&ER&
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory
Research Triangle Park NC 27711
Research and Development
EPA-600/S7-81-023 May 1981
Project Summary
Summary of Coal-Based
Synthetic Fuel Initiatives
J. Carvitti
This special report of the Coal Tech-
nology Assessment (CTA) program
was prepared to assist the Office of
Environmental Engineering and Tech-
nology of the Environmental Protection
Agency in the collection and verifica-
tion of information on the status of
demonstration and commercial-scale
plants for the production of coal-
based synthetic fuels through gasifi-
cation and liquefaction. Data on the
scope of this emerging industry, fund-
ing sources, products, and costs were
obtained by reviewing current litera-
ture and contacting the primary ven-
dors or licensors of the processes
found. These data are the same as in
the main report; no modifications
have been attempted.
Of the 88 synthetic fuel projects
identified, 66 represent gasification
processes (29 for the production of
low-Btu gas and 37 for the production
of high-Btu gas), and 22 represent
liquefaction processes. Table 1 shows
the breakdown of these projects by
process and status as of mid-August
1980. Maps in the main report show
their locations throughout the United
States. The total production capacity
of these synthetic fuel initiatives is
shown in Table 2. Further tabulations
in the main report show sponsors,
estimated production costs, scales,
types of coal involved, feed rates of
coal, capital costs, and operation and
maintenance costs.
The report also contains a brief
commentary of each identified project.
It is important to recognize that new
synthetic fuel initiatives are being
proposed on a continuous basis; it is
recommended that summary efforts
such as this one be conducted periodi-
cally.
This Project Summary was developed
by EPA's Industrial Environmental
Research Laboratory, Research Tri-
angle Park, NC, to announce- key
findings of the research project that is
fully documented in a separate report
of the same title (see Project Report
ordering information at back/.
-------
Table 1. Summary of Identified Coal Conversion Projects
Product
Low-Btu
Gas
Med-high
Btu gas
Coal
liquids
Process
WeHman-Gatusha
Wellman Incandescent
Combustion Engineering
Texaco
Allis-Chalmers
Chapman (Willputte)
Foster Wheeler/Stoic
Riley Morgan
Woodall-Duckman
Westinghouse
Tri-gas
Gulf
Unknown
Lurgi
IGT-Hygas
Texaco
Bi-Gas
Synthane
COED-COGAS
BGC
Self -agglomerating ash
Stearns & Rogers
Hydrane
Garrett
Exxon
Fischer-Tropsch
Flash hydropyrolysis
Unknown
Fischer-Tropsch
SRC-II
H-coal
SRC-I
COED
Clean coke
Exxon Donor Solvent
TOSCO II
Clean Fuel From Coal (CFFC)
Direct hydrogeneration
Flash pyrolysis
Texaco & Mobil
Mobil
SASOL III
Unknown
Number Number
Number under in
operating* Idle* construction design
8 1 3
1
1
0 1
1 1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
2
1 2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2 1
1
1
J
1
1
1
1
1
1
Number
in Number
study unknown
1
1
1
1
1
1
10 1
2
2 1
1
4
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
2
Total
13
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
13
5
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
*0n any scale.
"Operational at one time; now inactive or dismantled.
-------
Table 2. Summary of Synfuels Production*
Process
Low
High
Liquefaction
Number
of
values
reported
11
26
13
Total
10s Btu/h
equivalent
292.3
125.000
Total
103bbl
oil/day
equivalent
132
718
Total
106 scf/day
7.5
129,874
Miscellaneous
units
708 MW
135"
100°
* All values are summarized in units as given by the synfuel project contacts. The production values for each column are not
equivalent. Applicable metric conversions follow:
10* Btu = 1.0553 GJ
103 bbl = 759 m
10* scf = 26,300 Nm3
b Fuel produced can be used to produce 135 tons of ammonia per day.
0 Fuel produced can be used to produce 100 tons of gasoline per day.
J. Carvitti is with PEDCo Environmental. Inc.. Cincinnati. OH 45246.
M. K. Bergman is the EPA Project Officer (see below J.
The complete report, entitled "Summary of Coal-Based Synthetic Fuel Initia-
tives," (Order No. PB 81-168 742; Cost: $6.50. subject to change) will be
available only from:
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
Telephone: 703-487-4650
The EPA Project Officer can be contacted at:
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
> U.S. QOVEKNMENT PBlNTIf
L1W1 -757-012/7120
-------
United States Center for Environmental Research pees paj
------- |