&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Municipal
Pollution Control (WH-595)
Washington, DC 20460
Office of Water
June 1989
EPA's Policy Promoting
The Beneficial Use Of
Sewage Sludge
and
The New Proposed
Technical Sludge
Regulations
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OVERVIEW
The U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) will continue to pro-
mote municipal sewage sludge man-
agement practices that provide for the
beneficial use of sewage sludge while
maintaining or improving environ-
mental quality and protecting human
health.
Thousands of municipalities are
currently land applying or otherwise
recycling their sewage sludge. Both
agricultural and non-agriculturial sites
benefit from the use of sewage sludge,
which typically contains $50 to $60 of
nutrient and soil conditioning value
per ton. Sewage sludge has been
successfully used in the production of
many different food, feed, and horti-
cultural crops, in sod production and
turf maintenance, in the management
of forest production, as well as in
reclaiming and revegetating areas dis-
turbed by mining, construction, and
waste disposal activities.
Sludges should be adequately stabil-
ized prior to use on land. This can
be accomplished by digestion,
chemical stabilization, or other means.
A potential benefit from anaerobic
digestion is the recovery of methane
gas from the digestion process which
can be used as a fuel source.
EPA proposed new technical standards
to govern the use and disposal of
sewage sludge on February 6, 1989,
and is seeking public comment and
data for their improvement. Comments
must be received by August 7, 1989.
These proposed standards may change
based upon the Agency's data gather-
ing initiatives and the comments
received. Therefore, EPA advises
permit writing authorities and others
not to rely on the proposed standards as
a basis for evaluating the safety of
proposed sludge management projects
or establishing appropriate require-
ments for sludge use and disposal. EPA
intends to carefully weigh the extent to
which the proposed standards should
be used, and appropriate advice will
be given in the revised "Guidance for
Writing Case-By-Case Permit
Requirements for Municipal Sewage
Sludge" scheduled for later this year.
The proposed technical standards can
be used to gain an understanding of
the types of practices and kinds of
pollutants that may be regulated when
the revised standards are promulgated.
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Purpose
The U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency published the "Proposed
Standards for the Disposal of Sewage
Sludge" in the Federal Register (Volume
54, No. 23, pp. 5746-5902) for public
comment on February 6, 1989. This
brochure helps clarify the purpose of the
new proposed sewage sludge standards
and reaffirms the Agency's policy of
encouraging beneficial use of sewage
sludge. This publication also describes
current Federal and State requirements
that will govern sludge use and disposal
practices until the new technical sludge
regulations are promulgated in final
form.
EPA Policy on Beneficial Use
of Municipal Sludge
EPA's official "Policy on Municipal
Sludge Management" (49 FR 24358,
June 12, 1984) states that:
"The U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) will actively promote
those municipal sludge management
practices that provide for the beneficial
use of sludge while maintaining or
improving environmental quality and
protecting public health. To implement
this policy, EPA will continue to issue
regulations that protect public health
and other environmental values... Local
communities will remain responsible for
choosing among alternative programs;
for planning, constructing, and operat-
ing facilities to meet their needs; and for
ensuring the continuing availability of
adequate and acceptable disposal or use
capacity."
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Silvigrow applications vehicle at the University of Washington Pack
Forest facility.
Composted sludge has enhanced the Mt. Vernon landscape.
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As noted in the policy statement, EPA
prefers well-managed beneficial uses of
sewage sludge. Such uses include land
application practices utilizing sludge as a
soil amendment or fertilizer supplement
and various practices that derive energy
from sludge or convert it to useful
products. Such practices can help reduce
the volume of waste to be disposed of,
thus reducing the rate at which the
limited remaining capacity in landfills is
used. These practices also avoid potential
pollution problems from disposal prac-
tices such as landfilling, incineration,
ocean dumping, and discharge to coastal
waters. Other benefits of sludge use
include reduced need for inorganic fer-
tilizers, improved soil fertility and tilth
for better plant growth, decreased con-
sumpion of energy, and reduced hazard-
ous air emissions.
An oat field showing areas untreated (left) and treated (right) with sludge.
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Agricultural Use of Sludge
EPA's policy of promoting the beneficial
use of municipal sewage sludge is based
upon years of study and experience.
Hundreds of studies have been con-
ducted, and several thousand POTWs
are recycling their sludge for use on
land in the United States. In Ohio and
Maryland, for example, over 55% and
85%. respectively, of all sludge produced
in each state is used on land.
Examples of communities recycling their
sludge include Hannibal. MO (population
19.000). Madison. WI (population
250.000). and Seattle. WA (population
1.1 million). Each of these municipalities
were 1988 winners in the EPA National
Awards Program for excellence in using
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and promoting the beneficial use of
sludge. Hannibal recovers 100% of the
costs of hauling and spreading sludge
from its sales to farmers, and Madison
receives $12 per acre from farmers for
applying the sludge. Madison currently
treats 3,000 to 4,000 acres of farmland
with sludge each year and has a waiting
list totalling 22,000 acres of farmland.
Seattle treats forest as well as agricultural
land.
Each dry ton of sludge contains about $50
to $60 worth of valuable nitrogen,
phosphorus, trace nutrients, and organic
matter. During 1988, all sludge from met-
ropolitan Washington, D.C. (population 3
million) was used on land. Over one-third
(37,000 dry tons) was applied to 7,000
acres of agricultural land in Virginia, and
about 30,000 dry tons was applied to
Maryland soils. The sludge was spread
at no charge to the farmers by private
contractors, providing the farmers with
several million dollars of benefit from the
soil nutrients and conditioners present in
the sludge. The balance of the Washing-
ton, D.C. area sludge was composted prior
to use.
This corn crop benefited from the use of sludge as a fertilizer.
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Non-Agricultural
Use of Sludge
The beneficial uses of
sludge extend beyond
agriculture. Sludge is used
in silviculture to increase
forest productivity and to
revegetate and stabilize
forest lands that have been
harvested or devastated by
fires, land slides, or other
natural disasters.
The application of sewage
sludge to forest land
shortens wood production
cycles by accelerating tree
growth, especially on
marginally productive
soils. Studies at the
University of Washington
on the use of sludge as a
fertilizer in silviculture
show height and diameter
increases from two- to ten-
fold in various tree species
compared with control
groups grown without
sludge fertilizer.
University of Washington
research has also shown
that trees grow twice as
fast on sludge-amended
soil. This means that a tree
which would typically be
cut after 60 years could be
cut after only 30 years to
supply lumber for a variety
of purposes.
Sludge applied during
this growth period
(nine years ago)
A cross-section of a Douglas fir tree
demonstrates how sludge increases tree
growth.
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Above, truck spraying
sludge/fly ash mixture for
revegetation at the Palmerton,
Pennsylvania hazardous waste
site. Right, the same area after
being reclaimed.
Sludge is also used to stabilize and re-
vegetate areas destroyed by mining,
dredging, and construction activities. Air-
dried and composted sludge is frequently
used to fertilize highway median strips
and clover leaf exchanges, and for
covering expired landfills. Historically,
land reclamation by use of sludge has
been very successful and comparable in
cost to other methods. In a strip-mined
area in Fulton County, Illinois, reclam-
ation using municipal sewage sludge cost
$3,660 an acre, as compared with a range
of $3,395 to $6,290 an acre using other
methods.
Pennsylvania has used sludge generated
by Philadelphia to reclaim over 3,000
acres of devastated lands. Sludge has
been used in combination with fly ash to
revegetate soils that had become highly
contaminated over the past 90 years from
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860,000-gallon anaerobic sludge digester with floating cover for storing
the generated methane gas.
the operation of a zinc smelter in
Palmerton, Pennsylvania. A team from
Allentown, PA and the Pennsylvania
State University, who were responsible
for demonstrating the viability of the
procedure, were recognized as winners in
EPA's 1988 National Beneficial Sewage
Sludge Use Awards Program.
Other Public Uses for Sludge
Sales to the public of sludge products for
many kinds of garden, nursery,
household and lawn uses continue to
increase. Milwaukee has been selling a
heat-dried product called Milorganite* to
the public throughout the United
States since the 1920s. Kellogg's Supply
Company* (a private firm in California)
has been selling sludge composted in Los
Angeles County, called Nitrohumus,* in
California and Arizona for over 60 years.
More than 15 products containing
* Vendor and trade names are included for the benefit of the reader and do not imply an endorsement by EPA.
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Nitrohumus are being marketed. These
composted sludge products have been
used to establish playing field grass in
stadiums used by the Dodgers and the
Angels and as well as in the Rose Bowl.
Even the White House has used
composted sludge to completely
reestablish its lawns. During the last two
years, 825 tons of composted sludge
called Compro* were used in this highly
successful project. Similarly, the lawns at
Mount Vernon, the Washington
Monument grounds, and the Governor's
Mansion in Annapolis, Maryland were
renewed last year with Compro. The first
use of composted sludge on the
Washington, D.C. Mall (nearly 6,000
tons) was in 1976 to establish the
Constitution Gardens in time for the
United States Bicentennial Birthday
celebration.
Sludge should be stabilized before use.
Anaerobic digestion is used by many
wastewater treatment works for this
purpose. Methane gas is generated during
the anaerobic digestion process and has
considerable value as a fuel source. For
example, the 60MGD Tampa, Florida
Picture on left shows sludge being applied next to a highway near Zion,
Illinois. Photo on right shows the same area after sludge application.
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treatment works recovers about $500,000
worth of heat and electrical energy each
year from the methane produced by
anaerobicly digesting part of the 100 tons
of sludge solids it produces each day. As
a result of these energy savings, their
digestion facility is expected to
completely pay for itself in seven and a
half years. Tampa reports that all of their
digested sludge is used on agricultural
land at an overall low cost of about $19
per dry ton. In the past, part of the their
sludge was also used for revegetating
gypsum spoils from phosphate mining.
Expert Opinions Regarding
Sludge Useability
In 1981, some Northwestern food
processors announced that they would no
longer accept fruits and vegetables for
processing that had been grown on
sludge-treated soils. Officials from the
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA),
the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA), and the EPA met with
representatives of the National Food
Processors Association to address the
food processors' concerns.
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After careful analysis of the available
health and safety information pertaining
to these practices, the USDA, FDA, and
EPA issued guidance and a joint policy
statement in 1981 that was signed by the
Administrators of each Agency. The
Agencies endorsed the utilization of
sludge on land for the production of
fruits and vegetables and concluded:
"that the use of high quality sludges,
coupled with proper management
procedures, should safeguard the
consumer from contaminated crops,
minimize any potential adverse effect on
the environment," and "that, with the
adherence to the guidance contained in
[the Agencies' ] document, the safety
and wholesomeness of the fruit and
vegetable crops grown on sludge-
amended soils will be assured."
In 1983, over 200 health and
environmental experts from the United
States, Canada, and Europe met in
Denver, Colorado to assess the state of
the art for sewage sludge use and
disposal (10 years after a similar meeting
in Champaign, Illinois). This group of
experts arrived at a published consensus
that the existing guidance and regulations
were adequately protective of public
health and the environment, provided
that sewage sludge was used in
Research projects have yielded impressive results. Corn plants on the
left were grown in sludge-amended soil.
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accordance with those provisions. They
concluded:
"Guidelines have been developed to
enable the environmentally safe use of
sewage sludge containing median
concentrations of metals and organics
when the sludge is applied at agronom-
ic rates based upon nitrogen or
phosphorus utilization by crops."
"Concentrations of synthetic organics in
sludges are generally low, but high
concentration may exist in some
sludges. Most synthetic organics are
decomposed in soil. Current Federal
regulation for PCBs in sludges are
adequate to protect human health."
"Groundwater monitoring for nitrate-
nitrogen is not needed where sludge
nitrogen additions do not exceed
fertilizer nitrogen recommendations for
the crop grown."
"Utilization of sludge for reclamation
of disturbed land at rates higher than
those for agricultural land, when
properly implemented and managed,
improves the quality of soils,
groundwater, or vegetation."
"With proper management and safety
allowances based on research data,
land application is a safe, beneficial
and acceptable alternative for treatment
of municipal wastewater and sludges."
"In terms of current detection
capability, Federal sludge disposal
criteria are adequate to protect human
health from pathogenic micro-
organisms."
"No longer are there serious gaps in
knowledge of the impact on human
health of organic and inorganic con-
taminants in municipal wastewater and
sludge when applied to land."
From operational experiences and the
views of many Agency as well as other
experts, it is apparent that the best-
management-practice-based guidance
and regulations, developed by EPA, have
been successfully guiding the beneficial
use of sludge.
Proposed Part 503 Sewage
Sludge Disposal Standards
Pursuant to the statutory directive in
Section 405 of the Clean Water Act
(CWA), EPA expanded its regulatory
activities by proposing new risk-based
technical sludge regulations. Once issued
in final form, these regulations will
appear at 40 CFR Part 503 and will
establish minimum Federal standards for
the use and disposal of sewage sludge
when applied to land, distributed and
marketed, placed in sludge-only landfills
(monofills) or on surface disposal sites,
or incinerated.
The co-landfilling of sludge with
municipal solid waste and ocean
dumping of sludge are covered under
other provisions and rulemaking (e.g.,
the new Part 258 Municipal Solid Waste
Landfill regulations as proposed [53 FR
33314] on August 30, 1988). Future
rulemaking under the Section 405 CWA
authority will address additional sludge
pollutants and sewage sludge use and
disposal practices.
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The proposed rule contains standards for
each end use and disposal method
consisting of sludge concentration or
pollutant loading limits, management
practices, and other requirements such as
monitoring, record keeping, reporting,
and management controls over users and
contractors by treatment works.
As proposed, the requirements would
apply to both publicly owned treatment
works (POTWs) and privately owned
treatment works that treat domestic
waste water as well as septage. However,
sludges produced by privately owned
industrial facilities, which treat domestic
sewage along with industrial process
waste, will not be covered in the first
round of regulation.
Limitations of Proposed
Regulations
The proposed regulations raise many
scientific, technical, and policy issues not
addressed in prior Federal regulations.
Furthermore, the scope of the proposed
Part 503 standards has been constrained
by the adequacy of the information on
sewage sludge pollutants that formed the
basis of the proposal as well as the
sludge use and disposal practices
covered.
Therefore, the proposed pollutant limits
and management practices included in
the proposed regulations, and even the
basic approach to regulating sewage
sludge taken in the proposal, may change
significantly based upon the Agency's
data gathering and peer review efforts,
and the public comments and information
received in response to the proposal.
Hence, permit writers and others
involved in sludge management
decisions should not use the proposed
pollutant limits and management
practices as a basis for evaluating the
requirements for sludge management
operations or the environmental safety of
proposed sludge management projects.
The Agency plans to carefully weigh the
extent to which the proposal should be
used, and appropriate advice will be
given in the revised "Guidance for
Writing Case-By-Case Permit
Requirements for Municipal Sewage
Sludge" scheduled for later this year. It is
appropriate, however, to note that the
pollutants and practices in the proposed
regulations will likely be addressed in
some manner when the revised
regulations are promulgated in final
form.
Study and Comment to Help
Improve the Proposed
Regulations
To help remedy existing information
gaps, the Agency is conducting a
National Sewage Sludge Survey. The
purpose of the Survey is to obtain better
information on current sewage sludge use
and disposal practices and detailed
analyses of sewage sludge pollutant
concentrations from a representative
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group of POTW
sludges. In addition,
EPA is gathering
data on environ-
mental mobility of
certain pollutants
(e.g., dioxins and
pathogens), refining
and expanding its
modeling capability
for specific pol-
lutants and disposal
methods, developing
supplemental infor-
mation on certain
disposal methods
including some not
addressed in the
proposal (e.g., municipal solid waste
incinerators co-firing sewage sludge),
and identifying the characteristics of
industrial sludges with a domestic
sewage component.
During the 180-day comment period,
experts from both inside and outside the
EPA are thoroughly reviewing the
technical basis of the proposal. The
review will involve representatives from
the Agency's Science Advisory Board,
environmental groups, academia, and
various scientific bodies with expertise in
areas covered by the proposed rule. With
the additional input and data obtained
during the technical and public reviews
of the proposal during the comment
period, the Agency should be able to
expand and refine the proposed
standards.
A 500-kilowatt engine and generator using sludge
digester gas to produce electricity.
Current Regulations
Applicable to Sewage Sludge
Use & Disposal Practices
Until the final Part 503 Sewage Sludge
Disposal Standards are issued, sewage
sludge use and disposal practices
continue to be governed by EPA, State,
and local requirements in current final
regulations that affect sludge
management practices (see Table 1).
Pursuant to Section 405(d) of the 1987
Water Quality Act amendments, the
Agency has established an "interim"
program for permitting POTW sludge
management practices on a case-by-case
basis by including conditions in NPDES
permits. This interim program is de-
scribed in a document entitled "Strategy
for Interim Implementation of Sludge
Requirements in Permits Issued to
POTWs" (see Notice of Availability for
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Table 1.
Current Federal Regulations Impacting
Sewage Sludge Use and Disposal Practices
Coverage
Reference
Application
Polychlorinated
Biphenyls (PCBs)
40 CFR 761
All sludges containing
more than 50
milligrams per
kilogram
Ocean Dumping
40 CFR 220-228
The discharge of
sludge from barges or
other vessels
New Sources of
Air Emissions
40 CFR 60
Incineration of sludge
at rates above 1,000
kilograms per day
Mercury, Beryllium 40 CFR 61
Incineration and heat
drying of sludge
Cadmium, PCBs,
Pathogenic
Organisms
40 CFR 257
Land application of
sludge, landfills, and
storage lagoons
Extraction
Procedure Toxicity
40 CFR 261
Appendix II
Defines whether
sludges are
hazardous
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this document, 53 FR 1987, May 31,
1987).
The Interim Strategy is designed
primarily for the period of time before
promulgation of the technical standards.
Through permits, it focuses on identify-
ing and addressing existing or potential
problems with sludge use or disposal
practices in the absence of promulgated
technical standards. The strategy states
that in developing permit limits for
POTWs in the interim, the primary
source of information for permit writers
should be the case-by-case guidance in
the draft document entitled "Guidance
for Writing Case-by-Case Permit
Requirements for Municipal Sewage
Sludge".
The draft guidance document is based on
existing Federal and State requirements
and guidance, and is currently being
revised. This guidance document and
future updates (a revised version should
be available by September 30, 1989) will
serve as the basis for EPA regulation of
sewage sludge until the Final Part 503
requirements are issued (currently
scheduled for promulgation by October
1991). (Note: The timing of
promulgation of the technical standards
is currently in litigation in Federal
district court. EPA informed the court
that it expected final promulgation in
October 1991 based upon projections
made in 1988; this date could change due
to court order or other changed
circumstances.)
This case-by-case approach will continue
until the Part 503 standards are issued in
final form and implemented through
EPA's new Part 501 State Sludge
Management Program Regulation and
Parts 122-124 NPDES permitting
requirements which were issued in final
form on May 2, 1989 in 54 FR 18716-
18796.
Following the final promulgation of the
Part 503 technical sludge regulations,
EPA's authority to impose sludge limits
in NPDES permits developed on a case-
by-case basis and issued to POTWs will
continue with respect to pollutants and
sludge management practices not
covered by the technical standards.
EPA is sensitive to the concerns that
problems may arise if interim permit
conditions are imposed that are
significantly different from those that
will be required by the final Part 503
technical regulations. Thus, the Agency's
interim permitting strategy has sought to
adopt approaches that are consistent with
the anticipated direction of the technical
regulations. However, a primary
emphasis of the strategy is to ensure
compliance with existing Federal
requirements (see Table 1).
In general, additional limits will be
required only for "priority" POTWs with
known or suspected problems with
sludge use or disposal practices. This
includes most pretreatment POTWs and
POTWs that incinerate their sludge. For
the most part the limits will be based on
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existing Federal and State regulations
and guidance, often consisting of best
management practices rather than
numerical limits.
If the final Part 503 technical regulations
are less stringent than requirements
imposed during the interim period with
respect to concentration and loading
limits or management practices, the
interim period permit requirements can
be modified to the less stringent condi-
tions. This is because "anti-backsliding"
provisions of Section 402(o) of the CWA
will not apply to the Part 503 sewage
sludge use and disposal activities. It is
important to note, however, that States
could choose not to reduce the stringency
of their permit requirements because
State requirements can by law be more,
but not less, stringent than Federal
requirements.
Request for Public Comment
on Proposed Technical
Regulations
EPA encourages concerned parties to
review the proposed Part 503 technical
regulations and submit comments and
data that could help improve the
proposal. Comments are solicited on
every aspect of the regulations, including
not only the specific pollutant concentra-
tions, loading limits, and management
practices, but also such aspects as the
Sampling composted sludge for pathogen analysis. Studies show that
properly composted sludge is safe for use.
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Strip-mined land in Pennsylvania reclaimed with the use of sludge.
fundamental principles of the rule, the
carcinogenic risk levels proposed, other
human health and environmental criteria
that could be used in establishing the
pollutant limits, the risk assessment
models, the most exposed individual
(MEI) and aggregate risk analyses, the
data used in the analyses, and the
anticipated benefits and costs of the rule
as proposed.
Throughout the preamble to the proposed
regulations, issues are raised and
alternatives are discussed. Public
comment is invited on all these issues
and alternatives as well as upon
additional regulatory alternatives that
EPA may not have considered.
The following pages provide information
on where you can obtain copies of the
proposed rule, the technical support
document, the models used in
establishing the pollutant concentration
and loading limits, the aggregate effects
documents, the regulatory impact
assessment, and the interim permitting
program documents. Contact persons are
also listed, as well as information on
workshops, public hearings, and
submission of written comments.
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SOURCES OF
FURTHER
INFORMATION
Part 503 Regulations and
Support Documents
(A) Proposed Rule and Preamble
The proposed rule was printed in the
Monday, February 6, 1989, Federal
Register, Vol. 54, No. 23, pp. 5746-5902.
The proposed rule and preamble may be
obtained by contacting:
Dr. Alan Rubin
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Sludge Regulation & Mgmt. Branch
(WH-585)
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, B.C. 20460
(202) 475-7301
(B) Technical Support Documents
The following technical support
documents are available and may be
ordered from the:
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161.
ATTN: Sales
(703) 487-4650.
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Please specify PB number when
ordering.
Technical Support Document for Land
Application and Distribution and
Marketing of Sewage SludgePB 89-
136576, Cost: $42.95 (A 19, paper
copy); $6.95 (A01, microfiche).
Technical Support Document for
Landfilling of Sewage Sludge-PB 89-
136584, Cost: $15.95 (A05, paper
copy); $6.95 (A01, microfiche).
Technical Support Document for
Incineration of Sewage Sludge-PB 89-
136592, Cost: $49.95 (A22, paper
copy); $6.95 (A01, microfiche).
Technical Support Document for
Surface Disposal of Sewage Sludge--
PB 89-136600, Cost: $21.95 (A07,
paper copy); $6.95 (A01, microfiche).
Technical Support Document for
Pathogen Reduction in Sewage Sludge-
PB 89-136618, Cost: $13.95 (A03,
paper copy); $6.95 (A01, microfiche).
(C) Numerical Criteria Computational
Programs
The following numerical criteria
computational programs and programs
on IBM PC compatible disks are
available and may be ordered from the
National Technical Information Service.
Land Application/Distribution and
Marketing-RAMS Model for
Terrestrial Pathways-PB 89-138739,
Cost $55.00.
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Land Application/Distribution and
Marketing-SLAPMAN Model for
surface runoff-PB 89-138747, Cost
$55.00
Landfill (Monofill)Sludgeman
Model-PB 89-138754, Cost $60.00.
Incineration-Sludge Incineration
Model-PB 89-138762, Cost $120.00
(D) Other Support Documents
The following additional documents that
support this proposed regulation may
also be ordered from the National
Technical Information Service:
The Regulatory Impact Analysis-PB
89-136634, Cost: $42.95 (A20, paper
copy); $6.95 (A01, microfiche).
Information Collection Request
Document-PB 89-136642, Cost:
$21.95 (A06, paper copy); $6.95 (A01,
microfiche).
Human Health Risk Assessment for
Municipal Sludge Disposal; Benefit of
Alternative Regulatory Options-
(aggregate impact analysis
methodology)-PB 89-36626, Cost:
$42.95 (A 18, paper copy).
The Review of the Risk Assessment
Methodologies for Land Applica-
tion/Distribution and Marketing,
Landfilling, Incineration and Ocean
Disposal of Sewage Sludge (Science
Advisory Board report)-PB 89-
136659, Cost: $15.95 (A05, paper
copy); $6.95 (A01, microfiche).
Contact Persons for the Proposed Sludge Regulations
Activity/Technical Area
Overall Rule
Overall Rule
Land Application (LA)
Distribution & Marketing (D&M)
Computer Models for LA and D&M
Surface Disposal (Impoundments)
Monofills
Incineration
Regulatory Impact Analysis
Workshops and Public Hearing
Contact Person
William Diamond
Alan Rubin
Barbara Corcoran
Barbara Corcoran
Elvia Niebla
Norma Whetzel
Norma Whetzel
Eugene Grumpier
Debora Nicol
Robert Esworthy
Mark Morris
Phone No.
202-475-7301
202-475-7301
202-475-7332
202-475-7332
202-475-7309
202-475-7313
202-475-7313
202-475-7310
202-382-5397
202-382-5385
202-475-7312
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COMMENTS ON THE PROPOSED PART
503 SLUDGE REGULATIONS
(1) Written Comments
Written comments on the regulation
should be addressed to:
William R. Diamond
Criteria and Standards Division
(WH-585)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
These comments must be postmarked
on or before August 7,1989, the last
day of the comment period. All
comments received on the technical
sludge regulations and on all the
supporting documents (see the notice in
the February 6, 1989 Federal Register)
will become a part of the official docket.
Any unsolicited comments submitted on
unofficial drafts of the regulation and
support documents prior to the February
6, 1989 publication of the proposed
regulations will not be considered or
placed in the official docket. If you wish
to have previously submitted comments
considered and docketed, they should be
resubmitted as they would pertain to the
February 6th proposal.
Anyone wishing to inspect these
docketed comments can do so between
8:00 am and 4:00 pm, Monday through
Friday excluding legal holidays in the:
The Cumberland Turf Farm south
of Seattle uses Metro sludge.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Public Information Reference Unit
Room 2904 Waterside Mall
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
(2) Workshops and Public
Hearings
To facilitate the public comment process,
EPA has conducted two, 2-day work-
shops to discuss the technical basis of the
proposed rule and will be holding four
public hearings. Registration and infor-
mation about these public hearings may
be obtained by calling the SLUDGE
HOT LINE (FR, Vol. 54, No. 69, p.
14737, Wednesday, April 12, 1989):
V-i
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SLUDGE HOT LINE
(617) 648-7898 or
(617) 648-7899
Workshops
(1) Philadelphia, May 23-24, 1989,
Adam's Mark,City Avenue and
Monument Road, Philadelphia, PA 19131
(2) Seattle, May 31-June 1, 1989, Red
Lion Inn, 300 112th Avenue,
Bellevue, WA 98004 (suburban Seattle).
Public Hearings
(1) Washington, July 6, 1989, Holiday
Inn Capitol Hill, First Floor, 550 "C"
Street, S.W., Washington, DC 20024.
(2) Boston, July 13, 1989, John Hancock
Hall, 180 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA
02117.
(3) Chicago, July 18, 1989, Chicago
Marriott Downtown, Conference Room
8, Third Floor, 540 Michigan Avenue,
Chicago, IL 60611.
(4) San Francisco, July 20, 1989, Lone
Mountain Conference Center, University
of San Francisco, Ignatian Heights, 2800
Turk Street (between Parker and Masonic
Sts.), San Francisco, CA 94117-1080.
Contact Persons for Other Sludge Management Activities
Within EPA
Activity/Technical Area
Co-Disposal Landfilling
Ocean Disposal
National Sludge Survey:
Analytical Evaluation
Statistical Evaluation
Interim Permitting Guidance
Beneficial Sludge Use
& Sludge Management
& POTW Guidance
Contact Person
Alan Geswein
John Lishman
William Telliard
Henry Kahn
Martha Kirkpatrick
John Walker
Bob Bastian
Phone No.
202-382-4687
202-475-7177
202-382-7131
202-382-5406
202-475-9529
202-382-7283
202-382-7378
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INTERIM PERMITTING
PROGRAM DOCUMENTS
State sludge management program These materials may be obtained by
and permitting rule issued in final contacting:
form in the Federal Register on May 2,
1989 in 54 FR 18716-18796 Martha Kirkpatrick
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Draft (September 1988). Guidance for OWEP, Permits Division (EN-336)
Writing Case-by-Case Permit 401 M Street, S.W.
Requirements for Municipal Sewage Washington, D.C. 20460
Sludge
(202) 475-9529
Draft Strategy for Interim
Implementation of Sludge Require-
ments in Permits Issued to POTWs
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