540/FS-89-0
United States Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances
Environmental Protection Office of Pesticide Programs (TS-766CI
Agency Washington, DC 20460
vvEPA Pesticide
Fact Sheet
Name of Chemical: Tetrachiorvinphos
Reason for Issuance: Registration Standard
Date Issued: October U, 1988
Fact Sheet Number: 184
1. DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL
Generic Name: (Z)-2-chloro-l-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) vinyl
dimethyl phosphate
Common Name: Tetrachlorvinphos
Trade and Other Names: Rabon, Stirofos, Gardona, Gardcide
EPA Chemical (Shaughnessy) Codes: 083701
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 22248-79-9 [(Z)-isomer]
22350-76-1 [(E)-isomer]
961-11-5 (mixed isomers)
Year of Initial Registration: 1966
Pesticide Type: Insecticde
Chemical Family: Organophosphate
U.S. and Foreign Producers: E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Co.
Fermenta Animal Health Co.
2. USE PATTERNS AND FORMULATIONS
Application: Control of filth or manure flies associated with
livestock and poultry as a feed additive, in mineral blocks;
indoor on animal premises, direct animal treatment, garbage dumps.
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Types and Methods of Application: Premise treatment by conventional
hydraulic sprayer or low pressure
knapsack; animal treatment by hand
(shaker can, hand duster, grooming
brash, dust mitt), pressurized spray,
flea dollars, ear tags, oral feed add-
itive, dust bags, and oral mineral block
Types of Formulations: Dust, granular, pelleted/tableted, wettable pow-
der, wettable powder/dust, impregnated material,
emulsifiable concentrate, ready-to-use and pres-
surised liquid.
3. SCIETdCE FINDINGS
Summary Science Statement
Technical tei^rachlorvinphos is not very toxic by the inhalation
route of exposure, and does not produce clinical signs of neurotoxicitv,
No data are available to assess the toxicity of tetrachlorvinphos by the
acute oral and dermal routes of exposure and studies are being required
in the Standard. TetjracMorvinphos is not teratogenic in rabbits but the
effects in rats have not yet been assessed. Rat teratology data received
in response to a comprehensive Data Call-In (1984) were not received in
time to be included in the reviews for this standard. Available data
indicate that the potential effects of tetrachlorvinphos on reproduction
are minimal; the only compound-related effect observed in the rat was an
inoease in liver size in'the F3b weanlings in the highest dose tested
(HOT). There are no acceptable mutagenicity studies on tetrachlorvinphos.
Based on a chronic feeding study in dogs, cholinesterase inhibition and reduced
weight gain are the significant toxic effects resulting from chronic ex-
posure to tetrachlorvinphos.
Based on the Agency's Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, the
Agency has classified tetrachlorvinphos as a Group C (possible human)
carcinogen with a cancer potentcy estimate (Q^*) of 3.14 x 10~3
(ing/kg/day)"1.
Available data indicate that tetrachlorvinphos is practically
non-toxic to birds, but is highly toxic to fish and honey bees (contact).
Available data are insufficient to characterize the environmental fate
of tetrachlorvinphos. Preliminary findings indicate that 14C tetrachlor
vinphos degrades with a half-life of <8 days in medium loam soil.
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Chemical Characteristics of the Technical
Physical State: solid
Color: tan to brown
Odor: mild chemical
Molecular Weight and Formula: 366.0;
Boiling Point: N/A solid at room temperature
Vapor Pressure: no data submitted
Density: (buUc density) 50-55 Ib/cu ft
Solubility in various solvents: at 0 C: 40 ppm in chloroform,
40 ppm in dichloromethane ,
20 ppm in acetone,
8 ppm in xylene,
.15 ppm in water at 24 C
Toxicology
Acute Oral: No available studies
Acute Dermal: Nb available studies
Primary Dermal Irritation: Nb available studies
Primary Eve Irritation: Nb available studies
Dermal Sensitization: Nb available studies
Itoite Inhalation: 3.61 mg/L Tox. Category III
Major routes of exposure: dermal and inhalation ~ --------
Delayed neurotoxicity: negative
Subchronic toxicity: normocytic anemia and plasma cholinesterase inhibition
Qncogenicity: Group C carcinogen; (mouse) Sys. NOEL= 240 mg/taj/day
(rat) Sys. NQEL= 6.25 mgAg/day
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Chronic Feeding: (Dog) Sys. NOEL= 3.13 mg/kg/day
Sys. LEL= 50 mg/Tcg/day
Metabolism: (dog and rat) conpletely metabolized in both; primarily excreted
in urine
Teratogenicity: (Rabbits) Maternal NOEL= 375 mg/Xg
Fetotoxic NOEL=150 mg/kg
Teratogenic NQEL= >750 mg/kg
Reproduction: (Rat) NOEL=16.65 mg/kg/day
LEL= 50.0 mg/kg/day
Mutagenicity: Nb acceptable studies
Physiologic?! and Biochemjcgi, f?v*raŁteristics
Mechanism of Pesticidal Action: Cholinesterase inhibition following ingestion
of tetrachlorvinphos
Metabolism and Persistence
in Plants and Animals: Currently, there are no end-use products
registered for use on any plant conmodity. The
nature of the residue in animals is not adequately
understood. However, the available animal
metabolism data indicate that residues of tetra-
chlorvinphos will occur in the tissues of ruminants;
and poultry following ingestion of feeds containing
tetrachlorvinphos .
aracteristics
Available data are insufficient to characterize the environmental fate
of tetrachlorvinphos.
Ecoloical
Avian acute toxicity: Mallard Duck LD50 > 2,000 mg/kg
Avian dietary toxicity: Mallard Duck LD50 > 5 ,000mg/kg
Freshwater fish acute toxicity: Bluegill IŁ5o = 0.53 ppn
Rainbow Trout IŁ50 = 0.43 ppm
Freshwater invertebrate toxicity: No available studies
Marine invertebrate toxicity: Nb available studies
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4. THT. FRANCE
Tolerances have been established for residues of tetrachlorvinphos'
in/on a variety of raw agricultural commodities (40 CFR 180.252). A
feed additive regulation has also been established for
tetracmorvinphos (21 CcR 186.950). Since there are no currently
registered products bearing labeling for use on food crops tolerance
revocation procedures (40CFR 180.7) will be initiated for apples, field
. corn, sweet corn and popcorn, fresh corn forage and fodder, alfalfa,
cherries, cranberries, peaches, pears, and tomatoes. The Agency has
evaluated the residue and toxicology data supporting the tolerances on
animal commodities and has determined that it does not have sufficient
data to support the currently established tolerances residues of
tetrachlorvinphos. Because of the extensive residue chemistry and
toxicology data gaps, no significant new tolerances or new food uses
will be granted until the Agency has received data sufficient to
evaluate the dietary exposure of tetrachlorvinphos.
There are no Canadian or Mexican tolerances and no Codex Maximum
Residue Limits (MRLs) have been established for tetrachlorvinphos residues
in poultry fat and eggs. Therefore, no compatibility questions exist with
respect to the Codex MRLs.
5. SUMMARY OF REGULATORY POSTTICNS
The Agency is not initiating a special review for tetrachlorvinphos at
this time. Although tetracnlorvinphos has been classified as a Group C
oncogen (possible human) , anticipated dietary exposure to humans and the
associated risk is not high (10-6).
The Agency has detemined that based upon currently available data,
tetrachlorvinphos does not meet the risk criteria (40 CFR 152.170) for
restricted use, and thus, products containing tetrachlorvinphos do not
warrant restricted use classification at this time.
The Agency will reevaluate the safety and efficacy data for various
formulations of tetrachlorvinphos to domestic animals (dogs, cats, hoses) in
order to determine if further regulatory action is warranted.
The Agency is requiring protective clothing for workers or other users
who mix, load, and/or apply tetrachlorvinphos.
The Agency is requiring data to show the concentration and degradation
products of tetrachlorvinphos in fresh manure at the time it is used on land
as fertilizer.
The Agency will not grant any tolerances for significant new food uses1
until sufficient data (residue chemistry and toxicology) are submitted for
the Agency to perform a tolerance reassessment for tetrachlorvinphos.
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6. TAREf.Tfty; REQUIREMENTS
All products allowing for outdoor use must bear the fol.lowi.rx-,
environmental hazards statement:
'"Diis is toxic to fish. Do not contaminate water when disposing o.
equipment washwaters."
The following protective clothing statements muse appear ou CUL_
products allowing for use on livestock, agricultural premises, f.**?
additives: For sprays and dusts:
"Wear1 long-sleeved shirt and pants; chemical resistant gloves: s-„
and socks," For ear tags: "Wear gloves when applying tags ,
The following statements must appear on all products allowiro ,.
domestic use:
i' "Wear long-sleeved shirt and pants, shoes and socks.18
All products allowing for use as a feed additive and/or use on :.- .<•
(droppings) must bear the following statement:
"Do not use manure/droppings on land where food crops are to t-e or- -*
during the current growing season."
7. SUMVRRY OF DATA GAPS
DATA
Product Cnemistry- All
Environmental Fate- Hydrolysis
Photodegradatian (in water)
Metabolism Studies
Mobility Studies
Dissipation Studies (soil)
Dissipation Study (excrement)
Toxicology- Acute Oral (rat)
Acute Dermal (rat)
- Eye Irritation (rabbit)
Dermal Irritation (rabbit)
Dermal Sensitization (guinea pig)
Mutagenicity
21-Day Dermal
Cncogenicity (rat)
Teratology (rat)
DUE DATE.. From }Jf>""-
QF
9-15 Months
9-27
9-12 Months
50 Months
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Ecological Effects- Acute Toxicity to 9 Months
Freshwater Invertebrates
Residue Chemistry- Livestock Metabolism
Analytical Methods
Stoxage Stability ' 18-24 Months
Magnitude of residues
in meat, milk, eggs
8. CXMaCT PERSON AT EPA
George T. LaRoccp
Product Manager (15)
Insecticide-Rodenticide Branch
Registration Division (TS-767C)
Office of Pesticide Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S. W.
Washington, D. C. 20460
Office location and telephone number: Room 204; (703) 557-2400
Crystal Mall t2
1921 Jefferson Davis Highway
Arlington, "VA 22202
(703) 557-2600
DISCLAIMER: Tne information in this Pesticide Fact Sheet
is a summary only and is not to be used to satisfy data
requirements for pesticide registration and reregistration.
Ihe complete Registration Standard for the pesticide may be
obtained from the National Technical Information Service.
Contact the Product Manager listed above for further
information.
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vvEPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pesticide Program (TS-757C)
PMSD, Information Services Branch
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
Official Business
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