EPA-450/2-73-004
                      TERMINAL
                   USER'S MANUAL
        U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

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                          EPA-450/2-73-004
      S  A  R 0  A  D
         TERMINAL
    USER'S  MANUAL
         Carolyn P . Chamblee

          Gerald J . Nehls
  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
    Office of Air and Water Programs
 Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
   Monitoring and Data Analysis Division
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
           October 1973

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 This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report technical
data of interest to a limited number of readers.  Copies are available free of
charge to Federal employees, current contractors and grantees, and nonprofit
organizations  - as supplies permit - from the Air Pollution Technical Information
Center, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina 27711, or from the National Technical Information Service , 5285' Port
Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22151.
                          Publication No. EPA-450/2-73-004
                                      11

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                                                                                     10/15/73
                                       FOREWORD


  This manual defines procedures for receiving data and summaries from the National Aerometric Data
Sank. It is written for those who will be using the  procedures, whether they be Regional Offices, EPA
Dersonnel, or others who have been given access to the data bank.
  There are three sections on output. One section  describes how to interactively request air pollution
nformation using a remote terminal. Another section describes procedures for requesting batch jobs to be
run later with the output sent either to a medium-speed printer or to the central computer site (local) where
it is mailed to the user.  A third section describes other output formats which are available by mailed
requests.
  Questions, comments, and requests may  be forwarded to:
    Environmental Protection Agency
    National Air Data Branch
    Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
  Please note that the log on procedure is controlled and distributed by the Data Systems Division  of the
Environmental Protection Agency. The address is the same as listed above.
                                              iii

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                                                                                     10/15/73
                                TABLE OF CONTENTS


Air Pollution Access System 	1.0.1

Remote Batch Submissions	2.0.1
    Quarterly Frequencies	2.1.1
    Yearly Frequencies	2.2.1
    Raw Data Listing (> 24 hr )	2.3.1
    Standards Programs	2.4.1
    Inventories	2.5.1

Interactive Access	3.0.1
    Quarterly Inventory	3.1.1
    Yearly Inventory  	3.2.1
    Quarterly Summary	3.3.1
    Yearly Summary	3.4.1
    Site Descriptions	3.5.1
    Units Table	3.6.1
    Pollutant Name	3.7.1

3AROAD Mailed-Request System  	4.0.1
    Yearly Report by  Quarters 	4.1.1
    Raw Data Listing « 24 hr ) 	4.2.1
    Data Requests on Punched Cards or Magnetic Tape 	4.3.1

Glossary	5.0.1

Appendices  	6.0.1
     I. Criteria Restraints of the NADB for Averaging	6.1.1
     II. Addresses for the Regional Offices	6.2.1
    III. Typewriter Terminal Keyboards	6.3.1
    IV. SAROAD Terminal User's Manual Request Form	6.4.1

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10/15/73
                             ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

  Recognition is given to Mr. Amos A. Slaymaker, Jr. and to Mr. George M. Duggan for the assistance
given in the system development. Also credited are Ms.  Maureen Johnson, Mr. Theodore R Harris, and
Ms. Anne S. Rampacek for their efforts in manual review.
                                         vi

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                SAROAD TERMINAL USER'S  MANUAL
                                                                                  10/15/73
                        Affi POLLUTION ACCESS  SYSTEM
   The National Aerometric Data Bank has been
expanded to enable users to access the data files
via typewriter terminals. A user can ascertain the
number of  established  sites,  determine  the
amount of data  available for a site, and  then
receive the available data that he needs.
   There are two other manuals that  describe
other   aspects  of  the  system  and  give  an
explanation of the  coding  used. The SAROAD
(Isers Manual, APTD -  0663, published in  July
1971, describes how to use the SAROAD format
h  filling out forms, punched cards, and magnetic
tapes.  That  document also contains tables and
descriptions of AGENCY CODES (Code  Table 1),
PROJECT  CODES  (Code   Table  2),  TIME-
INTERVAL  CODES   (Code  Table  3),   and
POLLUTANT/METHOD CODES (Code Table 4).
   The SAROAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
-- 0907, revised in February 1972, contains codes
1or the STATE  and  AREA of  any sampling
hcation in the United  States.
   The  personnel of  NADB  have developed a
system  of programs to allow the user  to  inter-
actively request  certain  information which  is
printed  immediately on his typewriter  terminal.
"he user can  also interactively  request certain
programs to  be run later; these programs will be
cither mailed to the user or printed on his  medium-
s.peed terminal. There  are  also some programs
which can be requested by telephone or by mail
1rom NADB. These are explained  in the third
<,ection of this manual.
   The system was designed  so  that users  who

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10/15/73
user.  Next a listing  of  the  dataset  CPCDAS,-
NADBTSO.TEXT  will be  printed.  The  dataset
contains messages of interest to most, if not all,
users. If  there are no entries to  be printed, a
message  will  be returned.
   The data  bank  master   program  assumes
control at this point, and any information required
is  requested  by  the program.  More  detailed
explanations of required information are  provided
in each section describing the individual functions.
   When  the  user  has completed  his interactive
session, the end command should  be entered. A
wait is required to allow the computer system to
submit any remote  batch jobs constructed and to
release the resources allotted to the user. When
the tasks have  been completed, the   READY
message will be printed. The user is free to access
other available systems or, if no further access is
desired, to enter  logoff.  If jog off is  entered, a
message indicating the user has logged off will be
returned.  The terminal and coupler should then be
turned off and the phone returned to its cradle.
   Please note that, should the connection to the
computer be broken,  the user has  only to follow
the same procedures that he always uses to log
on. Any remote batch jobs constructed  prior to
the disconnection may not have been submitted
and should be reentered.
   A line of input is not considered  entered by the
computer until the return key is pressed. Typing
errors can be corrected Ijntil the line is entered by
backspacing or pressing the attention key (marked
AFTN). The backspace featire is used to back up
to the character to be corrected. All characters to
the right  of the error must be  retyped since the
backspace operation erases them. The attention
key deletes the entire  line and  the user reenters
the correct information.   If the attention key is
pressed during the session, tne READY message
will be returned. The user has left the system and
can no longer make function requests. If further
access is desired, other systems can be accessed
or logoff should be  entered.
   Throughout  the  mam. a!  the  selection
commands ate listed as follows:

                  state = ??
               pollutant = ?•'???

   The number of question  marks following the
equal  sign defines the number of  characters  in
that code. In the above example the state code is
shown to be  two characters in length  and the
pollutant  code is five. If too few characters are
entered, a message indicating an  invalid entry is
returned  and  a new command  is  requested.
Entering  too  many  characters for  a selection
causes similar results. The key_ command  is an
exception to the rule because it allows a varying
number of characters for its entry.
   Many  references to criteria restraints are made
in the function descriptions. An explanation  of
NADB criteria restraints  is included h Appendix I
entitled  "Criteria  Restraints of the  NADB  for
Averaging."
                                  AIR POLLUTION ACCESS SYSTEM
        QUARTERLY
        INVENTORIES
INTERACTIVE
                       SITE
YEARLY
INVENTORIES

ONS


QUARTERLY
SUMMARIES

UNITS
TABLE
1


POl

                                 YEARLY
                               SUMMARIES
                                                                      NAIYIE
                                    INTERACTIVE MASTER
REMOl
FE BATCH

1
QUARTERLY
FREQUENCIES

RAW DATA LISTINGS
( > 24 hr)




YEARLY
FREQUENCIES

STANDARDS
PROGRAM


INVENTORIES
(SITE AND DATA)
1.0.2
   SAROAD TERMINAL USER'S MANUAL

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                                                                                               10/15/73
                             REMOTE BATCH SUBMISSIONS
   T:u   master   program  for  the   ddT .  oank
iiteracJv.-' access system ;s automatical-  inu-ked
when  the  entry,  nadbt&p.  is  enterea,   L'i  less
urpHen  prh1  is requested, the  possible ijncfon
if quests  .ir-j their descriptions  are  listen   TO
 truest lnri'Vf pr'r.t, entet Mddblso parm (noprinij
 '•' IS'lbtsc Qarm'fi.;   Otherwise enter  ;ia.dbts'.i.
   I •  '.h? "ibstft'  ;j ogram rht jset is rec iirod to
 ;"iC<-~  *"'S ijse,  i Jc.-"liiiC5;iori ov'e. The  d«n*ifi
 '.3':."'  i cc'Jr-  K th" ~;e>~J >   ".h-- user •,'. hs;n
 ,c~-  vas  i?,,-'Ti'tte  acc-:v '' ? , orrtpi.'er :;..-'-.'-'rT.
 Jrio'r";On."i'-V.  8S.:h 't-T.Of.- ''lifC'1  /o).' '--"iiliil! -;- ';Ke?
 -,-1!--  .ieri'i£-  of 'nforn-dti'~ '  the  'prnnTidl  ';.V'
  • a;'";~, b.^tc'i di  cr!. ni ^ur^iie'  ^nu  r-.e'  ,5 ".-"i?1-:
   ''/Viier- -he rne^-"''t  T'i  ^V'^vAi. 'D1 is  '•   t
              h ch
     'i ><>' ^/v •'
   The  possible  function  requests  and   their
descriptions are listed  below
   T   qfreq     Quarterly  frequencies.  Common
      rjer;ent!ier:   are  printed  tor  each  state
      requested  !jy  year  and  by  quarter.  The
      state(s) or  region  desired must be specified
   2   yfreq  -   Yearly  trequen; IBS  vfreq  is  i'kp
      ':;iL't9 excf-pt  t;(e  infonntion  •  ^jiven on '<
      vaarlv  b^.s's  on'y.
   '•.   r;uv.j;  — HJV.  data iisr,n^ for  data with 24
      ho-1.   a. o  jreate-  :-imph.ig  V'tervals   The
      >ijj  .•->•<  -virrjlc polk:!'ip;  Hpcned  must  he
      • ;;• -..;i':3r.'! .is  \vei'  r.   I-"  ;'('?t?'3)  or  Mg!r>n
      .!'.-t'red,
   •';  ot.-l  -  St-jnd jrrj-i "-r.•;:'->. Reports for the
      noi'.utants  lor -,"."; ;  -.id~dc''rip  ;-a''e  been
      ,^,.f,,1p'-, ,:rt. ,1!-;'  _..-.-_. •• i_sn--.- th11:, f ^"-tlOr:. "'".4
      -•.-••r  -*<'"' 'i " c ri:-r  el roust be spe^fieJ ,f
      '<•<•;:':(j  '-.>,',  ',t»i4'si  o' region
   6  '"•),)•    - l'i,'-j-TT(.'.rs.  "r!ie  sii?  description,
                                                                                       t'uC'non   The  <-
                                                                                       ,er's dasire 10  -,-;

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                                                                                    10/15/73
                           QUARTERLY FREQUENCIES
   The quarterly frequency function is selected by
the  user  desiring  common  percentiles  on  a
quarterly basis. The user must specify either an
EPA region desired or the state(s) desired. If a user
chooses to request information by  states, he may
specify a maximum  of five  states.
   The user  is given the opportunity to  list the
valid commands initially. If the list  is  needed, the
user should reply yes; if  not, he should reply no.
   After the  user makes this initial  decision, he is
requested to enter the identification  assigned to
the terminal to which the output is  to be sent. For
example, on the master  EPA computer,  if you
wish your print sent to the central computer room,
you enter local.
   The user batch account number  and user name
are also required for batch submissions. The batch
account number is one of the numbers assigned
when the user is  authorized to use  the system.
The entry for the user's name is limited to  a
maximum of 20 characters.
   The program prompts the user with messages,
START   ENTERING   COMMANDS    and
COMMAND? to enter his selections. The possible
commands are listed below.
   1. 51316 = ??,",??,??,??"-  The  list of  states
     desired separated by  commas. The maxi-
     mum number of states that can  be specified
     is five. If the state command is entered, any
     region  command   entered   previously  is
     ignored.  Example: state = 31
   2. region = ?? — The EPA region desired. If the
     region command is entered, any state com-
     mand entered previously is ignored. Regions
     range from 01  to  10.  Example: region = 01.
   3.  pollutant = ?????t — The single pollutant for
      which data are desired. If this command is
      not used, all pollutants are printed. Example:
      pollutant = 11101,
   4.  interval = ?t — The single interval for which
      data are desired. If  this  command is  not
      used, all  intervals  are  printed.  Example:
      interval  =7.
   5.  year = ?? —  The single year for which data
      are desired. If this command is not used, all
      years are  printed. Example: year = 70.
   6.  quarter = ??  — The single quarter for which
      data are desired. If  this  command  is  not
      used, all  quarters  are  printed.  Example:
      quarter = 01.
   7.  end —  Signals  that the  request speci-
      fications are complete. The batch job is pre-
      pared for submission and the specifications
      are printed. The user  is given an opportunity
      to either request the job as specified or to
      force the  job to fail.
   All commands can be entered  in their entirety
or abbreviated  to the first two  letters of  the
command.  A valid  entry  for either the  region
command or  the  state command is required for
job submission. If any command except end is
entered and  you wish to  cancel  it, enter  the
command followed by the number of ampersands
corresponding to the number of digits required by
the  command.  An  example  of  cancelling a
command is  po = &&&&&.

*Codes found in SAFtOAD Station Coding Manual. APTD
-  0907

fCodes found in SAFtOAD Users Manual, APTD - 0663
Remote Batch Submissions
                                        2.1.1

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                                                                                              [u  15 ""3
                                  YEARLY FREQUENCIES
                                                                                                      n?.
   Tne  yeary  frequency  function is  selected  bv           mane1'"nered previously :s Qpc-rac T-eg c
fne user desiring common percentnes or; a  y-earv,           rar^e TM>!I- 01  to 10.  Exampif-  t< >j.(.r  - ')"
basis. The user must spec,fy either an F? \-egior,         3.  poliu'a-^   ~''?"t  -   he '. r;jit- poln-,':' •  '"n
desired or the state(s) desired If a use'chooses TO           vf.ich data are rt»ved  M this cf""ir-a;-: ; •
specify  the siates  desired,  hp  ma\  spec-iv  a           'IOT used, a!l pO'iu'-;ni; ,it
maximum of five states                                    popular i  -  ;"!f}1
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,iser shoul-'i 'ep:v ye_s; if .'iot, he should  -;-p;i rjy.
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leuuesteu ;u ente"  me 'd?ntif:caticn  js^.^nec! to
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ixarnpie, or tnc  rnasi;:r EPA  :.Q\<-\v.*:•>.'     .<>•.
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''ou enter ioj.dj.
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     ITI'I    L  ~i'"v\' ot  \-'•>•>-.  ''"." ".-sr- ufc spev'M'rtd
Remote Batch Submissions

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-------

-------
                                                                                     10/15/73
                            RAW DATA LISTING ( > 24 hr )
   The raw data listing function is chosen by the
user desiring a list  of  values  for data with  a
sampling interval of 24 hours or greater. The user
is required to specify  either an EPA region desired
or the state(s) desired. The function limits the user
"o a single pollutant and a single year. If any one of
~he required items  is not specified, the batch job is
"orced to fail.  The  user  can  also  specify  the
nterval  or intervals desired. If the user  chooses
lot to enter an interval  or intervals, only the 24-
nour data will be  listed.
   The user is initially given the opportunity to list
-.he valid  commands.  If the  command list  is
desired, the user  should  enter yes; if  not,  he
should enter no.
   After the user  makes his initial  decision, he  is
-equested to enter the identification  assigned to
:he terminal to which the output is to  be sent. For
example, on the master EPA computer if you wish
/our print sent to the central computer room, you
enter -local.
   The user batch  account number is also required
for batch submissions. The batch account number
s one of the numbers assigned when the user  is
authorized  to  use the system. The  user  name
entered is limited  to  20  characters.
   The program prompts the user with messages,
START    ENTERING    COMMANDS   and
COMMAND? to enter his selections. The possible
;ommands are  listed below.
   1. state = ",??,??,?"?,??*  -  The list of states
     desired  separated  by commas. The  maxi-
     mum number of states that can be specified
     is five. If the  state command  is entered, any
     region  command   previously   entered   is
     ignored. Example:  state = 31.
   2. region =?? — The region desired.  If the
     region command is entered, any state com-
     mand entered previously is ignored. Regions
     range from 01 to 10.  Example: region = 01.
   3. pollutant = ?????t — The pollutant desired.
     This entry is  required.  If no pollutant  is
     specified, the job will be forced to fail. Exam-
     ple: pollutant = 11101.
   4. interval = ?T  — The  interval  desired. The
     interval  is 7  unless otherwise specified.  If
     more than one interval is desired, repeated
     usage of the command is involved. Example:
     interval =7.
   5. year = ?? —  The year  desired.  This entry  is
     required. If no year is entered, the job will be
     forced to  fail.  Example: year = 70.
   6. end  —   Signals   that   the  request
     specifications are complete. The batch job  is
     prepared for submission and the specifica-
     tions  are  printed.  The  user  is given an
     opportunity  to  either  request the  job  as
     specified or  to force the job to fail.
   All commands can  be entered in  their  entirety
or abbreviated to the first two letters of the com-
mand.  A valid entry for either the state  or region
command is required  for job  submission.  If any
command except end  is entered and you wish to
cancel  it, enter the command  followed  by the
number  of  ampersands  corresponding  to  the
number of digits required by  the command. An
example   of   cancelling   a   command   is
po = &&&&&.

*Codes found in SAROAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
-  0907,
tCodes found in SAROAD Users Manual, APTD  — 0663.
Remote Batch Submissions
                                        2.3.1

-------
10'15 70^

-------
    10,  15/73
THIS PROGRAM ARE:
YEAR DESIRED. THE YEAR COMMAND MUST
S BE SPECIFIED.
POLLUTANT DESIRED. THE POLLUTANT
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-------
                                                                                                                10/15/73
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                                                                                                                     2.3.5

-------

-------
                                                                                    10/15/73
                             STANDARDS PROGRAMS
   The NADB standards programs are a series of
programs written  to  furnish  reports  for  the
pollutants for  which standards have been set.
These  reports  encompass  the  three  formats
snown in the samples following the sample inter-
active  session.  Asterisks  adjacent  to  values
indicate  that  the  values exceed  the primary
standard listed at the bottom of the report. Plus
sgns adjacent to values  indicate the secondary
standard listed at the bottom of the  report was
exceeded. The number of times each  standard
v/as exceeded is totaled at the bottom.  Other
items  on the report  include  a  complete site
description,  number of observations,  percent of
possible observations, the basis for the standards,
the  method of  collection,  and the  method  of
analysis.
   The  user is initially offered the choice  of a
command list. If the list is  desired, the user  should
enter yes; if not, he should  enter no.
   The  user  begins  to  make  his  selections
following  the   prompts,  START   ENTERING
COMMANDS  and  COMMAND?. A  prompt is
a ways used to indicate when a user can enter a
CDmmand. The valid user* commands are listed
below.
   1. state = ??,??,??,??,??*  -  The  state(s)
     desired. If the region command was entered
     previously,  the   region  entered  will  be
     ignored. Maximum equals five states. Exam-
     ple: state = 31.
   2. region = ?? — The EPA region wanted. If the
     state command was entered previously, the
     state(s) entered will be  ignored.  Regions
     range from 01 to 10. Example: region = 01.
   3. form = ??. . .? — The form characters  for the
     reports wanted. Enter any number desired.
     Maximum equals 12 reports. If the  form
     command is entered more  than once, the
     last entry is accepted. The form characters
     and associated  reports are:
      A — Paniculate.
      B — S02— Daily values.
      C — SOa — Daily averages of hourly values.
      D — S02 — 3-hour averages.
      E — CO — 1-hour averages.
      F — CO — 8-hour averages.
      G — Oxidants.
      H — Ozone.
      I — N02 — Daily values.
      J — NO2— Hourly values.
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      Z — All reports.
      Example: form = acej.

   4.  year = ?? — The year  desired.  Limit is one
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accepted, it will be submitted upon successful
completion of the  nadbtso procedure.
"Codes found in SAftOAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
- 0907.
Remote Batch Submissions
                                        2.4.1

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-------
10/15/73
C N 0 X I D E PAGE 31-C497
ERAGE NEW JERSEY
OAPOS REPORT FOR APRlLt 1970
LATITUDE: N40 C* 43 M. 30 S.
LONGITUDE: W074 D. 11 M. 30 S.
ANFCRO PLACE UTM ZONE: 18
MMERCIAL UTM NORTHING: V,508.3 KM.
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                                                                                     10/15/73
                                      INVENTORIES
   The function  invoked  by the SPS command
offers  remote  batch   access  to  the   site
descriptions, yearly data inventories by pollutant
within state, and yearly data inventories by site.
   The user is offered the opportunity to obtain a
command list  upon entry  into function.  If the
command list is desired, enter yes; if not, enter no.
   The valid commands are listed below.
   1. state = ??,'??,??>?,??*   -  The state(s)
     desired. If the region command was entered
     previously,  the  region  entered  will  be
     ignored.  Maximum  equals   five  states.
     Example: state = 31
   2. region = ??  — The EPA region wanted. If the
     state command was entered previously, the
     state(s)  entered  will  be  ignored.  Regions
     range from 01 to 10.  Example: region = 01.
   3. end — Signals the end of the user request
     for this function.
   The   user  must   choose   to   submit  site
description  requests,  inventory  by  pollutant
requests, or  inventory  by site  requests.  The
choices are listed and the user enters either sd for
site descriptions, J£ for inventories by pollutant
within  state, or  ]s_ for inventories by site.  If an
incorrect entry is made, the user is notified and a
valid entry is requested.
   The user must enter the identification code for
the terminal to which the print should be  routed.
For example,  local would cause the output to be
printed at the central computer site. The user's
batch  account  number  and  name  are   also
required. The user should exercise  care when
entering the user identification (master program),
terminal  identification, and  the   batch account
number since misinformation  can result in job
failure  after submission.
   After  all the user specifications  have  been
made and the end command has been entered,
the job specifications are listed and the user can
either  accept or  reject  the  job. If  the job  is
accepted, it will be  submitted upon successful
completion of the  nadbtso procedure.
   The entire  command may be entered or it may
be  abbreviated  to the  first  two   letters.  For
example, state = 01  and st = 01 are handled the
same.
 "Codes found in SAROAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
 - 0907
Remote Batch Submissions
                                         2.5.1

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10/15/73
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                                                                                     10/15/73
                               INTERACTIVE ACCESS
   The master program for the data  bank inter-
active system is automatically invoked when the
command nadbtso is entered. If parm  (noprint) or
parm (nop) is not specified, the master program
automatically lists the possible function requests
and  their  descriptions.  To  request that  the
description not be printed, enter  nadbtso parm
(noprint); otherwise, enter nadbtso. When USER
ID? is returned, enter your user identification code
entered in the log on entry.
   The  possible  function  requests   and  their
descriptions are listed below. Other valid function
requests are. described  in the section  entitled
"Remote Batch Submissions."
   1. qinv — Quarterly inventory which furnishes
     the maximum  value, number  of observa-
     tions, and, if criteria restraints are met, the
     arithmetic mean for  specified site-pollutant-
     date combinations.
   2. yinv — Yearly inventory, yjnv  is like  qinv
     except the information is given  on a yearly
     basis.
   3. qsum —  Quarterly summary  information as
     selected by the user for site-pollutant-date
     combinations.   Information  available  for
     selection  is  the number of observations,
     maximum,  minimum, arithmetic mean  (if
     criteria restraints are met), geometric mean
     (if criteria restraints are met),  arithmetic
     standard  deviation (if criteria restraints are
     met),  geometric  standard  deviation  (if
     criteria  restraints  are met),  percent  of
     possible observations present, value  substi-
     tuted for values less  than the approximation
     to the minimum detectable, and the number
     of times one-half the substitute value was
     used.
  4. ysum   —  Yearly  summary information.
    ysum  is like  qsum except the  information
    is given on a yearly basis.
   5. site  — Abbreviated or full site descriptions
     for sites in data bank that are  requested.
   6. unt  —  Units  table  containing  codes  and
     names for the NADB unit assignments.
   7. poll   —  Pollutant   names  corresponding
     to valid pollutant codes are provided.
   8. end  — Signals the user's desire to terminate
     the terminal session. When this command is
     entered, an appropriate message is  printed
     and the data bank procedure is completed.
     The user should allow a short time for the
     system  to  submit the remote batch jobs
     specified  and   reallocate  the  resources
     dedicated to the user. When the system has
     completed its tasks, the user is notified that
     he has  been logged  off  the system. He
     should turn off the terminal and coupler and
     return the phone to its cradle.
   The user is prompted to choose a function. The
user types his selection and pushes the return key.
The master program evaluates the user request. If
the request is valid, the corresponding function is
called and control is relinquished to the function.
If  the  user command is not  one  of the valid
commands,   the  user  receives   a   message
indicating the command is invalid and is given the
opportunity to enter  a new command.
   The user can choose  to enter  the complete
command or abbreviate the command to the first
two letters.  An example is si for site. The program
processes both commands in the  same manner.
   The interactive  system is used  to  query  the
data base.  It is  most effectively used to  ask a
question or series  of  questions which require a
short, quick answer. If large volumes of data are
required, the remote batch section of the manual
should be consulted.
   If the user is interested in available data from a
city or site,  he should enter the quarterly or  yearly
inventory function. If additional information or
statistics  are required, the quarterly or  yearly
summary function should be used.  Information on
the environment  of the sampling site is obtained
through the site  function.
   The pollutant  function will be selected by the
user who develops his own computer routines to
access or analyze the data  base.  On  all listings
furnished by the system,  the pollutant name will
be given. The user who develops his own output
formats may find it more economical to list only
the pollutant code, not the name. He can then use
this function  to ascertain the pollutant name.
   To  better  understand the system, the user
should be aware of how the data are ordered. The
data are arranged in ascending order by a series of
codes collectively called a "key." The codes are,
in  sequence,  STATE, AREA,   SITE,  AGENCY,
PROJECT,  POLLUTANT, METHOD, INTERVAL,
                                             3.0.1

-------
10/15/73

YEAR, and, if appropriate, QUARTER. The pre-
ceding  means  that all  data are  arranged  in
increasing order by state code. Within each state
they are arranged in increasing order by area (city
or county equivalent) code. Within each area they
are arranged in ascending order by site number.
For each site the  data are arranged in ascending
order by agency  code. Within each  agency the
data are arranged by project. For each project the
data are arranged by pollutant, method, interval,
and  date (year  or year and quarter).
   Since the data  are arranged in this manner, the
user may choose to  locate  a  specific item  of
information by  positioning at the beginning of a
block  of data,  entering  a partial  key, and
processing  sequentially until  the  information is
located or passed. A complete key indicates that
all necessary information is entered. For example,
the yearly inventory would require 22 characters
of information. The  partial key is a subset  of the
key. In using the  partial key option, only certain
parts of the key are  entered. For example,  a user
may wish to know if any  data are available for a
certain city. The user would enter only the state
and city code (via the commands, state and area
or key) and then  enter the command find. The
computer will locate the beginning of the data for
that state and city. If no data are present for the
state and city, the position will be at the beginning
of the city with the next largest code for which
data are available. A message indicating no record
was found for the key will be returned in any case.
The user should enter a new key  or enter the
command next. By entering next, the user can list
the first set of data that is available for that city. If
the next  record  listed is  for another  city,  it
indicates no data are available for the city entered.
   To use the partial key option, the  user must
enter all codes to the left of the code desired. In
the preceding example, the user was interested in
data for a city, but  he had to enter the state code
also. If he wanted information for a pollutant, he
would  have to  specify  STATE,  AREA, SITE,
AGENCY, PROJECT, and  POLLUTANT codes.
   In accessing the site function, the user is more
limited. The only two "key"  options are to enter
the complete 12-character key or to enter the state
code only (using state or key command).
   If, after this discussion, the user is still unclear
about the partial key, he should attempt to use the
option or contact the National Air Data Bank staff
at the address given in the Foreword for further
clarification.
 3.0.2
    SAROAD TERMINAL USER'S MANUAL

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                                                                                   10/15/73
                            QUARTERLY INVENTORY
   The quarterly inventory function is selected by
the user desiring to  ascertain  the  amount of
information  available  for  a site-pollutant-year-
quarter combination. If the combination exists on
the quarterly file, the programs provide the user
with the number of  observations recorded, the
maximum value that occurred, and, if the criteria
restraints are met, the arithmetic mean.
   The user is offered a chance to print the valid
command list for this function. If the command list
is  needed,  the  user  should  reply  yes.  If the
command list  is  unnecessary, the user should
reply no.
   The user begins to make his selections after the
messages, START ENTERING COMMANDS  and
COMMAND?.  COMMAND? is always  used to
indicate when  the user can enter commands.
   Basically the commands can be divided  into
two types. The selection commands  are used to
specify location, pollutant, and date information.
The action  commands are used  to  instruct the
program to perform some task.
   The selection commands and their  functions
are listed below.
   1. state =?7* - The code for the state desired.
     Example: state = 31.
   2. area = ????*  —  The  code for  the  city or
     county desired.  Example: area = 3480.
   3. site = ???  — The site number within the
     state.  Example:  site =001.
   4. agency = ?t  — The code for the sponsoring
     agency. Example: agency = a.
   5. project = ??t —  The  code for the type of
     sampling.  Example: project = 01.
   6. pollutant = ?????t — The code for the pollu-
     tant desired. Example: pollutant = 11101.
   7. method = ??t — The  code for the sampling
     method. Example: method = 91.
   8. interval = ?*  — The code for the sampling
     interval. Example: interval = 7.
   9. year = ??  — The year desired.  Example:
     year = 70.
 10. quarter = ??  —  The quarter  desired.  Exam-
     ple: quarter = 01.
 11. key = ???????????????????????? -  (24 char-
     acters). The complete key for  information
     desired composed  of the state, area, site,
     agency, project, pollutant, method, interval,
     year, and quarter in the order listed. The key
     command is provided as a quick method of
   entering the desired information. A  partial
   key can be entered to  position the file at a
   desired point so that the find and next com-
   mands can be used to retrieve subsequent
   information.  Example:  313480001 a01111-
   019177001.
   The action commands and their results are
listed below.
   1. find — Indicates that the user has entered all
     the selection information he wishes to speci-
     fy.  The program   uses  the  information
     specified and attempts to find a matching
     key on the summary file. If a match is found,
     the information for the site-pollutant-year-
     quarter  combination  is  printed   and  the
     COMMAND? prompt  follows. If  a match
     was not found, the  message, NO MATCH
     FOUND FOR KEY key CORRECT  OR ASK
     FOR NEXT RECORD is returned. The  user
     has  the option of  requesting  the  next
     sequential combination via the  next com-
     mand or entering new selection information.
     If  the key  requested  is greater than the
     largest key recorded in the file, the message,
     KEY  key  GREATER  THAN  HIGHEST
     POSSIBLE  KEY. ENTER  KEY  LESS THAN
     OR EQUAL highest key, is printed. Any valid
     command other than next can  be entered at
     this point.
   2. next ?? — Indicates that the user wishes to
     have the information for the next ?? sequen-
     tial combinations printed. The 22. represents
     any two-digit number from 01  to 99. If ?_? IS
     entered  as blanks, 01 is assumed. If the end
     of the file is reached, the  message, END OF
     DATA ENTER NEW COMMAND, is printed.
     The user can enter any valid command other
     than next. If an invalid entry for2? is entered,
     the user is notified and a new command is
     called for. Example:  next 03.
   3. end — Signals the end of user requests for
     the quarterly inventory function.  The pro-
     gram returns control to the master program
     and other functions  can  be requested.
   Please note that either the entire command or
the first two letters of the command can  be used.
Example: next 02 or  ne 02.
"Codes found in SAROAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
- 0907.
tCodes found in SAROAD Users Manual, APTD - 0663.
Interactive Access
                                       3.1.1

-------
10/15/73
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-------
                                                                                   10/15/73
                               YEARLY INVENTORY
  The yearly inventory function is selected by the
user  desiring  to  ascertain  the  amount  of
information  available  for  a  site-pollutant-year
combination. If the combination exists on the
yearly file, the program provides the user with the
number  of observations recorded, the maximum
value that occurred, and, if the criteria restraints
are  met, the arithmetic mean.
  The user is offered a chance to print the valid
command list for this function. If the command list
is needed, the user should  reply yes.  If the
command list  is unnecessary, the user  should
raply no.
  The user begins to make his selections after the
messages, START ENTERING  COMMANDS and
COMMANDS?. COMMAND?  is always used to
i idicate when  the user can enter commands.
  Basically the commands can be divided into
two types. The selection commands are used to
j.pecify location, pollutant,  and date information.
"he action commands  are used to instruct the
program to perform some  task.
  The selection  commands and their functions
are  listed below.
  1. state = ??* — The code for the state desired.
     Example:  state = 31.
  2. area = ????*  —  The  code for the  city or
     county desired. Example: area = 3480.
  3. site = ???  —  The site number  within the
     state. Example: site = 001.
  4. agency = ?^ — The code for the  sponsoring
     agency. Example: agency = a.
  5. project = ??T — The  code for the type of
     sampling. Example: project = 01.
  6. pollutant = ?????t — The  code for the pollu-
     tant desired. Example: pollutant  = 11101.
  7. method = ??t — The code for the sampling
     interval. Example: method = 91.
  8. interval = ?T  — The code for the sampling
     interval. Example: interval = 1.
  9. year = ??  —  The year  desired. Example:
     year = 70.
  10. key = ?????????????????????? - (22 charac-
     ters.) The complete key for the information
     desired. The key is composed of the state,
     area,  site,  agency,  project,  pollutant,
     method, interval, and year in the order listed.
     The key  command is provided  as a quick
     method of entering the desired information.
     Example:   key = 313480001 a011110191770.
     A partial key can be entered to position the
     file at a desired point to enable the use of the
     find and next commands to retrieve subse-
     quent information.
   The action  commands and  their results are
listed  below.
   1. find — Indicates that the user has entered all
     the selection information he wishes to speci-
     fy. The program uses the information speci-
     fied and attempts to find a matching key on
     the  summary file. If a match is found, the
     information for the site-pollutant-year com-
     bination is printed and  the COMMAND?
     prompt follows. If a match was not found,
     the message, NO MATCH FOUND FOR KEY
     key  CORRECT  OR  ASK   FOR   NEXT
     RECORD is printed. If the key requested is
     greater than the largest key recorded in the
     file, the message, KEY key GREATER THAN
     HIGEST POSSIBLE KEY. ENTER  KEY LESS
     THAN OR EQUAL highest key,  is printed.
     Any valid command other than next can be
     entered at this point.
   2. next ?? — Indicates that the user wishes to
     have the information for the next ?? sequen-
     tial combinations printed. The ??  represents
     any two-digit number  from 01 to  99. If 22 is
     entered as blanks, 01 is assumed. If the end
     of the file is reached, the message, END OF
     DATA ENTER NEW COMMAND, is printed.
     The user can enter any valid command other
     than next. If an invalid entry for22, is entered,
     the user is notified  and a new command is
     called for.  Example: next 02.
   3. end — Signals the end of  user requests for
    the yearly inventory function. The program
     returns control to the master program and
    other functions can be requested.
   Please note that the entire command  can be
entered or the first two  letters  of the command
can be used. Example: next 02or ne 02.
'Codes found in SAROAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
- 0907.
tCodes found in SAROAD Users Manual, APTD - 0663.
Interactive Access
                                       3.2.1

-------
10/15/73
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                                                                                     10/15/73
                              QUARTERLY  SUMMARY
   The quarterly summary function is selected by
the user desiring statistical information for a site-
pollutant-year-quarter  combination. If  the
combination exists on the quarterly file, the user
can obtain the information he specified by utilizing
the summary information selection commands. If
the combination does not exist on the file, the user
has the option of specifying a new combination or
requesting  the  sequential combination  following
the key he specified.
   The first choice the user must make regards the
listing of valid  program  commands. The user  is
given the option of printing the commands or pro-
coeding directly to  the  data selection. If yes  is
entered, the commands are listed. If no is entered,
the user is asked to enter his first command.
   The program commands can be divided into
two classes. The selection commands specify the
data desired, and the action commands request
the program to perform  some task. The selection
commands can be further divided into site-pollu-
tant commands and summary information com-
mands.
   The  site-pollutant  selection  commands  are
listed below.
  1. state = ??* — The  state desired. Example:
     state = 31.
  2. area = ????*  —  The code for the city or
     county desired. Example: area = 3480.
  3. site = ??? — The site number within the area
     desired. Example: site = 001.
  4. agency = 71" — The  code for the sponsoring
     agency. Example: agency = a.
  5. project = ??T  — The code for the type of
     sampling. Example:  project = 01.
  6. pollutant = ?????t — The code for the pollu-
     tant desired. Example: pollutant =  11101.
  7. method = lr — The code for the sampling
     method. Example: method = 91.
  8. interval = ?t — The code for the  sampling
     interval.  Example: interval = 7.
   9. year = ?? —  The code for the year desired.
     Example: year = 70.
  10. quarter = ??  —  The code for the quarter
     desired. Example: quarter = 01.
  11. key = ???????????????????????? -  (24 char-
     acters.)  The  complete key for the informa-
     tion desired. The  key is  composed  of  the

Interactive Access
     state, area, site, agency, project, pollutant,
     method, interval, year, and quarter in  the
     order listed. The key command is provided
     as a  quick method  of entering information.
     Example: key = 313480001 a01111019177001.
     A partial key can be entered to position  the
     file at a desired point to enable the user to
     enter the  find and  next  commands  to
     retrieve subsequent information.
  The summary information commands are listed
below.
  1. observ  —  The  number  of  observations
     stored in the data bank for the combination
     specified.
  2. max   — The   maximum  observation  that
     occurred for the combination specified.
  3. min   — The   minimum observation  that
     occurred for the combination specified.
  4. amean — The arithmetic mean. The value is
     printed only if the criteria restraints of NADB
     are met.
  5. gmean — The geometric mean. The value is
     printed only if the criteria restraints of NADB
     are met.
  6. astdev — The arithmetic standard deviation.
     The  value  is  printed  only  if the  criteria
     restraints of NADB are met.
  7. gstdev — The geometric standard deviation.
     The  value  is  printed  only if the  criteria
     restraints of NADB are met.
  8. % observ  —  The  percentage of possible
     observations that are present. This value is
     blank for the time intervals that would make
     the value meaningless.
  9. zsub —  The value  substituted  for data
     values less  than the minimum detectable in
     the computations. This value  represents an
     approximation of  one-half  the   minimum
     detectable.
  10. zcnt  — The number of times the isyb. value
     was  substituted in  the computations.
  11. all - Specifies that all statistics are desired.
"Codes found in SAROAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
- 0907.

r Codes found in SAROAD Users Manual, APTD - 0663.

                                        3.3.1

-------
10/15/73

   Initially, the program is set up not to print any
of the summary information. Specific requests for
items are  made  by  entering the  appropriate
command after the COMMAND? prompt. If at a
later  point  in  the  program  some  item  of
information requested is no longer needed, print-
ing of this information can  be  suppressed  by
entering the letter X  followed by the  summary
information selection command corresponding to
that information. For  example, if  the maximum
value was requested by the command, max or aH,
the command to suppress the printing  would be
xmax.
   The action commands and their results are
listed below.
   1. find — Indicates that the user has entered all
     the selection  information desired. The pro-
     gram  uses the  information  specified  and
     attempts to find a matching key on the sum-
     mary file. If a match is found, the informa-
     tion for the site-pollutant-year-quarter com-
     bination requested is printed, followed  by
     the COMMAND? prompt. If the match was
     not  found,  the message,  NO  MATCH
     FOUND FOR KEY kev CORRECT OR  ASK
     FOR NEXT RECORD, is  returned. The user
     has  the option of requesting the next se-
     quential combination via the next command
     or entering new selection information. If the
     key requested is greater than the largest key
     recorded in the file, the message, KEY key
     GREATER  THAN  HIGHEST  POSSIBLE
     KEY. ENTER  KEY LESS THAN OR  EQUAL
     highest key, is printed. Any valid command
     other than  next can be entered at this point.
   2. next ?? — Indicates that the user wishes to
     have the information selected for the next ??
     sequential  combinations  printed.   The  ??
     represents  any two-digit number from 01 to
     99. If 2? is entered as blanks, 01 is assumed.
     If the end of the file is reached, the message,
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     printed. The  user can  enter any valid  com-
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   3. end — Signals the end of user requests for
     the quarterly summary function. The pro-
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     and other  functions can be requested.
   Please note that either the entire command or
the first two letters of the command can be used.
The only time the two-letter abbreviation is not
sufficient is when negating the summary informa-
tion commands. The negative command requires
at least  three letters.  For example,  if max was
specified and no longer wanted, the  user can sup-
press the maximum by entering xrnaj< or xma.
 33.2
   SAROAD TERMINAL USER'S MANUAL

-------
                                                                                                                                  10/15/73
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                      10/15/73
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10/15/73
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-------
                                                                                     10/15/73
                                   YEARLY SUMMARY
   The yearly summary function is selected by the
 user  desiring statistical information for  a site-
 pollutant-year combination. If  the  combination
 exists on the yearly file, the user can obtain the
 information he specified  by utilizing the summary
 information selection commands. If the combina-
 tion does not exist on the file, the  user has the
 cption  of specifying a new combination or  re-
 questing  the sequential  combination  following
 the  key  he specified.
   The first choice the user must make regards the
 listing of valid program  commands.  The  user is
 given the option of printing the commands or pro-
 ceeding  directly to the  data  selection. If yes is
 entered, the commands are  listed. If no is entered,
 the user is asked to enter his first command.
   The  program commands can be divided into
 two classes. The selection  commands specify the
 data desired, and the action  commands request
 the program to perform  some task. The selection
 commands  can  be further  divided  into  site-
 pollutant  commands and   summary  information
 commands.
   The  site-pollutant selection  commands  are
 listed below.
   1.  state = ??*  — The state desired. Example:
      state = 31.
   2.  area = ????*  —  The   code for  the  city  or
      county desired. Example: area =3480.
   3.  site = ??? — The site number within the area
      desired. Example: site = 001.
   4.  agency = ?t —  The code for the sponsoring
      agency. Example: agency = a.
   5.  project = ??t — The  code for the type  of
      sampling. Example: project = 01.
   6.  pollutant = ?????t — The code for the pollu-
      tant desired. Example: pollutant = 11101.
   7.  method = ??t — The code for the sampling
      method. Example: method = 91.
   8.  interval = ?t — The code for the sampling
      interval. Example: interval = 7.
   9.  year = ?? — The code for the year desired.
      Example: year = 70.
  10.  key = ?????????????????????? -  (22 charac-
     ters.) The complete key for the information
     desired. The key is composed of the state,
     area,  site,   agency,  project,  pollutant,
     method, interval, and  year in the order listed.
     The  key  command  is provided as a quick
     method of entering  information.  Example:
     key = 3133480001a011110191770.  A partial
     key can be entered  to position the file at a
     desired point to enable the user to enter the
     find  and  next commands to retrieve subse-
     quent  information.
   The summary information selection commands
are listed  below.
   1. observ —  The  number  of  observations
     stored in the data bank for the combination
     specified.
   2. max  —  The  maximum  observation  that
     occurred for the  combination  specified.
   3. min   —  The  minimum observation  that
     occurred for the  combination  specified.
   4. amean — The arithmetic mean. The value is
     printed only if the criteria restraints of N ADB
     are met.
   5. gmean — The geometric mean. The value is
     printed only if the criteria restraints of NADB
     are met.
   6. astdev — The arithmetic standard deviation.
     The  value is  printed only  if the  criteria
     restraints of NADB  are met.
   7. gstdev — The geometric standard deviation.
     The  value is  printed only  if the  criteria
     restraints of NADB  are met.
   8. % observ  — The percentage of  possible
     observations that  are present. This value is
     blank for time intervals that would make the
     value meaningless.
   9. zsub  —  The  value substituted  for  data
     values less than the minimum detectable in
     the computations. This value represents an
     approximation   of  one-half  the  minimum
     detectable.
  10. zcnt  — The number  of times the zsub value
     was substituted in the computations.
  11. all —  Specifies that all  statistics  are  de-
     sired.
   Initially, the program is set up not to print  any
of the summary information. Specific requests for
items  are  made by  entering  the  appropriate
command after the  COMMAND?  prompt. If at a
•Codes found in SAROAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
-  0907.
tCodes found in SAROAD Users Manual, APTD - 0663.
Interactive Access
                                        3.4.1

-------
10/15/73
later  point  in  the  program  some  item  of
information requested is no longer needed, print-
ing of this information can  be suppressed  by
entering the letter )£. followed by the summary
information selection command corresponding to
that  information. For example,  if  the  maximum
value was requested by the command, max or ajl,
the command to suppress the printing would be
xmax.
   The action  commands and  their  results are
listed below.
   1. find — Indicates that the user has entered all
     the selection information desired. The pro-
     gram  uses the  information  specified and
     attempts to find a matching key  on  the
     summary  file. If a  match is  found,  the
     information   for  the  site-pollutant-year
     combination requested is printed, followed
     by the COMMAND?  prompt. If  the match
     was not found, the message, NO MATCH
     FOUND FOR KEY  key CORRECT OR ASK
     FOR NEXT RECORD, is returned. The user
     has the  option of  requesting  the  next
     sequential   combination  via   the   next
     command   or   entering  new   selection
     information. If the  key requested is greater
     than the largest key recorded in the file, the
     message,   KEY  key  GREATER  THAN
     HIGHEST  POSSIBLE  KEY.  ENTER KEY
     LESS  THAN  OR  EQUAL highest  key,  is
     printed. Any valid command other than next
     can be entered at  this point.
   2. next ?? — Indicates that the user wishes to
     have the information selected for the next ??
     sequential combinations  printed.  The  ??
     represents any two-digit number from 01  to
     99. If ?? is entered as blanks, 01  is assumed.
     If the end of the file is reached, the message,
     END OF DATA ENTER NEW COMMAND, is
     printed.  The uSer  can  enter  any valid
     command other than next. If an invalid entry
     for ?? is entered, the user is notified and a
     new command is  called for.
   3. end — Signals the end of user requests for
     the yearly summary function.  The program
     returns control to the master  program and
     other functions can  be requested.
   Please note that either the entire command or
the first two letters of the command can be used.
The only time  the two-letter abbreviation is not
sufficient  is   when  negating  the  summary
information  commands.  The negative command
requires at least three letters. For example, if max
was specified, but is no longer wanted, the user
can suppress the maximum by entering xmax or
xma.
3.4.2
   SAROAD TERMINAL USER'S MANUAL

-------
10/15/73


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10/15/73
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                                                                                    10/15/73
                                 SITE  DESCRIPTIONS
   The site function is selected by the user who
desires detailed information  about the location
and surroundings of some sampling site or sites.
The option of obtaining abbreviated  or full site
descriptions is incorporated in the system.
   The site program initially  offers the user the
option of having a  short description of the valid
commands printed.  The user response is yes if the
command list is desired or no if the list  is not
needed.
   The  user  is   required   to   choose  either
abbreviated or full  descriptions. Examples  of the
output obtained with the abbr and the fgll entries
are included following this discussion.
   After the user  has made the  decisions  dis-
cussed above, he is prompted  by the messages
START ENTERING  COMMANDS  and  COM-
MAND? to begin the actual  retrieval. There are
two possible types  of commands: selection com-
mands and action commands.  The selection
commands are used to specify the state, area, site,
agency, and project that the user  wants informa-
tion about. The action commands indicate  to the
program what action it is to take. Any type of
command can  be  entered following  the  COM-
MAND? prompt.
   The selection commands  are listed below.
   1.  state = ??*  —  Indicates the  state desired.
      Example: state = 31.
   2.  area = ????* — The city or county desired.
      Example: area = 3480.
   3.  site = ??? — The site number within the area
      specified. Example: site = 001.
   4.  agency = ?^ — The code for the  sponsoring
      agency. Example: agency = a.
   5.  project = ??t  — The code for the type of
      sampling.  Example: project = 01.
   6.  key = ????????????  -   The  complete  key
     composed of items  1 through 5 in the order
     listed. This command can be used as a quick
     method of entering information. Example:
     key = 313480001 a01. The key command can
     be used to position  the file at the beginning
     of the data for a state so the find and next
     commands can be used  to process the sites
     for a state. To do so, enter only the first two
     characters (state code) of the key and press
     the return key. The find command is then
     entered to actually  position  the  file.
   The action commands are listed below.
   1. find — Instructs the program to locate the
     last  state-area-site-agency-project  combi-
     nation  specified.
   2. next ?? —  Instructs the program to output
     descriptions  for the next ?? state-area-site-
     agency-project combinations in the file. ??
     represents any two-digit number from 01 to
     99. If just next is specified, one combination
     is printed.  If a  match was not found when
     the  find command was entered, the next
     command  does not necessarily result in the
     sequential  combination following the invalid
     key being  printed. Example: next 02.
   3. end — Signals that the user has completed
     his use of  this  function. Control is returned
     to the  master  program by this command.
   The complete command may be entered or the
command may  be abbreviated to the  first two
letters of the command. For example, next 02 can
be abbreviated to ne 02.
   The error messages associated with the site
description function  deal with three areas: invalid
commands, attempts to process beyond the end
of the file,  and invalid  state-area-site-agency-
project combinations. Invalid commands result in
the message INVALID COMMAND. REENTER,
followed by the prompt, COMMAND?.  The user
need only enter a valid command to continue. The
attempt to process beyond the end  of the data
occurs when the next??command requests more
combinations than remain. As many combinations
as exist are printed followed by the message, END
OF DATA. ENTER NEW KEY, followed by  the
prompt, COMMAND?.  The user enters a valid
command to continue.  The final situation,  an
invalid   key,  occurs  when  the  combination
specified  is not on the site file. The user receives
the message, NO SITE  FILE  ENTRY FOR key.
ENTER VALID  KEY,  followed by the  prompt,
COMMAND?. The user can change  any part of
the key or enter any other valid command at this
point. Please note that the command  next causes
the next sequential combination following the last
valid key to be printed, which may not be the next
sequential combination following the invalid key.

"Codes found in SAROAD Station Coding Manual, APTD
- 0907
tCodes found in SAROAD Users Manual, APTD - 0663.
Interactive Access
                                       3.5.1

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                                                                                                                         10/15/73
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-------
                                                                               10/15/73
                                    UNITS TABLE


  The units table  function  prints the  current    function.  Upon completion of  the table  listing,
NADB-assigned  unit  codes  and  their  names.    control is returned to the master program.
There are no commands associated  with  this
Interactive Access                                                                    3.6.1

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10/15/73
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                                                                                   10/15/73
                                POLLUTANT NAME
  The pollutant name  function is selected by
users desiring the pollutant name corresponding
to a five-digit pollutant code. If the code is one for
which a pollutant name has been  assigned by
NADB  staff, the name  is returned. If the code
entered is not matched, a new pollutant must be
specified or the command  end entered.
  Because the  pollutant name is always listed,
ihis function will not  be  necessary  for  users
leceiving normal output from  the system.  But as
mentioned earlier, if the user is developing his own
computer routines, he will probably list only the
Dollutant code and not  the name.  He can  then
snter this function to obtain the pollutant name.

  The commands associated with this function
are  listed below.
  1. pollutant = ????? — The code for which a
     pollutant name is  desired. Example:  pollu-
     tant = 11101.
  2. find — Indicates that the user has specified
     a pollutant code and is ready for the program
    to search for the name. If a match is found,
    the pollutant name is printed. If a match was
    not  found,  the  message, INVALID  POL-
    LUTANT CODE  = pollutant code.  ENTER
    NEW POLLUTANT CODE, is printed. The
    user can  enter  a new code  or the end
    command.
  3. next ?? —  Requests  that  the next ??_
    sequential  pollutant names be  printed. Tl_
    represents any two-digit number from 01 to
    99.  If blanks are entered for ]]_,  01  is
    assumed.  If  the end  of the  data file  is
    encountered  while processing this  com-
    mand, the message, END OF DATA. ENTER
    NEW CODE, is printed.
  4. end  —  Signals  the  end of requests for
     pollutant names. Control is returned to the
     master program.
  Please note that either the entire command or
the  first  two letters  of the command  can be
entered. For example, next  02 or ne 02 is a valid
command.
 Interactive Access
                                       3.7.1

-------
10/15/73




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-------

-------
                                                                                    10/15/73
                    SAROAD MAILED-REQUEST SYSTEM
   Data are available in formats other than those
described in the previous sections. These can be
requested  by  contacting:
    Environmental Protection Agency
    National Air Data Branch
    Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
   If the number of requests  for these routines
becomes excessive, they will  be  made available
under the Air Pollution Access System if possible.
Some routines are in this  section because they
-equire special equipment or special skills to use. If
/ou are not a  Federal  government employee, first
:ry to request data from your EPA regional office.
The addresses of the regional offices can be found
n  Appendix II.
   When you make a  request, you must have the
SAROAD  code.  Other  requests  cannot  be
honored. For example, a request  for data from
Denver, Colorado, is insufficient.  The  request
must be for data from state 06 and city 0580.
   A list of the codes necessary to request data
can be  obtained at the above address.
   Other programs dealing  with trend  analyses
and statistical analyses are available or being de-
veloped. We cannot make these available at this
time, however, because of a lack of resources. If
you have  a  specific  project, contact us  at the
above address and we may be able to offer you
the programs. Also, if you have requests for other
programs, contact  us at the  above  address.
Following  are  descriptions of the  available mail
requests.
                                            4.0.1

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                        YEARLY REPORT BY QUARTERS
                                                                                      10/15/73
   The yeany report by quarters has been used in
the past To satisfy general requests for data. The
report  by  quarters  was used  because many
poiiutants follow a  seasonal trend and the annual
average alone is often  insufficient to identify the
trends.  Utilizing this  report, one  can  examine
patterns  by quarter as well as  examine annual
trends.
   Because the yearly report by quarters does not
relate the data to the standards, it will probably
receive a more limited usage than  in the past.
   Sample output for the yearly report by quarters
is shown at the end of this section.
   In order to request a yearly report by  quarters,
the following information must be provided in the
request:
   1. Pollutants  desired  —  Which pollutant or
     pollutants are you  interested in?  Are you
     interested in  all pollutants?
   2 Method, units, and interval  -  For  each
     pollutant desired are you interested in a par-
     ticular method, units, and/or interval?
   3. Site combination  — Are you-interested in a
     specific  site,  city,  county,  state, region,
     and/or any combination thereof?
   4. Year — Are you interested in a specific year
     or specific years?
   5. Summarization — Do you  want pollutants
     summarized separately?
Please  note that separate summarization involves
multiple requests and can only be done for a few
pollutants, not all.
SAROAD Mailed-Request System
                                        4.1.1

-------
                                                                              10/15/73

































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4.1.2

-------
                                                                                      10/15/73
                          RAW DATA  LISTING  ( < 24 hr)
   The raw data mail request is used currently to
present data with a  1-hour,  2-hour, or 4-hour
sampling interval. Detailed information by month
for each pollutant-site is offered. The basic values
(1-hour, 2-hour, or 4-hour) are listed across the
page. If 75  percent  or  more  of the values are
presented  for  a  day,  the  daily  average  is
calculated. The number  of values per day is also
listed.
   Diurnal variation  is  also displayed  for the
month. Along the bottom, the average for each  1-
hour interval (or 2-hour interval or 4-hour interval)
is displayed if 75 percent or more of the values are
present for  that interval in  that  month.  The
number of  values  and  a  maximum  are  also
displayed.
   A monthly average is calculated if 75 percent or
more of  the  values are present and  a monthly
maximum is  listed. Saturdays and  Sundays are
identified by an asterisk following the "Day." The
format is shown at the end of this section.
   The following information  must  accompany
the request for a raw data listing.
   1. Pollutant  —  Which pollutant or  pollutants
     are you interested in?
   2. Method, unit —  For each pollutant are you
     interested in a certain method and/or units?
   3. Interval — Which interval are you interested
     in?
   4. Site combination — Are you interested in a
     specific  site,  city,  county, state,  and/or
     region?
   5. Date  — Are you interested in  a specific
     month,  quarter,  year, or years?
SAROAD Mailed-Request System
                                         4.2.1

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                                                                                                                                  10/15/73
















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4.2.2

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                                                                                    10/15/73
   DATA  REQUESTS ON PUNCHED CARDS OR MAGNETIC  TAPE
   Requests can be  made  for  any data to be
written onto magnetic tape or punched cards and
nailed to the  user. The data will  be  written  in
SAROAD card images as defined in APTD-0663
SAROAD Users Manual.
   In order to  request data  on punched cards  or
nagnetic tape, the  foilovving info'matiori must be
provided in  the request:

   1  Geographic  information   -  Are  you
     interested in  a specific  site,  city,  county,
     state, EPA region,  or  the nation? To make
     the request, look up  the SAROAD codes.
   2.  Pollutants  desired  — Which pollutant  or
      pollutants are you  interested  in? Are you
      interested in  all pollutants?
   3.  Method,  units -   For   each  pollutant
      requested are you interested in a  specific
      method or units or all methods and/or units?
   4.  Interval desired -  Are you interested  in  all
      intervals? If not, which specifip intervals do
      you want?
   5.  Date  -  Which   time   period  are  you
      interested in?
   If you want  the  data on  magnetic tape, the
following additional information must be included
in  the request.
   1. BP! - The  number of bits per inch to be
     written. The  probable values are 556, 800, or
     1600.
   2, Track  - The user can specify either seven-
     track or nine-track tapes.
   3. Labels  —   The  user  can specify either
     standard IBM labels or no labels.
   4 Blocking factor -  The number of 80-byte
     records written per block can be specified by
     the user.
   if the user requests magnetic tape and does not
supply  his own  tape, a wait  may be required to
process the request. The wait may be necessary to
allow NADB to make a tape available to the user;
usually, however,  this problem will not occur.
   Requests for  punched cards do not require the
additional   information  listed above.   Punched
cards should be requested only as a last resort
because they are easiiy damaged in the  mail. For
this rer3on, magnetic tape will be better foi mailed
requests
SAROAD Mailed-Request System
                                        4.3.1

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                                                                                    10/15/72
                                       GLOSSARY
Arithmetic  Mean  — The arithmetic mean is the
   most common measure of central tendency
   used to describe air quality data. It is the sum of
   the data  over a specified interval divided by the
   number  of values that  comprise the sum. In
   mathematical  notation,
    £>
T=  interval where! = 1,2,.
       n
             , n;X; = data values.
Arithmetic Standard Deviation — The arithmetic
   standard deviation is used as a measure of the
   dispersion or spread of the data values around
   the arithmetic  mean. If  the  range of data
   values for an interval is wide, this number will
   be large. As the range decreases, or if the data
   values are more nearly equal, this number will
   be   small.   In   mathematical  notation.
S =•
Y"X 2 /
^ ' I
interval
Exi }2
interval /
n
n - 1
Crteria Restraints (See Appendix I) — The criteria
   restraints are the set of rules defined by NADB
   which  the  data  must  satisfy before  any
   statistics are calculated  and  listed.
Filu — A file is a set of data.
Geometric  Mean  —  The  geometric  mean  is a
   measure of central tendency. It is the ntn  root
   of the product of n individual data values in an
   interval. In mathematical notation,
                                   Geometric Standard Deviation — The geometric
                                     standard deviation is used as a measure of the
                                     dispersion or spread of the values around the'
                                     geometric mean.  In mathematical notation,
Si = antilog
 G
                                                interval
                                                              n-1

                                                where i = 1,2,. . .,n;Xj = data value.
                                    Interactive — Software programs that allow man-
                                      machine  interface  between  a  user  and the
                                      computer. The user can ask certain questions
                                      of the computer  and  receive  the  answers
                                      immediately.
                                    NADB  —  NADB  is  the acronym for  National
                                      Aerometric Data Bank.
                                    NADBTSO - NADBTSO is the name of the pro-
                                      cedure that will allow the user access to the
                                      National Aerometric Data  Bank.
                                    Remote  Batch — Software that allows  man-
                                      machine  interface  between a  user  and the
                                      computer. The user requests some summariza-
                                      tion task or a list of data values and receives the
                                      output at some later point in time.
                                    SAROAD —  Acronym meaning  Storage  and
                                      Retrieval of Aerometric  Data.
             n
           interval x;
    = antilog
if.  ^      InX:
n  \ interval         ',
           where i  = 1,2,. . ., n; X: = data value.
                                            5.0.1

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                                 10/15/73
APPENDICES
    6.0.1

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                                                                                    10/15/73
       I. CRITERIA RESTRAINTS OF THE NADB FOR AVERAGING
   In order to assume some integrity of the values,
summary  statistics are  automatically  not
calculated unless the data meet certain minimum
criteria.  These criteria  guarantee a  minimum
number of samples that are distributed through-
out the time period.

   1.  Continuous  data — Currently these are  1-
      hour data, 2-hour  data, and 4-hour  data.
      a. No  quarterly  statistics  are  constructed
        unless 75 percent of the individual values
        are  present.
      b.  No  yearly  statistics  are  constructed
        unless 75 percent of the individual values
        are  present.

  2. Daily data (24-hour sampling interval)  —
     Thedaily data are usually generated on a ran-
     dom or systematic schedule; thus a straight
     percentage is not  possible. The following
     criteria  are based on the old National Air
     Surveillance   Network's  schedule  of  26
     samples per  year.
   a. No quarterly statistics are constructed
     unless  there  are a  minimum  of  five
     samples per quarter. A second constraint
     is that if one month has no values, there
     must be at least two values in each of the
     other two months. To reword these cri-
     teria, we are excluding data  for which
     there are  no samples in  each  of  two
     months and five or more in the third, and
     for which there are  no samples in one
     month, one sample in another, and  four
     or more in the third.
  b.  No yearly statistics are constructed unless
    all four quarters in the year meet criteria.
3. Monthly data -
  a. No quarterly  statistics  are  constructed
    unless two months have values.
  b.  No yearly statistics are constructed unless
    all four quarters meet criteria.
4. Quarterly  data  —  No yearly statistics are
   constructed  unless  all  four  quarters are
   present.
Appendices
                                    6.1.1

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                                                                                   10/15/73
                H.  ADDRESSES FOR THE REGIONAL OFFICES
 F;egion I
 ^ohn F. Kennedy Federal Bldg.
 F'oom 2303
 E'OSton, Massachusetts 02203
     Phone:614-223-7210
     Connecticut, Maine, Mass.,
     New Hampshire, Rhode Island
     Vermont

 Fegion II
 26 Federal Plaza
 F oom 2525
 Mew York, New York 10007
     Phone:212-264-2525
     New Jersey, New York,
     Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands

 Fegion III
 Curtis Building
 6th and Walnut Streets
 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
     Phone: 215-597-4506
     Delaware, District of
     Columbia, Maryland,
     Pennsylvania, Virginia,
     W. Virginia

 Fegion IV
 S uite 300
 1421 Peachtree Street
 Atlanta, Georgia 30309
     Phone: 404-526-5727
     Alabama,  Florida, Georgia,
     Mississippi, Kentucky,
     N.Carolina, S. Carolina, Tennessee

 Region V
 1 North Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606
    Phone: 312-353-5250
    Illinois, Indiana,
    Minnesota, Michigan,
    Ohio, Wisconsin

Region VI
1600 Patter sen Street
Suite 1100
Dallas, Texas 75201
    Phone:214-749-1962
    Arkansas, Louisiana, N. Mexico,
    Oklahoma, Texas

Region VI i
1735 Baltimore Avenue
Kansas City, Missouri 64108
    Phone:816-374-5493
    Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska

Region VIII
1860 Lincoln Street
Denver, Colorado 80203
    Phone:303-837-3895
    Colorado, Montana, N. Dakota,
    South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming

Region IX
100 California  Street
San Francisco, California 94111
    Phone:415-556-2320
    Arizona, California, Hawaii,
    Nevada, Guam, American Samoa

Region  X
12006th Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98101
    Phone:206-442-1200
    Washington, Oregon, Idaho,
    Alaska
Appendices
                                       6.2.1

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                                                                   10/15/73
              ffl. TYPEWRITER TERMINAL KEYBOARDS
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Appendices
6.3.1

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                                                                                 10/15/73
    IV.   SAROAD  TERMINAL  USERS  MANUAL  REQUEST FORM
   Please add my name to the list of persons to receive manual updates.

NAM £:____________	
ADDRESS:,
   If the above entry is to replace someone currently on the mailing list, please enter the name and address
o1 the "old" manual owner.
NAME:.
ADDRESS:
   This forrr. allow; MS to !T^"!P Perk  North C.^rolir i 277V
Appendices                                                                            6.4.1

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 BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA
 SHEET
1. Report No.
 EPA-450/2-73-004
                                                                      3. Recipient's Accession No.
4. Title and Subtitle
   SAROAD  Terminal User's  Manual
                                                 5. Report Date
                                                   10/73   Issued
                                                                      6.
7. Author(s)
  Carolyn  P.  Chamblee  -  Gerald J.  Nehls
                                                 8- Performing Organization Rept.
                                                   No.
9. Performing Organization Name and Address
   Environmental Protection Agency
   National  Air Data  Branch
   Research  Triangle  Park, N.C.   27711
                                                 10. Pro|ect/Task/Work Unit No.

                                                    SAROAD	
                                                 11. Contract/Grant No.
12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address
    Environmental Protection Agency
    Office  of Air Quality Planning and Standards
    Research Triangle  Park, N.C.   27711
                                                 13. Type of Report & Period
                                                    Covered

                                                    Final  1973
                                                 14.
15. Supplementary Notes
16. Abstracts
        The SAROAD Terminal User's  Manual  is  an instructional manual  for accessing
   the National Aerometric Data  Bank via a  computerized  system, NADBTSO.  Sample
   interactive sessions  and sample  reports  are given in  each section  of the manual

         Information  available  through the  system is quarterly and yearly frequency
   distributions, raw  data listings, data  and site inventories, special reports
   on the criteria pollutants, and  various  summary statistics.
17. K?y Words and Document Analysis.  17o. Descriptors

   Computer
   Information System
   Computerized Retrieval  System
   Interactive Computer System
   Ambient  Air
   Air  Pollution
   Frequency Distributions
   Quarterly Frequencies
   Yearly Frequencies

17b. IJentifiers/Open-Ended Terms
      NADB
      SAROAD
      NADBTSO
17e. COSATI Field/Group
                       Pollutant
                       Criteria Pollutants
                       Non-Criteria  Pollutants
18. Availability Statement

    Unlimited
                                     19. Security Class (This
                                        Report)
                                          UNCLA
                                                          20. Security Class (This
                                                             Page
                                                          	UNCLASSIFIED
21. No. of Pages
    87
                                                           22. Price
FORM KTIS-35 (REV. 3-72)
                                                                                USCOMM-OC M952-P72

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   INSTRUCTIONS  FOR  COMPLETING FORM  NTIS-35 (10-70) (Bibliographic Data Sheet based on COSATI
   Guidelines to Format Standards for Scientific and Technical Reports  Prepared by or for the Federal  Government,
   PB-180 600).

   1.   Report Kumber.  Each individually bound report shall carry a unique alphanumeric designation selected by  the performing
       organization or provided by the sponsoring organization.  Use uppercase letters and Arabic numerals only,   Examples
       FASEB-NS-87 and FAA-RD-68-09.

   2.   Leave blank.

   3.  Recipient's Accession Number.  Reserved for use by each report recipient.

   4.  Title and Subtitle,  Title should indicate clearly  and briefly the  subject coverage of the report, and be displayed promi-
      nently.  Set subtitle,  if used, in smaller type or otherwise subordinate it to  mam title.  When a repo.t is prepared tn  more
      than one volume, repeat the primary title, add volume number and include subtitle for the specific volume,

   5.  Report Dote. I ach report shall carry a date indicating at least month and year.  Indicate the basis or which it  was selected
       (e.g., date of tssue, date of approval,  date of preparation.


   6.  Performing Organization Code.  Leave blank.

   7.  Author(s),   Give name{s} in conventional order  {e.g., John P. Doc,  or J.Robert Doe).  List author';, affiliation sf it differs
      from the performing  organization.

   8.  Performing Organization Report Number.   Insert if performing orgam/ation wishes to assign this nunocr.

   9.  Performing Orgam zation Nome and Addres s.  Give name,  street, c. ity, state, and zip t ode.  List no more than two levels of
      an organizational  hierarchy.  Display the name  of the organization exactly as it shouKi appear in Go/ernment indexes such
      as  USCRDR-I.

  10.  Project/Task/Work  Unit Number.  Use the project, task and work unit numbers  under which the.  repor. was prepared.

  11.  Contract/Grant Number.   Insert contract  or grant number under which report v-as pn pared.

  12-  Sponsoring Agency Name and Address-  !n< lu.lr  /MO code

  13*  Type of Report and  Period  Covered^  Indi, ate interim, final, etc., and , if apphc. able , dates  covered.

  14.  Sponsoring Agency Code.   Leave blank.

  15.  Supplementary Notes.   tnter  information not included  else wh^ f_  but useful,  ;uch as-  E'reparte1  IP cooperation  with . .  .
      ^-anslancr. A  , .  ,  IV seated a: contt rc-ict- ot  - .   To K- r-ubh*. he<4  n       S.p.-r.-, ,!<. • . .         Supplements . . .

  16.  Abstract.   Include a brief  (JOG words nr less) factual summary of the most -. .^rnf scant  information  i-mamed  n the report.
      If the report contains  a significant bibliography or httrature survey  mention i  here.

  !?.  i\oy Words and Document Analysis,  (a).   3e*cnp r^t»..   S^,t  ;  IIC.FSI  u   "-,.-. \> > ^-  ,  '  £, ...et-i a,j ,ui-   ri^,ui ;   It-imb the
      proper dutrujii.'iM  ten.ib  thai ,d^:r..ty : r.e  nu,ur ^ ,  i-.t-pt  o: *h •  '••*.<-t , ii ,, r J  „•   -u^t » -r\"  spr .  fu  in>  irf -&t  LO ne  use-i
      as  mdtx entrie'- for cataloging.
      /D'I,   Identifiers and Open-Ended  Te«rn«.   ''  i*  dt  ntif irrs ; •,, f. n >•••-  n,. m --    dt.  ,Mmc s, "OL pmcnt dcsign^tois,  etc.  J;s'-
      oper-e'ided terms  written m de -..-•• ip,or form fat thine sub K '.' ~, '^' *hi .h  - •  ,- ".'1-^01 -lx .ts.
  19 & 20. Security Classification.  Do not submit classified reports  to the National Techr-ical

  21. Number of Pages.   Insert rhe total  number ot  pagt-s,  mclud;i.f  -his of.e  and !.n^umb<'rrd pages, but  excluding distribution
      hst, if any.

  22   Price.  Insert the price set by the  National Technical Inf^smation Service or the Government Prmtng Offict-, if known.
FORM NTIS-35 IREV. 3-72)
                                                                                                            USCIOMM-OC I4982-P72

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