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2.6.11 Using population data and annual VOC emission estimates
for structure fires in the inventory area, express VOC
emissions on a per capita basis. Report if the value
falls, within the defined range, and check the
appropriate box.
2.6.12 Using population data and annual VOC emission estimates
for pesticide application in the inventory area,
express VOC emissions on a per capita basis. Report
the per capita factor in the comments column, determine
if the value is greater than the identified value, and
mark the appropriate box.
a. 6. 11
2.6.12
Are annual VOC emission estimates from structure fires between
0.07 and 1.3 Ibs/person?
Are annual VOC emission estimates from pesticide application
greater than 0.4 Ibs/year/person?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
tls.OAla
4-13
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4.5 Area On-Road Mobile Sources
The completeness and procedural checks for area on-road
mobile sources focus primarily on the usage of MOBILE4.1 and
how input parameters for the model were derived. The
consistency checks represent nationally-based comparison
values for the key mobile source parameters such as vehicle
miles travelled (VMT), speed, and temperature.
Table A-2. Level II Quality Review Checklist
Question Instructions
2.7 COMPLETENESS CHECKS - AREA ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
2.7.1 The reviewer should examine the inventory documentation
for the modeling exercise to determine if the source of
information for the key model inputs listed is
explained. If the source of the value used for the
listed parameter is not explained, the question for
that parameter should be answered "No."
2.7
2.7.1
COMPLETENESS CHECKS-AREA ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
Is information provided to document how each of the following
MOB I LEA. 1 inputs was derived?
- tampering rates
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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4-19
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2.7.2
2.7.3
The documentation for the mobile source inventory
should contain VMT estimates for each county in the
inventory area by vehicle class and road type. The
eight highway vehicle classes are:
- light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGV)
- light-duty gasoline trucks up to 6000 Ibs
(LDGT1)
- light-duty gasoline trucks from 6000-8500 Ibs
(LDGT2)
- heavy-duty gasoline vehicles (HDGV)
- light-duty diesel vehicles (LDDV)
- light-duty diesel trucks (LDDT)
- heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDV)
- motorcycles (MC)
The road types are
Urban
interstate
other freeways
other principal
arterial
minor arterial
collector
local
as follows:
Rural
interstate
other principal
arterial
minor arterial
major collector
minor collector
local
If VMT data are missing for any vehicle class or road
type, answer the question "No," unless the
documentation clearly shows that certain vehicle
classes or road types were not applicable to the
inventory area.
The methodology and calculations used to estimate VMT
on local functional systems within the FAUA area should
be documented in the inventory report. VMT reported to
HPMS for local functional systems are not generally
based on the same collection methods used for other
functional systems and therefore the inventory report
must indicate the procedures used to collect this
information.
2.7.2
2.7.3
Are estimates of vehicles miles travelled (VMT) provided that
are:
- road- type specific?
- vehicle-type specific?
Are methodology and calculations used to estimate VMT on the
local functional system documented in the SIP?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
tls.OAla
4-20
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2.7.4 If an urban transportation planning model was used, the
reviewer should check that the boundaries of the
transportation network have been clearly defined in the
inventory documentation.
2.7.5 If urban areas are sampled individually under the HPMS
program, the reviewer should check that VMT data for
the inventory area have been included for: each volume
group within all sampled functional systems within the
Federal Aid Urbanized Area (FAUA); for local functional
systems within the FAUA but not specifically sampled
through HPMS; and for functional systems outside of the
FAUA but within the inventory area. The FAUA is the
area within the boundary jointly developed by state and
local officials and approved by the Department of
Transportation Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to
serve the federal aid highway program needs and
requirements.
2.8 PROCEDURES CHECKS- AREA ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
2.8.1 The reviewer should examine the MOBILE4.1 documentation
and determine if MOBILE4.1 default values for tampering
rates were used to run the model or whether site-
specific tampering information was used.
2.8.2 If Question 2.8.1 is answered "No," the reviewer should
check to ensure that the alternative tampering rate
data were reviewed and approved for use by the EPA.
The documentation for the MOBILE4.1 runs should
describe the basis and source of the rates and if the
EPA has approved them for use in MOBILE4.1.
2.7.4
2.7.5
2.8
2.8.1
2. S. 2
If an urban transportation planning model was used, have the
boundaries of the transportation network been clearly defined in
the documentation?
If urban areas are sampled separately, does the HPMS -based SIP
estimate include VMT on all of the following?
-Each volume group within all sampled functional systems within
the Federal Aid Urbanized Area (FAUA);
-Interstates
PROCEDURES CHECKS - AREA ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
Were M08IIE4.1 defaults for tampering rates used?
If alternative tampering rate values were used, did the EPA
review and approve the survey on which the data were based?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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4-21
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2.8.3a The EPA strongly recommends using the MOBILE4.1 annual
mileage accumulation rates by age. If the MOBILE4.1
rates were used, MYMRFG will be either 1 or 3.
2.8.3b The EPA encourages and recommends the use of area- or
State-specific registration distributions by age. If
specific registration distribution information was
used, MYMRFG will be either 3 or 4. In the comments
.column, indicate if the registration distribution was
area- or State-specific. Also, indicate if a calendar
year other than 1990 was used.
2.8.4 The reviewer should check the MOBILE4". 1 inputs
documentation to determine if the MOBILE4.1 default
values were used for the vehicle operating mode
fractions or were site-specific values applied. The
default values are as follows:
- percent of VMT by non-catalyst vehicles in
the cold-start mode (PCCN) = 20.6%
- percent of VMT by catalyst-equipped vehicles
in the hot-start mode (PCHC) - 27.3%
- percent of VMT by catalyst-equipped vehicles
in the cold-start mode (PCCC) = 20.6%
If any one of the defaults was not Used, answer the
question "No", and describe the site-specific operating
mode data used in the comments column.
2.8.5 EPA guidance recommends that the default MOBILE4.1
basic emission rate equations be used. If alternate
equations were used (NEWFLG=2), justification for the
alternate equations should be provided. If alternate
equations were used, indicate if EPA was contacted for
guidance.
2.8.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
a. Were MOBILE4.1 annual mileage accumulation rates by age used
(MYMRFG= 1 OP 3)7
b. Were calendar year 1990 area- or State-specific registration
distributions by age used (MYMRFG" 3 or 4)?
Were the M08ILE4.1 default values used to define percent of VMT
by operating mode?
Were MOBILE4.1 basic emission rates used (NEUFLG=D?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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4-22
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2.8.6 The hydrocarbon emission factors should be calculated
as volatile organic compounds (VOC's). The flag NMHFLG
should equal 3. If a different emission factor was
( chosen (NMHFLG=1/ 2, 4, or 5) , the rationale for that
choice should be documented. The hydrocarbons included
in the MOBILE4.1 emission factors should be consistent
with the remaining inventory portions (stationary and
non-road mobile sources).
2.8.7 The reviewer should examine the VMT documentation to
determine how VMT estimates were developed if the
transportation network input to the urban
transportation planning model did not include all roads
in the inventory area. If no documentation or
explanation is provided for these VMT estimates, check
the "No" box.
2.8.8 If the inventory area is larger than the FAUA, the
inventory report must indicate how VMT data were
developed for roads outside of the FAUA. The preparing
agency has different options for preparing these data.
Two specific options are listed under this checklist
question and the reviewer should check the appropriate
box if either method was used. If another method was
used, the reviewer should check the "Yes" box for
"another method," and give a brief description of the
method used, and the page number(s) in the inventory
report where it appears, under the comments column.
2.8.6
2.8.7
2.8.3
What were the hydrocarbon (HC) emission factors used calculated
as?
-total HC (THC) (NMHFLG=1);
Where applicable, does the documentation describe how VMT
estimates were developed if the transportation network input to
the urban transportation model did not include rural and/or all
urban roads in the inventory area?
Is the inventory area larger than the FAUA?
If the answer to question 2.8.8 was "yes," how was VMT on roads
outside the FAUA but inside the inventory area estimated?
-Applied a state- or county-specific estimate of travel per mile
of roadway to the mileage of roads outside the FAUA;
-Travel outside the FAUA is primarily rural. Applied VMT per
roadway mile from other purely rural counties to estimate the
VMT;
-Another method.
YES
MO
COMMENTS
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4-23
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2.8.9 Review the procedures for estimating VMT in the
inventory report to determine if the factors used'to
expand the HPMS sample segment data into VMT estimates
for the FAUA are documented either in the SIP or in a
reference. The expansion factors should be provided
for each facility class/volume group.
2.8.10 Traffic volume counts can vary due to seasonal and
daily variations in traffic flow. The inventory report
should indicate the methods and factors used to adjust
traffic volume counts on sample segments for seasonal,
daily, or hourly variations.
2.8.11 Under the HPMS program, traffic counts are conducted so
that each sample segment is counted every 3 years. For
a given year, adjustments have to be made for sample
segments not actually counted in that year. The
inventory report should indicate how these counts were
adjusted for the appropriate year.
2.8.9
2.8.10
2.8.11
Are the factors used to expand the HPMS segment data into FAUA
VMT estimates by facility class/volume group listed in the SIP
OP is a reference given for the information?
Are the methods and factors used to adjust counts on sample
segments for month, day- of -week, and/or hour -of -day documented
in the SIP?
Are the methods and factors used to adjust counts on sample
segments not actually counted in a given year documented in the
SIP?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
4-24
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2.9 CONSISTENCY CHECKS - AREA ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
2.9.1 The reviewer should check the MOBILE4.1 inputs for
speed to ensure that values between 2.5 and 65 miles
per hour (the range of MOBILE4.1 acceptability) were
used. If a value out of this range was used, answer
the question "No" and indicate in the comments column
what speeds were used, the road/vehicle type
combination, they were used for, and the justification
for these speed.
2.9.2 The reviewer first needs to determine the urban area
VMT apportionment by road type in each county on a
percentage basis. Once the apportionments are
calculated, the reviewer should compare the figures, by
each of the eight road types, to the values listed in
the checklist. If the calculated value is outside of
the stated range, answer the question "No" and indicate
in the comments column what the calculated
apportionment was. If VMT data were not provided in
the inventory, or if they were provided but not by road
type, answer the question "No" and indicate such in the
comments column.
2.9
2.9.1
2.9.2
CONSISTENCY CHECKS
Were the average assumed speeds between 2.5 and 65 mph?
Was the VMT by road type apportionment within the following
ranges?
- Interstate: Between 6.5 and 19.5 percent of total VMT?
- Other Freeway and Expressway: Between 0 and 9.0 percent of
total VMT?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
-
tla.OAla
4-25
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2.9.3 The reviewer should calculate the ratio of VMT per
person per year for the inventory area. If more than
one county is represented in the inventory, the ratio
should be the sum of VMT in all the counties divided by
the sum of population in all of the counties. If this
ratio is outside of the range 5,700 - 12,810, answer
the question "No" and enter the calculated range in the
comments column. If VMT data are not given in the
inventory, answer the question "No" and state in the
comments column that there were no VMT data.
2.9.4 The reviewer should calculate the annual ratio of total
VMT to total gallons of gasoline sold in the inventory
area. If more than one county is represented in the
inventory, the ratio should be the sum of VMT in all
counties divided by the sum of gasoline sales in all of
the counties. If the ratio is outside of the range
14.6 - 24.4, answer the question "No" and enter the
calculated ratio in the comments column.
VMT data should be present in the inventory
documentation. If VMT data are not given in the
inventory, answer the question "No" and state in the
comments column that there were no VMT data.
Gasoline sales or throughput data should be available
in the inventory documentation in either the mobile
sources discussion or the vehicle refueling emissions
discussion. If gasoline sales data are not available
in the inventory, the reviewer has several options.
First, the data shown in Table 4-2 could be used. The
reviewer would need to pro-rate the state gasoline data
down to the county level using population. The
calculation would be:
(nonattainment area population/state population) x
state gasoline sales data
If this approach is not acceptable, the reviewer should
contact the individual State's transportation
department or other similar governmental agency to
obtain county-specific fuel sales data.
2.9.3
2.9.4
Is the calculated index of VMT/person within the 5,700 to 12,310
range?
Is the calculated annual index of VMT/gal gasoline sold within
the range of 14.6 to 24.4?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
tla.OAla
4-26
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TABLE 4-2.
VEHICLE REGISTRATION AND GASOLINE SALES DATA FOR USE IN
COMPLETING THE AREA HIGHWAY MOBILE SOURCES CHECKLIST (1990)
STATE
ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
OREGON
PENNSYLVANIA
RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN
WYOMING
POPULATION
(1,000)
4,102
524
3,489
' 2,395
28,314
3,301
3,233
660
617
12,335
6,342
1,098
1,003
11,614
5,556
2,834
2,495
3,727
4,408
1,205
4,622
5,889
9,240
4,307
2,620
5,141
805
1,602
1,054
1,085
7,721
1,507
17,909
6,489
667
10,855
3,242
2,767
12,001
993
3,470
713
4,895
16,841
1,690
557
6,015
4,648
1,876
4,855
479
REGISTERED
VEHICLES
3,623,204
363,743
2,775,270
1,433,068
21,671,133
3,153,838
2,651,143
521,591
258,934
11,206,904
5,270,487
736,393
1,039,045
8,021,695
4,322,302
2,583,270
1,986,647
2,843,033
2,976,097
939,301
3,527,427
3,804,458
7,138,583
3,283,292
1,867,081
3,843,982
741,197
1,361,724
825,723
935,642
5,636,330
1,294,521
10,020,539
5,113,224
636,195
9,513,918
2,568,454
2,378,751
7,909,379
670,576
2,468,940
705,386
4,315,702
12,564,555
1,174,861
461,604
4,859,728
4,090,130
1,213,950
3,471,008
486,589
HWY GAS USE
(1,000 gal)
2,057,276
202,140
1,699,692
1,220,757
12,976,069
1,478,994
1,345,656
336,356
174,476
5,820,715
3,465,714
363,488
444,541
4,833,140
2,569,801
1,313,760
1,225,814
1,792,234
1,912,341
577,162
2,031,230
2,419,503
4,186,173
1,954,397
1,191,665
2,658,835
408,306
732,718
610,027
514,367
3,392,373
784,541
5,540,917
3,216,720
319,170
4,807,968
1,591,489
1,318,093
4,554,640
366,267
1,737,485
359,096
2,495,173
8,330,547
723,385
270,460
2,950,255
2,238,540
804,934
2,014,618
298,435
4-27
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4.6 Area Non-Road Mobile Sources
Table A-2 - Level II Quality Review Checklist
Question Instructions
2.10 COMPLETENESS CHECKS - AREA NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
2.10.1 Within line haul operations, there are three classes of
railroads: Class I., II, and III. Emission estimates
from each class should be included. Classes II and III
will typically be combined.
2.10.2 There are two types of railroad operation: line haul
and yard. Emission estimates for each type of railroad
operation should be included.
2.10
2.10.1
2.10.2
COMPLETENESS CHECKS
Are emissions from alt of the following classes of railroad
included?
a. Class I
b. Class II
c. Class III
Are emissions reported for the two types of railroad operation?
a. Line Haul
b. Yard
YES
MO
COMMENTS
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4-28
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2.10.3 Aircraft emissions should be estimated for several
categories, if operation within those categories
occurred in the inventory area. The categories that
should be addressed are commercial, general aviation,
air taxi, and military aircraft.
2.11 PROCEDURES CHECKS - AREA NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
For aircraft and locomotive categories, complete
questions 2.11.31 through 2.11.38. For all other
non-road engine and vehicle categories complete
- question 2.11.1 through 2.11.30.
2.11.1
Emissions estimates for non-road engine and vehicle
categories (excluding aircraft, locomotives, and
commercial marine vessels) were prepared by the EPA for
specific nonattainment areas as part of the Non-Road
Engine and Vehicle Emission Study - Report (EPA-21A-
2001, November 1991) . These estimates were revised by
the EPA in June 1992, and made available to state
agencies for use in the 1990 base year SIP inventory.
A partial listing of the areas for which the EPA
prepared revised emission estimates for non-road
categories is provided below. The reviewer should
check the list below to determine if the nonattainment
area in question was included in this study. The
reviewer should check with the EPA's Office of Mobile
Sources (OMS) for the final listing of non-road study
areas if the area in review does not appear on this
preliminary list.
Anchorage/AK
Baltimore/MD
Beaumont-Port Arthur/TX
Boston-Lawrence-Worcester/MA
Chicago-Gary-Lake Co/IL-IN-UI
Denver-Boutder/CO
Hartford-Mew 8ritain-Middletown-Bristol/CT
Houston-Galveston-Brazoria/TX
Las Vegas/NV
MiIwaukee-Racine/VI
Muskegon/MI
Hew York-Northern Mew Jersey-Long Island/NY
Philadelphia-WiImington-Trenton/PA-MJ-OE-MO
Providence/RI
San Oiego/CA
Seattle-Tacoma/QA
South Coast Air Basin/CA
Springfield/MA
Washington/OC-MD-VA
Attanta/GA
Baton Rouge/LA
Cleveland-Akron-Lorain/OH
El Paso/TX
Hi ami-Ft. Lauderdale/FL
Minneapolis-St. Paul/MN
Phoenix/AZ
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester/NH
Provo-Orem/UT
San joaquin Valley/CA
Sheboygan/WI
•MJ-CT Spokane/UA
St. Louis/MO
Tucson/AZ
2.10.3
2.11
2.11.1
Are emissions from the following types aircraft included in the
inventory?
a. Commercial aircraft
b. General aviation aircraft and air taxis
c. Military aircraft
PROCEDURES CHECKS - AREA MOM-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
Did the EPA non-road study include the nonattainment area in
question?
YES
MO
COMMENTS
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4-29
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2.11.2 States have the option of using the emission estimates
prepared by the EPA in the non-road study report
unmodified for the particular nonattainment areas
listed. The inventory report should clearly identify
for what areas, if any, the EPA-prepared estimates were
used unmodified,
2.11.3 The non-road study report prepared by the EPA contains
two sets of inventories for non-road engine and vehicle
categories; the study refers to these as Inventory A
and Inventory B. The EPA recommended procedure is to
average the results of the two inventories for each
category and report that average figure in the base
year inventory; however, States have the option of
using one inventory over another for a category, if
justification is given for using that particular
inventory (e.g., data better represents local usage
patterns). For each choice provided under
question 2.11.3, the reviewer should note in the
comments column for what non-road equipment/vehicle
category that particular option was used. In addition,
where the average of Inventories A and B was not used,
the reviewer needs to provide a brief explanation of
why a particular inventory was used and the page number
of the inventory that refers to this explanation.
2.11.2
2.11.3
If so, was the EPA -supplied inventory for the area submitted
without any modifications?
How was the inventory submitted?
-Averaged inventories A and 3.
-Used Inventory A for some equipment types.
-Used Inventory 8 for some equipment types.
YES
NO.
COMMENTS
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2.11.4 If the EPA-supplied inventory from the non-road study
report was not used, or not used in its entirety, the
reviewer needs to check which option was used to
prepare the non-road mobile sources inventory for the
applicable nonattainment area. States were given the
options listed under question 2.11.4 when EPA-supplied
inventories were not used directly. The reviewer
should proceed to that section of the review checklist
that is pertinent to option chosen, as indicated in the
parentheses following the listed option. If the option
was not used, that section of the checklist does not
need to be completed.
MODIFICATIONS TO AN EPA-SUPPLIED INVENTORY
2.11.5 If population estimates were modified, the reviewer
should determine if the estimates for each equipment
category were based on 1990 data. If they were not,
equipment populations should have been adjusted for
growth to 1990. If adjustments to 1990 were made, the
reviewer should briefly indicate in the comments column
how these adjustments were made and the inventory
report page number that refers to these adjustments.
2.11.6 If emission factors were modified, the reviewer should
determine if the new emission factors are based on in-
use emissions. In addition, the reviewer should
indicate in the comments column the reference source(s)
used for the new emission factors and the inventory
report page number that refers to them.
2.11.4
2.11.5
2.11.6
If an EPA-supplied inventory was not used in its entirety, how
was the inventory for the area compiled?
-Modified the EPA-supplied inventory (complete questions 2.11.5
and 2.11.6)
-Adjustments to an EPA-supplied inventory for another area
(complete questions 2.11.7 to 2.11.9)
-Created a new inventory using the EPA non-road study
methodology (complete questions 2.11.10 to 2.11.14)
-Followed the 1989 version of Volume IV. This method is
considered to be inferior to the other methods, and its use is
discouraged. For Moderate areas, applying a population
adjustment to an inventory for another area is the preferred
method (complete questions 2.11.15 to 2.11.38)
If population estimates were modified, were estimates for each
equipment category based on 1990 data?
If not, were equipment populations adjusted for growth to 1990?
If emission factors are modified, are the new emission factors
based on in-use emissions?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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4-31
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ADJUSTMENTS TO AN INVENTORY FOR ANOTHER AREA
2.11.7 The reviewer should determine the inventory which was
adjusted to make the inventory under review. This
information should be provided in the review in the
form of a simple, declarative statement.
2.11.8 The reviewer should determine which EPA-supplied
inventory was adjusted: the average of Inventories A
and B, Inventory A, or Inventory B. It is possible
that the preparing agency used more than one approach
depending on the non-road vehicle or equipment
category. If this was done, the reviewer should
indicate in the comments column for each approach
selected, the vehicle/equipment categories for which
that approach was used. The reviewer should also
provide the page number of the inventory report that
refers the explanation for choosing the applicable
approach.
2.11.9 The preparing agency should have used a population
adjustment factor in order to modify the non-road
emission estimates in the EPA-supplied inventory. The
reviewer should determine if this factor has been
listed in the inventory report. In addition, under the
comments column, the reviewer should indicate the
population of the inventory area, the population for
the EPA-studied area, the source of the population
data, and the page number of the inventory report that
refers to this information.
YES
NO
COMMENTS
ADJUSTMENTS TO AN INVENTORY FOR ANOTHER AREA
2.11.7
2.11.8
2.11.9
Does the inventory report clearly state which area-specific EPA-
supplied inventory was adjusted?
Which inventory for the area was adjusted?
- The average of inventories A and 8.
- Inventory A for some equipment types.
- Inventory 8 for some equipment types.
Is the population adjustment factor that was applied to that
area's inventory, listed in the inventory report?
tls.OAla
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NEW INVENTORY USING THE EPA NON-ROAD STUDY METHODOLOGY
2.11.10 Where the preparing agency has used the EPA Non-Road
Study Methodology to prepare an entirely new non-road
vehicle and equipment inventory, the reviewer should
check that all the listed categories have been included
in the inventory. For each category included in the
inventory, the reviewer should also indicate, in the
comments column, the page number of the inventory
report where that category's emission estimate is
discussed.
2.11.11 The reviewer should check if equipment populations were
based on data for 1990. If they were not, the reviewer
should determine if they were adjusted for growth to
1990. If equipment populations were adjusted to 1990,
the reviewer should briefly describe, under the
comments column, how the adjustment was made and the
page number of the inventory report that refers to this
adjustment.
2.11.12 The reviewer should check if equipment category
emission factors are based on in-use emissions.
2.11.13 The reviewer should check if the seasonal adjustment
factors are listed in the inventory report.
2.11.14 The reviewer should indicate if the inventory report
describes how seasonal adjustment factors were
determined and justified. The reviewer should briefly
describe, under the comments column, the use of
seasonal adjustment factors and the page number of the
inventory report that refers to these factors.
YES
NO
COMMENTS
MEW INVENTORY USING THE EPA NON-ROAD STUDY METHODOLOGY
2.11.10
2.11.11
2.11.12
2.11.13
2.11.14
Are emissions from ail of the following non-road equipment
categories included in the inventory?
•Lawn and Garden Equipment
-Industrial Equipment
For each equipment category, were population estimates based on
data fop 1990?
If not, were equipment populations adjusted for growth to 1990?
Were the equipment category emission factors based on in-use
emissions?
Are seasonal adjustment factors listed in the inventory reoort?
Does the inventory report describe how seasonal adjustment
factors were determined and justified?
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NEW INVENTORY FROM 1989 VERSION OF VOLUME IV
2.11.15 If agricultural activities occur within the inventory
area boundaries, emission estimates should be developed
for agricultural equipment. If the inventory submittal
states that no agricultural activities take place
within the inventory area, then the reviewer should not
check either the "Yes" or "No" box but instead write
"N/A - no agricultural activities" in the comments
column of questions 2.11.15 through 2.11.17 and
reference the page number(s) in the report where that
information is documented. If the report simply does
not discuss emissions from agricultural equipment and
does not provide rationale for why emissions should not
be included, then the reviewer should check the "No"
box and write "no estimate/no discussion" in the
comments column of questions 2.11.15 through 2.11.17.
If emission estimates are provided for agricultural
equipment, review the documentation supporting the
inventory submittal and determine if equipment
populations were determined from data in Census of
Agriculture. Denote in the comments column the report
page number(s) where the information is documented. If
the documentation does not specify how equipment
population was derived, check the "No" box.
2.11.16 Review the documentation supporting the inventory and
determine if an estimate of the number of cultivated
acres in each of the counties in the inventory area was
used to apportion agricultural equipment fuel use.
Denote in the comments column the report page number(s)
where the information is documented.
2.11.17 Check the summary tables and determine if estimates of
all three pollutants are included.
YES
NO
COMMENTS
NEW INVENTORY FROM 1989 VERSION OF VOLUME IV
2.11.15
2.11.16
2.11.17
Was information on the population of agricultural equipment
items within the inventory area collected using data from the
Census of Agriculture?
Was the number of acres cultivated in each county in the
inventory area used to apportion agricultural equipment fuel
use?
Were VOC, CO and NOX emission estimates derived for the
agricultural equipment category?
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2.11.18 Review the procedures and supporting documentation and
determine if emissions were calculated separately for
each of the different construction equipment types and
fuel types. Denote in the comments column the report
page number(s) where the information is documented. If
the documentation is insufficient to determine if
emissions were calculated separately, check the "No"
box.
2.11.19 Review the documentation supporting the inventory and
determine if an estimate of the number of employees in
SIC 10-14, 20-39, and 50-51 was used as the basis for
apportioning the number of industrial engines to the
inventory area level. Denote in the comments column
the report page number(s) where the information is
documented. If a different approach was used for
deriving emissions from industrial engines, check the
"No" box and briefly describe the approach. If the
report does not discuss emissions from industrial
engines and does not provide an explanation of why such
emissions do not occur in the inventory area, then the
reviewer should check the "No" box and write "no
estimate/no discussion" for questions 2.11.19 and
2.11.20.
2.11.20 Determine if emissions (VOC, CO,and NOX) were
calculated separately for each of the listed engine
types.
a. 11. is
2.11.19
2.11.20
Were emission calculations performed separately for the
following equipment types?
- Tracklaying tractors (diesel)
- Tracklaying loaders (diesel)
Were local employment statistics for SIC codes 10-14, 20-39, and
50-51 used to estimate the number of industrial engines in use
in the inventory area?
Were VOC, CO and NO- emission calculations performed for the
following industrial engine categories?
- Heavy duty diesel
- Heavy duty gasoline
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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2.11.21 Review the inventory document and determine if the
number of non-road motorcycles was estimated using the
approach described in the procedures manual which uses
motorcycle registration as a surrogate parameter.
Denote in the comments column the report page number(s)
where the information is documented. If a different
approach was used for deriving emissions from non-road
motorcycles check the "No" box and briefly describe the
approach. If the report does not discuss emissions
from non-road motorcycles and does not provide
rationale explaining why such emissions do not occur in
the inventory area then the reviewer should check the
"No" box and write "no estimate/no discussion" for
questions 2.11.19 and 2.11.20.
2.11.22 Check the summary tables and determine if estimates of
all three pollutants are included.
2.11.23 Determine if the NEDS Fuel Use Report was used to
estimate the quantity of fuel used in lawn and garden
equipment. Denote in the comments column the report
page number(s) where the information is documented. If
a different source was used as the basis for estimating
fuel use, check the "No" box and identify the
alternative source. If the report does not discuss
emissions from lawn and garden equipment and does not
provide a rationale for why emissions should not be
estimated, then the reviewer should check the "No" box
and write "no estimate/no discussion" for questions
2.11.23 through 2.11.26.
2.11.24 Determine if separate fuel use estimates were developed
for different small engine types (2-cycle and 4-cycle).
(Note: the EPA-recommended apportionment factor is
93 percent of total lawn and garden fuel consumed in
4-cycle engines, the remainder in 2-cycle).
2.11.25 Determine if emissions (VOC, CO,and NOX) were
calculated separately for each of the listed engine
types.
2.11.21
2.11.22
2.11.23
2.11.24
2.11.25
Were non-road motorcycle count estimates based on the number of
motorcycles registered for on-road use?
Were VOC, CO and NOX emission calculations performed for non-
road motorcycle use?
Was the NEDS Fuel Use Report used to estimate the amount of fuel
used annually in lawn and garden equipment?
Was lawn and garden fuel use apportioned by small engine type
(2-cycle and 4-cycle)?
Were VOC, CO and NOX emissions calculated for each lawn and
garden engine type?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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2.11.26 Review the calculational procedures and documentation
and determine if emission estimates for lawn and garden
equipment were adjusted to reflect seasonal activity.
Denote in the comments column the report page number(s)
where the information is documented, and the seasonal
adjustment factor used.
2.11.27 Review the documentation supporting the inventory and
determine if state-wide recreational boat registration
data were used as the basis for estimating fuel
consumption by pleasure boats. Denote in the comments
column the report page number(s) where the information
is documented. If a different approach was used, check
the "No" box and briefly describe the approach.
If the inventory report does not discuss emissions from
recreational boats and does not provide a rationale for
why emissions should not be estimated, then the
reviewer should check the "No" box and write "no
estimate/no discussion" for questions 2.11.27 and
2.11.28.
2.11.28 Determine if recreational boat activity was apportioned
to the inventory area level based on water surface
area. (Note: the EPA recommended approach is described
in Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation
Volume IV. page 7-5.) Denote in the comments column
the report page number(s) where the information is
documented. If a different approach was used, check
the "No" box and briefly describe the approach.
2.11.29 Determine if DOE's Energy Data Reports were used to
estimate the quantity of fuel used by commercial marine
vessels. If a different source was used as the basis
for estimating fuel use, check the "No" box and
identify the alternative source. If the inventory
report does not discuss emissions from commercial
marine vessels and does not provide a rationale for why
emissions should not be estimated, then the reviewer
should check the "No" box and write "no estimate/no
discussion" for questions 2.11.29 and 2.11.30.
2.11.26
2.11.27
2.T1.28
2.11.29
Were emission estimates from lawn and garden equipment adjusted
to reflect seasonal activity levels?
Was fuel consumption for recreational vehicles based on State-
wide boat registration data?
Were the number of recreational boats (State-wide) apportioned
to the inventory area level based on water surface area?
Were emission estimates for commercial marine vessels based on
quantity of fuel used as recorded in DOE's Energy Data Reports?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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2.11.30 Determine if statistics on marine vessel activity by
port location were derived from Waterborne Commerce of
the US. If a different source was used as the basis
for estimating fuel use, check the "No" box and
identify the alternative source.
2.11.31 The recommended methodology for estimating locomotive
emissions is found in the 1992 version of Volume IV of
the EPA series: Procedures for Emission Inventory
Preparation. If an alternate method was used, describe
the method in the comments column.
2.11.32 Volume IV also provides tailored methods for estimating
emissions: locomotive roster, duty cycle, and SO2.
Check the appropriate box if a tailoring method was
used. The S02 method should not apply to base year
ozone or CO inventories.
2.11.33 The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has developed
a database for estimating aircraft emissions. If the
FAA Aircraft Engine Emission Database (FAEED) was used,
check the "Yes" box.
2.11.34 Volume IV provides default time-in-mode values.
Specific time-in-mode values may be developed to better
characterize local operations. If 'area-specific time-
in-mode values were used, record the source of the data
and the specific modes that were altered.
2.11.30
2.11.31
2.11.32
2.11.33
2.11.34
Were statistics from Waterborne Commerce of the US used to
apportion marine vessel activity by port location?
Was the EPA's recommended methodology used to inventory
locomotive emissions?
If the EPA's recommended methodology was used, were either of
the following EPA tailoring methods used?
a. locomotive roster
b.duty cycle
Was the FAA Aircraft Engine Emissions Database (FAEED) used to
construct the inventory in whole or in part?
Were the aircraft emission factors used in the inventory
calculation:
a. Pre-determined emission factors by landing and takeoff (LTD)
based on default time-in-mode values?
b. Emission factors by LTO based on an evaluation (and possible
adjustment) of each operational mode?
YES
MO
COMMENTS
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2.11.35 Table 5-1 of Volume IV presents default times for
operating modes in landing and takeoff (LTO) cycles.
If alternate times were used, check the "No" column
that corresponds to the mode for which an alternate
time was developed. Generally, the taxi/idle time is
considered the most variable.
2.11.36 For general aviation and air taxi aircraft, individual
aircraft/engine combinations may be difficult to
obtain. A single emission index (by pollutant
category) made up of a representative fleet mix is
presented in Volume IV. If neither of these methods
were used to determine emissions from general aviation
and air taxi aircraft, check the other method column
and describe the method.
2.11.37 For military air bases, fleet make-up and LTO
information may be difficult to obtain. Likely sources
of this information are the Office of the Base
Commander or a centralized Navy or Air Force
environmental support office. If fleet make up and LTO
information was obtained from any other sources, record
the sources in the comments column.
2.11.35
2.11.36
2.11.37
Were default times used for the operating modes in all LTO
cycles?
a. 'approach
b. takeoff
c. climbout
d. taxi/idle
How were emissions from general aviation and air taxi aircraft
determined?
a. Used individual aircraft/engine combinations.
b. Used a single emission index made up of a representative
fleet mix from the guidance document.
c. Other method.
How was information on fleet make up and LTO's for military air
bases obtained?
a. Office of the Base Commander.
b. Centralized support office.
c. Other method.
YES
MO
COMMENTS
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2.11.38 Seasonal or daily variations may also be difficult to
obtain. If seasonal or daily adjustments were made,
check the appropriate box and briefly describe how they
were determined.
2.12 CONSISTENCY CHECKS - AREA NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
2.12.1 Using population data and annual VOC, CO, and NOX
emission estimates for agricultural equipment in the
inventory area, express emissions on a per capita
basis. Report the per capita factors for each VOC, CO,
and NOX in the comments column, determine if the values
fall within the defined ranges, and check the
appropriate box.
2.12.2 Using population data and annual VOC, CO, and NOX
emission estimates for construction equipment in the
inventory area, express emissions on a per capita
basis. Report the per capita factors for VOC, CO, and
NOX in the comments column, determine if the values
fall within the defined ranges, and check the
appropriate box.
2.12.3 Using population data and annual VOC, CO, and NOX
emission estimates for industrial machinery in the
inventory area, express emissions on a per capita
basis. Report the per capita factors for VOC, CO, and
NOX in the comments column, determine if the values
fall within the defined ranges, and check the
appropriate box.
2.11.38
2.12
2.12.1
2.12.2
2.12.3
For any aircraft or airport, were any of the following adjusted
for daily or seasonal variations?
a. Nutter of LTO's
b. Time in approach or climbout modes
c. Taxi/idle times
d. Other.
CONSISTENCY CHECKS - AREA NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
Are annual emission estimates for agricultural equipment:
- between 0.27 and 6.39 Ibs VOC/person?
Are annual emission estimates for non-road construction
equipment:
• between 1.12 and 5.35 Ibs VOC/person?
Are annual emission estimates for industrial machinery:
- between 0.30 and 0.81 Ibs VOC/person?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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2.12.4 Using population data and annual VOC, CO, and NOX
emission estimates for non-road motorcycles in the
inventory area, express emissions on a per capita
basis. Report the per capita factors for VOC, CO, and
NOX in the comments column, determine if the values
fall within the defined ranges, and check the
appropriate box.
2.12.5 Using population data and annual VOC, CO, and NOX
emission estimates for lawn and garden equipment in the
inventory area, express emissions on a per capita
basis. Report the per capita factors for VOC, CO, and
NOX in the comments column, determine if the values
fall within the defined ranges, and check the
appropriate box.
2.12.4
2.12.5
Are annual emission estimates for non-road motorcycles:
- between 0.12 and 0.51 tbs VOC/person?
Are annual emission estimates for lawn and garden equipment:
- between 0.005 and 0.051 Ibs VOC/person?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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5.0 ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES DETAILED REVIEW
5.l Introduction
The purpose of this section is to provide instructions for a
detailed review of on-road mobile source emission estimates. The
detailed review addresses vehicle miles travelled (VMT)
estimation procedures and the development of emission factors
through the use of MOBILE4.1. Since many of the detailed review
checks expand on items from the Level I and Level II reviews, the
reviewer should have completed all the area on-road mobile
sources checklist questions from the Level I and Level II reviews
before proceeding. A blank checklist for performing and
documenting the detailed review of on-road mobile sources is
included in Appendix C, Tables C-l and C-2. The remainder of
this section presents detailed instructions on how to use the
checklist in performing the detailed review.
5.2 Instructions for Completing On-Road Mobile Sources Detailed
Review Checklist
This section contains instructions for completing the on-
road mobile sources detailed review checklist in Appendix C.
Appendix C contains detailed review checklists for VMT estimates
and MOBILE4.1 emission factor calculations in Tables C-l and C-2,
respectively. The instructions are keyed to the checklist
numbering system found in the appendix. The instructions contain
text describing how to use the checklist, and a copy of the
actual checklist questions being described to give the reviewer a
quick reference tool while reading the instructions. If the
guidelines in the instructions are not met by the inventory, or
if documentation is insufficient to determine if guidelines are
met, the box for that question should be checked "No."
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Reviewers should utilize the comments column to describe
specific findings or to qualify their summary findings as deemed
necessary. If additional comment space is required, reviewers
should attach pages as necessary. The reviewer should also
utilize the checklist comments column to list the location (i.e.,
page number[s]) in the inventory document where a particular item
is found or discussed. This page number accounting is important
for two reasons: (1) follow-up comments directed to the
preparing agency should be page number specific, and (2)
successive reviews performed by the EPA can benefit by avoiding
duplicative review efforts necessary to find the specific item in
question. The comments column can also be used to list specific
references related to a checklist item that are cited in the
inventory. These references can then be checked at a later date
if necessary.
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Table C-l. VMT Estimates
All questions in this table should be answered by examining
the inventory report section for VMT estimation, and the
supporting documentation for that section. Some questions
in this table ask whether certain specific data are either
included or referenced in the inventory report; for these
questions, the reviewer should check the "Yes" box if the
information is either provided in the report or clearly
referenced. The reference used should then be indicated in
the comments column.
Question
1.1 AGENCY ROLES
Instructions
1.1.1 The reviewer should note, in the comments column, what
state or local agency was responsible for the functions
indicated in items a through f. The responsible agency
for each of these activities should be indicated in the
inventory report.
1.2 BASE YEAR ESTIMATES
1.2.1 The reviewer should check the space provided for the
VMT method used in preparing the ba'se year inventory,
and indicate the page number(s) in the inventory report
where the method is explained. If "other method" is
checked, the reviewer is asked to briefly explain the
method used in the comments column.
1.1
1.1.1
1.2
1.2.1
AGENCY ROLES
Which state/local agencies were responsible for the following
functions (if applicable)?
a. Traffic counting:
b. Network modeling:
c. Regional growth forecast:
d. Emission factors:
e. HPMS reporting to FHUA:
f. Forecasting from HPMS data:
BASE YEAR ESTIMATES
Which of the fol lowing methods was chosen to estimate base year
(1990) VMT?
_ Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS);
Network-based travel demand model;
HPMS- 1 ike alternative;
Traffic across the boundaries of specific
problem areas;
Other method.
List SIP page numbers that refer to the method:
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.2.2 The inventory report should clearly define the
boundaries of the VMT tracking area. The VMT tracking
area refers to that geographical area that the State
has identified for the purpose of estimating VMT to
meet emission inventory requirements.
1.2.3 The inventory report should indicate how annual VMT was
adjusted for the inventory season. If seasonal
adjustment factors were applied, the reviewer should
check the "Yes" box and briefly describe the factors
used and the page number(s) of the report where they
are explained. If the inventory report has no
discussion of seasonal adjustment factors, the reviewer
should check the "No" box.
1.2.4 The inventory report should contain a discussion of how
VMT was disaggregated among functional systems within
the nonattainment area. The reviewer should briefly
describe the procedure used to make this disaggregation
(e.g., network model) in the comments section, and
indicate the page number(s) of the report where the
procedure is described. If the report contains no
discussion of geographical disaggregation of VMT by
functional system, the reviewer should check the "No"
box.
1.2.5 The reviewer should compare the base year (1990) VMT
estimate contained in the inventory report to the
annual VMT estimate reported by the state under the
requirements of Section 187 of the Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1990. These requirements call on the
states to submit estimates of actual VMT and VMT
forecasts for CO nonattainment areas with a design
value greater than 12.7 ppm, for each year before the
year in which the State Implementation Plan (SIP)
projects the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for
CO to be attained in the area. The VMT estimate
submitted to the EPA under the requirements of
Section 187 for the year 1990 should be consistent with
the estimate provided in the 1990 base year inventory
for the applicable nonattainment areas.
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
Does the inventory report describe the boundaries of the VMT
tracking area?
Does the inventory report describe how annual VMT was adjusted
to get VMT for the appropriate inventory season?
Does the inventory report describe hou VMT was disaggregated
among functional systems?
Is the base year (1990) VMT estimate consistent with the
estimation provided in the annual VMT report required under
Section 187 of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.3 HIGHWAY PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEM (HPMS) METHOD
1.3.1 Not all states base their HPMS VMT estimates on
individual urbanized area sampling. Some states use
collective sampling methods. The reviewer should
indicate if the state sampled individual urbanized
areas separately.
1.3.2 If urban areas are sampled individually under the HPMS
program, the reviewer should check that VMT data for
the inventory area have been included for: each volume
group within all sampled functional systems within the
Federal Aid Urbanized Area (FAUA); for local functional
systems within the FAUA but not specifically sampled
through HPMS; and for functional systems outside of the
FAUA but within the inventory area. The FAUA is the
area within the boundary jointly developed by state and
local officials and approved by the Department of
Transportation Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to
serve the federal aid highway program needs and
requirements.
1.3.3 The reviewer should check to make sure that the number
of volume groups within each functional system is
listed in the SIP.
1.3
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
HIGHWAY PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEM (HPMS) METHOD
Are urban areas in the state sampled separately under HPMS?
If urban areas are sampled separately, does the HPMS -based SIP
estimate include VMT on all of the following?
-Each volume group within all sampled functional systems within
the Federal Aid Urbanized Area (FAUA);
-Interstates
•Other freeways/expressways
-Other principal arterials
-Minor arterials
-Collectors
-The local functional system within the FAUA;
-If the inventory area is larger than the FAUA, VMT on
functional systems outside the FAUA but within the inventory
area.
Is the number of volume groups within each functional system
listed?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.3.4 . The methodology and calculations used to estimate VMT
on local functional systems within the FAUA area should
be documented in the inventory report. VMT reported to
HPMS for local functional systems are not generally
based on the same collection methods used for other
functional systems and therefore the inventory report
must indicate the procedures used to collect this
information.
1.3.5 If the inventory area is larger than the FAUA, the
inventory report must indicate how VMT data were
developed for roads outside of the FAUA. The preparing
agency has different options for preparing these data.
Two specific options are listed under this checklist
question and the reviewer should check the appropriate
box if either method was used. If another method was
used, the reviewer should check the "Yes" box for
"another method," and, under the comments column, give
a brief description of the method used and the page
number(s) in the inventory report where it appears.
1.3.6 The HPMS contains data on traffic volume counts for
sample segments of the different functional systems.
These counts are then expanded from the sample segments
and used for estimating average annual daily traffic
(AADT) for different functional systems within the
FAUA. The documentation for VMT data should be
reviewed to determine if the actual traffic counts for
each sample segment included in the inventory area are
reported in the. SIP or whether a reference is given for
the information.
1.3.4
1.3.5
1.3.6
Are methodology and calculations used to estimate VMT on the
local functional system documented in the SIP?
Is the inventory area larger than the FAUA?
If the answer to question 1.3.4 was "Yes," hou was VMT on roads
outside the FAUA but inside the inventory area estimated?
-Applied a state- or county-specific estimate of travel per mile
of roadway to mileage of roads outside the FAUA;
-Travel outside the FAUA is primarily rural. Applied VMT per
roadway mile from other purely rural counties to estimate the
VMT;
-Another method.
Are the actual traffic ground counts for each HPMS sample
segment listed in the SIP?
YES
MO
COMMENTS
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1.3.7 The documentation for VMT should include .the dates of
the traffic counts and number of hours over which they
were made. If this information is provided in the SIP,
list the page numbers. If a reference is given for the
information, list the reference in the comments column.
If this information is not provided, or no traffic
counts are included in the report, check the "No" box.
1.3.8 Review the VMT documentation in the inventory report to
determine if the number of road miles within the FAUA
is listed by facility class/volume group or if a
reference is given for the information.
1.3.9 Review the procedures for estimating VMT in the
inventory report to determine if the factors used to
expand the HPMS sample segment data into VMT estimates
for the FAUA are documented either in the SIP or in a
reference. The expansion factors should be provided
for each facility class/volume group.
1.3.10 Traffic volume counts can vary due to seasonal and
daily variations in traffic flow. The inventory report
should indicate the methods and factors used to adjust
traffic volume counts on sample segments for seasonal,
daily, or hourly variations.
1.3.11 Under the HPMS program, traffic counts are conducted so
that each sample segment is counted every 3 years. For
a given year, adjustments have to be made for sample
segments not actually counted in that year. The
inventory report should indicate how these counts were
adjusted for the appropriate year.
1.3.7
1.3.8
1.3.9
1.3.10
1.3.11
Are the dates of those counts and the number of hours over which
they were made listed in the SIP or is a reference given for the
information?
Is the number of road miles within the FAUA by facility
class/volume group listed in the SIP or is a reference given for
the information?
Are the factors used to expand the HPMS segment data into FAUA
VMT estimates by facility class/volume group listed in the SIP
or is a reference given for the information?
Are the methods and factors used to adjust counts -on sample
segments for month, day-of-week, and/or hour-of-day documented
in the SIP?
Are the methods and factors used to adjust counts on sample
segments not actually counted In a given year documented in the
SIP?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.4 NETWORK-BASED MODEL METHOD
1.4.1 If a state chose to use a network-based travel demand
model method to prepare VMT estimates instead of using
HPMS data for the 1990 base year inventory, the
inventory report should indicate why the network-based
model was used. Theoretically, a network-based model
provides more detail on the location, sources and
purposes of travel and a significant effort is required
to annually update inputs to this type of model. For
the purpose of base year inventories, the EPA
recommends that nonattainment areas use a network-based
model only if its 1990 HPMS data are particularly weak,
its network-based model is validated with 1990 traffic
counts, and only after consulting with the EPA. The
report should indicate the shortcomings of the HPMS
data for 1990 that lead the state to use a network
model instead. The reviewer should briefly describe
the shortcomings given in the report in the space
provided.
1.4.2 The geographical area covered by the network-based
model must be documented in the inventory report. The
reviewer should note in the comments column, the SIP
page number that refers to the information or the
reference given for the information.
1.4.3 Network-based travel demand models require demographic
inputs to be assembled for the transportation planning
network. These inputs should be checked to determine
if they have been updated to the 1990 base year.
1.4.4 The final VMT results from a network-based model are
generally validated via comparison to actual traffic
ground counts at selected sites along the
transportation planning network. The inventory report
should clearly state that the model results have been
validated against 1990 traffic ground counts for the
inventory area.
1.4
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.4.3
1.4.4
NETWORK-BASED MODEL METHOD
What are the shortcomings of the HPMS data for 1990 that lead
the state to use this approach instead?
is the geographic domain to which the model inputs and the VMT
estimates refer documented in the SIP or is a reference given
for the information?
Are demographic inputs to the model updated to 1990?
is the model validated against 1990 ground counts?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.4.5 The inventory, report should document the methods and
measures used to validate the network-based model and
the results of that validation. The reviewer should
list the SIP page number where the information is
provided or the reference that is given for the
information.
1.4.6 For validation purposes, the extent to which traffic
assigned to network-based links (which represent
sections of facilities within the network planning
area) matched the 1990 base year traffic counts should
be documented in the inventory report for groups of
links ranked by average daily traffic volume. The
reviewer should list the SIP page number where the
information is provided or the reference that is given
for the information.
1.4.7 The reviewer should check the approach used in the
network-based model to distinguish between peak and
off-peak travel. If only two periods (peak and
off-peak) are used, the reviewer should indicate the
time period, in hours, that defines each one. If more
than two periods are used, the reviewer should indicate
in the comments column how the periods were divided.
The reviewer is also asked to provide the page
number(s) in the inventory where this distinction is
explained.
1.4.8 The network-based model should have used a constrained
equilibrium approach to allocating trips among links.
If a procedure different than a constrained equilibrium
approach was used, the reviewer should check the "No"
box and indicate what procedure was used in the
comments column.
1,4.5
1.4.6
1.4.7
1.4.8
Are the methods and measures used to validate the model and the
results of that validation documented in the SIP or is a
reference given for the information?
Is the extent to which the traffic assignment matched the base
year ground count for groups of links ranked by average daily
traffic volume documented in the SIP or is a reference given for
the information?
What distinction is made between peak versus off-peak periods?
-Only two periods (peak and off-peak);
Peak Period (hours):
Off-Peak Period (hours):
-More than two periods;
-24 hours (hour-by-hour).
List SIP page numbers that refer to the data:
Did the model use a constrained equilibrium approach to trip
assignment?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.4.9 The inventory report should indicate if model outputs
on zone-to-zone travel times were recycled as inputs
until a self-consistent equilibrium trip assignment
among zones was achieved. If outputs were not
recycled, or it cannot be determined from the report,
the reviewer should check "No" to this question.
1.4.10 If transit use is or is expected to account for a
significant portion of travel on the network, the
inventory report should indicate whether model outputs
on zone-to-zone travel times were recycled as inputs
until a self-consistent equilibrium trip assignment
among modes was achieved. ~
1.4.11 The socio-economic data categories (population, number
of households, and employment) should be documented in
the inventory report. The report itself should provide
the data, or it should provide a reference for the
data. The reviewer should list either the SIP page
number on which the data appear or the reference for
this information in the comments column. References
may include, but are not limited to, other specific
reports, internal agency records, and/or FHWA
databases.
1.4.12 The reviewer should briefly describe the procedure that
was used in the inventory to ensure that no link in the
network was loaded beyond its reasonable capacity. If
no procedure is listed in the inventory report, the
"No" column should be checked.
1.4.13 The geographic domain to which the model inputs and the
VMT estimates refer should be documented in the
inventory report or clearly referenced.
1.4.9
1.4.10
1.4.11
1.4.12
1.4.13
Were model outputs on zone-to-zone travel times recycled as
inputs until a self-consistent equilibrium trip assignment among
zones and modes was achieved?
If transit use is or is expected to account for a significant
portion of travel on the network, were outputs on zone-to-zone
travel times recycled as inputs until a self -consistent
equilibrium trip assignment among modes was achieved?
Are the following socio-economic data for the base year (1990)
documented in the SIP?
-Population, both total and those 16 years and older
-Number of households
-Employment
Is the procedure used to ensure that no link was loaded beyond
its reasonable caoacity described in the inventory report?
Is the geographic domain to which the model inputs and the VMT
estimates refer documented in the SIP, or is a reference given
for the information?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.4.14 The transportation planning network that is covered
under the network-based model should be clearly
described and references for each network parameter
should be provided in the inventory report. The
reviewer should list the reference for the parameters
and the SIP page number providing the description of
the network in the comments column.
1.4.15 The listed model outputs should be documented in the
inventory reports. The documentation may consist of
references to other specific reports, internal agency
records, and/or FHWA databases for this information.
If the information is provided in the SIP, the reviewer
should enter the data in the comments column as well as
list the SIP page number where the information is
found. Otherwise, list the reference in the comments
column.
1.4.16 In order to more effectively and accurately predict
vehicle speeds for use in estimating mobile source
emissions, the EPA recommends that constrained
equilibrium speeds from the network-based model be
refined using volume-to-capacity equations for each
function class. The reviewer should check that these
equations were used and properly documented in the
inventory report. List the SIP page numbers or
reference that describes this procedure.
1.4.14
1.4.15
1.4.16
Are a description of the network and a reference to complete
documentation of network parameters given in the SIP or is a
reference given for the information?
Are the following model outputs documented in the SIP?
-Person-trip lengths in minutes by trip purpose
-Person trips by purpose for internal trips
Are the constrained equilibrium speed versus volume-to-capacity
equations by functional class documented in the SIP or is a
reference given for the information?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.4.17 Certain areas and facility types within the
nonattainment area may not be covered within the
network-based model. The specific methodology and
calculations used to estimate VMT on facility types not
covered by the network-based model, or outside of the
geographic boundaries of the network, must be
documented in the inventory report. The reviewer
should check that VMT estimation procedures for the
listed functional systems not covered by the network-
based model are documented in the inventory report.
List the SIP page numbers or references where this
information is located.
1.5 HPMS-LIKE ALTERNATIVE METHOD
1.5.1 Under the following conditions, a State may use an
alternative to HPMS to estimate actual VMT for the 1990
base year: (1) the SIP is based on an attainment
demonstration for a specifically defined area that
encompasses all vehicle travel contributing to the
nonattainment situation; (2) the HPMS-like system
tracks VMT within an area that encompasses all vehicle
travel contributing to the nonattainment situation;
(3) the alternative system is equivalent to HPMS in
terms of providing reliable and accurate VMT estimates
for the area; and (4) the HPMS-like' alternative method
conforms to FHWA guidance. If an HPMS-like alternative
method was used in estimating VMT, the inventory report
should contain documentation for the methodology used
and justification for its use. If an alternative
method was not used, the reviewer should indicate this
in the comments column and proceed to checklist
question 1.6.
1.5.2 The inventory report should indicate that the HPMS-like
alternative method conforms to the FHWA guidance and an
explanation is provided on how this conclusion was
reached.
1.4.17
1.5
1.5.1
1.5.2
Are the specific methodology and calculations used to estimate
VMT accumulated on the following functional systems included in
the SIP or is a reference given for the information?
-The local functional systems within the FAUA
-Functional systems within the FAUA but outside of the
geographic domain of the network-based travel demand forecasting
process
-Functional systems within the inventory area but outside of the
FAUA
HPMS-LIKE ALTERNATIVE METHOD
Is the alternative HPMS -I. ike system documented and justified in
the SIP?
Does the SIP assert that the alternative HPMS-like system
conforms to FHUA guidance?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.5.3 The inventory report should indicate how the HPMS-like
alternative method is equivalent to HPMS in terms of
estimating VMT for the nonattainment area.
1.5.4 The inventory report should identify an agency or
agencies that have endorsed the HPMS-like alternative
method used as being reliable and accurate. The
reviewer should indicate the other agencies that
endorsed or approved the use of the HPMS-like method
under the comments column.
1.6 TRACKING TRAFFIC ACROSS THE^BOUNDARIES OF SPECIFIC PROBLEM
AREAS
1.6.1 Under certain conditions, a State containing a moderate
CO nonattainment area may receive prior approval from
the EPA for an attainment demonstration that addresses
only locally generated vehicle emissions in a finite
number of localized areas of high CO concentrations.
In this scenario, and with prior approval from the EPA
Regional Administrator, a State may estimate and track
the traffic across the boundaries of each of the
specified areas rather than over wider areas. The
inventory report should indicate if prior approval has
been received to track the traffic across the
boundaries of specific problem area's, specifically who
granted the approval, and the date of the approval. If
the inventory does not include specific problem areas
as described above, the reviewer should indicate this
in the comments column, and does not need to complete
checklist questions 1.6.2 - 1.6.7.
1.6.2 The inventory report should indicate what percentage of
the VMT in the specified localized problem area comes
from traffic across the boundaries of the areas and
what percentage is due to intra-area traffic. If the
information is provided in the SIP, the reviewer should
enter the data in the comments column as well as list
the SIP page number. Otherwise, list the reference in
the comments column.
1.5.3
1.5.4
1.6
1.6.1
1.6.2
Does the SIP assert that the alternative system is equivalent to
HPMS in terms of providing as reliable and accurate a VMT
estimate for the area?
What other agencies have endorsed the alternative system as
being reliable and accurate?
TRACKING TRAFFIC ACROSS THE BOUNDARIES OF SPECIFIC PROBLEM AREAS
Has the state received prior approval for an attainment
demonstration that addresses only locally generated vehicle
emissions in a finite number of problem areas?
What percentage of the VMT in the area comes from the traffic
across the boundaries of each of the specified areas and what
percentage is due to intra-area traffic?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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1.6.3 The description pertaining to the methodology used in
tracking traffic across the boundaries of the specific
problem areas should indicate that traffic counting
included all approaches to each area.
1.6.4 Traffic counting procedures should be in accordance
with FHWA guidance. The inventory report should
indicate that FHWA guidance was followed in tracking
traffic across the boundaries of the specific problem
areas. If FHWA guidance procedures were not used, or
if the report does not indicate if they were used, the
"no" box should be checked.
1.6.5 Traffic counting should have been done during the peak
CO season on those days of the week and times of day
when exceedances occur in the specific problem area.
1.6.6 For the specific problem areas, the reviewer should
determine if base year traffic counts were taken within
the 1987-1989 period and adjusted for area-wide growth
to 1990.
1.6.7 For the specific problem areas defined in
question 1.6.1, the inventory report should indicate
the method that was used to estimate areawide VMT for
the 1990 base year. The review should briefly describe
the method used (e.g., traffic counts) and the page
number(s) in the inventory where the method is
described.
1.6.3
1.6.4
1.6.5
1.6.6
1.6.7
Does traffic counting include all approaches to each area?
Does traffic counting meet FHUA guidance?
Does traffic counting occur during the CO season on those days
of the week and times of day when CO exceedances occur?
Are base-year counts taken within the 1987-1989 period and
adjusted for area wide growth to 1990?
What method was used to estimate areawide VMT in 1990?
List the method:
List SIP page numbers that refer to the method:
YES
J
NO
COMMENTS
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Table C-2. Emission Factor Calculations and Use of MOBILE4.1
All questions in this table should be answered by examining
the MOBILE4.1 input files. Copies of the input files should
be provided. If copies of the input files are not included,
answer each question on the basis of what information
(narrative, tables, etc.) is supplied. For each question
answered, cite the relevant section or page(s) of the
inventory in the comments column.
Question
2.1 INPUT CHECKS
Instructions
2.1.1 Unless locality-specific tampering rates were used
(TAMFLG=2), the MOBILE4.1 default tampering rates
should be used (TAMFLG=1). The default tampering rates
are adequate in most instances. Alternate tampering
rates must be based on actual in-use tampering surveys.
The surveys should be approved in advance by the EPA's
Field Operations and Support Division. An example of
when locality-specific tampering rates may be developed
is for areas with operating inspection and maintenance
(I/M) programs in which the EPA has conducted a
tampering survey.
2.'1
2.1.1
INPUT CHECKS
a. Were M08ILE4.1 tampering rates used (TAMFLG=1)7
b. If local ity=specific tampering rates were used (TAMFLG=2),
is documentation provided that the rates used and the tampering
survey(s) on which they are based were reviewed and approved by
the EPA's Field Operations and Support Division?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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2.1.2 Record the average speed used for each roadway type.
Not all planning departments use identical roadway type
classifications... If alternative roadway types appear
in the inventory, record them and their average speeds
in the comments column.
It is expected that MOBILE4.1 will be run using at
least three different average speeds. More than one
average speed should be used to obtain more accurate
emission estimates. Multiple average speeds are
requested because the average speeds on each of the
roadway types will differ. Also, the source of the
average speeds by roadway type should be documented.
Record the data source in the comments column.
2.1.3a If one vehicle miles travelled (VMT) mix was used for
the entire inventory area, check the "Yes" box. This
indicates that the same VMT mix was used for all
subareas and roadway types.
2.1.3b If the VMFLAG was set to 1, the default MOBILE4.1 VMT
mix was used. Inventory guidance recommends that
specific VMT mixes be developed.
2.1.3c For emission inventory development,, the EPA generally
expects states to develop and use their own specific
VMT estimates by vehicle type. If states developed VMT
estimates by vehicle type, VMFLAG will be either 2 or
3. If specific VMT estimates were developed, the VMT
derivation and source(s) should be documented.
2.1.2
2.1.3
•
a. What average speeds were assumed for each of the fol lowing
roadway types?
Interstates Urban:__mph; Rural: mph
Principal After ials Urban:__mph; Rural: mph
Minor Arterials Urban:__mph; Rural; mph
Major Collectors Urban: mph; Rural; mph
Minor Collectors Urban; mph; Rural; moh
Local Roads Urban:__mph; Rural; mph
Any other roadway types
(Specify: ) Urban: mph; Rural: mph
b. Was the source of the assumed average speeds by roadway type
specified?
a. Is the same VMT mix used for all roadway types and subareas?
b. Was the MOBILE4.1 VMT mix by vehicle type used (VMFLAG»1)7
c. if locality-specific VMT mix(es) by vehicle type were used
(VMFLAG=2 or 3), are the derivation of these values and the data
sources(s) provided?
YES
NO
COMMENTS
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