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Distribution of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation in
the Chesapeake Bay and Tributaries and Chincoteague Bay -1991
by
Robert J. Orth, Judith F. Nowak, Gary F. Anderson,
Kevin P. Kiley, and Jennifer R. Whiting
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of William and Mary U.S. Grwiro.iT^ntal Protection Agency
Gloucester Point, VA 23062 Ri;;br, UI l»'otmation Resource
CtnUr (;!/,;2)
841 Chestoul Street -/ -.-
Philafclphia, PA 19107 ,4^
Funded by: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Grant X00346503)
National Oceanographic Atmospheric Administration
(Grant No. NA170Z0359-01)
Virginia Institute of Marine Science/School of Marine Science
Maryland Department of Natural Resources (C272-92-005)
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (14-16-0005-91-9023)
Allied-Signal Foundation
Final Report Submitted to: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Chesapeake Bay Program Office
Annapolis, MD 21403
December 1992
Cover Photograph: Hydrilla verticillata in the Potomac River. (Photograph by Nancy Rybicki,
USGS.)
Inside Cover: Map of Chesapeake Bay and Tributaries and Chincoteague Bay.
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CONTENTS
Page
TABLES iv
FIGURES v
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiu
SAVSPECIES 1
METHODS 2
Introduction 2
Aerial photography 2
Mapping process 5
SAV perimeter digitization and area calculation 9
Tests of precision and accuracy 9
Standard operating procedures 11
Choice of representative SAV bed 11
Conversion of SAV perimeter points from X,Y centimeters to Universal
Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates in ARC/INFO format 12
Calculation of 1991 SAV areas 12
Organizational procedures for analysis 13
Ground truth and other data bases 17
RESULTS 20
Data presentation 20
1991 Summary 20
Upper Bay Zone 20
Middle Bay Zone 37
Lower Bay Zone 37
Chincoteague Bay 38
Discussion of sections arranged within zones 38
Upper Bay Zone 38
Susquehanna Flats (Section 1) 38
Upper Eastern Shore (Section 2) 38
Upper Western Shore (Section 3) 41
Chester River (Section 4) 41
Middle Bay Zone 41
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CONTENTS (continued)
Page
RESULTS (continued)
Central Western Shore (Section 5) 41
Eastern Bay (Section 6) 45
Choptank River (Section 7) 45
Patuxent River (Section 8) 45
Middle Western Shore (Section 9) 45
Lower Potomac River (Section 10) 50
Upper Potomac River (Section 11) 50
Middle Eastern Shore (Section 12) 53
Mid-Bay Island Complex (Section 13) 53
Lower Bay Zone 53
Lower Eastern Shore (Section 14) 53
Reedville Region (Section 15) 57
Rappahannock River Complex (Section 16) 57
New Point Comfort Region (Section 17) 60
Mobjack Bay Complex (Section 18) 60
York River (Section 19) 60
Lower Western Shore (Section 20) 60
James River (Section 21) 65
Chincoteague Bay 65
LITERATURE CITED 68
APPENDICES 71
A. Species of submerged aquatic plants found in the
Chesapeake Bay and tributaries 73
B. Latitude and longitude coordinate points defining
the 21 Chesapeake Bay sections and Chincoteague Bay 85
C. Topographic quadrangles for the Chesapeake Bay and
Chincoteague Bay showing distribution, abundance,
and ground truthing of SAV in 1991 89
Map Legend 90
D. Number of square meters of SAV for individual beds
and totals for density categories for each topographic
quadrangle in 1991 205
E. 1991 SAV ground truth data listed by topographic
quadrangle and by SAV bed, cross referenced with
1990SAVbeds 233
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TABLES
Number Page
1 Guidelines for acquisition of aerial photographs
2 List of USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangles for
the Chesapeake Bay and Chincoteague Bay SAV study
areas and corresponding code numbers
3 Area descriptions for each of the 21 sections in the
Chesapeake Bay SAV study area 15
4 Total area of SAV in hectares by USGS 7.5 minute
topographic quadrangle for 1990 and 1991 21
5 Number of hectares of SAV in 1990 and 1991 for the 21
sections and three zones of the Chesapeake Bay,
and for Chincoteague Bay 26
6 Number of square meters of SAV in 1991 for each quadrangle
of the 21 sections in the Chesapeake Bay and of Chincoteague Bay 27
IV
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FIGURES
Number Page
1 Map of Chesapeake Bay and tributaries with Upper, Middle, and
Lower zones, and Chincoteague Bay, with locations of all SAV beds in 1991 ix
2 Total hectares SAV for the Upper, Middle, and Lower zones
of the Chesapeake Bay in 1991 x
3 Total hectares SAV in 1991 by section of the Chesapeake Bay xi
4 Map of Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and Chincoteague Bay
with approximate locations of flight lines for 1991 SAV photo-
graphy 3
5 Location of USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangles in the
Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and Chincoteague Bay
with corresponding code numbers 6
6 Crown density scale used for determining density of SAV beds:
(1) very sparse, 0-10%; (2) sparse, 10-40%; (3) moderate,
40-70%; (4) dense, 70-100% 10
7 Location of Chincoteague Bay and Chesapeake Bay with Upper,
Middle, and Lower zones and 21 sections used for delineation of SAV
distribution patterns 14
8 Distribution of SAV in the Susquehanna Flats (Section 1) 39
9 Distribution of SAV in the Upper Eastern Shore (Section 2) 40
10 Distribution of SAV in the Upper Western Shore (Section 3) 42
11 Distribution of SAV in the Chester River (Section 4) 43
12 Distribution of SAV in the Central Western Shore (Section 5) 44
13 Distribution of SAV in the Eastern Bay (Section 6) 46
14 Distribution of SAV in the Choptank River (Section?) 47
15 Distribution of SAV in the Patuxent River (Section 8) 48
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FIGURES (continued)
Number Page
16 Distribution of SAV in the Middle Western Shore (Section 9) 49
17 Distribution of SAV in the Lower Potomac River (Section 10) 51
18 Distribution of SAV in the Upper Potomac River (Section 11) 52
19 Distribution of SAV in the Middle Eastern Shore (Section 12) 54
20 Distribution of SAV in the Mid-Bay Island Complex (Section 13) 55
21 Distribution of SAV in the Lower Eastern Shore (Section 14) 56
22 Distribution of SAV in the Reedville Region (Section 15) 58
23 Distribution of SAV in the Rappahannock River Complex (Section 16). ... 59
24 Distribution of SAV in the New Point Comfort Region (Section 17) 61
25 Distribution of SAV in the Mobjack Bay Complex (Section 18) 62
26 Distribution of SAV in the York River (Section 19) 63
27 Distribution of SAV in the Lower Western Shore (Section 20) 64
28 Distribution of SAV in the James River (Section 21) , 66
29 Distribution of SAV in the Chincoteague Bay 67
30 Illustration of Cham spp. (Muskgrass) 74
31 Illustration ofNitella spp. (Stonewort) 75
32 Illustration ofNajas guadalupensis (Southern naiad) 76
33 Illustration of Vallisneria americana (Tapegrass) 77
34 Illustration ofEgeria spp. (Water-weed) 78
35 Illustration of Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrilla) 79
VI
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FIGURES (continued)
Number Page
36 A comparison: illustrations ofHydrilla verticillata,
Elodea canadensis, and Egeria spp 80
37 A comparison: illustrations ofHydrilla verticillata,
Elodea canadensis, and Egeria spp 81
38 Illustration of Ceratophyllum demersum (Coontail) 82
39 Illustration of Trapanatans (Water chestnut) 83
40 Illustration of Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil) 84
Vll
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The distribution of submerged aquatic vegetation, principally rooted vascular
macrophytes, in the Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and Chincoteague Bay was mapped
during May to October 1991 at a scale of 1:24,000 using black and white aerial
photography. SAV bed perimeter information was digitized and stored in a computerized
data base. Ground truth information was obtained from the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
the University of Maryland Horn Point Environmental Laboratories, the Metropolitan
Washington Council of Governments, the Maryland Department of Natural Resources,
Harford Community College, Essex Community College SAV Research Group of Baltimore
County, National Park Service, Assateague Island, and the College of William and
Mary/Virginia Institute of Marine Science/School of Marine Science. Citizen support via
the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Chesapeake Bay Foundation provided additional
ground truth information.
In 1991, the Chesapeake Bay had 25,623 hectares of SAV, compared to 24,296 hectares
in 1990, with 2,158 hectares (8.4%), 11,664 hectares (45.5%), and 11,802 hectares (46.1%)
occurring in the Upper, Middle, and Lower Bay zones, respectively (Figs. 1, 2, and 3).
In 1991 seventy-eight percent (1,684 hectares) of the SAV within the Upper Bay zone
was located in the Susquehanna Flats (Section 1). Eight species of SAV were documented
by ground truth surveys in this section, with Myriophyllum spicatum being dominant. A
recently introduced exotic species, Hydrilla verticillata, was found in the Flats but occurred
in small isolated beds. Overall abundance of SAV declined from the 1990 (1,773 hectares)
level, but the density of beds increased slightly from 1990. Eighty-nine percent of all SAV
beds in the Flats were classified as very sparse (0-10% coverage), and 7% of beds were
classified as dense (70-100% coverage). This is a slight improvement over 1990 coverage
when 92% were very sparse and 5% of beds were classified as dense. In the Upper Eastern
Shore (Section 2) there were 326 hectares of SAV (95 hectares less than in 1990) located
principally in the Elk and lower Sassafras rivers, and Swan, Stillpond, and Churn creeks,
with many of the same species as reported in the Susquehanna Flats section. The Upper
Western Shore (Section 3) had 91 hectares of SAV, primarily M. spicatum and Vallisneria
americana, concentrated in Saltpeter and Dundee creeks. This is similar to 1990 when
there were 90.47 hectares. In the Chester River (Section 4) SAV abundance (57 hectares)
was down 10 hectares from 1990. SAV was most abundant adjacent to Eastern Neck,
Eastern Neck Island, and in the lower Chester River. In this region Ruppia maritima was
the most abundant of seven species reported.
In 1991 forty-nine percent (5,707 hectares) of the SAV in the Middle Bay zone was found
in the Mid-Bay Island Complex (Section 13) which includes the broad shoal area between
Smith and Tangier Islands. This is an increase of 310 hectares over 1990. The two
dominant species were R. maritima and Zostera marina. Nineteen percent (2,178 hectares)
of the SAV in this zone was present in the Middle Eastern Shore (Section 12), primarily in
the Barren Island-Honga River area, the Big and Little Annemessex rivers, and the lower
section of the Manokin River, with R. maritima being the dominant species reported. Little
Vlll
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Q_
0.
LU
_J
Q
Q
DC
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O
Chesapeake
Bay
Susquehanna R
Figure 1. Map of Chesapeake Bay and tributaries with Upper, Middle, and Lower zones, and
Chincoteague Bay, with locations of all SAV beds in 1991. (SAV is shown in red.)
IX
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12000
11000
10000
9000-
8000-
eg 7000
X
.£ eoool
s,
& 500O
400O
300O
200O
100O
Hectares of SAV in Each Zone
of the Chesapeake Bay -1991
Upper
Middle
Lower
Figure 2. Total hectares SAV for the Upper, Middle, and Lower zones of the Chesapeake Bay in
1991. (Refer to Figures 1 and 7 for zone locations.)
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Hectares of SAV in 1991
by Section
550&
4400-
I
3300-
2200-
1100-
Upper
Zone
Middle
Zone
Lower
Zone
Ifgga Ega Eraa pffa Km KK* Y///A • v>:-&* v&a Eaai Kaaa Kfff| [f^j ^^
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
1 234 5 678 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Section Number
Figure 3. Total hectares SAV in 1991 by section of the Chesapeake Bay. (Refer to Figure 7, Table
3, and Appendix B for section locations and boundaries.)
XI
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or no SAV was mapped or reported from the Central Western Shore (Section 5), Patuxent
River (Section 8), and Middle Western Shore (Section 9).
The Middle Bay zone also includes the entire Potomac River, where 3,597 hectares of
SAV were present in 1991. SAV was concentrated in two distinct regions: 1) the Upper
Potomac River (Section 11) with 3,016 hectares, where Hydrilla verticillata remained the
numerically dominant species (nine other species were reported by the COG, VIMS, and
Citizen's surveys); and 2) the upper portion of the Lower Potomac River (Section 10) with
581 hectares, including Nanjemoy Creek and Port Tobacco River, with V. americana and M.
spicatum being the most frequently reported species. The total abundance of SAV in the
Upper Potomac section increased from 1990 by 493 hectares. It increased in the Lower
Potomac section by 49 hectares. SAV continued to decline in the Eastern Bay and Choptank
River sections. SAV in the Eastern Bay (Section 6) decreased 321 hectares from 1990 to a
total of 68 hectares in 1991, while in the Choptank River (Section 7) it declined 79 hectares
from 1990 to a total of 114 hectares in 1991.
Distribution and abundance in 1991 in the Lower Bay zone were similar to 1990.
Forty-eight percent (5,720 hectares) of SAV in this zone was found in the Lower Eastern
Shore (Section 14) around the Fox Islands and the mouths of major creeks (i.e. Cherrystone
Inlet and Hungars, Mattawoman, Occahannock, Craddock, Pungoteague, and Onancock
creeks). Along the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay, SAV was abundant in Mobjack
Bay (Section 18) (15% of SAV in the Lower Bay zone), in the lower York River (Section 19)
(7% of SAV in the Lower Bay zone), and in the Lower Western Shore (Section 20),
specifically Back River and Drum Island Flats area adjacent to Plum Tree Island (17% of
SAV in the Lower Bay zone). There were 635 hectares of SAV mapped in the Reedville
Region (Section 15) in 1991, a 4% increase over 1990. There were 339 hectares of SAV
identified in 1991 in the New Point Comfort Region (Section 17) compared to 357 hectares
in 1990. Both R. maritima and Z. marina were abundant throughout this zone. SAV
abundance was down 7% from 1990 in both the Piankatank and Rappahannock rivers
(Section 16). Ruppia maritima was the dominant species in those rivers, with Zostera
marina also present as a result of previously successful transplant efforts. The James River
(Section 21) had less than 3 hectares of SAV in 1991, which is the same as in 1990.
SAV in the Chincoteague Bay section increased in distribution from 1990 with 2,746
hectares mapped in 1991. SAV in Chincoteague Bay and Sinepuxent Bay consisted of
R. maritima and Z. marina, and was located along the eastern side of the bay behind
Assateague Island. Assawoman Bay contained only R. maritima while only Z. marina was
reported from Isle of Wight Bay.
Xll
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to gratefully acknowledge all federal and state agencies who financially
supported this project: the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA); the U. S. Fish
and Wildlife Service (USFWS); the Virginia Council on the Environment's and MD-DNR's
Coastal Resources Management Program of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA), under the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 as amended by
the Office of Ocean Coastal Resource Management (OCRM); the Maryland Department of
Natural Resources (MD-DNR); and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, School of
Marine Science, College of William and Mary (VIMS). Also, we thank Allied - Signal, Inc.
for providing supplemental funding for this work. Additionally, the Virginia Council on the
Environment EcoMAPS Program, under the direction of Dr. Adam A. Frisch, provided
ARC/INFO expertise and training for converting 1991 SAV digital data to ARC/INFO 5.0.1
format.
Acknowledgement would not be complete without commendation for the groups which
provided ground truthing of SAV beds which was used in conjunction with interpretation of
the 1991 photography. USFWS conducted a survey and, with the Chesapeake Bay
Foundation (CBF), also organized citizens to report locations and species composition of
grassbeds around the bay. Bill Dennison of the University of Maryland Horn Point
Environmental Laboratories (HPEL), Stan Kollar of Harford Community College (HCC),
and the Essex Community College SAV Research Group of Baltimore County, Maryland
provided ground truth information for certain specific regions of the Maryland portion of
the Bay. The Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (COG) provided ground
truth information from the Potomac River. The National Park Service, Assateague Island,
provided ground truth data for the Chincoteague Bay section. Ken Moore, Lori Morris,
Mike Rosenzweig, Curtis Harper, Jill Goodman, and Cindi Horton of VIMS provided ground
truth information for the lower bay.
The production of this report required the dedication of numerous scientists,
technicians, artists, photographers, and others. The following people deserve a note of
thanks: Silvia Terziotti (Virginia Council on the Environment.) for developing computer
software necessary for conversion of digital data to ARC/INFO 5.0.1 format; Rich Batiuk
and Carin Bisland, USEPA-Chesapeake Bay Program Office; Linda Hurley Kelsey and
Kathyrn Reshetiloff, USFWS; David Bleil, MD-DNR; and Christina Pompa, and Ed
Pendleton, CBF.
We are especially grateful to the dedicated VIMS personnel who contributed greatly to
the production of this report: Leah Nagey for her tremendous assistance and perseverance
in digitizing most of the maps, editing the digital data files, mapping ground truth
information, and for her constant, careful efforts to maintain high quality control; Melanie
Rippon for assistance in designing the map products with ARC/INFO; Harold Burrell, Kay
Stubblefield, Sylvia Motley, and Billy Jenkins for graphic services; Ruth Hershner for
typography; and Pat Hall for computer services.
Michael Upchurch, Virginia Division of Mineral Resources, Randy Karin, Maryland
Geological Survey, Claud Summers, USGS, National Cartographic Information Center
xin
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(NCIC), and the Mid-Continent Mapping Center were helpful in the procurement of high
quality topo maps. Craig Breen, Professional Blueprinters, Inc., Newport News, VA, and
Architectural and Engineering Supply Company, Richmond, VA, provided high quality
reprographic services. Air Photographies, Inc. conducted the aerial photographic missions
and was responsible for the high quality aerial photographs.
Aquatic plant illustrations were provided by the Information Office of the University of
Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Center for Aquatic Plants (Gainesville)
and were drawn by Laura Line Keep, biological illustrator.
xiv
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SAY SPECIES
Hie term "submerged aquatic vegetation" for the purpose of this report
encompasses 19 taxa from 10 vascular macrophyte families and 3 taxa
from 1 freshwater macrophytic algal family, the Characeae, but excludes
all other algae, both benthic and planktonic, which occur in the
Chesapeake Bay and tributaries (Appendix A). Although outside the scope
of this study, the algal component does constitute a portion of the SAV
biomass in the Chesapeake Bay and tributaries. For instance, benthic
marine algae, including many macrophytes, sometimes co-occur in the
same beds with vascular plants, even as epiphytes on vascular plants
(Humm, 1979). However, except for the Characeae, this study has not
attempted to identify, delineate or discuss the algal component of the
vegetation nor its relative importance in the flora.
Ten species of submerged aquatic vegetation exclusive of the algae are
commonly found in the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. Zostera
marina (eelgrass) is dominant in the lower reaches of the bay.
Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil), Potamogeton pectinatus
(sago pondweed), Potamogeton perfoliatus (redhead grass), Zannichettia
palustris (horned pondweed), Vallisneria americana (wild celery), Elodea
canadensis (common elodea), Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) and
Najas guadalupensis (southern naiad) are less tolerant of high salinities
and are found in the middle and upper reaches of the bay (Stevenson and
Confer, 1978; Orth et al., 1979; Orth and Moore, 1981,1983). Ruppia
maritima (widgeon grass) is tolerant of a wide range of salinities and is
found from the bay mouth to the Susquehanna Flats. Approximately
twelve other species are only occasionally found and, when present, occur
primarily in the middle and upper reaches of the bay and the tidal rivers
(Appendix A). Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla), a recently introduced
species, presently dominates SAV beds in the tidal freshwater reaches of
the Potomac River. It has also been reported again in 1991 in the
Susquehanna Flats where its growth has not been as widespread as in the
Potomac River (Kollar, pers. comm.).
Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima are the dominant species
reported from Chincoteague Bay.
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METHODS
Introduction
Black and white aerial photography at a scale of 1:24,000 was the
principal source of information used to assess the distribution and
abundance of SAV in the Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and
Chincoteague Bay in 1991. SAV beds mapped from photographs onto
USGrS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangles were then digitized, providing a
digital data base for analysis of bed area and location. Ground truth
information collected in 1991 was mapped onto the same topographic
quadrangles.
Aerial Photography
The 1991 SAV photography was obtained by Air Photographies
(Martinsburg, West Virginia) using a Wild RC-20 camera, with a 153 mm
(6 inch) focal length Aviogon lens, and Agfa Pan 200 film. The camera was
mounted in the bottom fuselage of the Air Photographies' Piper Aztec, a
twin engine reconnaissance aircraft. Photography was acquired at
approximately 12,000 feet altitude, yielding a 1:24,000 photographic scale.
Flight lines for photography, which were drawn on 1:250,000 scale
USGS maps, were predetermined by Air Photographies to include all areas
known to have SAV, as well as those areas which could potentially have
SAV (i.e. all areas where water depths were less than 2 m at mean low
water). There were 141 flight lines covering approximately 1800 miles of
shoreline and yielding 1527 photographs. Plight lines also included land
features that are necessary as control points for accurate mapping (Fig. 4).
Sections of the upper Rappahannock, upper York, and most of the James
rivers were not flown because of the continued absence of SAV in these
areas.
Flight lines were prioritized by major sections. Flights were timed to
occur at peak standing crop of species known to occur in the sections. In
addition, specific areas with significant coverage were given priority. Prior
approval by the VIMS staff was required to extend dates of flight windows
if necessary. Actual dates of acquisition of photography are noted on each
quadrangle map in Appendix C.
General guidelines for mission planning and execution (Table 1)
address tidal stage, plant growth, sun elevation, water and atmospheric
transparency, turbidity, wind, sensor operation, and plotting. Adherence
to these guidelines assured acquisition of photography under nearly
optimal conditions for detection of SAV, thus insuring accurate photo
interpretation.
Quality assurance and calibration procedures were consistently
followed. The altimeter was calibrated by the Federal Aviation
Administration annually. Photographic settings were selected with an
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KILOMETER
Figure 4. Map of Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and Chincoteague Bay with approximate
locations of flight lines for 1991 SAV photography.
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Table 1
Guidelines Followed During Acquisition of Aerial Photographs.
1. Tidal Stage - Photography was acquired at low tide, +/- 0-1.5 ft., as
predicted by the National Ocean Survey tables.
2. Plant Growth - Imagery was acquired when growth stages ensured
maximum delineation of SAV, and when phenologic stage overlap
was greatest.
3. Sun Angle - Photography was acquired when surface reflection from
sun glint did not cover more than 30 percent of frame. Sun angle was
generally between 20° and 40° to minimize water surface glitter. At
least 60 percent line overlap and 20 percent side lap was used to
minimize image degradation due to sun glint.
4. Turbidity - Photography was acquired when clarity of water ensured
complete delineation of grass beds. This was visually determined
from the airplane to insure that SAV could be seen by the observer.
5. Wind - Photography was acquired during periods of no or low wind.
Off-shore winds were preferred over on-shore winds when wind
conditions could not be avoided.
6. Atmospherics - Photography was acquired during periods of no or low
haze and/or clouds below aircraft. There could be no more than
scattered or thin broken clouds, or thin overcast above aircraft, to
ensure maximum SAV to bottom contrast.
7. Sensor Operation - Photography was acquired in the vertical mode
with less than 5 degrees tilt. Scale/altitude/film/focal length
combination permitted resolution and identification of one square
meter area of SAV (at the surface).
8. Plotting - Each flight line included sufficient identifiable land area to
assure accurate plotting of grass beds.
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automatic exposure control. Sun angle was measured with an indicator on
the plane. Flight lines were plotted on 1:250,000 scale maps to allow for
overlap of photography. To minimize image degradation due to sun glint,
the camera was equipped with a computer controlled intervalometer which
established 60% line overlap and 20% sidelap. An automatic bubble level
held the camera to within one degree tilt. The scale/altitude/film/focal
length combination was coordinated so that SAV patches of one square
meter could be resolved. Wind speed was monitored hourly from the flight
service available in the region. Under normal operating conditions, flights
were usually conducted under wind speeds less than 10 mph. (Above this,
wind generated waves stir the bottom sediments which can easily obscure
SAV beds in less than one hour.) Pilot experience determined what
acceptable level of turbidity would ensure complete delineation of SAV
beds. At low tide the pilot should have been able to distinguish bottom
features such as SAV or algae. When turbid conditions prevailed
photography did not commence.
Determination of cloud cover was based on pilot experience. Records of
this parameter were kept in a flight notebook. Every attempt was made to
acquire photographs with no cloud cover below 12,000 feet. Cloud cover
did not exceed 5% of the area covered by the camera frame. A thin haze
layer above 12,000 feet was generally acceptable. Experience has shown
that the optimal conditions given above generally occur two to three days
following passage of a cold front when winds have shifted from
north-northwest to south and have moderated to less than 10 mph. Where
possible, and within the guidelines given for prioritizing and executing the
photography, flights were planned to coincide with these atmospheric
conditions.
Exposed film was processed by Air Photographies. A contact print was
produced for each exposed frame. Each photograph was labeled with date
of acquisition as well as flight line number. Film and photographs were
stored under appropriate environmental conditions to prevent degradation.
Mapping Process
This study utilized 176 USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle maps
as a basis for mapping SAV beds from aerial photography, for digitizing
the SAV beds, and for compiling SAV bed area measurements. Figure 5
gives locations of topographic quadrangles in the study area which includes
all regions with potential for SAV growth. Most quadrangles are
sequentially numbered for efficient access to data. The name
corresponding to each quadrangle in Figure 5 is listed in Table 2.
Photo-interpretation to identify and delineate SAV beds utilized all
available information including knowledge of aquatic grass signatures on
film, distribution of SAV in 1991 from aerial photography, 1991 ground
truth information, and aerial site surveys. USGS-published 7.5 minute
topographic quadrangle masters (1:24,000 scale) printed by the
Mid-Continent Mapping Center of the USGS on stable transparent mylar
were used as base maps. Identical copies of these base maps were made at
the same scale on stable transparent mylar using a contact diazo process.
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Figure 5. Location of USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangles in the Chesapeake Bay, its
tributaries, and Chincoteague Bay with corresponding code numbers . (See Table 2 for
quad names.)
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Table 2
List of USGS 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangles for the
Chesapeake Bay and Chincoteague Bay SAV Study Areas with
Corresponding Code Numbers. (See Fig. 5 for Location of
Quadrangles. Topographic Quadrangles with SAV Beds Can Be
Found in Appendix C.)
1. Conowingo Dam, Md.-Pa. 46.
2. Aberdeen, Md. 47.
3. Havre de Grace, Md. 48.
4. North East, Md. 49.
5. Elkton, Md.-Del. 50.
6. White Marsh, Md. 51.
7. Edgewood, Md. 52.
8. Ferryman, Md. 53.
9. Spesutie, Md. 54.
10. Earleville, Md. 55.
11. Cecilton,Md. 56.
12. Baltimore East, Md. 57.
13. Middle River, Md. 58.
14. Gunpowder Neck, Md. 59.
15. Hanesville, Md. 60.
16. Betterton, Md. 61.
17. Galena, Md. 62.
18. Curtis Bay, Md. 63.
19. Sparrows Point, Md. 64.
20. Swan Point, Md. 65.
21. Rock Hall, Md. 66.
22. Chestertown, Md 67.
23. Round Bay, Md. 68.
24. Gibson Island, Md. 69.
25. Love Point, Md. 70.
26. Langford Creek, Md. 71.
27. Centreville, Md. 72.
28. Washington West, Md.-D.C.-Va. 73.
29. Washington East, D.C.-Md. 74.
30. South River, Md. 75.
31. Annapolis, Md. 76.
32. Kent Island, Md. 77.
33. Queenstown, Md. 78.
34. Alexandria, Va.-D.C.-Md. 79.
35. Deale.Md. 80.
36. Claiborne, Md. 81.
37. St. Michaels, Md. 82.
38. Easton.Md. 83.
39. PortBelvoir,Va.-Md. 84.
40. Mt.Vemon,Md.-Va. 85.
41. Lower Marlboro, Md. 86.
42. North Beach, Md. 87.
43. Tilghman, Md. 88.
44. Oxford, Md. 89.
45. Trappe, Md. 90.
Preston, Md.
Quantico, Va.-Md.
Indian Head, Va.-Md.
Benedict, Md.
Prince Frederick, Md.
Hudson, Md.
Church Creek, Md.
Cambridge, Md.
East New Market, Md.
Widewater, Va.-Md.
Nanjemoy, Md.
Mathias Point, Md.-Va.
Popes Creek, Md.
Mechanicsville, Md.
Broomes Island, Md.
Cove Point, Md.
Taylors Island, Md.
Golden Hill, Md.
Passapatanzy, Md.-Va.
King George, Va.-Md.
Dahlgren, Va.-Md.
Colonial Beach North, Md.-Va.
Rock Point, Md.
Leonardtown, Md.
Hollywood, Md.
Solomons Island, Md.
Barren Island, Md.
Honga, Md.
Wingate, Md.
Nanticoke, Md.
Colonial Beach South, Va.-Md.
Stratford Hall, Va.-Md.
St. Clements Island, Va.-Md.
Piney Point, Md.-Va.
St. Marys City, Md.
Point No Point, Md.
Richland Point, Md.
Bloodsworth Island, Md.
Deal Island, Md.
Monie, Md.
Champlain, Va.
Machodoc, Va.
Kinsale,Va.-Md.
St. George Island, Va.-Md.
Point Lookout, Md.
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Table 2 (concluded)
91. Hedges Straits, Md.
92. Terrapin Sand Point, Md.
93. Marion, Md.
94. Mount Landing, Va.
95. Tappahannock, Va.
96. Lotteburg, Va.
97. Heathsville,Va.-Md.
98. Burgess, Va.-Md.
99. Ewell, Md.-Va.
100. Great Fox Island, Va.-Md.
101. Crisfield, Md.-Va.
102. Saxis, Va.-Md.
103. Dunnsville, Va.
104. Morattico, Va.
105. Lively, Va.
106. Reedville, Va.
107. Tangier Island, Va.
108. Chesconessex, Va.
109. Parksley.Va.
110. Urbanna, Va.
111. Irvington, Va.
112. Fleets Bay, Va.
113. Nandua Creek
114. Pungoteague, Va.
115. West Point, Va.
116. Saluda,Va.
117. Wilton, Va.
118. Deltaville.Va.
119. Jamesville, Va.
120. Toano.Va.
121. Gressitt,Va.
122. Ware Neck, Va.
123. Mathews,Va.
124. Franktown, Va.
125. Westover.Va.
126. Charles City, Va.
127. Brandon, Va
128. Norge.Va.
129. Williamsburg, Va.
130. Clay Bank, Va.
131. Achilles, Va.
132. New Point Comfort, Va.
133. Cape Charles, Va.
134. Cheriton,Va.
135. Savedge,Va.
136. Claremont, Va.
137. Surry.Va.
138. Hog Island, Va.
139. Yorktown,Va.
140. Poquoson West, Va.
141. Poquoson East, Va.
142. Elliotts Creek, Va.
143. Townsend,Va.
144. Bacons Castle, Va.
145. Mulberry Island, Va.
146. Newport News North, Va.
147. Hampton, Va.
148. Benns Church, Va.
149. Newport News South, Va.
150. Norfolk North, Va.
151. Little Creek, Va.
152. Cape Henry, Va.
153. Chuckatuck, Va.
154. Bowers Hill, Va.
155. Norfolk South, Va.
156. Kempsville, Va.
157. Princess Anne, Va.
158. Wye Mills, Md.
159. Bristol, Md.
160. Fowling Creek, Md.
161. Port Tobacco, Md.
162. Charlotte Hall, Md.
163. Mardela Springs, Md.
164. Wetipquin, Md.
165. Selbyville, Md.
166. Assawoman Bay, Md.
167. Berlin, Md
168. Ocean City, Md.
169. Public Landing, Md.
170. Tingles Island, Md.
171. Girdle Tree, Md.-Va.
172. Boxiron, Md.-Va.
173. Whittington Point, Md.-Va.
174. ChincoteagueWest,Va.
175. Chincoteague East, Va.
176. Anacostia, D.C.-Md.
8
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SAV beds from the 1991 aerial photographs were mapped onto these diazo
copies of USGS topographic quadrangles. Delineation of each SAV bed
onto the topographic quadrangle maps was facilitated by superimposing
the photographic print with the appropriate mylar quadrangle on a light
table. SAV boundaries were then traced directly onto the mylar
quadrangle with a pencil. Where minor scale differences were evident
between a photograph and a quadrangle, or where significant shoreline
erosion or accretion had occurred since USGS publication of a map, either a
best fit was obtained or shoreline changes were noted on the quadrangle.
In addition to delineating SAV bed boundaries, an estimate of percent
cover within each bed was made visually in comparison with an enlarged
Crown Density Scale similar to those developed for estimating of forest
tree crown cover from aerial photography (Kg. 6). Bed density was
classified into one of four categories based on a subjective comparison with
the density scale. These were: 1, very sparse (<10% coverage); 2, sparse
(10 to 40%); 3, moderate (40 to 70%); or 4, dense (70-100%). Either the
entire bed or subsections within the bed were assigned a number (1 to 4)
corresponding to the above density categories. Additionally, each distinct
SAV unit (bed or bed subsection) was assigned an identifying two letter
designation unique to its map. Subsections of beds were further identified
as being part of a contiguous bed by the addition of two letters unique to
each contiguous bed. These contiguous bed descriptions aid the tracking of
a single bed between quad sheets as well as the analysis of those beds that
had to be separated due to variation in SAV density.
SAV Perimeter Digitization
The perimeters of all SAV beds mapped from the aerial photography
were digitized in a clockwise direction using a Numonics Model 2400/2200
DigiTablet Graphics Analysis System having a resolution of .001 inches
(.00254 cm) and an accuracy of .005 inches (.0127 cm). Coordinates were
transmitted to a PRIME 9955 computer for data manipulation via software
developed at VIMS. The perimeter of each SAV bed was defined by a
polygon with a linear data point density of 127 per chart inch (50 per cm, 5
meter ground resolution). The total number of points defining any SAV
bed is dependent on overall bed size. The SAV bed perimeter was stored as
X and Y coordinates in centimeters from the quadrangle origin flower left
corner).
Tests of Precision and Accuracy
Prior to each digitization session, the Numonics instrument was
checked manually against a digitizing standard. After a map had been
secured to the digitizing tablet, the standard was secured to the map and
digitized four times. The information from digitizing the standard was
transmitted to the beginning of the SAV bed perimeter file on the PRIME
computer. This same procedure was followed at the end of each digitizing
session. When this file was processed by the computer, the digitized area
-------
0-10
15
25
35
10-40
45
55
65
40-70
75
85
95
70-100
PERCENT CROWN COVER
Figure 6. Crown density scale used for determining density of SAV beds: (1) very sparse, 0-
(2) sparse, 10-40%; (3) moderate, 40-70%; (4) dense, 70-100%.
10
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of each standard was compared to the known area of the standard. If a
variation between the known and the mean of the observed areas exceeded
1.0%, a warning was printed advising the operator to check the digitizing
system. In addition, checks were made with respect to the absolute
location of the digitizing standard as secured to the map. A comparison
was made between the location of the standard before and after the
digitizing session. If the absolute location differed by more then 0.10 cm
another warning to check the system was printed. Any movement in
absolute location can be indicative of digitizer instrument drift or chart
movement during the digitization session. These checks assure that the
final calculated bed locations are as accurate as possible.
Maximum accuracy was maintained by exclusively using mylar
topographic quadrangles rather than paper ones which can change scale as
a function of changes in air temperature and humidity in the digitizer
room.
A complete outline of the digitization procedure can be found in Orth et
al., 1988.
Standard Operating Procedures for Quality Assurance/Quality
Control
Standard operating procedures (SOPs) were developed to facilitate
orderly and efficient processing of the 1991 SAV maps and the SAV bed
perimeter computer files produced from them, and to comply with the need
for consistency, quality assurance, and quality control. SOPs developed
include: a detailed procedure outlining 46 steps for digitization of SAV
maps; a 47 step checklist for editing SAV perimeter computer files to
insure completeness and accuracy; a digitizer log in which all operations
were recorded and dated, and which was used to guide and record editing
operations; and a flow chart used to track progress of all operations
including all changes in file names. Examples of these SOPs are in Orth et
al., 1988.
Choice of Representative SAV Bed
Every SAV bed mean area was the result of at least four independent
digitizations of the outline of each SAV bed as part of a quality
assurance/quality control program designed to isolate and remove
anomolous data and produce accurate and representative SAV bed
polygons. The computer calculated area for each replication, and the three
bed outlines or perimeters most similar in terms of area were then used for
the calculation of a mean area. The areas used in the mean area
calculation had to be, by contract, within 5% or less from that of the mean
area. All beds whose area! difference were in excess of 5% of the mean bed
area were flagged by the VIMS quality assurance quality control computer
program for additional error assesment. The VIMS error rate was
normally less than 1%. The replicate bed whose area was most similar to
the mean area was identified as the "best bed". The best bed area and
11
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perimeter coordinate points were then saved by the computer program and
transferred to the ARC/INFO GIS system for area calculations.
Conversion of SAV Perimeter Points from X,Y Centimeters to
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Coordinates in
ARC/INFO 5.0.1 Format
The EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Computer Center manages its
geographic data base using Environmental Systems Research Institute
(ESRI) ARC/INFO Geographic Information System (GIS) (ESRI, 1989).
During 1992, the VIMS SAV program also began converting its operation
from the Prime to ARC/INFO based on a SUN Spare 2 Unix workstation.
With the assistance of the Virginia Council on the Environment EcoMAPS
program, procedures were developed in 1991 to convert/transform the best
bed perimeter points from X,Y centimeters to UTM based coordinates in
ARC/INFO 5.0.1 format. This involved construction of data transfer files
in an ARC/INFO standard format ("generate"). This was done on the
VIMS PRIME for each topographic quadrangle with SAV beds present.
Four files per quadrangle were produced:
1. Polygon file containing SAV bed coordinates in digitizer-based
centimeters.
2. Attribute file containing SAV bed labels, density, species composition,
and dates.
3. Tic file containing map corner locations in digitizer-based coordinates
(cm).
4. Geo file containing corresponding latitude and longitude positions for
map corners.
The generate files were then transferred to the workstation and
imported into the ARC/INFO system.
A set of automated ARC/INFO routines were used to input
quadrangle-based SAV "generate" data into ARC/INFO 5.0,1 format, and
to assist in interactive editing of SAV polygons. ARC-based SAV polygons
were displayed and edited by VIMS staff. SAV polygons appearing on the
computer display screen were compared to their counterparts on the mylar
quad maps. Discrepancies and artifacts were edited using a suite of
ARC/INFO editing "tools". ARC/INFO-based data sets were considered
satisfactory for submission to the EPA when the shape, location, and label
of all SAV beds corresponded to those on the base mylar quad input map.
ARC/INFO-based SAV data were transformed to UTM coordinates, Zone
18, and submitted to EPA for final review, analysis, and deposition to
archives.
Calculation of 1991 SAV Areas
The SAV coverages in UTM ARC/INFO Zone 18 format were used to
calculate area in square meters for all SAV beds. These areas are reported
as quadrangle totals in Table 4, and section and zone totals in Tables 5 and
6. Section and zone totals were calculated by using an overlay operation of
12
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the polygons on the SAY beds in ARC/INFO. The definition of the sections
used in this analysis are provided in Table 3.
Organizational Procedures for Analysis and Discussion
Discussion of the distribution of SAY in the Chesapeake Bay and
tributaries has been organized into three zones as established by Orth and
Moore (1982) and modified by Orth et al., (1989) (Fig. 7). The area
between the mouth of the bay to a line stretching from the mouth of the
Potomac River at Smith Point in Virginia to approximately 3 nautical
miles south of Tangier Island then extending to the eastern side of the bay
to an area just south of the mouth of the Little Annemessex River is
referred to as the Lower Bay zone.
The area between the south shore of the Little Annemessex River and
the south shore of the Potomac River to the Chesapeake Bay bridge at
Kent Island is referred to as the Middle Bay zone. The area between the
Chesapeake Bay bridge and the Susquehanna Flats is referred to as the
Upper Bay zone. The salinity within each zone roughly coincides with the
major salinity zones of estuaries: polyhaline (18-25°/oo), Lower zone;
mesohaline (5-18%o), Middle zone; oligohaline (0.5-5 %o), Upper zone.
Although the major rivers and smaller tributaries of the bay have their
own salinity regimes, the distribution of SAY in each river is discussed
within the zone where it connects to the bay proper.
In addition, 21 major sections of the bay are identified for more detailed
discussion of SAY distribution (Fig. 7, Table 3). These sections, which were
first delineated for the 1984 survey (Orth et al., 1985) and slightly modified
for the 1987 survey (Orth et al., 1989), denote relatively distinct parts of
the bay and its tributaries that are readily identifiable from a map. The
section boundaries used for analysis and discussion of the 1991 SAY
distribution and abundance data are those used for the 1987,1989, and
1990 reports (Orth et al., 1989; Orth and Nowak, 1990, Orth et al., 1991).
Sections 1 through 4 are located in the Upper Bay zone. Sections 5
through 13 are located in the Middle Bay zone, and sections 14 through 21
are located in the Lower Bay zone. Appendix B gives the latitude and
longitude of the boundary points of each Chesapeake Bay section and
Chincoteague Bay in decimal degrees. SAY distribution in Chincoteague
Bay is presented and discussed separately from the Chesapeake Bay.
13
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oc
UJ
o.
Q_
UJ
Q
O
DC
UJ
O
Chesapeake
Bay
Figure 7. Location of Chincoteague Bay and Chesapeake Bay with Upper, Middle, and Lower
zones and 21 sections used for delineation of SAV distribution patterns. (See Table 3
and Appendix B for exact boundary positions.)
14
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Table 3
Area Descriptions for Each of the 21 Major Sections of the
Chesapeake Bay SAV Study Area.
Section 1. Susquehanna Flats - all areas between and including
Spesutie Island and Turkey Point at the mouth of the Elk
River to include the Northeast River.
Section 2. Upper Eastern Shore - all areas in the Elk, Bohemia, and
Sassafras Rivers, and SAV in areas on the eastern shore
above the Swan Point quadrangle.
Section 3. Upper Western Shore - all areas south of Spesutie Island and
north of the bay bridge to include the Bush, Gunpowder,
Middle, Patapsco, and Magothy Rivers.
Section 4. Chester River - includes all of the Chester River, Eastern
Neck, areas north of the bay bridge on Kent Island, and
south of Swan Point, and to include SAV on the Swan Point
quadrangle.
Section 5. Central Western Shore - all areas south of the bay bridge and
north of Holland Point on Herring Bay to include the Severn,
South, and West Rivers and Herring Bay.
Section 6. Eastern Bay - all areas south of the bay bridge on Kent Island
and north of Tilghman Island from Green Marsh Point to
include the Wye, East, and Miles Rivers, Crab Alley Bay,
Prospect Bay, and Poplar, Jefferson, and Coaches Islands.
Section 7. Choptank River - all areas south of Tilghman Island from
Green Marsh Point and north of Taylor Island to include the
Choptank and Little Choptank Rivers.
Section 8. Patuxent River - all areas in the Patuxent River.
Section 9. Middle Western Shore - all areas south of Holland Point at
Herring Bay and north of Point Lookout on the Potomac River
but not the mouth of the Patuxent River.
Section 10. Lower Potomac River - all areas between the mouth of the
Potomac River to a line extending from Maryland Point on
the north shore, just above Nanjemoy Creek, to Somersett
Beach on the south shore.
Section 11. Upper Potomac River - all areas from upriver limit of the
Lower Potomac River Section to Chain Bridge at Washington
B.C.
15
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Table 3 (concluded)
Section 12,** Middle Eastern Shore - all areas south of Taylor Island and
north of a line bisecting Cedar Island to include the Big and
Little Annemessex Rivers, Fishing Bay, and the Honga,
Nanticoke, Wicomico, and Manokin Rivers.
Section 13.** Mid-bay Island Complex - all areas in and adjacent to
Bloodsworth, South Marsh, Smith, and Tangier Islands.
Section 14.** Lower Eastern Shore - all areas south of a line bisecting
Cedar Island and located just above the Maryland-Virginia
line to Fisherman's Island.
Section 15. Reedville Region - includes the area between Windmill Point
on the Rappahannock River, and Smith Point at the mouth of
the Potomac River.
Section 16. Rappahannock River Complex - includes the entire
Rappahannock River, Piankatank River, and Milford Haven
area.
Section 17. New Point Comfort Region - includes the area fronting the
bay from the lighthouse at New Point Comfort north to, but
not including, the bay entrance to Milford Haven.
Section 18.** Mobjack Bay Complex - includes the East, North, Ware, and
Severn Rivers, the north shore of the Mobjack Bay from New
Pt. Comfort lighthouse to the North River, and north of a line
bisecting the large shoal area around the Guinea Marsh area.
Section 19.** York River - all areas along the north shore from Clay Bank
to the Guinea Marsh area and south of a line bisecting the
large shoal area around the Guinea Marsh area, and along
the south shore to include the north shore of Goodwin Island.
Section 20.** Lower Western Shore - includes all areas south of Goodwin
Island to Broad Bay off Lynnhaven Inlet, excluding the
James River.
Section 21. James River - all SAV in the James River including the
Chickahominy River.
**- Sections 12,13,14,18,19, and 20 were given new boundaries for the 1987
report (Orth et al., 1989) which also changed the delineation of the three
major zones. These new boundaries were retained for the 1989 and 1990
reports (Orth and Nowak, 1990; Orth et al., 1991) and for this report. (Refer
to Figure 7 and Appendix B for boundary locations.)
16
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Ground Truth and Other Data Bases
Ground truthing was accomplished by cooperative efforts of a number of
agencies and individuals. Although not all areas of the bay were
groundtruthed this program does provide valuable supplemental
information. This program confirmed the existence of some SAV beds
mapped from 1991 aerial photography, located a few 1991 SAV beds not
visible from the photography, and provided species data for many of these
beds. Ground truth survey information supplied to VIMS researchers was
included on the SAV distribution and abundance maps reproduced in
Appendix C to show positions of the survey stations in relation to the 1991
beds of SAV mapped from the aerial photographs. Each survey was
designated by a unique symbol to identify the different methods of
sampling. In most cases, the symbols on the SAV maps (Appendix C) have
been enlarged and offset from the actual sampling point to avoid confusion
with the mapped SAV bed. Where species information was available, it was
included on the map. Because of space limitations on the maps reproduced
in Appendix C, in some cases certain survey points were omitted, or data
from one or more survey points were combined whore the information was
duplicated. Additionally, all ground truth data supplied to VIMS referenced
on copies of 1990 SAV maps were tabulated ir. Appendix E and cross-
referenced at VIMS by 1991 bed locations.
For those areas in Virginia waters where aerial photographic evidence of
SAV beds was inconclusive, photo-verificaticn was accomplished by ground
truthing. Observations were principally made from small boats and by
divers snorkeling over areas indicated from the photographs. In several
river systems included in this survey (York, Piankatank and
Rappahannock) where VIMS researchers transplanted SAV (principally
eelgrass), transplant sites were also examined carefully by divers for any
extant SAV. VIMS scientists also surveyed a number of sites in the bay as
part of an intensive quantitative SAV study (VIMS, unpublished data).
Citizen Field Observation data for Virginia waters (compiled by the
USFWS) were also added to the 1991 Virginia SAV maps reproduced in
Appendix C. In addition, a great deal of ground truth information could be
extrapolated from earlier studies (Orth et al., 1979; Orth and Moore, 1982)
since SAV beds in the lower buy contain primarily one or two species and
have not undergone drastic fluctuations in distribution and abundance since
the first bay-wide survey in 1978.
In Maryland, ground truth data were obtained in 1991 by the
Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (COG) Potomac River
survey, three SAV research projects, the USFWS, the Maryland DNR, and
the Citizens' volunteer survey (this data set was compiled by the USFWS
along with their own survey data). USFWS personnel surveyed selected
locations in the upper bay, including the Potomac River, by boat using rakes
to collect samples to determine presence or absence of SAV. All plant
samples collected by USFWS were identified to species. Citizen
groundtruthing identified plants to species when possible. SAV sightings
17
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were referenced on USGS 7.5 minute topographic maps. USFWS staff
transferred data from these surveys to full-scale copies of 1990 SAV
distribution maps (USGS 7.5 minute topographic quads with 1990 SAV
beds). These USFWS-prepared survey maps were supplied to VIMS SAV
researchers and survey data were transferred by VIMS staff to the 1991
SAV distribution maps reproduced in Appendix C. USFWS survey data
were tabulated, locating each SAV siting by listing its associated 1990 bed.
This table was supplied to VIMS where additional survey data were added
and it became the basis for the much expanded table published in
Appendix E. In this latter VIMS version of the USFWS table, all ground
truth data were added from the additional surveys, as noted in this report,
and all were cross-referenced by 1991 bed locations as well as by 1990 bed
locations.
The field study in the Potomac River by the COG, which covered the
shoreline areas from the District of Columbia (D.C.) to Aquia Creek used
shoreline surveys to document the distribution of SAV in the tidal
freshwater and transition zones of the Potomac River and tributaries
(Maps 28, 34, 39,40,47,48, 55, and 64) in September. This survey was
done by boat, using rakes to collect samples to determine presence or
absence of SAV. Plants were identified by species and the proportion of
each was estimated for vegetated areas. Each vegetated area with species
proportions was referenced on USGS 7.5 minute topographic maps by the
surveyors. The USFWS and Citizens' Survey also collected ground truth
data from tributaries of the Potomac. The USFWS surveyed the Port
Tobacco River, while the Citizens' Survey covered Nanjemoy and
Piscataway creeks. Survey maps were supplied to VIMS SAV researchers.
Patuxent River ground truth data were obtained by the Citizens' Survey.
Data from these surveys were transferred by VIMS staff to the 1991 SAV
distribution maps (reproduced in Appendix C) and were tabulated in
Appendix E.
One 1991 SAV project being conducted on the Susquehanna Flats by
Stan Kollar of Harford Community College provided data in the form of
species presence by percentage, primarily by visual estimates. A SAV
research group headed by William Dennison at the University of Maryland
Horn Point Environmental Laboratories (HPEL) also provided 1991
ground truth data in collaboration with the VIMS research team. This was
part of the intensive quantitative study mentioned earlier (VIMS,
unpublished data). The Essex Community College SAV Research Group of
Baltimore County, Maryland, contributed ground truth data for quads 13
and 14. The National Park Service, Assateague Island, as well as citizens,
provided ground truthing for Chincoteague Bay. Maps of these study sites
with species data were provided to VIMS researchers. Species locations
from these data were added to the 1991 SAV maps reproduced in Appendix
C and were tabulated in Appendix E by VIMS staff.
In addition to the scientific surveys, private citizens participated in
identifying 1991 SAV beds by checking for presence of SAV at previous
years' SAV bed locations in certain areas in the bay, and by identifying
new SAV beds in 1991. Private citizens volunteered to assist in the 1991
18
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SAV ground survey under guidance of the USFWS and the Chesapeake
Bay Foundation (CBF). This program entailed identifying and recording
the location of SAV in the bay in 1991. Volunteers, who were
recruited through press releases, newsletters, and personal letters, were
provided with a SAV identification guide, reduced 1990 SAV maps to aid in
location of SAV beds, and data sheets for reporting visits to numerous sites
around the bay. Each volunteer was asked to identify the location where
SAV was sighted, and to identify the species. All information from the
Citizens' Survey was submitted to Kathryn Reshetiloff (USFWS) for
processing. SAV sitings reported by the Citizens' Survey were mapped on
1990 SAV maps. As previously explained, USFWS personnel also
tabulated data from most of the 1991 Citizens' Survey along with their own
survey's data, listing each SAV siting by 1990 bed location. VIMS staff
mapped these data on 1991 maps reproduced in Appendix C, and data
were tabulated in Appendix E.
19
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RESULTS
Data Presentation
SAV distribution data are presented by topographic quadrangle (Table 4), by
section and zone (Table 5), and by quadrangles within a section (Table 6).
Topographic quadrangle maps annotated with all SAV beds are presented in Appendix
C, while individual bed areas for each quadrangle are given in Appendix D. Appendix
E tabulates all ground truth data for 1991. The 1991 SAV distribution data and
species occurrences are first discussed relative to the Upper, Middle, and Lower Bay
zones, respectively. The 21 sections of the Chesapeake Bay, and Chincoteague Bay,
are then discussed individually and the data compared to results from the 1990 survey
of SAV distribution and abundance (Orth, et al., 1991). SAV is plotted for each
section and for Chincoteague Bay in Figures 8 through 29. SAV is plotted in red, a
bold black line represents a section boundary, and USGS 7.5 minute topographic
quadrangles are represented by a grid of numbered rectangles. (Refer to Table 2 for
quadrangle names listed by map number.)
1991 SUMMARY
In 1991, the Chesapeake Bay had 25,623 hectares of SAV, compared to 24,296
hectares in 1990, with 2,158 hectares (8.4%), 11,664 hectares (45.5%), and 11,802
hectares (46.1%) occurring in the Upper, Middle, and Lower Bay zones, respectively
(Figs. 1,2, and 3).
Upper Bay Zone
In 1991 seventy-eight percent (1,684 hectares) of the SAV within the Upper Bay
zone was located in the Susquehanna Flats (Section 1). Eight species of SAV were
documented by ground truth surveys in this section, with Myriophyllum spicatum
being dominant. A recently introduced exotic species, Hydrilla verticillata, was found
in the Flats but occurred in small isolated beds. Overall abundance of SAV declined
from the 1990 (1,773 hectares) level, but the density of beds increased slightly from
1990. Eighty-nine percent of all SAV beds in the Flats were classified as very sparse
(0-10% coverage), and 7% of beds were classified as dense (70-100% coverage). This
is a slight improvement over 1990 coverage when 92% were very sparse and 5% of
beds were classified as dense. In the Upper Eastern Shore (Section 2) there were 326
hectares of SAV (95 hectares less than in 1990) located principally in the Elk and
lower Sassafras rivers, and Swan, Stillpond, and Churn creeks, with many of the same
species as reported in the Susquehanna Flats section. The Upper Western Shore
(Section 3) had 91 hectares of SAV, primarily M. spicatum and Vallisneria
americana, concentrated in Saltpeter and Dundee creeks. This is similar to 1990 when
there were 90.47 hectares. In the Chester River (Section 4) SAV abundance (57
hectares) was down 10 hectares from 1990. SAV was most abundant adjacent to
Eastern Neck, Eastern Neck Island, and in the lower Chester River. In this region
Ruppia maritima was the most abundant of seven species reported.
20
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Table 4
Total Area of SAV in Hectares by USGS 7.5 Minute Topographic
Quadrangles for 1990 and 1991.
QUADRANGLE
001. Conowingo Dam, Md.-Pa.
002. Aberdeen, Md.
003. Havre de Grace, Md.
004. North East, Md.
005. Elkton, Md.-Del.
006. White Marsh, Md.
007. Edgewood, Md.
008. Ferryman, Md,
009. Spesutie, Md.
010. Earleville, Md
Oil. Cecilton, Md.
012. Baltimore East, Md.
013. Middle River, Md.
014. Gunpowder Neck, Md.
015. Hanesville, Md.
016. Betterton, Md.
017. Galena, Md.
018. Curtis Bay, Md.
019. Sparrows Point, Md.
020. Swan Point, Md.
021. Rock Hall, Md.
022. Chestertown, Md.
023. Round Bay, Md.
024. Gibson Island, Md.
025. Love Point, Md.
026. Langford Creek, Md.
027. Centreville, Md.
028. Washington West, Md.-D.C.
029. Washington East, D.C.-Md.
030. South River, Md.
031. Annapolis, Md.
032. Kent Island, Md.
033. Queenstown, Md.
034. Alexandria, Va.-D.C.-Md.
035. Deale, Md.
1990
1991
-
2.12
1,768.85
146.75
39.65
-
0
0
50.84
166.22
-
-
.69
89.78
6.32
4.23
7.90
*
#
6.46
11.99
0
#
*
0
47.75
0
0
*
*
#
133.08
55.76
400.23
f
0
8.79
1,652.84
75.36
24.97
#
0
0
87.15
155.01
0
0
4.40
84.24
4.02
.60
3.89
#
#
3.81
9.74
0
#
#
0
42.04
0
3.96
#
#
*
1.58
4.24
453.72
*
21
-------
Table 4 (continued)
QUADRANGLE
036. Claiborne, Md.
037. St. Michaels, MA
038. Eastern, Md.
039. Fort Belvoir, Va.-Md.
040. Mt. Vernon, Va.-Md.
041. Lower Marlboro, Md.
042. North Beach, Md.
043. Tilghman, Md.
044. Oxford, Md.
045. Trappe, Md.
046. Preston, Md.
047. Quantico, Va.-Md.
048. Indian Head, Md.- Va.
049. Benedict, Md.
050. Prince Frederick, Md.
051. Hudson, Md.
052. Church Creek, Md.
053. Cambridge, Md.
054. East New Market, Md.
055.Widewater,Va.-Md.
056. Nanjemoy, Md.
057. Mathias Point, Md.-Va.
058. Popes Creek, Md.
059. Mechanicsville, Md.
060. Broomes Island, Md.
061. Cove Point, Md.
062. Taylors Island, Md.
063. Golden Hill, Md.
064. Passapatanzy, Md.-Va.
065. King George, Va.-Md.
066. Dahlgren, Va.-Md.
067. Colonial Beach North, Va.
068. Rock Point, Md.
069. Leonardtown, Md.
070. Hollywood, Md.
071. Solomons Island, Md.
072. Barren Island, Md.
073. Honga, Md.
1990
139.11
62.76
#
105.16
358.03
#
0
11.83
19.28
0
0
694.15
303.92
#
0
96.63
6.45
0
0
614.49
126.91
284.%
4.86
0
0
#
58.41
4.05
0
52.97
51.59
45.86
#
#
#
#
299.56
1,005.06
1991
59.47
3.68
#
160.27
526.17
#
-
12.54
6.28
0
0
805.93
355.27
#
-
62.85
2.24
0
0
648.13
140.79
290.27
20.13
0
#
#
30.01
8.92
#
64.17
58.33
46.62
#
0
#
#
121.72
861.83
22
-------
Table 4 (continued)
QUADRANGLE
074. Wingate, Md.
075. Nanticoke, Md.
076. Colonial Beach South, Va.
077. Stratford Hall, Va.-Md.
078. St. Clements Island, Va.-Md.
079. Piney Point, Md.-Va.
080. St. Mary's City, Md.
081. Point No Point, Md.
082. Richland Point, Md.
083. Bloodsworth Island, Md.
084. Deal Island, Md.
085. Monie, Md.
086. Champlain, Va.
087. Machodoc, Va.
088. Kinsale, Va.-Md.
089. St. George Island, Md.-VA
090. Point Lookout, Md.
091. Kedges Straits, Md.
092. Terrapin Sand Point, Md.
093. Marion, Md.
094. Mount Landing, Va.
095. Tappahannock, Va.
096. Lottsburg, Va.
097. Heathsville, Va.-Md.
098. Burgess, Va.-Md.
099. Ewell, Md.-Va.
100. Great Fox Island, Md.-Va.
101. Crisfield, Md.-Va.
102. Saxis, Va.-Md.
103. Dunnsville, Va.
104. Morattico, Va.
105. Lively, Va.
106. Reedville, Va.
107. Tangier Island, Va.
108. Chesconessex, Va.
109. Parksley, Va.
110. Urbanna, Va.
111. Irvington, Va.
1990
399.64
0
0
0
0
#
0
0
30.79
699.45
39.05
18.33
-
0
0
0
0
875.24
256.95
191.96
-
-
0
0
0
2,442.48
1,372.34
226.44
.78
-
0
0
226.76
749.74
952.46
339.38
15.89
221.48
1991
460.31
0
0
0
#
0
0
-
20.91
801.70
24.35
7.28
0
0
0
1.74
0
884.83
261.07
305.93
-
-
0
0
0
2,605.93
1,421.02
318.73
1.26
-
0
0
242.79
782.21
1,052.51
483.10
5.39
165.03
23
-------
Table 4 (continued)
QUADRANGLE
112. Fleets Bay, Va.
113. Nandua Creek, Va.
114. Pungoteague, Va.
115. West Point, Va.
116. Saluda, Va.
117. Wilton, Va.
118. Deltaville, Va.
119. Jamesville, Va.
120. Toano, Va.
121. Gressitt, Va.
122. Ware Neck, Va.
123. Mathews, Va.
124. Franktown, Va.
125. Westover, Va.
126. Charles City, Va.
127. Brandon, Va.
128. Norge, Va.
129. Williamsburg, Va.
130. Clay Bank, Va.
131. Achilles, Va.
132. New Point Comfort, Va.
133. Cape Charles, Va.
134. Cheriton, Va.
135. Savedge, Va.
136. Claremont, Va.
137. Surry, Va.
138. Hog Island, Va.
139. Yorktown, Va.
140. Poquoson West, Va.
141. Poquoson East, Va.
142. Elliotts Creek, Va.
143. Townsend, Va.
144. Bacons Castle, Va.
145. Mulberry Island, Va.
146. Newport News North, Va.
147. Hampton, Va.
148. Benns Church, Va.
1990
381.44
364.46
823.09
0
1.97
48.63
90.50
509.45
302.98
196.06
484.56
#
1.68
540.40
1,007.92
28.20
1.51
342.10
1991
391.85
441.55
976.18
0
16.00
107.54
621.64
321.73
260.64
627.61
#
1.48
996.40
1,398.44
318.81
70.93
0
1,010.88
1,448.69
362.17
82.73
#
.71
554.65
1,151.41
68.17
.72
381.24
24
-------
Table 4 (concluded)
QUADRANGLE 1990 1991
149. Newport News South, Va. 0
150. Norfolk North, Va. 0
151. Little Creek, Va. 0 0
152. Cape Henry, Va. 28.31 23.66
153. Chuckatuck, Va.
154. Bowers Hill, Va.
155. Norfolk South, Va.
156. Kempsville, Va.
157. Princess Anne, Va. .73 0
158. Wye Mills, Md. 0 0
159. Bristol, Md. # 0
160. Fowling Creek, Md. 0 0
161. Port Tobacco, Md. 11.89 12.65
162. Charlotte Hall, Md. 0 8.97
163. Mardela Springs, Md. 0 0
164. Wetipquin, Md. 0 0
165. Selbyville, Md. 0 0
166. Assawoman Bay, Md. 0 1.23
167. Berlin, Md. 6.34 11.13
168. Ocean City, Md. 19.76 17.67
169. Public Landing, Md. 0 0
170. Tingles Island, Md. 993.17 1,066.44
171. Girdle Tree, Md.-Va. 0 0
172. Boxiron, Md.-Va. 635.15 672.52
173. Whittington Point, Md.-VA 239.86 363.68
174. Chincoteague West, Va. 0 .63
175. Chincoteague East, Va. 598.66 612.86
176. Anacostia, D.C.-Md. 0 0
TOTAL SAV - Chesapeake Bay 24,295.79 25,623.47
TOTAL SAV-Chincoteague Bay 2492.95 2,746.17
NOTES:
Indicates quadrangle not photographed and assumed to have no SAV.
0 Indicates quadrangle photographed and no SAV noted.
# SAV detected by ground truthing only.
25
-------
Table 5
Number of Hectares of SAV in 1990 and 1991 for the 21 Major
Sections and Three Zones of the Chesapeake Bay and for
Chincoteague Bay.
ZONE
Upper
Middle
Lower
Total
Total
SECTION
1. Susquehanna Flats
2. Upper Eastern Shore
3. Upper Western Shore
4. Chester River
Zone Total
5. Central Western Shore
6. Eastern Bay
7. Choptank River
8. Patuxent River
9. Middle Western Shore
10. Lower Potomac River
11. Upper Potomac River
12. Middle Eastern Shore
13. Mid-Bay Island Complex
Zone Total
AREA
(HECTARES)
1990 1991
1,772.74 1,684.06
420.57 326.19
90.47 91.00
67.32 56.68
2,351.10 2,157.93
0.00
389.18
192.60
0.00
0.00
531.85
2,523.18
2,284.60
5,396.71
11,318.12
14. Lower Eastern Shore 4,823.39
15. Reedville 608.20
16. Rappahannock River Complex 544.14
17. New Point Comfort Region 356.91
18. Mobjack Bay Complex 1,703.48
19. York River 790.87
20. Lower Western Shore 1,796.84
21. James River 2.73
Zone Total
SAV for Chesapeake Bay
SAV for Chincoteague Bay
10,626.56
24,295.79
2,492.95
0.00
67.89
113.92
0.00
0.00
581.10
3,016.04
2,177.51
5,707.36
11,663.82
5,719.50
634.64
508.93
338.87
1,787.76
803.53
2,005.75
2.74
11,801.72
25,623.47
2,746.17
26
-------
Table 6
Number of Square Meters of SAV in 1991 for Each Quadrangle of
the 21 Sections in the Chesapeake Bay and of Chincoteague Bay.
(Map Code Numbers from Table 2 in Parentheses.)
SECTION
Susquehanna Flats -1
Upper Eastern Shore - 2
Upper Western Shore - 3
QUADRANGLE
Conowingo Dam (1)
Aberdeen (2)
Havre de Grace (3)
North East (4)
Elkton (5)
Ferryman (8)
Spesutie (9)
Earleville (10)
AREA
0.00
87,854.22
16,528,372.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
224,397.45
O.QQ
16,840,623.71 sq.m
1,684.06 hectares
4,161.32 acres
North East (4)
Elkton (5)
Ferryman (8)
Spesutie (9)
Earleville (10)
Cecilton (11)
Gunpowder Neck (14)
Hanesville (15)
Betterton (16)
Galena (17)
Swan Point (20)
Rock Hall (21)
Chestertown (22)
753,561.57
249,674.66
0.00
623,425.10
1,550,110.67
0.00
0.00
40,200.46
6000.27
38,897.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
3,261,870.53 sq.m
326.19 hectares
806.01 acres
White Marsh (6)
Edgewood (7)
Ferryman (8)
Spesutie (9)
Baltimore East (12)
Middle River (13)
Gunpowder Neck (14)
0.00
0.00
0.00
23,662.02
0.00
44,006.71
842,359.28
27
-------
Table 6 (continued)
SECTION
QUADRANGLE
Upper Western Shore - 3 (continued)
Hanesville (15)
Curtis Bay (18)
Sparrows Point (19)
Swan Point (20)
Round Bay (23)
Gibson Island (24)
Love Point (25)
Chester River - 4
Central Western Shore - 5
Betterton (16)
Galena (17)
Swan Point (20)
Rock Hall (21)
Chestertown (22)
Love Point (25)
Langford Creek (26)
Centreville (27)
Kent Island (32)
Queenstown (33)
Curtis Bay (18)
Round Bay (23)
Gibson Island (24)
South River (30)
Annapolis (31)
Deale (35)
North Beach (42)
AREA
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
o.nn
910,028.01 sq.m
91.00 hectares
224.87 acres
0.00
0.00
38,128.53
97,388.73
0.00
0.00
420,387.02
0.00
0.00
10r855.25
566,759.53 sq.m
56.68 hectares
140.05 acres
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
o.no
0.00 sq.m
0.00 hectares
0.00 acres
Eastern Bay - 6
Centreville (27)
Annapolis (31)
0.00
0.00
28
-------
Table 6 (continued)
SECTION
Eastern Bay - 6 (continued)
Choptank River - 7
Patuxent River - 8
QUADRANGLE
Kent Island (32)
Queenstown (33)
Claiborne (36)
St. Michaels (37)
Easton (38)
Tilghman (43)
Oxford (44)
Wye Mills (158)
Centreville (27)
Claiborne (36)
St. Michaels (37)
Easton (38)
Tilghman (43)
Oxford (44)
Trappe(45)
Preston (46)
Hudson (51)
Church Creek (52)
Cambridge (53)
East New Market (54)
Taylors Island (62)
Golden Hill (63)
Nanticoke (75)
Wye Mills (158)
Fowling Creek (160)
AREA
15,831.92
31,494.79
594,702.21
36,845.75
0.00
0.00
0.00
Q.QQ
678,874.67 sq.m
67.89 hectares
167.75 acres
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
125,408.08
62,772.74
0.00
0.00
628,458.07
22,390.68
0.00
0.00
300,132.97
0.00
0.00
0.00
Q.QO
Deale (35)
Lower Marlboro (41)
North Beach (42)
Benedict (49)
Prince Frederick (50)
Mechanicsville (59)
1,139,162.54 sq.m
113.92 hectares
281.49 acres
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
29
-------
Table 6 (continued)
SECTION
Patuxent River - 8 (continued)
Middle Western Shore - 9
Lower Potomac River -10
QUADRANGLE
Broomes Island (60)
Cove Point (61)
Hollywood (70)
Solomons Island (71)
Bristol (159)
Charlotte Hall (162)
North Beach (42)
Prince Frederick (50)
Hudson (51)
Broomes Island (60)
Cove Point (61)
Taylors Island (62)
Solomons Island (71)
Barren Island (72)
St. Marys City (80)
Point No Point (81)
Richland Point (82)
Point Lookout (90)
Nanjemoy (56)
Mathias Point (57)
Popes Creek (58)
Mechanicsville (59)
King George (65)
Dahlgren (66)
Colonial Beach North
Rock Point (68)
Leonardtown (69)
Hollywood (70)
Solomons Island (71)
Colonial Beach South
Stratford Hall (77)
(67)
(76)
AREA
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 sq.m
0.00 hectares
0.00 acres
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
DJQQ.
0.00 sq.m
0.00 hectares
0.00 acres
1,407,941.03
2,902,732.51
201,296.25
0.00
140,416.50
583,297.24
466,224.38
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
30
-------
Table 6 (continued)
SECTION QUADRANGLE AREA
Lower Potomac River -10 (continued)
St. Clements Island (78) 0.00
Piney Point (79) 0.00
St. Marys City (80) 0.00
Champlain (86) 0.00
Machodoc (87) 0.00
Kinsale (88) 0.00
St. George Island (89) 17,394.50
Point Lookout (90) 0.00
Lottsburg(96) 0.00
Heathsville (97) 0.00
Burgess (98) 0.00
Port Tobacco (161) 1,936.12
Charlotte Hall (162) 89,746.53
5,810,985.06 sq.m
581.10 hectares
1,435.90 acres
Upper Potomac River -11
Washington West (28)
Washington East (29)
Alexandria (34)
Fort Belvoir (39)
Mt. Vernon (40)
Quantico (47)
Indian Head (48)
Widewater (55)
Nanjemoy (56)
Mathias Point (57)
Passapatanzy (64)
King George (65)
Dahlgren (66)
Port Tobacco (161)
Anacostia (176)
39,603.63
0.00
4,537,155.33
1,602,669.61
5,261,718.59
8,059,338.98
3,552,675.31
6,481,334.74
0.00
0.00
0.00
501,326.80
0.00
124,586.30
Q.OQ
Middle Eastern Shore -12
Taylors Island (62)
Golden Hill (63)
Barren Island (72)
30,160,409.29 sq.m
3,016.04 hectares
7,452.65 acres
0.00
89,204.58
1,217,150.55
31
-------
Table 6 (continued)
SECTION QUADRANGLE AREA
Middle Eastern Shore -12 (continued)
Honga(73) 8,618,267.55
Wingate(74) 4,603,087.15
Nanticoke (75) 0.00
Point No Point (81) 0.00
Richland Point (82) 209,149.62
Bloodsworth Island (83) 1,072,434.03
Deal Island (84) 243,518.42
Monie (85) 72,752.33
Terrapin Sand Point (92) 193,695.86
Marion (93) 3,059,298.19
Great Fox Island (100) 1,302,055.06
Crisfield (101) 1,094,474.54
Mardela Springs (163) 0.00
Wetipquin (164) OOP
21,775,087.88 sq.m
2,177.51 hectares
5,380.63 acres
Mid-Bay Island Complex -13
Richland Point (82)
Bloodsworth Island (83)
Deal Island (84)
Hedges Straits (91)
0.00
6,944,572.70
0.00
8,848,294.97
Terrapin Sand Point (92) 2,416,997.70
Ewell (99) 26,059,291.19
Great Fox Is. (100) 5,582,617.55
Tangier Island (107) 7,221,8R9fi9
57,073,633.80 sq.m
5,707.36 hectares
14,102.91 acres
Lower Eastern Shore -14
Marion (93)
Great Fox Island (100)
Crisfield (101)
Saxis (102)
Tangier Island (107)
Chesconessex (108)
Parksley (109)
Nandua Creek (113)
Pungoteague (114)
0.00
7,325,551.74
2,092,802.67
12,604.37
600,259.70
10,525,052.96
4,831,002.93
4,415,540.04
9,761,805.83
32
-------
Table 6 (continued)
SECTION
QUADRANGLE
Lower Eastern Shore -14 (continued)
Jamesville (119)
Franktown (124)
Cape Charles (133)
Cheriton (134)
Elliotts Creek (142)
Townsend (143)
Reedville Region -15
Rappahannock River
Complex -16
AREA
6,216,401.30
6,276,144.04
3,621,726.88
827,269.68
681,657.12
7.217.51
Heathsville (97)
Burgess (98)
Reedville (106)
Irvington(lll)
Fleets Bay (112)
57,195,036.77 sq. m
5,719.50 hectares
14,132.91 acres
0.00
0.00
2,427,887.01
0.00
3.918.542.87
Tappahannock (95)
Lottsburg(96)
Dunnsville (103)
Morattico (104)
Lively (105)
Urbanna(110)
Irvington (111)
Fleets Bay (112)
Saluda (116)
Wilton (117)
Deltaville (118)
Ware Neck (122)
Mathews (123)
6,346,429.88 sq. m
634.64 hectares
1,568.20 acres
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
53,866.07
1,650,345.65
0.00
0.00
159,977.81
1,075,439.81
0.00
2,149,646.62
5,089,275.96 sq.m
508.93 hectares
1,257.56 acres
33
-------
Table 6 (continued)
SECTION
New Point Comfort Region -17
Mobjack Bay Complex -18
York River -19
Lower Western Shore - 20
QUADRANGLE
Mathews (123)
New Point Comfort (132)
AREA
0.00
3.388.fifi3.14
3,388,663.14 sq. m
338.87 hectares
837.34 acres
Ware Neck (122)
Mathews (123)
Clay Bank (130)
Achilles (131)
New Point Comfort (132)
3,217,268.38
456,732.50
0.00
6,920,407.22
7.283.189.59
17,877,597.69 sq.m
1,787.76 hectares
4,417.56 acres
Toano(120)
Gressitt (121)
Williamsburg(129)
Clay Bank (130)
Achilles (131)
New Point Comfort (132)
Hog Island (138)
Yorktown (139)
Poquoson West (140)
Poquoson East (141)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3,188,378.21
3,815,095.07
0.00
7,078.38
1,024,715.31
Q.QQ
8,035,266.97 sq. m
803.53 hectares
1,985.52 acres
New Point Comfort (132) 0.00
Poquoson West (140) 4,521,745.16
Poquoson East (141) 11,514,108.41
Elliotts Creek (142) 0.00
Newport News North (146) 0.00
Hampton (147) 3,785,021.89
Norfolk North (150) 0.00
Little Creek (151) 0.00
Cape Henry (152) 236,623.52
34
-------
Table 6 (continued)
SECTION QUADRANGLE
Lower Western Shore - 20 (continued)
Kempsville (156)
Princess Anne (157)
AREA
James River - 21
Chincoteague Bay
0.00
O.QQ
20,057,498.98 sq.m
2,005.75 hectares
4,956.21 acres
Toano (120) 0.00
Westover (125) 0.00
Charles City (126) 0.00
Brandon (127) 0.00
Norge (128) 0.00
Williamsburg(129) 0.00
Savedge (135) 0.00
Claremont (136) 0.00
Surry (137) 0.00
Hog Island (138) 0.00
Yorktown (139) 0.00
Bacons Castle (144) 0.00
Mulberry Island (145) 0.00
Newport News North (146) 0.00
Hampton (147) 27,356.48
Benns Church (148) 0.00
Newport News South (149) 0.00
Norfolk North (150) 0.00
Little Creek (151) 0.00
Chuckatuck (153) 0.00
Bowers Hill (154) 0.00
Norfolk South (155) 0.00
Kempsville (156) O.QQ
27,356.48 sq. m
2.74 hectares
6.76 acres
Selbyville (165) 0.00
Assawoman Bay (166) 12,336.71
Berlin (167) 111,297.89
Ocean City (168) 176,746.94
Public Landing (169) 0.00
35
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Table 6 (concluded)
SECTION QUADRANGLE AREA
Chincoteague Bay - (continued)
Tingles Island (170) 10,664,391.90
Girdle Tree (171) 0.00
Boriron (172) 6,725,236.53
Whittington Point (173) 3,636,812.61
Chincoteague West (174) 6,316.30
Chinoteague East (175) 6,128,605.33
Anacostia (176) 0.00
27,261,744.21 sq.m
2,746.17 hectares
6,785.80 acres
36
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Middle Bay Zone
In 1991 forty-nine percent (5,707 hectares) of the SAV in the Middle Bay zone
was found in the Mid-Bay Island Complex (Section 13) which includes the broad
shoal area between Smith and Tangier Islands. This is an increase of 310 hectares
over 1990. The two dominant species were R. maritima and Zostera marina.
Nineteen percent (2,178 hectares) of the SAV in this zone was present in the Middle
Eastern Shore (Section 12), primarily in the Barren Island-Honga River area, the Big
and Little Annemessex rivers, and the lower section of the Manokin River, with R.
maritima being the dominant species reported. Little or no SAV was mapped or
reported from the Central Western Shore (Section 5), Patuxent River (Section 8), and
Middle Western Shore (Section 9).
The Middle Bay zone also includes the entire Potomac River, where 3,597
hectares of SAV were present in 1991. SAV was concentrated in two distinct regions:
1) the Upper Potomac River (Section 11) with 3,016 hectares, where Hydrilla
verticillata remained the numerically dominant species (nine other species were
reported by the COG, VIMS, and Citizens' Survey); and 2) the upper portion of the
Lower Potomac River (Section 10) with 581 hectares, including Nanjemoy Creek and
Port Tobacco River, with K americana andM spicatum being the most frequently
reported species. The total abundance of SAV in the Upper Potomac section increased
from 1990 by 493 hectares; it increased in the Lower Potomac section by 49 hectares.
SAV continued to decline in the Eastern Bay and Choptank River sections. SAV in
the Eastern Bay (Section 6) decreased 321 hectares from 1990 to a total of 68 hectares
in 1991, while in the Choptank River (Section 7) it declined 79 hectares from 1990 to
a total of 114 hectares in 1991.
Lower Bay Zone
Distribution and abundance in 1991 in the Lower Bay zone were similar to 1990.
Forty-eight percent (5,720 hectares) of SAV in this zone was found in the Lower
Eastern Shore (Section 14) around the Fox Islands and the mouths of major creeks (i.e.
Cherrystone Inlet and Hungars, Mattawoman, Occahannock, Craddock, Pungoteague,
and Onancock creeks). Along the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay, SAV was
abundant in Mobjack Bay (Section 18) (15% of SAV in the Lower Bay zone), in the
lower York River (Section 19) (7% of SAV in the Lower Bay zone), and in the Lower
Western Shore (Section 20), specifically Back River and Drum Island Flats area
adjacent to Plum Tree Island (17% of SAV in the Lower Bay zone). There were 635
hectares of SAV mapped in the Reedville Region (Section 15) in 1991, a 4% increase
over 1990. There were 339 hectares of SAV identified in 1991 in the New Point
Comfort Region (Section 17) compared to 357 hectares in 1990. Both./?, maritima and
Z. marina were abundant throughout this zone. SAV abundance was down 7% from
1990 in both the Piankatank and Rappahannock rivers (Section 16). Ruppia maritima
was the dominant species in those rivers, with Zostera marina also present as a result
of previously successful transplant efforts from 1984 to 1990 using both seeds and
whole plants. The James River (Section 21) had less than 3 hectares of SAV in 1991,
which is the same as in 1990.
37
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Chincoteague Bay
SAV in the Chincoteague Bay section increased slightly in distribution from 1990
with 2,746 hectares mapped in 1991. SAV in Chincoteague Bay and Sinepuxent Bay
consisted ofR. maritima and Z. marina, and was located along the eastern side of the
bay behind Assateague Island. Assawoman Bay contained only R. maritima while
only Z. marina was reported from Isle of Wight Bay.
DISCUSSION OF SECTIONS ARRANGED WITHIN ZONES
Upper Bay Zone
1. SUSQUEHANNA FLATS
There were 1,684 hectares of SAV in the Susquehanna Flats section in 1991
(Tables 4-6; Fig. 8; Appendix C, Maps 2, 3, and 9) compared to 1,773 hectares
mapped in 1990. Seven percent of the total coverage of SAV in this section was dense
(density class 4), 1% was moderate (density class 3), 3% was sparse (density class 2),
and 89% was very sparse (density class 1). SAV beds were located principally in two
main areas: 1) sparse to dense fringing beds in the Susquehanna River consisting
primarily of M. spicatum, with P. pectinatus, C. demersum, V. americana, H. dubia,
N. guadalupensis, N. minor, H. verticillata, and Najas spp. in lesser amounts from
Spencer Island to the river mouth at Havre de Grace on the west side, and to Stump
Point at the mouth of Mill Creek on the north side; and 2) a large area of very sparse
SAV located in the broad shoal area at the river mouth. This broad shoal consisted
primarily of small patches of M spicatum. In addition, SAV beds were mapped in
Spesutie Narrows for the first time this year. Most of the beds were small, fringing
beds, most likely M. spicatum.
A total often species (M. spicatum, H. dubia, V. americana, H. verticillata,
C. demersum, P. pectinatus, N. quadilupensis, N. minor, N. gracillima, P. perfoliatus,
and Najas spp.) have been reported either by Stan Kollar of Harford Community
College, or the Citizens' Survey.
2. UPPER EASTERN SHORE
There were 326 hectares of SAV mapped for the Upper Eastern Shore section in
1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 9; Appendix C, Maps 4,5,9,10,15,16, and 17) compared to
421 hectares mapped for 1990. One percent of the total coverage of SAV in this
section was moderate (density class 3), 32% was sparse (density class 2), and 66%
was very sparse (density class 1). Principal locations of beds were in the Elk River,
mouth of Bohemia River, Swan Creek, lower Sassafras River, Still Pond and the
mouth of Churn Creek. Very little SAV was mapped in the Bohemia River and along
the mainstem of the bay from Still Pond to Swan Point.
Myriophyllum spicatum and V. americana were the two most commonly reported
species, with four other species (H. verticillata, Najas spp., Z. palustris, and P.
pectinatus) reported in lesser amounts as determined by Stan Kollar of Harford
Community College and the Citizens' Survey (maps 4,5, 9, 10,15, and 16).
38
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Figure 8. Distribution of SAV in the Susquehanna Flats (Section 1).
39
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>
till Pond 1
Figure 9. Distribution of SAV in the Upper Eastern Shore (Section 2).
40
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3. UPPER WESTERN SHORE
There were 91 hectares of SAV mapped from the aerial photographs in 1991 for
the Upper Western Shore section (Tables 4-6; Fig. 10; Appendix C, Maps 9,13 and
14) compared to 90 hectares in 1990. Ninety percent of the total coverage of SAV in
this section was moderate (density class 3), and 10% was sparse (density class 2).
SAV beds were concentrated in Saltpeter and Dundee creeks. SAV was mapped in
the lower Spesutie Narrows in 1991, the first time SAV was mapped in this part of
section 3. Very little or no SAV was reported in the Back, Patapsco, Bush,
Gunpowder, Middle, and Magothy rivers. M. spicatum, E. canadensis, C. demersum,
Z. palustris, R. maritima, N. quadalupensis, and V. americana were reported by the
Citizens' Survey, Stan Kollar of Harford Community College, and Essex Community
College (Maps 13,14,19,23, and 24).
4. CHESTER RIVER
There were 57 hectares of SAV in the Chester River section in 1991 (Tables 4-6;
Fig. 11; Appendix C, Maps 20,21,26, and 33) compared to 67 hectares in 1990. Ten
percent of the total coverage of SAV in this section was dense (density class 4), 56%
was moderate (density class 3), and 34% was sparse (density class 2). SAV has
continually declined in this section since 1987 when 515 hectares of SAV were
mapped and large, dense beds of/?, maritima dominated this section. SAV was
located adjacent to Eastern Neck and Eastern Neck Island, especially near Eastern
Neck Narrows, and in Robin Cove in the Chester River. Additional beds are found in
Rock Hall Harbor, The Haven, Swan, and Huntingfkld creeks, located above Eastern
Neck on the Chesapeake Bay.
Six species of SAV were reported from this section in 1991 by the Citizens',
University of Maryland's HPEL, and USFWS surveys (R. maritima, P. perfoliatus>
P. pectinatus, M. spicatum, E. canadensis, and Z. palustris). Robin Pond was
reported to have all six species from the Citizens' Survey which would make this one
of the most diverse beds in this section.
Middle Bay Zone
5. CENTRAL WESTERN SHORE
There was no SAV observed from the aerial photography in the Central Western
Shore section in 1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 12) which was similar to 1990. Although not
evident in the aerial photography, the Citizens' Survey reported SAV from a few sites
in this section, primarily the Severn and South rivers, Lake Ogleton, and South Creek
of the West River (Maps 18, 23,24, 30,31, and 35). Species reported from this
section include Z. palustris, C. demersum, M. spicatum, and R. maritima.
41
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Figure 10. Distribution of SAV in the Upper Western Shore (Section 3).
42
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Figure 11. Distribution of SAV in the Chester River (Section 4).
43
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Figure 12. Distribution of SAV in the Central Western Shore (Section 5).
44
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6. EASTERN BAY
There were 68 hectares of SAV identified from the Eastern Bay section in 1991
(Tables 4-6; Fig. 13; Appendix C, Maps 32,33,36, and 37) compared to 389 hectares
reported in 1990. This is a dramatic reduction from 1989 when 831 hectares were
found. Eight percent of the total coverage of SAV in this section was dense (density
class 4), 4% was moderate (density class 3), 57% was sparse (density class 2), and
30% was very sparse (density class 1). In 1991 most of the SAV was found in lower
Cox Creek, the eastern shore of lower Kent Island, Parson Island, Harbor Cove and
between Wades Point and Claiborne. R. maritima and Z. palustris were the only
species reported by the University of Maryland HPEL and the Citizens' surveys (Maps
32,33,36,37 and 38).
7. CHOPTANK RIVER
There were 114 hectares of SAV observed in the Choptank River section in 1991
(Tables 4-6; Fig. 14; Appendix C, Maps 43,44,51,52, and 62) compared to 193
hectares in 1990. Thirty-one percent of the total coverage of SAV in this section was
moderate (density class 3), 68% was sparse (density class 2), and 1% was very sparse
(density class 1). SAV was found in mainly small beds in Blackwalnut Cove at the
southern tip of Tilghman Island, Broad Creek at the mouth of Bulls Creek, Brannock
Bay, the mouth of Chapel Creek, Tred Avon River, Irish Creek, Cook Point Cove,
Covey Creek, Cators Cove, and James Island.
Ground truthing by Citizens' Survey and scientists from the University of
Maryland's HPEL located two species of SAV in this section (Maps 36,43,44,51,
and 52) with R. maritima being the most prevalent. Zannichellia palustris was
observed in scattered locations.
8. PATUXENT RIVER
There was no SAV observed from the aerial photography in the Patuxent River
section in 1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 15) which was similar to 1990. There were sporadic
sightings of four SAV species in the Patuxent River by the the Citizens' Survey (Maps
41,49,61,70,71, and 159). Those species reported from the lower sections of the
river were Z. palustris and R. maritima. Species found from the upper sections of the
river were V. americana, C. demersum,Najasguadalupensis, Najas minor,
Z. palustris, E. canadensis and P. crispus.
9. MIDDLE WESTERN SHORE
There were no SAV beds identified in the Middle Western Shore section in 1991
(Tables 4-6; Fig. 16) which was similar to 1990. There were no observations from
ground surveys in 1991.
45
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Figure 13. Distribution of SAV in the Eastern Bay (Section 6).
46
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Figure 14. Distribution of SAV in the Choptank River (Section?).
47
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Figure 15. Distribution of SAV in the Patuxent River (Section 8).
48
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Figure 16. Distribution of SAV in the Middle Western Shore (Section 9).
49
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10. LOWER POTOMAC RIVER
There were 581 hectares of SAV identified in the Lower Potomac River section
from the 1991 aerial photography (Tables 4-6; Fig. 17; Appendix C, Maps 56,57,58,
65,66,67,89,161, and 162) compared to 532 hectares reported in 1990. Sixty-one
percent of the total coverage of SAV in this section was dense (density class 4), 26.5%
was moderate (density class 3), 8% was sparse (density class 2), and 4.5% was very
sparse (density class 1). Most of the SAV occurred in the region near the Route 301
bridge, in Nanjemoy Creek and Port Tobacco River, and in the shoreline adjacent to
these two creeks. SAV beds were fringing along the eastern side of Mathias Point
Neck to just below the Route 301 bridge. Several small beds were observed in
Machodoc, Rosier, and Cuckhold creeks, ard the Wicomico River. VIMS surveys
reported R. maritime/, E. canadensis, and P. perfoliatus in Cuckhold Creek and
R. maritima, V. americana, and P. perfoliatus between the mouth of Cuckhold Creek
and the 301 bridge (map 67). VIMS surveys also reported R. maritima, M. spicatum,
on the upper Wicomico River (maps 58 and 162), and the Citizens' Survey reported
Z. palustris at the mouth of the Wicomico River (map 68).
VIMS surveys reported V. americana, and R. maritima, at Windmill Point on the
Port Tobacco River, V. americana at Upper Cedar Point and Mathias Point, and
V.americana andM spicatum in Nanjemoy Creek and Goose Creek (Map 57). The
Citizens' Survey reported V. americana and C. demersum in Nanjemoy Creek (map
56), and Z. palustris and R. maritima in lower Machodoc Creek (map 78). The
USFWS reported V. americana, P. perfoliatus, P. pectinatus, E. canadensis, and
R. maritima in the Port Tobacco River.
11. UPPER POTOMAC RIVER
There were 3,016 hectares of SAV mapped in the Upper Potomac River section
(Tables 4-6; Fig. 18; Appendix C, Maps 28,34,39,40,47,48,55,65, and 161) in
1991 compared to 2,523 hectares reported in 1990. A total of 81% of the SAV beds
were densely vegetated (density class 4), 4.7% was moderate (density class 3), 8.5%
was sparse (density class 2), and 5.8% was very sparse (density class 1). SAV beds
from the Woodrow Wilson Bridge (except those in the middle of the river - Map 34,
beds MA4, EA4, and FA4) to just below Piscataway Creek still remain reduced in
coverage from 1989. However, SAV distribution in the Alexandria and Mount Vemon
quadrangles increased 13% and 47% respectively from 1990. SAV is still absent from
Occoquan Bay and Belmont Bay.
Extensive groundtruth surveys were conducted by the Council of Governments
(Maps 28,34,39,40,47,48, 55 and 64) while the Citizens' Survey reported SAV
from Maps 29 and 40. There were ten species identified from this section in 1991.
Hydrilla verticillata was reported from Quantico, Mattawoman, Chicamuxen, Dogue,
Pomonkey, Piscataway, Swan, and Broad creeks, Gunston Cove, and both sides of the
mainstem Potomac River from Washington D.C. to Aquia Creek. Other species
reported from this section included M. spicatum, C. demersum, H. dubia, N. minor,
V. americana, P. pectinatus, P. crispus, N. gracillima, and Najas spp.
50
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Figure 17. Distribution of SAV in the Lower Potomac River (Section 10).
51
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Figure 18. Distribution of SAV in the Upper Potomac River (Section 11).
52
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12. MIDDLE EASTERN SHORE
There were 2,178 hectares of SAV identified in the Middle Eastern Shore section
(Tables 4-6; Fig. 19; Appendix C, Maps 63,72,73,74,82,83,84,85,92,93,100, and
101) in 1991 compared to 2,285 hectares repotted in 1990. SAV beds, of which 41%
were dense (class 4), 29% moderate (class 3), 22% sparse (class 2), and 8% very
sparse (class 1) were very abundant in: 1) the Honga River, 2) between Barren Island
and Meekins Neck-Upper Hooper Island, and 3) the lower Manokin and the Big and
Little Annemessex rivers. Few SAV beds were observed in Fishing Bay and in the
Nanticoke and Wicomico rivers.
Ruppia maritime/ was the predominant species found by the HPEL and Citizens'
surveys (Maps 63,72,73,74,82,83, 84,85, 92,93,100, and 101). Zostera marina
was reported from several locations on the Marion (Map 93), Great Fox Island (Map
100), and Crisfield (Map 101) quadrangles. Zannichellia palustris was reported from
Crisfield quad (Map 101) and Marion quad (Map 93).
13. MID-BAY ISLAND COMPLEX
There were 5,707 hectares of SAV mapped in the Mid-Bay Island Complex in
1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 20; Appendix C, Maps 83, 91, 92, 99, 100, and 107) compared
to 5,397 hectares reported in 1990. This section contains 22.3% of the SAV in the
entire Chesapeake Bay, an increase of only 0.1% over 1990. However, the density of
SAV has increased since 1990. Fifty-nine percent of the SAV within this section was
in density class 4 compared to 45% in 1990. Twenty-three percent of SAV within this
section in 1991 was moderate in density (class 3), 16% was sparse (class 2), and 2%
was very sparse (class 1).
Ground truth surveys were conducted by VIMS, HPEL, and the Citizens' Survey.
The broad, expansive shoal area between Tangier Island and Smith Island continued to
be densely vegetated by both K. maritima and Z. marina, and was by far the largest
bed in the Chesapeake Bay. R. maritima was the species most often reported by the
surveys around these islands.
Lower Bay Zone
14. LOWER EASTERN SHORE
There were 5,720 hectares of SAV observed in the Lower Eastern Shore section in
1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 21; Appendix C, Maps 100,101, 102, 107, 108, 109,113,114,
119,124, 133,134,142, and 143) compared to 4,823 hectares reported in 1990.
Forty-seven percent of the total SAV was in density class 4; 15% was in class 3; 28%
was in class 2; and 10% was in class 1. Species reported were primarily Z. marina and
R. maritima with Z. palustris reported at a few sites. There were ground truth
observations from VIMS and Citizens' surveys (Maps 100,101,108,113,114, and
124). Large, dense beds continue to persist at the mouth of Cherrystone Inlet near
Cape Charles, at the mouths of Hungars, Mattawoman, Occohannock, Craddock,
Pungoteague, Onancock, and Chesconessex creeks, at the Big Marsh area near
Chesconessex Creek, at Webb Island off the mouth of Deep Creek, and on the large
53
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Figure 19. Distribution of SAV in the Middle Eastern Shore (Section 12).
54
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Figure 20. Distribution of SAV in the Mid-Bay Island Complex (Section 13).
55
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Figure 21. Distribution of SAV in the Lower Eastern Shore (Section 14).
56
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shoal area on the eastern side of the Fox and Cedar Islands. The only SAY in the
Pocomoke Sound area was on the eastern side of Watts Island. There was no SAV
south of Old Plantation Creek just below Cape Charles.
IS. REEDVILLE REGION
There were 635 hectares of SAV identified in the Reedville Region in 1991
(Tables 4-6; Fig. 22; Appendix C, Maps 106 and 112) compared to 608 hectares
reported in 1990. Twenty-three percent of the total coverage of SAV in this section
was dense (density class 4), 34% was moderate (density class 3), 36% was sparse
(density class 2), and 7% was very sparse (density class 1). R. maritima and Z. marina
were the two species identified by VIMS and Citizens' Survey in 1991 (Maps 106 and
112). Most beds were found in Little Bay, Fleets Bay, Dymer Creek, Indian Creek,
Dividing Creek, Ball Creek, Cloverdale Creek, Dameron Marsh, Ingram Bay, and
Fleeton Point. There was one large bed in Fleets Bay, principally Z. marina, that was
located in a water depth of two meters (ML W). This bed may be one of the deepest
occurring Z. marina beds in the bay, and although undoubtedly present during
previous surveys, had not been mapped.
16. RAPPAHANNOCK RIVER COMPLEX
There were 509 hectares of SAV observed in the Rappahannock River Complex in
1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 23; Appendix C, Maps 110, 111, 117,118, and 123) compared
to 544 hectares reported in 1990. SAV coverage has been declining in this section
over the last three years when it reached a peak abundance of 669 hectares in 1989.
This decline has occurred in the Rappahannock River where some of the large beds of
R. maritima present in recent surveys have either disappeared or been reduced in
coverage. However, the abundance is still greater than in 1986 when only 18 hectares
were mapped, with none in the Rappahannock River. Thirty-eight percent of the total
coverage of SAV in this section was dense (density class 4), 17% was moderate
(density class 3), 44% was sparse (density class 2), and 1% was very sparse (density
class 1).
Ruppia maritima continues to be the dominant species in both the Rappahannock
and Piankatank rivers. In particular, dense beds ofR. maritima were present in the
Corrotoman River and along the north shore of the Rappahannock River between
Carters Creek and the Corrotoman River (includes obervations from the Citizens' and
VIMS surveys; Maps 110,111,117,118, and 123). Z. marina is present in small
patches in both rivers. This is a result of successful transplant efforts using both seeds
and whole plants in a number of different areas since 1984 (VIMS, unpublished data)
and as a result of natural propagation from nearby beds. In the Rappahannock River
transplanted Z. marina is still doing well off Sanders Cove just above the bridge, while
the large bed off Windmill Pt. at the mouth continues to expand to an area of 13.3
hectares, up from 8.8 hectares in 1990. In the Piankatank River Z. marina is present
off Burton Point (transplanted), along the northeast side of Gwynn Island (both
transplanted and natural) and off Stingray Pt. (natural). In Milford Haven Z. marina is
present off Hills Creek (transplanted), on the west side of Gwynn Island off The Hole
in the Wall and off the northeast tip of the island, and in the Willis Wharf area.
57
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Figure 22. Distribution of SAV in the Reedville Region (Section 15).
58
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Figure 23. Distribution of SAV in the Rappahannock River Complex (Section 16).
59
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17. NEW POINT COMFORT REGION
There were 339 hectares of SAV identified in the New Point Comfort Region in
1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 24; Appendix C, Map 132) compared to 357 hectares reported
in 1990. Fifty-nine percent of the total coverage of SAV in this section was dense
(density class 4), 20% was moderate (density class 3), and 21% was sparse (density
class 2). The Citizens' Survey reported only Z. marina, although/?, maritima has
been found in earlier surveys.
18. MOBJACK BAY COMPLEX
The Mobjack Bay Complex contained 1,788 hectares of SAV in 1991 (Tables 4-6;
Fig. 25; Appendix C, Maps 122,123,131, and 132) compared to 1,703 hectares
reported in 1990. SAV beds consisting of both Z. marina and R. maritima (from
ground truth observations made by citizens and VIMS personnel in maps 122,123,
131, and 132) were abundant along the entire shoreline of Mobjack Bay, as well as in
the four tributaries: Severn, Ware, North, and East rivers. The Mobjack Bay area
continued to harbor some of the more extensive SAV beds on the western shore of the
lower Chesapeake Bay. Fifty-six percent of the total coverage of SAV in this section
was dense (density class 4), 27% was moderate (density class 3), and 13% was sparse
(density class 2).
19. YORK RIVER
There were 804 hectares of SAV observed in the York River section in 1991
(Tables 4-6; Fig. 26; Appendix C, Maps 131,132,139, and 140) compared to 791
hectares reported in 1990. Seventy-eight percent of the total coverage in this section
is classified as dense (class 4), while 2% was moderately dense (density class 3),
19.8% was sparse (density class 2), and less than 1% was very sparse (density class
1). Ground truth observations were made by VIMS surveys (Maps 131,132,139, and
140). Dense SAV beds, consisting of both Z. marina and R. maritima, were located
principally along the north shore from Gloucester Point to the mouth of the river.
SAV beds were absent upstream of Gloucester Point on the north shore except for one
small bed of Z. marina near Gloucester Point, a result of VIMS transplanting efforts
using seeds in 1990. Z. marina was transplanted to Mumfoit Island, Catlett Island,
and Clay Bank in the fall of 1990 by VIMS staff and was present through the spring
and carry summer, but did not survive the summer. Except for one large bed located
on the north side of the Goodwin Islands and a smaller bed adjacent to the Coast
Guard Station, the south shore was unvegetated.
20. LOWER WESTERN SHORE
There were 2,006 hectares of SAV mapped in the lower Western Shore section in
1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 27; Appendix C, Maps 140,141,147, and 152) compared to
1,797 hectares reported in 1990. Ground truth surveys by citizens and VIMS (Maps
140,141 and 152) reported both Z. marina and/?, maritima. Forty-one percent of the
total coverage in this section was mapped as dense (density class 4), 28% as moderate
60
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New Point
Comfo
Figure 24. Distribution of SAV in the New Point Comfort Region (Section 17).
61
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Figure 25. Distribution of SAV in the Mobjack Bay Complex (Section 18).
62
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Figure 26. Distribution of SAV in the York River (Section 19).
63
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Figure 27. Distribution of SAV in the Lower Western Shore (Section 20).
64
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(density class 3), 17% as sparse (density class 2), and 14% as very sparse (density
class 1). SAV was mapped in Broad Bay, Back River, the mouth of the Poquoson
River off Pasture and Hunts Neck, Drum Island Flats, Poquoson Flats, adjacent to
Crab Neck just south of Goodwin Island, and on the south side of Goodwin Island.
No SAV was present in the southwest and northwest branches of Back River, or in the
Poquoson River, Chisman Creek, and Back Creek.
21. JAMES RIVER
There were 2.74 hectares of SAV (density class 3) in the mainstem James River in
1991 (Tables 4-6; Fig. 28; Appendix C, Map 147), compared to 2.73 hectares in 1990.
This moderately dense bed located at the mouth of Hampton Creek adjacent to the
Veteran's Hospital had no ground truthing in 1991 but has been reported to consist
predominantly of Z. marina in previous ground surveys. The Citizens' Survey
reported C. demersum and Z. palustris in Herring Creek (Map 125) and Morris Creek
(Map 127), and C. demersum in Gray's Creek but no SAV was mapped from aerial
photography for these quadrangles.
CHINCOTEAGUE BAY
There were 2,746 hectares of SAV identified in Chincoteague Bay in 1991 (Tables
4-6; Fig. 29; Appendix C, Maps 167,168, 170, 172, 173, and 175) compared to 2,493
hectares reported in 1990. Sixty-nine percent of the total coverage in this section was
mapped as dense (density class 4), 24% as moderate (density class 3), 2% as sparse
(density class 2), and 5% as very sparse (density class 1). The VIMS, Citizens',
MD-DNR, and National Park Service surveys found both Z. marina and R. maritima
throughout Chincoteague Bay (Maps 170, 172, 173, and 175). The Citizens' and
MD-DNR surveys both reported only Z. marina from Sinepuxent Bay (maps 167,168,
and 170), however, the National Park Service reported Z. marina and R. maritima for
Sinepuxent Bay (map 167, and 170). Only R. maritima was reported from
Assawoman Bay (Map 166) while the Citizens' Surveys reported Z. marina in Isle of
Wight Bay (map 168). All of the SAV in Chincoteague Bay continues to be present
on the eastern side of the bay adjacent to Assateague Island. The vegetation was
concentrated in four relatively distinct areas identical to that reported in the earlier
surveys from 1986 through 1990. They were located west of the northern end of
Chincoteague Island, and west of West Bay, Green Run Bay, and the Tingles Island
area.
65
-------
Figure 28. Distribution of SAV in the James River (Section 21).
66
-------
Figure 29. Distribution of SAV in the Chincoteague Bay.
67
-------
LITERATURE CITED
Anderson, R R. and R. T. Macomber. 1980. Distribution of submersed
vascular plants, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland. Final Report to U.S.
EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program. Grant No. R805970. 126pp.
Chesapeake Executive Council. 1989. Submerged Aquatic Vegetation
Policy for the Chesapeake Bay and Tidal Tributaries. Annapolis, MD.
July.
Chesapeake Executive Council. 1990. Implementation Plan for the
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Policy. Annapolis, MD. July.
Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. 1989. Volume I & II,
User Guide. ESRI, Redlands, CA.
Godfrey, R. K. and J. W. Wooten. 1981. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of
Southeastern United States: Dicotyledons. The University of
Georgia Press, Athens. 933 pp.
Godfrey, R K. and J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of
Southeastern United States: Monocotyledons. The University of
Georgia Press, Athens. 712 pp.
Harvill, A. M. Jr., C. E. Stevens and D. M. E. Ware. 1977. Atlas of the
Virginia Flora: Part I, Pteridophytes through Monocotyledons.
Virginia Botanical Associates, Farmville. 59 pp.
Harvill, A. M. Jr., T. R Bradley and C. E. Stevens. 1981. Atlas of the
Virginia Flora: Part II, Dicotyledons. Virginia Botanical Associates,
Farmville. 148 pp.
Humm, Harold J. 1979. The Marine Algae of Virginia. Special Papers in
Marine Science, Number 3, Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The
University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville. 263 pp.
Kartesz, J. T. and R. Kartesz. 1980. A Synonymized Checklist of the
Vascular Flora of the United States, Canada and Greenland: Volume
II, The Biota of North America. The University of North Carolina
Press, Chapel Hill. 498pp.
Orth, R. J. and K A. Moore. 1981. Submerged aquatic vegetation in the
Chesapeake Bay: past, present and future, pp. 271-283. In: Proc.
46th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conf., Wildlife
Manage. Inst., Wash., D.C.
Orth, R. J. and K. A. Moore. 1982. The biology and propagation of
Zostera marina, eelgrass, in the Chesapeake Bay, Virginia. Final
Report to U.S. EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program. Grant No. R805953.
187 pp.
Orth, R. J. and K. A. Moore. 1983. Chesapeake Bay: an unprecedented
decline in submerged aquatic vegetation. Sci. 222:51-53.
Orth, R. J. and K A. Moore. 1984. Distribution and abundance of
submerged aquatic vegetation in Chesapeake Bay: an historical
perspective. Est. 7:531-540.
68
-------
Orth, R. J. and K. A. Moore. 1988. Submerged aquatic vegetation in the
Chesapeake Bay: A barometer of Bay health, pp. 619-629. In: M.
Lynch (Ed.), Understanding the Estuary: Advances in Chesapeake
Bay Res. Chesapeake Res. Consort. Pub. No. 129. CBP/TRS/24/88.
Orth, R. J., K. A. Moore and H. H. Gordon. 1979. Distribution and
abundance of submerged aquatic vegetation in the lower Chesapeake
Bay, Virginia. Final Report to U.S. EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program.
EPA-60Q/8-79-029/SAV1.
Orth, R. J. and J. F. Nowak. 1990. Distribution of submerged aquatic
vegetation in the Chesapeake Bay and tributaries and Chincoteague
Bay -1989. Final Report to U.S. EPA. 247pp.
Orth, R. J., J. F. Nowak, A. A. Frisch, K. P. Kiley, and J. R. Whiting.
1991. Distribution of submerged aquatic vegetation in the
Chesapeake Bay and tributaries and Chincoteague Bay -1990. Final
Report to U.S. EPA. 261pp.
Orth, R. J., J. Simons, R. Allaire, V. Carter, L. Hindman, K. Moore and N.
Rybicki. 1985. Distribution of submerged aquatic vegetation in the
Cheapeake Bay and tributaries -1984. Final Report to U.S. EPA,
Coop. Agreement X-003301-01. 155 pp.
Orth, R. J., J. Simons, J. Capelli, V. Carter, L. Hindman, S. Hodges, K.
Moore and N. Rybicki. 1986. Distribution of submerged vegetation
in the Chesapeake Bay and tributaries -1985. Final Report to U.S.
EPA. 296pp.
Orth, R. J., J. Simons, J. Capelli, V. Carter, A. Frisch, L. Hindman, S.
Hodges, K. Moore and N. Rybicki. 1987. Distribution of submerged
aquatic vegetation in the Chesapeake Bay and tributaries and
Chincoteague Bay -1986. Final Report to U.S. EPA. 180 pp.
Orth, R. J., A. A. Frisch, and J. F. Nowak. 1988. Quality assurance
project plan for the 1987 submerged aquatic vegetation distribution
and abundance survey of the Chesapeake and Chincoteague Bays.
Plan submitted to U.S. EPA, Chesapeake Bay Liason Office,
Annapolis, MD. 47pp.
Orth, R. J., A. A. Frisch, J. F. Nowak, and K. A. Moore. 1989.
Distribution of submerged aquatic vegetation in the Chesapeake Bay
and tributaries and Chincoteague Bay -1987. Final Report to U.S.
EPA. 247pp.
Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles and C. R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular
Flora of the Carolines. The University of North Carolina Press,
Chapel Hill. 1183pp.
Stevenson, J. C. and N. Confer. 1978. Summary of Available Information
on Chesapeake Bay Submerged Vegetation. U.S. Dept. of Interior,
Fish and Wildlife Serv. FWS/OBS-78/66. 335 p.
Wood, R. D. and K. Imahori. 1965. A Revision of the Characeae: Volume
I, Monograph of the Characeae. Verlag Von J. Cramer, Weinheim.
904pp.
Wood, R. D. and K. Imarhori. 1964. A Revision of the Characeae:
Volume II, Iconograph of the Characeae. Verlag Von J. Cramer,
Weinheim. 395 icones with Index.
69
-------
-------
-------
APPENDIX A
Species of Submerged Aquatic Plants Found in the Chesapeake Bay and
Tributaries Exclusive of the Marine Algae (Classification and
Nomenclature Derived from: Godfrey and Wooten, 1979,1981; Harvill et
al., 1977,1981; Kartesz and Kartesz, 1980; Radford et al., 1968; Wood and
Imahori, 1965,1965)
Family
Species
Common name
Characeae
(muskgrass)
Cham braunii Gm.
Chara zeylanica Klein.
ex Willd., em.
Nitella flexilis (L). Ag., em.
Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton perfoliatus L. var.
(pondweed) bupleuroides (Fernald) Farwell
Potamogeton epihydrus
Potamogeton pectinatus L.
Potamogeton crispus L.
Potamogeton pusillus L.
Muskgrass
Stonewort
Redhead grass
Leafy pondweed
Sago pondweed
Curly pondweed
Slender pondweed
Ruppiaceae
Zannichelliaceae
Najadaceae
Hydrocharitaceae
(frogbit)
Pontedariaceae
(pickerelweed)
Ceratophyllaceae
(coontail)
Trapaceae
Haloragaceae
(watermilfoil)
Zosteraceae
Ruppia maritima L.
Zannichellia palustris L.
Najas guadalupensis (Sprengel)
Magnus
Najas gracillima (A. Braun)
Magnus
Najas minor Allioni
Vallisneria americana Michaux
Elodea canadensis (Michaux)
Egeria densa Planchon
Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.)
Boyle
Heteranthera dubia (Jacquin)
MacMillian
Ceratophyllum demersum L.
Trapa natans L.
Myriophyllum spicatum L.
Zostera marina (L.)
Widgeon grass
Horned pondweed
Southern naiad
Naiad
Wild celery, tapegrass
Common elodea
Water-weed
Hydrilla
Water stargrass
Coontail
Water chestnut
Eurasian
watermilfoil
Eelgrass
73
-------
Figure 30. Illustration ofChara spp. (Muskgrass): 1. habit, upper portion of plant with branchlet
whorls; 2. axial node and fertile branchlets with oogonia; 3. oogonium; 4. branchlet end
segment; 5. axial node with 2 tier stipulodes.
74
-------
Figure 31. Illustration ofNitella spp. (Stonewort): 1. habit, entire plant; 2. portion of ecorticate
branchlet; 3. mucus cloud surrounding compacted upper whorls with gametangia.
75
-------
Figure 32. Illustration of Nqjas guadalupensis (Southern naiad): 1. habit, portion of plant;
2. branches; 3. leaf; 4. female flower; 5. male flower.
76
-------
Figure 33. Illustration ofVallisneria americana (Tapegrass): 1. female plant; 2. male plant;
3. leaf tip with longitudinal air channels; 4-5. male flower (two views); 6. female flower.
77
-------
Figure 34. Illustration ofEgeria spp. (Water-weed): 1. habit, end of branched stem with flower;
2. leaf whorl; 3. leaf; 4. female flower; 5. male flower.
78
-------
underside of leaf
2
Figure 35. Illustration ofHydrilla verticillata (Hydrilla): 1. habit, entire plant; 2. leaf; 3. turion;
4. male flower; 5. female flower and leaf whorl.
79
-------
HYDRILLA
ELODEA
EGERIA
FLOWERS
(bar shows approximate size)
DRAWINGS TO SCALE
LEAF ARRANGEMENTS
(bar shows approximate length of leaf)
HYDRILLA ELODEA EGERIA
Figure 36. A comparison: illustrations ofHydrilla verticillata, Elodea canadensis, and Egeria spp.
80
-------
HYDRILLA
ELODEA
EGERIA
Figure 37. A comparison: illustrations ofHydrilla verticillata, Elodea canadensis, and Egeria
spp. showing ends of stems with flowers; leaf whorls; single leaves.
81
-------
Figure 38. Illustration of Ceratophyllum demersum (Coontail): 1. habit, portion of plant; 2. leaf
whorl; 3. flower in axil of whorl with branches; 4. fruit.
82
-------
Figure 39. Illustration ofTrapa natans (Water chestnut): 1. habit, portion of mature plant;
2. flower; 3. seedling.
83
-------
Figure 40. Illustration of Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil): 1. habit, upper portion
of plant with flower spike borne above water; 2. leaf whorl; 3. female and male flowers
on spike.
84
-------
APPENDIX B
Latitude and Longitude Coordinate Points Defining the 21 Major
Chesapeake Bay Sections and Chincoteague Bay. (For Section Locations
and Descriptions See Fig. 7 and Table 3.)
Latitude
Deg Min
Longitude
Deg Min
Latitude
Deg Min
Longitude
Deg Min
SEC. 1. Susquehanna Flats
SEC. 5. Central Western Shore
SEC. 2.
SEC. 3.
SEC. 4.
39 27.00
39 39.15
39 39.15
39 27.50
39 26.50
76 10.00
76 10.00
75 51.00
76 00.00
76 01.31
Upper Eastern Shore
39 10.00
39 20.00
39 26.50
39 27.50
39 39.15
39 39.15
39 19.50
39 20.00
39 12.55
39 09.25
76 20.00
76 12.50
76 01.31
76 00.00
75 51.00
75 45.00
75 45.00
76 00.00
76 10.40
76 16.00
Upper Western Shore
39 12.40
39 30.00
39 27.00
39 26.50
39 20.00
39 10.00
39 00.00
39 03.50
39 06.82
39 11.15
76 49.00
76 20.00
76 10.00
76 01.31
76 12.50
76 20.00
76 20.00
76 32.30
76 35.40
76 40.00
Chester River
39 00.00
39 10.00
39 09.25
39 12.55
39 20.00
39 19.50
39 05.00
39 05.00
38 57.10
39 00.00
76 20.00
76 20.00
76 16.00
76 10.40
76 00.00
75 45.00
75 45.00
76 00.00
76 11.85
76 19.10
38
38
39
39
39
39
39
38
38
42.90
55.00
12.40
11.15
06.82
03.50
00.00
55.00
45.00
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
35.00
37.50
49.00
40.00
35.40
32.30
20.00
25.00
25.00
SEC. 6. Eastern Bay
38
38
39
39
38
39
38
38
38
38
38
45.
55.
00.
00.
57.
05.
50.
44.
50.
45.
42.
00
00
00
00
10
00
00
10
00
00
50
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
25.00
25.00
20.00
19.10
11.85
00.00
01.65
10.50
16.50
20.00
20.50
SEC. 7. Choptank River
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
39
39
38
38
38
38
23
45
.50
.00
42.50
45
50
44
50
05
05
45
45
21
25
.00
.00
.10
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.93
.00
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
75
75
75
75
76
20.00
25.00
20.50
20.00
16.50
10.50
01.65
00.00
45.00
45.00
50.00
55.00
06.80
85
-------
SEC. 8.
SEC. 9.
SEC. 10.
Latitude Longitude
Deg Mln Deg Min
Patuxent River
38 15.00 76 25.45
38 35.00 77 00.00
38 58.00 76 45.00
38 55.00 76 37.50
38 42.90 76 35.00
38 30.00 76 32.30
38 21.66 76 23.50
38 18.00 76 22.83
Middle Western Shore
38 02.85 76 19.40
38 05.00 76 21.54
38 15.00 76 25.45
38 18.00 76 22.83
38 21.66 76 23.50
38 30.00 76 32.30
38 42.90 76 35.00
38 45.00 76 25.00
38 23.50 76 20.00
38 05.00 76 10.00
Lower Potomac River
37 53.40 76 14.45
37 55.50 76 18.15
37 53.85 76 28.00
38 06.15 76 53.00
38 15.00 77 06.40
38 20.00 77 09.40
38 24.20 77 14.08
38 35.00 77 00.00
38 15.00 76 25.45
38 05.00 76 21.54
38 02.85 76 19.40
38 05.00 76 10.00
37 50.00 76 10.00
Latitude Longitude
Deg Min Deg Min
SEC. 11. Upper Potomac River
SEC. 12.
SEC. 13.
SEC. 14.
38 15.00 77 06.40
38 20.00 77 24.80
38 27.65 77 25.00
39 01.80 77 17.10
38 58.00 76 45.00
38 35.00 77 00.00
38 24.20 77 14.08
38 20.00 77 09.40
Middle Eastern Shore
38 11.10 76 13.30
38 23.50 76 20.00
38 25.00 76 06.80
38 21.93 75 55.00
38 45.00 75 50.00
38 40.00 75 37.00
38 00.00 75 38.00
38 00.73 75 49.50
37 57.10 75 50.30
37 55.00 75 55.10
38 11.70 75 59.00
38 13.60 76 05.83
Mid-Bay Island Complex
37 45.00 75 58.30
37 50.00 76 10.00
38 05.00 76 10.00
38 11.10 76 13.30
38 13.60 76 05.83
38 11.70 75 59.00
37 55.00 75 55.10
Lower Eastern Shore
37 00.00 75 58.95
37 20.00 76 10.00
37 38.75 76 10.00
37 50.00 76 10.00
37 45.00 75 58.30
37 55.00 75 55.10
37 57.10 75 50.30
38 00.73 75 49.50
38 00.00 75 38.00
38 00.00 75 30.00
37 46.45 75 39.30
37 20.00 75 55.50
86
-------
SEC.
SEC.
SEC.
Latitude Longitude
Deg Min Deg Min
15. Reedville
37 38.75 76 10.00
37 37.40 76 21.40
37 38.05 76 23.50
37 44.35 76 23.00
37 48.00 76 28.00
37 53.85 76 28.00
37 55.50 76 18.15
37 53.40 76 14.45
37 50.00 76 10.00
16. Rappahannock River Complex
37 26.50 76 10.00
37 25.00 76 18.08
37 28.00 76 20.00
37 29.00 76 25.00
37 32.00 76 35.00
37 49.15 76 48.00
37 53.73 76 49.65
37 58.00 76 45.45
37 48.00 76 28.00
37 44.35 76 23.00
37 38.05 76 23.50
37 37.40 76 21.40
37 38.75 76 10.00
17. New Point Comfort Region
37 17.45 76 16.16
37 19.45 76 16.62
37 20.00 76 17.40
37 21.00 76 17.40
37 22.25 76 19.50
37 25.00 76 18.00
37 26.50 76 10.00
37 20.00 76 10.00
Latitude Longitude
Deg Min Deg Min
SEC. 18. Mobjack Bay Complex
37 17.00
37 16.25
37 17.00
37 16.50
37 20.00
37 25.75
37 29.00
37 28.00
37 25.00
37 22.25
37 21.00
37 20.00
37 19.30
37 17.45
76 19.33
76 22.50
76 25.42
76 28.50
76 31.88
76 31.00
76 25.00
76 20.00
76 18.00
76 19.50
76 17.40
76 17.40
76 16.62
76 16.16
SEC. 19. York River
37 14.00
37 13.25
37 12.50
37 07.30
37 14.00
37 16.72
37 26.29
37 30.55
37 28.56
37 20.00
37 16.50
37 17.00
37 16.25
37 17.00
37 14.00
76 22.50
76 24.00
76 27.50
76 28.20
76 36.50
76 43.65
76 49.77
76 40.00
76 35.00
76 31.88
76 28.50
76 25.42
76 22.50
76 19.33
76 19.33
87
-------
Latitude
Deg Mln
Longitude
Deg Mln
Latitude
Deg Mln
Longitude
Deg Mln
SEC. 20. Lower Western Shore
Chincoteague Bay
36
36
36
36
36
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
49.11
45.75
55.85
57.79
58.00
01.05
03.68
00.60
07.30
12.50
13.25
1400
14.00
17.00
17.45
20.00
00.00
75
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
75
58.05
07.00
16.00
16.00
17.70
18.52
19.80
24.00
28.20
27.50
24.00
22.50
19.33
19.33
16.16
10.00
58.95
SEC. 21. James River
36
36
36
36
36
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
36
36
36
45.75
40.00
40.00
40.00
55.63
17.30
20.15
27.45
26.29
16.72
14.00
07.30
00.60
03.68
01.05
58.00
57.79
55.85
76
76
76
76
76
77
77
77
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
07.00
10.00
30.00
40.00
40.00
18.00
14.00
08.10
49.77
43.65
36.50
28.20
24.00
19.80
18.52
17.70
16.00
16.00
37 52.50
38 00.00
38 07.50
38 15.00
38 15.00
38 22.50
38 30.00
38 30.00
38 22.50
38 15.00
38 07.50
38 00.00
37 52.50
37 51.00
37 51.00
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
30.00
30.00
22.50
17.50
15.00
15.00
10.00
75 02.50
75 02.50
75 07.50
75 10.00
75 15.00
75 20.00
75 22.30
75 30.00
88
-------
-------
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Aberdeen, MD, (002)
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Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-29-91 gl
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wi11 lam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Havre de Grace, MO. (003)
Whitaker
Wildlife Management
Naval Training
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Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-01-91 92
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
North East, MD, (004)
..- i::i4. North East
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Scale (meters): 1. .. i,.,... I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-02-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
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SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Elkton. MD.-DEL. (005)
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Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-01-91
94
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
ite Marsh, MD. (006)
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Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Oafe Flown; 07-17-91 95
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Edgewood, MD. (007)
KYtmrrtbrton)
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Scale (meters): L • -i - • I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-02-91 ^
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marino Science
School of Marine Science
College of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Spesutie, MO. (009)
0 • Ms,Va,Hv,Cd
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Locusf Point
« , *
Turkey Point
/£
4k
/NECK
'Elk\Jeck
Qte Park
Sandy Point
Bear Point
£llC
*•'
$
&
M
Ms*
Grove Point \k
u
Scale (meters): u
1000
2000 3000
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-01-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Mar ine Sc ience
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Eorleville, MD, (010)
V
s>
4*>
A
&
Rich Pt.
Bohemia Rz\
Hack
%^L £>
V\
x A
V
POND "NECK " -^V SASSAFRAS INECK
^s „ VE:re
'">T i ? "^r
/
./
I 282
/
/ \
\
"'^It^
•»-v
Cecilton ;
:""-•-
,,.-•
/'
1
'V'
/'
\ v>
'" \^
\ y
u
Scale (meters): L
1000 2000 3000
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 03-01-91 98
Produced by:
Virginia Ins itute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Co h ge of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Middle River, MD. (013)
X
V/^._
v*-^
,\>f\x
/ \V-.
/ \\ i
/
i \ -v} \ / .--"<&> \
A/a^^n^^^<^^ \^}'} $&
\"' 7 •'•'/ ^^4'; V-1'-*-- v/"Middle Riyer"'' \:?&&^y^'''•
•'" ^Sr, .jW*^ > """ /i^-os-^ \.^
../ .... $3^s"\rt} --"-"••^P r<..,-<^r\^ \ ~>, x-
'/ ^«« .v^^^^^^""0^ ^ ir^^x5^^
^^^^^^--^^^^^ v^ia^Ffr/fe]f^^
^"' rs^ ^/-. xv?J;^si^N^ x v^x -^v •/UbIP w: ..\
^-^ ^Nf;.. v<.^
>.
\'
-.•'»
^.\
Bowley Bar
1000 2000 3000
w
Scale (meters): Ur.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-02-91 ™
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Sc ience
Col lege of Willicm and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Gunpowder Neck, MD. (014)
HpfeWOOd /Oliver Pt.
ABERDEEN
GUNPOWDER NECK
STATE PARK
Ms,Va,Ec, Cd
,Va,Ec
Battery Point
iobins Point
Bay
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): L • d • -1 i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dote Flown: 09-02-91 100
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION
Honesville, MD. (015)
1991
Abbey Point
J?
Ms
Plum Point
Ms
Worton Point
Copeland ^ .
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): L •*• •! i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 07-17-91 101
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi 11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Betterton, MD, (016)
M2>|,V-"
r
cX
(Worton i ,..-
}
\
Bigwoods \
~-< /
\ x'x x> ~
v° x— -
V
./
\/
\
\
rNfc
x^
x\
v^
>
\
/
'• i~-~'—-.-—••' i
I I !Morgnes>
—""
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): I I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-01-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Galena, MD, (017)
\~Ordinary
447
._,_
"•->-._ / Chesterville
I
1290
\
\
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (melers): !•..«>< I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 08-01-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of WiIIiam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Curtis Bay, MD, (018)
r-v-,-1. •\\xf>#o;*J "P
v s i >. v\\ U-x\ V.
V • >toJ ^ . .' '. • >...( I X
\xi-"'\' > '•i^-'^v .A-'-fi- ^r'/~f-
*
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-03-91 1Q4
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
i
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Sparrows Point, MD. (019)
yx
Rocky Pi r—-^/
£ ••
Eamona Beach
d Pt I/
Point
Rock Point
CO
Frankie Point
Besfclv>4)0ld Landen Point
Bodkin Point
1000 2000
3000
i
Scale (meters): Ua.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dote Flown: 08-03-91 105
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Scienc
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Swan Point, MD. (020)
Chesapeake
Bay
Swan .
Polni
^Little Nack
Island
Windmill
Point
1000
2000 3000
u
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-03-91 106
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Rock Hall, MD. (021)
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-03-91 107
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION
Round Bay, MD, (023)
1991
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-28-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Gibson Island, MD. (024)
Mountain Pt.
ersimmon Pt.
• /--\ ,_.'-"\ >-T-IC; .- ,' >•--• . '.^/cr**,——J>ers!mm<
.>>./•/-, M ,;;>:;£• t-~-<-5^>xx^.^\s,
•:^f>/ ^M-^s
\- ^"r- \ \ K
* V^v—
Sandy Pt.
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): L - -i - -' • I I
Sources: Virginia Institute o\ Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-03-91 109
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Williom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Longford Creek, MD. (026)
vQrosby
<;;, XMcKir)leyville
Spanaird Point I-SPANIARD NECK/
Grays Inn Point
Little Gum Point
^ River
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-03-91 110
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Scienci;
School of Marine Sc ience
Co 11 ege of Wi 11 ioni and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Washington West, MD.-D.C.-VA. (028)
Silver SHng
Somerset
Georgetown
University
Georgetown
rhei Mall
i Independence Ave.
IWASHItHGTON
ARLINGTON
NATIONAL
CEMETERY
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 10-08-91 in
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wil Mam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Washington East, D.C.-MD. (029)
Berwyn Heights
/'University
/ of
.' Maryland / /
'COLEGE PARK /
f HYATTSVILL
/ GREEN BELT
UniversjJy
Parfc
Greenbelt
Rood
IVERDALE {
/ NEW
jl /CARROLLTON
-\
Ldndover
Hills
East Capitol Street
Fairmount
HeighjtX
/"SEAT PLEASANT
1000
i
2000 3000
u
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-02-91 112
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
South River, MD. (030)
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meiers): L-.d.. -I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 09-28-91 n3
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION
Annapol is, MD, (031)
1991
RW^^i^K
/^W/^ {/ff^^^^i\
gX^\ Vx^^J^TdyR.
«£,
Arundel on the Bay
i
—^7 * r vx
^jf Marsh, Point—--' Thomas Pt"
m
<&&
n \\ Mayo Beach
&
fb
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): ' • ' i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 08-03-91 114
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Co 11 ege of Williom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Kent Island, MD. (032)
River
Rm VBA21-
Parson Island )
pastern
1000
I
2000
3000
I
w
Scale (meters): U^
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-08-91 115
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11 iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Queenstown, MD. (033)
Chester
Carmichcbl''
WYE JSLAND
Natural /
es Managemen^-Acea
Prospect
Bay
Norrow Point
/KENT ISLAND
CA1
PARSON
ISLAND
Eastern Bay
1000
2000 3000
Scale (meters): L=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-09-91 11C
lib
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of WiIIiom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Alexandria, VA.-D.C.-MD. (034)
oshingron\ o
National
Airport
Ms,Cd,Hd,Nv
Hv.Ms.Hd,Cd j
BA4 i
Va,Ms
1000
2000 3000
w
Scale (melers): L=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-02-91 117
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col legc ot Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Deale, MD. (035)
ll. ..;ji -^Nutwell j.
Scale (meisrs): i
Sourcss: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
118
Dole Flown; 09-28-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Mar ine Sc ience
Co! lege of Williom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION
Cloiborne, MD, (036)
1991
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-08-91 119
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Will iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
St. Michaels, MD. (037)
Eastern
Bay
1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dale Flown: 09-09-91 120
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Sc ience
Co 11 ege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Eoston, MD, (038)
/ Municipal
/\..Airport
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-09-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi I Mam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Fort Belvoir, VA.-MD. (039)
\;^ i '*•, ^r
/MILITARY! RE5ERvno cd
..' M ; i ; i V ,'-jv *
^
\ P,ohlck Bay
\ Regional P
•
\-\Belmont
; Occoqu
;""T"" PotomaOv Shoreline
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-02-91 122
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Sc ience
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Mt. Vernon, VA.-MO. (040)
A \ <'•''/'7Y <-£•« n
^.•'* ._Xi//-?7 ^-^r
X j^C^qk'
( !>, /^^fi^
/•-/ / ~~~«~S.J*'t-i: .' n.rx.
Sea I e (meters) :
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 10-08-91 123
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Lower Marlboro, MD. (041)
/ Patuxent River
Park /""•
Mefkle Wildlife
Manacjemenr Area!
\, -f s i
\ Naylor "^ —p v,.
„,.-• >^ v/
- \ : "->
/ i
/ \
VPatuxent River\Park
.jChqneyville
Ngu,Cd.Va.Ec\v,--"'\ i
/Lower Marlboro 262
sx Westwood
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): L-^,.1 i I =1
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-29-91 124
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
Schoo I of Marine Sc ience
College of Will!am and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Tilghman, MD. (043)
v\>
COACHES
ISLAND Green
Marsh Pi
Amy Marsh Pt.
Ci)
Si
d
00
Bald Eagle
Point
Change
Point
Upper Bar Neck
Point
Lower Bar Neck
Point
Hackwalnut
Point
0
Cook Point
w
Scale (meters): L
1000 2000 3000
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-08-91 125
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Oxford, MD, (044)
Scale (meters): I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-09-91 126
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Quantico, VA.-MD, (047)
•v
Quantico
National
Cemetery
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meiers): L „ i I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-23-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
ndian Head, MD.- VA. (048)
, Ms.Cd
Occoquan Bay
pLA2
Freestone Point
'MM
•x 1 • \ / ' V
, \s / N / ^
A' ,/•-<( Marbury
s,Hv3*y/ \
i \ / X
(_Chgpman Pt. / ,
—'--NN Freestone Tt. ^.v
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 10-08-91 128
Produced by:
Virginia Institufe of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Williom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Benedict, MD. (049)
Poplar Hill
~^t Cd.Ec.Va.Nm „<-
."' !
\Holland\
ACM i
' /
i "-v
,Deep Landing >
Xi> /•"""
X X r
' v-x
Cedarhaven
-J-jfVrruemcm
Eagle ilo Point
Buena7Visfa
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-29-91
129
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Hudson, MD. (051)
James Point
JAMES
ISLAND
BA3
M2
r\
Hooper
SUSQUEHANNA
.NECK
1000
2000 3000
w
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 09-08-91 130
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Church Creek, MD. (052)
Church Creek
u
Scale (meters): U
1000 2000 3000
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 09-08-91 131
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
idewater, VA.-MD. (055)
/
:\
/^ r -
/ ._^ /--j ^i^—
Hv.Va.Ms.Cd
Va.Hv
O Hv.Va.Cd.Ms.Hd
:;'N Rect9ry Quantico MoiHne \
'\. _ Corps School
Hv.Cd
KA2
LA4
Mallow
Bay
MA4
Va,Ms
Va.Ms.Hv.Cd
'Va.Ms /
r
Bay ^ \ ?
Va.Ms.Cd-
Va.Ms.Cd
Hv.Va.Ms.Cd
Va,Ms
Clifton Beac
PA2<
Smith'
Point
flf
, Cd,Va;Ms
—>
o/cr
RA2'
Thomas
Point
0
1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-23-91 132
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Mar ine Sc ience
College of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Nanjemoy, MD. (056)
Donc.ost.ep A
} /
; x? \
/ \\
• \
LANCASTER V
/STATE x7-,
i^FORESr U--
X a
/--, XI
< •' •*.„ ;
/ i T—<
\ Ironside^
\
/
/
\
\.
Maryland'
- , Poirit /
1000
2000 3000
Scale (meters): L=>
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-23-91 igg
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi 11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Mathias Point, MD.-VA. (057)
V^Rm.^pf
--i '' /
r ya-Pflf.Ppc.Ec.Rm /
i \ ^ ' —•'" """ i
ival Research
Laboratory
CEDAR
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-23-91 !34
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Popes Creek, MD. (058)
X
>
./
Huckleerry
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Broomes Island, MD, (060)
^"\ Kenwood>-;\/
• Beach /\
> x _ >
Sato
Leonard
^XNr !
" [Creek \
"
Parker Wharf
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 08-11-91 136
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School ot Marine Sci ence
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Cove Point, MD. (061)
CALVERT CLFFS
STATE PARK
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): L... ,,i ... I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-11-91 10_
loi
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Taylors Island, MO. (062)
1000
2000 3000
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 07-11-91 138
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Golden Hill, MD, (063)
'
Creek
\ KENTUCK
WHEATLEY
NECK
Blackwater National
Wildlife Refuge
Blackwaier^Natlonal
Wild!
RUSSELL SWAMP/ .-
,--
N-
\ \ i \.v-->
COW POINT
MARSH
. ^
Riggins/Corn
MEEKINS CREEK MARSH \ /
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): I •.ni I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-25-91 139
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Passapatanzy, MD.-VA, (064)
'/nes Corner
/
<„ ;218 (Cox .C&rner ;
^--^^ —"(•; i
'
^"•-/Johnsons Corner
proves Corner
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): L - ^ • •L i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 08-23-91 140
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Willicm and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
King George, VA.-MD. (065)
Research
Maryland
Antenna
Scale (meters): I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-23-91 141
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Williom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Dahlgren, VA.-MD, (066)
Potomac River
/X- MATHAS PONT NECK
\ Hooes/ „..-""" \
i ,,'--' \V
\ .,'' v ^7
j Ber thaville^., _,;::.-
i;US Naval ReserliiWon x
v <:u*j i^uvui r\oooi rvufiuii ~* < vm
[--^iDbWQrerL^Weapons Lab^aiiry \ ^
»—• '—^ tv.Vi'yl {- ^ / V* •*(
jnigren weop
\ Laboratory
\
ietotum Flats
-- _ x
,-fTelotum
Scale (melers):
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-11-91 U2
Produced by.
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Sc ience
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Colonial Beach North, VA.-MO. (067)
\
! i
f^S
^r-J jl
Mt. Victoria \ s
"
Ppf" ^..__x Waysidei va
rr .-^---4 '"'>'"
i C08B/NECK -••—-..,
\ / ~~-
v
. Lone Holly
^v '^l^otorhac I
Bluff Point
Woodland"
Point
-%,
e*
White Point
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): U • -i - -1 i ' i
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-11-91 143
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Rock Point, MD. (068)
-
JL- "' "\ Hurry ,.^
1000
i
2000 3000
I I
v
Scale (meters): La
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-11-91 144
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Schoo I of Mar ine Sc ience
Co 11ege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Hollywood, MD. (070)
Scale (me:ers): I
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-11-91
145
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Solomons Island, MD. (071)
Scale (meters) :
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 08-11-91
146
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Mar ine Sc ience
Col lege of Williom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Barren Island, MO. (072)
Barren Island/
"•^W
BARREN
ISLAND
\ Cedar Pt.
yPaiuxent River
Naval Air Test
Center
1000
2000 3000
w
Scale (meters): L=»
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 07-11-91 ...
147
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Will iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Honga, MD, (073)
1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-25-91
I4o
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Sc ience
College of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Wingate, MD, (074)
FISHING BAY WLDUFE
MANAGEMENT AREA
Scale (melers):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-10-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
St. Clements Island, VA.-MD. (078)
,St Clements Island
Potomac River
Kingcopsico
Point
Coles Point
1000
2000
i
3000
u
Scale (meters): U=>
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 07-15-91
15U
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Mar ine Science
Col lege of Willicm and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Richlond Point, MD. (082)
WOO
2000 3000
Scale (meters): U,
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dote Flown; 07-11-91 151
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of William and Vary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Bloodsworth Island, MD. (083)
Fishing Bay
Bishop Head Point
§
HOLLAND
ISLAND
SOUTH MARSH
ISLAND
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (melers): L-^-.l i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of tfi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Deal Island, MD. (084)
Fishing
Bay
1
to
l/l
Q)
Frog Pt
Nanticoke Pt
Hal Pi.
Hainesi
Point
0|cin River
1000 2000
3000
i
Scale (meters): U^
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-25-91 153
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Monie, MD. (085)
e-'J Mount .Vernon
} MONt NECK
MONGREL
ST. PETER MARSH
Deal Island
State Wildlife
Management Area
DAMES QUARTER
MARSH
REVELS NECK J
Manokin River
77 Xolftrap/\
' Cm*. '
ISLAND \K ISLAND \
2000 3000
Scale (meiers):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-25-91
154
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marino Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Champlain, VA. (086)
^ _x:x"
""-<."
\
I Leed^T
\
\
' V
\.
1--
V.
^•'•'\ Foneswood *.. __,...
v/^
X
\<^
v 623
X "
.,/ Singerly
V v 672__
\ Oak
\R9*<
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): I i I i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 07-15-91 155
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11 iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
St. George Island, MD.-VA. (089)
Ball Point
efl Point
Indigo Point
[Jimmy Island
Deep Point
Hog Island
1000
2000
3000
I
v
Scale (meters): u=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 07-15-91 156
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Co I lege of Wi11 iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Kedges Straits, MD, (091)
CO
Shoepshsad Pt
to
Fog Pi
1000
2000 3000
\j
Scale (melers): u^.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dale Flown: 08-14-91 157
Produced by:
Virginia institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College oi lli 11 iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Terrapin Sand Point, MO. (092)
(LITTLE
JA2
Webster Point ^pEAL £p |$J Claw Point
IA1
3
Point
4
KA3
Hazard Point
^f*'
Terrapin Sand Point
Terrapin Stand Cave
AA2/
fa
James Island ^^
1000
i
2000
3000
i
Scale (meters): U=,
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91
158
Produced by:
Virginia Institute oi Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of WiII lam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Marion, MD. (093)
St Pierre\\FIshlng
Marsh \l Island
> /) /"r
andoHville // '"- ! )—-, I
Fairmount State Wildlife Mdnagement
RB3
1000
2000 3000
i i
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 159
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Ewell, MD.-VA, (099)
Rm.Zm
C/5
9
tD
BA2
AA4
FISHBONE ISLAND
SHANKS
ISLAND
1000
2000 3000
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 160
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Will iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Great Fox Island, MD.-VA. (100)
Drum Point
XA1
Reach Hammock
bland Poini
tllinger Cow
Clump Island
Great Fox Island
Fox (stands
£ AA4 >
nioMtr Covt I
u
Scale (meters): L
1000 2000 3000
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 161
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Crisfield, MD.-VA, (101)
angford
Marsh Indian
Hammock
Cow-
Drum
Bay
Long Point
1000
I
2000
i
3000
i
Scale (meters): la
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 162
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION
Soxis, VA.-MD, (102)
1991
Scale (mefers):
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 05-16-91 163
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Co 11 ege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Reedville, VA. (106)
M
s XC.>
V BRIDGE./
i:Bev^rlyvwill4 _/*oc ^
U—-l— ™ ^, —
j>^
;#V
\.
I '. \ K.HARVEYS KlECK ,_ J
v.-\ v ; *•", T r"'-^^ n
iRm
LA2
Rm»MA1
Ingram
Bay
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): L,. .i-..l i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 05-15-91 164
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Tangier Island, VA. (107)
t/ailboat Harbor
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 165
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Chesconessex, VA. (108)
GB1
\
1000
2000 3000
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-07-91 166
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Mariie Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Parksley, VA. (109)
UPPER BERNARD
ISLAND
LOWER BERNARD ° ^
Simpson Poinl
Scole (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 05-16-91 16?
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Urbonno, VA. (110)
Soale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-15-91 168
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of WiIIiam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Irvington, VA. (111)
• • •
,.J / -^ Merry
annock River
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dale Flown: 05-16-91 169
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Fleets Bay, VA. (112)
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 05-15-91 170
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Nandua Creek, VA. (113)
Chesapeake Bay
KAV
Hvslop M1
Marsh
DA3
1000
2000 3000
w
Scale (meiers): U^
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dale Flown: 06-07-91 171
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Pungoteague, VA. (114)
SLUITKLb-% ,
NECK
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-07-91 172
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
ilton, VA. (117)
Rappahannock
Village
...y...«29
0V-
r x
\ ^ \ ^
f J—i \Grafton / /"
I to 1--
)«x
"•-„ / ;
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Deltaville, VA. (118)
WindmiB Point
Rm.Zm
Mosquito Point
Rappahannock River
CD
-i>
e
CD
CO
CD
Point
Rm |A2**~XB|ar>d Point Fishing
Stove Point
\
0
Godfrey Bay
, *ZJ<&1\ \ 7-™$®>$>^$'
& c^\l )^ <§^m
Burton Point
Hills Bay
Zm.Rm
1000
2000 3000
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-15-91 174
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Jamesville, VA. (119)
Scale (meters): L
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-07-91
175
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Sc ience
Col lege of Will lam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Ware Neck, VA. (122)
A
/ \
/>/
I s X
\^*%
&
w
\
>-' /
v_y
r
/
/
V
\
&/
X
xxV—
James\Store I FoH Nonsense /
^
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): LB_c •! i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-16-91 176
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of WiIIiam and Mar"
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Mathews, VA. (123)
'^ ; ~^- *>«,„ Rm.Zm
CRAB NECK l^ «U.
Mathews i
/ • ••
-VRuff x^ 'XV/'
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-16-91 177
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Mar ire Sc ience
Co 11 ege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Franktown, VA. (124)
/6*,A\\
KI \\\
Silver Beach /jj.
CO
CD Nassawadox Point
_. v
(Bridgetown
,- l3irdsnest//"~7"
Soale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-07-91 178
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Sc ience
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Westover, VA. (125)
f j \ **''
/ Harrison Lake • :
/ Na'tional
; "x.
" ^> 1 ^Harrison
1000
1
2000 3000
I I
\j
Scale (meters): L=,
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: (not flown)
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Schoo I of Marine Sc ience
Col lege of Will iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Brandon, VA. (127)
N
-"'
7'Binns ;
/ Half
y
r
/HoldcrofX/
i ^.
i
Mount Airy \
; i
Chfckahomlny State \ —-.,.,
Wildlife Management }
. \
1000 2000 3000
V
Scale (meters): U=,
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: (not flown)
180
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Williom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Achilles, VA. (131)
: CZx-7! v M \ '
V. }• Ti Selden/ ^
ROBINS NECK
/NaxeVa x'
\ \ y " \ Severn /\...
;,"""!—-'—\ War/us
LGUINEA
KA2
York River
Scale (meiers):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-16-91 1Q1
lol
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Mar ine Sc ience
College of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
New Point Comfort, VA. (132)
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-07-91 182
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Will iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Cape Charles, VA. (133)
Q)
Tankards Beach,
OA2
Westcoat Point
LA3
Cape Charles Harbor
1000
2000 3000
u
Scale (meters): La
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-07-91 183
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Cheriton, VA. (134)
^
1000
I
2000 3000
i i
u
Scale (meters): la
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-07-91 184
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Surry, VA. (137)
/
Colonial
National Historic
Park
V
.-#-
/ •' \
/ \
1000
I
2000 3000
\j
Scale (melers): W=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: (not flown)
185
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Yorktown, VA. (139
Eustis
Military \ Reservation
1000
2000 3000
w
Scale (meiers): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-22-91
loo
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Poquoson West, VA. (140)
Newport
Willlamsburg
, International
Airport
1000
2000 3000
Scale (meters): L
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-22-91
187
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Schoo I of Mar ine Sc ience
Col lege of Wi11 iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Poquoson East, VA. (141)
Poquoson Flats
Plumtree Point
1000
2000 3000
w
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-22-91
loo
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Elliotts Creek, VA. (142)
(0
n
o
CO
\
\
1000
2000 3000
\
\
\
\
I
Scale (meters): U^
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 06-07-91 189
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Will iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Townsend, VA. (143)
ts JMbsr!.....]_ j
1000
I
2000 3000
u
Scale (meters): L=.
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dale Flown: 06-07-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Hampton, VA. (147)
PLUM TREE ISLAND
NATIONAL WLDLIFEo
\ REFUGE
'vr'tir.v-*" .-•' ***/ \
Fort Monroe
Military Reservation
1000
2000 3000
w
Scale (meters): U=>
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 05-22-91 191
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Will iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Cape Henry, VA. (152)
Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel
North Thimble Island
'Thimble Shoal Channel Tunnel
South Thimble Island
c-f-.
C-«i
p
3
c-K
o'
o
O
Chesapeake Bay
Cape Henry
Cape Henry
Lynnhaven Roads
1000
2000
3000
I
w
Scale (meters): U=.
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 05-22-91 1Q2
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Bristol, MD. (159)
V Leelond v
- V>"~'~" \\\
^~" * Hi
1-ls
xp~ Bayard j }
\j .* i
V r.
1000
I
2000 3000
\j
Scale (meters): Ua
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dote Flown; 08-29-91
19o
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Mar ine Sc ience
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Port Tobacco, MD. (161)
-ijv ^V^" \
X^>^RAA /
\^KT P*** \
7 Point>,^ /^
' •'' ^^"^
_-,<
^X)
V" v, >
V-N V -.-""
^u~ - \
\nr s
^ O
-""i \ i\
' \>
/ \co
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; \. ~" v
N \
' i H
1 u
i
*••*'' *~*
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X.
xv
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' ^' /
/
/
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X f'
A. fi~^
1 ^^btjs
/ ''-v^x
/•~~\ / • ^'"^
Xs •*"•-
\ '"-. .' j
X > ~"v^-.
^•\ '
•~\
. \\\ O^" fo- x . W v~! "" "v~ — ]
\ \ vj^x% -rt — • "'-^ ' """^ s
^^m- /" -^ "^ r.
^•^,^y jX N -^V
V\ ' Ml / -^ ^ -.^x .», i.
V N \ "~C -~N ' / -. / \ ' s'~.
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A x>'---2?7 '•-•"' ( y *
^ \. / "\ j- i 'ft"'
i \ ' V - \ ''
\ \ -^, s, \ r>
/ ' \ ""-N-J ; -x 1 \
~'^ .'" \.,--1 V v \-/ \~>~\
~. •• .~-~ <*•-. : —-^i \ x/ i ;
.^\ ,s*~ > \ ' • , ' x. : t.J \ J
*o ; / \f L.>H'-:
x x ' _tx, Xxx
\1& / -N '' v-"\ s v,
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',%_ ^ V., \ V..' > ^~,
**tr j -s ^v.. \ K N.
x XV .'' v,->- \. ,.,'"--O , *- \
\ ^ > X -'' XX s N^
MYRTLE GROVE. X | / /Xi >\v; /
' / N'' j^. :-i-4-.; ;
\ WpFE yV X? ,V ^ );/""
\ MANAGEMENT AREA" v \ -A .'- _>-
^ -N.AX^ , { j 'Xr' ...^../p1-' /-'
\ i , ^\ / "\ ( /^tj
,X i J. Marshalls /\ / \x /'
'*' ^ \ \ Corner.,.:/ x'-_s /
/N>.. V.J.-J r ""* *" ivc .._ : i
-,,,-//'\] ^R'P'eyx } X. !'
'' "" / ,'\ •. ;' ' / •— ._ ^'-.^ — L
S '<\'-~ : i • 1 V . - 291
A X ' \ } ' y^' ! s f"^'-
V x -. ; Habre de\ i v
,--y ...X/ Venhrn \ ; V
^ \ .... ,- . V-\ /
'•""-^ ;x \ / \ N.
,-•' \ V~/V ! / y
/•x I > i N ; i /
j \ '' \ ,-x..X / /
,,-'•» \ x .'• — •-'
,' '-v V--
; ) / i i
e Road .-, — >. •; \ / :, j
'? "{-- '; \ -^ 1 \ ,/ K /- '••-
\ / ':-i \ 'i ; "^ /
; \^ j ! ) fv , 4 x ^ -v
P""X ( X">K H ^ort^
•— -\ :, ^-vv ,,,.'-,-i-"r':^|'"^'\ x j|( /Tobac&o /
McConchie ^'"'1 \^.. W Riviera/ \j^/ \ x j;!^>'
x 1 ; * ~t •"• | //AA2 ,,#-"
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): L -.*--! i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown; 08-23-91 194
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Williom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Charlotte Hall, MD. (162)
x-^---. "N
7 yrhompsofr \
A Corner (
\ MechanicsvilFe
v<
,*y"
/ /
„
V
V-Y:Budds
N
V\
Coffee Hill
X
/
BA3
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): t *.n ,i i I I
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 08-23-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Will iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Assawoman Bay, MD. (166)
Isle of Wight Bay
> Cedar Point
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Berlin, MD. (167)
, >^, Jone,s ">£../, i
**' \
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION
Ocean City, MD. (168)
1991
Ocean City
tnU
North Ocean City
FENWICK
ISLAND
Ocean
ASSATEAGUE
ISLAND
1000
2000 3000
Scale (meters): W=>
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Dote Flown: 06-14-91 igg
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marire Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Tingles Island, MD. (170)
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91
Produced by:
Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iam and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Boxiron, MD.-VA. (172)
Scale (melers):
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 200
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
College of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
ittington Point, MD.-VA. (173)
Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge
0 1000 2000 3000
Scale (meters): ' ' - -1 i I 1
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 2Q1
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of William and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Chincoteague West, VA. (174)
AM I
z ^
Sign Post^/12 .'
~^--
v—109_ [ Horntown Landing
cr. i_'V v f •x
University VA . 'S^C-
E Shore,- v\£hrx-'
Hammock
Point
Willis Point
1000
i
2000
i
3000
i
Scale (meters): U=>
Sources: Virginia Institute of Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 202
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11iom and Mary
-------
SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION 1991
Chincoteague East, VA. (175)
Scale (meters):
Sources: Virginia Institute ot Marine Science
U.S. Geological Survey
Date Flown: 06-14-91 203
Produced by:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
School of Marine Science
Col lege of Wi11 iam and Mary
-------
-------
-------
APPENDIX D
Number of Square Meters of SAV in 1991 for Individual Beds and Totals for
Density Categories by Topographic Quadrangle. [See Maps in Appendix C
for Location of Each Bed. Quadrangles Are Listed Numerically by VIMS
Map Number. Slight Differences (1 Square Meter) in Quadrangle Totals
From Density Totals Are Due To Rounding.]
ABERDEEN, MD.
VIMS MAP # 002
AA4
BA3
CA4
DA3
EA3
FAS
GA4
HA4
IA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
6700
3269
4951
2410
2188
50758
9804
5646
2128
0
0
58625
29230
87854
HAVRE DE GRACE, MD.
VIMS MAP # 003
AA2
BA2
CA2
DA2
EA2
FA2
GA4
HA1
IA4
JA4
KA4
LA4
MA4
NA4
OA4
PA4
8597
13507
118775
12914
19278
21288
25600
14961943
248557
14438
37009
17024
30698
3313
9984
188061
QA4
RA4
SA4
TA4
UA3
VA4
WA4
XA4
YA4
ZA4
AB4
BB4
CB4
DB4
EB4
FB4
GB4
HB4
IB4
JB4
KB4
LB4
MB2
NB4
OB4
PB4
QB3
RB2
SB2
TB2
UB1
TOTALAREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
5284
7211
25983
2846
3755
1057
13677
4190
78539
41960
35034
23690
13814
3694
1419
1173
3876
6872
9397
10152
4160
49545
33568
181463
86170
12012
51254
58610
6393
13515
7075
14969018
306443
55009
1197902
16528372
207
-------
NORTH EAST, MD.
VIMS MAP #004
AA1
BA1
CA1
DA2
EA1
FA1
GA1
HA1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
ELKTON, MD.-DEL.
VIMS MAP # 005
AA1
BA1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
SPESUTIE, MD.
VIMS MAP #009
AA1
BA2
CA2
DAI
EA3
FA3
GA2
HA2
IA2
72739
66478
17470
38097
385386
37938
127255
8199
715465
38097
0
0
753562
246780
2894
249675
0
0
0
249675
246946
203197
7374
165908
7318
10042
1867
4435
4066
JA3
KA3
LA3
MA3
NA3
OA3
PA2
QA2
RA2
SA3
TA2
UA2
VA1
WA2
XA2
YA2
ZA2
AB2
BB2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
EARLEVILLE, MD.
VIMS MAP # 010
AA1
BA3
CA1
DAI
EA1
FA1
GA1
HA2
IA2
JA2
KA2
LAI
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
3451
2481
2199
4746
12461
1640
10628
3832
12416
1732
16665
6867
4570
11286
4053
57291
8050
22165
33798
417423
407990
46071
0
871485
9131
4355
29698
20922
12349
8384
574827
19167
95463
369918
276871
129026
784337
208
-------
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
MIDDLE RIVER, MD.
VIMS MAP #013
AA2
BA2
CA2
DAS
TOTAL AREA
761419
4355
0
1550111
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
23900
6525
7414
6167
0
37840
6167
0
44007
GUNPOWDER NECK, MD.
VIMS MAP # 014
AA2
BA2
CA2
DA2
EA3
FAS
GAS
HAS
IA2
JA2
KA3
LA2
MA2
NA3
OA3
PAS
QA3
RA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
2346
15339
3118
3690
25366
2856
2186
34086
5076
2285
58904
13323
2704
53461
371765
133207
4388
108259
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
HANESVILLE, MD.
VIMS MAP # 015
AA2
BA2
CA2
TOTAL AREA
47882
794477
0
842359
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
BETTERTON, MD.
VIMS MAP # 016
AA2
BA1
TOTAL AREA
18174
2303
19724
0
40200
0
0
40200
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
GALENA, MD.
VIMS MAP # 017
AA3
TOTAL AREA
3910
2090
2090
3910
0
0
6000
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
38898
0
0
38898
209
-------
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
SWAN POINT, MD.
VIMS MAP # 020
AA2
BA2
CA2
DA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
0
38898
11273
12027
5168
9660
0
38129
0
0
EA3
FA2
GA2
HA4
IA2
JA3
KA2
LA2
MAS
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
8967
12369
11281
24177
13373
81915
7589
34284
20147
0
123426
272784
24177
420387
TOTAL =
ROCK HALL, MD.
VIMS MAP # 021
AA2
BA2
CA4
DA3
EA3
FAS
GAS
TOTAL AREA
38129
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
4181
20480
33563
6729
12424
11310
8701
0
24661
39164
33563
97389
LANGFORD CREEK, MD.
VIMS MAP #026
AA2
BA2
CA2
DA3
8322
22287
13921
161755
WASHINGTON WEST, MD.-
D.C.-VA.
VIMS MAP # 028
AA2
BA2
CAS
DA2
EA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
KENT ISLAND, MD.
VIMS MAP # 032
AA2
BA2
CA1
TOTALAREA
10368
9505
14556
1400
3774
0
21274
18330
0
39604
DENSITY 1 =
10181
1756
3895
3895
210
-------
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
QUEENSTOWN, MD.
VIMS MAP # 033
AA2
BA2
CA1
DA3
EA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
11937
0
0
15832
3147
6957
21391
6033
4822
21391
14926
6033
0
42350
ALEXANDRIA, VA.-D.C.-MD.
VIMS MAP # 034
AA2
BA4
CA4
DA4
EA4
FA4
GA4
HA4
IA4
JA4
KA4
LA4
MA4
NA4
OA2
PA2
QA3
RA2
SA2
TA4
UA2
136626
95261
71767
9418
230019
551738
4463
4985
39585
3370
45596
31891
1048842
67100
31826
8662
22643
6682
7815
35580
14222
VA2
WAI
XA4
YA3
ZA2
AB2
BB2
CB3
DB2
EB4
FB4
GB4
HB4
IB4
JB1
KB4
LB3
MBS
NB3
OB3
PBS
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
CLAIBORNE, MD.
VIMS MAP # 036
AA1
BA4
CAS
DA2
EA1
FA4
GA1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
124313
190338
125133
16141
1681
32035
17877
33786
8470
15377
6511
10380
4504
925977
457240
4960
9274
4312
20250
2763
57744
647578
390207
166912
3332458
4537155
37087
31832
29799
366750
25430
25287
78518
141035
366750
29799
211
-------
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
ST. MICHAELS, MD.
VIMS MAP # 037
AA1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
57118
594702
36846
36846
0
0
0
36846
FORT BELVOIR, VA.-MD.
VIMS MAP # 039
AA4
BA2
CA4
DA2
EA4
FA4
GAS
HA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
449321
13893
250216
475537
59882
64412
280766
8642
0
489431
280766
832473
1602670
MT. VERNON, VA.-MD.
VIMS MAP # 040
GA4
HA4
IA4
JA4
KA4
LAI
MA2
NA4
OA4
PA2
QA4
RA2
SA2
TA1
UA1
VA3
WA3
XA4
YA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
TILGHMAN, MD.
VIMS MAP # 043
AA3
BA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
573256
987637
14855
8256
185311
34347
17872
34689
36536
54778
105642
133041
209817
51592
12932
12695
15445
102687
626205
151525
1041713
370440
3698041
5261719
52063
73346
0
73346
52063
0
AA3
BA4
CA4
DAI
EA4
FA4
342301
397504
754595
52654
163314
333759
TOTAL = 125408
OXFORD, MD.
VIMS MAP * 044
AA3 23216
212
-------
BA2
CAS
DA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
QUANTICO, VA.-MD.
VIMS MAP # 047
AA4
BA4
CA4
DA4
EA3
FA4
GAS
HA4
IA2
JA4
KA4
LA4
MA4
NA3
OA4
PA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
13076
15573
10909
0
23984
38788
0
62773
543681
1447693
832902
79810
35768
435462
52627
44279
288416
34670
112663
2832521
601183
93160
64634
559870
0
288416
181556
7589367
DA4
EA3
FA4
GA4
HA2
IA4
JA4
KA2
LA2
MA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
HUDSON, MD.
VIMS MAP # 051
AA2
BA3
CAS
DAI
EA2
FA2
GA2
HA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
54010
9753
131015
561488
39895
86785
288762
8423
17414
38717
0
65732
179477
3307466
3552675
2862
19716
68820
3097
401031
4737
109104
19092
3097
517733
107628
0
TOTAL =
8059339
INDIAN HEAD, MD.- VA.
VIMS MAP # 048
AA3
BA4
CA4
169724
2111793
34896
TOTAL =
628458
CHURCH CREEK, MD.
VIMS MAP # 052
AA2 15277
BA1 7114
213
-------
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
7114
15277
0
0
22391
WIDEWATER, VA.-MD.
VIMS MAP # 055
AA4
BA4
CA1
DA4
EA3
FA4
GA1
HA4
IA4
JA4
KA2
LA4
MA2
NA4
OA2
PA2
QA3
RA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
NANJEMOY, MD.
VIMS MAP # 056
AA3
BA3
CA3
DAS
EA3
499093
215725
45112
4858
21931
62149
877293
3248831
60365
176626
35189
452940
19718
646489
35439
2854
71088
5632
922405
98832
93019
5367078
6481335
111230
116719
171183
28603
17015
FA2
GA4
HA4
IA4
JA3
KA4
LA4
MAS
NA4
OA2
PA4
QA4
RA4
SA3
TA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
MATHIAS POINT,
VIMS MAP # 057
AA2
BA4
CA1
DA4
EA4
FA4
GA2
HAS
IA4
JA2
KA3
LA4
MA4
NA4
OA2
PA4
QA4
RA3
SA4
TA4
3531
26425
8438
16273
36292
45446
48584
40739
12425
24628
9786
70534
122737
46386
450968
0
28159
568166
811616
1407941
MD.-VA.
32920
236971
51191
131339
171841
47202
22932
27948
231011
9698
16514
56642
55959
47128
16399
52405
291901
82280
285155
314538
214
-------
UA2
VA2
WA3
XA4
YA3
ZA4
AB4
BB4
CB4
DB4
EB2
FB4
GB4
HB3
IBS
JB3
KB3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
POPES CREEK, MD.
VIMS MAP # 058
AA3
BA2
CA4
DA2
EA3
FA4
GA2
202584
41963
11080
5778
12075
79482
100593
37983
73048
29078
9090
15592
3552
33291
1897
9229
54443
51191
335586
248758
2267197
2902733
3620
6713
57788
78966
30774
15925
7511
TAYLORS ISLAND, MD.
VIMS MAP #062
AA2
BA2
CAS
DA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
GOLDEN HILL, MD.
VIMS MAP # 063
AA1
BA2
CA2
DA2
EA2
FA2
GA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
118001
25730
151683
4720
0
148450
151683
0
300133
2838
13171
6897
7961
30421
7414
20503
2838
86367
0
0
89205
KING GEORGE, VA.-MD.
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
0
93189
34394
73713
201296
VIMS MAP # 065
AA2
BA1
CA4
DAS
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
160590
17002
187680
276472
17002
215
-------
DENSITY 2 = 160590
DENSITY 3 = 276472
DENSITY 4= 187680
TOTAL = 641743
DAHLGREN, VA.-MD.
VIMS MAP #066
AA3 8019
BA2 2461
CA3 13864
DA3 38344
EA4 9064
FA4 2646
GA1 150199
HA3 51585
IA3 164825
JA4 59314
KA4 58838
LA4 4201
MA4 16761
NA4 3178
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
150199
2461
276637
154001
583297
COLONIAL BEACH NORTH,
VA.-MD.
VIMS MAP # 067
AA4
BA2
CA4
DA2
EA4
FA3
GAS
HA1
IA3
JA1
94208
3256
8494
1235
68487
51469
56072
55433
120558
7012
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
62445
4492
228098
171189
466224
BARREN ISLAND, MD.
VIMS MAP # 072
AA2
BA3
CA2
DA2
EA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
HONGA, MD.
VIMS MAP # 073
AA3
BA1
CAS
DAS
EA2
FA1
GAS
HAS
IA1
JA3
KA2
LA4
MAS
NA2
OA2
PAS
QA4
RA4
224485
53011
51964
18575
869115
0
1164140
53011
0
1217151
73361
46223
159125
136842
94787
35100
25769
75854
25814
13778
11953
93304
17274
479607
14890
10245
1937
1846
216
-------
SA2
TA2
UA2
VA2
WA2
XA2
YA2
ZA2
AB1
BB2
CB2
DB2
EB2
FB2
GB1
HB4
IB1
JB4
KB2
LB1
MB2
NB2
OB2
PB4
QB2
RB3
SB2
TB2
UB4
VB1
WB2
XB3
YB3
ZB1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
WINGATE, MD.
VIMS MAP # 074
AA1
23764
50520
263752
5023
58307
56871
241781
122895
27844
5189
19996
37327
21949
302291
115871
543359
43992
446184
71978
628551
78234
63455
87728
82823
34532
254792
44902
20574
2552798
39485
31090
486328
425323
11049
973928
2243396
1678692
3722251
8618268
13348
BA4
CA2
DA4
EA1
FA3
GA4
HA1
IA2
JA3
KA1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
277661
54788
1583802
108606
176850
1686128
90101
116204
463302
32296
244351
170993
640152
3547591
4603087
RICHLAND POINT, MD.
VIMS MAP # 082
AA3
BA3
CAS
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
BLOODSWORTH
MD.
VIMS MAP # 083
AA3
BA3
CA2
DA3
EA2
FA2
GA2
HA3
73767
73037
62346
0
0
209150
0
209150
ISLAND,
8474
4989
9062
2698
42222
29288
28380
30396
217
-------
IA3
JA3
KA3
LAS
MA2
NA2
OA3
PA2
QA2
RA4
SA2
TA3
UA2
VA2
WAS
XA2
YA3
ZA1
AB4
BB1
CB2
DB1
EB4
FB2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
485885
71333
3012671
1284084
13389
432237
265669
5916
362088
573290
14399
29201
8572
3106
52734
174489
755514
124485
35904
24402
1850
52733
71558
5989
201619
1130986
6003649
680752
MONIE, MD.
VIMS MAP # 085
AA3
BA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
ST. GEORGE ISLAND,
VA.
VIMS MAP # 089
AA3
BA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
65363
7389
0
0
72752
0
72752
MD.
6283
11112
0
0
17395
0
17395
TOTAL = 8017007
DEAL ISLAND, MD.
VIMS MAP # 084
AA3
BA2
TOTAL AREA
225789
17729
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
0
17729
225789
0
243518
HEDGES STRAITS, MD.
VIMS MAP # 091
AA4
BA2
CA4
DA3
EA1
FAS
GA2
HAS
IA4
JA2
KA3
LA2
MAI
NA4
67622
154612
98185
3105214
135373
252165
227261
75217
1456816
29934
417751
13023
61330
449960
218
-------
OA2
PA4
QA2
RA3
SA3
TA2
UA2
VA4
WA2
XA2
YA2
ZA3
AB2
BB1
CBS
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
TERRAPIN SAND
MD.
VIMS MAP * 092
AA2
BA3
CA4
DAI
EA2
FA4
GA4
HA1
IA1
JA2
KA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
3634
775515
77922
604663
61012
11575
22958
212794
13338
9634
16807
300629
17337
106748
69267
303451
598034
4885918
3060892
8848295
POINT,
22031
112353
1741813
116384
305514
140934
66972
78038
19337
4851
2467
213758
332396
114820
1949719
MARION, MD.
VIMS MAP # 093
AA3
BA3
CA3
DAS
EA1
FAS
GA2
HA4
IA2
JA4
KA4
LAS
MA2
NA4
OA2
PA2
QA2
RA2
SA2
TA2
UA3
VA2
WAS
XA2
YA3
ZA2
AB4
BB2
CBS
DBS
EB4
FB2
GB1
HB3
IB2
JB3
KB3
LB2
MBS
NB3
OB3
PB3
QB2
RB3
12201
7977
10257
66335
186557
46210
56801
67749
37929
63146
72068
204088
28038
421387
119912
18167
26537
7451
28491
47450
33406
138508
286480
97751
65000
72246
9589
29244
22601
93686
192157
35601
36723
57948
34002
54625
128428
111968
2214
5514
12805
4603
3386
1200
TOTAL =
2610694
219
-------
SB3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
EWELL, MD.-VA.
VIMS MAP #099
AA4
BA2
CA1
DA4
EA2
FA2
GA2
HA4
IA1
JA4
KA4
LAS
MAS
NA3
OA1
PA4
O.A1
RA2
SA3
TA2
UA3
VA3
WA4
XA2
YA2
ZA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
865
TOTAL =
26059291
GREAT FOX ISLAND, MD.-
223280
893481
1116441
826096
3059298
11910730
6035756
143972
2511069
139435
47890
63038
127665
161606
86235
33315
1370135
34456
484781
61085
277695
60488
44410
125054
3646
4532
36230
2066659
50183
39156
140070
427151
6563584
2055188
17013369
VA.
VIMS MAP # 100
AA4
BA1
CA2
DA4
EA2
FAS
GA3
HAS
IA2
JA3
KA4
LA2
MA4
NA2
OA2
PA2
QA4
RA3
SA3
TA4
UA2
VA4
WA4
XA1
YA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
CRISFIELD, MD.
VIMS MAP # 101
AA4
BA2
CA2
DA2
4175072
55923
1406084
1227459
283082
163532
231699
708171
99645
13461
74403
18181
137609
19831
6415
7040
2852153
46488
46875
266002
147478
227279
1729818
256308
10216
312231
1987756
1210226
10700011
14210224
-VA.
1131324
73401
38923
47391
220
-------
EA3
FA2
GA2
HA4
IA2
JA2
KA4
LAS
MA3
NA2
OA3
PAS
QA4
RA2
SA2
TA2
UA4
VA4
WAS
XA4
YA2
ZA3
AB3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
SAXIS, VA.-MD.
VIMS MAP # 102
AA2
BA2
CA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
26880
15860
353458
168284
51776
13079
69145
91749
5880
5651
112965
113216
59874
19378
3001
12124
48777
307697
27666
81627
12063
290341
5746
0
646106
674443
1866728
3187277
2592
2403
7610
0
12604
0
0
12604
REEDVILLE, VA.
VIMS MAP # 106
AA2
BA2
CA2
DAI
EA4
FA2
GA4
HA2
IA2
JA1
KA2
LA2
MAI
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
TANGIER ISLAND,
VIMS MAP # 107
AA3
BA1
CA4
DA2
EA2
FA2
GA2
HAS
IA2
JA4
KA4
LA2
MAI
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
13972
39023
87317
95140
1169453
628202
273075
46802
5490
18345
2844
11014
37211
150696
834663
0
1442528
2427887
VA.
447513
152747
1337455
43162
115617
16965
115279
764935
40961
211943
4475707
69415
30421
183168
401399
1212448
221
-------
DENSITY 4 =
6025105
TOTAL =
10525053
TOTAL =
7822119
CHESCONESSEX, VA.
VIMS MAP # 108
AA2
BA2
CA4
DA4
EA2
FAS
GA4
HA2
IA2
JA3
KA2
LAS
MA4
NA3
OA4
PA2
QA2
RA4
SA2
TA4
UA1
VA4
WA2
XA4
YA4
ZA3
AB2
BB2
CBS
DB2
EB4
FB3
GB1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
116697
54540
163943
17127
47951
1126
256783
125671
232312
490998
233008
338142
350092
369577
948076
249972
283839
159291
603588
632918
174999
332011
531324
730359
53461
4618
32761
118757
298783
107797
857990
1461424
145120
320119
2738215
2964667
4502052
PARKSLEY, VA.
VIMS MAP # 109
AA4
BA2
CA1
DAS
EA2
FA2
GA4
HAS
IA2
JA2
KA2
LAI
MA3
NA1
OA2
PAS
QA3
RA2
SA3
TA1
UA3
VA3
WA2
XA2
YA4
ZA4
AB4
BBS
CB4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
URBANNA, VA.
VIMS MAP # 110
AA2
19478
53821
20259
48217
104226
4594
22507
4696
79467
6308
458804
94738
164542
17872
31522
23162
456622
212568
305295
25668
13130
11974
2859
6811
32545
1516
87867
43126
2476813
158536
960979
1070762
2640725
4831003
36639
222
-------
BA2
CA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
IRVINGTON, VA.
VIMS MAP # 111
AA2
BA2
CA2
DA4
EA4
FAS
GA4
HAS
IA4
JA3
KA2
LA2
MA2
NA2
OA3
PA2
QA2
RA2
SA4
TA3
UA4
VA3
WAS
XA4
YA2
ZA4
TOTAL AREA
13181
4047
0
53866
0
0
53866
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
2183
5520
31856
8625
13831
87403
200535
164321
263874
12218
111659
37521
5250
3540
66777
8549
1540
27652
2648
18205
75179
96617
80655
158297
1769
164122
0
237040
526195
887111
TOTAL =
FLEETS BAY, VA.
VIMS MAP # 112
AA2
BA3
CAS
DA2
EA3
FA1
GAS
HA4
IA2
JA2
KA3
LAS
MA3
NA2
OA2
PA2
QA3
RA3
SA2
TA2
UA3
VA3
WA2
XA3
YA1
ZA2
AB3
BB2
CBS
DB2
EB2
FB2
GB2
TOTAL AREA
1650346
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
570292
47097
23404
3131
300853
275857
258484
21969
331537
7214
22562
21467
6878
28510
40347
45594
877449
10697
40341
16326
18227
79589
116809
304050
19377
9473
187639
111177
2320
56444
21135
29096
13199
295235
1440624
2160716
21969
3918543
223
-------
NANDUA CREEK,
VIMS MAP #113
AA1
BA2
CA1
DAS
EA4
FAS
GA4
HA2
IA4
JA4
KA1
LA4
MAS
NA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
VA.
33688
51082
118554
7344
96173
3236
458594
1294036
175051
84350
161576
157442
396269
1378145
313818
2723263
406849
971610
RA2
SA2
TA2
UA3
VA3
WA3
XA2
YA3
ZA4
AB4
BB2
CB1
DB2
EB3
FB4
GB3
HB2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
1190
2751
47550
7903
1435
6952
18920
115977
90632
71648
204464
282195
424561
137585
52671
4692
28775
1001203
3165351
1064103
4531149
TOTAL =
4415540
PUNGOTEAGUE, VA.
VIMS MAP # 114
AA4
BA1
CAS
DA2
EA4
FA2
GA4
HA1
IA2
JA3
KA4
LA2
MA2
NA3
OA1
PAS
QA2
156876
414509
150548
2974
5711
68850
369270
28456
11046
9244
3784341
2129231
223275
338526
276043
291240
1764
TOTAL =
WILTON, VA.
VIMS MAP #117
AA3
BA3
CA3
DA2
EA3
FA2
GAS
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
9761806
3318
6082
1878
73210
67790
2975
4724
0
76185
83793
0
159978
224
-------
DELTAVILLE, VA.
VIMS MAP # 118
AA1
BA1
CA2
DA2
EA4
FA2
GA2
HA2
IA2
JA3
KA2
LA2
MA3
NA2
OA3
PA4
QA2
RA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
6525
3394
121551
302564
18019
152372
8318
37024
52498
21947
97364
15000
16934
21454
18834
10814
37820
133009
9919
845965
190723
28833
OA3
PA1
QA3
RA4
SA1
TA2
UA2
VA3
WA4
XA2
YA2
ZA3
AB2
BB4
CB2
DB4
EB1
FBI
GB4
HB2
IB3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
53557
265214
668808
193505
739310
78044
2786
30612
680139
41473
1031
84364
430326
194647
154815
316375
11096
51584
166250
172229
61907
1213073
1653148
1010294
2339887
TOTAL = 1075440
JAMESVILLE, VA.
VIMS MAP # 119
AA2 140673
BA1 42261
CA2 592211
DA4 773038
EA3 85719
FA1 90906
GA3 5413
HAS 7123
IA2 21959
JA2 10279
KA3 12790
LA2 7321
MAI 12703
NA4 15933
TOTAL = 6216401
WARE NECK, VA.
VIMS MAP # 122
AA2 4830
BA2 437975
CA3 53411
DA4 98074
EA2 93206
FA3 293004
GA2 358499
HA3 293948
IA3 202240
JA3 109577
KA3 177672
LA3 141080
MAS 953753
225
-------
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
MATHEWS, VA.
VIMS MAP # 123
AA4
BA4
CAS
DA3
EA3
FAS
GA2
HA4
IA2
JA2
KA4
LAI
MA2
NA4
OA2
PA4
QA2
RA2
SA2
TA4
UA3
VA4
WA4
XA1
YA3
ZA2
AB2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
FRANKTOWN,VA.
0
894509
2224685
98074
3217268
56956
190594
10232
3239
103296
92416
20581
2575
1341
231796
597524
38195
153954
103213
2527
313314
188645
148984
35208
13835
14073
11823
16179
5004
33250
1678
215947
43199
1000661
256506
1306013
VIMS MAP # 124
AA4
BA4
CA1
DA3
EA4
FA4
GAS
HA2
IA3
JA3
KA2
LAS
MA2
NA2
OA2
PA4
QA2
RA2
SA2
TA2
UA1
VA3
WA4
XA2
YA1
ZA2
AB3
BBS
CB2
DBS
EB3
FB2
GB2
HB2
IB2
JB2
KB2
LB4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
104869
7042
579663
71403
303339
444841
16425
25178
125830
34019
9970
233033
3772
159284
280568
1624117
68580
32894
47322
140035
553650
84258
319073
65056
17535
16693
7583
3953
3274
159196
16096
83106
7788
22975
108175
137576
163693
194283
1150847
1375938
751795
TOTAL =
2606379
226
-------
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
ACHILLES, VA.
VIMS MAP #131
AA2
BA3
CA3
DA4
EA4
FA2
GA1
HA4
IA4
JA4
KA2
LA2
MA2
NA2
OA4
PA4
QA3
RA2
SA4
TA2
UA1
VA3
WA3
XA3
YA4
ZA2
AB4
BB4
CB2
DB4
EB2
FB4
GB2
HB2
IB2
JB3
KB2
LB3
MB4
NB2
2997564
6276144
59876
65913
28365
47941
1176394
134459
19359
19588
32946
1286151
268840
48494
6815
11827
62196
958872
297179
10283
1254171
230192
87846
152168
2632
2820
230959
17219
17732
264361
15472
1406738
38617
584129
94540
55317
8348
45707
29895
219066
488643
314122
OB2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
12595
107205
1356911
813849
7830820
10108785
NEW POINT COMFORT, VA.
VIMS MAP # 132
AA2
BA2
CA2
DA4
EA2
FA4
GA2
HAS
IA3
JA4
KA1
LAI
MAI
NA4
OA2
PA1
QA3
RA4
SA2
TA3
UA3
VA4
WA2
XA3
YA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
413907
316925
160192
4976767
154059
540688
296762
167654
1363050
764889
60239
134080
75356
1078273
113550
283908
553175
1086998
181078
85898
24170
923419
515893
113416
102601
553583
2152366
2307363
227
-------
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
CAPE CHARLES,
VIMS MAP #133
AA2
BA1
CA4
DAS
EA2
FA4
GA2
HA2
IA2
JA2
KA3
LAS
MAI
NA4
OA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL a
CHERITON, VA.
VIMS MAP # 134
AA2
BA4
CA2
DA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
9473635
14486948
VA.
150852
113334
20222
288240
7416
786013
102565
15467
12841
41489
69389
158079
831559
831390
53660
944893
523500
515708
1637626
3621727
94725
165860
186115
380570
0
280840
0
546430
827270
YORKTOWN.VA.
VIMS MAP * 139
AA1
BA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
POQUOSON WEST,
VIMS MAP # 140
AA4
BA4
CAS
DA2
EA3
FA2
GA4
HAS
IA2
JA4
KA2
LAI
MAS
NA3
OA4
PA2
QA4
RA2
SA4
TA4
UA2
VA2
WAS
XA3
YA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
1483
5595
1483
5595
0
0
7078
VA.
38373
29385
88437
579459
398276
94520
65475
25208
34396
159820
104416
697616
716220
94359
32228
809479
462895
233662
635382
16900
73308
22744
24524
53615
55763
697616
1951985
228
-------
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
POQUOSON EAST,
VIMS MAP #141
AA2
BA4
CA4
DAI
EA2
FAS
GA3
HAS
IA4
JA4
KA2
LA4
MA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
ELLIOTTS CREEK,
VIMS MAP # 142
AA2
BA2
CAS
DA2
EA1
FAS
GA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
1400639
1496221
5546460
VA.
750841
5521553
419709
1692467
118392
1584619
1335586
61558
11204
6188
2522
8421
1049
1692467
872804
2981763
5967074
11514108
VA.
12778
60092
17349
16705
262609
284865
27261
262609
116835
302213
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
TOWNSEND, VA.
VIMS MAP # 143
AA2
BA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
HAMPTON, VA.
VIMS MAP # 147
AA3
BA1
CAS
DA4
EA3
FA1
GA2
HA3
IA3
JA4
KA4
LA2
MA4
NA3
OA4
PA1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 -
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
0
681657
2088
5130
0
7218
0
0
7218
27356
66281
329045
89073
570470
291815
3537
107896
122341
464393
49381
657499
564219
24397
367581
77096
435192
661036
1181504
1534646
3812378
229
-------
CAPE HENRY, VA.
VIMS MAP # 152
AA3
BA2
CA2
DAS
EA2
FAS
GA1
HA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
41815
57983
16501
22831
5534
10665
62029
19265
62029
99283 .
75311
0
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
ASSAWOMANBAY,
VIMS MAP # 166
AA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 -
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL a
62312
89747
MD.
12337
0
0
12337
0
12337
TOTAL = 236624
PORT TOBACCO, MD.
VIMS MAP # 161
AA2 1936
BA4 124586
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
0
1936
0
124586
126522
CHARLOTTE HALL, MD.
VIMS MAP # 162
AA4
BA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
62312
27435
0
0
27435
BERLIN, MD.
VIMS MAP # 167
AA1
BA3
CA4
DA2
EA4
FAS
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
OCEAN CITY, MD.
VIMS MAP #168
AA2
BA3
CA2
DA3
EA2
FAS
GA2
23666
14080
30095
27993
10240
5224
23666
27993
19304
40335
111298
6228
10422
134630
7098
8253
7967
2150
230
-------
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
TINGLES ISLAND,
VIMS MAP # 170
AA3
BA2
CA2
DAS
EA4
FA2
GA2
HA1
IA4
JA3
KA2
LA2
MAS
NA3
OA4
PA4
QA4
RA3
SA3
TA4
UA2
VA2
WAS
XA2
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
0
151261
25486
0
176747
MD.
12628
9029
12639
1032231
5638755
15576
11637
181657
421797
17250-45
13333
1762
3060
14731
551437
533540
203027
2593
211753
42205
14414
970
8864
1711
181657
81071
3010905
7390760
10664392
BOXIRON, MD.-VA.
VIMS MAP # 172
AA4
BA3
CA2
DAS
EA1
FAS
GAS
HA4
IA4
JA2
KA1
LA4
MA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
2247909
111231
2759
26738
115705
1761897
1184457
25953
87632
30505
93206
870128
167116
208911
33264
3084322
3398739
6725237
WHITTINGTON POINT, MD.-
VA.
VIMS MAP # 173
AA1
BA3
CA1
DA4
EA2
FA4
GA1
HA2
IA4
JA3
KA1
IA3
MAI
NA4
OA4
PAS
13652
40924
234779
289082
220612
29994
251043
84242
1633576
136577
150645
163557
208052
56532
44037
31287
231
-------
QA2
RA1
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
11925
36296
894467
316779
372345
2053222
3636813
CHINCOTEAGUE WEST, VA.
VIMS MAP * 174
AA4
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
6316
0
0
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
0
6316
6316
CHINCOTEAGUE EAST, VA.
VIMS MAP * 175
AA3
BA4
CA3
TOTAL AREA
DENSITY 1 =
DENSITY 2 =
DENSITY 3 =
DENSITY 4 =
TOTAL =
68606
6030491
29508
0
0
98114
6030491
6128605
232
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