-------
38
   6             IJUHR.HVPAYL.IIVK'tM.PAYl M.H , I'E RUN , PNOMU . PNOS I G ,           UMOMI-ST
   I             PRI1II ! ,UO,OI ,07,1)1, (14,05,06, 07,00,09,0101              0320DFST
   H             Ul I .OMAX.CU.UDIAVt , UU I MA X , Qll I M I N , OU I S I G ,                03300FST
   'I             UIII IM'.,UUI MM,OOt2,K,RGVMAX,RGVMIN,RIGKA                03<.OUFST
    MlpmiN  /Ml)/ R| (,KH,H I(,MAX,R IGVF I , RK A , RK AA , RKB , RKHH , RKCC ,            03500FST
   I             RUADI S,R«XUSH,RHXI>ST,RNO,RUNNO,SCOLML,SKWRKT,          03600FST
   2             SRI'. Ml .STAT.Sim SI.STRFML. SIIMRUT , SUMTRK ,                03fOI)FST
   3             IAKFA,IHA1 OS, TIMF, IIHEO.TNETYP, TNOHIJN,                  03BOOFST
   '«             TDNAf.F , KllCriS, TO r ION, Tni HI , TRC , TRCS I N, IRF S,            0390DFST
   5             IRHIR , IRFML , TRFTH/. , TRIP, THKOAY, TRKLO, TRL.              04000EST
   6             IRLHAL. THPCIII.,TRPRir,lTRPTM,rSCGST,TSHR>                 04100EST
   t             I SI I1PA, MTM.IX, lY.UNACRF.UTILTY.VELMAX,                 0470DFST
   «             VH MIN.VFLMUH.VI I MUT.VELSGR.VFLSGT.WATF,                0FST
   9             WAIf ; ,W1 ,XUAY,YKS                                         0 I , ANflHUN I 2 5 I ,ANORUT(Z5),            0<.SOnFSI
   I            A'.NUIT (i"i)  , AASSUN(?5I,AX1I25I    ,AX2(?5)    ,            0460IJFST
   ?            AY1(^5I     .AY?!?1!),  Bl 10) ,CCL (61 ,CnLMlK(<,) ,            OWOOFSI
   ?             I)HA(RI'.|   ,CIS(6I     ,FVENri60> ,HISC12(lfc),            0(.22( 16 I, HISC?1I 16) ,            0,HISC3,            OiOOIIFSf
   h             HS(,'.?( 161  ,IU',C«i( 16l,HISC«                O'j'.ODFST
    IIICFN'.IIIH  1IMM60I   .TDNAf.MM .TllTUnSO) ,TRC(60)    ,TRIP(90I  t OSSOOFST
   I            TRKII;(50)   ,TKL(60)    , I SIMI 1 000 I , MATE I SO I  .              OShODFST
   /            DAYS!?, 3),  IIIMl(?,12l, OH I I I M ( 50 , 6 ) ,  RKAA(<1,<>I,        0")fOOFSr
   1            KKHHK,,?),    RKCCI<.,2),IAHi:AI50, 3 ) , TIIALDS I 50, 3 ) ,         O^flfJDFST
   '•            MMFUI?,!?),  INFIYPI 50, 3) ,  TNOHUNI50.3)                  OI'yODtSI

    1 1; -I UNO
    IMNIIM-H) I00,?00,600
200 TALL  f II F',1 I ID.fi, IFRSI8I
    '.H  HI SCO
100 1FIMIM-4I (00,101,600
inl |M ]( f)HI | lU»M-lniJPP4) 102,105, 102
102 IF ( ICI1RH IU-3)~H)UKM<,  I 103, 104, 103
10) fAll  F II F SH ID, 4, |F«W ll; = ll)-
-------
39













































c
c
c





c
c
c








c
c
c




II

c
c
c





c
c
(.
c





f.f'MMDN / h|)/ A') t Al Ht , AHAI IJ S , ANf 1 YP , ANUHVJT4 , AN1JHD1 , ASUUIM ,
1 AASSIIN, ASSSUN.ASSUNK ,AX1,AX?,AY1,AY2,B,CCI , CLKTM,
? Gill 1 KF.CM1 HH.UllMl K,CrilIH/,COMPAP,CuN».r.l)NH.
1 CfJNI. ,( UNII.C I.NI ,(.IINf , COSCCIL ,'.(IRAf. R.CUSI Nl),
* (RtHlS,(«US/,CSHKTC,CSTHR,CTS,OAYS,OELOFP,OMTAVF,
•> DM I MAX, DM TM IN.DMISIG , DOLCHL , DDL R 10,001 TON,
6 mil IS.OKUPAY.IJROVRT.DSI CiDW, EVENT, FIND AY,
1 FLAINri,fLTI IM,F X.FY.HI SC12.HI SCI ),HI SCI*,
H HISf 72.HI ST. ? >.HISC?*.HISr 3 2, H ISC 3 3, H ISC 14,
9 H1SC*2,HI SC*3."I SC**
rr'PMON /HI)/ HISIDl.HI SIU1 ,H1STU2,H1S1U3,H1 SIU*,
1 1C HI FR, IN, INCRM1.IUU, IRUNN.0,1 TIML, JOW, JTRC,
2 JTRI .JTRPCI , JIRPRG.K , K2 ,K* ,K5 , KAPT S ,KI NTRK ,
( KINTRI,KSTMFS.KIMnP,MAX10,NA,NAREA,NC,NOA,
* NOR.NN.NnRUI.NOf L1S,NUTRC,NOTRC2,NOTRK,
5 MflTRL ,NHVRr UNIIVR T2,NOVRT 3,NT,ONCF,OPTM,
ft ORHR.uVPAYL.nVRTM.PAYLBR.Pf RUN , PNOMU , PNDS 1 G ,
I PRflll rlQOlUll()?lU1,Q*,0^,Q6,U7.U8,gq,010,
H U11,UMAX,UU,UUIAVF,OUIMAX,QUIMIN>UU1SIO ,
') QU1IMC ,QUI F fM,(JUtP,R,RGVMAX,RGVMIN,Rir,KA
(.flKMUN /III)/ Kir,KH,RlGMAX,RIGVEl ,RKA,RKAA,RKU,RKBH,RKf.C,
1 RdAUl S,RMXUSH,Kr«XDSt ,RN[), RUNNO, SCOLML , SHWRK T ,
2 SRlr,ML,STAT,STM(ST,StRFHL,SUHRUT,SUMTRK,
3 TAKTA, THAI DS, TIMI, TIPFO. TNI- TYP , INOHUN ,
". mNAf, E, TOTC HS.tCII TON, InTWT, IRC, THCSIN.TRES,
S IHFHP,TRFML.IRF1)*;,TRIP.1RKUAY.THKLD.TRL,
h TRLHAL.IRPCOLtTRI'RlGiTRPTMiTSCOSTiTSHR,
f JSlHPA,!STM,fX,TY,UNACRF,UULTY,VELMAX,
H VFLMIN.VbLMUR.VriMUI.VFlSGR.VFl SOT, MATE,
1 WAIT / ,HI ,XI)AY, YMS
IllPf NS KIN AHAll)S(Z''>,ANFTYPIZ5) , ANQHUNI 251 ,ANORUTI?5)
1 ASNUl'T 1 2"il,AASSUN(25l,AXl 125) ,AX2(?5)
2 AYll2-il ,AY2(25I, fl 1 101 ,CCl 1 6) ,COLHLKI* 1
3 CORACRIAI ,CTSI6I ,FVFNri60) .HISC12I16)
t> HISCMII6I, HI SC1*I16I,H1SC 221161, HI SC 23116)
•> HISC2AI16),HISC 321 16) ,HI SC 33(16),HISC3*(16I
6 HISC*2ll6)>HISC*3ll6),HISC**ll6),HISTnlll6)
7 HlrilUI(lt),HISTU2(16l,HISTU3(16).HISTU*ll6)
H HPTMI60I ,()VRTHI50I .PERUNI*) ,00150)
'1 UUITMC l60l,OUr2(300l,ROADIS(25),STATI90)
OlfFNSIIN TIMH60I ,T()NAGtl6l .TOTWTI50) .TRCI60) .TRIPI90) ,
1 IRKIDI50I .TRLI60I , T STMI 1000) , KATE I 50 ) ,
? OAYSI2.3), ITIMLI2, 12) , UHITTM(50,6I , RKAAI*,2),
3 HKBBI*.?), RKCCC.,2I,TARFAI50,3I,THALDS(50,3) ,
« HMFt)(2,12). INF IYP 150. 3) , TNOHUN150.3)

1)11 ONI: TIME INITIALIZATION AND PRINT TABLES ONE » TWO

CM L RUNUAT
C 4LL /CRINT
CALL TAtH 1
CAIL TAH12
CALL TBLPRN

00 IllE SIMULATION FOR SIX DAYS 	

ur 28 I = 1,6
JCH * I
CM I XINIT
CML IK 111
CALL OATCAK
CALL T 1 V f R
CAIL DAYSIJM
2H COM INUE

SUf^ARI?fc FOR THE HFIK AND PRINT THE FINAL SUMMARY OF ANALYSES

CAIL WEtKSM
CAIL FNLPRN
KtTIIKN
END
BFIC CSPSL'
MJHRIIIJTINt- OISPSLUDNO)

COCMUN AND OIChNSION FOR LIST PRCCESSING ROUTINES

COPMIJN [DUG, ICAIUR, I CHECK, 1 CLOCK, 1C ORE, IOUMM2, IUUMM*, 1FRST2
CCVMUN IFRSt'i,IFRSI8,IOVRHn,ITIMEl,ITIME2, I TYPE 2 , JBUG , JCHECK
(0PM UN PAXCKL,MAXINT,MAXF,|IYPE1
DIKFNSIUN ICOREIIOOOI, CIJRFI50)
FCUIVALFNCFIICOHE.CORF)


C.flfMIN AND UIWENSION FOR SIMULATION

CDfMIIN /HU/ A1, ACRE ,AHAI OS, ANF T YP , ANDHUN , ANORUT .ASNUPT,
1 AASSUN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AX1, AX2.AY1 ,AY2,B,CCL,CLKTM,
? CfJl FRF .CHLHK.r.HLMLK.COLTMZ.COMPAP.CUNA.CnNB,
) CONC ,COM),CliNF .CONF.CDSCHL ,CORACR,CUSLNO,
<, (RFKTS,CRUS/,rsHHTC,CSTHR,CIS.OAYS,r)MI)FP,OMTAVE,
OlSd OKI
0160 ORI
0 1 10 OR I
01BO DRI
0190 DRI
0200 DRI
0210 ORI
0220 ORI
0210 ORI
02*0 DRI
0250 ORI
0260 DRI
0270 DRI
02HO ORI
O2')0 DRI
0300 ORI
0310 ORI
0320 DRI
0330 DRI
0)40 ORI
0350 DRI
0360 OH I
0370 ORI
03HO ORI
03^0 ORI
0*00 DRI
0*10 DRI
0*20 DRI
0*30 ORI
0**0 DRI
0*50 DRI
0*60 DRI
0*70 DRI
0*80 DRI
0*90 DRI
0500 DHI
0510 DRI
0520 URI
0530 DRI
05*0 DRI
0550 DRI
0560 DRI
0570 DRI
05BO ORI
0590 ORI
0600 ORI
0610 DRI
0620 DRI
0630 DRI
06*0 DRI
0650 DRI
0660 ORI
0670 ORI
0680 DRI
0690 ORI
0700 DRI
0710 DRI
0720 DRI
0730 DRI
07*0 ORI
0750 DRI
0760 DRI
0770 DRI
0780 ORI
0790 ORI
0800 ORI
0810 DRI
0820 ORI
0830 DRI
08*0 ORI
0850 DRI
0010 DSP
0020 DSP
0030 DSP
00*0 OSP
0050 OSP
0060 DSP
0070 DSP
0080 DSP
0090 DSP
0100 DSP
0110 DSP
0120 DSP
0130 DSP
01*0 DSP
0150 DSP
0160 DSP
0170 DSP
0180 DSP
0190 OSP

-------
    I (IPMI1N  /III)/
             UM1 MAX, I.MIM IN, DM I Sid, Dill COt .OOLH I (, ,()UL ION,
             11(11 I ', .III'IJI'AY.IIRIIVW I .DSIC. ,I)W,F. Vf N! ,F INDAY,
             F I AI'll], Fl Fl IM,F r ,F Y , HI SC 12. HI SC 1 ),HI SC 1 4 ,
             HIM 2 2,1'ISC 2 ),HI sr.24,HISC t2,HI SC )3,Hl SC34.
             HI S( 4 2, I'I St. 4 i,HI 'j< 44
             HI s 111 I ,l'l S Fill ,HI SFU2.HI SIU),HI STU4,
             I (.III I H, IN, INCHM! , IUU, IRONNO.I TIML.JOH.JTRC,
             JIRI , IIKPCI , JIH P R G,K,K?,K4,K5,KAPTS,KINTRK,
             KIN 111 I  , 1C, IMF S,K!POP,PAXLO.NA,NARfA,NC.NOA,
             NI)H,NN,NURUF.NnllIS,NOIRC,NOTRC2,NOTF»K,
             NOIKI ,NIIVR F 1,NOVRT2,NOVRI3,NT , ONCE ,OPTM,
             IJRHH, UVPAYI ,(IVR IH.PAVLIIH , PE RUN , PNDMU , PNfJS I G .
             PR HI I 1,111, 01,02,03,04,05,06,07.08,09,010,
             011,OMAX,UO.OUIAVEiliUlMAX,OUIMIN,OUISIG.
             Ulll IMC ,1.01 IFM,OUI2,R,RGVMAX,RGVMIN,Rlf,KA
( OK Ml IN  /IM)/  RI(,KII,KIGMAX,R|(,VEL,RKA,RKAA,HKK,RKBH.RKCC,
             HIIAIJl S.RMXOSK.RMXDST .RNO.RUNNO, SCOLMl .SMWRKT,
             Snn,Ml,STA\,STMF',TfSTRFML,SUMRUI,SUMTRK,
             lAHIA.riiALUS.TIMf.FIMEO.TNFTYP, FNOHUN,
    DIPf N1KIN
    I) I fl NS II N
             IHFHF(,IRFML,THFIM/,FRIP,IHKDAY,TRKLD,TRL,
             FRLHAl , TRPCUL.TRI'RIG.TRPTM.ISCFJSI, ESHR,
             ISUiPA.ISIM.IX.IY.UNACRE.UTILTY.VELMAX,
             VELMIN,VEIMOR,VFIMUT,VEISGR,VELSGT,WATE,
             WAII/,HF,XOAY,YRS
            AHALUSI21>I,ANETYCI25I .ANOHUNI 25).ANORIiT(25),
            ASNUI-TI25I , AASSUNI 251 ,AX1 1251    ,AX2(25)    ,
            AY1I25I    .AY2I25I, BI 101,CClI 6),CUlMLK(4 I ,
            CURACRI4)  ,CTS(6)     .EVENTI60I  .H1SC12I16I,
            HISC13(16l,HISCI
            IHKLUI51)  .TRLIAOI    .TSTMI1000),MATE I 50) ,
            I1AYSI2.3),  IIIMLI2.12).  OUITTMI50,6),  RKAA(4,2I,
            RKHIII4.2),   RKCC(4,2),TAREA(50,3I,THALDS(50,3),
            IIMFOI2.12I.  INF  FYPI50,3),  INOHUNI50.3I

                        OTIMFI2),N1NO(2I
291
 tl
IF II.H.F 0. I . I  GU Id  1
llh  1 .
tF IPI I 1 I=0.
Cl IMI I 2)  0.
NINOI1)-0
N I N 0 I 2 I - 0
K 2 H I G = 0

F  I N I) A Y = 0 .
lir M  -  0
IF I ASSSI'N.Nf .?. I GO  TO 906
IF I I FYPf 1.F0.5) GO  TU  30
RNO  =  HNMUO) • 100.
(ALL  HIS!(HISTUltRND.Y)
DKPIM7  -  Y

lid  29  1=1,2
i  r, = i
IF (NINO! I I.fO.OI GO  TO 36
fINFINUI

IF (NINUI 1 ) -LF.N1NO(2 I I I0«1
(  I M INUE
I'MNOIl l!)*l
11 I I. r, i . i i I  | . 12
xic  =  111 MI i-ir i MI do, i i
i IKI on r, i i-TiMFOiin, i) «xic
IT Ifl II II, I I •>! I IMH
I I (Ml II F), I » 1 |. I I IME 1
Ml NCI I II I -NIM_( 10)  >  1
II (NINC II I) I .GI.MAXIOI  MAXI O'NINOILDI
01 IMF II I: I-LI m II 0) illMIMM/
MCI (N! I -CI IMI I t I) I
IVFNI(Nl]"S.
 fAII
 1 1 (,CI
 I (. ( R I
 If CHI
  ( I HI
 (,T  IU
 K NO )
           HI A IF I «, IIINini
           I (. Nil* / I « I (JI40 1
           I 1 1 N I  1*1) LI)
           I I.M, )«2) = I ! IMF 1
           I I, Ml H)| 3|)MPTH2
           ICC?
           ICdKFI IHNO'2)
    Ll: = l(.ORE I I UNO 3 » 1 I
     ITPINMU/REI IDNtm?)
    RPPTWZ- CORE! IUN03+3I
    CALL  OtSIHYIA. IDNQ3I
     i«MNCI II l»l
     I F I I . G T . I 1 )  I * 1 2
    OTf' IT IMF 1- I TMN
    CFt-'UFM-l MPIMZ
    TlftLlLL ,l) = !lf«FO(LD,|)tF'. OATI1
                                      TIME1-ITIMLILO,I I I
o <• o (i o s p
0210 DSP
0220 DSP
0230 DSP
0240 DSP
O2')0 OSP
0260 DSP
02TO OSP
02BO OSP
0290 DSP
0300 DSP
0(10 OSP
0)20 DSP
0)30 DSP
0)<-0 DSP
0350 DSP
03ftO OSP
0370 OSP
OiHO OSP
0390 DSP
0400 DSP
0410 DSP
0420 DSP
0430 DSP
0440 DSP
0450 DSP
0460 DSP
0470 OSP
04flO OSP
0490 OSP
0500 DSP
0510 OSP
0520 DSP
0530 DSP
0540 DSP
0550 OSP
0560 OSP
0570 DSP
05HO DSP
0590 DSP
0600 OSP
0610 OSP
0620 DSP
0630 DSP
0640 DSP
0650 DSP
0660 OSP
0670 OSP
0680 DSP
0690 DSP
0700 DSP
0710 OSP
0720 DSP
0730 DSP
0740 OSP
0750 DSP
0760 OSP
0770 DSP
0780 DSP
0790 DSP
0800 OSP
0810 OSP
0820 DSP
0830 DSP
0840 DSP
0850 DSP
0860 DSP
0870 DSP
0880 OSP
0890 OSP
0900 DSP
0910 OSP
0920 DSP
0930 DSP
0940 DSP
0950 OSP
0960 DSP
0970 OSP
09HO OSP
0990 DSP
1000 DSP
1010 OSP
1020 DSP
10)0 DSP
1040 OSP
1050 DSP
1060 OSP
1070 OSP
1080 DSP
1090 DSP
1100 OSP
1110 OSP
1120 OSP

-------
     Ml N'_ I M, I  M Mjl I I I  I
     I I I fl I I  I , 1 I  I T I'M  1
     I ! l"l II  I , I  I )• I I IMf I
     1,1  III 1/7
     (.! Iff (I  I I  I T [HI 1
     I.I  II! /"I I
     I SCK •   I'.HP  •  (If-PIW;  > UIM
     Tm'Ull   -  IRPf ()L  •  I .
     K,-  • K?  •  1
     ir, i *i K? i  »  I;MP (*/  •  UTM
     f t K I P    I I M F ( N 1 I
     I f i AV.MIN.I . I  r,n  rn 905
     I w I'I III     I P I'LIM  *  1 .
     c ;•  = K ^  >  i
     I'M,  • HM «l 0 )  •  100.
     (All I'l S I I M I ST(> I ,«NHt V)
     T S H R *  I M < R «
     1SIMK.II    CMPIH7
     Cl K IM  =  I If! INT 1  »  DMPTMZ
90S  I f I I.UI N! I .1 U. I . I  GO TO  17
     F V [ N ! I N I I  --- 1 .
     t I K [ t N M  *  CIKTM
     (,l  III  44
  );  ci, t MCI N! ,  JUKI  *  r t KTC,
     K U H K - 0
     II I I 1 K I F .11 .4 HO. )  CD 11) HO
     I)VRI^/.  '  (IlKTM  -  4fiO.)/60.
     111V H I M  -  I ] V R T M Z
     III VK I M  -  II,VRTM
     M d.VRTC/.l F .IMWR.TMI GO HI  401
405  OVU I MN I I   = JI1VRTM « I
     f,(  III  40'J
401  HVRIfINI I   - JOVRTC
409  IMP *  IVRTCINII
     II I JKI P .(,T  . ? I GOT (I 7 9
     r,l   Illl ( 7. 7H) , JKl M
  7 7  Nf VR I I  '  NIIVHT 1  •  1
     f,l   III  44
  7H  NI VR I ?  ~-  NIIVRT?  >  1
     l,f  11144
  79  NI VRT 1  -  NIIVHT 1  »  I
     Gl  TO  44
  flO  IJRIM "  (4HO.  -  CLKTO/2.
     ORHR =  DKHH » OMTM
  44  RIGIlin --  KIGICIJ  *  TRKLDINT)
     If IK IGLIiU.l T .R 1GMAX 1 GO  10  999
     M I f, I I) I > - 0

     1,1   22? I  >=  71,90
     IF  ISTAIIl).EU.ll.) GO  TO  241
 222  r CM INUt

     MR I Tl I ir.U,  10)
 241  JTRI  = I
     S,T A I I IT V L I  -  1 2

     1)11  Mil  I  >  71,90
     If (STAII I I.EU.10. I GO  TO  24 7
 )01  rrM INUt

     WR I II I III],  10 )
  10  (DRMAII 1C-,34HIMPOSSIBLE  THAILEH  STATUS  IN  DSPSL   I
 ?4 !  STATI I )  =  13
     111)  121  I  *•  51.NIIIRC2
     I I I', I Al I | |  .1 0.8. I  GO TO 909
 12 I  H'NI INIII
     Gli  Tfj  999
 '>H9  TUT I J I - J
     IRl I I I«J1RL
     S I A I I J I  .  9
     STATI ITRl |  i  11

 999  IfIK2R1G.EO.O.*ND.K3TRK.EO.CI GO  TO 1000
     IF IK 1TRK.rQ.Ol  GO TO 1001
     If(K?RIG.FO.O)  GO TO 1002
     CALL  CKFATEI4, IDNO?I
     MYI'E? • FVENTINTI  « .5
     IT ICF? = TIMHNT) * .5
     If!RE(1HNT? » 31 i  NT
     CALL  CAUSE  I ITYPE2,IDN02,ITI ME 2 I
     GC  TO  1001
1000  FINL)AY = 99.
     GC  Til  ICO?
1001  NT =J
     IVENTINT1=7
     T I M INI I -(IKIM»5.
100?  Rf I URN
     I UK
1 1 10 DSC
1140 DSP
1 1 S 0 0 S P
ll/>r> DSP
1170 DSP
11BO OSP
I l'»0 DSP
1?00 OSP
1?10 OSP
12?0 DSP
1?30 DSP
12 0 DSP
l?/jO OSP
1270 DSP
1? H 0 DSP
l?r<0 DSP
1 )00 DSP
1110 DSP
11?0 DSP
1 )10 USP
11<.0 DSP
1 ISO DSP
1thO DSP
1170 DSP
11HO DSP
li'in DSP
1400 DSP
l<.in DSP
14?0 DSP
1<,10 DSP
1<,<.0 DSP
lA'iO DSP
1460 DSP
14^0 OSP
14HO DSP
1490 OSP
1500 DSP
1510 DSP
1520 USP
15)0 DSP
1540 DSP
1500 DSP
1560 f)SP
1570 OSP
15HO DSP
1590 DSP
1600 OSP
1610 OSP
1620 DSP
1610 DSP
1640 DSP
1650 DSP
1660 DSP
1670 DSP
16HO OSP
1690 DSP
1700 DSP
1710 DSP
1720 OSP
1710 OSP
1740 DSP
1750 DSP
1 7/,0 DSP
1770 OSP
17HO DSP
1790 DSP
IflOO DSP
1B10 DSP
1R?0 DSP
1810 OSP
1840 DSP
1850 OSP
18ISO OSP
1B70 OSP
IHHO OSP
1S90 DSP
1900 DSP
1910 DSP
1920 DSP
1910 DSP
1940 OSP
1950 DSP
1960 OSP
1970 DSP
19HO DSP
1990 DSP
2000 DSP
2010 OSP

-------
       FILF-
      StlimiJlIF IM
                      ', ( I I I; NO, I (', l( MM
      ( Off UN AND  OICFNSKIN FOH  I I SI  PHfjCtSSING  ROUTINES

      f( CHUN I HIK,, ICAI I)K, 1C HFfK, |CI (!CK , ICURE, 10UMM2 , I OUCM4 , I F R S I 2
      niCMllN IIKSU.IIHSIH, IflVKIIU, ITICM,IT[MF2,IIYPE2,JBUr,,JCHFCK
      C f 1C CON KAXCHi ,HA(INI,MAxf,l|YPf 1
      DIKfNSII'N  ICOKF I 1000) , UJHFISO)
      I cui VAI IN( F i irum ,r.f;«F I
      ( (IPPON AND  DlfFNSION FnK  1IMHAFION

      ( <;PHON /III)/  A<), A< Rf ,AHA( IJS.ANF T Y P , ANOMUN , ANORU F , ASNUPT ,
     I              AAS',IINIASS'>UNtAVjUNK,AX|,AX?,AYl,AY2,B,CtL,CLKTN.I
     2              COL MF ,( 111 HK ,C(>1 Ml K ,COL T M7 , C OMP AP , C(IN A , CUNB ,
     i              r.(jNf ,n,M),(.uNi .rMNF.rnscoL.coHAf.R.cusi NO,
     4              fnitvi1, ,r«m/.r vwrc , <. snm,crs,DAYs,r)FL(jEp,o«rAVE,
     5              Uf IMAX.OMFMN.DMISIG.OOLCUL.OOLR 1C, DHL TON,
     6              l)(ll TS ,I)K(>PAV,IJKOVR I , I; S Lf. , D W , E VFNF ,F 1NOAY,
     7              HA1Nn,riTLIM,hx,fY,HI<,C12,HISr. MiHISCH,
     n              H isc??, cisc ? i. HI •>(.?'., HI sr. 12, HI sr. n, HI sc3<. .
     <)              HI r>C«?,H| SC<,lrHI SC«A
      CIJfMllN /MO/  HISInl.lllSIDl.HI <,TU2,mstlJ3,HI STUN()VKr2lNnvRr3lNT,()NCE|[)PTMl
     h              IIRHM.OVPAVL ,(IVR Tf.PAVl BR.PEKUN.PNDMU.PNDSIGt
     1              PRIIII r.UO.alfU?.01,04.05.U6.07fUH,a9i010i
     H              Ull.uMAX.CU.UDIAVF.IJUIHAX.UUlHlN.QUISICi
     'I              Oil I I MC.OU I T IM,OIJT?,KtRGVMAX,RGVMIN,Rlr,KA
      CCCMDM /HI)/  K ir.KR.R IGMAX.R l(,Vf I , R K A , RK A A , RK II . RKBB , RKCC .
     I              «f)A[)| S.RMXUSK.RfXOSI , RNO.HUNNC), SCOLHL , SMMRKT,
     ?              SRI(,ML,SIAI,S[MI',r,StRFML,SUMRUr,SUMtRK,
     1             r/UfA,THALI>S,tlMI,T I MFO , TNf T YP , TNOHUN,
     4              rriNAni , rorr.uSi rui lUNtiorwi, TRC,TncsiN,TRiSt
     •>             IRrHH.TKFML.IKFTMZ.FRIP.IRKnAY.THKLO.TRLr
     6              IRLHAL.IHPCIJL.FKPHIG.rRPTM.TSCOST.TSHR,
     f              FMMPA,ISrMtrX,FY,UNACRt,UFILTY,VFl.MAX,
  IKFNSK.N
                   HATF/ ,Mt , XOAY, YRS
                  AHALIJSI25I , ANF F YP I 2 5 ) , ANOHUN ( Z5 ) ,ANURUn?5) ,
                  A',NUPF(;>S),AASSUN(25I,AXII25I    ,AX2(25)    ,
                  AYK?1;!   ,AY2I?5), B( 16) ,CCL ( 6 ) , COLMLKI « I  .
                  (.ORACH (<, ) ,CI5(6)    ,EVFNri60l ,HISC12(16)(
                  H|5CMI16).HISC1',I16),HISC22(16),HISC23(161,
                  HISC2<.IUI,HISC32(l6),Hlsr, 33(16), HI SC14I16I,
  202
  201
7            HISFU 1(16), HISTU2(16I>HISTU3I16I
6            OPFMI60)   .OVRFHI50) .PFRUNC.)   ,00(50)
t             OUI T MCI 60 I ,UUI2( 100) .RDAOISI25) .STATI90)
 FJIPENSION   riMEIbO)   ,FONAGF(6I ,TnTMT(50)  ,FRC(60)
1            TRKLDIHOI  .TRLI60I   , T SFM I 1000 I , WA IE I 50 1  ,
7            UAYS(2,3),  IFIMLI2,!?),  01)1 T TM( 50.6 I ,  RKAA(*,2>
 )            RKBII«i,2),   KKCC(
-------
      i I NKUN AM  I i I Ht V, I m, I ()*'  '• I P »\ A 1 S MM
              /I'I1/  A'), A( HI , A MAI I!', , AM I Y P , AMI 1IIUN , ANdklJ T , A SNUP T ,
     1               AASMIN, A1. SSUN.AS SUNK, AX 1.AX2, AY I,AY2, I! , U L.CLKIH,
     i               ( III I  m ,1 (II  Mil ,( 1)1  f | K ,( (II Th-/ ,(  OKPAP,(.ONA,rnNFI,
     i               I (  N(  , f I'NII.r I Nl ,(  (iNf ,( 1IS( I'l ,(  OR AC R,( (ISlNf),
     *               (PIWIS,rillJS^,(SII'F(,fSTHH,CIS,UAYS,l»lDFP,D*TAVF,
     5               I If If A» ,1 HIM IN, I If IS 1C, ,1)01 ( (II ,1)01 V I (,,!)(II TON,
     ft               I dl I S . OKI) PAY, Ok (IV R I , l)Sl (. , I)W,I VI NT ,F IMJAY,
     7               I I  A 1NO, F I FL IM,F X ,F Y,HI SC 1 2.HI SC M,Hl SCI*,
     H               HI ',(  22 ,H1 SC 2 3, HI ',f 2*, HI SC 32 ,HI SC U, HI SCI*,
     9               IM SI  *2,HI SC'i i,H I '.( **
      ( (If PON /MO/  H I', I I) I . H I S F I) 1 , H I S 102 , H I S Ft) i ,H I S I O* ,
     1               l(  (Jl  I U, IN, IN( PH I , I (HJ, I « ON NO, I T I Ml , JUW, JtRC ,
     /               IF PI  , lIRPr I , JlPPIir, ,K ,K2,K*,K5,KAPIS,K INlRK,
     t               K IN I HI ,K<, If I S,K IMDP.fAXI Q,NA,NAPFA,NC ,Nl)A,
     'i               NI,R ,MN,NOIUH ,NOI  I f S , NO I RC , Nl) T RC 2 , NO TRK ,
     ',               NMP.I ,NOVR I 1 ,UOVH I2.NOVH I  3,NT ,IIN( F ,01'FH,
     6               1 in Mil, IIV I1 A Yl. , IIVK IH.PAYl IUI ,P( R ON , PNOMU , PNOS I 0 ,
     7               PCHII I ,1.11,0 I ,02,0  t,U'',05,U6,U 7,UH,09,010,
     l|               (j|l,(jMAX,U(J,binAVIlUljlMAX.UI)lHIN,UUlSlC>
     9               UIJI I HI. .LI) I I I M, (JO I 2, H ,RGVMAX,II(,VMI N,R K,KA
      1 I  fPII'1 /!'(./  H I(,KH,H I(,f AX,P U, VF I ,kKA,kKAA,KKlt,KK»H,RKCC,
                    ',« I I, Ml , ', I A 1 ,SIf I SI ,STHI Ml , SDK RUT , SUM! UK ,
                    lAUIA.THAlOS.tlfl.TIftUiTNfTVP, TNdMUN,
                    |r NA(, 1^ , KITf IIS, IDMUNi lOTHf i TRC , T HC S I N, I Rf S ,
                    IPIIM',rPIML,ll'IN,VllMllKtV[LHUt,VFl'.r,R,VtLS(.tIWATE-I
                    WATIf.WT.XDAY.YKS
IllfFNSION
                   ASNUI'M fi I , AASSUNI ?SI , AX1 ( ?5)    ,AX2I?S)    ,
                   AYH^'J)    ,AY<>(2'j), HI 101 ,CCL(6I ,C(ILMIK(*I  ,
                   (IIRA(RCi)  .CISI6I      ,FVE-NT((>0)  , H I SC 1 2 ( 1 6 I ,
                   II1SC1 31 16) ,MIS(, 1A( 161 ,HI SC22I 161 ,HI SC2K 16) ,
                   IIISC2'. ( 161 ,MIS( 121 IM ,HISC )3( 16) ,111 SC >*( 16) ,
                   HI Sf W I 16) ,HI SI" '. )l 16 ) ,HI SC'tAI 16) ,HI SfUl ( 161 .
                   IUS1I)1(16I,H[S!U?(16),HISTU3I16),HISTUA(16),
                   IIPTMir.O)   ,flVKIf(SO)  .PhmiNC.)   ,00(^01     ,
                    OUIIMC(60ltUUT?(300),ROADIS(?5),irAT(90l
                   TIMM60I   ,niNA(,M6)  .TOTWTCiO)  ,TRt(60l    .TRIPI90I
                   rRKlblSOl  .TRIUiOl     , I STMI 1000  I ,HATC (50)  ,
                   UAYSI2,!),  IUMI .  UUI TTHI50,6) , RKAA(*,?I,
                   RKRHI't,?),   RKrr. 1*4, ? ) ,TARF A{ 50,  3) , TMALOSI SO, 31 ,
                             12l. INh 1 YP( 50, 31 ,  TNOHUN(50,3)
  ?0?
  201
I fill  1 1,1 I  F K I 11 Nl.)
< Al 1  UM'ATKt 1PWN, IF IRS! .I.ASI I
IMl A',1 )  ?00,?00,?OI
< Al 1  PA( K( II;HN, IONU, ION!))
IX <- I [INI,, IP
I f ( II I I  I X X I  0
PI IIJHN
i x x -• i u N r, » i p
(All  PA( K( I (,I)RF (  IXX
IT X = L AS I « IP
(All  UN I1 A( K ( ICOPF ( I XX
1 X X • ( A S I t I P
(.All  I'A( K( |(.(IRF I  IXX
(ill  PA(.KI II WN, If LRST , 1 [INO )
(,(  10 202
I NF,
                                  ),IAST,0)
                                  I.JP.IIJNO)
01 ill  ( I
0 I ^ 0  F L
0150  FI
0160  Fl
01 111  F L
OIHO  FL
Ol'iO  FL
0200  F L
0210  FL
0220  FL
0230  fL
02<-0  Fl
0250  H
0260  FL
02rn  FL
02HO  F I.
02'IO  Fl
0300  FL
0310  Fl
03JO  Fl
0330  M
03<,0  FL
0350  Fl
0 )60  fI
0370  FL
03HO  Fl
0310  FL
0520  FL
0530  Fl
05*0  FL
0550  FL
0560  FL
0570  FL
0580  FL
0590  FL
0600  FL
0610  FL
0620  Fl
0630  FL
06*0  FL
0650  FL
0660  FL
0670  FL
0680  FL
0690  FL
0700  FL
0710  Fl
0720  FL
07(0  FL
07*0  FL
0750  FL
0760  FL
t IBF 1C  F II K"
       SUFIROUF INF  I 1LRNKI I UNO, IHANK, IP, ICWN)
       <.I;PPIIN AND  niprNSirjN FOK  LISF  PROCESSING RouriNts

       IdCfllN I mil., 1C At OR, I (. HFCK,H.LOCK,ICORE,IOLIHM2, IDUMM*. IFRST2
       ( Off I IN II H', I',, IFRSTfl, invRHO, I TIME 1, ITIMF2, I FYPE2.JBIIG, JtHECK
       (liffdN fAK(HI,MAX[NF,HAX!,lIYPf-l
       I.IPINS1IIN  KIWI  (10001. UIRI(SO)
       I LUI VA1 FN( I (ICDRl-.CnRE)
       (.( PKIN AM  (UPtNSinN FOR  SIfULAItON
       COKKUN /HI)/
              A9, ACRE , AHALDS.ANE TY
              AASSUN.ASSSUN.ASSUNK
              C.OLFRF,C()LHH,COLMLK,
              crNC.COND.CONF ,C( NF ,
              CRIKlS,C«uS<[,CShRTC,
              [)P IMAX.O"' TMIN,!. MTSIO
              OnLTS,n«I]PAY,OR(iVRT,
              F I AltJU.FI TL [M,F X , F Y ,
              Hisr 22, H ISC 2 3, H ISC. 2*
              Hi s( *2,l
-------
                  HIM , I I »!'C. I , IIHI'"I,,H,K?,K*,K5,KAP[S,KINTKK.
                 KIN TCI, "SIMIS.KIMDP.KAXIU.NA.NARI A.NC.NDA,
                 WlK>NN,NM«Ul,MltllS,Nf]TRr,NdTHC2,NOTHK,
                 IJI!?kl,NI'\/kTl,N[)VKT?,N()VKT31Nl,f)NCE.OPIM,
                 dPhH.OVPAYI.dVKIM.PAYLHR.PFRUN.PNONU.PNDSIG,
                 I'RHI I r,UO,01.02,01,0*.05,06,07,08.09,010.
                 01 1 , OH AX, 00, Oil I AVF,CO I MAX,OUI WIN,OUISIO,
                 OIJllMC,UUItlM,OUI2,«,RGVMAX,RGVMIN,RIGKA
    (IKPdN  //!()/ K I(,KH,K II, MAX, « IGVtL .RKA,RKAA,RKB,RKBH,RKCC,
                 K('AUI',,HMXDSR,KMxnSIlRNU,RUNNU,SCOLHL,SMWRKT,
                 '-.KK.Ml.STAT.SIMrsT.STRFML.SUMHUT.SUMrRK,
                 IAwfA,fHALDi.TlHF,TIPEO»TNF-TYP,TNGHUN»
                 HINAGf , Kilf.riS, TO I TON,TOTUT,TRC, TRCSIN.TRES,
                 II' H(25) , ANOHUNI251 , ANC)RUT(25)
                ASNI!lM(25),AASSUN(;>5l,AXll25l    .AX2I25)
                AYII/^I    .AY2I25I,  R(10),CCL(6),CULMLKI*)
                CORArHi*)  ,(15(6)     .EVFMI60)  ,HISC12(16)
                MIS(. I >l 1ft I ,MI',(, 1*1 16),HISC22( 16) .H ISC 23 I 161
                HIS (.,>*( 16) ,HISf )?( 16) ,HISC J3I 16) ,H ISC 3*1 161
                Ml '.( 'i? I 16 I ,H ISC* 31 161 , HI SC**( 16) ,111 STR1 I 161
                H I S I U 1 I I (. ) , H I S TU ? I 16 I , H I S T LI 3 I 16 I , H I S IU* I 16 I
                IIIMM(60I   ,f)VRIMI50)  ,PERUN(*)   ,00(501
                 (JtJI IMCU>0),OUI2I 300),RaARIS(25l,STAT(90)
    DICI NMCN  IIMK60)   ,TdNAr,M6)  .TOTWTISOI  .TRCI601    .TRIPI901
                TKKLDI50I  .TRLI60I    ,TSIMI 1000 I,WAIF(50 I
                            lrlMLI2,12),  OUJrrM(50,6),  RKAA(*,2),
                RKHIt(4,2>,   KKCCI *,2),TAHEA(50t 31 .THALOSI 50i3l,
                I IT 01 2, 12 I i  TNF TYPI 50i 31 t TNQHUNI50,3)
    CAI I  IDCI-FKI IONU)
    lll=IKANK
    ccr: = 0
    IF I 11(1  '10,40,91
 90 P(,f,= l
    IK--IR
 91 II Iflini  100,100,101
100 IXX; IDNII+IR
    K i ir.UHf I  IXX    )
    (,( K)  10?
101 I»X« IDNC* IK
    XK -r DRI (IXX    I
10? <,/UL  IINI'ACKI (OWN, IFIRSTtl ASF )
    I   1 ASI
    II II I 10 t, 10 ), 10*
103 fAII  PACM  inwN.IDNUilDNO)
    |XX= IDNlit II'
    K PKI  (IXX    1=0
105 III IUHN
10'. 1 1 ( M ( I n ) 1 0 ft  , 1 0 6 , I ? 2
106 |XX^L»IK
    IflKOKM  I XX)-K) 107, 107, 108
12? IXX=I  « IH
    ir iroRt i ixx I-XK)  io7,io7,io8
10( TAIL  F [LAST! IDNQ, IP, inWN)
    l,r I(J  10")
10H JSUC=I
    IXX^I  • IP
    TAIL  IJNPACKI ICOREI  IXX1.JP.JS)
    L'JP
11* 11111115,115,116
115 CAIL  F II F SII IONO, IP, IOWN4
    01, ru  105
116 l!(*u!)>  119,119,120
119 IXX = I « III
    IMK.OKtl  1XXI-KI 121, 121, 108
1^0 IXX-L'IR
    IMLIIKII  IXXl-XK)  121,121,108
1?1 1XX= IOM >IP
    fALI  PA( Kl  IC.ORL I  IXX     I.L.JSUC)
    I X X = L • I P
    (.ALL  DNI'AC.KI ICIJHf (  IXXl.JP.JS)
    TAIL  PACKI  ICdRF ( IXX  I.JP.IDNO)
    ixx= isur • IP
    CAIL  UNPACK! ICCIPf I  IXX   liJPiJS)
    CALL  PACM  IUIREI  IXX     I.IDNU.JS)
    G(  K) IG5
    FNC
                                                                              0? 10 UK
                                                                              0280 FLR
                                                                              0290 FLR
                                                                              0100 FLR
                                                                              0310 FIR
                                                                              o)?o FLR
                                                                              0330 FIR
                                                                              01*0 FLR
                                                                              0350 FLR
                                                                              0360 FLR
                                                                              03/0 FLR
                                                                              03BO FLR
                                                                              0390 FLR
                                                                              0«00 FLR
                                                                              0410 FLR
                                                                              0
-------

(,
(
(












































c



c
804




1 C.U 1 V A| 1 Nl 1 ( 1 (.DC 1 , MlH 1 >

1 \lffllH AM; lilKINSII'N F(]R SIMULATION

( (IfMUN /III)/ A'), ACRE , AHAI US , ANF TYP, ANOHIJN, ANORIJF , ASNUPT t
1 AASMIN.ASSSIIN.A', SUNK,AXI,AX2,AYI,AY?,n,CCL,rLKTM,
> C()IH)F,(UIHI<,C(IIMlK,COlTM/,CnMPAP.CUNA,tONB,
) fUNC , (.ONDtC (iNF ,( IINF , CD SCIIL . LOR A r.K , CHSI NT),
4 (.RLWIS,(RU'W,CSHRK. ,C.SIMR,(, TS, DAYS, DEI DF.P.IJMTAVE,
S IIMTMAX.IIMTMIN.IIMTSIf. , DFjLCm ,I)OLP IG, DDL TON,
6 Dill ! S,l,RUPAYtl)RUVI
'(.FMIIM /HI)/ Ml', III ] ,l Nl/li , NN.NIIRIH .NO! 1- I S, NO IRC, NO IRC, ^, NO IRK,
S NMPl ,'lfWKT 1 ,NIWKT2,NUVR1 3,NT , ONCE , OP I M,
/, rm»l'.IIVI'AYL,UVRIM,PAYlHk,PrRUN,PNDMU,PNUSlG.
/ PMh(lI(jOUlU2CHU4U5U6U70f)Q9UiO
H Ull.rjMAX.OQiUDIAVr.CIJIMAXiOUIMI N.UUI SIG,
9 LUITMf .UUITlM.IJUTZ.R.RGVMAX.RGVMINtRIGKA
C 111" Ml IN /I' I;/ RI',KH,Rlf,MAX,R|f,VFI ,RKA,RKAA,RKB,RKF»H,RKCC,
1 HtlADIStRMXDSR.RMXIISI , R Nl) , RUNNI1 , SCI1L ML , SMHRK1 ,
? 'jV. 1 (,ML . MAT , SI Ml ', I .SIRFUL, SUMRUI , SUM IRK ,
! IARIA,IHALIJStTI)'l,Tir'(titTNFIYP>TNOHIJN.
I25).ANHYPI25) , ANOHUNI 2? 1 , ANORUTI 2M .
1 ASNUPT 1 2'il , AASSUNI25 1 ,AX1 1251 .AX2I25I .
2 AY1IPSI ,AY2(2')I, HI 10) ,CCl 161 ,COLMl Kl/4 IX, I'lHS IMULAT ION RUN I3.37HSHOKS THE RESIDENTIAL ARFAS D 1 V I SI ONS0690FNLP


C
806





6/4 IX .55HANI) THIS DISPOSAL SITE. THE RUN HAS SIMULATED ONE HEFKS
7/41X,42ITPI RAT ION AND THE RFSULIS ARF SHOWN BELOW.)

1 t IIRMAT ( ll'l / 111-/ 1H-,
1 41>X,I>OMIN IMIS RUN THFRH IS A TRANSFER STATION WHERE THE
?/'.lX .SSHt lllLFf T ION TRUCKS HRING THEIR LOADS. THE SOLID WASTE IS
)/4 IX, 14HIRANSI FRRf U TO 14,3711 CUBIC YARD TRAHERS AND CARRIED
4M1X, SMITH! SF TRAILERS PULLtD HY TRACTORS TIJ THE FINAL DISPOSAL
•>/,F7.0,31H THE TRANSFER STATION IS AT CO-0810FNLP
9/
-------
     111 I),  '. I X,', ',11 I.
     t \ \ 0 t  40X ( 4 '(MM .
     HI I),  4 (IX, 44H'I.
     '.Ill),  'IX ,4'iHIO.
     'j II'I/II  /IH-/1H
     ft in
     /inn
     HII
     9|l'0
     I II

      I IIKMAT I
     Iinr,   cix, 14H14.
     ?IH  ,   l'IX,4'>H
                  IMIIIAMS  I'l H KIN  K1U  INIIRE WHKS  WORK ...,F1|.2/
                  tnillCMIIN tHUI.K  TRAIFIC MIIFAt.l-   	Fll.l/
                  11111 n r IIIN i RUCK  NF ir.HisiiRHUim  MILEAGF ...,ni.i/
                  TMAIlfR  IRAI.FOR  TRAFFIC MILFA(,E   	, Fll.l/
                 , VIX.l^Hll. M/MHI R  [IF UlllFCrillN  TRUCKS GETTING/
                  UNt HIIIIK (If IIVERIIMF DURING WEEK   	,I6/
                  NUMHtR  lit  ((/(LECTION imiCK', GfttlHG       /
                  TWII HOURS  OF OVERTIME  DURING WEFK  	,I6/
                  NIIMHFR  llf  TRUCKS  GET TIM, MOKF  THAN        /
                  fWO HflURS  OF OVERTIMF  DURINf, WtEK  	,161
             )'»X, I 3H
             I'lX.^OH
             1 ') X . ,> 1 H U
'. It'O,
'•II'  ,
7li'n,
H it'  ,
•ill*  ,
I II'O,
     4 in
     •>1H
     6 I HO
     an
 B064 FORMAT!
     1 int), 39X.30H21.
     ?1HO, )9X,IflH??.
     un  ,  42x,4mi
     4IH  ,  42X.40H
C
 B065 F
                         THERE WERE,I4,2<)H  BREAKDOWNS  OR FIAT  TIRES ON/
                         COLLFCIION TRUCKS DURING  THE  WEEK.        /
                         THE  COLLECTION  TRUCKS MADE,16,1)H TRIPS  DURING/
                         THE  WEEK./
                         THE  TRAILER  TRACTOR RIGS  MAOf,lft, 6H  TRIPS/
                         DURING IHF WEEK./
                                             AVF    SIG    MAX    MIN /
                         TIME IN MINUTES   /
                         IN  OISPOSAl  	, 4F6.Z/
                         PERCENT TIMl  SPENT BY COLLECTION TRUCKS   /
                                 IN CriLI FCTING...,F9.1/
                                 IN  TRAFFIC 	,E4. I/
                                 IN DISPOSAI	,F9.1/
                                 OFF  ROUTE 	,F9.I/
                                           AVE   SIG    MAX   MIN /
                         HOURS IN WORKDAY ,4F6.1)
1020FNLP
10 IDFNLP
1040FNLP
10->OFNLP
lO'.'ll Nl P
1070FNLP
10HOENLP
1090FNIP
I IOOFNIP
IIIOFNLP
1120FNLP
1 I 1
-------
     1  I ri lll> , 1 I' I I IK , I SHU ,UKHM ,UUI AVt , UUISIG.Ut.il M kX.UUIMIN
      If ( AV.MlN.NI .1.1  (',() Id  ltd?
      Ul> I II I I I II, III I I

 66?  M  I ASSMJN.I U.O. ) GO TO 7/7
                                                                             I'l 4(ll NIP
                                                                             1940FNIP
    HH I I I I II U, I10H1 I  I IMFOI
   I                   I IMFUI
                      T IMtOI
                      TIMFUl
                               ,11, I IP,FQ(2.1). 1IWEO< 1,21 ,TIMEOI2,2).
                               ,3>,TIMFa<2,JI.TIMFOIl,<.),TlMFO<2,<.),
                               .%).1IMf.Q(2,!}),TIMf 0(1,61, T IMFOI 2, 61,
                               ,7l,TIMrOt2,7lfTIMEU(l,8),  T IMF 01 2,8) ,
                               , '(}, 1 IMFU(2,')I .TIMFQI 1,101 ,IIHFU(2, 101 ,
                               ,U),TlMFOI2,ll>.TlMEOIl,12>,TlMfO|2.12>
      HU 1 U ( 1 1 n
                  nlPFNSIHN REQUIRFU IN THIS  ROUTINE ONLY
    1)1 PI NSI liN XX I 6 I

in i.r  >(02 i  *  i,is
    X X | 1 I  i  ((111)  «  C I S ( I I
902 MM INIIf

    II I ASSSIIN.Nt .0. I  r,0  10 500
    HH I I I I II.U, SO?)
500 nil I II I II 11, HO',5 I HJNAOF.I 1 I.XXI 1 ) ,TONAGFI2I ,XX(2),
    1                 KlNAGF I 3) ,XXI 3 I .TONAGFCi) , XXI4 I ,
    2                 UINAGF ( 5 I, XX I'j I , TONAC.F I 6 I , XX ( 6 I

    M i ns'iMm.i u.o. i  no  in 778
    Ml' I II I lOIJ.HObA )

    IK!  13  I  - M.90
    IHTKIPIll.FU.O.) GO TO  34
 3 ) (DM INIIF

 )  J « 71.  JJKK
    .177 =  TRIP(J)
    Mkllt  I IOIJ4H067)  J, J77
 45 MINT INUI

    HR ITU 1UU,B06B>

    DC 531 1  •=  51,  NOTRC2
    .178 -  IKIPI I )
    MH 1 III IUU,8p69I  I.J78
331 rcMlNUF

    P P 1 -  I) I  1 )
    PP? =  HI 21
    P P i -  I! (  3 I
                                                                             1<)(,OFNLP
                                                                             1970FNLP
                                                                             19801 NLP
                                                                             1990f NIP
                                                                             ?OOOTNLP
                                                                             201 OF NLP
                                                                             2020FNLP
                                                                             2030FNLP
                                                                             20'.0f NLP
                                                                             2050FNLP
                                                                             2060FNLP
                                                                             2070FNLP
                                                                             ?OHOrNLP
                                                                             ?0')t)FNl_P
                                                                             2100FNLP
                                                                             2110FNLP
                                                                             2120FNLP
                                                                             2130FNLP
                                                                             21AOFNLP
                                                                             2150FNLP
                                                                             21ftO' NLP
                                                                             2170FNLP
                                                                             2190FNLP
                                                                             2200FNLP
                                                                             2210FNLP
                                                                             2??orNl P
                                                                             2250FNLP
                                                                             22-.OFNLP
                                                                             2250FNLP
                                                                             2260FNLP
                                                                             2?70FNLP
                                                                             22HOFNLP
                                                                             2290FNIP
                                                                             2300FNLP
                                                                             2110FNLP
                                                                             23JOFNLP
                                                                             2330FNLP
                                                                             23<.OFNLP
                                                                             2350F NLP
                                                                             2360FNLP
                                                                             2370FNLP
                                                                             23HOFNLP
                                                                             2390FNLP
                                                                             2<.OOFNLP
                                                                             ?'.10FNLP
      «F FUHN
      I Mi;
                                                                             2MOFNLP
                                                                             2*'iOFNLP
                                                                             2450FNLP
illiflC HISI«
      MJHHIIUUNF HIS1Ut.RND.YY)
      I) I PI Nil CN X(?0
      N=/7 I II
      /N"N
      NN *N» I
      YP IN^ZZ 121
      YPAX-// I  3)
       IU!  'lOOl 1=1, N
       DO  4002 I --  UNN
       / I =1
 AOO?  Y( H--YMlN»lll-UO>«OELY
       XI 1 1=71 1 I
       ur,  AOOY<[)«(DrLYMKNl>-Xlt-l)>/{lll>
 4008  HelUKN
                                                                             0010  HST
                                                                             0020  HSI
                                                                             0030  HST
                                                                             00<,0  HST
                                                                             0050  HST
                                                                             0060  HST
                                                                             0070  HST
                                                                             OOBO  HST
                                                                             0090  HST
                                                                             0100  HST
                                                                             0110  HST
                                                                             0120  HST
                                                                             0130  HST
                                                                             0140  HST
                                                                             0150  HST
                                                                             0160  HST
                                                                             0170  HST
                                                                             0180  HST
                                                                             0190  HST
                                                                             0200  HST
                                                                             0210  HSI
                                                                             0220  HST
                                                                             0230  HST
•IBFTC  ICCH.
      SIJI'RDUTINF  IDCHEK(ILNO)
C
       COPPON AND DIPENS10N FOR LIST  PROCESSING ROUTINES

       CCPPUN ICIJf, .ICALDR.ICHECK.ICLOCK, I CORE . I DUPiM2. 1 DUPM4 , I FR5T 2
       CCPMI1N IFRSI<,,1FRSTB,|I)VRHO,IUPE1,1TIMF2,ITYPF2,JBUG.JCHFCK
       COPPON PAXCRE.MAXINT.MAXT.ITYPEI
       DIPINSIIN  I CORE I 1000), CUREI50)
                  I I ir.UHF .CORE I
                                                                              0010IOCK
                                                                              00201DCK
                                                                              0030IOCK
                                                                              0040IDCK
                                                                              0050IOCK
                                                                              0060IDCK
                                                                              0070IOCK
                                                                              OOB010CK
                                                                              0090IDCK
                                                                              0100IDCK
                                                                              OUOIDCK
                                                                              0120IDCK

-------
      C,( MMllN AM)
                     f r,S lljtv FIJK SIMIJIAIKIN
   COMMON /Ml;/ A'),M llh.AHALDS, ANt- T YP, ANntHJN , ANIIRUT .ASNUPT,
  1            AflSSiJN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,Axl,AX?,AYI.AY?,fl,CCL,CLKTM1
  2            C(Jl f RF ,C(JLHK,UII Ml K.CUL IK/ ,COMPAP,CONA,CONB,
  3            CONl .COND.CIiNF .tr.MF.COSCOL.CORACR.COSlNn.
  TUltHISTU?lHlsru3lHISTU4.
  1            KOI FR, |Nf INCKMI i lnu> IRUNNRt ITIMLi JOH> JTRCt
  2            JIRL, JIRPCL ,JTRHHr,,K,K2,K'i,K5,KAPTS,KINTRK,
  3            K INIRL.KSIMF S , K TMOP , t"AXL OtNA ,NAR E A , NC iNDA ,
                                  TS,NnTRCtNf)TRC?.NOrH»l,
  A            URHM.nvPAYL ,(IVR I M , PAYLHR , PEKUN, PNDHUi PNDS I Gt
  1            PRHrLT,aO,01,OZ,U3,a«t01'.06,07,08,(J9,010,
  II            01 1 ,OMAX,OOiQU! AVE , OU I MAX , QU I MI Ni UU I SIG,
  S            OU1 IMC, gull TM.UUT?,R,RGVMAX,R&VM!N,RIGKA
   COPMIIN /HO/ Rtr,KH,HtGMAX,Rir,VFl,RKA,RKAA,RKR,KKBH,RKCCt
  1            RnAUIS.RMXDSR.RMXDSTtRND.RUNNn.SCULMl.SMWRKT,
  )            SR IGML , SIAT.i.rMFST.SIRFML.SUMRUT.SUMrRK.
  3            TARfA, IHAlDSt T IMF, T IKFO. INEI YP, TNOHUN,
  >,            TtlNAGF, rdFCOS, H)TTUN,T[)rwr,TRC,r«CSIN,TReS.
  5            1KFHK, tKfUL , JHf !Ml, TR IP, TRKOAY, FRKLD, TRL,
  h            TRLHAL.rRPCOL, TR PR 1C , TRPTM , I SCOST , TSHR ,
  7            TSLBPS, rSTM,TX,TY,UNACRE,UTILTY,VELMAX,
  H            VFLW1N, VtLMUKtVf LMUT,VELSGR, VELSGT.HAIE ,
  q            MAIE7,HT,XOAY,YRS
   OlfFNSlON  AHALDS(?5).ANfcTYP(25).ANOHUNI25) .ANORUTI25).
  1           ASNUPTI25I .AASSUNI25) ,AX1 (25)    .AX2I25I   .
  1           AYK25)    .AY2I25I, H ( 10 ) ,CCL ( 6 I .CQLMLK ( 4 ) ,
  3           CURACRCi)  ,CTS(6)     ,EVENT(60) ,HISC12(16I,
  4           H1SC13I Ifc) .H1SC1AI 16I,HISC22( 161 ,HISC23( 16) ,
  5           H[SC2<.(16I,HISC32< 16I.HISC33I 16I.HISC34I 161,
  6           H1SC<.2( 16 ) ,HISCIOVRHD,ITIMElfITIHE2i I T YPE2 , JBUG, JCHECK
      CUKMIIN  MAXCRf,MAXlNT,MAXI,ITYPEl
                 ICUREI1000), COKFI50)
      COCftJN  AND DIMENSION FOK  SIMULATION

      CnfMON  /BD/ A<),ACRE,AHALOS,ANETYP,ANOHUN,ANORUT,ASNUPTf
      1             AASSUN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AXl,AX2,AYl,AY2,B,CCLtClKTM,
      2             CnLFRE,CULHR,CniMLK,CnLTMZ,COMPAP,CaNA,CONB,
      1             CONC,CUND,CGNE,CONF,COSCOL,CORACR,CQSLNO,
      <,             CREWTS,CRUSZ,CShRTC,CSTHR,CTS,DAYS,OEll)EP,OMTAVE,
      5             OMTMAX,DMTM1N,UMTSIG,DOLCOL,DOLRIG,DOLTON,
      6             DOLTS.OROPAY,OROVRT,OSLC,DH,EVENr.FlNOAY,
      7             FLATNO,FLTLIM,FX,FY,H1SC12,H1SC13,HISC1*,
      8             HlSCZ2,HISC23,HISC2             NDR,NN,NORUT,NOFLTS,NOTRC,NOTRC2,NOTRK,
      5             NOTRI,N(WRT1,NOVRT2,NOVRT3,NT,C1NCE,OPTM,
      6             ORHR,aVPAYL,OVRTM,PAYL8R,PERUN,PNOMU,PNDSIG,
      7             PRbFLT, 00, Oli 02,03,0*. 05, 06, 07,08,0'), 010,
      B             UU,UMAX,CO,UUlAvE,CUlMAX,UUIMIN,aUISIG,
      1             (;UITMC,QUITIM,flU!2,R,RGVMAX,RGVM|NIRir.KA
      CCfMUN /I'D/ K IdKB.R ICMAX,R lr,VEl ,RKA,RKAAIRKB,RKHB,RKCC,
                                                                        0010  INI
                                                                        0020  INI
                                                                        0030  INI
                                                                        0040  INI
                                                                        0050  INI
                                                                        0060  INI
                                                                        0070  INI
                                                                        OOBO  INI
                                                                        0090  INI
                                                                        0100  INI
                                                                        0110  INI
                                                                        0120  INI
                                                                        0130  INI
                                                                        0140  INI
                                                                        0150  INI
                                                                        0160  INI
                                                                        0170  INI
                                                                        0180  INI
                                                                        0190  INI
                                                                        0200  INI
                                                                        0210  INI
                                                                        0220  INI
                                                                        0230  INI
                                                                        0240  INI
                                                                        0250  INI
                                                                        0260  INI
                                                                        0270  INI
                                                                        0280  INI
                                                                        0290  INI
                                                                        0300  INI
                                                                        0310  INI
                                                                        0320  INI
                                                                        0330  INI
                                                                        0140  INI

-------
                   HI) All 1 S,«MXI)SH,RMXI)S1 , HN1-), HDNNl) , SUH ML .SMHKKT ,
                   SRH.MLtiI»T,STMfS I.SIRFMLiMJMRUI.SUMTRK,
                   IAHIA,THAll)S,TIK[,II*Eg.,TNtlYP, INdHUN,

                   IRfHK,THFMl,IKFIf/,IKlP,[RKUAY,IRKLl),IRI,
111 PI NS I( N
(HCINSION
                   ISIHPA,TSTMttX,TY,UNACRF,UtlLTY,VtLMAX,
                   VELMIN.VFLMUR.VflMUI.VF-L'iOR.VELSI. t.WATE,
                   WAIF./ ,Kt , XOAY.YRS
                  AHALI)S(/"i],ANETYPI25> . ANIJHUNI 25),ANORUU25).
                  ASNUPI ( 25) , AASSUNI25) .AXK25I    ,AX2t2M    ,
                  AYU25)    .AY2I25I, B( 10) ,CCL (61 .COLMLKUI  .
                  UJRAt.KI',1 .C1M6I     ,FVtNI(60l  ,H I SC 1 2 ( 1 6 ) ,
                  HISf. 1)1 161 , HlSCl'. I 161 , H1SC22I 161 ,HI SC23< 16) •
                  HISC2M161.H I SC 32(161, HI SC 33(161, HI SC34I16),
                  HI';C , RKAAC.,2),
     1            RKI)8C.i2),   RKCCU.2I ,TARf A(50, 3) , THALDS ( 50 , 3 ) ,
       1,12
      I T IML ( I , J )  J  0
  H63  « NlINdF
  86  i  0
      rvrNH i i  -  o
   33  CFlMINUt
      ACHC « 0
      CLKTM  -  0
      COLIMZ -  0
      IJCPTM; •  o
      FIN I) AY "  0.
      IOVRIM •  0
      K i - o.
      11IWK1M  •
      uic  •  o
      S I A It)  «
      ri I  -o
      1 1 12 -o
      WT - 0
      Kf IUHN
      I M,
01V)  IN 1
0360  INI
0370  INI
OiHO  INI
O3')0  INI
0
-------
      (I.MMIIN AM,  UIMINSIIJN Flip SIMlltATlUN
      I < MHI1N /III)/  A'J, AC Hf , A HA I DS.ANF I VP , ANDHUN i ANURU t .ASNUPT ,
     I             A»SSIIN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AX1,AX2.AYI,AY2,B,CCL,CLKTM,
                   fllNC .CriMJ.ClINC ,CI)NF .COSLUL .CURACR.COSLNO,
                   (,RlwrS,CRUS/,C SHRir.CSTHR, CIS. DAYS, DFLDEP.OMTAVF,
                   l)MTMAX,l;MTM|N,()M SIG.DOLCOL.OOLRIG.OOLTON,
                   Dili rs.DRUPAY.DRLiVRI ,OSLC , OW , f VFN T , F I NDAY,
                   HAIfJI),KHr«,FX,FV,HISC12,HISC13.HISC14,
                   HIS122,HI5C2I,HISC ?4,HISC»2,HISC33,H1SC34,
                   HISC42,HI SC4J.HI SC44
      COMMON  /HI!/  HISIIH .HISIUl ,HISTU2,HISIU3,HISTU4,
                   ICniFH, IN, INLKMT, inu, IRUNNU, I TIML, JOW.JTRC.
                   JIHI .JfRPCl  , jrRI'Rr,,K,K2,K4,K5,KAPTS,KINTRK,
                   KINIRI ,KSTMF S.MMUP.M AXL 0 ,NA ,NARE A, NC ,NDA,
                   NDR.NN.NORHT.NUH I S , NOTRC ,NOTRC2 , NO I RK ,
                   N01KL ,NOVRT I , NOVRT2.NOVRT 1, NT, ONCE .CJPTM,
                   ORHR.OVPAYL ,I)VR IM , PA YLHR , PERUN , PNDMU , PNOS I G,
                   P«HI( f, (JO, 01 ,«<•. 03, 04, OS, 06, 07, OB, 09, 010,
                   Ul 1 .OMAX.QU.UUI AVF , OUIMAX.OUIMIN.OUlSir,,
                   UUI TMt ,CIJI I IM.QUT 2 , H , RGVMAX , HOVH I N, R IGKA
      CllfMON  /111)/  KIOKH,R IGMAX.R If.VEl ,RKA , RKAA ,RKB , RKBH ,RKCC ,
                   Rf)A|)| S.KMXOiH.RfXDSI , RND , RUNNO , SCIIL ML , SMWRK T ,
                   SRIGMI ,r,TAT,STMFST,srRFMLf SUMRUr.SUMTRK,
                   TAKIA.THAIOS.I IHF,T[HEg,TNEIVP,INOHUN,
                   rnNAGE,iiiTCiis,icrrON,rorwr,rRC,TRCsiN,rRES,
                   TRFHR,TR>-ML,TKF1M/,rRIP,TRKDAYlrRKLD,TRl,
                   TRlHAI,rpPC(U,TI(PRlr, .TRPTH.TSCOSr.TSHR,
                   rSLRPA,TSrM,IX,rY,UNACRF,UTILTY,VELMAX,
                   VELMlN,VFLMlm,VELMur,VELS'5R,VEl.SGT,MATf,
                   WAT( 7,HTtXUAY,YRS
                  AHALI)r, l2">|,ANErYPI25) , ANOHUN(2i) , ANORUTI25) ,
                  ASNUPI (251 ,AASSUN(?i) .AX1I25I   ,AX2(25t    ,
                  AYK25I   ,AY2(2'.)I  B ( 10 I . CCL ( 6 I .COLMLK I 4 I  ,
                  CORACRIAl ,CrS(6l     .EVENTI60) ,HISC12(16),
                  HISC11(1A),H1SC1A(16I,HISC22(16),HISC23(16I,
                  HI5C24I 16I.HISC32I 16I.HISC33I 1 61 .HI SC34I 16> ,
                  HI5C<,?ll6),HIbC<,M16),HISC,MISTU?(16l,HISTU3ll6),HISTU<.U6),
                  IJPTMI60)  .UVRIMISO)  .PERUNCil  ,00(50)     ,
                   QUI I MCI 60) ,01)1? I )00),ROA[)ISI25),STAT(90)
      DIMENSION   TIr"l (601  ,niNAGI(6l  ,rurHT(50) .TRCIfcO)    .IR1PI90I
                  TRKLIJ(SO) ,TRL(60I    , I STM ( 1 000 1 , HATE I 50 I  ,
                  OAYSI2,3I, lllfL(2,12),  OUI T TM ( 50, 6 I ,  RKAAC.,2),
                  RKnl)C.,2),   RKCCIA.2) , TARE A ( "SO , 3 I , THALOS I 50, 3 I ,
     «            TIMEO(2»12). INf IYP( 50,3) ,  TNOHUN(50,3)

       IMORU°I 1'MAXINf*! 2
      Rl TURN
      FNC.
01 JO
0140
0150
0160
01 70
0180
0190
0200
0210
0220
0230
02*0
0250
0260
0270
0280
0290
0300
0310
0120
0)30
03*0
0350
0360
0370
0380
0390
0400
0410
0420
0430
04 '.0
0450
0460
0470
0480
0490
0500
0510
0520
0530
0540
0550
0560
0570
05HO
0590
0600
0610
0620
0630
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
PAK
»IBFTC

C
C
C
SUBROUTINE  PANIC

COMMON  «NC  DIMENSION FOR LIST  PROCESSING ROUTINES

COMMON  I BUG,ICALDR,[CHECK,1C LOCK,I CORE,IDUMM2.IDUMM4,IFRST2
COMMON  IFRST4,IFRST8,IUVRHD,ITIME1,ITIME2,ITYPE2,JBUG,JCHECK
COMMON  MAXCRF.MAX INT,MAXI,I TYPE 1
DIMENSION  ILUREUOOO), CORt(50)
ECUIVALENCLIICORF.CORE)
      COMMON AND DIMENSION  FUR  SIMULATION

      COMMON /HO/ A9,ACRE,AHALDS,ANFTYP,ANQHUN,ANDRUI,ASNUPT,
      I             AASStJN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AXl,AX2,AYl.AY2,B,CCL,ClKTN,
      ?             COLFRf ,U)LHR,COIMLK,COLTMZ,COMPAP,CIINA,CUN8,
      3             CONC.COND.CONE.CONF.CCSCOL.CORAr.R.CnSLND,
      4             CREW!S,CRUSZ,CSHRTC,CSTHR,CIS,DAYS,DELDEP,DMTAVE,
      5             UMTMAX,DMTMlN,UMTSIG,OnLCOL,DuLRIG,OnLn)N.
      6             Dr)L!S,L>RI)PAY,ORIJVRI,nSLC,OW,EVENT,HNOAY,
      7             FLATNO,FLILTM,FX,FY,HISC12,HISC13,HISC14,
      8             HISC22,HISC23,HISC24,HISC32,HISC33,H1SC34,
      9             HISC42.HISC43.HISC44
      COMMON /BH/ H1SID1,HISTU1,HJSTU2,HISTU3,HISTU4,
      1             ICOLFR,IN,tNCRM!,Iau,IRUNNO,ITIM,L,JOH,JTRC,
      2             JTRL.JTRPCl , JIRPRr,,K,K2,K4,K5,KAPTS,KINTRK,
      1             K[NTRL,KSTMFS,KTMnP,MAXLO,NA,NAREA,NC,NDA,
      4             NnR,NN,NOHUI,NaFLTS,NOIRC,NOTRC2,NOTRK,
      5             NOTRL,NCVRTl,NOVRI2,NOVRT3,NT,aNCE,OPIM,
      6             URHR.OVPAYL.UVHIM,PAYLBR.PtRUN,PNDMU,PNDSIG,
      7             PRHFLT,CO.Ul.02,03,04,05,06,07,08,09,010,
      H             011,UMAX,UO.OUIAVF,OLIIMAX,OU|MIN,gU[SIC,,
      9             GUI IMC.UUIT !M,(jlJT2,R,RGVMAX,R&VMIN.R IGKA
       C(.MMON /BO/ RlGKB,HIKHAX,HICVf L ,HKA,RKAA, RKB ,KKHH , RKCC ,
      1             ROADIS,RMXDSR,RMXDSI,RND,RUNNO,SCnLML,SMWRKT,
      2             SRlGML,SIAT,STMFST,SIRFML,SUMRUI,SUMrRK,
      3             TAREA,THALOS,TIME,TIMEO,TNETYP,TNOHUN,
      4             TONAr,F,TOTC(;S,Tr, TTON,TOTWT,TRC,TRCSIN,TPES,
0010 PAN
0020 PAN
0030 PAN
0040 PAN
0050 PAN
0060 PAN
0070 PAN
0080 PAN
0090 PAN
0100 PAN
OHO PAN
0120 PAN
0130 PAN
0140 PAN
0150 PAN
0160 PAN
0170 PAN
0180 PAN
0190 PAN
0200 PAN
0210 PAN
0220 PAN
0230 PAN
0240 PAN
0250 PAN
0260 PAN
0270 PAN
0280 PAN
0290 PAN
0300 PAN
0310 PAN
0320 PAN
0310 PAN
0340 PAN
0350 PAN
0360 PAN
0370 PAN
0380 PAN
0390 PAN

-------
     >,              !«MU',!l'(ML,IRFIt-'/,FHIP.IRK[)AY,TKKU).TRl,
     6              1R| I' A I , 1 UPC I II , IK I'll If, , TRPIM, F SCO SI , I ilm,
     I              l5lHPA,TSTM1rx>:Y,IJNACRF,I.ITII_TY,VFl.M»Xt
     fl              VF|M|N,VfLHllR1VllMlJI,VFLlOKiVFl)    ,AY2I25I,  h( 101 .CCl ( 61 .C.OIMI K 14 I  ,
     3             (UHA(«I4I  ,CI',(6)     ,EVfNT(60) IHISC12I16I,
     4             HI SI. M(16),HISC14(16),HISC22(16),HISC23I16),
     5             HIM 2M 161 , HISC, 3?( 16 I , HISC )3( 16) ,HI SC34I 161 ,
     6             HIM'. ,M16),HISr.4)(16),HISr<,4<16),HISTUltl6),
     I             MISIUI(16),HIStU2(16),HlS!U3(V6l,HISHI4(16),
     H             (IPIMI60)   ,(IVRrM(50) ,PTRUN(4)  ,UO(50)     ,
     •I              UU I IMC 160 ) ,UI)I2 I )00) ,R(JAI)I il 25 I ,STAT I 90 I
      DIFTNSKIN   I1MFI60I   ,I(INAG[(6) ,Tl)TWT(50) ,TRC(60)    .TRIPI
     I             lHKLIi(50l  •TKLIhO)    , ISIMI 10001 ,HATF ( 50)  .
     !             IIAYSI2.3),  II[MI(2,12), UUIUM150,6), RKAAI4.2)!
     i             RKHI114,?),   HKCLI 4, 21 ,TARF AI50, 31 , THALOS < 50 , 3 I ,
     4             IIMtQ(2,12), FNMYP(50,3),  1NOHUN I 50 , 3 I

      MR lit I IIJU, ICO)
      WRlIi  llfll,200)  NI, ITlMf 2. 1 IYPE2
100 FTHMAI  I lF(-,25HPANir,  SUHROUTINfc tNTfRFD.)
200 FdUMAI  I IFl-i 16HFOK  FRUCK NUMIIFR.I3,  BH T1MF
    (HI
»IBFF(  RAND"
      SIJHRdUI INt  RAN DOM IMF AN, S IGMA.X )
      RTAL  Mt AN
      CAI I  niNMRMI X,Y,0. )
      X'CF AN> S If.MA'X
      R[ FUKN
      f MJ
                                                          ,17, 9H  EVENT «
   Fir. V i f I *
      MJIIRlllir INF  KF MF r, I ( II, NO, I P, ION)

      tllMMlIN ANU  (JlMINSlUN  FDK I [SI  PHUCfSIINf. ROUTINES

      (.fCHON I !»)(,, If. AI I)R, l(. HF I.K, IC1DCK, ICflRF, I DUMM2 , 10UMM4, IFRSI2
      ( ( FMIIN II  f', F<,, IFRSIH, [(IVRHO, It IMF. 1, IT IMF-2, I I Y PI 2 , JF31K, , JCF(F CK
      (I.MMIItJ MAX(CI ,M«XIN1,MAXI,[1YPF1
      I.IKFNSlCN  K HUM 101(,l,  (,l,Rf(50)
      H.III VALfcM F ( K.FIPF ,Cf:RI  I
       fCNMON ANI!  IJlffcNSlnN  FOR SIMULATION

       tnfMUN /(ID/  AS,Ar.RCiAHAI 0 S , ANF T Y P , ANOHUN , ANORUT , ASNIJPT,
      1              AASillN,ASSSUN,A'.SIINK,AXl,AX2,AYl,AY2,B,CCL.CLKTM,
      2              C()Lr«F,CULHI',CnlMLK,CULTM7,COMPAPtCONA,C(JNB,
      3              CflNCtCOND.CtINF , CONF , COSCOL , CORACH , CUSL NO ,
      ',              CKF/WTS.tRUS/.CSHRICiCSlHR, CIS, DAYS, (jriUFP.IJMTAVE,
      S              OMlMAX,OMTMIN,nMTSIG,OOLCOL,OOLRIG,OULTON,
      6              rmLIS,DRUPAY,l)RUVRT,DSLC,l)W,EVENr,FINUAY,
      /              fLAINO,FLTlrM,fXtFY,HISC12,HISCntHISC14,
      H              HISf22,FllSC 23,Hlr>C24,HISC32,HIS(.33,FtlSC34,
      ')              FUSC42.HISC'. 3.HISC44
       CfJfMlIN /Mil/  HISTI11 ,lll STU1 ,111 SFU2.HI STU3.FU i I U4 ,
      1              If.ni f R, IN, INCRMT , |OU, 1RIINNO, ITIMl ,JOM, JTRC,
      2              JTRt.JTRPCL.JIRI'RO ,KIK2,K4,K5,KAPTS,KIN!RK1
      3              KINFRI ,KSIMI S,K tMUP,PAXLO,NA,NAREA,Nf,,NOA,
      4              NnK,NN,NURUt,NnurSiNntRC,NnTRC2,NUTRK,
      5              NOIRI,NDVH11,N()VRI2,NOVRT3,NT  .ONCE ,(JPIM,
      6              ll«HH,(WPAYL ,OVRTM,PAYLBR,PLRUN,PN()MIJ,PNOSIG,
      7              PR IH I I ,1.'0,U1. 02,03,04,05,06,07,09,09,010,
      B              t,H,UMAX,li(j,UUl/Wt-1OUlMAX,UUlMIN,(JUI')l&,
      9             IjU I IM(. , LUI T lM,mjl2,R,Rr,VMAX,Rr,VMIN,R 1GKA
       (.OK Ml IN /HI)/  R I(,KU,H K.MAX.II IGVtl. , RK A , RK A A ,  RK II , HK I1H , RKC(. ,
                    HO AD I '>,RMXUSR,KMxrjST , RNO, RUNNf), SCOt Ml .SMWRKT,
                    SHII.MI.SrAr.ilMFSI.SIRFML.SUMRUI.SUMIRK,
                    1A|(IA,IHA1|J'),I|MF,FIKLU,INMYP, INIJFIIJN,
                    KiNA (,F, II) ICDS, lllll ON.IOIHI.TRC ,IR(.SIN,1RF^,
                    IMIMH.IHFMI ,IRt I fl , TR IP, IRKOAY, IHKLU, TRl ,
     OIKENSH'N
                    ISL II PA,TSIM,TX,IY,U NACRE, UTILTY.VILMAX,
                    VtLMIN.VElMUK.VFLMLI.VELSCR.VELSGr.WATE,
                    hATE/ ,MT , XDAY.YRS
                   AF-ALnS(25l,ANEFYFM25l , ANOHUNI25) , ANOKUT I 25 I ,
                   ASNUPT (25) .AASSUM25) ,AXH25)    ,AX2(25)    ,
                   AY1I25)    ,AY2(25), B I 10 I ,CCL I 6 I ,CDL MLK I 4 I  ,
                   CURACFU4I .CTM6I     .EVFNTI60I  ,HISC12(16I,
                   HISC13I16I,HISC14I16),HISC22(16),H1SC23(16),
                   HISC24I16),H1SCJ2(16),HISC33(16),HISC34I16),
                   HISTII1(16),H 1ST U 2(161, HIST II 3116), HISt 114 (161,
                   (1PTMI60)   ,OVRFK(50I  ,PFRUN(4)   ,00(501     ,
0
-------
                 Llll IM< I / o > ,t,ul,M XJOl ,W(JAI)I SI 25 I , '.'A f (901
                MMII6IJ)   ,K,NA(iM6> ,101*1150)  .TRCI60I    ,rRIP(9C)
                IKKIM50I  ,THI(M)I    , TSTMI 1000I.WATE!50I  .
                llAYSU.tl.  I I IMI (?, 12) , 0111 TTMI 50,61 ,  RKAAI4.2I,
                KHIIIII'..?).   I-KCCI'.,,* > , TARrA(50, 3) .THAI IJSI50, 3).
                TIMI 
    HIM, -  If IKS!
    IMIUNDI  150,150.151
150 Hf JIJIIN
151 l*X = ll>N(.MP
    (.AIL UNPACK! ICORFI   IXX    ) , JP , I f I R S T I
    II I HI (  IXX    I  =  -1
    IMIIIH'jl)  156,156,159
156 ITHN--0
    (,P III  150
159 (All PACK! H.HN, IF [RSI, I ASI I
    IXX- IFlRSr«IP
    (All UNPACK! 1CCJRF!   IXX      ),JP,JS)
    (.All rtCKI IC.tIRt <  (XX      I.O.JS)
    f.C FU  150
                                                                             O'>40 RHF
                                                                             0550 RMF
                                                                             0560 RMF
                                                                             0570 RMF
                                                                             0580 RMF
                                                                             0590 RMF
                                                                             0600 RMF
                                                                             0610 RMF
                                                                             0620 RMF
                                                                             0630 RMF
                                                                             060 RMF
                                                                             0730 RMF
                                                                             0740 RMF
                                                                             0750 RMF
                                                                             0760 WMF
MBFTC RFI, I f RS T2
      CCPMDN  lFRSI^,l'«'H,ITlMf2,[TYPt?,JBUG,JCHFCK
      CDC^ON  fAXC.RF,MAXINI,MAXT,IIYPI:l
      DIFfNSION ICORM1000I,  CIJRCI50)
      [ CUIVALFNCK I CORF, CORE I
      COPPtJN AND OlftNSION  FOR SIMULATION

      CdCMUN /HO/ A9.ACRF.AHAl DS , ANE T Y P , ANOHUN , ANORUT , A SNUP T ,
      I             AASSUN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AX1,AX2,AY1,AY2,B,CCL,CLKTM,
      7             CflLf RF.CULHH.CIII KLK , COL TMZ ,COMPAP,CUNA , CONB,
      )             CDNt.Cn NO, CONF ,(.()NF,CnSCOl,CURACR,COSLNI),
      A             CRIWTS.CRUSZ.C'illRTC.C'iTHR, CIS, DAYS, OELOEP.OMTAVE,
      5             OHTMAX.OMTMlN.nf T S I G , OULCOL , ROL R I G , OOL TON ,
      6             DOLTS.ORDPAY.IJRfJVRT.DSLC.OH.EVENT.FINOAY,
      7             fLATN()rFLTLTM,FX,FY,HISC12,HISC13,HISCl',,
      H             HISC22,HISC23,HI',C2'i,HlSC32,HISC33,HISC3'.,
      9             H1SC<.2,HI SC'.S.IHSC'iA
      COMMUN /BD/ HIST01,HISTUUHISTU2,HliTU3,HISTU«,
      1             IC(H FR, IN, INCHMT, IOU, IRUNNO.I TIML.JDW.JTRC,
      2             JTRL.JTRPCL , J TRPRC, K ,K2,K'i , K5,K APTS ,K I NTRK ,
      1             KINrRL,KSTMFS,KTMOP,PAXLa,NA,NAREA,NC,NDA,
      *             NOR,NN,N(JRUT,NOFLTS,NDTRC,NnTRC?,NOTRK,
      5             NniKL,NOVRri,NOVRT2,NOVRT3,NT,DNCE,[IPTM,
      6             (JRHK.nvPAYL ,C!VRTM,PAYLHR,PERUN, PNDMU , PNDS I G ,
      7             PR I) FLT, CO, Ul, 02, 03, 0
-------
                                                                                                       53
    n (i A'> i i 20i), 2cs. /oh
    II WN'O
    (,(  II,  2CC
    r Al L  PACK! II'V-N, 1MRSI ,L/\SI )
    IXX I AST .IP
    CAII  UNPACK | ICIIHH  IXX    I.JP.JSI
    ( M I  PAf K I H URH  I XX    I , JP.OI
    (,l  Id  200
    I Ml
G6HIJ  KML
0690  KML
0700  KML
07)0  RML
0'20  RML
0730  HHL
07*0  RML
0750  RHL
0760  RML
 I T(  "I M(l»
    Ml UK I HI I INI  Xf MOVI ( I UNO, IP, 1 U UN )

    (.ClPNflN  AND nmNSI'N FOR  LIST PROCESSING ROOTINFS

    < CfMON  ll'llf,,  K Al I)H , ICHECK, ICI OCK , 1COHE , I OOMM2, I IHJMM* , IFR5T2
    r CMMilN  II RSI',, I I HSTH, IIJVKI'U, I I IME 1, I 1 IMF />, I TYPE2, JHUG, J CHECK
    ClffllN  f"X(l'l,MAXINT,MAXI,IIYPIl
    nlKINSIIN  ll.l.R!  ( nOfll .  CORfl'jOl
    V CHI VM t N( I (  IfllHf .(.(IRE I
    ((("•UN  »Ml lllf'ENSIIIN FOR  SlflllAllON

    (_( PH(]H  /IK!/ A<), ACHf ,nHALOS,«N( T YP , ANHHUN , ANORUT tASNIJPT >
   1              »ASSUN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AXl,AXZ,AYl,AYi,B,r,CL.CLKTM,
   2              Cdl F Ht- i tlJLHKiLOl MlK.tUL IH; .CUMPAPiCONAiCONB,
   1              f CjN( , r HMD iCI'Nf iCHNT, COS',DLif.llRACK.CGSLND,
   <,              CKtwTS.CHUS/iCSt-RTCiCSIHRiCTSiDAYSiUFlDtP.DMTAVEi
   S              DCTMAX.DMVMIN.OMISlf, ,()(JLtl)L tDOLR If. > DHL 'ON >
   t,              lifJLTStl)fl)PAY,DKfJVRT,nsLC,DW,FVENt,FINDAY,
   7              FLA[N              NCFHliNUVRll ,NOVHI2,NnVRn,UT ,ONCt tOPTMt
   6              IIKHR,UVPAYLlI)VKIMlPAYLBRlPEKUNfPNDMUlPNOSIGf
   7              pRiin i ,co,gi,Q?,m,Q',,o'i,u6,07,an,a9,Qio.
   H              01liUMAX,CUiUII|AVCt(iUlMAXtOUlMlNiUUISIGt
   9              (JUIIMC ,UUITIM,OUI2tR,ROVHAX,R&VMIN,RI(,KA
    (.(IF'fllN  /HI)/ Rll,KH,RIGHAX,RIGVlL,RKA,RK;AA,RKFitRKHF),RKCCt
   I              R()AI)IS,IIMXOSR,RMXOSF,RNI),RUNNO,'jr,()LMI_,SMWRKT,
   /              SR|f,Ml.'jlAI,STMFSI,STRFH|,SUMRUti SUMTRK,
   )              lAHIA.IHALU', .TlfljTIPFUrtNtrYP, TNUFIUN,
   i,              l(]HA(;l,l(lTf(iS,IllF!UN,lnTHI,TRC,rRC>     .AY2I25), R ( 10 ) ,CCL I 6) .CFJLMLK ( 4 )  ,
   3            CMRACRI             FIISC2'»(16),HISC32I16I,HISC33I16),H]SC3'-(16),
   6            HlSC42<16>,HISCM(16I.HISC,ROADIS(25),STAT(90l
    nlCCNSITN  IlMlltOI   ,TF)NAGbl6)  ,TOTWT(50)  ,TRC(60)    ,TR1P(90)
   1             IHKLDI50I  .TRLI60I    ,TSTH(10001,HATEI 501  ,
   ?             OAYSI2.3),  ITlHLI2,12li  QUI TTFK50.6 I ,  RKAAl',,2).
   3            RKHOCi,2),   RKCC I 
-------
      I./HI  PA( K I l> I.U1 I   IXK    ) , IP , I ',(>(. (
      I XX-- I S(K > (('
      (.«! I  IINI'M KIM 0"l  (  f XX    I , Jl', IS I
      (All  ('«( K< II I1IU I   IXX    I , I I'Hn, JS I
      l» x. HIM • IP
      II  ( HI I  IXX    ) ' 1
      (,(,  II] 10?
      FM:
                                                                        OH/11 HHII
                                                                        OB tU KMIJ
                                                                        ot*c) nun
                                                                        0850 HMO
                                                                        OHM) HMD
                                                                        08 fO RMO
                                                                        0880 HMD
                                                                        0890 HMO
tllll l( RPf HI
      suriKiiur INF  RANMI RII ,NI
C         UNKIIKM KAMjflM  I' KtPU I«f I (IN OF FIRST  N INTEGERS
      OIPFNSICN 1(11
      l:r  H  1 = 1,N
     H I f I I -I
      (,f  20  |»I,N
      NN -->N- I t 1
      J'=FII)AI(NNI"HNM(IOI«FL')AU I I
      K=l I I I
      I II I'll J)
   ?n i. u)>K
      Kl IIJHN
      FM:
                                                                        0010 PPR
                                                                        0020 DPR
                                                                        00)0 RPR
                                                                        00*10 RPR
                                                                        0050 RPR
                                                                        0060 RPR
                                                                        0070 RPR
                                                                        0080 RPR
                                                                        0090 RPR
                                                                        0100 RPR
                                                                        0110 RPR
                                                                        0120 RPR
                                                                        0130 RPR
                                                                        OlICHtCKrir. LOCKflCUREi IDUMM2, ll)UMM ,TRC(60)    ,tRIPI90l
                  TRKLD(bO)  ,m<60)   , T S IM( 1000 1 , WA IE ( 50)  ,
                  UAYSI2.3I, ITIKL(2,12), OUI I TMI 50, 6 ) ,  RKAAC.,2),
                  RKPD«i,2l,  HKCC («,2) , TARFAI 50,3 I , THALUSI 50, 3) ,
                  IIMfUI2,12),  INtTYP(50,3) , INOHUNI 50, 3 I
       FMPENSICN  TUTI60.6I
       IF IXYXZ .EO.-218. IGQ TO 201
       XYX7 =  -2«8

       CO 210  I  =  1,60
       rr 211  j  =  1,6
       TLTI 1 , J I  =  0.0
0010 RGB
0020 RGB
0030 RGB
0040 RGB
0050 RGB
0060 RGB
0070 RGB
0080 RGB
0090 RGB
0100 RGB
0110 RGB
0120 RGB
0130 RGB
0140 RGB
0150 RGB
0160 RGB
0170 RGB
0180 RGB
0190 RGB
0200 RGB
0210 RGB
0220 RGB
0230 RGB
02*0 RGB
0250 RGB
0260 RGB
0270 RGB
0280 RGB
0290 RGB
0300 RGB
0310 RGB
0320 RGB
0330 RGB
03*0 RGB
0350 RGB
0360 RGB
0370 RGB
0380 RGB
0390 RGB
0*00 RGB
0*10 RGB
0*20 RGB
0*30 RGB
0**0 RGB
0*50 RGB
0*60 RGB
0*70 RGB
0*BO RGB
0*90 RGB
0500 RGB
0510 RGD
0520 RGB
05JO KGB
05*0 RGB
0550 RGB
0560 RGB
0570 RGB
0580 RGB
0590 RGB
0600 RGB
0610 RGB
0620 RGB
O630 RGB
06*0 KGB
0650 RGB
0660 KGB

-------
                                                                                               55
211 MM INllI
210 ( I1M I Nil I

?f)l I IMJAY  -  fl.
    If  (JDW.Nl . 1 I  GU 10 H
  B KMAK •=  I IMI (NT ) « .5
    .ITRC*TKC INI>«.5
    STA|IJIKC)  *  8
    JT HI»IRI INI )t.5
    ST Al I.ITKL I  »  10
    t,U 1 TMC I IIRC I  «  KBAK
    X I 01 -  IMJI TM(.I JTRC I - 08
    XI 1 I '  XIOI/60.
    IF 1X101.I F.480.)  GO TO  100
    WR ITLI I 111). 1 10)  JTKC.X11 I
110 IOUM/ITI1H ,7HTKACTnH, I6.29H  IS ON OVERTIME HAVING  WORKED,F8.2,
   1 6H  HOURS)
    XI 1 I =  X I 11  - 8.0
    M3 = X11 1  •  1.0
    IF IM ».(,! .31  M3  =  3
    If i  -  M 3
    IF IYM3.ro. TrjTIJTKC.JDW) )  GO  TO 100
    IF IM). 1,1.2)  GO TO 803
    f,r 10  I HO 1,802),  M3
    rrTijiRi..)UM) = I.
    l)( 1 ) -  Ml 1 I  • 1.
    (,(. TO  IOC
    II  I HITI JIKC.jnwI.FU.1. I Gil  TO  220
    If  IIJTKC.JUMI » 2.
    11(21 i  BI2I  » 1.
    (,f  TO  1(10
    III I I •  Ull)  - 1.
    T(  I  I JIHdJDW)  »  2.
    Ill 2 I "  111 2 I  » 1 .
    GC TU  100
    IF I TOT (JTKf.,jnw).EU.l-)  GO  TO 230
    IF I TOT IJTRC.JUHI.EQ.2.)  GO  TO 240
801


802



220



803

231


210

240
     TTTIJTRC,JUKI
     11 < 31  «  BID  «
     r,n  TO 100
     Hill =  fid) - 1
     GO  TO 2il
     II < 2 I  •  H I 2 )  - 1.
     Gf  TO 231
                     3.
1.



C

c



c

c











100

10



20

35



30







50
99

DO 10 1 = 71,90
IT ISTATI ll.FOU?. 1 GO TO 20
COM INUF

r,r TO 50

DC 3"> J > 51, NOTHC2
IF ISTAT 1 J).E0.8. ) GO TO 30
CCMINUE

Gf] TO 50

NT " J
IVFNTINT) « 7
T 1 PI 1 NT 1 - KHAK » 10
TRt INT ) * \
TRCINTI . J
ST «T INI I - 9
Sf AT 1 1 I - 11
GO TO 99
F INDAY-99.
Rl TURN
[NO
0 h 1U KGB
OhHf) HOB
0690 RGB
OPOO RGB
0710 KGB
0720 RGB
0710 RGB
0740 RGB
0750 RGB
0760 KGB
0770 RGB
0780 RGB
0790 RGB
0800 RGB
0810 RGB
0820 RGB
0830 «GB
0840 RGB
0850 RGB
0860 RGB
OH70 RGB
0880 RGB
0890 RGB
0900 RGB
0910 RGB
0920 KGB
0930 HGB
0940 RGB
0950 RGB
09fcO RGB
0970 KGB
0980 RGB
0990 KGB
1000 RGB
1010 RGB
1020 RGB
1030 RGB
1040 RGB
1050 RGB
1060 RGB
1070 RGB
1080 RGB
1090 RGB
1100 RGB
1110 RGB
1120 RGB
1130 RGB
1140 RGB
1150 RGB
1160 RGB
1170 RGB
HBO RGB
1190 RGB
1200 RGB
1210 RGB
1220 RGB
1230 RGB
1240 RGB
1250 RGB
1260 RGB
1270 RGB
1280 RGB
1290 RGB
1300 RGB
1310 RGB
1320 RGB
1330 RGB
1340 RGB
      R IGO»
      SUBHOOT INI  R I GOUT

     COMMON AND DIMENSION  FOK  LISI PROCESSING ROUTINES

     COMMON I HUG, ICALOR, I CHECK , I CLOCK , I CORE , I DUMM.2 , IDUMH4 , I FRST2
     COMMON IFRST4.IFRST8, IC1VRHU, I T I ME 1, I T I Mfc2. I TYPE2 , JBUG, JCHECK
     CCMMON MAXCRE.MAXlNT.MAXT.lTYPE 1
     UIMFNSICN ICOKFI1000),  COREI50)
     FCUIVALFNCF(ICORE,CORE)
     COMMON ANC DIMENSION  FOR SIMULATION

     COMMON /BD/ A9,ACRE,AHALOS,ANETYP,ANOHUN,ANORUT,ASNUPT,
    1             AASSUN,A$SSUN,ASSUNK,AX1,AX2,AY1,AY2,B,CCL,CLKTM,,
    2             COLFRE,COIHR,COLMLK,COITMZ,COM,PAP,CONA,CONB,
    3             CONC,CONO,CONE,CONF,COSCOL,CORACR,COSLND,
    4             CREHTS.CRUS/.CSHRTC.CSTHR.CTS.OAYS.DELDEP.OMTAVE.
    5             [>MTMAX,OMTMIN,OmSlG,DOt.COL,DOLRIG,DOl_TON,
    6             DOLTS,URO°AY,OROVRT,DSIC,DW,EVENT,FINDAY,
    I             H-ATNO,Fl.TLTMtFX,FY,HISC12,HISC13,H!SC14.
                                                                          0010  RGO
                                                                          0020  RGO
                                                                          0030  KGO
                                                                          0040  RGO
                                                                          0050  RGO
                                                                          0060  RGO
                                                                          0070  RGO
                                                                          0080  RGO
                                                                          0090  RGO
                                                                          0100  RGO
                                                                          OHO  RGO
                                                                          0120  RGO
                                                                          0130  RGO
                                                                          0140  RGO
                                                                          0150  RGO
                                                                          0160  RGO
                                                                          0170  RGO
                                                                          0180  RGO
                                                                          0190  KGO
                                                                          0200  ROD
                                                                          0210  KGO
                                                                          0220  ISO

-------
     II              II TM t t ,\- I S( 1 ),HI ',( ,",,HlSr. i 2, HI St. )3iMISC t4,
     '*              M I ',( <* ^ f M Sf '. 1 1 H I SL <, '.
      ( PKWiiN /I'l /  HtSlhl ,l< I Sllll ,11 I ',tU2,Hl SIU J.HI STU4,
     T              lClH(K,IN,IM(,KMl,inu,IRUNNO,IFI*L,JOW,JtRC.
     7              MHI , lIKPt.L t J FRI'KI,,K ,K2iK4,K5f KAPIS>KINIRK ,
     i              KlNm ,Kr,IMF S.K IPUP.PAXLCtNAiNARtAtNtiNDA,
     4              NCR . NN, NOR LI I .NO I I TStMlTRC , NO F RC2 .NO FRK ,
     5              NCIHI ,NIWR t 1 ,NOVR F2.NOVR! J.NT ,ONCF .OPT*.
     6              OHHH.OVI'AYL.OVKIK.PAYLBR.PFRUN.PNOMU.PNmtG.
     I              HRHH 1,1.0,1)1.02,03,114,05,06,07,08,1)9,0.10,
     H              011,OMAX,CO,OU1AVF,OUIMAX,OOIM1N,OOISIG,
     9              OlJIlMr,GUlFIM,OUF2,R,RGVKAX,RGVMIN,RlGKA
      I C*M)N /Ml)/  HI(,HF1,K|G»«AX1RIGVFI,RKA,RKAA,RKH.KKH|1,RKCC.
     1              RnM)Ic,,HMXUSR,RPXU'bT,RNO,RONNO,SCOl.ML.$MHRKF,
     2              SKIf.Ml.StAF.SIMISF.SIRFML.SOMRUF, SOMFRK,
     ^              lARFA.THALOb.UWI.FIPFO.FNF TYPiINOHUNt
     '•              FONAGF, inltdS, !(jl ttlN,IOIWT,TRCtTRCSIN,TRFSi
     •)              IRHm,rHFMLtlKr[M/,|KIP,INK[)AY,tRKlU,TRLi
     6              TRtnAi , iRpciii , IRPH in .iRi'tM, t SCOST.TSHR,
     f              ISIHCA,!S!M,IX,rY,UNACRF,UtHTY,V6LHAX,
     H              vriMN,VtLMimtV(IWUTiVFI. SOKi VELSr.Tt MATEi
     '<              HAU / ,HI , XDAY, YR S
      DIM Nr, I (IN   AHALDSI 21)) .ANETYPI 25 ) , ANOHUNI 25) f ANORUTI 25)
     I             ASNIJPT 125) ,AAS5UN(25I ,AX1(25)    .AX2I25)
     f             AYM,''))    fAY2(2'i),  HI IO),CCL(6) tCOLMLKCi)
     1             I.URACKI4I  ,C1S(6)     ,EVENT(60)  fHISC12(16l
     «             HIS(HI16),HISCHI16).HISC22(16),HISC?3(16)
     •>             HISC^'.I 16) ,HISC 321 1ft I.HISCUI 161 .H1SC3M 16)
      (JlfFNSIf)N
     1
     ?
     )
HISFO1(161,HISFU2I16I,HISIU3(16),HIST04(16)
OPIMI60I   .OVRFMI50)  .PERONI4)   ,00(50)
 OUI!M(. I60),(JOI2I500I,ROAOISI25).STATI90)
TIHH60)   .FONAGFI6)  .TOTHTI50)  .TRCI60)    .TRIPI90I
IKKIUI50)  .FRLI60)    ,TSTMI 1000 I,WAIF 150) .
DAYSI2.3I.  IFIHLI2.12).  ODI I IMI 50,6 I,  RKAAI4.2),
RKRBI4.2I,   RKCCI4,2),TAREA(50,3),IHALDS(50,3),
          2),  TNETYP(50,3I, TNOHUNI50.3)
    9 TRPRir,  »  THI'KIG • 1.
      )IHL -  THI INT )
      JIHC «  IUCINT)
      IR1PI.IIHL I  i  TRIP! JTRL)  «  1.
      GAIL RANtPMIDNCF , TRFS.RDPTMI
      IF  I THLHAI .(.T.RMXUSK )  00 TO R6- )4 )5<<718J6 I
      X15 = f 15
   10 K 1-K 1« 18 1467
      K IsK 1-(K 1/f 351 «M35
       RE IUKN
       FSC
                                                           RNNR  000
                                                           RNNR  010
                                                           RNNR  020
                                                           RNNR  030
                                                           RNNK  040
                                                           RNNR  050
                                                           RNNR  060
                                                           RNNR  070
                                                           RNNR  080
                                                           RNNK  090
                                                           RNNK  100
                                                           RNNR  110
                                                           RNNR  120
                                                           RNNR  130
•IPFTC RUNDI*
                   RUNOAT
                                                           0010RONO
                                                           0020RUND
                                                           0030RUNO

-------
    C UPXUN  »M> DIPfNSIliN  KlK (IS!  PK(CISSINO RUUllWS

    r OPMfIN  II'UI,, 1C Al I;H, ICHI CK , 1C I OCK , H.URF , IL1UMM2. IOUHM4, 1FRST2
    f ( PMIIN  MRS i<, ,iiKr>Tii,i(ivKHi!,iTiPFi,iTi*F2,iTYPF2,jBUG .JCHICK
    I I'PPTN  PAXf Kl ,l"AXINI,MA»l,ITYPI 1
    DIPINSHN  luiRiitoori,  (IIRMSOI
    i cui VAI i M i ( ir.iiRt ,(.ORF i
    CUPPON  AND OIPINSION  FOR SIMULATION

    (I PMDN  /hi)/ A9,ACHl,AHAtl)S,ANFTYP,ANOHUN,ANOHUT,ASNUPT,
   I              AASSUN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AXltAX2,AYl,AY2,B,CCl,CLKTN,
   2              r.fll F RF ,( III I'M, f 1)1 PI K, COL TMZ ,COMPAP,CnNA,CUNB,
   )              (.(INI .CIINO.r UNI ,f(lNF .COSCOL ,CUR ACR,CUSLNO,
   4              LRIMTS,(.HIIS/,(SIIHTC,C sniH.CTS.UAYS.uriDFp.DMTAvF,
   S              DM TM AX, CM If IN. DM IS 1C, ,001 CIJL , DULR I (, , IIUL T ON ,
   6              Dili TS.ORDPAY.UKIIVKT ,C SLC ,t)H.E VFM ,F INDAY,
   »              FIAINn,FLTItM,IX,(Y,HISC12,HlSC13,HISCl«i,
   II              H ISC?/i III SC? ),Hr,C24,HI SC. )?,HI SC 1 I, HI SC34,
   9              HI SL42.HI SL4 tiHI SCt*
    (IIPPIIN  /H[i/ HI S 11)1 ,H| STUI ,ll| STU2.Hl STU3.HI SIU4 ,
                 ICUI IK, IN. IMCKMT,IOU,IRUNNO,1TIML.JDH,JTRC,
                 I I R I , I I M I' f I .JIKI'KI, ,K,K?,K*lKSlKAI>TS.KINrKKi
                 KIN'RI,KSTMFS,MPUI',PAXIU,NA,NARFA,NC ,NOA.
   <.              N(]K,NN,MIRUI  ,N(H I t S , NO I KC , Nil T «C '/ ,NO I «K ,
   S              NO I HI  .NUVKT 1  iNHVKT2iNOVKr 1. NT , IJNCfc ,01'TM,
   6              URHK.UVI'AYl ,UVI( IM.PAYLHK , Pf RUN , PNUMU , PNUS I G ,
   I              PRHII  r, 00, Ul, 0?, CjJ,a. 06,07, «H,U'), 010.
   n              (Jl 1 .UMAX ,CO,UUI AVI .OUIMAX.UUIMIN, UU I blG.
   1              UUI IM(, ,OUI I IH.UUtJ.H.RC-VMAX.RCVMIN.Klr.KA
    COHMUN  /Hn/ KICKIl.R IGMAX.R IGVFL , RKA , HKAA ,RKH .HKHB ,RKCC .
   1              HOADIS.flMXDSR.RMXDSI.RNn.RUNNO.SCULML.SMHRKT,
   2              MUr,ML,STAT,STHFST,STRFML,SUMRur,SUMrRK.
   3              lAmA.THALOS.TIKF.TIHEO.INfTYPtlNUHUN,
               MISf.^«(16).HISC12ll6l,MISC33(16),HISC3<,(16).
   6            HISC',2(l'il,HISC'.JI16l,HISC'i'i(l6),HIST01(16),
   '            HISnj 1116),HlsrU2(16),HISTU3ll6),HlSH)  ft ./( (II I Rl
    li  (Noinr.Nt .01
    ii icui i m .m.2.
                      r,n  KJ 21 ;
                     i  (,o ru 2u
                                                                           OOiOHUNU
                                                                           OO'jORUNI)
                                                                           00 /ORDND
                                                                           OOBORUNU
                                                                           0090RUNO
                                                                           0100RUNO
                                                                           01 If) RUN!)
                                                                           0120KIINI)
                                                                           01 ) OR UNO
                                                                           OltORUNR
                                                                           01 VJRUNI)
                                                                           OI60PUNO
                                                                           01 70RUNO
                                                                           01HORUNU
                                                                           0190RUMJ
                                                                           0200RUNU
                                                                           0210HUNO
                                                                           0220RUND
                                                                           0230RUND
                                                                           02".OKUNU
                                                                           0250RUNO
                                                                           0260»UNU
                                         1RIHAL,RUNNO,K,NOTKC,09,alO

                                            TRLHALtRUNNU,K,NUFHC,U9.UIO
201
202 DAYSLT  » 3.
20) (,(  III 20'j
H", IIAYSLf  = *.
^05 SfiS  = 0.
206 i;r  20H  I - l.NAHFA
20 I S(.S  ' S6S » ANOHUNI I )
206 U;M INUC
    A»FP[)I>  ^ (PtHUNIl)  «PERUN12I  »PERUNI3) • PERUNCil) / A.
209 /NfvNN • S6S • PNOMU  •  OAYSLC  •  AVEPOP • COLFRE • 10.
    NCIKC = ZNNNN /  I 6. *R I(,MAX« I69.-TRLHAL ) I
211 IF INUTHC.LT.2) NOTRC  * 2
212 IF  (N(IIRC.GI.IO)  r,0  TO 2U
213 Or  TO 21?
21". KR lit I HU,215I
215 FUHMATI1H .67HMORF  THAN 10  TRACTORS NEEOFD,  AREA BEING  SIMULATED
    1UST  11 F  SPALLFR.)
    ST( p
21 f N( TRL2  = NOTRC *  50
    IRLINNI)  " RUNN'J
    JSN  " ASSSUN  « 1.
    (,l  TU (10.11,11).  JSN
  10 Hlf.PAX  > ') '< ') 
-------
58
                  • I H r F (  ', I A (. •
                        MIIIWIHIFINF  SMC 1N1,N,>,X,M) AN , > I (,,MAX f MIN )
                        HIM NMClN  XIII
                        M t A L Ml AN,MAX,WIN
                        NCI=N7-N1
                        N I ,NM|t 1
                        XNiN I
                        MAX-XIN1 I
                        MN'XINI I
                        MI AN = n.
                        VAH'0.
                        II' 10  1  •  NI.N2
                                  F. MAX I  Gl] II)  5
                                .r,f .MINI r,o TO  9
                                I
   IF I XI I
   MAX-XI
   (,( IU
 5 IF (XI |
   MIN»X(
 9 Ml AN = MtAN»X| I I
   VAR'VARtXI I I «X( I )
10 UIMINUF
   Ml AN = MF AN/XN
   SH.'SOHF ( VAR/XN  -  MFAN'MFANI
   Rl TURN
   F Nil
 0010  SIC
 00?0  StC
 oo>o  src
 0040  SIC
 00">0  StC
 0060  STC
 0070  STC
 0080  SIC
 0090  STC
 0100  STC
 0110  STC
 0130  STC
 OHO  STC
 oi*o  src
 0150  SIC
 0160  STC
 0170  STC
 0180  STC
 0190  STC
 0200  src
 0210  STC
 0220  STC
 0230  STC
 0240  STC
                  unrtc T«HI«
                         SUBROUTINE  TAIH 1
                  c
                  C     COMMON  AND  DIMENSION FOR USt  PROCESSING ROUTINES
                  C
                        COMMON  IBUC.ICALOK, I CHFCK , 1 CLOCK , I CORE , I OUM,M,2 , 1 DUM.M4 , I FRST2
                        COMMON  lFRST4,IFRSTB,tOVRHO,mMEl,ITIMF2, I T VPfc 2 , JBUG, JCHECK
                        CnCKON  MAXCRE,MAXINT,MAXT,I!YPE1
                        DIKfNSICN  ICORFI IOOCI ,
                        f CUIVAL FNCH K,t)«F .CORE I
                        CflPMON  AND DIMENSION FOR  SIMULATION
                                /HO/ «>),ACRF,AHAlOS,ANFTYP,ANnHUN,ANORllT,ASNUPT,
                       I             AASI>UN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AXl,AX?,AVliAV2,8,CCL.CLKTM,
                       2             CnLFRF,C(JLHR,C()LMLK,C()LTMZ,COMPAP,CriNA,CONHi
                       3             CONC,(.ONr>tC(INr,CONF-,COSCOL,CORACR,COSLND,
                       4             CRtWTS,r,RUSZ,CSHKTC,CSTHR,CTS.DAVStOELOEP,DMTAVEt
                       *>             LmtMAX.UKTMIN.fJMTSIG.DOLCOL.OOLRlG.DOLTfmt
                       ft             DO LrStnRFJPAYiURriVRTtOSLCtDW, EVENT, F INOAY,
                       1             FLArNF!,HLTLTM,rX,FY,HISC12,HISC13,HISClJTRPRG,K,K2,K'itK5,KAPTS>KINTRKf
                       i             KINrRL.KSTMFS.KTHDP.PAXLaiNA.NAHEA.NC.NOA,
                       4             NnR,NN,NORl)r,NOFLTS.NOrRC.NOTINDS IG,
                       7             PR ItFLI, 00, 01,02, 03, 04, 1)5, 06, 07, 08, 09, 010,
                       R             Q11,QMAX,OQ,UIIIAVC,QUIMAX,QUIMIN,OUIS1G,
                       1             UUI TMC.gUI rrn,(JUT2,R,f!
                       6            HISC?4(lft),HISCJ2(l6l,HISCU(16l,HlSC14ll6l,
                       6            HISC42I 1AI,HISC4)( 16I.HISC44I 16I.HISTD1I16I,
                        7            mSTUl(16l,HISfU?ll6l,HISTU3(16l,HISTU4(16l,
                       8            OPTHI60)   ,OVRTM(50) ,PERUN(4I   ,00(50)     .
                       9             OU1TMCI60),OUT?I300),ROAOISI25I,STAT(90I
                        UIMFNSICN  T1HEI60)   ,T(JNAGE(6I ,TOTHT(50)  .TRCI601    .TRIPI90I
                        1            TRKLOI50)  .TRL160I    , TSTM ( 1000 1 , WATF ( 50 1  ,
                       2            DAYSI2.3),  ITINLI2,12), QUI TTM ( 50 , 6 I , RKAAI4.2I,
                       3            RKRBI4.2I,   RKCC ( 4 , 2 I , T ARE A( 50. 3 I , THALOS ( 50, 3 I ,
                       4            TIMFQI 2, 12),  TNETYP(50,3),  TNOHUN(50,3I
                         CC  100 I * l.NAREA
                         IF 1010.EC.0.) GO  TO  10
                         AHAL()S(l) = (ABS(AXl(l)-AX2ll))«ABSIAYlllt-AY2(I)]«ROADIS(l))
                        1      /  5280.
                         X  =. AHALCSI I I
                         IF IX.GL. l.?5)Gll TO 21
 0010
 0020
 0030
 0040
 0050
 0060
 0070
 0080
 0090
 0100
 0110
 0120
 01 30
 0140
 0150
 0160
 01 70
 0180
 0190
 0200
 0210
 0220
 0230
 0240
 0250
 0260
 0? 70
 0280
 0290
 0300
 0310
 0320
 0330
 0340
 0350
 0360
 0370
 0380
 0390
 0400
 0410
 04?0
 0430
 0440
 0450
 0460
 0470
 0480
 0490
 0500
 0510
 0520
 0530
, 0540
 0550
 0560
                                                                              TB!
                                                                              TB1
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TB1
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TB!
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              FBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              FBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
                                                                              TBI
  0570 TBI
  0580 TBI
  0590 TBI
  0600 TBI
  0610 TBI
  0620 TBI
  0630 TBI
  0640 TBI
  0650 TBI
  Ofc',0 TBI

-------
                                                                                                  59
      l,(  FIJ  21
   10 AI'AI IJSI I I  • FRLHAL
      X  --  A X A L I, S I I >
   21
      NC
            ANF I Yl'l I )
            cm i nt
      AASSDM
      AASSDM
      AM1RU1 (
      NF HI/I  •
   60 AM1HUM
      ASMJPI I
      Y  lASNU
      II  I Y.I
      WHIM  '  MMRDF
      f,(.  Ill  60
  100 ( F NI INUI

      m TIIKN
      FM)
   KKAAINN.NCI  *  IRKBBINN.NCI>X)  »IHKCCINN,NCI•X«X I
    ASSIINK  •  AASSUM 11
        ANDMUNI I I/AASSUM I I
ANURUT II)  >  0.75
    MCIKDI
    Af.cli'INI I ) /ANIIRUI I I  I
I I I I
. 1400. I GFI  FD  1 00
        1
0670  IBI
06HO  FBI
06VO  FBI
0700  FBI
0710  FBI
0720  FBI
07)0  FBI
0740  FBI
0750  TBI
0760  TBI
0770  tBl
0780  TBI
0790  TBI
OHOO  IBI
0810  FBI
OH20  TBI
0830  TBI
0840  TBI
0850  TBI
0860  TBI
HBFTC  TAB2«
       SUBROUTINE  TAB12

      fnCNON AND IIIPI-NS ll'N  FOR LISI PROCESSING ROUTINES

      CfMNHN I BUG,ICAl OR,I CHECK,1 CLOCK,I CORE,10UMM2,IFHJMM4,IFRST2
      (.F1CMUN irRST4,IFRSI8,lnVRHF),IFIHtl,ITIMt2,IFYPfc2,JBUG,JCHECK
      CCJMfUN HAXfRF,MAXINT,MAXT,IFYPtl
      DIPCNSICN IUIRE ( 1000) ,  CURE 150)
      FCUIVALFNU (ICfJI'l  .CORF)
      CnPPON ANF) DIMENSION  FOR SIMULATION

      r.CKMDN /DO/ A9, Af.RF.AHALFJS, ANETYP, ANOHUN, ANORUT , ASNUPT ,
      1             AASMJN,ASSSUN,ASSUNK,AX1,AX2,AY1,AY2,B,CCL,CLKTM,
      2             CFH IRE,COIHR,CULCLK,COLTK7.COMP&P,CUNA,CUN8,
      )             COM. ,f, riND,C(JNF,CUNF,COSCnL,CORAC R.CUSINE),
      4             r.RtWFS,f.KIJS/,CSH«TC,CSTHR,CTS,DAY$,DFLDEP.DMTAVE,
      5             UMFMAX.UMTMIN,OPISIG,DE)LC()L,nOLRIGtOULTON,
      6             (JOL !S,l)RDPAY,l)R(IVRF,OSLC,l)W,EVtNT,F INOAY,
      I             FLAINO,FLTLTM,rx,FY,HISC.12,MISCl),HISC14,
      8             H !',(.? 2, HI SC2),M[SC24,HISC32,HISC)3,HISC34,
      9             MlSC42.HISC4),HISC44
      CtifMUN /BOX HISFni,HISTUl,HISTU2,HISTU3,HISTU4,
                    If OLI R, INt I NORM I , IOU.1RUNNU, ITIHL.JUH,JTRCt
       [) IfTNS ICN
       l)|fEN',l(IN
    KINFRL,KSIMrS,KIMDP,CAXLQ,NA.NARE»,NC,NOA,
    NI!R,NN,NnRUF,NOILTS,NOTRC,NnTRC2,NOTRK,
    NUTRL.NOVRTl.NUVRT2,NOVRT3,NT,ONCE,OPTM,
    aRHR,OVPAYL,FJVRTM,PAYLBR,PtRUN,PNDMU,PNDSIG,
    PRBFLT.UO,01,02,U3,U4,Q5,Q6,07,08,09,010,
    (J11,U«AX,QO,OUIAVF.,OUIMAX,OUIMIN,OUIS1G,
    OUITMC.CUITIMtOUIZ.R.RGVMAX.RGVMlN.RIGKA
    RIGKfl,Rlr,t«AX,RIGVEL,RKA,RKAA,RKB,RKBB,RKCC,
    RDADIS.RNXUSR.RUXFISF.RNO.RUNNO.SCLILML.SMMRKT,
    SrtlGMt,SIAT,STMF ST,STRFML, SUMRUT ,SVJMTRK,
    TARE-A.THALF)S.rlMElTIHEO,TNtTYP,TNOHUNi
    FONAGF,TOFCU!,,FIJTTFJN,TOTWT,TRC,TRCSIN,TRES,
    FRFHR,TMFfl,FRFIMZ,TRIP,TRKL)AY,TRKLU,TRL,
    IRLHAL, TMPC (Jl.TRPR 1C, TRPTM,TS"C CIST, TSHR,
    TSLHPA,TSTM,FX,IY,UNACRC,UTILTY,VELMAX,
    VCLMIN,VELMUR,VFLHUT,VELSGR,VELSGT,WATE,
    MATE-/ ,XT , XFJAY, YRS
   AMALUS(75),AM£FY1M25),ANOHUM25I,ANORUTI25»,
   ASNUPI I 25 I.AASSUNI25I,AX1 I 25 I   ,AX2(25I    ,
   *YU?M    .AY7I751,  B< 10 > ,Cf.L 1 6 ) .COIMLK I 4 )  ,
   CIJRArR|4l .CFSI6I     ,EV(NT(60) ,HISC12(16),
   H1SCM(16),HISC14I16I,H15C22I16),H1SC23(16),
   HISC?'. (161,III SO2I16I,HI SC 33(161,HI SC34I16),
   HIS(.4?(16I.HIsr.4)(lM,HISC44(16I.HIST()l(16),
   HISIIJ1 ( 16) ,HI SIU2I 16) ,HI STU3I 16) ,HI STU4I 16) ,
   DPTHI/iO)   ,(IVRTM(50)  ,P(RUN(4)  ,00(50)     ,
    UUIIMC(60>,OltF2MflO),RnADIS(25),STAT(90)
   TIMII60)   .I(INAfiFI6l  .FOFHFI50) ,TRC(60I    ,TRIP(90)
   TRKL1K50I ,FRL(60)    , F S T H ( 1000 I , H A T E ( 50 )  ,
   l)AYi(7,1),  1I1MI(2,12),  UUI T IMI50.6 ) ,  RKAA(4,2I,
   RKBBI '< ,2  I .   RKr.C(4,?),lARFA(50,3),THALOSI50,3),
   Flneu(2,12), INE.TYPI 50,31 ,  TNQHUM50,3)
       E)C 10  I  =  l.NAREA
       SOfRUT  =;  SUMRUT  » ANORUT(l)
    10 CCNFINUE

       1RKOAY  -  SUMRUT  • CCLFRE
       NCFRK  =  (TRKDAY/6. • 0.99)
       XHAY =  NCTRK
       IF INOTRK.r.T. 501  GO TO 210
0010 TB2
0020 TB2
0030 TB2
0040 TB2
0050 TB2
0060 TB2
0070 TB2
OOHO TB2
0090 TB2
0100 TB2
0110 TB2
0120 TB2
0130 TB2
0140 TB2
0150 TB2
0160 TB2
0170 TB2
01BO T82
0190 TB2
0200 TB2
0210 TB2
0220 TB2
0230 TB2
0240 TB2
0250 IB2
0260 TB2
0270 TB2
0280 TB2
0290 TB2
0300 TH2
0310 TB2
0320 TB2
03)0 TB2
0340 TB2
0350 TB2
0360 TB2
0370 TB2
0380 TB2
0390 T B 2
0400 TB2
0410 TB2
0420 T82
0430 TB2
0440 TB2
0450 TB2
0460 TB2
0470 TB2
0480 TB2
0490 TB2
0500 TB2
0510 TB2
0520 TB2
05)0 TB2
0540 TB2
0550  TB2
0560 FB2
0570 TB2
0580  FB2
0590 TB2
0600  IB2
0610 TEI2
0620 TB2
06)0 TB2
0640 TB2
0650 TB2
0660 TB2
0670 TB2
0680 TB2
0690 TB2

-------
6o

?1(.
ii


I 1















200
100

600

37

4 1
39


173








l 74
IBS




274

275
1 75





21 1

1,1 111 11
hk 1 II 1111,1,')
fMKMAIIll- ,6SHMI|RF THAN 50 IHUCKb NEFOiO
II HF SMAI 1 1 K. )
SII'P
ZN « 0
1= 1

(;r 100 * I.NUTRK
1)1 2CO • I. NOR
I AHI Al 1 J) • 1
Tt'JHIlSI J 1 - AHALOSIL)
INF 1 YPI J 1 * ANE TYPI L )
IKC HUM J) « AiNUPT ( L 1
/N = /N 1.
XI) - AN HUUl 1
IF 1/N.N(.X13) f,U Hi 200
It* « 0.
L ' L • 1
If I L .1 1 -NAKEA 1 GO 10 200
Ijl III ft 00
CI,KT IMJt
CTM INUf

JCOIK • rtlLFHI - 1.
00 Tu (37.47), JUILK
733 * 'SiOELDEPiOMrAVEi
                         5             DMTM.AX.DMTMlN.UMTSIG.OOLCOLtDOLRIG.OOLTUN,
                         6             UOLTS,ORDPAY,DROVRT,OSLC,DW,EVENTiFINDAY,
                         7             FLArNO,FLTLTM,FX.FY,FIISC12iHISCl3iMlSC14,
                         8             HISC22,HlSC23iHlSC24,HISC32,HlSC33iHISC34,
                         9             HISC42.HISC43iHISC44
                         COMMON  /BO/  HISTIM.HI STU 1, H 1 S TU2 ,H 1 S TU3, H I S TU4 .
                         1             ICOLFR,IN.1NCRMI,IOO.IRUNNO,ITIMLtJDW.JTRC,
                         2             JTRL,JTRPCLIKINTRK,
                         3             KlNIRL,KSTMFSiKIMDP,MAXLQ,NA,NAREA,NC,NI)A.
                         4             NCR,NN,NORUT,NOfLTS,NOTRCiNOTRC2iNOIKK,
                         5             NOTRL.NOVRTl,NOVRT2tNOVR!3iNTtONC£.UPTM,
                         6             URHR.OVPAYL,OVRIM,PAYLflRtPERUNtPNDMu,PNOSIGi
                         7             PRRFLI,UOI01>U2,03,64,05,06,07,08,^9,010,
0010 TBP
0020 TBP
0030 TBP
0040 TBP
0050 TBP
0060 TBP
0070 TBP
0080 TBP
0090 TUP
0100 TBP
0110 TBP
0120 TBP
0130 TBP
0140 TBP
0150 TBP
0160 TBP
0170 TBP
0180 fHP
0190 TBP
0200 TBP
0210 TBP
0220 TBP
0230 TBP
0240 TBP
0250 TBP
0260 TBP
0270 TBP
02HO TBP
0290 IBP
0300 TBP
OHO IBP

-------
61



























c
c

c





































c
c
c
c


c












c



































0021

8022





802 3









H024

8025


8026


802 7
8127



8028
8128



8030




8029
80 H








21
31








1 S,MMr,IIMfCJ,INtFYPf!NUHUN, 0370
4 ONAT.f , TDK IIS, TUT ION, IIII Wt , THC, TRCSIN, IRF S, 0380
r> PF IIII , Tl'l Ml , IRF | MZ , TH II', IPKOAY, 1 RKl [), IRL , 0390
ft Ml HAl , IWPUIl , IKI'R Id, IKHIM, IST.ilSI , TSMR, 0400
7 SI BPA, TSTM, IX, 1 Y.USACRF ,UI U TY.VFLMAX, 0410
H vi i MM, vr t HUH, vi i MUT .vrLsr.R, VFLSf.r ,HA IF , 0420
1 HAII / ,HT , XDAY, Yl< ', 0430
III ff Nr, 1 I,N AHAIIlS(25),ANI T YP | 25 I .ANIJHUNI ? ', ) , A NOR U I 1 2 5 1 , 0440
1 ASNUPI I 25 1 .AASSUN 1 25 1 ,AX1 I 25 1 .AX2I25I , 0450
2 AY1I25I .AY2I25I, B I 1 0 1 , CL L I 6 1 , ( OL Ml K I 4 1 , 0460
) f. RAIRI4I ,r.I'>!6l .FVfNTIAO) , H 1 SC 1 2 1 1 6 1 , 0470
4 HISt 1 31 16 ) .HISC 14 I 16 1 ,H 1 SC 221 1 fi } ,HI S(. 231 16 1 , 0480
5 Ml SC24I 161 .HISC 321 16 1 ,HI SC 331 161 ,HISC 341 16) , 0490
h HIS(.42U6> .HISC.4 M161 ,HlSC44( 1 (, ) ,HISU)1I 1 1> > , 0500
7 HI STU1 1 16) ,HI SIU2 ( 16 1 .HI STU 31 1 6 I ,Hl STU4 I 16 > , 0510
8 IIPIMIM)) .OVRTMI50I .PFRUNI4I ,UU(50) , 0520
9 OUMMCI60) ,(JUT2t 3001 ,RUADI 5125) ,STAT (901 0530
IMMINSKJN MM LI 60) , T I . N A G F ( 6 1 ,TOTwT(50) ,I4C(60) .TRIPI90) , 0540
1 FRKIDI50) .IKII60I , 1 S TM 1 1 000 I , WA T F 1 50 ) , 0550
2 ()AYM2,3>. IFIM1I2.12), UU 1 T TM ( 50 , 6 ) , RKAAI4.2), 0560
1 RKBBI4.2), RKCC 14,2) .TARFAI50, 31 , THALDS ( 50 , 3 ) , 0570
4 I IMF Q( 2, 12 ) , INI TYPI 5C, 3) , TNIIHUN 1 50 , 3 I 0580
0590
0600
DATA (.UN, 1 1N/6HICIINT I ,6HNUt U 1 / 0610
0620
1 ORMA1 1 !!• I/ IF -/ IH-/ IH-/ 111 -,4 3X.44HSOL ID WASTE COLLECTION S I MULAT IO06 30
IN RUN NUMB! R, 1 5/ 1H0.61X, 1 3HMOOFL THHE E / IH- / 1 H- ) 0640
KIKMAT 1 1HO,45X,50HTHI S IS A SIMULATION RUN ON A PORTION OF THF CI0650
1 TY/4 1 X.55HOF BALT1MORF, APPROXIMATELY DESCRIBED AS 'THAT TRACT/0660
2'.1 X,55HH('UNDFn UN THE NORTH BY THE CITY 1IMITS, ON THE EAST BY/ 0670
341X, 06BO
3 55HYI1RK AVI-NOF, ON THF SOUIH BY NORTH AVENUE, AND ON THE/4 IX , 250690
3HWFSI BY THE THY LIMITS. •) 0700
FORMAT! 1F'0,45X, 19HWITHIN THIS TRACT, 14, 27H RESIDENTIAL AREAS, EAC0710
IH CF 0720
1 /41X.55HPAHI ICULAR HOUSING DENSITY, HAVE BEEN GIVEN NUMBER DF0730
2S-/41X.20H1GNAT IUNS FROM 1 10 I3.32H. TABLE ONF BFLOW LISTS THE0740
3SI 0750
3 /4 IX, 3 3HARf AS AND DATA PERMNENT TO FACH.,I3,19H COLLECTION TRUCK0760
45, 0770
4/41X.26HAIL COMPACTfiR TYPE ARE OF I3.26H CUBIC YARD CAPACITY, HAVE0780
5/4 1X.22HBFEN ASSIGNED TO THESE, 13, 27H AREAS TO MAKE COLLECTION , 0790
6I3/41X, 15HTIMIS PER WEEK.) 0800
1 URMATI 1H0.45X.50HTHE CREWS ASSIGNED TO THE TRUCKS ARE A DRIVER A0810
1NP/41X.26HTWO LABORERS AT ALL TIMES.) 0820
FORMAT! 1H0.45X.50HTHE CREWS ASSIGNED TO THE TRUCKS ARE A DRIVER A0830
INIJ/4 1X.55HTHRFF LABORERS ON MONDAYS. TUESDAYS AND WEDNESDAYS, AND/0840
141X.55HA LRIVtR AND TWO LABORERS ON THE REMAINING DAYS. 1 0850
FfJRMAT 1 U'0,45X, 50HTABLE TWO LISTS THF ASSIGNED COLLECTION TRUCKS 0860
1 HY 0870
1 /4 1X.41HNUMBER AND lISJS DATA PERTINENT FOR EACH.I 0880
FORMAT! 1H1/1H-/ IH-/ IH /IH .59X.18H'" TABLE ONE •••/64X.2A6I 0890
) ORMAT 1 1H-, 0900
1 /,OX,S6HAREA NEIGHBOR- HOUSING TRUCKS ASSIGNED NUMBER 0910
2M IX, 56HNUMBER HOOD TYPC UNITS HAUL UNITS PER OF 0920
1/4 IX, 19X, 37HTOIAL MILFS TRUCK ROUTES /IH 0930
FORMAT < 1H1/1H-/1H-/1FI /IH ,59X,18H»»» TABLE TWO •••/64X.2A6) 0940
FORMAT 1 1H-, 0950
1 40X.56F-IRUCK ASSIGNED UNITS TO HAUL NEIGHBOR- DAYS TO 0960
2/4 IX, 56HNUMBFH TO AREA COLLECT DISTANCE HOOD TYPE COLLECT 0970
3/1H 1 0980
FORMAT III' .40X.2X.1 3,5X, 14, (,X, I5.2X.F7.2, 7X, 1 3.6X.A6) 0990
1000
FORMAT 8029 IS 1 OR IABLE 1 1010
FORMAT H030 IS FOR TABLE 2 1020
1030
FORMAII1I' ,40X, 2X , 1 3. 5X, I 3,6X, I 5 , 4 X , F 6 . 2 , 4 X , 17, 5X.I3) 1040
1 OI1MAI ( 1H1 ] 1050
1060
1 INF =0 10 70
WR I H ( IIJU.H021 1 IRUNNI] 1080
WR 1 II I 1 (Ml, 8022 1 1090
WRIIF(1(II,8023)NAHFA,NARFA,N()IRK,K1NTRK,NARFA,ICOIFR 1100
IF (Ll)t 1 Ml .F U.2. ) Gf) TO 21 1110
WR IU 1 II U, 8024 1 1120
U' TO 31 1 1 SO
WR 1 1 t I II U.H025) 1140
HR I Tt 1 ILU.8026 ) 1150
I INF * B 1 160
HR ITf ( IOU.8027 1 U 70
HR I II 1 ILU.B127 ) 1180
1190
i:C 8H 1 = 1 ,N«REA 1200
KLFTYI>=AN( TYPI 11 1210
KLri'IIN=AM HUN! 1 1 1220
KLNUI'T -ASNUPI (II 12 30
IBP
nip
TBP
TUP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP

-------
62
                       Kl (JRIM . AM1RIIT I I I
                       WH I IH 1UII,>U)29) I ,Kl F TYP.KI OHUN, AHALOSI I I >KLNOPT ,KLOR1JT
                       I INI M INI > I
                       IF( I INI -I I.'.HI  (,0  TO  Bfl
                       I INE=H
                       HR ITEI IOU.H028)  CflN.TIN
                       WHI It! 1011,8128)
                    88 f.riMINUF

                       LINF..8
                       MR t TFI 1011,0028)
                       WRITFI100,8128)
                       K5  - CWfltF  -  1.
                       00 91  I
                       DO 99  J
                       JNETYP  •
                       JARFA  =
• l.NCTRK
> 1, NOR
 TNF.TYPII , J)
TAREAII,JI
                       KLOHONiTNOHUNI I,J)
                       WR|Tl( 100,8030)  I,J»REA,KLOHON,!HALOS(I,J),JNETYP.DAYS(K5,J)
                       I INE'LINFM
                       IF(LINb.LT.4B)  GO  TO 99
                       LINt*8
                       MRITFIIOU.8028)  CON,TIN
                       WHITE!100,81281
                    99 CONTINUE
                    91 CONTINUE

                       URITFI100,8031)
                       RETURN
                       FND
1?60
1?70
1?HO
1?90
UOO
1310
1320
1330
13*0
1350
1360
1370
1380
1390
1*00
1410
1420
1430
1440
1450
1460
1470
1480
1490
1500
1510
1520
1530
1540
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
IBP
TBP
fBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
TBP
                 »I6FTC TIME*
                       SUBROUTINE  TlHt*

                       CIJHMON  AND  DIMENSION FOR LIST  PROCESSING ROUTINES

                       COMMON  IP,UG,ICALDR,ICHECK,ICLOCK,ICORE,IDUMM2,IDU*M4,IFRSTZ
                       COMMON  IFRSI4iIFRSTB,IOVRHD.ITI ME 1,ITI ME 2,ITYPE2>JBUG>JCHECK
                       COMMON  MAXCRE»MAXINTtMAXT,ITYPEl
                       DIMENSION  ICOREI1000). CORFI50)
                       I HI II VALENCE ( ICORF, CORE*


                       COMMON  AND  DIMENSION FOR SIMULATION

                       COMMON  /HO/ A9>ACHEiAHALDSiANFTYP>ANOHUN,ANQAUT,ASNUPT>
                       1             AASSIJN,ASSSUN,ASSUNKfAXl,AX2.AYl,AY?,B,CCL,ClKTM,
                       ?             COLFRF.COLHR,COLMLK,COLTM/.,COMPAP,CONA,CONB,
                       1             CONC.CaNO.CtlNE.CONF.COSCOLtCORACRtCOSLNO,
                       4             CREWTS,CRUS/,CSHRTC,CSTHR,CTS,DAYS,OELOEP,DMTAVEt
                       5             DMTMAx.DMTMIN.DMTSIGtOOLCOLfOOLRIG.OOLTON,
                       6             OOLTS,OROPAYtOROVRT,OSLC,OM,EVENT,FINDAY,
                       7             FLATNO,FLTLTM,FX,FY,HISC12»HISC13fHISC14,
                       8             HISC22,HISC23iHISC24.HISC32,HISC33.HISC34,
                       9             HISC42tHlSC43.HISC44
                       COMMON  /BD/ HISTD1,HISTU1,HISTU2,HISTU3,HISTU4,
                       1             ICnLFR.IN.INCRMT.lOU.lRUNNO.ITtMl.JOM.JTRC,
                       2             JTRL.JTRPCL,JTRPRGlK,K2,K4.K5.KAPTStKINTRKt
                       3             KINFRLrKSTMFS.KTMDP.MAXLQ.NA.NAREA.NC.NDA,
                       1             NDR.NN,NORUT,NOFLTS,NOTRC,NOTRC2,NOTRK,
                       5             NOTRL,NOVRTlfNOVRT2,NaVRT3iNT,ONCE.OPTMf
                       6             ORHR,OVPAYL,OVRTM,PAYLBR,PERUNtPNDMU.PNDSI6,
                       7             PRBFLT,00,UlfC2.Q3i04,05,Q6,Q7.08.U9tQ10l
                       8             Qll,UMAX,QO,OUIAVEtQUIMAX,OUIMIN,QUISIO,
                       9             aUlTMC,OUlTTM.OUT2,R,RGVMAX.RGVMIN,RIGKA
                       COMMON  /RD/ RIGKB,RIGMAX.KIGVEL.KKA.RKAA.RHB.RKBB.RKCC,
                       1             ROADIS.RMXDSRt)>MXOST>RND,RUNNO.SCOLML,SMMRKT,
                       2             SRIGML,STAT,STMFST,STRFHL,SUMRUT,SUMTRK,
                       3             I»RFA,THALDS,IIHE.TIMEO.TNETYP.TNOHUN,
                       4             IONAGE,IOTCOS.TU1TONirOTHT.TRC.TRCSIN.TRES,
                       5             TRFHRrTRFML,TRFIM2tTRIP,TRKDAY,TRKLD,TRLt
                       6             TRLHAL,TRPC()L,TRPRIC,TRPTM,TSCOST,TSHR,
                       7             TSLBPA,1STM,IX,TY,UNACRE,UTILTY,VELMAX,
                       8             VELMIN.VELMURiVLLHUTiVELSGRtVELSGTtMATEt
                       9             WATEZ.WT.XOAY.YRS
                       DIMENSION  AHALOS<25I,ANETYPI25),ANOHUN(25I,ANORUTI2S),
                       1            4SNUPH25).AASSUNI25),AX1I 25)   ,AX2(25)    ,
                       2            AY1I25)   .AY2I25I,  BI 101tCCL16).COLMLKI41  .
                       3            CORACRI4) .CTSI6)     ,EVENr(60) ,HISCI2(16),
                       4            HISC13I16),HISC14I16I.HISC22I161.HISC23I16) ,
                       5            HISC24(16).HISC3?ll6)iHISC33ll6).HlSC34(16)t
                       6            HISC42I16),H1SC43I16I,HISC44I16),HISTD1I16),
                       7            HISTU1(16).HISTU2I16)|HISTU3I16),HISTU4I16),
                       8            OPTMI60)  .OVRTMI50)  .PERUNI4)  .00150)     ,
                       9             OUITMC(60>.OUT2I300),ROADIS(25),STAT(90)
                       DIMENSION  TIMEI60)  ,TONAGE(6I  |TOTWT(50) ,r«C(60)    t7RIP(90J
                       1            TRKLDI50) .TRLI6CI    •TSTMI10001.WATE150)  i
                       2            OAYSI2.3),  ITIMLI2.12), QUITTM(50,6), RKAAI4.2),
                       1            RKHBI4.2),   RKCCI4,2),TAREA(50,3I,THALOS(50,3),
                                                            0010  TIM
                                                            0020  TIM
                                                            0030  TIM
                                                            0040  TIM
                                                            0050  TIM
                                                            OOfcO  TIM
                                                            0070  TIM
                                                            0080  TIM
                                                            0090  TIM
                                                            0100  TIM
                                                            0110  TIM
                                                            0120  TIM
                                                            0130  TIM
                                                            0140  TIM
                                                            0150  TIM
                                                            0160  TIM
                                                            0170  TIM
                                                            0180  TIM
                                                            0190  TIM
                                                            0200  TIM
                                                            0210  TIM
                                                            0220  TIM
                                                            0230  TIM
                                                            0240  TIM
                                                            0250  TIM
                                                            0260  TIM
                                                            0270  TIM
                                                            0280  TIM
                                                            0290  TIM
                                                            0300  TIM
                                                            0310  TIM
                                                            0320  TIM
                                                            0330  TIM
                                                            0340  TIM
                                                            0350  TIM
                                                            0360  TIM
                                                            0370  TIM
                                                            0380  TIM
                                                            0390  TIM
                                                            0400  TIM
                                                            0410  TIM
                                                            0420  TIM
                                                            0430  TIM
                                                            0440  TIM
                                                            0450  TIM
                                                            0460  TIM
                                                            0470  TIM
                                                            0480  TIM
                                                            0490  TIM
                                                            0500  TIM
                                                            0510  TIM
                                                            0520  TIM
                                                            0530  TIM
                                                            0540  TIM
                                                            0550  TIM
                                                            0560  TIM
                                                            0570  TIM
                                                            0580  TIM

-------
                                                                                                  63
                  IIMtm2,l<>),  INI I YPI50, 3) ,  IMJHUf4l 'JO, »)
                SI I II1NU.4, U.ALDH I
                lllJKt I IUNO« 1 I/ 1U
                ILOKl- I IONOM I
                 | 1UN(1 «  ) )
     JU <>(.
1001 CAU
     IT IMH
     IIYI'll
     M •  ICOHI
1021 ICIOLK  •  uiMFi
     JCI OCK  .  IC.I OCK
     f,( 1U  ( 10,20, 30.40.40
1004 Ml IUHN
  10 CM L  THAI 1C
     or, to  100
  20 CAU  CtllfCT
     Of! ID  100
  10 (,AI I  IRAf If.
     GO TU  ICO
  40 CALL  HI Sf SI I IDNO)
     IF (f INOAYiF 0.99. I  GO  10 POO
     G(.  10  ICO
  60 U)M I Nut
  55 C«l I  RIU UT
     (it)  in  ion
  65 LALL  RIGPAK
     IF I f INUAYif-u.99. I  GO  Id 200
 100 ITYPf-2  •  FVINTIM)  «  .5
     It [Kb?  '  T IMf INI)  .  .5
     ICORH IDNIH 3)  »  NT
     (,
    20 T1H 0630 IIM 0640 IIM 0650 IIM 0660 TIM 06(0 TIM 06BO IIM 0690 TIM 0700 TIM 0710 TIM 0720 TIM 07}0 TIM or«.o TIM 0750 TIM 0760 IIM 0770 TIM 0780 TIM 0790 TIM 0800 OS10 0620 TIM 0830 TIM 0840 TIM 0850 TIM 0060 TIM 08/0 TIM 0880 TIM 0890 tlM TIM TIM • IflFIC IRAf • SUHROUTINt TRAF1C C COKCUN AND DIMENSION FOR LIST PROCESSING ROUTINES COPMON I BUG, ICA1 I)H, ICHf CK, Id QCK, ICORC, IUUMM2, I DUMM4 , IFRSI2 CtlfWON URSI4ilIRSIfl,lOVHHD,lIIMritlTlMF2fITYPE2.JBl)CfJCHECK CfifMON CAXCRItMAXINT,MAX 1,1 TYPE 1 DIMENSION ICflRt I 1000), f.rmtliOl ECUIVALI:NCF(ICORF,r.OH( I COMMON AND DIMENSION FOR SIMULATION COMMON /Hf>/ A9, ACRE , AHA1 US, ANE T YP , ANOHUN, ANORUT , ASNUPT, I AAS'jUN,AS3SUN,ASSUNK,AXl,AX2,AYl,AY2,B,CCLtCLKTM, 2 COLIRF.COIHR.COI ML K ,COL TMZ ,COMP AM ,CUNA ,CONB , i CONf. ,COND,CriNF,C(INF,COSCOL,CORACR,CUSLNO, 4 CREWIS.CRUSZ.CSHHTC.CSTHR, CIS. DAYS, UELOEP.OMTAve. DMIMAX.IJMTMIN.DMISIG.OOLCOL.DULRIG.OOLTON, OOLIS,DRUPAY,OR()VKT,OSLC,nw,EVENT,FINDAY, FLATNO,FLTLTM,FX,FY,HISC12,HISC13,HISC14, HISC?2,HI3C23,HISC24,HISC32,HISC33,HISC34, HI SC42.HI SC43.MI SC44 CflKMUN /HD/ HISID1 ,HI S TIJ 1 , H I S TU2 . H I STU3.HISTU4, ICOIFR,IN,INCRMT,IOU,IRUNNO,ITIML,JDW,JTRC, ? JTRI,JIRPCL,JTRPRG ,K,K2,K4,K5,KAPTS,KINTRK, 3 KINIRL.KSTMFS.KIMOP.MAXLO.NA.NAREA.NC.NDA, 4 NDR,NN,NURUI,NOI I T S.NOTRC .NOTRC2 , NOTRK, 5 NO I HI ,NOVRTl,NOVRT2,NOVRI3.Nr,ONCE,OPTM, 6 URHK,OVPAYL,OVRTM,PAYLBR,PERUN,PNDMU,PNDS1G, 7 PRUFL I, 00, 01 ,02,03, 04, 05, 06,07,08,09, 010, 8 Oll,QMAX,ug,QUIAVE,GUIMAX,UUIMlN,OUlSIG, 9 OUIIMC,OUItIM,QU!2,R,HGVMAX,RGVMIN,RIGKA (.tlMMON /HI)/ RlGKd.R lr,MAX,RIGVF.L,RKA,RKAA,RKfl,RKB8,RKCC, I ROAIJIS,RMXI)SH,RMXOST , RNO.RUNNO, SCOLML .iMWRKT, 2 SRIGML.bTAT.STm S I , S TRFML , SUMRUT , SUMTRK , ) IAH(A,IH*LOS,TIMe,IIMEO,TNEIYP, TNOHUN, 4 IflNAf, f,l() TCDS, III ITON.TOTWT.TRC.TRCSIN, IRES. 5 |H(MK,IHrML,TRFIMZ,IRIP,TRKDAY,TRKI.D,TRl, 6 IRl HAl , I R PC 01. , IRPRIG.TRPTM.TSCOST, TSHR, 7 TSlKPA,!S!M,TX,IY,UNACRE,UTILTY,VELMAX, 8 VElMlN,VfLMUR,V(LMUT,VCLSGR,VELSGI,WATE, 9 WAIf /,WI , XOAY.YRS I1IKI NS ICN AHALI)SI2')),ANrTYP(25),ANOHUNI25l ,ANOHUT(25) , I ASNUCTI 251 ,AAS9UN(?5>,AXU25) .AX2I25) , 2 AYK25) ,AY2I25), B ( 1 0 I ,CCL I 6 ) ,COLMLK( 4 ) , 3 CORACRI4I ,CIS(6I ,EVENT(60I .HISC12I16I, 4 HISC13(16),HISC14(16).HISC22(16),HISC23U6). 5 HISC24I16I,HISC 32I16),HISC33(16),HISC34I16I, 6 HISC42(ltltHISC43(16l,HlSC44(16l,HISI01(16l, 7 HISIUM16),HISIU?(16l,HISTU3(16l, HIST U4 (161, 8 OPTMI60I ,OVRTM(50) ,PERUN(4) ,00(501 , 9 OU1IMC(60),UUT2(300),ROADIS(25),STAT(90I DIMENSION I1MM60I ,TUNAGE(6) .TOTWTI50I ,TRC(60I .TRIPCJO) 1 IBKiniSO) ,THL(60) ,TSTM( 10001 .WATEI50I , ? DAYSI2.3), ITIMLI2.1?). OU I T TMI 50 . 6 I , RKAAI4.2), 1 RKRRI4,2l, RKCCI4.2I ,TARfA(5O, 31 .THALOSI 50, 3) , '. MMIU(7,|2I, INf TYPISO, 1) . TNHHUNI 50,
    -------
    L
    (.
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    *00 I'M » NUH
    IF 1 THAI I'StNl ,NI)R ) .Gf.PMXOM 1 GO To 304
    VH MU ' HKA t HKIUTt'AI DSINI , MM )
    Gf ri) 306
    304 Vt t MU • VII MU r
    106 (All RAM.I'MI V[ IMRKnH,RKCC,
    1 ROAOI S,RHX()SK,RMXDST,RND,RUNNO,SC01.Ml,SMWRKT,
    2 SRIGML.STAT ,STMF ST , STRFML . SUHRUT , SUMTRK ,
    3 lARrA.THAlDS.TIMF.TIMEQ.TNETYP, TNOHUN,
    4 TONAGE.TUTCDS.TOTTON.TOTWT.TRC.TRCSIN.TRES.
    5 TRFHR,IRFML,TRETM/,IRIP,TRKDAY,TRKLD,TRl,
    A TRLHA.L, TRPC()L,TRPRIG,TRPTM,TSCaST,TSHR,
    7 TSlliPA,TSTM,TX,IY,UNACRE,UTILTY,VELMAX,
    8 VELMIN.VELMUR.VILMUT.VELSGR.VELSGT.WATE.
    t MAIF/ ,MT, XDAY, YRS
    DIMENSION AHALUSI 25) , ANE T YP 1 25 ) , ANOHUN ( 25 ) .ANORUT (25)
    I ASNUPT I 251 ,AASSUN(25).AX1(25) .AX2I25)
    ? AYK25I .AY2I25I, 6 ( 10 ) ,CCL ( 6 ) .COLHLK ( 4 )
    3 CORACRI4) .CTSI6I .EVENTI60) .HISC12I16)
    4 H1SC13I 16) , HI SCI 4! 16) .HISC22I 161.H1SC23I 161
    5 HISC/4I16I.HIS.: 32(16),H1SC33(16I,H1SC34(16)
    A HISC42(16),HISC43I16),HISC44I16).HISII)1(16)
    7 HISIUU16),HISTU2(16I,H1STU3(16),HISTU4I16I
    8 OPTMI60) ,OVRTM(50t .PERUNI4) ,00(50)
    9 OUITMCI60),OUT2(300),ROAOIS(25),STAT(')OI
    DIMENSION IIMM60) .TONAGEI6) .TOTKTI50) ,TRC(60) .TR1P190I
    1 TKKHK50) .TRLI60I , TSTM ( 1000 ) , MATE 1 50 1 ,
    2 OAYSI2,3), IT1MLI2.12). QU1TTM(50.6), RKAA(4,2),
    3 RKIHM4.2), RKCC(4,2I,TAREA(50,3) , THALDS I 50 , 3 ) .
    * T(Mlqi2,12), INETYP(50,3I . TNaHUN150,3)
    0600 TRF
    0610 TRF
    0620 TRF
    06)0 TRF
    0640 THF
    Ofc50 TRF
    0660 tRF
    0670 TRF
    0680 TRF
    0690 TRF
    0700 TRF
    0710 TRF
    0720 THF
    0730 TRF
    0740 TRF
    0750 TRF
    0760 TRF
    0770 TRF
    0780 TRF
    07VO TRF
    0800 TRF
    0810 TRF
    0820 TRF
    0830 TRF
    0840 TRF
    0850 TRF
    0860 TRF
    0870 TRF
    0880 TRF
    0890 TRF
    0900 TRF
    0010 UNP
    0020 UNP
    0030 UNP
    0040 UNP
    0050 UNP
    0060 UNP
    0070 UNP
    OOBO UNP
    0090 UNP
    0100 UNP
    01 10 UNP
    0120 UNP
    01 40 UNP
    0140 UNP
    0150 UNP
    0160 UNP
    01 70 UNP
    0180 UNP
    0190 UNP
    0200 UNP
    0210 UNP
    0220 UNP
    0230 UNP
    0240 UNP
    0250 UNP
    0260 UNP
    0270 UNP
    0280 UNP
    0290 UNP
    0300 UNP
    0310 UNP
    0320 UNP
    0330 UNP
    0340 UNP
    0350 UNP
    0360 UNP
    0370 UNP
    0180 UNP
    0390 UNP
    0400 UNP
    0410 UNP
    0420 UNP
    0430 UNP
    0440 UNP
    0450 UNP
    0460 UNP
    0470 UNP
    0480 UNP
    0490 UNP
    0500 UNP
    05 IO UNP
    0520 UNP
    0530 UNP
    , 0540 UNP
    0550 UNP
    0560 UNP
    0570 UNP
    0580 UNP
    

    -------
       K.HI ( K 1  '. ,2, i
      If«! I ///I X, I2HA I
      II RHIIH dINIJI I IfIN
             IClfK.K
             NiJMIll HI
                                   «  .I8.13HANFI
                                   I HI HH HA'>  ir
                                                           ,IH/1X,
         Ill  (lllll.ll  II I f](.K r J(.H[ (,K i If HFCK
      ( A  I  I'ANIC
    4  1C  I I. K . 0
    2  II- luriHD/MAXINf
       I 2a I HIIHI - I t -PAX INI
      Rl TURN
      F Nl,
    0590  UNP
    0600  UNP
    0610  UNP
    0620  UNP
    06)0  UNP
    0640  UNP
    0650  UNP
    0660  UNP
    06 70  UNP
    06HO  UNP
    0690  UNP
      SIIIIRnill INF Ml FKSM
      mcMIIN  AND DIMINSIUN FOR LIS!  PROCESSING
    
      ( f] KM I IN  imir, , K ALDR, ICHFCK, K.IUCK, [CORE, I FJUMM2 , I DUMM4 t IFRST2
      LMPM1IN  UP SI'. , IFRSTH, IUVRHD, I I IMF 1, I T IMF?, I IYPF2, JBUG.JCHECK
      fliKWCN  KAXC Ml ,MAXIN!,HAXr,lIYPfl
      i) lt>( NSK.N icuHiiinnoir r.iiRnso)
      I till VAI I N< I I If IMF ,UMF I
      r.HPMIJN AND IIIPfNSlnN FOR
    
      CClf MUN /111)/ A'), AT Kf , A HAL I) Si ANF IVP.ANOHUN, ANURUT , ASNUPTt
     1             AAr, SIIN.ASSMJN.A', SUNK,AXliAX?,AYl,AY2,B,CCL,CLKTM,
     t             toi i KT .(.oum.r.oi MK.roi \vi ,r.uMPAp,toNA,tnNB,
     )             I.ONC ,(,(IND ,(,HNe ,flJNF , CO SCni , CUKACR.Cn SL NO •
     4             (R(HIr,,(RUSZ,tSHRIC,CSTHR,CrS,OAY5IDELOFP,DMTAVE,
     •i             IJMTMAX.IIMTMINf DM ISIGiODLtnL iDOLR 10, DDL TON,
     6             UIJl Ib.URUPAY.DRUVRT.DSLC.DW.fcVENT.F INDAY,
     7             FlATN(),FLTLTM,FX,FY,H|SCU,MISC13,HISCl't.
     fl             HIS(??,HlSC23,HlSCZ^fHISC32,HISC 33.HISC3'.,
     "J             Hl'>f.A?,HI SC ,CCl I 6 > .COLMLK < 4 )
    CORACRI4)  .CTSI6I     .FVENTI60)  ,HISC12(16I
    HISC13(1A),MISC 14(16).MISC22I16),HISC23(16)
    HISC24(16l,HISf. 32I16),HISC33(16),HISC34(16I
    HISIU1I16I,HISTU2I16),HISTU3(16),HISFU4(16)
    UPIMI60I   ,(WRFM(50)  ,P[RUN(4I   ,00150)
     UUIIMC(60),CJUT21300),ROAniS(25>,STAT(90)
    F1MFI60)   •T(IKA(,r-|6)  .FOFHFI50)  .TRCI60)    .TRIPI'JO)
    IRKIOISO)  .IRtthOI    ,TSTM(1000),HAFE150)  ,
    UAYSI2.ll,  IFIMU2,12), OUI T IM I 50, 6 I , RK»AI4,2>,
    KKHIH4.2).   HKCf. I4,2),TARIA(50,3I,THALUSI50,3),
    TlMr.012,1? It INf IYP(50,3) . INDHUN I 50 . 3 I
      SRIGfL  • TRPHIG  •  IRLHAL •  2.0
    on  10  i«•
    cnscoL  -
    r.-vcosr  -
    Tnil UN  •
    CCM INUE
                TSCOSt
                TOMON
            CCL( I I
            CISII I
            TCNAGtI I
       IOTCIJS » CCSCOL  »  TSCOSt
       Dl'LCGL • CUSCOL/TCUTON
       CCLRIG = TSCOSI/TOTTON
       DOLTCN = TOTCOS/TOTTQN
       CALL SI«Cll,K2,TSTf,DMTAVF,UMTSIG,DMTMAX,OMTMIN)
       CALL STAC<1,K<,,OUT2,OUIAVF,UUIS1G,OUIMAX,QU1MIN)
       SUfACt = CULHR  4 TRFHR  »  TSHR * ORHR
       CCLHR =  (CULHR  / SUMACD  "  100.
       TRFHR i  (TRfHR  / SUfACT)  •  ICO.
       t SI'H « ( ISHR  /  SUMACT I  .  100.
    0010  WKS
    0020  HKS
    0030  WKS
    OO-iO  HKS
    0060  HKS
    0060  HKS
    0070  WKS
    OOHO  HKS
    0090  HKS
    0100  HKS
    0110  HKS
    0120  HKS
    0130  HKS
    0140  HKS
    0150  HKS
    0160  HKS
    0170  WKS
    01BO  HKS
    ODD  HKS
    0200  HKS
    0210  HKS
    0220  HKS
    0230  HKS
    0240  HKS
    0250  HKS
    0260  HKS
    0270  HKS
    02HO  HKS
    0290  HKS
    0)00  HKS
    0310  HKS
    0320  HKS
    0 1 iO  HKS
    0340  HKS
    0350  HKS
    0160  HKS
    0370  HKS
    03HO  HKS
    0390  HKS
    0400  HKS
    0410  HKS
    0420  HKS
    0430  HKS
    0440  HKS
    0450  HKS
    0460  WKS
    0470  HKS
    0480  HKS
    0490  HKS
    0500  HKS
    0510  HKS
    0520  HKS
    0530  HKS
    0540  HKS
    0550  HKS
    0560  HKS
    0570  HKS
    0580  HKS
    0590  HKS
    0600  HKS
    0()10  HKS
    0620  HKS
    0630  HKS
    0640  HKS
    0650  HKS
    0660  HKS
    0670  HKS
    06HO  HKS
    0690  HKS
    OTOO  HKS
    0710  HKS
    0720  HKS
    0730  HKS
    0740  HKS
    0750  HKS
    0760  HKS
    0770  HKS
    0/HO  HKS
    

    -------
    66
                            (iHI'U •  (IHHK  /  SUMACI)  •  I'llJ.
    
                            ur; 100  J  •  ltl?
                            Ul -Ql  •  TIMFUI l , j)
                        loo rr r< I INIJI
    
                            on 200  J  >  1,12
                            0? . 02  •  TIMK<2,JI
                        ZOO CONTINUE
    
                            Of) 100  J  »  1,12
                            riMfuu.J)  •  MMF-UII.J)  •  100.  / (01 » o.si
                        JOO U.MINUE
    
                            (in 400  J  •  1,12
                            MMEm2,J)  -  TIMtQ12,J>  •  100.  / (02 » 0.5)
                        400 r.(
                            no 121  i  «  71,90
                            IF I TRIP! I I.FQ.O. I  CO  TO  122
                        121  CnHMNUF
    
                        122  NI'TRL -1-71
                            Hf TURN
                            I NH
    0/40 WKS
    OHOO WKS
    OHIO WKS
    0820 WKS
    0830 WKS
    0840 WKS
    0850 WKS
    0860 WKS
    0870 MKS
    OB80 WKS
    0890 WKS
    0900 WKS
    0910 WKS
    0920 WKS
    0930 WKS
    0940 WKS
    0950 WKS
    0960 WKS
    0970 WKS
    09HO WKS
    0990 WKS
    1000 WKS
    1010 WKS
    10?0 WKS
    1010 WKS
                      «IBFTC KI
                                                                                                   0010 XIN
                            SUBROUTINE  XINIT
                                    AND DIMENSION  FOR LIST PROCESSING ROUTINES
    
                            COMMON  I BUG, ICALOR, I CHECK, If. LOCK, I CORE, IDUMM2, IDUM.M4, IFRST2
                            rnf MUN  IFRSfi, IFHSTB, IOVHHU, I T I ME 1 , I TIME 2, I I YPE2 , JBUG, JCHECK
                            COCOON  M»XCKE,MAXlNT,MAXt,ITYPEl
                            nicENsitiN ir.uRK looci,  CORHSOI
                            FOUlV«LtNrE(ICI]Rr,CnRE)
    
    
                            COPHON  AND DlfENSION  FUR SIMULATION
    
                            COMMON  /HO/ A9,«CRE,AHALDS,ANETYP,ANnHUN,ANORUT,ASNUPT,
                           1             A«SSIJN,ASSSON,ASr>UNK,AXl,AX2,AVl,AY2,B,CCL,CLKTM,
                           2             C01JRE,COLHK,COIMLK,COLTMZ,COMPAP,CONA,CONB,
                           1             UJNC.COMD.CflNF ,(,DNF , COSCOL (CORACR (COSLND,
                           *             CHI WIS,CRUSi?,CSlmTC,CSTHR,CTS,DAYS,DFLDEP,DMTAVE,
                           5             OMIMAX,DMTMINIl)MT51G,DOLCnL(DnLRIG,Df)LTON,
                           4             HOI rs,OROPAr,OK()VRr,t)SLC,OW,EV£NT,FINOAy,
                           7             FlATNO,FLrLTM,,FXfFY,HISC12,HISCH(HISCl<.,
                           8             HISC22,HISC23,HISC2'1,HISC32,HISCJ3,H|SC3*,
                           '>             HI S(.YLBR,PtR()N,PNOMU,PNDSIG,
                                         PMhl L I,(wO,01 ,U?,0),0', ,U'>,06,Q7,U8,0'J,OlOt
                                         U11,UMAX,OU,UUIAVE,QU1MAX,UUIMIN,OUISIG,
                           9             UUItMC,bUlTTM,UllT2lRlRGVMAX,KGVMIN(RICKA
                            COMMON  /HI)/ R 1(,KH,R IGMiX,RI(,VFL,RK4,RKAA,RKH,RKBR,RKCC,
                           1             ROADIS,RMXDSH,RMXDST (RND,RUNNO, SCOLMl , SMWRKT ,
                           2             SRK.ML.STAT.ST.IF ST , STRFML , SUMKUT , SUHTRK ,
                           1             tARFA,THALOS,TIMF,TIMEO,TNETYP,TNOHUN(
                           4             TaNAr,E,TCITC(IS,TnrTON,TOTWT(TRC,TRCSIN,TRES,
                           5             rRfHR,TRFML,TRFTMi,TR[P,TRKOAY,TRKLD,TRL.
                           6             TRLHAL,IRPCl]L,rHPRlG(TRPTM,TSCOST,ISHR,
                           ?             I SI  riPA,TS!M,TX,TY,UNACRE,UTILTY,VELMAX,
                           8             VtLMIN.VELMUR.VI LMUT , VEL SGR, VEL SGI , WA I E ,
                           9             WATE/.WT, XUAY.YRS
                            DIMENSION  AHALDSI25)»ANETYPI25 I , ANOHUNI 25 I , ANORUT 1 25 )
                           1            ASNUPU25),AASSUNI?5I,AX1(25I   .AX2I25)
                           2            AY1I25I    (AY2I25I, B I 10 I , CCL ( 6 I , COLMl K ( <, )
                           1            CORACHKil  ,CTS(6)    .EVENTI60) .HISC12I16)
                           *            H I SCI 31 161, H I SC 1M 16), HI SC 221 16), HI SC 231 16)
                           5            HlSC2M16>rHISC32U6),HISC33ll6>.HISC32(16),HlSC'mi6),HlSC'> I S  t 25 ) , STAT I 90 )
                            DIMENSION  TIPM60)   ,TONAGE(6I ,TOTWTI50) ,TRCI60)    .TRIPI9O)
                           1            TRKLUI50)  .TRllhOI   , T STMI 10001 , WATE I 501  ,
                           2            IMYS(2,3I, ITIMLI2.12),  QUI T  TM( 50,6 I , RKAAC.,21,
                            3            KKRBU,2>(  RKCCCi,2),TARFAI50,3l,THALDSI50,31,
                           *             1IMrai2,l2).  INI 1»P( 50.11,  TNOHUNI50.3)
    
                            M A X T •  1 (J C n
                            MAXINf  -  ICOOOO
                             If.lif f K «fl
                            J( IM (,K all
    0020
    0030
    0040
    OOSO
    OOfiO
    0070
    0080
    0090
    0100
    0110
    0120
    0130
    0140
    0150
    0160
    01 70
    0180
    0190
    0200
    0210
    0220
    0230
    0240
    0250
    0260
    0270
    0280
    0290
    0300
    0310
    0320
    0330
    0340
    0350
    0360
    0370
    0380
    0390
    0400
    0410
    0420
    0430
    0440
    0450
    0460
    0470
    0480
    0490
    0500
    0510
    0520
    0530
    0540
    0550
    0560
    0570
    0580
    0590
    0600
    0610
    0620
    06 JO
    O',40
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    XIN
    

    -------
    67
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    c
    
    
    c
    
    c
    
    
    c
    
    
    1 m s T H •= o
    II Rtr^-n
    ir «ii ? -o
    irtni 1 1 1 -o
    ICUHI 1 2 1 »0
    ICUREI 3 )=C
    MAXCRF « 1000
    l(;VRHt>*4
    ICAtDR*0
    lC(JRFI4)"ll)VRHI)
    ll;(IPM2»- 12 3456
    IT)UHM4*-234t>67
    J« ICVRH04 1
    
    OE! 105 I'J,MAXC ME
    105 1COHF 11)^0
    
    J« P AXf H F- - 8
    
    M] 104 I=IOVHHO,J,8
    104 CALL F ILAS1 I 1,8, IFRST8I
    
    HE IIJRN
    EM)
    »IBFTC ZFR1»
    
    C
    C
    C
    
    
    
    
    
    C
    C
    C
    C
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    c
    
    
    
    
    c
    SUBROUTINE itRINt
    
    COMMON AND RIMFNStON FOR LIST PROCESSING ROUTINES
    
    CDMMUN IBUG, I CAl OR, I CHECK, 1C LOCK, 1 CORE , I DUMM2 , 1 DUMM4 , I FRST2
    COMMON IFRST4,lERST8,IUVHHtJ,ITIMEl,ITIME2,IIYPE2,JBUG,JCHECK
    CfjKMON MAXCRf»MAXINT,MAXT»lTYPEl
    DIMENSION ICORK1000), COREI50I
    t UU I VALENCE ( 1 CORF .CORE )
    
    
    COMMON AND DIMENSION FOR SIMULATION
    
    CflMMON /HO/ A9, ACKE,AHALnS,ANETYP,ANOHUN,ANORUT,ASNUPT,
    1 AASSUN,ASS';UN,ASSUNK,AXI,AX2,AY1,AY2,B,CCL.CLKTM,
    2 Cdt 1 RF,C()LHR,CULMLK.CQLTMZ,COMPAP,CC)NA,CONB,
    3 tnNC,Cf)ND,U)NE,CnNF,COSCOL.CURACR,COSLND,
    4 CREWTS,CRUSZ,CSHRTC,CSTHR,CTS,DAYS,DELDEP,DMTAVE,
    5 UMTMAX.nMTMIN.OM T S 1 G , DOLCOL ,OOLR IG , OULTON,
    6 00 L T S,DROPAY, OKI) VRT , OSLC ,OW,E VENT, FINDAY,
    7 FLAtNU,FLrLrM,FX,FY,HISC12,HISC13,HISC14,
    fl HlSr.2?.HlSC23,HISC24,HISC32,HISC33,MISC34,
    9 H I SC42, H I SC 43, H I SC44
    COMMON /BO/ HISTIlliHI STU1 , H I STU2 ,H I STU3 ,H 1 STU4,
    1 1C 01 FR, IN.INCRMI , IOU> IRUNNOt ITIMLt JDWiJTRCt
    2 JTRI,JIRPCI,JTRPRG,K,K2,K4,K5,KAPTS,KINTRK,
    3 KlNrRL,KSTMFS,K1MDP,MAXLC,NA,NAREA,NC«NOA.
    4 NDR,NN,NURUT,NOFLTS,NOTRC,NOTRC2,NOTRK,
    5 NOTRL , NO VRT 1 ,NOVR T2 ,NOVR T 3 , NT ,ONCF ,OP TM,
    « CJRHR,OVPAYL,OVRTM,PAYLBR,PERUN,PNDMU,PNDSIG,
    7 PRHFl T, 00, 01, 02, U3, 04, 05, 06, 07,08,09,010,
    B 011,QMAX,QO.UUIAVE.UUIMAX,OUIMIN,OUISIG,
    9 QUlrMC,UUITTM,gur2,R,RGVMAX,RGVMIN,RIGKA
    CC1PMON /BD/ RIOKB.RIGMAX.R 1 GVE L , RK A , RKAA, RKB.RKBB ,RKCC ,
    1 ROAOIS.RMXDSR.RMXUSt ,RND,RUNNO, SCOLML , SMMRKT ,
    2 SKICML, STAT.STMFST.STRFML.SUMRUT.SUHTRK,
    3 lAKtA.THALOS.TIME, T 1 MEO , TNE T YP, TNOHUN,
    4 TONAGF,TOTCnS,TOTTGN,TaTkT,TRC,TRCSIN,TRES,
    5 THFHR,TRFML,TRFTHZ,TRIP,TRKDAY,TRKLU,TRL,
    A TRLHAL,TRPCOL,TRPR|G,TRPTM, TSCOST.TSMR,
    7 TUBPA,TSTM,rx,!Y,UNACRF,UTILTY,VELMAX,
    8 V6LWIN,VELMUR,VELHUT,VELSGR,VELSGT,HATE,
    9 WAIFZ.WT.XOAY.YRS
    I) (PENSION AHALOSI25I , ANE T YP ( 25 1 , ANOHUNI 25 ) .ANORUTI25),
    1 ASNUPT(25),AASSUN|25),AX1(25) .AX2I25) ,
    2 AY1I25) .AY2I25), B I 10 ) ,CCL 1 6 1 .COLMLK ( 4 ) ,
    3 CORACRI4I ,CTS(6) .EVENTI60I .H1SC12I16I,
    4 H[SC13ll6)iHISCI4(16ltHISC22<16)tHISC23U6tt
    5 HISC24I 16I.HISC32I 16I.H1SC33I 161 .HISC34116I,
    » H1SC42(16I,HISC43I16I,H1SC44I16I,HISTD1I16),
    7 HlStUl(16!,HlSTUJ(16>,HISTU3tl6l,HlSTU4<161,
    8 OPTMI60I .OVRTMI50) .PERUNI4) ,00(501 ,
    9 OUITMC(60I,CJUT2(300I,ROADIS(25»,STAT(90)
    OlfFNSICN IIHEI60) .TONAGEI6) ,TOTWT(50) ,TRC(60I ,TRIP(90I
    1 TRKLDI50I .TRLI60I , T STM I 1000 ) , HATE 1 50 ) ,
    2 OAYSI2.3), IT1KLI2.12I, OUI T TM 1 50, 6 ) , RKAAI4.2),
    3 RKRBI4.2), RKCC(4,2),TAREA(50,3I,THALDS( 50,31,
    4 MMEU(2,12I. INFTYPI50.3I, TNOHUNI50.3I
    
    DC 29 1 * 1,90
    S* AT t 1 ) = 0.
    TRIP II) « 0
    29 CONTINUE
    
    0650 XIN
    0660 XIN
    0670 XIN
    0680 XIN
    0690 XIN
    0700 XIN
    0710 XIN
    0720 XIN
    0730 XIN
    0740 XIN
    0750 XIN
    0760 XIN
    0770 XIN
    07(10 XIN
    0790 XIN
    0800 XIN
    0810 XIN
    08?0 XIN
    08 JO XIN
    0840 XIN
    0850 XIN
    0860 XIN
    0870 XIN
    OBHO XIN
    0010 ZER
    0020 ZER
    0050 ZER
    0040 ZER
    0050 ZER
    0060 ZER
    0070 ZER
    0080 ZER
    0090 ZER
    0100 ZFR
    01 10 ZER
    0120 ZFR
    0130 ZFR
    0140 ZER
    0150 ZER
    0160 ZFR
    0170 ZER
    0180 ZER
    0190 ZER
    0200 ZER
    0210 ZER
    0220 ZER
    0210 ZER
    0240 ZFR
    0250 ZER
    0260 ZER
    0270 ZER
    0280 ZFR
    0290 ZER
    0300 ZER
    0310 ZER
    0320 ZER
    0330 ZER
    0340 ZER
    0350 ZER
    0360 ZER
    0370 ZER
    0380 ZER
    OJ90 ZER
    0400 ZER
    0410 ZER
    0420 ZER
    0430 ZER
    0440 ZER
    0450 ZER
    0460 ZER
    0470 ZER
    0480 ZER
    0490 ZER
    0500 ZER
    0510 ZER
    0520 ZER
    0530 ZER
    0540 ZER
    , 0550 ZER
    0560 ZER
    0570 ZER
    0580 ZER
    0590 ZER
    0600 ZER
    0610 ZER
    0620 ZER
    0630 ZER
    0640 ZER
    0650 ZER
    

    -------
    68
    
    
    HOO
    
    
    771
    
    
    m
    
    
    
    
    111
    
    
    12)
    
    
    
    160
    159
    
    
    
    
    
    100
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    137
    li( HOO 1
    H < 1 1 - 0
    r.flM INUI
    Dt III I
    S<«I (I 1 =
    C(1N 1 INUF
    or n? i
    SIM ( 1 I '
    I.OM INUI
    i;( in i
    cri 1 1 1 •
    r. i s I I I '
    Tl'NAf.F 1 1 I
    rt M INUF
    nil 12? i
    ISTM 1 1 *
    cr NI INuf
    nn ivi i
    F)l! 160 J
    IIPFCJt 1 ,J
    COM INUF
    U M INUI
    or 100
    ASNUPTI )
    AfULOSI 1
    AASSUNI )
    AM1RUTI 1
    tLNl INUF
    CCLHR = 0
    rr.scuL >
    OfTAVE -
    UHTMAX *
    DC IMIN »
    DC T Sir, =
    UI1I.CIIL '
    1)01 KIR -
    Dill. TON «
    K2 " 0
    K* * 0
    K5 - 0.
    HAXIU « 0
    Nf = 0
    f»N ' 0
    NCFLTS =
    NCIHK
    NdVKIl >
    N(!VRT2 »
    NIJVRT3 *
    URHR - 0
    DO - 0
    01 * 0
    U2 ' 0
    UTH = 0
    OUIAVE -
    GUI MAX '
    CUIMIN -
    uu i sir, '
    SCOIML =
    SMhRKT *
    SRIGML •
    SIATI M )
    STRfPL *
    SUMRUT »
    T01COS '
    TOHDN «
    1RCSIN »
    IRfHH • C
    IRKHAY *
    THPCOL •
    TBPHir, "
    T^(.(]ST •
    lit'R » 0
    IT T « 0
    ITI2 - 0
    X . 0
    XI 3 • 0.
    1*0
    ICOIFR *
    IRIINNO *
    DP 137 1
    QUT2I 1 ) '
    CCNT INUE
    • 1 , 10
    
    
    •• 5I.NOTRC?
    N
    
    » 7/.90
    10
    
    • 1,6
    0
    0
    - 0
    
    ' 1,1000
    0
    
    • 1,?
    • 1.12
    l»0.
    
    
    k l.NAREA
    - 0.
    • 0.
    * 0.
    - 0.
    
    
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    
    
    
    
    
    
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    
    
    
    
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0
    0.
    » 13
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0
    
    0.
    0.
    0.
    0.
    
    
    
    
    
    
    COI.FRE
    RUNNO
    • 1,300
    0
    
                           nr  55  i  =  1,50
                                                                                                06(»0 ^tR
                                                                                                0670 IfK
                                                                                                0680 /ER
                                                                                                0690 ZER
                                                                                                0700 It*
                                                                                                0710 JER
                                                                                                0720 HH
                                                                                                0730 IIR
                                                                                                07*0 UK
                                                                                                0750 liH
                                                                                                0760 *ER
                                                                                                0770 ZER
                                                                                                0780 ZER
                                                                                                O7'»0 /ER
                                                                                                0800 /FR
                                                                                                OBIO ZER
                                                                                                OB20 ZER
                                                                                                08)0 ZER
                                                                                                OH'.0 ZER
                                                                                                OB50 ZFR
                                                                                                OHM) ZER
                                                                                                0870 ZER
                                                                                                OBHO ZEH
                                                                                                O8'*0 ZER
                                                                                                0900 ZER
                                                                                                0910 ZER
                                                                                                0920 ZER
                                                                                                0930 ZER
                                                                                                O'MO ZFR
                                                                                                0950 ZER
                                                                                                0960 ZER
                                                                                                0970 ZER
                                                                                                0980 ZER
                                                                                                0990 ZER
                                                                                                1000 ZER
                                                                                                1010 ZER
                                                                                                1020 ZER
                                                                                                1030 ItR
                                                                                                1040 ZER
                                                                                                1050 ZER
                                                                                                1060 ZER
                                                                                                1070 ZER
                                                                                                1080 ZER
                                                                                                1090 ZER
                                                                                                1100 ZER
                                                                                                1110 ZER
                                                                                                1120 ZER
                                                                                                1UO Z6R
                                                                                                11*0 ZER
                                                                                                1150 ZFR
                                                                                                1160 ZER
                                                                                                1170 ZtR
                                                                                                1180 ZER
                                                                                                1190 ZER
                                                                                                1200 ZER
                                                                                                1210 ZER
                                                                                                1220 ZFR
                                                                                                1230 ItK
                                                                                                12*0 ZFR
                                                                                                1250 ZFR
                                                                                                1260 ZER
                                                                                                1270 ZER
                                                                                                1280 ZER
                                                                                                1290 ZER
                                                                                                1300 ZER
                                                                                                1310 *ER
                                                                                                1320 /ER
                                                                                                1330 ZER
                                                                                                13*0 ZER
                                                                                                1350 ZFR
                                                                                                1360 ZER
                                                                                                1370 ZFR
                                                                                                1380 ZEF)
                                                                                                1390 ZER
                                                                                                1*00 ZER
                                                                                                1*10 ZER
                                                                                                1*20 ZER
                                                                                                1*30 ZER
                                                                                                l**0 ZFR
                                                                                                1*50 ZFR
                                                                                                1*60 ZER
                                                                                                1*70 ZFR
                                                                                                1*HO ZER
                                                                                                1*90 ZER
                                                                                                1500 ZER
                                                                                                1510 ZER
                                                                                                1520 ZER
                                                                                                1530 ZER
                                                                                                15*0 ZER
                                                                                                1550 ZER
                                                                                                1560 ZER
                                                                                                1570 ZER
    

    -------
       Ul, 56 J  *  l(6
       QUITTM I.J)  "  0.
    56 CONTINUE
    55 CONTINUE
    
    
    
    
    
    
    100
    100
    
    
    00 200 t
    CO 300 J
    TARFA I 1
    INOHUNI I
    TH»LDS( 1
    TNFTYPt I
    U1NUNUE
    CONTINUE
    RFTURN
    FND
    « 1
    « 1
    .J)
    .J)
    .J)
    • J)
    
    
    
    
    50
    3
    0
    0
    0
    0
    
    
    
    
    1580 ItR
    1590 Iff.
    1600 Iff.
    1610 I If.
    1620 ZER
    1630 £ER
                                                                            1650 HR
                                                                            1660 ltH
                                                                            1670 ZER
                                                                            1680 ZER
                                                                            1690 iER
                                                                            1700 ZER
                                                                            1710 ZER
                                                                            1720 ZER
                                                                            1730 ZER
    

    -------
    Environmental  Protection Agency
    Library, K;vy:nr V
    1 North ',7iV:~:cr j,-i.;vo
    Chicago, Illinois  60606
    

    -------