EPA-670/2-75-044
May 1975 Environmental Protection Technology Series
OIL SPILL AND
OIL POLLUTION REPORTS
November 1974 - February 1975
National Environmental Research Center
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
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EPA-670/2-75-044
May 1975
OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS
November 1974 - February 1975
By
Floyd A. DeWitt, Jr., and Penelope Melvin
Marine Science Institute
University of California
Santa Barbara, California 93106
Project No. R803063
Program Element No. 1BB041
Project Officer
J. S. Dorrler
Industrial Waste Treatment Research Laboratory
Edison, New Jersey 08817
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
CINCINNATI, OHIO 45268
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REVIEW NOTICE
The National Environmental Research Center--
Cincinnati has reviewed this report and approved its
publication. Approval does not signify that the contents
necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of
trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement
or recommendation for use.
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FOREWORD
Man and his environment must be protected from the
adverse effects of pesticides, radiation, noise and other
forms of pollution, and the unwise management of solid waste.
Efforts to protect the environment require a focus that
recognizes the interplay between the components of our
physical environment -- air, water, and land. The National
Environmental Research Centers provide this multidisciplinary
focus through programs engaged in
• studies on the effects of environmental
contaminants on man and the biosphere, and
• a search for ways to prevent contamination
and to recycle valuable resources.
The compilation and dissemination of pertinent informa-
tion is essential to understanding and management of the
environment.
This report is the second in a series of quarterly
reports highlighting research and literature dealing with the
prevention, control and cleanup of oil spills.
A. W. Breidenbach, Ph.D.
Director
National Environmental Research
Center, Cincinnati
m
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ABSTRACT
The November 1974 - February 1975 Oil Spill and Oil Pollution
Report is the second quarterly compilation of oil pollution
report summaries. A new section has been added to the second
report, providing information on the present status and
results of the Current Research Projects listed in Report I.
The following topics are included in the report:
a) Summaries and bibliographic literature citations;
b) Current status of some of the research projects
as listed in Report I;
c) Summaries of additional current research projects;
and,
d) Patent summaries.
This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of EPA Grant
No. R803063 by the Marine Science Institute, University of
California, Santa Barbara, California, under the sponsorship
of the Environmental Protection Agency.
IV
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CONTENTS
Page
Abstract 1v
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
Sections
I Publications and Reports
A. Oil Pollution Detection and Evaluation
1. Monitoring 2
2. Remote Sensing 7
3. Sampling 8
4. Analysis 9
B. Oil Pollution Control
1. Containment 23
2. Cleanup 28
3. Restoration 38
C. Effects of Oil Pollution
1. Biological Effects 39
2. Physical Effects 66
3. Chemical Effects 67
4. General Effects 68
D. Oil Pollution Prevention
1. Design and Engineering 73
2. Oil Recovery and Handling Techniques 76
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(cont'd)
Page
3. Research 93
4. Other 95
E. Effects of Oil Prospecting and Production
1. Biological Effects 98
2. Physical Effects 99
3. Social Effects 100
4. General Effects 101
F. Oil Pollution Legislation
1. State 107
2. National 108
3. International Legislation 114
4. Foreign Legislation 117
6. Bibliographies 119
II Current Status of Some of the Research Projects as Listed
in Report I
A. Oil Pollution Detection and Evaluation
1. Monitoring 120
2. Remote Sensing 123
3. Sampling 125
4. Analysis 126
B. Oil Pollution Control
1. Containment 136
2. Cleanup 140
VI
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(cont'd)
Page
C. Effects of Oil Pollution.
1. Biological Effects 143
2. Physical Effects 166
3. Economic Effects 167
4. General Effects 168
D. Oil Pollution Prevention
1. Design and Engineering 171
2. Oil Recovery and Handling Techniques 172
3. Research 186
III Current Research Projects
A. Oil Pollution Detection and Evaluation
/
1. Monitoring 187
2. Remote Sensing 190
3. Analysis 192
B. Oil Pollution Control
1. Containment 198
2. Cleanup 200
C. Effects of Oil Pollution
1. Biological Effects 205
2. Economic Effects 215
3. General Effects 216
D. Oil Pollution Prevention
1. Design and Engineering 217
2. Oil Recovery and Handling 218
3. Personnel Training and Education 219
vii
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(cont'd)
Page
E. Legal Aspects of Oil Pollution 220
IV Patents
A. United States 221
B. Foreign 240
Topic Cross Reference 25?
vm
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We would like to thank Ms. Yvonne Pommerville for typing
the camera-ready copy. We also wish to thank the personnel
of the Science-Engineering and Government Publication
Departments of the UCSB Library for their professional
assistance during the planning and compilation stages of
the project.
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INTRODUCTION
The purpose of the "Oil Spill and Oil Pollution Reports" series is
to present a concise, comprehensive information source on oil pollution
events, current research and oil pollution related publications. This
is the second quarterly edition of "Oil Spill and Oil Pollution Reports".
Topics surveyed include articles from the scientific and technical
literature (Section I), the status and results of Current Research
Project entries listed in Report I (Section II), additional Current
Research Projects (Section III), and oil pollution related patents
(Section IV). Section II is a new addition to the report and provides
information concerning the present status of research projects presented
in Report I. Unlike the first edition, a section on oil spill events
is not included, but will appear in subsequent oil pollution reports.
The summaries and bibliographic citations of articles presented in
Section I are grouped according to subject and are then arranged alpha-
betically by senior author within each subject division. The sources
of the summarized material are scientific, technical, and abstracting
journals.
Section II lists Current Research Project entries appearing in Report I
and includes descriptive project information provided upon request by
the principal investigators and/or performing organization. All reports
and publications are entered in summary form. The entries in Section II
are not complete in that status information is not given for some of
the research projects listed in Report I. In these cases, the responses
to the request letters were not received prior to the publication date.
At the end of each entry, the name and address of the project information
source are given.
Current Research Project summaries are grouped according to subject and
then arranged alphabetically by senior principal investigator within
each subject division. All research project information was obtained
from the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange (SSIE).
Patent summaries are divided into United States and foreign subsections
and arranged alphabetically by inventor in each section. All patent
information was obtained from abstract journals. Illustrations of
United States patented devices were obtained from the U.S. Patent
Office Official Gazette.
All report entries are serialized. Each section has its own number
series. The serial numbers in this report are a continuation of the
numbering system appearing in Report I. The letters preceding the
serial numbers designate the following sections: C, citations from
the literature; R, research projects; P, patents. This number series
will continue in subsequent reports. Many of the entries can be
included under more than one subject heading. Following each summary
are listed any other topics under which the entry can be categorized.
A subject cross index is provided at the end of the report.
1
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SECTION I. PUBLICATIONS AND REPORTS
A. OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
1. MONITORING
C-122-74
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE AIRBORNE OIL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM.
VOLUME I: SYSTEM DEFINITION STUDIES (Final design report
6 June 1972-5 June 1973).
Anonymous. 1973.
Contract DOT-CG-22170-A (AD-779482; AESC-1745FR-l-Vol-l;
USCG-D-45-74). 271 p.
The document describes the prototype Airborne Oil Surveillance
System (AOSS) design. The efforts and results associated with
the systems analysis are discussed in Volume 1.
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(18). Entry #N74-29780.
C-l23-74
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE AIRBORNE OIL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM.
VOLUME 2: DESIGN REPORT (6 June 1972-5 June 1973)
Anonymous. 1973.
Contract DOT-CG-22170-A. (AD-779483; AESC-1745FR-l-Vol-2;
USCG-D-46-74). 407 p.
Volume 2 gives details of the overall prototype oil surveillance
system design.
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(18). Entry #N74-29781.
C-l24-74
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE OIL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM. VOLUME 3:
SUBSYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS (Final design report 6 June 1972 -
5 June 1973)
Anonymous. 1973.
Contract DOT-CG-22170-A. (AD-779484; AESC-1745FR-l-Vol-3;
USCG-D-47-74). 156 p.
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Volume 3 of the document contains the specifications and
drawing lists of the prototype surveillance system, "and
the Phase I and II work breakdown structure and the Spare
Parts List for the procured sensors."
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(18). Entry #N74-29782.
C-125-74
GLOBAL MONITORING OF OIL IN OCEAN TO BEGIN
Anonymous. 1974.
Chemical and Engineering News 52(23):15-17.
Tar, oil slicks and dissolved hydrocarbons in the oceans will
be surveyed by a worldwide system for monitoring petroleum in
the seas, beginning January 1, 1975. The value of the monitoring
system is questioned because biological damage by oil pollution
will not be assessed.
Citation Source: Environment. 1974. 4(7,8). Entry #12-74-06744.
C-126-74
PROCESS INNOVATIONS
Anonymous. 1974.
Canadian Chemical Processing 58(3):8-10.
A new airborne instrument is described which can detect water
pollution at night by means of fluorescence. The system has
detected fluorescence from oil refinery wastes and can detect
oil slicks from altitudes of 300 meters.
Remote Sensing
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10605.
C-127-74
(No Title)
Anonymous. 1974.
Research and Development News 15(21):!.
An oil-on-water sensor system has been developed and tested by
Texas Instruments, Inc. The sensor detects the presence of oil
on water by emitting a wideband IR pulse and receiving
reflections at 2 narrow spectral bands.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
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C-l28-74
MONITORING NARRAGANSETT BAY OIL SPILLS BY INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Brown, C. W., P. F. Lynch, and M. Ahmadjian. 1974.
Environmental Science and Technology 8(7):669-670.
Infrared spectroscopy used in monitoring oil spills in Narragansett
Bay has been very effective in determining the sources of spills.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(14).
Entry #79959y.
C-129-74
OIL POLLUTION MONITORING IN THE LAGOON OF VENICE USING THE
MUSSEL MYTILUS GALLOPRQVINCIALIS
Fossato, V. U., and E. Siviero. 1974.
Marine Biology (Berlin) 25(l):l-6.
Studies have shown that the mussel M_. galloprovincialis from
several areas of the Lagoon of Venice contains significant
amounts of hydrocarbon mixtures due to fuel oil contamination.
Hydrocarbon levels in the organisms varied with distance from
the pollution sources and varied in degree of exchange with the
sea and sample areas. These results point to the mussel as a
useful monitoring index of oil pollution in the lagoon.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(6).
Entry #34253.
C-l30-74
OIL/WATER INTERFACE DETECTOR LABORATORY EVALUATION
Heigl, J. J. 1973.
NTIS Report COM-74-10120/5WP. 94 p.
Three devices, based on acoustic attenuation, sonic velocity and
electrical conductivity were evaluated in the laboratory for
their ability to measure oil-in-water in tanker operations.
Tests revealed that all three systems failed to meet the aesired
standards.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06763.
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C-131-74
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES OF PORT VALDEZ
Hood, D. W., W. E. Shiels, and E. J. Kelley. 1973.
Report NOAA-740101401.
Environmental data including physical and biological aspects
and hydrocarbon studies of Port Valdez were determined so as
to establish baseline information against which future
monitoring could be compared. Such studies will aid in
predicting the impacts of future additions of pollutants to
the waters.
Research
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(8).
Entry #41108g.
C-l32-74
OIL POLLUTION DETECTION, MONITORING AND LAW ENFORCEMENT.
QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT
Horvath, R. 1974.
Contract NAS9-13281. (E74-10559; NASA-CR-138634; ERIM-101800-
12-P; QPR-5). 2 p.
The author reports no significant results in the study.
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(17). Entry #N74-27771.
C-133-74
KINETIC STUDY OF A FUEL OIL UNDERGOING PHOTOCHEMICAL WEATHERING
Majewski, J., J. O'Brien, E. Barry, and H. Reynolds. 1974.
Environmental Letters 7(2):145-161.
A study was conducted which monitored the reactions resulting
from exposure of No. 6 fuel oil in pentane to UV light. The
data obtained were compared to various kinetic models.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #108254x.
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C-134-74
OBSERVATIONS OF WATER, AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION IN ISRAEL AND
VICINITY FROM THE ERTS-1 IMAGERY
Otterman, J., A. Ginzburg, G. Ohring, and Y. Mekler. 1974.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 3(1):53-61.
The objectives of the Earth Resources Technology Satellite
Program (ERTS), a program in which Israel is a participant,
are presented. Cases,in which pollution in Israel was observed
by the multi-spectral scanner of the satellite, include oil
slicks in the Gulf of Suez and near Haifa.
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(9).
Entry #51949.
C-l35-74
AERIAL DETECTION OF SPILL SOURCES
Rudder, C. L., A. G. Wallace, and C. J. Reinheimer. 1973.
Contract EPA-01-0178 (PB-22810513; EPA-R-73-289).
An aerial surveillance spill prevention system has been designed,
and an imagery interpretation key of the petroleum industry has
been developed. Identifications of potential spill sources as
related to oil processing, storage and disposal facilities were
made.
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(16). Entry #N74-26940.
C-l36-74
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY. TOOL FOR AIR AND WATER POLLUTION STUDIES
Zeller, M. V. 1974.
Instrument News 24(1):5-7.
The research project describes the use of infrared spectroscopy
in detecting contaminants in the atmosphere and in analyzing oil
in water.
Analysis
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(8).
Entry #40950p.
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2. REMOTE SENSING
C-137-74
THE DETERMINATION OF OIL SLICK THICKNESS BY MEANS OF MULTI-
FREQUENCY PASSIVE MICROWAVE TECHNIQUES
Hollinger, P. 1973.
NTIS Report AD-771 376/1WP
An investigation was made on the technique of multifrequency
microwave radiometry used for the remote determination of
thickness and volume of ocean surface oil spills. Aircraft-
borne studies on eight controlled marine oil spills revealed
oil slick regions with film thicknesses of 1 mm or more,
surrounded by larger and thinner slicks containing very little
oil.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06758.
C-138-74
INVESTIGATIONS OF SURFACE FILMS - CHESAPEAKE BAY ENTRANCE
Maclntyre, W. G., C. L. Smith, J. C. Mundy, V. M. Gibson, and
J. L. Lake. 1974.
Environmental Protection Agency. Technology Series Report
EPA 670/2-73-099. 168 p.
The multi-purpose study includes research to predict oil slick
motion and oil slick aging rates, remote sensing techniques to
detect and measure the spreading rate of oil, and quantitative
studies of plankton in slick, non-slick and subsurface water.
Research
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(18). Entry #W74-08831.
C-139-74
EVALUATION OF AN INFRARED OIL FILM MONITOR
Wright, D. E., and 0. A. Wright. 1973.
USCG-D-51-74. Contract DOT-CG-33672-A. 96 p.
The effectiveness of a remote oil film detection instrument
was evaluated. Both laboratory and in-situ experiments showed
that the instrument could specifically detect hydrocarbon films
on the waters surface.
Citation Source: Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(14). Entry #AD-778 814/4GA.
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3. SAMPLING
C-l40-74
NOVEL METHOD FOR SAMPLING OIL SPILLS AND FOR MEASURING
INFRARED SPECTRA OF OIL SAMPLES
Brown, C. W., P. F. Lynch, and M. Ahmadjian. 1974.
Analytical Chemistry 46(1):183-184.
A method is discussed which reduces the water content from
oil samples to negligible amounts and provides a new technique
to measure infrared spectra.
Analysis
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-l41-74
OIL FLOATING IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC
Wellman, A. M. 1973.
Matrine Pollution Bulletin 4(12) :190-191.
Tar samples were collected from tar balls floating in the Atlantic
in the summer, 1973. The globules ranged from .35 to 20 mm in
diameter; larger masses existed but were not collected.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04544.
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4. ANALYSIS
C-142-74
ALKANE DEGRADATION IN BEACH SANDS
Ahlfeld, T. E., and P. A. LaRock. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01
p. 199-203.
The rate of n-alkane breakdown was estimated in beach sands
from Coal Oil Point, California. From the analyses, it was
found that total daily oxidation only accounts for 6% removal
of alkane content of the sand.
Chemical Effects
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08629.
C-l43-74
THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THE HEAVY ORGANIC INDUSTRIES
Amos, R. 1973.
Talanta 20(12):1231-1260.
The role of thin-layer chromatography in analyzing petroleum
hydrocarbons, fuel and lubricant polymers, and in conserving
the environment is discussed.
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(8).
Entry #41395.
C-l44-74
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES SEEK TO FINGERPRINT OIL SPILLS
Anonymous. 1974
Chemical and Engineering News 52(12):30.
Various analytical methods for identifying oil spills, and
determining oil spill sources were discussed at a Pittsburgh
Conference symposium on fingerprinting oil spills. The
efficiency of ultraviolet fluorescence spectroscopy in
solving these problems was described.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
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C-l45-74
'FINGERPRINTS' TRACE SPILL CULPRITS
Anonymous. 1974
Chemical Week 114(24):40.
Unidentified oil and chemical spills comprised 60% of the
total spills occurring in 1973. Methods used in Environmental
Protection Agency laboratories for analysis of oil spill
origins include gas chromatography, infrared spectrophotometry
and atomic absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #74-06745.
C-146-74
MANY MILLION GALLONS OF OIL ILLEGALLY MISMANAGED IN NORTHEAST
AREA
Anonymous. 1974
Solid Wastes Management 17(4):32.
The article reports that approximately 23 million gallons/year
of industrial and automotive waste oil are illegally disposed
of in the New York metropolitan area. Such illegal activities
are attributed to the lack of development of proper handling
and reprocessing systems.
Oil Recovery and Handling Techniques
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(9).
Entry #17-74-07795.
C-147-74
ARTIFICIAL SEA SLICKS: THEIR PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS AND ROLE
IN FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH
Barger, W. R., and W. D. Garrett. 1974.
NTIS Report AD-780784; NRL-7751 CSCL 08C.
Large man-made organic sea slicks adsorbed at the air-sea
interface have been generated to investigate mechanisms of
wind-wave interactions, air-sea exchange processes and oil
spill control, containment and retrieval. The composition
and techniques for forming oil slicks are described.
Containment
Cleanup
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(22). Entry #N74-32861.
10
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C-148-74
THE DETERMINATION OF VEGETABLE AND MINERAL OILS IN THE
EFFLUENTS AND SEWAGE SLUDGES OF THE UPPER TAME BASIN
Bennett, M., H. J. Dee, and N. Harkness. 1973.
Water Research 7(12):1849-1859.
Methods for extraction and quantitative analysis of vegetable
and mineral oils in effluents and sewage sludges are presented.
The mineral oils are quantitatively estimated by infrared
spectrophotometry.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10818.
C-149-74
DEVELOPMENT OF CLASSIFICATION SCALE FOR CHARACTERIZING BILGE
WATERS USED IN EVALUATING OIL REMOVAL TECHNIQUES
Budininkas, P., and G. A. Remus. 1974.
USCG-D-75-74. Contract DOT-CG-32521-A.
The report describes a method for empirically classifying
bilgewaters based upon the rate of oil separation from water-
oil emulsions. The emulsions were prepared from oils used
on marine vessels, including diesel fuel, hydraulic and
lubricating oils.
Citation Source: Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(14). Entry #AD-778 929/OGA.
C-150-74
A MICROWAVE INSTRUMENT FOR THE CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF THE
WATER CONTENT OF CRUDE OIL
Castle, G. S. P., and J. Roberts. 1974.
Proceedings of the IEEE 62(1):103-108.
An instrument is described which continuously compares "wet"
samples of oil to determine water content present. The
technique obtains sensitivities of 0.05% water content.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-151-74
MICROBIAL ECOLOGY AND THE PROBLEM OF PETROLEUM DEGRADATION
IN CHESAPEAKE BAY
Colwell, R. R., J. D. Walker, and J. D. Nelson, Jr. 1973.
11
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Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication RSU-SG-73-01,
P. 185-197.
To obtain information on seasonal occurrence and species
distribution of oil-degrading organisms, water and sediment
samples were analyzed from Chesapeake Bay. From these studies
a hydrocarbon-utilizing fungus Cladosporium resinae and
actinomycetes were the major degrading isolates.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08628.
C-152-74
DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN WATER BY
AN OPTICAL ACOUSTICAL METHOD
Domostroeva, N. G. 1974.
Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika 3:66-67.
The concept and operation of the optical acoustic method is
discussed. The method is based on spectral properties of the
petroleum products (absorption in the 2800-3000/cm range).
Producibility was within ±1% with i3% accuracy in determining
petroleum in waters of three Russian oilfields.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #108156s.
C-l53-74
INTERCALIBRATION OF ANALYSES OF RECENTLY BIOSYNTHESIZED
HYDROCARBONS AND PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE LIPIDS
Farrington, J. W., J. M. Teal, J. G. Quinn, T. Wade, and
K. Burns. 1973.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 10(3):
129-136.
An intercalibration study was made to determine the accuracy
and precision of hydrocarbon analyses being made in different
laboratories. Analyses from three laboratories showed agreement
in their measurements of petroleum contamination levels.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05445.
12
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C-154-74
PORT COLLECTION AND SEPARATION FACILITIES FOR OILY WASTES.
VOLUME IV: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Forster, R.L., J.E. Moyer, and S.I. Firstman. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):106.
Types and estimates of quantities of oil wastes entering ports
by nonmilitary shipping are reported. Conceptual designs for
handling oil wastes at selected ports are listed and roles of
government and impact of shipping are evaluated.
Installation design and engineering
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04344.
C-155-74
PORT COLLECTION AND SEPARATION FACILITIES FOR OILY WASTES.
VOLUME V: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CONCEPTUAL SYSTEM PLANS
FOR THE SURVEYED PORTS UNDER THE 'NO DISCHARGE1, '1969
AMENDMENTS' AND 'NO SHEEN1 CRITERIA
Forster, R.L. et al. 1973.
NTIS Report COM-74-10012/4WP. Vol. 5. 470p.
The report identifies the different wastes that are brought into
selected ports by military shipping and provides estimates of
waste quantities in the seas for 1975 and 1980. Designs for oil
handling facilities are presented and the roles of government
and impact of shipping are evaluated.
Installation design and engineering
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06764.
C-156-74
CHARACTERIZATION OF CRUDE, SEMIREFINED AND REFINED OILS BY GAS
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Garza, M.E., Jr., and J. Muth. 1974.
Environmental Science and Technology 8(3):249-255.
A simple method for the characterization of oils by chromatography
is described. Lubricating and fuel oils can be identified as to
source by this procedure.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(9). Entry #3161.
13
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C-157-74
PETROLEUM-DERIVED AND INDIGENOUS HYDROCARBONS IN RECENT
SEDIMENTS OF LAKE ZUG, SWITZERLAND
Giger, W., H. Reinhard, C. Schaffner, and W. Stumm. 1974.
Environmental Science and Technology 8(5):454-455.
Hydrocarbon studies on Lake Zug have revealed that large
amounts of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons are present in
sediments near the more densely populated northern shores
of the lake. Indigenous hydrocarbons are present in the
lake's middle region, adjacent to less densely populated
areas.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04486.
C-l58-74
ON WHICH CONDITIONS ARE IDENTIFICATIONS OF MINERAL OILS ON
WATER SURFACES POSSIBLE?
Hellman, H., and H. Zehle. 1974.
Fresenius1 Zeitschrift fuer Analytische Chemie 269(5).-353-356.
The paper discussed the difficulties in identifying mineral
oils floating on water surfaces due to weathering and changes
in thickness of the oil layer. Extinction increases in key
bands in the IR spectra of some bilge oils are described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #96242.
C-l59-74
DISSOLVED HYDROCARBONS IN THE EASTERN GULF OF MEXICO LOOP
CURRENT AND THE CARIBBEAN SEA
Iliffe, T. M. 1974.
Deep Sea Research 21(16):481-488.
Dissolved non-polar hydrocarbon concentrations of waters
collected from various stations and depths in the Gulf of
Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were determined. The highest
concentrations were found to occur in the Florida Strait.
Hydrocarbon compositions of the different waters are given.
Citation Source:
The Engineering Index Monthly.
Entry #064130.
1974. 12(10)
14
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C-160-74
A REVIEW OF OUTBOARD MOTOR EFFECTS ON THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Jackivicz, T. P., Jr., and L. N. Kuzminski. 1973.
Water Pollution Control Federation Journal 45(8):1759-1770.
The various compounds discharged by outboard motors and their
manner of entry into waters are reviewed.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04276.
C-161-74
FINGERPRINTING TECHNIQUES AS AIDS IN THE ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE
CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Jeltes, R. 1974.
Journal of Chromatographic Science 12(10):599-606.
The article presents a series of examples to demonstrate the
application of chromatographic techniques in recognizing and
characterizing chemical pollutants, including oil.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-162-74
CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY RESIDUAL FUEL OILS AND ASPHALTS BY
INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY USING STATISTICAL DISCRIMINANT
FUNCTION ANALYSIS
Kawahara, F. K., J. F. Santner, and E. C. Julian. 1974.
Analytical Chemistry 46(2):266-273.
A statistical technique has been developed to distinguish
between asphaltic materials and residual fuel oils, using IR
spectrophotometry, data treatment and transformation and
discriminant function analysis.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04302.
C-163-74
EFFECT OF AN OIL SLICK ON THE SEA SURFACE ON TURBULENCE AND
THE LAYER OF THE ATMOSPHERE NEXT TO THE WATER
Kuznetsov, 0. A., and G. N. Panin. 1974
Meteorology and Hydrology 5:142-146.
15
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The results of measuring the spectra of the vertical wind
velocity component, the air humidity and the moisture flow
above the sea surface covered by an oil slick are compared
with the measurements under analogous conditions in the
absence of the oil slick.
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports,
1974. 21(20). Entry #N74-31109.
C-l64-74
A METHOD FOR THE HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSES
OF PETROLEUM RESIDUES
Levy, E. M., L. R. Webber, and J. D. Moffat. 1973.
Journal of Chromatographic Science 11(11):591-593.
A procedure has been developed which can analyze crude oil, fuel
oil residues and pollution samples, by high temperature gas
chromatography, without any sample pretreatment. The method
resolves the problems of sample contamination.
Citation Source: Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental
Pollutants. 1974. 3(8). Entry #7435.
C-165-74
DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF OIL-IN-WATER
EMULSIONS BY ELECTRONIC COUNTING
Lien, T. R. 1974.
Environmental Science and Technology 8(6):558-561.
A Coulter counter was used to determine the particle size
distribution of a hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion. Changes in
size of the oil particles after dilution were observed.
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974. 12(9)
Entry #059623.
C-166-74
STUDIES ON INDUSTRIAL WATERS CONTAINING OIL EMULSIONS. II.
Lordi, R., C. Manci, and B. M. Petronio. 1974.
Inquinamento 16(4):31-33.
Studies were conducted on industrial waters containing emulsions
of oil-containing emulsifiers and additives. The emulsions were
found to be very stable, broken only by additional heat or H2SO..
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(8).
Entry #111072s.
16
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C-167-74
SEA-WATER POLLUTION BY HYDROCARBON IN THE ADRIATIC SEA.
NOTE I. A METHOD FOR THE SAMPLING AND DOSAGE OF SURFACE
SEA-WATER HYDROCARBONS
Majori, L., F. Petronio, and G. Nedoclan. 1973.
Igiene Moderna 66(2):150-171.
A multi-phase method for evaluating total and persisting
hydrocarbons on the sea surface is described.
Citation Source: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
1974. 4(7). Entry #4Q 7323M.
C-l68-74
SEA-WATER POLLUTION BY HYDROCARBON IN THE ADRIATIC SEA.
NOTE II. RESULTS OF RESEARCH CARRIED OUT IN THE GULF OF
TRIESTE IN 1970.
Majori, L., F. Petronio, and G. Nedoclan. 1973.
Igiene Moderna 66(2):172-192.
In conducting sea surface oil pollution analyses, studies
indicated stationary distributions of the oil in the Gulf.
Distributions were dependent upon the space in the sea
environment rather than the time element involved.
Citation Source: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts.
1974. 4(7). Entry #4Q 7348M.
C-l69-74
MEASURES TO COMBAT ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC OIL SPILLS
McLeod, R., and D. L. McLeod. 1974.
Journal of Petroleum Technology 10:269-279.
Complete data from 16 arctic and subarctic oil spills have
been collected for the purpose of analyzing the beneficial
use of chemical, mechanical and destructive measures to combat
spills under such severe climatic conditions.
Containment
Cleanup
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06722.
17
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C-l70-74
REPORT ON THE COMPOSITION OF OIL FROM THE REGION OF NEW
HYDROCARBON UPWELLING IN THE SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
Mikolaj, P. G. 1973.
Grant: NOAA USDC SGP 04-3-158-22 R-CZ-9. 22 p.
Comparisons are made between oil seeps near Coal Oil Point and
new upwelling oil observed June 1973, in the Santa Barbara
Channel. Gas chromatography and atomic absorption spectro-
photometry analyses indicate that the new seep is significantly
different in chemical composition from existing Coal Oil Point
seeps.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04443.
C-171-74
APPLICATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR ANALYSES OF WATER POLLUTED
BY PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Novotny, J. 1974.
Vodni Hospodarstvi 24(2):45-52.
The types and quantities of hydrocarbons in polluted waters and
the gas chromatographic methods for their analyses are discussed.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #96034k.
C-172-74
IDENTIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES IN PETROLEUM CAUSING OBJECTIONABLE
ODOR IN FISH
Ogata, M., and Y. Miyake. 1973.
Water Resources 7(10):1493-1504.
Analyses were made on seawater wastes, fish and eels to identify
the cause of offensive odors in fish near oil refineries.
Toluene and possibly other aromatic hydrocarbons were found to
be the main causes of the odor in fish.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(5).
Entry #28793.
18
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C-173-74
REMOVAL OF OIL IN GROUND AT TRANSMITTER SITE, NAVCOMSTA,
GREECE
O'Neill, T. B., and J. S. Williams. 1973.
U.S. Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory, Port Hueneme,
California, Technical Note N-1322. 20 p.
Chemical and biological analyses were conducted to measure the
extent of oil contamination of accumulated underground diesel
fuel located next to leaking storage tanks at the transmitter
site Naval Communications Station, Greece. Suggestions were
made to recover free oil from the area by pumping from
collection pits, and to utilize bacterial seeding processes
to restore the oil-polluted soil.
Oil recovery and handling techniques
Restoration
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04920.
C-174-74
DETERMINATIONS OF HYDROCARBONS IN THE MARINE FAUNA. PROSPECTS
AND LIMITS OF THE USE OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THESE STUDIES
Pavesi, M. A., and C. Zolezzi. 1973.
Ecologia 3(8):18-22.
A review is given of the techniques for determining the content
and effects of hydrocarbons in marine fauna and flora. The
utility and limitations of gas chromatography in detecting
hydrocarbons in marine fauna are examined.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(10). Entry #3617.
C-175-74
EFFECTS OF EXHAUST FROM TWO-CYCLE OUTBOARD ENGINES
Shuster, W. W., L. Glesceri, S. Kobayashi, and W. Perrotte. 1974.
EPA - 670/2-74-063. 320 p.
Laboratory and field analyses were conducted to determine the
amount of pollution arising from exhaust products being discharged
into an oligotrophic/mesotrophic lake from the operation of
19
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two-cycle outboard engines. Results have shown that very low
levels of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons exist in the sedi-
ments and water column, and it is suggested that microbiological
mechanisms are significant in the dispersion of exhaust products.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(19). Entry #PB-233 567/7GA.
C-l76-74
APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME MASS SPECTROMETRIC TECHNIQUES TO
ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY. II. ORGANIC MATTER IN
SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA WATER
Simoneit, B. R., D. H. Smith, G. Eglinton, and A. Burlingame.
1973.
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1(3):
193-208.
Petroleum ether extracts taken from samples of water from the
San Francisco Bay area were analyzed using gas chromatography
and mass spectrometry techniques. It was concluded that the
techniques were ideally suitable for assessing some potential
interactions of pollutants and other organic substances in
aqueous environments.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04193.
C-177-74
RECENT METHODS OF WATER ANALYSIS
Steinle, G. 1973.
Zucker 137(3):589-592.
Methods for the detection of phenols, detergents, tensides,
hydrocarbons, pesticides, saccharides, and inorganic ions in
water are surveyed and discussed in detail.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(10). Entry #3594.
C-178-74
QUALITY OF SURFACE WATER IN THE VICINITY OF OIL EXPLORATION
SITES, BIG CYPRESS AREA, SOUTH FLORIDA
Wimberly, E. T. 1974.
Geological Survey Open-file Report 74012. 26 p.
20
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A study was conducted in which samples of surface water were
collected and analyzed before;and after oil drilling
activities.
General effects of oil prospecting and production
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08596.
C-l79-74
RECONNAISSANCE OF WATER QUALITY IN THE VICINITY OF SUNNILAND
OIL FIELD, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA, 1971-72
Wimberly, E. T. 1973.
Water-Resources Investigations 35-73. 10 p.
Analyses were conducted on the surface water near the Sunniland
Oil Field to check for chloride, organic carbon, oil and grease,
or crude oil contamination. Tests using gas chromatography
indicated no crude oil present in the samples.
General effects of oil prospecting and production
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10240.
C-180-74
OIL POLLUTANTS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Yamamoto, S. 1973.
Marine Electrochem. Pap. Symposium. 1972. p. 355-367.
(ed: J. B. Gerkowitz, Princeton, New Jersey).
A review with thirty-four references.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #95986k.
C-181-74
OIL SPILL-SOURCE CORRELATION BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY.
EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Zafiriou, 0. C., J. Myers, R. Bourbonniere, and F. J. Freestone.
1973.
Proceedings, Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of Oil
Spills, p. 153-159.
21
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Described is a gas chromatographic method which correlates
unknown oil in waters with possible source oils. The efficiency
of the method decreases with increase in the number of oils
that are possible sources.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #27828k.
C-182-74
INTERFERENCE OF OIL SPILL EMULSIFIERS WITH GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Zafiriou, 0. C., J. Meyers, and F. Freestone. 1973.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 4(6):87-88.
Presented are four commercially available spill control agents
which interfere with gas chromatographic correlation of spilled
oils with suspected sources. The effects of these products
are discussed and expected interference with other analytical
methods is surveyed.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04633.
C-183-74
DETERMINATION OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SUBMICROGRAM
QUANTITIES IN AQUEOUS SYSTEMS BY MEANS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Zsolnay, A. 1973.
Chemosphere 2(6):253-260.
The paper deals with the method of high performance liquid
chromatography to measure aromatic hydrocarbon levels in
crude oil.
Citation Source: Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental
Pollutants. 1974. 3(9). Entry #8810.
22
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B. OIL POLLUTION CONTROL
1. CONTAINMENT
C-184-74
OPEN-OCEAN BARRIER NEAR COMPLETION
Abrahams, R. N., and C. W. Koburger.
Oil and Gas Journal 72(16):98-101.
1974.
The article announces the near completion of a U.S. Coast
Guard high seas oil containment barrier able to effectively
operate in 5 foot seas and 20 mph winds. The barrier is a
part of a three-part plan by the Coast Guard to control,
contain and recover oil from surface waters.
Cleanup
Citation Source:
Environment Abstracts,
Entry #12-74-08704.
1974. 4(10)
C-185-74
BARGE SLIP, RETAINER BOOM ELIMINATE OIL SPILLS
Anonymous. 1974.
Electrical World 181(1):47.
Described is an oil spill containment barge slip installed
near Richmond, Virginia, by the Virginia Electric and Power
Company. The slip can accommodate a 70,000 barrel oil barge
and tugboat; after the vessels are secured in the slip, an
oil spill retaining boom is drawn across the slip entrance,
sealing the area and retaining any spilled oil.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-186-74
BOOM "BUSTS" OIL SPILLS
Anonymous. 1974.
Water and Wastes Engineering 11(3):55.
A device called a Sea Sentry Boom is being used to contain
oil spills on inland and offshore waters. The boom extends
above the surface by a full foot and has a 24 inch skirt
extending below the surface to prevent oil loss due to waves
or currents.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
23
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C-187-74
OCEAN PRODUCTS AND LITERATURE
Anonymous. 1974.
Ocean Science on Station 16(39):6.
An oil spill containment system named a Bottom Tension Boom
has been developed to withstand twenty foot seas, sixty knot
winds and two knot currents.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-188-74
VIKOMA SYSTEM DESIGNED TO CONTROL AND LIMIT OIL SPILLS
OCCURRING AT SEA
Anonymous. 1974.
Oil and Gas Journal 72(36):68-72.
The system is composed of a new boom for oil containment and
a skimmer for removing oil from the sea surface.
Cleanup
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974. 12(10).
Entry #067030.
C-189-74
A RAPIDLY DEPLOYABLE OIL CONTAINMENT BOOM FOR EMERGENCY HARBOR
USE
Cunningham, J. J. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(18):114.
Information on oil spill confinement was collected to establish
performance criteria for an ideal oil spill containment boom
for harbor emergencies. Boom criteria include size limitations,
storage and handling procedures and optimum performance
capabilities.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04362.
C-190-74
DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF SURFACE-MOORED VERTICAL BARRIER TO WAVE
ACTION BY ANALOG AND DIGITAL SIMULATION
Fowler, J. R., and E. I. Bailey. 1974.
Journal of Engineering for Industry 96(1):335-342.
24
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A lightweight mechanical barrier with very low tensile loads
was designed to contain oil spills at sea. A study was under-
taken and a mathematical model was proposed and solved on analog
and digital computers, so as to insure adequate dynamic response
of the barrier to current and waves.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-191-74
AN EXAMINATION OF ALTERNATIVE METHODS FOR EMPLOYING BOOMS TO
CONTAIN OIL SPILLS IN NAVY HARBORS
Larson, J. J. 1974.
Masters Thesis. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California.
102 p.
The paper assists decision-makers in determining the relative
effectiveness of three methods for oil spill containment boom
employment.
Citation Source: Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(21). Entry #AD-783 790/96A.
C-192-74
STATE OF THE ART OF OIL CONTAINMENT BARRIERS FOR USE AT
OFFSHORE TERMINALS
Mainville, C. R. 1973.
NTIS Report COM-74-10212/OWP. 89 p.
After a thorough investigation, the suitability of existing
oil containment barriers for use offshore has been reviewed.
At present no commercially available oil containment barrier
system can by itself prevent the spread of oil under offshore
conditions.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06776.
C-193-74
AVIATION FUEL SPILL CONTAINMENT USING ABSORBENT MATERIALS
Mazewski, E. E., and R. H. Kroop. 1974.
Air Force Project 683L. AD-776762; AFWL-TR-9. 32 p.
25
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An evaluation was made on three absorbent materials to determine
which substances were effective in the rapid containment of small
aviation fuel spills.
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(15). Entry #N74-26242.
C-194-74
ANALYSIS OF LIGHTWEIGHT OIL CONTAINMENT SYSTEM SEA TRIALS
Miller, E., et al. 1973.
NTIS Report AD-770344/OWP. 34 p.
The description and results of tests measuring the effectiveness
of the U.S. Coast Guard's high seas containment barrier are
presented. The development program of the barrier is reviewed.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8)
Entry #12-74-06771.
C-195-74
SHORE TERMINATION FOR OIL SPILL BOOMS
Roberts, A. C. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):123.
The paper cites one of the most common sources of failure in
containing oil spills with floating booms - that of leakage
between the end of the boom and the adjacent shoreline deck.
A simple boom terminator is described in which an outboard
motor is mounted on a structure to seal any existing gap.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04352.
C-196-74
RATING SYSTEM FOR SPILL CONTROL
Wright, C. 1973.
World Ports 35(3):8-9.
Described is a rating system, designed by Johns-Manville
Corporation, which assists the buyer in evaluating oil
barriers objectively.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #04654.
26
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C-197-74
HOW CLEAN GULF COMBATS OIL SPILLS
Wolfe, J. W., Jr. 1974.
Oil and Gas Journal 72(36):77-78, 80, 82.
A fast-response unit and high-volume open-sea systems (HOSS)
are two types of equipment stocked by Clean Gulf Associates,
an organization which maintains materials and apparatus for
containment and cleanup of oil spills in Gulf waters.
Cleanup
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974.
12(10). Entry #067029.
27
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2. CLEANUP
C-198-74
CLEANUP EQUIPMENT FOR SPILLS IS ARRAYED FOR IMMEDIATE USE IN
GULF OF MEXICO
Anonymous. 1973.
Offshore 33(10):61-62.
A flotilla of the most modern cleanup and containment systems
has been assembled for use in the Gulf of Mexico. The equip-
ment is subdivided into 4 basic groups: fast response open-sea
and bay systems, shallow water systems, auxiliary equipment,
and a high-volume open-sea system.
Containment
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04514.
C-199-74
DISPOSAL OF USED LUBRICATING OIL IN WESTERN EUROPE
Anonymous. 1973.
Stichting Concawe. Report 9/73. 62 p.
Disposal technology and collection system options for used
lubricating oil in western European countries are outlined and
suggestions for future controls are given.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05940.
C-200-74
FIGHTING POLLUTION: LATEST GOVERNMENTAL ACTION IS AIMED AT
REDUCING OIL SPILLS AND DISCHARGES
Anonymous. 1974.
Marine Engineering Log 79(5):29-32.
The increase in governmental actions to prevent oil discharges
and spills from ships have resulted in increased business for
pollution control manufacturers and higher ship outfitting
costs. A broad spectrum of pollution control equipment is
presented.
Oil recovery and handling techniques
Economic effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(10).
Entry #12-74-08690.
28
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C-201-74
FIVE TOWER SYSTEM FOR OFFSHORE WASTE
Anonymous. 1973.
Dock Harbour Authority 54(634):137-138.
An offshore disposal system has been developed to handle a
wide range of solid, liquid and effluent wastes. One tower
in the five tower system was designed to also handle tanker
discharge, slop disposal and ship refueling.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control
1974. 5(8). Entry #2894.
C-202-74
NEW OIL SPILL CLEANUP TOOL FOR COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION
Anonymous. 1974.
Oil Week 25(8):30.
The Petroleum Association for the Conservation of the Canadian
Environment has developed a boom for containing and cleaning
up oil spills in medium to fast moving waters. An explanation
of the structure and operation of the boom is given.
Containment
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10566.
C-203-74
SAFMARINE ORDER FIVE POLLUTION PATROL CRAFT FOR CHARTER TO
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT
Anonymous. 1973.
South African Shipping News and Fishing Industry Review.
28(6):27.
A contract was finalized by Sandock-Austral and Safmarine to
build five oil pollution patrol boats for the Department of
Transport. Shipboard features such as dispersant tanks and
pumps and life saving equipment are described.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04510.
29
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C-204-74
WASTE OIL STUDY
Anonymous. 1973.
Report by the House Committee on Public Works. 93rd Congress.
1 Ser. 93-12. 58 p.
Information on quantities and properties of waste oils produced
and current methods of collection and disposal are presented.
Results of studies on the hazards and environmental degradation
from waste oil disposal are given.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(10).
Entry #03-74-0894.
C-205-74
EFFECTS OF SOME COMMERCIAL OIL HERDERS, DISPERSANTS AND BACTERIAL
INOCULA ON BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN SEAWATER
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 283-289.
Oil herders and dispersants tested were shown to significantly
increase rate of oil mineralization but had no effect on the
extent of petroleum biodegradation; the two commercial bacteria
tested had no effect on either rate or extent of oil biodegrada-
tion. The importance of preserving the natural microbial
degradation process of oil is stressed.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08640.
C-206-74
BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN SEAWATER: LIMITING FACTORS AND
ARTIFICIAL STIMULATION
Bartha, R., and R. M. Atlas. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 147-152.
Limiting parameters of oil biodegradation were quantitatively
evaluated in an effort to define stimulated oil biodegradation
as a pollution abatement technique.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08624.
30
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C-207-74
EFFICIENCY MEASURES FOR THE SANITARY PROTECTION OF RESERVOIRS
IN THE REGION OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES
Belyaev, I. I., and M. P. Gracheva. 1974.
Gigiena i Sanitariya 5:13-16.
The paper describes the improvement in discharged waters
containing petroleum and petroleum products from various
chemical plants which had seriously polluted a stream.
Sources of pollution were found and eliminated.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(10).
Entry #54054m.
C-208-74
THE COAST GUARD MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROGRAM
Charter, D. B., Jr. 1973.
In: American Ordnance Association Proceedings of 3rd Meeting
on Environmental Pollution, May 17-18, 1972. Fort McNair,
Washington, D. C. p. 107-116.
A progressive program developed by the Coast Guard to help
combat marine pollution is described. Elements included are
minimization of polluting spills, prevention of discharges of
oil and research in the development of cleanup systems.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10773.
C-209-74
CLEAN GULF ASSOCIATES EXTEND COVERAGE AREA
Crittenden, R. 1974.
Petroleum Engineer 46:12.
Clean Gulf Associates, the group of oil and gas companies
operating in the Gulf of Mexico, increased its area of operation
by leasing 87 tracts in December, 1974, off Mississippi,
Alabama and Florida. The cleanup and containment skimmer units
purchased by CGA for deployment at strategic locations in the
new areas are described.
Containment
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
31
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C-210-74
OIL CONTAMINATED BEACH CLEANUP
Der, J. J., and E. Ghormley. 1974.
NTIS Report AD-778 329/3WP. 44 p.
A review of oil spill incidents and cleanup operations was
made in an effort to evaluate effective techniques for future
operations. The most efficient beach cleanup procedures and
equipment in terms of selected beach classifications are listed,
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(10).
Entry #12-74-08721.
C-211-74
INVESTIGATING WASTE OIL DISPOSAL BY COMBUSTION
DeBono, G. 1974.
NTIS Report AD-772911-4-WE. 18 p.
A four-year study (1968-1972) examining the feasibility of
disposing of waste oil by introducing it into No. 6 fuel oil
resulted in no operational difficulties from the mixture.
When No. 2 fuel oil is substituted for the heavier oil,
however, concern arose over the effectiveness of burning the
mixture.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974.
Entry #96085c.
C-212-74
CONTROL OF OIL POLLUTION IN COASTAL WATERS
Fussess, D. R., et al. 1974.
Presented at 9th World Energy Conference, Detroit, Michigan,
September 22-27, 1974. 22 p.
The various methods used to prevent oil discharges in coastal
waters are discussed, and the development of chemicals and
equipment to clean up spilt oil are discussed.
Oil recovery and handling techniques
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(10).
Entry #12-74-08722.
32
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C-213-74
ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION OF PETROCHEMICALS
Giusti, D. M., R. A. Conway, and C. T. Lawson. 1974.
Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation 46(5):947-965.
Tests were made evaluating the ability of various 4-Carbon
compounds to absorb 93 compounds encountered in petrochemical
wastes. Studies indicated a petroleum hydrocarbon-based
activated carbon processing low surface acidity to be most
effective.
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(9).
Entry #51984.
C-214-74
HYDRODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF OIL SLICK MECHANICAL CONTROL DEVICES
Hale, L. A. 1974.
NTIS Report AD-777 926/7WP. 94 p.
The influence of the following four types of oil slick control
mechanisms on oil slick behavior was studied: oil slick energy
dissipation, oil slick shields, rapid removal of oil by lifting
mechanisms and oil slick submersion devices. The ability of
each device to control oil slicks at fast water current
velocities was determined.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(10).
Entry #12-74-08718.
C-215-74
INLAND OIL SPILL CLEANUP
Hubbard, E. H. 1974.
Stichting Concawe, Netherlands, presented at 9th World Energy
Conference, Detroit, Michigan, September 22-27, 1974. p. 2.2-8.
The paper emphasizes the need for oil companies and authorities
to cooperate in the planning of oil spill cleanup operations
for inland spills. Contingency plans and oil cleanup equipment
are discussed.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(10).
Entry #09-74-08615.
33
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C-216-74
USE OF FIRE STREAMS TO CONTROL FLOATING OIL
Katz, B., and R. Cross. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(12):122.
The description and explanation of the technique of using
large volume, high velocity water streams to control floating
oil is presented, and its limitations are discussed.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04350.
C-217-74
THE EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL SUNLIGHT UPON FLOATING OILS
Klein, A. E., and N. Pipel. 1974.
Water Resources 8(1):79-83.
Samples of hexadecane from fractions of selected crude oils
were placed on water and irradiated with UV light; as a result,
the oils became photooxidized and changes in their properties
were observed. Discussed in the paper is the use of photo-
sensitizing agents to accelerate the oxidation of oils by
sunlight in the event of an oil spill.
Physical effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(8). Entry #2943.
C-218-74
THE SHADOW OF TORREY CANYON: A STATUS REPORT ON THE U.S.
COAST GUARD'S POLLUTION R & D
Koburger, C. W. 1974.
Naval Engineers Journal 86:28-32.
The Coast Guard's Marine Environmental Protection Program is
reviewed. Included in the program is the objective of
eliminating or minimizing oil spills at sea through the
development of detection systems, and cleanup, containment
and oil recovery techniques.
Monitoring
Containment
Oil recovery and handling techniques
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
34
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C-219-74
DISPOSAL OF WASTE OILS AT MILITARY AIR BASES
Lieberman, M., A. Beerbower, and R. H. Kroop. 1974.
Society of Automotive Engineers, Air Transportation Meeting,
Dallas, Texas, April 30-May 2, 1974. Paper 740 472. 7 p.
The disposal of waste oils and alternatives to existing
methods of oil disposal at U.S. Air Force and Navy facilities
are discussed. The feasibility of using waste oils as a
source of fuel, rerefining oils and recycling waste oils is
reported.
Oil recovery and handling techniques
Citation Source: International Aerospace Abstracts. 1974.
14(16). Entry #C-18-A74-35001.
C-220-74
OIL AND THE CANADIAN ENVIRONMENT
MacKay, D., and W. Harrison (eds.). 1973.
Toronto: University of Toronto, Institute of Environmental
Sciences and Engineering. 149 p.
The cleanup, containment, weathering and dissolution of oil
spills are discussed. Topics of contingency planning, super-
tanker ports, and spill effects on different marine, fresh-
water and inland environments are also included.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04613.
C-221-74
DISPOSAL OF WASTE OIL BY LAND SPREADING
Maunder, B. R., and J. S. Waid. 1973.
New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research,
Information Series 97:163-176.
Methods are described which are used in the disposal of waste
oil by incorporation into the soil. Factors that are studied
include effects of hydrocarbons on plants and soil structure
and composition.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(12).
Entry #65923v.
35
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C-222-74
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN OPERATIONS TO COMBAT OIL SPILLS
Otto, L. 1973.
Reports on Marine Science Affairs (9). 28 p.
Several countermeasures are discussed with respect to environ-
mental factors which influence their effectiveness in combating
oil spills.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #04646.
C-223-74
VERFAHREN UNO ANLA6EN ZUR AUFBEREITUNG OELBELASTETER ABWAESSER
Rathgeber, F. 1973.
Wasser, Luft und Betrieb (English summary) 17(3):69-75.
The paper describes refineries and metal working industries
as sources of oil-containing wastes. Different methods of
waste oil treatment are discussed.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04313.
C-224-74
DISPOSAL OF AIRCRAFT WASHRACK WASTE WATER
Reinert, B. D. 1973.
Air Force Weapons Laboratory Technical Report AFWL-TR-73-33.
36 p.
Methods to treat aircraft washrack waste were evaluated.
Centrifugation tests to remove oil from the mixture proved
unsuccessful; removal was negligible even at high forces
tested.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(18). Entry #W74-09376.
C-225-74
USING FIRE STREAMS WITH A SELF-PROPELLED OIL SPILL SKIMMER
Roberts, A. C. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):122.
36
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Field tests were performed by the New York City Fire Department
to develop a method of oil spill cleanup with minimum use of
booms. A fire boat was operated in conjunction with a self-
propelled oil skimming boat. Streams from the fireboat were
used to develop currents which would move and concentrate the
oil in the direction of the skimmer.
Containment
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04349.
C-226-74
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL: PRESENT STATUS, PROBLEMS AND
PERSPECTIVES
ZoBell,C. E. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 3-16.
A summary is provided on topics including presence and kinds of
hydrocarbon oxidizers, criteria and factors affecting oil
degradation, rates of degradation, problems of oil in food
chains, and artificial seeding of oil spills.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08611.
37
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3. RESTORATION
C-227-74
DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE SYSTEM FOR CLEANING OIL-CONTAMINATED
BEACHES
Dolan, F. X., and J. B. Bowersox. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(18):112.
Described is a method of restoring oil-contaminated beach
sands by washing the sands in a high energy jet contactor
washer and separating the cleaned sands in a solid-liquid
cyclone. The sand washing process was shown to remove
>99% of the contaminating oil from simulated beach sand.
Citation Source: Environmental Health- and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(8). Entry #2740.
38
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C. EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION
1. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
C-228-74
STEAM DISTILLATION: A SIMPLE TECHNIQUE FOR RECOVERY OF
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS FROM TAINTED FISH
Ackman, R. G., and D. Noble. 1973.
Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 30(5):711-714.
Steam distillation was found to be effective in recovering
hydrocarbons from contaminated whitefish. The composition
of the isolated hydrocarbons was qualitatively similar to a
diesel oil sample, which was believed to be the source of
pollution.
Oil recovery and handling techniques
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04617.
C-229-74
MICROBIAL-FACILITATED DEGRADATION OF OIL: A PROSPECTUS
Ahearn, D. G. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publications #LSU-SG-73-01
p. 1-2.
The paper states that oil pollution will most likely continue
to be a major problem in the future and expresses the need for
development of microbial systems to combat the toxicity of oil
pollutants by biodegradation processes.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08610.
C-230-74
THE MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS
Ahearn, D. G., and S. P. Meyers (eds.). 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication ILSU-SG-73-01
322 p.
39
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The proceedings of the workshop consist of 32 papers which
describe research conducted on microbial degradation of oil.
Other topics concerning oil related investigations discussed
at the workshop are included.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry IW74-08609.
C-231-74
BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE HEMOLYMPH OF THE BLACK SEA MUSSEL
MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS DURING PETROLEUM POLLUTION
Alyakrinskaya, I. 0. 1974
Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 53(2):179-183.
When exposed to petroleum in the medium, M. galloprovincialis
sealed its shell and began anaerobic respiration. The Ca
content and buffering capacity of the hemolymph increased
while the Ca level in the shell hypostracum decreased.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(19).
Entry #115430g.
C-232-74
A FEASIBILITY STUDY OF A RESEARCH PROGRAM ON THE SOURCE,
DEGRADATIVE REMOVAL AND SECONDARY CONSEQUENCES OF PETROLEUM
PRODUCTS IN WATER
Andersen, K. K., et al. 1973.
NTIS Report PB-227 240/9WP. 6 p.
Included in the studies to detect hydrocarbons in lake water
and water artificially contaminated with gasoline, was the
attempt to detect differences in hydrocarbon content in fish
grown in water containing hydrocarbons and in water without
hydrocarbon contaminants, using a gas chromatographic system.
No differences in extracts from control and experimental fish
were observed.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8)
Entry #02-74-06220.
40
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C-233-74
CHARACTERISTICS OF DISPERSIONS AND WATER-SOLUBLE EXTRACTS OF
CRUDE AND REFINED OILS AND THEIR TOXICITY TO ESTUARINE
CRUSTACEANS AND FISH
Anderson, J. W., 0. M. Neff, B. A. Cox, H. E. Tatem, and G. M.
Hightower. 1974.
Marine Biology 27(1):75-88.
In an effort to evaluate potential impacts of oil spills on the
marine and estuarine environments, the hydrocarbon composition
and behavior in seawater of water soluble fractions (WSF) and
oil-in-water dispersions (OWD) of two crude and two refined oils
were investigated. It was found that the WSF's and OWD's of the
refined oils were considerably more toxic to six species tested
than those of the crude oils.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-234-74
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE INTERACTIONS OF MARINE PROTOZOA AND
CRUDE OIL RESIDUES
Andrews, A. R., and G. D. Floodgate.
Marine Biology (Berl.) 25(1):7-12.
1974.
Marine protozoa were observed to utilize Kuwait crude oil
residues under both laboratory and field conditions. Organisms
were found to ingest oil substances only while feeding on normal
food resources.
Cleanup
Citation Source:
Biological Abstracts.
Entry #31807.
1974. 58(6).
C-235-74
EFFECTS OF POLLUTANTS ON MARINE LIFE PROBED
Anonymous. 1973.
Chemical and Engineering News 51(51):17-23.
Studies are being conducted to determine the long-term effects
on natural marine ecosystems of low levels of three chemical
pollutants; included are petroleum hydrocarbons. Experiments
will consist of suspending large plastic cylinders in natural
ocean environments that will contain fixed populations of marine
organisms. The organisms can then be exposed experimentally to
various pollutants,but in a natural environment.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
41
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C-236-74
GULF OF ALASKA UNDERGOING ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY
Anonymous. 1974.
Clean Air and Water News 6(40):577.
An environmental study is being conducted on the Continental
Shelf in the Gulf of Alaska, investigating the possible
ecological problems which might arise as a result of oil
development. The report by the Council on Environmental
Quality in April, 1974, indicated that oil development in the
Northeastern Gulf of Alaska presented potential environmental
risks to the existing marine ecosystem.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-237-74
OIL-EATING ORGANISMS
Anonymous. 1974.
Mechanical Engineering 96(1):47.
Union Carbide Corporation has developed a method by which
natural organisms in the soil completely consume oil and
coolant waters. Experiments are being conducted in which
wastes are added to six tilled plots; oil is dissipated as
carbon dioxide and the chemical contaminants are trapped
in the soil particles.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-238-74
ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN THE SEA
Anonymous. 1974.
Science 250(5468):622.
The nature, origin and fate of commonly occurring pollutants
including crude oils were reviewed at a meeting of the Royal
Society, July 4-5, 1974. Discussed were the studies conducted
on the breakdown of fossil fuel hydrocarbons by marine crusta-
ceans, and studies related to oil spill effects on the
environment.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
42
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C-239-74
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF THE LOBSTER
HOMARUS AMERICANUS
Atema, J., and L. S. Stein. 1974.
Environmental Pollution 6(2):77-86.
The paper describes methods to determine the sublethal effects
of crude oil on lobster behavior under controlled conditions.
The feeding behavior of the lobster H_. americanus is used as
a standard with which to measure oil effects.
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974.
12(8). Entry #056237.
C-240-74
FATE AND EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTANTS IN EXTREMELY COLD MARINE
ENVIRONMENTS
Atlas, R. M. 1974.
Government Reports Announcements 74(2):141.
Interactions of microorganisms and Prudhoe crude oil in Alaskan
coastal waters were evaluated in an effort to predict what
effects accidental oil spills would have on the biological
populations of the area. Studies were conducted at Prudhoe,
Valdez, Umiat and Cape Simpson, Alaska.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05530.
C-241-74
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF TWO SPECIES OF OIL-DEGRADING MARINE BACTERIA
Atlas, R. M., and C. E. Heintz. 1973.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology 19:43-45.
Two marine bacteria grown on and in the absence of crude oil
were studied. Differences in the ultrastructure of each were
evident and in the form of lipoidal inclusion bodies.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
43
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C-242-74
THE DONA MARIKA OIL SPILL
Blackman, R. A. A., J. M. Baker, J. Jelly, and S. Reynard, 1973.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 4(12):181-182.
Information is presented on the damage caused by 3,000 tons of
gasoline which was spilled when the tanker "Dona Marika" ran
aground near Wales. The fauna of Lindsway was adversely affected
although there appeared to be no accumulation of lead in the
waters or gasoline on the rocks 1 week after the spill.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04540.
C-243-74
SOME ACUTE EFFECTS OF LOW-BOILING PETROLEUM FRACTIONS ON THE
CELLULAR STRUCTURE OF FISH GILLS UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS
Blanton, W. G., and M. C. Robinson. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication RSU-SG-73-01.
p. 265-272.
Studies on the gill structure of fish collected from an oil
slick-affected area have demonstrated resulting cell loss in
the gills, leading to serious physiological damage. Further
investigation is needed to examine the impact of oil fractions
on pelagic fish under controlled laboratory conditions.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry IW74-08637.
C-244-74
DETERMINATION OF N-ALKANE AND METHYLNAPTHALENE COMPOUNDS IN
SHELLFISH
Blaylock, J. W., P. W. O'Keefe, J. N. Roehm, and R. E. Wildung.
1973.
Proceedings, Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of Oil
Spills, p. 173-177.
A method is described for the determination of the alkane and
methylnapthalene substances in shellfish tissue. The procedure
allows for >70% recovery of the toxic substances added to tissue.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(5).
Entry #21843q.
44
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C-245-74
INTERACTION BETWEEN MARINE ORGANISMS AND OIL POLLUTION
Blumer, M., J. M. Hunt, J. Atema, and L. Stein. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(20):78-79.
Low levels of crude oil were found to interfere with the feeding
behavior of the lobster, Homarus ameri canus. A result of the
addition of oil was the reduction in the lipid, alkane and
alkane-aromatic content of aquaria.
Chemical effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04372.
C-246-74
THE BIOLOGY OF PATELLA-COCHLEAR WITH REFERENCE TO OIL POLLUTION
Branch, G. M. 1973.
Abstracts of the papers of the South African National Oceano-
graphic Symposium, Cape Town, South Africa. August 6-10, 1973.
p. 18.
No summary provided.
Citation Source: Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental
Pollutants. 1974. 3(10). Entry #9981.
C-247-74
OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL POLLUTION ON THE SANDY-
BEACH SNAIL, BULLIA (GASTROPODA: PROSOBRANCHIATA)
Brown, A. C., P. de B. Baissac, and B. Leon. 1974.
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 41(l):19-24.
Observations were made of crude oil effects on Bullia in the
field (following an oil spill) and under laboratory conditions.
Very low concentrations of oil can be tolerated by the animal
if there is direct contact with the oil. Much higher concentra-
tions are tolerable by Bu11i a if there is no direct contact,
Citation Source: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts. 1974.
4(8). Entry #4Q8471M.
45
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C-248-74
BIRD MORTALITY FROM OIL SLICKS OFF EASTERN CANADA, FEBRUARY-
APRIL, 1970
Brown, R. G. B., D. I. Gillespie, A. R. Lock, P. A. Pearce,
and G. H. Watson. 1973.
Canadian Field-Naturalist 87(3):225-234.
Oil slicks resulting from the "Arrow" and "Irving Whale" spills
in February, 1970, resulted in the known deaths of 1500 ducks
and seabirds, and approximately 12,000 birds. The species
principally affected are described.
Citation Source: Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental
Pollutants. 1974. 3(8). Entry #7155.
C-249-74
THE DARKENING SEA
Cloud, W. 1973.
Sciences (New York) 13(9):6-12.
The author discusses the oil spill problem and presents a case
history to demonstrate the destructive effects of oil spills
to the marine environment. Potential effects of an arctic oil
spill are predicted and present oil cleanup methods are
evaluated.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(10). Entry #3546.
C-250-74
CONSIDERATIONS IN APPLICATION OF MICROORGANISMS TO THE ENVIRON-
MENT FOR DEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Cobet, A. B., H. E. Guard, and M. A. Chatigny. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 81-87.
Considerations are described concerning possible deleterious
effects of utilizing microbial preparations for oil pollutant
degradation. The toxicity of resulting metabolic products,
emulsified oil and soluble fractions from biodegradation is
discussed.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08618.
46
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C-251-74
DEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL BY YEASTS AND ITS EFFECTS ON
LESBISTES RETICULATUS
Cook, W. L., J. K. Massey, and D. J. Ahearn. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 279-282.
The effects of two hydrocarbon-utilizing yeasts in combination
with crude oils on the mortality of the guppy L_. reticulatus
were studied. Laboratory results suggest that yeast by-products
produced during high asphalt crude oil biodegradation may be
harmful to fish.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08639.
C-252-74
HYDROCARBON UTILIZATION BY CLADOSPORIUM RESINAE
Cooney, J. J.s and J. D. Walker. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication ILSU-SG-73-01.
p. 25-32.
The ability of £. resinae to accumulate, assimilate and oxidize
hydrocarbons has led to the study of the role of the fungus as
a potential seeding organism for oil slicks and oil containing
sediments.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08613.
C-253-74
OIL COMPANIES EYE GULF OF ALASKA
Corrigan, R. 1974.
Marine Technology Society Journal 8(7):3-8.
Based on industry and government reports, offshore Alaska may
be the next major drilling site for the oil industry, although
a government environmental impact report stated that the Gulf
is vulnerable to environmental damage from outer continental
shelf drilling. Ecologically, the area is a habitat for rare
and endangered species and baseline information is scarce with
which to judge effects of oil pollution on marine life.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
47
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C-254-74
A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF OIL BP-1100 AND OLEOPHILIC FLUFF
UPON THE PORCELAIN CRAB PORCELLANA PLATYCHELES
Davenport, J. 1973.
Chemosphere 2(1):3-6.
Oleophilic hydrophobia 'fluff (a fabric and rubber mixture)
may be used to treat future marine oil spills. A test was
performed comparing the effects of fluff-treated oil and oil
treated with B.P. 1100 (detergent) on the crab, P_. platycheles,
to determine fluff's detrimental effects on a marine organism.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental
Pollutants. 1974. 3(9). Entry #8824.
C-255-74
KEY ISSUES IN OFFSHORE OIL
Devanney, J. W., III. 1974.
Second Annual Sea Grant Lecture and Symposium. 14 p.
The Georges Bank analyses presented determine the environmental
damage caused by oil spillage. Areas included are the biological
effects of oil, and fish and larval kill possible from a spill.
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(17). Entry #N74-27828.
C-256-74
HYDROCARBONS OF SUSPECTED POLLUTANT ORIGIN IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS
OF SAN FRANCISCO BAY: METHODS AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS
DiSalvo, L. H., H. E. Guard, L. Hunter, and A. B. Cobet. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 205-220.
Chromatographic methods have been used to analyze the hydro-
carbon content of selected Bay animals in an effort to investigate
the effects and fate of petroleum components in marine waters,
Bay animals were shown to have a substantially higher hydro-
carbon content than closely related clean water organisms
collected from relatively unpolluted California waters.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08630.
48
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C-257-74
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PETROLEUM
CONTAMINATION IN MARINE ORGANISMS
Farrington, J. W. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(21):94.
Hydrocarbon composition in petroleum and hydrocarbons isolated
from marine organisms were studied in an effort to select
optimum analytical techniques for the detection of petroleum
contamination in marine organisms.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04378.
C-258-74
MICROBES AND PETROLEUM: PERSPECTIVES AND IMPLICATIONS
Finnerty, W. R., R. S. Kennedy, P. Lockwood, B. 0. Spurlock,
and R. A. Young. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 105-125.
A study was conducted on the ultrastructure of Acinetobacter sp.
grown on olefinic and paraffinic hydrocarbons. The serious
problem of microbial biodegradation of microbe-resistant
resinous tars is discussed.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08621.
C-259-74
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Gibson, D. T., and W. K. Yeh. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 33-38.
Products of microbial degradation of hydrocarbons were studied
by growing oil-utilizing bacteria on various hydrocarbons and
accumulating bacterial products of oxidation. Differences in
oxidation mechanisms of mammals and bacteria in the breakdown of
hydrocarbons are outlined.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08614.
49
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C-260-74
OPPORTUNISTIC LIFE HISTORIES AND GENETIC SYSTEMS IN MARINE
BENTHIC POLYCHAETES
Grassle, J. F., and J. P. Grassle. 1974.
Journal of Marine Research 32(2):253-284.
The paper describes a study which monitored the response
of a number of polychaete species and other marine inverte-
brate organisms to an oil spill disturbance in West Falmouth,
Massachusetts.
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974.
12(10). Entry #067025.
C-261-74
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EMULSIFYING FACTORS FROM
HYDROCARBONOCLASTIC YEAST AND BACTERIA
Guire, P. E., J. D. Friede, and R. K. Gholson. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-Ql.
p. 229-231.
The production and characteristics of emulsifying factors have
been examined from a yeast and a bacterium to determine the
potential value of these nontoxic biodegradable products for
accelerating the growth and metabolism of microorganisms on
oil pollutants.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74~08632.
C-262-74
DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF OIL-OXIDIZING BACTERIA IN THE
NORTH SEA
Gunkel, W. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01
p. 127-139.
Investigations were made concerning the distribution of oil
oxidizing bacteria in regions of the North Sea. Data from
samples collected indicated the presence of several species
of bacteria in the beaches, water and sediments which were
able to degrade different types of hydrocarbons.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08622.
50
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C-263-74
THE DEGRADATION OF MINERAL OIL HYDROCARBONS IN THE RHINE
Hellman, H. 1973.
Tenside Detergents 10(6):285-289.
Determinations were carried out over many years measuring the
biodegradation of hydrocarbons in the Rhine, using infrared
spectroscopy and gas chromatography. Over a long term,
degradation changes were observed.
Analysis
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(9). Entry #3106.
C-264-74
BIOLOGICAL DEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN WATER
Houston, C. W. 1974.
NTIS Report BP-223 438. 31 p.
Studies were conducted on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginoss
on n-heptane. High growth rates were observed for the organisms
on the hydrocarbon substrate and were attributed to the produc-
tion of a surface tension depressant by P_. aeruginoss. which
caused the hydrocarbons to increase in solubility.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(18). Entry #W74-09254.
C-265-74
THE EFFECTS OF INCREASED PRODUCTION ON THE OCEANS
Husson, F. D., Jr. 1973.
In: Our Environment: The Outlook for 1980, Part I. Lexington
Books, Lexington, Massachusetts,
Petroleum is one of the three dangerous pollutants examined
in the volume on ocean pollution. The possible sources and
major effects of oil in the marine environment are discussed.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-09963.
51
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C-266-74
SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CRUDE OIL WITH RESPECT TO SIZE, SEASON AND
GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION IN MYTILUS CALIFQRNICUS (BIVALVA)
Kanter, R. 1974.
Southern California Sea Grant Program 4(74). 50 p.
After conducting several studies on the effects of Santa
Barbara crude oil on M_. californicus from various coastal
areas of California, it was found that M_. californicus
yielded faster and in larger numbers in higher concentrations
of crude oil than in the lower concentrations. No seasonal
mortality pattern or correlation between periods of highest
mortality and spawning appeared to exist.
Citation Source: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts.
1974. 4(7). Entry MQ7384M.
C-267-74
THE ATHABASCA TAR SANDS
Kariel, P. 1974.
Sierra Club Bulletin, San Francisco 59(8):8-10.
The article describes plans of the petroleum industry to
develop the Canadian tar sands so as to extract crude oil
using separation-refinement methods. Foreseen damages
include overloading of surface streams and lakes with water
and silt, which will in turn damage fish-spawning areas; land
clearance, which will alter surface drainage patterns, and
contamination of sub-surface water.
Physical effects of oil prospecting and production
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-268-74
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF OIL ON SOME REPRESENTATIVES
OF BENTHOS IN THE CASPIAN SEA
Kasymov, A. G., and A. D. Aliev. 1973.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 2(2):235-245.
Experimental studies were conducted in 1970-71 at Artem Island,
on the effect of crude oil on benthic fauna of the Caspian Sea.
Species investigated are listed according to their sensitivity
to oil contamination, and observations of the effects of oil
exposure on the organisms are given.
Citation Source: Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental
Pollutants. 1974. 3(10). Entry #9630.
52
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C-269-74
UTILIZATION OF CRUDE OIL HYDROCARBONS BY MIXED CULTURES OF
MARINE BACTERIA
Kator, H. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 47-75.
Hydrocarbons in crude oil were degraded by marine bacterial
cultures grown in an enriched seawater environment. Degradation
patterns were similar for the major crude oils; however,
paraffin metabolism differed in oils containing different
amounts of normal and branched paraffin molecules.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08616.
C-270-74
INVESTIGATIONS ON THE TOXICITY OF SEAWATER-EXTRACTS OF THREE
CRUDE OILS ON EGGS OF COD (GADUS MORHUA)
Kuenhold, W. W. 1974.
Berichte der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Kommission fuer
Meeresforschung 23(2):165-180.
Research was conducted on the effects of water-soluble
fractions of three crude oils upon embryogenesis. The largest
number of embryonic abnormalities occurred after gastrulation.
The rate of non-viable larvae was high after exposing the eggs
to crude oils.
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(9).
Entry #48105.
C-271-74
THE RELATIVE CHANGES IN N-ALKANE COMPOSITION IN SURFACE WATER
SLICKS
LaRock, P. A., and T. E. Ahlfeld. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 233-236.
Reported are results of changes of n-alkane composition in
Barataria Bay surface slicks. The observed changes in hydro-
carbon density are concluded to be due to bacterial degradation.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08633.
53
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C-272-74
OIL IN SCOTTISH WATERS
Leonard, J. M. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(21):159.
The paper discusses the ecological implications of petroleum
discoveries in northern seas off Scotland's coast.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04379.
C-273-74
EFFECTS OF AN OIL SPILL IN THE NORTHERN BALTIC
Leppakoski, E. 1973.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 4(6):93-94.
Findings from the study of the hazardous effects caused by
the 1969 oil spill from the tanker "Palva" are reported. The
eider duck population suffered the most fatalities, but
long-term effects appear small.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04636.
C-274-74
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL AND THE VARIOUS HYDROCARBON
DERIVATIVES
Liu, D. L. S. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 95-104.
A bacterial culture grown in crude oil was studied to determine
the utilization of various petroleum products. Crude oil
cultures were found to rapidly break down n-alkanes, hydro-
carbon alcohols, methyl ester of fatty acids and alky!benzenes.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08620.
54
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C-275-74
LITTORAL FISH POPULATIONS AFTER AN OIL TANKER DISASTER IN THE
FINNISH SW ARCHIPELAGO
Mankki, J., and J. Vauras. 1974.
Annales Zoologici Fennici 11(2):120-126.
The object of the study was to determine what long-term effects
an oil spill in the Baltic Sea, and emulsifiers used to disperse
it, had on littoral fish populations. No statistically
significant differences were found between fish of three oil-
affected areas and a control region.
Citation Source: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts.
1974. 4(8). Entry #4Q8467M.
C-276-74
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MICROBIAL POPULATIONS AND ORGANIC MATTER
DISCHARGES
Mechalas, B. J. 1973.
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin
57(4):794.
A complex organic mixture, such as crude petroleum, requires
a heterogeneous mixture of microorganisms and suitable condi-
tions to bring about complete degradation. Oil degradation
proceeds in a predictable sequence, from light-molecular weight
compounds to the heavier weight substances, and is related to
natural weathering processes in marine waters.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental
Pollutants. 1974. 3(9). Entry #8872.
C-277-74
MICROBIAL DECOMPOSITION PATTERNS USING CRUDE OIL
Mechalas, B. J., T. S. Meyers, and R. L. Kolpack. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01
p. 67-79.
A series of experiments were conducted to determine the
sequence of microbial degradation in Santa Barbara crude oil.
The n-paraffin and isoprenoid components are first to be
55
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degraded, order of breakdown being dependent upon molecular
weight.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08617.
C-278-74
THE IMPACT OF OIL ON MARSHLAND MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS
Meyers, S. P., D. G. Ahearn, S. Crown, and N. Berner. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01
p. 221-228.
Investigations are being conducted to study the effects of
oil-intrusion and depositions of petroleum effluents on the
microbial community and food web of the marshland ecosystem.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08631.
C-279-74
BACTERIAL SEEDING TO ENHANCE BIODEGRADATION OF OIL SLICKS
Mi get, R. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 291-301.
In studying the possibility of adding cultures of hydrocarbono-
clastic bacteria to an oil slick to increase biodegradation of
oil pollutants, the type and quantity of crude oil used were the
most significant factors in seeding effectiveness. Twenty-four
hour oil losses in field and tank experiments were twice as
large in the microbial seeded tanks relative to unseeded
controls.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08641.
C-280-74
GROWTH AND TOXICITY TESTS ON THE MARINE NANOPLANKTONIC ALGA
PTALYMONA TETRATHELE IN THE PRESENCE OF CRUDE OILS AND EMULSIFIERS
Mommaerts, B., and F. Mommaerts. 1973.
Environmental Pollution 4(4):261-282.
56
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Studies on the effects of crude oil and industrial emulsifiers
on growth rates of £_. tetrathele suggest that crude oil and
emulsifier pollution in the sea may temporarily eliminate
species from the ecosystem and interrupt the food chain.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(11).
Entry #58864y.
C-281-74
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL AND SOME OF ITS COMPONENTS ON YOUNG COHO
AND SOCKEYE SALMON
Morrow, J. E. 1974.
Environmental Protection Agency, Ecological Research Series
Report EPA-660/3-73-018.
After exposing young coho and sockeye salmon to different
concentrations of crude oil, significant mortalities were
observed at oil concentrations of 500 ppm or greater.
Alteration of cell membrane permeability due to oil toxicity
has been suggested.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(15). Entry #W74-07613.
C-282-74
DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROCARBON-UTILIZING BACTERIA IN NORTHWESTERN
ATLANTIC WATERS AND COASTAL SEDIMENTS
Mulkins-Phillips, G. J., and J. E. Stewart. 1974.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology 20(7):955-962.
Studies were conducted on the location, varieties, numbers and
capacity of hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms in the North-
western Atlantic. Such information indicates the microbial
potential for oil removal or conversion in the Atlantic environ-
ments examined.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(9).
Entry #49208.
C-283-74
CLEANING OF OIL COVERED BIRDS
Naviaux, J. L., and A. Pittrian. 1973.
Biological Conservation 5(4):292-294.
57
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Described is a technique using Shell Sol 70 solvent to clean
oil-covered birds. The solvent effectively cleaned con-
taminating oils and was completely removed by evaporation.
The cleaning, rinsing and drying processes are given.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(10). Entry #3539.
C-284-74
BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN SEAWATER FOR NAVAL POLLUTION CONTROL
O'Neil, T. B. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):103.
Studies on the ability of pure and mixed cultures of hydro-
carbonoclastic microorganisms to degrade marine diesel, Bunker
C fuel and crude oil, indicated that mixed cultures were much
more active than pure cultures. The addition of organic
enrichment, inorganic salts and aeration aided in the oil
degradation process.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04340.
C-285-74
OIL DISPERSANT TOXICITY
Perkins, E. 0., E. Gribbon, and J. W. M. Logan. 1973.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 4(6):90-93.
Toxicity tests of BP1100X and Shell Dispersant LT conducted
on a variety of shore animals revealed that the most recently
developed dispersants have low toxicity, as compared to early
generation emulsifiers.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04635.
C-286-74
STUDIES ON THE DEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM BY FILAMENTOUS FUNGI
Perry, J. J., and C. E. Cerniglia. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01
p. 89-94.
58
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Studies on the degradation of petroleum by microorganisms
indicated that fungi were more efficient in hydrocarbon
degradation than bacteria tested. It is suggested that the
fungi have greater potential in cleansing the environment
from oil spills.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08619.
C-287-74
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL AND HYDROCARBONS IN CONTINUOUS
CULTURES
Pritchard, P. H., and T. J. Starr. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 39-45.
Continuous culture techniques have been developed in which
bacterial populations have significantly degraded petroleum
hydrocarbons. The bacteria were able to degrade oil components
in a water-hydrocarbon system without emulsifying or physically
dispersing the oil products through the system.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08615.
C-288-74
THE DEGRADATION OF OIL IN CONTINUOUS CULTURE
Pritchard, P. H., and T. J. Starr. 1974.
NTIS Report CSCL 06/13. 82 p.
Biodegradation of hydrocarbons has been studied in a continuous
culture system and changes in the substrates and in the bacteria
attacking them are characterized. An artificial oil has been
developed to aid in the study of oil biodegradation,and it is
shown through the development of a fish embryo bioassay that
water extracts from oil and toluene interfere with embryological
development.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports.
1974. 12(20). Entry #N74-30485.
59
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C-289-74
TEMPERATURE-TOXICITY MODEL FOR OIL REFINERY WASTE
Reynolds, J. H., E. J. Middlebrooks, and D. B. Procella. 1974.
ASCE Journal Environment. Engineering Division 100(EE3):
557-576.
A kinetic model is used to predict the effects of temperature
on the toxicity of oil refinery waste to the algae Selenastrum
capricornutum.
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974. 12(8).
Entry #050480.
C-290-74
HYDROCARBON BIODEGRADATION IN ALASKAN WATERS
Robertson, B., S. Arhelger, P. J. Kinney, and D. K. Button. 1973,
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 171-184.
The report includes observations on the identification and
distribution of hydrocarbon-utilizing organisms, rates of hydro-
carbon oxidation and slick inoculation frequency estimates.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08627.
C-291-74
THE WEST FALMOUTH SAGA: HOW AN OIL SPILL EXPERT TWISTED THE
FACTS ABOUT A LANDMARK SPILL STUDY
Sanders, H. L. 1974.
New Engineer 3(5):32-39.
Dr. Sanders, a researcher from the Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution presents a rebuttal to D. J. G. Mackin's (Texas
A & M University) report which condemned observations, made
by researchers such as Woods Hole scientists, that oil
spillage caused long-term environmental damage. Sanders uses
the results of a study on the catastrophic spillage of 4000 bbls.
of No. 2 heating oil in West Falmouth Harbor, Massachusetts, to
support his claims.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(9).
Entry #12-74-07637.
60
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C-292-74
POLYCONDENSED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS (PCA) AND CARCINOGENS IN THE
SHALE ASH OF CARBONACEOUS SPENT SHALE FROM RETORTING OF OIL
SHALE OF THE GREEN RIVER FORMATION
Schmidt-Collerus, 0. J., F. Bonomo, and C. H. Prien. 1974.
American Chemical Society, Division of Fuel Chemistry
Preprints 19(2) :115-122.
Included in the review of oil shale deposits and technology is
the assessment of the potential environmental impact of this
substance on the ecosystem. Potential utilization problems
are discussed.
Biological effects of oil prospecting and production
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974.
12(8). Entry #050249.
C-293-74
MARINE HYDROCARBONOCLASTIC BACTERIA: TYPES AND RANGE OF OIL
DEGRADATION
Soli, G. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 141-146.
Studies were conducted which characterized marine bacterial
isolates based upon their ability to decompose hydrocarbons in
a synthetic mixture. The extent to which each bacterium was
specialized or adapted to hydrocarbon oxidation was indirectly
determined.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08623.
C-294-74
ASSIMILATION OF HYDROCARBONS BY BACTERIAL CULTURES OF MYCOCOCCUS
SPECIES AND PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES
Spitsyna, D. N.} E. G. Davidova, N. B. Gradova, and S. A.
Konovalov. 1974.
Prikladnaya Biokhimiya Microbiologiya 10(2):187-195.
The effective utilization of octadecane-1-C by the two
bacterial cultures is 75-78% while utilization by yeast is
61
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lower, 66%. The coefficient of excretion is similar in all
cultures (ratio of amount of labeled C in water soluble
products and in ^rn to the initial activity of the system )
Cleanup
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(17).
Entry #101652s.
C-295-74
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF THE WATER SOLUBLE COMPONENT OF OIL:
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Takahashi, F. T., and J. S. Kittredge. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 259-264.
The water soluble components of crude oil and petroleum have
been found to seriously inhibit chemoreception in marine
organisms. After an oil spill, these components can detri-
mentally affect the survival and reproduction of marine animals,
Chemical effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08636.
C-296-74
THE COASTAL ZONE: PROBLEMS WITH MAN'S USES
Todd, C. F., Jr. 1973.
Rand Corporation. Rand Paper Series P-5081. 15 p.
The importance of estuarine waters and man's impact on them
are discussed. Marine life has been damaged due to man's
activities including waste disposal, dredging and oil production.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04525.
C-297-74
BACTERIAL DEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM MATERIALS IN LOW TEMPERATURE
MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
Traxler, R. W. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 163-170.
62
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Water and sediment samples were collected from Chedabucto and
Narragansett bays, Rhode Island, and it was found that larger
numbers of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria and a larger variety
of genera were obtained from the sediment samples. Temperatures
from which samples were obtained ranged from 16-17°C at
Chedabucto Bay, to 2.5-5°C at Narragansett Bay.
Analysis
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08626.
C-298-74
PETROLEUM DEGRADATION IN LOW TEMPERATURE MARINE AND ESTUARINE
ENVIRONMENTS
Traxler, R. W. 1974.
Government Reports Announcements, Report 98-01-4062-1. 63 p.
Hydrocarbon-utilization studies have shown that bacterial
cultures isolated from bays in Rhode Island and Nova Scotia
utilize specific structural hydrocarbons. Temperature studies
on the isolates have demonstrated that hydrocarbon metabolism
can occur at temperatures as low as 0°C.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(14). Entry #AD-778 687/4GA.
C-299-74
INHIBITION OF BACTERIAL CHEMORECEPTION BY HYDROCARBONS
Walsh, F., and R. Mitchel. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01
p. 275-278.
The study describes the effect of several hydrocarbons on
bacterial chemotaxis. The effects of environmental levels of
hydrocarbons include alteration of predator-prey interactions
and rates of organic substrate biodegradation.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry IW74-08638.
63
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C-300-74
EXPERIMENTAL CRUDE OIL SPILLS ON ARCTIC COMMUNITIES
Wein, R. W., and L. C. Bliss. 1973.
Journal of Applied Ecology 10(3):671-682.
A study was conducted in which five Arctic plant community
types were treated with light gravity, sweet crude oil three
times during the year. Results revealed total plant
recovery ranging from 20-55% on the treated plots.
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(8).
Entry #45510.
C-301-74
LETHAL RESPONSE BY ATLANTIC SALMON PARR TO SOME POLYOXYETHYLATED
CATION1C AND NONIONIC SURFACTANTS
Wildish, D. J. 1974.
Water Resources 8(7):433-437.
The study determining the lethal response of Salmo salar to
some polyoxyethylated surfactants is a useful source in assessing
the side effects of oil dispersants in aquatic ecosystems.
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(10).
Entry #58060.
C-302-74
BACTERIAL DEGRADATION AND EMULSIFICATION OF NO. 6 FUEL OIL
Zagic, J. E., B. Supplisson, and B. Volesky. 1974.
Environmental Science and Technology 8(7):664-668.
Bacterial cultures isolated from sewage were effective in
removing the paraffinic compounds in Grade 6 fuel oil, and
also produce an active emulsifying agent for the fuel oil.
Major emulsifying activities involved in a massive oil spill
are attributed to bacterial emulsification.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(7).
Entry #37464.
64
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C-303-74
BACTERIAL DEGRADATION OF MINERAL OILS AT LOW TEMPERATURES
ZoBell, C. E. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01
p. 153-161.
After growing oil-oxidizing bacteria in thirteen samples of
oil contaminated North Alaskan water, soil and tundra muck,
it was noted that mineral oil was being decomposed at 8 and
40°C. Data on oxygen uptake by the bacteria were also
calculated.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08625.
65
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2. PHYSICAL EFFECTS
C-304-74
THE FATE OF OIL SPILT AT SEA
Anonymous. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(16):98.
A study was conducted on the effects of natural forces (wind,
waves, currents) on oil movement, spreading and destruction at
sea and in the intertidal zone. Physical, photochemical and
biological factors causing degradation were considered.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04334.
C-305-74
SPILL RESEARCH IS UNDERWAY IN ARCTIC
Anonymous. 1974.
Offshore 34(10):102.
Underwater research studying the effects of oil spills on
Arctic ice is being conducted. Areas to be investigated are
infiltration of ice by oil, effect of oil on ice cover
stability and oil effects on the marine fauna and flora of
the region.
Biological effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-306-74
ENERGY BUDGET CHANGES FOLLOWING SURFACE DISTURBANCE TO UPLAND
TUNDRA
Haag, R. W., and L. C. Bliss. 1974.
Journal of Applied Ecology ll(l):355-374.
The effect of oil spills was one of the areas investigated in
a study on surface disturbance effects on the radiant energy
budget of upland- low shrub-heath tundra.
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(10).
Entry #53768.
66
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3. CHEMICAL EFFECTS
C-307-74
EXPERIMENTAL DATA ON THE EFFECT OF OIL ON SOME CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES OF SEAWATER
Mazmanidi, N. D., and G. I.
Oceanology 12(5):684-689.
Kovaleva. 1973.
The effects of various oil concentrations on the hydrochemical
characteristics of seawater were studied. Temperature changes,
products of oil dissolution, varied oxygen concentrations and
oil effects on water microflora were areas included in the
study.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04237.
67
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4. GENERAL EFFECTS
C-308-74
ECOLOGICAL FANTASIES. DEATH FROM FALLING WATERMELONS
Adler, CY. A. 1973.
Green Eagle Press: New York, New York. 350 p.
Oil spills, the Alaskan pipeline, detergents and phosphate
pollution, and electrical energy are some of the topics
discussed in the book viewing environmental problems. A
section is included which examines global considerations of
the world environment, the energy crisis, population growth
and pollution, and their solutions.
Citation Source: Abstracts on Health Effects of Environmental
Pollutants. 1974. 3(10). Entry #9401.
C-309-74
OIL SPILLS IN NORTHERN MINNESOTA
Anonymous. 1974.
Water Newsletter 16(18):2.
Over two million gallons of crude oil have been spilled in
Minnesota due to twenty recent pipeline breaks. The spills
have endangered the quality of water in two lakes and much
farmland.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-310-74
PROBLEMS OF POLLUTION OF COASTAL WATERS AND BEACHES BY OIL
Carow, U. 1973.
Kueste 24:93.
Small sea areas in the North and Baltic seas are threatened
by the danger of oil pollution due to shipping routes through
these waters. Measures should be taken to limit the dangers
of oil pollution affecting the waters, coastal areas, and
beaches.
Citation Source: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts.
1974. 4(7). Entry #4Q7330M.
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C-311-74
PETROLEUM WEATHERING: SOME PATHWAYS, FATE AND DISPOSITION ON
MARINE WATERS
Feldman, M. H. 1973.
NTIS Report PB-227278/9WP. 29 p.
The following mechanisms of the weathering of oil pollution
in the oceans are discussed with respect to their ecological
importance: photolysis, interactions with trace materials,
and sedimentation with particulate materials.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06769.
C-312-74
RECENT INVESTIGATIONS INTO OCCURRENCE, QUANTITY, ORIGIN AND
BEHAVIOR OF MINERAL OILS IN THE RHINE RIVER
Hellman, H. 1973.
Deutsche Gewaesserkundliche Mitteilungen 17(special issue):
63-64.
The seriousness of the problem of hydrocarbon pollution is
discussed. Rates of hydrocarbon degradation are not equal
to rates of discharge of mineral oil products into the river.
Citation Source: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts.
1974. 4(7). Entry #4Q 73 44F.
C-313-74
A REALISTIC LOOK AT OCEAN POLLUTION
Ketchum, B. H. 1973.
Marine Technology Society Journal 7(7):8-15.
Oil pollution is one of the major contaminants described in
the report. The extent of oil pollution in the oceans and
solutions to existing problems arising from oil contamination
are presented.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(8). Entry #2739.
69
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C-314-74
POLLUTION BY HYDROCARBONS IN THE ADRIATIC SEA. NOTE III -
RESULTS OF AN INVESTIGATION IN THE GULFS OF TRIESTE AND
VENICE DURING 1971-1972
Majori, L., and F. Petronio. 1973.
Igiene Moderna 66(2):193-222.
The study includes estimations and characteristics of seawater
pollution in the high Adriatic Sea. The extent of pollution
is described along with oil pollution sources and environmental
conditions.
Citation Source: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts.
1974. 4(7). Entry #4Q 7349M.
C-315-74
LET'S PUT OIL-SPILL RISKS IN PERSPECTIVE
Matthews, C. D. 1974.
Oil and Gas Journal 72(36) :65-67.
The author reveals that, based on oil spill studies, there is
99.986% chance that there will never be an oil spill at
Nantucket, and only four major spills have occurred out of
18,123 offshore wells.
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974. 12(10)
Entry #067028.
C-316-74
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ON THE HIGH SEAS
Mau, G. 1973.
Hansa 110(15-16):1364-1366.
The paper views environmental protection in ocean navigation
both internally, dealing with the conditions and quality of
life on board the ships; and externally, regarding protection
of the sea from pollution, particularly by oil. The goals
set forth by the international maritime conventions for
prevention of pollution of the sea by oil are described.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(9). Entry #3359.
70
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C-317-74
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND THEIR INTERNATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
Odabasi, H., and S. E. Ulug (eds.). 1973.
Boulder: Colorado Associated University Press. 188 p.
Oil pollution is one of the topics examined in respect to
international environmental problems, particularly as they
relate to Turkey.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04843.
C-318-74
ENVIRONMENTAL
REGIONS
IMPACTS OF OIL SPILLS ON LAND IN THE ARCTIC
Raisbeck, J. M., and M. F. Mohtadi. 1974.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 3(2):195-208.
The paper reviews investigations made of the impact of oil
spills on the Arctic environment. Theoretical models des-
cribing the movement of oil on permeable and impermeable
surfaces are discussed.
Citation Source:
The Engineering Index Monthly.
12(10). Entry #067026.
1974.
C-319-74
OIL ON ICE
Ramseier, R. 0. 1974.
Environment 16(4):6-15.
The article discusses the potential of Arctic oil spills, a
history of past oil spills, the fate of oil in the Arctic
environment and the possible effects that spills may have in
altering climatic conditions in the Arctic.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06737.
71
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C-320-74
ANATOMY OF AN OIL SPILL
Wertenbaker, W. 1974.
Marine Technology Society Journal 8(3):16-29.
Studies were conducted to examine the effects of an oil spill
caused by the grounding of a tug and barge carrying 2500 tons
of No. 2 fuel oil at West Falmouth Harbor, Massachusetts. A
summary, written by the marine scientists who studied the area,
reported widespread and long-term damage occurring in the area.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06723.
72
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D. OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION
1. DESIGN AND ENGINEERING
C-321-74
PREVENTION OF SPILLAGE AT MONO-MOORING TERMINALS
Black, J. 1973.
Tanker and Bulk Carrier 20(5):28,30-32.
Environmental considerations are discussed in respect to buoy
movement and hose arrangements during single point mooring.
The development of new synthetic materials to improve hose
performance in this area are reviewed.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05342.
C-322-74
THE DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION OF AN UNDERWATER OIL
HARVESTING TECHNIQUE
Bianchi, R. A., and G. Henry. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(16):128.
Submerged hydrodynamic oil concentrator units were designed and
built, able to harvest light and heavy oils between 3/4 to 2 kn.
The unit was tested in the Boston Harbor and was effective in
recovering between 70% and 85% of all encountered oil.
Oil recovery and handling techniques
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04338.
C-323-74
DEVELOPMENT OF A POLLUTION-FREE CARGO TANK CLEANING SYSTEM
FOR USE ON BOARD TANKERS
Femenia, J. 1973.
New York State Sea Grant Program Report. 75 p.
The preliminary design and operation of a pollution-free cargo
tank cleaning system are described.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10249.
73
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C-324-74
WATER CONSERVATION AT A MAJOR REFINERY. PETROCHEMICAL COMPLEX
Kirby, T. W. 1974.
AIChE Symposium Series 70(136):645-653.
The biological waste water treatment systems at the three major
plants in the complex are discussed. Water reuse is being
expanded throughout the complexes.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #29268b.
C-325-74
SUN OIL DEVELOPS WATER REUSE PROGRAM
Mohler, E. F., Jr., and L. T. Clere. 1973.
Oil and Gas Journal 71(37):111-116.
The paper describes Sun Oil Company's success in achieving
effective pollution abatement and water reuse in its Toledo
refinery. The design and development of the oil-water
separators are also described.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04263.
C-326-74
THE OIL REFINERY IN 1980
Santa Olalla, M. 1973.
Ingenieurblad 42(22):637-644.
The capacity, complexity and antipollution features of an oil
refinery of the future are visualized, based on present trends
of demand.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(9). Entry #3223.
C-327-74
CENTRIFUGE HELPS TO CONTROL POLLUTION
Seither, H. J., Jr. 1974.
American Machinist 118(3):43-45.
A dual purpose oil-recirculating system has been developed by
International Harvester for the purpose of reducing oil loss
74
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from high speed machinery. Used oil is clarified by the
centrifuge system and then is recycled back into the machines
and used for lubrication.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-328-74
THE SPREADING AND TRANSPORT OF OIL SLICKS ON THE OPEN OCEAN IN
THE PRESENCE OF WIND, WAVES, AND CURRENTS
Waldman, G. A., R.A.Johnson, and P. L. Smith. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(20):120.
An analytical model is employed based on data collected on oil
transport and spreading due to environmental factors. Comparisons
of these calculations are made with data from the San Clemente
and Arrow spills, and the Chevron and Santa Barbara leaks.
Applicability of the model is discussed.
Analysis
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04373.
75
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2. OIL RECOVERY AND HANDLING TECHNIQUES
C-329-74
REDUCES 500,000 GPD REFINERY WASTE WATER TO MAXIMUM OIL
CONTENT OF 15 PPM
Adair, J. C. 1974.
Chemical Processing. Chicago 37(1):16.
The article describes a purification system able to reduce
oil content of 500,000 gpd of waste water to 15 ppm at the
Alabama Refining Company, Theodore, Alabama.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05314.
C-330-74
OIL POLLUTION RECOVERY
Anonymous. 1974.
Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 55(3):13.
A new and efficient method has been developed to recover
harmful oil, gas and kerosene spills. Bags composed of
Loktuft, a non-woven fabric teamed with imbiber beads,
polymers which can absorb several times their weight in
pollutants, will imbibe 1 gallon of oil in ten minutes,
and retain the pollutant within the bag.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-331-74
POLYURETHANE FOAM AS OIL SORBENT
Anonymous. 1974.
Marine Technology Society Journal 8(8):25.
The report "An oil recovery system utilizing polyurethane
foam - a feasibility study", has been released by the EPA,
describing the effectiveness of the foam as a sorbent for
spilled oil. The system tested was able to recover all types
of spilled oil under various conditions.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
76
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C-332-74
REFINERY EFFLUENTS NEED EFFICIENT CONTROL
Anonymous. 1974.
Energy Digest 3(1):37-39.
The problem of refinery effluent treatment and control is
discussed. Methods of oil-water separation of effluent
water are reviewed.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10274.
C-333-74
SHIP REPAIR FACILITIES IN GOTHENBURG
Anonymous. 1973.
Shipping World and Shipbuilder 166(3884):882-884.
Included in the article is the description of the facility,
"The Renare Hav", which is a part of a new ship repair complex
in Gothenburg, Sweden, for use in cleaning ship tanks. The
tank-cleaning station is expected to handle 6,000-8,000 TPY
of oil.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts, 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04948.
C-334-74
TOLFLOC 311
Anonymous.
Descriptive
information.
To!floe 311 is a mixture of liquid organic coagulants composed
of highly cationic linear polyamine polyelectrolytes, used in
the treatment of influent and effluent industrial waters to
remove suspended solids and oily industrial wastes. The
physical properties and application of Tolfloc 311 are given.
Information Source:
Petrolite Corporation, Tetrolite Division,
369 Marshall Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri
63119
77
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C-335-74
PETROLEUM PROCESSING WASTES
Baker, D. A. 1974.
Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation 46(6):
1298-1301.
The paper is a review of the 1973 literature on pollution
problems, control and treatment of petroleum processing
wastes.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(14).
Entry #81996b.
C-336-74
CRANKCASE OIL CLEANED FOR FUEL
Baumgardner, E. 1974.
Hydrocarbon Processing 53(5):129-131.
The operation of the process which converts used crankcase
oil to a usable fuel for power generating plants, steel mills,
and other large plants is described.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(9).
Entry #03-74-07338.
C-337-74
FABRIC BOOM CONCEPT FOR CONTAINMENT AND COLLECTION OF FLOATING
OIL
Bonz, P. E. 1973.
NTIS Report PB-228 049/3WP. 67 p.
Model tests were conducted in which a woven hydrophilic fabric
was used with a floating oil containment boom to achieve oil-
water separation after containment. The concept has proven to
be successful from tests of preliminary model performance.
Containment
Cleanup
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(10).
Entry #12-74-08710.
78
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C-338-74
WASTE AUTOMOTIVE LUBRICATING OIL AS A MUNICIPAL INCINERATOR
FUEL
Chansky, S., et al. 1973.
EPA Report EPA-R2-73-293. 79 p.
The economic, technical and environmental feasibility of
utilizing waste automotive lubricating oils as a fuel is
examined.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(9).
Entry #17-74-07826.
C-339-74
TALL OIL REFINERY WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS
Ciesielski, L. F. 1974.
American Oil Chemists' Society Journal 50:494-497.
Described is a recovery system which is effective in the
removal of oils incorporated in recycle and waste water from
tall oil refineries. The basic system consists of American
Petroleum Institute separators and a floating skimmer.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-340-74
A SMALL VACUUM OIL SKIMMING SYSTEM
Cross, R. H. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(18):114-115.
An oil slick collection system has been developed which collects
oil from the water surface by entrainment in a high-velocity air
stream. The system can be used to recover No. 4 fuel and lighter
oi 1 s.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04363.
79
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C-341-74
NEW TECHNOLOGY REVITALIZES WASTE-LUBE-OIL REFINERY
Davis, J. C. 1974.
Chemical Engineering 81(15):62-66.
The technical feature describes the increasing attractiveness
of substituting refined waste lubricating oil for fuel and
virgin oil. The rise in interest in this area is discussed.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(9).
Entry #03-74-07372.
C-342-74
RAPID ACTING OIL ABSORBENT. RIVERS, PONDS, ROAD SURFACES -
ITS EMERGENCY USES ARE LEGION
DeVial, R. M. 1973.
Pollution Monitoring 15:5.
The speed and efficiency of the oil absorbent Drizil are
reported A A boom is used to surround a waterborne oil slick,
the product is spread across the oil, all free oil is absorbed
and the absorbent is then collected and disposed of.
Containment
Cleanup
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(10). Entry #3787.
C-343-74
SPLITTING EMULSIONS
Dittrich, V. 1974.
Wasser, Luft und Betrieb 18(2):91-98.
The treatment of oil emulsions from food processing and other
industries, and cooling, drilling and rolling mill operations
are discussed.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04327.
80
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C-344-74
PORT COLLECTION AND SEPARATION FACILITIES FOR OILY WASTES.
VOLUME I: COLLECTION, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF OIL WATER
WASTES FROM SHIPS
Forster, R. L., J. E. Moyer, and S. I. Firstman. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(I7):105.
Types and quantities of oil wastes entering selected ports by
nonmilitary shipping are reported. Also included is informa-
tion pertaining to the collection, treatment and disposal of
oil wastes in the selected ports.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04341.
C-345-74
PORT COLLECTION AND SEPARATION FACILITIES FOR OILY WASTES.
VOLUME II: GENERAL TECHNOLOGY
Forster, R. L., J. E. Moyer, and S. I. Firstman. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):105.
The procedures used to collect and separate oil wastes at
various ports are described and evaluated. Technical background
information concerning the processes is given.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04342.
C-346-74
PORT COLLECTION AND SEPARATION FACILITIES FOR OILY WASTES.
VOLUME III: GENERAL DATA AND CONCEPTUAL PLANS FOR THE
SURVEYED PORTS
Forster, R. L., J. E. Moyer, and S. I. Firstman. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):105-106.
Included is an inventory of oily waste collection, handling
and treatment facilities existing in U.S. ports. In studying
several oil handling systems, preferred collection methods,
treatment systems, and disposal systems were selected.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04343.
81
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C-347-74
OIL RECLAMATION - AN ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT TECHNIQUES
Franklin, J. S. 1973.
Effluent and Water Treatment Journal 13(10):655,657.
Oil recovery processes, including mechanical separation
techniques, emulsion treatment, and a flocculation system,
are evaluated.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05377.
C-348-74
DEVELOPMENT OF A BATCHWISE IN-SITU REGENERATION TYPE SEPARATOR
TO REMOVE OIL FROM OIL WATER SUSPENSIONS
Fruman, D., A. Gollan, and J. Ricklis. 1973.
Final Technical Report 7080-2, Phase II (Maritime Administration
Report MA-RD-900-73025J. Ill p.
An oil-water separator was developed and tested on simulated
oil-water suspensions. Contaminated water passes through a
section of polyurethane foam, where the oil is retained or
coalesced. Droplets of coalesced oil in the effluent are
later separated by gravity.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10441.
C-349-74
AN OILY WATER SEPARATOR SYSTEM
Garber, D. C. 1974.
Marine Technology ll(l):61-65.
A unique oily water separation system for shipboard use is
described. The system is able to issue water effluents con-
taining 2 to 5 ppm of oil when in operation at sea (oil
content of 6 ppm is considered marginal).
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control,
1974. 5(8). Entry #2910.
82
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C-350-74
OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM OPERATES EFFECTIVELY IN ROUGH WATER
Gascoigne, P. 1974.
World Oil 178(7):93-94.
An oil skimmer has been developed which can operate efficiently
during bad weather conditions. Water containing floating oil
and debris is herded and propelled into filter belts where the
water is allowed to pass through and the oil is retained on the
bel ts.
Cleanup
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974. 12(8).
Entry #052636.
C-351-74
OIL REMOVAL TECHNIQUES IN AN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT
Golden, P. C. 1974.
Marine Technological Society Journal 8(l):38-43.
Studies of oil removal in the Arctic have revealed that crude
oil (60°F) poured onto ice and snow in both winter and summer
spreads to a minimum thickness of 5 cm. It was found that oil
penetrates summer ice but practically no oil penetrates winter
snow and ice.
Physical effects of oil pollution
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(9). Entry #3360.
C-352-74
REMOVAL OF OIL FROM AQUEOUS WASTES BY FLOTATION
Goren, S. L. 1974.
Completion Report, California Water Resources Center, Davis
(Project UCAL-WRC-W-276). 10 p.
Experimental studies have shown that flotation is highly
effective in separating oil in water dispersions at high
electrolyte concentrations. Efficiency of removal decreases
with decreasing oil droplet size, limiting the system in
separation capabilities.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10082.
83
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C-353-74
VISCOSITY ACTUATED PHASE SEPARATING (VAPS), FOR OIL-WATER
SEPARATIONS
Handwerk, R. H., D. J. Smith, and E. E. Griesser. 1973.
Final Project Report 734305.2/5 to U.S. Coast Guard Office
of Research and Development. 168 p.
An oil/water separator was designed to eliminate oil discharge
in marine environments from all types of vessels. The
effectiveness of several devices tested to achieve such
separation are discussed.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10231.
C-354-74
CENTRIFUGE COALESCER FOR SEPARATING OIL FROM WATER IN SHIPBOARD
APPLICATIONS
Harvey, A. C., A. R. Guzdar, V. K. Stokes, and A. T. Fisk. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(18):102.
The development and operation of a centrifuge to separate oil
dispersed in bilge and ballast water is discussed.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04356.
C-355-74
ONE PRIVATE PLANT TREATS OIL, CHEMICAL RESIDUES IN DENMARK
Henriksen, P. 1974.
Solid Wastes Management 17(5):77.
The article describes the central treatment facility in Denmark
developed to convert all waste oils and hazardous chemicals to
safely disposable forms. The functions, capacities and
characteristics of the operation are provided.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(9).
Entry #17-74-07813.
C-356-74
EFFLUENT WATER TREATMENT AT CHARTER INTERNATIONAL OIL COMPANY'S
HOUSTON REFINERY
Hentschel, M. L., and T. L. Cox. 1974.
AIChE Symposium Series 70(136):638-644.
84
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The problems associated with the water treatment operation
at the refinery are discussed. Also included is the effect
of sulfides and phenols on the activated sludge biological
unit.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #29267a.
C-357-74
A MODIFIED EXTRACTION METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF MINERAL
OIL IN SEAWATER
Hughes, D. R., R. S. Belcher, and E. J. O'Brien. 1973.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 10(3):
170-171.
Three extraction procedures measuring mineral oil levels in
some Victorian coastal waters were compared in terms of
efficiency. The most useful extraction technique was selected
and modified.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05446.
C-358-74
HIGH RATE FILTRATION OF SOLIDS-STABILIZED OIL-IN-WATER EMULSIONS
Humenick, M. J., E. F. Gloyna, and B. J. Davis. 1973.
Texas. University at Austin. Center for Research in Water
Resources, Technical Report CRWR-105. 166 p.
The performance of a high rate filtration process in removing
suspended solids and oil in solids-stabilized oil-in-water
emulsions was evaluated. Literature pertaining to the filtration
theory and operation is reviewed.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-05484.
C-359-74
AN EXPERIMENT ON METAL WORKING OIL EMULSION INTO SEWER SYSTEMS
Izumi, K., and H. Nagamori. 1974.
Junkatsu 19(3):32-40.
The procedure for the disposal of metal working oil emulsion
85
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into sewer systems, followed by settling and oil-water
separation is described.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10559.
C-360-74
DISPOSAL OF OIL EMULSION USED FOR METAL MACHINING
Izumi, K., and H. Nagamori. 1974.
Junkatsu 19(3)-.208-216.
From studies on the electrochemical oxidation of emulsifiers
of machine oils in sewage, the nonionic emulsifiers were
^95% oxidized, with the use of a Pt or Ru anode. The machine
oil was separated from the sewage.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #96044p.
C-361-74
REMOVAL OF OIL FROM UNDER PIERS
Katz, B. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):122.
Methods are outlined for removing oil from under piers. The
primary means of removal are by producing artificial currents
under the pier and driving the oil out to be retrieved.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04351.
C-362-74
SUPPORT SYSTEMS TO DELIVER AND MAINTAIN OIL RECOVERY SYSTEMS
AND DISPOSE OF RECOVERED OIL
Kim, B. C., H. Carlton, T. J. Cooke, J. H. Hancock, and R. A.
Mendel son. 1973.
USCG-D-56-74. Contract DOT-CG-23223-A. 256 p.
Three oil spill-related problems were investigated: determina-
tion of optimum transfer systems for oil recovery; determination
of oil tanker traffic in coastal and open waters in order to
establish future oil cleanup systems requirements; and the study
of techniques for the ultimate disposal of recovered oil.
Citation Source: Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(14). Entry #AD-778 941/5GA.
86
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C-363-74
ENROLLMENT UF THE MUNICIPAL WATER AUTHORITY OF AMSTERDAM
INTO ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
Ligthart, H. M. 1973.
Gemeentewerken 2(4):80-82.
The primary ways by which polluting oil enters the city canals
and decorative waters of Amsterdam are described. Oil removal
methods used in these waters include emulsification by means
of emulsifier Finasol S.C., absorption using a very light
volcanic substance, Ekoperl, and sucking away of oil using a
self leveling unit, the SLURP device (developed by Esso Research)
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(10). Entry #3786.
C-364-74
DECONTAMINATION OF SEWAGE AND SURFACE WATERS BY SYNTHETIC
DETERGENTS AND RECOVERY OF OIL RESIDUES
Marino, G. 1973.
Igiene Moderna 66(6)-.587-594.
Discussed are the major causes for the inefficient removal of
oils and surfactants by activated carbon filters.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(14).
Entry #82063g.
C365-74
STATE OF MARYLAND WASTE OIL RECOVERY AND REUSE PROGRAM
Martin, E. J., and G. D. Gumtz. 1974.
Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Series Report
EPA 670/2-74-013. 248p.
The report presented is a supplement to the 1971 study conducted
by the Maryland Environmental Service and Department of Health
and Mental Hygiene, bringing to view the problem of waste oil
discharges in state waters. The report recommends waste oil
collection, storage and reprocessing programs to prevent further
oil pollution and promote resource recovery in Maryland.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10539.
87
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C-366-74
EVALUATION OF CONCEPTS FOR SEPARATING OIL FROM WATER
DISCHARGED FROM SHIPS
McKay, W. C. 1973.
NTIS Report AD-770 436/5WP. 121 p.
Eight unique systems used to separate oil from water discharged
from ships are evaluated.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06762.
C-367-74
IMPROVEMENT OF COALESCENCE CONDITIONS OF OILFIELD EMULSIONS
Meiijs, F. H., and R. W. Mitchell. 1974.
Journal Petroleum Technology (May):563-570.
Improvements in the area of oil emulsion-coalescence are
discussed. The studies are aimed at dehydrating crude oil
emulsions, and deoiling dehydration effluents which result in
improved environmental effects.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #108189e.,
C-368-74
DEVELOPMENT AND PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A SORBENT-OIL RECOVERY
SYSTEM
Miller, E., L. Stephens, and 0. Ricklis. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):122.
The preliminary designs of a Sorbent Oil Recovery System are
presented, including descriptions of system components,
operating instructions and costs. The system is able to recover
about 90% of the oil in a 1.5 mm slick, retrieved oil having
a water content <10%.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04347.
C-369-74
TEST AND EVALUATION OF OIL POLLUTION ABATEMENT DEVICES FOR
SHIPBOARD USE, PHASE 3
Norton, L. B. 1973.
Final Report. NTIS AD-762488. 16 p.
88
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A filter coalescer system to separate oily water was tested
for bilge and ballast mixtures by the United States Coast
Guard. Most emulsions were separated satisfactorily.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(18). Entry #W74-09321.
C-370-74
WASTE PAPER USED FOR THE CLEANUP OF OIL SPILLS
Oesterling, J. F., and L. A. Spano. 1973.
Science 181(4101):775.
A method has been developed to remove oil from a body of water
by dispersing fiberized paper of a specific fragment size over
the oil layer. The paper can collect >27 times its weight and
acts as an oil-fibrous agglomerate which can be easily skimmed
and recovered.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04198.
C-371-74
VACUUM DESORPTION CONCEPT FOR REMOVING OIL FROM WATER
Pomonik, G. M. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(18):102.
A prototype model of an oil-water separator to remove oil from
bilge and ballast water aboard ships was developed. Gas is
desorbed from the water by a vacuum and the resulting formation
of bubbles aids in the separation process. Further testing of
the system with different oils and input conditions is planned.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04357.
C-372-74
SEPARATION AND RECOVERY SYSTEMS, INC., 100-GALLON-PER-MINUTE
OIL/WATER SEPARATOR
Russell, E. C. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(18):102.
89
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A 100-gpm oil-water separation system is evaluated as a
shipboard oil pollution control device.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04355.
C-373-74
OIL/SORBENT HARVESTING SYSTEM FOR USE ON VESSELS OF OPPORTUNITY
Sartor, J. D., C. R. Foget, and R. W. Castle. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(17):123.
An oil/sorbent harvesting system for recovery of mixtures of oil
and sorbent materials was developed and evaluated in San Francisco
Bay and Coal Oil Point, California. The system was successful
in recovering sorbents (straw and polyurethane foam) that were
dispersed over natural oil slicks.
Cleanup
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04353.
C-374-74
PLANNING-EQUIPMENT AND TRAINING FOR OIL POLLUTION CONTROL
Smith, M. F., and P. Lane. 1973.
Review Edition, Westport, Connecticut: Slickbar.
A technical guide is presented with information for planning
ahead and recovering oil spills. Oil spill characteristics
are discussed along with procedures for using such spill-related
equipment as oil booms, absorbents, dispersants, herders and
sinking agents.
Containment
Cleanup
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04193.
C-375-74
PURIFICATION OF PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTE WATERS STUDIED BY THt
REAGENT PRESSURE FLOTATION METHOD
Sokolov, V. P., and Z. I. Pustoselova. 1974.
Neftepererab Neftekhim 2:11-13.
90
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Maximum effectiveness in decreasing the content of petroleum
products in purified effluents is described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(10).
Entry #54016a.
C-376-74
TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING OIL
Takahashi, S., and K. Miyata. 1974.
Junkatsu 19(3):222-228.
The paper reviews "separation and removal procedures of free
and suspension oils from wastewater."
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(8).
Entry #41098d.
C-377-74
SURVEY OF WASTEWATER DISCHARGE: ELMENDORF AFB, ALASKA
Thomas, J. F., and C. F. Pauls. 1974.
Report No. EHL(K)-74-ll. 60 p.
After surveying wastewater discharge at Elmendorf AFB for six
days in June, 1972, there was visual evidence of oil contaminated
waters having entered the storm drainage system and a swampy
area where water eventually drains. Recommendations were made
regarding the disposal of waste lubricating oils, fuels and
solvents.
Citation Source: Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(19). Entry #AD-782 480/8GA.
C-378-74
EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL TECHNIQUES FOR
THE SEPARATION OF EMULSIFIED OIL FROM WATER
Wang, L. K., J. Y. Yang, and D. B. Dahm. 1973.
Calspan Corporation, Buffalo. Report 189. 5 p.
Flotation, magnetization, coalescence, chromatography, layer
filtration, centrifugation, and biological oxidation are among
the physical-chemical processes reviewed for oil-water
separation. The most effective methods for removing oil are
outlined.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04650.
91
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C-379-74
WASTE LUBRICATION OIL RESEARCH: SOME INNOVATIVE APPROACHES
TO RECLAIMING USED CRANKCASE OIL
Whisman, M. C., et al. 1974.
USBM Report Rl-7925. 20 p.
Techniques including vacuum distillation and solvent treatment
are evaluated in respect to their effectiveness in reclaiming
used lubricating oil.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(9).
Entry #03-74-07391.
C-380-74
SOURCES OF OIL AND WATER IN BILGES OF GREAT LAKES SHIPS
Woodward, J. B. 1974.
Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, Technology
Series Report EPA-670/2-74-054. 33 p.
"Sources of bilge water and oil in bilgewater were investigated
aboard ships of the Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company. It was
concluded that by diverting water that contributes to the bilges,
separation, storage, and disposal of oil wastes are facilitated."
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10191.
92
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3. RESEARCH
C-381-74
FACILITIES IN PORTS FOR THE RECEPTION OF OIL RESIDUES
Anonymous. 1973.
London: Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative
Organization. 145 p.
Data have been gathered from twenty-four countries on the
stationary and mobile oil facilities existing in ports for
the reception of oil residues.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04550.
C-382-74
APPLYING OCEAN RESEARCH TO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Covey, S. W. 1974.
Sea Technology 15(3):22-25.
EG&G Environmental Equipment Division is studying the environ-
mental effects of operations such as sewage treatment,
offshore drilling and other offshore activities, utilizing
equipment the company has designed and developed for research
in these areas.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06726.
C-383-74
OIL SPILLS, HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SPILLS, VESSEL PROTECTION AND
OCEAN DUMPING
Dewling, R. 1973.
In: American Ordnance Association Proceedings of 3rd Meeting
on Environmental Pollution, May 17-18, 1972. Fort McNair,
Washington, D. C. p. 99-106.
The programs and research conducted by the Edison Water Quality
Laboratory of EPA dealing with oil and other hazardous material
spills, and effluent from small recreational watercraft in in-
land waters and estuaries are described. Techniques for
identifying oil, containment, recovery and beach restoration
are evaluated.
Cleanup
Analysis
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10772.
93
-------
C-384-74
DYE AND DROGUE STUDIES OF SPOIL DISPOSAL AND OIL DISPERSION
Klemas, V., D. Maurer, W. Leatham, P. Kinner, and W. Treasure.
1974.
Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation 46(8):
2026-2034.
The authors utilized/dyes and drogues to predict short-term
dispersion of potential oil spills from a proposed offshore
oil terminal in Delaware Bay, and dispersion of spoils from
dredging. It was found that surface currents which influence
oil movement differed significantly from predicted gross cur-
rent circulation at the test sites.
Citation Source: The Engineering Index Monthly. 1974.
12(10). Entry #067027.
C-385-74
APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF RECTILINEAR VORTICES TO THE
MOVEMENT OF OIL SLICKS
Murty, T. S., and M. L. Khandekar. 1973.
Canada Marine Sciences Directorate. Manuscript Report Series
32. 29 p.
The movement of oil slicks was studied in respect to the concept
of rectilinear vortices.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04264.
C-386-74
PETROLEUM SYSTEMS RELIABILITY ANALYSIS. VOLUME I: ENGINEERING
REPORT, A PROGRAM FOR PREVENTION OF OIL SPILLS USING AN
ENGINEERING APPROACH TO A STUDY OF OFFSHORE AND ONSHORE CRUDE
OIL PETROLEUM SYSTEMS
Ritchie, J. E., et al. 1973.
NTIS Report PB-226 584/1WP. 95 p.
The report is a response to the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act Amendment (1972). A study surveyed offshore and onshore
oil facilities in United States oil producing areas. Spill
records were collected to determine points of spill vulnerability
in existing systems, and to formulate spill prevention guide-
lines applicable to these points.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-75-06767.
94
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4. OTHER
C-387-74
DEEPWATER PORTS
Anonymous. 1973.
H.R. Report No. 668, 93rd Congress, 1st Session. 15 p.
The report contends that no evidence exists which indicates
that supertankers present a greater risk in causing oil spills
than do smaller ships, since the size of a spill is independent
of ship size; thus, supporting the construction of deepwater
ports which accommodate large cargo carriers.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10877.
C-388-74
PROTECTION AND USE OF THE ISLANDS IN HAURAKI GULF MARITIME
PARK
Atkinson, I. A. E. 1973.
New Zealand Ecological Society Proceedings 20:103-114.
The paper discusses the extreme necessity to preserve the outer
islands of Hauraki Gulf Maritime Park of New Zealand. Included
in the measures suggested to maintain the wildlife areas is a
greatly increased penalty for oil spillage.
Citation Source: Biological Abstracts. 1974. 58(6).
Entry #31076.
C-389-74
NAVAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROGRAM
D'Emidio, J. A. 1973.
In: American Ordnance Association Proceeding of 3rd Meeting
on Environmental Pollution, May 17-18, 1972. Fort McNair,
Washington, D. C. p. 66-83.
The Navy's Pollution Abatement Program has been concentrated in
two main areas where its impact is the greatest: shore facili-
ties and ships. Included in the Navy's pollution abatement
program proposal are measures which attack occurrences of
harbor spills caused by leaks, overflows, parting of fuel lines
during oil transfer and recovering operations, and human error.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry IW74-10769.
95
-------
C-390-74
MARITIME ADMINISTRATION POLLUTION ABATEMENT PROGRAM
Dillon, E. S. 1973.
In: American Ordnance Association Proceedings of 3rd Meeting
on Environmental Pollution, May 17-18, 1972. Fort McNair,
Washington, D. C. p. 85-92.
The paper discusses the lack of satisfactory programs or
regulations existing to solve the problem of oily waste and
sewage disposal in marine waters. Government groups involved
in efforts to solve these major problems are given.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry IW74-10770.
C-391-74
A THRENODY CONCERNING THE BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN NATURAL
WATERS
Floodgate, G. D. 1973.
Louisiana State University Sea Grant Publication #LSU-SG-73-01.
p. 17-24.
The paper represents a plea for greater recognition of the
complex oil pollution problem. The need for extensive physical,
chemical and biological investigations of areas of oil spills
has t>een emphasized.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08612.
C-392-74
MARITIME ACCIDENTAL SPILL RISK ANALYSIS. PHASE I: METHODOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING
Fortson, R. M., Jr., E. L. Holmboe, F. B. Brown, J. T. Kirkland,
and P. M. Tullier. 1973.
Technical Report 743 for U.S. Coast Guard. DOT-CG-22, 326-A.
71 p.
A task plan is given for assessing alternative methods of
reducing the potential risk caused by hazardous spills resulting
from vessel collisions and groundings.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10619.
96
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C-393-74
POTENTIAL POLLUTANTS IN FOSSIL FUELS
Magee, E. M., et al. 1973.
NTIS Report PB-225 039/7WP. 292 p.
"The composition of typical U.S. fossil fuels by source
location and the extent to which the selection of coals and
crude oils by geographic source can be expected to affect
their composition in trace elements are surveyed. Good data
and useful correlations with source locations are available
for a number of potential pollutants, including oil."
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06703.
C-394-74
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON PREVENTION OF POLLUTION OF THE
SEAS BY OIL AND OTHER POLLUTANTS
Seelinger, J. 1973.
In: American Ordnance Association Proceedings of 3rd Meeting
on Environmental Pollution, May 17-18, 1972. Fort McNair,
Washington, D. C. p. 117-126.
The Maritime Administration, in its research and development
programs,is concerned with ways and means to prevent both
accidental and intentional oil discharges on the seas. Current
oil discharge laws and activities are summarized and the U.S.
position at the Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative
Organization Conference on oil discharges is predicted.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10774.
97
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E. EFFECTS OF OIL PROSPECTING AND PRODUCTION
1. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
C-395-74
A REPORT-CEQ HEARINGS ON OFFSHORE DRILLING
Felne, P. 1974.
American Gas Association Monthly 56(3):7-ll.
The potential environmental impact of outer continental shelf
drilling off the Atlantic Coast was the subject of a series
of CEQ hearings. There were three areas of comment: develop-
ment of new energy resources on the Atlantic shelf should not
be undertaken, more research and development should be conducted
to study the effects of such activities on the marine environ-
ment, and that development should begin promptly.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06719.
98
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2. PHYSICAL EFFECTS
C-396-74
ANOTHER VIEW OF OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS
National Academy of Sciences. 1974.
Marine Technology Society Journal 8(9):2-12.
The article is comprised of several excerpts from a committee
of the National Academy of Sciences on findings about the
Council of Environmental Quality report, "OCS Oil and Gas -
an Environmental Assessment". In regard to the environment,
the committee stresses the fact that present knowledge is
inadequate for assessing thoroughly the likely physical and
biological consequences of OCS development of the areas in
question.
Biological effects of oil production and prospecting
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
99
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3. SOCIAL EFFECTS
C-397-74
THE TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE. A VICTIM OF CONFLICTING PRIORITIES
Fulmer, W. W. 1973.
Student Essay.
The essay is a study of the clash between proponents of a
pipeline to be constructed across Alaska and environmentalists
opposing construction. The dissension arose as a result of
the petroleum discovery on the North Slope of Alaska in July,
1968.
Citation Source: Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(14). Entry #AD-778 916/7GA.
100
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4. GENERAL EFFECTS
C-398-74
(No Title)
Anonymous. 1974.
Ocean Oil Weekly Report 9(4):1.
A two-year study conducted by the Gulf Universities Research
Consortium, Galveston, Texas, revealed that offshore drilling
and production appear to have no harmful effects on the
environment. The project undertook studies into twenty-four
biological, physical and chemical aspects of offshore drilling
on the Timbalier Bay Estuarine System off Louisiana. In 79%
of the investigations, evidence indicated no harmful or a
beneficial impact on the environment.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-399-74
(No Title)
Anonymous. 1974.
Ocean Science News 16(46):3.
A report "North Sea Oil & Gas: Impact of Development on the
Coastal Zone", has been published and is available from the
U.S. Government Printing Office. The National Ocean Policy
Study concluded, "one of the most important findings is that
the impact from drilling is far more serious to the coastal
communities than any damages likely to hit coastal waters and
beaches from an oil spill."
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-400-74
POTENTIAL ONSHORE EFFECTS OF DEEPWATER OIL TERMINAL-RELATED
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME I: PART ONE. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(23):29.
The onshore effects of deepwater port development in five
potential terminal sites in the U.S. are examined and discussed
(Machias, Maine; Sandy Hook, New Jersey, Delaware Bay, New
Jersey; Grand Isle, Louisiana; and Freeport, Texas). Included in
the discussion are the relative impacts of industrial development,
101
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air and water pollution and land use resulting from deep-
water terminal development.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05876.
C-401-74
POTENTIAL ONSHORE EFFECTS OF DEEPWATER OIL TERMINAL-RELATED
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME II: PART TWO. MID-ATLANTIC
REGION. PART THREE. MAINE.
Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(23):29-30.
Two sets of impacts were examined in regard to the establishment
of a deepwater terminal near Cape May in southern New Jersey
and near Sandy Hook in northern New Jersey. The economic impact
of such development was considered and the environmental con-
sequences of deepwater port construction and operation were
assessed for a belt of land extending through New Jersey,
Pennsylvania and Delaware.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05877.
C-402-74
POTENTIAL ONSHORE EFFECTS OF DEEPWATER OIL TERMINAL-RELATED
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME III: PART FOUR. GULF COAST
REGION
Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(23):30.
The impact of potential deepwater terminals off Grand Isle,
Louisiana and Freeport, Texas, was evaluated.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05878.
C-403-74
POTENTIAL ONSHORE EFFECTS OF DEEPWATER OIL TERMINAL-RELATED
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME IV: PART FIVE. APPENDICES
Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(23):30.
102
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"Information and data pertinent to each study are presented.
Topics include the petrochemical industry, U.S. crude oil
imports and refining, economic methodology and environmental
methodology."
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05879.
C-404-74
COMMUNITY DECISION-MAKING AND ENERGY EXPLORATION: THE PACIFIC
PALISADES CONFLICT
Briggs, M. J., and M. L. Moss. 1973.
University of Southern California Sea Grant Program. Publication
USC-SG-7-73. 106 p.
The environmental, economic, geological, social, political and
legal aspects of a conflict emerging from proposed oil drilling
and exploration in the Pacific Palisades area of Los Angeles
are examined in detail.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05478.
C-405-74
THE OIL INDUSTRY
Chandler, G. 1973.
Fuel and the Environment, Conference Proceedings 1:23-40.
The environmental problems associated with petroleum-related
activities are reviewed and methods of control and prevention
of oil pollution are discussed.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #108148r.
C-406-74
BURNING WASTE GAS IN OIL FIELDS
Croft, T. A. 1973.
Nature (London) 245(5425):375-376.
When petroleum is extracted from beneath the earth's surface,
an abundance of gas is released. The author discusses the
implications of waste and pollution resulting from the burning
of waste gas in oil fields.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(10). Entry #3666.
103
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C-407-74
NEW PETROLEUM REFINERY. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Cross, F. L., Jr., and J. R. Lawson. 1974.
AIChE Symposium Series 70(136):808-816.
"A multidisciplined approach to an environmental impact
study for a refinery is discussed."
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(10).
Entry #53955u.
C-408-74
MANY VARIABLES GO INTO PLANNING DEEPWATER TERMINAL
Dudley, R. J., and K. P. Havik. 1974.
Oil and Gas Journal 72(9):53-57.
Discussed are the preliminary studies that must be conducted
in planning the operation of a deepwater oil terminal. Aspects
which must be considered include location, weather conditions,
arrival patterns of ships, cargo types, and the environmental
impact.
Citation Source: Environment Abstracts. 1974. 4(10).
Entry #12-74-08703.
C-409-74
ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON OFFSHORE FACILITIES
Hull, A. R., and T. S. Austin. 1974.
Marine Technology Society Journal 8(4): 15-21.
The environmental data needed for the development of offshore
facilities such as deepwater ports for supertankers are
discussed.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10898.
C-410-74
POLICY FOR LOCATION OF OFFSHORE PORTS AND OIL REFINERIES
IN COASTAL AREAS
Leak, R. E., W. S. Gaither, L. S. Amant, and W. D. Welch. 1973.
Report of the Governor's Conference on Marine Resources, p. 35-42,
104
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Viewpoints from a port designer, industrial developer and an
environmentalist are given in regard to policy for location
of offshore ports and oil refineries in coastal areas.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-09995.
C-411-74
A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY
OF MACHIAS BAY, MAINE TO OIL SUPERTANKERS
Moore, S. F., R. L. Dwyer, and A. M. Katz. 1973.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sea Grant Project
Report MITSG 76-6. 162 p.
The environmental impact of construction of a supertanker
terminal in Machias Bay, Maine, was assessed. Considered
were oil transport and dispersion, spill trajectories and
behavior, biological transfers and biological effects on
marine organisms.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
5(20). Entry #W74-10656.
C-412-74
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONCERNS IN THE ANTARCTIC: XIII SCAR
Schatz, G. S. 1974.
National Research Council News Report XXIV(7):4-5.
One of the areas of concern of the Scientific Committee on
Antarctic Research (SCAR), a nongovernmental coordinating
body for Antarctic science, is the impact mineral resources
will have on the Antarctic. Information is being assembled
by the committee on the possible detrimental environmental
effects which might result from exploration or exploitation
of Antarctic resources, such as oil.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-413-74
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ANNUAL SEA GRANT
LECTURE AND SYMPOSIUM (2ND): WORLD ENERGY AND THE OCEANS;
KEY ISSUES IN OFFSHORE OIL, AND INNOVATIONS IN HEAT DISPOSAL
IN THE OCEANS.
Shoupp, W. E., et al. 1973.
NTIS Report COM-74-10197/3WP. 48 p.
105
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Included in the three papers presented is the recommendation
that efforts be made to locate offshore reserves, and to
maximize the use of the oceans fuel resources.
Citation Source: Environment. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06770.
C-414-74
PROPOSED 1974 OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS GENERAL
LEASE SALE, OFFSHORE LOUISIANA. VOLUME I.
USDI, Bureau of Land Management. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(24):176.
Analytical techniques evaluating potential environmental effects
were conducted on 215 tracts of outer continental shelf land,
scheduled to be sold in spring, 1974, in an effort to measure
the environmental impact should oil and gas exploration and
production ensue.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05507.
C-415-74
PROPOSED 1974 OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS GENERAL
LEASE SALE, OFFSHORE LOUISIANA. VOLUME II
USDI, Bureau of Land Management. 1973.
Government Reports Announcements 73(24):176.
Aspects of the proposal to lease 215 tracts of outer continental
shelf lands are discussed. Included topics are the adverse
environmental effects of such operations, and the irreversible
commitment of resources for oil and gas operations.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05508.
106
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F. OIL POLLUTION LEGISLATION
1. STATE LEGISLATION
C-416-74
OIL POLLUTION CONTROL
Anonymous. 1973.
North Carolina Stat. Sees. 143-215.75 thru 143-215.82.
The statute's purpose is to protect the land and waters from
pollution by oil, oil products and oil by-products. The
North Carolina Board of Water and Air Resources will be the
responsible body to assure compliance with the statute,
making all necessary investigations and inspections to
control oil discharges.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10509.
C-417-74
POLLUTION AND OBSTRUCTION OF WATERS
Anonymous. 1973.
New Jersey Stat. Ann. Ch. 23:5-28.
A regulation has been established in New Jersey in which
deleterious products such as petroleum shall not be placed
in areas where their entrance into the state's fresh or
tidal waters is feasible.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974,
7(16). Entry #W74-08569.
107
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2. NATIONAL LEGISLATION
C-418-74
ASKEW V. AMERICAN WATERWAYS OPERATORS, INC., REVISITED
(commentary)
Anonymous. 1974.
Natural Resources Journal 14:153-156.
The commentary deals with the provisions of the Florida Oil
Spill and Pollution Control Act which, in 1973, was made
constitutional by the United States Supreme Court. The main
objection to the legislation, which led to its unconstitu-
tionally prior to 1973, was that it imposed much stricter
standards of liability for oil spills than the Water Quality
Improvement Act (an amendment to the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act).
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10518.
C-419-74
COAST GUARD, MARITIME COMMISSION AND CEQ OIL POLLUTION RULES
Anonymous. 1974.
Clean Air and Water News 6(42):607-608.
Listed are the oil regulations and their locations in the
Pollution Control Guide, a guide which covers the Federal
rules dealing with oil pollution prevention and control.
Full texts of pertinent regulations issued by the Coast Guard,
Federal Maritime Commission and the Council of Environmental
Quality are included.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-420-74
OIL POLLUTION ACT AMENDMENTS OF 1973—LEGISLATIVE HISTORY
Anonymous. 1973.
United States Code Congressional and Administrative News.
p. 3732-3738.
The 1969 amendment to the 1954 International Convention for
the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil is described.
Conditions of oil discharge relating to total quantity and
rate of discharge, oil mixture dilution and distance from
land are reviewed.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08567.
108
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C-421-74
OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION--NON-TRANSPORTATION-RELATED ONSHORE
AND OFFSHORE FACILITIES—PROPOSED RULES
Anonymous. 1973.
Federal Register 38(138)-.19334-19339.
The report describes the provision by the Environmental
Protection Agency for the preparation of Spill Prevention
Control and Countermeasure Plans (SPCC Plans) for owners
and operators of onshore-offshore oil facilities.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08561.
C-422-74
OIL POLLUTION: WHAT'S AVAILABLE TO PREVENT OR CONTROL OIL
SPILLS
Anonymous. 1973.
Marine Engineering/Log. 77(6):25-29.
The paper presents existing and proposed legislation pertaining
to the prevention of oil discharges. Oil spill control systems
such as containment booms, skimmers and oil-water separators
are also reviewed.
Containment
Cleanup
Oil recovery and handling techniques
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04652.
C-423-74
PETROLEUM REFINING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY
Anonymous. 1974.
Federal Register 39(91):16560-16573.
The paper cites regulations from the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act which limit toxic substances, including oil and
grease, in effluent from cracking, topping, and lubrication
processes.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(8).
Entry #41123h.
109
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C-424-74
POLLUTION OF COASTAL AND NAVIGABLE WATERS (CRF title 19, Part 4)
Anonymous. 1973.
Federal Register 38(10):1587.
The regulation requires customs officers to report to the
district director discharges of oil into coastal and navigable
waters which violate the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970.
The director is required to report such information to the Coast
Guard district commander.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(16). Entry #W74-08562.
C-425-74
ROLE OF COAST GUARD IN POLLUTION CONTROL
Benkert, W. 1973.
In: American Ordnance Association Proceedings of 3rd Meeting
on Environmental Pollution, May 17-18, 1972. Fort McNair,
Washington, D. C. p. 93-95.
The duties and responsibilities of the Coast Guard in dealing
with oil pollution and its prevention in navigable waters are
outlined.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10771.
C-426-74
LIABILITY LIMITS FOR SMALL ONSHORE OIL STORAGE FACILITIES -
PROPOSED RULES
Environmental Protection Agency. 1973.
Federal Register 38(90):12339-12340.
The liability classifications and size limits for small
onshore oil storage facilities are outlined, as authorized
by the administrator of the EPA.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10063.
110
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C-427-74
OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION: NON-TRANSPORTATION RELATED ONSHORE
AND OFFSHORE FACILITIES
Environmental Protection Agency. 1973.
Federal Register 38(237):34163-34170.
The changes made to simplify, clarify or correct deficiencies
in the proposed regulations to prevent oil discharges into
U.S. navigable waters (unpublished July 19, 1973) are presented.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04435.
C-428-74
PETROLEUM REFINING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY: EFFLUENT LIMITATION
GUIDELINES AND NEW SOURCE STANDARDS
Environmental Protection Agency. 1973.
Federal Register 38(240):34541-34558.
EPA has proposed effluent limitations guidelines for the
petroleum refining industry for present point sources and
performance and pretreatment standards for new point sources.
An explanation for the proposed guidelines is included.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04437.
C-429-74
CLEANUP DOWN BY THE OLD MILL STREAM
Josephson, J. 1974.
Environmental Science and Technology 8(4):314-315.
Included is the discussion of EPA effluent guidelines and
criteria for the petroleum refining industry; the need for
better industry-government communication and cooperation is
described.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04478.
C-430-74
STATE PROTECTION FROM OIL SPILLS: ASKEW VS AMERICAN
WATERWAYS OPERATORS, INC.
Judy, A. D. 1974.
Environmental Law 4(3):433-444.
Ill
-------
Described is a recent Supreme Court decision which protected
the interests of the states from damage or injury by oil
spills occurring within territorial waters. Conflicts between
State and Federal oil spill and discharge regulations are
analyzed.
Citation Source: Environment. 1974. 4(9).
Entry #12-74-07635.
C-431-74
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN OFFSHORE PETROLEUM OPERATIONS
McKelvey, V. E. 1973.
Ocean Management 1(1):119-127.
The United States Geological Survey has devised a number of
safety systems to prevent accidents from occurring in offshore
petroleum operations. The survey is responsible for insuring
that such operations are conducted safely and it has the legal
power to enforce these regulations and develop inspection
systems so as to protect the offshore environment.
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(6).
Entry #74-05218.
C-432-74
PETROLEUM SYSTEMS RELIABILITY ANALYSIS, A PROGRAM FOR PREVENTION
OF OIL SPILLS USING AN ENGINEERING APPROACH TO A STUDY OF
OFFSHORE AND ONSHORE CRUDE OIL PETROLEUM SYSTEMS, VOLUME II -
APPENDICES
Ritchie, J. E., Jr., F. J. Allen, Jr., R. M. Fettes, R. Q.
Foote, and W. A. Shortt. 1973.
Environmental Protection Agency, Report EPA-R2-73-280b.
By examining causes of polluting spills from various oil
systems, the Environmental Protection Agency is presently
considering preparing a set of spill prevention plans to
prevent discharges of oil.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(15). Entry #W74-07957.
C-433-74
UPDATE-OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF LEASE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
Solanas, D. W. 1974.
Journal Petroleum Technology 26(4):388-395.
112
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Government studies and efforts by the petroleum industry to
develop standardized methods and regulations concerning
offshore safety and pollution control are discussed.
Citation Source: Environment. 1974. 4(7,8).
Entry #12-74-06732.
C-434-74
STEMMING HAZARDOUS SPILLS
Weismantel, G. E. 1974.
Chemical Engineering 81(ll):56-58.
The article discusses the legislation which was effective
October 18, 1974, increasing the penalty for hazardous
chemical spills from $50,000 to $5 million. Spill prevention
and contingency planning topics discussed at the 1974 con-
ference on the Control of Hazardous Material Spills are
included.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
113
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3. INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION
C-435-74
A BILL TO AMEND THE OIL POLLUTION ACT, 1961 (75 Stat. 402),
AS AMENDED TO IMPLEMENT THE 1969 AND 1971 AMENDMENTS TO THE
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF THE POLLUTION
OF THE SEA BY OIL, 1954, AS AMENDED; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Anonymous. 1973.
House Bill 5451, 93rd Congress, 1st Session. 13 p.
The provisions of the Oil Pollution Act Amendments of 1973
are outlined.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(18). Entry IW74-09312.
C-436-74
AMENDMENT TO THE OIL POLLUTION ACT, 1961 (15 Stat. 402),
(Final Environmental Impact Statement)
Anonymous. 1973.
NTIS EIS-AA-73-0703-F. 63 p.
The provisions and probable impact of the Amendment to the Oil
Pollution Act of 1961 are presented. The Amendment calls for
stronger penalties and oil record book requirements, and stricter
oil discharge provisions than the 1969 legislation.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10708.
C-437-74
INTERNATIONAL CAMPAIGN PROGRAM AGAINST POLLUTION OF THE SEAS
Anonymous. 1973.
Options. Mediterran. 19:89-91.
International legislation to control and regulate marine pollu-
tion is reviewed; included is the anti-pollution report by the
French Ministry for the Protection of Nature and the Environ-
ment. The discharge of hydrocarbon products is one of the major
marine pollutant problems considered.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(8). Entry #2886.
114
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C-438-74
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT AND MARINE POLLUTION
Hardy, M. 1973.
Ocean Development and International Law 1(3):239.
The paper, prepared for a regional conference on the African
petroleum industry, discusses types and causes of marine
pollution, national legislation and measures adopted by
several countries and international agencies to control the
pollution problem caused by offshore exploitation of minerals,
Citation Source:
Environment Abstracts.
Entry #12-74-08682.
1974. 4(10).
C-439-74
OIL ON THE SEAS
Livingston, D. 1974.
Environment 16(7):38-43.
The article presents the beneficial aspects and shortcomings
of a new document, the Ship Pollution Convention which is
awaiting ratification by the world's major shipping powers.
The convention is more comprehensive in technical regulations
and enforcement procedures of oil pollution prevention than
the present Oil Pollution Convention treaty.
Citation Source: Citation Journal.
C-440-74
LAW OF THE SEA:
INDUSTRY
PARTICULAR ASPECTS AFFECTING THE PETROLEUM
National Petroleum Council, Committee on Petroleum Resources
Under the Ocean Floor, and National Petroleum Council, Technical
Subcommittee on Petroleum Resources Under the Ocean Floor.
A study was conducted by the National Petroleum Council on oil
and gas development on continental margins "in respect to
international negotiations being conducted by the UN Seabed
Committee preparing for the forthcoming conference on the law
of the sea."
Citation Source: Pollution Abstracts. 1974. 5(5).
Entry #74-04512.
115
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C-441-74
OIL POLLUTION AS AN INTERNATIONAL PROBLEM: A STUDY OF PUGET
SOUND AND THE STRAIT OF GEORGIA
Ross, W. M. 1973.
Seattle: University of Washington Press. 291 p.
State and international laws designed to deal with oil
pollution problems are analyzed; particularly as they relate
to the Puget Sound and Strait of Georgia. No satisfactory
legislation concerning oil pollution control was found and
new programs and approaches are proposed to meet the oil
pollution program.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04558.
116
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4. FOREIGN LEGISLATION
C-442-74
THE JAPANESE LEGAL APPROACH TO MARINE POLLUTION
Alexander, C. E. 1973.
In: Sea Grant Publication UNC-SG-73-01. p. 209-213.
Discussed is anti-pollution legislation by Japan, including
a 1970 law preventing marine pollution by controlling oil
and waste discharges into the ocean from ships and offshore
facilities.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974,
7(20). Entry #W74-10702.
C-443-74
OIL REFINING INDUSTRY CONFIDENT IT CAN MEET EFFLUENT STANDARDS
Anonymous. 1973.
Canadian Petroleum 14(ll):40-43.
An outline is given of some of the new regulations oil
refiners in British Columbia are encountering, and various
process modifications adopted by the refiners to comply with
the legislation are described.
Citation Source: Environmental Health and Pollution Control.
1974. 5(10). Entry #3649.
C-444-74
SWEDEN: POLLUTION
Anonymous. 1973.
Bulletin of Legal Developments 23:4.
The summary describes a bill published by the Swedish Minister
of Justice which deals with liability and compensation for
damage caused by oil pollution of the seas.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04988.
117
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C-445-74
UNITED KINGDOM: SHIPPING
Anonymous. 1973.
Bulletin of Legal Developments. 22:10.
The effect of the Merchant Shipping Bill, published November,
1973, is to enable the United Kingdom to ratify the Inter-
national Convention on the Establishment of an International
Fund for Oil Pollution Damage, 1971, and to implement 1971
amendments to the International Convention for the Prevention
of Pollution of the Sea by Oil.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04986.
118
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G. BIBLIOGRAPHIES
C-446-74
OIL SPILLAGE: A BIBLIOGRAPHY, VOLUME 1
Anonymous. 1973.
U.S. Department of the Interior. Water Resources Scientific
Information Center. Bibliography Series WRSIC 73-207. 390 p.
The oil pollution bibliography is based on information from
Selected Water Resources Abstracts from February 15, 1973.
Citation Source: Oceanic Abstracts. 1974. 11(5).
Entry #74-04601.
C-447-74
DEEPWATER PORTS BIBLIOGRAPHY
Rote, J. W., D. L. Deyes, and L. B. Jack. 1974.
Assembly Select Committee on Deepwater Ports, California Legislature,
August, 1974.
A bibliography on deepwater ports has been compiled which contains
major sections on oil spills, oil pollution, and oil cleanup. A
listing of federal laws relevant to development or operation of
deepwater port facilities is included.
Citation Source: J. W. Rote, Assembly Select Committee on Deepwater
Ports, Sacramento, California 95814.
119
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SECTION II. CURRENT STATUS OF SOME OF THE RESEARCH PROJECTS
AS LISTED IN REPORT I
A. OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
1. MONITORING
R-005-74
EVALUATION OF AN INFRARED OIL FILM MONITOR
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Wright and Wright Environmental
Engineering, Newton Centre,
Massachusetts 02159
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $45,687
The research project has been completed and the final report
will be published by the National Technical Information Service,
5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22151.
Publications
EVALUATION OF AN INFRARED OIL FILM MONITOR
(Author Unknown). 1974.
IOC/WMO Marine Pollution Monitoring Symposium, May 13-17, 1974,
National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland (summary
to be included in Proceedings due to be published in January,
1974).
Summary not available.
EVALUATION OF AN INFRARED OIL FILM MONITOR
(Author Unknown). 1974.
Marine Technology Society National Conference, September 23-26,
1974, Washington, D. C. (report to be published in MTS
Journal in January, 1974).
Summary not available.
Information Source: J. A. Wright, Wright and Wright Environmental
Engineering, Newton Centre, Massachusetts
02159.
120
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R-006-74
IN-SITU DETECTION OF OIL SLICKS UTILIZING DIFFERENTIAL
EVAPORATION
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Environmental Research Institute, Ann
Arbor, Michigan 48107
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The project has been completed with the publication of the
Phase II report. Reports are available through the National
Technical Information Service.
Reports
IN-SITU DETECTION OF OIL SLICKS UTILIZING DIFFERENTIAL
EVAPORATION: PHASE I FEASIBILITY STUDY
Horvath, R., E. F. Lirette, and D. M. Zuk. 1974.
Technical report to supporting agency - January, 1974.
An empirical-analytical investigation to determine the
feasibility of applying an evaporative technique to in-situ
detection of oil slicks is described.
IN-SITU DETECTION OF OIL SLICKS UTILIZING DIFFERENTIAL
EVAPORATION: PHASE II SYSTEM DESIGN
Horvath, R., E. F. Lirette, and D. M. Zuk, 1974.
Technical report to supporting agency - March, 1974.
The system design of an in-situ oil slick sensor is described.
Information Source: R. Horvath, Environmental Research Institute
of Michigan, P.O. Box 618, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48107
R-008-74
SHIPBOARD WASTEWATER OIL DETECTOR
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: General Electric Company, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania 19123
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
121
-------
The project was completed in August, 1974, and the final contract
report (Task No. 4305.5/3) entitled "Shipboard Oil-in-water
Content Monitor Based on Small Angle Forward Light Scattering" is
available through the National Technical Information Service.
Information Source: F. B. Waechter, General Electric Company,
P.O. Box 8418, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19101
122
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2. REMOTE SENSING
R-012-74
AIRBORNE OIL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM/AOSS
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Aerojet General Corporation, El Monte,
California 91734
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $370,367
Flight evaluation of the system has recently been completed and
the data report based upon the flight test results is being
prepared. A technical paper on flight evaluation of the system
has been submitted to the forthcoming Conference on Prevention
and Control of Oil Pollution.
Reports
A MULTISENSOR SYSTEM FOR AIRBORNE SURVEILLANCE OF OIL
POLLUTION
Edgerton, A. T., R. Ketchal, and C. Catoe. 1973.
Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers 16th Annual
Technical Meeting and Equipment Display, 16-18 October, 1973.
San Francisco, California. 11 p.
A prototype Airborne Oil Surveillance System (AOSS) is being
developed which utilizes an x-band side-looking radar system,
a 37-GHz imaging microwave radiometer, a multichannel line
scanner and a multispectral low light level system.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE AIRBORNE OIL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM
VOLUME I - SYSTEM DEFINITIONS STUDIES
Aerojet Electrosystems Company, 1973.
Department of Transportation, U.S. Coast Guard Office of
Research and Development Report No. CG-D-45-74. Work Unit
No. 4204.4. 271 p.
Details of the prototype Airborne Oil Surveillance System
design are given.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE AIRBORNE OIL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM
VOLUME II - DESIGN REPORT
Aerojet Electrosystems Company. 1973.
Department of Transportation, U.S. Coast Guard Office of
123
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Research and Development Report No. CG-D-46-74. Work Unit
No. 4204.4. 393 p.
Details of the prototype Airborne Oil Surveillance System
design are given.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE AIRBORNE OIL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM
VOLUME III - SUBSYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
Aerojet Electrosystems Company. 1973.
Department of Transportation, U.S. Coast Guard Office of
Research and Development Report No. CG-D-47-74. Work Unit
No. 4204.4. 157 p.
Details of the prototype Airborne Oil Surveillance System
design are given.
Information Source: A. T. Edgerton, Aerojet Electrosystems
Company, Azusa, California 91702
124
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3. SAMPLING
R-017-74
DEVELOPMENT OF A SURFACE FILM OIL SAMPLER CAPABLE OF CONTINUOUS
IN-SITU SAMPLING
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Curtis Levantine and Associates,
Tarzana, California 91356
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The Final Report of the project has been completed and submitted
to the U.S. Coast Guard.
Information Source: A. D. Le Vantine, Curtis-Le Vantine and
Associates, 18225 Rancho St., Tarzana,
California 91356
R-018-74
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF A RESEARCH PROGRAM ON THE SOURCE,
DEGRADATIVE REMOVAL, AND SECONDARY CONSEQUENCES OF PETROLEUM
PRODUCTS IN LAKE WATER
Principal Investigator: Andersen, K. K.
Performing Organization: University of New Hampshire, Water
Resources Research Center, Durham,
New Hampshire 03824
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Office of
Water Resources Research, No. A-033-NH
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $1,200
Reports
A FEASIBILITY STUDY OF A RESEARCH PROGRAM ON THE SOURCE,
DEGRADATIVE REMOVAL, AND SECONDARY CONSEQUENCES OF PETROLEUM
PRODUCTS IN WATER
Andersen, K. K., P. R. Jones, G. G. Lyle, R. E. Lyle, and
C. W. Owens. 1973.
Final Report to supporting agency.
Using gas-liquid chromatograms, gasoline in lab-prepared
water-gasoline mixtures were detected down to 1 ppm. Water
samples from Lake Pawtuckaway, New Hampshire, when concentrated
by a factor of 600, yielded hydrocarbon contaminants in the 1
to 10 ppb range.
Information Source: K. K. Andersen, Department of Chemistry,
University of New Hampshire, Durham, New
Hampshire 03824
125
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4. ANALYSIS
R-020-74
NAVY ENVIRONMENT—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY OF THE OCEANS AND DETECTION
OF HYDROCARBON POLLUTION
Principal Investigator: Blumer, M.
Performing Organization: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy.
DN 723504 No. N00014-66-C-0241
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $56,000
The oil pollution project has been completed. All reports are
available through the National Technical Information Service.
Oil-pollution related publications (summaries not available)
OIL POLLUTION OF THE OCEAN
Blumer, M. 1969.
In: Oil on the Sea. D. P. Hoult (ed.). Plenum Press, p. 5-13.
OIL POLLUTION OF THE OCEAN
Blumer, M. 1969.
Oceanus 15:2-7.
OIL CONTAMINATION AND THE LIVING RESOURCES OF THE SEA.
A REVIEW
Blumer, M. 1970.
Presented at the FAO Technical Conference on Marine Pollution
and Its Effects on Living Resources and Fishing. Rome,
December 9-18, 1970.
HYDROCARBON POLLUTION OF EDIBLE SHELLFISH BY AN OIL SPILL
Blumer, M., G. Souza, and J. Sass. 1970.
Marine Biology 5:195-202.
SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF THE OIL SPILL PROBLEM
Blumer, M. 1971.
Environmental Affairs 1:54-73.
126
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A SMALL OIL SPILL
Bluraer, M., H. L. Sanders, J. F. Grassle, and G. R. Hampson.
1971.
Environment 13:2-12.
ARE SUBMARINE SEEPS A MAJOR SOURCE OF OPEN OCEAN OIL
POLLUTION?
Blumer, M. 1972.
Science 176:1257-1258.
INDIGENOUS AND PETROLEUM-DERIVED HYDROCARBONS IN A POLLUTED
SEDIMENT
Blumer, M., and J. Sass. 1972.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 3:92-94.
PERSISTENCE AND DEGRADATION OF SPILLED FUEL OIL
Blumer, M., and J. Sass. 1972.
Science 176:1120-1122.
THE WEST FALMOUTH OIL SPILL, DATA AVAILABLE IN NOVEMBER, 1971.
II. CHEMISTRY
Blumer, M., and J. Sass. 1972.
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Technical Report No. 72-19.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL FATE OF STRANDED CRUDE OIL
Blumer, M., M. Ehrhardt, and J. H. Jones. 1972.
Deep Sea Research (no other information provided)
PETROLEUM
Blumer, M., P. C. Blokker, E. B. Cowell, and D. F. Duckworth.
1972.
In: Manual on Methods of Analysis of Pollutants in the Marine
Environment. E. C. Goldberg (ed.). Gordon and Breech.
127
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PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN OYSTERS FROM GALVESTON BAY
Ehrhardt, M. 1972.
Environmental Pollution (no other information provided)
THE SOURCE IDENTIFICATION OF MARINE HYDROCARBONS BY GAS
CHROMATOGRAPHY AND SPECTROMETRY
Ehrhardt, M., and M. Blumer. 1972.
Environmental Pollution.
CORRELATION OF OILS AND OIL PRODUCTS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Zafiriou, 0., M. Blumer, and J. Myers. 1972.
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Technical Report,
July, 1972. No. 72-55.
Information Source: M. Blumer, Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
02543
R-022-74
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANT TRANSPORT AND DEPOSITION ON THE SEA
SURFACE
Principal Investigator: Duce, R. A.
Performing Organization: University of Rhode Island, School of
Oceanography, Kingston, Rhode Island
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation, Division
of National and International Progress,
GX-33777 A2
Period: 2/74 to 1/75 Funds: $11,600
Reports and Publications
SOLUBILIZATION OF HYDROCARBONS BY THE DISSOLVED ORGANIC
MATTER IN SEAWATER
Boehm, P. D., and J. G. Quinn. 1973.
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 37:2459-2477.
Using natural water samples and lab-prepared fulvic acid/
saline water solutions, it was found that n-alkane and
isoprenoid water solubilities were directly related to amounts
of dissolved organic matter (D.O.M.) in the water. Aromatic
hydrocarbon water solubility was unaffected by D.O.M.
128
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ENRICHMENT OF HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE
SURFACE MICROLAYER OF NARRAGANSETT BAY, RHODE ISLAND
Duce, R. A., J. G. Quinn, C. E. Olney, S. R. Piotrowicz,
B. J. Ray, and T. L. Wade. 1972.
Science 176:161-163.
Investigations of the surface microlayer (100 to 150
micrometers) indicate that enrichment is 1.5 to 50 times
greater for several pollutants, including hydrocarbons,
than for water 20 meters below the surface.
RESIDENCE TIME OF NON-METHANE HYDROCARBONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE
Duce, A., G. Quinn, and L. Wade. 1974.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 5(4):59-61.
Data on global hydrocarbon production and concentration in
the atmosphere in marine and non-urban areas are reviewed.
Atmospheric residence time of these hydrocarbons is estimated.
INTERCALIBRATION OF ANALYSES OF RECENTLY BIOSYNTHESIZED
HYDROCARBONS AND PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE LIPIDS
Farrington, J. W., J. M. Teal, J. G. Quinn, T. Wade, and
K. Burns. 1973.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
10(3):129-136.
An intercalibration study was made to determine the accuracy
and precision of hydrocarbon analyses being conducted in
different laboratories. Analyses from three laboratories
indicated agreement in their measurements of petroleum
contamination.
ANALYSIS OF HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE ORGANISMS: RESULTS OF
IDOE INTERCALIBRATION EXERCISES
Farrington, J. W., J. M. Teal, J. G. Quinn, P. L. Parker,
K. Winters, T. L. Wade, and K. Burns. 1974.
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Technical Report
WHOI-74-61.
An assessment of precision and accuracy of analyses measuring
hydrocarbons in marine organisms was conducted in this
intercalibration exercise.
129
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HYDROCARBON ANALYSES OF IDOE INTERCALIBRATION SAMPLES
OF COD LIVER OIL AND TUNA MEAL
Quinn, J. G., and T. L. Wade. 1974.
University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography,
Marine Memorandum Series No. 33.
Baseline pollutant studies of hydrocarbons included
testing cod liver oil containing crude oil and testing a
sample of tuna meal. Different hydrocarbon analyses were
used and each is discussed.
Information Source: R. A. Duce, Graduate School of Oceanography,
University of Rhode Island, Kingston,
Rhode Island 02881.
R-024-74
SHIP OPERATION SUPPORT
Principal Investigator: Geyer, R. A.
Performing Organization: Texas A & M University System, School
of Geosciences, College Station,
Texas 77843
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation, Division
of National and International Progress,
No. GD-31790
Period: 12/73 to 11/74 Funds: $125,000
The project is in progress at present.
Reports
NATURAL HYDROCARBON SEEPAGE IN THE GULF OF MEXICO
Geyer, R. A., and VI. E. Sweet, Jr. 1972.
Preprint prepared for the Society of Petroleum Engineers
of AIME on Environmental Quality, Lafayette, Louisiana,
November 13 to 14, 1972.
A current study was initiated to determine the circulation
patterns of the hydrocarbons along the continental shelf in
the Gulf of Mexico. The impact upon the environment is
studied.
NATURAL HYDROCARBON SEEPAGE IN THE GULF OF MEXICO
Geyer, R. A., and W. M. Sweet, Jr. 1973.
Transactions Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies,
23rd Annual Convention, October 24-26, 1973. p. 158-169.
130
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Hydrocarbon seep sites in the Gulf of Mexico have been
studied geologically and geophysically, and pertinent
chemical, biological and physical oceanographic character-
istics have been determined and outlined.
MARINE ACOUSTICAL HYDROCARBON DETECTION
Sweet, W. E., Jr. 1973.
Preprint prepared for the Fifth Annual Conference, Houston,
Texas. April 29-May 2, 1973. Paper No. OTC 1803.
The relationship between marine hydrocarbon seepage,
subsurface structure and bottom topography is presented.
TAR BALLS IN THE SEA: A NEW SOURCE CONCEPT
Sweet, W. E., Jr. 1974.
Preprint prepared for the Sixth Annual Offshore Technology
Conference, Houston, Texas, May 6-8, 1974.
Tar balls have been reported from most of the world's oceans.
The author contends that natural seepage could account for
a major portion of the tar balls found in the sea.
MARINE ACOUSTICAL SEEP DETECTION
Sweet, W. E., Jr. 1974.
The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin
58(6):113-1136.
Hydrocarbon seeps can be detected and pinpointed with the use
of high-resolution subbottom profiles. The detection of gas
bubbles is useful in hydrocarbon exploration and gas leak
detection.
Information Source: W. E. Sweet, Jr., Texas A & M University,
College of Geosciences, College Station,
Texas 77843.
R-025-74
INPUT AND LOSS OF PETROLEUM AND CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS TO THE
DEEP NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
Principal Investigator: Harvey, G. R.
131
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Performing Organization: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation, Division
of National and International Progress,
No. GX-35212A1
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $70,150
Reports and Publications
INPUT AND LOSS OF PETROLEUM AND CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
TO THE DEEP NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
Harvey, G. R., J. W. Farrington, and J. M. Teal. 1974.
Progress report to the National Science Foundation, Office
for the International Decade of Ocean Exploration covering
period 15 July 1973 to 31 October 1974.
Progress has been made toward the understanding of the
transport of continental pollutants to the deep sea by
sinking processes. Nearshore, slope and deep sea sediments
have been analyzed for hydrocarbons, and a collection of
abyssal plain benthos has been made and will be analyzed.
ANALYSIS OF HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE ORGANISMS, RESULTS OF
IDOE INTERCALIBRATION EXERCISES
Farrington, J. W., J. M. Teal, J. G. Quinn, P. L. Parker,
K. Winters, T. L. Wade, and K. Burns. 1974.
Proceedings of the Marine Pollution Monitoring (Petroleum)
Symposium and Workshop, May 13-17, 1974.
For summary see Reports and Publications, R-22-74.
HYDROCARBONS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Farrington, J. W., and P. A. Meyers. 1974.
In: Environmental Organic Chemistry of Oceans, Fjords and
Anoxic Basins. G. Eglinton (ed.). Volume I of Environmental
Chemistry, Special Report No. 35. The Chemical Society,
London (in press).
Summary not available.
SOME PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE COLLECTION OF MARINE SAMPLES
AND ANALYSIS OF HYDROCARBONS
Farrington, J. W. 1974.
Proceedings of Conference/Workshop on Marine Environmental
Implication of Offshore Drilling in the Eastern Gulf of
132
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Mexico. University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida,
R. E. Smith (ed.). (Available from State University of
Florida Institute of Oceanography, St. Petersburg, Florida.
p. 269-278.
Summary not available.
IDOE-5 INTERCALIBRATION SAMPLE: RESULTS OF ANALYSIS AFTER
SIXTEEN MONTHS STORAGE
Medeiros, G. C., and J. W. Farrington. 1974.
Proceedings of the Marine Pollution Monitoring (Petroleum)
Symposium and Workshop, May 13-17, 1974.
Summary not available.
Information Source: G. R. Harvey, Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
02543.
R-033-74
MARINE ENVIRONMENT PETROLEUM SENSORS
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Stanford Research Institute, Menlo
Park, California 94025
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The project is in progress at present and status reports will
be forthcoming as progress is achieved. The reports will be
available from the U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard.
Reports
IDENTIFICATION OF MINERAL OILS BY FIELD IONIZATION MASS
SPECTROMETRY
Anbar, M., M. E. Scolnick, and A. C. Scott. 1974.
Proceedings of the Marine Pollution Monitoring Symposium,
Gaithersburg, Maryland, May, 1974.
Field ionization mass spectrometry is used for qualitative
analysis of oil samples in order to develop a "fingerprint"
method for identifying the origin of oil spills.
Information Source: J. A. Eikelman, Jr., Stanford Research
Institute, Menlo Park, California 94025
133
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R-034-74
STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TAR
SAMPLES FOUND IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Shell Oil Company, Houston, Texas
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The Coast Guard sponsored project has been completed and the
Final Report (Department of Transportation, U.S. Coast Guard,
No. S-14133) is available by contacting the National Technical
Information Service.
Information Source: G. Edwards, Shell Development Co.,
3737 Bellaire Blvd., Houston, Texas 77025
R-035-74
WEATHERING OF OIL AT SEA
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Esso Research and Engineering Co.,
Linden, New Jersey 07036
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
Reports
FACTORS GOVERNING THE FATE OF OIL AT SEA; VARIATIONS IN THE
AMOUNTS AND TYPES OF DISSOLVED OR DISPERSED MATERIALS
DURING THE WEATHERING PROCESS
Frankenfeld, J. W. 1973.
Proceedings, Joint Conference for Prevention and Control of
Oil Spills, Washington, D. C. p. 485-495.
Investigations have been conducted on some of the factors
influencing the amounts and types of compounds found in
the water extracts from several crude and refined oils.
Effects of oxidation and the characteristics of the original
oil appear to be the most important factors.
IDENTIFICATION OF WEATHERED OIL FILMS FOUND IN THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT
Frankenfeld, J. W., and W. Schulz. 1974.
Final Report to Department of Transportation, Coast Guard,
134
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Summary not available.
Information Source: J. W. Frankenfeld, Exxon Research and
Engineering Company, P.O. Box 8, Linden,
New Jersey 07036.
135
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B. OIL POLLUTION CONTROL
1. CONTAINMENT
R-042-74
EFFECTS OF CURRENTS AND WAVES ON FLOATING OIL SLICKS RETAINED
BY A BARRIER
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Texas A & M University System,
Graduate School, College Station,
Texas 77843
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The project has been completed and a final report was submitted
to the U.S. Coast Guard in April, 1974.
Reports (summaries not available)
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF CURRENTS ON AN OIL SLICK
RETAINED BY A PHYSICAL BARRIER
Agrawal, R. K. 1973.
Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas A & M University. August, 1973.
A NEW CRITERION FOR PREDICTING HEADWAVE INSTABILITY OF AN
OIL SLICK RETAINED BY A BARRIER
Agrawal, R. K., and L. A. Hale. 1974.
Offshore Technology Conference Paper No. OTC 1983, Houston,
May, 1974.
THE ENTRAPMENT OF OIL DROPLETS IN FLOW BENEATH AN OIL SLICK
Chao, C. H. 1973.
M.S. Thesis, Texas A & M University. August, 1973.
HYDRODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF OIL SLICK MECHANICAL CONTROL DEVICES
Hale, L. A. 1974.
Interim Technical Report, Report No. CG-D-64-74, U.S. Coast
Guard.
136
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THE EFFECTS OF CURRENTS AND WAVES ON AN OIL SLICK RETAINED
BY A BARRIER
Hale, L. A., D. J. Norton, and C. A. Rodenberger. 1974.
Final Report, Contract DOT-CG-23357A, U.S. Coast Guard.
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF PROGRESSIVE WAVES ON
AN OIL SLICK RETAINED BY AN ABSORBER BEACH
(Author unknown). 1973.
M.S. Thesis, Texas A & M University.
Information Source: L. A. Hale, College of Engineering,
Texas A & M University , College Station,
Texas 77843
R-045-74
OIL CONTAINMENT SYSTEM
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Texas A & M University System, Graduate
School, College Station, Texas 77843
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $12,600
Two final reports resulted from the project and have been sub-
mitted to the U.S. Coast Guard.
Reports and Publications (summaries not available)
PNEUMATIC BARRIERS FOR OIL CONTAINMENT UNDER WIND, WAVE,
AND CURRENT CONDITIONS
Basco, D. R. 1971.
Proceedings, Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of
Oil Spills, p. 381-391.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE TEXAS A & M LOW TENSION OIL
CONTAINMENT BARRIER
Fowler, J. R. 1971.
Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas A & M University.
A SYSTEMS ENGINEERING SOLUTION TO OPEN-SEA OIL SPILLS
Rodenberger, C. A. 1971.
Journal of Hydronautics 5(4):132-139.
137
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TWO DIMENSIONAL WIND SET-UP OF OIL ON WATER
Sorensen, R. M., and E. B. Spencer. 1971.
Proceedings, Waterways, Harbors, and Coastal Engineering
Division, ASCE. August, p. 517-530.
HEAVY DUTY OIL CONTAINMENT SYSTEM-PNEUMATIC BARRIER SYSTEM
Wilson Industries, Inc. 1970.
Final Report, Part 1, Contract DPT-CG-00, 490-A (October).
LIGHT WEIGHT OIL CONTAINMENT SYSTEM-LOW TENSION BARRIER
SYSTEM FOR THE UNITED STATES COAST GUARD
Wilson Industries, Inc. 1970.
Final Report, Part 1, Contract DOT-CG-00, 490-A (October).
Information Source: L. A. Hale, College of Engineering, Texas
A & M University, College Station,
Texas 77843
R-047-74
OIL SPILL CONTAINMENT
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: U.S. Air Force, Flight Training
Command, Edwards, California 93523
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $21,701
The Air Force Flight Test Center at Edwards AFB was involved
only in providing aircraft support for the drop tests. Any
report resulting from these tests would have been prepared by
the U.S. Coast Guard. Information concerning the oil spill
containment test can be obtained from: Commander Gary Bush,
U.S. Coast Guard/GFCP-2/71, 400 Seventh St. S.W., Washington,
D. C. 20590.
Information Source:
J. R. Hagan, Captain, U.S. Air Force,
BSC, Department of the Air Force, USAF
Hospital, Edwards Air Force Base,
California 93523.
138
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R-049-74
MECHANICAL CONTROL OF OIL SPILLS UTILIZING A STREAMLINE BOOM
Principal Investigator: Wooten, D.
Performing Organization: Ultrasystems, Incorporated, Newport
Beach, California 92660
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 68-01-0182, 72P19584
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The contract has been completed and a final report was
submitted. A second contract has been provided by the Environ-
mental Protection Agency, and is for the further development
of the streamlined oil retention boom. Work was begun in
March, 1974, and will progress for eighteen months. No reports
have yet been published.
Reports
MECHANICAL CONTROL OF OIL SPILLS UTILIZING A STREAMLINE BOOM
Wooten, D. C. 1972.
Final Report to supporting agency (December, 1972).
Described is a streamlined oil retention boom consisting of
a hydrofoil followed by a rigid sump to collect oil during
a 2 kt or greater current, or while being towed.
Information Source: B. A. Folsom, Ultrasystems, Incorporated,
Newport Beach, California 92660.
139
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2. CLEANUP
R-051-74
DESIGN A MOBILE WASHING SYSTEM
Principal Investigator: Dean, R. C.
Performing Organization: Ecological Research Corporation,
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Water Programs
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $43,100
The project was terminated in 1972, and a report was issued
from the Office of Research and Monitoring in May, 1973.
Reports
DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE SYSTEM FOR CLEANING OIL CONTAMINATED
BEACHES
Dean, R. C. 1973.
Environmental Protection Agency Report R2-73-233.
The report describes the development and operation of a
system for restoring oil contaminated beach sands. The
sand washing process has been shown to be capable of
removing over 99% of the contaminating oil from simulated
beach sand.
Information Source: F. X. Dolan, Creare, Incorporated, Hanover,
New Hampshire 03755.
R-052-74
INVESTIGATIONS OF METHODS OF CLEANING OIL-CONTAMINATED BIRDS
Principal Investigator: Ferrel, C. M.
Performing Organization: State Department of Fish and Game,
Sacramento, California 95819
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Sport Fishing and Wildlife, Federal Aid
Division, No. W-52-R-17-1-5
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $2,584
Research efforts on oiled wildlife problems have been completed.
Reports
GUIDELINES FOR CLEANING AND TREATMENT OF OILED BIRDS
State of California - Resources Agency. Department of Fish
and Game. 1974.
140
-------
In: Oil and Hazardous Materials Contingency Plan. p. 40-50.
The initial treatment, cleaning procedure and post cleaning
care of oil contaminated birds are described. Organizations
to be contacted to coordinate treatment activities are listed.
Information Source: C. M. Ferrel, State of California - Resources
Agency, Department of Fish and Game,
987 Jedsmith Dr., Sacramento, California
95819.
C-053-74
SEPARATION OF OIL FROM WASTEWATERS
Principal Investigator: Gloyna, E. F.
Performing Organization: University of Texas, School of
Engineering, Austin, Texas 78712
Supporting Agency: University of Texas
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The project terminated in June of 1972 resulting in a final
report of the same title.
Reports
SEPARATION OF OIL FROM WASTEWATERS WITH CRUSHED GRAPHITE
ORE
Gloyna, E. F., S. 0. Brady, and P. M. Pereda. 1972.
Final Report to supporting agency.
The program's objective was to develop a comprehensive
evaluation of the filtering capacities of graphite ore.
Emphasis was directed toward the development of engineering
design data. Special attention was focused on high rate
filtration of oily wastewaters.
Information Source: E. F. Gloyna, University of Texas Center
for Research in Water Resources, Austin,
Texas 78757.
R-055-74
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF PROTOTYPE SYSTEMS AND DEVICES DEVELOPED
TO REMOVE AND SEPARATE SPILLED OIL
Principal Investigator: Markel, A., and R. A. Bianchi
Performing Organization: Reynolds International, Richmond,
Virginia 23261
141
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Supporting Agency: American Petroleum Institute
Period: 1/73 to 12/73 Funds: $150,000
Research efforts on the oil pollution related project have
been completed.
Information Source: A. L. Markel, Reynolds International, Inc.,
P.O. Box 27002, Richmond, Virginia 23261.
R-056-74
DEVELOPMENT OF CLASSIFICATION SCALE FOR CHARACTERIZING
BILGEWATERS USED IN EVALUATING OIL REMOVAL TECHNIQUES
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: General American Transportation
Corporation, Chicago, Illinois 60648
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The project was completed, and the final report submitted to
the sponsoring agency in January, 1974.
Reports
DEVELOPMENT OF CLASSIFICATION SCALE FOR CHARACTERIZING
BILGEWATERS USED IN EVALUATING OIL REMOVAL TECHNIQUES
Budininkas, P., and G. A. Remus. 1974.
Final Report to Department of Transportation, U.S. Coast
Guard.
A method for empirically classifying bilgewaters by observing
the rate of oil separation from water-oil emulsions was
developed. A compact demulsification measurement instrument
was constructed and curves plotted for the separation rates
of different oils from water-oil emulsions.
Information Source: P. Budininkas, Environmental Controls Systems,
General America Transportation Corporation,
7449 North Natchez Ave., Niles, Illinois
60648.
142
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C. EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION
1. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
R-058-74
NAVY ENVIRONMENT. WORKSHOP ON THE MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF
OIL POLLUTANTS
Principal Investigator: Ahearn, D. G.
Performing Organization: Georgia State University, School of
Arts, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy,
DN223668, N00014-73-C-0066
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $15,500
Publications
THE MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS
Ahearn, D. G., and S. P. Meyers. 1973.
Center for Wetland Resources, Louisiana State University
Publication #LSU-SG-73-01. 322 p.
The proceedings of the workshop consist of thirty-two papers
which describe research conducted on microbial degradation
of oil. Other topics concerning oil-related investigations
discussed at the workshop are included.
Information Source: D. G. Ahearn, Georgia State University,
33 Gilmer Street, S.E., Atlanta, Georgia
30303.
R-061-74
CLINICAL STUDY OF TOXICITY TO BIOTA OF OIL IN WATER - PROJECT
NO. 05-20C
Principal Investigator: Anderson, 0.
Performing Organization: Texas A & M University System,
Center for Marine Resources, College
Station, Texas 77843
Supporting Agency: American Petroleum Institute
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
Reports and Publications
CLINICAL STUDY OF TOXICITY TO BIOTA OF OIL IN WATER - PROJECT
NO. 05-20C
Petrocelli, S. R., J. W. Anderson, W. M. Sackett, B. J.
Presley, and C. S. Giam. 1974.
143
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Progress Report prepared for presentation at the IDOE
Pollutant Effects Meeting in Sidney, British Columbia,
Canada, 11-15 August 1974.
Included in the study is the determination of relative
toxicities of various petroleum hydrocarbons, determination
of the sensitivities of several test organisms to these
compounds, and measurements of physiological parameters
as modified by oil pollutants.
THE EFFECTS OF OIL ON ESTUARINE ANIMALS: TOXICITY, UPTAKE
AND DEPURATION, RESPIRATION
Anderson, J. W., J. M. Neff, B. A. Cox, H. E. Tatem, and
G. M. Hightower. 1973.
Report submitted to the symposium, "Effects of Pollutants
on the Physiological Ecology of Estuarine Organisms",
University of South Carolina, November, 1973.
The research is concerned with short-term toxicity studies
to determine the range of tolerance of organisms to oil,
rates of accumulation and release of oil, and to measure
the extent and nature of physiological changes of organisms
exposed to sublethal oil concentrations.
ACCUMULATION AND RELEASE OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS BY EDIBLE
MARINE ANIMALS
Anderson, J. W., and J. M. Neff. 1974.
Report submitted to an international symposium, "Recent
Advances in the Assessment of the Health Effects of
Environmental Pollution", Paris, June, 1974.
The investigation determined the petroleum hydrocarbon com-
position of tissues of oil-exposed marine organisms, and
the rates of hydrocarbon release of animals that were
returned to oil-free seawater. The potential health hazards
arising from the consumption of oil-contaminated marine
animals are discussed.
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF OIL, HEAVY METALS AND PCB'S ON MARINE
ORGANISMS
Anderson, J. W., J. M. Neff, and S. R. Petrocelli. 1974.
Report submitted to the symposium, "The Mechanisms of
Survival in Toxic Environments", December, 1973. (In
press as a symposium volume, 1974).
144
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A review is presented of the research conducted on the
sublethal effects of three major pollutant classes commonly
found in estuarine environments. Results indicate that
levels of petroleum hydrocarbons in animal tissues may act
to temporarily alter the regulatory ability of test
individuals; the class of hydrocarbons accumulated to the
greatest extent and retained the longest in animals being
the napthalenes.
CHARACTERISTICS OF DISPERSIONS AND WATER-SOLUBLE EXTRACTS
OF CRUDE AND REFINED OILS AND THEIR TOXICITY TO ESTUARINE
CRUSTACEANS AND FISH
Anderson, J. W., J. M. Neff, B. A. Cox, H. E. Tatem, and
G. M. Hightower. 1974.
Marine Biology 27:75-88.
Studies were conducted on the quantitative hydrocarbon
composition and behavior in seawater of water-soluble
fractions (WSF) and oil-in-water dispersions (OWD) of two
crude and two refined oils. Results showed that the WSF's
and OWD's of the refined oils were more toxic to six test
species than were those of the crude oils.
Information Source: J. W. Anderson, Department of Biology,
Texas A & M University, College Station,
Texas 77843.
R-066-74
DEMONSTRATION OF OILY WASTE DISPOSAL BY SOIL CULTIVATION PROCESS
Principal Investigator: Baldwin, B.
Performing Organization: Shell Oil Co., Deer Park, Texas 77536
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 12050 EZG, 72P21245
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The project by Shell Oil Company was completed in 1972.
Reports
DEMONSTRATION OF OILY WASTE DISPOSAL BY SOIL CULTIVATION
PROCESS
Baldwin, B. 1972.
Environmental Protection Technology Series EPA-R2-72-110.
145
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Oily sludges were decomposed in Deer Park, Texas, soils
at the rate of about 0.5 Ibs/ft^/month without fertilizers
and about 1.0 Ibs/ft3/month in fertilized soils. Differ-
ences were minimal in decomposition rate and microbial
species due to hydrocarbon type as present in crude,
bunker C, and waxy paraffinate oils.
Information Source: R. V. Mattern, Shell Chemical Company,
P.O. Box 2633, Deer Park, Texas 77536
R-067-74
R-068-74
NAVY ENVIRONMENT: BIODEGRADATION OF OIL SLICKS IN THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT
Principal Investigator: Bartha, R.
Performing Organization: Rutgers-The State University, School
of Arts, New Brunswick, New Jersey
08903
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy, DN023175,
N00014-67-A-0115-0005
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $17,986
Publications (summaries not available)
BIODEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM BY TWO MARINE BACTERIAL ISOLATES
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1971.
162nd A.C.S., National Meeting, Washington, D. C. MICR 21.
BIODEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM IN SEAWATER AT LOW TEMPERATURES
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1972.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology 18:1851-1855.
DEGRADATION AND MINERALIZATION OF PETROLEUM IN SEAWATER:
LIMITATION BY NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1972.
Biotechnology and Bionengineering 14:297-308.
LIMITING FACTORS OF OIL BIODEGRADATION IN THE SEA
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1972.
Bacteriological Proceedings E13.
146
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ABUNDANCE, DISTRIBUTION, AND OIL DEGRADATION POTENTIAL OF
MICROORGANISMS IN RARITAN BAY
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1973.
Environmental Pollution 4:291-300.
EFFECTS OF SOME COMMERCIAL OIL HERDERS, DISPERSANTS AND
BACTERIAL INOCULA ON BIODEGRADATION
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1973.
In: The Microbial Degradation of Oil Pollutants (D. G.
Ahearn and S. P. Meyers, eds.), Louisiana State University
Publication, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, p. 283-289.
FATE AND EFFECTS OF POLLUTING PETROLEUM IN THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1973.
Residue Reviews 49:49-85.
INHIBITION BY FATTY ACIDS OF THE BIODEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1973.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 39:257-271.
STIMULATED BIODEGRADATION OF OIL SLICKS USING OLEOPHILIC
FERTILIZERS
Atlas, R. M., and R. Bartha. 1973.
Environmental Science and Technology 7:538-541.
BIODEGRADATION OF POLLUTING OIL
Bartha, R., and R. M. Atlas. 1972.
Naval Research Reviews 25(6,7):17-22.
BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN SEAWATER: LIMITING FACTORS AND
ARTIFICIAL STIMULATION
Bartha, R.s and R. M. Atlas. 1973.
In: The Microbial Degradation of Oil Pollutants (D. G.
Ahearn and S. P. Meyers, eds.), Louisiana State University
Publication, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, p. 147-152.
147
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BIODEGRADATION OF SOME POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC PETROLEUM
COMPONENTS BY MARINE BACTERIA
Dean-Raymond, D., and R. Bartha. (In press)
Developments in Industrial Microbiology 16.
PRISTANE: DIAUXIC UTILIZATION AND DEGRADATION PATHWAY
BY BREVIBACTERIUM SP.
Pirnik, M. P., R. M. Atlas, and R. Bartha. 1973.
Bacteriological Proceedings, p. 179.
HYDROCARBON METABOLISM BY BREVIBACTERIUM ERYTHROGENES:
NORMAL AND BRANCHED ALKANES
Pirnik, M. P., and R. Bartha. 1974.
Journal of Bacteriology 118:868-878.
METABOLISM OF ALKYLNAPTHALENES BY BACTERIA FROM A
POLLUTED ESTUARY
Raymond, D. D., and R. Bartha. 1974.
Bacteriological Proceedings, p. 100.
Information Source: R. Bartha, Agricultural Experiment
Station, Rutgers-The State University,
New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.
R-069-74
INDUSTRY PEST AND MICROBIOLOGY PROBLEMS
Principal Investigator: Beckman, C.
Performing Organization: University of Rhode Island Agri-
cultural Experiment Station, Kingston,
Rhode Island 02881
Supporting Agency: Rhode Island State Government No. 0024708,
RI00604
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
The Rhode Island State Government project no longer supports
work on oil pollution research, but is continuing to support
work on other industrial problems.
Information Source: R. W. Traxler, Plant Pathology - Entomology,
University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881.
148
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R-074-74
FATE AND EFFECT OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE COASTAL GULF
OF MEXICO
Principal Investigator: Brown, L. R.
Performing Organization: Mississippi State University School
of Arts, State College, Mississippi
39762
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $97,584
The EPA project will not be completed until 31 August 1975.
Information Source: L. R. Brown, College of Arts and Sciences,
Mississippi State University, Mississippi
State, Mississippi.
R-078-74
EFFECTS OF VARYING LEVELS OF PETROLEUM ON WILDLIFE AND PLANTS
OF LOUISIANA COASTAL MARSHES
Principal Investigator: Chabreck, R. H.
Performing Organization: Louisiana State University, Agri-
cultural Experiment Station, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803
Supporting Agency: Louisiana State Government No. 0061671
LAB01594
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The oil spill project has been completed.
Reports and Publications (summaries not available)
BIRD USAGE OF MARSH PONDS SUBJECTED TO OIL SPILLS
Chabreck, R. H. 1973.
Proceedings. Louisiana Academy of Sciences 36:101-110.
THE EFFECTS OF VARYING LEVELS OF CRUDE OIL ON PLANTS
OF THE LOUISIANA COASTAL MARSHES
Gebhart, J. L. 1973.
M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge,
Louisiana. 77 p.
149
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THE EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON DISSOLVED OXYGEN LEVELS
Gebhart, J. L., and R. H. Chabreck. 1973.
Proceedings. Annual Conference of the Southeastern
Association of Game and Fish Commissioners. 4 p.
Information Source: R. H. Chabreck, Department of Forestry
and Wildlife Management, Louisiana State
University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803.
R-082-74
TOXICITY OF CRUDE OIL AND OIL EMULSIFIERS TO VARIOUS LIFE
STAGES OF MARINE ORGANISMS
Principal Investigator: Culley, D. D.
Performing Organization: Louisiana State University, Agri-
cultural Experiment Station, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803
Supporting Agency: Louisiana State Government, No. 0031728
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
The oil pollution project has been terminated.
Reports and Publications
TOXICITY OF VARIOUS OFFSHORE CRUDE OILS AND DISPERSANTS
TO MARINE AND ESTUARINE SHRIMP
Mills, E. F., and D. 0. Culley, Jr. 1971.
Proceedings. 25th Annual Conference of the Southeastern
Association of Game and Fish Commissioners, October 17-20,
1971, Charleston, South Carolina, p. 642-650.
Results from forty-eight hour bioassays, measuring the acute
effects of four crude oils and two oil spill removers on
four species of shrimp, showed distinctive differences in
toxicity between crude oils from different areas. The oil
spill removers were much more toxic than the crude oils, and
crude oil and spill removers together had a synergistic
toxic effect on the shrimp.
THE EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON THE PALATABILITY OF THREE
COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT CRUSTACEANS OF THE GULF OF MEXICO
Knieper, L. H., and D. D. Culley, Jr.
In review.
In a study which exposed three crustaceans to sublethal
concentrations of two crude oils, a triangular taste test
150
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with a panel of judges indicated a significant difference in
the effect of the two oils on the taste of each species of
shrimp, but not on crabs. The taste of the crabs was the
least affected by the oil addition.
Information Source: D. D. Culley, Louisiana State University,
Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803.
R-085-74
THE SEDIMENT ENVIRONMENT OF PORT VALDEZ AND GALENA BAY, ALASKA
AND THE EFFECT OF OIL ON THIS ECOSYSTEM
Principal Investigator: Feder, H. M.
Performing Organization: University of Alaska, School of
Biological Sciences, College, Alaska
99701
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 800944
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $57,231
The project is an ongoing one with no publications to date.
The project is now restricted to studies of Port Valdez.
Completion of the final report is expected during the latter
half of 1975.
Information Source: H. M. Feder, University of Alaska,
Fairbanks, Alaska 99701.
R-089-74
ASSESSMENT OF INTERTIDAL ANIMALS AND PLANTS FOLLOWING
CONTAMINATION BY OIL
Principal Investigator: Hand, C.
Performing Organization: University of California, Bodega
Marine Laboratory, Bodega Bay,
California 94923
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 15080 HFS
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The project was completed and the final report submitted in
February, 1973. No papers have been published from the study.
151
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Reports
ASSESSMENT OF INTERTIDAL ANIMALS AND PLANTS FOLLOWING
CONTAMINATION BY OIL
Hand, C.
Final Report to Environmental Protection Agency.
To determine some effects of the San Francisco oil spill,
January, 1971, a study examined the reproductive conditions
of four species occupying different positions in the food
web in oiled, moderately oiled and unoiled sites from July,
1971 to July, 1972. It was found that reproduction and
recruitment of marine invertebrates may be affected by oil
pollutants directly through physiological effects or
indirectly through food organisms.
Information Source: C. Hand, Bodega Marine Laboratory, P.O.
Box 247, Bodega Bay, California 94923.
R-090-74
PHYTOPLANKTON ECOLOGY AT PRUDHOE BAY, ALASKA
*.
Principal Investigator: Homer, R.
Performing Organization: University of Alaska, Institute of
Marine Sciences, College, Alaska 99735
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Sea Grant Office, No. 1-36109
Period: 9/72 to 8/73 Funds: $19,600
The project has been completed and the final report is available
from the University of Alaska Sea Grant Program. The title is
"Biology of Plankton in Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, and Surrounding
Coastal Waters". The report developed into a baseline study
of the phyto- and zooplankton populations in terms of species
present, numbers of organisms and productivity.
Information Source: R. A. Horner, 14816 Bothwell Way, N.E.,
Seattle, Washington 98155.
R-092-74
TOXICITY STUDIES ON STRIPED BASS
Principal Investigator: Hughes, J. S.
Performing Organization: State Wildlife and Fish Commission,
New Orleans, Louisiana 70130
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Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau
of Sport Fishing and Wildlife, Federal
Aid Division, No. F-15-6-4
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $5,250
Studies on the striped bass have been completed and the final
report is being prepared.
Publications
TOXICITY OF SOME CHEMICALS TO STRIPED BASS (ROCCUS SAXATILIS)
Hughes, J. S. 1969.
Proceedings. 22nd Conference of the Southeastern Association
of Game and Fish Commissioners, p. 230-234.
Included in the study was the determination of the toxicity
of oil field brine, based on chloride content on old striped
bass for a period of one month. Results demonstrated that
the salts found in oil field brine were less toxic than
equivalent amounts of chloride, as constituted from sodium
chloride.
Information Source: J. S. Hughes, Louisiana Wildlife and
Fisheries Commission, 400 Royal St., New
Orleans, Louisiana 70130.
R-095-74
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE WATER SOLUBLE HYDROCARBONS ON
MARINE INVERTEBRATES
Principal Investigator: Kittredge, J. S.
Performing Organization: University of Texas, School of
Medicine, Galveston, Texas 77550
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation, Division
of National and International Progress,
No. GX-37851
Period: 3/73 to 2/74 Funds: $26,800
Reports
BIOASSAYS INDICATIVE OF SOME SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF OIL
POLLUTION
Kittredge, J. S., and F. T. Takahashi. 1974.
Presented to the Tenth Annual Conference of the Marine
Technology Society, September 23-25, 1974, Washington, D.C.
153
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Investigations were conducted examining the effects of the
water soluble component of crude oils on chemically
triggered behavioral responses of crabs. Exposure of crabs
to the water-soluble extracts of two crude oils completely
inhibited both the "feeding response" and the "mating stance"
response of males when presented with a female sex pheromone.
Information Source: J. S. Kittredge, Comparative Marine
Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University
of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
77550
R-099-74
THE IMPACT OF MICROORGANISMS ON OIL
Principal Investigator: Meyers, S. P.
Performing Organization: Louisiana State University, School of
Agriculture, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
70803
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 800993, 92P14726
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The EPA project has been completed and a final report is
presently being prepared.
Publications
THE MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS
Ahearn, D. G., and S. P. Meyers. 1973.
Center for Wetland Resources. Louisiana State University
Publication #LSU-SG-73-01. 322 p.
For summary see Publications. R-058-74.
Information Source: S. P. Meyers, Food Science Department,
Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge,
Louisiana 70803.
R-100-74
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON AQUATIC ORGANISMS OF THE CENTRAL
ALASKAN FISHERIES
Principal Investigator: Morrow, J. E.
Performing Organization: University of Alaska, School of
Biological Sciences, College, Alaska
99701
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Water Programs, No. 801039
154
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Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
The project was completed in May, 1973, and the final report
was published in January, 1974.
Reports and Publications
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL AND SOME OF ITS COMPONENTS ON YOUNG
COHO AND SOCKEYE SALMON
Morrow, J. E. 1974.
Final Report. Ecological Research Series, EPA-660/3-73-018.
Young coho and sockeye salmon were exposed to different
amounts of Prudhoe Bay field crude oil. Fresh oil concen-
trations of 500 ppm or greater produced significant
mortalities. Alteration of cell membrane permeability
is regarded as a possible toxic effect of oil.
OIL-INDUCED MORTALITIES IN JUVENILE COHO AND SOCKEYE SALMON
Morrow, J. E. 1973.
Journal of Marine Research 31(3):135-143.
Studies indicated that the mortality of young salmon, when
subjected to various concentrations of oil and different
water temperatures, increased significantly over control
groups of salmon.
Information Source: J. E. Morrow, Zoology Department, University
of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska 99701.
R-101-74
MARINE PETROLEUM POLLUTION - BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND CHEMICAL
CHARACTERIZATION
Principal Investigators: Nicol, J. A., and C. Van Baalen.
Performing Organization: University of Texas, Marine Science
Institute, Port Aransas, Texas 78373
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation, Division
of National and International Progress,
No. GX-37345
Period: 2/73 to 1/74 Funds: $142,150
155
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Reports
MARINE PETROLEUM POLLUTION: BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND
CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION
Nicol, J.A., and C. Van Baalen. 1974.
Progress Report submitted to the National Science Foundation.
NSF-IDOE 37345.
Growth experiments revealed that when seawater is brought
into equilibrium with a sample of No. 2 fuel oil, the
mixture becomes toxic and inhibits growth of representative
types of microalgae. The growth of most organisms was
inhibited by various amounts of water solubles from Kuwait
or Southern Louisiana crude oil when in direct contact with
them.
Information Source: C. Van Baalen, University of Texas,
Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas,
Texas 78373.
R-102-74
MICROBIOLOGICAL SEEDING TO ACCELERATE DEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBONS
Principal Investigator: Oppenheimer, C.
Performing Organization: University of Texas, Marine Science
Institute, Port Aransas, Texas 78373
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 15080EHF, 72P21565
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The EPA sponsored project was completed in 1973.
Reports and Publications (summaries not available)
UTILIZATION OF CRUDE OIL HYDROCARBONS BY MIXED CULTURES OF
MARINE BACTERIA
Kator, H. 1972.
Thesis. Florida State University. 237 p.
MICROBIAL SEEDING TO ACCELERATE HYDROCARBON DEGRADATION
Miget, R. 1971.
Thesis. Florida State University. 126 p.
156
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MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF NORMAL PARAFFIN HYDROCARBONS IN
CRUDE OIL
Oppenheimer, C., R. Miget, H. Kator, and LaRock. 1969.
Proceedings, Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of
Oil Spills, American Petroleum Institute, p. 327-331.
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF A LOUISIANA CRUDE OIL IN CLOSED
FLASKS AND UNDER SIMULATED FIELD CONDITIONS
Oppenheimer, C., H. Kator, and R. Miget. 1971.
Proceedings, Joint Conference on Prevention and Control
of Oil Spills, American Petroleum Institute, EPA and USDG.
p. 287-296.
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS
Oppenheimer, C., H. Kator, and R. Miget. 1971.
Biological Conservation 4:2.
UTILIZATION OF PARAFFIN HYDROCARBONS IN CRUDE OIL BY
MIXED CULTURES OF MARINE BACTERIA
Oppenheimer, C., H. Kator, and R. Miget. 1972.
Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME. Paper No. SPE 4206.
8 p.
A NEW SURFACE FILM SAMPLER FOR THE RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBONS
AND FATTY ACIDS
Oppenheimer, C., H. Kator, and R. Miget. 1974.
Analytical Chemistry 46:1154-1157.
A second project entitled "Distribution of Hydrocarbons in Water,
Sediment and Indicator Organisms as Related to Oil Platforms,
1972-1974", was sponsored by a consortium of oil companies and
administered by the Gulf Universities Research Consortium (GURC).
A final report entitled, "Hydrocarbons in Seawater and Organisms
and Microbiological Investigations. Offshore Ecology Investiga-
tions", was submitted to GURC and is in the process of publication.
Information Source: C. H. Oppenheimer, University of Texas,
Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas,
Texas 78373.
157
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R-103-74
EFFECT OF DIESEL OIL ON STREAM LIFE
Principal Investigator: Patterson, B.
Performing Organization: State Department of Game and Fish,
Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau
of Sport Fish and Wildlife, Federal Aid
Division, No. F-22-R-15-B-2
Period: 4/73 to 3/74 Funds: $1,275
The three-segment study of the Cimarron River oil spill is in
progress, with plans for the last segment of the study to be
completed in 1975.
Reports
STATEWIDE WATER POLLUTION INVESTIGATIONS
Elliott, R. 1974.
Statewide Fisheries Investigations. Federal Aid Project
F-22-R-14, Job No. B-l.
The study objective was to obtain court acceptable evidence
of damage to fish and aquatic habitat caused by oil
pollution in waters of the Cimarron, Pecos and Rio Puerco
rivers. Findings on the effects of oil pollution on the
fish populations are reported.
EFFECT OF DIESEL OIL ON STREAM LIFE
Elliot, R. 1974.
Statewide Fisheries Investigations. Federal Aid Project
F-22-R-15, Job No. B-2.
In studying oil pollution in the Cimarron River, data
analysis indicated a rapid repopulation of invertebrates
in the area affected by the diesel oil spill. Population
estimates show a steady increase in brown trout numbers in
the spill affected area.
Information Source: R. R. Patterson, State Department of Game
and Fish, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501.
R-l09-74
FATE, SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF PETROLEUM-DERIVED
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE OCEAN AND THEIR SUBLETHAL EFFECTS ON
MARINE ORGANISMS
Principal Investigators: Sackett, W. M., and J. W. Anderson
158
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Performing Organization: Texas A & M University System,
School of Geosciences, College
Station, Texas 77843
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation, Division
of National and International Progress,
No. GX-37344
Period: 2/73 to 1/74 Funds: $51,650
The IDOE project is presently being renewed.
Reports and Publications
BASELINE CONCENTRATIONS OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS IN GULF OF
MEXICO
Brooks, J. M., A. D. Fredericks, and W. M. Sackett. 1973.
Environmental Science and Technology 7:639-641.
In an effort to identify problems of oceanic environmental
quality, a 2500 mile survey of light hydrocarbon concentra-
tions in the Gulf of Mexico was made and baseline concentra-
tions were determined. It was found that high concentrations
occurred in areas of ports and offshore oil drilling and
production operations.
SOURCES, SINKS AND CONCENTRATIONS OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS IN
THE GULF OF MEXICO
Brooks, J. M., and W. M. Sackett. 1973.
Journal of Geophysical Research 78(24):5248-5258.
A survey was made of the concentrations of light hydrocarbons
in the Gulf of Mexico. The instruments and technique used to
determine hydrocarbon levels are described and results of the
study are presented.
MOLECULAR AND ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF TWO SEEP GASES FROM
THE GULF OF MEXICO
Brooks, J. M., J. R. Gormly, and W. M. Sackett. 1974.
Geophysical Research Letters 1(5):213-215.
From analyses conducted on gas samples collected on the
Texas - Louisiana continental shelf from two natural seeps,
the authors demonstrated that at least part of the gas
seepage is of biogenic origin as opposed to petrogenic
origin.
159
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FATE, SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF PETROLEUM
DERIVED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE OCEAN AND THEIR
SUB-LETHAL EFFECTS ON MARINE ORGANISMS
Sackett, W. M., and J. W. Anderson. 1974.
Report presented for BEP Meeting on 10 May, 1974.
(Grant No. GX-37344).
The report consists of three studies concerned with hydro-
carbons in the ocean: "Use of Low-Molecular-Weight
Hydrocarbon Concentrations as Indicators of Marine Pollution"
(W. Sackett and J. Brooks), "Sub-lethal Effects of Light
Hydrocarbons" (J. Brooks and W. Sackett), and "Feasibility
Study of the Use of 6^c as an Indicator of Petroleum
Residues in Organisms and Sediments" (J. Gormly and W. Sackett)
Information Source: W. M. Sackett, Department of Oceanography,
Texas A & M University, College Station,
Texas 77843.
R-110-74
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY FOLLOWING AN OIL SPILL
Principal Investigator: Sanders, H. L.
Performing Organization: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 801001
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
Reports and Publications
THE WEST FALMOUTH OIL SPILL. I. BIOLOGY
Sanders, H. L., J. F. Grassle, and G. R. Hampson. 1972.
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Technical Report
WHOI-72-20.
An effort was made to determine the longer term biological
effects of the West Falmouth oil spill.
THE WEST FALMOUTH OIL SPILL SAGA
Sanders, H. L. 1974.
New Engineer 3(5):32-39.
Dr. Sanders, as researcher from Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution, presents a rebuttal to Dr. J. G. Mackin's
160
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(Texas A & M University) report which condemned
observations made by researchers such as Woods Hole
scientists, that oil spillage caused long-term
environmental damage. Sanders uses the results of
a study on the catastrophic spillage of 400 bbls of
No. 2 heating oil in West Falmouth Harbor, Massachusetts,
to support his claims.
Information Source: H. L. Sanders, Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
02543.
R-116-74
NAVY ENVIRONMENT: MICROBIAL METABOLISM OF HYDROCARBONS UNDER
LOW TEMPERATURE MARINE CONDITIONS
Principal Investigators: Traxler, R. W., and A. M. Cundell
Performing Organization: University of Rhode Island, Graduate
School, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy DN475025,
N00014-68-A-0215-0013
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $16,505
The Navy contract is continuing and has been renewed for the
period 1 January - 31 December, 1975.
Publications
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM AT LOW TEMPERATURE
Cundell, A. M., and R. W. Traxler. 1973.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 4(8):125-127.
Data are presented on the hydrocarbon utilization and
growth temperature of two bacteria isolated from littoral
sediments from Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia and from oil-
polluted soil near a natural oil seep at Cape Simpson,
Alaska. Results suggest that the bacteria in these
environments play an important role in the biodegradation
of pollutant hydrocarbons.
HYDROCARBON-DEGRADING BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH ARCTIC
OIL SEEPS
Cundell, A. M., and R. W. Traxler. 1974.
Developments in Industrial Microbiology 15:250-255.
Fifteen hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were isolated by
enrichment culture from an aged asphaltic flow near a
161
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natural oil seep, Cape Simpson, Alaska; and their ability
to grow on various hydrocarbons at temperatures ranging
from 0° to 24° was studied. The bacteria were found to
grow on the hydrocarbon substrates and the growth
temperature of the organisms suggested that they were
"facultative psychrophilic bacteria."
Information Source: R. W. Traxler, Plant Pathology - Entomology,
University of Rhode Island, Kingston,
Rhode Island 02881.
R-117-74
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: U.S. Navy, Office of Naval Research,
Arlington, Virginia 22217
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $7,500
The research contract has been completed.
Reports
THE MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS, WORKSHOP
Ahearn, D. G., and S. P. Meyers. 1973.
Report of the Seminar on Biodegradation. Available from
Louisiana State University, Report #LSU-SG-73-01.
For summary see Publications, R-058-74.
Information Source: W. L. King, Environmental and Transportation
Technology Division, Department of Trans-
portation, U.S. Coast Guard, Washington,
D.C. 20590.
R-118-74
MICROBIAL SEEDING TO ACCELERATE DEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBONS
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: University of Texas, Marine Science
Institute, Port Aransas, Texas 78373
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $99,904
162
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Refer to R-102-74 for reports and publications arising from this
EPA supported project.
Information Source: C. H. Oppenheimer, University of Texas,
Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas,
Texas 78373.
R-119-74
OIL POLLUTANT BASELINES AND TRENDS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Nova University, Graduate School,
Dania, Florida 33004
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $39,000
Reports
A PORTABLE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE TO MEASURE DISSOLVED
HYDROCARBONS IN SEAWATER
Perras, J. P. 1973.
Final Report to the U.S. Coast Guard, Report DOT-CG-21660-A-3.
The project's objective was to develop an automated portable
gas chromatographic technique to be used aboard a small
vessel to detect the presence of dissolved hydrocarbons in
seawater and measure their concentrations. A summary of
progress in the development of the apparatus is presented.
Information Source: J. P. Perras, Nova University Oceanographic
Laboratory, 8000 North Ocean Dr., Dania,
Florida 33004.
R-120-74
OIL POLLUTION CONTROL - SPECIAL TECHNIQUES - BACTERIOLOGICAL
DEGRADATION OF OIL SLICKS
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Transportation,
Coast Guard, Washington, D.C. 20591
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No research is currently being conducted by the Department of
Transportation, U.S. Coast Guard, in the use of biodegradation
to clean up spilled oil.
163
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Information Source: W. L. King, Environmental and Trans-
portation Technology Division, Department
of Transportation, U.S. Coast Guard,
400 Seventh St., Washington, D.C. 20590.
R-121-74
STUDY OF ARCTIC OIL BIODEGRADATION
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: University of Alaska, Institute of
Marine Sciences, College, Alaska 99735
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The report "Arctic Oil Biodegradation" is undergoing final
revisions for the U.S. Coast Guard. Contained in the report
is the manuscript "Hydrocarbon Metabolism, Heterotroph Populations
and Activity in Alaskan Waters".
Reports and Publications (summaries not available)
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Button, D. K. 1971.
In: Impingement of Man on the Oceans. D. W. Hood (ed.)-
J. Wiley & Sons, New York. p. 421-425.
HYDROCARBON BIODEGRADATION KINETICS
Button, D. K. 1973.
In: Proceedings, National Academy of Sciences Petroleum
Workshop: Airlie, Virginia. In press.
KINETICS OF DISSIPATION AND BIODEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL IN
ALASKA'S COOK INLET
Kinney, P. J., D. K. Button, and D. M. Schell. 1970.
Proceedings, Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of
Oil Spills, FWPCA-API, New York. p. 333-340.
HYDROCARBON BIODEGRADATION IN ALASKAN WATERS
Robertson, B., S. Arhelger, P. J. Kinney, and D. K. Button.
1973.
164
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In: Microbial Degradation of Oil Pollutants. D. G. Ahearn
and S. P. Meyers (eds.).
Information Source: D. K. Button, Institute of Marine Sciences,
University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska
99701.
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2. PHYSICAL EFFECTS
R-l24-74
MEASUREMENT AND MOLECULAR INTERPRETATION OF SURFACE SHEAR
VISCOSITY
Principal Investigator: Goodrich, F. C.
Performing Organization: Clarkson College of Technology,
School of Arts, Potsdam, New York 13676
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation, Division
of Mathematics and Physical Sciences,
GP-29612A#1
Period: 5/73 to 4/74 Funds: $20,500
Continuing research is being conducted on the project.
Reports
A NEW SURFACE VISCOMETER OF HIGH SENSITIVITY. I. THEORY
Goodrich, F. C., L. A. Allen, and A. Poskanzer.
Preprint from F. C. Goodrich.
A film covered interface, driven by making contact with a
rotating ring inserted into a narrow gap in the wall of a
cylindrical vessel, is proposed as a new design for a
surface viscometer.
A NEW SURFACE VISCOMETER OF HIGH SENSITIVITY. II. EXPERIMENTS
WITH STEARIC ACID MONOLAYERS
Poskanzer, A., and F. C. Goodrich.
Preprint from F. C. Goodrich.
A working model surface viscometer is described with a review
of the details of calibration and operation. Some experi-
ments with stearic acid monolayers are conducted.
THE SURFACE VISCOSITY OF SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE SOLUTIONS
WITH AND WITHOUT ADDED DODECANOL
Poskanzer, A. M., and F. C. Goodrich.
Preprint from F. C. Goodrich.
A new, high sensitivity surface viscometer is used to measure
surface shear viscosity of various concentrations of sodium
dodecyl sulfate solutions. When dodecanol is added, surface
viscosity can be greatly increased.
Information Source: F. C. Goodrich, Department of Chemistry,
Clarkson College of Technology, Potsdam,
New York 13676.
166
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3. ECONOMIC EFFECTS
R-131-74
OCEAN UTILIZATION AND COASTAL ZONE DEVELOPMENT
Principal Investigator: Keil, A.
Performing Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
School of Engineering, Cambridge,
Massachusetts 02139
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Sea Grant Office, No. 710157, 0241333000
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $24,700
The program effort has been completed and has produced two
reports.
Reports
A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY
OF MACHIAS BAY, MAINE TO OIL SUPERTANKERS
Moore, S. T., R. L. Dwyer, and A. M. Katz. 1973.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sea Grant Report
No. MITSG 73-6. (January 15, 1973).
After assessment of the environmental vulnerability of
Machias Bay, Maine, to oil supertankers, it was concluded
that the bay is highly vulnerable. Estimates of future
oil spills are a moderate spill (500 tons) once a year,
and a catastrophic spill (30,000 tons) once in twenty years.
Biological effects of these spills are expected to be very
extensive with some localized permanent changes.
THE GEORGES BANK PETROLEUM STUDY
Offshore Oil Task Group. 1973.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sea Grant Report
No. MITSG 73-5 (February 1, 1973).
A study group (M.I.T. faculty and staff) has studied the
potential impact on the environment and region income
caused by the hypothetical exploration and development of
Georges Bank petroleum.
Citation Source: D. A. Horn, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.
167
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4. GENERAL EFFECTS
R-133-74
NATURAL OIL SEEPAGE IN THE SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL -
PHYSICOCHEMICAL ASPECTS
Principal Investigator: Mikolaj, P. G.
Performing Organization: University of California, School of
Engineering, Santa Barbara, California
93106
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Sea Grant Office, No. 2-35208
Period: 9/72 to 8/73 Funds: $19,030
Reports and Publications
POLLUTION OF THE SEA BY OIL: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ASPECTS
OF NATURAL OIL SEEPAGE IN THE SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
Mikolaj, P. G. 1973.
Final Report of work accomplished. August, 1973.
The summary report, covering the period 1969 to 1973, presents
the major results and findings of a project examining the
physical, chemical and environmental factors that influence
the behavior and fate of oil after natural seepage from the
ocean floor. Studies include underwater exploration and
sample collection near Coal Oil Point, aerial and surface
studies of oil slicks and surveys of contaminated beaches and
coast zone.
TIDAL EFFECTS ON THE ACTIVITY OF NATURAL SUBMARINE OIL SEEPS
Ampaya, J. P., and P. G. Mikolaj. 1973.
Marine Technology Society Journal 7(1):25.
A study was conducted to measure the variability in oil flow
rates from natural seeps in the Santa Barbara Channel. It
was found that tide height is the principal factor in this
variability.
VOLUMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MARINE OIL SPILLS USING
COORDINATED AIRBORNE AND SURFACE SAMPLING DATA
Estes, J. E., P, G. Mikolaj, R. R. Thaman, and L. W. Senger.
1973.
168
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Proceedings of the Joint Conference on Prevention and
Control of Oil Spills, American Petroleum Institute,
Washington, D.C. p. 117.
"Methods and equipment are described which are used to
obtain ground truth data on oil slick thickness, and
techniques for interpreting these data by means of remotely
sensed imagery." The method is applied to at-sea tests
of an oil containment barrier.
ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF THE WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION
FUNCTION: OIL POLLUTION
Mikolaj, P. G. 1972.
Science 176:1019.
An explanation of applying the Weibull Distribution Function,
an empirical three parameter distribution, to oil spill
data is given.
INVESTIGATIONS OF THE NATURAL EXTENT, AND FATE OF NATURAL
OIL SEEPAGE OFF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
Mikolaj, P. G. 1972.
Proceedings of the 4th Annual Offshore Technology Conference,
Houston, Texas. Paper No. OTC-1549.
Field techniques used to study natural oil seepage in Santa
Monica Bay and the Santa Barbara Channel are discussed.
Results include estimates of oil flow rates, characterization
of beach tar deposits and source identification.
REPORT ON THE COMPOSITION OF OIL FROM THE REGION OF NEW
HYDROCARBON UPWELLING IN THE SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
Mikolaj, P. G. 1973.
Report prepared for NOAA, Office of Sea Grant USDC SGP 04-3-
158-22, R-CZ-9
Comparisons are made between oil seeps near Coal Oil Point
and new upwelling oil observed June, 1973, in the Santa
Barbara Channel.
MEASUREMENT OF EVAPORATION RATES FROM OIL SLICKS ON THE OPEN
SEA
Sivadier, H. 0., and P. G. Mikolaj. 1973.
169
-------
Proceedings, Joint Conference on Prevention and Control
of Oil Spills, American Petroleum Institute, Washington,
D.C. p. 475.
The paper discusses a gas chromatographic procedure to
determine the time dependent weight loss of an oil slick
by following its compositional changes. Results from
experiments using natural seep oil are described.
Information Source: P. 6. Mikolaj, Dames and Moore, Suite 1000,
1100 Glendon Ave., Los Angeles, California
90024.
170
-------
D. OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION
1. DESIGN AND ENGINEERING
R-l34-74
CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION OF THE OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
SYSTEMS CONTROL TEST BASIN
Principal Investigator: Cipriano, P.
Performing Organization: Engineers Incorporated, Newark,
New Jersey 07101
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 68-01-0198, 72P21137
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
An article dealing with the planning and construction of the
Environmental Protection Agency oil spill test site, Leonardo,
New Jersey, is being written by Engineers Incorporated.
Information Source: A. G. Cipriano, Engineers Incorporated,
P.O. Box 39, Newark, New Jersey 07101.
R-135-74
OIL SPILL DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Northeast Utilities Service Company,
Hartford, Connecticut 06101
Supporting Agency: Northeast Utilities Service Company
Period: 1/73 to 12/73 Funds: $27,200
The detector system is presently undergoing performance tests.
No reports have been published. Further information regarding
the system, its operation and extensions to the technology can
be obtained from: Mr. Herbert R. Gram, Spectrogram Corporation,
385 State St., North Haven, Connecticut 06473.
Information Source: R. H. Meyer, Energy Research Conversion
Research Engineer, Northeast Utilities,
P. 0. Box 270, Hartford, Connecticut 06101.
171
-------
2. OIL RECOVERY AND HANDLING TECHNIQUES
R-144-74
FLAME SPREAD OVER LIQUID FUEL
Principal Investigator: Torrance, K. E.
Performing Organization: Cornell University, School of
Engineering, Ithaca, New York 14850
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation, Division
of Advanced Technological Applications,
No. 61-31894X1.
Period: 11/72 to 10/73 Funds: $31,700
The project is currently active under funding of the second
grant.
Reports and Publications
EVAPORATION, SURFACE KINETICS, AND SURFACE TENSION EFFECTS
FOR LIQUID FUELS
Mahajan, R. L., and K. E. Torrance. 1973.
Report prepared under NSF-RANN Grant GI-31894X, Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New
York.
Summary not available.
SUBSURFACE FLOW PRECEDING FLAME SPREAD OVER A LIQUID FUEL
Torrance, K. E. 1971.
Combustion Science and Technology 3:133-143.
Liquid fuel flows are examined as they occur below a two-
dimensional flame spreading at a steady state.
FIRE SPREAD OVER LIQUID FUELS: LIQUID PHASE PARAMETERS
Torrance, K. E., and R. L. Mahajan. 1974.
Fifteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, Tokyo,
Japan, 25-30 August, 1974.
The effects of surface tension, buoyancy forces, Prandtl
number, fuel depth, and flame speed upon fire spread over
liquid fuels are reported and summarized.
172
-------
SURFACE TENSION FLOWS INDUCED BY A MOVING THERMAL SOURCE
Torrance, K. E., and R. L. Mahajan.
Preprint from senior author, to appear in Combustion
Science and Technology.
Investigations were conducted upon surface tension flows
induced by a thermal source moving over an otherwise
stationary liquid layer.
Information Source: K. E. Torrance, National Center for
Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 1470,
Boulder, Colorado 80302.
R-145-74
OIL RECOVERY SYSTEMS. MARINE ENVIRONMENT OIL SPILL RECOVERY
(PRELIMINARY DEVELOPMENT)
Principal Investigator: Trimble, L.
Performing Organization: Lockheed Missiles and Space Company,
Sunnyvale, California 94088
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $537,000
The full-scale prototype has completed its final testing and
has been accepted as part of the Coast Guard's inventory of
high seas oil recovery facilities.
Information Source: C. F. Scharfenstein, Ocean Systems,
Lockheed Missiles and Space Company,
Sunnyvale, California 94088.
R-147-74
FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR TURBINE DRIVEN CENTRIFUGE CONCEPTS FOR
OIL WATER SEPARATION
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Foster-Miller Associates, Inc.,
Waltham, Massachusetts 02154
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $142,000
Foster-Miller Associates, Inc. is currently developing a solids-
oil separating pump to be used in conjunction with the
centrifugal coalescer.
173
-------
Reports
EVALUATION OF A UNIQUE CENTRIFUGE FOR SEPARATION OF OIL
FROM SHIP DISCHARGE WATER
Harvey, A. C., and V. K. Stokes. 1973.
Final Report to U.S. Coast Guard, February, 1973.
Contract DOT-CG-24287A.
Described is a centrifugal coalescer designed and tested
for oil separation as it is dispersed in ship bilge and
ballast water. Its design, development and laboratory
tests are evaluated.
Information Source: J. R. Potter, Foster-Miller Associates,
Inc., 135 Second Ave., Waltham,
Massachusetts 02154.
R-l52-74
OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM - OIL STORAGE UNITS FOR USE WITH HIGH SEAS
OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Transportation,
Coast Guard, Washington, D.C. 20591
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The Coast Guard planned high seas oil recovery system prototype
hardware phase of development is complete and the final report
is presently being prepared.
List of Published Reports (Reports followed by an AD number
may be ordered directly by that number from the National
Technical Information Service)
Response
3994/01/01 Oil Spillage Literature Search and Critical
Evaluation for Selection of Promising
Techniques to Control and Prevent Damage -
Batelle Memorial Institute. AD 666 289
714101/001 Development of the Air Deliverable Anti-
Pollution Transfer System (ADAPTS) - Coast
Guard (DAT-4), August 6, 1971. AD 732-978
174
-------
714101/B/002
714101/004
714101/004/1
714101/009
724102
734102.5/8
FTC-TR-73/53
734102.5/11
714102/A/001
714102/002-1
714102/002-2
714102/A/002
794102/003
714102/A/003
Design and Development of an Optimum Oil
Storage Container for the Air Deliverable
Anti-Pollution Transfer System - ADAPTS -
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, February,
1971. PB 207-601
3000 Hour Endurance Test of the Diesel Prime
Mover for ADAPTS - U.S. Coast Guard Field
Testing and Development Center, 1 March,
1972. AD 742 514
Special Transfer Pump Development, Interim
Report No. 1. 750 Hour Endurance Test of
Diesel Prime Mover - U.S. Coast Guard Field
Testing and Development Center.
Analysis Redesign of Towpoint of the ADAPTS
No. 2, Prototype Oil Storage Container -
Uniroyal, Inc.
Oil Retrieval Skimmer Development - DAT - 4,
December, 1971. (NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION)
Performance Evaluation of an Oil Containment
Barrier, Aerial Delivery System - Edwards Air
Force Base, January, 1974.
Determination of Oil Loss Rate from High Seas
Oil Containment Barrier. AD 762-339
Lightweight Oil Containment System Low Tension
Barrier System - Wilson Industries, Inc.
AD 719 277
Oil Pollution Control - Research and Development
Requirements, Volume I. Methods. A. D. Little,
Inc. AD 696 635
Research and Development Plans. Volume 2 -
A. D. Little, Inc. (RESTRICTED)
Lightweight Oil Containment System - Ocean
Systems, Inc. (3 volumes available)
Revjew of the Santa Barbara Channel Oil
Pollution Incident - Battelle Northwest.
AD 726 156
Concept Development of a Prototype Lightweight
Oil Containment System for Use on the High
Seas - Johns-Manville Products Corp.
AD 723 601
175
-------
714102/A/004
714102/A/006
714102/A/008
734102.0/2
CG-D-22-74
794102/010
4103.1/1
714103/A/001
714103/A/002
714103/A/003
704103/004
724103.06.1
724103.06.3
Heavy Duty Oil Containment System Pneumatic
Barrier System - Wilson Industries, Inc.
AD 719 278
Concept Development of a Heavy Duty Oil
Containment System for Use in the High Seas.
Volume I - Atlantic Research Corporation.
AD 719 615
Studies of Oil Retention Boom Hydrodynamics -
Hydronautics, Inc. AD 719 294
Analysis of Lightweight Oil Containment System
Sea Trials - Hydronautics, Inc., October,
1973. AD 770 344
Analysis and Model Test to Determine Forces
and Motions of an Oil Retention Boom - Two
Volumes - Hydronautics, Inc. AD 702 512 and
AD 702 513
Mechanical Equipment for the Cleanup of Oil
Spills - U.S. Coast Guard (DAT-4).
Investigation of the Use of a Vortex Flow to
Separate Oil from an Oil-Water Mixture -
United Aircraft Corporation Research
Laboratories. AD 716 309
A Feasibility Study of the Use of the Oleo-
philic Belt Oil Scrubber - Shell Pipeline
Corporation. AD 723 598
Free Vortex Recovery of Floating Oil -
Scientific Associates, Inc. AD 723 599
The Feasibility of Surface-Skimming Oil
Collection Devices - The Charles River
Association (Hoult, Cross and Milgram).
AD 716 324
Development of a High Seas Oil Recovery
System - Ocean Systems, Inc., February, 1972.
AD 759 523 and AD 759 524
Prototype High Seas Oil Recovery System -
Phase I (3 Volumes), System Development -
Lockheed Missiles and Space Company,
February 1972. AD 758 351. AD 758 352 and
AD 758 353
176
-------
734103.18/1
CG-D057-74
734103.10/1
714103/A/004
714103/A/005
714103/A/006
724107.1
(714107/A/OQ3) Guide - U
Concept Development of a Free Vortex Oil
Recovery System - Scientific Associates,
May, 1973.
Support Systems to Deliver and Maintain Oil
Recovery Systems and Dispose of Recovered
Oil - Batelle Columbus, January, 1974.
AD 778 941
Engineering Concept Evaluation Program for
High Seas Oil Spill Recovery - Ocean Systems
Division, Lockheed Missiles and Space
Company. AD 725 883
The Conduct of a Feasibility Study of the
Inverted Weir Oil Collection Concept -
Battelle Memorial Institute (NOT AVAILABLE)
Engineering Feasibility Study of the Bishop
System for Open Ocean Oil Spills - William R.
Bishop Associates. AD 723 600
Forecasting Oil Slick Behavior - A Preliminary
Guide - U.S. Coast Guard, July, 1971.
AD 762 358
724107.3/2
714107/A/001
734108.2/2
734108.2/4.1
744108.2/5
(CG-D-79-74)
714108/A/001
AD 762 358
The Effect of Waves on Oil Spill Movements -
University of Missouri, March, 1972.
Physical Process in the Spread of Oil on a
Water Surface - Massachusetts Institute of
Technology. AD 726 281
Crude Oil Behavior on Arctic Winter Ice -
U.S. Coast Guard (G-DET-1), September, 1972.
AD 754 261
Examination of Chedabucto Bay Bottom Sediments
for Biodegradation Potential - University of
Rhode Island, November, 1972.
"Geographical Analysis of Oil Spill Potential
Associated with Alaskan Oil Production and
Transportation Systems" - Battelle Memorial
Institute, February, 1972. AD 784 099 ($6.50)
A Study of the Behavior of Oil Spills in the
Arctic - U.S. Coast Guard (DAT-4). AD 717 142
177
-------
724110.1/1.1
724110.1/1.2
724110.1/2.1
724110.1/3.1
724110.1/4.1
744110.1/5.1
CG-D-69-74
734110.1/6.1
(LSU-SG-73-01)
734110.2
704110/A/001-1
72411O/A/001-2
Investigation of Sinking Methods for
Removal of Oil Pollution from Water
Surfaces, Final Report - Corps of
Engineers, Vicksburg, Mississippi, April,
1972. AD 741 247
Feasibility Study of the Sand Sinking
Methods of Combating a Major Oil Spill in
the Ocean Environment - Office Chief of
Engineering, U.S. Army, December, 1971.
AD 742 949
Investigation of Sorbents for Removing Oil
Spills from Water - Naval Ship R&D Center,
November, 1971. AD 742 950
Assessment of Biodegradation Potential for
Controlling Oil Spills on the High Seas -
Oklahoma State University, September, 1971.
AD 759 848
Control and Confinement of Oil Pollution on
Water with Monomolecular Surface Films -
Naval Research Laboratory, November, 1971.
AD 744 943
Chemical Additives to Control Oil Spills -
A State-of-the-Art Survey. AD 779 557
The Microbial Degradation of Oil Pollutants,
Workshop - Georgia State University,
December, 1972.
Evaluation of Surfactants, Sorbents and
Sinking Agents as Effective Oil Spill
Cleanup Agents - U.S. Coast Guard (G-DET-1),
November, 1972. AD 758 132
Investigation of Sinking Methods for Removal
of Oil Pollution from Water Surfaces, Phase
I: Survey of the State-of-the-Art - Corps
of Engineers, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
AD 725 617
Investigation of Sinking Methods for Removal
of Oil Pollution from Water Surfaces, Phase
II: Methods of Test for Laboratory Evaluation
Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
AD 741 247
178
-------
73411.2/1
(CG-D-64-74)
744111.2/3
(CG-D-69-74)
734111.5/1
734112.1/2
Enforcement
714104
714104/1
714104.2/3
714104.2/3
724104.2/5
724104.2/10
744204.4
Hydrodynamic Effects of Oil Slick
Mechanical Control Devices - Texas A & M
Research Foundation, February, 1974.
"Chemical Additives to Control Oil Spills -
A State-of-the-Art Survey" - Rensselear
Polytechnic Institute, January, 1974.
AD 770 557
Analysis of Inland Waterways Oil Transport
Traffic Density Patterns - Battelle Columbus,
October, 1973.
Fast Surface Delivery Systems for Pollution
Control Equipment, A Feasibility Study -
Coast Guard (G-DET-1), January, 1974.
(LIMITED DISTRIBUTION)
Remote Sensing of Southern California Oil
Pollution Experiment - U.S. Coast Guard
(DAT-4), July, 1971. PB 203 194
U.S. Atlantic Coast Tanker Density Survey -
U.S. Coast Guard (DAT-4).
Optical Remote Sensing of Oil Slicks:
Signature Analysis and Systems Evaluation -
University of Michigan, October, 1971.
Investigation of Oil Fluorescence as a
Technique for Remote Sensing of Spills - DOT
Transportation Systems Center, June, 1971
(Phase I Report). PB 203 585
Multi-Sensor Detection and Tracking of
Controlled Oil Spills - Spectran, Inc.,
1971. AD 741 953
May,
Remote Sensing Oil Pollution System Concept -
Concept Evaluation - U.S. Coast Guard (DAT-4),
June, 1971. (FOR COAST GUARD USE ONLY)
"Development of a Prototype Airborne Oil
Surveillance System." Volume I, "System
Definitions Studies"(AD 779 482). Volume II,
"Design Report" (AD 779 483). Volume III,
"Subsystem Specifications" (AD 779 484) -
Aerojet Electrosystems Company.
179
-------
714104/002
794104/A/002
794104/A/002-1
714104/A/003
714104/A/004
714104/A/005
7141047A/006
714104/A/006-1
714104/A/006-2
714104/A/009
734209.9
714141
734141
Measurements Program for Oil-Slick
Characteristics - University of Michigan.
AD 758 591
Microwave Radiometric Detection of Oil
Slicks - Aerojet General Corporation.
AD 702 402 Final Report. AD 728 551
An Investigation of Oil Fluorescence as a
Technique for Remote Sensing of Oil Spills -
DOT Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge,
Massachusetts. Final Report, June, 1971.
PB 203 585
The Remote Sensing of Oil Slicks by Radar -
Naval Research Laboratory. AD 709 982
Results of Overflight of Chevron Oil Spill
in the Gulf of Mexico - National Aeronautical
and Space Administration. AD 714 681
Photographic Detection of Ship-Generated
Slicks - U.S. Coast Guard (DAT-4).
Oil
Oil Pollution Detection and Discrimination
by Remote Sensing Techniques - Spectran, Inc.
AD 716 349
Oceanographic Observations and Theoretical
Analysis of Oil Slick During the Chevron
Spill, March, 1970 - Louisiana State
University. AD 716 324
Applicability of Remote Sensor Techniques
for Oil Slick Detection - U.S. Coast Guard,
February, 1971. AD 728 422
Remote Sampler for Determining Residual Oil
Contents of Surface Water - Naval Ship R&D
Center, Annapolis, Maryland, November, 1972.
AD 760 217
The Biological Response to Oil in the Marine
Environment - U.S. Coast Guard Oceanographic
Unit, March, 1971. AD 726 281
Fate of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Beach Sand
Naval Biomedical Research Center, Contract
Mippr 13,337. AD 758 740
180
-------
714141/002
734241.1
(CG-D-52-74)
734241.2/2
(CG-D-42-74)
734241.2/7
(CG-D-12-74)
744241.2/8
734241.2/9
(CG-D-51-74)
734244
(CG-D-17-73)
744241.2/11
(D-77-74)
744242.5/1
(CG-D-102-74)
Abatement
734305.1/1
(CG-D-23-74)
734105.2/1
734305.2/2
Natural Oil Seeps in or Near the Marine
Environment - Coast Guard Research and
Development Center. AD 723 310
Oil Spill Drift Caused by the Coupled
Effects of Wind and Waves - University of
Missouri - Rolla, October, 1973. AD 777 702
Development of a Floating Oil Slick
Detector - URS Research, November, 1973.
"Model Study of the Dilution of Soluble
Liquids Discharged from Tankers," September,
1973 - Stevens Institute of Technology.
AD 768 681
"Oil in Water Sensor Final Engineering
Report" - Texas Instruments, February, 1974.
AD 784 104
Evaluation of an Infrared Oil Film Monitor -
Wright and Wright Environmental Engineering,
November, 1973. AD 778 814
The Spreading and Transport of Oil Slicks on
the Open Ocean in the Presence of Wind, Waves,
and Currents - AVCO Corporation, July, 1973.
"In Situ Detection of Oil Slicks Utilizing
Differential Evaporation, Phase I, Feasibility
Study" - Environmental Research Institute of
Michigan, January, 1974. AD 779 615
Development of a Fixed
Sampler, April, 1974 -
AD 784 106
Site Surface Film Oil
Curtis D. LeVantine.
Survey of Commercial Oil-Water Separators,
August, 1973 - U.S. Coast Guard (G-DET-1).
(RESTRICTED)
Vortex Concept for Separating Oil from Water
United Aircraft Research Laboratories,
January, 1973. AD 758 320
Ultrafiltration Concept for Separating Oil
from Water - Abcor, Inc., January, 1973.
AD 758 318
181
-------
734305.2/3
734305.2/4
734305.2/5
734305.2/6
734305.2/6.1
734305.2/7
734305.2/8
734305.2/9
744305.3/1
(CG-D-75-74)
734305.3/2
(CG-D-31-74)
734206.1
734321.4/1
Centrifuge Coalescer Concept for Separating
Oil from Water Discharged from Ships -
Foster-Miller Associates, Inc., February,
1973. AD 764-006
Electrochemical Flotation Concept for Removing
Oil from Water - Lockheed Aircraft Service
Company, May, 1972. AD 760 056
Viscosity Actuated Phase Separating (VAPS)
for Oil-Water Separations - Union Carbide
Corporation, March, 1973. AD 763 552
Coalescing Plates and Packs for Oil Water
Separation in Various Shipboard Applications -
General Electric Company, January, 1973.
AD 758 319
Feasibility Test Program of Application of
Coalescing Phase Oil/Water Separators to Self
Compensating Fuel Tanks in Surface Ships -
General Electric Re-entry and Environmental
Systems Division, May, 1974. AD 784 105
Study of Hydrophilic Membranes for Oil-Water
Separation - Gulf Environmental Systems
Company, January, 1973. AD 758 321
Vacuum Desorption Concept for Removing Oil
from Water - Mechanics Research, March, 1973.
AD 764 447
Evaluation of Concepts for Separating Oil
from Water Discharged from Ships, August, 1973
U.S. Coast Guard (G-DET-1). AD 770 346
Development of a Classification Scale for
Characterizing Bilgewater Used in Oil Removal
Techniques - General American Research
Division, January, 1974. AD 778 929
Laboratory Evaluation of the Emulsifying
Characteristics of Pumps - Foster-Miller
Associates, Inc., October, 1973. AD 779 629
A Study of Oil Source Identification Tech-
niques - In House Report. AD 761 971
An Experimental Study of Wastewater Treatment
Systems Suitable for Shipboard Use - Hydro-
nautics, Inc., July, 1972. AD 764 448
182
-------
714121/100 Evaluation of Proprietary Waste Treatment
System Aboard the USCGC ALERT (WMEC-630)
based at Cape May, New Jersey - U.S. Coast
Guard (DAT-4), May, 1971. AD 723 789
714121/101 Modified 50-Man Vadespino Shipboard Sewage
Treatment System - Field Testing and
Development Center. AD 716 199
Information Source: W. L. King, Environmental and Transportation
Technology Division, Department of Trans-
portation, U.S. Coast Guard, Washington,
D.C. 20591.
R-l53-74
PARTICLE VACUUM ACCELERATED GRAVITY CONCEPT
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Mechanic Research, Inc., Los Angeles,
California 90045
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
Reports
VACUUM DESORPTION CONCEPT FOR REMOVING OIL FROM WATER
Pomonik, G. M. 1974.
Project Final Report to U.S. Coast Guard, Report No.
734305.2/8, March 30, 1974.
The design, development and testing of a prototype unit
for oil-water separation in bilge and ballast water aboard
ships and tankers are described. In the process of oil
removal gas bubbles, which form on oil particles in the
contaminated water, are desorbed by means of a vacuum; and
the oil particles are raised to the water's surface.
Information Source: G. M. Pomonik, Ocean Systems Mechanics
Research, Inc., 9841 Airport Blvd., Los
Angeles, California 90045.
R-l54-74
PROTOTYPE OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM FOR USE ON THE HIGH SEAS,
PHASE II/LOCKHEED
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Lockheed Missile and Space Company,
Sunnyvale, California 94088
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast Guard
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $20,286
183
-------
Reports
HIGH SEAS OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
Beran, W. T., B. Bruch, K. R. Maxwell, et al. 1972.
Final Report to U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Research and
Development.
Results are presented of the preliminary design and develop-
ment of a high seas oil spill recovery system. The preliminary
design includes the four-foot diameter device, its support
catamaran and the machinery necessary to drive the device and
transfer the recovered oil to storage.
TESTING THE LOCKHEED DISC-DRUM ROUGH WATER OIL RECOVERY
SYSTEM
Scharfenstein, C. F., and J. F. Leary. 1974.
Paper presented to Sixth Annual Offshore Technology
Conference, Houston, May 6-8, 1974.
The paper discusses the qualification testing of the Lockheed
prototype High Seas Oil Recovery System. The system proved
capable of recovering spilled oil on the water surface up to
the rate of 1,000 gallons per minute under certain current,
oil thickness and viscosity conditions.
Information Source:
C. F. Scharfenstein, Ocean Systems,
Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Inc.,
Sunnyvale, California 94088.
R-157-74
VORTEX CONCEPT
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: United Aircraft Corporation,
Hartford, Connecticut, 06118
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $6,424
Reports and Publications
INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF A VORTEX FLOW TO SEPARATE OIL
FROM AN OIL-WATER MIXTURE
Mensing, A. E., R. C. Stoeffler, W. R. Davison, and T. E.
Hoover. 1970.
184
-------
Final Engineering Report to the U.S. Coast Guard, November,
1970.
A feasibility study was conducted testing a continuous flow
vortex separator. Performance tests were made on a
laboratory-scale model, and an analytical evaluation was
carried out on a full-scale vortex separator.
INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF A VORTEX FLOW TO SEPARATE OIL
FROM OIL-WATER MIXTURE
Mensing, A. E., and R. C. Stoeffler. 1971.
Proceedings, Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of
Oil Spills. June 15-17, 1971, Washington, D.C.
Tests were made on laboratory-scale model vortex separators
by varying inlet oil-to-total-flow ratios and using different
oils. Optimal conditions yielded approximately 90% recovery
of injected oil and capture flow of approximately 90% oil.
VORTEX CONCEPT FOR SEPARATING OIL FROM WATER
Stoeffler, R. C., and C. E. Jones. 1973.
Final Engineering Report to U.S. Coast Guard, January, 1973.
A three-part study was conducted on continuous flow vortex
separators: performance testing was made on scale models,
determinations were made for scaling, and an analytical evalua-
tion of large shipboard separator systems was conducted.
Information Source: J. F. Glasgow, Battelle, Columbus Laboratories,
965 Harbor Scenic Way, Berth 249, Pier J,
Long Beach, California 90802.
185
-------
3. RESEARCH
R-161-74
STUDY TO IDENTIFY SUPPORT SYSTEMS TO DELIVER AND MAINTAIN
OIL RECOVERY SYSTEMS AND DISPOSAL OF RECOVERED OIL
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Battelle Memorial Institute,
Columbus, Ohio 43201
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Coast
Guard
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $253,107
The research project for the U.S. Coast Guard was completed
on May 31, 1973. The final report is available through the
National Technical Information Service.
Reports
SUPPORT SYSTEMS TO DELIVER AND MAINTAIN OIL RECOVERY
SYSTEMS AND DISPOSE OF RECOVERED OIL
Kim, B. C., H. Carlton, T. J. Cooke, J. H. Hancock,
R. A. Mendelsohn, and W. J. Sheppard. 1974.
Final Report to Supporting Agency, 8 June 1973 (issued by
the Coast Guard, 7 January 1974).
Three areas of study are covered: (1) determination of optimum
transfer systems for use in oil recovery operations and the
establishment of the type and availability of vessels suitable
for support of oil recovery operations; (2) establishment of
provisions necessary for ultimate disposal of recovered oil;
(3) and determination of future project patterns of oil
transport traffic around U.S. coastal regions.
Information Source: J. S. Glasgow, Battelle Columbus Laboratories,
965 Harbor Scenic Way, Berth 249, Pier J,
Long Beach, California 90802.
186
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SECTION III. CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
A. OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
1. MONITORING
R-166-74
EFFECT ON THE ECOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY IN COLD ENVIRONMENTS
OF OIL SEEPAGES AND SPILLS
Principal Investigators:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency: U.S.
Period: 7/72 to 6/73
Brown, J., and R. Murrmann
U.S. Army, Cold Region Research and
Engineering Laboratory, P. 0. Box
282, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
Department of Defense, Army #DAOZ8146
Funds: Unknown
The project includes the inspection of oil spills along the
Army Haines-Fairbanks Pipeline and examination of plant
recovery of these areas. Experiments will also be carried
out measuring the effects of oil dispersion and extent of oil
toxicity on Arctic plant foliage.
Biological effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: ZQA-268146-1
R-167-74
PASSIVE TAGGING OF OILS BY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Gruenfeld, M.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Environmental Research Center,
5555 Ridge Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45213
Environmental Protection Agency, Office
Supporting Agency: U.S
of Research and Development
Period: 10/73 to 9/74 Funds: Unknown
The project will determine whether fluorescence spectrophotometry
is a usable means for measuring oil parameters in the presence
of weathering. A rapid method will be developed to test oils if
the initial effort proves successful.
SSIE No.: ZMA-662-1
187
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R-168-74
PASSIVE TAGGING OF WATER DISPERSED OILS
Principal Investigator: Gruenfeld, M.
Performing Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Environmental Research
Center, 5555 Ridge Avenue, Cincinnati,
Ohio 45213
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Research and Development, No. 21 AOE 07
72P17899
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The contract provides for the use of spectroscopic and chromat-
ographic techniques for passive tagging trace levels of water
dispersed oils.
SSIE No.: ZMA-665-1
R-169-74
DEVELOP CHEMICAL STANDARDS FOR GROWING AREA
Principal Investigator: Lamb, J. B.
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Health,Education
and Welfare, Public Health Service,
Food and Drug Administration, 200 C St.,
S.W., Washington, D.C. 20204
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Health, Education and
Welfare, Public Health Service, Food and
Drug Administration, Bureau of Foods
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
One of the objectives is to improve analytical methods for
detecting toxic substances such as petroleum in shellfish, and
to enable the FDA to establish standards and tolerances for toxic
chemicals in growing areas and shellfish.
Biological effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: ZVA-2084
R-170-74
ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PETROCHEMICALS IN WATER AND
SEDIMENT
Principal Investigator: Unknown, Water Resources Division
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of the Interior,
Geological Survey, 18th and F Sts.,
N.W., Washington, D.C. 20242
188
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Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological
Survey, Water Resources Division,
No. NR-69-062
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
Methods are being developed for the detection of petrochemicals
in water systems, analysis of the products, and determination
of the impact of oil drilling on water resources so as to
increase existing knowledge concerning the widespread use of
petrochemicals.
Analysis
General effects of oil production and prospecting
SSIE No.: ZUA-2688
R-171-74
MOVEMENT AND FATE OF SUNKEN OIL
Principal Investigator: Wood, P. C.
Performing Organization: Ministry of Agriculture, Burnham on
Crouch, England
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-510
189
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2. REMOTE SENSING
R-172-74
EFFECT OF WATER POLLUTION ON NAVAL OPERATIONS
Principal Investigators: Gallagher, J. J., and D. F. Guiliano
Performing Organization: U.S. Navy, Underwater Systems Center,
Newport, Rhode Island 02840
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy IDN014506
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
Included in the multi-purpose project is the study of aquatic
factors that are influenced by pollution, and the investigation
of remote sensing techniques for rapid detection and identifica-
tion of water-borne pollutants (i.e. petroleum).
SSIE No.: ZQN-14506
R-l73-74
REMOTE SENSING FOR WATER AND AIR POLLUTION
Principal Investigator: Goodwin, G.
Performing Organization: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, Ames Research Center,
Moffett Field, California 94035
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration, Aeronautics and Space Technical
Office, Ames Research Center, No. 160-75-22
7370495
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
In a comprehensive study dealing with water and air pollution,
background levels are being determined to establish the sources,
types and levels of natural and artificially introduced
pollutants.
SSIE No.: ZH-21706
R-l74-74
MARINE POLLUTION MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
Principal Investigator: Love, E. S.
Performing Organization: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, Langley Research Center,
Hampton, Virginia 23365
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration, Aeronautics and Space Technical
Office, Langley Research Center, No. 176-53-32
7470481
190
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Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
Ecological consequences of specific manmade and natural
pollutants in estuaries of the Chesapeake Bay and adjacent
coastal zones are being quantitatively measured in a
cooperative study. An evaluation of remote sensing and
remote readout instrumentation for evaluation of marine
pollution including the study of oil spill effects is being
conducted.
Biological effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: ZH-31488
R-l75-74
REMOTE SENSING OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY, COASTAL PROCESSES
AND ESTUARIES
Principal Investigator: Oberholtzer, 0. D.
Performing Organization: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, Wallops Station,
Chincoteague, Virginia 23337
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration, Space Sciences Office, Wallops
Station, No. 160-75-17 7370488
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
Remote sensing capabilities are being demonstrated and evaluated
in a study to expand remote sensing utilization to a wide range
of problems, including oil pollution.
SSIE No.: ZH-21699
R-l76-74
AERIAL SURVEILLANCE SPILL PREVENTION SYSTEM
Principal Investigator: Welch, R. I.
Performing Organization: Earth Satellite Corporation, 1771 N. St.
NW, Washington, D.C. 20036
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Water Programs
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The feasibility of locating and identifying potential spill
sources in San Francisco Bay by aerial reconnaissance and photo
or multispectral interpretation techniques is being investigated.
SSIE No.: ZMA-615-1
191
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3. ANALYSIS
R-l77-74
MOVEMENT OF OIL SLICKS INCLUDING PREDICTION
Principal Investigator: Cole, H. A.
Performing Organization: Ministry of Agriculture, Lowestoft,
England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-575
R-l78-74
GEOCHEMISTRY OF OILFIELD BRINES
Principal Investigators: Collins, A. G., J. W. Davis, G. E.
Fletcher, and C. A. Pearson,
Energy Research Center
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Mines, Bartlesville,
Oklahoma 74003
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau
of Mines
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $86,000
Oilfield brine samples will be analyzed to determine chemical
and physical characteristics. Brines are being evaluated as
sources for economically recoverable constituents and to gain
information concerning their disposal to prevent pollution of
freshwater and land.
Economic effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: ZUG-1691-4
R-179-74
OIL POLLUTION ANALYTICAL METHODS
Principal Investigator: Cram, S. P.
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Bureau of Standards, Washington,
D.C. 20234
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Maritime Admin-
istration, No. 3109499
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $90,000
192
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Methods are being developed to determine trace amounts of toxic
crude oil compounds in seawater in order to establish the effect
of crude oil on fish and other aquatic organisms.
Biological effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: ZBM-18
R-180-74
DEVELOPMENT AND METHODS OF ANALYSIS FOR PESTICIDES, METALS, ETC.
AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS
Principal Investigator: Egan, H.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Cornwall House, London, England
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-845
R-181-74
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF OIL SPILLS
Principal Investigator: Egan, H.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Cornwall House, London, England
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-843
R-182-74
OIL SPILL IDENTIFICATION
Principal Investigators: Ferrero, E. P., C. C. Ward, and H. J.
Coleman, Energy Research Center
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Mines, Bart!esvilie,
Oklahoma 74003
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Mines
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $76,000
193
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The project provides for the preparation of a catalog of
reference data for identification of sources of water
pollution caused by accidental spillage or intentional
dumping of oil. Samples of crude oil from major oil
fields in the world will be analyzed for unique properties,
such as amounts of particular metals or gases.
SSIE No.: ZUG-2215-2
R-l83-74
OIL POLLUTION OF RIVERS, METHODS OF ANALYSIS
Principal Investigator: Glenn, W. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Environment, London,
England
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-527
R-l84-74
EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM SEDIMENT FOR QUANTITATION SPECTROSCOPIC
ANALYSIS
Principal Investigator: Gruenfeld, M.
Performing Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Environmental Research
Center, 5555 Ridge Avenue, Cincinnati,
Ohio 45213
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
A technique is sought which can rapidly extract small amounts
of oils from sediments. Extracted oils are to be analyzed
using infrared, ultraviolet or fluorescence spectrophotometry.
Sampling
SSIE No.: ZMA-663-1
194
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R-185-74
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF OIL BY INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
Principal Investigator: Gruenfeld, M.
Performing Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Edison Water Quality Research Lab-
oratory, 5555 Ridge Avenue, Cincinnati,
Ohio 45268
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 21 AOE 02 72P17896
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
Application of infrared spectrophotometry for the quantitative
analysis of oil will be assessed.
SSIE No.: ZMA-664-1
R-186-74
INSTRUMENTAL METHOD FOR DETERMINING OIL IN WATER
Principal Investigator: Hearst, P. S.
Performing Organization: U.S. Navy, Civil Engineering Lab-
oratory, Point Mugu, Port Hueneme,
California 93041
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy EDN
244080
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
A method to detect small amounts of oil in water is being
developed. Other areas of study include emulsification
of the oil-water sample, and determination of total carbon
present.
SSIE No.: ZQN-244080-1
R-187-74
DEVELOP METHOD FOR OIL FINGERPRINTING BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION
ANALYSIS
Principal Investigator: Moore, R. V.
Performing Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Southeast Environmental Research
Laboratory, College Station Road,
Athens, Georgia 30601
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 24AAP-05
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $17,500
195
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A method for identifying the source of spilled oils is being
developed by comparing characteristic ratios of elements as
determined by neutron activation analysis.
SSIE No.: ZMA-677
R-l88-74
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF OIL SPILLS
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-736
R-189-74
HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE WATERS-PORT VALDEZ, ALASKA
Principal Investigator: Shaw, D. G.
Performing Organization: University of Alaska, Institute of
Marine Sciences, Fairbanks, Alaska
99701
Supporting Agency: American Chemical Society, No. 284963
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $3,500
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: PCS-2102
R-190-74
METHODS FOR SSMS FINGERPRINTING OF OILS
Principal Investigator: Taylor, C. E.
Performing Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Evnironmental Research
Center, Con/all is, Oregon 97330
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The feasibility of using spark source mass spectrophotometry to
provide stable fingerprinting of oils (unaffected by weathering)
is being investigated.
SSIE No.: ZMA-709-1
196
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R-191-74
EMULSION FORMED FROM CRUDE OIL SPILT AT SEA
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: University of Nottingham, Nottingham,
England
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-1043
R-192-74
OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH
Principal Investigator: Wasik, S. P.
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Bureau of Standards, Washington,
D.C. 20234
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Maritime
Administration
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $50,000
The solubilities of petroleum-type hydrocarbons in fresh and
seawater over ocean temperature and salinity ranges are being
determined.
SSIE No.: ZBM-19
197
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B. OIL POLLUTION CONTROL
1. CONTAINMENT
R-193-74
BREAKING OF OIL-WATER EMULSIONS
Principal Investigators: Kaufman, S., and R. C. Little
Performing Organization: U.S. Navy Research Laboratory,
Washington, D.C. 20390
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy #DN220050
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The contract provides for the development of methods to prevent
oil dispersions in ballast and bilge water aboard ships and
in natural waters. Studies to devise techniques for cleaning
bilges are also underway.
Cleanup
SSIE No.: ZQN-220050
R-194-74
CARGO HANDLING AND TERMINALS
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency: U.S.
Powers, J. V.
U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Maritime Research Center, P.O. Box
1600, Galveston, Texas 77550
Department of Commerce, Maritime
Administration
Period: 7/72 to 6/73
Funds: Unknown
Studies are being conducted to test and evaluate an offshore
deepwater oil containment system, to evaluate systems for sub-
merged oil pipeline leak detection and isolation, and to learn
current American Merchant Marine cargo handling and management
techniques.
Design and Engineering
SSIE No.: ZBM-36
R-195-74
STUDY AND ASSESSMENT OF EQUIPMENT FOR CONTAINMENT OF OIL AT SEA
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England
198
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Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-744
R-196-74
DETERMINE PHYSICAL PARAMETERS WHICH AFFECT OIL SPILL CONTAINMENT
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Environmental Research
Center, 5555 Ridge Avenue, Cincinnati,
Ohio 45213
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: ZMA-778
199
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2. CLEANUP
R-197-74
TRIALS FOR SINKING OIL
Principal Investigator: Cole, H. A.
Performing Organization: Ministry of Agriculture, Lowestoft,
England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE
SSIE No.: WDQ-573
R-l98-74
ABSORBENT RECOVERY SYSTEMS
Principal Investigator: Hall, D.
Performing Organization: Ocean Design Engineering Company,
600 E. Ocean, Long Beach, California
90802
Supporting Agency: American Petroleum Institute
Period: 1/73 to 12/73 Funds: $230,000
The design of the sorbent distribution and harvesting systems
of a marine weed harvester used as an absorbent recovery device
is being optimized and an at-sea, open-water prototype device
is being constructed.
SSIE No.: PAP-80
R-199-74
ASSESSMENT AND TESTING OF OIL DISPERSANTS FOR USE AT SEA
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-734
200
-------
R-200-74
ASSESSMENT OF DEVICES FOR THE REMOVAL OF OIL FROM INSHORE
AND INLAND WATERS
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-738
R-201-74
ASSESSMENT OF OIL SINKING AGENTS AND POSSIBLE DEVELOPMENT OF
NEW AGENTS
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-739
R-202-74
STUDY AND ASSESSMENT CRAFT INCLUDING THEIR DEPLOYMENT FOR USE
IN THE RECOVERY OF OIL AT SEA AND IN INSHORE AND INLAND WATERS
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-741
R-203-74
STUDY AND ASSESSMENT OF DEVICES FOR RECOVERY OF OIL AT SEA
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England, United Kingdom
201
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Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-742
R-204-74
STUDY AND ASSESSMENT OF OIL COLLECTION, SEPARATION, STORAGE
AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS AT SEA
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-743
R-205-74
STUDY AND ASSESSMENT OF OIL SCAVENGING AGENTS FOR USE ON
INSHORE AND INLAND WATERS
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-745
R-206-74
TRIALS FOR SINKING OIL
Principal Investigator: Robinson, A. J.
Performing Organization: Department of Trade and Industry,
Stevenage, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-735
202
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R-207-74
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL METHODS OF DISPERSING OIL AT SEA
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: University of London, London, England,
United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-1051
R-208-74
ASSESSMENT AND TESTING OF OIL DISPERSANTS FOR USE AT SEA
Principal Investigator: Wood, P. C.
Performing Organization: Ministry of Agriculture, Burnham on
Crouch, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-719
R-209-74
TREATMENT OF OIL SPILLS, ESPECIALLY SINKING OR DISPERSION
Principal Investigator: Wood, P. C.
Performing Organization: Ministry of Agriculture, Burnham on
Crouch, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-718
R-210-74
NILSLIC
Principal Investigator: Young, P. H.
Performing Organization: ICI Australia, Limited, Ascot Vale,
Victoria, Australia
Supporting Agency: ICI Australia Limited
203
-------
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
A novel process for recovering spilled oil from rivers and the
sea is being evaluated.
SSIE No.: WAS-743
R-211-74
BILGE AND BALLAST WATER OIL POLLUTION CONTROL FOR NAVAL SHIPS
Principal Investigators: Yu, T.S., and S. M. Finger
Performing Organization: U.S. Navy, Ship Research and
Development Center, Annapolis,
Maryland 21402
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: ZQN-710112-3
204
-------
C. EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION
1. BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
R-212-74
FATE AND EFFECTS OF OIL AND OIL COMPOUNDS ON MARINE COASTAL
ECOSYSTEMS
Principal Investigators: Bean, R. M., and J. A. Lichatowich
Performing Organization: Battelle Memorial Institute, P.O.
Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
Supporting Agency: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Biomedical
and Energy Research Division
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $60,000
A study will be conducted on the effects on the marine environ-
ment of chronic discharge of oil as a result of spillage from
marine transport, industrial operations and land run-off. Such
sources of oil present an increasing threat to valuable natural
resources.
SSIE No.: ZPE-10398
R-213-74
EFFECTS OF OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS ON MARINE AND ANADROMOUS FISHES
AND INVERTEBRATES
Principal Investigator: Brocksen, R. W.
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, Tiburon
Fisheries Laboratory, P.O. Box 98,
Belvedere, California 94920
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
National Marine Fisheries Service, No. 28181010
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $70,000
Experiments are being conducted to determine the acute and chronic
effects of oil and oil products on marine and anadromous fishes
and invertebrates.
SSIE No.: ZBP-511
R-214-74
WATER FOWL DISPERSION STUDY - PROJECT NO. OS-12B
Principal Investigator: Crummit, J.
Performing Organization: Biological Field Services Company,
P.O. Box 3836, Visalia, California 93277
205
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Supporting Agency: American Petroleum Institute
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $10,000
In addition to water fowl response to noise studies, the
feasibility of moving water fowl from oil spill threatened
areas is being evaluated and the longevity of evacuation
is being determined.
SSIE No.: PAP-77
R-215-74
FAUNAL RELATIONSHIPS TO HYDROCARBONS
Principal Investigator: Farragut, R. N.
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, Miami
Fisheries Laboratory, 75 Virginia
Beach Drive, Miami, Florida 33149
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
National Marine Fisheries Service, No. SEC-
008-76-IE-A
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $97,300
Hydrocarbon components of marine fauna and their relationship
to environmental parameters are being determined.
SSIE No.: ZBP-680
R-216-74
THE MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Principal Investigator: Gibson, D. T.
Specialty: Microbiology
Performing Organization: University of Texas, School of Natural
Sciences, 200 West 21st Street, Austin,
Texas 78712
Supporting Agency: Robert A. Welch Foundation
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $15,000
Studies are being conducted on the ability of microorganisms to
degrade aromatic hydrocarbons.
SSIE No.: PRW-585-2
R-217-74
EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM OILS, OIL DISPERSANTS, PETROCHEMICAL WASTES,
AND ASSOCIATED POLLUTANTS ON MARINE LIFE
Principal Investigator: Hegre, C. S.
206
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Performing Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Environmental Research
Center, Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Supporting Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 16AAV 12 72P17877
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
Variability of toxic levels to aquatic organisms and water
qualities which influence response are being investigated.
Interim safe level standards are to be provided based upon
field studies.
Analysis
SSIE No.: ZMA-644-1
R-218-74
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES OF FISHES TO OIL,
LEACHATES, AND OTHER POLLUTANTS
Principal Investigators: Karinen, J., and S. Rice
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, Pacific
Northwest Fisheries Research Center,
2725 Montlake Blvd. E, Seattle,
Washington 98102
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
National Marine Fisheries Service,
No. 28189073
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $76,800
The effects of Alaskan crude oil on Alaskan organisms are being
investigated as part of an effort to predict, prevent, and
alleviate damage to Alaskan coastal fishery resources due to
petroleum development. Acute and chronic bioassays, oil avoidance
tests, and enzyme assays are being conducted primarily on pink
salmon fry.
SSIE No.: ZBP-400
R-219-74
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY CRITERIA
Principal Investigator: London, S. A.
Performing Organization: U.S. Air Force Aerospace Medical
Research Lab, 6570 Wright Patterson
A.F.B., Dayton, Ohio 45433
207
-------
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Air Force
#DF312920
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
The project proposes to determine the effects of missile
propellants, petroleum products and other substances used
in Air Force operations on a broad spectrum of plant and fish
species; to insure that such reactive materials are not dis-
ruptive to the environment. Environmental pollution toxicology
criteria will also be developed.
SSIE No.: ZQF-312920-1
R-220-74
PROBABLE EFFECTS OF TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE, TERMINALS, AND TANKER
FACILITIES ON ALASKA'S FISHERIES
Principal Investigators: Merrell, T. R., R. T. Myren, J. Pella,
and N. Smith
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, Auke Bay,
Fisheries Laboratory, P.O. Box 155,
Auke Bay, Alaska 99821
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
National Marine Fisheries Service, No. R8110283
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $65,000
Field research activities are being conducted which are useful
in the prevention, alleviation and evaluation of damage to Alaska's
coastal fishing resources threatened by petroleum development.
Intertidal biota baseline studies and oil toxicity experiments are
in progress.
SSIE No.: ZBP-398
R-221-74
EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTS ON ALASKA'S LIVING MARINE
RESOURCES
Principal Investigators: Merrell, T. R., R. T. Myren, R. Rice,
H. E. Bruce, H. Sears, and C. R. Mattson
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, Auke Bay
Fisheries Laboratory, P.O. Box 155,
Auke Bay, Alaska 99821
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, National
Marine Fisheries Service, No. 720581 028180928
208
-------
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $250,000
Research is being conducted to help prevent and alleviate
damage to Alaska's coastal fisheries threatened by development
(including petroleum development). Baseline measures, oil
toxicity, and catastrophe prediction (oil spills) are some of
the areas being examined.
SSIE No.: ZBP-309
R-222-74
EFFECT OF NATURAL OIL SEEPS ON MARINE ORGANISMS
Principal Investigators: Merrell, T. R., and H. S. Sears
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, Auke Bay
Fisheries Laboratory, P.O. Box 155,
Auke Bay, Alaska 99821
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, National
Marine Fisheries Service, No. R8110187
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $3,000
Natural intertidal oil seeps in Alaska are being located and
marine intertidal invertebrates are being collected for analysis
and determination of hydrocarbon baseline levels.
Analysis
SSIE No.: ZBP-399
R-223-74
DETERMINATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OFF-SHORE
PIPELINES
Principal Investigator: Morrison, D. L.
Performing Organization: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King
Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43201
Supporting Agency: No formal support reported
Period: 1/73 to 12/73 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
Physical effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: WZ-2622
209
-------
R-224-74
DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF A SALT MARSH MICROCOSM AS AN OIL
POLLUTION RESEARCH TOOL
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency: U.S.
Nadeau, R. J.
Oil Spills Branch, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Edison Water Quality Lab, Edison,
New Jersey 08817
Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 21 APU-02
Period: 7/72 to 6/73
Funds: $2,000
Plant and animal growth and development in a salt marsh micro-
cosm were analyzed before and after contamination of the area
with low concentrations of oil. The project will evaluate the
consequences of using microcosms to measure effects of pollutants
on natural environments.
SSIE No.: ZMA-649
R-225-74
MARINE TUNICATE RESPONSE TO LOW LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS OF OIL
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization
Supporting Agency: U.S
Nadeau, R. J.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Environmental Research
Center, 5555 Ridge Avenue,
Cincinnati, Ohio 45213
Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development,
No. 21 APU 02 72P17906
Period: 7/73 to 6/74
Funds: Unknown
A continuous flow system was developed to screen macroinverte-
brate marine animals for possible indicator species that
could be used to determine the impact of an oil spill on marine
populations. Sublethal responses of the tunicate Molgula
manhattensis to low concentrations of oil were observed.
SSIE No.: ZMA-650-1
R-226-74
REMOTE SENSING - WATER AND LAND POLLUTION, BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC
DEGRADATION, ENERGY BUDGET AND CULTURAL PRESSURES
Principal Investigator: Nelson, C. H.
210
-------
Performing Organization: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, Langley Research
Center, Hampton, Virginia 23365
Supporting Agency: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, Aeronautics and Space
Technical Office, Langley Research Center
No. 160-75-22 7370494
Period: 7/72 to 6/73
Funds: Unknown
Ecological consequences of specific man-made and natural
pollutants in estuaries of the lower Chesapeake Bay are being
measured. An experiment being conducted is the monitoring of
the fate and effects of oil spilled in mini-ecosystems con-
structed in a tidal marsh.
Physical effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: ZH-21705
R-227-74
BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN SEAWATER FOR NAVAL POLLUTION CONTROL
Principal Investigators:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency: U.S.
Period: 7/73 to 6/74
O'Neill, T. B., and D. B. Chan
U.S. Navy Civil Engineering
Laboratory, Point Mugu, Port Hueneme,
California 93041
Department of Defense, Navy
Funds: Unknown
Investigations are being conducted to find microorganisms that
are capable of degrading oil products in seawater efficiently,
and to develop techniques to isolate and mass produce these
organisms for field application.
Cleanup
SSIE No.: ZQN-144052
R-228-74
THE MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
Principal Investigator: Perry, J. J.
Performing Organization: University of North Carolina, School
of Agriculture, Raleigh, North Carolina
27607
Supporting Agency: North Carolina State Government
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
211
-------
The total number and distribution of hydrocarbon utilizers
that occur in coastal North Carolina seawater, salt marshes,
and soil will be investigated. Isolated colonies and combined
populations of microorganisms will be cultured on single
petroleum fractions or complex petroleum.
SSIE No.: YNC-186-2
R-229-74
EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ON THE AQUATIC RESOURCES
Principal Investigators:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Agency: U.S.
Snyder, G. R., T. Blahm, J. Hughes,
R. Clark, and C. Sims
U.S. Department cf Commerce, National
Fisheries Service, 2725 Montlake Blvd.,
Seattle, Washington 09102
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, National
Marine Fisheries Service
Period: 7/72 to 6/73
Funds: $393,000
A study is being conducted to determine environmental variables
in estuaries that are or will be altered by industrial or water
resource development. Food chain bioenergetics and synergistic
effects of ecological changes on the aquatic biota will be
evaluated.
Physical effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: ZBP-499
R-230-74
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF CONTAMINANTS - EFFECT OF ALTERATIONS
IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization
Supporting Agency: U.S
Stansby, M. E.
U.S. Department of Commerce, Environ-
mental Conservation Division,
2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle,
Washington 98112
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, National
Marine Fisheries Service, No. FB 1100 2 818 A4
Period: 7/73 to 6/74
Funds: $305,300
Petroleum hydrocarbons are included among the contaminants being
examined in a study of the natural and man-induced environmental
effects on the distribution, abundance, and function of aquatic
organisms in the lower Columbia River and estuary, and in the
northern Puget Sound.
SSIE No.: ZBP-625
212
-------
R-231-74
SURVEY OF SUBLETHAL EFFECTS ON BIOTA OF CHRONIC NATURAL
EXPOSURE TO OIL
Principal Investigator: Straughan, D.
Performing Organization: University of Southern California,
Allan Hancock Foundation, University
Park, Los Angeles, California 90007
Supporting Agency: American Petroleum Institute
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
California beach areas subject to long-term oil exposure will
be surveyed for growth irregularities and abnormalities of the
biota. Unpolluted beach areas will be surveyed and used as
controls.
SSIE No.: PAP-76
R-232-74
PROCESSING OF BUNKER C OIL PARTICLES BY ZOOPLANKTON
Principal Investigator: Strickler, J. R.
Specialty: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Performing Organization: Johns Hopkins University, School of
Arts, Charles and 34th Streets,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218
Supporting Agency: American Chemical Society, No. 2740G1
Period: 9/72 to 8/73 Funds: $3,500
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: PCS-1856
R-233-74
ECOLOGICAL CYCLING OF PETROLEUM DERIVATIVES
Principal Investigators: Turner, M. R., R. L. Ferguson, and
D. A. Wolfe
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, Atlantic
Estuarine Fisheries Center, Beaufort,
North Carolina 28516
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
National Marine Fisheries, No. R8110303
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $37,200
The fate of various petroleum-based hydrocarbons in simple and
polytrophic cultures of marine and estuarine organisms is being
investigated using labeled pure hydrocarbons.
SSIE No.: ZBP-462
213
-------
R-234-74
BACTERIOLOGICAL DEGRADATION OF OIL
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: University of Wales, Bangor Caerns,
Wales
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
NO summary provided to SSIE.
Cleanup
SSIE No.: WDQ-1052
R-235-74
ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS OF OIL AND OIL DISPERSANTS ON FISH,
SHELLFISH AND OTHER MARINE RESOURCES
Principal Investigator: Wood, P. C.
Performing Organization: Ministry of Agriculture, Burnham on
Crouch, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: WDQ-720
214
-------
2. ECONOMIC
R-236-74
EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION ON FISH EATING QUALITIES
Principal Investigator: Burgess, G. H.
Performing Organization: Ministry of Agriculture, Aberdeen,
Scotland, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
Biological effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: WDQ-746
R-237-74
EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION ON FISH EATING QUALITIES
Principal Investigator: Wood, P. C.
Performing Organization: Ministry of Agriculture, Burnham on
Crouch, England, United Kingdom
Supporting Agency: United Kingdom Government
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
No summary provided to SSIE.
Biological effects of oil pollution
SSIE No.: WDQ-511
215
-------
3. GENERAL EFFECTS
R-238-74
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
ON GEORGES BANK
Principal Investigator: Knebel, H. J.
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of the Interior,
Geological Survey, Woods Hole,
Massachusetts 02543
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological
Survey, Geological Division, No. 9810-00973
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
The project encompasses physical, chemical, geological, and
biological studies to determine the spatial and temporal
variability of the primary dynamic factors involved in oil spill
dispersal. Such studies will provide baseline data on environ-
mental factors affected by oil spills.
SSIE No.: ZUA-2451
216
-------
D. OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION
1. DESIGN AND ENGINEERING
R-239-74
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Principal Investigator: Geier, F. H.
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Reclamation, Denver Federal
Center, Bldg. 67, Denver, Colorado
80225
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Reclamation, No. DR-248
Period: 7/73 to 6/74 Funds: $5,000
Studies must be undertaken to develop an efficient method to
reclaim insulating oils by identifying and removing contaminants
which degrade the oils.
SSIE No.: ZUF-589-2
R-240-74
CONCEPT TESTING FOR OIL/WATER SEPARATION
Principal Investigator: Mitchell, G. E.
Performing Organization: Todd Shipyards Corporation, Galveston,
Texas 77550
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Maritime
Administration, No. 037412
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $198,000
In an effort by the Pollution Control Center to develop ship-
board systems and procedures and eliminate marine pollution,
concept testing of oil/water separation systems is being
performed.
Oil recovery and handling techniques
SSIE No.: GBM-84
217
-------
2. OIL RECOVERY AND HANDLING TECHNIQUES
R-241-74
OIL REMOVAL EQUIPMENT FOR NAVAL HARBORS - MULTICOMPONENT
EVALUATION
Principal Investigator: Graham, D. J.
Performing Organization: U.S. Navy, Civil Engineering Labor-
atory, Point Mugu, Point Hueneme,
California 93041
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Defense, Navy #DN044061
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
Evaluations will be made of a broad spectrum of equipment
which can be incorporated into an overall oil recovery
system.
SSIE No.: ZQN-44061-3
R-242-74
A STUDY ON PORT COLLECTION AND SEPARATION FACILITIES FOR OILY
WASTE
Principal Investigator: Moyer, E.
Performing Organization: Frederick R. Harris, Inc., New York,
New York 10017
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Maritime
Administration, No. 035933
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $645,393
The three phase project will determine the volume of oily
waste which would be discharged from ship and barge ballast
water and tank cleanings at U.S. ports; investigate available
systems for the separation/treatment and disposal of oily
wastes.
SSIE No.: GBM-87
218
-------
3. PERSONNEL TRAINING AND EDUCATION
R-243-74
REVISION OF U.S.C.G. - TANKERMAN'S MANUAL
Principal Investigator: McCready, L. S.
Performing Organization: U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Maritime Research Center, Great Neck,
New York 11024
Supporting Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Maritime
Administration, No. 044544
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: $60,000
No summary provided to SSIE.
SSIE No.: ZBM-43
219
-------
E. LEGAL ASPECTS OF OIL POLLUTION
R-244-74
LEGAL REPRESENTATION OF CITIZEN'S INTERESTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
Principal Investigator: Unknown
Performing Organization: Environmental Defense Fund, Riverhead,
New York 11901
Supporting Agency: Ford Foundation
Period: 7/72 to 6/73 Funds: Unknown
Legal and scientific work will be done in several areas of
environmental protection including oil pollution.
SSIE No.: QY-1575-2
220
-------
SECTION IV. PATENTS
A. UNITED STATES
P-030-74
FLOATING BOOM
Cerasari, N. P.
U.S. Patent 3,800,542
The design of a floating boom which can be towed around an oil spill
to collect and contain it is described.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974. 7(17).
Entry #W74-09177.
3,800,542
FLOATING BOOM
Nicholas P. Cerasari, Wilmington, Del.
Continuation-in-part of S«r. No. 25,450, April 3, 1970,
abandoned. This application Aug. 18, 1972, Ser. No. 281,850
Int. Cl. E02b 15104
U.S.CI.61 —IF llClilm
221
-------
P-031-74
FLUID-ANALYZER
Conley, J. D., D. E. Bel den, and R. D. Terhune
U.S. Patent 3,795,810
The apparatus provides continuous and accurate readouts measuring
the concentration of hydrocarbons in effluent over wide concentra-
tion ranges.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(8).
Entry E41168b.
3.795,810
FLUID ANALYZER
James D. Conley, Tulsa; Donald E. Belden, Sand Springs, and
Ralph D. Terhune, Tulsa, all of Okla., assignors to Fram
Corporation, East Providence, R.I.
Filed Nov. 27, 1972, Ser. No. 309,796
Int. Cl. GOln 21/26
U.S. Cl. 250-339 4 Claims
222
-------
P-032-74
POLYSILOXANE CARBAMATE COMPOUNDS
Creamer, C. E.
U.S. Patent 3,816,359
Siloxamine polymers treated with C02 and water, respectively,
result in silicone rubber foam whicn easily absorbs oil when
prepared on an oil-covered water surface.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #107066a.
3,816,359
POLYSILOXANE CARBAMATE COMPOUIVDS
Charles Edward Creamer, Ridgefield, Conn., assignor to Union
Carbide Corporation, New York, N.Y.
Filed May 10, 1972, Ser. No. 252,330
Int. CI.C08d 13108
U.S. Cl. 260-2.5 S 27Clalm»
An orgunopolysiloxane polymer free from hydroxyl radi-
cals, which contains at least one carbamate radical having the
formula
R' O
\ II
N—C—O—
223
-------
P-033-74
MULTI-UNIT APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING OIL FROM THE SURFACE OF A
BODY OF WATER
Daniel, W. H.
U.S. Patent 3,784,013
An apparatus has been developed in which oil is collected from
surface waters by moving the oil downward beneath the surface
of the water, and then upward into a receiving area.
Citation Source:
Selected Water Resources Abstracts.
7(15). Entry #W74-08020.
1974.
3,784,013
MULT1-UNJT APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING OIL
FROM THE SURFACE OF A BODY OF WATER
William II. Daniel, 541 Pulman Rd., Rogers, Ark.
Filed Feb. 8, 1971,Ser.No. 113,5S5The portion of the terra of
this patent subsequent to June 6,1989, has been disclaimed.
Int. CI.E02b/5/04
U.S. Cl. 210-242 5 Claims
224
-------
P-034-74
FLOATAGE COLLECTING APPARATUS AND METHOD
Parrel!, J. H., R. A. Bianchi, and E. E. Johanson
U.S. Patent 3,804,251
An oil separation technique is described in which a surface craft
carrying an endless belt is exposed to the oil on the water's
surface. The motion of the belt carries flotsam or oil in a
downward direction and discharges the substances into an enclosure.
Citation Source:
Selected Water Resources Abstracts.
7(20). Entry #10587.
1974.
3,804,251
FLOATAGE COLLECTING APPARATUS AND METHOD
James H. Farrell; Ralph A. Bianchi, both of Lexington, and Ed-
ward E. Johanson, Lynnficld, all of Mas*., assignors to Jill1'
Scientific Corporation, Burlington, Ma vs.
Continuation-in-partof Ser. No. 151,838, June 10, 1971,
abandoned. This application Mar. 6, 1972, Ser. No. 231,977
Int. Cl. B01d2//00
U.S. CI.210—83 22 Claims
225
-------
P-035-74
TREATING OIL SLICKS USING CHEMICAL AGENTS
Perm, R. L.
U.S. Patent 3,810,835. No illustration.
Chemical agents such as polyethylene glycol oleate, poly
(oxyethylene) oleyl ether, and N.N-dimethyloleamide are used
to treat open water oil slicks to contain them and prevent
uncontrolled spreading.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(2).
Entry #126560y.
P-036-74
CELL HAVING CATALYTIC ACTION FOR COALESCING OIL DROPLETS
Fowler, L. L.
U.S. Patent 3,800,945
A multilayered core tube effective in coalescing oil dispersed
in water is described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(12).
Entry #68184r.
3,800,945
CELL HAVING CATALYTIC ACTION FOR COALESCING
OIL DROPLKTS
Leslie L. Fowler, Tulsa, Okla., assignor to Cata-Sep, Inc., Tul-
sa.Okla.
Filed Nov. 26, 1971,Ser. No. 202,487
Int. Cl. BOIdJ?7/fl>
U.S. Cl. 210 — 73 4 Claim-,
226
-------
P-037-74
COMPOSITIONS FOR RECOVERY OF OIL
Friedman, R. H.
U.S. Patent 3,800,872
A process has been developed which removes oil from oil-water
mixtures by the addition of a medium containing a pH control
agent, organic gum, inorganic salt and o-cresol. Oil is
separated due to the medium's differential effects on the
viscosities of the oil and water components.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(10).
Entry #52073t.
3,800,872
METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR RECOVERY OF
OIL
Kobrt H. Friedman, Houston, Tex., assignor to Getty Oil Com-
pany, Los Angeles, Calif.
Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 152.411, June 11, 1971,
abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No.
42,328, June 1, 1970, abandoned. This application Oct. 10,
1972, Ser. No. 296,019
Int.CI. E2lb43t22
U.S. Cl. 166—270 40 Claims
P-038-74
CONTROL OF OILS FLOATING ON WATER
Gilchrist, R. E., and J. C. Cox
U.S. Patent 3,821,109. No illustration.
A composition is described which treats oil slicks and spills on
water surfaces so as to make the slick readily recoverable by
mechanical or other removal means. The composition is composed of
a drying oil, primarily derived from naturally occurring products
and a carrier for the drying oil, which is usually a solvent for
the drying oil.
Citation Source:
Chemical Abstracts.
Entry #96158d.
227
1974. 81(16).
-------
P-039-74
GROWTH AND RECOVERY OF CELLS OF A HYDROCARBON-UTILIZING
MICROORGANISM
Heilweil, I. J., and S. Srinivasan
U.S. Patent 3,813,290. No illustration.
Microorganisms were grown in an emulsion of oil and a mineral
salt nutrient medium; the emulsion was maintained by continuous
shaking. After cultivation, when shaking ceased, the cells
separated into the water phase.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(13).
Entry #76490c.
P-040-74
APPARATUS FOR REMOVING OIL FROM WATER
Hess, H. V., and E. L. Cole
U.S. Patent 3,800,950
The method .and apparatus for removing oil floating on a water
surface is described. Highly oleophilic plastic foam
particles are projected on an oily surface and subsequently
agglomerates the oil into lumps which can be contained and
removed.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(17). Entry #W74-09178.
3,800,950
APPARATUS FOR REMOVING OIL FROM WATER
Howard V. Hess, and Edward L. Cole, both of P.O. Box 509,
Fishkill, N.Y.
Continuation of Ser. No. 875,579, Nov. 10, 1969, abandoned,
which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 804,863, March 6,
1 969, abandoned. This application Jan. 8, 1971, Ser. No.
105,074
Int. Cl. K02b 15104
U.S. Cl. 210 —242 3 Claims
228
-------
P-041-74
SEPARATOR FOR OIL-CONTINUOUS DISPERSIONS
Jarvis, H. R., and E. A. Cole, Or.
U.S. Patent 3,812,027
Described in detail is a separator system for oil-continuous
dispersions. The separator contains a dispersed water phase
composed of a horizontal vessel with baffles and a unidirectional
electric field for resolving the dispersion.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #93830f.
3,812,027
SEPARATOR FOR OIL-CONTINUOUS
DISPERSIONS
Howell R. Jarvis and Ernest A. Cole, Jr., Houston, Tex.,
assignors to Petrolite Corporation, St. Louis, Mo.
Filed Oct. 17, 1972, Ser. No. 299,494
Int. Cl. B03c 5/02
U.S. Cl. 204—302 13 Claims
229
-------
P-042-74
DISPERSING A WATER-IMMISCIBLE LIQUID IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM
Kennedy, J. T., and F. A. Litt
U.S. Patent 3,816,329
When a mixture of oil and a 10-10,OOOA colloidal hydrous oxide
wetting solution (described in U.S. Patent 3,657,003) are
agitated under high speed conditions, a stable dispersion
containing ^74% oil will result. Examples of silicone oil
dispersions are given.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20.
Entry #127103p.
3,816,329
DISPERSING A WATER-IMMISCIBLE LIQUID IN AN
AQUEOUS MEDIUM
John Thomas Kenney, Lawrence Township, Mercer County,
and Frederic Alan Litt, Cranford, both of N.J., assignors to
Western Electric Company, Incorporated, New York, N.Y.
Filed May 24,1972, Ser. No. 256,550
lnl.CI.B01jl3/00
U.S.CI. 252-312 6 Claims
P-043-74
DISPERSANT COMPOSITIONS
Meinhardt, N. A.
U.S. Patent 3,804,763. No illustration.
An oil-soluble dispersant having emulsifying characteristics is
described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(10).
Entry #52118m.
230
-------
p-044-74
FLOATING BOOM STRUCTURES
Oberg, P. 0.
U.S. Patent 3,807,177
A description of an oil barrier system, the floating boom, is
given. The boom is composed of a curtain of cloth material
elongated vertically in the water supported by buoyant bags.
Citation Source:
Selected Water Resources Abstracts.
7(20). Entry #W74-10580.
1974.
3,807,177
FLOATING BOOM STRUCTURES
Per Olof Oberg, Nordmating, Sweden, assignor to Sanera Pro-
jecting Aktiebolag, Nordmaling, Sweden
Filed Dec. 15, 197 l.Ser. No. 208,313
Claims priority, application Sweden, Oct. 15, 1971,
13108/71
Int. Cl. E02b/5/04
U.S. CI.6I-IK 12 Claims
231
-------
P-045-74
CONTROL OF WATERBORNE OIL SLICKS
Preus, P.
U.S. Patent 3,795,315
A segmented floating barrier with a fluid absorbing skirt has
been designed to serve as an oil containment system.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(15). Entry #W74-08036.
3.795..1I5
CONTROL OK WAT KRBOKNK OH. SLICKS
I'uul I'rfiis. Smith kd.. Turns Rncr. N.J. 08753
Kik-d Jan. 2, 1970, Svr. No. 214
Int.CI. K02b (5/04
U.S. Cl. 210 -242 1 Claim
232
-------
P-046-74
PETROLEUM RECOVERY USING MISCIBLE FLUIDS
Rankin, M. R.
U.S. Patent 3,817,329. No illustration.
The constituents and method of producing a mixture which forms
a suitable oil-external emulsion are described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #124054n.
P-047-74
OIL-WATER SEPARATION ACCELERATION
Rhodes, H. M.
U.S. Patent 3,810,832
An oil water separator composed of polypropylene filaments, formed
in an inclined plane, can be arranged across the flow path in a
tank, ditch or holding pond. Oil drops coalesce on the plane and
move up to the water surface.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #93447m.
3,810,832
OIL/WATER SEPARATION ACCELERATION
MEDIA
Herbert M. Rhodes, New Orleans, La., assignor to
Oil Mop, Inc., New Orleans, La.
Filed June 1,1972, Ser. No. 258.506
Int. CI. BOld 17/02; E02b 15/04
U.S. Cl. 210—23 6 Claims
233
-------
P-048-74
SEPARATING OIL FROM AN OIL-WATER MIXTURE
Rhodes, H. M.
U.S. Patent 3,794,583
Oil can be separated from water by passing the mixture through
fibrillated strips of propylene. The separated water is then
passed through a fluorocarbon "impregnated" fabric to remove
any remaining oil.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(12).
Entry #66033s.
3,794,583
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING
OIL FROM AN OIL WATER MIXTURE
Herbert M. Rhodes, New Orleans, La., assignor to
Oil Mop, Inc., New Orleans, La.
Filed Aug. 28,1972, Ser. No. 284,089
Int. Cl. BOld 13/00
U.S. Q. 210—23 11 Claims
234
-------
P-049-74
FLOATING BARRIER
Sayles, J. A.
U.S. Patent 3,792,589
The apparatus, composed of a single sheet of reinforced rubber
extending above the water surface, serves as a floating barrier
to contain the spread of oil.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(15). Entry #W74-08025
3,792,589
FLOATING BARRIER
James A. Sayles, Kensington, Calif., assignor to Chevron
Research Company, San Francisco, Calif.
Filed Jan. 17,1972, Ser. No. 218,253
Int. CI.EOZb 15/04
U.S.Ct.61—IF 10 Claims
iZx-XJL 2J—JLLJ:
•&
P-050-74
BREAKING OF OIL-IN-WATER EMULSIONS
Schick, J. W., and D. R. Cushman
U.S. Patent 3,826,725. No illustration.
Separation of an emulsion into a water phase and an oil phase if
made possible by the addition of an electrolyte which adjusts
the pH, followed by passage of a B.C. current through the
emulsion to obtain a pH of 5, whereby separation occurs. The
mechanism involved in breaking the emulsion is the formation of
a floe which adsorbs oil onto the surface.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 18(20).
Entry #126580e.
235
-------
P-051-74
CLARIFICATION OF TAR SANDS MIDDLINGS WATER
Schutte, R.
U.S. Patent 3,816,305. No illustration.
The neutralization and clarification processes of middlings and
tailings streams produced during the hot water treatment of
Canadian tar sands are outlined.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #124095b.
P-052-74
OIL RECOVERY APPARATUS
Stewart, J. K.
U.S. Patent 3,794,175
An oil recovery vessel is described in which floating oil is
collected by water jets and carried to a receiving chamber.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(15). Entry #W74-08033.
3,794,175
OIL RECOVERY APPARATUS
Jo* K. Stewart, 22818-102nd PL West, Edmonds, Wash.
98020
FUed May 15,1972, Ser. No. 253,433
Int Cl. E02b 15104
l'-S.CI.210—242 18 Claims
236
-------
P-053-74
APPARATUS FOR REMOVING OIL AND OTHER FLOATING CONTAMINANTS FROM
A MOVING BODY OF WATER
Strohecker, J. W.
U.S. Patent 3,779,385
Described is a process in which floating pollutants such as oil
are removed from a moving body of water by the use of a skimming
system. Floating contaminants are diverted over a floating weir
and into a retention pond by positioning a boom diagonally
across the moving water. An underflow weir is used to return
pollutant-free water to the moving body of water.
Citation Source:
Government Reports Announcements. 1974.
74(21). Entry #13B Patent 3,779,385.
3,779,385
APPARATUS FOR REMOVING OIL AND OTHER
FLOATING CONTAMINANTS FROM A MOVING BODY
OF WATER
John W. Stroheckcr, Oak Ridge, Term., assignor to The United
States of America, as represented by the United States
Atomic Knerjiy Commission, Washington, D.C.
Filed Nov. 30, J971, Ser. No. 203,267
Int. Cl. E02h5/0«, 7I2H
U.S. Cl. 210-154 2 Claims
237
-------
P-054-74
FLOATING BOOM
Tanksley, N. D.
U.S. Patent 3,807,178
The design and operation of an oil barrier system, comprised of
several floats secured to a movable frame to form a floating
boom, are outlined.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10579.
3,807,178
FLOATING BOOM
Nrtld D. Tanksley, Walnut Creek, Calif., assignor to Pacific
Pollution Control, San Francisco, Calif.
Filed June 16,1972, Ser. No. 263,522
Int. C\.EQ2b 15/04
I.S.CI.61-1F 16 Claims
7_/JVj//»£^«.
•« ,_^J~rv'!>J ' d»"'^^\
238'
-------
P-055-74
BOOM ARRANGEMENT FOR CONFINING OIL
Van't Hof, G.
U.S. Patent 3,803,848
A boom arrangement is described, composed of a number of bar-like
parts connected to form a rigid wall structure. Several floating
walls can be adjacently arranged to surround, confine or sweep
an oil spill.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(20). Entry #W74-10591.
3,803,848
BOOM ARRANGEMENT FOR CONFINING OIL
Gustaaf Van't Hof, 10021 Lest«rford Avc., Downey, Calif.
Continualion-in-part of Scr. No. 829,303, J une 2, 1969, Pat.
No. 3,6 II ,728. This application Oct. 12, 1971, Ser. No.
188,313
Int. Cl. K02b 15104
U.S.CI.61 —IF 17 Claims
239
-------
B. FOREIGN
P-056-74
DEOILING OF POLLUTED WATERS
Abadie, A., H. Roques, and Y. Aurelle
French Demande 2,109,741
Separation of oil-in-water emulsions is made possible by passing
the emulsions through a column packed with oleophilic resin beads
and collecting the oil phase droplets.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #126555a.
P-057-74
APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR COALESCING THE DISPERSE PHASE OF AN
EMULSION
Alfa-Laval, N. V.
Netherlands Patent 73 12,706
The method describes the feasibility of coalescing hydrocarbon
oils ballast water by passing the emulsion through a bed of
particles with a higher specific weight than the emulsion, ana
preferentially wetted by the disperse phase.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(14).
Entry #82129h.
P-058-74
REMOVAL OF OIL FROM GASES OR LIQUIDS
Andreichev, P. P., V. A. Kurkovskii, A. N. Vorob'ev, and M. P.
Shilkina
U.S.S.R. Patent 415,026
Oil can be removed from liquid or gaseous substances by a process
carried out by coalescence and separation of oil drops followed
by purification on an absorber.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(4).
Entry #82142g.
240
-------
P-059-74
APPARATUS FOR THE SEPARATION OF OIL FROM WATER BY GRAVITY
Anonymous
Netherlands Patent 73 14,659
An apparatus is described in which an oil-water mixture is poured
into a column containing packing in the form of plates. The oil
forming a layer above the heavier water is removed at a top exit
and the water flows out through a bottom exit.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #126586m.
P-060-74
UNSTABLE EMULSION OF TWO NONMISCIBLE LIQUIDS
Anonymous
French Demande 2,180,500
A method is described by which an emulsion, such as an oil-water
emulsion, is separated into the two phases by filtering and
recycling processes.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #29330r.
P-061-/4
CLEANING COMPOSITIONS
Antonova, N. M., N. N. Balashova, E. K. Ivanova, 0. I. Selenskaya,
M. P. Nesterova, V. N. Maslennikova, L. A. Potolovskii, and A. B.
Taubman
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,332,479
Cleaning compositions of materials used in cleaning metallic
surfaces of petroleum tankers and containers are discussed.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #27569b.
241
-------
P-062-74
BREAKING OF PETROLEUM EMULSIONS
Ashimov, M. A., M. A. Mursalova, Z. A. Dadasheva, M. A. Israfilov,
G. A. Mamedov, Kh. M. Mamedov, and M. A. Mavlyutova
U.S.S.R. Patent 412,225
A petroleum soluble calcium alkyarylsulfonate (mol. st. 800-1000)
was added to a petroleum emulsion to break the emulsion and prevent
the contamination of waste water.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #124056q.
P-063-74
POLYPROPYLENE FOAM ADSORBENT FOR REMOVAL OF OILS FROM WATER
Azuma, K.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 44,987
Oil adsorbents with improved adsorbtive capacity for removing
oils from water surfaces have been produced by placing poly-
propylene and atactic polypropylene foams between two tightly
bound laps of synthetic fibers. The adsorbtive capacity of the
material was 22.5, 24, and 29 times higher than the conventional
material for various oils.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #111202j.
P-064-74
PURIFYING WATER
Beavon, D. K.
British Patent 9423/71
Wastewater from petroleum refineries, containing oils and particulate
solids, was purified by a filtration process through sand or sand-
coal beds, steaming to remove the oils and backwashing with water
to remove solid matter.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #29316r.
242
-------
P-065-74
VESSEL FOR THE REMOVAL OF OIL ON WATER
Brydoy, S., and A. Sletsjoe
Canadian Patent 939,614
A skimming device is described for the removal of oil after an
oil spill. Sweeping arms, fastened to a propel!ered vessel,
float on the water and direct the surface oil toward the intake
and suction chambers in the vessel.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #111203k.
P-066-74
BREAKING OF SPENT COLD-ROLL EMULSIONS AND OTHER OIL-IN-WATER
EMULSIONS WITH NONIONOGENIC AND ANION-ACTIVE EMULSIFIERS
Busch, F., H. D. Benn, and A. Bowi
German Patent 2,302,369
A process to separate oil-in-water emulsions is described in which
Nad is added to the emulsion followed by boiling, addition of a
ferrous or aluminum salt, and blowing of air through the emulsion
to bring about flotation and oxidation of the metal salt. The
separated oil is reusable and the wastewater is nonpolluting.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #124073t.
P-067-74
OIL EMULSIFIERS
Cook, T. E., and S. M. Craven
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,359,599
The various components of low toxicity oil emulsifiers for oil
removal from water surfaces are described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #96326g.
243
-------
P-068-74
APPARATUS FOR EMULSIFICATION OF OIL FLOATING ON THE SEA
Desty, D. H.
British Patent 1,347,841
The paper describes a floating apparatus which emulsifies oil
slicks with seawater. The system contains stiff bristled rotary
brushes which feed emulsifying agents into the surface layer of
oil and water, and agitate the layer.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #29334v.
P-069-74
CRUDE OIL SWEEP DREDGE
Dilney, E.
Canadian Patent 943,871
An apparatus is described which removes oil and sludge from surface
water by picking it up with an arm structure extending from a
vessel and transferring the oil and sludge to a discharge area by
a bucket conveyor system.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10030.
P-070-74
REMOVING OILS FROM WASTEWATERS BY FLOCCULATION WITH POLYMERS
Fukumori, R.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 32,469
Oils are removed from wastewater by treatment with a mixture of a
water-soluble salt of a water-soluble copolymer resin and a poly-
valent metallic salt. Steps in the removal are described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #111184e.
244
-------
P-071-74
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF IMPURITIES SUCH AS OIL OR
GASOLINE FROM PROCESS WATERS
Hakansson, E. A.
Swedish Patent 363,903
In the process, part of the water is continuously separated and
allowed to settle; a top layer is removed by overflow, the
remaining amount is passed into a heated chamber for gas
detection.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #126581f.
P-072-74
TREATMENT OF ADSORBENT USED FOR REMOVAL OF OIL FROM WATER
Hayashi, J., T. Nagao, M. Mizutani, T. Okamoto, and K. Tsukahara
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 52,180
By dissolving oil-adsorbed adsorbents, made from styrene system
polymer fibers in lightweight aromatic hydrocarbons, and then
adding the resulting solutions to raw oil for catalytic cracking,
the oil and adsorbent materials are recovered as petroleum
products.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #111218u.
P-073-74
APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PHASE SEPARATION OF EMULSIONS
Herce, J. A., and J. E. Heath
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,335,354
An aqueous suspension of oil absorbing fibrous material added to
an oil-in-water emulsion (composed of crude oil in seawater)
resulted in an oil-free water after continuous stirring.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(12).
Entry #66126z.
245
-------
P-074-74
USE OF OIL-CONTAMINATED WASTE WATER
Heynert, G., K. H. Peters, W. Kowalski, R. Zink, and G. Linnemann
German Patent 2,314,429
By adding oil to oil-contaminated waste water, a water-in-oil
emulsion is formed which can be used as a reducing agent for
iron ores in blast furnaces.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 18(20).
Entry #124642c.
P-075-74
PURIFICATION OF OIL
Ikhno, N. P., G. S. Garmash, and L. A. Zhernkovkova
U.S.S.R. Patent 406,871
The process of oil purification by hydration, addition of degreased
material, soaking and separation of precipitate is described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(14).
Entry #79641 p.
P-067-74
ACIDIC WASTEWATER-TREATING AGENT
Inoue, G., K. Iwata, and F. Goto
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 73 104,345
The patent application discusses the production of oil adsorbents
and describes the process for removing oils from wastewater.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #96123.
P-077-74
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE SEPARATION OF OIL OR SIMILAR
MATERIAL FROM WATER
International Pollution Control Corporation
French Demande 2,186,436
246
-------
Included is a two-phase procedure to remove oil from contaminated
water. The aqueous phase is pumped out and then a second stage
pumping separates the oil-water mixture followed by removal of air.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(14).
Entry #82124c.
P-078-74
REMOVING OILS FROM WASTE WATERS BY TREATING WITH FOAMED PLASTICS,
FLOCCULANTS, AND OXIDIZING AGENTS
Ishida, T., T. Satani, and S. Tanoi
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 36,157
An emulsion waste water containing oils was treated with a foamed
plastic powder, a flocculant, and an oxidizing agent to facilitiate
the separation of oil from the water.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #126573e.
P-079-74
ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE COPOLYMER FIBERS FOR ABSORBING SPILLED OIL
Kita, S., T. Kono, and Y. Nakano
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 39,585
The composition of a fibrous material used to absorb spilled oil
is described. The.product can absorb several times its weight
of heavy oil.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #122604t.
P-080-74
TREATING EMULSION SOLUTIONS TO REMOVE OILS BY FLOCCULATION AND
ADSORPTION
Kito, N., A. Kinbara, and H. Shiraishi
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 33,881
Removal of oils from an emulsion is achieved by (1) making the
oils unstable by mixing with a flocculant, (2) mixing with an
adsorbent and a flocculation aid to allow for the formation of
247
-------
floes, (3) flocculating with the flocculation aid, and (4) separating
the floes from the water.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(14).
Entry #82125d.
P-081-74
REMOVAL OF OILS FROM WASTEWATER
Komatsu, K., T. Inoue, K. Kasai, K. Harada, and H. Kumabe
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 46,256
A method for the removal of oils from water is described in
which the water containing the oils is contacted with crushed
or powdered vulcanized rubber.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #111182c.
P-082-74
REMOVAL OF OILS ON THE SURFACE OF THE SEA
Kondo, 6., and M. Hayashi
Japanese Patent 73 18,180
An experimental process has been developed which removes oil
spills from water. If pretreated soft foamed polyurethane,
soaked in heavy oil and in turn squeezed, is placed in oil
contaminated water, the polyurethane removes the heavy oils
from the solution.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(8).
Entry #41182b.
P-083-74
DETERGENT COMPOSITION CAPABLE OF SEPARATING OIL FROM WATER
Nakayama, S., N. Ito, and H. Kiyoya
Japanese Patent 73 39,207
Detergent solutions effective in separating oil from wastewater
mixtures when washing oil tanker interiors are listed.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #27581z.
248
-------
-------
P-084-74
SUSPENDED WASTE WATER TREATING PROCESS
Nishikado, H., T. Nomura, and Y. Kuroita
Japanese Patent 73 44,336
Treatment of an oil-water emulsion from a petroleum refinery
with a medium containing a coagulating agent, water soluble
resin and an inorganic salt or acid followed by mixing and
heating, has resulted in separating the oil component completely
from solution.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(10).
Entry #54139t.
P-085-74
TREATMENT OF FLOATING POLLUTANTS
O'Sullivan, D. J., and B. J. Bolger
British Patent 1,349,284
A simulated oil slick was sprayed with a solution of CH2C(CN)COMe
in CH2C12, and then became enclosed in a harmless polymer matrix
which sank. The enclosed slick could then be easily gathered.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #29333u.
P-086-74
OIL REMOVAL FROM WASTEWATER
Oswald, S.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,259,095
A technique for the removal of oil from aqueous oil suspensions
is described. The treatment includes addition of a cleaning
agent for flocculation, introduction of compressed air to obtain
a dense oil layer at the surface, and skimming and filtering of
the oil layer.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #111159a.
249
-------
P-087-74
SUBSTANCE FOR PURIFICATION OF WATER
Papirer, E., and J. B. Connet
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,355,000
Hydrocarbons are removed from water by polymers of butadiene-
styrene, polyethylene, polyisoprene, and rubber substrates.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #111367s.
P-088-74
DISPERSION OF OIL SLICKS
Parkinson, A., and R. W. Tomlinson
British Patent 1,338,385
A process has been developed to obtain stable emulsions of oil
slicks using an oil fatty acid as the emulsifying agent. The
fatty acid dispersed 10 parts crude oil in 1000 parts seawater
and was proven to be redispersible after removal of water.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(10).
Entry #51555q.
P-089-74
DISPERSION OF OIL SLICKS
Parkinson, A., and R. W. Tomlinson
British Patent 1,338,391
An emulsifying agent is prepared, composed of oil fatty acid
esters, which is capable of dispersing 10 parts crude oil in
1000 parts seawater.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(12).
Entry #65562b.
250
-------
P-090-74
COMPOSITIONS FOR DISPERSING OIL FILMS ON WATER SURFACES
Perlaky, C.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,356,092
Nonfoaniing compositions for dispersing oil films on industrial
waste water surfaces are described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(12).
Entry #68171j.
P-091-74
PURIFICATION OF OIL- AND FAT-CONTAMINATED WATER
Radke, D., A. Supp, and W. Radke
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,252,777
A process in which oil and fat are removed from waste water by the
addition of adsorbents such as graphite, coal or coke is described.
The adsorbent is formed and then impregnated with copper, lead or
antimony, so that it is heavier and settles out after becoming
loaded with contaminants.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #126564c.
P-092-74
WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN HYDROGENATION OF GAS OILS
Sasaki, T., K. Ide, K. Ito, and Y, Kawamura
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 54,402
Wastewater from scrubbing of gases from hydrogenation of gas
oils was steamed at pH 5.0 and stripped of ^S and oils, leaving
a colorless, practically odorless wastewater.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #126577j.
251
-------
P-093-74
MIXTURE FOR DAMMING AND HOLDING TOGETHER OIL ON WATER
Scott, P. R., and P. E. Titus
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,249,168
A method utilizing mixtures composed of at least an aliphatic
carbon, 10-20 long chain alcohol and a liquid or solid diluent,
to contain and contract oil slicks for collection and disposal,
is discussed.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #126558d.
P-094-74
OIL HERDER COMPOSITIONS AND REMOVAL OF OIL FROM WATER
Scott, P. R., and P. E. Titus
South African Patent 73 00,346
The compositions of materials suitable for removal of oil from water
(such as alcohols) are discussed. Application of the compositions
to the contaminated water surface is described.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #126553y.
P-095-74
APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING A LIQUID COMPONENT FROM A LIQUID MIXTURE
Shaus, B.
German Patent 2,352,508
Oil can be separated from water by an apparatus containing an
immersed cylindrical porous partition, such as a polyurethane
foam partition, which selectively passes the oil component to
an outlet.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #93451h.
252
-------
P-096-74
REMOVAL OF OIL FROM WATER
Sicard, M. C.
Canadian Patent 939,612
An apparatus for removing oil consists of receiving and discharging
ports and internal discs, spacers and stationary wiper blades for
separating oil from the oil-water mixture.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #111204m.
P-097-74
TREATMENT OF WASTE OIL WITH POZZOLAN
Sold, S.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 44,003
Waste oil is treated with pozzolan at >360° to recover light oil,
lubricating oil, heavy oil, etc., by a heating, cooling and
filtering process.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #96146y.
P-098-74
POLYURETHANE SPONGE WITH DISPERSED ADDITIVES IN IT
Strickman, R. L., and M. B. Strickman
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,356,460
The manufacture of polyurethane rubber sponges for use as cleaning
materials is discussed.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #107085f.
253
-------
P-099-74
ADSORBENT FOR TREATING OIL SPILLS AND WASTE OILS
Takeda, Y.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 10,187
A waste-solution sludge is kreaded, molded, dried, sintered,
impregnated with a hydrophobic substance and dried to yield
an oil adsorbent to be used for treating oil spills and waste
oils.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #29325t.
P-100-74
REMOVING OILS FROM WASTE WATER BY TREATING WITH DIBENZYLIDENE-
SORBITOL
Tamayama, M., and K. Tanaka
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 09,484
Addition of a solution containing dibenzylidene sorbitol to an
oil-water mixture is effective in separating the oils from the
aqueous dispersion.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #29324s.
P-101-74
REMOVAL OF OILS FROM WASTEWATER
Tamayama, M., and K. Tanaka
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 09,485
The composition of acidic wastewater-treating agents and the
apparatus used for treatment of wastewater (water used for washing
waste gases from the heavy oil-burning process) are discussed.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #96124q.
254
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P-102-74
REMOVAL OF OILS FROM WASTEWATER
Tamayama, M., and K. Tanaka
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 09,486
The paper discusses the production of oil adsorbents and describes
the process for removing oils from wastewater.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #96125r.
P-103-74
REMOVAL OF OILS FROM WASTEWATER
Tanaka, K., H. Yoshihara, and M. Mori
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 50,744
A method is described in which oils are removed from wastewater
by adjusting the pH to 5-9, adding surfactants, aerating,
settling, and separating floated or precipitated oils.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #96152x.
P-104-74
OIL-POLLUTION DETECTOR FOR USE ON MARINE PETROLEUM OPERATING/
STORAGE PLATFORM - USING U-TUBE APPTS.
Texaco Development Corporation
Belgian Patent 803,742
A pollution detector is described for the detection of petroleum
in a stream of water. Variations in the level of the stream of
liquid in a U-tube show the presence of liquid contaminant.
Citation Source: Selected Water Resources Abstracts. 1974.
7(19). Entry #W74-10033.
255
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F-I05-/4
APPARATUS FOR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF LIQUIDS
Tokumoto, T.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,354,596
A dielectric or insulating solvent, suitable for separating oily
contaminants from water, is fed through the bottom of an apparatus
containing two adjustable electrodes. When a high potential is
applied across the electrodes, the oil separates from the water
mixture and remains in the solvent to form a discrete layer which
rises to the top and is decanted.
Citation Source; Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(20).
Entry #123495v.
P-106-74
FOAMED POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITED FOR ABSORBING SPILLED OIL
Tomikawa, M.% A. Tsunoda.. K. Kaneda, H. Ohkawa, and Y. Mugino
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 09,483
Woven mats composed of foam strings of polyethylene (I) and
inorganic calcium have been found to be successful in absorbing
spilled oil in seawater.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(10).
Entry #50613v.
P-107-74
CARBONIZED CELLULOSE FIBERS FOR ABSORBING OIL IN WATER
Tsuji, T., and T. Arima
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 05,893
Described are cellulose fibers which when heated at a temperature
above the carbonization temperature, give an oil absorbent carbon
fiber. An example of the fibers oil-recovering capabilities is
given.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #107270n.
256
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P-108-74
ADSORBENT FOR REMOVING OILS FROM WASTEWATER
Tsunekawa, T., and T. Komoda
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 18,784
Described is an oil adsorbent formed by subjecting a porous
elastic material to an oleophilic, hydrophobic treatment.
The adsorbent can be used for removing oils from industrial
wastewaters.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(6).
Entry #293315.
P-109-74
PURIFICATION OF WASTEWATERS CONTAINING OIL AND GREASE
Wolfgang, F., L. Wuensch, W. Heyer, and G. Huettenrauch
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,339,143
Water containing oil and grease in emulsion is treated with
electrofilter ash which breaks the emulsion, absorbs the oil
and grease and then settles. Clear water remains.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(18).
Entry #1111663.
P-l10-74
APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS
Worlidge, R. F.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,342,809
An apparatus for separating immiscible liquids such as water
and oil has been developed. A continuous belt floats in the
fluid mixture and scrapes off the surface layer of liquid with
an adjustable blade. The liquid is then channeled into settling
chambers from which the liquids leave separately.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(14).
Entry #79734w.
257
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P-lll-74
OIL- AND WATER-RESISTANT SHEETS MADE OF FIBERS COATED WITH
OLEFIN-MODIFIED POLY (VINYL ALCOHOL)
Yano, M., H. Mori, and H. Nakamura
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 74 35,275
A sheet material composed of olefin-modified vinyl alcohol is
described. The material can be used as hoses for transporting
crude oil from tankers to shore storage facilities, and as
diaphrams for separating oil and ballast water in crude oil
tankers.
Citation Source: Chemical Abstracts. 1974. 81(16).
Entry #93827k.
258
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TOPIC CROSS REFERENCE
Monitoring: C-218-74, P-104-74
Remote Sensing: C-126-74
Sampling: R-184-74
Analysis: C-136-74, C-140-74, C-263-74, C-297-74, C-328-74, C-383-74,
R-170-74, R-216-74, R-222-74, P-031-74
Containment: C-147-74, C-169-74, C-198-74, C-202-74, C-209-74,
C-218-74, C-225-74, C-337-74, C-342-74, C-374-74,
P-030-74, P-035-74, P-045-74, P-049-74, P-054-74,
P-085-74, P-093-74
Cleanup: C-147-74, C-151-74, C-169-74, C-175-74, C-184-74, C-188-74,
C-197-74, C-229-74, C-230-74, C-234-74, C-237-74, C-241-74,
C-252-74, C-254-74, C-258-74, C-261-74, C-262-74, C-264-74,
C-269-74, C-271-74, C-274-74, C-276-74, C-277-74, C-279-74,
C-282-74, C-284-74, C-285-74, C-286-74, C-287-74, C-288-74,
C-290-74, C-293-74, C-294-74, C-298-74, C-302-74, C-303-74,
C-330-74, C-331-74, C-337-74, C-340-74, C-342-74, C-350-74,
C-361-74, C-370-74, C-373-74, C-374-74, C-383-74, R-193-74,
R-227-74, R-234-74, P-033-74, P-034-74, P-036-74, P-039-74,
P-042-74, P-043-74, P-044-74, P-051-74, P-055-74, P-061-74,
P-064-74, P-068-74, P-082-74, P-088-74, P-089-74, P-090-74,
P-098-74, P-099-74, P-106-74
Restoration: C-173-74
Biological Effects: C-129-74, C-138-74, C-151-74, C-172-74, C-174-74,
C-205-74, C-206-74, C-220-74, C-221-74, C-226-74,
C-304-74, C-305-74, R-166-74, R-169-74, R-174-74,
R-l79-74, R-236-74, R-237-74
Physical Effects: C-217-74, C-267-74, C-351-74, R-223-74, R-226-74,
R-229-74
Chemical Effects: C-142-74, C-245-74, C-295-74
Economic Effects: C-200-74, R-l78-74
Design and Engineering: C-154-74, C-155-74
259
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Oil Recovery and Handling Techniques:
C-146-74, C-173-74, C-200-74, C-212-74, C-219-74, C-228-74,
C-322-74, C-422-74, R-239-74, P-032-74, P-037-74, P-038-74,
P-040-74, P-041-74, P-046-74, P-047-74, P-048-74, P-050-74,
P-052-74, P-053-74, P-056-74, P-057-74, P-058-74, P-059-74,
P-060-74, P-062-74, P-063-74, P-065-74, P-066-74, P-067-74,
P-068-74, P-069-74, P-070-74, P-071-74, P-072-74, P-073-74,
P-075-74, P-076-74, P-077-74, P-078-74, P-079-74, P-080-74,
P-081-74, P-083-74, P-084-74, P-086-74, P-087-74, P-091-74,
P-092-74, P-094-74, P-095-74, P-096-74, P-097-74, P-100-74,
P-101-74, P-102-74, P-103-74, P-105-74, P-107-74, P-108-74,
P-109-74, P-110-74, P-lll-74
Research: C-131-74, C-138-74
Biological Effects of Oil Prospecting and Production:
C-292-74, C-396-74
General Effects of Oil Prospecting and Production: C-178-74, R-170-74
260
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TECHNICAL REPORT
(Please read Inunctions on the reverse
DATA
before completing)
T. REPORT NO.
EPA-670/2-75-044
2.
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS
November 1974 - February 1975
5. REPORT DATE
May 1975; Issuing Date
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7 AUTHOR(S)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
Floyd A. DeWitt, Jr., and Penelope Melvin
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Marine Science Institute
University of California
Santa Barbara, California 93206
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
1BB041; ROAP 21BEA; TASK 008
11. CWNWWCT/GRANT NO.
R-803063
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
National Environmental Research Center
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED,.
Quarterly, Nov. 1972-Feb. 1975
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
See also EPA-670/2-75-003, PB-240 719
16. ABSTRACT
The November 1974 - February 1975 Oil Spill and Oil Pollution Reports is the second
quarterly compilation of oil spill events and oil pollution report summaries.
Presented in the report are: (a) summaries of oil spill events; (b) summaries and
bibliographic literature citations; (c) summaries of current research projects; and
(d) patent summaries. This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of EPA Grant
No. R803063 by the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara,
under the sponsorship of the Environmental Protection Agency.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS C. COS AT I Field/Group
Bibliographies
Summari es
Patents
Documents
Research
Oil pollution
Oil spill events
Oil spill research
Oil pollution control
Oil pollution patents
13B
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
RELEASE TO PUBLIC
19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
UNCLASSIFIED
21. NO. OF PAGES
271
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
UNCLASSIFIED
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
261
- U S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1975-657-593/5380 Region No. 5-11
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Industrial Waste Treatment Research Laboratory
Edison, New Jersey 08817
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Spill and Oil Pollution Reports, November 1974 - February 1975").
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Industrial Waste Treatment Research Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
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