-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
                                                                 IV  -  (•



 ' 11  the.available information on the  industrial water uses in  the


 Basin, each industry was considered separately.  The general pro-


 rfMurc vss  to directly apply the 19'':-0 index of output projections for


 rr'ch  industry to obtain the 19^0 wptr>r use  projection.  For the


 Years 2000  and 2020, the industrial water supply needs were staenucte


 to reflect  such fcctors as expected process changes, avail?oillty or


 i ;.ter, and  rreater reuse of v/sete water.


      The  ;;:rjor industries considered  in the deterrraning ,-rler  roquire-


 ri-T'V.', v.-crs  VYer tvrco (formerly West Virginift Pulp nnc Paper Coarpa/iy)


 ;• b Covir!(-;tO3i;  James Lee pjid Cons Co.  at Glasgow; the Meau Corporation


 r.t I^mchbur^;  E.I. du Pont de Nemours, Federal Poper Board Co., and


 >--'urnd^rci  Pr.per Manufactures Co., Inc.  at Richmond;  Allied Chemicnl


 Corps. • nd  Continental Can Company ht  Hopewell;  'm Americcn Tobrccc


 C). in Chesterfield County.


     For  coinpcr&tive purposes tho recorded  morn and inini^iir. strearr.


 ;'lov/: f-rid the  calculated 7-day 10-year lov  i lows are shown belov .



                                        Mean             10-Ye-  r
                              River     Flow   Miniir.iun   Lo\; Fl .?v
	Arcr	Gagea     .MOD	MOD 	IvJGD


 J •/.in^ton-Clifton Forge   Jackson       /,!<;      /2         :0


 ', •. .!i •,;,~.                   M ur\^         2:0       5         ^0

-------
                                        -- ;nPP:.7
'.i\ ;t.i: T.;I-: - j   ;i .  .:.unicip; ":
I

I
•                 1:  ' :• "~7. r xrrc iT:  ,"lov;;. 'pp^rr to be adequate for all  rauni.-ipel
_           'nd indn"irirl  \voter requirements in -.he  ^.'..-in l.hrouph ycr r ,.02(J
"           ('"•  '•!-  IV - .;),  0,'cept !..•!' Covirrl.-. .   F^  • .ura--'r-:  '  ;;•   J:i u:  ' rl

I

I

I

I

I

I

I
               \  :r ' uppi"  p.- occ<"5ion.
•                 IT V.'estvr-'CO increases v/rter urfige ir the  :7uturo, ac  the pro-
               >-1ionr'  rufjprrt, the  company ;,ill  neod 7,0 purchcrc stnrcge ii; tl:e
•           '  .."rir'ht Rrrervoir  cr develop ether sources T,G nieet the  edai i,i..;r.r;l
              Inquire- •"•••;.
                          '
                  - •:, Hopovvoll, nmrt 01 the inductri^l water eupp.'y can ( «-> rom ea
I           •  - ,;( -L,i!.,c;, as  the river .t low ppcf:cs dovmctrefm cinco induttrist err
             •.•;Jcly spaced  r.lonn  "the River.   Neturr.l flew pluc  reservoir flow?
 •            J ready planned  appear adequate  for v/cter supply needs.

 I

 I

-------
I
I
•


•
 I

                                  7    J/J'JK  RIVER  v;/rJ& "DALIT!  b"IAND/REt,


I
                    V. c  .)';'!'"•.'  K:ivcr i •"  ^oiv-:i !,-•  ••    '    .^.1  .1 i,' t/; r i-rcr;1: rbovr  ...


I            '"•<•-: ^ Kioi.'jiior.J .   BMov; flichr.cn. j .   ;,h'   i,.i  .  1  portion u.' ihe J.T.IO


             •  ,-  t _ t'~-r:   .r "ix  f L/e; n .


                   V,1 ;,c r qu' lit;,r r; ; ..a^crdc  hnvo  be-:r.  rjopi.^.-  • ^,iv  o  L:i p ir;.":on.:


              ,.   • ijilc?1' "t;  :,e rt''T::irr'l-  !arjvo o'ior.  • pprove ',  :>   !• ,o  ' oci'J.-"i\  •.;:. oil f>.:cep'L.ionr:  note,;  en  -erne jre^t,  in: iluain/' i :f; 'i^nr1.



I
                           - , -  .       rv ,,c, -i .     ,_ 	- ,.,  fp. p.  \ 0...0 , ,,-,,1  ,• ,-  -  ri r-,, /-i











•            -      \d: • i;   Lemper.*" Lure  I,: c)';'   T   (•   pr?r^"tj.
                    >c)l   ' 'T.  c L'nl.'.r !." hc.vr  boon  '  '>jp^eo ' c"fi poriirr.;  o,   '^ir '•'.


                i  ,  '  l(   . f..r  pi, /" .0  w; oC-r ruppT   "n •/-'"" " °-::'cr-. iur .   'Ir^e  id.'c:


                :;i;, on     ::J •   poln!, ,"• fidlrr  ;''O7u lit-pe^'cl'   lirr  ».c  cuj-i/ci'iH -  U".;


                pi'o: in...  iVic;-t  GJ  \ he  'r'rr.i. tii^or   cvnv  Hi
-------
I

I
                                      VI. UPPER JAf.CE,: RIVER
•
                                                                                     VI - 1
 I              Iii  I1!.- Upper J-i.iof  River  B-'.;li:,  11"" principal  rourcct  o. v,.'.,;,e




 «        ,   :• r . re  l.hrp^  pulp ' nu paper in:'.!!; ,  one ,1;.  Co--. •> ;;!.or :  n.)  tv e  1r,




          'h.' i, :'.t'hl>'nv i rr~: .   Tfie::e pulp '  .: paper i..J1~U  'I'?' expect'"   U< ^r>




 •        ,T'-T- their output  tonnage by ^ j rotor oi'  2-" ey  lvv:-0 and  h\ r, , -T icr




          c  .   -.  bj  'h,- yvir 2020.  V-a;-:te l">auiii/jf 1,0 ti f Kly--^ vo'll  :  : •/  : n-




 •        •  r~ r",  bu i, i\y r- Mnraler icctcr due "i o improved proco.r,'.:er  r. ithir; the




 _        n •   ,: ,  ."iid r-.lditionr 1  hrc-r tn;ent :•;  v, ;:: te y:;i Lf-r prior to discharge.
                In  -jr'icr  L,C,  -.ie Ermine ncaru'.  of r.r i'ntaining the en op tec! rater




I        qu; Li.:,-'  .' >/ndarvr ,  •. iiia thematicrl rrio;:ei cone Trucked by J.L. Y,;orle;y




          ',,•:  ntiilia-a  uo cfO'"alate  nire-" -"ic-v; requiren^ni,.' .   Thic rnoaei  ±L p.




•         ,i; ; i • 1  c'^ripiiut.r  npp] ico Lien  L>    i.b.o '' i.r^e^ei-Phelpr equrti'ni .'or




_         ;;   ,;' ve i  ••>:y^cr.  '  v;ater qucliiv auT'vrey  'rd crorf feclionf  i';e"e t-'ken




^B        -  Y '   '' ^ r.
                     ic'.  Rivsr b;   Virrini.-  Milit:r:>r InsLU,U'e  Reto-. :"ch L^briT—



                     .Li) 19t'C  ir t;rder to  coiutruci. ; nd  veriiy  the n" themr tic:;-l
•              Ye1,'  I'vt'V v.asue loaaingf  nnd flci; used  ir.  :,he  \Vorley M; th 1'bJc




           •    .,he Ifpp^r Jr./;ier River rre  ; ho,,:i  in Table  IV - ] .   \";t~ t\s.: i'lt  -  ;




•          •   • or •• 1 °'< -7 ';•:••-•.,> r>:v '"ii^ei   ''TT.r. "n  b^erl ,OT- .'
                                                                                        _
•            7iiT;iai!  Depnrtncnl  o;  Herltli.  l.iiin::cipr 1  wr-rte  io;  i:.  *, er'_ c"lculrtoo



                  ,-.,01- r ervic.v popul rtioii;  ' r;.



•        'j.. j  ( I h,< ./
-------
vb
cc
I
I
I
      rj
V
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
 I
                                                                                                                                           VI  -  ;•
01
(••)
J3,




•j
O
T— '
-P
to
cr
ff-

\
£




1
T J
. ! (>> M
'" -rH CO
9 r cc 0
:T. £ Q J
< f-<
M ^ p;
> - c-
' i ^*
CR i -(
• , f, "'
*' ;o 8 3
£-"! j [-' » .,-H
rJ-, P« 05
p' n

1 JH
i O
PH
-J
'o
m
0)































--.„-
J
^5
o
ai
	 N
ro
rH
^_-



-~-^
Q
i
cr
£
^
• 1
cc!
bO
3
Q
s
.
X>
r-l
* 	 '



TJ
C"
O
h-3





£
§
J?







c:
o
•H
-p
3

r 5
O
p-l

H 4
O

0)
O
>H
3
O
CO





x>
•1 ,
r- J


O
I/A
OO
t-
'"

O
O
O
O








O
OJ
^
X>

UA
Q
S
«
r-H
* 	 .

O
UA
CM

v0
UA
CO
r-l





•
0
o

SH
0)
a.

PH

Tl
C
CC

Q^
i— <
*"3
PH

•
co
^>

.p
w
QJ
S
UA --O
MJ O
r-l .t


J\ O
A} !^
oo if/
r»"i O


T . r \t
_j ij'\
' — ' O^
CXI O


ro !>-
, 	 j ;^Q
OJ




UA r^-
(T> r--.
OJ




H
PH

•
UA p-<
UA ^-^
O
O
O O
< — i vo
r— *sD
i — i i — i



rH
• — f
cr
•*-!
rH -p
.H 3
co O

-P ^H
3 0
O O
•^
C
o ;*
-P O
bo >~n
c
•rH Vi
> r)
O
r-J r-*3
4-
^-4-1 -rH
O C
3
»>3 S
-P S
•H O
U O
r< i cc ro cc r-- C' t~~
(' 1 r-H OJ !O ."1 C<~] CO
CO , -< CO .\l -f -j- OJ

r\)
\D >-H a- O C ro
00 O CM 0 CO 00 CM
r-H CO 'H •'O O CT'. i-H
O Oj o O ^ C CO


o --r -x- c- t- - - .-A
'"A rH r- O ; v-- ,-H
c^ oc o 'M -.C' \i; o
o -j c o c c~ oj


vD n CA o ro ex
O O O C> CO' CC
r - Oj r-H




O 'Jx O I-- ^iJ C '>
LTA t~~ —' OA CO 'M CJ
OJ I"- CM OO J- C UA
• -j Oj rv) co
OO

^X
Q
O
CQ
OT
x— s W x-x W Cd [£) Xi
• ••••• , — <
M P-, r-q PH P-, PH ^— '
• V 	 ' • 	 	 ' 	 -• ^, 	 •
PH PH O
ir\ j'\ UA vo CM
O C UA ro rt (X
jA ~ ^ ^ ^ ^ vO
X ^X) t~- -H or, vC CM
-3- CV O O u-A ,AJ O
CT- CA O UA oo ro OO
r— 1 , — 1 , — ' r-J . — ( , — 1 , — 1

O
bO
00
CO
rH
rH O
i — 1
or 08
., j
4-> •
3 r-l O
O rH o
C£ r— f
CO -t-J 	 1 C/)
g -P -H -H r-l CC C
r-H p r^ ,_| r-i ^_ C
0) O cc cc cr -P CO
ro v, H-H '-^ 3
0) 4J p 4J O TJ
r^ tfl 3 3 3 C
O r. O O O cr cr-
O p
r^ Et,  ,_}
C O O C bO
3 -p cc C co W
S ij C X! "-1 C «J
e -H o o x v a
O rH r-l 3 4' 3 CO
O O M CQ 1^1 eq K-J
CC>

-3"

tM
ro
OJ
o^
OO
r— )

C">
0
Q
C3A








, — i
vC
X'
r-(

^_UA
r~^
CQ
Vl
• 	 ^

O

•^
ro
CM

CC
r-l
r-H








•
Q
CJ

s^
(U
a
05
PH

c/2
•H
O
C
•H
rH
t— 1
M
1
W
C

>
O
J-
r-H
CM


J.
1>-C

o


-J-
v^--
_t
c


c-





OvJ
co
CO





^~~-
•
PH

O
o
o

oo
CM
O
r-H









, 	 ,
r-1
01
r, |
-P
3
O

w
-p
X!
bC
•rH
OJ
rC

C
O
OT
•rH
tJ
CO
2:
vD

ro
r.
^ — 1
UA
CO

CM
, — j

O
o
CM
CC








OO
c-
0
g

u"\
Q
O
PQ
to
Xi
r— i
V 	 -

o
rvj
•V
r — i
MC-
o
0
rH
















C
o
•1 — I
-p
CO

O
ex
r-H
O
o

"O

                                                                                                                                           x^
                                                                                                                                            cc
                                                                                                                                           O
                                                                                                                                            en
                                                                                                                                           13
                                                                                                                                           8
                                                                                                                                           •"'j
                                                                                                                                           o
                                                                                                                                            be
                                                                                                                                            c
                                                                                                                                           •H
                                                                                                                                            CO
                                                                                                                                                  CD
                                                                                                                                                  i.j
                                                                                                                                                  QJ
                                                                                                                                                  CQ
-------
I
I
I
I
I
                                                                             VI - 3
i or C'trcr.m  Improvement  (Of  the  Pu'ip,  Paper,  and Pcperboaro , Inutirvrics
                                ies     a
           Pic.,  ir.uuctriel waste inventories,   and converrationc v;ith  indus-
_         tri-- 1  representatives.  /.ll flows v/ere converted  to  cubic  feet per
™         ;'ecc,nd (el's) and nil load,0 were converted to ultimate  BOD  in  ppm
•         i'or use in the math model.
               Projected waste loadings (prior to treatment) end HOWE  viced  in
•         i,ar? the Worley Model for the years 1980, 2000, nnd 2020 ;?re fiinrwn  in
           Tables VI - 2. 3, and L, .  Basically the waste flows  are the rprne as
™         VIP water rupply needs discussed in section IV.   The waste floxi/,^ v/ern
•         r^nridered approximately equal to \vater supply flows,  lees industrial
           cooling './ater.  It wet- assumed that consumptive losses v/ere offset cy
•         ini'iltration into the sewerage system.  Municipal waste loads were
           computed using xhe populetion equivalents of 0.21 (ibs/cap/day) y-dsy
•         BOD in 1980, 0.2^ (ibs/cap/day) 5-day BOD in 2000, end 0.25 (ibs/crp/day)
•         !,--dny  in 2020 in conjugation v-ith projected weter service  populations.
           Indur-'tricil v.'aste loads in pounds of BOD v/ere computed  using the pro-
I         joctea inde^cc of output and the reported waste loads  in 1967 Tor  each
           Industry.
•             The loads shown in Tables VI - 1 through VI  - 4 were  then applied
•         U,  the Worley Math Model end dilution flows necessary  to maintain
           three,  j our, five and six rog/1 dissolved oxygen were calculated for
''.'%. ()Q%, and 95% BOD removal  at  eight,  twelve,  twenty, twenty-live,
i.v;cnt\-eight, and thirty-two degrees  centigrade.  Table YI - 5 showf;
t..e flov/ requirements obtained from the  Worley Model runs necessary
t<  maintain a monthly average  of  5.0  ppm D.O.  at Covington and Lynchburg
-------
I


I
  ON

I
  oo

I
  3
               3

               9
               H
               O
               tq
               a,

           C'  O
               CO
             i  ON
               rH
           M
            P3
            «a",   *N
            FH PH
               IX,
               OH
               W
               a,
, 	 „ j
s
CO ft
T3 a,
CO 	 -
O 3
J Q
O
CQ


.^
>'2
0 LJ
-H • -^
fc,
IP
-P
CO
CO • ' — •>
:s 3
s
>>
CO
73
ovj 1 d,
f CC
o o
rH
PH rH
TO
bO
, ?
1 V- i
>> t/3 pq
-H 73
•H CC •
co O w
Q rJ rO
rH








>> co
-H T3
•H CC
co O
Q HH




JH
J3 d>
O ft
CC S
ID 3
K S










(V
O
J-1
3
O
CO
CJ
-P
CO
CC
X









7-- CO X>
' ,) vD t—
< — i oj on



r— rH
LP, G"\
o -d- o
Lf"N OJ O
P\



N- T
CO LP,
O LP O
O rH O
O
—1

rr-Ti
'* J I
06 co
on ON
'




LP _-T LP,
IP, LA CO
On IP, rH
t- on
i r\
u »
.—•H


ir\
Q
s

a ^ 	 ^
co •
£> W
— ' PH
— • W
O O PH
O O •— '
r, t_f\
C- 0
O r-H O
rH — 1 V0



CO C- v£)
CTA 7N ON
! 	 ( JL) , 	 ,


^
o
o

^
ftj
c^
cc
Pu

T?

CO

ex
,__(
3
PH
CO
•H
C
(— (
be f.
!-t O S-i
•H -p O
> bO O
C S
-P -H
w > >
=
-p
•H
c
3
g
1
O
o


LP, r^ M -r J- O
:O O vO Cr\ f~- i>-
"j .~o on m rn oo



•JN v£j on re OJ O
OJ on — < cr; c-- >-
LP, rH !\| ij~x OJ rH
r-l O O r-l -H O



CO 'CO' CO L.-N oj o
co co on ->j oj -H
ON O *-< (0 (O r-i
O O O -• O O

on 1
O on oj ^f J\ o
on oj o o o\ o
, — i i — i > — i < — i





CC r-- t- (X) LP, C
-4- CM -< 'JD vO J-
on CM -3- on LTN on
oj on oj








^— ^
x— V ' 	 * • s~~*^ ^~-,
W
W -—> W W W
PH
(X, [£! PH -— ' PH PH
^ PH "^ O
o -— - o o c o
O LP, ON O C
vO LP on • on rH
« r-J " O " ~
O- O- rH rH CO rH



OJ O O LP, OJ O
o, ,T\ LP, IT", on on
r-J rH — 1 rH rH rH



















4)
bO
S-i cr
O -P
pt, 4) C C W
-P CC O -H
C cr C -P > ^
O O C btl O
-p cc C cc bC
CM C ,C -H C W
•H O O X t> cc
rH ^ 3 (1) 3 -J
U M PQ tH1 PQ o


r-
0
-*
-%
"vi



CO
O



o
r--








g
LP
O
_d-




^ 	 N
LP,
(H
0
03

•
CO
rQ
rH
O
s
»1
LP,
ON



O
OJ
rH













•
O
0
c
o
'/I
73
C
cc

-
CO
on ,



O
LP,
OJ








O
C^
-*
rH
o
Ou



LP,
Q
s

•
ra
X)
rH
O
8
o-
on
i — i



co
r-H
rH










•
0
u

SH
1!
CU
cc
PH
W
•H
O
c
•H
r-J
^
M
1
CO
C
V
O


on
\D
on



c~-
^j-
^
o



OJ
NiO
O


'M
O
r-J





-3"
LP,
co
rH









^—^

W
fX,
o
o
o
v£>



CNJ
O
rH


















M
-P
£.
tm
•H
4)
ra

c
o
10
•r-l
73
CO
S
V J

O
J-
c-





L(\
IP,
F 	 1



o
o








LT,
VD
L^-
rH
\O




s~~^
LT\
§
CQ

•
co
£>
rH
O
o
o
r\
'M
-rt



o
o
rH

















C
O
-H
-p
en
rH
O
a.
!H
O
o
73
cc

r3
o
C
>>
J r






























(
3
O
O
PQ

>>
cc
73
ft
cc
o
/2~
rH

ON
O
on
o

73
C
cc

LP
Q
O
PQ

?5
CC
73
"^^^
Ou
CO
o
X!
,— i
O
— -i
CXI
•
o

bO
C
-H
W
^3
-^1



































•
!H
CO
0)
>>
JM
5
CC
73

a.
cr
O

,H
cn
bC

C
•H

OJ
«
CO
CD
JH
O
C
•H
-P
C
CD
O
M
4)
CU

rH

bO
C
• H
co
lz>
c\Tj
























to
J_,
0)
-p
a>
^
In
4>
-P
CC

C^H
0

a>
m
3
rn
O
c^,
>3
CC
73

&
CO
(J
^,
r-l
cc
bC

+H
O

CD
W
C"
CU
rH
O
4J
73

-p
C
0!
a
>-
a;
c

IT
ri-

b
C
u
™
on
-------
I
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
1
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
                                                                                                 VI
CO
 O
     M
     eq





















co
?•

Q
tH
O
E^
o
PH

O

s
w

CO
rTi
S
> CO CQ
i — I T^
•rH CD
CC O 10
Q ,J rQ
r-l





>> M
i — 1 'CJ
•H CO
CO O
Q vJ






r_
X! CD
0 XI

CD 3
PS 85







0)
O
rH
3
O
CO

CD
-P
to
CO
~j:











r-H
O
OO




O
LfN
rH



0
o












o
t-
oo
^
rH
UTN
CM

LfN
1
•
CO
;Q
H
-+^s

O

rH
t-
r-t



OO
rH





•
O
0

l-f
CD
ft
CC
CM

08

a,
r— <
3
a.

•
CC
^

-P
co
CD
S


4

r\j


r (
r-H
r-H
J-

VO
ljf\
vD
OJ



NO
^O
r-H






CO
O
f\
U~\





X— -S
•
W

CM

g
O
»-
vO
,—j



ON
r-H





















C
o
-P
t)0
c
•H
>
O
o


OO
_H^
OO


o
r-H
rH
o

rH
f-
o
o



QO
rH
rH






oo
O
CM










S 	 X
•
w
PM

O

\J5



^
r-H






















rH
O
Q
2!

*
o
t-H1


CM
CO
OJ


ON
CO
rH
O

CM
CM
rH
O



-3"
-3"
iH






C-
CO
OJ










s~~**
•
w
PH

O

00



"ON
rH

























m
g
rH
CD
co


(~>
v^
OJ


MD
I/N
\JD
CM

v£)
rH
t--
rH



^D
LTN
r-H






CO
fl
*\
00





<- — s,
•
w

PM

8
o
•V
rH
r-H



CM
ON
r-H

















CD
bD
rH
O


c
o
-P
CM
-H
rH
U


_^
t>-
r\j


-4"
vO
r-H
O

\£
o
rH
O



CO

1 — i






CM
CM










s~**
•
W
P-,'

IT\
i— 1
f-



C?v
r-H





















(D
-p
CC
O

C
O
rH
M


CM
OO
oo


on
CO
CM
O

OO
co
rH
o



CM
CM
i — I






£ —
tR









x— *.
•
w

o

LfN
«\
rH



O
LfN
rH





















C
CO
C
C
CO
fi
o
3
PQ


00

OO


o

-H:
CM

-M
CO
|JA
~*



'"O
,— 1
i-H






(M
m
•V
-^"





x~x
•
w

fM~

8
o

-*
rH



OO
rH





















C
o
-p
do
c
.rH
XI

ij


f^>
.^
oo


'"M

ON
rH

-H
\o
CM
rH



ON
rH
r-H






OO
OO
LfN
•s
OO





,^-^
•
w

PH*

g
\^
•t
O
rH



CM
OO
r-H



















CO
-P
CO
•H
^

CO
c
CD
3
PQ


OO
oo
oo


_J.
o
CM
O

CM
oo
r-H
O



o
CM
r-l






CM
C-
oo








r--^
•
H

PL*
o
o
rH
»s
rH



O
OO
rH























[J
O
bO
CO
CO
rH
O


-3
ON
\£)
•N
CNJ

NO
r-l
OO
rH


LfN
CO












O
o
H
^
H
ON
r-H

U"*\
^n
•
CO
X)
r-H
s^x

§
*i
O
ro
rH



O
CM
rH











•
0
u

c
o
CO

08

CD
CD
rH

CO
CD
a
co
*~3


^~
CO
rH
•^
'"^

O
CO
r-l
-*


O
CM












O
LfN
«v
fx_
NO
OJ

LfN
Q
S
•
CO
o
(H
> 	 ^

o
8

CM
00
r-H



CO
r-H
r-H






•
O
0

i-t
CD
a
CC
PH

w
•rH
O
C
-r-l
H
rH
M
1
W
c





CM
OO
00


oo
oo
rH
rH

CM
00
f~
O



OJ
C\!
r-H






CO
OJ
O
r\
CM






x*~-N
•
W

PH'



«X
vO



CM
0
r-l















CO
-P
f-*
b£)
•H
CD
33

C
O
CO
•r-4
T3

s


LfN
CM
ON



CO
LfN
CO
r-H


O
rH












0
rH
«t
CM
ON


.r-— S
LTN
1

*
CO
_JP
r-t
v 	 -•
8
o

OO
vD



8
•H














C
O
•H
-P
CO
t-H
Q
ot
f^
O
O

•d
CO

s


LfA
CO
CM


-4-
OJ
\o
o
oo
CO
00
C—
ON
rH



CM

rH






CM
CO
ON
•\
V0
_J-




•
w

CM


8
ei
ON
oo
rH



ON






















taO

3

fH
O
c
>>
rH


































,
C~^
s
CD
r)

oi
CD
0
rH

co
OO
OO
*
O
T3
C
CO

LfN
Q
S

J>5
CO
•O

p.
CD
O

d
rH

O
oo
CM

O

be
a
•H
CO
ID

*~^j
' — * f











































•
CC
CD
J>j,

' H
CD
P<

CJ
hO

C
•rH
CD
co
CD
CD
rH
CJ
c
•H

-p
r^
CD
O
JH
CD
CX

rH

00
c
•H
CO



\l^

-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
£~
CO fi|
TJ PH
CO -• — '
O 3
r— 3 Q
O
CQ
&
| 	 1 f- 	 -N
CO
co" f cj
rH O — -
rH
r^ UH
CJ
| rH 4'
J? »
CO —
•* Q
1
1 ~
CO
, " Cv)1 ?3_

O C CD
' 1-3 rH 0
P rH~
, W CD
rH tfi
b ---
w
1 *-D
O
IS rH] "~3
Q
^ O >> co O
f\| , — | r^ pQ
1 O -H CO
i_, CM CO O
[7 Q rJ CO
IPn P
> W
iS rH T3
 3
ffi IS









OJ
C)
'B
10
GO

0)
-p
w
CO
|?c












'M — 1 rH LT\ \D
O CM rH LA 00
iT\ CM OO OJ CM


CO CM CO CM
j~\ oO CM _"f~
Q CO rH CM OO
LT\ vT< O O -3
tr\
-H



rH tT\ f— JA
co a'; -3- o
f- O rH CO
O OO O O CM
0


cr\ CM oo t~~
c\ j- r- co
rH rH rH rH







O OJ rH OO O
LA OS OJ rH OJ
O\ CJ\ OJ OO UA
CO VO LT\
rH
"^

^-^
LT\
Q
S
CO
X) M M
rH • ^ — x »• 	 •
^ PH • PH
-— - W H -^
o
O O PH PH O
o o -—--«- o
* o o
LPv O O
CO O\ O LTN LT\
CM rH vO CO rH


CO C-- v£ _t CM
CJ~\ O% <5\ ry\ a\
rH rH rH rH rH






•
O
o

rH
4J
ft
CO
PH

Tf
C
CO

ft 0)
i — ' tiD
3 rH
PH O
C fcc-t
0 rH
CD -P O C
> bO 0 O
C- 2 CC -P
-P T-I S Vi
CO > > rH -H
0) O O 0) rH
3 O rJ CO O



CO
-4-
OJ


[-
CJ\
rH
O





f —
rH
O



CO
t-
rH







00
VO
CM










^ 	 ^
*
W
PH

LT\
rH
C—


Q
CT\
rH























^J
-P
CO
O

C
0
rH
M



CM
O
ro


b'N
O
OO
O





C
, — 1
C



vO
_^-
rH







t^_
^








	 ^
•
W

PH'

0
ITN
OO
*x
rH


O
LTx
rH























C
CC
C
C
CO
Jd

PQ



_-H^
OJ
CO


ir\
CT\
CO
00





vO
Lf\
OJ



vO
00
rH







CO
o
CO
vo"







^~~^
jQ
•
PH

O
0
LT\
•V
CO
rH


LT\
OO
rH























C
O
-p
tab
c
•H
V
%



CO
O
OO


CO
CO

CXI





o
ro
ON
1-1



OO
_^


CO
c
a;
«



O

OO


LT\
^H-
CM
O





CO
r-<
O



-4-
-4-
rH







LT\
O








r 	 	
•
W

PH'

O
O
rH
rx
rH


0
OO
rH

























Is
O
t$
CQ
CO
rH
O





CM

ro
O
CO

iT\
rH






O
rH












O
LT\
f>_
vO
CM

^_^^
'.TV
O
O
CQ
w
rO
I 	 '
v 	 ^

8
°«
CM
co
, — <


O
OJ
rH












•
O
o

c
o
CO

T)
c
CO

CD
CD


CO
CD
3
CO



OO
o

«>
rH
o

-=f
vO
-4-






o
OO












O
rH
oo
rH
C


^_^^
LTN
Q
S
CO
P
rH
- 	

g
0^
OO
c-~
OJ


co
^H
rH









•
0
0

SH

, — 1




rH
















C
o
•H
-p
CO

O

rH
O
O

T*
CO
S



Q\
Lf\
OJ


LT\
CT
CO
t~-
CO




8

vO



O

rH







O
g
CM
OJ
rH





ta
.
PH


O
O
o
J"

c*"^


O
Q\
























M)
rn
3

rH
U
C

VI -









































•^
o
CQ

*>?
CO

ft
ro
o
~--^
o
'
vO
oo

O

"O
c
CO
uC\
P
O
PQ

J>3
CO


CC

-
^o
rH

O
Lf\
CM
.
O

csO
C
•H
CO
^5
rHl


















































•
!H
CO
4)
SH
flJ
ft

rrj
U
ft
tiC
c
•H

d;
CQ
co

rH
0
c
•H

-P
C
0>
o

CD
ft

r— H

tsD
C
•rH
CO
•-^j

-------
 I
 •                                                                             VI - 7

            (i.li-  Lvo  MO t crii/ic'l areas  in U:c Upper Jn. of  Rivtr) I'or xiv  .r; r-
 ™         i,..v  '-cars, BCD roi:iovsl: ,  -nd vr:rpor"turec.   Figures VI - 1 through
 [fe         VI  -  '•'  ; ho;. .,MC ay pt-io"]  represent,- i.ions o   Table VI - ''•,  ITU..
            !',e:e Figures the fluv; requirenenbe presented  ir. Tf b] c: VI - >   and
 I         VI  - '/  sere ob tained .

 •         (x '.'.iiv:lo_i:-Cl.ifton /'oi'ge Area
                In UK Covington ?rea, the principal v/acte  .'-ource ic be: !//<' co
 |         (  .morl;.1  V/ert Virginia Pulp  rna Paper Coiapar;/).   Thi;  plant IL r.ov;
 ^        pr^r/i lirg  ^ecnndar;,1' treetrrient of itr: \vactec,  but tv;o Lovns ^ov/ii£tr°ara
 ™         (Govington and Clifton Forge) need  ^o adu additional treetir.ent  ic
 H         uheir present primciy plants.
                I.'lininuh1. river Llow at  Ccvington ic: C5 cfr;  average lloi; i: -'3?
 I         e ';  .  Secondary treatment  (o5 percent BOD removal) '-.ill be a jequate
 _         '-.r ron bj/i ion;  expected in  19-'0; v/ii,h a flov/  relea.ae oi' J(o cTr-
 "         ;
-------
1
1
1

1





1

1



1







I



1
1
1
1
1
Place
Yenr
Covington - (Reach 197)
1967



1980


2000

2020


Lynchburg - (Reach 90)
1967



1980


2000

2020






nevisen PI?
Tf-BLX VI - .
FLOW REQUIREMENTS - GFS (ft /sec)
Upper James River, - Virginia
DO Objective - 5.0 rag/1 Average
Temperature C
% BOD
Remova 1
85
90
95

85
90
95
85
90
95
85
90
95
85
90
95

85
90
95
85
90
95
85
90
95





8
8Q
89
89

181
181
181
181
181
181
257
188
181
374
257
142

529
358
225
844
473
266
1400
820
354





12
93
93
93

186
186
186
216
186
186
332
233
186
488
335
182

698
457
254
1089
604
331
1804
1063
449





20
116
100
100

239
201
201
360
249
201
553
393
216
786
546
290

1119
733
397
1795
962
518
2984
1759
714





25
159
113
107

336
234
214
512
354
214
858
586
321
1037
730
386

1587
989
528
2475
13^1
691
4155
2425
963




>rcn LH , i
VI-

28
206
142
113

U35
296
227
662
459
254
1057
714
364
1255
882
471

2011
1219
644
3157
1693
848
5661
3113
1190




^rr i

32
300
198
128

613
405
258
927
648
338
1557
1062
544
1581
1112
594

2731
1573
868
4266
2273
1092
84 16
4201
1538




-------
1

1*
&
,-H
I^>
1 	 1

.C
1
CD
CD
IS
cx


1

1



PC
w
II >
M
M PC
p>
to

IrQ <
;i -

|
IV




1


1


1
••

1


1



1

r-l CO CO











.-—^
,H
C
0
-p
c
o
o
-p
00
co
o
c
•r-l

co
-p
c
CU
6

•H
3
cr
CD
DC
O
r-H
Ct,












CD


o
CD
a

0


-p
o
O

a
CD
CO
j


,
c
CD


r-|
Q CO
Q t>
OQ O
3
^ 9)
rx


CD
0)


CM O (7N


ggg



t (^ U \ U s


LfN O O
CM O O
rH r- 1 . H


O O LTN
LfN H O
r-< t— 1 r-i

O LfN LfN
\£> CM O
— 1 rH r-l


O LfN LfN
\O CM O
rH i—l r-l


O LfN LfN
v£> CM O
r-H rH r-H

LfN O O
CM O 0
rH f-H rH

LfN O O
r-l O O
r-l r-l r-l

ON ON UN


poo
ON ON ON


ON ON ON



LCN O LfN
CO ON ON


-p
C
CD
CO
0)

u~\ co t —
LfN o ON
CM CM -'


CO OO OO
r-l r-l r-H


O UN LfN


0 LfN O
LfN O O
CM CM CM


0 O O
r-H CM r-l
OO OJ CM

LT\ O LT\
v£) LfN r-l
OO CM CM


lT\ O LfN
\O LCN r-l
on CM CM


LCN O LCN
\O LfN r— 1
OO CM CM

O LfN O
LCN O O
OJ OJ OJ

O O O
j- o o
CM CM CM

LTN LfN LfN
CO CO CO
—1 r-H r-l

poo
CO CO CO
r-l r-H r-H

O O O
CO OO CO
r-l r-l r-l


LfN O LfN
CO ON ON





O
CO
ON
r-l

C— LCN O
LfN \O O
OO CM CM


LfN O O
ON co co
— 1 r— 1 rH


O O U N
CM .-I r-'l


LfN LfN LfN
CO \O O
CO CM f\l


LTN LfN O
C- CM rH
-* OO CM

LfN LCN LfN
LCNCO CM
LCN OO OJ


'J~N ufN LfN
LfN CO C\J
LfN OO OJ


LfN LfN LfN
LfNCO CM
LfN OO OJ

LfN LfN LfN
OO \D O
OO CM CM

O O O
vD LCN O
CO CM CM

LCN LfN LfN
CM OO CO
CM r-l r-l

oo CO co
r-l rH r-l

LfN LfN O
OO OO 00
r-l r-H — '


LfN O LCN
OO ON ON





O
CM

J- CO ON
\D ON ro
LfN OO CM


Q O O 0
OS — 1 00 r-l
r\J CM •-'


:) O 0 <^">
•-0 LfN o\ . ^
OO "\1 i-t


O O O r-l
O oo OO CM


O O O -a-
t- J" CO CM
C~- LfN CM

CM
O O O NO
— i OO OO CM
ONVD OO

CM
o o o "Co
— 1 OO OO CM
ONvO OO


CM
O O O VD
r-l OO OO CM
ON\O 00

O O O •-!
O OO OO OJ
vu -3 OJ

OO O NO O
LCN O r-l CM
LTN J- CM

O O O CM
OO OO ON r-H
OO OJ r-H

000 CO
t- O CO
CM OJ r-l

O O O ON
C- OOO
CM CM r-l


LCN Q LfN
CO ON ON


o
o

O ft
CM S
O CD
CM H



















-^
O
•
LfN
II
^
•r-l
O
(U
O -P
A
SbO
O -H
O rH
> -P
H CD
CO O
W
3 >>
O T3
CM CD
r-l
>J r-H
r-l O
f^l ^H
p, 40
3 C
W o
o
0) 
 CD
3
13 >H
C CD
•r-l 4-5
trfi *
c
•r-l CO
T) Q)
o co
C CO
M <

H CM
VI
-------
I
•|


•
_
*
•

I
 I
 I
 I
 I
                                                                              VI - 10

            'will be nade to determine the optimum' combine tion  of  advanced waste
            treatment  (beyond b5% BOD removal) and flow  augmentation;  other
            porrjib] e methods o:'  maintaining water quality  include alternate
            .sources of water rupply for Weetvaco, ;md additional  reuse of process
            ;
-------
I
I
                                                                             VI -  11
I
                 There are several run-of-the-rivcr hydroelectric projects in the
•          L/nchhurg area.  These projects hrve  limited storage and are used
            j or peaking power, which causes periods  of little or no flow in the
•          J, iiies during wrought seasons.  In  order to obtain maximum benefit from
•          the flov; augmentation, arrangements should be made to pass augmented
            i lov/s v;ithouL storage for peaking.
•               Flov: required for various treatment levels is summarized in Table
            VI -7.   It appears that a combination  of treatment beyond S5 percent
m          BOD removal cmd additional reservoir  storage will be needed.  For
            ev.arplc, by year 1980, 90 percent  remove 1 ur.d 1,540 c:"s -would Giro
            •  fia/y  the need.
•               Costs of various combinations oi treatment levels and flow rele? set
            i \11 be  studied to determine an optimum.
|               Ho1, ever , minimum cummer I'lov:s in excess of the average stream Clew
•          r   3 ,--'00 cis -will be  iifiicult to  : ..v-.ir,  rr.d a pr"cruicr"!  limit -,,i'Jl
             Jot: to  .n a ^ \ror trout levels between 90 an. -'/} percent BOD i'^-: 'ov; 1
•          - Lll OL.  :. •; :.  ' . trr 1930 if grr-  ,7:  ;.   he p/poi' :':i.'u."1 r,'  :;/• -,h'  Cat;

I               L:"- r.'hbu.-'g no  IK c a prii arn/ -,,rstc  treatment plant and the two
•          paper mills in the area have "in plant" treatment processes.  Secon-
            dary ircr tment or its equivalent ,i hould be provide- .or these- r-.ajor
•

I

I

I
-------
;l
vi -
rH
1
O



 «
M
rH rH
_ > «
1 9 i
CQ 2
- s ^
^H
•
"





1


1


1

1
1


1










tt
a
.0
y
C
>.
-p
CD

co
o
c
•H

W
ement
^
•H
3
CT
0
rH
Pn












4)

Q


0
-P
O
o
a
 LA
t~-4" CM



O O O
r— co rH
CO LA OO
O O O
l>- oo O
-4" ON LA
rH
O O O
oo OcO
OJ rH

o o o
00 t- C-
C^- LA CO
OJ rH

o o o
oo t»- C^-
l> LA CO
CM rH

000
oo t- t—
t— LA CO
CM rH
ON ON OO
LA ON LA
rH


$8 £
OOCO -4"
rH

o o o
CM -3- ON
CO LA OJ

5 00°
vO -^ C\J

o o o
c^ao O
LA OO CM


LA Q LA
OO ON ON


^
rH
O O vD
rH ON LA
-4" OJ v£»
Ol rH

0 0 O
ON O OO
O vO oo
rH


O Q O
i — 1 \O rH
-4" C- J"
rH
o o o
Q-5 LA
OO CM \O
OJ rH
O O O
SCM O
oO ON
OO H

0 O O
CM CM rH
-4" CM rH

o o o
vD t — O
CM CM H
-4" CM rH

0 O 0
vc c— O
CM CM rH
J- OJ rH
CvJ H


O O O
C~-VO rH
rH rH VO
CM r-l

O O Q
CM CM ON
oo t- oo
rH
o o o
CM t- rH
O LA OO
rH
8 OCO
ON LA CM


LA O LA
oo ON ON


O
§
O Q LA
UNvO O
OO 00 ON
-4- CM

O VX) LA
CO O -4"
rH rH


O O O
CM OO LA
OO OO IA
CvJ rH
ONoO ON
CO CM CO
OO CM
rH OO CM
\O OO H

vJD O O
-4" CM LA
OO-4- --I

\Q O O
rH O-5
-4 CM LA
00 -4" rH

vj3 o O
rH O -4"
-4- CM LA
CO -4" rH
000
VO CM Vp
-4" CVJ


O O O
-4" CM LA
VD rH CO
OO CM

O CO CM
CM CM LA
CM rH
O 0 O
CM CO CM
t*~ ON-41
rH
O oO vD
LA CO OO
rH

LA 0 LA
CO UN ON


o
CM
O
OJ


CM
rH




rH
-4"
OJ

ON
CM


CM
OO



CM
oo



CM
OO


LTN
CvJ


OO
OJ



LA
rH


rH
rH


ON




O
O

C^
EH














rH
"\^
i*
s
o
LA

II
0)
•r-t
-P

CD
•o
§
g





















-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
,OW REQUIRED TO MAINI/MI*

 J W.K'I  D.C.
              TEMPERATURE  °C
       RIVEP  AT COVU.nTO!,   —   1 >
                                   FICRJRS VI - 1
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
CO
[t.
o
B
                 FLOW REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN
                 5.0 mg/1 D.O.
     700
     600 --
     500 --
     koo --
     301
     200
     100 --
                                                               March 26,  1969
                      10          15          20


                                  TEMPERATURE °C

                         JAMES RIVER AT COVINGTON
      25




1Q80

FIGMRI  VI -  2
30
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
CO
ft.
    1200
    1000
     800--
     600 --
     Uoo - -
     200--
                FLOW REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN
                5.0 fflg/1 D.O.
                                                            March 26, I96c;
                    H	1	H-
                     10          15          20

                                 TEMPERATURE °C

                        JAMES RIVER AT COVINGTON
      25




2000

  FIQURJ VI -  3
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
    1200
   1000
CO
fc
o
    800
    600
    1400 --
    200 --
             FLOW REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN
             5.0  mg/1 D.O.
                                                              March 26, 1969
10          15          20


            TEMPERATURE °C


   JAMES RIVER AT COVINGTON
                                                                     30
                                                   2020

                                                    FIODHE  VI
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
  lUoo  - -
   1200  '-
   1000  --
CO
Se
s
    800  --
    600  --
    IfOO  --
    200  --
               FLOW REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN
               5.0  Mg/1 D.O.
                                                             March 26, 1969
10          15          20           25


            TEMPERATURE  C


   JAMES RIVER AT LYWCHBURG - 196?
                                                                     30
                                                             - 5
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I.
   is
I
   fn

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
            FLOW REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN
            5.0 fflg/1 D.O.
2600  --
2200  - -
l800 --
ll»QO --
1000 --
 600 --
 200 --
                                                         March 26,  1969
                 10          15          20

                             TEMPERATURE °C

                     JAMES RIVER AT LYNCHBURG
     25
I960
 FIGHHX 71-  6
30
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
3900 --
3300
2700 --
2100 --
1500 --
 900 --
 300 --
             FLOW REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN
             5.0 mg/1 D.O.
                              March 26, 1969
                 10
15
20
                               TEMPERATURE  C


                      JAMES RIVER AT LYNCHBURG
25
                    2000

                     FIGURX ₯1-7
                                                                 30
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
7800 --
6600 --
5^00 - -
   b
       1800 --
I   i   U200

•      3000

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
        600 --
             FLOW MEQUIIttD TO MAIHTAIN
             5.0 w*/l D.O.
                                                               March 26, 1969
                       H	1	1	1	
                        10          15          20          25

                                       TW1RATURE °C

                              JAMBS RIVBR AT LIMCHBU16 - 2020

                                                           PIGUIH TI - 8
                                                                4-
                                                                30
-------
I
                                                                          VII -  1

                                  VII.  JAMES RIVER ESTUARY

            A.  Flow ReauireHieqts
•               Domestic end industrial waste loads in the James River Estuary
            for 1980, 2000, and 2020 were computed from date shown in Table /
|          VII - 1 and the Waste Discharge Inventory of the Richraond-Peters-
_          burg-Hopewell Metropolitan Area compiled by the Virginia State
            Wster Control Board.
•               DOMESTIC.  A population equivalent factor, expressed re pounds
            of ultiuinte biochemical oxygen aerend per capitc, wes applied to the
|          projection;' to determine the quantity of domestic wastes requiring
—          treatnerit and/or assimilation by the estuary during the selected
*          time intervals.  All discharge points were assumed to remain in
flj          their present locations with the exception of those in Chesterfield
            County.  Wastes from this area, including the City of Petersburg,
J          vere predicted to be piped to the James for discharge by the yecr
_          1980.
                 INDUSTRIAL.  Wrste loads frorr1 industries, using the Jemes et F
 •          ri'Ceivinc stream, were derived by escalating present eutput of ultimate
            BOD at the fame rote es production.  No f-.llowr.nces were mane lor
 •          f'i; Cancer in technology or chenge in processes to reduce the rrtio
            of waste to finished product.  Induetrie1 wastes in this section of
 •          the -estuary are primarily from chemical plants with approximately
 •          five percent from paper related operations.

 I

 I
-------
I
I
''II - /"
_                Ii  :h'  .  ii ."v  .  i.hc Hopovoj]  ':.,  ustriO.  coi..plcv will ccir( '. ".•


™            •.;•,-•-'   '/'  prv, •:]', ,.;,'. ~Cnc- '  i • ' o'   ),?inf-- ."ifchrivrr • 10  Mi--  C'.'iuf?


8           Via- I.;! ••LOO '  1 ] 1 er.'ie ^ ron ir m: tri.or rp-' population center;  'ocrl


             up.' (rr>.- r;..  .Doi'.est ic  v; sle-t rill  compri.rf5 rppro-cimr t)i   Uv- lotrl load.


                  T;;ble VII - ] shov/s the projected v;ac-te production for  the .opip


•           pf-riou.   Tl'iry r.rc pyprc-fcseci r.,'   pounds c. ultimrtc- BOD t' r<"j loci


•           -heir o-'fecL  in thri  estuary r-£   .'  result of fid
e neede


•           T'ir,y'  vore ''-l.l.rineJ by ^pplyir^j  J.hr projected locidf  to the estufrine


•           i th  model ;:nd operating it ;. t  the treeiment levels indies Led.


             Figures  VII -I, 2}  nnd  3 Tiry b^  deployed to determine  required


I           i TOY,5. j or tcirper;.1 turec  other then tae mern maximum  monthly volues


             C'Uf:en for the preapration of the  table.  For flov/t less than  those


•           crlled ; or ir the table, Figures  VII - 4 .-nd VII  -  'j csji be  consulted


•           ior tlie  degree of treatment necessary to satisfy  the established


             ; tnnd;"• rd.' .  The prrcticnl and ecorori-.icnl feasibility of providing


•           ,.] c require-".1  'lows war; not considered in this fnflysis.


                  I/ynchbun;" flov/  requirement;  corresponding  to 85 and 90 percent


|           tre.-i-orient t re shown  in Table VII -  7.  With #5  percent  treatment at


M           Lvnch.lrunj rnd  90 percent treatment in the estuary,  the  stream  stan-


             .(F riif> ern re] iobly be maintained  in 19^0.  Maximum  flows for the


•           c-riticni months of June, July,   tnd  /upust during  this period vail
 I
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
                                                                             VII  - 3
rH
cq
CO
0 Q

O ^
CM
H
Q
g
t~l t — i
b-i o \
O O ifc

n
0 Q"
L— i O
c>
o
fri rH
JH v-^
< 0 &
[H? CO "\~
£— * G^ ^ft;
C'.. rH
W Q3
cj O
cj
tH
a
•-1^ ?H
^ _s
P
'"'-] r^
tH -H
c.-. f-i
-P
-i G
0
0








u
c
•H
•P
Oj
O
o
)_]


8
o
CM
to
rH



c!)
c\j
LTs
H






o
o
C*"\
Q\
CM
1-1




T)
C
o
s
rCJ
y
•H
cd

*-t-H
0

r*^
-P"
•H
O





T3
rt
0
E
_F;
O
•H
PH
O O O O
o r- ^t o
^- rH C^\ sD
rH rH rH C^-
^-^ rH


Q O Q O
£>• O O ITN
CM C^ ^ CM
H O rH
rH rH






O O Q O
CM rH O CD
y\ i^ ^i* c^
to sf tf\ O
\D m



-p"
C
r3
O rH
f-t O &
?H OJ O
Q> ft ID -H
ft 0 rH G
Co PH fl) 
^
o
o
C*\
Cr^
i,C\



O
rH
- r-l
ON rH CM CM
C> O^ CM CM
i — i xf"


_o

rH
rH G rH
CJ i,. • i
rH C £H -P
H O CD -H
-------
1
1 1
I 6
25
1
O

1
£x}
H-l CO
_ . J
• ^
• M
o o

i 5 "

O t .']
• , 5
•• 1 £5
• M ^
• n fr>
J M EH i-s
[ 1
IS " M
* ;-l CZ^ *~M
fH EH f -i

IS
Ci] ci
g &
H
tlD
1 I; I
1
^^1 CQ
H P

• i


i ^
§ g
< w
Iw .-q
CM
c^
|«sc
M
O *" •* *•
O ' •* ' ^
O rH rH
rH
0 O ^^
O f\ rH
(M

Q 0 -—
O UN rH
ON ^ v_^
C'A rH


0 0 <—
O If A i-l
• J O ^
-^ CM

00-—-
O '-iA rH
O O *-'
-^t CM
g o -^
OJ rv- *^— x
-i rH

CM

CM


Q rH rH

rH rH rH

rH rH rH
- — 	 ^^


UA O ^"\
C> O^
CM
CM
^
O
'f\
u\

O
T\
U'N
C*~


o
NT
vO

O
"^2"

8
H
to

8
CM
NO

O
rH


8

o
UA
CM
CM

O
to
H


-XI
0
to
rH
1

CO '-'
O rH
o -- -
rH
o --*
O rH
UD -— '
rH
8 R
(- • \

0 g
O CM
UA rH


Q O
O o
\U {^
'•^A rH

§o
o
^v_

80
o
^ M

80
o

8 3


8 -
CM 	
rH

8 ~
XT rH

rH rH
	 v_^


J^ G^
CM
|
^
8
iH
Q\

o
8
rH
rH

g
UA
rH
rH
8

H
rH
g
CM
rH
H

8

CM


8

8

H
UA


s
O
8
CM


CD O
o o
C^ CM
>!• rH
0 0
O KA
CM <^
NO CNl

8 8
to >r\
J> t*A


0 0
\i_) (~°\
'C "vf"

o o
\3 C^N

S 8
r-i CO

8 8
ITN UA
NO C\'

8 8
ir\ rH


p p
'-i"\ U \
£>- to

o --^
UA rH

O "-N
lf\ rH
(^A 	
<\


O TN
O
CV
O
CM
CM
rH
I — i

CM
'O
o
O
CO C!
-M f,

§;
s
rH
O f^
'^\ rH
•H
C'o
T*
S
O d
C^ -H
•H
c
CM -P
tj
0
rH
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
                                                                  VII -  5



!>e 2730 "nd 2050 cfs  respectively.   By the year 2000,  remove 1


efficiencies rney need  to be increof-e-J  above 90 percent in the


e::tuary,  during t:everol  months of  the  year to mnintnin the DO i.rln-


iuur::.   V/ithout thir procedure, flov.'E of 4260 and 5600  cir rru^t be


provided.  Il  flows of 8416 and 8650 cfs cannot be lurnished ;,t


Lynchburp nnd Hopcv;ell for the period  beginning in the year 2020,


i.rofitment in excesc of 90 percent for  discharger to the estuary


luring  the critical months must be conciderea.


ii.  L-!::•uheiiiGj,ica^r and Physical Models


      It it; dilficult to  predict Lhe reaction, O:' nny estuary, tc the


• ;i'iition  of o'ygen demanding corntituents in municipal rnd inuut-


 ,il-l V, ;,c difch; rgpf.   Accurately describing the physical, chcr. ic:l,


-'>>d biolofjicrl proccsrec1 in its dynmic environiiienl ic -c  forrniar.ble


 ' ,'r..   V'hen rrtionrl simplifying r rr:urnptionr ere t-.ppliecl,  it ic often


poi-:f;ible  to fpproximete  the aiccolvca  o^rjen concenlrntion c'iv: bio-


cJiciaic'']  o:cygen demcnd rer.u;inin,p in <':n,r section b;v eiiiployiivy i.iatJi-


c'.fticr]  :.'ioJelling techniquoi..  Lc tho tiJe rn/ the pro"-:ijr.ity o:' the


' •"-•an v; rie:  \:ith crch csti\sr~r, it is  noceLT?ry to e; Liiurto th'^ir


<,'  cc I  \ ith •"ij'l'ucion  coefficientf. .or the ucxh model  and  Lhen coirprre


:,nc ]T':ii'l Lr- ".ith r^npling date . :-r i • the j.'iol i nn:I/or ;   phyt'icfj  i.iou^l.


VM;. pvccc'fi-1.  knov:n rt verifier iiion. if ron.e tiinet lenchtv ?m.]
-------
I
I
I
-------
•
mm


I
I
I
I
I
I

I
                  L[t,_ JJ^.^LIc;^ .   TIVC im'rtheiMi Lie:..]  .'t.vel:  \,' re  rvploye"  ii:  thr-
•          J; • ,(•-::  R'ivor • •£; UK ry inyertifTC i.ion .   The  jir;-t v;- ? Ihe DECC III
•          ;  i.' -i   r .•••-lopc'-i , ui, ..r" cor. Irrcr; . b    lio  Genor' 1 E] or Lrie  Cc-'por1' ll< u.
            lY'u;  .'.I,  [he ii;:ie-'.:opcndent ch'r-'clori: lie.  CM  the i.I.ie  • ro :, Irani; to i
•          i ;  Hi" Input '-'I/ .   Ii,r, prii.Ti1  iir\c.i':n  ar TO ucl/'i-iiiinc:  'Li'..   J'-
            j  i1 i /)  c:;:'"'.'''ici(vn'''."  Lhrou^jh ,u1   t'r   cturry.   ' nuirb^r c;i  tri' 1  ;.n 1 lone; ' nc'  the  phycic;.-! ;iye '.iata i'roin
            i.i;'.: !"(.-.lc"l : ', VieV;- i''UT-j, Mir rirrippt .
                  TIi-   :ori"C'; coefficients -.veri  then rpplieu in the Stet 'iy-w\r- tc

            .'!"';;.icnto.  ncUcl developcj by the I.LM lie /tlantic  Re::ion'£:  t^oi'i'.

            TiLr,  r.c.vicl  i;  siiro.l'-r in theor;,' to  the DECG III \,i'Lh the e:'cepHi"^;

                1 h<  tii.0  iricrcr.on L ohoc^n.  The  ^tcr.h-otrte i;"u;clel orcume;; ;   tii'.c

            p-rj.od oi  r.ui'j. icieiiL  length  i'oi' f ] ].  eleir-entfi  in the c.rtur-ry to h^vo

            v-;  r-hc1. rrlrtivc equilibrium.  Using  arts  iTom the economic projections,

            .. :  i." lor  iingr  for 19CO, 2000,  iiru  2020 v.ere  corrpuxe,) ; iu>  vu ca in  the

            i  i  '•''  .'.IOIMJ  '.i'ch uhe  geometric  c:i'  h,/.!rfulic  a: t:  Lo predie .  v,he /low

            '"-".iuiivweritf-.  recdea vo maintc.in •  1  iniwui."  uonthly ^verege  ni:. r- olveu
«

            :>  -^en concentrrtion  of '"• mg/1 ;  L •-i.fcrent  levels  of treatment.

•          Proviouf r'Luiier. oj the Jsraes  by the  PTPC/ Che:;c-,pe;ike Field  otftior' P

            / an.- pulir , I>ir lylcn'J ,  inflected i  monthly rverage vrlue of  5  rag/l or
            •••ir :;.~,lv".  o^:ygen  v;>°r cornparRble  to c ninimuni drily of  4.0 mg/1  on

            1 hich the  \vr. ber quality  Gtrmd.' rd:: ''re baeecl.
-------
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
I
I
I
I
                                                                 VII - 7



     Physical.   D; Ir  ,'rom the phyrical model at Vicksburg, Ltu ; I; sippi


v :. xis';-r'  almosL  exclusively in ".,hjc investigation cr  there res very


1 ^ull-'  rol i-tbip  (U'tn  from Field studies.  Prior work  in  J-K-  Jrricr


•>:,tu; ry '  ar  u. urlly confined lo a limited .-rot. ci interest an i  con-


d-'ictc-u  during different periods, cj  I'.hc year.  As much prototype data


i.. : igfdficcncp  that  could be obtained \vas applied or reviewed  for


possible  application.  Primarily this v;as ci :  nature that could not


bi- .lupl letted o'- ."imulated in Lhe i.iodel i.e., oxygen  uptaf.e  rates ,


!'cnthal 'ierarnd.  and photosynthesis.


     The  physical model of the Jrraes River estuary, from the i all


zone Lo the  /tlantic  Ocean,  was construe Led and is operated  by  the


U.r. Army Corps  oi  Engineers'  Waterways Experiment Station in  Vicks-


burg,  Mississippi.  Two tests model studies were conducted for  the


I'VPCA in  addition to  those for ether state and lederal agencies.


     Thefirst, using  dye as  P tracer,  attempted to measure the


diifusion rates.  Loadings and discharge points were  simulated  ior


>: ,-j fix in/;  conditions.   Dye concentrations were determined at  selected


•  ,rtioiu,  ior time intervals  equivalent to 2.5 days in the prototype.


The model was; operated 120 tidal cycles for each floiv condition.


Flows  simulated were  1000,  3200,  and 11500 cfs as v/ell as the


hydrogreph as measured at Richmond  for July rnd August, 19t6.   The


,,.: ta gathered was presented  in tabular and graphical  form to be used


to verify the math model.
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
                                                                                 VII - 8



                   Rr"'dio: ctive  trrcer?'  were employee in the  ceconJ  tert to or-Lahjirh
              l]i(  rcr rrrtior. rrte  icr eoch  rer^ch o: the eE'tuary.   The Eictiviiiee


B            v.  r coiirpryftive trncer. Tritium, rnu  f,  non-conpcrvnt.iv'? irrcer,


              K'^.'puO]! ,  r- ,  v/ci-C' iaonitorrJ for '  nnnvv.r c-i' "uiufl  cycle.1-:'.  The rppi'c>p-


•            t'J'. Lc _'.••;.•>'•  oi  nuclorr phyricr  v.'cro thm "ppliea  to  r;etcmiiiC  the


              '•; l.o u1' rv i r Lrrncfer L'roir. the r.iodel  ,,o the c'tr.;o:;phore .  Thir has


B            )oon Joun )  to  be proportional  to the  transfer of  o'rrgen f rear1  the-


•            ;• u:.o::phore  ohroufjh the air-v/ater interirce.  The  reeeratlon rcte:


              - ^>y.: uri.1" experiment rppe; red  to •><:. lov;er then thoce previously cor—
                  -u vi i :;  hy< rr-ulic  r.nd f^eonetric pt'rr-ncterf: of  the  esturiy.


                   T'v.:  ?// t-3i rric phvricfl LIC'C":  r"vre Drecluled  the  neeo i or  ••!}


                  j.i'iv • rri. • pi'iff 5 bly inconclu:.j ve tiinc-constuning  Tiold tiirvc-y.
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
                                                       .ovnl
          I     I
10   12  14
 I    I     I
ir.   20  22
            I
           24

TEMPERATURE °C
i    r
26  28
 I    I    I
30   32   34
            JAMES RIVER AT HOPEWELL - 2020
                                                                              Figure VII -  3
-------
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
o
o
rS
r~i
                                       FLOW VJH TREATMENT TO MAINTAIN


                                   .0  mg/1  D.O.  JAMES RIVER AT HOPEWELL


                                                 YEAR 2000
             opt..
                                           90
                                      PRESENT TREATMENT
 I
95
                                                                    Fipuro VII -
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
    o
I  I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
o
a
o
      10  _
                                          FLOW Vo TREATMENT TO MAINTAIN


                                       5.0 mg/1 D.O. JAMES RIVER AT HOPEWELL

                                                    YEAR 2020
                   ^  \      \  \\     \\\
                                                                  ul;" ,  August
                                                                 June
                                                                 Mry
                                                                 October


                                                                 Aprl 1
                                                                 November

                                                                 Mr- rob
                                                                 December1
 I    I    [     I    I     I
#5                   90
                                   PERCENT TREATMENT
                                                          T   *
                                                           Figure VII - 5
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
  FLOW REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN


         ~ .•>  f/ " ^.0 .
BOD H
                                    n  BOP
                                    i     r
          Til;  T  HOPS^ELL - 19^
                                        Fij-:urc VII -
-------
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
FLCM ^QUIRK^  TC  iW* INT/IN


      :.0 we/1 D.O.
                              r-fo BOD Removal
I     I
 I

If
     I

    20
    T^ffERATDRE °C
RIVER AT HQPEV/ELL - 2000
I     111
                             •{>   -x
                                   Fi/{ure VII -
-------
I
I
I
I
                   .                                                       -Till - I

                         VIII.   BIBLIOGRAPHY

•        1.   "The Cose For Water Meters,  "The American City Magazine,  December
•             196/V, P. 97.
          2.   Select Committee on Nation?,! Water Resources,  United States Senate,
•             "Water Resources Activities in  the United States," Committee
               Print No. 7, I960.
I        3.   U.S. Department of  the  Interior,  FWPCA,  "The  Cost of Clem W-ter,"
•             Vol. Ill, Industrial Waste Profile No.  3  - Paper Mille,  U.S.
               Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,  196fi.
•        4.   \Vorley, J.L., "A System Analysis  Methoc for Water Quelity M?nage-
               iiient by Flow Augmentation in a  Conrplex  Paver  Basin," Masters
•             Thesis, Oregon State University,  1963.
•        t>.   Parker, Clinton E.  and  Knapp^ John W.,  "Report of Stream Pollution
               .Surveys in the Jackson  and Jrs:es  Rivers," VMI  Research Laboratories
•             Inc., November

I

I

I
-------