United Statea Office of Pecttekta and Toxic Subftances
Environmental Protection Office of Pettidde Program* (TS-766CI --.
Mm «-,«.„. °c 20MO 540/FS-88-085
Pesticide
Fact Sheet
Name of Chemical: SULF
Reason for Issuance: REGISTRATION STANDARD
Date Issued: 5tP ^°
Fact Sheet Number: IBS
DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL
Chemical Name: 0,O,O',O'-tetraethy 1 dithiopyrophosphate (International
Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry)
ANSI Common Name: Not applicable
Other Common Names: Sulfotep (British Standards Institution and Inter-
national Organization for Standardization); tetra-
ethy 1 thiodiphosphate (9th Collective Index); tet-
raethy 1 thiopyrophosphate (8th Collective Index);
thiodiphosphoric acid tetraethy1 ester; sulfotepp
(Entomological Society of America)
Principal Trade Names: Bladafume; Dithio; Dithione; Plantfume
EPA Pesticide Chemical (Shaughnessy) Number: 079501
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 3689-24-5
Year of Initial Registration: 1951
Pesticide Type(s): Insecticide/acaricide
Chemical Family: Organophosphate
U.S. Registrants: Centerchem, Inc.; Fuller Systems, Inc.;
Plant Products Corp.
USE PATTERNS AND FORMULATIONS
Registered uses: Greenhouse ornamentals (non-food crop)
Predominant uses: Azaleas, carnations, chrysanthemums,
geraniums, roses, snapdragons
Pests controlled: Aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, mealybugs,
scales, thrips
Types of Formulations: Ready-to-use liquid; impregnated materials
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Types and Method of Application: Fogging with liquid spray, smoking
with irtpregnated materials
Application Rates: 1.75 fl. oz. 4.5%/5,000 ft 3 (liquid fog);
1.75 oz. 15%/5,000 ft3 (smoke generator)
3. SCIENCE FINDINGS
Chemical Characteristics
Physical state: liquid
Color: pale yellow
Odor: Unknown
Molecular Weight & Formula: 322.3, CsH2cP5P2S2
Boiling Point: 136-139 °C at 2 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 1.7 x 10-4 mn Hg or 22.6 mPa at 20 °C
Specific Gravity: 1.196 d25/4°C, where 25°C refers to temperature at
which density (d) of sulfotepp measured and 4°C
temperature at which density of H2O measured
Solubility in various solvents: 25 mg/1 water at room temperature;
completely miscible with chloro-
methane and most organic solvents
Toxicology Characteristics
Acute Oral: Data gap. An acute oral LDso study in the rat is re-
quired.
Acute Dermal: Data gap. An acute dermal LDso study in the rabbit
is required.
Acute Inhalation: Data gap. An acute inhalation 1x150 study in the
rat is required.
Primary Dermal Irritation: Data gap. A primary dermal study in
the rabbit is required.
Primary Eye Irritation: Data gap. A primary eye study in the
rabbit is required.
Dental Sensitization: Data gap. A study in the guinea pig is
required.
Delayed Neurotoxicity: Data gap. An acute study in the hen is
required.
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Major Routes of Exposure: Not well understood. Inhalation of fumes and
dermal exposure to treated ornamentals.
Subchronic Toxicity: Data gaps. A 21-day dental study in the
rabbit is required. A 90-day inhalation study
is required.
Note: The 90-day feeding studies in rodent and
non-rodent are not required for the registered
use patterns.
Oncogenicity: Not required for the registered use patterns.
Chronic feeding: Not required for the registered use patterns.
Metabolism: Not required for the registered use patterns.
Reproduction: Not required for the registered use patterns.
Teratogenicity: Data gap. A study in either a rodent or non-rodent
is required.
Mutagenicity: Data gaps. The gene mutation (Ames Test) and the
chromosomal aberration studies are required, as is
the test for other mechanisms of mutagenicity.
Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics
Mechanism of Pesticidal Action: Neurotoxin
Metabolism and Persistence in Plants and Animals: Metabolism
not understood; short residual period on plant foliage.
Environmental Characteristics: There are no available environmental
fate studies on sulfotepp. Therefore, groundwater contamination
potential cannot be assessed at this time. Because of toxico-
logical concerns on the acute hazards (see above), an interim
11-hour minimum reentry interval and 2 hours of ventilation are
being imposed for the uses of sulfotepp until adequate data have
been submitted and evaluated. The following list summarizes the
environmental fate data requirements for sulfotepp.
Degradation Studies: Data gaps. Laboratory studies on hydroly-
sis and photodegradation in air are
required.
Metabolism Studies: Data gap. A laboratory study on aerobic
soil metabolism is required.
Mobility Studies: Data gaps. Laboratory studies on adsorption/-
desorption (batch equilibrium study preferred)
and volatility are required. A field volatil-
ity study is reserved until the results of
laboratory studies are known.
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Reentry Protection: Data gap. An inhalation exposure study is
required. The registrant is required to propose acceptable
reentry labeling based upon airborne residue levels meas-
ured after observing the proposed label conditions, on es-
timated human exposure to those residues, and on toxicity
of sulfotepp. Because of the highly acutely toxic nature
of sulfotepp, no actual human inhalation exposure monitoring
data should be gathered.
Ecological Characteristics: No data are available for any terrest-
rial species. The available data indicate that sulfotepp is
"highly toxic" to the rainbow trout and bluegill sunfish. No
data are available on effects on freshwater invertebrates. The
following list summarizes the ecological effects data require-
ments for sulfotepp.
Avian acute toxicity: Data gap. A single-dose U>50 study in
the bobwhite quail is required.
Avian dietary toxicity: Data gap.. A subacute dietary
study in the bobwhite quail is required.
Freshwater fish acute toxicity: Rainbow trout: LCso =1.0 (0.8-
1.3) ppm; bluegill sunfish: LC5Q = 0.36 (0.27-0.46) ppm.
Available fish studies only partially fulfill the require-
ments, but may be upgraded if additional data concerning
the studies are available and are submitted.
Marine fish acute toxicity: Not required for the registered use
patterns .
Freshwater invertebrate toxicity: Data gap. ton. acute LC5Q
study on aquatic invertebrates is required.
Marine invertebrate toxicity: Not required for the registered
use patterns.
4. TOLERANCE ASSESSMENT
There are no approved tolerances for residues of sulfotepp and no
uses on food crops. Therefore, a tolerance assessment is not required.
5. SUMMARY OF REGULATOR? POSITIONS
- Sulfotepp is not a candidate for Special Review at this time.
- Sulfotepp meets the criteria for restricted use classification
because of highly acute inhalation toxicity to humans.
- Groundwater contamination concerns for sulfotepp cannot be as-
sessed until basic environmental fate data requirements are met.
- An interim reentry interval based on standards proposed in Title
40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 170, Subpart F, Special
Standards for Workers in Greenhouses, Section 66, is being imposed
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for the uses of sulfotepp pending submission and evaluation of
data on exposure to airborne residues.
- Protective clothing requirements are being imposed as labeling
amendments for all registered sulfotepp products.
6. LABELING REQUIREMENTS
Statements applicable to all products:
GENERAL WARNINGS AND LIMITATIONS: Sulfotepp is classified as a
RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDE by Title 40, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, Part 162, Section 31, on the basis of its acute inha-
lation hazard to humans.
Statements for Manufacturing-Use Products:
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS:
This pesticide is toxic to fish. Do not discharge effluent
containing this product directly into lakes, streams, ponds,
estuaries, oceans, wetlands or public waters unless this prod-
uct is specifically identified and addressed in a NPDES permit.
Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer sys-
tems without previously notifying the sewage treatment plant
authority. For guidance, contact your State Water Board or
Regional Office of the Environmental Protection Agency.
Statements for End-Use Products:
General Warnings and Limitations;
Worker Protection Statement: WEAR THE FOLLOWING PROTECTIVE
CLOTHING DURING LOADING, APPLICATION, EQUIPMENT REPAIR, EQUIP-
MENT CLEANING, EARLY REENTRY TO TREATED AREAS, AND DISPOSAL
OF THE PESTICIDE. Wear a protective suit of one or two pieces
that covers all parts of the body except the head, hands, and
feet. Wear chemical-resistant gloves and chemical-resistant
shoes, shoe coverings, or boots. Wear goggles and a pesticide
respirator approved by the National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Mine Safety and Health Ad-
ministration (MSHA) at all times during application and early
reentry to treated areas.
Reentry Statement: Reentry after applying is restricted until
one of the following intervals has elapsed:
(1) Two hours of ventilation using fans or other mechanical
ventilation systems.
(2) Four hours of ventilation using vents, windows or other
passive ventilation systems.
(3) Eleven hours with no ventilation, followed by one hour of
mechanical ventilation.
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(4) Eleven hours with no ventilation, followed by two hours
of passive ventilation.
If necessary to reenter the greenhouse for any reason during
the specified intervals after application, protective clothing
described in the Worker Protection Statement must be worn. All
greenhouses must be posted during the exposure period! and until
safe to reenter.
Disposal Statement: Pesticide wastes are acutely ha2;ardous.
Improper disposal of excess pesticide, spray mixture or
rinsate is a violation of Federal Law. If these wastes cannot
be disposed of by use according to label instructions, contact
your State Pesticide or Environmental Control Agency or the
Hazardous Waste representative at the nearest EPA Regional
Office for guidance. In addition, interested parties may call
the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll free (1-800-424-9346) for infor-
mation on Resource Conservation and Recovery Act requirements.
7. SUMMARY OF DATA GAPS
Toxicology All the acute toxicity studies are required, including
the acute delayed neurotoxicity study in the hen. The subchronic
feeding studies in the rodent and nonrodent are not required due
to lack of oral exposure in the registered use patterns. The 21-
day dermal and 90-day inhalation studies are required. The 90-day
neurotoxicity study is reserved depending upon the results from
the acute delayed neurotoxicity study. A teratology study in one
species is required and all the mutagenicity studies are required.
Environmental Fate/Exposure The laboratory degradation studies on
hydrolysis and photodegradation in air are required. The aerobic
soil metabolism study is required. The laboratory mobility stud-
ies on adsorption/desorption (for which the batch equilibrium
study is preferred) and volatility are required. The field vola-
tility study is reserved pending results from the laboratory
studies. The reentry protection study on inhalation exposure is
required, but there is to be no actual monitoring of human inhala-
tion exposure.
Fish and Wildlife An avian single-dose acute oral 11)50 study and a
subacute dietary LCso study using the bobwhite quail are required.
Additional data are required on the freshwater fish toxicity study
already submitted. A study on the acute LCso to aquatic inverte-
brates is required.
Product Chemistry All the applicable data on product identity, an-
alysis and certification of product ingredients, and physical and
chemical properties are required.
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8. CONTACT PERSON AT EPA
William H. Miller
Product Manager 16
Insecticide-Rodenticide Branch
Registration Division (TS-767C)
Office of Pesticide Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
401 M St., SW
Washington, D.C. 20460
Office location and phone number:
Room 211, Crystal Mall #2
1921 Jefferson Davis Highway
Arlington, W
(703) 557-2600
9. DISCLAIMER; The information in this Pesticide Fact Sheet is a summary
only and may not be used to satisfy data requirements for pesticide regis-
tration and reregistration. The complete Registration Standard for the
pesticide may be obtained from the contact person listed above.
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xvEPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pesticide Program (TS-757C)
PMSD, Information Services Branch
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
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