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APR. 29.1997
                       Document is available to the public
                       in limited quantities from EPA,
                       Forms and Publications Center,
                       Grand Slam Bldg., Page Road, Interstate 40,
                       Durham, North Carolina and from
                       National Technical Information Service,
                       Springfield, Virginia.

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EPA-906/9-76-002
                       ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE ASSESSMENT



                              LAWTON, OKLAHOMA







                                   APRIL 1976








                               Robert M. LaBreche



                                Michael L. Mendias
                                   Prepared for



                                  City of Lawton



                             Lawton, Oklahoma  73501
                                In Cooperation With



                                U.S. EPA, Region VI




                        Air and Hazardous Materials Division



                                Dallas, Texas  75270
                                  .l-  10007

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             DISCLAIMER STATEMENT

   This report has been reviewed by Region VI, EPA,
    and approved for publication.  Approval does not
 signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views
 and policies of the Environmental Protection Agency,
nor does mention of trade names or commercial products
  constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

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                 PREFACE








This report presents a methodology which



communities can use to adequately assess local



environmental noise simply and inexpensively.



The methodology is a refinement of that reported



and validated in Environmental Noise Assessment-



Waco, Texas Metropolitan Area (U.S. EPA, Region VI,



April 5, 1974).  It involves only simple instruments



available on loan from EPA and can be conducted



successfully by personnel inexperienced in noise



measurements.
                    IV

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                           TABLE OF CONTENTS


                                                                       Page

I.    Introduction	 1

II.   Conclusions and Recommendations	 3

III.   Discussion	 5

IV.   Appendices

     A.   Appendix A

          I.     Site Descriptions and Noise Data Summaries	 A - I
          2.    Intrusive Noise Source Data Summary.	  A -80

     B.   Appendix B

          I.    Description of the City of Lawton, Oklahoma	  B - 2

     C.   Appendix C

          I.     Operator's Instruction Sheet	   C - 2
          2.    Operator's Check List	  C - 7
          3.    Operator's Work Schedules...	  C - 8
          4.    Supervisor's and Clerk's Instruction Sheet	   C -I I

     D.   Appendix D

          I.     Data Analysis Computer Program	   D - 5
          2.    Sample print out	   D -13

     E.   Appendix E

          I.     Weather Statistics	   E - 2
          2.    Artillery Firing Schedule	    E -I I

V.   Glossary of Terms	 Glossary

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                              INTRODUCTION




     This community noise assessment resulted from a request of the Mayor of



Lawton,  Oklahoma,  to  the  Regional  Administrator  of the U.S. Environmental



Protection Agency dated February 28, 1975.  He requested technical assistance to



conduct a noise study for  the area north  of  the Lawton Municipal Airfield.  This



request was  subsequently expanded  to  encompass the entire community  after



consultation between Lawton and the EPA.




     The EPA  is  authorized  to  provide  such  technical  assistance  to  local



governments by Section  14 of the Noise Control Act of 1972 (Public Law 92-574) as



part of its broad mission to promote an environment for all Americans free from



noise that jeopardizes their health or welfare.



     Interest  in a  local noise  assessment in Lawton was  the result of several



recent  actions by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development based



upon predicted noise levels  in the community.   Some of these actions had



potentially adverse effects upon the City of Lawton.  Thus, one purpose of this



assessment was to document actual noise levels in the city.



The specific objectives of this assessment were:



     a.   To determine by actual measurement if there was a noise problem



          in the area north of the Lawton Municipal Airfield.



     b.   To determine if there was a noise problem in other areas of the



          city.



     c.   To provide the City Council with information for  their evaluation



          of the need for noise control measures.



     d.   To provide the Lawton Metropolitan Area Planning Commission with



          environmental data for use in land use planning.

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     e.    To provide a  basis of appeal, where appropriate, from restrictions



           imposed by other agencies based on theoretical studies.



     f.    To assist the public in understanding the sources of environmental



           noise, its proper measurement, its effect and noise control possibilities.



     g.    To train City employees in noise monitoring techniques.



     h.    To establish a base for comparison with future studies.



     The assessment was conducted during the summer of 1975, primarily between



June 20 and 23. The EPA provided training and equipment for the assessment.  The



City of  Lawton Planning  Department provided  administration,  and  obtained



needed personnel from other city departments and a summer youth hire program.



     Portions of Lawton  are subjected to impulsive sounds caused by artillery



firing at Fort Sill adjacent to the City. Since measuring the level and assessing



the  effects of  such  impulsive  sounds  require  instruments  and  procedures



incompatible with the requirements for more conventional sounds, no measures of



artillery noise levels are included  in this report.  Where artillery noise was noted



by the operators of noise  monitoring stations, only the number of loud discharges



heard is reported. This gives some indication of the significance of artillery noise



at that location.

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            CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS



The environmental noise data collected in this assessment indicate that:



I.    Few locations within the City of Lawton are presently



     adversely impacted by noise.



          This can be preserved and enhanced as the city grows by careful



          land use planning and the establishment of effective controls



          for significant sources of environmental noise.



2.    There are probable adverse noise impacts immediately north of the



     Lawton Municipal Airport  and immediately south of the Fort Sill



     Airfield.



          A more extensive assessment should be made for these areas



          including more rigorous measures of environmental noise; exploration



          of potential controls on aircraft noise; and consideration of



          other factors such as safety, costs, compatible land use and



          community objectives.



3.    Small planes, automobiles, and helicopters are the most prevalent



     sources of obtrusive noise  in Lawton and jet planes are the most intense.



     Generally, obtrusive noises occur infrequently in Lawton.



          The noise of automobiles and other surface transportation equipment




          can be effectively controlled by establishing decibel limits



          for vehicle noise emissions.  Control of aircraft noise is more

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     complex but establishing compatible land use controls, minimum



     aircraft altidudes, flight tracks, and operating hours can help



     alleviate aircraft noise problems.



Artillery discharges are clearly audible at several locations within



the City of Lawton.



     The effect of these sounds can be accurately assessed only



     by rigorous and sophisticated measures and/or a social survey




     of those subjected to the noise.

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                                DISCUSSION
Procedure
     The assessment involved  measuring and classifying environmental  noise at
each of eleven locations within the City of Lawton.  The measurement sites were
selected by city personnel  with the  concurrence of EPA.   They  constitute a
representative sampling  of  the entire city (see map,  Fig.  I).   The sites  were
located in relatively open areas away  from the  immediate vicinity of sources of
environmental noises such as roadways and buildings. Thus,  the data reflect the
sound prevailing over an extended area rather than  merely sound generated at a
specific  location.  Detailed descriptions of each site are given in Appendix Al.
Sound  measurements  were made by observers  using compact,  battery  powered
sound  level  meters (Pulsar Model 40,  type 2),  set to 'A' weighting  which  most
accurately correlates with  human  response to  noise.   The  operators  made
measurements a 15 second intervals throughout most of each daylight hour, for
two days per site, weather permitting.  The data for each hour were recorded on a
data form similar to that shown in Figure 2.  On  the form, each entry  mark
indicates one of the measurements made at 15 second intervals during that  hour.
Above  70 dBA,  rather than a  simple  mark, the operator used  a code letter to
identify the type of noise source producing the measured sound.  The code letters
are indicated on the form.
     At  the end of each hour,  the operator indicated his  opinion of the  noise
environment during that hour on the right hand of the form.   He described it both
in terms of its noisiness and in terms  of its acceptability by marking one of the
categories listed.   Copies of the  detailed  instructions  given each  operator,
monitoring schedules, etc. are included in Appendix C.
h!w l> f.r€-.

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     The data obtained were  reduced by computer after being transferred  to



optical scanning coding forms.   The computer statistically analyzed each hour's



data and calculated the corresponding percentile sound levels (L ), and the energy



equivalent  average  sound level (L  ),  (see Glossary).   It  also  made similar
                                  eq


calculations  for  the combined daily data  for  each  site  and calculated the



corresponding day-night average sound level (L , ).  Appendix D contains a sample



data form,  the computer program, and a sample prinout.
                                  8

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Results



      The measured environmental noise levels are summarized in Figure 3. The



Figure shows the mean equivalent sound level (L  ) calculated  from all of the



measurements made at each specified site.  The 95 percent confidence intervals



for those means based on the observed variance in  daily L   at each site are
                                                      '  eq


indicated.  The data are compared with the levels identified  in the EPA Report



"Information on  Levels  of  Environmental  Noise Requisite  to  Protect  Public



Health and Welfare with  an Adequate Margin of Safety" (EPA 550/9-74-004,



March 1974; this  document provides  information only, it  is not  a standard,



specification or regulation).  It  is clear that only  sites three and  four,  those



nearest the two airfields, have probable adverse noise impacts.



      The  Figure  also  shows  the tenth percent!le  noise  level (Lir\) for  the



combined  data  from  each  site.   This is  included for comparison with  the



equivalent sound levels (L   ).  In a normal  noise environment, L,Q has generally



about the same value as L   , as  is the case at most of the sites.  This indicates
                         eq'


that the  L   value reflects  the composite  sound produced  by a multiplicity of



sound sources. However, when L   significantly exceeds LIQ as at sites three and



four,  relatively  few, very  intense sound sources are dominating the calculated



L   value.  In  these  cases,  L,Q gives a crude measure of the potential  L   if



these few, intermittent noises were adequately controlled.  Thus, for example,



site four  is generally  a  quiet  location except for infrequent but very intense



interruptions by noise  from jet aircraft.  Detailed breakdowns of the  data are



given  with the detailed descriptions of each site in Appendix Al.

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   75i
   70
i
   60
   55
   45
   40
                              DATA  SUMMARY
                    MEAN  SOUND  LEVELS  FOR  EACH  SITE
SIGNIFICANT
ADVERSE NOISE
IMPACT
ADVERSE NOISE
IMPACT
 \   \
                               SITE  NUMBERS
                                      20
                                  LEGEND

              MEAN  EQUIVALENT  SOUND LEVEL !  LEQ' WITH  SITE  NUMBER
              AND 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS  FOR  DAILY  VALUES
                                                                         ^  ^
                                                                         0  £
                                         HI
              TENTH  PERCENTILE  SOUND  LEVEL !  L(0

              SITES :
               I.   KINGSBRIAR

              2.   SULLIVAN VILLAGE

              3.   HENRY POST

              4.   MUNICIPAL AIRPORT

              5.   CACHE ROAD

              6.   UNIVERSITY
   7.  FLOYD

   8.  EISENHOWER

   9.  HUNTER  HILLS

  10.  WOODLAND PARK

  I I.  CENTRAL BUSINESS  DISTRICT
                               FIGURE 3

                                  10

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     Figure k summarizes the observers' opinions regarding the noise  environ-



ment at  the sites they operated.  On the average, observers felt their location



was  quiet about seventy percent of the time and that  it was acceptable about



eighty percent of the time.  These data pool the opinions at all eleven locations.



A  valid  comparison  of the opinions at each  site is  not  possible since the



differences  between  sites are  confounded  with the differences between ob-



server's  judgment.   That  is, since each observer did  not  monitor  each site,



differences  in  the  opinions at  the various  locations  reflect not  only the



differences in environmental noise between locations but also the differences in



judgment between the observers at those locations.  Avoiding this confounding of



data would have required  prohibitively complex logistics for an assessment  of



this  size.



     Figure  5  summarizes  all  the  information gathered regarding  sources



producing intrusive environmental  noise.  The figure shows that small planes,



automobiles,  and helicopters are the most  prevalent sources of intrusive noise.



At higher levels of noise, jet  aircraft dominate.



     The relative areas in  the  figure give a rough estimate of the total sound



energy  produced  by  the  various source  categories.    The  two  circles are



proportioned to facilitate this estimate.  The smaller circle, (observed sources



over 80  dBA)  although involving only about ten percent of the sources, has  an



area one-fourth of the larger since these sources are two to three times more




intense than the others.

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                  SUMMARY  OF   NOISE   RATINGS
                  ALL  SITES-ALL DAYS  COMBINED
1
     100
l
     50
                             DESCRIPTION
        VERY
        QUIET
              QUIET
MILDLY
NOISY
MODERATELY
   NOISY
VERY
NOISY
1
o
k
                             EVALUATION
     100
      50
 o
   VERY
ACCEPTABLE
                 ACCEPTABLE     MILDLY     MODERATELY     VERY
                            UNACCEPTABLE  UNACCEPTABLE UNACCEPTABLE

                             FIGURE i\
                                12

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OVER  70 dBA
228   SOURCES
     SMALL
     PLANES
     MISC;
     DOGS
 EMER. VEHICLES
                SOURCES  OF  INTRUSIVE  NOISE
                    RELATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS
               TRUCKS
                                                HELICOPTERS
                                                      JETS
AUTOMOBILES
                                        MOTORCYCLES
OVER 80 dBA
 24   SOURCES
                JETS
             MISC.-


            AUTOMOBILES
                                               SMALL PLANES
                                        TRUCKS
                             FIGURE 5

                                13

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      In general,  these  intrusive noises were infrequent, occuring typically less



than twice in three hours.  However, at the Henry Post site (No. 3) 70 dBA was



exceeded  on  the  average over  twice in  one  hour,  three  times  the average,



primarily due to small planes, helicopters, and automobiles.  Detailed breakdowns



of the source observations at each site are  included in the details of Appendix A I



and are summarized in Appendix A 2.



      Another source category of interest  in this assessment was artillery firing.



At lease seventy-five discharges were noted by the observers at the various sites.



However,   since  more  sophisticated   instruments  are  required  for  rigorous



measurement of impulsive sound, artillery noise is not reflected in the values of



the calculated equivalent sound level (L  ).  A schedule of firing activity at Fort



Sill during  the assessment is included in Appendix E 2. A record of the artillery



noise noted at each site is included in the details of Appendix A I.

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                               APPENDIX A




                       Al. Site Descriptions and Noise




                               Data Summaries








     The appendix  contains the  details  of  the  data  for  each  site.   The




information for each is presented in the same pattern.




     First,  a description  of  the site and its environment is  given including




population statistics trends, traffic statistics and projections, and descriptions of




local land use and traffic mix.  These are supplemented by a land use map of the




environment and an aerial photograph and map of the site proper.




     Second, the periods of operation at the site are summarized.




     Third, the  sources  of noise observed  at the site are described.   Two




categories are used, typical sources and intrusive sources. The  former refer to




those sources which the observers at each  site indicated were characteristic of




the environmental sounds heard there. Generally these are the persistent sources




which  establish  the steady, background noise.  The intrusive sources  refer to




those sources conspicuously louder than the ambient background. That  is, those




sounds which draw attention to  themselves. For consistency, only those sources



producing sound at the site in  excess of 70 dBA were  listed in this category,




although some sounds below that  level could also be intrusive,  depending upon




their character.   These intrusive sources were  identified by the observers using




the letter codes discussed in the body of this report.  They are reported by source




type,  intensity range, and  number observed.  A summary of all  intrusive source




data for each site  is given in Appendix A2.
                                    A  -  1

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           Finally,  hourly and  daily summaries of  the  measured environmental



noise levels  and a brief  evaluation  of the  results are  given.   The  hourly



summaries are plots of the calculated  equivalent sound levels (L  ) by the hour



for each site and day.  They give the temporal variation of  environmental sound



observed at the  site that day.  At  some sites, a pattern can be seen reflecting



increased noise due to commuter traffic in  the morning and evening rush hours.



However, a surprising number of sites showed no discernible temporal pattern.  In



addition  to the hourly L   values,  statistical percentile levels of the measured



sound are  given for each hour - L     L,n  Lcn  These are respectively, the
                                  mQXj  lUj   DvJ»


highest  sound levels measured during the  hour, the level  above which  sounds



occurred only ten percent of the time,  and the average numerical level  of all



sound measurements that hour. The latter,  of course, differs from L   which is
                                                                 eq


an  average of sound  energies rather  than an  average of  sound  levels.  (See



Glossary).



     The daily  summaries are plots of the  statistical distribution of all the



measurements at that site that  day, and also a tabulation of  the daily L   values.



The plots indicate the  percentage of time the sound at the site was at or above a



particular level.  For example, if the plot indicates 54 dBA at the twentieth noise



level percentile, then twenty percent of  the time sound at that site that day was



at or above 54 dBA, and eighty percent of the time below 54  dBA.



     The brief evaluations compare the daily L   levels at the site with those



levels published  in  the EPA  "Levels"  document mentioned in  the body  of this



report.    Also, an  estimate of citizens attitudes  toward these  levels is given
                                    A-2

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based on  the contents of  that  document.   Finally, the effects of projected




changes  in  population  and  traffic  volume  and any  other local factors are




assessed.
                                   A-3

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                       NO.  t KINGSBRIAR



Site Description



A.   Population;          1972  -     0



     (Vicinity Map)        1975  -     15



                          1995  -    300



B.   Land Use



          This  is an undeveloped area.  A small portion of it has been platted



     for residential development.  It is expected that it will be much



     more fully developed by 1995. At the time of the assessment only



     three homes had been completed and occupied. It is approximately



     1100 yards from the nearest field artillery firing point at Fort Sill.



C.   Traffic



     Traffic Counts:       Map Location         1975       1995



     (ADT)                      I                513        2850



Operations



     This site was occupied from 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.  on Saturday,



June 21 and Tuesday, June 24.  This was the only site where thunderstorms



did not interrupt operations.



Noise Sources



A.   Typical Noise Sources



     Primary:   Automobiles, helicopters



     Secondary:     Birds, artillery
                            A-4

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     B.   Intrusive Noise Sources



                Small planes and helicopters were the most prevalent sources



          of intrusive environmental noises. However, there was no indication



          of an unusually high intensity or incidence rate for these sources



          relative to the other sites. The average incidence  rate for all sounds



          above 70 dBA at this site was one every two hours.



                The sources noted during  the 32 hours this  site was operated



          are tabulated below:



          Source                                Number  over 70 dBA



          Small planes                                     6



          Helicopters                                      5



          Automobiles                                     3



          Motorcycles                                      I



          Household equipment                             I
          Total                                            16



          At this site no other sources were noted and no sources exceeded



          80 dBA.



IV.   Observations



          The  daily L   levels of 55 and 52 dBA indicate little probability
                     eq


     of an adverse noise impact existing at this site. At these levels of environmental



     noise, less than ten percent of the population would probably be highly



     annoyed by noise.



          The  projected increases in traffic volume and population will probably



     increase these noise levels to that of similarly  developed neighborhoods.
                                      A-5

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             "  «

              \
     FORT SILL MILITARY RESERVATION
                                                  X VIVIV
                     VICINITY  MAP
1ZZZ1 LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL

    HIGH DENSITY  RESIDENTIAL
LAND USE
       COMMERICAL
       PUBLIC FACILITY
                                                               FEET

                                                                500
VACANT
INDUSTRIAL
                      KB   SITE* I
                                        A - 6

-------
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                   NO.  2 SULLIVAN VILLAGE



Site Description



     Population;                 1972  -     592



     (Vicinity Map)              1975  -     676



                                1995  -     830



B.   Land Use



          This is a partially developed area which is essentially residential



     with amenities such as a park, school and church nearby.



C.   Traffic



          Normal residential, few trucks and no buses in the vicinity



     of the  site.



Traffic Counts       Location        1975       1995



                          I          302       9600



                          2          4838       17600



Operations



     On Sunday, June 22, this site was rained out  from 6:00 a.m. to 11:00



a.m. and operated from 11:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.. On Monday, June 23,



it operated from 6:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. , was rained out until 6:00 p.m.



and then operated until 10:00 p.m.. On Wednesday, July 30, a one hour



check was run from 4:00 to 5:00 p.m..



Noise Sources



A.   Typical Noise Sources



     Primary:        Automobiles, helicopters, planes



     Secondary:      Construction, dogs
                                A-  10

-------
     B.    Intrusive Noise Sources



                Small planes were the most prevalent source of intrusive noise



           at this site. However, there was no indication of an unusually high



           incidence rate or intensity for any sources relative to other sites.



           The average incidence rate for all sounds above 70 dBA at this site



           was less than one every two hours.



                The sources noted during the 24 hours this site operated are



           tabulated below.



           Source                          Number over 70 dBA



           Small planes                             5



           Automobiles                             I



           Motorcycles                             2



           Construction equipment                   I	
          Total                                    9



          At this site no other sources were noted and no sources exceeded 80 dBA.



IV.   Observations



          The daily L   levels of 47 and 51  dBA indicate little probability of



     an adverse noise impact existing at this site. Probably, at these environmental



     noise levels, no one would be highly annoyed by noise. The projected population



     growth of about 20 percent and traffic growth of about 400 percent would



     probably raise the  noise levels, but not result  in adverse noise impacts.
                                     A-1

-------
                    VICINITY  MAP

                        LAND USE
E771 LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL    r~—1 COMMERICAL
    HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL     i	1 PUBLIC FACILITY


                     SV   SITE* 2
       1NT
VACANT

INDUSTRIAL
              A - 12

-------
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-------
                      NO.   3  HENRY POST








Site Description



A.   Population;                 1972  -     511



      (Vicinity Map)              1975  -     505



                                 1995  -    1028



B.   Land Use



           This site is in a basically residential neighborhood. There



     are houses in the immediate vicinity. Highland Cemetery is approximately



     250 feet to the south and a large church the same distance to the



     north east.  The southern end of the Henry Post Airfield runway is



     approximately 1,000 yards to the north.




C.   Traffic



           Normal residential traffic in the immediate vicinity of the



     site.  Much heavier major arterial traffic 1,000 feet west of the



     site.



     Traffic Counts:        Location        1975            1995



      (ADT)                      1          20,912          18,000



                                                           19,000



                                                            9,300



                                                           16,800



                                                            5,000
1
2
3
4
5
20,912
3,053
17,441
20,453
NA
                                A- 17

-------
Operations




     This site operated from 6:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. on Saturday, June




21, at which time it was rained out.  It operated again from 6:00 a.m.




to 10:00 p.m. on Tuesday, June 2k.




Noise Sources




A.   Typical Noise Sources




     Primary:        Automobiles, yard work, small planes




     Secondary:      Helicopters, motorcycles,  household




B.   Intrusive Noise Sources




           Small planes, helicopters, automobiles, and jets were the most




     prevalent sources of intrusive noises at this site. All had unusually




     high incident rates compared to other sites, and the jets produced




     unusually intense noise levels.  The average incidence rate for sounds




     above 70 dBA was over two per hour.  Sound levels from jets frequently




     exceeded 80 dBA and occasionally exceeded 90 dBA.




           The sources noted during the 30 hours this site was operated




     are tabulated below.
Source
Jets
Small planes
Helicopters
Automobiles
Motorcycles
Trucks
Railroads
Total
Over
70 dBA
8
19
17
15
5
2
1
67
Over
80 dBA
7
1
1
0
0
0
0
9
Over
90 dBA
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
                                 A-18

-------
                Artillery noise was noted four times at this site.



IV.   Observations



           The daily L   levels of 59 and 63 dBA noted at this site indicate a
                     eq


     probable adverse noise impact.  At these levels, probably over 20 percent



     of the people  are highly annoyed by noise.  The noise probably interferes



     with outdoor activities and also with indoor activities in buildings not properly



     designed to exclude exterior noise.  The projected changes in population



     and traffic probably would have little effect on noise at this site.
                                       A-19

-------
J
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                         AIRPORT
                  FORT SILL MILITARY RESERVATION
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                   VICINITY  MAP
                       LAND USE
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     HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL    E"~3 PUBLIC FACILITY
VACANT

INDUSTRIAL
                     HP  SITE* 3
            A - 20

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-------
                  NO.   4 MUNCIPAL AIRPORT
Site Description
A.   Population;                 1972  -    1581
      (Vicinity Map)             1975  -    1348
                                1995  -    1100
B.   Land Use
          This site is in the center of a quarter section that is predominantly
residential with many vacant lots.  The north end of the principal runway
of Lawton Muncipal Airport is eight-tenths of one mile south of the site
which is directly under the north-south landing  approach.  FHA has projected
an 115 CNR contour through the area. There is  some light industrial (warehouses)
some 800 feet to the north and west of the site.
C.   Traffic
          There is light residential traffic in the immediate vicinity, and
heavy major arterial traffic 1500 feet north of the site.
Traffic Counts:       Location        1975       1995
 (ADT)
1
2
3
4
1562
1034
4786
NA
3100
520C
920C
350C
Operations
     This site was scheduled for 24 hour operation on Sunday, June 22,
and Monday, June 23. It was rained out from 1:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. on
Sunday and from 3:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. on Monday. A check operation
                                A-24

-------
was run from 11:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. on Thursday, July 3, a period which



included aircarrier operations scheduled daily.



Noise Sources



A.   Typical Noise Sources



     Primary:        Automobiles, Dogs, Light planes



     Secondary:      Loudspeakers, jets, household



     Intrusive Noise Sources



           Jets, small planes, and automobiles were the most prevalent



     sources of intrusive noises. While there was no indication of an



     unusually high incidence rate for any of these sources relative to



     other sites,  the intensity of sound produced by jet aircraft was extremely



     high, frequently exceeding 90 dBA and occasionally 100 dBA. The



     average incidence rate of  all sounds exceeding 70 dBA at this site



     was  about two every three hours.



           The sources noted during the 38 hours this site was operated



     are tabulated below.





     Source




     Jets



     Small Planes



     Helicopters



     Automobiles



     Trucks



     Household Equipment



     Dogs



     Loudspeakers




     Total
                                      A-25
Over
70 dBA
7
8
2
4
1
1
2
1
26
Over
80 dBA
5
3
0
1
0
0
0
0
9
Over
90 dBA
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5

-------
                Artillery was noted at this site six times.



IV.   Observations



           The daily L   levels of 64, 69, and 70 dBA noted at this site indicate
                     eq


     a probable adverse noise impact exists.  These high levels are due almost



     entirely to the noise of a few jet aircraft. The levels correspond approximately



     with CNR values between 100 and 105 which are less than the 115 predicted,



     but are based on limited data and do not reflect the effect of any forecasted



     expansion of airport operations.  For example, a doubling of current jet



     operations or the introduction of noisier jets could easily raise these values



     three to five decibels.



           At the observed levels, probably over 30 per cent of the people are



     highly annoyed by noise. The noise probably interferes with outdoor activities



     and also with indoor activities in buildings not properly designed to exclude



     exterior noise.  The projected changes in population and vehicular traffic would



     have  little effect on the noise at this site since it is dominated by the sound of



     aircraft operations.
                                   A-26

-------
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-------
                     NO.,  5  CACHE ROAD

Site Description

A.   Population      1972  -     2779

      (Vicinity Map)  1975 -     2642

                     1995 -     2787

B.   Land Use

          Although in a dedicated park, this site is greatly affected by the

     noise from Cache Road, a major 4 lane east-west arterial some

     400 feet south of the site. A municipal fire station is between the

     site and Cache Road which is bordered by strip commercial development.

     A well developed residential neighborhood lies to the north-west,

     north,  and north-east of the site.

C.   Traffic

          Hourly traffic counts at Location 5 during operating hours

     at this site were:

     Time                 Sun. June 22          Mon, June 23

      6:00 - 7:00 a.m.          -                      683
      7:00 - 8:00 a.m.           -                     1441
      8:00 - 9:00 a.m.          -                     1288
      9:00 - 10:00 a.m.           883                 1547
     10:00 - 11:00 a.m.           1073                 1543
     11:00 -  12:00 a.m.            1348                 1975
     12:00 -  1:00 p.m.            2080                 2435
      1:00 -2:00 p.m.            2189                 2347
      2:00 - 3:00 p.m.            2063                 2240
      3:00 - 4:00 p.m.            2052                 2308
      4:00 - 5:00 p.m.            2054                 3326
      5:00 - 6:00 p.m.            2116                  3567
      6:00 - 7:00 p.m.            1980                 2742
      7:00 - 8:00 p.m.            1996                 2094
      8:00 - 9:00 p.m.            1817                  1792
     9:00 -10:00 p.m.            1759                 1845
                                  A-32

-------
II.   Operations



          This station was scheduled to operate from 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.



     on Sunday June 23 and Monday, June 24, 1975.  It was rained out from



     6:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. on Sunday, June 23.



III.   Noise Sources



     A.   Typical noise sources



          Primary:        Automobiles



          Secondary:      Motorcycles, trucks, dogs, planes



     B.   Intrusive Noise sources



                Emergency vehicles were the most prevalent source of intrusive



          noise at this site.  There was no indication of an unusually high incidence



          rate or intensity for any source at this site relative to other sites.



          The average incidence rate for all sounds over  70 dBA at this site




          was one every two hours.



                The sources noted during the 28 hours this site was operated



          are tabulated below.



                Source               Over 70 dBA          Over 80 dBA



                Jets                      1                     0



                Small  Planes               2                    0



                Automobiles               3                    I



                Motorcycles               2                    0



                Trucks                    2                    I
                                  A-33

-------
          B.   Intrusive Noise Sources (Cont.)



               Sources               Over 70 dBA          Over 80 dBA
               Emergency Vehicles        k                    0



               Dogs                      5                    0



               Total                     19                    2



                     The high level of noise produced by dogs should be dis-



               counted since this site was unavoidably located within 80 feet of a



               dog's yard. Artillery noise was noted twice at this site.



IV.   Observations



               The daily L   levels of 58 and 54 dBA indicate little probability
                         eq


          of an adverse noise impact at this site. Less than 15 percent of



          the people are probably highly annoyed by noise at these levels.



               The projected changes in traffic volume and population should



          have little effect upon these noise levels.
                                    A-34

-------
                 Y//////////X V//////////////////////////A
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                     VICINITY  MAP

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                      CR  SITE * 5
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             A - 35

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                      NO.  6 UNIVERSITY

Site Description
A.   Population;           1972 -   1389
     (Vicinity Map)        1975 -   1359
                          1995 -   1208
B.   Land Use
          This site is in the north-east corner of Cameron University
     Campus. The heavily traveled 4 lane arterial 250 feet to the north
     separates the site from the County Hospital. Land use to the east,
     north-east, and north-west is residential.
C.   Traffic
          Heavy traffic including trucks and a few buses was observed
     on Gore Boulevard.  Summer classes at Cameron University generated
     automobile traffic on University Drive on Monday, June 23.
     Traffic Counts:
      (ADT)
Location
1
2
3
1975
16,170
10,165
12,643
1995
19,100
21,400
19,300
Operations
     This site was scheduled to operate from 7:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. on
Sunday, June 22 and Monday, June 23.  It was rained out from 6:00 a.m.
to 10:00 a.m. on Sunday and 3:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. on Monday.
                               A-39

-------
     Noise Sources



     A.   Typical Noise Sources




          Primary:        Automobiles




          Secondary:      Trucks, motorcycles



     B.   Intrusive Noise Sources



               There was no indication of an unusually high incidence rate



          or intensity for any noise source at this site. The average incidence



          rate of all sounds over 70 dBA at this site was only one in five hours.



               The sources noted during the 25 hours this site was operated



          are tabulated below.




          Source               Over 70 dBA         Over 80 dBA



          Jets                      2                     I



          Small Planes               I                     0



          Automobi les               I                     0



          Trucks                    !                     0
          Total                     5                     I



          No other sources were noted at this site.



IV.   Observations




          The daily !_   values of 52 and 55 dBA indicate that no adverse noise



     impact exists at this site. Less than ten percent of the people are probably



     highly annoyed at these levels of environmental noise.
                              A-40

-------
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                               NO.  7 FLOYD

I.    Site Description
     A.   Population;           1972 -  1773
           (Vicinity Map)        1975 -  1589
                                1995 -  1933
     B.   Land Use
                This site is in the center of a well-developed neighborhood.
          It is 700 yards south of the nearest artillery firing point at Fort
          Sill.
     C.   Traffic
                Traffic  in the immediate vicinity of the site is entirely light
          residential, automobiles, delivery trucks and motorcycles.
          Traffic Counts:       Location        1975       1995
           (ADT)                    I          1127        19,700
                                     2          NA        8,400
II.   Operations
          This site was  scheduled for operations from 7:00 a.m. to  11:00 p.m.
     on Saturday, June 21 and Tuesday, June 24.  It  was rained out 2:00 to 3:00
     p.m. and 7:00 to 11:00 p.m. on Tuesday. A one  hour check run was
     made from 3:00 to 4:00 p.m. on Friday, July 18. There was no significant
     change from previous conditions except a lawnmower near the site
     gave an abnormally high number of readings in the fifties and low sixties.
                                       A-45

-------
Noise Sources



A.    Typical Noise Sources



      Primary:        Automobiles



      Secondary:      Planes, trucks, motorcycles, yard maintenance,



                     artillery.



B.    Intrusive Noise sources



           The most prevalent source of intrusive noise at this site was



      automobiles. Probably this can be attributed to the site being unavoidably



      closer to the street than is desirable.  If measurements had been



      taken farther from the curb,  probably only one or two automobiles



      would have been observed above 70 dBA, which would not indicate



      an unusually  high incidence rate or intensity for this source. The



      average incidence rate for all sounds over 70 dBA at this site was



      one every seventy-five minutes. A more desirable microphone location




      would have resulted in an  incidence rate about half of this, and would



      be more representative  of noise experienced by residents in this



      area.



           The sources noted during the 20 hours this site was operated



      are tabulated below.



      Sources                              Number over 70 dBA



      Small planes                               2




      Helicopters                                4



      Automobiles                               6



      Motorcycles                                3



      Trucks                                    I
      Total                                     16






                                   A-46

-------
                Artillery noise was noted twenty-two times at this site.



IV.   Observations



                The daily L   levels of 53 and 54 dBA indicate little probability
                          eq


           of an adverse noise impact existing at this site.  Less than ten percent



           of the population would probably be highly annoyed by noise at these



           levels of environmental noise.



                The projected changes in traffic volume and population should



           have little effect upon these noise levels.
                                     A-47

-------
                        FORT SILL MILITARY
                           RESERVATION
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                      VICINITY  MAP
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                  A - 48

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-------
                           NO.  8  EISENHOWER



I.    Site Description



     A.   Population;                1972 - 1442



           (Vicinity Map)             1975 - 1080



                                     1995 - 1474



     B.   Land Use



                This site is located on a public school campus which extends



          to the south and west. Beyond Gore Boulevard 200 feet to the north




          the land use is residential.  To the east of 52nd Street,  a minor arterial,



          the land use is also residential.  There is a limited amount of commercial



          near the intersection of 52nd and Gore.



     C.   Traffic



                No buses, few heavy trucks, mostly automobiles and delivery trucks.



          Traffic Counts:        Location         1975       1995



           (ADT)                    I           6285      14,000



                                     2          7171         2,000



                                     3          7457      13,700



                                     4          4495       2,500



II.   Operations



          This post was operated from 1:00 a.m. to 3:00 a.m. and  from 4:00



     a.m. to 7:00 p.m. on Saturday, June 21 (rained out 7:00 p.m. to 12:00 midnight



     Saturday), and from 1:00 a.m. to 12:00  p.m. on Tuesday, June  24.
                                      A-53

-------
II.  Noise Sources




    A.    Typical Noise Sources



          Primary:        Automobiles



          Secondary:      Trucks, motorcycles, plane, air conditioning



    B.    Intrusive Noise Sources



               Jet airplanes were the most prevalent source of intrusive noise



          at this site.  However, there is no indication of an unusually high



          incidence rate or intensity for this source.  The average incidence rate



          for all sources above 70 dBA at this site was about one every three hours.



               The sources noted during the 38 hours this site was operated



          are tabulated below:



          Source                         Number  over 70 dBA



          Jets                                  5



          Small planes                          2



          Automobiles                          I



          Motorcycles                          3



          Trucks                               I



          Loudspeaker                          I
          Total                                13




               No sound sources exceeded 80 dBA.
                                        A-54

-------
IV.   Observations



           The daily L   levels of 48 and 54 dBA indicate little probability
                     eq


     of an adverse noise impact existing at this site. Less than five percent



     of the population would probably be highly annoyed by noise at these




     environmental noise levels.



           The projected changes in traffic volume should have little effect



     upon these noise levels.
                                     A-55

-------
                     EISENHOWER •••••;
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                        SCHOOL
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                        LAND USE
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                A - 56

-------
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-------
                      NO.  9 HUNTER HILLS
Site Description
A.   Population;           1972 -  500
      (Vicinity Map)        1975 -  475
                           1995-  2100
B.   Land Use
           This site is in the center of a partially developed playground
     type park which in turn is within a well developed residential area.
     Beyond the residential area, land use is vacant to the north and
     west; partially developed strip commercial to the  south; and residential
     to the east. This site is 2000 yards south of the nearest artillery
     firing point.
C.   Traffic
           Immediately adjacent to the site the traffic  is automobiles,
     residential delivery and service trucks and motorcycles.  Highway
     62 and Cache  Road to the north and  south respectively are major
     arterials which carry all categories of heavy traffic.
     Traffic Counts:   Location        1975        1995
      (ADT)               I          1528        2,300
                           2         3014        7,800
                           3         3211        15,500
                              A-60

-------
II.   Operations



          This post was scheduled to operate from 7:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m.



     on Saturday, June 21 and Tuesday, June 24, 1975.  It was rained out from



     7:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. on Saturday and from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. on



     Tuesday.



III.   Noise Sources




     A.   Primary:        Automobiles, motorcycles, dogs



          Secondary:      Artillery, yard maintenance, planes, helicopters



     B.   Intrusive Noise Sources



                Helicopters were the most prevalent sources of intrusive noise



          at this site. While there was no indication of unusually intense sound



          levels, the incidence rate  of helicopters noise over 70 dBA was unusually



          high relative to other areas in Lawton.  The average incidence rate




          of all sounds over 70 dBA  was about one every hour.



                The sources noted during the 26 hours this site was operated



          are tabulated below.



          Sources                         Number over 70 dBA



          Small planes                               I



          Helicopters                               10



          Automobiles                               4




          Motorcycles                                5
                                      A-61

-------
     B.    Intrusive Noise Sources  (con't.)




           Sources                         Number over 70 dBA





           Dogs                                      8



           Total                                      28



           Artillery noise was noted 38 times at this site.



IV.   Observations



           The daily L   levels of 55 and 50 dBA indicate little probability



     of an adverse noise impact presently existing at this site.  About five percent



     of the population would probably  be highly annoyed by noise at these levels.



     The projected changes in population and traffic near this site would produce



     higher levels and could result  in an adverse impact in some areas. Careful planning



     should be exercised in the development of this region, especially in the vicinity



     of Highway No. 62.
                                     A-62

-------
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                                            NO.  62
         20
                     VICINITY   MAP
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             A - 63

-------
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-------
                         No. 10 WOODLAND PARK



I.    Site Description



     A.   Population;                1972 -  1793



           (Vicinity Map)             1975 -  1950



                                     1995 -  2200



     B.   Land Use




                This site is in a park directly behind an elementary school



          and between two residential areas to the north and south. There



          is very little commercial use in the vicinity, some higher density



          residential and a considerable amount of vacant land beyond the



          immediate vicinity especially to the north and west.



     C.   Traffic



                The nearest traffic some 200 feet distant is automobiles, motor-



          cycles, and light commercial trucks. 67th street, 500 feet to the east is



          a busy street but carries relatively few heavy trucks.  West Gore



          Boulevard to the south is less busy at this time but can be expected



          in the future to carry more traffic of all categories.



          Traffic Counts:       Location         1975        1995



           (ADT)                     I          3666       1300



                                     2           352       9700



II.   Operations



          This post was scheduled to be operational 7:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m.



     on Sunday, June 22 and Monday, June 23.  It  was rained out from 7:00



     to 9:00 a.m. on Sunday and from 2:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m.  on Monday. It
                                   A-67

-------
was also necessary to shut down because of a personnel shortage from



2:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. on Sunday.  A check of one hour was done from



2:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. on Friday, July 18.  Sound levels at that time were



stable and uniform but somewhat higher than in the initial sample.  This



was attributable to cicadas (seventeen year locusts) in the trees and not



to any other sources.



Noise sources



A.   Typical Noise Sources



     Primary:        Birds, automobiles



     Secondary:     Yard maintenance, artillery, motorcycles, cicadas



B.   Intrusive Noise Sources



           There were no sources of intrusive noise which showed unusually



     high incidence rates at this site. However, unusually intense noise



     was observed once from railroad operations. The average incidence



     rate of all  sources exceeding 70 dBA was about  one every four hours.



           The sources noted during the 19 hours this site was operated



     are tabulated below.



     Source              Over 70 dBA         Over 80 dBA



     Railroad                   I                     I



     Motorcycles               I                     I



     Dogs                      2                    0



     Total                      14                    2
                                A-68

-------
          Artillery noise was noted seven times at this site.



IV.   Observations



          The daily L   values of 60 and 53 dBA indicate a slight probability
                     eq


     of an adverse noise impact existing at this site. The daily values for June



     22 should not be construed as adequately representative of the prevailing



     environment at this site since it is based on only five hours of measurement



     and its value is dominated by two unusually high data points.  More extensive



     measurements would be required to accurately determine representative



     levels at this site. However, this  does not seem warranted in view of



     the low probability that such measurements would indicate an adverse



     noise impact since the mean of all hourly L   values was 55 dBA. At



     this level, about ten percent of the population would probably be highly



     annoyed by noise.



          The projected changes in population and traffic volume at this  site



     would probably have only a small effect on levels at this site.
                                   A-69

-------
                    V////^^^
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                 A - 70

-------
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-------
              NO.  11  CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT
Site Description
A.   Population:                1972  -  734
      (Vicinity Map)             1975  -  662
                                1995  -  430
B.   Land Use
          Much of this land is temporarily vacant as a result of current
     urban renewal operations.  It is anticipated that it will be fully developed
     in the near future as a modernized central business district.  There
     are active businesses to the east along C Avenue and some to the
     north between 2nd and 3rd Streets.
C.   Traffic
          2nd Street and Gore Boulevard are major arterials carrying
     heavy traffic of all kinds.  Other streets in the area are business
     streets carrying local traffic mostly automobiles and delivery trucks.
     Traffic Counts:       Location        1975            1995
      (ADT)
1
2
3
4
5
3,159
10,818
1,169
1,940
8,848
3,100
7,900
3,100
700
15,500
Operations
     This site was occupied from 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. Thursday, July
17, 1975 to provide a base level of sound with which a later assessment
could be compared after redevelopment of the CBD is complete.
                               A-75

-------
III.   Noise sources



     A.   Typical Noise Sources



          Primary:        Automobiles, trucks, jets



          Secondary:      Cicadas



     B.   Intrusive Noise Sources



                Jet aircraft and trucks were the most prevalent sources of



          intrusive environmental noise at this site.  Jets showed unusually



          high intensities and both sources had unusually high incidence rates



          relative to other sites in Lawton. The average incidence rate for



          all sounds above 70 dBA at this site was slightly less than one every



          two hours.



                The sources noted during the 16 hours this site was operated



          are noted below.



          Source          Over 70 dBA               Over 80 dBA



          Jets                  6                          3



          Trucks               i\                          0
           Total                 10                          3



           No other noise sources were noted.



IV.   Observations



           The daily L   of 57 dBA observed at this site indicates some probability



     of an adverse noise impact existing at this site. Even though this is not



     an intended residential district, this impact should be of concern to hotels,



     etc..  At this level of environmental noise, 15 percent of the population



     would be highly annoyed by noise.
                                    A-76

-------
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-------
                             APPENDIX  A. 2






     This appendix tabulates and compares the data obtained on intrusive noise



sources at each  site.   The  actual  numbers  of  intrusive  sources observed  are



indicated in the table and their relative incidence rates are shown on the graph for



comparison.  The incidence rates are simply the numbers observed divided by the



number of  hours the site was operated.  Intrusive sounds due to animal noises are



excluded  from  the summary.   Those  observed were not  considered to  be



representative of prevalent sounds in the vicinity since they were due to animals



inadvertently in close proximity to the meter.
                                 A-80

-------
SUMMARY OF IDENTIFIED SOUND SOURCE DATA
SITE
NO.



1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
TOTAL
HOURS



32
24
30
38
28
25
20
38
26
19
16
TOTAL NUMBER
OF IDENTIFIED
SOUND SOURCES

70
dBA
16
9
67
26
19
5
16
13
29
4
10
Over:
80
dBA
0
0
10
9
2
1
1
0
0
2
3

90
dBA
0
0
2
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TOTAL NUMBER OF
IDENTIFIED SOURCES OVER
70 dBA BY CATEGORIES


0
0
0
8
7
1
2
0
5
0
0
6


P
6
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0
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0
0


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15
4
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1
6
1
4
0
0


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2
5
0
2
0
3
3
5
1
0


T
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2
1
2
1
1
1
0
0
4


m
1
1
1
4
4
0
0
1
1
1
0
                Code:

                J - Jet
                P - Plane
                H - Helicopter
                A - Auto
                M - Motorcycle
                T - Truck
                m - miscellaneous
                (All other sources except animals)
                   A - 81

-------
              RELATIVE  INCIDENCE  RATES  FOR  SOUND SOURCES
                      EXCEEDING  70  dBA  AT  EACH  SITE
         SITE I
                              SITE 2
                                          SITE 3
                                                              SITE 4
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£.401-
co.30
§20-
SITE 9
§ o
                 1 J
                              SITE 10
     JPHAMTm        JPHAMTm
                                                  SITE 1 1
                                               JPHAMTm
                     70-80 dBA
                     80-90 dBA
                     90 - 100 dBA
                                      LEGEND

                                  J.  JETS
                                  P.  SMALL PLANES
                                  H.  HELICOPTERS
                                  A.  AUTOMOBILES
                                          M.  MOTORCYCLES
                                          T.  TRUCKS
                                          m.  MISC. EXCLUDING
                                               ANIMALS
                                        A - 82

-------
                          APPENDIX B
This appendix contains a description of the City of Lawton and its environs.
                                   B-l

-------
                               APPENDIX B




     Lawton, Oklahoma, the county seat of Comanche County, is a city of some




80,000 population.  Since its founding in 1901 the economy of the city has been



dependent on the continguous US Army Post, Fort Sill.  Sounds of weapons firing



at Fort Sill reach into  the  City.  The fact that residents accept this condition



with little  or no complaint is primarily attributable to the fact that it is usually



low level and secondarily to the dependence of the economy of  the City on the



Post.  There are two airfields affecting the Lawton environment.  The Municipal



Airport is centrally  located on the south side of the City and  US Army Henry



Post Field at Fort Sill is just north of the City, also centrally located.



     There is little basic industry except for Fort Sill.



     The Lawton Metropolitan Area is Comprised of Comanche County with a



total of 1,084 square miles,  15th  largest of the state's 77 counties. The urbanized



area of Lawton,  the county seat, contains a majority of the population of the




county which also is composed of the unorganized territory of the United States



Army Artillery and Missile  Center at Fort Sill, the Wichita Mountains  Wildlife



Refuge, 10 towns, and  19 townships populated primarily  by residents engaged in



the agricultural and livestock production fields.



     Lawton is located at 34.55  north latitude and 98.24 west  longitude in the



Red Plains region of Oklahoma, a part of the Great Plains of the Midwest.   The



plains range in elevation between  1,000 and 2,000 feet above sea level, and are



broken by  the Wichita  Mountains  northwest of  the City in the northern part of



the county. At the highest  point, the mountain ranges reach an altitude of 2,400



feet ASL, towering about 1,000 feet above the surrounding plains.  Geographically,
                                  B-2

-------
Lawton is located approximately 10 miles from the foothills of the mountains.



      In  its strategic  location, Lawton is  the  most  heavily populated  city in



Oklahoma south or west of the state capital, Oklahoma City, which is situated 90



miles to the north of Lawton.  The nearest metropolitan area  to the south of



Lawton is Wichita Falls, Texas. Lawton is located within 150 to  160 miles of the



Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas, metropolitan areas.



      Within a radius of  50 miles of Lawton are located 10  counties comprising



almost II per cent of the population  of the state.  Within a radius of 100 miles of



Lawton,  there  are 28 counties with a  total population of 1,030,000, some 44



percent of the state's population.



      In its Red  Plains location, the  Lawton Metropolitan Area enjoys an average



annual temperature  of 62 degrees,  an average annual growing  season  of more



than 200 days,  and an average rainfall of 30.9 inches of rain.  The Red Plains



region provides a fertile soil for major agricultural purposes, but contributes less



than one-half of one percent of the  annual output of minerals in the state which



is ranked among the highest oil producing states in the  nation.
                                    B-3

-------
                              APPENDIX C



     This appendix contains copies of the information sheets provided to those



conducting the assessment.
                               C-l

-------
             INSTRUCTIONS FOR NOISE MONITORING STATIONS



                        USING A PULSAR MODEL 40



                       TYPE 2 SOUND LEVEL METER



General;



     One data  sheet  is to be completed during each hour of operation, always



beginning on a clock hour. During the first five minutes of each hour a data sheet



is prepared and the meter is checked.  Data is taken every 15 seconds during the



next 50 minutes. The last five minutes are used in completing the data sheet.








Hourly Schedules:



xx:00  -  xx:05 Indicate  identifying information on the data sheet and check the



the meter.



     I.   Identifying information:     At the top of the sheet, fill in your



          site  (such as DP - I), name and date, circle the appropriate day of



          the week, and  fill in the times for this data sheet.



     2.   Meter battery check:  Set the meter switch to "batt," and be sure



          the instrument indicates good batteries,  (the small red light comes



          on).  If it does not, replace the  batteries (remove the screws on



          the back) and recheck for a "good" indication. Mark the appropriate



          blank on the data sheet.  Reset the switch to "on".
                               C-2

-------
3.   Meter settings check:  Make sure that the meter switches are set




     to 'A' and "fast". Mark the blanks to indicate you have checked




     the meter settings.




4.   Meter calibration check:




     a.    Adjust the meter scale switch on the right side (if necessary)




           so that the meter scale includes sound levels between 90 and




           100 decibels.




     b.    Depress and release the push button of the calibrator and make




           sure the tone remains  'on' for more than a few seconds. If




           it does not, replace the calibrator batteries  (unscrew the bottom




           black part of the calibrator housing).




     c.    Remove the windscreen from the microphone and gently place




           the calibrator on the microphone as far as it will go. Press




           and release the calibrator push button again and read the meter.




           Mark this reading in the "calibration end" blank of the preceding




           hour's data sheet (if any). Use a small  screwdriver to adjust




           the calibration screw on the side so the meter reads 94 dBA.



           Gently remove the  calibrator and replace the microphone




           windscreen.  The calibrator will turn itself off in about one




           minute after the button on its side was depressed.




           On the data sheet for this hour, mark "94" in the "set to" blank.




           At the beginning of the next hour you will repeat this procedure
                            C-3

-------
                to find out if the meter calibration has changed during the



                hour.



xx:05 - xx:30   Take data and indicate high level noise sources:



           I.    Take sound level readings at fifteen second intervals by reading



                the sound level meter and making a slash mark in the appropriate



                box on the data sheet.  You may adjust the meter scale switch



                to take a reading if the needle goes off scale.



                     On the data sheet the boxes at each noise level are to be



                be marked in succession, starting at the left,  (see sample).



           2.    If a reading exceeds 70 dBA, rather than simply marking in



                the appropriate box, write in the box a letter  indicating what



                you hear making the noise,  (see sample). For a source listed



                on the top right of the data sheet, use the letter indicated.



                For example, if the meter reads 74 dBA and you can hear that



                a jet is responsible, write 'J' in the  next empty box  in the 74-



                76 dBA row. If the source you hear is not listed, write it on



                one of the blank line below the  lists and make up a  corresponding



                symbol to write in  the boxes. Indicate your symbol on the  listing,



                being sure it is not already being used for another source (e.g.,



                use a  lower case letter).








xx:30 -xx:35  Take 5 minute break



xx:35 -xx:55  Continue recording data



xx:55 -xx:00  Complete data sheet and prepare for  next hour.
                                   C-4

-------
1.    On top right of data sheet, check the blank which best describes




     this site during this hour.




2.    Indicate your opinion about living in an area with this much noise




     during this part of the day by checking a blank in the "Evaluation"




     section.




3.    On the upper right of the data sheet, circle on the source list those




     noise sources which you feel have been significant during the hour,




     i.e., those sources which would have  disturbed you if you were living




     here. This can include sources which did not exceed the 70 dBA level.




     Leave unmarked those sources not producing problem noises during




     the hour.




4.    If this is the last data sheet for this site repeat the  meter calibration




     check and indicate the 'end' dBA.  If  another hour of data follows,




     you will take care of this during the next five minutes.




5.    If time allows, count the total number marked of each noise source




     symbol and indicate that total next to the appropriate symbol in the




     source lists. For  example, if there are two 'H's in the 80-2 row and



     one in the 72-4 row, one in the 70-2 row, and no other 'H's marked, write




     the total, four, next to the 'H' in the source  list (see sample). Do not



     include in the total any  symbols inadvertently  marked in rows below




     the 70-2 row.
                                C-5

-------
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-------
                          C2 Check List
Required  Equipment for each monitoring  station
    Type 2 Sound  Level Meter
    Windscreen
    Calibrator
    Small Screwdriver
    Tripod
Flashlight (night stations)
Data  sheets
Clipboard or  equivalent
Marking pens
Instruction sheet and checklist
    Timekeeper with sweep second hand   Shipping case
    Lantern (night  stations)               Spare  batteries for all equipment
           CHECK LIST  FOR STATION OPERATORS
	 have instruction  sheet

	 have sound  level meter

	 have wind screen

	 have extra batteries (4)  for
      sound level  meter

	 know how to change meter batteries

      have calibrator
      have extra batteries (2)  for
      calibrator
      know how to change  calibrator
      batteries

      have small  screwdriver  for
      calibration

      have tripod

      have timekeeper with sweep  second
      hand (stopwatch)

      have watch  with  time of day

      have writing board and  enough data
      sheets  (one  for  each hour  plus
      two spares)

      have two red pens	
      have ID letter  and personal ID

      know headquarters phone
      numbe r	

      know location of site

      know microphone  location
      at  site

      know person whom  I will
      go  with to site

      know duration of duty (when
      I'll be  relieved)

      have lantern (night  station)

      have spare  lantern  batteries

      know how to change lantern
      batteries

      have flashlight (checked
      batteries)

      have folding  chair

      have food and drink

      have foul   weather  garments,
      protection  from sun,  insects,
      etc.  (protection from  sun and
      insects  is  essential - wear  hats)
                          A few  rules

Do  not  Utter
Do  not  use umbrellas
Take  cover with equipment in case
of rain and wait for supervisor
Do  not park your vehicle within 50'
of instrument
INSTRUMENTS ARE DELICATEi
HANDLE WITH CARE1!
Check in and out at City Hall
with shift  clerk  and shift supervisor.
Do  NOT leave City Hall on  check out
until  released by shift supervisor.
                                 C -  7

-------
                          C3 WORK SCHEDULES AND TIMETABLES
                              Roster and Work Schedule

                                Report City Hall
Team
A



B

C

D

E

F



G

H

I

J

K



X



Y



SB



Sh 1

Sh 2

Names
Charles Whitis
Jerry Hammond


Ed Tahah
Garfield Bowles
Mike McCallis
R. C. Munn
George Ward
Jimmy L. Lewis
Paul Nielsen
John S. Adams
Roy Gilyard
Phil Baker


Ivan Stoneberg
David W. Pettus
A. C. James
Willie L. Long
James Russell
Gary Watkins
Clyde Mason
Eddie Williams
Cecil Davidson
Mike Weatherall
(Cokefield)

Frank Tartsah
Gary Shaw
(Hannah)

Glenn Copeland
Harold Walters


Robert Barnes
L. T. Harrison
Dale Brither
Edward Chatman
Bigham - Super
Wayatt - Clerk
Pondrom - Super
Radford - Clerk

Fri
Sat
Sun
Mon
Sat
Sun
Mon
Tue
Sat
Sun
Mon
Tue
Sat
Sun
Mon
Tue
Sat
Sun
Mon
Tue
Sat
Sun
Mon
Tue
Sat
Sun
Mon
Tue
Sat
Sun
Mon
Tue
Sat
Sun
Mon
Tue
On
Sat






Date
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, Juen
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
, June
call
- Tue






Time
20
21
22
23
21
22
23
24
21
22
23
24
21
22
23
24
21
22
23
24
21
22
23
24
21
22
23
24
21
22
23
24
21
22
23
24








11:
11:
11:
11:
5:
5:
5:
5:
6:
6:
6:
6:
7:
7:
7:
7:
1:
1:
1:
1:
2:
2:
2:
2:
3:
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
3:30
3:
3:
8:
8:
8:
8:
3:
3:
3:
3:

5:


5:

11

30
30
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00

30


30

:30

P-
P-
P-
P-
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
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m.
m.
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m.
m.
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P-
P-
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m.
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m.
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m.

m.


m.

.m

                                                                        Off
Sat,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
Sat,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
Sat,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
Sat,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
Sat,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
Sat,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
Wed,
Sat,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
Sat,
Sun,
Mon,
Tue,
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
25 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
8:
8:
8:
8:
2:
2:
2:
2:
3:
3:
3:
3:
4:
4:
4:
4:
10:
10:
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
10:30
10:30
11:
11:
11:
11:
12:
12:
12:
12:
3:
3:
3:
3:
10:
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:30
:00
:00
:00
:00
:00
10:00
10:
10:
:00
:00
a
a
a
a
p
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
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P
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a
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P
P
P
P
P
P
P
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
.m.
Sh
3  Thompson  -  Super
   Danna     -  Clerk
                                             6:00 p.m.
4:30 p.m.



11:30 a.m. daily


6:00 p.m.  daily


12:30 a.m. daily
                                          C  -  8

-------
Date & Time
Shift Supervisor
& Shift Clerk
        Teams
    Remarks
Fri.  20 June
& Mon.  23 June
11:30 p.m.

Sat.  21 June
1:00 a.m.

3:00 a.m.
4:00 a.m.

5:30 a.m.
No shift supervisor
6:00 a.m.



7:00 a.m.


7:30 a.m.



8:00 a.m.
***
***
***

Bigham and shift
clerk reports to
City Hall and takes
Teams B & C to
Sites KB & HP.

Shift clerk commences
routine duties at
City Hall.

***
Takes Team F to Site
ES relieves Team A and
returns to City Hall.

Dispatches Team X on
relief cycle.
 Team A meets at City
 Hall and goes to
 Site ES.

 Team A starts opera-
 tions at Site ES.

 Take one hour break.
 Resume operations.

Teams B & C report to
 City Hall.
 Teams B & C start
 operations at Sites
 KB & HP.

 D & E start opera-
 tions at FL & HH.

 Team F reports to
 City Hall.
 Team F starts opera-
 tions at Site ES.
 Team X reports to Hall
 and starts relieving
 Teams B, C, D, E, and
 F at Sites KB, HP, FL,
 HH & ES in that order
 for 30 min. each and
 repeat until 2:45 p.m.
 Report off at City
 Hall at 3 p.m.
Team A picks up
equipment and
Radio Vehicle.
                                                  Secure safety of
                                                  equipment.
Pick up equipment
and check Team B.
Takes radio vehicle
to Site KB.
Picks up vehicle.
                                         C-9

-------
 Date & Time
Shift Supervisor
& Shift Clerk
       Teams
Remarks
 Sat.  21  June
 8:15  a.m.
11:30 a.m.
 1:30 p.m.


 2:00 p.m.



 2:30 p.m.




 3:00 p.m.
 3:30 p.m.





 4:00 p.m.


 6:00 p.m.
Checks with shift
clerk and starts
visiting sites.

Pondrom and shift
clerk relieves Bigham
and clerk.   Visits
sites.  Clerk starts
routine duties.

Takes Teams G & H
to sites KB and HP.
Takes Teams I & J on
relief cycle.  Checks
with shift clerk and
visits one site.

Dispatches Team Y on
relief cycle.  Checks
with shift clerk and
visits one site.
Takes Team K to Site
ES and continues site
visits until 6 p.m.
Return to City Hall.
Thompson & Clerk
relieves Pondrom &
clerk at City Hall.
Resume site visits.
                                           ***•
Teams G & H report to
City Hall.

Teams G & H start
operations at Sites
KB & HP.

Teams I & J report to
City Hall.
Teams I & J start opera-
tions at Sites KH & FL.
Team Y reports to City
Hall, picks up vehicle
and starts relieving
teams at Sites KB, HP, FL,
HH and ES in order for
30 min. each and repeat
until 9:45 p.m.  Report
off at City Hall at 10 p.m.

Team K reports to Cith
Hall.
                          Team K starts operations
                          at Site ES.

                          ***
                                        C-10

-------
                  Shift Supervisor
 Date & Time	& Shift Clerk	Teams	Remarks	

Sat.
10:00 p.m.         Relieves Team H at        Team Y  reports  off  at   Leave vehicle at
                  Site HP and returns        City Hall  and leaves    City Hall.
                  to City Hall.             vehicle.   Team  G  stops
                                            operations at Site  KB,
                                            returns to City Hall
                                            in  radio vehicle,
                                            report  off.

11:00 p.m.         Relieves Teams I & J  to
                  Sites HH & FL and
                  returns to City Hall.

11:30 p.m.         Takes Team A to Site  MA.   Team A  reports  to City
                                            Hall.

11:45 p.m.         XXXXX                     Team K  moves equip, to  Leaves  radio vehicle
                                            Site MA, meets  super-   at  Site MA Sat.
                                            visor.   Sat. night      night only.
                                            only.

12:00             Returns to City Hall       Team A  starts opera-    Lock City Hall.
                  with Team K and reports    tions at Site MA.
                  off with clerk.           Sat.  night only.
                                         C-ll

-------
            C4   Shift supervisor instructions


 1.  Take charge

 2.  Verify that crews  have all  checked that they have equipment needed.

 3.  Carry extra batteries,  forms,  pens,  insect repellent,  water, salt
    tablets,  leaf bags,  etc.

 4.  Take teams to  sites and  be certain they will be  able  to  start operations
    on time.

 5.  Insure that shift clerk know where you  will be at all  times. Call in
    deviations from itinerary.

 6.  Insure that shift clerk is
    a. Preparing forms with new  headings.
    b. Transcribing data from  data recording forms  to  "mark sense"  forms.
    c. Keeping time cards  on "summer hires".

 7.  Check that data recording sheets are completely filled out before
    turn in.

 8.  Observe to see that operators  are  performing  duties  properly.  Observe
    instruments  and compare with  recording current and  past.  Observe
    for littering.  Solve problems;  take emergency  action  as  required.

 9.  When teams are relieved be certain that all equipment  is turned  in
    (or turned over to  next team),  data sheets  are turned in,  and clerk
    has  time  record in and out.

10.  Know names and telephone  numbers of stand-bys.

11.  Relieve teams  in case of rain.



                    Shift clerk  instructions

 1.  Follow  instructions of shift  supervisor,  otherwise:

 2.  Know where shift  supervisor is.

 3.  Work on  data  sheet headings,  "mark sense" sheets,  or time sheets.

 4.  Answer telephone  - refer problems to  supervisor (in  emergency to
    Paul Cullen)

 5.  Help supervisor check teams in and out.
                                 C-12

-------
                               APPENDIX D



     This appendix contains a sample copy of the data coding forms, a description



and listing of the computer program used in analyzing the data, and a sample



printout.
                                       D-l

-------
 
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-------
         FLOW   CHART  OF   PROGRAM   MODOP
/ READ  NDAYS, ISKIP,
     ICOR, MICTH, I
     IHIST, IPUNCH
      READ
     NHOURS,
    SITE NAME,
     DATE
          yes
          YES
                     READ
                   SOURCE I D
                     CARD
                     _T



HUN
DUPLK
DATA
4 1

SEARCH FOR
AND I"111"1
Lmax


          1
        /  PRINT
— — ———/PERCENTILES
       /  (Ln'll
DAILY
REQUIRED ?

CALL
FREQD

CALL
LDBN
AVERAG

CALL
CORREL4

CALL
BAGEL4



	

	




	

-------
                            MODOP








APPLICATIONS OF MODOP;



     I.    Hand-held meter data reduction.



     2.    B & K Environmental Noise Classifer data reduction.



     3.    EPA Noise Monitoring System developed by CERL personnel and



          Kamperman & Associates.



Limitation of MODOP;



     I.    Range of noise levels is 35-109 dB. If range increase is desired, follow



          steps given below:



          (a)  Value of KKK should be increased by the same amount.



          (b)  If a new baseline is desired, change KBASE accordingly.




          (c)  Proportionate increase  in the dimensions of NDB, NDBA, LDB,



               LDBA, and DBP.



     2.    A  maximum of 30 site-days can be handled at a time.



     3.    Total number of samples for any hour cannot equal zero. In other



          words, this program will not accept blank hours.



Description of What MODOP Does;



     MODOP performs following functions:



     (a)   Prints source identification .



     (b)   Prints and plots frequency and cumulative distributions.



     (c)   Calculates L  s and L  . The program uses Lagrangian interpolation



          to determine  the L s.
                                 D-5

-------
     (d)   Performs the same for the whole site-day.

     (e)   Finds correlation coefficients

          r   ,n= correlation between L  and L,n
           eq,10                      eq      10

          r   cn= correlation between L   and LCn
           eq,50                      eq     50

          r50 I0~ correlat'on between LCQ and L,Q

     (f)   Plots LQ L, L|Q Lrg LQQ and  L   statistics for the site-day.

     (g)   Will punch out a duplicate data deck, if desired.

     (h)   If desired, can reduce demand-periodic  data.

Input to MODOP

     Note that in  a free-format field, either a comma or one or more blanks

     could be used as a delimiter.  Most of the cards are read in free-format,

     in this program; for savings in data punching time. Instead of punching

     a series of five tens, as in a fixed format for  example; a simple 5  10 does

     the  trick in a free format, you could change the format, if so desired.

          The following is an illustration of how the data cards should be ordered:

                                   NDAYS Card

                                   SITE-DAY Card

                      NHOUR      (Optional) SOURCE Card
                      = I           TIME & BIN Cards

                      NHOUR      (Optional) SOURCE Card
                      = 2          TIME & BIN Cards

                                   repeat until NHOUR = NHOURS
NDAY =
         NDAY = 2
                            SITE-DAY Card

               NHOUR      (Optional) SOURCE Card
               =  I           TIME & BIN Cards

                            repeat until NHOUR = NHOURS
                            repeat until NDAY = NDAYS
                                  D-6

-------
I.    NDAYS CARDS;



     READ *, NDAYS, ISKIP, ICOR, MICTH,MDB, IH1ST, IPUNCH, IOPS,



     WHERE



     NDAYS = number of SITE-DAYS



     ISKIP = 0,  if daily statistics including L  plot is required.



     ISKIP = I,  if daily statistics including the L plot is not required.



     ICOR = 0,  if correlation-coefficients are required.



     ICOR = I,  if correlation coefficients are not required.



     MICTH = 0



     MDB=  I



     IHIST = 0



     IHIST = I,  if hourly distributions are required only, for data verification purposes.



     IPUNCH = 0, if punched data deck not required.



     IPUNCH = I, if punched data deck is required.



     IOPS =  0, if source identification is not recorded.



     IOPS =  I, if source identification is recorded.





2.    SITE-DAY CARD; Read



     cols. 2-5: NHOURS, the number of blocks of data for the site-day (I 4).



     cols. 6-55: Print the name of the site,  location and other information (Alphameric



               format).



     cols. 56-67 Print the data (Alphameric format).




3.    (Optional)  SOURCE CARD;



     Include this card, only if IOPS = I  in the NDAYS card.




          READ*, (ISOUR(I),  I = I, 19)



          where
                              D-7

-------
     ISOUR (I) = Rating Description



     ISOUR (2) = Rating Evaluation



     ISOUR (3) = to ISOUR (13) = Transportation Source Counts in following



               order: Emergency vehicles, small planes, jet aircrafts, helicopters,



               trains,trucks, automobiles, buses, motorcycles, recreation vehicles,



               water craft



     ISOUR (14) to ISOUR (17) = Equipment Source Counts in the following order:



               construction, yard, factory, house



     ISOUR (18) to ISOUR (19) = Miscellaneous Source Counts:



                dogs, loudspeakers



4.    TIME & BIN CARDS;



     In this card, you read the time of hour and the bin counts.



           READ *, IN,  TS, TF, ISUM, NDB (35dB to !09dB)



           where



           IN = sheet or page number (integer)



           TS = time started (floating)



           TF = time stopped (floating)



           ISUM =  total number of samples for  the hour (integer)



           NDB = number of sample counts in each bin starting from the 35dB



               bin.  For hand-held meter data, enter twice the number of samples



                in each bin to avoid fractions and ensure greater accuracy.



               Thus the total number of samples would be twice as many.



               For classifier data, multiply the2-dB width counts by a factor



               of 3 and the  3-dB width counts by a factor of  2.  The total number



               of samples would then be six times the original (even though



               the  total  number of samples is increased, this will not affect



               the  statistics).





                                 D-8

-------
IF FURTHER INFORMATION IS REQUIRED



WRITE TO:








                  Hal Watson,Jr., Ph. D.



                  CE/ME Dept., IOT



                  SMU



                  Dallas, Texas 75275
            D-9

-------
                               GLOSSARY



NDAYS        = Number of SITE-days



ISKIP          = Control for skipping daily statistics



ICOR          = Control for skipping correlation coefficeients



MICTH         = Demand-periodic model number = 0



MDB           = Control for whether data input in histogram form (I) of cumulative



                 form (0)



IHIST          = Control for data vertification



IPUNCH        = Control for punching out duplicate data deck



IOPS           = Control for source I.D. information card



KBASE         = Minimum baseline level handled by program MODOP = 35



KKK           = Dynamic range of the  program = 75



NHOURS       = Number of blocks/hours of data for the given site-day



NDB (N)        = Number of samples in  bin N for the given hour



NDBA (N)      = NDB (N) for the site-day



IN             = Sheet/block number



TS             = Time start



TF             = Time finish



ISUM          = Total number of samples for the given hour



KSUM          = E ISUM



NOTE: It is suggested to verify data (IHIST = I) on first run



                              SUBROUTINES



I.    CUMUL   :    Finds cumulative distribution from frequency distribution



2.    FREQD   :    Prints and plots both frequency and cumulative distributions
                             D-IO

-------
3.   LDBN      :     Uses Lagrangian interpolation to find the percent! les



4.   AVERAG   :     Computes L  , L      median 1_, and variance of the
            —                   ^M  mCQify


                     distribution



5.   CORREL 4;     Calculates correlation coefficients up to four variables; in our



     case:



     r   ,n = correlation between L   and L,n
      eq, IU                      eq     ID


     r   CQ = correlation between L  and LCQ




     r50 10 = correlat'on between LCQ and L • Q



6.   BAGEL4;   Plots I_Q Li  LIQ  LCQ LQQ and L   statistics for the given site-day
                                 D-ll

-------
SAMPLE COMPUTER LISTING




     AND PRINTOUT




        (D 13-29)
          D-12

-------
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                                APPENDIX E



     This appendix contains a summary of the weather statistics observed and



the artillery activity at Fort Sill during the assessment.
                                       E-l

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-------
       APPENDIX E 2






Summary of Firing Activity at



Fort Sill during the assessment
              E-10

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FIRING ORDER NR. 294
For Saturday 21 Jun 75, WEST RANGE
                                               11 Jun  75
                        SMALL ARMS FIRING
MB 1 Rifle & Pistol
Falcon Rg
                 Unit

                 4/31
                 AF
                       Period

                       1200-1800
                       0800-1700
                        ARTILLERY FIRING
Problem  Time   Firing Pts.
Spc
Spc
Spc
0730-
2000
159, 173N
176, 179
183, 196W
0900-  604, 604W,
2400   624S
    OPs

   1/158

    Kerr Hill



   1/160

    Kerr Hill
    Dalv Hill

45th FA GP
                            We apon and
                            Ammunition

                            7.62mm & 45 P
                            20mm & Inert
                            Bombs
                                   Weapon and
                                   Ammuni ti on
8"H
                                           GP
                                           Area
WMHA
MHA
                            105H VT
               BBA
0700-  278, 289       Andrews Hill 8"H VT
2400   280, 293, 283  Indian Hill HES
       535, 415
                                           AGA
                              E ~ 11

-------
FIRING ORDER NR. 295
For Sunday 22 Jun 75, WEST RANGE
                                                 11 Jun  75
                        ARTILLERY FIRING
Problem  Time   Firing Pts.
Spc
Spc
Spc
0700-
1400
0001-
1400
0001-
1400
159, 173N,
176, 179,
183, 196W
604, 604N,
624S
                      OPs
   1/158

    Kerr Hill
   1/160

    Kerr Hill
    Daly Hill

45th FA GP
                            We apon and
                            Ammunition
8"H
                                GP
                                Area
WMHA
MHA
105H VT
BBA
278, 289, 280, Andrews Hill 8"H VT
298, 283,      Indian Hill  HES
S35, 415
                                AGA
                              E - 12

-------
FIRING ORDER NR. 296
For Monday 23 Jun 75, WEST RANGE
                                                 18 Jun 75
                        SMALL ARMS FIRING
Range

Rappelling
                 Unit

                 PC & W
                       Period
                       1300-1600

        ARTILLERY FIRING
                          Weapon and
                          Ammunition

                          NA
Problem  Time   Firing Pts.
G002SA
Spc
Spc
Spc
1220-
1640
low
0830-1630  628
0800-  284
0730-  173, 82
1800   82
       706
  OPs

Gunne rv

  68E, 68W,
  69E, 69

FAS BDE
                              1/30
                                   Weapon and
                                   Ammunition
105H Inc
ICM
                            14.5MMG
               Indian Hill  8"H VT
               Apache Ridge

             Arty Bd

               Daly Hill    105H
               McKenzie Hill 155H
                            8"H
                                           GP
                                           Area
MHA
                              SMA
                              AGA
                              WMHA
                              JRA
                              ARA
                              CCA
Spc
1800-  32334 35814*
2400   32729 36427
       32881 36929
TAD  (AS32NG)
"    (ANXXAB)
FAS BDE
III CA
             III CA

               170N, 171,
               175, 177
               8"HVT HES
               *ICM
                      NONFIRING ACTIVITIES
               OCA
       1240-1640
       1240-2330
       0800-1200
       0800-1600
       1100-1630
       1200-2400
T/CAD (TR02FZ)  0700-2400
8/175 Gun Btry  0800-2400
Arty Bd      "  0-01-2400
             Sta 30 & 33: Mission Hill  & FP  177E
             Land Navigation, Ketch Lake to  South
             Grid 513 380 FTX
             Grid 52 34
             Grid 499 407 FTX
             Bateman Woods, Grid 515 395, Peachtree
             Crossing
             Grid 402 388
             FE 714, 720, 722, 806
              rid 512 330
                              E - 13

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FIRING ORDER NR. 297
For Monday 23 Jun 75, EAST RANGE
                                                18  Jun  75


Range
TF Complex I


Problem Time

G031SJ 1220-
1640
GD02TA 1220-
1640

AT07DP/ 0730-
AT230P 1640

























Firing

510

313E


497E,

58786
59470
59895
60259
59407
59196
60964
61537
61933
62144
62626
62976
63712
64206
64438
61760
61500
62945
63260
SMALL ARMS FIRING

Unit Period
100th S & S 0730-1630
ARTILLERY FIRING
Weapon and
Pts . OPs Ammunition
Gunnery
Arbuckle Hill 10 5H VT H(
WP
408E, 408, 155H VT HC
40 8W
TAD
408S 408 155H

34642 TNT
34533
33403
33192
33573
33855
33282
33277
33918
33576
33504
33577
33199
33238
33552
46455
45900
45875
46075

Weapon and
Ammunition
Mlfi

GP
Area

: SAA

WP SAA


NAA
SAA
NAA
SAA

















Spc
0800
2400
-  347
8"H VT
BCA
                                 E -

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FIRING ORDER NR. 298
For Tuesday 24 Jun 75, WEST RANGE
                                               18  Jun  75
                        SMALL ARMS FIRING
Range
MB 1 Rifle & Pistol
MB 2 Pistol
Jones Ridge RR
Falcon Range
                 Unit
                 4/31
                 USMCR
                 USMCR
                 AF
         Period
         1200-1800
         0730-1630
         0730-1630
         0800-1700
          We anon and
          Ammunition
          7.62mm & 45 P
          45 P
          M14, M16
          Inert Bombs
                        ARTILLERY FIRING
Problem  Time   Firing Pts.
G002TC
TR02FZ
Spc
Spc
Spc
0710-1130  116N
0730-  901*, 909,
2400   914+, 919,
       920*, 922,
       923*, 930,
       650S, FEB10-
       (3783 3388)

       153E, FEE 32-
       (3731 4046)

       4149 3564
  OPs

Gunnery

  122S, 17

 T/CAD

  411395
  437344
  4334 to
   4335
1800-  36285 33826
2400   35809 35729
       35780 34871

0001-  32334 35814*
2400   32729 36427
       32881 36929
0730-  228E
1630   116N
III CA

  170N, 171,
  175, 177
  170N, 171
  175, 177
                              FAS  Bde
  126
                                   Weauon  and      GP
                                   Ammunition      Area
155H VT HC WP  ARA
155H VT HC WP  BBA
*ILLUM         WMHA
+ Direct Fire   CCA
                                             105H VT HC WP
                                             TNT
8"H VT HES
8"H VT HES
*ICM
105H
155H & 8"H
                               SMA
CCA
QCA
AGA
ARA
                            E - 15

-------
FIRING ORDER NR. 298 (Continued)
For Tuesday 24 Jun 75,  WEST RANGE
                                                18 Jun 75
ARTILLERY FIRING
Problem
Spc
Time
0001-
2400
Firing Pts.
712W
808, 810
8/175
OPS
Kerr Hill
Dalv Hill
Weapon and
Ammunition
175G
GP
Area
QCA
Spc
Spc
0001-  284, 288
2400
0730-  664, 604
1800   701
       803
       706, 643
                     1/30

                      Indian Hill  8"H VT
                      Apache R
               AGA
                             Artv Bd
                      126
105H
155H Ml09al
175G
8"H
                             2/37th
Spc
                      Indian Hill  155H
                      Apache Ridge
0600-1800  289

AIRLIFT INTO FP 228E

             NONFIRING ACTIVITIES
WMHA
BBA
CCA
RCA
               AGA
T/CAD  (TR02FZ)  1430
          0001-2400
                 FP 922, 920
                 402 388
TAD  (AS32EF)      0730-1640

     (AS32DB)      0730-1640



     (AN60AB)      1420-2330
FAS BDE  0800-1630
         1900-2400
Arty Bd  0001-2400
                       Sta 28, 29T 30 & 89; JRA  3; Mission
                       Ridge; & Barbwire Hill
                       Sta Flagg, 37, 30; Grids  591512,
                       591404, 584415, 520408, 525395,
                       507395, 483415, 480410, 443413,
                       414409, Zoom Pratt Hill
                       Land Navigation, Ketch Lake to
                       South Boundary
                 FP 261, 265, 262, Grid 520340
                 FP 215, 249 FTX
                 Grid 512330
                               E - 16

-------
FIRING ORDER NR. 299
For Tuesday 24 Jun 75, EAST RANGE
                                         18  Jun  75
                       SMALL ARMS FIRING
Range

TF Complex I



Problem  Time
G031SJ   0710-
         1130
WC02UP   0730-
         16 40
Spc      0001-
         2400
Spc      1800-
         2400
         Unit
         Period
         3/9          0630-1700

       ARTILLERY FIRING
          Weapon and
          Ammunition

          M16
Firing Pts.    OPs

             Gunnery

510
               Weapon and
               Ammunition
  Arbuckle Hill 105H VT HC
                WP
362
347
58538 34033
58320 35156
57992 35716
  WD

  402


 1/30

  407


III CA

  400E
  40 7E
  BRC
  Potato Hill
8"H VT
8"H VT
8"H VT HES
               GP
               Area
               SAA
BCA
BCA
SAA
                              E - 17

-------
                                 GLOSSARY
'A' Weighting;   An electronic filtering network employed in sound level meters
     to reduce the effect of very low and very high frequency sound on the meter
     so that its indication is more closely correlated with human response to
     sound.
Composite Noise Rating (CNR);   An estimate of community response to noise
     in a specified area based upon estimates of corresponding sound source
     intensities, incidence rates, and appropriate adjustments for time of day,
     season of year, and expected community sensitivity to noise.
Day Night Average Sound Level (|_ , ):  The energy equivalent average sound
     level for a 24 hour period calculated after compensating for the increased
     human sensitivity to environmental  noise during the nighttime by adding
     10 decibels to measured nighttime (2200 - 0700 hours) sound levels.
Decibel (dB);    In acoustics, the unit for describing the intensity of a sound.
     It is one tenth of a Bel,  the unit corresponding to the logarithm
     (base ten) of a sound's intensity relative to that of the minimum audible  sound.
Energy Equivalent Average Sound Level (L  ):      The sound level corresponding
	  eq
     to the average sound energy during  a specified period of time. Its calculation
      involves the conversion of decibels  (a logarithmic quantity) to corresponding
      intensities (a linear quantity), performing the averaging, and finally changing
      the average back to decibels.
Noise;      An undesirable sound, either unwanted or detrimental to human hearing
     or activity.


                               GLOSSARY - I

-------
Percentile Sound Level (LiQ, LCQ, etc.): The sound level exceeded a specified



     percentage of the time during a measurement period .



Sound;      In air, any pattern of air particle oscillation which propagates through



     the atmosphere.



Sound Level (dBA, etc.):    A measurement of sound amplitude, expressed in



     decibels, obtained with a standard sound level meter employing "A1, 'B',



     or 'C frequency weighting (ANSI SI.4 - 1971) for attenuating part of the



     sound spectrum. If the frequency weighting employed is not indicated,



     'A1 weighting is implied.
                               GLOSSARY - 2

-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO. 2.
EPA-906/9-76-002
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Environmental Noise Assessment
Lawton, Oklahoma
7. AUTHOR(S)
Robert M. LaBreche
Michael L. Mendias
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
City of Lawton Planning Dept., Lawton, Ok
in cooperation with U.S. EPA, Region VI;
Air and Hazardous Materials Division
Dallas, Texas 75270
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Same as above
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
S. REPORT DATE
April 1976
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
lahoma
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final Report
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
Using a simple methodology employing inexpensive equipment as described in
this report, Lawton, Oklahoma, assessed environmental noise levels in their
community during the summer of 1975. They measured equivalent sound levels
at eleven sites within the city and identified major sources of noise. The
results showed only two areas in Lawton with probable adverse noise impacts,
both in the vicinity of local airfields. Small aircraft, automobiles, and
helicopters were the most prevalent sources of intrusive environmental
noises. Oet aircraft were the most intense.
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
a. DESCRIPTORS
Community Noise
Urban Noise Surveys
Noise Measurements
Noise Surveys
IS. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Release unlimited, see availability
on inside front cover.
b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS C. COSATI Field/Group
Equivalent Sound Level
Lawton, Oklahoma
Fort Sill, Oklahoma
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report) 21. NO. OF PAGES
Unclassified
20. SECURITY CLASS (This page) 22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
                                                                 F  -  1

-------