xvEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Industrial Environmental Research EPA-600/7-78-160
Laboratory August 1978
Cincinnati OH 45268
Research and Development
Oil Pollution Reports
Volume 5, Number 2
(February 1978 -
May 1978]
nteragency
Energy/Environment
R&D Program
Report
T TIT? A RY
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RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES
Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U S. Environmental
Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series These nine broad cate-
gories were established to facilitate further development and application of en-
vironmental technology Elimination of traditional grouping was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields
The nine series are
1 Environmental Health Effects Research
2 Environmental Protection Technology
3 Ecological Research
4 Environmental Monitoring
5 Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
6 Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
7 Interagency Energy-Environment Research and Development
8. "Special" Reports
9 Miscellaneous Reports
This report has been assigned to the INTERAGENCY ENERGY-ENVIRONMENT
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT series. Reports in this series result from the
effort funded under the 17-agency Federal Energy/Environment Research and
Development Program These studies relate to EPA's mission to protect the public
health and welfare from adverse effects of pollutants associated with energy sys-
tems The goal of the Program is to assure the rapid development of domestic
energy supplies in an environmentally-compatible manner by providing the nec-
essary environmental data and control technology Investigations include analy-
ses of the transport of energy-related pollutants and their health and ecological
effects, assessments of, and development of, control technologies for energy
systems, and integrated assessments of a wide range of energy-related environ-
mental issues
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service. Springfield, Virginia 22161
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EPA-600/7-78-160
August 1978
OIL POLLUTION REPORTS
Volume 5, Number 2
(February 1978 - May 1978)
by
Helmut Ehrenspeck, Elizabeth Sorenson, Jim Cook, and Barbara Searles
Marine Science Institute
University of California
Santa Barbara, California 93106
Principal Investigator
Dr. Henry W. Offen, Director
Marine Science Institute
Grant No. R805052
Project Officer
L. T. McCarthy, Jr.
Oil & Hazardous Materials Spills Branch
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Edison, New Jersey 08817
INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
CINCINNATI, OHIO 45268
T
P
-------
DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory-Cincinnati, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved
for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily
reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.
-------
FOREWORD
When energy and material resources are extracted, processed, converted, and
used, the related pollutional impacts on our environment and even on our
health often require that new and increasingly more efficient pollution
control methods be used. The Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory -
Cincinnati (lERL-Ci) assists in developing and demonstrating new and
improved methodologies that will meet these needs both efficiently and
economically.
This report is a product of the above efforts. It cites current events,
literature, research, patents, and other materials relevant to the oil
pollution abatement program and is published in an abstract format on a
quarterly basis. As such, it serves as a basic reference document for all
those interested in oil spill and oil pollution control. This project is
part of the continuing program of the Oil and Hazardous Materials Spills
Branch, lERL-Ci, to assess and mitigate the environmental impact of oil
pollution.
David G. Stephan
Director
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Cincinnati
i n
-------
ABSTRACT
OIL POLLUTION REPORTS (formerly entitled OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION
REPORTS) is a quarterly compilation of abstracts of current oil
pollution-related literature, research projects, and meetings.
Comprehensive coverage of terrestrial and aquatic oil pollution and
its prevention and control is provided, with emphasis on the marine
environment. The report contains (a) citations and summaries of
1978 publications and patents; (b) status and summaries of current
research programs; and (c) information on current oil pollution-
related meetings. This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of
EPA Grant No. R-805803-01-0 by the Marine Science Institute, University
of California, Santa Barbara, under the sponsorship of the US Environ-
mental Protection Agency.
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CONTENTS
Page
Abstract iv
Acknowledgements ix
Introduction x
Serials Listing xi
Abbreviations - Acronyms xii
Sections
I. Reports, Publications, and Patents
A. Oil Pollution Detection and Evaluation
1. Reporting 1
2. Monitoring 4
3. Remote Sensing 9
4. Sampling 10
5. Analysis 16
6. Source Identification 22
B. Oil Pollution Prevention and Control
1. Spill Containment 26
2. Cleanup and Recovery 29
3. Restoration 41
4. Oil Transfer and Transport 42
5. Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods 47
6. Oil-Water Separation 59
7. Reclamation and Reuse 64
8. Personnel Training and Education •. 65
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9. Contingency Planning .............. 68
10. Prevention and Control Measures ......... 9
C. Aspects of Oil Pollution
1. Biological Aspects ............... 75
95
2. Physical /Chemical Aspects ............
3. Social/Economic Aspects ............. "°
4. General Aspects ................ 97
D. Aspects of Oil Exploration and Production
1. Biological Aspects ............... 107
2. Physical/Chemical Aspects ............ 107
3. Social/Economic Aspects ............. '^'
4. General Aspects ................ 107
E. Fate of Oil in the Environment
1. Biodegradation .................
2. Physical/Chemical Changes ............ 118
3. General Fate of Oil .............. 119
"I 9 C
4. Models and Predictions .............
F. Oil Pollution Regulations
1 71
1. State Legislation ...............
2. US Legislation ................. 127
1 po
3. International Legislation ............
I po
4. Foreign Legislation ..............
1 ?Q
5. Standards and Guidelines ............
1 ?Q
6. Agreements and Conventions ............
G. Bibliographies .................. 132
H. Miscellaneous .................. 136
VI
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II. Current Research Projects '4'
A. Oil Pollution Detection and Evaluation
14?
1. Monitoring
2. Sampling 143
3. Analysis 143
B. Oil Pollution Prevention and Control
1. Cleanup and Recovery '46
2. Oil Transfer and Transport 153
3. Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods 154
4. Oil-Water Separation 155
5. Personnel Training and Education ^6
6. Prevention and Control Measures '^'
C. Aspects of Oil Pollution
1. Biological Aspects 158
2. General Aspects 168
D. Aspects of Oil Exploration and Production
1. Biological Aspects 17°
E. Fate of Oil in the Environment
17?
1. Biodegradation t/L
Z. Physical/Chemical Changes 174
3. General Fate of Oil 174
III. Current Conferences 176
Master List of Keywords 187
Subject Index 192
Author Index 232
vn
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Patent Index 237
Appendix A: Periodicals Reviewed 2^8
Appendix B: OIL POLLUTION REPORTS Availability 241
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors wish to thank the personnel of the Marine Science Institute,
the Science-Engineering Library, and Interlibrary Loans, of the University
of California, Santa Barbara, for their assistance during the research
stages of this project.
IX
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INTRODUCTION
OIL POLLUTION REPORTS (formerly OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS) is
a quarterly bulletin which reviews pertinent scientific and technical
publications, research projects, and meetings, to provide its readers
with current developments in the field of oil pollution. This issue
contains summaries of articles, reports, patents, and other literature
relating to oil pollution published since 1975 (Section I); summaries
and status of current research projects (Section II); and current oil
pollution-related conferences (Section III). This document series is
now identified by volume and issue number; issues prior to 1978 were
identified by quarterly dates alone, as shown on the following page.
Subject coverage includes aquatic and terrestrial oil pollution with
emphasis on the marine environment. Items in Section I are categorized
by eight major subdivisions which are divided into thirty-four specific
subject categories. A list of the periodicals reviewed in preparing
this series appears in Appendix A.
Section II presents titles of active or recently completed oil pollution
research projects, summaries of project objectives, and current status
information and/or resulting publications provided upon request by the
principal investigators or performing organization. Notices of research
projects are obtained primarily from the Smithsonian Science Information
Exchange (SSIE). Entries are arranged according to the same subject
categories as in Section I. Some of the projects listed in previous Oil
Pollution Reports have been recently renewed. These projects have been
relisted with a current serial number, followed by the original number
in parentheses.
Entries in Section I and II have separate serial numbers. The letters
preceding the serial numbers designate the following: C, reports,
publications, and patents; and R, research projects. Subject, author,
and patent indexes are provided at the end of the report.
Section III, Current Conferences, contains descriptive information on
recently held and upcoming meetings relevant to any aspect of oil
pollution. Conference dates are listed; and, when information is
available, titles, authors, and abstracts of oil pollution-related
papers are included. All information for this section was obtained
from the periodicals reviewed (Appendix A) and from responses to written
inquiries concerning the meetings.
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OIL POLLUTION REPORTS
(Oil Spill and Oil Pollution Reports, 1974 to Vol. 5 No. 1)
Issues currently available, in press, or in preparation
Dates Covered Report Number
1974 July 74 - Oct. 74 EPA-670/2-75-003
1975 Nov. 74 - Feb. 75 EPA-670/2-75-044
Feb. 75 - Apr. 75 EPA-670/2-75-059
May 75 - July 75 EPA-600/2-76-129
Aug. 75 - Oct. 75 EPA-600/2-76-113
1976 Nov. 75 - Jan. 76 EPA-600/2-76-185
Feb. 76 - Apr. 76 EPA-600/2-76-215
May 76 - July 76 EPA-600/2-76-266
Aug. 76 - Oct. 76 EPA-600/2-77-037
1977 Nov. 76 - Jan. 77 EPA-600/2-77-075
Feb. 77 - Apr. 77 EPA-600/2-77-111
May 77 - July 77 EPA-600/2-77-243
Aug. 77 - Oct. 77 EPA-600/2-78-005
Vol. 5 No. 1 Nov. 77 - Jan. 78 Submitted 2/78
Vol. 5 No. 2 Feb. 78 - May 78 Submitted 6/78
Vol. 5 No. 3 June 78 - Sep. 78 In preparation
Vol. 5 No. 4 Oct. 78 - Dec. 78 To be prepared
For complete ordering information, please see Appendix B.
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ABBREVIATIONS
atm atmosphere mg
bbl barrel mi
°C degrees Centigrade min
cm centimeter ml
dwt dead weight ton mm
EIS environmental impact statement MS
°F degrees Fahrenheit DCS
ft foot oz
g gram PAH
gal gallon
GC gas chromatography pH
GLC gas-liquid chromatography
gpd gallons per day ppb
gph gallons per hour ppm
gpm gallons per minute sp.
ha hectare TLC
hr hour US
in inch USSR
IR infrared
kg kilogram UV
km kilometers VLCC
kn knot WSF
L 1i ter wt
Ib pound yr
LC liquid chromatography u
LD lethal dose pg
LNG liquified natural gas %
LOT load on top /
LPG liquified petroleum gas
m meter
ACRONYMS
API American Petroleum Institute
BLM Bureau of Land Management
CEQ Council on Environmental Quality
DOE Department of Energy
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ERDA Energy Research and Development Administration
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FEA Federal Energy Administration
IMCO International Maritime Consultative Organization
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NBS National Bureau of Standards
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NTIS National Technical Information Service
UN United Nations
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
USCG United States Coast Guard (DOT)
USGS United States Geological Survey
USDI United States Department of Interior
USDA United States Department of Agriculture
USN United States Navy x-jn-
milligram
miles
minute
millil Her
millimeter
mass spectrometry
outer continental shelf
ounce
polycyclic aromatic hydro-
carbons
the negative log of the H
ion concentration
part per bill ion
part per million
species
thin-layer chromatography
United States
Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics
ultraviolet
very large crude carrier
water soluble fractions
weight
year
micron
microgram
percent
per
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SECTION I. REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS, AND PATENTS
A. OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
1. REPORTING
C-0312-78
EKOFISK: INADEQUATE PROTECTION, BUT GOOD FORTUNE KEPT DAMAGE
TO A MINIMUM (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Offshore England No. 6:24-25.
Ekofisk blowout, Environmental effects, Fate, Evaporation,
Pollution control
It is generally recognized that a large amount of good fortune
minimized the consequences of the Ekofisk blowout. There were
no fires, no injuries, and little damage to the platform; the spill
occurred between the spawning period for cod and mackerel, and
prevailing winds kept the slick near its source until much of it
evaporated. It is also conceded that available antipollution
measures and firefighting equipment were inadequate.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(10):#7Q13393.
1977]
C-0313-78
HONG KONG OIL SPILL (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(12):267.
Oil spills, Fuel oil, Fish, Mortality, Spill cleanup, *Adrian
Maersk, *Hong Kong
More than 20,000 kg of mature fish and an estimated 400,000
individual fry, fingerlings, and immature fish were killed by oil
spilled from a Danish freighter. The Adrian Maersk ran aground
off Lamma Island, Hong Kong, spilling 400 tons of bunker oil.
Spray chemicals and booms were used to clean up the slick, but
nearly 120 fish farms had combined losses of more than £l million.
C-0314-78
WEST AFRICAN COASTAL POLLUTION (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Waste Water Treatment 20(3):40.
Contamination, Coasts, Pollution control, Africa
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"The marine pollution problems in West African countries bordering
the Gulf of Guinea were surveyed for nine weeks. Several recom-
mendations are given for the control or reduction of pollution
in these countries in consultation with the governments concerned.
Two main types of pollution were encountered: oil pollution and
pollution from sewage and industrial waste."
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(10):#7Q13543.
1977]
C-0315-78
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE MARINE POLLUTION IN ECUADOR. SUMMARY
[in Spanish]
Aguiar, F. H. 1976.
Rev. Com. Perm. Pac. Sur. No. 5:161-163.
Hydrocarbons, Detection, Pollution control, Ecuador
The presence of pollutants, including hydrocarbons, off the
coast of Ecuador is briefly reviewed. The activities of the
National Oceanographic Institute and legal approaches to marine
pollution control in Ecuadorean waters are described.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q11779.
1977]
C-0316-78
CHANGES AND CHALLENGES IN OCEAN DATA AND INFORMATION SERVICES
Austin, T. S. 1978.
Sea Technology 19(2):12.
Information systems, Statistics, Guidelines, Models, Environmental
effects, NOAA
Established in 1965, NOAA's Environmental Data Service (EDS)
provides multi-disciplinary data, and information analysis and
assessment, which aid in solving environmentally-related
problems. EDS scientists have participated in onsite studies
including analyzing and documenting the Argo Merchant spill,
and assessing ecological consequences of oil and gas exploration,
development, and production on Alaska's outer continental shelf.
EDS scientists also have developed a statistical oil spill
trajectory risk model.
C-0317-78
CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCIES EVENT SUMMARIES FOR 1974,
1975, AND 1976
Beach, R. A., and K. M. Meikle. 1978.
Spill Technology Newsletter 3(l):19-23.
Oil spills, Statistics, Information systems, Canada, *NATES
-------
Oil and other hazardous materials spills data for Canada are
presented for the years 1974, 1975, and 1976, based on information
available from NATES, the National Analysis of Trends in
Emergencies System. Of the 3,445 spills reported during this
time period, human error and equipment failure accounted for
over 40%.
C-0318-78
MAJOR OIL SPILL DIRECTORY
Center for Short-Lived Phenomena. 1975.
New York, Unipub, 1975. 142p.
Oil spills, Statistics, Environmental effects, Spill cleanup,
*Computer directory
This directory presents a systematic listing - on computer
printout - of all the major oil spills that occurred on the world's
oceans from 1967 through 1975. Spill characteristics include
resources affected, cause, and impact; clean-up characteristics
include costs, payers, and techniques.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 147570. 1977]
C-0319-78
INVESTIGATION OF OIL POLLUTION ON THE POLISH BALTIC COAST IN
1974/1975 [English summary]
Gorski, W., B. Jakuczun, C. Nitecki, and A. Petryna. 1976.
Przeglad Zoologiczny 21(l):20-23.
Sampling, Statistics, Birds, Coasts, Baltic Sea, Poland
"The material contained 667 dead water birds from 20 species.
The most numerous species were: Clangula hyemalis (46.8%),
Melanitta fusca (15.2%), Melanitta nigra (10.4%), Larus argentatus
(5.6%), Podiceps cristatus (5.1%) and Larus ridibundus (5.1%). . .
The highest number of dead birds was found in March and April
(42.3%). Many birds (82%) had oiled plumage."
[from Biological Abstracts 65(2) :#12197. 1977]
C-0320-78
SCOTT INLET SLICK: AN ARCTIC OIL SEEP?
Levy, E. M. 1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(6):21-27.
Oil slicks, Natural seepage, Sampling, Canada, *Baffin Island
On several occasions during 1976-1977 research cruises, extensive
oil slicks were observed at 71°24'N, 70°10'W, near Scott Inlet,
Baffin Island. This article is a brief report of visual
observations and attempts to sample the slick in September, 1977.
The results were inconclusive and further research is planned.
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C-0321-78
THE EKOFISK BRAVO BLOWOUT
Vanderkooy, N. 1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(3):15-25.
Ekofisk blowout, Spill cleanup, Environmental effects, Crude
oil, North Sea, Norway
A synopsis is presented of the Ekofisk Bravo blowout event which
occurred in the North Sea off Norway in April 1977. The extent
of the blowout and subsequent cleanup measures are described and
illustrated with on-scene photographs. A total of nearly
20,000 tons of crude oil was spilled, most of which evaporated
or dispersed into the water column before cleanup was undertaken.
Environmental effects appeared to be minimal. The role of the
Norwegian spill response structure which was mobilized for this
event is briefly outlined.
2. MONITORING
C-0322-78
OIL CONTENT ANALYSER
Anon. 1977.
Marine Engineering Review, April:42.
Monitoring, Ballast, Bilges, Ships, Design-engineering, Detection,
Product information, *0il content analyser
The Finnish industrial company SLO has developed the Dili Analyser,
a continuous-operation measuring device for determining the oil
content of shipboard ballast and bilge waters. The device is
accurate to ±10 ppm and automatically sets off alarms when the
oil content reaches predetermined limits.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q11795.
1977]
C-0323-78
OIL MONITORING DEVELOPMENT (product information)
[Babcock Controls]. 1978.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 9(2):33.
Monitoring, Product information, Ballast, Pollution control,
Equipment, *Babcock Controls
A de-ballasting monitor is being marketed by Babcock Controls.
The instrument gives a digital readout of the amount of oil
discharged per mile in contrast to other products which provide
only the oil-in-water content. The new device gives an early warning
for shutdown of the discharge system if the set limit is exceeded.
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C-0324-78
WORLDWIDE DIRECTORY OF POLLUTION MONITORING PROGRAMS
Center for Short-Lived Phenomena. 1975.
New York, Unipub, 1975. 2000p.
Monitoring, Information systems, Statistics, *Computer directory
This four-volume set contains a major computerized data base on
more than 700 programs operating over 60,000 pollution monitoring
sites in 78 countries and all oceans. Directory, operational,
and technical information is presented for each program. The
document was prepared by the Smithsonian Institution for the
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP).
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 147568. 1977]
C-0325-78
PETROLEUM CONTENT OF WATER AROUND THE FINNISH COAST [in Swedish]
Erkomaa, K. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Miljoevardssekretariatet Publikation. p. 271-278.
Monitoring, Hydrocarbons, Coasts, Seawater, Sampling, Finland
"The content of nonpolar hydrocarbons in Finnish coastal waters
was <0.10 mg/L in 1971 and <0.05 mg/L in 1972. The difference
was caused by different weather conditions and sampling methods.
Comparison with Swedish and Russion investigations indicate a
lower oil content in Finnish seawater."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90477j. 1977]
C-Q326-78
POLLUTANTS IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT: DETECTION, MEASUREMENT,
AND MONITORING
Food and Agriculture Organization. 1976.
Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization, 1976. 109p.
Monitoring, Detection, Chemical analysis, Pollution control,
Dispersants, Toxicity, *Bioassay
The document provides a broad review of pollutants and pollution
control procedures. Chapters discuss chemical analyses of water;
oil and oil dispersants; toxicity testing; redox measurements
in natural waters and sediments; and bioassay methods.
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C-0327-78
METHOD AND A DEVICE FOR DETECTING CONTAMINANTS IN PROCESS WATER
Hakansson, E. 1977.
US Patent 3,908,443
Monitoring, Detection, Sampling, Petroleum products, Wastewaters,
Patent
"A sampling device for detecting oil and gasoline in water."
[from Environmental Technology and Economics No. 17:7. 1977]
3,908,443
METHOD AND A DEVICE FOR DETECTING
CONTAMINANTS IN PROCESS WATER
Erik Hakansson, Landskrona, Sweden, assignor to Gotaverkin
Orcsundsvarvct AB, Landskrona, Sweden
FUed Mar. 6, 1974, Ser. No. 448,747
Claims priority, application Sweden, Mar. 7, 1973,
7303163-5
Int CI.' COIN 33/18
U.S. CI. 73—61.1 R 6 Claims
C-0328-78
APPARATUS FOR INDICATING INSOLUBLE LIQUID LAYERS ON CONDUCTING
LIQUIDS
Heidenreich, R. 1977.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,601,410
Monitoring, Detection, Petroleum products, Pollution prevention,
Patent
The device described is designed to sound an alarm in the presence
of a nonconducting layer, e_.£., oil or fuel, on water. Two
electrodes are covered with a substance which is insoluble in
water and soluble in oil or fuel. When the compound dissolves
in the presence of oil or fuel, the electrical circuit is closed
and an alarm sounds.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#169701m. 1977]
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C-0329-78
APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE OIL CONTENT IN OIL-IN-WATER MIXTURES
Hogh, M. S. 1977.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,642,917
Monitoring, Detection, Emulsions, *0il in water, Patent,
*Photosensor
The oil content of oil-water mixtures are determined by using a
light source, glass fiber optic light conductors, and a photoelectric
cell for measuring the intensity of light transmitted through
the liquid mixture.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#70758y. 1977]
C-0330-78
THE ICES COORDINATED MONITORING PROGRAMME IN THE NORTH SEA,
1974
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. 1977.
ICES, Cooperative Research Report No. 58. 19p.
Monitoring, North Sea, Contamination, *International program
Summary not available.
[from Underwater Information Bulletin 9(4):#7708/1329. 1977]
C-0331-78
WESTERN COAL AND OIL SHALE - GROUNDWATER QUALITY MONITORING
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
McMillion, L. G. 1977.
Energy/Environment II - National Conference on the Interagency
Research & Development Program, 2nd, Washington, D.C., 1977.
p. 411-414. Report EPA-600/9-77-012. (EPA Decision Series)
Monitoring, Oil shale, Development, Groundwater, Water quality,
Environmental effects, *Surface mining
The mining of oil shale and coal in the western United States
will result in widespread effects on topography, drainage
patterns, recharge areas, groundwater flow patterns and ground-
water quality. In addition, accidental releases of low quality
mine waters due to evaporation pond failure, ground subsidence,
and spillage are likely to impact the environment. In this paper,
groundwater monitoring methodology as it applies to oil shale and
coal development is summarized, and research needs are identified.
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C-0332-78
THE MEASUREMENT OF OIL SPILL VOLUME BY A PASSIVE MICROWAVE
IMAGER
Troy, B. E., Jr., and J. P. Hollinger. 1977.
Report NRL - MR - 3515. 66p.
Monitoring, Detection, Oil slicks, *Passive microwave imager
A test program to detect a marine oil spill and to determine
its thickness and volume has developed an airborne passive
microwave system. The color microwave images outlined the
entire visible slick and located the thick oil regions which
had a maximum thickness of 0.6 mm. Volume was determined by
integration of the oil thickness over area.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(20):#AD-A041 821/OGA.
1977]
C-0333-78
DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIPBOARD POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM
Tyler, B., W. Gongaware, and T. Houlihan. 1977.
Analysis Instrumentation No. 15:103-107.
Monitoring*, Ships, Bilges, Design-engineering, Detection,
*Carbon analysis
An automatic monitoring system pumps shipboard water through a
sampling mechanism. Samples are oxidized and analyzed for total
C in a Beckman Model 915 Total Organic Carbon Analyzer. Continuous
monitoring of oil-water pollution is thus performed.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(20) :#156553q. 1977]
C-0334-78
DETERMINATION OF FREE OIL IN OIL-CONTAINING SLUDGES
Uematsu, K., and T. Morimura. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 46,893
Monitoring, Fuel oil, Detection, Sludge, Patent, *UV fluorescence
A specified volume of oil-containing sludge is added to water
to separate the oil, and the floating oil is irradiated with UV,
320-400 nm. The fluorescent ray is passed through a 380-460 nm
filter and detected by a phototube. By this method, a few ppm
of fuel oil in sludge can be detected.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90432r. 1977]
C-0335-78
NEW PRODUCTS (product information)
[Wright & Wright, Inc.]- 1978.
Spill Technology Newsletter 3(1):7.
Monitoring, Detection, Product information, Equipment, *Infrared
detectors
-------
Wright & Wright, Inc. manufactures a series of infrared detectors
that are mounted over streams, holding ponds, drains, sewers,
tanker berths, etc., to provide early warning of oil spillage.
More information is available from Wright & Wright, Inc.,
P.O. Box A, Oak Bluffs, MA 02557.
3. REMOTE SENSING
C-0336-78
LANDSAT USES SPACE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE TO SOLVE ENVIRONMENTAL
RESOURCE PROBLEMS
Anon. 1977.
Environment Reporter 8(2):65-66.
Remote sensing, EPA, Monitoring, Oil spills, *Landsat,
*Enviro-Pod
Although many environmental pollution-related problems can be
monitored and analyzed using Landsat satellite remote sensing
techniques, Landsat is not an effective tool for responding to
environmental episodes such as oil spills, where rapid response,
fine target resolution, and insensitivity to adverse weather
are needed. Environmental disasters, such as oil spills, are
better monitored using an "Enviro-Pod", a compact, low-cost,
and quick-response aerial unit that can be transported to the
scene and mounted on available small aircraft. An "Enviro-Pod"
system is currently under evaluation by EPA.
C-0337-78
SPOTTING OIL SLICKS BY SATELLITE (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
New Scientist 75(1061):163.
Remote sensing, Oil slicks, Blowouts, Monitoring, *NASA Heat
Capacity Mapping Mission
The potential use of satellites for monitoring offshore oil
producing areas for Ekofisk-type blowouts and tanker spills will
be investigated by NASA. An experimental satellite will be launched
as part of the NASA Heat Capacity Mapping Mission which will study
the various heat-absorbing and reflecting properties of land and
water bodies.
[from Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts 7(10):#7Q13534.
1977]
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C-0338-78
REMOTE SENSING APPLIED TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION DETECTION AND
MANAGEMENT (A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS)
Hundemann, A. S. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0674. 138p. Report for 1964 - July 1977.
Remote sensing, Detection, Dispersions, Monitoring, Estuaries
This updated bibliography contains 133 abstracts, all of which
are new to the previous report. Topics covered include charac-
teristics of dispersion and diffusion by which pollutants are
transported, monitoring of oil spills, and application of remote
sensing to estuarine problems.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(20):#NTIS/PS-77/
0674/OGA. 1977]
C-0339-78
A METHOD FOR REMOTE DETECTION OF OIL SPILLS USING LASER-
EXCITED RAMAN BACKSCATTERING AND BACKSCATTERED FLUORESCENCE
Sato, T., Y. Suzuki, H. Kashiwagi, M. Nanjo, and Y. Kakui. 1978.
IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering OE-3(l):l-4.
Remote sensing, Oil spills, Analytical techniques, Detection,
*Backscattering techniques
A laser method for remote sensing of marine oil spills using
the title methods is discussed. "The scattering spectra of oils
obtained by using a laser Raman spectrometer that employs a CW
Ar laser are described. The backscattering spectra of oils
obtained by a laser radar technique in the laboratory and the
field are also described. Furthermore, theoretical performance
of a laser radar with a CW laser or a pulsed laser for the
detection of Raman backscattering of kerosene is discussed."
4. SAMPLING
C-0340-78
DISTRIBUTION OF PETROLEUM LUMPS INHABITED BY NEUSTONIC PERIPHYTON
IN THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE ATLANTIC, SOUTHERN AND INDIAN
OCEANS [English summary]
Benzhitskij, A. G., and G. G. Polikarpov. 1977.
Biologiya Morya No. 2:88-91.
Sampling, Tar, Oceans, Neuston, Distribution, Atlantic Ocean,
Indian Ocean, *Neustonic periphyton
10
-------
The title study was conducted during a research cruise lasting
from December 1974 to May 1975. Petroleum lumps were nearly
ubiquitous in the 0-25 cm layer of the area surveyed; these were
inhabited primarily by peculiar neustonic periphyton consisting
of attached organisms, and also some neustonic hydrobionts using
the lumps for attaching their reproductive products. The
composition of the neustonic periphyton varied with the degree
of substrate mineralization, geographical location and local
biological and oceanographic conditions.
[from Aquatic Sciences
1977]
& Fisheries Abstracts 7(12) :#7Q16493.
C-0341-78
A FIVE-YEAR STUDY OF THE OCCURRENCE OF NON-POLAR HYDROCARBONS
(OIL) IN BALTIC WATERS 1970-1975
Carlberg, S. R. J977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in The Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, Baltic Sea
Water samples were collected from several depths in the Baltic
and Kattegat areas from 1970-1975 and analyzed for non-polar
hydrocarbons by an infra-red technique. The percentage of
samples containing <0.05 mg/L (the detection limit) was 84 in
the Baltic and 74.4 in the Kattegat area. Results were critically
evaluated.
C-0342-78
PLASTICS, PELAGIC TAR, AND OTHER LITTER
Carpenter, E. J. 1976.
Strategies for Marine Pollution Monitoring.
Wiley Interscience, 1976. p. 77-92.
E. D. Goldberg (ed.).
Sampling, Tar, Oceans,
*Litter
Chemical analysis, Equipment, *Plastics,
Equipment and methods for sampling plastics, pelagic tar and other
litter on the sea surface are surveyed. Neuston nets of various
designs are featured as the most widely applicable tools for
sampling. Several analytical techniques are available for
identifying the floating contaminants.
11
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C-0343-78
SAMPLING AND CLEANUP OF AROMATIC POLYCYCLIC HYDROCARBONS
Chovin, P. 1976.
Environmental Pollution and Carcinogenic Risks. C. Rosenfield
and W. Davis (eds.). Paris, Institut National de la Sante et
de la Recherche Medicale, 1976. Proceedings of an
International Symposium, Lyon, France, 3-5 November, 1975.
p. 355-368.
Sampling, Contamination,Carcinogens, PAH, *Contaminant removal
Summary not available.
[from Current Contents: Life Sciences 19(48):25. 1976]
C-0344-78
COMPOSITION AND WEIGHT PER AREA OF PELAGIC TAR COLLECTED BETWEEN
PORTUGAL AND SOUTH OF THE CANARY ISLANDS
Ehrhardt, M., and J. Derenbach. J977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:69.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in The Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.). Abstract.
Sampling, Tar, Chromatography, Distribution, Atlantic Ocean,
Composition, *Weight
A neuston sampler was used to collect 22 samples of pelagic tar
in January/February 1975. Dimensions ranged from "potato-
size" to 1 mm diameter, and concentrations varied between 20.5
and 0.007 mg/m2. Composition of the tar balls was independent
of their size, suggesting diffusion-controlled degradation.
C-0345-78
OCCURRENCE OF HYDROCARBONS IN THE SURFACE FILM, SUB-SURFACE
WATER AND SEDIMENT IN THE WATERS AROUND THE UNITED KINGDOM
Hardy, R., P.R. Mackie, K.J. Whittle, A.D. Mclntyre, and
R. A. A. Blackman. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:61-65.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in The Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Sea surface, Seawater, Distribution,
Sediments, Chromatography, *n-alkanes
The amounts of in-alkanes (C^-C^} were measured by gas
chromatography in the title areas selected on the basis of expected
petroleum input. Similar distributions of rv-alkanes were found
in surface film and sub-surface water samples, but these were
significantly different from the distribution in the sediment.
It was undetermined whether the n-alkanes were petroleum derived
or not.
12
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C-0346-78
GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHYANALYSIS OF HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE
SEDIMENTS AND WATERS
Hung, T.-C., Y.-L. Lee, and L. Hsyng. 1977.
Bulletin of the Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica Vol. 24:
31-41.
Sampling, Natural seepage, Hydrocarbons, Detection, Coasts,
*Taiwan
Studies were made of surface waters along the west coast of
Taiwan in order to detect possible seeps from natural gas and
petroleum deposits. Hydrocarbons in the water were extracted
with chloroform and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12) :#90519z. 1977]
C-0347-78
HYDROCARBONS IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL AND SEDIMENTS FROM GREENLAND'S
COASTAL WATER [in Danish]
Jensen, V. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Miljoevardssekretariatet, Publication, p. 255-269.
Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Fish, Invertebrates, Sediments, Coasts,
Greenland
Hydrocarbons were detected in fish, invertebrates, and sediments
in oil concession areas off West Greenland. The concentrations
of pentane extractable lipids are presented.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90476h. 1977]
C-0348-78
SAMPLING AND EXTRACTION METHODS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS
Mackie, P.R., R.^Hardy, and K. J. Whittle. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:27-32.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Sampling, Extraction, Contamination, Seawater, *n_-alkane analyses
The application of n-alkane analyses to the problems of obtaining
representative samples and of minimizing sample contamination
is discussed.
C-0349-78
HYDROCARBONS IN THE OCEANS
Myers, E. P.,andC. G. Gunnerson. 1976.
Boulder, Colorado, NOAA Environmental Research Laboratories,
& Maritime Administration, 1976. 42p. Marine Ecosystems Analysis
Program (MESA) Special Report.
Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Oceans, Baseline studies, Sea surface,
*Coastal waters, *Shipping lanes
13
-------
Measurements of hydrocarbons from ocean waters throughout the
world are presented to provide baseline information for ongoing
and planned pollution studies. The data indicate an average
of 1-10 ppb total hydrocarbons for most surface and near surface
waters. Both biogenic and petroleum hydrocarbons appear to be
ubiquitous, but petroleum hydrocarbons appear to be somewhat
concentrated in coastal waters and shipping lanes.
C-035Q-78
NATURAL VARIABILITY IN DISTRIBUTION OF AN INTERTIDAL POPULATION
OF MACOMA BALTHICA SUBJECT TO POTENTIAL OIL POLLUTION AT PORT
VALDEZ, ALASKA
Myren, R. T., and J. J. Pella. 1977.
Marine Biology 41(4):371-382.
Sampling, Distribution, Mollusks, Baseline studies, Alaska,
Ports, Intertidal zone, *Macoma balthica
Natural variability in the abundance of the title mollusk was
measured over a 2-year period to provide baseline data for the
proposed Port Valdez oil terminal. Sampling was conducted
at 7 different times and at various elevation contours. This
report documents the changes, or persistent differences, in the
organism's population densities at various elevations and sampling
times.
[from Biological Abstracts 64(10):#55676. 1977]
C-0351-78
STUDY OF ORGANIC
Sharifov, R. R.,
Azerbaidzhanskii
COMPOUNDS OF OIL FIELD WASTE WATERS [in Russian]
Sh. I. Ismailov, and T. L. Gusein-Zade. 1976.
Khimicheskii Zhurnal No. 4:131-133.
fields, Hydrocarbons, *0rganic
Sampling, Wastewaters, Oil
compounds
An organic product extracted from oil field wastewaters is
described. The substance consisted of a complex mixture of high
molecular weight naphthenic-paraffinic and unsaturated compounds.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90183k. 1977]
C-0352-78
A COMPARISON OF HYDROCARBONS IN ANIMALS AND THEIR BENTHIC HABITATS
Teal, 0. M., andvJ. W. Farrington. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:79-83.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Benthos, Sediments, Marine organisms,
Uptake, Fate
14
-------
Benthic animal and sediment samples were taken from uncontaminated
coastal sediments, chronic hydrocarbon input sediment, and an
oil spill salt marsh area. Significant differences exist
between the composition of hydrocarbons in the animals and their
habitat. Uptake, metabolism, and degradation are discussed.
C-0353-78
THE ALKANES OF MARINE ORGANISMS FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM AND
SURROUNDING WATERS
Whittle, K. J., P. R. Mackie, R. Hardy, A. D. Mclntyre, and
R. A. A. Blackman. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:72-78.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Plankton, Invertebrates, Fish,
Chromatography, UK, *r[-alkanes
"Mixed plankton samples and various tissues from 11 species of
invertebrates and 19 species of fish, representing some 255
samples in total, have been analysed for alkanes by capillary
gas-liquid chromatography. On a comparative weight-basis, the
plankton samples had the highest ri-alkane values, particularly
at the coastal sites adjacent to industrial urban areas. The
remaining animal samples fell within a range of means from 0.1
to 20 yg/g wet weight, the higher value usually found in fatty
tissues." The origin of n-alkanes was undetermined.
C-0354-78
HYDROCARBON CONTENT AND CHLOROPHYLL CORRELATION IN THE WATERS
BETWEEN NOVA SCOTIA AND THE GULF STREAM
Zsolnay, A. 1977.
Deep-Sea Research 24(2) :199-207.
Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Atlantic Ocean, *Nova Scotia, *Gulf
Stream, *Biogenic hydrocarbons
The average hydrocarbon content found in 23 water samples from
the euphotic zone was about 4.9 yg/L. Based on a model relating
hydrocarbon and chlorophyll concentrations, the hydrocarbons
were concluded to be of biogenic origin.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#73129e. 1977]
15
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5. ANALYSIS
C-0355-78
STANDARDIZATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC HYDROCARBON ANALYSIS
Adlard, E. R. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:39-40.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Chromatography, Hydrocarbons, *Standardization methods
A brief statement stresses the need to use standard methods and
to include complete analytical information in marine biology
research papers. A correlation trial on 4 oils for determination
of r^-alkane/isoprenoid hydrocarbon peak height ratios carried out
by 6 laboratories differed for one oil by more than a factor of
ten.
C-0356-78
CRITICAL STUDY OF THE ANALYTICAL METHODS USED FOR THE DETERMINATION
OF POLLUTION IN MARINE ENVIRONMENT. 3. ORGANIC MICROPOLLUTANTS
[in French]
Alzieu, C., andP. Michel. 1976.
Revue des Travaux de 1'Institut des Peches Maritimes 40(1):
71-106.
Chemical analysis, Analytical techniques, Surfactants,
Hydrocarbons, Detection, Seawater
"The authors describe the analytical methods used for the determination
of organic micropollutants in sea water, such as chlorinated
pesticides, for the determination of anionic surface active material
and for establishing levels of petroleum hydrocarbons in the marine
environment."
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(11):#7Q14377.
1977]
C-0357-78
TRACING THE OIL COMPONENTS OF MARINE ORGANISMS [in Danish]
Boeler, J. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Mi 1joevardssekretariatet, Publikation. p. 279-288.
Chemical analysis, Marine organisms, Hydrocarbons
"The lipid phase in Patella aspera contained n-C]; 28.0, n-C-|5 12.1,
pristane 6.0, and other neutral hydrocarbons in concentrations of
^1 ppm. Patella vulgata and Nucella lapillus contained considerable
amounts of C23~C2g hydrocarbons. Pristane occurred in high
concentrations in the lipids of Nucella (194.3 ppm) and Dosina
exoleta (86.5 ppm)."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(11):#81500j. 1977]
16
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C-0358-78
IDENTIFICATION OF OIL COMPONENTS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY FOLLOWED
BY LOW TEMPERATURE LUMINESCENCE ANALYSIS
Brownrigg, J. T., and A. W. Hornig. 1976.
Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, Conference on Analytical Chemistry
& Applied Spectroscopy No. 406, 1976.
Chemical analysis, Chromatography, Source identification,
luminescence analysis
Gas chromatography was followed by low temperature (77°K)
luminescence analysis in a study to identify major emitting
components of oil. Data was used to interpret the luminescence
of non-chromatographed samples, which led to a better basis for
the phenomenological methods of oil identification now in use.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 149591. 1977]
C-0359-78
PETROLEUM: PROPERTIES AND ANALYSES IN BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC SYSTEMS
Clark, R. C., Jr.,and D. W. Brown. 1977.
Effects of Petroleum on Arctic and Subarctic Marine Environments
and Organisms. Vol. I, Nature and Fate of Petroleum. D. C.
Malins (ed.). New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1977. p. 1-89.
Chemical analysis, Crude oil, Petroleum products, Hydrocarbons,
Marine organisms, *Biogenic hydrocarbons
Chemical and physical properties of petroleum and petroleum
products are summarized, and methods of preserving, extracting,
separating and analyzing petroleum products in environmental
samples are discussed. A brief section on hydrocarbons and non-
hydrocarbons in petroleum and organisms is included, and a list
of basic differences between hydrocarbons from abiotic and biotic
systems is provided. A list of 181 references is included at
the end of this chapter (Chapter 1).
C-0360-78
AROMATIC HYDROCARBON ANALYSIS BY GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Doran, T. 1977.^
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:49-52.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Chemical analysis, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Chromatography, PAH
17
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The genera] approach to the analysis of aromatic hydrocarbons
in petroleum fractions is outlined, and the problems associated
with factors such as increasing carbon number are addressed.
It is suggested that several techniques are necessary for such
complex analysis rather than resolution by gas chromatography
alone. An experiment simulating the solvent extraction effect
of seawater on crude oil is briefly described.
C-0361-78
MARINE HYDROCARBON POLLUTION. STUDY OF ITS CONSEQUENCES ON
WILD MUSSELS (MYTILUS EDULIS) WITH RESPECT TO TIME ELAPSED SINCE
THE POLLUTION [in FrenchT
Fleckinger, R., G. Stevenin, and C. Rieucau. 1977.
Bulletin de L'Academie Veterinaire de France 50(l):79-84.
Fuel oil, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Detection, Mollusks, UK,
*Myti1us edulis
Contamination of mussels by No. 3 fuel oil, resulting from an
oil pollution event in the English Channel near Le Havre was
examined. High levels of aromatic hydrocarbons and benzo[a]pyrene
were detected 9 days after the spill but were no longer detectable
by day 42.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(13) :#96964n. 1977]
C-0362-78
ANNUAL REPORTS ON ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY, REVIEWING 1975
Fuller, C. W. 1976.
London, England, The Chemical Society, 1976. viii & 267p.
Chemical analysis, Spectroscopy, Petroleum products, Equipment
"This review covers recent developments in the instrumentation
of analytical atomic spectroscopy and its application to elemental
analysis in such areas as petroleum products, soils, plants,
fertilizers, water and air pollution goods, body tissues and
tissue fluids."
[from Biological Abstracts 65(3):#12810. 1978]
C-0363-78
THE ULTRASONIC DISPERSION SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, AND QUANTITATIVE
ANALYSIS OF PETROLEUM OILS IN WATER
Gruenfeld, M., and R. Frederick.^ 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:33-38.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntrye,
and K. 0. Whittle (eds.).
Chemical analysis, Source identification, Hydrocarbons, Dispersions
18
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Three projects to develop methods for the quanitification and
source identification of water-dispersed oils, and for preparing
stable oil-in-water dispersions are discussed. Existing solvent
extraction, IR quantification, and GC identification methods
were utilized. New techniques involved: 1) a rapid adsorption
method for separating hydrocarbons from other organics for more
selective oil quantification; 2) inducing comparable volatility
losses in milligram quantities of oils to enhance their source
identification; and 3) preparing stable oil-in-water dispersions
with known oil content, using an ultrasonic device.
C-0364-78
APPLICATION OF HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY TO THE ANALYSIS
OF RESIDUAL LEVELS OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Hunt, D. C., P. J. Wild, and N. T. Crosby. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:41-48.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Chromatography, PAH, Extraction, *HPLC, *Literature survey
A brief literature survey of the separation and estimation of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) using high pressure liquid
chromatography (HPLC) is presented. Suitable column packings,
solvent systems, and detectors are evaluated. Discussions include
methods of extracting PAH from different matrices, recovery
data, and specimen chromatograms.
C-Q365-78
APPLICATION OF CAPILLARY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THE ANALYSIS OF
HYDROCARBONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Oeltes, R., E. Burghardt, Th. R. Thijsse, and W. A. M. Den
Tonkelaar. 1977.
Chromatographia 10(8):430-437.
Hydrocarbons, Chromatography, Biodegradation, Monitoring
Capillary gas chromatography was used to monitor air, soil, and
water pollution by hydrocarbons. This method was also used to
characterize oil pollution and determine the rate of biodegradation
of spilled oil.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#188661q. 1977]
C-0366-78
DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES POLLUTING WATER, AS A PART
OF THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT [English summary]
Kubelka, V., J. Mitera, J. Novak, and J. Mostecky. 1977.
Chemicke Listy 71(3) :241-284.
Chemical analysis, Detection, Contaminants, Environmental protection
19
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Summary not available.
[from Current Contents: Physical & Chemical Sciences 17(17): 81.
1977]
C-0367-78
THERMOANALYTICAL MEASUREMENTS IN THE FIELD OF WATER POLLUTION
CONTROL
Literathy, P., and F. Laszlo. 1975.
Thermal Analysis, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference,
1974. I. Buzas (ed.). London, England, Heyden Publishers,
1975. Vol. 3:115-125.
Analytical techniques, Crude oil, Sediments, Detection, Source
identification, *Thermal analysis
Thermal analysis is useful for identifying oil and other organic
substances in bottom sediments, or adsorbed onto suspended
particulates. Thermal analysis is rapidly conducted, and in the
case of accidental pollution the method permits source identi-
fication. Combined with other analytical methods thermal analysis
is useful in obtaining quantitative information on oil pollution.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#72934b. 1977]
C-0368-78
DETERMINATION OF THE AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY OF POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS BY A COUPLED COLUMN LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE
May, W. E., S. P. Wasik, and D. H. Freeman. 1978.
Analytical Chemistry 50(1):175-179.
Chemical analysis, Chromatography, PAH, Solubility
The title technique is described and critically evaluated. The
method is designed to avoid problems with adsorption onto
container walls and can generate known concentrations of slightly
soluble organic compounds in water. The solubilities and the
temperature dependencies of the solubility of some PAHs have
been measured, with the precision of replicate measurements and
day to day reproducibility of better than ±3%. "In water
pollution control, such information is helpful in devising
abatement processes, in modeling natural water systems, in
designing toxicity experiments, and in developing analytical
techniques."
20
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C-0369-78
MARINE POLLUTION BY OIL (book review)
Morris, A. W. 1975.
The Journal of Applied Ecology 12(3):990.
Analytical techniques, Chemical analysis, Sampling, Source
identification, Book review
The title book [Institute of Petroleum Oil Pollution Analysis
Committee. London, Applied Science Publishers, for the Institute
of Petroleum (Great Britain), 1974. ix + 198p. Characterization
of Pollutants, Sampling, Analysis and Interpretation] is un-
favorably reviewed. It is suggested that the subtitle is more
appropriate than the generalized title, and that whereas the
book is intended for environmentalists, the only beneficial
chapters are the ones describing the types of pollutant found,
and the interpretation of the results of analytical procedures.
The book deals predominantly with the details of 13 standard
analytical methods, excludes analysis of trace amounts of
dispersed oil, and only cursorily introduces the topic of
weathering.
C-Q370-78
PARTICULATE HYDROCARBON MATERIAL IN OCEAN WATER
Morris, B. F., J. N. Butler, T. D. Sleeter, and J. Cadwallader.
1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:107-116.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Chemical analysis, Source identification, Tar, Sargasso Sea
Sea water samples from the upper 100 m of the Sargasso Sea were
analyzed for hydrocarbons bound in particulate form. Filtered
extracts showed characteristics similar to the paraffinic wax
inclusions found in pelagic tar lumps but different from those
expected from many biogenic sources.
C-0371-78
DETERMINATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN SOIL [in Russian]
Potapov, M. P., and L. A. Lukas. 1976.
Gigiena i Sanitariya No. 9:71-72.
Petroleum products, Soil, Chemical analysis, Adsorption
"A method in which petroleum product fractions are extracted by
chloroform and hexane from soil suspensions is described. The
method is used for sanitary-hygienic assessment of soils and their
capability of adsorbing petroleum products on their surface."
[from Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental Pollutants
6(9):#9445. 1977]
21
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C-0372-78
THE EVALUATION OF WASTEWATERS FROM AN OIL SAND EXTRACTION PLANT
Strosher, M. T., and E. Peake. 1976.
Calgary, Alberta, Canada, The Environmental Sciences Centre
(Kananaskis), The University of Calgary, 1976. 103p.
Publication No. 76-35. Report to the Alberta Oil Sands
Environmental Research Program, September 1976. AOSERP Report 5.
Chemical analysis, Wastewaters, Hydrocarbons, Tar sands, Canada,
*0il sands extraction plant
The organic constituents of wastewaters from the existing oil
sands extraction plant at Athabasca were quantified and charac-
terized for 21 chemical parameters. Hydrocarbon content in the
extractable material of samples was 0.04% for tailings pond
filter system effluents, and 7% for the upgrading plant discharges.
C-0373-78
NEW PRODUCTS: OIL-IN-WATER ANALYSIS (product information)
[Teledynel 1978.
Offshore 38(2):183.
Analytical techniques, Product information, *0il-in-water
analysis, *Photometers, *Teledyne
Oil-in-water analysis techniques using single wavelenth UV
photometers and chopped beam dual wavelength photometric
analyzers are available in a brochure from Teledyne.
6. SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
C-0374-78
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY HELP[S] IDENTIFY OIL SLICKS (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Water & Wastes Engineering 14(11):15.
Source identification, Oil slicks, Weathering, Spectroscopy
Research by C. W. Brown, P. F. Lynch, and M. Ahmadjian of Rhode
Island University has demonstrated the feasibility of using
infrared spectroscopy in fingerprinting oil slicks. In experiments,
85 different oils were artificially "weathered" for two weeks,
and their weathered and unweathered spectra compared by computer
methods. The technique promises to be most effective for samples
collected within one week of spillage.
22
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C-0375-78
ROUND-THE-WORLD NEWS: UNITED STATES (news brief)
Anon. 1978.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 9(2):34.
Source identification, Pollution control, USCG
A national oil spill identification program under the US
Coast Guard has been established to trace the source of pollution
incidents.
C-0376-78
USCG OIL IDENTIFICATION LABS OPENED IN GROTON, CONN, (news brief)
Anon. 1978.
Sea Technology 19(1):45.
Source identification, Chemical analysis, USCG, Compensation,
Connecticut
The Coast Guard opened a Central Oil Identification Laboratory
(COIL) where a "fingerprint" of spill samples can be produced
by chemical analysis. A national network of laboratories is
planned by the Coast Guard. The efforts of the labs will aid
in the identification of spillers and the recovery of costs
of spill cleanup.
C-0377-78
THE FLUX OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS INTO THE GULF OF MEXICO VIA
RUNOFF
Brooks, J. M. 1977.
Marine Pollutant Transfer. H. L. Windom, and R. A. Duce (eds.).
Lexington, MA, Lexington Books, D. C. Heath and Company, 1977.
p. 185-200.
Source identification, Hydrocarbons, Production, Mexico/Gulf of,
Mississippi River
Light gaseous hydrocarbons (methane through pentanes) are sensitive
indicators of petroleum pollution. Natural processes cannot
account for the occurrence of light hydrocarbons in the Gulf of
Mexico, and thus they must enter chiefly from man-derived sources,
river runoff, and/or across the sea/air or sea/sediment interface.
In particular, light hydrocarbons in the Mississippi River
originate predominantly from petroleum and petrochemical activities.
Significant impacts on coastal waters are evidenced by hydrocarbon
anomalies seen from 16-32 km (10-20 mi) off port and up to 80 km
(50 mi) off the Mississippi River.
23
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C-0378-78
USE OF PATTERN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES FOR TYPING AND IDENTIFICATION
OF OIL SPILLS
Curtis, M. L. 1977.
Report USCG-D-38-77, Contract DOT-CG-81-75-1383, 21p. Final report.
Source identification, Spectroscopy, Detection, *UV fluorescence
A study was conducted to set up identification procedures based
on ultraviolet fluorescence spectra of oils and to determine
whether or not techniques used for infrared analysis could be
applied to the fluorescence spectra interpretation. Reading
peak and valley amplitudes alone do not produce good identification.
An algorithm for assigning a sharpness factor to valleys and
peaks has been developed for a computer program which results in
very reliable identification.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(23):#AD-A043 802/8GA.
1977]
C-0379-78
SPLITLESS INJECTION ON GLASS OPEN TUBULAR (CAPILLARY) COLUMNS
Hartigan, M. J., B. Giordano, and L. S. Ettre. 1977.
C'hromatography Newsletter 5(2):24-27.
Source identification, Oil spills, *Splitless injection
"An all-glass splitless sample injection system is described and
its performance is demonstrated with glass wall-coated open
tubular columns for the identification of oil spills."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(26):#203905t. 1977]
C-0380-78
ENVIRONMENTAL OIL POLLUTION IDENTIFICATION [in Japanese]
Higashi, K., and K. Hagiwara. 1977.
Mizu Shori Gijutsu 18(5):429-437.
Source identification, Contaminants, Hydrocarbons, Chemical
analysis, Analytical techniques
"A review with 38 references."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(20) :#156722u. 1977]
C-0381-78
CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL SPILLS BY CAPILLARY COLUMN GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Matsunaga, K., T. Ishida, and T. Oda. 1976.
Analytical Chemistry 48(9):1421-1423.
Source identification, Chromatography, Crude oil, Fuels
24
-------
Chromatograms of crude oils, bunker fuels, and oil spills with
respective GC patterns are presented after analysis with a 100 ft
Dexsi1-300 support coated open tube column. All were dominated
by the n-paraffins, with up to 13 resolved, but unidentified,
smaller peaks appearing between the n-paraffin peaks of adjacent
C numbers. Using less than 2 hours of analysis time, this
technique identifies oil spills, analyzes samples as liquids
or solids with very little pretreatment, and is compatible with
computer assisted data retrieval.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 148185. 1977]
C-0382-78
FINGERPRINTING OIL SPILLS
Schlich, V. 1976.
Defenders 51(3):399.
Source identification, Oil spills, Chemical analysis, USCG,
Spectroscopy, Chromatography
A case history is presented of a successful attempt by the US Coast
Guard to identify the source of an oil slick off Florida in 1975,
and to arrest the polluter under the federal Water Pollution Control
Act. Some of the fingerprinting techniques, which involve
fluorescence-or IR spectroscopy, and gas- or thin layer chromatography,
were developed for the Coast Guard by University of Rhode Island
researchers C. W. Brown, M. Ahmadjian and P. Lynch.
25
-------
B. OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
1. SPILL CONTAINMENT
C-0383-78
CONTROLLING POLLUTION
Anon. 1977.
Offshore Fishing, May:133-135.
Spill containment, Booms, Equipment, Product information,
Tankers, Pollution control, *Lucan boom
"A description is given of the Lucan bottom tension oil spill
control boom, and details of its construction and use are given.
It is suggested that all oil tankers should be equipped with
their own oil spill booms."
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(10):#7Q13539.
1977]
C-0384-78
HYDRODYNAMICS OF CONTAINED OIL SLICKS
(Author unknown). 1976.
Ph.D. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department
of Ocean Engineering, 1976.
Spill containment, Oil slicks, Models, *Hydrodynamics
"As a first step in understanding the instabilities which are
observed when oil is contained in the presence of a sheer flow,
the problem of finding the mean shape of a pool of oil in front
of a barrier moving in water of infinite depth is considered.
The author presents experimental evidence that this problem
is one of a gravity current in which no head loss takes place
outside of a relatively thin boundary layer, and that irrotational
flow theory can be used in the water phase." Details are given,
including an equilibrium equation and numerical solutions for
friction distributions.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 142339. 1977]
C-0385-78
FLOATING BOOM
[Cascade Industries]. 1977.
US Patent 4,030,304
Spill containment, Booms, Equipment, Patent
26
-------
"The boom for restricting the movement of buoyant material [oil
on water] beyond a predetermined area on a water surface has
an elongated, flexible skirt with float means attached to the
upper longitudinal edge to support the skirt disposed in a manner
to act as a barrier for confining pollutants. The skirt is made
from sections which are connected at their ends to provide a
continuous boom and an elongated, flexible tension element
extends along the lower, fully immersed skirt edge."
[from Underwater Information Bulletin 9(6) :44. #77/12/41.
1977]
4,030,304
FLOATING BOOM
Robert E. West, Yardley, Pa., assignor to Cascade Industries,
Incorporated, Edison, NJ.
Filed Mar. 17, 1976, Ser. No. 667,784
Int. Cl.f £02B 15/04, 3/00
U.S. Cl. 61-IF i Claim
C-0386-78
OIL SPILL CONTAINER (product information)
[Environetics.] 1978.
Offshore 38(4):141.
Spill containment, Booms, Product information, *Boa-Boom II
The Boa-Boom II, manufactured by Environetics, is designed to
contain oil spills and serve as an oil slick barrier. The product
is capable of maintaining oil slicks with up to 9 km/hr (5 kn)
currents and 36 km/hr (20 kn) winds.
27
-------
C-0387-78
NEW AIRBORNE SYSTEM CONTAINS OIL SPILLS FAST
[Evergreen Air]. 1977.
Oil & Gas Journal 75(37) :126.
Spill containment, Design-engineering, Product information,
*0il collectant dispenser
A helicopter-portable airborne application system for oil spill
containment comprises a tank provided with spray booms and necessary
motorized gear, which dispenses a collectant formulation around
a spill to prevent further spreading. The system is available
from Evergreen Air of Montana, Box 4345, Missoula, MT 59806.
C-0388-78
ARTICULATED FLOATING BARRIER
Geist, J. 0. 1977.
US Patent 4,033,137
Spill containment, Booms, Equipment, Patent
A barrier for containing floating oil is described, which has
rectangular, buoyant sections, fastened together in such a manner
as to contain oil while allowing wave-generated motion to occur.
[from Underwater Information Bulletin 9(6) :45. #77/12/59. 1977]
4,033,137
ARTICULATED FLOATING BARRIER
James J. Geist, 31 TUton St., New Haven, Conn. 06511
Filed July 12, 1973, Ser. No. 378,419
Int. CM E02B 15/04
IS. Cl. 61-1 F S Claims
28
-------
C-0390-78
OIL-DEFENCE BOAT CAN RACE TO SPILL SCENE (product information)
[Vator Oy Co.] 1978.
Water & Pollution Control 116(1):34.
Spill containment, Pollution control, Booms, Equipment, Product
information, *Vator Oy Co.
The Vator 1ST oil defense boat, developed by Vator Oy Co. of
Helsinki, Finland is briefly described. The boat is capable of
speeds up to 56 km/hr (30 knots) and is equipped with a
floating plastic boom that can be deployed around a spill at the
rate of 10 m/minute. The boom, called the Nokia SUP Spill boom
is produced by the Cable Works Division of OY Nokia AB.
2. CLEANUP AND RECOVERY
C-0391-78
UNTITLED (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(12):268.
Absorption, Spill cleanup, *Forbent, Product information
A non-toxic, organic compound, called Forbent, has been developed
by the Posteor organization, Gdansk Forbent is claimed to
instantly absorb oil or oil products on the surface of water
without sinking. It can then be removed by using special nets.
C-0392-78
DRACONE BARGE INTRODUCED BY DUNLOP
Anon. 1977.
Holland Shipbuilding 26(2):78.
Spill recovery, Storage, Design-engineering, Product information,
*Dracone barge
29
-------
The Dunlop GRG Division of Skermersdale, England, has introduced
a 4,500 L-capacity barge, used for the collection and storage
at sea of salvaged oil. The barge is made of rubberized fabric
and can be airlifted to the spillage area for spill cleanup;
conversely it can be used to bring concentrated dispersant to
the spill area.
[from Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q11789.
1977]
C-0393-78
MOPPING UP OIL SPILLAGE
Anon. 1977.
Ship & Boat International 30(6):41-43.
Skimmers, Spill recovery, UK, Equipment, Product information
Oil Recovery International of Christchurch, Hampshire, UK, has
developed skimming equipment for oil spill cleanup and recovery.
The largest unit can recover up to 75 bbl oil/hr with a water
content between 5 and 15%. Smaller units are adaptable for land-
based or shipboard operation.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9) :#7Q11801.
1977]
C-Q394-78
NEW NORWEGIAN SKIMMER TO CLEAR OIL SPILLS (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Motor Ship 58(682):90.
Spill cleanup, Skimmers, Equipment, Product information,
Design-engineering, *Euroskimmer
The Euroskimmer, jointly developed by 3 European companies, is
a self contained unit designed to clean up small to large quantities
of crude oil from the ocean surface even under waves up to 2.5 m
height, wind speeds up to 10 m/sec, and in 2.6 km/hr (1.5 knot)
tidal currents. The unit incorporates a catamaran design and
utilizes containment booms and rotating disk skimmers to recover
the oil.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(10):#7Q13417.
1977]
C-0395-78
[NEW SKIMMER FROM FRANK MOHN]
Anon. 1977.
Offshore Engineering No. 6:72.
Skimmers, Spill recovery, Ekofisk blowout, North Sea, Equipment,
Product information
30
-------
A new skimmer, developed by Frank Mohn of Norway, was field
tested and proven highly successful during the Ekofisk Bravo
blowout during April 1977. The skimmer recovered about 1500
tons of oil at up to 3.5 m waves.
[from Aquatic Sciences' & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9) :#7Q11798.
1977]
C-0396-78
PROSPECT OF OPEN-SEA WORKING
Anon. 1977.
Ship & Boat International 30(6):43.
Spill recovery, Design-engineering, Equipment, Product
information, *Field testing
The Ekofisk blowout demonstrated the need for more effective
oil recovery equipment, and Oil Recovery International believe
their equipment will fill that need. Initial testing of the
spill recovery equipment has proven 100% effective, and additional
sea trials are underway.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q11802.
1977]
C-0397-78
ROUGH-WEATHER RESPONSE STUDIED (news brief)
Anon. 1978.
Sea Technology 19(3):27.
Spill cleanup, USCG, *Seaward International, Inc., *Rough-
weather response
Seaward International, Inc., Falls Church, VA, received a Coast
Guard contract to study state-of-the-art oil pollution response
technology, and to determine the best available systems for
extreme-weather incidents.
C-0398-78
SKIMMERS OR DISPERSANTS (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Offshore England No. 6:27.
Skimmers, Equipment, Dispersants, Ekofisk blowout
Of the skimmers used during the Ekofisk blowout, the Framo skimmer
appears to have been more successful than the Vikoma. Two types of
dispersants are currently in use; one is based on hydrocarbon
solvents, which is going out of fashion, the other is based on
concentrates of an oxygenated solvent such as alcohol or glycol.
The application of these dispersants is discussed.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(10):#7Q13418.
1977]
31
-------
C-0399-78
SKIMMERS SUCCESS IN BRAVO BLOWOUT
Anon. 1977.
Offshore Services 10(6):44.
Skimmers, Spill recovery, Product information, Ekofisk blowout,
North Sea, *Framo skimmer
During the April, 1977, Ekofisk Bravo blowout, the Framo oil
skimmer successfully operated at Force 5 winds and 3-4 m waves
and recovered an estimated 1800 tons of oil. The skimmer and
its operation are described.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q1197.
1977]
C-Q400-78
OIL SKIMMER STANDS FREE, OR MOUNTS ON TANK (product information)
[Aerodyne Development Corporation]. 1977.
Chemical Engineering 84(19):114.
Oil-water separation, Skimmers, Oil tanks, Equipment, Product
information
A portable oil skimmer which removes up to 30 L per hour (8 gph)
of oily wastes from tanks is described. The device uses an
oleophilic metal pickup-belt and removes less than 5% water with
the oil. The device is available from the Aerodyne Development
Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio.
C-0401-78
ON THE EFFICIENCY OF INDIAN POLYURETHANE FOAMS IN ABSORBING
SPILLED OIL
Bhandare, M. V., and R. Sen Gupta. 1976.
Mahasagar 9(1-2):67-69.
Absorption, Fuel oil, Spill cleanup, *Polyurethane foam
"The oil-absorbing power of polyurethane foam sheets and foam
powder, manufactured in India, was tested using diesel oil on
sea water. The sheets absorbed 72% and the powder 55% of their
weight. With increased amounts of oil, the absorbing power
decreased."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#189074n. 1977]
C-0402-78
OIL SPILL DISPERSANT (product information)
[Drew Chemical Corporation]. 1978.
Journal Water Pollution Control Federation 50(l):34a.
Spill cleanup, Dispersants, Product information
32
-------
"Ameroid Oil Spill Dispersant/LT is a low toxic, oil spill
dispersant formulated to combat oil spilled in fresh or salt
water. It consists of a blend of wetting agents and solvents
which transforms oil to a relatively harmless state that is bio-
degradable and non-toxic to marine life." Contact Drew
Chemical Corporation, 701 Jefferson Rd., Parsippany, NJ 07054.
C-0403-78
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING OILS AND THE LIKE FLOATING ON
A LIQUID
Ehrler, P., and J. Janitza. 1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,609,847
Spill cleanup, Absorption, Patent, Equipment, *Polypropylene
"Oil is removed from the water surface by two endless belts
made of unmodified polypropylene." The belts are pressed against
each other by rotating drums. The oil squeezed out is caught
in pans and directed to a collecting vessel.
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(2) :#11529x. 1978]
C-04Q4-78
DISPERSING AGENTS FOR OIL SLICK ON WATER
Exxon Research and Engineering Co. 1976.
Japanese Patent 76 30,030
Spill cleanup, Dispersants, Patent
A suitable dispersant is made from a mixture of a sorbitan
monoacylate and a sorbitan monoacylate poly(oxyethylene)
derivative.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90422n. 1977]
C-0405-78
NEW PRODUCTS: FLOTATION SUPPORT (product information)
[Helle Engineering]. 1978.
Offshore 38(1):81.
Spill cleanup, Product information, *Helle Engineering,
*Flotation support
Buoyant plastic spheres, 5 cm (2 in) in diameter, can be used
for oil pollution recovery. Helle Engineering produce these
spheres that provide about 410 kg/m3 (25.5 lb/ft3) of flotation
support in sea water.
33
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C-0406-78
APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING OIL FROM OIL-WATER MIXTURES
In'tVeld, C. 1977.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,652,632
Spill cleanup, Spill recovery, Oil-water separation, Oil
slicks, Patent
Oil slicks are collected by a shipboard skimmer and boom arrangement
and then transferred onboard by means of collection pipes.
Onboard gravity separation, filtration and oil coalescence units
then process the collected liquids to recover the oil.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90404h. 1977]
C-Q407-78
RECOVERY OF SPILLED OIL
Kawakami, K., and L. Moriyama. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 80,291
Spill recovery, Seawater, Wastewaters, Patent, *Powdered
plastics, *Foam
"Oils on natural, sea, and waste waters are collected by powdered
plastics <1000 u or foam of surface area >50 m2/g."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#188950h. 1977]
C-0408-78
AGENT FOR SPILL CONTROL
Kondo, G., M. Kida, and T. Akazawa. 1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76,113,356
Spill cleanup, Petroleum products, Marine organisms, Patent
The agent is made up of a water insoluble ^2-2~\ perfluoroalkyl,
a solvent, and a liquid paraffin. It has a long shelf life and
is inert to marine organisms. Oil removal rate is given at
28.5 cm2/sec.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(20):#156658c. 1977]
C-04Q9-78
CLEAN SWEEP SELECTED FOR COOK INLET DUTY (product information)
[Lockheed Missiles and Space Co.]. 1978.
Sea Technology 19(2):34.
Product information, Skimmers, Spill recovery, Alaska/Gulf of,
*Clean Sweep skimmer
34
-------
A consortium of major oil and pipeline companies, the Cook Inlet
Response Organization (GIRO), located in Anchorage, Alaska, leased
a Clean Sweep type 3100 to handle oil spills in upper Cook Inlet
and Anchorage Harbor. The oil retrieval vessel, manufactured by
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co., can recover up to 1325 L/min
of oil (350 gpm). The vessel retrieves oil using an efficient
process, based on a paddle wheel design, and is capable of
recovering approximately 96% pure oil.
C-0410-78
OIL SPILL SKIMMER HEADS FOR PACIFIC STATION (product information)
[Lockheed Missiles and Space Co.]. 1978.
Chemical and Engineering News 56(5):28.
Product information, Spill recovery, Skimmers, Pacific Ocean,
*Clean Sweep skimmer
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co. has manufactured for the Coast
Guard a Clean Sweep oil retrieval device. The unit will be used
on oil spills along the Pacific Coast and in waters of the US
possessions in the Pacific. Lockheed claims the skimmer is
capable of recovering about 4000 L/min (1000 gpm) of oil
spilled in waves as high as 5 m (16 feet).
C-0411-78
MARINE OIL SPILLS
Lovell, A. H. 1976.
Waste Disposal and Water Management in Australia, July-August:
12-16.
Spill cleanup, Australia, Contingency planning, Government
agencies, Oil industry, Dispersants
The threat of oil spills, national spill response plans and other
oil pollution control measures are viewed from an Australian
perspective. The Australian government has had a national
contingency plan in effect since 1973, and the Australian oil
industry has formed a Marine Oil Spills Action Plan designed to
develop the most efficient clean-up methods. The use of
dispersants appears to be the most widely applicable spill control
tool available at the present time.
C-0412-78
OIL RECOVERY APPARATUS AND METHOD
Lowe, J. G., and R. I. Butler. 1977.
US Patent 4,051,024
Spill cleanup, Equipment, Patent, *Plastic disks
35
-------
"An apparatus for cleaning up oil spills consists of plastic
or plastic-coated disks mounted on a rotating shaft, which
pick up the oil and transfer it to plastic scrapers from which
it is led to a collector."
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(4):#27462f. 1978]
4,051,024
OIL RECOVERY APPARATUS AND METHOD
John G. Lowe, Pequannock, and Roy L Butler, Kinnelon, both of
N.J., auignors to Lowe Engineering Company, Lincoln Perk,
NJ.
Filed Jan. 29, 1976, Ser. No. 653,501
Int C1.2 B01D IS/02. 15/06
VS. Cl. 210—30 A 16 Claims
C-0413-78
REMOVING PETROLEUM CONTAMINANTS FROM WATER
Marconi, W., R, Olivieri, L. Degen, and A. Robertiello. 1977.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,654,909
Petroleum products, Spill cleanup, Bacteria, Dispersants,
Seawater, Freshwater, Patent
A description is given of a process for removing petroleum
products from fresh or seawater by bacterial assimilation. A
mixture, consisting of a nonionic dispersant, aldehyde derivatives,
oxidizing agents, and inert carriers, is described, and forms
the assimilating agent.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22) :#172675m. 1977]
C-0414-78
OIL SPILL AND DIRECTING APPARATUS AND METHOD USING WATER SPRAY
BOOMS
Marione Construction & Design Co. 1977.
US Patent 4,033,869
Spill cleanup, Booms, Patent, *Water spray booms
36
-------
A method for moving spilled oil on water to a certain area is
given. A water spray is directed at the edge of the oil, pushing
it ahead of the spray, to the desired location. The spray
characteristics are such as to prevent dispersing the oil.
[from Underwater Information Bulletin 9(6) :46. #77/12/66.
1977]
4,033,869
OIL SPILL CONFINING AND DIRECTING APPARATUS
AND METHOD USING WATER SPRAY BOOMS
Jay L. McGrew, Littleton, Colo., assignor to Marine Construc-
tion & Design Co., Seattle, Wash.
Filed June 5, 1974, Ser. No. 476,420
Int. C».' B01D 37/00
U.S. CI. 210-65 15 Claims
C-0415-78
OIL ABSORBENT
Matsuda, Y., S. Tomita, K. Terajima, K. Abe, et aj_. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent applicationT~77 76,287
Absorption, Spill cleanup, Patent, *Pine chips
An absorbent for treating oil spills was made from ground pine
chips, <.16x2 mm, which were treated with rosin size 3, paraffin
wax, and ZrOCl2 per 5% weight of wood. The product was dried
at 80-90°, and when done, absorbed 20 times its weight of
heavy oil.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#169461h. 1977]
C-0416-78
OIL ADSORBER FROM PULP FIBER
Matsuda, Y., S. Tomita, K. Terajima, and K. Abe. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 21,477
Adsorption, Spill cleanup, Patent, *Pine pulp
"Pinewood pulp slurry (freeness 500 ml) was stirred with rosin 3,
paraffin wax emulsion 15, and ZrOCl2 5%, dehydrated, and dried at
80-90° to give an efficient adsorbent for oil spills."
[From Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#188934f. 1977]
37
-------
C-0417-78
OIL ADSORBER FROM WOOD CHIP
Matsuda, Y., S. Tomita, K. Terajima, K. Abe, et al_. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent app1icationy~77 76,286
Adsorption, Spill cleanup, Patent, *Pine chips
An oil adsorbent made of pine chips is described. The 16x2 mm
chips were sized with rosin, dehydrated, dried, and sprayed with
paraffin wax. The end product is used as adsorbent for heavy
oil spills.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(20):#156683g. 1977]
C-0418-78
CONTROL OF DISPERSION OF OIL SPILLS USING AN OIL COLLECTING
AGENT [in Japanese]
Murakami, Y., K. Hagiwara, T. Saito, Y. Ozasa, et_ al_. 1977.
Osaka Kogyo Gijutsu Shikensho Kino 28(1):12-17.
Spill recovery, Surfactants, Toxicity, Dispersions
Four surfactants were tested for effectiveness in oil spill
recovery from water. Rank order and toxicity are discussed.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#186764b. 1977]
C-0419-78
HARBOR OIL SPILL REMOVAL/RECOVERY SYSTEMS: PHASE II -
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory. 1976.
Report No. Y41-21-001-01-001, July 1976. 14p.
Spill cleanup, Spill recovery, Harbors, Booms, Skimmers,
EPA, *Tests
"Objectives of Phase II were to develop standard performance
test procedures applicable to the EPA Oil and Hazardous Materials
Simulated Environmental Test Tank (OHMSETT) facility. Standard
test procedures for booms and skimmers were developed and
validated. A support system for deploying and retrieving oil
containment booms was identified, and a boom with a frontal
screen to improve the oil containment was fabricated and tested."
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 142921. 1977]
C-0420-78
SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES OF METHODS AND MEANS FOR PREVENTING THE
POLLUTION OF THE SEA BY OIL
Nesterova, M. P. 1976.
Ambio Special Report No. 4:237-240.
Spill cleanup, Pollution prevention, Oil tanks, Emulsions,
Absorption, *Detergents
38
-------
A closed-cycle cleaning technique for oil tanks uses detergents
which produce unstable emulsions that decompose spontaneously.
Another technique was developed for localizing, corraling, and
absorbing oil spills.
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(4):#27626n. 1978]
C-0421-78
OIL ABSORBER
Sakai, Y. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 08,998
Spill cleanup, Absorption, Patent, *Coconut shell
Granular or finely powdered coconut shell can be used for
absorbing oil spills.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12) :#87069x. 1977]
C-0422-78
CRYOTHERMAL MANIPULATION OF PETROLEUM SPILLS ON WATER
Shuffman, R. 1977.
US Patent 4,031,707
Petroleum products, Spill cleanup, Booms, Equipment, Patent,
*Cryothermal material
The method for recovering petroleum spilled on water uses
elongated booms with a temperature lower than the temperature of
the petroleum. The cryothermal material increases surface
tension of adjacent petroleum, causing it to move toward a
removal area.
[from Underwater Information Bulletin 9(6):44. #77/12/51. 1977]
4,031,707
CRYOTHERMAL MANIPULATION OF PETROLEUM
SPILLS ON WATER
Sigmund Lance Ross, deceased, late of 1 Cornell St., Scarsdale,
N.Y., by Rose Shuffman, executive, Scarsdale, N.Y., and Oscar
Shuffman, 2761 Sedgwick Ave., New York, N.Y., assignors to
Rose Shuffman, Executrix, Scarsdale, N.Y.
Filed Apr. 24, 1972, Ser. No. 246,960
Int. CI." E02B 3/00
U.S. Cl. 61-IF 8 Claims
C-0423-78
OIL SKIMMER (product information)
[Skim Inc.]. 1978.
Offshore 37(13):167.
Product information, Skimmers, Spill cleanup, *Skim Inc.
39
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Skim Inc. is marketing a self-sufficient oil skimmer that can
remove a range of oil thicknesses. The skimmer is designed for
emergency standby use on drilling platforms, boats, and docks.
C-0424-78
TREE BARK - A USABLE COMMODITY
Smith, J. E., and R. R. M. Patterson. 1976.
Process Biochemistry 11(6):41,42,44-48.
Spill cleanup, Absorption, Product information, *Tree bark chips
Among the many uses for bark which have not yet been fully
developed is the application of chopped bark for absorbing oil
spills on water.
[from Applied Ecology Abstracts 3(8):#3D-9522. 1977]
C-0425-78
OIL ADSORBENT
Takahashi, R., T. Sone, and T. Hirata. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 31,992
Spill cleanup, Adsorption, Patent, *Sorbent foam
"Porous oil adsorbent foams useful in spill recovery are made
by mixing 100 parts of certain block copolymers with 3-500
parts oil having viscosity-specific gravity constant 0.79-1.05,
and optionally 200 parts olefin or its copolymer, diene or
its copolymer, or filler."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10) :#73196z. 1977]
C-0426-78
OIL SPILL CLEANUP (product information)
[3M Co.]. 1978.
Offshore 38(1):76.
Product information, Absorption, Spill cleanup, *Viscous Oil
Sorbent Type 356
Viscous Oil Sorbent Type 356, manufactured by 3M Co., is most
effective in cleaning up heavy viscosity oil spills and deposits,
such as Bunker C, No. 6, and others. Each oil sorbent pad weighs
85 g (3 oz) and will absorb 50-250 times its weight depending on
oil viscosity.
40
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C-0427-78
OIL ADSORBENT
Tsukahara, M. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application). 77,101,683
Adsorption, Seawater, Patent, *Resin filament
"An oleophilic synthetic resin filament is cut by a crusher and
partly welded to each other by the friction heat to form pellets.
The resulting adsorbent, stirred in seawater and heavy oil,
adsorbed 12 times the resin volume of liquid containing 98%
oil.
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(4):#27463g. 1978]
C-0428-78
NEW PRODUCTS (product information)
[Vikoma International Ltd]. 1978.
Spill Technology Newsletter 3(1 ):7.
Spill cleanup, Equipment, Product information, Booms,
*Vikoma Oceanpack
Vikoma International Ltd.announces the development of the Vikoma
Oceanpack, a boom system for the vigorous ocean environment.
Included is a vessel which holds 500 m of the rapidly deployed,
inflatable boom. More information is available from Marine
Equipment Ltd., 3695 Barrington St., Halifax, Nova Scotia
B3K 2Y3, Canada.
3. RESTORATION
C-0429-78
HELP! (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Audubon 79(6):101.
Restoration, Birds, Oil spills, Manuals, *Care & treatment
The New York Zoological Society has published "Help! A Step-
by-Step Manual for the Care and Treatment of Oil-Damaged Birds".
This illustrated handbook details proven methods for raising the
survival rates of oil-coated birds in rescue efforts carried
out by amateurs or professionals. For a copy of this brochure write
to the New York Zoological Society, Bronx, NY 10460.
41
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C-0430-78
HELP! A STEP-BY-STEP MANUAL FOR THE CARE AND TREATMENT OF OIL-
DAMAGED BIRDS
Dolensek, E. P., and J. Bell. n.d.
Bronx, New York, New York Zoological Society, n.d. n.p.
Restoration, Birds, Wildlife, Manuals, Guidelines, *0iled
animals, *Care and treatment
"... This book, outlining various methods for saving birds and
wildlife caught in [oil spill] disasters, is a valuable aid.
The publication details techniques to remove the oil, includes
aids to identify species, instructions for keeping wild birds,
and guidelines for proper veterinary treatment." It is available
for 50<£ from Help!, Publications Department, New York Zoological
Society, Bronx, N.Y. 10460.
[from Conservation News 42(24): 15. 1977]
C-0431-78
RECOVERY AND RESTORATION OF DAMAGED ECOSYSTEMS (book review)
Fee, E. J. 1977.
Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 34(12):
2425-2426.
Restoration, Oil spills, Ecosystems, Book review, *Ecological
disasters
The title book [Cairns, J., Jr., K. L. Dickson, and E. E. Herricks
(eds.). Charlottesville, Virginia, The University Press of
Virginia, 1977. x + 531p.] is critically reviewed and criticized
for the arrangement of the articles: ". . . it was a mistake
to try to include such a broad array of topics in a single
volume." Many ecological disasters, including oil spills, are
presented and discussed.
4. OIL TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT
C-0432-78
COAST GUARD PROPOSES REQUIREMENTS FOR REDUCING OIL POLLUTION FROM
TANKERS
Anon. 1977.
Environment Reporter 8(6):235-236.
Regulations, USCG, Tankers, Segregated ballast, Pollution control,
*Double bottoms, *Emergency steering
42
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The US Coast Guard has proposed regulations requiring oil
tankers entering U.S. ports to be equipped with double bottoms,
segregated ballast, and emergency steering capability. Double
bottoms would be required of new tankers built after 1979,
and segregated ballast systems would be required by 1983. The
emergency steering provisions will go into effect one year after
finalization of the regulations.
C-0433-78
HOVERING STORAGE TANKS IN JAPAN
Anon. 1976.
Transport Development News 1976:26-27.
Oil tanks, Storage, Pollution prevention, Japan, *Air cushion
movement
Severe pollution damage to Japanese fishing resources caused by
a large oil slick from a cracked storage tank at a Mitzushima
refinery has prompted a survey of all storage tanks in the country.
So far 500 have been found to be unsafe and many of these will
be lifted or moved by the air-cushion method while their foundations
are reconstituted. The air cushion system of moving tanks was
developed by the Southampton-based company Air Cushion Equipment,
Ltd.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#07 142642. 1977]
C-0434-78
THE PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MAJOR OIL
PORT IN A NON-INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT
Dudley, G. 1977.
Oceanic Management - Conflicting Uses of the Celtic Sea and Other
Western U.K. Waters. M. M. Sibthorp, and M. Unwin (eds.).
London, Europa Publications, 1977. p. 192-212. Report of a
Conference held at University College of Swansea, 19-22 September
1975.
Ports, Harbors, Oil transfer, Environmental effects, Statistics,
Pollution control, UK, *Milford Haven
The post-WWII development of Milford Haven into the UK's largest
port is related to the enormous increases of oil consumed by the UK
in the last two decades. This paper summarizes the general effects
of this development on fisheries, marine flora and fauna, recreation,
tourism, and visual impact, and reviews statistics on Milford Haven's
experience in regard to oil pollution. Statistics indicate that
only 0.5 tons of oil are spilled for every million that are handled.
The main causes of pollution in the harbor are enumerated, and
pollution control measures are listed.
43
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C-0435-78
ALASKAN OIL TRANSPORTATION ISSUES
Environmental Protection Agency. 1977.
Washington, D.C., EPA Office of Research and Development, 1977.
Report EPA-600/9-77-019. lip. (EPA Decision Series).
Oil transport, Pipelines, Tankers, Environmental deterioration,
Water quality, Alaska, US, EPA
Now that the trans-Alaska pipeline is operational, several
environmental issues related to the movement of Alaskan oil to
the western US must be addressed. This document highlights some
of the serious environmental problems related to air, water, and
land quality that are concomitant to the transport and distribution
of the Alaskan oil in the US.
C-0436-78
ANALYSIS OF BRINE DISPOSAL IN THE GULF OF MEXICO. (3) CAPLINE
SECTOR
Federal Energy Administration. 1977.
Report NOAA-77072523. 201 p.
Storage, Disposal, Mexico/Gulf of, Louisiana, *Salt domes,
*Brine discharge
It is proposed by the FEA to use crude oil storage caverns leached
out of salt domes in the Capline Sector at Weeks Island and
Chacahoula along the Louisiana coast. Discharge into the Gulf
of Mexico is suggested as a means of disposing of the saturated
brine to be produced as additional caverns are solution-mined.
The potential environmental impact of this disposal is examined.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#PB-271 292/5GA.
1977]
C-0437-78
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE: CENTRAL ROCK MINE
Federal Energy Administration. 1977.
Report FEA/S-77/214, FES-76/77-9. 515p. Final environmental
impact statement.
Storage, EIS, Water quality, Socio-economic effects, *Strategic
Petroleum Reserve
The proposed storage of oil at Central Rock Mine would use an
existing underground limestone mine presently owned and operated
by the Central Rock Company. This EIS has identified 3 particularly
sensitive environmental parameters: water quality, air quality,
and socioeconomic factors.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#PB-270 447/6GA.
1977]
44
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C-0438-78
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE. DRAFT SUPPLEMENT. BRYAN MOUND SALT
DOME
Federal Energy Administration. 1977.
Report FEA/S-77/211, FES-76/77-6-Suppl. 383p. Final environmental
impact statement. Supplement to Report PB-262 839, dated Jan. 1977,
Storage, EIS, *Strategic Petroleum Reserve
"This document is a draft supplement to the final environmental
impact statement (EIS) for an underground crude oil storage
facility at the Bryan Mount salt dome located in Brazaria County,
Texas."
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#PB-270 108/4GA.
1977]
C-0439-78
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE PLAN. AMENDMENT NO. 1. ACCELERATION
OF THE DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE
Federal Energy Administration. 1977.
Report FEA/S-77/225, Energy Action No. 12. 70p.
Storage, Cost analysis, Environmental effects, Economic effects,
*Strategic Petroleum Reserve
This Amendment presents an accelerated schedule for the development
of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. The benefits and costs are
estimated, and the economic and environmental impacts are assessed.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(21) :#PB-269 810/8GA.
1977]
C-0440-78
FUEL OILS [in Japanese]
Kosugi, M., T. Anezaki, C. Machida, and T. Yoshzawa. 1976.
Sekiyu Gakkai Shi 19(7):540-544.
Petroleum products, Storage, Oil transport, Refining, Oil spills,
Fuel oil, Fuels
"A review with 38 references, on gasoline, diesel fuel, boiler
fuel oil, gas turbine fuel oil, and spilled oils from the trans-
portation, storage, refining, and processing of petroleum products."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(20):#154368j. 1977]
45
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C-0441-78
A DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR PRACTICAL SUBDIVISION OF TANKERS SATISFYING
IMCO REGULATIONS
Lorentz, J. D., and D. Kavlie. 1976.
North-Holland Publishing Company, 1976. 9p.
Tankers, Design-engineering, Ballast, IMCO, Regulations, *Computer
methods
A computer method developed at the University of Trondheim for
quickly modifying a proposed tanker topology into a feasible
solution, where possible, and for improving it is described.
Tanker-design has become more complex with the IMCO anti-pollution
regulations contained in the 1973 Convention, and this method
can aid in development of the cargo/ballast region. Some numerical
examples applied to the layout of a segregated-ballast tanker
of about 500,000 dwt are included.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#20 148464. 1977]
C-0442-78
TESTIMONY BEFORE THE SENATE COMMERCE COMMITTEE AND THE NATIONAL
OCEAN POLICY STUDY ON RECENT TANKER ACCIDENTS
Tanker Advisory Center. 1977.
New York, Tanker Advisory Center, 1977. 6p.
Tankers, Pollution prevention, Design-engineering, Safety,
Surveillance, US
Losses of oil tankers worldwide are analyzed and the loss ratios
of 15 nations from 1964 to 1977 are tabulated. A program to
improve the performance of all tankers over 10,000 dwt operating
in US-controlled waters includes the following recommendations:
provide casualty records to charterers and authorities; require
tanker officers to take simulated piloting tests; retrofit
segregated ballast tanks (SET) on existing tankers; prohibit
putting water in cargo tanks; and fit double hulls on new tankers,
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 149575. 1977]
C-0443-78
CORROSION AND POLLUTION [in Danish]
Yding, F. 1976.
Dansk Kemi 57(6-7):147-148.
Oil tanks, Storage, Contamination, *Corrosion
"A review is presented on the corrosion of underground steel
tanks which often results in oil contamination."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#71492u. 1977]
46
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5. WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL METHODS
C-Q444-78
NEW THERMAL PROCESS FOR PURIFYING WASTE WATERS
Anon. 1975.
Industial Heating 42(7):32-34.
Wastewater treatment, Waste oils, Reuse, Recycling, *Thermal
process
Alcoa Aluminum Company has developed a process, using waste heat,
conventional materials, and well established technology to purify
a wide variety of oily wastewaters. The process yields reusable
oil, concentrated solid wastes, and deionized recyclable process
waters, and is suitable for a zero discharge system.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 9(1):#W76-00214.
1976]
C-0445-78
WASTE OIL DISPOSAL AND RECYCLING ASSESSMENT
Anon. 1977.
Environmental Science and Technology (16):2.
Waste oil, Reclamation, Recycling, Disposal, Economics, EPA,
Environmental effects
The US Environmental Protection Agency is funding research related
to waste oil disposal and recycling. Among the contract outputs
will be an assessment of the environmental impact of current
waste oil utilization and disposal practices, an analysis of the
energy and resource impact of virgin oil vs. recycled oil
utilization, and an assessment of current technology and economics
of waste oil reclamation and reuse.
C-0446-78
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR WASTE WATER PURIFICATION BY ELECTROFLOTATION
Alfenaar, M. 1977.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,635,517
Emulsions, Wastewater treatment, Flotation, Coalescence, *Electrolysis
Wastewaters containing oil emulsions are passed upward through
perforated electrodes, so that electrolytically formed gas bubbles
attach themselves to suspended oil droplets and float the droplets
to the surface where they coalesce into an easily removed foam.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90363w. 1977]
47
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C-0447-78
TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS
Callely, A. G., C. F. Forster, and D. A. Stafford (eds.). 1977.
London, Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd., 1977. xiii & 378p.
Wastewater treatment, Waste oil treatment, Oil spills, Petrochemicals,
Biodegradation, Microorganisms, Industries
This book surveys the general principles of industrial wastewater
treatment, emphasizing new developments in microbiological waste-
water purification processes. Various industries are considered
separately and a chapter is included on the petrochemicals industry,
the treatment of industrial waste oils and oily wastewaters, and
the natural fate and treatment of oil spills in the marine
environment.
C-0448-78
SHORE FACILITIES FOR RECEPTION AND TREATMENT OF CARGO RESIDUES
DIRTY BALLAST WATER FROM OIL AND/OR CHEMICAL TANKERS, OF OILY
BILGE WATERS FROM ALL SHIPS, AS WELL AS FOR GAS FREEING OF
TANKERS [sic]
Conti, C., and E. Biancuni. 1975.
Registro Italiano Navale Technical Bulletin No. 57, Nov. 1975.
83p.
Wastewater treatment, Ballast, Bilges, Tankers, *Shore facilities
The authors recommend the installation of shore facilities and
assess the parameters for the design involved. Unit operations
performed are discussed and a model is described.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 149293. 1977]
C-0449-78
THE PETROCHEMICALS AND RESINS INDUSTRY
Cox, A. P. 1977.
Treatment of Industrial Effluents. A. G. Callely, C. F. Forster,
and D. A. Stafford (eds.). London, Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd.,
1977. p. 218-228.
Petrochemicals, Industries, Wastewater treatment, Biodegradation,
Adsorption, Oxidation, *Activated carbon
The petrochemicals industry's use of water and treatment of process
waters is reviewed, with emphasis on biooxidation methods and
the use of activated carbon adsorption.
48
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C-Q450-78
TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING OILS
Fukumori, R. 1976.
Japanese Patent 76 44,504
Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Oil-water separation, Patent
To separate emulsified oil from wastewaters, a copolymeride
product of a C02H-containing monomer and one from an ester of
C>4 aliphatic alcohol-acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or a
fatty acid vinyl derivative are added.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#72975r. 1977]
C-0451-78
FACILITIES IMPROVEMENT FOR BIOCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF PETROLEUM
REFINERY WASTEWATER
Gerber, V. Ya. 1976.
Symposium on Intensification of Bio-Chemical Treatment of Waste-
waters, Moscow, USSR, 1976. Washington, DC, US Environmental
Protection Agency, 1976. p. 30-31.
Refineries, Wastewater treatment, Oxidation, *Biochemical
treatment
"The use of combined facilities with high sludge doses and technical
0 instead of air intensified the biochemical treatment process
for petroleum refining wastewater."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#72873f. 1977]
C-Q452-78
TREATMENT OF SURFACTANT-CONTAINING WASTEWATER
Hara, M. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 09,968
Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Surfactants, Patent
"An NH^, alkali metal, or alkaline earth metal salt of tannin-
HCHO condensate and an inorganic coagulant are added to a surfactant-
containing wastewater to remove surfactants and emulsified oils."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#72984t. 1977]
C-0453-78
BILGE WATER TREATMENT WITH A TUBULAR ULTRA-FILTRATION SYSTEM
Harris, L. R., D. F. Jackson, and P. Schatzberg. 1976.
David Taylor Naval Ship R & D Center, (SSL59) R & D Report
DTNSRDC-76-0056. 36p.
Ultrafiltration, Wastewater treatment, Bilges, Fuel oil, Lubricating
oil
49
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A tubular ultrafiItration system using cellulosic and non-
cellulosic membranes was tested with a fuel oil, a lubricating
oil, and bilge oil obtained from a YP (Patrol Craft). Both types
produced good permeate quality, determined to be consistently
less than 15 mg of oil/L. Both membranes, upon exposure to the
YP bilge water, showed an irreversible flux decline; however,
a modification in the cleaning procedure completely restored
flux in the noncellulosic membrane.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 146059. 1977]
C-0454-78
ENZYME TECHNOLOGY FOR SHIPBOARD WASTE MANAGEMENT
Harris, L. R., and A. E. Lardis. 1976.
David Taylor Naval Ship R & D Center, (F57572), R & D Report No.
DTNSRDC - 76-0117. 32p.
Ships, Pollution control, Monitoring, Analytical techniques,
*Enzyme technology
Oil pollution control and analytical/monitoring systems are two
of the areas identified for application of enzyme technology.
Discussion includes recommendations for future research.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 151688. 1977]
C-0455-78
TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE OILS
Hill, E. C. 1977.
Treatment of Industrial Effluents. A. G. Callely, C. F. Forster,
and D. A. Stafford (eds.). London, Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd.,
1977. p. 336-345.
Waste oil treatment, Disposal, Industries, Wastewater treatment,
Biodegradation, Reclamation
Separately discussed are the industrial waste oils that are
reclaimable for reuse, and the oily industrial process waters
from which oils are chemically or mechanically separated and
subsequently disposed of by biodegradation.
C-0456-78
TREATMENT OF OIL EMULSION-CONTAINING WASTEWATER
Ikeda, S., Y. Fujimoto, T. Sato, and M. Yamazaki. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 22,363
Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Precipitation, Absorption,
Patent
50
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A water-soluble aluminum salt is added to oily wastewater and the
pH is adjusted to 5-6.5, in order to absorb the oil on A1(OH3)
and to form a removable precipitate.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90365w. 1977]
C-0457-78
SEPARATOR FOR LIGHT LIQUIDS, ESPECIALLY FOR USE IN WASTE WATER
PURIFICATION
Johne, G., and F. W. Roessner. 1976.
East German Patent 123,304
Wastewater treatment, Oil-water separation, Patent
A wastewater treatment tank is described which contains an oil-
water separation section. The section has an inclined floor and
a weir over which the oil flows to a collection point. Water
passes out of the unit through pipes adjusted to remain below the
oil collection level.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90397h. 1977]
C-0458-78
SOLVING PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTEWATER PROBLEMS
Lindsay, J. T., and B. V. Prather. 1977.
Journal Waste Pollution Control Federation 49(8): 1779-1785.
Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Design-engineering
Each refinery has its own unique set of wastewater treatment
problems and requires a custom-designed treatment system. Data
acquisition surveys are described which produce the data necessary
for problem definition as well as problem evaluation. A case
history of a petroleum refinery is presented wherein the approach
was used to design and fabricate a wastewater treatment system.
C-0459-78
USE OF POLYURETHANE FOAM FOR PURIFYING OIL-CONTAINING WASTE
WATERS [in Russian]
Lozovskii, D. S., Yu. A. Khailovich, V. I. Kikhteva, and
S.K. Sevryukov. 1977.
Vodosnabzhenie i Sanitarnaya Tekhnika No. 4:28-30.
Wastewater treatment, Filtration, Oil-water separation,
*Polyurethane foam
51
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Oil-containing wastewaters were passed through a sand trap,
settlement tank, and filter containing polyurethane packings,
and oil was removed with 97-99% efficiency.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90191m. 1977]
C-0460-78
REMOVAL OF EMULSIFIED OIL WITH ORGANIC COAGULANTS AND DISSOLVED
AIR FLOTATION
Luthy, R. G., R. E. Selleck, and T. R. Galloway. 1978.
Journal Water Pollution Control Federation 50(2):331-346.
Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Refineries, Flotation,
Flocculation, Coagulation
Because the separation and removal of emulsified oil in refinery
wastewaters by dissolved air flotation (DAF) is poorly understood,
a laboratory and pilot plant study of the process was undertaken.
Primary mechanisms of oil droplet-air bubble interaction, and the
feasibility and cost-effectiveness of using organic surface-
active agents and polyelectrolytes as coagulants in the DAF
process were investigated. Results and recommendations are
presented.
C-0461-78
REUSE OF CONDENSATE IN PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS
Mansfield, G. H. 1976.
Progress in Water Technology 8(2/3):55-63.
Wastewater treatment, Petrochemicals, Contamination, *Steam
condensate reuse
Condensed steam recovery and reuse is an important economic and
ecological issue in the petrochemicals field. Contamination and
treatment of the condensate is discussed. Organic contamination
(including hydrocarbons) represents the most difficult area for
detection and effluent disposal.
C-0462-78
PROBLEMS OF WASTE-WATER PURIFICATION AT FUEL DEPOTS [English
Summary]
Martin, A., and W. Hagemeier. 1977.
Technik und Umweltschutz No. 16:58-79.
Hydrocarbons, Soil, Groundwater, Wastewater treatment, Pollution
control, *Fuel depots
"A review, with 57 references, of the presence of petroleum
hydrocarbons in soil and groundwater and a method of decreasing
the pollution."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172247y. 1977]
52
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C-0463-78
ACTIVATED SLUDGE DEGRADABILITY OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN THE
WASTE WATER OF THE KASHIMA PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIAL
COMPLEX IN JAPAN
Matsui, S., T. Murakami, T. Sasaki, Y. Hirose, and Y. Iguma. 1975.
Progress in Water Technology 7(3/4) -.645-659.
Wastewater treatment, Oil industry, Petrochemicals, Biodegradation,
Activated sludge, Japan
Experiments to determine the biodegradability of 35 organic substances
were carried out with activated sludge which was used daily in
the operation of the joint wastewater treatment plant. Of the
35 organic substances, 14 were screened out as being strongly
bioresistant. The discharge of these substances is not environmentally
favorable, and suggestions for prevention of discharge are given.
C-0464-78
REMOVAL OF WATER IMMISCIBLE LIQUID FROM AQUEOUS PHASE
Matsumura, Y. 1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76,117,973
Waste oil treatment, Spill cleanup, Spill disposal, Adsorption,
Patent, *Magnetic powder
Spilled oil and organic solvents can be removed from the water
surface by means of adsorption onto a magnetic powder, such as
steelmaking furnace dust, followed by magnetic collection of the
powder and liquid mixture and disposal by pumping.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#72949k. 1977]
C-0465-78
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH PROGRAM: TRANSPORT AND DISPERSION OF
OIL-REFINERY WASTES IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF SOUTHWESTERN LAKE
MICHIGAN (EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: SINKING-PLUME CONDITION)
McCown, D. L., W. Harrison, and W. Orvosh. 1976.
Report ANL/WR-76-4. 51 p.
Wastewaters, Disposal, Refineries, Spreading, Dispersion, Coasts,
Great Lakes, Michigan
Field studies were conducted on the spreading and dispersion
of chemically tagged, simulated refinery wastewaters. The dispersed
phases were subsequently analyzed by neutron activation techniques.
The methodology was judged to be successful in studying the transport
and dispersion of simulated refinery wastes injected into coastal
waters.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90199v. 1977]
53
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C-0466-78
PURIFICATION OF HYDROCARBONS-CONTAINING WASTE WATER WITH
ACTIVATED CARBON IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY. POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS
OF THE METHOD IN OTHER BRANCHES OF THE INDUSTRY [in Swedish]
Nurminen, M. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Mi 1joevardssekretariatet, Publication, p. 615-624.
Wastewater treatment, Oil industry, Adsorption, Equipment,
*Activated carbon
A review of petroleum industry wastewater treatment is presented,
comparing activated carbon adsorption to other methods.
Advantages of activated-C treatment include a simple process
and plant equipment, low sensitivity to rapid load variations,
ease of starting and stopping the process, absence of toxicity
symptoms, no formation of sludge, no need for auxiliary chemicals,
and no odor problems.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#72784c. 1977]
C-0467-78
TREATMENT OF OIL-CONTAINING WASTE WATER
Ohtsubo, K. 1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76,138,057
Wastewater treatment, Oil-water separation, Precipitation, Patent
Oily wastewaters are treated with H2S04 and FeS04 or a Fe2+ salt
to pH 4-5 to separate an oil layer and an oil-containing water
layer. Ca(OH)2 is added to the oil-containing water to adjust
pH to 10-12, followed by HC1, Al chloride, and finally an anionic
polymer coagulant which precipitates oil and suspended matter.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#73085n. 1977]
C-0468-78
THE EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE ON THE AEROBIC MICROBIOLOGICAL
TREATMENT OF A PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTEWATER
Phillips, W. E., Jr., and L. R. Brown. 1975.
Developments in Industrial Microbiology Vol. 16:296-304.
Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Microorganisms, *Temperature
effects
Under aerobic conditions, microbiological treatment of oil
refinery wastewaters was as efficient at 55° as at 30° in reducing
organic components and total suspended solids. However, the
removal of phenol, anthracene, naphthalene, toluene and phenanthrene
differed in the 30° vs. 55° treatment.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12) :#90209y. 1977]
54
-------
C-0469-78
WASTE OIL AND REREFINED OIL
Piirila, E. 1977.
Kemia - Kemi 4(1/2):42-43.
Waste oil, Reclamation, Refining, Contamination, *Combustion
"A review with no references of the nature of waste oils, their
degree of contamination as a function of the use conditions,
Pb pollution by waste oil combustion, the H2S04 earth process
of oil recovery, and quality testing of rerefined oils."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#72776b. 1977]
C-Q470-78
CRUDE WASHING
Powell, W. J. 1976.
Exxon International Incorporated, Maritime Administration.
Final report, EII. 12TMR.76, MA/RD-940-76056, June 1976.
Contract C-5-38000. 143p.
Oil discharges, Tankers, Pollution prevention, Ballast, Sludge,
*Crude oil washing
"Crude washing is the process of washing the tanks of crude
carriers during cargo discharge, using the cargo as the washing
fluid. This report summarizes tests conducted to determine the
effectiveness of crude washing. It concludes that crude washing
is a viable technique for reducing operational pollution in
normal ballast handling and sludge removal operations."
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#19 143348. 1977]
C-0471-78
REMOVAL OF GREASE AND OIL FROM PARTICIPATE BED GRANULES BY
BACKWASHING WITH A DETERGENT
Ross, D. S. 1976.
U.S. Patent 4,032,443
Wastewater treatment, Filtration, Surfactants, Patent
55
-------
Oi,l and grease trapped in wastewater filter beds is removed by
backwashing under pressure, using NaOCl and Na phosphate compounds
as cleaning agents.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#73079p. 1977]
4,032,443
REMOVAL OF GREASE AND OIL FROM PARTICULATE
BED GRANULES BY BACKWASHINC WITH A
DETERGENT
David S. Ross, Loraln, Ohio, assignor to Sterling Drug Inc.,
New York, N.Y.
Filed Jan. 29, 1976, S«r. No. 653,384
Int. CI.1 B01D 23/24
VS. CI. 210-82 19 Claims
r
; ojpjjo
C-0472-78
SYMPOSIUM ON MANAGEMENT OF RESIDUES FROM SYNTHETIC FUELS
PRODUCTION (1st)
Schmidt-Collerus, J. J., and F. S. Bonomo. 1976.
Report NSF/RA-770073, Contract NSF-AEN 75-00175. 359p. Held
at Denver, Colorado, May 25-27, 1976.
Solid wastes, Disposal, Oil shale, Tar sands, Pollution control,
Environmental effects, *Synfuels
Overview papers are presented on the technologies of gaseous,
liquid, and solid waste residual materials that will be generated
as a result of alternative fuels from oil shale, coal, tar sands,
and in the use of the synfuels from these resources. Environmental
effects including health hazards are discussed.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(19):#PB-268 464/5GA.
1977]
56
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C-0473-78
WATER RENOVATION AND REUSE
Shuval, H. I. 1977.
New York, Academic Press, 1977. 463p.
Industries, Refineries, Wastewater treatment
This book is divided into two main parts: Part I covers general
and technological aspects of wastewater treatment technology as
used by industries, municipalities and agriculture; Part II
details experience and wastewater reuse in various countries.
Wastewater treatment as pertains to oil-water separation, oil
removal, and treatment methods used in the oil industry are
mentioned throughout the text.
C-0474-78
TREATMENT OF DISCHARGED WATER FROM REFINERIES IN ROME
[English summary]
Spadoni, S., and C. Massi. 1977.
Rivista della Societa Italiana di Scienza dell Alimentazione
6(2):109-120.
Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Sedimentation, Flotation
"A wastewater treatment system comprising an accumulation tank,
grating station, sedimentation tank, air flotation tank, and 3
lagoons is used for treatment of petroleum refinery effluents."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90276t. 1977]
C-0475-78
THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER FROM PETROLEUM BARGE CLEANING
FACILITIES
Stryker, C. A., and J. E. Ball. 1975.
Annual Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, 30th, 1975 (Published
1977). Vol. 30:689-699.
Wastewater treatment, Design-engineering, Bilges, *Petroleum
barges, *Cleaning facilities
A study of barge cleaning operations in the Houston-Port Arthur
area of the Texas Gulf Coast was conducted to determine the
treatability of the wastewater and to optimize treatment design.
The waters are difficult to treat, partly because of the salinity
of bilge waters and the variability in batch flow characteristics,
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90173g. 1977]
57
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C-0476-78
MEASUREMENT AND TREATMENT OF OIL AND GREASE IN PETROLEUM AND
PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS
Tischler, L. F., R. L. Elton, III, and D. L. Ford. 1977.
Progress in Water Technology 9(3):621-628.
Wastewater treatment, Chemical analysis, Oil-water separation,
Oil industry, Petrochemicals, *Review
"It is the objective of this paper to summarize the sampling
and analytical aspects of oil and grease determination, discuss
oil removal processes and treatment technology, and document
process effectiveness and limitations through a review of existing
treatment systems. . . . It is shown that median effluent oil
and grease concentrations below 10 mg/L are attainable with
currently available technology, although peak concentrations
of 50 to 60 mg/L can be expected due to inherent process
variability."
C-0477-78
COMBUSTION TREATMENT USING EMULSIONS [in Japanese]
Tomihisa, K., and N. Kawai. 1976.
PPM 7(12):20-29.
Wastewaters, Waste oil, Emulsions, Fuels, *Combustion
"A technique is described for combustion of wastewater and oil
by making an emulsion with the fuel."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90149d. 1977]
C-Q478-78
PROSPECT FOR THE THOROUGH PURIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATERS
FROM PETROLEUM REFINERIES IN AERATION PONDS [in Russian]
Zhurov, V. N., D. Abdukadyrov, A. A. Garanina, M. A. Denisov,
and I. A. Kichigin. 1977.
Neftepererabatka i Neftekhimiya (Moscow): No. 5:14-16.
Refineries, Wastewater treatment, Oxidation, *Aeration ponds
"Artificial aeration and mixing of the waters intensified the 0
absorption, oxidation of residual organic matters, and purification
of petroleum refinery effluents.
of the disk type were recommended
to accelerate the purification by
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10) :#72898t.
Floating mechanical aerators
to feed air to 3-4 m depth and
2.5-3 times."
1977]
58
-------
6. OIL-WATER SEPARATION
C-0479-78
APPARATUS FOR PURIFICATION OF PETROLEUM-CONTAINING WASTE WATERS
Astvatsaturov, A. E., and I. G. Chaika. 1977.
USSR Patent 570,558
Oil-water separation, Wastewater treatment, Patent, *Centrifugal
separation
"The apparatus contains a casing with a cone chamber for centifugal
separation of petroleum-containing waters and an air feed
collector installed in its lower part."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172402v. 1977]
C-0480-78
EXPERIENCES IN THE PREPARATION AND CLEANING OF FUELS AND
LUBRICATING OILS WITH CENTRIFUGES AND FILTERS
Bauer, W. 1976.
Schiff und Hafen Vol. 28. lOp.
Oil-water separation, Fuels, Lubricating oil, Bilges, Filtration,
Ships
Shipboard cleaning, purifying, and clarifying of fuels and
lubricating oils, and the various types, makes, and performance
statistics of centrifuges and filters available for these operations
are extensively reviewed. Several recommendations are made
including some which concern oil-water separators for bilges,
to conform to anti-pollution regulations.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#08 153044. 1977]
C-0481-78
REMOVAL OF OILS FROM WASTE WATERS
Belostotskii, M. D., and E. A. Chistyakova. 1977.
USSR Patent 567,678
Oil-water separation, Wastewater treatment, Patent, *Purification
"To increase the degree of purification, the effluents were
treated with 2-4 g/L octadecylbenzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(20):#156688n. 1977]
59
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C-0482-78
STUDY OF SOLVENT REGENERATION DURING THE EXTRACTION OF PETROLEUM
PRODUCTS FROM WASTE WATERS [in Russian]
Goncharenko, G. K., V. Ya. Shuteev, and V. P. Mikhailichenko.
1977.
Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Nekotorykh Spetsial'nykh Vidov Tsementa
No. 4:40-42.
Oil-water separation, Solvents, Petroleum products, Extraction,
Wastewaters, *Steam distillation
A description is given of a steam distillation process for the
removal of petroleum products from waste water. The heat-transfer
coefficients are also explained in detail.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#188819x. 1977]
C-0483-78
OIL ADSORBENTS
Hiyama, T. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 46,666
Oil-water separation, Adsorption, Patent
"A porous sheet or >_1 unwoven sheets lamination is immersed in a
solution of rubber or elastic resin and water repellent, then immersed
in a solution of an acid or an Al acid salt to produce an oil
adsorbent."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90378c. 1977]
C-Q484-78
SEPARATION OF OIL IN WATER
Kawakami, K., Y. Moriyama, and T. Takuma. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 80,292
Oil-water separation, Wastewaters, Adsorption, Patent, *Polyethylene
A column of powdered polyethylene or polyethylene foam is used
to separate machine oil from water. A description of the sequence
of events necessary to accomplish this is given.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22) :#172397x. 1977]
C-0485-78
SEPARATION OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AND INORGANIC CATALYST IMPURITIES
FROM THE WASTE WATER OF PETROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS PROCESSES
[English summary]
Kinder, R., B. Lindner, and F. Tampe. 1976.
Technik und Umweltschutz No. 13:48-60.
Oil-water separation, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Wastewater treatment,
Petrochemicals, Filtration
60
-------
A description of a method for the removal of hydrocarbons from a
mixture of wastewater and ethyl benzene is given. The method
utilizes an alkali precipitation and filtration process.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#188840x. 1977]
C-0486-78
OIL ADSORBENT
Nagakura, M. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 60,284
Oil-water separation, Adsorption, Wastewaters, Patent,
*Diatomite, *Zeolite
An oil adsorbent for removing oil from waste water, is made
from porous materials, such as natural zeolite or diatomite.
Methods for preparing the product are given. It adsorbs about
3-fold oil.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172369q. 1977]
C-0487-78
FILTERS FOR OIL PARTICLES AND FINE SUSPENDED SOLIDS REMOVAL
FROM WASTEWATERS
Nakanishi, T., J. Matsui, M. Aoki, and T. Ueda. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 15,555
Oil-water separation, Bilges, Wastewaters, Filtration, Patent,
*Polypropylene fiber
A description is given of a filtration system to separate oil
or fine suspended solids from bilge or wastewater. The filtration
material is polypropylene fiber felt cubes.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172389w. 1977]
C-0488-78
APPARATUS FOR WASTE WATER PURIFICATION
Nielsen, H. 1977.
Norwegian Patent 136,294
Oil-water separation, Petroleum products, Wastewaters, Filtration,
Equipment, Patent, *Separation tank
The device has a separation tank for oil, gasoline, etc., and
a collection tank for the separated liquid. A description of the
separation tank is given. The outlet tube has a filtration device
within it.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172375p. 1977]
61
-------
C-0489-78
OIL ADSORBENTS
Ohshima, K., and T. Nakae. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 42,485
Oil-water separation, Absorption, Adsorption, Patent, *Silicate,
Sorbents
"A mixture containing 3-80 parts of alkali silicate of a molecular
ratio Si02/Na20 or Si02/l<20 2-25 and 20-97 parts (RSi03/o)n5
(R=Me, Et, Pr, vinyl, or Ph) is heated in the presence of water
to obtain oil absorbents."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90380x. 1977]
C-049Q-78
WATER-TREATMENT AGENT IN SHEET FORM
Sato, H., and F. Oriya. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 91,792
Oil-water separation, Adsorption, Patent, *Fiber sheet, *Turbine
oil
"Fiber sheet is sprayed uniformly with slurry containing
>.lFe203, Fe(OH)3, and FeOOH and polymer emulsion and dried . . .
When water containing 5000 ppm turbine oil was passed through the
bed at 4 m/h, 2.5 g/g of the oil was adsorbed."
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(4) :#27664y. 1978]
C-0491-78
SEPARATION OF FINE OIL DROPS FROM WASTE WATER
Shimizu, A., and S. Hirose. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76,131,476
Oil-water separation, Wastewaters, Filtration, Patent, *PVC
membrane
A patent is described in which a membrane is made of poly(vinyl
chloride) (PVC) and used to filter waste water from cutting oil.
The oil content was reduced from 10,100 ppm to 100 ppm, with an
oil drop diameter of 0.5 u.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#188923b. 1977]
C-0492-78
APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT OF COMPRESSOR DRAINS [in Japanese]
Shinoda, K., and T. Hakamata. 1977.
Tokico Review 21(1 ):6-ll.
Oil-water separation, Emulsions, Flocculation, Filtration,
Incineration, Compressor drains
62
-------
An experimental apparatus for separating emulsified oils from water
drained from compressors is described. "The apparatus consists
of a floated oil separation tank, a reactor for floe formation
with a flocculant, a filter for removing floes, and an activated
C-packed column." Sludge is incinerated. The system has a
capacity of 400 L/day, and oil content can be decreased to
<5 ppm.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(20):#156542k. 1977]
C-0493-78
EFFECT OF SURFACTANTS ON THE KINETICS OF THE FLOTATION SEPARATION
OF OILS EMULSIFIED IN WATER [in Russian]
Skrylev, L. D., R. E. Savina, and V. V. Sviridov. 1977.
Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Khimiya i Khimicheskaya
Tekhnologiya 20(1):153.
Oil-water separation, Emulsions, Flotation, Surfactants
The flotation separation of oils emulsified in water was improved
by addition of N-Alkylpyridinium salts. The nature of the oil
(hydrocarbon chain lengths) and salt concentrations affect the
efficiency of the separation.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#70510m. 1977]
C-0494-78
TESTING OF THE FEASIBILITY OF OIL REMOVAL FROM WATER SURFACE
WITH OKITEN, EKOPERL 33, OR EKOPERL 66 [English summary]
Sljivaric, Z., I. Mijatovic, and V. Vukas-Delas. 1977.
Prehrambeno-Teknoloska Revija 15(l):22-24.
Oil-water separation, *Mineral oil, *Polyethylene scraps
Small scraps of polyethylene were used to remove mineral oil
from a water surface. Several variables were studied and the
results reported here. Particle size and amount have a greater
effect on oil removal than does the length of time.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24) :#188826x. 1977]
C-0495-78
"REMOVAL OF OIL FROM WASTEWATER
Tanaka, K. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 58,250
Oil-water separation, Wastewaters, Flocculation, Patent,
*Thiolignin acid
A process whereby water mixed with oil is treated with thiolignin
acid is described. Water containing 1000 ppm cutting oil was
cleaned to 5 ppm using this process.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172376q. 1977]
63
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C-0496-78
OIL ABSORBENT
Tomita, S., Y. Matsuda, K. Terajima, and K. Abe. 1977.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 77 75,682
Oil-water separation, Adsorption, Patent, *Fibers
Fibers from peat, coconut shell, and jute were impregnated with
a paraffin emulsion, coated with a synthetic rubber latex, and
thermally hardened to make an oil absorbent. Coconut shell
fibers had an oil and water absorption of 2.9 and 1.8 g/g fibers
respectively, vs. 2.6 and 3.6 for untreated fibers.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172387u. 1977]
7 , RECLAMATION AND REUSE
C-0497-78
CENTRIFUGAL PURIFICATION HELPS RECYCLE OILY WASTES
Anon. 1977.
Plant Engineering 31(2):66,70,74.
Waste oil, Reclamation, Fuel oil, Recycling, Wastewater treatment,
*Centrifugation
Spent lubricating and other oils are recycled with a centrifugation
system that separates them from plant waste streams. In a sample
industrial installation, the facility has saved over $20,000
annually in fuel bills by recovering nearly 400,000 L of combustible
oils, at the same time helping to meet environmental effluent
standards.
C-0498-78
RECLAIMING SPENT MOTOR OIL
Ivey, H. D.. Jr. 1977.
US Patent 4,029,569
Waste oil, Lubricating oil, Reclamation, Sludge, Patent
Waste lubricant oils are reclaimed by a process that includes
heating to 700-720°F and H2S04 treatment to precipitate solids,
separating the sludge, and neutralizing the oil-soluble sulfonic
acids with organic amines.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10) :#70813n. 1977]
64
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C-0499-78
HIGHLY VALUABLE LUBRICATING OIL COMPONENTS FROM USED OIL
Schulze, H., 0. Pucher, W. Staude, B. Wenzel, ejt a]_. 1976.
East German Patent 121,337
Lubricating oils, Waste oil, Reclamation, Patent
Used lubricating oils are reclaimed by coarse cleaning, admixing
30-50% bitumen extracts from C3Hg - deasphalting of petroleum
vacuum distillates, deasphalting with 3-10 parts CgHg at
40-70°, and extracting with PhOH, cresol, furfural or other
materials.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#87692v. 1977]
8. PERSONNEL TRAINING AND EDUCATION
C-0500-78
COAST GUARD PROPOSES REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONS IN OIL TRANSFER
OPERATIONS
Anon. 1977.
Environment Reporter 8(5):106-107.
Personnel training, Oil transfer, Regulations, USCG, Environmental
protection, *Personnel qualifications
Because protection of the marine environment is one of the US
Coast Guard's primary missions, the USCG is proposing a series of
regulations providing qualifications for persons involved in,
or in charge of, oil transfer operations. The proposed requirements
and hearing dates are listed.
C-0501-78
OIL SPILL CLEANUP WORKSHOP HELD ON PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND (news brief)
Anon. 1978.
Sea Technology 19(1):40.
Personnel training, Canada, Spill cleanup, Coasts,^Onshore cleanup
A three-day seminar/workshop on Prince Edward Island was held on
oil spill cleanup for Atlantic Canada. The program, designed to
train commanders for response to a major coastal oil spill,
emphasized onshore cleanup of different types of oil, and in
different coastal environments.
65
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C-Q502-78
SPILL CONTROL COURSE GIVEN (news brief)
Anon. 1978.
Sea Technology 19(3):27.
Personnel training, Pollution control, Spill cleanup
The National Spill Control School, a program of Corpus Christi
State University, offers a course in oil spill control for
management personnel. For more information contact George
Oberholtzer, Director, National Spill Control School,
Corpus Christi State University, P.O. Box 8263, Corpus Christi,
TX 74812.
C-0503-78
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PERSONNEL TRAINING PROGRAM
Duerden, F. C. 1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(6):19-20.
Personnel training, Pollution prevention, Contingency planning,
Oil spills, Inland, Canada, Information systems
The Environmental Emergency Division of the Canadian Environmental
Protection Service has prepared an information program for firemen,
policemen, and personnel from other agencies that are likely to
be the first persons of authority at an inland petroleum products
spill. The program is intended to "create an awareness of the
environmental concerns in a hazardous material accident and to
provide general and basic information so that the first person
on scene can more adequately . . . address the problem with which
he may be faced."
C-0504-78
SHORELINE PROTECTION, CLEANUP AND RESTORATION SEMINAR, PRINCE
EDWARD ISLAND
Duerden, F. C. 1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(6):28-30.
Personnel training, Spill cleanup, Restoration, Coasts, Beaches,
Canada, *Prince Edward Island, *Seminar
A three-day seminar is summarized. The meeting was held in Toronto,
Canada, in August 1977, by members of the Canadian Environmental
Protection Service and the Petroleum Association for the Conservation
of the Canadian Environment. The seminar was conducted primarily
to familiarize on-scene-commanders and spill cleanup personnel
with beach cleanup and spill removal techniques applicable to the
Canadian coastline.
66
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C-0505-78
SHIPBOARD GUIDE TO POLLUTION-FREE OPERATIONS
Maritime Administration. 1976.
Washington, D. C., Maritime Administration, 1976. 50p.
Personnel training, Pollution prevention, Ships, Tankers, Regulations
This guide aims to help the skilled tankerman be an effective
pollution preventer. The chapters cover: 1) The Marine
Environment; 2) The Threat to the Environment; 3) Pollution
Regulations; 4) The Ship as a Pollution Fighter; 5) Pollution
Free Operation; 6) Pollution Controls and Countermeasures;
7) Crew Training; 8) Shipboard Antipollution Committee; 9) Incentives
and Awards; and 10) The Vessel Antipollution Library.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#10 138725. 1977]
C-0506-78
OIL SPILL CONTROL TRAINING: NATIONAL SPILL CONTROL SCHOOL
(news brief)
Oberholtzer, G. R. 1978.
Spill Technology Newsletter 3(1):24.
Personnel training, Pollution control, Spill cleanup, Contingency
planning, *0il spill control course
An oil spill control course offered by the Corpus Christi State
University, Corpus Christi, Texas is briefly highlighted. The
course features "state of the art" presentations from spill control
industry personnel, and representatives from regulatory agencies, the
Coast Guard, and EPA. The program is designed to provide a background
for recognizing and initiating adequate contingency planning.
C-0507-78
OIL SPILL EXPERTS HELP ALASKANS GET READY
Parker, P. 1978.
National Fisherman 58(11):14-A.
Personnel training, Spill cleanup, Equipment, Compensation, EPA,
NOAA, Alaska
An oil spill workshop sponsored by EPA and NOAA was held recently
in Anchorage, Alaska. The meeting identified people and equipment
available in different locations in the event of a major oil
spill. Oil spill cleanup techniques were reviewed, and compensation
questions were addressed.
67
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C-Q508-78
TANKER OPERATIONS COURSE: INSTRUCTOR'S NOTEBOOK
US Merchant Marine Academy, n.d.
Kings Point, NY, US Merchant Marine Academy. 175p.
Personnel training, Tankers, Oil transfer, Pollution prevention,
Oil discharges, Safety, Regulations
"Provides a historical background of tanker operations, the
characteristics and specifications of various petroleum products,
loading calculations, tanker piping layouts, oil transfer pro-
cedures, loading and discharging, tank cleaning, safety precautions,
pollution prevention methods and regulations, and deep water
terminals and mooring techniques."
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#10 138638. 1977]
C-0509-78
SKILLS NEEDED TO USE OIL CLEAN-UP SYSTEMS (product information)
[Vikoma International]. 1978.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 9(2):32.
Personnel training, Spill cleanup, Booms, Product information,
Pollution control, *Vikoma Oceanpack
Vikoma Oceanpack, a new oil retention boom developed by Vikoma
International, is designed for use in high sea conditions. The
company stresses that the boom system, used in conjunction with
oil recovery equipment, is only fully effective when used by
efficient crews.
9. CONTINGENCY PLANNING
C-0510-78
CONTINGENCY PLANNING FOR THE IMPACT OF OIL SPILLS IN DIFFERENT
COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF CANADA
Owens, E. H. 1977.
Report TR-243, Contract N00014-75-C-0192. lip. Technical report.
Contingency planning, Oil spills, Spill cleanup, Coasts, Intertidal
zone, Canada
Planning for an oil spill cleanup operation of the coastal zone
requires consideration of the physical characteristics of the
coast, wave energy levels, and tidal range. Three examples from
very different coastal environments in eastern Canada are used to
illustrate the importance of understanding the variability of littoral
processes and of geological parameters in planning cleanup programs.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(23):#AD-A043 713/7GA.
19771 68
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10. PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES
C-0511-78
ANTI-POLLUTION VALVE AIDS SALVAGE
Anon. 1976.
Canadian Shipping and Marine Engineering,June. n.p.
Tankers, Design-engineering, Pollution prevention, *Anti-pollution
valve
An anti-pollution valve (APV) for use on all liquid-cargo tankers,
barges, and ship fuel-storage tanks has been developed. When a
vessel is submerged due to a disaster, hydrostatic pressure closes
the APV to stop the vent or overflow pipes from creating a spill;
a pressure rupture is prevented by the automatic admission of
seawater to equalize pressures outside and inside the tank. A
quick-connection hookup permits salvage divers to attach a hose
to pump liquids out and pump air in to assist in refloating the
vessel.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 148837. 1977]
C-0512-78
CANADIAN PRODUCT PREVENTS SPILLS (product information)
Anon. 1976.
Transport Development News 1976:35-36.
Monitoring, Oil tanks, Pollution prevention, Equipment, Design-
engineering, Product information, *0ptic Liquid Level Sensor
Honeywell Ltd. of Toronto has developed the Optic Liquid Level
Sensor (DLLS) to detect fluid levels in tank trucks or storage
tanks during filling. Optical technology is used to automatically
stop the filling operation when an overfill condition occurs.
Specific safety features are described.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 142626. 1977]
C-0513-78
PREVENTION OF OIL SPILLAGES THROUGH CARGO PUMPROOM SEA VALVES
Anon. 1976.
Oil Companies International Marine Forum, 1976. 14p.
Pollution prevention, Tankers, Design-engineering
This report was written as a guide for use in policy decision-
making in the management of oil tankers. Recommendations are
made for adopting certain techniques or modifications for existing
ships, as well as for new construction designs.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 149556. 1977]
69
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C-0514-78
SAFETY PROGRAMME CUTS OIL POLLUTION IN U.S. PORTS (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(12):267-268.
Ports, Tankers, Pollution control, Monitoring, Safety, Personnel
training, *Exxon
Exxon claims that a pollution control program instigated by them
in 1968 has reduced oil spills by their ships. There were 18
incidents in 1971; this was reduced to 9 in 1976. The more than
40 Exxon pollution and safety control representatives monitor
exchanges of cargo for spills and leaks.
C-0515-78
RECENT U.S. ACTIVITIES PERTINENT TO TECHNOLOGY FOR PREVENTING AND
CONTROLLING OIL SPILLS AND BLOWOUTS IN ARCTIC REGIONS
Bates, C. C. 1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(6):14-18.
Government agencies, US, Pollution prevention, Spill cleanup,
Blowout prevention, Pipelines, Environmental protection, Arctic
Summarized are the roles and activities of the several US agencies
that are involved in oil pollution and blowout prevention and
control in the Arctic. The agencies discussed are the BLM, USDI,
EPA, NOAA, USN, USCG, the Office of Pipeline Safety of the US
Department of Transportation, and the Army Corps of Engineers
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL.
C-0516-78
WHAT TO DO WITH YOUR OIL POLLUTION (news brief)
Bourne, W. R. P. 1978.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 9(2):33.
Manuals, Spill cleanup, Wildlife, Mortality
"The British Nature Conservancy Council [has] produced an 'Oil
Pollution Manual1 for use by nature conservation and animal welfare
organizations during oil or other pollution and animal mortality
incidents." Information is available from the NCC Great Britain
Headquarters, 19/20 Belgrave Square, London SWIX SPY, England.
C-0517-78
SAFE COUPLING FOR TANKERS (product information)
[GEC Mechanics Handling Ltd.]. 1978.
Offshore 38(4):144.
Product information, Safety, Tankers, *GEC Mechanics Handling Ltd.,
*Coupling
70
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GEC Mechanics Handling Ltd. introduced a self seal breakaway
coupling for use by tankers. If a line pull exceeds an allowable
load, the coupling halves separate and each end of the hose
automatically seals, minimizing loss of oil and risk of pollution.
C-0518-78
CRUDE OIL WASHING OF TANKERS
Gore, S. S. 1977.
Catalyst for Environmental Quality 5(4):12-15.
Tankers, Oil tanks, Ballast, Crude oil, Pollution prevention,
*Load-on-top, *Crude oil washing
A new technique is described for cleaning the cargo tanks of oil
tankers. The method consists of using crude oil as a washing
medium instead of seawater, and the method is applied in port during
cargo unloading rather than at sea. The crude oil is applied via
a high pressure jet and the technique effectively disperses even
the most hardened oil residues. Coupled with the use of the load-
on-top concept, crude oil washing on large tankers will eliminate
most of the operational pollution.
C-0519-78
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS FOR POLLUTION CONTROL FROM
OIL SHALE EXPLOITATION
Harris, E. F., and T. J. Powers. 1977.
Energy/Environment II - National Conference on the Interagency
Research & Development Program, 2nd, Washington, D. C., 1977.
p. 73-75. Report EPA-600/9-77-012 (EPA Decision Series).
Pollution control, Oil shale, Development, Extraction, Water
quality, Solid wastes, EPA, *Research programs
Current EPA-sponsored or co-sponsored research programs related
to pollution control in the oil shale industry are tabulated and
briefly discussed. Groundwater and surface water pollution, air
emissions, solid wastes utilization and disposal, and possible
health effects of oil shale exploitation are the main areas
of current research interest. Funding for many of the projects
is shared with other agencies to avoid duplication and to ensure
wider dissemination and application of research results.
C-0520-78
FIRE SERVICES AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Katz, W. B. 1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(6):7-14.
Spill cleanup, Equipment, Inland, Petroleum products, Dispersants,
Sorbents, Personnel training, *Fire-fighting
71
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Several examples of inland petroleum product spills are reviewed,
in which firefighters unwittingly created tremendous environmental
cleanup problems in trying to deal with the spills. These case
histories point out the need for specialized personnel training
and better procedures and equipment for spill containment, cleanup
and disposal. For the highly flammable petroleum products such
as gasoline, imbibative polymer sorbent beads and dispersants
are of special interest and their possible uses are discussed.
C-0521-78
OIL SPILL PREVENTION - AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Kingham, J. D. 1978.
Spill Technology Newsletter 3(l):25-32.
Tankers, International agreements, Pollution prevention, Segregated
ballast, *Crude oil washing
New and proposed international agreements which are designed to
minimize operational and accidental pollution from oil tankers
are discussed. Operational pollution can be curbed by installation
or retrofitting of segregated ballast tanks, and the use of crude
oil washing of tanks, rather than the traditional use of sea water
in tank cleaning. Accidental spills will also be curbed by the use
of backup radar and steering systems, alternate power systems, and
collision avoidance aids.
C-0522-78
OIL POLLUTION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Le Lourd, P. 1977.
Ambio 6(6):317-320.
Hydrocarbons, Mediterranean Sea, Tar, Tankers, Chronic effects,
Sources, Pollution control
The Mediterranean Sea is becoming increasingly polluted with
hydrocarbons. This article discusses the sources of oil, including
tanker operations, accidental spills and other less frequent
discharges and chronic pollution. Recommendations for prevention
and pollution control are given.
C-0523-78
DOING SOMETHING ABOUT OIL SPILLS
Quigg, P. W. 1977.
Sierra Club Bulletin 62(7):21-24.
Oil spills, USCG, Tankers, Regulations, Personnel training,
Standards, Pollution prevention, *Navigation aids
72
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The article reviews regulations recently proposed by the Carter
Administration designed to reduce tanker related oil spills in
US waters, increase US Coast Guard inspection of foreign tankers,
and improve oil tanker crew training. The development of more
dependable radar-based navigation aids, the possible establishment
of a 320 km-wida (200 mi) pollution zone coextensive with the present
fisheries conservation zone, and the need for internationally
accepted pollution standards are discussed.
C-0524-78
INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL. VOLUME 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Ralph Stone and Co., Inc. 1977.
Report PB-270 178, Contract AID/ta-C-1091. 113p.
Pollution control, Industries, Environmental effects, Cost analysis
"A two-volume study was prepared to provide information relating
to the impact and control of environmental pollution from industrial
sources. . . . Volume I provides background information and reference
sources to facilitate general policy decisions relating to the
control of industrial pollutants. Volume II is concerned with the
technical application and comparative costs of pollution abatement
in manufacturing operations."
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#PB-270 178/7GA.
1977]
C-0525-78
INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL. VOLUME 2: TECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGIES
Ralph Stone and Co., Inc. 1977.
Report PB-270 179, Contract AID/ta-C-1091. 475p.
Pollution control, Industries, Cost analysis
This volume covers regional planning, methods and costs of industrial
pollution control, case studies, and decision-making methods.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#PB-270 179/5GA.
1977]
C-0526-78
BLOW-OUT SAFETY INCREASED (product information)
[Reg 0 Co.]. 1978.
Offshore 38(3):117.
Product information, Safety, Blowout prevention, *M&M 2000T Series.
needle valve
Marketed by Reg 0 Co., the M&M 2000T series needle valve with a
threaded and welded needle retainer is an added safety against
blowouts. The valves can control oil as well as steam, water, or
chemicals at either high or low pressure.
73
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C-0527-78
SAFETY IN SHIPPING - A SEATRADE STUDY
Seatrade Publications Limited. 1976.
Essex, England, Seatrade Publications Ltd., 1976.
48p.
Ships, Pollution prevention, Spill cleanup, Oil transport, Ports,
Cost analysis, Safety
A safety seminar was held in London during October 1976. Papers
included the topics of the burden of pollution prevention measures,
the cost of spill cleanup, and the increased burden on the ports
to establish safer handling practices for dangerous cargoes.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#18 142616. 1977]
C-0528-78
UNITED TO PROTECT THE MEDITERRANEAN
Thacher, P. S. 1977.
Oceans 10(1):58-61.
Pollution prevention, UN, Mediterranean Sea, Environmental
protection
The United Nations Environmental Protection Program, and its
provisions for protecting the Mediterranean Sea area from pollution
are briefly reviewed. Among the topics discussed are oil pollution,
coastal water quality control and prevention of pollution from
ships.
[from Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q10901.
1977]
74
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C. ASPECTS OF OIL POLLUTION
1. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
C-0529-78
AFTERMATH OF AN OIL SPILL: A BLACK SEVEN YEARS
Anon. 1977.
Science News 112(6):84.
Oil spills, Fuel oil, Crustaceans, Marshes, Chronic effects,
Toxicity, Massachusetts, *Uca pugnax
In 1969, a No. 2 fuel oil spill into Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts,
heavily contaminated the adjacent Wild Harbor Marsh at West
Falmouth. Results of a seven year study on the biological effects
of the spill on the marshland fiddler crabs (Uca pugnax) are
summarized. Although the spill was relatively small, it caused
extensive and long-lasting physiological and behavioral damage
to the animals. Populations have not recovered to pre-spill levels,
and significant behavioral aberrations are common in the survivors.
C-053Q-78
EFFECTS OF OIL ON BIRDS (news brief)
Anon. 1978.
California Agriculture 32(4):16.
Birds, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Biological effects, Reproduction,
*Egg hatchability
Combined laboratory and field studies of the effects of oil
pollution on avian reproduction are being conducted, using laboratory
quail and wild auklets as subjects. The quail studies indicate
that 200 mg Bunker C fuel oil depressed egg production and
hatchability for 3 days, whereas Alaskan crude oil (800 mg)
affected total egg production and shell quality but did not reduce
egg hatchability.
C-0531-78
OXYGEN DEMAND OF MOLLUSKS WHEN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ARE PRESENT
IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS [in Russian]
Aliev, A. D. 1977.
Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Azerbaidzhanskoi Biologicheskikh Nauk
No. 2:60-64
Petroleum products, Mollusks, Uptake, *0xygen demand
75
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"Inhibition of 0 uptake by the mollusks, MytiTaster lineatus and
Cerastoderma lamarcki, in the presence of petroleum products
depended on the nature of the product, its concentrations, and
the age of the mollusk." Uptake rates for the mollusks for different
petroleum products are given.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(23):#178596h. 1977]
C-0532-78
EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS ON THE GROWTH OF MARINE ORGANISMS
Anderson, J. W. J977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:157-165.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntryre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Marine organisms. Crude oil, Fuel oil, Metabolism, Reproduction,
Growth
Marine organisms, ranging from phytoplankton to fish, were tested
for various growth and reproduction responses to exposure to two
crude oils and two fuel oils. Growth of oysters (Crassostrea
virginica) and brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus) was not affected
by crude oil; but 3.5 mg/L of total dissolved hydrocarbons from
No. 2 fuel oil reduced embroyonic heart beat and hatching successes
of two fish species, and inhibited the growth of larval
Paleomonetes pugio, juvenile Neanthes arenaceondentata, and three
phytoplankton species.
C-0533-78
LABORATORY STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF OIL ON MARINE ORGANISMS:
AN OVERVIEW
Anderson, J. W. 1975.
API Publication No. 4249. 70p.
Hydrocarbons, Marine organisms, Chemical analysis, Toxicity, Uptake,
Release, WSF
This two-year research project analyzed test oil-water mixtures
and animal tissues by use of GC/MS, and IR and UV spectrophotometry.
The composition of oil-water-dispersions (OWD) and WSFs was studied.
Bioassay tests with phytoplankton, crustaceans, and fish revealed
that toxicities of both OWDs and WSFs from the refined oils were
significantly greater than those from the crude oils. Physiological
responses were studied and all species were shown to release
acccumulated hydrocarbons when maintained in clear water.
76
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C-0534-78
THE EFFECT OF CHEMICALS ON SOME MICROBIAL SELF-PURIFICATION
PROCESSES IN BODIES OF WATER [English summary]
Bagdasar'yan, G. A., A. E. Nedachin, and T. V. Doskina. 1977.
Gigiena i Sanitariya Vol. 2:104-106.
Petroleum products, Surfactants, Microorganisms, Biological
effects
The effects of chemicals (petroleum products, surfactants) in
commercial and household wastes upon levels of certain viruses
and bacteria were studied under natural conditions. Viruses
were more resistant to the chemicals than Escherichia coli
and Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. Coliphage levels were virtually
unaffected.
[from Biological Abstracts 65(1):#5222. 1978]
C-0535-78
EFFECT OF THE WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF CRUDE, REFINED AND
WASTE OILS ON THE EMBRYONIC AND LARVAL STAGES OF THE QUAHOG CLAM
MERCENARIA SP.
Byrne, C. J.} and J. A. Calder. 1976.
Report NSF/IDOE-77-119, Grant NSF-IDO 73-09745. 8p.
Toxicity. WSF, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Waste oil, Mollusks, Mortality,
*Mercenaria
The effects of the water-soluble fractions (WSFs) of 6 crude and
fuel oils on the survival and growth rates of the quahog clam,
Mercenaria sp., were investigated. Kuwait crude was the least
toxic oil and waste crankcase oil was the most toxic, while
Bunker C and No. 2 fuel oil had intermediate values. Surviving
larvae exposed to the WSFs of the various oils grew at slower
rates than the controls.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(20):#PB-269 070/9GA.
1977]
C-0536-78
EFFECTS OF HYDROCARBONS ON THE FOOD INTAKE OF MUSSELS [in Danish]
Clemmesen, B. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Mi 1joevardssekretariatet, Publikation. p. 317-325.
Hydrocarbons, Fuels, Fuel oil, Biological effects, Mollusks,
*Mytilus edulis, *Food intake
"Physiological effects of pure aliphatic gasoline, benzene, and
fuel oil in sublethal doses on Mytilus edulis were studied.
Ecological effects were observed at doses below 0.25% benzene
extract and below 40 ppm for hydrocarbon from fuel oil."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(9):#63572e. 1977]
77
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C-0537-78
THE EFFECTS OF OIL ON SEABIRDS
Croxall, J. P. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:191-195.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Birds, *Seabirds, Acute effects, Mortality, Behavior, Oil slicks,
Dispersants
"The external effect of oil in destroying plumage waterproofing
is detailed, and the state of knowledge of the direct and indirect
internal effects of crude and fuel oils reviewed, inevitably in
rather general terms. The need for more precise information on
the behavior of oil slicks and oil/dispersant mixtures and films
at sea is emphasized in relation to potential techniques and
strategies for minimizing the high risk to seabirds from oil
slicks."
C-0538-78
MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF POLLUTION CONTROL
Dart, R. K., and R. J. Stretton. 1977.
Amsterdam and New York, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co.,
1977. viii & 216p.
Microorganisms, Pollution control, Health hazards,
*Microbiological aspects
"This book deals with the applied microbiology of pollution
and its control in connection with public health and hygiene.
Each of the eleven chapters consists of a self-contained review
of recent developments up until late 1976, including a large
number of references to primary sources of information." A
description of the microbiological problems associated with
oil pollution is given in Chapter 10.
[from Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company brochure. 1977]
C-0539-78
SIZE-SELECTIVE MORTALITIES OF CLAMS IN AN OIL SPILL SITE
Dow, R. L. 1978.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 9(2):45-48.
Mollusks, Biological effects, Mortality, Oil spills, Maine,
*Clams
Mixed No. 2 fuel oil and JP5 jet fuel were spilled into Long Cove,
Searsport, Maine, in March 1971, and have concentrated locally
to limits exceeding 250 ppm in intertidal sediments, at depths
of 15-25 cm below the surface. Successive year class juvenile
clams continued to die until 1976 as, in normal growth behavior,
they burrowed down through redistributed overlying clean
sediments into the oil concentration beneath.
78
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C-0540-78
ENERGETICS OF PACIFIC HERRING (CLUPEA HARENGUS PALLASI) EMBRYOS
AND LARVAE EXPOSED TO LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF BENZENE, A MONOAROMATIC
COMPONENT OF CRUDE OIL
Eldridge, M. B., T. Echeverria, and J. A. Whipple. 1977.
American Fisheries Society, Transactions 106(5)-.452-461.
Crude oil, *Benzene, Fish, Metabolism, Growth, *C1upea harengus
pall asi, *Embryos, *Larvae
Experiments were conducted to examine the metabolism of herring
embryos, yolk-sac larvae, and post-yolk-sac larvae. Sublethal
concentrations of benzene caused a significant decrease in embryonic
tissue growth, differences in embryonic oxygen consumption, and
significantly greater assimilation in feeding larvae.
C-0541-78
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME BOTTOM ECOSYSTEMS IN THE OIL POLLUTED
PART OF KOLA BAY AND NEAR ZHELANIYA CAPE (NOVAYA ZEMLYA)
[English summary]
Golikov, A. N., and V. G. Averintsev. 1977.
Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) Vol. 2:63-73.
Distribution, Metabolism, *Abundance, Benthos, Ecosystems, Arctic,
USSR
The title areas were examined by scuba divers for the biological
structure of macrobenthic populations, distribution, number of
species, and the biomass and metabolic expenditures. Both
polluted areas had an overall reduction in number of species as
compared to unpolluted waters of similar depths.
[from Biological Abstracts 64(11 ):#61781. 1977]
C-Q542-78
OIL TANKERS AND POLLUTION: A MICROBIOLOGICAL APPROACH
Gutnick, D. L., and E. Rosenberg. 1977.
Annual Review of Microbiology Vol. 31:379-396.
Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, Tankers, Microorganisms,
Biodegradation
"A review [is presented] with 111 references, covering chemical
composition of crude oil, physical interactions between micro-
organisms and hydrocarbons, petroleum biodegradation (nutritional
requirements and metabolic specificity), and microbiological
problems associated with oil tanker operations."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(23):#180365a. 1977]
79
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C-0543-78
SOME EFFECTS OF EMULSIFIERS AND OIL ON TWO COPEPOD SPECIES
Gyllenberg, G., and G. Lundqvist. 1976.
Acta Zoologica Fennica No. 148:1-24.
Emulsifiers, Sublethal effects, Mortality, Marine organisms,
Crustaceans, *Copepods
The effects of different emulsifiers and oil on Acartia bifilosa
and Cyclops (Mesocyclops) oithonoides were studied by examining
the formation of large lipid droplets in the body tissue after
death, the mean lethal dose and the response in terms of D£
consumption. Toxicity tests indicated that the emulsifiers
Finasol S.C., Finasol OSR-2, and various emulsifier-oil
mixtures had different toxic effects. The sublethal responses,
including escape movements, locomotor activity, and narcosis are
described, and mortality rates are detailed.
[from Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental Pollutants
6(9):#8916. 1977]
C-0544-78 ,.
ACCUMULATION OF '\-l-NAPHTHALENE BY AN OCEANIC AND AN ESTUARINE
COPEPOD DURING LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO LOW-LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS
Harris, R. P., V. Berdugo, S. C. M. O'Hara, and E. D. S. Corner.
1977.
Marine Biology 42(3):187-195.
Aromatic hydrocarbons, Uptake, Marine organisms, Zooplankton,
*Copepods, *Radiolabeled naphthalenes
The oceanic copepod Ca1 a n u s he1go1 andicus Claus and the estuarine
species Eurytemora affinis Poppe were used in the title study.
They were subjected to hydrocarbon concentrations ranging from
0.2 to 992 yg/1 for up to 15 days, as a means of testing the
effects on marine zooplankton of their persistent exposure to
low levels of petroleum hydrocarbons. After initial uptake of
hydrocarbons to species-specific amounts, accumulation leveled
out after 7 to 8 days and remained at nearly constant levels until
transfer to clean waters where rapid depuration of the radiolabeled
naphthalene and its metabolites occurred.
C-.Q545-78
EFFECTS OF FOUR OILS ON MARINE BACTERIAL POPULATIONS: CONTROLLED
ECOSYSTEM POLLUTION EXPERIMENT
Hodson, R. E., F. Azam, and R. F. Lee. 1976.
Report NSF/IDOE-77-104-14. 9p.
Crude oil, Fuel oil, Bacteria, Toxicity, Uptake, Metabolism, Canada
80
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The effects of Louisiana and Kuwait crudes, No. 2 and Bunker C
fuel oils were examined on heterotrophic uptake and mineralization
of D-glucose-14C by microbial populations from Saanich Inlet,
Canada. All oils inhibited uptake and mineralization, with the
two processed oils being more toxic than the crude oils. Data
indicate that concentrations of these oils in seawater above
300 yg/L can significantly inhibit bacterial activity.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#PB-270 146/4GA.
1977]
C-0546-78
XENOBIOTIC METABOLISM IN MARINE SPECIES EXPOSED TO HYDROCARBONS
James, M. 0., and J. R. Bend. 1977.
Energy/Environment II - National Conference on the Interagency
Research & Development Program, 2nd, Washington, D.C., 1977.
p. 495-501. Report EPA-600/9-77-012. (EPA Decision Series)
Hydrocarbons, Toxicity, Metabolism, Marine organisms, Fish,
Crustaceans, Mollusks, *Xenobiotic chemicals
This report is part of an ongoing study of the uptake, metabolism,
distribution, and excretion of foreign chemicals (xenobiotics)
in diverse marine species, including teleost and elasmobranch
fishes, crustaceans, and mollusks. Present experimental results
clearly show that exposure of certain fish to toxic metabolites
of hydrocarbons has a biological effect long after the fish has
been transferred to clean water. It also appears that aquatic
species are more sensitive than mammals to both lethal and
sublethal effects of a variety of xenobiotics. Fish, especially,
may be useful model species for studying the teratogenicity,
mutagenicity, or cardnogenicity of hydrocarbons and other
chemicals.
C-0547-78
THE SUB-LETHAL EFFECTS OF WATER-SOLUBLE EXTRACTS OF CRUDE OIL ON
THE FERTILISATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF FUCUS SERRATUS L.
Johnston, C. S. J977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:184-185.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
.and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
WSF, Crude oil, Sublethal effects, Algae, *Fucus serratus, *Zygote
development
"Many studies of oil pollution have shown that shore algae frequently
flourish following elimination or severe reduction of the more
sensitive grazing organisms. Preliminary studies suggest that
although fucoid plants can tolerate exposure to spills of crude
oil, the young developing zygote is sensitive to relatively low
concentrations of 'water soluble' extracts of crude oils."
81
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C-0548-78
OIL SPILL DISPERSANTS CAUSE BRADYCARDIA IN A MARINE FISH
Kiceniuk, 0. W., W. R. Penrose, and W. R. Squires. 1978.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 9(2):42-45.
Fish, Sublethal effects, Dispersants, Surfactants, Biological
effects
Oil dispersants caused bradycardia in fish similar to the effect
of asphyxic hypoxia. The surfactant fraction of tested dispersants
produced the reduced heart rate effect differing only in threshold
concentrations. The effect could be debilitating to fish when
added to natural stresses. As noted in hypoxia, bradycardia may
impair fish swimming performance and increase fish susceptibility
to predation.
C-0549-78
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL CARCINOGENIC HAZARD OF PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
King, P. J. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:202-211.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
PAH, Carcinogens, Health hazards, Food web, Contamination,
Petroleum products
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) occur in crude oil and
petroleum products, and are also present as byproducts of combustion,
etc. "These substances have only a very limited solubility in
water and at such low concentrations should cause little hazard,
but there is a possibility of their concentration in the food
chain. This paper attempts to examine all aspects of this problem
in the light of published research in a variety of disciplines."
C-0550-78
SOOTS, TARS, AND OILS AS CAUSES OF OCCUPATIONAL CANCER
Kipling, M. D. 1976.
Chemical Carcinogens. C. E. Searle (ed.). Washington D.C.,
American Chemical Society, 1976. p. 315-323. (ACS Monograph
173.)
Carcinogens, Petroleum products, Health hazards, Aromatic hydrocarbons
In this chapter (Chapter 6) the pre-1975 British medical literature
on the title topic is reviewed. Included is a brief discussion
of the carcinogenicity of shale oil, petroleum oil, and petroleum
derivative lubricating and cutting oils. Several known or potentially
active aromatic hydrocarbons have been isolated in petroleum
products.
82
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C-0551-78
USE OF ALGAE IN SYNCHRONOUS CULTURE FOR TOXICITY TESTS
[in Norwegian]
Knutsen, G. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Miljoevardssekretariatet, Publikation. p. 327-328.
Dispersants, Biological effects, Algae, Toxicity, *Collectants
The effects of 3 oil treating agents upon the growth, mortality
and survival of Chlamydomonas cells were analyzed. LDgn
after 4.5 hours was only 1-3 ppm for Shell Oil Herder, b-10 ppm
for Nokimis III, and 270-500 ppm for Esso Butyl Jaysolve.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(9):#63573f. 1977]
C-Q552-78
OIL SPILLS IN CALIFORNIA AND EFFECTS OF CLEANUP AGENTS
Kopperdahl, F., C. Hazel, and N. Morgan. 1975.
California, State Water Resources Control Board Publication
No. 56. 106p.
Spill cleanup, Biological effects, Fish, Uptake, Release,
Biodegradation, Dispersants, California
Of the approximately 500 oil spills annually in California's
coastal waters, about 10% are of more than 10 bbl oil, and
about 53% are in the less than 1 bbl range. Most spills are
due to human error during refueling, fuel transfer or bilge
pumping. Fish are tainted at oil concentrations of 5 mg/L
after 5 days, but 1 mg/L oil is sufficient in tainting fish
after long term exposure. Dispersants increase the rate of
petroleum accumulation, and relatively long periods are required
for depuration. Petroleum degradation on beaches is slow and
occurs only at the oil-water interface.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(10):#73142d. 1977]
C-0553-78
THE EFFECT OF MINERAL OILS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EGGS AND LARVAE
OF MARINE SPECIES. A REVIEW AND COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA
IN REGARD TO POSSIBLE DAMAGE AT SEA
Kuhnhold, W. W. J977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:175-183.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Marine organisms, Toxicity, Metabolism, Sublethal effects,
*Egg and larval stages
A review of the pre-1975 literature on the title topic indicates
that very few field observations on the effects of oil spills on
eggs and larvae have been made; most of the research dealt with
changes in ecosystems or with adult stages in animal life cycles.
This author summarizes, tabulates., and compares existing data and
states that it is "impossible to draw a general conclusion or see a
connecting pattern of influence of hydrocarbons."
83
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C-0554-78
ACCUMULATION OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN TISSUES OF PETROLEUM-
EXPOSED MALLARD DUCKS (ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS)
Lawler, G. C., W.-A. Loong, and J. L. Laseter. 1978.
Environmental Science & Technology 12(l):51-54.
Crude oil, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Uptake, Chromatography,
Spectrometry, Birds, *Anas platyrhynchos
Mallard drakes were given a 5 ml/day dose of crude oil for 14
days. Tissues were examined for aromatic petroleum hydrocarbons
using GC/MS methods. The skin accumulated far more hydrocarbons
than liver, breast muscle, heart muscle, brain, uropygial gland
or blood. The aromatic hydrocarbons did not accumulate in the
same relative concentrations as found in the crude oil.
C-0555-78
ACCUMULATION OF SATURATED HYDROCARBONS IN TISSUES OF PETROLEUM-
EXPOSED MALLARD DUCKS (ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS)
Lawler, G. C., W.-A. Loong, and J. L. Laseter. 1978.
Environmental Science & Technology 12(1):47-51.
Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, Chromatography, Spectrometry, Birds,
*Anas platyrhynchos
Tissues from Mallard drakes, which had been dosed with 5 ml/day
of crude oil for 14 days, were examined for petroleum hydrocarbons
using GC/MS methods. Oil was found in all tissue but the brain.
The skin contained the highest level of hydrocarbons, followed in
order by the uropygial gland, breast muscle, heart muscle, liver,
and brain.
C-0556-78
THE EFFECTS OF THE WATER SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF NO. 2 FUEL
OIL ON THE SURVIVAL AND BEHAVIOR OF COASTAL AND OCEANIC ZOOPLANKTON
Lee, W. Y., and J. A. C. Nicol. 1977.
Report NSF/IDOE-77-120, Grant NSF-GX-37345. 15p.
Toxicity, WSF, Fuel oil, Zooplankton, Acute effects, Mortality
Acute effects of water-soluble fractions (WSFs) of No. 2 fuel oil
on both coastal and oceanic zooplankton were studied and their
LC5Q for various exposure times (1 to 72 hr) were compared. Coastal
zooplankton seemed to be more resistant than oceanic zooplankton,
probably due to the dissimilar species composition of the two
populations.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(20):#PB-269 071/7GA.
1977]
84
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C-Q557-78
SURVIVAL OF TWO SPECIES OF AMPHIPODS IN AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF
PETROLEUM OILS
Lee, W. Y., M. F. Welch, and J. A. C. Nicol. 1977.
Report NSF/IDOE-77-114, Grant NSF-ID073-09740. 4p.
Toxicity, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Mortality, Crustaceans, WSF,
*Amphipods
No. 2 fuel oil and Southern Louisiana crude were toxic at
concentrations of 0.8 ppm and 2.4 ppm, respectively. Mortalities
increased with the concentration and length of exposure. Few or
no young were produced at these and higher concentrations. The
two amphipods tested, Gammarus mucronatus and Amphithoe valida,
are more sensitive to aqueous extracts of these oils than are
benthic polychaetes and shrimp, for which data are available.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(20):#PB-269 073/3GA.
1977]
C-0558-78
THE TOXICITY OF PURE HYDROCARBONS TO MUSSEL LARVAE
Le Roux, S. 1977^
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:189-190.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
WSF, Hydrocarbons, Toxicity, Mollusks, Growth, *Mussel larvae
Laboratory work on the title topic is briefly reviewed. In the
experiments, mussel larvae were subjected to WSFs of the petroleum
hydrocarbons hexadecane, decalin, isopropylbenzene, n-decane,
and cyclohexane. All but cyclohexane interfered with mussel
growth; graphs are presented for the effects of each of the
hydrocarbons.
C-0559-78
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF OIL ON MOLLUSC SPECIES FROM THE BALTIC SEA
Linden, 0. 1977.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 8(3):305-313.
Crude oil, Mollusks, Sublethal effects, Behavior, Baltic Sea
Experiments are described which studied the effects of Iranian
crude oil on moll usks from the Baltic Sea. Attachment, burrowing,
and crawling rates were studied, and the effects of the oil on
these activities are given.
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(3):#16893w. 1978]
85
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C-0560-78
THE SEA URCHIN EGG AS A MODEL FOR TESTING OIL AND OIL DISPERSANTS
[in Norwegian]
Loenning-Vader, S. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Mi 1joevardssekretariatet, Publikation. p. 289-294.
Dispersants, Biological effects, Marine organisms, Echinoderms,
*Sea urchin eggs, *Fertilization, *Bio-indicator
"Oil dispersants had a considerable inhibiting effect on the
fertilization rate and on the percentage fertilization in sea
urchins. Some typical effects of common dispersants on
Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis were as follows (concentration
in ppm, name of agent, % fertilization): 100, Corexit 7664,
39; 10, Co exit 9527, 25; 100, BP 1100X, 29; 10, BP 1100 WD, 88."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90176k. 1977]
C-Q561-78
THE SEA URCHIN AS A TEST OBJECT IN OIL POLLUTION STUDIES
Lonning, S. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:186-188.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.). •
Echinoderms, *Sea urchins, Toxicity, Dispersants, Petroleum
products, *Bio-indicator
Laboratory studies are described which illustrate the use of
sea urchin gametes and embryos as test materials for evaluating
the toxicity of oil pollutants and oil dispersants.
C-0562-78
POLLUTION - EXTENSIVE REVIEW (book review)
Morris, R. 0. 1978.
Marine Policy 2(l):76-77.
Biological effects, Marine organisms, Book review
A thorough review is presented of the book Marine Pollution
[R. Johnston (ed.). London, Academic Press, 1976. xiv & 729p.].
The chapter on oil pollution (Colwell) is considered disappointing,
because it does not mention much of the recent work on biochemical
effects of oil pollution on marine organisms, and because the
author concludes that the chief effects of oil pollution are
aesthetic and transitory.
86
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C-0563-78
THE EFFECT OF DISSOLVED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ON SOME OF THE ASPECTS
OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN FISHES AND INVERTEBRATES
Mazmanidi, N. D., and G. I. Kovaleva. 1975.
Journal of Ichthyology 15(5):811-816.
Petroleum products, Toxicity, Metabolism, Fish, Invertebrates,
Acute effects, Chronic effects
The authors examine the symptoms of petroleum toxicosis in mobile
aquatic organisms (fishes, their larvae and shrimps), and the
alteration of indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in fishes,
mussels, and shrimps under conditions of acute, subacute, and
chronic toxicity by dissolved petroleum products. They conclude
from the similarity of the reaction of these organisms at
different phylogenetic levels that there may be a single mechanism
in the action of dissolved petroleum products on living structures.
[from Oceanographic Abstracts and Bibliography 24(5) :347. 1977]
C-0564-78
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Mclntyre, A. D.,^and K. J. Whittle (eds.). 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171. 230p. Proceedings
from ICES Workshop in Aberdeen, 9-12 September 1975.
Hydrocarbons, Oceans, Fate, Biological effects, Chemical analysis,
*Proceedings ICES Workshop
Thirty-six papers plus discussions are presented. The workshop
dealt with research methodology and analytical techniques, the
occurrence of petroleum hydrocarbons in the biota and physical
environment, and their effects on marine ecosystems. Each
paper is abstracted separately in this volume of Oil Pollution
Reports.
C-Q565-78
INGESTION OF CRUDE OIL: SUBLETHAL EFFECTS IN HERRING GULL CHICKS
Miller, D. S., D. B. Peakall, and W. B. Kinter. 1978.
Science 199(4326):315-317.
Sublethal effects, Birds, Crude oil, *Herring gull
"A single small oral dose of Kuwait or South Louisiana crude
oil caused cessation of growth, osmoregulatory impairment, and
hypertrophy of hepatic, adrenal, and nasal gland tissue in herring
gull chicks living in a simulated marine environment. These
findings suggest that ingesting crude oil causes multiple sublethal
effects that might impair a bird's ability to survive at sea."
87
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C-0566-78
EFFECTS OF PRUDHOE CRUDE OIL SPILLS ON COASTAL TUNDRA PONDS
Miller, M. C., J. R. Vestal, S. Mozley, M. Butler, and 0. E.
Hobie. 1977.
Energy/Environment II - National Conference on the Inter-agency
Research & Development Program, 2nd, Washington, D. C., 1977.
p. 521-529.
Crude oil, Oil spills, Freshwater, Biological effects, Plankton,
Chronic effects, Arctic, *Insects, *Coastal tundra ponds
The biological effects of crude oil experimentally spilled into
small coastal tundra ponds has been monitored for over 6 years.
The spills have had long-lasting effects on phytoplankton and
zooplankton survival and reproduction. Species composition and
population in chironomids and other insects was strongly suppressed
for several years. In some insects, this long term suppression
is related to their multi-year larval stages.
C-0567-78
HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION OF THE BLACK SEA MUSSEL MYTILUS
GALLOPROVINCIALIS [English summary]
Mironov, 0. G., and T. L. Shchekaturina. 1977.
Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 56(8):1250-1252.
Hydrocarbons, Mollusks, Uptake, Black Sea, *Myti1us galloprovincialis,
*Paraffins
The article discusses hydrocarbon content of the title mussel
from two separate bays. The paraffin content differed significantly,
giving rise to the idea of using mussels as indicators of oil
pollution.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(25):#195012g. 1977]
C-0568-78
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TOXICITY TESTING OF OILS AND DISPERSANTS
(book review)
Morris, A. W. 1975.
The Journal of Applied Ecology 12(3):983.
Toxicity, Petroleum products, Dispersants, Analytical techniques,
Book review, Europe
The title book [L. R. Beynon, and E. B. Cowell (eds.). London,
Applied Science Publishers, for the Institute of Petroleum (Great
Britain), 1974. vi & 149p.] presents the papers and discussions
of a workshop given on the methods of such toxicity testing practiced
by 10 laboratories in Ireland, Sweden, France, West Germany, and
Britain. The reviewer criticizes the substandard subject index,
and a summary article and unedited discussion which were not deemed
of direct interest to the reader. However, the book is called "essential
reading" as it points out the practical problems involved in such
experimentation and the need for diverse physical, chemical, and
biological knowledge application.
88
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C-0569-78
TRANSFER OF PETROLEUM AND BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS IN THE SARGASSUM
COMMUNITY
Morris, B. F., J. Cadwallader, J. Geiselman, and J. N. Butler.
1976.
Marine Pollutant Transfer. H. L. Windom, and R. A. Duce (eds.).
Lexington, Massachusetts, Lexington Books, D. C. Heath and Company,
1976. p. 235-260.
Hydrocarbons, Contamination, Food web, Sargasso Sea, *Transfer,
*Biogenic hydrocarbons
Results of initial work concerning hydrocarbon transfer in the
Sargassum community are presented. Associated fauna all showed
high levels of petroleum contamination, but no correlation was
found between natural and biogenic hydrocarbon content, and there
does not appear to be consistent magnification along the food web.
It is indicated that the overall petroleum load to the community
is in response to long-term pollution, not to local tar accumulation.
C-0570-78
EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTED BY OIL ON AQUATIC ANIMALS. IV.
QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF C14-C24 N-PARAFFINS IN MARINE SCALLOPS.
PECTEN YESSOENSIS
Motohiro, T., and Z. Iseya. 1976.
Hokkaido Daigaku Suisangakubu Kenkyu Iho 27(3-4) :191-196.
Hydrocarbons, Chroma tography, Sampling, Mollusks, Sediments,
*Pecten yessoensis
"The concentrations of n-paraffins (I) in unknown samples were
determined by calculating the areas of the gas chromatograms and
by referring to the standard curve. I from C-M_24 were contained
in the marine sediments which were collected from the scallop
fishing ground and a similar chromatography pattern was obtained
from the scallops."
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(1 ) :#1177s. 1978]
C-0571-78
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TOXICITY TESTING OF OILS AND DISPERSANTS
(book review)
Mount, D. I. 1975.
American Fisheries Society, Transactions 104(4) :840-841 .
Toxicity, Petroleum products, Dispersants, Analytical techniques,
Europe, Book review
89
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The title book [L. R. Beynon, and E. B. Cowell (eds.). New
York, Halsted Press, John Wiley and Sons, 1974. viii & 149p.],
here critically reviewed, contains the proceedings of a workshop
entitled "Toxicity Testing of Oils and Dispersants." The
reviewer states: "The book will be useful to anyone who wants
to get a very cursory review of European activities related to
the toxicity testing of oils and dispersants. It will not be of
much use to others, because it does not give data or conclusions,
and the methods are insufficiently described to be helpful."
C-0572-78
NATURAL VARIABILITY IN DISTRIBUTION OF AN INTERTIDAL POPULATION
OF MACOMA BALTHICA SUBJECT TO POTENTIAL OIL POLLUTION AT PORT
VALDEZ, ALASKA
Myren, R. T., and J. J. Pella. 1977.
Marine Biology 41(4):371-382.
Baseline studies, Oil terminals, Distribution, Mollusks, Intertidal
zone, Chronic effects, Alaska, *Macoma balthica
The title study was conducted to obtain baseline information on
natural variations in the population of the dominant tidal mudflat
organism, the lamellibranch Macoma balthica. The study was
conducted over the two year period, 1971-1972, in order to precede
any low-level or chronic oil pollution which would arise from use
of the port as an oil storage and tanker loading facility.
C-0573-78
CONTAMINATION BY ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS IN MARINE PRODUCTS
Nakamura, A., and T. Kashimoto. 1977.
Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 18(3):252-259.
Crude oil, Chromatography, Spectroscopy, Mollusks, Uptake,
*0ysters, *Sulfur compounds
Compounds found in crude oil were used to indicate oil pollution
in marine products. Sulfur compounds obtained from crude oil
were analyzed by GC/MS. Similar analysis of fresh oyster tissue
showed an accumulation of the same compounds.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(21):#166130p. 1977]
C-0574-78
THE METULA OIL SPILL
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1976.
Report NOAA-76112408. 342p.
Metula spill, Environmental effects, Crude oil, Marine organisms,
Mortality, Baseline studies, Magellan/Strait of
90
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The supertanker Metula spill in August 1974 of over 50,000 tons
of crude oil into the Strait of Magellan is addressed. "Findings
of a team'of scientists from the United States and Chile, who
investigated the environmental damage in August 1974 and again in
January 1975, and of others who discussed the spill at a workshop,
are summarized. Included are the background of the accident, the
physical environment, the reasons why cleanup measures were not
attempted, and the most important follow-up research needs."
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(21):#PB-270 418/7GA.
1977]
C-0575-78
ARCTIC MARINE ECOSYSTEMS AND OIL POLLUTION
Percy, J. A. 1975.
Circumpolar Conference on Northern Ecology. Ottawa, Ontario,
National Research Council of Canada, 1975. p. II87-II98. Held
September 15-18, 1975. Proceedings.
Crude oil, Marine organisms, Toxicity, Weathering, Ice, Ecosystems,
Sediments, Arctic
The sensitivity of Arctic animals to spilled crude oil may be
influenced by seasons, and seasonal parameters, such as temperature
and ice-cover. Oil spilled under ice does not weather as fast as
exposed oil, thus retaining its toxicity longer. Sediments
contaminated by oil are toxic to certain benthic invertebrates.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(21):#162358w. 1977]
C-0576-78
INVESTIGATION OF EFFECTS AND FATES OF POLLUTANTS
Pilson, M. E. Q., G. A. Vargo, P. Gearing, and J. N. Gearing. 1977,
Energy/Environment II - National Conference on the Inter-agency
Research & Development Program, 2nd, Washington, D.C., 1977.
p. 513-516. Report EPA-600/9-77-012. (EPA Decision Series)
Biological effects, Fate, Contamination, Plankton, Benthos, Models
An attempt to replicate the marine environment of the northeast
US coast in the form of experimental microcosms is detailed. The
microcosms are currently used to provide quantitative information
on the fate and effects of low concentrations of oil contaminants
on benthic animals, zooplankton and phytoplankton, and it is hoped
that the microcosms will remain viable for at least one year.
91
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C-0577-78
EFFECT OF NO. 2 FUEL OIL AND SOUTH LOUISIANA CRUDE OIL WATER-
SOLUBLE FRACTIONS ON HEMOGLOBIN COMPENSATION AND HYPOXIA TOLERANCE
IN THE POLYCHAETOUS ANNELID, NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA (MOORE)
Rossi, S. S., and J. W. Anderson. 1977.
Marine Science Communications 3(2) .-117-131.
Crude oil, Fuel oil, WSF, Toxicity, Sublethal effects, Polychaetes,
*Neanthes arenaceodentata
The ability of the title organism to increase its body hemoglobin
content in response to hypoxia was not affected by sublethal
concentrations of water-soluble fractions (WSF) of No. 2 fuel
oil, but was slightly disrupted by WSFs of Louisiana crude.
Reduced dissolved oxygen concentrations synergistically increased
the toxicity of the WSFs of crude oil, but did not alter the toxicity
of the fuel oil WSFs.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(13):#96890k. 1977]
C-0578-78
EFFECTS OF OUTBOARD MARINE ENGINE EXHAUST ON THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Schenk, J. E., P. F. Atkins, Jr., R. L. Weitzel, P. B. Simon,
ejtal_. 1975.
Progress in Water Technology 7(3/4):733-741.
Hydrocarbons, Fuels, Biological effects, Lakes, *0utboard motor
exhaust, *Bioassay
This 1970-1973 study was undertaken by EPA and the Boating
Industry Association. A laboratory and a field study were conducted
incorporating 'mini-lakes', leaded and non-leaded fuels, and
bioassay experiments. No acute effects on the biota were observed.
C-0579-78
EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM ON BIRDS
Szaro, R. C. 1977.
Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources
Conference Vol. 42:374-381.
Crude oil, Birds, Chronic effects, Sublethal effects, *Ingestion,
*Mallard ducks
A review of the effects of petroleum on birds is given. In
addition, results of a study are presented, in which mallard
ducklings were fed diets containing <50,000 ppm crude oil. They
did not weigh as much as controls, but lived as long. Other details
are discussed.
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(3):#16847j. 1978]
92
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C-0580-78
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSPENSIONS OF KUWAIT OIL AND COREXIT 7664
AND THEIR SHORT- AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS ON TISBE BULBISETOSA
(COPEPODA: HARPACTICOIDA)
Venezia, L. D., and V. U. Fossato. 1977.
Marine Biology 42(3):233-238.
Crude oil, Dispersants, Emulsions, Acute effects, Chronic effects,
Crustaceans, *Copepods, *Tisbe bulbisetosa
A technique for preparing seawater suspensions of crude oil and
dispersant was developed, and the acute and chronic effects of
the suspension on the title organism were determined. Although
concentrations used were significantly higher than those in
known polluted waters, adult females were found to be quite
tolerant to the suspensions, and the long-term effects on egg
production and larval hatching success were negligible when compared
to the controls.
C-0581-78
EFFECT OF PETROLEUM ON THE LEVEL OF NORADRENALINE IN THE BRAIN
TISSUE OF GOLDFISH AND MINNOWS [English summary]
Vosyliene, M. 1977.
Lietuvos TSR Mokslu. Akademijos Darbai Serija C(l):93-97.
Biological effects, Fish, Mortality, *Minnows, *Goldfish,
*Noradrenaline levels, *Brain tissues
Goldfish (Carassius auratus) mortality rate changes were not
apparent in the presence of 0.05 to 4 ml/L petroleum, whereas
most minnows (Phoxinus phoxinus) died after two weeks of exposure
to 4 ml/L petroleum. Minnow brain noradrenaline content was
consistently increased by presence of petroleum, but for goldfish
the results were inconsistent.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(13):#96971n. 1977]
C-0582-78
FATE OF HYDROCARBONS IN FISH
Whittle, K. J., J. Murray, P. R. Mackie, R. Hardy, and 0. Farmer.
1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for -the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:139-142.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Hydrocarbons, Fish, Food web, Biological effects, Metabolism,
Uptake, *Hexadecane, *Benzo[a]pyrene
93
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"Juvenile herring were fed an experimental diet of squid containing
[14c]-labelled hexadecane and benzo[a]pyrene and the distribution
of activity in various tissues and organs was assayed 43-45 hr
later. 24-25% of the activity fed was recovered in the tissues
and organs examined but the distribution of activity in these
was quite different for each hydrocarbon. Most of the hexadecane
recovered was found in the muscle but most of the benzo[a]pyrene
remained in the stomach."
C-0583-78
PHENALEN-1-ONE: OCCURRENCE IN A FUEL OIL AND TOXICITY TO MICROALGAE
Winters, K., J. C. Batterton, and C. Van Baal en. 1976.
Report NSF/IDOE-77-113, Contract NSF-GX-37345. 4p.
Toxicity, Fuel oil, WSF, Algae, Growth, *Phenalen-l-one
Phenalen-1-one, isolated from the water-soluble fraction of a
No. 2 fuel oil, had two different effects on the growth of
microalgae. With blue-green algae toxicity occurred at 5 ppm
and was independent of wavelength, whereas with green algae
toxicity was wavelength dependent. In white light 250 ppb was
lethal; with this same light screened by a yellow filter (530 nm),
toxicity occurred at 10 ppm. Growth inhibition of a diatom was
also wavelength dependent, but the required concentration was
around twentyfold that for green algae.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(20):#PB-269 076/6GA.
1977]
C-0584-78
WATER SOLUBLE EXTRACTIVES FROM PETROLEUM OILS: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION
AND EFFECTS ON MICROALGAE AND MARINE ANIMALS
Winters, K., C. Van Baalen, and J. A. C. Nicol. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:166-174.
Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre,
and K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Crude oil, Petroleum products, Biological effects, Mortality,
Behavior, Algae, Microorganisms, Invertebrates
Four different fuel oils were tested against 6 strains of microalgae,
including blue-greens, greens, and diatoms. The microalgae
differed in sensitivity to each specific oil, and each alga
differed in sensitivity to the various oils. The eggs, larvae
or embryos of various invertebrates were also exposed to crude
oils, fuel oils, and aromatic compounds to determine mortalities.
Fuel oils and crankcase oils were especially toxic. Changes in
behavior were noted.
94
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C-0585-78
OIL POLLUTION ON THE POLISH COAST OF THE BALTIC SEA [English
summary]
Wolk, K. 1975.
Ochrona Przyrody Vol. 40:229-246.
Biological effects, Birds, Mortality, Coasts, Baltic Sea, Poland,
*C1angu1a hyemail's
"The oil menace on the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea which
occurs from September-April and attains greater intensity from
November-March is discussed in relation to its effect on the
shorebirds of the area, particularly the long tailed duck (Clangula
hyemalis). Data are given for the number of dead birds as a
direct result of this environmental pollution."
[from Biological Abstracts 64(11):#65566. 1977]
C-0586-78
CRUDE OIL EFFECTS ON MICROSOMAL MIXED-FUNCTION OXIDASE SYSTEM
COMPONENTS IN THE STRIPED MULLET (MUGIL CEPHALUS)
Yarbrough, J. D., and J. E. Chambers. 1977.
Crude oil, Fish, Toxicity, Acute effects, *Mugi1 cephalus
Juvenile striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) were exposed for 4 days
to 2 different types of crude oil. It was found that the acute
toxicity of Saudi Arabian crude was greater than that of Empire
Mix crude oil.
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(3):#16921d. 1978]
2. PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL ASPECTS
C-0587-78
OIL POLLUTION AND MUSSEL CULTURE [in German]
Meixner, R. 1977.
Information fur die Fischwirtschaft 24(3-4):99-101.
Contamination, Mollusks, Fisheries, Chromatography, Release,
Metabolism, *Mussel cultures
Oil pollution is increasingly affecting European mussel cultures,
primarily because of the undesirable taste of contaminated
mussels. Gas chromatographic studies indicate that depuration
of hydrocarbons from contaminated mussels (^220 mg/kg) took 5
months. Self-purification is dependent on the metabolic activity
of the animal and therefore also the ambient temperature.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(12):#7Q16560.
1977]
95
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C-0588-78
KINETICS OF IN-SITU SELF-PURIFICATION IN MUSSELS CONTAMINATED
BY A PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON [in French]
Michel, P. 1976.
Science et Peche No. 259:1-7.
Oil spills, Contamination, Fuel oil, Mollusks, Uptake, Release,
France, *Port de Bouc spill, *Mussels
On Nov. 17, 1975, the tanker Port de Bouc spilled about 470 t
of No. 2 fuel oil into Saint Brieuc Bight, polluting a commercial
mussel field valued at $2 million within several days. The highest
level of contamination was attained after 3 days (505 mg/kg of
wet flesh, compared to 16 mg/kg for controls) and a petroleum
taste was still discernible after 3 months. 5 months were necessary
for a complete removal of contaminants. No mortality was observed
and mussels had a normal growth rate during this period.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(11):#7Q14998.
1977]
C-0589-78
SOME DYNAMICS OF SPILLED OIL IN A FRACTURED ICE FIELD IN BUZZARDS
BAY, MASSACHUSETTS
Welsh, J. P., I. M. Lissauer, G. L. Hufford, T. S. Ellis, et a]_. 1977.
Ocean Engineering 4(4/5):197-203.
Movement, Spreading, Ice, Oil spills, Fate, Behavior, Massachusetts,
*Buzzards Bay
Four days after about 300 m oil were accidentally spilled under
ice, about 60% of the oil was incorporated into the fractured ice
zones and onto the ice surface. Movement of oil into and onto
the ice was basically a result of oil/water density differences
and ice field deformation. Fracture zones formed conduits along
which oil spread into and over the ice. When these leads closed,
the oil was trapped as pools on the ice and was further spread by
wi nds.
3. SOCIAL/ECONOMIC ASPECTS
C-0590-78
WHAT PRICE POLLUTION (news brief)
Anon. 1976.
BioScience 26(10):60.
Oil spills, Economic effects, Marine organisms, Compensation,
California, *Monetary values
96
-------
The state of California has decided to make polluters pay for the
damage they cause, and has developed a price list assigning a
monetary value to flora and fauna that are killed by pollution
incidents such as oil spills. The lists, developed by the California
Department of Fish and Game uses market values wherever possible,
or takes into consideration the destroyed organism's replacement
value, use value, and psychic or aesthetic value.
C-0591-78
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO WATER POLLUTION REGULATIONS
FOR HEXANE EXTRACTABLE MATERIALS, R74-l,8,9
Bates, L. W. 1977.
Report IIEQ-77-17. 199p. Final report.
Regulations, Pollution control, Oil discharges, Economic effects,
Illinois, *Hexanes
This report examines the economic effects of amending Rule 408,
Chapter III, of the "Rules and Regulations" of the Illinois
Pollution Control Board (1976). The amendment would change the
current 15 mg/L standard for total oil discharged from point
sources.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(20):#PB-269 184/8GA.
1977]
4. GENERAL ASPECTS
C-Q592-78
POLLUTION FROM VESSELS: DIVERSE EQUIPMENT OFFERED TO MEET WATER
QUALITY STANDARDS
Anon. 1976.
Marine Engineering/Log 81(6):27-37.
Regulations, Pollution control, Equipment, USCG, IMCO, Oil industry
"Highlights of the U.S. and IMCO oil pollution control and sewage
regulations are presented, and USCG methods for identifying
polluters are outlined. Exxon U.S.A. reports on its pollution
control efforts. Lists of available oil-water separators, oil
spill control equipment, and MSDs are also provided."
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 142922. 1977]
97
-------
C-0593-78
SYMPOSIUM WEIGHS EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION
Anon. 1976.
BioScience 26(10):601-604.
Environmental effects, Offshore production, Hydrocarbons, Marine
organisms, Sublethal effects, Fate, Sources, *Symposium
Briefly summarized are the conclusions of some of the papers
presented at the Symposium "Sources, Effects, and Sinks of
Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment," held August 9-11,
1976, at American University, Washington, D.C. The field studies
reviewed tended to minimize the adverse effects of oil pollution;
biological studies showed the sublethal effects of oil contamination,
and studies of the fate of oil at sea emphasized the role of
biodegradation.
C-0594-78
WORSE LUCK NEXT TIME FOR THE NORTH SEA?
Anon. 1977.
New Scientist 74(1058):760.
Blowouts, Pollution prevention, Regulations, Safety, Contingency
planning, North Sea, UK
The apparent lack of adverse effects from the Ekofisk blowout
in April 1977 was a result of fortuitous circumstances, and the
incident has pointed out the need for effective national emergency
response and coordinated research and development in combatting
oil pollution. Since the incident the UK has enacted over a dozen
sets of safety regulations and more are to come.
C-0595-78
ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MARINE OIL POLLUTION
Baker, J., J. Addy, B. Dicks, S.^Hainsworth, e_t a]_. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:196-201. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Ecosystems, Environmental effects, Coasts, Shorelines, UK,
Marine organisms, Toxicity
Field surveys and experiments on the title effects to various
nearshore biological communities are described. The work, conducted
by the Field Studies Council Oil Pollution Research Unit, Pembroke,
UK, includes studies of the rocky shoreline, salt marshes, sand
and mud flats. The comparative toxicities, tolerances of various
species and behavioral responses of animals are discussed.
98
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C-0596-78
WATER POLLUTION TECHNOLOGY
Black, J. A. 1977.
Reston, VA., Reston Publishing Co., Inc., 1977. 260p.
Sources, Legislation, Contamination, Pollution control
This textbook is a synthesis of general information on marine,
surface, and groundwater systems; the sources and consequences
of pollution and possible solutions; as well as applications and
the analytical methods commonly used in water and wastewater
monitoring. Oil pollution is briefly discussed in the chapters
on types and sources of contamination, and legal aspects of
water pollution control.
C-0597-78
POLLUTION OF THE SEA BY HYDROCARBONS [in French]
Carronne, M. P. 1976.
Annales Hydrographiques, Series 5. 4(3):108p.
Sources, Environmental effects, Petroleum products, Crude oil,
Detection, Chemical analysis, Monitoring, Bibliographies
This document presents a general review of the origins and general
characteristics of crude oil and petroleum products, and the inputs
and environmental effects of petroleum pollutants. The detection,
identification, and monitoring of petroleum pollutants in the marine
environment is also discussed. An extensive pre-1974 bibliography
is included.
[from Underwater Information Bulletin 9(6):32. 1977]
C-0598-78
INPUTS, TRANSPORT MECHANISMS, AND OBSERVED CONCENTRATIONS OF
PETROLEUM IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Clark, R. C., Jr., and W. D. MacLeod, Jr. 1977.
Effects of Petroleum on Arctic and Subarctic Marine Environments
and Organisms. Vol. I. Nature and Fate of Petroleum. D. C. Malins
(ed.). New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1977. p. 91-223.
Sources, Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, Fate, Physical effects, Chemical
effects, Biological effects
A literature review of the title subjects is presented in Chapter 2.
The chapter summarizes the known and potential inputs of petroleum
from land-based and marine operations, natural seeps, and the
atmosphere; the fate of oil, and the physical, chemical, and
biological processes that affect oil spilled at sea; and petroleum
hydrocarbon levels in marine organisms, sediments, and seawater.
A list of 286 references is included.
99
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C-0599-78
IMPACT OF OIL ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Food and Agriculture Organization. 1977.
Report of a Study by GESAMP, Vol. 6. 250p.
Petroleum products, Biodegradation, Carcinogens, Mortality,
Sublethal effects, Uptake, Release
"A report on the impact of oil on marine environment, covering
tainting, deoxygenation, effects of microbiological populations,
carcinogens, lethal effects, sublethal effects, heating effects,
routes into and within biosystems is given."
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(3):#16834c. 1978]
C-0600-78
HYDROCARBONS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Garrett, W. D. 1975.
Background Papers for a Workshop on the Tropospheric Transport
of Pollutants to the Ocean. Washington, D.C., National Academy
of Sciences, 1975. p. 115-120.
Hydrocarbons, Petroleum products, Oil transport, Oceans, Sea
surface, *Air-sea interface
It is hypothesized that the rate of hydrocarbon introduction into
the atmosphere depends upon the type and volatility of petroleum
products. Factors in handling and transportation enter into
discussion, and fluxes at the air-sea interface are estimated
as about 1.4 Tg/y for the Northern Hemisphere.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172525n. 1977]
C-0601-78
HYDROCARBONS AND PETROLEUM IN THE MARINE ECOSYSTEM - A REVIEW
Hardy, R., P. R. Mackie, and K. iL Whittle. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:17-26. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and K. J.
Whittle (eds.).
Hydrocarbons, Sources, Sampling, Fate, Chemical analysis, Biological
effects, *Review
This brief review with 140 references considers input, methodology,
occurrence, fate, and effects of hydrocarbons in the marine
environment. Sampling and analytical techniques appear complex,
especially in the open sea. The fate of petroleum components is
unknown, but the amounts present in the sea seem to exceed the
estimated annual input by several orders of magnitude. The effects
of petroleum vary with the composition, concentration, and the
interacting component.
100
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C-0602-78
ORGANIC ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS IN WATER - REVIEW OF CONDITIONS
IN NORWAY [in Norwegian]
Hatling, 0. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Miljoevardssekretariatet, Publikation. p. 15-22.
Contamination, Petroleum products, Sediments, Norway
"The review, with no references, covers bottom sediment concen-
trations in fjords as a function of downstream distance, measures
taken to restrict contamination from industrial sources, and
petroleum pollutants."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90442u. 1977]
C-0603-78
COASTAL GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SEDIMENTATION OF THE METULA OIL SPILL
SITE IN THE STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
Hayes, M. 0., and E. R. Gundlach. 1975.
Report to Advanced Environmental Research & Technology, National
Science Foundation. 103p.
Sediments, Magellan/Strait of, Metula spill, Coasts, Sedimentation,
*Geomorphology
Summary not available.
[from Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(6):136. 1977]
C-Q604-78
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Hodges, L. 1977.
New York, N.Y., Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1977. 496p.
Sources, Oil industry, Tankers, Natural seepage, Environmental
effects, Water quality, Inland
In this general text on the nature, sources and effects of
environmental pollutants, the sources and problems of marine and
inland oil pollution are briefly reviewed in the chapter on
industrial and commercial water pollution (Chapter 10).
C-0605-78
WHAT NORTH SEA OIL MIGHT COST FISHERIES
Johnston, R. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:212-223. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Fisheries, North Sea, Oil spills, Cost analysis, Economic effects,
Offshore development
101
-------
Published information is inadequate for an accurate assessment
of the impact of oil development on North Sea fisheries; thus,
the author marshals available data to make a tentative appraisal
of the possible loss of fish resulting from spill scenarios of
various magnitudes and probabilities. It is concluded that even
a catastrophic spill would result in only a small loss to fish
production or its approximate cash equivalent. Physical obstruction
to fishing is seen as a possibly more serious interference.
C-Q6Q6-78
POLLUTION IN THE NORTHEAST PACIFIC OCEAN
Karrick, N. L., and E. H. Gruger, Jr. 1976.
Marine Fisheries Review 38(11):2-19.
Contaminants, Hydrocarbons, Biological effects, Fate, Fish,
Pacific Ocean, Industries
The first part of this paper is a general review of the major
classes of contaminants, their physical transport and distribution
in the aquatic environment, and their acute and long-term toxic
effects on marine life, primarily fish. Pollutants discharged
into the Northeast Pacific by various industries, agriculture,
and food processing are discussed. Petroleum hydrocarbons are
mentioned throughout the article.
C-0607-78
WATER QUALITY IN TOKYO BAY [English summary]
Koido, Y., H. Kawahara, K. Soda, and H. Esumi. 1975.
Annual Report of Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute of
Environmental Protection, 1975:23-43.
Oil spills, Ships, Oil discharges, Ecosystems, Water quality,
Japan, *Tokyo Bay
Data on the pollutants in Tokyo Bay are presented and effects
of organic C and total P distribution are discussed. Pollution,
including oil from ships, has completely destroyed the ecological
cycle of the Bay.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(20):#156735a. 1977]
C-0608-78
EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM ON ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
AND ORGANISMS. VOL. 1. NATURE AND FATE OF PETROLEUM
Malins, D. C. (ed.). 1977.
New York, Academic Press, 1977. 321 p.
Hydrocarbons, Petroleum products, Marine organisms, Arctic, Oceans,
Subarctic regions, Fate, Sources
102
-------
The two volumes of this work were compiled to present a cogent
discussion of the title topics. In Volume I, Chapter 1 (Clark &
Brown) deals with physical characteristics and chemical properties
of petroleum, methods of hydrocarbon analysis, and the presence
of hydrocarbons in petroleum and organisms. Chapter 2 (Clark &
MacLeod) discusses potential petroleum hydrocarbon inputs, spill
transport mechanisms, and hydrocarbon levels in the marine
environment. Chapter 3 (Karrick) is entitled "Alterations in
Petroleum Resulting from Physico-Chemical and Microbiological
Factors." A total of nearly 700 references is provided. The
chapters are summarized separately in this report.
C-0609-78
MARINE ENVIRONMENT IN THE RED SEA
Martin, T. 1977.
Journal of the Society for Underwater Technology 2(4):23-24.
Sources, Behavior, Fate, Oil slicks, Oil spills, Pollution
control, Biological effects, Red Sea
A brief, general review is presented on the sources of oil
pollution, the fate and behavior of oil spills and slicks, and
research needed to measure, monitor, and control oil pollution
in the Red Sea.
[Underwater Information Bulletin 9(3):#7706/1349. 1977]
C-0610-78
PETROLEUM, A POLLUTANT IN SEARCH OF TOXICITY? (letter to the editor)
Payne, J. F. 1978.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 9(2):108-113.
Marine organisms, Toxicity,
Hydrocarbons, Chronic effects:
*Toxicological research
A lack of evidence to indicate that oil is harmful to most marine
environments and a lack of sophisticated tools for an ecological
study, motivated the author to suggest that future research might
focus on the effects of chronic hydrocarbon exposure on marine
organisms. A toxicological approach at the physiological-
biochemical level was recommended.
C-0611-78
GEOBIOLOGY, ECOLOGY, PLANNING. POLLUTION OF MARINE WATERS [in French]
Peres, J.-M. (ed.). 1976.
Paris, France, Gauthier Viliars, 1976.
Hydrocarbons, Fate, Ecosystems, Environmental effects, Pollution
control
103
-------
A collection of papers on the chemical, physical, and biological
pollution of the sea is presented. Topics covered include the
control of hydrocarbon pollution, and the interaction of
hydrocarbon with biocenoses.
[from Biological Abstracts 65(1):#1751. 1978]
C-Q612-78
STUDY OF SEA WATER CONTAMINATION IN THE BURGAS DISTRICT
[English summary]
Royachki, M., T. Gurdanov, and A. Traikova. 1977.
Trudove po Vodosnabdyavane, Kanalizatsiya Sanitarna Tekhnike
12(2):43-50.
Contamination, Petroleum products, Seawater, Black Sea, *Bulgaria
Samples of seawater from the Burgas district of Bulgaria were
examined for oil and other contaminants. The amount of oil
varied from 0 to 54
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(22):#172431d. 1977]
C-0613-78
RECENT NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC VARIATIONS IN THE CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION OF THE WATERS OF THE BALTIC SEA
Simonov, A. I., S. G. Oradovskii, S. K. Revina, and S. A. Patin,
et al_. 1976.
Ambio Special Report Vol. 4:11-15.
Contamination, Chronic effects, Chemical effects, Baltic Sea,
*0xygen deficiency
The chronic 02 deficiency in the lower layer of the Baltic Sea
over the last 20 years and the increased NH4+ content are related
to the significant pollution by organic wastes. The inflowing
North Sea waters are a source of oil and detergents. However the
level of oil and detergent pollution in the Baltic Sea has
decreased in recent years.
[from Chemical Abstracts 88(4):#27552. 1978]
EFFECTS OF COASTAL POLLUTION ON FISH AND FISHERIES - WITH PARTICULAR
REFERENCE TO THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT
Sindermann, C. J. 1976.
Symposium on the Middle Atlantic Continental Shelf and the New
York Bight, New York, NY, 1975. M. G. Gross (ed.j. Lawrence,
Kansas, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc., 1976.
Vol. 2. p. 281-301. Special Symposium of the American Society of
Limnology and Oceanography.
Petroleum products, Contamination, Fish, Fisheries, Coasts,
Atlantic Coast, *Middle Atlantic Bight
104
-------
The effects of heavy metals, halogenated hydrocarbons, and
petroleum products and residues on coastal shellfish and fish
resources are assessed. There is abundant evidence for localized
contamination of these resources, but as yet there is little
specific evidence for widespread damage to major fisheries
resource populations resulting from pollution.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9) :#7Q11860.
1977]
C-0615-78
THE HEALTH OF THE OCEANS
United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization.
1976.
New York, Unipub, 1976. 172p.
Environmental effects, Oceans, Hydrocarbons, Monitoring, Pollution
control, UN
This document "assesses, on the basis of the best available
scientific information, the nature and extent of pollution in
the marine environment. Describes relationship of oceanic to
societal time scales, the dynamics of marine pollution, and the
levels and effects of halogenated and petroleum hydrocarbons,
radioactive substances, heavy metals, and litter in the world's
oceans. Discusses the problems of predicting future pollution
levels, monitoring programs, and strategies for reducing marine
pollution."
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 148413. 1977]
C-0616-78
SCIENTIFIC STUDIES TO BE CONDUCTED IN RESPONSE TO AN OIL SPILL
IN THE BEAUFORT SEA
Ward, J. 6., and C. E. lull. 1977.
Patricia Bay, Victoria, British Columbia, Institute of Ocean
Studies, 1977. 151p. Report No. 77-2.
Guidelines, Oil spills, Fate, Behavior, Environmental effects,
Arctic, Beaufort Sea, *Scientific response studies
Guidelines are presented for studies to be conducted after a major
oil spill in the Beaufort Sea. Important research needs include
the immediate and long-term impact of such a spill and the behavior
and fate of oil in Arctic marine environments. Thirty scientific
response studies are described, and for each the priorities,
objectives, methods, timing, relation to other studies, and logistical
and funding requirements are outlined and summarized.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(11):#7Q14895.
1977]
105
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C-Q617-78
THE ARGO MERCHANT REVISITED
Worthington, V. 1977.
Conservation News 42(15):6-8.
Argo Merchant spill, NOAA, Chronic effects, Marine organisms,
Sediments, Fish
The results of a recently released NOAA-sponsored study entitled
"The Argo Merchant Oil Spill - A Preliminary Scientific Report"
are briefly summarized. This study indicates that, although the
short-term effects of the spill appear to have been minimal,
the long-term effects and interactions of the oil with sediments
and biological communities are as yet unknown. Two further
environmental assessment reports by NOAA, dealing with this
spill were expected to be released by September and October 1977.
106
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D. ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
1. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
C-0618-78
EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS USED IN OFFSHORE WELL-DRILLING OPERATIONS
Richards, N. L. 1977.
Energy/Environment II - National Conference on the Interagency
Research & Development Program, 2nd, Washington, D.C., 1977.
p. 509-511. Report EPA-600/9-77-012. (EPA Decision Series)
Offshore drilling, Biological effects, Toxicity, Marine organisms,
*Drilling muds
Research needs on the fate and biological effects of drilling
mud components are identified. Research in this area is impeded
by the chemical complexity of drilling muds and their components,
as well as the inapplicability of acute static bioassay tests
to actual offshore drilling and discharge conditions. A
comprehensive research program, presently underway, is outlined
and discussed.
2. PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL ASPECTS
[No entries.]
3. SOCIAL/ECONOMIC ASPECTS
[No entries.]
4. GENERAL ASPECTS
C-0619-78
NORTH SEA CLEAN-UP POSTPONED
Anon. 1977.
Holland Shipbuilding 26(2):70.
North Sea, Oil fields, Oil industry, *Debris and equipment cleanup
Because of rough weather conditions, oil industry cleanup
operations in oil field areas of the North Sea have been postponed.
The operations are designed to rid abandoned oil exploration and
production regions of debris and equipment that was left behind
on the seabed.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q11880.
1977]
107
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C-0620-78
OIL DRILLING THREAT TO U.S. EAST COAST (news brief)
Anon. 1978.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 9(2):31.
Offshore exploration, EPA, Environmental effects, New Jersey,
Maryland
Citizen groups are skeptical of EPA-approved exploratory
drilling programs in the area between 80 and 216 km off the coast
of New Jersey & Maryland. They argue that even exploratory
drilling programs can damage marine ecosystems and pollute ocean
and beaches.
C-0621-78
VIRGINIA REFINERY BATTLE: ANOTHER DILEMMA IN ENERGY FACILITY
SITING
Carter, L. C. 1978.
Science 199(4329):668-671.
Refineries, Development, EPA, Virginia, *James River
The controversy over the proposed refinery in southeastern
Virginia emphasizes the lack of an effective policy for energy
facility siting. The EPA, the US Fish and Wildlife Service,
and the National Marine Fisheries Service have recommended
that a permit be denied which is necessary for tankers to pass
through Canadian waters on their way to the refinery site.
Permit denial is recommended based on the potential that as-
sociated oil spills could ruin the already stressed seed oyster
beds in the lower James River.
C-0622-78
OIL SPILLS AND OFFSHORE DRILLING (letter to the editor)
Chaisson, R. E., L. B. Smith, Jr., and J. M. Fay. 1978.
Science 199(4325):128-129.
OCS, Offshore development, Environmental effects, Atlantic Ocean
The authors comment on the shortcomings of the article "Drilling,
tankers, and oil spills on the Atlantic outer continental shelf"
[Travers and Luney, 1976. Science 194(4267):791-796]. The
article assessed various tradeoffs of exploration and development
of the Atlantic OCS. The assumption that OCS development would
reduce tanker traffic and the assessment of the environmental
aspects of the OCS program are questioned.
108
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C-0623-78
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT & IMPACT STATEMENT HANDBOOK
Cheremisinoff, P., and A. C. Morresi. 1977.
Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Inc., 1977.
x & 438p.
Oil spills, Pollution control, Tankers, Platforms, Refineries,
Petrochemicals, Manuals, EIS, Environmental protection
The purpose of this book is to "provide a guide of informational
requirements for those in industry involved in evaluation and/or
preparation of environmental assessments." In the first 4
chapters, the requirements of the National Environmental Policy
Act of 1969 and the general criteria and methodology for preparation,
evaluation, and analysis of environmental impact statements (EIS)
are reviewed. Chapter 8 deals with oil spill impacts, the control
and cleanup of oil pollution resulting from offshore platforms, and
tanker operations and mishaps. Chapter 11 deals with air and
water pollution and waste-treatment and disposal in the petroleum
refining and petrochemicals industry.
C-0624-78
PROBLEMS OF OIL DEVELOPMENT IN THE SHETLANDS
Clark, I. 1977.
Oceanic Management - Conflicting Uses of the Celtic Sea and Other
Western U.K. Waters. M. M. Sibthorp, and M. Unwin (eds.). London,
Europa Publications, 1977. p. 213-217. Report of a Conference
held at University College of Swansea, 19-22 September 1975.
Offshore development, Onshore impacts, Socio-economic effects,
Oil industry, UK, North Sea, *Shetland Islands
The large-scale North Sea oil development is having major social
and economic consequences in the isolated Shetland Islands. The
rapid emergence of the oil industry has dwarfed the traditional
industries, the influx of imported labor is changing community
structure, and the sudden economic infusion to the region is requiring
careful and resourceful planning to minimize adverse effects of an
oil boom.
C-0625-78
GEORGES BANK IS WINNING FRIENDS, INFLUENCING PEOPLE
Cornell, C. 1978.
National Fisherman 58(12):20-21.
Oil-gas leasing, Fisheries, Legislation, Liability, Compensation',
OCS, Georges Bank
Two victories for the protection of the fisheries industry are discussed.
In the US House of Representatives, the OCS bill passed and included
funds to cover liability for oil spills. In the other battle, over
the Georges Bank lease sale, the vulnerability of several fisheries
resources to oil spills was cited. A temporary restraining order
was issued.
109
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C-0626-78
OIL SHALE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Environmental Protection Agency. 1977.
Washington, D.C., EPA Office of Research and Development, 1977.
Report EPA-600/9-77-033. 29p. (EPA Decision Series)
Oil shale, Development, Extraction, Environmental effects,
Health hazards, Socio-economic effects, Contamination, Restoration
This publication provides a general overview of western US oil
shale resources, the mining or in situ extraction processes, and
the environmental issues and changes associated with oil shale
development and exploitation. Briefly discussed are air pollution
aspects, surface water and groundwater contamination, spent shale
disposal, land disruption and restoration, health effects, and the
socio-economic effects, such as boom towns, associated with oil
shale development.
C-0627-78
OFFSHORE DRILLING IN THE LABRADOR SEA - ONE VIEWPOINT
Labrador Resources Advisory Council. 1978.
Spill Technology Newsletter 3(l):41-43.
Environmental effects, Regulations, Offshore drilling, OCS,
Canada, Government agencies, *Labrador Sea
The authors note and lament the fact that offshore oil drilling
in the Labrador Sea has been subject to much less stringent
regulation than similar activity in the Beaufort Sea, even though
the offshore Labrador environment is in many ways a more hostile
environment, and a potential blowout would have devastating impacts
on some of Canada's most productive coastline. The lack of sufficient
controls is blamed in part on the insensitivity and oil industry-
serving orientation of the regulatory agencies.
C-0628-78
OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Larminie, F. G. 1977.
Oceanic Management - Conflicting Uses of the Celtic Sea and Other
Western U.K. Waters. M. M. Sibthorp and M. Unwin (eds.). London,
Europa Publications, 1977. p. 7-11. Report of a Conference held
at University College of Swansea, 19-22 September 1975.
Offshore development, Oil spills, North Sea, Santa Barbara Channel,
*Celtic Sea, *Geologic conditions
A verbatim transcript of a report on the general geologic aspects
of offshore oil-gas development is presented, focusing on the North
Sea and Celtic Sea. The author stresses that a repeat of the Santa
Barbara oil spill would not be possible in the Celtic and North Sea
because the geologic conditions are very different and far less
hazardous than those in the Santa Barbara Channel.
110
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C-0629-78
POLLUTION AND DECONTAMINATION OF A CHRONICALLY OIL-CONTAMINATED
BRACKISH-WATER ENVIRONMENT [in Swedish]
Leppakoski, E. 1976.
NORDFORSK, Mi 1joevardssekretariatet, Publikation. p. 241-254.
Contamination, Refineries, Wastewaters, Chronic effects, Benthos
"A brackish-water area contaminated for about 30 years by an oil
refinery was mapped, and the effect of a radical reduction in
oil effluents on the bottom fauna was determined."
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(12):#90475g. 1977]
C-0630-78
MULTIPLE SEA USE
Lighthill, J. 1977.
Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 2(l):27-35.
Offshore development, Onshore impacts, Environmental effects,
North Sea, UK
The effects of North Sea oil development on the onshore and offshore
UK environment, and the converse effects of the environment on
exploitation are considered. The problems of pollution from oil
and other wastes are discussed, and the necessity of reconciling
the numerous different sea uses within a concept of multiple sea
use is stressed.
C-0631-78
NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT (3rd)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1975.
Report NOAA-77070508. 412p.
Environmental effects, Legislation, Crude oil, Pollution control,
*Coastal Zone Management, Conference
Panel discussions held during the title conference held in the
spring of 1975 are presented. The panels were categorized as
follows: energy, technical issues, legal issues, implementation,
and participation. Topics covered included environmental impacts,
crude oil, and pollution.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(21):#PB-271 069/7GA.
1977]
C-0632-78
OCS: IS IT WORTH IT?
Pope, M. 1978.
Conservation News 43(3):8-ll.
OCS, Offshore development, Economic effects, Environmental effects,
Atlantic Ocean
111
-------
The granting of federal permits for exploratory drilling for oil
and natural gas on the Atlantic OCS generates the question of
whether economic benefits of development outweigh environmental
and other costs. Environmental considerations include the
threat of oil spills from tankers and the possibility of a major
blowout. In addition to onshore impacts, oil spills could
result in losses to fishing and tourist industries.
C-0633-78
CAN THEY HEAD OFF THE TANKERS AT THE PASS?
Schueler, D. G. 1977.
Audubon 79(6):146-148.
Ports, Socio-economic effects, Onshore effects, Environmental
effects, Texas, *Superports
A negative review is presented of the socio-economic and environ-
mental effects of the proposed inshore superport facility at
Port Aransas, Texas. Problems include the deepening of the existing
ship channel from 14 m (45 ft.) to 24 m (80 ft.) and the disposal
of dredged mud and sand; an estimated quadrupling of the Corpus
Christi refineries and a tripling of the population; a $500
million investment that the taxpayers may end up funding; and the
impact on wildlife, the tidal ecosystem, and the tourist and
fisheries industries.
C-0634-78
OIL SPILLS AND OFFSHORE DRILLING (letter to the editor)
Stewart, R. J., and J. W. Devanney, III. 1978.
Science 199(4325):125-128.
OCS, Offshore drilling, Tankers, Environmental effects, Economic
effects, Atlantic Ocean
The authors cite factual errors, incomplete arguments, and misuse
of oil spill statistics in "Drilling, tankers, and oil spills
on the Atlantic outer continental shelf" [Travers, W. B., and
P. R. Luney. 1976. Science 194(4267):791-796]. Both the
letter and the article it responds to conclude with a pro position
on Atlantic OCS development based on environmental and economic
trade-offs.
C-0635-78
OIL SPILLS AND OFFSHORE DRILLING (letter to the editor)
Travers, W. B., and P. R. Luney. 1978.
Science 199(4325):130-132.
OCS, Offshore drilling, Safety, Environmental effects, Economic
effects, Atlantic Ocean
112
-------
The authors responded to comments on their article "Drilling,
tankers, and oil spills on the Atlantic outer continental shelf"
(Travers and Luney, 1976. Science 194 (4267):791-796). They re-
affirmed the thesis that geologic conditions for oil well drilling
are relatively safe. Also discussed were the mission of specific
environmental considerations and the potential economic benefits
of the OCS program.
C-0636-78
ATLANTIC OFFSHORE USERS WORKSHOP
University of Delaware. 1977.
Newark, Delaware, University of Delaware, Sea Grant College
Program, 1977. Report DEL-SG-11-77, NOAA-77081103. 293p.
Held at Clayton Conference Center, University of Delaware,
Newark, on May 19-21, 1977.
OCS, Atlantic Ocean, Offshore drilling, Design-engineering,
Pollution prevention, Resource management, *Workshop
The purpose of this workshop was to focus on the Atlantic Ocean's
future. The objective was to identify the most important
oceanographic and offshore engineering problems which, if solved,
could improve resource management practices and commercial use.
Priority actions necessary for protecting the nearshore Atlantic
without disregarding its assets were also determined.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(23):#PB-271 678/5GA.
1977]
C-0637-78
OIL EXPLORATION IN THE CELTIC SEA: A REVIEW OF THE POLLUTION RISK
Wardley-Smith, J. 1977.
Oceanic Management - Conflicting Uses of the Celtic Sea and
Other Western U.K. Waters. M. M. Sibthorp, and M. Unwin (eds.).
London, Europa Publications, 1977. p. 45-56. Report of a
Conference held at University College of Swansea, 19-22 September
1975.
Offshore drilling, Tankers, Ports, Oil terminals, Sources,
Biological effects, UK, North Sea, *Celtic Sea
Oil pollution risks from tankers, offshore oil wells, undersea
pipelines, undersea storage facilities, and oil terminals are
reviewed, with reference to experience in the North Sea. The
author concludes that the vast majority of spills from these
sources are of a "minor nature", and that "the main sufferers
from oil spills are seabirds, and these only at certain times
of the year when they congregate. Man is the other animal at
risk, and in his case not to his health but to a loss of amenity
and perhaps profit by the pollution of pleasure beaches, small
boats, etc."
113
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C-0638-78
PETROLEUM TAINTING IN FISH
Howgate, P., P. R. Mackie, K. J.^Whittle, J. Farmer, et a]_. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:143-146. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Fish, Hydrocarbons, Contamination, Benthos, Sediments, *Petroleum
taints
'"Petroleum1 taints in fish flesh do not necessarily arise by
petroleum contamination. Such taints are well known in certain
fisheries and have been traced to natural dietary components.
Tainting of the flesh which is due to petroleum contamination,
however, is usually accompanied by the presence in the flesh of
hydrocarbons derived from the contaminating source, but these
hydrocarbons are not necessarily responsible for the taint.
Experimental tainting studies on benthic organisms by using
sediment contaminated with a North Sea crude oil are described."
C-0639-78
EFFECT OF SURFACE FILMS ON GAS EXCHANGE ACROSS THE AIR-SEA
INTERFACE
Liss, P. S. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:120-124. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Oil slicks, Chemical effects, Physical effects, Sea surface,
*Surface films, *Gas exchange
Possible effects of surface films in modifying gas exchange
across the air-sea interface are investigated. The exchange
should be greater for gases whose transfer is controlled by
processes in the gas phase (HpO, S02> N02)» than for those
whose exchange is under liquid phase control (N2» 02, C02,
and the inert gases). Significant retardation of gas transfer
occurs only under conditions of close packed film material.
114
-------
E. FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
1. BIODEGRADATION
C-0640-78
NUMERICAL TAXONOMY AND ECOLOGY OF PETROLEUM-DEGRADING BACTERIA
Austin, B., 0. J. Calomiris, J. D. Walker, and R. R. Colwell.
1977.
Environmental Microbiology 34(l):60-68.
Biodegradation, Chemical analysis, Bacteria, Statistical analysis,
*Taxonomy, *Ecology, Chesapeake Bay
A total of 99 strains of petroleum-degrading bacteria isolated
from Chesapeake Bay water and sediment samples were identified
using numerical taxonomy procedures. The isolates, and 33
reference cultures, were examined for 48 biochemical, cultural,
morphological and physiological characters and the resultant
data were analyzed by computer. Petroleum degradation is
apparently accomplished by a diverse range of bacterial taxa,
some of which were present only at specific stations or from
sediment samples at specific stations.
C-0641-78
MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE ATLANTIC CONTINENTAL SHELF
Colwell, R. R., J. D. Walker, G. S. Sayler, and B. F. Conrad.
1976.
Symposium on the Middle Atlantic Continental Shelf and the New York
Bight, New York, NY, 1975. M. G. Gross (ed.). Lawrence, Kansas,
American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc., 1976.
Vol. 2. p. 281-301. Special Symposium of the American Society
of Limnology and Oceanography.
Biodegradation, Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, Microorganisms, Bacteria,
Atlantic Ocean, Sediments, Seawater
The microbial degradation of petroleum and other organic substances
was investigated under field and laboratory conditions, and the
results are presented. Bacteria were more abundant on mixed
hydrocarbon substrates than on a representative crude oil. Deep
ocean sediment bacteria were better able to degrade crude -jil
than microorganisms from surficial waters. Presence of oil-
degrading microbial types are potential indices of oil contamination,
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q11880.
1977]
115
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C-0642-78
COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR EVALUATING THE BIODEGRADATION OF
HYDROCARBONS IN VITRO [English summary]
Fusey, P., and J. Oudot. 1976.
Material und Organismen 11(4):24-251.
Biodegradation, Chemical analysis, Crude oil, Microorganisms,
Analytical techniques, Comparisons
Several parameters affecting the in vitro biodegradation of
hydrocarbons by soil microorganisms were studied. Crude oil
vs. topped crude oil; the influence of static aeration: cotton-
stoppered vs. hermetically sealed flasks; and the influence of
gravimetry vs. IR spectrophotometry were compared. Cotton
stoppered flasks and topped crude oil were preferred. Gravimetry
was useful for >100 mg samples of oil, and IR spectrophotometry
was more rapid but led to overestimation of biodegradation.
[from Biological Abstracts 64(11):#62271. 1977]
C-0643-78
RATE MEASUREMENTS AND RATE-LIMITING FACTORS IN OIL BIODEGRADATION
IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Gibbs, C. F. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:129-138. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Biodegradation, Uptake, Fate, *Degradative capacity
The interpretation and relevance of different measurements of
oil biodegradation are discussed, e_.£. oxygen uptake, recovery
of oil, etc., in light of the various factors which may
drastically affect the rate of degradation. "The concepts of
degradative capacity of a given body of water viz, the degradation
rate of a small amount of oil in unlimited water are considered."
C-0644-78
EFFECTS OF LEAD ON BIODEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN SOIL
Jensen, V. 1977.
Oikos 28(2-3):220-224.
Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Soil, Bacteria, Fungi, *Lead
Addition of lead was found to result in a general reduction of
bacterial populations and a proliferation of several fungal species.
Simple alkanes were readily utilized in the presence of high lead
concentrations, but biodegradation of complex mixtures of hydrocarbons
was significantly retarded by presence of lead.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(13):#101227f. 1977]
116
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C-0645-78
THE FATE AND EFFECT OF PETROLEUM IN CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEM ENCLOSURES
Lee, R. F., and M. Takahashi. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:150-156. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Biodegradation, Fuel oil, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton, Distribution,
Ecosystems
Water extracts of No. 2 fuel oil were added to controlled ecosystem
pollution experiments (CEPEX) enclosures. At lower concentrations,
no major effects on phytoplankton or zooplankton were observed.
Higher concentrations of fuel oil, (40 yg/L nonvolatile petroleum)
caused a major change in the structure of the ecosystem of the
enclosure as reflected in the type of primary and secondary
producers.
C-0646-78
THE BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN SEAWATER FOR NAVAL POLLUTION CONTROL
O'Neill, T. B. 1977.
Report AD-A042 375. 12p. Final report for 1974-1976.
Biodegradation, Crude oil, Fuels, Seawater, Microorganisms,
Pollution control
"The report describes the isolation and utilization of pure and
mixed microbial cultures for experiments on the biodegradation
of crude oil, Bunker C fuel, and marine diesel. Many microbial
species were found that had hydrocarbonoclastic activity. When
pure cultures were combined in mixtures the activity was much
greater, 91% oxidation in seven days, than the activity of any
one of the component species when used in a pure culture."
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(21):#AD-A042 375/6GA.
1977]
C-0647-78
DEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBONS AND MIXED HYDROCARBON SUBSTRATE BY
MICROORGANISMS FROM CHESAPEAKE BAY
Walker, J. D., and R. R. Colwell. 1975.
Progress in Water Technology 7(3/4):783-791.
Biodegradation, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Microorganisms, Bacteria,
Sediments, Chesapeake Bay
Microorganisms isolated from Colgate Creek in Baltimore Harbor
of Chesapeake Bay were capable of degrading paraffinic, mono-,
and dicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of the type occurring in
sediment from that area. Higher numbers of petroleum-degrading
bacteria were found in Poole's Island samples; these bacteria
may be responsible for the oil content reduction.
117
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2. PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL CHANGES
C-0648-78
TRANSFER OF PETROLEUM RESIDUES FROM SEA TO AIR: EVAPORATIVE
WEATHERING
Butler, J. N. 1976.
Marine Pollutant Transfer. H. L. Windom, and R. A. Duce (eds.).
Lexington, Massachusetts, Lexington Books, D. C. Heath and
Company, 1976. p. 201-212.
Hydrocarbons, Tar, Evaporation, Models, Sea surface, Weathering
A simple semiquantitative model of evaporative weathering is
developed which predicts the transport of petroleum components
from the sea surface to the atmosphere. The rate of transfer
is estimated by equations, and critical factors are discussed.
The author proposes that although there is little data available
on the residence time of pelagic tar, it appears that evaporation
is probably the most important weathering process for at least
several months of the life of the petroleum residue on the sea
surface.
C-0649-78
STUDIES ON THE CHANGE OF SPILLED OIL WITH THE TIME ELAPSED.
IV. WEATHERING TEST OF C FUEL OIL [in Japanese]
Higashi, K., S. Honda, T. Saito and K. Kazuyoshi. 1977.
Osaka Kogyo Gijutsu Shikensho Kiho 28(l):63-69.
Weathering, Fuel oil, Emulsions, Seawater, Chemical analysis
An experiment is described wherein fuel oil was agitated with
synthetic seawater to form a water-in-oil emulsion. The viscosity,
specific gravity, color, odor, UV absorbance, water content,
etc., were checked over a period of several days. The findings
are presented.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#186765c. 1977]
C-0650-78
PILOT PLANT INVESTIGATION OF THE EVOLUTION OF VARIOUS POLLUTANTS
DURING ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE OF AN AQUIFER BY A BASIN
Rizet, M., J. Mallevialle, and J.-C. Cournarie. 1977.
Progress in Water Technology 9(1):203-215.
Physical effects, Movement, Hydrocarbons, Wastewaters, Groundwater,
Freshwater, *Aquifer
An artificial recharge pilot plant was used to investigate the
evolution of various contaminants in the charging basin and successive
soil zones. Introduced pollutants included 2.5 mg/L of phenol,
12.5 mg/L of a soluble oil (mixture of hydrocarbons and surfactants),
and 300 mg/L of a refinery effluent. A penetration delay of 24
hrs was observed for the refinery effluent; while the phenol and
hydrocarbon solutions penetrated the surface layers of the terrane
during the first hours, and were stopped by adaptation of the biotope.
Hydrocarbons created the only significant biotic modifications by
formation of a surface film.
118
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C-0651-78
CHANGES IN THE NATURE OF CRUDE OILS AND HEAVY FUEL OILS EXPOSED
ON THE SEA SURFACE [in Japanese]
Utashiro, S. 1975.
Kaijo Hoan Daigakko Kenkyu Hokoku, Dai-2-Bu No. 21:13-29.
Crude oil, Fuel oil, Fate, Sea surface, Chromatography,
Spectroscopy, *Refractive index
Crude oils and heavy fuel oils exposed on the sea are studied
by refractive index measurement, gas chromatography, and IR
spectroscopy. The various study methods are explained and discussed
in a comparative manner.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#186772c. 1977]
C-0652-78
CHANGES IN THE NATURE OF CRUDE OILS AND HEAVY FUEL OILS EXPOSED
ON THE SEA SURFACE (2nd Report) [in Japanese]
Utashiro, S. 1976.
Kaijo Hoan Daigakko Kenkyu Hokoku, Dai-2-Bu No. 22:1-30
Crude oil, Fuel oil, Fate, Sea surface, Chemical analysis,
Analytical techniques
Two heavy fuel oils and 4 crude oils were examined using gas
chromatography> Sulfur compound analysis, IR spectroscopy,
and refractive index measurement methods. These techniques
are discussed and compared.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#186773d. 1977]
3. GENERAL FATE OF OIL
C-0653-78
USGS STUDY PREDICTS EFFECTS OF NORTH ATLANTIC SPILLS
Anon. 1976.
Petroleum Engineer 48(December):10,14.
Statistical analysis, Oil spills, Beaches, Georges Bank, Atlantic
Coast, USGS
In a USGS study released in October 1976, new statistical
approaches and computer simulations were used to estimate the
oil spill risks associated with offshore drilling on the Georges
Bank. The analysis, designed to provide the most pessimistic
but statistically valid forecasts of oil spill risks indicates that
the probability of a major oil spill washing ashore on Atlantic beaches
is over 90% over a 20-year period, and that over that time up to
1130 kg/km (4000 Ibs/mile) of petroleum residues would come ashore.
Nantucket Island, parts of Cape Cod, and southern Nova Scotia would be
hardest hit.
119
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C-0654-78
TREATMENT AND NATURAL FATE OF OIL SPILLAGES
Beastall, S. 1977.
Treatment of Industrial Effluents. A. G. Callely, C. F. Forster,
and D. A. Stafford (eds.). 1977. London, Hodder and Stoughton
Ltd., 1977. p. 328-335.
Sources, Contamination, Fate, Biodegradation, Spill cleanup,
Sinking agents, Dispersants
The major sources of marine oil pollution, the basic composition
of oil, and the general fate and biodegradation of oil spills
at sea are summarized. The treatment of oil spills is reviewed
and it is concluded that sinking and dispersing of oil are the
only two successful methods of dealing with spilled oil in the
open sea. However, the sinking of oil may present long-term
repollution problems, as sunken oil is slowly released to the
benthic environment.
C-0655-78
THE NATURAL AND CHEMICAL DISPERSION OF OIL IN THE SEA
Cormack, D., and^J. A. Nichols. J977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:97-100. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Oil slicks, Dispersions, Fate, Dispersants, UK
"Experiments on the fate of oil slicks at sea suggest that
natural physical dispersion of the oil into the upper layers
may account for the removal of up to 40% of the oil from the
surface in the first 8 hours without the development of high con-
centrations in the water." Wind and wave conditions, hydrocarbon
concentrations at various depths beneath oil slicks, and the role
of chemical dispersants in treating oil slicks are discussed.
C-Q656-78
FATE OF HYDROCARBONS IN SOILS [in French]
Desgranges, P., T. Gugalski, C. Vilbert, et al. 1976.
Reunion Annuelle des Sciences de la Terre, Paris, 1976. Programme
resumes, No. 4 p. 136. Abstract
Hydrocarbons, Soil, Fate, Biodegradation
Summary not available.
[from Bibliography and Index of Geology 41(4):#12365. 1977]
120
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C-0657-78
THE'INTERACTION OF CRUDE OIL WITH ARCTIC SEA ICE
Dickins, D., J. Overall, and R. Brown. 1975.
Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, NORCOR Research and Engineering
Ltd., 1975. Technical report, DSS Contract OSV4-0043.
Behavior, Crude oil, Ice, Arctic, *0il-ice interactions
Summary not available.
[from AIDJEX Bulletin No. 33:49. 1976]
C-0658-78
PHOTODEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBON SURFACE FILMS
Hansen, H. P. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:101-106. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Fate, Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, Weathering,
*Photodegradati on
Photodegradation experiments were conducted on crude oil surface
films. Compositional changes were studied; isolated degradation
products were predominantly aromatic and aliphatic acids. A possible
reaction scheme was then developed to suggest effects upon the
marine environment.
C-0659-78
ALTERATIONS IN PETROLEUM RESULTING FROM PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND
MICROBIOLOGICAL FACTORS
Karrick, N. L. 1977.
Effects of Petroleum on Arctic and Subarctic Marine Environments
and Organisms. Vol. I. Nature and Fate of Petroleum. D. C.
Mai ins (ed.). New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1977. p. 225-299.
Physical effects, Chemical effects, Biodegradation, Fate, Crude
oil, Microorganisms, Arctic
Physical, chemical and microbiological processes that result in the
alteration of oil contaminants in the marine environment are
reviewed. The interdependency of these processes is stressed,
as is the nearly infinite number of variables that influence the
rate, nature and extent of such reactions. Microbiological processes
and microbial activity as related to hydrocarbon degradation is
compared for arctic and temperate waters. A list of 220 references
is appended to this chapter (Chapter 3).
121
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C-0660-78
OIL IN THE OCEAN: CIRCUMSTANCES CONTROL ITS IMPACT
Kerr, R. A. 1977.
Science 198(4322):1134-1136.
Fate, Sources, Argo Merchant spill, Torrey Canyon, ^Florida
An overview of sources, types, and fate of oil entering the ocean
is presented. The author discusses directions of oil pollution
research and notes that large spills from tankers receive most of
the research attention, although tanker accidents are responsible
for only a few percent of the oil entering the marine environment.
A control spill study ecosystem is also discussed.
C-0661-78
FATE AND EFFECT OF NAPHTHALENES: CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEM POLLUTION
EXPERIMENT
Lee, R. F., and 0. W. Anderson. 1976.
Report NSF/IDOE-77-104-15. 9p.
Aromatic hydrocarbons, Fate, Biodegradation, Crustaceans,
Phytoplankton, Sedimentation, *Naphthalenes
A nominal naphthalene concentration of 160 ug/L was reduced by
50% one day after the addition of naphthalenes to a CEPEX enclosure.
Concentrations gradually decreased to near background levels during
the following 20 days. Most of the naphthalene decrease was due
to adsorption to sinking phytoplankton and microbial degradation.
An immediate decline in the phytoplankton populations of both
treated and control enclosures was observed, and 3.2 g of naphthalenes
were associated with sediment.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#PB-270 147/2GA.
1977]
C-0662-78
THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF TAR IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC
Levy, E. M. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:55-60. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and K. J,
Whittle (eds.).
Tar, Fate, Distribution, Sea surface, Atlantic Ocean, Sargasso
Sea, *North Atlantic
122
-------
Results from 1971-1974 in a continuing study of tar distribution
on the surface of the North Atlantic are presented. Virtually
no tar pollution was found in the waters to the north and west
of the Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Current system. Highest
concentrations were observed in the Sargasso Sea. The surface
circulation of the North Atlantic and areas of input were also
evaluated.
C-0663-78
ARCTIC OIL SPILLS
MacKay, D., and G. Green. 1975.
Chem 13 [Thirteen] News, No. 70:3-5.
Weathering, Oil spills, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Biodegradation,
Toxicity, Arctic
Oil spills are weathered, or aged, by evaporation, dissolution,
biodegradation, and emulsification. The aromatic hydrocarbons are
most toxic to fish and animals, and evaporate most rapidly.
rv-Alkanes are the most readily biodegradable.
[from Chemical Abstracts 87(24):#186767e. 1977]
C-0664-78
TRANSFER OF PARTICULATE HYDROCARBON MATERIAL FROM THE OCEAN
SURFACE TO THE WATER COLUMN
Morris, B. F., J. N. Butler, T. D. Sleeter, and J. Cadwallader.
1976.
Marine Pollutant Transfer. H. L. Windom, and R. A. Duce (eds.).
Lexington, Massachusetts, Lexington Books, D. C. Heath and Company,
1976. p. 213-234.
Tar, Fate, Decomposition, Sampling, Sargasso Sea, Source identification
The fate of pelagic tar is reviewed. Physical and chemical
characteristics of particles are discussed in detail; and source
identification, sampling, and measurement methods are evaluated.
Estimated concentrations of tar particles within the upper 100 m
of the Sargasso Sea show 0.4 mg/m^ from visual counts, and 3 mg/m^
from filter extracts. Considering the inaccuracies, a steady-
state model implies a residence time for suspended tar particles
of the order of years.
C-0665-78
OIL-IN-ICE STUDIES
Rosenegger, L. W. 1975.
Calgary, Alberta, Imperial Oil Co. Ltd., Resource Production and
Technical Services Laboratory, 1975. Laboratory Report L-12075.
Behavior, Crude oil, Ice, Arctic, *0il-in-ice
123
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Summary not available.
[from AIDJEX Bulletin No. 33:52. 1977]
C-0666-78
ANALYZING TAR IN THE SARGASSO SEA
Wade, T. L., and J. G. Quinn. 1977.
Maritimes 21(2):l-2.
Tar, Fate, Distribution, Source identification, Weathering,
Chromatography, Sargasso Sea
Pelagic tar from the Sargasso Sea was collected and analyzed to
gather information on its source, distribution, and chemical
composition. Gas liquid chromatography analyses were made to
determine sources, ages, and weathering characteristics of the
tar. It was also found that small tar particles in the size
range of 0.3 y to 1.0 mm represent a large fraction of the
hydrocarbons in the water samples taken.
C-0667-78
MARINE POLLUTANT TRANSFER
Windom, H. L., and R. A. Duce (eds.). 1976.
Lexington, Mass., D. C. Heath and Company, 1976. 392p.
Fate, Hydrocarbons, Weathering, Physical effects, *Pollutant
transfer
The book contains 14 chapters all concerned with the transfer of
various pollutants (including petroleum hydrocarbons) across the
primary interfaces between the ocean and other environments.
Petroleum-related chapters are: Chater 8, The Flux of Light
Hydrocarbons into the Gulf of Mexico via Runoff; Chapter 9, Transfer
of Petroleum Residues from Sea to Air: Evaporative Weathering;
Chapter 10, Transfer of Particulate Hydrocarbon Material from
the Ocean Surface to the Water Column; and Chapter 11, Transfer
of Petroleum and Biogenic Hydrocarbons in the Sargassum Community.
C-0668-78
SORPTION OF BENZENE ON PARTICULATE MATTER FROM THE SEA
Z sol nay, A. 1977^.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:117-119. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and K. J.
Whittle (eds.).
Adsorption, Absorption, Behavior, Plankton, *Benzene
"The sorption of benzene on particulate material occurring
naturally in sea water before, during and after a plankton boom
was studied. Sorption was significant, ranging from 4.8 to 28.4 yg
124
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benzene sorbed per mg of participate material. The greatest
amount of sorption took place during the plankton bloom, when the
number of particles was also greatest."
4. MODELS AND PREDICTIONS
C-0669-78
THE ENVIRONMENT: THEORETICAL WORK ON OIL SLICKS (news brief)
Anon. 1978.
Chemistry in Canada 30(1):18.
Models, Fate, Spill cleanup, Oil slicks, *Theoretical predictions
Theoretical predictions are the goal of research on the spreading
behavior of oil on water. Dr. R. Cox, of McGill University,
Montreal is conducting the theoretical and experimental work.
Cox's objective is to quantitatively describe the dynamic behavior
of films. This research would be useful in the control and cleanup
of oil slicks.
C-Q670-78
THE APPLICATION OF A TWO-LAYER TIME-DEPENDENT MODEL TO POLLUTION
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL IN A SHORT STRATIFIED ESTUARY
Pitblado, R. M., and R. G. H. Prince. 1977.
Progress in Water Technology 9(1):217-231.
Models, Pollution control, Source identification, Sampling,
Estuaries
The title model is possibly relevant to oil pollution research.
Applications include: "the assessment of priorities in a pollution
abatement program for estuaries subject to major transient polluting
loads; . . . [identification of] the nature and location of sig-
nificant polluting discharges; . . . [and] the organisation of
sampling programs and the interpretation of the data."
C-0671-78
THE FLOW STRUCTURE OF AN UNDERWATER OIL BLOWOUT
Thornton, D. E. 1978.
Spill Technology Newsletter 3(l):44-57.
Blowouts, Fate, Behavior, Arctic, *Flow structure
A discussion of the likely behavior and fate of oil released from
a subsea blowout (200 m depth) is presented, using a hypothetical
scenario involving an oil flow rate of 15,000 bbl/day, and a gas
flow rate of 360,000 m3/day, under arctic ocean conditions.
125
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C-Q672-78
SEDIMENTATION OF DISPERSED OIL IN SURFACE WATERS
Thiier, M., and W. Stumm. 1977.
Progress in Water Technology 9(1):183-194.
Models, Sedimentation, Dispersions, Hydrocarbons, Freshwater,
*Coagulation
"A simple model based on surface charge densities and mass densities
of the hetero-colloids coagulating predicts the conditions under
which dispersed oil becomes agglomerated and evaluates whether
the agglomerates formed will settle or rise."
C-0673-78
EFFECTS OF HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESSES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF GROUND-
WATER POLLUTION: STUDY ON PHYSICAL MODELS IN A SATURATED POROUS
MEDIUM
Zilliox, L., and P. Muntzer. 1975.
Progress in Water Technology 7(3/4):561-568.
Models, Petroleum products, Contamination, Groundwater, *Hydrodynamics
A laboratory study of pollution of an aquifer through 1) seepage
by a soluble chemical substance (brine) and 2) contacts with an
impregnation body (petroleum product) is discussed. In the
second case, a physical model was used, several variables were
considered, and 4 tests of 3-15 wks duration were conducted. A
decrease in concentration and in the coefficient of exchange
was observed.
126
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F. OIL POLLUTION REGULATIONS
1. STATE LEGISLATION
[No entries.]
2. US LEGISLATION
C-0674-78
SENATE PASSES OIL TANKER SAFETY BILL WITH DOUBLE BOTTOM, BALLAST
REQUIREMENTS
Anon. 1977.
Environment Reporter 8(5):171-172.
Tankers, Design-engineering, Safety, US, Regulations, Legislation,
Segregated ballast
Passage of Senate Bill S682, which requires minimal construction
and operating standards for all tankers entering US ports is
detailed. By 1979, all tankers over 20,000 dwt will have to be
equipped with dual radar systems, plus collision avoidance
systems and navigation aids. By June 1983, segregated ballast
systems, a gas inerting system, and position-fixing instrumenta-
tion will be required, and for post 1980-built ships, a double
bottom will be mandatory.
C-0675-78
US SENATE APPROVES OIL SPILL FUND (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Water & Pollution Control 115(12):4.
Legislation, US, Liability, Compensation, Oil industry, Tankers,
Oil terminals, *0il spill fund
The US Senate Commerce Committee has approved legislation which
establishes strict liabilities for oil spills and creates a fund
to pay for damages and cleanup expenses which are not covered.
The legislation would also establish strict liability for owners
and operators of vessels, oil terminals, refineries and other
oil-related facilities that are potential polluters.
127
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3. INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION
C-0676-78
THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICS OF MARINE POLLUTION CONTROL (book review)
Miles, E. 1975.
American Fisheries Society. Transactions 104(2):416-417.
Pollution control, Contaminants, Legislation, International
agreements, Book review
The title book [Shinn, R. A. New York, Praeger Publishers, Inc.,
1974. xvii & 200p.] is critically reviewed. It is suggested
that much recent literature was overlooked, dating the material
significantly. The book includes a summary of types, sources,
quantities, and effects of marine pollutants; a brief review of
international law and organizations concerned with marine
pollution; discussion of specific conferences; and the author's
own recommendations.
C-0677-78
RESULTS OF THE THIRD LAW OF THE SEA CONFERENCE 1974 TO 1976:
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
[US Department of State]. 1977.
Report to the Congress, ID-77-37, June 3, 1977. 44p.
Legislation, Offshore development, Environmental protection,
*Treaty, *Law of Sea Conference
"The purpose of the Conference is to reach agreement on a com-
prehensive treaty covering all the uses of the oceans." Issues
include coastal states' rights to the mineral resources of the
continental shelf, exploitation of deep seabed minerals, environ-
mental protection, and a system for settling disputes arising from
the interpretation and application of the treaty.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(20):#PB-268 763/OGA.
1977]
4. FOREIGN LEGISLATION
[No entries.]
128
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5. STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
C-0678-78
DNV ISSUES GUIDELINES FOR FLOATING RECEPTION FACILITIES
Anon. 1977.
Holland Shipbuilding 26(3):76.
Guidelines, Pollution prevention, Wastewaters, Oil terminals,
Safety, *Floating reception facilities
Det Norske Veritas has issued guidelines related to the construction
and safe, pollution-free operation of floating oil reception
facilities. The guidelines call for a water discharge from such
facilities of less than 10 ppm oil.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(9):#7Q11969.
1977]
C-0679-78
GUIDELINES FOR THE DESIGN AND CONDUCT OF OCS OIL AND GAS
DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE STUDIES
U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Advisory
Committee. 1976.
OCS Environmental Studies Advisory Committee, Ad Hoc Committee
for Design of Baseline Studies, 1976. 34p.
Guidelines, Offshore development, OCS, Oil-gas leasing, Baseline
studies
Summary not available.
[from Bibliography and Index of Geology 41(6):#23271. 1977]
6. AGREEMENTS AND CONVENTIONS
C-0680-78
EKOFISK SPEEDS LIABILITY PACT (news brief)
Anon. 1977.
Offshore England No. 6:27.
Ekofisk blowout, Liability, Compensation, International conventions
The Ekofisk blowout incident is speeding ratification of a
much-delayed intergovernmental convention on civil liability for
oil pollution damage. Once enacted, the convention will provide
compensation to victims of pollution resulting from offshore oil
operations, and the victim can submit a claim either in the
courts of the country where the damage occurred, or the country
in which the damaging pollution originates.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(10):#7Q13394.
1977] 129
-------
C-0681-78
INTERNATIONAL SHIPOWNERS PROVIDE POLLUTION CODES
Anon. 1976.
Transport Development News 1976:18
Pollution prevention, International conventions, Tankers
The International Chamber of Shipping, comprised of ship-owner
associations from 25 countries, is inviting oil tanker charterers
and owners worldwide to accept a voluntary code for reducing
oil pollution. The code embodies some provisions of the 1973
Marine Pollution Convention which seem immediately enforceable
without waiting for the necessary governmental action. The need
for cooperation between the tanker owner and the charterer is
recognized, but as this is a voluntary code, ample "escape
clauses" are provided for any signatory wishing to sidestep
its obligations.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:
#14 142624. 1977]
C-0682-78
GREAT LAKES WATER QUALITY AGREEMENT
Bruce, J. P., and P. M. Higgins. 1977.
Progress in Water Technology 9(l)il3-31.
International agreements, Great Lakes, Water quality, US,
Canada, Pollution control
"The 1972 Agreement between the United States of America and Canada
on Great Lakes Water Quality provides the means to achieve improved
water quality in the Great Lakes System through the adoption of
common objectives, the development and implementation of
cooperative programs and other measures, and the assignment of
special responsibilities and functions to the International Joint
Commission." Pollution control achievements are reviewed including
a brief summary of shipping and oil pollution prevention.
C-0683-78
WHY DO MARINE POLLUTION CONVENTIONS TAKE SO LONG TO ENTER INTO
FORCE?
Churchill, R. 1976.
Maritime Policy and Management 4(l):41-49.
International conventions, Pollution control, *Ratification
A general framework of inquiry for use in ascertaining the speed
and degree of ratification of any particular convention is presented.
Included are tables of pollution control conventions (multilateral
and regional), and a table listing the countries that have
ratified various conventions.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:#14
141604. 1977]
130
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C-0684-78
OIL SPILLS: A COMMENT
Hetherington, A. S. M. 1978.
Marine Technology Society Journal ll(4/5):37.
Tankers, Liability, International agreements, Compensation,
Argo Merchant spill
The author comments on compensation measures omitted in "Oil
spills: issues and actions" [Leitzell, T. L. 1977. Marine
Technology Society Journal 11(1):26-29]. Most tanker owners
subscribe to Tanker Owners Voluntary Agreement concerning
Liability for Oil Pollution (TOVALOP), created to provide
compensation to Governments. TOVALOP is relevant currently in
the US as a potential source of damage compensation from the
Arqo Merchant incident.
131
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G. BIBLIOGRAPHIES
C-0685-78
ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT (CITATIONS FROM THE NTIS DATA BASE)
Brown, R. J. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0812. 341p. Report for 1964-Aug. 1977.
(Supersedes NTIS/PS-75/589, NTIS/PS-74/097.)
Bibliographies, Activated sludge, Wastewater treatment, Industries,
Pollution control, Cost analysis
This updated bibliography contains 336 abstracts, 36 of which
are new entries, concerning activated sludge treatment of
municipal, industrial, and agricultural wastes. Reports dealing
solely with sludge disposal are excluded.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(23):#NTIS/PS-77/
0812/6GA. 1977]
C-0686-78
ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT. VOLUME 2. JANUARY 1976 - SEPTEMBER
1977 (CITATIONS FROM THE ENGINEERING INDEX DATA BASE)
Brown, R. J. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0813. 229p. (Supersedes NTIS/PS-76/0758.)
Bibliographies, Activated sludge, Wastewater treatment, Industries,
Pollution control, Cost analysis
This updated bibliography contains 222 abstracts, 129 of which
are new entries, concerning activated sludge treatment of
municipal, industrial, and agricultural wastes. Topics covered
include best technology, biochemical processes, conversion,
design, deterioration, microbiology, utilization, and inactivation
of viruses.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(23):#NTIS/PS-77/0813/
4GA. 1977]
C-0687-78
OZONIZATION USED IN WATER AND SEWAGE TREATMENT (CITATIONS FROM
THE ENGINEERING INDEX DATA BASE)
Cavagnaro, D. M. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0749. 186p. Report for 1970 - Aug. 1977.
(Supersedes NTIS/PS-76/0656.)
Bibliographies, Wastewater treatment, Industries, Pollution
control, Design-engineering, *0zone
This updated bibliography contains 179 abstracts, 34 of which are
new entries, covering worldwide research reports on the use of
ozone in treatment of industrial wastewater, sewage, and drinking
water. System design, operation, costs, and comparisons to other
methods are covered.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#NTIS/PS-77/
0749/OGA. 1977] 132
-------
C-0688-78
OZONIZATION USED IN WATER AND SEWAGE TREATMENT (CITATIONS FROM
THE NTIS DATA BASE)
Cavagnaro, D. M. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0748. 77p. Report for 1970 - Aug. 1977.
(Supersedes NTIS/PS-76/0655.)
Bibliographies, Wastewater treatment, Industries, Pollution control,
Equipment, *0zone
This updated bibliography contains 72 abstracts, 24 of which are
new entries, which cite Federally-funded research on the use of
ozone in treatment of industrial wastewater, sewage, and drinking
water. Treatment, tests, equipment performance, and the
effectiveness of ozone in water pollution control are discussed.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#NTIS/PS-77/
0748/2GA. 1977]
C-0689-78
WASTE TREATMENT BY REVERSE OSMOSIS AND MEMBRANE PROCESSES
(CITATIONS FROM THE NTIS DATA BASE)
Cavagnaro, D. M. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0740. 185p. Report for 1964 - Aug. 1977.
(Supersedes NTIS/PS-76/0652, NTIS/PS-75/574, and NTIS/PS-75/
017.)
Bibliographies, Wastewater treatment, Industries, Ultrafiltration,
Pollution control, Design-engineering, *Membranes
This updated bibliography contains 180 abstracts, 35 of which
are new entries, of Federally-funded research on the treatment
of sewage and industrial wastes by reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration,
electrodialysis, and other osmotic processes.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#NTIS/PS-77/
0740/9GA. 1977]
C-0690-78
WASTE TREATMENT BY REVERSE OSMOSIS AND MEMBRANE PROCESSES.
PART 2. INDUSTRIAL. VOLUME 1. 1970-1975 (CITATIONS FROM THE
ENGINEERING INDEX DATA BASE)
Cavagnaro, D. M. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0742. 213p. Report for 1970-1975.
Bibliographies, Wastewater treatment, Industries, Ultrafiltration,
Pollution control, Design-engineering, *Membranes
This updated bibliography contains 206 abstracts, none of which
are new entries to the previous edition, covering worldwide
research on the use of membranes in industrial wastewater treatment.
Reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, electrodialysis, ultrathin, and
other osmotic processes are reviewed.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#NTIS/PS-77/
0742/5GA. 1977]
133
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C-0691-78
WASTE TREATMENT BY REVERSE OSMOSIS AND MEMBRANE PROCESSES.
PART 2. INDUSTRIAL. VOLUME 2. 1976 - AUGUST 1977 (CITATIONS
FROM THE ENGINEERING INDEX DATA BASE)
Cavagnaro, D. M. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0743. 90p. Report for 1976 - Aug. 1977.
(Supersedes NTIS/PS-76/0654.)
Bibliographies, Wastewater treatment, Industries, Ultrafiltration,
Pollution control, Design-engineering, *Membranes
This updated bibliography contains 83 abstracts, 50 of which are
new entries, concerning worldwide research on the use of membranes
in industrial wastewater treatment. Reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration,
electrodialysis, ultrathin, and other osmotic processes are
covered.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#NTIS/PS-77/
0743/3GA. 1977]
C-0692-78
WASTEWATER EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND PERFORMANCE STANDARDS USING
BEST TECHNOLOGY (A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS)
Cavagnaro, D. M. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0774. 152p. Report for 1964 - Sep 1977.
(Supersedes NTIS/PS-76/0633.)
Bibliographies, Wastewater treatment, Guidelines, Standards,
Pollution control, Economic effects, Environmental effects
Presented are 147 abstracts, 16 of which are new entries,
describing the title issues necessary for implementation of the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
Economic and environmental impacts are included in the studies
abstracted. "Effluent limitations guidelines are set forth for
the degree of effluent reduction attainable through the application
of the 'Best Technology Economically Achievable', which must be
achieved by existing point sources by July 1, 1977 and July 1,
1983 respectively."
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(22):#NTIS/PS-77/0774/
8GA. 1977]
C-0693-78
WATER POLLUTION ECONOMICS. VOLUME 2. 1975 - SEPTEMBER, 1977
(A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS)
Cavagnaro, D. M. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0784. 188p. Report for 1964 - Sep 1977.
(Supersedes NTIS/PS-76/0666, NTIS/PS-75/537, and NTIS/PS-74/094.)
Bibliographies, Economics, Pollution control, Cost analysis,
Industries, Wastewater treatment
This updated bibliography contains 183 abstracts, 97 of which are
new entries, covering all aspects of the economics of water
134
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pollution control and management (excluding sewage treatment)
concerning industrial cleanup, government planning, resource
management, and urban planning. The economic impacts of
pollution and its control are also reviewed.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(23):#NTIS/PS-77/
0784/7GA. 1977]
C-0694-78
OIL SPILL REMOVAL TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT (A BIBLIOGRAPHY
WITH ABSTRACTS)
Smith, M. F. 1977.
Report NTIS/PS-77/0750, 279p. Report for 1965 - Sep 1977.
(Supersedes NTIS/PS-76/0637, NTIS/PS-75/542, and COM-74-10951.)
Bibliographies, Spill cleanup, Equipment, Oil-water separation,
Spreading, Dispersants
This updated bibliography contains 274 abstracts, 27 of which are
new entries, covering oil-water separators, skimmers, dispersants,
adsorbents, flotation, and combustion. Related studies on oil
spreading, droplet entrainment, prototype removal systems,
equipment, and costs are also included. Oil-water separators
specifically for tanker ballast water cleaning are excluded.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(23) :#NTIS/PS-77/
0750/8GA. 1977]
135
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H. MISCELLANEOUS
C-0695-78
EPA KEEPS TANK CLEAR
Anon. 1977.
Water & Wastes Engineering 14(5):74-75.
Equipment, EPA, *OHMSETT facility
In order to keep the huge EPA Oil and Hazardous Materials
Simulated Environmental Test Tank (OHMSETT) clear for testing
oil-spill cleanup devices, the facility has installed a sodium
hypochlorite generating system. Technical specifications of
the system are briefly reviewed.
C-0696-78
BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS AND PETROLEUM FRACTIONS
Bocard, C., C. Gatellier, N. Petroff, P. Renault, and J. C.
Roussel. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:91-93. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. 0. Whittle (eds.).
Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, *Biogenic vs. petroleum
"Knowledge of the differences between biogenic hydrocarbons and
those from petroleum is reviewed, and the problems of making
this differentiation are discussed. The value of 14c techniques
in some cases is considered."
C-0697-78
BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF WATER AND EFFLUENT QUALITY
Cairns, J., Jr., K. L. Dickson, and G. F. Westlake. 1975.
Philadelphia, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1976.
246p. Symposium, Blacksburg, VA., November 2-4, 1975. ASTM
Special Technical Publication, No. 607.
Monitoring, Water quality, *Bio-indicator
"Discussions focus on industrial biological monitoring, research
related to evaluation of complex wastes, automated monitoring
systems and methods for hypothesis testing and analysis with
biological monitoring data." Some of the biological indicators
mentioned are trout, fingernail clam (Musculium transversum),
and diatoms.
[from Biological Abstracts 64(8):#44691. 1977]
136
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C-0698-78
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC CARCINOGENS
Dipple, A. 1976.
ACS Monograph 173 (Chemical Carcinogenesis) -.245-314.
Carcinogens, PAH, Chemical analysis
"A review with 277 references."
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(7):#38113c. 1977]
C-0699-78
STUDIES ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF PHENOL DEGRADATION BY
BACTERIUM ALBUM
Divavin, I. A., K. K. Ermolaev, and 0. G. Mironov. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:126-128. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Chemical effects, Microorganisms, Bacteria, Metabolism, Biological
effects, *Bacterium album, *Phenol
Bacterium album are the main consumers of hydrocarbons in the
sea. These heterotrophic microorganisms were studied during
phenol degradation to determine changes in cellular proteins,
lipids, nucleotides, and nucleic acids. Observed was a decrease
in total cell protein, and some increase in total cell lipid
when the organism was growing on phenol. RNA level more than
doubled and nucleic acids and free nucleotides also increased.
C-07QO-78
TRACE SULFUR DETERMINATION IN PETROLEUM FRACTIONS
Drushel, H. V. 1978.
Analytical Chemistry 50(1):76-81.
Chemical analysis, Detection, Hydrocarbons, *Sulfur determination
A procedure for determination of sulfur below 1 ppm in light
petroleum fractions is described. Noncatalytic hydrogenolysis
of the sample at high temperature forms H2S which is monitored
by a Houston Atlas H^S Analyzer. Long term precision (2 std.
dev.) is ±12%, relative, at the 1 ppm sulfur level, and accuracy
is estimated as +10%.
137
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C-0701-78
CYANIDE REMOVAL FROM PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTEWATER USING
POWDERED ACTIVATED CARBON
Huff, J. E., and J. M. Bigger. 1977.
Report IIEQ-77-08. 109p. Final report for September 1975 -
February 1977.
Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Pollution prevention, *Cyanide
removal, *Powdered activated carbon
"This research was initiated to investigate the feasibility of
using powdered activated carbon (PAC) and cupric chloride for
removal of cyanide in refinery wastewaters."
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(23):#PB-270 862/6GA.
1977]
C-0702-78
STRENGTHENING INDUSTRY'S ROLE IN MARINE INVESTIGATIONS
Miller, G. R. 1975.
Industry Solutions '75: Air-Water-Noise-Solid Waste. Pollution
Control Conference of the Water and Wastewater Equipment
Manufacturers Association, 3rd, 1975. W. Langworthy (ed.).
Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, 1975.
p. 193-204.
Industries, Pollution control, Wastewaters, Equipment
Summary not available.
[from Bioresearch Index 12(4):#29362. 1976]
C-0703-78
ON THE ORIGIN OF HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE ORGANISMS
Murray, J., A. B. Thomson, A. Stagg, R. Hardy, et al. 1977.
Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. International Council
for the Exploration of the Sea. Vol. 171:84-90. Petroleum
Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. A. D. Mclntyre, and
K. J. Whittle (eds.).
Hydrocarbons, Algae, Zooplankton, Biomass, Food web, *Biogenic
origin
"Using radiochemical techniques a study has been made of the
aliphatic hydrocarbons of certain algae and also of a mixed
zooplankton culture which had been allowed to graze on ^C
labelled Phaeodactylum. In each case only a small number of
specific compounds in the alkane array were labelled. The much
wider range of hydrocarbons found in harvested marine mixed
plankton samples suggests that some of this hydrocarbon may be
of exogenous origin."
138
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C-0704-78
MASSIVE DEPOSITION OF MINERAL OIL AFTER PROLONGED INGESTION
Nochomovitz, L. E., et_ aJL 1975.
South African Medical Journal 49(33):2187-2190.
Health hazards, Biological effects, *Mineral oil
Summary not available.
[from Toxicity Bibliography 9(2):#3833. 1976]
C-0705-78
A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF THE REMOVAL OF POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS FROM WATER DURING CHLORINATION
Perry, R., and R. M. Harrison. 1977.
Progress in Water Technology 9(1):103-112.
Water quality, PAH, Health hazards, Extraction, Carcinogens,
*Chlorination
"A detailed study has been undertaken of the effects of chlorination
upon the removal of polunuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from
water. Attention has been given to the extraction procedure
used prior to the analysis for PAH and to the kinetics of the
chlorination process. Significant reductions of PAH have been
demonstrated through a water treatment process and these have
been investigated at the chlorination stage in relation to
temperature, contact time and pH."
C-0706-78
ECOLOGY, NATURAL RESOURCES AND POLLUTION
Santos, M. A. 1975.
New York, Living Books, 1975. 106p.
Ecosystems, Resource management, Industries
Summary not available.
[from Environmental Conservation 3(2):159. 1976]
C-0707-78
GOVERNMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES VS INDUSTRIES POLLUTION PROBLEMS
Schaffer, R. B. 1975.
Industry Solutions '75: Air-Water-Noise-Solid Waste. Pollution
Control Conference of the Water and Wastewater Equipment Manufacturers
Association, 3rd, 1975. W. Langworthy (ed.). Ann Arbor, Michigan,
Ann Arbor Science Publishers, 1975. p. 3-13.
Industries, Pollution control, Regulations, Government agencies
Summary not available.
[from Bioresearch Index 12(4) :#29354. 1976]
139
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C-0708-78
SEA ICE TOPOGRAPHY IN THE BEAUFORT SEA AND ITS EFFECT ON OIL
CONTAINMENT
Wadhams, P. 1976.
AIDJEX Bulletin No. 33. p. 1-52.
Ice, *Topography, Spill containment, Beaufort Sea
Summary not available.
[from Underwater Information Bulletin 9(2):#7704/1301. 1977]
C-0709-78
POLLUTION SUSCEPTIBILITY - AN ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETER FOR
COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
Weyl, P. K. 1976.
Coastal Zone Management Journal 2(4):327-343.
Models, Statistical analysis, Pollution prevention, Resource
management, Physical effects, Coasts, *Pollution susceptibility
Pollution susceptibility is a quantitative measure of the tidal
flushing of coastal waters that can be determined from data on
tidal height and currents. This paper may be applicable to
oil pollution research.
[from International Aerospace Abstracts 17(20):#A77-43700.
1977]
140
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SECTION II: CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
Title, contract information, and a summary of project objectives are provided
in each entry. Project notices have been obtained from: the Smithsonian
Science Information Exchange (SSIE); API Annual Report on Research Projects;
Marine Research Information Service Abstracts; Scientific and Technical Aero-
space Reports; Department of Environment, Canada, Spill Technology Newsletter;
Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center Monthly Report; and written inquiries
to organizations and researchers. Current status information and publications
resulting from the projects are presented when such information is available
from the principal investigators or performing organizations. The source of
status information is given at the end of each entry.
Entries are grouped according to subject and then ordered sequentially with
a citation number R- -78. Some of the projects listed in previous Oil
Pollution Reports have been recently renewed. These projects have been
relisted with a current serial number, followed by the original number in
parentheses. To locate the original entry, refer to the following list:
Citation Numbers Dates Covered Report Number
R-001-74 to R-165-74 July 74 - Oct. 74 EPA-670/2-75-003
R-166-74 to R-244-74 Nov. 74 - Feb. 75 EPA-670/2-75-044
R-245-74 to R-268-74 Feb. 75 - Apr. 75 EPA-670/2-75-059
R-269-74 to R-342-74 May 75 - July 75 EPA-600/2-76-129
R-269-75 to R-304-75 Aug. 75 - Oct. 75 EPA-600/2-76-113
R-001-76 to R-035-76 Nov. 75 - Jan. 76 EPA-600/2-76-185
R-036-76 to R-063-76 Feb. 76 - Apr. 76 EPA-600/2-76-215
R-064-76 to R-123-76 May 76 - July 76 EPA-600/2-76-266
R-124-76 to R-175-76 Aug. 76 - Oct. 76 EPA-600/2-77-037
R-001-77 to R-022-77 Nov. 76 - Jan. 77 EPA-600/2-77-075
R-023-77 to R-039-77 Feb. 66 - Apr. 77 EPA-600/2-77-111
R-040-77 to R-075-77 May 77 - July 77 EPA-600/2-77-243
R-076-77 to R-096-77 Aug. 77 - Oct. 77 EPA-600/2-78-005
R-001-78 to R-020-78 Nov. 77 - Jan. 78 Submitted to EPA 2/78
141
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A. OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
1. MONITORING
R-021-78
METHODS MANUAL FOR OIL SPILL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
Principal Investigator: Gruenfeld, M.
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
5555 Ridge Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45268
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. No. B623C-275
10/76 - 9/77
$18,000 FY 77
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
Monitoring Manuals, Analytical techniques, Source identification,
Oil spills, EPA
"The objective of this project is to develop a comprehensive manual
of proven analytical methods for the quantisation, characterization,
and source identification of petroleum oils that are spilled into
the environment."
[SSIE No. ZMA-1355]
R-022-78
FIXED STATION BROAD BASED
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
SPILL ALARM SYSTEM
Tuffly, B. L.
Rockwell, International Corp.,
8900 DeSoto Ave., Canoga Park, CA 91304
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268.
Contract 68-03-2080; No. B610A-203
10/76 - 9/77
$10,000 FY 77
Monitoring, Detection, Oil spills, US, *Alarm system
An in-stream system is being developed and evaluated to continuously
detect the various hazardous materials spilled into US waterways.
The system is composed of a number of individual off-the-shelf
probes and sensors, each capable of detecting one or more classes
of hazardous material. Organic compounds will be detected by a
total organic carbon analyzer. A prototype warning system will
also be developed.
[SSIE No. GMA-3675]
142
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SAMPLING
R-023-78
PRODUCTION OF WATER QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES FOR THE QA PROGRAM
Principal Investigator: Allen, G. S.
Sanitary Engineering Labs, Inc.
2982 N. Cleveland Ave., St. Paul,
MN 55113
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Monitoring & Support Lab.,
26 W. St. Clair St., Cincinnati, OH 45268.
Contract 68-03-2553, No. A621A-35
10/76 - 9/77
$236,000 FY 77
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
Sampling, Water quality, Monitoring, Hydrocarbons , PAH, *Quality
control samples
Various types of quality control samples will be produced for the
water supply program, the NPDES permit program, and the Water
Quality programs, all for the EPA. Some samples will contain oils
and grease, and polynuclear aromatics.
[SSIE No. GMA-3809]
Status: This project is in process, with no published reports.
Information source: G. S. Allen, President, Sanitary Engineering
Laboratories, Inc., 1722 Terrace Drive,
Roseville, MN 55113.
ANALYSIS
R-024-78
METHOD OF
Principal
Performing
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
QUANTITATION FOR PETROLEUM OILS IN WATER
Investigator: Gruenfeld, M.
Organization: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
5555 Ridge Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45268
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. No. B623C-276
10/76 - 9/77
$21,000 FY 77
Chemical analysis, Dispersions, Petroleum products, Sampling,
*Quantitation
143
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A method is being developed to quantitate petroleum oils that
are dispersed in water, or that have separated from water disper-
sion following sample collection. Procedures will include solvent
extraction, adsorption, gas and liquid chromatography, and spec-
troscopy. Application to a minimum concentration of 1 yg/L (ppb)
is desired.
[SSIE No. ZMA-1336]
R-025-78
CHEMICAL STUDIES DIRECTED TOWARDS ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
OF PETROLEUM DISCHARGES INTO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Principal Investigator: Quinn, J. G.
Performing Organization: University of Rhode Island, School of
Oceanography, Administration Bldg.,
Wakefield, RI 02881
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab.,
S. Ferry Rd., Narragansett, RI 02882.
No. R805477-01, P608C-11
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $64,990 FY 77
Chemical analysis, Oil discharges, Acute effects, Chronic effects,
Sampling, Seawater, Sediments, Marine organisms, Toxicity
Analytical chemical studies will be conducted in support of ecological
damage assessment of acute and chronic discharges of petroleum into
the near-shore marine environment. The studies will include:
1) chemical analyses of petroleum compounds in selected sampling of
water, sediments, and organisms, using a variety of analytical
techniques; 2) development of new methods and modification of current
procedures in support of toxicological and field studies; 3) partici-
pation with other federal laboratories in developing and inter-
calibrating standard reference materials and methods for petroleum
analysis.
[SSIE No. GMA-4250]
R-026-78
IH_ SITU POLLUTANT MEASUREMENTS
Principal Investigator: Wogman, N. A., and H. G. Rieck
Performing Organization: Battelle Memorial Institute, PO Box 999,
Richland, WA 99352
Supporting Agency: US Energy Research & Development Administra-
tion, Division of Biomedical & Environmental
Research, 1717 H St. NW, Washington, DC
20545. Contract EY-76-C-06-1830
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
144
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Analytical techniques, Chemical analysis, Petroleum products,
Sediments, Seawater, Freshwater, *In situ analysis
Program objectives are to 1) apply some analytical techniques to
in situ mapping of marine and freshwater polluted areas; and
2j evaluate "the feasibility of promising technology for in situ
analyses." Immediate emphasis is on the analysis of sediment
surfaces. Methods are being developed for the analysis of crude
oil and petroleum products pollution resulting from coal, oil,
oil shale, and coal conversion technologies.
Status: Recent results dealt with analysis of toxic trace elements
by x-ray fluorescence techniques.
[SSIE No. ZPE-11589-1]
145
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OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
1. CLEANUP AND RECOVERY
R-027-78
MULTIAGENCY PROJECT FOR
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
OIL SPILL EQUIPMENT EVALUATION, PHASE I
Ackerman, R.
Mason & Hanger-Silas Mason Co.,
PO Box 156, Leonardo, NJ 07737
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. Contract 68-03-
0490; No. B623C-612
10/76 - 9/77
$38,000 FY 77
Skimmers, Spill recovery, EPA, *Testing, *OHMSETT
Four oil skimmers will be evaluated by performance testing at
EPA's OHMSETT. Throughput efficiency, oil recovery efficiency,
and oil recovery rate will be determined for two oil types under
various wave and current conditions.
[SSIE No. GMA-3666]
Status: The program was sponsored by the USCG, EPA, DOE, and US Navy
and evaluated the Oil Mop Zero Relative Velocity Skimmer, Cyclonet
D-050, Bennett Mark 6E, and CLOWSOR skimmers. A report and a 16 mm
movie are in preparation.
Reports and Publications
PERFORMANCE TESTS OF FOUR SELECTED OIL SKIMMERS
Graham, D., and R. Urban. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency,
1978 (in preparation).
Information Source:
R. A. Ackerman, General Manager, Mason &
Hanger-Silas Mason Co., Inc., PO Box 117,
Leonardo, NJ 07737.
R-028-78 (R-278-75)
OPERATE OHMSETT
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Ackerman, R., and E. McCracken
Mason & Hanger-Silas Mason Co.,
PO Box 156, Leonardo, NJ 07737
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. Contract 68-03-
0490; No. B623C-235
146
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Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $40,000 FY 77
Spill cleanup, Environmental effects, EPA, *Testing, *OHMSETT
The objective of this project is to provide an operations and
maintenance staff and a mechanism for operating the EPA Oil and
Hazardous Materials Simulated Environmental Test Tank (OHMSETT)
facility. Funding for this project is provided by various testing
programs executed for OHMSETT "customers," who are currently
limited to federal, state, and local government agencies.
[SSIE No. GMA-3664]
Status: A brief unpublished annual letter report is provided to
the OHMSETT EPA Project Officer for this project. Various activities
and projects are summarized, but the report is almost totally main-
tenance and modification oriented.
However, there are many publications available concerning the OHMSETT
technical capabilities, achievements, and testing projects. There-
fore a lengthy list is provided here for the convenience of Oil
Pollution Reports users.
Reports and Publications
A RIGID, PERFORATED PLATE OIL BOOM FOR HIGH CURRENTS
Ayers, R. R. 1976.
Report EPA-600/2-76-263. Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental
Protection Agency, 1976. 132 p.
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF OIL MOP ZERO RELATIVE VELOCITY OIL
SKIMMER
Breslin, M. K. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
press).
BOOM CONFIGURATION TESTS FOR CALM-WATER, MEDIUM CURRENT SPILL
DIVERSION
Breslin, M. K. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
preparation).
MSORS PERFORMANCE TESTING SUMMARY
Brunner, D. E. 1977.
Report TM-M-54-77-1. Port Hueneme, California, US Navy Civil
Engineering Laboratory, 1977. 17 p.
AN OFFSHORE MECHANIZED SORBENT OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM USING
VESSELS OF OPPORTUNITY
Brunner, D. E., J. 0. Der, and D. Hall. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference. New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 251-254.
147
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TESTS OF COAST GUARD DEVELOPED HIGH SEAS OIL RECOVERY
SYSTEMS AT EPA OHMSETT
Chang, W. J. 1975.
Report CG-D-101-75. Washington, D.C., US Coast Guard,
1975. 35 p.
AIR JET BOOM FOR CONTROL OF FLOATING SPILLS
Cohen, S. H. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency,
1978 (in preparation).
A DISTRIBUTED REUSABLE-SORBENT OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM
Dorrler, J. S., and S. H. Shaw. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference. New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 247-250.
OHMSETT ACHIEVEMENTS
Farlow, J. S. 1978.
Edison, New Jersey, US Environmental Protection Agency,
Research & Development, lERL-Ci. 13 p.
Test programs to evaluate and improve methods of spill control
and removal are sponsored by the US EPA, Coast Guard, Navy,
Army, and DOE at the OHMSETT facility. This brochure describes
the numerous programs completed through March 1978.
OHMSETT CAPABILITY
Farlow, J. S. 1978.
Edison, New Jersey, US Environmental Protection Agency,
Research & Development, lERL-Ci. 18 p.
"This summary for potential users describes the OHMSETT tech-
nical capabilities for performance evaluation of spill control
systems. Additional details are available in the OHMSETT
Standard Operating Procedures Manual."
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S TEST FACILITY
OHMSETT: THE FIRST SIX MONTHS
Farlow, J. S., and F. J. Freestone. 1975.
Proceedings of the 1975 Conference on Prevention and Control of
Oil Pollution. San Francisco, California, American Petroleum
Institute, 1975. p. 343-345.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH CURRENT OIL BOOM/SKIMMER
Folsom, B. A. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
preparation).
DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH CURRENT STREAM-LINED OIL BOOM/SKIMMER FOR
INLAND WATERWAYS
Folsom, B. A., and C. Johnson. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference, New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 323-327.
148
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PERFORMANCE TESTS OF THREE FAST CURRENT OIL RECOVERY DEVICES
Getman, J. H. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference. New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 341-346.
PERFORMANCE TESTS OF FOUR SELECTED OIL SKIMMERS
Graham, D., and R. Urban. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
preparation).
EVALUATION OF A PASSIVE MICROWAVE TECHNIQUE FOR THE MEASUREMENT
OF OIL FILM THICKNESS IN A TEST TANK ENVIRONMENT
Hollinger, J, P., and J. E. Kenney. 1976.
NRL Report 3308. Washington, D.C., US Naval Research Laboratory,
1976. 48 p.
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF THREE OFFSHORE SKIMMING DEVICES
Lichte, H. W., and M. K. Breslin. 1978.
Washington, D.C., US Department of Energy, 1978 (in press).
TESTING SKIMMERS FOR OFFSHORE SPILLED OILS
Lichte, H. W., and M. K. Breslin. 1978.
Proceedings of the 1978 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston,
Texas, 1978.
HYDRODYNAMICS OF A DIVERSIONARY BOOM
McCracken, W. E. 1978,
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
press).
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF THE TETRADYNE HIGH SPEED AIR JET SKIMMER
McCracken, W. E., and S. H. Schwartz. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
press).
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF SELECTED INLAND OIL SPILL CONTROL
EQUIPMENT
McCracken, W. E. 1977.
Report EPA-600/2-77-150. Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental
Protection Agency, 1977. 113 p.
HYDRODYNAMICS OF A DIVERSIONARY BOOM
McCracken, W. E., and F. J. Freestone. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference. New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 329-334.
COMBINED SKIMMER-BARRIER HIGH SEAS OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM
Milgram, J. H., and R. A. Griffiths. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference. New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 375-379.
USN DIP 3001 PERFORMANCE TEST PROGRAM
Nadeau, P. F. 1976.
Alexandria, Virginia, US Naval Facilities Engineering Command,
1976. 23 p. 149
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DEBRIS HANDLING SYSTEM FOR NAVY HARBOR OIL SPILL CLEANUP
OPERATIONS
Nadeau, P. F. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference. New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 271-275.
A ONE-HUNDRED-TON OIL RECOVERY VESSEL FOR BANTRY BAY
Neal, R. W., and R. A. Bianchi. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston,
Texas, 1977. p. 269-282.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SORBENT DISTRIBUTION AND RECOVERY SYSTEM
Shaw, S. H., R. P. Bishop, and R. J. Powers. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
preparation).
TECHNIQUES FOR MIXING DISPERSANT-TREATED OIL SLICKS INTO THE
WATER
Smith, 6. F., and W. E. McCracken. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference. New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 403-406.
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF SELECTED SORBENT BOOMS
Smith, G. F. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
preparation).
OHMSETT HIGH SEAS PERFORMANCE TESTING: MARCO CLASS V OIL
SKIMMER
Smith G. F., and W. E. McCracken. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
press).
TECHNIQUES FOR MIXING DISPERSANTS WITH SPILLS
Smith, G. F., and W. E. McCracken. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
preparation).
PERFORMANCE TESTS OF THREE SKIMMERS AND ONE BOOM AT OHMSETT
Widawsky, A. 1976.
Report TM-60P-76-11. Port Hueneme, California, US Navy Civil
Engineering Laboratory, 1976. 138 p.
SURFACE ENHANCEMENT—BRINGING IT ALL TOGETHER
Wilson, J. E. 1977.
Proceedings of the 1977 Oil Spill Conference. New Orleans,
Louisiana, American Petroleum Institute, 1977. p. 347-354.
Information source: R. Ackerman, Mason & Hanger-Silas Mason Co., Inc.,
PO Box 117, Leonardo, NJ 07737.
150
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R-029-78
PERFORMANCE TESTING OFFSHORE EQUIPMENT
Principal Investigator: Ackerman, R.
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
Mason & Hanger-Silas Mason Co,,
200 W. Vine St., Lexington, KY 40507
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. Contract 68-03-
0490; No. B623C-246
10/76 - 9/77
$132,000 FY 77
Skimmers, Spill cleanup, EPA, ^Testing, *OHMSETT
Performance evaluations are being prepared for two oil skimmers
(MARCO Class V and a prototype Oil Mop, Inc. ZRV) and a research
prototype sorbent system: the Mechanized Sorbent Oil Recovery
System (MSORS) developed by the Navy Civil Engineering Laboratory
(CEL). Controlled reproducible tests are being conducted at EPA's
OHMSETT facility.
[SSIE No. GMA-3665]
Reports and Publications
OHMSETT HIGH SEAS PERFORMANCE TESTING: MARCO CLASS V OIL
SKIMMER
Smith, G. F., and W. E. McCracken. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
press).
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF OIL MOP ZERO RELATIVE VELOCITY
OIL SKIMMER
Breslin, M. K. 1978.
Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 (in
press).
MSORS PERFORMANCE TESTING SUMMARY
Brunner, D. E. 1977.
Report TM-M-54-77-1. Port Hueneme, California, US Navy Civil
Engineering Laboratory, 1977. 17 p.
AN OFFSHORE MECHANIZED SORBENT OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM USING
VESSELS OF OPPORTUNITY
Brunner, D. E., J. 0. Der, and D. Hall. 1977.
1977 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,
Cleanup), New Orleans, March 8-10, 1977. p. 251-254.
(American Petroleum Institute No. 4284.)
Information source: R. A. Ackerman, General Manager, Mason & Hanger-
Silas Mason Co., Inc., PO Box 117. Leonardo,
NJ 07737.
151
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R-030-78
NEW AMINE CARBAMATE GELATION TECHNIQUES FOR USE IN OIL SPILL
RECOVERY OPERATIONS
Principal Investigator: Bannister, W. W.
Performing Organization: University of Lowell, School of Pure &
Applied Sciences, Lowell, MA 01854
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. No. R804628-01,
B623C-602
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $29,000 FY 77
Spill recovery, Oceans, Freshwater, Pollution prevention, *Amine
carbamate gelation techniques
"The main objective of this research is to develop for 'real world1
situations an amine carbamate gelation technique to facilitate the
removal of petroleum derived oil spilled on ocean or inland waters.
[SSIE No. GMA-3739]
R-031-78
PROTECTION AND RESTORATION OF SHORELINES FROM OIL SPILLS
Principal Investigator: Castle, R.
Performing Organization: U R S Research Co., 155 Bovet Rd.,
San Mateo, CA 94402
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. No. 68-03-2160,
B623C-287
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $12,000 FY 77
Manuals, Spill cleanup, Shorelines, Environmental protection,
Restoration, Equipment, *Field methods
This project will compile Manuals of Practice on spill containment,
dispersal, and removal in order to minimize damage to shorelines
from oil and hazardous substance discharges. Field relevant
methods and techniques will be evaluated and selected from the
currently practiced state-of-the-art. Appendixes will include
field procedures for using existing products, equipment, and
supplies.
[SSIE No. GMA-3686]
152
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2. OIL TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT
R-032-78
OFFSHORE PIPELINES
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization;
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Herbich, J. B.
Texas A&M University, Department of
Civil Engineering, College Station, TX 77843
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Department of Commerce, Washington,
DC 20230. No, SP-1
1/76 - 12/76
Pipelines, Offshore development, Design-engineering, Pollution
prevention
Objectives include: 1) determining the dominant parameters which
affect pipeline dynamics and stability; and 2) developing new or
improved design criteria to minimize the high failure rate of off-
shore pipelines.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:#15
141176. 1977.]
R-033-78
HYDROLOGIC PROBLEMS RELATED TO CONSTRUCTION OF THE TRANS-ALASKA
PIPELINE SYSTEM
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
Sloan, C. E.
US Department of the Interior, Geological
Survey, 1209 Orca St., Anchorage, AK 99501
US Department of the Interior, Geological
Survey, Water Resources Division, 12201
Sunrise Valley Dr., Reston, VA 22092
No. AK 76-100
7/75 - 9/76
$74,534 FY 76
Pipelines, Water quality, Monitoring, Streams, Fish, Biological
effects, Alaska, *TAPS
Hydrologic impacts of the construction and operation of the Trans-
Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) will be quantitatively determined.
Long- and short-term effects are being monitored through field data
collection and water quality analyses. Field sites include streams
affected by oil spills and a spawning stream rehabilitation area.
Water quality analysis at pipeline stream crossings did not show
any long-term adverse effects resulting from pipeline construction.
[SSIE No. ZUA-4007]
Status: This project is now complete.
resulting from the study.
There were no published reports
153
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Information Source: Charles Sloan, USGS, WRD,
218 E St., Anchorage, AK 99501
3. WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL METHODS
R-034-78
EFFECTIVENESS AND COST OF ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION OF TOXIC
COMPOUNDS FROM PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTEWATERS
Principal Investigator: Burks, S. L.
Performing Organization: Oklahoma State University, Reservoir
Research Center, Life Sciences W.,
Stillwater, OK 74074
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Lab.,
PO Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820.
No. R805307-01, L610C-20
Period: 10/77 - 9/78
Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Adsorption, Toxicity, *Activated
carbon, *Bioassay
"A study will be conducted to determine the adsorption capacity of
activated carbon for specific toxic organic compounds identified in
petroleum refinery wastewaters. ... In addition, Fathead minnow
and benthic macroinvertebrate continuous-flow bioassays of carbon
treated petroleum refinery wastewaters will be performed to determine
the capability of carbon treatment to produce a 'zero-toxic-pollutant1
discharge."
[SSIE No. GMA-3849]
Status: No reports have been published as of March 1978.
Information source: S. L. Burks, Reservoir Research Center,
Life Sciences West 427, Oklahoma State
University, Stillwater, OK 74074
R-035-78
IDENTIFY ORGANICS IN PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTEWATERS
Principal Investigator: Garrison, A. W.
Performing Organization: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Environmental Research Lab., College
Station Rd., Athens, GA 30601
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Research & Development, Environmental
Research Lab., College Station Rd., Athens,
GA 30601. No. K713B-135
154
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Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $13,000 FY 77
Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Chemical Analysis, *GC/MS
"Extracts from a typical refinery wastewater will be examined by
gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to identify the compounds
being discharged. Sampling points include the API separator
effluent, Pasveer Ditch effluent, and final lagoon effluent.
Tentative identification of classes of compounds and some specific
compounds will be available from EPA Grant R803019-01 and confir-
mations and quantitation of some of these will be attempted."
[SSIE No. ZMA-1121]
R-036-78
TRUCK WASHING TERMINAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL
Principal Investigator: O'Brien, J. E.
Performing Organization: Matlack Incorporated, 10 W. Baltimore Ave.,
Lansdowne, PA 19050
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. No. S803656-01,
B610B-049
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $15,000 FY 77
Wastewater treatment, Oil tanks, Economics, Reuse, Reclamation,
Toxicity, *Tank truck washing
"This project will demonstrate in full scale a physical/chemical/
biological treatment process for the treatment of wastewaters
generated during the internal washing of tank trucks." The economics
and effectiveness of sedimentation, air flotation, filtration,
carbon adsorption, and biological treatment will be determined.
Reuse of treated wastewater, reclamation of oily fractions as fuel,
and toxic hazards will also be studied.
[SSIE No. GMA-3745]
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
R-037-78
REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF OIL/WATER SEPARATION LITERATURE
Principal Investigator: Ahlert, R. C.
Performing Organization: Rutgers, The State University, School of
Engineering, New Brunswick, NJ 08903
155
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Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
No. R803978-01, B623C-271
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $10,000 FY 77
Oil-water separation, Design-engineering, Equipment, *Review
"The project will identify, organize and interpret technical and
commercial literature resources on oil/water separation. Detailed
information on design consideration and operating characteristics of
systems, devices and processes will be assembled."
[SSIE No. GMA-3750]
5. PERSONNEL TRAINING AND EDUCATION
R-Q38-78
TANKER ADVISORY CENTER
Principal Investigator: McKenzie, A.
Performing Organization: Tanker Advisory Center, 10 East End Ave.,
New York, NY 10021
Supporting Agency: Tanker Advisory Center
Period: 2/74 - 9/78
Personnel training, Tankers, Information systems, Statistics,
*Tanker casualties, *Computer services
The Tanker Advisory Center offers varied tanker information and
services, useful for increasing operating efficiency, improving
safety performance, and responding constructively to changing
tanker requirements. The Tanker Index consists of files of every
one of the more than 5000 seagoing tankers, ore/oil, and bulk/oil
carriers of over 6,000 dwt, and all liquid gas carriers in existence.
The files go back to January 1964 and are updated daily. Other
services include: 1) tanker reports prepared on individual tankers
or on selected fleets or types of tankers; 2) computer services:
all information in the Tanker Index is stored in the General Electric
Time-Sharing Computer; 3) in-depth studies and analyses of tanker
casualties are prepared, reflecting operational variables; 4) sale
prices and charter rates are posted; 5) the Director of the Tanker
Advisory Center, Mr. Arthur McKenzie, is available as a consultant;
and 6) tanker operation classes are offered.
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:#09
057540. 1977]
156
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Reports and Publications
WORLDWIDE TANKER CASUALTY RETURNS 1977
Tanker Advisory Center. 1978.
New York, Tanker Advisory Center, 1978.
March 31, 1978.
2 p. Newsletter,
the latest quarterly report. All casualty
from Lloyd's List, and are tabulated for
This Newsletter is
data were obtained
casualty frequency, and distribution of tanker casualties by
size, age, and flag. Oil spills increased in 1977 both in
numbers of incidents and the total quantity spilled.
TANKER ADVISORY CENTER
Tanker Advisory Center. 1978.
New York, Tanker Advisory Center, 1978, 5 p.
This latest brochure (second revision, January 1978), explains
the functions of the Center.
Information source:
Arthur McKenzie, Tanker Advisory Center,
10 East End Ave., New York, NY 10021
Inc.
6. PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES
R-039-78
PETROLEUM PIPELINE LEAK DETECTION
Principal Investigator: Burghart, G. H.
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
Science Applications, Inc., 1200 Prospect
St., La Jolla, CA 92037
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
Cincinnati, OH 45268. Contract
68-03-2532; No. B623C-298
10/76 - 9/77
$110,000 FY 77
Detection, Leakage, Pipelines, Design-engineering, Inland, Environ-
mental protection, Offshore development
Project objectives are 1) to define the state-of-the-art of pipeline
leak detection, and 2) to develop improved techniques to advance this
area of technology to minimize environmental impacts. Current con-
ditions make this research quite necessary. A large percentage of
inland oil spills are due to pipeline failures, and new OCS develop-
ment produces more oil transport through pipelines. Present leak
detection methods permit large quantities of material to flow from
the pipe prior to shutdown.
[SSIE No. GMA-3668] lf-7
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C. ASPECTS OF OIL POLLUTION
1. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
R-040-78
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF OIL ON BEHAVIOR AND CHEMICAL SENSES OF
MARINE ANIMALS
Principal Investigator: Atema, J.
Performing Organization: Boston University, School of Liberal
Arts, 755 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA
02215
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab., S. Ferry Rd.,
Narragansett, RI 02882. No. R803833-03,
P608C-6
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $57,000 FY 77
Hydrocarbons, Behavior, Marine organisms, Sublethal effects, Fuel
oil, Chronic effects, *Chemoreception
The objective of this research is to determine if and how petroleum
hydrocarbons affect chemoreception and chemically-stimulated behavior
in marine animals. Studies will concern chemoreception and behavior
of lobsters exposed to No. 2 fuel oil and different hydrocarbon
fractions; and chronic effects of oil spills on field populations
along Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. Methods include behavioral and
neurophysiological bioassays, flow-through oil dosing, and chemical
monitoring of exposure levels.
Status: It has been found that low sublethal levels of No. 2 fuel
oil (Water Accommodated Fraction) interfere with lobster feeding
behavior, and that oil acts as a chemical stimulus on distance
chemoreceptors.
[SSIE No. GMA-4253]
Reports and Publications
LOBSTER BEHAVIOR AND CHEMORECEPTION: SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF
NUMBER 2 FUEL OIL
Atema, J., E. B. Karnofsky, and S. Oleszko-Szuts. 1978.
State of Marine Environmental Research. F. Jacoff (ed.).
Govt. Printing Office. Proceedings of a Symposium (in press).
Lobsters (Homarus americanus) were exposed to the water-
accommodated fraction of #2 fuel oil in a flow-through oil
dosing system. Exposure for 5 days to 0.08 and 0.15 ppm
caused significant delays in feeding but it remains to be
proven that low level exposure effects are due to chemo-
reception interference by oil. Exposure to 1.5 ppm caused
severe neuromuscular defects within 24 hrs.
158
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THE EFFECTS OF OIL ON LOBSTERS
Atema, J. 1977.
Oceanus 20(4):67-73.
Petroleum pollution can be very toxic to the Maine lobster
Homarus amen can us. It can reduce the population as well as
contaminate those used for human consumption. Study shows
lobsters react in abnormal ways when exposed to hydrocarbons
of varying intensities. Several types of oil were used to
test reactions, which ranged from normal to spastic motor
movements to death,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM FRACTIONS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF
THE LOBSTER, HOMARUS AMERICANUS, AND THE MUD SNAIL, NASSARIUS
OBSOLETUS
Atema, J. 1976.
Estuarine Processes. M. Wiley (ed.). New York, Academic Press,
1976. Vol. 1:302-312. Proceedings of the 3rd International
Estuarine Research Conference, held in 1975.
Behavioral effects of kerosene, No. 2 fuel oil, crude oil, and
water soluble fractions of each on the title organisms were
studied. Certain hydrocarbon fractions, especially branched-
cyclic, polar aromatic and soluble hydrocarbons in specific
amounts appear to cause distinct behavioral changes.
Information source:
J. Atema, Boston University Marine Program,
Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA
02543
R-041-78
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS
BANK COMMUNITIES
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
AND OIL IN CORALS OCCUPYING HARD-
Bright, T. J.
Texas A&M University System, School of
Geosciences, College Station, TX 77843
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab, Sabine Island,
Gulf Breeze, FL 32561. No. R805441-01,
Q625F-1-5
10/76 - 9/77
$22,561 FY 77
Biological effects, Oil shale, *Drilling fluids, Corals, Behavior,
Metabolism, Mexico/Gulf of
The behavioral and physiological reactions of scleractinian corals
indigenous to hard bank communities in the Gulf of Mexico will be
determined in response to chronic low levels of drilling fluid
components and shale oil products. Time-lapse-macrophotographic
159
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and respirometn'c techniques will be used to measure the response
parameters. Exposure to contaminants will be in "flow through"
aquaria on board a platform 12 mi offshore of Panama City.
[SSIE No. GMA-4121]
Status: This project is in its first year. A report is due to
EPA on May 15, 1978.
Information source: T. J. Bright, Department of Oceanography,
College of Geosciences, Texas A&M University,
College Station, TX 77843
R-042-78
ECOSYSTEM STABILITY
Principal Investigator: Harte, J., D. Levy, A. Jassby, E. Lapan,
and J. Rees
Performing Organization: University of California, Lawrence
Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
Supporting Agency: US Energy Research & Development Adminis-
tration, Division of Biomedical & Environ-
mental Research, 1717 H St. NW, Washington,
DC 20545
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Biological effects, Ecosystems, Freshwater, Oil slicks, Micro-
organisms, Biodegradation, *Stability
This project will examine the response of laboratory freshwater
microorganisms to specific energy-related stresses and assess the
validity of various possible predictive stability indicators. The
impacts of petroleum surface films on net primary productivity,
respiration, trophic structure, and chemical composition will be
examined. Manipulations such as nutrient additions will be studied
as they affect enhancement of biodegradation. Theoretical studies
of ecosystem stability properties will also be studied.
Status: The practicality of aquatic microorganisms as a research
tool for studying ecological response to stress has been demon-
strated. Laboratory modifications have been made based on specific
similarities and differences discovered in natural systems.
[SSIE No. ZPE-12198]
R-043-78
CONSEQUENCES OF CRUDE OIL CONTAMINATION ON COLD CLIMATE SALT MARSHES
AND INSHORE ECOSYSTEMS - PHASE I - FIELD SITE RECONNAISSANCE
Principal Investigator: McRoy, C. P,
Performing Organization: University of Alaska, Institute of Marine
Science, Fairbanks, AK 99701
160
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Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
Crude oil
studies
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab., 200 S.W,
35th St., Corvallis, OR 97330.
No. R805668-01, M608C-42.
10/76 - 9/77
$34,966 FY 77
Contamination, Marshes, Ecosystems, Alaska, Baseline
Crucial field sites will be selected for research on the consequences
of crude oil contamination on salt marshes and related ecosystems in
Alaskan waters. A preliminary analysis will be conducted of the
biotic community structure, nutrient cycling, and primary productivity.
This project will form the basis for more extensive research to study
the effects of crude oil contamination on marshes.
[SSIE No. GMA-4228]
Status: The major field effort for this project will be in Spring
1978. There are no publications to date.
Information source: C. Peter McRoy, Institute of Marine Science,
University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99701
R-044-78
EFFECTS OF CADMIUM, POLYCHLORINATE AND BIPHENYL CHLORINATED
NAPHTHALENE ON MOLLUSKS FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
Hydrocarbons , Toxicity,
*Bio-indicators
Neff, 0. M.
Texas A&M University System, School of
Science, College Station, TX 77843
US National Science Foundation, Division
of Ocean Sciences, 1800 G St. NW,
Washington, DC 20550. No. OCE75-
04890 A01
1/78 - 12/78
$37,040 FY 78
Marine organisms, Biological effects, Oceans,
"The Biological Effects Program (BEP) is conducting laboratory studies
to evaluate the effects of metals, petroleum, chlorinated hydrocarbons
and phthalates on marine organisms. The objectives of this program
are to determine which species, life cycle stages and physiological
processes are most affected by various types of pollutants, and at
what levels. In addition, the investigators are looking specifically
for biological indicators which could be used as an early warning
system to detect pollutant-induced perturbations in the open ocean."
[SSIE No. GSN-1816-3]
161
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R-045-78
LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS ON SELECTED ALASKAN MARINE SPECIES
AFTER ACUTE AND LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO OIL AND OIL COMPONENTS
Principal Investigator: Rice, S. D., S. Korn, and J. F. Karinen
Performing Organization: Auke Bay Fisheries Laboratory, National
Marine Fisheries Service, PO Box 155,
Auke Bay, AK 99821
Supporting Agency: [Outer Continental Shelf Energy Assess-
ment Program - sponsored by:]
US Department of Interior, Bureau of
Land Management. Contract #R7120822,
Research Unit #72
Period: 10/77 - 9/78
Funds: $300,000 FY 78
Petroleum products, Toxicity, Mortality, Sublethal effects, Marine
organisms, Acute effects, Chronic effects, Alaska
Physiological and bioassay tests of applied research on species
indigenous to the Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, and Beaufort Sea are
being conducted. Included are: 1) toxicity experiments for the
identification of sensitive species, life stages, factors that
affect toxicity, and components most responsible for toxicity; and
2) sublethal physiological response experiments for the identifica-
tion, measurement, and characterization of physiological responses
indicative of oil stress.
Status: OCSEAP funding for this project began in FY 75 and will
continue through at least FY 78. Implications of this research
include: 1) oil effects and organism responses to oil are complex,
species dependent, and variably modified by environmental factors;
2) extremely low hydrocarbon concentrations reduce survival of
marine organisms; and 3) immediate or delayed death from oil are
not the only dangers to species, as behavioral changes may increase
mortality levels by predation.
Reports and Publications
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL EXPOSURE ON KING CRAB (PARALITHODES
CAMTSCHATICA) GILL MORPHOLOGY
Borchek, M. A., and M. M. Babcock. n.d.
In Lab. Review, target journal: Journal of Invertebrate
Pathology.
SENSITIVITY OF LARVAL AND ADULT ALASKAN SHRIMP AND CRABS TO
ACUTE EXPOSURES OF THE WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION OF COOK INLET
CRUDE OIL
Broderson, C. C., S. D. Rice, J. W. Short, T. A. Mecklenburg,
and J. F. Karinen. 1977.
1977 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,
Cleanup), New Orleans, March 8-10, 1977. p. 575-578.
(American Petroleum Institute No. 4284.)
162
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Tests using 96-hr static bioassays at water temperatures
normally encountered by the organisms were conducted in the
title study. Larvae were found to be more sensitive to oil
than adults, and the sensitivity of the larvae was dependent
on species and developmental stage. Greater vulnerability of
larvae to oil exposure is probably due to greater suscepti-
bility to oil toxicity and predation. Cold water species are
particularly vulnerable because of the long time spent as
developing larvae.
THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON THE TOXICITY OF COOK INLET
CRUDE OIL WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION TO SCALLOPS, SHRIMP, AND
PINK SALMON FRY
Korn, S., S. D. Rice, and D. A. Moles.
Submitted to journal.
MOLTING AND SURVIVAL OF KING CRAB (PARALITHODES CAMTSCHATICA)
AND COONSTRIPE SHRIMP (PANDALUS HYPSINOTUS) LARVAE EXPOSED TO
COOK INLET CRUDE OIL WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION
Mecklenburg, T. A., S. D. Rice, and J. F. Karinen. 1977.
Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems
and Organisms. D. A. Wolfe (ed.j. New York, Pergamon Press,
1977. p. 221-228. Proceedings of a Symposium, Seattle,
Washington, November 10-12, 1976.
Molting larvae were more sensitive than intermolt larvae to
the WSF of crude oil, and molting coonstripe shrimp larvae
were more sensitive than molting king crab larvae. When
molting larvae were exposed to high concentrations of the
WSF (1.15-1.87 ppm total hydrocarbons) for six hours, molting
success was reduced by 10-30% and some deaths occurred. When
larvae were exposed to these concentrations for 24 hours or
longer, molting declined 90-100% and the larvae usually died.
Comparisons of sensitivity to oil between different crustacean
species or life stages should be based on animals tested in
the same stage of the molt cycle.
ACUTE TOXICITY AND UPTAKE-DEPURATION STUDIES WITH COOK INLET
CRUDE OIL, PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL, NO. 2 FUEL OIL AND SEVERAL
SUBARCTIC MARINE ORGANISMS
Rice, S. D., J. W. Short, C. C. Brodersen, T. A. Mecklenburg,
e^a]_. 1976.
Auke Bay, Alaska, Northwest Fisheries Center Auke Bay Fisheries
Laboratory, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 1976.
Processed Report. 89 p.
The primary objectives mentioned in the title were carried out
with fish and shellfish species found in Kachemak Bay. Methods,
results, and specific conclusions are discussed. General con-
clusions indicate that major differences do not exist between
the responses of the Alaskan marine animals tested and the
responses of marine animals from other areas as reported in the
literature.
163
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EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS ON BREATHING AND COUGHING
RATES, AND HYDROCARBON UPTAKE-DEPURATION IN PINK SALMON FRY
Rice, S. D., R. E. Thomas, and J. W. Short. 1977.
Physiological Responses of Marine Biota to Pollutants.
F. J. Vernberg, A. Calabrese, F. P. Thurberg, and W. B. Vern-
berg (eds.). New York, Academic Press, 1977. p. 259-277.
Breathing and coughing rates of pink salmon fry, Oncorhynchus
gorbuscha, were monitored during exposure to WSF of Cook Inlet
and Prudhoe Bay crude oils and No. 2 fuel oil. High breathing
rates during the first 24 hr of exposure, elimination of most
aromatics by 20 hr, and the continued high breathing during a
contact-dose exposure for 72 hr indicate that salmon fry can
cope with a sublethal exposure to hydrocarbons, but at the cost
of an increased metabolic rate. Increased metabolic rates may
be detrimental to survival if the stress persists for long
periods of time.
THE EFFECTS OF PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF
EGGS, ALEVINS, AND FRY OF PINK SALMON, ONCORHYNCHUS GORBUSCHA
Rice, S. D., D. A. Moles, and J. W. Short. 1975.
Proceedings of the 1975 Conference on the Prevention and Control
of Oil Pollution, March 25-27, 1975, San Francisco, California.
Washington, D.C., American Petroleum Institute, 1975. p. 503-507.
Standard 96-hr bioassays with "total" oil solutions in fresh
water and seawater determined differences in sensitivity of the
developing life stages of the title species. In fresh water,
the fry were greatly susceptible at the time of emergence
(completion of yolk absorption). After fry migration in sea-
water, susceptibility is even greater.
A REVIEW OF COMPARATIVE OIL TOXICITY AND COMPARATIVE ANIMAL
SENSITIVITY
Rice, S. D., J. W. Short, and J. F. Karinen. 1977.
Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems
and Organisms. D. A. Wolfe (ed.). New York, Pergamon Press,
1977. p. 78-94. Proceedings of a Symposium, Seattle, Washing-
ton, November 10-12, 1976.
This review includes studies dealing with the ability of crude
and refined oils to kill marine animals, and covers: 1) the
behavior of oil in water; 2) the methodology problems associated
with bioassays; 3) the comparative toxicity of oil-water mixtures,
oils, and components of oils; and 4) the comparative sensitivity
of different life stages and species.
TOXICITY OF COOK INLET CRUDE OIL AND NO. 2 FUEL OIL TO SEVERAL
ALASKAN MARINE FISHES AND INVERTEBRATES
Rice, S. D., J. W. Short, and J. F. Karinen. 1976.
Sources, Effects & Sinks of Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environ-
ment. American Institute of Biological Sciences, 1976. p. 394-
406. Proceedings of the Symposium, American University, Washington,
D.C., 9-11 August 1976.
164
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Median tolerance levels of 27 different marine Alaskan inverte-
brate and vertebrate species to WSF of crude oil and No. 2 fuel
oil were determined using a 96-hr static bioassay method. The
two oils were equally toxic, fish were consistently among the
most sensitive species. Alaskan marine species appear to be
slightly more sensitive than those of temperate regions; this
difference in sensitivity may be due to the greater persistence
of toxic hydrocarbons at the lower temperatures.
ACCUMULATION, RETENTION, AND DEPURATION OF PETROLEUM-DERIVED
HYDROCARBONS BY FOUR SPECIES OF ALASKAN MARINE ANIMALS (SCALLOPS,
SHRIMP, KING CRAB, AND SALMON)
Short, J. W., and S. D. Rice.
Submitted to journal.
COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR OIL AND GREASE DETERMINATION
Short, J. W., S. D. Rice, and D. L. Cheatham. 1976.
Assessment of the Marine Arctic Environment: Selected Topics.
D. W. Hood and D. C. Burrell (eds.). Fairbanks, Alaska,
University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science, 1976.
p. 451-462. (Occasional Publication No. 4.)
Comparison of a gravimetric method and a spectrophotometric
method of determining WSF of crude oil indicates that the gravi-
metric method is inadequate for anything but grease determination.
Infrared spectrophotometry was 100% effective in determining
levels of grease, crude oils, and No. 2 fuel oil.
RESPONSE OF THE CLAM, MACOMA BALTHICA (LINNAEUS), EXPOSED TO
PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL AS UNMIXED OIL, WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION,
AND OIL-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT IN THE LABORATORY
Taylor, T. L., and J. F. Karinen. 1977.
Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems
and Organisms. D. A. Wolfe (ed.). New York, Pergamon Press,
1977. p. 229-237. Proceedings of a Symposium, Seattle, Wash-
ington, November 10-12, 1976.
Gentle settling of crude oil over clam beds had negligible
effects on clams observed for two months. Water-soluble (WSF)
and oil-treated (OTF) sediment fractions of Prudhoe Bay crude
oil inhibited burrowing and caused clams to move to the sediment
surface. Responses were directly proportional to the concentra-
tions of the WSF or amount of OTF. The significance of these
laboratory tests to survival of M. balthica in the natural
environment is discussed.
INCREASED OPERCULAR RATES OF PINK SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS GORBUSCHA)
FRY AFTER EXPOSURE TO THE WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION OF PRUDHOE BAY
CRUDE OIL
Thomas, R. E., and S. D. Rice. 1975.
Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 32(11):2221-
2224.
The opercular rates of the pink salmon increased significantly
for 9 to 12 hours after exposure to WSF of oil-water solutions.
165
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Increases in rates were proportional to increases in dose.
Recording changes in opercular rates is a suitable method
for detecting sublethal physiological effects of stress.
Information source:
J. F. Karinen, Investigation Chief,
Physiology-Bioassay Section, Auke Bay
Fisheries Laboratory, PO Box 155,
Auke Bay, AK 99821
R-046-78
GENETIC VARIATION AND RESISTANCE TO CARCINOGENS IN NATURAL WATERS
Principal Investigator: Schultz, R. J.
University of Connecticut, Graduate
School, Storrs, CT 06268
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab., Sabine Island,
Gulf Breeze, FL 32561. No. R805195-01,
Q625F-1-2
10/76 - 9/77
$40,000 FY 77
Performing Organization;
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
Detection, Carcinogens, Petroleum products, Oil shale, Fish,
*Bioassay
"The objective of this grant is to evaluate the feasibility of using
isogenic fish to detect carcinogens. The validated bioassay system
would be used to test the carcinogenic properties of compounds from
petroleum and shale oil."
[SSIE No. GMA-4119]
R-047-78 (R-152-76)
ALASKAN OIL SEEPS - THEIR
ENVIRONMENT
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON THE
Shaw, D. G.
University of Alaska, Institute of Marine
Science, Fairbanks, AK 99701
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab., 200 SW 35th
St., Corvallis, OR 97330. No. R803922-03;
M625A-3
10/76 - 9/77
$123,991 FY 77
Natural seepage, Chronic effects, Biological effects, Chemical effects,
Intertidal zone, Alaska/Gulf of
"Objective is to relate a defined chronic input of petroleum in an
intertidal environment to biological changes at the organism and
166
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community levels. The project will investigate oil seeps along the
Gulf of Alaska that provide long-term, low-level input of petroleum
into the marine intertidal environment."
[SSIE No. GMA-4260]
R-048-78
CULTURE OF MARINE ALGAE FOR EXPERIMENTAL USE
Principal Investigator: Steele, R. L.
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Environmental Research Lab., S. Ferry Rd.,
Narragansett, RI 02882
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab., S. Ferry Rd.,
Narragansett, RI 02882. No. P608C-15
10/76 - 9/77
$45,600 FY 77
Algae, Hydrocarbons , Detection, Toxicity, *Bioassay , *Cultures
Selected macro-algae were cultured for use as bioassay organisms to
detect toxic levels of oil, oil products, and other pollutants.
Levels of sensitivity have been determined for two species: Fucus
edentatus and Laminaria maccahrina. Brown algae with different life
cycles were also to be tested.
[SSIE No. ZMA-1184]
Status: Results will be published in the proceedings of the
IX International Seaweed Symposium.
Reports and Publications
SENSITIVITY OF SOME BROWN ALGAL REPRODUCTIVE STAGES TO OIL
POLLUTION
Steele, R. L. 1977.
Journal of Phycology 13 (Supplement):64. Abstract.
The author studied two genera of brown algae, Fucus and
Laminaria, to measure oil pollution toxicity in these bioassay
organisms. Four kinds of oil were tested and both algae were
found to be sensitive at less than 100 ppb. Male reproductive
cells were much more sensitive than eggs or female gametophytes.
R-049-78
IMPACT OF THE METULA OIL SPILL ON THE SUBTIDAL MACROBENTHOS OF
THE STRAITS OF MAGELLAN
Principal Investigator: Swartz, R. C., and D. J. Baumgartner
Performing Organization: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Newport, OR 97365
167
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Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab., 200 SW 35th
St., Corvallis, OR 97330. No. M608C-99
10/76 - 9/77
$14,000 FY 77
Metula spill, Contamination, Sediments, Benthos, Biological effects,
Magellan/Strait of
Research objectives are to assess the degree of hydrocarbon contami-
nation of sediments and alterations in subtidal benthic community
structure caused by the Metula spill in the Straits of Magellan.
Forty-four samples of sediments and biological collections were made.
Research is closely coordinated with that of Dr. Victor Gallardo,
University of Concepcion, Chile.
[SSIE No. ZMA-1176]
Status: The initial cruise was completed in April 1976. The project
is still ongoing as of April 10, 1978.
Reports and Publications
SUBTIDAL SURVEY OF THE STRAIT OF MAGELLAN IN THE VICINITY OF
THE METULA OIL SPILL
Swartz, R. C., and V. A. Gallardo. 1976.
Antarctic Journal of the United States XI(3):186-187.
A survey of subtidal benthic communities and sediment oil
contamination taken in April 1976 used 44 benthic grab,
beach, and trawl stations. Quantities of oil were still on
the beaches, below the surface of the upper intertidal zone,
and in the estuaries nearly 2 years after the Metula spill.
Beaches and inlets appear to be a continuing source of oil
pollution in the Strait.
Information source:
R. C. Swartz, USEPA, Coryallis Environmental
Research Laboratory, Marine and Freshwater
Ecology Branch, Newport Field Station, Marine
Science Center, Newport, OR 97365
2. GENERAL ASPECTS
R-050-78 (R-212-74)
FATE AND EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE COASTAL
ECOSYSTEMS
Principal Investigator: Vanderhorst, J. R., and R. M. Bean
168
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Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Hydrocarbons
Uptake, Fate,
Intertidal
Mollusks
Battelle Memorial Institute, PO Box 999,
Richland, WA 99352
US Energy Research & Development Adminis-
tration, Division of Biomedical & Environ-
mental Research, 1717 H St. NW, Washington,
DC 20545. Contract EY-76-C-06-1830
10/76 - 9/77
zone, Ecosystems, Mortality, Growth,
The long-range project objective is to study the fate and effects
of petroleum in marine coastal ecosystems. Specific objectives are
to measure the above in laboratory-held intertidal colonies and in
populations of little-neck clams. A continuous-flow test system
has been developed which operates on gravity, and can be adjusted to
deliver from several mg/L down to 0.1 mg/L total oil. Statistically
significant (P = 0.001) effects of No. 2 fuel oil on species richness,
species diversity, and individual species occurrence patterns have
been described. Prudhoe Bay crude is also being tested. Mortality,
growth, and hydrocarbon uptake and retention in the little-neck clam
are being assessed,
[SSIE No. ZPE-11592-1]
169
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D. ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
1. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
R-051-78
TOXICITY TO MARINE ORGANISMS OF PETROCHEMICALS AND ENERGY
RELATED ORGANIC SOLVENTS DERIVED FROM OFF-SHORE ACTIVITIES AND
OCEAN DUMPING
Principal Investigator: Richards, N. L.
Performing Organization; US Environmental Protection Agency,
Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Lab.,
Gulf Breeze, FL 32561
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab., Sabine
Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561.
No. Q625A-2-2
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $20,000 FY 77
Petrochemicals, Marine organisms, Biological effects, Toxicity,
Offshore drilling, Extraction, Oil transport, *Drilling muds
The objective of this research is to assess the effects of emissions
from offshore petroleum exploitation, extraction, and transportation
activities on marine organisms and communities. Single species and
community bioassays will be continued on selected components of
drilling muds. Whole drilling muds and other pollutants emitted
from extraction activities such as cutting and man-mobilized petro-
leum hydrocarbons will be evaluated.
[SSIE No. ZMA-1113]
R-052-78
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OFFSHORE DRILLING AND OIL ON THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT
Principal Investigator: Schuh, N.
Performing Organization: US Navy, Coastal Systems Laboratory,
Panama City, FL 32401
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
Environmental Research Lab., Sabine
Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561.
Interagency No. D7-01134, Q625A-2-1
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $439,988 FY 77
Offshore drilling, Extraction, Environmental effects, Fuel oil,
Oil shale
"The work to be funded under this IAG includes the conduct of
research to 1) determine the environmental effects of offshore oil
170
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extraction, 2) assess the effects on the marine environment of
Bunker C fuel derived from shale oil. In order to simulate the
conditions of the marine environment, the use of the Stage I
Offshore Platform owned and maintained by the NCSL, Panama City,
Florida, will be required."
[SSIE No. ZMA-1114]
Status: The Naval Coastal Systems Center is limited to providing
facilities and labor support to EPA, Dr. Norman Richards, US EPA,
Environmental Research Laboratory, Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL
32561, is responsible for the research project.
Information source:
C. M. Callahan, Head, T&E Support Department,
Naval Coastal Systems Center, Department of
the Navy, Panama City, FL 32407
171
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E. FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
1. BIODEGRADATION
R-053-78 (R-093-77)
OCEAN ENVIRONMENTAL
Investigator:
DEEP
Principal
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Funds:
STUDIES OF MARINE BACTERIA
Colwell, R. R.
University of Maryland, School of Agri-
culture, College Park, MD 20742
US National Science Foundation, Division
of Ocean Sciences, 1800 G St. NW,
Washington, DC 20550. No. OCE76-82655
1/78 - 12/78
$32,500 FY 78
Biodegradation, Microorganisms, Distribution, Oceans
The object of this research is to determine the interaction of
microorganisms with the deep-ocean environment under in situ
conditions. Rates of utilization will be assessed using seawater
samples enriched with chitin, cellulose, carbohydrates, urea, and
other organic compounds. Biodegradation experiments will use
substrates of petroleum, heavy metals, and pesticides. Other
studies will cover metabolic activity, genetic experiments concern-
ing geographic distribution, and the ecological significance of
plasmids in the deep sea.
[SSIE No. CM-310-1]
Reports and Publications
INITIAL INVESTIGATIONS WITH A DEEP OCEAN JW SITU SAMPLER
Tabor, P. S., and R. R. Colwell.
Oceans '76. p. 13D-1-13D-4.
A deep ocean sampler capable of aseptically sampling and
maintaining a seawater sample under in situ conditions of
pressure and temperature has been developed and is described
here.
MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF DECOMPRESSED AND UNDECOMPRESSED
WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED WITH A DEEP OCEAN SAMPLER
Colwell, R. R., and P. S. Tabor. 1977.
Benthic Boundary Layer and Geochemistry of Interstitial
Waters. Proceedings of the Joint Oceanographic Assembly,
Edinburgh, Scotland,(in press).
A newly developed sampler and its application are described.
Research objectives are to use the sampler to investigate the
structure and function of microbial populations found in the
deep ocean.
172
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MICROBIAL ECOLOGY STUDIES OF THE METULA SPILL IN THE
STRAITS OF MAGELLAN
Colwell, R. R., A. L. Mills, J. D. Walker, P. Garcia-Tello,
and V. Campos-P.
Proceedings: Oil/Environment-"! 977. An International Symposium.
"Recovery of Oiled Northern Marine Environments." Held in
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada on October 10, 1977.
The Metula spill of August 1974 was studied from May 1976 -
January 1977. Initial sampling showed increased heterotrophic
bacterial populations at oil-impacted sites, and a cold-tolerant
population of petroleum degrading bacteria was observed. It was
concluded from biodegradation studies that oil degradation under
in situ conditions proceeds relatively slowly. This research
was funded by NSF Grant No. ENV 76-08310, "Microbiological
Effects of Petroleum Accumulation on Beaches."
Information Source: R. R. Colwell, Department of Microbiology,
Division of Agricultural and Life Sciences,
University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
R-054-78
DEGRADATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN COLD CLIMATE ECOSYSTEMS
Principal Investigator: Gordon, R. C., and C. V. Davenport
Performing Organization: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Environmental Research Lab,
Fairbanks, AK 99701
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Research & Development, Environmental
Research Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis,
OR 97330. No. M608A-64
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $42,000 FY 77
Biodegradation, Crude oil, Microorganisms, Metabolism, Baseline
studies, Decomposition, Arctic, Subarctic regions
"The objectives are: 1) to complete the literature review and 'State
of the Art1 paper on oil degradation under arctic and subarctic con-
ditions, 2) to determine immediate and long term effects of crude oil
on indigenous microbial populations and their metabolic activities in
the terrestrial and aquatic environments, and 3) to begin to assess
the role of indigenous microorganisms in crude oil degradation in cold
climate ecosystems."
[SSIE No. ZMA-1169]
R-055-78
MARINE PROTOZOAN MICROSOMAL ACTIVATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS TO MUTAGENS
Principal Investigator: Lindmark, D. G.
Performing Organization: Rockefeller University, Graduate School,
York Ave. & 66th St., New York, NY 10021
Supporting Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research & Development,
173
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Environmental Research Lab., Sabine
Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561.
No. R805364-01, Q625F-1-4
Period: 10/76 - 9/77
Funds: $25,000 FY 77
Biodegradation, Bacteria, *Marine protozoa, *Microsomes
'The project consists of the isolation of microsomes from various
marine protozoa. Work will be done on a small scale under labora-
tory conditions. "
[SSIE No. GMA-4124]
2. PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL CHANGES
R-056-78
CONDUCT A STUDY TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF OIL SLICK
PROPERTIES ON THE DISPERSION OF AN OIL SLICK
Principal Investigator: Coffee, M. M.
Performing Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Cambridge, MA 02139
Supporting Agency: US Coast Guard, Department of Transportation,
400 7th St, SW, Washington, DC 20590.
Contract CG-61,802-A(CR)
Period: 9/76 - 11/77
Funds: $121,770
Oil
slicks, Dispersions, Physical effects, *Literature survey
the objective is to investigate the existing literature on the
available empirical and theoretical bases for determining the disper-
sion of oil slicks and how this dispersion is affected by slick
geometry, oil physical properties and oil composition."
[from Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts Vol. 15:#14
059949. 1977]
3. GENERAL FATE OF OIL
R-057-78 (R-172-76)
DEVELOPMENT OF A CHEMICAL, STABILITY, AND TRANSPORT MODEL OF
OIL SHALE PROCESS WASTES IN SOIL
Principal Investigator: Routson, R. C., R. M. Bean, R. J. Serne,
and R. E. Wildung
174
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Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency:
Period:
Battelle Memorial Institute,
PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
US Energy Research & Development Adminis-
tration, Division of Biomedical & Environ-
mental Research, 1717 H St. NW, Washington,
DC 20545. Contract EY-76-C-06-1830
10/76 - 9/77
Oil shale, Wastewaters, Fate, Soil, Models, Sources, *Pollutant
transport
The source, transport, and physical and chemical reactions, stability,
and fate of oil shale process wastes will be investigated and modeled.
Batch and column studies will be used to measure the equilibrium and
kinetic parameters which control the fate and transport of the wastes
and leachates through typical soil systems of oil shale regions. A
computer simulation program will be developed to predict pollutant
transport through these soils.
Status: "Work to date includes completion of a comprehensive litera-
ture review, characterization of Bureau of Mines spent shale and
retort waste water, sorption of collidine on a soil and spent shale,
and modification of a computer model to accommodate inorganic com-
plexes, Langmuir isothermal sorption, and N equilibria."
[SSIE No. ZPE-11372-1]
Status: This project has been incorporated into another program
entitled "Terrestrial Effects of Oil Shale Development," of which
R. E. Wildung is the principal investigator.
Information source:
R. E. Wildung, Manager, Environmental Chemistry,
Ecosystems Department, Battelle Pacific North-
west Laboratories, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
175
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SECTION III: CURRENT CONFERENCES
* Additional information not available at time of publication
** Possible oil-related topic or paper
FEB 27-MAR 3 29th Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied
Spectroscopy, Cleveland, Ohio, 1978
Oil Pollution Related Papers
Session: Oil and Other Organic Pollutants Analysis II
Paper 551
FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS IN FLUORESCENCE AND LOW TEMPERATURE
LUMINESCENCE FOR OIL IDENTIFICATION
Eastwood, D., and M. S. Henrick
Paper 552
TOTAL LUMINESCENCE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL
WEATHERING ON OILS
Hornig, A. W., and L. P. Giering
Paper 553
IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTITATION OF ISOMETRIC POLYCYCLIC
AUTOMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN MIXTURES BY MATRIX-ISOLATION
FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY
Wehry, E. L., G. Mamantav, P. Tokousbalides, R. C.
Stroupe, and R. B. Dickinson, Jr.
Paper 554
FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION-EMISSION CONTOUR MAPPING OF
HPLC ELUATES
Jadamec, J. R., W. A. Saner, E. Kallet, S. Cravitt,
and Y. Talmi
Paper 555
**CHARACTERIZATION OF HPLC ELUATES USING OMA FOR UV
ABSORPTION AND FLUORESCENCE MAPPING
Saner, W. A., J. R. Jadamec, and Y. Talmi
Paper 556
LABORATORY WEATHERING OF PETROLEUM
Flanigan, G. A.
Paper 557
**AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER VIA GS/MS
Beggs, D., and B. Holtz
Paper 558
**POLLUTANT ANALYSIS VIA NEGATIVE ION CHEMICAL IONIZATION
MASS SPECTROMETRY
Beggs, D., A. Malera, and G. Mathers
Paper 560
**AUTOMATED ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER
Snyder, W. D.
FFI contact Edwin S. Hodge, Carnegie-Mellon University,
Mellon Institute, 4440 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
176
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MAR 30 Vessel Pollution Liability and Certification Seminar, Houston,
Texas, 1978
Sponsored by Sea Grant College Program, Texas A&M University
Seminar Topics
**HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES COVERED BY THE FEDERAL WATER
POLLUTION CONTROL ACT
Flaherty, L. M.
ROLE OF THE US COAST GUARD IN OIL SPILL CLEANUP AND
POLLUTION PREVENTION
Palmer, S., Jr.
POLLUTION AND "SUPER FUND" LEGISLATION: THE EFFECTS
ON VESSEL LIABILITY AND FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS
VIEWED BY THE MARINE INDUSTRY
Menton, 0. R.
PANEL DISCUSSION: VESSEL LIABILITY AND FINANCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY CERTIFICATION FOR OIL AND HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES POLLUTION
Bayard, H. W., Jr., A. Pankopf, and L. Fuller
FFI contact Dewayne Hollin, Conference Coordinator,
12605 East Freeway, Suite 302, Houston, TX 77015
*APR 5-6 Workshop on the Role of Planning in the Control of Environmental
Pollution, Bristol, United Kingdom, 1978
FFI contact Jane Dumore, NSCA, 136 North Street, Brighton,
Sussex, UK
APR 18-20 3rd Annual Conference on Treatment and Disposal of Industrial
Wastewaters and Residues, Houston, TX, 1978
Sponsored by Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute,
University of Houston, American Institute of Chemical Engineers,
and Information Transfer. Inc.
Oil Pollution Related Papers
Session VB: Treatment of Petroleum and Petrochemical
Wastes
PETROLEUM REFINERY CONFIGURATION AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT
COSTS
Finelt, S., and J. R. Crump
MUTANT BACTERIA FOR CONTROL OF OIL AND GREASE IN THE
WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SYSTEM OF AN INTEGRATED
MARINE/LAND TERMINAL
Zitrides, T., A. Galen, and E. Warner
Session VIIIA: Treatment of Organic Wastes
**SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF CERTAIN BIOREFRACTORY HYDROCARBONS
FROM EFFLUENTS WITH POLYMERIC ADSORBENTS
Albaugh, E. W., J. Free!, and T. E. Gerdes
177
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Session IXA: Joint Treatment
**COMBINED TREATMENT OF PETROCHEMICAL AND MUNICIPAL
WASTEWATERS
Reynolds, T. D., P. E. Ferguson, and J. R. Ferguson
FFI contact Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute,
c/o Information Transfer Inc., Suite 202, 1150 Rockville Pike,
Rockville, MD 20852
APR 25-26 Environmental Law and Regulations, Introductory Course,
Denver, Colorado, 1978
Sponsored by Government Institutes, Inc.
Oil Pollution Related Topics
Session: Water Pollution Control
Discussed were the Federal Water Pollution Control Act
including the 1977 amendments; federal/state regulatory
framework; technology-based effluent standards and guide-
lines; impact on direct and indirect discharges; NPDES
permit process; abatement actions; special provisions for
oil, hazardous and toxic pollutants; and more.
FFI contact Nancy McNerney, Government Institutes, Inc.
4733 Bethesda Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20014
APR 27-29 SNAME Spring Meeting/STAR Symposium, New London, Connecticut,
1978
Sponsored by The New England Section, The Society of Naval
Architects and Marine Engineers
Oil Pollution Related Papers
Session B: Pollution Realities
Paper 15
ARGO MERCHANT OIL: WHERE DID IT GO?
Jadamec, J. R., G. L. Hufford, S. Fortier, and S. Buchanan
Paper 16
DEEP WATER PORT POLLUTION RESPONSE PROJECT
Griffiths, R. A., I. M. Lissauer, and J. E. Ferguson, Jr.
Session: Pollution Liabilities Defined
Paper 17
THE NEW DIRECTION FOR OIL SPILL LAW
Smith, S. L., and M. Smith, Jr.
TANKERS: SAFETY AND POLLUTION PANEL DISCUSSION
Environmental problems caused by tankers and their
associated oil spills are addressed in conjunction with
measures taken at the February 1978 IMCO Conference
FFI contact Trevor Lewis-Jones, Manager, Publications and
Technical Programs, The Society of Naval Architects and Marine
Engineers, One World Trade Center, Suite 1369, New York, NY 10048
178
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APR 26-28 Joint MMT/End Workshop on Management and Control of Oil
Blowouts in the North Sea and Environmental Standard Setting
(Location Unknown), 1978
Sponsored by the International Institute for Applied Systems
Analysis (IIASA)
The joint workshop included discussion of disaster management
of oil blowouts associated with offshore production platforms
in the North Sea. Critical decision points, risk assessment,
alternative solution, and impacts of blowout disaster were
reviewed. Theoretical and institutional approaches to
standard setting were analyzed.
Workshop: Oil Blowout Management and Control - APR 26-28
The sessions focused on four major topics; prevention,
control, cleanup, and environmental impacts. The emphasis
was on the human aspect of the topics (i.e., organization
and management), although physical aspects (i.e., engin-
eering and equipment) were also included.
Workshop: Standard Setting - MAY 2-3
Oil-related case studies included setting emission
standards for chronic oil discharges in the North Sea
and setting safety standards to prevent blowout risks
from North Sea production platforms.
FFI contact International Institute for Applied Systems
Analysis, A-2361 Laxenburg, Schloss Laxenburg, Austria
JUN 14-17 Conference on Assessment of the Ecological Impacts of Oil
Spills, Keystone, Colorado, 1978
Coordinated by American Institute of Biological Sciences
Sponsored by API, BLM, USCG, EPA, ERDA, and NOAA
Conference Program
Session: Keynote Addresses
OIL SPILLS IN THE COASTAL ZONE - THE STATISTICAL PICTURE
Fugaro, A.
OIL SPILLS - AN INDUSTRIAL POINT OF VIEW
Haxby, L. P.
OIL SPILLS - A PUBLIC POINT OF VIEW
Murphy, E. F.
Session: The Socio-Economic-Legal Aspects of Oil Spills
COMPREHENSIVE OIL POLLUTION LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION -
WHERE DOES THE ISSUE STAND TODAY?
Couper, F. E.
FROM JORRE\^ANYON_ TO EKOFISK: A STUDY OF BRITISH
LEGISLATION BY CRISIS
Fitzmaurice, V.
179
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SOME LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS RELATIVE TO OIL POLLUTION
LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION
Fidell , E., and R. A. DuBey
ECONOMIC VALUES AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS ASSOCIATED
WITH OIL SPILLS
Wilman, E. A.
Case History: The Impact of the ARGO MERCHANT Spill
(12/15/76)
MODELING THE BEHAVIOR OF THE SPILL
Gait, J.
FATE OF THE OIL
MacLeod, W.
IMPACT OF OIL ON PELAGIC ORGANISMS
Kuhnhold, W.
IMPACT OF THE OIL ON BIRDS AND MAMMALS
Morson, B.
Case History: The Impact of the BOUCHARD #65 Barge Spill
in Buzzards Bay (1/28/77)
THE OIL-ICE INTERACTION
Deslauriers, P.
CHEMICAL ANALYSES
Uyeda, M.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE OIL
Maiero, D.
Case History: The Impact of the NEPCO #140 Barge Spill
in the St. Lawrence River (6/23/76")
THE NEED FOR AND THE SCOPE OF THE SPILL CLEANUP
Nadeau, R.
BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THE SPILL
Alexander, M. M.
ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDIES
Palm, J.
Case Histories (Session I): Highlights Regarding the
Impacts of Other Pertinent Oil Spills
EFFECTS OF THE BARGE STC-101 SPILL IN CHESAPEAKE BAY
2/2/76)
Ayers, W.
THE URQUIOLA OIL SPILL (5/12/76): OBSERVATIONS OF
BIOLOGICAL DAMAGE ALONG THE SPANISH COAST
Stein, R. J., E. R. Gundlach, and M. 0. Hayes
FATE OF THE OIL SPILLED BY THE USNS POTOMAC IN MELVILLE
BIGHT, GREENLAND (8/5/77)
Peterson, H.
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EFFECT OF AN OIL SPILL ON SALT MARSHES AT HARBOR ISLAND, TX
Holt S.
Case Histories (Session II): Highlights Regarding the
Impacts of Other Pertinent Oil Spills
The METULA Tanker Spill (8/9/74) in the Straits of Magellan
PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE SPILL
Hann, R.
BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE SPILL
Straughan, D.
The SANSINERA Oil Spill (12/17/76) in the San Pedro, CA
Harbor
FATE OF THE OIL
Kolpack, R.
BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF THE SPILL
Soule, D. R.
Case History: The Impact of the EKOFISK BRAVO Blowout
(4/22/77) in the North Sea
THE FATE AND WEATHERING OF SURFACE OIL FROM THE BRAVO
BLOWOUT
Audunson, T.
THE EKOFISK BRAVO BLOWOUT: PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN
THE SEA
Grahl-Nielsen, 0.
PRESENCE OF OIL IN THE SEDIMENT AND BENTHIC COMMUNITY
SURROUNDING THE EKOFISK FIELD AFTER THE BRAVO BLOWOUT
Johnson, J.
BIOLOGICAL MONITORING IN THE EKOFISK OILFIELD
Addy, J. M., B. M. Dicks, J. P. Hartley, and D. Levell
EFFECTS OF THE EKOFISK BRAVO BLOWOUT ON HYDROCARBON
RESIDUES IN FISH
Whittle, K. J., P. R. Mackie, J. Rarmer, and R. Hardy
Research Papers: Effects of Spills on Wildlife
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM ON AQUATIC BIRDS
Hoffman, D. J.
EFFECTS OF LOW LEVEL OIL EXPOSURE ON MALLARD DUCKS
Lawler, G. C.
UPTAKE AND CLEARANCE OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS FOLLOWING
EXPERIMENTAL OIL SPILL AND INGESTION EXPOSURE IN ARCTIC
RINGED SEALS
Engelhardt, F. R., J. R. Geraci, and T. G. Smith
DOES A PROBLEM EXIST RELATIVE TO SMALL SEA TURTLES AND
OIL SPILLS?
Witham, R.
161
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Research Papers: Effects of Spills on Water Column
Organisms
SHORT TERM EFFECTS OF OIL ON PELAGIC ORGANISMS IN
CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEMS
Lee, F.
CILIATES AS BIOINDICATORS OF OIL POLLUTION
Lanier, J. J., and M. Light
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF THE WATER
ACCOMMODATED FRACTIONS OF #2 FUEL OIL ON THE REPRODUCTION
IN WINTER FLOUNDER
Everich, D., and W. Kuhnhold
IMPACT OF CRUDE OIL ON PLANKTONIC FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
Scott, B. R., and D. B. Shindler
Research Papers: Effects of Spills on Benthic Organisms
THE INFAUNAL BENTHOS OF PETROLEUM-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS:
A COMMUNITY STUDY OF A NATURAL OIL SEEP
Spies, R. B., and P. H. Davis
EFFECTS OF CHRONIC CONCENTRATIONS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS
ON SPAWNING STAGES OF ADULT STARRY FLOUNDER AND LITTLENECK
CLAMS
Whipple, A., G. Yocom, and R. Smart
ESTIMATION OF EFFECTS FROM OIL ON INTERTIDAL POPULATIONS:
EXPERIMENTAL PERTURBATIONS VERSUS NATURAL VARIATION
Vanderhorst, J. R., J. W. Anderson, P. Wilkinson, and
D. L. Woodruff
ADSORPTION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS BY SEDIMENT COMPONENTS
AND ITS EFFECT ON SEDENTARY MARINE ORGANISMS
Ho, C. L.
Research Papers: Effects of Spills in Extreme Climate Zones
ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AN OIL SPILL IN
AN OFFSHORE SUB-ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT
Birchard, E. C.
POTENTIAL LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL IN
ARCTIC SEDIMENTS ON INDIGENOUS BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE
COMMUNITIES
Busdosh, M., K. W. Dobra, A. Horowitz, S. E. Neff, and
R. M. Atlas
ACCUMULATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN A SALT MARSH
ECOSYSTEM EXPOSED TO STEADY STATE OIL INPUT
Milan, C., and T. Whelan
ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF PETROLEUM SPILLAGE IN PUERTO
RICO
Lopez, J. M.
182
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Research Papers: An Assessment of the Ecological Impact
of Oil Spills Keyed to Long-Term Studies
A LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT KEYED TO THE
ARROW TANKER SPILL (2/4/70) IN CHEDABUCTO BAY, NOVA SCOTIA
Vandermeulen, J. H.
A LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT KEYED TO OBSERVA-
TIONS OF VARIOUS OIL SPILLS IN BRITISH PORTS
Baker, J.
FFI contact The American Institute of Biological Sciences,
Special Science Programs, 1401 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22209
*JUL 2-8 International Symposium on Remote Sensing for Observation and
Inventory of Earth Resources and the Endangered Environment,
Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany, 1978
No address given
JUL 10-13 Eighth Annual Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems,
San Diego, California, 1978
Oil Pollution Related Topics
**Topic Area I: Marine Technology and Applications for Effluent
Control, Environmental Control, and Waste Management
FFI contact Paul Schatzberg, Naval Ship R&D Center, Code 286,
Annapolis, MD 21402
JUL 17-21 Chemical Control of Marine Oil Spills, Plymouth, New
Hampshire, 1978
Sponsored by Gordon Research Conferences, Plymouth State College
Session: Microbial Utilization of Petroleum Hydrocarbons
and Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Chemical Treating Agents Mixtures
EFFECTS OF DISPERSANTS AND EMULSIFYING AGENTS ON
DEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS
Stewart, J. E.
INFLUENCE OF DISPERSANTS ON MICROBIAL UTILIZATION OF
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AS APPLIED TO A MESO-SCALE TEST
SYSTEM
Bhattacharya, S.
Session: Chemical and Physical Nature of Spilled Oil
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROCESSES AND RATES OF HYDROGEN
TRANSPORT FROM SURFACE OIL
Mackay, D.
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROCESSES AND RATES OF HYDROGEN
TRANSPORT FROM SURFACE OIL
Butler, J.
183
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Session: Biological Response of Marine Organisms
Subjected to Spilled Oil and Chemical Control Agents
NEW TOXICITY RESEARCH: OIL AND DISPERSANTS
Norton, M., and S. L. Franklin
FUTURE RESEARCH ON SOLVING THE DISPERSANT PROBLEM
Baker, J. M.
Session: Chemistry and Physics of Oil Spill Treating Agents
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY OF OIL-WATER-DISPERSANT MIXTURES
Brown, C.
SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF SURFACTANTS-OIL AND WATER MIXTURES
Donnelly, R.
Session: Physical Entrainment and Dispersion in the
Natural Environment
SOME ENTRAINMENT PROCESSES IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Cornillon, P.
MIXING ENERGY OF OIL AND OIL-DISPERSANT MIXTURES WITH
SEA WATER
Kim, T. J. M.
THE ROLE OF MODELING IN THE USE OF DISPERSANTS--WHAT
WE KNOW AND DON'T KNOW ABOUT THE DISPERSANT PROCESS
Cornillon, P., and M. Spaulding
Session: Field Research on the Use of Dispersants and
Chemical Treating Agents
FIELD RESEARCH ON THE USE OF DISPERSANTS
Cormack, D.
RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF OIL SPILLS ON BEACHES
AND OPEN WATER
Dorrler, J. S., and L. McCarthy
Session: Biological Response of Marine Organisms Subjected
to Spilled Oil and Chemical Control Agents
BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS OF CONTROLLING MARINE OIL SPILLS WITH
CHEMICALS--A CASE FOR CAUTION
Wells, P. G.
BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS OF CONTROLLING MARINE OIL SPILLS WITH
CHEMICALS-ARE WE TOO CAUTIOUS?
Penrose, W. R.
LABORATORY STUDIES OF THE LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF
OIL
Ordzie, C. J.
FFI contact Dr. Alexander M. Cruickshank, Director, Gordon
Research Conferences, Pastore Chemical Laboratory, University
of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881
184
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SEPT 5-8 *3rd Offshore North Sea Technology Conference and Exhibition,
Stavanger, Norway, 1978
Sponsored by Norwegian Petroleum Society (NPS)
Oil pollution related topics include risk analysis in offshore
operations and blow-out prevention.
FFI contact ONS '78 Conference Office, c/o Norwegian Petroleum
Society, Kronprinsensgate 9, Oslo 2, Norway
SEPT 6-8 *OCEANS '78 Conference, Washington, DC, 1978
Sponsored by Marine Technology Society (MTS)
Theme: "The Ocean Challenge" emphasizes utilizing the oceans'
resources to sustain and enhance the quality of life on earth.
Paper topics will include water quality/pollution, offshore
facilities, remote sensing, and ocean surveillance/enforcement.
FFI contact Marine Technology Society, 1730 M Street NW,
Washington, DC 20036
SEPT 26-30 International Oil Pollution Prevention Exhibition and
Conference, Hamburq, Federal Republic of Germany, 1978
Topics include government and legislative oil pollution
activity, technical methods of prevention and cleanup, and
legal and financial responsibility for pollution incidents.
FFI contact IOPPEC, Hamburg Messe und Congress GmbH,
Postfach 302 320, d-2000 Hamburg, GFR
OCT 8-13 Disposal of Oil and Related Materials and Debris Resulting
from a Spill Cleanup Operation, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1978
Sponsored by Committee F-20 on Spill Control Systems of the
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
The symposium will investigate the subject, examining the
current state-of-the-art, identifying weaknesses, and review-
ing disposal procedures. Participants will contribute to the
development of universal guidelines and standards of disposal
procedures. Paper topics include emergency handling and
storage of oily wastes, disposal techniques, legislation,
and equipment.
FFI contact Sam W. Bowman, ASTM, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia,
PA 19103
OCT 25-28 3rd International Symposium on Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
Columbus, Ohio, 1978
Sponsored by the Battelle Columbus Laboratories
185
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Oil Pollution Related Papers
Session 4: Chemistry
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED PAHS IN AQUEOUS
EFFLUENT BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Wilkinson, J. E., P. E. Strup, and P. W. Jones
Session 6: Chemistry
PAHS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES IN THE MARINE ECOSYSTEM
Hardy, R.
Session 8: Chemistry
DEVELOPMENT OF AN AQUEOUS POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDRO-
CARBON REFERENCE MATERIAL
May, W. E., J. M. Brown, S. N. Chesler, F. Guenther,
H. S. Hertz, and S. A. Wise
FFI contact Peter W. Jones, Symposium Chairperson, Battelle
Institute, Columbus Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio 43201
186
-------
MASTER LIST OF KEYWORDS
S:
SA:
See
See
also
Absorption
Activated sludge
Acute effects
Adriatic Sea
Adsorption
Aegean Sea
Africa
Alabama
Alaska
Alaska coast
Alaska, Gulf of
Algae ... SA: Phytoplankton
Analytical techniques ...
SA: Chemical analysis; Source
identification
Animals
Annelida ... SA: Polychaetes
Antarctica
API
Arabian Sea
Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Argentina
Argo Merchant Spill
Aromatic hydrocarbons ...
SA: Hydrocarbons; PAH
Asia
Atlantic coast
Atlantic Ocean
Australia
Bacteria
Bahamas
Ballast
Baltic Sea
Bantry Bay
Barent Sea
Baseline studies
Beaches
Beaufort Sea
Behavior
Belgium
Bengal, Bay of
Benthos
Bering Sea
Bibliographies
Bilges
Biodegradation
Biological effects ... SA:
Toxicity; Acute effects;
Chronic effects
Biological treatment
Biomass
Birds
Biscay, Bay of
Black Sea
BLM
Blowout prevention
Blowouts
Book review
Booms
Brazil
California
California, Southern
Canada
Carcinogens ... SA: Health Hazards;
PAH
Caribbean Sea
Caspian Sea
Chedabucto Bay
Chemical Analysis ... SA: Analytical
techniques; Source identification
Chemical effects
Chesapeake Bay
Chile
China
Chromatography
Chronic effects
Coalescence
Coasts
Colorado
Compensation
Connecticut
Conservation
Contaminants
Contamination
Contingency planning
Corals
Coral reefs
Cost analysis
Crankcase oil
Crude oil
Crustaceans
Decomposition
187
-------
Delaware
Delaware Bay
Denmark
Design-engineering
Detection ... SA: Monitoring;
Chemical analysis
Development ... SA: Offshore
development
Dispersants
Dispersions
Disposal ... SA: Waste oil
disposal; Wastewater disposal
Distillation
Distribution
DOE
Drift ... SA: Movement; Spreading
Drilling ... SA: Offshore drilling;
Oil wells
East China Sea
Echinoderms
Economic effects
Economics ... SA: Cost analysis
Ecosystems
Ecuador
Effluent treatment ...
S: Wastewater treatment
EIS
Ekofisk blowout
Emulsification
Emulsifiers
Emulsions
Engineering ... S: Design-
engineering
England
English Channel
Environmental deterioration
Environmental effects
Environmental Impact Statement ...
S: EIS
Environmental management
Environmental protection
EPA
Equipment ... SA: Product information
ERDA
Estuaries
Evaporation
Exploration ... SA: Offshore
exploration; Production
Extraction
Fate
FEA
Filtration ... SA: Flocculation;
Ultrafiltration
Finland
Fish
Fisheries
Flocculation ... SA: Filtration
Florida
Flotation
Food web
Foreign governments
Fossil fuels
France
Freshwater
Fuel oil
Fuels
Fungi
Gas, liquid chromatography ...
S: Chromatography
Gasoline
Georges Bank
Georgia
Germany, East
Germany, West
Gibralter, Strait of
Government agencies ... SA: US
Government, State governments
Gravity separation
Great Lakes
Greenland
Groundwater
Growth
Guidelines ... SA: Manuals
Habitats
Harbors
Health hazards ... SA: Carcinogens
Hydrocarbons ... SA: Aromatic
hydrocarbons; Crude oil; PAH
Ice
Illinois
IMCO
Incineration
India
Indian Ocean
Indonesia
Industries ... SA: Oil industry
Information systems
Infrared spectroscopy ...
S: Spectroscopy
Inland
Insurance
International agreements
188
-------
International conventions ...
SA: Regulations; Legislation
Intertidal zone
Invertebrates
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Japan, Sea of
Kentucky
Korea/South
Kuwait
Labrador Sea
Lakes ... SA: Great Lakes
Latin America
Law enforcement
Leakage
Legislation ... SA: Regulations;
International conventions
Liability
Louisiana
Lubricating oil
Magellan, Strait of
Maine
Malaysia
Manuals ... SA: Guidelines
Marine mammals
Marine organisms
Marshes
Maryland
Massachusetts
Mass spectroscopy ...
S: Spectroscopy
Mediterranean Sea
Metabolism
Metula spill
Mexico
Mexico, Gulf of
Michigan
Microorganisms ... SA: Algae;
Bacteria; Fungi; Yeasts
Middle East
Mississippi
Mississippi River
Models
Moll usks
Monitoring ... SA: Detection;
Remote sensing; Sampling
Mortality
Movement ... SA: Spreading; Drift
Narragansett Bay
Natural seepage
Netherlands
Neuston
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Niches
NOAA
North Carolina
North Sea
North Vietnam
Norway
Norwegian Sea
Oceans
DCS
Offshore development
Offshore drilling
Offshore exploration
Offshore production
Ohio
Oil ... S: Crude oil; Fuel oil;
lubricating oil; Crankcase oil;
Waste oil
Oil discharges
Oil fields ... SA: Production
Oil-gas leasing
Oil industry
Oil shale
Oil slicks
Oil spills
Oil tanks
Oil terminals
Oil transfer
Oil transport
Oil-water separation ... SA:
Wastewater treatment
Oil wells ... SA: Drilling; production;
Offshore drilling; Offshore production
Okhotsk, Sea of
Olympic Games spill
Onshore impacts
Oregon
Oxidation ... SA: Biodegradation;
Weathering
Pacific Ocean
PAH
Patent
Pennsylvania
189
-------
Personnel training
Petrochemicals
Petroleum ... S: Crude oil
Petroleum industry ... S: Oil industry
Petroleum products
pH control
Philippines
Physical effects
Phytoplankton
Pipelines
Plankton ... SA: Phytoplankton;
Zooplankton
Plants ... SA: Vegetation
Platforms
Poland
Pollution control
Pollution prevention ... SA:
Environmental protection;
Contingency planning
Polychaetes
Ports
Portugal
Precipitation
Product information ...
SA: Equipment
Production ... SA: Offshore
production; Drilling;
Offshore drilling
Prudhoe Bay
Puerto Rico
Puget Sound
Reclamation ... SA: Recycling;
Reuse
Recycling ... SA: Reclamation;
Reuse
Red Sea
Refineries
Refining
Regulations ... SA: Legislation;
International conventions
Release
Remote sensing ... SA: Monitoring;
Detection
Reproduction
Residual Oils
Resource Management
Restoration
Reuse ... SA: Reclamation;
Recycling
Rhine River
Rhode Island
Rivers
Ross Sea
Safety
Sampling ... SA: Monitoring;
Detection
San Francisco Bay
Santa Barbara Channel
Sargasso Sea
Saudi Arabia
Scotland
Sea surface
Seawater
Sedimentation
Sediments
Segregated ballast
Ships ... SA: Tankers
Shorelines
Sinking agents
Skimmers
Sludge ... SA: Activated sludge
Social effects
Socio-economic effects
Soil
Solid wastes
Solubility
Solution
Solvents
Source identification
Sources
South Africa
South Carolina
South China Sea
Spain
Spectrometry
Spectroscopy
Spill cleanup
Spill containment
Spill disposal
Spill recovery
Spreading ... SA: Movement; Drift
St. Lawrence River
Standing crop
State governments ... SA: US
Government; Government agencies
Statistical analysis
Statistics
Storage
Streams
Subarctic regions
Sublethal effects
Superports ... S: Ports
Supertankers ... S: Tankers
Surfactants
190
-------
. SA: State
Government
Surveillance
Sweden
Syria
Tankers ... SA: Ships
Tar
Tar sands
Texas
Torrey Canyon
Toxicity ... SA:
Tropical regions
Turkey
UK
Ultrafiltration
UN
Uptake
Urquiola spill
US
USCG
US Government ..
governments
agencies
USGS
USN
USSR
Vegetation ..
Venezuela
Vertebrates
Vietnam
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Washington
Waste oil
Waste oil treatment
Wastewaters
Wastewater treatment
Water quality
Water soluble fractions
S: WSF
Weathering
Weddell Sea
West Indies
Wildlife
WSF
Yeasts
Yugoslavia
Zooplankton
Biological effects
SA: Filtration
SA: Plants
191
-------
SUBJECT INDEX
THE SUBJECT INDEX IS A PERMUTED INDEX THAT LISTS ALPHABETICALLY THE
KEYWORDS AND CORRESPONDING CITATION NUMBER ASSIGNED TO EACH ABSTRACT
IN SECTION I (C- -78) AND IN SECTION II (R- -78). THESE KEY-
WORDS ARE SELECTED FROM THE MASTER LIST, P. . FREE LANGUAGE
TERMS WHICH ARE INCLUDED TO GIVE MORE SPECIFIC INFORMATION ABOUT AN
ENTRY ARE PRECEDED BY AN * SIGN IN THE SUBJECT INDEX.
0391
0401
0403
0415
0420
0421
0424
0426
0456
0489
0668
0463
0685
0686
0537
0556
0563
0580
0586
R025
R045
0371
0416
0417
0425
0427
0449
0464
0466
0483
0484
0486
0489
0490
0496
0668
R034
0314
0350
0435
0507
0572
R033
KB43
R045
0409
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,
ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, *FORBENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
ABSORPTION, FUEL OIL, SPILL CLEANUP, 'POLYURETHANE FOAM,
ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, EQUIPMENT, *PCLYPROPYLENE,
ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, *PINE CHIPS,
ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TANKS, EMULSIONS, *DETERGENTS,
ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, *COCONUT SHELL,
ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *TREE BARK CHIPS,
ABSORPTION, PRODUCT INFORMATION, SPILL CLEANUP, *VISCOUS OIL SOREENT TYPE 356,
ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, EMULSIONS, PRECIPITATION, PATENT,
ABSORPTION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION, PATENT, *SILICATE SORBENTS ,
ABSORPTION, ADSORPTION, BEHAVIOR, PLANKTON , *BENZENE,
ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL INDUSTRY, PETROCHEMICALS, BIODEGRADATION,
JAPAN,
ACTIVATED SLUDGE,
COST ANALYSIS,
ACTIVATED SLUDGE,
COST ANALYSIS,
ACUTE EFFECTS, BIRDS, *SEABIRDS , MORTALITY, BEHAVIOR, OIL SLICKS, DISPERSANTS,
ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, WSF, FUEL OIL, ZOOPLANKTON, MORTALITY,
ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, METABOLISM, FISH, INVERTEBRATES, CHRONIC
EFFECTS,
ACUTE EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, DISPERSANTS, EMULSIONS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CRUSTACEANS,
*COPEPODS, *TISBE BULBISETOSA,
ACUTE EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, FISH, TOXICITY, *MUGIL CEPHALUS,
ACUTE EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, OIL DISCHARGES, CHRONIC EFFECTS, SAMPLING, SEAWATER,
SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY,
ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, MORTALITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MARINE
ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA,
ADSORPTION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SOIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
ADSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT *PINE PULP,
ADSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, *PINE CHIPS,
ADSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, *SORBENT FOAM,
ADSORPTION, SEAWATER, PATENT, *RESIN FILAMENT,
ADSORPTION, PETROCHEMICALS, INDUSTRIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, BIODEGRADATICN,
OXIDATION, *ACTIVATED CARBON,
ADSORPTION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,
POWDER,
ADSORPTION,
ADSORPTION,
SPILL DISPOSAL, PATENT, 'MAGNETIC
EQUIPMENT, 'ACTIVATED CARBON,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL INDUSTRY,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT,
ADSORPTION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATEPS, PATENT, *POLYETHLYLENE,
ADSORPTION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATERS, PATENT, *DIATOMITE, *ZEOLITE,
ADSORPTION, ABSORPTION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT, 'SILICATE SOPBENTS,
ADSORPTION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT, *FIBER SHEET, "TURBINE OIL,
ADSORPTION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT, 'FIBERS,
ADSORPTION, ABSORPTION, BEHAVIOR, PLANKTON , 'BENZENE,
ADSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, TOXICITY, 'ACTIVATED CARBON, 'BIOASSAY,
AFRICA, CONTAMINATION, COASTS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
ALASKA, SAMPLING, DISTRIBUTION, MOLLUSKS, BASELINE STUDIES, PORTS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
'MACOMA BALTHICA,
ALASKA, OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, TANKERS, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, WATER QUALITY,
US, EPA,
ALASKA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, COMPENSATION, EPA, NCAA,
ALASKA, BASELINE STUDIES, OIL TERMINALS, DISTRIBUTION,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, 'MACOMA BALTHICA,
ALASKA, PIPELINES, WATER QUALITY, MONITORING, STREAMS,
ALASKA, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, MARSHES, ECOSYSTEMS, BASELINE STUDIES,
ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, MORTALITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
MARINF ORGANISMS, CHPOMIC EFFECTS,
ALASKA/GULF OF, PRODUCT INFORMATION, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, 'CLEAN SWEEP SKIMMER,
MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 'TAPS,
192
-------
R047
0547
0551
0583
0584
0703
R048
0339
0356
0367
0369
0373
0380
0454
0568
0571
0642
0652
R021
R026
0541
0566
0575
0608
0616
0657
0659
0663
0665
0671
R054
0617
0660
0684
0360
0361
0485
0544
0550
0554
0647
0661
0663
0614
0653
0340
0344
0354
0622
063?
0634
ALASKA/GULF OF, NATURAL SEEPAGE, CHRONIC EFFECTS. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL
EFFECTS. INTERTIDAL ZONE,
ALGAE, WSF, CRUDE OIL, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS. *FUCUS SERRATUS, *ZYGOTE DEVELOPMENT,
ALGAE, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY, »COLLECTANTS,
ALGAE, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, WSF, GROWTH, *PHENALEN-1-ONE,
ALGAE, CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MORTALITY. BEHAVIOR,
MICROORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES,
ALGAE, HYDROCARBONS , ZOOPLANKTON, BIOMASS, FOOD WEB, «BIOGENIC ORIGIN,
DETECTION, TOXICITY, *BIOASSAY, "CULTURES,
. REMOTE SENSING, OIL SPILLS, DETECTION, "BACKSCATTERING
ALGAE, HYDROCARBONS ,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUES,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
SEAWATER,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
•THERMAL ANALYSIS,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
»TELEDYNE,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
ANALYSIS,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
•COMPARISONS,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SURFACTANTS, HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION,
CRUDE OIL, SEDIMENTS, DETECTION, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING. SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, BOOK REVIEW,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, *OIL-IN-WATER ANALYSIS. *PHOTOMETERS,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CONTAMINANTS, HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL
SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, »ENZYME TECHNOLOGY,
TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, EUROPE,
TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPERSANTS, EUROPE, BOOK REVIEW,
BIODEGRADATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS,
SPILL CLEANUP, BLOWOUT
ECOSYSTEMS, USSR,
CRUDE OIL. FUEL OIL, FATE, SEA SURFACE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
MONITORING, MANUALS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS, EPA,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER,
FRESHWATER, *IN SITU ANALYSIS,
ARCTIC, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, US, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
PREVENTION, PIPELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
ARCTIC, DISTRIBUTION, METABOLISM, *ABUNDANCE, BENTHOS,
ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL, OIL SPILLS, FRESHWATER, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PLANKTON , CHRONIC
EFFECTS, 'INSECTS, 'COASTAL TUNDRA PONDS,
ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY, WEATHERING, ICE, ECOSYSTEMS. SEDIMENTS,
ARCTIC, HYDROCARBONS , PETROLEUM PRODUCES, MARINE ORGANISMS, OCEANS, SUBARCTIC
REGIONS, FATE, SOURCES.
ARCTIC, GUIDELINES, OIL SPILLS, FATE, BEHAVIOR, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA,
•SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE STUDIES,
ARCTIC, BEHAVIOR, CRUDE OIL, ICE, "OIL-ICE INFRACTIONS,
ARCTIC, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, FATE, CRUDE OIL,
MICROORGANISMS,
ARCTIC, WEATHERING, OIL SPILLS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION, TOXICITY,
ARCTIC, BEHAVIOR. CRUDE OIL, ICE, »OIL-IN-ICE,
ARCTIC. BLOWOUTS, FATE, BEHAVIOR, 'FLOW STRUCTURE,
ARCTIC, BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, BASELINE STUDIES,
DECOMPOSITION, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, NOAA , CHRONIC EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS, FISH,
ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FATE, SOURCES, TORREY CANYON, "FLORIDA,
ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS, LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT, COMPENSATION,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CHROMATQGRAPHY , PAH,
FUEL OIL, DETECTION. MOLLUSKS, UK. "MYTILUS EDULIS,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS ,
UPTAKE, MARINE ORGANISMS, ZOOPLANKTON. "COPEPODS. "RADIOLABELED
CARCINOGENS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HEALTH HAZARDS,
CRUDE OIL, UPTAKE, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROMETRY, BIRDS,
"ANAS
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
FILTRATION ,
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
NAPHTHALENES,
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
PLATYRHYNCHOS,
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
BAY.
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, FATE, BIODEGRADATION, CRUSTACEANS, PHYTOPLANKTON ,
SEDIMENTATION, "NAPHTHALENES,
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ARCTIC. WEATHERING, OIL SPILLS, BIODEGRADATION,
ATLANTIC COAST, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CONTAMINATION, FISH, FISHERIES, COASTS,
ATLANTIC BIGHT,
ATLANTIC COAST, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS, BEACHES. GEORGES BANK, USGS.
ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING. TAR, OCEANS, NEUSTON , DISTRIBUTION. INDIAN OCEAN. "NEUSTONIC
PERIPHYTON.
ATLANTIC OCEAN.
ATLANTIC OCEAN,
BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, BACTERIA, SEDIMENTS. CHESAPEAKE
"MIDDLE
HYDROCARBONS,
ATLANTIC OCEAN,
SAMPLING, TAR, CHROMATOGRAPHY, DISTRIBUTION. »COMPOSITION, "WEIGHT.
SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS "NOVA SCORIA, »GULF STREAM. "BIOGENIC
. OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS. OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EFFECTS. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
ATLANTIC OCEAN.
EFFECTS.
OCS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, TANKERS. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC
193
-------
063? ATLANTIC OCEAN, CCS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
0636 ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, "WORKSHOP,
0641 ATLANTIC OCEAN, BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS , MICROORGANISMS, BACTERIA,
SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER,
0662 ATLANTIC OCEAN, TAR, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, SEA SURFACE, SARGASSO SEA, *NORTH ATLANTIC,
0111 AUSTRALIA, SPILL CLEANUP, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, OIL INDUSTRY,
DISPERSANTS.
0113 BACTERIA, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SPILL CLEANUP. DISPERSANTS, SEAWATER. FRESHWATER, PATENT,
0545 BACTERIA, CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, TOXICITY, UPTAKE, METABOLISM, CANADA,
0640 BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, *TAXONOMY,
•ECOLOGY, CHESAPEAKE BAY,
0641 BACTERIA, ATLANTIC OCEAN, BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS , MICROORGANISMS,
SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER,
0644 BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS , SOIL, FUNGI. "LEAD,
0647 BACTERIA, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS. CHESAPEAKE
BAY,
0699 BACTERIA. CHEMICAL EFFECTS, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. 'BACTERIUM
ALBUM, *PHENOL,
R055 BACTERIA. BIODEGRADATION, 'MARINE PROTOZOA, 'MICROSOMES,
0322 BALLAST , MONITORING, BILGES, SHIPS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING. DETECTION, PRODUCT
INFORMATION. «OIL CONTENT ANALYSER,
0323 BALLAST , MONITORING, PRODUCT INFORMATION. POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT, »BABCOCK
CONTROLS,
0441 BALLAST . TANKERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, IMCO, REGULATIONS, 'COMPUTER METHODS,
0448 BALLAST . WASTEWATER TREATMENT, BILGES, TANKERS, 'SHORE FACILITIES,
0470 BALLAST . OIL DISCHARGES. TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SLUDGE , 'CRUDE OIL WASHING,
0518 BALLAST . TANKERS, OIL TANKS, CRUDE OIL, POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'LOAD-ON-TOP, 'CRUDE
OIL WASHING,
0319 BALTIC SEA, SAMPLING, STATISTICS. BIRDS, COASTS, POLAND,
0341 BALTIC SEA, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
0559 BALTIC SEA, CRUDE OIL, MOLLUSKS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,
0585 BALTIC SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIRDS, MORTALITY, COASTS, POLAND, 'CLANGULA HYEMALIS,
0613 BALTIC SEA, CONTAMINATION. CHRONIC EFFECTS. CHEMICAL EFFECTS, 'OXYGEN DEFICIENCY,
0349 BASELINE STUDIES, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS . OCEANS, SEA SURFACE, »COASTAL WATERS.
'SHIPPING LANES,
0350 BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, SAMPLING, DISTRIBUTION. MOLLUSKS. PORTS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
'MACOMA BALTHICA,
0572 BASELINE STUDIES. ALASKA, OIL TERMINALS, DISTRIBUTION, MOLLUSKS. INTERTIDAL ZONE,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, 'MACOMA BALTHICA.
0574 BASELINE STUDIES. METULA SPILL. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. CRUDE OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS.
MORTALITY, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF,
0679 BASELINE STUDIES, GUIDELINES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, OIL-GAS LEASING.
R043 BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, MARSHES, ECOSYSTEMS,
R054 BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC, BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM,
DECOMPOSITION, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
0504 BEACHES. PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION, COASTS, CANADA, 'PRINCE
EDWARD ISLAND. 'SEMINAR,
06^3 BEACHES. ATLANTIC COA3T. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS, GEORGES BANK. USGS,
0616 BEAUFORT SEA. ARCTIC, GUIDELINES. OIL SPILLS. FATE, BEHAVIOR. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
'SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE STUDIES,
0703 BEAUFCR'1' SEA, ICE, »TOPOGRAPHY, SPILL CONTAINMENT,
0537 BEHAVIOR, ACUTE EFFECTS, BIRDS, 'SEA3IRDS , MORTALITY, OIL SLICKS, DISPERSANTS,
0559 BEHAVIOR, BALTIC SEA, CRUDE OIL, MOLLUSKS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS.
0584 BEHAVIOR, ALGAE. CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCES. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MORTALITY.
MICROORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES,
0589 BEHAVIOR, MOVEMENT, SPREADING, ICE, OIL SPILLS, FATE, MASSACHUSSETTS, 'BUZZARDS BAY,
0609 BEHAVIOR, SOURCES, FATE, OIL SLICKS, OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, BIOLOGICAL
EFFECTS. RED SEA,
0616 BEHAVIOR, BEAUFORT SEA. ARCTIC, GUIDELINES, OIL SPILLS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
'SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE STUDIES,
0657 BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL, ICE. 'OIL-ICE INTERACTIONS,
0665 BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL, ICE. 'OIL-IN-ICE,
066« BEHAVIOR. ADSORPTION, ABSORPTION, PLANKTON , 'BENZENE.
0671 BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, BLOWOUTS, FATE, 'FLOW 3TRUCTURE,
R040 BEHAVIOR, HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS. FUEL OIL, CHRONIC
EFFECTS. 'CHEMORECEPTION.
R041 BEHAVIOR, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. OIL SHALE. 'DRILLING FLUIDS. CORALS. METABOLISM,
MEXICO/GULF OF,
BENTHOS, SAMPLING. HYDROCARBONS . SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS. JPTAKE. FATE.
BENTHOS, ARCTIC, DISTRIBUTION. METABOLISM. 'ABUNDANCE, ECOSYSTEMS. USSR.
BENTHOS. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FATE, CONTAMI NATIOfi , PLANKTON , MODELS,
BENTHOS, CONTAMINATION, REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS. CHRONIC EFFECTS.
3ENTHOS, FISH, riYDROCASBONS , CONTAMINATION. 3EDIME.rrS. 'PETROLEUM TAINTS.
194
-------
R0«9
0597
0685
0686
0687
0688
0689
0690
0691
0692
0693
069^
0322
0333
0448
0453
0475
0480
0487
0365
0447
0449
0455
C463
0542
0552
0599
0640
064 1
0642
064?
0644
0645
0646
0047
0654
0656
0659
0661
0663
R042
R053
R054
SO"
0530
0534
0^36
MAGELLAN/STRAIT
CRUDE OIL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
INDUSTRIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,
INDUSTRIES,
INDUSTRIES,
POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT, *OZONE,
ULTRAFILTRATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
INDUSTRIES
INDUSTRIES
ULTRAFILTRATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
ULTRAFILTRATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
REATMENT, GUIDELINES, STANDARDS,
BENTHOS, METULA SPILL, CONTAMINATION, SEDIMENTS. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
OF,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MONITORING,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES,
COST ANALYSIS,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES,
COST ANALYSIS,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, *OZONE,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, *MEMBRANES,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING. "MEMBRANES,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "MEMBRANES,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS. WASTEWATER
POLLUTION CONTROL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ECONOMICS, POLLUTION CONTROL, COST ANALYSIS, INDUSTRIES, WASTEWATER
TREATMENT.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SPILL CLEANUP. EQUIPMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SPREADING. DISPERSANTS.
BILGES, BALLAST , MONITORING, SHIPS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, DETECTION, PRODUCT
INFORMATION, »CIL CONTENT ANALYSER,
BILGES, MONITORING. SHIPS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING. DETECTION, »CARBON ANALYSIS,
BILGES, BALLAST , WASTEWATER TREATMENT, TANKERS, *SHORE FACILITIES,
BILGES, ULTRAFILTRATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT. FUEL OIL, LUBRICATING OIL,
BILGES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "PETROLEUM BARGES, "CLEANING
FACILITIES,
BILGES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FUELS , LUBRICATING OIL, FILIATION , SHIPS,
BILGES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATERS, FILTRATION , PATENT. "POLYPROPYLENE FIBER.
BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS , CHROMATOGRAPHY, MONITORING,
BIODEGRADATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT. WASTE OIL TREATMENT. OIL SPILLS, PETROCHEMICALS,
MICROORGANISMS. INDUSTRIES.
BIODEGRADATION. ADSORPTION, PETROCHEMICALS. INDUSTRIES. WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
OXIDATION, *ACTIVATED CARBON.
BIODEGRADATION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT. DISPOSAL , INDUSTRIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
RECLAMATION,
BIODEGRADA^ION, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL INDUSTRY, PETROCHEMICALS,
JAPAN,
BIODEGRADATION. CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, TANKERS, MICROORGANISMS,
BIODEGRADATION, SPILL CLEANUP, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. FISH, UPTAKE, RELEASE, DISPERSANTS,
CALIFORNIA,
BIODEGRADATION
RELEASE,
BIODEGRADA^ION
"ECOLOGY,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CARCINOGENS, MORTALITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, UPTAKE,
BACTERIA, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, "TAXONOMY,
HESAPEAKE BAY,
BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, ATLANTI
SEDIMENTS. SEAWATER.
BIODEGRADATION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
"COMPARISONS,
BIODEGRADATION,
BIODEGRADATION.
BIODEGRADATION.
BIODEGRADATION,
BIODEGRADATION.
BAY.
3IODEGRADATION,
DISPERSANTS,
BIODEGRADATION,
BIODEGRADATION ,
OCEAN, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS .
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CRUDE OIL.
MICROORGANISMS,
MICROORGANISMS',
UPTAKE, FATE. "DEGRADATIVE CAPACITY,
BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS , SOIL, FUNGI, "LEAD.
FUEL OIL, PHYTOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON, DISTRIBUTION, ECOSYSTEMS,
CRUDE OIL, FUELS , SEAWATER, MICROORGANISMS. POLLUTION CONTROL,
BACTERIA, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS. CHESAPEAKE
SOURCES, CONTAMINATION, FATE . SPILL CLEANUP, SINKING AGENTS,
HYDROCARBONS
SOIL, FATE,
FATE. CRUDE OIL.
RUSTACEANS, PHYTOPLANKTON ,
OXICITY.
ARCTIC. PHYSICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS,
MICROORGANISMS.
BIODEGRADATION. AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, FATE,
SEDIMENTATION, »N APHTHALENES ,
BIODEGRADATION. AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, 4RCTC, WEATHERING, OIL SPILLS,
BICDEGRADATION , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS. FRESHWATER. OIL SLICKS,
MICROORGANISMS, "STABILITY,
BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, DISTRI BITION , OCEANS,
BIODEGRADATION, BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM.
DECOMPOSITION , SUBARCTIC REGIONS.
BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA. "MARINE PROTOZOA , "MICROSOMES.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. BIRDS. CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, REPRODUCTICN , "EGG HATCHA3IL ITY .
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SURFAC" ANTS . MICROORGANISMS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. HYDROCARBONS . FUELS . FUEL OIL. MCLLUSKS. "fY^ILUS ^DULIS,
INTAKE,
FOOD
I 95
-------
0539
0548
0551
0552
0560
0562
0564
0566
0576
0578
0581
0582
C584
0585
0598
0601
0606
0609
0618
0637
0699
0704
R033
R041
R042
R044
R047
R049
R051
0703
0319
0429
0430
0530
0537
0554
0555
0565
0579
0585
0567
0612
0515
0526
0337
0594
0671
0369
0431
0562
0568
0571
0676
0383
0385
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS, MORTALITY, OIL SPILLS, MAINE, »CLAMS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FISH, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, SURFACTANTS,
ALGAE, DISPERSANTS, TOXICITY, »COLLECTANTS,
BIOPEGRADATION, SPILL CLEANUP,
FISH, UPTAKE, RELEASE, DISPERSANTS,
ECHINODERMS, 'SEA URCHIN EGGS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CALIFORNIA,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
'FERTILIZATION, 'BIO-INDICATORS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, BOOK REVIEW,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , OCEANS, FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, 'PROCEEDINGS ICES
WORKSHOP,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL, OIL SPILLS, FRESHWATER, PLANKTON , CHRONIC
EFFECTS, 'INSECTS, 'COASTAL TUNDRA PONDS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, FATE, CONTAMINATION, PLANKTON , MODELS,
HYDROCARBONS , FUELS, LAKES , 'OUTBOARD MOTOR EXHAUST,
FISH, MORTALITY, 'MINNOWS, 'GOLDFISH, 'NORADRENALINE LEVELS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
•BRAIN TISSUES,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
«BENZO(A)PYRENE,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS.
MICROORGANISMS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
EFFECTS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS.
CONTROL, RED SEA
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, 'DRILLING MUDS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, TANKERS, PORTS, OIL TERMINALS, SOURCES, UK,
NORTH SEA, 'CELTIC SEA,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, 'BACTERIUM
ALBUM, 'PHENOL,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HEALTH HAZARDS, 'MINERAL OIL,
ALASKA, PIPELINES, WATER QUALITY, MONITORING, STREAMS, FISH, 'TAPS.
BEHAVIOR, OIL SHALE, 'DRILLING FLUIDS, CORALS, METABOLISM,
HYDROCARBONS , FISH, FOOD WEB, METABOLISM, UPTAKE, 'HEXADECANE,
BEHAVIOR. ALGAE, CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY,
INVERTEBRATES,
BALTIC SEA, BIRDS, MORTALITY, COASTS, POLAND, 'CLANGULA HYEMALIS.
SOURCES, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL
SOURCES, SAMPLING, FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, 'REVIEW,
CONTAMINANTS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, FISH, PACIFIC OCEAN, INDUSTRIES,
BEHAVIOR, SOURCES, FATE, OIL SLICKS, OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
MEXICO/GULF OF,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
MICROORGANISMS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIODEGRADATION,
'STABILITY,
HYDROCARBONS ,
ECOSYSTEMS, FRESHWATER, OIL SLICKS,
TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, OCEANS, 'BIO-INDICATORS,
NATURAL SEEPAGE, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF
EFFECTS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, METULA SPILL, CONTAMINATION, SEDIMENTS, MAGELLAN/STRAIT
OF,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROCHEMICALS, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
EXTRACTION, OIL TRANSPORT, 'DRILLING MUDS,
BIOMASS, ALGAE, HYDROCARBONS , ZOOPLANKTON, FOOD WEB, 'BIOGENIC ORIGIN,
BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, SAMPLING, STATISTICS. COASTS. POLAND,
BIRDS
BIRDS
BIRDS
BIRDS
RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, MANUALS, 'CARE 4 TREATMENT,
RESTORATION, WILDLIFE, MANUALS, GUIDELINES, 'OILED ANIMALS , 'CARE 4 TREATMENT,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, REPRODUCTION, 'EGG HATCHABILITY,
BEHAVIOR, ACUTE EFFECTS. 'SEABIRDS , MORTALITY, OIL SLICKS, DISPESSANTS,
BIRDS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE OIL, UPTAKE, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTRr,METRY, 'ANAS
PLATYRHYNCHOS,
BIRDS, CRUDE OIL. HYDROCARBONS , CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROMETRY, 'ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS,
BIRDS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, 'HERRING GULL.
BIRDS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, 'INGESTION, 'MALLARD DUCKS,
BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BALTIC SEA, MORTALITY, COASTS, POLAND, 'CLANGULA HYEMALIS,
BLACK SEA, HYDROCARBONS , MOLLUSKS, UPTAKE, 'MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS, 'PARAFFINS,
BLACK SEA, CONTAMINATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SEAWATER. 'BULGARIA,
BLOWOUT PREVENTION, ARCTIC, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, US, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL
CLEANUP, PIPELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
BLOWOUT PREVENTION, PRODUCT INFORMATION, SAFETY, «M4M 2000T SERIES NEEDLE VALVE,
BLOWOUTS. REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, 'NASA HEAT CAPACITY MAPPING MISSION,
BLOWOUTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, REGULATIONS. SAFETY, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, NORTH SEA,
UK,
BLOWOUTS, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, FATE, 'FLOW STRUCTURE,
BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
BOOK REVIEW, RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, ECOSYSTEMS, 'ECOLOGICAL DISASTERS.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY,
POLLUTION CONTROL. CONTAMINANTS,
BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, EQUIPMENT, PRODUCT
•LUCAN BOOM,
BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT. EQUIPMENT, PATENT,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPERSANTS, EUROPE,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPERSANTS, EUROPE,
LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT'S,
INFORMATION, TANKERS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
196
-------
0386
0388
0390
0414
0419
0422
0428
0509
0552
0590
0317
0320
0372
0501
0503
0504
0510
0545
0627
0682
0343
0549
0550
0599
0698
0705
R046
0326
0342
0356
0357
0358
0359
0360
0362
0363
0366
0363
0369
0370
0371
0372
0376
0380
0382
0476
0533
0542
0564
0597
0601
0640
0642
0649
BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT. PRODUCT INFORMATION. «BOA-BOOM II,
BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, EQUIPMENT, PATENT,
BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, "VATOR OY
CO,
BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, »WATER SPRAY BOOMS ,
BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RECOVERY, HARBORS, SKIMMERS. EPA, »TESTS,
BOOMS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, PATENT. *CRYOTHERMAL MATERIAL,
BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *VIKOMA OCEANPACK,
BOOMS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
"VIKOMA OCEANPACK,
CALIFORNIA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, SPILL CLEANUP, FISH, UPTAKE, RELEASE,
DISPERSANTS,
CALIFORNIA, OIL SPILLS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, COMPENSATION, "MONETARY
VALUES,
CANADA, OIL SPILLS, STATISTICS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, »NATES,
CANADA, OIL SLICKS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, SAMPLING, "BAFFIN ISLAND,
CANADA. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATERS, HYDROCARBONS , TAR SANDS, *OIL SANDS
EXTRACTION PLANT,
CANADA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP, COASTS, "ONSHORE CLEANUP,
CANADA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, OIL SPILLS,
INLAND, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
CANADA, BEACHES, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION, COASTS, "PRINCE
EDWARD ISLAND, "SEMINAR,
CANADA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP, COASTS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
CANADA, BACTERIA, CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, TOXICITY, UPTAKE, METABOLISM,
CANADA. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES, "LABRADOR SEA,
CANADA, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS. GREAT LAKES, WATER QUALITY, US, POLLUTION CONTROL,
CARCINOGENS, SAMPLING, CONTAMINATION, PAH, *CONTAMINANT REMOVAL,
PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, FOOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HEALTH HAZARDS,
BIODEGRADATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCES, MORTALITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, UPTAKE,
CARCINOGENS
CARCINOGENS
CARCINOGENS
RELEASE,
CARCINOGENS, PAH, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
CARCINOGENS, WATER QUALITY. PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, EXTRACTION,
CARCINOGENS, DETECTION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL SHALE, FISH.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MONITORING, DETECTION, POLLUTION CONTROL.
"BIOASSAY,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
SEAWATER,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
"CHLORINATION,
"BIOASSAY.
D1SPERSANTS,
:ITY,
BALTIC SEA, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS ,
SAMPLING, TAR, OCEANS, EQUIPMENT, "PLASTICS, "LITTER,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SURFACTANTS, HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION,
MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS ,
CHROMATOGRAPHY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION. "LUMINESCENCE ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS,
"BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, PAH.
SPECTROSCOPY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, EQUIPMENT,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS , DISPERSIONS,
DETECTION, CONTAMINANTS. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
CHROMATOGRAPHY, PAH, SOLUBILITY,
BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SAMPLING, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, TAR, SARGASSO SEA,
ADSORPTION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SOIL,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CANADA, WASTEWATERS, HYDROCARBONS , TAR SANDS. "OIL SANDS
EXTRACTION PLANT,
USCG, COMPENSATION, CONNECTICUT,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION. CONTAMINANTS,
:HEMICAL ANALYSIS.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS. USCG, SPECTROSCOPY,
rREATMENT. OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL INDUSTRY,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
HYDROCARBONS ,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHROMATOGRAPHY,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
PETROCHEMICALS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
WORKSHOP,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS.
CRUDE OIL, DETECTION, MONITORING,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , SOURCES. SAMPLING, FATE. "REVIEW,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. »TAXONOMY,
"ECOLOGY. CHESAPEAKE BAY,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CRUDE OIL. MICROORGANISMS.
"COMPARISONS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WEATHERING, FUEL OIL. EMULSIONS, SEAWATER.
WASTEWATER
"REVIEW,
HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY,
BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS ,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , OCEANS.
UPTAKE. RELEASE. WSF,
BANKERS. MICROORGANISMS,
FATE, "PROCEEDINGS ICES
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
197
-------
0652
0658
0696
0698
0700
R024
R025
R026
R035
0598
0613
0639
0659
0699
R047
0640
0647
0341)
0345
0353
0355
035d
0360
0364
0365
0368
0331
0382
0554
0555
0570
0573
0587
0651
0666
0522
0529
0563
0566
0572
0579
0580
0610
061 3
0617
0629
R025
R040
3045
3047
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES. CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, FATE, SEA SURFACE,
FATE, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS , WEATHERING, 'PHOTODEGRADATION,
HYDROCARBONS , 'BIOGENIC VS PETROLEUM,
CARCINOGENS, PAH,
DETECTION, HYDROCARBONS . 'SULFUR DETERMINATION,
DISPERSIONS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SAMPLING, 'QUANTITATION,
ACUTE EFFECTS, OIL DISCHARGES, CHRONIC EFFECTS, SAMPLING, SEAWATER,
SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER,
FRESHWATER, 'IN SITU ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, rtASTEWATER TREATMENT. REFINERIES, 'GC/MS,
CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, PHYSICAL
EFFECTS,
CHEMICAL EFFECTS,
CHEMICAL EFFECTS,
EXCHANGE,
CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, ARCTIC, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FATE, CRUDE OIL,
MICROORGANISMS,
CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, 'BACTERIUM
ALBUM, 'PHENOL,
CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF, NATURAL SEEPAGE, CHRONIC
EFFECTS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
CHESAPEAKE BAY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS,
'TAXONOMY, 'ECOLOGY,
CHESAPEAKE BAY, 3IODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS,
SEDIMENTS,
CHROMATOGRAPHY, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING
CHROMATOGRAPHY, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS ,
SEDIMENTS, 'N-ALKANES,
BALTIC SEA, CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, "OXYGEN DEFICIENCY.
OIL SLICKS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, SEA SURFACE, 'SURFACE FILMS, »GAS
TAR, DISTRIBUTION, 'COMPOSITION, 'WEIGHT,
SEA SURFACE, SEAWATER, DISTRIBUTION,
CHROMATOGRAPHY.
'N-ALKANES,
CHROMATOGRAPHY,
CHROMATOGRAPHY,
CHROMATOGRAPHY,
CHROMATOGRAPHY.
CHRCMATOGRAPHY,
CHRCMATOGRAPHY,
CHROMATOGRAPHY,
CHROMATOGRAPHY,
SPECTROSCOPY,
CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIRDS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE OIL, UPTAKE, SPECTROMETRY, 'ANAS
PLATYRHYNCHOS,
SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , PLANKTON , INVERTEBRATES, FISH, UK,
HYDROCARBONS , STANDARDIZATION METHODS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, 'LUMINESCENCE ANALYSIS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, PAH,
PAH, EXTRACTION, »HPLC, *LITERATURE SURVEY,
BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS . MONITORING,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PAH, SOLUBILITY,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CRUDE OIL, FUELS ,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS, USCG,
BIRDS, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS , SPECTROMETRY, »ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS,
HYDROCARBONS , SAMPLING, MOLLUSKS, SEDIMENTS, 'PECTEN YESSOENSIS,
CRUDE OIL, SPECTROSCOPY, MOLLUSKS, UPTAKE, 'OYSTERS, 'SULFUR COMPOUNDS,
:ONTAMINATION. MOLLUSKS, FISHERIES, RELEASE, METABOLISM. 'MUSSEL
CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, FATE, SEA SURFACE, SPECTROSCOPY, 'REFRACTIVE
TAR, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, WEATHERING, SARGASSO
HYDROCARBONS , MEDITERRANEAN SEA, TAR, BANKERS. SOURCES. POLLUTION
OIL SPILLS, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, MARSHES, TOXICITY, MASSACHUSETTS,
ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, METABOLISM, FISH,
CHROMATOGRAPHY
CHROMATOGRAPHY
CHROMATOGRAPHY
CHROMATOGRAPHY
CULTURES,
CHROMATOGRAPHY
INDEX,
CHROMATOGRAPHY
SEA
CHRONIC EFFECTS,
CONTROL,
CHRONIC EFFECTS,
•UCA PAGNAX,
CHRONIC EFFECTS,
INVERTEBRATES
CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL. OIL SPILLS, FRESHWATER,
PLANKTON , 'INSECTS, 'COASTAL TUNDRA PONDS,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, OIL TERMINALS, DISTRIBUTION, MOLLUSKS,
INTERTIDAL ZONE, 'MACOMA BALTHICA,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS, CRUDE OIL, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, 'INGESTION, 'MALLARD DUCKS,
CHRONIC £FFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, CRUDE GIL, DISPERSANTS. EMULSIONS, CRUSTACEANS,
'COPEPODS, »TISBE BUL3ISETOSA,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY, 'TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BALTIC SEA, CONTAMINATION, 'OXYGEN DEFICIENCY,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, NOAA, MARINE ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS. FISH,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, BENTHOS, CONTAMINATION, REFINERIES. WASTEWATERS,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. ACUTE EFFECTS, OIL DISCHARGES, SAMPLING, SEAWATER.
SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR. HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS. FUEL
OIL, *CHEMORECEPTION.
CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY. MOR~ALITY,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS. MARINE ORGANISMS,
CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF, NATURAL
SEEPAGE, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
I 98
-------
0446
03T*
0319
0325
0346
0347
0465
0501
0504
0510
0585
0595
0603
0614
0709
0376
0507
0590
0625
0675
0680
0684
0376
0366
0380
0606
0676
0314
0330
0343
0348
0443
0461
04b9
0549
0569
0576
0587
0588
0596
0602
0612
0613
0614
0626
0629
0638
0654
0673
R043
R049
041 1
0503
0506
0510
0594
COALESCENCE, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT. FLQTATION, "ELECTROLYSIS.
COASTS, AFRICA, CONTAMINATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
COASTS, BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, SAMPLING, STATISTICS, POLAND,
COASTS, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , SEAWATER, SAMPLING, FINLAND,
COASTS, SAMPLING, NATURAL SEEPAGE, HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, "TAIWAN,
COASTS, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , FISH. INVERTEBRATES, SEDIMENTS, GREENLAND,
COASTS, WASTEWATERS, DISPOSAL , REFINERIES. SPREADING, DISPERSIONS, GREAT LAKES.
MICHIGAN,
COASTS, CANADA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP, *ONSHORE CLEANUP,
COASTS, CANADA, BEACHES, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP. RESTORATION, "PRINCE
EDWARD ISLAND, *SEMINAR,
COASTS, CANADA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
COASTS, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BALTIC SEA, MORTALITY, POLAND, *CLANGULA HYEMALIS,
COASTS, ECOSYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SHORELINES, UK. MARINE ORGANISMS, TQXICITY,
COASTS. SEDIMENTS, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, METULA SPILL, SEDIMENTATION, *GEOMORPHOLOGY,
COASTS, ATLANTIC COAST, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CONTAMINATION, FISH, FISHERIES. "MIDDLE
ATLANTIC BIGHT.
COASTS, MODELS. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS, "POLLUTION SUSCEPTIBILITY,
COMPENSATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
ALASKA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP.
CALIFORNIA. OIL SPILLS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
COMPENSATION,
COMPENSATION,
VALUES,
COMPENSATION, OIL-GAS LEASING, FISHERIES,
COMPENSATION, LEGISLATION, US, LIABILITY,
SPILL FUND,
COMPENSATION, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, LIABILITY,
USCG, CONNECTICUT.
EQUIPMENT, EPA, NOAA.
MARINE ORGANISMS. "MONETARY
LEGISLATION, LIABILITY. OCS. GEORGES BANK,
OIL INDUSTRY, TANKERS, OIL TERMINALS, «OIL
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,
COMPENSATION, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS, LIABILITY. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,
CONNECTICUT, COMPENSATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION. USCG,
CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, DETECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
COHTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION ,
HYDROCARBONS .
CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. HYDROCARBONS , FATE, FISH, PACIFIC OCEAN. INDUSTRIES,
CONTAMINANTS. BOOK REVIEW, POLLUTION CONTROL. LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS.
CONTAMINATION, COASTS, AFRICA, POLLUTION CONTROL,
CONTAMINATION, MONITORING, NORTH SEA, "INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM,
CONTAMINATION. CARCINOGENS, SAMPLING, PAH, *CONTAMINANT REMOVAL,
CONTAMINATION, SAMPLING, EXTRACTION, SEAWATER, "N-ALKANE ANALYSES,
CONTAMINATION, OIL TANKS, STORAGE, "CORROSION.
CONTAMINATION, WASTEWAT£R TREATM£NT, PETROCHEMICALS, »STEAM CONDENSATE REUSE
CONTAMINATION. WASTE GIL, RECLAMATION, REFINING, "COMBUSTION,
CARCINOGENS, PAH. HEALTH HAZARDS, FOOD WEB. PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
FOOD WEB, SARGASSO SEA, *TRANSFER , "BIOGENIC
"MUSSEL
CONTAMINATION.
CONTAMINATION, HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS,
CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, FATE, PLANKTON , MODELS.
CONTAMINATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, MOLLUSKS, FISHERIES, RELEASE, METABOLISM,
CULTURES,
CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS. FUEL OIL, MOLLUSKS. UPTAKE. RELEASE, FRANCE, "PORT DE 3CUC
SPILL, "MUSSELS,
CONTAMINATION, SOURCES, LEGISLATION. POLLUTION CONTROL.
CONTAMINATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SEDIMENTS, NORWAY.
CONTAMINATION, BLACK SEA, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SEAWATER. "BULGARIA,
CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BALTIC SEA. "OXYGEN DEFICIENCY,
CONTAMINATION, COASTS. ATLANTIC COAST, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FISH. FISHERIES, "MIDDLE
ATLANTIC BIGHT,
CONTAMINATION, OIL SHALE, DEVELOPMENT , EXTRACTION,
HAZARDS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, RESTORATION,
CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS. BENTHOS. REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS,
CONTAMINATION, BENTHOS, FISH, HYDROCARBONS , SEDIMENTS, "PETROLEUM TAINTS,
CONTAMINATION, BIODEGRADATION. SOURCES, FATE, SPILL CLEANUP, SINKING AGENT;
DISPERSANTS,
CONTAMINATION, MODELS.
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. HEALTH
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, GROUNDWATER, "HYDRODYNAMICS,
CONTAMINATION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA. CRUDE OIL, MARSHES, ECOSYSTEMS,
CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, ME^ULA SPILL, SEDIMENTS, MAGELLAS/STRAI~
OF,
CONTINGENCY PLANNING. AUSTRALIA, SPILL CLEANUP, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES. OIL INDUSTRY,
DISPERSANTS,
CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, POLLUTION PREVENTION. OIL SPILLS.
INLAND, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
CONTROL COURSE,
CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
UK,
PERSONNEL TRAINING. POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP, "OIL 3PILL
COASTS, CANADA. OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP,
BLOWOUTS, POLLUTION ?REV£NTION, REGULATOR
199
-------
R041
0524
0525
0527
0605
0685
C6d6
0693
0321
0359
0367
0530
0532
0535
0540
0579
0530
0534
0566
0597
Oc.98
063:
064'
0642
0646
C651
06^2
06^7
06^3
Ob59
0665
HO "3
R054
J ^ ? 9
0543
CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, OIL SHALE, "DRILLING FLUIDS, METABOLISM,
MEXICO/GULF CF,
COST ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES,
SHIPS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL TRANSPORT, PORTS,
FISHERIES, NORTH SEA. OIL SPILLS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
CRUDE OIL
•CRUDE OIL
COST ANALYSIS,
COST ANALYSIS,
SAFETY,
COST ANALYSIS,
DEVELOPMENT,
COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES. ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT. INDUSTRIES.
POLLUTION CONTROL,
COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ECONOMICS, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES. WASTEWATER
TREATMENT,
CRUDE OIL, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL CLEANUP, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, NORTH SEA, NORWAY,
CRUDE OIL. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS,
"BICGENIC HYDROCARBONS.
CRUDE OIL. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES. SEDIMENTS, DETECTION, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
"THERMAL ANALYSIS,
CRUDE OIL, CHRCMATOGRAPHY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, FUELS .
CRUDE OIL, BALLAST , TANKERS, OIL TANKS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, "LOAD-ON-^OP, "CRUDE
OIL «A5HING.
CRUDE OIL. BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FUEL OIL, REPRODUCTION, "EGG HATCHABILITY,
CRUDE OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, FUEL OIL, METABOLISM, PEPRODUCTION, GROWTH,
CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, WSF, FUEL OIL. WASTE OIL, MOLLUSKS, MORTALITY, "MERCENARIA,
CRUDE OIL, "BENZENE, FISH, METABOLISM, GROWTH. "CLUPEA HARENGUS PALLASI, "EMBRYOS,
"LARVAE,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS , TANKERS, MICROORGANISMS,
CANADA, BACTERIA, FUEL OIL, TOXICITY, UPTAKE, METABOLISM,
CRUDE OIL, ALGAE, WSF, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS. "FUCUS SERRATUS. »ZYGOTE DEVELOPMENT,
CRUDE OIL. CHRCMATOGRAPHY, BIRDS. AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, UPTAKE, SPECTROMETRY. "ANAS
PLATYRHYNCHOS,
CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIRDS, HYDROCARBONS , SPECTROMETRY, "ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS,
CRUDE OIL. TOXICITY, FUEL OIL. MORTALITY, CRUSTACEANS, WSF, "AMPHIPODS,
CRUDE OIL, BEHAVIOR, BALTIC SEA, MOLLUSKS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS.
CRUDE OIL, BIRDS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, "HERRING GULL,
CRUDE OIL. CHRONIC EFFECTS. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. ARCTIC. OIL SPILLS, FRESHWATER,
PLANKTON , "INSECTS. "COASTAL TUNDRA PONDS,
CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY. SPECTROSCOPY. MOLLUSKS, UPTAKE, "OYSTERS, "SULFUR COMPOUNDS,
CRuDE OIL, BASELINE STUDIES, METULA SPILL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
MORTALITY, MAGELLAN/STRAI^ OF.
CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY, WEATHERING, ICE, ECOSYSTEMS, SEDIMENTS,
CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, WSF, TOXICITY. SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, POLYCHAE^ES, "NEANTHES
ARENACEODEN'rATA.
CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, "INGESTION, "MALLARD DUCKS,
CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS. EMULSIONS, CRUSTACEANS,
"COPEPODS, »TISBE BUL3ISETOSA.
CRUDE OIL. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, ALGAE. PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. MORTALITY,
MICROORGANISMS, INVERTE3RATES,
CRUDE OIL. ACUTE EFFECTS, FISH, TQXICI^Y, "MUGIL CEPHALUS,
CRUDE GIL. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. BIBLIOGRAPHIES. SOURCES. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
PETROLEUM PRCDUCTS. DETECTION, MONITORING,
CRUDE OIL. CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, PHYSICAL
EFFECTS,
CRUDE OIL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, LEGISLATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, "COASTAL ZONE
MANAGEMENT, "CONFERENCE,
CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA. ATLANTIC OCEAN. HYDROCARBONS MICROORGANISMS,
SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER,
CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, ANALYTICAL T£CHNIQUES, MICROORGANISMS,
"COMPARISONS.
CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, FUELS , SEAWATER, MICROORGANISMS, POLLUTION CONTROL.
CRUDE OIL, CHROMA^OGRAPHY, FUEL OIL, FATE. SEA SURFACE, SPECTROSCOPY. *REFRACTIVE
INDEX,
CRUDE OIL,
CRUDE OIL,
CRUDE OIL.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES. FUEL OIL, FATE. SEA SURFACE.
BEHAVIOR, ARC
ICE, "OIL-ICE INTERACTION:
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. FAT£, HYDROCARBONS . WEATHERING. »PHCTODEGRADATION,
CRUDE OIL. CHEMICAL EFFECTS. 3IODEGRADATION, ARCTIC PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FATE,
MICROORGANISMS.
CRUDE OIL. BEHAVIOR. ARCTIC. ICE, "CIL-IN-ICE,
CRUDE OIL, CONT,iMIMATION , BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MARSHES, ECOSYSTEMS,
CRUDE OIL, 5IODEGRADATION, BASELINE SADIES. ARCTIC. MICROORGANISMS, META3CLISM,
DECOMPOSITION, SUBARCTIC REGIONS.
CRUSTACEANS. Cnr^MC EFFECT. G!L 3PILLS. FUEL OIL, MARSHES. TOXIC:TY, MASSACHUSETTS,
"UCA PAGNAX.
CRUSTACEANS. SMILSIF I ESS. SUBLETHAL EFFECTS. MORTALLY. MARINE ORGANISMS, "COPEPODS,
200
-------
0546 CRUSTACEANS, HYDROCARBONS , f0XICITY, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, MCLLUSKS,
"XENOBIOTIC CHEMICALS,
0557 CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, MORTALITY, WSF, »AMPHIPODS,
0580 CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, EMULSIONS,
"COPEPODS, *TISBE BULBISETOSA,
0661 CRUSTACEANS. BIODEGRADATION. AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, FATE, PHYTOPLANKTON,
SEDIMENTATION, 'NAPHTHALENES,
0664 DECOMPOSITION, TAR, FATE, SAMPLING, SARGASSO SEA, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
R054 DECOMPOSITION, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BASELINE STUDIES. ARCTIC, MICROORGANISMS,
METABOLISM. SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
032? DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, BALLAST , MONITORING, SHIPS, DETECTION, PRODUCT
INFORMATION, »OIL CONTENT ANALYSER,
0333 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, MONITORING, SHIPS, DETECTION, "CARBON ANALYSIS,
0337 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *OIL COLLECTANT DISPENSER,
0392 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, STORAGE, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *DRACONE BARGE,
039H DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
"EUROSKIMMER,
0396 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, EQUIPMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *FIELD TESTING,
0««1 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST , TANKERS, IMCO, REGULATIONS, »COMPUTER METHODS,
0442 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SAFETY, SURVEILLANCE, US,
0458 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,
OU75 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT. "PETROLEUM BARGES, "CLEANING
FACILITIES,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, »ANTI-POLLUTION VALVE,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, MONITORING, OIL TANKS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, EQUIPMENT PRODUCT
INFORMATION, "OPTIC LIQUID LEVEL SENSOR,
0513 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS,
0636 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, 'WORKSHOP,
0674 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, LEGISLATION, TANKERS, SAFETY, US, REGULATIONS, SEGREGATED BALLAST,
0687 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES, POLLUTION
CONTROL. *QZONE,
0689 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TR£ATMENT, INDUSTRIES, ULTRAFILTRATION.
POLLUTION CONTROL, "MEMBRANES,
0690 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT INDUSTRIES, ULTRAFILTRATION,
POLLUTION CONTROL, "MEMBRANES,
0691 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES, ULTRAFILTRATION,
POLLUTION CONTROL, "MEMBRANES,
R032 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PIPELINES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT. POLLUTION PREVENTION,
R037 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EQUIPMENT, "REVIEW,
R039 DESIGN-ENGINEERING, DETECTION, LEAKAGE, PIPELINES, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
03'5 DETECTION, HYDROCARBONS , POLLUTION CONTROL, ECUADOR.
0??2 DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, BALLAST , MONITORING. SHIPS, PRODUCT
INFORMATION, "OIL CONTENT ANALYSER,
032b DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MONITQRING, POLLUTION CONTROL. DISPERSANTS. TOXICITY,
'BIGASSAY,
0327 DETECTION, MONITORING, SAMPLING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, PATENT,
0328 DETECTION, MONITORING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PATENT,
0329 DETECTION, MONITORING, EMULSIONS, "OIL IN WATER, PATENT, "PHOTOSENSOR,
0332 DETECTION, MONITORING, OIL SLICKS, "PASSIVE MICROWAVE IMAGER,
0333 DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, MONITORING, SHIPS, "CARBON ANALYSIS,
0334 DETECTION, MONITORING, FUEL OIL, SLUDGE, PATENT, »UV FLUORESCENCE.
0335 DETECTION, MONITORING. PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, "INFRARED DETECTORS,
0333 DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING. DISPERSIONS. MONITORING, ESTUARIES,
0339 DETECTION. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SPILLS. «BACKSCATTERING
TECHNIQUES,
0346 DETECTION. COASTS, SAMPLING, NATURAL SEEPAGE. HYDROCARBONS . »TAIWAN,
0356 DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SURFACTANTS , HYDROCARBONS
SEAWATER,
0361 DETECTION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, FUEL OIL, MOLLUSKS, UK, "MYTILUS EDULIS.
0366 DETECTION, CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECTION.
0367 DETECTION. CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SEDIMENTS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
"THERMAL ANALYSIS.
0373 DEFECTION, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SPECTROSCOPY, »UV FLUORESCENCE,
0597 DETECTION, CRUDE OIL. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES. SOURCES. ENVIRONMENTAL
EFFECTS. PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. MONITORING.
0700 DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. HYDROCARBONS . "SULFUR DETERMINATION.
R022 DETECTION, MONITORING, OIL SPILLS. US. 'ALARM SYSTEM,
R039 DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, LEAKAGE. PIPELINES. INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTICN,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT.
ROU6 DETECTION, CARCINOGENS. PETROLEUM PRODUCES. OIL SHALE. FISH, »BIOASSAY.
R043 DETECTION, 4LGAE, HYDROCARBONS . TOXICITY. "BIOASSAY, "CULTURES.
033' DEVELOPMENT , MONITORING, OIL SHALE. GROUNDWATER. WATER QUALITY. ENVIRONMENTAL
EFFECTS, 'SURFACE MINING,
201
-------
0519
0621
0626
0326
0398
0402
0404
0411
0413
0520
0537
0548
055'
0552
0560
0561
0568
0571
0580
0654
0655
C694
0333
0363
0413
0465
0655
0672
R024
0436
0445
0455
0465
0472
0482
Q340
0344
0345
0541
057?
0645
0662
0666
R053
0560
0561
0439
0590
C591
0605
DEVELOPMENT , POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, WATER QUALITY, SOLID WASTES,
EPA, 'RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
DEVELOPMENT , REFINERIES, EPA, VIRGINIA. »JAMES RIVER,
DEVELOPMENT , CONTAMINATION, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. HEALTH
HAZARDS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, RESTORATION,
DISPERSANTS, DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. MONITORING, POLLUTION CONTROL, TOXICITY,
"BIOASSAY,
DISPERSANTS. SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT,
DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, AUSTRALIA, SPILL CLEANUP, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, OIL
INDUSTRY,
DISPERSANTS, BACTERIA, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SPILL CLEANUP, SEAWATER, FRESHWATER, PATENT,
DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP. EQUIPMENT, INLAND, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "SORBENTS,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, *FIRE-FIGHTING ,
DISPERSANTS, BIRDS, BEHAVIOR, ACUTE EFFECTS, "SEABIRDS , MORTALITY, OIL SLICKS,
DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FISH, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS. SURFACTANTS,
DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALGAE, TOXICITY, *COLLECTANTS,
DISPERSANTS, CALIFORNIA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGR ADATION , SPILL CLEANUP, FISH,
UPTAKE, RELEASE,
DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ECHINODERMS. *SEA URCHIN EGGS.
•FERTILIZATION, »BIO-INDICATORS ,
DISPERSANTS, ECHINODERMS, *SEA URCHINS. TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, »BIO-INDICATORS.
DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. EUROPE,
DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, EUROPE,
DISPERSANTS, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, EMULSIONS,
"COPEPODS, »TISBE BULBISETOSA,
DISPERSANTS,
AGENTS.
DISPERSANTS,
DISPERSANTS,
DISPERSIONS,
DISPERSIONS,
DISPERSIONS,
DISPERSIONS,
MICHIGAN,
DISPERSIONS,
DISPERSIONS.
DISPERSIONS,
CONTAMINATION, BIODEGRADATION , SOURCES, FATE, SPILL CLEANUP, SINKING
OIL SLICKS, DISPERSIONS, FATE. UK,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SPREADING,
DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING, MONITORING, ESTUARIES,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS ,
SPILL RECOVERY, SURFACTANTS, TOXICITY,
COASTS, WASTEWATERS, DISPOSAL , REFINERIES, SPREADING. GREAT LAKES,
DISPERSANTS, OIL SLICKS, FATE, UK,
MODELS, SEDIMENTATION, HYDROCARBONS , FRESHWATER, "COAGULATION,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SAMPLING, »QUANTITATION,
DISPERSIONS, OIL SLICKS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, "LITERATURE SURVEY,
DISPOSAL , STORAGE, MEXICO/GULF OF, LOUISIANA, "SALT DOMES, "BRINE DISCHARGE,
DISPOSAL , WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, RECYCLING, ECONOMICS, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
DISPOSAL , BIODEGRADATION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES, WASTEWAT£R TREATMENT,
RECLAMATION.
DISPOSAL , DISPERSIONS, COASTS. WASTEWATERS. REFINERIES, SPREADING, GREAT LAKES,
MICHIGAN,
DISPOSAL . SOLID WASTES,
EFFECTS, "SYNFUELS,
DISTILLATION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SOLVENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, EXTRACTION,
OIL SHALE, TAR SANDS, POLLITION CONTROL, ENVIRONMENTAL
DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING. TAR, OCEANS, N'EUSTON, INDIAN OCEAN, »NEUSTONIC
PERIPHYTON.
DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING, TAR, »COMPOSITION, "WEIGHT,
DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPhY, SAMPLING. HYDROCARBONS . SEA SURFACE, SEAWATER,
SEDIMENTS, "N-ALKANES,
DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, SAMPLING, MOLLUSKS. PORTS, INTERTIDAL ZONE.
"MACOMA BALTHICA,
DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS. ARCTIC, METABOLISM, "ABUNDANCE, ECOSYSTEMS, USSR.
DISTRIBUTION. ChRONIC EFFECTS. BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, OIL TERMINALS, MOLLUSKS,
INTERTIDAL ZONE, "MACOMA BALTHICA,
FUEL OIL, PHYTOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON, ECOSYSTEMS,
SEA SURFACE, SARGASSO SEA. "NORTH ATLANTIC,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, WEATHERING, SARGASSO
TAR.
TAR.
FATE,
FATE,
DISTRIBUTION, BIODEGRADATION,
DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
DISTRIBUTION, CriROMATOGRAPHY,
SEA,
DISTRIBUTION, BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, OCEANS,
ECHINODERMS, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, "SEA URCHIN EGGS.
"FERTILIZATION, "BIO-INDICATORS,
ECHINODERMS, DISPERSANTS, "SEA URCHINS, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "BIO-INDICATORS,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, STORAGE, COST ANLYSIS, ENVIRCNMENTAL EFFECTS, »STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
RESERVE,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS.
VALUES.
ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
COMPENSATION, CALIFORNIA, OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, "MONETARY
DEVELOPMENT.
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL DISCHARGES. ILLINOIS, "HEXANES.
CCST ANALYSIS, FISHERIES, NORTH SFA, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE
202
-------
0632
0634
0692
0445
0693
R036
0431
0541
0575
059?
0607
061 1
0645
0706
R042
R043
R050
031?
0437
0438
0623
03V
0321
0395
0398
0399
0649
0435
0312
0321
0331
0434
0439
04U5
0472
0521
0574
0593
0595
0597
Ob04
06'1
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, DCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, TANKERS, ENVIRONMENTAL
EFFECTS,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, GUIDELINES, STANDARDS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL , WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION. RECYCLING, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS.
ECONOMICS, COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, WASTEWATER
TREATMENT,
ECONOMICS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL TANKS, REUSE, RECLAMATION. TOXICITY, »TANK TRUCK
WASHING.
ECOSYSTEMS, BOOK REVIEW, RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, 'ECOLOGICAL DISASTERS,
ECOSYSTEMS, DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS, ARCTIC, METABOLISM, 'ABUNDANCE, USSR,
ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC. MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY, WEATHERING, ICE, SEDIMENTS,
ECOSYSTEMS, COASTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SHORELINES, UK, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY,
ECOSYSTEMS, OIL SPILLS, SHIPS, OIL DISCHARGES, WATER QUALITY, JAPAN, »TOKYO BAY,
ECOSYSTEMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, POLLUTION CONTROL.
ECOSYSTEMS, DISTRIBUTION, BIODEGRADATION, FUEL OIL, PHYTOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON,
ECOSYSTEMS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, INDUSTRIES,
ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, FRESHWATER, OIL SLICKS.
MICROORGANISMS, "STABILITY,
ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, BASELINE STUDIES. ALASKA, MARSHES,
ECOSYSTEMS. HYDROCARBONS , INTERTIDAL ZONE, MORTALITY, GROWTH, UPTAKE, FATE, MOLLUSKS.
ECUADOR. DETECTION. HYDROCARBONS , POLLUTION CONTROL,
EIS, STORAGE, WATER QUALITY. SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, "STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,
EIS, STORAGE, "STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,
EIS, OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, TANKERS, PLATFORMS, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,
MANUALS. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FATE, EVAPORATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
CRUDE OIL, SPILL CLEANUP, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WORTH SEA, NORWAY,
SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, NORTH SEA, EQUIPMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
DISPERSANTS, SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT,
SKIMMERS. SPILL RECOVERY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, NORTH SEA, »FRAMO
EKOFISK BLOWOUT.
EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
EKOFISK BLOWOU'r,
SKIMMER,
COMPENSATION, LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,
EMULSIFIERS, CRUSTACEANS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS. MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, "COPEPODS,
DETECTION, MONITORING, "OIL IN WATER, PATENT, "PHOTOSENSOR,
ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TANKS, »DETERGENTS,
COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TR£ATMENT, FLOTATION, "ELECTROLYSIS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT. OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SURFACTANTS, PATENT,
ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PRECIPITATION. PATENT,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, FLCTVION, FLOCCULATION, «COAGULATION,
WASTEWATERS, WASTE OIL, FUELS , "COMBUSTION,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOCCULATIQN, FILTRATION , INCINERATION, "COMPRESSOR
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTA'HON, SURFACTANTS,
DISPERSANTS, CRUSTACEANS. CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACU^E EFFECTS.
"COPEPODS, "TISBE BULBISETOSA.
EMULSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WEATHERING, FUEL OIL. SEAWATER.
ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION. ALASKA, OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES. TANKERS.
US, EPA,
EKOFISK BLOWOUT, FATE. EVAPORATION. POLLUTION CONTROL,
INFORMATION SYSTEMS, STATISTICS, GUIDELINES, MODELS, NOAA,
OIL SPILLS, STATISTICS. SPILL CLEANUP, "COMPUTER DIRECTORY,
EKOFISK BLOWOUT, CRUDE OIL, SPILL CLEANUP. NOHTH SEA. NORWAY,
MONITORING, OIL SHALE, GROUNDWATER, WATER
06SO
0543
0329
0420
0446
0450
0452
0456
0460
0477
0492
0493
0580
EKOFISK Bl
EMULSIFIE
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
DRAINS
EMULSIONS
EMULSIONS
WATER QUALITY.
POLLUTION CONTROL,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, STORAGE, COST ANLYSIS. »STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
ECONOMICS
DISPOSAL
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT
QUALITY, "SURFACE MINING,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PORTS, HARBORS, OIL TRANSFER, STATISTICS
UK, "MILFORD HAVEN
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
RESERVE,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
CONTROL, "SYNFUELS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
MORTALITY, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF.
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. OFFSHORE PRODUCTION
EFFECTS, FATE, SOURCES, "SYMPOSIUM,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS. COASTS, SHORELINES,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. DETECTION, CRUDE OIL,
SOURCES, PETROLEUM PRODUCES. MONITORING,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. SOURCES. OIL INDUSTRY,
INLAND.
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. ECOSYSTEMS, HYDROCARBONS
DISPOSAL , WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, RECYCLING, EPA.
SOLID WASTES, OIL SHALE, TAR SANDS, POLLUTION
COST ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL. INDUSTRIES.
CRUDE OIL. BASELINE STUDIES, METULA SPILL. MARINE
ORGANISMS,
HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS. SUBLETHAL
UK, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. BIBLIOGRAPHIES.
BANKERS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, WATER QUALIFY,
FATE, POLLUTIQN CONTROL.
203
-------
06'5
0616
0620
0622
0626
0627
0630
0631
0632
0633
063"
0635
0692
R028
R052
0366
0500
0515
0528
0623
0677
R031
R039
0336
0419
0435
0445
0507
0519
0620
0621
069?
R02'
R027
R028
R029
0323
0335
0342
0362
0383
0385
0388
0390
0393
0395
0396
0398
0400
0403
04<2
0422
0428
0466
0488
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS , MONITORING, POLLUTION CONTROL, UN,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, BEAUFORT SEA, ARCTIC, GUIDELINES, OIL SPILLS, FATE,
'SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE STUDIES,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, EPA, NEW JERSEY, MARYLAND,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT , CONTAMINATION, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, HEALTH
HAZARDS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, RESTORATION,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CANADA, REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES, "LABRADOR SEA,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS, NORTH SEA, UK,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, LEGISLATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, "COASTAL ZONE
MANAGEMENT, "CONFERENCE,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
PORTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ONSHORE EFFECTS, TEXAS,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
"SUPERPORTS ,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
TANKERS,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, SAFETY,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
GUIDELINES, STANDARDS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SPILL CLEANUP, EPA, "TESTING, *OHMSETT,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, EXTRACTION, FUEL OIL, OIL SHALE,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DETECTION, CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER, REGULATIONS, USCG,
"PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, BLOWOUT PREVENTION, ARCTIC, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, US,
POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PIPELINES,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, POLLUTION PREVENTION, UN, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EIS, OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, TANKERS, PLATFORMS,
REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS, MANUALS,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, LEGISLATION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "TREATY, "LAW OF SEA
CONFERENCE,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EQUIPMENT, MANUALS, SPILL CLEANUP, SHORELINES, RESTORATION,
"FIELD METHODS,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, LEAKAGE, PIPELINES, INLAND,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
EPA, REMOTE SENSING, MONITORING, OIL SPILLS, "LANDSAT, "ENVIRO-POD,
EPA, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL-RECOVERY, HARBORS, SKIMMERS, "TESTS,
EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, ALASKA, OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, TANKERS, WATER
QUALITY, US,
EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL , WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, RECYCLING,
EPA, COMPENSATION, ALASKA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, NOAA,
EPA, DEVELOPMENT , POLLUTION CONTROL. OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION. WATER QUALITY, SOLID
WASTES, "RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, NEW JERSEY, MARYLAND,
EPA, DEVELOPMENT , REFINERIES, VIRGINIA, "JAMES RIVER,
EPA, EQUIPMENT, "OHMSETT FACILITY,
EPA, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, MANUALS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS,
EPA, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, "TESTING, "OHMSETT,
EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SPILL CLEANUP, "TESTING, "OHMSETT,
EPA, SKIMMERS. SPILL CLEANUP, "TESTING, •OHMSET''-,
EQUIPMENT, BALLAS''' , MONITORING, PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, "BABCOCK
CONTROLS,
EQUIPMENT, DETECTION. MONITORING, PRODUCT INFORMATION, "INFRARED DETECTORS,
EQUIPMENT. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING, TAR, OCEANS, "PLASTICS, »LITTER,
EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SPECTROSCOPY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, TANKERS. POLLUTION CONTROL,
"LUCAN BOOM,
EQUIPMENT, BOOMS,
EQUIPMENT, BOOMS,
EQUIPMENT. BOOMS,
CO.
EQUIPMENT, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, UK, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING. SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
"EUROSKIMMER,
EQUIPMENT, EKOFISK 3LOWOUT, SKIMMERS. SPILL RECOVERY. NORTH SEA, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, "FIELD TESTING,
EQUIPMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, DISPERSANTS, SKIMMERS,
EQUIPMENT. OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SKIMMERS, OIL TANKS, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
EQUIPMENT, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, "POLYPROPYLENE,
EQUIPMENT. SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, "PLASTIC DISKS,
EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SPILL CLEANUP. PATENT. "CRYOTHERMAL MATERIAL,
EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION, "VIKOMA OCEANPACK,
EQUIPMENT, ADSORPTION, WASTEnATER TREATMENT, OIL INDUSTRY, "ACTIVATED CARBON,
EQUIPMENT, OIL-«ATER SEPARATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, FILTRATION , PATENT
"SEPARATION TANK,
SPILL CONTAINMENT,
SPILL CONTAINMENT,
SPILL CONTAINMENT,
PATENT,
PATENT,
POLLUTION CONTROL, PRODUCT INFORMATION, "VATOR OY
204
-------
0507
0512
0520
0592
0688
0694
0695
0702
R031
R037
0338
0670
0568
0571
0312
0648
03^8
0364
OU82
0519
0626
0705
R051
R052
0312
0352
0564
0576
0589
0593
0598
0601
0606
0608
0609
0611
0616
0643
0651
0652
0654
0655
0656
0658
0659
0660
0661
0662
0664
0666
0667
0669
067 1
R050
R057
0459
OIL SHALE, WATER QUALITY, SOLID
CONTAMINATION, OIL SHALE. HEALTH
OFFSHORE
EQUIPMENT, EPA, COMPENSATION, ALASKA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP, NOAA,
EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, MONITORING, OIL TANKS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PRODUCT
INFORMATION, »OPTIC LIQUID LEVEL SENSOR,
EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, INLAND, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, «SORBENTS,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, *FIRE-FIGHTING,
EQUIPMENT, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, USCG, IMCO, OIL INDUSTRY,
EQUIPMENT, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, *OZONE,
EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SPREADING,
EQUIPMENT, EPA, *OHMSETT FACILITY,
EQUIPMENT, INDUSTRIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, WASTEWATERS,
EQUIPMENT, MANUALS, SPILL CLEANUP, SHORELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, RESTORATION,
•FIELD METHODS,
EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, 'REVIEW,
ESTUARIES, DISPERSIONS, DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING, MONITORING,
ESTUARIES, MODELS, POLLUTION CONTROL, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING,
EUROPE, DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
EUROPE, DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
EVAPORATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, FATE, POLLUTION CONTROL,
EVAPORATION, HYDROCARBONS , TAR, MODELS, SEA SURFACE, WEATHERING,
EXTRACTION, CONTAMINATION, SAMPLING, SEAWATER, »N-ALKANE ANALYSES,
EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, PAH, »HPLC, *LITERATURE SURVEY,
EXTRACTION, DISTILLATION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SOLVENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
WASTEWATERS,
EXTRACTION, EPA, DEVELOPMENT , POLLUTION CONTROL,
WASTES, *RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT
HAZARDS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, RESTORATION,
EXTRACTION, CARCINOGENS, WATER QUALITY, PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, »CHLORINATION,
EXTRACTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROCHEMICALS, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY,
DRILLING, OIL TRANSPORT, 'DRILLING MUDS,
EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, FUEL OIL, OIL SHALE,
FATE, EVAPORATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, POLLUTION CONTROL,
FATE, BENTHOS, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS . SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, UPTAKE,
FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , OCEANS, *PROCEEDINGS ICES
WORKSHOP,
FATE, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, PLANKTON , MODELS,
FATE, BEHAVIOR, MOVEMENT, SPREADING, ICE, OIL SPILLS, MASSACHUSSETTS, *BUZZARDS BAY,
FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, 'SYMPOSIUM.
FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, HYDROCARBONS , PHYSICAL
EFFECTS,
FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , SOURCES, SAMPLING, "REVIEW,
FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, PACIFIC OCEAN, INDUSTRIES,
FATE, ARCTIC, HYDROCARBONS , PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, OCEANS, SUBARCTIC
REGIONS, SOURCES,
FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, SOURCES. OIL SLICKS, OIL SPILLS. POLLUTION
CONTROL, RED SEA,
FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, HYDROCARBONS , POLLUTION CONTROL,
FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, BEAUFORT SEA, ARCTIC, GUIDELINES, OIL SPILLS,
•SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE STUDIES,
FATE, BIODEGRADATION, UPTAKE, »DEGRADATIVE CAPACITY,
FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, FUEL OIL, SEA SURFACE, SPECTROSCOPY, 'REFRACTIVE
INDEX,
FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, FUEL OIL, SEA SURFACE,
FATE, DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, BIODEGRADATION, SOURCES, SPILL CLEANUP, SINKING
AGENTS,
FATE, DISPERSIONS, DISPERSANTS, OIL SLICKS, UK.
FATE, BIODEGRADATION. HYDROCARBONS , SOIL,
HYDROCARBONS
WEATHERING, 'PHOTODEGRADATION,
ARCTIC. PHYSICAL EFFECTS,
FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION
MICROORGANISMS,
FATE, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, SOURCES, TORREY CANYON, 'FLORIDA,
FATE, CRUSTACEANS, BIQDEGRADATION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, PHYTOPLANKTON,
SEDIMENTATION, 'NAPHTHALENES,
FATE, DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, TAR, SEA SURFACE, SARGASSO SEA, 'NORTH ATLANTIC,
FATE, DECOMPOSITION, TAR, SAMPLING, SARGASSO SEA, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, TAR, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, WEATHERING, SAKGASSO
SEA,
FATE, HYDROCARBONS , WEATHERING, PHYSICAL EFFECTS. »POLLUTANT TRANSFER,
FATE, MODELS, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SLICKS, 'THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS,
FATE, BLOWOUTS, BEHAVIOR. ARCTIC. 'FLOW STRUCTURE,
FATE, ECOSYSTEMS. HYDROCARBONS , INTERTIDAL ZONE, MORTALITY, GROWTH, UPTAKE, MOLLUSKS.
FATE, OIL SHALE, WASTEWATERS, SOIL. ^CDELS, SOURCES, »POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
FILTRATION , WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, 'POLYURETHANE FOAM.
205
-------
0471 FILTRATION , WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SURFACTANTS, PATENT,
0480 FILTRATION , BILGES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FUELS , LUBRICATING OIL. SHIPS,
048? FILTRATION , AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
PETROCHEMICALS,
0487 FILTRATION , BILGES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATERS, PATENT, *POLYPROPYLENE FIBER,
0488 FILTRATION , EQUIPMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, PATENT,
*SEPARATION TANK,
0491 FILTRATION , OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATERS, PATENT, *PVC MEMBRANE,
0492 FILTRATION , EMULSIONS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOCCULATION, INCINERATION, "COMPRESSOR
DRAINS,
0325 FINLAND, COASTS, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , SEAWATER, SAMPLING,
0313 FISH, OIL SPILLS, FUEL OIL, MORTALITY, SPILL CLEANUP, *ADRIAN MAERSK, *HONG KONG,
0347 FISH, COASTS, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , INVERTEBRATES, SEDIMENTS, GREENLAND,
0353 FISH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , PLANKTON , INVERTEBRATES, UK,
*N-ALKANES,
0540 FISH, CRUDE OIL, 'BENZENE, METABOLISM, GROWTH, »CLUPEA HARENGUS PALLASI, 'EMBRYOS,
*LARVAE,
0546 FISH, CRUSTACEANS, HYDROCARBONS , TOXICITY, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, MOLLUSKS,
•XENOBIOTIC CHEMICALS,
0548 FISH, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, SURFACTANTS,
0552 FISH, DISPERSANTS, CALIFORNIA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, SPILL CLEANUP.
UPTAKE, RELEASE,
0563 FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, METABOLISM,
INVERTEBRATES,
058" FISH. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MORTALITY, *MIHNOWS, *GOLDFISH, *NORADRENALINE LEVELS,
*BRAIN TISSUES.
0532 FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , FOOD WEB, METABOLISM, UPTAKE. «HEXADECANE,
*BENZO(A)PYRENE.
0586 FISH, CRUDE OIL. ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY. »MUGIL CEPHALUS,
0606 FISH, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , PACIFIC OCEAN, INDUSTRIES,
0614 FISH, CONTAMINATION, COASTS, ATLANTIC COAST, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FISHERIES, 'MIDDLE
ATLANTIC BIGHT,
0617 FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, NOAA, MARINE ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS,
0638 FISH, CONTAMINATION, BENTHOS, HYDROCARBONS , SEDIMENTS, 'PETROLEUM TAINTS,
R033 FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, PIPELINES, WATER QUALITY, MONITORING, STREAMS, "TAPS,
R046 FISH, DETECTION, CARCINOGENS, PETROLEUM PRODUCES. OIL SHALE, »BIOASSAY,
0587 FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, MOLLUSKS, RELEASE, METABOLISM, 'MUSSEL
CULTURES,
0605 FISHERIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, NORTH SEA, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE
DEVELOPMENT,
0614 FISHERIES. FISH, CONTAMINATION, COASTS, ATLANTIC COAST, PETROLEUM PRODUCES. 'MIDDLE
ATLANTIC BIGHT,
0625 FISHERIES, COMPENSATION, OIL-GAS LEASING, LEGISLATION, LIABILITY, OCS, GEORGES BANK,
0460 FLOCCULATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, FLOTATION, 'COAGULATION,
0492 FLOCCULATION, FILTRATION . EMULSIONS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, INCINERATION, 'COMPRESSOR
DRAINS,
0495 FLOCCULATION. OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATERS, PARENT, 'THIOLIGNIN ACID,
0446 FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'ELECTROLYSIS,
0460 FLOTATION, FLOCCULATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, 'COAGULATION,
0474 FLOTATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, SEDIMENTATION,
0493 FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SURFACTANTS,
0549 FOOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, CARCINOGENS, PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS.
0569 FOOD WEB. CONTAMINATION. HYDROCARBONS . SARGASSO SEA. 'TRANSFER . 'BIOGENIC
HYDROCARBONS,
0582 FOOD wEB, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. HYDROCARBONS , METABOLISM, UPTAKE, 'HEXADECANE.
»BENZO(A)PYRENE,
0703 FOOD WEB, BIOMA3S. ALGAE, HYDROCARBONS , ZOOPLANKTON. 'BIOGENIC ORIGIN.
0588 FRANCE, CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS. FUEL OIL, MOLLJSKS, UPTAKE, RELEASE, 'PORT DE BOUC
SPILL, 'MUSSELS,
0413 FRESHWATER. DISPERSANTS, BACTERIA. PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SPILL CLEANUP, SEAWATER, PATENT,
0566 FRESHWATER, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS. ARCTIC, OIL SPILLS,
PLANKTON . 'INSECTS, 'COASTAL TUNDRA PONDS,
0650 FRESHWATER, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT, HYDROCARBONS , WAS"rEWATERS , GROUNDWATER.
'AQUIFER,
0672 FRESHWATER, DISPERSIONS, MODELS, S£DIMENTATION, HYCROCARBONS , »COAGULATION,
R026 FRESHWATER, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PETROLEUM PRODUCES, SEDIMENTS,
SEAWATER, 'IN SITU ANALYSIS,
R030 FRESHWATER, SPILL RECOVERY, OCEANS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'AMINE CARBAMATE GELATION
TECHNIQUES,
R042 FRESHWATER, ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGPADATION, OIL SLICKS,
MICROORGANISMS. 'STABILITY.
0313 FUEL OIL, FISH, OIL SPILLS. MOR^ALI^Y, SPILL CLEANUP, 'ADRIAN MAERSK, 'HONG KONG,
033« FUEL OIL, DETECTION. MONITORING, SLUDGE, PATENT, *UV FLUORESCENCE,
0361 FUEL OIL, DETECTION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, MOLLUSKS. UK. 'MYTILUS EDULIS,
040' FUEL GIL. ABSORPTION. SPILL CLEANUP, 'POLYURE^HANE FOAM.
206
-------
0440 FUEL OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, STORAGE, OIL TRANSPORT, REFINING, OIL SPILLS, FUELS
0453 FUEL OIL, BILGES, ULTRAFILTRATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, LUBRICATING OIL,
0497 FUEL OIL, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, RECYCLING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "CENTRIFUGATION,
0529 FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, MARSHES, TOXICITY, MASSACHUSETTS,
»UCA PAGNAX,
0530 FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, REPRODUCTION, "EGG HATCHABILITY,
0532 FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, METABOLISM, REPRODUCTION, GROWTH,
0535 FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, WSF, WASTE OIL, MOLLUSKS, MORTALITY, *MERCENARIA,
0536 FUEL OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , FUELS , MOLLUSKS, »MYTILUS EDULIS, »FOOD
INTAKE,
0545 FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, CANADA, BACTERIA, TOXICITY, UPTAKE, METABOLISM,
0556 FUEL OIL. ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, WSF, ZOOPLANKTON, MORTALITY,
0557 FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, MORTALITY, WSF, *AMPHIPODS,
0577 FUEL OIL. CRUDE OIL, WSF, TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, POLYCHAETES, *NEANTHES
ARENACEODENTATA,
0583 FUEL OIL, ALGAE, TOXICITY, WSF, GROWTH, "PHENALEN-1-ONE,
0538 FUEL OIL, FRANCE, CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS, MOLLUSKS, UPTAKE, RELEASE, "PORT DE BOUC
SPILL, *MUSSELS,
0645 FUEL OIL, ECOSYSTEMS, DISTRIBUTION, BIODEGRADATION, PHYTOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON.
0649 FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WEATHERING, SEAWATER,
0651 FUEL OIL, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SEA SURFACE, SPECTROSCOPY, 'REFRACTIVE
INDEX,
0652 FUEL OIL, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SEA SURFACE,
R040 FUEL OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS, SUBLETHAL
EFFECTS, *CHEMORECEPTION,
R052 FUEL OIL, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL SHALE,
0381 FUELS , CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
0440 FUELS , FUEL OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, STORAGE, OIL TRANSPORT, REFINING, OIL SPILLS,
0477 FUELS , EMULSIONS, WASTEWATERS, WASTE OIL, "COMBUSTION,
0480 FUELS , FILTRATION . BILGES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, LUBRICATING OIL, SHIPS,
0536 FUELS , FUEL OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , MOLLUSKS, »MYTILUS EDULIS, »FOOD
INTAKE,
0646 FUELS , CRUDE OIL. BIODEGRADATION, SEAWATER. MICROORGANISMS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
0644 FUNGI, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS , SOIL, *LEAD,
0625 GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES, COMPENSATION, OIL-GAS LEASING, LEGISLATION, LIABILITY, OCS,
0653 GEORGES BANK, BEACHES. ATLANTIC COAST, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. OIL SPILLS, USGS,
Q411 GOVERNMEN^ AGENCIES. DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, AUSTRALIA, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL
INDUSTRY,
0515 GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, BLOWOUT PREVENTION, ARCTIC. US.
POLLUTION PREVENTION. SPILL CLEANUP, PIPELINES,
0627 GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CANADA, REGULATIONS. OFFSHORE DRILLING,
OCS, "LABRADOR SEA,
0707 GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, INDUSTRIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS.
0465 GREAT LAKES, DISPOSAL , DISPERSIONS, COASTS, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, SPREADING,
MICHIGAN,
0682 GREAT LAKES, CANADA. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, WATER QUALITY, US. POLLUTION CONTROL.
0347 GREENLAND, FISH, COASTS, SAMPLING. HYDROCARBONS . INVERTEBRATES, SEDIMENTS,
0331 GROUNDWATEH. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT , MONITORING, OIL SHALE, WATER
QUALITY, "SURFACE MINING,
Q462 GRQUNDWATER, HYDROCARBONS , SOIL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT. POLLUTION CONTROL, *FUEL
DEPOTS,
0650 GROUNDWATER. FRESHWATER. PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT, HYDROCARBONS , WASTEWATEHS,
"AQUIFER,
0673 GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION, MODELS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "HYDRODYNAMICS,
0532 GROWTH, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, METABOLISM, REPRODUCTION,
0540 GROWTH, FISH. CRUDE OIL, "BENZENE, METABOLISM, "CLUPEA HARENGUS PALLASI, "EMBRYOS,
"LARVAE,
0558 GROWTH. WSF, HYDROCARBONS , TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, "MUSSEL LARVAE,
0533 GROWTH, FUEL OIL, ALGAE, TOXICITY, WSF, "PHENALEN-'-ONE,
R050 GROWTH, FATE, ECOSYSTEMS, HYDROCARBONS , INTERTIDAL ZONE, MORTALITY. UPTAKE. MOLLUSKS,
0316 GUIDELINES. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, STAT1STICS. MODELS. WAA,
0430 GUIDELINES, BIRDS, RESTORATION, WILDLIFE, MANUALS. "OILED ANIMALS , "CARE 4 TREATMENT.
0616 GUIDELINES. FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, BEAUFORT SEA. ARCTIC. OIL SPILLS,
"SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE STUDIES.
0678 GUIDELINES, POLLUTION PREVENTION. WASTEWATERS. OIL TERMINALS. SAFETY, "FLOATING
RECEPTION FACILITIES,
0679 GUIDELINES, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT OCS, OIL-GAS LEASING,
0692 GUIDELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS. BIBLIOGRAPHIES. WASTEWATER
TREATMENT, STANDARDS. POLLUTION CONTROL.
0419 HARBORS, EPA. BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RECOVERY. SKIMMERS, »TESTS,
0434 HARBORS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. PORTS, CIL TRANSFER, STA'rISTICS. POLLU"ION CONTROL,
UK. "MILFORD HAVEN,
0538 HEALTH HAZARDS. MICROORGANISMS, POLLUTION CONTROL. "MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS.
0549 HEALTH HAZARDS, FOOD WEB. CONTAMINATION. CARCINOGENS, PAH, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
0550 HEALTH HAZARDS. CARCINOGENS, ARCMATIC HYDROCARBONS, PETROLEUM PRODUCES,
207
-------
0626
0704
0705
0315
0325
0341
0345
6346
0347
0349
0351
0352
0353
0354
0355
2356
0357
0359
0363
0365
0372
0377
0380
0462
0522
8533
C536
0542
0546
0555
0558
0-564
C567
0569
0570
0578
0532
0593
B598
06E0
0601
0606
0608
0610
eeii
8615
0638
0641
0644
0648
3650
6656
0658
HEALTH HAZARDS, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT , CONTAMINATION, OIL
SHALE, SOCIC-ECONCMIC EFFECTS, RESTORATION,
HEALTH HAZARDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 'MINERAL OIL,
HEALTH HAZARDS, EXTRACTION, CARCINOGENS, WATER QUALITY, PAH, *CHLORINATION,
HYDROCARBONS , ECUADOR, DETECTION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
HYDROCARBONS , FINLAND, COASTS, MONITORING, SEAWATER, SAMPLING,
HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BALTIC SEA, SAMPLING,
HYDROCARBONS , DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATCGRAPHY, SAMPLING, SEA SURFACE, SEAWATEP,
SEDIMENTS, 'N-ALKA.NES ,
HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, COASTS, SAMPLING, NATURAL SEEPAGE, *TAIWAN,
HYDROCARBONS , GREENLAND, FISH, COASTS, SAMPLING, INVERTEBRATES, SEDIMENTS,
HYDROCARBONS , BASELINE STUDIES, SAMPLING, OCEANS,
*SHIPPING LANES,
HYDROCARBONS , SAMPLING, WASTEWATERS, OIL FIELDS, 'ORGANIC COMPOUNDS,
FATE, BENTHOS, SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, UPTAKE,
FISH, CHROMATOGMPHY, SAMPLING, PLANKTON
SEA SURFACE, 'COASTAL WATERS,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
'N-ALKANES
HYDROCARBONS
INVERTEBRATES, UK,
ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING, *NOVA SCOTIA, *GULF STREAM, *BICGENIC
HYDROCARBONS,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
SEAWATER,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
CHRCMATOGRAPHY, STANDARDIZATION METHODS,
DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SURFACTANTS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
'BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,
HYDROCARBONS , DISPERSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
HYDROCARBONS , CHRCMATCGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATICN, MONITORING,
HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CANADA, WASTEWATERS, TAR SANDS, *OIL SANDS
EXTRACTION PLANT,
HYDROCARBONS , SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, PRODUCTION , MEXICO/GULF OF, MISSISSIPPI RIVFP,
HYDROCARBONS , CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE
IDENTIFICATION,
HYDROCARBONS
DEPOTS,
HYDROCARBCNS
CONTROL,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBCNS
INTAKE,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
GRCUNDWATER, SOIL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, 'FUEL
CHRONIC EFFECTS, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, TAR, TANKERS, SOURCES, POLLUTION
MARINE ORGANISMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, TCXICITY, UPTAKE, RELEASE, WSF,
FUELS , FUEL OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS, 'MYTILUS EDULI?, 'FOOD
CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, TANKERS, MICROORGANISMS,
FISH, CRUSTACEANS, TOXICITY, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, MOLLUSKS,
'XENOBICTIC CHEMICALS,
HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIRDS, SPECTROMETRY, 'ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS,
GROWTH, WSF, TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, 'MUSSEL LARVAE,
FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OCEANS, 'PROCEEDINGS ICES
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
WORKSHOP,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TRANSPORT, OCEANS, SFA SURFACE, *»IR-SEA
BLACK SEA, MOLLUSKS, UPTAKE, 'MYTILUS GALLOPFOVINCIALIS, 'PARAFFINS,
FOOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, SARGASSO SEA, 'TRANSFER , 'BIOGF.NIC
HYDROCARBONS,
HYDROCARBCNS , CHROMATCGRAPHY, SAMPLING, MOLLUSKS, SEDIMENTS, 'PECTEN YESSOENSIS,
HYDROCARBONS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FUELS, LAKES , 'OUTBOARD MOTOR EXHAUST,
HYDROCARBONS , FOOD WEB, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, METABOLISM, UPTAKE, 'HEXADECANE,
*BENZO(A)PYRENE,
HYDROCARBCNS , FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, MARINE ORGANISMS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, 'SYMPOSIUM,
HYDROCARBONS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, CRUDE OIL, F&TE, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL
EFFECTS,
HYDROCARBONS
INTERFACE,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
REGIONS, SOURCES,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
SEDIMENTS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
'AQUIFER,
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
FATE,
FISH,
FATE,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, SAMPLING, 'REVIEW,
FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PACIFIC OCEAN, INDUSTRIE0,
ARCTIC, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, OCE&NS, SUBARCTIC
CHRONIC EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, TCXICITY, 'TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH,
FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECCSYSTEMS, POLLUTION CC!*7TPCL,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OCEANS, MONITORING, POLLUTION CONTROL, UN,
FISH, CONTAMINATION, BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS, 'PETROLEUM TAINTS,
CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, ATLANTIC GCE£N,
SEAWATER,
FUNGI, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, SOIL, 'LEAD,
EVAPORATION, TAR, MODELS, SEA SURFACE, WEATHERING,
GROUNDW?TEP, FFFSHWATER, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT,
MICROORGANISM?,
WASTEWATEPS ,
FATE, BIODEGRADATICN, SOIL,
FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WEATHERING,
'PHCTCCFGRADATION,
208
-------
2667
0672
0696
0700
0703
R023
R040
R044
R048
R050
0575
2589
S657
0665
0708
0591
0441
0592
2492
0340
0447
0449
C455
0473
0524
0525
0606
0685
E686
0687
0688
0689
0690
B691
0693
0702
(!706
0707
0316
0317
0324
0503
RC38
0503
0520
0604
R039
0521
0676
0682
0684
0680
0681
2683
0350
HYDROCARBONS , FATE, WEATHERING, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, "POLLUTANT TRANSFER,
HYDROCARBONS , FRESHWATER, DISPERSIONS, MODELS, SEDIMENTATION, "COAGULATION,
HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, *BIOGENIC VS PETROLEUM,
HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, *SULFUR DETERMINATION,
HYDROCARBONS , FOOD WEB, BIOMASS, ALGAE, ZCGPLANK70N, "BIOGENIC OPIGIN,
HYDROCARBONS , SAMPLING, WATER QUALITY, MONITORING, PAH, *QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES,
HYDROCARBONS , FUEL OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, MAPINE ORGANISMS, SUBLETH&L
EFFECTS, *CHEMORECEPTION,
HYDROCARBONS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, OCEANS, 'BIO-INDICATORS,
HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, ALGAE, TCXICITY, *EICASSAY, "CULTURES,
HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, FATE, ECOSYSTEMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, MORTALITY, UPTAKE, MCLLUSKS,
ICE, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, MARINE ORGANISMS, TCXICITY, WEATHERING, SEDIMENTS,
ICE, FATE, BEHAVIOR, MOVEMENT, SPREADING, OIL SPILLS, MASSACHUSSETTS, "SU7ZARDS BAY,
ICE, CRUDE OIL, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, *OIL-ICE INTERACTIONS,
ICE, CRUDE OIL, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, *OIL-IN-ICE,
ICE, BEAUFORT SEA, "TOPOGRAPHY, SPILL CONTAINMENT,
ILLINOIS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL DISCHARGES, "HEXANES,
IMCO, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST , TANKERS, REGULATIONS, "COMPUTER METHODS,
IMCO, EQUIPMENT, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, USCG, OIL INDUSTRY,
INCINERATION, FLCCCULATION, FILTRATION , EMULSIONS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, "COMPRESSOR
DRAINS,
INDIAN OCEAN, DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING, TAR, OCEANS, NEUSTON, "NEUSTONIC
PERIPHYTON,
INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, W?STE OIL TPEATMENT, OIL SPILLS,
PETROCHEMICALS, MICROORGANISMS,
INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION, ADSORPTION, PETROCHEMICALS, WASTEWATER TPEATMENT,
OXIDATION, "ACTIVATED CARBCN,
INDUSTRIES, DISPOSAL , BIODEGRADATION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, WASTEWATEP TREATMENT,
RECLAMATION,
INDUSTRIES, REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
INDUSTRIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
INDUSTRIES, COST ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
INDUSTRIES, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PACIFIC OCEAN,
INDUSTRIES, COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TPEATMENT,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
INDUSTRIES, COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATEP TREATMENT, POLLUTION
CONTROL, "OZONE,
INDUSTRIES, EQUIPMENT, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, "OZONE,
INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, ULTRAFTLTRATION,
POLLUTION CONTROL, "MEMBRANES,
INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, ULTRA FILTRATION,
POLLUTION CONTROL, "MEMBRANES,
INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATEP TPEATMENT, ULTPAFILTRATION,
POLLUTION CONTROL, "MEMBRANES,
INDUSTRIES, ECONOMICS, COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, POLLUTION CONTPOL, WASTEWATER
TREATMENT,
INDUSTRIES, EQUIPMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, WASTEWATERS,
INDUSTRIES, ECOSYSTEMS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS,
INFORMATION SYSTEMS, GUIDELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, STATISTICS, MODELS, NOAA,
INFORMATION SYSTEMS, CANADA, OIL SPILLS, STATISTICS, "NATES,
INFORMATION SYSTEMS, MONITORING, STATISTICS, "COMPUTER DIRECTORY,
INFORMATION SYSTEMS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, POLLUTION
PREVENTION, OIL SPILLS, INLAND,
INFORMATION SYSTEMS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, TPHKERS, STATISTICS, "TANKER CASUALTIES,
"COMPUTER SERVICES,
INLAND, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA, PERSONNEL TRAINING,
POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL SPILLS,
INLAND, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "SORBENTS,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, "FIRE-FIGHTING,
INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, OIL INDUSTRY, TANKERS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, WATEP
QUALITY,
INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, LEAKAGE, PIPELINES,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SEGREGATED BALLAST, "CRUDE
OIL WASHING,
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, CONTAMINANTS, BOOK REVIEW, POLLUTION CONTROL, LEGISLATION,
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, GREAT LAKES, CANADA, WATER QUALITY, US, POLLUTION CONTROL,
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, CCMFENEATICN, ARGC "ERCHANT SPILL, TANKFPS, LIABILITY,
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, COMPENSATION, LIABILITY,
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PANKEPS,
CONVENTIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, "RATT F ICATICt" ,
INTERNATIONAL
INTEPTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIE5
"MACOMA BALTHICA,
ALASKA, SAMPLING, "CLLL'SKS , PORTS,
209
-------
0510 INTERTIDAL ZONE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, COASTS, CANADA, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP,
0572 INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, OIL
TERMINALS, MOLLUSKS, *MACOMA BALTHICA,
R047 INTERTIDAL ZONE, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF
OF, NATURAL SEEPAGE,
R05E INTERTIDAL ZONE, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, FATE, ECOSYSTEMS, MORTALITY, UPTAKE, MOLLUSKS,
0347 INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , GREENLAND, FISH, COASTS, SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,
3353 INVERTEBRATES, HYDRCCAREONS , FISH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SAMPLING, PLANKTON , UK,
*N-ALKANES,
0563 INVERTEBRATES, FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY,
METABOLISM,
0584 INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, ALGAE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
MORTALITY, MICROORGANISMS,
0433 JAPAN, OIL TANKS, STORAGE, POLLUTION PREVENTION, *AIR CUSHION MOVEMENT ,
0463 JAPAN, BIODEGRADATION, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL INDUSTRY,
PETROCHEMICALS,
0607 JAPAN, ECOSYSTEMS, OIL SPILLS, SHIPS, OIL DISCHARGES, WATER QUALITY, *TOKYO BAY,
0578 LAKES , HYDROCARBONS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FUELS, *OUTBOARD MOTOR EXHAUST,
R039 LEAKAGE, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PIPELINES,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
0596 LEGISLATION, CONTAMINATION, SOURCES, POLLUTION CONTROL,
0625 LEGISLATION, GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES, COMPENSATION, OIL-GAS LEASING, LIABILITY, CCS,
0631 LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, POLLUTION CONTROL, *COASTAL ZONE
MANAGEMENT, *CONFERENCE,
0674 LEGISLATION, TANKERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SAFETY, US, REGULATIONS, SEGREGATED BALLAST,
0675 LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US, LIABILITY, OIL INDUSTRY, TANKERS, OIL TERMINALS, *OIL
SPILL FUND,
0676 LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, CONTAMINANTS, BOOK REVIEW, POLLUTION CONTROL,
0677 LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, *TREATY, *LAW OF SEA
CONFERENCE,
0625 LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES, COMPENSATION, OIL-GAS LEASING, OCS,
0675 LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US, OIL INDUSTRY, TANKERS, OIL TERMINALS, *OTL
SPILL FUND,
8680 LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, COMPENSATICN,
0684 LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, COMPENSATICN, APGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS,
0436 LOUISIANA, DISPCSAL , STORAGE, MEXICO/GULF OF, *SALT DOMES, *BRINE DISCHARGE,
0453 LUBRICATING OIL, FUEL Oil, BILGES, ULTRAFILTRATICN, WASTEWATER TPFATMENT,
0480 LUBRICATING OIL, FUELS , FILTRATION , BILGES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SHIPS,
0498 LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, SLUDGE , PATENT,
0499 LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, PATENT,
0574 MAGELLAN/STRAIT CF, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, BASELINE STUDIES, "ETULA SPILL,
MARINE ORGANISMS, MORTALITY,
3603 MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, COASTS, SEDIMENTS, METULA SPILL, SEDIMENTATION, *G£CMCRPHCLOGY,
R049 MAGELLAN/STRAIT CF, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, METULA SPILL,
SEDIMENTS,
0539 MAINE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS, MORTALITY, OIL SPILLS, *CLAMS,
0429 MANUALS, BIRDS, RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, *CAPE & TREATMENT,
0430 MANUALS, GUIDELINES, BIRDS, RESTORATION, WILDLIFE, *CILED ANIMALS , *CARE & TREATMENT,
E516 MANUALS, SPILL CLEANUP, WILDLIFE, MORTALITY,
0623 MANUALS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EIS, OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, TANKERS,
PLATFORMS, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,
R021 MANUALS, EPA, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS,
R031 MANUALS, EC.UIPMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, SHORELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, RESTORATION,
•FIELD METHODS,
0352 MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, BENTHOS, SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE,
0357 MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
0359 MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
*BICGENIC HYDROCARBONS,
04B8 MARINE ORGANISMS, SPILL CLEANUP, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT,
0532 MARINE ORGANISMS, GROWTH, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, METABOLISM, REPRODUCTION,
0533 MARINE ORGANISMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS , TCXICITY, UPTAKE, RELEASE, WSF,
0543 MARINE ORGANISMS, EMULSIFIERS, CRUSTACEANS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MORTALITY, *COPEPCDS,
0544 MARINE ORGANISMS, AROMATIC HYDPCCARECNS, UPTAKE, ZOOPLANKTCN, *COPEPODS, *RADIOLAEELED
NAPHTHALENES,
9546 MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, CRUSTACEANS, TOXICITY, METABOLISM, MOLLUSKS,
*XENCBIOTIC CHEMICALS,
0553 MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY, METABOLISM, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, *EGG AND LARVAL STAGES,
0560 MARINE ORGANISMS, ECHINCDEPMS, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, *SE» URCHIN EGGS,
'FERTILIZATION, *BIO-INDICATORS,
0562 MARINE ORGANISMS, BOOK REVIEW, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
0574 MARINE ORGANISMS, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, BASELINE
STUDIES, METULA SPILL, MORTALITY,
3575 MARINE ORGANISMS, ICE, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, TOXICITY, WEATHERING, SEDIMENTS,
0590 MARINE ORGANISMS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, CALIFORNIA, OIL SPILLS, *MCNETARY
VALUES,
210
-------
0593
0595
0608
0610
0617
0618
R025
R040
R044
R045
R051
0529
R043
0620
3529
0522
0528
0532
0540
0541
B545
0546
0553
0563
0582
0587
0699
R041
R054
0574
0603
R049
0377
0436
P041
0465
0447
0468
0534
0538
0542
0584
0641
0642
0646
0647
8659
MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, 'SYMPOSIUM,
MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, COASTS, SHORELINES, UK, TCXICITY,
MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ARCTIC, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS, SUBARCTIC
REGIONS, SOURCES,
MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBCNS , CHRONIC EFFECTS, TOXICITY, *TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH,
MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, NOAA, SEDIMENTS,
MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, TOXICITY, 'DRILLING MUDS,
MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ACUTE EFFECTS, OIL DISCHARGES,
SAMPLING, SEAWATER, SEDIMENTS, TOXICITY,
MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FUEL OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BEP&VICR, SUBLETHAL
EFFECTS, *CHEMORECEPTICN,
MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY, OCEANS, 'SIO-INDICATOPS,
MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
TOXICITY, MORTALITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
MARINE ORGANISMS, EXTRACTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROCHEMICALS, TOXICITY, OFFSHORE
DRILLING, OIL TRANSPORT, 'DRILLING MUDS,
MARSHES, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY, MASSACHUSETTS,
*UCA PAGNAX,
MARSHES, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,
MARYLAND, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, NEW JERSEY,
MASSACHUSETTS, MARSHES, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY,
*UCA PAGNAX,
MEDITERRANEAN SEA, HYDROCARBONS , CHRONIC EFFECTS, TAR, TANKERS, SOURCES, POLLUTION
CONTROL,
MEDITERRANEAN SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, POLLUTION PREVENTION, UN,
METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, GROWTH, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, RFPPCDUCTION,
METABOLISM, GROWTH, FISH, CRUDE OIL, 'BENZENE, 'CLUPEA HARENGUS PALLASI, 'EMBRYOS,
'LARVAE,
METABOLISM, ECOSYSTEMS, DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS, ARCTIC, 'ABUNDANCE, US?P,
METABOLISM, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, CANADA, BACTERIA, TOXICITY, UPTAKE,
METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, CRUSTACEAN?, TOXICITY, MCLLUPK?,
'XENOBIOTIC CHEMICALS,
METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, 'EGG AND LARVAL STAGES,
METABOLISM, INVERTEBRATES, FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, PETPCLEUM PRODUCTS,
TOXICITY,
METABOLISM, HYDROCARBCNS , FOOD WEB, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, UPTAKE, *HEXADEC7>N£,
*BENZO(A)PYRENE,
METABOLISM, FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, CHROMATOGPAPHY, MOLLUEKS, RELEASE, '"USSEL
CULTURES,
METABOLISM, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS, 'BACTERIUM
ALBUM, 'PHENOL,
METABOLISM, CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, OIL SHALE, 'DRILLING FLUIDS,
MEXICO/GULF OF,
METABOLISM, DECOMPOSITION, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,
MICROORGANISMS, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
METULA SPILL, MARINE ORGANISMS, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL,
BASELINE STUDIES, MORTALITY,
METULA SPILL, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, COASTS, SEDIMENTS, SEDIMENTATION, 'GEOMOPPHOLOGY,
METULA SPILL, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,
SEDIMENTS,
MEXICO/GULF OF, HYDROCARBCNS , SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, PRODUCTION , MISSISSIPPI FIVER,
MEXICO/GULF OF, LOUISIANA, DISPOSAL , STORAGE, 'SALT DOMES, 'BRINE DISCHAPGE,
MEXICO/GULF OF, METABOLISM, CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, OIL SHALE, 'DRILLING
FLUIDS,
MICHIGAN, GREAT LAKES, DISPOSAL
SPREADING,
MICROORGANISMS, INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE OIL TREATMENT,
OIL SPILLS, PETROCHEMICALS,
MICROORGANISMS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIE?, 'TEMPERATURE EFFECTS,
MICROORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SURFACTANTS,
MICROORGANISMS, HEALTH HAZARDS, POLLUTION CONTROL, 'MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BICDEGPADATION, TANKERS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECT?, BEHAVIOR, ALGAE,
DISPERSIONS, COASTS, W&STEWATERS, REFINERIES,
BIODEGRADATION, BACTFPI&, ATLANTIC CCE»N,
MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL,
MICROORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL,
PETROLEUM PRCDUCTS, MORTALITY,
MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL,
SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER,
MICROORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATICN, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
'COMPARISONS,
MICROORGANISMS, FUELS , CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATICN, SEAWATEP, POLLUTION CONTROL,
MICROORGANISMS, CHESAPEAKE BAY, BICDEGPADATICN, BACTERIA, AROMATIC HYDROCAP90NS,
SEDIMENTS,
MICROORGANISMS, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL EFFECT?, BIOCEGRADATION, 3PCTIC, PHYSICAL
EFFECTS,
211
-------
0699 MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA, *BACTERIUM
ALBUM, *PHENOL,
R042 MICROORGANISMS, FRESHWATER, ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, OIL
SLICKS, *STABILITY,
R053 MICROORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BIODEGRADATION, OCEANS,
R054 MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, DECOMPOSITION, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BASELINE
STUDIES, ARCTIC, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
0377 MISSISSIPPI RIVER, MEXICO/GULF CF, HYDROCARBONS , SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, PRODUCTION ,
0316 MODELS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, GUIDELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, STATISTICS, NOAA,
0384 MODELS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, *HYDRODYNAMICS,
0576 MODELS, FATE, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, PLANKTON ,
0648 MODELS, HYDROCARBONS , EVAPORATION, TAR, SEA SURFACE, WEATHERING,
0669 MODELS, FATE, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SLICKS, *THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS,
0670 MODELS, ESTUARIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING,
0672 MODELS, HYDROCARBONS , FRESHWATER, DISPERSIONS, SEDIMENTATION, *COAGULATION,
0673 MODELS, GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HYDRODYNAMICS,
0709 MODELS, COASTS, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS, *POLLUTION SUSCEPTIBILITY,
R057 MODELS, FATE, OIL SHALE, WASTEWATEPS, SOIL, SOURCES, *POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
0350 MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, SAMPLING, PORTS,
*MACOMA BALTHICA,
0361 MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, DETECTION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, UK, *MYTILUS EDULIS,
0531 MOLLUSKS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, UPTAKE, *OXYGEN DEMAND,
0535 MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, TCXICITY, WSF, WASTE OIL, MORTALITY, *MERCENARIA,
0536 MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , FUELS , FUEL OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, *MYTILUS EDULI?, *FOOD
INTAKE,
0539 MOLLUSKS, MAINE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MORTALITY, OIL SPILLS, *CLAMS,
0546 MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, CRUSTACEANS, TOXICITY,
•XENOBIOTIC CHEMICALS,
3558 MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, WSF, TOXICITY, *MUSSEL LARVAE,
0559 MCLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, BEHAVIOR, BALTIC SEA, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
0567 MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , BLACK SEA, UPTAKE, *MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS, *PARAFFINS,
0570 MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , CHROMATOGRAPHY, SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS, *PECTEN YESSOENSIS,
0572 MOLLUSKS, INTEP.TIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,
OIL TERMINALS, *MACOMA BALTHICA,
0573 MCLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTPCSCOPY, UPTAKE, *OYSTERS, *?ULFUR COMPOUNDS,
0587 MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, RELEASE, 'MUSSEL
CULTURES,
0588 MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, FRANCE, CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS, UPTAKE, RELEASE, *PORT DE BOUC
SPILL, *MUSSELS,
R050 MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, FATE, ECOSYSTEMS, MORTALITY, UPTAKE,
0322 MONITORING, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, BALLAST , SHIPS, PRODUCT
INFORMATION, *OIL CONTENT ANALYSER,
0323 MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, BALLAST , PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, *BABCOCK
CONTROLS ,
2324 MONITORING, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, STATISTICS, *COMPUTEP DIRECTORY,
8325 MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , FINLAND, COASTS, SEAWATER, SAMPLING,
0326 MONITORING, DISPERSANTS, DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL, TOXICITY,
*BICASSAY,
0327 MONITORING, DETECTION, SAMPLING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, PATENT,
0328 MONITORING, DETECTION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PATENT,
0329 MONITORING, EMULSIONS, DETECTION, *OIL IN WATER, PATENT, *PHOTOSENSOR,
0330 MONITORING, CONTAMINATION, NOPTH SEA, INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM,
0331 MONITORING, GPOUNDWATER, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT , OIL SHALE, WATER
QUALITY, *SUPFACE MINING,
0332 MONITORING, DETECTION, OIL SLICKS, *PASSIVE MICPOW&VE IMA.GER ,
0333 MONITORING, BILGES, SHIPS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, DETECTION, *CARBON ANALYSIS,
0334 MONITORING, FUEL OIL, DETECTION, SLUDGE, PATENT, *UV FLUORESCENCE,
0335 MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, DETECTION, PRODUCT INFORMATION, * INFRARED DETECTORS,
0336 MONITORING, EPA, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SPILLS, *LANDSAT, *ENVIRO-POD,
0337 MONITORING, BLOWOUTS, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, *NASA HEAT CAPACITY MAPPING MISSION,
0338 MONITORING, ESTUARIES, DISPERSIONS, DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING,
0365 MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATION,
0454 MONITORING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL, *F.NZYME TECHNOLOGY,
8512 MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL TANKS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PRODUCT
INFORMATION, *OPTIC LIQUID LEVEL SENSOR,
0514 MONITORING, PORTS, TANKERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, SAFETY, PERSONNEL TRAINING, *EXXON,
0597 MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DETECTION, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOURCES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
0615 MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OCEANS, POLLUTION CONTPCL, UN,
0697 MONITORING, WATER QUALITY, 'BIO-INDICATORS,
R021 MCNITCPING, MANUALS, EPA, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS,
R022 MONITORING, DETECTION, OIL SPILLS, US, *ALARM SYSTEM,
P023 MONITORING, HYDRCCARECNS , SAMPLING, WATER QUALITY, P»H, *QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES,
R033 MONITORING, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, PIPELINES, WATER QUALITY, STREAMS, *TAPS,
212
-------
0313 MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, FISH, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP, *ADRIAN MAERSK, *HCNG KCNG,
0516 MORTALITY, MANUALS, SPILL CLEANUP, WILDLIFE,
0535 MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, WSF, WASTE OIL, "MERCENARIA,
0537 MORTALITY, DISPERSANTS, BIRDS, BEHAVIOR, ACUTE EFFECTS, *SEABIRDS , OIL SLICKS,
0539 MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS, MAINE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, *CLAMS,
0543 MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, EMULSIFIERS, CRUSTACEANS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, *COPEPODS,
0556 MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, WSF, ZCOPLANKTON,
0557 MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, WSF, *AMPHIPODS ,
0574 MORTALITY, METULA SPILL, MARINE ORGANISMS, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
CRUDE OIL, BASELINE STUDIES,
B581 MORTALITY, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "MINNOWS, *GOLDFISH, "NORADRENALINE LEVELS,
*BRAIN TISSUES,
8584 MORTALITY, MICROORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,
ALGAE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
0585 MORTALITY, COASTS, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BALTIC SEA, POLAND, *CLANGULA HYEMALIS,
0599 MORTALITY, CARCINOGENS, BIODEGRADATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, UPTAKE,
RELEASE,
R045 MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, PETROLEUM
PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
R050 MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, FATE, ECOSYSTEMS, UPTAKE,
0589 MOVEMENT, ICE, FATE, BEHAVIOR, SPREADING, OIL SPILLS, MASSACHUSSETTS, *BUZZARDS BAY,
0650 MOVEMENT, HYDROCARBONS , GROUNDWATER, FRESHWATER, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS,
*AQUIFEP,
0320 NATURAL SEEPAGE, CANADA, OIL SLICKS, SAMPLING, *BAFFIN ISLAND,
0346 NATURAL SEEPAGE, HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, COASTS, SAMPLING, *TAIWAN,
0604 NATURAL SEEPAGE, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, OIL INDUSTRY, TANKERS, WATER
QUALITY,
R047 NATURAL SEEPAGE, INTERTIDAL 20NE, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL
EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF,
034B NEUSTON, INDIAN OCEAN, DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING, TAR, OCEANS, *NEUSTCNIC
PERIPHYTCN,
8620 NEW JERSEY, MARYLAND, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE EXPLORATION,
0316 NCAA, MODELS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, GUIDELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, STATISTICS,
0507 NOAA, EQUIPMENT, EPA, COMPENSATION, ALASKA, PEPSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP,
0617 NCAA, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, SEDIMENTS,
0321 NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EKCFISK BLCWOUT, CRUDE OIL, SPILL CLEANUP, NORWAY,
0330 NORTH SEA, MONITORING, CONTAMINATION, INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM,
0395 NORTH SEA, EQUIPMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECCVERY, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
0399 NORTH SEA, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *FR?MO
SKIMMFR,
0594 NORTH SEA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BLOWOUTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, REGULATIONS, SAFETY,
UK,
E665 NORTH SEA, FISHERIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE
DEVELOPMENT,
0619 NORTH SEA, OIL FIELDS, OIL INDUSTRY, *DEERIS AND EQUIPMENT CLEANUP,
0624 NORTH SEA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, OIL
INDUSTRY, UK, *SHETLAND ISLANDS,
0628 NORTH SEA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL, *CELTIC SEA,
•GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS,
0630 NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS, UK,
0637 NORTH SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, TANKERS, PORTS, OIL TERMINALS,
SOURCES, UK, "CELTIC SEA,
0321 NORWAY, NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EKOFjSK BLCWOUT, CRUDE OIL, ?PILL CLEANUP,
3602 NORWAY, CONTAMINATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SEDIMENTS,
0340 OCEANS, NEUSTON, INDIAN OCEAN, DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING, TAR, *NEUSTCNIC
PERIPHYTON,
0342 OCEANS, EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING, TAR, 'PLASTICS, "LITTER,
0349 OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS , 3ASELINE STUDIES, SAMPLING, SEP, SURFACE, "COASTAL WATERS,
"SHIPPING LANES,
0564 OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "PROCEEDINGS ICES
WORKSHOP,
0600 OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS , PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TRANSPORT, SEA SURFACE, "AIR-SEA
INTERFACE,
0608 OCEANS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ARCTIC, PETROLEU" PRODUCTS, SUBARCTIC
REGIONS, SOURCES,
0615 OCEANS, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, UN,
R030 OCEANS, FRESHWATER, SPILL RECOVERY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, "AMINE CARBAMATE GELATION
TECHNIQUES,
R044 OCEANS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDRCCARECNS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TCXICITY, "EIC-INDICATORS,
R053 OCEANS, MICROORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BICDEGPADATICN,
0622 CCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
0625 OCS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, GECRGES 3ANK, FISHERIES, COMPENSATION, OIL-GAS LEASING,
0627 OCS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CANADA, REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE
DRILLING, "LABRADOR SEA,
9632 OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC CCEAN, OFFSHCRE DEVELOPMENT,
213
-------
0634
0635
0636
0679
0605
0622
0624
C628
0630
0632
0677
0679
R032
R039
0618
0627
0634
0635
0636
0637
R051
R052
0620
0593
0470
0508
0591
0607
R025
0351
0619
0625
C679
3411
0463
8466
0476
0592
0604
E619
0624
0675
0331
0472
0519
0626
R041
RS46
R052
OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
TANKERS,
OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE DRILLING, SAFETY,
OCS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE DRILLING, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, *WORKSHCP,
OCS, GUIDELINES, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS LEASING,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, FISHERIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, OIL
SPILLS,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, OIL
INDUSTRY, OK, 'SHETLAND ISLANDS,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, OIL SPILLS, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL, *CELTIC SEA,
'GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, UK,
OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL PPCTECTION, 'TREATY, *LAW OF SEA
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
CONFERENCE,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
OCS, GUIDELINES, BASELINE STUDIES, OIL-GAS LEASING,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PIPELINES, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
LEAKAGE, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DETECTION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PIPELINES,
OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY, 'DRILLING MUDS,
OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CANADA,
REGULATIONS, 'LABRADOR SEA,
OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
TANKERS,
OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAFETY,
OFFSHORE DRILLING, CCS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ATLANTIC OCEAN, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, 'WORKSHOP,
OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TANKERS, PORTS, OIL TERMINALS,
SOURCES, UK, 'CELTIC SEA,
OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, EXTRACTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROCHEMICALS,
TOXICITY, OIL TRANSPORT, 'DRILLING MUDS,
OFFSHORE DRILLING, FUEL OIL, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SHALE,
OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, MEW JERSEY, MARYLAND, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, 'SYMPOSIUM,
OIL DISCHARGES, BALLAST , TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SLUDGE , 'CRUDE OIL WASHING,
OIL DISCHARGES, PERSONNEL TRAINING, TANKERS, OIL TRANSFER, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
SAFETY, REGULATIONS,
OIL DISCHARGES, ILLINOIS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, 'HEXANES,
OIL DISCHARGES, JAPAN, ECOSYSTEMS, OIL SPILLS, SHIPS, WATER QUALITY, 'TOKYO BAY,
OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, 1CUTE EFFECTS,
SAMPLING, SEAWATER, SEDIMENTS, TOXICITY,
OIL FIELDS, HYDROCARBONS , SAMPLING, WASTEWATEPS, 'ORGANIC COMPOUNDS,
OIL FIELDS, NORTH SEA, OIL INDUSTRY, 'DEBRIS AND EQUIPMENT CLEANUP,
OIL-GAS LEASING, OCS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES,
OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, GUIDELINES, BASELINE STUDIES,
OIL INDUSTRY, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, AUSTRALIA, SPILL
CLEANUP,
OIL INDUSTRY, JAPAN, BICDEGRADATION, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
PETROCHEMICALS,
OIL INDUSTRY, EQUIPMENT, ADSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'ACTIVATED CARBON,
OIL INDUSTRY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
PETROCHEMICALS, 'REVIEW,
OIL INDUSTRY, IMCO, EQUIPMENT, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, USCG,
NATURAL SEEPAGE, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, TANKERS,
COMPENSATION,
WATEP
OIL INDUSTRY,
QUALITY,
OIL INDUSTRY, OIL FIELDS, NORTH SEA, 'DEBRIS AND EQUIPMENT CLEANUP,
OIL INDUSTRY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NCRTH SEA, ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC
EFFECTS, UK, 'SHETLAND ISLANDS,
OIL INDUSTRY, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US, TANKERS, OIL TERMINALS, 'OIL
SPILL FUND,
OIL SHALE, MONITORING, GROUNDWATER, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT , WATER
QUALITY, 'SURFACE MINING,
OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPOSAL , SOLID WASTES, TAR SANDS, POLLUTION
CONTROL, 'SYNFUELS,
OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, EPA, DEVELOPMENT , POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER QUALITY, SOLID
WASTES, 'RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
OIL SHALE, HEALTH HAZARDS, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT ,
CONTAMINATION, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFFCTS, RESTORATION,
OIL SHALE, MEXICC/GULF OF, METABOLISM, CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 5EHAVIOR, 'DRILLING
FLUIDS,
OIL SHALE, FISH, DETECTION, CARCINOGENS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, 'EIOASSAY,
OIL SHALE, OFFSHORE DRILLING, FUEL OIL, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
214
-------
R057 OIL SHALE, MODELS, FATE, WASTEWATERS, SOIL, SOURCES, 'POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
0320 OIL SLICKS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, CANADA, SAMPLING, 'BAFFIN ISLAND,
0332 OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, DETECTION, *PASSIVE MICROWAVE IMAGER,
0337 OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, BLOWOUTS, REMOTE SENSING, *NASA HEAT CAPACITY MAPPING MISSION,
0374 OIL SLICKS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, WEATHERING, SPECTROSCOPY,
0406 OIL SLICKS, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RECOVERY, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT,
0537 OIL SLICKS, MORTALITY, DISPERSANTS, BIRDS, BEHAVIOR, ACUTE EFFECTS, *SEABIRDS ,
3609 OIL SLICKS, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, SOURCES, OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION
CONTROL, RED SEA,
3619 OIL SLICKS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, SEA SURFACE, *SURFACE FILMS, *GAS
EXCHANGE,
0655 OIL SLICKS, FATE, DISPERSIONS, DISPERSANTS, UK,
3669 OIL SLICKS, MODELS, FATE, SPILL CLEANUP, 'THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS,
R042 OIL SLICKS, MICROORGANISMS, FRESHWATER, ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
8IODEGRADATION, 'STABILITY,
R056 OIL SLICKS, DISPERSIONS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, 'LITERATURE SURVEY,
0313 OIL SPILLS, MORTALITY, FUEL OIL. FISH, SPILL CLEANUP, 'ADRIAN MAERSK, *HONG KONG,
0317 OIL SPILLS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, CANADA, STATISTICS, 'NATES,
0318 OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, STATISTICS, SPILL CLEANUP, 'COMPUTER DIRECTORY,
0336 OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, EPA, REMOTE SENSING, 'LANDSAT, 'ENVIRO-POD,
0339 OIL SPILLS, DETECTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, REMOTE SENSING, 'BACKSCATTERING
TECHNIQUES,
0379 OIL SPILLS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, 'SPLITLESS INJECTION,
0332 OIL SPILLS, CHRCMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, USCG,
SPECTROSCCPY,
0429 OIL SPILLS, MANUALS, BIRDS, RESTORATION, 'CARE & TREATMENT,
0431 OIL SPILLS, ECOSYSTEMS, BOOK REVIEW, RESTORATION, 'ECOLOGICAL DISASTERS,
0440 OIL SPILLS, FUELS , FUEL OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, STORAGE, OIL TRANSPORT, REFINING,
0447 OIL SPILLS, MICROORGANISMS, INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE
OIL TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS,
0503 OIL SPILLS, INLAND, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA, PERSONNEL
TRAINING, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
0510 OIL SPILLS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, COASTS, CANADA, SPILL CLEANUP,
0523 OIL SPILLS, USCG, TANKERS, REGULATIONS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, STANDARDS, POLLUTION
PREVENTION, 'NAVIGATION AIDS,
0529 OIL SPILLS, MASSACHUSETTS, «APSHES, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, TOXICITY,
*UCA PAGNAX,
0539 OIL SPILLS, MORTALITY, MCLLUSKS, MAINE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 'CLAMS,
0566 OIL SPILLS, FRESHWATER, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC,
PLANKTON , 'INSECTS, 'COASTAL TUNDRA PONDS,
0588 OIL SPILLS, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, FRANCE, CONTAMINATION, UPTAKE, RELEASE, 'PORT DE 80UC
SPILL, 'MUSSELS,
0589 OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, ICE, FATE, BEHAVIOR, SPREADING, MPSSACHUSSETTS, 'BUZZARDS BAY,
0590 OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, CALIFORNIA, 'MONETARY
VALUES,
0605 OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, FISHERIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST
ANALYSIS ,
0607 OIL SPILLS, OIL DISCHARGES, JAPAN, ECOSYSTEMS, SHIPS, WATER QUALITY, 'TOKYO BAY,
0609 OIL SPILLS, OIL SLICKS, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, SOURCES, POLLUTION
CONTROL, RED SEA,
0616 OIL SPILLS, GUIDELINES, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, BEAUFORT SFA, ARCTIC,
'SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE STUDIES,
0623 OIL SPILLS, MANUALS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EIS, POLLUTION CONTROL, TANKERS,
PLATFORMS, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,
0628 OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL, 'CELTIC SEA,
'GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS,
0653 OIL SPILLS, GEORGES BANK, BEACHES, ATLANTIC COAST, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, USGS,
0663 OIL SPILLS, BIODEGRADATION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ARCTIC, WEATHERING, TOXICITY,
R021 OIL SPILLS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, MANUALS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, EPA,
R022 OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, DETECTION, US, 'ALARM SYSTEM,
8400 OIL TANKS, EQUIPMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
3420 OIL TANKS, EMULSIONS, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'DETERGENTS,
0433 OIL TANKS, JAPAN, STORAGE, POLLUTION PREVENTION, *AIR CUSHION MOVEMENT ,
0443 OIL TANKS, CONTAMINATION, STORAGE, 'CORROSION,
0512 OIL TANKS, MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PRODUCT
INFORMATION, 'OPTIC LIQUID LEVEL SENSOR,
0518 OIL TANKS,'CRUDE OIL, BALLAST , TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'LOAD-ON-TOP, 'CRUCE
OIL WASHING,
R036 OIL TANKS, ECONOMICS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REUSE, RECLAMATION, TCXICITY, 'TANK TRUCK
WASHING,
0572 OIL TERMINALS, MOLLUSKS, INTEPTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BASELINE
STUDIES, ALASKA, *v.ACOMA BALTHICA,
0637 OIL TERMINALS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TANKERS, POPTS,
SOURCES, UK, 'CELTIC SEA,
0675 OIL TERMINALS, OIL INDUSTRY, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US, TANKERS, 'OIL
SPILL FUND,
215
-------
0678
0434
0500
0508
B435
0440
0527
0600
R051
0400
0406
0450
0457
0459
0467
0476
0479
0480
0481
0482
0483
0484
0485
0486
0487
B488
0489
0490
0491
3492
0493
0494
0495
0496
0694
R037
0624
0630
3449
0451
0478
0410
0606
3343
0360
0364
0368
0549
0698
0705
R023
0327
0328
0329
0334
0385
0388
04E3
0404
OIL TERMINALS, GUIDELINES, POLLUTION PREVENTION, WASTEWATERS, SAFETY, 'FLOATING
RECEPTION FACILITIES,
OIL TRANSFER, HARBORS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PORTS, STATISTICS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
UK, *MILFORD HAVEN,
OIL TRANSFER, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, REGULATIONS, USCG,
*PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS,
OIL TRANSFER, OIL DISCHARGES, PERSONNEL TRAINING, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
SAFETY, REGULATIONS,
OIL TRANSPORT, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, ALASKA, PIPELINES, TANKERS, WATER
QUALITY, US,
OIL TRANSPORT, FUEL OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, STOPAGE, REFINING, OIL SPILLS, FUELS ,
OIL TRANSPORT, COST ANALYSIS, SHIPS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP, PORTS,
SAFETY,
OIL TRANSPORT, OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS , PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SEA SURFACE, *AIR-SEA
INTERFACE,
OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, EXTRACTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
PETROCHEMICALS, TOXICITY, *DRILLING MUDS,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL TANKS, EQUIPMENT, SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL SLICKS, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, HASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION , WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *POLYURETHANE FOAM,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PRECIPITATION, PATENT,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL INDUSTRY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
PETROCHEMICALS, *REVIEW,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, *CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION,
LUBRICATING OIL, FUELS , FILTRATION , BILGES, SHIPS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, *PURIFICATION,
EXTRACTION, DISTILLATION, SOLVENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
ADSORPTION,
ADSORPTION,
FILTRATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
WASTEWATERS,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
PETROCHEMICALS,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
*SEPARATION TANK,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
DRAINS,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
OIL-WATER SEPARATION
PATENT,
WASTEWATERS, PATENT, *POLYETHLYLENE,
, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, WASTEWATER TPEATMENT,
ADSORPTION, WASTEWATERS, PATENT, *DIATOMITE, *ZEOLITE,
BILGES,, WASTEWATERS, FILTRATION , PATENT, *POLYPROPYLENE FIBER,
FILTRATION , EQUIPMENT, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, PATENT,
ADSORPTION, ABSORPTION, PATENT, *SILICATE SORBENTS,
PATENT, *FIBER SHEET, 'TURBINE OIL,
WASTEWATERS, PATENT, *PVC MEMBRANE,
INCINERATION, FLOCCULATION, FILTRATION , EMULSIONS, 'COMPRESSOR
FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, SURFACTANTS,
•MINERAL OIL, 'POLYETHYLENE SCRAPS,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOCCULATION, WASTEWATERS, PATENT, *THIOLIGNIN ACID,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION, PATENT, *FIBERS,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SPILL CLEANUP, SPREADING,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, 'REVIEW,
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL INDUSTRY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, SOCIO-ECONOMIC
EFFECTS, UK, 'SHETLAND ISLANDS,
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, UK,
OXIDATION, INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION, ADSORPTION, PETROCHEMICALS, WASTEWATFP
TREATMENT, 'ACTIVATED CARBON,
OXIDATION, REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'BIOCHEMICAL TREATMENT,
OXIDATION, REFINERIES, WASTFWATER TREATMENT, 'AERATION PONDS,
PACIFIC OCEAN, PRODUCT INFORMATION, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, 'CLEAN SWEEP SKIMMER,
PACIFIC OCEAN, INDUSTRIES, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
PAH, CONTAMINATION, CARCINOGENS, SAMPLING, 'CONTAMINANT REMOVAL,
CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, *HPLC, 'LITERATURE SURVEY,
CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOLUBILITY,
HEALTH HAZARDS, FCOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, CARCINOGENS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CARCINOGENS,
PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, EXTRACTION, CARCINOGENS, WATER QUALITY, 'CHLORINATION,
PAH, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , SAMPLING, WATER QUALITY, 'QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES,
DETECTION, SAMPLING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATEPS,
DETECTION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
EMULSIONS, DETECTION, 'OIL IN WATER, 'PHOTOSENSOR,
FUEL OIL, DETECTION, SLUDGE, *UV FLUORESCENCE,
PATENT, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,
PATENT, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,
PATENT, EQUIPMENT, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, 'POLYPROPYLENE,
PATENT, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP,
PAH,
PAH,
PAH,
PAH,
PAH,
PATENT, MONITORING,
PATENT, MONITORING,
PATENT, MONITORING,
PATENT, MONITORING,
216
-------
0406
0407
0408
0412
0413
0414
0415
0417
0421
0422
0425
0427
0450
0452
0456
0457
0464
0467
0471
0479
0481
0483
0434
0436
2487
0488
0489
0490
0491
0495
0496
0498
0499
0500
0501
0502
0503
0504
0505
0506
0507
0508
0509
0514
0520
0523
R038
0447
0449
0461
3463
0476
0485
0623
R051
0327
0328
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL SLICKS, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RECOVERY,
PATENT, SPILL RECOVERY, SEAWATER, WASTEWATERS, 'POWDERED PLASTICS', *FOAM,
PATENT, MARINE ORGANISMS, SPILL CLEANUP, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
PATENT, EQUIPMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, *PLASTIC DISKS,
PATENT, FRESHWATER, DISPERSANTS, BACTERIA, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SPILL CLEANUP, SEAWATER,
PATENT, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, *WATER SPRAY BOOMS ,
ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, *PINE CHIPS,
ADSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, *PINE CHIPS,
PATENT, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, *CCCONUT SHELL,
PATENT, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SPILL CLEANUP, *CRYOTHERMAL MATERIAL,
PATENT, ADSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, *SORBENT FOAM,
SEAWATER, *RESIN FILAMENT,
EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SURFACTANTS,
EMULSIONS, ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PRECIPITATION,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
PATENT, ADSORPTION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL DISPOSAL, *MAGNETIC
POWDER,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PRECIPITATION,
PATENT, FILTRATION , WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SURFACTANTS,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'PURIFICATION,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION, WASTEWATERS, *POLYETHLYLENE,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION, WASTEWATERS, *DIATOMITE, "ZEOLITE,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, BILGES, WASTEWATERS, FILTRATION , 'POLYPROPYLENE FIBER,
PATENT,
PATENT,
PATENT,
PATENT ,
PATENT,
PATENT,
PATENT,
ADSORPTION,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
•SEPARATION TANK,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
FILTRATION , EQUIPMENT, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS,
PATENT,
PATENT,
ADSORPTION,
ADSORPTION,
FILTRATION
ABSORPTION, 'SILICATE SORBENTS,
'FIBER SHEET, 'TURBINE OIL,
WASTEWATERS, *PVC MEMBRANE,
FLOCCULATION, WASTEWATERS, 'THIOLIGNIN ACID,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION, 'FIBERS,
PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, SLUDGE ,
PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, REGULATIONS, USCG,
'PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, COASTS, CANADA, SPILL CLEANUP, 'ONSHORE CLEANUP,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS, INLAND, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
CANADA, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, COASTS, CANADA, BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION, 'PRINCE
EDWARD ISLAND, 'SEMINAR,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SHIPS, TANKERS, REGULATIONS,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP, 'OIL SPILL
CONTROL COURSE,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, NCAA, EQUIPMENT, EPA, COMPENSATION, ALASKA, SPILL CLEANUP,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER, OIL DISCHARGES, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
SAFETY, REGULATIONS,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
'VIKOMA OCEANPACK,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, MONITORING, PORTS, TANKERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, SAFETY, 'EXXON,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, INLAND, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
'SORBENTS, 'FIRE-FIGHTING,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS, USCG, TANKERS, REGULATIONS, STANDARDS, POLLUTION
PREVENTION, 'NAVIGATION AIDS,
PERSONNEL TRAINING, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, TANKERS, STATISTICS, 'TANKER CASUALTIES,
'COMPUTER SERVICES,
PETROCHEMICALS, OIL SPILLS, MICROORGANISMS, INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION, WASTEWATER
TREATMENT, WASTE OIL TREATMENT,
PETROCHEMICALS, OXIDATION, INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION, ADSORPTION, WASTEWATEB
TREATMENT, 'ACTIVATED CARBON,
PETROCHEMICALS, CONTAMINATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'STEAM CONDENSATE REUSE ,
PETROCHEMICALS, OIL INDUSTRY, JAPAN, BIODEGRADATION, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER
TREATMENT,
PETROCHEMICALS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
TREATMENT, 'REVIEW,
PETROCHEMICALS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
TREATMENT,
PETROCHEMICALS, OIL SPILLS, MANUALS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EIS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
TANKERS, PLATFORMS, REFINERIES,
PETROCHEMICALS, OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, EXTRACTION,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY, 'DRILLING MUDS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, MONITORING, DETECTION, SAMPLING, WASTEKATERS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, MONITORING, DETECTION, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
OIL INDUSTRY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER
FILTRATION , AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, WASTEWATER
217
-------
0359
0362
0371
0408
B413
0422
0440
0482
0488
0520
0531
0534
0549
0550
0561
0563
0568
0571
0584
0597
0599
0600
0602
0608
0612
0614
0673
RB24
R026
R045
R046
0598
0639
0650
0659
0667
0709
R056
0645
0661
0435
0515
R032
R033
R039
0353
0566
0576
0663
0623
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS
*BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,
CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SPECTROSCOPY,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ADSORPTION, SOIL,
PATENT, MARINE ORGANISMS, SPILL CLEANUP,
PATENT, FRESHWATER, DISPERSANTS, BACTERIA, SPILL CLEANUP, SEAWATER,
PATENT, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, *CRYOTHERMAL MATERIAL,
OIL SPILLS, FUELS , FUEL OIL, STORAGE, OIL TRANSPORT, REFINING,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EXTRACTION, DISTILLATION, SOLVENTS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
WASTEWATERS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION , EQUIPMENT, WASTEWATERS,
•SEPARATION TANK,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, INLAND, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP,
*SORBENTS, *FIRE-FIGHTING,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MOLLUSKS, UPTAKE, *OXYGEN DEMAND,
MICROORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SURFACTANTS,
PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, FOOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, CARCINOGENS,
HEALTH HAZARDS, CARCINOGENS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
ECHINODERMS, DISPERSANTS, *SEA URCHINS, TOXICITY, *BIO-INDICATORS,
METABOLISM, INVERTEBRATES
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
TOXICITY,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS,
EUROPE, DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY,
EUROPE, DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY,
INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL
SEA SURFACE, *AIR-SEA
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY, MICROORGANISMS
EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, ALGAE,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DETECTION, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOURCES,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY, CARCINOGENS, BIODEGRADATION, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, UPTAKE,
RELEASE,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TRANSPORT, OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS
INTERFACE,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, NORWAY, CONTAMINATION, SEDIMENTS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ARCTIC, SUBARCTIC
REGIONS, SOURCES,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CONTAMINATION, BLACK SEA, SEAWATER, *BULGARIA,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FISHERIES, FISH, CONTAMINATION, COASTS, ATLANTIC COAST, *MIDDLE
ATLANTIC BIGHT,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MODELS, GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION, *HYDRODYNAMICS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPERSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING, *QUANTITATION,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FRESHWATER, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SEDIMENTS,
SEAWATER, *IN SITU ANALYSIS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE
EFFECTS, TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL SHALE, FISH, DETECTION, CARCINOGENS, *BIOASSAY,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCES,
HYDROCARBONS ,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS,
EXCHANGE,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS,
•AQUIFER,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MICROORGANISMS, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,
ARCTIC,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, WEATHERING, *PCLLUTANT TRANSFER,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MODELS, COASTS, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT, *POLLUTION SUSCEPTIBILITY,
PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SLICKS, DISPERSIONS, *LITERATURE SURVEY,
PHYTOPLANKTON, FUEL OIL, ECOSYSTEMS, DISTRIBUTION, BIODEGRADATION, 20OPLANKTON,
PHYTOPLANKTON, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, FATE, BIODEGRADATION, CRUSTACEANS, SEDIMENTATION,
•NAPHTHALENES,
PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, ALASKA, TANKERS, WATER
QUALITY, US,
PIPELINES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, BLOWOUT PREVENTION, ARCTIC,
US, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP,
PIPELINES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
PIPELINES, MONITORING, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, WATER QUALITY, STREAMS, *TAPS,
PIPELINES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LEAKAGE, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DETECTION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
PLANKTON , INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SAMPLING, UK,
•N-ALKANES,
PLANKTON , OIL SPILLS, FRESHWATER, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
ARCTIC, *INSECTS, *COASTAL TUNDRA PONDS,
PLANKTON , MODELS, FATE, CONTAMINATION, BICLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,
PLANKTON , BEHAVIOR, ADSORPTION, ABSORPTION, *BENZENE,
PLATFORMS, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL SPILLS, MANUALS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EIS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, TANKERS, REFINERIES,
OIL SLICKS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, SEA SURFACE, 'SURFACE FILMS, *GAS
MOVEMENT, HYDROCARBONS , GROUNDWATER, FRESHWATER, WASTEWATERS,
218
-------
0319
0585
0312
0314
0315
0323
0326
0375
0383
0390
0432
0434
0454
0462
3472
0502
0506
0509
0514
0519
0522
0524
E'525
3538
0591
0592
0596
0609
0611
0615
0623
0631
0646
0670
0676
0682
0683
0685
0686
0687
0688
8689
0690
0691
0692
0693
0702
0787
0328
0420
0433
0442
POLAND, COASTS, BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, SAMPLING, STATISTICS,
POLAND, MORTALITY, COASTS, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BALTIC SEA, *CLANGULA HYEMALIS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, FATE, EVAPORATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
CONTAMINATION, COASTS, AFRICA,
HYDROCARBONS , ECUADOR, DETECTION,
MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, BALLAST , PRODUCT INFORMATION, *BABCOCK
MONITORING, DISPERSANTS, DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, TOXICITY,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
CONTROLS,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
*BIOASSAY,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
*LUCAN BOOM,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
CO,
POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS, USCG, TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST,
*EMERGENCY STEERING,
POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL TRANSFER, HARBORS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PORTS, STATISTICS,
UK, *MILFORD HAVEN,
POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, USCG,
EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, TANKERS,
EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *VATOR OY
'DOUBLE BOTTOMS,
SHIPS, *ENZYME TECHNOLOGY,
GROUNDWATER, SOIL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *FUEL
POLLUTION CONTROL, HYDROCARBONS
DEPOTS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPOSAL
SANDS, *SYNFUELS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING
PERSONNEL TRAINING
SOLID WASTES, TAR
SPILL CLEANUP,
CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL CLEANUP, *OIL SPILL
BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION,
'EXXON,
SOLID
POLLUTION CONTROL,
CONTROL COURSE,
POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING
*VIKOMA OCEANPACK,
POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING, MONITORING, PORTS, TANKERS, SAFETY,
POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, EPA, DEVELOPMENT , WATER QUALITY
WASTES, 'RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, HYDROCARBONS , CHRONIC EFFECTS, TAR, TANKERS,
SOURCES,
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS,
INDUSTRIES, COST ANALYSIS,
MICROORGANISMS, HEALTH HAZARDS, *MICRCBIOLCGICAL ASPECTS,
OIL DISCHARGES, ILLINOIS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, PECULATIONS, *HEXANES,
OIL INDUSTRY, IMCO, EQUIPMENT, REGULATIONS, USCG,
LEGISLATION, CONTAMINATION, SOURCES,
OIL SPILLS, OIL SLICKS, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
SOURCES, RED SEA,
POLLUTION CONTROL, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, OCEANS, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, UN,
POLLUTION CONTROL, PLATFORMS, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL SPILLS, MANUALS, ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION, SIS, TANKERS, REFINERIES,
POLLUTION CONTROL, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, *COASTAL ZONE
MANAGEMENT, CONFERENCE,
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL
WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES
WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
POLLUTION CCNTROL, INDUSTRIES
TREATMENT, "OZONE,
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES
TREATMENT, ULTRAFILTRATION
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES
TREATMENT, ULTRAFILTRATION
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES
TREATMENT, ULTRAFILTRATION
POLLUTION CONTROL, GUIDELINES
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
POLLUTION CONTROL
TREATMENT,
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL
MICROORGANISMS, FUELS , CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, SEAWATER,
MODELS, ESTUARIES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING,
LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, CONTAMINANTS, BOOK REVIEW,
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, GREAT LAKES, CANADA, WATER QUALITY, US,
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, 'RATIFICATION,
INDUSTRIES, COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE,
COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATEP
EQUIPMENT, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATEP TREATMENT
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER
*MEMBRANES,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER
*MEMBRANES,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATER
*MEMERANES,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, STANDARDS,
INDUSTRIES, ECONOMICS, CCPT ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WASTEWATEP
OZONE,
INDUSTRIES, EQUIPMENT, WASTEWATERS,
INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, REGULATIONS,
POLLUTION PREVENTION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, MONITORING, DETECTION,
POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TANKS, EMULSIONS, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, 'DETERGENTS,
POLLUTION PREVENTION, JAPAN, OIL TANKS, STORAGE, 'AIR CUSHION «CVEMENT ,
POLLUTION
PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, TANKERS, SAFETY, SURVEILLANCE, US,
219
-------
0470 POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES, BALLAST , TANKERS, SLUDGE , *CRUDE OIL WASHING,
0503 POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS, INLAND, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA,
0505 POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SHIPS, TANKEPS, REGULATIONS,
0508 POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER, OIL DISCHARGES, TANKERS,
SAFETY, REGULATIONS,
0511 POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, TANKERS, "ANTI-POLLUTION VALVE,
0512 POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TANKS, MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PRODUCT
INFORMATION, *OPTIC LIQUID LEVEL SENSOR,
0513 POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, TANKERS,
0515 POLLUTION PREVENTION, PIPELINES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIPONMENTAL PROTECTION,
BLOWOUT PREVENTION, ARCTIC, US, SPILL CLEANUP,
0518 POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TANKS, CRUDE OIL, BALLAST , TANKERS, "LOAD-ON-TOP, *CRUDE
OIL WASHING,
0521 POLLUTION PREVENTION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, *CRUDE
OIL HASHING,
0523 POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS, USCG, TANKERS, REGULATIONS,
STANDARDS, "NAVIGATION AIDS,
0527 POLLUTION PREVENTION, GIL TRANSPORT, COST ANALYSIS, SHIPS, SPILL CLEANUP, PORTS,
SAFETY,
0528 POLLUTION PREVENTION, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, UN,
0594 POLLUTION PREVENTION, NORTH SEA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BLOWOUTS, REGULATIONS, SAFETY,
UK,
0636 POLLUTION PREVENTION, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, "WORKSHOP,
0678 POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TERMINALS, GUIDELINES, WASTEWATEPS, SAFETY, "FLOATING
RECEPTION FACILITIES,
0681 POLLUTION PREVENTION, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, TANKERS,
0701 POLLUTION PREVENTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, "CYANIDE REMOVAL, "POWDERED
ACTIVATED CARBON,
0709 POLLUTION PREVENTION, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MODELS, COASTS, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT, "POLLUTION SUSCEPTIBILITY,
R030 POLLUTION PREVENTION, OCEANS, FRESHWATER, SPILL RECOVERY, "AMINE CARBAMATE GELATION
TECHNIQUES,
R032 POLLUTION PREVENTION, PIPELINES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
0577 PCLYCHAETES, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, WSF, TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, "NEANTHES
ARENACEODENTATA,
0350 PORTS, MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, SAMPLING,
"MACOMA BALTHICft,
0434 PORTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL TRANSFER, HARBORS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, STATISTICS,
UK, "MILFORD HAVEN,
0514 PORTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING, MONITORING, TANKERS, SAFETY, "EXXON,
0527 PORTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TRANSPORT, COST ANALYSIS, SHIPS, SPILL CLEANUP,
SAFETY,
0633 PORTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ONSHORE EFFECTS, TEXAS,
"SUPERPORTS
0637 PORTS, OIL TERMINALS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TANKERS,
SOURCES, UK, "CELTIC SEA,
0456 PRECIPITATION, PATENT, EMULSIONS, ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
0467 PRECIPITATION, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
0322 PRODUCT INFORMATION, MONITORING, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, BALLAST ,
SHIPS, "OIL CONTENT ANALYSER,
0323 PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, BALLAST , "BABCOCK
CONTROLS,
0335 PRODUCT INFORMATION, MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, DETECTION, "INFRARED DETECTORS,
2.373 PRODUCT INFORMATION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, "OIL-IN-WATER ANALYSIS, "PHOTOMETERS,
"TELECYNE,
0383 PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, TANKERS,
"LUCAN BOOM,
0386 PRODUCT INFORMATION, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, "BOA-BOOM II,
0387 PRODUCT INFORMATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CONTAINMENT, "OIL COLLECTANT DISPENSER,
0390 PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, "VATOR OY
CO,
0391 PRODUCT INFORMATION, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, "FORBENT,
0392 PRODUCT INFORMATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, STORAGE, "DRACCNE BARGE,
0393 PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, UK,
0394 PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMEPS,
"EUROSKIMMER,
0395 PRODUCT INFORMATION, NORTH SEA, EQUIPMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY,
0396 PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, "FIELD TESTING,
0399 PRODUCT INFORMATION, NORTH SEA, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, "FRAMO
SKIMMER,
0400 PRODUCT INFORMATION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL TANKS, EQUIPMENT, SKIMMERS,
0402 PRODUCT INFORMATION, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP,
0405 PRODUCT INFORMATION, SPILL CLEANUP, "HELLE ENGINEERING, "FLOTATION SUPPORT,
220
-------
0409
0410
0423
0424
0426
0428
0589
0512
0517
0526
0377
0445
0455
0469
0497
9498
8499
R036
0444
0445
0497
0609
0451
0458
0460
0465
0468
0473
0474
0478
0621
0623
0629
0701
R034
R035
0440
0469
0432
0441
0500
0505
0508
0523
0591
0592
0594
0627
0674
0707
0533
0552
0587
0588
0599
0336
0337
PRODUCT INFORMATION, ALASKA/GULF OF, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, 'CLEAN SWEEP SKIMMER,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, PACIFIC OCEAN, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, *CLEAN SWEEP SKIMMER,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, SKIMMERb, SPILL CLEANUP, *SKIM INC,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, *TREE BARK CHIPS,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, *VISCOUS OIL SOREENT TYPE 356,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, *VIKCMA OCEANPACK,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP,
*VIKOMA OCEANPACK,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TANKS, MONITORING, EQUIPMENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, *OPTIC LIQUID LEVEL SENSOR,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, SAFETY, TANKERS, *GEC MECHANICS HANDLING LTD, 'COUPLING,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, BLOWOUT PREVENTION, SAFETY, *M&M 2000T SERIES NEEDLE VALVE,
PRODUCTION , MISSISSIPPI RIVER, MEXICO/GULF OF, HYDROCARBONS , SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
RECLAMATION, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL , WASTE OIL, RECYCLING,
RECLAMATION, INDUSTRIES, DISPOSAL , BIODEGRADATION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, WASTEWATER
TREATMENT,
RECLAMATION, CONTAMINATION, WASTE OIL, REFINING, 'COMBUSTION,
RECLAMATION, FUEL OIL, WASTE OIL, RECYCLING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'CENTRIFUGATION,
RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL, SLUDGE ,
RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL,
RECLAMATION, OIL TANKS, ECONOMICS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REUSE, TOXICITY, 'TANK TRUCK
WASHING,
RECYCLING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE OILS, REUSE, 'THERMAL PROCESS,
RECYCLING, RECLAMATION, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL , WASTE OIL,
RECYCLING, RECLAMATION, FUEL OIL, WASTE OIL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'CENTRIFUGATION,
RED SEA, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SPILLS, OIL SLICKS, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
BEHAVIOR, SOURCES,
REFINERIES, OXIDATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'BIOCHEMICAL TREATMENT,
REFINERIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
REFINERIES, FLOTATION, FLOCCULATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'COAGULATION,
REFINERIES, MICHIGAN, GREAT LAKES, DISPOSAL , DISPERSIONS, COASTS, WASTEWATF.RS ,
SPREADING,
REFINERIES, MICROORGANISMS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'TEMPERATURE EFFECTS,
REFINERIES, INDUSTRIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
REFINERIES, FLOTATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SEDIMENTATION,
REFINERIES, OXIDATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'AERATION PONDS,
REFINERIES, EPA, DEVELOPMENT , VIRGINIA, 'JAMES RIVER,
REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, PLATFORMS, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL SPILLS, MANUALS,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EIS, TANKERS,
REFINERIES, CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BENTHOS, WASTEWATERS,
REFINERIES, POLLUTION PREVENTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'CYANIDE REMOVAL, 'POWDERED
ACTIVATED CARBON,
REFINERIES, ADSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, TOXICITY, 'ACTIVATED CARBON, 'BIOASSAY,
REFINERIES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *GC/MS,
REFINING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL SPILLS, FUELS , FUEL OIL, STORAGE, OIL TRANSPORT,
REFINING, RECLAMATION, CONTAMINATION, WASTE OIL, 'COMBUSTION,
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, USCG, TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, 'DOUBLE BOTTOMS,
'EMERGENCY STEERING,
REGULATIONS, IMCO, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST , TANKERS,
REGULATIONS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
'PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS,
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SHIPS, TANKERS,
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER, OIL DISCHARGES,
TANKERS, SAFETY,
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS, USCG, TANKERS,
STANDARDS, 'NAVIGATION AIDS,
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL DISCHARGES, ILLINOIS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, 'HEXANES,
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL INDUSTRY, IMCO, EQUIPMENT, USCG,
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, NORTH SEA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BLOWOUTS, SAFETY,
UK,
REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, DCS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
CANADA, 'LABRADOR SEA,
REGULATIONS, LEGISLATION, TANKERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SAFETY, US, SEGREGATED BALLAST,
REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
RELEASE, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS , TOXICITY, UPTAKE, WSF,
RELEASE, FISH, DISPERSANTS, CALIFORNIA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODFGRADATION, SPILL
CLEANUP, UPTAKE,
RELEASE, MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, 'MUSSEL
CULTURES,
RELEASE, OIL SPILLS, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, FRANCE, CONTAMINATION, UPTAKE, 'PORT DE BOUC
SPILL, 'MUSSELS,
RELEASE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY, CARCINOGENS, BIODEGRADATION, SUBLETHAL
UPTAKE,
'COMPUTER METHODS,
USCG,
EFFECTS,
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, EPA,
'LANDSPT, 'ENVIRO-POD,
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, BLOWOUTS, 'NASA HEAT CAPACITY MAPPING MISSION,
221
-------
0338 REMOTE SENSING, MONITORING, ESTUARIES, DISPERSIONS, DETECTION,
0339 REMOTE SENSING, OIL SPILLS, DETECTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, *BACKSCATTERING
TECHNIQUES,
0530 REPRODUCTION, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, *EGG HATCHABILITY,
0532 REPRODUCTION, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, GROWTH, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL,
0636 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
ATLANTIC OCEAN, *WORKSHOP,
0706 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, INDUSTRIES, ECOSYSTEMS,
0709 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MODELS, COASTS,
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, *POLLUTION SUSCEPTIBILITY,
0429 RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, MANUALS, BIRDS, *CARE & TREATMENT,
0430 RESTORATION, MANUALS, GUIDELINES, BIRDS, WILDLIFE, 'OILED ANIMALS , *CARE & TREATMENT,
0431 RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, ECOSYSTEMS, BOOK REVIEW, 'ECOLOGICAL DISASTERS,
0504 RESTORATION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, COASTS, CANADA, BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP, 'PRINCE
EDWARD ISLAND, 'SEMINAR,
0626 RESTORATION, OIL SHALE, HEALTH HAZARDS, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT
CONTAMINATION, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
R031 RESTORATION, MANUALS, EQUIPMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, SHORELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
'FIELD METHODS,
0444 REUSE, RECYCLING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE OILS, 'THERMAL PROCESS,
R036 REUSE, RECLAMATION, OIL TANKS, ECONOMICS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, TOXICITY, 'TANK TRUCK
WASHING,
0442 SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, TANKERS, SURVEILLANCE, US,
0508 SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER, OIL
DISCHARGES, TANKERS,
0514 SAFETY, PORTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING, MONITORING, TANKERS, 'EXXON,
0517 SAFETY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, TANKERS, *GEC MECHANICS HANDLING LTD, 'COUPLING,
0526 SAFETY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, BLOWOUT PREVENTION, *M&M 2000T SERIES NEEDLE VALVE,
0527 SAFETY, PORTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TRANSPORT, COST ANALYSIS, SHIPS, SPILL
CLEANUP,
0594 SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, NORTH SEA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BLOWOUTS,
UK,
0635 SAFETY, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
0674 SAFETY, REGULATIONS, LEGISLATION, TANKERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, US, SEGREGATED BALLAST,
0678 SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TERMINALS, GUIDELINES, WASTEWATEPS, 'FLOATING
RECEPTION FACILITIES,
0319 SAMPLING, POLAND, COASTS, BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, STATISTICS,
0320 SAMPLING, OIL SLICKS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, CANADA, 'BAFFIN ISLAND,
0325 SAMPLING, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , FINLAND, COASTS, SEAWATER,
0327 SAMPLING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, MONITORING, DETECTION, WASTEWATERS,
3340 SAMPLING, OCEANS, NEUSTON, INDIAN OCEAN, DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, TAR, 'NEUSTONIC
PERIPHYTON,
0341 SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BALTIC SEA,
0342 SAMPLING, OCEANS, EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, TAR, 'PLASTICS, 'LITTER,
0343 SAMPLING, PAH, CONTAMINATION, CARCINOGENS, 'CONTAMINANT REMOVAL,
0344 SAMPLING, DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ATLANTIC OCEAN, TAR, 'COMPOSITION, 'WEIGHT,
0345 SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SEA SURFACE, SEAWATER,
SEDIMENTS, 'N-ALKANES,
0346 SAMPLING, NATURAL SEEPAGE, HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, COASTS, 'TAIWAN,
0347 SAMPLING, INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , GREENLAND, FISH, COASTS, SEDIMENTS,
0348 SAMPLING, EXTRACTION, CONTAMINATION, SEAWATER, 'N-ALKANE ANALYSES,
B349 SAMPLING, OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS , BASELINE STUDIES, SEA SURFACE, 'COASTAL WATERS,
'SHIPPING LANES,
8350 SAMPLING, PORTS, MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,
'MACOMA BALTHICA,
0351 SAMPLING, OIL FIELDS, HYDROCARBONS , WASTEWATERS, 'ORGANIC COMPOUNDS,
0352 SAMPLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE,
3353 SAMPLING, PLANKTON , INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, UK,
'N-ALKANES,
3354 SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , ATLANTIC OCEAN, 'NOVA SCOTIA, 'GULF STREAM, 'BIOGENIC
HYDROCARBONS,
0369 SAMPLING, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
0570 SAMPLING, MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , CHROMATOGRAPHY, SEDIMENTS, 'PECTEN YESSOENSIS,
0601 SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, 'REVIEW,
0664 SAMPLING, FATE, DECOMPOSITION, TAR, SARGASSO SEA, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
3670 SAMPLING, POLLUTION CONTROL, MODELS, ESTUARIES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
R023 SAMPLING, PAH, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , WATER QUALITY, 'QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES,
R024 SAMPLING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPERSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, 'QUANTITATION,
R025 SAMPLING, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ACUTE
EFFECTS, SEAWATER, SEDIMENTS, TOXICITY,
0628 SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL, CIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, 'CELTIC SEA,
'GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS,
0370 SARGASSO SEA, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, TAR,
0569 SARGASSO SEA, HYDROCAPEONS , FOOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, 'TRANSFER , 'EIOGENIC
HYDROCARBONS,
222
-------
0662
0664
0666
0345
0349
0600
0639
0648
0651
0652
0662
0325
0345
0348
0356
0407
0413
0427
0612
0641
0646
0649
R025
R026
0414
0603
0661
0672
0345
0347
0352
0367
0570
0575
3602
0603
0617
0638
0641
0647
R025
R026
R049
0432
0521
0674
0322
0333
0454
0480
0505
0527
SARGASSO SEA, PATE, DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, TAR, SEA SURFACE, *NCRTH ATLANTIC,
SARGASSO SEA, SAMPLING, FATE, DECOMPOSITION, TAR, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
SARGASSO SEA, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, TAR, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
WEATHERING,
SEA SURFACE, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGPAPHY, SEAWATER,
SEDIMENTS, *N-ALKANES,
SEA SURFACE, SAMPLING, OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS , BASELINE STUDIES, *COASTAL WATERS,
•SHIPPING LANES,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TRANSPORT, OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS
*AIR-SEA
PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SLICKS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, 'SURFACE FILMS, *GAS
MODELS, HYDROCARBONS , EVAPORATION, TAR, WEATHERING,
FUEL OIL, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROSCOPY, *REFRACTIVE
FUEL OIL, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
ATLANTIC OCEAN, TAR, *NORTH ATLANTIC,
FINLAND, COASTS,
DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY,
'N-ALKANE ANALYSES,
SEA SURFACE,
INTERFACE
SEA SURFACE,
EXCHANGE,
SEA SURFACE,
SEA SURFACE,
INDEX,
SEA SURFACE,
SEA SURFACE, SARGASSO SEA, FATE, DISTRIBUTION,
SEAWATER, SAMPLING, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS ,
SEAWATER, SEA SURFACE, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS
SEDIMENTS, *N-ALKANES,
SEAWATER, SAMPLING, EXTRACTION, CONTAMINATION,
SEAWATER, HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
SURFACTANTS,
SEAWATER, PATENT, SPILL RECOVERY, WASTEWATERS, *POWDERED PLASTICS, *FOAM,
SEAWATER, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, FRESHWATER, DISPERSANTS, BACTERIA, SPILL CLEANUP,
SEAWATER, PATENT, ADSORPTION, *RESIN FILAMENT,
SEAWATER, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CONTAMINATION, BLACK SEA, *BULGARIA,
SEAWATER, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, ATLANTIC
OCEAN, SEDIMENTS,
SEAWATER, POLLUTION CONTROL, MICROORGANISMS, FUELS , CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION,
SEAWATER, FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WEATHERING,
SEAWATER, SAMPLING, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS, ACUTE EFFECTS, SEDIMENTS, TOXICITY,
SEAWATER, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FRESHWATER, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
SEDIMENTS, *IN SITU ANALYSIS,
SEDIMENTATION, REFINERIES, FLOTATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
SEDIMENTATION, METULA SPILL, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, COASTS, SEDIMENTS, *GEOMORPHOLOGY,
SEDIMENTATION, FATE, CRUSTACEANS, BIODEGRADATION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
PHYTOPLANKTON, *NAPHTHALENES,
SEDIMENTATION, MODELS, HYDROCARBONS , FRESHWATER, DISPERSIONS, 'COAGULATION,
SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER, SEA SURFACE, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , DISTRIBUTION,
CHROMATOGRAPHY, 'N-ALKANES,
SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , GREENLAND, FISH, COASTS,
SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, BENTHOS, UPTAKE,
SEDIMENTS, DETECTION, CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
'THERMAL ANALYSIS,
SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , CHROMATOGRAPHY, 'PECTEN YESSOENSIS,
SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ICE, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, TOXICITY, WEATHERING,
SEDIMENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, NORWAY, CONTAMINATION,
SEDIMENTS, SEDIMENTATION, METULA SPILL, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, COASTS, *GEOMORPHOLOGY,
SEDIMENTS, NOAA, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
SEDIMENTS, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, CONTAMINATION, BENTHOS, 'PETROLEUM TAINTS,
SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL, BICDEGRADATION,
BACTERIA, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
SEDIMENTS, MICROORGANISMS, CHESAPEAKE BAY, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS,
SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER, SAMPLING, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY,
SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FRESHWATER, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL
TECHNIQUES, *IN SITU ANALYSIS,
SEDIMENTS, METULA SPILL, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
BENTHOS,
SEGREGATED BALLAST, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, USCG, TANKERS, 'DOUBLE BOTTOMS,
'EMERGENCY STEERING,
SEGREGATED BALLAST, POLLUTION PREVENTION, INTERNATIONAL AGPEEMENTS, TANKERS, 'CRUDE
OIL WASHING,
SEGREGATED BALLAST, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, LEGISLATION, TANKERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, US,
SHIPS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, MONITORING, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, BALLAST
'OIL CONTENT ANALYSER,
SHIPS, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, MONITORING, 'CARBON ANALYSIS,
SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, 'ENZYME TECHNOLOGY,
SHIPS, OIL-WATER SEPAPATION, LUBRICATING OIL, FUELS , FILTRATION , BILGES,
SHIPS, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, TANKERS,
SHIPS, SAFETY, PORTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TKANSPOPT, COST ANALYSIS, SPILL
CLEANUP,
223
-------
0607
0595
R031
0654
0393
0394
0395
0398
0399
0400
0409
0410
0419
0423
R027
R029
0470
0498
0437
0624
0626
0633
0371
0462
0644
0656
R057
0472
0519
0368
0482
0358
0363
0367
0369
0370
0374
0375
0376
0377
0378
0379
0380
0381
0382
0664
0666
0670
R021
0522
0593
0596
0597
0598
0691
0604
SHIPS, OIL SPILLS, OIL DISCHARGES, JAPAN, ECOSYSTEMS, WATER QUALITY, *TOKYO BAY,
SHORELINES, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, COASTS, UK, TOXICITY,
SHORELINES, RESTORATION, MANUALS, EQUIPMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
*FIELD METHODS,
SINKING AGENTS, FATE, DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, BIODEGRADATION, SOURCES, SPILL
CLEANUP,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, SPILL RECOVERY, UK,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP,
*EUROSKIMMER,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, NORTH SEA, EQUIPMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL RECOVERY,
SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, DISPERSANTS,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, NORTH SEA, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL RECOVERY, *FRAMO
SKIMMER,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL TANKS, EQUIPMENT,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, ALASKA/GULF OF, SPILL RECOVERY, *CLEAN SWEEP SKIMMER,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, PACIFIC OCEfN, SPILL RECOVERY, *CLEAN SWEEP SKIMMER,
SKIMMERS, HARBORS, EPA, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RECOVERY, *TESTS,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, SPILL CLEANUP, *SKIM INC,
SKIMMERS, EPA, SPILL RECOVERY, *TESTING, *OHMSETT,
SKIMMERS, EPA, SPILL CLEANUP, 'TESTING, *OHMSETT,
SLUDGE , POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES, BALLAST , TANKERS, *CRUDE OIL WASHING,
SLUDGE , RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL,
SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, EIS, STORAGE, WATER QUALITY, 'STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,
SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL INDUSTRY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH
SEA, UK, 'SHETLAND ISLANDS,
SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, RESTORATION, OIL SHALE, HEALTH HAZARDS, EXTRACTION,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT , CONTAMINATION,
SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, PORTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ONSHORE EFFECTS, TEXAS,
*SUPERPORTS ,
SOIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ADSORPTION,
SOIL, POLLUTION CONTROL, HYDROCARBONS , GROUNDWATER, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *FUEL
DEPOTS,
SOIL, HYDROCARBONS , FUNGI, BIODEGRADATION
SOIL, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, BIODEGRADATION,
SOIL, OIL SHALE, MODELS, FATE, WASTEWATERS
SOLID WASTES, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPOSAL , TAR
SANDS, *5YNFUELS,
SOLID WASTES, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, EPA, DEVELOPMENT , WATER
QUALITY, 'RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
SOLUBILITY, PAH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
SOLVENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EXTRACTION, DISTILLATION,
WASTEWATERS,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, 'LUMINESCENCE ANALYSIS,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS , DISPERSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SEDIMENTS, DETECTION, CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
'THERMAL ANALYSIS,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SARGASSO SEA, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, TAR,
OIL SLICKS, WEATHERING, SPECTROSCOPY,
POLLUTION CONTROL, USCG,
CONNECTICUT, COMPENSATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, USCG,
PRODUCTION , MISSISSIPPI RIVER, MEXICO/GULF OF, HYDROCARBONS ,
DETECTION, SPECTROSCOPY, *UV FLUORESCENCE,
OIL SPILLS, 'SPLITLESS INJECTION,
HYDROCARBONS , CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
BACTERIA, *LEAD,
SOURCES, 'POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPOSAL
ANALYTICAL
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
TECHNIQUES,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, FUELS , CRUDE OIL, CHRCMATOGRAPHY,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS, CHRCMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, USCG,
SPECTROSCOPY,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SARGASSO SEA, SAMPLING, FATE, DECOMPOSITION, TAR,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SARGASSO SEA, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, TAR,
WEATHERING,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING, POLLUTION CONTROL, MODELS, ESTUARIES,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, MONITORING, MANUALS, EPA, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, OIL SPILLS,
SOURCES, POLLUTION CONTROL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, HYDROCARBONS , CHRONIC EFFECTS, TAR,
TANKERS,
SOURCES, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL
EFFECTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, 'SYMPOSIUM,
SOURCES, POLLUTION CONTROL, LEGISLATION, CONTAMINATION,
SOURCES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DETECTION, CRUDE OIL,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
SOURCES, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
HYDROCARBONS ,
SOURCES, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 'REVIEW,
SOURCES, OIL INDUSTRY, NATURAL SEEPAGE, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, TANKERS, WATER
QUALITY,
224
-------
0608
0609
3637
0654
0660
R057
0554
0555
0362
0374
0378
0382
0573
0651
0313
0318
0321
0391
0394
0397
0401
0402
0403
0404
0405
0406
0408
0411
0412
0413
0414
0415
0416
0417
0419
0420
0421
0422
0423
0424
0425
0426
0428
0464
0501
0502
0504
0506
0507
0509
0510
0515
0516
0520
0527
0552
0654
SOURCES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, ARCTIC,
SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
SOURCES, RED SEA, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SPILLS, OIL SLICKS, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
BEHAVIOR,
SOURCES, PORTS, OIL TERMINALS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
TANKERS, UK, *CELTIC SEA,
SOURCES, SINKING AGENTS, FATE, DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, BIODEGRADATION, SPILL
CLEANUP,
SOURCES, FATE, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TORREY CANYON, *FLORIDA,
SOURCES, SOIL, OIL SHALE, MODELS, FATE, WASTEWATERS, 'POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
SPECTROMETRY, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIRDS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, UPTAKE, *ANAS
PLATYRHYNCHOS,
SPECTROMETRY, HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIRDS, *ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS,
SPECTROSCOPY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SLICKS, WEATHERING,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, DETECTION, *UV FLUORESCENCE,
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
MOLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, UPTAKE, *OYSTERS, 'SULFUR COMPOUNDS,
SEA SURFACE, FUEL OIL, FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, *REFRACTIVE
SPECTROSCOPY,
SPECTROSCOPY,
SPECTROSCOPY,
USCG,
SPECTROSCOPY,
SPECTROSCOPY,
INDEX,
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SPILLS, MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, FISH, *ADRIAN MAERSK, *HONG KONG,
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, STATISTICS, *COMPUTER DIRECTORY,
SPILL CLEANUP, NORWAY, NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, CRUDE OIL,
SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION, ABSORPTION, *FORBENT,
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
*EUROSKIMMER,
SPILL CLEANUP, USCG, *SEAWARD INTERNATIONAL INC, *ROUGH WEATHER RESPONSE,
SPILL CLEANUP, FUEL OIL, ABSORPTION, *POLYURETHANE FOAM,
SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION, DISPERSANTS,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, EQUIPMENT, ABSORPTION, *POLYPROPYLENE,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, DISPERSANTS,
SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION, 'HELLE ENGINEERING, 'FLOTATION SUPPORT,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL SLICKS, SPILL RECOVERY,
SPILL CLEANUP, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, MARINE ORGANISMS,
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL INDUSTRY, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
AUSTRALIA,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, EQUIPMENT, *PLASTIC DISKS,
SPILL CLEANUP, SEAWATER, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, FRESHWATER, DISPERSANTS, BACTERIA,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, BOOMS, *WATER SPRAY BOOMS ,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, ABSORPTION, *PINE CHIPS,
SPILL CLEANUP, ADSORPTION, PATENT *PINE PULP,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, ADSORPTION, *PINE CHIPS,
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, HARBORS, EPA, BOOMS, SPILL RECOVERY, "TESTS,
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TANKS, EMULSIONS, ABSORPTION, 'DETERGENTS,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, ABSORPTION, *COCONUT SHELL,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, 'CRYOTHESMAL MATERIAL,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *SKIM INC,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, ABSORPTION, *TREE BARK CHIPS,
SORBENT FOAM,
ABSORPTION, 'VISCOUS OIL SOPBENT TYPE 356,
EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, *VIKOMA OCEANPACK,
PATENT, ADSORPTION,
PRODUCT INFORMATION,
PRODUCT INFORMATION,
PATENT, ADSORPTION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, SPILL DISPOSAL, 'MAGNETIC
SPILL CLEANUP
SPILL CLEANUP
SPILL CLEANUP
SPILL CLEANUP
SPILL CLEANUP
SPILL CLEANUP
SPILL CLEANUP
POWDER,
SPILL CLEANUP, PERSONNEL TRAINING, COASTS, CANADA, 'ONSHORE CLEANUP,
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING,
SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, COASTS, CANADA, BEACHES, *PRINCE
EDWARD ISLAND, 'SEMINAR,
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, 'OIL SPILL
CONTROL COURSE,
SPILL CLEANUP, PERSONNEL TRAINING, NOAA, EQUIPMENT, EPA, COMPENSATION, ALASKA,
SPILL CLEANUP, PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING, BOOMS,
'VIKOMA OCEANPACK,
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SPILLS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, COASTS, C&.NADA,
POLLUTION PREVENTION, PIPELINES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL
BLOWOUT PREVENTION, ARCTIC, US,
MORTALITY, MANUALS, WILDLIFE,
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, INLAND, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS,
'FIRE-FIGHTING,
SHIPS, SAFETY, PORTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TRANSPORT, COST
SPILL CLEANUP
PROTECTION
SPILL CLEANUP
SPILL CLEANUP
'SORBENTS,
SPILL CLEANUP
ANALYSIS,
SPILL CLEANUP, RELEASE, FISH, DISPERSANTS, CALIFORNIA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
BIODEGRADATION, UPTAKE,
SPILL CLEANUP, SOURCES, SINKING AGENTS, FATE, DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION,
BIODEGRADATION,
225
-------
3669
0694
R028
R029
R031
0383
0384
0385
0386
0387
0388
0390
0708
0464
0392
0393
0395
3396
0399
0406
0407
0409
0410
0418
3419
R027
R030
B465
3589
0694
0640
0653
0709
0316
0317
0318
0319
0324
0434
R038
0392
0433
0436
0437
0438
0439
0440
0443
R033
0608
R054
0543
0547
0548
0553
0559
0565
0577
0579
3593
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
SPILL CONTAINMENT,
SPILL CONTAINMENT,
SPILL CONTAINMENT,
*FIELD TESTING,
'FRAMO
SPILL RECOVERY
SPILL RECOVERY
SPILL RECOVERY
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SLICKS, MODELS, FATE, 'THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS,
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SPREADING,
SPILL CLEANUP, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, *TESTING, *OHMSETT,
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, EPA, 'TESTING, *OHMSETT,
SPILL CLEANUP, SHORELINES, RESTORATION, MANUALS, EQUIPMENT,
*FIELD METHODS,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, TANKERS,
*LUCAN BOOM,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, MODELS, *HYDRODYNAMICS,
PATENT, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, BOOMS, *BOA-BOOM II,
PRODUCT INFORMATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, *OIL COLLECTANT DISPENSER,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS, *VATOR OY
SPILL CONTAINMENT, ICE, BEAUFORT SEA, *TOPOGRAPHY,
SPILL DISPOSAL, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, ADSORPTION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, *MAGNETIC
POWDER,
SPILL RECOVERY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, STORAGE, *DRACONE BARGE,
SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, UK,
SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, NORTH SEA, EQUIPMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
SPILL RECOVERY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIC
SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, NORTH SEA, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
SKIMMER,
SPILL RECOVERY, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, OIL-HATER SEPARATION, OIL SLICKS,
SPILL RECOVERY, SEAWATER, PATENT, WASTEWATERS, 'POWDERED PLASTICS, *FOAM,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, ALASKA/GULF OF, *CLEAN SWEEP SKIMMER,
SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, PACIFIC OCEAN, 'CLEAN SWEEP SKIMMER,
DISPERSIONS, SURFACTANTS, TOXICITY,
SPILL RECOVERY, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, HARBORS, EPA, BOOMS, TESTS,
SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, EPA, 'TESTING, *OHMSETT,
SPILL RECOVERY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OCEANS, FRESHWATER, 'AMINE CARBAMATE GELATION
TECHNIQUES,
SPREADING, REFINERIES, MICHIGAN, GREAT LAKES, DISPOSAL
WASTEWATERS,
SPREADING, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, ICE, FATE, BEHAVIOR, MASSACHUSSETTS, 'BUZZARDS BAY,
SPREADING, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, CHESAPEAKE BAY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGPADATION,.BACTERIA,
'TAXONOMY, 'ECOLOGY,
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS, GEORGES BANK, BEACHES, ATLANTIC COAST, USGS,
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,
MODELS, COASTS, 'POLLUTION SUSCEPTIBILITY,
STATISTICS, NOAA, MODELS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, GUIDELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
STATISTICS, OIL SPILLS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, CANADA, 'NATES,
STATISTICS, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, 'COMPUTER DIRECTORY,
STATISTICS, SAMPLING, POLAND, COASTS, BIRDS, BALTIC SEA,
STATISTICS, MONITORING, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, 'COMPUTER DIRECTORY,
STATISTICS, PORTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL TRANSFER, HARBORS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
UK, *MILFCRD HAVEN,
STATISTICS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, TANKERS, 'TANKER CASUALTIES,
'COMPUTER SERVICES,
STORAGE, SPILL RECOVERY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, 'DRACONE BARGE,
STORAGE, POLLUTION PREVENTION, JAPAN, OIL TANKS, 'AIR CUSHION MOVEMENT ,
STORAGE, MEXICO/GULF OF, LOUISIANA, DISPOSAL , 'SALT DOMES, 'BRINE DISCHARGE,
STORAGE, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, EIS, WATER QUALITY, 'STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,
STORAGE, EIS, 'STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,
STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANLYSIS, 'STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
RESERVE,
STORAGE, REFINING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL SPILLS, FUELS
STORAGE, OIL TANKS, CONTAMINATION, 'CORROSION,
MONITORING, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, WATER QUALITY, 'TAPS,
DISPERSIONS, COASTS,
FUEL OIL, OIL TRANSPORT,
STREAMS, PIPELINES,
SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
, FATE, ARCTIC,
SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
BIODEGRADATION,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
ARENACECDENTATA,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS, 'INGESTION, 'fALLAP.D DUCKS,
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, SOURCES, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS ,
FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, *SY«POSIUM,
SOURCES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS
MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, DECOMPOSITION, CRUDE OIL,
BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,
MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, EMULSIFIERS, CRUSTACEANS, 'COPEPODS,
CRUDE OIL, ALGAE, WSF, 'FUCUS SERRATUS, 'ZYGOTE DEVELOPMENT,
FISH, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SURFACTANTS,
METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, TOXICITY, 'EGG AND LARVAL STAGES,
MOLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, BEHAVIOR, BALTIC SEA,
CRUDE OIL, BIRDS, 'HERRING GULL,
POLYCHAETES, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, WSF, TOXICITY, 'NEANTHES
226
-------
0599 SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, RELEASE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY, CARCINOGENS,
BIODEGRADATION, UPTAKE,
R040 SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FUEL OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS,
BEHAVIOR, *CHEMORECEPTION,
R045 SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,
ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY,
3356 SURFACTANTS, SEAWATER, HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL
TECHNIQUES,
0418 SURFACTANTS, SPILL RECOVERY, DISPERSIONS, TOXICITY,
0452 SURFACTANTS, PATENT, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
0471 SURFACTANTS, PATENT, FILTRATION , WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
0493 SURFACTANTS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS,
0534 SURFACTANTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MICROORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
0548 SURFACTANTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, FISH, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
0442 SURVEILLANCE, SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, TANKERS, US,
0383 TANKERS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PRODUCT INFORMATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT, BOOMS,
*LUCAN BOOM,
0432 TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, USCG, *DOUBLE BOTTOMS,
•EMERGENCY STEEPING,
0435 TANKERS, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, ALASKA, WATER
QUALITY, US,
3441 TANKERS, REGULATIONS, IMCO, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST , 'COMPUTER METHODS,
0442 TANKERS, SURVEILLANCE, SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, US,
0448 TANKERS, BILGES, BALLAST , WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *SHCRE FACILITIES,
0470 TANKERS, SLUDGE , POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES, BALLAST , *CRUDE OIL WASHING,
0505 TANKERS, SHIPS, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING,
0508 TANKERS, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER,
OIL DISCHARGES,
0511 TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, *ANTI-POLLUTION VALVE,
0513 TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
0514 TANKERS, SAFETY, PORTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING, MONITORING, *EXXON,
0517 TANKERS, SAFETY, PRODUCT INFORMATION, *GEC MECHANICS HANDLING LTD, *COUPLING,
0518 TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TANKS, CRUDE OIL, BALLAST , *LOAD-ON-TOP, *CRUDE
OIL WASHING,
0521 TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, POLLUTION PREVENTION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, *CRUDE
OIL WASHING,
0522 TANKERS, SOURCES, POLLUTION CONTROL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, HYDROCARBONS , CHRONIC
EFFECTS, TAR,
0523 TANKERS, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS, USCG,
STANDARDS, 'NAVIGATION AIDS,
0542 TANKERS, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION,
0604 TANKERS, SOURCES, OIL INDUSTRY, NATURAL SEEPAGE, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WATER
QUALITY,
0623 TANKERS, REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, PLATFORMS, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL SPILLS,
MANUALS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EIS,
0634 TANKERS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, CCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ATLANTIC
OCEAN,
3637 TANKERS, SOURCES, PORTS, OIL TERMINALS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, BIOLOGICAL
EFFECTS, UK, "CELTIC SEA,
0674 TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, LEGISLATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, US,
0675 TANKERS, OIL TERMINALS, OIL INDUSTRY, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US, *OIL
SPILL FUND,
0681 TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,
0684 TANKERS, LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, COMPENSATION, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
R038 TANKERS, STATISTICS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, 'TANKER CASUALTIES,
'COMPUTER SERVICES,
S340 TAR, SAMPLING, OCEANS, NEUSTON, INDIAN OCEAN, DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, 'NF.USTONIC
PERIPHYTON,
0342 TAR, SAMPLING, OCEANS, EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, 'PLASTICS, 'LITTER,
0344 TAR, SAMPLING, DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ATLANTIC OCEAN, 'COMPOSITION, 'WEIGHT,
0370 TAR, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SARGASSO SEA, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
0522 TAR, TANKERS, SOURCES, POLLUTION CONTROL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, HYDROCARBONS , CHRONIC
EFFECTS,
0648 TAR, SEA SURFACE, MODELS, HYDROCARBONS , EVAPORATION, WEATHERING,
0662 TAR, SEA SURFACE, SARGASSO SEA, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, 'NORTH ATLANTIC,
3664 TAR, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SARGASSO SEA, SAMPLING, FATE, DECOMPOSITION,
0666 TAR, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SARGASSO SEA, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CFPOMATCGPAPHY,
WEATHERING,
0372 TAR SANDS, HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CANADA, WASTEWATERS, 'OIL SANDS
EXTRACTION PLANT,
0472 TAR SANDS, SOLID WASTES, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPOSAL
, 'SYNFUELS,
0633 TEXAS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, PORTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ONSHORE EFFECTS,
'SUPERPORTS ,
227
-------
0660 TORREY CANYON, SOURCES, FATE, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, *FLORIDA,
0326 TOXICITY, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, DISPERSANTS, DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
*BIOASSAY,
0418 TOXICITY, SURFACTANTS, SPILL RECOVERY, DISPERSIONS,
0529 TOXICITY, OIL SPILLS, MASSACHUSETTS, MARSHES, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,
*UCA PAGNAX,
0533 TOXICITY, RELEASE, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS , UPTAKE, WSF,
8535 TOXICITY, MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, WSF, WASTE OIL, *MERCENARIA,
0545 TOXICITY, METABOLISM, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, CANADA, BACTERIA, UPTAKE,
0546 TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, CRUSTACEANS,
*XENOBIOTIC CHEMICALS,
0551 TOXICITY, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALGAE, *COLLECTANTS,
0553 TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, *EGG AND LARVAL STAGES,
0556 TOXICITY, MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, ACUTE EFFECTS, WSF, ZOOPLANKTON,
0557 TOXICITY, MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, WSF, *AMPHIPODS,
0558 TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, WSF, *MUSSEL LARVAE, »'
0561 TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, ECHINODERMS, DISPERSANTS, *SEA URCHINS, 'BIO-INDICATORS,
0563 TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, METABOLISM, INVERTEBRATES, FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE
EFFECTS,
0568 TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, EUROPE, DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
0571 TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, EUROPE, DISPERSANTS, BOOK REVIEW, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
0575 TOXICITY, SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ICE, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, WEATHERING,
0577 TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, POLYCHAETES, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, WSF, *NEANTHES
ARENACEODENTATA,
0583 TOXICITY, GROWTH, FUEL OIL, ALGAE, WSF, *PHENALEN-1-ONE,
0586 TOXICITY, FISH, CRUDE OIL, ACUTE EFFECTS, 'MUGIL CEPHALUS,
0595 TOXICITY, SHORELINES, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, COASTS, UK,
0610 TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , CHRONIC EFFECTS, *TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH,
0618 TOXICITY, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, *DRILLING MUDS,
0663 TOXICITY, OIL SPILLS, BIODEGRADATION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ARCTIC, WEATHERING,
R025 TOXICITY, SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER, SAMPLING, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC
EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ACUTE EFFECTS,
R034 TOXICITY, REFINERIES, ADSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'ACTIVATED CARBON, 'BIOASSAY,
R036 TOXICITY, REUSE, RECLAMATION, OIL TANKS, ECONOMICS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *TANK TRUCK
WASHING,
R044 TOXICITY, OCEANS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, *BIO-INDICATORS,
R045 TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC
EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS,
R048 TOXICITY, HYDROCARBONS , DETECTION, ALGAE, *BIOASSAY, "CULTURES,
P.051 TOXICITY, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS,
EXTRACTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 'DRILLING MUDS,
0353 UK, SAMPLING, PLANKTON , INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , FISH, CHROMATOGRAPHY,
*N-ALKANES,
0361 UK, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, DETECTION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, *MYTILUS EDULIS,
0393 UK, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PRODUCT INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT,
0434 UK, STATISTICS, PORTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL TRANSFER, HARBORS, ENVIRONMENTAL
EFFECTS, *MILFORD HAVEN,
0594 OK, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, NORTH SEA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
BLOWOUTS,
0595 UK, TOXICITY, SHORELINES, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, COASTS,
0624 UK, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL INDUSTRY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH
SEA, 'SHETLAND ISLANDS,
0630 UK, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
0637 UK, TANKERS, SOURCES, PORTS, OIL TERMINALS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, BIOLOGICAL
EFFECTS, 'CELTIC SEA,
0655 UK, OIL SLICKS, FATE, DISPERSIONS, DISPERSANTS,
0453 ULTRAFILTRATION, LUBRICATING OIL, FUEL OIL, BILGES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
0689 ULTRAFILTRATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'MEMBRANES,
0690 ULTRAFILTRATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'MEMBRANES,
0691 ULTRAFILTRATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'MEMBRANES,
0528 UN, POLLUTION PREVENTION, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
0615 UN, POLLUTION CONTROL, OCEANS, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
0352 UPTAKE, SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, BENTHOS,
0531 UPTAKE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MOLLUSKS, 'OXYGEN DEMAND,
0533 UPTAKE, TOXICITY, RELEASE, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS , WSF,
0544 UPTAKE, MARINE ORGANISMS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ZOCPLANKTON, 'COPEPODS, 'RADIOLABELED
NAPHTHALENES,
0545 UPTAKE, TOXICITY, METABOLISM, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, CANADA, BACTERIA,
0552 UPTAKE, SPILL CLEANUP, RELEASE, FISH, DISPERSANTS, CALIFORNIA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
BIODEGRADATICN,
0554 UPTAKE, SPECTROMETRY, CRUDE GIL, CHROMATOGPAPHY, BIRDS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, 'ANAS
PLATYPHYNCHOS,
228
-------
0567 UPTAKE, MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , BLACK SEA, "MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS, "PARAFFINS,
0573 UPTAKE, SPECTROSCOPY, MOLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, *OYSTERS, *SULFUR COMPOUNDS,
0582 UPTAKE, METABOLISM, HYDROCARBONS , FOOD WEB, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "HEXADECANE,
*BENZO(A)PYRENE,
B588 UPTAKE, RELEASE, OIL SPILLS, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, FRANCE, CONTAMINATION, *PORT DE BOUC
SPILL, *MUSSELS,
8599 UPTAKE, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, RELEASE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MORTALITY, CARCINOGENS,
BIODEGRADATION,
0643 UPTAKE, FATE, BIODEGRADATION, *DEGRADATIVE CAPACITY,
R050 UPTAKE, MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, FATE, ECOSYSTEMS,
0435 US, TANKERS, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, ALASKA, WATER
QUALITY,
0442 US, TANKERS, SURVEILLANCE, SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
0515 US, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PIPELINES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION, BLOWOUT PREVENTION, ARCTIC,
0674 US, REGULATIONS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, LEGISLATION, TANKERS, SAFETY,
0675 US, TANKERS, OIL TERMINALS, OIL INDUSTRY, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, *OIL
SPILL FUND,
0682 US, POLLUTION CONTROL, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, GREAT LAKES, CANADA, WATER QUALITY,
R022 US, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, DETECTION, "ALARM SYSTEM,
0375 USCG, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,
0376 USCG, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CONNECTICUT, COMPENSATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
6382 USCG, SPECTROSCOPY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS,
0397 USCG, SPILL CLEANUP, *SEAWARD INTERNATIONAL INC, *ROUGH WEATHER RESPONSE,
0432 USCG, TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, *DOUBLE BOTTOMS,
*EMERGENCY STEERING,
0500 USCG, REGULATIONS, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL TRANSFER, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
'PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS,
0523 USCG, TANKERS, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS,
STANDARDS , NAVIGATION AIDS ,
0592 USCG, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL INDUSTRY, IMCO, EQUIPMENT,
0653 USGS, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS, GEORGES BANK, BEACHES, ATLANTIC COAST,
0541 USSR, METABOLISM, ECOSYSTEMS, DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS, ARCTIC, *ABUNDANCE,
0621 VIRGINIA, REFINERIES, EPA, DEVELOPMENT , *JAMES RIVER,
0445 WASTE OIL, RECYCLING, RECLAMATION, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL ,
0469 WASTE OIL, REFINING, RECLAMATION, CONTAMINATION, *COMBUSTION,
0477 WASTE OIL, FUELS , EMULSIONS, WASTEWATERS, *COMBUSTION,
0497 WASTE OIL, RECYCLING, RECLAMATION, FUEL OIL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *CENTRIFUGATION,
0498 WASTE OIL, SLUDGE , RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL,
0499 WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL,
0535 WASTE OIL, TOXICITY, MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, WSF, *MERCENARIA,
0447 WASTE OIL TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL SPILLS, MICROORGANISMS, INDUSTRIES,
BIODEGRADATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
0455 WASTE OIL TREATMENT, RECLAMATION, INDUSTRIES, DISPOSAL , BIODEGRADATION, WASTEWATER
TREATMENT,
0464 WASTE OIL TREATMENT, SPILL DISPOSAL, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, ADSORPTION, "MAGNETIC
POWDER,
0327 WASTEWATERS, SAMPLING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, MONITORING, DETECTION,
0351 WASTEWATERS, SAMPLING, OIL FIELDS, HYDROCARBONS , "ORGANIC COMPOUNDS,
0372 WASTEWATERS, TAR SANDS, HYDROCARBONS , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CANADA, *OIL SANDS
EXTRACTION PLANT,
0407 WASTEWATERS, SPILL RECOVERY, SEAWATER, PATENT, "POWDERED PLASTICS, *FOA«,
0465 WASTEWATERS, SPREADING, REFINERIES, MICHIGAN, GREAT LAKES, DISPOSAL , DISPERSIONS,
COASTS,
0477 WASTEWATERS, WASTE OIL, FUELS , EMULSIONS, "COMBUSTION,
0482 WASTEWATERS, SOLVENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EXTRACTION,
DISTILLATION,
0484 WASTEWATERS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION, "POLYETHLYLENE,
0486 WASTEWATERS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ADSORPTION, "DIATOMITE, "ZEOLITE,
0487 WASTEWATERS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, BILGES, FILTRATION , "POLYPROPYLENE FIBER,
0488 WASTEWATERS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION , EQUIPMENT,
"SEPARATION TANK,
0491 WASTEWATERS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION , "PVC MEMBRANE,
0495 WASTEWATERS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOCCULATION, "THICLIGNIN ACID,
0629 WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BENTHOS,
0650 WASTEWATERS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT, HYDROCARBONS , GROUNDWATER, FRESHWATER,
"AQUIFER,
0678 WASTEWATERS, SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TERMINALS, GUIDELINES, "FLOATING
RECEPTION FACILITIES,
0702 WASTEWATERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, EQUIPMENT,
R057 WASTEWATERS, SOURCES, SOIL, OIL SHALE, MODELS, FATE, "POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
0444 WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REUSE, RECYCLING, WASTE OILS, "THERMAL PROCESS,
0446 WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, "ELECTROLYSIS,
0447 WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL SPILLS, MICROORGANISMS,
INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION,
229
-------
0448
0449
0450
0451
0452
0453
0455
0456
0457
0458
0459
0460
0461
0462
0463
0466
0467
0468
2471
0473
0474
0475
0476
0478
0479
0481
0485
0497
0685
0686
0687
0688
0689
0690
0691
0692
0693
0701
R034
R035
R036
0331
0435
0437
0519
0604
0607
0682
0697
3705
R023
R033
0374
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, TANKERS, BILGES, BALLAST , *SHORE FACILITIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS, OXIDATION, INDUSTRIES, BIODEGRADATION,
ADSORPTION, *ACTIVATED CARBON,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
BIODEGRADATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS,
REFINERIES, OXIDATION, 'BIOCHEMICAL TREATMENT,
SURFACTANTS, PATENT, EMULSIONS,
ULTRAFILTRATION, LUBRICATING OIL
WASTE OIL TREATMENT, RECLAMATION
FUEL OIL, BILGES,
INDUSTRIES, DISPOSAL
PRECIPITATION, PATENT, EMULSIONS,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
REFINERIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION
REFINERIES, FLOTATION, FLOCCULATION, EMULSIONS, 'COAGULATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS, CONTAMINATION, *STEAM CONDENSATE REUSE ,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SOIL, POLLUTION CONTROL, HYDROCARBONS , GROUNDWATER, *FUEL
DEPOTS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
SLUDGE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL INDUSTRY, EQUIPMENT, ADSORPTION, *ACTIVATED CAPBON,
PRECIPITATION, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
REFINERIES, MICROORGANISMS, *TEMPERATURE EFFECTS,
SURFACTANTS, PATENT, FILTRATION ,
REFINERIES, INDUSTRIES,
SEDIMENTATION, REFINERIES, FLOTATION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, 'PETROLEUM BARGES, 'CLEANING
ABSORPTION,
*POLYURETHANE FOAM,
PETROCHEMICALS, OIL INDUSTRY, JAPAN, BIODEGRADATION, ACTIVATED
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
FACILITIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
ANALYSIS, *REVIEW
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
PETROCHEMICALS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL INDUSTRY, CHEMICAL
AROMATIC
WASTE OIL, RECYCLING, RECLAMATION, FUEL OIL, *CENTRIFUGATION,
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
REFINERIES, OXIDATION, *AERATION PONDS,
PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, 'CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, 'PURIFICATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION
HYDROCARBONS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
ACTIVATED SLUDGE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
ACTIVATED SLUDGE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES, 'OZONE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, EQUIPMENT, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, 'OZONE,
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES,
'MEMBRANES,
POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES,
'MEMBRANES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, ULTRAFILTRATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, 'MEMBRANES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, GUIDELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC
EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, STANDARDS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, ECONOMICS, COST ANALYSIS,
BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
ACTIVATED CARBON,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, TOXICITY, REFINERIES, ADSORPTION, 'ACTIVATED CARBON,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, 'GC/MS,
TOXICITY, REUSE, RECLAMATION, OIL TANKS, ECONOMICS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, ULTRAFILTRATION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, ULTRAFILTRATION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
REFINERIES, POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'CYANIDE REMOVAL, 'POWDERED
*BIO?SSAY,
'TANK TRUCK
WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
WASHING,
WATER QUALITY, OIL SHALE, MONITORING, GROUNDWATER, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT
, 'SURFACE MINING,
WATER QUALITY, US, TANKERS, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL
DETERIORATION, ALASKA,
WATER QUALITY, STORAGE, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, EIS, 'STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,
WATER QUALITY, SOLID WASTES, POLLUTION CONTRCL, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, EPA,
DEVELOPMENT , 'RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
WATER QUALITY, TANKERS, SOURCES, OIL INDUSTRY, NATURAL SEEPAGE, INLAND, ENVIRONMENTAL
EFFECTS,
WATER QUALITY, SHIPS, OIL SPILLS, OIL DISCHARGES, JAPAN, ECOSYSTEMS, 'TOKYO B»Y,
WATER QUALITY, US, POLLUTION CONTROL, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, GREAT LAKES, CANADA,
WATER QUALITY, MONITORING, 'BIO-INDICATORS,
WATER QUALITY, PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, EXTRACTION, CARCINOGENS, 'CHLCRINATION,
WATER QUALITY, SAMPLING, PAH, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , 'QUALITY CCNTPCL SAMPLES,
WATER QUALITY, STREAMS, PIPELINES, MONITORING, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, 'TAPS,
WEATHERING, SPECTROSCOPY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SLICKS,
230
-------
0575 WEATHERING, TOXICITY, SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ICE, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC,
0648 WEATHERING, TAR, SEA SURFACE, MODELS, HYDROCARBONS , EVAPORATION,
0649 WEATHERING, SEAWATER, FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
0658 WEATHERING, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, *PHOTODEGRADATION,
0663 WEATHERING, TOXICITY, OIL SPILLS, BIOD^GRADATION, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ARCTIC,
0666 WEATHERING, TAR, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SARGASSO SEA, FATE, DISTRIBUTION,
CHROMATOGRAPHY,
0667 WEATHERING, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE, *POLLUTANT TRANSFER,
0430 WILDLIFE, RESTORATION, MANUALS, GUIDELINES, BIRDS, *OILED ANIMALS , *CARE & TREATMENT,
0516 WILDLIFE, SPILL CLEANUP, MORTALITY, MANUALS,
0533 WSF, UPTAKE, TOXICITY, RELEASE, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS ,
0535 WSF, WASTE OIL, TOXICITY, MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, *MERCENARIA,
0547 WSF, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, ALGAE, *FUCUS SERRATUS, *ZYGOTE DEVELOPMENT,
8556 WSF, TOXICITY, MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, ACUTE EFFECTS, ZOOPLANKTON,
0557 WSF, TOXICITY, MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, *AMPHIPODS,
0558 WSF, TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, *MUSSEL LARVAE,
0577 WSF, TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, POLYCHAETES, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, *NEANTHES
ARENACEODENTATA,
0583 WSF, TOXICITY, GROWTH, FUEL OIL, ALGAE, *PHENALEN-1-ONE,
0544 ZOOPLANKTON, UPTAKE, MARINE ORGANISMS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, *COPEPODS, *RADIOLABELED
NAPHTHALENES,
0556 ZOOPLANKTON, WSF, TOXICITY, MORTALITY, FUEL OIL, ACUTE EFFECTS,
0645 ZCOPLANKTON, PHYTOPLANKTON, FUEL OIL, ECOSYSTEMS, DISTRIBUTION, BIODEGRADATION,
0703 ZOOPLANKTON, HYDROCARBONS , FOOD WEB, BIOMASS, ALGAE, *BIOGENIC ORIGIN,
231
-------
AUTHOR INDEX
(» DENOTES MANUFACTURER)
UERODYNE DEV CORP)* 0400
(BABCQCK CONTROLS)* 0323
(CASCADE INDUSTRIES)* 038?
(DREW CHEMICAL CORP)* 0402
(ENVIRONETICS)* 0386
(EVERGREEN AIR)* 0387
(EXXON RES 4 DEV CORP) 0404
(GEC MECH HANDLING LTD)* 0517
(HELLE ENGINEERING)* 0405
(LOCKHEED MISSILE-SPACE CO)* 0409
(LOCKHEED MISSILE-SPACE CO)* 0410
(MARIONE CONST 4 DESIGN CO) 0414
(NAVAL CIVIL ENG LAB) 0419
(REGO CO)* 0526
(SKIM, INC)* 042?
(TEL£DYN£)» 0373
(US DEPT OF STATE) 0677
(VATOR OY CO)* 0390
(VIKOMA INTERNATIONAL LTD)* 0428
(VIKOMA INTERNATIONAL)* 0509
(WRIGHT 4 WRIGHT. INC)» 0335
(3M CO)* 0426
A6DUKADYROV, D. 0478
ABE, K. C415
ABE, .<. 0416
ABE. t(. 0417
ABE, K. 0496
ACKERMAN, R. R027
ACKERMAN. R. R028
ACKERMAN, R. R029
ADDY. J. 0595
ADLARD, E.R. 0355
AGUIAR, F.H. 0315
AHLERT, R.C. R037
AKAZAWA, T. 0408
ALFENAAR, M. 0446
ALIEV, A.D. 053'
ALLEN. G.S. R023
ALZIEU, C. 0356
ANDERSON, J.W. 0532
ANDERSON, J.W. 0533
ANDERSON. J.W. 0577
ANDERSON, J.W. 0661
ANEZAKI, T. 0440
AOKI, M. 0487
ASTVATSATUROV, A.E. 0479
ATEMA, J. H040
ATKINS, P.F., JR. 0573
AUSTIN. B. 0640
AUSTIN, T.S. 0316
AVERINTSEV, V.G. 0541
AZAM, F. 0545
BAGDASAR'YAN. G.A. 0534
BAKER, J. 0595
BALL, J.E. 0475
BANNISTER, li.'fi. R030
BATES, C.C. 05'5
SATES, L.W. 059'
3ATTERTON, J.C. 0583
BAUER. W'. 0480
BAUMGARTNER, D.,,. R049
BEACH, R.A. 0317
BEAN, R.M. R050
BEAN, R.M. R057
SEASTALL, S. 0654
BELL. J. 0430
BELOSTOTSKII. M.D. C431
BEND. J.R. 0546
BENZHITSKIJ. A.G. 0340
BERDUGO. V.
BHANDARE, M.V.
BIANCUNI, E.
BIGGER. J.M.
BLACK, J.A.
BLACKMAN, R.A.A.
BLACKMAN,
BOCARD, C
SOELER,
BONOMO,
BOURNE.
BRIGHT.
BROOKS,
BROWN,
BROWN,
BROWN,
BROWN,
BROWN. R.
BROWNRIGG,
BRUCE, J.P.
BURGHARDT, E.
BURGHART, G.H.
S.L.
R.A.A.
J .
F.S.
W.R.P.
T.J.
M.
J
D. W
L. R
R.
R. J
. J
J.
BURKS,
BUTLER
BUTLER
BUTLER
BUTLER
BUTLER
BUTLER
BYRNE.
CADWALLADER
CADWALLADER
CADWALLADER
CAIRNS, J..
CALDER, J.A.
CALLELY, A.G.
J.
J.
J.
JR.
J. J.
S.R.
E.J.
M.P.
D.M.
D.M.
D.M.
D.M.
D.M.
D.M.
D.M.
CALOMINIS
CARLBERG.
CARPENTER
CARRONNE.
CARTER, L
CASTLE, R
CAVAGNARO
CAVAGNARO
CAVAGNARO
CAVAGNARO
CAVAGNARO
CAVAGNARO
CAVAGNARO
CHAIKA. I.G.
CHAISSON. R.E.
CHAMBERS, J.E.
CHEREMISIHOFF,
CHISTYAKOVA, E
CHOVIN, P.
CHURCHILL, R.
CLARK, I.
CLARK. R.C.,
CLARK, R.C..
CLEMMESEN, 3
COFFEE, M.M.
COLWELL
COLWELL
COLWELL
COLWELL
CONRAD.
CON'1'!. C.
CORMACK, D.
CORNELL, C.
CORNER. E.D.S.
, R . R .
, R.R.
. R.R.
. R.R.
B.F.
JR.
JR.
0544
0401
0448
0701
0596
03^5
0353
0696
0357
0472
0516
R041
0377
0359
0468
0657
0685
0686
0358
0682
0365
R039
R034
0370
0569
0648
0664
0566
0412
0535
0370
0569
0664
0697
0535
0447
0640
0^41
0342
0^97
0621
R031
0692
0687
0689
0690
0691
0693
0479
0622
0586
0623
0481
0343
0633
0624
0359
0598
0536
R056
R053
0640
0641
0647
C641
0448
0655
0625
0544
232
-------
COURNARIE, J.-C.
COX, A.P.
CROSBY, N.T.
CROXALL, J.P.
CTR SHORT-LIVED PHENOMENA
CTR SHORT-LIVED PHENOMENA
CURTIS, M.L.
DART. R.K.
DAVENPORT, C.V.
DEGEN, L.
DEN TONKELAAR, W.A.M.
DENISOV, M.A.
DERENBACH, J.
DESGRANGES, P.
DEVANNEY, J.W., III
DICKINS, D.
DICKS, B.
DICKSON, K.L.
DIPPLE, A.
DIVAVIN, I.A.
DOLENSEK, E.P.
DORAN, T.
DOSKINA, T.V.
DOW, R.L.
DRUSHEL, H.V.
DUC£. R.A.
DUDLEY, G.
DUERDEN, F.C.
DUERDEN. F.C.
ECHEVERRIA, T.
EHRARDT. M.
EHRLER, P.
ELDRIDGE
ELLIS, T.S
ELTON, R.L
EPA
EPA
ERKOMAA. K
ERMOLAEV,
M.
Ill
K.K.
ESUMI, H.
ETTRE. L.S.
FaO
FAO
FARMER, J.
FARMER, J.
FARRINGTON, J.W.
FAY, J.M.
FEA
FEA
FEA
FEA
FEE, E.J.
FLECKINGER, R.
FORD, D.L.
FORSTER, C.F.
FOSSATO, V.U.
FREDERICK, R.
FREEMAN, D.H.
FUJIMOTO, Y.
FUKUMORI, R.
FULLER, C.W.
FUSEY, P.
GALLOWAY, T.R.
GARANINA. A.A.
GARRETT, W.D.
GARRISON. A.W.
GATELLIER. C.
GEARING, J.N.
UEARING. P.
GEISELMAN, J.
GEIST, U.J.
GERBER. V. YA.
GIBBS, C.F.
GIENDLACH, E.R.
GIORDANO, B.
0650
0449
0364
0537
03'8
0324
0378
0538
R054
0413
0365
0478
0344
0656
0634
0657
0595
0697
0698
0699
0430
0360
0534
0539
0700
0667
0434
0503
0504
0540
0344
0403
0540
0589
0476
0435
0626
0325
0699
0607
0379
0326
0599
0582
0638
0352
0622
0436
0437
0438
0439
043'
0361
0476
0447
0560
0363
0358
0456
0450
0362
0642
0460
0478
0600
R035
0696
0^76
0576
0569
0383
045'
0643
0603
0379
GOLIKOV. A.N.
GONCHARENKO, O.K.
GONGAWARE, W.
GORDON, R.C.
GORE, S.S.
GORSKI. W.
GREEN, G.
GRUENFELD. M.
GRUENFELD, M.
GRUENFELD. M.
GRUGER. E.H. . JR.
GUGALSKI. T.
GUNNERSON, C.G.
GURDANOV, T.
GUSEIN-ZADE, T.L.
GUTNICK, D.L.
GYLLENGERG, G.
HAGEMEIER, W.
HAGIWARA, K.
HAGIWARA, K.
HAINSWORTH, S.
HAKAMATA, T.
HAKANSSON, E.
HANSEN, H.P.
HARA, M.
HARDY, R.
HARDY. R.
HARDY. R.
HARDY. R.
HARDY. R.
HARDY, R.
HARRIS, E.F.
HARRIS, L.R.
HARRIS, L.R.
HARRIS, R.P.
HARRISON, R.M.
HARRISON, it.
HARTE, J.
HARTIGAN, M.J.
HARTLING, J.
HAYES, H.O.
HAZEL. C.
HEIDENREICH. R.
HERBICH, J.B.
HETHERINGTON, A.S.M.
HIGASHI, K.
HIGASHI, K.
HIGGINS, P.M.
HIJAMA, T.
HILL, E.".
HIRATA, T.
HIROSE, 3.
HIROSE, Y.
HOBIE, J.E.
HODGES. L.
HODSON, R.E.
HOGH, M.S.
HOLLINGER, J.P.
HONDA, S.
HORNIG, A.'ii.
HOULIHAN, r .
HOWGATE, P.
HSYNG. L.
HUFF, J.E.
HUFFORD, G.L.
HUNDEMANN. A.S.
HUNG, T-C.
HUNT, D.C.
IGUMA. Y.
IKEDA. S.
IN'TVELD, C.
INT COUNCIL EXPLOR SEA
ISEYA, Z,
I3HIDA, T.
ISMAILJV, SH.I.
054'
0482
0333
R054
0^18
0319
0663
R021
R024
0363
0606
0656
0349
0612
0351
0542
05«3
0462
0380
0413
0595
0492
0327
0658
045?
0345
0348
0353
0582
0601
0703
0519
0453
0454
0544
0705
0465
R042
0379
0602
0603
0552
0328
R032
0684
0380
0649
0682
0483
04^5
0425
0491
0463
0566
0604
0^45
0^?9
0^32
0649
0358
0333
0638
0346
07Qi
0=^89
0338
0346
0364
0463
0456
0406
0330
0^70
0361
0351
233
-------
IVEY, H.D., JR.
JACKSON, D.F.
JAKUCZUN, B.
JAMES, M.O.
JANITZA, J.
JASSBY, A.
JELTES, 8.
JENSEN, V.
JENSEN, V.
JOHNE, G.
JOHNSTON, C.S.
JOHNSTON, R.
KAKUI, Y.
KARINEN, J.F.
KARRICK, H.I.
KARRICK, N.L.
KASHIMOTO, T.
KASHIWAGI, H.
KATZ, W.B.
KAVLIE, D.
KAWAHARA, H.
KAhAI, N.
KAWAKAMI, K.
KAWAKAMI, K.
KAZUYOSHI, K.
KERR. R.A.
KHAILOVICH. YU.A.
KICENIUK,
KICHIGIN,
KIDA, M.
KIKHTEVA,
KINDER, R
KING, P.J
KINGHAM
KINTER.
KIPLING
KNUTSEN, G
KOIDO, Y.
XONDO, G.
KOPPERDAHL
KORN. S.
KOSUGI, M.
KOVALEVA
J.W.
I.A.
V.I.
D.
J
W.B.
M.D.
F.
G.I.
KUBELKA, V.
KUHNHOLD. W.W.
LABRADOR RES ADVISORY
LAPAN, E.
LARDIS, A.E.
LARMIME, F.G.
LASETER, J.L.
LASETER, J.L.
LASZLO, F.
LAWLER, G.C.
LAWLER, G.T.
LEE, R.F.
LEE. R.F.
LEE, R.F.
LEE. W.Y.
LEE, W.Y.
LEE, Y.-L.
LELOURD. P.
LEPPAKOSKI, E.
LEROUX, 3.
LEVY. D.
LEVY, E.M.
LEVY, E.M.
LIGHTHILL. J.
LINDEN. 0.
LINDMARK, D.G.
LINDNER, B.
LINDSAY. J.T.
LISS. P.S.
LISSAUER, I.M.
LITERATHY, P.
LOENNING-VADER, S.
:OUNC
0498
0453
0319
0546
0403
R042
0365
0347
0644
0457
0547
0605
0339
R045
0606
0659
0573
0339
0520
0441
0607
0477
0407
0484
0649
0660
0459
0548
0478
0408
0459
0485
0549
0521
0565
0550
0551
0607
0408
0552
R045
0440
0563
0366
0553
0627
R042
0454
06?8
0554
0555
0367
0554
0555
0545
0645
0661
0556
0557
0346
0522
0629
0558
R042
0320
0662
0630
0559
R055
0485
0458
0639
3589
0367
0560
LONNING. S.
LOONG, W.-A.
LOONG, W.-A.
LORENTZ, J.D.
LOVELL, A.H.
LOWE, J.G.
LOZOVSKII, D.S.
LUKAS, L.A.
LUNDVI3T. G.
LUNEY, P.R.
LUTHY, R.G.
MACHIDA, C.
MACKAY. D.
MACKIE, P.R.
MACKIE, P.R.
MACKIE, P.R.
MACKIE, P.R.
MACKIE, P.R.
MACKIE, P.R.
MACLEOD, W.D., JR.
MALINS, D.C.
MALLEVIALLE, J.
MANSFIELD, G.H.
MARCONI, W.
MARITIME ADMINISTRATION
MARTIN, A.
MARTIN, T.
MASSI. C.
MATSUDA, Y.
MATSUDA, Y.
MATSUDA, Y.
MATSUDA, Y.
MATSUI, J.
MATSUI, S.
MATSUMURA. Y.
MATSUNAGA, K.
MAY, W.E.
MAZMANIDI, N.D.
MCCOWN, D.L.
MCCRACKEN, E.
MCINTYRE, A.D.
MCINTYRE, A.D.
MCINTYRE, A.D.
MCKENZIE, A.
MCMILLION, L.G.
MCROY, C.P.
MEIKLE, K.M.
MEIXNER, R.
MICHEL, P.
MICHEL, ?.
MIJATOVIC, I.
MIKHAILICHENKO, V.P.
MILLER, D.S.
MILLER, G.R.
MILLER, M.C.
MILLS, E.
MIRONOV, O.G.
MIRONOV. O.G.
MITERA, J.
MORGAN, N.
MORIMURA. T.
MORIYAMA, Y.
MCRIYAMA. Y.
MORRESI, A.C.
MORRIS, A.W.
MORRIS, A.W.
MORRIS. B.F.
MORRIS, B.F.
MORRIS, B.F.
MORRIS, R.J.
MOSTECKY, J.
MOTOHIRO. T.
MOUNT, D.I.
MOZLEY.S.
MUNTZER. P.
0561
0554
0555
0441
041 1
04 12
0459
0371
0543
063^
0460
0440
0663
0345
0348
0353
0582
06Q1
0638
0598
0608
0650
0461
0413
0505
0462
0609
0474
0415
0416
0417
0496
0487
0463
0464
0381
0368
0563
0465
R028
0345
0353
0564
R038
0331
R043
0317
0587
0356
0538
0494
0482
056S
0702
0^66
0676
0567
0699
0366
05^2
0334
0407
0484
0623
0369
0568
0370
0569
0664
0562
0366
0570
0571
0566
0673
234
-------
MURAKAMI, T.
MURAKAMI. Y.
MURRAY, J.
MURRAY. J.
MYERS, E.P.
MYREN, R.T.
MYREN, R.T.
NAGAKURA, M.
NAKAE, T.
NAKAMURA. A.
tIAKANISHI, T.
NAN JO, M.
NEDACHIN, A.E.
NEFF, J.M.
NESTEROVA, M.P.
NICHOLS, J.A.
NICOL, J.A.C.
NICOL, J.A.C.
NICOL. J.A.C.
NIELSEN, H.
NITECKI. C.
NOAA
NOAA
NOCHOMOVITZ, I.E.
NOVAK. J.
NURMINEN, M.
O'BRIEN, J.E.
O'BARA, S.C.M.
O'NEILL. T.B.
OBERHOLTZER, G.R.
ODA, T.
OHSHIMA, K.
OHTSUBO, K.
OLIVIERI, R.
ORADOVSKII. S.G.
ORIYA. F.
ORVOSH, 't.
uUDOT, J.
OVERALL, J.
OWENS, E.H.
OZASA, Y.
PARKER, P.
PATIN, S.A.
PATTERSON. R.R.M.
PAYNE, J.F.
PEAKALL, D.B.
PEAKE. E,
PELLA, J.J.
PELLA. J.J.
PENROSE,
PERCY. J
PERES, J.
PERRY, R.
PETROFF.
PETRYNA,
PHILLIPS,
PIIRILA,
PILSON, M.E.Q.
PITBLADO, R.M.
POLIKARPOV, G.G,
POPE, M.
W.R.
.A.
N.
A.
E.
JR.
POTAPOV
POWELL,
POWERS,
PRATHER
PRINCE.
PUCKER, 0.
QUIGG. P.W.
Q UIN N . J . G .
iUINN, J.G.
RALPH 3TONE
RALPH S^ONE
.1E E 3 , J .
RENAULT, P.
REVINA. S.K.
M.P.
. J.
3.V.
R.G.H.
INC
INC
0463
04^8
0582
0703
0349
0350
0572
0486
0489
0573
0487
0339
0534
R044
0420
0655
0556
0557
0584
0488
0319
0574
0631
0704
0366
0466
R036
0544
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050b
0381
0489
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041 3
06'3
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0610
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0372
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0575
061 1
0705
0696
0319
0468
04b9
0576
0670
0340
0632
0371
0470
0^19
0458
0670
0499
0523
R025
0566
0524
0525
R042
0696
RICE, S.D.
RICHARDS, N.L.
RICHARDS. N.L.
RIECK, H.G.
RIEUCAU, C.
RIZET, M.
ROBERTIELLO, A.
ROESSNER, F.W.
ROSENBERG. E.
ROSENEGGER, L.W.
ROSS, D.S.
ROSSI, S.S.
ROUSSEL, J.C.
ROUTSON, R.".
ROYACHKI, M.
SAITO, T.
SAITO, T.
SAKAI. Y.
SANTOS, M.A.
SASAKI. T.
SATE, H.
SA^O, T.
3AT0, T.
SAVINA. R.E.
3AYLER, G.S.
SCHAFFER. R.B.
3CHATZBERG, P.
SCHENK, J.E.
SCHLICH, V.
SCHMIDT-COLLERUS, J.J.
SCHUELER, D.G.
SCHUH, N.
SChULTZ, R.J.
SCHULZE. H.
SEATRADE PUBLICATIONS LTD
SELLECK, R.E.
SENGUP^A, R.
SERNE, R.J.
SEVRYUKOV, S.K.
SHARIFOV, R.R.
SHAW. D.G.
SHCHEKATURINA, T.L.
SHIMUU. A.
3HINODA. K.
SHUFFMAH. R.
SHUTEEV. V.YA.
SHUVAL, H.J.
SIMON, P.B.
SIMONOV, A.I.
SINDERMANN, ".J.
SKRYLER, L.D.
SLEETER, T.D.
SLEETER. T.D.
SLJIVARIC, Z.
SLOAN. C.E.
SMITH , J.E.
SMITH, L.B. . JR.
SMI^H, M.F.
SODA. K.
SONE, T.
3PADONI. 3.
SQUIRES. W.R.
STAFFORD, D.A.
STAGG, A.
STAUD£, vf.
STEELE. R.L.
STEVENIN. G.
STEWART, R.J.
S'TR£TTON. R.J.
R045
R051
0618
R026
0361
0650
0413
0457
0542
0665
0471
0577
0696
R057
0612
0418
0649
0421
0706
0463
0490
0339
0456
0493
0641
0707
0453
0578
0^82
0472
0633
R052
R046
0499
0527
0460
040'
R057
0459
0351
R047
0567
049"
0492
042?
0482
0473
0573
06'3
06'4
0493
OVfO
0664
0494
R033
0424
0622
0694
0607
0425
0474
0543
0447
070^
0499
R043
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06^4
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0372
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03^9
3493
S049
235
-------
SZARO. R.C.
TAKAHASHI, M.
TAKAHASHI, R.
TAKUMA. T.
TAMPE. F.
TANAKA. K.
TANKER ADVISORY CENTER
TEAL. J.M.
TERAJIMA, X.
TERAJIMA, K.
TERAJIMA, K.
TERAJIMA. K.
THACHER, P.S.
THIJSSE, TH.R.
THOMSON, A.B.
THORNTON. D.E.
THUER, M.
TISCHLER, L.F.
TOMIHISA, K.
TOMITA, S.
TOMITA. 3.
TOMITA, S.
TOMITA, S.
TSAIKOVA. A.
T3AYERS, W.B.
TROY, B.E. , JR.
TSUKAHARA. M.
TUFFLY, B.L.
TULL, C.E.
TYLER, B.
UEDA, T.
uEMATSU, K.
UNESCO
UNIV OF DELAWARE
US MERCHANT MARINE ACAD
JS oCS ENVIR STUD ADVIS
UTASHIRO, S.
UTASHIRO. S.
VAN BAALEN, C.
VAN BAALEN. ".
VANDERHORST, J.R.
VANDERKOOY, N.
i/ARGO, G.A.
VENEZIA, L.D.
VESTAL. J.R.
VILBERT, C.
VOSYLIENE, M.
VUKAS-DELAS, V.
*ADE, T.L.
P.
J.D.
J.D.
J.D.
.C.
OM
dADHAMS,
WALKER.
WALKER.
TALKER.
WAHD,
WARDLEY-SMITH.
WASIK. S.P.
(V'EINDOM. H.L.
WEITZEL. R.L.
WELCH, M.F.
WELSH. J.P.
rVENZEL, B.
nESTLAKE, G.F.
«Ea, P.K.
J.A.
K.J.
K.J.
K.J.
K.J.
K.J.
K.J.
J.
•vHIPPLE
WHITTLE.
WHITTLE,
WHITTLE
«/ILD. P.J.
nILDUNG, R
WINTERS, K
ivINTER3. K
0?79
0645
0425
0484
0485
0495
0442
0352
0415
0416
0417
0496
0528
0365
0703
0671
0672
0476
0477
0415
04'6
0417
0496
0612
0635
0332
0427
R022
0616
0333
0487
0334
0615
0636
0508
0679
065'
Ob52
0533
0534
R050
0321
0576
0580
0566
0656
058'
0494
0666
0708
0640
0641
0647
06'6
0637
0368
0667
0578
0557
0589
0499
0697
0709
0540
0345
0353
0564
0582
060'
0638
0^64
RU57
0583
0584
WOGMAN, N.A.
WOLK, K.
WORTHINGTON, V.
YAMAZAKI, M.
YARBROUGH, J.D.
YDING, F.
Y03HZAWA, T.
ZHUROV, V.N.
ZILLIOX, L.
ZOOLNAY, A.
ZSOLNAY, A.
R026
0585
06'7
0456
0536
0443
0440
0478
0673
0668
0354
236
-------
PATENT INDEX
PATENT
CITATION NO.
PATENT
CITATION NO.
East German Patent
121,337
123,304
German Offen-
legungsschriften
2,601,410
2,609,847
2,635,517
2,642,917
2,652,632
2,654,909
Japanese Kokai
76,113,356
76,117,973
76,131,476
76,138,057
77 08,998
77 09,968
77 15,555
77 21,477
77 31 ,992
77 42,485
77 46,666
77 46,893
77 58,250
77 60,284
77 75,682
77 76,286
C-0499
C-0457
C-0328
C-0403
C-0446
C-0329
C-0406
C-0413
C-0408
C-0464
C-0491
C-0467
C-0421
C-0452
C-0487
C-0416
C-0425
C-0489
C-0483
C-0334
C-0495
C-0486
C-0496
C-0417
Japanese Kokai
77 76,287
77 80,291
77 80,292
77 91,792
77,101,683
Japanese Patent
76 30,030
76 44,504
Norwegian Patent
136,294
US Patent
3,908,443
4,029,569
4,030,304
4,031,707
4,032,443
4,033,137
4,033,869
4,051,024
USSR Patent
567,678
570,558
C-0415
C-0407
C-0484
C-0490
C-0427
C-0404
C-0450
C-0488
C-0327
C-0498
C-0385
C-0422
C-0471
C-0388
C-0414
C-0412
C-0481
C-0479
237
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APPENDIX A
Periodicals Reviewed
Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental Pollutants
Alternatives: Perspectives on Society and Environment
Ambio
American Fisheries Society Transactions
Analytical Chemistry
Applied Ecology Abstracts
Applied Energy
Applied Microbiology
Applied Science & Technology Index
Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts
Audubon
Australian Science Index
Berichte der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Komission fuer Meeresforschung
Bibliography and Index of Geology
Biological Abstracts
Bioresearch Index
Bioscience
British Birds
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Bulletin of Marine Science
Catalyst for Environmental Quality
Chemical Abstracts
Chemical and Engineering News
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering Progress
Chemical Week
Chemistry in Canada
Chemosphere
Coastal Zone Management Journal
Conservation News
Current Contents: Life Sciences
Current Contents: Physical and Chemical Sciences
Deep-Sea Research/Oceanographic Bibliography
Ecolibrium
Ecological Abstracts
Ecological Modelling
The Ecologist
Ecology Law Quarterly
Effluents & Water Treatment Journal
Energy Information Abstracts
Energy Review
The Engineering Index Monthly
Environment
Environment Abstracts
Environmental Action
238
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Environmental Conservation
Environmental Geology
Environmental Health and Pollution Control
Environmental Periodicals Bibliography
Environmental Pollution
Environmental Research
Environmental Science & Technology
Environmental Technology and Economics
EPA Reports Bibliography Quarterly
ERDA Energy Research Abstracts
Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science
Fuel Abstracts and Current Titles
Government Reports Announcements
Groundwater
Hydrocarbon Processing
India Journal of Environmental Health
Industrial Wastes Information Bulletin
International Aerospace Abstracts
International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Science
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
International Journal of Environmental Studies
International Petroleum Abstracts
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology
The Journal of Applied Ecology
Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology
Journal of Chromatography
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
Journal of Environmental Sciences
Journal of the Institute of Water Pollution Control
Journal of Petroleum Technology
Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
Limnology and Oceanography
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Journal
Marine Biology
Marine Chemistry
Marine Geology
Marine Geotechnology
Marine Policy
Marine Pollution Bulletin
Marine Science Contents Tables
Marine Technology
Marine Technology Society, Journal
Martime Research Information Service Abstracts
Microbial Ecology
National Fisherman
National Research Council, News Report
National Wildlife
Nature
New Technical Books
Nippon Susan Gakkai Shi. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of
Scientific Fisheries
239
-------
Ocean Engineering
Ocean Industry
Ocean Management
Oceanic Abstracts
Oceanus
Offshore
Oil and Gas Journal
Outdoor California
Pacific Oil World
Petroleum Abstracts
Petroleum Engineer International
Petroleum Today
Pollution Abstracts
Pollution Engineering
Proceedings in Print
Progress in Water Technology
Rapports et Proces Verbaux
Resources
Resource Recovery and Conservation
Royal Society of London, Proceedings, Series B,
Biological Sciences
Science
The Sciences
Science News
Science of the Total Environment
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Scientific Meetings
Sea Frontiers
Sea Secrets
Sea Technology
Selected Water Resources Abstracts
Summaries of Foreign Government Environmental Reports
Technical Book Review
Toxicology
UDS Water Quality Control Digest
Underwater Information Bulletin
Underwater Naturalist
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Water & Pollution Control
Water & Wastes Engineering
Water Pollution Control Federation, Journal
Water Research
Western Fisheries
240
-------
APPENDIX B
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the re^.cne before completing!
1 REPORT NO.
EPA-600/7-78-160
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
OIL POLLUTION REPORTS
Vol . 5 No. 2 (February 197
2.
8 - May 1978)
7 A
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