A NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF
RESOURCE RECOVERY ACTIVITIES
This publication (SW- 143 was written
for the Federal solid waste management programs
by RICHARD E. HOPPER
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
January 1975
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction 1
Detailed Status of Recovery System Implementation 2
Detailed Status of State Resource Recovery Activities 3
Activity Reports - Cities 4
Akron, Ohio 4
Albany, New York 5
Ames, Iowa 6
Baltimore, Maryland 7
Braintree, Massachusetts 9
Bridgeport, Connecticut 10
Charleston, West Virginia 11
Chicago, Illinois 12
Cleveland, Ohio 13
Dade County, Florida 14
Denver, Colorado 15
East Bridgewater, Massachusetts 16
Franklin, Ohio 17
Hackensack Meadowlands, New Jersey 18
Hempstead, New York 19
Honolulu, Hawaii , 20
Housatonic Valley, Connecticut 21
Houston, Texas 22
Knoxville, Tennessee 23
Lane County, Oregon 24
11
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Page
Lexington, Kentucky 25
Lowell, Massachusetts 26
Madison, Wisconsin 27
Memphis, Tennessee 28
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 29
Minneapolis, Minnesota 30
Monroe County, New York 31
Montgomery County, Maryland 32
Montgomery County (Dayton), Ohio 33
Mt. Vernon, New York 34
Nashville, Tennessee 35
New Britain, Connecticut 36
New Orleans, Louisiana 37
New York, New York 38
Onondaga County, New York 39
Palmer Township, Pennsylvania 41
San Diego County, California 42
Saugus, Massachusetts 43
Seattle, Washington 44
St. Louis, Missouri 45
Tennessee Valley Authority '. 46
Washington, D.C 48
Westchester County, New York 49
Wilmington, Delaware 50
iii
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Page
Activity Reports - States 51
California 51
Connecticut 53
Florida 55
Hawaii 57
Illinois 58
Maryland 59
Massachusetts 60
Michigan 61
Minnesota 62
New York 63
Ohio 64
Pennsylvania 65
Rhode Island 66
Tennessee 68
Vermont 69
Washington 70
Wisconsin 71
Appendix I...Communities Recovering Only Ferrous Metal ..... 73
Appendix II..Abbreviations Used In Report 74
IV
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INTRODUCTION
This is a compilation of State and local resource recovery
projects. Its purpose is to facilitate the exchange of informa-
tion about systems and methods for implementing resource recovery
at both the State and local levels of government.
The survey included a review of published and unpublished
literature, telephone and letter contacts, and selected site visits
by EPA contacts assigned to monitor the activity of individual
States or communities as indicated in the report. This report
represents a summary of information acquired through this monitor-
ing activity as of January, 1975.
Abbreviations used throughout the report will be found in
the appendix along with an additional list of communities recover-
ing only ferrous metal.
The information is presented as received and in many cases
has not been analyzed for accuracy or completeness. In addition,
some important resource recovery projects may not be included due
to a lack of information. Therefore, if you would like to suggest
corrections or additions, please write to the survey's project
director: Richard E. Hopper (AW-563), Resource Recovery Division,
Office of Solid Waste Management Programs, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, telephone (202) 254-7848.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Akron, Ohio
Harry Butler
James A. Alkire, Director
Department of Planning and Urban Renewal
400 Municipal Building
166 S. High Street
Akron, Ohio 44308
(216) 375-2771
Waterwall incineration.
1000 (with possible expansion to 1400
tons per day)
$18 million.
Municipal revenue bonds.
Glaus, Pyle, Schomer, Burns and DeHaven
(System Designer)
Project Status
City is in the final stages of system design. City plans to go out for
bids for facility construction in the near future.
When completed, the project will supply steam to the City's central
business district's heating system and to B.F. Goodrich. There is
also the possibility that an additional steam market will be found
with the University of Akron. If this materializes, the system's
throughput will be increased to 1400 tons per day.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Albany, New York
Harry Butler
Patrick Mahoney
President, Smith & Mahoney
40 Steuben Street
Albany, New York 12207
(518) 463-4107
Shredded waste as a fuel.
600
$6 million.
50 percent - State grant.
50 percent - General obligation bonds.
Design - Smith & Mahoney
Construction and operation - not yet selected.
Project Status
City is seeking New York State grant for a 600 ton per day (one shift)
shredded fuel preparation system (shred, magnetic separation, air classifi-
cation) , which will be constructed at their existing landfill site. Fuel
will be trucked into downtown Albany (18 miles) where after storage it will
be burned in a faciltiy designed after the Hamilton, Ontario waterwall
incinerator. The boiler will be owned and operated by the State Office of
General Services and will represent an expansion of present facilities,
which was required due to the construction of a new complex of State
buildings.
The City will own the processing facility, but intends to have a contractor
construct and operate the site. The City has completed a preliminary
engineering concept report for review by the State Department of Environ-
mental Conservation and the Office of General Services. Plans call for
submission of bid documents in the Spring or Summer of 1975 with construction
starting at the end of the year.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OP FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Ames, Iowa
Robert Holloway
J.R. Castner
City Hall
5th and Kellog Streets
Ames, Iowa
(515) 232-7479
Prepared waste as a supplementary fuel for a
city owned power plant.
200
$5.5 million.
Municipal revenue bonds.
Gibbs, Hill, Durham and Richardson, Inc.
Consulting Engineers
Project Status
Three small boilers (60 mw total) are to be modified to burn waste fuel.
One unit is a tangentially-fired boiler; the other two are stokers.
Supplementary waste fuel will be pneumatically fired onto the grates
of the stoker fired units. One unit has an electrostatic precipitator;
the other two have dry cyclones for emission control. The power plant
has received a permit from the air pollution control authorities to
operate experimentally. A $3.2 million construction contract was signed
in Spring 1974, with construction scheduled to be completed by July 1, 1975.
Construction was 40 percent complete as of November, 1974. In addition to
processing waste for use as a supplementary fuel and ferrous metal recovery,
aluminum will be recovered by an electromagnetic process and glass-rich
screenings will be used as an aggregate for asphalt manufacture.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION: Baltimore, Maryland
EPA CONTACT: David Sussman
PROJECT CONTACT: Elliot Zulver
Project Director
Pyrolysis Plant
1801 Annapolis Road
Baltimore, Maryland 21330
(301) 396-3499
PROJECT TYPE: Pyrolysis
TONS/DAY: 1000
CAPITAL COST: $16 million.
METHOD OF FINANCING: EPA grant - $6 million.
State loan - $4 million.
City funds - $6 million.
CONTRACTOR: Monsanto Enviro-Chem Systems, Inc.
Project Status
Baltimore will own and operate a 1,000 ton per day solid waste
pyrolysis plant developed by Monsanto Enviro-Chem Systems, Inc.
The LANDGARD system will be designed and constructed by Monsanto
under a turnkey contract with moneyback performance guarantee
provisions. Monsanto is guaranteeing plant availability at 85
percent, particulate emissions to meet local and Federal standards,
and the residue putrescible content to be less than 0.2 percent.
The plant is being designed to handle mixed municipal solid waste,
including tires and white goods. All incoming waste will be shredded
to a 4-inch particle size and then conveyed to a rotary pyrolysis
kiln.
The pyrolysis gases leave the kiln and will then be combusted in
an afterburner. The hot afterburner exhaust gases will pass
through waste heat boilers that generate 200,000 pounds of
steam per hour for sale to the Baltimore Gas and Electric
Company. The steam will be used for downtown heating and
cooling. Boiler exhaust gases will be scrubbed, dehumidified,
and released to the atmosphere.
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Baltimore, Maryland
(continued)
Construction is complete and the plant is now in a shake-down phase.
The pyrolysis residue will be water quenched and ferrous metals
will be separated. Water flotation and screening processes will
separate the char residue, which must be landfilled (16 tons,
with 50 percent moisture, for every 100 tons of solid waste input),
from a glassy aggregate fraction, which will be used as aggregate
for city asphalt concrete street construction.
For additional information, see: Baltimore Demonstrates Gas
Pyrolysis (SW-75d.i), David B. Sussman, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Braintree, Massachusetts
Steven Levy
John Griffith, Superintendant
Braintree Thermal Waste Reduction Center
Ivory Street
Braintree, Massachusetts 02184
(617) 843-6209
Waterwall incineration.
240
$2.5 million.
General obligation bonds.
Designed by Camp, Dresser and McKee.
Project Status
Plant has been operational since 1971, but until recently no steam was being
sold. Community is now developing a market for steam. Recently, however,
Braintree has begun to sell steam to the Weymouth Art and Leather Company
(20,000 - 25,000 Ibs./hr. or 400,000 Ibs./day) and is also negotiating
with Michigan Abrasives, Inc. for an equal supply of steam. Initially,
the plant's net operating costs were $30/ton, but today the plant's net
operating costs are $5/ton. The plant is presently processing 150-175
tons of waste per day on a 3 shift, 5 day per week basis.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Bridgeport, Connecticut
Robert Randol
Richard P. Chase
CRRA; Connecticut Resources Recovery Authority
60 Washington Street
Suite 1305
Hartford, Connecticut 06106
(203) 549-6390
Prepared waste as a supplementary fuel;
materials recovery.
1800
$29 million.
Connecticut Resources Recovery Authority
Garrett Research and Development
Project Status
The system will process eighteea hundred tons of solid waste a day.
The dry shredded fuel fraction will be sold to United Illuminating,
a subsidiary of Northeast Utilities. United Illuminating is a new
market for the fuel. Previously Connecticut Light and Power had been
the designated user. Groundbreaking ceremonies were held on December 10,
1974.
As of February 1", 1975 s. final contract between The Connecticut Resources
Recovery Authority and Garrett Research and Development had not been
signed. However, a letter of intent to design, construct and operate a
system was signed in September, 1974. Delays in the signing of the final
contract stem from the reluctance of the contracting parties to assume
different levels of risk.
Bridgeport will be the first system built in Connecticut. The interlocal
agreement for delivery of solid waste (negotiated between CRRA and the
communities) and the system's construction and operation contract
(negotiated between CRRA and Garrett) will serve as models for future
implementations.
10
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Charleston, West Virginia
Steven Levy
Thomas Donnegan
Union Carbide
270 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10017
(212) 551-4267
Gas pyrolysis.
200
Unknown
Privately financed by Union Carbide.
Union Carbide
Project Status
This is a private test facility being used to determine scale-up
parameters and verify the technology and its economics.
Process uses oxygen in lower part of combustion chamber to produce
a 300 BTU per standard cubic foot gas.
The pilot plant is presently being modified to process shredded
solid waste as opposed to unprepared solid waste.
11
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Chicago, Illinois
Robert Holloway
James E. Condon
Department of Streets and Sanitation
Bureau of Sanitation
Room 207, City Hall
Chicago, Illinois 60602
(312) 744-5038
Waste as a supplementary fuel.
1000
$16 million.
General obligation bonds.
Ralph M. Parsons, Inc.
Consulting Engineers and
Consoer, Townsend and Associates
Project Status
Supplementary fuel will be pneumatically transported from the processing
plant to the adjacent Commonwealth Edison Crawford Power Station. The
system is now under construction, with the foundations presently being
poured. All foundation work should be completed by March. Total
construction is scheduled to be completed by January, 1976, when
the start-up phase will begin.
12
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Cleveland, Ohio
David Sussman
Richard Labus
Commissioner of Utility Engineering
1201 Lakeside Avenue
Cleveland, Ohio 44114
(216) 694-2000
Not selected at this time, but output must
be high temperature and pressure steam for
city owned electric utility.
1500
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
RFP for energy recovery system has been sent out. Bids will be accepted
on February 5, 1975. City has requested bids for a 1500 ton per day
plant as the minimum size with bids for larger plants of 1800 tons per
day and 3000 tons per day also to be considered. Pre-bid conference
was held in November.
13
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Dade County, Florida
Robert Randol
Christopher Tyson
Public Works Department
Metropolitan Dade County
Brickell Plaza
909 Southeast First Avenue
Miami, Florida 33131
(305) 358-2700
Energy Recovery
300
N/A
Pollution control revenue bonds.
N/A
Project Status
Dade County received 10 responses from a recent RFP. Five respondees
proposed systems that would generate electricity on-site; two respondees
proposed systems for processing waste as a dry shredded fuel; one proposed
a pyrolysis system; one proposed a system for paper separation; and one
proposed baling and a landfill. Costs for the systems (excluding baling)
ranged between $35 million and $100 million. Corporations that responded
were:
Baling and a landfill
Generate electricity
Generate electricity
Waste Management
Black Clawson
Clean Air
Titan Environmental
Services
Universal Oil
Products
Wheelabrator-Frye
American Can
(Using Purox System)
CEA - Dry fuel
Research Cottrell - Dry fuel
Read/Grumman - Paper separation
Generate electricity
Generate electricity
Generate electricity
Pyrolysis
14
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING;
CONTRACTOR:
Denver, Colorado
Richard E. Hopper
Alan L. Foster, Environmental Planner
Denver Regional Council of Governments
1776 South Jackson Street, #200
Denver, Colorado 80210
Development of regional plan.
N/A
Estimated for 1985 - $73 million.
N/A
N/A
Project Status
In August of 1972 the Denver Regional Council of Governments completed
its Project Reuse report which recommended the establishment of a single
resource recovery center to handle all the solid waste in the five county
area of metropolitan Denver. When fully operational in 1985, the facility
was projected to cost $73 million and process between 600-1200 tons per
day of solid waste with only 14 percent of the input going to landfill as
residue. While not yet implemented, the Denver Regional Council of Govern-
ments has maintained its commitment to resource recovery and has recently
formed a new task force to assess the possibility of institutional options
for establishing a regional resource recovery center.
15
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
East Bridgewater, Massachusetts
Robert Holloway
John Reilly
CEA (Combustion Equipment Associates, Inc.)
555 Madison Avenue
New York, New York 10022
(212) 980-3700
Prepared waste as a supplementary fuel.
600 (Two shifts)
Private capital.
CEA
Project Status
Plant shakedown started Winter, 1973-74. Shakedown is continuing thru
Summer, 1974. No fuel product has been sold because no coal boilers
are nearby. Plant is not operating except for experimentation because
there is no market for the product.
In addition, CEA is basing future contracts on Eco-Fuel II, a chemically
treated, pulverized solid fuel derived from waste. The East Bridgewater
plant was designed to produce Eco-Fuel I, the feed material to an
Eco-Fuel II system. The East Bridgewater plant is to be modified
in the future to produce Eco-Fuel II.
CEA plans Eco-Fuel II trial firings with fuel produced from a pilot
plant at Weyerhaeuser Corp. (close to Brockton) and at Public Services
Gas and Electric, Elizabeth, New Jersey.
16
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING;
CONTRACTOR:
Franklin, Ohio
Yvonne Garbe
B. Eichholtz, City Manager
City of Franklin
P.O. Box 132
Franklin, Ohio 45005
Municipal solid waste is wet pulped and
segregated into sorted glass, ferrous
metal, aluminum, and fibers for recovery.
Currently - 50 tons per day (one shift)
(capacity 150 tons per day/24 hour shift)
$3.177 million.
Federal share - $2.177 million.
Franklin - 0.5 million.
GCMI - 0.15 million.
Black Clawson - 0.2 million.
Black Clawson Co.
Glass Container Manufacturer Institute
Project Status
Completed - 6/71. The total system is actually comprised of three subsystems
for solid waste disposal, fiber recovery, and glass recovery respectively.
In the system, a hydrapulper wet pulps the refuse, while a magnetic separator
recovers the ferrous metals portion, a liquid cyclone extracts other heavy
elements such as glass, and the remaining fiber is then cleaned and dewatered
in the fiber recovery system. Rejected material is piped to the fluidized
bed incinerator for disposal. The fiber is being sold to Logan Long
Company for $45/ton while the ferrous metal is being sold to Gillerman
Steel Corporation in St. Louis for $25/ton.
For additional information, see: The Franklin, Ohio, Demonstration Report
(SW- 47d), David G. Arella, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.
17
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY :
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Hackensack Meadowlands, New Jersey
Robert Holloway
George Casino
Chief Engineer
Hackensack Meadowlands Development Commission
1099 Wall Street, West
Lyndhurst, New Jersey 07071
(201) 935-3250
Prepared waste as a supplementary fuel.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
HMDC received 8 proposals in Fall 1973 as result of RFP. HMDC
asked Stevens Institute and Fairleigh Dickinson University to
review proposals. CEA was recommended.
No action was taken because of change in State administration.
HMDC has now contracted with First Boston Corporation, Sullivan &
Cromwell, and Hawkins, Delafield & Wood to pursue negotiations with
several of the original bidders to implement a fuel system.
Public Service Electric and Gas has expressed interest in waste fuel.
PSEG signed a contract in August 1974 with CEA to burn 200 tons per
day of Eco-Fuel II on a trial basis. CEA hopes to start preliminary
tests with pellets within 2 months at PSEG and Weyerhaeuser (near
CEA's East Bridgewater plant). Eco-Fuel II for the early burns will
be produced by the pilot plant. Additional PSEG tests will be run
in 1-2 years with fuel produced from a plant to be built in New Jersey.
18
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Project Status
Hempstead, New York
Alan Shilepsky
William Landman
Commissioner of Sanitation
1600 Merrick Road
Merrick, New York 11566
(516) 378-4210
Wet-pulping of waste for materials and
energy recovery.
2000
$55 million.
Exact form is undetermined until a contract
is signed, but will probably be corporate
revenue bonds.
Hempstead Resource Recovery Corp.
(a subsidiary of Black Clawson Co.)
A contract was signed on December 12, 1974 between Hempstead and
Hempstead Resource Recovery Corporation, a subsidiary of Black
Clawson Corporation. The contract stipulates that the City
"put or pay" to the recovery system at least 6000 tons of
solid waste per week. The contract also requires the corporation
to be capable of processing 11,000 tons per week with a maximum
of 3 percent residue by volume. The system will recover ferrous,
aluminum and glass (if economically feasible) and produce electricity.
Revenues will be shared between the corporation and the City. Dump
serve fees, depending on tonnages, will range between $14.05 to
$12.37 per ton.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Honolulu, Hawaii
Robert Randol
Kazu Hayashida
Chief, Public Works Department
City and County of Honolulu
Honolulu, Hawaii
(808) 546-7514
Feasibility study for energy recovery.
2000
N/A
City - $50,000 Amfac Corporation - $50,000
Sunn, Low, Tom & Kara Engineering Consultants
Project Status
The City and County of Honolulu, Amfac Corporation, and the Hawaiian
Electric Company have jointly funded a feasibility study to investi-
gate the possibility of utilizing mixed refuse and cane trash for the
generation of power. Amfac Corporation is one of Hawaii's largest private
corporations and a major sugar cane grower. The above study was completed
in December and concluded that the proposed system was both technologically
feasible and economically viable, and outlined steps for its implementation.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Housatonic Valley, Connecticut
Robert Randol
Robert Schulz
The Fourth Sink Management Group, Inc.
P.O. Box 75
Kattskill Bay, New York 12844
(518) 656-9253
Prepared waste as a supplementary fuel;
materials recovery.
1500
$35 million.
CRRA funding requested (See State of Conn.)
CEA (Combustion Equipment Associates, Inc.)
Project Status
Twenty two million dollar processing plant to be located in Newtown, Conn.
to prepare Eco-Fuel II. Fuel will be shipped by rail to the Pierce Power
Plant in Wallingford, Conn., where a $10 million high-pressure steam generating
facility will be designed and constructed by CEA.
CRRA limited to $100 million funding through FY75. Therefore, with funding
of New Britain and Bridgeport, CRRA cannot now fund entire Housatonic project.
CRRA likely to fund just transfer station portion, with landfilling of waste
until authority extended.
21
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Hous ton, Texas
David Sussman
John Barineau, III
Browning-Ferris Industries
P.O. Box 3151
Houston, Texas 77001
(713) 790-1611
Paper and ferrous recovery system.
400
Not known.
Industry owned.
Browning-Ferris Industries (BFI)
Project Status
BFI operates the resource recovery system that processes a portion of
Houston's solid waste. The plant consists of a hand picking station,
a shredder, and a magnetic separator. Newspaper can be hand picked
from both sides of the conveyor that feeds the shredder. The paper is
picked only when market conditions make hand picking profitable. The
ferrous material is sold to a local scrap dealer. The residual milled
solid waste is landfilled. BFI also uses the facility to test air
classification.
22
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Knoxville, Tennessee
Robert Randol
Kyle Testerman, Mayor
City Hall
Knoxvi11e, Tenne s se e
(615) 639-0101
Torrax type system to produce combustible
gas or pelletized solid waste fuel.
2000 (if combined with Chattanooga)
N/A
TVA would own, operate and finance.
N/A
Project Status
Knoxville is participating in a tripartite study with TVA and Torrax
to examine the feasibility of using a Torrax type system to produce
a combustible gas which would be fired into the furnaces at the Watts
Bar power plant.
TVA would like Knoxville to be its lead city in the implementation of
TVA's master solid waste plan. TVA would like to finance, construct
and operate a resource recovery system for the city.
23
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Lane County, Oregon
Steven Levy
Bruce Bailey
Solid Waste Division
County Annex Building
135 East 6th Avenue
Eugene, Oregon 97401
(503) 687-4119
Solid waste as a fuel in an existing,
municipally-owned steam boiler.
Boiler currently uses wood waste
to produce steam for a district
heating system.
600-1000
$1.4 million.
General obligation bonds-already have
voter approval for up to $3.5 million.
Preliminary design-Wilsey and Ham.
Plant will be contracted out as a
total system for construction/engineering.
Project Status
No decision has been made yet to implement the system. The Eugene
Water and Electric Board is very much in favor of the system and
is currently considering what type of modifications would be best.
Options include upgrading an existing boiler, adding a new boiler
to the existing plant, or building an entirely new plant. Burn
tests using shredded solid waste were conducted in July and October,
1974.
24
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Lexington, Kentucky
Richard E. Hopper
Mr. William Hoskins
City Commissioner
City Hall
Walnut Street
Lexington, Kentucky 40503
(606) 255-5631
Waterwall incineration to produce
steam for district heating.
1000
$15.5 million.
Municipal revenue bonds.
Proctor-Davis & Ray Consulting Engineers
Project status
The City completed a $50,000 feasibility study in early 1974, and
is now finalizing a $110,000 design study. The City expects to
solicit bids for construction in early 1975. Initially, three
potential steam markets were considered: (1) the downtown area;
(2) the campus of the University of Kentucky; and (3) the city's
industrial park. The decision was finally made to locate adjacent
to the industrial park so as to maintain a continuous load on the
plant and thus achieve a greater plant efficiency. Thus far, the
City has received eight letters of intent from industry located
within the industrial park to purchase steam. Initially, it is
expected that the plant will handle 660 tons per day with a
throughput of 1000 tons per day as more markets are obtained.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Lowell, Massachusetts
Yvonne Garbe
Paul Sheehy, City Manager
City Hall
Lowell, Massachusetts
(617) 454-8821
Standard mineral benefication techniques
to separate and recover various metals and
glass from incinerator residue.
250
$3.177 million.
Federal share - $2.384 million.
Lowell - 0.178 million.
State - 0.615 million.
Raytheon Service Co.
R. Schroeder, Project Manager
Burlington, Massachusetts
Project Status
Design and contract preparations completed. When completed,
incinerator residue from Lowell and several neighboring
communities will be processed in the facility. Using a
series of screens, shredders, classifiers and other ore
benefication equipment the plant will extract more than
40,000 tons of products from the incinerator residue
annually, resulting in revenues exceeding $1.5 million
annually.
Construction should begin in Spring
to be completed by Spring 1976.
1975 and is projected
26
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Madison, Wisconsin
Alan Shilepsky
James Retzlaff
Engineering Department
City-County Building
Madison, Wisconsin
(608) 266-4091
Shredded and classified wastes for
energy recovery in Madison Gas and
Electric boilers. Ferrous recovery
currently underway.
200
Under studyapproximately $3.5 million.
Probably general obligation bonds.
Undecided.
Project Status
Madison currently has a shredding and landfilling operation which was
initiated under an EPA grant in 1966. The city, at the suggestion of
Madison Gas and Electric, entered into a joint study with the utility
to investigate the expansion of current activities to include the use
of shredded fuel in the utility's boilers. Horner & Shifrin, Inc.,
was contracted to do the necessary feasibility study.
On the basis of the study, Madison's mayor is having a resolution to build
a new resource recovery plant prepared for the City Council's considera-
tion. The question of public versus private operation has not been
decided yet, though the city will own the land and building in any case.
The probable design will include primary shredding, secondary shredding,
and then air classification. Madison Gas and Electric will utilize
two out of its eight boilers for shredded fuel, converted at an approximate
cost of $750,000.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Memphis, Tennessee
Robert Randol
Frank Palumbo
City Engineer
City of Memphis
City Hall
125 North Main Street
Memphis, Tennessee 38103
(901) 528-3131
Pulped fuel.
600
$10 million.
Leonard S. Wegman Co., Consulting
Engineers
Project Status
Leonard S. Wegman Company has been selected to evaluate the feasibility
of a 600 ton per day resource recovery system in which the solid waste
will be reduced to a pulp which will be mixed with sewage sludge. This
slurry will be pumped 6 miles by pipeline to a drying facility adjacent
to the Tennessee Valley Authority's Allan Power Plant. The slurry will
be dried in an incinerator which is fueled with a flammable industrial
waste. The resultant fluff will be transported pneumatically to the
Allan Plant where it will be burned as a supplementary fuel.
28
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Alan Shilepsky
Donald Roethig
Deputy Commissioner of Public Works
Room 516, Municipal Building
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202
(414) 278-3302
Shredded and classified fuel facility with
ferrous metal and corrugated paper recovery.
1000
$17 million.
Public improvement bonds.
Negotiating with Americology.
Project Status
Contracts between the City and Americology, and between Americology
and the Wisconsin Electric Power Company, were signed on January
16, 1975.
As a result of new State legislation, the new State authority may
eventually take over the Milwaukee plant and integrate it into
a state-wide system.
29
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Minneapolis - Saint Paul, Minnesota
Alan Shilepsky
Maurice Dorton, Director of Governmental
Programs
Metropolitan Sewer Board
350 Metro Square Building
St. Paul, Minnesota 55101
(612) 222-8423
Pyrolysis unit to dispose of sewage
sludge and to generate activated char
and fuels for other Sewer Board uses.
360
$15 million.
Primarily Federal construction grant funds.
Rust Engineering.
Project Status
This project is in the design stage, and grew out of the Twin Cities'
Metropolitan Sewer Board's need to dispose of the sludge coming out of
their water treatment system. Their plan is to pyrolyze approximately
100 wet tons of sludge and 360 tons of solid waste daily into gas and
oil for use in other parts of the system. This will reduce the Board's
fuel costs, which currently run about $1 million a year. Other hoped
for benefits are activated carbon from the pyrolysis char, also to be
used internally in Sewer Board operations, and revenues from the sale
of front-end, manually separated steel, aluminum and glass. The system
under design will handle only 15 percent of their sludge as they want
to test the process before relying upon it entirely.
Other Twin Cities projects are a $75,000 Midwest Research Institute
study of regional solid waste management and resource recovery as a
basis for the consideration of new solid waste legislation by the
Metropolitan Council in 1975, and a $200,000 study to be conducted
by Henningson, Durham, and Richardson of resource recovery possibilities
for Hennipen County.
30
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Monroe County, New York
Alan Shilepsky
Harold Christensen
Director of Solid Waste
Department of Public Works
200 County Office Building
Rochester, New York 14614
(716) 454-7200
Shredded fuel for supplementary burning
in Rochester Gas and Electric Boilers.
2000
$25 million, not including retrofitting
and storage facilities.
Public improvement bonds plus at least
$9 million from the State.
Raytheon Service Corporation
Project Status
Monroe County's request for proposals was prepared by the consulting
engineering firm of Black, Crow and Eidsness and drew upon a market
analysis and feasibility study dona by Black, Crow and Eidsness's
parent company, Hercules. County officials have evaluated the proposals
with the assistance of Black, Crow and Eidsness and have tentatively
chosen Raytheon. A contract has been negotiated with Raytheon and the
County legislature has authorized the County executive to execute the
contract.
The proposed design involves two stages of shredding, air classification,
and the recovery of ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
31
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Montgomery County, Maryland
Robert Holloway
F.K. Erickson
Office of Environmental Planning
Montgomery County Office Building
Rockville, Maryland 20850
(301) 279-1316
Prepared waste as a supplementary fuel
to be used in local utility boiler.
1200
$16 million.
General obligation bonds.
Pope, Evans, and Robbins Consulting Engineers.
Project Status
Based on a feasibility study by Pope, Evans and Robbins, Consulting
Engineers, New York, the County Executive recommended and the County
Council approved a ten year solid waste management plan calling for
a 1200 ton per day county-owned and operated resource recovery system,
producing magnetic metals and shredded waste fuel to be used as a
supplement to coal in Potomac Electric Power Company's (PEPCO)
Dickerson, Maryland plant.
The $16 million for the central processing facility has been approved
in the county's budget and will probably be obtained by general obligation
bonds. Funding for the $4 million receiving and firing facility at Dickerson
has not been yet arranged.
A site selection study identified five candidate sites. The site
selection process began with hearings in September, and ended with
the selection of a site in November, 1974. This site is now being
acquired. Meanwhile, the County is also negotiating with PEPCO as
to the details of their contract. PEPCO's boiler that will accept
the waste fuel is a new 800 megawatt unit that is scheduled to go
into operation in 1982.
32
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION: Montgomery County (Dayton), Ohio
EPA CONTACT: David Sussman
PROJECT CONTACT: Ernest Philpot, Administrator
County Sanitary Department
Montgomery County Administration Building
Dayton, Ohio 45402
(513) 225-4933
PROJECT TYPE: Investigating the Bureau of Mines process
of heavy fraction separation with the use
of shredded waste as a fuel.
TONS/DAY: 600
CAPITAL COST: Approximately $15 million.
METHOD OF FINANCING: General obligation bonds.
CONTRACTOR: Not known.
Project Status
In preliminary investigation stage. The County has hired an A&E firm
to design an RFP for a shredded fuel system with heavy fraction separation.
The RFP will not be offered for a few more months. The County has sent
out invitations for bids to upgrade the existing incinerators to enable
them to remain in operation until resource recovery facility can be built.
33
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Mt. Vernon, New York
Steven Levy
Seymour Lefkowitz
Intergovernmental Coordinator
City Hall
Mt. Vernon, New York
(914) 668-0737
Gas Pyrolysis
400
N/A
N/A
Union Carbide (Proposed)
Project Status
Mt. Vernon, as part of the Westchester County, New York plan, intends
to build a 400 ton per day Union Carbide Purox system which will serve
Mt. Vernon and the communities of North Pelham, Pelham and Pelham Manor,
The gas produced will be used to generate electricity which will be
sold to Consolidated Edison Company.
34
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Nashville, Tennessee
Steven Levy
Carl Avers, General Manager
Nashville Thermal Transfer Corporation
110 First Avenue, South
Nashville, Tennessee 37201
(615) 255-1460
Waterwall incineration to produce
steam for district heating and
cooling.
720
$18.5 million, including complete
steam distribution system.
Thirty year revenue bonds.
I.C. Thomasson & Associates - design
engineers.
Project Status
Nashville Thermal Transfer Corporation is a non-profit public authority,
created by the City but operated independently of the City. The project
was initiated originally as a fossil-fuel-fired steam distribution system
in conjunction with an ongoing urban renewal program. The use of solid
waste as the primary fuel was added to the project after the steam market
was assured.
The plant has been operating, but throughput has been limited because
of the inability of air pollution control equipment (scrubbers) to
control emissions at full load. New air pollution control equipment
is scheduled to be installed in 1975, thus permitting operation at
full load. Plant is meeting its obligations for steam and chilled
water by burning fossil fuel.
New steam contracts continue to increase the plant's load. In order
to meet these increasing contract demands, Nashville Thermal is
considering expanding the size of its present facility.
35
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
New Britain, Connecticut
Robert Randol
Richard Chase
CRRA; Connecticut Resources Recovery
Authority
60 Washington Street
Suite 1305
Hartford, Connecticut 06106
(203) 549-6390
Prepared waste as a supplementary
fuel.
1800
$22 million.
Revenue bonds.
CEA (Combustion Equipment Associates,
Inc.)
Project Status
CEA proposes to produce Eco-Fuel II for the Wallingford power plant
(city owned). The waste fuel will reportedly be mixed with fuel oil
and fired in combination into the existing boiler. (Ability of
Wallingford plant to accept large amounts of fuel unknown to EPA).
A contract has not yet been signed between any of the parties.
After Bridgeport, New Britain will be the second project to be
implemented by the Connecticut Resources Recovery Authority.
36
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
New Orleans, Louisiana
Yvonne Garbe
Frank Bernheisel
National Center for Resource Recovery, Inc.
1211 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
(202) 223-6154
Materials Recovery
650
$5.7 million.
Private (Waste Management, Inc.)
Waste Management, Inc.
Project Status
City has given final approval to a contract with Waste Management to
construct, own, and operate a facility which will recover glass, ferrous
and nonferrous metals, and paper from the solid waste stream. System was
designed by the National Center for Resource Recovery, who will act as
Technical Advisor to the City and will monitor the construction and oper-
ation of the facility. Site preparation was started on November 18 and
the ground breaking ceremony was held on November 26, 1974. The detailed
design work is being done by Waldeman S. Nelson Co., and the plant start
up is scheduled for Spring 1976.
37
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
New York, New York
David Sussman
Leonard F. O'Reilly
Director, Solid Waste Task Force
51 Chambers Street
New York, New York
(212) 566-0922
Shredded fuel.
1500
50 percent State funds.
50 percent City funds.
Consolidated Edison finances their
plant modifications.
Horner & Shifrin, Inc. for feasibility
study.
Project Status
City is finalizing contract with Horner & Shifrin to design a 1500 ton
per day shredded fuel plant in conjunction with Con Ed's Arthur Kill
plant, unit #20. The plant will be simlar to the St. Louis demonstation
plant. Construction will not begin until Con Ed is financially able
to pay for the required modifications to its boilers. The plant will
demonstrate the feasibility of shredded fuel in the New York City area.
Plans for a new 700 megawatt plant in the City that will burn 1600
tons per day are being formulated by the New York Power Authority.
Implementation date for the plan is unknown.
38
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Onondaga County, New York
Richard Hopper
Charles R. Stoffel
Federal Aid Representative
Onondaga County, New York
Box 23324
L1Enfant Piaza Station
Washington, D.C. 20024
(202) 554-2494
Waterwall incineration to produce
steam for district heating and
cooling.
1000
$21,503,900
Municipal bonds; bond anticipation
notes; State grant.
Carrier Corporation.
Project Status
Onondaga County owns and operates a mid-town district heating and
cooling plant which supplies steam and chilled water to various
County and City buildings in Syracuse. A few blocks away is a
district heating and cooling plant owned by Syracuse University
serving many campus buildings, several hospitals, and a housing
project. In May 1974, the County and University entered into a
contract with Carrier Corporation to conduct a feasibility study
of the possibilities of converting the two plants to the use of
municipal solid waste as a fuel.
To assist in the study, Carrier Corporation engaged the services of
Roisson and Woese, Consulting Engineers; I.e. Thomasson & Associates,
Consulting Engineers; and Edward Joe Company, Mechanical Contractors.
The completed study recommended that the existing county steam plant
be phased out and that a new steam plant using solid waste as a fuel
be built adjacent to the existing university steam plant site. The
facility would have the capacity to incinerate most of the 1,200
39
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Onondaga County, New York
(continued)
tons of solid waste produced by Onondaga County's half million
residents each day and would recover energy from this waste in
the form of steam. The existing university steam plant would be
retained as a standby unit, while the new plant would be designed
to burn waste as delivered or to burn fuel that may be produced
in the future by a pyrolysis system that would convert waste into
gas or oil. The proposed plant will produce 270,000 pounds of
steam per hour.
40
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Palmer Township, Pennsylvania
Steven Levy
H. Robert Daws, Chairman
Board of Supervisors
Palmer Township Municipal Building
3245 Freemansburg Avenue
Easton, Pennsylvania 18042
Use of solid waste as a fuel in a
cement kiln.
Estimated throughput: 150 tons.
Plant capacity: 500 tons.
$2.8 million
Fifty percent financing expected
from State, rest from township.
Elo and Rhodes, Inc. - Consulting
Engineers
Project Status
The feasibility study has been completed and the Township is moving
ahead with implementation. Detailed working drawings have been
completed and a permit for the facility has been issued by the
State Department of Natural Resources. Bids on major equipment
items are due on January 15, 1975. Project financing is still
uncertain. The entire system is now estimated to cost $2.8
million. The Township is seeking State legislation that would
provide a State grant for a portion of the capital cost and a
State loan for another portion, with the remainder financed
by the County.
41
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
San Diego County, California
Steven Levy
Case Houson, Director
Department of Sanitation & Flood Control
5555 Overland Avenue
San Diego, California
(714) 565-5329
Pyrolysis to produce a liquid fuel.
200
$6.4 million.
EPA demonstration grant - $3.5 million
County - $2.0 million
Garrett Research and Development Company, Inc.
$3.5 million.
Garrett Research and Development Co.
Project Status
Project is in the design stage with construction to begin in early 1975.
Garrett has turnkey responsibility for design and construction of the
complete facility. The liquid fuel product will be used by the San Diego
Gas and Electric Company as a supplement to No. 6 Fuel Oil in an oil
fired steam electric power plant. Nearly one barrel of oil is produced
from each ton of solid waste. Updated price quotes have been requested
for all major equipment items. Orders will be placed as soon as they
are received and reviewed - probably by early January.
42
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Saugus, Massachusetts
Steven Levy
W.C. Stephens
Energy Systems Division
Wheelabrator-Frye, Inc.
299 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10017
Waterwall incineration.
1200
$30 million.
Private.
RESCO
Project Status
RESCO (Refuse Energy Systems Company), a joint venture of De Matteo
Construction Company and Wheelabrator-Frye, is constructing a water-
wall incinerator in Saugus, Massachusetts. The steam generated will
be sold to the General Electric Company plant at Lynn, Massachusetts,
across the Saugus River. The plant's input refuse will come from some
16 communities north of Boston. The twenty year contract between RESCO
and the communities provides for an initial disposal fee of $13 per
ton of solid waste.
43
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Seattle, Washington
Alan Shilepsky
Paul Disario
Office of Management and Budget
City Hall
Seattle, Washington
(206) 583-5792
Pyrolysis to generate methane gas,
followed by chemical processing
into methanol or possibly ammonia.
1500
$56 million (methanol) or $65 million
(ammonia).
N/A
N/A
Project Status
Mathematical Sciences, Northwest has conducted a feasibility study
for the City on pyrolysis to generate methane gas, followed by
chemical processing into ammonia.
44
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
St. Louis, Missouri
Robert Holloway
David Klumb
Union Electric Company
P.O. Box 149
St. Louis, Missouri 63166
(314) 621-3222 Ext. 3175
Prepared waste as a supplementary fuel;
materials recovery.
8,000
$70 million.
Pollution control revenue bond.
In-house and Horner & Shifrin.
Project Status
Union Electric has been participating since 1969 with the City
of St. Louis and EPA in a demonstration project to assess the
feasibility of firing prepared waste as supplementary fuel into
an existing coal fired utility boiler.
Based on the success of the project to date, Union Electric
announced in February, 1974 plans to implement a $70 million
8,000 ton per day program. UE plans to accept raw waste
(2,000 tons per day at the Meramec Plant, and 6,000 tons per
day at the Labadie Plant) and prepare it for use as fuel. In
addition, metals and glass will be recovered.
In September, 1974, UE ordered 11 air classifiers at a cost of
over $4 million. In October, UE ordered storage bins at an
additional value of over $4 million. Shredder proposals were
received in January, 1975, and rail car and transport container
proposals are expected to be received in February.
45
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING;
CONTRACTOR:
Tennessee Valley Authority
Harry Butler
Edward Bales
Office of Tributary Area Development
TVA
Knoxville, Tennessee
(615) 637-0101 Ext. 2185
Fuel recovery throughout Authority's
service area. Several processes
under consideration.
7400
$20 million.
TVA debt financed.
Several.
Project Status
TVA is involved in all phases of development in area served by it.
This covers parts of 7 states and a population of 7 million. About
8 million tons per year of solid waste are generated in the area.
TVA provides technical assistance to cities and counties throughout
the region; it does not have grants or other means of fiscal support.
Staff is developing a plan for solid waste resource recovery that
would handle most of the waste generated within the region and its
fringe areas. TVA foresees installing refuse processing plants at
a half-dozen or so of its coal fired power plants. The total system
as envisioned by TVA would be able to handle 7400 tons per day of
solid waste and would provide 7 percent of TVA's total energy needs.
TVA uses 35 million tons per year of coal; hence its plants would
realize a savings of 2 million tons per year of coal (75 percent
of TVA's power is supplied by coal fired boilers). The system
would consist of the following plants.
Chattanooga-Knoxville - a 2000 ton per day facility at Watts-Bar power
plant would use a Torrax system to produce combustible gas and would
rail haul refuse to the plant. The plant would also recover aluminum,
glass, and ferrous metal.
46
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Tennessee Valley Authority
(continued)
Memphis - 600 ton per day supplementary fuel plant to input into TVA's
Allan power plant.
Asheville - 600 ton per day plant.
Paducah - 1000 ton per day plant.
Muscle Shoals - 1000 ton per day plant.
Nashville - Would be served by a facility in nearby Huntington, which
would be the first TVA facility constructed. Would supplement the
existing Nashville Thermal plant.
TVA's timetable calls for implementation during 1975.
47
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Washington, D.C.
Robert Holloway
Clark W. Hand
Environmental Planning
Metropolitan Washington Council
of Governments
1225 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C.
(202) 223-6800 Ext. 330
Waste as fuel - probably to PEPCO,
but looking for other fuel users.
650-1300
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
Washington, D.C., and Fairfax, Arlington, and Alexandria counties in
Northern Virginia are pursuing a regional approach to resource recovery.
The project is being conducted by the Metropolitan Council of Governments
(COG). The COG has contracted with the National Center for Resource
Recovery to evaluate markets for recovered materials and to conduct
a feasibility study of a facility for materials recovery and the
processing of solid waste into a supplementary fuel. The COG is
also in the preliminary stages of negotiation with the Potomac
and Electric Power Company to purchase the fuel.
The National Center for Resource Recovery's report was delivered to
the COG in January. The District of Columbia plans to prepare a
budget request for fiscal year 1976 funds to develop an engineering
design and recommend equipment specifications.
48
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Westchester County, New York
Steven Levy
Robert Dennison
Commissioner of Public Works
County Office Building
White Plains, New York
(914) 682-2537
County-wide.
400
$105 million.
N/A
N/A
Project Status
County Plan calls for upgrading 3 or 4 existing incinerators and
installing a Bureau of Mines incinerator recovery system, for
building a thermal reduction facility at the County's Grasslands
Reservation, for closing the Croton Landfills and for building a
400 ton per day Union Carbide Purox System in Mt. Vernon. Under
the plan, the County is divided into eight waste sheds for solid
waste management and resource recovery, and the County assumes
responsibility for solid waste disposal.
49
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Wilmington, Delaware
Robert Holloway
Pasquale S. Canzano
Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control
State of Delaware
Dover, Delaware 19901
(302) 678-4781
Prepared solid waste as a supplementary
fuel to be used in oil fired utility
boiler; sewage sludge will be processed;
subsystems will include composting,
pyrolysis, and materials recovery
(ferrous, aluminum, glass).
500 (One shift).
$20 million.
State general obligation bonds;
EPA grant.
Full-service contract to be bid
competitively with RFP.
Project Status
EPA awarded a $9 million resource recovery demonstration grant to the
State of Delaware in October, 1972. As a result of negotiations
between EPA and Delaware over conditions of the grant agreement,
Delaware accepted EPA's recommendation not to compost the waste
fuel to be burned in a Delmarva Power and Light Co. oil-fired
boiler. Resolution of conditions and paper work required to
amend project have delayed project about two years.
Delaware will apply for an EPA Step III Water Construction Grant
for those facilities that handle sludge. Delaware plans to ask
for $4-5 million in EPA water funds.
Delaware hopes to develop an RFP package by early 1975. A contract
should be signed by January, 1976 to design, construct, and operate
the facility.
50
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of California
Richard Hopper
Albert A. Marino, Executive Director
California State Solid Waste Management
Board
Rm. 1335, Resources Building
1416 9th Street
Sacramento, California 95814
(916) 322-3330
Development of State plan.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
In 1972 the California State Legislature enacted the Solid Waste Management
and Resource Recovery Act which established a solid waste management board
and required all counties to adopt solid waste management plans to be
approved by the State Board placing priority upon resource recovery.
In implementing this priority on resource recovery, the Act mandates the
Solid Waste Management Board to develop a State Resource Recovery Plan
considering the following elements:
1. A State-directed R&D program.
2. A demonstration program for resource recovery.
3. Changes in product characteristics to encourage source reduction.
4. The use of State procurement practices to induce a market demand.
5. Incentives, including State grants, loans and other assistance, along
with disincentives.
51
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State of California
(continued)
6. Effects of existing public policies.
7. Disposal taxes on consumer goods.
8. State pilot resource recovery projects.
To fulfill this mandate, the State Board requested its advisory council
on resource recovery to prepare a draft State resource recovery plan.
This has been completed and has been presented to the public at a series
of public hearings. As a consequence, the State Solid Waste Management
Board recently adopted a policy on resource recovery and is seeking
additional implementing legislation.
52
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Connecticut
Robert Randol
Mr. Joseph L. Boren, Director
Solid Waste Management Programs
Department of Environmental Protection
State of Connecticut
State Office Building, Room 248
Hartford, Connecticut 06115
(203) 566-3672
Development of State authority.
Revenue bonds.
Garrett Research and Development Company
(Bridgeport facility)
Combustion Equipment Associates
(Greater Hartford facility)
Project Status
As a result of a comprehensive State plan developed by the Connecticut
Department of Environmental Protection, the State legislature created
the Connecticut Resources Recovery Authority (CRRA). The Authority is
carrying out implementation of the plan, which calls for the construction
by 1985 of 10 resource recovery facilities which will process 84 percent
of the State's waste. CRRA has been given $250 million bonding authority
for facility construction. During formulation of the plan, the U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency funded a study which gave the State an independent
commentary on the proposed legislation, gave a framework for evaluation of
proposed projects, and made recommendations for the organization and management
of the Authority as well as on aspects of financing and system incentives.
Contracts for the first two facilities have been awarded to Garrett Research
and Development Company for a resource recovery plant in Bridgeport and to
Combustion Equipment Associates for a plant in New Britain, which will
serve several communities in the Greater Hartford area. Unique features
of the Connecticut plan include:
53
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State of Connecticut
(continued)
Voluntary Participation. Communities are not required to utilize the
services of the CRRA facilities, but instead may decide to do so on an
economical basis.
Rate Setting. There is no regulation of the rates charged to the
communities. However, since the system is voluntary, CRRA is forced
to be competitive with other means of disposal.
Private Sector Involvement. Since CRRA is limited to 30 employees,
the private sector will be utilized for design, construction, and
operation of facilities.
54
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Florida
Richard Hopper
J. Benton Druse
Solid Waste Planning
Department of Pollution Control
2562 Executive Center Circle, E.
Tallahassee, Florida 32301
(904) 488-1345
Development of State plan.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
Florida recently enacted legislation creating a Resource Recovery and
Management Advisory Council, and mandated that it develop a resource recovery
program for the State. While the State Board of Pollution Control is
responsible for adopting the recommended program by rule, the Resource
Recovery and Management Advisory Council has veto powers over any provisions of the
program that it objects to. By law, the Board of Pollution Control
must adopt a resource recovery and management program for the State
within one year after the "Florida Resource Recovery and Management Act"
takes effect and, in doing so, must hold public hearings throughout the
State.
To implement the adopted program, the law states that specific powers
of the Department of Pollution Control shall be to:
(1) Provide technical assistance to counties and municipalities.
(2) Charge user fees.
(3) Acquire personal or real property.
55
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State of Florida
(continued)
(4) Acquire, construct, and operate resource recovery facilities.
Furthermore, the law states that within two years after the department
adopts the State resource recovery and management program, all counties
and municipalities shall adopt, either solely or in cooperation with
other counties and municipalities, a local resource recovery and
management program which shall be approved by the department, and shall
implement the provisions of the State program.
Thus far, the Resource Recovery and Management Advisory Council is in the process
of selecting an executive director and has been holding monthly meetings
to determine how it shall proceed in developing the State plan.
56
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Hawaii
Richard Hopper
Judith Blatchford
State Office of Environmental Quality
550 Halekauwila Street, Room 301
Honolulu, Hawaii
(808) 548-6915
Development of State plan.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
In 1971, the Hawaii State Legislature enacted legislation calling for
the development of an Hawaii State Plan for Solid Waste Recycling.
This plan was completed in 1973. Responding to one of the plan's
recommendations, the State has set aside land in the harbor area
of Honolulu as a centralized recycling industrial park. In
addition, the State has invested in the design of a plant to
convert organics to oil, for which a pilot plant is expected
to be constructed sometime in 1976. Meanwhile, pending before
the legislature are still several pieces of legislation, including:
a bill to create a Hawaii Waste Recovery Authority, tax incentives
for solid waste recycling facilities, and bottle legislation.
Finally, the State is maintaining an on-going inventory of solid
waste generated and markets for recovered materials while
sponsoring small-scale demonstration projects.
57
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
.METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Illinois
Harry Butler
Patrick Lynch
Division of Land Pollution Control
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
2200 Churchill Drive
Springfield, Illinois 62706
(217) 782-6760
Solid waste grant program.
N/A
$6 million grant funding.
State appropriation.
N/A
Project Status
The State Solid Waste Office is staffing up for a grant program of $6
million for solid waste planning and resource recovery demonstrations.
The State will produce a policy planning document which will define the
State's role in resource recovery. The policy will then be implemented
in 1976. In the interim, a grant is to be given to the City of Spring-
field for a design study of a supplementary fuel system for the City
Water, Light and Power Company, a municipally owned utility.
58
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Maryland
Harry Butler
Cliff Willey
Chief of Solid Waste Services
Maryland Environmental Services
Tawes State Office Building
Annapolis, Maryland 21401
(301) 267-5666
State grant and loan program.
N/A
N/A
State appropriation.
N/A
Project Status
The Maryland Environmental Services (MES) can provide both grants and
loans for resource recovery facilities. Four million dollars of the
matching funds for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's $16
million demonstration in Baltimore was provided by MES. In addition,
MES is funding, in a joint venture with Baltimore County, the Baltimore
County Solid Waste Disposal System and Reclamation Project. Phase I
of this project will consist of shredding followed by magnetic separa-
tion. The ferrous fraction recovered will be sold to the detinning
market. The remainder is to be landfilled. MES is spending $300,000
on market and product development. Phase II of the project will
consist of recovery of the fiber (either as fuel or fiberboard) ,
glass and other heavy fraction as their markets develop.
59
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Yvonne Garbe
Alden Cousins, Director
Bureau of Solid Waste Disposal
Massachusetts Department of Public Works
100 Nashua Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02114
(617) 727-4293
Development of State plan.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is implementing a state-wide
resource recovery plan. The plan features a system of privately
financed, privately owned, State controlled resource recovery
facilities. The State has issued a "Request for Proposals"
as a first step towards implementing a resource recovery
facility in the Greater Lawrence area.
A bidders conference was held on January 11, 1975 with proposals
to be returned for review by March 18, 1975.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
State of Michigan
Richard E. Hopper
Fred Kellow, Chief
Solid Waste Management Division
Environmental Protection Branch
Department of Natural Resources
3500 Logan Street
Lansing, Michigan 48914
(517) 373-6620
Development of State plan.
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
Both the State House and Senate recently unanimously passed legislation
to establish a State program for resource recovery. The Governor has
signed the legislation, and it became effective January 1, 1975. The
legislation primarily does three things: (1) it mandates the State
Department of Natural Resources to develop a State resource recovery
plan by January, 1978, and then to update the plan yearly; (2) it
establishes a State Resource Recovery Advisory Commission and
requires it to formally adopt the State plan; and (3) gives the
Department authority to construct and operate resource recovery
facilities, issue revenue bonds, contract for services, charge
user fees, and make loans to local government.
61
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Minnesota
Harry Butler
Robert Silvagni
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
Division of Solid Waste
1935 West County Road, B-2
Roseville, Minnesota 55113
(612) 636-5740
State grant program.
N/A
$3.5 million in grant funds.
State appropriation.
N/A
Project Status
A $3.5 million solid waste disposal and resource recovery grant program
is being implemented by the Minnesota Pollution Control Authority. To
be eligible for State assistance, a program or project must be consistent
with all State approved county and regional solid waste management plans
of affected counties and must comply with all applicable local, State,
and Federal regulations. Grant-in-aid payments made by the State cannot
exceed 50 percent of the total cost of the program or project funded.
Resource recovery grants to date have been for the purpose of conducting
planning and feasibility studies.
62
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of New York
Harry Butler
David Mafrizi, Director
Bureau of Resource Recovery
Division of Solid Waste Management
New York State Department of Environmental
Conservation
50 Wolf Road
Albany, New York 12201
(518) 457-3199
State grant program.
N/A
$175 million for solid waste disposal and
resource recovery grants to local govern-
ment.
General obligation bond.
N/A
Project Status
New York State voters have approved a $1.1 billion Environmental Bond,
which includes $175 million for solid waste disposal and resource
recovery facilities. The regulations provide up to 25 percent State
funding for disposal projects and up to 50 percent for resource
recovery projects, thus increasing the incentive for resource
recovery. In addition, the regulations provide that to be eligi-
ble for State assistance, a project must be consistent with a
comprehensive solid waste management plan. Comprehensive plans
must: (1) assure that all municipalities within a -region will
be served by a solid waste recovery and management system; (2)
provide for intermunicipal cooperation; (3) define solid waste
collection service areas and the type of service to be provided;
(4) utilize modern technology to best meet local needs and optimize
opportunities for resource recovery; and (5) provide for phased
implementation of proposed systems to meet short range and long
range needs. To date, $116 million has been set aside for specific
resource recovery projects. Actual grant awards will be made to the
specific communities upon State approval of the contractor's bid price
for a facility.
63
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Ohio
Richard Hopper
Donald Day
Division of Waste Management & Engineering
Ohio Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 1049
Columbus, Ohio 43216
(614) 466-8934
Development of State plan.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
A task force of the Ohio Commission on Local Government Services recently
recommended that the State both establish a State policy on resource recovery
for operating programs of State government, and Ohio Resource Recovery
Authority to finance and operate actual systems on a permissive-use basis.
To implement its recommendations, the task force called for a $1.5 million
study to design a specific State program. As a follow-up to this recommenda-
tion, the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency has developed an in-house
"action plan" and has formed a State advisory group to provide on-going
guidance as to its implementation. Within this action plan, it is recommended
that the State design, construct, and operate resource recovery facilities
under the existing powers of the Ohio Water Development Authority to both
operate solid waste systems and to make loans and grants to governmental
agencies for the acquisition or construction of solid waste projects
(Section 6123, Ohio Revised Code). The Ohio Water Development Authority
will go seeking an appropriation for such purposes in the coming legislative
session.
64
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Richard Hopper
William C. Bucciarelli, Director
Division of Solid Waste Management
Department of Environmental Resources
8th Floor Fulton Building
P.O. Box 2063
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120
(717) 787-7381
State loan program.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
In 1974 the Pennsylvania State Legislature enacted the Pennsylvania
Solid Waste Resource Recovery Development Act creating a State loan
program for local resource recovery projects. Requirements of the
Act are that in reviewing applications for loans, the Department of
Environmental Resources shall: (1) consider the amounts of polluting
substances treated and/or eliminated; (2) the overall environmental
benefits to be accrued as a result of the projects; (3) the amount
of populations served; and (4) the extent of resource recovery to be
included. Furthermore, the law requires that no loan shall be made
to any local government which is not a part of a department approved
local solid waste management plan. Twenty million dollars was appro-
priated for the purposes of the Act. At present, the Department of
Environmental Resources is drafting rules and regulations to implement
the loan program.
65
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Rhode Island
David Sussman
John Quinn, Jr., Chief
Division of Solid Waste Management
State Health Department
204 Health Building
Davis Street
Providence, Rhode Island 02908
(401) 277-2808
Development of State plan.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
The Rhode Island legislature has created the Rhode Island Solid Waste
Management Corporation. The legislation which created the Corporation
is a result of the State Solid Waste Management Plan and is modeled
after the Connecticut Resource Recovery legislation. Environmental
Protection Agency, through a grant to Rhode Island, assisted in the
preparation of the State Plan.
As outlined in the legislation, details of the State program are:
(1) The corporation will prepare and implement a functional level
plan for an integrated statewide system of solid waste management
facilities;
(2) Municipal participation in the statewide system of solid waste
management facilities that will be developed by the corporation
will be on a voluntary basis.
(3) The corporation will make its waste management facilities available
under contract to any municipality, institution, or person at
reasonable fees established by the corporation; and,
66
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State of Rhode Island
(continued)
(4) Any revenues received by the corporation shall be used by said
corporation to provide the financial support that is required
to maintain financial solvency.
Since a bond referendum to fund the corporation failed in last year's
elections, the State is presently exploring other alternatives for
providing the necessary start-up funding for the corporation.
Although there is no funding for the corporation, the Advisory
Board has been appointed and is operating, with the expectation
that staff will be hired this Spring.
67
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Tennessee
Harry Butler
Tom Tiesler, Director
Solid Waste Management Section
Division of Environmental Sanitation
Bureau of Environmental Health Services
State Department of Public Health
Capitol Hill Building, Room 320
Nashville, Tennessee 37219
(615) 741-3424
Loan program.
N/A
$10 million resource recovery loan program.
State loans.
N/A
Project Status
The State Legislature has authorized a $10 million resource recovery loan
program. Regulations are being drafted for the implementation of this
program with assistance from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
In addition, the Tennessee Municipal League (TML) has proposed-a State
resource recovery plan - with $3.5 million funding suggested.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Vermont
Yvonne Garbe
Richard Valentinetti
Air & Solid Waste Programs
Protection Division
Agency of Environmental Conservation
P.O. Box 489
Montpelier, Vermont 05602
(802) 828-3395
Development of State plan.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Project Status
The State solid waste plan calls for mandatory separation of wastes
by the householder and for the construction of four regional resource
recovery facilities. The proposed legislation to put this plan into
effect failed to pass in 1973, and again in 1974. The State is currently
drafting more general legislation to be introduced in the legislature in
1975 that would respond to criticisms of previous legislation by being
less specific, and giving greater flexibility to the Agency of Environmental
Conservation to develop the details.
69
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION:
EPA CONTACT:
PROJECT CONTACT:
PROJECT TYPE:
TONS/DAY:
CAPITAL COST:
METHOD OF FINANCING:
CONTRACTOR:
State of Washington
Richard Hopper
Robert Martin
Solid Waste Management
Washington State Department of Ecology
Olympia, Washington 98505
(206) 753-6883
Grant and loan program.
N/A
$30 million in grants and loans.
State appropriation.
N/A
Project Status
The State of Washington is already administering a six year $30 million
grant and loan program for resource recovery and solid waste disposal.
At present, monies given for resource recovery have either been for
planning or for small-scale materials recovery demonstrations.
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ACTIVITY REPORT
Project Description
LOCATION: State of Wisconsin
EPA CONTACT: Richard Hopper
PROJECT CONTACT: Warren Porter
Wisconsin Solid Waste Recycling Authority
c/o Department of Administration
1 West Wilson Street
Madison, Wisconsin 53702
(608) 266-2686
PROJECT TYPE: Development of State plan.
TONS/DAY: N/A
CAPITAL COST: N/A
METHOD OF FINANCING: Revenue bonds.
CONTRACTOR: N/A
Project Status
The State of Wisconsin has recently created a Solid Waste Recycling
Authority with powers to plan, design, finance, construct, acquire,
lease, contract, operate, and maintain resource recovery facilities
within designated recycling regions. The types of resource recovery
facilities to be built will be determined by the Authority based
largely on information contained in the two year study which recommended
formation of the Authority. Three initial recycling regions, encompassing
11 counties have been established. Funds have been appropriated for the
Authority's initial start up costs, and the law establishes bonding
authority for capital costs. The authority is now being formed.
Unique features of the Wisconsin plan include:
(1) Mandatory Compliance. In order to insure a large waste stream
for economies of scale, to reduce risks for investors, and to
provide a continuous supply of materials for their markets, the
Authority has control of all waste collected within the designated
regions and must approve all disposal or recovery facilities.
(2) Cost Guarantees. During the first three years of operation,
rates and charges for approved facilities may be reduced by the
Authority, but they may not be increased.
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State of Wisconsin
(continued)
(3) Site Purchase. The Authority must purchase, given certain
provisions, operating municipal disposal sites that are
offered for sale by the municipality.
(4) Private Sector Involvement. To insure the use of the private
sector, the Authority is limited to 40 employees.
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APPENDIX I
COMMUNITIES RECOVERING ONLY FERROUS METAL, 1974
Ansonia, CT
Atlanta, GA
College Park, MD
Great Falls, MT
Harrisburg, PA
Los Gatos, CA
Louisville, KY
Madison, WI
Menlo Park, CA
New Castle County, DE
Sacramento, CA
Sacramento County, CA
San Francisco, CA
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APPENDIX II
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN REPORT
A&E Architectural and engineering firm
BFI Browning-Ferris Industries
CEA Combustion Equipment Associates, Inc.
COG Council of Governments
CRRA Connecticut Resources Recovery Authority
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
HMDC Hackensack Meadowlands Development Commission
MES Maryland Environmental Services
N/A Not applicable
NCRR - National Center for Resource Recovery
PEPCO Potomac Electric Power Company
PSEG - Public Service Electric and Gas Company
RESCO Refuse Energy Systems Company
R&D Research and development
RFP Request for proposals
TVA Tennessee Valley Authority
UE Union Electric Company
yallOSb
U S GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1975 582-420.240
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