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REVIEW OF HISTORICAL DATA FOR CHARACTERIZATION
OF QUINCY BAY CONTAMINATION
TASK I REPORT
Prepared by:
METCALF & EDDY, INC.
Dr. Robert J. Reimold, Project Manager
Ms. Sara E. Bysshe, Project Consultant
Mr. Charles B. Cooper, Project Scientist
Prepared under:
Prepared for:
U.S. EPA Contract No. 68-02-4357
Delivery Order No. S
Mr. Stephen J. Silva, P.E., Project Officer
Ms. Katrina Kipp, Project Coordinator
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Water Quality Branch
Environmental Evaluation Section
JFK Federal Building
Boston, Massachusetts 02203
In cooperation with:
U.S. EPA New England Regional Laboratory
U.S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory,
Narragansetts, RI
U.S. EPA Region I Public Health Advisor
METCAST ft F ~r
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. Approach .3
B. Historical Data Summary 6
1. Sediment Characterization Studies .6
2. Sediment Contamination Studies 8
3. Contamination Levels in Biota 25
C. Boston Harbor Perspective 32
D. Summary and Data Gaps 36
Literature Cited 43
APPENDIX A - SEDIMENT DATA
APPENDIX B - BIOLOGICAL DATA
METCAST
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QOINCY BAY STUDY
Overview
Report 99-731 of the 99th Congress, 2nd Session, U.S. House
of Representatives, directed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region I (EPA) to undertake a study to determine the types and
concentrations of pollutants and the extent of sludge in Quincy
Bay. Congress directed that the study include an evaluation of
the potential pathways of public health risk associated with
Quincy Bay sediments. Congress defined the study area as the
area between Nut Island and Moon Island, extending from the
Quincy shoreline to a line between the easternmost points of Long
Island and Peddocks Island. (See Figure 1.)
The following tasks, briefly summarized here, were designed
to accomplish the above objectives:
* Task I - Review of available data for characterization
of Quincy Bay contamination.
• Task II, A & B - Sampling and analysis for evaluation of
sediment contamination.
• Task III - Sampling and analysis for evaluation of fish
and shellfish contamination.
• Task IV - Analysis of fish and shellfish consumption and
assessment of threat to public health.
* Task V - Preparation of Integrated Summary Report.
This report summarizes the results of Task I.
EDDV
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1000
FJGURE 1. QUINCY BAY STUDY AREA USEPA 1987
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TASK 1: REVIEW OF HISTORICAL DATA FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF
QUINCY BAY CONTAMINATION
A. Approach
This report is the first in the series being conducted by
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1, to
investigate the types and concentrations of pollutants in Quincy
Bay. The purpose of this task was to review published and
unpublished reports on studies that could provide data
characterizing Quincy Bay sedimentation and contamination.
Specifically, reports were reviewed for data in the following
areas:
depth of sludge deposits;
types and concentrations of pollutants in Bay sediments;
information on contaminant levels, histopathological
conditions, and other pertinent information regarding
contamination of the fishery resource, focusing on
winter flounder, lobster, and softshell clams.
Historical data on sediments were limited to the Quincy Bay
area as defined by Congressional Report 99-731. Specifically,
the study area was defined in that report to include ... "areas
between Nut Island and Moon Island, extending from the Quincy
shoreline to a line between the easternmost points of Long Island
and Peddocks Island." Historical biological data emphasize
collections from the designated Quincy Bay area, but also include
data from greater Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay.
METCAST a
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Data were gathered from several general sources. These were
the "Boston Harbor Data Management" files located at Metcalf &
Eddy, Inc., recent data collected for Metropolitan District
Commission 301-h "Waiver" applications, and the data requested
from agency and private groups involved in Boston Harbor research
(see Table 1).
TABLE 1. SUMMARY OF AGENCY CONTACTS TO UPDATE
AVAILABLE DATA ON QUINCY BAY
Agency Contacted
U.S. Department of Commerce
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Marine Fisheries Service
Status and Trends
Estuarine Programs
NMFS Organic Pollutant Study, 1984
U.S. EPA, Region 1
U.S. EPA, Region 1 Health Advisor
U.S. Department of Interior, U.S. Geological Survey - Woods
Hole
Massachusetts Department of Environmental Quality Engineering
Division Water Pollution Control, Shellfish
Massachusetts Department of Fisheries, Wildlife t Environmental
Law Enforcement
Division of Marine Fisheries
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of Massachusetts, Boston
New England Aquarium
Conservation Law Foundation
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
The "Boston Harbor Data Management" system is a computerized
data file prepared by Metcalf & Eddy, Inc. for U.S. EPA, Region 1
in 1983. The data file is based on over 200 source documents.
CDC*
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These documents were searched for studies that provided
characterization of Quincy Bay sediments/ characterization of the
Bay fishery resource, and data on sediment and/or fish
contaminant concentrations. Data on pollutant concentrations in
sediments and/or biota from HOC 301(h) waiver applications
(Netcalf c Eddy. 1984a) were reviewed as well.
Data from recently completed or ongoing studies were
collected by contacting Federal, State and local agencies,
academic institutions, and other organizations conducting
research in the Boston Harbor area (Table 1). Review of the
additional studies thus collected focused on sediment quantity
and quality in Quincy Bay, and sites of biotic contamination in
Quincy Bay. Data on contaminant concentrations in fish and
shellfish from outside the Bay were also noted.
Data on organic carbon and trace metal concentrations in
sediments from the ongoing EPA sampling program for this study
(Task II) were also reviewed as part of this Task 1 report. This
review was designed to provide input for selection of areas for
additional organic chemical analyses, as well as comparisons with
the historical data base. Discussions of samples from this
ongoing program include grab samples taken at 23 stations and
four core samples.
The results of this task, the tasks summarizing 1987
sampling and analyses in Quincy Bay, and the public health
implications of Quincy Bay seafood consumption, are all
intergrated in a Task V summary report.
ft EDDY
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B. Historical Data Summary
1. Sediment Characterization Studies
Quincy Bay is a coastal bay that lacks a major freshwater
river/estuary. Therefore/ it has no major riverine input of both
sediments and diluting freshwater. Sedimentation patterns are
predominantly influenced by tides and currents/ and where they
occur, anthropogenic activities such as dredging and wastewater
discharge. Open water connections do exist with greater Boston
Harbor, Hingham and Hull Bays, and western Massachusetts Bay.
Several studies of sedimentation patterns within Quincy Bay
were reviewed. One of the more recent/ completed by EG&G in
January/ 1984, depicts depositional areas of Boston Harbor
(Figure 2). Much of Quincy Bay from Nut Island to Moon Island,
and including a band around Long Island/ is represented in this
study to be an area of high deposition. The rest of the Bay,
except a reportedly nondepositional area around and offshore of
Peddocks Island that includes Nantasket Roads and the shipping
channel, is characterized as experiencing moderate to
intermittent deposition. The Nut Island wastewater discharges,
located in the Nantasket Roads area/ appear to be located where
little or no deposition occurs. (See also Appendix A,
Figure A-4.) The Nut Island sludge outfall/ off the northern end
of Long Island, appears to be in or near an area of deposition.
Studies of silt and carbon distribution in the Bay, dating
back to 1968, are illustrative of deposition patterns that
generally concur with the 1984 EG&G survey. Mencher, Copeland
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•tTc»tr • t oo i
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and Payson, 1968, examined surficial sediments in Boston Harbor
in a survey that included 152 grab samples. The finer grained
sediments in Quincy Bay were found in the northern part of the
Bay, with a pocket off Peddocks Island and Rainsford Islands
(Figure 3). Sediment carbon content of >10 percent coincides
with areas of finer sediments (Figure 4). The authors found
correlations between finely divided organic matter in mud and
predicted areas of high organic matter based on locations of
sewage discharges and circulation of currents in Boston Harbor.
Areas immediately adjacent to coastlines were shown to have
coarser sediments, with organic content uncertain.
The results of sampling for organic carbon by Gilbert,
et al. 1972, White. 1972 and Fitzgerald. 1980 show patterns of
sediment organic content that are consistent with the above-noted
results, although represented by fewer samples (see discussion
below). Specifically, highest levels of organic carbon from each
study were noted in samples from areas off Moon Island, with
relatively elevated levels noted in samples off Peddocks Island,
and several locations in the western half of the Bay. Samples
from other studies have also tended to support this pattern.
Ongoing studies for the MWRA may provide additional information
on sedimentation processes in the Bay.
2. Sediment Contamination Studies
The data analyzed by White (1972) and Gilbert. et al.,
(1972) indicated reasonably good positive correlations between
METCALF ft EDDv
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the levels of some trace metals and the organic carbon content of
sediments. These patterns appear to be a useful focus for
organizing historical and current sediment sampling data for this
study.
In the present task, the bay study area was initially
divided into 24 cells, with the idea that all samples could be
sorted among the cells and contaminant levels in different
sedimentation regimes compared. It became rapidly apparent that
this level of precision was inappropriate for this data base
given the wide range of base map type, the variability in readily
available station coordinate reporting and the potential for
exaggerating inaccuracies. The study area was therefore divided
into six cells, representing areas of somewhat different
sedimentation, and typically one other potentially important
environmental variable such as discharges or beach environment.
These cells were sized as appropriate to serve the purpose of
identifying important patterns in the data (Figure 5). Each area
is described briefly below.
I. Long Island to Rainsford is an area of the Bay
immediately west of but not including the Nut Island
sludge outfall.
II. Rainsford and Peddocks Islands. This is reportedly a
low sedimentation area with pockets of high
sedimentation noted off Peddocks Island and, to a
lesser degree, south of Rainsford. Also, the area is
located east of sewage outfalls.
11
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e
1000 0 1000
=J—-
SCALE IN FEET
III. Long Island
to Moon Island
V. Mid-Bay/
Hangman's Island
FIGURE 5. QU1NCY BAY STUDY AREA
SUBDIVISIONS FOR SUMMARY OF SEDIMENT DATA
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III. Long Island to Moon Island (i.e., Moon Head). This is
consistently reported as an area of high sediment
carbon levels and/or fine sediment deposition.
IV. Nut Island Discharge. This area contains all four Nut
Island sewage treatment discharges, and is reportedly
an area of moderate sedimentation.
V. Mid-Bay/Hangmans Island. This is an area of reported
high deposition, with pockets of high carbon content.
It is also located west of the Nut Island sewage
outfalls.
VI. Nearshore. Shallow areas, adjacent to beaches.
All of the available studies of sediment contamination were
reviewed and stations assigned to one of the six cells described
above (Table 2). The sediment chemistry data have been listed,
under these assigned headings, in Appendix A. Mapped locations
of sampling sites from each of these studies follow the tabulated
summaries in Appendix A. D.S. EPA 1987 grab sample data from the
ongoing Bay study are also listed with other data in appropriate
cells in the tables in Appendix A. The completed Tasks II and
III analyses of organic and inorganic constituents in sediments
and biota are summarized in a separate report (Gardner t
Pruell. 1987).
When all of the historical data are reviewed together even
in a single cell, there are no obvious patterns of concentrations
of contaminants. (The reader is directed to the original
documents for evaluation of different analytical techniques and
13
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information on "Quality Assurance" plans. The latter are more
prominent in more recent studies). One cannot readily judge
whether differences among data are due to their location and
proximity to a pollution source, sampling and analysis
methodology, timing of the study, or a combination of any of
these. However, when each study is examined by itself, one or
two areas of higher contaminant concentration can be noted.
These appear in relatively similar locations in several of the
six cells, and further, correspond to areas of generally higher
sedimentation. Similar patterns were also noted in the EPA data
collected during the summer of 1987. Specifically, these areas
of elevated sediment contamination were noted off Peddock's
Island, Hangman's Island and Long Island Shoreline. Table 3
summarizes values for selected parameters from the data in
Appendix A. The stations near the three locations noted above
are indicated by an asterisk on Table 3. Each area is discussed
in more detail below, referring to the full set of data in
Appendix A. As the discussion below illustrates, patterns of
relative contaminant concentration do not track equally well for
all parameters. But, review of this historical sediment
chemistry database dating from 1972, grouped into these six
designated areas, does show a remarkable degree of consistency
considering the range of sampling techniques and the evolution of
analytical methods over this period.
Long Island to Rainsford (Appendix A, Table A-l): The data
from six of seven stations sampled in six studies from 1972 Table
16
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3 through 1984, show a great deal of similarity. The exception
is the data from one station in the 1983 EGfrG study (in Metcalf
and Eddy. 1984a). The levels of trace metals (eg. copper 650
vg/g, dry weight, zinc 1000 ug/g, lead 500 vg/g, mercury 5.2
vg/g) and volatile organics (12%) are the highest reported for
any Quincy Bay location, including the areas that appear in other
studies to be the most contaminated in the Bay. This sample
appears to have been taken from an area almost adjacent to the
sludge outfall at the northern tip of Long Island (see Appendix
A, Figure A-7J. Such close proximity to the outfall could
explain the high levels of contaminants observed. The other six
sampling stations in this area are located further away from the
discharge. Results observed from analysis of sediments at these
stations generally show moderate to high elevations in levels of
contaminants compared with the rest of Quincy Bay (eg. copper up
to 360 vg/g, zinc up to 200 vg/g, lead up to 200 vg/g, mercury up
to 0.8 vg/g, and volatile organics up to 4%).
The one site sampled from this area in the 1987 EPA program
reflected the results generally observed in the earlier
studies. Data for trace metals from site S-7 are similar to the
mean of values from all the Quincy Bay stations examined (See
Appendix A, Table A-VII).
Rainsford and Peddocks Islands (Appendix A, Table A-II):
Based on the studies evaluated, this area contains both regions
of low sedimentation and areas of deposition and elevated carbon
content. The thirteen stations sampled in seven studies from
19
tDDY
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1972 through 1984, generally reflect this sediment data. Samples
taken in reportedly low depositional areas had organic carbon
levels of less than 5%, and total organic carbon less than
2000 vg/g or 0.2% (GCA Corporation. 1982, Gilbert et al. 1972,
White. 1972). Trace metals were generally in the moderate range
compared with the rest of the Bay area (eg. copper up to 56 vg/g,
zinc 80-100 vg/g). Organics, including chlordane, PCB s, and
toxaphene were detected in this area in the 1982 GCA data for the
"Waiver". (PCBs were found in a range from below detection to
1.1 mg/kg).
In the reported depositional area just north of Peddocks
Island, samples show moderately high elevations for a number of
measured trace metals and elevated organics relative to most
Quincy Bay samples (copper up to 360 vg/g, Zn up to 200 vg/g,
organic carbon, about 8%, TOC 23,000 vg/g or 2.3%). Specific
organics, not widely measured in the bay, were measured in this
area near Peddocks Island in a study for NOAA in 1984 by Battelle
(Boehm et al. 1984). In addition to the high TOC levels,
Battelle, 1984, found 2.5 ng/g or .0025 vg/g DDT, total PAH at
6 vg/g» total PCB's at 100 ng/g (.100 vg/g) and Coprostanol at
6.2 vg/g. This PCB level was within the range recorded in the
1982 "Waiver" study (GCA Corporation. 1982), although it was an
order of magnitude lower than the 1.1 mg/kg (or 1.1 vg/g) upper
end. However, it is higher than all but 2 stations reported in
this Battelle study for Boston Harbor, Massachusetts Bay, and
waters off Cape Cod.
20
a EDDY
-------
The 1987 EPA data also support the historical data base for
this area (Figure A-10). The two stations in reported low
depositional areas (S-13, S-23) have trace metal concentrations
in the lower range compared with the rest of the Quincy Bay
samples. The two stations in reported depositional areas (S-12,
S-22), have much higher levels of trace metals. The station off
Peddocks Island has trace metal levels that are clearly elevated
compared with samples from other parts of the Bay (Appendix A,
Table A-VII). A core sample taken near Peddocks Island (SC-1)
contained organic carbon levels (25,000 vg/g or 2.5%) similar to
those found at S-22. This elevated level decreased below 8
inches in depth however.
Moon Island and Long Island (Appendix A, Table-Ill):
Samples taken from the area near and offshore Moon and Long
Islands most frequently contained the highest levels of organics
and trace metals recorded in the studies reviewed. The one
exception is the already noted 1983 EG&G sediment sample (Metcalf
& Eddy. 1984) from the tip of Long Island (see above). For
example, up to 11% organic carbon levels and up to 9.2% volatile
organics were measured in sediments in several studies (Boehm
et al. 1984, Gilbert et al. 1972, Isaac & Delany. 1972)
The 1984 Battelle study for NOAA (Boehm et al. 1984) found
330 ng/g PCBs in sediments off Moon Island, higher by a factor of
at least three than levels found at any other location in
Massachusetts Bay, Cape Cod, and all but one Boston Harbor
station in their study. In that same study, 11.7 ng/g DDT,
21
METCAST ft ED^v
-------
6.5 vg/g PAH, and 1.2 vg/1 coprostanol were found at the same
location. The latter two values were low compared with some
concentrations found elsewhere in the harbor (e.g. 880 vg/g PAH
and 15.9 vg/1 coprostanol found at a location near Deer Island
flats). The 1984 "Waiver" sampling at a site off Moon Island
found chlordane and DDE at less than 0.2 mg/kg, and toxaphene at
less than 2.5 mg/kg (Metcalf & Eddy. 1984a). These toxaphene
and chlordane levels are almost double those found in samples
taken off Rainsford Island, although the reporting of these data
is such that these differences may be due to changes in
instrument detection limits. Similarly, trace metal levels
tended to be higher at most stations in this area (Cu up to
360 vg/g, Zn up to 480 vg/g, and Eg >1 vg/g at all stations
sampled), when compared with other locations within the same
studies in Quincy Bay (see Appendix A).
The stations sampled for this study in 1987 by EPA reinforce
the impression that levels of contamination are highest in this
area of the bay. Four of the five stations sampled had the
highest levels for many of the trace metals among all
23 locations examined. Stations S-8, located at the edge of the
nearshore area, had more moderate elevations in trace metal
concentrations. (See Table A-VII in Appendix A)
Area Around Nut Island Discharge (Appendix A, Table IV): In
general, the results of samples from this area show levels of
contamination in sediments that are moderate compared to samples
from Quincy Bay as a whole. However, there is variability
22
METCALF • EDBY
-------
evident which could reflect either real differences in sediment
quality (i.e. some stations are very near discharges, while
others are well removed in distance) and/or intrinsic differences
among methods used in the individual studies (sampling and
analysis). Trace metals, with mercury the notable exception, are
reportedly lower in this area than off Moon Bead (e.g. copper up
to 110 vg/g, zinc up to 320 vg/g, mercury 0.4-4.0 vg/g)
(Appendix A, Table A-IV). Organic carbon levels were found in a
range of 0.6% to over 11% in different studies and locations in
this cell (Fitzgerald. 1980, ERCO. 1979). In one study
pesticide levels were similar to those measured off Fainsford
Island (GCA Corporation. 1982). Another study (ERCO. 1979)
showed DDD and DDT apparently at twice the level observed off
Moon Island, with other pesticides at similar levels.
Based on samples from four locations in this area, the 1987
EPA sampling suggests that this area is, with few exceptions, one
of the less contaminated areas of the bay compared with other
areas examined. (Appendix A, Tables A-IV and A-VII). The
notable exception is the core sample, SC-2. Total organic carbon
levels were reportedly 39,000 vg/g (or 3.9%) and remained nearly
this elevated to a depth of nearly 12 inches. This location must
represent an area of deposition. It is adjacent to the Moon
Island area of higher contamination.
Hangman's Island/Mid-Bay (Appendix A, Table V): This area
resembles the Nut Island discharge area in terms of sample
variability. Single parameters in certain studies are found at
23
* EDDv
-------
levels as high or higher than the Moon Bead area (Mencher, et
al. 1968, Gilbert et al. 1972). Contaminant levels taken as a
whole are moderately high compared to all reviewed data for
Quincy Bay. For trace metals, up to 400 vg/g zinc, 270 vg/g
copper, and mercury near or above 2 vg/g were recorded at all but
one location (Gilbert et al. 1972). Most measures of organic
carbon were also relatively high (1-11% organic carbon, 2.5-9%
volatile organics). A larger number of organic pesticides were
noted in sediments sampled in this area than from the Nut Island
discharge area, but concentrations were generally similar
(Metcalf t Eddy. 1984a).
Data from four stations in the 1987 EPA sampling program
indicate that the area is very similar in the range of
contaminant levels to that observed in this ongoing study for the
Nut Island discharge area to the East. The trace metal levels
observed were moderate for the bay as a whole (Appendix A,
Table A-V and Table VII). The two core samples showed elevations
of organic carbon. SC-4, near Hangman's Island, had high organic
carbon levels for at least 12 inches. Organic carbon levels in
SC-3 were somewhat lower and decreased faster with depth.
Nearshore Area (Appendix A, Table VI): This area can be
distinguished from other areas inspite of the small number of
studies represented (three studies [Gilbert et al. 1972, ERCO.
1979, White. 1972], six samples). Results from this area can be
divided into two groups: those from nearshore areas in the
northern corner of the Bay show some organic enrichment and
24
• EDD>
-------
somewhat elevated trace metal levels (Cu up to 110 ug/g, Zn up to
160 ug/g, Hg up to 3.7 vg/g, organic carbon 5%). More generally,
however, samples from stations in the remaining majority of this
cell have the lowest reported trace metal concentrations compared
with other areas of Quincy Bay. There were no pesticide
measurements reported for samples taken from this part of the
Bay.
The 1987 EPA study samples also reflect this description.
The two stations along the northwest shore (S-2, S-3) show
definite elevations in trace metal parameters compared to samples
from the rest of the bay. The other two more southern stations
(S-8, S-9) have the lowest levels of trace metals reported for
this survey (Appendix A, Table A-VI and Table VII).
3. Contamination Levels in Biota
Investigations of contamination of fish and shellfish in
Quincy Bay, reviewed for this study, date back to 1966.
Nonetheless, such data is patchy in its coverage of species,
locations and chemicals. It is not of sufficient extent to
analyze jointly with the previously discussed sedimentation/
sediment studies. With two exceptions, roost studies in the
historical data base were not designed for this purpose.
Further, many of the studies looked at different organisms,
analyzed different tissues, had somewhat different analytical
techniques available, and thus require extreme caution in making
comparisons among studies. The data summarized here can be found
25
METCAST 6 EDCv
-------
in Appendix B, Tables B-l through B-6, with accompanying mapped
locations.
The Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries (Jerome et
al. 1966) examined pesticide residues in clam meats from
3 clamming beds along the western shore of Quincy Bay in 1964
(Table B-l). Levels of DOT and DDE were highest in samples from
winter collections (0.046 ppm DDT, 0.27 ppm DDE, live body
weight). The highest measured Heptachlor and Beptachlor Epoxide
levels were below 0.01 ppm in all samples. A similar study of
soft shell clams completed for Eingham Bay in 1973 (Iwanowitz et
al. 1973, Table B-ll) found DDT at levels up to 1.9 ppm (wet
weight), DDD levels to 0.4 ppm, and DDE levels below 0.02 ppm.
Eeptachlor levels did reach 0.2 in one sample, otherwise levels
were much lower. Results were similar for other chlorinated
pesticides analyzed for Table B-ll, in Appendix B also gives mud
and water levels at a number of stations from which clams were
removed.
A 1979 ERCO study of some priority pollutants in flounder
and lobster for the 1979 Metropolitan District Commission
"Waiver" report, (ERCO. 1979) illustrates the accumulation of
contaminants in liver tissue in excess of concentrations found in
edible tissue of the same organisms (see Appendix B,
Table B-III). In summary, DDT was not detected in winter
flounder at any Boston Harbor stations. PCB levels of 4-36 ug/g
(dry weight) were found in liver tissue from fish caught off Nut
Island. Levels of 5.7-15 pg/g were observed in "controls" taken
26
METCAf • EDDV
-------
off Nantasket Beach. The highest level (50 pg/g) was observed in
fish from Dorchester Bay. PCBs did not exceed 1.55 vg/g in
edible tissues from fish caught in President Roads and off
Nantasket Beach. PCBs in lobster tissue from Dorchester bay did
not exceed 0.16 ppm, and PCBs in samples from lobsters taken off
Nut Island were below 0.1 ppm. All edible tissue analyzed
contained below the FDA action limit of 2 ppm (wet weight) cited
by the authors.
Trace metals were analyzed in liver tissue from flounder
taken from various locations in Boston Earbor in this 1979 ERCO
study (See Table B-3, in Appendix B). Trace metal levels were
generally highest in fish livers taken from Dorchester Bay
(mercury 0.04 ppm, cadmium 0.23 ppm, silver, 0.44, copper 12 ppm,
lead 62 ppm), and these were the "fin eroded flounder". However,
trace metal levels found in fish from the Nut Island area were
higher in "normal" versus "fin-eroded" fish (mercury 0.5 ppm,
silver 0.36 ppm, cadmium 0.07 ppm, copper 0.26 ppm, and lead
0.32 ppm). Only lead was higher from the fin eroded samples from
Nut Island (0.69 ppm). It would be difficult to make a case for
differences in uptake between fin eroded fish and normal fish
based on this study. The edible tissue levels of trace metals,
examined in a few samples, showed levels of trace metals well
below those observed in liver tissue. The highest elevations
observed were from President Roads collections (mercury 0.04 ppm,
copper 2.6 ppm, lead 0.07 ppm), and none exceeded available FDA
action.
27
METCALf • EODV
-------
This ERCO Study (1979) also examined trace metal
concentrations in lobster tissue. The trace metal levels
observed in these lobster samples were similar to concentrations
found in fish liver tissue. Trace metals were similar to
concentrations found in fish liver tissue. Trace metals levels
in samples taken from the Nut Island area were among the lowest
observed (copper, up to 9 ppm, silver 0.38 ppm, cadmium 0.01 ppm,
lead, 0.05 ppm, and mercury 0.9 ppm). Samples from Dorchester
Bay had the highest concentrations for most parameters measured,
but the differences among samples were relatively small. The
results of this study do suggest little difference in fish and
lobster accumulation of PCBs at the study sites. Lobster
accumulation of some trace metals (copper, silver and mercury) in
edible tissue (not defined) appears to have been greater than
that observed for edible portions of fish from approximately the
same locations, but mercury concentrations were not above FDA
action levels.
The Cat Cove Marine Lab of Massachusetts Department of
Marine Fisheries examined trace metal levels in fish and lobster
from a number of Boston Earbor locations in 1983 (Cat Cove
Laboratories. 1987a). Cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper and
lead were not detected in any fish samples (Table B-IV, Appendix
B). Bowever, detection limits were high: 2 ppm, 5 ppm, 2 ppm,
2 ppm and 12 ppm wet weight respectively. A level of 92.8 ppm
copper was found in a lobster from near Peddocks Island in that
same sample zinc was 37 ppm and mercury 0.5 ppm. Mercury levels
28
-------
found in fish from around Boston Earbor did not exceed 0.6 ppm
(found in a Quincy Bay bluefish). Nickel levels were at or below
1.5 ppm, and zinc levels in fish ranged from 7.4 ppm to 29 ppm.
Although only one lobster was examined, the trace metal levels
observed were higher than in fish from the same area.
Cat Cove Marine Labs have recorded PCB levels in fish,
lobster, and soft shell clams from the Quincy Bay area since 1983
(Cat Cove Laboratories. 1987b). The 10 lobster analyzed from the
Peddocks Island area had 4 ppm wet weight PCBs, as did a blue
fish from Quincy Bay (see Table B-4 in Appendix B). Other fish
analyzed had less than 0.5 ppm PCBs. 1984 and 1986 analyses of
flounder found PCBs generally ranging from 0.1-1 ppm (wet
weight). Levels of PCBs in flounder caught of Nut Island were
slightly higher (0.34-1.3 ppm). PCBs in lobster caught off Long
Island were 0.05 to 2.19 ppm, with a high degree of individual
variability. Levels above 2 ppm, wet weight, exceed FDA action
levels. Two soft shell clam samples contained 0.014 ppm PCBs.
Lobster tissue levels of PCBs in these data appear higher on the
whole than levels observed in fish. In more recent publication
of these data (Schwartz. 1987) on PCBs in fish and shellfish
from Quincy Bay and Boston Harbor (Schwartz. 1987), lobster had
the highest average concentration of PCBs (1.17 ppm). These Cat
Cove Marine Lab lobsters were analyzed with hepatopancreas.
Concentrations of PCBs in samples from Quincy and Boston were
similar.
29
eosv
-------
A study conducted by Battelle Labs for the National Marine
Fisheries Service (Boehm et al. 1984) examined sedimentation
patterns, organic contamination in sediments, and sampled fish
and shellfish for concentrations of some of the same organics at
selected sediment sites. As shown in Tables B-5 and B-V.2 in
Appendix B, PCB levels were 0.29 vg/g (wet weight) in crab tissue
sampled from the Peddocks Island area. Fish tissue from samples
from the same area had less than 0.1 vg/g PCBs. The levels for
both crab and flounder from other non-Quincy Bay locations were
similar. Levels from organisms taken from selected Massachusetts
Bay sites and off Cape Cod were lower. The values found in this
study are lower than levels observed in the above cited
Massachusetts DMF studies. The crustacean (crab) contaminant
levels were consistently, if slightly, higher than the winter
flounder data from Boston Harbor samples. A similar pattern was
observed for PCB levels in lobster and flounder (Schwartz.
1987).
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAE) were not detected in
flounder examined from off Peddocks Island (see Table B-5,
Appendix B). Levels of 1-3 ng/g of naphthalene, biphenyl
fluorene and phenanthene were noted elsewhere in the harbor.
Levels of PAHs in fish from the one Massachusetts Bay station
were higher than in fish from the harbor. Total PAHs in crab
were higher (457 ng/g) in individuals taken off Peddocks Island
than other Boston Earbor locations (by about a factor of 4) and
greater still than concentrations in crabs taken in Massachusetts
30
MtTCAtr « EDDY
-------
Bay or off Cape Cod (by factors of 7 to 60). Unfortunately,
biological samples were not taken off Moon Head in Quincy Bay
(Station BH-4), where sediment organic contaminant levels were
the most elevated.
"Cage" experiments with Mytilis edulis (mussels), left for
34 days in 2 locations in Quincy Bay off the Nut Island
discharges were conducted for the 1984 "Waiver" (Metcalf &
Eddy. 1984b). Tissues from these organisms showed 0.24-0.59 ppm
cadmium (wet weight), 0.64-0.7 ppm chromium, 2.9-3.4 ppm copper,
0.3 ppm mercury, and 2.1-2.4 ppm lead among other trace metals
examined (see Appendix B, Table B-6). The metals noted above
represented levels at or near double the levels found in mussels
taken from a control location off Gloucester. PCBs from Quincy
Bay samples were 0.5-0.7 ppm and methylene chloride up to 28 ppm.
In summary, these data do not as a whole present a
consistent picture of biological contamination in Quincy Bay.
This is due primarily to the relatively small number of samples
from any given location and secondarily to differences in
analytical techniques, and in tissues sampled. Data from
individual studies do suggest that individual organisms captured
can have high levels of certain contaminants (PCBs for
example). The edible portions of crab and lobster do appear,
from these data, to exhibit higher levels of organic contaminants
than do the edible tissues from winter flounder, however, such
elevated concentrations may be due to analyses of the edible
tissue including the hepatopancreas. Comparable data for other
31
ft EDDY
-------
species from these locations are too limited to use in drawing
reliable conclusions.
C. A BOSTON HARBOR PERSPECTIVE
One finds limitations when comparing the Quincy Bay data for
biological contamination with data for Boston Harbor or the New
England coastal areas. These limitations are the same as those
encountered when comparing only the Quincy Bay data from
different studies and include: seasonal, spatial and
methodological differences in the studies.
Capuzzo et al. (1986) evaluated the available data on
chemical contamination in fish and shellfish from New England
waters, recognizing the above limitations while assuming that
results represent a basis for only a first order comparative
approximation. Significance was attributed only to values that
differed by factors of 5 or greater for all contaminants. They
found that data for PCB levels, petroleum hydrocarbons and PAHs
from several national surveys, taken together with data from
localized studies, gave the best regional picture of trends in
contaminant levels in fish and shellfish. PCBs were found
consistently elevated (>0.01 ppm wet weight) in mussels (Mytilus)
from coastal waters around Boston southwards to the Chesapeake.
Samples taken from offshore areas had low but detectable levels
of PCBs. New Bedford Harbor was an obvious "hot spot", with PCB
levels 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than other coastal
areas. Data on PCB levels in fish and crustaceans also showed
elevations in samples from harbor areas and low levels in samples
32
-------
from offshore. A number of samples from Boston Harbor,
summarized in this report (Capuzzo et al. 1986) were notable
because PCS levels exceeded 1 ppm live weight. In fact, several
samples of bluefish and lobster collected by Massachusetts DMF in
Quincy Bay (See Appendix B), and flounder collected in Boston
Harbor 1979 by Tetra Tech (Capuzzo et al. 1986) had PCB levels
in excess of 2 ppm. This latter level represents the FDA action
level for PCBs contamination in seafood. High PCB levels, in
excess of 2 ppm, have been observed in a range of organisms from
New Bedford, and in bluefish sampled from a number of areas along
the east coast. (Capuzzo et al. 1986).
The data reviewed by Capuzzo et al. (1986) indicated that
PAHs and petroleum hydrocarbons from nearshore organisms were
higher than from organisms taken offshore. PAH levels in mussels
were generally higher than levels observed in fish muscle
tissue. Data from Boston Harbor showed higher concentrations
than did the data from other New England Locations.
The "Mussel Watch" program (Farrington et al. 1982), is one
national survey which contributed data to the review by Capuzzo
et al. That program included one Boston Harbor station. Mussels
were sampled from a rocky beach in the northwest corner of Deer
Island from 1976-1978, as well as from three other Massachusetts
locations (Cape Ann, Plymouth and Cape Cod Canal). The Deer
Island station showed the effects of contaminants on elevated
body burdens in Mytilus compared with mussels from the other
Massachusetts coastal locations. Petroleum aeromatic
33
ST a EDT-r
-------
hydrocarbons were as much as an order of magnitude higher in the
Deer Island samples at 3.6 vg/g day weight. PCBs were 3 to
6 times higher in the Boston Harbor organisms (>0.6 vg/g dry
weight) compared with the other Massachusetts locations. These
levels are quite similar to PCB levels in caged mussels off the
Nut Island outfall (see Appendix B, Table B-VII). Summer 1987 in
situ bioaccumulation studies with Mytilus by MWRA include a
Quincy Bay station. Beavy metal concentrations in mussels were
also examined in the "mussel watch" study (Farrington et al.
1983). Samples from Boston Harbor and several other northeastern
locations had noteworthy elevations in cadmium (>72 vg/g dry
weight) and lead (>10 vg/g dry weight) compared with samples from
other eastern coastal locations. These levels are higher than
those observed in caged mussels off Nut Island by less than a
factor of 5 (see Appendix B, Table B-VIII).
Boehm et al. (1984), documented that PCBs were elevated in
Boston Harbor sediments, and especially Quincy Bay, compared with
most studied areas of Massachusetts Bay (excluding the "foul
area") and areas off Cape Cod. Moon Island off shore in Quincy
Bay had the highest levels of sediment PCBs at 1200 vg/g.
Sediment PAH concentrations in Boston Harbor were patchy (2.4 -
800 vg/g). The biological analyses found the highest levels of
PCBs in crabs taken in Boston Harbor (>0.2 vg/g wet weight).
However, none of the samples had PCB levels in excess of 1 vg/g,
unlike the higher levels observed in some earlier surveys. Boehm
et al. (1984) did not collect biological samples off Moon Head
34
METCAtr ft EDOv
-------
in Quincy Bay where sediment levels were highest. The PAH levels
in crab were as much as two orders of magnitude higher than
levels in flounder, and were higher in crab samples from Boston
Harbor.
The National Status and Trends Program (NOAA. 1984a) also
provides some limited perspective on Boston Harbor data relative
to the east coast. Again, only one location has been studied in
Boston Harbor (off Deer Island) and can only be considered
representative of conditions at that location. Data from 1984
sediment sampling show that at that location Boston Harbor is one
of 4 locations/ out of 16 Northeast sites, where the highest
average concentration of trace metals generally occurred. These
levels at the Boston location included silver >6 vg/g, cadmium
>200 vg/g and lead >120 vg/g (dry weight). There are a number of
locations in Quincy Bay where samples collected in other studies
have levels of one or more trace metals as high as these levels
from Deer Island.
The first year of sampling in the status and trends program
(NOAA. 1984b) also noted very high levels of petroleum aeromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediment at Deer Island flats (>26 vg/g
dry weight) and total DDTs (>200 ppb, mostly DDE and DDD). These
levels are higher than any observed in the data reviewed for
Quincy Bay. The Deer Island site had the highest PCB levels
observed in sediments (>17,000 ppb) (by a factor of 35 to
100 times greater) compared with other east coast harbor areas
sampled. This level exceeds any observed in the data reviewed
for Quincy Bay.
35
METCAtr 8 EDOV
-------
The Status and Trends Program (NOAA. 19845) also examined
winter flounder liver tissue burdens of the contaminants sampled
in sediments. . Boston Harbor flounder liver samples had PCB
levels (ranging from 10 ppb to 487 ppb) three to more than ten
times greater than other east coast sites examined in this
study. DDT residues were also highest in liver from Boston
Harbor flounder (827 ppb). There are no comparable Quincy Bay
data available for comparison. Flounder liver concentrations of
trace metals and PAHs are available for 1984 for this one
sampling location (See Appendix B, NOAA. 1984a) but comparisons
with other areas were not available in the referenced project
report. Only the flounder liver trace metal data are comparable
to a study from Boston Harbor. The data from the Status and
Trends site off Deer Island and from the ERCO study (Appendix B-
III) are roughly comparable for all similar parameters. This
type of difference was cited by Capuzzo et al. (1986) as not
necessarily significant of the differences among studies they
reviewed. Levels of proliferative disorders (bilary hyperplasia,
neoplasia) in fish taken from this Boston Harbor location ranged
from 10-13% (Appendix B, Table B-VII).
D. SUMMARY AND DATA GAPS
In summary, the available historical data base for sediments
in Quincy Bay illustrates that much of the western portions of
the Bay as well as the perimeters of islands are depositional
36
-------
areas. Several studies also indicate high carbon content in
sediments found in the areas of heaviest deposition.
While past studies of sediment chemical contamination were
not necessarily designed to illustrate relationships with the
sediment deposition pattern of the Bay, it is not surprising that
the historical data base provides some support for suggesting
that depositional areas in Quincy Bay contain higher levels of
contamination. The areas off Moon Bead and Long Island
(Figure 6) and in the Mid-Bay contain sediments that generally
have the highest levels of reported contamination (except the
sample taken adjacent to the sludge outfall). Areas of
deposition around other Bay islands (Peddocks, Rainsford) show
sediment contamination as well. Much of the western shoreline
(except the northern corner) contains the lowest levels of
contamination of Quincy Bay sediments. While some studies
suggest that this shore area is also one of high sedimentation,
it is also the farthest removed from the various wastewater
related discharges.
The historical data on contaminant residues in fish provide
a basis for comparing the results with ongoing residue sampling
and analyses in this study. At this point the historical data do
not provide a consistently coherent picture of the level of
fisheries contamination in the Bay. The degree of variability in
analytical results across studies is doubtless due in part to the
very small sample size, lack of replicate sampling at various
37
-------
I. Long Island
to Rainsford
II. Rainsford
and Peddocks
EDDOCKS
ISLAND ///
••::.\ //
III. Long Island
to Moon Island
IV. Nut Island
Discharge
V. Mid-Bay/
Hangman's Island
VI. Nearshore Z-T^TLr:
D
KEY
Areas of generally higher relative
concentration of contaminants
Areas of variable or uncertain
concentration of contaminants
IT^-_J Areas of generally lower relative
fu£3 concentration of contaminant:
FIGURE 6. GENERALIZED PATTERNS OF SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION
DATA FOR QUINCY BAY
-------
locations, and varying analytical techniques. The historical
data appear to be insufficient to-provide any clear indication of
the extent of the effects of contamination in Quincy Bay on the
fishery. For example, data on biological contaminant levels are
not available from the contaminated sediment area off Moon
Island. There is a paucity of data available on biological
contamination of organisms from the area corresponding to the
Mid-Bay/Hangman's Island region. These areas contain the higher
levels of sediment contamination, but corresponding biological
sampling results are not available in the historical data base.
The data that are available from organisms collected off Peddocks
Island when compared with collections made in Massachusetts Bay,
off Cape Cod, and off Gloucester, do suggest that there is
correspondence between areas with higher sediment contaminant
levels and contaminant levels in biota, especially crustacean
shellfish.
Some of the studies do raise questions concerning
contamination in Bay sediments. The study by Boehm, Steinhauer
and Brown (Boehm et al. 1984) evaluated coprostanol, considered
a sewage tracer, and its relationship with PCB levels. According
to this report, coprostanol/PCB ratios have been used to relate
the presence of PCBs with sewage related material, with values
ranging from 0 (no sewage), to 100-200 (very high
relationship). The coprostanol/PCB ratio for the area off Moon
Island was 4. This would seem to indicate a low correspondence
between sewage related material and the noted high PCB level (and
39
METCALF ft EDCY
-------
also a high level of total organic carbon). The coprostanol/PCB
ratio for sediments in the area sampled off Peddocks Island was
23, and accordingly, a higher degree of correspondence between
PCBs and sewage material was suggested.
The results of this study (Boehm et al. 1984) raise the
question of how these two areas of Quincy Bay differ. There are
sewage related discharges in 3 separate locations that could
directly influence Quincy Bay. The Nut Island wastewater
treatment plant has 4 discharges located in waters to the north
of Nut Island. Sewage sludge from Nut Island, however, is
discharged off the northern end of Long Island, in the vicinity
of President Roads. The Moon Island relief outlet discharges off
the end of Moon Island. It is reportedly operated 40-60 times a
year when hydraulic relief is required for the interceptor
systems for the Deer Island Wastewater Treatment Plant (COM
Inc. 1985).
Drougue tracking studies by Camp Dresser and McKee Inc. in
1984, designed to examine movement of effluent plumes from the
Nut Island and Moon Island discharges, indicate that while
surface water flows may carry most of the effluent away from the
western shores of Quincy Bay, portions of the northern and
southern edges of the study area are within the surface path of
effluent transport (Figure 7). The results also indicate that a
potentially significant amount of the wastewater from Moon Island
is carried between Moon and Long Islands and along Long Island.
40
METCAuF S EDOV
-------
MOST EFTLUENT
IS CARRIED AWAY
FROM OUINCY BAY
MOUNT
f —
10-1
EXISTING CONDITIONS
FUTURE CONDITIONS
(SEE TEXT)
ESTIMATED NUMBER Of DAYS PER YEAR
THAT EFFLUENT COULD BE TRANSPORTED
INTO OUINCY BAY
Source: COM. (1965)
FIGURE 7. ESTIMATED EFFLUENT PLUME TRANSPORT PATHWAYS
-------
A small proportion is reportedly carried along the Moon
Island/Squantum shore. Similarly, a potentially significant
proportion of the Nut Island discharge reportedly travels across
both the Mid-Bay area and past Peddocks Island. It is reasonable
to hypothesize that some of the material originating in these
discharges, at least initially, settles out in the depositional
areas in their path in Quincy Bay.
Several questions remain, however. Differences in water
quality from the Nut Island effluent and Moon Island relief may
explain the differences in the relationships among organic
contaminants described by Boehm et al. (1984). Other possible
sources of contamination requires documentation. Further
examination of water/sediment exchange between Quincy Bay and
adjacent water bodies is also required to better identify other
possible sources of contaminated sediments in the Bay's
depositional areas.
42
-------
LITERATURE CITED
Boehm, Paul D., Wm. Steinhauer, John Brown. 1984. Organic
Pollutant Biogeochemistry Studies in the Northeast U.S.
Marine Environment, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NA-83-7A-C-00022).
Camp Dresser & McKee, Inc. 1985. Drogue Tracking Studies in
Quincy Say. Prepared for Ma. Department of Environmental
Quality Engineering Water Pollution Control.
Capuzzo, Judith McDowell, Anne McElroy, and Godon Wallace.
1986. "risen and Shellfish Contamination in New England
Waters: An Evaluation of Available Data on the Distribution
of Chemical Contaminants", Technical Report to the Coastal
Alliance.
Cat Cove Laboratory. 1987a. Mass. Division of Marine Fisheries,
"Heavy Metals in Boston Harbor", Unpublished data
(1976-1983).
Cat Cove Laboratory. 1987b. Mass. Division of Marine Fisheries,
"PCB Data", Unpublished data (1983-1986).
EG & G Sediment Sampling Data. 1983. Reported in Metcalf &
Eddy, Inc., "Application for a Waiver of Secondary Treatment
for Nut Island and Deer Island Treatment Plants", for MDC,
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 1984.
EG & G, WASC Oceanographic Services. 1984. Oceanographic Study
Various Outfall Siting Options for Deer Island Treatment
Plant, for Havens & Emerson/Parsons Brinkerhoff.
ERCO. 1979. "Application for Modification of Secondary
Treatment Requirements for its Deer Island and Nut Island
Treatment Plants", MDC, Commonwealth of Mass.
Farrington, John W., Robert Risenbrough, Patrick L. Parker, Alan
C. Davis, Brock de Lappe, J. Kenneth Winters, Dan Boatwright,
Nelson M. Frew. 1982. "Hydrocarbons, Polychlorinated
Biphenyls, and DDE in Mussels and Oysters from the U.S. Coast
- 1976-1978 - Mussels Watch", Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst.
Tech. Rept. WHOI-82-42.
Farrington, John W., Edward D. Goldberg, Robert W. Risenbrough,
John H. Martin, and Vaughan T. Bowen. 1983. "U.S. Mussell
Watch 1976-1978: An Overview of the Trace-Metal, DDE, PCB,
Hydrocarbon, and Artificial Radionuclide Data", Environmental
Science and Technology.
43
-------
Fitzgerald, Michael G. 1980. Anthropogenic Influence of the
Sediment Regime of an Urban Estuary - Boston Harbor, Doctoral
Dissertation, WH01-80-38.
CGA Corporation, Technology Division. 1982. "Analysis of
Sediment Samples for Priority Pollutants and General
Parameters" for Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., in "Application for
Waiver of Secondary Treatment for Nut Island and Deer Island
Treatment Plants", 1982.
Gilbert, Thomas, G.C. McLeod, R. Maehl, K.U. Ladd, A. Clay, A.
Barker. 1972. Trace /fetal Analysis of Boston Harbor Water
and Sediments, New England Aquarium, Contract 70-26. DWPC,
Commonwealth of MA.
Isaac, Russell A., John Delany. 1972. Toxic Element Survey
Progress Report No. 1, Mass Water Resources Commission, DWPC,
Public Rept. No. 6108.
Iwanowicz, Russell Robert D., Anderson, and Barry Ketschke.
1973. A Study of the Marine Resources of Hingham Bay, DM7,
DNR.
Jerome, William C., Jr., Arthur Chesmore, and Charles 0.
Anderson, Jr. 1966. A Study of the Marine Resources of
Quincy Bay, Div. of Marine Fisheries, DNR, Commonwealth of
Ma.
Mencher, Ely, R.A. Copeland, and H. Payson, Jr. 1968.
"Surficial Sediments of Boston Harbor Mass., J. Sedimentary
Petrology 38(1) 76-86.
Metcalf & Eddy, Inc. 1984a. Sediment Sampling Data reported
"Application for a Waiver of Secondary Treatment for Nut
Island and Deer Island Treatment Plants", for MDC, Comm of
MA.
Metcalf & Eddy, Inc. 1984b. Summer Data Supplement: Appendix
7. for "Application for a Waiver of Secondary Treatment for
Nut Island and Deer Island Treatment Plants". MDC, Conun of
Ma.
NOAA. 1987a. "National Status and Trends Program for Marine
Environmental Quality", Boston Harbor Station, 1984
Unpublished Data.
NOAA. 1987b. "National Status and Trends Program for Marine
Environmental Quality: Progress Report and Preliminary
Assessment of Findings of the Benthic Surveillance Project -
1984", NOAA, Office of Oceanographic and Marine Assessment.
-------
Schwartz, Jack P. 1987. "PCB Concentrations in Marine Fish and
Shellfish From Boston and Salem Harbors, and Coastal
Massachusetts", Progress Report *14,997-36-110~8-87-CR, Ma,
Div. Marine Fisheries, Cat Cove Marine Laboratory.
White, R.J., Jr. 1972. The Distribution and Concentration of
Selected Metals in Boston Harbor Sediments, Masters Thesis,
Northeastern Univ.
45
METCAST a EDD>
-------
APPENDIX A
SEDIMENT DATA
-------
Conversions for Units Used
in Tables
ug/kg -ng/g «ppb
ttg/kg «ug/g »ppm
• lOVY
-------
«
i
|
&
t/» >— «
tn
S: z
S! £
ass
"* 0 S
i - t
a £ g
« X
£
w —
i sS
= £ * i
O •— LU J
ku K t->
" 2 £
° is
i
t_j ^
„
- iM
» ca
& SB
i_)
j, § I
£ £ &
~ 5 S ^
~
x
£
I £
z, -
« =•
u.
s
u
5
«•
•- — o m
- «. _, ^
-
s ssgs-;^^ s K t ssss
S^SwOtnU^M^S O OB — — 5 S 3
cvi r*t — »» _ _ fo^*«-
cow in «• ^. -OOOD — t-. — -IT) f--l GO — OOf~-O-r^
c,rvj«(-w_»»f^o r- PO oa » cr- » otJ
*^S^» S^M " ^ ^ 10 - -»
^O?H^?^SSPjt--l^l £) S — ?> S ^" tO
_^_~— r*^ _- rj--
isssssssessss^ssssss
sssss*s^ssss«ss^ssss
s s ft j. 5. ;. 5 5 = 5 s 2 s g 1 1 1 1 g s
££ililS
S S, S S £ S *
IT) rj — , — _ r- f-
C"< »-> »
-------
i
°
I
1
„«
.
-- -- ^
to in f
" sf
S 5 i
si
0
1
gg
** uj 5:
~ i M
11
i ji
S E I S
^
m
£
^ £
„ -
i
«
•I
^tr*
=
^ zi ea il "
- 5 S K S S * 5 S a I ^S 2 s
M^^,f^r^.^»<:>rje,w,c.ll-)^,I^Oi€>-o —
---..
-. n S E S .. .
K X
_ _ s
. a
2 isi= E§
rl S S S E K K
o e o o e o =;
i E £ 1 i is
o o o o e> «> .=>
s ssli =s
S R R ?S
SSS£-22li.
-iS^-iS-W^S--i:^^
—
0 0- =- — 0 t- .0
ta (B co cc ui
£...Ssi
. .. ri ^ ..
-------
i
i
s
!
i
|
=
=
(ft
ail
« S
1 1
s
5
_ |g
i si
= s * i
u ^ ^ ^
" S g
° *£
^ 1
- :5
I i
s =*
§2
i S
f _"S
to £u •— «
c
.
fSi
f
- *
? !
3
"
3
£
£
5-
= «
« = tt LAJ
5 S i
C T "
s 2 53
cG S^ w
s s: s
z s 2
— INI —
111
5 S S
S S ?
I
T S ^
CT> tn
s s s
= 22
S R S
RSS
^ T S
o- w in
— <=>«->
^1
2S =
SK»
•>•>•;
S S S
X X
§ § §
i I i 1
kk-K
*r
f.
S K S S
iiii
K
X ff 2 £
**;*
s s s s
= !*-S
s
2 = s: R
i 5 1 1
, f, , f, , z , f, , f,
sd£d scsd £r.:
*««( in o- o 40 w
— (^j •-) w r-1 O3
II 11 II
S 0
i^Q^ei^ ca^
X -o
» » * *
* » * » ^ •
^ •«, ^_. ^ £ ?
. .
K S K ^^
^ III
— mi mi m> m> m-
. fZ. tt o- r~. r*~i
mi mi mi m> m>
- ir> .
S S S Si S S
1= IS II
" 3s I "
* •> S m
mi mi — o -o in
~ * s • "I
S S 2 = S -
a a s s ~ 2
IE «= ^ ;
R R S S ""^ "".
~ ?; *^ ** S "^
0 03 0 — 00 »-
CD 03 OD O3 CD iZ
f 5 11 If
-------
UJ C3 O
g d 5
85
_ *i
1 s *
II
o
i is
s s
sfssggssgs;
tc=ssgssgs:
S S S S S S
R 11 «: -: s •
"' •
i§
s; s r a s £ £
S SIS S . s R
as aa»R s
S S: I = = S C
S S . S S = S
JV -C — •>
— —
S i
S S S S - -
-------
E :
s a i
g
uj L
J IE
S £
a a*
*
s
g g
ig
S S :
: I s I s i
; s £ K; s !
. v o tn tn » '
: 11111 s s
«<««'«>«i**»
r— — &o-D~^f^1-o_^-«
r^^Jho&-u-lW^f^»..Or-l
S ~ * "
1 K K 5
•2*5
zsss
i tn tn tn CJ i
«««««=««=«« 923332333333
22222g22Sg; SS5SS555S555
? i -=
1 12 *•*
i £ ? •£ ~
1 *
flil
-------
TABLE A-J
LONG ISLAND/RAINSFORD AREA
NEA, Gilbert, et el, 1972 (See Figure A-1)
station 01-3, ppm
£fi£flM£ry fig
0
10
0
200
44
M9
O.I
360
26
forg
3.01
112
16
10
13
7.9
1.4
40
20
167
21
46
14
0.5
2.1
Isaac end Deleny, 1972 (he. DWPC) (See Figure A-2)
Sample 9
mg/kg (dry WT) for materiel passing through e *30 seive
Depth 0-2* 2'-6"
list
Hg 0.60 0.20
Cd 1.0 0.9
Pb 55.0 22.0
Zn 97.0 67.0
Ni 23.0 35.0
Cu 44.0 29.0
Cr 69.0 26.0
As 2.4 1.4
XVol.
Solids 4.0 3.6
White. 1972 ( See Figure A-3)
STATION 93. ppm_
XVQ1 £d £r_ Cu
25 3.7 1.2 129 55
0.10
0.9
16.0
66.0
41.0
34.0
42.0
1.2
3.6
Hg Ni Pb in
0.9 20 93 92
1979 Waiver Study Sediment samples (See Figure A-4)
New England Aquarium
Station 19 7.2* organic certon
-------
Fitzgerald, I960 ( Sec Figure A-5)
Stotion 6-9 2.3*orgemc Corbon
h&E 1982 Waiver Study Sediment Samples (Figure A-5)
No stations In this eree
Mil 19B3 EC&G Sediment Sample (See Figure A-6)
Station 16, pg/g (dry Wt)
12 650 470 500 1000 — II 5.2
Station 16, counts/gm ww(sedimenl)
fecal coliform spores of perfhngens
closthdium
coliform
770 160 65,000
M&E 1984 Waiver Study Sediment Samples (See Figure A-8)
Station 10, jig/g (drywt)
II TOC Sb As Be pd pr Cii B> M
1.25 6700 <2 <3 463 0.1 25.1 7.3 <11 11.4
Ss. As B 2n fig
<0.5<0.l <4 44.1 <0.12
(mg/kg)
Chlordane ND-<0.25
Toxephene ND-<2.5
EPA Sediment Data — Ouincy Bay Study, 1987 (see Figure A-10)
Station S-7, jjg/g, dry weight
2 66^4 57XJ 87j67 0.56 48.6512.92 145. 78 10777 11.700
-------
TABLE A-ll
RAINSFORD AND PEDDOCKS
NEA, Gilbert, el el, 1972 ( see Figure A-1)
stations 01-4, 01-1, ppm
miz EH Et EC Cfl M CE y fig
01-4
Ocm 107 46 67 6 2.1 IB 10B 37 1.9
10 51 9 11 6 1.0 21 28 26 4.6
0_M
0 200 360 112 10 7.9 40 167 4B 05
10 44 26 16 13 1.4 20 21 14 2.1
Hg Xorg
01-4
.0 0.4 3.90
10 0.03 1.76
P_M
0 2.3 7.92
10 0.1 3.01
Isaac end Deleny, 1972 (Me. DWPC) (See Figure A-2)
No stations et this location
White, 1972 ( See Figure A-3)
stetions 94, 102, 103, 107, ppm....
SiS EVol £U £r _ £y_ Hg Ni Pb
«h*b*
94
102
103
"- in
3.6
94
3.6
m m
1.6
1.6
0.5
173
208
69
75
94
34
1.4
1.0
0.2
21
29
17
113
137
57
134
162
74
107 2.3 0.4 40 25 0.7 10.6 47 125
•CTCAI.' » CODY
-------
tt&E 1979 Woiver Study Sediment samples (See Figure A-4))
New England Aquorium
Ste £r £y Zn £b_ Ag C(t Hg %K PCB DDT
mg/g pg/g ng/g
22 6.054 0.034 0.10? 0.070 3.6 1.0 4.7 5.6 129 6
26 6.0
28 0.04P 0.03B 009B 0.056 3.6 1.3 1.3 6.6
Fitzgerald, I960 (See Figure A-5)
Station G-21 0.9X organic corbon
G-19 2.9f organic cerbon
G-B 3.0f organic cerbon
M&E 1982 Waiver Study Sediment Samples ( See Figure A-6)
Sample NO. pg/g (dry Wt?)
<2 6 7.4 0.2 35.7 21 <2 149 824 0.92 <2
££ B I I Ifl£
vfil <7Ju
<0.1 <3.4 4.25 1.3 1937
Hethylene Chloride... trace -600 pg/kg
(mg/kg)
Ch1ordene.«<0.16
PCBJ254....ND-1.I
PCB1260..ND-1.1
Toxaphene...<1.6
M&E 1983 EG&G Sediment Sample ( see Figure A-7)
No stations in this area
E 19B4 Waiver Study Sediment Semples (See Figure A-8)
No stations in this area
-------
Boehm, el el., NOAA/NMFS 1964- orgonics in sediments (See Figure A-9)
PH-5
fAH. totel concentretion(jig/g) 6.0_*1.3
PCB. total concentret»on(ng/g). 100_423.7
CoprostanoKpg/g) — 6.2.* 1.5
TOC(mg/g) _ „_ 23.5.*47
DDT(ng/g) 2.5
EPA Sediment Date — Quincy Bay Study, 19B7 (See Figure A- 10)
Station S-12,S- 13,5-22, S-23, pg/g, dry weight
£r£yZD£dEb!
-------
TABLE A-m
MOON ISLAND/LONG ISLAND
NEA, Gilbert, et el, 1972 (See Figure A-1)
Station 01 -2 QB-I, ppm
£fi ££ fli £r
Pfill
Ocm
10
OI-2
0
10
flfci
.0
10
01-2
0
10
455
57
166
*9
3.9
0.1
2.0
363 256 37
25 50 7
39 62 —
lorg
11.66
5.71
7.17
11.2 57 422 46 4.9
2.9 31 30 6 7.3
— 25 31 31 10.2
Isaac end Deleny, 1972 (Me. DWPC) (see Figure A-2)
Sample 2
mg/kg (dry VTT) for materiel passing through e *30 seive
3'-7" 7'-10' 10'-12'
liil
Hg
Cd
Pt>
2n
Ni
Cu
Cr
As
XVol.
Solids
2.32
2.6
160
190
26
120
170
6
9.2
2.69
24
190
160
27
100
120
5
9.2
3.60
1.4
220
210
26
100
90
4
6.3
1.90
0.4
77
76
14
49
54
2.6
5.6
MCTCALf • (DDT
-------
.White, 1972 (See figure A-3)
stations 90,91,92, ppm...
Evol & £r £u. Hg Hi Pb £n
90 7.0 2.9 124 122 3.0 30.6 314 354
91 9.7 2.0 272 146 24 26 164 156
92 7.7 0.6 272 113 1.8 32 160 154
tt&E 1979 Weiver Study Sediment samples (see figure A-4)
New England Aquorium
Ste Cr £y In £$ Ag Cff Hg foe PCB DDT
mg/g jig/g ng/g
21 O.J02 0.192 0.242 0.234 14.3 3.0 9.4 8.3
Fitzgerald, I960 (see figure A-5)
Station G-15 3.7* organic carbon
h&E 1982 Weiver Study Sediment Samples (figure A-6)
No stations this location
(1963 EG&G Sediment Sample (See Figure A-7)
Station 18 jig/g (dry Wt?)
7 210 250 260 270 — 0.04 2.9
Station 16, counls/gm ww(sediment)
fecal col i form scores of oerfringens
clostndium
coliform
30 10 23,000
• totrr
-------
h&E 1984 Woiver Study Sediment Samples (See Figure A-B)
Stetion 16, jig/g
2 2 TDC £t>-As££C0£r£uCfef[i
vol <74u
2.5 90.5 6,900 <3 2.2 6.94 1.1 20.3 126 142 24.6
£s A9 Ifc 2n tig
-------
TABLE A-IV
NUT ISLAND DISCHARGE AREA
NEA, Gilbert, et el, 1972 (See Figure A-l)
Stations QB-5, HB-1, ppm
£o £p; fii £r V fig
Ocm 108 35 56 16 2.9 22 57 50 7.3
10
HB-1
0 61 33 59 9 2.2 16 66 45 3.9
10
Mg lerg
.0 O.B 4.47
10
0 1.0 4.53
10
Isaac and Deleny, 1972 (Me DWPC) (See Figure A-2)
No stations in this erea
White, 1972 (See Figure A-3)
stations 105, 106, ppm ___
XvoT £g £r __ £y_ _ Hg Ni Pb 2n
105 6.3 1.1 119 79.2 1.3 26.6 102 269
— 1.2 138 65 1.6 27.5 110 293
h&E 1979 Waiver Study Sediment samples (See figure A-4))
New England Aquarium
Sta. £r £y 2n £fe Ag Cti Hg foe PCB DDT
mg/g jig/g ng/g
25 006B 0046 0065 0065 3.1 1.3 1.7 6.6 72 1
30 0.06) 0.061 0.143 0.074 6.6 2.5 6.0 11.7
-------
Filzgereld, 1980 (SEe Figure A-5)
Stetion G-I0...3.3* organic eorfeon
6-17 0.6 f organic carton
( h&E 1982 Weiver Study Sediment Samples ( See Figure A-6)
Samples NIC,NIB pg/g
<2 <3 43 0.1 23.4 150 <2 7.3 53.7 0.59
NIB <2 <3 5.0 0.3 52.9 40.9 <2 10.4 94.0 0.46
A9 £s in X 2
vol <74u
NIC <2 <0.1 <3.4 2.40 0.6 1120
NIB <2 <0.1 <3.4 5.97 4.5 2047
NIC Methylene Chloride... trece -600 jig/kg
(mg/kg)
Chlordene... <0.16
PCB1254....ND-1.1
PCB1260..ND-1.1
Toxephene...<1.6
NIB hethylene Chloride... trace -600 pg/kg
(mg/kg)
Chlordene... <0. 16
Toxephene...<1.6
Bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phthelete...ND-17
19B3 EG&G Sediment Sample (See Figure A-7)
No stations in this area
• IODT
-------
1984 Woiver Study Sediment Somples (aee Figure A-6)
Stetions 20,21 yg/g
I S TDC Sb As pe Cj £r £y fb
vo! l74jj
20 5.9 50 4100 <6 <9 6.56 0.6 156 79.1 147
21 40 32 6000 <2 <3 5.61 0.6 71.8 42.9 67
ffi £e Ag It! 2o Hg
20 22.6 <1.5 <0.3 <12 112 0.77
21 23 <5 <0.1 <4 109 0.48
(mg/kg)
20 4,4'DDD ND-<0.55
4,4'DDT ND-<0.59
Endrin ND-<0.24
21 Chlordene ND-<0.25
4,4'DDD ND-<0.55
4,4'DDT ND-<0.59
Endrin ND-<0.24
Toxephene ND-<2.5
• KDDT
-------
EPA Sediment Dete —Ouincy Bey Study, 1967 (See figure A-10)
Stetion S-17.C3.C2. S-1B. C4. C1.S-20.S-21 Jig/g, dry weight
50.61 43.79 67.12 0.26 46.97 10.0B 119398636 12804
88.19
0-2 73.3?
2-4*56.96
1339? 20696 1.62
51629 273.16 1.66
121.59 221.78 1.25
46.3 4099 86.22 0.48
9-18 16.67 19.82 38.7E 0.28
£4: 29.63 23.81 5569 0.38
0-2' 5678 51-26 8407 0.64
2-4-655 57.28 93.2B 0.71
4-8' 39.41 37.95 73.73 O.S4
9473 IB 19 191.98 15991 20800
147.12 17.25 141.05 12106 14600
149619.9 109.648307 6940
33.16 13.62 452.38 127S5 5720
45 £3 7.55 10593 7803 1920
283
0-2' 45.81
2-4-7347
4-8*41.74
8-12-4692
2846
4451
71.14
49.65
70.65
66.82 0.57
83.24 0.81
113.561.55
105560.96
176630.87
£=2Q61JE 60.41 90.85 0.60
£=2131.16 5531 54.90 0.43
2394
43.77
46.64
20.03
5333
46.82
70.99
7417
137.32
45.11
1033
141
16.42
215
9.15
11.0
1457
12.64
16.12
1459
21825
19963
2556
507.82
103.77
11908
157.43
13604
170.47
16*77
10462
13388
15205
17703
8144.6
9768
12796
11501
15887
13186
8230
13800
7240
4890
8150
5530
17400
12300
31000
17200
273 9.63 119.299213 8670
to!
0-2'
2-4'
4-8'
8-12
39000 52
41000 22
58000 50
53000 52
22000 27
• IDDT
-------
TABLE A-V
Mid- BAY/HANGMAN ISLAND AREA
NEA, Gilbert, el el, 1972 (See Figure A-l)
Sample QB-3, QB-4 ppm
EL £2 £4 M £E y fig
Ocm 312 212 241 24 2.7 51 312 100 6.0
10
!
0 112 57 72 1 1.0 26 254 42 4.0
10 49 16 20 6 1.9 17 24 24 9.2
Mg *org
.0 3.5 11.23
10
!
0 0.9 3.55
10 0.3 3.91
Isaac end Delony, 1972 (Me DWPC) (See Figure A-2)
No stetions in this eree
^W«»»MBWWWB»«»«B«**»W««B»W«B»W»«»a»W»(»»»»»W»<»«W«»^<
White, 1972 (see Figure A-3)
No stetions in this eree
h&E 1979 Weiver Study Sediment samples (See Figure A-4)
New England Aquarium
Ste £r £u 2n £fe Ag C(f Hg foe PCB DDT
mg/g jig/g ng/g
27 46
29 0.11? 0.067 0.171 0.125 9.2 2.16 4.35 3.6
-------
Filzgerold, 1900 (see Figure A-5)
Stotion 6-16 2.0* organic corbon
M&E 1962 Waiver Study Sediment Samples (see Figure A-6)
No stations in this eree
1963 EG&G Sediment Sample (see Figure A-7)
Stotion 26,19 pg/g
lit I £y £r £fc ZD As Ed Hg Mi y PCB
vol
26 7 210 160 260 470 70 5.2 2.6 52 150 1.4
19 9 270 320 300 340 — 2.6 3.1
•
Stotion 26,19, counts/gm ww(sediment)
sta fecal coliform spores of perfringens
clostridium
coliform
26 — — 14,900
19 50 30 10,000
-------
I9B4 Weiver Study Sediment Samples (see FigureA-6)
Slotions IB,19, pg/g
I I ID£&>Asfi££i!£r&Efe
ye! <74u
16 2.5 90.5 6900 <3 2.2 6.94 f.t 20.3 126 142
19 6.4 76 5900 <6 <9.7 6.32 0.6 166 115 226
ffl Si A9 Ib Zn fig
16 248 <06 0.3 <6 177 1.45
19 26.6 <1.6 <0.3 <12.9 173 1.5B
(mg/kg)
16 Chlordane ND-<0.25
4,4'DDD ND-<0.55
4,4'DDE ND-<0.2
4,4'DDT ND-<0.59
Endhn ND-<0.24
Toxephene HD-<2.5
19 a-BHC ND-O.J2
Chlordene ND-<0.25
4,4'DDD ND-<0.55
4,4'DDT ND-<0.59
Endrin ND-<0.24
heptechlorND-0.1
Toxephene ND-<2.5
-------
EPA Sediment Dole — Quincy Bey Study, 19B7 (see figure A- 10)
Station S- 1 6, S- 1 4,5- 1 9, S- 1 5pg/g, dry weight
Cr Cu Zn Cd Pb Hi hn Pe TOC
J3.02 400 61.75 0.29 29.64 7.64 7254 6412 30200
£dJ64.9 61.22 9837 0.61 5592 12.2 125.5110693 11600
OUPL494& 49.09 E3 3 J 0.54 44.5? 10.11 105258931 13000
• 57.94 58.25 7159 0.43 56.19 649 91.75 7619 8750
S-I9&47J 65.84 120.560.95 69.91 16.70 166611466615300
fcl553.3 51.65 99 .OB 0.53 S055 10.99 116.679761 14.700
0-2' 25000 2?
2-4' 24000 24
4-8* 10000 22
6-12' . 12000 22
12* 17000 16
0-2* 56000 28
2-4' • 43000 3-4
4-6' 51000 32
6-12* 29000 20
-------
TABLE A-VI
HEARSHORE AREA
NEA, Gilbert, et el, 1972 (see Figure A-1)
Sample OB-2, ppm
£2 £g fii £ y
Ocm 130 46 20 0.2 2.4 19 4 51 4.6
10 64 4 16 6 0.6 22 33 39 6.3
Mg lacg
.0 1.1 507
10 0.03 3.69
Isaac end Deleny, 1972 (Ma. DWPC)
No stations in this erea
^^••^••^••••••"^•••••••••^^•^••^•••••••••^••••••^••••••»»»«*» ^mr m
White, 1972 (see Figure A-3)
Stations 97,96,99.100,101, ppm
fVol £il £r £y. Hg Ni Pb
97 6.5 2.6 125 92.5 5.4 30. 125 160
96 3.7 1.6 50 36.5 4 15 50 62.5
99 4.5 2 62.5 45 4.5 225 62.5 62.5
100 2.9 1.6 42 31.2 2 12.5 50 65
101 2.5 1.5 25 20 1.6 10 37.5 45
-------
J979 Weiver Study Sediment samples (See Figure A-4))
New England Aquorium
Ste Cr £y. Zn Efe Ag Ctf Hg foe PCB DDT
mg/g |ig/g ng/g
24 0.0? 0.05? 0.105 0.059 7.0 1.6 3.7 4.3
M&E 1982 Weiver Study Sediment Samples
No stations in this eree
1963 EG&G Sediment Semple
No stations in this area
M&E 1964 Weiver Study Sediment Samples
No stations in this area
EPA Sediment Date — Quincy Bey Study, 1967 (See Figure A- 10)
Station S-3, S-2,S-10, S-9, jig/g, dry weight
Cr Cu ?n pfl Pb Ni fin Fe TDC
Jcl 10^88 98.2 1446 1.03 97.4B 1747 171.04 14478 21700
fc2 117.95 105.91 14636 0.95 93.1B 16.16 18386 16000 21100
t-IOS.65 628 19£2 0.10 6.&9 456 6936 4916 832
fcS 6<2 (66 245 J 0.20 9.61 426 66.44 4312 2060
-------
TABLE A-VII
RANKING OF TRACE METAL DATA FOR EPA QUINCY BAY SAMPLES
(Grab samples have been ranked front high to low for each metal:
Highest concentration is 1; Lowest concentration is 23)
Station I
61
62
63
84a
64b
64c
65
66
67
68
69
810
611
612
613
814a
614b
614c
815
616
817
618
r\ _" ' " -
Cr C" *n C3T~ Ph ff-
• • — II ££ *i Mn
" 4 * a* 1 9 11
* J.1
' ' 7 «' • s e
7 * • » 7 7 e
4
2
3
3
1 * 3 '« 1 ' 2 3
1 * * »* • 1 1
12 " " » 13 ,3 13
" " " 1" 11 11 12
** i ^
22 23 22 »• 22 23 23
23 22 23 » 23 22 22
4 5 5 3 4 3 2
8 ai 1]L 13 9 10 7
18 2° 20 18* 19 19 18
46 15 15 10 17 16 20
14 " « 11 12 15 17
19 " » « 20 20 21
15 " 17 17 14 17 15
2 21 21 " 15 21 19
tDOT
-------
TABLE A-VII (Continued)
RANKING OF TRACE METAL DATA FOR EPA QUINCY BAY SAMPLES
(Crab samples have been ranked from high to low for each aetal:
Highest concentration is 1; Lowest concentration is 23)
Station I
S19
S20
S21
S22a
S22b
S22c
623
Cr
9
13
20
5
17
Cu
9
12
19
7
17
Zn
9
13
19
6
16
Cd
4*
8
14
5
12
Pb
10
16
21
6
18
Ni
8
12
18
5
14
Mn
10
9
16
4
14
Fe
7
11
16
4
13
Source: EPA, Region 1 (1987)
-------
*OU«CE:GILBERT.««I
M972)
FIGURE A-l. NEW ENGLAND AQUARIUM 1972 SEDIMENT STATIONS
woe »Lr » tee
-------
FIGURE A 2. QUINCY BAY SAMPLING STATIONS
SOURCE: ISAAC & DELANEY, DWPC (19821
-------
SOURCE. WHITE (1972)
• fountf in Application 1or
Jun«, ttfrt
nCURE A-S. SELECTED WHJTE SEDIMENT STATIONS 1972
-------
-£•• -.-: • K-K-::'-V;:>*V'?£*3*1 • './• •- '
f-. ^\^K:-^-i-^^H *-r " "
if • ' M «•••••_!»••• ••* * 1 I • /'*• •'
f ••••••>* •_*:r.*.»;'J' :• • .-.'^1 • ' i- ./.• •* • •
^^^£*^F > V'.'V:*^*"7! ;^«rr?~:^<1T.T-V. r".
Savjr/^N^S&btfj-^£-«. i* | i.* i . 1—«—•—-1* - -" —•A.-'J _• f t
... --nj^i. & :
Source: MetuH & Eddy. Inc. (1B84), F^urt II. BL :
• Combined Sewer Outieu
—Trtitment W»nt Diuhvpet
A Sediment S*rnpling Station!
(Solid line* repmeni Deer lsl*r>d wx5 West ItUnd outfalls)
nGURE A-4. 1979 SEDIMENT SAMPLING STATIONS
-------
FIGURE A-5
( I Location of Qufncy Buy SteUons/Orflonfc Carton Conltnt
ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT (%)
SOURCE: Ffl2gerald,M.G, 1960(FfflurB 15).
-------
. . . . •
• .••:•*' I • 7 - -
'
.-.-;.ii:.:r-
.-: .- t - • .- J
.t':^'^.'in-""JI'r *» J
L ^a^S^i^^fC^-^rf^ »; « .'-
^^$!3*3IW* :
.^•i£23*£>.. X'%^
^c^fe .J^j^rs^:
KEY
• Combined Sewer Outlets
—•Treatment Pl*nt Ditchvges '
A Sediment Stmpling Sutions
(Solid line* represent Deer blind *nd West td*nd outftlls)
FIGURE A4. 1982 SEDIMENT SAMPLING STATIONS
Source: Metcttf& Eddy. Inc. (1384). Figurt II-BE
• CDC
-------
5
3^§Hjl!f-jT b
V£.-5.-jr" r- - • * ?
——_... sjr . ; ;
• Combined Sewer Outlets •"""•' ""**"* «*.^"B4'»." S^" ^
—Treaiment flant Discharpes
9 Sediment Sampting Stations
ISolid lines represent Deer Island and West Island outfalls)
FIGURE A-7. 1983 (EG4G) SEDIMENT SAMPLING STATIONS
-------
Source: Metcalf & Eddy. Inc. (1084), Figure II • BS.43
t »000
KEY
• Combined Sewer Outlet*
— Treatment Pl»m Ditchirget
^ Sediment Sampling Stations
(Solid lines represent Deer Island and West Island outfalls)
FIGURE A-8. 1984 SEDIMENT SAMPLING STATIONS
-------
MXOAD SO V
HttfGBAM MAT
-BH-6
Source: Boehrn. tt »l (1984)
HGURE A-9. LOCATION OF BOSTON HARBOR SAMPLING STATIONS
-------
1000
HGURE A-JO. QUINCY BAY STUDY AREA
LOCATION OF SEDIMENT SAMPUNC SITES
USEPA, 1987
-------
APPENDIX B
BIOLOGICAL DATA
• EDDV
-------
Conversions for Units Used
in Tables
ug/kg «ng/g «
»g/kg -ug/g -ppln
-------
TABLE B-1
(See Figure B-l)
"A Study of the MArine Resources of Quincy Boy"
Jerome,W.C., A.P. CHESMDRE, AND CHARLES 0. ANDERSON, Jr.
From Teble 11: "Pesticide Concentrations in Clem Meet Semples Token et
Sites Pj P2P3 Quincy, Quincy Bey, in 1964."
(ppm Live Body Weight)
Date Sample Heptechlor Heptechlor Dieldrin DDT
Collected Site Epoxide or DDE
2/24
7/31
•W3
Pi
P2
Px
none
0.013
0.013
0.068
none
0.079
0.044
0.011
0.027
0.020
0.006
0.014
0.046
0.030
0.003
0.013
Dote token from severel erees of the Hemmeck river during the month of
July showed no Dieldrin, Heptechlor Epoxide from None to 2.8 ppm,
Heptechlor renges from 0.008-0.125, end DDT from none to oO.OSppm.
• EDDY
-------
FIGURE B-l
SanipHoj *»tioe (oatfocv b Quiocy Bay, 1M4.
Jerome. W.C., ttel. (1%6)
-------
t
e
' i
[S ~
3
*
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s
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MFTC*Lr ft FDD'
-------
HULL
BRAINTfiEE
• FIGURE B-2
Samplinf tUlion lociUon* in Hinjhjm Ba>. 1V70.
»OURCE:
9l. el. (1973)
-------
TABLE B-IH
See Figure B-3
ERCO DATA FOR •WAIVER....0—6/79-6/79 (see M&E, 1979)
From TABLE 34. PCB'S end DDT Measured In Boston Harbor Winter Flounder
Station
NUT IS.
Nl
Nl
Nl
DB
DB
DB
DB
IH
IH
IH
IH
PR
PR
PR
PR
NB
NB
NB
NB
IK
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
DDT ug/g
(dry wt)
In liver
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
edible tissue fO
ND
edible tissue 1C
ND
edible tissue U)
ND
edible tissue ID
ND
edible tissue U)
ND
ND
PCBS. 1254
yg/gjwei
4.21
10.64
21.93
36.30
5.03
26.55
50.69
37.69
17.26
7.21
6.56
4.51
14.66
20.73
edible tissue 0.1 4
10.09
edible tissue 0.77
10.64
edible tissue 1.56
9.93
edible tissue 0.56
12.25
edible tissue 0.49
5.69
13.03
PCB's. 1254
ug/g. liver
(wet wt)
1.45
3.16
6.60
15.60
1.66
7.70
10.71
10.95
5.20
3.61
2.62
1.23
3.96
6.40
edible tissue 0.025
3.55
edible tissue 0.15
4.09
edible tissue 0.53
2.95
edible tissue 0.01
4.57
edible tissue 0.099
1.71
4.01
. The FDA action limit Is 2ppm wel weight PCB for edible tissue.
CAL? • romr
-------
FROM TABLE 37 in ERCO REPT
HEAVY METALS MEASURED IN LIVER AND EDIBLE TISSUE
OF WINTER FLOUNDER
NORMAL FLOUNDER
Station
£9
Nl,liver 0.5
0.36
0.13
DB, liver o 16
0.31
IH, liver 0.25
0.15
PR,liver 0.19
NB,liver 0.49
0.20
0.27
0.69
NB.edibleO.02
<0.02
Concentretion. ppm. wet weight
£S £u Hg a
0.03
0.03
0.07
0.13
0.10
0.15
O.OB
0.09
0.05
0.10
0.10
0.05
<002
<0.02
3.3
16
5.6
0.7
0.9
9
9.5
1.1
10
3.9
6.2
6.6
0.5
1.0
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.04
0.05
O.OB
0.09
0.5
0.05
0.09
0.04
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.16
0.22
0.32
0.60
0.35
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.07
0.400
0.46
0.530
0.04
0.015
FIN ERODED FLOUNDER
Station
Nl,lfver 0.31
DB,liver 0.44
0.16
0.07
0.23
0.12
2.5
12
11
0.06
0.04
0.03
0.69
0.5B
0.62
IH,liver 0.10
0.05
0.09
0.06
-------
0.05
0.06
0.05
O.f9
PR/
liver 0.12
0.02
0.09
PR. edibleO.02
<0.02
0.06
NB
no
From Table 36. Ire.
Statij
Nl
DB
IH
PR
NB
£9
2D
0.36
0.23
0.14
0.16
0.30
0.26
0.47
0.19
0.22
0.36
002 6.3 0.03 016
<0-02 2.1 0.01 0.04
15 5.1 0.02 0.26
<0.02 2.6 0.04 007
<0.02 0.23 0.02 005
<0°2 1.1 0.02 0.06
diseased fish
ce contaminants in po^nn »>
Concentration in ppm wet
£fl £u tig
0.01 9.0 0.061
0.008 6.6 O.OB7
0.044 16 0.002
0.009 6.7 0.130
O.OOB 43 0.110
<0.005 3.6 0.06
0.013 13 O.OB5
0.015 6.3 0.04B
0.016 14 0.064
0.010 12 0.097
srbor Lob
weight
ft
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.06
ster
E£B
0.01
0.09
0.06
0.16
0.09
0.07
0.06
0.14
0.14
0.05
NO DDT DETECTED
-------
•' . " \ • J •
. . . V ." *"-«' •-" '
KWRCE Ketcelf an
-------
TABLE B-tV
See Fioure B-4
CAT COVE MARINE LABORATORY; Mess DMF
HEAVY METALS IN BOSTON HARBOR
(In Dom wet weioht)
DrATF Itf)* &KC1M U
5/83 P579 £d * ND
8/83 PM9 Flounder ND
P610 Flounder ND
PS 11 Flounder MD
P612 Flounder ND
P613Pollock , MD
P6 14 Pol let* ND
P6 15 Police* MD
• P616Ut*ter ND
P6 17 Flounder ND
P6 IB Police* ND
P619BIuef»sfi ND
DETECTION LIMITS:
Cd 2.0ppm
Co S.Oppm
Cr 2.0ppm
Cu 2.0ppm
Pb 12ppm
£o
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
LL
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Xu
ND
ND
MD
ND
MD
MD
MD
ND
92.8
MD
MD '
MD
ifc
0.17
0.05
0.19
0.05
0.11
0.09
0.06
0.04
0.47
0.14
0.09
0.63
IL
1.0
1.0
1.3
1.5
0.7
0.5
0.5
07
1.5
O.B
1.0
1.0
Eb
ND
MD
MD
ND
ND
MD
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
LL ASIA
28.9 Neporeet R.
1C I Deer I
66 We/nouthFR
65 FWdockjI.
17.8 Hull Gut
6.5 Dorchester B.
10.1 Deer I.
7.4 Bird I
S6.6 PeMocfe I.
6.1 Bird I.
7.5 ttfig-Spec. I.
13.4 Quincg 6.
CAT COVE MARINE LABORATORY: «8SS DMF
PCB DATA BOSTON HARBOR
( IN PPM WET WEIGHT )
A.
Number Date
P6U 6/22/83
P612
P615
P616
P61B
P619
P6B4 6/20/84
P6B5
P6B6
Species
FLOUNDER
POLLOCK
LOBSTER
POLLOCK
BLUEFISH
No.
Samples
4
6
14
10
17
1
W.FLOUNDER 1
1
1
Site
PEDDOCKS 1.
HULL BUT
DORCHESTER
PEDDOCKS 1.
LONG 1.
QUINCY BAY
LON3 ISLAND
Ampi
0.30
0.10
0.00
4.00
0.10
4.00
0.30
1.00
O.JO
-------
6/14/85 LOBSTER
P667
P6BB
P6B9
P690
P691
P692
P693
P79B
P79B
PBOO
P601
PBOB
PBD9
PB12
PB13
P614
PB15
PB22
PB23
PB24
PB25
P805 7/31/85 LOBSTER
7/23/B5 LOBSTER
PM9B1
PM9B2
PM983
PM9B4
PM9B5
PM102B
PM969
PM970
PM971
PH972
PM973
PM974
PM1029
PH975
PM976
6/23/86 LOBSTER
SOFT SHELL CLAM 12
W. FLOUNDER
0.40
0.10
0.20
0.50
0.60
0.20
0.50
X5-LONGI. 0.10
X6-GALLOPS I. 1.40
X7-LDVELL I. 1.20
XB-LOVELL I. O.BO
X6A-DALLOPS I. 1.40
X6B-GALLOPS 1.10
X5A-LOND I. 0.50
X5B-LONG I. 0.60
X5C-LONG I. 1.00
X5D-LONG I. 1.60
X7A-LOVELL 1.10
XBA-LOVELL 0.20
XBB-LOVELL 1.10
XBC-LOVELL 0.90
XB-LOVELL
0.50
1-LONG
2-LONG
.3-LONG
4-LONG
5-LONG
0.05
0.16
1.68
1.79
2.19
12 502- LONG 1. 0.14
1 IB-LONG
2B-LONG
3B-LONG
4B-LONG
SB-LONG
6B-LONG
0.76
0.61
0.59
0.43
0.15
0.82
SOFT SHELL CLAM 12 503-QUINCV B. 0.14
W.FLOUNDER 1
1
1C-NUT I.
2C-NITT I.
1.30
0.34
-------
PM977 I 3C-NUTI. 0.34
PM97B 1 4C-NLTT I. 1.15
PM979 1 5C-NLTTI. 0.25
PM960 1 6C-NOTI. 0.61
6.
Schwertz,J.P.0987)
"PCB Concentretions in Merine Fish end Shellfish...", Cet Cove MArine
Laboratory (From Toble 2).
Average PCB concentrations (ppm. wet weight )
-------
FIGURE B-4
of Marint Fi§herie» Bostoo H*rbor Maple sices.
SOURCE: Schwartz, J. .1987; end Cat Cove Marine Laboratory (DMF)
Unpublished Date, 1983-86.
-------
TABLE B-V 1
(See Figures B-5 1 and B-5.2)
Boehm, et el (1984) 'ORGANIC POLLUTANT BIDGEDCHEMISTRY STUDIE!
FROM TABLE 9 'SUMMARY OF PCB DATA ON ANIMAL TISSUES'
SPECIE5
STATION
TOTAL PCB CONCENTRATION
WET DRY LIPID
WEIGHT WEIGHT WEIGHT
(yg/g) tog/g)
Cancer Creb
(soft parts)
BH-2
BH-5
BH-6
MB-1
CC-1
CC-2
0.242
0.279
0.235
0.065
0.143
0.140
0.982
1.25
O.B76
0.276
0.461
0.650
200
236
256
176
92
no
Winter Flounder
(edible flesh) BH-1 0.135 0.613 37
BH-2(trjpli»tc> .0941-.009 0.$85i.OJ5 !8t1.6
BH-5 0.093 0.337 17
BH-6 0.090 0.353 15
MB-1 0.065 0.116 14
Dob
(edible flesh) 6,MB stations o.oi-o.ow o.c*5-o.iw 21-6.6
-------
TABLE B-V- 1 PAH CONCENTRATIONS IN ANIMALS - CRABS
weight)
PAH Compounds
Naphthalene (N)
CjN
C2N
C3N
CaN
Biphenyl
Fiuorene (F)
CiF
*»lr
C2F
C*F
U3r
Phenanthene (P)
C,P
C2P
C3P
CaP
DBT (Dibenzothiophene)
CiDRT
\~\LJO l
C2DBT
CjDBT
FJouranthrene
Pyrene
Benzanthraocene
Chrytene
Benzofluoranthene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo(a)pyrene
BH-2
^ -«^BM«a_
16
2
31
nd
nd
7
nd
nd
nd
nd
5
1
nd
83
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
Total PAH 1*5
STATION
BH-5
"
10
44
28
nd
nd
a
1
8
13
4
23
9
5
2SO
nd
<1
6
4
3
2
11
nd
nd
11
nd
nd
457
- — _
BH-6
•"••
12
7
9
3
1
1
nd
nd
nd
30
17
9
nd
nd
1
1
nd
nd
6
11
nd
nd
11
nd
nd
ill
MB-1
•
11
3
15
nd
nd
4
nd
nd
nd
nd
3
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd •
nd
nd
nd
nd
2
<1
nd
1
22
€1
-~
CC-1
•
4
nd
1
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
7
CC-2
-
7
1
1
nd
nd
3
nd
nd
nd
nd
4
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
16
nd * leu than Ing/g
SOURCE: Boehm et. el., 1984
(SEE FIGURE B-5.2)
MCTCALf • CDOY
-------
TABLE B-V-2 PAH CONCENTRATIONS IN ANIMALS - WINTER FLOUNDER (rut/*
cry weight) vlfc/6
PAH Compounds
Naphthalene (N)
CiN
C2N
C3N
C*N
BipSenyl
Fijorene (F)
rll
r2F
C3F
Phenanthene (P)
CjP
C2P
C3P
CftP
DBT (DibenzothiopSene)
CjDBT
CjDBT
C3DBT
FJouranthrene
Pyrene
Benzanthraocene
Chrysene
BenzofJuoranthene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo(a)pyrene
TotaJPAH
BH-1
3
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
5
STATION
BH-2
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
2
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
*
BH-3
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
BK-5
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd .
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
BH-6
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
2
MB-1
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
2
nd
nd
nd
nd
S
nd
nd
nd
nd
S
nd
nd
nd
S
nd
S
nd
S
nd
nd
10
nd * less than Ing/g
(SEE FIGURE B-5.2)
£:Boehmet. el.,!584.
-------
TABLE B-V-3 PAH CONCENTRATIONS IN ANIMALS - DABS
PAH Compounds
MB-3
Naphthalene (N)
C|N
CjN
CjN
CaN
Biphenyl
FJuorene (F)
C,F
C2F
CjF
Phenanthene (P)
C,P
CjP
CjP
C$P
DBT (Dibenzothiophene)
CiDBT
C2DBT
CjDBT
Flouranthrene
Pyrene
Benzanthraocene
Chrysene
Ben zof J uor anthene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Total PAH
3
nd
nd
nd
nd
I
nd
nd
nd
nd
6
2
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
12
MB-*
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
STATION
MB-*
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
MB- 10
2
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
2
MB-13
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
od
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
MB-
5
nd
nd
nd
nd
1
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
' nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
*
nd = Jess than Ing/g
SOURCE: Boehm *t. el., 1984
(SEE FIGURE B-5.2)
-------
«• MKOAD SO VXD
FIGURE B-5.1 Locations of Boston Harbor (8H) Sampling Stations.
SOURCE: Boehm el. •!.. t984.
• IOOY
-------
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? ,»n>Js-,.. .*-y
t ?«.• •- '*ll ,' .'
•• . .. •.. -• W»-*
Vi
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• •• Vi^'l<;-••••'^X X
•. • _>w/^.-* • •-••;•.' \ •.. \ *»»
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• SS-I..-' i. 0» MB-8-/^\.
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,W • • m
V MB-14 / V. I
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*• MB-16 •>
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-------
TABLE P-VH
gelected Date from "Status end Trends' Fish Liver Contaminant Analyse,?
(NOAAJ984 Unpublished doto. Trace Metal dote believed to be
Boston Hartor ttotfon loceted off Deer Island.
Mien concentration, pg/g of trace metals In Flounder liver from Boston
Harbor Station:
Cr Ni Cu 2n Se Ag Cd Hg Pt>
0.26 0.29 15.10 B6.08 3.02 0.7 0.14 0.12 0.63
Mean concentration of DDT residues In fish liver
from Boston Harbor station. 627.23 ng/g
Mean Concentration of PCB's In fish liver
from Boston Harbor station: 10,486.91 ng/g
Frequency of "proliferetive disorders * in fish taken at Boston Harbor
station in I984(NOAA, National Status andTrensd Progress report, 1987).
Biliary hyperplesie.-IO*
Meoplaste: !3X
------- |