OCR error (C:\Conversion\JobRoot\00000AOC\tiff\2000W99H.tif): Unspecified error
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION . . 1
2.0 REVIEW OF EPA CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM PLAN .... 2
2.1 The Need to Develop a Valid Cause-Effect
Relationship 3
2.2 Socioeconomic Impact of Changes in Water
Quality 4
2.3 Need for Management Information Systems .... 6
3.0 TRC CAPABILITIES AND EXPERIENCE 12
3.1 TRC Experience and Capabilities for Nutrients
and Algae 12
3.1.1 Experience in Nutrients 12
3.1.2 Capabilities in Nutrients 14
3.2 TRC Experience and Capabilities in Toxic
Substances 15
3.2.1 TRC Capabilities in Toxic Substances 16
3.2.2 TRC Experience in Toxic Substances 18
3.3 Capabilities and Experience in Non-point
Sources 20
3.4 TRC Capabilities in Socioeconomics 23
3.5 TRC Capabilities and Experience in Management
Information Systems 26
3.5.1 TRC Project Summaries 28
4.0 TRC FACILITIES AND STAFF 30
4.1 Organization 30
4.2 Professional Effectiveness 31
4.3 Facilities and Equipment 32
4.4 TRC Staff . 33
i.
-------
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
2-1 Chesapeake Bay Management Information System
Phase I 7
2-2 Chesapeake Bay Management Information System
Phase II 9
2-3 Chesapeake Bay Management Information System
Phase III 11
3-1 Non-Point Sampling Sites 24
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE
4-1 Proposed Staff Members 35
-------
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This document has been prepared by TRC to assist the EPA Chesapeake
Bay Program Director and staff. The document is organized in three main
parts:
A. Section 2.0 is a review of the EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Plan
dated March 12, 1976. In this review, we have commented on
various elements of the plan, and suggested additional items
based on our involvement with both Chesapeake Bay environmental
programs for the chemical, steel and petroleum industries, and
similar multi-jurisdictional activities such as Long Island
Sound and the Great Lakes.
B. Section 3.0 presents TRC's capabilities and experience for
assisting the EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Staff in carrying out
the plan.
C. Section 4.0 presents an overview of TRC's facilities. It also
contains selected biographies of our staff members who have
experience relevant to the problems in the Chesapeake Bay area.
Preparation of this document has been pursuant to a meeting between
EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Staff and TRC, on October 18, 1976. We at
TRC are pleased to have this opportunity to respond to this Program Plan
and to review Mitre's technical report, A Chesapeake Bay Review: Research
and Responsibilities. We hope that our experience and capabilities can
be of use to Region III in the development of a comprehensive management
plan for the Chesapeake Bay area.
-------
2.0 REVIEW OF EPA CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM PLAN
As described in the "Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake
Bay Water Quality Program Plan" of March 8, 1976, the Chesapeake Bay
is an important natural and economic resource which is sensitive to
environmental stress. Consequently, the EPA has been directed by Congress
to develop a management system with both the institutional and technical
capacity to maintain and improve the water quality in Chesapeake Bay.
Of primary importance in successfully developing and implementing any
such management system is the need to:
1. Assess the existing institutional and technical information
base.
2. With the information gathered from the technical and institu-
tional inputs, develop alternatives for existing and future
water and land use in the Chesapeake Region.
3. Develop a cause-effect relationship to evaluate the impact
on water quality resulting from the alternatives selected in
item 2.
A. Develop a mechanism such as a long-term field monitoring
program to provide data to calibrate and verify the cause-
effect relationship generated in item 3 and to measure the
progress being made by implementing the management program.
5. Develop a feedback system to continuously upgrade items 2,
3, and 4 to reflect changing institutional demands and
technical data.
In reviewing the EPA program plan in light of the above criteria, TRC
feels that certain areas should be addressed in greater detail in the EPA's
program plan. These areas include:
1. The need to develop a valid cause-effect relationship as related
to critical problems in Chesapeake Bay, i.e., nutrients, toxic
substances, nonpoint source pollution, and physical alternations.
-2-
-------
2. The need to include socioeconomic considerations in selecting
alternatives for future land and water use.
3. The need to develop an integrated management information
system to act as a focal point for information generated in
the program and to assist in managing the program. *
These areas are described in detail in Sections 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3 of
this document.
2.1 The Need to Develop a Valid Cause-Effect Relationship
A cause-effect relationship is a means by which one can assess the
impact on the results of a particular course of action and thus evaluate
alternative courses of action in a meaningful way. Such a cause-effect
relationship can take on many forms including professional judgment,
modeling (mathematical and physical), field measurements (short or long
term monitoring programs), or any combination of the above. As one moves
from professional judgment to field measurement, one can be assured of
an increasing degree of confidence but one must be willing to absorb
increased costs. In any case, the cause-effect relationship must be
capable of addressing the critical problem areas in Chesapeake Bay, such
as nutrients, toxic substances, non-point source pollution, and physical
alterations in terms of the interaction of the physical, chemical, bio-
logical and geological parameters. In addition, the cause-effect relationship
must be capable of responding to short term incidents of environmental
stress (kepone release, oil spills, etc.) as well as being capable of
simulating the impacts of long-term planned activities.
One mechanism for satisfying the above criteria for a valid cause-
effect function is a mathematical model which has been calibrated and
-3-
-------
verified with field data. Mathematical models, when properly applied,
can address complex environments in a cost effective manner. They can
simulate the physical, chemical, biological, and geographical aspects of
Chesapeake Bay in an individual and an interactive sense. In addition,
such models can be used for rapid responses and for assessing long term
growth characteristics with a minimum of set up and execution time.
Either by using models or by using other analytical techniques, the
EPA must develop powerful predictive tools for simulating the effect on
the Chesapeake Bay of changes in the levels of nutrients and of the intro-
duction of toxic substances and non-point sources at various points along
the bay. Only with such tools can the EPA make intelligent decisions
concerning short term incidents of environmental stress and long term
planned development.
2.2 Socioeconomic Impact of Changes in Water Quality
The Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Program Plan does not place adequate
emphasis on the tradeoffs between the need for economic development and
the need for improved water quality in the bay. Certain types of uncontrolled
economic growth in the past has led to the present pollution problems in the
bay. Each local 208 program plans recognizes the importance of socio- '
economic research and planning. It is up to the EPA to coordinate the
findings of the various 208 plans and to develop a master plan which will
allow planned economic growth without sacrificing water quality.
The study does not lay the groundwork for planning for growth. It
is not enough to identify sources of pollution in a program plan; areas of
permissible growth at present and in the future must also be studied.
-4-
-------
Since pollutant loading is directly related to population size, density,
e
and land use, it is important to include each of these elements in the
bay study.
,
State and local authorities characteristically are concerned with
external controls which may threaten area jobs. The bay study must ad-
dress this concern. There will indeed be trade-offs between industrial
needs and environmental concerns. Some industries may choose to leave a
site if the wrong type of controls are required. The question must be
raised as to whether the improvement in water quality outweighs the loss
in jobs and community disruption a plant closing would cause. The EPA's
management plan must be designed so that industries are not placed in a
position where they cannot expand due to unreasonable discharge limits.
The bay is a major recreational resource. Many land use plans show
large areas of the bay being developed into recreational sites. The impact
of increased recreational us.e of water quality must be examined. All
improvements to the bay's water quality will attract additional recreational
and industrial growth. Unfortunately, the resultant growth can cause
additional pollution problems.
The type of socioeconomic analysis present in a well-developed 208
plan must be made for the entire bay area. Only the EPA can coordinate the
findings of the various 208 agencies surrounding the bay. Once this has
been done, the EPA must develop a blueprint for controlled growth through-
out the bay.
5
-------
2.3 Need for Management Information Systems
The Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Task Force faces a severe information
processing problem that has multidimensional aspects. Large volumes of
data about the bay have already been collected and more is needed for the
effective management of a program plan. The Task Force must answer
these questions:
o What information is available?
o Who has it?
o How current and accurate is it?
o What information is missing?
With the very large number of agencies involved and the varied type
of data that has been collected, the simple evaluation of the data problem
is difficult. An organized methodology is needed to index and reduce all
available data.
The volume of information is so large that automated data processing
techniques are essential. Figure 2-1 shows a management information system
which is capable of displaying data reflecting current water quality status
from a number of viewpoints. It represents a first step providing a summary
of existing baseline information.
The major benefit of such a system is the ability to detect trends
and to detect problems before they escalate into crises. By using this
system effectively, the EPA will have readily identifiable proof of the
effectiveness of its program plans.
Once the basic water quality data is available from the Chesapeake
Bay Management Information System, it will be possible to track planned
changes that will have an effect on the bay. These will include:
-6-
-------
Water
Quality
Readings
Technical
Reports
Storet
NPDES
Point
Source
Inventory
Non-point
Inventory
Chesapeake Bay
Management
Information
System
Technical
Detail
Listings
Graphics
Package
Summary
Trend
Reports
Maps of
Pollutant
Sources
/'Displays \
/of Pollutant \
^Concentrations)
Figure 2-1:
Chesapeake Bay Management
Information System
Phase I
-7-
-------
o Agreed-on Enforcement Actions and Schedules
o Planned Regulations
o Other Compliance Actions
-,
With this information, the Bay Task Force can have a picture of the
effect of various regulatory actions on water quality for each area of
interest. The Task Force will also have the capability to evaluate the
status and effectiveness of each enforcement program.
Figure 2-2 indicates some of the data that can be handled in a more
sophisticated system. The degree of automation utilized is best worked
out in a careful feasibility study. TRC experience with similar projects
suggests the following system goals:
o Compatibility with Other Governmental Systems
o Concise Output Capabilities
o Benefits to All Participants
If the system is viewed as a cooperative venture between Region III
and the other concerned agencies, success is likely. Reports should be
understandable and usable by all participants. This provides an incentive
for each agency to keep up a high level of participation.
The initial system design will answer the question, "Where are we?"
The more advanced system design will provide the background where we are
going and what is the trend. A final extention of the system will address
the "What if?" situations and problems. If we try this, what will be the
result and will we achieve our goals. To show accurate cause-effect
relationships, the system must draw on the existing data bases, and through
simulation techniques, apply different enforcement strategies. The results
-8-
-------
Planned
Enforcement
Regulatio
Permit
Compliance/
Milestone!
Data
208
Planning
Data
Data | , v
Base I' '
i \
Chesapeake Bay
Management
Information
System
Effluent
Loading
Trend
Analysis
Enforcement
Progress
Figure 2-2: Chesapeake Bay Management
Information System
Phase II
-------
will be expressed in terms of predicted water quality and related para-
meters. The capability to project future actions and estimate future
effects is necessarily imprecise, and careful validation of the modeling
techniques will be necessary.
Figure 2-3 shows this process graphically. The techniques will vary
for different parameters and will require substantial effort.
Because the payoff of such a system is so great, we believe the
Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Task Force should consider this broad-based
automated information system. The system will not replace any of the
existing national and local systems. Instead, it will draw on them by
utilizing data already collected and new data as well. Volumes and sources
of information are too great for purely manual efforts. We think a three
phased approach is called for to indicate:
o Where we are
o Where we are headed
o What the cause-effect relation of planned strategies
will be.
-10-
-------
Current
Effluent
Data
Chesapeake
Data
Base
Current
Water
Quality
Data
Projection
Analysis
Techniques
/ \
"v /
Chesapeake Bay
Modeling And
Simulation
Package
x \
N S
Validation
Routines
Predicted
Results
Enforcement
Strategies
Figure 2-3:
Chesapeake Bay Management
Information System
Phase III
-11-
-------
3.0 TRC CAPABILITIES AND EXPERIENCE
In the following sections, we present°some of TRC's capabilities
for assisting the EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Task Force in carrying out
their plan. TRC has been involved in several studies of industrial waste
discharges, for both point and non-point sources and subsequent environ-
mental impacts on water quality. These include the chemical, steel and
petroleum industries and fossil and nuclear power plants. We are
currently working on environmental impact evaluations in the Baltimore
region, in association with the Chesapeake Bay Institute and Dr. Roland
Taylor, Director of Research.
In addition, we have provided management information services to
state agencies in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and Delaware. TRC has
also conducted environmental impact assessments for the Army Corps of
Engineers in the Chesapeake Bay Area.
3.1 TRC Experience and Capabilities for Nutrients and Algae
3.1.1 Experience in Nutrients
TRC staff are experienced in sampling techniques for the measure-
ment of point and non-point source nutrient sources as well as sampling
for the chemical constituents of the water column and sediments. Staff
have collected phyto and zooplankton for qualitative and quantitative
analyses. In situ and laboratory estimates of primary productivity
(carbon uptake) have also been conducted.
TRC staff have studied the nutrient enrichment of the Chesapeake Bay
which has been accelerated by man's activities resulting in increasing
plankton populations, nuisance blooms, reduced water transparency, loss
-12-
-------
of rooted aquatics, and the general decline of the aesthetics of the bay.
TRC staff have worked with the members of the Chesapeake Bay Institute
to study the accelerated eutrophic conditions in the bay. Chlorophyll a_
concentrations (chlorophyll a_ can be related to phytoplankton biomass) in
the open bay during the summer has increased from < 5y/l to > 20yg/l in
the past 15-20 years.
Nutrient enrichment is usually evidenced by large increases in phyto-
plankton populations and periodic "blooms." Nutrient concentrations that
can cause accelerated eutrophication have been determined, but the measures
of phytoplankton populations are temporarily and spatially dependent and
reflect complex interactions with nutrients and upper level predation. For
example, the biological recycling of nutrients resulting from herbivorous
grazing, endogeneous respiration and excretion products has been reported
at a rate of up to five times the mass nutrient input. Therefore, a
significant reduction in the input of nutrients may not result in a con-
comitant reduction in phytoplankton biomass. It has been estimated that
reductions in nutrients in Lake Ontario would not result in reduced steady
state phytoplankton populations for 15 to 20 years.
TRC feels that development of nutrient control program to achieve
specified goals will involve integration of inputs from many different
disciplines. The present sources of nutrients, both point and non-point
sources must be identified, and loadings calculated in relation to climate
meteorological, hydraulic, and chemical conditions. Manufacturing plant
processes, production cycles, and agricultural patterns must be determined
and future projections made regarding development and land use. Baseline
data on nutrient concentrations in the water column and sediments must be
-13-
-------
collected in a systematic grid fashion. The nutrient loadings and concentra-
tions in the water column and bay must be analyzed in relation to physical
circulation, annual discharge patterns, flushing and detention times.
^
Basic biological relationships such as nutrient uptake, rate of carbon
fixation, growth rates, death rates, herbivorous grazing rates, endogenous
respiration rates for phyto and zooplankton, settling velocity of phyto-
plankton, and zooplankton conversion efficiency must be determined or
developed from the literature. Also, chemical processes relating to bio-
logical utilization of nutrients such as half-saturation constants for
nitrogen and phosphorous, decomposition of organic nitrogen and phosphorous,
and ammonia to nitrate nitrification must be developed. In summary, mass
balances around the following sub-systems must be developed:
1. transport and dispersion sub-system
2. chemical sub-system
3. biological sub-system
TRC can collect the physical, chemical, and biological inputs which can be
used to develop mathematical models to predict algal responses under dif-
ferent nutrient regimes.
3.1.2 Capabilities in Nutrients
Chemical
Capabilities and experience exist for the analysis of the nutrient
parameters routinely sampled including:
- total phosphorous from filtered and unfiltered samples
- phosphate phosphorous from filtered samples
- total nitrogen (kjeldahl) from filtered and unfiltered samples
-------
- inorganic nitrogen - nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia
- total silica from filtered and unfiltered samples
- molybdate reactive silica from filtered'samples
- chlorophyll and phaeopigments
- ATP-adenosine triphosphate
In addition, analysis for micronutrients such as Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Mo,
and toxic compounds and metals can be done.
Biological
TRC maintains a well-equipped and staffed biological laboratory.
Plankton identification and enumeration and enumeration utilizing the
Utermohl-inverted microscope technique and phase contrast microscopes
with the Palmer-Maloney and Sedgewick-Rafter cell techniques. Algae can
be incubated at TRC laboratories for Carbon primary productivity studies
and to determine nutrient uptake (^2P, ^P) and limiting factors. Algal
bioassays can also be conducted to determine the effects of various toxic
materials.
3.2 TRC Experience and Capabilities in Toxic Substances
TRC, as a consultant to EPA and industry, has been deeply involved
in the solving of environmental problems of trace toxic pollutants. In
many cases, the recognition of these problems has followed the development
of new analytical methods for detection of trace toxic materials.
Our capabilities to serve EPA Region III in studies of Chesapeake
Bay water quality include the ability to put together interdisciplinary
teams to assess water quality by:
o Discrete and time averaged sampling of water bodies.
o Analysis of water contaminants in the ppm to ppb range using
sensitive laboratory techniques.
-15-
-------
o Toxicity tests in-situ or in the laboratory using aquatic
organisms.
o Prediction, by tracer tests and/or modeling, of the travel of
toxic pollutants in aquatic and marine environments.
3.2.1 TRC Capabilities in Toxic Substances
We maintain extensive chemical and instrumental laboratory facilities
which would be of great value to EPA Region III in any toxic water pollu-
tion sampling/analysis programs. Our capabilities include:
o Water Sampling
- Discrete samples using automatic sequential samples
- Composite samples using sequential samplers
- Trace organics samples using a flow system through an
adsorbent bed (XAD-2, charcoal or TENAX GC)
- Online analysis (e.g., pH, F~) using a flow system monitored
by sensing electrodes
- Stream flow using current meters
- Dye tracer studies using a flow-through fluorometer, tide
gauges, subsurface samplers and fully equipped boats.
o Metals Sampling/Analysis
In-field determinations using a mini-spectrophotometer
- Low concentrations by direct atomic absorption
- Trace concentrations by graphite furnace mode operation of the
atomic absorption or pre-concentration of metals by chelation/
extraction (e.g., Al, Cr, Pb)
- Trace concentrations of certain metals (e.g., Ti, B, V, Sb) by
colorimetry using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer and suitable
complexing agents. Multiple samples using a Technicon Auto-
analyzer.
-16-
-------
o Cation/Anion Sampling/Analysis
Ion selective electrodes for F~~, NC>3~, S=, NHtj , I~ and Cl~
Colorimetry using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer and suitable
chelating agents for CN~ and F~ N
Titrimetry for sulfide, sulfite, Br~, alkalinity and acidity
- Multiple samples using a Technicon Autoanalyzer.
o Organics Sampling/Analysis
- Total organic carbon by combustion/IR type TOG analyzer
- Specific organics (e.g., phenol, HCHO) by colorimetric methods
using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer and suitable complexing
agents
Low polarity organics by solvent extraction followed by gas
chromatographic analysis
- Oils and greases by Soxhlet extraction and subsequent Freon
evaporation
- Trace organics by adsorbent tube (XAD-2, Charcoal or TENAX GC)
sample solvent extraction followed by HPLC or GC/MS analysis*
- Crude and fuel oils by distillation removal of water/light ends
followed by GC or GC/MS analysis*
- Crude and fuel oil by distillation removal of water/light ends
followed by IR analysis.
o Other Sampling/Analysis
- Nitrogen compounds by Kjeldahl digestion
- Phosphates by ammonium molybate treatment followed by colori-
metric analysis
o Biological Sampling/Analysis
- Fish sampling by bottom, depth and surface trawling, gill netting,
haul seining, trap netting, pound netting and electrofishing
-17-
-------
Benthic invertebrate sampling using dredges, corers, pumps,
artificial substrates and traps, including scuba diving
Plankton sampling by whole water samplers, specially constructed
nets and Clarke-Bumpus samplers
Ichthyoplankton sampling by epi-benthic sleds, Hensen type \^z
and 1 meter plankton nets, Tucker trawls and channel nets
Trace contaminant analysis of living organisms by acid digestion
and use of appropriate water analysis methods
Bioassays of potential toxicant for acute and/or chronic effects
by static or flow through tests in the field or TRC biological
laboratory using fish, fish eggs and larvae, aquatic invertebrates
or plankton.
o Water Modeling
Prediction of conservative pollutant effects from a point discharge
into a water body using steady state diffusion models
- Prediction of reactive pollutant effects from a point discharge
into a" water body using kinetic rate containing diffusion models
3.2.2 TRC Experience in Toxic Substances
EPA Region III will need a contractor who can closely interface with
EPA's technical staff and who also has the in-house expertise to carry out
the program as defined. The contractor must be able to document his
findings as well, including error limits of tests. The ability to closely
supervise non-routine laboratory and field test programs would be very
critical in the contractor selected. TRC has shown its abilities to do
this, and some examples of how EPA Region III could benefit from our ex-
perience are:
o Nuclear Powerplant Baseline Marine Study
- TRC was engaged by a major engineering design firm to develop a
baseline marine study for a projected nuclear powerplant. To
-18-
-------
establish these baseline conditions over a one-year period of
testing, a large number of chemical parameters were tested.
Seawater sampling was performed on a monthly basis at both high
and low tides.
Results were required to be reported within three weeks of the
sampling data. This program also required adherence to a rigid
quality control program prescribed by the NRG. The TRC quality
assurance manager was responsible for management of this program
to ensure that the results dispersion was acceptable. TRC
quality control was responsible to a totally different management
group within TRC to ensure impartiality.
Environmental Assessment of Impact of a Proposed Ocean Sewage
Outfall at Wells, Maine
- This project included both biological and water quality sampling
to establish existing conditions prior to the construction and
operation of an ocean outfall. Sampling was conducted on a seasonal
basis over a period of one year. Floral and faunal biological
sampling was conducted in the rocky beach area; the upper, mid,
and lower littoral zones; and at several offshore locations. Off-
shore studies were made of the planktonic, nektonic, and benthic
populations. Primary productivity studies were also conducted.
The biological and water quality data, resulting assessments, and
predicted impacts were submitted to the regulatory agencies by
our client in partial fulfillment of the needs to achieve a
construction permit.
Environmental Assessment of Oil Spills in New Haven, Connecticut;
Gasco Bay, Maine; and Bahia Sucia, Puerto Rico
- These projects were completed for the EPA. Investigations were
conducted to identify key species in the biological community and
alterations in these populations following oil spills. Immediately
after the occurrence of a spill, a biological sampling program was
initiated to identify key species within and outside of the spill
area. Thereafter, these populations were monitored in a specified
grid system up to one year after the spill occurred to assess any
change in the biological community.
-19-
-------
3.3 Capabilities and Experience in Non-Point Sources
Since the enactment of P.L.'92-500 (Federal Water Pollution Control
Act Amendments of 1972), the major thrust of water pollution control
programs has been directed towards point sources. However, while many
industries and municipalities will meet the interim 1977 treatment goals,
the water quality in many areas of the United States has not signifi-
cantly improved. In such areas non-point source water pollution has a
major influence on water quality. Because the Chesapeake Bay area is
boarded by such a wide variety of land use, the potential for non-point
source water pollution is high. These sources include municipal runoff
(residential, commercial, sanitary landfills, septic tanks), industrial
runoff, agricultural and silvicultural runoff, acid mine drainage and
activities such as construction and dredging.
To determine the mass flux of pollutants entering the Chesapeake Bay
from non-point sources will most likely include a monitoring program,
since there exists only limited non-point source data. In addition,
because non-point sources are site specific, it is nearly impossible to
take data from one drainage basin and use it to predict the mass flux
in another drainage basin. However, the Chesapeake Bay area has many
drainage basins and the potential need of a monitoring program for each
drainage basin is impractical from cost and time standpoints. There-
fore, the use of mathematical models for prediction of non-point source
pollution may be cost effective. However, modeling can not completely
replace a monitoring program. The models must be calibrated and verified
with site specific field data.
The driving force behind the assessment and control of non-point sources
-20-
-------
has been the need to develop area waste treatment management plans
detailed in Section 208 of P.L. 92-500. TRC has kept abreast of the
developing 208 plans and through our non-point monitoring and modeling
experience have become actively involved with 208 agencies. TRC has
performed several non-point source programs for EPA and industry.
Presently, TRC is performing two tasks concerning non-point sources for
the Industrial Environmental Research Laboratories of EPA in Research
Triangle Park under Contract 68-02-2133. The first task entitled,
"Evaluation of Non-Point Sources," is being performed for the Process
Measurements Branch. This task which started in December, 1975, includes
the following seven phases.
Phase 1 - TRC prepared a summary of sections of P.L. 92-500 and its
associated Federal regulations which pertain to non-point source water
pollution.
Phase II - TRC developed a matrix relating industrial sources of
non-point pollution to categories of pollutants. Below is the list of
12 industries and eight categories of pollutants for which matrixes were
developed.
Industries Pollutants
Energy Generation Organics
Iron & Steel Solids
Pulp & Paper Metals
Mining Nutrients
Construction Heat
Inorganic Chemicals Sulfates
Petroleum Refining Acids
Timber Products Pesticides
Fertilizer Manufacturing
Phosphate Manufacturing
Cement
Nonferrous Metals
-21-
-------
Phase III - TRC prepared an evaluation of sampling and analysis
techniques for measuring non-point sources. Included in the evaluation
was:
o The general background information needed to develop a non-
point source sampling program.
o A discussion of parameters to be sampled and approved analytical
techniques.
o An evaluation of present day sampling techniques
o Proposed overall identification and detailed quantification
sampling programs.
o Gross cost comparisons of various sampling methods.
Phase IV - TRC prepared an evaluation of existing mathematical models
for predicting non-point source pollution. The models were evaluated on
their suitability, adaptability, complexity, cost, and availability for
predicting the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff from various
industrial land uses and the impact of such runoff on the quantity and
quality of receiving waters. The models evaluated were:
EPA Stormwater Management Model - Release II (SWMM)
Water Resources Engineers Stormwater Management Model (WRE)
Short Stormwater Management Model - Receiv II (Short SWMM)
Hydrocomp Simulation Program (HSP)
Dorsch Consult Hydrograph Volume Method
Corps of Engineers Storage, Treatment, Overflow and Runoff Model (STORM)
Battelle Wastewater Management Model
Metcalf & Eddy Simplified Stormwater Management Model
EPA - Hydrocomp Agricultural Runoff Management Model
Pyritic Systems: A Mathematical Model
Phase V - TRC performed a field program to quantify and qualify runoff
from an industrial site. Two coal burning utilities were sampled during
dry and wet weather conditions. The primary non-point sources at a coal
-22-
-------
burning utility are stormwater runoff from coal storage piles (an infinite
source) and stormwater runoff from impervious areas (parking lots, roofs)
covered with dust fallout from coal handling and ash handling operations
(a finite source). Figure 3-1 is a schematic of the two sampling sites.
Phase VI - TRC adapted the Short SWMM - RECEIV II model to predict
the quantity and quality of runoff from the two utility sites and the
impact of the runoff on the quantity and quality of the rivers. The
models were adapted to each site and calibrated and verified with the
field data detained in Phase V.
Phase VII - TRC is currently developing a technical manual for de-
signing and carrying out a measurement survey for quantifying and qualify-
ing stormwater runoff of non-point sources from industrial activities.
The manual will also include a description of the use of a mathematical
model in conjunction with a measurement survey.
Our experience in sampling and modeling non-point sources is very
much applicable to the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Program.
3.4 TRC Capabilities in Socioeconomics
TRC has conducted socioeconomic studies in the areas of economic
analyses, land use studies, and demographic research. TRC completed
numerous site and safety analysis reports for nuclear power stations.
Such reports require extensive land use and population studies. TRC
studied the existing land use in the immediate site area and conducted
regional land use reviews. Facility sites were selected so that land
use compatibility was maintained. The size, location, and density of the
existing population was identified. Population increase or decline was
-23-
-------
--* . ,
VXC^NV. ; h rvv
'^s^-S V ~''v ^''"
Site H1
@ Sampling locations
Discharge
Vct^'-AV '1/-' '''£'& "'''siS'V'iI'1
^?''#%M'*i$$
^£& iwAp^^
Sampling locations
I I
Figure 3-1: Non-Point Sampling Sites
_2'4-
-------
projected to the year 2000. This projection is required so that the
facility will not be sited within a set distance from high population
concentrations which may develop in the future.
TRC has recently completed an Environmental Impact Assessment for
Removal of Drift in New York Harbor for the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers.
The study analyzed a variety of socioeconomic characteristics of the harbor
area. TRC conducted a review of area population growth and decline, density
and location. Care was given to identifying income distribution and labor
characteristics (number of employees by industry type, value of product,
and unemployment). An inventory of rail, truck, and shipping facilities
in the harbor was conducted. Intensive land use studies were undertaken
in areas where large concentrations of drift existed.
TRC has recently completed several environmental assessments of
facility sitings. Such siting reports include significant socioeconomic
analyses. TRC has contracted to conduct an environmental assessment for
locating a proposed research facility. Analyses included comparative
tax structure studies of alternative sites, an available housing inventory,
and review of existing community services. TRC forecast the additional
demand on services caused by facility construction and offered alternatives
which would mitigate some negative effects. Land use analyses of areas
surrounding the site were conducted to insure that the facility would not
disturb the existing land use pattern.
Over the last three years, TRC has conducted numerous environmental
assessments of proposed highway improvements in Connecticut and New York.
Socioeconomic analysis included in such studies concentrated on identifying
the number of people and housing which would be impacted by the project.
25
-------
Existing land use patterns were identified, and TRC conducted demographic
studies to characterize the size, age, ethnic character, income, and race
of the impacted population. Socioeconomic analysis also included fore-
casts of increased traffic loads on new and adjacent streets and the cost
to communities of improving traffic controls on these streets. In certain
instances, TRC was asked to analyze project labor demand and wages.
TRC has conducted a wide range of socioeconomic studies. TRC will
be able to conduct similar socioeconomic studies in Chesapeake Bay
efficiently and in a cost-effective manner.
3.5 TRC Capabilities and Experience in Management Information Systems
TRC's experience with the Environmental Protection Agency's informa-
tion systems spans the period from the founding of the agency to the pres-
ent. We have successfully carried out a large number of projects which
involves the design, development, implementation, and operation of EPA
management information systems and of EPA monitoring systems. In addition
to working with EPA headquarters and regional offices, we have worked with
23 state and local environmental agencies in developing and installing data
systems related to virtually all aspects of. environmental applications.
Our success in these areas is related not only to our information management
capabilities but to our ability to combine environmental expertise with
data processing needs. We are aware of the constraints, the restrictions,
and the potential of effective management and monitoring systems.
We provide industrial and governmental clients with the following
skills:
o Strong EDP capabilities which provide both innovative
and practical solutions to tough problems.
-26-
-------
o Knowledge of existing EPA systems such as the Permit
Compliance System.
o Familiarity with EPA regulations anel procedures such
as PL 92-500.
o Close working relationship with Region III data pro-
cessing staff.
o Good working knowledge of state problems.
o Experience with EPA data center procedures.
We stand ready to provide the optimum mix of people to meet various task
assignments. Program managers, system designers, engineers, programmers,
and technical specialists are available on a quick response basis to
solve problems which require data system support.
During the past two years, we have provided industrial and govern-
mental clients with the following services:
o Feasibility Studies. TRC's expertise in both EDP and envi-
ronmental matters has been used in numerous feasibility
studies. For example, our study of the New York City en-
forcement program has paved the way for automating very com-
plex agency procedures.
o System Development. Within a three-month period, we designed,
developed, programmed, and tested the Permit Compliance Sys-
tem which helps regional offices monitor all permits issued
under the NPDES program. A partial list of other systems we
have developed is given in Section 3.5.1.
o Data System Support. TRC schedules, operates, and maintains
a number of data systems for the EPA. Our high speed com-
puter terminal linked to the EPA data center makes it possible
for. us to provide a high level of support.
o Training and Documentation. TRC has provided both technical
and user documentation for all systems it has provided the
EPA. Our staff has worked with all ten regional offices to
provide training in the procedures and systems developed
by TRC.
o State and Local Regulatory Agency Support. With EPA funding,
we have worked with 23 states to help them develop systems for
tracking administrative regulations and for monitoring air and
water quality.
-27-
-------
Modeling. TRC has over 15 years of experience in analyzing
pollutant behavior. Reliable evaluations of the cause-effect
relationship between numerous pollutants and the quality of
both air and water have been modele4 Because no model is
an exact representation of reality, we are able to determine
the applicability of certain models for specific applications
with our extensive experience and seasoned judgment.
Data Extraction and Entry. Because of our familiarity with the
types of data processed by our systems, we have been asked by
the EPA to prepare data, enter data, and extract data for var-
ious data bases. All of our work in this area meets Management
Information and Data System Division (MIDSD) standards.
3.5.1 TRC Project Summaries
The following is a partial list of successful EDP applications
developed recently by TRC:
o PCS - Permit Compliance System. EPA Water Permits Division
located at Waterside Mall in Washington, sponsored this system
which was installed, maintained, and operated by TRC. The
system is a successor to the old GPSF data system. For EPA,
TRC implemented the basic design on an emergency basis and had
the basic system up and running in a three-month period. Since
initial installation, many enhancements have been added and
the scope has been expanded from the original four EPA region
offices which utilized PCS. TRC participates in feasibility
studies, planning sessions, training meetings, and maintains
physical operation of the system. Mr. William Milligan and
Mr. Bruce Rothrock at Waterside Mall were involved in the opera-
tion of the system.
o CDS - The Compliance Data System. This information system
operates currently for the Division of Stationary Source En-
forcement (DSSE) maintains a central data base of air enforce-
ment related data. All 10 EPA regions and offices feed information
via teleprocessing technique for regular updates. They retrieve
management reports from the data base direct to their offices. TRC
was the original designer of the system and provided implementation
that currently operates the system. We participate in all training
sessions. Mr. Michael Merrick, located at Waterside Mall, Washing-
ton, is the current national data base coordinator for the system.
o Metropolitan Toronto - Simulation Model and Information. For the
Toronto Air Management Branch, TRC developed a combination informa-
tion system and simulation model designed to process, edit, summarize,
and transmit inventory data for the entire metropolitan Toronto area.
This data base is comprised of sources at specific locations, and
-28-
-------
generalized types of sources such as industries, homes and others.
The system provides day-to-day operational data. Through a mechani-
cal link, these data were passed to a complex mathematical model.
The system utilized the SYMAP system of graphic presentation as
well as traditional digital printouts. TRC acted as a subcontractor
to the firm of H. H. Angus, an engineering consultant in Toronto.
Capitol Region Planning Agency Pollution Study. A 15-month study
was undertaken to investigate the relationship between land-use
development and pollution. Extensive computer modeling was utilized
to project land use growth in the region. Once the land use pattern
was forecast, pollution levels were generated by computer simulation.
Care was given to study such facets of the urban scene as industrial
plants, transportation modes, refuse disposal, housing, and commercial
activities.
-29-
-------
A.O TRC FACILITIES AND STAFF
Organized in 1960 as the research arm of The Travelers Insurance
Company, TRC The Research Corporation of New England became inde-
pendent in its present identity in 1970. Today, TRC is a well-established
professional organization offering research, consulting and technical
services, in the fields of environmental control, pollution abatement and
management of resources.
The strong steady growth of the Company has been largely the result
of confidence, trust and satisfaction of clients who return to TRC for
assistance on additional projects.
Our staff of almost 100 people is located at our principal offices
in Wethersfield, Connecticut. We have operated offices in Puerto Rico
and the Virgin Islands.
4.1 Organization
TRC operates under the project task force concept. Teams are headed
by project managers who draw upon the complete resources of the Company
on an "as required" basis. Everything in the Company is geared to serve
this management concept. The client advantages of this philosophy are
obvious when a complex problem must be solved very quickly or where a
high degree of professional discipline integration is required.
TRC's ability to satisfy the broad scope of client needs is ultimate-
ly based on the composition and quality of its staff of professional engi-
neers and scientists. Specific skills of our 100 man staff include
chemical, mechanical, electrical, electronic, civil, industrial and envi-
ronmental engineering; instrument technology; chemistry, physics, meteorology,
-30-
-------
oceanography, hydrology and aquatic biology; economics (micro and macro),
and law. Engineers hold professional engineering registration in almost
every state in the country and of the professional meteorologists, two
are Certified Consulting Meteorologists.
The efficiency and technical ability of TRC's staff is greatly aug-
mented by management professionals. The close working relationship this
permits between senior management and project management of the Company
is of great importance. Although TRC has successfully completed projects
ranging individually in value from hundreds of dollars to hundreds of
thousands of dollars, all projects undergo constant management review and
supervision through direct contact with individual project teams.
Assignments often involve confidential technology and data developed
by TRC clients. These projects are handled in complete confidence. The
integrity of TRC's compact organization enables desired security to be
strictly maintained.
4.2 Professional Effectiveness
In addition to a well balanced organization, TRC has developed systems,
procedures and standards to increase the efficiency of its services. Key
among these are prompt reporting procedures maintained in areas of project
scheduling, cost and overall project control resulting in considerable
savings in time and money to the client.
Even more important than fundamental cost control are the Process
Engineering and Economic groups' financial trade-offs available to project
managers. These assessments insure that the practical business viewpoint
is applied to all matters of scientific and engineering judgment. Members
of the Process Engineering and Economic Groups have extensive experience
-31-
-------
in financial, marketing and operating facets of process industries and
are able to produce realistic estimates of costs for operation and sys-
tems control. They have a sound working knowledge of the various means
of evaluating economic impact, including discounted cash flow, return
on investment and time pay-out methods. Finally, TRC employs analytical
techniques such as risk analysis and decision analysis including CPM and
PERT where they help the decision making process or add clarity to the
presentation.
As environmental consultants to management, TRC provides independent,
impartial services. It is a close-knit concern able to marshall the
requisite knowledge, experience and specialized equipment to define and
attack environmental problems. TRC is problem-oriented rather than tech-
nique-oriented, organizing members of its multi-disciplinary staff into
interdisciplinary teams to produce practical answers to problems within
agreed-on times and budgets.
4.3 Facilities and Equipment
TRC has consolidated an impressive support facility at its Wethers-
field location to provide the necessary technical back-up for services
provided. Included in the facility are:
o A biological laboratory equipped and staffed for identification,
enumeration, and indepth analysis of aquatic and terrestrial
samples, and for bioassay studies of potential toxicants.
o A fully equipped and operational chemical laboratory including
such instrumentation as GC, IR, UV-VIS spectrophotometers, AAS,
and emission spectrometer. Capabilities include diverse and
sophisticated standard sample analysis and unique one-of-a-kind
testing. The laboratory is licensed by the State of Connecticut
for water, heavy metals, and sanitary waste analysis.
-32-
-------
An instrument laboratory for maintaining and servicing both
TRC's and client's environmental monitoring equipment; chem-
ical, meteorological, hydrological, and oceanographic.
We operate an in-house computer system for mathematical model-
ing and data processing for clients. This system is a Univac
90/30 with associated disk and tape storage equipment and.
plotters. We also operate a Cope 1200 terminal which is linked
to the government facilities operated by Optimum Systems, Inc.,
at Bethesda, Maryland. This central computer houses TRC sys-
tems utilized by the 10 Federal EPA regions.
An odor research and measurement laboratory with a dynamic
dilution system for simultaneous presentation of odorant-air
mixtures to eight panelists. This system is being used as
the "referee" method for odor measurement techniques by the
federal Environmental Protection Agency and the Illinoise EPA.
A mobile odor laboratory, a duplicate of our odor research
facility, which allows direct, on-site measurement of odorous
emissions.
A low speed 15,000 cfm wind tunnel designed and operated to
study flow around buildings by means of physical models. A
high speed section is used for calibration of sampling and
meteorological equipment and for futitive emission studies.
A machine and wood-working shop for fabrication of special
probes and sampling equipment.
Two fully instrumented marine survey boatsa 26 foot twin en-
gine all fiberglass boat, and a 23 foot inboard/outboard boat.
Mobile facilities including several environmental monitoring
trailers, completely equipped for Set 1 and Set 2 pollutant
monitoring and data reduction systems. TRC also has a flexible
airborne monitoring system.
A large inventory of measurement and/or monitoring equipment
including HC, sequential samplers, portable GC, minicomputers,
meteorological and hydrological sensors, and specialized flow
measuring, and water monitoring equipment.
4.4 TRC Staff
TRC's ability to satisfy the broad scope of client needs is ultimate-
ly based on the composition and quality of its staff of professional engi-
neers and scientists. Specific skills include chemical, mechanical, electrical,
-33-
-------
electronic, civil, industrial, and environmental engineering; instrument
technology; chemistry, physics, meteorology, oceanography, hydrology,
aquatic biology; micro- and macro-economics, business management, envi-
ronmental law and land-use planning. Engineers hold professional, engi-
neering registration in almost every state in the country, and of the
professional meteorologists, two are Certified Consulting Meteorologists.
The principal skills of the TRC staff members planned to be used
in this proposed program are highlighted in Table 4-1. Resumes are also
included for all of these individuals.
-34-
-------
TABLE 4-1
PROPOSED STAFF MEMBERS
Biological/Ecological
Beckwith
Connelly
Martin
Marchese
Jaeger (consultant)
Taylor (consultant)
Systems Design/Data Processing
Serenyi
Shanks
Graves
Reimer
Morse
Cross
Lazorik
Ocean Engineering/Modeling
Bowne
Binder
White
Collins
Lendergan
Engineering/Non-Point Sources
Brookman
Yocom
Bartlett
Kolnsberg
Kalika
Chemistry
Kenson
Jayanti
Huston
Grappone
Socioeconomics
Larkman
Dimlich
Hoffman
-3'5-
-------
ERNEST E. BRCKWITH, JR.,
Education
1966, B.S. University of Connecticut
1972, M.S. University of Connecticut (Fisheries)
Experrf e_ncg_
Mr. Beckwith is Supervisor of Biology at TRC, his responsibilities
include development of experimental designs for environmental assessment
programs, supervision of biological field collections and laboratory
analyses, data analysis, interpretation, and report writing. Mr. Beckwith
also serves as Project Manager for those TRC projects that have major
biological impacts.
Mr. Beckwith1s experience includes direction of an intensive one
year study to determine the environmental impacts of dredging a
Mid-Atlantic estuary. In this capacity he developed a statistically
valid experimental design (field and laboratory programs) to monitor
and characterize the nekton, larval fish and eggs, benthos, primary
productivity, and water quality of the estuary.
Additional experience involved management of environmental studies
at several power plants on Lake Ontario an ; the Hudson River estuary.
These studies involved monitoring of the aquatic biota and assessment
of the impacts of planned and existing electric generating facilities.
«
Professional Affiliations . -
American Fisheries Society
New England Estuarine Society
<
Publie ation s
Mr. Beckwith has presented and has in preparation a number of
technical papers describing his work on Lake Ontario. His M.S. thesis
"Evaluation of the Potential Spawning Area for Anadromous Salmonids in
Part of the Thames River Basin, Connecticut" was the basis for a paper
issued by the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station.
-------
STEPHEN W. CONNELLY
Education
1970, B.S. Assumption College, Biology
Summary of Experience
As a Project Scientist at TRC, Mr. Connelly's responsibilities include
defining, planning and managing programs focusing upon air quality monitoring,
environmental planning and environmental impact assessment for both industrial
and government clients. He has managed several projects for both consulting
engineering firms and state highway agencies in New York and Connecticut to
provide air quality assessments for highway construction programs. Mr. Connelly
was responsible for site selection, equipment specification and data evaluation
as well as developing operating and reporting procedures acceptable to state and
federal agencies and subject to public review. Mr. Connelly has been responsible
for several programs for the Environmental Protection Agency, Region I in which
TRC evaluated violations of air quality standards, determined the source of
violations and recommended specific remedial measures. He has directed an
environmental impact assessment program dealing with the installation of long-
range remote radar sites for the Collins International Service Company. As
manager of a project for the U.S. Corps of Engineers, he has supervised the
preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement on the collection and removal
of material in New York Harbor.
Prior to joining TRC, Mr. Connelly was Environmental Control Officer for
four years in the'U.S. Coast Guard, Captain of the Port Office, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. He enforced federal pollution laws and regulations for the ports
of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Camden and Trenton, New Jersey, and Wilmington,
Delaware. Other work included preparation of contingency plans, liaison with
federal, state, and local authorities, and representatives of industry involved
in oil transport and storage. As a temporary assignment, Mr. Connelly was a
Case Resolution Officer for the Federal Energy Administration office in Phila-
delphia, Pennsylvania, from January to June, 1974.
-------
DEBORAH K. MARTIN
Education
1973, B.S. Central Connecticut State College, Biology
Summary of Experience
Mrs. Martin is a Chemical and Biological Laboratory Technician at
TRC. Her experience includes terrestrial and marine biology. She has
participated in several field studies for the development of environ-
mental impact statements for highways and other types of construction.
This involves performing detailed ecological investigations, as well
as on-site chemical analyses.
In TRC's chemical laboratory, Mrs. Martin performs routine wet
chemical analyses for both air quality and water quality programs.
Her background in biology enables her to contribute technical informa-
tion to reports on chemical effects on terrestrial and aquatic life.
-------
JOANNE M. MARCHESE
Education
1968, B.S. University of Hartford, Biology
Summary of Experience
Ms. Marchese is a Chemist at TRC. Her duties include industrial
hygiene and air pollution work, testing of trade wastes, sewage, and
potable waters for total Kjeldahl nitrogen, biochemical oxygen demand,
sulfate, phosphate, detergent, color, odor, and turbidity. Alkalinity,
hardness, and tests for chlorides are also performed. She performs
studies for metals, fluoride, hydrocarbon, and pesticide analysis, and
cyanide and phenol determinations on trade wastes, and surface water.
Ms. Marchese is licensed by the State of Connecticut to perform chem-
ical water analysis.
Prior to joining TRC, Ms. Marchese was employed by the State Health
Department where she performed routine tests on milk and frozen desserts,
trade wastes, sewage, potable waters, and a variety of fish and shell-
fish.
Professional Affiliations
American Industrial Hygiene Association
-------
RUDOLPH J. JAEGER, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Toxicology.
Harvard School of Public Health
Education;
1971 Ph.D., Biochemical Toxicology
John Hopkins University
1966 ' B.S., Biology
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Summary of Experience;
Dr. Jaeger has been at Harvard since. 1971. In addition to teaching
and directing research at Harvard, he serves as a consultant in the toxico-
logical aspects of synthetic organic materials for several hospitals. His
area of expertise is in the chemical and biological effects on health of
organic materials including chemicals found in chemical, rubber and pharma-
ceutical process waste streams.
Dr. Jaeger has been an active researcher and the author of numerous
publications on the toxic effects and metabolism of plasticizers extracted
from plastics and used in medical devices. He has performed studies on
materials entering the air environment by plastics burning. This had in-
cluded inhalation toxicity of halogenated hydrocarbons.
Dr. Jaeger has conducted studies on humans and test animals of the
effects of organic materials and serves as a TRC consultant on these sub-
jects.
Dr. Jaeger has presented numerous papers at national meetings of indus-
trial health organizations and published many of them in environmental
health journals. He has been a frequent contributor to NIEH symposia.
-------
W. ROWLAND TAYLOR
Education
1949, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin (Madison)
Summary of Experience
Dr. Taylor has been with the Chesapeake Bay Institute since 1957. In
1958 he was given the responsibility of developing all of the Institute's
biological oceanography academic and research programs. There are now two
biological major research groups within the Institute involving a total of
six Ph.D.'s (a seventh to be added this fall) with approximately 12-15
technical support staff.
For the last decade and a half, Dr. Taylor's personal research has
centered on studying the nature and functions of the populations of the
Chesapeake Bay. He is probably best known for his plankton and nutrient
recycling studies covering the entire estuary. For eleven summers he was
associated with the Marine Biological Laboratories in Woods Hole, Masschu-
setts both as an independent investigator and a teacher. His research in
Massachusetts included, among other things, studies of benthic and inter-
tidal unicellular algae, attached plants and invertebrates. It is toward
these areas that Dr. Taylor's research efforts within the Chesapeake Bay
estuarine system are now being directed.
In his position as Assistant Director for Research his administrative
responsibilities include coordination of CBl's research programs and of
long-range research matters and will maintain liaison with various local,
federal and state agencies that are concerned with estuarine and coastal
environmental problems.
Dr. Taylor has about 40 publications. Representative recent papers are:
1976 Phosphorus Distribution in the Chesapeake Bay. In press, Chesapeake
Science, Volume 17 (with J. L. Taft).
1975 Uptake and Release of Phosphorus by Phytoplankton in the Chesapeake
Bay Estuary, U.S.A. Marine Biology 33: 21-32 (with J. L. Taft and
J. J. McCarthy).
1975 The Dynamics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycling in the Open Waters
of the Chesapeake Bay. In: Marine Chemistry in the Coastal Environ-
ment, edited by T. M. Church, ACS Symposium Series 18, pp. 664-681
(with J. J. McCarthy and J. L. Taft). .
1974 The Significance of Nanoplankton in the Chesapeake Bay and Problems
Associated with the Measurements of Nanoplankton Productivity.
Marine Biology £4: 7-16 (with J. J. McCarthy and M. E. Loftus).
1974 Growth of Vitamin B-12 Limited Cultures: Thalassiosira pseudonana,
Monochrysis luthcri and Isochrysis galbana. Journal of Phycology 10:
385-391 (with D. G. Swift).
-------
GEZA P. SKRENYT
Education
1975, M.B.A. University of Connecticut
1966, B.A. Harvard University, English
Summary of Experience
Mr. Serenyi is a Project Manager and Systems Analyst in the En-
vironmental Management and Planning Division of TRC. In his capacity
as Project Manager, lie has been responsible for contract negotiations,
planning, scheduling, budgeting, and supervising projects such as the
Compliance Data System, the Permit Information Tracking System, and
the Enforcement Management System. In his capacity as a Systems Analyst,
he has been responsible for the proposal preparation and feasibility
studies of a number of major EPA projects. He has also participated in
the analysis, design, and programming of many of TRC's automated data
processing applications. He has conducted user training sessions in
almost all of the EPA's regional offices and in many state pollution
control agencies. He has written several user documentation manuals
describing TRC's computer systems for both management and technical
personnel.
Prior to joining TRC, Mr. Serenyi spent over five years on large
business and insurance computer applications. He directed the feasi-
bility study and the detail design of an on-line direct billing system
for all of the commercial lines of insurance at Aetna Life and Casualty.
He designed and programmed a system to process no-fault loss transactions
for The Travelers Insurance Companies. While with the Travelers, he
worked on the design, programming, documentation, and implementation
of five major systems.
Mr. Serenyi's hardware and software background includes experience
with every large-scale IBM system. He is thoroughly familiar with OS/
JCL. He has used IMS/DLI and TOTAL for large data base applications.
He has installed TRC's systems on a wide variety of hardware including
Univac and Control Data computers.
Professional Affiliations
American- Management Association
-------
SCOTT G. SHANKS
Education
1960, M.B.A Xavier University, Business Administration
1952, B.S. University of Illinois, Psychology
Summary of Experience
Mr. Shanks is a Senior Scientist at TRC, and is responsible for
information system design and development. Mr. Shanks's background
includes design and implementation of large scale simulation systems.
He designed and implemented an air resource management system capable
of predicting effects of changes in pollution emissions through relo-
cation or emission reduction for autos, aircraft, manufacturing fa-
cilities, and power stations in a large metropolitan area. His is the
principal designer of the Enforcement Management System, which was de-
veloped for use at the state and local level under EPA direction, and
designed and implemented management systems for hazardous pollxitants
lor the EPA. Mr. Shanks recently designed and developed a digital sim-
ulation program to model traffic and emissions on highways.
Mr. Shanks has computerized the processing of emission inventory
data to support the operations of air pollution control agencies.
Some of these systems have included provisions for scheduling and in-
spections, abatement action programs, and automatic updating of the
source emission inventory. Mr. Shanks was a major participant in the
operations research analysis and development for the Library of Con-
gress real-time automation project, which included modules for simula-
tion of various activities.
Prior to joining TRC, Mr. Shanks spent three years with United
Aircraft Corporation as a systems project leader and senior computa-
tion analyst. He was responsible for detailed design of on-line real-
time information and automation systems. Previously, he spent 11
years with the Procter and Gamble Company, where he was responsible
for various computer-oriented systems relating to shipping, sales sta-
tistics, manufacturing scheduling, and inventory control.
Professional Affiliations
Association for Computing Machinery
-------
SUSAN G. GRAVES
Education
1976 ADPEPV Structured Programming Workshop
1973-1975 The Hartford Graduate Center
1970, B.A. Hanover College, Mathematics
Summary of Experience
Ms. Graves is a Systems Analyst in the Environmental Management
and Planning Division of TRC. She is responsible for the design,
programming and implementation of computer systems for states and
the fedecal government.
Ms. Graves developed the retrieval package for the Enforcement
Management System, a state air enforcement data system and has de-
signed and developed several specialized reports for the Compliance
Data System, a federal data system for air enforcement information.
She has also had responsibility for technical and user documentation
for many clients. Ms. Graves is currently project leader for the
Permit Compliance System (PCS) which processes EPA water permit data
nationwide and is project manager for four installations of the Air
Quality Data Handling system, a computer system which handles air
quality monitoring information at the state level.
Prior to joining TRC, Ms. Graves spent over three years on large-
scale data processing applications at Hartford Insurance Group. With
principal responsibility for the homeowner's data base, she directed
design and programming projects to establish a BDAM direct access mas-
ter file for interface with a telecommunications network, an insurance
applications system, and a permanent file microfilm system. She is
knowledgeable in all major programming languages and has broad exper-
ience in large-scale IBM system features including advanced JCL, stor-
age device techniques, data management, and operating system facilities.
and has had experience with the Univac 1100 and Honeywell 6000 series
of computers. While at The Hartford, she provided systems support in
a number of hardware and software areas.
Professional Affiliations
Data Processing Management Association
-------
RITA B. REIMER
Education
1972-73 Drexel University, Mathematics
1972, B.A. Douglass College, Rutgers University,
Mathematics
Summary of Experience
As a senior programmer in the Environmental Management and
Planning Division, Ms. Reimer is responsible for the design, pro-
gramming, and implementation of computer systems for a number of
TRC's clients. She has adapted one of TRC's highly successful
computer systems to handle water permit monitoring. The system
was originally designed to monitor the compliance status of major
sources of air pollution. She has developed a number of application
programs for state and federal Environmental Protection Agencies.
Prior to joining TRC, Ms. Reimer worked for over two years at
Hartford's major insurance companies in their data processing depart-
ments. Some of the applications she has worked on include an agency
commission system, a loss reporting system, and a special commercial
account management system. During her years in the insurance industry,
she became proficient in IBM's OS job control and utilities. She has
worked with interactive intelligent terminals and on a variety of on-
line applications.
-------
CATHERINE A. MORSE
Education
1972, B.A. University of Connecticut, English
Summary of Experience
Ms. Morse is a senior programmer in the Environmental Management
and Planning Division of TRC. She is responsible for design, programming,
and implementation of computer systems for the state and federal govern-
ments. She has made design modifications to the retrieval package for
the Enforcement Management System which processes air enforcement, data
on the state level, and the Permit Compliance System which processes
federal water enforcement data.
Prior to joining TRC, Ms. Morse spent two years at Aetna Life &
Casualty as a programmer analyst on a commission payroll system. Her
responsibilities included program analysis and design, testing design
and coordination, system documentation and production support. She has
a proficient knowledge of ANS COBOL and IBM's OS job control language.
-------
GARY K. CROSSE
Education
Aetna Data Processing Education Prograi
1973 Rutgers University, Data Processing
IBM Education Center
1975 Aetna Data Processing Education Program
1973 Rutgers University, E
1970 IBM Education Center
Summary of Experience
Mr. Crosse is a senior programmer in the Environmental Management
and Planning Division of TRC. He is responsible for all phases of
systems development, including design, programming, and implementation
of computer systems for federal and state environmental protection
agencies. He has participated in the installation of several systems
for state agencies and has designed portions of the federal Permit
Compliance System.
Prior to joining TRC, Mr. Crosse worked for several firms in the
capacity of senior analyst/programmer. He was responsible for the
analysis, programming, testing, and documentation for a number of
insurance and manufacturing applications. During this time, he gained
expertise in ANS COBOL and IBM's job control language. He has worked
with a number of software products such as CMS, C1CS, ASI-ST. He has
also provided system support for a major DOS installation where he had
total responsibility for system generation, installation of new opera-
ting system releases, and system enhancements.
-------
SANDRA W. LAZORICK
jlducation
1960, B.A. Connecticut College for Women, Mathematics
Summary of Experience
Ms. Lazorick is a Senior Programmer in the Environmental Sciences
Division of TRC. Her duties in this capacity include the analysis,
design, and development of computer techniques and programs applicable
to the solution of engineering, scientific, and data-processing prob-'-
lems. These problems are in the following areas of work: atmospheric
diffusion and fallout, vehicular emissions, and objective analysis
and prediction using physical-statistical models.
Previously, Ms. Lazorick was employed as an Analyst at United Air-
craft Research Laboratory. She was responsible for the design and
implementation of the automatic routing package for the CADIC system,
Ms. Lazorick was also employed as an Aero-Space Technologist at
Goddard Space Flight Center. She was responsible for the design and
implementation of the S3-a data reduction system, a data retrieval end
editing program for use in satellite orbital calculations. She was
also responsible for a variety of orbit determination programs including
the Query version of the World Map and Station Predictions System and
stability and orientation programs for OAO (Orbiting Astronomical Obser-
vatory) .
-------
NORMAN E. BOWNE
Education
1953, B.S. Pennsylvania State University, Meteorology
Summary of Experience
Mr. Bowne is a Certified Consulting Meteorologist and is Director
of the Environmental Sciences Division at TRC, which is responsible for
data reduction, analysis, and mathematical modeling of physical processes.
This group regularly supplies meteorological consultation to utilities
and other industrial clients for air pollution problems.
Mr. Bowne was co-developer of the TRC Regional Air Pollution Model,
which is currently being used in Toronto. He was principal investigator
on projects to specify atmospheric turbulence models required for the
design of vertical take-off aircraft and to study the difference in
boundary layer wind fields between an urban and a rural area. He has
worked on models to define diffusion patterns for rocket launchings for
NASA and re-entry and break-up of satellites for the AEC. Mr. Bowne
also participates in designing and conducting field diffusion experiments
and had primary responsibility for the analysis of field trial data from
the urban diffusion project and the woodlot project conducted for the
U. S. Army.
Previously, Mr. Bowne served as a weather officer in the U. S. Air
Force, and was associated with the U. S. Weather Bureau from 1955 to
1960. He was Assistant Meteorologist-in-Charge at the Weather Bureau
Office, AEC National Reactor Testing Station, Idaho, and MIC of the
Weather Bureau Office, AEC Connecticut Aircraft Nuclear Engine Labor-
atory.
Professional Affiliations
American Meteorological Society
Air Pollution Control Association
American Nuclear Society
Publications
Mr. Bowne has published articles in the Bulletin of the American
Meteorological Society, Journal of Applied Meteorology, Atmospheric En-
vironment , Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association, and Envi-
ronmental Science and Technology.
-------
JAMES J. BINDER, P.E.
Education
1974, M. S. Northeastern University, Mechanical and Ocean Engineering
1969, B. S. Northeastern University, Mechanical Engineering
Summary of Experience
Mr. Binder is a Project Scientist in the Environmental Sciences Division of
TRC. He serves as project scientist on various water-related environmental
projects. His primary responsibility lies in defining the physical characteristics
of natural water bodies and the transport of pollutants in such systems. He con-
ducts both mathematical modeling and field survey studies. Project experience
includes the assessment of severe wave heights and forces to be expected at an
ocean sewage outfall in Maine, water quality monitoring at a nuclear site, the
impact assessment of storm water run-off from material piles at a mining facility
on the water quality and biological community of a river system, and the impact
assessment of sedimentation associated with dredging operations in an estuarine
environment. Mr. Binder is currently project manager for the thermal discharge
associated with an industrial power plant in Massachusetts.
Prior to joining TRC, Mr. Binder served as an environmental engineer in ocean
and coastal matters on a cooperative work assignment associated with Northeastern
University. During this time, he participated in the investigations for and the
preparation of environmental reports necessary for the licensing of a nuclear
power plant. Mr. Binder was involved in specifying, developing, and analyzing
hydrographic and hydrothermal surveys to predict and identify thermal pollution.
As a petroleum engineer for an oil company, Mr. Binder supervised engineers
and technicians in conducting and analyzing petrophysical tests to determine the
feasibility of petroleum production. In this capacity, he acquired a knowledge
of the instrumentation, equipment, and methods of petroleum exploration and
production. .
Professional Affiliations
Water Pollution Control Federation
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
-------
GRETCHEN A. WHITE
Education
1973, B.F.A. University of Connecticut, Dramatic Arts (in-
cluding three years of chemistry, physics,
and mathematics)
1975 Central Connecticut State College, courses in
meteorology and assembler language program-
ming, pollution chemistry
Summary of Experience
Ms. White is a Research Aide in the Environmental Sciences Division
of TRC. She is responsible for analog data chart reduction, data pro-
cessing, basic computer operations, and programming.
Prior to joining TRC, Ms. White worked as a Research Assistant in
the Electro-Chemistry Laboratory and in the Micro-Circuits Laboratory of
the United Aircraft Research Laboratories in East Hartford, Connecticut.
-------
GEORGE F. COLLINS, P.E.
Education
1948, M.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Meteo-
rology
1942, B.S. Ohio University, Physics
Summary of Experience
Mr. Collins is a Senior Environmental Consultant at TRC. He is
both a Certified Consulting Meteorologist and a registered Professional
Engineer, with more than 30 years experience in industrial and applied
meteorology. As Senior Environmental Consultant, Mr. Collins is respon-
sible for the technical and/or administrative direction of survey and
consulting services in the fields of meteorology, hydrology, geology,
oceanography, demography, and land use as they relate to the architec-
tural-engineering design and the safe operation of manufacturing and
power generating facilities. Among the programs for which Mr. Collins
has been responsible are complete environmental surveys for nuclear and
conventional power plants including presentation of expert testimony in
support of licensing applications, community and industrial air pollu-
tion studies, evaluation of wind and wave damage resulting from severe
storms, and environmental impact assessment of removal of sunken vessels
and debris from New York Harbor.
Before joining TRC, Mr. Collins spent 10 years with industrial firms,
including E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, as a Senior Service Engineer,
providing consulting services in industrial meteorology on new plant site
selections, factory layout, and air pollution control. Earlier experience
includes four years as aviation meteorologist for Pan American World Air-
ways in Brazil, two years as marine meteorologist for Humble Oil Company
for offshore drilling operations in the Gulf of Mexico, and one year as
a diffusion meteorologist with the Nuclear Products Division, Lockheed-
Georgia.
Professional Affiliations
Air Pollution Control Association, Past Chairman, TT-3 Meteorology
Committee, Vice-Chairman, TT-5 Committee on Reaction with Total
Environment
American Meteorological Society, Certified Consulting Meteorologist
No. 61
American Society of Civil Engineers
Registered Professional Engineer (Delaware - ]892; Connecticut - 5875)
New Jersey State Chamber of Commerce Air Pollution Committee - Past
Chairman
-------
Tennessee Manufacturer's Association Air Pollution Committee -
Past Chairman
Manufacturing Chemist's Association A^r Pollution Abatement Com-
mittee - Past Member
Publications
Mr. Collins has published numerous articles on engineering meteorol-
ogy, environmental surveys, and atmospheric diffusion in Weather Wise,
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Proceedings of the Amer-
ican Society of Civil Engineers, Journal of the Air Pollution Control
Association, Industrial Wastes, Chemical Engineering, Plant Engineering,
and Nuclear Safety.
-------
RICHARD J. LONDERGAN
Education
1972, Ph.D.
1969, M.S.
1967, B.S.
Carnegie-Mellon University, Physics
Carnegie-Mellon University, Physics
Carnegie-Mellon University, Physics
Summary of Experience
Dr. Londergan is a Research Scientist in the Environmental Manage-
ment and Planning Division of TRC. He has management and research re-
sponsibilities for air and water pollution studies. As project manager,
he directs programs in environmental planning to assist management or
government by assessing the economic and environmental effects of pro-
posed actions. Dr. Londergan performs data analysis and air quality
modeling to assess the environmental impacts of various activities. He
is also involved in the development of air quality models for both in-
ert and reactive pollutant species.
Prior to joining TRC, Dr. Londergan worked with Battelle Memorial
Institute as a post-doctoral research fellow. In this position he con-
ducted research projects in theoretical solid state physics, specifi-
cally studying thermal transport in magnetic materials at cryogenic tem-
eratures. His dissertation work was in solid state physics and statis-
tical mechanics, with particular emphasis on superconductivity.
Professional Affiliations
American Physical Society
Sigma Xi
-------
GORDON T. BROOKMAN, P.E.
Education
1973, M.S. University of Connecticut, Chemical Engineering
(Water Pollution Control minor)
1970, B.E. Pratt Institute, Chemical Engineering
Summary of Experience
Mr. Brookman is a Project Engineer with TRC ±n the Environmental
Technology Division. He is responsible for project management and super-
vision of division personnel in water-related projects. As project man-
ager, he directs programs to assist industrial management in assessing
and solving water pollution problems. Mr. Brookman has developed water
control systems for a variety of industrial processes. Recently, he was
responsible for managing a program to determine the effect on water qual-
ity in a river of storm water run-off from raw material storage piles at
a mining facility.
Prior to joining TRC in 1972, Mr. Brookman worked with Merck & Com-
pany as a chemical engineer responsible for the development of waste
v?ater treatment for Merck plants. This work included activated sludge
design, toxicity studies, and the development of both heavy metals and
cyanide treatment processes. As a member of the Pratt Institute Coop-
erative Education Plan, Mr. Brookman spent two years working at Combus-
tion Engineering. Much of this time was devoted to development and test-
ing of air pollution and solid waste equipment, including a scrubber,
mechanical collector, and incinerator.
Professional Affiliations
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Water Pollution Control Federation
Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry
Publications
"The Removal of Mercury from Industrial Waste Waters by Metal Reduc-
tion," presented at Purdue University Waste Water Conference, May,
1971.
"Measuring the Environmental Impact of Domestic Gas-fired Heating
Systems," presented at the 67th APCA Meeting, June, 1974.
"Control of Odors From Wastewater Treatment Processes", presented at
the Waste Water Equipment Manufacturer's Association Meeting
March 29 - April 1, 1976
-------
JOHN E. YOCOM
Education
1947-1951 Ohio State. University, Chemical Engineering
1947, B.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Chemical
Engineering
1943-1944 Lehigh University, Mechanical Engineering
1940-1942 Oberlin College, Chemistry
Summary of Experience
Mr. Yocom is Vice President and Chief Engineer at TRC, and is a
registered professional engineer with more than 25 years experience in
all aspects of air pollution. His experience ranges from basic re-
search on process development, service as the first Technical Director
for the Bay Area Air Pollution Control District, to consultant and pro-
ject engineer for various consulting engineering and research firms,
including the Travelers Research Corporation, Kaiser Engineers, Arthur
D. Little, Inc., and Battelle Memorial Institute.
At TRC, Mr. Yocom directs the development of a broad spectrum of
environmental engineering and air pollution programs for industry and
governmental agencies. Emphasis in these studies is on the collection
of accurate field measurements and the translation of study results
into technically and economically feasible concepts which can be used
as a basis for management decision in the area of environmental qual-
ity control technology.
Professional Affiliations
Air Pollution Control Association
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
American Industrial Hygiene Association
American Society for Testing Materials
Registered Professional Engineer - California, Connecticut, and
several other states
Diplomate, American Academy of Environmental Engineers
Publications
Mr. Yocom has written more than 30 publications in all areas of
air pollution.
-------
PAUL T. BARTLETT, P.E.
Education
1966, B.S. North Carolina State University, Mechanical
Engineering
Summary of Experience
Mr. Bartlett is a Project Engineer at TRC. He is responsible for
assisting in and conducting technical programs dealing with air pollu-
tion measurement and control, and noise abatement measurement and con-
trol. In carrying out these responsibilities, Mr. Bartlett works closely
with both industry and regulatory agencies.
Experience at TRC includes participating in programs for firms en-
gaged in water filter manufacture, wood product manufacture, printing and
coating processes, gray iron castings, and metal components plating and
manufacture. Mr. Bartlett was recently the program manager for a major
project to assess emissions from a chlorinated dry bleach plant and to
recommend design and process changes to alleviate those emissions. Mr.
Bartlett's background in mechanical design and development with related
environmental courses and experience find extensive application to indus-
trial and governmental problems related to environmental control.
Before joining TRC, Mr. Bartlett was a regional engineer with the
State of North Carolina's Air Quality Division. In that capacity he was
responsible for directing all field activities in the region, including
plant inspections, evaluations for compliance, negotiations of abatement
plans and schedules for temporary permits, registration, and public re-
lations. While he was in North Carolina, Mr. Bartlett took several EPA
air pollution control courses at Research Triangle Park.
Other previous experience includes numerous projects Mr. Bartlett
conducted designed to find methods to improve the acoustic and aerody-
namic performance of air moving devices. In this capacity he became
involved with acoustics and noise measurement. Mr. Bartlett also has
experience in conceptual and layout designs of pneumatic valves and
actuators used in aircraft air conditioning systems.
In 1976, Mr. Bartlett was a member of a Group Study Exchange Group
that toured southern Sweden studying business, industry, government, and
social services. Environmental planning and control were areas of partic-
ular interest for Mr. Bartlett during that experience.
-------
HENRY J. KOLNSBERG
Education
1971, M. B. A. Graduate
School of Business Administration,
University of Connecticut
1963, B. S. M. E. Cooper Union School of Engineering,
New York
Summary of Experience
As Senior Project Engineer in the Environmental Technology Division,
Mr. Kolnsberg is responsible for the planning, management and execution
of projects concerned with environmental control, pollution abatement and
energy conservation. In this capacity he works closely with government
and industry in the field of environmental management.
Before joining TRC in 1975, Mr. Kolnsberg was Systems Manager of
Chemtric, Incorporated, a leader in the development of waste water reclam-
ation and purification systems for the space program and other governmental
agencies. He was responsible for equipment design and performance as well
as contracts management.
From 1963 to 1973, Mr. Kolnsberg was a project engineer and program
manager for the design, fabrication, production and qualification of
various components of space craft life support and water reclamation equip-
ment.
Mr. Kolnsberg has published papers relative to waste water reclamation
in a number of technical journals.
-------
PETER W. KALIKA, P.E.
Education
1959, M.S.
1954, B.S.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Mechanical
Engineering
Stevens Institute of Technology, Mechanical
Engineering
Summary of Experience
Mr. Kalika is Engineering Manager in the Environmental Technology
Division of TRC. He has over 10 years experience in environmental en-
gineering and over 20 years experience in product and process analysis
and engineering. At TRC, his work includes management of technical
projects dealing with process analysis, air pollution control, and pro-
cess ventilation. Mr. Kalika works closely with industry and regula-
tory agencies in defining pollution problems and in developing econom-
ical solutions.
Before joining TRC, Mr. Kalika was a Senior Engineer at Combustion
Engineering, where he was responsible for the planning, evaluation, and
development of new products, many of which were in the air pollution
and solid waste area. Mr. Kalika was also employed by Hamilton Stan-
dard in the analysis, design, and development of airborne propulsion
control systems.
Professional Affiliations
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning
Engineers
American Academy of Environmental Engineers, Diplomate
Registered Professional Engineer in Connecticut and six other
states
Publications
Mr. Ralika has presented papers on pollution control at national
meetings of the ASME, APCA, and ASHRAE, at the Toronto Section of the
Chemical Institute of Canada, for the National Council of the Paper
Industry, and the Environmental Conference of the Rubber Manufacturers
Association. He is the author of 18 technical papers and articles,
and holds several patents in the environmental control field.
-------
ROBERT E. KENSON
.Education.
1965, Ph.D. Purdue University, Physical Chemistry
1961, A.B. Boston University, Chemistry
-Summary of Experience
Dr. Kenson is a Senior Project Scientist in the Environmental Tech-
nology Division of TRC. He has five years experience in air pollution
research and engineering, and 10 years experience in chemical process
development. At TRC, his work includes direction of air pollution/
environmental health studies, study of the production of secondary pol-
lutants in the atmosphere, investigation of pollutant measurement tech-
niques, and identification of significant air pollution sources. He
directs TRC programs in odor problem definition and odor control,
In previous employment, Dr. Kenson supervised a group studying the
production and control of air pollutants from mobile and stationary com-
bustion sources. He was responsible for KOX control process development
and design of catalytic afterburners. He was also responsible for de-
velopment of instrumental analytical techiiiques, fuels analysis, and
computer models for these programs. Dr. Kenson has also conducted stud-
ies of petrochemical process development, hydrocarbon oxidation/com-
bustion, and gas analysis.
Professional Affiliations
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Air Pollution Control Association
Catalysis Society
Society of Automotive Engineers
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning
Engineers
Publications
Dr. Kenson has presented papers concerning air pollution control at
national meetings of the AIChE, ACS, CSChE, APCA, and the Catalysis So-
ciety. He is the author of eight major publications.
-------
Publications
1. "Mechanism of Ethylenc Oxidation: Reactions of Ethylene and Ethyl-
ene Oxide on a Silver Catalyst," J. Phys. Cbem., 74, 1493 (1970).
2. "Processing Nitric Acid Tail Gas," Chern. Eng. Prog., 67, 73 (1971).
3. "Catalyst System for Oxidation of Ammonia to Nitric Acid,""Chem.
Tech., lt 627 (1971).
4. Monolitic Catalysts for Auto Exhaust Control - Progress Report II,"
I & E C Div., ACS Symposium, Chicago, 111., Jan. 1973.
5t "Odor Sources in Rubber Processes and Their Control," Conference on
Environmental Aspects of Chemical Use in Rubber Processing Operations,
Akron, Ohio, March 1975.
6. "Integrated NOX Pollution Abatement Systems for Nitric Acid Plants,
APCA 68th Annual Meeting, Boston, Mass., June 1975.
7i "The Assessment and Control of Industrial Odor Problems," Third Na-
tional Conference on Energy and the Environment, Hueston Woods,
Ohio, Sept. 1975.
8. "Fugitive Emissions from Coal," NCA-BCR Coal Conference, Louisville,
Kentucky, October 1975.
-------
R. K. M. JAYANTY. Ph. P.
Education
1975, M. E.
1972, Ph. D.
1966, M. Sc.
Pennsylvania State University, Environmental Pollution
Control
University of Bradford (U. K.) > Physical Chemistry
Andhra University, Analytical Chemistry
Summary of Experience
Dr. Jayanty is a Research Scientist in the Environmental Sciences
Division at TRC, where his principal areas of interest deal with atmospheric
reactions of pollutants, particularly sulfates and oxidants.
As a Research Associate at Pennsylvania St^te Universit}7, Dr. Jayanty
performed research on the photolysis of frecns ia uh^ presence of oxygen
and ozone; the reaction of 0('D) with halocarbons and methane; and the
inhibition of smog formation by free radical scavenging.
Dr. Jayanty is the author of a dozen research papers in journals such
as J. Photochem. , Atmospheric Environment, and J. of Che'.nical JCinetics.
Some of his most recent work is co-authored with Professor Julian Heickleii.
Professional and Honorary Societies
Air Pollution Control Association
Sigma Xi
-------
ROBERTA P, HUSTON
Education
1968, B.A. College of Our Lady of the Elms, Chemistry
Summary of Experience
Mrs. Huston is Technical Supervisor of Chemical Services, which
includes the responsibility of TRC's chemistry laboratory. In addition
to the administrative direction of the laboratory, Mrs. Huston's duties
include selection of appropriate analytical methods, methods develop-
ment, and the operation of analytical instrumentation. Since the lab-
oratory also exists as a support function to the other divisions of
TRC, she provides chemical assistance when needed. This includes tech-
nical information for proposals and final reports.
TRC's chemical laboratory has an on-going quality control program.
Mrs. Huston also acts as Quality Control Coordinator with responsibil-
ity for developing and carrying out the quality control program, includ-
ing statistical procedures and techniques, monitoring the activities of
the laboratory to determine conformance, and advising management.
Mrs. Huston's experience includes routine chemical analysis of po-
table waters, sewage, and trade wastes. She also has an extensive back-
ground in the field of air pollution work and has been involved in in-
dustrial hygiene surveys and analyses. Her instrumentation background
includes gas chromatography, emission spectrography, atomic absorption
(flame and furnace methods), and UV-visible-IR spectrophotometry. She
is licensed by the State of Connecticut to perform chemical water analy-
sis.
Professional Affiliations
American Industrial Hygiene Association
-------
NICOLA F. GRAPPONE
Education
1971, B.A. St. Joseph .College, Chemistry
M.S. Candidate Central Connecticut State College, Chemistry
Summary of Experience
As a Project Chemist at TRC, Ms. Grappone performs routine chemi-
cal tests on water samples including those for BOD and COD, phosphates,
sulfates, nitrate, ammonia, and Kjeldahl nitrogen. She also uses atom-
ic absorption for the analyses of metals and is familiar with both the
flame and furnace mode of operation.
In addition, she has extensive background in chemical instrumen-
tation, including gas chromatography, atomic absorption, and UV-visible-
IR spectrophotometry, especially as applied to air and water analysis.
She is familiar with emission spectrography, mass spectrometry, and
electrochemical techniques, including polarography, coulometry, and am-
perometry.
Ms. Grap7>one has analyzed stack samples according to EPA procedures
and is familiar with methods for the analysis of NOX, SOX, and particu-
late emissions. She has also worked with industrial hygiene samples
analyzing for solvent vapors, free silica, metals, and welding fumes.
Ms. Grappone has also performed field measurements of particulates,
CO, and hydrocarbons. Most recently she has participated in community
odor surveys as well as odor source sampling and evaluation.
Professional Affiliations
American Chemical Society
-------
DAVID F. G. LARKMAN. P.E.
Education
1970, M.B.A. University of Chicago Graduate School of Busi-
ness
1959-1964 Council of Legal Education, London, England,
Member of Inner Temple
1950, B.Sc. (Eng.) University of London
Summary of Experience
As Director of the Environmental Technology Division and Vice Pres-
ident of TRC, Mr. Larkman is responsible for planning, directing, and
executing projects concerned with environmental control, pollution abate-
ment, and management of resources. In this capacity he works closely
with government, industry, and commerce in developing and managing the
comprehensive approach to environmental management.
Before joining TRC in 1974, Mr. Larkman was Technical Director of
Ecodyne Corporation, Graver Water Division, an industry leader and in-
novator in the field of water quality and waste water management to se-
lected base industries and utilities. He was accountable for all pro-
cess engineering and technology and was responsible for all technical
and commercial performance.
From 1966 to 1970, Mr. Larkman was Division Manager of Horton Pro-
cess Division, Chicago Bridge and Iron Company, and was responsible for
industrial waste control and environmental systems, a new business ac-
tivity providing the total systems approach to petroleum and petro-chem-
ical, steel, pulp and paper, and utilities industries in resolving all
matters concerning water and waste water and solid waste management.
From 1955 to 1966 he was Executive Director at the Paterson Engineering
Company, London, England, an international leader in the field of pro-
cess engineering in the treatment of many industrial liquids and in the
separation of concentrated solids.
Areas of special knowledge and experience include project manage-
ment, economic evaluation, process engineering, and technology concerned
with the operation of many process industries.
Professional Affiliations
Registered Professional Engineer
American Water Works Association
Water Pollution Control Association
American Society of Testing Materials
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Institution of Civil Engineers
Institution of Water Engineers
-------
DAVID J. DIMLICH
Education
1969, B.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Electrical Engineering
1969, B.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Industrial Management
Summary of Experience
Mr. Dimlich is Director of TRC's Environmental Monitoring Division.
His responsibilities include overall direction of all TRC's environmen-
tal monitoring programs, facilities, staff, and instrumentation.
Mr. Dimlich is currently serving as program manager for TRC's air
quality and meteorological monitoring program for the Power Authority
of the State of New York. This continuing three-year program includes
the installation and operation of four meteorological towers and 18 air
quality stations throughout New York state. Mr. Dimlich has also served
as program manager for other environmental monitoring programs includ-
ing design and upgrading of the State of Connecticut Department of Trans-
portation's air quality monitoring systems.
Mr. Dimlich is also Secretary/Treasurer of TRC arid, as such, has
overall responsibility for the company's financial and business manage-
ment.
Mr. Dimlich's previous experience includes significant operations
research work. He has conducted detailed systems analysis trade-offs
of various high priority strategic and tactical weapons systems. These
analyses required the development and utilization of advanced mathemati-
cal modeling techniques, econometric trades, and various computer simula-
tion methods.
While at M.I.T., Mr. Dimlich participated in various urban systems
studies. He performed a comprehensive feasibility study of advanced
dual-mode transportation systems under M.I.T.'s Project Transport.
-------
-------
STEPHEN D. HOFFMAN
Education
i
1975, M.A. Boston University, Geography
1972, B.A. Bowling Green State University, Geography
Summary of Experience
Stephen Hoffman is a member of the Environmental Management and
Planning Division of TRC. His work includes urban and economic plan-
ning in the areas of site selection, land use analysis, demography,
and environmental planning.
Prior to joining TRC, Mr. Hoffman was a free-lance socioeconomic
consultant for environmental consultants and private firms, working on
impact statement preparation and site selection studies. He also has
prior working experience as a socioeconomic scientist analyzing the
social and economic impacts caused by fossil and nuclear power stations,
petroleum facilities, and mining operations. He has studied potential
sites with regard to zoning, labor, tax structure, land cost, and trans-
portation. Mr. Hoffman has also analyzed the demographic characteristics
of metropolitan areas on numerous projects.
Professional Affiliations
American Society of Planning Officials
Association of American Geographers
American Geographical Society
------- |