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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
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MULTIMEDIA 8-1
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Multimedia Research 8-5
Scientific Assessment 8-15
Quality Assurance Management 8-17
Technical Information and Liaison 8-18
Environmental Processes and Effects 8-20
Health Effects . 8-21
Interdisciplinary Activities 8-21
Ecological Status and Trends 8-23
Core Research - Ecological Risk 8-23
Reducing Uncertainties in Risk Assessments 8-25
Human Exposure 8-25
Core Research - Health Risk 8-25
Core Research - Risk Reduction 8-27
Exploratory Research 8-29
Core Research - Grants and Centers 8-29
Capital Investments 8-31
Headquarters Operations 8-31
Field Operations 8-32
ABATEMENT AND CONTROL
Environmental Review and Coordination 8-33
Office of Cooperative Environmental Management 8-38
Multimedia Training Grants 8-41
ENFORCEMENT
Enforcement Policy and Technical Support 8-43
Enforcement Policy and Operations 8-45
Criminal Investigations Program 8-51
Technical Support 8-54
Federal Facilities Enforcement 8-56
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ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
MULTIMEDIA
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST
1992
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research I Development
TOTAL, Multimedia
$41,132.2 $49,853.7 $49,884.7 $58,361.8 $8,477.1
$11,641.3 $17,641.7 $17,641.7 $20.641.7 $3,000.0
$72,883.2 $110,372.5 $110,372.2 $136,006.5 $25,634.3
$125,656.7 $177,867.9 $177,898.6 $215,010.0 $37,111.4
Reregist Jtion and
Expedites Processing
Ocean Dumping Act
$60.9 $327.3 $327.3
$116.0 $116.0
-$327.3
-$116.0
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL UORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
644.8 829.3 829.3 904.4 75.1
685.6 849.4 849.4 904.4 55.0
$92,597.3 $173,348.9 $173,377.5 $195,936.8 $22,559.3
All authorization except for Research and Development
is by virtue of the Appropriation Act. The
Environmental Research, Development and Demonstration
Act expired September 30, 1981. Reauthorization is
pending.
8-1
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MULTIMEDIA
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Multi-Media Program is
composed of several activities that promote an integrated approach to
environmental protection and that provide cross-media support to Agency
programs. The Multi-Media Program includes: the Multi-Media Research Program
within the Research and Development function; the Environmental Review and
Coordination Program, Multimedia Training Grants, and Cooperative
Environmental Management within the Abatement and Control function; and the
Legal Enforcement, Criminal Investigations, and Federal Facilities
Enforcement Program within the Enforcement function.
Research and Development
The Multi-Media Research Program is grouped into three areas of
activities -- technical assistance, basic "core research", and operating
expenses.
o Technical Assistance provides scientific, technical information
and analysis to media program offices, the Regions, and States:
Technical Information and Liaison;
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance;
Scientific Assessment.
o Core Research involves expanding knowledge on the risks to
ecosystems and human health and the methods to reduce those risks:
Ecological Risk;
Health Risk;
Risk Reduction;
Exploratory Grants and Centers.
o Operating Expenses support high-quality scientific research by
funding requirements such as laboratory supplies, equipment, ADP,
and human resource development:
Field Operations;
Headquarters Operations;
Capital Investments.
Abatement and Control
The Environmental Review and Coordination Program accomplishes statutory
objectives under the authority of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
and Section 309 of the Clean Air Act, and includes three program activities as
well as support for Regional multi-media projects. The NEPA compliance
program assures EPA's actions comply with the intent of NEPA. This includes
reviews that are the functional equivalent for those Agency programs that are
not specifically covered by NEPA. The Environmental Review program ensures
that Federal agencies carry out their activities in an environmentally sound
manner pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act and Section 309 of
the Clean Air Act.
8-2
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The Indians program develops and implements policies for dealing with
environmental problems on Indian lands. Regional multi-media projects enable
innovative response to unique multi-media environmental problems. EPA's
technology transfer activities are intended to improve efficiency and
performance in environmental programs through technology transfer and
information exchange. .
Multimedia Training Grants provide resources for course materials and
training of state and local environmental personnel in the areas of pollution
control and environmental engineering. The program also provides fellowship
support to minority students, expanding opportunities for training in the
environmental field.
The Cooperative Environmental Management Program identifies, documents,
and disseminates selective environmental practices to states, localities,
outside organizations, and the regulated community. The program also
identifies and promotes the development of innovative environmental
technologies through cooperative efforts with organizations outside of EPA.
Enforcement
Enforcement Policy and Operations provides consistent direction to EPA
enforcement for all non-Superfund media to assure the most effective possible
stewardship of EPA's enforcement responsibilities as they contribute to the
protection of environmental quality. To accomplish this goal, it establishes
compliance monitoring and enforcement priorities, policies, and procedural
guidelines so that enforcement actions are properly selected and prepared and
establishes measures to ensure policies and procedures are correctly
implemented by the media enforcement programs and Regional offices. It
conducts legal case development, litigation, and adjudicatory hearing
activities for media enforcement programs, including oversight of evidence
gathering, preparation and management of cases, and referral of cases to the
Department of Justice for litigation.
In addition, this program contains the Agency's criminal investigations
effort which entails investigation, preparation, and referral of cases
involving criminal violations of environmental statutes. Investigators and
attorneys provide support to the Department of Justice during subsequent
investigations and litigation of these cases.
The National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) provides
specialized technical expertise in support of EPA enforcement case preparation
activities. NEIC serves as a point o: coordination and support for complex
investigations which have a national impact on environmental enforcement.
The Federal Facilities Enforcement Program ensures that Federal
facilities and government-owned-contractor-operator (GOCO) facilities conduct
their activities in an environmentally sound manner and Federal agencies
comply with all environmental statutory and regulatory requirements. It also
ensures that Federal facilities rake mitigative actions where their operations
could endanger the environment and/or human health.
Consulting Services: No consulting service activities In this program.
8-3
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MULTIMEDIA
Enforcement Actions
Administrative Orders
EPA
States (Third Quarter Data)
New Judicial Referrals
EPA Civil •
EPA Criminal
State Civil (Third Quarter Data)
Civil Judicial Cases, Ongoing
Cases Start of Year
Cases Concluded
Active Consent Decrees
Criminal Investigations
New
Start of Year
Defendants Charged
Contractor Listing
Delistings and Discretionary
Listings
Permit Support
RCRA
NDPES
UIC
Penalties Assessed
Administrative
Civil
Criminal
ACTUAL
1990
3,083
3,280
207
64
331
537
177
646
110
194
59
63
208
210
547
$21,726,720
$37,197,622
$5,513,300
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
ESTIMATE
1992
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992 vs.
1991
3,310
*
212
76
*
567
144
3,535
*
250
85
*
635
159
-t-225
*
+38
+ 9
*
+68
+15
136
211
*
64
135
300
534
*
*
*
157
*
*
75
210
228
516
*
*
*
+21
*
*
+11
+75
-72
-18
*
*
*
Future year projections are not made for this data element.
8-4
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MULTIMEDIA
XESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Multimedia Research 8-5
Scientific Assessment 8-15
Quality Assurance Management 8-17
Technical Information and Liaison 8-18
Environmental Processes and Effects 8-20
Health Effects 8-21
Interdisciplinary Activities 8-21
Ecological Status and Trends 8-23
Core Research - Ecological Risk 8-23
Reducing Uncertainties in Risk Assessments 8-25
Human Exposure 8-25
Core Research - Health Risk 8-25
Core Research - Risk Reduction 8-27
Exploratory Research 8-29
Core Research - Grants and Centers 8-29
Capital Investments 8-31
Headquarters Operations 8-31
Field Operations 8-32
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MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia Research
ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST
1992
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
•(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Multimedia
Salaries & Expenses $2,394.5 $2,873.2
Research & Development $4,678.3 $1,245.2
TOTAL $7,072.8 $4,118.4
Quality Assurance -
Management
Salaries & Expenses $888.7 $830.6
Research & Development $808.5 $1,808.9
TOTAL $1,697.2 $2,639.5
Technical Information &
Liaison
Salaries & Expenses $4,979.2 $4,951.8
Research & Development $4,994.5 $4,753.1
TOTAL $9,973.7 $9,704.9
Environmental Processes
and Effects-Multimedia
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects -
Multimedia
Salaries & Expenses $4.8
Research & Development $765.8
TOTAL $770.6
$2,888.1 $3,311.1
$1,245.2 $4,080.1
$4,133.3 $7,391.2
$830.6 $854.7
$1,808.9 $2,308.9
$2,639.5 $3,163.6
$4,951.8 $4,856.5
$4,752.7 $5,946.3
$9,704.5 $10,802.8
$1,565.8
$1,565.8
$4.8
$765.8
$770.6
$4.8
$250.0
$254.8
$423.0
$2,834.9
$3,257.9
$24.1
$500.0
$524.1
-$95.3
$1,193.6
$1,098.3
$1,565.8
$1,565.6
0.0
-$515.8
-$515.8
Interdisciplinary
Activities
Salaries t Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Ecological Status And
Trends
Salaries I Expenses $1,029.5
Research t Development $16,375.1
TOTAL $17,404.6
Core Research -
Ecological Risk
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$291.2 $291.2 $292.3
$4.595.0 $4,595.0 $2,695.0
$4,886.2 $4,886.2 $2,987.3
$1,146.7 $1,146.7 $2,602.5
$24,259.8 $24,259.8 $30,740.6
$25,406.5 $25,406.5 $33,343.1
$1.1
-$1,900.0
-$1,898.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
$1,455.8
$6,480.8
$7,936.6
8-5
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MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia Research
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
{DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Reducing Uncertainties
in Risk Assessments
Salaries t Expenses $330.5 0.0
Research & Development $9,698.6 0.0
TOTAL $10,029.1 0.0
Hunan Exposure
Salaries & Expenses $899.8 0.0
Research & Development $3,103.9 0.0
TOTAL $4,003.7 0.0
Core Research - Health
Risk
Salaries & Expenses $1,141.7 $1,141.7 $1,084.9 -$56.8
Research & Development $9,804.8 $9,804.8 $11,804.8 $2,000.0
TOTAL $10,946.5 $10,946.5 $12,889.7 $1,943.2
Core Research - Risk
Reduction
Salaries & Expenses $254.8 $254.7 $356.4 $101.7
Research & Development $2,960.8 $2,900.0 $2,900.0 $4,900.0 $2,000.0
TOTAL $2,960.8 $3,154.8 $3,154.7 $5,256.4 $2,101.7
Exploratory Research
Multimedia
Salaries & Expenses $1,025.9 0.0
Research & Development $23,333.4 0.0
TOTAL $24,359.3 0.0
Core Research - Grants
and Centers
Salaries & Expenses $1,279.5 $1,296.5 $1,316.4 $19.9
Research £ Development $25,639.9 $25,639.9 $26,039.9 $400.0
TOTAL $26,919.4 $26,936.4 $27,356.3 $419.9
Capital Investments
Research & Development $5,979.6 $34.0 $3,634.0 $3,600.0
TOTAL $5,979.6 $34.0 $3,634.0 $3,600.0
Headquarters Operations
Research t Development $4,678.6 $4,679.8 $5,182.0 $502.2
TOTAL $4,678.6 $4,679.8 $5,182.0 $502.2
Field Operations
Research t Development $29,921.4 $29,886.3 $36,859.1 $6,972.8
TOTAL $29.921.4 $29,886.3 $36,859.1 $6,972.8
8-6
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MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia Research
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
'(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL:
Salaries t Expenses $11,548.1 $12,774.3 $12,806.1 $14,679.6 $1,873.5
Research & Development $71,932.7 $110,372.5 $110,372.2 $136,006.5 $25,634.3
Multimedia TOTAL $83,480.8 $123,146.8 $123,178.3 $150,686.1 $27,507.8
Research
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment - 35.6 41.1 41.1 46.1 5.0
Multimedia
Quality Assurance - 11.3 14.5 14.5 14.5 0.0
Management
Technical Information & 60.3 72.0 72.0 71.0 -1.0
Liaison
Interdisciplinary 4.0 4.0 4.0 0.0
Activities
Ecological Status And 9.7 0.0
Trends
Core Research - 14.0 14.0 30.0 16.0
Ecological Risk
Reducing Uncertainties 2.6 0.0
in Risk Assessments
Human Exposure 10.6 0.0
Core Research - Health 18.0 18.0 17.0 -1.0
Risk
Core Research - Risk 5.0 5.0 1.0 -4.0
Reduction
Exploratory Research 13.1 0.0
Multimedia
Core Research - Grants 12.0 12.0 12.0 0.0
and Centers
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS 143.2 180.6 180.6 195.6 15.0
8-7
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MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia Research
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT
1990 1991 ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST INCREASE +
1992 DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment - 39.3
Multimedia
Quality Assurance
Management
11.3
Technical Information & 63.5
Liaison
41.1 41.1 46.1 5.0
14.5 14.5 14.5 0.0
72.0 72.0 71.0 -1.0
Interdisciplinary
Activities
4.0
4.0
4.0
0.0
Ecological Status And
Trends
9.7
0.0
Core Research -
Ecological Risk
Reducing Uncertainties
in Risk Assessments
4.4
14.0 14.0
30.0
16.0
0.0
Human Exposure
Core Research - Health
Risk
11.1
18.0 18.0
17.0
0.0
•1.0
Core Research - Risk
Reduction
5.0
5.0
1.0
-4.0
Exploratory Research
Multimedia
Core Research • Grants
and Centers
13.4
12.0 12.0
12.0
0.0
0.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
152.7 180.6 180.6
195.6
15.0
8-8
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MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia Research
Principal Outputs
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1992: o Final guidelines for neurotoxicity and final guidance for non-cancer
health effects.
o Inclusion of risk information in the areas of less-than-lifetime
exposure risk estimates and developmental toxicity risk into IRIS.
o Risk Assessment Forum analyses of selected risk assessment issues.
1991: o Final guidelines for exposure measurements and for male and female
reproductive effects.
o Final amendments for guidelines on developmental toxicity.
o Proposed guidelines for neurotoxicity, quantitative guidance for non-
cancer health effects, and ecotoxicity.
o Initial guidance on pharmacokinetics.
o Agency-wide implementation/training program for the enhanced IRIS
delivery system.
o Risk Assessment Forum analyses of selected risk assessment issues.
1990: o Final report on toxicity equivalence factors for dioxins and furans.
o Development of lead exposure abatement planning document.
o Progress report on the status of projects in terms of potential
reduction of lead and human exposure.
QUALITY ASSURANCE CQA> MANAGEMENT
1992: o Initial analytical work on model validation.
o QA curriculum materials.
o Guidance for assessing results generated by data programs.
o Support for implementation of Quality Control Optimization Project.
o Application of total quality management tools to EPA QA programs.
o Streamlined QA project plan guidance.
o Guidance on Agency-wide approaches to methods validation.
o Revised methods for semi-volatile organics, marine methods, analysis
of solid-liquid matrices, and innovative extraction techniques.
1991: o Deve. supplementary guidance on Data Quality
Objectives.
8-9
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o Conduct two QA Management Systems Reviews of major EPA environmental
data operations.
o Review 25 QA Program Plans submitted by Agency organizations. fl
o Develop three QA training courses.
o Issue preliminary report on Audit of Data Quality protocols.
o Report to the Environmental Monitoring Management Council on Regional
Methods Activities.
o Regional Action Plan: Research Needs and Priorities.
o OMMSQA Work Plan for Regional Methods Program.
1990: o Conduct two QA Management Systems Reviews of major EPA environmental
data operations.
o Review 25 QA Program Plans submitted by Agency organizations.
o Develop three QA training courses.
o Issue final version of glossary of QA terminology.
. o Carry out pilot of alternative procedures for Quality Control (QC)
optimization in a chemistry laboratory.
TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND LIAISON
1992: o Series of seminars on New Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Technologies.
o Manual on In-Situ Soil Treatment for Hazardous Waste.
o Seminars on Post Closure Monitoring of Landfills.
o Development of risk based priority setting method.
o Liaison established with NEIC and ORD laboratories.
o Analysis to ensure scientific integrity in the Agency's regulatory
development process.
1991: o Conference on Control of Lead in Drinking Water.
o Handbook on Control Techniques for non-traditional VOC's.
o Series of seminars on Maintenance of Municipal Environmental
Infras true ture.
o Analysis to ensure scientific integrity in the Agency's regulatory
development process.
1990: o Expert system for evaluating/improving the Performance of Municipal
Wastewater Treatment Facilities.
o Conferences on the Management of Non-Point Sources of Pollution.
o Workshops to provide technical assistance to Indian Tribes.
o Analysis to ensure scientific integrity in the Agency's regulatory
development process.
8-10
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1992: o China Program report on techniques for the detection of
mutagenicity/carcinogenieity chemicals.
o Peer reviewed Arctic research plan.
o Report on Arctic sediment methodology.
o Report from international symposium on ecological effects of air-
borne pollution in the Arctic.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1991: o China Program progress report on exposure for lung function
epidemiological study.
1990: o China Program report on lung cancer risk due to indoor air pollution
in Xuan Wei, China.
INTERDISCIPLINARY ACTIVITIES
1992: o Selection of candidates for the 1992 Environmental Science and
Engineering Fellows Program.
o Solicitation of Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Proposals.
o Summary of Phase I and II SBIR abstracts.
1991: o Selection of candidates for the 1991 Environmental Science and
Engineering Fellows Program.
o Solicitation of SBIR Proposals.
o Summary of Phase I and II SBIR abstracts.
1990: o Selection of candidates for the 1990 Environmental Science and
Engineering Fellows Program.
o Award of 26 Phase I and 7 Phase II SBIR contracts.
o Published summary of SBIR abstracts.
CORE-ECOLOGICAL RISK
1992: o First Statistical Summary for Estuaries in the Virginian Province.
o Final report on the Estuarine Demonstration Project in the Gulf of
Mexico Region.
o Draft Report on the Demonstration Project in Agroecosysterns.
o Draft Report on the Demonstration Project in Arid Ecosystems.
o Statistical Summary for Lakes in the Northeast.
o Statistical Summary for Coastal Wetlands in the Gulf of Mexico
Region.
o Initiate Work as Part of the Agency's Great Lakes Basin Initiative.
8-11
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1991: o Final Program Plan For Gulf Of Mexico Project.
o Draft Report On The Gulf Of Mexico Project. M
o Implementation Plan for Forest Monitoring and Assessment.
o Implementation Plan for Agroecosystem Monitoring and Assessment.
o Implementation Plan for Desert, Grassland, and Rangeland Monitoring
and Assessment.
o Annual Report On Forest Pilot Project In The Northeastern US.
o Final Report On The Near-Coastal Demonstration Project In The
Virginian Province.
o Integrated Research Plan for The Development of Assessment And
Management Tools To Reduce Uncertainties In Ecological Risk
Assessment.
1990: o Demonstration Assessment for Near-Coastal Systems in the Virginian
Province.
o Final Sampling Plan For The Near Coastal Demonstration Project.
o Data management system for near coastal demonstration project.
o Implementation Plan For Near Coastal Demonstration Project.
o Simulated Assessment of Surface Water Ecosystem Condition.
o Draft Program Plan for the Gulf of Mexico Project.
o Final Research Plan For EMAP Near-Coastal Monitoring And Assessment
Program.
o Quality Assurance Program Plan for EMAP.
o Simulated Assessment for Forest Ecosystems.
o Simulated Assessment for Desert, Rangeland, and Grassland Ecosystems.
o Initiate an integrated research program for improving ecological risk
assessment.
CORE-HEALTH RISK
JL992: o Annual Report on the Research to Improve Health Risk Assessments
(RIHRA) Health Program.
o Report on alternative approaches to regulation.
o Annual Report on NHANES-I1I Cooperative Research.
o Report on measurement methods development for exposure through air,
food, water, dermal absorption, and house dust.
o Report on validation studies on a human exposure model.
o Report on activity pattern and consumer product models.
1991: o Final report on TEAM Study of particles and metals.
8-12
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o Annual Status Report on NHANES-III Cooperative Research.
o Proceedings of the Workshop on Environmental Health Risk Education.
o Directory of Environmental Exposure Databases.
o Proceedings from the Workshop on Environmental and Occupational
Asthma.
1990: o Final report on TEAM Studies of VOCs in Los Angeles, Baltimore, and
New Jersey.
o Program strategy on the RIRHA program.
o Book entitled: Harnessing Science for Environmental Health
Regulation.
o Report on the Weight of Evidence on the Human Carcinogenicity of
leport
!,4-D.
CORE-RISK REDUCTION
1992: o Expand research in the product recycling and socioeconomic areas.
o Focus process research on needs identified in Industrial Toxics
Project (ITP).
o Research on the use of agricultural and environmental policies that
reduce reliance on synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.
1991: o Industrial toxics reduction research to support Agency gold of 33%
reduction by 1992 and 50% by 1995.
o Develop strategy with the Office of Policy Planning and Evaluation
for socioeconomic research.
o Study alternatives for ozone depleting chemicals.
1990: o Report to Congress delivered.
o Expanded Pollution Prevention Information Clearinghouse including the
hardcopy repository, telephone hotline and electronic information
exchange system.
o Product-specific projects initiated on preventing indoor air quality
problems from building materials and household products.
CORE-RESEARCH GRANTS AND CENTERS
1992: o Solicitation of 1992 research grant proposals.
o Annual report on Exploratory Research Grants Program.
o Bibliography of research grant articles published.
o Start-up of new academic centers.
o Annual report on centers program.
199J.: o Solicitation of 1991 research grant proposals.
8-13
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o Annual report on Exploratory Research Grants Program.
o Bibliography of research grant articles published.
o Selection of new academic centers.
o Annual report on centers program.
1990: o Awarded 107 new Exploratory Research Grants.
o Published over 100 technical articles in journals.
o Annual report on Exploratory Research Grants Program.
o Solicitation of new academic centers.
o Annual report on centers program.
8-14
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MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia Research
Budget Request
•
The Agency requests a total of $150,686,100 supported by 195.6 total
workyears for 1992, an increase of $27,507,800 and an increase of 15.0 total
workyears from 1991. Of the request, $14,679,600 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $136,006,500 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation, an increase of $1,873,500 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and an increase of $25,634,300 in the Research and Development
appropriation.
ProEram Objectives
The Multimedia Research budget subactivity consists of those Office of
Research and Development programs which cross all media. Research conducted in
the multimedia area promotes consistent risk assessment and provides technical
information and quality assurance. The capital investments and research program
support portions of this budget contain the resources that support the
infrastructure of the Agency's research laboratories. In addition, support for
the Agency's Core Research Program (Ecological Risk, Health Risk, Risk Reduction
and Grants and Centers) is maintained in this budget area.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,391,200 supported by 46.1 total workyears
for this program, of which $ 3,311,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $4,080,100 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. This represents an increase of 5.0 total work years and an
increase from 1991 of $423,000 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
increase is requested to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the
President's program in 1992. It represents an increase of $2,834,900 in Research
and Development. These increases reflect additional resources for lead abatement
research.
Lead Abatement. Recent assessments identify lead as one of the most serious
continuing public health problems in the U.S., and raise the need to: 1) take
regulatory actions to set/revise lead standards to adequately protect public
health; 2) carry out effective enforcement and abatement activities to reduce
exposure from lead-based paint, soil, water, air, and other relevant media; and
3) identify ways to reduce commercial uses of lead and problems with disposal of
lead-contaminated wastes. To accomplish these goals a broad multimedia ORD lead
research program will be conducted to support EPA regulatory, enforcement, and
abatement efforts across all EPA program offices and will include research in the
four main areas of: direct abatement support; exposure analysis/measurement;
health implications; and technology transfer activities.
8-15
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Promote Consistent Risk Assessment. In the area of risk assessment, final A
guidelines for neurotoxicity and final guidance for non-cancer health effects \
will be issued. ORD will provide risk assessment guidelines for cancer, other
health effects and ecological effects. The Risk Assessment Forum will undertake
projects to resolve difficult risk assessment issues. The Forum will sponsor
workshops, colloquia and other meetings for experts from EPA, other Federal
agencies and the private sector to discuss controversial risk assessment issues.
The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) which is on a readily-
accessible electronic mail system and is part of the National Library of Medicine
TOXNET system, will continue to grow and diversify with the inclusion of
additional chemicals and agents and risk information. Further emphasis will be
directed at continued training and outreach to the Regions, program offices, the
public, and international community.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,133,300 supported by 41.1
total workyears for this program, of which $2,888,100 is from the Salaries aad
Expenses appropriation and $1,245,200 is from the Research and Development
appropriation.
Promote Consistent Risk Assessment. Guidelines on exposure and health
effects proposed during FYs 1989-1990 were issued as final guidance after public
and peer review. The Agency is working on new guidance related to
pharmacokinetics and ecotoxicity and will revise and expand other guidelines.
ORD is coordinating with other agencies to address major assumptions and promote Jj
interagency consensus. ™
ORD will provide Agency-wide implementation/training on the Integrated Risk
Information System (IRIS). Information on mixture toxicity and toxic
interactions of mixtures will be made available. Additional chemicals will be
added to the data base.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $7,072,800 supported by 39.3 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,394,500 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,678,300 was from the Research and Development
appropriation.
Reports on risk assessment were completed on use of benchmark dose, children
as a sensitive subpopulation and ecological risk assessment. A draft report on
rat kidney tumors and a final report on toxicity equivalence factors for dioxins
and furans were produced.
The ORD multimedia lead abatement research program was developed. Several
projects were initiated, including: evaluation of existing portable X-Ray
Florescence (XRF) and chemical spot tests for detection of lead in paint;
development of reference materials and standards for use in calibration of
measurement devices and for use in QA/QC procedures; evaluation of contributions
to total lead exposures of children of lead-contaminated paint, dust, and soil;
identification of promising new alternative technologies for abatement of lead
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in paint, dust, and soil and for disposal of associated abatement wastes;
improvement of the lead biokinetic model; evaluation of bioavailability of lead
in soil and factors affecting site-specific bioavailability; evaluation of
movement of lead through groundwater, corrosion inhibitors in drinking water
distribution systems, and lead participates in drinking water; and evaluation of
lead effects on bone demineralization in postmenopausal women, bone le^d
mobilization and transplacental transfer of lead in primate animal models, and
lead carcinogenicity effects and mechanisms.
QUALITY ASSURANCE MANAGEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,163,600 supported by 14.5 total workyears
for 1992, an increase of $524,100 and no increase of total workyears from 1991.
Of the request, $854,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase from 1991 of $24,100 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The increase is requested to fund the Federal workforce needed
to implement the President's program in 1992. $2,308,900, an increase of
$500,000, will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
Quality Assurance Management. ORD will: 1) Support data quality objective
(DQO) implementation in program offices, Regions, and ORD, 2) develop QA
curriculum materials for use by EPA managers, 3) conduct analytical work on
model validation, 4) develop streamlined QA guidance, 5) provide guidance for
assessing results generated by data programs, 6) support implementation of the
Quality Control (QC) Optimization Project, 7) develop process flow models, and
8) apply total quality management tools to EPA QA programs.
Regional Analytical Methods. ORD will address Agency-wide issues identified
by the Regions. This will include methods validation, quantification limits,
quality control specifications, and standard reference materials. ORD will
provide short-term analytical results to the Regions in volatile and
semi-volatile organics, marine methods, analysis of solid-liquid matrices, and
innovative extraction techniques.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,639,500 supported by 14.5
total workyears for this program, of which $830,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,808,900 is from the Research and Development
appropriation.
Quality Assurance Management. FY 1991 ORD quality assurance management
activities include developing supplementary guidance on Data Quality Objectives
and implementing support to those EPA organizations which are pursuing the Data
Quality Objectives process. Initial development work on protocols for Audits of
Data Quality will be completed. Two QA management reviews focusing on major EPA
data collection programs, review of twenty-five QA Program Plans submitted by EPA
offices, development of three QA training courses, and preparation of a report
to senior management on the status of EPA's quality assurance program will be
completed.
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Regional Analytical Methods. ORD will provide analytical support to the
Regions in specific targeted areas. A work plan is being developed and research
initiated in the following areas: 1) low level methods and reference materials
for nutrients, volatile and semi-volatile organics, and metals in all media, 2)
digestion techniques for metals, 3) analysis of transition metals in non-aqueous
media, 4) solid phase extraction sample preparation techniques for extractab-le
compounds, and 5) validated'methods for fish tissue and nutrients in marine
systems.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,697,200 supported by.11.3 total
workyears for this program, of which $888,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $808,500 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Quality Assurance Management. The 1990 QA Management program made
significant progress toward the institutionalizing, throughout the Agency, three
basic quality assurance tools: (1) Data Quality Objectives; (2) Management
Systems Reviews; and (3) QA Program Plans.
Regional Analytical Methods. This program did not exist in FY 1990.
TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND LIAISON
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,802,800 supported by 71.0 total
workyears, of which $4,856,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,946,300 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. This represents a decrease of one work year and $95,300 from the
Salaries and Expenses Appropriation and an increase of $1,193,600 in the Research
and Development Appropriation, and indicates reprogramming has occurred to meet
high priority needs in another area. The Research and Development increase
represents an expansion of the technology transfer and Regional liaison efforts
to enhance scientific and technical knowledge of environmental protection and
management.
Environmental Education and Information Dissemination. Both of ORD's
centralized laboratory facilities participate with local school systems in
promoting the education of minority students through a cooperative minority
apprenticeship program. The program is designed to stimulate the interest of
students in environmental science and engineering through active mentoring by
laboratory researchers. This activity also supports several cooperative efforts
with local universities, including a graduate seminar series on the environment.
The program sponsors a series of small community outreach workshops and the
Center for Environmental Learning.
Technology Transfer. Information on technology and technical data will be
produced through the Center for Environmental Research Information (CERI) and
disseminated to States, tribes and localities to enable them to meet their
regulatory, enforcement and pollution prevention responsibilities. These
products and services include: user guides; design manuals; handbooks; training
seminars; and workshops. The ORD Regional Scientist Program will provide on-site
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assistance to the Regions to help them identify and address enforcement and
regulatory needs. Through the Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE), ORD will
respond to immediate high priority applied research needs in the Regions.
ORD will initiate two activities to support the Agency's Pollution
Prevention program. We will deliver pollution prevention information a*nd
technology to small and medium sized industries and municipalities and establish
pollution prevention centers at universities across the nation.
Regulatory Support. ORD will provide support to the Agency's regulatory
offices to ensure that EPA research focuses on the most critical scientific and
engineering issues associated with the Agency's regulatory development process,
and that scientific uncertainties are fully documented for use by Agency policy
makers.
Enforcement Support. In 1992, ORD will provide the Office of Enforcement
(OE) with coordinated technical and scientific support in a number of areas. In
conjunction with OE and its National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC) , ORD
will develop and apply risk-based assessment techniques and methods for targeted
enforcement efforts which pose the greatest risks to human health and the
environment. The program will draw upon ORD's laboratories, the Center for
Environmental Research Information and the Regional Scientist network.
National Environmental Technology Applications Corporation (NETAC). The
National Environmental Technology Application Corporations services will be used
by EPA, other Federal agencies and private industry to accelerate development of
innovative environmental technologies. NETAC will be firmly established as a
professionally staffed organization providing commercialization services on a
neutral and independent basis through programs involving applied research,
testing and demonstration, regulatory consultation, business development,
financing assistance, education, training and information exchange. The majority
of NETAC's revenues will be earned from the sale of products and services. The
goal of NETAC is to be financially self-supporting.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,704,500 supported by 72.0
total workyears for this program, of which $4,951,800 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,752,700 is from the Research and Development
appropriation.
ORD provides overall management and coordination of ORD technical
information and technology transfer activities. ORD products, services and
information tools will be provided to the Regions, States and other users. NETAC
is expected to expand its testing and evaluation facilities to include a
commercial test facility for certifying oil spill and hazardous waste remediation
products. Other ongoing activities in the regulatory support area focus on
participation in Agency regulatory workgroups and analysis of Agency regulatory
scientific requirements.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $9,973,700 supported by 63.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $4,979,200 was from the Salaries and
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Expenses appropriation and $4,994,500 was from the Research and Development
appropriation. ^
Over 1,300 ORD documents and reports to ORD clients and the production of
over 200 project summaries were tracked, processed and distributed. The Center
for Environmental Research Information (CERI) responded to over 50,000 requests
for information and managed the processing and distribution of over 40,000 items.
These items are available on a electronic bulletin board for searching and
selecting appropriate documents. The ORD Regional Scientist program provided
Regional Offices with senior ORD liaisons who serve as science advisors and
"gateways" to the broad spectrum of available ORD resources. The regulatory
support program helped to ensure technically sound development of Agency
regulations. NETAC completed its organizational development and focus on
expanding all its activities. NETAC laboratory and test facilities were
established and are operational.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES & EFFECTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,565,800 in the Research and Development
appropriation with no request for work years. This is an increase over FY 1991
due to the transfer of the China Program from the Health Effects portion of this
budget activity and the initiation of research in the Arctic.
China Program. This program, which is conducted under the 1980 US-PRC
Environmental Protection Protocol, is being transferred from Health Effects to m
Environmental Processes in FY 1992. The relationships of children's lung *
function and respiratory health to air pollution in several Chinese cities will
be studied.
Arctic Research. As part of EPA's Arctic research program, ORD will conduct
research on the nature, extent, and effects of exposure of Arctic ecosystems to
atmospheric contaminants. This effort will include analyses of the atmospheric
pathways for long-distance transport and deposition, biogeochemical pathways at
representative depositional sites, and intermediate and ultimate sinks for these
contaminants. ORD will undertake effects research on representative species cf
major ecosystems to establish risks to species, including humans. Landscape and
regional ecosystem sensitivity studies will follow the species risk studies.
These studies will culminate in an assessment of risk in terms of character,
magnitude, and timing of changes, to Arctic biological systems from atmos-
pherically deposited contaminants. The program will implement a statistically
balanced, spatial sampling design, based on the strategies of the EPA
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP), for the circumarctic
region. The resultant data and observational network will lead to conclusions
about the nature and extent of Arctic pollution, and subsequently will be used
to develop, parameterize and test assessment models for mitigation and management
design strategies. Arctic research is a new initiative in 1992.
1991 Programs
The China program is described in this budget's Health Effects activity.
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HEALTH EFFECTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $254,800 for this program supported by no
work years, of which $4,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $250,000 w:'ll be for the Research and Development appropriation. This
represents a decrease in the Research and Development Appropriation of $515,800
due to the transfer of the China Program to the Environmental Processes and
Effects portion of the Multimedia budget.
Harvard Studies. This program will identify and select post-doctoral
research fellows and visiting scientists to work with Harvard faculty members on
critical environmental problems that face society.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $770,600 supported by no total workyears
for this program, of which $4,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $765,800 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation.
Harvard Studies. This program is providing an interdisciplinary coordinated
program to link policy sciences through research projects and individual
analyses. Efforts are focused on development of inexpensive approaches to the
evaluation of cellular effects of environmental chemicals, pollutant flows, and
alternative approaches to regulation.
China Program. Conducted under the United States-Peoples' Republic of Cbina
(US-PRC) Environmental Protection Protocol of 1980, the current research has two
components: One is the full-scale study of the relationship between lung cancer
and indoor coal burning in rural Xuan-Wei and a pilot-scale study and early data
collection for a five-year study of air pollution and children's respiratory
health across a wide gradient of particulate, acid and sulfur oxide exposures in
several Chinese cities. The second is research on the environmental processes
and effects of pollution on aquatic organisms, water pollution fate and transport
modeling, and groundwater pollution processes.
1990 Accomplishments
This Program Element did not exist in FY 1990.
INTERDISCIPLINARY ACTIVITIES
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,987,300 supported by 4.0 total workyears
for this program to be allocated as follows: $292,300 will be for the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and $2,695,000 will be for the Research and
Development appropriation. This is an increase of $1,100 from 1991 for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The increase is requested to fund the
Federal workforce needed to implement the President's program in 1992. It
represents a decrease of $1,900,000 in the Research and Development
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appropriation. The decrease is because the Agency is not making a request for
funds for Cross Boundary Studies in FY 1992. Work conducted in 1991 will be j
completed with funds already provided. •
Visiting Scientists Program. Under the Environmental Science and
Engineering Fellows program, in cooperation with the American Association for the
Advancement of Science (AAAS), 10 fellows will be placed in EPA policy and
program offices to conduct scientific studies on various high-priority issues
identified by the Agency.
Small Business Innovation Research Program. This program will solicit,
review and select proposals for Phase I and II awards. About 25 Phase I
feasibility studies will be supported while about 12 Phase II projects will be
awarded.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $4,886,200 supported by 4.0 total
workyears for this program. Of this total, $291,200 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,595,000 is from the Research and Development
appropriation.
Visiting Scientists Program. The Environmental Science and Engineering
Fellows Program will support ten professionals at EPA organizations to
investigate environmental policy issues.
Small Business Innovation Research Program. As mandated by public law, this
program has been allocated 1.25 percent of the extramural research budget to M
support projects for the development of equipment and instrumentation for ^i
pollution abatement and control and environmental monitoring. Thirty-seven such
projects will be supported.
Congressional Directives. A total of $1,900,000 to the Research and
Development Appropriation for analysis of solutions to US/Mexico border air,
hazardous waste, and water pollution problems.
1990 Accomplishments
Visiting Scientists. In 1990, the Visiting Scientists Program approved the
appointment of five visitors under the Visiting Scientists and Engineers
component while, under the Environmental Science and Engineering Fellows
component, ten visitors were assigned to various EPA organizations to conduct
policy studies. Fiscal year 1990 was the final year of operation for the
Visiting Scientists and Engineers Program.
Small Business Innovative Research Program. A total of 33 awards were made
to small high-technology firms under the Small Business Innovation Research
Program, 26 Phase I feasibility studies and 7 Phase II development projects.
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ECOLOGICAL STATUS AND TRENDS
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $17,404,600 supported by 9.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,029,500 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $16,375,100 was from the Research and Development
appropriation.
See "Core Research-Ecological Risk" Program Element for discussion.
CORE RESEARCH-ECOLOGICAL RISK
1992 Program Request
The agency requests a total of $33,343,100 for this program supported by
30.0 total work years, of which $2,602,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $30,740,600 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. This represents increases of 16.0 total workyears and $1,455,800
from 1991 for the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation. The increase is requested
to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the President's program in
1992. The increase represents an increase of $6,480,800 in the Research and
Development Appropriation.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment CEMAP). ORD will maintain its
current monitoring activities conducted in EMAP, and will expand its monitoring
activities geographically and programmatically. In FY 1992 the EMAP program will
include Great Lakes research as part of the Agency's Great Lakes Basin
initiative. Initial research will be focused on Lake Ontario. The EMAP effort
in Landscape Characterization will complete characterization of the northeastern
U.S. and will begin interpretation of remote data for the Southeast. EMAP
monitoring in estuaries will maintain its activities in estuaries of the
Louisianian Province (Gulf of Mexico) and the Virginian Province. Monitoring of
lakes in the northeastern states will continue as will monitoring in the coastal
wetlands of the Gulf of Mexico region. ORD will continue forest monitoring in
the Northeast and Southeast and initiate demonstration projects in agroecosystems
and arid lands. We will expand efforts to develop ecological indicators,
including studies on biodiversity as a measure of ecosystem health.
Reducing Uncertainty in Risk Assessment (RURA). Information from previous
data collection and analysis activities will be used to apply a risk
characterization framework to the near-coastal estuaries in the prototype region.
ORD will maintain status and trends monitoring in the prototype region. The
sensitivity of exposure and condition indicators and the monitoring network
design will be evaluated. ORD will conduct a preliminary verification of
transport, transformation, fate and effects models. Estimates of uncertainty in
values for exposure and condition factors will be developed and the major
components of uncertainty will be identified. The ultimate goal of these
activities is to model the expected response of representative estuaries in the
region in response to alternative risk management options as an example of a
systems level approach to ecological risk assessment.
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1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $25,406,500 supported by 14.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,146,700 is in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $24,259,800 is in the Research and Development appropriation.
The Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). EMAP will move
from a design and planning p"hase into its first phase of implementation. This
will be accomplished through a series of demonstration projects, continuing
efforts in landscape characterization, monitoring design development, statistical
research, total quality management and integrated assessment, and interagency
cooperation. The EMAP effort in Landscape Characterization will complete
characterization of the northeastern U.S. ORD will begin to interpret remote data
for the Southeast. EMAP will expand efforts in estuaries monitoring into the
Gulf of Mexico region (Louisianian Province) and the near coastal demonstration
project in the estuaries of the Virginian Province will be extended to regional
scale monitoring (EMAP will work very closely with the core program in Reducing
Uncertainty in Ecological Risk Assessment). A regional scale demonstration
project in lake monitoring will be implemented in the northeastern states.
Eutrophication, acid deposition, habitat alteration, and the influence of
pesticides and toxic substances will be the primary issue addressed in the
surface water survey. Planning for wetlands monitoring will be completed and a
demonstration project in the coastal wetlands of the Gulf of Mexico region will
be implemented. ORD will expand indicator evaluation studies in New England
forest ecosystem demonstration projects in both the Northeast and Southeast and
conduct indicator evaluation studies in Agroecosystems and arid lands.
Reducing Uncertainty in Risk Assessment (RURA) . To evaluate the uncertainty
associated with the temporal variability in indicators of ecosystem condition,
a second year of field data is being collected in the estuaries of the
mid-Atlantic prototype region in cooperation with the ecological status and
trends program and NOAA, targeting exposure and condition indicators and their
response to changing pollutant levels. Ancillary data needed to run and evaluate
the transport and effects models that will be applied to status and trends data
is also being collected as part of this effort. ORD will analyze data from the
first year of field data from the prototype region and seek correlations among
indicators that could identify possible causes of poor condition. We are
developing a risk characterization framework for assessing exposure and effects
and conducting sensitivity analyses and new multi-variate techniques to reduce
uncertainty in detecting regional changes and to better evaluate effects models
that can be used in ecological risk assessment.
Congressional Directives. A total of $400,000 is for the Congressionally-
directed project to study the feasibility of establishing an Ecological
Institute.
1990 Accomplishments
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (Ecological Status and Trends).
1990 was the first year of a program designed to estimate current status, extent,
changes, and trends in indicators of the ecological condition and pollutant
exposure with known confidence. ORD developed the program on a regional basis
to investigate correlative relationships between human-induced stresses and
adverse changes in ecological condition. Indicators for surface waters,
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wetlands, forests, deserts, rangelands, grasslands and agricultural lands for use
in monitoring programs were developed. National scale monitoring designs and
strategies were developed. An effort to characterize land use patterns and
landscape e-r.ology on regional scale was initiated. A demonstration Project in
the estuar. s of the mid-Atlantic region and plans to expand these studies to the
Gulf of Mexico were completed. A joint EPA/U.S. Forest Service monitoring and
demonstration project in eastern forest ecosystems was completed. The Agency
also investigated the possibility of establishing and funding, through an open
and fully competitive process, a national environmental sciences institute which
could provide a coordinated focus for ecological research.
Reducing Uncertainty in Risk Assessments (RURA). ORD conducted research on
the uncertainty associated with the structure and function of ecosystems, the
identification, measurement, and interpretation of endpoints of ecological
change, and the assessment of hazards associated with ecosystems stress.
Emphasis was placed on the characterization of the condition of near-coastal
estuarine systems in the mid-Atlantic region and their exposure to stress. This
took the form of a demonstration project that identified indicators of estuarine
ecosystem condition (in cooperation with the ecological monitoring and assessment
program) and then quantified them on a regional basis.
REDUCIN UNCLRTAINTIES IN RISK ASSESSMENTS (RURA)
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $10,029,100 supported by 4.4. total
workyears for this program, of which $330,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $9,698,600 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
See "Core Research-Ecological Risk" Program Element and "Core Research-
Health Risk" Program Element for discussion.
HUMAN EXP "RE
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $4,003,700 supported by 11.1 total
workyears for this program, of which §899,800 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,103,900 was from the Research and Development appropriati
See "Core Research-Health Risk" Program Element for discussion.
CORE RESEARCH-HEALTH RISK
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,889,700 supported by 17.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,084,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $11,804,800 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. This request represents a decrease of 1.0 total work years, a
decrease of $56,800 in the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation and increase of
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$2,000,000 in the Research and Development Appropriation for research in human
exposure as the result of reprogramming to meet other high priorities.
Human Exposure. ORD will conduct studies in total human exposure assessment
to develop a better understanding of the relationships between exposure and
delivered dose. This will include studies to determine transport, metabolissm,
storage, elimination, absorption levels into the body, dose delivered to target
tissues, and the effects of factors such as age, gender, race, etc. Measurement
methods development for exposure through air, food, water, dermal absorption, and
house dust will be expanded. Validation studies on a human exposure models will
expand to include models that estimate nationwide exposure to volatile organic
compounds other than benzene. Studies of exposure in new microenvironments of
interest will expand to include biological and other contaminants. Activity
pattern and consumer product models will be developed for high priority
pollutants.
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-III (National Health and
Nutrition Examination Survey). EPA will assist other sponsoring agencies of
NHANES-III and the National Center for Health Statistics in reviewing and
validating the data collected during the first three years of the survey. Once
validated, the data can undergo preliminary analysis at the various user
agencies. EPA's major focus in this effort is on respiratory and neurobehavioral
parameters.
Reducing Uncertainties in Risk Assessments-Health. ORD will use results
from early efforts in the reduction of uncertainties in risk assessment program
in the areas of exposure assessment, pharmacokinetics, and biological mechanisms
to begin to develop improved components of risk assessment models.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $10,946,500 for this program supported
by 18.0 total work years. Of this total, $1,141,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses Appropriation and $9,804,800 is from the Research and Development
appropriation.
Human Exposure. Under the Total Human Exposure Assessment/TEAM project OPD
will conduct studies on exposure for a selected group of environmental chemicals.
We will complete a final report on the TEAM study of particles. Measurement
methods for exposure through air, food, water, dermal absorption, and house dust
will be developed. ORD will validate a human exposure model capable of
estimating nationwide exposure to benzene and will initiate a pilot study of body
burden (breath and blood analysis) around major point sources. Studies of
exposure in new microenvironments of interest (vehicles, house dust, etc.) will
be instituted.
NHANES-III. The multi-year, multi-agency NHANES-III program is estimating
the prevalence of disease and functional impairment, providing data on the
distribution of health characteristics (growth and development), monitoring
changes in disease, and identifying new risk factors for disease. EPA is
developing baseline data on measures of pulmonary function and neurobehavioral
parameters. The first three years of data collection will be completed at the
end of FY 1991.
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ft
Reducing Uncertainties in Risk Assessment. ORD is conducting research in
uncertainty assessment, exposure assessment, physiologically based
pharaacokinetic modeling and biologically based dose response modeling.
1990 Accomplishments
«
Human Exposure. ORD has completed the initial phases of a major survey
designed to determine the activity patterns of the population including
lifestyles and use of consumer products. Methods for evaluating exposures to
volatile organics associated with major sources was instituted. The existing
TEAM (Total Exposure Assessment Methodology) program provided direct measures of
human exposures necessary to make estimates of exposure grounded in reality.
Data from each component of the program was used to develop models of human
exposure that can be used for extrapolation to entire populations at risk.
Reducing Uncertainty in Risk Assessments (RURA). ORD conducted research in
uncertainty assessment, exposure assessment, physiologically based
pharmacokinetic (PB-PK) modeling, and biologically based dose response modeling.
A RIHRA program description document was completed and widely distributed to
government, academic and private sector scientists and policy makers.
CORE RESEARCH-RISK REDUCTION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,256,400 for this program supported by 1.0
total workyears of which $356,400 is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $4,900,000 is from the Research and Development appropriation. This request
represents a decrease of 4.0 total work years and an increase from 1991 of
$101,700 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The increase is requested
to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the President's program in
1992. There is also an increase in the Research and Development Appropriation of
$2,000,000 for additional Risk Reduction research.
Pollution Prevention. ORD will expand research in product recycling and
process research. Socioeconomic research will also be increased significantly
(See below.) Technology transfer activities from these areas will expand to
accommodate these growth areas. Expansion of existing databases on state and
local programs, expert contacts, legislation, and case studies will remain an on-
going task with many new entries from local governments and industry. ORD will
create new data bases such as a raw materials substitutes data base; the
innovative clean technology research data base; and the clean technology yellow
book (a comprehensive listing of pollution prevention equipment vendors and
suppliers) which will become primary sources of applications information for
State and local governments and industry network users.
EPA will conduct studies on agricultural and environmental policies that
reduce reliance on synthetic pesticides and fertilizers for sustained food crop
yields and expand the research and demonstration of improved environmental
procedures for users in the agricultural sectors.
ORD will develop training modules and put them into the Pollution Prevention
Information Clearinghouse (PPIC) for training to be used in pollution prevention
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audits and assessments. This will provide states and industry with an array of
training tools and guidance. To highlight pollution prevention options ORD will ^
integrate assessment tools developed by several state agencies and perform site- fl
specific outreach for several industries. University based pollution prevention
centers will be established to foster educational development and training,
audits and community extension services.
ORD will study integrated permit writing to identify and incorporate source
reductions and recycling requirements in permits and conduct demonstrations of
permitting approaches on an industry specific basis. Training workshops will be
conducted. ORD will conduct research on groundwater contamination from
agricultural chemicals and develop systems to identify vulnerable watersheds.
Research will be undertaken to support an approach to pollution prevention that
matches the physical and chemical characteristics of wastes to disposal
environments with which they are naturally most compatible, thereby reducing risk
and pollution control costs.
The Agency will develop pollution prevention strategies for small and medium
scale community planning and implementation strategies on an industrial and
municipal basis. Comparative risk assessments will be conducted on several
consumer products from design through disposal. We will promote pollution
prevention in enforcement settlements using PPIC.
Socioeconomic Research. The selection and implementation of viable, cost-
effective risk reduction approaches is influenced by a variety of legal,
scientific, economic and political factors. The traditional command and control
approach is limited to environmental problems which can be solved with the
current regulatory program. However, many emerging environmental problems Jl
(radon, global climate change, non-point sources, etc.) are not amenable to the ^i
usual command and control approach. Instead, a variety of alternative approaches
for pollution abatement, like enhancing public information and communications,
must be developed. A socioeconomic research strategy will be developed in 1991
and 1992 1992 project decisions will be based on that strategy. Based on
preliminary discussions with the EPA Office of Policy Planning and Evaluation
(OPPE) we expect that socioeconomic research to be conducted in the following
broad areas: risk communication; incentives and disincentives; technical
information dissemination; commercialization and utilization; and education and
training.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $3,154,700 for this program supported
by 5.0 total work years of which $254,700 is Salaries and Expenses funding and
$2,900,000 is Research and Development funding.
Pollution Prevention. During 1991, ORD will emphasize product research,
technology transfer and technical assistance. Product research will be conducted
in the areas of toxics, ozone depleting substances, building material off-gassing
and greenhouse gases. The Science Advisory Board (SAB) is scheduled to review
the draft pollution prevention research strategy in 1991 and it will be finalized
following that review. ORD will conduct research on identifying opportunities
for incorporating pollution prevention practices into the nation's industrial
infrastructure.
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Socioeconomic Research. The Agency will conduct research on resource
pricing and utilization of fossil fuel and lead; the toxic release inventory
pollution prevention reporting format will be pilot tested with specific
industries; and radon test requirements and air pollution alerts will be studied
for their affect on public perceptions and behavior changes. In addition, during
1991 ORD will be developing a socioeconomic research strategy with OPPE. .
1990 Accomplishments
The Agency allocated a total of $2,960,800 for this program, all of which
is in the Research and Development appropriation.
Pollution Prevention. During 1990, ORD expanded the on-going effort in
waste minimization being conducted as part of the Hazardous Waste Research
Program and expanded our pollution prevention research into the socioeconomic and
the consumer and building materials product research areas. We have also started
several multi-year projects through the Administrator's Agency-wide pollution
prevention program and expanded the Pollution Prevention Information
Clearinghouse (PPIC) nationally and internationally through the United Nations
Environmental Program (UNEP).
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
1990 Accomplishments.
The Agency obligated a total of $24,359,300 supported by 13.4 total
workyears for this program. Of this total, $1,025,900 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $23,333,400 was from the Research and Development
appropriation.
See "Core Research-Grants and Centers" Program Element and
"Interdisciplinary Activities" Program Element for discussion.
CORE RESEARCH-GRANTS AND CENTERS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $27,356,300 supported by 12.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,316,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $26,039,900 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. This represents no increase in total work years, an increase from
1991 of $19,900 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This increase is
requested to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the President's
program in 1992. This represents an increase of $400,000 in the Research and
Development appropriation.
Explor ory Research Grants Program. Under the general and Request for
Application, (RFA) solicitations, support will be provided to about 74 new
projects while support will continue for 118 ongoing projects. This program will
emphasize continued improvement in quality of research; coordination with the
Agency's research planning process; dissemination of results from completed
grants; and coordination with other Federal agencies. Seminars and workshops
8-29
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featuring the completed work of grantees will continue in Agency laboratories and
at other locations around the country. An additional $1.0 million is provided
for Minority Research and Public Fellowship programs at various academic
institutions around the country.
Academic Research Centers Program. The Agency's Academic Research Centers
Program supports environmental studies of high priority to the Agency such as
groundwater and hazardous waste control technologies. 1991 was the final year
of financial support for the original eight research centers and the first year
of operation and support for three new ones. Management attention in the centers
will focus on new trends and discoveries from ongoing research studies. An
annual report will summarize the activities and accomplishments of these centers.
Symposia, workshops and publications in journals ensure that information learned
from center studies is shared.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $26,936,400 supported by 12.0 total
workyears for this program. Of this total, $1,296,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $25,639,900 is from the Research and Development
appropriation.
Exploratory Research Grants Program. Under a general solicitation, support
will be granted to about 50 new projects while 103 ongoing projects will get
continuation support. In addition, 10 new and 16 ongoing targeted projects will
be supported in response to the RFA solicitation. Program management will
emphasize: continued improvement in quality of research; coordination with the
Agency's research planning process; dissemination of results from completed
grants; and coordination with other federal agencies. Seminars and workshops
featuring the completed work of grantees will continue in Agency laboratories and
at other locations around the country.
Academic Research Centers Program. The Agency Centers Program supports
studies of high priority such as groundwater and hazardous waste control
technologies. Management attention in the eight operating centers will focus on
new trends and discoveries coming from ongoing research studies. This is the
final year of financial support for the original eight research centers although
some will continue to operate well into FY 1992. Also this year, three new
research centers will be competitively selected to begin operation in FY 1992.
Congressional Directives. A total of $2,900,000 is for the Congressionally-
directed projects of Analysis of Pollution at U.S./Mexico border ($1,900,000),
and for Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research ($1,000,000).
1990 Accomplishments
Exploratory Research Grants Program. In 1990, the Research Grants Program
awarded 87 new grants under the general solicitation and provided continuation
support for 39 ongoing projects. In addition, 20 projects were awarded under the
RFA solicitations.
Academic Research Centers Program. The Environmental Research Centers
program provided continuation support for projects conducted at the eight
university-based research centers.
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CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency is requesting $3,634,000 in the Research and Development
Appropriation to fund EPA/ORD's support of the government-wide initiative for
High Performance Computing capabilities. This will support 1) computer science
research in computer systems, software and algorithms, and networking and
visualization, to increase the ability of high performance computers to
computationally solve much more complex scientific problems and 2) to produce a
generation of scientists and engineers fully capable of using HPC. Environmental
issues that will be addressed by HPC include: Modeling of Acid Rain and
Photochemical Oxidants; Computational Chemistry; Global Climate Change; and
Interface with the Regions/States/Local Government users. The Agency
has identified an additional $1.4 million for work that is underway which is
applicable to the High Performance Computing Initiative.
1991 Program
All but $34,000 of funds related to scientific instrumentation have been
moved to the Lab and Field Expenses category established for intramural expenses.
The amount remaining is to cover expenses in this category prior to the
establishment of new budget categories.
1990 Accomplishments
The Agency allocated $5,979,600 of the Research and Development
Appropriation for scientific equipment in this budget category.
HEADQUARTERS OPERATIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,182,000 in the Research and Development
Appropriation for this budget category to fund administrative expenses in ORD
headquarter's offices and to fund ORD-wide expenses. The administrative expenses
include supplies and materials, equipment, automated data processing services for
headquarter's offices and for ORD-wide data systems, human resources development
training, printing and reproduction, and miscellaneous support services. The
increase of $502,200 is to improve the use of scientific findings in Agency
policy development and decision making.
1991 Program
The Agency has a total of $4,679,800 in this budget category. This category
is new for 1991. It was established in response to new appropriation authority
to fund operating expenses from the Research and Development appropriation.
Funds were moved from expense categories in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation to this budget category.
1990 Accomplishements
This budget category did not exist in 1990.
8-31
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FIELD OPERATIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $36,859.100 in the Research and Development
Appropriation for the following activities in support of the Agency's research
program: scientific and administrative supplies and materials, equipment,
automated data processing services, interagency support agreements, human
resources development (training), laboratory program support, operation of
facilities, miscellaneous support services, printing and reproduction, and
scientific instrumentation. The increase of $6,972,800 is for the replacement
of obsolete scientific instrumentation and to provide operating expenses for the
Agency's laboratory research programs.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $29,886,300 in this budget category.
This category is new for FY 1991. It was established in response to a new
statutory authority to fund operating expenses from the Research and Development
appropriation. Funds were moved from expense categories in the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation, from the Capital Investment budget category, and from the
Laboratory Support budget category.
1990 Accomplishments
This budget category did not exist in 1990.
4
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MULTIMEDIA
ABATEMENT AND CONTROL
Environmental Review and Coordination 8-33
Office of Cooperative Environmental Management 8-38
Multimedia Training Grants 8-41
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MULTIMEDIA
Environmental Review and Coordination
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Environmental Review
and Coordination
Salaries & Expenses $4,855.4 $4,605.8 $4,605.8 $4,867.4 $261.6
Abatement Control $5.837.7 $9,700.0 $9,700.0 $12,400.0 $2,700.0
and Compliance
TOTAL $10,693.1 $14,305.8 $14,305.8 $17,267.4 $2,961.6
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $4,855.4 $4,605.8 $4,605.8 $4,867.4 $261.6
Abatement Control $5,837.7 $9,700.0 $9,700.0 $12,400.0 $2,700.0
and Compliance
Environmental TOTAL $10,693.1 $14,305.8 $14,305.8 $17,267.4 $2,961.6
Review and Coordination
PERMANENT UORICYEARS
Environmental Review
and Coordination
103.8
93.9 93.9 100.0
6.1
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 103.8
93.9 93.9 100.0
6.1
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Environmental Review 108.7 98.0
and Coordination
TOTAL UORICYEARS 108.7 98.0
98.0 100.0
98.0 100.0
2.0
2.0
8-33
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MULTIMEDIA
Environmental Review and Coordination
Budget Request •
The Agency requests a total of $17,267,400 and 100.0 total workyears for
1992, an increase of $2,961,000 and 2.0 total workyears over 1991. Of the
request, $4,867,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$12,400,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance (AC&C)
appropriation. This request represents an increase of $261,600 in the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and $2,700,000 in the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW AND COORDINATION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $17,267,400 and 100.0 total workyears for
1992. Of the request, $4,867,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $12,400,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
(AC&C) appropriation. This represents an increase of $261,600 in the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the
President's program in 1992, a net increase of $2,700,000 in the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation, and an increase of 2.0 total workyears.
The AC&C represents an increase of $3,000,000 for the Indians Program and a
decrease of $300,000 in the Environmental Review and Coordination (ERC) Programs.
No one program will be adversely affected by this decrease.
In 1992, the additional 2.0 workyears and $3,000,000 of AC&C for multi-
media Indian grants will serve to integrate media program and Regional office
efforts to build the capacity of Indian tribes, and enable them to develop,
implement and manage their own environmental protection programs for improving
environmental quality on their lands. AC&C funds will be used innovatively to
tailor national environmental program requirements to the needs and priorities
of Tribal lands. These programs will include consolidated multi-media programs,
especially for smaller reservations, and alternative regulatory and enforcement
structures, such as Tribal consortia and innovative Tribal/state relationships.
The primary focus of these programs is for the development and demonstration of
self-sufficient Tribal environmental programs. An additional increase has been
included under the air media to improve the air quality on Indian lands.
In 1992, the ERC Program will also emphasize cooperation by working with
other Federal agencies at the project design stage and will focus on nonpoint
source and wetland related impacts. This program will continue to emphasize
prevention of significant air and water degradation from proposed major Federal
projects. Particular attention will be given to land management and highway
projects impacting sensitive resource areas. This program will review the
environmental impacts of proposed major Federal actions as required by the
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Section 309 of the Clean Air Act
with the goals of helping Federal agencies mitigate the environmental effects of
their proposed actions and reducing future risk to human health and the
8-34
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environment. It will assure the Agency complies with NEPA and other applicable
laws such as the Endangered Species Act and the National Historic Preservation
Act. This effort will focus on EPA-issued new source national
pollutant discharge elimination system (NPDES) permits in 13 states and on Indian
reservations and for off-shore oil and gas sources, EPA laboratories and
facilities, and remaining projects under the Title II construction grants
program.
AC&C dollars will support Region-specific projects and high-priority
initiatives. Efforts will include implementing the strategic plan, integrating
media program data, continuing state and local outreach activities, and
supporting the Regions in solving geographically specific environmental problems.
The Regions will continue to incorporate pollution prevention initiatives in
multi-media decision making, priority-setting and planning. Efforts will include
establishing community outreach programs, conducting pollution prevention audits,
and providing seed money for special projects and initiatives involving the
states, academia, industry and environmental groups.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $14,305,800 and 98.0 total
workyears, of which $4,605,800 is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $9,700,000 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1991, the ERC Program will review and provide environmental design
information on approximately 300 Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) for major
projects and will conduct approximately 2,000 environmental assessment reviews
involving hydroelectric dams, modifications and flood control/water resource and
transportation projects. The ERC program will follow-up on over 100 of these
projects to resolve environmental problems. This program will focus on liaison
with Federal agencies whose program many affect the environment; early
involvement in the planning cycle for projects with potential for major
environmental disruption; review of Federal projects and long range Agency plans
to ensure proper consideration of the impacts of major environmental changes; and
follow up on projects to ensure resolution of significant environmental issues
identified during environmental reviews.
In 1991, the Indians Program continues to focus on helping Indian Tribes
implement their own environmental programs, consistent with the President's
policy of working with Tribes as governments and Congressional direction to treat
Tribes as states for the purposes of implementing environmental laws. Emphasis
will be on strengthening EPA program coverage on Indian reservations in order to
restore and protect environmental quality and assisting tribal governments in
developing the necessary infrastructure and technical skills to maintain the
future environmental quality of reservation lands. A protocol will be developed
for a nation-wide survey of environmental conditions on Indian lands.
In support of pollution prevention, the Environmental Review and
Coordination Pr' -ram ensures the Agency develops a solid program of compliance
with NEPA and .her applicable statutes for EPA laboratories, facilities
construction anc alterations, new source NPDES permit issuance, and remaining
construction grant activity. Efforts focus on developing state environmental
review capacity for the State Revolving Fund, including agreements with other
Federal agencies setting out a state lead on initial compliance reviews.
8-35
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AC&C dollars will continue to support high priority Region-specific
projects and initiatives which allow the Regions to respond effectively to
unanticipated situations. Examples of these projects include local outreach
activities, strategic planning, environmental education, data integration,
technology transfer, and cross-media enforcement efforts. The numerous pollution
prevention Regional projects funded include : waste minimization projects , support
for local government recycling activities, state/local government Clean Air Act
outreach activities, and multi-media enforcement projects.
As a result of the Office of Enforcement's reorganization to improve
communication between EPA and other Federal agencies in the area of Federal
Facility compliance with environmental laws, new program elements are established
in 1991 (Federal Facilities Enforcement). In 1991, 17.0 total workyears and
$200,000 AC&C are transferred from ERC to establish a separate program element
for the Federal Facilities Enforcement Regional Program.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $10,693,100 supported by 108.7
total workyears, of which $4,855,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,837,700 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1990, the NEPA program provided assistance to delegated state
construction grants programs, ensured that EPA-issued NPDES new source permits
were in compliance with NEPA, assisted EPA ORD laboratories in meeting NEPA
requirements for research and development projects, and assisted EPA Regional
program offices in their efforts to comply with other environmental laws and to
carry out reviews equivalent to NEPA. The Agency also continued to work on the
review of environmental impacts of proposed projects, regulations and other major
Federal actions as required by both NEPA and Section 309 of the Clean Air Act.
The major objective of this program, to minimize the adverse environmental impact
of Federal proposals, was accomplished by: (1) effective liaison with other
Federal agencies, (2) early identification of significant environmental issues,
and (3) timely review of major actions. Specific NEPA reviews completed in 1990
included: wastewater treatment facilities in Boston, District of Columbia, North
Dakota and Oregon; NPDES permits on power plants in Florida and New England and
seafood processing in Alaska; and EPA facility expansion in San Francisco and
North Carolina. This program also concluded an agreement on EPA compliance with
the National Historic Preservation Act for the State Revolving Fund (SRF).
Efforts were also initiated on agreements for compliance with the Endangered
Species Act for Superfund and SRF.
In 1990, the Indian Program increased communications with Indian tribes
through use of the Agency Communications Plan. A list of agency employees with
Indian Program responsibilities was developed and sent to all tribal leaders.
Semi-annual updates of the listing are planned; one such revision occurred in
1990. Representatives of the Indian program have joined with media program staff
to provide outreach and training for tribal leaders and employees on a variety
of environmental protection issues including waste disposal and emergency
response. The Cherokee Tribe of North Carolina received a grant to demonstrate
their surface water quality protection methods to the other tribes in the
Southeastern United States (e.g., Mississippi Choctaw, Seminole, Miccosukee,
etc.) In the area of direct technical assistance to aid tribes in developing
8-36
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their own programs in lieu of direct federal implementation, the program has
provided Senior Environmental Employees who have visited reservations and aided
tribal staff in developing tribal-specific responses to the unique environmental
problems on Indian lands. The identification of priority environmental problems
on Indian reservations was furthered by program participation in the Indian
Resources Task Force and by the development of a draft protocol for a nation-wide
survey of environmental conditions on Indian lands.
The Federal Facilities program reviewed the cost, timeliness and
engineering specifications on approximately 3,000 existing and proposed federal
facility projects to ensure the adequacy in complying with all applicable
environmental statutory and regulatory requirements in accordance with OMB
Circular A-106; assisted in conducting 97 multi-media inspections at federal
facilities targeted as priorities based on historical non-compliance, seriousness
of violations with respect to risk to human health and the environment, and
strategic deterrence to non-compliance; and implemented a nationally coordinated
technology transfer program to improve voluntary compliance involving training,
technical assistance on regulatory matters, and development of a long term
technology strategy regarding compliance capabilities, waste minimization and
pollution prevention.
8-37
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MULTIMEDIA
Office Of Cooperative Environmental Management
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
'(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Office Of Cooperative
Environmental
Management
Salaries & Expenses $1,154.7 $804.0 $804.0 $1,242.1 $438.1
Abatement Control $1,798.3 $2,058.2 $2,058.2 $2,058.2 0.0
and Compliance
TOTAL $2,953.0 $2,862.2 $2,862.2 $3,300.3 $438.1
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $1,154.7 $804.0 $804.0 $1,242.1 $438.1
Abatement Control $1,798.3 $2.058.2 $2,058.2 $2,058.2 0.0
and Compliance
Office Of TOTAL $2,953.0 $2,862.2 $2,862.2 $3,300.3 $438.1
Cooperative Environmental
Mangement
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office Of Cooperative 13.7 16.0 16.0 16.0 0.0
Environmental
Management
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS 13.7 16.0 16.0 16.0 0.0
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Office Of Cooperative 15.3 16.0 16.0 16.0 0.0
Environmental
Management
TOTAL WORKYEARS 15.3 16.0 16.0 16.0 0.0
8-38
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Multimedia
Cooperative Environmental Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,300,300 supported by 16.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,242,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,058,200 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $438,100 in the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the
President's program in 1992, no change in the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, and no change in total workyears from 1991.
Cooperative Environmental Management
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,300,300 supported by 16.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,242,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,058,200 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $438,100 in the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the
President's program in 1992, no change in the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, and no change in total workyears from 1991.
This program will continue to develop a national program that identifies,
documents, and disseminates selective exemplary environmental practices;
establishes a national network of environmental technical experts; expands EPA's
academic and vocational infrastructure through environmental management
institutes; assures continued growth in the management of EPA's National Network
for Environmental Management Studies (NNMES); maintains essential support to the
Administrator's National Advisory Council for Environmental Policy and Technology
Transfer (NACEPT) (formerly NACETT) and its four committees, and oversees the
response to recommendations accepted by the Administrator; and identifies and
promotes the development and use of needed new and innovative environmental
technologies through appropriate cooperative efforts with organizations and
institutions outside EPA by identifying and initiating efforts to remedy
administrative and other barriers to the development and use of needed new
environmental technology.
In addition, this program will continue to seek and assess new and existing
environmental technologies outside of the Agency for possible use by the Agency
or by others and will do so with the assistance of experts in academia;
technological leaders in business and industry; and in other Federal, State and
local agencies.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,862,200 supported by 16.0
total workyears for this program of which $804,000 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,058,200 is from the Abatement, Control and
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Compliance appropriation. The program is continuing to develop a national
program to identify, document and disseminate selected environmental "best
practices" that constitute model approaches worthy of replication; establish a
national network of environmental experts and communication focal points at the
Federal and state levels of government; expand EPA's academic and vocational
infrastructure ties through the development of regionally based cooperative
environmental management institutes; assure continued growth in the management
of EPA's National Network for Environmental Management Studies (NNMES); and
create and staff the Administrator's National Advisory Council for Environmental
Policy and Technology Transfer to address issue areas of national concern. In
cooperation with Program and Regional Offices, and State and local agencies, this
program will continue to identify and promote innovative environmental management
and implementation strategies through ongoing program development activities and
demonstrations. In cooperation with the Office of Research and Development
(ORD), it will promote and support activities required by the Federal Technology
Transfer Act of 1986 (FTTA) and the President's Executive Order 12591 to
accelerate the development and commercialization of needed new (environmental)
technology. In addition, this program will manage the Administrator's National
Small Community Regulatory Outreach program.
Finally, this program seeks and assesses new and existing environmental
technologies outside of the Agency for possible use by the Agency or by others
with the assistance of experts in academia; technological leaders in business and
industry; and in other Federal, state and local agencies.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $2,953,000 supported by 15.3 total
workyears, of which $1,154,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $1,798,300 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
During 1990, the following accomplishments were achieved: promoted, and
supported within the Agency, the Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 and
Executive Order 12591; supported a wide array of new program-specific, Region-
specific and Agency-wide initiatives to improve the implementation of EPA
programs through improved information sharing within and outside the Agency;
supported the university-led consortia to assess the efficacy of newly developed
environmental technologies and promoted the commercialization of those
technologies found to be needed and efficacious; maintained a program to
disseminate case studies of environmental best practices; and maintained a
network of technology transfer focal points in each Headquarters and Regional
Office and in each state; created and staffed the Administrator's National
Advisory Council for Environmental Policy and Technology. The Office also
managed the Administrator's National Small Community Regulatory Outreach Program
and the National Network for Environmental Management Studies (NNCMS) graduate
fellowship Program.
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MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia Training Grants
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(COLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Academic Training
Abatement Control S523.3 $1,000.0 $1,000.0 -$1,000.0
and Compliance
TOTAL $523.3 $1,000.0 $1,000.0 -$1,000.0
TOTAL:
Abatement Control $523.3 $1,000.0 $1,000.0 -$1,000.0
and Compliance
Multimedia TOTAL $523.3 $1,000.0 $1,000.0 -$1,000.0
Training Grants
8-41
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Multimedia
Multimedia Training Grants
Budget Request •
The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1992.
MULTIMEDIA TRAINING GRANTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1992.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency allocated $1,000,000 from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation for this program to develop course materials for
state/local technical staff training through community colleges and more
generally, to carry out environmental workforce planning and development
activities.
Congressional Directive. A total of $1,000,000 is for Congressionally-
directed Academic Training.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated $523,300 for this program, which provided
academic and professional training to State and local environmental personnel in
the areas of pollution control and environmental engineering. The program also
provided economic support through fellowships and training grants to minority
students allowing them to receive academic training in the environmental field.
Support was provided to community colleges to link secondary schools and post-
secondary institutions to a more rounded environmental career education program.
8-42
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
•
Page
MULTIMEDIA
ENFORCEMENT
Enforcement Policy and Technical Support 8-43
Enforcement Policy and Operations 8-45
Criminal Investigations Program 8-51
Technical Support 8-54
Federal Facilities Enforcement 8-56
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MULTIMEDIA
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Technical Support
Office of Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses $3,345.8 $4,640.0 $4,640.0 $5,325.7 $685.7
Abatement Control $1,514.3 $2,566.5 $2,566.5 $2,466.5 -$100.0
and Compliance
TOTAL $4,860.1 $7,206.5 $7,206.5 $7,792.2 $585.7
Enforcement Policy &
Operations
Salaries & Expenses $16,960.0 $21,131.4 $21,130.6 $24,516.1 $3,385.5
Abatement Control $1,442.0 $2.117.0 $2,117.0 $3,517.0 $1,400.0
and Compliance
Registration and $60.9 $327.3 $327.3 -$327.3
Expedited Processing
Ocean Dumping Act $116.0 $116.0 -$116.0
TOTAL $18,462.9 $23,691.7 $23,690.9 $28,033.1 $4,342.2
Criminal Investigation
Program
Salaries & Expenses $3,268.2 $4,809.2 $4,809.2 $6,026.9 $1,217.7
TOTAL $3,268.2 $4,809.2 $4,809.2 $6,026.9 $1,217.7
Federal Facilities
Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses $1,089.0 $1,089.0 $1,704.0 $615.0
Abatement Control and $200.0 $200.0 $200.0 0.0
Compliance
TOTAL $1,289.0 $1,289.0 $1,904.0 $615.0
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $23,574.0 $31,669.6 $31,668.8 $37,572.7 $5,903.9
Abatement Control $2,956.3 $4,883.5 $4,883.5 $6,183.5 $1,300.0
&nd Compli&nct
Registration and $60.9 $327.3 $327.3 -$327.3
Expedited Processing
Ocean Dumping Act $116.0 $116.0 -$116.0
Enforcement TOTAL $26,591.2 $36,996.4 $36,995.6 $43,756.2 $6,760.6
Policy & Technical Support
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Technical Support 51.4 69.7 69.7 72.7 3.0
Office of Enforcement
Enforcement Policy & 286.2 382.9 382.9 414.9 32.0
Operations
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MULTIMEDIA
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Criminal Investigation 45.6 64.7 64.7 73.7 9.0
Program
Federal Facilities 21.5 21.5 31.5 10.0
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT. UORKYEARS 383.2 538.8 538.8 592.8 54.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Technical Support 54.1 69.7 69.7 72.7 3.0
Office of Enforcement
Enforcement Policy & 308.2 398.9 398.9 414.9 16.0
Operat i ons
Criminal Investigation 45.6 64.7 64.7 73.7 9.0
Program
Federal Facilities 21.5 21.5 31.5 10.0
Enforcement
TOTAL UORKYEARS 407.9 554.8 554.8 592.8 38.0
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MULTIMEDIA
Enforcement Policy and Te.hnical Support
Budget Request
The Agency requests a tot.:l of $43,756,2(0 supported by 592.8 total
workyears for 1992. Of the request, $37,572,700 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $6,183,500 will be for the Abatement, Control, and
Compliance appropriation. This request represents increases of $5,903,900 for
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $1,300,000 for the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation, and 38.0 total workyears for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation. No workyear increases are requested for the
Reregistration and Expedited Processing Revolving Fund or the Ocean Dumping Fund.
ENFORCEMENT POLICY AND OPERATIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests $28,033,100 supported by 414.9 total workyears for
this program of which $24,516,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and $3,517,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. Total workyears will include 407.9 from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, 5.0 total workyears from the Reregistration and Expedited
Processing Revolving Fund, and 2.0 from the Ocean Dumping Fund. This request
represents: an increase of $3,385,500 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
from 1991 to fund the Federal workforce needed to implemer.t the President's
program in 1992; $1,400,000 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation; and 16.0 for Salaries and Expenses workyears. There is no change
in workyears for the Reregistration and Expedited Processing Revolving Fund, or
from the Ocean Dumping Revolving Fund. The increase in the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation reflects initiatives related to the National
Enforcement Training Institute (NETI) authorized by the Pollution Prosecution Act
and more effective enforcement through more comprehensive case screening,
targeting, and data integration. The workyear increases are related to
implementation of the Clean Air Act Amendments, to support for cross-media and
criminal enforcement efforts, and to training initiatives.
The goal of this program is to respond to instances of non-compliance with
environmental statutes with consistent, timely, and effective enforcement
actions. Resources requested by Headquarters and the Regions reflect anticipated
workload for administrative enforcement actions, new and ongoing civil and
criminal judicial litigation and a number of enforcement initiatives related to
improving the effectiveness of national enforcement efforts, such as cross-media
and geographic initiatives. In 1992, 2.0 additional workyears a- Headquarters
are requested for managing a new program for administrative , mpliance and
penalty orders as contained in the Clean Air Act Amendments. Clean Air Act legal
resources will also be utilized in preparing legal materials for administrative
hearings, reviewing for enforceability the regulations to be promulgated under
the reauthorized Clean Air Act, and developing cases where Headquarters has the
lead, primarily cases involving stratospheric ozone and wood stoves.
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In 1992, Headquarters staff will build upon the initial efforts of 1990 and
1991 to integrate the data management systems of the Agency to facilitate access
to compliance information across media, industries, pollutants, or geographic
areas by regional staff. An increase of 2.0 workyears will be devoted to
implementing a National Enforcement Training Institute. The increased workyears,
coupled with 1.0 workyear at the National Enforcement Investigations Center
(NEIC) will ensure the expansion of legal, technical, and investigative capacity
both in the Regions and the States by development of appropriate multi-
disciplinary and cross-media training courses. Relatively high staff turnover
levels coupled with frequent statutory changes have heightened the need for
training at both the entry and experienced staff levels. These needs must be met
to ensure continued high quality enforcement actions.
A net increase in Abatement, Control and Compliance of $1,400,000 in 1992
is requested, including $1,000,000 to be devoted to overall design of the new
National Enforcement Training Institute. These funds will implement provisions
of the Pollution Prosecution Act, enabling new course development for training
legal, technical, and investigative staff. A requested increase for contract
dollars of $500,000 will facilitate development of automated systems which will
enable integration of the Agency's enforcement information systems and improve
the access of Agency personnel to compliance data. Such access will improve the
capability for targeting and screening enforcement actions and thereby improve
both the deterrence value of enforcement and the environmental benefit of
enforcement actions undertaken. Base contract resources have been adjusted (-
$100,000) to facilitate a larger effort in these two areas which support
Presidential priorities.
The Regions will be responsible for initiating new enforcement actions
based upon statutory, regulatory, and programmatic directives. Higher projected
levels of administrative orders, civil judicial referrals and litigation will
require legal support. Regional legal resources will respond to growth in the
numbers of criminal investigations, referrals, and indictments, which are
expected to occur as a result of the expansion of the criminal investigation
program.
In the Regions, an additional 8.0 workyears are requested in 1992 to
implement the enforcement provisions of the Clean Air Act Amendments.
Administrative penalty authority and other enforcement provisions are expected
to dramatically affect levels of enforcement activity. A workyear increase of
4.0, which will be supplemented by reprogramming within the base, is requested
to provide a focus in each Region for cross-media initiatives. The 2.5 workyears
added by the Congress in 1991 for Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know
Act (EPCRA) activities are included within base resources in 1992 and will
continue to concentrate on enforcement actions involving Toxic Release Inventory
data.
In 1992, 2.0 workyears at Headquarters and 3.0 workyears in the Regions
will work on enforcement activities resulting from reregistration requirements
of FIFRA 88 legislation. The Regions will also provide legal support to
enforcement actions related to Ocean Dumping legislation.
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1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $23,690,900 supported by 398.9
total workyears for this program, of which $21,130,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation, $2,117,000 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, $327,300 is from the Reregistration and Expedited Processing Fund,
and $116,000 is from the Oceari Dumping Fund. Total workyears include 391.9 from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, 5.0 workyears from the Reregistration
and Expedited Processing Revolving Fund, and 2.0 workyears from the Ocean Dumping
Fund.
The 1991 enforcement program reflects to a large extent the initial
implementation of both the Four-Year Strategic Plan for Enforcement developed in
1990 and the reauthorized Clean Air Act. Implementation efforts at Headquarters
include: an enhanced emphasis on regulation review for enforceability; a data
integration project to support targeting enforcement actions; expanded emphasis
on training, especially attorney training; increased effort on communicating
enforcement actions to create a deterrent impact in the regulated community;
increased communication and networking within the Agency; improved coordination
with units of government involved in environmental enforcement; support of
enforcement initiatives of media offices; increased emphasis on innovative use
of EPA's enforcement authorities, such as contractor listing, environmental
auditing and pollution prevention measures; screening of enforcement actions for
the most appropriate enforcement response to violations through introduction of
a screening capability in Regional Offices; and expanded efforts in detecting
and resolving multi-media environmental violations in the areas of criminal
enforcement and federal facility enforcement.
Headquarters staff, in conjunction with regional components, are developing
national civil judicial, administrative, and criminal enforcement policies that
ensure a consistent and appropriate application of environmental statutes.
Criminal enforcement staff are developing a system to make criminal sentencing
a more efficient enforcement tool through probation revocation, and are working
with the Regions on enforcement strategies related to illegal export of hazardous
waste, medical wastes, filling of wetlands, and groundwater contamination due to
disposal of mining wastes. In addition, Headquarters staff are participating in
a number of cross-media or geographic initiatives such as the Great Lakes
Initiative to reduce toxic and other harmful loadings in the Great Lakes basin,
and enforcement actions aimed at preventing further pollution loading of the
Chesapeake Bay.
Air enforcement work will concentrate on the new enforcement provisions of
the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, including procedures for expanded
administrative enforcement authority (including administrative penalties and
field citations), guidance for new citizen suit provisions, and development of
compliance certification requirements. The areas of acid rain, permit programs,
and air toxics control will be addressed in key rulemakings which require review
to assure enforceability. A multimedia enforcement initiative will be undertaken
to reduce lead emissions. RCRA enforcement work, greatly influenced by the
findings of the RCRA Implementation Study, will focus on efforts to enforce
provisions of the land disposal restrictions, the toxicity characteristics rule,
and corrective action. Nationally significant litigation will be supported, as
well as geographic and industry-specific enforcement targeting. A RCRA
newsletter focussing on enforcement developments and precedent-setting
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administrative and judicial decisions will improve communication to both the
regulated community and to regional and state attorneys.
Aggressive enforcement use will continue to be made of the Toxics Release
Inventory information, using authorities under the Emergency Preparedness
Community Right-to-Know Act. Continued enforcement effort will be placed upon
addressing the President's goal of no net loss of wetlands through a Wetlands
Enforcement Initiative jointly undertaken with the Department of Justice and the
Army Corps of Engineers. In addition, Public Water Supply Program enforcement
of coliform and maximum contamination levels, including lead, will continue to
be emphasized.
In 1991, Regional legal resources are being directed to support of program
enforcement priorities in all media. Levels of effort include continuing work
on prior enforcement initiatives and base programs, including CWA National
Municipal Policy cases, RCRA regulatory requirements for land ban and corrective
action; TSCA enforcement related to PCB's, asbestos, and reporting requirements
under Sections 5 and 8; and EPCRA violations of reporting requirements.
Regional staff are also directing considerable effort to
improving the speed and effectiveness of the enforcement process. Innovative
Regional techniques for targeting and case screening (single or multi-media) will
be an enforcement focus. Regional legal enforcement resources will be an
integral part of strategic planning, targeting and screening activities.
Violations will be reviewed for timely and appropriate response as well as for
potential multi-media enforcement.
At the start of 1991, 646 active consent decrees were being monitored to
ensure compliance with their provisions. Regional Counsel staff will also
provide legal support to follow-up enforcement actions related to the Ocean
Dumping legislation. The Regions have primary responsibility for implementation
of enforcement activities resulting from the reregistration requirements of FIFRA
88.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $18,462,900 supported by 308.2
total workyears for this program, of which $16,960,000 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation, $1,442,000 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, and $60,900 from the Reregistration and Expedited Processing
Revolving Fund. Total workyears included 307.3 from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and 0.9 from the Reregistration and Expedited Processing Revolving
Fund.
A major achievement in 1990 was development and initial implementation of
an Enforcement Four-Year Strategic Plan which ensures an aggressive, cohesive,
and planned enforcement program in the years ahead. This comprehensive plan,
which has both media-specific (i.e. air, water, toxics, etc.) and cross-media
components, will facilitate a strengthened enforcement program--the key to both
protection of human health and the environment, and promotion of pollution
prevention and waste minimization on the part of the regulated community.
Elements of the Strategic Plan include: targeting of compliance monitoring and
enforcement resources to achieve environmental goals; screening for enforcement
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response to realize the full potential of enforcement authorities in addressing
violations; and gaining the maximum leverage from each enforcement action in
terms of deterrence and incentives to the regulated community to prevent
pollution and minimize waste. Implementation of the plan involves the joint
efforts of federal, State, and local programs, and envisions increased efforts
to build enforcement and compliance monitoring capacities in partnership with
State and local governments.
In 1990, the enforcement program continued aggressive pursuit of
environmental violators through the use of a broad spectrum of enforcement tools,
achieving the highest level of enforcement actions in the history of the Agency.
EPA referred to the Department of Justice (DOJ) for prosecution 381 civil
judicial cases addressing violations of environmental laws, of which 157 were
CERCLA cases. In addition, EPA's criminal enforcement program referred a total
of 64 criminal cases to DOJ in 1990, an increase over 1989 referrals. Civil
judicial and criminal enforcement efforts were augmented by a continuing high
level of administrative enforcement actions which put to effective use increased
administrative penalty authorities granted by the Congress within reauthorized
statutes. The deterrence value of these actions was magnified by increased
efforts to publicize enforcement initiatives undertaken. One especially
noteworthy example of this impact is the filing of 23 administrative civil
penalty actions during a one-week period under the dual authorities of the
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) and CERCLA. This
initiative, which involved multi-statute cases, received the notice of the trade
press, and generated pollution prevention settlement provisions.
During 1990, active judicial consent decrees being monitored by regional
legal staff to ensure compliance with their provisions grew from 588 at the
beginning of the year to 646. Where non-compliance with the terms and conditions
of a consent decree was found, the Agency initiated contempt proceedings with the
court to compel compliance. EPA initiated 33 such contempt actions in 1990.
Preliminary statistics indicate that a record $37,197,622 in civil judicial
penalties were assessed in 1990. Penalty actions and fines particularly worthy
of note are: the largest civil judicial fine ever collected in the history of
EPA ($15,000,000 from Texas Eastern) ; the largest fine ever collected for a TSCA
import violation (BASF Corporation); the largest TSCA fine collected for illegal
chemical manufacture (AT&T); significant penalties assessed under RCRA (BFI and
CECOS, $1,550,000; and Vineland Chemical, $1,223,000); Clean Water Act
settlements of over $2 million each in enforcement actions against B. P. Oil, and
Menominee Paper; and the first FIFRA case ever filed for more than $1,000,000
in proposed penalties. Training was delivered to both Federal and state
enforcement personnel related to "Basic Enforcement Negotiations Skills" and the
penalf models "BEN and ABEL" which quantify the benefit to industry of an
envirt .mental violation and an assessment of a defendant's ability to pay
penalties or fines. The BEN model enjoyed widespread use by personnel throughout
the Agency and in 31 States.
The contractor listing program as a compliance tool was used against a
record number of facilities in 1990. Twenty facilities were listed based on
criminal convictions--twice as many as in any prior year. One facility was
removed from the list following a removal hearing--the first such hearing--which
established precedential criteria for removals. Discretionary listings were
pursued aggressively. Three were withdrawn after facilities agreed to compliance
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schedules acceptable to EPA. Discretionary listings against seven facilities
were pending at year end.
The enforcement thrust of 1990 gained momentum from a number of related
activities. Examples of accomplishments include the following:
o Innovative settlements such as: implementation of a 160-facility
environmental audit at BASF Corporation and Inmont Division; a vinyl
chloride NESHAP settlement in which an industrial source agreed to
conduct periodic environmental audits to ensure environmental
compliance; reduction in ozone depleting chemicals subject to EPCRA
at 3-V Chemical; reduction in 500,000 pounds of hazardous solid
waste in connection with a TSCA Premanufacturing Notice settlement
with Sherex Chemicals; a cleanup of RCRA-regulated wastes at P. D.
George.
o Management of a collaborative effort Enforcement in the 1990's
Project culminating in the issuance of reports which analyzed and
made recommendations on six key elements of the enforcement program:
state/federal roles; local government role; environmental measures
of success; innovative enforcement; leveraging enforcement; and
ensuring enforceability of rulemaking.
o Development of a Wetlands Enforcement Initiative under the Clean
Water Act (CWA) Section 404 in conjunction with the Department of
Justice and the Army Corps of Engineers to address the President's
goal of no net loss of wetlands.
o Implementation of a CWA Pretreatment Initiative including a number
of major cases filed against industrial violators.
o Initiation of enforcement actions to support the Great Lakes
Initiative to reduce toxic and other harmful loadings in the Great
Lakes basin.
o Implementation of a new initiative in criminal enforcement involving
international shipments of waste and hazardous substances.
o Support for litigation against Interstate Lead Company, American
Brass, BFI and CECOS International, Inc., Environmental Waste
Control, Sanders Lead, and Escambia Treating Company involving
priority RCRA regulatory requirements including corrective action,
land disposal restrictions, ground water monitoring, and closure and
post-closure requirements.
o Launching of a Chloroflourocarbon (CFC) Enforcement Initiative to
protect the stratospheric ozone by filing five civil cases against
CFC importers who lacked necessary consumption allowances.
o Joint sponsorship with the Netherlands of the first International
Enforcement Workshop on the Environment, in May 1990 in Utrecht, the
Netherlands, which resulted in published proceedings on enforcement
program design and strategies to address significant environmental
priorities.
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Regional legal enforcement staff in 1990 began carrying out two innovative
enforcement emphases: the first includes pilot implementation of multi-media
enforcement approaches; and the second involves Regional case screening to
ensure systematic consideration of the appropriate use of all enforcement tools
in initiating enforcement actions. In addition to legal support of new civil
referrals taken in response to media program enforcement priorities, the Regions
supported several multi-media and geographical enforcement initiatives including
the Chesapeake Bay and Great Lakes Basin.
In 1990, Regional legal resources were also devoted to administrative and
criminal enforcement actions in support of media program enforcement priorities,
follow through on cases on the ongoing docket, and tracking of consent decree
provisions to ensure compliance. Effective use was made of administrative
penalty provisions under the Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act. In
RCRA, enforcement efforts concentrated on corrective action requirements, and
closure and post-closure requirements.
Headquarters legal staff in 1990 were also involved in the writing of
regulations for FIFRA new reregistration requirements, development of response
policies, and supported Regional staff in initial enforcement actions. In 1990,
Regional Counsel provided legal enforcement support to negotiation of enforcement
and compliance agreements for violators of ocean dumping permits.
CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS PROGRAM
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,026,900 supported by 73.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $1,217,700 and 9.0 total workyears
from 1991. The Salaries and Expenses increase will fund the Federal workforce
needed to implement the President's program in FY 1992. The workyear increase
will provide additional criminal investigators and support staff to strengthen
environmental enforcement, enforce the criminal provisions of the reauthorized
Clean Air Act, and incrementally implement the provisions of the Pollution
Prosecution Act. Investigators will pursue significant leads of potential
criminal violation of environmental statutes concentrating on those violations
involving the greatest risk to human health or the environment, which are either
referred to other law enforcement agencies or not addressed. Specifically, the
additional agents will enable the Office of Criminal Investigations to focus on
transboundary, Canadian and Mexican, movements of hazardous and toxic substances
(e.g. maquiladoras industries located on the U.S. side of the Mexican border),
illegal hazardous waste disposal cases, improper fill of wetlands, and violations
of the Clean Water Act.
The Pollution Prosecution Act requires the Agency to:
"... increase the number of criminal investigators assigned to the Office
of Criminal Investigations by such numbers as may be necessary to assure
that the number of criminal investigators assigned to the office for the
period October 1, 1991 through September 30, 1992 is not less than 72...
For fiscal years 1991, and in each of the next following 4 fiscal years,
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the Administrator shall, during each such fiscal year, provide increasing
number of additional support staff to the Office of Criminal
Investigations."
The 9.0 additional workyears will allow the Agency to comply with the
requirement for 72 criminal investigators (including Superfund investigators) .in
1992 (1991 base of 66.1 workyears plus 7.0 additional investigator workyears in
1992). Increased resources are needed in 1992 to respond to the changing nature
of the program based on Congressional emphasis on criminal enforcement as
enabling legislation is reauthorized. Congress has provided options for criminal
prosecution in addition to those which exist for civil prosecution.
Misdemeanors have become felonies, potential fines have been increased, and
maximum jail sentences have been lengthened. Added investigators are also
requested due to the emerging trend toward investigations of larger facilities
and major incidents which requires special agents from more than one Region to
provide an adequate investigative force. (A recent example includes the Rocky
Flats investigation.)
An effective Criminal Investigations Program requires unique expense costs
for undercover operations, purchase of information or evidence, support vehicles,
guns and ammunition, and specialized equipment such as night scopes and
monitoring devices. A significant cost of the program is Administratively
Uncontrollable Overtime which by law must be paid based on the investigator's
full salary. These Salary and Expense Costs have been included in our request.
The Criminal Investigations Program acts to deter forcefully criminal
violations of environmental laws and regulations by demonstrating to the
regulated community that knowing and willful statutory violations will be met
with harsh sanctions in terms of both fines and jail sentences. Such deterrence
contributes to pollution prevention as facility operators realize they can go to
jail if they pollute illegally. The publicity generated by criminal cases as
John Borowski and Paul Tudor Jones II creates a ripple effect of voluntary
compliance. Criminal investigations and enforcement constitute a highly visible
and effective force in the Agency's enforcement strategy. As environmental
statutes have been reauthorized with new or enhanced criminal authorities, the
Criminal Enforcement Program has become a more integral part of EPA's enforcement
efforts. Program priorities are based upon Agency guidance, the Agency's
Enforcement Four-Year Strategic Plan, individual media program compliance, and
Regional office enforcement strategies.
The Office of Criminal Investigations (OCI) works in close cooperation with
state environmental crimes units and other Federal law enforcement agencies,
effectively multiplying the visibility and deterrence of criminal enforcement in
the environmental protection arena. Criminal investigative staff perform the
following major functions: screening investigative leads and developing
significant leads into cases; referring appropriate leads to other law
enforcement agencies, and pursuing joint investigations when circumstances
warrant; pursuing significant investigations and developing referral material for
grand jury action; providing technical support and information for Grand Jury
decisions on indictment and throughout the trial or pleading process; and
managing the criminal judicial docket and criminal information index.
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1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,809,200 supported by 64.7
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
Priority is given to investigations, cases, and remedial actions having the
highest potential for avoiding environmental harm and protecting public health.
In 1991 the Criminal Program is emphasizing:
o rigorous criminal investigations, particularly with respect to potential
or documented willful violations of the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act (RCRA), Clean Air Act Amendments (especially air toxic strategy),
toxics in all media, and municipal and pretreatment compliance.
o Federal facility compliance. A number of precedent-setting criminal cases
such as Rocky Flats or Aberdeen Proving Ground have heightened interest by
the Departments of Defense and Energy and other Federal agencies in
meeting environmental standards.
o continuing the improvement in case management begun in 1990 through more
efficient use of investigative resources and greater accessibility of
criminal investigators to Regional staff and Assistant U.S. Attorneys.
o close partnership with state environmental crime units and other Federal
law enforcement agencies. Assisting and training States in building their
own criminal enforcement capability leverages limited Federal staff
resources and effectively multiplies the visibility and deterrent message
of criminal enforcement of environmental statutes.
o improved information access, technical investigation and evidence audit
support.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,268,200 supported by 45.6 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
In 1990, emphasis was placed on rigorous criminal enforcement of willful
violations of RCRA, air toxic strategy, toxics in all media, and Clean Water Act.
Priority was given to investigations and cases with the greatest apparent
potential for preventing environmental harm and protecting public health, such
as the prosecution of Phil J. Lambert. David Cohen & John Meighan and Great
Western Inorganics. OCI continued its commitment to concentrate on larger
facilities and major incidents.
Emphasis was also placed on increasing the effectiveness of Federal
environmental enforcement and coordination. Examples include: preparation of the
Memorandum of Understanding with the Federal Bureau of Investigations concerning
conduct and support for investigations into environmental crimes; and
participation in the drafting of the new Federal Sentencing Guidelines. In
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addition, new emphasis was placed on investigating Federal facility compliance.
State and local capabilities to detect, investigate and prosecute
environmental crimes were significantly enhanced through training courses
provided by the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center. In furthering the
Agency's priority for international environmental enforcement and pollution
prevention, OCI implemented 'a new initiative on criminal enforcement involving
international shipments of waste and hazardous substances.
There were 65 criminal referrals (including 1 CERCLA referral) for 1990 as
compared to 60 referrals for 1989, which continues the Agency's pattern of steady
increases in cases referred to the Department of Justice for criminal prosecution
of environmental crimes. Although the primary objectives of the program are to
deter potential polluters and to catch violators, the program also assesses
substantial fines each year. In 1989 $11,552,000 in fines were assessed, and in
1990 $5,513,000 in fines were assessed.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,792,200 supported by 72.7 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,325,700 will be for Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,466,500 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $685,700 for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the
President's program in FY 1992, a decrease of $100,000 for the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation, and an increase of 3.0 total workyears from 1991.
The Salaries and Expenses increase also reflects $250,000 for an
Institutional Fund at the National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) .
This fund will allow the NEIC to upgrade and modernize the scientific equipment
needed to operate a specialized environmental laboratory facility. Replacement
costs of laboratory equipment are expenses which are independent of personnel
levels and, therefore, require separate itemization from normal salaries and
support costs. The decrease in Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects small
reductions to various activities and will not impact any program area.
An increase of 2.0 workyears is requested to provide technical support for
the additional criminal investigators. An increase of 1.0 workyears at NEIC will
complement the 2.0 workyears requested at Headquarters for the design and
delivery of training courses through the National Enforcement Training Institute
(NETI) .
In 1992, the NEIC will utilize data integration tools and methodologies to
promote targeting and multi-media investigations. Enforcement targeting will
incorporate the results of analyses on industrial sectors, corporations,
pollutants, geographical areas, and risks to human health and the environment.
In addition, the NEIC will continue to provide support to the Agency's civil and
criminal enforcement programs and responses to FBI requests.
The NEIC will continue to provide high quality technical support to the
Agency's enforcement program in developing cases that (a) have precedential
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implications; (b) have multi-Regional or multi-media impacts; (c) require the
innovative applications of engineering and scientific technology to resolve
complex pollution issues; or (d) exceed a Region's technical capability or
resources. The NEIC will also provide Federal and state enforcement personnel
with training on multi-media investigations, work with EPA Regional Environmental
Services Divisions (ESDs) to build their field, laboratory, and multi-media
support capabilities, and provide technical assistance to the Regions on complex
multi-media investigations and facility audits.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,206,500 supported by 69.7
total workyears for this program, of which $4,640,000 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,566,500 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
The National Enforcement Investigations Center will provide technical
consultation and assistance to meet the Agency's enforcement goals and objectives
through information and data reviews and analysis; reconnaissance inspections;
field investigations; laboratory analyses; evidence audit support; report
preparation; training; supplemental technical information development; fully
defensible evidence and work products meeting all chain-of-custody and document
control requirements; fact and expert technical testimony; and expertise in
negotiating the technical aspects of consent decrees.
In 1991, the NEIC is providing assistance to Headquarters and Regional
Offices in the development of Regional enforcement targeting pilots. Case
support will emphasize those facilities identified by targeting based on multi-
media violations and risk assessment techniques. Targeted cases will result in
maximum environmental benefit; are precedential, large-scale and/or technically
complex; are likely to require environmental auditing including multi-media and
corporate-wide compliance; and will encompass waste minimization and pollution
prevention concepts whenever possible, as well as traditional control measures.
The NEIC will continue to operate a national information service providing
information to the environmental enforcement community on both civil and criminal
case matters. This service provides access to the automated information systems
and databases necessary for enforcement case preparation and the development of
initiatives commensurate with Agency enforcement policies and practices.
The NEIC operates a full-scale environmental laboratory facility for the
analysis and evaluation of samples taken during inspections and investigations.
Precise sample analysis requires equipment maintenance to ensure accurate results
and equipment modernization to keep abreast of the latest technology.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $4,860,100 supported by 54.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,345,800 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriations and $1,514,300 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1990, information integration has enabled the NEIC to identify
8-55
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facilities violating environmental statutes where the potential for environmental
benefit was the greatest. These techniques typically led to large facilities
where a multi-media inspection could address compliance from a total
environmental approach.
The NEIC has been involved in a number of significant enforcement cases and
has pioneered enforcement tools in both the criminal and civil programs.
Especially noteworthy accomplishments are:
o support to Regional pilot projects using information integration and
related targeting;
o multi-media investigations of both Federal and industrial facilities
to address Regional/Headquarters enforcement initiatives and
priorities;
o training of Regional and state personnel on multi-media
investigation procedures and applicability;
o NEIC's role as a focal point for laboratory analytical assistance to
the criminal program;
o support to the Air Toxic Enforcement Initiative through
investigations of the toxic and hazardous control and waste
management practices at two large chemical facilities in Beaumont,
Texas;
o review of proposed regulations to ensure enforceability;
o implementation of key new provisions and authorities included in
reauthorized or amended statutes, such as RCRA, TSCA, CWA, CAA,
FIFRA, and SDWA;
o enhancement to the Enforcement and Compliance Data linkage to add
the Toxic Release Inventory System (TRIS) and CERCLIS databases to
the Corporate Cross-Regional Identification Program (CCRIP); and,
o technical support to criminal investigations including detailed on-
site inspections and complex analytical services.
FEDERAL FACILITIES ENFORCEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,904,000 supported by 31.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,704,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and $200,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $615,000 for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation to fund the Federal workforce needed to implement the
President's program in FY 1992, no increase in Abatement, Control and Compliance,
and an increase of 10.0 total workyears from 1991. The workyear increases will
support the Agency's program to amplify Federal Facility multi-media
environmental compliance.
8-56
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In 1992, the Office of Federal Facilities Enforcement (OFFE) will place
added emphasis on a national program to ensure that Federal Facilities and
Government-Owned-Contractor-Operated (GOCO) facilities conduct their activities
in an environmentally sound manner and comply with all applicable environmental
statutes and regulations This will include the prevention and control of air,
water or soil contamina in at facilities on lands they control. In addition,
support will be provided ,_o c&ordinate Agency media programs to encourage Federal
facilities to take mitigative actions where their operations could endanger human
health or the environment.
Headquarters will oversee the multi-media enforcement strategy for Federal
Facilities environmental compliance. The strategy will provide Federal agencies
with guidance on their environmental responsibilities, give technical assistance
and training to implement these responsibilities, and provide guidance to the
Federal sector in initiating waste minimization and pollution prevention actions.
Headquarters will manage the Federal Facilities Tracking System (FFTS) to
give a national listing of Federal facility trouble spots. The prioritized
enforcement component will focus Regional enforcement and oversight resources on
Federal facilities which have historical compliance problems, current violations
with respect to human health or the environment, or who would have a high
visibility deterrence value. In 1992 the program will also continue to implement
an improved A-106 review process to ensure that Federal Agency environmental
projects are cost-effective and show real environmental benefits.
In 1992, Regional personnel will implement the Federal Facilities multi-
media enforcement strategy. The strategy will contain two major components:
technical assistance and tracking; and prioritized enforcement. The technical
assistance and tracking component will include: inspection and compliance
activity tracking through a nationally coordinated Federal Facility Tracking
System. Federal Facility Regional staff will coordinate an EPA compliance team
to inspect Federal Facilities. EPA reviews will include Federal Facility sewage
treatment plants and solid waste disposal facilities.
Prioritized enforcement will focus on targeted priority facilities and
sensiti- ' areas using risk, historical non-compliance, and deterrence value as
the pla "ing criteria. Negotiated schedules and remedies will reflect the
relative risks posed by media-specific violations thereby providing the Federal
Facilities with a priority-based approach to achieving compliance. Abatement,
Control and Compliance dollars will continue to support the Federal Facilities
Tracking System, and auditing and inspection training.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $1,289,000 supported by 21.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,089,000 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $200,000 is from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1991, support is being provided for the development of the Federal
facilities multi-media enforcement strategy. In 1991, OFFE is working with
various Agency offices to coordinate the development of a multi-media strategy
which will address air, water and soil contamination at targeted Federal
Facilities. Regional personnel are training to conduct environmental audits and
8-57
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inspections as part of an EPA team. Abatement Control and Compliance resources
are supporting the Federal Facility Tracking System (FFTS) and A-106 tracking.
In 1990, the Agency reorganized and moved the Office of Federal Activities
under the Office of Enforcement. Under OE, Federal agency work was split between
the Office of Federal Activities and the Office of Federal Facilities
Enforcement. As a result" of this change, resources for the Office of
Enforcement's Federal Facilities work in the multi-media area are tracked under
this new program element beginning in 1991.
1990 Accomplishments
This program was incorporated under the Federal Activities program element
in 1990. In 1991, as a result of the reorganization of Federal Facilities
activities in the Agency, a new program element for tracking resources was
created.
Accomplishments in 1990 include development of an improved A-106 review
process and enhanced regional liaison work with Federal Facilities seeking Agency
environmental expertise. In addition, a two volume guidance package was issued
on "Conducting Environmental Audits at Federal Facilities" to assist Federal
agencies in complying with environmental statutes administered by EPA.
8-58
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
TOXIC SUBSTANCES 9-1
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Toxics Substances Research 9-8
, Scientific Assessment 9-17
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance 9-18
Health Effects 9-20
Environmental Engineering and Technology 9-21
Environmental Processes and Effects 9-22
ABATEMENT AND CONTROL
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance 9-24
Asbestos-in-Schools Loans and Grants 9-25
Toxic Substances Strategies 9-26
Chemical Testing 9-28
Existing Chemical Review 9-30
New Chemical Review 9-32
Asbestos-in-Buildings 9-34
Regional Toxics Program 9-36
TS Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know 9-38
ENFORCEMENT
Toxic Substances Enforcement 9-42
Toxic Substances Enforcement 9-43
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants 9-45
OPTS Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Enforcement . 9-46
-------
APPROPRIATION
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Toxic Substances
$48,057.4 $50,153.5 $50.168.5 $52,844.0 $2,675.5
$95,196.2 $102,641.2 $102,641.2 $51,441.2 -$51,200.0
$15,697.0 $14,282.1 $14,282.1 $15,002.0 $719.9
$158,950.6 $167,076.8 $167,091.8 $119,287.2 -$47,804.6
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
TOTAL UORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
830.6 883.5 883.5 891.9 8.4
859.3 895.4 895.4 891.9 -3.5
$133,472.6 $153,123.0 $153,137.0 $111,554.3 -$41,582.7
Authorization for the Toxic Substances Control Act
expired on September 30, 1983. Reauthorization is
pending.
9-1
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1. OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Toxic Substances medium covers programs implemented under four
environmental statutes, all .of which focus on control of toxic chemical use. "The
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) provides the authority and responsibility to
protect human health and the environment from unreasonable risks arising from the
manufacture, distribution, use, or disposal of existing and new chemicals. The
Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act (ASHAA) directs the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) to assist states and local educational agencies (LEAs) in
determining the extent of risks from exposure to asbestos-containing materials.
The Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA) imposes inspection and
abatement requirements on all public and private elementary and secondary
schools, and requires EPA to examine the issue of asbestos in public and
commercial buildings. Finally, the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-
Know Act (EPCRA), commonly known as section 313 of Title III of the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) , requires EPA to establish an inventory
of toxic chemical emissions based on annual reports of environmental releases
from owners and operators of certain facilities that manufacture, import,
process, or otherwise use certain chemicals. This is known as the Toxic Release
Inventory (TRI). The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 directs the expansion of
data contained in TRI.
To carry out its mandates under the laws, EPA will implement the following
major goals in 1992: (1) revitalize the toxic substances Existing Chemical
Review program to make TSCA a more effective multi-media pollution prevention
tool; (2) minimize risk by promoting the use of safer chemicals; (3) improve our
knowledge of chemicals and share that knowledge with the public by expanding the
use and quality of the TRI emission data for making risk reduction decisions at
the local level; and (4) expand international activities to support harmonization
of chemical testing and risk management approaches. In addition, two important
cross-cutting goals are to ensure strong toxic substances enforcement and
adequate research and development support.
II. 1992 PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS
The New Chemical Review program remains one of EPA's principal pollution
prevention programs, preventing potential chemical pollutants that may pose
unreasonable risks to human health or the environment from entering commercial
production, as well as providing more rapid entry into the marketplace of new,
potentially safer chemicals to replace hazardous chemicals. It is anticipated
that approximately 3,000 new chemical submissions will be received in 1992, the
same level as is anticipated in 1991. The number of biotechnology notices
expected in 1992 is 20. Advances in biotechnology have the potential to improve
our ability to deal with hazardous waste clean-up, metal ore extraction and
agriculture productivity, EPA's general biotechnology rule will be proposed in
1991 and promulgated in 1992.
Optical disk technology, which will reduce costs for storage and retrieval
of the hundreds of thousands of documents received each year, will be implemented
9-2
-------
in 1991, and fully operational in 1992. The New Chemical follow-up rule will
enable the New Chemical Review program to include more new chemicals under
Significant New Use Rules (SNURs) in 1992, thereby reducing the time during which
a SNUR can be preempted by the introduction of a new chemical into commerce.
The Existing Chemical Review Program aims to identify chemicals that pose
potential risks to public health or the environment, characterize their risks,
and, where unreasonable risks are found, take appropriate action. There are
approximately 10,000 chemicals with production volumes over 10,000 pounds
annually about which we know little or nothing of their risk potential. We need
to accelerate significantly our screening and testing of these chemicals so we
can have a strong risk-based ra; onale for EPA's pollution prevention and
existing chemical regulatory programs. In 1990, EPA significantly modified the
policies and procedures of the Existing Chemical Review program in order to
implement more effectively the authorities of TSCA. These changes are intended
to streamline the Existing Chemical Review program to allow for completing more
regulatory actions, incorporating more innovative regulatory approaches and, when
appropriate, supplementing these activities with non-regulatory actions to reduce
risks for existing chemicals.
EPA is actively encouraging voluntary reductions of emissions and exposure
as a supplement to regulatory action. An important facet of this effort is the
voluntary reduction that is already occurring as a result of the TRI.
Regulations establishing the TRI program were promulgated in 1988, and the third
emissions reporting cycle is now underway. Based upon this experience, the 1992
effort will be targeted towards improving data quality and reducing the time for
processing data reported to EPA. In 1992 we will also provide improved
accessibility and usability of the TRI database to aid EPA staff, the states and
the public in making decisions directed toward risk reduction and pollution
prevention.
EPA has maintained a strong commitment to carrying out its Congressional
mandates with respect to asbestos and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
Unfortunately, our current level of scientific understanding strongly limits our
ability to quantify the risk that the public faces from damaged, friable asbestos
and from PCBs contaminating the environment. Consequently, one of our major
goals is the strengthening of our quantitative risk basis for managing the
asbestos and PCB programs. The Asbestos in Buildings program will continue to
implement the key recommendations made in the 1988 Report to Congress on asbestos
in public and commercial buildings, including studies to develop improved data
on exposure to asbestos in public and commercial buildings and to evaluate
various mitigation methods. To support the Agency's efforts to ensure that the
handling and disposal of asbestos and PCBs does not result in an actual increase
in public health risk because of improper action, the Agency has established a
Regional Toxics program to complement the existing toxic substances compliance
program. This field program will work with the states to develop and strengthen
their program operations for the Asbestos in Buildings and PCB programs. Our
goal is to build a coordinated Federal/state program in these two areas and
significantly expand state and local efforts in 1992.
For 1992 EPA will ^eek to further the major program goals of the toxic
substances program throug- both internal reprogramming of resources within the
base program and through requests for additional resources. These budget
initiatives are specifically intended to strengthen the Existing Chemical Review
9-3
-------
program, the Chemical Testing program and TRI. In our Existing Chemical Review
and Chemical Testing programs, the 1992 request contains funds to support
initiatives in lead, the revitalized Existing Chemical Review program, and
international testing. Our lead initiative seeks to use TSCA authorities to
implement a multi-media control strategy to reduce lead exposure in the
environment. The revitalized Existing Chemical Review program will identify
creative risk reduction opportunities under TSCA and generate more program
productivity through development and use of generic rules. Our international
testing initiative will enhance this country's ability to provide leadership in
the harmonization of testing standards and protocols and to participate actively
in the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) cooperative
screening, testing, and risk reduction program. TRI will also receive
reprogrammed funding and request new resources to support an initiative to
increase significantly the quality of data generated through TRI, stimulate
increased use of these data to support Federal, state, and Regional risk
management programs, and implement the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990, which
assigns significant responsibilities to the TRI program.
Ensure Strong Toxic Substances Enforcement
The major objective of the Agency's Toxic Substances Enforcement program
is to maintain an efficient and effective national compliance monitoring program
with appropriate coverage of all enforceable TSCA regulations. The enforcement
program depends increasingly upon the assistance of state agencies, which conduct
compliance monitoring inspections under the terms of cooperative enforcement
agreements. Thirty-five states currently participate in the TSCA cooperative
agreement program. State programs emphasize compliance monitoring of existing
chemical control rules, particularly those for asbestos, PCBs and hexavalent
chromium. The TSCA decentralization initiative enables states to initiate case
development based on inspections conducted by state or Federal authorities. More
states are assuming additional comprehensive TSCA enforcement responsibilities,
allowing for greater enforcement coverage and locally-tailored programs. The
enforcement program is placing a growing emphasis on conducting a comprehensive
compliance program for asbestos and PCBs, including more frequent and
comprehensive inspections at PCB disposal sites, and will be targeting
inspections at brokers, storers and transporters of such materials.
The Toxic Substances Enforcement program also supports the enforcement
provisions of the EPCRA TRI program. EPA's inspection program ensures that
manufacturers, processors, and users of subject chemicals comply with section 313
requirements to report emissions and discharges of toxic chemicals. As the TRI
program matures, additional emphasis will be placed on data quality compliance
to reduce false reporting in the regulated community.
Research Supports Toxics Program
The Office of Research and Development (ORD) will continue to support the
Office of Toxic Substances (OTS) by performing research on test method
development and validation, exposure monitoring, structure activity relationships
and biotechnology, among other areas. ORD will also continue to develop risk
assessments for oncological and mutagenic toxicity. Additional research will be
performed on neurological and reproductive toxicity and exposure assessment.
9-4
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Actual
1990
Current
Estimate
1991
Estimate
1992
Increase (+)
Decrease (-)
1992 vs 1991
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
Incremental Outputs
Existing: Chemical Review
Sec. 8(e) Initial Reviews... 150
Sec. 8(e) Follow-up Reviews. 300
FYI Reviews 75
Preliminary Hazard Screens.. 750
Hazard Screens From Clusters 0
RM1 Cases Developed 15
RM Investigations Begun 3
RM Regulatory Decision Pkgs. 6
Chemical Lists Issued 0
Maj or Rulemakings 0
SNURs and Minor Rulemakings. 156
PCB Rulemakings 0
PCB Disposal Permits 6
Sec. 21 Responses 4
Sec. 9 Referrals 1
New Chemical Review
Rulemakings 2
New Chemical Submissions.... 2,750
New Chemical Control Actions 360
Biotechnology Notices 2
Biotechnology Control Actions 2
New Chemical SNURs 156
Receipt of Test Data 74
Bona Fide Submissions 500
Commencement Notices 1,026
Chemical Testing
ITC Testing Actions 4
Non-ITC Testing Actions 6
Test Guidelines 0
Test Standard Modifications. 12
Interim Test Program Reviews. 2
Final Test Program Reviews.. 3
150
300
75
750
50
30
5
6
2
5
5
1
6
4
2
1
3,000
390
10
5
235
120
600
1,300
6
6
2
20
6
4
150
300
75
750
75
40
7
6
2
4
5
0
6
4
2
1
3,000
400
20
10
400
130
600
1,400
10
6
2
30
6
4
+25
+10
+2
-1
-1
+10
+10
+5
+165
+10
+100
+4
+10
9-5
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Actual
1990
Current
Estimate
1991
Estimate
1992
Increase (+)
Decrease (-)
1992 vs 1991
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
Incremental Outputs
Title III
TRI Forms Received 87,000
TRI Forms Processed 91,000
Notices of Noncompliance...
Receipt of Corrected Forms.
Petitions Received
On-Site Technical Audits...
Suspect Tech. Data Review..
Rulemakings
3,000
25,000
10
200
1,000
Asbestos-in-Schools Loans and Grants
Abatement Projects Funded... 206
Weekly Exposure Hrs
Reduced 2,100,000
Asbestos in Buildings
Abatement Projects Closed Out 300
State Waiver Programs
Developed (cumulative) 2
State Accreditation Programs
Developed (cumulative) 22
100,000
108,000
5,000
30,000
10
0
500
3
220
2,300,000
350
2
30
105,000
110,000
5,000
30,000
10
0
500
2
+5,000
+2,000
-
-1
33 -187
200,000 -2,100,000
300
2
35
-50
9-6
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Actual
1990
Currant
Estimate
1991
Estimate
1992
Increase*
Decrease-
1992 vs.
1991
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
Incremental Outputs
Enforcement Actions
EPCRA Inspections
Laboratory Inspections.
Test Study Audits
Inspections, Sec. 5....
Inspections, Sec. 6
PCS Inspections*
Asbestos Inspections*.
Inspections, Sec. 8....
664
12
68
130
1,998
2,182
120
750
12
67
130
2,175
2,370
120
830
12
67
130
2,175
2,370
120
+80
•Includes Federal, state, and contractor inspections
9-7
-------
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Toxics Substances Research 9-8
Scientific Assessment ....... 9-17
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance 9-18
Health Effects 9-20
Environmental Engineering and Technology 9-21
Environmental Processes and Effects 9-22
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Research
ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST
1992
INCREASE *
DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment
Toxic Substances
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$110.3
$52.0
$162.3
$174.9
$50.0
$224.9
$174.9
$50.0
$224.9
$178.2
$50.0
$228.2
$3.3
0.0
$3.3
Monitoring Systems t
Quality Assurance -
Toxic Substances
Salaries t Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects - Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental
Engineering I
Technology - Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
$1,635.7
$3,666.2
$5,301.9
$3,524.3
$5,125.3
$8,649.6
$652.1
$2,054.8
TOTAL $2,706.9
$1,736.3 $1,751.5
$3,433.3 $3,433.3
$5,169.6 $5,184.8
$3,243.9 $3,243.9
$4,920.2 $4,920.2
$8,164.1 $8,164.1
$596.7 $596.7
$1,718.6 $1,718.6
$2,315.3 $2,315.3
$1,740.0
$3,603.2
$5,343.2
$3,347.5
$5,270.2
$8,617.7
$614.3
$1,718.6
$2,332.9
-$11.5
$169.9
$158.4
$103.6
$350.0
$453.6
$17.6
0.0
$17.6
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
$5,605.6
$4,798.7
TOTAL $10,404.3
$5,428.4 $5,428.4 $5,378.3 -$50.1
$4,160.0 $4,160.0 $4,360.0 $200.0
$9,588.4 $9,588.4 $9,738.3 $149.9
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
Toxic Substances
Research
$11,528.0 $11,180.2 $11,195.4 $11,258.3 $62.9
$15,697.0 $14,282.1 $14,282.1 $15,002.0 $719.9
TOTAL $27,225.0 $25.462.3 $25,477.5 $26,260.3 $782.8
9-8
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Research
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Toxic Substances
Monitoring Systems fc
Quality Assurance -
Toxic Substances
Health Effects - Toxic
Substances
Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Toxic
Substances
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Toxic
Substances
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
1.9 2.0 2.0
2.0
25.1 25.0 25.0 24.0
57.3 62.4 62.4 62.4
10.0 10.6 10.6 10.6
79.4 85.5 85.5 85.5
173.7 185.5 185.5 184.5
0.0
-1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-1.0
Scientific Assessment -
Toxic Substances
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance -
Toxic Substances
Health Effects - Toxic
Substances
Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Toxic
Substances
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Toxic
Substances
TOTAL UORKYEARS
1.9 2.0 2.0
2.0
0.0
26.2 25.0 25.0 24.0 -1.0
61.0 62.4 62.4 62.4 0.0
10.0 10.6 10.6 10.6 0.0
83.8 85.5 85.5 85.5 0.0
182.9 185.5 185.5 184.5 -1.0
9-9
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1992:
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Research
Principal Outputs
o Field evaluations of immunoassays for benzene, toluene, xylene
(Monitoring).
o Human Exposure Assessment Location Project - Report on 1991
Activities (Monitoring).
o Environmental Statistics, Geostatistics, and Chemometrics: Annual
Report of Research (Monitoring).
o Benzene Exposure Assessment Model (BEAM) Simulation for Los Angeles
(Monitoring).
o Annual report on QA support for OTS measurement and monitoring
activities (Monitoring).
o Report on Privatization Program for QA Reference Materials
(Monitoring).
o Sc -are and database development for the identification of
p, ion prevention opportunities in New Jersey using CIS and TRI
da, ...ase (Monitoring) .
o Report on methods development activities for asbestos monitoring
(Monitoring).
o Annual Report on Biotechnology Monitoring Research (Monitoring).
o Evaluate motor activity as a screen for neurotoxicity (Health).
o Report on the cytogenetic effects of phosphene exposure in humans
(Health).
o Report on selected improvements _n TRI (toxic-release inventory)
estimates for electroplating operations (Engineering).
o Report on emissions from vinyl asbestos tile buffing (Engineering).
o Report on alternative dustiness indicators for PMN estimates
(Engineering).
o Report on seed germination and seedling development of marsh grass
in contaminated sediment (Environmental Processes).
9-10
-------
o Report on effects of chemicals on immune systems in wild and
laboratory Avians (Environmental Processes).
o Review and application of various statistical approaches for
determining benthic community-level effects (Environmental
Processes).
•
o Report on effects of toxic chemicals on estuarine benthic
macroinvertebrate recolonization rates for a range of sediment types
(Environmental Processes).
o Report on prototype expert system to predict toxic mechanism from
chemical structure (Environmental Processes).
o Report on using site specific aquatic microcosm to study the fate of
GEMs (Environmental Processes).
o Report on recovery of site specific marine microcosms perturbed by
selected toxic chemicals in Boston Harbor, MA (Environmental
Processes).
o Report on a statistical approach to predicting chronic toxicity of
chemicals to fishes form acute toxicity test data (Environmental
Processes).
L991: o Report on infrared database for analysis of toxic organics
(Monitoring).
o Field portable immunoassay technology (benzene, toluene and xylene)
(Monitoring).
o LC/MS methodology for nonvolatile toxic organic compounds
(Monitoring).
o Human Exposure Assessment Location Project - Report on 1990
Activities (Monitoring).
o Report on blood/breath monitoring for total human exposure to toxic
pollutants (Monitoring).
o Progress report on modeling pollutant sources and human activity
patterns rssociated with exposure to toxic pollutants (Monitoring).
o Detection of routine and accidental releases of toxic chemicals
(Monitoring).
o Guidelines for use of human exposure model in regulatory review and
report on production of reference materials for quality control
(Monitoring).
o Report on Privatization Program for QA Reference Materials
(Monitoring).
9-11
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Annual report on QA support for OTS measurement and monitoring
activities (Monitoring).
Users Guide: Chromosomal aberration data analysis and
interpretation systems (Monitoring).
Identification of pollution prevention opportunities in New Jersey
using CIS and the TRJ database (Monitoring).
Annual Report on Biotechnology Monitoring Research (Monitoring).
Report on methods development activities for asbestos monitoring
(Monitoring).
Develop SAR methods and data bases to allow accurate prediction of
the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of chemicals based on
structural and physiochemical parameters (Health).
Development of methods to structurally identify and quantitate
specific environmental chemicals to DNA adducts (Health).
Develop biochemical procedures as measures of human exposure and
early indicators of disease processes (Health).
Evaluate the effects of maternal deprivation on postnatal maturation
(Health).
Development of methods to determine host species and route of
exposure differences as they apply to pathogenicity (Health).
Report on emission estimates for welding, cutting, and grinding
operations (Engineering).
Report on emissions during removal of vinyl-asbestos tile polish
(Engineering).
Report on sampling methodology for bio-aerosols (Engineering).
Identification of research needs in TRI emission estimating
procedures (Engineering).
Report on the cleaning of asbestos-laden carpet (Engineering).
Evaluation of the Medaka carcinogenesis model (Environmental
Processes).
Report on determining dose for small aquarium fish used in chronic
bioassays (Environmental Processes).
Report on comparative acute sensitivity of selected estuarine
crustaceans to toxic substances (Environmental Processes).
9-12
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o Report: Physical scale effects of laboratory microcosms in
assessment of benthic macro-invertebrate community structure
(Environmental Processes).
o Report on effects of selected organophosphates on Avian thermo-
regulation and metabolism (Environmental Processes).
o Final report on the development of CONCORD, a structure-reactivity
estimation system (Environmental Processes).
o Report: Application of expert system (SPARC) for predicting pKa and
other chemical reactivity parameters for PMN chemicals
(Environmental Processes).
o Report on test methods for an enclosed microcosm for evaluating fate
and effects of GEMS in terrestrial systems (Environmental
Processes).
o Report on evaluation of selected biochemical and ecological methods
to assess effects of recombinant bacteria on terrestrial ecosystems
(Environmental Processes).
o General bed-water exchange model for risk assessment (Environmental
Processes).
o Microcomputer user guide for UTAB database (Environmental
Processes).
o Report on the biological database for supporting freshwater risk
assessment models (Environmental Processes).
1990: o Report on chemometric research (Monitoring).
o Evaluation of potential use for biological markers in human exposure
monitoring studies (Monitoring)
o Evaluation of pentachlorophenol immunoassay (Monitoring).
o Report of transactions of EPA/APCA/WHO Total Human Exposure
Monitoring Specialty Conference (Monitoring).
o Report on analytical methods for SARA chemicals (Monitoring).
o Report on half-life of aerosolized bacteria (Monitoring).
o Annual Report on Biotechnology Monitoring Research (Monitoring).
o Comparison of the efficacy of airborne microbial samplers - journal
article (Monitoring).
o Users Guide for standardized procedures for analysis and
interpretation of mutagenicity micronucleus data (Monitoring).
9-13
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SCOUT: A software tool for exploratory analysis of
multivariate data (Monitoring).
Report on benzene human exposure model development and testing
(Monitoring).
Report on methods development activities for asbestos monitoring
(Monitoring).
Development of QA materials and evaluation of performance of AHERA
TEM procedures (Monitoring).
Report on the survival, persistence and expression of genetically
engineered viruses in vitro and in vivo under laboratory conditions
(Health).
Report on the use of A/D ratio for extrapolation of developmental
toxicity data (Health).
Development of methodology for the use of biomarkers in
epidemiologic studies (Health).
Report on in-use effectiveness of negative air systems
(Engineering).
Report on the effectiveness of two cleaning methods to remove
asbestos from carpet (Engineering).
Report on asbestos removal via glove bags operated under a partial
vacuum (Engineering).
Report on the physical sampling efficiency of alternative samplers
for bio-aerosols (Engineering).
Preliminary assessment of selected estimation techniques for toxic-
release inventory reporting (Engineering).
Report on the evaluation of the use of glove bags on reducing
airborne asbestos emissions (Engineering).
Report on microbial transformation rate constants of structurally
diverse man-made chemicals (Environmental Processes).
Report on guidelines for using different biodegradation test methods
to evaluate the biodegradability of chemicals in the environment
(Environmental Processes).
Report documenting application of expert systems for predicting
reactivity parameters for PMN chemicals (Environmental Processes).
Report on methods to compute reactivity parameters for electrophiles
(Environmental Processes).
9-14
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Review of progress in biotechnology risk assessment research program
for FY 1989 (Environmental Processes).
Users manual for updating stratified lake transport model for risk
assessment (Environmental Processes).
•
Population model and software incorporating lethal and non-lethal
effects on feeding behavior for chemicals that act by reversible
modes of action (Environmental Processes).
9-15
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $26,260,300 supported by 184.5 total workyears
for 1992, an increase of $782,800 and a. decrease of 1.0 total workyears from 1991.
Of the request, $11,258,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
and $15,002,000 for the Research and Development appropriation, an increase of
$719,700 in the Research and Development appropriation and $62,900 in the Salaries
and Expenses Appropriation.
Program Objectives
The Toxic Substances research program supports the Office of Toxic Substances
(OTS) by providing the scientific tools and supporting information needed to
implement the Pre-Manufacture Notification (PMN) for new chemicals under the Toxic
Substances Control Act (TSCA), the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA)
and the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA).
o Test methods research develops and validates health exposure and
environmental testing protocols to be incorporated into TSCA Section
4 guidelines, risk assessment methods, and analytical methods for
identifying and quantifying environmental pollutants.
o Health research efforts develop methods for extrapolating from high
to low doses between mammalian species to enhance risk assessment
predictability and capability. Research also focuses on developing
biomonitoring techniques and applying biological markers as
indicators of exposure and effects to the study of populations
exposed to toxicants.
o Investigations of human populations exposed to environmental
pollutants will help determine whether biological indicators of dose
and/or effects are related to environmental levels of exposure and if
they are correlated with adverse effects measured by traditional
methods.
o Ecological research -- including transport, fate, and field
validation -- focuses on developing and conducting exposure and
hazard assessments of chemicals in water, air, and multimedia
environments.
o Engineering research focuses on the development of information to
predict the release of and worker exposure to new and existing
chemicals. The program addresses those classes of chemicals for
which the Agency does not have adequate information on the degree to
which unit operations and existing control systems limit their
release as a result of technically based research, allowing for more
effective Pre-Manufacture Notification (PMN) decisions to be made.
9-16
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o Exposure monitoring research develops methods and evaluates data
bases and statistical tools to improve exposure monitoring.
Multimedia monitoring methods and data analysis techniques are
designed and tested to characterize human exposure to chemicals o£
concern.
*
o Research efforts develop predictive methods (Structure Activity
Relationships (SAR)) to provide a tool for determining whether new
chemicals pose unreasonable risk or require further testing. SAR
data are important for reviewing and screening PMN chemicals under
Section 5 of TSCA.
o Biotechnology research in this area develops methods to assess the
potential health exposure, risk, and environmental hazards of
biotechnology production and products. Methods are also being
developed to monitor, contain and destroy genetically engineered
microorganisms (GEMs) from releases and manufacturing processes,
o Methodologies and models determine risks posed to ecosystems by
exposure to environmental pollutants. This program is currently
developing environmental risk assessment protocols for both aquatic
and terrestrial systems which will be used in evaluating risks from
both new and existing chemicals.
o Research provides support for risk and exposure assessments, quality-
assurance, dissemination of reference standards and quality assurance
reagents as well as expert consultation on problems associated with
the evaluation of PMN chemicals and other toxic substances.
o Research evaluates and validates emission-estimation techniques and.
monitoring methods to be used by industry and the Office of Toxic
Substances in support of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-
to-Know Act (EPCRA).
o Research focuses on evaluating asbestos measurement procedures,
abatement, in-place operation and maintenance and control
technologies, and development of standardized sampling techniques for
asbestos in support of the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act
(AHERA).
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1992 Prnvram Reuest
The Agency requests a total of $228,200 supported by 2.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $178,200 will be for Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $50,000 will be for the Research and Development. There is no change in the
Research and Development appropriation or total workyears.
Support will be provided for preparation, consultation and review on OTS
generated assessments of carcinogenic ity, mutagenicity, adverse reproductive/
developmental effects, and exposure. These activities will support decision-
making under TSCA (existing chemicals program, PMN review, and test guidelines and
9-17
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test rule development). To support implementation of EPCRA, profiles will be
prepared and installed into the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) to
provide public information on the health effects of chemicals released into the
environment.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $224,900 supported by 2.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $174,900 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $50,000 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
This research program is providing support for the review of risk and exposure
assessments and developing protocols for risk assessments.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $162,300 supported by 1.9 total
workyears for this program, of which $110,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $52,000 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1990, activities included: Review of the test rules on 7-8 chemicals;
scientific support for developing carpet research strategy and in developing
scientific bases for policy decisions regarding TSCA Section 21 petition;
participation in scientific and policy review of chloroflurocarbon (CFC) and
hydrocarbon chloroflurocarbon (HCFC) substitutes toxicity data; deve : r-ment and
review of generic end-point toxicity test rules for a number of toxic chemicals
(reproductive, developmental, and neurotoxicity testing); and assistance in
developing Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Title III, Section
302, Workshop on Health Assessment or Acute Exposures; and identification and
recommendation of chemicals for toxicity testing for National Toxicology Program
through the OTS Testing Priorities Committee.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,343,200 supported by 24.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,740,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,603,200 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. This represents an increase of $169,900 in the Research and
Development appropriation, a decrease of $11,500 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and a 1.0 decrease in total workyears. The increase in the
Research and Development appropriation will be used to fund additional monitoring
methods research.
Research will focus on developing and evaluating instruments, analytical
methods and procedures to identify and quantify chemical compounds in
environmental media, and biological tissues and fluids. This research will
emphasize bioassays, immunochemistry, multi-residue analysis procedures and
developing chemometric approaches.
ORD will evaluate genets , immunological and biochemical biomarkers for their
suitability as indicators of exposure. These biomarkers will provide more
flexible human exposure monitoring for chemical pollutants which cannot be studied
9-18
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by conventional analytical chemistry procedures. Laboratory studies will be
conducted to obtain data about the specificity and sensitivity of markers to
indicate exposure.
Human exposure to toxic substances via multiple pathways will be studied to
improve and expand Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) .
Microenvironmental studies -will be used to determine human activity patterns.
Human exposure models will be developed and evaluated using TEAM data and huma.n
activity pattern information from microenvironment models. Breath measurements
will be made to obtain human exposure data for models .
Standardized monitoring procedures and methods for sampling genetically
engineered microorganisms will be developed to measure routine releases of GEMs
into the environment. Factors important in GEMs dispersal and persistence will
be identified and described.
Monitoring and quality assurance (QA) guidelines for bioassays data
management procedures will be produced. Computerized approaches for risk
evaluation (CARE) will be tested by application of geographic information system
(CIS) technology to existing exposure data in a contaminated area.
Under EPCRA, validated sampling and analytical methods will be provided to
OPTS to support environmental and human exposure monitoring investigations of
chemical releases. Research will be conducted to use CIS technology to model
environmental pollution from multimedia emission sources.
Research will support the implementation of the Asbestos Hazard Emergency
Response Act (AHERA) by improving sampling and analysis protocols to monitor
exposure to airborne asbestos and durable fibers.
1991
In 1991 the Agency is allocating a total of $5,184,800 supported by 25.0
total workyears for this program, of which $1,751,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $3,433,300 is from the Research and Development
appropriation. The 1991 program includes research on exposure monitoring,
analytical methods and providing quality assurance and assessment activities
support for exposure assessment.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $5,301,900 supported by 26.2 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,635,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,666,200 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1990, biological monitoring methods and biomarkers were evaluated for their
possible use in human exposure monitoring studies. Quality assurance materials
for asbestos and organic chemicals were produced. Bioassay tests were
standardized. A preliminary model of human exposure to benzene was constructed.
9-19
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HEALTH EFFECTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,617,700 supported by 62.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,347,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,270,200 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. This represents an increase of $350,000 in the Research and
Development appropriation and $103,600 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
There is no change in the total workyears. The increase in the Research a id
Development appropriation will fund expanded neurotoxicology research.
Health research will focus on developing bioassay methods for predicting non-
cancer endpoints, with particular emphasis on neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity and
developmental effects. These methodologies will be used to evaluate industry
submitted data on health effects of new chemicals to provide test guidelines which
ensure that the data is accurate, reproducible and consistent. Expanded research
will address the application and evaluation of a variety of in vitro preparations
and their utility in screening for neurotoxic effects.
Improved techniques for extrapolation from animal data to assess human health
risks will be developed. This research provides an important component to the
risk assessment process. Emphasis will be placed on target organ dosimetry,
including oral, dermal and inhalation routes of exposure, to determine if the
equivalent doses reaching the target site produce equivalent effects. Biological
markers of exposure will also be investigated.
Research will examine the application of biological markers to human
populations groups exposed to environmental contaminants which are suspect
toxicants. Chemical data bases will be constructed for particular areas of
toxicological response, including mutagenic and carcinogenic potential.
Methods for predicting enzymatic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and other
biological activities the from molecular structure of chemicals will be developed
using pattern recognition, statistical and thermodynamic techniques.
Potential dispersal capability of bioengineered organisms will be studied,
along with their potential health hazards. Health studies will compare the
effects of these organisms and naturally occurring strains on mammalian gut flora.
Research will also be initiated to determine the interaction on invertebrate
viruses with human and other vertebrate cells.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,164,100 supported by 62.4
total workyears for this program, of which $3,243,900 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,920,200 is from the Research and Development
appropriation. The 1991 research program is developing test methods in support
of TSCA Section 4 test guidelines, conducting research on extrapolation,
biological markers, and structure activity relationships, and assessing potential
health effects from genetically engineered organisms.
9-20
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $8,649,600 supported by 61.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,524,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,125,300 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
The 1990 research program included development of a proposed test guideline for
using visual evoked potentials and measures of neurotoxicity, critical report on
the use of adult/development (A/D) ratio for use predicting developmental toxicity
and a report on baculovirus survival and expression in mammalian cells.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,332,900 supported by 10.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $614,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,718,600 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. There is no change in the Research and Development appropriation
or total workyears . The Salaries and Expenses appropriation increases by $17 , 600 .
Techniques for predicting toxic releases and exposures from processing and
manufacturing new chemicals will be developed. Research on priority dye-class
compounds, as determined by the Interagency Testing Committee, will focus on
improving their treatability in wastewater systems with respect to their toxicity.
An improved qualitative model will be developed for the state-of-the-art.
biotechnology processing equipment. An effort will be initiated to investigate
opera tor/process -equipment interactions, and actual plant data on the source and
approximate magnitude of release and worker exposure will be acquired based on
actual field tests .
Research will focus efforts on identifying important chemicals and industrial
centers in order to enhance the reliability of decisions based on Section 313
chemicals data.
Asbestos research will evaluate the effectiveness of updated abatement
treatment techniques and equate the cost-effectiveness of compatible procedures
removal. Emphasis will focus on operation and management (O&M) procedures to
include typical worker activities. When experimental design allows, actual worker
exposure, resulting from maintenance of in-place asbestos -containing materials
will be measured.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,315,300 supported by 10.6
total workyears for this program, of which $596,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,718,600 is from the Research and Development
appropriation.
The 1991 research program is developing information on release, exposure and
control measures for new and existing chemicals in the workplace (including
genetically engineered organisms) , improving emission estimates for SARA Title
III, determining the fate of terpenes in wastewater -treatment systems, and
9-21
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determining the effect of reducing and oxidizing agents on textile wastewaters to
monitor azo-dyes and their degradation products.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $2,706,900 supported by 10.4 total
workyears for this program,'of which $652,100 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,054,800 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1990, reports were produced on the exposure possible during bag-changing
operations for High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter vacuum cleaners using
during asbestos abatements, on exposures possible from filtration and drying-unit
operations, on the efficiency of negative-air machines in use at asbestos-
abatement sites, and on the effectiveness of the Asbestos Hazardous Emergency
Response Act (AHERA) abatement process at twenty New Jersey schools.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1992 Pro, im Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,738,300 supported by 85.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $! 378,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $4,360,000 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. This represents an increase of $200,000 in the Research and
Development appropriation, a decrease of $50,100 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and no change in the total workyears. The increase in the Research
and Development appropriation reflects expanded ecological risk assessments
research.
Test methods for assessing the impact of existing potentially toxic chemicals
on freshwater and marine estuarine organisms and on habitat alterations will be
developed and evaluated. Tests on bioavailability, on comparisons of hazard
ranking and of single species effects (e.g., carcinogenicity) will be improved.
Predictive methodologies/models for conducting chemical exposure and effects
assessments in freshwater, estuarine/marine water, groundwater, air, terrestrial,
and total ecosystems will be developed. Mathematical models will be validated for
use as reliable simulators and predictors of the movement, transformation,
exposure concentrations and fate of toxic chemicals through ecosystems. Studies
will be conducted in microcosms/field scale mesocosms to address problems related
to comparative toxicology, system-level effects, hazard evaluations, and
terrestrial plant and wildlife toxicology.
Research will determine toxicity and perform risk estimates for PMN and EPCRA
chemicals submitted under TSCA Section 5. This includes Quantitative Structure
Activity Relationships (QSAR) on typical PMN chemicals, documentation of test
results on PMN analogs, and developing Structure Activity Relationships (SAR)
methodologies and other estimation techniques. Research will include data base
compilation, chemicals testing (modes of action, genotoxic potential) and
development of SAR type correlations.
Methods, analytical techniques and testing protocols for estimating survival,
fate and effects of microorganisms released to the environment, and the stability.
9-22
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within their genetic pool will be developed. Methods will be developed for
detecting gene persistence and transfer. The collected data and developed
protocols will be compiled for use by OPTS in their evaluations of PMNs for
biotechnology products.
Mathematical models, support data, and appropriate protocols to determine
exposure and hazard assessments for ecosystems will be provided. Predictive
models and methodology will be subjected to field testing. Ecosystem impacts and
recovery potential will be determined. Environmental process efforts will support
OTS on complex problems relating to environmental fate, exposure, effects, hazard
and environmental risk of toxic chemicals and bio-engineered organisms.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,588,400 supported by 85.5
total workyears for this program, of which $5,428,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,160,000 is from the Research and Development
appropriation. The 1991 research program is developing test methods in support
of TSCA Section 4 guidelines, conducting research on transport, fate and field
validation, and developing structure-activity relationships data. Work is also
being performed on the development of environmental risk assessment methods, as
well as research to determine the environmental effects of genetically engineered
organisms.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $10,404,300 supported by 83.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $5,605,600 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $4,798,700 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
1990 research produced ten major deliverables in support of Agency priorities
covering such subject areas as: model applications for predicting biotechnology
impacts and risks; biodegradation, microbial transformation, expert system
application, and provided software, user manuals and databases for use in
evaluating risk of toxic substances.
9-23
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ENVIRONMENTAL, PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ABATEMENT AND CONTROL
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance 9-24
Aebestos-in-Schools Loans and Grants 9-25
Toxic Substances Strategies 9-26
Chemical Testing 9-28
Existing Chemical Review 9-30
New Chemical Review 9-32
Asbestos-in-Buildings 9-34
Regional Toxics Program 9-36
TS Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know 9-38
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances - Financial Assistance
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Asbestos-In-School -
Abatement Loans and
Grants
Abatement Control and $42,198.1 $46,300.0 $46,300.0 -$46,300.0
Conpli ance
TOTAL $42,198.1 $46,300.0 $46,300.0 -$46,300.0
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and $42,198.1 $46,300.0 $46,300.0 -$46,300.0
Compliance
Toxic Substances - TOTAL $42,198.1 $46,300.0 $46,300.0 -$46,300.0
Financial Assistance
9-24
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance
Budget Request
•
The Agency requests no funding in 1992 under this subactivity. There is
a decrease of $46,300,000 for this subactivity from 1991, all of which is in the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
ASBESTOS-IN-SCHOOLS LOANS AND GRANTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests no funding for this program in 1992. This represents
a decrease of $46,300,000 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The Agency has decided not to request funding for this program since states and
local agencies now have the capability to manage asbestos abatement projects.
The financial responsibility for asbestos abatement now rests with states and
localities. Thirty-two states have enacted more than 60 asbestos-related laws
and nearly half of the states have financing provisions in the laws.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating $46,300,000 for the Asbestos School
Hazard Abatement Act (ASHAA) loan and grant program, all of which is from the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, to help local educational
agencies (LEAs) with serious financial need to abate asbestos hazards. The
Agency operates this program by soliciting applications from schools, ranking
applications by hazard and financial need, and making awards in consultation with
the states.
Congressional Directives. A total of $46,300,000 is for the Congressionally
directed activity of funding loans and grants to LEAs for asbestos abatement
projects in schools.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated & total of $42,198,100 for this program, all
of which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The ASHAA
loan and grant program awarded financial assistance to 129 LEAs to perform 206
asbestos abatement projects, primarily removals of asbestos-containing materials.
Since 1985, EPA has provided more than $245,000,000 for 2,400 individual school
abatement projects. These projects eliminate approximately 19,400,000 hours of
exposure to asbestos fibers to students, teachers and staff each week.
9-25
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST INCREASE +
1992 DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Chemical Testing
Salaries i Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Existing Chemical
Review
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$3,758.1 $3,499.8 $3,499.8 $3, 905. 2
$2,455.7 $2.262.3 $2,262.3 $2,562.3
TOTAL $6,213.8 $5,762.1 $5,762.1 $6,467.5
$8,746.2 $9,635.5 $9,635.5 $9,726.4
$8,297.4 $12,370.7 $12,370.7 $11,165.7
New Chemical Review
Salaries I Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$405.4
$300.0
$705.4
$90.9
-$1,205.0
TOTAL $17,043.6 $22,006.2 $22,006.2 $20,892.1 -$1,114.1
$8,646.5 $9,696.5 $9,696.5 $10,310.9 $614.4
$7,062.5 $7,611.2 $7,611.2 $6,711.2 -$900.0
TOTAL $15,709.0 $17,307.7 $17,307.7 $17,022.1 -$285.6
Asbestos In Buildings
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Regional Toxics Program
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL:
Salaries I Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$1,782.1 $1,429.4 $1,429,4 $1,520.0 $90.6
$10,040.1 $11,434.6 $11,434.6 $5,839.6 -$5,595.0
TOTAL $11,822.2 $12,864.0 $12,864.0 $7,359.6 -$5,504.4
$298.7
TOTAL $298.7 $877.6 $877.6 $940.3
$627.6
$250.0
$627.6
$250.0
$690.3
$250.0
$23,231.6 $24,888.8 $24,888.8 $26,152.8
$27,855.7 $33,928.8 $33,928.8 $26,528.8
Toxic Substances
Strategies
$62.7
0.0
$62.7
$1,264.0
-$7,400.0
TOTAL $51,087.3 $58,817.6 $58,817.6 $52,681.6 -$6,136.0
9-26
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT
1990 1991 ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST INCREASE +
1992 DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
{DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Chemical Testing
Existing Chemical
Review
New Chemical Review
Asbestos In Buildings
Regional Toxics Program
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Chemical Testing
Existing Chemical
Review
New Chemical Review
Asbestos In Buildings
Regional Toxics Program
TOTAL UORKYEARS
69.5
152.8
149. 1
29.5
6.0
406.9
71.4
156.6
152.2
29.6
6.4
416.4
60.8
167.6
168.0
25.0
13.1
434.5
60.8
167.6
168.0
25.0
15.1
436.5
60.8
167.6
168.0
25.0
13.1
434.5
60.8
167.6
168.0
25.0
15.1
436.5
63.8
159.1
168.0
25.0
15.1
431.0
63.8
159.1
168.0
25.0
15.1
431.0
3.0
-8.5
0.0
0.0
2.0
-3.5
3.0
-8.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
-5.5
9-27
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $52,681,600 supported by 431.0 total
workyears for 1992, a decrease of $6,136,000 and 5.5 total workyears from 1991.
Of the request, $26,152,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $26,528,800 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents a increase of $1,264,000 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a decrease of $7,400,000 in the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
CHEMICAL TESTING
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,467,500 supported by 63.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,905,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,562,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $405,400 for Salaries and
Expenses, an increase of $300,000 for Abatement, Control and Compliance, and an
increase of 3.0 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
increased personnel costs as well as the increase in workyears. The increases
in total workyears and in Abatement, Control and Compliance will support an
expanded international testing effort to improve identification of data needs,
evaluation by expert groups, and identify legislation and policy impediments.
In 1992, the Chemical Testing program's major implementation task will be
non-Interagency Testing Committee (ITC) multi-chemical rules and the
international high production volume/ screening information data set (HPV/SIDS)
testing program. Additional focus will continue on ITC and other non-ITC
initiatives. Major non-ITC actions being considered in 1992 include: one or two
rules for the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) section 110
rule covering data needs for many of the top 50 National Priority List (NPL) site
chemicals; a rule for health effects tests covering air toxic chemicals and many
of the SARA section 313 screening chemicals; and a proposed procedural rule to
improve the negotiated testing procedures.
Multi-chemical rules anticipated in 1992 include: an ecotoxicity and
chemical fate rule; an Integrated Risk Information System chemicals test rule and
a rule for subchronic toxicity testing. Responses to anticipated ITC
recommendations are expected to include 5 initial actions and 5 final actions.
In 1992, the Chemical Testing program anticipates no post-initial ITC actions.
The term post-initial action applies to notices of proposed rulemaking that have
been preceded by an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking. Glycidols and aryl
phosphates, the only remaining chemicals to which this term applies, will be
removed from this status when proposed rules are published for them in 1991. The
SIDS international testing program will continue to review data on 150 dossiers.
35 such dossiers are being prepared by U.S. companies. The remaining dossiers
are from the other Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
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countries. Data development will begin on the 29th and 30th ITC lists.
Additional resources of $300,000 and 3.0 total workyears will support the
international testing program so that the Chemical Testing program can include
expert evaluation of data needs, the upgrade cooperative international testing
efforts, and work towards the harmonization of international testing standards.
The Agency will also review and update published test guidelines, which'are
an essential part of any test rule. Following evaluation of a candidate list,
two new test guidelines will be completed. Due to the implementation of multi-
chemical rules, there will be a substantial increase in test standard
modifications in 1992.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,762,100 supported by 60.8
total workyears for this program, of which $3,499,800 is from the Salaries and.
Expenses appropriation and $2,262,300 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1991, the Chemical Testing program will publish initial testing
decisions on one chemical and one chemical group from the 25th ITC list and one
chemical and three chemical groups from the 26th ITC list. Work is also underway
on the 27th and 28th lists. Work is underway on publishing five final rules
requiring testing to begin.
The non-ITC portion of the Chemical Testing program includes completion of
a SIDS test rule, a proposed subchronic endpoint rule, a proposed ecological/
chemical fate endpoint rule, a final developmental/reproductive toxicity endpoint
rule, a final neurotoxicity endpoint rule, a final multi-chemical rule for the
Office of Drinking Water, a final n-methylpyrroline rule and one or two SARA
section 110 test rules. The SIDS screening rule is part of an overall effort to
seek international cooperation and coordination in generating chemical test data.
In 1991, the international testing program goes Into full swing in coordinating
data review with the OECD. The procedural rules planned for 1991 include a final
rule revising the consent order process. EPA anticipates an increase in test
standard modifications during the 1990s because of the demand of test data on a
large volume of chemicals resulting from the publication of multi-chemical and
endpoint rules.
The Chemical Testing program also continues to perform annual reviews and
updates of published test guidelines. Following evaluation of a candidate list,
two new test guidelines will be completed.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $6,213,800 supported by 71.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,758,100 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,455,700 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
During 1990, six ITC testing actions were completed. Initial decisions
included two chemicals on the 19th, 20th and 22nd ITC lists; another five testing
decisions were published including three final rules and two proposed rules.
Several rules originally planned for 1990 were not published because of the
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cumene law suit which required EPA to define substantial human exposure and
substantial environmental release before it could issue test rules using its
authority under section 4(a)(l)(B). Two procedural rules were published in 1990.
EXISTING CHEMICAL REVIEW
•
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $20,892,100 supported by 159.1 total
workyears for this program, of which §9,726,400 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $11,165,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. This represents an increase of $90,900 for Salaries
and Expenses, a decrease of $1,205,000 in Abatement, Control and Compliance, and
a decrease of 8.5 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses
reflects increased personnel costs. The decrease in Abatement, Control and
Compliance is the result of a reprogramming of resources to support the Agency's
Emergency Planning a. i Community Right-to-Know (EPCRA) program, offset in part
by new resources supporting the revitalization of the Existing Chemical Review
program. This reprogramming was possible due to new policies that have
streamlined the program and resulted in resource savings. The decrease in total
workyears reflects a reprogramming of 10.0 total workyears to the Agency's
pesticides program for high-priority activities, partially offset by a net
increase of 1.5 total workyears to support the Agency's lead abatement program.
The major objectives of the Existing Chemical Review program are to
identify those chemicals that pose the greatest potential risk to human health
and the environment, to determine the type and degree of such risk, and to
develop appropriate regulatory approaches to controlling such risks. Significant
reforms within the existing chemical review program have taken place in recent
years. These reforms were developed as a result of extensive study of the
Existing Chemical Review program and have resulted in a complete redesign of its
policies and procedures. The intent of these reforms is to improve program
productivity significantly so that greater risk reduction can be achieved with
available resources. At the heart of these reforms is a changed approach that
allows EPA to exploit more fully the authorities of TSCA, including four important
components. These are: 1) concentration on certain chemicals or classes of
chemicals that are particularly persistent in the environment; 2) development of
generic rules involving classes of chemicals, rather than chemical-by-chemical
rulemaking approaches; 3) cooperation with other countries to standardize test
methods, share risk assessment information, take international risk reduction
actions, and leverage scarce resources; and 4) assessment of chemicals for
possible regulatory or non-regulatory action earlier in the review process.
By 1992, these reforms will be largely in place. Consistent with the
intent of these reforms, as well as internal Agency strategic planning and policy
decisions, a major reprogramming will be made in the risk assessment and risk
management areas of the Existing Chemical Review program. This reprogramming,
plus a requested $500,000 of additional resources, will support a major program
revitalization and redirection of the Existing Chemical Review pro -am. This
revitalization will focus on TSCA's potential as a major pollution prevention
tool, and will include addressing multiple chemicals in a staged or graduated
array of regulatory or non-regulatory risk management actions. Two multi-
chemical rules, which will also serve as the regulatory basis for managing a
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program of product stewardship and facility evaluation, are expected to be
proposed in 1991. This request supports the promulgation of one of these rules
in 1992.
The Agency will utilize $4,000,000 specifically to address lead exposure
in the environment. In keeping with the intent of the revitalized Existing
Chemical Review program, EPA will take a comprehensive, multi-media, multi-
industry approach to managing persistent toxic chemicals. The Use of lead in a
wide variety of products poses a large and accumulating health risk to both users
of the products and the general public, with particularly significant risks for
children. Current uses of lead must be evaluated to eliminate those that are not
essential, while contamination resulting from past use of lead must be abated.
The following current or former uses are likely sources of damaging exposure:
lead-based paint in dwelling interiors, lead in soil around the home, lead in
interior dust, and lead in drinking water. In addition, risks associated with
lead exposure are an increasing concern internationally. The U.S. has the co-
lead in the OECD for risk management activities on lead. This initiative will
enable EPA to offer assistance and leadership in international efforts on lead
risk reduction.
Also in 1992, $400,000 will be redirected within this program element to
study the health effects of nitrates in groundwater.
Other obligatory portions of the Existing Chemical Review program will be
maintained during 1992. The processing and screening of TSCA section 8(e)
submissions will continue, along with the screening of other new data, such as
that arising from TRI reporting. The Agency will fully support its
responsibilities under the EPA/Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on lead in paint and our consent decree
obligations for dioxin, including a final rule on dioxin in paper and data
analyses and risk assessment of dioxin contamination in other chemicals. The PCB
regulatory program will continue as will PCB and asbestos ban exemptions, PCB
disposal permitting, a maintenance level of funding for the human monitoring
adipose tissue survey, several pollution prevention initiatives begun in 1991,
and the continuation of a state cooperative agreement funding program also begun
in 1991.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $22,006,200 supported by 167.6
total workyears for this program, of which $9,635,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $12,370,700 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1991, major emphasis of the Existing Chemical Review program are
screening TRI data, identifying candidates for toxicity testing for sections 313
and 110 of SARA, and coordinating with other EPA offices, Federal and state
agencies and international organizations in information gathering, risk
assessment, and hazard/risk management efforts. Strategies for risk assessment
or risk management, including both regulatory and non-regulatory approaches as
appropriate, are being developed for selected chemicals or groups of chemicals.
The Existing Chemical Review program has major responsibilities for risk
management actions with respect to dioxin in paper and dioxin contamination of'
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certain other chemicals. As the result of a consent order between EPA and
environmental organizations, EPA in 1991 is proposing TSCA standards for dioxin
levels in paper and is beginning to obtain and analyze data on dioxin
contamination in other chemicals.
The Existing Chemical Review program includes the execution of EPA's
responsibilities under the.EPA/HUD Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on lead-
based paint. Also part of the Existing Chemical Review program is the human
monitoring adipose tissue survey, which continues through 1991 at a maintenance
level while awaiting the implementation of programmatic changes that will likely
be included in an evaluation conducted by the National Academy of Sciences; a
final report is due in early 1991.
In 1991 EPA is initiating a program of grants under TSCA section 28 to
provide initial start-up funding to assist the states in establishing
comprehensive FCB regulatory programs, including the regulation of PCB disposal,
so as to shift the focus of this maturing program away from the Federal
government. Also in 1991, the Agency is conducting several pollution prevention
initiatives. These include & life-cycle approach to reducing lead exposure and
the establishment of university-based pollution prevention training centers.
Congressional Directives. A total of $4,000,000 is for the Congressionally-
directed project of lead-based paint studies and support, of which $1,500,000 is
earmarked for worker training.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $17,043,600 supported by 156.8
total workyears for this program, of which $8,746,200 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $8,297,400 was from the Abatement, Control, and
Compliance appropriation.
During the year EPA introduced initial procedural and policy reforms in the
Existing Chemical Review program. The Agency established a regular program of
risk management (RM) review meetings to review the risks to human health and the
environment associated with selected chemicals, producing recommendations for a
graduated series of non-regulatory or regulatory actions. Among other major
accomplishments, EPA developed 15 RMl (first-level risk management reviews) cases
and began three RM investigations. Agency personnel conduced 150 initial reviews
of information received under TSCA section 8(e) and conducted 375 section 8(e)
follow-up or for-your-information (FYI) reviews. The Agency produced 156
Significant New Use Rules (SNURs) and minor rules as a significant backlog of
work was eliminated. EPA staff issued PCB disposal permits, made referrals to
other Federal agencies and departments for regulatory review under TSCA section
9, and responded to TSCA section 21 petitions.
NEW CHEMICAL REVIEW
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $17,022,100 supported by 168.0 total
workyears for the New Chemical Review program, of which $10,310,900 will be for
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $6,711,200 will be for the Abatement,
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Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents an increase of $614,400
for Salaries and Expenses and a decrease of $900,000 for Abatement, Control and
Compliance; there is no change in the total workyears. The increase in Salaries
and Expenses reflects increased personnel costs. The Abatement, Control and
Compliance decrease reflects the reprogramming of resources to support the
Agency's EPCRA program.
«
In 1992, we estimate receipt of approximately 3,000 new chemical notices.
This is the same number of notices estimated for 1991. About 15% of the
submissions are expected to result in voluntary or formal control actions. The
majority of notices will be subject to the user fee rule published in 1988,
generating approximately $3,500,000 in revenues for deposit into the General
Fund.
Full implementation of the New Chemical follow-up rule will enable the New
Chemical Review program to include more new chemicals under SNURs in 1992,
thereby reducing the time margin during which a SNUR can be preempted by the
introduction of a chemical into commerce.
Rulemaking activities in the new chemicals area will focus on proposed
amendments to the premanufacture notice (PMN) rules. These amendments will
ultimately reduce review costs in future years as limited exemptions from PMN
reporting requirements are promulgated (e.g., increasing the levels permitted
under the low-volume exemption, limiting reporting and review times for
intermediates and polymers, and making certain PMN information binding on
submitters).
Rulemaking activities in the biotechnology area will focus on publishing
a biotechnology notice of proposed rulemaking, and supporting activities needed
to meet a final rule target date of early 1993. Submissions for microbial
products are expected to expand to 20. It is anticipated that most of these
submissions will result in TSCA section 5(e) orders. As with any new program,
numerous questions of policy and review process modifications are anticipated.
Scientific staff will continue to develop assessment tools, data, and guidance
documents for the biotechnology program. These efforts will be coordinated with
other EPA and non-EPA groups.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $17,307,700 supported by 168.0
total workyears for this program, of which $9,696,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $7,611,200 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1991, the agency expects new chemical PMN submissions to total 3,000.
The majority of notices are subject to the user fee rule, generating
approximately $3,500,000 in revenues for deposit into the General Fund. We also
expect to receive 10 notices for microbial products. Review procedures for
microbial products are more resource intensive than regular submissions and are
expected to result in TSCA section 5(e) orders on most submissions to require
development of additional information.
An optical disk document storage system will become operational in 1991.
This state-of-the-art technology will provide timely access to documents received
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and generated by the program through more efficient storage, automated tracking,
and retrieval. When fully implemented, the optical disk system will reduce costs
and significantly improve productivity over the microfiche system now in use.
In 1991, EPA will issue a broad set of rules to inform the public of how
EPA proposes to regulate biotechnology products. 1991 represents the Agency's
last opportunity to get a jump on developing a strong technical capacity in*the
biotechnology area before " the demands of its review program overwhelm its
capacity. Activities in 1991 will focus on development of a needs assessment,
and formulation of a coordinated Agency strategy for model development.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $15,709,000 supported by 152.2
total workyears for this program, of which $8,646,500 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation, and $7,062,500 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1990, the New Chemical Review program received 2,750 PMNs for new
chemicals and conducted two biotechnology reviews. The majority of PMNs were
subject to the user fee rule, generating $3,071,712 in revenues for deposit into
the General Fund. Data submitted for review in response to TSCA section 5(e)
authorities exceeded budget projections by over 300% (35 budgeted, 110 received).
ASBESTOS IN BUILDINGS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,359,600 supported by 25.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,520,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,839,600 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $90,600 for Salaries and Expenses,
and a decrease of $5,595,000 for Abatement, Control and Compliance; there is no
change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses is the result
of increased personnel costs. The decrease in Abatement, Control and Compliance
reflects the reprogramming of resources to support the Agency's EPCRA program,
and the lack of need for implementation and administration funding for the
Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act (ASHAA) loan and grant program and of
funding for ne worker and contractor training and certification program. In
addition, many states have now established asbestos management and contractor
accreditation programs for schools and can be expected to continue to support
these programs.
In 1992, the Asbestos in Buildings program will support activities
necessary for Federal, state and local governments and the private sector to
develop and implement asbestos control and management programs. These activities
include continued regulatory and non-regulatory follow-up to the 1990 asbestos
in buildings dialogue, including actions with the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) and states; joint programs with the General Services
Administration (GSA) for Federal buildings; oversight of asbestos research; and
case studies on asbestos management in industrial and other settings. The Agency
will continue close-out site evaluations of ASHAA loan and grant projects awarded
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from 1987 through 1990 and monitor projects awarded in 1991. Under & grant with
the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP), EPA will continue to provide
technical assistance to schools and public and commercial building owners.
The Agency will provide other technical assistance, guidance documents and
training materials to assist schools in complying with Asbestos Hazard Emergency
Response Act (AHERA) rules. EPA will continue to help states improve their
accreditation programs, which they are required to establish under AHERA, and
other state management programs affecting schools.
Funding of cooperative agreements to establish and expand state asbestos
accreditation and management programs will continue. This funding provides
start-up monies to help the states establish enhanced, comprehensive asbestos
abatement programs in public and commercial buildings, expanding beyond the focus
on asbestos abatement in schools.
The joint research program sponsored by the EPA and the Health Effects
Institute (HEI), begun in 1989, will continue, with funding of $2,000,000. This
research focuses on indoor airborne asbestos levels, and includes funding from
a variety of private interests, such as current and former asbestos product
manufacturers, realtors, building owners and managers, mortgage bankers, labor
organizations and environmental groups.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $12,864,000 supported by 25.0
total workyears for this program, of which $1,429,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $11,434,600 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1991, through a technical assistance grant with the AARP, EPA is
continuing to provide the Regions with qualified staff to assist public and
commercial building owners and enhance state and local program development.
Resources also support continued AHERA accreditation activities, including
technical assistance, updated model training courses, and appropriate AHERA
policy updates. The Agency is continuing to monitor the progress of ASHAA loan
and grant abatement projects (a total of about 2,400 individual abatement
projects were funded through 1990). EPA, jointly with HEI, is continuing a
research program to study indoor asbestos exposure levels. Funding for
cooperative agreements with the states to establish and expand asbestos
accreditation and management programs for public and commercial buildings is also
continuing.
Congressional Directives. A total of $2,800,000 is for the Congressionally-
directed project of funding worker and contractor training and certification
programs. An additional $2,400,000 is available from the 1991 Asbestos Loan and
Grant appropriation ($46,300,000) for the implementation and administration of
the Federal ASHAA loan and grant program.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $11,822,200 supported by 29.6
total workyears for this program, of which $1,782,100 was from the Salaries and
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Expenses appropriation and $10,040,100 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
During 1990, EPA staff, in coordination with AARP staff, conducted close-
out inspections of ASHAA abatement projects funded in previous years, and advised
school officials with respect to AHERA requirements. Appropriate asbestos
abatement activities for public and commercial buildings were implemented under
the terms of the Agency's 1988 Report to Congress. In 1990, using funds
appropriated under ASHAA, the Agency initiated a $1,500,000 grant program under
the authority of TSCA section 28 to assist states in establishing AHERA-quality
accreditation programs for asbestos management and abatement professionals, and
provided $1,600,000 to fund worker training grants. EPA funded a $2,000,000
research effort with HEI to study indoor asbestos exposure levels. The Agency
also continued funding to the National Council of State Legislatures (NCSL) for
support to state accreditation programs.
REGIONAL TOXICS PROGRAM
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $940,300 supported by 15.1 total workyears
for this program, of which $690,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $250,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $62,700 for Salaries and Expenses,
with no change in Abatement, Control and Compliance or in total workyears.
Emphasis in 1992 will continue on enhancing the capabilities of the Regions
and states to address problems with PCBs, asbestos, and other toxic pollutants.
Administrative support will be given to new and expanding state implementation
as the states address multi-chemical priority areas identified by the Toxic
Release Inventory. Extramural funds will provide resources to the Regions to
conduct mass mailings, set up workshops, and develop informational material to
support outreach and technical assistance activities of the Regions.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $877,600 supported by 15.1
total workyears for this program, of which $627,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $250,000 is from the Abatement, Control, and
Compliance appropriation.
Emphasis in 1991 continues on enhancing the capabilities of the Regions and
states to address problems with PCBs, asbestos, and other toxic pollutants. The
goal for the asbestos in buildings program continues to be reducing exposure to
the public from asbestos in the nation's schools and developing a risk-based
program to address asbestos in public and commercial buildings. The major role
for the Regions is in assisting states, localities, and the private sector by
expanding state enhancement activities through grant assistance for state
planning, program integration and expansion of the worker accreditation program.
Extramural funds provide resources to the Regions to set up workshops and develop
informational material to support outreach and technical assistance activities.
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Major goals with respect to PCBs include encouraging state governments to
develop in-house expertise on PCB disposal, providing technical assistance to
industry for compliance with PCB regulations, supporting implementation of the
PCB notification and manifesting rule, and increasing state participation in
evaluation of site considerations in applications for PCB disposal permits.
Activities in support of these goals include the review and approval of PCB
disposal permits for stationary disposal facilities as well as applications 'for
PCB landfills and incinerators, and providing technical and risk assessment
support for state and local PCB issues.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $298,700 supported by 6.4 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
The Regional program focused on providing technical assistance to the states
in dealing with PCB problems and on enhancing state capabilities in developing
PCB regulatory programs. The focus of the asbestos program was on schools and
other commercial and public buildings, with particular emphasis on strengthening
state programs for accreditation of asbestos professionals. In addition,
implementation of the asbestos ban and phase-down rule required extensive
Regional efforts to explain to industry and the general public the requirements
of the rule and its impact.
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
OPTS Title III
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
OPTS - EPCRA
Salaries I Expenses $4,366.3 $4,308.0 $4,308.0 $4,605.8 $297.8
Abatement Control and $12,220.4 $12,089.7 $12,089.7 $14,839.7 $2,750.0
Compliance
TOTAL $16,586.7 $16,397.7 $16,397.7 $19,445.5 $3,047.8
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $4,366.3 $4,308.0 $4,308.0 $4,605.8 $297.8
Abatement Control and $12,220.4 $12,089.7 $12,089.7 $14,839.7 $2,750.0
Compliance
OPTS'- EPCRA TOTAL $16,586.7 $16,397.7 $16,397.7 $19,445.5 $3,047.8
PERMANENT UORICYEARS
OPTS - EPCRA 75.3 72.8 72.8 74.8 2.0
TOTAL PERMANENT UORICYEARS 75.3 72.8 72.8 74.8 2.0
TOTAL UORICYEARS
OPTS - EPCRA 79.6 74.8 74.8 74.8 0.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS 79.6 74.8 74.8 74.8 0.0
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
OPTS Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know
Budget Request
«
The Agency requests a total of $19,445,500 supported by 74.8 total
workyears for 1992, an increase of $3,047,800 and no change in total workyears
from 1991. Of this amount, $4,605,800 will be for the Salaries and Expense
appropriation and $14,839,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $297,800 in the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and an increase of $2,750,000 in the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation.
OPTS-EPCRA
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $19,445,500 supported by 74.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $4,605,800 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $14,839,700 will be for the Abatement, Control, and
Compliance appropriation. This represents an increase of $297,800 in Salaries
and Expenses, an increase of $2,750,000 in Abatement, Control and Compliance, and
no change in total workyears. The increases in Salaries and Expenses and in
Abatement, Control and Compliance support implementation activities associated
with the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA/90), continued support of the Data
Quality Initiative, and the need to expand the TRI database to accommodate
additional data fields.
In 1992, the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) program will continue to
emphasize data quality and expanding the use of the TRI data by state and local
governments, other EPA offices, and industry. Program resources will support in-
depth, multi-media audits of 75 of the largest emitters reporting on TRI. In
addition, the data quality initiative will add a multi-media health and
environmental assessment of these releases, and take into account reported
releases from other facilities in the same geographic area. State grants awarded
under authority of section 28 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) will
help address on-going data quality issues and also support state pollution
prevention efforts. A fourth National Report will be published and the program
will continue to refine and revise the TRI list of chemicals by rule, respond to
petitions, process trade secret claims, provide state and Regional assistance,
and maintain the Title III hotline. Public and industry outreach activities will
continue.
The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 will have a significant impact on TRI
program activities in 1992. PPA/90 adds reporting requirements for each
owner/operator of a facility required to file under section 313 of the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA). The additional information that must
be filed includes an annual reporting of toxic chemical source reduction and
recycling efforts. The expanded report must be filed for each chemical required
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to be reported under SARA section 313, and EPA is required to make this
information available to the public in the same manner as the TRI data.
Implementation of PPA/90 will require an expansion of the structure of the
TRI database and the expeditious issuance of new reporting rules, as well as an
intensive technical assistance effort to enable industry to comply with the new
requirements. Systems and hardware development, rulemaking, and the development
of training/technical assistance programs will begin in 1991. 1992 activities
will follow with the operation and maintenance of the restructured TRI database,
and modification of the National Library of Medicine's (NLM) public access system
and other public access means, such as magnetic media tapes. In late 1992, EPA
will begin receiving and processing PPA/90 reporting forms for calendar year
1991.
In 1992, the Regional program will complement the Headquarters-based TRI
data quality initiative. Multi-media environmental audits of selected TRI
facilities in EPA Regions will be coupled with a data assessment to determine
potential environmental impacts of reported releases. The audits will have
elements of both data quality and compliance/enforcement, and will lead to
detailed risk identification. The Regional program will continue outreach
activities to encourage comprehensive, accurate, and timely reporting of
emissions by industry; provide TRI information to Regional media offices, states
and the public; encourage the use of the data by Regional programs and state
agencies; and work with Headquarters to make the data available to the public.
Regional staff will provide training and assistance to industry concerning the
new reporting requirements of PPA/90 in addition to training with respect to
access and use of TRI data. Agency enforcement staff and personnel from other
media will use TRI data to target facility inspections. Regional staff will also
work to decrease emissions by focusing public attention on the data, working with
state and local agencies to identify facilities of concern, and providing
pollution prevention information and technology transfer to the regulated
industries. EPA will continue to work with state agencies and tribal components
to facilitate cross-program, inter- and intra-agency communication and
coordination on use and interpretation of, and programmatic response to, the
data.
1991 Program
In 1991 the Agency is allocating a total of $16,397,700, supported by 74.8
total workyears for this program, of which $4,308,000 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $12,089,700 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1991, the TRI program is focusing on more efficient processing of forms,
additional assessment of data quality, and improved accessibility/usability of
the NLM database and TRI "other means" products. Included is $800,000 in state
grants authorized under section 28 of TSCA to help address data quality issues
not covered by the 1990 grants. A third National Report will be published and
assistance will be provided to the General Accounting Office (GAO) for their
report to Congress as required by the statute. Efforts will continue to refine
and revise the TRI list of chemicals by rule, respond to petitions, process trade
secret claims, provide state and Regional assistance, maintain the Title III
hotline, conduct public and industry outreach activities, and proceed with the
fee waiver program. EPA will complete its review of the 3-year sunset provision,
9-40
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and publish a notice either to remove the provision or amend the reporting fonn
and instructions.
Initial implementation of the PPA/90 requirements will begin in 1991 with
the restructuring of the TRI database to accommodate the additional information
that will be reported. Other activities will include redesign of the reporting
forms, rulemakings, and the development of training and technical assista'nce
programs to enable industry to comply with the new reporting requirements.
The Regional program will continue outreach activities to encourage
comprehensive, accurate, and timely reporting of emissions by industry; provide
TRI information to Regional media offices, states and the public; encourage the
use of the data by Regional programs and state agencies; provide training
concerning access and use of TRI data, and work with Headquarters to make the
data available to the public. Public outreach efforts will also include
providing interpretation/information to the public concerning chemical releases,
informing them on ways to access the data, and facilitate communication with
other Regional media offices. Regional staff will work to decrease emissions
through data analysis, working with state and local agencies to identify
facilities of concern, and providing pollution prevention information/technology
transfer to the regulated industries. Regional staff will also conduct industry
audits to identify opportunities for waste minimization and pollution prevention
activities and provide information to state programs on waste minimization and
pollution prevention.
Congressional Directives. A total of $1,250,000 is for the Congressionally-
directed project of implementing the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $16,586,700 supported by 79.6
total workyears for this program, of which $4,366,300 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $12,220,400 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1990, the TRI program focused on maintaining its operational components
while seeking to improve data quality. Data quality efforts included a multi-
level approach to identifying and correcting errors in the data submitted and
providing 11 states with start up grants to initiate self-perpetuating state
level data quality assurance efforts relating to SARA section 313 submissions.
To ensure that access to the TRI database was not limited by economic need and
to encourage initial data access, the fee waiver program was initiated to provide
access to the NLM database to qualified applicants. The program continued to
process petitions for addition and deletion of SARA section 313 chemicals and
specifically added nine chemicals to the list. A second National Report was
published comparing first and second year data and assessing the reasons for
changes in release data.
In 1990, the Regional TRI program addressed six major areas: 1) promoting
full reporting by all facilities; 2) supporting the use of the TRI data within
the Regional office and in the states; 3) supporting the public's use of the
data; 4) continuing industry outreach activities; 5) promoting better quality
data; and 6) managing grants to states.
9-41
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ENFORCEMENT
Toxic Substances Enforcement 9-42
Toxic Substances Enforcement ... 9-43
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants 9-45
OPTS Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Enforcement . 9-46
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Enforcement
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIKATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
Salaries t Expenses $8.360.1 $9,173.1 $9,173.0 $10,007.4 $834.4
Abatement Control and $2,543.4 $2,497.8 $2,497.8 $2,497.8 0.0
Compliance
TOTAL $10,903.5 $11,670.9 $11,670.8 $12,505.2 $834.4
Toxic Substances
Enforcement Grants
Abatement Control and $3,098.3 $5,100.0 $5,100.0 $5,100.0 0.0
Compliance
TOTAL $3,098.3 $5,100.0 $5,100.0 $5,100.0 0.0
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $8,360.1 $9,173.1 $9,173.0 $10,007.4 $834.4
Abatement Control and $5,641.7 $7,597.8 $7,597.8 $7,597.8 0.0
Compliance
> Toxic Substances TOTAL $14,001.8 $16,770.9 $16,770.8 $17,605.2 $834.4
Enforcement
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Toxic Substances 162.0 179.4 179.4 187.2 7.8
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 162.0 179.4 179.4 187.2 7.8
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Toxic Substances 167.5 187.2 187.2 187.2 0.0
Enforcement
TOTAL WORKYEARS 167.5 187.2 187.2 187.2 0.0
9-42
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of §17,605,200 and 187.2 total workyears for
1992, an increase of $834,400. Of the request, $10,007,400 will be for .the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and $7,597,800 will be for the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents an increase of $834,400 in
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and no increase in the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation.
TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENFORCEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,505,200 supported by 187.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $10,007,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,497,800 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $834,400 for Salaries and Expenses,
no increase of the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, and no
increase in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
increased personnel and support costs.
Headquarters manages the national toxic substances enforcement program
through guidance to and periodic reviews of Regional programs, including on-site
program evaluations. Headquarters also manages a cooperative agreement with the
American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) to conduct compliance monitoring
inspections in support of the asbestos-in-schools rule, and exercises overall
authority in conducting the Agency's laboratory data integrity program. EPA will
continue to conduct full-scale audits of completed test studies submitted to the
Agency, and inspections of testing laboratories to verify compliance with good
laboratory practices. Both the Regions and Headquarters will also prepare and
issue notices of noncompliance and civil administrative complaints and will
provide technical assistance and support as necessary to the Office of Enforcement
(OE) in the prosecution of civil and criminal cases.
In 1992, Regional personnel will conduct compliance inspections and provide
case development specifically targeted at polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) disposal
sites and broker/transporter/storer facilities, while continuing to emphasize
asbestos inspections at local education agencies under the Asbestos Hazard
Emergency Response Act (AHERA). New enforcement activities will be initiated in
conjunction with the new application of asbestos legislation to public buildings.
Regional staff will also participate in the laboratory data integrity program
by conducting good laboratory practices (GLP) inspections at laboratories that
perform toxic substances testing. The Regional offices will also conduct
compliance inspections in support of Section 5 new chemical regulations, Section
8 reporting rules, and Section 6 inspections in support of regulations on asbestos
and hexavalent chromium will also be conducted.
9-43
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The Office of Compliance and Monitoring's (OCM) Toxic Substances Control Act
(TSCA) decentralization initiative will continue to encourage states to develop
comprehensive and expanded TSCA legislative authorities that would allow states
to assume a wide range of TSCA enforcement responsibilities, including case
development and multi-chemical control. Headquarters will continue its efforts
to provide guidance to the states regarding the development of state enforcement
infrastructures and legislation and associated tracking of compliance activities.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is" allocating a total of $11,670,800 and 187.2 total
workyears for this program, of which $9,173,000 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,497,800 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The Regions are conducting inspection programs to determine compliance with
TSCA rules. The Regions are also providing assistance to firms that are either
seeking to comply voluntarily with TSCA requirements, or that wish to take
remedial actions to achieve compliance. During settlement negotiations
Headquarters and Regions are advocating pollution prevention activities to
encourage broader participation by industry and the public through enforcement
outreach, and technical assistance activities designed to change production use
and recycling habits. The Regional offices are preparing and issuing notices of
noncompliance and civil administrative orders, and developing and prosecuting
cases when compliance is not achieved.
Additional TSCA decentralization efforts are being made in 1991 to encourage
additional States to institute the necessary legislative authorities to initiate
their own TSCA compliance enforcement programs. Thirty-five states currently
participate in the cooperative enforcement agreement program.
In addition to providing overall program guidance and management,
Headquarters is managing the laboratory data integrity program and conducting
audits of test studies submitted to the Agency under TSCA testing rules.
Headquarters staff are managing the AARF cooperative agreemen that supports
compliance monitoring inspections under the asbestos-in-schools program.
Headquarters is also participating in regulation development directed by the
Office of Toxic Substances, and preparing enforcement response policies and
compliance monitoring strategies for newly developed regulations.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $10,903,500 supported by 167.5 total
workyesrs for this program, of which $8,360,100 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,543,400 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1990 the program conducted compliance inspections, d-ta processing, and
scientific review of data audits. The Regional offices c iucted compliance
inspections in support of existing TSCA rules, placing par alar emphasis on
PCBs, asbestos-in-schools inspections under Section 6, and seccion 5 chemicals.
Upon detection of violations, including those originating from state-conducted
inspections, the Regional staff developed and prosecuted enforcement cases.
9-44
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENFORCEMENT GRANTS
1992 Pror«» Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,100,000 for this program, all of which will
be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents no
change from 1991. Currently, 35 states participate in this program, which
emphasizes compliance monitoring of chemical control rules, particularly for PCBs
and asbestos. The increase .reflects the program's commitment to building state
capabilities.
States will continue to receive guidance and direction to develop
comprehensive TSCA authorities for case development and enforcement programs that:
include more than PCBs and asbestos inspections in support of TSCA Section 6. The
multi-media initiative will continue to provide states with resources to develop
TSCA legislative authorities for enhancing administrative, criminal, and civil
enforcement within and across media. These resources will also enable improved
screening capabilities for data of cross -media violators. Inspector training in
cross -media issues will also be augmented.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,100,000 for this program, all
of which is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These funds
support state -conducted toxic substances compliance monitoring programs in 35
states. These state programs focus on Section 6 chemical control rules,
particularly PCB and asbestos compliance monitoring.
Grant funding is being used to expand state enhancement of more comprehensive
state TSCA enforcement capability as part of the decentralization program. State
regulators of toxic substances are also using grant funds to develop an
enforcement capability that encompasses all media as opposed to being chemical
specific.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,098,300 for this program, all of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Initially,
these funds supported state cooperative enforcement agreement programs in 30
states. During the course of the year 5 additional states signed cooperative
agreements .
In 1990, a program of decentralization was begun to encourage and assist
states in developing expanded and more comprehensive legislative authorities.
State regulations of toxic substances were subsequently initiated as opposed to
specific cheaicals so that TSCA enforcement and case development could be
thoroughly addressed.
9-45
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
OPTS Title III Enforcement
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
OPTS • EPCRA •
Enforcement
Salaries t Expenses $571.4 $603.4 $603.3 $819.7 $216.4
Abatement Control and $2,550.9 $2,724.9 $2,724.9 $2,474.9 -$250.0
CofflpLittnct
TOTAL $3,122.3 $3,328.3 $3,328.2 $3,294.6 -$33.6
TOTAL:
Salaries t Expenses $571.4 $603.4 $603.3 $819.7 $216.4
Abatement Control and $2,550.9 $2,724.9 $2,724.9 $2,474.9 -$250.0
Compliance
OPTS - EPCRA TOTAL $3,122.3 $3,328.3 $3,328.2 $3,294.6 -$33.6
Enforcement
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
OPTS - EPCRA • 12.7 11.3 11.3 14.4 3.1
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS 12.7 11.3 11.3 14.4 3.1
TOTAL UORKYEARS
OPTS - EPCRA - 12.9 11.4 11.4 14.4 3.0
Enforcement
TOTAL UORKYEARS 12.9 11.4 11.4 14.4 3.0
9-46
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
OPTS Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,294,600 supported by 14.4 total workyears
for 1992, a decrease of $33,700 and an increase of 3.0 total workyears from 1991.,
Of this amount, $819,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$2,474,900 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an
increase of $216,300 in the Salaries and Expense appropriation and a decrease of
$250,000 in Abatement, Control, and Compliance.
OPTS EPCRA ENFORCEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,294,600 supported by 14.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $819,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and $2,474,900 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $216,300 for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation, a decrease of $250,000 in the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation, and an increase of 3.0 total workyears. The increase
in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased personnel and support costs and
supports increased data quality and late reporter enforcement. The decrease in
Abatement, Control and Compliance represents a lower level of funding for the
data base linkage project.
In 1992, Headquarters will continue to review and update enforcement
response policies, compliance monitoring strategies, procedural manuals and
guidance relating to the Emergency Planning and Community-Right-to-Know Act
(EPCRA). Headquarters will also manage a grant with the American Association of
Retired Persons (AARP) to conduct compliance inspections and provide paralegal
case development under EPCRA. Such contractor support enables the Agency to
reach a broader portion of the regulated community. Headquarters will continue
automated data processing (ADF) support for an "expert" computer system to target
compliance inspections. The computer system will cross-check production and
facility profile data to identify facilities that may be non-compliers under
EPCRA reporting requirements. Facilities with the highest potential for failure
to submit reports will be targeted for inspections. ADP support will also enable
Regions to monitor inspections and cases to manage the program most efficiently.
Also, Headquarters will complete the development and in-field application of an
automated risk reduction inspection targeting system.
In 1992, Regions will conduct compliance inspections of chemical facilities
that use, manufacture or process potentially harmful chemicals to verify that
such facilities observe the reporting requirements of EPCRA. The data submitted
informs the public and EPA of the presence of toxic chemicals at the
manufacturing facility and documents the release of toxic chemicals into the
environment. Headquarters and Regions will continue to utilize this data to
develop the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The use of TRI data by Federal,
State, and local governments is an important pollution prevention and risk
9-47
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reduction tool. With this information local authorities will prepare more
effective emergency response plans, training programs, and notification
procedures to protect health and the environment in their respective areas.
Headquarters at- Regions will utilize TRI data to determine appropriate pollution
prevention measures to incorporate in case settlements.
As the TRI program matures in 1992, targets of enforcement actions will-be
expanded to include false-reporters along with non-reporters. By expanding its
compliance coverage of the regulated community to include emphasizing the quality
and accuracy of data received, the Agency will enhance the usefulness of the TRI
system. Since many such facilities are also subject to the reporting
requirements of sections 5, 8 and 13 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA),
the Regions will integrate EPCRA inspections with TSCA recordkeeping and
reporting inspections where possible. The Regions will develop appropriate
enforcement actions in response to any violations of EPCRA detected during
inspections.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,328,200 supported by 11.4
total workyears for this program, of which $603,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,724,900 of which is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
Headquarters continues to provide case development support and guidance to
the Regional offices for EPCRA enforcement cases, and manage extramural project
funds. A computerized enforcement and penalty strategy for faulty reporting,
which is estimated to be 70% of submissions, is managed at Headquarters. Under
a new pilot program, settlement of cases for EPCRA section 313 violations may
include the remittance of a portion of the administrative civil penalty if a
facility agrees to reduce emissions from the facility. Headquarters will
identify appropriate guidelines for establishing and measuring documentable
emissions reductions in exchange for remitted penalties.
Regions are targeting enforcement efforts toward certain facilities which
have violated other environmental statutes, are located in sensitive ecosystems
or near population centers. In response to Section 313 reporting requirements,
Regions are identifying and taking action against those industry facilities that
are required to report under Section 313, but fail to do so. Inspections to
identify non-reporters help to define the regulated universe enabling Regions to
become increasingly efficient in targeting inspections with each new section 313
reporting cycle.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,121 300 supported by 12.9 total
workyears for this program, of which $571,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,550,900 was from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1990, Headquarters developed final enforcement response policies and
compliance monitoring strategies to accompany final rules developed by the Office
of Toxic Substances under EPCRA. Headquarters participated in regulation
development to assure the enforceability of new rules, and developed rules of
9-48
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practice, guidance documents, and inspection guidelines to implement specific
program activities. Finally, Headquarters provided oversight and assistance in
regional case development to ensure program-wide consistency among cases and to
make precedent-setting determinations in cases of first impression, thereby-
assuring the integrity of the national compliance monitoring effort.
The Regions provided compliance assistance to the regulated community, the
states, and local authorities. Compliance assistance includes responding to
inquiries from individual facilities or the regulated industry as a whole on
enforcement requirements, providing training in compliance matters to industry,
state or local representatives, and reviewing and implementing enforcement
policies, strategies and inspection procedures. The Regions also conducted a
limited number of compliance inspections, some of which were integrated with
other inspections under TSCA sections 5, 8 and 13. The Regions also initiated
case development as violations were detected.
9-49
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
«
Page
ENERGY 10-1
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Energy Research 10-4
Acid Deposition 10-7
Environmental Engineering and Technology 10-9
-------
ENERGY
ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST
1992
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries t Expenses
Research t Development
TOTAL. Energy
S3,162.5 $1,835.9 $1.835.9 $1,886.3 $50.4
$30,162.6 $11,785.9 $11,785.9 $11,785.9 0.0
$33,325.1 $13,621.8 $13,621.8 $13,672.2 $50.4
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
48.5 30.4 30.4 30.4 0.0
49.0 30.4 30.4 30.4 0.0
$50,598.1 $13,437.8 $13,437.8 $12,246.9 -$1,190.9
Authorization for Energy is under the Environmental
Research, Development and Demonstration Act which
expired September 30, 1981. Reauthorization is pending.
10-1
-------
ENERGY
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Energy Program provides scientific information necessary to assess
environmental impacts from the Nation's energy sector (e.g. utilities, industry,
and automobiles) and evaluate potential controls to mitigate environmental
effects from energy use. Energy Program activities are focused on two
environmental issues related to energy use:
1. understanding effects of and assessing solutions to reduce acid
deposition and
2. assessing retrofit boiler technologies which can reduce acid
deposition air emissions.
Acid Deposition
The National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) was reauthorized
by Title IX of the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA). NAPAP will review research
activities conducted under the original 1980 research plan and develop a revised
plan to address significant research gaps to address current and future research
priorities. The NAPAP Final Assessment Report, to be released in the Spring
of 1991, will provide policy makers with scientific data on the causes and
effects of acid deposition.
In 1992, research will continue long-term monitoring, modeling, and
technology demonstration on air emissions related to acid deposition to support
the new requirements from the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Activities will be
focused in three major areas:
Research will estimate air emissions from man-made sources by improving
air emission inventories and applying models specific to major sources.
Research will continue to assess atmospheric processes through
applications of (a) the Regional Acid Deposition Monitoring (RADM) model
in different control scenarios and (b) an upgraded RADM to describe
deposition in urban areas and sensitive receptor regions.
Research will continue monitoring on dry atmospheric deposition of
chemical species of interest (e.g., S02, N02, 03, and particulate sulfate
and nitrate).
LIMB Control Technology
The Limestone Injection Multistage Burner (LIMB) Research Program is
developing and evaluating air emission control technology that will remove sulfur
oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from flue gases of existing coal-fired
boilers. In 1992, research will provide support for the final testing of a
commercial-scale demonstration of a tangentially-fired LIMB technology in
Yorktown, Virginia. The LIMB demonstration program will be completed in 1992.
This project is jointly funded by the Federal government and the electrical power
generating industry.
10-2
-------
Consulting Services
Consulting services are used on an intermittent basis to supplement
technical expertise in the Acid Deposition Program.
10-3
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
t
Page
ENERGY
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Energy Research 10-4
Acid Deposition 10-7
Environmental Engineering and Technology ...... 10-9
-------
ENERGY
Energy Research
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Acid Deposition-Energy
Salaries I Expenses $2,025.2 $741.5 $741.5 $761.4 $19.9
Research & Development $27,778.9 $9,392.2 $9,392.2 $9,392.2 0.0
TOTAL $29,804.1 $10,133.7 $10,133.7 $10,153.6 $19.9
Environmental
Engineering t
Technology - Energy
Salaries I Expenses $1,137.3 $1.094.4 $1,094.4 $1.124.9 $30.5
Research I Development $2,383.7 $2,393.7 $2,393.7 $2.393.7 0.0
TOTAL $3,521.0 $3,488.1 $3,488.1 $3,518.6 $30.5
TOTAL:
Salaries ( Expenses $3,162.5 $1,835.9 $1,835.9 $1,886.3 $50.4
Research I Development $30,162.6 $11,785.9 $11,785.9 $11,785.9 0.0
Energy Research TOTAL $33,325.1 $13,621.8 $13,621.8 $13,672.2 $50.4
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Acid Deposition-Energy 29.7 12.0 12.0 12.0 0.0
Environmental 18.8 18.4 18.4 18.4 0.0
Engineering I
Technology - Energy
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS 48.5 30.4 30.4 30.4 0.0
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Acid Deposition-Energy 29.7 12.0 12.0 12.0 0.0
Environmental 19.3 18.4 18.4 18.4 0.0
Engineering &
Technology - Energy
TOTAL UORKTEARS 49.0 30.4 30.4 30.4 0.0
10-4
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ENERGY
Energy Research
Principal Outputs
JL992: o Establish a reference method for site-specific and large area
dry deposition trends analysis (Monitoring).
o Evaluate temporal and spatial trends from the National Dry
Deposition Network (Monitoring).
o Completion of the Phase I evaluation of the full RADM model
(Monitoring).
o Application of the streamlined version of RADM\EM to
deposition, and the visibility monitoring network sighting and
trend analysis (Monitoring).
o Complete the 10MW field evaluation of ADVACATE at the
Tennessee Valley Authroity's (TVA) Shawnee plant
(Engineering).
o Complete the field construction, and initiate and complete the
testing of a tangentially-fired LIMB system at Yorktown,
Virginia (Engineering).
1991: o Complete a dry deposition data report based on the continued
operation of the National Dry Deposition Network (Monitoring).
o Evaluate temporal and spatial trends in Acid Deposition
(Monitoring).
o Application of the fully operational Eulerian Regional Acid
Deposition Modeling system (RADM/EM) for the analysis of
control scenarios (Monitoring).
o Evaluate the Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM) using
surface and aircraft monitoring data (Monitoring).
o Commence construction of the 10MW field evaluation of the
ADVACATE process at the Tennessee Valley Authority's Shawnee
plant (Engineering).
o Initiate the field construction phase of a 180MW tangentially-
fired LIMB demonstration at Yorktown, Virginia (Engineering).
10-5
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1990: o Report on Direct/Delayed Response Program predictions of the
Mid-Appalachian region (Monitoring).
o Report on temporal and chemical variability in lakes within
the Northeastern U.S. (Monitoring).
*
o Report on temporal and spatial trends in acid deposition
(Monitoring).
o Completed the final design of the tangentially-fired LIMB
demonstration (Engineering).
o Completed the pilot-scale testing of the E-SO, process
utilizing recycled sorbent (Engineering).
10-6
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ENERGY
Energy Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $13,672,200 supported by 30.4 total
workyears for 1992. Of the request, $1,886,300 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $11,785,900 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation. There is a $50,400 increase in Salaries and Expenses and the
Research and Development budget is stable. The increase in S&E is to fund the
Federal workforce needed to implement the President's program in 1992.
Program Objectives
The goal of energy program is to provide EPA program and Regional offices;
Federal, State, and local governments; and industry with the scientific
information necessary to help guide the development and utilization of energy
resources in an environmentally acceptable manner. This scientific information
is obtained through the Acid Deposition research program, which has been
reauthorized under the new Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA), and a control
technology program which is investigating retrofit boiler technologies such as
the Limestone Injection Multistage Burner (LIMB) process. Acid deposition
research is coordinated through the Interagency Task Force of the National Acid
Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) , which was responsible for preparing the
Final NAPAP Assessment Report to Congress in 1991. LIMB research is conducted
in conjunction with the Department of Energy, which is responsible for the
Federal Clean Coal Technology Program. This research will develop and evaluate
air emission control technologies that will remove sulfur oxides (SOX) and
nitrogen oxides (NOX) from flue gases of existing pulverized coal-fired boilers.
ACID DEPOSITION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,153,600 supported by 12.0 total
workyears for acid deposition research, of which $761,400 will be for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $9,392,200 will be for the Research and
Development appropriation. ORD's research on Acid Deposition includes: (1)
Improving methods for estimating area and point source emissions by the
development of better methods for estimating emissions (especially area source
emissions), development of improved data collection procedures, and the
development of improved data quality assurance policy procedures; and (2) the
maintenance of emission projection models specific to major source sectors (e.g. ,
utilities, and other industrial sources). This research results in an improved
emission inventory capability for State and Regional offices, a higher quality
and more cost effective method for collecting and estimating emissions data, and
an improved capability to perform model predictions for emissions policy
analysis. This research will improve the Agency's understanding of the amount
of acidic pollutants formed as a result of man's activities, addresses the
atmospheric processes involved in acid deposition, examines and predicts the
10-7
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transport, chemical transformation and deposition processes of acidic air masses,
quantifies wet and dry acid deposition levels to establish deposition trends, and
provides precise information for statistical analyses on source/receptor
relationships.
In FY 1992, ORD scientists will complete the joint U.S./Canadian evaluation
of RADM along with the Canadian ADOM model. ORD will use RADM in optimizing CAA
implementation through forecasting the effects of emission trading, coal
moratoriums, and related inter-state issues; extrapolating site-specific
deposition monitoring data for baseline trends determination; supporting joint
U.S./Canadian research on transbo-mdery flows; and describing the inter-program
effects of instituting controls for VOC's, oxidants, and acid deposition.
Scientists will merge both the RADM and ROM modeling capabilities. This will
build a comprehensive modeling system to study urban and regional oxidant issues,
and eni .mce nitrogen chemistry components. Scientists will down-scale the RADM
model to desk top versions for use by Regional Offices, States, public utilities,
and other reseat~n organizations.
In FY 1992, ORD's existing NDDN research-based network will provide
continuity in be -line trends data. ORD scientists will complete resiting in
conjunction with ne CAA detectability network design in FY 1991. ORD will add
no additional sites for sensitive target regions.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $10,133,700 supported by 12.0
total workyears for this research, of which $741,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $9,392,200 is from the Research and Development
appropriation. ORD scientists will use these resources to support the Regional
Acid Deposition Model (RADM) and RADM/Engineering Model (RADM/EM) to estimate
deposition to sensitive receptor areas (both U.S. and Canadian) for transboundery
flow, to estimate source-receptor contributions for various control strategies,
to site and interpolate data from a deposition monitoring network detecting
changes due to CAA controls, and to answer inter-program effects questions for
oxidants, VOCs, acid deposition, nitrogen loading, and air toxics programs. ORD
scientists will evaluate the RADM and the Canadian ADOM (Acid Deposition and
Oxidant Model) using data from the ACID-MODES field and aircraft studies, and
will evaluate and report aggregated cases for RADM to predict seasonal and annual
averages of deposition. Researchers will document the spatial and temporal
variability of non-linearities in the atmosphere. Scientists will respond to
follow-on issues raised by State-of-Science and Technical and Integrated
Assessment reports prepared for the National Acid Precipitation Assessment
Program (NAPAP) and document the computer code of the RADM series used for the
NAPAP Assessment.
ORD will operate the National Dry Deposition Network (NDDN) of 51 dry
deposition monitoring sites to collect air quality, meteorological, and
vegetation data necessary for estimating dry deposition. Researchers will study
the Leaf Area Index (LAI) measurement and the Large Area Deposition (LAD)
extrapolation to help find uncertainties associated with extending site-specific
dry deposition parameters to area averages. ORD will improve nitrogen oxide and
sulfur oxide field instrumentation to correct any deficiencies. For wet
deposition, ORD will support 7-9 sites for quality assurance, for the data
repository for the 150-station National Trends Network (NTN), and other wet
10-8
-------
deposition monitoring networks. The wet deposition data determines temporal and
spatial trends. Scientists will design an integrated network with paybacks in
economy and high quality data from a NDDN, NTN, visibility, and an acid aerosol
network in combination with an effects network under EMAP.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $29,804,100 supported by 29.7
total workyears for this research program, of which $2,025,200 was from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $27,778,900 was from the Research and
Development appropriation. Scientists used these resources to complete the
research required in support of the 1990 NAFAP Integrated Assessment and
production of SOS/T reports for NAPAP. ORD completed a 1984 emissions data base
that improves current area source methodologies and application of the completed
AUSH model; evaluated the RADM/EM modeling system; completed a successful
meteorological seasonal aggregation scheme; operated the wet deposition
monitoring network and the dry deposition network; and completed the Episodic
Research program, the direct delayed response programs, and the atmospheric
exposure to forests. ORD completed research on the Watershed Manipulation
Program and published open literature results of aquatic work initiated in
previous years.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,518,600 supported by 18.4 total workyears
for this research program, of which $1,124,900 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,393,700 will be for the Research and Development
appropriation.
ORD will conduct research in two areas: (1) a commercial scale
demonstration of the tangentially-fired Limestone Injection Multistage Burner
(LIMB) technology; and (2) in-house laboratory studies in support of the full-
scale LIMB demonstration. In FY 1992, ORD will complete the construction of the
commercial scale system at Yorktown, Virginia and will initiate and complete a
full test program. Scientists will evaluate the solubility of the wastes
produced by the LIMB process to determine any potential problems associated with
its disposal. The LIMB commercial demonstration program is being jointly funded
by the Federal government and industry.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,488,100 and 18.4 total
workyears for this research program, of which $1,094,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,393,700 is from the Research and Development
appropriation. ORD will initiate the construction of the tangentially-fired
boiler LIMB system at Yorktown, Virginia. This large scale demonstration is
important because approximately 40% of U.S. utility boilers which are
tangentially- fired will have to comply with the acid rain controls mandated in
the CAAA. ORD scientists will work on improving sorbents, characterizating
wastes, and waste disposal.
10-9
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,521,000 supported by 18.8 total
workyears for this research program, of which $1,137,300 was from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and $2,383,700 was from the Research and Development
appropriation. In 1990, ORD completed the final detailed design of the
tangentially-fired LIMB system at Yorktown, Virginia. ORD completed the final
draft report on the wall-fired LIMB technology commercial scale demonstration at
Edgewater, Ohio.
10-10
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
•
Page
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT ' 11-1
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management 11-6
Program Management - Air and Radiation 11-9
P gram Management - Water 11-9
P. gram Management - Enforcement 11-10
Program Management - Pesticides and Toxic Substances 11-11
Program Management - General Counsel 11-12
Program Management - Research and Development 11-12
Program Management - Solid Waste and Emergency Response .... 11-13
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices 11-15
Immediate Office of the Administrator 11-18
Office of Regional Operations and State/Local Relations .... 11-19
Office of Executive Support 11-19
Administrator's Representation Fund 11-20
Office of Civil Rights 11-21
Science Advisory Board 11-22
Office of Administrative Law Judges 11-23
Office of Small and Oisadvantaged Business Utilization .... 11-23
Office of Congressional and Legislative Affairs 11-24
Office of Communications and Public Affairs 11-25
Office of Inspector General 11-27
Office of Inspector General 11-28
Office of General Counsel 11-31
Office of General Counsel 11-32
Office of IT rnational Activities 11-34
Office ot -nternational Activities 11-35
Office of Feaeral Activities 11-37
Office of Federal Activities 11-38
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation 11-41
Program Maragement - Policy, Planning and Evaluation 11-44
Integrated "nvironmental Management Program 11-45
Office of icy Analysis 11-45
Office of julatory Management and Evaluation 11-49
Office of Icllution Prevention 11-51
Pollution Prevention Program (Grants) 11-53
Office of Administration and Resources Management 11-55
Program Management-Administration 11-58
Financial Management - Headquarters . 11-59
Office of the Comptroller 11-60
Contracts and Grants Management - Headquarters 11-61
Organization and Health Services 11-62
Facilities and Management Services 11-63
Information Systems and Services 11-64
F man Resources Management 11-65
REGIO? MANAGEMENT
Ret -ial Management 11-67
..-Bource Management - Regions 11-69
Financial Management - Regions 11-69
Human Resources Management - Regions 11-70
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Contracts and Grants Management - Regions 11-71
Administrative Management - Regions 11-72
Regional Management 11-72
Regional Counsel 11-73
Planning, Evaluation and Analysis - Regions 11-74
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs 11-76
Professional Training 11-78
Nationwide Support Services 11-79
Headquarters Support Services 11-79
Regional Support Services 11-80
Automated Data Processing Support Costs 11-81
Lab Support - Research and Development 11-82
Lab Support - Air and Radiation 11-82
Lab Support - Pesticides and Toxic Substances 11-83
-------
APPROPRIATION
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Office of Inspector
General
TOTAL, Management and
Support
$387,808.2 $436,741.8 $436,624.5 $486,813.4 $50,188.9
$27,105.2 $35,737.9 $35,737.9 $36,537.9 $800.0
$20,010.4 $23,318.8 $23,318.8 $25,623.0 $2,304.2
$434,923.8 $495,798.5 $495,681.2 $548,974.3 $53,293.1
Reregistration and
Expedited Processing
$1,671.7 $3,114.1 $3,114.1
-$3,114.1
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
2,807.9 3,265.2 3,265.2 3,415.8 150.6
2,995.2 3,317.4 3,317.4 3,415.8 98.4
$395,820.2 $460,600.8 $460,491.6 $529,264.4 $68,772.8
Authorization is by virtue of the Appropriation Act.
11-1
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
Management and Support provides executive direction and policy oversight for
all Agency programs, as well as those administrative and support services that
are not assigned to a specific program. We will continue our efforts to provide
quality legal services, promote technically and economically defensible
regulatory and policy alternatives, enhance the public's perception and
understanding of the Agency's goals, manage for environmental results, and pursue
a focused human resources management effort to build a skilled career
environmental workforce.
The major components of this medium are Program Management, Agency
Management, Regional Management, and Support Costs.
Program Management includes policy development, program development and
oversight, and the associated management activities for the Agency's
environmental program offices. These include the Offices of Air and Radiation,
Water, Enforcement, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, General Counsel, Research
and Development, and Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Agency Management includes Agency-wide management functions and policy
activities.
Policy direction, through the Executive Offices at Headquarters, consists
of the Administrator and Deputy Administrator and their immediate staffs,
Regional Operations and State/Local Relations, Executive Support, Administrator's
Representation Fund, Civil Rights, Science Advisory Board, Administrative Law
Judges, Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Cooperative Environmental
Management, Congressional and Legislative Affairs, and Communications and Public
Affairs.
International Activities coordinates the international efforts of EPA
through the following components: the International Cooperation Division, the
International Issues Division, and the Program Operations Division.
Policy, Planning and Evaluation is organized into the following components:
Program Management, the Offices of Policy Analysis, the Office of Regulatory
Management and Evaluation, the Office of Pollution Prevention, and the Pollution
Prevention Program (State grants).
Legal services for litigation in which the Agency is a defendant are
provided to Agency programs by the General Counsel in Headquarters and by a
Regional Counsel in each Regional office. The Office of General Counsel (OGC)
provides legal services and advice to the Administrator and Agency managers.
OGC, in cooperation with the Department of Justice, represents the Agency in all
legal matters in which the Agency is a defendant. Additionally, OGC reviews
proposed actions, decisions, and regulations to assure that they are legally
defensible.
Inspector General activities include audits and investigations of Agency
11-2
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activities to promote economy, efficiency and effectiveness, and to prevent and
detect fraud, waste, and abuse in EPA programs and operations.
Administration and Resources Management provides management activities in
Headquarters, as well as administrative services to all program operations
located in Cincinnati, Ohio and Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The
office has several components: Program Management, Financial Management,
Comptroller, Organization and Health Services, Contracts and Grants, Facilities
and Management Services, Information Systems and Services, and Human Resources
Management .
Regional Management includes the centralized management and administrative
functions performed in each Regional office. The Regional elements cover the
Regional and Deputy Regional Administrators, their immediate staffs, and Regional
staff for public affairs, congressional and intergovernmental relations, and
civil rights. Other activities include budget development and execution,
preparation of Regional operating plans, legal services, program evaluation,
financial and personnel management, information management, administration of
Freedom of Information Requests, and facilities and property management.
Support Costs include the costs of general support services for all Agency
programs. These costs represent:
o Office and building services, such as library services, commercial
telephone use, printing and copying, utilities, security, Automated Data
Processing (ADP) technical support, and custodial and maintenance services for
programs located at Headquarters, Research Triangle Park, and Cincinnati;
o Nationwide costs, such as facility rental costs, centralized data
processing, U. S. Postal Services charges, Federal Telecommunications System
(FTS) charges, unemployment and workmen's compensation, and health and safety
costs for all Agency programs in all locations;
o Office and building services for laboratories and field stations operated
by the Office of Air and Radiation, Research and Development, and Pesticides and
Toxic Substances; and
o Common services in Regional offices, such as supplies and equipment,
commercial telephones, printing, facilities operations and maintenance, library
services, and mini -computer operations.
Priorities
Priorities for the Executive Offices in 1992 will include: developing a
strong working relationship with educational institutions at all levels to
coordinate a math and science -oriented environmental career program in
conjunction with an interagency initiative under the Federal Coordinating Council
on Science, Engineering and Technology (FCCSET) ; emphasis on enforcement and
compliance efforts for both environmental and civil rights regulations; stronger
support from Headquarters and Regions to small, minority, and wcaen's
environmental businesses; bringing greater scientific credibility to regulatory
decision-making through an emphasis on reviews by the Science Advisory Board;
more effective communication between Headquarters and the Regions; continued
clear interpretation of EPA's programs and priorities; increased Agency
11-3
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effectiveness by improving Congressional liaison; effective liaison with state
and local governments; and stronger outreach programs with the private and public
sectors and involve citizen participation.
The Office of General Counsel will provide legal advice and counsel the
Agency's top management and media program offices concerning legal interpretation
of EPA-administered statutes', other applicable laws, and on such matters as
personnel, grants, and contracts. Additionally, the Office of General Counsel
will represent the Agency in all major regulatory actions, and ensure that legal
errors are avoided and legal positions are presented in the most persuasive
manner.
The Office of International Activities will play a pivotal role in advising
the Administrator on international environmental issues and opportunities and
will exercise lead responsibility within EPA for devising strategies to advance
the United States' environmental position overseas. The Office will evaluate,
manage, and direct bilateral activities with the nations of Eastern Europe, the
developing world, the Western Hemisphere, and the industrial world and will
actively participate with multilateral organizations in developing and
implementing cooperative solutions to a host of environmental issues affecting
the planet, including global climate change, biodiversity and forestry,
international development and lending policies, and technology transfer to
developing countries.
The Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation will lead EPA's multi-media
pollution prevention efforts by encouraging and implementing prevention in
virtually all aspects of Agency operations, by supporting state programs, and by
providing incentives for industry, consumers and governments to reduce or
eliminate residuals before they become pollutants. The Office will strengthen
the Agency's economic and analytic capability, focusing on macroeconomic analyses
(such as the economic effects of environmental policies), on the economic
benefits of environmental protection, on economic analysis of new Clean Air Act
regulations and other rules, and on economic and scientific analyses relating to
global climate change policies. The Office will have lead responsibility for
important aspects of the global climate change program, working closely with the
Office of Research and Development, Air and Radiation, and International
Activities as well as with other agencies and international organizations. The
Environmental Statistics project will compile, analyze and present statistics on
environmental status and trends. Four-year risk-based strategic plans, updated
by Regions and Headquarters offices, will be evaluated and progress will be
tracked.
The Office of Inspector General (OIG) will emphasize internal and management
audits to improve the economy and efficiency of EPA programs and provide audit
coverage to EPA programs and operations which have received little or no audit
coverage in the past. The OIG will expedite audits coverage for the close-out
of wastewater treatment construction grants, expand audit coverage of EPA
contracts and other grants, and begin required audit work in support of the Chief
Financial Officers' Act. The Office will continue its investigation of the
Contract Lab Program, construction-related fraud and will aggressively pursue new
initiatives to ferret out fraud in EPA-funded contracts. The OIG will further
its efforts in fraud prevention by publicizing its activities, helping EPA
employees identify areas sensitive to fraud, and developing new fraud detection
tools and methods.
11-4
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The Office of Administration and Resources Management will assure a strong
system of financial internal controls, including work toward integration and
enhancement of all agency financial management and accounting systems; continue
developing a program for better information management planning, particularly
between EPA and the states; continue improvement in contracts and grants
administration; continue to provide a strong health and safety program; pursue
a focused human resources management effort to build a skilled career
environmental workforce; improve working conditions at the Headquarters
facilities; and provide essential administrative and support services to enhance
the Agency's ability to fulfill its various mandates.
In the Regional management areas, the Agency will continue its commitment
to strengthen Regional environmental programs and maintain strong Regional
planning and management efforts. Development of State/EPA Data Management
program to improve efficiency and reliability of methods for sharing
environmental data will receive priority attention.
In Support, the program will provide general support services to Agency
programs as well as cover cost escalations such as rent, telephone, and utility
rate increases.
Consulting Services
Management consulting services provide advisory and consulting services in
such areas as: management assistance for the design of financial systems,
regional management assistance in support of the State/EPA Data Management
program and management support of the Agency's Public-Private Partnership
initiative. Consulting services also provide scientific data through the
following types of analyses; engineering analysis, economic and financial
analysis, statistical and technical analyses, technology assessments and
environmental/energy implications of global atmospheric changes.
11-5
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management . .
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Air and Radiation
Water
Enforcement
Pesticides and Toxic Substances ....
General Counsel ......
Research and Development 11-12
Solid Waste and Emergency Response .... 11-13
11-6
11-9
11-9
11-10
11-11
11-12
-------
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST
1992
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Research & Development
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
General Counsel
Salaries & Expenses
rogram Management -
Air And Radiation
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
Water
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
$7.646.9 $5,067.8 $5,067.8 $5.187.0
$7,646.9 $5,067.8 $5,067.8 $5,187.0
$627.0
$627.0
$754.1
$754.1
$754.1
$754.1
$824.5
$824.5
$2,446.2 $2,146.4 $2.146.4 $2,115.0
$2,446.2 $2,146.4 $2,146.4 $2,115.0
$479.2
$479.2
$543.4
$543.4
$543.4
$543.4
$599.4
$599.4
$3,442.3 $3,019.1 $3,019.1 $3,000.7
$3,442.3 $3,019.'! $3,019.1 $3,000.7
$3.770.0 $3,017.0 $3,017.0 $3,279.7
$3,770.0 $3,017.0 $3,017.0 $3,279.7
$2,765.1 $2,994.7 $2,994.7 $3,184.4
$2,765.1 $2,994.7 $2,994.7 $3,184.4
$21,176.7 $17,542.5 $17,542.5 $18,190.7
TOTAL $21,176.7 $17,542.5 $17,542.5 $18,190.7
$119.2
$119.2
$70.4
$70.4
-$31.4
-$31.4
$56.0
$56.0
-$18.4
-$18.4
$262.7
$262.7
$189.7
$189.7
$648.2
$648.2
11-6
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TOTAL WORKYEARS
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT
1990 1991 ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST INCREASE +
1992 DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Research & Development
Program Management -
Enforcement
68.9 71.8 71.8 71.8
9.0 11.0 11.0 11.0
0.0
0.0
Program Management
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
Program Management
General Counsel
Program Management
Air And Radiation
Program Management
Water
32.3 28.0 28.0 28.0
9.4
10.5 10.5
10.5
42.4 44.6 44.6 44.6
52.1 45.9 45.9 45.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
37.1 42.8 42.8 42.8
0.0
TOTAL PERMANENT UORICYEARS
251.2 254.6 254.6 254.6
0.0
Program Management *
Research & Development
Program Management -
Enforcement
Program Management -
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
Program Management -
General Counsel
Program Management -
Air And Radiation
72.1
71.8 71.8
71.8
9.8 11.0 11.0 11.0
33.8 28.0 28.0 28.0
9.8 10.5 10.5 10.5
43.8 44.6 44.6 44.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
11-7
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PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
Program Management -
Water
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
TOTAL UOftKYEARS
56.1
40.9
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
45.9 45.9 45.9
42.8
42.8
42.8
266.3 254.6 254.6 254.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
11-8
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Program Management
The Agency requests a total of $18,190,700 and 254.6 total workyears for
1992, an increase of $648,200 and no workyears over 1991.
AIR AND RADIATION
1992 Program Reouest
The Agency requests a total of $3,000,700 supported by 44.6 total
workyears for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents a decrease of $18,400 from 1991. Air and
radiation program management will focus on implementation of the Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1990, the Indoor Radon Abatement Act, the Atomic Energy Act, the
Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act, and the Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act, and on development of major policies and decisions related
to these acts.
1991 Program
In 1991 the Agency is allocating a total of $3,019,100 supported by 44.6
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This program provides management support for implementation of
the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the Indoor Radon Abatement Act, the Atomic
Energy Act, the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act, and the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act. Key activities include: executive
management, strategic planning, program planning and analysis, resource
management, and budget formulation. The program also provides administrative
support to Office of Air and Radiation (OAR) components.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990 the Agency obligated $3,442,300 for this program supported by 43.8
total workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The program provided executive management, program planning and analysis, and
budget and administrative support to OAR offices.
WATER
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,279,700 supported by 45.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $262,700 from 1991 and no change
in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased
personnel and support costs.
The 1992 request supports the development of national policy and
11-9
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implementation of the national regulatory programs for the Water Quality and
Drinking Water media. Specific activities include: management of the Office of
Water operating guidance and accountability system; development of program plans
and budget for implementation of Agency policies; development of legislative
initiatives and directions; review of regulations and program policies; tracking
of budget execution; and administrative management. .
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,017,000 supported by 45.9
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This program is supporting the development of national policy and
implementation of the national regulatory programs for the Water Quality and
Drinking Water media. Specific activitie .-. include: management of the Office of
Water operating guidance and accountabili; system; development of program plans
and budget for implementation of Agency policies; development of legislative
initiatives and directions; review of regulations and program policies; tracking
of budget execution; and administrative management.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,770,000 supported by 56.1 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
program continued to focus in 1990 on the implementation of the Clean Water Act
and Safe Drinking Water \ct. Activities -uch as long-range planning and policy
analysis, budget development and execut n and administrative management were
accomplished.
ENFORCEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $824,500 supported by 11.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $70,400 and no change in workyears
from 1991.
:. 1992, this program will continue support in the areas of c all
manageE ; at, program planning, administrative and personnel operations, budgtting
and financial management, and office automation support for the Office of
Enforcement (OE) including all components (Office of Civil Enforcement, Office
of Criminal Enforce nt, Office of Federal Activities (OFA) Office of Federal
Facilities Enforcement (OFFE), and the National Enforcement Investigations Center
(NEIC)). In addition, the program will also continue to support the offices of
Regional Counsel (ORC) in a range of administrative services.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $754,100 supported by 11.0
t. .1 workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
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In 1991, resources will provide overall management support to all
components of the Office of Enforcement. Support includes program direction and
planning, personnel management, budget development and analysis, financial
management, information management, and communications. Emphasis will be placed
on the improvement of administrative management functions, information management
systems, and increased use of cost-effective automation support. Budget
formulation and execution oversight are provided to NEIC and the Criminal
Investigation Program. Workload analyses and distribution of resources for
Regional legal enforcement are provided for the offices of Regional Counsel.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $627,000 supported by 9.8 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The program provided program direction, planning and management including
basic managerial support in areas of personnel, budget, financial management,
information management, and office automation to all of the components in the
Office of Enforcement. Changes in organizational structure added new office
components including the OFA, OFFE, and ORC. Administrative and budget execution
responsibilities were expanded to provide support for these additional office
components. Oversight of budgetary functions was maintained for NEIC and the
Criminal Investigation Program. In addition, budget formulation support was
provided for Headquarters civil and criminal enforcement, OFA, OFFE, and Regional
legal enforcement.
PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,184,400 supported by 42.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $189,700 and no change in total
workyears from 1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses is the result of
increased costs for personnel and benefits.
This program will support senior level management of the Pesticides and
Toxic Substances program and the Immediate Office of the Assistant Administrator
for Pesticides and Toxic Substances, as well as funding the activities of the
Biotechnology Science Advisory Committee. Key activities include: efficient and
effective general management, strategic planning, and administrative and budget
support.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,994,700 supported by 42.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources provide senior level management of the Pesticides
and Toxic Substances programs and the Immediate Office of the Assistant
Administrator for Pesticides and Toxic Substances with support, as well as
partially funding, along with the Office of Research and Development, the
activities of the Biotechnology Science Advisory Committee.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990 the Agency obligated a total of $2,765,100 supported by 40.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources provided support for the senior level management
of the Pesticides and Toxic Substances programs and the Immediate Office of the
Assistant Administrator for Pesticides and Toxic Substances and, along with the
Office of Research and Development, funded the activities of the Biotechnology
Science Advisory Committee.
GENERAL COUNSEL
1992 Pr^1 Request
The Agency requests a total of $599,400 supported by 10.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $56,000 and no change in total
workyears from 1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased
personnel and support costs.
The request will support planning, budgeting, financial management,
management analysis, and administrative services to the Office of General
Counsel.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $543,400 supported by 10.5
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
The program provides for planning, budgeting, financial management,
management analysis, and administrative services to the Office of General
Counsel .
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $479,200 supported by 9.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation .
Activities focused on providing planning, analytical support, budgeting,
financial management, and administrative services to the Office of General
Counsel .
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,187,000 supported by 71.8 total
workyears, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation.
This represents an increase from 1991 of $119,200 to fund the Federal workforce
needed to implement the President's program in 1992. Additional resources will
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be used for travel to monitor extramural research programs and contracts. These
resources will alleviate the inability of ORD laboratories to conduct on-site
inspections.
This research program will provide policy guidance, direction, and support
to ORD's programs to ensure the effective coordination of diverse research
programs and administrative management services. These activities include:
coordination of research program planning and budgeting; monitoring of operating
year budget execution; coordination of research activities and administrative
support services required at the co-located laboratories in Cincinnati, Ohio and
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; liaison to EPA Regions, OMB, Congress,
and other Federal agencies; operation and enhancement of ORD's information
systems to support research program planning and management accountability, and
performance of other program management activities (e.g., facilities planning and
management, and management and evaluation studies required for ORD).
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,067,800 supported by 71.8
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation.
Program Management will continue to coordinate and integrate the entire research
and development effort of the Agency, ensuring that the needs identified by
Regional and Program offices will be met. Resources were reduced in 1991 due to
the expense base shift from S&E to R&D.
1990 Accomplishments
The Agency obligated $7,646,900 supported by 72.1 total workyears for this
research program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation.
These resources are provided for the overall direction, policy guidance,
management analyses, liaison activities, program planning and budgeting, ORD's
information systems, and general administrative support.
SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,115,000 supported by 28.0 total
workyears, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $31,400 from 1991.
This request will allow the Agency to continue to maintain an effective
administrative and programmatic management team within the Office of Solid Waste
and Emergency Response (OSWER). These resources will provide for the full array
of policy, regulatory development, and analysis activities; public liaison
functions; resource management; information management; and other essential
support activities for OSWER programs.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,146,400 supported by 28.0
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This level of resources provides for a wide range of support from the OSWER
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management team to the Regions, the program offices, and the Agency. OSWER
program management activities include the review of policy recommendations and
proposed regulations; integration of both program and funds control; information
management; property management; and administrative support.
1990 Accomplishments •
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $2,446,200 supported by 33.8 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. OSWER
program management integrated hazardous waste and Superfund activities; managed
the review of policy recommendations and proposed regulations; maintained
effective management controls; and provided personnel, financial, administrative,
and information management support to the program offices.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices 11-15
Immediate Office of the Administrator 11-18
Office of Regional Operations and State/Local Relations .... 11-19
Office of Executive Support 11-19
Administrator's Representation Fund 11-20
Office of Civil Rights 11-21
Science Advisory Board 11-22
Office of Administrative Law Judges 11-23
Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization .... 11-23
Office of Congressional and Legislative Affairs 11-24
Office of Communications and Public Affairs 11-25
Office of Inspector General 11-27
Office of Inspector General 11-28
Office of General Counsel 11-31
Office of General Counsel 11-32
Office of International Activities 11-34
Office of International Activities 11-35
Office of Federal Activities 11-37
Office of Federal Activities 11-38
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation 11-41
Program Management - Policy, Planning and Evaluation 11-44
Integrated Environmental Management Program 11-45
Office of Policy Analysis 11-45
Office of Regulatory Management and Evaluation 11-49
Office of Pollution Prevention 11-51
Pollution Prevention Program (Grants) 11-53
Office of Administration and Resources Management 11-55
Program Management-Administration 11-58
Financial Management - Headquarters 11-59
Office of the Comptroller 11-60
Contracts and Grants Management - Headquarters 11-61
Organization and Health Services 11-62
Facilities and Management Services 11-63
Information Systems and Services 11-64
Human Resources Management 11-65
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Office of Small &
Disadvantages) Business
Utilization
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$658.3 $636.5 $636.5 $723.1 $86.6
$100.0
TOTAL $758.3 $636.5 $636.5 $773.1 $86.6
Office Of Congressional
and Legislative Affairs
Salaries & Expenses
$2,493.0 $2,613.1 $2,613.1 $2,941.1 $328.0
TOTAL $2,493.0 $2,613.1 $2,613.1 $2,941.1 $328.0
Office of
Communications and
Public Affairs
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$3,681.1 $4,879.8 $4,879.8 $5,859.8 $980.0
$7,000.0 $7,000.0
TOTAL $3,681.1 $4,879.8 $4,879.8 $12,859.8 $7,980.0
Office Of Executive
Support
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Regional
Operations and State
Local Relations
Salaries & Expenses
$1,421.6 $1,688.0 $1,688.0 $2,102.7
TOTAL $1,421.6 $1,688.0 $1,688.0 $2,102.7
$1.313.2 $1,335.8 $1,335.8 $1,521.1
TOTAL $1,313.2 $1,335.8 $1,335.8 $1,521.1
Immediate Office Of The
Administrator
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$3,233.7 $2,696.9 $2,696.9 $3,256.8
$350.0
TOTAL $3,583.7 $2,696.9 $2,696.9 $3,256.8
Administrator's
Representation Fund
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$2.6
$2.6
$5.0
$5.0
$5.0
$5.0
$6.0
$6.0
Office of Civil Rights
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$1,657.7 $1,633.8 $1,633.8 $1,836.7
$1,657.7 $1,633.8 $1,633.8 $1,836.7
$414.7
$414.7
$185.3
$185.3
$559.9
$559.9
$1.0
$1.0
$202.9
$202.9
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Science Advisory Board
Salaries & Expenses 51,677.5 $1,701.8 $1,701.8 $1,878.3 $176.5
TOTAL $1,677.5 $1,701.8 $1,701.8 $1,878.3 $176.5
Office of
Administrative Law
Judges
Salaries t Expenses $1,001.1 $1,294.5 $1,294.5 $1,520.0 $225.5
TOTAL $1.001.1 $1,294.5 $1,294.5 $1,520.0 $225.5
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $17,139.8 $18,485.2 $18.485.2 $21,645.6 $3,160.4
Abatement Control and $450.0 $7,000.0 $7,000.0
Compliance
Agency Management TOTAL $17,589.8 $18,485.2 $18,485.2 $28,645.6 $10,160.4
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Office of Small & 8.1 6.9 6.9 6.9 0.0
Disadvantage*! Business
Utilization
Office Of Congressional 40.4 48.8 48.8 48.8 0.0
and Legislative Affairs
Office of 48.3 63.5 63.5 68.5 5.0
Comnunications and
Public Affairs
Office Of Executive 25.5 30.4 30.4 31.4 1.0
Support
Office of Regional 16.5 20.6 20.6 20.6 0.0
Operations and State
Local Relations
Immediate Office Of The 35.9 45.0 45.0 45.0 0.0
Administrator
Office of Civil Rights 21.4 24.8 24.8 24.8 0.0
Science Advisory Board 14.6 25.4 25.4 25.4 0.0
Office of 15.5 18.7 18.7 19.7 1.0
Administrative Law
Judges
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS 226.2 284.1 284.1 291.1 7.0
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ACTUAL
1990
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive
ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Office of Small ft
Disadvantage*! Business
Utilization
Office Of Congressional
and Legislative Affairs
Office of
Communications and
Public Affairs
Office Of Executive
Support
Office of Regional
Operations and State
Local Relations
I immediate Office Of The
kAdministrator
Office of Civil Rights
Science Advisory Board
Office of
Administrative Law
Judges
TOTAL WORKYEARS
8.1
42.9
52.3
27.2
18.5
38.6
6.9
48.8
63.5
30.4
20.6
45.0
6.9
48.8
63.5
30.4
20.6
45.0
6.9
48.8
68.5
31.4
20.6
45.0
0.0
0.0
5.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
22.8
19.8
15.5
24.8
25.4
18.7
24.8
25.4
18.7
24.8
25.4
19.7
0.0
0.0
1.0
245.7 284.1 284.1 291.1
7.0
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $28,645,600 supported by 291.1 total
workyears in 1992. This represents an increase of $10,160,400 and 7.0 total
workyears from 1991. Of the request, $21,645,600 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $7,000,000 will be for the Abatement, Control, and
Compliance appropriation. This represents an increase of $3,160,400 in the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and an increase of $7,000,000 in the
Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
IMMEDIATE OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,256,800 and 45.0 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $559,900 and no change in total workyears from 1991.
The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased personnel and support
costs. The Office is responsible for Agency policy and direction, and for
setting environmental goals. The resource increase will allow the Judicial
Officer function to accommodate the expanding number of requests sent to the
Judicial Officer for final decision. Since 1983, this function has seen its
caseload increase by 440%.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,696,900 supported by 45.0
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The major priorities in the Immediate Office are: increased
emphasis on enforcement and compliance efforts to ensure better internal
management, improved international leadership, continued delegations to State and
local governments, on-going support of enhanced science as a basis for decision-
making, and use of improved methodologies for managing risk.
Congressional Directives. A total of $25,000 from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and 0.5 total workyears Is for the Congressionally directed project
to coordinate Agency lead research and abatement activities and report a
comprehensive lead strategy.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,583,700 supported by 38.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,233,700 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $350,000 was from the Abatement, Control, and
Compliance appropriation. The major focus of activity was enforcement and
compliance efforts to ensure better international management, to meet the
increased number of requests sent to the Judicial Officer function for final
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decision and improve international leadership in new and emerging global air and
water pollution issues.
OFFICE OF REGIONAL OPERATIONS AND STATE/LOCAL RELATIONS
1992 Program Request .
The Agency requests a total of $1,521,100 supported by 20.6 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $185,300 and no change in total
workyears from 1991. The Office will continue to ensure that the Administrator's
policies are effectively communicated to the Regional Administrators; that the
Administrator is alerted to potential Regional problems and concerns; that the
Administrator is assisted in managing significant Regional issues; and that the
basic management needs of the Environmental Services Divisions are addressed.
The Office will also continue its implementation of leadership and guidance
activities to support community relations efforts throughout the Agency, to
maintain Agency liaison with state and local officials while increasing
activities to enhance technology transfer capabilities and ensure emphasis on
Federalism,and support Native American efforts.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,335,800 and 20.6 total
workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
Office provides a key communications link between the Administrator and the ten
Regional offices, plays an active part in Regional budget issues, implements
Agency guidance in community relations activities to provide maximum tribal,
state and local involvement in EPA's decisions, and provides guidance for, and
oversight of, the ten Environmental Services Divisions.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,313,200 and 18.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office ensured that the Administrator's policies were effectively
communicated to the Regional Administrators, that the Regions were included in
the policy-making and decision-making processes, and that the Administrator was
kept informed of Regional concerns and issues. The Office also initiated regular
dialogue on environmental issues with local government organizations. In
addition, the Office carried out its responsibility as the Headquarters focal
point for the Agency's Environmental Services Divisions.
OFFICE OF EXECUTIVE SUPPORT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,102,700 supported by 31.4 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $414,700 and 1.0 total workyears
from 1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased personnel
and support costs. The additional resources will be used for the Freedom of
Information (FOI) function to process the ever increasing volume of FOIA
requests. The number of FOIA requests received has increased by over 181% over
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the last five years. Responsibilities include routing, logging and tracking FOIA
requests; and a more active role for the Agency-wide FOI Coordinator with
responsibilities including FOI policy development, oversight and monitoring
compliance of FOI Act and Regulations, developing and coordinating Agency FOI
policies, and guidance and training for the Agency FOI staff. The Office will
also continue to develop resource determinations in support of various staff
office functions, ongoing personnel, financial, and administrative management
functions, staff office automation support, and to process and monitor
Congressional Correspondence and Executive Correspondence.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,688,000 and 30.A total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The Office monitors resource expenditures; develops the outyear
budget for the staff offices; and provides centralized personnel management
support services, automated resources support, and assistance to staff offices
with recruitment, staffing, and property control. The Office continues to
prepare a yearly report to Congress on the cost to the Agency and to the public
of administering the Freedom of Information Act, provides policy and program
oversight on the Freedom of Information Act, and manages and tracks executive and
Congressional correspondence.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,421,600 and 27.2 total workyears
for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office completed monthly financial and operating plan reports, developed the
outyear budget for the staff offices, and conducted workload analyses for
Regional Management. In addition, it provided assistance and staffing plan
development, program management services, and resource and computer planning
studies for the Administrator's staff offices. The Office logged, controlled and
monitored all Freedom of Information requests, Congressional correspondence, and
correspondence addressed to the Administrator and the Deputy Administrator.
ADMINISTRATOR'S REPRESENTATION FUND
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,000 for this program, all of which will
be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an increase of
$1,000 from 1991. This increase will provide the Administrator the resources
necessary to meet the expanding requirements for official receptions and meetings
for visiting dignitaries.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,000 to this program, all of
which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds are to cover
the expenses of official receptions and other functions.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990 the Agency obligated a total of $2,600 for this function from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This amount covered the expenses of
official receptions and other functions.
OFFICE OF CIVIL RIGHTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,836,700 supported by 24.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $202,900 and no change in total
workyears from 1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased
personnel and support costs. The Office will continue to carry out national
equal employment opportunity monitoring, compliance, and enforcement programs,
manage the Agency's affirmative employment and recruitment programs, its special
emphasis programs, the discrimination complaints program, and the Historically
Black Colleges and Universities program. The Office of Civil Rights will also
continue to provide technical guidance and direction to the Agency's civil rights
efforts; provide policy guidance. Emphasis will continue on reducing the average
processing time of discrimination complaints to comply with regulatory limits;
increasing policy monitoring and support for Regional Civil Rights Offices, as
well as for the Headquarters Office of Civil Rights; providing continuous
monitoring of affirmative action plan implementation; expanding and improving the
Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) counseling program to resolve complaints
through informal conciliation; strengthening and improving the special emphasis
programs by conducting seminars and workshops for special emphasis employees and
Agency managers; increasing quantity and quality of EEO reviews and studies; and
improving the implementation of the Agency regulations regarding non-
discrimination in Federally assisted programs. Emphasis also will be placed on
reducing severe under representation of minority and women employees, especially
at the executive and supervisory levels.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,633,800 and 1 " total
workyears for this Office, all of which is from the Salaries anc .;pen.es
appropriation. These resources enable the Office of Civil Rights to continue to
provide technical guidance and direction for the Agency's Civil Rights efforts.
The Office is strengthening and improving the special emphasis programs by
conducting seminars and workshops for special emphasis employees anc agency
managers, is responsible for initiating and supporting employee participation in
programs established to advance career opportunities for secretarial and clerical
employees and women in science and engineering, and continues to conduct EEO
reviews and studies and provide management support and quality control through
on-site program evaluations. The Office continues to implement the Agency's
regulations regarding non-discrimination in Federally-assisted programs with
emphasis placed on reducing the average processing time for complaints of
discrimination in compliance with the regulatory limit and to provide increased
management support and quality control through on-site evaluations.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,657,700 supported by 22.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The Office of Civil Rights carried out national equal employment
opportunity monitoring and enforcement programs; managed the Agency's affirmative
action program, special emphasis programs and the discrimination complaints
program; implemented regulations and programs requiring EPA grant recipients to
adhere to the civil rights laws and labor standard requirements of applicable
Federal statutes; and served as the Agency's focal point for the Historically
Black Colleges and Universities program. Specifically, the Office evaluated
activities required to carry out the Agency's responsibilities to assure equal
opportunity and to prohibit discrimination in employment at EPA; ensured
implementation of the Agency's Special Emphasis Programs (Federal Women's,
Hispanic Employment and Black Employment Programs); implemented and monitored the
Agency's Affirmative Action Plans to remedy underrepresentation in the workforce;
and assured compliance by Agency grantees and contractors with provisions of
civil rights laws and labor standards requirements of applicable Federal
statutes.
SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,878,300 supported by 25.4 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $176,500 and no change in total
workyears from 1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased
personnel and support costs. In 1992, approximately 70 regulatory issues will
be identified for the Science Advisory Board (SAB) to review, an increase of 15
reviews from 1991.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,701,800 supported by 25.4
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The Science Advisory Board is providing expert, independent
advice to the Administrator and the Agency on 55 scientific and technical issues
before the Agency.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,677,500 supported by 19.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The SAB was involved in 60 reviews during 1990. Included among
these reviews were issues relating to hazardous air pollutants, toxic substances,
drinking water, municipal waste combustion, radiological protection, radon,
Superfund science, risk assessment and ecology.
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OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES (ALJ)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,520,000 supported by 19.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $225,500 and 1.0 total workyear
from 1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased personnel
and support costs and the additional resources to support the ALJ's expanding
caseload including those cases involved with reauthorization of the Clean Air Act
and 460 new TSCA cases related to the Asbestos Hazardous Emergency Response Act.
These cases are the result of noncompliance with asbestos regulations by school
districts.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,294,500 supported by 18.7
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The Office expects to receive approximately 1043 cases from EPA
Regional offices in 1991. Of this total, approximately 140 cases are expected
to be under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), 400 cases under
the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), and 175 cases under the Federal
Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). In addition, this Office
will handle approximately 328 cases originating at Headquarters, including
suspensions; cancellations; Sec. 3(c)(l)(D) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide
and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA); Clean Air Act cases; and Emergency Planning and
Community Right to Know Act cases.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990 the Agency obligated a total of $1,001,100 and 15.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This Office maintained a docket of 818 cases. Of these cases, 200 were under
RCRA; 306 were under TSCA; and 145 cases were under FIFRA.
OFFICE OF SMALL AND DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS UTILIZATION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $723,100 supported by 6.9 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $86,600 and no change in total workyears from
1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased personnel and
support costs. The Office will continue to provide technical assistance to both
Headquarters and Regional program office personnel to ensure that small, minority
and women's businesses are receiving a "fair share" of procurement dollars under
EPA's Financial Assistance Program. In addition, the ombudsman will respond to
approximately 14,000 inquiries from small firms on regulatory matters and will
provide advice on the many new regulations that will bring about the desired
level of voluntary compliance by several thousand small businesses.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $636,500 supported by 6.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
11-23
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appropriation. Emphasis continues on handling additional "Hotline" calls,
implementing a Small Business Ombudsman Strategy, creating business regulatory
outreach demonstration projects, and promoting Minority Business Enterprise and
Women's Business Enterprise participation in the Agency's financial assistance
programs to comply with Executive Order 12432. In addition, the Office will
monitor and provide advice on the many new regulations that will bring
about the desired level of. voluntary compliance by several thousand sma/1
businesses.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $758,300 supported by 8.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $658,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $100,000 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. The Office coordinated activities with EFA's procurement and
financial assistance programs by providing training and technical assistance;
provided assistance toward increasing the level of Minority Business Enterprise/
Women's Business Enterprise (MBE/WBE) participation in EPA-assisted programs;
provided technical and managerial assistance to Headquarters and Regional staff
assigned to socio-economic program activities, and counseled minority and women's
businesses in compliance with Executive Order 12432.
OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,941,100 supported by 48.8 total workyears
for 1992, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $328,000 and no change in total workyears from 1991.
The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased personnel and support
costs. The budget request will enable the Office to provide effective day-to-day
liaison with the Congress and will insure that member and committee requests are
handled in a timely manner. Increased legislative activity is expected due to
reauthorization of several major environmental statutes including the Toxic
Substances Control Act, the Clean Water Act, Superfund, and the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act. The Office will continue to manage the
Legislative Reference Library.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,613,100 supported by 48.8
total workyears for this Office, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The Office will continue to provide effective day-to-day liaison
with Congress as it examines legislation relating to environmental issues, and
will prepare Agency reports and recommendations on pending and enacted
legislation including draft legislative proposals extending the appropriations
required for EPA's major statutory authorities. The Office also manages the
Legislative Reference Library which provides comprehensive legislative research
services, with computerized tracking systems, to the Agency, Congress and
external organizations. The Office will continue to ensure that testimony, draft
legislation, and analyses and reports on pending and proposed legislation will
be developed and provided to OMB and the Congress in a timely fashion and
consistent with Agency and Administration policies.
11-24
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $2,493,000 supported by 42.9 total
workyears for this Office, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
ap -opriation. The Office of Congressional Liaison was responsible for all day-
to-day legislative and Congressional contacts, including more than 375 briefings
of members and/or staff, involvement in approximately 400 hearings, coordinati6n
of numerous meeting:, courtesy calls, specific Committee investigative
information requests and casework generated by Congress. The Office also
developed testimony and related material for 165 legislative hearings, reviewed
and responded to 145 bills referred to the Agency from OMB and Congressional
committees, 400 draft le& .slative reports proposed by other agencies, 130 hearing
follow-up questions and answers and 172 statements or testimony of other
agencies.
OFFICE OF COMMUNICATIONS AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,859,800 supported by 68.5 total workyears
for 1992, of which $5,859,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $7,000,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of $980,000 and 5.0 total workyears from 1991 in the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and an increase of $7,000,000 in the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The increase in Salaries and
Expenses reflects increased personnel and support costs and the additional
resources associated with environmental education. The increase in the
Abatement, Cont al and Compliance appropriation will support new initiatives
needed to implement the recet Ly passed National Environmental Educational Act.
Additionally, $500,000 will ,.z allocated to fund the Council of Environmental
Quality awards program which is included in the National Environmental Education
Act. Irtreases fr- the Environmental Education Act will support, in part, grant
assist to enc. rage promising environmental education activities, educational
intern, ps and fe lowships, and an environmental education and training program.
In 1992, the Office of Communications and Public Affairs will continue to inform,
educate, and involve the public with the issues before the Agency; lead the
country's environmental education efforts; and promote an understanding of the
Agency's mission and the Administrator's goals and objectives. The Office has
the primary responsibility to efficiently and effectively administer continuous
dialogue with public and private interest organizations so they may be actively
involved in the development and implementation of prudent public policy.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,879,800 supported by 63.5
total workyears for this Office, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. In addition to working with the news media and providing
informational materials for the general public, the Office continues to
emphasize: (1) improving coordination within the Agency on communication
activities related to major Agency actions, and (2) strengthening long range
planning of public information activities in coordination with major EPA program
offices and the Regional offices.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,681,200 supported by 52.3 total
vorkyears for this Office, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. In addition to the general activities of informing the news media
and providing information material to the public, the Office improved
communications coordination within the Agency as it related to major Agency
actions, and strengthened long range planning of public information activities
in coordination with major EPA program offices and Regional offices.
11-26
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Inspector General
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Office of Inspector
General
Office of Inspector $20,010.4 $20,876.8 $20,876.8 $23,148.0 $2,271.2
General
TOTAL $20,010.4 $20,876.8 $20,876.8 $23,148.0 $2,271.2
TOTAL:
Office of Inspector $20,010.4 $20,876.8 $20,876.8 $23,148.0 $2,271.2
General
Agency Management TOTAL $20,010.4 $20,876.8 $20,876.8 $23.148.0 $2,271.2
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Office of Inspector 223.2 262.1 262.1 266.0 3.9
General
OTAL PERMANENT WORICYEARS 223.2 262.1 262.1 266.0 3.9
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Office of Inspector 226.2 262.1 262.1 266.0 3.9
General
TOTAL WORKYEARS 226.2 262.1 262.1 266.0 3.9
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of the Inspector General
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $41,200,000 supported by 366.3 total
workyears for 1992, an increase of $4,200,000 and 15.9 total workyears from 1991
for the Office of the Inspector General Appropriation. Of this amount,
$14,954,000 is to be derived from the Hazardous Substance Superfund and $623,000
from the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks trust funds to support activities
related to these funds. Included in this amount is $3,263,000 for support costs
that are displayed in the Office of Administration and Resources Management
accounts.
For the Agency Management portion of the appropriation, the Agency requests
a total of $23,148,000 supported by 266.0 total workyears for 1992, an increase
of $2,271,200 and 3.9 total workyears from 1991. All of this request will be for
the Inspector General appropriation to ensure management integrity of the
Agency's programs and operations.
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $23,148,000 supported by 266.0 total
workyears, all of which will be for the Management portion of the Office of
Inspector General (OIG) appropriation. This represents an increase of $2,271,200
and 3.9 total workyears from 1991. We will use this increase in resources to (1)
expand and provide more effective management of the contract audit program,
including development and maintenance of in-house contract audit expertise, and
conduct needed audits of highly sensitive contract issues, and (2) provide
technical assistance and audit of the Agency's consolidated financial statements
as required by the Chief Financial Officers Act.
We will continue: conducting audits of the Agency's growing and complex,
yet vulnerable computer systems, used to make critical environmental decisions;
conducting audits to close out construction grants; investigative efforts to
reduce the risk of fraud and abuse in Agency procurement, construction grant, and
other programs; and supporting the Agency personnel security program and
legislative requirements of the Inspector General Act Amendments.
The resources requested will also be used by the Office of Inspector
General to continue conducting performance (internal and management) audits to
improve the economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of EPA programs and to provide
and expand audit coverage to EPA programs and operations for ensuring that
maximum pollution prevention is achieved with existing Agency program resources
and ensuring financial and management integrity throughout the Agency. The OIG
11-28
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will emphasize reviewing programs aimed at achieving environmental results and
strong enforcement of environmental laws with an emphasis on (1) indoor and
ambient air quality, (2) pesticides and toxic substances, (3) hazardous waste
disposal, (4) wetlands, (5) water quality (surface, drinking water and
groundwater), and will begin new initiatives in pesticides and estuaries. The
DIG will continue its program of external audits of grants and contracts whj.ch
in 1990 resulted in nearly $45 of questioned costs for each audit dollar spent
and conduct audits of the State Revolving Funds. The DIG will provide additional
support of the Agency's needs for indirect cost proposal, preaward, interim, and
final audits of contracts through increased funding of an interagency agreement
with the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA), contracting with CPA firms, and
development of in-house audit expertise.
The DIG will also increase investigations of procurement fraud, continue
our high impact investigations of antitrust activities and other construction-
related fraud and will aggressively pursue new initiatives, including the use of
substandard materials by architectural and engineering firms and conspiracies to
defraud by contract laboratories. By focusing our fraud efforts in vulnerable
areas and taking more proactive initiatives, the DIG expects to obtain greater
results, including more indictments, convictions, and monetary recoveries. The
DIG will continue its efforts in fraud prevention by publicizing DIG activities,
instructing EPA employees to identify areas sensitive to fraud, and by developing
new fraud detection tools and methods.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $20,876,800 supported by 262.1
total workyears, all of which is from the Management portion of the Office of
Inspector General appropriation. The Office of Inspector General is continuing
to perform performance based audits needed to help improve the economy,
efficiency, and effectiveness of the Agency's overall program operations.
Primary emphasis is on reviewing programs or areas in which insufficient audit
resources have been devoted. For example, this would include reviewing programs
aimed at achieving environmental results and ensuring strong enforcement
including air and water quality, hazardous waste disposal, pesticides and toxic
substances, and research and development. The OIG has initiated a long term
comprehensive audit approach to address several broad-range issues that are
beyond the scope of any single audit. Initially, the OIG will address contract
and financial management issues. Such reviews assist Agency managers in
identifying and correcting major systemic problems which in turn strengthen
environmental programs. These reviews help the Agency meet its mission while
ensuring that limited resources are used more efficiently and effectively. The
OIG will also follow up on findings and recommendations from previous audits to
determine whether corrective actions agreed on were taken and improvements made.
Additionally, the OIG will begin performing necessary preparatory work in support
of the Chief Financial Officers Act.
The OIG investigative resources are devoted to conducting criminal
investigations relating to EPA programs and operations. Major investigations
cover bid rigging, conspiracy and other fraud in EPA-funded construction
activities; procurement fraud; false claims; fraud and misconduct concerning EPA
employees; and administrative investigations of improprieties involving EPA
programs and personnel. New initiatives have been aggressively started to
identify fraud by contract laboratories and contractors and use of substandard
11-29
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materials in construction projects. Efforts are continuing to encourage the use
of the OIG hotline to uncover instances of suspected fraud, waste, and
mismanagement. Under the fraud prevention program, the DIG is providing
technical and audit assistance to the Agency by assessing the adequacy of
internal controls as required by the Federal Managers ' Financial Integrity Act:
of 1982.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $20,010,400 supported by 226.1
total workyears , all of which was from the Management portion of the Office of
Inspector General appropriation and includes support costs for the Office of
Administration and Resources Management. The Office of Inspector General issued
1,928 audit reports with questioned costs and recommended efficiencies of
$452,400,000. Overall, $192,200,000 of questioned costs and recommended
efficiencies were sustained by Agency management. During the year, the Agency
obtained $56,800,000 of actual cash recoveries as a result of audit efforts. An
expanded performance audit program was implemented and 51 percent of the direct
audit resources were devoted to examining many critical areas needing audit.
Performance audits provided recommendations for improving the effectiveness,
efficiency, and results of EPA program operations. Investigative activities
focusing on major civil and criminal violations resulted in 17 indictments and
13 convictions of persons or firms, 23 administrative actions taken against EPA
employees, and the recovery of $3,805,579 in judgments, fines and restitution.
The OIG also acted to suspend, debar, or restrict 140 dishonest or unresponsive
persons and firms from doing business with the Federal government.
Key improvements resulting from OIG audits included: (1) prompt issuance
of a banned pesticide strategy requiring monitoring and inspection of storage
locations; (2) strengthening the controls for use and payment of overtime; (3)
more effective protection of the Southeast's vulnerable wetlands; (4) increased
effort to protect the public, especially school children, against lead in
drinking water. We also found that needed corrective action identified in
previous audits of the Chesapeake Bay Program was not adequate, effective, or
timely. The OIG opened 242 new investigations and closed 251 investigations,
obtaining 30 indictments or convictions. Significant results were achieved in
investigations of hazardous waste cleanup fraud, and bribery in the inspection
of asbestos removal, false statements in the construction grant, contract
services, and other programs, and the submission of fraudulent documentation
involving emissions testing of foreign vehicles. The OIG also continued a fraud
prevention and detection awareness program for EPA managers to encourage and
improve their recognition and reporting of possible fraud and abuse.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE TRUST FUND - OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL
The request for this program element can be found in Management and Support
section of the Superfund media.
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS TRUST FUND - OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL
The request for this program element can be found in Management and Support
section of the L.U.S.T. media.
11-30
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the General Counsel
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Office Of General
Counsel
Salaries I Expenses $6,390.5 $10,368.1 $10,368.1 $12,178.6 $1,810.5
Registration and $46.5 $71.6 $71.6 -$71.6
Expedited Processing
TOTAL $8,437.0 $10,439.7 $10,439.7 $12,178.6 $1,738.9
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $8,390.5 $10,368.1 $10,368.1 $12,178.6 $1,810.5
Reregistrati on and $46.5 $71.6 $71.6 -$71.6
Expedited Processing
Agency Management TOTAL $8,437.0 $10,439.7 $10,439.7 $12,178.6 $1,738.9
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Office Of General 110.2 148.4 148.4 163.4 15.0
Counsel
OTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS 110.2 148.4 148.4 163.4 15.0
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Office Of General 119.2 148.4 148.4 163.4 15.0
Counsel
TOTAL UORKYEARS 119.2 148.4 148.4 163.4 15.0
11-31
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of General Counsel
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,178,600 supported by 163.4 total
workyears for 1992, an increase of $1,810,500 from 1991. All of the requested
funds will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an
increase of 15.0 total workyears from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
no change in total workyears from the Reregistration and Expedited Processing
Revolving Fund.
GENERAL COUNSEL
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,178,600 supported by 163.4 workyears for
this program. All of the requested funds will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. Total workyears will include 162.4 from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and 1.0 will be from the Reregistration and Expedited Processing
Revolving Fund. This represents an increase of $1,810,500 in the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation, an increase of 15.0 total workyears from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and no change in total Reregistration and Expedited
Processing Revolving Fund workyears from 1991. The increase in Salaries and
Expenses will provide for additional attorney staff and for increased costs of
office support and personnel.
The Office of General Counsel (OGC) will provide legal advice and counsel
to Agency management and media program offices concerning legal interpretation
of EPA administered statutes, other applicable laws, regulations and
administrative areas such as personnel, grants, contracts, and access by the
public to EPA held information. The OGC will handle litigation in which EPA is
a defendant. Legal support and review will be provided for all major regulatory
actions, policy documents, and guidelines to ensure that legal error is avoided.
OGC's requested increase of 15.0 total workyears will be devoted to a broad range
of areas including support to the Clean Air Act, international matters, and to
the financial and management integrity of the Agency's programs. This increase
will build additional capacity within the OGC to fulfill its mission of providing
legal services to all organizational elements of the Agency for all Agency
programs and activities.
Five total workyears will be added to assist the Agency in its efforts to
ensure the financial and management integrity of its programs, especially with
respect to contracts management ethics, and conflicts of interest claims. Nine
total workyears will be devoted from the increase to the implementation of
anticipated major amendments to the Clean Air Act, particularly for ozone and
carbon monoxide attainment, mobile source rulemakings, hazardous air pollutants,
permit issues, and acid deposition controls.
11-32
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OGC will support reregistration activities related to the 1988 FIFRA
Amendments, particular to Phase IV and Phase V of the reregistration process to
support the Agency in any litigation against it and to assist in making
precedential legal and policy decisions on the first pesticides that go through
the process.
•
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $10,439,700 supported by 148.4
total workyears for this program. Of these funds, $10,368,100 are from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $71,600 are from the Reregistration and
Expedited Processing Revolving Fund. Total workyears include 147.4 from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and 1.0 from the Reregistration and Expedited
Processing Revolving Fund. The 1991 program provides continued support to Agency
program priorities through legal advice and assistance, handling defensive
litigation, review of Agency rulemaking actions, participating in selected
administrative proceedings, and assisting in international negotiations.
OGC will support reregistration activities related to the 1988 FIFRA
Amendments through assistance to the establishment of the basic regulatory
framework for reregistration, and handling litigation which may result from new
requirements such as health and environmental testing under Part 158 and Data
Call-In requests that will be enforced by suspension orders.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $8,437,000 supported by 119.2
total workyears. Of these funds, $8,390,500 were from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $46,500 were from the Reregistration and Expedited Processing
Revolving Fund. Total workyears included 118.6 from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and 0.6 from the Reregistration and Expedited Processing Revolving
Fund. In 1990, the OGC supported priorities by providing legal advice and
support to Agency managers and by defending the Agency in litigation filed
against it. OGC also reviewed regulatory actions to ensure legal defensibility
and provided advice on other actions, such as grants, contracts, personnel
matters, and international activities.
OGC supported reregistration activities related to the 1988 FIFRA
Amendments by assisting in developing the broad structure of the reregistration
program, including the initial fee collection system, the data requirements, and
the lists of active ingredients for reregistration.
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of International Activities
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Office of International
Activities
Salaries & Expenses $4,068.5 $3,773.5 S3,773.5 $4,900.8 $1,127.3
Abatement Control and $1,109.7 $1,699.9 $1,699.9 $1,249.9 -$450.0
Compliance
TOTAL $5,178.2 $5,473.4 $5,473.4 $6,150.7 $677.3
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $4,068.5 $3,773.5 $3,773.5 $4,900.8 $1,127.3
Abatement Control and $1,109.7 $1,699.9 $1,699.9 $1,249.9 -$450.0
Compliance
Agency Management TOTAL $5,178.2 $5,473.4 $5,473.4 $6,150.7 $677.3
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of International 43.8 52.0 52.0 61.0 9.0
Activities
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 43.8 52.0 52.0 61.0 9.0
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Office of International 47.2 52.0 52.0 61.0 9.0
Activities
TOTAL WORKYEARS 47.2 52.0 52.0 61.0 9.0
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of International Activities
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,150,700 supported by 61.0 total workyears
for 1992, an increase of $677,300 and 9.0 total workyears from 1991. Of the
request, $4,900,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and
$1,249,900 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This
represents an increase of $1,127,300 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and a decrease of $450,000 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,150,700 supported by 61.0 workyears for
this program, of which $4,900,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,249,900 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $1,127,300 for Salaries and
Expenses, a decrease of $450,000 for Abatement, Control and Compliance and an
increase of 9.0 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
the Agency's commitment to reinforcing U.S. leadership in the international
environmental arena by strengthening its presence in multilateral agencies,
achieving a greater focus to its bilateral programs, augmenting its presence in
Eastern Europe, and establishing an Agency-wide initiative on environmental
protection of the Caribbean area. The decrease in the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation reflects the elimination of one-year Congressional add-
on funds.
In 1992, the Office of International Activities will strengthen its impact
on the environmental agenda of key multilateral organizations by influencing
decisions on sustainable development, by facilitating the international transfer
of appropriate technology, and by promoting consideration of environmental
factors by multilateral development banks. In addition, the Office will leverage
the resources of EPA and other government agencies by helping assert U.S.
leadership at the UN Conference on the Environment and Development, to be held
in Brazil in 1992, which will shape much of the international environmental
agenda into the next century.
The Office of International Activities will target bilateral programs in
specific Latin American, European, African, and Asian countries to provide
greater focus on critical environmental issues including efficient energy use,
pollution prevention, and forestry. The Office will also augment its presence
in Eastern Europe by capitalizing on EPA's current environmental experience in
this region. To underscore EPA's themes of international leadership and
pollution prevention, the Office will lead a cross-media Agency-wide initiative
11-35
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entitled Environmental Program Activities for the Caribbean (EPAC) which will
promote regional environmental cooperation in the countries of the Wider
Caribbean. The Office will also be called to play a role as Secretariat to the
new Environment for the Americas Board in supervising debt-for-nature
transactions under the Enterprise for the Americas initiative.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,473,400 supported by 52.0
total workyears for this program, of which $3,773,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,699,900 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. In addition to devising EPA's international strategy
for the environment, the Office is participating in negotiations on the Framework
Convention on Climate Change; developing a World Forest Declaration; developing
an initiative on trade and the environment; establishing a technology transfer
clearinghouse (ENVIRONET), an outgrowth of the recommendations of the
International Environmental Technology Transfer Advisory Board (IETTAB); and
developing integrated environmental training and information packages. In the
bilateral area, the Office is developing a US-Mexico Border Area Environmental
Strategic Plan, increasing program outreach in Eastern Europe, developing debt-
f or-environment projects in Latin America, concluding the Acid Rain Accord with
Canada, revising and expanding the US-Soviet program, and increasing cooperation
with the European Community.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $5,178,200 and 47.2 total
workyears for this program, of which $4,068,500 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,109,700 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. In its first full year of operation as a newly
expanded organization, the Office launched the Regional Environmental Center in
Budapest, helped develop the U.S. position on mineral development in Antarctica,
provided significant interagency coordination of reports in the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change Process which will prove crucial to negotiations on the
Framework Climate Convention, collaborated with Commerce's Committee for the
Mobilization of US Exports, signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Peace
Corps, and set up a formal collaborative mechanism between OIA and AID.
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Federal Activities
ACTUAL . ENACTED
1990 1991
CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Office of Federal
Activities
Salaries & Expenses $2.191.0 $2,132.1 $2,132.1 $2,319.4
TOTAL S2.191.0 $2,132.1 $2,132.1 $2,319.4
$187.3
$187.3
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $2,191.0 $2,132.1 $2,132.1 $2,319.4 $187.3
Agency Management TOTAL $2,191.0 $2,132.1 $2,132.1 $2,319.4 $187.3
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of Federal
Activities
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
30.5
30.5
30.7
30.7
30.7
30.7
31.7
31.7
1.0
1.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of Federal
Activities
TOTAL WORKYEARS
33.3 30.7 30.7 31.7 1.0
33.3 30.7 30.7 31.7 1.0
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of Federal Activities
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,319,400 supported by 31.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $187,300 and 1.0 total workyear
from 1991. The increase will be used to implement multimedia grants for Indians
and integrate program and Regional office efforts to develop the capacity of
Indian Tribal governments to develop and implement environmental protection
programs for Indian lands. The Salaries and Expenses increase will fund the
Federal workforce needed to implement the President's program in FY 1992.
In 1992, the Office of Federal Activities will:
o review major Federal actions significantly affecting the environment, as
required by Section 309 of the Clean Air Act and National Environmental
Policy Act (NEPA);
o identify potential problems and work to ensure incorporation of needed
environmental improvements in these reviews;
o work to ensure that EPA programs and activities comply with NEPA and other
cross cutting Federal environmental statutes;
o develop policy and coordinate EPA programs for assisting Indian tribes in
developing environmental programs;
o ensure states implement an effective environmental review program to
support the State Revolving Fund for wastewater treatment construction;
o oversee environmental policy Memoranda of Understanding (MOU) with other
Federal agencies to provide a mechanism for cooperating and resolving
conflicts;
o manage the official filing activity for all Federal Environmental Impact
Statements in accordance with a Memorandum of Agreement with the Council
of Environmental Quality; and
o provide limited technical assistance to international environmental impact
assessment program development and projec-. reviews.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,132,100 and 30.7 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The Office of Federal Activities will conduct the above
activities with particular emphasis on:
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o prevention of significant air and water degradation from proposed major
Federal projects, particularly land management and transportation projects
impacting sensitive resource areas;
o ensuring the Agency's NEPA documents and equivalent assessments contain
sound environmental analyses which are useful in the decision process;
o ensuring States implement effective environmental review program to
support the State Revolving Fund for wastewater treatment construction;
o compliance of the Agency's programs with other applicable statutes;
o coordination of the Agency's Indian activities to develop the capacity of
Indian Tribal governments to develop and implement environmental
protection programs for Indian lands to include developing the protocol
for an environmental survey of Indian lands;
o coordination with the Agency for International Development (AID), multi-
lateral development banks and other relevant entities to support the
development of an environmental program infrastructure in developing
countries;
o liaison activities, such as managing EPA's umbrella MOUs with US
Geographical Survey, Forest Service, Tennessee Valley Authority, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other Federal agencies; and
o supporting efforts to assure EPA actions comply with the Endangered
Species Act, the National Historic Preservation Act, and Executive Orders
on floodplain and wetland protection and preservation of agricultural
lands.
As a result of the Office of Enforcement's reorganization to improve
communication between EPA and other Federal agencies in the area of Federal
Facility compliance with environmental laws, new program elements are established
in 1991 (Federal Facilities Enforcement). In 1991, 4.5 total workyears are
transferred from the Office of Federal Activities to establish a separate program
element for the Office of Federal Facilities Enforcement.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $2,191,000 and 33.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The office focused its activity on: ensuring that EPA programs
conform with NEPA and other cross-cutting Federal environmental statutes;
directing reviewing other Federal actions for potential environmental impact;
analyzing EPA policies associated with other Federal agencies; overseeing the
implementation of EPA Indian policy; providing support for international
environmental impact activities; and operating the Federal Environmental Impact
Statement filing effort. The program expanded its involvement in a number of
international issues: development of a convention on transboundary environmental
impact assessment (EIA), drafting a proposed US annex on EIA procedures for
Antarctica, and providing assistance to a number of requests regarding EIA from
other countries and international organizations. The Agency's Indian program was
strengthened by the completion of a memorandum of understanding between EPA, the
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Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Indian Health Services, and the Department of
Housing and Urban Development and by the sponsorship of regular interagency
meetings. The Federal Facilities program developed an improved OMB Circular A-
106 review process and issued a review package on "Conducting Environmental
Audits at Federal Facilities" to ensure Federal agencies are funding all
environmental regulatory compliance requirements.
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
Salaries & Expenses
Integrated
Environmental
Management Program
Salaries & Expenses
$1,024.3 $1,152.5 $1,152.5 $1,383.6 $231.3
TOTAL $1.024.3 $1.152.5 $1.152.5 $1,383.8 $231.3
$1,886.8 0.0
TOTAL $1,886.8 0.0
Office of Policy
Analysis
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$7,180.8 $9,328.9 $9,328.9 $9,062.3 -$266.6
$11,287.4 $11,874.1 $11,874.1 $16,090.1 $4,216.0
TOTAL $18,468.2 $21,203.0 $21,203.0 $25,152.4 $3,949.4
^Office of Regulatory
lanagement and
Evaluation
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Office of Pollution
Prevention
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Pollution Prevention
State Grants
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$4,576.0 $7,473.7 $7,473.7 $7,448.0 -$25.7
$1,248.9 $515.0 $515.0 $2,811.3 $2,296.3
TOTAL $5,824.9 $7,988.7 $7,988.7 $10,259.3 $2,270.6
$3,287.4 $6,271.4 $6,271.4 $6,171.3 -$100.1
$822.9 $1,500.0 $1,500.0 $2,437.7 $937.7
TOTAL $4,110.3 $7,771.4 $7,771.4 $8,609.0 $837.6
$1,088.4 0.0
$6,737.5 $7,000.0 $7,000.0 $3.000.0 -$4,000.0
TOTAL $7,825.9 $7,000.0 $7,000.0 $3,000.0 -$4,000.0
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Agency Management
$19,043.7 $24,226.5 $24,226.5 $24,065.4 -$161.1
$20,096.7 $20,889.1 $20,889.1 $24,339.1 $3,450.0
TOTAL $39,140.4 $45.115.6 $45,115.6 $48,404.5 $3,288.9
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
Integrated
Environmental
Management Program
Office of Policy
Analysis
Office of Regulatory
Management and
Evaluation
Office of Pollution
Prevention
Pollution Prevention
State Grants
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
H.I 17.8 17.8 18.8 1.0
13.0 0.0
65.3 84.3 84.3 91.3 7.0
56.3 74.1 74.1 90.1 16.0
47.2 68.6 68.6 71.6 3.0
16.3 0.0
212.2 244.8 244.8 271.8 27.0
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE *
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
TOTAL UORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
Integrated
Environmental
Management Program
Office of Policy
Analysis
Office of Regulatory
Management and
Evaluation
Office of Pollution
Prevention
vPollution Prevention
State Grants
TOTAL UORKYEARS
16.7 18.8 18.8 18.8
15.4
69.0 87.3 87.3 91.3
58.5 81.1 81.1 90.1
49.8 70.6 70.6 71.6
17.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
9.0
1.0
0.0
226.4 257.8 257.8 271.8 14.0
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $48,404,500 supported by 271.8 total
workyears for 1992, an increase of $3,288,900 and an increase of 14 total
workyears from 1991. Of the request, $24,065,400 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $24,339,100 will be for the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. This represents a decrease of $161,100 in the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation, and an increase of $3,450,000 in the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - POLICY. PLANNING AND EVALUATION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,383,800 supported by 18.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $231,300 from 1991. The increase
results from increased personnel and support costs.
This request will provide the Assistant Administrator (AA) with sufficient
staff and resources for the policy direction, special analyses, human resources
initiatives, and budgetary and administrative support necessary to manage OPPE
and its component offices efficiently and effectively. It will enable the AA to
lead various Agency program integration initiatives, including pollution
prevention, statutory reforms, regulatory "clusters" and cross-media permits for
industrial facilities. It will allow the AA to respond to inquiries on OPPE
issues from Congress and the Office of Management and Budget as well as from the
Regions, states, local governments and the public. It will also enable the
Agency to prepare appropriate responses to General Accounting Office evaluations
of EPA programs.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,152,500 supported by 18.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This program is providing overall policy direction and leadership
in the integration of environmental protection activities, and is conducting
activities necessary to manage the component offices of OPPE.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,024,300 supported by 16.7 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These funds provided policy direction and supported the basic
budgetary, administrative, analytic and planning activities necessary to manage
OPPE.
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INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM (TEMPI
1992 Program Request
See Office of Pollution Prevention (OPP) and Office of Regulatory
Management and Evaluation (QRME).
1991 Program
See Office of Pollution Prevention (OPP) and Office of Regulatory
Management and Evaluation (ORME).
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,886,800 supported by 15.4 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
IEMP built upon and improved risk assessment knowledge and methods to
complete comparative risk analyses in seven additional Regions and two states.
All ten EPA Regions have now completed comparative risk projects. Two additional
state projects, in Louisiana and Vermont, reached their midpoint to completion.
Three Regions used their comparative risk analyses to develop multi-media and
within media risk-based environmental management strategies for reducing human
health and ecological risks. These "pilot" strategic plans are serving as models
for the other seven Regions. The IEMP supported establishment of an annual
negotiation process between Regions and national program managers for improved
targeting of resources to achieve greater risk reduction. Technical assistance
was provided to several states and localities. The IEMP continued to assist an
Indian tribe in adapting a Geographic Information System for use in targeting
limited environmental protection resources. Information on using comparative
risk analysis to target resources was distributed to private and government
organizations and to individuals in all fifty states and several foreign
countries.
lEMP's science policy staff worked with the Office of Research and
Development to successfully develop a method for estimating the severity and
extent of selected dioxin exposures among native American populations. It helped
prepare eco-risk guidelines and produced a preliminary analysis of threats to
biodiversity in North America. It also initiated development of a strategic
response to the habitat loss and degradation threats identified by the Science
Advisory Board and began development of ecosystem restoration criteria, focusing
on wetlands. Other products included a management framework for assessing
cumulative environmental impacts, a report on sustainable development, and a
comparative analysis of available methods for characterizing risk assessment
uncertainties.
OFFICE OF POLICY A. :'SIS (OPA)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $25,152,400 and 91.3 total workyears for
this program, of which $9,062,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
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appropriation and $16,090,100 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents a decrease of $266,600 and an increase of
$4,216,000 respectively, and an increase of 4.0 total workyears from 1991. The
decrease in Salaries and Expenses results from the transfer of some extramural
resources to the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. However, the
intramural portion of Salaries and Expenses increases to fund the additional
workyears for the Clean Air Act (CAA) and economic and analytical activities as
well as the increased personnel and support costs. The Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation increase also reflects enhanced support for CAA and
climate change activities and for strengthened economic and analytical capability
and development of regulatory "clusters."
In 1992, OPA will analyze EPA's highest priority regulatory actions and
non-regulatory initiatives, particularly issues identified as posing high risks
to health, environment and public welfare, and will support the OPPE commitment
to strengthen the Agency's economic and analytical capability. 1992 will be a
crucial year for the development of rules, guidance and studies central to the
new CAA. The potentially large costs of the CAA provisions make careful analysis
of economic impacts essential for EPA's implementation of the Act. OPA's
analysis will focus on regulations to reduce urban smog, air toxics and acid
rain. OPA will design alternative schemes for implementing the auction
provisions in the new CAA acid rain section, and focus on integrating pollution
prevention in CAA implementation. OPA will work with state public utility
commissions on incorporating environmental concerns in utility rate designs and
demand side management programs.
Working closely with other EPA offices, OPA's global climate change program
will have a strong interagency focus, will position the Agency to evaluate all
policy options, and will provide stimulus to expand international understanding
and involvement in response strategy issues. It will focus on integrating
climate policies with economic growth objectives and on providing leadership for
international agreements. Economic research on global climate change will
consume $3,200,000 from the base. In support of sound U.S. policy demonstrating
cost-effective options, OPA will (1) continue its lead role in supporting climate
convention negotiations and analysis, (2) expand analyses of domestic energy
options to meet the requirements of a possible international agreement and to
support implementation of the National Energy Strategy in an environmentally
sound manner, (3) quantify economic impacts associated with climate changes, and
(4) provide support to the State Department on technical, financial, and
institutional issues. OPA will also analyze possible protocols likely to be
associated with a global climate convention, expand existing work with other
Federal agencies, and assess energy efficient technologies, renewables, and other
technological and financial options, especially in eastern Europe and less-
developed countries. Other activities will include outreach, data gathering and
technical analyses to show the implications of alternative mitigation strategies
and analysis of forestry to support an initial international forest agreement by
summer 1992. OPA will continue to analyze the potential domestic and global
impacts of climate change on agriculture, forests, water resources, wetlands, sea
level rise, and human health.
OPA will assist in implementing clean water and ground water protection
strategies, in legislative initiatives that improve EPA's authorities to protect
water resources, and in review of major regulations pertaining to drinking water,
effluent guidelines, pretreatment, water quality standards, National Pollution
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Discharge Elimination System, and sludge management. OPA's hazardous and non-
hazardous waste efforts will be directed toward effective management of the risks
covered in Subtitle C and D including the definition of hazardous wastes, large
volume wastes, and corrective action. OPA will promote effective policies for
siting waste facilities, help set permitting priorities based on environmental
significance, and characterize the risks of disposal practices. It also wj.ll
provide important support -for Title III activities. OPA will reduce its
technical review and analysis of Office of Toxic Substances (OTS) regulations and
policies under development, although it will still oversee OTS development of
strategies for chemicals of concern (e.g. asbestos, dioxin, lead). Analysis of
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act registration and Special
Review decisions will continue in order to determine their cost-effectiveness and
compatibility with the risk-benefit balancing requirements of the Act.
OPA will continue to improve integration of policies related to
agriculture, land and wildlife management, and the environment through review of
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Department of Interior, and Food and Drug
Administration regulations, and through analysis of the implementation of the
1990 Food Security Act revisions. OPA will further analyze options for
implementing the Agency's approach to nitrarss, and will staff EPA's Agricultural
Policy Committee. Analytic support for EPA review of other agencies'
environmental impact assessments will continue. In addition, OPA will integrate
energy and environmental issues by working with the Department of Energy (DOE)
and other interested parties.
OPA will improve its capabilities to design and implement economic
incentives for environmentally sound practices. OPA will evaluate and design
tradeable permit schemes, and other market-based mechanisms to more efficiently
address environmental concerns in all EPA program areas. Cost, risk, and cross-
media considerations will be used as the basis for identifying appropriate
applications for the use of incentive approaches. Before developing or advancing
any application, OPA will ensure that sufficient analysis has been carried out
to confirm that the problem warrants regulatory intervention and that it is best
addressed by an incentive approach. In addition, OPA will work on EPA's
regulatory "cluster" initiative, designed to help shift the focus of c r
regulatory development process from producing individual rules to developing moia
integrated strategies for addressing environmental problems. The project will
"cluster" regulations and policies around environmental problem areas defi* ' by
sectors (e.g. pulp and paper), by contaminants (e.g. lead), by environt zai
resources (e.g. ground water), or by geographic areas.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $21,203,000 supported vv 87.3
total workyears for this program, of which $9,328,900 is from the Salat s and
Expenses appropriation and $11,874,100 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
OPA is responsible for coordinating the Agency's activities on global
climate change and direct ng its policy program, working closely with the Offices
of Research and Development, Air and Radiation, and International Activities.
It is concentrating on developing policy options for mitigating and adapting to
climate change. OPA is supporting impact analyses, adaptive strategies and
outreach in the United States; conducting five major international impact
11-4'
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studies; analyzing the impacts of energy taxes on the environment; and assessing
domestic and international energy, forestry, and agriculture options for limiting
emissions. The program is also supporting the development of a framework global
climate convention and the President's initiative for a separate international
forest agreement.
In air policy, OPA is focusing on CAA implementation, with special emphasis
on air toxics, acid rain and nonattainment. OPA is undertaking a major effort
to assist DOE in implementing a National Energy Strategy. In water policy, OPA
is analyzing possible amendments to the Clean Water Act and assisting in the
analysis and implementation of the EPA Ground-Water Strategy and water
conservation policies. OPA is developing and implementing cooperative programs
aimed at protecting and restoring ecological values with the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service and other parts of Interior. It is working with USDA to develop
implementation procedures for the 1990 Farm Bill, including Low Input Sustainable
Agriculture practices, and other pollution prevention measures for agriculture.
OPA will continue its hazardous waste (RCRA) regulatory review function,
particularly for precedent setting rules with cost effectiveness issues. For
RCRA reauthorization, OPA is playing a major role in analyzing industrial waste
pollution prevention, potential economic incentives, and comparative risks on
Subtitle D. OPA is providing policy review of pesticides usage, with emphasis
on quality and use of food residue data, cost/risk analyses of pesticides and
risk substitutes, and implementation of the Pesticides in Ground-Water Strategy.
OPA also is supporting more effective risk management in the toxics program and
developing viable economic incentive alternatives to command and control
regulation for toxic substances. OPA is examining economic incentive approaches
to EPA programs through permit trading, credit systems, fees and other
instruments, as well as working on regulatory "clusters."
Congressional Directives. A total of $4,950,000 is for the Congressionally
directed global climate change policy studies ($4,750,000) and a national water
quality study by the National Academy of Sciences ($200,000).
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $18,468,200 supported by 69.0
total workyears for this program, of which $7,180,800 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $11,287,400 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
OPA worked closely with Agency program offices and interagency groups on
global climate change issues. It supported the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change's Energy and Industry Subgroup, and the Agriculture, Forestry and
Other Systems Subgroups, through workshops on tropical forestry, agriculture
emissions, studies of developing emissions, and through preparation (with the
Netherlands) of an expert report on greenhouse gas emissions. OPA published
interim results on international studies of climate change impacts on
agriculture, forestry, sea level rise, and water resources. It supported the
development of the "America the Beautiful" proposal as well as the International
Forest Agreement. It also prepared analyses of a. comprehensive greenhouse gas
strategy for the U.S.
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OPA analyzed proposed CAA amendments, implementation of the State Clean
Water Strategy, the EPA Ground-Water Strategy, oceans initiatives, coordination
of water and hazardous waste policies, RCRA reauthorization, Subtitle C, Subtitle
D, and corrective action programs. OPA continued to perform economic analyses
with emphasis on the use of benefit/cost evaluations in state water quality
reports, and on impacts of EPA regulations on different sectors of the economy.
OPA worked to improve integration of agricultural and environmental policies
through the review regulations and legislative proposal developed by the Food and
Drug Administration, USDA and Interior. OPA also helped USDA to implement
aspects of the Conservation Reserve Program. OPA provided important background
analysis to support the development of an Agency-wide regulatory strategy for
lead. OPA also analyzed the feasibility of applying economic incentives to the
Agency's programs and began work on regulatory "clusters."
OFFICE OF REGULATORY MANAGEMENT AND EVALUATION (ORME)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,259,300 supported by 90.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $7,448,000 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,811,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. This represents a decrease of $25,700 and an increase
of $2,296,300 respectively, and an increase of 9.0 total workyears from 1991.
The decrease in Salaries and Expenses results from the transfer of some
extramural resources to the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
However, the intramural portion of Salaries and Expenses increases to fund
additional workyears for the Environmental Statistics Project (ESP), economic
analysis, and for increased personnel and support costs. The increase in
Abatement, Control and Compliance also reflects enhanced support for the
Environmental Statistics Project and the strengthening of OPPE's economic
analysis capability.
ORME will manage EPA's regulation development and analysis process,
updating it in response to changing priorities, and address the concept of
regulatory "clusters." It will provide consultative services to workgroups
through the Regulatory Coordinators Project, assisting in the elevation and
resolution of issues early in the process to enhance rule development. ORME will
set up an electronic reporting system to support banking and trading of S02
allowances under the acid rain program and support the Title V permits program.
It will work with states to establish a uniform approach for electronic reporting
of hazardous waste manifest and biennial report data to improve implementation
of the state-delegated hazardous waste program. This will also promote data
integration at EPA by using electronic reporting for mapping EPA forms/data
structures into the ASCX.12 data element dictionary.
Program evaluation staff will analyze and recommend improvements to EPA
programs' effectiveness and provide suggestions for improving coordination of
activities with states and Regions. Science policy staff will work on ecological
issues, especially those related to critical and threatened habitats, on li~ 'ages
between economics and the environment, and on improved health risk assessments,
primarily for selected, at risk minority groups, including children.
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Enhanced economic analysis efforts will focus on providing guidance to the
Agency on the preparation and use of cost-benefit information for regulation
development as well as conducting special studies in the areas of cost-benefit
analysis, economic incentives, environmental accounting, international trade
impacts, state and local finance, and ecosystem valuation. ORME will expand its
benefits assessment projects to include initiatives by the Office of Solid Waste
and Emergency Response, the'Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, and it
will undertake additional analysis to support the design of incentive strategies
for cost-effective pollution control and prevention.
ORME's statistical efforts will emphasize data quality. This office will
take the lead in developing statistical methods to improve the quality of Agency
products, present courses and workshops for non-statisticians, and provide
technical support to program offices, Regions and the Environmental Statistics
Project (ESP). An expanded ESP will help improve environmental data by analyzing
existing information, developing assessments of environmental conditions, and
consulting with other Federal agencies to help fill data gaps and improve the
efficiency of data collection programs. Staff will work closely with other
Federal agencies to coordinate ESP efforts and priorities. They will ensure that
the Agency stays abreast of environmental statistics efforts in other countries
and new technique in order to provide leadership to the international effort to
assess the environment. The ESP will near completion of its State of the
Environment Report, scheduled for publication before the end of calendar year
1992.
1991 Program
In 1991 the Agency is allocating a total of $7,988,700 supported by 81.1
total workyears for this program, of which $7,473,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $515,000 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
ORME administers the Agency's internal regulation development and analysis
process, ensuring compliance of regulatory and policy documents with all
applicable requirements. ORME is implementing the procedure designed in 1990
to ensure consideration of pollution prevention opportunities as a routine step
in the regulation development process, and continues to ensure Agency compliance
with the amended Paperwork Reduction Act. The ESP is focused on publication of
a national environmental statistics report in 1992. ORME is completing work on
Environmental Investments: the Cost of a Clean Environment, a report to Congress
mandated by the Clean Air and Water Acts. ORME is providing objective,
independent analysis in policy-related areas, investigating the costs of
environmental protection and the benefits of Agency policy and programs, and
analyzing uncertainty in risk assessment. ORME also provides courses in risk
communication and statistics. It is playing a more aggressive role in initiating
and conducting program evaluations, and is following up to encourage
implementation of its recommendations.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $5,824,900 supported by 58.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $4,576,000 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,248,900 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
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ORME administered and directed the Agency's internal regulation development
and analysis process, began work to ensure consideration of pollution prevention
opportunities as a routine step in the process, and provided its regulation
development course for an ever-increasing audience. ORME developed new guidance
to further ensure Agency compliance with the amended Paperwork Reduction Act.
ORME also actively promoted use of consultation and consensual activities, in
issue resolution, decisionmaking and negotiation, and coordinated with the Office
of Air and Radiation to include consensus processes and regulatory negotiations
in planning for new Clean Air Act regulations.
Work on the ESP included publication of the "Guide to Key Environmental
Statistics in the U.S. Government," and initiation of data acquisition and
development of a mockup of the State of the Environment Report. ORME played a
significant role in developing the Science Advisory Board report, Reducing Risk:
Setting Priorities and Strategies for Environmental Protection, which recommends
that the Agency target its efforts on the basis of opportunities for the greatest
risk reduction. Economic research and analysis efforts emphasized environmental
accounting, analysis of the benefits affected by regulations, the effects of
introducing economic incentives to encourage pollution prevention measures, and
evaluation of the ability of local governments to pay the costs of compliance
with environmental requirements. ORME held the 6th Annual Conference on
Statistics, offered "Statistics for Managers" through the EPA Institute, and
provided statistical consultation to program offices.
OFFICE OF POLLUTION PREVENTION (OPP)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,609,000 supported by 71.6 workyears for
this program, of which $6,171,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,437,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents a decrease of $100,100 and an increase of
$937,700 respectively, and an increase of 1.0 total workyears from 1991. The
decrease in Salaries and Expenses reflects the transfer of some extramural
resources to the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation with a
subsequent increase there. However, the intramural portion of Salaries and
Expenses increases to support an additional workyear for pollution prevention,
and increased personnel and support costs.
OPP will continue to advance two major Agency initiatives: pollution
prevention and strategic planning. In 1992, the Agency will proceed with
development and implementation of the national pollution prevention program,
including implementation of its responsibilities under the Pollution Prevention
Act of 1990. Implementation will be guided by the Agency strategies that are
un- - development in 1991. The activities will include outreach to business and
th ablic, coordination within the Agency, with Federal agencies and state
governments, and analytical work. Outreach will involve work with industry to
identify the benefits of pollution prevention, and education and information for
the public to use as consumers. Coordination will involve use of the Agency's
existing authorities, both regulatory and non-regulatory, to promote pollution
prevention. The analytical work will involve assessment of progress, analysis
of the economic benefits of pollution prevention, and analysis of barriers to and
incentives for pollution prevention.
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OPP will manage the Agency-wide strategic planning process for 1994-1997.
It will work with the Office of the Comptroller to assure that the plans are.
reflected in the 1994 budget formulation process. OPP will manage and refine the
Strategic Targeted Activities for Results System (STARS), the Action Tracking
System (ATS), and work to integrate program and budget databases. Measures of
activities accomplished will be complemented with measures of environmental
results, thereby enabling programs' effectiveness to be evaluated by comparing
program outputs with environmental improvement indicators. Staff will work with.
program office managers to develop appropriate indicators so that STARS can
analyze and report on environmental trends. In addition, work with the Regions
will continue to assure that the capability to make risk-based decisions is
developed in the Regions and states. OPP will also make sure that Regional
comparative risk studies and strategic plans are fully reflected in program
budgets, which reflects an increasing focus on the role of states in EPA planning
and management decisions.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,771,400 supported by 70.6
total workyears, of which $6,271,400 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and $1,500,000 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The Agency is developing and implementing elements of a national pollution
prevention program, including its responsibilities under the Pollution Prevention
Act of 1990, which involves EPA, other Federal agencies, industries, and the
American public. To accomplish this, OPP is implementing a pollution prevention
strategy that focuses on pollution from industrial point sources. The Office is
developing analytical tools that can be used by both the Federal government and
the private sector to identify the economic benefits of pollution prevention.
To mobilize EPA activity, the Office is preparing a strategy that articulates how
the Agency's strategic planning process and other management systems will be
utilized to promote pollution prevention. Further, the Office is developing a
process that assures full and explicit consideration of pollution prevention
opportunities in the Agency's development of regulations. To mobilize actions
outside the Agency, the Office continues to implement an aggressive outreach
program that involves business and industry, citizen and consumer organizations,
and all levels of government in promoting the nation's pollution prevention
efforts. Finally, the Office, working with other Federal agencies, is developing
a program for promoting pollution prevention by providing information to the
public on the environmental implications of consumer products.
OPP is implementing the Administrator's four-year strategic planning
process. At the national level, OPP is working with the Agency's media offices
to refine their strategic plans by better articulating truly environmental
program goals, formulating strategies that address the serious environmental
risks managed by those programs, and developing indicators of progress toward
program environmental goals. The Office is working with the Agency's support
offices to develop strategic plans that complement the efforts of media office
programs. The Office supports the efforts of EPA's Regional offices to refine
and implement strategic plans based on individual comparative risk assessments
completed by each of the ten Regions over the past several years. OPP also
supports STARS and ATS to monitor progress of programs toward completion of their
important statutory and programmatic objectives.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated $4,110,300 supported by 49.8 total workyears,
of which $3,287,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$$822,900 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
OPP advanced the Administrator's strategic planning and budgeting process
in several ways. The Office worked with headquarters media offices to develop
more refined strategic plans, including ways to measure progress toward
environmental goals with appropriate indicators. It completed development of an
overall process for involving support and Regional offices in long-range planning
and budgeting. It managed the annual planning and budgeting cycle, in
cooperation with the Agency's Comptroller, to assure that long-range strategic
planning decisions were incorporated into the Agency's annual budget request.
The Office also managed STARS and ATS to monitor the Agency's progress toward the
completion of its statutory and programmatic objectives. In addition, OPP
conducted investigations and analyses at the request of clients within the
Agency: the RCRA Implementation Study, Effluent Guidelines Development Study,
and Evaluation of the Hazardous Waste Ombudsman Program.
POLLUTION PREVENTION PROGRAM fPPP) GRANTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,000,000 for this program, all of which
will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents
a decrease of $4,000,000 from 1991 due to the one-time cost associated with the
1991 Congressional add-on for pollution prevention grants.
In 1992, these resources will fund approximately 14 new pollution
prevention demonstration programs. These demonstration programs will provide
innovative pollution prevention applications for specific industries, geographic
environments, or pollutants that are transferrable to states, localities and the
private sector. Awards will be made on the basis of a competitive process to
assure that dollars are distributed to the most promising and most effective
pollution prevention efforts. OPP will also fund evaluations of these grants,
a conference to promote the results, as well as information dissemination
activities for states, localities, and other entities.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,000,000 for this program,
all of which is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These
resources are funding approximately 32 new pollution prevention demonstration
programs. The demonstration programs provide innovative pollution prevention
applications for specific industries, geographic environments, or pollutants that
are transferrable to states and localities. Awards are being made on the basis
of a competitive process to assure that dollars are distributed to the most
promising and most effective pollution prevention efforts. OPP is also funding
evaluations of these grants, a conference to display the results, as well as
information dissemination activities for states, localities and other entities.
Congressional Directives. A total of $4,000,000 is for the Congressionally
directed grants for additional pollution prevention projects.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $7,825,900 supported by 17.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,088,400 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $6,737,500 was from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. OpP's pollution prevention program worked to develop
the internal capacity to meet three major goals: (1) providing sound industrial,
economic, and environmental data and analysis to support decisions favoring
pollution prevention by both public and private decisionmakers; (2) coordinating
Agency activity to promote effective pollution prevention efforts by EPA media,
support, and Regional offices; and (3) implementing an aggressive outreach
program consisting of information, assistance, and coordination to promotion
pollution prevention activities by industry, all levels of government, and the
American public.
In 1990, the Agency largely completed work on the general Agency pollution
prevention strategy. Other Agency products included expansion of the national
clearinghouse for pollution prevention, and a hotline for information about
technologies, substitutions, and documentation of approaches that are known to
be effective. OPP focused its efforts on state programs by issuing grants to
support multi-state institutions that promoted training, information exchange,
and coordination among states for pollution prevention. The program evaluated
state pollution prevention legislation to develop a better understanding of state
authorities and to identify opportunities for better coordination between state
authorities, and Federal government activities. It also funded 26 pollution
prevention demonstration projects through a competitive grants process. The
grants supported innovative pollution prevention and recycling efforts , outreach
through guidance and literature development, and demonstration projects with key
industries.
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resource Management
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Administration
Salaries & Expenses
Registration and
Expedited Processing
Financial Management
Headquarters
Salaries & Expenses
Reregistration and
Expedited Processing
$2,146.6 $1.561.4 $1,561.3 $1,608.0
$28.5 $28.5
TOTAL $2,146.6 $1,589.9 $1,589.8 $1,608.0
$7,929.1 $9,284.3 $9,284.1 $9,778.1
$16.6 $150.0 $150.0
TOTAL $7,945.7 $9,434.3 $9,434.1 $9,778.1
Office of the
Comptroller
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control ;nd
Compliance
Reregistration and
Expedited Processing
$5,808.7 $7,216.5 $7,226.2 $7,661.8
$257.6 $2,349.4 $2,349.4 $2,349.4
$29.1 $60.0 $60.0
TOTAL $6,095.4 $9,625.9 $9,635.6 $10,011.2
Office of Human
Resources Management
Salaries & Expenses
Reregistration and
Expedited Processing
$9,095.0 $9,366.3 $9,366.1 $10,089.8
$75.4 $180.0 $180.0
TOTAL $9,170.4 $9,546.3 $9,546.1 $10,089.8
Organization and Health
Services
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Contracts and Grants
Management
Salaries & Expenses
Reregistration arc.
Expedited Processing
$2,720.3 $3,320.6 $3,320.6 $3,507.4
$2.720.3 $3,320.6 $3,320.6 $3,507.4
$12.544.7 $13,295.3 $13,295.1 $14,102.3
$34.0 $257.4 $257.4
TOTAL $12,578.7 $13,552.7 $13,552.5 $14,102.3
Facilities
Management and Services
Salaries & Expenses
Reregistration and
Expedited Processing
$8,496.1 $8,261.2 $8,260.9 $8,926.0
$83.2 $163.6 $163.6
TOTAL $8,579.3 $8,424.8 $8,424.5 $8,926.0
$46.7
-$28.5
$18.2
$494.0
-$150.0
$344.0
$435.6
0.0
-$60.0
$375.6
$723.7
-$180.0
$543.7
$186.8
$186.8
$807.2
-$257.4
$549.8
$665.1
-$163.6
$501.5
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resource Management
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Information Systems &
Services
Salaries & Expenses $10,718.5 $11,804.4 $11,794.3 $12,462.7 $668.4
Abatement Control and $699.5 $1,099.5 $1,099.5 $1,599.5 $500.0
Compliance
Reregistration and $32.1 $30.5 $30.5 -$30.5
Expedited Processing
TOTAL $11,450.1 $12,934.4 $12,924.3 $14,062.2 $1,137.9
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $59,459.0 $64,110.0 $64,108.6 $68,136.1 $4,027.5
Abatement Control and $957.1 $3,448.9 $3,448.9 $3,948.9 $500.0
Compliance
Reregistration and $270.4 $870.0 $870.0 -$870.0
Expedited Processing
Agency Management TOTAL $60,686.5 $68,428.9 $68,427.5 $72,085.0 $3,657.5
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Program Management - 22.7 22.4 22.4 22.4 0.0
Administration
Financial Management 125.9 136.0 136.0 137.0 1.0
Headquarters
Office of the 79.1 86.4 95.4 100.9 5.5
Comptroller
Office of Human 158.9 181.4 181.4 183.4 2.0
Resources Management
Organization and Health 40.9 50.5 50.5 50.5 0.0
Services
Contracts and Grants 223.0 254.9 249.9 252.9 3.0
Management
Facilities 174.9 180.7 180.7 183.7 3.0
Management and Services
Information Systems t 157.2 182.4 178.4 182.4 4.0
Services
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 982.6 1,094.7 1,094.7 1,113.2 18.5
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resource Management
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Administration
Financial Management
Headquarters
Office of the
Comptroller
Office of Hunan
Resources Management
Organization and Health
Services
Contracts and Grants
Management
Facilities
Management and Services
(information Systems &
Services
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
28.5 22.4 22.4 22.4 0.0
130.4 136.0 136.0 137.0 1.0
82.2 86.4 95.4 100.9 5.5
170.1 181.4 181.4 183.4 2.0
44.0 50.5 50.5 50.5 0.0
229.6 254.9 249.9 252.9 3.0
183.4 180.7 180.7 183.7 3.0
164.6 182.4 178.4 182.4 4.0
1,032.8 1.094.7 1,094.7 1,113.2 18.5
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of Administration and Resources Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $72,085,000 and 1,113.2 total workyears for
1992, an increase of $4,527,500 and 18.5 total workyears from 1991. Of the
request, $68,136,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and
$3,948,900 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance Appropriation. This
represents an increase of $4,027,500 in S&E and an increase of $500,000 in AC&C.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - ADMINISTRATION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,608,000 supported by 22.4 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. Total workyears will include 21.9 for the Salaries and expenses
appropriation and 0.5 for the FIFRA Fund. This represents an increase of $46,700
in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This increase reflects increased
personnel and expense needs. The Office will provide overall guidance as well
as program and administrative support for OARM, direct and manage OARM's
resources, administer and report on OARM's portion of the Administrator's Action
Tracking System (ATS) and the Strategic Targeted Activities for Results System
(STARS), and conduct strategies to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of
the Agency. This office will also coordinate and consolidate OARM's internal
control reporting, ensure compliance with the Freedom of Information Act and
Agency audit recommendations, and oversee OARM information management needs.
}991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,589,800 supported by 22.4
total workyears for this program, of which $1,561,300 and 21.9 total workyears
are from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $28,500 and 0.5 total
workyears from the FIFRA fund. These resources are used for overall policy
direction and guidance to the Agency's management programs, budget development
and execution, review of organization and consolidation issues, internal control
reporting, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) coordination, ATS and STARS
reporting, and special analyses on management issues.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990 the Agency obligated a total of $2,146,600 supported by 28.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources were used to provide management and policy
direction, development and execution of OARM's budget, provide Action Tracking
and Strategic Planning and Management reports, internal control reporting and
responses to FOIA requests, and conduct special analyses and projects.
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FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1992 Proram
The Agency requests a total of $9,778,100 supported by 137.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. Total workyears will include 136.5 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and 0.5 for the FIFRA Fund. This represents an increase of
$494,000 and 1.0 in total workyears from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased personnel and expense
needs. The increase in workyears will provide support for the new Chief
Financial Officers' (CFO) legislation. This will satisfy the audited financial
statements requirement in the CFO legislation. The office will provide
enhancements to the Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS) to meet Agency
reporting requirements and integrate administrative systems in support of OMB
Circular A- 127. These enhancements will require additional data analysis, module
testing, policies and procedures, contract management support, and training of
Headquarters and Regional staff. Other initiatives include: (1) Strengthening
the financial integrity of basic operations by supporting initiatives that
improve the delivery of financial services to clients and implement strong
quality assurance for all functions and locations; (2) Improving analytic and
reporting capabilities by developing a program directed at improving financial
data analysis and enhancing reporting capabilities; (3) Maintaining a long range
strategic planning program to identify future objectives and achieve them in a
planned and logical manner; and (4) Conducting quality assurance reviews to
improve financial integrity. This request will also allow Headquarters,
Cincinnati, Las Vegas and Research Triangle Park offices to provide necessary
financial accounting and fiscal services.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,434,100 supported by 136.0
total workyears for this program, of which $9,284,100 and 135.5 total workyears
are from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $150,000 and 0.5 total
workyears from the FIFRA fund. These resources provide a full array of financial
services to EPA managers, including: payroll, accounting, debt collection,
accounts payable and policy guidance. This program also manages the Agency's
IFMS. The 1991 program emphasis is on implementing the Office of Management and
Budget's Circular A- 127 requirements, performing reviews required by Section 4
of the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act of 1982, implementing a new
adhoc report writer, maintaining the timeliness of payments processed as required
by the Prompt Payment Act, exploring further cash management initiatives, and
moving the IFMS towards compliance with General Accounting Office (GAO)
standards.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $7,945,700 supported by 130.4 total
workyears, of which $7,929,100 and 129.9 total workyears was from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and $16,600 and 0.5 total workyears from the FIFRA
fund. With these resources, the Agency improved the financial services provided
by Headquarters and Research Triangle Park financial operations, implemented
standard quality assurance programs for the Agency, and stabilized the operations
and improved performance of the IFMS.
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OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,011,200 supported by 100.9 total
workyears for this program.- Total dollars will include $7,661,800 for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $2,349,400 for the Abatement Control and
Compliance appropriation. Total workyears will include 99.9 for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and 1.0 for the FIFRA Fund. This represents an increase
of $435,600 and 5.5 workyears in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased personnel and expense needs.
The increase in workyears will support management integrity activities. These
resources will provide us with the capabilities to perform all mandatory
activities associated with OMB and Congressional budget submissions for 1993 and
1994, provide budget analyses and reports to Agency program offices, and maintain
an allocation, control and review system for all workyear and financial
resources. The Office will continue its focus on developing a quality assurance
program to ensure corrective actions resulting from audit recommendations are
tracked and completed, and maintaining EPA's Quality and Productivity Improvement
Program which will reduce costs and enhance program effectiveness across the
Agency. The Comptroller will also continue to implement the Federal Managers'
Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA), and OMB Circulars A-76, and A-127, and continue
support for the Agency's Public-Private Partnership efforts.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,635,600 supported by 95.4
total workyears for this program, of which $7,226,200 and 94.4 total workyears
are from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $2,349,400 is from the
Abatement Control and Compliance appropriation and $60,000 and 1.0 total
workyears from the FIFRA fund. With these resources the Office of the
Comptroller prepares the 1992 budget request, develops current and outyear budget
guidance to program and Regional offices, analyzes budget issues, develops and
implements Agency budget policy, administers and provides policy guidance to EPA
managers on a range of fiscal concerns, supports the Environmental Financial
Advisory Board (EFAB) and continues efforts to build a strong Public-Private
Partnership program, supports the Agency Quality and Productivity Improvement
activities, supports the Administrator's Senior Council on Management Controls,
and continues implementation of FMFIA requirements and OMB Circulars A-76 and A-
127.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $6,095,400 supported by 82.2 total
workyears for this program, of which $5,808,700 and 81.8 total workyears was from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $257,600 from the Abatement Control and
Compliance appropriation and $29,100 and 0.4 total workyears from the FIFRA fund.
With these resources, this program managed the development of the 1991 Operating
Plans, provided budget and policy guidance to Program and Regional offices for
the 1992 budget requests, performed oversight of audit resolution and follow-up,
continued implementation of the FMFIA, continued EPA's Productivity Improvement
Program and provided support for the EFAB, established and supported the Senior
Council on Management Controls, and continued Public-Private Partnership efforts,
including demonstration projects across the country.
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CONTRACTS AND GRANTS MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1992 Program Request:
The Agency requests a total of $14,102,300 supported by 252.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. Total workyears will include 247.9 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and 5.0 for the FIFRA Fund. This represents an increase of
$807,200 and 3.0 total workyears in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The increase in Salaries and Expenses will provide for salary and expense needs.
The increase in workyears will fund growing contract placement activities as a
result of the Clean Air Act and support suspension and debarment activities. The
request will enable the Agency to process and award new contracts and purchase
orders, manage and close out existing contracts, train project officers and
contracting officers, evaluate contractor cost proposals, process contract
terminations and claims, and provide technical review, policy guidance, and
administrative oversight and management to the three procurement operations in
Headquarters, Cincinnati, and Research Triangle Park (RTF). In the grants area,
resources will allow the Agency to develop and interpret regulations, policy and
procedural guidance for new and existing Agency-wide assistance programs; award
and administer Headquarters grants and loans, cooperative agreements, and
interagency agreements; provide outreach to the Regions, states and Federal
assistance recipients; continue to modify, update, and simplify assistance
regulations; continue in-house audit and cost analyses; increase suspension and
debarment actions to combat waste, fraud and abuse in Federal assistance and
procurement programs; implement the Clean Air Act Amendments and enhance the role
of the Agency's Grants Information System Management Council.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $13,552,500 supported by 249.9
total workyears for this program, of which $13,295,100 and 244.9 total workyears
are from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $257,400 and 5.0 total
workyears from the FIFRA func3 These resources are being used to perform a full
range of grants and contract activities including awarding and managing
contracts, grants, loans, purchase orders, and interagency agreements. This also
includes negotiating indirect cost rates, processing terminations and claims,
managing procurement operations at Headquarters, Cincinnati and RTP, publishing
a government-wide consolidated debarment regulation, developing suspension and
debarment cases under the EPA assistance and procurement program, strengthening
internal grant management controls, building Region/state/recipient capacity,
addressing regulation and policy development (continuing to implement the new
State Revolving Fund policy,) finalizing the implementation of a new automated
assistance document system, developing an automated Congressional Notification
System, and providing project and contracting officer training.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency allocated a total or $12,578,700 supported by 229.6
total workyears for this program, of which $12,544,700 and 229.1 total workyears
was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $34,000 and 0.5 total
workyears from the FIFRA fund. The major accomplishments in this program area
included increased emphasis on contract management, continued implementation of
the Federal Acquisition Regulation, improvement of the contract planning system
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and automated procurement and grants document systems, issuance of additional
awards for the Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Program, development of a Grants
Information System Management Council and the implementation of an automated
grant document system in the Regions. We also published the Drug Free Workplace
Act Regulations, took noncompliance actions and recovered Federal funds from
program participants who abused the privileges of Federal assistance, developed
and issued policy and guidance for the State Revolving Fund and consolidated the
assistance management functions in the Regions to improve internal controls.
ORGANIZATION AND HEALTH SERVICES
1992 Proram
The Agency requests a total of $3,507,400 supported by 50.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $186,800 in the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation. The increase in the Salaries and Expenses reflects
increased personnel and expense needs. The Agency will continue to coordinate
the management of the planning, design, construction and move processes for a new
consolidated Agency headquarters, and focus on construction planning and
coordination. Particular emphasis will be placed on interior/exterior design
monitoring as well as developing a management oversight mechanism. Our
environmental compliance program will continue to perform audits and provide
technical assistance and training to Agency laboratories. Waste minimization
will be a new area receiving emphasis. Our health and safety program will
continue to monitor Agency workspace for safe and healthful working conditions
and provide technical assistance and training. In addition to providing
management and organization services required by the reauthorization of EPA's
major statutes and the anticipated elevation of EPA to a cabinet- level
department, we will expand our efforts to ensure that Agency organizations,
management systems and processes are as efficient and effective as possible by
conducting management and organization analytical studies; overseeing the
Agency's directives systems; managing the development and review of Agency-wide
delegations of authority and reorganizations; managing the Agency's public
advisory committees; coordinating the Agency's participation in the activities
of the President's Council on Management Improvement; administering management
advisory and support services contracts; and providing technical assistance on
management and organization issues.
1991 Program
In 1991 the Agency is allocating a total of $3,320,600 supported by 50.5
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources will provide high quality management assistance
to all Agency organizations. Assistance will enable the Agency to respond to
complex environmental issues such as pollution prevention, risk reduction and
technology transfer. Delegations of authority and organizational analyses will
strengthen management processes and streamline organizations. Planning for the
new Headquarters facility will involve identification of a developer who best
meets the Agency's functional requirements. Resources will be devoted to
refining specific evaluation criteria, conducting detailed evaluation of
developer proposals and completing specific site analyses. We will provide
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leadership to implement environmental regulations and provide a safe, healthful
work environment for Agency employees through the development of policy, guide-
lines and technical support.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $2,720,300 supported by 44.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. A comprehensive review of the correspondence process serving the
Administrator's Office led to the establishment of an Agency Executive
Secretariat. Management analysis and contract assistance resulted in a series
of organizational and management improvements for Agency responsibilities
required by current and new environmental legislation. Additionally, technical
support resulted in the establishment of four new Agency advisory committees.
The planning process for the new headquarters facility involved refinement of
previously established technical requirements incorporating a number of
environmental considerations, including pollution prevention, energy conservation
and indoor air quality. Environmental compliance program evaluation, training
and technical support was provided to our laboratories in the areas of
environmental compliance and health and safety.
FACILITIES AND MANAGEMENT SERVICES
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,926,000 supported by 183.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. Total workyears include 181.7 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and 2.0 total workyears for the FIFRA Fund. This represents an
increase of $665,100 and 3.0 total workyears in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased
personnel and expense needs . With these increased workyears the Agency will
administer the Nationwide Support, Headquarters Support, and Buildings and
Facilities budgets, provide operational support and housekeeping services, and
monitor and direct contractor resources under support contracts , with particular
efforts to improve working conditions at the Waterside Mall Complex. One
additional workyear will provide for facility operations in Research Triangle
Park, NC in support of the Clean Air Act.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,424,500 supported by 180.7
total workyears for this program, of which $8,260,900 and 178.7 total workyears
are from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $163,600 and 2.0 total
workyears from the FIFRA fund. These funds are being used to provide timely,
high quality and cost effective facilities management and support services for
EPA facilities in Washington, Research Triangle Park (RTF), North Carolina and
Cincinnati, Ohio. These resources provide on-going services in the areas of
property and space management , operational services , office support services ,
real estate and lease enforcement support, transportation management, printing
and publication operations, security services, and facilities design and
construction management. We are continuing our improvement efforts at the
Waterside Mall Complex.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $8,579,300 supported by 183.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $8,496,100 and 182.3 total workyears were
from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $83,200 and 1.1 total workyears
from the FIFRA fund. With these resources the Agency provided responsive
facilities management services to EPA facilities in Washington, RTF and
Cincinnati, established better administrative controls over property management,
and effectively managed space needs. We also initiated planning for the new
Headquarters facility, improved ventilation throughout Waterside Mall and
improved security services. This program supervised the design and construction
of a new water quality monitoring field station in Newport, Oregon; the design
of the clinical inhalation research lab in Chapel Hill, North Carolina; the
construction of the radiation laboratory in Montgomery, Alabama; the design of
the new Biotechnology Lab in Gulf Breeze, Florida; and the design of the Edison,
New Jersey Laboratory.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SERVICES
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,062,200 supported by 182.4 total
workyears for this program of which $12,462,700 and 181.9 total workyears will
be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, 0.5 total workyears will be for
the FIFRA Fund and $1,599,500 will be for the Abatement Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation of $668,400 and 4.0 total workyears, and an increase of $500,000
in the Abatement Control and Compliance appropriation from 1991. The increase
in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation will support data
integration efforts. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased
personnel and expense needs. The increase in workyears will support collection
and dissemination of environmental data, support management of Agency-wide
automated data processing (ADP) service contracts and provide for information
security to ensure the national data systems have proper information security
protocol. The requested resources will enable the Agency to maintain current
centrally administered information systems and services in support of EPA
programs and the public. This program provides the personnel to manage the
Agency's central and distributed computing and data transmission network, major
administrative and programmatic data systems, and library services. In addition,
these resources will permit the Agency to continue to strengthen information
resources management including long and short-range ADP planning, ADP security,
records management, software and data standards, internal controls on information
resources, and systems modernization. Technical support is provided for the
Regional geographic information systems (CIS) effort and emphasis is placed on
improving data sharing and integration with state environmental agencies. The
data integration efforts will be expanded to assist the Agency in more extensive
cross-media analysis for better risk-based decisions and more comprehensive
compliance and enforcement actions. Further efforts will be taken to support
international activities in environmental data sharing and information exchange.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $12,924,300 supported by 178.4
11-64
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total workyears for this program of which $11,794,300 and 177.9 total workyears
are from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $1,099,500 is from the
Abatement Control and Compliance appropriation and $30,500 and 0.5 total
workyears from the FIFRA fund. Continued efforts will be devoted to improved
information systems planning by EPA programs, strengthening information security,
and enhancing the Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). Major progress
was made to integrate State/EPA data systems and improve the exchange of
environmental data. All the states became involved in this effort through direct
telecommunications link-up to the Agency's national databases. The Systems
Development Center supports the modernization of national data systems that serve
critical areas of the Agency's mission. The Center has begun to develop
applications for cross-media use. This program also supported extensive efforts
in international data sharing, including involvements with other countries.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $11,450,100 supported by 164.6
total workyears for this program, of which $10,718,500 and 164.0 total workyears
was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $699,500 was from the Abatement
Control and Compliance appropriation and $32,100 and 0.6 total workyears from the
FIFRA fund. During 1990, EPA continued to expand its implementation of the IFMS.
Significant enhancements were accomplished in many of the administrative systems
such as property, payroll, grants and state revolving fund information system.
Significant progress was made in the internal information security program and
in the establishment of internal information marrgement policy guidelines. Phase
I of our State/EPA Data Management Program data sharing was successfully
implemented in over forty-five states. Data integration efforts began in many
of the Regions and participating states. The CIS activities were in progress
Regionally with many significant environmental projects under analysis. The
Systems Development Center was established to assist in the development and
enhancement of our national program data systems.
OFFICE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
1992 Progrq™ Request
The Agency requests a total $10,089,800 supported by 183.4 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. Total workyears will include 180.4 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and 3.0 for the FIFRA Fund. This represents an increase in the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation of $723,700 and 2.0 total workyears. The
increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased salary and expense needs.
Increased workyears will support expansion of the National Recruitment Program
enhancing college relations with schools with high concentrations of culturally
diverse students and support the Clean Air Act. We will also continue to support
position management, classification, performance management, pay administration,
personnel and payroll processing, labor management and employee rel; ons, and
technical assistance and advisory services. Initiatives whici will be
institutionalized include: '.otal Quality Management (TQM), extension of the EPA
Institute, delivery of prcjrams dealing with important workplace issues,
expansion of workforce planning and streamlining employment and position
classification programs, and developing and implementing executive and management
development programs.
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]QQ] P^-ng-ram
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,546,100 supported by 181.4
total workyears for the program, of which $9,366,100 and 178.4 total workyears
are from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $180,000 and 3.0 total
workyears from the FIFRA fund. These resources will provide professional and
administrative recruitment services, selection and placement of new employees,
centralized examination and referral services, position management,
classification and job analysis, advice to management on labor management and
employee relations, employee and management development services, personnel and
payroll processing, and policy guidance and national support. Among the Human
Resources initiatives to be introduced in 1991 are the development and
implementation of the new recruitment marketing strategy and the development and
implementation of the core college relations program. EPA will actively
participate in developing the federal strategy on pay reform and will develop and
implement a strategy for pay reform at the Agency. We will conduct a major TQM
training and implementation effort in the Agency and will complete the Cultural
Diversity Study.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $9,170,400 supported by 170.1 total
workyears for the program, of which $9,095,000 and 168.7 total workyears were
from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $75,400 and 1.4 total workyears
from the FIFRA fund. The Agency provided comprehensive human resource services,
implemented and expanded key Human Resources initiatives, including the model
Agency-wide Leave Bank Program for the Federal government, conducted the research
to revamp the national recruitment program and identified colleges and
universities which will serve as the core of a college relations program directed
at schools with high concentrations of black, Hispanic, Native American, disabled
and women students. We also provided workforce information to supervisors and
managers, accepted some delegated authority, and implemented employment
flexibilities to streamline the employment process. We also developed a process
and support system for the introduction of TQM in the Agency and began a major
analysis of cultural diversity issues at EPA.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management 11-67
Resource Management - Regions 11-69
Financial Management - Regions '.. 11-69
Human Resources Management - Regions 11-70
Contracts and Grants Management - Regions 11-71
Administrative Management - Regions 11-72
Regional Management 11-72
Regional Counsel 11-73
Planning, Evaluation and Analysis - Regions 11-74
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REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Resource Management -
Regions
Salaries & Expenses
Contracts & Grants
Management - Regions
Salaries & Expenses
Regional Counsel
Salaries & Expenses
Regional Management
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
lanning, Evaluation &
Analysis - Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Financial Management -
Regions
Salaries & Expenses
Human Resources Mgt -
Regions
Salaries & Expenses
Administrative
Management - Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Regional Management TOTAL
$1,637.0 $1,917.2 $1,917.2 $1,961.0 $43.8
$1,637.0 $1,917.2 $1,917.2 $1,961.0 $43.8
$264.0 $5,479.8 $5,479.8 $5,606.0 $126.2
$264.0 $5,479.8 $5.479.8 $5,606.0 $126.2
$4,514.7 $4,594.8 $4,594.8 $6,026.3 $1,431.5
$4,514.7 $4,594.8 $4.594.8 $6,026.3 $1,431.5
$13,845.9 $16,158.3 $16.158.1 $16,813.7 $655.6
$13,845.9 $16,158.3 $16.158.1 $16,813.7 $655.6
$4,278.6 $4,822.4 $4,822.4 $5,369.1 $546.7
$4,278.6 $4,822.4 $4,822.4 $5,369.1 $546.7
$3,251.5 $3,815.8 $3,815.8 $3,904.0 $88.2
$3,251.5 $3,815.8 $3,815.8 $3,904.0 $88.2
$3,865.3 $4,463.0 $4,463.0 $4,567.0 $104.0
$3,865.3 $4,463.0 $4,463.0 $4.567.0 $104.0
$7,506.8 $8.370.6 $8,370.3 $8.776.0 $405.7
$7.506.8 $8,370.6 $8,370.3 $8,776.0 $405.7
$39,163.8 $49,621.9 $49.621.4 $53,023.1 $3,401.7
$39,163.8 $49,621.9 $49,621.4 $53,023.1 $3,401.7
11-67
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Analysis - Regions
Financial Management -
Regions
Human Resources Mgt -
Regions
Administrative
Management - Regions
TOTAL UORICYEARS
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PERMANENT UORICYEARS
Resource Management -
Regions
Contracts & Grants
Management - Regions
Regional Counsel
Regional Management
Planning, Evaluation &
Analysis - Regions
Financial Management -
Regions
Human Resources Mgt -
Regions
Administrative
Management - Regions
TOTAL PERMANENT UORICYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Resource Management -
Regions
Contracts & Grants
Management - Regions
Regional Counsel
Regional Management
Planning, Evaluation &
(DOLLARS
31.8 39.0
6.4 117.8
77.7 90.0
195.0 188.6
81.3 97.8
83.9 86.2
84.2 95.7
161.7 177.7
722.0 892.8
35.7 40.8
6.7 119.7
84.3 95.2
213.3 197.0
88.7 101.4
IN THOUSANDS)
39.0
117.8
90.0
188.6
97.8
86.2
95.7
177.7
892.8
40.8
119.7
95.2
197.0
101.4
40.8
129.7
102.2
197.0
101.4
95.4
102.8
192.7
962.0
40.8
129.7
102.2
197.0
101.4
1.8
11.9
12.2
8.4
3.6
9.2
7.1
15.0
69.2
0.0
10.0
7.0
0.0
0.0
88.1
89.4
89.4
95.4
93.3 102.8 102.8 102.8
182.0 185.7 185.7 192.7
6.0
0.0
7.0
792.1 932.0 932.0 962.0 30.0
11-68
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Regional Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $53,023,100 supported by 962.0 total
workyears for 1992, an increase of $3,401,700 and 30.0 total workyears from 1991.
All of the request is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,961,000 supported by 40.8 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $43,800 and no change in total workyears from 1991.
The increase in Salaries and Expenses will provide for anticipated salary and
expense needs. This level of funding supports Regional resource management and
control activities, including budget and operating plan development and workload
analysis. In addition, these resources will allow the Regional offices to
continue implementing the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act and further
strengthen funds control.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,917,200 supported by 40.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources are being used to conduct budgeting and resource
analysis functions and implement the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act
in the ten Regional offices.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,637,000 supported by 35.7 total
workyears for this program, all of which war from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriat . T ;-se resources allowed Regie .* Administrators to effectively
and effici- .cly manage their resources and operating plan processes.
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a tot. of $3,904,000 supported by 95.4 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $88,200 and 6.0 total workyears
from 1991. The increase n Salaries and Expenses will provide for anticipated
salary and expense needs. The increase in workyears will support financial
activities- associated with the net, Chief Financial Officers' (CFO) legislation.
It also provides the capability to continue conducting internal control reviews
11-69
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as required by the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act of 1982 as well as
Cash Management Reviews mandated by the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984. This
level of funding will allow the financial management offices to provide basic
financial services and maintain on-going financial management functions. The
financial management offices will continue to provide accounting, payment
processing, billings and collections for grants, travel, payroll, contracts,
purchase orders, and all other financial transactions as well as payroll support
and general ledger activities.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,815,800 supported by 89.4
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources are being used to provide the Regions with
accounting, payment processing, payroll support, financial reporting services,
and comprehensive financial management.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,251,500 supported by 88.1 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. With these resources, the Financial Management Offices provided
accounting, payment processing, payroll support, financial reporting services,
and comprehensive financial management.
HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,567,000 supported by 102.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $104,000 from 1991. The increase
in Salaries and Expenses will provide for anticipated salary and expense needs.
The resources will allow Regional personnel offices to meet basic regulatory
requirements and maintain current service levels. These services include
processing recruitment and classification actions, entering data and updates to
the Agency's payroll system, providing advisory services and reorganization
reviews, administering the grievance system, negotiating with unions, and
managing the Performance Management and Recognition System.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,463,000 supported by 102.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources are being used to formalize local human resource
management programs, provide for recruitment, staffing, and classification
actions, conduct position management and pay administration, process personnel
and payroll transactions, administer grievance system and disciplinary action
procedures, provide employment development and training, consult and negotiate
with local unions, conduct special studies, and advise Regional managers on the
above functions.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,865,300 supported by 93.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. With these resources, the Regional personnel offices provided on-
going personnel services to .support the accomplishment of the Regions' program
operations and goals, provided better training programs for Regional employees,
and initiated human resources management programs.
CONTRACTS AND GRANTS MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,606,000 supported by 129.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $126,200 and 10.0 total workyears
from the 1991 program. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased
personnel and expense needs. Increased workyears will support management
integrity activities by providing clear accountability and a system of checks and
balances in Grants Administration. The grants program awards, administers and
manages cooperative and interagency agreements and grants for program activities.
Special emphasis will be placed on accountability and ensuring that every
assistance award complies with regulatory and policy requirements and that
recipients have the financial, procurement and property systems to account for
and safeguard Federal funds. In addition small purchase support will continue
to be provided at our Regional Offices.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a. total of $5,479,800 and 119.7 total
workyears from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These resources provide
the Regional program offices with small purchase support and grants management
to effectively award, administer and manage cooperative and interagency
agreements. 1991 represents the full effect of the consolidation of regional
grants administration functions in this program element. Grants Administration
activities will provide clear accountability for business administration
responsibilities, promote the efficient utilization of resources by providing a
core of business expertise and provide a "checks and balance" relationship to
assure achievement of both programmatic and administrative objectives necessary
for program integrity.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency allocated a total of $264,000 and 6.7 total workyears
from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These resources provided the
Regional program offices with small purchase support and grants management to
effectively award, administer and manage cooperative and interagency agreements.
11-71
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ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,776,000 supported by 192.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $405,700 and 7.0 total workyears
from 1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses will provide for anticipated
salary and expense needs. Increased workyears will expand data integration
efforts to assist the Agency in more extensive collection and dissemination of
environmental data and support geographic information systems (CIS) activities.
Resources will allow the Regions to provide administrative management services
that include maintaining administrative information systems and minicomputer
operations, ensuring automated data processing (ADP) operations support for
Regional programs, managing word processing equipment and ADP systems
acquisition, and coordinating Regional records management. Development of state
data management plans to ensure efficient and reliable methods of State/EPA data
sharing will receive priority attention. In addition, this program will ensure
the safety and security of Regional personnel, manage property and supplies,
provide general office services, and provide program management for all support
services.
1.99.1 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,370,300 supported by 185.7
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources are being used to provide the Regions with
administrative management activities in the areas of information management,
health and safety and environmental compliance, and facilities support. This
program will continue to improve methods for EPA and states to share
environmental data.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $7,506,800 supported by 182.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. With these resources, the Regions provided administrative
management services and implemented information management plans to increase use
of personal computers and integrate electronic telecommunications lines to
achieve cost saving and productivity gains.
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $16,813,700 supported by 197.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $655,600 and no change in total
workyears from 1991. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects increased
personnel and support costs. The budget request will enable the Regional offices
to continue to shape and articulate policy for state and local governments;
respond to inquiries from Congress, the news media and the public; establish
regular communications with public interest, environmental and business groups;
11-72
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maintain an effective Equal Employment Opportunity program, process Freedom of
Information requests issue critical news releases; and assist in Regional
analytical activities.
1991 Program
•
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $16,158,100 and 197.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. In 1991 we continue to emphasize coordination and dissemination
of the increasing number of information requests including Freedom of Information
requests, which are increasing by approximately 20 percent per year. The program
will continue issuing critical news releases, maintaining a Regional Equal
Employment program, responding to Congressional inquiries, and coordinating EPA
involvement in major state environmental issues.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated $13,845,900 and 213.3 total workyears for this
program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
program provided support for the Regional Administrators and their immediate
staffs, as well as for the basic staff functions of public affairs, Congressional
and intergovernmental activities, the equal employment opportunity function, and
responses to Freedom of Information Act requests.
REGIONAL COUNSEL
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,026,300 supported by 102.2 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $1,431,500 and an increase of 7.0
total workyears from 1991. The increase will provide for additional staff to
implement the Clean Air Act, support Indian programs, and to support
administrative hearings, and for increased personnel and support costs.
The Offices of Regional Counsel (ORC) will continue to handle defensive
litigation involving principally Regional issues. They will provide advice and
counsel to Regional programs, review Regional rulemaking actions, assist states
by reviewing State orogram delegations and advising State agencies on obtaining
adequate legal authorities, and support Agency contract and assistance programs
through resolution of grant appeals, bid protests, and debarment and suspension
actions. Three additional workyears will be devoted to addressing Clean Air Act
implementation responsibilities including review of new state implementation plan
submissions and program delegations for new statutory provisions. Two additional
workyears will support the Agency's management integrity initiative by providing
for hearing officers and hearing clerks for administrative hearings. Two
additional workyears will increase legal support to Indian tribes to operate
their own environmental protection programs.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,594,800 supported by 95.2
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
11-73
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appropriation. The ORCs handle defensive litigation involving principally
Regional issues. They provide advice and counsel to Regional programs, review
Regional rulemaking actions, and assist States by reviewing State program
delegations and advising State agencies on obtaining adequate legal authorities.
Additionally, the ORCs continue to support Agency assistance and procurement
programs through resolution of grant appeals, bid protest, and debarment and
suspension actions.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $4,514,700 supported by 84.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. In 1990, the ORCs supported Agency priorities by providing legal
advice and support to Regional managers and defending the Agency in litigation.
They also advised on actions such as grants, contracts, and personnel actions.
Additionally, the ORCs' activities included advising State agencies on the legal
requirements for assuming environmental protection programs, assisting in
drafting appropriate regulatory language, and helping to negotiate and document.
the terms of delegation agreements.
PLANNING. EVALUATION. AND ANALYSIS - REGIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,369,100 supported by 101.4 workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase from 1991 of $546,700 due to increased personnel and
support costs.
The ten Regions will carry out essential Regional planning, evaluation and
analysis activities. These activities will include developing four-year
strategic plans, and one-year Regional strategies using comparative risk analyses
to target resources for enhanced risk reduction; preparing accountability
reports; evaluating programs; conducting management and regulatory analysis;
preparing risk assessment and risk management analyses; and conducting risk
training/communication courses to build technical capability and institutional
liaisons with states and others. In addition, Regions will perform activities
related to cross-media pollution prevention such as: implementation of EPA's
Pollution Prevention Strategy and Regional pollution prevention plans; adoption
of pollution prevention approaches in site-specific decisionmaking; training and
education events for state and local governments, industry, and citizen groups;
oversight of state activities funded by pollution prevention grants; integration
of pollution prevention into Regional risk management strategies; and support for
multi-state Regional councils established specifically to deal with pollution
prevention initiatives.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,822,400 supported by 101.4
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
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The ten Regions are carrying out essential planning, evaluation and analysis
activities including strategic planning that uses comparative risk analysis for
development of strategic options; preparing accountability reports; evaluating
programs; conducting management and regulatory analyses; and conducting risk
assessment/management/communication to support the development and implementation
of Regional risk reduction strategies. In addition, the Regions are performing
activities related to cross-media pollution prevention such as: implementation
of Regional pollution prevention plans; adoption of pollution prevention
approaches in site-specific decisionmaking; training and education events for
government, industry, and citizen groups; oversight of pollution prevention state
grant activities; integration of pollution prevention into Regional risk
management strategies; and support for multi-state Regional councils established
specifically to deal with pollution prevention initiatives.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $4,278,600 supported by 88.7 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
These resources provided staff needed to perform essential planning,
evaluation and analysis activities in all ten Regions. The Regions continued to
work with the Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation (OPPE) to build planning
processes for setting priorities based on risk-reduction potential. The Regions
increased their risk assessment/management capability, initiated risk information
exchange programs among state environmental agencies, developed new risk
communication methods, and trained employees in risk analysis. Three Regions
worked with OPPE to develop Regional risk-reduction plans. Six Regions
established Regional pollution prevention demonstration programs. These cross -
media programs provided technical assistance and other support to states,
localities, and multi-state Regional advisory councils. Several Regions
sponsored projects which targeted pollution prevention opportunities for key
industrial facilities in environmentally sensitive areas, and another
demonstration Region integrated pollution prevention approaches into its
enforcement priority-setting work. Evaluations of these efforts commenced.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs 11-76
Professional Training 11-78
Nationwide Support Services 11-79
Headquarters Support Services 11-79
Regional Support Services 11-80
Automated Data Processing Support Costs 11-81
Lab Support - Research and Development 11-82
Lab Support - Air and Radiation 11-82
Lab Support - Pesticides and Toxic Substances 11-83
-------
ACTUAL
1990
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST
1992
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Lab Support -
Pesticides & Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$439.0
$439.0
$474.0
$474.0
$474.0
$474.0
$474.0
$474.0
0.0
0.0
Professional Training
Salaries & Expenses $536.5
TOTAL $536.5
Nationwide Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses $74,598.1
Office of Inspector
General
Reregistration and
Expedited Processing
TOTAL $74,598.1
Headquarters Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses $46.558.0
Office of Inspector
General
Reregistration and $1,354.8
Expedited Processing
TOTAL $47,912.8
Regional Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses $40,112.3
Office of Inspector
General
Reregistration and
Expedited Processing
TOTAL $40,112.3
Lab Support-Research &
Development
Salaries & Expenses $7,144.1
TOTAL $7,144.1
Lab Support - Air And
Radiation
Salaries & Expenses $1,852.4
TOTAL $1,852.4
$1,126.5 $1,126.3 $1,126.3 0.0
$1,126.5 $1,126.3 $1,126.3 0.0
$89,285.5 $89,194.7 $115,843.8 $26,649.1
$1,552.0 $1,552.0 $1,552.0 0.0
$1,072.5 $1,072.5 -$1,072.5
$91,910.0 $91,819.2 $117,395.8 $25,576.6
$56,444.7 $56,444.5 $64,131.2 $7,686.7
$580.0 $580.0 $613.0 $33.0
$1,025.0 $1,025.0 -$1,025.0
$58,049.7 $58,049.5 $64,744.2 $6,694.7
$49,490.6 $49,466.5 $51,117.8 $1,651.3
$180.0 £180.0 $180.0 0.0
$75.0 $75.0 -$75.0
$49,745.6 $49,721.5 $51,297.8 $1.576.3
$114.1 $114.1 $114.1 0.0
$114.1 $114.1 $114.1 0.0
$1,953.3 $1.953.3 $1,953.3 0.0
$1,953.3 $1.953.3 $1,953.3 0.0
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SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Automated Data
Processing Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses $45,934.8 $47,593.3 $47,593.2 $47,593.2 0.0
Abatement Control and $9,700.0 $9,700.0 -$9,700.0
Compliance
Office of Inspector $130.0 $130.0 $130.0 0.0
General
TOTAL $45,934.8 $57,423.3 $57,423.2 $47,723.2 -$9,700.0
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $217,175.2 $246,482.0 $246,366.6 $282,353.7 $35,987.1
Abatement Control and $9,700.0 $9,700.0 -$9,700.0
Compliance
Office of Inspector $2,442.0 $2,442.0 $2,475.0 $33.0
General
Registration and $1,354.8 $2,172.5 $2,172.5 -$2,172.5
Expedited Processing
Support Costs TOTAL $218,530.0 $260,796.5 $260,681.1 $284,828.7 $24,147.6
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Support Costs
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $284,828,700 for 1992, an increase of
$26,320,100 from 1991. Of the request, $282,353,700 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation, and $2,475,000 will be for the Inspector General
appropriation.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,126,300 for this program, all of which
will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents no change
from 1991. The Agency will offer training and development to professional,
technical and support staff. Scientific and technical courses will be developed.
The EPA Institute will add to its current offerings. Career counseling
activities will be enhanced in order to help employees improve their skills. In
the management area, EPA will continue to implement the comprehensive management
development program moving toward a full complement of training and development
opportunities for all levels of management. EPA will continue to support
expansion of the Total Quality Management (TQM) effort and will begin
implementing recommendations from the Cultural Diversity task force.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,126,300 for this program,
all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds are
being used to develop and deliver a widening variety of training opportunities
through the EPA Institute. The Agency will emphasize assessment and career
counseling activities. Career development programs will increase the cross-
agency and cross-media experience of employees and managers, and improve their
ability to address complex environmental problems. EPA will continue to conduct
its core supervisory and managerial training courses at all management levels and
will develop additional courses on topical issues in the Agency. In addition,
EPA will begin implementing the comprehensive management development program.
Current activities of the Senior Executive Service (SES) Candidate Development
Program, the Presidential Management Intern Program and the Greater Leadership
Opportunities (GLO) Program will be maintained. The Agency will continue to
support the career advisory committees and the Human Resources Council. The
Agency will provide support to the TQM implementation effort and will complete
the Cultural Diversity Study.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $536,500 for this program, all of
which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds provided
training in the areas of supervisory management, executive development, clerical
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skills, and technical and scientific development. EPA Institute operations were
expanded in Regions and field locations. The Agency piloted courses in Cultural
Diversity and TQM, developed a comprehensive management development program, and
expanded GLO, a program targeted at helping women and minorities to advance.
NATIONWIDE SUPPORT SERVICES '
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $117,395,800 for this program. Total dollars
will include $115,843,800 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$1,552,000 for the Inspector General appropriation. This represents an increase
of $26,649,100 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation from 1991. The
increase provides for the 23% GSA rent increase and will cover additional space
rental and telecommunications needs as a result of Agency workyear increases, and
rate increases and cost escalations to service contracts. These funds will pay
for Agency-wide support costs including space rental, postage, Federal
Telecommunications System (FTS) and telecommunications costs, national security,
Code of Federal regulations typesetting, unemployment compensation, workmen's
compensation, health and safety and environmental compliance audits and personnel
support for Public Health Service commissioned officers.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $91,819,200 for this program,
of which $89,194,700 is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $1,552,000
from the Inspector General Appropriation and $1,072,500 from the FIFRA fund.
These resources are being used by the Agency to provide efficient nationwide
services to the Agency workforce. The Agency is working with GSA to procure
additional space in Washington to help alleviate overcrowded conditions at the
Waterside Mall. We will continue on-going safety, health and environmental
management programs and initiate a marine safety program.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $74,598,100 for this program, all
of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These resources
allowed the Agency to pursue several nationwide support efforts in the areas of
space planning, telecommunications, information security, personal property
management, safety, health, and environmental management, including the
initiation of new programs in the areas of biological and radiological safety.
HEADQUARTERS SUPPORT SERVICES
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $64,744,200 for this program. Total dollars
include $64,131,200 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $613,000 for
the Inspector General appropriation. This represents an increase of $7,686,700
in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $33,000 in the Inspector General
appropriation. The increase will provide for cost escalations to service
contracts, cover anticipated utility rate increases and provide support for
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Agency workyear increases. It also supports data management activities which
will provide for data integration and the sharing of information with state and
local governments and allows for continuation of geographic information systems
(CIS) development. The data integration efforts will support the Agency emphasis
on compliance, enforcement, and pollution prevention strategies. These resources
will provide space planning and coordination services for the new Headquarters
facility. These resources will also provide ongoing Headquarters Support
services including motor pool, printing and copying, telephones, utilities,
facilities operations and maintenance (specifically the needs associated with the
Waterside Mall Complex) , and automated data processing (ADP) technical support
to EPA operations in Washington, Research Triangle Park (RTF), North Carolina,
and Cincinnati, Ohio.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $58,049,500 for this program,
of which $56,444,500 is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $580,000
from the Inspector General Appropriation and $1,025,000 from the FIFRA fund.
These resources are being used to provide on-going office, building, and
information management services to EPA operations in Washington, RTP, and
Cincinnati. With this funding level the Agency will provide critical on-going
services necessary to operate and manage EPA headquarters facilities, office
supply/support services, and management information systems. Additionally, the
Agency will continue to carry out its operating plans for delegation of authority
for lease enforcement/building operations at headquarters facilities, and will
continue to refine procedures for property management/inventory control. We will
continue to plan for the new Headquarters facility and focus on delineation of
program requirements. In addition we are continuing our facility improvement
efforts at the Waterside Mall Complex.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $47,912,800 for this program, of
which $46,558,000 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $1,354,800
was from the FIFRA fund. These resources provided basic Headquarters Support
services to EPA operations in Washington, RTP, and Cincinnati and funded the
operational portion of our indoor air quality improvement initiative at Waterside
Mall. This included carpet removal, ventilation system cleaning and increased
utility costs to extend the operating hours from the ventilation systems. In
addition, detailed technical requirements, evaluation criteria, and site analysis
information was performed in preparation for the new Headquarters facility. ADP
support was provided for the Integrated Financial Management System. This system
was implemented Agency-wide providing integrated financial services and internal
funds control. The program systems modernization efforts were begun to enhance
and develop national data systems.
REGIONAL SUPPORT SERVICES
1992 ProgrfT" Request
The Agency requests a total of $51,297,800 for this program, of which
$51,117,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $180,000 for
the Inspector General appropriation. This represents an increase of $1,651,300
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in the Salaries and Expense appropriation from 1991. The increase will allow for
inflation increases in basic operating costs and provide support needs for
additional Agency workyears. This level of resources will provide the ten
Regional Offices with basic support services including printing and copying,
mini-computer operations, utilities, mail, telephone, library operations, general
training, office and laboratory facility maintenance, and technical support:
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $49,721,500 for this program
of which $49,466,500 is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $180,000
from the Inspector General Appropriations and $75,000 from the FIFRA fund. These
resources are being used to provide basic office, building, and information
management services to the Regions. In addition, funding is provided to pay for
the relocation of the Chicago Regional office.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $40,112,300 for this program, all
of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds provided
ongoing support services in the Regions including improved property management
and better safety for EPA employees. Also, the Regional offices in Boston and
San Francisco were relocated.
AUTOMATED DATA PROCESSING SUPPORT COSTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $47,723,200 for this program, $47,593,200 of
which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $130,000 for the
Inspector General appropriation. This represents a decrease of $9,700,000 in the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation which reflects a one-time
expenditure for the Supercomputing Center in Bay City, Michigan. These resources
will provide the mainframe computing capacity, telecommunications network,
workstation support and operations to support the access and use of environmental
and management data.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $57,423,200, of which $47,593,200 is
from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, $9,700,000 from the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation and $130,000 from the Inspector General
appropriation. These funds are being used to maintain an ever-increasing demand
on computing services in support of all Agency programs, exclusive of Superfund.
The Agency's mainframe computing resources are expanding to meet the increased
use by the Agency and states in environmental data collection, use and sharing.
The integration of our administrative systems have also increased the demand for
mainframe computing capacity. The Agency is also beginning to implement a more
open telecommunications architecture centered around current communications
standards.
Congressional Directives: A total of $9,700,000 is for the Congressionally-
directed Supercomputer, including planning/site acquisition, for the Regional
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Acid Disposition Monitoring programs and Ecology Research and Training in Bay
City, Michigan.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, The Agency obligated a total of $45,934,800, all of which was from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Agency used these funds to maintain
and operate its mainframe computing systems, continued the implementation of
telecommunications connectivity to state/local environmental agencies to
facilitate data sharing, implemented intra-building telecommunications backbones
to support local area networking, and began investments in visualization
technology in support of supercomputer modeling research. The Agency continued
to invest in increased computing capacity to support programmatic and
administrative computer applications. Investments were also made in the wide
area network to implement increased capacity and to respond to government-wide
standards.
LAB SUPPORT - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency is allocating a total of $114,100, all of which is for the
Salaries and Expenses Appropriation. These funds will provide for health and
safety and environmental compliance oversight at the remote laboratories.
1991 Program
In 1991, most of the costs associated with operating expenses for this
research activity were moved into the Research and Development Appropriation and
are included in Multimedia Research under Laboratory and Field expenses. The
remaining funding of $114,100 from the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation is for
health and safety and environmental compliance oversight at the remote
laboratories.
1990 Accomplishments •
The Agency obligated $7,144,100, all of which was from the Salaries and
Expenses Appropriation. These funds provided for the operation and maintenance
of remote laboratories.
LAB SUPPORT - AIR AND RADIATION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,953,300 for this program, all of which is
for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents no increase from
1991. This program supports the Motor Vehicle Emi- ;ions Laboratory (MVEL) in Ann
Arbor, Michigan; the National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory (NAREL)
in Montgomery, Alabama; and the Las Vegas radiation facility (LVF) in Nevada.
The funds provide basic operation and maintenance support at these locations.
The support provided includes security, janitorial, and maintenance services;
utilities; General Services Administration vehicles; supplies and materials; and
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communications.
1991 Program
In 1991 the Agency is allocating $1,953,300 to support the three
laboratories, all from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The 1991 program
is providing the same types of activities described for 1992: basic laboratory
operations, maintenance, and supplies. These activities are required on a
continuing basis for effective and safe laboratory operation.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990 the Agency obligated a total of $1,852,400 for this program, all of
which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds provided the
basic facilities operations and maintenance costs necessary to operate the three
laboratories.
LAB SUPPORT - PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $474,000 for this program, all of which will
be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. There is no increase over the
1991 funding level. Resources will be used for basic facilities and operation
and maintenance costs for the laboratories in Beltsville, Maryland and Bay St.
Louis, Mississippi. These costs include utilities, security, communications,
warehousing, custodial services, and building maintenance. These resources will
also provide for the purchase of new laboratory equipment to replace equipment
which is obsolete or no longer cost-effective to repair, and cover increasing
maintenance costs for existing equipment. The resources will also provide for
the purchase of equipment for building analytical capacity for biotechnology and
other unique products which cannot be validated with traditional laboratory
instruments.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $474,000 for this program, all
of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The 1991 program
supports the facilities, operations, and maintenance costs for the laboratories
in Beltsville, Maryland and Bay St. Louis, Mississippi. These costs include
utilities, security, communications, warehousing, custodian services, building
maintenance, purchase of new laboratory equipment to replace equipment which is
obsolete or no longer cost-effective to repair, equipment maintenance, building
biotechnology capacity, and analyzing unique products which cannot be validated
with traditional analytical laboratory instruments.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $439,000 for this program, all of
which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The funds were used to
provide general support and maintenance of the laboratories.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES 12-1
Buildings and Facilities 12-3
New Facilities 12-4
Repairs and Improvements 12-4
-------
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
APPROPRIATION $17,555.7 $40,000.0 $40,000.0 $13,000.0 -$27,000.0
OUTLAYS $15,136.0 $33,022.0 $33,022.0 $18,680.0 -$14,342.0
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS Authorization is by virtue of the Appropriation Act.
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BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Buildings and Facilities appropriation funds the design, construction,
repair and improvement of buildings occupied by EPA. The Agency currently has
ten Regional offices with associated Regional laboratories, two large research
and development laboratories, a number of field stations with laboratory
facilities and a large Headquarters complex.
This program provides a safe and healthful work environment for EPA
employees by providing for renovation upgrades, repair or replacement of our
facilities. We are directing major efforts towards implementing intermediate and
long-range plans which assess alternative housing options for EPA operations, as
well as continuing a repair program that protects the investment in EPA's real
property holdings. We are also upgrading and modifying current facilities to
more adequately and efficiently address Agency programs. We will place
particular emphasis on environmental compliance efforts in EPA facilities where
modifications are needed to accommodate storage of hazardous materials, removal
of asbestos and PCB's, upgrading fire and life safety systems, (such as
installation of sprinkler and detection systems and the removal of Halon
systems), and renovating HVAC systems to meet ventilation standards.
12-2
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BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
New Facilities
Buildings & Facilities
$6,073.9 $28,000.0 $28,000.0
TOTAL $6)073.9 $281000.0 $28|000.0
$500.0 -$27,500.0
$500.0 -$27)500.0
Repairs I Improvements
Buildings & Facilities $11,481.8 $12,000.0 $12,000.0 $12,500.0 $500.0
TOTAL $11)481.8 $12)000.0 $12)000.0 $12)500.0 $500.0
TOTAL:
Buildings & Facilities
$17,555.7 $40,000.0 $40,000.0 $13,000.0 -$27,000.0
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BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
Budget Request
The Agency requests $13,000,000 for the Buildings and Facilities
appropriation, a decrease of $27,000,000 from 1991.
NEW FACILITIES
1992 Progrflj Request
The Agency requests a total of $500,000 for this program, all of which will
be for the Building and Facilities appropriation. This represents a decrease of
$27,500,000 from 1991 which reflects a one-time expenditure for the Ann Arbor,
Christopher Columbus, and Kerr facilities. This request will provide funds to
design and construct daycare facilities.
In 1991, the Agency is allocating $28,000,000 for this program, all of which
is from the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. These funds are being used
for the purchase and upgrade of the Motor Vehicle Emission Laboratory in Ann
Arbor, Michigan, for the Christopher Columbus Center in Baltimore, Maryland, for
upgrading facilities at the Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory in
Ada, Oklahoma and to construct a day care center in Athens, Georgia. In addition
we will complete construction of the Gulf Breeze Biotechnology laboratory and the
Cincinnati Daycare Center.
Congressional Directives. A total of $27,500,000 is for Congress ionally directed
projects at Ann Arbor, Christopher Columbus Center, and Robert S. Kerr
Environmental Research Lab.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $6,073,900 for this program. These
funds were used to complete construction of a new marine research laboratory in
Newport, Oregon, and to complete the design of a lab for clinical inhalation
research in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In addition, we initiated the
construction on the new biotechnology lab in Gulf Breeze, Florida and continued
the design on the Superfund Lab in Edison, New Jersey. Construction was
completed on the new radiation lab in Montgomery, Alabama. A congress ionally
directed grant was awarded to the University of Nevada, Las Vegas for an addition
to its Environmental Research Center. A master plan was initiated for the
research laboratory at Ada, OK, and we began the design of an addition to the
laboratory.
REPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS
1992 Prpgrapi Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,500,000 for this program, all of which
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will be for the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. This represents an
increase of $500,000 from 1991. The increase will be used for health and safety
and environmental compliance projects. These funds will provide planning,
engineering design, and construction related to the repair and improvement of
buildings occupied by EPA. More specifically, these funds will be used* to
improve working conditions at the Waterside Mall Complex as well as necessary
retrofitting to implement the Master Space Plan; address critical repairs related
to employee health and safety (fire protection installation); enhance
environmental compliance efforts in EPA facilities (asbestos and underground
storage tank removal and hazardous materials storage); meet critical regional
build-out costs for space associated with the moves of the Chicago Regional
Office as well as the expansion of the Philadelphia and Dallas Regional Offices;
and provide for required alterations and repairs (electrical distribution, air
conditioning, emergency power for laboratory facilities).
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $12,000,000 for this program
all of which is from the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. These resources
are being used to provide facilities maintenance and repair in an effort to
prevent further deterioration of EPA facilities, to initiate environmental
compliance activities such as asbestos removal, to continue Underground Storage
Tank (UST) activities. We will continue health and safety improvements and
modifications to facilities, including fume hoods and critical HVAC upgrades and
upgraded space requirements associated with the move of the Chicago Regional
Office and build-out for expansion of the New York, Denver, Atlanta, Kansas City,
and Philadelphia Regional Offices and the continued retrofit of Waterside Mall,
as well as critical Health and Safety related Headquarters activities and indoor
air enhancements at Waterside Mall.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $11,481,800, all of which was from
the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. These resources were use . to
complete various health and safety and environmental comrliance improvements to
protect EPA employees, provide routine and emergency re; Lrs at multiple sites
throughout the nation and provide build-out for new office space in Boston, San
Francisco, and Headquarters and build-out for expansion of the Denver and Seattle
Regional Offices. In addition these funds allowed for ^rmanent enhancement to
the indoor air at Waterside Mall through upgrades to th ventilation system and
exhausting of copy center directly to the outside.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS 13-1
Construction Grants and State Revolving Funds 13-1
-------
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
APPROPRIATION $2439,611.9 2100,000.0 2100,000.0 1900,000.0 -$200,000.0
OUTLAYS $2289,945.0 2352,887,0 2352,887.0 2194,175.0 -$158,712.0
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS The Water Quality Act of 1987 reauthorized this program
at a level of $2,400,000,000 for each year 1987 through
1991, and $1,800,000,000 for 1992 for state revolving
funds.
13-1
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CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
Program Background
Since 1973 the construction grants program has completed about 8,100
construction projects and provided approximately $53,000,000,000 of Federal
investment in grant-assisted wastewater treatment works. There are currently
about 15,600 treatment plants in the nation serving 176 million people.
This program has been authorized since 1972 through Title II of the Clean
Water Act. The statute provides a formula for annual allotment of funds to
states and contains authorities for various funding set-asides to support
delegated state management (primarily 205(g), water quality management planning,
innovative and alternative technologies, and rural communities).
Program Transition
Legislative amendments in 1977 and 1981 made a number of significant
adjustments to the program which reduced the Federal role in financing project
grants and increased state responsibilities for direct grants management. In
1987, additional amendments resulted in fundamental changes to the program. The
traditional program of grants to communities for constructing facilities was now
replaced by grants to states to capitalize State Revolving Funds (SRFs). This
resulted in expanded state responsibilities and greater State autonomy in an
already extensively State-delegated program. Eight additional SRF programs were
added during 1990, resulting in 51 operational programs at the end of 1990.
The 1987 amendments also provided for the creation of several additional
set-asides from construction grants (Title II) funds. These set-asides include
national reserves for Indian tribe (and Alaska Native Village) wastewater
treatment grants, marine combined sewer overflow grants and funding for the
national estuary and nonpoint source programs. The set-asides have provided
significant financial support to these activities; however, they ended with the
final appropriation of Title II funds in 1990.
Program Completion
Funding for construction grants ended in 1990; however, a significant
workload of active grant projects will require state and Federal management well
into the 1990s. A small number of new construction grants will be made with
carryover and deobligated funds. At the close of 1991 over 4,900 active grant
projects, representing over $25,000,000,000 in Federal investment, will require
ongoing management. Projects not yet closed out by the end of 1992 represent
about 30 percent of all construction grants made since the program was authorized
and account for about 42 percent of the total Federal investment.
EPA is implementing a strategy that provides initiatives to expeditiously
complete the construction grants program in an efficient manner. The strategy
is based on effective management of 205(g) funds and an ongoing partnership among
EPA offices (including the Inspector General and Regions), the Corps of Engineers
and the state agencies. The strategy identifies the necessary level and mix of
13-2
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program resources to handle the completion workload while maintaining the
technical, environmental and financial integrity of the program.
State Revolving Fund
After 1990, the Construction Grants appropriation is directed to SRF
programs. The states are authorized to provide several forms of assistance,
primarily in the form of loans to communities for the construction of new and
upgraded wastewater treatment facilities needed to comply with Clean Water Act
requirements. Fifty states and Puerto Rico had established and are expected to
operate SRF programs in 1991 and beyond. By 1992, EPA expects to have awarded
about $5 billion of Federal funds to assist in capitalizing the SRFs. These
funds are further supplemented by required state match, overmatch and state
issued bonds.
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CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
Construction Grants and State Revolving Funds
Budget Request
The Agency requests $1,900,000,000 for the Construction Grants
appropriation, a decrease of $200,000,000 in the total appropriation from 1991.
Funding for the traditional Construction Grants program ended in 1990 replaced
by State Revolving Funds (SRF), in accordance with the statutorily mandated
phase-out of this program. Funding for SRFs will decrease $563,500,000 below
1991, reflecting progress made in the Administration's effort to ensure SRFs will
be adequately capitalized by 1994.
1992 Program Request
The Agency's request of $1,900,000,000 will be devoted mainly to
capitalizing SRF programs. This level of funding will enable the Agency to
continue to establish the long-term viability of SRF programs and ensure that
states can provide financial assistance to communities for construction of new
and upgraded wastewater treatment facilities needed to comply with Clean Water
Act requirements.
Of the $1,900,000,000, the Agency requests $100,000,000 for funding of the
U.S. share for construction of an international wastewater treatment plant to
treat Tijuana sewage consistent with the recently signed agreement with Mexico
amending the U.S./Mexico Border Water Quality Agreement. Also part of the
$1,900,000,000 total request for the construction grants appropriation, is
$300,000,000 for 55% Federally cost-shared grants to construct facilities needed
to achieve secondary treatment levels in Boston ($100,000,000), New York
($70,000,000), Los Angeles ($55,000,000), San Diego ($40,000,000) and Seattle
($35,000,000).
The request also includes $16,500,000 for water quality cooperative
agreements which represents no change from the 1991 funding level. These funds
will address more nontraditional pollution problems, such as combined sewer
overflows and storm water in targeted areas. Water quality cooperative
agreements will be available to develop or modify National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) programs and sludge programs; and to provide NPDES
state training, demonstrations, investigations, studies, and surveys relating to
the requirements of the Clean Water Act (CWA).
NPDES state activities eligible for funds include building capabilities for
unique permitting, pretreatment and enforcement needs such as toxic pollutant
controls, sludge disposal or use, storm water or combined sewer overflows.
Multi-media enforcement pilot projects and pollution prevention demonstrations
will also be eligible. The Section 603(d) set-aside for SRF administration and
Section 604(b) set-aside for planning and management activities under Title VI
will continue.
Gross obligations for the 1992 construction grants appropriation will total
approximately $2,170,000,000. Obligations for traditional construction grants
projects will total approximately $240,000,000, and approximately $1,930,000,000
13-4
-------
is for the SRF program. A total of 33 new construction grants awards will be
made from carryover and deobligated funds. Gross outlays are projected to be
$2,457,000,000, $1,134,000,000 for construction grants and $1,323,000,000 for the
SRF program.
In 1992, fifty states and Puerto Rico will have operating SRF programs. A
total workload of approximately 4,333 construction grants projects will remain
active at the end of 1992.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,100,000,000 from the
Construction Grants/State Revolving Fund appropriation, $2,047,000,000 of which
is devoted to capitalize the SRF program. The 1991 appropriation also includes
$35,700,000 stipulated for Title V projects in Boston Harbor ($20,000,000), and
to treat Tijuana sewage ($15,700,000), and $16,500,000 for the Water Quality
Cooperative Agreement program under Section 104(b)(3).
Gross obligations for the Construction Grants program total approximately
$492,000,000 and approximately $2,019,000,000 for the SRF program. Net outlays
will total approximately $2,353,000,000; $1,516,000,000 for construction grants
and $837,000,000 for the SRF program.
Fifty-one SRF programs are operating in 1991. A total of 117 new
construction grants project awards are being made from carryover and deobligated
construction grants funds, resulting in a total active workload of approximately
4,939 construction grants projects by the end of 1991. States continue to use
remaining Section 205(g) management assistance funds for state management of
construction grants activities. The Agency is continuing to work with states to
accelerate plans to complete the construction grants program. Approximately
$4,700,000 appropriated in 1990 for the Indian grants set-aside under Title II
will provide funds to five Indian Tribes and three Alaska Native Villages in
1991. No further Indian set-aside funding is authorized. The Section 603(d)
set-aside for SRF administration and Section 604(b) set-aside for planning and
management activities under Title VI are continuing.
The Agency is also allocating a total of $16,500,000 for water quality
cooperative agreements. This funding partially offsets the reductions in Federal
grant funds available to states under the construction grant set-asides, which
no longer exist after 1990. Section 104(b)(3) of the CWA allows EPA to award
grants as part of cooperative agreements to state water pollution control
agencies to conduct investigations, experiments, training exercises,
demonstrations and surveys to determine the causes, effects and extent of
pollution. It also allows EPA to institute measures to prevent, reduce and
eliminate pollution.
Although these grant funds are available to states for activities
previously funded under the set-asides, funds are targeted to states that commit
to achieving concrete results, with the understanding that the funds serve as
"seed money" to help states address many of the newer CWA requirements.
Cooperative agreements are targeted to states that have assumed full
responsibility for administering the NPDES and/or pretreatment programs and are
13-5
-------
available for specific activities related to permits, pretreatment and
enforcement. For instance, States can finance the development of new complex
permits with requirements for combined sewer overflows, stormwater discharges,
sludge disposal, pretreatment and pollution prevention.
1990 Accomplishments
Funding for the construction grants program and Section 205(g) set-aside for
management of delegated projects ended in 1990; however, states will continue to
use carryover and deobligated funds until expended. Gross obligations totaled
$1,040,000,000 for construction grants and $1,344,000,000 for the SRF program.
This funding supported 251 Title II grant awards and resulted in a total active
workload of 5,796 grant projects at the end of 1990. Federal outlays totaled
$1,892,945,000 for construction grants and $398,000,000 for the SRF program.
States were eligible to use $49,800,000 under Section 205(g) of Title II. Under
Title VI, states were eligible to use $38,900,000 for Section 603(d) SRF
administration and $10,600,000 for Section 604(b) water quality management and
planning activities.
The 1990 Construction Grants appropriation included $44,700,000 which
Congress stipulated for Boston Harbor ($19,200,000), Des Moines ($18,800,000) and
Tijuana ($6,700,000) projects. Authorizations for these activities are contained
in Sections 513, 515, and 510, respectively, of the Water Quality Act of 1987.
The Agency worked with the affected jurisdictions to develop and implement plans
for the use of these funds consistent with their authorized purposes.
13-6
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
SUPERFUND 14-1
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Substance Research 14-8
Scientific Assessment 14-15
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance 14-17
Health Effects 14-18
Environmental Engineering and Technology 14-19
Environmental Processes and Effects 14-21
Exploratory Research 14-22
Technical Information and Liaison 14-24
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE
Hazardous Substance Response 14-26
Hazardous Spill and Site Response 14-27
Hazardous Substance Response - Support 14-39
Hazardous Substance Response - Office of Water 14-40
Hazardous Substance Response - Office of Air and Radiation . . 14-43
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency 14-45
Department of Health and Human Services 14-46
Department of Justice 14-48
United States Coast Guard 14-49
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 14-50
Department of the Interior 14-51
Federal Emergency Management Agency 14-52
Occupational Safety and Health Administration 14-52
ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement 14-54
Hazardous Substance Technical Enforcement .... 14-56
Hazardous Substance Legal Enforcement 14-58
Hazardous Substance Criminal Investigations 14-61
Hazardous Substance Technical Support - Office of Enforcement . 14-62
Hazardous Substance Federal Facilities Enforcement 14-64
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Hazardous Substance Management and Support 14-68
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Headquarters .... 14-72
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Regions 14-73
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Headquarters . 14-73
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Regions .... 14-74
Hazardous Substance Contracts and Grants
Management - Headquarters 14-75
Hazardous Substance Contracts and Grants
Management - Regions 14-76
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Headquarter* 14-77
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Regions 14-77
Hazardous Substance Computer Services 14-78
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Headquarters 14-78
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Regions 14-79
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Inspector General 14-80
Hazardous Substance - Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation 14-81
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Comptroller 14-83
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Administrator 14-84
Hazardous Substance - Office of Research
and Development - Management and Support 14-85
-------
ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
SUPERFUND
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST INCREASE +
1992 DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Office of Inspector
General
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL, Superfund
$9,729.5 $13,106.4 $13,106.4 $14,954.0 $1,847.6
$1602,844.3 1616,228.0 1616,228.0 1750,000.0 $133,772.0
$1612,573.8 1629,334.4 1629.334.4 1764,954.0 $135,619.6
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
TOTAL UORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
3,198.0 3,416.1 3,416.1 3,698.1 282.0
3.394.1 3,552.0 3,552.0 3,698.1 146.1
$1148,321.8 1370,372.2 1370,372.2 1527,837.0 $157,464.8
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,
and Liability Act, as amended, authorizes a total of
$5,100.000,000 for this progra* for 1992 through 1994.
14-1
-------
SUPERFUND
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
of 1980 (CERCLA), as amended, charges the Agency with the responsibility of
providing emergency response for hazardous substances released into the
environment and the remediation of inactive hazardous waste disposal sites. The
Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation finances the required activities to
implement CERCLA primarily through taxes levied on oil and chemical
manufacturers, a chemical feed-stock tax, a corporate environmental tax, and
general revenues.
The Agency will respond to releases of hazardous substances, pollutants,
and contaminants by either compelling potentially responsible parties (PRPs) to
undertake the response action, or by conducting a removal or remedial action.
Removal actions are generally short-term emergency responses taken to abate an
immediate threat posed by the uncontrolled release of hazardous substances.
Remedial actions involve long-term and more permanent cleanup remedies taken
instead of, or in addition to, removal actions. The program will continue to
select sites for remedial action from the National Priorities List (NPL) and to
undertake all response actions in accordance with the National Contingency Plan.
Additionally, the Agency is now incorporating a more balanced approach to
Superfund cleanup actions. That is, the Agency is now beginning the process of
"turning-the-pipeline" toward the final cleanup phases and adjusting our
expectations on new "front-end" work.
While the Agency has the primary responsibility for implementing the
program, the Agency works closely with a variety of other Federal agencies and
the states to carry out the Act. The Agency undertakes five major activities in
implementing the Superfund program: Enforcement; Hazardous Substance Response;
Interagency Support; Research and Development; and Management and Support. The
effective implementation of these activities involves close cooperation among
various Agency offices, the states, Indian tribes, and other Federal agencies.
Increased Emphasis on Response Cleanup Actions
The Response program works to accomplish two major goals: to stabilize
actual or potential threats from releases of hazardous substances; and to ensure
that environmental threats posed by uncontrolled hazardous waste sites are
addressed quickly and effectively. These objectives are incorporated into the
Agency's policy of addressing the worst sites first.
In 1992, the Superfund program will continue to build on the
recommendations established in the Superfund Management Review (SMR). With the
completion of the SMR in 1989, many management and programmatic principles were
introduced to promote an integrated cleanup and enforcement program. In 1992,
the emphasis will be on Federally-funded cleanup and support for greater PRP
accountability in final construction as more sites move to the cleanup stages.
The Agency is also instituting a more balanced approach to final cleanup actions
by managing the level of new and ongoing site cleanup activity in the Superfund
pipeline.
14-2
-------
Efforts will also be directed toward building public confidence in the
Superfund program. In support of this effort, the Response program will
concentrate on various methods to measure and publicize program progress, such
as the NPM Site Summary book and the document "Reporting on Progress Through
Environmental Indicators." The established practice of measuring cleanup actions
against previously set targets will be examined. The program is developing and
implementing environmental indicators to provide new measurements of actual
environmental progress that augment the traditional method of program
measurement. The indicators will measure the achievement of health and
ecological goals specified in the Record of Decision; the amount of contaminated
material contained, treated or removed; and control of an immediate threat to
human health through exposure to hazardous materials.
Enforcement-First Program Continues
The Agency's "enforcement-first" strategy is designed to compel PRPs to
conduct cleanup actions at sites they are responsible for. This strategy
involves efforts to identify PRPs in the initial stages of site remediation.
Through negotiated administrative settlements for pre-remedial actions and
settlements incorporated a Consent Decree for remedial design and construction,
the Agency will continue to maximize PRP response.
Where negotiations are unsuccessful, unilateral administrative orders are
issued, backed by the threat of treble damages, if a Fund-financed response is
required. In some cases, a CERCLA Section 106 judicial action is undertaken to
compel a privately-financed response. In cases where PRPs do not respond in a
timely manner or fail to comply with the provisions of a Consent Decree,
enforcement actions are taken. PRP responses resulting from settlements and
judgments will be managed, implemented, and monitored for compliance and, where
necessary, stipulated penalties will be invoked. Throughout the stage prior to
remedy selection, efforts will continue to identify additional PRPs. Non-
settlers will be vigorously pursued for cost recovery, with the focus on cases
subject to a statute of limitation deadline.
The Agency will enter into agreements with the states to encourage their
active involvement in the Superfund program. Through these agreements, the
Agency will provide technical assistance as the states compel PRP response under
state authorities and oversee privately funded response actions. The enforcement
program will also provide oversight of response and technical assistance to other
Federal agencies that are addressing uncontrolled hazardous sites at facilities
owned or operated by that agency.
Special Expertise of Other Federal Agencies
The Agency manages an interagency budget process under Executive Order
12580, that integrates the efforts of the Departments of Health and Human
Services, Justice, Transportation, Commerce, Interior, Labor, and the Federal
Emergency Management Agency as part of our requirement for CERCLA. The
activities of other Federal agencies are divided into two basic categories. The
first category includes specific site or spill response actions. The second
category involves the support of on-going activities which are generally not
incident-specific. These activities include: developing program policies and
guidance; conducting health research; training response personnel; litigating
civil and criminal cases; and providing scientific and technical advice to EPA
14-3
-------
cm-scene coordinators.
The Department of Health and Human Services provides the largest supporting
element to Superfund activities through the work of the Agency for Toxic
Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the National Institute- for
Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). ATSDR will: provide health assessments
at NPL and non-NPL sites; enhance and maintain toxicology data bases for
chemicals found at sites; and provide health consultations for emergency
responses. NZEHS will: continue its basic research grant program of conducting
biomedial studies investigating new and unique methodologies to measure levels
of exposure and its effects on humans; and will continue the grant program for
training workers at hazardous waste sites.
Other Federal agencies will provide support for EPA as follows: the
Department of Justice will conduct litigation and provide legal advice to achieve
PRP actions or cost recovery; and the U.S. Coast Guard will respond to spills of
hazardous substances in the coastal zone and Great Lakes waters and will maintain
the National Response Center. All agencies together enable EPA to carry out an
aggressive enforcement effort to respond more effectively and efficiently to
emergencies and long-term response actions.
Continuing Research and Development
The Superfund Research program provides the scientific and technical information
necessary to resolve technical problems which inhibit the effective
implementation of removal and remedial actions at Superfund sites. Scientific
information on risk assessment, monitoring methodologies, innovative and
alternate cleanup technologies, health effects, and the environmental processes
associated with the cleanup of hazardous substances, is provided to the Regions,
state and local government, private industry, and other decision-makers. The
Agency will support technology transfer of its research findings to encourage
implementation of improved methods and practices.
Research emphasis will continue on the development of innovative treatment
technologies for use in cleanup actions under the Superfund Innovative Technology
(SITE) program, and on the evaluation of naturally occurring or improved
microorganisms (bioremediation) for their ability to degrade hazardous substance
in a cost effective and environmentally sound manner. Increased emphasis will
be placed on the provision of site-specific technical support to Regions and
states for risk assessment, site characterization, and the selection of remedial
alternatives.
Ensuring Integrity of Trust Fund
The Agency will continue to decentralize the Superfund Contracting program
by placing the balance of Regional contracting officers in the field. This will
provide greater assurances that site-specific contracting needs are effectively
addressed. Likewise, the Agency will place Superfund Grants management personnel
in the Regions to manage and oversee Superfund Cooperative and Interagency
Agreements, and Technical Assistance Grants. The Agency will also continue to
increase its efforts to combat fraud, waste, and abuse in Superfund Federal
assistance and procurement programs.
Financial management services will continue to ensure the financial
14-4
-------
integrity of Superfund site-specific cost accounting data and provide timely and
accurate reports to Regional and Headquarters managers.
Consulting Services
In 1992, the program will carry out corrective activity for identified
weaknesses in its management of the Superfund program. Specifically, the Agency
will implement the long-term contracting strategy for the Superfund program.
This strategy, identifies the improved contract management initiatives outlined
in the SMR.
14-5
-------
SUPERFUND
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
Incremental Outputs
CURRENT
ACTUAL ESTIMATE REQUEST
1990 1991 1992
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992-VS.
1991
ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS
Response Enforcement
106 Civil Actions
Remedial Administrative Orders
Other Administrative Orders
Criminal Referrals
Criminal Investigations
60
44
179
1
2
86
50
184
10
4
55
54
184
10
4
-31
+4
0
0
0
Cost Recovery
107 Referrals....
Administrative *.
79
41
68
27
75
20
+7
-7
RESPONSE ACTIONS
Removal Actions
Fund Financed.
PRP Response..
Pre-remedial Actions
Preliminary Assessments
Site Inspections
Remedial Investigations/
Feasibility Studies
253
98
1,592
1,902
190
64
1,580
1,916
190
103
1,575
1,690
0
+39
-5
-226
Fund Financed.
PRP Response..
Remedial Designs
Fund Financed.
PRP Response..
Remedial Actions
Fund Financed.
PRP Response..
40
57
29
51
19
23
12
22
24
59
18
37
10
40
40
65
21
66
-2
+ 18
+16
+6
+3
+29
This activity includes administrative plus voluntary cost recoveries and
cost recoveries resulting from demand letters.
14-6
-------
SUPERFUND
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
Cununulative Outputs
ACTUAL
1990
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST
1992
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992 VS.
1991
ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS
Response Enforcement
106 Civil Actions
Remedial Administrative Orders
Other Administrative Orders
Criminal Referrals
Criminal Investigations
Cost Recovery
107 Referrals
Administrative *
RESPONSE ACTIONS
Removal Actions
Fund Financed
PRP Response
Pre-remedial Actions
Preliminary Assessments
Site Inspections
Remedial Investigations/
Feasibility Studies
Fund Financed
PRP Response
Remedial Designs
Fund Financed
PRP Response
Remedial Actions
Fund Financed
PRP Response
251
152
842
1
12
398
311
337
202
1,026
11
16
466
338
392
256
1,210
21
20
541
358
+55
+54
+184
+10
+4
+75
+20
1,523
494
30,025
12,660
1,713
558
31,605
14,576
1,903
661
33,180
16,266
+190
+103
+1,575
+! 690
570
315
229
199
154
149
582
337
253
258
172
186
592
377
293
323
193
252
+10
+40
+40
+65
+21
+66
This activity includes administrative plus voluntary cost recoveries and
cost recoveries resulting from demand letters.
14-7
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
SUPERFUND
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Substance Research 14-8
Scientific Assessment 14-15
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance . 14-17
Health Effects 14-18
Environmental Engineering and Technology 14-19
Environmental Processes and Effects 14-21
Exploratory Research 14-22
Technical Information and Liaison 14-24
-------
SUPER FUND
Hazardous Substances Research
ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991 ,
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
REQUEST INCREASE +
1992 DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
Scientific A**ecMent-
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Monitoring Systems £
Quality Assurance -
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Health Effects -
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL
$3,866.6 $4,234.3 $4,234.3 $4,245.1
$3,866.6 $4,234.3 $4,234.3 $4,245.1
$12,290.3 $11,903.2 $11,903.2 $11,684.3
TOTAL $12,290.3 $11,903.2 $11,903.2 $11,684.3
$3,507.0 $3,466.5 $3.466.5 $3,462.0
TOTAL $3,507.0 $3,466.5 $3,466.5 $3,462.0
Environmental
Engineering t
Technology - Superfund
Superfuno
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Superfund
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
$44,329.5 $34,735.7 $34,735.7 $29,468.7
TOTAL $44,329.5 $34,735.7 $34.735.7 $29,468.7
TOTAL
$4,941.3 $7,087.5 $7,087.5 $7,288.4
$4,941.3 $7,087.5 $7,087.5 $7,288.4
$10.8
$10.8
-$218.9
-$218.9
-$4.5
-$4.5
-$5,267.0
-$5,267.0
$200.9
$200.9
Technical Infometion
And Liaison- Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Exploratory Research
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substances
Research
$1,234.1 $915.7 $915.7 $1.008.1 $92.4
TOTAL $1,234.1 $915.7 $915.7 $1,008.1 $92.4
$7,700.7 $10,555.5 $10,555.5 $9,315.8 -$1,239.7
TOTAL $7,700.7 $10,555.5 $10,555.5 $9,315.8 -$1,239.7
$77,869.5 $72,898.4 $72,898.4 $66.472.4 -$6,426.0
TOTAL $77,869.5 $72,898.4 $72,898.4 $66,472.4 -$6,426.0
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment-
Superfund
Monitoring Systems I
Duality Assurance -
Superfund
Health Effects -
Superfund
Environmental
Engineering t
Technology - Superfund
Superfund
13.8
27.8
3.1
56.4
16.6
27.2
3.0
56.8
16.6
27.2
3.0
56.8
16.6
27.2
3.0
56.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
14-8
-------
ACTUAL
1990
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substances Research
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991 N^
REQUEST INCREASE +
1992 DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
I Effects - Superfund
Superfund
9.7
20.5
20.5
20.5
0.0
Technical Infomation
And Liaison- Superfund
Exploratory Research -
Superfund
3.7
1.0
5.0
1.0
5.0
1.0
5.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
TOTAL PERMANENT UORCTEARS
117.5
130.1
130.1
130.1
0.0
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment-
Superfund
Monitoring Systems I
Quality Assurance -
Superfund
Health Effects -
Superfund
EnvironmentaI
Engineering I
Technology - Superfund
Superfund
Environmental Processes
t Effects - Superfund
Technical Infomation
And Liaison- Superfund
Exploratory Research -
Superfund
TOTAL WORKYEARS
U.5
28.0
3.1
62.5
10.2
4.5
1.0
123.8
16.6
27.2
3.0
56.8
20.5
5.0
1.0
130.1
16.6
27.2
3.0
56.8
20.5
5.0
1.0
130.1
16.6
27.2
3.0
56.8
20.5
5.0
1.0
130.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
14-9
-------
SOPERFUND
Hazardous Substance^ Research
Principal Outputs
1992;
Scientific Asseesment
o Final Report and International Symposium on Results of Urban Soil
Lead Abatement Demonstration Project
o 20-30 Health and Environmental Effects Documents
o 25-30 Independent Reportable Quantity Chronic Toxicity Documents
o 15-20 Reportable Quantity Documents Combining Chronic Toxicity and
Carcinogenicity Endpoints
o Interim Report: Approaches for Risk Assessment for Less-Than-
Lifetime Exposure Based on Limited Data
o Software to Predict Toxicity Based on Computer Assisted Structure-
Activity Relationships (SAR)
o Report: Integration of Severity of Effect into the Risk Assessment
of Chemical Mixtures
o Draft Field Guide/Users Manual for Risk Assessment of Chemical
Mixtures
o Draft Report: Integrating Risk Assessment Software (jointly with
Hazardous Haste)
o Methodology for Assessing Exposure to Volatile Substances in Indoor
Air
o Model for Dermal Exposure from Soils
o Final Report: In Vitro to In Vivo Extrapolation - Metabolic
Parameters
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance
o Annual Report on Quality Assurance Support to the Contract
Laboratory Program
Health Effects
o Post-Closure Biomonitoring: Application for Health Hazard
Identification; A Strategy
14-10
-------
Environmental Engineering and Technology
o Prototype Remedial Action Response Construction Cost Estimating
System \
o A Complete Pilot-scale Treatment Train for Extracting Lead and Lead
Compounds from Soil
o Report on Radio Frequency Heating for Treatment of Soils
Contaminated with Wood Preserving Chemicals
o Report on Technology Selection for Hood Preserving Site Remediation
o Guidance on Conducting Solvent Extraction and Thermal De-sorption
Treatability Studies
o Applications Analysis Reports on Evaluations Conducted Under the
SITE Program
Environmental Processes and Effects
o Report on Uses of Isolated Natural Organisms to Enhance
Bioremediation of Mixed Hazardous Wastes
o Report on Extent of Treatment of Hazardous Constituents in Complex
Oily Wastes
o Interim Guidelines for Evaluation of Marine Ecosystems Associated
with Superfund Sites
o Report on Case Studies of Application of Currently-Available
Ecological Risk Assessment Methods at Selected Hazardous Waste Sites
Exploratory Research
o Annual Report on the Hazardous Substances Research Centers
Technical Information and Liaison
o Annual Report on Technology Transfer Activities
1991;
Scientific Assessment
o 20-30 Health Effects Chapters and Report able Quantity Chapters or
HEEDs
o 15 Reportable Quantity Documents Combining Chronic Toxicity and
Carcinogenicity Endpoints
o 25-30 Independent Reportable Quantity Chronic Toxicity Documents
o Individual Project Reports from 3 Participating Cities in Urban Soil
14-11
-------
Lead Abatement Demonstration Project
o Report: Proposed Approaches for Risk Assessment for Less-Than-
Lifetime Exposure
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance
o Report on New Analytical Methods for Analyses Not Measurable by
Standard Techniques
o Report on the Use of Canister Based Samples for Air Pathway
Monitoring Volatiles at Superfund Sites
o Annual Report on Quality Assurance Support to the Contract
Laboratory Program
Health Effects
o Biomarkers of Exposure to Superfund PAHs
o Procedures to Assess Relative Toxicity Across Several Target Groups
Environmental Engineering and Technoloqrv
o Prototype ARARs Screening System for Federal Regulations
o Evaluation of Anaerobic Treatment of Volatile Organic Compounds in
High Strength Industrial Wastes
o Testing and Evaluation of Thermal De-sorption Treatment for Soil
Remediation
o Technology Transfer Products to Inform Farm Workers of the Dangers
of Using Pesticides and the Protection Available
o Guidance on Conducting Soil Vapor Extraction Treatability Studies
o Report on Technology Selection for Lead Battery Recycling Site
Remediation
o Bulletins on Soil Vapor Extraction, Thermal De-sorption and Soils
Washing Treatment Technologies
o SITE Annual Report to Congress
o Applications Analysis Reports on Evaluations Conducted Under the
SITE Program
o Report on the Development of Methodology for Determining the
Reliability of Flexible Membrane Liners
Environmental Processes and Effects
o Report on Field Demonstration of Nitrate Use for In-Situ
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Bioremediation of Hazardous Hastes
o Report on In-Situ Biodegradation of Carbon Tetrachloride Under
Denitrifying Conditions \
o Summary of OEPER Technical Support to Headquarters and Regions on
Superfund Activities
o Protocol for Evaluating Effectiveness of Ground-Water Remediation
Activities at Superfund Sites
o Report on Plants That Can Be Used as Sentinel Species for
Phytotoxicity at Superfund Sites
o Report on Use of DNA Adjuncts as a Measure of Exposure of Wildlife
at Superfund Sites
Exploratory Research
o Annual Report on the Hazardous Substance Research Centers
Technical Information and Liaison
o Annual Report on Technology Transfer Activities
1990;
Scientific Assessment
o 29 Health and Environmental Effects Documents
o 28 Independent Reportable Quantity Documents
o Establishment and Operation of Technical Support Center
o Report: Air Exposure to Drinking Water Volatiles
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance
o Annual Report on Quality Assurance Support to the Contract
Laboratory Program
o Annual Report on Development and Demonstration of Immunoassay
Detection System for Rapid Screening at Superfund Sites
o Evaluation of Pentachlorophenol Immunoassay
Health Effects
o Graphic Activity Profiles for the First 100 Superfund Priority
Chemicals
o Chemical Mixtures Health Research Strategy
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Environmental Engineering and Technology
o Technical Guidance Document on Emerging Technology for the Treatment
of Metal-Bearing Wastes \
o Handbook on In-Situ Treatment of Hazardous Haste
o Interim Report on Improvement of Worker Safety via Robotics,
Automation, and Task Modification
o Guidance on Conducting Treatability Studies under CERCLA
o Workshop on Explosive Waste Site Remediation
o Report on Inventory of Treatability Study Vendors
o SITE Annual Report to Congress
Environmental Processes and Effects
o Report on Enhancing Biodegradation of a Gasoline Spill in Ground
Water
o Manual on Practical Field Methods for Measuring Hydrologic
Properties of Contaminated Aquifers
o Report on Basics of Pump-and-Treat Ground-Water Remediation
Technology
o Assessment of Biosystems Research and Application to Remediation of
Contaminated Sites
o Report on Exposure and Ecological Risk Assessment Methodologies
o User's Manual on Use of Geostatistical Models for Managing Soil and
Water Contamination
o Report on Application of Biomarkers for Characterizing Complex
Mixtures at Marine Superfund Sites
Exploratory Research
o Annual Report on the Hazardous Substance Research Centers
Technical Information and Liaison
o Annual Report on Technology Transfer Activities
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $66,472,400 supported by 130.1 total
workyears for 1992, a decrease of $6,426,000 and no change in total workyears
over the 1991 level. The request will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. The decrease in funding reflects the Agency's reallocation of
resources to other Superfund program priorities, the completion of certain
research activities and the transfer of the Scientific Instrumentation component
to the Management and Support area of the budget.
Program Objectives
The Superfund research and development program provides a core of
scientific and technical information to support implementation of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) as
amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA). The
research program concentrates on assessing the health and environmental risks
posed by Superfund sites and on developing and evaluating equipment and
techniques for discovering, assessing, preventing, removing, and disposing of
hazardous substances released into the environment.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,245,100 supported by 16.6 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents an increase of $10,800 and no change in total
workyears.
ORD will perform risk assessments to enable on-site coordinators and
remedial project managers to quickly and effectively assess the degree of hazards
posed at specific uncontrolled waste sites. Chemical and situation-specific
risks assessments will be prepared to assist the Superfund program office, the
Enforcement office, and Regions in evaluating the degree of hazard at
uncontrolled waste sites during the remedial investigation and feasibility study
(RI/FS) process. Specific activities will include the preparation of the health
effects portion of Health and Environmental Effects Documents (HEEDs).
ORD will provide support for Superfund emergency response actions by
ranking and assigning reportable quantities to chemicals based upon either
carcinogenicity or chronic health effects information. These two risk
categories are among those which are considered by -the program office in
adjusting Reportable Quantity amounts of given hazardous substances to reflect
the potential hazard associated with their release into the environment. This
work will include preparation of chemical-specific health effects documentation.
ORD will provide technical support to Program and Regional offices, and
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prepare site- and chemical-specific health assessments to assess the relative
health risk associated with remedial activities at Superfund sites. The Regional
Risk Assessment Review Group will conduct reviews of risk assessments submitted
by EPA Regional offices. A Technical Support Center for health and risk
assessment provides site-specific assistance to Regional, State, and local
officials. This includes the provision of risk assessment advice on a rapid
turnaround (48-hour) basis.
ORD will develop toxicity assessments, risk characterization, and exposure
assessment techniques. Screening techniques for early detection of adverse
health effects, and improved measurement techniques for non-cancer health end-
points will be developed. An extensive program of pharmacokinetics modeling,
exposure assessment methodology development, and assessment methodology for
chemical mixtures is also planned.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,234,300 supported by 16.6
total workyears for this program, all of which is for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
ORD is preparing site-, chemical-, and situation-specific exposure and risk
assessments to assist Superfund operations, enforcement efforts, and the Regional
offices in evaluating alternative cleanup decisions at uncontrolled Superfund
sites. Activities include developing health effects assessments, and providing
risk assessment advice on a rapid turnaround basis. ORD is providing chemical-
specific data on carcinogenicity and on chronic effects to support the Superfund
activities necessary to adjust or establish the Reportable Quantities (RQ) for
hazardous substances. Of specific note, the reevaluation of the carcinogenicity
of lead will be completed.
A Technical Support Center for health and risk assessment is operational,
with an average of 5000 requests received yearly, including requests from all
Regions and States.
Ongoing research program in pharmacokinetics modeling, evaluation of
complex exposures, understanding of reproductive and developmental effects at
Superfund sites, and evaluation of chemical mixtures is being conducted.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,866,600 supported by 14.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
ORD produced 29 health and environmental effects documents, 50 rapid
response health assessments, and 28 carcinogenic and chronic health effects
documents for hazardous substances to support Reportable Quantity activities.
Reevaluations of the carcinogenicity of lead were conducted for the Superfund
office. ORD also assisted with health and risk assessments of sites for
enforcement purposes. Thirteen toxicological profiles were completed in 1990.
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MONITORING gYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1992 Program Request
\
The Agency requests a total of $11,684,300 supported by 27.2 total
workyeare for this program, which will only be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. This represents a decrease of $218,900 and no change
in total workyears. The decrease in funding reflects a reallocation of
additional resources.
ORD will provide techniques and procedures to allow on-site coordinators
and remedial project managers to quickly and effectively evaluate the degree of
hazards posed at specific uncontrolled waste sites. Monitoring procedures for
all media will be evaluated, validated, and standardized. Researchers will
develop analytical protocols, sampling techniques, collect data approaches, air
monitoring techniques, sample preparation methods, automated data transfer
techniques, geophysical methods, and land remote sensing techniques.
ORD will provide site-specific technical assistance, monitoring, and
characterization support to the Regions in response to their needs for accurate
and precise site-specific data. Aerial imagery, photographic interpretation, and
maps for pre- and post remedial site assessment and oversight reviews for the
monitoring portions of settlement agreements will be provided. In addition, ORD
will provide technical support for ground water sampling, network design,
geophysical techniques, and analytical methods.
ORD will conduct field sampling quality assurance research. This research
will improve the precision and accuracy of data collection methods used for all
media at Superfund sites. Procedures which are now primarily used in the
laboratory will be adapted and further developed for field use to provide more
complete, expedient, and cost-effective field monitoring techniques and methods
will accelerate site cleanup and reduce cost.
ORD will focus on developing, evaluating, and standardizing analytical and
sampling methods; developing of sampling designs and techniques for managing and
interpreting field data. Immunoassay systems, fiber optics, chemical sensors,
and x-ray fluorescence will be studied for field detection of organic compounds
and wastes contaminated with radionuclides. New screening methods for exposure
assessment (exposure biomarkers) will be developed.
ORD will provide quality assurance support to the Contract Laboratory
Program (CLP) to ensure that data of known and documented quality are used in the
Superfund program. Quality assurance reference materials, such as calibration
standards, quality control samples and performance evaluation samples, will be
prepared and distributed for analysis by contract laboratories. The analytical
data generated by the laboratories will be audited to assess laboratory
performance. Pre-award and post-award on-site contract laboratory inspections
will be performed to complement the performance evaluations.
ORD will demonstrate and evaluate innovative monitoring technologies in a
cooperative program with the private sector to determine the applicability of the
technology for Superfund site assessment and pollutant characterization.
Technologies to be investigated will be selected from promising candidates
currently being researched and/or developed in the private sector and by ORD.
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1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $11,903,200 supported by 27.2
total workyears for this program, all of which ie for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
ORD is evaluating innovative technologies that offer potentially
significant cost and tine savings to Superfund site investigations. A range of
technologies will be studied in the area of advanced field monitoring methods,
including field portable x-ray technology for metals detection, fiber optic
technology for in-situ ground water monitoring, immunoassay methods for organics
detection, field portable gas chromatography for volatile organics monitoring,
and canister-based air samplers for detection of volatile organics. Field
sampling quality assurance research, introduced in 1989, will focus on developing
standardized sampling guidance and audit procedures. ORD will continue to
provide site-specific technical assistance, remote sensing operations,
geophysical techniques sample collection and monitoring, Geographic Information
Systems (GIS) and quality assurance.
Congressional Directives; A total of $495,000 is for the Congressionally
directed project at the Energy and Environmental Research Center at the
University of North Dakota.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $12,290,300 supported by 28.0
total workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
Site-specific technical assistance was provided by ORD. Topographic maps
and aerial images (photographs) were analyzed as part of the program's remote
sensing support. Support was provided to enhance user competency of Geographic
Information Systems (GIS). ORD also provided quality assurance support,
including reference materials, performance evaluation samples, and laboratory
audits to EPA Regional offices.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,462,000 supported by 3.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents a decrease of $4,500 and no change in total
workyears.
This program provides data and methods to improve the Superfund risk
assessment process. The chemical mixtures component will evaluate the additivity
assumption used in mixtures assessments by focusing on polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The b.^markers
component will focus on DNA/protein adducts. Researchers will develop age and
species-dependent models, structure activity-relationship approaches and user-
friendly hazard identification techniques. Biological assays for use in five
year site reviews will be developed.
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1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,466,500 supported by 3.0
total workyears for this program, all of which is for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
ORD is providing improved evaluation measures and data to detect, assess,
and evaluate human health risk from hazardous substances at Superfund sites,
including evaluation of the additivity assumption used in mixtures risk
assessment, and studies to improve our understanding of the use of biomarkers for
exposure and effects assessment and to support development of dosimetric models.
Biological assays are being developed to assess residual toxicity at sites.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,507,000 supported by 3.1 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substances
Superfund appropriation.
The first phase of a program to assess biomarkers of neurotoxicity was
completed. In addition, a draft of a complex mixtures research strategy was
completed. The strategy will be reviewed by the Science Advisory Board in 1991.
Graphic activity profiles have now been completed for the first 100 Superfund
priority chemicals. Reports on the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of
particle bound organics and the use of cross-species extrapolation models for use
in inhalation risk assessment were completed.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $29,468,700 supported by 56.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. The represents a decrease of $5,267,000 and no change
in workyears. The decrease in funding reflects a reallocation of resources and
completion of certain research activities.
ORD will assist the Superfund program in RI/FS studies at specified
Superfund sites and provide information on the cost and effectiveness of remedial
action technologies for specific sites. Emphasis will be placed on developing
support tools to assist with RX/FS activities. Information will be provided on
the biochemistry and genetics of PCB degradation by bacteria, and on the
evaluation of solidification techniques for hazardous waste remediation.
Environmental engineers will develop and evaluate Superfund cleanup
technologies. ORD will conduct evaluations on technologies being developed as
cleanup tools for Superfund sites but which are not ready for field application
and require additional lab development. Research activities will focus on
technologies involving extraction, degradation and/or detoxification,
immobilization studies for solidification and/or stabilization of contaminated
material, combustion research, biosystems and/or stabilization biosystem
technology, in-situ techniques for large municipal waste NPL sites, and cross-
media impacts of technologies. Emphasis will be placed on bioremediation
research due to its potential to significantly reduce the cost of site cleanups.
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ORD will provide technical support at an increased level to Agency and
State personnel on engineering issues that arise during emergency and remedial
responses at Superfund sites for case support, including in particular work under
the Superfund Technical Assistance Response Teams (START) program. Treatability
studies will also be conducted. Information from Superfund research will be
provided to ensure that the latest available procedures and technologies are
employed.
ORD will focus the Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE)
program on separation, chemical stabilization, detoxification, and destruction
technologies that provide potential for improvement in cleanup at Superfund
sites. SITE is composed of a field demonstration and evaluation component, an
emerging technology component that cost shares development of promising
technological ideas from the concept stage to pilot scale demonstration, and a
technology transfer component which consists of project evaluation reports and
the SITE clearinghouse. This program usually funds about ten new field
demonstrations and about eight emerging technology projects each year. However,
support for this activity is being reduced to accommodate the need to fund the
high priority Superfund Technical Assistance Response Teams (START).
1991 Program
The Agency allocated a total of $34,735,700 supported by 56.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
A pilot program in Butte, Montana is being established to investigate and
evaluate promising new technologies for the treatment of mining wastes. The
EPA/ORD Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory is collaborating with the
Department of Energy's current program in Butte, with the Department of the
Interior-Bureau of Mines, The State of Montana, and the Montana College of
Mineral Science and Engineering - Advanced Minerals and Hazardous Waste
Processing Center of Excellence.
The Gulf Coast Hazardous Substance Research Center was is being funded by EPA and
the State of Texas through a cooperative agreement to research hazardous waste
technologically issues indigenous to the Gulf Coast area. The Center is a
consortium of eight institutions of higher eduction, with Laroar University
serving as grantor.
Congressional Directives; A total of $2,500,000 is for the Congressionally
directed project of the Gulf Coast Research Center; A total of $3,500,000 is for
the Congressionally directed project of the Butte, Montana Mining Waste Research
Program.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $44,329,500 supported by 62.5
total workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
In 1990, the engineering research program worked to provide improved and
innovative technologies for cleaning up Superfund sites more economically.
Research was expanded into the use of biological degradation (biosystems) for
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such cleanups. The SITE information clearinghouBe was expanded by the addition
of a computer system that integrates all components of the clearinghouse. Ten.
additional SITE field demonstration projects were planned and eight new emerging
technology projects were selected for evaluation. The 1991 solicitation was made
in 1990 and called for projects that deal with treatment of contaminated soils
and sludge.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,288,400 supported by 20.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents an increase of $200,900 and no change in
workyears. The increase reflects additional resources for technical support to
Headquarters and Regional staff on site- and case-specific matters and for
providing information on remedial action technologies, models, assessment
methods, and case histories.
ORD will conduct environmental processes work to evaluate and develop the
cleanup potential of in-situ biodegradation techniques (Biosystems) related to
contaminated soils and. ground water. Plans include characterizing the subsurface
biological, chemical, and physical processes that promote in-situ bioremediation,
environmentally enhancing the metabolic capabilities of indigenous microorganisms
for biodegradation, and genetically manipulating microorganisms to design
microbial strains with novel and enhanced biodegradation characteristics.
Research will be coordinated with other studies to identify the problems
associated with introducing engineered organisms into the natural environment.
We will formulate protocols for treatability studies in different environmental
media.
ORD will provide technical support to Agency and State personnel on the use
of subsurface models, sampling and testing techniques, data interpretation,
assessment modeling and ecological risk estimation, application of bioassessment
protocols for performing environmental assays of contaminated sites and samples,
and on assessing contaminated marine coastal areas and samples.
The potential efficacy of "pump-and-treat" technology used to remediate
contaminated ground water and soils will continue to be evaluated. Studies
leading to improved understanding of site characterization methods and of the
processes controlling contaminant transport and mobilization in the subsurface
will permit new guidelines to be drafted for the implementation of this
technology.
He will continue to develop and evaluate ecological effects assessment
methodologies to identify aquatic, terrestrial, and marine effects at Superfund
sites. This will permit the expected consequences of alternative remedial
actions to be predicted on the basis of environmental factors.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,087,500 supported by 20.5
total workyears for this program, all of which is for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
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Environmental process researchers are evaluating and developing in-situ
biodegradation techniques for cleanup of contaminated soils and ground water.
This research is closely coordinated with the engineering evaluations of
techniques to prevent the migration of hazardous substances into ground water,
and will be instrumental in determining whether biodegradation methods are
potentially cost-effective alternatives to soil excavation, or withdrawal and
treatment of contair. ated ground water.
ORD is providing technical support in the environmental processes area in
response to specific requests from Regions, Enforcement, States, and the
Environmental Response Team on ground-water sampling and analytical techniques,
data interpretation, site-specific assessment modeling including those for
ecological risk estimation, and on application of bioassessment protocols to
leachate and contaminated soil samples. Technical support is also provided on
contaminated marine coastal areas and on polluted sediment remediation.
Procedures are being developed for evaluating the ecological hazards and
risks associated with hazardous waste sites and their remedial operations.
Subsurface process and characterization information is being acquired to allow
development of a decision-making framework for evaluating the appropriateness and
potential efficacy of remediation technologies such as pump-and-treat and various
physical/chemical/biological methods.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $4,941,300 supported by 10.2 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
Research was conducted on the cleanup potential of in-situ biodegradation
techniques related to contaminated soils and ground water. These activities were
coordinated with engineering evaluations of techniques to prevent the migration
of hazardous substances into ground water and of engineered surface and
subsurface remediation systems. Efforts are aimed at determining the situations
under which biodegradation methods could be cost-effective alternatives to soil
excavation, or withdrawal and treatment of contaminated ground water.
Technical support was provided to Agency and State staffs on a large number
of site- and case-specific contamination issues concerning soils, ground water,
surface water, and marine/estuarine environments.
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,315,800 and 1.0 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substances Superfund
appropriation. The decrease of $1,239,700 for this program is primarily related
to a transfer of the Scientific Instrumentation component to the Management and
Support area of the budget, and does not represent an overall reduction in
resources for the Superfund research program. Remaining resources will support
targeted research grants, the Research Centers program, and the Small Business
Innovative Research program. There is no change in total workyears.
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Each year ORD and the Superfund office jointly identify high priority
research areas and then target all new research grants on these priority areas.
These grants enable the Superfund program to tap the university and private
research community for innovative solutions to pressing Superfund problems for
one year. In 1992, approximately six new grants will be awarded to study the
efficacy of various pump and treat technologies.
The Hazardous Substance Research Centers program will receive scheduled
continuation support. The Centers not only conduct important research but also
serve as a valuable resource for Regional/State access to technical experts. Th«
third annual report from the Hazardous Substance Research Centers program will
be produced. This report will include a description of the overall program, the
missions of each of the centers, descriptions of each research and technology
transfer project, and a bibliography of any significant results during the third
year of operation.
As mandated by Public Law 97-219, the Small Business Innovation Research
Program (SBIR) receives 1.25 percent of the Agency's extramural research
appropriation to support small businesses engaged in the development of equipment
for pollution abatement and control and instrumentation for monitoring
environmental trends and conditions. Under this program. ORD is able to take
advantage of unique solutions to Superfund remediation issues that may be offered
by the private sector. Support will be provided in 1992 to five Phase I
contractors to conduct studies to determine the feasibility of pursuing their
pollution prevention/control ideas. In addition, Phase II support will be
provided for approximately three Phase I contractors funded in 1991 whose ideas
were determined to be feasible. In Phase II, those contractors will receive
support for development projects relating to pollution prevention and control
techniques and environmental instrumentation.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $10,555,500 supported by 1.0
total workyears for this program, all of which is for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
In 1991, targeted grants in the area of in-situ treatment of hazardous
waste and monitoring for Superfund site assessments are receiving continuation
support. In addition, approximately six new grants will be awarded to study the
removal of heavy metals.
The Research Centers program provides critical basic data to support the
Agency's core research program and hazardous waste minimization and clean-up
responsibilities. It funds long-term and short-term research, technology
transfer, and training related to the manufacture, use, minimization,
transportation, disposal, and management of hazardous substances through a
university based centers program as authorized under SARA Section 311(d). The
five competitively selected Hazardous Substance Research Centers are being
evaluated to determine their eligibility for continued funding for the next five
year period. A special advisory panel was convened to help develop an umbrella
strategy to guide the operations of the technology transfer portions of the
centers program.
Under the SBIR program, support is being provided in 1991 to five Phase I
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contractors to conduct studies to evaluate the feasibility of their pollution
prevention/control ideas. In addition, support is being provided to three small
businesses in Phase XI who conducted Phase I feasibility studies in 1990.
Funding is also provided for the purchase of scientific instrumentation.
The purchase of scientific instrumentation is essential to provide EPA research
laboratories with the necessary scientific tools and equipment to conduct
reliable investigations and analyses in a safe and timely manner. Resources in
1991 will purchase needed equipment such as gas and high pressure liquid
chromatograph, emission spectrometers and other bench testing equipment and
instruments.
Congressional Directives! A total of $2,000,000 is for the Congressionally
directed project of Clark University of Atlanta.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $7,700,700 supported by 1.0
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
In 1990, the targeted grants program funded research on hazardous waste
abatement and control with the focus on biodegradation of hazardous organics at
Superfund sites. Support for the Research Centers program and the SBIR program
was also continued.
TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND LIAISON
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,008,100 and 5.0 total workyear for this
program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents an increase of $92,400 and no change in total
workyears. The increase in funding supports the development of additional
technology transfer documents.
This activity provides technology transfer and training assistance on
issues relevant to the Superfund cleanup program for the Program office, EPA
Regions, and States. ORD will continue to respond to the technology transfer
needs of the Superfund program in 1992 although the focus will shift to better
respond to immediate needs. The major focus/task areas will be: (1) workshops
on bioremediation at hazardous substance sites; (2) in situ treatment
technologies; and (3), reuse of recoverable products. Support to the Superfund
program in the development of regulations and policies and on-site consultations
and technical support activities in the Regions (i.e Superfund Technical Liaison
Program or STLP) will be provided.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $915,700 supported by 5.0 total
workyear for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substances
Superfund appropriation.
This program is coordinating technology transfer activities, and delivering
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technological information and training to the program office, Region*, States and
contractors responsible for cleanup activities. This activity enhances the
effective, timely, and efficient planning of permanent solutions in Superfund
response actions.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,234,100 supported by 4.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
This program developed mechanisms to coordinate ORD technology transfer
activities, and delivered technological information to the program office,
Regions, States and contractors responsible for cleanup activities.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
SUPERFUND
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE
Hazardous Substance Response 14-26
Hazardous Spill and Site Response 14-27
Hazardous Substance Response - Support 14-39
Hazardous Substance Response - Office of Water 14-40
Hazardous Substance Response - Office of Air and Radiation . . 14-43
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency 14-45
Department of Health and Human Services 14-46
Department of Justice 14-48
United States Coast Guard 14-49
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 14-50
Department of the Interior 14-51
Federal Emergency Management Agency 14-52
Occupational Safety and Health Administration 14-52
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SUPER FUND
Hazardous Substance Response
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Hazardous Spilt i Site
Response
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance TOTAL 1119,812.3 1116,806.8 1116,807.8 1262,172.0 145,364.2
Response
1119,812.3 1116,806.8 1116,607.8 1262,172.0 145,364.2
TOTAL 1119,812.3 1116,806.8 1116,807.8 1262,172.0 145,364.2
1119,812.3 1116,806.8 1116,807.8 1262.172.0 145,364.2
PERMANENT UORICYEARS
Hazardous Spill & site
Response
TOTAL PERMANENT UORICYEARS
1,245.2 1,236.5 1,236.5 1,283.5 47.0
1,245.2 1,236.5 1,236.5 1,283.5 47.0
TOTAL UORICYEARS
Hazardous Spill I Site
Response
TOTAL WORKYEARS
1,314.2 1.293.5 1,293.5 1,283.5 -10.0
1,314.2 1,293.5 1,293.5 1,283.5 -10.0
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - Environmental Protection Agency
The 1992 Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,262,172,000 for Hazardous Substance
Response. Of these resources, $79,305,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
to support 1,283.5 total workyears. This resource level represents an increase
of $145,364,200 and a decrease of 10 workyears from 1991. Within the total for
Response activities, the request places additional emphasis on actual site
cleanup. The request for site cleanup activities in 1992 is $896,000,000, an
increase of $143,000,000 over 1991. The Administration has proposed in the 1992
Budget Appendix a revised structure for the Superfund Response account. A
Special Analysis is being submitted with this budget that compares the proposed
structure with the current Response activities. Additional resources will be
used to: improve communication with the public on Superfund's successes; empha-
size training and outreach programs; expand the use of innovative technologies;
and enhance program management. The decrease in workyears reflects a shift in
resources from the Hazardous Spill and Site Response program to the Technical
Enforcement program for information management activities.
Pre-remedial Program
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $80,203,300 for the Pre-remedial program.
This represents a decrease of $3,253,400 from 1991 levels. Resources are
redirected to the remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) program to
ensure that sites identified by the Pre-remedial program as requiring cleanup
will enter into the construction pipeline. The program's main priority is to
reduce near-term risk to public health. Uncontrolled releases at hazardous waste
sites will be identified by the program in a timely manner through preliminary
assessments (PA) and site inspections (SI). These resources support the
Agency's Superfund oversight responsibilities, on-site state Pre-remedial
activities, and Field Investigation Team's work in assessing potential Superfund
sites. The program focus will be on high risk/volume sites. Based on
information from the SI, the Agency scores a site by applying the Hazard Ranking
System (HRS) to determine whether the site is eligible for the National
Priorities List (NPL).
In 1992, the program will implement the Site Assessment Four Year
Evaluation Strategy that requires all sites designated as high priority to be
evaluated for inclusion on the NPL within four years of entry into the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act Information
System (CERCLIS). To identify NPL candidate sites, the program will: expand its
efforts to discover new high priority sites; establish priorities for sites with
completed site inspections to determine if further action is warranted; and
implement the revised HRS. The program will direct its resources to the most
hazardous sites; at least 75 of these Sis will be conducted in the Great Lakes
Region.
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In 1992, the program will significantly increase its efforts to address
priority Resources Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) sites. The program plans
to conduct 600 RCRA PAs and 600 RCRA Sis. This represents an increase of 75 PAs
and 200 Sis over the number to be performed at RCRA facilities in 1991.
The program plans to list 90 new sites on the NPL, resulting in a steady
flow of projects into the remedial pipeline.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $83,456,700 from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation for the Pre-remedial program. The Agency is
eliminating the SI backlog while stressing its commitment to completing response
activities according to the "worst sites first" strategy. The program is
conducting 1,580 PAs and 1,916 Sis. Of these actions, 525 PAs and 400 Sim are
being performed at RCRA sites. The revised HRS will be effective in late
February 1991, 90 days after its publication in the Federal Register. The Agency
is currently refining implementation of this system.
The program has placed a high priority on: providing training programs
to the Pre-remedial staff, active state and Tribal personnel, and appropriate
contractors; conducting PAs at all sites within one year of listing in CERCLIS;
performing Sis at all sites recommended for further evaluation based on their
relative potential environmental impact; implementing listing site inspections
at the highest priority sites determined to be likely to score above the revised
HRS cutoff; evaluating the Multi-Site Cooperative Agreements (e.g., contracts
with states and/or Indian Tribes to develop the capacity to perform response
activities); and encouraging state and Indian Tribe participation in the
development of Pre-remedial guidance.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $79,963,300 from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation for the Pre-remedial program. A total of
33,575 sites were listed in CERCLIS at the end of 1990. Ninety-six percent of
these sites are non-Federal. EPA completed 1,592 PAs during 1990 bringing the
total number of PAs completed by the Agency to 30,025; only 7 percent of CERCLIS
sites still required PAs at the end of 1990. Of the total PAs conducted, 55
percent require no further action. The Agency completed 1,902 Sis during 1990
for a total of 12,660 Sis completed since the beginning of the Superfund program.
Approximately 30 percent of the sites with Sis in 1990 required no further
action. The Agency listed 300 new sites on the NPL during 1990 and proposed an
additional 25. As of September 30, 1990, there were 20 proposed and 1,187 final
NPL sites, bringing the total proposed and final NPL sites to 1,207.
The Agency continued to focus special attention on improving federal
facility compliance with CERCLA requirements. Federal facility sites make up 4
percent of sites in CERCLIS. EPA listed a record number (64) of Federal facility
sites on the NPL during 1990 bringing the total number of Federal Facilities on
the NPL to 116.
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Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $60,000,000 for this program from the
Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. This represents an increase of
$9,350,000 from 1991 levels: All of these resources support direct site cleanup
activities. In 1992, all ongoing RI/FS projects that have remedial investiga-
tions in process are funded (188 projects). In accordance with the Agency'«
objective to conduct response actions at the most threatening sites first and to
expedite the response process, the program will conduct RI/FS at 50 new projects;
this is an additional 16 projects over 1991. All new and ongoing RI/FS and all
planned new RI/FS starts will be put in priority order to ensure that sites
entering the RI/FS process will address the worst problems at the worst site*
first.
In the first full year of the revised National Contingency Plan (NCP),
remedies selected will ensure that: high threat wastes are treated; low threat
wastes are contained; and contaminated ground water is restored or adequately
controlled. The program will bring innovative technology and experience to bear
on the remedy selection process. In addition, the program will conduct an
analysis of Record of Decisions (ROD) issued in 1991 to assess improvements to
the remedy selection process and consistency of the final remedy determination
comprising the ROD.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $50,650,000 for RI/FS from the
Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. The Agency plans to initiate new
Fund-financed RI/FS at 12 projects and start subsequent RI/FS at 7 projects. EPA
plans to start this modest number of RI/FS to bolster EPA's bargaining position
with Potentially Responsible Parties (PRP). The Agency expects to begin 22 new
RI/FS PRP projects. Also, resources will be directed to support ongoing RI/FS
activities. Workyear allocations for the RI/FS program will support: increased
interaction with the private sector; enhanced supervision of direct site
activities; and increased oversight of Superfund contractors.
The RI/FS program is also building upon the NCP and the initiatives of the
Superfund Management Review (SHR). Guidance is being developed to streamline the
operation of the Superfund program. This is accomplished by encouraging the
breakout of interim projects, by making procedures and requirements clearer and
more routine, and by providing "model" products that can be used with minimal
additional work.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $102,511,400 from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation for the RI/FS program. In the third and final
year of the strategy to fully fund all RI/FS, the Agency initiated new Fund-
financed RI/FS at 40 projects and started subsequent RI/FS at 38 projects.
Federal employees conducted 15 of these RI/FS using primarily in-house technical
expertise. This prerogative, which was fully implemented for the first time in
1990, is a training exercise to improve the efficiency and promote cost savings
in the RI/FS program. PRPs conducted 57 new RI/FS projects. By the end of 1990,
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74 Fund-financed ROD* were signed at NPL eitee.
As a result of the SMR recommendations the Agency developed a prototype
RI/FS and a remedy cost estimation model defined as the Superfund Cost Estimating
Expert System. Furthermore, EPA improved consistency in remedy selection, and
encouraged the use of innovative technologies.
Remedial Design (RD)/Remedial Action (RA)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $672,700,000 for direct site work in the RD
and RA stages of the Remedial Program for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. All of these resources support direct site cleanup work. This
request represents an increase of $125,715,700 for RD and RA construction
activities from 1991. Furthermore, this increase will support 40 new Fund-
financed RDs and 21 new Fund-financed RAs.
In 1992, the Agency will pursue its goal of Potentially Responsible Party
(PRP) participation in conducting Superfund cleanup. The Superfund Trust Fund
will assume responsibility for all projects where PRP response is not achieved.
The total amount requested includes $39,900 for projects with PRP oversight and
$632,800 for Fund-financed projects. The program will initiate 165 designs at
remedial projects; of which 97 will be conducted by PRP. RAs will commence at
135 projects with PRPs financing 97 of these projects.
The Trust fund also: supports all direct cleanup activities to complete the
cleanup process; initiates remediation of the most environmentally hazardous
sites; oversees PRP work; and performs long-term maintenance of remediated sites
at projects receiving both Federal and private funds. In 1992, Superfund's
highest priority is to ensure that the cleanup phase of the remedial process is
completed. Thus, the request will support the completion of all RD/RA projects
expected in 1992. Initiation of quick response actions is another high priority
for the program.
The Agency relies on Alternative Remedial Contract Strategy (ARCS)
contracts to obtain project management and technical services in support of
remedial response activities at NPL sites. The ARCS Program is based upon the
concept of performance incentives. Quality of work performed on projects is
directly related to the amount of future work received as well as the level of
fee awarded to contractors. The U.S. American Corps of Engineers (USAGE) and the
Bureau of Reclamation (BUREC), from the Remedial Support program, contribute to
the direct cleanup process of Superfund sites. They provide on-site technical
expertise and they ensure that project management is consistent between Fund and
PRP financed projects.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $546,983,000 for RD/RA
activities from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. RDs are
scheduled to take place at 131 reroe ial projects where PRPs are financing the
design at 78 of these projects. The program plans to start RA at 86 projects
where PRPs are expected to conduct 58 of these actions. The Agency also performs
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long-term activities at these sites, after the RA is completed, to ensure that
the hazardous condition(s) has been effectively remedied. Approximately 45
contracts are underway during 1991.
The RA prioritization criteria, developed during 1989, is being implemented
in 1991. Environmental •prioritization is the primary consideration in
determining what sites are supported for Fund-financed construction. The
prioritization criteria are based on the following principles: protection of
human health has the highest priority; actual threats to sensitive ecosystems and
endangered species has the next highest priority; and priority is increased as
the risk becomes closer in time. In order for Regions to propose sites, they must
have conducted the following activities: a thorough PRP search; an evaluation of
large scale projects to determine whether aspects of the project can be partially
funded without increasing cost or risk to health or the environment; determina-
tion that the project will be ready for construction when funds become available;
and confirmation that the state has signed the Superfund State Contract to pay
its share of the construction costs. ARCS will continue to play an active role
in providing cleanup activities for Fund-financed projects conducted in 1991.
Congressional Directive; In 1991, total of $5,000,000 is provided for the
Congressionally directed relocation for residents at the Koppers Superfund site
in Texarkana, Texas.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $498,815,400 for RD/RA activities
from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. As a result of the SMR
recommendations, the RD/RA program embarked on a number of new initiatives aimed
at ensuring the program moved in the direction envisioned by the SMR. These
initiatives included: initiating the worst sites first policy; using expedited
cleanup approaches; and implementing an "Enforcement first" framework for the
program.
At the end of 1990, cleanup activities were underway at 90 percent of the
sites on the NPL. Designs took place at 131 remedial projects; PRPs financed the
design at 80 of these projects. The program started remedial actions at 76
projects; PRPs conducted 70 percent of these actions. The program completed
construction at six sites during 1990, bringing the total number of completed Ras
to 63. As of September 30, 1990, construction activities were underway at
another 272 sites. For 150 sites, designs were in progress and RI/FS activities
had been initiated at another 505. Of the remaining 246 sites on the NPL, 115
have a remedy selected or have already had a removal action conducted. Only ten
percent of the NPL sites were awaiting evaluation at the end of 1990.
ARCS played an active role in providing cleanup activities for Fund-
financed projects conducted during 1990. In addition, the USAGE and BUREC
participated in the management of PRP and Fund-financed responses. The Agency
also performed long-term activities at these sites, after the RA was completed,
to ensure that the hazardous condition(s) has been effectively remedied.
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Removal Program
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests $129,300,000 for the Removal program from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation, an increase of $3,037,000 from 1991 levels.
All of these resources support direct cleanup activities conducted at hazardous
sites. Additional resources will support the Environmental Response Team's (ERT)
expanded direct on-site technical advice and intensified training to cleanup
personnel. Resources will be used to perform direct site cleanup at
approximately 110 classic and time-critical emergencies at NPL sites and 80
removals at non-NPL sites. Top priority is given to: classic emergencies
involving incidents (e.g., threats of fire or explosion) where response is
generally necessary within a matter of hours; time-critical removals at sites on
the NPL to make these sites safe from immediate threats while they await remedial
action; and time-critical removals at non-NPL sites posing major health and
environmental threats, which cannot be addressed by other authorities.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating $126,263,000 for Removal actions from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation. This level of resources support 190 total
Removal actions and the work of the ERT at Removal sites. The Agency continues
to use the expanded removal authorities for emergency actions. The Removal
program will remain in a "steady-state" as it continues to stabilize NPL sites
where significant threats exist while additional long-term response is being
considered.
The Agency continues to implement management initiatives begun in 1989 to
improve the recruitment, preparation, and execution of On-Scene Coordinators
(OSC) in order to enhance the effectiveness of the Superfund Program. This
effort involves many components, combined under the title "OSC/Regional Project
Manager (RPM) Support Program." The program continues to include full
implementation of all components: career tracks and grades; the OSC/RPM Basic
Training Academy; mentoring; continuing education; Superfund University Training
Institutes; the Structured Training and Evaluation Program; site/incident
characterization; awards; professional organizations; workforce planning; and
rotations.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $119,473,600 for Removal actions
and ERT technical assistance from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. These resources were used to initiate a total of 351 Removal
actions where 43 were initiated at NPL sites. Of these total Removal starts,
almost 30 percent were conducted in emergency situations; the rest were of a
time-critical nature. In addition, Removal actions were completed at 28 NPL and
168 non-NPL sites. Completions included sites that were initiated in previous
years.
Since the enactment of SARA through the end of 1990, the Agency has taken
914 Fund-financed Removal actions. Of these actions, almost 25 percent were
conducted in response to emergency situations. The other 75 percent of the
actions were classified as time-critical removals. Of the 1,207 sites on the
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NPL, 201 have been partially or completely addressed by a Removal action. These
efforts enabled the Agency to take immediate action to protect public health and
the environment. In addition to responding to emergencies, Removals were taken
where an immediate response was not critical, but some early response was
necessary to protect public health or the environment.
Response Support
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $121,403,300 for the Response Support
Program from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. This represents
an increase of $6,047,800 from 1991 levels. The majority of these resources
support: sample analysis; preparedness; budget analysis and formulation;
strategic planning, technical training, policy and program evaluation, management
information system maintenance, and development; financial accounting and
tracking; and administrative services. Almost 20 percent of these resources
($23,500,000) support sample analysis for direct site work (e.g., RI/FS, RD/RA
and Removals). The sample analysis and management activities conducted by the
Contract Laboratory Program (CLP), the Environmental Services Divisions (ESD),
and the states continue to be a primary component of the Response Support
Program. In 1992, the Response Support program will strive to meet the SHR goals
that fall within its purview of responsibility. These include: increasing
training and public outreach; preparing for international and domestic
emergencies; and improving Superfund program management.
The OSC/RPM Support Program will ensure that new Superfund personnel
receive appropriate training in a timely manner. The program will expand upon
this training requirement to ensure that information on remedy selection and
innovative technology is effectively communicated to new personnel.
In 1992, environmental indicators data will be updated and measures will
be developed to assess the program's progress in making sites safe and clean.
Specifically, the indicators will appraise the Agency's use of treatment
technologies to remove pollution from the environment and success in protecting
people from the risk posed by hazardous spills and sites. New measures will be
developed for populations affected within various distances of Superfund sites.
The Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention (CEPP) Office, whose
goal is to prevent and prepare for chemical accidents, will consult with members
here and abroad, in the public and private sectors, to build a national consensus
on prevention of accidents. This effort will include sharing strategies on
inspection methodologies, hazard assessment techniques, and communication tools.
The program will integrate efforts to prevent, prepare for, and respond to
emergencies with multi-national organizations and with other nations on a
bilateral basis. The program will also assist the United States capability to
provide needed assistance abroad as it manages hazardous materials.
The Agency will work to promote innovative treatment technology at CERCLA
sites. The Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation Program (SITE) will be
fully operational in 1992. The purpose of the program is to assess new
technologies for the treatment of hazardous waste in order to develop permanent
technologies. The SITE demonstration program sponsors pilot and full scale
treatability studies at Superfund sites. The participating developers mobilize
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and operate their equipment during the test period. EPA develops the test plan,
provides for site preparation, funds sampling and analysis, and prepares the
documentation.
The Response Program will carry out corrective activity for identified
weaknesses in its management of the Superfund program. Specifically, the Agency
will implement the long-term contracting strategy for the Superfund program.
This strategy identifies the long-term contracting needs of the program and
designs a portfolio of Superfund contracts to meet those needs over the next ten
years. During 1992, implementation of the strategy will involve the phase-in of
new contracts.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating $115,113/500 for Hazardous Substance
Superfund Supp t. These resources support laboratory sampling, the management
of information ./stems, emergency preparedness activities, budget formulation and
execution, training, and program management activities.
In 1991, the Response Support Program resumes its responsibilities for
sample analysis and data review for all phases of the pre-remedial, remedial, and
removal Programs. The quality assurance (QA) program provides support to the
CLP, which is responsible for most contract chemical analyses under the Superfund
program. In addition, the program continues to be active in assisting the states
with establishing their QA Programs.
Through CERCLIS and the associated Local Area Network (WasteLAN), the
program provides quarterly information to managers and staff. A series of
standardized reports and direct query capability provide up-to-date and thorough
site planning information. A major component of this data base is information
from the Superfund Comprehensive Accomplishments Plan (SCAP) which provides
oversight of remedial and removal activities. The SCAP is the central mechanism
for planning, tracking and evaluating Superfund Program activities on a quarterly
basis.
The program continues to direct its efforts toward building public
confidence in the Superfund program. Many of these activities focus on how
targets are set and performance is measured. The integrated timeline is used for
establishing performance expectations and implementing the "Enforcement-first"
concept. In addition, the program is developing and implementing environmental
indicators to provide new measurements of actual environmental progress that
augment traditional programmatic measurements. These indicators measure: the
achievement of health and ecological goals specified in the ROD; control of an
immediate thr * to human health by reaction in the actual or potential exposure
of 'human pop, dtions to hazardous materials; and the amount of contaminated
material treated, removed, or contained. Knowledge gained from this effort is
shared with state and local governments, trade associations, professional
societies, industry, and the public sector.
The CEPP Office, will continue to prepare state status reports, and to
conduct emergency response simulation exercises and chemical safety audits.
The program is redefining the integrated priorities matrix so that it
better reflects the Agency's Four-Year Strategic Plan. Specifically, the
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matrix: identifies relative program priorities; lists major program activities
for which resources are provided; and provides a framework to estimate the
funding levels needed to support the activities. The overall goals identified
in the matrix are to: mitigate immediate threats; move sites through the
remedial pipeline using PRP resources as a first resort; and to maintain a
baseline of supporting activities.
The Response Support Program continues to ensure that the training and
transfer of technology from the Office of Research and Development (ORD), other
Federal agencies, and the private sector is available to OSCs, RPMs, the state
employees, and Superfund contractors. Activities undertaken to ensure the
transfer of information and technologies include: using aerial imagery and
photography for site identification and assessment; providing chemical-specific
fate/transport data for a specific medium exposed by the receptors; providing
active site-specific support in the removal and remedial action process of
technology selection; and providing advice and guidance on the use and
limitations of mathematical models, including uncertainty analysis. In addition,
the SITE program continues to accelerate the development, demonstration, and use
of innovative treatment technologies. The emerging technologies component of the
program is receiving the greatest emphasis during 1991. This aspect focuses on
bench scale evaluation, identification of promising projects, and efforts to
prepare selected technologies for evaluation in the demonstration phase.
Congressional Directive; In 1991, $400,000 is provided to the National
Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration for the Congressionally directed
study of the dump site off the FaralIon Islands.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $112,513,700 for the Response
Support program from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. The
program conducted sample analysis, program evaluation, information system
management, and budget related duties.
The program implemented three major initiatives to better measure program
success and publicize its progress to the public. The program's new accountabil-
ity system "Strategic Targeted Activities for Results" (STAR) places emphasis on
tracking selected, results-oriented, activities wherever possible. The NPfr Book.
another public communication tool, summarizes the nature of environmental
problems at sites on the NPL and Super fund's actions in cleaning up these sites.
The NPL Book is designed to help citizens understand the big picture on hazardous
waste cleanup, environmental progress across the country, and the cleanup accom-
plishments in their own communities. During 1990, the program's management
systems implemented the Environmental Indicators project to better support the
Agency's strategic planning process.
The SITE program is an example of the program's efforts to assess the
quality of environmental benefits. The program was fully operational in 1990.
In addition to promoting the use of innovative treatment technologies, the
program conducted full-scale evaluations of technologies at Superfund sites under
joint EPA and private developer funding. Information on the evaluation of SITE
technologies was available to OSCs, RPMs, and state employees through project
reports, brochures, seminars, and conferences, and through the SITE clearing-
house.
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The Agency implemented a revised funding policy which increased flexibility
for program managers to focus limited resources on activities with the greatest
impact.
Remedial Support
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $55,841,400 for Remedial Support Program for
the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. This decrease of $4,503,600
from 1991 reflects the redirection of funds for treatability studies into the
RD/RA program in 1992. The project management and contractor/PRP oversight
conducted by the USAGE and BUREC are part of the program's direct site work. The
majority of these resources support technical assistance for remedial projects,
guidance development and implementation, and grants to Indians, states, and local
groups.
In 1992, the Agency will attempt to implement management initiatives
related to the Remedial Support program. These initiatives include: implementing
improvements to expedite the remedial design and construction process; expanding
support to Regional contracting programs; establishing contracting cost controls;
ensuring adequate administrative support for RPMs; and providing necessary
training for RPMs. The Agency will continue to implement management initiatives
begun during 1989 to improve the recruitment, preparation, and retention of RPMs.
In addition, the program will intensify its efforts to identify and implement
long-term solutions that significantly reduce the level of risk at Superfund
sites.
The Remedial Support program will improve the remedy selection process by:
developing and implementing policy and procedures for conducting five year
reviews at sites after the cleanup process has been completed pursuant to SARA;
supporting ORD in developing technology specific treatability study guides; and
assessing soils to ground water pathway models to support the selection of soil
remediation levels; and conducting evaluation of remediation projects using
treatment technologies to assess overall performance.
In 1992, the Remedial Support program will also work toward another SMR
goal which is to increase the participation of others in the Superfund process.
The program will manage Core Program Cooperative Agreements, encourage the
merging of Fund and enforcement efforts at the state level, and assist states and
Indian tribes to develop multi-year workplans and strategies for addressing
hazardous wastes at Superfund sites.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $60,345,000 for this program
from the Hazardous Substance Superfund Appropriation. The Agency is proceeding
with the implementation of several management initiatives related to the Remedial
program. Resources are being used to insure that states provide assurance,
through the Capacity Assurance Plan process, that sufficient hazardous waste
capacity would exist to manage wastes generated in the state during the next 20
years. The program also continues to encourage states to enter into Cooperative
Agreements, State Memorandum of Agreements, or other management assistance
agreements where the state expects to play a significant role. The Agency also
promotes the m»»imgm involvement of Indian Tribes in planning and implementing
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all response activities. In addition, the Agency is increasing its efforts to
improve public confidence and initiate dialogue with national interest groups and
local community groups.
In 1991, the Agency will also continue to: provide grants to local
interest groups through the Technical Assistance Grants (TAG) Program; administer
Core Grants to the states; and monitor the projects for remedial construction.
The Remedial Support program continues to perform treat ability studies which are
an important part of the RD ensuring that adequate data exist to effectively
evaluate each technology prior to design.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated $69,265,400 for the Hazardous Substance
Remedial Response Support Appropriation. The program revised the NCP to strongly
encourage community involvement in clean-up activities and developed in-depth
guidance on community relations. The revised NCP also includes new provisions
with regard to state and Indian tribe involvement in the Superfund Program to
promote integrated and coordinated response to hazardous situations. To ensure
continued involvement of states and Indian tribes in the Superfund process, as
envisioned in the SMR, EPA hosted a conference on state Superfund programs. In
cooperation with the Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste Management
Officials, the Agency initiated a series of policy forums designed to foster a
better understanding and coordination of state and Federal response efforts.
In addition to revising the NCP, the Agency also instituted several changes
to the TAG program in an effort to generate greater public participation. These
changes include: the 35 percent citizen match of TAG project costs was reduced
to 20 percent; the 15 percent cap on administrative costs was eliminated; the
Superfund TAG Handbook was updated; the procurement procedures were streamlined;
and the $50,000 waiver criteria were issued. EPA awarded 26 new core program
cooperative agreements, for a total of 45 core grants in place as of September
30, 1990.
In 1990, the Remedial Support program continued to reassess and evaluate
program improvements and management initiatives. Some of these initiatives
included: improvements in the process for conducting RI/FS and evaluate design
and construction performance; implementation of appropriate improvements
expanding Regional contract support capacity; enhancement of contract cost
controls; and the provision of adequate training and administrative support for
RPMs. The program encouraged a balanced approach to site work, and advocated
that both PRPs and states assume responsibility for remedial activities.
Removal Support
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $63,419,000 for Hazardous Substance Removal
Support Program for the Hazardous Substance Superfund Appropriation. This
represents an increase of $1,203,000 from 1991. The additional resources will
be used to improve the efficiency of the Emergency Response Cleanup Services
(ERCS) contracts by decentralizing their management to the Regions. In 1992, a
total of 23 ERCS contracts will be active.
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The majority of these resources are used to manage removal contracts which
provide on-site technical assistance (e.g., release notifications, site
investigations, and on-scene response monitoring) through the Technical
Assistance Team (TAT) contract. The Agency will continue to receive and screen
hazardous substance release notifications to determine what, if any, response is
required. These resources will provide policy direction and technical support
for Removal activities, including the review of $2 million waiver requests and
the expanded Continuing Release Regulations for release investigations at removal
sites. In 1992, EPA will receive 11,000 release notifications, conduct 635 spill
investigations, and provide on-scene monitoring at 135 sites.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating $62,216,000 for the Removal Support
Program from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. These resources
support the 1992 level of release notifications, release investigations, and on-
scene monitoring of hazardous substances responses. The Agency will award 17 new
ERGS contracts; 11 other contracts initiated in 1990 will terminate resulting
in a total of 23 active ERGS contracts. In addition, the regulatory and guidance
framework are being completed for the Removal Program, including the use of
revised removal authorities and promulgation of final regulations on the
notification, reportable quantities (RQ), and designation of additional hazardous
substances. The program will establish RQ levels for extremely hazardous
substances, publish technical updates for some of the RQs that have been
promulgated, and implement the rules currently being developed.
In the vast majority of cases, the PRP or state or local government will
take the lead in addressing the problem. In situations where more than one state
is involved or where there is an unusually complex problem, the Federal
government coordinates and funds the response. EPA and the U.S. Coast Guard will
maintain an emergency response capability, including EPA's ERT, comprised of
Agency employees with special engineering and scientific expertise. This inter-
agency relationship will improve the Agency's ability to provide timely
engineering and scientific advice to Federal, state, and local officials during
hazardous substance response actions, resulting in reliable and cost-effective
solutions to existing and potential environmental threats.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated $64,089,200 for the Removal Support Program
from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. These resources were used
to conduct 10,543 release notifications, 738 release investigations, and on-scene
monitoring of hazardous substances at 204 sites. The program began to implement
the SMR recommendation to make NPL sites safe, accelerate responses at NPL sites,
and conduct removal assessments at all NPL sites. This program provided
administrative support personnel and training to assist OSCs in managing removal
actions. The Agency managed 17 ERGS contracts during 1990.
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - Support
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Substance
Response - OW
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Response - OAR
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
S1.925.3 $1,758.9 $1,758.9 $1,952.0 S193.1
TOTAL $1,925.3 $1,758.9 SI.758.9 $1,952.0 $193.1
$3,415.4 $2,775.5 $2,775.5 $3,065.0 $289.5
TOTAL $3,415.4 $2,775.5 $2,775.5 $3,065.0 $289.5
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
$5,340.7 $4,534.4 $4,534.4 $5,017.0
Hazardous Substance TOTAL $5,340.7 $4,534.4 $4,534.4 $5,017.0
Response - Support
$482.6
$482.6
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance
Response - OU
Hazardous Substance
Response • OAR
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS
21.6
22.0
43.6
23.5
18.8
42.3
23.5
18.8
42.3
24.0
20.5
44.5
0.5
1.7
2.2
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance
Response - OU
Hazardous Substance
Response - OAR
TOTAL UORKYEARS
23.6
22.8
46.4
24.0
20.5
44.5
24.0
20.5
44.5
24.0
20.5
44.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - Support
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,017,000 supported by 44.5 total workyears
for 1992, and increase of $482,600. There is no increase in total workyears from
1991. All of the request will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
Appropriation.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE — OFFICE OF WATER
1992 Program Request
In 1992, the Agency requests a total of $1,952,000 supported by 24.0 total
workyears for this pi .gram, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. This represents an increase of $193,100 which reflects
increased personnel and support costs.
The Agency will continue to develop effluent guidelines and standards for
the centralized waste treatment (CWT) industry, which accepts liquid wastes from
waste generators and leachate from Superfund sites and other landfills. EPA will
publish sampling and technology reports for use by publicly owned treatment works
(POTW) authorities and permit writers, prior to proposal of the CWT regulations
in FY 1994.
The Agency will develop five additional sediment quality criteria for
publication in the Federal Register to invite public comment. Work will continue
on the development of sediment criteria methodologies that are protective of uses
of aquatic life. Guidelines, guidance and technical support documents for metal
sediment criteria will be developed, refined and finalized in 1992. Site-
specific technical assistance to 15-18 Superfund sites with contaminated sediment
problems will be provided by the EPA Regional Laboratories.
Regions will continue to provide case-by-case input for Superfund remedial
actions. Action plans will be reviewed to ensure that "applicable or relevant
and appropriate" Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) are applied. Regions also
continue participation in the review of Remedial Investigations, Feasibility
Studies and Records of Decision for CERCLA remedial actions where public water
supplies or drinking water contamination is involved.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,758,900 supported by 24.0
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
The Agency sampled up seven additional Superfund sites and is continuing
to analyze samples of untreated wastewaters, pretreated wastewaters and
pretreatment system sludges; three additional sites are being sampled on an
extended basis. Data from the samples supplement and expand existing data to
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characterize untreated Superfund site wastewaters, the performance of on-site
pretreatment systems and the fate of pollutants in publicly owned treatment works
(POTWs) receiving these wastewaters.
With the Office of Research and Development (ORD), the program is
continuing its cooperative treatability studies of additional pollutants and POTW
design and operating characteristics not covered in previous studies.
In conjunction with ORD, the program continues to update, refine and test
the PC-based treatability model to be used by CERCLA site Regional Program
Managers, POTW operators and pretreatment program personnel to predict the fate
of pollutants in POTWs. This new data will be published in an updated guidance
manual by the end of 1991, which also addressee Superfund site discharges
directly to surface waters.
The Agency also continues to develop sediment criteria for metals and
certain organic chemical pollutants, focusing on bioaccumulative pollutants
believed to be the cause of significant risk to aquatic systems and to humans
consuming contaminated fish flesh.
Regions continue to analyze the need for new or revised local limits at
those facilities identified as receiving CERCLA wastewaters. Regions continue
to review remedial action alternatives to ensure that appropriate technology and
water quality considerations have been addressed.
Regions have continued to assess compliance where Superfund facilities have
existing discharges to surface waters. Headquarters and Regions continue to
evaluate and revise, as necessary, NPDES permits and local limits in light of
information received from the Toxic Release Inventory.
Regions continue to provide case-by-case review of Superfund sites on the
National Priority List (NPL). Documents are being reviewed to ensure that
applicable, relevant and appropriate drinking water Maximum Contaminant Level
Goals (MCLGs) and/or Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) are applied. For
contaminants with no MCLG/MCL established, Regions are supplying and interpreting
toxicological data.
EPA is providing recommendations that consider both the technical and cost
effectiveness of water supply treatment or the need to provide an alternate
supply. Regions are involved throughout the remedial process for sites with a
contaminated supply. This involvement includes reviewing Remedial Investigations
(RIs) to examine data to characterize the releases; reviewing Feasibility Studies
(FSs) which analyze clean-up alternatives; and documenting final clean-up
decisions in the Record of Decision (ROD). For each site, this is a multi-year
process.
The Regions, together with the states, are evaluating the effectiveness of
drinking water remedial actions and providing oversight of drinking water
regulations to meet requirements under the Safe Drinking Hater Act (SDWA).
The Agency is implementing a range of Regional support and consultation
activities, as Federal response programs increasingly emphasize protecting
drinking water supplies. Most of the current remedial action workload involves
sites that pose a threat to public water supplies or their sources. Regions
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assist in the process of characterizing the relative health risk and the urgency
for remedial alternatives (site treatment vs. alternative supplies vs. enhancing
existing systems), and assure proper liaison with State Health Departments.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,925,300 supported by 23.6 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
The Agency completed the analysis of samples of untreated wastewatere, pre-
treated wastewaters and pretreatment systems from fifteen Superfund sites that
discharge to POTWs. Data from the samples supplement and expand existing data
to characterize untreated Superfund site wastewaters, the performance of on-site
pretreatment systems, and the fate of pollutants in POTWs receiving these
wastewaters. The program continued its treatability studies of on-site
pretreatment systems.
In conjunction with ORD, the program continued to update, refine and test
the PC-based treatability model to be used by CERCLA site personnel, POTW
operators and other pretreatment program personnel to predict the fate of
pollutants in POTWs. This new data will be published in a final guidance manual
early in 1991.
The Science Advisory Board completed a favorable review of the methodology
for generating sediment criteria for non-ionic organic contaminants. Interim
sediment criteria for 12 sediments were applied to nine specific Superfund sites
with contaminated sediments. A methodology was identified to be used in
generating sediment criteria for metal contaminants. The metals methodology is
being applied at seven Superfund sites to help in site evaluation and to expand
the database used to support metals sediment criteria.
Regions continued to review remedial action alternatives to ensure
appropriate technology and water quality considerations have been addressed.
Regions continued to assess compliance where Superfund facilities have existing
discharges to surface waters.
The Regions continued to review response actions to ensure that applicable,
relevant and ?propriate drinking water standards are among the benchmarks
applied. Whert MCLG/MCLs had not been established for a particular contaminant,
the Regions provided assistance with toxicological data. Once a site with a
contaminated water supply had been selected for inclusion on the NPL, the Regions
participated in reviewing RI/FSs and in preparing RODs. These studies selected
and documented the response actions for contaminated water supplies and address
the need to provide water supply treatment or an alternate water supply.
The Regions, together with the states, evaluated the effectiveness of
drinking water remedial actions and are provided oversight of drinking water
regulations to meet requirements under the SDWA.
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HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE - OFFICE OF AIR AND RADIATION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,065,000 supported by 20.5 total
workyears. This represents an increase of $289,500 and no change in total
workyears from 1992.
In 1992 the Agency will provide sample collection, analysis, and data
interpretation for remediation, removal, and enforcement activities at Superfund
sites on the National Priority List. The Agency will also develop guidance and
criteria and will review reports, survey plans, and assessments from radiation
and mixed waste contaminated sites. The program will provide technical
assistance to Regional offices including the development of an on-site waste
volume reduction treatability plant at Glen Ridge /Mont clair, New Jersey to clean
up contaminated soils. This on-site project will include development and
location of equipment, processing of soils, quality control, sample analysis,
data interpretation, and reports of the preliminary evaluation. EPA will
evaluate other remediation technologies, including incineration, for radioactive
and mixed waste.
The remediation technology will be expanded to include chemical extraction,
magnetic separation, and bacterial bioremediation techniques. In addition,
increased training assistance will be provided to the regions on radioactivity
hazards, transport, and safety procedures as they relate to clean-up at Super fund
sites containing radioactive materials.
Development of risk based clean-up goals for radioactively contaminated
sites will also begin, thereby addressing the fundamental issue: "How clean is
clean?" The program will identify critical technology problems associated with
mixed waste clean-ups and test and evaluate specific technologies that focus on
the radioactive component. Development of an EPA national "reference laboratory"
for Agency-wide mixed waste analysis will begin including establishment of mixed
waste field sampling, screening, handling, and shipping procedures.
Radioanalytical procedures used by the Agency, other Federal agencies, states,
and the private sector for analysis of soil and water contamination will be
evaluated, revised, and updated. Standardized Agency-wide radioanalytical
protocols will be established and site audit procedures for radionuclides
developed. An integrated radiation health monitoring program for EPA employees
including radiation health and safety training will also be implemented.
In 1992 the program will also support Regional air program technical
assistance for clean-up activities, including the use of air quality models to
determine risks posed by air emissions from clean-up activities and the
establishment of temporary air monitoring networks around selected sites. The
Agency will evaluate potential disposal techniques and technology and review
remedial action plans prior to implementation.
1991 Program
In 1991 the Agency is allocating $2,775,500 supported by 20.5 workyears to
provide sample collection, analysis, and data interpretation for remediation,
removal, and enforcement activities at Superfund sites.
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During 1991 the radiation program is providing sample collection, analysis,
and data interpretation for remediation, removal, and enforcement at Superfund
sites, giving priority to those on the National Priority List. The laboratories
in Montgomery, Alabama and Las Vegas, Nevada analyze radioactive samples (alpha,
beta, and gamma analysis) from contaminated sites. Headquarters reviews remedial
investigation feasibility* study reports, project operation plans, and
endangennent assessments, the Office of Radiation Programs also performs risk
assessments, engineering evaluations, and cost assessments. In addition, the
Agency continues treatability studies such as Volume Reduction Chemical
Extraction to examine physical and chemical methods for reducing the volume and
the activity of soils containing radioactive elements. The laboratory, technical
assistance, field support, and development of regulatory criteria and guidance
for the Superfund program will continue in 1991. Regulatory support will focus
on the Superfund Hazard Ranking System, the National Contingency Plan, and the
Radionuclide Reportable Quantities Rulemaking.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990 the Agency obligated $3,415,400 supported by 22.0 total workyears.
The Agency continued technical support to the Regions to minimize radiation and
air toxics exposure at Superfund sites.
The radiation program support included: radiation risk assessments,
engineering evaluations, and cost assessments. The Regional air program staff
provided air quality modeling and monitoring for site clean-up activities. The
program continued to assure that site decisions involving air pollution and
radiation contamination issues were consistent with national air and radiation
program policies and regulations.
The EPA radiation program worked to complete the Hazard Ranking System for
radionuclides, the laboratory evaluation and pilot of the Volume Reduction
Chemical Extraction project, and a draft Human Health Evaluation Manual. The
Agency radiation staff continued to review reports, survey plans, and
environmental assessments at radiation contaminated sites.
The Regional air program staff continued to review field studies of sites
and contractor work plans and provided technical assistance through air quality
modeling, monitoring, and case studies. The support included use of air quality
models to determine the risks posed by air emissions from clean-up and disposal
techniques and technology to minimize the chances of migration of unhealthy
levels of toxics to the air.
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance-Interagency
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Interagency Superfund
Department of Health t
Hunan Services (ATSDR)
Hazardous Substance $45,179.0 $48,500.0 $48,500.0 $44,500.0 -$4,000.0
Superf und
TOTAL $45,179.0 $48,500.0 $48,500.0 $44,500.0 -$4,000.0
Interagency Superfund
United States Coast
Guard
Hazardous Substance $4,800.0 $4,801.2 $4,801.2 $4,801.0 -$0.2
Superf und
TOTAL $4,800.0 $4,801.2 $4,801.2 $4,801.0 -SO.2
Interagency Superfund
Department of Justice
Hazardous Substance $25,754.2 $32,324.0 $32,324.0 $32,324.0 0.0
Superfund
TOTAL $25,754.2 $32,324.0 $32,324.0 $32,324.0 0.0
Interagency Superfund
Federal Emergency
Management Agency
Hazardous Substance $1,675.0 $1,823.6 $1,823.6 $1,824.0 $0.4
Superfund
TOTAL $1,675.0 $1,823.6 $1,823.6 $1,824.0 $0.4
Interagency Superfund
National Oceanographic
I Atmospheric
Administration
Hazardous Substance $2,148.0 $2,212.1 $2,212.1 $2,212.0 -$0.1
Superfund
TOTAL $2,148.0 $2,212.1 $2,212.1 $2,212.0 -$0.1
Interagency Superfund
Department of Interior
Hazardous Substance $1,153.4 $1,216.7 $1,216.7 $1,217.0 $0.3
Superfund
TOTAL $1,153.4 $1,216.7 $1,216.7 $1,217.0 $0.3
Interagency Superfund
FEMA-Relocation
Hazardous Substance $5,864.2
Superfund
TOTAL $5,864.2
Interagency Superfund
Occupational Safety I
Health Administration
Hazardous Substance $929.9 $700.2 $700.2 $700.0 $0.2
Superfund
^^ TOTAL $929.9 $700.2 $700.2 $700.0 $0.2
Interagency Superfund
Department of Health I
Hunan Services (NIEHS)
Hazardous Substance $36,254.8 $41,915.0 $41,915.0 $21,915.0 -$20,000.0
Superfund
TOTAL $36,254.8 $41,915.0 $41,915.0 $21,915.0 -$20,000.0
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance $123,758.5 $133,492.8 $133,492.8 $109,493.0 -$23,999.8
Superfund
Hazardous Substance TOTAL $123,758.5 $133,492.8 $133,492.8 $109,493.0 -$23,999.8
Response - Interagency
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response — Interagency
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $109,493,000 for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation for Interagency activities in 1992, a decrease of
$23,999,800 from 1991. The decrease occurs in the Department of Health and Human
Services (HHS) in the National Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences
(NIEHS) and in the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR).
This represents the Agencies decision not to request the 1991 Congressional add-
ons for these programs. The requested funding will finance the ongoing Superfund
program activities of the Department of Justice, the United States Coast Guard,
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Department of the
Interior, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the Occupational Safety
and Health Administration.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (HHS)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $66,415,000 ($44,500,000 for ATSDR and
$21,915,000 for NIEHS) for the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. This
request represents a decrease of $24,000,000 ($4,000,000 for ATSDR and
$20,000,000 for NIEHS) from 1991 levels.
In 1992, ATSDR will continue to provide technical support and expertise as
required under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), as amended, to protect public health and worker
safety, and to determine the toxicological and human health impacts associated
with hazardous substances. Emphasis will be placed on expanding state responsi-
bilities and involvement. In response to citizen petitions, ATSDR will: produce
and oversee state production of approximately 170 health assessments for National
Priorities List (NPL) sites; perform pilot health effects studies for approxi-
mately 10 sites; and provide approximately 2,200 health consultations to states,
local governments, and EPA.
In addition, ATSDR will produce and review final versions of 30 toxicologi-
cal profiles initiated in prior fiscal years and draft versions of 20 new
profiles. Health assistance support will be provided for emergency responses
through an estimated 1,000 consultations. ATSDR will: maintain and update one
existing subregistry of the National Exposure Registry; continue five existing
and two new site-specific surveillance projects; operate nine state based
surveillance projects; and initiate six epidemiologic studies based on findings
of pilot he* ,'r studies. Technical assistance will continue to the health
community by ..intenance of automated directories and information systems such
as the Toxological Network (TOXNET) and the Environmental Health Information
Resources Directory.
In 1992, NIEHS will: continue to provide basic research grants for the
development of improved methods and technologies to detect hazardous substances
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in human health and environmental media; assess and evaluate risks and health
effects from hazardous substances; and develop methods for the treatment and
attenuation of these effects. Biomedical research will be conducted at 11
universities by teams of engineering, physical, and environmental scientists.
In total, 87 studies will be supported. Graduate students and post-doctoral
researchers will assist in .research conducted at NIEHS-supported universities.
NIEHS will manage a grant program to provide training to workers, such as
laborers, emergency responders, and hazardous material transporters, and
supervisors engaged in activities related to hazardous substance removal and
containment. The twenty-one grants awarded to train workers and supervisors will
be monitored for their efficiency and effectiveness.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $90,415,000 ($48,500,000 for
ATSDR and $41,915,000 for NIEHS) from the Hazardous Substance Superfund.
appropriation.
In 1991, ATSDR is: conducting health assessments at all sites proposed for
the NPL; conducting health studies at those sites when needed; investigating
complaints of illness or disease related to exposure to hazardous substances;
developing appropriate biological testing for exposed individuals; and developing
and maintaining registries of exposed individuals. CERCLA requires ATSDR to
perform a health assessment within one year from the date of an NPL site
proposal.
Additional and expanded activities mandated by the Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986 for ATSDR are to: develop a list of priority
chemicals and produce toxicological profiles on those chemicals at the rate of
25 per year; oversee an estimated 1,100 health assessments and health consulta-
tions in response to citizen petitions; develop a research program to help fill
data gaps on toxicological profile chemicals; prepare and disseminate health
education information; and report to Congress on health-related activities.
In 1991, NIEHS is enhancing its basic research and training, and worker
safety training grants programs. Approximately 30 additional research studies
are being funded at the eleven universities conducting research. Through two
scientific conferences, NIEHS distributes research findings, pilots new
technologies, integrates research findings, and identifies continuing information
gaps. Emphasis on technology transfer is increased in 1991. In the worker
safety grants program, NIEHS will implement the recommendations of the
evaluations of the first 11 training grant programs. The evaluations were
conducted to ensure that the grantees are providing a program of high quality
instruction to workers targeted by the program and to ensure that the training
received is being used by workers such as laborers and emergency responders who
are, or may be, engaged in activities related to hazardous substance removal and
containment.
Congressional Directives. A total of $24,000,000 is for Congressionally directed
projects: $4,000,000 for ATSDR; $10,000,000 for the NIEHS university based
research and education program; and $10,000,000 for NIEHS worker training.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, $81,433,800 was obligated from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation by HHS ($45,179,000 for ATSDR and $36,254,800 for NIEHS).
In 1990, ATSDR completed 217 health assessments, bringing total completions
to 1,200. ATSDR also completed one ongoing pilot study/investigation on a
•elected population, continued work on 13 studies, initiated five health studies,
and provided approximately 1,850 health consultations. In compliance with CERCLA
Section 104(i) (3); which requires ATSDR to prepare toxicological profiles on the
first 100 most hazardous substances found at Superfund sites, ATSDR completed 30
profiles covering 43 new and five updated substances during 1990. ATSDR
conducted approximately 1,000 health consultations to private and public health
care providers. The program added four sites to the Toxic Chemical Evaluation
(TCE) sub-registry, in addition, a dioxin sub-registry was maintained. Work
continued on the development of the policies and procedures for the National
Disease Registry. ATSDR's health education activities during 1990 included: the
continuation of training for state and local health officials on the use of the
TOXNET and other on-line systems operated by the National Library of Medicine;
the development of environmental health case studies for use by the medical
community; and education activities through the environmental and occupational
health clinic network.
In 1990, 11 universities received funding from NIEHS to conduct 103
separate basic research studies in a grants program designed to fulfill the
requirements of a Superfund Basic Research and Professional Training Plan. The
Plan was developed by NIEHS and approved by the HHS Advisory Council on Hazardous
Substances Research and Training, as required by Section 311(a) of SARA.
The number of organizations receiving worker training safety grants
increased from 11 to 16. These additional grantee organizations used training
materials developed by NIEHS's original grantees. The number of trainees in
these programs has increased to 95,000. NIEHS also maintained a clearing house
established by and for its grantees to assure the communication and coordination
of a Nationwide training effort in Superfund worker training.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE fPOJi
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $32,324,000 for DOJ from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation. There is no change from 1991.
In 1992, the requested resources will support expanded Superfund cases.
DOJ will maintain its support to the Agency in reviewing negotiated consent
decrees, de minimis settlements, enforcement of information requests, and an
expanded docket of access cases. In addition, DOJ will impose civil penalties
in instances where PRPs: violate notification requirements of CERCLA; deny access
to sites; destroy records; violate financial responsibility regulations; or
violate administrative and judicial settlement agreements. DOJ will pursue
criminal cases and continue to provide support to EPA's expanded cost recovery
efforts. DOJ will also defend the Agency against citizen suits, pre-enforcement
review cases, reimbursement claims, and challenges to EPA administrative civil
penalty decisions.
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1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $32,324,000 from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation for DOJ. DOJ is providing civil and criminal
enforcement litigation which includes counseling on and enforcing administrative
orders, giving warrants for entry, instituting suits to compel removal and
remedial actions, and recovering response costs incurred by the Fund.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, $25,754,200 was obligated from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation by DOJ. These resources were used for litigation and other
enforcement related activities. Key accomplishments included the filing of 43
settlement/injunctive (CERCLA Section 106) cases and 77 cost recovery (CERCLA
Section 107) cases. In addition to the cases filed, DOJ supported 63 Section
106 and 120 Section 107 on-going cases filed prior to 1990. DOJ also concluded
29 Section 106 cases and 20 Section 107 cases by consent decrees.
UNITED STATES COAST GUARD (USCG)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,801,000 for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation for the USCG. This is a decrease of $200 from the 1991
level.
In 1992, the USCG will continue to reduce the occurrence and effects of
releases of hazardous substances by enforcing applicable sections of CERCLA, as
amended. Included in the activities, the USCG will: issue and check Certificates
of Financial Responsibility; investigate hazardous substance spill reports; and
determine penalties and prepare liability assessments for potentially responsible
parties. In addition, the USCG will continue to minimize the effects of releases
of hazardous substances into the coastal environment by providing an adequately
equipped and properly trained workforce to investigate releases and to monitor
or supervise removal actions. The USCG will also ensure the effective management
of the CERCLA program within its purview. It will enhance the effectiveness of
DSCG policies and plans that are established and maintained to aid On-Scene
Coordinators (OSCs) in successfully dealing with CERCLA incidents. Additional
responsibilities will include: providing a central point of contact for receiving
reports of releases of hazardous substances and notifying the pre-designated
Federal OSC; providing assistance in assessing the hazards of released
substances; and supporting the National Response Team (NRT) and Regional Response
Teams (RRTs). The USCG will also continue the medical monitoring system to
minimize the possibility of any physical impairment or harmful effects to USCG
enforcement or response personnel from exposure to hazardous substances,
pollutants, or contaminants.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,801,200 from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation for the USCG.
The USCG provides a central point of contact for receiving reports of
releases of hazardous substances and notifies the pre-designated OSC and other
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appropriate governmental and/or private entities. The USCG provides assistance
in the assessment of the hazards of released pollutants. It supports the NRT and
RRT components of the National response mechanism. The USCG continues the
medical monitoring system to minimize the possibility of any physical impairment
or harmful effects to USCG enforcement or response personnel from exposure to
hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants. The USCG develops and
maintains information systems for program management analysis and the necessary
chemical assessment data systems for proper response .to hazardous substance
incidents.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, $4,800,000 was obligated from the Hazardous Substance Response
appropriation for the USCG. These resources were used to conduct response
training for USCG personnel, upgrade the capabilities of the National Response
Center (NRC), maintain safety equipment, and support field data systems that aid
response programs and minimize the possibility of harm to personnel from exposure
to hazardous substances. In addition, funds supported active participation by
the USCG on the NRT and RRTs.
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION (NOAA)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,212,000 for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation for NOAA. This is a decrease of $100 from the 1991
level.
In 1992, these resources will allow NOAA to continue its efforts to support
technical assistance to OSCs for releases of hazardous substances in coastal and
marine areas. NOAA will continue to develop and improve information sources,
analytical systems, and computer-based tools, such as the Computer-Aided
Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO) program, to minimize risk and improve
the effectiveness of response operations. In addition, NOAA will continue to
provide technical support to the Agency during hazardous waste site investiga-
tions to identify and assess risks to coastal resources. NOAA will act as
technical liaison with the Agency and other Federal, state, and local agencies
on coastal resource issues of common interest.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating $2,212,100 from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation for NOAA. In addition to its continuing responsibili-
ties, NOAA will provide technical support for activities associated with
hazardous waste site removal and remedial actions affecting coastal and marine
resources; develop and conduct field testing of advanced chemical sampling
analytical equipment used for response operations; and provide policy support to
the NRT/RRTs and to state and local entities in the areas of contingency
planning, community relations, communications, preparedness evaluation, and
training.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, $2,148,000 was obligated from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
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appropriation by NOAA. These resources were used to support NOAA's ongoing
operations including the purchase, development, and field testing of state-of-
the-art sampling and analytical equipment necessary for efficient and safe
response operations associated with implementing the Superfund program. Funds
were also used to support the computer-based communication and information
systems to provide identification of likely accident location, trajectory
analysis of spilled hazardous materials, potential human and environmental
impacts of accidents, and training for response personnel via spill simulation.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR fDOIl
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,217,000 for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation for DOI. This is an increase of $300 from the 1991
level.
DOI will continue to: participate in NRT/RRT preparedness and training
activities; provide coordination of its range of natural resource and other
scientific and technical expertise with Headquarters personnel in agencies
participating in the NRT; provide guidance, consultation, technical assistance
and training to states and local governments on emergency preparedness and
response planning; provide staff support functions to the administration of the
National Response System; and provide direction and technical information to
field units with respect to releases of hazardous substances, whether they occur
at Superfund sites or as emergency incidents. In addition, DOI will conduct
training sessions and workshops, develop guidance, and provide consultation.
Technical assistance to develop and enhance state and Federal trustee officials'
capacity to conduct natural resource damage assessments will be emphasized.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,216,700 from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation for DOI. DOI participates in RRT (nine DOI
Regions covering thirteen standing RRTs preparedness and training activities, as
well as administrative work group activities. To ensure that proper consider-
ation is given to natural resources and sensitive environments, DOI provides
guidance, consultation, technical assistance, and training to states and local
governments. DOI also conducts training sessions and workshops, develops
guidance, and provides consultation and technical assistance enhancing state and
Federal trustee officials' capacity to conduct natural resource damage
assessments. These efforts result in effective claims for compensation of
natural resource losses or injuries from releases of hazardous substances, from
Superfund sites or during emergency incidents.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, $1,153,400 was obligated from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation by DOI. These resources enabled DOI to participate in NRT/RRT
preparedness and training activities and to continue its involvement in state and
local emergency preparedness and technical assistance to natural resources
trustees.
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FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY (FEMA1
1992 Program Request
\
\
The Agency requests a total of $1,824,000 for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation for FEMA. This ie an increase of $400 from the 1991
level.
In 1992, FEMA will continue to support the Superfund program in the
management and coordination of training programs for local officials through the
Emergency Management Institute and the National Fire Academy. These courses
provide training to expeditiously respond to hazardous materials incidents,
preserve the environment, and protect public health and safety. Resources will
be used to maintain local, state/ and Federal emergency preparedness and
administrative support. Resources will continue to fund the distribution of
educational materials at state and local levels, and to support the training and
team building necessary to enhance specialized response capabilities.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,823,600, of which $140,400
is supporting temporary and permanent relocations from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
In 1991, FEMA continues to provide technical assistance to state and local
governments through improved coordination with the RRT for all preparedness
activities, including contingency plan review, training support, planning support
for four Regional workshops, and exercise evaluations. FEMA provides support to
the NRT initiatives for information exchange.
In 1991, the permanent and temporary relocation program is being
redelegated to the Agency. During 1991, FEMA will continue to work with the
projects already started in previous years.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, $1,675,000, of which $334,238 supported temporary and permanent
relocations was obligated from the Hazardous Substance Superfund by FEMA. These
resources were used to: support FEMA's development of relocations guidelines and
regulations; provide management oversight for temporary and permanent locations;
provide preparedness guidance and technical assistance to state and local
governments; maintain the FEMA/Department of Transportation information exchange
system; enhance coordination of hazardous materials issues with the public and
private sector; provide continued support for NRT/RRT initiatives; and support
the FEMA/EPA instructor exchange program. FEMA also enhanced knowledge, skill,
and ability standards for instructors and continued to deliver existing training
systems at the state and local level.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AKD HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $700,000 for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation for OSHA. This is a decrease of $200 from the 1991
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level.
In 1992, OSHA will conduct six compliance assistance visits to review site
safety and health plans and programs. OSHA will increase correspondence and
participation in conferences to explain the requirements of its Hazardous Waste
Standard (HHS), to requestors. OSHA will also provide technical assistance to
EPA and other Federal agencies, and develop guidelines and procedures in the1.
composition of manuals for assessing safety and health at hazardous waste sites.
In addition, OSHA will continue to participate actively in the NRT and RRTs by
providing outreach and technical assistance to other team member agencies.
In 1992, OSHA will: complete its implementation of the HWS by developing
a training certification program for hazardous waste and emergency response
operations to ensure that hazardous waste workers are properly trained; conduct
approximately 50 audits and evaluations during 1992; and conduct inspections at
approximately 30 hazardous waste sites, based upon referrals from the Agency, or
other hazardous situations identified for the Agency. In addition, the 20 states
and 2 territories which operate OSHA approved Safety and Health Programs will
conduct 22 inspections.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $700,200 from the Hazardous
Substance Superfund appropriation for OSHA.
OSHA continues to conduct safety and health inspections at Superfund sites
and provide assistance at the sites to the NKT/RRTs. The resources allow OSHA
to support: technical assistance at hazardous waste sites; worker safety
inspections and enforcement at sites where Superfund remedial actions are
underway; and assistance to the NRT/RRT in preparedness and training activities.
Funds are also applied to support: information sharing activities; the review and
development of contingency plans; participation in simulation exercises; and
training activities. OSHA uses resources to develop required standards for the
certification of training for employees engaged in hazardous waste operations.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, $929,900 was obligated from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation by OSHA. The funds were used to: train OSHA inspectors; maintain
a special inspection program for Superfund sites; provide technical assistance
to EPA; provide support for the activities of the NRT/KRTs, and enforce a
required worker protection standard.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
SUPERFUND
ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement 14-54
Hazardous Substance Technical Enforcement 14-56
Hazardous Substance Legal Enforcement 14-58
Hazardous Substance Criminal Investigations 14-61
Hazardous Substance Technical Support - Office of Enforcement . 14-62
Hazardous Substance Federal Facilities Enforcement 14-64
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substances Response-Enforcement
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Hazardous Substance-
Technical Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance-
Legal Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance-
Criminal Investigations
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Technical Support -
Office of Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Federal Facilities
Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Response-Enforcement
$121.706.0 $118.562.3 $118,562.3 $120,350.0
TOTAL $121,706.0 $118,562.3 $118,562.3 $120,350.0
$21,872.3 $22,946.0 $22,946.1 $25,757.6
TOTAL $21,872.3 $22.946.0 $22,946.1 $25,757.6
$1,425.9 $1.572.4 $1,572.4 $1,603.8
TOTAL $1.425.9 $1.572.4 $1,572.4 $1,603.8
$13,448.8 $10.749.9 $10,749.9 $10,812.7
TOTAL $13,448.8 $10,749.9 $10,749.9 $10,812.7
TOTAL
$21,073.0 $21,073.0 $32,011.9
$21,073.0 $21,073.0 $32,011.9
$1,787.7
$1,787.7
$2,811.5
$2,811.5
$31.4
$31.4
$62.8
$62.8
$10,938.9
$10,938.9
TOTAL
$158,453.0 $174,903.6 $174,903.7 $190,536.0 $15,632.3
$158,453.0 $174.903.6 $174,903.7 $190,536.0 $15,632.3
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance
Technical Support -
Office of Enforcement
Hazardous Substance-
Technical Enforcement
Hazardous Substance-
Legal Enforcement
Hazardous Substance-
Criminal Investigations
Hazardous Substance
Federal Facilities
Enforcement
45.3
45.4
45.4
45.4
0.0
802.6
338.1
18.7
807.4
398.5
17.2
114.2
807.4
398.5
17.2
114.2
858.7
429.3
17.2
240.1
51.3
30.8
125.9
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS
1,204.7 1,382.7 1,382.7 1,590.7
208.0
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response-Enforcement
ACTUAL ENACTED
1990 1991
CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
TOTAL HORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Substance-
Technical Enforcement
Hazardous Substance-
Legal Enforcement
Hazardous Substance-
Criminal Investigations
Hazardous Substance
Technical Support -
Office of Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Federal Facilities
Enforcement
TOTAL WOMCYEARS
850.8
381.8
18.7
46.9
,298.2
848.7
419.3
17.2
45.4
115.0
1,445.6
848.7
419.3
17.2
45.4
115.0
1,445.6
858.7
429.3
17.2
45.4
240.1
1,590.7
10.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
125.1
145.1
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency request a total of $190,536,000 supported by 1,590.7 workyears
for 1992 for the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation for technical,
administrative and legal enforcement activities. When included with the budgets
of the Department of Justice (DOJ) and Office of General Counsel, the total
Superfund request is $225.0 million and 1,628.6 workyears. This is an increase
of $15,632,300 and 145.1 total workyears from the level provided in 1991. The
increase supports the "Enforcement-first* approach, recommended in the
Administrator's Superfund Management Review (SMR), increased Federal facility
oversight and enhanced efforts to achieve potentially responsible party (PRP)
site remediation and recover Federal and state costs from PRPs.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE TECHNICAL ENFORCEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $120,350,000 and 858.7 workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropria-
tion. This represents an increase of $1,787,700 and 10 workyears from 1991.
Additional funds will be used to provide support for PRP remedial and removal
response actions and cost recovery actions. The increase in workyears reflects
a shift in resources from the Hazardous Spill and Site Response program to the
Technical Enforcement program for information management activities.
The Technical Enforcement program will strengthen its program infrastruc-
ture by: increasing the number of civil investigators identifying PRPs; improving
its cost documentation efforts in support of cost recoveries; and increasing its
focus on management of the administrative record. This will minimize delays in
negotiations with PRPs and thus continue the trend toward an increased percentage
of sites remediated by PRPs. Emphasis on the PRP searches will also serve to
strengthen enforcement action against recalcitrants PRPs. The Agency will
continue to direct its use of available administrative and judicial enforcement
tools on obtaining PRP response actions, and will focus on managing and bringing
to successful closure PRP response and enforcement actions already underway.
PRPs not responding to requests for information will be subject to enforcement
actions. The enforcement program will oversee PRP conduct of the study and
remedy selection and site remediation phase of the process.
The Agency will encourage settlements with PRPs through the use of de
minimis and mixed funding settlements. Where settlements are not achieved, the
Agency will issue administrative orders and, in some cases, pursue litigation for
injunctive relief. The Agency will also pursue non-settlers, and follow with
aggressive cost recovery actions when the Trust Fund is used for removal and
remediation response actions. The Agency will seek treble damages when
compliance has not been reached on a unilateral order. The enforcement program
will place priority on large cases and cases constrained by statute of
limitations. This strategy will result in the return of needed resources to the
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Trust Fund and, in the long term, increased compliance with Superfund enforcement
actions.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $118,562,300 supported by
848.7 total workyears, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation, to secure and oversee PRP response at National Priorities List
(NPL) and other priority sites and to pursue cost recovery actions.
The Agency is continuously strengthening its enforcement program as a result
of the SMR. Increased focus is placed on finding PRPs early in the process and
exhausting all available enforcement tools to obtain their response before using
the Trust Fund. Where PRPs fail to respond to information requests adequately,
prompt enforcement follows. To encourage settlement, the Agency is pursuing de
minimis and mixed funding settlements. Where negotiations fail to achieve
settlement, the Agency is strengthening its efforts against non-settlers by
issuing unilateral orders to achieve response or to establish treble damage
claims for cost recovery.
If a PRP settles, strong oversight at the start of the process will prevent
unnecessary delays at the remedy selection phase. Where necessary, stipulated
penalties or conducting alternative dispute resolution are undertaken where the
PRPs are out of compliance with the administrative order or consent decree.
Where Fund-financed action has been undertaken, the program is pursuing
administrative or judicial cost recovery actions. Aggressive cost recovery
actions against non-settlers will increase the cost of recalcitrance.
Congressional directive; A total of $100,000 is for the Congressionally directed
increase for a PRP study in Vermont.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $121,706,000 supported by 850.8
total workyears, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. During 1990, responsibility for Federal facility oversight was
moved from Hazardous Substance Technical Enforcement to the Office of Enforce-
ment.
During 1990, PRP remedial response continued to exceed half the remedial
actions initiated. The program also concluded remedial design/remedial action
negotiations and referred cases to DOJ resulting in 60 Consent Decrees and 44
Unilateral Administrative Orders. Agreements and orders in compliance at 97
sites resulted in remedial work valued at nearly $1 billion. For the entire
program, the value of response was over $1.3 billion. Funds received as a
result of cost recovery actions exceeded $100 million.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LEGAL ENFORCEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $25,757,600 supported by 429.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
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Superfund appropriation. This represents an increase of $2,811,500 and an
increase of 10.0 workyears from 1991. The dollar increase reflects increased
personnel and support costs. The increase in workyears reflects legal support
to the regional Federal Facilities enforcement activities.
Federal Superfund legal enforcement work will continue in two major areas:
(1) actions to secure privately-financed site cleanups, and (2) cost recovery
actions to recoup Superfund Trust Fund resources expended in Fund-financed
cleanup activities. These actions will allow Fund resources to be focused on
abandoned sites or sites with insolvent responsible parties where direct use of
the Fund presents the only available response option. "Cost recovery" actions
will return prior expended monies to the Fund and permit resources to address a
larger number of sites. In addition, increased emphasis on Federal facility
cleanup will provide an example for private party cleanup of National Priority
Listing (NPL) sites.
Headquarters activity will ensure a balanced technical and legal
enforcement program. Particular emphasis will be placed on providing legal
support for expeditiously moving Superfund sites through the "pipeline" of
cleanup responsibilities. Remedial design/remedial action settlements will
facilitate the conduct of Potentially Responsible Party (PRPs) cleanup.
Program oversight will identify major program goals that include: (1)
achieving greater numbers of remedial cost recovery actions; (2) conducting RD/RA
consent decree enforcement; and (3) supporting Federal Facility Znteragency
Agreement (IAG) negotiation work. Management information systems which were
developed in 1990 to track new or refined indicators of Superfund enforcement
accomplishments will continue to be utilized to ensure that key information
necessary to formulate policy objectives is available.
Headquarters will focus its litigation work on areas recommended in the
Superfund Management Review (SMR) such as unilateral administrative and judicial
enforcement, enforcement against non-settlers, enforcement against information
request non-respondents, and treble damage and civil penalty claims. In
addition, cost recovery efforts will be expanded to monitor the progress of
referrals for pre-SARA remedial starts. Headquarters capacity building
activities will continue to focus on attorney training through the Superfund
Training Institute because of the high attorney turnover rate and the complexity
of Superfund cases.
Negotiated settlements will remain the Agency's primary goal and will
necessitate early involvement in the enforcement process. The Agency policy of
•enforcement first" will place high priority on negotiations with (and unilateral
enforcement against) Potentially Responsible Parties for site cleanup. The
statutory mandate for public participation and the use of several Superfund
Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA) enforcement remedies will continue to
produce a dramatic expansion in Regional legal enforcement workload.
Regions legal enforcement in 1992 will support follow-up of unilateral
Section 106 administrative orders, as well as Section 107 cost recovery cases.
Legal actions will be aggressively pursued for maximum impact to potentially
responsible parties currently in negotiations.
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A total of 10.0 additional workyears in 1992 will provide Regional legal
support to the Office of Federal Facilities Enforcement Regional staff in
responding to changes in existing IAGs and Regional Federal Facilities
enforcement activities, as more DOE and DOD Superfund sites require subsequent
negotiations, and dispute resolution of existing Interagency Agreements (IAGs)
is also required.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $22,946,100 supported by 419.3
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
In 1991, the "enforcement first policy" of the Superfund Management Review
(SMR) will continue to be implemented to achieve greater numbers of PRP site
cleanup actions. To ensure full support to technical enforcement efforts for
meeting statutory deadlines for Remedial Design (RD)/Remedial Action (RA),
Headquarters will deploy troubleshooters with national expertise to provide
targeted, hands-on supplementary support for key cases. The enforcement
strategy, as identified in the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response's
(OSWER) FY 1991-1994 Strategic Plan, is incorporating targeted enforcement
actions through increased use of risk and geographic indicators focusing
enforcement resources and setting program priorities. Headquarters legal staff
are developing an interim policy for the Regions on Section 106(b)(2) private
party petitions for reimbursement of cleanup costs.
Headquarters activity in 1991 will focus on the following areas:
finalization and implementation of non-settler strategy; issuance of the model
RD/RA consent decree; refinement of the strategy of de minimis and non-binding
preliminary allocation of responsibility (NBAR) settlement authorities;
Alternative Dispute Resolution in Superfund settlements; implementation of the
information request enforcement strategy; and implementation of the Section 106
penalty and Section 107 treble damage settlement policies. In addition, Regional
reviews are conducted quarterly to focus on attainment of revised policy
objectives and the quality and quantity of Regional legal enforcement work.
Headquarters litigation management work will focus on areas such as greater
use of unilateral administrative and judicial enforcement, enforcement against
non-settlers, enforcement against information request non-respondents, and treble
damage and civil penalty claims. Management of civil cases will include support
to Charles George. Operating Industries. Strinufellow. Lipari Landfill. Love
Canal, and other significant or nationally-managed cases, as well as cases using
pre-referral negotiation procedures. Headquarters will initiate a system for
monitoring private party litigation to track precedential rulings. Headquarters
capacity building activity will expand to cover new areas of emphasis in attorney
training.
Regional legal enforcement work continues in 1991 on a number of major
Sections 106 and 107 cases, many of which are expected to reach successful
resolution. Intense legal involvement early in the enforcement actions will
continue to improve the Agency's negotiating position and lead to achievement of
stronger settlements. The upsurge in administrative enforcement as an effective
tool to encouraging private party cleanup is expected to continue in 1991. In
addition, judicial actions will be pursued where administrative enforcement tools
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do not Bucceed in securing response action, where remedial settlements need to
be documented, and where costs associated with Fund-financed site cleanups
require recovery. Legal actions against PRPs will be aggressively pursued both
for maximum impact and to encourage recalcitrant PRPs to enter into negotiations.
In addition, further activities to coordinate with natural resource trustees will
be undertaken.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated $21,872,300 supported by 381.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
The direction, scope, and accomplishments of the 1990 legal enforcement
program were strongly influenced by the Superfund Management Review which served
as the major blueprint for the "enforcement first policy" for obtaining site
cleanup by potentially responsible parties.
Program accomplishments in 1990 reflected the emphasis placed on
enforcement. The Agency dramatically increased the level of Superfund judicial
enforcement activity in 1990 with 157 civil cases referred to the Department of
Justice primarily seeking injunctive relief for hazardous waste site cleanup by
potentially responsible parties, recovery of response costs, and securing access
to sites for obtaining information. Significantly more actions were taken to
start long-term site cleanup using the Agency's enforcement tools. For example,
in 1990, the Agency issued 44 unilateral administrative orders for Remedial
Design and Remedial Action (RD/RA) (compared to 28 in 1989) and secured 97 RD/RA
cleanups through settlements or unilateral administrative orders in compliance
(compared to 74 in 1989). The total estimated value of the 274 settlements
undertaken by the PRPs in 1990 is over $1.3 billion (a nearly five-fold increase
since 1987). To address cost recovery claims, the Agency referred over $185
million in civil actions to the Department of Justice for collection in 1990, up
from $136 million in 1989.
In addition to providing significant support to many ongoing major complex
Superfund negotiations, trials and appeals, Headquarters staff completed many of
the remaining SMR implementation products including: a settlement policy for
municipalities or municipal wastes under Section 122; procedures governing the
pre-referral settlement negotiation process; guidance for unilateral
administrative order authority for remedial designs and remedial actions under
Section 106(a); guidance on judicial and administrative settlements of
enforcement cases involving multi-media releases; and a model litigation report,
model complaint and model consent decree for Section 104(e) information request
cases.
In the Regions, legal work continued on a number of previously filed
Sections 106 and 107 cases. Intense legal and technical preparation early in
enforcement actions improved the negotiating position. Also the increased use
of special notice moratoria and Section 106 unilateral administrative orders in
the event settlement was not reached in a timely fashion improved the negotiating
position. In 1990, a large proportion of Regional legal resources were utilized
in preliminary enforcement activity and administrative enforcement. Judicial
actions were used where administrative enforcement tools did not succeed in
securing response actions. Continued efforts have been made to improve and
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expedite the litigation process. For example, proeection of Section 107 cases
has benefitted from a Headquarters-developed computer model for calculation of
interest payable by defendants in cost recovery proceedings. In addition to
actions against potentially responsible parties, Regional legal resources were
heavily involved in significant Federal Facilities negotiations, at facilities
such as Fernald. Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Rocky Flats, and Aberdeen Proving
Ground, which were intended to result in Znteragency cleanup of federally-owned
sites.
In 1990, as a result of an Agency reorganization, the Superfund Federal
Facilities program of the Office of Federal Activities were provided here. The
Federal Facilities program continued to develop communication vehicles to
exchange information on Section 120 Interagency Agreements, Sub-part K to the
National Contingency Plan on Federal Facilities, the Federal Agency Hazardous
Compliance Docket, and Superfund activities and guidance pertinent to Federal
Facilities.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,603,800 supported by 17.2 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents an increase of $31,400 and no change in total
workyears from 1991. The dollar increase is provided for additional operating
costs
Criminal referrals and indictments continue to grow due to changes in
statutory authority, growth in National Priority List sites, and increased
commitment to Federal facility enforcement. Criminal sanctions under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) as
amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) have changed
from misdemeanors to felonies (punishable by a maximum of 3 years imprisonment,
5 years for second and subsequent convictions) for: failure to report or
submitting false information on releases of hazardous substances; destruction or
falsification of records; or submitting false information in a clean up.
There were 35 new criminal investigations initiated by the end of the first
quarter of 1991, with a record number of new CERCLA investigations projected for
1991. This increased level of criminal investigation activity is expected to
continue into 1992. The program also promotes investigative aspects of CERCLA
criminal case development by establishing and implementing training programs for
Agency personnel.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,572,400 supported by 17.2
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriat ion.
Referral and indictment activities have grown over the last several years.
The basic goal is the initiation and conduct of criminal investigations under
CERCLA. This program takes the lead in prosecuting criminal cases of national
significance with precedent-setting potential.
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Many investigations begun &s CERC1A investigations, with potential use of
Fund resources ft cleanup at apparently abandoned sites, are subsequently
prosecuted under t Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). This results
in the Agency's - cord-keeping systems understating the level of effort for
CERCLA-related ce..ae. These types of RCRA cases with related CERCLA/SARA
offenses account for approximately 50 percent of field agents' caseloads and
manpower commitments. Currently there are 110 criminal cases alleging CERCLA
violations out of an active caseload of 218 cases.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,425,900 supported by 18.7 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substances
Superfund appropriat ion.
In 1990, the Criminal Investigation Program took the lead in prosecuting
criminal cases of national significance with precedent setting potential with
field agents and prosecuting attorneys often combining CERCLA investigations with
RCRA investigations. During 1990, there were 105 criminal cases alleging CERCLA
violations out of an active caseload of 216 cases. In 1988 there were 97 new
cases, in 1989 there were 120 new cases and in 1990 there were 112 new cases
added to the criminal docket. The number of CERCLA-related convictions has
increased over past years; there were 8 cases with CERCLA convictions in 1988,
18 in 1989 and 17 in 1990. The program also provided several training programs
for Agency and State personnel in CERCLA criminal case investigations.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE TECHNICAL SUPPORT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,812,700 supported by 45.4 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. This represents an increase of $62,800 and no change
in total workyears from 1991. The dollar increase will provide for additional
operating costs.
The National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) will provide
necessary technical support to Superfund civil and criminal cases. NEIC support
of high priority cases utilizes national expertise in areas such as in:crotation
systems, engineering and analytical chemistry. NEIC will continue to conduct
investigations at Federal facilities or government-owned contractor-operated
facilities, including evaluation of past on-site hazardous substance disposal
practices. This information will be used to determine site clean-up priorities
and develop model evaluation procedures and remedial programs applicable ct. other
facilities.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $10,749,900 supported by 45.4
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
In 1991, NEIC's activities include providing technical consultation and
assistance in site evaluations and case preparations through:
14-62
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a) extensive background information and data review and analysis;
b) field investigation, information retrieval and evaluation;
c) laboratory analysis;
d) report preparation;
e) supplemental technical information development;
f) fully defensible evidence and work products meeting all chain-of-
custody and document control requirements;
g) fact and expert technical testimony; and
h) support during Superfund cost recovery activities against
potentially responsible parties.
NEIC will continue to provide support evidence audit and/or computerized
files development for numerous sites and provide training, placement and
oversight of contractor evidence audit personnel in each Region. Extensive
technical assistance to EPA and States on laboratory analytical procedures;
preparation and handling of high hazardous samples; disposal of hazardous
laboratory waste; sample shipping procedures; training of EPA and state
inspectors regarding site investigations and safety procedures; and in-depth
studies of chemical hazards to laboratory and field personnel engaged in
hazardous waste investigations will continue.
In 1991, NEIC's function of developing procedures in unique enforcement
cases is expanding to provide advice and assistance to Regional offices on case
preparation and evidence support for Section 106 orders and subsequent potential
judicial actions, as well as technical support and information retrieval and
interpretation in cost recovery actions. In addition, Geographical Information
System (GZS) technology is expanding to incorporate Superfund site evaluations
by delineating hazardous plumes, work profiles, and buried materials. These
activities support recommendations in EPA's Superfund Management Review.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $13,448,800 supported by 46.9
workyears, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation.
In 1990, NEIC provided financial assessments from the Superfund Financial
Assessment System (SFFAS) to enable enforcement attorneys to estimate a
potentially responsible party's ability to pay clean-up costs at Superfund sites.
In addition, potentially responsible party (PRP) information from data bases
developed by the NEIC was provided as part of a networking effort to allow
Regional attorneys to share litigation strategies when PRPs are identified across
Regions. Especially noteworthy contributions are:
a) characterization of hazardous waste (fingerprinting);
14-63
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b) inclusion of the CERCLA requirements in investigating compliance at
major Federal facilities;
c) widespread Regional use of the contractor evidence audit litigation
support program; and
d) computerized information system searches of PRPs.
HE 1C also provided significant technical support to CERCLA Section 107 cost
recovery actions at three major sites - Stringfellow, Bunker Hill, and Charles
George. A record of decision (ROD) for the Stringfellow site included remedies
valued at over $100 million. NEIC's technical support on the Bunker Hill site
was instrumental in obtaining agreements with the PRPs for almost
$5 million in remedial action. In addition, NEZC provided witness support under
the Federal Rule for Civil Procedures and technical assistance in conducting
depositions on the Charles George case.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE FEDERAL FACILITIES ENFORCEMENT
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $32,011,900 supported by 240.1 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. This represents an increase of $10,938,900 and an
increase of 125.1 total workyears from 1991. The dollar increase in Superfund
reflects increased personnel costs and additional contract support. The
increases in total workyears will augment ongoing EPA technical oversight at
primarily Department of Energy (DOE), Department of Defense (DOD) and Department
of Interior (DOI) Superfund National Priority List (NPL) site cleanups under
CERCLA Section 120 Interagency Agreements (IAGs). (The request is part of a
135.1 workyears total increase for Federal Facility Enforcement. Ten years are
provided for Regional Legal Support.) This total increase will provide the
Agency with adequate resources to oversee cleanups at the 116 Superfund cleanup
sites on the NPL.
In 1992, increased workyears and contract dollars will be used to perform
active oversight at the nation's highest priority cleanup activities. OFFE will
focus on sites which pose the most significant environmental and public health
threats, in particular Department of Energy weapons facilities (i.e., Hanford,
Oakridge, Los Alamos, Fernald) and Department of Defense sites (i.e. Rocky
Mountain Arsenal, Aberdeen Proving Ground, McClellan Air Force Base).
These additional resources will be further leveraged by: implementing a
Federal Facility Enforcement Strategic Plan; providing technical assistance to
Federal agencies; assisting them in streamlining their cleanup programs;
providing risk-based priority guidelines to address worst sites first. This will
further increase the effectiveness of the Federal Government's response programs.
Headquarters will assist the Regions by : 1) in coordinating and overseeing
nationally-significant "mega sites" and the 116 National Priority List sites
currently governed by provisions in Superfund Federal Facilities IAGs; 2)
providing support on IAG dispute resolutions and amendments; 3) implementing a
national priorities system for Federal Facilities cleanups in consultation with
other Federal agencies and States; 4) issuing guidance on Federal Facility
14-64
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overflight; 5) increasing support to joint program management initiatives with DOE
and DOD; 6) fostering capacity building with other Federal agency cleanup
programs (NASA, Department of Agriculture, Department of Interior); and, 8)
providing training programs for other Federal agencies, Governed-Owned-Contractor
-Operated (COCO) facilities and States.
Headquarters will assist Regional Federal Facility work by: providing
guidance to the Regions through the Superfund Comprehensive Accomplishments Plan
(SCAP), modifying the CERCLIS data base system to improve Federal Facility
tracking, maintaining the Agency Hazardous Waste Compliance Docket.
In addition, Headquarters will assist the Regions with oversight of
facilities with multiple "operable units*. These sites will require a greater
than average resource investment for negotiations, dispute resolution and
amendments to the IA6.
Regional resources will be used to assist in the technical oversight of
Federal response actions and meeting EPA's commitments under an IAG. (EPA's IAGs
with Federal Facilities commit EPA to specific review times, e.g. 45 days). This
review will include technical documents such as Remedial Investigation/
Feasibility Study (RI/FSs) and other critical documents, such as the Proposed
Plan and Record of Decision. Regional resources will also support Federal agency
expedited response actions. EPA Federal Facility coordinators will primarily
oversee DOE and DOD site cleanup activities.
Coupled with this request in 1992, 10.0 workyears for Federal Facility work
in the Regions are being requested within the Office of Regional Counsel to
provide legal support. These resources will be specifically identified for
Federal Facility support and are requested within the Hazardous Substance Legal
Enforcement narrative.
Regional legal support is essential to the successful implementation of
existing commitments. Legal resources will primarily support oversight efforts
at those sites which pose the most significant threats, such as DOE and DOD mega
sites. In regard to existing IAGs, legal support will be used to ensure IAG
compliance, assist program staff in determining areas of non-compliance, develop
response strategies to non-compliance, support complex and time-consuming dispute
resolution activities and, where appropriate, conduct negotiations for IAG
modifications .
Additionally, there are several enforcement tools available beyond IAGs.
For example, CERCLA Section 106 Administrative Orders have been successfully used
to address imminent and substantial threats at both NPL and non-NPL sites.
Regional staff will continue to pursue regional responses at environmentally
significant sites by identifying and utilizing all appropriate enforcement tools.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $21,073,000 supported by 115.0
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropr iat ion .
14-65
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The Agency, in 1991, IB negotiating 39 CERCLA Section 120 agreements and
with Federal agencies to conduct cleanup of environmental contamination at
Federally-owned facilities. By the end of 1991 EPA will be overseeing a total of
116 Federal Facility lAGs. In addition, EPA will provide technical support for
review of cleanup plans and involve States early in the IAG negotiations process
to gain consensus on the steps necessary to remedy a site. Major program
priorities include: developing a national priorities system for Federal
Facilities cleanups in consultation with other Federal agencies and the States;
developing a Federal Facility Enforcement Strategic Plan; providing technical
assistance to Federal agencies; maintaining the Agency Federal Facilities
Hazardous Waste Compliance Docket; and managing the Technical Enforcement Support
contract.
In 1991, Headquarters personnel are formulating the Agency's national
program to oversee ongoing Federal Facility cleanups at 116 National Priority
List sites. Particular emphasis is being placed on providing guidance to
regional personnel on: the GOCO enforcement policy; mega-site management;
settlements with Federal Facilities at privately owned sites; RCRA/CERCLA
integration; community relations at Federal Facilities; and, environmental
restoration at military base closures.
Regional resources will be used to assist in the technical oversight of
Federal response actions. EPA Federal Facility coordinators will primarily
oversee DOE, DOD and DOI site cleanup activities. This will include reviewing
technical documents such as Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/Fss).
These resources will also support Federal agency expedited response actions.
In 1991, the Federal Facilities program was moved in a reorganization from
the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) into the Office of
Enforcement (OE). Resources in 1990 were transferred from OSWER's Office of
Waste Programs Enforcement (OWPE) into OE. As a result, the Office of Federal
Facilities Enforcement was created, to provide the Agency, Federal agencies and
States with one focal point for Federal Facility environmental cleanup and
compliance coordination. This activity was provided with a separate budget
program element in the Superfund Appropriation.
1990 Accomplishmente
In 1990, resources for this activity were incorporated under the Superfund
Technical Enforcement program element.
In 1990, EPA's Superfund Federal Facilities program accomplishments include
the execution of a record 45 CERCLA Section 120 IA6s at MPL sites. These lAGs
addressed a number of unique and complicated Federal Facility sites, such as the
DOE Rocky Flats Plant. These agreements formed the foundation of EPA's Superfund
Federal facilities enforcement program by describing key Agency responsibilities
and milestones. In additir * . EPA, in conjunction with DOJ, responded to several
imminent and substantial .reats through CERCLA Section 106 Administrative
Orders. In addition, E£ efforts to cooperatively address high priority
threats led to the execute, .1 of a model agreement with DOD for responding to
sites auctioned by DOD which contained hazardous substances.
In 1990, EPA also initiated policies and procedures to streamline the
Government's response program. By placing greater emphasis on interim remedies
14-66
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and removal actions, EPA was able to assist in leveraging limited Government
resources. EPA also worked closely with DOD and DOE to develop systematic
procedures for setting funding priorities. By working closely with other Federal
agencies, EPA was able to ensure that all priority response actions were funded.
In 1990, EPA initiated a program to address the health and safety needs of
regional personnel involved in NPL site work. In conjunction with Office of
Radiation Programs (ORP), a program was developed to conduct personnel monitoring
for EPA employees at DOE sites containing radioactive contaminants.
14-67
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
SUPERFUND
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Hazardous Substance Management and Support 14-68
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Headquarters .... 14-72
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Regions 14-73
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Headquarters . 14-73
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Regions .... 14-74
Hazardous Substance Contracts and Grants
Management - Headquarters 14-75
Hazardous Substance Contracts and Grants
Management - Regions 14-76
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Headquarters 14-77
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Regions 14-77
Hazardous Substance Computer Services 14-78
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Headquarters 14-78
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Regions 14-79
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Inspector General 14-80
Hazardous Substance - Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation 14-81
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Comptroller 14-83
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Administrator 14-84
Hazardous Substance - Office of Research
and Development - Management and Support 14-85
-------
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Management fc Support
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Substance
Financial Management -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance -
Financial Management -
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management - Regions
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
$15,276.4 $9,495.7 $9,495.7 $9,495.7
TOTAL $15,276.4 $9,495.7 $9,495.7 $9,495.7
$4,188.9 $7.993.0 $7,993.0 $7,993.0
TOTAL $4,188.9 $7,993.0 $7,993.0 $7,993.0
$3,766.0 $4,027.2 $4,027.2 $4,027.2
TOTAL $3,766.0 $4,027.2 $4,027.2 $4,027.2
$4,235.9 $3,430.3 $3,430.3 $3,430.3
TOTAL $4,235.9 $3,430.3 $3,430.3 $3,430.3
Hazardous Substance -
Contracts and Grants -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance -
Contracts and Grants -
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
$8,726.4 $10,464.1 $10,464.1 $10,464.1
TOTAL $8,726.4 $10,464.1 $10,464.1 $10,464.1
TOTAL
$3,004.2 $2,930.4 $2,930.4 $2,930.4
$3,004.2 $2,930.4 $2,930.4 $2,930.4
Hazardous Substance
Support Services -
Headquarters
Office of Inspector
General
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Support Services -
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
$788.0 $788.0 $788.0
$37.452.7 $34,617.9 $34,617.9 $39,964.2
TOTAL $37,452.7 $35,405.9 $35,405.9 $40,752.2
TOTAL
$22,885.1 $22,196.5 $22,195.4 $18,431.3
$22,885.1 $22,196.5 $22,195.4 $18,431.3
Hazardous Substance-
Computer Services
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
$10,023.0 $9,729.8 $9,729.8 $9,729.8
TOTAL $10,023.0 $9,729.8 $9,729.8 $9,729.8
TOTAL
$971.0
$971.0
$910.3
$910.3
$910.3
$910.3
$910.0
$910.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
$5,346.3
$5,346.3
-$3,764.1
-$3,764.1
0.0
0.0
-$0.3
-$0.3
14-68
-------
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substances Management t Support
ACTUAL
1990
ENACTED
1991
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
REQUEST INCREASE +
1992 DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services •
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance-
Office of the Inspector
General
Office of Inspector
General
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance-
Office of Policy.
Planning And Evaluation
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance-
Office of the
Comptroller
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance-
Office of the
Administrator
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance-
Office of Research and
Development - Lab
Support
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Office of Inspector
General
Hazardous Substance
*• * i
$1,003.3
$1,003.3
$9,729.5
$9,779.5
$3,265.7
$3,265.7
$911.3
$911.3
$1,078.6
$1,078.6
$821.8
$821.8
$9,729.5
$117,610.3
$1,229.5
$1,229.5
$12,318.4
$12,318.4
$3,449.6
$3,449.6
$1,081.0
$1,081.0
$1,322.6
$1.322.6
$714.1
$714.1
$13,106.4
$113,592.0
$1,229.5
$1,229.5
$12,318.4
$12,318.4
$3,449.6
$3,449.6
$1,081.0
$1,081.0
$1,322.6
$1,322.6
$714.1
$714.1
$13,106.4
$113,590.9
$1,230.0
$1,230.0
$14,166.0
$14,166.0
$3,450.0
$3,450.0
$1,081.0
$1,081.0
$1,023.0
$1,023.0
$2,149.6
$2,149.6
$14,954.0
$116,309.6
$0.5
$0.5
$1,847.6
$1,847.6
$0.4
$0.4
0.0
0.0
-S299.6
-$299. 6
$1,435.5
$1,435.5
$1,847.6
$2,718.7
Superfund
Management and Support TOTAL $127,339.8 $126,698.4 $126.697.3 $131,263.6 $4.566.3
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance
Financial Management
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance -
Financial Management
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management -
Headquarters
55.9 57.9
88.5
49.3
57.9 57.9
97.6 97.6 100.9
50.6 50.6
50.6
0.0
3.3
0.0
14-69
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SUPER FUND
Hazardous Substances Management t Support
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management - Regions
Hazardous Substance -
Contracts and Grants -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance -
Contracts and Grants -
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services -
Regions
Hazardous Substance-
Office of the Inspector
General
Hazardous Substance
Support Services -
Regions
Hazardous Substance-
.
88.3
116.9
59.4
9.8
21.1
60.9
0.5
10.2
(DOLLARS
66.4
140.2
52.0
12.0
23.8
84.8
12.1
IN THOUSANDS)
66.4
140.2
52.0
12.0
23.8
84.8
12.1
68.8
140.2
57.0
12.0
25.9
95.8
13.1
2.4
0.0
5.0
0.0
2.1
11.0
1.0
Office of Policy.
Planning And Evaluation
Hazardous Substance-
Office of the
Comptroller
Hazardous Substance-
Office of the
Administrator
Hazardous Substance-
Office of Research and
Development - Lab
Support
12.2
7.8
1.8
13.9
11.4
1.8
13.9
11.4
1.8
13.9
11.4
1.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
TOTAL PERMANENT UORICYEARS
582.6 624.5 624.5 649.3
24.8
TOTAL VORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance
Financial Management
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance -
Financial Management
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Actai nist rat ive
Management - Regions
57.0
51.1
97.2
57.9
50.6
57.9
68.8 68.8
57.9
92.2 100.9 100.9 100.9
50.6 50.6
68.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
14-70
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Office of the Inspector
General
Hazardous Substance-
Office of Policy.
Planning And Evaluation
Hazardous Substance-
Office of the
Conptroller
Hazardous Substance-
Office of the
Administrator
Hazardous Substance-
Office of Research and
Development - Lab
Support
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substances Management £ Support
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
Hazardous Substance -
Contracts and Grants -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance -
Contracts and Grants -
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services -
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Support Services -
Regions
Hazardous Substance-
118.8
62.5
10.3
23.0
0.5
61.0
(DOLLARS
U0.2
57.0
12.0
25.9
84.8
IN THOUSANDS)
HO. 2
57.0
12.0
25.9
84.8
140.2
57.0
12.0
25.9
95.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.0
10.7 13.1
12.2
8.1
1.8
13.9
11.4
1.8
13.1
11.4
1.8
13.1
13.9 13.9
11.4
1.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
TOTAL UORKYEARS
606.4
638.3
638.3
649.3
11.0
14-71
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SUPERFUND
Management and Support
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $131,263,600 and 649.3 total workyears in
1992, an increase of 4,566,300 and 11.0 total workyears. All of the request is
for the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1992 rftr1 Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,495,700 supported by 57.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents no change from 1991. The program will continue
to provide the level of Headquarters financial management support necessary to
ensure the financial integrity of Superfund site-specific cost accounting data.
This encompasses the review and reconciliation of Headquarters site -specific
documents as they are being processed to assure that the information is accurate
as well as to assure that it is entered into the Integrated Financial Management
System accurately. It also includes monitoring of Headquarters costs charged to
site-specific accounts by EPA employees, other Federal agencies, state and local
governments, and commercial entities to ensure that amounts are properly
documented and within budget. The program will also calculate and apply indirect
cost rates to assure that full Agency costs are charged to sites and claimed in
cost recovery actions. In addition, the program will provide basic financial
services including payroll support, invoice and voucher processing, reports
preparation, and funds control for Headquarters.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,495,700 supported by 57.9
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. These resources provide for basic financial services
and the implementations of an automated document collection and retrieval system
that is necessary to maintain pace with the increased requests for cost
documentation. These resources also provide for the establishment of current
cost documentation files in Headquarters so that costs claimed in cost recovery
litigation can be supported immediately. This is particularly important in
bankruptcy cases where time is of the essence. In the past, an extensive manual
file search has been necessary to gather documents that support costs being
claimed. In addition, these resources provide for an enhanced level of review
and reconciliation to ensure he integrity of Headquarters charges posed against
site -specific accounts in tl Integrated Financial Management System.
1990 Acconrpl 1 yhpents
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $15,276,400 supported by 57.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
14-72
-------
Superfund appropriation. These resources provided site -specific accounting
support and preparation of cost recovery documentation, and for the design and
purchase of an automated document collection and retrieval system for the cost
recovery program. Also provided were basic financial services for the Superfund
program such as payroll and invoice processing.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Pypgrpip Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,993,000 supported by 100.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents no change from 1991. This will provide for the
collection and verification of regional cost documentation and the reconciliation
of these documents with the Integrated Financial Management System on a current
basis. A cost documentation file will be maintained in each Region as costs are
incurred rather than gathering documentation at a later date. This allows
immediate response for documentation associated in bankruptcy cases as well as
assures that all documents needed for protracted negotiation or litigation are
available when requested. Also included are resources necessary to provide basic
financial services to the Regional Superfund program for payroll and voucher
processing, funds control and reporting for management and program purposes.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,993,000 supported by 100.9
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. These resources support the enhanced Regional Superfund
financial activities, specifically the cost documentation file.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $4,188,900 supported by 92.2 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. Vith these resources, the Regional financial management
offices provided site-specific accounting support and gathered regional cost
documentation as requested by Regional counsel when cases entered the negotiation
or litigation phases. Also provided were basic financial services for the
Regional Superfund program, such as payroll and invoice processing and reporting.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1992 Tf Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,027,200 supported by 50.6 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents no change from 1991. We will continue to
effectively manage automated systems, provide recruitment, staffing, and
classification activities and provide sufficient facilities management to support
the overall Superfund program. We will develop health and safety training
courses, implement specialized medical monitoring programs, and verify through
technical support and environmental audits that Superfund waste handled by EPA
14-73
-------
laboratories is disposed in accordance with the off -site disposal requirements
of the statute.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,027,200 supported by 50.6
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Response Super fund appropriation. These resources enable the program to provide
centralized administrative and management services to Superfund activities .
We will provide for the intense and specialized training needs of Superfund
employees, and provide management and organizational analysis to strengthen
Superfund management processes . These resources will provide technical support ,
guidance, training, and oversight to ensure that Superfund waste from EPA labs
is properly managed. We also plan to create a database on protective clothing
to enhance the health and safety of our employees. Resources are used to revise
or develop information systems including systems to track hazardous substance
release at Federal facilities, and the administrative/financial systems used to
manage the Superfund Program.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,766,000 supported by 51.1 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance Super-
fund appropriation. These resources enabled the Agency to maintain all automated
Superfund information systems. The Agency completed environmental audits at EPA
laboratories to document the procedures for the disposal of Superfund waste. Ve
provided training to EPA labs on these requirements and developed improved
chemical protective clothing information. We also refined health and safety
standards and procedures , and maintained and supported the Agency human resources
requirements of the Superfund program staff. A year -long review of Superfund
delegations of enforcement authority and enforcement organizational issues
resulted in changes that clarified and made more effective the roles and
responsibilities of Agency parties involved in Superfund enforcement actions .
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Pr9gr«ii Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,430,300 supported by 68.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents no change from 1991. Regional administrative
management activities will include: continuing recruitment of personnel to work
in the area of hazardous waste, assuring a reliable health and safety and
environmental compliance program, providing adequate automated data processing
(ADP) technical assistance to support the site-specific record keeping
requirements of the Superfund program and improved information systems for EPA
and state operations.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,430,300 supported by 68.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. These resources provide Regional Superfund
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administrative support services for personnel, health and safety, environmental
compliance of EPA facilities, and information management activities. The program
is placing special emphasis on efforts to recruit properly qualified personnel
and to provide for the intense and specialized training needs of Superfund
employees. Increased efforts are also underway in the area of information
resources management to efficiently respond to increasing program demands for
staff support.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $4,235,900 supported by 97.2 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. These resources provided a full complement of
administrative management services to the Regional Superfund program, including
contracting and procurement, personnel, health and safety, and information
management activities.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE CONTRACTS AND GRANTS MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1992 PrT Reuest
The Agency requests a total of $10,464,100 supported by 140.2 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. This represents no change over the 1991 program. These
resources will provide for award and management of a large number of complex
contracts as well as provide support for Superfund enforcement efforts. Quality
control over contracts with increasingly high obligation amounts includes the
development and implementation of strong conflict of interest guidelines and
procedures. Resources will allow continued improvements in Superfund contract
management initiatives and provide effective assistance and contracts management
through greater outreach to the Regions and states; ensure a more aggressive
Superfund cost-recovery documentation effort; support more oversight, training
and technical assistance to our Federal partners; and develop and refine policy
guidance and procedures for more complex procurement needs and cooperative and
interagency agreements and new grant programs . In Grants management , we will
continue to increase efforts to combat fraud, waste and abuse in Superfund
Federal assistance and procurement programs and implement the training curriculum
for Regional grant personnel.
1991
The Agency is allocating a total of $10,464,100 supported by 140.2 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. We will continue to effectively award and manage
increasing numbers of contracts as well as assure quality control over contracts
with high obligation amounts. Approximately 20.0 workyears will be reprogrammed
to the Regions in 1991 to support the Regional Contracting Officer (RCO) Program.
In grants management, we will implement the final Superfund regulation and
continue to award and manage Superfund cooperative agreements, grants and
Superfund Interagency Agreements, develop suspension and debarment cases,
implement an automated Superfund Interagency Hanagement System, develop a
training curriculum for Regional grant personnel and develop a handbook for state
and local governments on administering the Superfund program.
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1990 Accomplishments
The Agency allocated a total of $8,726,400 supported by 118.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. The major accomplishments in this program area included
improvements in contract planning, award, management, and automated processing
of contracts and small purchases.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE CONTRACTS AND GRANTS MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Pr9grair Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,930,400 supported by 57.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents no change from the 1991 program. This program
provides the Regional Superfund program offices with procurement and contracts
management support for the remedial and removal programs. The Superfund Regional
Contracting Officer program will continue to provide the Regional Superfund
Program offices with essential contracting expertise needed to actively manage
the existing contracts and place new contracts for the emergency and remedial
response programs. Documentation and strong management and financial controls
will be critical for enforcement and cost recovery efforts. The grants program
awards, administers and manages complex Superfund cooperative and interagency
agreements and grants for emergency and remedial response activities. Special
emphasis will be placed on accountability and ensuring that every Superfund
assistance award complies with regulatory and policy requirements and that
recipients have the financial, procurement and property systems to account for
and safeguard Federal funds.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocated a total of $2,930,400 and 57.0 total
workyears from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. These resources
provided the Regional Superfund program offices with procurement and contracts
management support for the remedial and removal programs and grants management
to effectively award, administer and manage Superfund cooperative and interagency
agreements. The Regional Grants Management offices will also finalize
implementation of an automated grant document and an Interagency Agreement
Management System.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency allocated a total of $3,004,200 and 62.5 total workyears
from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. These resources provided
the Regional Superfund program offices with procurement and contracts management
support for the remedial and removal programs and grants management to
effectively award, administer and manage Superfund cooperative and interagency
agreements. The major accomplishment in this program was the award and
administration of removal and remedial contracts in response to Regional site
clean-up needs.
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HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE SUPPORT SERVICES - HEADQUARTERS
1992 Progr?f Request
The Agency requests a total of $40,752,200 for this program, $39,964,200 of
which will be for the Hazardous Substance Super fund Appropriation and $788,000
for the Inspector General appropriation. This represents an increase of
$5,346,300 in the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation from 1991. The
increase provides for the Superfund portion of the GSA rent increase. It also
provides for inflation/contract rate increases and telecommunications
requirements associated with regional moves and allows continuation of geographic
information systems (CIS) development. These resources will fund the Hazardous
Substance Response program's share of Headquarters and Agency-wide costs. These
costs will include: facilities rental, Federal Telecommunications System (FTS) ,
revisions and development of information systems, utilities, local telephone
services, printing and copying, postage, other building and office services, and
health and safety training.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $35,405,900 for this program,
of which $34,617,900 is from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation and
$788,000 from the Inspector General appropriation. These resources fund support
costs in Headquarters which include facilities rental, FTS, utilities, local
telephone and other related services.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $37,452,700 for this program, all
of which was from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. These
resources were the Superfund program's share of the Agency management and support
costs needed to operate the Headquarters operations, which included facilities
rental costs, utilities, telephone charges, and other services.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE SUPPORT SERVICES - REGIONS
1992 nrRm Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,431,300 for this program, all of which
will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund Appropriation. This represents a
decrease of $3,764,100 from 1991. This decrease reflects a shift of funding from
the Hazardous Substance Support Services - Regions program element to the
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Headquarters program element to pay for
Agency -wide expenditures. This will support the operation of the Hazardous
Substance Response program and will cover utilities, local telephone service,
printing and copying, mini -computer operations, equipment maintenance, Regions
moves, and all other support services related to the Superfund program activities
in the Regions.
1991 pro gr pip
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $22,195,400 for this program,
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all of vhich is from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appi priation. This
program provides for utilities, local telephone service, printing and copying,
mini - computer operations, equipment maintenance, and all other support services
related to the Superfund program activities in the Regions.
1990 Accomplishments •
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $22,885,100 for this program, all
of which was from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. This program
provided for utilities, local telephone service, printing and copying, mini-
computer operations, equipment maintenance, and all other support services
related to the Superfund program activities in the Regions.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE COMPUTER SERVICES
1992 Pro"1 Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,729,800 for this program, all of which
will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. This represents no
change from 1991. These resources will provide computing services to the
Hazardous Substance Response Program by the Agency's National Computer Center in
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina and the Data Center in Cincinnati, Ohio.
These fund a portion of the Center's costs for equipment, telecommunications,
operating software purchases, maintenance and facility operations.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is E seating $9,729,800 for this program, all of which
is from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. This amount reflects
an increase in the size and use of Hazardous Substance Response program databases
and the Agency's administrative support of the program.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $10,023,000 for this program, all
of which was from Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation. The program
provided compute, services to the Hazardous Substance Response program.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LEGAL SERVICES - HEADQUARTERS
1992 Progr ouest
In 1992, the Agency request; a total of $910,000 supported by 12.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. This represents a decrease of $300 and no change in
total workyears from 1991. The decrease will have no impact.
The Office of General Counsel (OGC) will provide legal advice and
consultation on matters related to the implementation of the Superfund program.
The OGC will support the Agency's promulgation of rules, establishment of policy,
and preparation of guidance documents for program implementation and enforcement
of the Superfund program. This includes legal support to financial and
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administrative operation of Superfund, including contract law, audits,
cooperative agreements, and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) . The OGC
handles Superfund litigation in which the Agency is a defendant.
091
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $910,300 supported by 12.0
total vorkyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. The OGC is providing advice and consultation on program
and enforcement matters such as interpretation of the statute, development of
regulations, and changes to the National Contingency Plan, and is defending the
Agency in any litigation brought against it concerning the Comprehensive
Emergency Response and Liability Act (CERCLA) .
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $971,000 supported by 10.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. The OGC provided legal guidance in program and
enforcement matters such as statutory interpretation, development of response
priorities, review of proposed regulatory actions, and defense of the Agency
where litigation had been brought against it concerning CERCLA.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LEGAL SERVICES - REGIONS
1992 Program Request
In 1992, the Agency requests a total of $1,230,000 supported by 25.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance
Superfund Appropriation. This represents an increase of $500 and no change in
total workyears from 1991. The Offices of Regional Counsel will provide legal
advice and consultation on matters related to the implementation of the Superfund
program to the Regional Administrators, Regional Superfund managers, and State
agencies. Principal activities will be the defense of the Agency in CERCLA
litigation filed against it, participation in formal administrative proceedings,
review of state cooperative agreements, activities relating to access by the
public to EPA held information, development of the administrative record for the
selection of cleanup remedies, legal support to program response activities, and
the provision of a wide variety of legal counsel and advice to Regional, state,
and local program officials.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,229,500 supported by 25.9
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund Appropriation. The Offices of Regional Counsel will continue to
represent the Agency in Regional defensive litigation concerning Superfund. In
addition, the Offices of Regional Counsel will provide legal assistance by
reviewing state cooperative agreements for legal sufficiency, advising state
agencies regarding the legal requirements of the Superfund program, determining
eligible uses of the Fund, and advising on the treatment of requests for EPA held
information.
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1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,003,300 supported by 23.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. The Offices of Regional Counsel provided EPA and state
agencies with legal advice and consultation on matters related to the
implementation of CERCLA. Principal activities of the Offices of the Regional
Counsel included the conduct of defensive litigation, legal review of cooperative
agreements with states for site cleanup, and general legal support to the
Superfund program in the Regions.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE TRUST FUND - OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
1992 ri Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,166,000 supported by 95.8 total workyears
for this program all of which will be for Hazardous Substance Trust Fund portion
of the Inspector General appropriation. This represents an increase of
$1,847,600 and 11.0 total workyears in support of the Inspector General's efforts
to perform audits on needs identified in the 1985 Superfund Strategic Audit Plan
modified to reflect new statutory requirements, Agency changes in Superfund
operations, and our audit experience. We will use this increase in resources to
(1) develop and maintain in-house expertise on Superfund contracts; (2) audit
critical Superfund activities contracts such as Alternative Remedial Contract
Strategy contracts and subcontracts; and (3) expand our investigations of the
Contract Laboratory Program.
We will continue to: use engineers and scientists to focus on complex,
highly technical Superfund remedial investigations/feasibility studies, and
provide critically needed assistance to auditors and investigators on follow-on
audits of Superfund removal activities, unannounced site visits, and construction
phase of maturing remedial activities program; and investigate allegations and
perform proactive investigative work of criminal activity and wrongdoing in areas
with a high potential for prosecution, such as in contracts and procurements for
remedial and site cleanup.
The OIG performance audits will emphasize (1) policy and program management;
(2) remedial cleanup activities; (3) removal responses; (4) enforcement; and (5)
program support initiatives. The OIG will expand its external audit coverage as
well as provide limited internal audit coverage to examine the economy,
efficiency, and effectiveness of the Fund's management. The OIG will continue
to investigate referrals of suspected criminal activity with high potential for
criminal prosecution. Also, investigative resources will enable the Office of
Inspector General to identify and eliminate situations which create the
opportunity for fraud and abuse.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $12,318,400 supported by 84.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Trust Fund portion of the OIG appropriation. These resources enable the Office
of Inspector General to continue meeting the statutory requirements placed on it
by Congress in the Superfund reauthorization. These annual requirements include
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(1) auditing payments, obligations, reimbursements or other uses of the funds;
(2) examining a sample of agreements with states carrying out response actions;
(3) examining remedial investigations and feasibility studies; (4) reviewing the
Administrator's status report on all remedial and enforcement actions; and (5)
reviewing the Administrator's estimate of the amount of resources necessary for
EPA to complete the implementation of its Superfund responsibilities. The OIG
will increase its program of external financial audits performed by public
accounting firms and other Government audit agencies as well as operate a limited
internal performance audit program to examine the economy, efficiency, and
effectiveness of the Fund's management. It will investigate referrals of
suspected criminal activity and increase its proactive investigative work in
areas with high potential for criminal prosecution, especially in the Contract
Laboratory Program. The OIG will also expand its training for its staff and
Agency employees in the identification of indicators of possible wrongdoing.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $9,729,500 supported by 61.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance Trust
Fund appropriation. During 1990, the Office of Inspector General issued 65 audit
reports on the Fund. Performance audits focused on: actions needed to ensure
that millions of dollars owed the Trust Fund are properly collected; improvements
in the controls and oversight of EPA's Superfund management information system
to make data used for decisions more reliable; and better implementation and
management of "removal" actions to expedite cleanups and delete sites from EPA's
National Priorities List. Superfund audits questioned and recommended cost
efficiencies totalling almost $23.3 million of the approximately $400.7 million
audited. New investigative initiatives in the Superfund Contract Laboratory
Program has identified a significant and possibly wide-spread vulnerability of
fraudulent analysis in the testing of hazardous substances which could present
a danger to public health, result in unnecessary expenditure for cleanup, or
hinder collection efforts from responsible parties. In 1990, investigations of
the contract laboratories have resulted in several indictments and a civil
settlement for $750,000. Many more criminal and civil actions are expected as
a result of these investigations.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - OFFICE OF POLICY. PLANNING AND EVALUATION
}.992 Pr?grf"" Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,450,000 and 13.1 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substances Superfund
appropriation. This represents an increase of $400 from 1991.
The Office of Policy Analysis (OPA) will continue policy development and
economic analysis in hazardous waste remediation, focusing on: (1) overall
analysis of the environmental and economic impacts and the, feasibility and
effectiveness of the Superfund program, (2) waste management and remediation
incentives/disincentives created by Superfund regulation, and (3) roles of the
states, localities and private sector in hazardous waste remediation and
response. OPA also will make a significant contribution in the Superfund
reauthorization debate (or implementation effort), as it did in 1980 and 1986
with economic analysis and policy recommendations on future funding needs,
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imposition of Superfund taxes and projected revenues, as well as make new
contributions in the areas of economic and policy analysis of Superfund direct
and indirect impacts. In addition, OPA will pursue special studies, including
an evaluation of policy choices associated with Superfund emergency planning and
new Clean Air Act programs aimed at the prevention of chemical releases. An
examination of an integrated statutory and regulatory framework for waste
management and remediation, including capacity and economic impacts of waste
remediation efforts, will be undertaken.
The Office of Regulatory Management and Evaluation (ORME) will provide
statistical support to the Superfund program by investigating complex sampling
issues requiring a high degree of statistical expertise. These complex issues
include construction of composite campling designs for Superfund site evaluation,
development of techniques for the integration and merging of complex data sets,
and the development of spatial statistical methodologies for assessing the extent
of residual contamination of partially cleaned Superfund sites. The
Environmental Statistics Project will analyze existing Superfund information,
develop assessments of environmental conditions , download Superfund data sets and
assess their completeness and quality. ORME will also manage the development
process for Superfund regulations and policies, and conduct evaluations of the
Superfund program as requested.
The Office of Pollution Prevention (OPP) will operate and refine both the
Strategic Targeted Activities for Results System (STARS) and the Action Tracking
System (ATS), and maintain the Agency-wide strategic planning process to
establish environmental goals and develop operating guidance. It will provide
analytic support for Superfund programs to address specific problems in program
delivery. Working with Headquarters and Regions, it will develop applications
of computer-aided analysis of environmental data such as screening sites for
Superfund. OPP will further the development of Superfund indicators,
incorporating selected indicators in Records -of -Dec is ion, and other key Superfund
activities. Major attention in 1992 will be given to applications in reporting,
Superfund decisionmaking, community relations, pollution prevention, and
incorporation of indicators in STARS.
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,449,600 supported by 13.1
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
OPA is providing analysis to support the renewed strategy for Superfund
(e.g., worst sites first and enhanced enforcement) and is identifying issues for
Superfund reauthorization. Studies are being conducted using historical data to
identify and quantify the indirect benefits of Superfund, to quantify the
transaction costs (public and private) associated with Superfund cleanups, and
to characterize the risk and types of industrial, non-hazardous waste that can
end up in Superfund sites.
Statistical support to the Superfund program continues. This includes
developing the third and final guidance volume for evaluating the attainment of
cleanup standards at Superfund sites, and providing statistical courses to build
on the existing foundation of Superfund statistical techniques. ORME is
developing sampling techniques and spatial statistics that will enable Superfund
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site managers to characterize a site more effectively and with lower sampling
costs. They are investigating the extent of contamination of wetlands from
Superfund sites and will provide guidance on remediation and restoration
strategies and procedures. The Environmental Statistics Project is compiling and
analyzing data for the Superfund program to be included in the 1992 national
environmental statistics report. ORME also manages the development process for
Superfund regulations and policies and conducts evaluations of the Superfund
program.
OFF is following up on Superfund environmental indicator development work
completed in 1990, with special emphasis on developing measures of ecological
health that have been determined to be feasible.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $3,265,700 supported by 10.7 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
OPA continued policy development and an analysis on the effects of the
revised National Contingency Plan on program/enforcement implementation under
Superfund. It helped to develop, review, and analyze policy proposals, including
extensive workgroup participation. OPA analyzed the potential for a cost-
effective risk reduction model; studied new alternatives to reduce time and cost
of Superfund studies; prepared chapters of the Superfund Management Study;
analyzed and developed approaches to enhance enforcement; and analyzed the use
and effectiveness of institutional controls at Superfund sites.
ORME completed a second volume of guidance for determining attainment of
cleanup standards at Superfund sites and provided statistical consultation on
complex or unique problems. It managed the development process for Superfund
regulations and policies, and encouraged negotiation and alternate dispute
resolution techniques to expedite Superfund settlement. ORME completed its
Electronic Reporting Policy to build in data quality and control, and to provide
data in an electronic medium readily transferred to program office data bases.
OFF examined the feasibility of reporting on a wide set of environmental
indicators for the Superfund program and reported findings to senior managers.
Along with OPA, it participated in the Superfund Management Study.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - OFFICE OF THE
1992
The Agency requests a total of $1,081,000 supported by 13.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents no change from 1991. These resources will
support the preparation of the Agency's budget submissions to the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) and Congress, response to Congressional inquiries,
analysis and review of major issues concerning workload and pricing models,
analysis of on- going resource issues related to the operation and management of
the Trust Fund and internal controls of Superfund finances.
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1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,081,000 and 13.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation. These resources support on-going budget activities,
responses to Congressional inquiries and analysis of on-going resource issues.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $911,300 and 12.2 total workyears
for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. The Office of the Comptroller coordinated and prepared the OMB
and Congressional budget submissions, responded to Congressional inquiries, and
provided fund oversight activities including on- going resource reviews for the
Superfund program.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR
1992 orT Reuest
The Agency requests a total of $1,023,000 supported by 11.4 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. This represents a decrease of $299,600 and no change in total
workyears from 1991. These resources will include support for: the National
Environmental Service Officer (NESO) located within the Office of Regional
Operations/State and Local Relations. The NESO will conduct management reviews
of Environmental Services Divisions (ESDs) ; develop Headquarters guidance to
ensure efficiency in the utilization of resources and improve planning and
procurement systems ; represent ESDs in the Superfund program planning and budget
activities including workload model development; ensure Superfund policies are
effectively communicated to ESDs; schedule and convene quarterly ESDs
conferences; plan, schedule and convene meetings of the Superfund Analytical
Services Advisory Committee; evaluate options for securing the most effective lab
support to meet Superfund goals; and review ESD lab capabilities and their cost
effectiveness. In addition, the Office of the Administrator will continue to use
existing, and develop new, communication vehicles to exchange information on
acute hazardous, National Priority List (NFL) site activity, emergency planning,
chemical release information, and enforcement activity. The Office will also
continue to work closely with the Regions and newly established emergency
response commissions and local emergency planning committees, and other citizen
groups in site activities. Also, grants training will be funded for small and
minority contractors for cleanup areas and we will continue to carry out Circular
A- 3 publications and A- 114 Audiovisual review responsibilities for new Superfund
program publication and audiovisual products.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,322,600 supported by 11.4
total workyears for this program, all of which is in the Hazardous Substance
Superfund expropriation. The NESO will continue to provide the ESDs with
Headquarte . policy guidance, oversight, and management support, in areas
affecting ooth ESDs and Superfund; maintain constant liaison with the program
offices and ESDs to facilitate their cooperation and participation in meeting the
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objectives of the Superfund program in the identification of hazardous waste
cites and in the management of any potential risks from these sites. In
addition, the Office of the Administrator is supporting the regions and assisting
states and localities with plans to respond to chemical emergencies. The Office
is playing a critical role in exchanging information with local health
professionals, public safety officials, local government and State government
officials. A wide variety of communications support including speech
preparation, publications development and distribution, fact sheet preparation
and graphic slide presentations and other general response briefings and
communications vehicles are being provided. Also, training is being provided for
small and minority contractors for cleanup areas. Emphasis will be placed on
participation with the State Implementation Vork Group, the National Resources
Damage Claim Vork Group, the State Hazardous Waste Capacity Plan Work Group, and
the Communications Planning Vork Group. The Agency's relationship with Congress
as it relates to the Superfund program, including coordinating briefings,
organizing EPA participation in oversight hearings, and responding to a wide
variety of information requests from individual members and staff will be
strengthened.
Congressional Directives. A total of $300,000 is for the Congressionally
directed project for training grants for small, minority contractors.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,078,600 supported by 8.1 total
workyears, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance Superfund appropriation.
The Office coordinated the identification of inactive sites with other Federal
agencies; provided a wide variety of communication support, including the
development of fact sheets and publications; and worked on information exchange
with State and local governments. In addition, the program provided the ESDs
with policy guidance, oversight, and management support; identified hazardous
waste sites, provided sample and site tracking and developed a national equipment
planning and procurement process for ESDs to meet superfund and other Agency
needs.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT - MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
1992 PrflSTf"1 Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,149,600 supported by 1.8 total workyears
for 1992, an increase of $1,435,500 and no change in total workyears over the
1991 level. All of the request will be for the Hazardous Substance Superfund
appropriation. The increase in funding is primarily related to the transfer of
the Scientific Instrumentation component from the Office of Exploratory Research
in Hazardous Substance Research function to the Management and Support area of
the budget.
Funding will be provided for non-personnel support services required by
the Office of Research and Development (ORD) remote laboratories that perform
Superfund research. The services provided include, but are not limited to,
facilities operation and maintenance, janitorial services, and telephones and
utilities which are directly related to the Hazardous Substances research
program. Funding to support the purchase of scientific instrumentation is being
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transferred from the Office of Exploratory Research to this activity to better
reflect the ORD-wide nature of this activity. Resources will be used to support
the purchase of necessary scientific equipment. Resources will also be used for
the coordination and management of the Program Planning and Budgeting process for
ORD's Super fund R&D program.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $714,100 supported by 1.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
Basic management and laboratory support services are required on an ongoing
basis. Therefore, funds will continue to support iaeilities operations and
maintenance, janitorial services, telephones, utilities, and other essential
operating costs directly related to the operation of the ORD remote laboratories .
Planning, budgeting, and other ORD-wide management activities and services are
also continued.
1990 Acconrpl j shments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $821,800 supported by 1.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Hazardous Substance
Superfund appropriation.
Funding was provided to support essential ORD remote laboratory support
services and ORD-wide management support services.
14-86
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS 15-1
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
LUST Technical Support 15-4
Environmental Engineering and Technology 15-6
ABATEMENT AND CONTROL
LUST Guidelines and Implementation 15-8
ENFORCEMENT
LUST Legal Enforcement 15-11
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Management and Support 15-13
Policy and Analysis - Office of Policy, Planning and
Evaluation 15-15
Administrative Management - Headquarters 15-16
Administrative Management - Regions 15-16
Legal Services - Office of General Counsel 15-17
LUST - Office of the Inspector General 15-17
-------
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Leaking Underground
Storage Tanks Trust
Office of Inspector
General
TOTAL, Leaking Underground
Storage Tank Trust
$74,746.0 $65,000.2 $65,000.2 $85,000.0 $19,999.8
$574.8 $574.6 $623.0 $48.2
$74,746.0 $65,575.0 $65,575.0 $85,623.0 $20,048.0
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
TOTAL WORICYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
78.3 88.6 88.6 94.9 6.3
83.4 93.9 93.9 94.9 1.0
$59,305.0 $69,442.6 $69,442.6 $91,403.0 $21,960.4
The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA)
of 1986, as amended, estblished the Leaking Underground
Storage Tanks Trust Fund and authorizes a total of such
sums as may be necessary to be appropriated to this
fund from 1992 to 1996.
15-1
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LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS TRUST FUND
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The purpose of the Leaking Underground storage Tanks (LUST) program is to
ensure rapid and effective responses to releases from underground petroleum
storage tanks. The program operates under the authority of Subtitle I of the
Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984, as amended by the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986. The LUST program's objective is to
enhance state and local enforcement and response through technical and financial
assistance. The Agency will support state implementation using the management
principles of private industry's franchise concept.
The Agency's strategy is to encourage the development of comprehensive LUST
programs in all states and territories through cooperative agreements. The
Regions will continue to use Targeted Improvement Projects and other Regional
projects to develop and disseminate improved implementation tools, methods, and
systems to the states. These projects will address the remedial side of the
program, including closures, site assessments, and corrective actions.
By 1992, all state LUST programs will have developed response and
enforcement capabilities. As the deadlines for meeting leak detection
requirements continue to fall due, an increasing number of tank releases will be
identified and reported. The state programs supported under the LUST trust fund
will continue to emphasize finding responsible parties, and doing the necessary
compliance and enforcement work to get them to take corrective action. The Agency
will also continue to provide national guidance, and scientific and management
support to the states.
Enhance State Programs
Based on private industry's concept of a "franchise" model, the Agency
seeks to identify areas where program improvements can be made within state
programs and works with the states individually to provide the technical
assistance and training necessary to implement these improvements. The Agency
will continue several ongoing state pilot projects to streamline corrective
action plan reviews and site characterization techniques and practices. As these
tools are developed, they will be promoted for use in other states. In addition
to technical assistance, the Agency will assist states in developing funding
mechanisms to supplement funds provided via Federal/state cooperative agreements.
Emphasize Compliance Using Enforcement Tools
The Agency will continue to develop and evaluate tools to improve the
states' ability to achieve timely responses by owners/operators to releases from
leaking underground storage tanks containing petroleum and other hazardous
substances. These efforts will ensure that owner/operator responses are in
compliance with their prescribed corrective action requirements. The Regional
program staff, in conjunction with the Regional legal staff, will provide legal
and technical assistance in support of state enforcement activities when
required. Joint state/Federal efforts for direct enforcement of cleanups will
allow state and local governments to manage the majority of enforcement action*.
15-2
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Continue Efficient Management Support
Management and Support will continue to assist the LUST program by
providing accurate and timely financial services, effective budgeting and funds
control, efficient contracts management, and centralized personnel services.
LUST Audit Support
The Office of the Inspector General will provide oversight of the Agency
and states in implementing the LUST program. The Office of the Inspector General
will initiate performance and financial audits, and investigations to ensure that
the program is being properly managed and to identify possible deficiencies.
Utilizing the Private Sector for Essential Consulting Services
The LUST program will continue to utilize consultant expertise in a variety
of program support functions when such expertise does not exist within the
program or when it is economically efficient to do so. Such assistance includes,
but is not limited to, financial analyses and projections including technical
assistance in support of the development and implementation of the LUST Trust
Fund allocation model.
15-3
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-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Paqt
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
LUST Technical Support 15-4
Environmental Engineering and Technology 15-6
-------
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK TRUST FUND
LUST Technical Support
ACTUAL ENACTED
1990 1991
CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental
Engineering I
Technology • LUST
Leaking Underground
Storage Tanks Trust
TOTAL
$738.5 $767.9 $767.9 $767.9 0.0
$738.5 $767.9 $767.9 $767.9 0.0
TOTAL:
Leaking Underground $738.5
Storage Tanks Trust
LUST Technical Support
TOTAL $738.5
$767.9 $767.9 $767.9 0.0
$767.9 $767.9 $767.9 0.0
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Environmental
Engineering I
Technology - LUST
1.7
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 1.7
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
0.0
0.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Environmental
Engineering I
Technology - LUST
TOTAL WORtCYEARS
1.7
1.7
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
0.0
0.0
15-4
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LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS
Principal Outputs
1992;
Environmental Engineering and Technology
o Report on the optimization of Soil Vapor Extraction for
Remediation of Subsurface Gasoline Releases
o Report on the Application of Low Temperature Thermal Desorption
for Cleaning Up LUST Sites
o Expansion of Computerized On-Line Information System for
Underground Storage Tank Technology Transfer
1991;
Environmental Engineering and Technology
o Final Report on Evaluation of Volumetric Leak Detection for
Chemical USTs
o Final Report on Internal Inspection Protocol and Validation
o Update State-of-the-Art on the Application and Effectiveness of
Oil Spill Diapersants
o Reference Document on Soil Vapor Extraction Technology
o Development/ Operation, and Maintenance of a Computerized On-Line
Information System for Underground Storage Tank Technology
Transfer
1990;
Environmental Engineering and Technology
o Report on the State-of-the-Art on Internal Tank Inspection
Equipment and Procedures
o Protocol for Evaluating Pipeline Leak Detection Systems
15-5
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LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK (LUST) TRUST FUND
LUST Technical Support
Budget Request
In 1992, the Agency requests a total of $767,900 supported by 1.9 total
workyears all of which will be for the Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST)
Trust Fund. This represents no change in funding and workyears for 1991.
Program Objectives
This program provides technical support to Federal, state, and local
agencies implementing the Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) Trust Fund
program. This work contributes to ensuring the selection of the best
available site assessment and cleanup procedures by responsible authorities.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $767,900 supported by 1.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Leaking Underground Storage
Tank Trust Fund. This represents no change in funding and workyears for 1992.
ORD will continue to evaluate innovative and alternative cleanup
technologies (including above-ground soil treatment and subsurface zone
technologies) developed for petroleum and hazardous chemical releases under
RCRA and CERCLA to bring them within the realm of conventional technology.
Combinations of technologies will be identified and evaluated to seek optimal
cleanup procedures. Case study documentation will continue, and an engineering
analysis of collected reports on LUST cleanup actions will be conducted.
Retention and remobilization studies will also be continued, but at a slightly
reduced rate, to develop and evaluate screening techniques for determining or
confirming the presence of a release and for monitoring cleanup progress and
helping in the decision to conduct further corrective action.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $767,900 supported by 1.9
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the LUST Trust Fund.
New approaches for conducting investigations at LUST sites are being
provided. The procedures include identifying what information is needed on the
subsurface environment, and released petroleum products therein, and how the
information can be used to select appropriate corrective action technologies.
The application of vacuum extraction technology (VET) to cleaning up LUST
sites is being evaluated. Engineering design, operation and performance data
will be documented to bring VET within the realm of conventional technologies.
Enhancements to VET are also being evaluated at pilot scale.
15-6
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LOST corrective action case histories continue to be collected and
entered into the existing Computerized On-Line Information System (COLIS).
The system will be made available to Federal, State and local UST program
managers to help select cleanup technologies baaed on past performance, cost
and reliability. Studies are being conducted on the retention and
remobilization of contaminants at a LUST site to develop field measurement,
screening tools and techniques for initiating cleanups and for monitoring
their progress.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1989, the Agency obligated a total of $738,500 supported by 1.7 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the LUST Trust Fund.
The program evaluates RCRA and CERCLA cleanup technologies developed for
petroleum and hazardous chemical releases for their applicability to petroleum
leaks from underground tanks. Demonstrations at LUST sites were conducted.
Case studies of past and on going corrective actions were performed and the
outline to a guidance document on site specific procedures for cost-effective
corrective action was prepared.
15-7
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS
ABATEMENT AND CONTROL
LUST Guidelines and Implementation 15-8
-------
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK TRUST FUND
LUST Guidelines t Implementation
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Guidelines I
Implementation - LUST
Trust Fund
Leaking Underground $71,504.8 $61,136.1 $61,176.1 $81,412.8 $20,236.7
Storage Tanks Trust
TOTAL $71,504.8 $61,136.1 $61,176.1 $81,412.8 $20,236.7
TOTAL:
Leaking Underground $71,504.8 $61,136.1 $61,176.1 $81,412.8 $20,236.7
Storage Tanks Trust
LUST Guidelines I
Implementation TOTAL $71,504.8 $61,136.1 $61,176.1 $81,412.8 $20,236.7
PERMANENT WORICYEARS
Guidelines I 59.5 59.8 59.8 62.0 2.2
Implementation - LUST
Trust Fund
TOTAL PERMANENT WORICYEARS 59.5 59.8 59.8 62.0 2.2
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Guidelines ft 63.2 62.0 62.0 62.0 0.0
Implementation - LUST
Trust Fund
TOTAL UORKYEARS 63.2 62.0 62.0 62.0 0.0
15-8
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LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS (LUST) TRUST FUND
LUST Guidelines and Implementation
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $81,412,800 supported by 62.0 total
workyears for the LUST Trust Fund appropriation.
LUST GUIDELINES AND IMPLEMENTATION
1992 Program Request
For 1992, the Agency requests a total of $81,412,800 supported by 62.0
total workyears for the LUST Trust Fund appropriation, an increase of $20,236,700
and no change in total workyears from 1991. The increase will be used to
undertake corrective actions at sites where the responsible party is unable or
unwilling to conduct the cleanup and to compel owner /operator response at leaking
underground storage tank sites.
In 1992, the number of sites requiring response actions will increase as
additional owners/operators install leak detection devices and as insurance
companies require testing for leaks prior to issuing insurance policies. States
will conduct site investigations based on their priority lists, encourage
owners/operators to take corrective action, provide oversight of these responses,
and take action when owners/operators are unwilling or unable.
1991 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $61,176,100 supported by 62.0 total
workyears from the LUST Trust Fund appropriation.
The Agency will continue to develop, maintain, and improve the national
LUST program system composed of state programs. In addition, the Agency n
continually working with the states to improve their performance in «it«
assessment and corrective action. Specific projects will focus on streamlining
site measurement techniques and improving the review of corrective action plans.
The Agency will continue to develop and renew trust fund cooperative
agreements with the states. The Regions will continue to make use of Target»d
Improvement Projects and other Regional projects to test and disseminate improved
tools, methods, and systems. Current project work has focused on streamlining
state procedures for site closures, site assessments, and corrective action plan
reviews.
LUST trust fund monies will continue to assist states to identify «r,d
assess leaking tank sites, and encourage owner/operator response.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $71,504,800 supported by 63.2
total workyears, all of which were from the LUST trust fund appropriation.
15-9
-------
The states identified sites, encouraged owner/operator response actions,
and initiated state-lead response actions when necessary. A significant portion
of these efforts were funded by LUST trust fund cooperative agreements.
The Agency also conducted a number of pilot projects, jointly with the
states, to address specific implementation or administrative problems relating
to site assessment and cost recovery.
The Agency developed an enforcement strategy which promotes voluntary
compliance and the use of innovative informal enforcement techniques to achieve
compliance. The states are primarily responsible for its own enforcement
responsibilities. However, the Agency provided support and took direct
enforcement actions when it was necessary.
The Agency assisted the states with the development and implementation of
its response programs and provided technical assistance to the states for the
development of cooperative agreements necessary to enter the LUST national
program. States were assisted by the Agency through the examination of state
programs, emergency responses, procedures, and mechanisms for addressing
releases, including appropriate program and fiscal systems.
15-10
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS
ENFORCEMENT
LUST Legal Enforcement 15-11
-------
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK TRUST FUND
LUST Enforcement
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
LUST - Legal
Enforcement
Leaking Underground
Storage Tanks Trust
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Leaking Underground
Storage Tanks Trust
LUST Enforcement
TOTAL
$162.0 $248.9 $248.9 $248.9 0.0
$162.0 $248.9 $248.9 $248.9 0.0
$162.0 $248.9 $248.9 $248.9 0.0
$162.0 $248.9 $248.9 $248.9 0.0
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
LUST - Legal 3.2 4.9
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS 3.2 4.9
TOTAL UORKYEARS
LUST - Legal 3.2 5.5
Enforcement
4.9 5.8 0.9
4.9 5.8 0.9
5.5 5.8 0.3
TOTAL UORKYEARS
3.2 5.5 5.5 5.8 0.3
15-11
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LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK (LUST) TRUST FUND
LUST Legal Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $248,900 supported by 5.8 total workyears
for 1992, all of which will be for the Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust
Fund appropriation.
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $248,900 supported by 5.8 total
workyears, all of which will be for the Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust
Fund appropriation. This represents no dollar increase and an increase of 0.3
workyears from 1991.
In 1992, Regional legal staff will continue to provide assistance for
state enforcement, with modest Federal oversight and involvement in
enforcement actions. Two areas of focus for State programs will be expediting
enforcement actions and developing effective local enforcement programs.
Regional resources will be targeted on joint State-Federal efforts for direct
enforcement of cleanups, allowing States and local governments to manage the
majority of enforcement actions.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $248,900 supported by 5.5
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Leaking Underground
Storage Tank Trust Fund appropriation.
Regional legal staff are providing assistance and oversight to States by
encouraging the use of informal or expedited enforcement approaches, as well
as traditional formal enforcement approaches, in an effort to establish and
enhance effective State enforcement programs. In 1991, the emphasis of the
program is on: 1) initiation and follow-up of enforcement activity where a
release poses a major environmental emergency; and 2) pursuit of cost recovery
of Fund-financed cleanups from owners/operators where their insurance is
inadequate. Limited Federal enforcement actions are anticipated. However, in
some instances, formal enforcement actions (administrative compliance order*
or civil judicial referrals) will be used to compel response actions by
recalcitrant owners and operators.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $162,000 supported by 3.2 total
workyears for the Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund appropriation.
The workload of Regional legal enforcement staff focused on providing cost
recovery guidance to States which have cooperative agreements for enforcement
activities.
15-12
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Management and Support 15-13
Policy and Analysis - Office of Policy, Planning and
Evaluation 15-15
Administrative Management - Headquarters 15-16
Administrative Management - Regions 15-16
Legal Services - Office of General Counsel 15-17
LUST - Office of the Inspector General 15-17
-------
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK TRUST FUND
LUST Management t Support
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE *
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
LUST-Adtainistrative
Management- Off Admin.&
Resources Management
Leaking Underground $1.878.7 $2,285.3 $2,245.3 $2,285.3 $40.0
Storage Tanks Trust
TOTAL $1,878.7 $2,285.3 $2,245.3 $2,285.3 $40.0
Legal Services - Office
of General Counsel
Leaking Underground $220.9 $285.1 $285.1 $285.1 0.0
Storage Tanks Trust
TOTAL $220.9 $285.1 $285.1 $285.1 0.0
Policy t Analysis -
Office of Policy,
Planning C Evaluation
Leaking Underground $241.1 $276.9 $276.9 -$276.9
Storage Tanks Trust
TOTAL $241.1 $276.9 $276.9 -$276.9
Office Of Inspector
General - LUST
Office of Inspector $574.8 $574.8 $623.0 $48.2
General
TOTAL $574.8 $574.8 $623.0 $48.2
TOTAL:
Leaking Underground $2,340.7 $2,847.3 $2,807.3 $2,570.4 -$236.9
Storage Tanks Trust
Office of Inspector $574.8 $574.8 $623.0 $48.2
General
LUST Management t
Support TOTAL $2,340.7 $3,422.1 $3,382.1 $3,193.4 -$188.7
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
LUST-Administrative 10.9 14.1 14.1 15.4 1.3
Management- Off Adnin.l
Resources Management
Legal Services - Office 2.7 4.1 4.1 5.3 1.2
of General Counsel
15-13
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LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK TRUST FUND
LUST Management I Support
ACTUAL ENACTED CURRENT REQUEST INCREASE +
1990 1991 ESTIMATE 1992 DECREASE -
1991 1992 VS 1991
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Policy & Analysis - 3.0 3.0 3.0 0.0 -3.0
Office of Policy,
Planning I Evaluation
Office Of Inspector 0.0 3.5 3.5 4.5 1.0
General - LUST
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 13.9 22.0 22.0 25.2 3.2
TOTAL UOftlCYEARS
LUST-Adninistrative 11.5 15.4 15.4 15.4 0.0
Management* Off Adnin.fi
Resources Management
Legal Services - Office 3.5 5.3 5.3 5.3 0.0
of General Counsel
Policy t Analysis - 3.0 3.0 3.0 0.0 -3.0
Office of Policy.
Planning t Evaluation
Office Of Inspector 0.0 3.5 3.5 4.5 1.0
General - LUST
TOTAL gORKYEARS 15.3 24.5 24.5 25.2 0.7
15-14
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LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS (LUST) TRUST FUND
LUST Management and Support
Budget Request
The Agency requests $3,193,400 and 25.2 total workyears for 1992, a decrease
of $188,700 and an increase of 0.7 total workyears. All of the request is for
the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Trust -Fund appropriation.
POLICY AND ANALYSIS - OFFICE OF POLICY. PLANNING AND EVALUATION
1992 n Reuest
The Agency requests no dollars and no workyears for this program. This
represents a decrease of $276,900 and 0.3 total workyears from 1991. The
decrease reflects the discontinuation of policy and analysis support chargeable
to the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Trust Fund.
1991 Program
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $276,900 supported by 0.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Leaking Underground Storage
Tanks Trust Fund appropriation.
The Office of Policy Analysis (OPA) is supporting the development of
procedures to increase the efficiency of Office of Underground Storage Tanks
(OUST) cleanups. As part of this effort, OPA is assisting the program in
assessing the impacts of the toxicity characteristic deferral on UST cleanups.
In addition, OPA is evaluating the UST management model (i.e., franchise
approach, continuous improvement philosophy, Demming management method) to assess
whether the successes of the UST program may have some applicability to the
Agency's other contaminated media programs.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $241,100 supported by 0.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Leaking Underground Storage
Tanks Fund appropriation.
OPA assisted the program in developing a better understanding of the problem
created by the approximately 3,400,000 USTs exempt from UST requirements and in
developing programs to control this problem. OPA assisted states in developing
risk-based priority-setting, UST classification schemes and tools to improve
corrective action decisionmaking. In each of these areas, OPA refined the tools
and methodologies earlier developed to improve their usefulness in a different
state or local setting, expanded upon their current applications to include new
ones, and evaluated how best to implement, deliver, and distribute these to
states and local communities.
15-15
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ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1992
The Agency requests $1,268,600 supported by 8.8 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Trust
Fund appropriation. This represents no change from 1991. These resources will
be used to provide support costs such as rent, utilities, security and mail
operations for the LUST program and administrative services , such as contracts ,
grants, health and safety, and environmental compliance, personnel support, and
basic financial services such as processing payroll and vouchers, and producing
accurate financial reports.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,268,600 supported by 8.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Leaking Underground
Storage Tanks Trust Fund appropriation. These resources are used to provide
support services, financial services, and administrative services as described
above .
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $1,263,200 supported by 6 . 8 total
workyears, all of which was from the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Trust Fund
appropriation. These resources provided support services, financial services,
and administrative services described above.
ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,016,700 supported by 6.6 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
Trust Fund appropriation. This represents an increase of $40,000 from 1991. The
increase will provide for inflation in support services. Resources will provide
support costs such as rent, utilities, security, and mail operations for the LUST
program. Basic grant management services will be provided as well as financial
services such as processing payroll and vouchers and providing accurate financial
reports .
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $976,700 supported by 6.6 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Leaking Underground Storage
Tanks Trust appropriation. These resources are used to provide support services
and financial/grant services as described above.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, The Agency obligated a. total of $615,500 supported by 4.7
workyears, all of which was from Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Trust Fund
appropriation. These resources were used to provide support services and
15-16
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financial/grant services as described above.
LEGAL SERVICES - OFFICE OF GENERAL COUNSEL
1992 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $285,100 supported by 5.3 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
Trust Fund appropriation. This represents no change in funds or total workyears
from 1991.
The resources will provide legal support for the development of guidelines
and policies for administration of the Fund, supporting cooperative agreements
between EPA and States, providing advice and interpretations, and defense of the
Agency in legal actions taken against it regarding the Trust Fund.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total of $285,100 supported by 5.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Leaking Underground Storage
Tanks Trust Fund appropriation.
The request will provide legal support for the development of guidelines and
policies for administration of the fund; support cooperative agreements between
EPA and States; and provide advice, interpretations, and defense for the Agency
in legal actions taken against it regarding the Trust Fund.
1990 Accomplishments
In 1990, the Agency obligated a total of $220,900 supported by 3.5 total
workyears, all of which was from the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Trust Fund
appropriation. Legal support was provided to the development of guidelines and
policies through advice, counsel, and interpretations.
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS TRUST FUND - OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
Reuest
The Agency requests a total of $623,000 supported by 4.5 total workyears for
this program all of which will be for the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Trust
Fund portion of the Inspector General appropriation. This represents an increase
of $48,200 and 1.0 total workyear from 1991. This increase in resources will be
used to expand our investigative activities of the program.
Under the Inspector General Act of 1978., as amended, the Office of Inspector
General has authority to inquire into the Agency's program and administrative
activities and related activities of all parties performing under contracts.
grants, and other agreements with the Agency. The Super fund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act of 1986 established the Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
Trust fund and authorizes a total of $500,000,000 to be appropriated to this fund
rom 1987 to 1991.
15-17
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We will continue to audit the Agency's progress in implementing the program,
its use of funds, and the LUST Trust Fund financial statements. The DIG will
monitor audits of contracts conducted by the Defense Contract Audit Agency and
CPA firms, provide investigative support of audit activities and initiate
proactive investigative work in vulnerable areas of the program.
1991
In 1991, the Agency is allocating a total $574,800 supported by 3.5 total
workyears for this program all of which is from the Leaking Underground Storage
Tanks Trust Fund appropriation. The DIG has not audited the LUST Trust Fund
activities in prior years in order to give the Agency adequate lead time to get
the program underway. Through 1990 EPA has distributed to the states
$188,000,000. The resources allocated in 1991 will enable the OIG to initiate
performance and financial audits to evaluate the Agency's management of the
program and the guidance, controls, or requirements for the use of funds, along
with investigative support of those audits.
1990 AcconrplisbTPents
In 1990, there were no requests for funding or workyears by the OIG to
perform audits or investigations in this program. However, in 1989, we conducted
a preliminary audit of this program to assist management in identifying needed
improvements. Based on this initial audit we concluded that audits and
investigations would be necessary as the program matured.
15-18
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
SPECIAL ANALYSES
EPA Organizational Chart 16-1
EPA Regional Offices - Locations 16-2
Summary of Resources - by Appropriation 16-3
Summary of Resources - by Media 16-6
Object Classification - by Appropriation 16-10
Permanent Positions by Grade - by Appropriation 16-15
Average Grade and Salary 16-22
Summary of State Grant Resources . . 16-23
-------
us.
E3WIRONMENTAL
PROTECnON
AGENCY
A
SE
Administrative
Law Judges
Civil Rights
Small &
Disadvantage^
Business Utilization
Science
Advisory Board
Cooperative Environmental
Management
Executive Support
•••MM
1 1
Assistant Administrator
for Administration and
Resources Management
Ass
R
ADMINISTRATOR ^
DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR
Assistant Administrator
for
Enforcement
1 1
Assistant Administrator
for
International Activities
Inspector General
1 1
Assistant Administrator
for Air and Radiation
Assistant Administrator
for Pesticides and
Toxic Substances
Ass
1
General Counsel
1
Assistant Administratt
for Research and
Development
1
Assistant Administrat
(or
Water
oaate Administrator for
egtona) Operations &
State/Local Relations
otiate Administrator for
Communications &
Public Affairs
otiate Administrator for
Congressional &
Legislative Affairs
1
Assistant Adminis
for Policy, Planninj
Evaluation
>r
or
1
rator
3 and
Assistant Administrator
for Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
1 1 1
Region 1
Boston
Region II
New York
Region III
Philadelphia
1 1
Region VII
Kansas City
Region VIII
Denver
1 1 1
Region IV
Atlanta
1
Region IX
San Francisco
Region V
Chicago
1
Region X
Seattle
Region VI
Dallas
16-1
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGIONS
Locations and States
Region I Headquarters. Boston. Massachusetts
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
Region II Headquarters. New York. New York
New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
Region III Headquarters. Philadelphia. PA
Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland
Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia
Region IV Headquarters. Atlanta. Georgia
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky
Mississippi, North Carolina,
South Carolina, Tennessee
Region V Headquarters. Chicago. Illinois
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan,
Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin
Region VI Headquarters.Dallas. Texas
Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico,
Oklahoma, Texas
Region VII Headquarters Jn, Kansas City .Kansas
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
Region VIII Headquarters,Denver.Colorado
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota,
South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
Region IX San Francesco. California
Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada
American Samoa, Guam, Trust Territories of
Pacific Islands, Northern Mariana Islands
Region X Headquarters. Seattle. Washington
Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
16-2
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Sanitary of Budget Authority,
Obligations, Outlays, and Workyears
By Appropriation
(dollars in thousands)
Salaries and Expenses
Budget Authority $
Obi i gat i ons
Out 1 ays
Permanent Workyears
Tota 1 Workyears
Office of Inspector General
Budget Authority. $
Obt i gat i ons
Out I ays
Permanent Workyears
Total Workyears
Research and Development
Budget Authority $
Obi igations
Out 1 ays
Abatement, Control and
Compliance
Budget Authority $
Out 1 ays
Buildings and Facilities
Obi i gat i ons
Actual
1990
864,409.6
860,830.8
836,833.0
10,752.4
11,361.7
30,903.0
29,739.9
18,536.0
284.1
287.2
229,820.3
229,248.8
213,810.0
798.*35.1
810,572.0
657,897.0
14,652.0
17,555.7
15,136.0
Enacted
1991
$ 974,700.0
974,700.0
921,656.0
12,265.9
12,561.0
$ 37,000.0
37,000.0
26,322.0
350.4
350.4
$ 254,900.0
252,639.0
252,941.0
$1,006,525.0
1,007,758.0
893,481.0
S 40,000.0
47,356.0
33,022.0
Current
Estimate
1991
$ 974,700.0
974,700.0
921,656.0
12,265.9
12,561.0
$ 37,000.0
37,000.0
26,322.0
350.4
350.4
$ 254,900.0
252,639.0
252,941.0
$1,006,525.0
1,007,758.0
893,481.0
$ 40,000.0
47,356.0
33,022.0
Increase/
decrease
Request 1992 Req. vs
1992 Current 1991
$1,090,000.0 $
1,090,000.0
1,061,889.0
13,153.0
13,153.0
$ 41,200.0 $
41,200.0
38,954.0
366.3
366.3
$ 313,000.0 $
311,838.0
276,247.0
$1,019,505.0 $
1,019,195.0
892,941.0
$ 13,000.0 $
13,000.0
18,680.0
115,300.0
115,300.0
140,233.0
887.1
592.0
4,200.0
4,200.0
12,632.0
15.9
15.9
58,100.0
59,199.0
23,306.0
12,980.0
11,437.0
(540.0)
(27,000.0)
(34,356.0)
(14,342.0)
16-3
-------
Actual
1990
Enacted
1991
Current
Estimate
1991
Request
1992
Increase/
decrease
1992 Req. vs
Current 1991
SUBTOTAL,
OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Authority $1,938,220.0 $2,313,125.0 $2,313,125.0 $2,476,705.0 $ 105,480.0
Obligations 1,947,947.2 2,319,453.0 2,319,453.0 2,475,233.0 105,013.0
Outlays 1,742,212.0 2,127,422.0 2,127,422.0 2,288,711.0 125,351.0
>t
Permanent Workyears 11,036.5 12,616.3 12,616.3 13,519.3 887.1
Total Workyears 11,648.9 12,911.4 12,911.4 13,519.3 592.0
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Budget Authority $1,530,228.0 $1,616,228.0 $1,616,228.0 $1,750,000.0 $ 133,772.0
Obligations 1,602,844.3 1,645,398.0 1,645,398.0 1,750,000.0 104,602.0
Outlays 1,143,870.0 1,361,076.0 1,361,076.0 1,513,733.0 152,657.0
Permanent Workyears 3,132.7 3,331.3 3,331.3 3,602.3 271.0
Total Workyears 3,328.0 3,467.2 3,467.2 3,602.3 135.1
LUST Trust Fund
Budget Authority $ 74,097.0 $ 65,000.2 $ 65,000.2 $ 85,000.0 $ 19,999.8
Obligations 74,746.0 68,615.0 68,615.0 85,000.0 16,385.0
Outlays 59,305.0 69,035.0 69,035.0 90,815.0 21,780.0
Permanent Workyears 78.3 85.1 85.1 90.4 5.3
Total Workyears 83.4 90.4 90.4 90.4 0.0
Construction Grants
Budget Authority $1,948,029.0 $2,100,000.0 $2,100,000.0 $1,900,000.0 $ (200,000.0)
Obligations 2,439,611.9 2,511,000.0 2,511,000.0 1,965,000.0 (546,000.0)
Outlays 2,289,945.0 2,352,887.0 2,352,887.0 2,194,175.0 (158,712.0)
Ocean Dumping Fund
Obligations $ 1,365.9 $ 1,420.0 $ 1,420.0 $ 540.0 $ (880.0)
Permanent Workyears 0.0 11.4 11.4 12.0 0.6
Total Workyears 0.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 0.0
Tolerances
Revolving Fund
Obligations $ 1,000.0 $ 1,200.0 $ 1,200.0 $ 1,200,0 $ 0.0
Outlays (447.0) (200.0) (200.0) (200.0) 0.0
16-4
-------
Actual
1990
Enacted
1991
Current
Estimate
1991
Request
1992
Increase/
decrease
1992 Req. vs
Current 1991
Misc. Contn'b. Funds
Obligations $ 0.0 '$ 10.0 $ 10.0 $ 10.0 $ 0.0
Outlays 4.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
Reregistration & Expedited
Processing Revolving Fund
Obligations $ 25,216.5 $ 21,866.9 * 21,866.9 $ 0.0 $ (21,866.9)
Outlays (15,471.0) 11,078.0 11,078.0 11,011.0 (67.0)
Permanent Workyears 139.3 237.0 237.0 326.0 89.0
Total Workyears 144.0 238.5 238.5 326.0 87.5
Asbestos in schools fund
Outlays $ 0.0 $ 0.0 $ 0.0 $ 26,399.0 $ 26,399.0
Reimbursements - S&E
Obligations $ 20,869.0 $ 33,580.0 $ 33,580.0 $ 36,035.0 $ 2,455.0
Permanent Workyears 67.3 62.0 62.0 72.0 10.0
Total Workyears 67.4 62.0 62.0 72.0 10.0
Reimbursements - Superfund
Obligations $ 4,935.2 $ 30,000.0 $ 30,000.0 $ 30,000.0 $ 0.0
Reimbursements - R&O
Obligations $ 4,470.4 $ 5,000.0 $ 5,000.0 $ 5,000.0 $ 0.0
TOTAL, EPA
Budget Authority $5,490,574.0 $6,094,353.2 $6,094,353.2 $6,211,705.0 $ 117,351.8
Obligations 6,123,006.4 6,637,542.9 6,637,542.9 6,348,018.0 (289,524.9)
Outlays 5,219,418.0 5,921,308.0 5,921,308.0 6,124,654.0 203,346.0
Permanent Workyears 14,454.1 16,343.1 16,343.1 17,622.0 1,278.9
Total Workyears 15,271.7 16,781.5 16,781.5 17,622.0 840.5
z====s=s==== ============ ============ ============ ============
16-5
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Budget Authority,
Obligations, Outlays, and Workyears
By Media
(dollars in thousands)
Air
Budget Authority
Obligations
Out I ays
Permanent Workyears ....
Total Workyears
Water Quality
Budget Authority
Obi i gat ions
Out 1 ays
Permanent Uorkyears. . . .
Total Workyears
Drinking Water
Budget Authori ty. ......
Obligations
Out 1 ays
Permanent Workyears....
Hazardous Waste
Budget Authority..
Permanent Workyears....
Total Workvears
Actual
1990
$ 291,888.8
291 142.2
331 039 5
1,639.6
1 717.2
$ 345 971 1
351 525.3
270 881.4
2 007.1
2 131.6
$ 119,281.1
119,872.2
110 071.8
683.2
725.0
$ 267,352.0
274,115.4
234 382.5
1,328.9
1.397.3
Enacted
1991
$ 394,830.2 $
390,292.3
361,695.3
1,935.8
1,971.0
S 418,490.2 $
418,774.0
380,802.2
2.157.0
2,240.6
$ 134,189.0 $
134,037.7
121,473.0
774.4
798.7
$ 311,019.1 $
312,174.7
285,317.5
1,574.6
1,631.8
Current
Estimate
1991
394,874.3 $
390,336.0
361,736.5
1,935.8
1,971.0
418,531.3 $
418,815.8
380,840.4
2,157.0
2,240.6
134,232.4 $
134,081.0
121,513.4
774.4
798.7
310,989.6 $
312,145.0
285.290.1
1,574.6
1.631.8
Increase/
decrease
Request 1992 Req. vs
1992 Current 1991
511,787.8 $
504,642.0
460,917.0
2,267.9
2,267.9
412,822.1 $
413,302.0
376,419.9
2,330.8
2,330.8
136,148.4 $
135,929.0
122,210.1
805.4
805.4
333,735.0 *
334,326.0
302,619.2
1,660.0
1,660.0
116,913.5
114,306.0
99,180.5
332.1
296.9
(5,709.2)
(5,513.8)
(4,420.5)
173.8
90.2
1,916.0
1,848.0
696.7
31.0
6.7
22,745.4
22,181.0
17,329.1
85.4
28.2
16-6
-------
Pesticides
Budget Authority
Obi igations
Permanent Workyears.....
Radiation
Budget Author i ty
Obi i gat i ons
Out 1 ays
Permanent Workyears
Noise
Budget Authority..
Obi igations
Out 1 ays
Multimedia
Budget Authority
Obi igations
Out lays
Permanent Uorkyears
Tota 1 Workyears
Toxic Substances
Budget Authori ty
Out lays
Permanent Workyears
Total Workyears
Energy
Obi i gat i ons
Outlays
Actual
1990
$ 104,784.7 $
96,600.4
81,413.9
804.9
838.0
$ 34,438.7 $
34,550.3
22,332.3
192.6
202.4
$ 0.0 $
0.0
14.6
$ 124,875.0 $
125,656.7
92,597.3
643.0
683.7
* 156,205.8 J
158,950.6
133,472.6
830.6
859.3
$ 33,351.2 $
33,325.1
50.598.1
Enacted
1991
107,594.3 $
106,954.4
98,930.0
860.8
869.7
38,956.0 $
38,680.0
35,967.7
237.1
240.2
0.0 $
0.0
0.0
177,867.9 $
179,273.0
173,348.9
823.7
842.4
167,076.8 $
167,720.9
153,123.0
883.5
895.4
13,621.8 $
13,387.0
13,437.8
Current
Estimate
1991
107,566.8 $
106,927.0
98,904.3
860.8
869.7
38,956.0 $
38,680.0
35,967.6
237.1
240.2
0.0 S
0.0
0.0
177,898.6 $
179,304.0
173,377.5
823.7
842.4
167,091.8 $
167,736.0
153,137.0
883.5
895.4
13,621.8 $
13,387.0
13.437.8
Increase/
decrease
Request 1992 Req. vs
1992 Current 1991
117,063.8 $
116,052.0
107,800.8
892.7
892.7
39,627.2 $
40,132.0
36,370.0
241.2
241.2
0.0 $
0.0
0.0
215,010.0 $
216,834.0
195,936.8
897.4
897.4
119,287.2 $
121,151.0
111,554.3
891.9
891.9
13,672.2 $
13,386.0
12,246.9
9,497.0
9,125.0
8,896.5
31.9
23.0
671.2
1,452.0
402.4
4.1
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
37,111.4
37,530.0
22,559.3
73.7
55.0
(47,804.6)
(46,585.0)
(41,582 >
8.4
(3.5)
50.4
(1.0)
(1.190.9)
16-7
-------
Permanent Work/ears.
TotaI Workyears
Management and Support
Budget Authority.
Obligations..
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
Buildings and Facilities
Budget Authority.
Obligations
Outlays
Actual
1990
48.5
49 ..0
435,361.7
434,923.8
395,820.2
2,797.2
2,984.4
14,652.0
17,555.7
15,136.0
Enacted
1991
30.4
30.4
$ 495,798.5
497,121.8
460,600.8
3,250.7
3,302.9
$ 40,000.0
47,356.0
33,022.0
Current
Estimate
1991
30.4
30.4
$ 495,681.2 $
497,004.0
460,491.6
3,250.7
3,302.9
$ 40,000.0 %
47,356.0
33,022.0
Increase/
decrease
Request 1992 Req. vs
1992 Current 1991
30.4
30.4
548,974.3 $
550,902.0
529,264.0
3,401.3
3,401.3
13,000.0 $
13,000.0
18,680.0
c.o
0.0
53,293.1
53,898.0
68,772.4
150.6
98.4
(27,000.0)
(34,356.0)
(14,342.0)
Hazardous Substance
Superfund
Budget Authority.
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Uorkyears
$1,540,285.9 $1,629,334.4 $1,629,334.4 $1,764,954.0 $ 135,619.6
1,612,573.8 1,658,504.4 1,658,504.4 1,764,954.0 106,449.6
1,148,321.8 1,370,372.2 1,370,372.2 1,527,837.0 157,464.8
3,193.6
3,389.0
3,416.1
3,552.0
3,416.1
3,552.0
3,698.1
3,698.1
282.0
146.1
LUST Trust Fund
Budget Authority.
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
$ 74,097.0
74,746.0
59,305.0
78.3
83.4
65,575.0
69,189.8
69,442.6
88.6
93.9
65,575.0 $
69,189.8
69,442.6
88.6
93.9
85,623.0
85,623.0
91,403.0
94.9
94.9
$ 20,048.0
16,433.2
21,960.4
6.3
1.0
Construction Grants
Budget Authority.
Obligations
Outlays
$1,948,029.0 $2,100,000.0 $2,100,000.0 $1,900,000.0 $ (200,000.0)
2,439,611.9 2,511,000.0 2,511,000.0 1,965,000.0 (546,000.0)
2,289,945.0 2,352,887.0 2,352,887.0 2,194,175.0 (158,712.0)
Ocean Dumping Fund
Obligations
1,365.9 $ 1,420.0 $ 1,420.0 $
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
0.0
0.0
11.4
12.0
11.4
12.0
540.0 $
12.0
12.0
(880.0)
0.6
0.0
16-8
-------
Actual
1990
Enacted
1991
Current
Estimate
1991
Request
1992
Increase/
decrease
1992 Req. vs
Current 1991
Tolerances
Revolving Fund
Obligations $ 1,000.0 $ 1,200.0 $ 1,200.0 $ 1,200.0 $ 0.0
Outlays (447.0) (200.0) (200.0) (200.0) 0.0
Misc. Contrib. Funds
Obligations 5 0.0 $ 10.0 $ 10.0 $ 10.0 $ 0.0
Outlays 4.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
Reregistration & Expedited
Processing Revolving Fund
Obligations $ 25,216.5 $ 21,866.9 $ 21,866.9 $ 0.0 $ (21,866.9)
Outlays (15,471.0) 11,078.0 11,078.0 11,011.0 (67.0)
Permanent Workyears 139.3 237.0 237.0 326.0 89.0
Total Workyears 144.0 238.5 238.5 326.0 87.5
Asbestos in schools fund
Outlays $ 0.0 $ 0.0 $ 0.0 $ 26,399.0 $ 26,399.0
Reimbursements - S&E
Obligations $ 20,869.0 $ 33,580.0 $ 33,580.0 $ 36,035.0 $ 2,455.0
Permanent Workyears 67.3 62.0 62.0 72.0 10.0
Total Workyears 67.4 62.0 62.0 72.0 10.0
Reimbursements - Super-fund
Obligations $ 4,935.2 * 30,000.0 $ 30,000.0 $ 30,000.0 $ 0.0
Reimbursements - -R&D
Obligations $ 4,470.4 $ 5,000.0 $ 5,000.0 $ 5,000.0 $ 0.0
TOTAL, EPA
Budget Authority $5,490,574.0 $6,094,353.2 $6,094,353.2 $6,211,705.0 $ 117,351.8
Obligations 6,123,006.4 6,637,542.9 6,637,542.9 6,348,018.0 (289,524.9)
Outlays 5,219,418.0 5,921,308.0 5,921,308.0 6.124,654.0 203,346.0
Permanent Workyears 14,454.1 16,343.1 16,343.1 17,622.0 1.278.9
Total Workyears 15,271.7 16,781.5 16,781.5 17,622.0 840.5
16-9
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Direct Obligations
(dollars in thousands)
Salaries and Expenses
Personnel Services $
Other objects:
21.0 Travel and trans-
portation of persons
22.0 Transportation of things.
23.1 Rental payments to GSA...
23.2 Rental payments to others
23.3 Communications,utilities,
and misc. charges
24.0 Printing and reproduction
25.0 Other services
26.0 Supplies and materials...
31.0 Equipment
32.0 Land and structures
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and
cont r i but ions
42.0 Insurance, claims, and
indemnities
subtotal, other objects...
Total obligations
Actual
1990
566,779.0 $
22,991.0
2,449.0
48,664.0
6,977.0
36,471.0
6,055.0
100,879.8
18,452.0
47,671.0
487.0
2,931.0
24.0
294,051.8
860,830.8
Current
Estimate
1991
651,021.0
27,475.0
2,559.0
59,300.0
9,600.0
38,112.0
6,656.0
104,359.0
20,283.0
52,401.0
509.0
2,400.0
25.0
323,679.0
974.700.0
Request
1992
$ 718,397.0
33,450.0
2,680.0
76,375.0
10,555.0
41,905.0
7,320.0
116,345.0
22,300.0
57,615.0
532.0
2,500.0
26.0
371,603.0
1,090,000.0
Increase/
decrease
1992 Req. vs
Current 1991
$ 67,376.0
5,975.0
121.0
17,075.0
955.0
3,793.0
664.0
11,986.0
2,017.0
5,214.0
23.0
100.0
1.0
47,924.0
115,300.0
16-10
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Direct Obligations
(dollars in thousands)
Office of the Inspector General
Other objects:
21.0 Travel and trans-
portation of persons
23.1 Rental payments to GSA...
23.3 Communications (utilities,
and misc. charges
24.0 Printing and reproduction.
25.0 Other services
26.0 Supplies and materials...
31.0 Equipment
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and
contributions
subtotal, other objects...
Total obligations (QIC)
Research and Development
24.0 Printing and reproduction. $
25.0 Other services
31.0 Equipment
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and
contributions
Total obligations
Actual
1990
14,711.0
1,462.0
28.0
114.0
107.0
11,158.9
501.0
815.0
843.0
15,028.9
29,739.9
521.0 *
140,708.8
9,519.0
78,500.0
229,248.8
Current
Estimate
1991
18,026.0
2,317.0
45.0
181.0
170.0
13,960.0
798.0
1,297.0
206.0
18,974.0
37.000.0
1,348.0
146,704.0
24,628.0
79,959.0
252.639.0
Request
1992
19,415.0
2,557.0
58.0
250.0
230.0
17,049.0
1,017.0
324.0
300.0
21,785.0
41,200.0
$ 1,664.0
181,071.0
30,397.0
98,706.0
311,838.0
Increase/
decrease
1992 Req. vs
Current 1991
1,389.0
240.0
13.0
69.0
60.0
3,089.0
219.0
(973.0)
94.0
2,811.0
4,200.0
S 316.0
34,367.0
5.769.0
18,747.0
59,199.0
16-11
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Direct Obligations
(dollars in thousands)
Actual
1990
Abatement, Control, and
Compliance
Current
Estimate
1991
Request
1992
Increase/
decrease
1992 Req. vs
Current 1991
21.0 Travel and trans-
portation of persons
22.0 Transportation of things.
23.3 Communications,utilities,
and misc. charges
24.0 Printing and reproduction
25.0 Other services
26.0 Supplies and materials...
31.0 Equipment
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and
contributions
Total obligations.
492.0
3.0
14.0
549.0
283,613.0
42.0
303.0
525,556.0
810,572.0
$ 649.0
9.0
41.0
1,604.0
414,630.0
123.0
886.0
589,816,0
1,007.758,0
$ 656.0 $
9.0
41.0
1,630.0
409,375.0
124.0
800.0
606,560.0
1,019,195.0
7.0
0.0
0.0
26.0
(5,255.0)
1.0
(86.0)
16,744.0
11,437.0
Buildings and Facilities
21.0 Travel and trans-
portation of persons $ 159.0 $ 568.0 $ 156.0 $ (412.0)
25.0 Other services 11,455.7 44,515.0 12,220.0 (32,295.0)
32.0 Land and structures 3,011.0 2,273.0 624.0 (1,649.0)
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and
contributions 2,930.0
Total obligations (B4F).... 17,555.7 47,356.0 13,000.0 (34,356.0)
16-12
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Direct Obligations
(dollars in thousands)
Hazardous Substance Superfund
Personnel Services $
Other objects:
21.0 Travel and trans-
portation of persons
22.0 Transportation of things.
23.1 Rental payments to GSA...
23.2 Rental payments to others.
23.3 Communications,utilities,
and misc. charges
24.0 Printing and reproduction
25.0 Other services
26.0 Supplies and materials...
31.0 Equipment
32.0 Land and structures
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and
contributions
42.0 Insurance, claims, and
i ndemn i t i es
ALLOCATION ACCOUNTS
Personnel Services
Other objects:
21.0 Travel and trans-
portation of persons
22.0 Transportation of things.
23.1 Rental payments to GSA...
23.3 Communications,utilities,
and misc. charges
24.0 Printing and reproduction
25.0 Other services
Actual
1990
. 156,147.0
11,431.0
623.0
H, 156.0
3,108.0
8,349.0
1,311.0
1,117,469.3
5,474.0
22,526.0
270.0
205,025.0
5.0
1,389,747.3
1,545,894.3
12,600.0
1,394.0
164.0
58.0
353.0
467.0
24,226.0
Current
Estimate
1991
J 165,689.0
10,747.0
586.0
13,309.0
2,922.0
7,849.0
1,233.0
1,169,271.0
5,146.0
21,178.0
254.0
192,756.0
5.0
1,425,256.0
1,590,945.0
12,034.0
1,333.0
157.0
55.0
338.0
447.0
23,176.0
Request
1992
$ 177,000.0
11,481.0
626.0
14,218.0
3,121.0
8,385.0
1,317.0
1,249,088.0
5,497.0
22,624.0
271.0
205,914.0
5.0
1,522,547.0
1,699,547.0
11,149.0
1,235.0
145.0
51.0
313.0
414.0
21,475.0
Increase/
decrease
1992 Req. vs
Current 1991
$ 11,311.0
734.0
40.0
909.0
199.0
536.0
84.0
79,817.0
351.0
1,446.0
17.0
13,158.0
0.0
97,291.0
108,602.0
(885.0)
(98.0)
(12.0)
(4.0)
(25.0)
(33.0)
(1,701.0)
16-13
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Direct Obligations
(dollars in thousands)
26.0 Supplies and materials...
31.0 Equipment....
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and
contributions
subtotal, allocation accts.
Reimbursable obligations
Total obligations
Actual
1990
315.0
2 312.0
15 061.0
56,950.0
4 935.2
1.607.779.5
Current
Estimate
1991
301.0
2 211.0
14 401.0
54,453.0
30 000.0
1.675.398.0
Request
1992
279.0
2 049.0
13 343.0
50,453.0
30,000.0
1.780.000.0
Increase/
decrease
1992 Req. vs
Current 1991
(22.0)
(162.0)
(1 058.0)
(4,000.0)
0.0
104.602.0
LUST Trust Fund
Personnel Services $
Other objects:
21.0 Travel and trans-
portat i on of persons
22.0 Transportation of things.
23.1 Rental payments to GSA...
23.2 Rental payments to others
23.3 Common i cations, utilities.
24.0 Printing and reproduction
25.0 Other services
26.0 Supplies and materials...
31.0 Equipment
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and
contributions
subtotal, other objects...
Total obligations (LUST)...
4,198.0 $
407.0
9.0
483.0
64.0
58.0
28.0
4,038.0
43.0
310.0
65,108.0
70,548.0
74,746.0
4,389.0 $
832.0
14.0
503.0
75.0
85.0
52.0
4,173.0
47.0
317.0
58,128.0
64,226.0
68,615.0
5,517.0 $
867.0
17.0
634.0
93.0
110.0
68.0
5,245.0
59.0
398.0
71,992.0
79,483.0
85,000.0
1,128.0
35.0
3.0
131.0
18.0
25.0
16.0
1,072.0
12.0
81.0
13,864.0
15,257.0
16,385.0
16-14
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions by Grade
SALARIES AND EXPENSES
Grades
Executive Level II
Executive Level III
Executive Level IV
Subtotal
ES-6
ES-5
ES-4
ES-3
ES-2
ES-1
Subtotal
GS-17
GS-16
GS/GM-15
GS/GM-14
GS/GM-13
GS-12
GS-11
GS-10
GS-9
GS-8
GS-7
GS-6
GS-5
GS-4
GS-3
GS-2
Subtotal
Positions established by act of
July 1, 1974 (42 U.S.C. 207):
Director Grade 07, $47,354 to
$69,012
Senior Grade 06, $35,100 to
$60,624
Senior Grade 05, $28,069 to
$49,471
Full Grade 04, $23,663 to
$41,368
Assistant Grade 03, $21,989
to $35,777
Subtotal
11,104
1
46
85
38
Current
Estimate
1991
1
1
12
13
40
87
62
26
7
235
1
9
830
1,592
2,384
2,269
1,183
68
916
235
932
491
590
221
35
4
11,760
1
48
91
40
Estimate
1992
1
-II
13
14
42
93
67
27
8
251
1
10
890
1,706
2,553
2,432
1,268
73
982
252
999
527
632
237
37
4
12,603
178
189
1
53
96
43
9
202
16-15
-------
Grades
Positions established by act of
November 16, 1977 (42 U.S.C. 201)
compensation for which is not to
exceed the maximum payable for a
GS-18
Actual
1990
20
Current
Estimate
1991
21
Estimate
1992
25
Ungraded
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS
50
11,585
53
12,266
59
13,153
16-16
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions by Grade
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
Grades
Executive Level IV ..
ES-5
ES-4
ES-3
ES-2
Subtotal
GS/GM-15
GS/GM-14
GS/GM-13
GS-12
GS-11
GS-10
GS-9
GS-8
GS-7
GS-6
GS-5
GS-4
GS-3
Subtotal
Actual
1990
1
2
2
22
33
73
68
22
3
22
2
24
9
8
4
Current
Estimate
1991
1
3
2
26
39
85
80
26
3
26
2
28
10
9
5
Estimate
1992
1
4
2
_i
8
27
41
89
83
27
4
27
2
29
11
10
5
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS
292
299
342
3~50
357
366
16-17
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions by Grade
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE SUPERFUND
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Grade 1990 1991 1992
ES-5 3 2 2
ES-4 7 11 11
ES-3 10 11 12
Subtotal 20 24 25
GS/GM-15 Ill 116 126
GS/GM-14 283 297 322
GS/GM-13 764 804 869
GS-12 763 803 868
GS-11 360 379 409
GS-10 1 1 1
GS-9 180 189 205
GS-8 21 22 24
GS-7 222 233 253
GS-6 87 91 99
GS-5 219 230 249
GS-4 96 101 109
GS-3 10 11 11
GS-2 3 3 3
Subtotal 3,120 3,280 3,548
Positions established by act of
July 1, 1974 (42 U.S.C. 207):
Director Grade 06, $35,100 to
$60,624 6 6
Senior Grade 05, $28,069 to
$49,471 11 12
Full Grade 04, $23,663 to
$41,368 6 6
Assistant grade 03, $21,989 to
$35,777 _3 __3
Subtotal 26 27
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS 3,166 3,331
16-18
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions by Grade
LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK (LUST)
Grade
GS/GM-15
GS/GM-14
GS/GM-13
GS-12 ..
GS-11 ..
GS-9 ...
GS-7
GS-6 . . .
GS-5 .. .
GS-4 . ..
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS.
Actual
1990
2
7
21
21
11
6
2
2
4
JL
77
Current
Estimate
1991
2
8
23
23
12
7
2
2
5
JL
85
Estimate
2
8
25
24
13
7
2
2
6
90
16-19
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions by Grade
REREGISTRATION AND EXPEDITED PROCESSING REVOLVING FUND
(FIFRA)
Grades
GS/GM-15
GS/GM-14
GS/GM-13
GS-12 ..
GS-11 ..
GS-9
GS-8
GS-7 ...
Actual
1990
4
13
21
23
27
15
2
3
Subtotal
108
Current
Estimate
1991
9
28
46
50
59
33
4
7
236
Estimate
1992
12
39
64
69
81
45
6
9
325
Positions established by act of
July 1, 1974 (42 U.S.C. 207):
Director Grade 06, $35,100 to
$60,624
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS ..
109
237
326
16-20
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions by Grade
REIMBURSABLES
(SALARIES AND EXPENSES)
Grades
ES-4
GS/GM-15
GS/GM-14
GS/GM-13
GS-12
GS-11
GS-10
GS-9
GS-8
GS-7
GS-6
GS-5
Subtotal
Positions established by act of
July 1, 1974 (42 U.S.C. 207):
Director Grade 06, $35,100 to
$60,624
Senior Grade 05, $28,069 to
$49,471
Subtotal ....
Ungraded
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS
Actual
1990
2
5
4
8
9
1
A
6
3
5
1
_1
48
Current
Estimate
1991
2
6
5
9
10
1
7
3
6
1
_5
55
54
_3
5
62
Estimate
1992
3
7
5
11
12
1
8
4
7
1
_5
64
_3
6
72
16-21
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Average Grade and Salary
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Appropriation/Pay Plan 1990 1991 1992
Salaries and Expenses
Average ES Salary $78,605 $81,042 $83,554
Average GS/GM Grade 11.1 li.l 11.1
Average GS/GM Salary $40,580 $41,838 $43,135
Average Salary of Ungraded
Positions $13,235 $13,645 $14,068
Office of the Inspector General
Average ES Salary $78,233 $80,580 $83,078
Average GS/GM Grade 11.4 11.4 11.4
Average GS/GM Salary $41,378 $42,661 $43,983
Superfund
Average ES Salary $78,730 $81,171 $83,687
Average GS/GM Grade 10.9 10.9 10.9
Average GS/GM Salary $37,858 $39,032 $40,242
Leaking Underground Storage Tank
Average GS/GM Grade 11.4 11.4 11.3
Average GS/GM Salary $39,671 $40,901 $42,169
FIFRA Revolving Fund
Average GS/GM Grade 11.7 11.7 11.7
Average GS/GM Salary $38,680 $39,879 $41,115
Reimbursables
Average GS/GM Grade 10.3 10.3 10.4
Average GS/GM Salary $36,145 $37,265 $38,420
TOTAL AGENCY AVERAGE
Average ES Salary $78,609 $81,046 $83,558
Average GS/GM Grade 11.1 11.1 11.1
Average GS/GM Salary $39,988 $41,228 $42,506
Average Salary of Ungraded
Positions $13,235 $13,645 $14,068
16-22
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of State Grant Resources
(in thousands of dollars)
AIR
Section 105
WATER QUALITY
Section 106
Clean Lakes
Nonpoint Source
Wetlands Program
Implementation
DRINKING WATER
Public Water Systems
Program Grants
Underground Injection
Control Program
Special Studies
HAZARDOUS WASTE
N.W. Financial
Assistance
Underground Storage
Tanks
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enforcement
Grants
Pesticides Program
Implementation
RADIATION
Radon State Grants
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances
Enforcement Grants
SUBTOTAL
ACTUAL
1990
$98,924.7
123,694.4
73,846.8
12,123.3
36,509.4
1,214.9
54,947.4
40,021.7
10,552.1
4,373.6
77,600.1
68,645.4
8,954.7
24,725.2
12,462.0
12,263.2
7,617.0
3,205.5
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1991
$138,275.0
144,533.0
81,700.0
7,583.0
50,250.0
5,000.0
62,600.0
47,450.0
10,500.0
4,650.0
91,967.0
82,967.0
9,000.0
30,303.4
15,803.4
14,500.0
9,000.0
5,100.0
REQUEST
1992
$162,700.0
114,450.0
81,700.0
0.0
24,250.0
8,500.0
60,950.0
49,950.0
10,500.0
500.0
99,292.0
90,292.0
9,000.0
30,303.4
15,803.4
14,500.0
9,000.0
5,100.0
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1992 VS 1991
+24,425.0
(30,083.0)
0.0
(7,583.0)
(26,000.0)
+3,500.0
(1,650.0)
+2,500.0
0.0
(4,150.0)
+7,325.0
+7,325.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
$390,714.3 $481,778.4 $481,795.4 +$17.0
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
2,439,611.9 2,100,000.0 1,900,000.0 (200,000.0)
TOTAL
$2,830,326.2 $2,581,778.4 $2,381,795.4 (199,983.0)
16-23
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1992 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
AGENCY USER FEES 17-1
Agency User Fees 17-1
-------
AGENCY USER FEES
Anticipated
1992 Revenues
Toxic Pre-Manufacture .Notices $ 3.5M
Radon Training and Certification $ 2. 5M
Motor Vehicle Testing $ 7.OM
Water NPDES Permits $10.OM
TOTAL $23.0M
Toxics Pre-Manufacture Notices
This fee has been collected since FY 1989 for the review and
processing of new chemical pre-manufacture notices (PMNs). The
fee is paid by chemical companies at the time of submission of
the PMN for review by the Office of Toxic Substances. The fee
was established by regulation published August 1988.
PMN fees are specifically authorized by the Toxic Substances
Control Act (TSCA). TSCA contains a cap of $2,500 on the amount
that the Agency may charge for a single PMN review. For this
reason the total annual revenues that could be received are
limited to less than $4 million. Fee revenues are deposited in
the General Fund of the U.S. Treasury.
Radon Training and Certification
The Office of Radiation Programs (ORP) is developing two
fees, one for training of radon abatement contractors and the
other for training and certification of radon measurement
devices. Total revenues from both fees are expected to reach
$2.5 million in FY 1992.
These fees are specifically authorized by the Indoor Radon
Abatement Act to recover the cost to the Agency of its training
and certification programs. The Act authorizes establishment of
a Special Fund in the U.S. Treasury for receipt of radon fees
from which funds can be appropriated to the Agency to support
radon training and certification.
ORP has published a draft rule to institute these fees and
expects the final rule to be published in late FY 1991. Fee
collection will begin in early FY 1992.
Motor Vehicle Testing
The Office of Air and Radiation (OAR) is developing a
proposed rule to establish new fees to cover EPA's costs for
conducting its Motor Vehicle and Engine Compliance Program
(MVECP). The activities include engine and fuel economy testing
and certification, selective Enforcement Auditing, and in-use
compliance activities. The fees would be imposed on
17-1
-------
manufacturers of light-duty vehicles, light and heavy trucks and
motorcycles. The draft rule is expected to be published by May
1991 with a final rule in place early in FY 1992.
The fee would recover EPA's costs for certifying new engines
and vehicles, compliance monitoring for new engines and vehicles,,
and compliance monitoring of in-use engines and vehicles under
sections 206 (a) and (b) and 207 (c) of the Clean Air Act. This
would include EPA's costs to calculate Corporate Average Fuel
Economy (CAFE) and to conduct emissions testing.
Authority for these fees is found in the Independent Offices
Appropriations Act and section 217 of the Clean Air Act as
amended. Total revenues for all fees are expected at $7 million
in FY 1992. The fuel economy portion of the fee would be
deposited in the General Fund of the U.S. Treasury.
NPDES Permits
The Office of Water is proposing to establish fees to
recover EPA's costs of issuing permits to industrial and
municipal discharges to water bodies under the National Pollution
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. The fee would be
applicable to permit applicants only in the 10 non-delegated
states (where EPA conducts the permit program). Authority for
the fee is contained in the Independent Offices Appropriation Act
and the Clean Water Act as amended.
An Agency Work group is developing the fee proposal and
expects to have a draft rule ready for publication in mid-1991
with a final rule early in FY 1992. Expected revenues are $10
million in FY 1992. Fee receipts will be deposited in the
General Fund of the U.S. Treasury.
-------
AGENCY USER FEES
Anticipated
1992 Revenues
Toxic Pre-Manufacture Notices $ 3.5M
Radon Training and Certification $ 2.5M
Motor Vehicle Testing $ 7.0M
Water NPDES Permits $10.ON
TOTAL $23.OH
Toxics Pre-Manufacture Notices
This fee has been collected since FY 1989 for the review and
processing of new chemical pre-manufacture notices (PMNs). The
fee is paid by chemical companies at the time of submission of
the PMN for review by the Office of Toxic Substances. The fee
was established by regulation published August 1988.
PMN fees are specifically authorized by the Toxic Substances
Control Act (TSCA). TSCA contains a cap of $2,500 on the amount
that the Agency may charge for a single PMN review. For this
reason the total annual revenues that could be received are
limited to less than $4 million. Fee revenues are deposited in
the General Fund of the U.S. Treasury.
Radon Training and Certification
The Office of Radiation Programs (ORP) is developing two
fees, one for training of radon abatement contractors and the
other for training and certification of radon measurement
devices. Total revenues from both fees are expected to reach
$2.5 million in FY 1992.
These fees are specifically authorized by the Indoor Radon
Abatement Act to recover .he cost to the Agency of its training
and certification programs. The Act authorizes establishment of
a Special Fund in the U.S. Treasury for receipt of radon fees
from which funds can be appropriated to the Agency to support
radon training and certification.
ORP has published a draft rule to institute these fees and
expects the final rule to be published in late FY 1991. Fee
collection will begin in early FY 1992.
Motor Vehicle Testing
The Office of Air and Radiation (OAR) is developing a
proposed rule to establish new fees to cover EPA's costs for
conducting its Motor Vehicle and Engine Compliance Program
(MVECP). The activities include engine and fuel economy testing
and certification, selective Enforcement Auditing, and in-use
compliance activities. The fees would be imposed on
17-1
-------
manufacturers of light-duty vehicles, light and heavy trucks
motorcycles. The draft rule is expected to be published by
1991 with a final rule in place early in FY 1992.
The fee would recover EPA's costs for certifying new engines
and vehicles, compliance monitoring for new engines and vehicles,
and compliance monitoring of in-use engines and vehicles under
sections 206 (a) and (b) and 207 (c) of the Clean Air Act. This
would include EPA's costs to calculate Corporate Average Fuel
Economy (CAFE) and to conduct emissions testing.
X-
Authority for these fees is found in the Independent Offices
Appropriations Act and section 217 of the Clean Air Act as
amended. Total revenues for all fees are expected at $7 million
in FY 1992. The fuel economy portion of the fee would be
deposited in the General Fund of the U.S. Treasury.
NPDES Permits
The Office of Water is proposing to establish fees to
recover EPA's costs of issuing permits to industrial and
municipal discharges to water bodies under the National Pollution
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. The fee would be
applicable to permit applicants only in the 10 non-delegated
states (where EPA conducts the permit program). Authority for
the fee is contained in the Independent Offices Appropriation Ac
and the Clean Water Act as amended.
An Agency Work group is developing the fee proposal and
expects to have a draft rule ready for publication in mid-1991
with a final rule early in FY 1992. Expected revenues are $10
million in FY 1992. Fee receipts will be deposited in the
General Fund of the U.S. Treasury.
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