440-6-88-002
MODEL ASSESSMENT FOR DELINEATING
WELLHEAD PROTECTION AREAS
FINAL REPORT
By
Paul van der Heijde
Milovan S. Beljin
International Ground-Water Modeling Center
Holcomb Research Institute
Butler University
Indianapolis, Indiana
For
Office of Ground-Water Protection
Office of Water
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
May 1988
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Acknowledgement
This document was prepared by Paul van der Heijde and Milovan Beljin of the
International Ground-Water Modeling Center within the Holcomb Research Institute,
Indianapolis, IN,; under the guidance and joint management of the Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Ground-Water Protection, Marian Mlay, Director, and
Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, Clint Hall, Director. The project
manager for this effort was Carey C. Carpenter of the Office of Ground-Water
Protection. Additional support in EPA was provided by Ron Hoffer, James McNabb
and Scott Yates.
Contract support was provided under U.S. EPA/Cincinnati contract 68-03-3252 to
JACA Corporation, Fort Washington, PA.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Execut i ve Summary i i
Section 1. Introducti on 1
Section 2. Model Selection and Evaluation Approach 3
Section 3. Mathematical Models 4
Section 4. Selection and Evaluation Criteria 11
4.1. Model Selection Process 11
4.2. Definition of Criteria 11
4.2.1. Usability 12
4.2.1.1. Interactive Software 13
4.2.1.2. Documentation 15
4.2.1.3. Support 16
4.2.2. Availability 16
4.2.3. Modifiability 18
4.2.4. Portabi 1 i ty 18
4.2.5. Computer Use-related Efficiency 20
4.2.6. Reliability 20
4.2.6.1. Review 21
4.2.6.2. Verification 22
4.2.6.3. Field Validation 22
4.2.6.4. Extent of Model Use 23
Section 5. Information Sources 24
Section 6. Selected Models 25
6.1. Model Screening 25
6.2. Model Description 26
Section 7. Recommendations and Research Needs 29
References 31
Appendix A: Description of Model Characteristics A-l
Appendix B: Evaluation of Usability and Reliability B-l
Appendix C: Detailed Annotation of Selected Models C-l
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EXECUTIVE SUftlARY
One element of the 1986 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
of 1974 is the protection of wellhead areas from contaminants that may have an
adverse effect on public health. In establishing wellhead protection areas
(WHPA's), many factors need to be considered, such as the zone of influence
around a well or wellfield, the presence of interfering neighboring wells or
wellfields, water table drawdown by the wells or wellfields under
consideration, various sources of contamination in the well recharge area (not
necessarily the same as its zone of influence), and flow paths, transport
velocities, and travel times for various contaminants under various hydrologic
conditions. To determine a site-specific WHPA, a systematic analytic approach
must be taken. Mathematical simulation models provide a viable and often the
only method to determine the WHPA when quantitative criteria are used. Such
models are useful instruments in understanding the mechanisms of ground-water
systems and the processes which influence their quality. Through their
predictive capabilities, models provide a means to analyze the response of the
site-specific system to various management alternatives and potential public
health threats.
This report is aimed at providing the information on existing ground-
water flow and contaminant transport and fate models that might be considered
for use in a WHPA delineation study.
Although physical ground-water models can be useful for studying certain
problems, the present focus is on mathematical flow and contaminant transport
models in which the causal relationships among various components of the
system and the system and its environment are expressed in terms of
mathematics and translated into a computer code.
Flow models are used to calculate changes in the distribution of
hydraulic head of fluid pressure, drawdowns, rate and direction of flow,
travel times, and the position of interfaces between immiscible fluids. Two
types of models can be used to evaluate the chemical quality of ground
water: hydrochemical models describing equilibrium reactions or reaction
kinetics, and models to simulate solute transport and fate. Solute transport
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and fate models are used for the prediction of movement, concentrations, and
mass balance components of water-soluble constituents.
The major criteria in selecting a model for a particular site-specific
WHPA delineation are: (1) that the model be suitable for the intended use;
(2) that the model be reliable; and (3) that the model can be applied
efficiently. A model's efficiency is determined by the availability of its
code and documentation, and its usability, portability, modifiability, and
economy with respect to human and computer resources required. It should be
realized that a perfect match rarely exists between desired characteristics
and those of available models. If a match is hard to obtain, reassessment of
the selection criteria and their relative weight is necessary.
A major issue in model use is credibility. A model's credibility is
based on its proven reliability and the extent of its use. It is often
assumed that most program errors originally present in a widely used program
have been detected and corrected. Besides, successful application of a
program in situations comparable to that for which it was selected reduces
uncertainty in its applicability to the new situation.
A model's credibility can be evaluated in terms of level of review and
testing applied to it and by evaluating the success rate of its use. Testing
a code consists of two phases: (1) verification to check its accuracy and to
assure that the code is fully operational, and (2) field validation to
determine how well the model's theoretical foundation describes the actual
system behavior that the model has been designed to simulate.
Many of the models available have not been extensively reviewed and
tested. Review has often been limited to peer review of theory and project
reporting. Although most models have undergone some verification, the results
are rarely reported, especially for the more complex models. Only a few
models are reported to have undergone extensive field validation.
With respect to availability of ground-water software, a distinction can
be made between public domain and proprietary software. Models that are
available without restrictions in their use and distribution are considered to
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be In the public domain. Available proprietary software can be obtained or
accessed under certain restrictions for use, duplication, and distribution.
Selected Models
Sixty-four models were screened by a computerized search in the model
annotation databases of the International Ground Water Modeling Center
(IGWMC). These databases have been developed and maintained over the years
with major support from U.S. EPA's R.S. Kerr Environmental Research
Laboratory, Ada, Oklahoma. This search was followed by an evaluation of the
maintenance and update history of each model's code. The models were chosen
because of their availability, level of documentation, and applicability to
the wellhead protection zone delineation problem. Of the 64 models, 27 are
flow and 37 are solute transport models. Fifty-one of the models are
numerical, and 13 are analytical and semi-analytical. This report contains
appendixes with summary descriptions and detailed information of each model,
and a comparison of usability and reliability characteristics.
A major limitation of this study relates to the availability of data on
model usability, reliability, and portability. Many models have not been
subject to the extensive evaluation required to rate them according to the
criteria presented in this report. Additional activities should be Initiated
to fill in the information gaps present in this report.
Although adequate models are available for analysis of most flow-related
problems, this is not the case for modeling contaminant transport. Accurate
modeling of ground-water pollution 1s limited by some fundamental problems.
One limitation is mathematical: for the most complex mechanisms, available
numerical techniques are not always adequate. Finally, in most cases, lack of
quantity or quality of data restricts model utility.
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Section 1
Introduction
In 1986 the Safe Drinking Water Act (SOWA) of 1974 was amended to
strengthen the provisions for protection of underground sources of drinking
water. One element of the 1986 Amendments is the requirement for the states
to submit to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), within three
years of the enactment of the Amendments, a program to protect wellhead areas
within their jurisdiction from contaminants that may have an adverse affect on
public health. A "wellhead protection area" (WHPA) is, according to the 1986
Amendments, "the surface and subsurface area surrounding a water well or
wellfield, supplying a public water system, through which contaminants are
reasonably likely to move toward and reach such water well or wellfield."
Because the law does not specify the exact delineation of wellhead
protection areas, the actual extent of a WHPA is determined by the state in
which the area is situated. In establishing these site-specific areas, many
factors need to be considered, such as the zone of influence around a well or
wellfield; the presence of interfering neighboring wells or wellfields; water
table drawdown by the wells or wellfields under consideration; various sources
of contamination in the well recharge area (not necessarily the same as its
zone of influence); and flow paths, transport velocities; and traveltimes for
various contaminants under various hydrologic conditions. Additional
considerations in WHPA delineation are existing regulatory requirements;
characteristics of and uncertainty in the description of the physical system;
technical resources available for analysis and implementation of decision
making; and social, economic, and political consequences.
To determine a site-specific WHPA, a systematic analytic approach must be
taken. Such an approach can be based in part on the technical guidance the
U.S. EPA is required to issue (by the 1986 SDWA Amendments) within a year of
the Amendments enactment. Various approaches have been taken to regulate WHPA
delineation, including the use of fixed circles or rings around the well,
simplified variable shapes based on hydrogeologic mapping and classification,
and the determination of zones with prescribed minimum traveltime or residence
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time (CBW 1980). Mathematical simulation models provide a viable and often
the only method to determine the WHPA when quantitative criteria are
available. Such models are useful instruments in understanding the mechanisms
of ground-water systems and the processes that influence their quality.
Through their predictive capabilities, models provide a means to analyze the
response of the site-specific system to various management alternatives and
potential public health threats. A study in The Netherlands (CBW 1980)
indicated that for each site-specific WHPA delineation, various levels of
modeling complexity should be considered, ranging from monograms and simple
flow models to complex transport and fate models.
This report describes ground-water flow and contaminant transport and
fate models that might be considered for use in a WHPA delineation study.
Guidelines for model selection and model use are included in the technical
guidance document.
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Section 2
Model Selection and Evaluation Approach
The study reported here has been performed in two phases. In the first
phase, the expected use of ground-water models under the WHPA delineation
requirements has been analyzed and information collected on existing models.
In this phase, model selection and evaluation criteria were defined. These
criteria are based in part on the findings of the U.S. EPA Groundwater
Modeling Study Group (van der Heijde and Park 1986).
In selecting the groundwater models evaluated here, the IGWMC model
annotation databases have been searched. When necessary, additional
information has been collected from the IGWMC ground-water modeling research
collection, among other sources.
The second phase of the project, evaluation of models and reporting,
began with a screening of all model information in order to choose models for
more extensive evaluation. The final evaluation took place using the criteria
defined in the first phase of the project. Models considered useful in the
context of this study are described in terms of their hydrologic
characteristics, technical requirements, usability, reliability, and
economy. Each model has been rated with respect to applied quality assurance,
user-friendliness, accessibility, portability, and modiflability.
The report concludes with a discussion of research and development needs
for models and modeling methodologies.
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Section 3
Mathematical Models
Although physical ground-water models can be useful for studying certain
problems, this report focuses on mathematical models in which the causal
relationships among various components of the system, and the system and its
environment are expressed in terms of mathematics and uncertainty of
information.
Ground-water models can be divided into various categories, depending on
the purpose of the model and the features included. Apart from spatial
resolution (one, two, or three dimensions) and temporal definition (steady-
state versus time-dependent behavior), models can be distinguished based on
how the nature of the system is described: by deterministic models or by
probabilistic or stochastic models (Oomenico 1972). A deterministic model
considers the ground-water system as a deterministic system and is based on
definite descriptions of cause-and-effect relationships. Cause is generally
system excitation, while effect is the response of the system to such
excitation. In describing a system in deterministic terms these cause-and-
effect relations should be measurable and mathematically definable.
A probabilistic or stochastic model represents a system that allows no
precise prediction, but may be characterized by expected values within the
limitations of the probability terms that define its behavior (Domenico
1972). If one of the system variables is random, the system is stochastic
regardless of its deterministic elements.
Another major distinction between ground-water models is based on the
approach taken to describe the spatial characteristics of the system being
considered. When the total system is located at a single point, the system is
defined as a lumped-parameter system. In a distributed-parameter system the
cause-and-effect relations are defined for specific points or areas. In
ground-water modeling the distributed-parameter approach is most frequently
used.
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Input response or black box models are used to relate to each other,
empirically, observations of different variables made in such systems. This
approach is sometimes taken (1) to relate the rise of water levels over a
certain period of time (a response variable) to recharge, without any regard
for the location of wells or the manner in which the recharge reaches the
water table (Domenico 1972), or (2) to relate water level decline or spring
discharge to ground-water pumping. Input-response models are well suited for
probabilistic analysis. However, this category of mathematical models is not
discussed in this report because of their limited use in delineation of
wellhead protection areas.
The mathematical framework for distributed-parameter models consists of
one or more partial differential equations called field equations, of initial
and boundary conditions, and of solution procedures (Bear 1979). According to
the solution method adopted, a distinction can be made between analytical
models, semi-analytical models, and numerical models.
Analytical models contain a closed-form solution of the field equations,
continuous in space and time. As analytical solutions generally are available
only for relative simple mathematical problems, using them to solve ground-
water problems requires extensive simplifying assumptions regarding the nature
of the ground-water system, its geometry, and external stresses (Walton
1984). These simplifications lead to a model that includes relatively few
processes and thus a limited number of parameters. In addition, by
simplifying the descriptions of the processes they represent, these parameters
are often taken as constant in space and time.
In semi-analytical models, complex analytical solutions are approximated
by numerical techniques, resulting in a discrete solution in either time or
space. Models based on a closed-form solution for either the space or time
domain, and which contain additional numerical approximations for the other
domain, are also considered semi-analytical models. This model type includes
those that provide streamline and traveltime information through numerical
integration in space or time, of analytical expressions (e.g., Javandel et al.
1984).
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Recently, models have been developed for study of two- and three-
dimensional regional ground-water flow under steady-state conditions in which
an approximate analytic solution is derived by superposition of various exact
or approximate analytic functions, each representing a particular feature of
the aquifer (Haitjema 1985, Strack 1987). These models are much more flexible
than analytic models with respect to the hydrogeology and stresses that can be
incorporated without significantly increasing the need for data.
In numerical models a discrete solution is obtained in both the space and
time domains by using numerical methods to transform the field equations into
a set of algebraic equations which are solved using direct or iterative matrix
methods. If the equations are nonlinear, linearization precedes the matrix
solution (Remson et al. 1971). Because numerical models allow for great
hydrogeological detail, stresses, boundary conditions, and simulated
processes, their data need is significantly greater than that of analytical
models.
Various numerical solution techniques are used in ground-water models.
They include finite-difference methods (FD), integral finite-difference
methods (IFDM), Galerkin and variational finite-element methods (FE),
collocation methods, boundary (integral) element methods (BIEM or BEM),
particle mass tracking methods (e.g., random walk [RW]), and the method of
characteristics (HOC) (Huyakorn and Pinder 1983).
Based on model purpose, three types of ground-water models can be
distinguished (van der Heijde et al. 1985):
Prediction models, which compute the behavior of a ground-water
system in response to stresses on the system;
Parameter identification models or inverse models, which deter-
mine the system parameters by using direct or indirect methods to
solve inverse formulations of the prediction problem; and
Resource management models, which integrate hydrologic prediction
with explicit management-decision procedures in an optimization
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framework. In such models the management problem is described in
terms of objective function(s) and constraints, and the resulting
equations are solved by an optimization technique such as linear
programming (Gorelick 1983).
Prediction models comprise the largest category of ground-water models.
They are emphasized here because of their relevance to the study objectives.
Prediction models for ground-water system analysis can be further
subdivided into several major groups: fluid flow, solute and heat or energy
transport, hydrochemical characterization, and matrix deformation caused by
changing fluid and rock pressures.
Because this report provides information on existing models that could be
applied in site-specific WHPA delineation, only flow and solute transport
models are discussed in detail.
Flow models determine quantitative aspects of the movement of one or more
fluids in porous or fractured rock. One of the fluids considered is water;
the others, if present, can be air (in soil), or immiscible non-aqueous phase
liquids (NAPL's) such as certain hydrocarbons. A special case of multifluid
flow occurs when layers of water of distinct density are separated by a
relatively small transition zone, a situation often encountered when seawater
intrusion occurs. Flow models are used to calculate changes in the
distribution of hydraulic head or fluid pressure, drawdowns, rate and
direction of flow (e.g., determination of streamlines, particle pathways,
velocities, and fluxes), traveltimes, and the position of interfaces between
immiscible fluids. In modeling ground-water flow systems, a distinction is
made between subsurface areas which are partially saturated with water and
formations which are fully saturated.
Two types of models can be used to evaluate the chemical quality of
ground water: hydrochemical models and models to simulate solute transport
and fate. In hydrochemical models, the chemistry describing equilibrium
reactions or reaction kinetics is posed independent of any mass transport
process. These models, which are general in nature and are used for both
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ground water and surface water, simulate chemical processes that regulate the
concentration of dissolved constituents. They can be used to identify the
effects of temperature, speciation, sorption, and solubility on the
concentrations of dissolved constituents (Jenne 1981).
Solute transport and fate models are used to predict movement,
concentrations, and mass balance components of water-soluble constituents, and
to calculate radiological doses of soluble radionuclides. In principle, a
solute transport model is based on solving the partial differential equation
for solute transport under given boundary and initial conditions. A complete
solute transport model includes simulation of advective displacement of the
contaminant and additional spreading through dispersion, allowing for
transformations by chemical and microbial reactions. The final result is the
computation of concentrations and solute mass balances. Under certain
conditions such as low concentrations of contaminants and negligible
difference in specific weight between contaminant and the resident water,
changes in concentrations do not affect the flow pattern (homogeneous fluid
phase). In such cases the transport equation can be solved independently from
the flow equation, assuming the flow field is known. Some transport mccels
contain a flow submodel to provide the velocities required for solving the
transport equation.
In cases of high contaminant concentrations in waste water or saline
water, changes in concentrations affect the flow patterns through changes in
density and viscosity, which in turn affect the movement and spreading of the
contaminant and hence the concentrations (heterogeneous fluid phase). To
solve such problems through modeling, simultaneous solution of flow and solute
transport equations or iterative solution between the flow and quality
submodels is required (van der Heijde 1984). Models which consider both
displacements and transformations of contaminants are called nonconservative.
(Conservative models only simulate convective and dispersive displacements.)
Most transport models can handle only single species. Multicomponent
transport and chemical interactions are being studied, as is the case with
facilitated transport (e.g., of organics by colloidal particles).
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The transformations considered by nonconservative models are primarily
adsorption, radioactive decay, and biochemical transformations. Thus far, the
simplified linear representation of the the adsorption process has been
included principally in nonconservative transport models. This approach is
based on the assumption that the reaction rates are limited and thus depend on
the residence time for the contaminant, or that the reactions proceed
instantaneously to equilibrium. Biochemical reactions have been incorporated
as a first-order decay process. Research is focused on more complex
formulations based on reaction kinetics under aerobic and anaerobic
conditions.
Until recently, the inclusion of geochemistry in mass transport models
has concentrated on single reactions such as ion-exchange or sorption for a
small number of reacting solutes (Rubin and James 1973, Valochi et al. 1981,
Charbeneau 1981). Because multicomponent solutions are involved in most
contamination cases, there is a need for models which incorporate all the
significant chemical interactions and processes that influence the transport
and fate of the contaminating chemicals (Cederberg et al. 1985).
A special group of prediction models is formed by those that can handle
combinations of heat and solute transport and rock matrix displacement: the
multipurpose groundwater models. The heat transport option in such models is
used to evaluate thermal effects on ground-water flow and solute transport.
In addition to simulating convective and dispersive heat transport in the
fluid phase, such models may take into account heat conduction through the
rock matrix and heat exchange between the fluid and rock (van der Heijde et
al; 1985). However, current models of this type are not designed to include
effects of varying temperatures on chemical and microbial transformation
rates.
The deformation simulated by some multipurpose models calculates rock
matrix displacements resulting from changes in water pressures. These verti-
cal and lateral displacements can be caused by withdrawal of ground water or
injection of waste water, among other causes. A complicating factor in simu-
lating rock matrix deformation is that the permeability might be affected by
the matrix displacements. Some of these multipurpose models solve the system
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equations in a coupled fashion to provide for analysis of complex interactions
between the various physical, chemical, and biological processes involved.
Adequate models are available for analysis of most flow-related problems
regarding a single liquid. However, accurate modeling of ground-water quality
is limited by some fundamental problems. Not all processes identified are
adequately described mathematically. Furthermore, in many cases lack of
quantity or quality of data restricts model utility. This is especially the
case for spatial variability of flow and transport parameters and for the rate
constants needed to incorporate chemical and biological processes in solute
transport models. Therefore, the use of such models is restricted to
conceptual analysis of contaminant problems, to feasibility studies in
technical designs, to screening of alternative actions, and to data
acquisition guidance. These models generally lack predictive potential.
Note that the terms solute transport and contaminant transport have a
slightly different meaning. Contaminant transport relates to the transport
and fate of all chemical and biological compounds considered to be
contaminating the ground-water system, including hydrophilic and hydrophobic
chemicals, immiscible fluids, and exchange between phases such as across the
water-air boundary. Contaminant transport includes the transport of
solutes. Solute -transport models are limted in that they only simulate
transport and fate of in water soluable chemicals.
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Section 4
Selection and Evaluation Criteria
4.1. Model Selection Process
Using models to analyze alternative solutions to ground-water problems
requires a number of steps, each of which should be taken conscientiously and
reviewed carefully. After the decision to use a model has been made, an
appropriate model is selected by matching a detailed description of the
modeling needs with well-defined, quality-assured characteristics of existing
models (van der Heijde 1987). In selecting an appropriate model, both the
model requirements and the characteristics of existing models must be
carefully analyzed. Major elements in evaluating modeling needs are: (1)
formulation of the management objective to be addressed and the level of
analysis sought; (2) description of the system under study; and (3)
analysis of the constraints in human and material resources available for the
*
study. The major criteria in selecting a model are: (1) that the model be
suitable for the intended use; (2) that the model be reliable, and (3)
that the model can be applied efficiently.
Model selection is a process containing both objective and subjective
elements. It should be realized that a perfect match rarely exists between
desired characteristics and those of available models. Many of the selection
criteria are subjective or weakly justified. If a match is hard to obtain,
these criteria and their relative weight in the selection process must be
reassessed. Hence, model selection is very much an iterative process.
4.2. Definition of Criteria
Models for use in wellhead protection zone analysis have been evaluated
in two steps. First, the models selected are (1) suitable to answer some of
the questions that might be raised in delineation of wellhead protection
zones, (2) available and relatively easily obtainable, and (3) documented in
one or another form. Second, for each of the models selected, detailed
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information regarding their operational characteristics was collected and
evaluated.
In applying quantitative methods to delineation of a wellhead protection
zone, one or more of the following characteristics and variables of the
ground-water system is emphasized: (1) present and future hydraulic or
piezometric head distribution; (2) shape and extent of the cone-of-depression
or zone-of-influence; (3) streamlines or flow paths representing direction of
flow from or toward the well or wellfield; (4) flow velocities and travel or
transit time from certain locations in the ground-water system to the well or
wellfield; (5) contaminant concentration distribution in the aquifer; (6)
zones of contribution for the well or wellfield; (7) recharge areas where
aquifer replenishment takes place; and (8) water and solute fluxes near the
wells and at the boundaries of the ground-water system.
An important aspect of a model's use in ground-water management is its
efficiency, which is determined by the human and computer resources required
for its proper operation. A model's efficiency can be described by its
usability, availability, modifiability, portability, and economy of computer
use. Another important issue is the model's reliability.
4.2.1. Usability
Various problems can be encountered when a simulation code is implemented
on the user's computer system. Such difficulties may arise from hardware
incompatibilities or user errors in code installation, data input, or program
execution.
Programs that facilitate rapid understanding and knowledge of their
operational characteristics and that are easy to use are called user-friendly,
and are defined by their usability. Usability addresses important management
issues such as how quickly the program can be learned and put to use
effectively (Carroll and Rosson 1984). User-friendly programs generally
emphasize a consistent set of commands, extensive, well-edited documentation,
easy input preparation and execution, and well-structured, informative
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output. Adequate code support and maintenance also enhance the code's
usability. Generally, a program's usability is defined by its software
interactiveness, documentation, and user support; these considerations are
discussed below.
4.2.1.1. Interactive Software
Interactive software consists of computer application programs that
facilitate human/computer interaction during program execution. Such software
operates in a conversational mode through use of menus (lists of options),
icons (screen pictures of optional functions), and instructive text. Such
programs often allow for user input through various devices such as a mouse
and touch screens, in addition to the keyboard input. Interactive software is
available for the three main stages of the modeling process: presimulation,
computer simulation, and postsimulation.
The first stage of the modeling process, often called preprocessing,
includes data acquisition, data inspection and storage, data interpretation,
and model input preparation (van der Heijde and Srinivasan 1983). In the
second stage the actual modeling takes place by computer simulation
calculations. The final stage involves storage, analysis, presentation of the
computational results, and is often refered to as postprocessing.
Interactive preprocessing can take different forms. Data can be entered
into a file from prepared data sheets, using a word processor or line
editor. In this case, the user needs to ensure by way of post-entry
inspection that the data formats required by the simulation program are
correctly applied. Data can also be entered using a dedicated preprocessor, a
program that allows for interactive data entry and editing and that
automatically formats the prepared input file according to the simulation
program requirements, thus limiting the chance that format errors are
introduced in the datafile. Well-designed interactive preprocessors provide
an excellant means to control the quality of the data-entry process. They
allow for efficient interaction by providing correct order of informative
data-entry instructions. Some interactive preprocessors include error-
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checking features by placing upper and lower bounds on the values entered for
a particular variable. An additional benefit of interactive preprocessors is
that they provide a learning environment for inexperienced users, especially
if "help" features (optional calls for detailed explanation and continuation
instruction) are present.
The simulation program can be run in a batch mode, requiring user-
specified input files. In such a case the model runs independently of any
user-prepared file or user interaction. If the user has the option to
interact with the program during its execution, modeling becomes more
flexible. Such interaction might facilitate changing stresses during
successive simulation steps, or changing such modeling variables as time step
sequences. The most common user interaction currently provided by ground-
water modeling software is the restart option: after specifying changes in
number and size of timesteps, the last computed values are entered
automatically as initial values for the new runs. Interactive execution of a
simulation program can enhance the efficiency of the application by avoiding
reruns caused by incorrect parameter selection.
Postprocessors might be used to reformat and display or print the model
results in textual or graphic form and to analyze the results by means of a
variety of manual and automated techniques (van der Heijde and Srinivasan
1983). For most models, output for graphic display such as contouring can be
obtained by processing one of the output files directly, using display
software, or after some simple modifications in the simulation code. It is
often more difficult to generate time drawdown curves for selected locations,
based directly on model output, especially in the memory-limited microcomputer
environment. This problem should disappear with the next generation of
microcomputers and operating systems. Display of streamlines and isochrones,
among others, requires dedicated software, coupling simulation, and graphics
software. User/computer interaction in postprocessing is often aimed at
selecting the type of postprocessing (e.g., type of graphics), layout of
display, and including problem-specific text in the display (e.g., labels of
axis, site identification). Interactive graphic software aimed at grid design
(e.g., grid generators for finite-element models) is available for a limited
number of models.
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In this report the presence of pre- and postprocessors is rated as: not
present [none, N], dedicated [model-dependent, Dl, generic [can be used for a
class of models, might include separate reformatter for specific models or
display software, G], used for interactive runs [I], or status unknown [U].
4.2.1.2. Documentation
Good documentation is essential for efficient model use. It should
include a complete description of the equations on which the model is based,
the underlying assumptions, the boundary conditions that can be incorporated
in the model, the methods used to solve the equations, and the limiting
conditions resulting from the chosen method (van der Heijde 1987). Good
documentation should also include a user's manual containing instructions for
operating the code and preparing data files and sample problems, complete with
an exact listing of input required and output produced by the code. Also
necessary is a programmer's guide containing a description of the coding and
its structure, a discussion of computer system requirements, and code
installation procedures. Finally, a report on the initial code verification
should be available.
However, in many cases information regarding computer system requirements
as well as sample runs is incomplete or missing. The user's manual may be too
condensed, thus extending significantly time spent in getting the model
operational (van der Heijde 1985). Where documentation exists, it is often
incomplete and inconsistent, at times merely a collection of published
papers.
In the model evaluation process presented here, the presence of adequate
description of theory, user's instructions, example data sets, and results are
indicated by yes [Y] or no [N]. The availability of programmer's
documentation is discussed in the section on modifiability.
15
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4.2.1.3. Support
If a model user has decided to apply a particular model to a problem, he
may encounter technical problems in running the model code on the available
computer system. Such a difficulty may result from (1) compatibility problems
between the computer on which the model was developed and the model user's
computer; (2) coding errors in the original model; and (3) user errors in data
input and model operation.
User-related errors can be reduced by becoming more familiar with the
model. Here the user benefits from good documentation. If, after careful
selection of the model, problems occur in implementation or execution of the
model and the documentation does not provide a solution, the user needs help
from someone who knows the code. Such assistance, called model support,
cannot replace the need for proper training in model use; requests for support
by model developers may assume such extensive proportions that model support
becomes a consulting service. This potentiality is generally recognized by
model developers, but not always by model users.
In this report, software support and maintenance is rated as: none [N],
limited with respect to amount and level of support [L], unlimited [Y], and
unknown [U].
4.2.2. Availability
A model is defined as available if the program code associated with it
can be obtained or accessed easily by potential users.
The two major categories of ground-water software are public domain and
proprietary software (van der Heijde 1985). In the United States, most models
developed by federal or state agencies or by universities through funding from
such agencies, are available without restrictions in their use and
distribution, and are therefore considered to be in the public domain. In
other countries the situation is often different, with most software having a
proprietary status, even if developed with government support. In this case
16
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the computer code can be obtained or accessed under certain restrictions of
use, duplication, and distribution.
Models developed by consultants and private industry are often
proprietary. This may also be true of software developed by some U.S.
universities and private research institutions. Proprietary codes are in
general protected by copyright law. Although the source codes of some models
have appeared in publications, their use and distribution is restricted by the
publication's copyright.
There are two main options in obtaining proprietary software: (1) a site-
license for a limited number of installations, either for a certain period or
so-called open-ended; often includes maintenance and limited update services;
and (2) royalty-based use, i.e., a royalty fee is due each time the code is
accessed on a host computer.
Further restrictions occur when a code includes proprietary third-party
software, such as mathematical or graphic subroutines. For public domain
codes, such routines are often external and their presence on the host-
computer is required to run the program successfully.
•
Between public domain and proprietary software is a grey area of so-
called freeware or user-supported software. Although freeware can be copied
and distributed freely, users are encouraged to support this type of software
development with a voluntary contribution.
For some codes developed with public funding, distribution restrictions
are in force, as might be the case if the software is exported, or when an
extensive maintenance and support facility has been created.
This report (Appendix C) distinguishes between unrestricted and
restricted public domain codes and fully proprietary codes (obtainable through
site-licensing or royalty-based use). Programs accessible only on a royalty
base by connecting to a host-computer on a royalty base are not listed.
Appendix C lists program requirements with respect to proprietary routines
residing on the host-computer, when applicable.
17
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4.2.3. Modifiability
In the course of a computer program's useful life, the user's experiences
and changing management requirements often lead to changes in functional
specifications for the software. In addition, scientific developments,
changing computing environments, and the persistance of errors make it
necessary to modify the program. If software is to be used over a period of
time, it must be designed so that it can be continually modified to keep pace
with such events. A code that is difficult to modify is called fragile and
lacks maintainability. Such difficulties may arise from global, program-wide
implications of local changes (van Tassel 1978). Many software providers
prevent maintainability problems by distributing only compiled versions. In
that case, program modifications can be introduced only by the provider
himself. However, this leaves the user without the means to evaluate the
coding.
A code's modifiability is related to the size and complexity of the tasks
it performs. Codes which are easy to modify are generally based on structured
programming using modular approaches. Other important criteria of
modifiability are the use of ANSI standard programming language, along with
good programmer's documentation and extensive maintenance records, as the
programmers are often not the original developers.
Jo rate modifiability of a simulation program, its source code should be
reviewed. In this report such review is performed only for a limited number
of codes available to the IGWMC. Of the codes evaluated in this report, only
a few can be rated easily modifiable by programmers not familiar with the
code's development.
4.2.4. Portability
Programs that can be easily transferred from one execution environment to
another are called portable. An execution environment is defined by the type
and capabilities of the computer, the presence of peripheral hardware, and the
operating system under which the program will be executed. To evaluate a
18
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program's portability, both its software and hardware dependency must be
considered. If the program needs to be altered to run in a new computer
environment, its modifiability is important (see modiflability section above).
Hardware dependency of software is most significant for microcomputer
environments. The present limitation of the widely used microcomputer Disk
Operating System (DOS) to directly address more than 640 kilobytes of direct
or random access memory (RAM) has divided all ground-water modeling software
into two groups: software that can be adapted to this microcomputer
environment, and software that runs only on mainframe computers and
minicomputers. Thus, one of the major portability criteria is the program's
core memory requirements. In addition, mass storage requirements for input
and output files, as well for temporary files used during code execution, have
to be checked. Other hardware requirements that might pertain to the
microcomputer environment include the presence of a math coprocessor and a
specific graphic card and monitor (e.g., CGA, EGA, PGA, or Hercules mode).
Even among microcomputer systems, differences in central processor
architecture might preclude software portability (e.g., between INTEL'S 80286
used by the IBM AT and the Motorola 68020 used by the Apple Macintosh).
Hardware dependency of microcomputer software is particularly important with
regard to graphic devices such as plotters. The absence of microcomputer
standards and the omnipresence of IBM PC and AT ground-water modeling software
makes compatibility with IBM PC and AT virtually the only criterion a user can
apply in choosing hardware components.
For mainframe and minicomputers, software compatibility problems
sometimes occur because the source code needs to be recompiled each time it is
implemented on a different computer. Compiling-related problems occur
especially when computer codes include non-ANSI, machine-dependent language
extensions. Software dependency in the microcomputer environment, insofar as
it is related to ground-water modeling, occurs primarly in graphic post-
processing and interactive screen-editing. This is due to the specific
graphics environment of microcomputers. The latest versions of the major
microcomputer FORTRAN compilers are full implementations of the ANSI FORTRAN
77 standard, as is the case with most mainframe compilers. FORTRAN software
which does not require graphics can therefore be compiled in both the micro-
computer and mainframe computer environments without changes in the programs.
19
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Examples of highly portable models are the MODFLOW and SUTRA codes of the
U.S. Geological Survey (see Appendix B, no. 47, 53). An example of a
hardware-dependent program is THWELLS (see Appendix B, no. 56) because of
graphic requirements.
In this report a model's hardware dependency is indicated as present [Y]
or not [Ml. Additional information on required computer environment is
presented in Appendix C.
4.2.5. Computer Use-related Efficiency
Traditionally, efficiency in computer-science referred to the amount of
memory required to run a program. As the recent technological advances in
both semiconductor and mass-storage memory have resulted in sharply dropping
costs, the need for memory efficient programs has dwindled significantly.
Another major element of computer use related efficiency is the time it cost
to run a program, measured as the speed of a program (Houston 1984). This
speed is determined by the specific hardware-software combination being
used. The speed can be evaluated by benchmarking. The best benchmarking is
aimed at measuring the time to run a program under real life conditions for a
problem representing the intended dominant use of the program. Thus,
benchmarking is a carefully designed experiment in which the specific
applications of the program is simulated as close as possible. Thusfar, no
such general benchmark problems have been developed for well-head area
delineation purposes, nor for more general ground-water applications.
4.2.6. Reliability
A major issue in model use is credibility. A model's credibility is
based on its proven reliability and the extent of its use. Model users and
managers often have the greatest confidence in those models most frequently
applied. As reliability of a program is related to the localized or terminal
failures that can occur because of software errors (Yourdon and Constantine
1975), it is assumed that most such errors originally present in a widely used
20
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program have been detected and corrected. Yet no program is without
programming errors, even after a long history of use and updating. Some
errors will never be detected and do not or only slightly influence the
program's utility. Other errors show up only under exeptional circum-
stances. Decisions based on the outcome of simulations will be viable only if
the models have undergone adequate review and testing. However, too much
reliance on field validation (if present) or frequency of model application
may exclude certain well-designed and documented models, even those most
efficient for solving the problem at hand.
Reliability can be assessed by a review of model principles, coding, and
documentation, by testing the code in a verification and field validation
mode, and by evaluating the extent and type of experience gained by
independent users.
4.2.6.1. Review
A complete review procedure comprises examination of model concepts,
governing equations, and algorithms chosen, as well as evaluation of
documentation, general-ease-of-use, and examination of the computer coding.
Many of the models available have not been subjective to an extensive
review. In most cases review has been limited to peer review of theory and
project reporting. Some agencies have procedures in place for review of
models developed for or by the agency (e.g., U.S. Geological Survey, U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Battelle/Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency).
This report identifies peer-review of theory and coding. For each
category the rating is: peer-reviewed [Y], not peer-reviewed [N], and unknown
[Ul. A model is considered to be peer-reviewed if theory and code has been
subject to a formal review process such as established by certian agencies
(e.g., U.S. EPA, U.S. Geological Survey). In addition, a model's theory is
considered to be peer-reviewed if it has been published in a peer-reviewed
journal (e.g., Water Resources Research).
21
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4.2.6.2. Verification
The verification process carries two objectives (van der Heijde 1987):
(1) to check the accuracy of the computational algorithms used to solve the
governing equations, and (2) to assure that the code is fully operational. To
check the code for correct coding of theoretical principles and for major
programming errors, the code is run for problems for which exact or
approximate solutions are available.
In this report a model's verification status is rated as extensive [Y],
not verified [N], or unknown [U]. Models verified only with respect to
segments of their coding or for only a part of the tasks for which they were
designed are rated to have undergone partial or limited verification [L].
4.2.6.3. Field Validation
The objective of model validation or field validation is to determine how
well the model's theoretical foundation, including geometry, hydrogeologic
characteristics, natural and man-made stresses, and physical, chemical, and
biological processes and boundary conditions, describes the actual behavior of
the physical system for which the model has been designed. Model validation
is performed by comparing the results of model simulation runs with numerical
data independently derived from laboratory experiments or field observations,
using performance or acceptance criteria (van der Heijde 1987). Acceptance
criteria applied to a particular model often vary, depending on the intended
use of the model in planning and decision making. Note that correct field
validation does not allow for calibration of the model preceding the
validation runs. Calibration uses field information and thus impairs
independent comparison.
For many types of groundwater models, especially those which simulate
contaminant transport and fate, no complete field data sets are available to
execute an extensive field validation. This is due in part to difficulties in
finding field systems with a simplicity equal to that represented in existing
22
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models. Furthermore, the data needs for model validation often exceed
existing technical and economic capabilities.
In this report, model field validation is rated as extensive [Y], partial
or limited [L], not validated [N], or unknown [U].
4.2.6.4. Extent of Model Use
A model used by a large number of people demonstrates significant user
confidence. Extensive use often reflects the model's applicability to
different types of ground-water systems and in addressing various management
questions. It might also imply that the model is relatively easy to use.
Finally, if a model has a large user base, many opportunities exist to discuss
particular applications with knowledgeable colleagues.
The extent of model use can be rated by the number of users (derived from
vendor's software distribution data such as available from IGWMC) or by the
number of applications published in the open literature. In both cases actual
use can only be approximated, as none of the information sources are complete.
This report evaluates the extent of a model's use by a combination of
both indicators. Distinction is made between four classes: many [M, >10], few
[F, 1-10], none [N], and unknown [U].
23
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SECTION 5
Information Sources
One of the objectives of the International Ground Water Modeling Center
is to collect, interpret, and disseminate information on ground-water
models. In 1979, the first version of the IGWMC model information database
became operational. Since then the staff of IGWMC, supported by the U.S. EPA,
has maintained and updated such databases.
The two model information databases currently in use at IGWMC—MARS and
PLUTO—are designed to efficiently organize, update, and access information on
ground-water models for mainframe and microcomputers. Each model is described
in a uniform way by annotations describing its operational characteristics,
capabilities, availability, and applicability. An extensive checklist of more
than 200 descriptors, the model annotation form, is developed to describe each
model as completely as possible. The checklist is set up to facilitate
efficient entry and retrieval, using a binary data format. A complete model
annotation includes remarks made by the model author or IGWMC staff regarding
its development and use, names and addresses of users, and references which
are part of the documentation or considered pertinent to the model. Because
most of this additional information is in text form, it is stored in a
separate database, MOON. This list is used by IGWMC staff to analyze model
characteristics and to enter model information into one of the databases. The
databases have been implemented on Butler University's DEC VAX 11/780, using
the DEC Datatrieve database management system.
As of March 1, 1987, MARS contained 632 annotations, and PLUTO 104
annotations. The MOON database contained 2,325 literature and user references
pertinent to the models listed in MARS and PLUTO.
24
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Section 6
Selected Models
6.1. Model Screening
The first level of model screening for this project was performed by a
computerized search in the IGWMC databases MARS and PLUTO to identify the
models for which a source code and/or runtime version of the code is available
and for which documentation in one or another form is present. This screening
reduced the list of models under consideration to 361. By requiring that
models simulate discharging or recharging wells, this number was further
reduced to 233.
In the second level of model screening, these models have been evaluated
in more detail by visual examination of the complete annotation of each model
selected. Where additional information on models was needed, the IGWMC
ground-water modeling research collection was consulted. A major
characteristic emphasized during this screening stage is the maintenance and
update history of the code and its documentation. Note that some ground-water
models constructed primarily as research tools often need extensive
modification before they are suitable for general use in ground-water
management. The screening process ensures that such research models are not
selected. In addition, some models have become obsolete through lack of
maintenance, or are superseded by new codes. The models presented here
reflect the latest code and documentation information available to IGWMC.
Finally, models were screened with respect to their applicability to the
wellhead protection zone delineation problem as discussed in section 4.2. The
final selection contains 64 models satisfying the following criteria (see
Appendix A):
• availibility of source code and/or runtime version of the code
• presence of documention
25
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• presence of adequate maintenance record
• relevance to wellhead protection analysis.
Of the 64 models, 27 are flow and 37 are solute transport models. Most
of these transport models (29) consider both displacement and transformations
of contaminants (nonconservative models). The other models (8) only simulate
convective and dispersive displacements (conservative models). Most of the
selected models are numerical (51); (13) are analytical and semi-analytical.
For fully three-dimensional simulation of mass transport, only a few
models are available and in the public domain; most are either still under
development or are proprietary. Of the models selected, 5 are designed for
immiscible conservative transport; 8 treat miscible conservative transport; 24
handle miscible nonconservative transport for single constituents. Five of
the listed models can also handle density-dependent flow.
6.2. Model Description
The table in Appendix A introduces and summarizes available models that
can be used for WHPA delineation. Many of the models listed are in the public
domain and available at nominal cost to the user. The columns of the table
are explained below.
Column 1: No. — Serial number.
Column 2: Author(s) — List of authors at the time of model
development.
Column 3: Contact Address — Address at which further information on the
model is available. When no name appears,
any one of the authors can be contacted.
Column 4: Model Name — Name with which the model is referred.
Year of latest update of the model is given
in parentheses.
Column 5: Model Description — Model type, aquifer conditions, flow
conditions, system geometry, numerical
method, etc.
26
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Column 6:
Model Output
Type of information available from the
model output that could be required in WHPA
delineation. The following abbreviations
are used:
ZOI Zone of Influence (the area surrounding a pumping or
recharging well within which the potentiometric surface has
been changed).
C Concentration (concentration map of contaminant throughout
the simulated domain).
COO Cone of Depression (the shape of the area of influence, in
cross-section).
F Fluxes (internal and boundary discharge rates).
P Pathways (path of a contaminant particle in the system).
ZOC Zone of Contribution (the area of permeable layer through
which precipitation and surface water may percolate to the
aquifer and eventually reach the well).
TOT Time of Travel (isochrones).
V Velocities (ground-water velocities).
Column 7:
IGWMC Key
— The last four digits of a number, the IGWMC
key, determine where the annotation of each
model is stored and retrieved in the IGWMC
model information database. The models are
listed in increasing order of IGWMC key
number.
Appendix B contains information on the usability and reliability of the
models selected. This table is compiled using the criteria defined in section
4. Appendix C contains detailed information about each of the models
selected. The description of each model starts with information on the model
team and the current contact address. It includes the model name, its
purpose, and a brief statement on its update history. Each model is further
described by hydrologic characteristics, input requirements and output
Information, model geometry, and mathematical techniques used. Each model
description includes information on the program code and the computers on
27
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which it has been implemented. A separate section contains the model
evaluation as performed by the IGWMC, using the criteria discussed in section
4. Finally, for each model a list of references pertinent to the model's
theory and operation is included.
28
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Section 7
Recommendations and Research Needs
A major limitation of this study relates to the availability of data on
model usability, reliability, and portability. The scope of this study did
not include extensive analysis of each potentially useful model, but was
restricted to collecting and interpreting existing model descriptions, mainly
from the databases of the International Ground Water Modeling Center. Many
models have not been subject to the extensive evaluation required to rate them
according to the criteria presented in this report. In selecting the right
model for a site-specific situation, all potentially useful modeling
approaches should be represented in the set of models one can choose from.
Therefore, additional activities should be initiated to fill in the
information gaps present in this report.
Although adequate models are available for analysis of most flow-related
problems, this is not the case for modeling contaminant transport. Computer
codes are available for situations which do not require analysis of complex
transport mechanisms or chemistry. Some of these codes are extensively
documented and frequently applied. These programs are generally restricted to
conceptual analysis of pollution problems, to feasibility studies in design,
or to remedial action strategies and data acquisition guidance. Most of these
problems are too complex to utilize models in a predictive or parameter-
identification mode.
Accurate modeling of ground-water pollution is limited by some
fundamental problems. In the first place, not all processes involved are
adequately described mathematically. For the most complex mechanisms,
available numerical techniques are not always adequate. Finally, in most
cases, lack of quantity or quality of data restricts model utility.
Because the movement of pollutants in the unsaturated zone is quite
complex, adequate modeling of the processes involved is lacking and models are
available only for simulating simplified problems. Development in the
simulation of flow and solute transport in fractured or dual porosity media
29
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has recently spawned some new models (e.g., Huyakorn 1986). Further
developments in this area are necessary, especially with respect to the role
of the porous rock matrix in dual porosity systems.
30
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References
Bear, J., 1979. Hydraulics of Groundwater. McGraw-Hill, pp. 566.
Carroll, J.M., and M.B. Rosson, 1984.. Beyond MIPS: Performance is Not
Quality. Byte, vol 9, No. 2, pp. 168-172.
CBW, 1980. Guidelines and Recommendations for the Protection of Water-supply
Production Areas. Commissie Bescherming Waterwingebieden VEWIN/RID,
Rijswijk, The Netherlands. (In Dutch.)
Cederberg, G.A., R.L. Street, and J.O. Leckie, 1985. A groundwater mass
transport and equilibrium chemistry model for multicomponent systems.
Water Resources Research, Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 1095-1104.
Charbeneau, R.J., 1981. Groundwater contaminant transport with adsorption and
ion exchange chemistry: method of characteristics for the case without
dispersion. Water Resources Research, Vol. 17, No. 3, 705-713.
Domenico, P.A., 1972. Concepts and Models in Groundwater Hydrology. McGraw-
Hill, pp. 405.
Gorelick, S., 1983. A Review of Distributed Parameter Groundwater Management
Modeling Methods; Water Resources Research, Vol. 19 No. 2, pp. 305-319.
Haitjema, H.M., 1985. Modeling three-dimensional flow in confined aquifers by
superposition of both two- and three-dimensional analytic functions. Water
Resources Research, Vol. 21 No. 10, pp. 1557-1566.
Houston, J., 1984. Don't Bench Me In. Byte, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 160-164.
Huyakorn, P.S., 1986. TRAFRAP, A two-dimensional finite-element code for
simulating fluid flow and transport of radionuclides in fractured and
porous media. FOS-35, International Ground Water Modeling Center, Holcomb
Research Institute, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana.
31
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Huyakorn, P.S., and G.F. Finder, 1983. Computational Methods in Subsurface
Flow. Academic Press, pp. 473.
Javandel, I., C. Doughty, and C.F. Tsang, 1984. Groundwater Transport:
Handbook of Mathematical Models. Water Resourc. Monogr. 10, Am. Geoph.
Union, Washington, D.C.
Jenne, E.A., 1981. Geochemical Modeling: A Review. PNL-3574, Battelle
Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, Washington.
Remson, I., G.M. Hornberger, and F.J. Molz, 1971. Numerical Methods in
Subsurface Hydrology. Wiley-Interscience, pp. 389.
Rubin, J., and R.V. James, 1973. Dispersion-affected transport of reacting
solutes in saturated porous media: Galerkinmethod applied to equilibrium-
controlled exchange in unidirectional steady water flow. Water Resources
Research, Vol. 9, No. 5, pp. 1332-1356.
Strack, O.D.L., 1987. Groundwater Mechanics. Prentice-Hall.
Valochi, A.J., R.L. Street, and P.V. Roberts, 1981. Transport of ion-
exchanging solutes in groundwater: Chromatographic theory and field
simulation. Water Resources Research, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 1517-1527.
van der Heijde, P.K.M., 1984. Availability and Applicability of Numerical
Models for Ground Water Management. In: "Practical Applications of Ground
Water Models," Columbus, Ohio, August 15-17, 1984. NWWA, Dublin, Ohio.
van der Heijde, P.K.M., 1987. Quality Assurance in Computer Simulations of
Groundwater Contamination. Environmental Software, Vol.2, No.l, pp.19-28.
van der Heijde, P.K.M., and R.A. Park, 1986. Report of Findings and Discussion
of Selected Groundwater Modeling Issues; U.S EPA Groundwater Modeling
Policy Study Group. Internat. Ground Water Modeling Center, Holcomb
Research Institute, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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van der heijde, P.K.M, Y. Bachmat, J.D. Bredehoeft, B. Andrews, D. Holz, and
S. Sebastian, 1985. Groundwater Management: The Use of Numerical
Models. Water Resources Monograph 5, 2nd Edition, Am. Geophys. Union,
Washington, D.C., pp. 180.
van der Heijde, P.K.M. and S. Srinivasan, 1983. Aspects of the Use of Graphic
Techniques in Ground Water Modeling. GWMI 83-11, International Ground
Water Modeling Center, Holcomb Research Institute, Butler University,
Indianapolis, Indiana.
van Tassel, D., 1978. Program Style, Design, Efficiency, Debugging, and
Testing, 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc., pp. 323.
Walton, W.C., 1984. Handbook of Analytical Ground Water Models. GWMI 84-06.
Internat. Ground Water Modeling Center, Holcomb Research Institute, Butler
University, Indianapolis, Indiana.
Yourdon, E. and L.L. Constantine, 1975. Structured Design. Yourdon, Inc., pp.
599.
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APPENDIX A
Description of Model Characteristics
-------
No.
i .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Author (s)
S.P. Neuman
P. A. Wither-
spoon
S.P. Neuman
T.N. Narasimhan
T.A. Prickett
C.G. Lonnquist
G.F. Pinder
E.G. Frind
G.F. Pinder
C.I. Voss
P.S. Huyakorn
Contact Address
Dept. of Hydrology and
Water Resources
University of Arizona
Tucson, A2 85721
Dept. of Hydrology and
Water Resources
University of Arizona
Tucson, AZ 65721
Battel le Pacif ic NW Lab
Water and Land Resources
Division
P.O. Box 999
Richland, WA 99352
T.A. Prickett and Assoc.
Consulting Water
Resources Engineers
6 G.H. Baker Drive
Urbana, IL 61801
Dept. of Civi 1
Engineering
Princeton University
Princeton, NJ 08540
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Division
National Center, M.S. 431
Reston, VA 22092
Geotrans, Inc.
250 Exchange Place #A
Herndon, VA 22070
Model Name
( last update)
FREESURF 1
(1979)
UNSAT2
(1979)
TRUST
(1981)
.
PLASM
(1986)
1 SOQUAD
(1982)
AQUIFEM
(1979)
GREASE 2
(1982)
Model
Description
A finite element model
for simulation of two-
dimensional vertical or
ax i symmetric, steady-
state flow in an
anisotropic, hetero-
geneous, confined or
water-table aqui fer.
A two-dimensional finite
element model for hori-
zontal, vertical or axi-
Symmetric simulation of
transient flow in a var-
iably saturated, nonuni-
form, anisotropic porous
med i urn.
To compute steady and
nonsteady pressure head
distributions in multi-
dimensional, heteroge-
neous, variably saturat-
ed, deformable porous
media with complex geom-
etry using the integral
f i n i te di f ference
method.
A finite difference
model for simulating
two-dimensional or
quasi-three-dimensional ,
transient, saturated
f low model for single
layer or mul ti-l ayered
confined, leaky
confined, or water-table
aquifer systems with
optional evapotranspi ra-
tion and recharge from
streams.
A finite element model
to simulate transient
three-d i mens i ona 1
groundwater flow in
confined and unconfined
aqui fers.
A finite element model
to simulate transient,
areal ground water flow
in an isotropic, hetero-
geneous, confined,
leaky-confined or water
table aquifer.
A finite element model
to study transient, mul-
tidimensional, saturated
groundwater flow, solute
and/or energy transport
in fractured and unfrac-
tured, anisotropic, het-
erogeneous , mu 1 1 i 1 ayered
porous media.
Model
Output
ZOI .COD.ZOC.F
ZOI.COO.ZOC.F
ZOI,COD,ZOC,F
ZOI,COD,ZOC,F
ZOI,COD,ZOC,F
ZOI, COD.ZOC.F
ZOI.COD.ZOC,
F,C,V
IGWMC
Key
0020
0021
0120
0322
0510
0514
0582
A-l
-------
No.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Author (s)
P.S. Huyakorn
P. Huyakorn
P. Huyakorn
J.E. Reed
M.S. Bedinger
J.E. Terry
T.R. Knowles
INTERA
Environmental
Consu 1 tants,
Inc. ,
1 NTERCOMP
Resource
Development 4
Eng., Inc.,
K. Kipp
C.R. Faust
T. Chan
8.S. Ramada
8.M. Thompson
Contact Address
Geotrans, Inc.
250 Exchange Place, #A
Herndon, VA 22070
Geotrans, Inc.
250 Exchange Place, #A
Herndon, VA 22070
IGWMC
Hoi comb Research
Institute
Butler University
4600 Sunset Avenue
Indianapol is, IN 46208
U.S. Geological Survey
Room 2301
Federal Bui I di ng
700 W. Capitol Ave.
Little Rock, AR 72201
Texas Water
Development Board
P.O. Box 13231
Austin, TX 7871 1
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046 Mai 1 Stop 411
Denver Federal Center
Lakewood, CO 80225
Performance Assessment
Dept.
Office of Nuclear Waste
Isolation
Battelle Project Mngmt.
Div.
505 King Avenue
Columbus, OH 43201
Model Name
( last update)
SATURN 2
(1982)
SEFTRAN
(1986)
TRAFRAP
(1987)
SUPERMOCK
(1975)
GWSIM-I 1
(1981)
SWIP/
SW 1 PR/
HST3D
(1987)
STFLO
(1982)
Model
Description
A finite element model
to study transient, two-
dimensional variable
saturated flow and sol-
ute transport in an i so-
tropic, heterogeneous
porous media.
A finite element model
to provide simple and
cost-effective analyses
of two-dimensional fluid
flow and contaminant or
heat transport problems
in areal, cross-section-
al or ax i symmetric con-
figuration of saturated,
heterogeneous aquifers.
A finite element model
to study transient, two
dimensional, saturated
ground water flow and
chemical or radionuclide
transport in fractured
and unfractured, aniso-
tropic, heterogeneous.
porous media.
A f i n i te di f ference
model to simulate
transient stress and
response in a saturated-
unsaturated ground water
flow system including a
water-table aquifer
overlying a conf ined
aqui fer .
A transient, two-dimen-
sional , horizontal
finite difference model
for prediction of water
levels and water quality
in an anisotropic heter-
ogeneous confined and
unconfined aquifer.
A finite difference
model to simulate
coupled unsteady, three-
dimensional groundwater
f low, heat and con-
taminant transport in an
anisotropic, hetero-
geneous aquifer.
A linear finite element
code for simulation of
steady-state, two-dimen-
sional (areal or verti-
cal) plane or ax i symmet-
ric ground-water flow in
anisotropic, hetero-
geneous, confined, leaky
or water-table aquifers.
Model
Output
ZOI.COD.ZOC,
F.C.V
20I,COD,ZOC,
F.C.V.P
ZOI.COD.ZOC,
F,C,V,P
ZOI,COD,ZOC
ZOI,COD,F,C,
ZOC
ZOI , COD, ZOC,
F.C.V
ZOI , COD, ZOC, F
IGWMC
Key
0583
0588
0589
061 1
0680
0692
0694
A-2
-------
No.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Author (s)
L.F. Konikow
J.D. Bredehoeft
S.P. Garabedian
L.F. Konikow
W.E. Sanford
L.F. Konikow
P.C. Trescott
S.P. Larson
P.C. Trescott
G.F. Pinder
S.P. Larson
Mi 1 ler, I .
J. Marlon-
Lambert
Contact Address
U.S. Geological Survey
431 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
U.S. Geological Survey
431 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
U.S. Geological Survey
431 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
U.S. Geological Survey
Branch of Groundwater
M.S. 411 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
U.S. Geological Survey
Branch of Ground Water
M.S. 411 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Golder Associates
2950 Northup Way
Bel levue, WA 98004
Model Name
( last update)
MOC
(1987)
FRONTRACK
(1983)
MOCDENSE
(1986)
USGS-30-
FLOW
(1982)
USGS-2D-
FLOW
(1976)
GGWP
(1983)
Model
Description
A two-dimensional model
to simulate transient.
horizontal or cross-
sectional groundwater
flow (finite difference)
and solute transport
(method of character-
istics) in confined,
semi con fined or water
table aquifers.
A f in i te di f ference
model for simulation of
convective transport of
a conservative tracer
dissolved in groundwater
under steady or tran-
sient flow conditions.
The model calculates
heads, velocities and
tracer particle
positions.
A model to simu 1 ate
transport and dispersion
of either one or two
constituents in ground-
water where there is
two-dimensional, density
dependent flow. It uses
finite-difference and
method of characteris-
tics to solve the flow
and transport equations.
A tin i te di f ference
model to simul ate
transient, three-
dimensional and quasi
three-dimensional ,
saturated flow in an i so-
tropic, heterogeneous
ground water systems.
A f i n i te di f ference
model to simulate
transient, two-
dimensional horizontal
or vertical f low in an
anisotropic and
hetrogeneous, confined,
leaky-confined or water-
table aquifer.
A finite element model
for steady-state or
transient simulation of
two-dimensional ,
vertical or ax i symmetric
and quasi-three
dimensional f low and
transport of reactive
solutes in anisotropic,
heterogeneous, multi-
layered aquifer systems.
Model
Output
ZOI .COD.ZOC,
F,C,V
ZOI ,COD,ZOC,
F,C,V,PTOT
ZOI.COD.ZOC,
F.C.V
ZOI.COD.ZOC.F
ZOI .COD.ZOC.F
ZOI.COO.ZOC,
F,C,V,PTOT
IGWMC
Key
0740
0741
0742
0770
0771
1010
A-3
-------
No.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
Author(s)
G. Segol
E.G. Frind
K.R. Rushton
L.M. Toml inson
O.D.L. Strack
H.M. Haitjema
C. Van den
Akker
P. Van der Veer
S.K. Gupta
C.T. Kincaid
P.R. Meyer
C.A. Newbi 1 1
C.R. Cole
S.K. Gupta
C.R. Cole
F.W. Bond
A.E. Reisenauer
C.R. Cole
Contact Address
Dept. of Earth Sciences
University of Waterloo
Waterloo, Ontario
Canada N2L 3G1
Dept. of Civil
Engineering
Univ. of Birmingham
P.O. Box 363
Birmingham, B15 217
United Kingdom
Dept. of Civi 1
Engineering
Univ. of Minnesota
122 CME Bui Iding
Minneapol is, MN 55455
National Institute for
Water Supply
P.O. Box 150
2260 AD Leidschendam
The Netherlands
Ri jkswaterstaat
Data Processing Division
P.O. Box 5809
2280 HV Rijswijk (2.H.)
The Netherlands
Battel le Pacific NW Labs
Water and Land Resources
Division
P.O. Box 999
Rich land, WA 99352
Battel le Pacific NW Labs
Water and Land Resources
D i v i s i on
P.O. Box 999
Rich land, WA 99352
Water and Land Resources
D i v i s i on
Battel le Pacific NW Labs
P.O. Box 999
Rich land, WA 99352
Model Name
( last update)
3-D
SATURATED-
UNSATURATED
TRANSPORT
MODEL
(1976)
AQU-1
(1979)
SLAEM
(1986)
FLOP
FLOP-2
FRONT
( 1 98 1 )
MOTGRO
(1981)
CFEST
(1986)
FE3DGW
(1985)
VTT
(1979)
Model
Description
A finite element model
for the determination of
concentration of a
conservative or noncon-
servative solute in
transient, three-dimen-
sional saturated-unsa-
turated flow systems.
A basic finite differ-
ence transient model for
transient single layered
two-dimensional hori-
zontal ground water
flow.
A f lexible anal yt ic
elements model for
simulating steady-state
groundwater flow in re-
gional double aquifer
systems with local in-
terconnections.
Anal yt ic model s to
generate path lines for
steady-state or
transient f low in a
conf ined or semi -
confined, isotropic,
homogeneous aquifer and
to calculate residence
times for a number of
water particles.
A boundary element model
for prediction of
groundwater head and
stream function for two-
dimensional, vertical.
steady and unsteady,
single or multiple fluid
flow in inhomogeneous.
an isotropic, confined or
unconfined aquifers of
arbitrary shapes.
A three-dimensional fi-
nite element model to
simulate coupled transi-
ent f low, solute- and
heat-transport in satur-
ated porous media.
A finite element model
for transient or steady
state, three-dimensional
simulation of flow in a
large multi-layered
groundwater basin.
A transient finite dif-
ference model to cal-
culate hydraulic head in
conf ined-unconf ined
multi-layered aquifer
systems, and to generate
streamlines and travel -
t i mes .
Model
Output
ZOI,COD,F,C
ZOI.COD.F
ZOI,COD,ZOC,F
C.V.P.TOT
ZOI.COD.F.V,
P.TOT
ZOI.COD.F,
ZOC.C.V
ZOI ,COD,ZOC,
F,V
ZOI.COD.V.P,
TOT
IGWMC
Key
1070
1230
1791
1821
1822
1823
1830
2070
2072
2092
A-4
-------
No.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
Author (s)
R.W. Nelson
•
R.D. Schmidt
L.R. Town ley
J.L. Mi 1 son
A.S. Costa
T.A. Prickett
T.G. Naymik
C.G. Lonnquist
D.R. Posson
G.A. Hearne
J.V. Tracy
P.P. Frenzel
J. Boonstra
. Contact Address
Battelle Pacific NW Labs
Sigma 5 Bldg.
P.O. Box 999
Richland, WA 99352
U.S. Dept. of the
Interior
Bureau of Mines
P.O. Box 1660
Twin Cities, MN 5511 1
Ralph M. Parsons
Laboratory for Water
Resources and
Hydrodynamics
Room 48-211
Massachusetts Inst. of
Technology
Cambridge, MA 02139
Consulting Water
Resources Engineers
6 G.H. Baker Drive
Urbana, IL 61801
U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 26659
Albuquerque, NM 87125
1 .L.R.I
P.O. Box 45
Wageningen
The Netherlands
Model Name
( last update)
PATHS
(1983)
ISL-50
(1979)
AOUIFEM-1
(1979)
RANDOM
WALK
(1981)
NMFD3D
(1980)
SGMP
(1981)
Model
Description
An analytic flow and
transport model to
evaluate particle
transport in transient,
two-dimensional ,
horizontal , groundwater
flow systems using an
analytical solution for
the flow equation and a
numerical solution for
the pathline equations.
A three-dimensional
analytic model to
describe transient flow
behaviour of leachants
and groundwater in an
anisotropic, homogeneous
aquifer involving an
arbitrary pattern of
injection and recovery
wel Is.
A two-dimensional, fi-
nite element model for
transient, horizontal
groundwater flow.
A f inite difference
model to simulate one-
or two-dimensional
steady or unsteady flow
and transport problems
in heterogeneous
aquifers under water
table and/or artesian or
leaky artesian condi-
tion. A random walk
approach is used to
simulate dispersion.
A f in i te di f ference
model for simulation of
unsteady two-dimensional
horizontal or three-
dimensional saturated
ground water flow in
multi-layered heterogen-
eous anisotropic aquifer
systems.
An integral finite-
di f ference model to
simulate steady-state or
transient, two-dimen-
sional, horizontal flow
in a saturated, aniso-
tropic and heteroge-
neous, conf ined/semi-
conf ined/phreatic aqui-
fer system.
Model
Output
F.V.C.P.TOT
V,P,TOT
ZOI ,COD,ZOC,F
ZOI ,COD,ZOC,
F.C.V
ZOI.COD.ZOC.F
ZOI ,COD,ZOC,F
IGWMC
Key
2120
2560
2630
2690
2740
2800
A-5
-------
NO.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
Author (s)
0. Berney
J.W. Wessel ing
S. Haji-Djafari
T.C. Wei Is
B.Sagar
B. Sagar
A.K. Runchal
Contact Address
Land and Water
Development Division
Food and Agriculture
Organization Un
Via Del le Terme Di
Caracal la
00100-Rome, Italy
Del ft Hydraul ics
Laboratory
P.O. Box 152
8300 Ad Emmeloord
The Netherlands
D'Appolonia Waste Mgmnt.
Services, Inc.
10 Duff Road
Pittsburgh, PA 15235
Rockwe II 1 nternat i ona 1
P.O. Box 800
Rich land, WA 99352
Rockwell International
P.O. Box 800
Rich land, WA 99352
Analytic & Computational
Research, Inc.
3106 Inglewcod Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA 9006
•'
Model Name
( last update)
DISIFLAQ
(1980)
GROWKWA
(1982)
GEOFLOW
(1982)
AQUIFER
(1982)
FRACFLOW
(1981)
PORFLOW-
1 1 and 1 I I
(1987)
Model
Description
A finite difference
model for steady-state
or transient simulation
of two-dimensional.
horizontal groundwater
flow in a two- layered.
isotropic, heterogeneous
aquifer system.
A f ini te di f ference/
finite element model to
simulate of two-
dimensional horizontal
groundwater movement and
non-conservative solute
transport in a multi-
layered, an isotropic.
heterogeneous aquifer
system.
A finite element model
to simulate steady or
nonsteady, two-dimen-
sional areal flow and
mass transport in an iso-
tropic and heterogeneous
aquifers under confined,
leaky confined, or water
table conditions.
A f inite difference
model for analysis of
steady and non-steady
state, two-dimensional
real or cross-sectional,
radi al f low in
heterogeneous,
anisotropic multiaquifer
systems.
An integrated finite
difference model to
simulate steady and
unsteady state analysis
of density-dependent
f low, heat and mass
transport in fractured
confined aquifers, two-
d imens ional 1 y the
processes in the porous
medium and one-dimen-
sional ly in the frac-
tures, including time-
dependency of pro-
perties.
An integrated finite
di f ference model to
simulate steady or
transient, 2-D hori-
zontal , vertical or
radial and 3-D simula-
tion of density depen-
dent flow heat and mass
transport in anisotro-
pic, heterogeneous, non-
deformable saturated
porous media with time
dependent aquifer and
fluid properties.
Model
Output
ZOI,COD,ZOC,F
201 ,COD,ZOC,
F.C.V
ZOI ,COD,ZOC,
F.C.V
ZOI.COD.ZOC,
F V P
r , v ,r
ZOI .COD.ZOC,
F,C,V,P
ZOI .COD.ZOC,
F.C.V
IGWMC
Key
2870
2982
3220
3230
3232
3233
A-6
-------
No.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
Author(s)
B. Sagar
J.A. Liggett
G.T. Yeh
D.S. Ward
G.T. Yeh
C.W. Francis
G.T. Yeh
D.D. Huff
G.T. Yeh
D.D. Huff
C.I . Voss
Contact Address
Rockwell International
P.O. Box 800
Rich land, WA 99352
School of Civil and
Environmental Eng.
Hoi 1 ister Hal 1
Cornel 1 University
Ithaca, NY 14853
Environmental Sciences
Division
Oak Ridge National LaD.
Oak Ridge, TN 37830
Environmental Sciences
Division
Oak Ridge National Lab.
Oak Ridge, TN 37830
Environmental Sciences
Division
Oak Ridge National Lab.
Oak Ridge, TN 37830
Environmental Sciences
Division
Oak Ridge National Lab.
Oak Ridge, TN 37830
U.S. Geological Survey
431 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Model Name
( last update)
FLOTRA
(1982)
GM5
(1982)
FEMWATER/
FECWATER
( 1 98 1 )
AQUIFLOW
(1984)
FEWA
(1983)
FEMA
(1984)
SUTRA
(1984)
Model
Description
An integrated finite
di f ference model to
simulate steady or
transient, two-dimen-
sional , areal , cross-
sectional or radial
simulation of density-
dependent flow, heat and
mass transport in var-
iable saturated, an i so-
tropic, heterogeneous
deformable porous media.
A boundary integral
equation model to
simulate steady state
three dimensional satur-
ated groundwater flo» in
an anisotropic, hetero-
geneous multi-aquifer
system.
A two-dimensional finite
element model to
simulate transient,
cross-sectional flow in
saturated-un saturated
anisotropic, heteroge-
neous porous media.
A two-dimensional finite
element model to simu-
late transient flow in
horizontal, anisotropic,
heterogeneous aquifers
under confined, leaky or
unconfined conditions.
A two-dimensional finite
element model to simu-
late transient vertical-
ly averaged flow in con-
fined, leaky confined.
or water table aquifers.
A two-dimensional, fi-
nite element model to
simulate solute trans-
port including radioac-
tive decay, sorption.
and biological and chem-
ical degradation. This
model solves only solute
transport equation and
velocity field has to be
generated by a flow
mode 1 .
A finite element simula-
tion model for two-di-
mensional, transient or
unsteady-state, satur-
ated-unsaturated, fluid
density dependent ground
water flow with trans-
port of energy or trans-
port of a chemical ly
reactive solute.
Model
Output
ZOI.COD.ZOC,
F.C.V.P
201 .COD.ZOC,
F,V
201 ,COD,20C,
F.V
201 .COO.ZOC.F
201 .COD.20C,
F.V
F,C
20I.COD.20C,
F,C,V
IGUMC
Key
3235
3240
3370
3372
3373
3376
3830
A-7
-------
No.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
Author(s)
R.T. Di 1 Ion
R.M. Cranwel 1
R.B. Lantz
S.B. Pahwa
M. Reeves
>
C.S. Desai
O.G. Jorgensen
H. Grubb
C.H. Baker, Jr.
G.E. Hi Imes
E.O. Jenkins
J.V. Tracy
1 . Javande!
C. Doughty
C.F. Tsang
M.G. McDonald
A.M. Harbaugh
Contact Address
Sandia National Labs
Albequerque, NM 87185
GeoTrans, Inc.
250 Exchange Place #A
Herndon, VA 22070
Dept. of Civi I Eng. and
Eng. Mech.
University of Arizona
Tuscon, AZ 85721
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Research Dept.
1950 Avenue A-Campus
West
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS 66044-3897
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resource Dept.
National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Lawrence Berkeley Lab
Earth Sciences Division
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720
Ground Water Branch, WRD
U.S. Geological Survey
WGS - Mail Stop 433
Reston, VA 22092
Model Name
( last update)
SWIFT/
SWIFT-I 1
(1986)
MAST-2D
GWMD3
(1982)
GALERKIN
FINITE
ELEMENT FLOW
MODEL
(1979)
RESSQ
(1983)
MOOFLOW
(1983)
Model
Description
A three-dimensional fi-
nite difference model
for simulation of cou-
pled, transient, density
dependent flow and tran-
sport of heat, brine,
tracers or radionucl ides
in anisotropic,
heterogeneous con f i ned
aqui fers.
A finite element model
to simulate coupled
transient seepage and
mass transport in
saturated porous media.
An ax i symmetric finite
difference model to cal-
culate drawdown due to a
proposed wel 1 , at all
existing wel 1 s in the
section of the proposed
well and in the adjacent
8 sections and to com-
pare drawdowns with al-
lowable limits; includes
an optional program to
eval uate al lowabi e
depletion .'
A finite element model
for simulation of two-
dimensional, transient
f low in a isotropic,
heterogeneous, confined
or watertable aquifer in
contact with a stream.
The model includes the
calculation of the sur-
face water balance.
A semi-anal yt ical model
to calculate two-dimen-
sional contaminant tran-
sport by advection and
adsorption in a homo-
geneous, isotropic con-
fined aquifer of uniform
thickness when regional
flow, sources and sinks
create a steady state
f I ow field.
A modular three-dimen-
sional finite difference
ground-water model to
simulate transient flow
in anisotropic, het-
erogeneous, layered aq-
uifer systems.
Model
Output
ZOI.COD.ZOC,
F.C.V.P.TOT
ZOI.COD.F.C.V
ZOI.COD.ZOC.F
ZOI ,COD,ZOC,F
C,V,P,TOT
ZOI ,COD,ZOC,F
IGWMC
Key
3840
3868
3870
3881
3940
3980
A-8
-------
No.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
Author (s)
C.R. Kolterman
B.J. Travis
P.K.M. van der
Hei jde
K.R. Rushton
G.T. Yen
M.Th. van
Genuchten
W.J. Alves
D. Koch
INTERA
Environmental
Consultants
Contact Address
Water Resources Center
Desert Research
Institute
University of Nevada
System
Reno, NV
Los Alamos National Lab.
Earth and Space Sciences
Division
Los Alamos, NM 87545
IGWMC
Hoi comb Research
1 nstitute
Butler University
4600 Sunset Avenue
Indianapolis, IN 46208
Dept. of Civil
Engineering
Univ. Of Birmingham
P.O. Box 363
Birmingham, B15 2TT
United Kingdom
Environmental Sciences
Division
Oak Ridge National Lab
Oak Ridge, TN 37830
U.S. Sal inity Lab
4500 Glen wood Drive
Riverside, CA 92501
Koch & Associates
2921 Greenway Dr.
El 1 icott City, MD 21043
Battel le Project
Management Division
Performance Assessment
Dept.
Office of Nuclear Waste
1 sol at ion
505 King Avenue
Columbus, OH 43201
Model Name
( last update)
GWUSER/
CONJUN
(1983)
TRACR3D
(1984)
THWELLS
(1987)
RADIAL
(1979)
AT123D
(1981)
ONE-D
(1982)
AQUIFER4
(1984)
VERTPAK-1
(1982)
Model
Description
A combined simulation-
optimization model to
determine optimal pump-
ing locations and rates
for confined aquifer
with or without artifi-
cial recharge or for
conjunctive use of aqui-
fer-stream system. The
mode 1 uses a finite
difference simulator.
A three-dimensional fi-
nite difference model of
transient two-phase flow
and mult {component tran-
sport in deformable,
heterogeneous, reactive
porous/fractured media.
An analytical model to
calculate head drawdown
or bui Idup caused by
multiple wel Is in an
isotropic, homogeneous,
non leaky, confined
aqui fer.
A finite-difference
model for the determ-
ination of heads due to
radial flow towards a
well and simulation of
f low in vici n i ty of the
wel 1 .
An analytical 1 , 2, or
3-D simulation of solute
transport in a homogen-
eous, an isotropic aqui-
fer, with decay and re-
tardation from a variety
of sources.
Analytical solutions for
one-dimensional convec-
ti ve-dispersi ve trans-
port of a solute with
1 inear adsorption in a
steady-state flow field
in a semi-inf i ni te iso-
tropic, homogeneous aqu-
ifer.
A radial finite diffei —
ence model to simulate
transient three-dimen-
sional groundwater flow
in a leaky-confined aqu-
ifer.
A package of analytical
solutions assembled to
assist in verification
of numerical codes used
to simulate fluid flow,
rock deformation, and
solute transport in
fractured and unfractur-
ed porous media.
Model
Output
ZOI ,COD,F
ZOI.COD.ZOC,
F.C.V
ZOI ,COD
ZOI, COD, F
C.TOT
C,TOT
ZOI ,COD,F
C.V.TOT
IGWMC
Key
4070
4270
6022
6062
6120
6220
6305
6340
A-9
-------
No.
62.
63.
64.
Author (s)
W.C. Walton
M.S. Beljin
T. Steenhuis
S. Pacenka
Contact Address
IGWMC
Hoi comb Research
Institute
Butler University
4600 Sunset Avenue
Indianapolis, IN 46208
IGWMC
Hoi comb Research
Institute
Butler University
4600 Sunset Avenue
Indianapolis, IN 46208
Northeast Regional
Agricultural
Engineering Service
Ri ley-Robb Hal 1
Cornel 1 Un iversi ty
Ithaca, NY 14853
Model Name
( last update)
35
M I CRO-
COMPUTER
PROGRAMS
(1984)
SOLUTE
(1985)
MOUSE
(1987)
Model
Description
A series of analytical
and simple numerical
programs to analyze flow
and transport of solutes
and heat in confined.
leaky or water table
aquifers with simple
geometry .
A package of\8 analyti-
cal models for solute
transport simulation in
groundwater. The pack-
age also includes pro-
grams for unit conver-
sion and error function
calculation.
A set of four 1 inked
analytical models for
tracking the movement
and fate of a soluble
chemical in saturated
and unsaturated zones.
Model
Output
ZOI,COD,C,V,
TOT
C,TOT
C.TOT
IGWMC
Key
6350
6380
6390
A-10
-------
APPENDIX B
Evaluation of Usability and Reliability
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
-------
APPENDIX C
Detailed Annotation of Selected Models
-------
IGWMC key= 0020
MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): NEUMAN, S.P.(l) AND P.A. WITHERSPOON (2)
address: (1) SEE CONTACT ADDRESS
(2) DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
BERKELEY, CA 94720
phone: 415/642-5525
CONTACT ADDRESS- - —
contact person: NEUMAN, S.P.
address: DEPT. OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721
phone: 602/626-4434
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: FREESURF I
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF TWO-
DIMENSIONAL VERTICAL OR AXISYMMETRIC, STEADY-STATE
FLOW IN AN ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS, CONFINED
OR WATER-TABLE AQUIFER
completion date: 1969
last update date: 1979
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -ANISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -FREE SURFACE -SEEPAGE SURFACE -MOVABLE
EXTERNAL BOUNDARY -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS
-CONSTANT PUMPAGE -DRAINAGE OR DEWATERING
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -POISSON'S EQUATION WITH OR WITHOUT FREE BOUNDARIES
C-l
-------
MODEL INPUT — —
area! values: -ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -ELEVATION OF
SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -PERMEABILITY
boundary values: -PRECIPITATION RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES
-ERROR CRITERIA -SOURCE/SINK LOCATION -INITIAL
LENGTH OF SEEPAGE FACE
MODEL OUTPUT- -
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PUMPAGE RATES -POSITION FREE
SURFACE -LENGTH SEEPAGE FACE -BOUNDARY FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape Of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -TRIANGULAR -CYLINDRICAL
-QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL -20 VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR
RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
-MOVABLE GRID
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION -IMPLICIT
error criteria: -MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: CDC 6000, 7000
mass storage: DISKS OR TAPES
PROGRAM INFORMATION-
language: FORTRAN IV
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: $500 - 1000
C-2
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: GENERIC -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: FEW
REFERENCES — -
01 NEUMAN, S.P. AND P.A. WITHERSPOON. 1970. FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
OF ANALYZING STEADY SEEPAGE WITH A FREE SURFACE. WATER
RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 6(3), PP. 889-897.
C-3
-------
IGWMC key= 0021
MODEL TEAM-
author name(s): NEUMAN, S.P.
address: DEPT. OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES
UNIV. OF ARIZONA
TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721
phone: 602/626-4434
CONTACT ADDRESS— - -
contact person: NEUMAN, S.P.
address: DEPT. OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES
UNIV. OF ARIZONA
TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721
phone: 602/626-4434
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: UNSAT2
model purpose: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR
HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL OR AXISYMMETRIC
SIMULATION OF TRANSIENT FLOW IN A VARIABLY
SATURATED, NONUNIFORM, ANISOTROPIC POROUS
MEDIUM
completion date: 1974
last update date: 1979
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -WATER TABLE -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CHANGING HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING FLUX -FREE
SURFACE -SEEPAGE SURFACE -MOVABLE EXTERNAL
BOUNDARY -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -WELL CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CAPILLARY FORCES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION -PLANT -UPTAKE
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -RICHARD'S EQUATION AND POISSON EQUATION.
C-4
-------
MODEL INPUT— -•
area! values:
boundary values:
others:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT
-PRECIPITATION RATES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES
-PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES
-TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF
TIME INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA -HEAD VS. PRESSURE
-HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY VS. PRESSURE -ROOT
FUNCTIONS.
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND
WATER RECHARGE RATES -MOISTURE CONTENT
GEOMETRY OF MODEL-—
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -LINEAR -TRIANGULAR
-CYLINDRICAL -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
-QUADRILATERRAL
-ID HORIZONTAL -ID VERTICAL -20 HORIZONTAL -2D
VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
error criteria:
-FINITE ELEMENT
-GAUSS ELIMINATION -IMPLICIT
-MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED -
make and model: IBM, CDC 6000/7000, CDC CYBER 172
mass storage: DISKS OR TAPES
C-5
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION —
language: FORTRAN 77
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; CODE AND USER'S INSTRUCTIONS ARE
PUBLISHED IN REFS. 13 AND #4. ORIGINAL VERSION
AVAILABLE FROM AUTHOR
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: $600
MODEL EVALUATION
USABILITY
-preprocessor: YES
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: MANY
REMARKS
01 A POP 11/23 AND HP 9845 VERSION WITH PROGRAMS FOR
INTERACTIVE DATA ENTRY AND FILE EDITING IS AVAILABLE
FROM: GEORGE L. BLOOMSBURG, 469 PARADISE DRIVE,
MOSCOW, IDAHO 83843, PHONE: 208/885-7107.
02 AN UPDATED AND EXPANDED VERSION OF THE DOCUMENTATION IS
IS PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE 14. THE COMPUTER CODE OF THIS
VERSION IS AVAILABLE FROM:
DIVISION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT, OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL
SAFETY AND SAFEGUARDS, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION,
1717 H STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20555.
03 AN EVALUATION OF THE MODEL IS GIVEN IN: THOMAS, S.D.,
B. ROSS, J.W. MERCER. 1982. A SUMMARY OF REPOSITORY SITING
MODELS. NUREG/CR-2782, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION,
WASHINGTON, D.C.
REFERENCES
01 NEUMAN, S.P., R.A. FEDDES AND E. BRESLER. 1975. FINITE
ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW IN SOILS CONSIDERING
WATER UPTAKE BY ROOTS; I. THEORY. SOIL SCI. SOC. AM.
PROC., VOL. 39(2), PP. 224-230.
02 FEDDES, R.A., S.P. NEUMAN AND E. BRESLER. 1975. FINITE ELEMENT
ANALYSIS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW IN SOILS. II. FIELD
APPLICATIONS. SOIL SCI. SOC. AM. PROC., VOL. 39(2),
PP. 231-237.
C-6
-------
03 NEUMAN, S.P., R.A. FEDDES AND E. BRESLER. 1974. FINITE ELEMENT
SIMULATION OF FLOW IN SATURATED-UNSATURATED SOILS
CONSIDERING WATER UPTAKE BY PLANTS. 3RD ANN. REPT.
PROJECT A10-SWC-77, HYDRODYNAMICS AND HYDRAULIC ENGI-
NEERING LAB., TECHNION, HAIFA, ISRAEL.
04 DAVIS, L.A. AND S.P. NEUMAN. 1983. DOCUMENTATION AND USER'S GUIDE
UNSAT2 - VARIABLY SATURATED FLOW MODEL. NUREG/CR-3390,
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON, D.C.
C-7
-------
MODEL TEAM —
author name(s): NARASIMHAN, T.N.
address: LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY
EARTH SCIENCES DIVISION
UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA
BERKELEY, CA 94720
phone: 415/843-2740
IGWMC key= 0120
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: COLE, C.R.
address: BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORY
WATER AND LAND RESOURCES DIVISION
P.O. BOX 999
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-8441
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: TRUST
model purpose:
TO COMPUTE STEADY AND NONSTEADY PRESSURE HEAD
DISTRIBUTIONS IN MULTIDIMENSIONAL, HETEROGENEOUS,
VARIABLY SATURATED, DEFORMABLE POROUS MEDIA WITH
COMPLEX GEOMETRY USING THE INTEGRAL FINITE
DIFFERENCE METHOD.
completion date: FEB 1975
last update date: APR 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE IN CONFINING
LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -DISCRETE
FRACTURES -AQUIFER SYSTEM DEFORMATION -AQUIFER
COMPACTION -MANY OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
-STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED
-LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -FREE SURFACE -SEEPAGE
SURFACE -TIDAL FLUCTUATIONS -INFILTRATION
-GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -WELL CHARACTERISTICS
-CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE -CAPILLARY
FORCES -DRAINAGE OR DEWATERING
C-8
-------
fluid conditions:
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-HOMOGENEOUS -COMPRESSIBLE -VARIABLE DENSITY
-DENSITY IS PRESSURE DEPENDENT
-CAPILLARY FORCES -DIFFUSION -CONSOLIDATION
-HYSTERESIS -EXPANSION
-ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
-1-0 DEFORMATION ACCORDING TO TERZAGHI AND THE
GENERALIZED RICHARD'S EQUATION
MODEL INPUT-
areal values:
boundary values:
others:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND
LAKE BED -FLUID DENSITY -SPECIFIC WEIGHT
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE
LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
-ERROR CRITERIA -INTRINSIC PERMEABILITY
-VISCOSITY -FLUID COMPRESSIBILITY.
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-TOTAL SYSTEM FLUID MASS CAPACITY -MOISTURE
CONTENT
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -LINEAR -TRIANGULAR -POLYGON
-CYLINDRICAL -SPHERICAL -ISOPARAMETRIC
QUADRILATERAL
-ID HORIZONTAL -ID VERTICAL -2D HORIZONTAL -2D
VERTICAL -3D -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
-ID HORIZONTAL -ID VERTICAL -2D HORIZONTAL -20
VERTICAL -3D -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing:
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
-MOVABLE GRID -SPHERICAL COORDINATES
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
C-9
-------
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -INTEGRAL FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-POINT JACOBI -IMPLICIT -EXPLICIT -CRANK NICHOLSON
error criteria: -WATER BALANCE OVER MODEL -MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT
ANY ONE NODE -MASS BALANCE
COMPUTERS USED — —
make and model: CDC 6400, 6600, 7600, UNIVAC, VAX 11
core storage: ABOUT 140K
PROGRAM INFORMATION —
no. of statements: 2500
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE AND DOCUMENTATION
PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE 18
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: DEDICATED -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: UNKNOWN
-support: YES -model users: FEW
REMARKS
01 THIS CODE CAN BE COUPLED WITH FLUX TO GENERATE VELOCITY
FIELD AND MILTVL TO GENERATE PATHLINES AND TRAVELTIMES.
02 TRUST IS BASED ON THE TRUMP CODE ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED BY A.L.
EDWARDS AT LAWRENCE LIVERMORE LABORATORY, LIVERMORE, CA.
03 THIS MODEL IS EVALUATED IN: THOMAS, S.D., B. ROSS, J.W.
MERCER. JULY 1982. A SUMMARY OF REPOSITORY SITING MODELS.
NUREG/CR-2782, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION,
WASHINGTON, D.C.
C-10
-------
04 MODIFICATIONS WERE MADE TO THE CODE TO SIMULATE FLOW IN
FRACTURED UNSATURATED POROUS MEDIA AS DISCUSSED IN REF
#9. THESE MODIFICATION INCLUDE ADDITIONAL CHARACTERISTIC
CURVES AND RELATIVE PERMEABILITY CURVES, VAN GENUCHTEN
FORMULAE FOR MATRIX BLOCKS, GAMMA DISTRIBUTION FORMULAE FOR
DISCRETE FRACTURE GRID BLOCKS, HYPERBOLIC CHARACTERISTIC
CURVES OF PICKENS, AND A NEW EFFECTIVE AREA FACTOR. THIS
VERSION OF TRUST USES EITHER THE EXISTING EFFICIENT
ITERATIVE SOLVER OR A NEW DIRECT SOLUTION.
05 DYNAMIX IS A CODE THAT COUPLES A VERSION OF PROGRAM TRUMP
WITH THE GEOCHEMICAL CODE PHREEQE. (SEE REF. 111.)
06 THE TRUST-II UTILITY PACKAGE IS USED ON CONJUNCTION WITH THE
TRUST-II MODEL. IT PROVIDES FOR GENERATION OF SOIL DATA,
GRID GENERATION, AND ADVECTIVE CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT. THE
PACKAGE IS DOCUMENTED IN REF. #12.
REFERENCES
01 NARASIMHAN, T.N. AND P.A. WITHERSPOON. 1976. AN INTEGRATED
FINITE DIFFERNCE METHOD FOR FLUID FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 12(1): PP. 57-64.
02 NARASIMHAN, T.N. 1975. A UNIFIED NUMERICAL MODEL FOR SAT-
URATED-UNSATURATED GROUND-WATER FLOW. PH.D. DISSERTATION,
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, CA.
03 NARASIMHAN, T.N. AND P.A. WITHERSPOON. 1977. NUMERICAL
MODEL FOR SATURATED-UNSATURATED FLOW IN DEFORMABLE POROUS
MEDIA; I. THEORY. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 13(3),
PP. 657-664.
04 NARASIMHAN, T.N., P.A. WITHERSPOON AND A.L. EDWARDS. 1978.
NUMERICAL MODEL FOR SATURATED-UNSATURATED FLOW IN
DEFORMABLE POROUS MEDIA; II. THE ALGORITHM. WATER
RESOURCES RESARCH, VOL. 14(2): PP. 255-261.
05 NARASIMHAN, T.N. AND P.A. WITHERSPOON. 1978. NUMERICAL
MODELFOR SATURATED-UNSATURATED FLOW IN DEFORMABLE POROUS
MEDIA; III. APPICATIONS. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL.
14(6), PP. 1017-1034.
06 NARASIMHAN, T.N. AND W.A. PALEN. 1981. INTERPRETATION OF A
HYDRAULIC FEATURING EXPERIMENT, MONTICELLO, SOUTH
CAROLINA. AGU GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 8(5),
PP. 481-484.
07 NARASIMHAN, T.N. 1979. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STORAGE
PARAMETER IN SATURATED-UNSATURATED GROUNDWATER FLOW.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL 15(3): PP. 569-576.
C-ll
-------
08 REISENAUER, A.E., K.T. KEY, T.N. NARASIMHAN AND R.W. NELSON
1982. TRUST: A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR VARIABLY SATURATED
FLOW IN MULTIDIMENSIONAL, DEFORMABLE MEDIA. NUREG/CR-2360,
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMM., WASHINGTON, D.C.
09 WANG, J.S.Y. AND T.N. NARASIMHAN. 1984. HYDROLOGIC
MECHANISMS GOVERNING FLUID FLOW IN PARTIALLY SATURATED,
FRACTURED, POROUS TUFF AT YUCCA MOUNTAIN. LAWRENCE BERKELEY
LABORATORY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, CA.
10 NARASIMHAN, T.N. AND S.J. DREISS. 1986. A NUMERICAL
TECHNIQUE FOR MODELING TRANSIENT FLOW OF WATER TO A SOIL
WATER SAMPLER. SOIL SCIENCE 14(3):230-236.
11 NARASIMHAN, T.N., A.F. WHITE, AND T. TOKUNAGA. 1985.
HYDROLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE URANIUM MILL TAILINGS PILE
AT RIVERTON, WYOMING. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY, UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, CA.
12 MCKEON, T.J., S.W. TYLER, D.W. MAYER, AND A.E. REISENAUER.
1983. TRUST-II UTILITY PACKAGE: PARTIALLY SATURATED SOIL
CHARACTERIZATION, GRID GENERATION, AND ADVECTIVE TRANSPORT
ANALYSIS. NUREG/CR-3443, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION,
WASHINGTON, D.C.
C-12
-------
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): PRICKETT, T.A. AND C.6. LONNQUIST
address: ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY
BOX 232
URBANA, ILLINOIS 61801
IGWMC key= 0322
CONTACT ADDRESS •
contact person: PRICKETT, T.A.
address: T.A. PRICKETT AND ASSOC.
CONSULTING WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERS
6 G.H. BAKER DRIVE
URBANA, ILLINOIS 61801
phone: 217/384-0615
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: PLASH
model purpose:
A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR SIMULATING TWO-
DIMENSIONAL OR QUASI- THREE-DIMENSIONAL, TRANSIENT,
SATURATED FLOW FOR SINGLE LAYER OR MULTI-LAYERED
CONFINED, LEAKY CONFINED, OR WATER-TABLE AQUIFER
SYSTEMS WITH OPTIONAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND
RECHARGE FROM STREAMS.
completion date: 1971
last update date: 1986
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING
AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -WELL CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-HOMOGENEOUS
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
-ENGLISH UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-13
-------
MODEL INPUT -
areal values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY
-STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN RIVERBED
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
-ERROR CRITERIA
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEAD -FLUXES - WATER BALANCE
GEOMETRY OF MODEL—
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
-2D HORIZONTAL
PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
-FINITE DIFFERENCE
-GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-LINE SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION -ITERATIVE
ALTERNATING DIRECTION -GAUSS ELIMINATION -IMPLICIT
error criteria: -SUM HEAD CHANGE OVER MODEL BETWEEN ITERATIONS
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM 360/75, VAX 11/780, IBM PC/XT/AT
core storage: 200K FOR 2500 NODES
(256K FOR IBM PC/XT/AT VERSION)
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 2200
C-14
-------
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE LISTED IN REFERENCE II.
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING -DISKETTES
cost: $95 from IGWMC
MODEL EVALUATION
USABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
02
A MODIFIED VERSION OF PLASM TO ANALYZE HYDROLOGIC IMPACTS OF
MINING IS DOCUMENTED IN REF. #7. THESE MODIFIED PROGRAM CODES
ARE AVAILABLE THROUGH BOEING COMPUTER NETWORK
VARIOUS SPECIAL MICROCOMPUTER VERSIONS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE.
CONTACT IGWMC FOR MORE INFORMATION
REFERENCES
01 PRICKETT, T.A. AND C.G. LONNQUIST. 1971. SELECTED
DIGITAL COMPUTER TECHNIQUES FOR GROUNDWATER RESOURCE
EVALUATION. BULLETIN 55, ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY,
URBANA, IL.
02 PRICKETT, T.A. AND C.G. LONNQUIST. 1976. METHODS DE
ORDENADOR PARA EVALUACION DE RECURSOS HIDRAULICOS
SUBTERRANEOS. BOLETIN 41, MINISTERIO DE OBRAS PUBLICAS,
DIRECCION GENERAL DE OBRAS HIDRAULICOS, MADRID, SPAIN.
(SPANISH VERSION OF BULLETIN 55, ISWS).
03 INSTITUTO GEOLOGICO Y MINERO DE ESPANA. 1982. MODELOS
MONOCAPA EN REGIMEN TRANSITORIO— TOMO I: MANUALES DE
UTILIZACION. DIRECCION DE AGUAS SUBTERRANEAS Y GEOTECNIA,
MINISTERIO DE INDUSTRIA Y ENERGIA, COMISARIA DE LA ENERGIA
Y RECURSOS MINERALES, RIOS ROSAS 23, MADRID-3, SPAIN.
04 INSTITUTO GEOLOGICO Y MINERO DE ESPANA. 1981. MODELOS
MULTICAPA— TOMO I: MANUALES DE UTILIZACION, MINISTERIO DE
INDUSTRIA Y ENERGIA, COMISARIA DE LA ENERGIA Y RECURSOS
MINERALES, RIOS ROSAS 23, MADRID-3, SPAIN.
C-15
-------
05 INSTITUTO GEOLOGICO Y MINERO DE ESPANA. 1982. MODELOS
MONOCAPA EN REGIMEN TRANSITORIO— TOMO II: LISTADOS DE
ORDENADOR. MINISTERIO DE INDUSTRIA Y ENERGIA, COMISARIA
DE LA ENERGIA Y RECURSOS MINERALES, INSTITUTO GEOLOGICO Y
MINERO DE ESPANA, RIOS ROSAS 23, MADRID-3, SPAIN.
06 INSTITUTO GEOLOGICO Y MINERO DE ESPANA. 1981. MODELOS
MULTICAPA— TOMO II: LISTADOS DE PROGRAMAS. MINISTERIO DE
INDUSTRIA Y ENERGIA, COMISARIA DE LA ENERGIA Y RECURSOS
MINERALES, INSTITUTO GEOLOGICO Y MINERO DE ESPANA, RIOS
ROSAS 23, MADRID-3, SPAIN.
07 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR. 1981. GROUND WATER MODEL
HANDBOOK. OFFICE OF SURFACE MINING, H-D3004-021-81-1062D,
DENVER, COLORADO.
C-16
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IGWMC key= 0510
MODEL TEAM- -
author name(s): FINDER, G.F. AND E.O. FRIND
address: DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
PRINCETON, NJ 08540
phone: 609/452-4602
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: PINDER, G.F.
address: DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
PRINCETON, NJ 08540
phone: 609/452-4602
MODEL IDENTIFICATION - —
model name: ISOQUAD
model purpose: FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSIENT THREE-
DIMENSIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW IN CONFINED AND
UNCONFINED AQUIFERS.
completion date: 1974
last update date: 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE
IN CONFINING LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -HEADS- FLUXES- WELLS
surface flow
characteristics: -RIVERS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY.
C-17
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MODEL INPUT -
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS
-PERMEABILITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
boundary values: -HEADS-FLUXES
others: -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -INITIAL TIME STEP
-TIME STEP SEQUENCE
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS -FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL—
shape of cell: -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION -BAND ALGORITHM MATRIX SOLVER
COMPUTERS USED— - -
make and model: IBM 360/91, 370/158
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 800
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; DOCUMENTED IN REFERENCE #2
cost: UNKNOWN
C-18
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's Instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: UNKNOWN
REMARKS — -
01 EXPANDED AND MODIFIED VERSION DEVELOPED BY G.F. PINDER
AND C.I. VOSS. (SEE IGWMC-KEY 0514.)
02 EXTENDED AND UPDATED BY O.K. BABU IN 1981. (SEE REF. #3).
REFERENCES - - - —
01 PINDER, G.F. AND E.O. FRIND. 1972. APPLICATION OF
GALERKIN'S PROCEDURE TO AQUIFER ANALYSIS. WATER RESOURCES
RESEARCH, VOL. 8(1), PP. 108-120.
02 PINDER, G.F. 1974. A GALERKIN-FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR
AQUIFER EVALUATION. PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION, U.S.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
03 BABU, O.K., G.F. PINDER, AND M.C. HILL. 1982. THREE
DIMENSIONAL GROUNOWATER FLOW. 82-WR-7. WATER RESOURCES
PROGR., PRINCETON UNIVERSITY, PRINCETON, NJ.
C-19
-------
IGWMC key= 0514
MODEL TEAM - - -
author name(s): FINDER, G.F. AND C.I. VOSS
address: WATER RESOURCES PROGRAM, DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG.
PRINCETON UNIV., PRINCETON, NJ 08540
phone: 609/452-4602
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: VOSS, C.I.
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WATER RESOURCES DIVISION
NATIONAL CENTER, M.S. 431
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-6892
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: AQUIFEM
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSIENT,
AREAL GROUND WATER FLOW IN AN ISOTROPIC,
HETEROGENEOUS, CONFINED, LEAKY- CONFINED OR WATER
TABLE AQUIFER
completion date: 1971
last update date: 1979
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN
SPACE
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER
RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-20
-------
MODEL INPUT —
area! values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-SPECIFIC YIELD -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING
LAYER -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER AND LAKE BED
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
-NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
-NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES -WATER BALANCE
GEOMETRY OF MODEL-—
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
-20 HORIZONTAL
PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES- —
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
-FINITE ELEMENT
-CHOLESKY SQUARE ROOT
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: VAX 11/780
PROGRAM INFORMATION—
no. of statements: 1800
language: FORTRAN
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM LISTING AND DOCUMENTATION
PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #1.
available code form: -PRINTED LISTING
C-21
-------
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: GENERIC -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: FEW
REMARKS
01 EXPANDED AND MODIFIED VERSION OF ISOQUAD BY G.F. PINDER
(1971) AND G.F. PINDER AND E.G. FRIND (1974); SEE IGWMC KEY
0510. REVISIONS MADE IN 1974 (P.C. TRESCOTT) AND IN 1979
(C.I. VOSS).
REFERENCES
01 PINDER, G.F. AND C.I. VOSS. 1979. AQUIFEM, A FINITE
ELEMENT MODEL FOR AQUIFER SIMULATION. REPT. 7911, DEPT. OF
WATER RESOURCES ENG., ROYAL INST. OF TECHNOLOGY, S-100 44
STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN
02 PINDER, G.F. AND E.O. FRIND. 1972. APPLICATION OF
GALERKIN'S PROCEDURE TO AQUIFER ANALYSIS. WATER RESOURCES
RESEARCH, VOL. 8, PP. 108-120.
03 PINDER, G.F., E.O. FRIND AND S.S. PAPADOPULOS 1973.
FUNCTIONAL COEFFICIENTS IN THE ANALYSIS OF GROUND WATER
FLOW. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 9, PP. 222-226.
C-22
-------
MODEL TEAM - --
author name(s): HUYAKORN, P.S.
address: GEOTRANS, INC.
250 EXCHANGE PLACE, #A
HERNDON, VA 22070
phone: 703/ 435-4400
IGWMC key= 0582
CONTACT ADDRESS-
contact person: HUYAKORN, P.S.
address: HYDROGEOLOGIC, INC.
503 CARLISLE DRIVE, 1250
HERNDON, VA 22070
phone: 703/ 478 5186
MODEL IDENTIFICATION - - - -
model name: GREASE 2
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO STUDY TRANSIENT, MULTI-
DIMENSIONAL, SATURATED GROUNDWATER FLOW, SOLUTE
AND/OR ENERGY TRANSPORT IN FRACTURED AND UNFRACTURED,
ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS, MULTILAYERED POROUS MEDIA
completion date: JUL 1982
last update date: JUL 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE
IN CONFINING LAYER -DELAYED YIELD FROM STORAGE
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -DISCRETE FRACTURES
-DUAL POROSITY FRACTURE SYSTEM -AQUIFER COMPACTION
-THREE OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER
RECHARGE -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions:
model processes:
-HOMOGENEOUS -TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT -COMPRESSIBLE
-VARIABLE DENSITY
-CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-ADSORPTION
C-23
-------
other model
characteristics:
-ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -EQUATIONS FOR GROUNDWATER FLOW, SOLUTE
TRANSPORT, AND ENERGY TRANSPORT WITH COUPLING OF
FLOW AND ENERGY TRANSPORT
MODEL INPUT
areal values:
-THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -DIFFUSIVITY -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN
CONFINING LAYER -DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY -THERMAL CAPACITY -SPECIFIC HEAT
-TEMPERATURE -FLUID DENSITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-PRESCRIBED TEMPERATURE OR HEAT FLUX
-PRESCRIBED CONCENTRATION OR MASS FLUX OF
CONTAMINANTS
Others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE
LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
-ERROR CRITERIA -LEAKAGE RATES
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -VELOCITIES
-TEMPERATURE -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL-—
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-RECTANGULAR
-ID HORIZONTAL -ID VERTICAL -20 HORIZONTAL -2D
VERTICAL -3D -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 1000
TECHNIQUES •
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
-FINITE ELEMENT
GAUSS ELIMINATION
error criteria: -MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE -MASS BALANCE
C-24
-------
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: PRIME OR CDC
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
no. of statements: APPROX. 2000
language: FORTRAN
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: > $5,000
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: NO -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: UNKNOWN
-support: YES -model users: FEW
REFERENCES -
01 HUYAKORN, P.S. 1983. GREASE 2- USER'S MANUAL. GEOTRANS, INC.
HERNDON, VIRGINIA.
C-25
-------
IGWMC key= 0583
MODEL TEAM - -
author name(s): HUYAKORN, P.S.
address: GEOTRANS, INC.
250 EXCHANGE PLACE, #A
HERNOON, VA 22070
phone: 703/ 435-4400
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: HUYAKORN, P.S.
address: HYDROGEOLOGIC, INC.
503 CARLISLE DRIVE, #250
HERNDON, VA 22070
phone: 703/478-5186
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: SATURN 2
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO STUDY TRANSIENT, TWO-
DIMENSIONAL VARIABLY SATURATED FLOW AND SOLUTE
TRANSPORT IN ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS POROUS
MEDIA
completion date: JUL 1982
last update date: JUL 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS - —
aquifer conditions: -WATER TABLE -STORAGE IN CONFINING LAYER
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -INFILTRATION
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CAPILLARY FORCES -CONVECTION -CONDUCTION
-DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION -ABSORPTION
-DECAY -REACTIONS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -RICHARD'S EQUATION AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT EQUATION
C-26
-------
MODEL INPUT
areal values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY
-STORAGE COEFFICIENT -DIFFUSIVITY -DISPERSIVITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE
LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
-ERROR CRITERIA -RELATIVE PERMEABILITY VS.
SATURATION -PRESSURE HEAD VS. SATURATION -SOIL
PROPERTIES
MODEL OUTPUT -
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -VELOCITIES
-CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -RECTANGULAR -CYLINDRICAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL
-2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 1000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION
error criteria: -MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE -MASS BALANCE
COMPUTERS USED—
make and model: CDC OR PRIME
PROGRAM INFORMATION —
no. of statements: APPROX. 2000
language: FORTRAN
C-27
-------
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: > $5,000
MODEL EVALUATION —
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: NO
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: FEW
REFERENCES
01 HUYAKORN, P.S. AND S.D. THOMAS. 1984. TECHNIQUES FOR MAKING
FINITE ELEMENTS COMPETITIVE IN MODELING FLOW IN VARIABLY
SATURATED POROUS MEDIA. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH,
VOL. 20, NO. 8, PP. 1099-1115.
02 HUYAKORN, P.S., J.W. MERCER AND D.S. WARD. 1985. FINITE
ELEMENT MATRIX AND MASS BALANCE COMPUTATIONAL SCHEMES FOR
TRANSPORT IN VARIABILITY SATURATED POROUS MEDIA. WATER
RESOURCES RESEARCH 21(3): PP. 346-358.
C-28
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IGWMC key= 0588
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): HUYAKORN, P.S.
address: GEOTRANS, INC.
250 EXCHANGE PLACE, IA
HERNOON, VA 22070
phone: 703/435-4400
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: RUMBAUGH, J.
address: GEOTRANS, INC.
250 EXCHANGE PLAZA, #A
HERNDON, VA 22070
phone: 703/435-4400
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: SEFTRAN
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO PROVIDE SIMPLE AND COST-
EFFECTIVE ANALYSES OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLUID FLOW
AND CONTAMINANT OR HEAT TRANSPORT PROBLEMS IN AREAL,
CROSS-SECTIONAL OR AXISYMMETRIC CONFIGURATION
OF SATURATED, HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS
completion date: 1983
last update date: 1986
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE -CONCENTRATION -SOLUTE FLUXES
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CONVECTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION -DECAY
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW -PICK'S LAW -CONVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE
MASS TRANSPORT EQUATION
C-29
-------
MODEL INPUT
area! values:
-THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-DIFFUSIVITY -OISPERSIVITY -THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
-THERMAL CAPACITY -SPECIFIC HEAT -TEMPERATURE
-FLUID DENSITY -DECAY RATE -INITIAL QUALITY
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE
LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
-RETARDATION COEFFICIENT -CONCENTRATION AND SOLUTE
FLUX BOUNDARIES -INJECTED SOLUTE FLUX -NODAL
COORDINATES CAN BE RECTANGULAR ELEMENTS -A
SEPERATE AUTOMATIC MESH GENERATOR PROGRAM STRPGN
IS ALSO AVAILABLE
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -VELOCITIES
-TEMPERATURE -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL-—
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -TRIANGULAR
-ID HORIZONTAL -ID VERTICAL -2D HORIZONTAL -20
VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
-FINITE ELEMENT -ELEMENT CHARACTERISTICS ARE
DESCRIBED USING INFLUENCE COEFFICIENT TECHNIQUE
-STRONGLY IMPLICIT PROCEDURE -EXPLICIT -CRANK
NICHOLSON
C-30
-------
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: PRIME 400 -VAX 11/780 -IBM/PC
core storage: 200K
mass storage: DISK FILE ACCESS FOR INTERMEDIATE STORAGE OF VELOCITIES
PROGRAM INFORMATION - -
no. of statements: 1830
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE (TYPE: ASCII -EBCDIC) -PRINTED
LISTING -DISKETTES
cost: $800
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation:
-model users: MANY
YES
REMARKS-
01
AN INTERACTIVE PREPROCESSOR HAS BEEN DEVELOPED FOR VERSION 1.0
AT IGWMC AND IS DOCUMENTED IN REFERENCE #1. DATA VALIDITY CHECKS
AND ERROR RECOVERY PROCEDURES IN THE PROGRAM ENABLE THE USER TO
PREPARE AN ERROR-FREE DATA FILE FOR SEFTRAN. A DOCUMENTED IBM
PC VERSION OF THE UPDATED CODE AND PREPROCESSOR IS AVAILABLE
FROM GEOTRANS, INC.
02 CODE VALIDATION IS DISCUSSED IN: HUYAKORN, P.S., ET AL. 1984.
TESTING AND VALIDATION OF MODELS FOR SIMULATING SOLUTE TRANSPORT
IN GROUND-WATER: DEVELOPMENT, EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF
BENCHMARK TECHNIQUES. GWMI 84-13, INTERN. GROUND WATER MODELING
CENTER, HOLCOMB RES. INST., INDIANAPOLIS, IN.
REFERENCES
01 SRINIVASAN, P. 1983. PRESEF - DOCUMENTATION OF A PREPROCESSOR
FOR THE FINITE ELEMENT FLOW AND TRANSPORT MODEL, SEFTRAN,
GWMI 83-08, INTERNATIONAL GROUND WATER MODELING CENTER, HOLCOMB
RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, 125 PP.
C-31
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IGWMC key= 0589
MODEL TEAM - - -
author name(s): HUYAKORN, P.S., H.O. WHITE, JR., V.M.
GUVANASEN, AND B.H. LESTER
address: GEOTRANS, INC.
250 EXCHANGE PLACE, #A
HERNDON, VA. 22070
phone: 703/435-4400
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: WILLIAMS, S.
address: IGWMC
HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE
BUTLER UNIVERSITY
4600 SUNSET AVE.
INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46208
phone: 317/283-9458
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: TRAFRAP
model purpose: TRAFRAP IS A 2-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT CODE WHI.CH
SIMULATES GROUNDWATER FLOW AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN
FRACTURED POROUS MEDIA. MODEL PROCESSES INCLUDE
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FRACTURES AND POROUS MATRIX
BLOCKS, ADVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE TRANSPORT IN FRACTURES,
DIFFUSION, AND CHAIN REACTIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES.
completion date: MAY 1986
last update date: MAR 1987
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -ANISOTROPIC -DISCRETE
FRACTURES -DUAL POROSITY FRACTURE SYSTEM
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX
-CHANGING FLUX
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-ADSORPTION -DECAY -REACTIONS
C-32
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equations solved: -FLOW EQUATION AND EQUATION FOR HEAT OR SOLUTE
TRANSPORT WITH CONVECTION, DISPERSION, DECAY,
LINEAR ADSORPTION.
MODEL INPUT
areal values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -DISPERSIVITY -DECAY
RATE -INITIAL QUALITY
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF
TIME INCREMENTS -FRACTURE APERTURE -FRACTURE
THICKNESS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS -TEMPERATURES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-RECTANGULAR -TRIANGULAR
-2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR
RADIAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
-FINITE ELEMENT
-WEIGHTED RESIDUALS -THOMAS ALGORITHM
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: PRIME, VAX 11/780
C-33
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PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: FORTRAN 77
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; DISTRIBUTED BY IGWMC
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: $250 from IGWMC
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: NO
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: MANY
REMARKS--
01
TRAFRAP IS A MODIFIED AND EXTENDED VERSION OF FTRANS, A FINITE
ELEMENT CODE WHICH WAS DEVELOPED BY GEOTRANS FOR INTERA ENVIRON-
MENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC.; TRAFRAP HAS BEEN DEVELOPED FOR THE
IGWMC.
02 IGWMC ORGANIZES AN ANNUAL SHORT COURSE ON THE USE OF THIS MODEL
REFERENCES
01 INTERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS. 1983. FTRANS: A TWO-
DIMENSIONAL CODE FOR SIMULATING FLUID FLOW AND TRANSPORT OF
IN FRACTURED ROCK FOR REPOSITORY PER-
HOUSTON, TEXAS : INTERA ENVIRONMENTAL
RADIOACTIVE NUCLIDES
FORMANCE ASSESSMENT.
CONSULTANTS, INC.
02 HUYAKORN, P.S., H.O. WHITE, JR., V.M. GUVANASEN, AND B.H.
LESTER. 1986. TRAFRAP: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT
CODE FOR SIMULATING FLUID FLOW AND TRANSPORT OF RADIO-
NUCLIDES IN FRACTURED POROUS MEDIA. FOS-33, INTERNATIONAL
GROUNDWATER MODELING CENTER, HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE,
BUTLER UNIVERSITY, INDIANAPOLIS, IN.
C-34
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IGWMC key= 0611
MODEL TEAM— -
author name(s): REED, J.E., M.S. BEDIN6ER AND J.E. TERRY
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
RM. 2301, FEDERAL BUILDING
700 W. CAPITOL AVE.
LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS 72201
phone: 501/378-5219
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: TERRY, J.E.
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
RM. 2301, FEDERAL BUILDING
700 W. CAPITOL AVE.
LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS 72201
phone: 501/378 5219
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: SUPERMOCK
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSIENT
STRESS AND RESPONSE IN A SATURATED-UNSATURATEO
GROUND WATER FLOW SYSTEM INCLUDING A WATER-TABLE
AQUIFER OVERLYING A CONFINED AQUIFER
completion date: 1975
last update date: 1975
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS —
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -TWO OVERLYING
AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED
-LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -NO FLOW
-INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS
-CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE -DRAINAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -PRECIPITATION
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
C-35
-------
other model
characteristics:
-ENGLISH UNITS -CALIBRATION
equations solved: -TWO-DIMENSIONAL, HORIZONTAL FLOW EQUATION FOR
THE CONFINED AQUIFER.
-ONE-DIMENSIONAL, VERTICAL FLOW EQUATION FOR ZONE
DIRECTLY OVERLYING THE WATER-TABLE AQUIFER.
-PARAMETRIC RAINFALL ACCRETION FOR SOIL-MOISTURE
ACCOUNTING COMPONENT.
MODEL INPUT— -
area! values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER
-ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND LAKE BED
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES
-TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF
TIME INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA -SOIL PARAMETERS
-ROOT DEPTH -RIVER STAGES -THICKNESS OF STREAMBED
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL—-
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
-20 HORIZONTAL
-ID VERTICAL
PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
-FINITE DIFFERENCE
ALTERNATING DIRECTION -IMPLICIT
error criteria: -WATER BALANCE OVER MODEL
C-36
-------
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM 360/65,370/155
core storage: 350K
other requirements: USUALLY RUN WITH TWO ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS, WHICH
DISPLAY COMPUTED DATA AND COMPARE WITH OBSERVED
DATA
PROGRAM INFORMATION-
no. of statements:
:1610
language: :FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE AND USER'S MANUAL
PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #1
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: UNKNOWN
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: FEW
REMARKS-
01
TO AID IN DATA PREPARATION AND IN CALIBRATING THE MODEL
SEVERAL PROGRAMS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AND PUBLISHED IN
REFERENCE #2. THESE INCLUDE PROGRAMS FOR HARMONIC MEAN
WATER-LEVEL, HARMONIC MEAN CONDUCTIVITY FOR LAYERED
MATERIALS, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND POTENTIAL UPWARD
MOVEMENT OF WATER DUE TO EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, MAIN-STEM AND
TRIBUTARY STREAM-STAGE AND RATE CHANGE IN
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, CAUSED BY CHANGES IN HEAD.
REFERENCES
01 REED, J.E., M.S. BEDINGER AND J.E. TERRY. 1976. SIMULATION
PROCEDURE FOR MODELING TRANSIENT WATER-TABLE AND ARTESIAN
STRESS AND RESPONSE. OPEN FILE REP. 76-792, U.S. GEOL.
SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
02 LUDWIG, A.M. 1979. PRE-CONSTRUCTION AND POST-CONSTRUCTION
GROUND-WATER LEVELS, LOCK AND DAM 2, RED RIVER VALLEY,
LOUSIANA, OPEN FILE REP. 79-919, U.S. GEOL. SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
C-37
-------
03 LUDWIG, A.M. AND J.E. TERRY. 1980. METHODS AND APPLICATIONS
OF DIGITAL MODEL SIMULATION OF THE RED RIVER ALLUVIAL AQUIFER,
SHREVEPORT TO THE MOUTH OF THE BLACK RIVER, LOUISIANA.
WRI-79-114, U.S. GEOL. SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
C-38
-------
MODEL TEAM —
author name(s): KNOWLES, T.R.
IGWMC key= 0680
address: TEXAS WATER DEVELOPMENT BOARD
P.O. BOX 13231
AUSTIN, TX 78711
phone: 512/463-8407
CONTACT ADDRESS—
contact person: KNOWLES, T.R.
address: TEXAS WATER DEVELOPMENT BOARD
P.O. BOX 13231
AUSTIN, TX 78711
phone: 512/463-8407
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: GWSIM-II
model purpose: A TRANSIENT, TWO-DIMENSIONAL, HORIZONTAL FINITE
DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF WATER LEVELS
AND WATER QUALITY IN AN ANISOTROPIC HETEROGENEOUS
CONFINED AND UNCONFINED AQUIFER.
completion date: MAY 1978
last update date: AUG 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ANISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN
TIME (CONFINED - WATER TABLE CONVERSION) -CHANGING
AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN SPACE (CONFINED AND WATER
TABLE CONDITION IN SAME AQUIFER)
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER
RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE
PUMPAGE
fluid conditions:
model processes:
-HOMOGENEOUS
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION -CONVECTION -DISPERSION
C-39
-------
other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-ENGLISH UNITS
-DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY; TRANSPORT EQUATION
FOR SINGLE CONSERVATIVE DISSOLVED CONSTITUENT
MODEL INPUT —
areal values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -DIFFUSIVITY
-DISPERSIVITY -INITIAL QUALITY
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES
-PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME
INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER
CONSTITUENTS -PUMPAGE RATES -ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE
RATES -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE RATES
plotted graphics:
-------
COMPUTERS USED - -
make and model: UNIVAC 1100
core storage: 65K WORDS (2400 CELLS)
PROGRAM INFORMATION— - -
no. of statements: 1800
language: FORTRAN IV G
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: NO
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: UNKNOWN
-cod ing:UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: FEW
REMARKS-
01
02
THE FLOW SUBMODEL OF GWSIM-II IS BASED ON THE PRICKETT-
LONNQUIST FLOW MODEL 'PLASM1 VERSION 1971 (IGWMC-KEY 0322)
PROGRAM CODE MAY BE ORDER FROM:
TEXAS NATURAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM
P.O. BOX 13231
AUSTIN, TX 78711
ATTENTION: MARCY BERBRICK
REFERENCES -
01 TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES. 1978. DATA
COLLECTION AND EVALUATION SECTION, GWSIM-II - GROUNDWATER
SIMULATION PROGRAM, PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION AND USER'S
MANUAL. REPORT UM-16, TEXAS WATER DEVELOPMENT BOARD,
AUSTIN, TEXAS
C-41
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IGWMC Key= 0692
MODEL TEAM —
author name(s): INTERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC. AND
INTERCOM? RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT & ENG., INC. (1)
K.L. KIPP (2)
address: (1) 11999 KATY FREEWAY, SUITE 610
HOUSTON, TX 77079
(2) U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LAKEWOOD, CO 80225
phone:
CONTACT ADDRESS— -
contact person: KIPP, K.L.
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
BOX 25046 MAIL STOP 411
DENVER FEDERAL CENTER
LAKEWOOD, CO 80225
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: SWIP/SWIPR/HST3D
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE COUPLED
UNSTEADY, THREE-DIMENSIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW
HEAT AND CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT IN AN ANSIOTROPIC
HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFER
completion date: 1975
last update date: 1987
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -UNCONFINED -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
model processes:
-VARYING HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING FLUX -FREE
SURFACE -WELL CHARACTERISTICS -VARYING PUMPAGE
OR INJECTION -HEAT LOSS TO OVERBURDEN -TEMERATURES
-CONCENTRATIONS -SOLUTE FLUX
-HETEROGENEOUS -TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT -VARIABLE
DENSITY -VARIABLE VISCOSITY
-CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-ADSORPTION -DECAY -DESORPTION -HEAT LOSS
-PRESSURE EFFECTS ON ENTHALPY
C-42
-------
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH OR METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -CONSERVATION OF TOTAL LIQUID MASS USING DARCY'S
LAW CONSERVATION OF ENERGY, AND CONSERVATION OF
THE MASS OF A SPECIFIC CONTAMINANT DISSOLVED IN
THE FLUID
MODEL INPUT
area! values: -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -TEMPERATURE -FLUID
DENSITY -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE OR INJECTION
RATES -TEMPERATURES
-CONCENTRATIONS -HEAT AND SOLUTE SOURCES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES -TEMPERATURE
-CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS -FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL- — -
shape of cell: -RECTANGULAR -CYLINDRICAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -3D -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -AXIAL SYMMETRY -3-D ORTHOGONAL CARTESIAN GRID
TECHNIQUES -
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -LINE SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION -GAUSS
ELIMINATION
error criteria: -MASS BALANCE
COMPUTERS USED -
make and model: CDC 6600, IBM 370/158, DEC POP 10
core storage: 42K (DECIMAL) WORDS
C-43
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 15,000
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; SEE REMARKS
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: GENERIC -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: YES
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: MANY
REMARKS
01 SWIPR IS REVISED VERSION OF 1976 USGS/INTERCOMP MODEL SWIP.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS, 5285 PORT ROYAL RD, SPRINGFIELD,
VA 22161. TEL:(703)487-4763 SOFTWARE ID: PB-80122534
02 SWIFT AND SWIFT II ARE EXTENSIVELY MODIFIED VERSIONS OF SWIPR,
PREPARED BY SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES AND GEOTRANS, INC.
(SEE IGWMC KEY #3840)..
03 SWENT IS AN EXTENSIVELY MODIFIED VERSION OF SWIPR, DEVELOPED
BY OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORIES FOR ONWI. THE CODE IS
AVAILABLE FROM: PERFORMANCE AND ASSESSMENT BRANCH, OFF. NUCL.
WASTE ISOLATION, BATTELLE, 505 KING AVE., COLUMBUS, OH 43201
(SEE REF. 3).
04 HST3D IS AN EXTENSIVELY MODIFIED VERSION OF SWIPR AND SUPER-
CEDES SWIPR WITHIN THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. IT IS
AVAILABLE FROM THE USGS AND THE IGWMC.
REFERENCES
01 INTERCOM? RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND ENG. INC. 1976. A MODEL FOR
CALCULATING EFFECTS OF LIQUID WASTE DISPOSAL IN DEEP SALINE
AQUIFER, PART I DEVELOPMENT, PART II DOCUMENTATION. U.S.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WATER RESOURCES INVESTIGATION 76-61,
RESTON, VA. (AVAILABLE FROM NTIS, NO. PB-256903.)
02 INTERA, INC. 1979. REVISION OF THE DOCUMENTATION FOR A MODEL FOR
CALCULATING EFFECTS OF LIQUID WASTE DISPOSAL IN DEEP SALINE
AQUIFER. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WATER RESOURCES INVESTIGATION
79-96, RESTON, VA. (AVAILABLE FROM NTIS, NO. PB 122542.)
C-44
-------
03 INTERA, INC. 1983. SWENT: A THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE-DIFFERENCE
CODE FOR THE SIMULATION OF FLUID, ENERGY, AND SOLUTE RADIONUCLIDE
TRANSPORT, ONWI-457, OFF. OF NULCEAR WASTE ISOLATION, BATTELLE,
COLUMBUS, OHIO.
04 WILSON, J.L., B.S. RAMARAO, AND J.A. McNEISH, INTERA, INC.
1986. GRASP: A COMPUTER CODE TO PERFORM POST-SWENT ADJOINT
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF STEADY-STATE GROUND-WATER FLOW. ONWI-625,
OFF. OF NUCLEAR WASTE ISOLATION, BATTELLE, COLUMBUS, OHIO.
05 KIPP. JR., K.L. 1987. HST3D: A COMUTER CODE FOR SIMULATION OF
HEAT AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW
SYSTEMS. WRI 86-4095, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, LAKEWOOD, CO.
C-45
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IGWMC key= 0694
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): FAUST, C.R. (1), T. CHAN, B.S. RAMADA AND
B.M. THOMPSON (2)
address: 1) GEOTRANS, INC., HERDON, VA
2) INTERA, HOUSTON, TX
CONTACT ADDRESS —
contact person: CODE CUSTODIAN
address: PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT DEPT.
OFFICE OF NUCLEAR WASTE ISOLATION
BATTELLE PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIV.
505 KING AVENUE
COLUMBUS, OH 43201
phone: 614/424-4326/5472
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: STFLO
model purpose: A LINEAR FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SIMULATION OF
STEADY-STATE, TWO-DIMENSIONAL (AREAL OR VERTICAL)
PLANE OR AXISYMMETRIC GROUND-WATER FLOW IN
ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS, CONFINED, LEAKY OR
WATER-TABLE AQUIFERS.
completion date: OCT 1982
last update date: OCT 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ISOTROPIC
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT
PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS -CONSISTENT UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-46
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MODEL INPUT -
areal values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -PERMEABILITY
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
others: -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES
MODEL OUTPUT - — -
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL -20 VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 1000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -CHOLESKY DECOMPOSITION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: CDC CYBER 176
core storage: 74K
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
no. of statements: 625
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; -CODE AND USER'S MANUAL PUBLISHED
IN REF. II.
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
C-47
-------
MODEL EVALUATFON-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: UNKNOWN
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: UNKNOWN
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: UNKNOWN
REFERENCES — ,-
01 INTERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS INC. 1983. STFLO: A FINITE-
ELEMENT CODE FOR STEADY-STATE FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA. ONWI-428
OFFICE OF NUCLEAR WASTE ISOLATION BATTELLE, COLUMBUS, OH.
C-48
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MODEL TEAM
author name(s): KONIKOW, L.F. AND J.D. BREDEHOEFT
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
431 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/648-5878
IGWMC key= 0740
CONTACT ADDRESS —
contact person: KONIKOW, L.F.
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
431 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/648-5878
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: HOC
model purpose: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSIENT,
HORIZONTAL OR CROSS-SECTIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW
(FINITE DIFFERENCE) AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT (METHOD
OF CHARACTERISTICS) IN CONFINED, SEMI-CONFINED OR
WATER-TABLE AQUIFERS
completion date: NOV 1976
last update date: MAR 1987
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED LEAKY CONFINED -WATER TABLE -ISOTROPIC
-ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER
RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE
PUMPAGE -CONSTANT CONCENTRATION
-HOMOGENEOUS
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION -CONVECTION -DISPERSION
-DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION -DECAY
-ENGLISH UNITS -CAN BE COUPLED TO 1-D STREAMFLOW
MODEL
-GROUNDWATER FLOW EQUATION AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT
EQUATION WITH FIRST-ORDER DECAY AND LINEAR REACTIONS
C-49
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MODEL INPUT— -•
areal values:
-THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND LAKE BED
-DISPERSIVITY -INITIAL QUALITY
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME STEP
SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCRE-
MENTS -ERROR CRITERIA -PARTICLE TRACKING OPTIONS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -VELOCITIES
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED OR LAKE BED
-DISPERSIVITY -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY
-STORAGE COEFFICIENT -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER
CONSTITUENTS -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND WATER RECHARGE
RATES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
-2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique;
-FINITE DIFFERENCE
-ITERATIVE ALTERNATING DIRECTION -METHOD OF
CHARACTERISTICS -PARTICLE IN A CELL -IMPLICIT
error criteria: -MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE -MASS BALANCE
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM 370, DEC 10, IBM PC/XT/AT, VAX 11/780, MICROVAX II
core storage: 200K WORDS (1000 NODES); 512K FOR IBM-PC/XT/AT
C-50
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PROGRAM INFORMATION— -
no. of statements: 2000
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; -CONTACT IGWMC
available code form: -TAPE -PRINTED LISTING -DISKETTES
cost: $200 from IGWMC
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: YES -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: YES -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: YES
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: YES
-support: YES -model users: MANY
REMARKS—- -
01 NOTES ON COMPUTER PROGRAM UPDATES HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED
BY USGS, RESTON, VIRGINIA ON THE FOLLOWING DATES:
1. MAY 16, 1979 7. JUL. 26, 1985 13. MAR. 5, 1987
2. MAR. 26, 1980 8. JUL. 31, 1985
3. DEC. 4, 1980 9. AUG. 2, 1985
4. AUG. 26, 1981 10. AUG. 8, 1985
5. OCT. 12, 1983 11. AUG. 12, 1985
6. JUN. 10, 1985 12. JUL. 2, 1986
02 A MODIFICATION OF THIS MODEL TO TRACK REPRESENTIVE WATER
OR TRACER PARTICLES INITIALLY LOADED ALONG SPECIFIC LINES
IS DEVELOPED BY GARABEDIAN AND KONIKOW (1983) (SEE
IGWMC KEY 0741.)
03 A VERSION OF MOC IDENTICAL TO THE MOST RECENT USGS
MAINFRAME VERSION IS AVAILABLE FOR IBM PC FROM
IGWMC. MINIMUM SYSTEM CONFIGURATION IS AN IBM PC WITH
512K. EXECUTABLE VERSIONS FOR INSTALLATIONS WITH OR
WITHOUT THE INTEL 8087 NUMERICAL CO-PROCESSOR ARE PROVIDED.
CONTACT IGWMC FOR MORE INFORMATION.
04 THE CODE HAS BEEN MODIFIED BY HUTCHINSON (SEE REF. #8) TO
ALLOW HEAD-DEPENDENT FLUX AS A BOUNDARY CONDITION.
C-51
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REFERENCES - - -
01 PINDER, G.F. AND H.H. COOPER. 1970. A NUMERICAL TECH-
NIQUE FOR CALCULATING THE TRANSIENT POSITION OF THE
SALTWATER FRONT. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 6(3):
PP. 875-882.
02 BREDEHOEFT, J.D. AND G.F. PINDER. 1973. MASS TRANSPORT
IN FLOWING GROUNDWATER. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH,
VOL. 9(1), PP. 194-210.
03 KONIKOW, L.F. AND J.D. BREDEHOEFT. 1974. MODELING FLOW
AND CHEMICAL QUALITY CHANGES IN AN IRRIGATED STREAM-
AQUIFER SYSTEM. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 10(3),
PP. 546-562.
04 ROBERTSON, J.B. 1974. DIGITAL MODELING OF RADIOACTIVE
AND CHEMICAL WASTE TRANSPORT IN THE SNAKE RIVER PLAIN
AQUIFER AT THE NATIONAL REACTOR TESTING STATION, IDAHO.
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, OPEN FILE REPORT IPO-22054,
MOSCOW, ID.
05 KONIKOW, L.F. AND J.D. BREDEHOEFT. 1978. COMPUTER MODEL
OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL SOUTE TRANSPORT AND DISPERSION IN
GROUND WATER, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, TECHNIQUES OF WATER-
RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS, BK 7, CH. C2, RESTON, VA.
06 KONIKOW, L.F. 1975. MODELING SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN
GROUNDWATER. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL
SENSING AND ASSESSMENT, THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, ANNALS NO. 75CH1004-I 20-3.
07 TRACY, J.V. 1982. USERS GUIDE AND DOCUMENT FOR ADSORPTION AND
DECAY MODIFICATIONS TO THE USGS SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODEL. NUREG/
CR-2502, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMM., WASHINGTON, D.C.
08 HUTCHINSON, C.B. et al. 1981. HYDROGEOLOGY OF WELL-FIELD
AREAS NEAR TAMPA, FLORIDA. U.S.G.S. OPEN-FILE REPORT
81-630. PP. 129, TALLAHASSEE, FL.
C-52
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MODEL TEAM
author name(s): GARABEDIAN, S.P. AND L.F. KONIKOW
address: WATER RESOURCES DIVISION
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
431 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA. 22092
phone: 703/698-5878
IGWMC key= 0741
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: KONIKOW, L.F.
address: WATER RESOURCES DIVISION
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
431 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/698-5878
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: FRONTRACK
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF
CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT OF A CONSERVATIVE TRACER
DISSOLVED IN GROUNDWATER UNDER STEADY OR TRANSIENT
FLOW CONDITIONS. THE MODEL CALCULATES HEADS,
VELOCITIES AND TRACER PARTICLE POSITIONS.
completion date: 1983
last update date: 1983
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS-
aquifer conditions:
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
-CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
-HETEROGENEOUS
-STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT
PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-HOMOGENEOUS
-ADVECTION
-METRIC UNITS -AUTOMATIC TIMESTEP SUBDIVISION TO
KEEP PARTICLE MOVEMENT WITHIN CELL WIDTH
C-53
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equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY RESULTING IN TWO
UNCOUPLED PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, ONE FOR
HEAD AND ONE FOR SEEPAGE VELOCITY
MODEL INPUT
area! values: -TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES -PARTICLE
POSITION AND PATHLINES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
TECHNIQUES —
basic modeling
technique: -BLOCK-CENTERED -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -ITERATIVE ALTERNATING DIRECTION -METHOD OF
CHARACTERISTICS -IMPLICIT -PARTICLE TRACKING
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: HARRIS S125, PRIME
PROGRAM INFORMATION— --
no. of statements: 1425
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; CODE AND DOCUMENTATION PUBLISHED IN
REFERENCE II.
C-54
-------
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: GENERIC -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: UNKNOWN
-support: YES -model users: FEW
REMARKS —
01 THE CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT MECHANISM REPRESENTED IN THIS
MODEL HAS BEEN ADAPTED FROM THE SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODEL,
DEVELOPED BY KONIKOW AND BREDEHOEFT (1978). THE
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND IS DISCUSSED IN REFERENCE 12.
REFERENCES-- - - -
01 GARABEDIAN, S.P., AND L.F. KONIKOW. 1983. FRONT-TRACKING MODEL
FOR CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT IN FLOWING GROUND WATER.
WRI-83-4034, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
02 KONIKOW, L.F. AND J.D. BREDEHOEFT. 1978. COMPUTER MODEL OF
TWO-DIMENSIONAL SOLUTE TRANSPORT AND DISPERSION IN
GROUND WATER. TECHN. OF WATER RESOURC. INVESTIGATION,
BOOK 7, CH. C2, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
C-55
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IGWMC key= 0742
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): SANFORO, W.E. AND L.F. KONIKOW
address: U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
431 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/648-5878
affiliation: -FEDERAL/NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: SANFORD, W.E., AND L.F. KONIKOW
address: U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
431 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/648-5878
MODEL IDENTIFICATION — -
model name: MOCDENSE
model purpose: A MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSPORT AND DISPERSION OF
EITHER ONE OR TWO CONSTITUENTS IN GROUNDWATER WHERE
THERE IS TWO-DIMENSIONAL, DENSITY DEPENDENT FLOW.
IT USES FINITE-DIFFERENCE AND METHOD OF
CHARACTERISTICS TO SOLVE THE FLOW AND TRANSPORT
EQUATIONS.
completion date: 1985
last update date: 1986
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS - -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
-HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -PRESCRIBED CONCENTRATION
fluid conditions: -HETEROGENEOUS -SALT WATER/FRESH WATER INTERFACE
-VARIABLE DENSITY
model processes: -DISPERSION -ADVECTION
C-56
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MODEL INPUT
areal values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -DIFFUSIVITY -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER -DISPERSIVITY -FLUID
DENSITY -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -CONCENTRATIONS
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME
INCREMENTS
MODEL OUTPUT — —
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -VELOCITIES
-CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D VERTICAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -CROSS SECTIONAL OR VERTICAL VIEW
number of nodes: 400
TECHNIQUES-- —
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE - METHOD OF CHARACTERISTICS
equation solving
technique: -STRONGLY IMPLICIT PROCEDURE
error criteria: -MASS BALANCE
COMPUTERS USED — - —
make and model: VAX 11/780, PRIME, IBM PC
core storage: 640K
mass storage: 360K
C-57
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PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 3000
language: FORTRAN
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; -CONTACT IGWMC
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING -DISKETTES
cost: $150 from IGWMC
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: FEW
REFERENCES - —
01 SANFORD, W.E. AND L.F. KONIKOW. 1985. A TWO-CONSTITUENT
SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODEL FOR GROUND WATER HAVING VARIABLE
DENSITY. U.S.G.S. WATER RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT
85-4279, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VA
C-58
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IGWMC key= 0770
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): TRESCOTT, P.O. AND S.P. LARSON
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WATER RESOURCES DIVISION
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-7000
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: TORAK, L.
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
BRANCH OF GROUNDWATER
M.S. 411 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/ 860-7000
MODEL IDENTIFICATION —
model name: USGS-3D-FLOW
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSIENT,
THREE-DIMENSIONAL AND QUASI-THREE-DIMENSIONAL,
SATURATED FLOW IN ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS GROUND
WATER SYSTEMS
completion date: 1975
last update date: 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS —
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -STORAGE IN
CONFINING LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY
OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT
PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-59
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MODEL INPUT
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY
-STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -GROUND WATER
RECHARGE RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME
INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA -THICKNESS AND SPECIFIC
STORAGE OF CONFINING BED.
MODEL OUTPUT-- - - — -
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC
YIELD -DRAWDOWN
GEOMETRY OF MODEL - -
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL -3D
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -STRONGLY IMPLICIT PROCEDURE -IMPLICIT -CRANK
NICHOLSON
error criteria: -WATER BALANCE OVER MODEL -USER SPECIFIED
COMPUTERS USED —
make and model: IBM 370/155, VAX 11/780, PRIME
core storage: 756K (10000 NODES)
C-60
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PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 1600
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE
LISTED IN REFERENCE #1 AND #2.
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: YES -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: YES -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: YES
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: YES
-support: YES -model users: MANY
REMARKS
01 TWO VERSIONS OF THE CODE ARE AVAILABLE, AND RESIDE ON THE
AMDAHL COMPUTER IN RESTON, VIRGINIA.
(1) MODIFIED AND CORRECTED VERSION CAN BE ACCESSED AS:
DSN=VG4E91L.HEDDEP.FORTGI.FORT,UNIT=3330-1,VOL=SER=SYS312,
DISP=SHR
(2) CORRECTED VERSION CAN BE ACCESSED AS:
DSN=VG4E91L.STANDTD.FORTGI.FORT,UN 11=3330-1,VOL=SER=SYS010,
DISP=SHR
02 PROGRAM CODE (CARD OR TAPE) AND DOCUMENTATION OF BOTH
VERSIONS ARE AVAILABLE FROM:
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
COMPUTER CENTER DIVISION, BTP
NATIONAL CENTER, MAIL STOP 804
RESTON, VA 22092
PHONE: (703)860-7931
03 MODIFICATIONS AND CORRECTIONS FOR THE ORIGINAL VERSION
ARE PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE 110. THIS REPORT INCLUDES
MODIFIED SOURCE CODE.
04 A VERSION FOR DEC VAX-11/780 IS AVAILABLE FROM IGWMC
05 A PROGRAM WRITTEN TO CALCULATE INPUT ARRAYS FOR
TRANSMISSIVITY TO BE USED WITH USGS-3D-FLOW MODEL IS
DESCRIBED IN REFERENCE #6.
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06 A LISTING OF A MODIFIED VERSION TO INCLUDE EVAPOTRANSPI-
RATION AND INTERACTION BETWEEN A RIVER AND THE UPPER
AQUIFER IS PRESENTED IN REFERENCE #8.
07 THE PROGRAM HAS ALSO BEEN MODIFIED IN 1982 TO EXTEND ITS
APPLICATION TO HEAD-DEPENDENT SOURCES AND SINKS. CHANGES WERE
ALSO MADE TO ENHANCE CONVERGENCE OF AN ITERATIVE SOLUTION BY
THE STRONGLY IMPLICIT PROCEDURE. THE MODIFICATIONS AND
CORRECTIONS ARE PUBLISHED AS IN REFERENCE #7.
08 MICROCOMPUTER VERSIONS FOR IBM/PC, FOR DEC VAX, PDP-11 &
PRO 350, AND FOR H/P 200 & 9000 AVAILABLE FROM J.S. LLOYD,
DPMS-DESIGN PROFESSIONALS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, P.O. BOX 2364,
KIRKLAND, WA 98033, TEL. 206/822-2872.
09 A PRE-PROCESSOR ENABLING THE USE OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL
FLOW MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF VARIABLE DENSITY GROUND-WATER
FLOW HAS BEEN PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #13. THIS PROGRAM
REQUIRES INFORMATION ON AQUIFER ELEVATION, THICKNESS, AND
GROUND-WATER DENSITY. THE PROGRAM THEN CALCULATES PSEUDO-
INPUT TERMS FOR TRANSMISSIVITY, WELL INPUT AND LEAKANCE.
10 A MODIFICATION THAT EFFECTIVELY HANDLES CONFINING-BED AND
AQUIFER PINCHOUTS AND REDUCES COMPUTER-MEMORY REQUIREMENTS
FOR SITUATIONS WITH COMPLEX BOUNDARIES, HAS BEEN
PUBLISHED IN REF. 111. THIS REFERENCE INCLUDES PROGRAM
LISTING AND USER INSTRUCTIONS.
11 A MODIFIED VERSION IS PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #12. THESE
MODIFICATIONS CONCERN LEAKAGE BETWEEN LAYERS, SPRING DISCHARGE,
STREAM-AQUIFER INTERCHANGE, SPRINGFLOW RECHARGE TO MIDDLE
LAYER, WATER-BUDGET DETERMINATION FOR EACH LAYER, LOCATION
OF LARGEST HEAD CHANGES AND FLOW TO EACH CONSTANT HEAD NODE.
REF. #12 INCLUDES MODIFIED PROGRAM LISTING.
12 AN EXTENSIVELY MODIFIED VERSION IS ANNOTATED AS IGWMC KEY 2740.
THIS VERSION IS PUBLISHED IN REF. #9
13 A VERSION WITH TRANSIENT LEAKAGE FROM CONFINING LAYERS IS
ANNOTATED AS IGWMC KEY 3880. USER'S INSTRUCTIONS ARE
INCLUDED HEREIN, AS WELL AS A PROGRAM FOR PARAMETER
ESTIMATION BASED ON HEAD COMPUTATION
14 THE USGS-3D-FLOW MODEL HAS BEEN EVALUATED IN; THOMAS, S.D.,
B. ROSS, J.W. MERCER. 1982. A SUMMARY OF REPOSITORY SITING
MODELS. NUREG/CR-2782, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION,
WASHINGTON, D.C.
15 A MODIFIED VERSION OF THIS THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL HAS
BEEN PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #14. THIS MODIFIED VERSION
ALLOWS SIMULATION OF LEAKAGE ALONG STREAMS FROM ALL LAYERS
OF THE MODEL AND SIMULATION OF RECHARGE FROM THE LAND
SURFACE TO ALL LAYERS.
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REFERENCES
01 TRESCOTT, P.O. 1975. DOCUMENTATION OF FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL
FOR SIMULATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL GROUND WATER FLOW. U.S.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, OPEN-FILE REPORT 75-438, RESTON, VA.
02 TRESCOTT, P.C. AND S.P. LARSON. 1976. SUPPLEMENT TO OPEN-FILE
REPORT 75-438. U.S. GEOL. SURVEY, OPEN-FILE REPORT 76-591,
RESTON, VA.
03 TRESCOTT, P.C. AND S.P. LARSON. 1977. SOLUTION OF THREE-
DIMENSIONAL GROUND WATER FLOW EQUATIONS USING THE STRONGLY
IMPLICIT PROCEDURE. J. HYDROL., VOL. 35, PP. 49-60.
04 BENNET, G.D., A.L. KONTIS, AND S.P. LARSON. 1982. REPRE-
SENTATION OF MULTI-AQUIFER WELL EFFECTS IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL
GROUNDWATER FLOW SIMULATION. GROUND WATER, VOL. 20(3),
PP. 334-341.
05 BRIZ-KISHORE, B.H. AND R.V.S.S. ARADHANULU. 1982. A COMPACT
MODIFIED THREE-DIMENSIONAL AQUIFER SIMULATION PROGRAM FOR
SMALL COMPUTERS. GROUND WATER, VOL. 20(3), PP. 342-344.
06 WEISS, E. 1982. A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR CALCULATING
RELATIVE TRANSMISSIVITY INPUT ARRAYS TO AID MODEL
CALIBRATION. U.S. GEOL. SURVEY, OPEN-FILE REPORT 82-447,
DENVER, COLORADO.
07 GUSWA, J.H. AND D.R. LE BLANC. 1981. DIGITAL MODELS
OF GROUND WATER FLOW IN THE CAPE COD AQUIFER SYSTEM,
MASSACHUSSETS. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, OPEN-FILE REPT.
80-67, BOSTON, MA.
08 RYDER, P.O., D.M. JOHNSON AND J.M. GERHART. 1980.
MODEL EVALUATION OF THE HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE MORRIS BRIDGE
WELL FIELD AND VICINITY IN WEST-CENTRAL FLORIDA.
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, OPEN-FILE REPORT 80-29, TALLAHASSEE,
FLORIDA.
09 POSSON D.R., G.A. HEARNE, J.V. TRACY AND P.F. FRENZEL.
1980. COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR SIMULATING GEOHYDROLOGIC SYSTEMS
IN THREE DIMENSIONS. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, OPEN-FILE
REPORT 80-421 (MODIFIED VERSION), RESTON, VA.
10 TORAK, L.J. 1982. MODIFICATIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO THE
FINITE-DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL
GROUND-WATER FLOW. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, OPEN-FILE REPORT
82-4025, RESTON VIRGINIA.
11 LEAHY, P.P. 1982. A THREE-DIMENSIONAL GROUNDWATER-FLOW MODEL
MODIFIED TO REDUCE COMPUTER-MEMORY REQUIREMENTS AND BETTER
SIMULATE CONFINING-BED AND AQUIFER PINCHOUTS.
WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS 82-4023, U.S. GEOLOGICAL
SURVEY, TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.
C-63
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12 HELGESEN, O.O., S.P. LARSON AND A.C. RAZEM. 1982.
MODEL MODIFICATIONS FOR SIMULATION OF FLOW THROUGH
STRATIFIED ROCKS IN EASTERN OHIO. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WATER RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS 82-4019, COLUMBUS, OHIO.
13 WEISS, E. 1982. A MODEL FOR THE SIMULATION OF FLOW OF
VARIABLE DENSITY GROUND WATER IN THREE DIMENSIONS UNDER
STEADY-STATE CONDITIONS. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, OPEN-FILE
REPT. 82-352, DENVER, COLORADO.
14 MORRISSEY, D.J., G.C. LINES AND S.D. BARTHOLOMA. 1980.
THREE DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL-COMPUTER MODEL OF THE FERRON
SANDSTONE AQUIFER NEAR EMERY, UTAH. WATER-RESOURC.
INVESTIG. 80-62, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, SALT LAKE CITY,
UTAH, 101 P.
C-64
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IGWMC key= 0771
MODEL TEAM - —
author name(s): TRESCOTT, P.C., G.F. PINDER AND S.P. LARSON
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
BRANCH OF GROUND WATER
M.S. 411 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-7000
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: TORAK, L.J.
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
BRANCH OF GROUND WATER
M.S. 411 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-7000
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: USGS-2D-FLOW
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSIENT,
TWO-DIMENSIONAL HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL FLOW IN AN
ANISOTROPIC AND HETEROGENEOUS, CONFINED, LEAKY-
CONFINED OR WATER-TABLE AQUIFER.
completion date: 1975
last update date: 1976
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS - -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -STORAGE IN
CONFINING LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT
PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-65
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MODEL INPUT
areal values: -ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC
YIELD -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
boundary values: -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME
STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA
-THICKNESS OF CONFINING LAYER
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES —
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -LINE SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION -ITERATIVE
ALTERNATING DIRECTION -STRONGLY IMPLICIT PROCEDURE
-IMPLICIT -CRANK NICHOLSON
error criteria: -MASS BALANCE
COMPUTERS USED - -- -
make and model: IBM 370/155
core storage: 756K (6250 NODES)
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 2400
language: FORTRAN IV
C-66
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terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; TO OBTAIN PROGRAM CODE, CONTACT ADDRESS
GIVEN IN REMARK fl; CODE ALSO PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE II,
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: YES -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: YES
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: YES
-support: YES -model users: MANY
REMARKS— - — -
01 CODE AND DOCUMENTATION TO BE ORDERED FROM:
RALPH N. EICHER, CHIEF
OFFICE OF TELEPROCESSING, M.S. 805
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
RESTON, VA 22092
02 THIS MODEL HAS BEEN UNDER DEVELOPMENT AT THE USGS SINCE
1968 AS ILLUSTRATED BY REFERENCES #11 AND #12.
03 A MODIFICATION OF THE SOLUTION TECHNIQUE USING THE
DIRECT-SOLUTION ALGORITHM (DS) INSTEAD OF THE STRONGLY
IMPLICIT PROCEDURE (SIP) IS GIVEN IN REFERENCE #2.
04 A VERSION USING SUBSTANTIAL REDUCED MEMORY FOR SAME
SIZE PROBLEM HAS BEEN PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #7. THIS
PUBLICATION ALSO INCLUDES LISTING OF THE FORTRAN CODE.
05 A MODIFIED VERSION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #4. THIS
VERSION INCLUDES HEAD CONTROLLED FLUX BOUNDARY CONDITIONS.
ONLY THE SOR SOLUTION METHOD IS USED. REFERENCE #4 CONTAINS
PROGRAM CODE, USER INSTRUCTIONS AND EXAMPLE IN- AND OUTPUT
USING FIELD CASE DATA.
06 A VERSION FOR DEC VAX-11/780 IS AVAILABLE FROM IGWMC,
INDIANAPOLIS.
07 MICROCOMPUTER VERSIONS FOR IBM/PC, FOR DEC VAX, PDP-11 &
PRO 350, AND FOR H/P 200 & 9000 AVAILABLE FROM
J.S. LLOYD, DPMS-DESIGN PROFESSIONALS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
P.O.BOX 2364, KIRKLAND, WA 98033, TEL. 206/822-2872.
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08 AN EARLY VERSION OF THIS CODE HAS BEEN PUBLISHED IN
REFERENCE #8, INCLUDING USER'S INSTRUCTIONS.
09 A MODIFIED VERSION INCLUDING STREAM FLOW ACCOUNTING
PROCEDURE HAS BEEN PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE 19 AND ITS USE
IS DESCRIBED IN REFERENCE 110.
10 THE MODEL HAS BEEN EVALUATED IN: THOMAS, S.D., B. ROSS,
J.W. MERCER. JULY 1982. A SUMMARY OF REPOSITORY SITING
MODELS. NUREG/CR-2782, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION,
WASHINGTON, D.C.
11 A VERSION OF THIS USGS-2D FLOW MODEL, IN WHICH THE
ORIGINAL EQUATION SOLVING SUBROUTINES IS REPLACED BY ONE
WHICH IS BASED ON THE CONJUGATE-GRADIENT METHOD HAS BEEN
PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #13. THIS METHOD HAS A HIGHER
EFFICIENCY FOR CERTAIN KINDS OF PROBLEMS BECAUSE IT DOES NOT
REQUIRE THE USE OF ITERATION PARAMETERS. THE NEWLY WRITTEN
SUBROUTINES ARE LISTED IN THE REPORT.
12 THE CONJUGATE-GRADIENT METHOD IS APPLIED TO SOLVE THE
MATRIX SYSTEM. SUBROUTINE IS GIVEN IN REFERENCE #13.
13 A MODIFIED VERSION TO ENABLE SIMULATION OF THE INTERACTION
BETWEEN SURFACE WATER AND GROUND WATER DURING PERIODS OF
LOW STREAMFLOW IS LISTED IN REFERENCE #14.
REFERENCES -
01 TRESCOTT, P.C., G.F. PINDER AND S..P. LARSON. 1976. FINITE-
DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR AQUIFER SIMULATION IN TWO DIMENSIONS
WITH RESULTS OF NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS. TECHN. OF WATER
RESOURCES INVESTIGATION. BOOK 7 CHAPTER Cl, U.S. GEOL. SURVEY,
RESTON, VA
02 LARSON, S.P. 1978. DIRECT SOLUTION ALGORITHM FOR THE TWO-
DIMENSIONAL GROUND WATER FLOW MODEL. OPEN FILE REPORT
79-202, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
03 RAZEM, A.C. AND S.D. BARTHOLMA. 1980. DIGITAL-COMPUTER
MODEL OF GROUND-WATER FLOW IN TOOELE VALLEY, UTAH. OPEN-FILE
REPORT 80-446, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SALT LAKE CITY, UT.
04 HUTCHINSON, C.B., D.M. JOHNSON AND J.M. GERHART. 1981.
HYDROGEOLOGY OF WELL-FIELD AREAS NEAR TAMPA, FLORIDA,
PHASE I - DEVELOPMENT AND DOCUMENTATION OF A TWO-DIMENSIONAL
FINITE-DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF STEADY-STATE GROUND-
WATER FLOW. OPEN-FILE REPORT 81-630, U.S. GEOLOGICAL
SURVEY, TALLAHASSEE, FL.
05 TRESCOTT, P.C. AND S.P. LARSON. 1977. COMPARISON OF ITERAT-
IVE METHODS OF SOLVING TWO-DIMENSIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW
EQUATIONS. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 13(1):PP.125-136.
C-68
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06 LARSON, S.P. AND P.O. TRESCOTT. 1977. SOLUTION OF WATER-
TABLE AND ANISTROPIC FLOW PROBLEMS BY USING THE STRONGLY
IMPLICIT PROCEDURE. J. RESEARCH, USGS, VOL. 5(6):815-821.
07 BRIZ-KISHORE, B.H. AND R.V.S.S. AVADHANULU. 1983. AN
EFFICIENT PROCEDURE IN THE DIGITAL SIMULATION OF AQUIFER
SYSTEMS. J. HYDROLOGY, VOL. 64, PP. 159-174.
08 THOMAS, R.G. 1973. GROUNDWATER MODELS. FAO IRRIGATION AND
DRAINAGE PAPER 21, FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE
UNITED NATIONS, ROME, ITALY.
09 CRIST, M.A. 1983. COMPUTER PROGRAM AND DATA LISTING FOR TWO-
DIMENSIONAL GROUND-WATER MODEL FOR LARAMIE COUNTY, WYOMING.
WRI-4137, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, CHEYENNE, WYOMING.
10 CRIST, M.A. 1980. EFFECT OF PUMPAGE ON GROUNDWATER LEVELS AS
MODELED IN LARAMIE COUNTY, WYOMING. WRI-80-1104, U.S. GEOLOGICAL
SURVEY, CHEYENNE, WYOMING.
11 TRESCOTT, P.C. 1973. ITERATIVE DIGITAL MODEL FOR AQUIFER
EVALUATION. OPEN FILE REPT. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON,
VIRGINIA.
12 PINDER, G.F. 1970. AN ITERATIVE DIGITAL MODEL FOR AQUIFER
EVALUATION. OPEN FILE REPT. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON,
VIRGINIA.
13 MANTEUFFEL, T.A., D.B. GROVE AND L.F. KONIKOW. 1983.
APPLICATION OF THE CONJUGATE-GRADIENT METHOD TO GROUNDWATER
MODELS. WRI 83-4009, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, DENVER,
COLORADO.
14 OZBILGIN, M.M. AND D.C. DICKERMAN. 1984. A MODIFICATION OF
THE FINITE-DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF TWO
DIMENSIONAL GROUND-WATER FLOW TO INCLUDE SURFACE-GROUND
WATER RELATIONSHIPS. WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT
83-4251, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, PROVIDENCE, RI.
C-69
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MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): MILLER, I. AND J. MARLON-LAMBERT
address: GOLDER ASSOCIATES
224 WEST 8TH AVE
VANCOUVER, B.C. V5Y 1N5
CANADA
phone:
IGWMC key= 1010
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person:
address: GOLDER ASSOCIATES
2950 NORTHUP WAY
BELLEVUE, WASHINGTON 98004
U.S.A.
phone: 206/827-0777
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: GGWP (GOLDER GROUNDWATER COMPUTER PACKAGE)
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR STEADY-STATE OR TRANSIENT
SIMULATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL, VERTICAL OR AXISYMMETRIC
AND QUASI- THREE-DIMENSIONAL FLOW AND TRANSPORT OF
REACTIVE SOLUTES IN ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS, MULTI-
LAYERED AQUIFER SYSTEMS.
completion date: 1978
last update date: 1983
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS-
aquifer conditions:
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
model processes:
-CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE
IN CONFINING LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
-DISCRETE FRACTURES -MANY OVERLYING AQUIFERS
-STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -FREE SURFACE -SEEPAGE
SURFACE -MOVABLE EXTERNAL BOUNDARY -TIDAL
FLUCTUATIONS -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-HOMOGENEOUS
-PRECIPITATION -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION -CONVECTION
-DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION -ABSORPTION
-ION EXCHANGE -DECAY -REACTIONS
C-70
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other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY -NONCONSERVATIVE CONVECTIVE
DISPERSIVE MASS TRANSPORT EQUATION
MODEL INPUT
area! values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY
-STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND
WATER RECHARGE RATES -PRESCRIBED CONCENTRATIONS
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE
LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
-ERROR CRITERIA
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-VELOCITIES -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
-FLOWNET
plotted graphics:
-HEADS -FLUXES -VELOCITIES -CONCENTRATIONS
-FINITE ELEMENT MESH -STREAMLINES -FLOWNET
GEOMETRY OF MODEL—
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -TRIANGULAR -ISOPARAMETRIC
QUADRILATERAL
-2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
-MOVABLE GRID -FOR PLANAR AND AXISYMMETRIC FLOW
REGIMES
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
C-71
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TECHNIQUES •
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
error criteria:
-FINITE ELEMENT
-CHOLESKY SQUARE ROOT -DOOLITTLE -WEIGHTED
RESIDUALS -IMPLICIT -OPTIONAL UPWIND WEIGHTING FOR
TRANSPORT SIMULATION
-MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE -MAXIMUM
QUALITY CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED - —
make and model: CDC 6600 AND CYBER 70 AND 170 SERIES
core storage: 36K WORDS (1000 NODES)
mass storage: 63K WORDS (1000 NODES)
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
no. of statements: 25,000
language: FORTRAN IV ANSI X3.9-1966
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED
-postprocessor: DEDICATED
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: UNKNOWN
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: UNKNOWN
REMARKS-
01
THE GOLDER GROUNDWATER PACKAGE IS A SUITE OF SIX PROGRAMS
FOR MODELING GROUNDWATER FLOW AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT. IT
INCLUDES: MLTMSH AND AFPOL, PREPROCESSORS, AFPM FOR QUASI-
3D FINITE ELEMENT SOLUTION OF LAYERED AQUIFER SYSTEMS,
FPM FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL OR AXISYMMETRIC FLOW SOLUTIONS,
SOLTR FOR SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN FLOW FIELDS COMPUTED BY
EITHER AFPM OR FPM, AND FLOCON, A PLOTTING PROGRAM.
C-72
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02 FOUR LEVELS OF DOCUMENTATION HAVE BEEN PREPARED FOR THE
GROUND WATER COMPUTER PACKAGE.
1. MANAGEMENT SUMMARY:
GOLDER GROUNDWATER COMPUTER PACKAGE, TECHNICAL SUMMARY, 19P
2. USER'S MANUALS:
USER'S MANUALS ARE AVAILABLE FOR INPUT DATA PREPARATION,
HYDRAULIC SOLUTION FOR SINGLE LAYER OR MULTI-LAYER PROBLEMS,
SOLUTE TRANSPORT SOLUTION, AND OUTPUT PRESENTATION AND PLOTTING.
3. SYSTEM MANUALS:
THESE CONTAIN THE EXPLICIT MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION AND
FUNDAMENTAL ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE VARIANTS OF THE
FINITE ELEMENT METHOD INCORPORATED IN THE PACKAGE.
4. PROGRAMMER'S MANUALS:
THESE MANUALS CONTAIN THE DETAILED LOGIC AND CODING
REFERENCES OF THE COMPONENT PROGRAMS IN THE PACKAGE.
THERE ARE PROGRAMMER'S MANUALS FOR THE DATA PREPARATION,
HYDRAULIC AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT AND OUTPUT PRESENTATION
PROGRAMS AS WELL AS FOR COMMON SYSTEM SUBROUTINES/FUNCTIONS
REFERENCES - -
01 MARLON-LAMBERT, J. 1978. COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR GROUND
WATER FLOW AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT ANALYSIS, REPT. NO.
N25090, GOLDER ASSOCIATES, VANCOUVER, CANADA.
02 MARLON-LAMBERT, J.R., P.J. MANOEL AND R.G. FRIDAY. 1981. THE
DEVELOPMENT OF A GENERAL GROUNOWATER COMPUTER MODELLING PACKAGE.
TRANS. I.E. AUSTRALIAN CIVIL ENG., CE 23, NO. 4, PP. 264-271.
03 MILLER, I. AND K. ROMAN. 1979. NUMERICAL MODELING OF
SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN GROUNDWATER. GOLDER ASSOCIATES,
VANCOUVER, CANADA, 23P.
(AVAILABLE FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA, #UCRL 15179)
C-73
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IGWMC key= 1070
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): SEGOL, G. AND E.O. FRIND
address: DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
WATERLOO, ONTARIO, CANADA
N2L 3G1
phone: 519/885-1211
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: FRIND, E.O.
address: DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
WATERLOO, ONTARIO, CANADA
N2L 3G1
phone: 519/885-1211
MODEL IDENTIFICATION - -
model name: 3-D SATURATED-UNSATURATED TRANSPORT MODEL
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR THE DETERMINATION OF A
CONCENTRATION OF CONSERVATIVE OR NONCONSERVATIVE
SOLUTE IN TRANSIENT, 3-DIMENSIONAL SATURATED-
UNSATURATED FLOW SYSTEMS
completion date: AUG 1976
last update date: AUG 1976
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS—
aquifer conditions: -WATER TABLE -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -NO FLOW -SEEPAGE
SURFACE
fluid conditions: -HETEROGENEOUS -VARIABLE DENSITY
model processes: -CONVECTION -DISPERSION -ABSORPTION -DECAY
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY; SOLUTE TRANSPORT
EQUATION.
C-74
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MODEL INPUT—
area! values:
boundary values:
others:
-POROSITY -DISPERSIVITY -DECAY RATE -INITIAL
QUALITY
-PUMPAGE RATES
-NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP
SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -INITIAL PRESSURES
-INITIAL POSITION OF SEEPAGE FACE -UNSATURATED
ZONE PROPERTIES -RETARDATION COEFFICIENT.
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL- —
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
-ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL -3-D ELEMENTS WITH
LINEAR QUADRATIC OR CUBIC SIDES
-3D
-3D
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
error criteria:
-FINITE ELEMENT
-GAUSS ELIMINATION -CHOLESKY SQUARE ROOT
-IMPLICIT
-MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE -FLUX AT
ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARIES
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM 360/75
PROGRAM INFORMATION-
language: FORTRAN IV
cost: UNKNOWN
C-75
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MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: NO -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: UNKNOWN
-support: UNKNOWN -model users: UNKNOWN
REFERENCES -
01 SEGOL, 6., 1976. A THREE-DIMENSIONAL GALERKIN FINITE ELEMENT
MODEL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT IN VARIABLY
SATURATED POROUS MEDIA, USER'S MANUAL. DEPT. OF EARTH
SCIENCES, UNIV. OF WATERLOO, WATERLOO, ONTARIO, CANADA.
C-76
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IGWMC key= 1230
MODEL TEAM - -
author name(s): RUSHTON, K.R. AND L.M. TOMLINSON
address: DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIV. OF BIRMINGHAM
P.O. BOX 363
BIRMINGHAM, B15 255
UNITED KINGDOM
phone: /
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: RUSHTON, K.R.
address: DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIV. OF BIRMINGHAM
P.O. BOX 363
BIRMINGHAM, B15 2TT
UNITED KINGDOM
phone: /
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: AQU-1
model purpose: A BASIC FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR TRANSIENT,
SINGLE LAYERED TWO-DIMENSIONAL HORIZONTAL GROUND
WATER FLOW.
completion date: 1979
last update date: 1979
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -DELAYED YIELD FROM
STORAGE -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -MOVABLE EXTERNAL BOUNDARY -INFILTRATION
-GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-77
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MODEL INPUT -
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-SPECIFIC YIELD
boundary values: -PRECIPITATION RATES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES
-PUMPAGE RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES
-NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA -RIVER
FLOW -SPRING FLOW
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -LINE SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
error criteria: -WATER BALANCE IN EACH NODE
COMPUTERS USED -
make and model: ICL 1906A, CDC 6600, CYBER 72
core storage: 40K FOR 2000 NODES
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 350
language: FORTRAN IV
C-78
-------
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE LISTED IN REFERENCE #1
available code form: -PRINTED LISTING -MAGNETIC TAPE
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: YES
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: YES
-support: YES -model users: MANY
REFERENCES -
01 RUSHTON, K.R. AND S.C. RESHAW. 1979. SEEPAGE AND
GROUNDWATER FLOW. WILEY, CHICHESTER, 332 P.
(CODE APPEARS IN APPENDIX TWO).
02 RUSHTON, K.R. 1974. AQUIFER ANALYSIS USING BACKWARD DIFFERENCE
METHODS. J. HYDROL., VOL. 22, PP. 253-262.
03 RUSHTON, K.R. 1975. AQUIFER ANALYSIS OF THE LINCOLN-
SHIRE LIMESTONE USING MATHEMATICAL MODELS. J. INST.
WATER ENG. (LONDON), VOL. 29, PP. 373-389.
04 FOX, I.A. AND K.R. RUSHTON. 1976. RAPID RECHARGE IN A
LIMESTONE AQUIFER. GROUNDWATER, VOL. 14, PP. 21-27.
C-79
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IGWMC key= 1791
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): STRACK, 0.0.L. AND H.M. HAITJEMA
address: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
122 CME BUILDING
500 PILLSBURY DR.
MINNEAPOLIS, MN. 55455
phone: 612/376-2948
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: STRACK, O.D.L.
address: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
122 CME BUILDING
500 PILLSBURY DR.
MINNEAPOLIS, MN. 55455
phone: 612/376-2948
MODEL IDENTIFICATION—
model name: SLAEM
model purpose: A FLEXIBLE ANALYTIC ELEMENTS MODEL FOR SIMULATING
STEADY-STATE GROUNDWATER FLOW IN REGIONAL DOUBLE
AQUIFER SYSTEMS WITH LOCAL INTERCONNECTIONS.
completion date: 1981
last update date: 1986
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS -TWO OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS
-CONSTANT PUMPAGE -LINE SINKS
surface flow
characteristics: -WATER BALANCE OF SURFACE WATER INCLUDED -LAKES
-RIVERS -PONDS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
Characteristics: -ANY CONSISTENT SYSTEM OF UNITS
C-80
-------
equations solved: -POISSON'S EQUATION
MODEL INPUT -
areal values: -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -PERMEABILITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND
WATER RECHARGE RATES
others: -INFINITE DOMAIN WITH CREEKS -LAKES -SPRINGS
-INTERIOR BOUNDARIES
MODEL OUTPUT -- —
tables: -HEADS -VELOCITIES
plotted graphics: -CONTOUR LINES -CROSS SECTIONAL
< areal maps > PLOTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -NONE -
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -ANALYTIC ELEMENT METHOD
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION -GAUSS-JORDAN ELIMINATION
error criteria: -MASS ERROR IN BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: PERKIN, ELMER 32/20, VAX 11/780 AND IBM PC
core storage: 170K (520K FOR IBM PC)
mass storage: 50KB
peripherals: TEKTRONIX 4010 (OR EMULATOR) AND PRINTER
other requirements: TUTER ACTIVE GRAPHICS FOR MINICOMPUTER
C-81
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
language: FORTRAN VI
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -DISKETTES
cost: > 2500 FOR TOTAL PACKAGE
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: DEDICATED -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: YES -field validation: YES
-support: YES -model users: FEW
REMARKS -
01 THE LATEST VERSION OF CODE IS CALLED SLAEM AND RUNS ON
IBM-PC. EARLIER VERSIONS WRE CALLED SYLENS AND SL.
REFERENCES -
01 HAITJEMA, H.M. AND O.D.L. STRACK. 1979. A STEADY-STATE COMPUTER
SIMULATION OF THE DEWATERING ACTIVITIES IN THE DIVIDE-CUT SECTION
OF THE TENNESSEE-TOMBIGBEE WATERWAY. REPT. TO U.S. ARMY CORPS OF
ENGINEERING, NASHVILLE DISTRICT, NASHVILLE, TN.
02 STRACK, O.D.L. AND H.M. HAITJEMA. 1981. MODELING DOUBLE AQUIFER
FLOW USING A COMPREHENSIVE POTENTIAL AND DISTRIBUTED SINGULAR-
ITIES I. SOLUTION FOR HOMOGENEOUS PERMEABILITY. WATER RESOURCES
RESEARCH, VOL. 17(5), PP. 1535-1549.
03 STRACK, O.D.L. AND H.M. HAITJEMA. 1981. MODELING DOUBLE AQUIFER
FLOW USING A COMPREHENSIVE POTENTIAL AND DISTRIBUTED SINGULAR-
ITIES II. SOLUTION FOR INHOMOGENEOUS PERMEABILITES. WATER
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 17(5), PP. 1551-1549.
04 HAITJEMA, H.M. 1985. MODELING THREE-DIMENSIONAL FLOW IN CONFINED
AQUIFERS BY SUPERPOSITION OF BOTH TWO- AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL
ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 21(10): 1557-1566.
05 STRACK, O.D.L. 1984. THREE-DIMENSIONAL STREAMLINES IN DUPUIT-
FORCHHEIMER MODELS. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 20(7): PP. 812-822.
C-82
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MODEL TEAM -- -
author name(s): AKKER, C. VAN DEN
address: NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR WATER SUPPLY
P.O. BOX 150
2260 AD LEIDSCHENDAM
THE NETHERLANDS
IGWMC key= 1821/1822/1823
CONTACT ADDRESS-
contact person: AKKER, C. VAN DEN
address: NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR WATER SUPPLY
P.O. BOX 150
2260 AD LEIDSCHENDAM
THE NETHERLANDS
phone: 070/694251
MODEL IDENTIFICATION - - -
model name: FLOP/FLOP-2/FRONT
model purpose: ANALYTIC MODELS TO GENERATE PATHLINES AND PROVIDE
FOR FRONT TRACKING FOR STEADY-STATE OR TRANSIENT
FLOW IN A CONFINED OR SEMI-CONFINED, ISOTROPIC,
HOMOGENEOUS AQUIFER AND TO CALCULATE
RESIDENCE TIMES FOR A NUMBER OF WATER PARTICLES.
completion date: 1975
last update date: 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS — - -
aquifer conditions: - CONFINED -LEAKY -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-INFINITE AQUIFER
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-83
-------
MODEL INPUT-
area! values: -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE OF CONFINING BEDS
boundary values: -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
-ERROR CRITERIA -NATURAL GROUNDWATER FLOW RATE
AND DIRECTION -RESISTANCE OF SEMIPERVIOUS LAYER
-REQUIRED NUMBER OF PATHLINES TO ALL SOURCES AND
SINKS
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -DRAWDOWNS -TRAVELTIMES
plotted graphics:
-PATHLINES -CONTOURS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -NONE
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
TECHNIQUES —
basic modeling
technique: -ANALYTICAL METHOD (SEMI-ANALYTICAL)
equation solving
technique: -RUNGE-KUTTA
error criteria: -USER SPECIFIED
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM 370/158 & CDC 6600, HP 9830
core storage: 256K (IBM), 8K (HP)
PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: FORTRAN IV, BASIC (FLOP AND FLOP-2)
cost: UNKNOWN
C-84
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
PROBLEMS SOLVED WITH THIS MODEL:
(A) CALCULATION OF PROTECTION ZONES AROUND PUMPING SITES
(B) CALCULATION OF RESIDENT TIMES FOR INFILTRATED WATER
(C) TRACKING DISPLACEMENT OF SALT-FRESH WATER INTERFACE
02 FLOP (CONFINED AQUIFER) AND FLOP-2 (LEAKY-CONFINED AQUIFER)
ARE PROGRAMS FOR STEADY-STATE FLOW WHILE FRONT ALLOWS FOR
TRANSIENT FLOW CONDITIONS
REFERENCES —
01 VAN DEN AKKER, C. , J.M. PETERS, AND J.B.S. GAN. 1981. USER'S
MANUAL FOR THE COMPUTER PROGRAM FLOP. WORKING GROUP HYDROLOGY OF
INJECTION WELL SYSTEMS, KIWA, RIJSWIJK(ZH), THE NETHERLANDS.
(IN DUTCH.)
02 VERMEER, P.A., AND C. VAN DEN AKKER. 1976. PERFORMANCE OF A
RECHARGE AND RECOVERY SYSTEM IN AN AQUIFER WITH UNIFORM FLOW.
HYDROL. SC. BULL. VOL. 21(3).
03 VAN DEN AKKER, C. 1976. A NUMERICAL CALCULATION METHOD FOR
STREAMLINES OR FLOW PATHS WITH SUBSEQUENT RESIDENCE TIMES.
H20, VOL. 9(21). (IN DUTCH.)
04 VAN DEN AKKER, C., AND G.J.M. CREMERS. 1978. THE CONSEQUENCES
OF SEWAGE WATER INFILTRATION IN "HET GOOI" ON THE QUALITY OF
THE GROUNDWATER TO BE WITHDRAWN FOR DRINKING WATER PRODUCTION.
H20, VOL. 11(3). (IN DUTCH.)
05 VAN DEN AKKER, C., AND J.M. PETERS. 1981. STREAMLINES AND
TRAVELTIMES OF GROUNDWATER IN A TWO-LAYERED AQUIFER SYSTEM.
PROCEED. INTERN. SYMP. ON QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER, NOORDWIJKERHOUT,
THE NETHERLANDS, MARCH 1981.
C-85
-------
MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): VEER, P. VAN DER
address: RIJKSWATERSTAAT
DATA PROCESSING DIVISION
P.O. BOX 5809
2280 HV RIJSWIJK (Z.H.)
THE NETHERLANDS
phone: 070/906628
IGWMC key= 1830
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: AWATER, R.H.C.M.
address: RIJKSWATERSTAAT,
DATA PROCESSING DIVISION
P.O. BOX 5809
2280 HV RIJSWIJK (Z.H.)
THE NETHERLANDS
phone: 070/906628
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: MOTGRO
model purpose: PREDICTION OF GROUNDWATER HEAD AND STREAM FUNCTION
FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL, VERTICAL, STEADY AND UNSTEADY,
SINGLE OR MULTIPLE FLUID FLOW IN HETEROGENEOUS,
ANISOTROPIC, CONFINED OR UNCONFINED AQUIFERS OF
ARBITRARY SHAPES.
completion date: JAN 1976
last update date: DEC 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -LEAKY CONFINED -WATER TABLE -ANISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
other model
characteristics:
-STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO FLOW
-FREE SURFACE -SEEPAGE SURFACE -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -WELL CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-HETEROGENEOUS
-VARIABLE DENSITY
-METRIC UNITS
C-86
-------
MODEL INPUT -
area! values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY
-HYDRAULIC 'RESISTANCE OF CONFINING BED
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC
YIELD
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-PUMPAGE RATES
others: -NUMBER OF INHOMOGENEITIES -NUMBER OF FLUIDS
-FLUID DENSITY
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -TRAVELTIMES -STREAMLINES
plotted graphics:
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION ----
no. of statements: 3000
language: FORTRAN 77
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY; EARLY VERSION OF CODE PUBLISHED IN
REFERENCE II.
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: TO BE NEGOTIATED
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: FEW
REFERENCES - -
01 VAN DER VEER, P. 1978. CALCULATION METHODS FOR TWO-
DIMENSIONAL GROUND WATER FLOW. RIJKSWATERSTAAT
COMMUNICATIONS, NO. 28, THE HAGUE, THE NETHERLANDS, 172 PP.
02 VAN DER VEER, P. 1979. MOTGRO MODEL FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL
GROUNDWATER FLOW: USER'S MANUAL. RIJKSWATERSTAAT,
THE HAGUE, THE NETHERLANDS
03 AUATER, R., 1979. SOME RESULTS OBTAINED WITH A BOUNDARY ELEMENT
METHOD. IN: REPORT 26, CHO-TNO, THE HAGUE, THE NETHERLANDS.
-------
MODEL TEAM —
author name(s): GUPTA, S.K. (1) AND C.R. COLE (2)
address: (1) BATELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
OFF. NUCL. WASTE ISOLATION
505 KING AVENUE
COLUMBUS, OH 43201
(2) BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES
WATER AND LAND RESOURCES DIVISION
P.O. BOX 999
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-8451/8449
IGWMC key= 2070
CONTACT ADDRESS - -
contact person: COLE, C.R.
address: BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES
WATER AND LAND RESOURCES DIVISION
P.O. BOX 999
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-8451/8449
MODEL IDENTIFICATION —
model name: CFEST
model purpose: A THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR
SIMULATION OF COUPLED TRANSIENT FLOW, SOLUTE AND
HEAT TRANSPORT IN SATURATED POROUS MEDIA.
completion date: 1981
last update date: 1986
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE
IN CONFINING LAYER -DELAYED YIELD FROM STORAGE
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER
RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-PRESCRIBED CONCENTRATIONS -SOLUTE FLUX -HEAT FLUX
-PRESCRIBED TEMPERATURES
fluid conditions: -HETEROGENEOUS -TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT -COMPRESSIBLE
C-89
-------
model processes: -CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-ADSORPTION -DECAY
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved-: -COUPLED SOLUTION OF FLOW, ENERGY AND SOLUTE
TRANSPORT EQUATIONS
MODEL INPUT - - -
areal values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF
SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY -SPECIFIC HEAT -TEMPERATURE
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP
SEQUENCE -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS -FLUID
DENSITY
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -TEMPERATURE -CONCENTRATIONS
OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL—
Shape Of cell: -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL -20 VERTICAL -3D
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES— —
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION -SPARSE EQUATION SOLVER
C-90
-------
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: POP 11/45, VAX 11/780
core storage: 32K 16-BYTE-WORDS
other requirements: 'FILE Q' SYSTEM FOR I/O
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED
-postprocessor: DEDICATED
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
02
IMPROVEMENTS ARE UNDERWAY TO INCLUDE CAPABILITIES FOR
DOUBLE POROSITY, DISCRETE FRACTURES FLOW AND MODELING
UNCERTAINTIES IN HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS.
CFEST IS AN EXTENSION OF THE FINITE ELEMENT THREE-DIMENSIONAL
GROUNDWATER CODE FE3DGW BY GUPTA ET AL. (IGWMC KEY 2072).
REFERENCES
01 GUPTA, S.K., C.R. COLE, C.T. KINCAID AND F.E. KASZETA. 1982.
DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATIONS OF THE FE3DGW AND CFEST
THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODELS, BATTELLE
PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA, P. 9
02 GUPTA, S.K., C.T. KINCAID, P. MEYER, C. NEWBILL, AND C.R. COLE.
1982 CFEST-MULTI-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR THE ANALYSIS
OF COUPLED FLUID, ENERGY AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT. PNL-4260,
BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA.
C-91
-------
IGWMC key= 2072
MODEL TEAM - -
author name(s): GUPTA, S.K.(l), C.R. COLE AND F.W. BOND (2)
address: (1) BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
505 KING AVENUE, COLUMBUS, OH 43201
(2) BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 614/424-5074
CONTACT ADDRESS —'—
contact person: COLE, C.R.
address: BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES
WATER AND LAND RESOURCES DIVISION
P.O. BOX 999
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-8451/8449
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: FE3DGW
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR TRANSIENT OR STEADY STATE,
THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION OF FLOW IN A LARGE
MULTI-LAYERED GROUNDWATER BASIN.
completion date: 1975
last update date: 1985
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE
IN CONFINING LAYER -DELAYED YIELD FROM STORAGE
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -AQUIFER COMPACTION
-MANY OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO FLOW -FREE SURFACE
-INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -WELL
CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE
PUMPAGE -DRAINAGE OR DEWATERING
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS -COMPRESSIBLE
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
C-92
-------
MODEL INPUT -
area! values: -ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD
boundary values: -PRECIPITATION RATES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES
-PUMPAGE RATES
others: -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS -FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -MIXED, CURVED ISOPARAMETRIC
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -3D
grid orientation
and sizing: -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION -SPARSE MATRIX SOLVER
error criteria: -MASS BALANCE
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: POP 11/45, VAX 11/780
core storage: 32K 16-BYTE-WORDS
C-93
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION—
language: FORTRAN IV PLUS
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE AND USER'S MANUAL LISTED
IN REFERENCE #11
available code form: -PRINTED LISTING -MAGNETIC TAPE
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED
-postprocessor: DEDICATED
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
02
SUPPORTING SOFTWARE HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AT PACIFIC NORTHWEST
LABORATORY, RICHLAND, WASHINGTON FOR INTERACTIVE GRAPHIC
COMPUTATION AND RESULT DISPLAY.
THE MODEL HAS BEEN EVALUATED IN: THOMAS, S.D., B. ROSS, J.W.
MERCER. 1982. A SUMMARY OF REPOSITORY SITING MODELS. NUREG/
CR-2782, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON, D.C.
REFERENCES-— -
01 GUPTA, S.K., C'.R. COLE AND F.W. BOND. 1979. FINITE-ELEMENT
THREE-DIMENSIONAL GROUND-WATER (FE3DGW) FLOW MODEL - FORMULATION,
PROGRAM LISTING AND USER'S MANUAL. PNL-2939, BATTELLE PACIFIC
NW LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA.
02 GUPTA, S.K., C.R. COLE, C.T. KINCAID AND F.E. KASZETA. 1982
DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATIONS OF THE FE3DGW AND CFEST THREE-
DIMENSIONAL FINITE-ELEMENT MODELS. BATTELLE PACIFIC NW
LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA. P. 9.
03 GUPTA, S.K. AND G.F. PINDER. 1978. THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE-
ELEMENT MODEL FOR MULTILAYERED GROUND-WATER RESERVIOR OF LONG
ISLAND, NEW YORK. WATER RESOURCES PROGRAM, DEPT. OF CIVIL
ENG., PRINCETON UNIV., PRINCETON, NJ.
04 COLE, C.R. AND S.K. GUPTA. 1978. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE
THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE-ELEMENT GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL
ADOPTED FOR THE WASTE ISOLATION SAFETY ASSESSMENT PROGRAM,
PNL-2652, BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES, RICHALND, WA.
C-94
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05 GUPTA, S.K., K.K. TANJI AND J.N. LUTHIN. 1975. A THREE-
DIMENSIONAL FINITE-ELEMENT GROUND-WATER MODEL. CONTRI-
BUTION NO. 152, CALIFORNIA WATER RESOURCES CENTER,
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CA.
06 GUPTA, S.K. AND K.K. TANJI. 1978. A THREE-DIMENSIONAL
GALERKIN FINITE-ELEMENT SOLUTION OF FLOW THROUGH
MULTIAQUIFERS IN SUTTER BASIN, CALIFORNIA. WATER
RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 12(2).
07 GUPTA, S.K. AND K.K. TANJI. 1977. COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR
SOLUTION OF LARGE, SPARSE, UNSYMMETRIC SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS. INTERNL. J. FOR NUM. METH. IN ENG., VOL. 11,
PP. 1251-1259.
08 GUPTA, S.K., M.W. MORRISSEY, J. LONCZAK AND K.K TANJI.
1976. COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL PLOTTING
FROM IRREGULAR FINITE-ELEMENT GRID. WATER SCIENCE AND
ENG. PAPERS 4010, DEPT. OF WATER SCIENCE AND ENG.,
UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CA.
09 GUPTA, S.K., M.W. MORRISSEY, J. LONCZAK AND K.K TANJI.
1976. CONVERSION OF IRREGULAR FINITE-ELEMENT GRID DATA
TO REGULAR GRID FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTER PLOTTING.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 12(4), PP. 809-811.
10 GUPTA, S.K., C.R. COLE AND G.F. PINDER. 1984.
A FINITE-ELEMENT THREE-DIMENSIONAL GROUNDWATER (FE3DGW)
MODEL FOR A MULTIAQUIFER SYSTEM. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH,
VOL. 20(5), PP. 553-563.
11 GUPTA, S.K., C.R. COLE, F.W. BOND, AND A.M. MONTI. 1984.
FINITE-ELEMENT THREE-DIMENSIONAL GROUND-WATER (FE3DGW)
FLOW MODEL: FORMULATION, COMPUTER SOURCE LISTINGS, AND
USER'S MANUAL. ONWI-548, OFF. NUCL. WASTE ISOLATION, BATTELLE
MEM. INST., COLUMBUS, OHIO.
C-95
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IGWMC key= 2092
MODEL TEAM— — — —
author name(s): REISENAUER, A.E. AND C.R. COLE
address: WATER AND LAND RESOURCES DIVISION
BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES
P.O. BOX 999
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-8338/8451
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: COLE, C.R.
address: WATER AND LAND RESOURCES DIVISION
BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES
P.O. BOX 999
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-8338/8451
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: VTT (VARIABLE THICKNESS TRANSIENT GROUND WATER
FLOW MODEL)
model purpose: A TRANSIENT FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO CALCULATE
HYDRAULIC HEAD IN CONFINED-UNCONFINED MULTI-LAYERED
AQUIFER SYSTEMS, AND TO GENERATE STREAMLINES AND
TRAVELTIMES.
completion date: 1976
last update date: 1979
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY
-ISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -NO FLOW
-FREE SURFACE -TIDAL FLUCTUATIONS -INFILTRATION
-GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS
C-96
-------
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY; DUPUIT-FORCHHEIMER
ASSUMPTIONS.
MODEL INPUT -
area! values: -ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -TRANS-
MISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD
boundary values: -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME
STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS -FLUXES -TRAVELTIMES
plotted graphics:
-HEADS -STREAMLINES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 100,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -LINE SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
error criteria: -MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: POP 11/45, 11/70
core storage: 64K
mass storage: 50K 256-WORD BLOCK
peripherals: DISK STORAGE
C-97
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 2000
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE LISTED IN REFERENCE #5
available code form: -PRINTED LISTING -MAGNETIC TAPE
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: YES -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: YES -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YE$
-hardware dependency: YES -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: UNKNOWN
REMARKS
01 AN AUXILIARY PROGRAM TO THE VTT MODEL IS AVAILABLE WHICH
CALCULATES ARRIVAL TIMES FOR GROUNDWATER BASED ON THE
STREAMTUBES CALCULATED BY THE VTT MODEL.
02 VTT INCLUDES PROGRAM MXPLT TO CALCULATE PATHLINES AND TRAVELTIMES
03 THE MODEL HAS BEEN EVALUATED IN: THOMAS, S.D., B. ROSS, J.W.
MERCER. 1982. A SUMMARY OF REPOSITORY SITING MODELS.
NUREG/CR-2782, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMM., WASHINGTON, O.C.
REFERENCES
01 KIPP, K.L., A.E. REISENAUER, C.R. COLE AND C.A. BRYAN. 1972.
(REVISED 1976). VARIABLE THICKNESS TRANSIENT GROUNDWATER
FLOW MODEL- THEORY AND NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION. BNWL-1703,
BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA.
02 DEMIER.W.V., A.E. REISENAUER AND K.L. KIPP. 1974. VARIABLE THICK-
NESS TRANSIENT GROUNDWATER FLOW MODEL -USER'S MANUAL. BNWL-1704,
BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA.
03 REISENAUER, A.E. 1979. VARIABLE THICKNESS TRANSIENT GROUND-WATER
FLOW MODEL, VOL. 1 - FORMULATION. PNL-3160-1, BATTELLE PACIFIC
NW LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA.
04 REISENAUER, A.E. 1979. VARIABLE THICKNESS TRANSIENT GROUND-WATER
FLOW MODEL, VOL. 2 - USER'S MANUAL. PNL-3160-2, BATTELLE PACIFIC
NW LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA.
C-98
-------
IGWMC key= 2120
MODEL TEAM -- -
author name(s): NELSON, R.W.
address: BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES
P.O. BOX 999
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-8332
CONTACT ADDRESS — —
contact person: NELSON, R.W.
address: BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES
SIGMA 5 BUILDING
P.O. BOX 999
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-8332
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: PATHS
model purpose: AN ANALYTIC FLOW AND TRANSPORT MODEL TO EVALUATE
PARTICLE TRANSPORT IN TRANSIENT, TWO-DIMENSIONAL,
HORIZONTAL, GROUNOWATER FLOWSYSTEMS USING AN
ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR THE FLOW EQUATION AND A
NUMERICAL SOLUTION FOR THE PATHLINE EQUATIONS
completion date: JUN 1978
last update date: JUN 1983
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -HEAD DEPENDENT FLUX -WELLS -CONSTANT
PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CONVECTION -ADSORPTION
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
C-100
-------
equations solved: -CONSERVATION OF MASS, DARCY'S LAW, AND KINEMATIC
PATHLINES OR THE CONVECTIVE DERIVATIVE THEREOF
(EXPRESSED AS CHARACTERISTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
CONSIDERING EQUILIBRIUM SORPTION OF ONE CONTAMINANT
SPECIES)
MODEL INPUT —
area! values: -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -FLUXES -VELOCITIES -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER
CONSTITUENTS -PUMPAGE RATES -ADVANCE OF
CONTAMINANT FRONTS AND PATHLINES
plotted graphics:
-------
peripherals: MASS STORAGE, 1 PLOT TAPE
other requirements: REQUIRES (HARD COPY) TERMINAL
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 3215
language: INTERACTIVE FORTRAN AND FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE ON MICROFICHE OR CAN BE
PROVIDED ON TAPE. DOCUMENTATION LISTED IN REFERENCE #1.
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: YES
-postprocessor: YES
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
MODEL EVALUATED IN: THOMAS, S.D., B. ROSS, J.W. MERCER. 1982.
A SUMMARY OF REPOSITORY SITING MODELS. NUREG/CR-2782, U.S.
NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON, D.C.
REFERENCES
01 NELSON, R.W. AND J.A. SCHUR. 1980. PATHS GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGIC
MODEL. PNL-3162, BATTELLE PACIFIC NW LABORATORIES, RICHLAND, WA.
02 NELSON, R.W. 1976. EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES
OF GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION, MANAGEMENT SUMMARY AND TECHNICAL
PAPERS. BCSR-6/4C-11, BCS RICHLAND, INC., RICHLAND, WA.
03 NELSON, R.W. 1978. EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF
GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION, 1.- AN OVERVIEW OF CONTAMINANT ARRIVAL
DISTRIBUTIONS AS GENERAL EVALUATION REQUIREMENTS. WATER RESOURCES
RESEARCH, VOL. 14(3), PP. 409-415.
C-102
-------
04 NELSON, R.W. 1978. EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF
GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION, 2.- OBTAINING LOCATION/ARRIVAL TIME
AND LOCATION/OUTFLOW QUANTITY DISTRIBVUTIONS FOR STEADY FLOW
SYSTEMS. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 14(3), PP. 416-428.
05 NELSON, R.W. 1978. EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF
GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION, 3.- OBTAINING CONTAMINANT ARRIVAL
DISTRIBUTIONS FOR STEADY FLOW IN HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS. WATER
RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 14(3), PP. 429-440.
06 NELSON, R.W. 1978. EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF
GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION, 4.- OBTAINING AND UTILIZING CONTAMINANT
ARRIVAL DISTRIBUTIONS IN TRANSIENT FLOW SYSTEMS. WATER RESOURCES
RESEARCH, VOL. 14(3), PP. 441-450.
07 NELSON, R.W. AND J.A. SCHUR. 1978. A PRELIMINARY EVALUATION
CAPABILITY FOR SOME TWO-DIMENSIONAL GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION
PROBLEMS. BCSR-38/4C-11, BCS RICHLAND, IN., RICHLAND, WA.
08 ALLENSWORTH, J.A., J.T. FINGER, J.A. MILLOY, W.B. MURFIN,
R. RODEMAN AND S.G. VANDEVENDER. 1977. UNDERGROUND SITING OF
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS - POTENTIAL BENEFITS AND PENALTIES.
SAND76-0412, SANDIA LABORATORIES, ALBUQUERQUE, NM
C-103
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IGWMC key= 2560
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): SCHMIDT, R.D.
address: U.S. DEPT. OF THE INTERIOR
BUREAU OF MINES
P.O. BOX 1660
TWIN CITIES, MN 55111
phone: 612/725-3461
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: SCHMIDT, R.D.
address: U.S. DEPT. OF THE INTERIOR
BUREAU OF MINES
P.O. BOX 1660
TWIN CITIES, MN 55111
phone: 612/ 725-3461
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: ISL-50
model purpose: A THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYTIC MODEL TO DESCRIBE
TRANSIENT FLOW BEHAVIOUR OF LEACHANTS AND GROUNDWATER
IN AN ANISOTROPIC, HOMOGENEOUS AQUIFER INVOLVING AN
ARBITRARY PATTERN OF INJECTION AND RECOVERY WELLS.
completion date: 1979
last update date: 1979
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS - - -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -LEAKY -STORAGE IN CONFINING LAYER
-ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -HEAD DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -WELLS -SPECIFIED WELL
CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes:
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS
equations solved: -RADIAL FLOW EQUATIONS; DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-104
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MODEL INPUT
area! values: -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY
-SPECIFIC WEIGHT
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -INITIAL TIME STEP -ERROR CRITERIA -SCREEEN
PENETRATION -COMPRESSIBILITY OF FLUID
MODEL OUTPUT - - -
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES -FRONT
BREAKTHROUGH TIME
plotted graphics:
-HEADS -VELOCITIES -STREAMLINES -ISOCHRONES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL --
shape of cell: -NONE
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL -3D -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY
TECHNIQUES - - -
basic modeling
technique: -ANALYTICAL METHOD
error criteria: -SUM HEAD CHANGE OVER MODEL BETWEEN ITERATIONS
COMPUTERS USED—
make and model: CDC 6600 OR BURROUGHS B6700
core storage: 150K (OCTAL)
other requirements: FOR ADDITIONAL CONTOURING AND STREAMLINE PLOTTING
CALCOMP PLOTTER
PROGRAM INFORMATION — -
language: FORTRAN IV
terms' of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; CDC VERSION IN REFERENCE II. CONTACT
AUTHOR FOR BURROUGHS VERSION.
C-105
-------
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: DEDICATED -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: YES -field validation: UNKNOWN
-support: YES -model users: UNKNOWN
REMARKS
01 AN EARLIER AND SIMPLER VERSION OF THIS MODEL IS 5-SISL,
PUBLISHED AND DOCUMENTED IN REFERENCE #2.
REFERENCES - -
01 SCHMIDT, R.D. 1980. COMPUTER MODELING OF FLUID FLOW DURING
PRODUCTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION PHASES OF IN SITU
URANIUM LEACHING. RI-8479, BUREAU OF MINES, U.S. DEPT. OF THE
INTERIOR, TWIN CITIES, MN.
02 KURTH, D.I. AND R.D. SCHMIDT. 1978. COMPUTER MODELING OF
FIVE-SPOT WELL PATTERN FLUID FLOW DURING INSITU URANIUM LEACHING.
RI-8287, BUREAU OF MINES, U.S. DEPT. OF INTERIOR, TWIN CITIES, MN.
C-106
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IGWMC key= 2630
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): TOWNLEY, L.R., J.L. WILSON AND A.S. COSTA
address: RALPH M. PARSONS LABORATORY FOR WATER
RESOURCES AND HYDRODYNAMICS
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS 02139
phone: 713/496-0993
CONTACT ADDRESS-
contact person: PUBLICATION SECRETARY
address: RALPH M. PARSONS LABORATORY FOR WATER
RESOURCES AND HYDRODYNAMICS, ROOM 48-211,
MASSACHUSETTS INST. OF TECHNOLOGY,
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS 02139
phone: 713/496-0993
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: AQUIFEM-1
model purpose: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL, FINITE-ELEMENT MODEL FOR TRANSIENT,
HORIZONTAL GROUNDWATER FLOW.
completion date: NOV 1979
last update date: NOV 1979
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ANISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS -MULTIPLE AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -NO FLOW
-GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL
GROUND- WATER FLOW IN A NON-HOMOGENEOUS,
ANISOTROPIC AQUIFER WITH LEAKAGE.
C-107
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MODEL INPUT - —
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER
-ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
-NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA
MODEL OUTPUT - —
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-VELOCITIES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL—
shape of cell: -TRIANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -STRONGLY IMPLICIT PROCEDURE -GROUT'S METHOD
error criteria: -SUM HEAD CHANGE OVER MODEL BETWEEN ITERATIONS
-MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: VAX 11/780, IBM PC
core storage: VARIABLE
peripherals: CALCOMP PLOTTER
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 2350
language: FORTRAN IV
C-108
-------
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual:
available code form:
cost:
PUBLIC DOMAIN; CODE IS LISTED IN REFERENCE #2
-MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
$500 - 1,000
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
MICROCOMPUTER VERSION AVAILABLE FROM ALFREDO URZUA,
63 FRANKLIN ROAD, WINCHESTER, MA. 01830
REFERENCES
01 WILSON, J.L., L.R. TOWNLEY AND A.S. DA COSTA. 1979.
MATHEMATICAL DEVELOPMENT AND VERIFICATION OF A FINITE-
ELEMENT AQUIFER FLOW MODEL AQUIFEM-1. TECHN. REPT. 248,
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CAMBRIDGE,
MASSACHUSETTS.
02 TOWNLEY, L.R. AND J.L. WILSON. 1980. DESCRIPTION OF A
USER'S MANUAL FOR A FINITE-ELEMENT AQUIFER FLOW MODEL
AQUIFEM-1. TECHN. REPT. 252, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTES.
C-109
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MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): PRICKETT, T.A., T.G. NAYMIK AND
C.G. LONNQUIST
address: ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY
BOX 232
URBANA, ILLINOIS 61801
phone: 217/333-4952
IGWMC key= 2690
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: PRICKETT, T.A.
address: T.A. PRICKETT AND ASSOC.
CONSULTING WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERS
6 G.H. BAKER DRIVE
URBANA, ILLINOIS 61801
phone: 217/384-0615
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: RANDOM WALK
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE ONE- OR
TWO-DIMENSIONAL STEADY OR UNSTEADY FLOW AND TRANSPORT
PROBLEMS IN HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS UNDER WATER TABLE
AND/OR ARTESIAN OR LEAKY ARTESIAN CONDITIONS. A RANDOM
WALK APPROACH IS USED TO SIMULATE DISPERSION.
completion date: JUL 1981
last update date: OUL 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -AQUITARD -LEAKY -ANISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN
TIME -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN SPACE
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX
-NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -WELL
CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE
PUMPAGE -SOURCES - PRESCRIBED CONCENTRATION
fluid conditions:
model processes:
-HOMOGENEOUS
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION -CONVECTION -DISPERSION -RANDOM
MOVEMENT -ADSORPTION -DECAY
C-110
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other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS
equations solved: -UNSTEADY 2-D FLOW, DISPERSION BY STATISTICAL
METHODS
MODEL INPUT
areal values: -ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -ELEVATION OF
SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -DISPERSIVITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -PRESCRIBED CONCENTRATIONS
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME
INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA
MODEL OUTPUT- - -
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -DISPERSIVITY -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND
WATER RECHARGE RATES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL —
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES—
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE -RANDOM WALK
equation solving
technique: -ITERATIVE ALTERNATING DIRECTION -PARTICLE IN A CELL
error criteria: -SUM HEAD CHANGE OVER MODEL BETWEEN ITERATIONS
COMPUTERS USED- -
make and model: CDC CYBER 175, VAX 11/780, IBM/PC/XT/AT
core storage: 256K
C-lll
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE LISTED IN REFERENCE #1
SEE ALSO REMARK #2 FOR ADDRESS
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING -DISKETTES
cost: $95 from IGWMC
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: YES
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's- instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: LIMITED
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
02
03
MAINFRAME AND VARIOUS MICROCOMPUTER VERSIONS ARE AVAILABLE
FROM IGWMC.
CODE IS ALSO AVAILABLE FROM:
BOB SINCLAIR, DIR. OF COMPUTER SERVICE
ILLINIOS STATE WATER SURVEY
BOX 5050 STATION A
CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820
TELEPHONE: (217) 333-4952
A MODIFIED VERSION OF PLASM AND RANDOM WALK TO ANALYZE
HYDROLOGIC IMPACTS OF MINING IS DOCUMENTED IN REF. NO. 5.
PROGRAM CODES ARE AVAILABLE THROUGH BOEING COMPUTER NETWORK
REFERENCES
01 PRICKETT, T.A., T.G. NAYMIK AND C.G. LONNQUIST. 1981. A
RANDOM-WALK SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODEL FOR SELECTED GROUNDWATER
QUALITY EVALUATIONS. BULLETIN 65, ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY,
CHAMPAIGN, ILL.
02 PRICKETT, T.A. AND C.G. LONNQUIST. 1971. SELECTED
DIGITAL COMPUTER TECHNIQUES FOR GROUNDWATER RESOURCE
EVALUATION. BULLETIN 55, ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY,
CHAMPAIGN, ILL.
03 NAYMIK, T.G. AND M.J. BARCELONA. 1981. CHARACTERIZATION
OF A CONTAMINANT PLUME IN GROUNDWATER, MEREDESIA,
ILLINOIS. GROUNDWATER, VOL. 19(5): PP. 517-526.
C-112
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04 NAYMIK, T.G. AND M.E. SIEVERS. 1983. GROUNDWATER TRACER
EXPERIMENT (II) AT SAND RIDGE STATE FOREST, ILLINOIS.
STATE WATER SURVEY DIVISION. REPORT 334, ILLINOIS DEPT. OF ENERGY
AND NATURAL RESOURCES, CHAMPAIGN, ILLINOIS, PP. 1-105.
05 OFFICE OF SURFACE MINING. 1981. GROUND WATER MODEL HANDBOOK.
H-D3004-021-81-1062D, U.S. DEPT. OF THE INTERIOR, DENVER, CO.
C-113
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IGWMC key= 2740
MODEL TEAM —
author name(s): POSSON, D.R., G.A. HEARNE, J.V. TRACY AND
P.P. FRENZEL
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
P.O. BOX 26659
ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO
87125
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: POSSON, D.R.
address: U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
P.O. BOX 26659
ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO
87125
MODEL IDENTIFICATION—
model name: NMFD3D
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF UNSTEADY
TWO-DIMENSIONAL HORIZONTAL OR THREE-DIMENSIONAL
SATURATED GROUND WATER FLOW IN MULTI-LAYERED
HETEROGENEOUS ANISOTROPIC AQUIFER SYSTEMS.
completion date: MAR 1980
last update date: MAR 1980
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -STORAGE IN
CONFINING LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY
OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
C-114
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MODEL INPUT
area! values:
-ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY
-STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND LAKE BED
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME STEP
SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -ERROR CRITERIA
-ANISOTROPY FACTORS -FLOW INTO RIVER BRANCHES FROM
OUTSIDE MODEL -ITERATION PARAMETERS -NUMBER OF
LAYERS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -WATER BALANCE
plotted graphics:
-HEADS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL-—
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
-2D HORIZONTAL -3D
PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW - THREE-DIMENSIONAL
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
error criteria:
-FINITE DIFFERENCE
-STRONGLY IMPLICIT PROCEDURE
-MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED -
make and model: CDC CYBER 7600 & 176, CRAY-1
C-115
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 10,000
language: FORTRAN IV, FLECS
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: UNKNOWN
REMARKS-
01
02
03
THIS PROGRAM CODE IS HEAVELY MACHINE-DEPENDENT.
THIS PROGRAM IS AN EXTENSIVELY MODIFIED VERSION OF THE TWO-
DIMENSIONAL FLOW MODEL OF TRESCOTT ET AL. (1976), AND THE
THREE-DIMENSIONAL FLOW MODEL OF TRESCOTT AND LARSON (1975).
AN EXPANDED AND UPDATED VERSION OF THIS MODEL HAS BEEN
PUBLISHED IN REF.I 2. CHANGES AS OF JANUARY 1981 INCLUDE
(1) TREATMENT OF HEAD-DEPENDANT BOUNDARIES AND SPECIFIED
FLOW BOUNDARIES, AND (2) CODE WHICH EXECUTES ON THE
CRAY-1 VECTOR COMPUTER. REFERENCE #2 PROVIDES INSTRUCTIONS
FOR COMPILING AND EXECUTING THE COMPUTER PROGRAM ON A CRAY-1,
REFERENCES
01 POSSON, D.R., G.A. HEARNE, J.V. TRACY, AND P.F. FRENZEL.
1980. A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR SIMULATING GEOHYDROLOGIC
SYSTEMS IN THREE DIMENSIONS. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, OPEN
FILE REPT., 80-421.
02 HEARNE, G.A. 1982. SUPPLEMENT TO THE NEW MEXICO THREE-
DIMENSIONAL MODEL (SUPPLEMENT TO OPEN FILE REP. 80-421).
OPEN-FILE REP. 82-857, U.S GEOL. SURVEY, ALBUQUERQUE,
NEW MEXICO, 90P.
C-116
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MODEL TEAM—
author name(s): BOONSTRA, J.
IGWMC key= 2800
address: I.L.R.I.
P.O. 45
WAGENINGEN, THE NETHERLANDS
phone: 083/76-19100
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: I.L.R.I.
address: P.O. BOX 45
WAGENINGEN
THE NETHERLANDS
phone: 083/70-19100
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: SGMP
model purpose: AN INTEGRAL FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR SIMULATING
STEADY-STATE OR TRANSIENT, TWO- DIMENSIONAL, HORIZONTAL
FLOW IN A SATURATED, ANISOTROPIC AND HETEROGENEOUS,
CONFINED/SEMI-CONFINED/PHREATIC AQUIFER SYSTEM
completion date: JUN 1981
last update date: JUN 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -STORAGE IN
CONFINING LAYER -DELAYED YIELD FROM STORAGE
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -TWO OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER
RECHARGE -WELLS -WELL CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT
PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE -DRAINAGE LEVELS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-117
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MODEL INPUT -
areal values: -ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE
IN CONFINING LAYER
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
-ERROR CRITERIA
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PRECIPITATION
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -ARTIFICIAL
RECHARGE RATES -GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
plotted graphics:
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION — —
no. of statements: 672 (TOTAL- PROGRAM IN 4 PARTS)
language: FORTRAN IV (BASIC UNDER PREPARATION)
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROGRAM DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE AND DOCUMENTATION
PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #1; TWO-LAYERED VERSION
AVAILABLE FROM AUTHOR
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: FEW
REFERENCES-
01 BOONSTRA, J. AND N.A. DE RIDDER. 1981. NUMERICAL MODELLING
OF GROUNDWATER BASINS - A USER MANUAL, ILRI PUBLICATION NO. 29,
INTERN. INST. LAND RECLAMATION AND IMPROVEMENT, WAGENINGEN,
THE NETHERLANDS, 250 PP.
C-119
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MODEL TEAM--
author name(s): BERNEY, 0.
address: VIA VANVITELLI 3
1-00044 FRASCATI
ITALY
IGWMC key= 2870
CONTACT ADDRESS - —
contact person: THOMAS, R.G.
address: LAND AND WATER DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
UN FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION
VIA DELLE TERME DI CARACALLA
00100 - ROME, ITALY
phone: ROME - 5797-3149
MODEL IDENTIFICATION —
model name: DISIFLAQ (DIGITAL SIMULATION OF FLOW THROUGH A
TWO-LAYERED AQUIFER SYSTEM)
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR STEADY-STATE OR
TRANSIENT SIMULATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL, HORIZONTAL
GROUNDWATER FLOW IN A TWO-LAYERED, ISOTROPIC,
HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFER SYSTEM.
completion date: 1963
last update date: 1980
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS -TWO OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -MOVABLE EXTERNAL BOUNDARY -INFILTRATION
-GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
C-120
-------
MODEL INPUT- -
area! values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -HEADS OR
PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-SPECIFIC YIELD -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING
LAYER -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND LAKE
BED
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE
LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
-ERROR CRITERIA -NUMBER OF POLYGONS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -ARTIFICIAL
RECHARGE RATES -GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
plotted graphics:
-HEADS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
number of nodes:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -TRIANGULAR -POLYGON
-20 HORIZONTAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
-VARIABLE 1000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
error criteria:
-FINITE DIFFERENCE -TYSON AND WEBER FORMULATION
-GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-WATER BALANCE OVER MODEL
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM 370/148
core storage: 256K
mass storage: 200K
C-121
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION— -
no. of statements: 2428
language: FORTRAN
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE AND DOCUMENTATION PUBLISHED
IN REFERENCE II.
available code form: -PRINTED LISTING -MAGNETIC TAPE
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: NO
-user's instructions:
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency:
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: UNKNOWN
YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
NO -field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
PREVIOUS VERSIONS HAVE BEEN USED IN MANY COUNTRIES BY FAO
STAFF AND CONSULTANTS. TO NAME A FEW: IRAN, CYPRUS, GREECE,
JAMAICA, PHILIPPINES, EGYPT, LIBYA, SPAIN, ROMANIA, AND LEBANON.
REFERENCES- - - - —
01 BERNEY, 0. 1981. DIGITAL SIMULATION OF FLOW THROUGH TWO-LAYERED
AQUIFER SYSTEMS - DISIFLAQ, USER ORIENTED PROGRAMME PACKAGE.
LAND AND WATER DEVELOPMENT DIVISION, FAO, ROME, ITALY
C-122
-------
MODEL TEAM -- —
author name(s): WESSELING, J.W.
address: DELFT HYDRAULICS LABORATORY
P.O. BOX 152
8300 AD EMMELOORD
THE NETHERLANDS
phone: (0)/5274-2922
IGWMC key= 2982
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: WESSELING, J.W.
address: DELFT HYDRAULICS LABORATORY
P.O. BOX 152
8300 AD EMMELOORD
THE NETHERLANDS
phone: (0)/5274-2922
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: GROWKWA
model purpose: A COMBINED FINITE DIFFERENCE AND FINITE ELEMENT MODEL
FOR TRANSIENT SIMULATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL HORIZONTAL
GROUNDWATER MOVEMENT AND NON-CONSERVATIVE SOLUTE
TRANSPORT IN A MULTI-LAYERED, ANISOTROPIC, HETERO-
GENEOUS AQUIFER SYSTEM.
completion date: 1982
last update date: 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING
AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO FLOW -TIDAL
FLUCTUATIONS -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-CONCENTRATION -SOLUTE FLUXES
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
C-123
-------
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-PRECIPITATION -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION -CONVECTION
-DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION -ABSORPTION
-ION EXCHANGE -DECAY -REACTIONS
-METRIC UNITS
-FLOW AND MASS TRANSPORT EQUATIONS FOR NONCONSERVATIVE
SOLUTE
MODEL INPUT
areal values:
-ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -DIFFUSIVITY
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
-DISPERSIVITY -DECAY RATE -INITIAL QUALITY
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND
WATER RECHARGE RATES -CONCENTRATIONS -SOLUTE FLUXES
-NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
-NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables:
plotted graphics:
-AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-VELOCITIES -DIFFUSIVITY -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN
CONFINING LAYER -DISPERSIVITY -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC
YIELD -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
-PRECIPITATION -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE
RATES -ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE RATES -GROUND WATER
RECHARGE RATES
-HEADS -FLUXES -VELOCITIES -CONCENTRATIONS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL- —
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -LINEAR -ISOPARAMETRIC
QUADRILATERAL
20 HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL
PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
C-124
-------
TECHNIQUES —-
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
-FINITE DIFFERENCE -FINITE ELEMENT
-GAUSS ELIMINATION -CHOLESKY SQUARE ROOT
-DOOLITTLE -WEIGHTED RESIDUALS -PREDICTOR
CORRECTOR -CRANK NICHOLSON
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: CYBER 176
core storage: 38,000 CYBER WORDS
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 5000
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY; TO BE NEGOTIATED
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: UNKNOWN
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: UNKNOWN
C-125
-------
IGWMC key= 3220
MODEL. TEAM -.
author name(s): HAJI-DJAFARI, S. AND T.C. WELLS
address: D'APPOLONIA WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES, INC.
10 DUFF RD.
PITTSBURGH, PA 15235
phone: 412/243-3200
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: HAJI-DJAFARI, S.
address: D'APPOLONIA WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES, INC.
10 DUFF RD.
PITTSBURGH, PA 15235
phone: 412/243-3200
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model na.7ie: GEOFLOW
model ?ur::se: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO STIMULATE STEADY OR
NCNST-I-DY, TWO-DIMENSIONAL AREAL FLOW AND MASS
TRASSrCRT IN ANISOTROPIC AND HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS
UNDER CCNFINED, LEAKY CONFINED, OR WATER TABLE
CONDITIONS.
completion date: AUG 1932
last update date: AUG 19S2
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY -ANISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN TIME
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED--LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -INFILTRATION -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE -RESTART'CAPABILITY PERMITS ANY
VARIATION -CONCENTRATIONS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CONVECTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -DECAY
-REACTIONS -RETARDATION
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -FLOW AND MASS TRANSPORT EQUATIONS FOR NONCONSERVATIVE
SOLUTE
C-126
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MODEL INPUT
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY
-POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD
-DIFFUSIVITY -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND LAKE BED
-DISPERSIVITY -DECAY RATE -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES -CONCENTRATIONS
-SOLUTE FLUXES
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME
INCREMENTS -RETARDATION FACTORS
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES
-CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
plotted graphics:
-HEADS -VELOCITIES -CONCENTRATIONS -SATURATED
THICKNESS -RETARDATION FACTOR
GEOMETRY OF MODEL— -
Shape of cell: -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 1000 TO 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: PRIME 750
core storage: 5MB @ REV 3.1 DIMENS.
mass storage: VARIES DEPENDING ON OUTPUT.
C-127
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 5000 IN MAIN PROGRAM
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY
available code form: MAGNETIC TAPE
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: MANY
REFERENCES - - - —
01 HAJI-DJAFARI, S. 1976. TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
OF TRANSIENT FLOW AND TRACER MOVEMENT IN CONFINED AND PHREATIC
AQUIFERS. PH.D. THESIS, MICHIGAN STATE UNIV.
02 HAJI-DJAFARI, S. 1983. USER'S MANUAL GEOFLOW GROUND WATER FLOW
AND MASS TRANSPORT COMPUTER PROGRAM. D'APPOLONIA, PITTSBURG, PA.
03 HAJI-DJAFARI, S., P.E. ANTOMMARIA, AND H.L. CROUSE. 1981.
ATTENUATION OF RADIONUCLIDES AND TOXIC ELEMENTS BY IN SITU
SOILS AT A URANIUM TAILINGS POND IN CENTRAL WYOMING, PERM-
EABILITY AND GROUNDWATER CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT. ASTM STP 746,
T.F. ZIMMIE AND C.O. RIGGS, EDS., AMERICAN SOC. FOR TESTING
AND MATERIALS, PP. 221-242.
C-128
-------
IGWMC key= 3230
MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): SAGAR, B.
original address: ANALYTIC AND COMPUTATIONAL RESEARCH, INC.
3106 INGLEWOOD BLVD.
LOS ANGELES, CA 90066
CONTACT ADDRESS—
contact person: SAGAR, B.
address: ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL
P.O. BOX 800
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-9067
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: AQUIFER
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR ANALYSIS OF STEADY-STATE
AND TRANSIENT TWO-DIMENSIONAL AREAL, CROSS-SECTIONAL,
OR RADIAL FLOW IN HETEROGENEOUS, ANISOTROPIC MULTI-
AQUIFER SYSTEMS.
completion date: APR 1982
last update date: APR 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -FREE SURFACE -SEEPAGE
SURFACE -TIDAL FLUCTUATIONS -INFILTRATION
-GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-129
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MODEL INPUT— •
area! values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -HEADS OR
PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND
WATER RECHARGE RATES
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
-NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-VELOCITIES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
-ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE RATES -GROUND WATER RECHARGE
RATES
plotted graphics:
-HEADS -FLUXES -VELOCITIES -STREAMLINES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL—
shape of cell: -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR
RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES —
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
error criteria:
-FINITE DIFFERENCE
-GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED —
make and model: CRAY, PRIME & MICRO
C-130
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 2000
language: FORTRAN 77
available code form: MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: UNKNOWN
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: UNKNOWN
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: UNKNOWN
C-131
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MODEL TEAM
author name(s): SAGAR, B.
original address: ANALYTIC & COMPUTATIONAL RESEARCH, INC.
3106 INGLEWOOD BLVD.
LOS ANGELES, CA 90066
IGWMC key= 3232
CONTACT ADDRESS—
contact person: SAGAR, B.
address: ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL
P.O. BOX 800
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-9067
MODEL IDENTIFICATION—
model name: FRACFLOW
model purpose: AN INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE
STEADY AND UNSTEADY STATE ANALYSIS OF DENSITY-
DEPENDENT FLOW, HEAT AND MASS TRANSPORT IN
FRACTURED CONFINED AQUIFERS SIMULATING TWO-
DIMENSIONALLY THE PROCESSES IN THE POROUS
MEDIUM AND ONE-DIMENSIONALLY IN THE FRACTURES,
INCLUDING TIME-DEPENDENCY OF PROPERTIES
completion date: OCT 1981
last update date: OCT 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE IN CONFINING
LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -DISCRETE
FRACTURES -DUAL POROSITY FRACTURE SYSTEM -MANY
OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-CONCENTRATIONS
fluid conditions: -HETEROGENEOUS -TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT
-VARIABLE DENSITY
model processes: -CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-CONSOLIDATION -ADSORPTION -DECAY -REACTIONS
C-132
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other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
-COUPLED 2-D EQUATIONS FOR FLOW, AND HEAT AND
MASS TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA AND DYNAMICALLY
LINKED 1-0 EQUATIONS FOR FLOW AND TRANSPORT IN
PLANAR FRACTURES
MODEL INPUT
areal values:
-THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-SPECIFIC YIELD -DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY -THERMAL CAPACITY -SPECIFIC HEAT
-TEMPERATURE -FLUID DENSITY -DECAY RATE
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
-NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS -SIZE AND
ORIENTATION OF FRACTURES IN THE FORM OF
COORDINATES OF THE BEGINNING AND END POINTS OF THE
FRACTURES -USER OUTPUT REQUIREMENTS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-VELOCITIES -DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
-TEMPERATURE -FLUID DENSITY -PERMEABILITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
-PUMPAGE RATES -ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE RATES -STREAM
FUNCTION
plotted graphics:
-HEADS -FLUXES -VELOCITIES -TEMPERATURE
-CONCENTRATIONS -STREAMLINES -ISOCHRONES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-RECTANGULAR
-20 HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR
RADIAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
C-133
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TECHNIQUES - - -
basic modeling
technique: -INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-ALTERNATING DIRECTION -IMPLICIT
error criteria: -SUM HEAD CHANGE OVER MODEL BETWEEN ITERATIONS
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: CRAY, UNIVAC, PRIME, MICRO/CPM BASED
core storage: 140K FOR 2500 NODES
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 3500
language: FORTRAN 77
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY
available code form: MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: YES -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: YES -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: UNKNOWN
-support: YES -model users: FEW
REFERENCES--
01 FRACFLOW: A MODEL FOR SIMULATING FLOW, HEAT AND MASS
TRANSPORT IN FRACTURED MEDIA. 1981 ACRI, LOS ANGELES
C-134
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MODEL TEAM — -
author name(s): RUNCHAL, A.K.
IGWMC key= 3233
address: ANALYTIC & COMPUTATIONAL RESEARCH, INC.
3106 INGLEWOOD BLVD.
LOS ANGELES, CA 90066
phone: 213/398-0956
CONTACT ADDRESS-
contact person: RUNCHAL, A.K.
address: ANALYTIC AND COMPUTATIONAL RESEARCH, INC.
3106 INGLEWOOD BLVD.
LOS ANGELES, CA 90066
phone: 213/398-0956
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: PORFLOW- II AND III
model purpose: AN INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE
STEADY OR TRANSIENT, 2-D HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL OR
RADIAL AND 3-D SIMULATION OF DENSITY DEPENDENT FLOW
HEAT AND MASS TRANSPORT IN ANISOTROPIC, HETERO-
GENEOUS, NON-DEFORMABLE SATURATED POROUS MEDIA WITH
TIME DEPENDENT AQUIFER AND FLUID PROPERTIES. MODEL
ALLOWS FOR PHASE CHANGE, COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS, AND
3-PHASES (WATER, STEAM, AIR).
completion date: 1979
last update date: 1987
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE IN CONFINING
LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING
AQUIFERS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN TIME
(PERMEABILITY, THERMAL PROPERTIES, FLUID PROPERTIES)
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -TIDAL FLUCTUATIONS -GROUND-
WATER RECHARGE -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-HETEROGENEOUS -SALT WATER/FRESH WATER INTERFACE
-STEAM/WATER INTERFACE -TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT
-COMPRESSIBLE -VARIABLE DENSITY
C-135
-------
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-CHANGE OF PHASE -ADSORPTION -DECAY -REACTIONS
-ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
-TWO- OR THREE-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICAL COUPLED
EQUATIONS OF FLOW, HEAT AND MASS TRANSPORT IN
POROUS MEDIA WITH PHASE CHANGE EQUATIONS
MODEL INPUT
areal values:
-THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY -THERMAL CAPACITY
-SPECIFIC HEAT -TEMPERATURE -FLUID DENSITY -DECAY
RATE -INITIAL QUALITY -EQUATION OF STATE
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-TEMPERATURE -SATURATION
-NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
-NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
-VELOCITIES -THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY -TEMPERATURE
-FLUID DENSITY -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
plotted graphics:
-------
TECHNIQUES - -
basic modeling
technique: -INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD (NODAL POINT
INTEGRATION)
equation solving
technique: -ALTERNATING DIRECTION -IMPLICIT/SOR/CHOLESKY
error criteria: -MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: CRAY, PRIME, UNIVAC, VAX, MICRO
core storage: VARIABLE
PROGRAM INFORMATION—
no. of statements: 2800 v
language: FORTRAN 77
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY AND PUBLIC DOMAIN VERSIONS
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: YES -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: YES -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: YES
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: YES
-support: YES -model users: MANY
REMARKS - -
01 THIS CODE HAS BEEN USED EXTENSIVELY IN REAL LIFE
PROBLEM SOLVING. A VERSION OF THIS MODEL IS BEING
USED CONTINUOUSLY TO SIMULATE THE NEAR-FIELD BEHAVIOR OF
HIGH LEVEL NUCLEAR WASTE REPOSITORY IN BASALT.
02 OPTIONAL COUPLING WITH A THERMO-MECHANICAL STRESS MODEL
03 A PUBLIC DOMAIN VERSION IS AVAILABLE FROM ROCKWELL HANFORD
OPERATIONS, ENERGY SYSTEMS GROUP, RICHLAND, WA.
C-137
-------
REFERENCES
01 PORFLOW: A SERIES OF POROUS MEDIA MODELS TO SIMULATE
COUPLED FLOW, HEAT AND MASS TRANSPORT. BROCHURE ACRI.
02 EYLER, L.L. AND M.J. BUDDEN. 1984. VERIFICATION AND
BENCHMARKING OF PORFLO: AN EQUIVALENT POROUS CONTINUUM
CODE FOR REPOSITORY SCALE ANALYSIS. BASALT WASTE ISOLATION
PROJECT. PNL-5044. PACIFIC NORTHWEST LABORATORY. RICHLAND, WA.
03 KLINE, N.W., A.K. RUNCHAL, R.G. BACA. 1983. PORFLO COMPUTER
CODE: USERS GUIDE. RHO-BW-CR-138P. ROCKWELL HANFORD
OPERATIONS. RICHLAND, WA.
04 RUNCHAL, A.K. 1981. AN EQUIVALENT CONTINUUM MODEL FOR FLUID
FLOW, HEAT AND MASS TRANSPORT IN GEOLOGIC MATERIALS. ASME
PUBL. 81-HT-54. NEW YORK, NY.
05 RUNCHAL, A., B. SAGAR, R.G. BACA, N.W. KLINE. PORFLOW - A
CONTINUUM MODEL FOR FLUID FLOW, HEAT TRANSFER, AND MASS
TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA. RHO-BW-CR-150P. ROCKWELL HANFORD
OPERATIONS. RICHLAND, WA.
06 RUNCHAL, A.K. 1985. PORFLOW: A GENERAL PURPOSE MODEL FOR FLUID
FLOW, HEAT TRANSFER AND MASS TRANSPORT IN ANISOTROPIC,
INHOMOGENEOUS, EQUIVALENT POROUS MEDIA, VOLUME I: THEORY,
VOLUME II: USER'S MANUAL. ACRI/TN-011. ANALYTIC AND
COMPUTATIONAL RESEARCH, INC. WEST LOS ANGELES, CA.
07 RUNCHAL, A.K. 1985. THEORY AND APPLICATION OF THE PORFLOW
MODEL FOR ANALYSIS OF COUPLED FLOW, HEAT AND RADIONUCLIDE
TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA. PROCEEDINGS, INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON COUPLED PROCESSESS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF A NUCLEAR
WASTE REPOSITORY, BERKELEY, CA.
C-138
-------
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): SAGAR, B.
original address: ANALYTIC AND COMPUTATIONAL RESEARCH, INC.
3106 INGLEWOOD BLVD.
LOS ANGELES, CA 90066
IGWMC key= 3235
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: SAGAR, B.
address: ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL
P.O. BOX 800
RICHLAND, WA 99352
phone: 509/376-9067
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: FLOTRA
model purpose: AN INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE
STEADY OR TRANSIENT, TWO-DIMENSIONAL, AREAL, CROSS-
SECTIONAL OR RADIAL SIMULATION OF DENSITY-DEPENDENT
FLOW, HEAT AND MASS TRANSPORT IN VARIABLY SATURATED,
ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS DEFORMABLE POROUS MEDIA
completion date: DEC 1981
last update date: FEB 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -AQUITARD -LEAKY -STORAGE IN CONFINING
LAYER -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -AQUIFER SYSTEM
DEFORMATION -AQUIFER COMPACTION -MANY OVERLYING
AQUIFERS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN TIME
(POROSITY, PERMEABILITY, STORATIVITY, THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY, FLUID DENSITY, DISPERSION COEFICIENT)
-CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN SPACE (ALL HYDRAULIC,
THERMAL AND MASS TRANSPORT PROPERTIES EXCEPT FLUID
DENSITY)
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
-STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED
-LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -NO FLOW
-MOVABLE EXTERNAL BOUNDARY -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
C-139
-------
fluid conditions:
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-HETEROGENEOUS -TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT -COMPRESSIBLE
-VARIABLE DENSITY
-CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-CONSOLIDATION -ADSORPTION -DECAY -REACTIONS
-ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
-COUPLED EQUATIONS FOR FLOW, AND HEAT AND MASS
TRANSPORT IN EULERIAN CORDINATES -DEFORMATION
EQUATION IN LAGRANGIAN COORDINATES
MODEL INPUT
areal values:
-ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY -THERMAL
CAPACITY -SPECIFIC HEAT -TEMPERATURE -FLUID
DENSITY -DECAY RATE -INITIAL QUALITY
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
-NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -NUMBER OF TIME
INCREMENTS -REQUIRED OUTPUT
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables:
plotted graphics:
-------
-20 HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR VERTICAL
VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID -MOVABLE
GRID
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES
basic model ing
technique: -INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD (NODAL POINT
INTEGRATION)
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-ALTERNATING DIRECTION -IMPLICIT
error criteria: -MAXIMUM HEAD CHANGE AT ANY ONE NODE
COMPUTERS USED —
make and model: CRAY, UNIVAC, PRIME, MICRO/CPM
core storage: 120K FOR 2500 NODES
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 3000
language: FORTRAN 77
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: UNKNOWN
C-141
-------
IGWMC key= 3240
MODEL TEAM - --
author name(s): LIGGETT, J.A.
address: SCHOOL OF CIVIL AND ENVIR. ENG.
HOLLISTER HALL
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
ITHACA, N.Y. 14853
phone: 607/256-3556
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: LIGGETT, J.A.
address: SCHOOL OF CIVIL AND ENVIR. ENG.
HOLLISTER HALL
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
ITHACA, N.Y. 14853
phone: 607/256-3556
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: GM5
model purpose: A BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATION MODEL TO SIMULATE STEADY
STATE THREE DIMENSIONAL SATURATED GROUNDWATER FLOW IN
AN ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS MULTI-AQUIFER SYSTEM.
completion date: AUG 1982
last update date: SEP 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS-
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -AQUITARD -LEAKY
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING
AQUIFERS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN SPACE
flow conditions: -STEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HETEROGENEOUS -
equations solved: -LAPLACE EQUATION, MODIFIED HELMHOLTZ EQUATION
C-142
-------
MODEL INPUT - - -
areal values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES
-PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -DIFFUSIVITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -GROUND WATER
RECHARGE RATES
others: -BOUNDARY NODES
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL --
shape of cell: -NONE
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL -3D
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: CDC CYBER, IBM 370
core storage: VARIABLE
PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: FORTRAN
cost: UNKNOWN
C-143
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: NO -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: NO
-sample problems: YES -verified: NO
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: NO
-support: NO -model users: FEW
REMARKS - - - -
01 THREE RELATED PROGRAMS ARE PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE #02.
•GM8' SOLVES THE LAPLACE EQUATION IN A CLOSED REGION WITH
EITHER NEUMANN OR DIRICHLET TYPE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS OR
A MIXTURE OF BOTH. 'GM9' IS AN EXTENSION OF 'GM8' ALLOWING
INSERTION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS. 'DAM1 CALCULATES UNSTEADY,
FREE SURFACE FLOW THROUGH AN EARTH DIKE OF CONSTANT
PERMEABILITY.
02 PRIMARILY A RESEARCH MODEL WITH INEFFICIENT CODING; DRAFT
USER'S MANUAL AVAILABLE
REFERENCES -
01 LAFE, O.E., J.A. LIGGETT, AND P.L-F. LUI. 1981. BIEM
SOLUTIONS TO COMBINATIONS OF LEAKY, LAYERED, CONFINED,
UNCONFINED, NONISOTROPIC AQUIFERS. WATER RESOURCES
RESEARCH VOL.17(5), PP.1431-1444.
02 LIGGETT, J.A. AND P.L-F. LIU. 1983. THE BOUNDARY INTEGRAL
EQUATION METHOD FOR POROUS MEDIA FLOW. GEORGE ALLEN AND
UNWIN, LONDON, 255 PP.
03 LAFE, O.E. 1981. BOUNDARY INTEGRAL SOLUTIONS TO NEARLY
HORIZONTAL FLOWS IN MULTIPLY ZONED AQUIFERS. PHD THESIS,
CORNELL UNIVERSITY, ITHACA, NEW YORK.
C-144
-------
IGWMC key= 3370
MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): YEH, G.T. AND D.S. WARD
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
CONTACT ADDRESS - -
contact person: YEH, G.T.
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
phone: 615/574-7285
MODEL IDENTIFICATION - -
model name: FEMWATER/FECHATER
model purpose: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO SIMULATE
TRANSIENT, CROSS-SECTIONAL FLOW IN SATURATED-UNSATURATED
ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS POROUS MEDIA.
completion date: OCT. 1980
last update date: FEB. 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS - -
aquifer conditions: -WATER TABLE -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
-CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN TIME
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED
-LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -FREE SURFACE
-INFILTRATION -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -SEEPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -PRECIPITATION -INFILTRATION -PONDING
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-145
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MODEL INPUT-
area! values: -ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -HEADS
OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -SPECIFIC
WEIGHT -SOIL PROPERTIES
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES
Others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -VISCOSITY.
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES -INPUT VALUES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE.-RECTANGULAR -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
-TRIANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 VERTICAL
-20 VERTICAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -CROSS SECTIONAL OR VERTICAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES -
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT -SOLVING FOR VELOCITY FIELD AT
NODAL POINTS.
equation solving
technique: -CRANK NICHOLSON -INCLUDED ARE 6 NUMERICAL
SOLUTION SCHEMES
error criteria: -WATER BALANCE OVER MODEL
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: VAX 11/780
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 3000
language: FORTRAN IV
C-146
-------
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; PROGRAM CODE AND DOCUMENTATION PUBLISHED
IN REF. II
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
FEMWATER IS AN EXTENSIVELY MODIFIED AND EXPANDED VERSION OF A
FINITE-ELEMENT GALERKIN MODEL DEVELOPED BY REEVES AND DUGUID, 1975
02 FECWATER IS A SLIGHTLY MODIFIED VERSION OF FEMWATER.
03 THE MODEL IS EVALUATED IN: THOMAS, S.D., B. ROSS, J.W. MERCER.
1982. A SUMMARY OF REPOSITORY SITING MODELS. NUREG/CR-2782, U.S.
NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON, D.C.
REFERENCES — -
01 YEH, G.T. AND D.S. WARD. 1980. FEMWATER: A FINITE-ELEMENT MODEL
OF WATER FLOW THROUGH SATURATED-UNSATURATED POROUS MEDIA.
ORNL-5567, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB., OAK RIDGE, TN 37830.
02 REEVES, M. AND J.O. DUGUID. 1975. WATER MOVEMENT THROUGH
SATURATED-UNSATURATED POROUS MEDIA: A FINITE-ELEMENT GALERKIN
MODEL. ORNL-4927, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB., OAK RIDGE, TN 37830.
03 YEH, G.T. AND R.H. STRAND. 1982. FECWATER: USER'S MANUAL OF A
FINITE-ELEMENT CODE FOR SIMULATING WATER FLOW THROUGH SATURATED-
UNSATURATED POROUS MEDIA. ORNL/TM-7316, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB.,
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830.
04 YEH, G.T. 1982. TRAINING COURSE NO. 1: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
FEMWATER (ORNL-5567) COMPUTER PROGRAM. NUREG/CR-2705. U.S.
NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON, D.C.
C-147
-------
IGWMC key= 3372
MODEL TEAM - -
author name(s): YEH, G.T. AND C.W. FRANCIS
address: ENVIRONEMNTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
CONTACT ADDRESS—
contact person: YEH, G.T.
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
phone: 615/574-7285
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: AQUIFLOW
model purpose: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO SIMULATE
TRANSIENT FLOW IN HORIZONTAL, ANISOTROPIC,
HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS UNDER CONFINED, LEAKY OR
UNCONFINED CONDITIONS.
completion date: 1983
last update date: 1984
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ANISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING AQUIFERS (CONFINED
-UNCONFINED)
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -TWO-DIMENSIONAL TRANSIENT FLOW EQUATION
C-148
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MODEL INPUT— - -
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -TRANSMISSIVITY
-POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME
INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA -LEAKAGE RATES
-VARIABLE, AUTOMATIC ADJUSTING TIMESTEPS
MODEL OUTPUT-— -— - —
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL -
shape of cell: -TRIANGULAR -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES — - —
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT -ORTHOGONAL WEIGHING FUNCTIONS
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-GAUSS ELIMINATION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM 370/3033
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: <$100
C-149
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: GENERIC -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: UNKNOWN
REFERENCES - -
01 YEH, G.T. 1983. SOLUTION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW EQUATIONS USING AN
ORTHOGONAL FINITE-ELEMENT SCHEME. ESD-2231, CONF-8309160-1
/DE84000690, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB., OAK RIDGE, TN.
02 YEH, G.T. AND C.W. FRANCIS. 1984. AQUIFLOW: AN ORTHOGONAL FINITE
ELEMENT APPROACH TO MODELING AQUIFER WATER FLOW. OAK
RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, OAK RIDGE, TN.
C-150
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IGWMC key= 3373
MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): YEH, G.T. AND D.D. HUFF
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
phone: 615/574-7245
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: YEH, G.T.
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
phone: 615/574-7245
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: FEWA
model purpose: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO SIMULATE
TRANSIENT VERTICALLY AVERAGED FLOW IN CONFINED,
LEAKY CONFINED, OR WATER TABLE AQUIFERS.
completion date: NOV 1983
last update date: NOV 1983
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS— -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -STORAGE IN
CONFINING LAYER -DELAYED YIELD FROM STORAGE
-ISOTROPIC -ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
-HETEROGENEOUS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN
SPACE (CONFINED/UNCONFINED)
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
surface flow
Characteristics: -TIME VARIABILITY OF SURFACE WATER STAGE -LAKES
-RIVERS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
C-151
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other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -TWO-DIMENSIONAL VERTICALLY AVERAGED FLOW
EQUATION; DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY.
MODEL INPUT- -
areal values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF
SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC
YIELD -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND LAKE BED
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -TRIANGULAR -ISOPARAMETRIC
QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE
TECHNIQUES -
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-GAUSS ELIMINATION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: VAX 11/780
C-152
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PROGRAM INFORMATION —
no. of statements: 1650
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: UNKNOWN
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: FEW
REFERENCES -
01 YEH, G.T. AND D.D. HUFF. 1983. FEWA: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL
OF WATER FLOW THROUGH AQUIFERS. ORNL-5976, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL
LAB., OAK RIDGE, TN.
C-153
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IGWMC key= 3376
MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): YEN, G.T. AND D.D. HUFF
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
phone: 615/574-7285
CONTACT ADDRESS - -
contact person: YEH, G.T.
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
phone: 615/574-7285
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: FEMA
model purpose: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO SIMUL-
ATE SOLUTE TRANSPORT INCLUDING RADIOACTIVE DECAY,
SORPTION, AND BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL DEGRADATION.
THIS MODEL SOLVES ONLY SOLUTE TRANSPORT EQUATION
AND VELOCITY FIELD HAS TO BE GENERATED BY A FLOW
MODEL.
completion date: 1984
last update date: 1984
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ANISOTROPIC
-HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONCENTRATIONS -CONSTANT SOLUTE FLUX -SOLUTE SOURCE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION -DECAY
-ADVECTION
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -NONCONSERVATIVE SOLUTE TRANSPORT EQUATION
C-154
-------
MODEL INPUT
areal values: -POROSITY -DISPERSIVITY -DECAY RATE -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values: -CONCENTRATIONS -SOLUTE FLUXES -SOLUTE SOURCES AND
SINKS
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -COMPRESSIBILITY
OF MEDIUM -VELOCITY FIELD.
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -TRIANGULAR -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-GAUSS ELIMINATION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: VAX 11/780
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 3200
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN
available code form: -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
C-155
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: GENERIC -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: FEW
REMARKS -
01 THE VELOCITY FIELD IS NEEDED FOR INPUT AND CAN BE GENERATED
USING MODEL FEWA BY THE SAME AUTHORS (ORNL-5976) 1983.
02 A NEW GEOCHEMICAL MODEL, HYDROGEOCHEM, HAS BEEN DEVELOPED
BY INTERFACING FEMA WITH MINEQL (PRESENTED AT ISIS SEMINAR
ON SUPERCOMPUTERS IN HYDROLOGY, PURDUE UNIVERSITY,
SEPTEMBER 1985).
REFERENCES
01 YEH, G.T. AND D.O. HUFF. 1985. FEMA: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL
OF MATERIAL TRANSPORT THROUGH AQUIFERS. ORNL-6063, OAK RIDGE
NATIONAL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN.
02 YEH, G.T. 1985. COMPARISONS OF SUCCESIVE ITERATION AND
DIRECT METHODS TO SOLVE FINITE ELEMENT EQUATIONS OF AQUIFER
CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL.
21(3): PP. 272-280.
03 YEH, G.T., K.V. WONG, P.M. CRAIG, AND E.C. DAVIS. 1985.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF TWO FINITE ELEMENT GROUND-
WATER FLOW AND CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT MODELS: FEWA AND FEMA.
CONF-8509121--26, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB., OAK RIDGE, TN.
C-156
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MODEL TEAM
author name(s): VOSS, C.I.
IGWMC key= 3830
address: US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
431 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-6892
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: VOSS, C.I.
address: US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
431 NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-6892
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: SUTRA
model purpose:
A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF TWO-
DIMENSIONAL TRANSIENT SATURATED-UNSATURATED,
FLUID DENSITY DEPENDENT GROUND WATER FLOW WITH
TRANSPORT OF ENERGY OR TRANSPORT OF A CHEMICALLY
REACTIVE SOLUTE
completion date: 1984
last update date: 1984
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ISOTROPIC
-ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
model processes:
-STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED
-LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -NO FLOW
-FREE SURFACE -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS
-CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE -TEMPERATURE
-HEAT FLUX -SOLUTE FLUX -CONCENTRATION
-HETEROGENEOUS -TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT -VARIABLE
DENSITY
-CONVECTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION
-REACTIONS -DECAY
C-157
-------
other model
characteristics:
-METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY;
-CONVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE TRANSPORT EQUATION FOR
NONCONSERVATIVE SINGLE SOLUTE.
MODEL INPUT -
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABI'LITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
-DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY -THERMAL
CAPACITY -SPECIFIC HEAT -TEMPERATURE -FLUID
DENSITY -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES -HEAT AND SOLUTE
FLUXES -CONCENTRATIONS -SOURCES AND SINKS
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
-SOIL PROPERTIES -LEAKAGE RATES
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -VELOCITIES
-TEMPERATURE -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
-PUMPAGE RATES -ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE RATES -GROUND
WATER RECHARGE RATES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -TRIANGULAR -ISOPARAMETRIC
QUADRILATERAL
-2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL
-2D HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE 1000
TECHNIQUES-- •
basic modeling
technique:
equation solving
technique:
-FINITE ELEMENT
-GAUSS-SEIDEL OR POINT SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION
-INITIAL LU DECOMPOSITION FOR STEADY-STATE
C-158
-------
COMPUTERS USED -
make and model: IBM 3081, PRIME 750, VAX 11/780
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
language: FORTRAN
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: YES
-postprocessor: YES
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation:
-model users: MANY
YES
REMARKS--
01
AN EXTENSION OF THE CODE SUTRA IS GIVEN IN REF. 12
IT INCLUDES SORPTION, ION EXCHANGE, AND EQUILIBRIUM
CHEMISTRY. THE NONLINEAR COMPONENTS RESULTING FROM THESE
CHEMICAL PROCESSES ARE REDUCED INTO TWO TIME-DEPENDENT
VARIABLES THAT ESSENTIALLY PLUG INTO A GENERAL FORM OF THE
CLASSIC ADVECTION-DISPERSION EQUATION.
REFERENCES
01 C.I. VOSS. 1984. SUTRA: A FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION MODEL FOR
SATURATED-UNSATURATED FLUID DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROUND WATER FLOW
WITH ENERGY TRANSPORT OR CHEMICALLY REACTIVE SINGLE SPECIES
SOLUTE TRANSPORT. WATER RESOURCES INVEST. 84-4369, U.S. GEOL.
SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
02 LEWIS, F.M. 1984. SORPTION, ION-EXCHANGE, AND EQUILIBRIUM
CHEMISTRY IN ADVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE SOLUTE TRANSPORT. DEPARTMENT
OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, PHOENIX,
AZ
C-159
-------
IGWMC key= 3840
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): DILLON, R.T., R.M. CRANWELL (1), R.B. LANTZ,
S.B. PAHWA AND M. REEVES (2), D.S. WARD (3)
address: (1) SANDIA NATIONAL LAB.
ALBEQUERQUE, NM
(2) INTERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULT.
HOUSTON, TX
(3) 6EOTRANS, INC.
HERNDON, VA
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: CRANWELL, R.M. (SUPPORT FOR SWIFT [RELEASE 4.81]) (1)
D.S. WARD (SUPPORT FOR SWIFT-II) (2)
address: (1) SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES
ALBEQUERQUE, NM 87185
(2) GEOTRANS, INC.
250 EXCHANGE PLACE IA
HERNDON, VA 22070
(SEE REMARKS FOR DISTRIBUTORS)
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: SWIFT (SANDIA WASTE ISOLATION FLOW AND TRANSPORT)
AND SWIFT-II
model purpose: A THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE-DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR
SIMULATION OF COUPLED, TRANSIENT, DENSITY
DEPENDENT FLOW AND TRANSPORT OF HEAT, BRINE,
TRACERS AND RADIONUCLIDE CHAINS IN POROUS AND
FRACTURED CONFINED AQUIFERS
completion date: 1978
last update date: 1981 (RELEASE 4.81)
1986 (SWIFT-II)
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY
OVERLYING AQUIFERS -FRACTURES -DUAL POROSITY
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
-ENTHALPY INJECTION AND PRODUCTION -RADIONUCLIDE OR
BRINE INJECTION AND PRODUCTION -WASTE LEACHATE
C-160
-------
fluid conditions:
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-HETEROGENEOUS -TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT -VARIABLE
DENSITY -BRINE -VARIABLE VISCOSITY
-CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-NONLINEAR ADSORPTION -ION EXCHANGE -DECAY -REACTIONS
-BUOYANCY -SALT DISSOLUTION
-METRIC UNITS
-CONSERVATION OF MASS AND ENTHALPY -VARIOUS
CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONSHIPS AND STATE EQUATIONS
MODEL INPUT
areal values:
-ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY -THERMAL CAPACITY -SPECIFIC HEAT
-TEMPERATURE -FLUID DENSITY -SPECIFIC WEIGHT
-DECAY RATE -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values:
others:
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -ERROR CRITERIA
-ENTHALPY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS -SOLUTE FLUX AND
CONCENTRATION BOUNDARY CONDITION
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -TEMPERATURE -FLUID
DENSITY -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
-POROSITY -VISCOSITY
GEOMETRY OF MODEL—-
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-ORTHOGONAL
-3D -2D -CLYLINDRICAL
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW
number of nodes: -VARIABLE ->10,000
C-161
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TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -LINE SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION OR GAUSSIAN
ELIMINATION -IMPLICIT -CRANK NICHOLSON -UPWIND
WEIGHTING
COMPUTERS USED— -
make and model: CDC 7600
core storage: 400K OCTAL WORDS
PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN (SEE REMARKS)
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $2,000 from ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY
MODEL EVALUATION—
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: GENERIC
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS--
01
02
03
THE SWIFT CODE HAS BEEN BASED ON THE SWIP AND SWIPR CODE
(IGWMC KEY 0692), DEVELOPED FOR THE USGS IN 1976 AND UPDATED
IN 1979. A NEW VERSION, SWIFT-II, INCORPORATES DUAL POROSITY
FOR FRACTURED MEDIA.
RELATED TO THE SWIFT CODE AND BASED ALSO ON SWIP AND SWIPR IS
THE SWENT CODE, DEVELOPED AT OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, OAK
RIDGE, TENNESSEE
SWIFT CODE IS AVAILABLE FROM NATIONAL ENERGY SOFTWARE CENTER,
ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY, ARGONNE, IL 60439, ACCESS NR
NESC #973. SWIFT: WASTE-ISOLATION FLOW AND TRANSPORT MODEL.
MAG TAPE ANL/NESC-973 U.S. SALES ONLY. PRICE INCLUDES
DOCUMENTATION. TAPES CAN BE PREPARED IN MOST RECORDING
MODES FOR ONE-HALF INCH TAPE. SPECIFY RECORDING MODE
DESIRED.
C-162
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04 IT IS ALSO DISTRIBUTED BY' NTIS, NAT. TECHN. INFORMATION
CENTER, U.S. DEPT. OF COMMERCE, 5285 PORT ROYAL RD.,
SPRINGFIELD, VA, 22161. CALL NTIS COMPUTER PRODUCTS IF YOU
HAVE QUESTIONS. PRICE CODE: CP T99.
05 SWIFT II IS AVAILABLE THROUGH THE NATIONAL ENERGY SOFTWARE
CENTER AND FROM GEOTRANS, INC., 250 EXCHANGE PLACE, SUITE A,
HERNDON, VA 22070.
06 A VERSION OF SWIFT HAS BEEN PREPARED FOR THE ATOMIC ENERGY OF
CANADA, INC. (SEE REF. #4).
REFERENCES
01 DILLON, R.T., ET. AL. 1978. RISK METHODOLOGY FOR GEOLOGIC
DISPOSAL OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE: THE SANDIA WASTE ISOLATION
FLOW AND TRANSPORT (SWIFT) MODEL. SAND 78-1267/NUREG-CR-0424,
SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES, ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO.
02 FINLEY, N.C. AND M. REEVES. 1981. SWIFT SELF-TEACHING
CURRICULUM. SAND 81-0410/NUREG-CR-1968, SANDIA NATIONAL
LABORATORIES, ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO.
03 REEVES, M. AND R.M CRANWELL. 1981. USER'S MANUAL FOR THE
SANDIA WASTE-ISOLATION FLOW AND TRANSPORT MODEL (SWIFT)
RELEASE 4.81. SAND 81-2516/NUREG-CR-2324, SANDIA NATIONAL
LABORATORIES, ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO.
04 INTERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC. 1982. AN OVERVIEW OF
THE INTERA SIMULATORS, SWIFT-AECL/PTC AND SWIFT-AECL/SSP, FOR
WASTE INJECTION, FLOW AND TRANSPORT. WHITESHELL NUCLEAR RESEARCH
ESTABLISHMENT, PINAWA, MANITOBA ROE 1LO, CANADA
05 WARD, D., ET AL. 1986. SWIFT-II: THEORY AND IMPLEMENTATION.
NUREG/CR-3328, U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON,
D.C.
06 WARD, D., ET AL. 1986. SWIFT-II: DATA INPUT. NUREG/CR-3162,
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON, D.C.
07 WARD, D., ET AL. 1986. SWIFT-II: SELF TEACH CURRICULUM.
NUREG/CR-3925. U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON,
D.C.
C-163
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IGWMC key= 3868
MODEL TEAM—
author name(s): DESAI, C.S.
address: DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. AND ENG. MECH.
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
TUSCON, AZ 85721
phone: 602/621-6569
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: DESAI, C.S.
address: DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. AND ENG. MECH.
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
TUSCON, AZ 85721
phone: 602/621-6569
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: MAST-2D
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL TO SIMULATE COUPLED TRANSIENT
SEEPAGE AND MASS TRANSPORT IN SATURATED POROUS MEDIA.
completion date: UNKNOWN
last update date: UNKNOWN
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -ISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -FREE SURFACE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CONVECTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
equations solved: -COUPLED FLOW AND MASS TRANSPORT
MODEL INPUT—
areal values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY
-DISPERSIVITY -INITIAL QUALITY
C-164
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boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -VELOCITIES -ELEMENT
CONNECTIVITY
MODEL OUTPUT— -
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -VELOCITIES -CONCENTRATIONS
OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL —
shape of cell: -ISOPARAMETRIC QUADRILATERAL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D VERTICAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -CROSS SECTIONAL OR VERTICAL VIEW
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 1000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE ELEMENT
equation solving
technique: -CRANK NICOLSON
COMPUTERS USED-
PROGRAM INFORMATION —
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PROPRIETARY, LEASE
available code form: -MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
C-165
-------
IGWMC key= 3870
MODEL TEAM -- -
author name(s): JORGENSEN, D.G., H. GRUBB, C.H. BAKER, JR. (1)
G.E. HILMES (2) AND E.D. JENKINS (3)
address: (1) US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
(2) KANSAS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
(3) SOUTHWEST KANSAS GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT
DISTRICT NO. 3
CONTACT ADDRESS—
contact person: JORGENSEN, D.G.
address: US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WATER RESEARCH DEPT.
1950 AVENUE A-CAMPUS WEST
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
LAWRENCE, KANSAS 66044-3897
phone: 913/864-4321
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: GWMD3
model purpose: AN AXISYMMETRIC FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO CALCU-
LATE DRAWDOWN DUE TO A PROPOSED WELL, AT ALL
EXISTING WELLS IN THE SECTION OF THE PROPOSED WELL
AND IN THE ADJACENT 8 SECTIONS AND TO COMPARE DRAW-
DOWNS WITH ALLOWABLE LIMITS; INCLUDES AN OPTIONAL
PROGRAM TO EVALUATE ALLOWABLE DEPLETION FOR ONE OR
MORE TOWNSHIPS
completion date: 1982
last update date: 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -WATER TABLE -ISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -INFINITE EXTENT
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS
equations solved: -DUPUIT-FORCHEIMER ASSUMPTION FOR RADIAL, TRANSIENT
FLOW; DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY
C-167
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MODEL INPUT
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE
COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD
boundary values: -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
MODEL OUTPUT — -
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -DEPLETION
-APPROPRIATION
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -AXIAL SYMMETRY
TECHNIQUES -
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -THOMAS-ALGORITHM
error criteria: -SUM HEAD CHANGE OVER MODEL BETWEEN ITERATIONS
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: HARRIS S 125
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
language: FORTRAN 66
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; USER'S INSTRUCTIONS AND PROGRAM CODE
PUBLISHED IN REFERENCE II.
available code form: -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
C-168
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MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: UNKNOWN
REMARKS — - --
01 THE MODEL USES THE AUTOMATED WATER-RIGHTS FILE TO EVALUATE
WELL-SPACING AND DEPLETION REQUIREMENTS AND TO CALCULATE
THE DRAWDOWN IN ALL NEARBY WELLS.
REFERENCES
01 JORGENSEN, D.G., H.F. GRUBB, C.H. BAKER, JR., G.E. HILMES,
AND E.D. JENKINS. 1982. A NUMERICAL MODEL TO EVALUATE PROPOSED
GROUND-WATER ALLOCATIONS IN SOUTHWEST KANSAS.
WATER-RESOURC. INVESTIG. 82-4095, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,
LAWRENCE, KANSAS.
C-169
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IGWMC key= 3881
MODEL TEAM -- —
author name(s): TRACY, J.V.
address: BATTELLE
2030 M ST. NORTHWEST
WASHINGTON, DC 20036
CONTACT ADDRESS - — -
contact person: VOSS, C.
address: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WATER RESOURCE DEPT.
NATIONAL CENTER
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-6892
MODEL IDENTIFICATION- -
model name: GALERKIN FINITE ELEMENT FLOW MODEL
model purpose: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF
TWO-DIMENSIONAL, TRANSIENT FLOW IN A
ISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS, CONFINED OR
WATERTABLE AQUIFER IN CONTACT WITH A
STREAM. THE MODEL INCLUDES THE CALCULATION
OF THE SURFACE WATER BALANCE.
completion date: 1977
last update date: 1977
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -ISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -NO FLOW
-GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
surface flow
characteristics: -TIME VARIABILITY OF SURFACE WATER STAGE -WATER
BALANCE OF SURFACE WATER INCLUDED -RIVERS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -PRECIPITATION -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
-STREAM-AQUIFER INTERACTION -IRRIGATION
C-170
-------
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -CONSISTENT UNITS
MODEL INPUT
area! values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -SPECIFIC
YIELD -HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND LAKE
BED
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
-GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
others: -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE LOCATIONS OR
COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP
-STREAM DATA -SOIL CAPACITY
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -WATER BALANCE
plotted graphics:
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; CODE AND USER'S INSTRUCTIONS PUBLISHED
IN REF II
cost: < $100
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: NO
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: FEW
REMARKS-
01
02
AN EARLY VERSION IS DESCRIBED IN REFERENCE #2.
THE MODEL SIMULATES RATES OF STREAMFLOW STARTING WITH INPUT
STREAMFLOW AT THE UPPERMOST STREAM NODE AND WORKING
DOWNSTREAM CALCULATING THE FLOW FOR EACH RIVER REACH ON THE
BASIS OF INCOMING FLOW AND THE GAIN'OR LOSS TO THE AQUIFER
THROUGHOUT THE LENGTH OF THE REACH.
REFERENCES —
01 DUNLAP, L.E., R.J. LINDGREN, AND J.E. CARR. 1984.
PROJECTED EFFECTS OF GROUND-WATER WITHDRAWALS IN THE
ARKANSAS RIVER VALLEY, 1980-99, HAMILTON AND KEASAY
COUNTIES, SOUTHWESTERN KANSAS, WRI 84-4082, U.S. GEOLOGICAL
SURVEY, LAWRENCE, KANSAS, 68P.
02 BOLKE, E.L. AND J.J. VACCARD. 1981. DIGITAL - MODEL SIMULATION
OF THE HYDROLOGIC FLOW SYSTEM, WITH EMPHASIS ON GROUND WATER, IN
THE SPOKANE VALLEY, WASHINGTON AND IDAHO. WATER RESOURCE INVEST.
80-1300, U.S. GEOLOG. SURVEY, TACOMA, WA.
C-172
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IGWMC key= 3940
MODEL TEAM-
author name(s): JAVANDEL, I., C. DOUGHTY AND C.F. TSANG
address: LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY
EARTH SCIENCES DIVISION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 94720
phone: 415/486-6106
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: JAVANDEL, I.
address: LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY
EARTH SCIENCES DIVISION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 94720
phone: 415/486-6106
MODEL IDENTIFICATION -
model name: RESSQ
model purpose: A SEMI-ANALYTICAL MODEL TO CALCULATE 2-DIMENSIONAL
CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT BY ADVECTION AND ADSORPTION
IN A HOMOGENEOUS, ISOTROPIC CONFINED AQUIFER OF
UNIFORM THICKNESS WHEN REGIONAL FLOW, SOURCES AND
SINKS CREATE A STEADY STATE FLOW FIELD.
completion date: 1983
last update date: 1983
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS
surface flow
characteristics: -PONDS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -ADSORPTION -ADVECTION
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
C-173
-------
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY; COMPLEX VELOCITY
POTENTIAL AND STREAM FUNCTION
MODEL INPUT
areal values: -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -POROSITY
boundary values: -PUMPAGE OR INJECTION RATES
others: -PORE WATER VELOCITY -DIRECTION OF REGIONAL FLOW
-ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF SOIL -INJECTION CONCENTRATION
MODEL OUTPUT —
tables: -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
-STREAMLINES -CONTAMINANT FRONTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
TECHNIQUES --
basic modeling
technique: SEMI-ANALYTIC
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: VAX-11/780, IBM-PC/XT/AT
core storage: 256K
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 1200
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; -USER'S MANUAL AND CODE PUBLISHED IN
REF. #1.
available code form: MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: $150
C-174
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MODEL EVALUATION
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: YES
-user's instructions:
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency:
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
YES -coding: YES
-verified: YES
NO -field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS
01 IBM-PC VERSION AVAILABLE FROM IGWMC.
02 DEDICATED POSTPROCESSOR FOR RESSQ DEVELOPED BY IGWMC.
REFERENCES
01 JAVANDEL, I., C. DOUGHTY AND C.F. TSANG, 1984. GROUNDWATER
TRANSPORT: HANDBOOK OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS. WATER RESOURCES
MONOGR. 10, AM. GEOPHYS. UNION, WASHINGTON, D.C. 228 P.
02 KEELY, J.F. AND C.F. TSANG. 1983. VELOCITY PLOTS AND CAPTURE
ZONES OF PUMPING CENTERS FOR GROUNDWATER INVESTIGATIONS.
GROUNDWATER 21(6): 701-714.
03 JAVANDEL, I. AND C.F. TSANG. 1986. CAPTURE-ZONE TYPE CURVES:
A TOOL FOR AQUIFER CLEANUP. GROUND WATER 24(5):616-625.
C-175
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MODEL TEAM
author name(s): McDONALD, M.G. AND A.M. HAR8AUGH
address: GROUND WATER BRANCH, WRD
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WGS - MAIL STOP 433
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-6985
IGWMC key= 3980
CONTACT ADDRESS-
contact person: McDONALD, M.G.
address: GROUND WATER BRANCH, WRD
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WGS - MAIL STOP 433
RESTON, VA 22092
phone: 703/860-6985
MODEL IDENTIFICATION- - -
model name: MODFLOW
model purpose: A MODULAR THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE-DIFFERENCE
GROUND-WATER MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSIENT FLOW
IN ANISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS, LAYERED AQUIFER
SYSTEMS. •
completion date: JUN 1983
last update date: MAY 1984
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -STORAGE IN
CONFINING LAYER -DELAYED YIELD FROM STORAGE
-ANISOTROPIC -HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING
AQUIFERS -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS IN TIME
(CONFINED-UNCONFINED) -CHANGING AQUIFER CONDITIONS
IN SPACE (CONFINED-UNCONFINED)
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
surface flow
characteristics:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CHANGING HEADS OR
PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -CHANGING FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE -DRAINAGE
-TIME VARIABILITY OF SURFACE WATER STAGE -SPRINGS
-LAKES -RIVERS -PONDS
C-176
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fluid conditions:
model processes:
other model
characteristics:
equations solved:
-HOMOGENEOUS
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
-METRIC UNITS -WATER BALANCE
-DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY IN THREE-DIMENSIONS
MODEL INPUT
area! values:
-ELEVATION OF LAND SURFACE -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER BOTTOMS -THICKNESS OF
AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER BOTTOMS
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY
-STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER -HYDRAULIC
RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED
-HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PRECIPITATION RATES
-EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND
WATER RECHARGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME
INCREMENTS -ERROR CRITERIA -LEAKAGE RATES
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -ALL INPUT -FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
-2D HORIZONTAL -20 VERTICAL -3D
-PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -THREE-DIMENSIONAL
number of nodes: -VARIABLE 10,000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -LINE SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION -STRONGLY
IMPLICIT PROCEDURE -SLICE SUCCESSIVE OVER
RELAXATION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM PC/XT/AT, VAX 11/780
core storage: 512K
C-177
-------
PROGRAM INFORMATION - -
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; USER INSTRUCTIONS AND PROG. CODE
PUBLISHED IN REF #1.
available code form: MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: $120 from IGWMC
MODEL EVALUATION
USABILITY
-preprocessor: YES
-postprocessor: YES
-user's instructions:
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency:
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
YES -coding: YES
-verified: YES
NO -field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
THE CODE IS AVAILABLE FROM THE U.S.G.S. ON TAPE.
CONTACT MICHAEL MCDONALD (SEE CONTACT ADDRESS). THE
DOCUMENTATION (PAPER COPY $69.75, MICROFICHE $3.50) IS
AVAILABLE FROM:
OPEN-FILE SERVICE SECTION
BRANCH OF DISTRIBUTION
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
BOX 25425, FEDERAL CENTER
DENVER, CO 80225
02 THE DOCUMENTATION IS ALSO AVAILABLE FROM:
SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS CO.
P.O. BOX 23041
WASHINGTON D.C. 20026-3041
PHONE: 703/522-4601
(PAPER COPY OF REPT. $39)
03 WAGNER, HEINDEL, AND NOYES INC. HAS IMPLEMENTED THIS THREE-
DIMENSIONAL, FINITE-DIFFERENCE GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL ON A
HEWLETT-PACKARD MICROCOMPUTER (SERIES 200). THOSE INTERESTED
IN THE MODEL MODIFICATION NECESSARY FOR MICROCOMPUTER USE AS
DEVELOPED HERE MAY CONTACT JEFFREY E. NOYES, GEOLOGIST, WAGNER,
AND NOYES, INC., 285 NORTH ST., BURLINGTON, VERMONT 05401
(802-658-0820).
04 MAINFRAME AND IBM PC VERSION AVAILABLE FROM IGWMC.
05 POSTPROCESSORS AVAILABLE FROM SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS CO.
GEOTRANS, INC., HERNDON, VA.; AND DPMS, INC., KIRKLAND, WA
C-178
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REFERENCES -- - - —
01 MCDONALD, M.G. AND A.M. HARBAUGH. 1983. A MODULAR
THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE-DIFFERENCE GROUND-WATER
MODEL. OPEN-FILE REPORT 83-875, U.S. GEOLOGICAL
SURVEY, RESTON, VA.
C-179
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MODEL TEAM - - -
author name(s): KOLTERMAN, C.R.
address: WATER RESOURCES CENTER
DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM
RENO, NEVADA
IGWMC key= 4070
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: KOLTERMAN, C.R.
address: WATER RESOURCES CENTER
DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM
RENO, NEVADA
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: GWUSER/CONJUN
model purpose:
A COMBINED SIMULATION-OPTIMIZATION MODEL TO DETERMINE
OPTIMAL PUMPING LOCATIONS AND RATES FOR CONFINED
AQUIFER WITH OR WITHOUT ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE OR FOR
CONJUNCTIVE USE OF AQUIFER-STREAM SYSTEM. THE MODEL
USES A FINITE DIFFERENCE SIMULATOR.
completion date: NOV 1983
last update date: NOV 1983
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS-
aquifer conditions:
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
surface flow
characteristics:
-CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
-HETEROGENEOUS
-UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -UNKNOWN WELL DISCHARGE
-TIME VARIABILITY OF SURFACE WATER STAGE -WATER
BALANCE OF SURFACE WATER INCLUDED -RIVERS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics:
-ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS -OPTIMIZATION
-CONJUNCTIVE USE -MANAGEMENT DECISIONS -WATER
BALANCE
C-180
-------
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW -CONTINUITY (GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE
WATER) -OBJECT FUNCTIONS: 1. MAXIMIZATION
HYDRAULIC HEAD 2. MAXIMIZATION TOTAL WATER SUPPLY
3. MINIMIZATION AUGMENTATION AND RECHARGE 4.
MAXIMIZATION SUPPLY WHILE MINIMIZING WATER TRANSFER
MODEL INPUT
area! values: -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -ELEVATION OF SURFACE WATER
BOTTOMS -TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN RIVER BED AND LAKE BED
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -GROUND WATER
RECHARGE RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -OBJECTIVES -CONSTRAINTS
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PUMPAGE RATES -WATER
BALANCES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone > -2D HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 10 TO 1000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE -LINEARING PROGRAMMING
equation solving
technique: -PRIMAL SIMPLEX METHOD
COMPUTERS USED —
make and model: CDC CYBER 730
core storage: 262K
other requirements: XMP LINEAR PROGRAMMING PACKAGE (SEE REMARK #1)
C-181
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PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: FORTRAN IV
available code form: PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: UNKNOWN -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: YES -field validation: UNKNOWN
-support: YES -model users: UNKNOWN
REMARKS
01 THE MODELS GWUSER FOR AQUIFER ALONE AND CONJUN FOR AQUIFER
STREAM SYSTEMS PREPARE THE DATA INPUT (OBJECTIVE FUNCTIONS,
CONSTRAINTS) FOR THE XMP PACKAGE (EXPERIMENTAL MATHEMATICAL
PROGRAM). THE USED XMP PROGRAM RESIDES ON A CDC CYBER 730
COMPUTER. (SEE REF. #2)
REFERENCES
01 KOLTERMAN, C.R. 1983. AN LP EMBEDDED SIMULATION MODEL FOR
CONJUNCTIVE USE MANAGEMENT OPTIMIZATION. PUBL. 41091,
WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE,
UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYST., RENO, NEVADA, 134 P.
02 MARSTEN, R. 1981. THE DESIGN OF THE XMP LINEAR PROGRAMMING
LIBRARY. ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE.
VOL. 7(4), P. 481-497.
C-182
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MODEL TEAM
author name(s): TRAVIS B.J.
IGWMC key= 4270
address: LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES DIVISION, MSS-F665
LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: TRAVIS, B.O.
address: LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES DIVISION, MS-F665
LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: TRACR3D
model purpose: A THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE-DIFFERENCE MODEL OF
TRANSIENT TWO-PHASE FLOW AND MULTICOMPONENT TRANS-
PORT IN DEFORMABLE, HETEROGENEOUS, REACTIVE POROUS/
FRACTURED MEDIA.
completion date: MAY 1984
last update date: MAY 1984
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS-
aquifer conditions:
flow conditions:
boundary conditions:
fluid conditions:
model processes:
-CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
-HETEROGENEOUS -DISCRETE FRACTURES -AQUIFER SYSTEM
DEFORMATION
-STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED
-LAMINAR
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX
-CHANGING FLUX -NO FLOW
-HOMOGENEOUS
-DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION -DECAY
-ADVECTION
MODEL INPUT -
areal values:
-PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-DIFFUSIVITY -DISPERSIVITY -FLUID DENSITY -DECAY
RATE
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
C-183
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Others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE
LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -SOIL PROPERTIES
MODEL OUTPUT-
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -VELOCITIES
-PERMEABILITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -CONCENTRATIONS
OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL-—
shape of cell:
spatial
characteristics:
< saturated zone >
-SQUARE -RECTANGULAR
-3D -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL, CARTESIAN
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: CDC 7600, CRAY-1, VAX, CRAY-XMP
PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: FORTRAN 77
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: YES
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: UNKNOWN
-coding: UNKNOWN
-verified: YES
-field validation: UNKNOWN
-model users: FEW
REFERENCES —
01 TRAVIS, B. 1984. TRACR3D: A MODEL OF FLOW AND TRANSPORT IN
POROUS/FRACTURED MEDIA, LA-9667-MS. LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL
LABORATORY, LOS ALAMOS, NM.
C-184
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IGWMC key= 6022
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): VAN DER HEIJDE, P.K.M.
address: INTERNATIONAL GROUND WATER MODELING CENTER
HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE
BUTLER UNIVERSITY
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 46208
phone: 317/283-9458
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: VAN DER HEIJDE, P.K.M.
address: INTERNATIONAL GROUND WATER MODELING CENTER
HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE
BUTLER UNIVERSITY
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 46208
phone: 317/283-9458
MODEL IDENTIFICATION--
model name: THWELLS
model purpose: TO CALCULATE HEAD DRAWDOWN OR BUILDUP CAUSED BY
MULTIPLE WELLS IN AN ISOTROPIC, HOMOGENEOUS,
NONLEAKY, CONFINED AQUIFER.
completion date: NOV 1982
last update date: JAN 1987
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
flow conditions: -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE
-VARIABLE PUMPAGE -BOUNDARY CONDITION IMAGE WELLS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -THEIS EQUATION
C-185
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MODEL INPUT -
area! values: -TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
boundary values: -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -GRID INTERVALS
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -NONE
< saturated zone > -20 HORIZONTAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 1000
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -ANALYTICAL METHOD
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM PC/XT/AT
core storage: 256K
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 1000
language: MICROSOFT BASIC
available code form: PRINTED LISTING -DISKETTE
cost: $50 from IGWMC
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: YES -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: YES -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: YES
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: YES -field validation: YES
-support: YES -model users: MANY
C-186
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REFERENCES .-
01 VAN DER HEIJDE, P.K.M. 1987. THWELLS, A BASIC PROGRAM TO
CALCULATE HEAD DRAWDOWN OR BUILDUP CAUSED BY MULTIPLE WELLS
IN AN ISOTROPIC, HETEROGENEOUS, NONLEAKY, CONFINED AQUIFER.
IGWMC-PLUTO 6022, HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE, BUTLER
UNIVERSITY, INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.
C-187
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MODEL TEAM
author name(s): RUSHTON, K.R.
IGWMC key= 6062
address: DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM
P.O. BOX 363
BIRMINGHAM, B15 2TT
UNITED KINGDOM
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: RUSHTON, K.R.
address: DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM
P.O. BOX 363
BIRMINGHAM, B15 2TT
UNITED KINGDOM
MODEL IDENTIFICATION —
model name: RADIAL
model purpose: A FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
HEADS DUE TO RADIAL FLOW TOWARDS A WELL AND SIMULA-
TION OF FLOW IN VICINITY OF THE WELL.
completion date: 1979
last update date: 1979
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS-
aquifer conditions:
-CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -STORAGE IN
CONFINING LAYER -DELAYED YIELD FROM STORAGE
-ISOTROPIC -ANISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
-HETEROGENEOUS -MANY OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions:
-CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -HEAD
DEPENDENT FLUX -NO FLOW -SEEPAGE SURFACE -MOVABLE
EXTERNAL BOUNDARY -INFILTRATION -WELLS -WELL
CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS -CALIBRATION
equations solved: -DARCY'S LAW AND CONTINUITY IN R-Z PLANE
C-188
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MODEL INPUT
areal values:
-ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER
BOTTOMS -HEADS OR PRESSURES -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC
YIELD
-PRECIPITATION RATES -EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES
-PUMPAGE RATES
-GRID INTERVALS -NODE LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES
-TIME STEP SEQUENCE -WELL CHARACTERISTICS
boundary values:
others:
MODEL OUTPUT
-HEADS -FLUXES
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -CYLINDRICAL -LOGARITHMIC
< saturated zone > -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -AXIAL SYMMETRY -VARIABLE SIZE GRID
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 1000
TECHNIQUES -
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -GAUSS ELIMINATION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: D.G. NOVA 210, IBM-PC/XT/AT
core storage: 64K FOR 200 NODES
PROGRAM INFORMATION- -
no. of statements: 100
language: FORTRAN IV,BASIC
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; CONTACT IGWMC
cost: $35 from IGWMC
C-189
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: YES
-postprocessor: NO
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REMARKS-
01
IBM-PC VERSION AVAILABLE FROM IGWMC
REFERENCES
01 RUSHTON, K.R. AND S.C. REDSHAW. 1979. SEEPAGE AND
GROUNDWATER FLOW. WILEY, CHICHESTER, UNITED KINGDOM 332 PP.
02 RUSHTON, K.R. AND Y.K. CHAN. 1977. NUMERICAL PUMPING
TEST ANALYSIS IN UNCONFINED AQUIFERS. J. IRR. AND DRGE.
DIV., ASCE, VOL. 103.
03 RUSHTON, K.R. AND Y.K. CHAN. 1976. PUMPING TEST ANALYSIS
WHEN PARAMETERS VARY WITH DEPTH. GROUNDWATER, VOL. 14(2)
PP. 82-87.
04 RUSHTON, K.R. 1978. ESTIMATING TRANSMISSIVITY AND
STORAGE COEFFICIENT FROM ABSTRACTION WELL DATA.
GROUNDWATER, VOL. 16, PP. 81-85.
05 STRELTSOVA, T.D. AND K.R. RUSHTON. 1973. WATER TABLE
DRAWDOWN DUE TO A PUMPED WELL IN AN UNCONFINED AQUIFER.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 9(1), PP. 236-242.
C-190
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IGWMC key= 6120
MODEL TEAM - —
author name(s): YEH, G.T.
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
phone: 615/574-7285
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: YEH, G.T.
address: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
OAK RIDGE, TN 37830
phone: 615/574-7285
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: AT123D
model purpose: AN ANALYTICAL 1, 2, OR 3-D SIMULATION OF SOLUTE
TRANSPORT IN A HOMOGENEOUS, ANISOTROPIC AQUIFER,
WITH DECAY AND RETARDATION FROM A VARIETY OF
SOURCES.
completion date: MAR 1981
last update date: MAR 1981
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -ISOTROPIC -ANISOTROPIC
-HOMOGENEOUS
flow conditions: -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -POINT SOURCE -LINE SOURCE -AREA SOURCE
-VOLUME SOURCE.
fluid conditions: -HETEROGENEOUS -CONTAMINANTS, POLLUTANTS,
LEACHATE -SULFATES -NITROGEN -RADIOACTIVE
-TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT
model processes: -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION
-ION EXCHANGE -DECAY -VOLATILIZATION
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
C-191
-------
equations solved: -CONVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE TRANSPORT EQUATION WITH
RETARDATION, RADIOACTIVE DECAY, AND HEAT EXCHANGE
BETWEEN WATER AND ROCK MATRIX.
MODEL INPUT -
areal values: -PERMEABILITY -POROSITY -DISPERSIVITY -SPECIFIC
WEIGHT -DECAY RATE
others: -INSTANTANEOUS, CONTINUOUS AND FINITE DURATION
SOURCE RELEASE -SOURCE LOCATION -DISTRIBUTION
COEFFICIENT -VELOCITY FIELD
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS -RADIATION
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
< saturated zone > -ID HORIZONTAL -20 HORIZONTAL -2D VERTICAL -3D
grid orientation
and sizing: -CROSS SECTIONAL OR VERTICAL VIEW -
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -ANALYTICAL METHOD
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM-PC/XT/AT
core storage: 256K
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 700
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; CONTACT IGWMC
cost: $95 from IGWMC
C-192
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: GENERIC -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: YES
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: LIMITED
-support: YES -model users: MANY
REFERENCES -
01 YEH, G.T. 1981. AT 123D: ANALYTICAL TRANSIENT ONE-, TWO-, OR
THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION OF WASTE TRANSPORT IN THE AQUIFER
SYSTEM. ORNL-5602, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN.
02 GENERAL SOFTWARE CORP. 1984. AT123D EXECUTION USING THE
DATA MANAGEMENT SUPPORTING SYSTEMS AT123DIN AND AT123DOUT.
USERS GUIDE (DRAFT). WASHINGTON, DC: ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AGENCY. CONTRACT 68023970.
C-193
-------
IGWMC key= 6220
MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): VAN GENUCHTEN, M.TH. AND W.J. ALVES
address: U.S. SALINITY LABORATORY
4500 GLENWOOD DRIVE
RIVERSIDE, CA 92501
phone: 714/683-0172
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: VAN GENUCHTEN, M.TH.
address: U.S. SALINITY LABORATORY
4500 GLENWOOD DRIVE
RIVERSIDE, CA 92501
phone: 714/683-0172
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: ONE-D
model purpose: ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR CONVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE
TRANSPORT OF A SOLUTE WITH LINEAR ADSORPTION IN A
STEADY-STATE FLOW FIELD IN A SEMI-INFINITE ISOTROPIC,
HOMOGENEOUS AQUIFER
completion date: 1982
last update date: 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT FLUX -FIRST AND SECOND TYPE BOUNDARY
CONDITION FOR SOLUTE -SEMI INFINITE EXTENT
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CONVECTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION -ADSORPTION
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE TRANSPORT
EQUATION WITH LINEAR ADSPRPION
C-194
-------
MODEL INPUT — -
areal values: -POROSITY -DISPERSIVITY -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values:
others: -RETARDATION COEFFICIENT -VELOCITY -CONCENTRATION
BOUNDARY CONDITION
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -NONE
< saturated zone > -ID HORIZONTAL -ID VERTICAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -ANALYTICAL METHOD
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM-PC/XT/AT
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 100
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; CONTACT IGWMC
user's manual: PROGRAM LISTED IN REF. #1
available code form: PRINTED LISTING
COST: $95 FROM IGWMC
C-195
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: NO
-postprocessor: NO
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REFERENCES
01 VAN GENUCHTEN, M.TH. AND W.J. ALVES. 1982. ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS
OF THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE SOLUTE
TRANSPORT EQUATION. TECHN. BULL. NO. 1661, U.S. DEPT OF
AGRICULTURE, RIVERSIDE, CA. 151 P.
C-196
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IGWMC key= 6305
MODEL TEAM— --
author name(s): KOCH, D.
address: KOCH & ASSOCIATES
2921 GREENWAY DR.
ELLICOTT CITY, MO 21043
phone: 301/461-6869
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: KOCH, D.
address: KOCH & ASSOCIATES
2921 GREENWAY DR.
ELLICOTT CITY, MD 21043
phone: 301/461-6869
MODEL IDENTIFICATION - —
model name: AQUIFER4
model purpose: A RADIAL FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL TO SIMULATE
TRANSIENT THREE-DIMENSIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW
IN A LEAKY-CONFINED AQUIFER.
last update date: MAR 1984
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS —
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -LEAKY -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
-HETEROGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -WELLS -WELL CHARACTERISTICS -CONSTANT
PUMPAGE -VARIABLE PUMPAGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS
MODEL INPUT
areal values: -ELEVATION OF AQUIFER TOPS -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER
-PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN CONFINING LAYER
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
C-197
-------
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -TIME
STEP SEQUENCE -INITIAL TIME STEP -LEAKAGE RATES
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -DRAWDOWNS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -CYLINDRICAL
< saturated zone > -3D -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -AXIAL SYMMETRY
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE
equation solving
technique: -LINE SUCCESSIVE OVER RELAXATION -ALTERNATING
DIRECTION
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: TRS-80-I/III/IV, IBM PC/XT/AT, APPLE-II, CP/M-80
COMPUTERS
core storage: 64K
PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: MICROSOFT BASIC
available code form: DISKETTE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: UNKNOWN
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: UNKNOWN -theory: UNKNOWN
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: UNKNOWN
-support: YES -model users: UNKNOWN
C-198
-------
REMARKS
01 A PRE-PROCESSOR SETUP4 ENABLES THE USER TO PREPARE INPUT
DATA FILES FOR THE SIMULATION MODEL.
02 THE MODEL HAS A RESTART OPTION USING RESULTS OF PREVIOUS
SIMULATIONS.
C-199
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IGWMC key= 6340
MODEL TEAM —
author name(s): INTERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
address: 11999 KATY FREEWAY
SUITE 610
HOUSTON, TX 77079
phone: 614/424-4326 (5472)
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: CODE CUSTODIAN
address: BATTELLE PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIVISION
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT DEPT.
OFFICE OF NUCLEAR WASTE ISOLATION
505 KING AVENUE
COLUMBUS, OHIO 43201
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: VERTPAK-1
model purpose: A PACKAGE OF ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS ASSEMBLED TO
ASSIST IN VERIFICATION OF NUMERICAL CODES USED TO
SIMULATE FLUID FLOW, ROCK DEFORMATION, AND SOLUTE
TRANSPORT IN FRACTURED AND UNFRACTURED POROUS
MEDIA.
completion date: AUG 1982
last update date: AUG 1982
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS -DISCRETE
FRACTURES -DUAL POROSITY FRACTURE SYSTEM -AQUIFER
SYSTEM DEFORMATION -AQUIFER COMPACTION
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX
-WELLS -CONSTANT PUMPAGE -SEMI-INFINITE AQUIFER
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CONVECTION -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -DIFFUSION
-DECAY -RETARDATION -ADVECTION
other model
characteristics: -METRIC UNITS
C-200
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MODEL INPUT -
areal values: -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -PERMEABILITY
-TRANSMISSIVITY -POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT
-DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY -THERMAL
CAPACITY -SPECIFIC HEAT -FLUID DENSITY -SPECIFIC
WEIGHT -DECAY RATE -INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES
others: -SOLUTE FLUX -TEMPERATURES
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES -VELOCITIES
-TEMPERATURE -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL -
shape of cell: -NONE
< saturated zone > -ID HORIZONTAL -ID VERTICAL -2D HORIZONTAL -2D
VERTICAL -CYLINDRICAL OR RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -CROSS SECTIONAL OR
VERTICAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY
TECHNIQUES -
basic modeling
technique: -ANALYTICAL METHOD
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: CYBER 176
core storage: 22K
PROGRAM INFORMATION
no. of statements: 3900
language: FORTRAN IV
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; -CODE AND USER'S MANUAL PUBLISHED
IN REF. II.
available code form: MAGNETIC TAPE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: < $100
C-201
-------
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY RELIABILITY
-preprocessor: NO -peer reviewed
-postprocessor: NO -theory: YES
-user's instructions: YES -coding: UNKNOWN
-sample problems: YES -verified: YES
-hardware dependency: NO -field validation: YES
-support: YES -model users: UNKNOWN
REMARKS
01 VERTPAK-1 CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS:
BAREN: A ANALYTICAL SOLUTION DEVELOPED BY BARENBLATT,
ZHELTOV AND KOCHINA (1960) FOR DESCRIBING TRANSIENT FLOW TO
A WELL PENETRATING A (DOUBLE POROSITY) CONFINED AQUIFER.
GIBMAC: AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION DEVELOPED BY MCNAMEE AND
GIBSON (1960) FOR DESCRIBING CONSOLIDATION OF A SEMI-
INFINITE SOIL MEDIUM SUBJECT TO A STRIP (PLANE STRAIN) OR
CYLINDRICAL (AXISYMMETRIC) LOADING.
GRINRH: AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION DEVELOPED BY GRINGARTEN
(1971) FOR DESCRIBING TRANSIENT FLOW TO A PARTIALLY
PENETRATING WELL IN A CONFINED AQUIFER CONTAINING A SINGLE
HORIZONTAL FRACTURE.
GRINRV: AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION DEVELOPED BY GRINGARTEN,
RAMEY AND RAGHAVAN (1974) FOR DESCRIBING TRANSIENT FLOW TO
A FULLY PENETRATING WELL IN A CONFINED AQUIFER CONTAINING A
SINGLE VERTICAL FRACTURE.
HART: AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION GIVEN BY NOWACKI (1962) AND
IMPLEMENTED BY HART (1981) FOR DESCRIBING THE ELASTIC
BEHAVIOR OF AN INFINITE SOLID SUBJECT TO A LINE HEAT
SOURCE.
LESTER: AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION PRESENTED BY LESTER, JANSEN
AND BURKHOLDER (1975) FOR DESCRIBING ONE-DIMENSIONAL TRANS-
PORT OF RADIONUCLIDE CHAINS THROUGH AN ADSORBING MEDIUM.
STRELT: AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION PRESENTED BY STRELTSOVA-ADAMS
(1978) FOR DESCRIBING TRANSIENT FLOW TO A FULLY PENETRATING
UELL IN A (DOUBLE POROSITY) CONFINED AQUIFER.
TANG: AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION DEVELOPED BY TANG, FRIND AND
SUDICKY (1981) FOR DESCRIBING SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN A POROUS
MEDIUM CONTAINING A SINGLE FRACTURE.
REFERENCES-
01 INTERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS 1983. VERTPAK-1: PACKAGE OF
ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR CODE VERIFICATION. ONWI-451, OFF. OF
NUCLEAR WASTE ISOLATION, BATTELLE, COLUMBUS, OHIO.
C-202
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IGWMC key= 6350
MODEL TEAM
author name(s): WALTON, W.C.
address: RR 15, BOX 131
MAHAMET, ILLINOIS 61853
phone: 217/586-4285
CONTACT ADDRESS
contact person: VAN DER HEIJDE, P.K.M.
address: INTERNATIONAL GROUND WATER MODELING CENTER
HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE
BUTLER UNIVERSITY
INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46208
phone: 317/283-9458
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: 35 MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAMS
model purpose: A SERIES OF ANALYTICAL AND SIMPLE NUMERICAL
PROGRAMS TO ANALYZE FLOW AND TRANSPORT OF SOLUTES
AND HEAT IN CONFINED, LEAKY OR WATER TABLE AQUIFERS
WITH SIMPLE GEOMETRY.
completion date: APR 1984
last update date: MAR 1985
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS—
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -WATER TABLE -LEAKY -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
-HETEROGENEOUS -TWO OVERLYING AQUIFERS
flow conditions: -STEADY -UNSTEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE -WELLS -CONSTANT
PUMPAGE -POLLUTION SOURCES/SINKS
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -CONDUCTION -DISPERSION -ADVECTION -RETARDATION
other model
Characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS
C-203
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MODEL INPUT - - - —
area! values: -THICKNESS OF AQUIFER -PERMEABILITY -TRANSMISSIVITY
-POROSITY -STORAGE COEFFICIENT -SPECIFIC YIELD
-DISPERSIVITY -THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY -TEMPERATURE
-INITIAL QUALITY
boundary values: -FLUXES -PUMPAGE RATES -GROUND WATER RECHARGE RATES
MODEL OUTPUT- - -
tables: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -TEMPERATURE -CONCENTRATIONS
OF WATER CONSTITUENTS -DRAWDOWNS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL - - —
shape of cell: -SQUARE -RECTANGULAR -NONE
< saturated zone > -ID HORIZONTAL -20 HORIZONTAL -3D -CYLINDRICAL OR
RADIAL
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 100 TO 1000
TECHNIQUES - —
basic modeling
technique: -FINITE DIFFERENCE -ANALYTICAL METHOD
equation solving
technique: -ITERATIVE ALTERNATING DIRECTION -IMPLICIT
-RANDOM WALK
COMPUTERS USED --
make and model: IBM PC/XT/AT, TRS 80-111
core storage: 64K
PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: MICROSOFT BASIC
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; TRS-80 VERSION FROM W.C. WALTON, OTHER
VERSIONS FROM IGWMC
available code form: DISKETTE -PRINTED LISTING
cost: $70 from IGWMC
C-204
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MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: DEDICATED
-postprocessor: NO
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: NO
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REFERENCES —
01 WALTON, W.C. 1984. 35 BASIC GROUNDWATER MODEL PROGRAMS FOR
DESKTOP MICROCOMPUTERS. GWMI 84-06/4, INTERNATIONAL GROUND
WATER MODELING CENTER, HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE, BUTLER
UNIVERSITY, INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46208.
C-205
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IGWMC key= 6380
MODEL TEAM -
author name(s): BELJIN, M.S.
address: HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE
BUTLER UNIVERSITY
4600 SUNSET AVE.
INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46208
phone: 317/283-9458
CONTACT ADDRESS -
contact person: BELJIN, M.S.
address: HOLCOMB RESEARCH INSTITUTE
BUTLER UNIVERSITY
4600 SUNSET AVE.
INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46208
phone: 317/283-9458
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: SOLUTE
model purpose: A PACKAGE OF 8 ANALYTICAL MODELS FOR SOLUTE
TRANSPORT SIMULATION IN GROUNDWATER. THE
PACKAGE ALSO INCLUDES PROGRAMS FOR UNIT
CONVERSION AND ERROR FUNCTION CALCULATION.
completion date: JAN 1985
last update date: JAN 1985
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS— -
aquifer conditions: -CONFINED -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS
flow conditions: -STEADY -SATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -DISPERSION -ADSORPTION -DECAY -ADVECTION
other model
characteristics: -ENGLISH UNITS -METRIC UNITS
equations solved: -ADVECTION-DISPERSION EQUATION
C-206
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MODEL INPUT
area! values: -POROSITY -DISPERSIVITY -DECAY RATE
boundary values: -HEADS OR PRESSURES -FLUXES
others: -GRID INTERVALS -NUMBER OF NODES OR CELLS -NODE
LOCATIONS OR COORDINATES -TIME STEP SEQUENCE
-INITIAL TIME STEP -NUMBER OF TIME INCREMENTS
MODEL OUTPUT
tables: -AQUIFER GEOMETRY -VELOCITIES -DISPERSIVITY
plotted graphics:
-CONCENTRATIONS
GEOMETRY OF MODEL
shape of cell: -RECTANGULAR -LINEAR
< saturated zone > -ID HORIZONTAL -2D HORIZONTAL -3D
grid orientation
and sizing: -PLAN OR HORIZONTAL VIEW -AXIAL SYMMETRY
number of nodes: -RANGES FROM 10 TO 100
TECHNIQUES
basic modeling
technique: -ANALYTICAL METHOD
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM-PC/XT/AT
core storage: 64K
PROGRAM INFORMATION
language: MICROSOFT BASIC
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: PUBLIC DOMAIN; AVAILABLE FROM IGWMC
available code form: DISKETTE
cost: $70
MODEL EVALUATION-
C-207
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USABILITY
-preprocessor: YES
-postprocessor: YES
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: YES
-model users: MANY
REFERENCES
01 BELJIN, M.S.. 1985. A PROGRAM PACKAGE OF ANALYTICAL MODELS FOR
SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN GROUNDWATER "SOLUTE". BASIS, INTERNATIONAL
GROUND WATER MODELING CENTER, HOLCOMB RES. INST., BUTLER
UNIV., INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, 163 P.
C-208
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IGWMC key= 6390
MODEL TEAM—
author name(s): STEENHUIS, T. AND S. PACENKA
address: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND
CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
ITHACA, N.Y. 14853
CONTACT ADDRESS - — -
contact person: SOLAT, PAULA
address: NORTHEAST REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING SERVICE
RILEY-ROBB HALL
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
ITHACA, N.Y. 14853
phone: 607/255-7654
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
model name: MOUSE
model purpose: A SET OF FOUR LINKED ANALYTICAL MODELS FOR TRACKING
THE MOVEMENT AND FATE OF A SOLUBLE CHEMICAL
IN SATURATED AND UNSATURATED ZONES.
completion date: SEP 1983
last update date: MAY 1987
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
aquifer conditions: -WATER TABLE -ISOTROPIC -HOMOGENEOUS (SOIL)
flow conditions: -STEADY -SATURATED -UNSATURATED -LAMINAR
boundary conditions: -CONSTANT HEADS OR PRESSURES -CONSTANT FLUX -NO
FLOW -INFILTRATION -GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
fluid conditions: -HOMOGENEOUS
model processes: -ADSORPTION -ION EXCHANGE -DECAY -REACTIONS
-BIODEGRADATION -ADVECTION
MODEL OUTPUT --
tables: -CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER CONSTITUENTS
C-209
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GEOMETRY OF MODEL
< saturated zone >
grid orientation
and sizing:
-20 VERTICAL
-ID VERTICAL
-CROSS SECTIONAL OR VERTICAL VIEW
TECHNIQUES -
Basic Modeling
Technique: -ANALYTICAL METHOD
COMPUTERS USED
make and model: IBM PC/XT/AT
core storage: 256K
mass storage: 1-DISK DRIVE
peripherals: COLOR GRAPHIC ADAPTER CARD
other requirements: OPTIONAL 8087 COPROCESSOR, OPTIONAL PRINTER
PROGRAM INFORMATION -
language: PASCAL
terms of avail-
ability of code and
user's manual: COMPILED VERSION ONLY.
FOR INSPECTION
available code form: DISKETTE
cost: UNKNOWN
SOURCE CODE AVAILABLE
MODEL EVALUATION-
USABILITY
-preprocessor: YES
-postprocessor: YES
-user's instructions: YES
-sample problems: YES
-hardware dependency: YES
-support: YES
RELIABILITY
-peer reviewed
-theory: YES
-coding: YES
-verified: YES
-field validation: LIMITED
-model users: FEW
C-210
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REMARKS - -
01 THE MOUSE PROGRAM INCLUDES THE USE OF COLOR AND GRAPHIC
DISPLAYS. IT HAS INTERACTIVE DATA ENTRY AND EDITING
THROUGH THE USE OF FULL SCREEN EDITING FACILITIES.
02 THE PROGRAM CONTAINS FOUR LINKED SUBMODELS:
1. GENERATE SYNTHETIC DAILY CLIMATE PATTERNS BASED ON
HISTORICAL MONTHLY CLIMATE STATISTICS
2. CALCULATE MOISTURE CONTENT AND FLUXES IN THE UN-
SATURATED ZONE
3. SIMULATE DEGRADATION AND MOVEMENT OF CHEMICALS
WITHIN THE UNSATURATED ZONE
4. SIMULATE THE WATER MOVEMENT AND SOLUTE MOVEMENT AND
DEGRADATION IN A VERTICAL TWO-DIMENSIONAL CROSS
SECTION OF AN UNCONFINED AQUIFER
C-211
*U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFF ICE t1989-617-OQ3i84326