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TJistricl of Cciunibia Registe
balanoa the pressure between the vehicular fuel tanx. and the
facility's gasoline storage tan):,
"(C) After each fuel delivery, placing the
vapor'return hoce on a.r, area where vehicles will not ride
orer the vapor return hose.
" (U) If'it is deaoastrated to the satisfaction
of the E-ayor, that-it is ispractical to coaply with the
provisions of subsection (d) (1) of this section, as a result
of the vehicle fill neck configuration., location, cr ether
design features of a class' of vehicles, tha provisions of
this section saj.il not apply to such vehicles. However,' in
no casa saail s-c»; c^uii^-i^ii;ion tivispt. «ia y gasoline
dispensing facility froa installing and using in the cose
effective Banner, a systcs regairfed by subsection (dj {*) of
this section.
H(5) yo person shall cause, suffer, or
allow the transfer of gasoline to any vehicular fuel utai.
froa aay stationary storage ta^h,, unless the transfer is
aade thorough a fill nozzle designed to autoaatica lly shut-1
ofi the transfer of gasoline when the vehicular fuel tanic is
full or nearly full.
"(6) No person shall cause, suffer, or
allow any addition*! transfer of gasoline to any vehicular
fuel tank froa a stationary storage tan/, after the
dispensing sy.stcn nas au tosat ically shut-off the transfer of
gasoline ijy virtue cf r;ie vehicular fuel tanX. being full oc
nearly full.
u (?) 7h-: op«i rater of a gasoline -isp-ansing
facility shall v ;i.o such actions as say ie necessary to
insure that all --arts of the systes used at the facility for
co»pliance with ".his suLStctiofi (u) ."ire aaintained in good
repair, aad to insure that ar.y person, whether attendant,
cu-sxoaer, or oth^-r, who uses the facility, docs so in
accordance with proper op*r*ting practices and otherwise in
coopliaace with the require ce DCS of this subsection (d).
For purposes of this subsection (d), "operator" aeans any
j-ftrson vho leases, operates, aanages, supervises, or
coatrols, ^ir-ctly or indirectly, d casolint dispensing
facility.«;
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APPENDIX C
STATE OF CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD -
CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR GASOLINE VAPOR
RECOVERY SYSTEMS AT SERVICE STATIONS
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METHOD
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'TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE
Test Procedures for Determining the Efficiency of
Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems at Service Stations
Adopted December 9, 1975, Amended March 30, 1976,
Amended August 9, 1978, Amended December 4, 1981.
Certification Procedures for Gasoline Vapor Recovery
Systems at Service Stations Adopted March 30, 1976,
Amended August 25, 1977, Amended August 9, 1978,
Amended December 4, 1981.
Certification and Test Procedures for Vapor Recovery
Systems at Gasoline Bulk Plants Adopted April 18, 1977,
Amended August 9, 1978.
Certification and Test Procedures for Vapor Recovery
Systems at Gasoline Terminals Adopted April 18, 1977.
Certification and Test Procedures for Vapor Recovery
Systems of Gasoline Delivery Tanks Adopted April 18, 1977,
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State of California
I AIR RESOURCES BOARD
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I Certification Procedures for Gasoline
Vapor Recovery Systems at Service Stations
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I Adopted: March 30, 1976
Amended: August 25, 1977
Amended: December 4, 1981
Note: To assist the user, the most recent amendments
to these procedures are set forth in italics.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I General Applicability 1
II. Definitions 2
III. General Standards 3
IV. Performance Standards 3
V. General Requirements Applicable to
Certification of all Control Systems 7
VI Application of Certification 11
VII. Fees and Testing 13
VIII. Certification 14
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State of California
I AIR RESOURCES BOARD
I Certification Procedures for Gasoline
Vapor Recovery Systems at Service Stations
I. General Applicability
I These certification procedures are adopted pursuant to Section 41954
of the Health and Safety Code and are applicable to vapor recovery
I systems installed at gasoline service stations for controlling gaso-
«» line vapors emitted during the filling of storage tanks (Phase I)
and vehicle fuel tanks (Phase II). Vapor recovery systems are complete
systems and shall include all necessary piping, nozzles, couplers,
processing units, underground tanks and any other equipment necessary
I for the control of gasoline vapors during fueling operations at
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_ service stations.
The certification procedures are not intended to be used to certify
| individual system components. For systems which are identical in
« design and include the same components as systems tested and certified,
but differ, primarily in size, the manufacturer may demonstrate com-
I pliance capability and obtain certification by submitting engineering
and test data demonstrating the relationship between capacity and
throughput of each component whose performance is a function of
throughput.
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II. Definitions
| A. Vapor-balance or displacement vapor recovery system - A
_ gasoline vapor control system which uses direct displacement
to force vapors into the underground tank (or bulk delivery
tank) to prevent the emission of displaced vapors to the
atmosphere during Phase I and/or Phase II operations.
* B. Vacuum-assisted or vacuum-assisted secondary system - A
gasoline vapor control system, which employs a pump, blower,
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or other vacuum inducing devices, to collect and/or process
I vapors generated during vehicle fueling (Phase II) operations,
I C. Phase I - Control of vapors from underground tank fueling
operations.
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D. Phase II - Control of vapors from vehicle fueling operations.
E. Automatic Nozzle -
I betRg-NdRd-heJdr A hose nozzle valve provided with automatic
closing features to safeguard its use.
F. On-Stream Efficiency Factor - That factor which indicates the
I fraction of time that the vapor recovery system is operating
as the system was designed to operate.
On-Stream Efficiency Factor = s - d
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Where s - System Time, Hours
*d = System Downtime, Hours
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G. System Time - Hours that the system needs to be capable of
controlling vapor emissions. For the 90-day reliability
test period, this would be 2160 hours (24 hours per day x
90 days).
H. System Down-Time - The time (in hours) that the vapor recovery
system is not operating as designed.
I. Spitback - A loss of more than one milliliter of liquid gasoline
occurring during the dispensing of gasoline into the vehicle
fuel tank.
J. Spillage - A loss of more than one milliliter of liquid gasoline
from the gasoline nozzle occurring as a result of preparing to
fuel a vehicle or at the end of a fueling operation in returning
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the nozzle to the dispenser.
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III. General Standards
A. Certification of a system by the California Air Resources Board
does not exempt the system from compliance with other applicable
codes and regulations such as fire, weights and measures, and
safety codes.
B. Phase II systems must be capable of fueling, without the use of
nozzle spout extenders, any motor vehicle that may be fueled at
service stations not equipped with vapor recovery systems.
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IV. Performance Standards
I A. The system shall complete an operational test of at least
90 days. During the test, replacement of components or
J alteration of the control system is not allowed, except that
the Executive Officer may allow replacement or alteration of
a component if the component has been damaged due to an
accident or vandalism and if he/she determines that the
replacement or alteration would not affect the operational
I v, test results. No maintenance or adjustment to the system
will be allowed during the certification test unless such
action is specifically called for in the system's maintenance
manual. The control system will be sealed in such a manner
that unauthorized maintenance or adjustment may be detected.
I Maintenance or adjustment is to be performed only after
notification of the person in charge of the testing, except
| in case of an emergency. Unauthorized maintenance or adjust-
« merit may be reason for immediate failure of the test.
A system component submitted to the Executive Officer for
evaluation subsequent to July 1, 1977, may be subjected to
j a shorter operational test, if the Executive Officer determines
that the reliability of the component may be adequately
I demonstrated in a period shorter than 90 days.
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B. The system shall prevent emission to the atmosphere of at
| least 90 percent or that percentage by weight of the gasoline
vapors displaced during the filling of the stationary storage
tank as required by applicable air pollution control district
rules and regulations. The percentages of control shall be
determined as described in Section 2.0 of the "Test Procedures
| for Determining the Efficiency of Gasoline Vapor Recovery
M Systems at Service Stations" as incorporated in Title 17,
subehapteF-8, Section 94000, California Administrative Code.
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C. The system shall prevent emission to the atmosphere of an
average of at least 90 percent or that percentage by weight
of the gasoline vapors displaced during the filling of the
vehicle fuel tanks as required by applicable air pollution
control district rules and regulations. The specified
I percentage of control shall be determined by multiplying
m the on-stream efficiency factor (definition F, Section II)
by the efficiency of the system as determined by testing
I in accordance with the procedures in Section 3.0 of the "Test
Procedures for Determining the Efficiency of Gasoline Vapor
| Recovery Systems at Service Stations" as incorporated in
Title 17, Ghaptep-l-;-5«behaptef-8, Section 94000 of the
California Administrative Code.
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D. No more than ten spitbacks or twenty instances of spillage
per. 100 vehicle fuelinge shall occur during the testing in
accordance with the procedures in Section 3.0 of the "Teat
Procedures for Determining the Efficiency of Gasoline Vapor
Recovery Systems at Service Stations" as incorporated in
Title 17, Section 04000 of the California Administrative
ice with
Section 3 of the Test Procedures referred to above,, failure
mode testing, evaluation of reliability arid durability of
the system, and such other performance testina as the
Executive Officer deems necessary.
E. -9r Prior to Air Resources Board certification of the vapor
recovery system, plans and specifications for the intended
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generic system shall be submitted to the State Fire Marshal's
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Office for review to determine whether the system creates a
m hazardous condition or is contrary to adopted fire safety
regulations. Final determination by the State Fire Marshal
may be contingent upon a review of each pilot installation
of the proposed system. Compliance with the State Fire
Marshal's requirements shall be a precondition to certifi-
m cation by the Air Resources Board.
'* F.-ET Prior to Air Resources Board certification, the system shall
be submitted for type approval to the California Department
of Food and Agriculture, Division of Measurement Standards
and certified by such Division. Only those systems meeting
the requirements of the California Business and Professions
Code and the California Administrative Code will be issued
certificates of approval by the Division of Measurement
Standards; such certification shall be a precondition to
certification by the Air Resources Board. Certification
I testing by Measurement Standards and the Air Resources Board
may be conducted concurrently.
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G.-FT Prior to certification of the system, the manufacturer of
the system shall submit the system to the California
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Cal OSHA)
for determining compliance with appropriate safety regulations.
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This may be conducted concurrently with certification testing
by. the Air Resources Board. Compliance with Cal OSHA require-
ments shall be a precondition to certification by the Air
Resources Board.
V. General Requirements Applicable to Certification of all Control Systems
A. An operating and required maintenance manual shall be submitted
to the Executive Officer for each gasoline vapor control system
submitted for certification. The operating manual shall, as a
minimum, contain:
1. Identification of critical operating parameters affecting
system operation, e.g., maximum dispensing rates; liquid
to vapor flow rate ratios; pressures; etc. The operating
range of these parameters associated with normal, in-
compliance operation of the control system shall be
identified. These operating data shall be determined
and/or verified during the performance test of the system.
2. Identification of specific maintenance requirements
and maintenance schedules necessary to ensure on-going
operation in compliance with the applicable standards.
Maintenance requirements shall be clearly identified
as being capable of performance by the operator, or
as requiring authorized service only. Operating
manuals shall provide clear instruction on operator
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maintenance and shall provide clear warnings against
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unauthorized service. Maintenance schedules shall, at
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a minimum, reflect the life of individual components
such as regulators, compressors, nozzles, pressure
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vacuum valves, catalysts, combustor components, etc.
Systems requiring maintenance which the Executive
Officer finds unreasonable will be disapproved.
^ 3. Identification of system components for each control system
4, certified. Components shall, as applicable, be identified
I by brand name, part number, and/or performance characteris-
tics. The identification shall be sufficiently clear so as
I to allow determination of comparability between tested and
_ untested models, and/or to allow determination of the
adequacy of replacement parts.
I 4. A warranty statement which complies with the requirements of
Paragraph V. C. herein.
B. Indicating gauges, or alarms, or detection devices, or combination
thereof, shall be included in each control system as required to
enable monitoring of the critical system operation parameters.
The gauges and alarms shall serve to alert and warn the gasoline
service station owner or operator with an audible signal or
warning light when the gasoline vapor control system is mal-
| functioning. Such gauges and alarms shall, as applicable,
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Include temperature and pressure indicators, pass/fail hydro-
carbon detectors, etc. These shall indicate the performance
Of critical components such as compressors, carbon canisters,
etc. Specific examples of necessary devices are: temperature
indicators installed in control systems which utilize refrigera-
tion as a control technique; pressure indicators installed in
control systems which utilize compression as a control technique;
hydrocarbon breakthrough detectors installed in control systems
which utilize carbon adsorption or flexible bladders or seals as
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a control technique, and pressure differential indicators on
vapor return lines to detect liquid blockage of the lines.
C. The manufacturer of the vapor recovery system shall provide a
three-year warranty for the system. An exception to the
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warranty may be for those components of the system which the
maintenance manual identifies as having expected useful lives
of less than three years; the warranty in these cases may
specify the expected life.
* The manufacturer of each vapor recovery system shall warrant
in writing to the ultimate purchaser and each subsequent
purchaser that such vapor recovery system is:
I 1. Designed, built, and equipped so as to conform at the
time of sale with the applicable regulations; and
2. Free from defects in materials and workmanship which
cause such vapor recovery system to fail to conform
with applicable regulations for three years.
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D. The adequacy of methods of distribution, replacement parts
program, the financial responsibility of the applicant, and
other factors affecting the economic interests of the system
purchaser shall be evaluated by the Executive Officer and
determined by him or her to be satisfactory to protect the
purchaser. A determination of financial responsibility by
the Executive Officer shall not be deemed to be a guarantee
or endorsement of the applicant.
E. The Executive Officer shall certify only those systems which,
on the basis of an engineering evaluation of the system design
and component quality, can be expected to perform with reasonable
durability and reliability over the three-year warranty period
specified in Paragraph V.C. herein.
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F. Whenever these Certification Procedures are amended to include
additional performance standards or other requirements for
certification of systems, any system which is certified as
of the effective date of the additional standards or require-
ments shall remain certified for a period of six months from
such date, or until the Executive Officer has determined
whether the system conforms to the additional standards or
requirements, whichever occurs first. However, if during
this period the system manufacturer does not comply with
such conditions ae the Executive Officer deems necessary to
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assure prompt evaluation of the system pursuant to the
additional standards or requirements, the Executive Officer
may revoke the prior certification.
In determining whether a previously certified system
conforms with any additional performance standards or
other requirements adopted subsequent to certification
gj of the system, the Executive Officer may consider any
_ appropriate data obtained in the previous certification
v* testing or evaluation of the system in lieu of new
I testing or evaluation.
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VI. Application for Certification
A. An application for certification of a vapor recovery system
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(Phase I or Phase II) may be made to the Air Resources Board
by any manufacturer. Certification will be granted to any
applicant meeting the applicable standards and criteria.
B. The application shall be in writing, signed by an authorized
I representative of the manufacturer, and shall include the
following:
I 1. A detailed description of the configuration of the vapor
recovery system including but not limited to the following:
a. The underground piping configuration and specifications
(pipe sizes, lengths, fittings, material(s), etc.);
b. Gasoline dispensing nozzle to be used for Phase II;
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c. Engineering parameters for pimps and vapor processing
I units to be used as part of the vapor recovery
_ system; and
. d. Allowable pressure drops through the system.
I - 2. Evidence demonstrafing the vapor recovery reliability of
the system or device for 90 days;
3. A description of tests performed to ascertain compliance
with the general standards, and the results of such tests;
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I 4. A statement of recommended maintenance procedures, equipment
_ performance checkout procedures, and equipment necessary to
assure that the vapor recovery system, in operation, conforms
I to the regulations, plus a description of the program for
training personnel for such maintenance, and the proposed
replacement parts program;
5. Six copies of the service and operating manuals that will be
supplied to the purchaser;
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6. A statement that a vapor recovery system, installed at an
operating facility, will be available for certification
testing no later than one month after submission of the
I ' application for certification. The facility submitted for
certification testing shall have a minimum throughput of
100,000 gallons per month and shall include at least six
nozzles of each type submitted for approval. There shall
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8. A copy of the warranty or warranties provided with the
system;
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not be more than two types of nozzles at any one test
facility.
M 7. The retail price of the system and an estimate of the
installation and yearly maintenance" costs;
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9. If the application is for a system previously tested, but
v> not certified, the application shall include identification
of the system components which have been changed; including
all new physical and operational characteristics; together
I with any new test results obtained by the applicant; and
10. Sueh other information as the Executive Officer may
reasonably require.
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_ VII. Fees and Testing
A. A fee not to exceed the actual cost of certification will be
charged by the Air Resources Board to each applicant submitting
system(s) for certification. The applicant is required to
I demonstrate ability to pay the cost of testing prior to certi-
fication testing. This may take the form of posting a bond of
not less than $20,000. A resolution of certification of the
system will not be issued until the test fee has been paid in
full to the Air Resources Board.
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B. Testing may be conducted by an independent contractor under
I ^ contract to the Air Resources Board. The contractor will be
responsible solely to the Air Resources Board for the conduct
of the certification test and the test results.
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VIII. Certification
I A. If the Executive Officer determines that a vapor recovery system
conforms to all requirements set forth in paragraphs I through VII
t herein, he or she shall issue an order of certification. The
order may prescribe the conditions for issuance of the certifica-
tion including but not limited to: .a minimum allowable on-stream
factor, maximum allowable monthly throughput, installation
constraints, operating parameters, compliance with safety codes
and regulations, compliance with measurement standards regulations,
and approval for use at self-service stations or at only attendant-
serve stations.
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B. If after certification of a system the manufacturer wishes to
modify the system, the proposed modifications must be submitted
to the Executive Officer in a format specified by the Executive
I Officer for approval prior to their implementation. Such
modifications may include substitution of components, elimina-
I tion of components and modification of the system configuration.
No person shall install or operate a system which is different
in any significant respect from the system certified by the
I Air Resouces Board.
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C. If after certification of a system, the Executive Officer
I finds the system to no longer meet the specified certifica-
tion specifications, the Executive Officer may, as appropriate,
| revoke or modify his or her prior certification. Except in
_ cases where the public safety requires immediate protection,
the Executive Officer shall not revoke or modify a prior
certification without the manufacturer's consent uViless the
Executive Officer conducts a public hearing. The manufacturer
i shall be notified of the public hearing in writing and the
notification shall be given so as to be received by the
I manufacturer at least ten days before the hearing date.
I D. Any manufacturer of a system shall, as a condition of certi-
fication of the system by the Air Resources Board, agree that
so long as only one such system is certified by the Air Resources
Board, such manufacturer shall either: (1) agree to enter into
such cross-licensing or other agreements as the Executive Officer
I determines are necessary to ensure adequate competition among
manufacturers of such systems to protect the public interest;
and (2) agree as a condition to such certification that if only
j such system from one manufacturer is made available for sale
to the public, the Executive Officer shall, taking into considera-
I tion the cost of manufacturing the system and the manufacturer's
suggested retail price, and in order to protect the public
| interest, determine the fair and reasonable retail price of
_ such system, and may require, as a condition to continued
* certification of such system, that the retail price not exceed
I the retail price determined by the Executive Officer.
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METHOD 2-1
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State of California
AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Test Procedures for Determining the Efficiency of
Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems at Service Stations
Note:
Adopted: December 9, 1975
Amended: March 30, 1976
Amended: December 4, 1981
To assist the user, the most recent amendments to these
procedures are set forth in italics. Revisions have
been made to Section 1. Introduction only. The remaining
sections of the test procedures are unchanged.
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State of Cal i fornia
AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Test Procedures for Determining the Efficiency of
Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems at Service Stations
1. Introduction
The following test procedures are for determining the efficiency of
vapor recovery systems (Sections 2 and 3) for controlling gasoline
vapors emitted during the filling of storage tanks and vehicle fuel
tanks.
The test procedures for determining the efficiency of systems for
controlling gasoline vapors displaced during filling of underground
storage tanks requires determination of the weight of gasoline
vapors vented through the storage tank vent and the volume of
gasoline dispensed. The percentage effectiveness of control is
then calculated from these values.
The test procedures for determining the efficiency of systems to
control gasoline vapors displaced during vehicle fueling requires
that the weight of vapors collected at the vehicle, corrected for
vent losses, be compared to the potential mass emission calculated
for that vehicle. A standard test sample of the vehicle population
1s to be tested and an average efficiency calculated.
The potenti?1 mass emissions are determined during the fueling of
vehicles by measuring the mass of hydrocarbons collected from
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vehicles from which no leak occurred. Potential emissions are .
expressed as a function of the vapor pressures of the dispensed
fuel, the temperature of the dispensed fuel and the temperature
of the gasoline in the test vehicle tank. This relationship is
used as the baseline or reference from which the efficiency of
I a vehicle fueling vapor control system is evaluated.
| The sample of vehicles to be used for testing control systems shall
m be comprised of vehicles representative of the on-the-road vehicle
% population in terms of vehicle miles travelled. 9yfifl§--tfie-vet:He4e
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The test will be conducted during the normal operation of the service
station. For vehicle fueling at a self-service station, ihe customers
shall fuel the vehicles; at a full-service station, the service
station attendant shall fuel the vehicles during the test period.
No more than 30 days prior to the 100 vehicle efficiency test, the
entire vapor recovery system is to be tested for leaks in accordance
m with the criteria specified in Title 19 Chapter 1 Subchapter 11.5
Section 1918.35 (j) and 1918.56 (j), in the State Fire Marshal's regu-
lations, in addition the total ullage space shall not be more than
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the- Exee«t4 ve- Off 4 eef- determines- 4 HE pease s-t^e-qwaR-tHy-ef- 4 4 qy4
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6,000 gallons. During the performance test, maintenance, adjustment,
replacement of components or other such alteration of the control
system is not allowed unless such action is specifically called
for in the system's maintenance manual. Any such alteration shall
be recorded on the day on which the alteration was performed. During
the testing, the control system will be sealed in such a manner that
unauthorized maintenance may be detected. Maintenance is to be
performed only after notification of the person in charge of the testing
except in case of an emergency. Unauthorized maintenance may be
reason for immediate failure of the test.
I For systems which are Identical in design and include the same
components as systems tested and found to comply with the test
| procedures, but differ, primarily 1n size, the owner or vendor may
_ demonstrate compliance capability and obtain approval by submitting
engineering and/or test data demonstrating the relationship between
capacity and throughput of each component whose performance is a
function of throughput. Examples of such components include: blowers,
catalyst, carbon or other adsorbant, compressors, heat exchangers,
combustors, piping, etc.
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2. Undergroung Tank Fueling Test Procedure (Phase I Systems)
2.1 Principle and Applicability
(a) Principle. During a fuel delivery, the volume of qasohnp
delivered from the tank truck to the underground tank
is recorded *nd the concentration of gasoline vapor
returning to the tank truck is neasured. The weight of
gasoline vapor discharged from the vent of the underground
tank and, if applicable, from the vent of the vacuum
assisted secondary processing unit during the same period
is determined. The efficiency of control is calculated
from these determinations.
(b) Applicability. The method is apo! i cable to .ill LcintnM
'.vslt'i'1. wliuh have a vapor lint' (i-inn t n i fhf nnd'^i -
ground tai.k to the tank truck.
2.2 Apparatus
(a) For each vent, including restricted vents and vents of an/
processinq units, a positive displacement meter, with a
capacity of 3,000 5CFH, a pressure drop of no more them
0.05 inches of water at an air flow of 30 SCFH, and equipped
with .in automatic data gathering <;yotem th^f csn di ff^rpr.tiat'
direction of flow and records volume vented in such a '.anner
thot this data can be correlated with similtanoousI/ T-corded
tration dotd. A nwnifuld for mcti-r outlet
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with t.ips for an HC analyzer, a thermocouple; and a
pressure sensor is to be used with the positive displacement
meter.
(b) Coupling for the vent vapor line to connect the 'jas meter.
Coupling to be sized for a minimum pressure drop.
(c) Coupling for the vent of the racuum assisted secondary
processing unit to connect the qar, meter. Coupling to be
sized so as to create no significant additional pressure
drop on the system.
(d) Coupling for tank truck vapor return line with thermo-
couple, manometer* and HC analyzer taps. Coupling to be
the same diameter as the vapor return line.
(e) Coupling for tank truck fuel drop line with thermocouple
tap. Coupling to be the same diameter as the fuel line.
(f) Two (I) hydrocarbon analyzers (Til) or ARU approved equivalent)
with recorders and with a capability of measuring total
gasoline vapor concentration of 100 percent as propane.
Both analyzers to he of samp make and model.
(g) Threo (3) flexible thenncouples or thermistor1; (0-lr>r'T)
with a recorder system.
(h) Explosimeter
(i) Barometer
(j) Three manometers or other pressure sensing devices capable
of measuring zero to ten inches of water.
(k) Thermometer
* The use of the word thermocouple is to imply temperature
sensing device throughout this procedure.
* The use of the word manometer 1s to imply pressure sensiny
device throughout this procedure.
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2 . J ^rn(
(<0 The tP'.t for un.lerqround fuelinn will ho i undue tec! undci ,
as closely as feasible, normal conditions roi the station
Normal conditions will includr delivery t ire ,vid 'fation
operatinn conditions.
(b) Connect manifold to outlet of positive displacement meter
and resulting to system vent of underground tank using the
coupler or if the vent has a restriction, remove the restriction
and connect the coupler, manifold and the meter system to
the vent and connect restrictor to manifold outlet. If
appropriate, connect another manifold and meter
to thp vent of the vacuum assisted secondary processino
unit, or, if appropriate use E.P.A. r. t.ick 'jn.plimi techniques.
If the system uses an incinerator to control emissions,
use the test procedures set forth in Section 3.6.
(c) Connect the HC analyser with recorder, thpmnrnunl" and
nunoinetei to the vent manifold. Calibrate the muip, 'unt in
accordance with Section 3.3.
(d) Connect the- couplers to the tank truck furl md vo;io'-
rt't ur-n 1 i m^s.
(c) Connect an HC analyzer with a recor^r, ,1 i.'nonet; r oi irruin
line. Connect thermocouple to the t>i > on fe coupler on
the fuel line.
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(f) Connect tank truck fuel and vapor return lines to appropriate
underground tank lines in accordance with written procedure
for the system.
(i|) Chrck tlv tank truck and all vapor return line connections
for a tight seal before and during the test with the
explosimeter.
(h) Record the initial reading of gas meter(s).
(i) Start fueling of the underground tank in accordance with
manufacturers' established normal procedure.
(j) Hydrocarbon concentrations, temperature and pressure
measurements should be recorded using strlochart recorders
within the first 15 seconds of the unloading period. The
ijas niptrr reading 1s to be taken .it 120 second intervals.
(k) Record at the start and the end of the tost barometric
pressure and ambient temperature.
(1) At the end of the drop, disconnect the tank truck from the
underground tank 1n accordance with manufacturers' instructions
(nornal procedure). LPOVP the underground tank vent in-
strumentation 1n place.
(m) Continue recording hydrocarbon concentrations, temperatures,
pressure and gas meter readings at the underground tank vent
and/or the exhaust of any processing unit at 20-m1nute
intervals. Do this for one hour for balance systems and
until the system returns to normal conditions as specified
by the manufacturer for secondary systems.
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(n) Disconnect instrumentation from the vent(<0.
(o) Record vulumi.- nf <;aso11ne that ir, dplwrrrd.
(p) Record fin.il rCddinq of qas meter.
2.4 Calculations
(a) Volume of qos discharged through "i th" vent. This
includes underground tank vent and any control system
vent.
V X 52° X
V - VI ,. ."
vvsi ' T~X 29.92
^vsi " Volume of qas discharged through "i th" vent,
corrected to 60°F and 29.92 in. Hq; Ft3.
P() - BaroiuetrK Pressure, in. llg.
vi = Volume of gas recorded by meter on "i th" vent,
corrected for amount of vapor reeved for t'v.
hydi oc.irbnn analysis, Ft .
^vi = Average tenperature 1n "i th" vent line,
1 . - The vent under consideration
(b) Volume nf qa; returned to the tank truck.
0.1337fit (520 X [Pb * AH])
Vt = rt X 29.92
Where:
Vt ~ Volume of qas returned to the tank truck at
6CTF and 29.92 in. Hg; Ft3.
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J Gt Volume of gasoline delivered, qal.
I AH = Final nauqe pressure of tank truck; in. Hq.
M ^t a Average temperature of qas returned to tank
truck, °R.
''b = Barometric pressure, in. Hg.
0.1117» Conversion factor gallons to Ft .
| (c) Collection efficiency
_ Vt X Ct X 100
I E =
(Vt X Ct ) + E[Cv1 X Vysi]
Where E- is the efficiency of control in percent.
I V» = Form (b) ohnve
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The average fractional volume concentration
of gasoline vapor in the return line to the truck as
determined by the hydrocarbon analyzer, decimal fraction.
^vsi = From (n) above.
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The average fractional volume concentration of gasoline
vapors in the "i th" vent as determined by the hydrocarbon
analyzer, decimal fraction.
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3. Vehicle Fueling Test Procedure
3.1 Principle and Applicability
3.1.1 Principle. Tests are conducted on a sample of vehicles
reprysentati/f o1 the vehicle population to determine
the weiqht of gasoline vapor returned to the underground
tank and the weight of vapor lost through any vents in
the system. B.isMine data (the weight of gasoline vapor
displaced per gallon of gasoline dispensed for given
temperatures of the gasoline 1n the vehicle tank and the
dispensed gasoline, and given vapor pressure of the
dispensed gasoline) are determined from vehicles from
which no significant leaks occurred during fueling. The
efficiency of the vapor recovery system is then cal-
culated by comparing the amount of vacor returned during
fueling, corrected for vent losses, to the baseline data.
3.1.2 Applicability. The method is applicable to all control
systems in which vapors are returned from the vehicle
tank to the underground tank or disposal system throuah
a vapor 1i ne.
3.2 Determination of Gasoline Vapor Transferred to Undeiground Tank
and Discharged through Vent of Underground Tank and Control
System During Vehicle Fueling.
3.2.1 Apparatus
(a) Positive displacement meter with a capacity of
3000 SCFH and a pressure drop of no more than 0.05
inches water at 30 SCFH. If testim. is to he
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conducted concurrently at ntore than one pump an
additional positive-displacement meter will be
required for each additional oumo. The positive
displacement meter must be calibrated at 10, 30,
50, 60, 90, 120, 180, 300, and 3000 SCFH.
(b) A manifold, for connection to the nozzle vapor line
at the nozzle, with ports for a thermocouple, a
pressure sensor, and HC analyzer sample line. A
manifold, for connection to the nozzle gasoline line
at the nozzle, with a tap for a thermocouple. A set
of these manifold will be required for each pump to
be included In the test.
(c) A modified nozzle (of the type to be tested) with a
1/8 inch copper tube as a pressure tap, The tube
enters through the nozzle body into the dispensing
spout and exits through the wall of the dispensing
spout about two Inches from the end of the spout.
The pressure tap Is connected to the pressure trans-
ducer with 1/8 Inch teflon tubing.
(d) A manifold for the inlet to the positive displacement
meter with taps for a thermocouple and a pressure
transducer.
(e) A manifold for the outlet of the positive displacement
meter. The manifold will have a one inch I.D. valve
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for closing off flow to the vapor return line.
Between the valve and positive displacement meter
will be a 1/4 Inch or 3/8 Inch tap for rr,-meeting
the flow system for pressurizing the vehicle fill
neck for the leak rate check.
(f) The pressure system for conducting the pre-fueling
leak rate check consists of a nitrogen bottle (2000
psig), commercial grade, a control valve for regulat-
ing the bottle pressure to 1 osig, a needle valve,
two Magnehelic gauges (0 - 30 and 0 - 10 inches
water) for determining the pressure upstream and
downstream of the needle valve, and a dry gas meter
(175 SCFH), alternately an adequate flowmeter, a
device for ensuring a tight seal with the vehicle
fill-pipe, and a hose for supplying pressure to the
vehicle tank. The device (see Figure 3) is to have
a tap for allowing monitoring of the pressure in the
fill-pipe during the leak check.
(y) The pressure system for conducting the post-fuelinu
leak rate check consists of a nitrogen bottle (2000
psig), connerclal grade, a control valve for regulat-
ing the bottle pressure to 1 psin, a needle valve, two
Magnehelic gauges (0 - 30 and 0 - 10 inches water)
for determining pressure upstream and downstream of
the needle valve, and a dry gas meter (175 SCFH),
alternately an adequate flowmeter.
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(h) A positive displacement meter, with a capacity of
I
3000 SCFH, a pressure drop of no more than 0.05
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(j) Two pressure transducers (*_ .5 psi) with recorder
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inches at 30 SCFH, and equipped with automatic data
gathering system that can differentiate direction of
flow and records volume vented in such a manner that
this data can be correlated with simultaneously
recorded HC data. A manifold with taps for an HC
analyzer, a thermocouple, and a pressure sensor is
to be used with the positive displacement meter.
Such a system 1s required for each vent of the
station unless the vents can be manifolded together
without affectiny the vapor recovery system operation.
If the underground tanks are vented separately then
only the vent(s) of the underground tank for the grade
of gasoline used during the test is (are) required
to be Instrumented.
(i) Four flexible thermocouples or thermistors (0 - 150°F)
with recorders.
(k) Two HC analyzers (FID or ARB approved equivalent)
with recorders and with a capability of measuring
gasoline vapor concentrations of 100 percent as
propane.
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14
It is suggested that the recorder for the HC
analyzer to be used at the vent manifold be equipped
with an event marker that will record when out-
breathing occurs on the HC strip chart. If not, then
periodic readings of the dry gas meter will be required
and the time of the readings must he noted on the HC
strip chart.
(1) Barometer.
(in) Thermometer.
(n) Explosimeter.
(o) Containers for RVP samples.
(p) Apoaratus for determining RVP by ASTM test method
0323-72, and/or apparatus for determining RVP by
the Chevron Research Corporation's micro-technique.
I (q) Flexible thermocouple (0 - 150°F) or type for deter-
mining vehicle tank temperatures with system to ensu
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15
to the manifold on the gasoline 1nlpt side of the
nozzle. Connect pressure transducer line to the
nozzle pressure tube.
* (b) Connect the appropriate inlet manifold to the inlet
~ of the positive-displacement meter and connect a
thermocouple and pressure transducer to the Inlet
manifold. Connect the appropriate outlet manifold
to the outlet of the positive-displacement meter
and connect the leak-rate pressure line to the
outlet manifold. For a balance system, connect a
one-inch polypropylene line from the outlet manifold
on the vapor return side of the nozzle to the inlet
manifold of the positive-displacement meter, and
I connect a one-Inch polypropylene line from the
I outlet of the one-Inch valve downstream of the meter
to the underground vapor recovery line. (System
ft should be arranged so that pressure drop through the
system 1s approximately the same with measuring devices
connected as when system 1s operated normally.)
(c) Connect the manifold with dry gas meter, thermocouple,
and HC analyzer to the vent of the underground tank.
I If the vents cannot be manifolded together, when a
vacuum-assisted system is being tested, connect
similar Instrumentation to the vent of the qasollne
vapor control system. When an incinerator is used
to process gasoline vapors, install the positive
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16
displacement meter and manifold into the line to the
incinerator. Connect HC analyzer, thprmocouple , and
pressure sensor to manifold tdp<;
(d) Assemble apparatus for conducting leak check of
vehicle fuel tank. Connect 3/8 inch pressure supply
hose and pressure sensor to leak check device. Connect
supply hose to needle valve and pressure sensors
upstream and downstream of needle valve. Connect
regulator to bottle of nitrogen and exhaust of
regulator by 3/8 Inch line to the needle valve.
(e) Calibrate all Instruments according to their manu-
facturers operating manuals for soans approoriate to
the test requirements (Section 3.3). Calibrate the
instruments at least at the start and end of the
day's testing.
(f) Record the ambient barofnetric pressure and temperature
after each vehicle test.
(g) Take five samples of gasoline from the underground
tank in accordance with ASTM Method 0270-65 and
determine their RVP by ASTM test Method D323-72 or
the Chevron micro-technique. Repeat aftor each fuel
delivery to the underground tank.
(h) At the start and end of the test da/, record the
liquid volume readings on each gasoline pump at the
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17
service station, lor systems js mi a t or ,
record the meter reading of the positive-displacement
meter Installed in the vapor line to th- incinerator.
(i) At the start and end of the test period, record the
positive-displacement vapor meter readings of the
meters In the vents. Monitoring of vent emissions
shall be 24 hours per day.
3.2.2.1 Leak Check of vehicle fuel tanks to be done prior
to vehicle tests is described below.
(a) Connect device for determining vehicle tank
leak rate to vehicle fill-pipe.
(b) Open main valve on the nitrogen supply bottle
and adjust the needle valve until the
pressure in the fill neck reaches one half
(1/2) Inch water (gauge) and is stable.
(c) Determine the rate at which vapor is IraHnq
by either timing a volume of 0.1 ft.3 or by
selecting a time period of 15 seconds, which-
ever results is a smaller volume being trans-
ferred to the vehicle tank. Record readings.
If a stable pressure cannot be maintained
due to too large a leak, note this.
(d) Remove device from ti-" vehicle fi'1-piue and
proceed with the procedures as described in
Section 3.2.2.2.
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18
(e) If a leak-rate greater than 0.01 cfrn is
determined the vehicle "iay not be a base-
line vehicle and M^ post tjHinj I oil-
check need not be conducted.
3.2.2.2 Tl-p following steps arp for perfoinnny the
Individual vehicle tests.
(a) All dispensing from any nozzle not being
tested, but connected to the same vapo--
return line as the test nozzle, must be done
carefully by a service station attendant and
not be a self-service customer. This
procedure applies reqardlp^s of the node of
operation used dunrtj the "j')-^'/ r>> h a*, i 1 i t_y
pei i od. Even 1 f CP>'' '' ' cjf i on i ' e 1i i
sought for a total'.v ra'-^V dr.! ;>-.<-:". ''"'
is to be used in 'he v'<-:>< i'" "'odr>, .1 li
dispensing during the '3')--.ar -^ t, r^t^p"
dispensing which is done with the test"
nozzle, must be done v°rv care^'i1' by -"'.n
attendant.
(b) For each vehicle test°d insert a thermorounIe
into the vehicle tank, ensjro thnrmocoju'e
comes in contact with t^e hou'^, al'ow
i
sufficient time for tho instiument to sfabili/
jnd record the initial tcifpersi t urn nf o;^ol'"^
m its fuel tank.
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19
(c) Instruct station attendant or self-service
customer to connect nozzle. Note the type
of fH obtained and note the make, model and
year of vehicle being tested. The note on
the type of fit ohtainrd should include:
1) whether or not th? nozzle could bo
latched,
2) problems encountered when Inserting the
nozzle, and
3) whether or not the nozzle was hand-held.
(d) Record the initial positive-displacement
meter reading, turn chart recorders on, and
verify operation of sensors. Set HC sample
flowrate to approximately 500 cubic centimeters
per minute.
(e) Instruct station attendant or self-service
customer to start fueling vehicle at the
maximum desired automatic flow-rate. Record
the setting.
(f) Indicate on charts and/or other data printouts
the point at which fueling commences.
(g) Record the dispensed liquid and returned
vapor temperatures and rpcord the positive-
displacement meter readings at five gallon
intervals. Indicate on the chart recordings
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20
the point at which each five gallon
is passed. Take background explosimeter
reading.
Use exploslmeter to detect any leaks at
the nozzle-f 11 Inec* interface ('Jarn
Dec son dispensing gasol'np that an explosi-
meter w|i 11 be used and this is not to affect
I
the person's normal mode of operation.)
(h) Indicat^ on the chart recordings the point
at which fueling is terminated. Need a
minimum of four gallons of fue/ dispensed for
an acceptable test Thi<; i - ro n"-> ' '< ' ', ''?
cecord the total gallons discerned and tho
final positive-displacement meter readings.
Note any incidents of "spi tbaci-;" Or spill:<
Note the combustible gas detector readings.
Instruct station attendant or ;:'i <_? J \~r
L'jr,tomer not to di'.turb the no/t'i.1
J.2.2.J The post-fueling leak rate chrr.k is not ^o fi--1
conducted for vacuum assisted :,ySt"m; rt'TS
(a) through (e) are for leak rate c>e<> *or
displacement systems.
(a) Close the valve In the vapor return line
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under test so that the vapor return line is
closed to gas flow. (Be sure HC analyzer
sample pump has been turned off.)
(b) Open the main valve on the nitrogen supply
bottle and adjust the needle valve until the
pressure in the fillneck is at the desired
level and is stable. It is suggested that
the leak rate be determined at three fillneck
pressures, one point below the average pressure
experienced during fueling, one at average
pressure and one above average pressure.
(c) Determine the rate at which vapor is leaking
by timing a convenient volume (suggest a
minimum of 0.1 ft.3 or 15 seconds). Mark
H the chart pressure trace at the start and
finish of each timed interval. Record the
time and volume. Repeat for each pressure
setting. If a stable pressure cannot be
I maintained due to too small a leak (probably
through vehicle's evaporative emission control
I. system) so note. If the pressure experienced
during the fueling cannot be obtained because
' the leak is too large, note this also.
(d) Remove the nozzle from the vehicle fillneck
and replace on the gasoline Dump. Purge HC
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analyzer system and zero pressure transducers.
Open the valve \r\ the vapor return line.
(e) veasure the final temperature of the gasoline
in the vehicle tank
3.2.2.4 Continue tests for the test sample The san.ple
shall be statistically representative of the
vehicle population, weighted according to vehicle
miles travelled (Section 3.4).
(a) The vehicle population is to meet the specified
vehicle matrix within three vehicles. The
test vehicles are to be selected on a first-'n-
first tested basis. The exception to this n
when a vehicle is rejected for TIC of tho
in (b) below.
(b) The cnly acceptable reasons for rejection c-f
a vehicle are: (1) inccmp let? t-°st data,
(2) vehicle has been modified in the
vicinity of the fill-pipe opening or vehicle
fill -pipe has been modi^i^d or cUr'OTnrl, 'n
vehicle test matrix category already fj1!,
(4) less than required nnimum fuel dispensed,
(5) vehicle did not havp fill-nine cap upon
arrival at station.
3.2.2,'j At Mie end of the testing deternme fie number o-*-
baselmp vehicles (those vehicles which met the
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23
conditions of 3.2.3 (g)) if this number is not
40 or more continue testing until this number
is obtained. Thpse additional vehicles will only
he used In estiinatinn actual vehicle emissions
and will not be used in calculating the system
efficiency. (Any additional baseline vehicles
have to meet the conditions in 3.2.3 (g).)
3.2,2.6 Any test vehicle which had an initial vehicle
tank temperature more than 10°F outside the
range of temperatures for the baseline vehicles
will be discarded from the test fleet.
3.2.2.7 Record pressure of the vehicle tank and the
underground tank during various rates of fueling
and determine the pressure drop in the line from
the nozzle to the underground tank.
3.2.3 Calculations
(a) Volume of gas transferred to underground tank during
vehicle fueling.
Vr x 520 x (Pb + AHr/13.6)
Vrs = Tr x 29.92
Where:
Vrs « Volume of gas corrected to 60°F and 29.92 in.
Hq. passing through dry gas meter in
nozzle vapor line for each vehicle. Ft. .
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V = Actual volume of qas passing through the
| dry gas meter in the nozzle vapor line
, for each vehicle, lunected for amount
of vapor removed for the h/drocarbon
M analysis , Ft . ^ .
PK = Average barometric pressure, in. Hg .
|
AHr - Average manometer pressure, in. H^O.
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= Average temperature in the nozzle vapor
r
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line, °R taken at meter inlet.
(b) Weight of gasoline vapor transferred to underground
tank during vehicle fueling.
Cr x Vrs x Mf x 454
Wr = 379
Where:
Wr = Weight of gasoline vapor transferred to
underground tank for each vehicle, Gm.
Cr = Average fractional concentration of
I hydrocarbons, decimal fraction.
Vrs = From (a) above.
M = Molecular weight of hydrocarbon used to
I calibrate hydrocarbon analyzer, Ihs/lb.
Mole.
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|(c) Volume of gas dlschdr^rX.-f f/->f vi >' "f Mt|f|M * rjr-^-X x
>v
tank during vehicle fiir/m,
v V * 52°
T, x 29.92
a
Where:
Vas Total volume of gas discharged from
vent of the underground tank plus
from vent of control system 1f a
vacuum-assisted system, corrected to
60°F and 29.92 in. Hg, Ft?
Va « Actual volume of gas passing through
dry gas meter, or meters, corrected for
amount of vapor removed for the hydro-
carbon analysis, Ttr
P^j Average barometric pressure, in. Hg.
Tfl Average temperature of gas discharging
from vent, or vents, °R.
(d) Weight of gasoline vapor discharged from vent of
underground tank during vehicle fueling.
Cfl x Vas x M, x 454 Gd
Wfl = 379 Gs
Where:
Wa Weight of gasoline vapor discharged
from the vent of the underground tank,
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plus from vent of control system 1f a
I vacuum assisted system, weighted for
the gallons of gasoline sold through
the pump where vehicle testing occurs,
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Gm.
Ca = Average fractional concentration of
hydrocarbons at vent, decimal fraction.
vas
Ha = Molecular weight of hydrocarbons compound
used to calibrate hydrocarbon analyzer,
Ibs/lb.Mole.
Note: If an incinerator is used to
process vapors see Section 3.6
| for calculation of incinerator
emissions .
Gj = Total volume of gasoline dispensed to
I the test vehicles, gal.
Gs = Total volume of gasoline dispensed from
all the station pumps, gal.
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Note: If the rate of volume emissions and the
hydrocarbon concentrations of the vent
emissions are not constant with time,
the product of Ca x Vas must be inte-
I grated with respect to time. Numerical
integration techniqups am rpcorrmended.
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27
(e) Weight of gasoline vapor displaced during von ki
fueling »f the test fleet.
Where:
* Baseline weight of total gasol'ne
vapor displaced during vehicle fueling,
Gm.
[£} . = From regression equations developed
from baseline vehicle data. Gin/gal.
(G)i Number of gallons transferred during
"1 th" fueling.
1 Individual fueling.
Note: For calculating Wx for baseline vehicles
use Wr1 instead of [H-)i G^.
(f) Efficiency of fueling control system.
IE WH - Ha1] x 100
Where:
E Efficiency of vehicle fueling control
system, percent.
Wp From (b) above.
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28
W = From (d) above.
a
Wx = From (e) above.
i = Individual fueling.
(g) Regression equations for estimating the actual
weight of gasoline vapor displaced during vehicle
fueling of the test fleet.
For a balance system, select those vehicles from the
total list of vehicles tested which had: (1) complete
test data, (2) a pre-fuellng leak rate of equal to
or less than 0.01 CFH, (3) a post-fueling leak rate
of equal to or less than 0.01 CFM, (4) explosimeter
readings for the fueling period equal to or less
than 0.1 LEL (except for a momentary spike such as
the end of fueling). It is desireable that baseline
vehicles be those where "hands-off" fueling occurred,
however, this may not be possible due to the nature
or mode of operation of the system being tested.
These vehicles and their measured data will be used
to deveiop the regression equation to determine
[ iL ) ; for a balance type vapor recovery system.
For a vacuum-assisted system, select those vehicles
from the total 11st of vehicles tested which had:
(1) a pre-fuellng leak rate of equal to or less than
0.01 CFM, (2) a zero or negative pressure 1n the
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vehicle flllneck for Ihejueiniy penud, (j)
exploslmeter readings Jor the "jri'ng r"in?// «-cur. c^^
to or less than 0.1 Ltl (except for a n.omentary
spike such as at the einj of 'jeliny), a°d (4i a
complete set of data. These vehiL.es and th«;.i
measured data will be used to develop the regression
equation to determine [ ); for a vacuum-assisted type
vapor recovery system. Using step-wise regression
techniques, determine a multi-variable linear
regression equation for the emissions from baseline
vehicles (those vehicles selected by the above
criteria) using as the dependent variable - grams
HC vapor per gallon of gasoline dispensed.
\
(gallons Of "gasoline dispensed to vehicle' a"
Independent variables - the vapor pressure of th<-
dispensed gasoline, the initial temperature of the
gasoline in the vehicle tank (Tv), and the average
temperature of the dispensed gasoline (T.). An
equation of a different form (such as a quadratic)
or an equation using different independent variables
may be used if the alternate equation gives a
statistically better fit at the 0.01 level of confidence.
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3.3 Calibrations
3.3.1 Flow meters. Standard methods and equipment shall be used to
calibrate the flow meters. The calibration curves are to be
traceable to National Bureau of Standards (N3S) standards.
3.3.2 Temperature recording instruments. Calibrate daily prior
to test period and imnediately following test period using ice
water (32°F) and a known temperature source about 100 F
3.3.3 Pressure recording Instruments. Calibrate pressure transducers
prior to the 100 vehicle Phase II test with a static pressure
. calibrator for a range of -3 to +3 inches water or appropriate
range of operation. Zero the transducers after each individual
vehicle test.
3.3.4 Total hydrocarbon analyzer. Follow the manufacturer's instructions
concerning warm-up time and adjustments. On each test day nriur
to testing and at the end of the day's testing, zero the
analyzer with a zero qas (<3 ppm C) and soan with 30 percent
and 70 percent concentrations of propane. Prior to the Phase I
and Phase II testing perform a comprehensive calibration in
the laboratory. Check the analyzer with several known
concentrations of propane to determine linearity. The HC
calibration cylinders must be checked against a reference
cylinder maintained in the laboratory before each field
test. This information must be entered into a loq identifvim
each cylinder by serial number. The reference cylinder must b.>
checked against a primary standard every six months und th^
recorded. The reference cylinder is to be discarded when the
assayed value changes more than one percent. Any cylinder is
to be discarded when the cylinder pressure drops to 10 percent
of the original pressure.
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3.3.5 A record of all calibrations made is to be maintained.
3.4 Acceptance of Systems
When a system Is accepted, It will have certain physical features
such as piping sizes and configurations which duj r^ve lo be »iyij.in.j
I to accomodate the requirements of each installation. Because the
pressure drops and other characteristics of the system are Influenced
by these features and these 1n turn influence effectiveness, 1t may
be necessary to condition acceptance upon certain criteria which
account for physical parameters such as pressure drops and flow
rates. When systems are tested for acceptance, these parameters
will be ascertained.
Some of the conditions that may be imposed upon an acceptance are:
(a) Allowable pressure drop in the lines leading from the
dispensing nozzle to the underground tank.
(b) The method of calculating the pressure drop.
(c) The model of dispensing nozzle which may be used.
(d) The manner in which vapor return lines may be manifolded.
(e) The type of restriction to be placed on the vent of the
underground tank.
. (f) The number of dispensing nozzles which may be serviced by a
secondary system.
(g) Allowable delivery rates.
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(h) Use of the system on full-service stations only.
3.5 Test Sample
A total of 100 vehicles are required to be tested for determining
the efficiency of a phase II system. The vehicle distribution basp-1
on model year, vehicle miles travelled and manufacturer for use until
September 1976, is given in Table I. An up-date table will be
Issued in September of each subsequent year. Vehicles will be tested
as they enter the station ("first in" basis) until a specific
matrix block of the distribution is filled. Additional tested
cars that fit into a completed matrix block can be used as baseline
vehicles but may not be substituted for earlier complete tests.
Exception to this 1s when more than two identical vehicles arrive
to be tested, only the first two will be used. (An examplr of this
would be if three 1975 Impola station wagons come 'n for testing, "nlv
the first two would be used unless one was rejected for other reasons
such as missing data.) The only other reasons for excluding a vehicle
from the test fleet are: (1) incomplete data for vehicle (missing
vehicle temperature, HC concentration, volume returned); (2) less
than require minimum fuel dispensed; (3) vehicle has been modified in
the vicinity of the fillpioe opening or has significantly damaged p"
modified fuel tank fillpipe; (4) vehicle was agreed upon by applu-"ii
and ARB as being unacceptable; (5) vehicle did not have fillpipu
cap upon arrival at station.
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3.6 Test Procedures for Determining Incinerator F
3.6.1 Principle and Applicability
3.6.1.1 Hydrocarbon and carbon A\aKijAf (.uncetft^tiuns >- i'i-.
exhaust gases, and qns vniunv> /.tA He- c'ncmtrot'rrs
in the inlet vapor, ^m//***.*""-''/^^^ !Cr>^«'>r-
trations are measured. These values are used to
calculate the incinerator HC control efficiency and
mass emission rate based on a carbon balance.
3.6.1.2 Applicability: This method is applicable as a performance
test method for gasoline vapor control incinerators
used at service station^ equipped fnr Phase I and II
vapor control.
3.6.2 Test Scope and Conditions
3.6.2.1 Station Test Status: The procedure is designed to measure
incinerator control efficiency under conditions fh'11,
may be considered normal for the station under test. All
dispensing pumps Interconnected with or sharing the
.control system under test shall remain open as is normal
for the station operation. Vehicles shall be fueled as
is normal for the test period. As underground tank
filling produces vapor volumes different from vehicle
tank filling, no underground tank filling should be
performed during the test period. A seperate test Is
to be made to determine vapor control efficiency during
phase I operations.
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3.6.2.2 Fuel KVP: The RVP of the fuel disoensed during
the test shall be within the range normal for the
geographic location and time of the year.
3.6.3 Test Equipment
3.6,3.1 HC Analyzers: HC analyzers using flame ionization
detectors calibrated with known concentrations of
propane in air are used to measure HC concentrations
at both the incinerator inlet and exhaust. A suitable
continuous recorder 1s required to record real-tine
output from the HC analyzers.
3.6.3.2 Sample System: The sample probe is to be of a
material unaffected by combustion nases (S.S. 365)
The sample Dump should be oil-less and leak-tight.
Sample lines are to be Inert, teflon is recommended.
A thermocouple (0-2000 F) shall be used to monitor
temperature of exhaust gases at the inlet to
sampling system.
3.6.3.3 Carbon Dioxide Analyzer: A nondispersive infrared analyzer
calibrated with known quantities of C0? in air is
used to measure CO- concentration', in ti'o nxhaust qa^
3.6.3.4 Other equipment is specified in Section 1.2 II
3.6.4 Test Procedure
3.6.4.1 Visual Inspection: Any visual emissions except for
steam, from vapor Incinerators a^e an indication
of poor combustion. An Incinerator shall not emit
air contaminants (not Including moisture) in surh
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a manner that the opacity of fhe emission is
greater than 10 percent (or <, prrioii or periods
agqregratlng more than one minute K< any GO
consecutive minute?; r>-/y/.^f-i ^'-.^ ft /7S;e^*T
opacity at any time. Should such visible emissions
from the exhaust be detected, the control systcn ;;
unacceptable and the problem must be corrected and
an application made to the ARB for reconsideration
for certification.
3.6.4.2 Sample Location: The sampling point should be located
in the exhaust stack down-stream of the burner far
enough to permit complete mixing of the combustion gases
For nost sources, thir, point is ?\. least t'i ;ht -.tf.V
diameters downstream of any interference and two
diameters upstream of the stack exit. There are many
cases where these conditions cannot be met. The
sample point should be no less than one stack diameter
from the stack exit and one stack diameter above the
high point of the flame and be at a point of maximum
velocity head as determined by the number of equal
areas of cross-Jtctlonal area of the stack. The
inlet sampling location is 1n the system inlet line
routing vapors to the burner. A HC sample tap, a
pressure sensor tap, and a thermocouple connection
to monitor q«s temnerature must be Installed on the
inlet side of the volume meter.
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3.6.4.3 Monitoring Equipment Set-Dps: Scan and calibrate all
monitors. Connect sampling nrohes, pumps and rrcnrdrrs
to the monitors and mount samplinq probes in ihr-
stack and at the inlet.
3.6.4.4 Measurements: Mark strip charts at the start of thp
test period and proceed with-HC, CCL, and volume
measurements for at least three burning cycles of the
system. The total sampling time should be at least
three hours. Sampling for HC's and CO- must occur
simultaneously. At the end of each cycle, disconnect
CO- instrument and obtain an ambient air sanple.
This step requires that the CO ir-stpji'icnt be
calibrated fnr the lower concents t ion^ qiprtcrl
at ambient levels.
3.6.4.5 Gasoline Liauid Volume: Record the qasoline liquid
dispensed during the test period.
3.6.5 Calculations:
3.6.5.1 Symbols
LCL
CO
2a
HCi
Hf
P.
= Carbon dioxide concentration in rhr
exhaust gas (ppmv).
= Average carbon dioxide concentration
in the ambient air (ppmv)
= Hydrocarbon concentration in the inlet
gas to the burner (pnnv a^, propane)
= Hydrocarbon conc^ntro! inn in the i »lMir, t
(ppmv as propane).
= Gasoline liquid volume dispensed during
test period ('id1 ''ins).
= Static pressure at inlet meter (1n H ).
= Temperature of r;as at inlet meter (°r).
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V. « Inlfl f/u£ ^/*ni" (If ]
F - Di 1 u'. ion Feu HM
51.6x10" = Correction factor for qr^Tc of hyrlrprarhon
per gas volume parts per million propane
(T ...9, .)
MSCF) {ppmvr
3 c Number of carbon atoms per propane molecule,
3.6.5.2(a) Calculate the standard total ips volume (v ) at the
burner Inlet for each test. (Standard temperature 60 F,
standard pressure 2').92 in 1115)
V - V. (P. + 29.92) 520 (1)
s 1 (Tl + 460) 29.92
(b) Calculate an average vapor volume to liquid volume (v/1;
at the inlet for each test.
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(.d) The mass emission rate (m/L) Is calculated using the inlet
(m/L). from eauation (3) and the carton dilution factor^
from equation (4) The exhaust HC concentration will vary
with time and operation of the system. It is likely
that, in addition to an overall average mass emission
rate using an average HC,, several peak values of (m/L)
will be required as discussed above. If some correlations
between HC. and HC occurs Over the burning cycle of the
system, this calculation should be used to show the
change in mass emission rate. (m/L)e = F ^HC^ (m/L) (q/(|al) (5)
HC j i
(e) Mass control efficiency (%/E) can be calculated for an
average value over each test Interval. It represents
the reduction of hydrocarbon mass achieved by the incinerator
system and this efficiency can vary depending OP the loidmo
cycle or the inlet loading. __ (1_ (_FJ [
3.6.6 Calibrations
3.6.6.1 Total Hydrocarbon Analyzers: Flame ionlzation detectors
or equivalent total hydrocarbon analyzers are acceptable
for mea for measurement of exhaust hydrocorbon concentrations.
Calibrations should be performed ^ollowinq thp marj f j( *r> <<
instructions for warm-up time and adjustments, falibnticjn
gases shou1^ be propane in hydrocarbon-free air of >nowr
concentrations prepared gravimetn cally with measu>fd
mass quantities of 100 percent prooane. A calibrate''
curve shall be produced using a minimum of five (5)
preoared calibration gases 1n the range of concentrations
expected during testing. The calibration curve shall
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39
be used in determining ''VrMi'vd levels '\\.n>-?.
The calibration of the instrumpnt "M>d n"* he p'-r^y-e-'j
on sHe, but shall He perform rr"T to ?"d VTTV ' .<'
following the test program. During the test program,
the HC analyzer shall be spanned on site with zero gas
(<3 ppmv C) and with known concentrations of propane
in hydrocarbon-free air at a level near the highest
concert .'".' 'rted. The spanning procedure shall
be pert.; .. ^east twice each test day.
3.6.6.2 Carbon Dioxide Analyzer: Nondispersive infrared analyzers
are acceptable for measurement of p^haust CO- conc«'iitraHons
Calibrations should be performed following the manufacturers'
instructions. Calibration gases should be ! no*"1
concentrations of CO- in air. A calibration shall be
prepared uslnp a minimum of five prepared calihrdi '-.':
gases 1n the range of concentrations expected 'HO
calibration of the instrument need not be performed
on site but shall be performed itmedlately prior to
and immediately following the test program. Durwj
the testing the analyzer shall be spanned with a known
concentration of C0? in air at a level near the highest
concentration expected. The spanning procedure shall
occur at least twice per test day.
3.7 Alternate equipment and techniques may be used If prior approval Is
obtained from the ARB.
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FIGURE 3
FKL-FUEIING LEAK CHECK DCVICE
Ij 1
| JF __ TT^f"} f**4 A f"? A / ^1 -X*
rvtf AT£'A//v
ro
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TABLE I
" Test Sample for Determining the Efficiency of Phase Two Systems by
Model Year, Vehicle Miles Travelled and Manufacturer
Percent Automobile Manufactured
m Model Distribution
Year by VMT General FerxJ Chrysler American
Motors Motor Company Corporation Motors Corporation Imports
| Pra 19/0 12 5 3 20 2
1970 5 ' 2 1 1 0 1
I 1971 722 10 2
1972 9 3 2 10 3
» 19-,j 10 * 3 10 3
| 1974 12 4 3 1 ° 3
197F 15 5 4 11 5
| 1976 17 5 4 21 -5
1977 12 4 2 1 0 5
I 1978 100 0.0 0
October 1977
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APPENDIX D
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SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT
DISTRICT RULE NO. 461
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RULE 461 - GASOLINE TRANSFER AND DISPENSING (Amended January 16,1981)
(a) Gasoline Transfer Into Stationary Storage Containers (Phase
I) A person shall not transfer, or permit the transfer or
provide equipment for the transfer of gasoline from any
tank truck, trailer or railroad tank car into any stationary
storage container with a capacity of more than 950 liters
(251 gallons) unless the transfer is made to a storage
container equipped as required in Rule 463(a) or unless all
of the following conditions are met:
(1) such container is equipped with a permanent submerged
fill pipe, and
(2) such container is equipped with a "GARB certified"
vapor recovery system, and
(3) all vapor return lines are connected between the tank
truck, trailer or railroad tank car and the stationary
storage container, and
(4) the vapor recovery system is operating in accordance
with the manufacturer's specifications and the delivery
vehicle is maintained in a vapor-tight condition, in
accordance with Rule 462(c).
(b) Gasoline Transfer Into Vehicle Fuel Tanks (Phase II)
A person shall not transfer, permit the transfer or provide
equipment for the transfer of gasoline from a stationary
storage container subject to the provisions of paragraph
(a), or from a storage container to which gasoline has
been transferred from another container subject to the
provisions of paragraph (a), into any motor vehicle fuel
tank of greater than 19 liters (5 gallons) capacity unless:
(1) the dispensing unit used to transfer the gasoline from
the stationary storage container to the motor vehicle
fuel tank is equipped with a "GARB certified" vapor
recovery system, and
(2) the vapor recovery system is operating in accordance
with the manufacturer's specifications.
(c) Additional Requirements
(1) Vapor recovery or vapor processing systems used to
comply with the provisions of this rule shall comply
with all safety, fire, weights and measures, and other
applicable codes or regulations.
(2) Vapor recovery systems required under paragraph (a)
or paragraph (b) shall at all times be maintained in
accordance with the manufacturer's specifications and
the GARB certification. In the event that the vapor
recovery system is not capable of being operated in
accordance with the manufacturer's specifications
or GARB certification the following appropriate action
shall be taken:
(A) For a breakdown (as defined in Rules 102 and 430) of
the central vapor incineration or processing unit,
all the provisions of Rule 430 governing breakdown
procedures, reporting requirements and operational
limitations shall apply.
(B) For problems associated with any vapor recovery,
storage, or dispensing equipment, other than a
breakdown of the central vapor incineration or
processing unit, provisions of Rule 430 (b) and
(d) shall apply.
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As applied to gasoline transfer and dispensing operations,
the term "end of cycle" shall refer to the close of business
on the date the breakdown occurs.
(3) A person shall not perform or permit the "pump-out"
(bulk transfer) of gasoline from a storage container
subject to paragraph (a) unless such bulk transfer
is performed in the manner prescribed for a Class V
facility under Rule 462 (vapor balancing), except that
vapor balance is not required where the container is to
be removed or filled with water for testing.
(4) Where any stationary storage container or dispensing
equipment was exempt from the provisions of paragraph
(a) or paragraph (b) of this rule prior to January
16, 1981, but is now required to comply with paragraph
(a) or paragraph (b), the owner/operator of such
container shall achieve compliance in accordance with
the schedule set forth in paragraph (e).
(5) A person shall not store, or allow the storage of,
gasoline in any stationary storage container with a
capacity of more than 950 liters (251 gallons) unless
such container:
(A) complies with Rule 463(a); or
(B) is equipped with a permanent submerged fill pipe
and a "GARB certified" vapor recovery system.
(d) Exemptions
The provisions of this rule shall not apply to the transfer
of gasoline:
(1) Into or from any stationary container having a capacity
of 1,080 liters (550 gallons) or less, installed for
gasoline storage prior to March 1, 1977.
(2) Into or from any stationary container having a
capacity of 7,570 liters (2,000 gallons) or less
which:
(A) was installed for gasoline storage prior to "March
5, 1975, and
(B) is equipped with a permanent submerged fill pipe,
and
(C) is not part of a facility which has any storage
container subject to paragraph (a) of this rule.
(3) Into any underground storage container installed prior
to March 5, 1975, where the fill line between the fill
connection and container is offset, as defined in
subparagraph (f)(7), or where the top of the container
is 3.7 meters (12 feet) or more below ground level.
(4) Into or from any stationary container which is used
primarily for the fueling of implements of husbandry,
as such vehicles are defined in Division 16 (Section
36000, et seq.) of the California Vehicle Code, if
such container is equipped with a submerged fill pipe.
As used in this subparagraph (d)(4), "primarily" shall
mean more than 757° of the monthly throughput from the
container or dispenser.
(5) Into or from any stationary container used exclusively
for fueling agricultural wind machines.
(6) Into any stationary container installed or under
construction prior to January 9, 1976, which is exclu-
sively receiving gasoline from any loading facility which
is a Class IV facility under Rule 462, if such container
is equipped with a permanent submerged fill pipe.
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(7) From any mobile container used exclusively for refuel-
ing of vehicles or aircraft, and from any vehicle
fueling hydrant system which was in operation prior
to January 5, 1979.
(8) Into motor vehicles from any gasoline dispensing
facility in existence prior to March 5, 1975, which
is located in a structure where and the bottom of
the dispensers is at a lower elevation than the top
of the gasoline storage containers.
(9) Into or from any one or two stationary containers
comprising a single facility which is located in
Coachella Valley Area, was in operation prior to
January 16, 1981, and is used exclusively for non-
retail sales; provided that each container has a capacity
of 3,880 liters (1,025 gallons) or less and, if greater
than 2,080 liters (550 gallons), is equipped with a
permanent submerged fill pipe.
(10) Into or from any stationary container located in the
Joshua Tree Area or the Palo Verde Area, if such contain-
er is equipped with a permanent submerged fill pipe.
(e) Compliance Schedule
The owner/operator of any gasoline storage and dispensing
facility subject to subparagraph (c) (4) of this rule shall
comply with the rule in accordance with the following
schedule:
(1) Submit : March 1, 1981
(2) Negotiate: May 1, 1981
(3) Initiate : August 1, 1981
(4) Complete : September 1, 1981
(5) Assure : October 1, 1981
(f) Definitions
For the purpose of this rule, the following definitions are
included:
(1) "Gasoline vapors" means the organic compounds in the
displaced vapors, including any entrained liquid gas-
oline.
(2) A "motor vehicle" is any self-propelled vehicle regis-
tered or which requires registration for use on the
highway.
(3) A "gasoline storage and dispensing facility" means
an aggregate of one or more stationary storage con-
tainers, any of which is subject to the provisons of
paragraphs (a) or (b) of this rule, together with
dispensers and control equipment required by the
rule.
(4) For purposes of subparagraph (c)(4) and paragraph (e),
an owner/operator will be considered to be any
individual, corporation or organization which is
obligated to pay for required vapor control systems
whether through ownership, lease arrangement or other
contractual obligation.
(5) A "CARB certified" vapor recovery system is any Phase
I or Phase II vapor recovery system which has been
certified by the California Air Resources Board as
capable of recovering or processing displaced gasoline
vapors to an efficiency of ninety-five (95) percent or
greater.
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A CAR.B certified "Teed" Phase I system shall also
be considered to meet this definition if it was in
operation prior to Januarv 16, 1931, or is installed
thereafter to comply with paragraph (c)(4) of this rule.
(6) A "submerged fill pipe" is any fill pipe, the discharge
opening of which is entirely submerged when the liquid
level above the bottom of the container is:
(A) 15.2 cm. (6 inches), for containers filled from the
top,or
(B) 45.7 cm. (18 inches), for containers filled from
the side.
(7) An "offset fill line" is any liquid fill line which
contains one or more pipe bends, and the horizontal
distance between the truck delivery connection and the
storage container fill opening is 6.1 meters (20 feet)
or greater.
(8) The following terms, when used in a compliance schedule
mean :
(A) "Submit" means submit to the Executive Officer a
final control plan which describes at a minimum the
steps that will be taken to achieve compliance with
the provisions of this rule.
(B) "Negotiate" means negotiate and sign all necessary
contracts for vapor control systems, or issue orders
for the purchase of component parts to accomplish
the required vapor control.
(C) "Initiate" means initiate on-site construction or
installation of vapor control equipment.
(D) "Complete" means complete on-site construction or
installation of vapor control equipment.
(E) "Assure" means assure final compliance with the
provisions of this rule.
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