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nencRipncNS OF 137 SITES PROPOSED FOR THE
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST AS OF FEBRDARY 1990
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This document consists of descriptions of the 137 sites (xncdudijnig^24
Federal facility sites) proposed for the National Priorities List (NFL) as of
February 1990. In some (but not all) cases, there is a status section
describing activities subsequent to proposal. In general, summaries have not
been updated since they were last issued but have merely been compiled here
into one document as a convenience.
The size of the site is generally indicated, based on information
available at the time the site was scored using the Hazard Banking System.
The size may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and
extent of contamination.
Sites are arranged alphabetically by State (two-letter abbreviations) and
by site name.
Remedial Actions
SuperfuDd
Ihe Superfund program is authorized by the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERdA) , enacted on December 11,
1980, and the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorizaticn Act (SARA) , enacted on
October 17, 1986. Under SARA, the Hazardous Substances Superfund pays the
costs not assumed by responsible parties for cleaning up hazardous waste sites
or emergencies that threaten public health, welfare, or the environment. Ihe
Superfund program is managed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA).
Two types of responses may be taken when a hazardous substance is released
(or threatens to be released) into the environment:
o Removal actions, emergency-type responses to imminent threats. SARA
limits these actions to 1 year and/or $2 million, with a waiver possible
if the actions are consistent with remedial actions. Removal actions
can be undertaken by the private parties responsible for the releases or
by the Federal Government using the Superfund.
o Remedial responses, actions intended to provide permanent solutions at
uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Remedial responses are generally
longer-term and more expensive than removals. A Superfund remedial
response can be taken only if a site is on the NFL. After publishing
two preliminary lists and proposing a formal list, EPA published the
first NFL in September 1983. The list must be updated at least
annually.
Ihe money for conducting a remedial response or removal action at a
hazardous waste site can come from several sources:
o Ihe individuals or companies responsible for the problems
can clean up voluntarily with EPA or State supervision.
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o The responsible party or parties can be forced to clean up
by Federal or State legal action.
o A State or local government can choose to assume the
responsibility to clean up without Federal dollars.
o Superfund can pay for the cleanup, then seek to recover
the costs from the responsible party or parties.
A remedial response under Superfund is an orderly process that generally
involves the following steps:
o Take any measures needed to stabilize conditions, which
might involve, for example, fencing the site or removing
above-ground drums or bulk tanks.
o Undertake initial planning activities to scope out a
strategy for collecting information and analyzing
alternative courses of action.
o Conduct a remedial investigation to determine the type
and extent of contamination at the site.
o Conduct a feasibility study to analyze various cleanup
alternatives. The feasibility study is often conducted
with the remedial investigation as one project. Typically,
the two together cost $1 million and take from 9 to 18
months to complete.
o Select the cleanup alternative that:
— Protects human health and the environment
— Attains Federal and State requirements that are
applicable or relevant and appropriate
— Makes maximum use of permanent solutions, alternative
treatment technologies, or resource recovery
technologies
— Is "cost effective" — that is, the results achieved
are proportional to the cost (tentative working
definition)
o Design the remedy. Typically, the design phase costs
$750,000 and takes 6 to 12 months.
o Implement the remedy, which might involve, for example,
constructing facilities to treat ground water or removing
contaminants to a safe disposal area away from the site.
The implementation phase typically lasts 6 to 12 months.
^[^^^^^
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The State government can participate in a remedial
response under Superfund in one of two ways:
o The State can take the lead role under a cooperative
agreement, which is much like a grant in that Federal
dollars are transferred to the State. The State then
develops a workplan, schedule, and budget, contracts for
any services it needs, and is responsible for making sure
that all the conditions in the cooperative agreement are
met. In contrast to a grant, EPA continues to be
substantially involved and monitors the State's progress
throughout the project.
o EPA can take the lead under a Superfund State Contract,
with the State having an advisory role. EPA, generally
using contractor support, manages work early in the
planning process. In the later design and implementation
(construction) phases, contractors do the work under the
supervision of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Under
both arrangements, the State must share in the cost of the
implementation phase of cleanup. EPA expects this phase
to average out at about $13.5 million per site, plus any
costs to operate and maintain the remedial action.
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ARCTIC SURPLUS
Fairbanks, Alaska
The Arctic Surplus Site covers 22 acres in the southeast part of
Fairbanks, Alaska. The site is bounded to the north by a residential
subdivision, to the south by the Alaska Railroad, to the west by Fort
Wainwright, and to the east by low-density residential property. On-site are
a variety of buildings, storage trailers, and discarded military equipment.
Salvage operations at the site were conducted from 1946 to 1976 by a
number of parties, including the Department of Defense. Approximately 3,500
to 4,000 drums are visible on-site. They contain unknown quantities of
various oils, fuels, and chemicals; many drums are leaking. Other wastes on-
site include unknown quantities of asbestos rolls, batteries and battery acid
that was drained onto the ground during battery recycling activities, and ash
piles from incineration of transformer casings.
In September 1988, contractors for the Alaska Department of Environmental
Conservation conducted a site inspection and detected significantly elevated
levels of lead, zinc, PCBs, phenanthrene, pyrene, and copper in on-site soils.
Ground water beneath the site is shallow and contains elevated levels of lead
and zinc. Over 12,000 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles
of the site.
In May and June 1989, EPA emergency staff assessed the site to determine
if a removal action is warranted. A drum inventory showed approximately 1,700
drums contained liquids or sludges, some flammable or corrosive. Chlordane, a
very toxic pesticide, was detected in soils at a concentration as high as
320,000 parts per million.
EPA started a removal action in September 1989 to stabilize the site and
prevent unauthorized access. Leaking drums were overpacked, loose asbestos
was stabilized, and a chainlink fence was erected. Additional activities are
anticipated for the spring and summer of 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ELMENDORF AIR FORCE BASE
Greater Anchorage Area Borough, Alaska
Elmendorf Air Force Base covers 13,100 acres in the Greater Anchorage Area
Borough inmediately north of Anchorage, Alaska. The base is bounded to the
west by Khik Arm of the Cook Inlet, and to the east by Fort Richardson Army
Base. Ship Creek flows along the southern perimeter. In operation since 1940,
this base now hosts the 21st Tactical Fighter Wing.
Elmendorf is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate and clean up contamination from hazardous materials. As
part of IRP studies, the Air Force identified 12 areas where hazardous
materials had been generated, stored, used, or disposed of. All require
further investigation.
Initially, the Air Force focused on five areas. In the past, landfills
D-5 (now closed) and D-7 (still active) received a variety of hazardous wastes,
including lead acid batteries and waste solvents. The landfills, unlined and
unbermed, are in sandy and gravelly soils. Shop wastes, including solvents and
paint thinners, were disposed of in a naturally occurring unlined trench
designated as Site D-17. Site IS-1 is where fuel in Building 42-400 spilled
into floor drains that feed into gravel-bottom dry wells. The last of the five
areas included in the initial investigation is site SP5, where approximately
60,000 gallons of aviation fuel JP-4 spilled, of which only 33,000 gallons were
recovered.
During IRP activities in 1983-87, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene,
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, and lead were detected in on-site monitoring wells. An
estimated 121,000 Elmendorf employees and residents of Anchorage obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.
EPA is reviewing the Air Force's workplan for a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the base
and identify alternatives for remedial action. The final workplan is expected
to be completed in the fall of 1989.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FCKT WAINWRIGfT
Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska
Fort Wainwright, in Fairbanks North Star Borough near Fairbanks, Alaska,
was established in 1947. Its primary mission is to train soldiers and test
equipment in arctic conditions. Industrial operations primarily involve
maintenance of aircraft and vehicles.
Fort Wainwright consists of a cantonment area (4,473 acres) on the eastern
border of Fairbanks, a range complex (8,825 acres), and two maneuver areas
(898,306 acres). Among contaminated areas on the cantonment area is a 50-acre
sanitary landfill that has received waste oil, waste fuel, spent solvents,
paint residues, and fuel tank sludge since the mid-1950s. The landfill is an
unlined unbermed area which is built up higher than the surrounding terrain. A
second contaminated area is the proposed North Family Housing Area, which is
3,500 feet from the landfill. The Army used the area for storage of petroleum
products, solvents, and other chemicals and for disposal of power plant ash and
slag, which contain heavy metals such as chromium and mercury.
Fort Wainwrignt is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP). Uhder this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials. In 1985 and 1986, as part of IRP studies, lead and chromium were
detected in monitoring wells at the landfill; in 1987, chromium and
tetrahydrofuran were detected in monitoring wells at the proposed housing area,
and chrcmium was detected in soil. An estimated 11,000 people, including the
entire population at Fort Wainwright (10,900 people), obtain drinking water
from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the fort.
Die Qiena River is used for sport fishing within 3 miles downstream.
Hie Army is developing a workplan for a remedial investigation/feasibility
study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the fort and
identify alternatives for remedial action. The workplan is expected to be
completed in the fall of 1989.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
STANDARD S'l'KKJ. & METAL SALVAGE YARD (USDOT)
Anchorage, Alaska
The Standard Steel & Metal Salvage Yard covers 6.2 acres in a heavily
industrial!zed area of Anchorage, Alaska. The Federal Railroad
Administration, part of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT),
acquired the land in the 1920s.
Since 1972, the land has been leased to several different recyclers whose
activities included reclamation of PCB-<:antaminated electrical transformers,
processing of various types of equipment and drums from nearby military bases,
and salvaging of assorted batteries. In November 1982, the land was leased to
Standard Steel & Metals, which subsequently filed for bankruptcy, although it
is still operating.
In May 1987, EFA detected high levels of lead and PCBs and lower levels of
tetrachloroethylene in on-site ground water. Over 121,000 people obtain drinking
water from wells within 3 miles of the site.
In November 1985, EFA detected low levels of PCBs in sediment of nearby Ship
Creek, which is used for sport fishing.
using CERCLA emergency funds, EFA has conducted removal actions at the site
during the summer seasons starting in 1986. EFA removed surface wastes —
including an estimated 8,500 batteries, 175 transformers, 1,100 drums, 3 bulk I
storage tanks, assorted containers, and metal debris—and transported the materials
to EFA-regulated disposal facilities. Work during the 1988 season completed the
removal action by securing the site in preparation for long-term cleanup. EPA's
1988 activities included sealing the soil surface in the most highly contaminated
areas, removing the remaining containers of hazardous materials, and reworking
and strengthening the security fence.
EFA plans to negotiate for further cleanup with parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
T. H. AGRICULTURE & NUTRITION CO. (MONTGOMERY PLANT)
Montgomery, Alabama
T. H. Agriculture & Nutrition Co. formerly distributed pesticides from
a plant on the Birmingham Highway on the west side of downtown Montgomery,
Montgomery County, Alabama. During the 1970s and possibly late 1960s, the
company operated under the name Thompson-Hayward Chemical Co. The plant closed
in 1980. The company changed its name to T. H. Agriculture & Nutrition Co.
in 1981.
While the plant was in operation, insecticides, herbicides, and possibly
other chemical wastes were buried in pits and trenches covering about 1 acre
of the plant's 11.6 acres. In 1981, the company excavated about 2,900 cubic
yards of contaminated soils and wastes and transported them to a hazardous
waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act.
Lindane, which the plant distributed, is present in wells on and off
the site, according to tests conducted by the State and others. Montgomery's
water supply division has 21 wells within 3 miles of the site. The system
serves an estimated 250,000 people.
Prior to Thompson-Hayward's ownership of the plant, a company that
handled water treatment chemicals operated on the site. In 1986,
T. H. Agriculture sold the plant site but retained responsibility for site
cleanup. Site ownership has changed frequently since then. Capitol City
Insulation, Inc., now occupies the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MAGNOLIA CITY LANDFILL
Magnolia, Arkansas
Magnolia City Landfill comprises two 40-acre tracts (one of which has not
yet been used) located 2.3 miles south of Magnolia, Arkansas, in Colombia
County. The area around the site is forested, with some residences.
The city has owned and operated the site since 1955, accepting
residential and commercial trash, as well as industrial wastes, from the area.
During 1955-65 and 1970-79, 56,100 gallons of solvents and other organic
chemicals from Firestone Coastal Fabrics Co. in Magnolia were burned and the
residue buried at the landfill, according to information the company supplied
to EPA as required by CERCLA Section 103(c); an additional 40,000 gallons were
also buried. Since 1971, Alumax Magnolia Division (formerly known as Howmet
Aluminum Corp. of Magnolia) has deposited about 31,200 cubic yards of aluminum
hydroxide sludge containing small amounts of phenolic glue and nickel,
according to information the company provided to EPA. An EPA inspection in
September 1986 revealed that a large quantity of sludge was being spread
evenly on a portion of the landfill.
In 1987-88, EPA found benzene, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, and
trichloroethylene in on-site monitoring wells. An estimated 200 people obtain
drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the landfill.
EPA tests conducted in February 1988 identified lead and nickel in
on-site soil.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
1CNRQE AUTO EQUIPMENT CO. (PARAGCCJID PIT)
Paragould, Arkansas
The Monroe Auto Equipment Co. Pit covers 4 acres including a 1-acre
disposal area on Finch Road in Paragould, Greene County, Arkansas. Ihe area
around the site is rural.
In 1973, the company received temporary approval from the Arkansas
Department of Pollution Control to dispose of electroplating sludges into a
pit that had formerly been mined for sand and gravel. The conpany says that
during 1973-78 it buried approximately 15,400 cubic yards of sludge containing
iron, nickel, chromium, and zinc in the pit. The sludges also contained
trichloroethylene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane used as degreasers during the
electroplating process.
Qn-site monitoring wells and a private drinking water well 300 feet
southeast (downgradient) of the pit are contaminated with 1,1-dichloroethane
and 1,2-dLichloroethylene, according to tests conducted in 1987-88 by the
Arkansas Department of Health and a Monroe consultant. The consultant also
found arsenic, nickel, and lead in the monitoring wells. An estimated
2,100 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
APACHE POWDER CO.
St. David, Arizona
Conditions at listing (June 1986): Apache Powder Co. has manufactured
explosives and fertilizers since 1922 near St. David, Cochise County, Arizona.
Large quantities of nitrates have been used. Prior to 1971, all waste water
was drained to on-site dry washes that are tributaries to the San Pedro River.
Since that time, waste water has been contained in unlined ponds ranaina from 6
to 8 feet deep. About 15 ponds coverina 10 acres are present on-site, of which
5 to 10 were in use at any one time. The waste water contains elevated levels
of nitrate. In 1982, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) found
more than 60,000 parts per million of nitrate-nitroaen in waste water. Soil in
the bottom of the dry ponds also contained hiah levels of nitrate-nitroaen, as
did ash in a burning ground located in a dry wash.
In 1980, EPA detected toxic heavy metals in one laaoon at levels above
drinking water standards. In 10 shallow wells believed to be downaradient of
Apache Powder, ADHS and the Southeastern Arizona Governments Oraanization
detected nitrate-nitrogen in excess of drinking water standards. At one time,
8 of the 10 wells were used for drinkinq water. Because nitrate is verv mobile,
it is likely that it migrates faster than toxic heavy metals, which will likely
follow the same path.
A deeper artesian aquifer is not contaminated to date, but there
may be danger of contamination in the future.
ADHS has also detected elevated nitrate levels in the San Pedro
River, which borders the plant.
Status (June 1988); This facility is beina proposed for the NPL because
it is classified as a non- or late filer under the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA). Although the facility was treatina, storina, or disposina
of hazardous waste after November 19, 1980, it did not file a Part A permit
application by that date as required and has little or no history of compliance
with RCRA Subtitle C.
After this site was proposed in June 1986, procedural and technical issues
arose. Hence, EPA re-evaluated the site and chanqed its score on the Hazard
Ranking System, which EPA uses to assess sites for the NPL. Consequently, FPA
is reproposing this site to allow an additional 60-day comment period.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LUKE AIR FORCE BASE
Glendale, Arizona
Luke Air Force Base occupies 4,198 acres in Glendale, Maricopa County,
Arizona, 13 miles west of downtown Phoenix. The base is located within the
Sonovan Desert and rests on a broad alluvium-filled valley within the western
portion of Phoenix Basin. Industrial-type operations started in 1941. Until
1946, these operations and related wastes were comparatively small. After a
period of deactivation, the base resumed operations in 1951. During the 1950s,
larger quantities of wastes were generated as a result of expanded maintenance
required for the new jet aircraft assigned to the base.
Luke Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify,, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. Under IRP, the Air Force has identified a number of
potentially contaminated areas, including five where hazardous wastes were
disposed of.
At the Waste Treatment Annex (Site No. 2), a small quantity of low-level
radioactive electron tubes, believed to be encased in concrete, was buried in a
pit 12 feet deep in 1956.
The Perimeter Road Petroleum, oil, and Lubricants (POL) Waste Application
Site (Site No. 4) was used during approximately 1951-70. POL wastes were
spread on the dirt road around the runway at the western portion of the base.
The majority of the wastes consisted of contaminated JP-4 fuel, with some
diesel fuel, waste engine oils, and waste solvents. Among the substances that
may have been included were methyl ethyl ketone, trichloroethane, trichloro-
ethylene, toluene, cresylic acid, o-dichlorobenzene, phenolic paint strippers,
acetone, and paint residues and thinners.
The POL Waste Disposal Trench Site (Site No. 5) was used during about
1970-72. POL wastes were disposed of in numerous trenches approximately 1.5
feet deep and in a shallow lagoon at the northeast corner of the site.
The South Fire Department Training Area (Site No. 6) was used during 1941-
46, and again during approximately 1951-63. POL wastes were poured onto old
aircraft or simulated aircraft in a cleared, bermed area and then set on fire.
The North Fire Department Training Area (Site No. 7) was used during
approximately 1963-73. The disposal method was similar to Site No. 6. In
November 1983, eight water supply wells on the base were sampled as part of
IRP. Analysis indicated that two of the wells had low levels of 2-dichloro-
ethane and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene. Soil near one of the wells contained
1,2-dichloroethane. An estimated 10,400 people obtain drinking water from base
and private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.
The Air Force has completed an initial assessment of the base, and its
contractor is now conducting a remedial investigations/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination and identify alternatives for
remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)rSuperfund")
MESA AREA GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
Mesa, Arizona
Volatile organic solvents contaminate five wells in Mesa, Maricopa
County, Arizona. Trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,-dichloro-
ethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and Freon-113 were detected in tests
conducted by the Arizona Department of Health Services and the City of
Tempe. Two of the wells are owned by the Cities of Mesa and Tempe.
The other three are owned by the Salt River Project and pump into the
Tempe Canal, a source of irrigation water for about 20,000 acres and a
source of raw water for the South Tempe Municipal Water Treatment Plant.
The area is highly urbanized, and the Tempe well- pumps into a
municipal supply system serving an estimated 126,000 people.
EPA is in the process of identifying potential sources of the contami-
nation.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES, INC. (BUILDING 915)
Sunnyvale, California
The Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (Buildinq 915) Site covers 5.5 acres at
915 De Guigne Drive in Sunnyvale, Santa Clara County, California. The comoanv
manufactures semiconductor/microprocessor devices on the site. Three NPL sites
are nearby: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., olaced on the NPL in June 1
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CONCORD NAVAL WEAPONS STATION
Concord, California
The Concord Naval Weapons Station is approximately 30 miles northeast of
San Francisco on the southern shore of Suisun Bay, in Concord, Contra Costa
County, California. The station is the major ammunition transshipment port on
the West Coast for the Department of the Navy. In the tidal area of the
station are three disposal areas within 0.5 mile of one another: the tidal
area landfill, the R-area disposal area, and the wood hogger area. The three
encompass over 110 acres in the western portion of the tidal area.
From the mid-1940s until 1979, the tidal area landfill was the primary
disposal site for the station, receiving wastes from virtually all station
activities. Hazardous wastes deposited at this location may include lead-based
paints, creosote-treated timbers, asbestos, acids, waste solvents, and waste
oils. The landfill lies in a diked salt marsh along Suisun Bay, and portions
of the materials disposed of there may periodically be underwater during
extremely high tides or rainfall. The R-area disposal area contains lead-based
paints and waste solvents. At the wood hogger area, wood chips contaminated
with pentachlorophenol were disposed of in wetlands adjacent to and on top of
the tidal area landfill. The total volume of hazardous wastes deposited in the
entire western portion of the tidal area is undetermined.
Wells within 3 miles of the site are used for industrial purposes and serve
as backup for a public water system serving an estimated 185,000 people. Surface
water is not used for drinking water or irrigation within 1 mile downstream
from where contaminants enter Suisun Bay. However, the bay and its marshes are
used extensively for recreational fishing and hunting. The salt marsh harvest
mouse, designated an endangered species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
resides in the tidal area.
The station is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, the
specially funded program established in 1978 under which the Department of
Defense has been identifying and evaluating its past hazardous waste sites and
controlling the migration of hazardous contaminants from these sites. The Navy
has completed Phase I (initial assessment). Phase II (confirmation study) is
underway.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CRAZY HORSE SANITARY LANDFILL
Salinas, California
The Crazy Horse Sanitary Landfill is on Crazy Horse Canyon Road within the
southeastern portion of the hilly reqion in Salinas in northern Monterey Countv,
California. The 125-acre site is owned by the City of Salinas and operated bv
Salinas Disposal Services. Prior to 1950, the site operated as an ooen burnina
dump. Since 1950, it has been a sanitary landfill. In 1977, it received a
permit from the California Reqional Water Quality Control Board (CRWCCB) to
accept residential, commercial, and industrial wastes. Some pesticide containers
have been disposed of at the facility after triole-rinsina as reauired hv
California law. The CRWQCB permit prohibits acceptina hazardous waste.
According to Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., its olant in Salinas disposed of
large cruantities of "banbury" wastes (which include rubber materials, carbon
black, other fillers, and oils) and mixed solvents (mainly benzene and toluene)
at the site from the early 1970s to about 1982.
In February 1985, CRWQCB sampled three downaradient residential wells.
They were found to be contaminated with volatile oraanic chemicals, includina
benzene and toluene. An estimated 6,200 people obtain drinkina water from
private wells within 3 miles of the site.
A consultant to the City of Salinas conducted an extensive around water
investigation in March 1985 to determine if the site is a source of the off-site
residential well contamination. The consultant concluded that the site is one
of the sources. However, the analytical results suqaested that there may be a
secondary source on private property adiacent to the landfill.
In June 1987, Salinas purchased the homes with contaminated wells and
bulldozed them. The city also pumped water from wells in an attempt to stabilize
the ground water contamination. Then six permanent extraction wells were
installed downgradient of the landfill, and the residential wells were capped
and sealed permanently. Contaminated water is pumped from the extraction wells
and is then treated by passive air strippinq. The treated water is discharaed
to a sediment retention basin on-site. When the water reaches the basin, the
contaminants of concern cannot be detected.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE
Kern County, California
Edwards Air Force Base (EAFB) is in Kern, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino
Counties, California, occupying approximately 800 square miles in the western
portion of the MDjave Desert. The base has been in operation since 1933. Its '
primary mission is to conduct research and development on new aircraft.
EAFB is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
Under IRP, the Air Force has identified 21 waste areas at the facility. Of
these, 6 are active, and 15 have been cleaned up and require no further action,
according to the Air Force. Investigation has focused on the Main/South Base
area, the North Base area, and the Air Force Astronautics Laboratory area.
The Main/South Base area, at the western edge of Rogers Dry Lake, is the
primary area for maintenance and refueling of aircraft. On several occasions,
large amounts of fuel have been spilled in the area, and poor disposal
practices have released organic solvents to the ground. Also in the area are
an abandoned sanitary landfill containing pesticides and heavy metals, an area
where electroplating wastes were dumped, and the industrial waste pond, which
contains sediments rich in heavy metals.
On the North Base area, 5 miles to the northeast of the Main Base area, is
a drum storage area at the north end of Rogers Dry Lake, and three unlined
surface impoundments into which wastes were poured during the 1960s and 1970s.
Contaminants include waste oils, solvents, and nitric acid generated primarily
by the Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory.
Trichloroethylene, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane,
tetrachloroethylene, and methylene chloride are present in ground water
underlying the Main/South Base area, according to a 1987 IRP report. EAFB's
13,800 employees obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the
Main/South Base area. Qantaminants at the North Base area could migrate
downwards and reach ground water that serves the 1,300 residents of North
Edwards.
There is no perennial surface water at EAFB.
The Air Force has completed an initial assessment of the base and is now
conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and
extent of contamination and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLAI as amended in 1986
FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORP. (MOUOTAIN VIEW PIANT)
Mountain View, California
Conditions at listing (October 1984); Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. manu-
factures semiconductors in Mountain View, Santa Clara County, California. The
facility occupies approximately 56 acres and is surrounded by residential and
industrial areas.
This site was originally proposed under the name "Fairchild Camera &
Instrument Corp. (Mountain View Plant)." The company took the new name in 1986.
Monitoring wells on the site are contaminated with trichloroethylene,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1- and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, according to
analyses conducted by a consultant to Fairchild. Contamination is believed
to have resulted from leaking underground tanks. About 270,000 people depend
on wells within 3 miles of the site for drinking water.
Since early 1982, Fairchild has been investigating the site geology and
hydrogeology and attempting to define the lateral and vertical extent of solvents
underlying the site. Fairchild has installed two wells to pump and treat the
contaminated ground water plume. The company is working with the California
Regional Water Quality Control Board to further define the extent of contami-
nation and outline various cleanup strategies.
The plant received Interim Status under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and ftecovery Act (RCRA) When the company filed Part A of a
permit application.
This is one of 19 sites in the South Bay Area of San Francisco.
Facilities at these sites have used a variety of toxic chemicals, -primarily
chlorinated organic solvents, Which contaminate a common ground water basin.
Although these sites are listed separately, EPA intends to apply an area-
wide approach to the problem as well as take specific action as necessary.
Status (February 1986); Continuing efforts to determine the extent of
ground water contamination, Fairchild has installed more than 100 monitoring
wells. . The two treatment wells are now in operation.
The California Regional Water Quality Control Board has issued Waste
Discharge Requirements to the company. The requirements are the board's
legal mechanism for regulating facilities under its jurisdiction.
On August 15, 1985, EPA issued an Administrative Order on Consent under
CERCIA Section 106(a) to Fairchild's Mountain View Plant, as well as to Intel
Corp.'s and Raytheon Corp.'s Mountain View Plants. The order calls for the
companies to conduct a joint remedial investigation/feasibility study of the
area to determine the type and extent of contamination and identify alternatives
for remedial action.
Status (June 1988); EPA is proposing to drop Fairchild Semiconductor
Corp.'s Mountain View Plant from the proposed M>L. Because the site is a
treatment and storage facility, it is subject to the corrective action
authorities of Subtitle C RCRA.
EPA has been overseeing the RI/FS required under the August 1985 order.
A preliminary draft FS is scheduled to be available for public review in July
1988.
Fairchild now has 25 wells in operation that pump and treat contaminated
ground wtaer; has installed three underground slurry walls to control migration
of contaminated ground water; and has sealed 4 old agricultural wells.
EPA may also pursue cleanup under RCRA authorities and will ensure that the
cleanup protects public health and the environment. EPA can later repropose the
site for the NPL if it determines that the owner or operator is unable or unwilling
to clean up the site effectively.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HEXCEL CORP.
Livermore, California
Hexcel Corp. operates on a 22-acre site in Livermore, Alameda County,
California. The company formulates and reacts clastic resins for coatinos and
adhesives and custom-impregnates fabrics for production of reinforced parts
for the aerospace industry. Two documented spills occurred at the site in
1983. In the first, 600 qallons of AP-92 solvent, which consists of methvlene
chloride, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), acetone, and isopropvl alcohol, leaked
from subsurface plumbing. In the second, 1,500 aallons of MFK were released
when a valve on a storage tank was left open.
In March 1983, after the first spill, the California Peaional Water
Quality Control Board issued a Cleanup and Abatement Order under the California
Water Code charginq Hexcel with improper waste manaaprnent. Under the order,
Hexcel was to investiaate the extent of contamination, clean UP soil and around
water, and prevent future spills. Hexcel excavated the tank and drilled a well
to recover as much of the solvent as possible. Approximately 5nn aalions of
the second spill were recovered, but the rest miqrated to the excavated tank
area. Consultants to Hexcel identified dimethyl formamide in on-site soil and
monitoring wells and MEK and acetone in the wells. Monitorina continues to
define the extent of contamination. An estimated 50,000 people obtain drinkina
water and 2,800 acres of agricultural land are irriaated from wells within 3
miles of the site.
This facility obtained Interim Status under Subtitle C of Resource Conser-
vation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when it filed a Notification of Hazardous Waste
Activity and Part A of a permit application to treat, store, or dispose of
hazardous waste. Later, it withdrew its Part A and converted to aenerator-only
status with EPA or State approval. Hence, it satisfies a component of FPA's
NPL/RCRA policy.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
INDUSTRIAL WASTE PROCESSING
Fresno, California
Industrial Waste Processing (IWP) occupies approximately 0.5 acre at
7140 North Harrison Street in Fresno, Fresno County, California. The area is
primarily residential, with some light industrial commercial operations.
During 1957-81, IWP principally recycled solvents and lead solder. During
1977-83, IWP operated as a distributor for Ashland Oil. Since 1983, the site
has been used solely for storage of chemicals and equipment.
During an inspection in June 1988, EPA observed piles of waste lead
solder flux and leaking asbestos bags stored on bare ground, and glycols and
chlorinated solvents stored in open and leaking drums. EPA analysis of on-
site soil identified numerous compounds, including lead, trichloroethylene
(TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE), dichloroethylene (DCE), 1,1,2,2-
tetrachloroethane (PCA), and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA).
EPA has designated Fresno County Aquifer, which underlies the Fresno
area, a sole source aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Three
municipal water systems have a total of 83 supply wells within 3 miles of IWP
that draw from the Fresno County Aquifer. As of November 1988, at least
13 of these wells contained organic solvents, including TCE, PCE, and DCE,
according to EPA tests. In May 1988, Pinedale County Water District Well #3
was closed due to contamination by organic solvents. The well, which is the
closest municipal well to IWP (within 0.25 mile directly downgradient), had
390 parts per billion, the highest concentration of TCE detected to date.
One active well within 2,000 feet of IWP supplies water to the Nelson
Elementary School. Municipal supply wells within 3 miles of IWP are part of a
distribution system that serves over 300,000 people in the Fresno area.
In August 1988, EPA used CERCLA emergency funds to remove all surface
wastes at the site and the top 2 inches of soil. The materials were
transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
INTERSIL, INC./SIEMENS COMPONENTS
Cupertino, California
Intersil, Inc., and Siemens Components have manufactured semiconductors
for several years on two locations near one another covering 15 acres in
Cupertino/ Santa Clara County, California. The facilities are surrounded
by residential, industrial, and business areas.
Investigations conducted in 1982 as part of the California Regional
Water Quality Control Board's underground tank leak detection program found
organic solvents, including trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
tetrachloroethylene, trichlorofluoroethane, and 1,1-dichloroethylene, in soils
on the site and in ground water on and off the site. Contamination is believed
to have resulted from localized spills and from leaking underground storage
tanks and piping involving the two companies. More than 300,000 people obtain
^drinking water from public wells within 3 miles of the site.
In June 1986, the California Regional water Quality Control Board issued
Waste Discharge Requirements under the California Water Code requiring both
companies to determine the extent of contamination in ground water and soils.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KEARNEY-KPF
Stockton, California
Kearney-KPF, formerly known as KPF Electric Co., began operations in
1951 on a 11-acre site at 1624 East Alpine Avenue in Stockton, San Joaquin
County, California. The area consists primarily of small businesses and
vacant lots. During 1951-65, the only major waste generated was by a
silver-plating process. In 1972, the company added a galvanizing operation.
Liquid wastes from the silver-plating and galvanizing operations were
disposed of in two on-site unlined ponds until the summer of 1985. From
then until January 1986, only rinse water was placed in the ponds.
The liquid waste contained copper, iron, lead, mercury, silver, zinc,
volatile organic chemicals, cyanide, and highly acidic and alkaline rinse
water, according to tests conducted in 1986 by a consultant to Kearney-KPF.
The consultant also found that on-site soils and monitoring wells contain
1,1-dichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and lead.
Water from seven California Water Services wells within 3 miles of the site is
blended into a system that serves an estimated 128,000 people in the Stockton
area.
This facility is being proposed for the NPL because it is classified as
a non- or late filer under the Resource conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).
Although the facility was treating, storing, or disposing of hazardous waste
after November 19, 1980, it did not file a Part A permit application by that
date as required and has little or no history of compliance with RCRA Subtitle C.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LAWRENCE LIVERM3RE NATIONAL LABORATORY (SITE 300) (USDOE)
Livermore, California
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) (Site 300) covers
approximately 2.75 square miles north of Corral Hollow Road near the City of
Livermore, California, straddling the Alameda/San Joaquin County line. The
area is rural. LLNL was first owned by the Atomic Energy Commission and is now
owned by the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) and operated by the University
of California. The main LLNL site, located 15 miles west of Site 300, was
placed on the NPL in July 1987.
Site 300's primary mission since its inception in 1955 has been to test
high explosives. It has also operated a number of solid waste landfills,
accepting waste from the LLNL main site, Site 300, and Lawrence Berkeley
Laboratory. Land, disposal ceased at Site 300 in November 1988. Site 300 also
formerly maintained a number of waste lagoons and dry wells for the disposal of
liquid wastes and waste waters. The dry wells have been removed from service,
and the lagoons have been replaced by two double-lined surface iiipoundments.
The lagoons are scheduled to be capped in the summer of 1989.
Tests conducted in 1983 by an LLNL contractor detected trichloroethylene
(TCE), trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene in on-site
monitoring wells. Soil is also contaminated. These chlorinated hydrocarbons
are found in the vicinity of Buildings 834, 830, and 817 and Pit 5. The
highest concentrations are of TCE near Building 834. TCE is used as a cooling
and heating agent to test the stability of various high explosive compounds
and is stored near Building 834 for distribution through aboveground piping. A.
leak was suspected as the source of soil and ground water contamination.
Approximately 350 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of
Site 300, most of them on Site 300 itself.
During 1983 and 1984, LLL observed increases in tritium concentrations in
shallow monitoring wells downgradient from experimental and waste disposal
areas in the west firing area of Site 300. The shallow aquifer is not a
present or potential source of drinking water.
The State has issued a draft Cleanup and Abatement Order, and EPA. has
issued a corrective action order under Section 3008(h) of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act. In the summer of 1989, USDOE plans to complete
a feasibility study identifying alternatives for cleanup at Site 300.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SOLVENT SERVICE, INC-
San Jose, California
Solvent Service, Inc., recycles waste solvents from nearby industries
on a 3.5-acre site at 1021 Berryessa Road in San Jose, Santa Clara County,
California. The neighborhood is both residential and industrial. The site
is paved and fenced.
Waste solvents and reclaimed solvents are stored in drums and underground
tanks on the site. Soil near the tanks contains high concentrations of volatile
organic chemicals, including trichloroethylene, trichloroethane, and chloroform,
according to tests conducted in 1983 by a consultant to the company. The same
solvents were also found in monitoring wells on and off the site. Solvent
Service is within 1 mile of a cluster of wells that are part of the municipal
supply for the area. This supply serves a residential and daily business
population of about 132,000 people.
In 1983, the company started to work under a voluntary cleanup agreement
with the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB). In 1985,
CRWQCB issued Waste Discharge Requirements calling for the company to define
the extent of the contamination and to install wells to stop off-site migration.
The company's consultant has produced nuinerous reports that attempt to map out
the underlying hydrogeology. The company has installed 95 monitoring wells,
on- and off-site, and also installed extraction wells and extraction trenches
to stop contaminated ground water from migrating off-site.
This facility has a final permit to treat, store, or dispose of Subtitle C
hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The
permit was issued before enactment of the Hazardous and solid Waste Amendments
of 1984 and thus does not require corrective action measures. The facility
has not voluntarily modified the permit. Hence, EPA believes that use of
CERCLA authorities will result in the most expeditious cleanup and is proposing
the site for the NPL.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SPECTRA-PHYSICS, INC.
Mountain View, California
Spectra-Physics, Inc. (SP) has manufactured electronic equipment and
gas lasers on Terra Bella Boulevard and Middlefield Roads in Mountain View,
Santa Clara County, California, since 1961. The 11.5-acre site consists of
nine buildings in a light industrial complex. SP uses a variety of cleansers,
degreasers, and lubricants in its manufacturing processes, including isopropyl
alcohol, acetone, methyl alcohol, trichloroethylene (TCE), Freon, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane (TCA), and solvasol Solvent 360. In an inspection conducted
in 1981, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board found that areas
where hazardous wastes were stored had no dikes or systems to collect leachate;
rusty barrels were also found on-site.
Ground water investigations began at the SP facility in September 1984
after tests at Teledyne Semiconductor (adjacent and downgradient of SP)
indicated possible upgradient sources' of contamination. (The Teledyne site
was placed on the NPL in July 1987.) Soil and ground water collected at SP
contained TCE, TCA, and 1,2-dichloroethylene. SP's plume of contaminated
ground water has merged with Teledyne's and migrated off-site. More than
200 private drinking water wells had been drilled into the 1-square-mile plume.
Most wells have been closed; 47 were found contaminated above state Action
Levels. The owners now obtain water from municipal water supplies. An
estimated 189,000 people obtain drinking water from public and private
wells within 3 miles of the site.
Teledyne is operating one shallow extraction well on-site. The well
pumps the water to the surface and discharges it to the sanitary sewer;
the ground water is not treated before discharge. SP will evaluate the
effectiveness of this system in preventing its on-site plume from migrating
off-site. Both companies are jointly designing an off-site extraction
system; completion is scheduled for 1988.
San Francisco Bay (2.5. miles downstream of the site) is used for
recreational activities. Permanente Creek is tidally influenced within 1 mile
of the site. Several species of birds designated as endangered species by the
U.S. Fish and wildlife Service are found within the area of tidal influence.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SULPHUR BANK MERCURY MINE
Clear Lake, California
The Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine (SBM) is on the east shore of the Oaks Arm
of Clear Lake, Lake County, California. The area was initially mined for
sulfur during 1865-68. Mercury ore was mined by underground methods during
1899-1902 and 1915-18. The majority of the mercury ore was mined using open
pit methods during 1922-47 and 1955-57. The mine, once one of the largest
producers of mercury in California, has been inactive since 1957 and is
presently owned by Bradley Mining Co. (BMC) of San Francisco.
Approximately 120 acres of tailings and an open, unlined mine pit (called
the Herman Pit) are on the property. The mine tailings extend into the Oaks
Arm of Clear Lake along 1,320 feet of shoreline. The Herman Pit covers approxi-
mately 23 acres and is 750 feet upgradient of the lake. The pit is filled
with water to a depth of 150 feet. It drains at approximately 20 gallons per
minute from the western edge of the pit to Clear Lake.
The California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) is coordinating
an ongoing investigation of SBM. Department of Health Services, Department of
Fish and Game, and CRWQCB analyses indicate that mercury is present in the
tailings and in the biota and bottom sediments in the Oaks Arm of clear Lake.
The levels of mercury in fish from Clear Lake led the State to issue an advisory
on May 14, 1986 against consumption of the fish. The lake is a major
recreational area.
On March 13, 1987, CRWQCB informed BMC that the Herman Pit is regulated
under the Toxic Pits Cleanup Act. Under the act, BMC is required to submit a
Hydrogeologic Assessment Report. However, the property owners are conducting
a waste characterization study of the site prior to submitting a Hydrogeologic
Assessment Report to determine if the site may be exempt from the Toxic Pits
Cleanup Act.
An estimated 4,700 people obtain drinking water from clearlake Oaks Water
District wells about 1 mile from the site. The wells are threatened because
they are recharged by Clear Lake. On November 4, 1987, CRWQCB awarded a contract
for a pollution abatement study of the Oaks Arm of Clear Lake and the adjacent
mine site. The study is scheduled to be completed in early 1989.
This mining site is being proposed for the NPL because the state of
California does not have an approved program under the Surface Mining control
and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA), making the site ineligible for SMCRA
reclamation funds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TRACY DEFENSE DEPOT 4
Tracy, California
The Tracy Defense Depot covers 448 acres 1.5 miles southwest of Tracy, San
Joaquin County, California. The area around the depot is primarily grassland and
agricultural. The site was an Army Supply Depot from when it was activated in
1942 until 1963, when it was turned over to the Defense Logistics Agency. In the
course of depot operations, supplies are stored and issued, and several industrial
activities are carried out. Special operations include repacking leaking chemical
containers, fumigation of shipping materials, vehicle maintenance, painting,
storage of chemicals, derusting and preserving of metal parts, operation of
chemical and photographic laboratories, storage and mixing of pesticides, and
storage and treatment of liquid and solid wastes.
Liquid waste treatment/storage areas include two unlined sewage effluent
ponds, two abandoned sewage lagoons, two lined industrial waste water ponds, an
abandoned paint spraying/stripping rinse water pond, an abandoned trench where
150 drums of lubricating oil reportedly were buried, an unlined pond for holding
storm water, an abandoned pesticide disposal trench, an abandoned area where
substantial amounts of formaldehyde were buried, and above-ground and below-ground
waste tanks. Also, liquid wastes were formerly stored on-site in an unpaved
storage area, and hazardous materials (including solvents, radiological
comnodities, medical supplies, and solid and liquid chemicals) were disposed of in
three burning pits.
Former solid waste treatment/storage areas include a fill area where food t
items were buried, a fill area where construction material was buried, and three
inpcundments where wastes containing mercury phosphate compounds were stored.
Currently, all solid hazardous waste is hauled off-site to facilities regulated
under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Tracy Defense Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
According to IRP tests conducted in 1985, the shallow aquifer below the site, which
extends from 15 feet to 250 feet below the surface, is contaminated with
trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene. The water in the aquifer, however, is
generally too saline for most uses. Municipal, private, and irrigation wells are
within 3 miles of hazardous substances at the depot. Water from Tracy's municipal
well, which is within 3 miles of the site, is blended with water from other wells
and from Delta Mendota Canal to provide drinking water to an estimated 28,600
people.
The Defense Logistics Agency is conducting a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the depot
and identify alternatives for remedial action. The work is scheduled to be
completed in mid-1990. The State is reviewing the depot's proposal to undertake an
interim remedial measure involving pumping out contaminated ground water and
treating it to remove the contamination.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the ,„,.„-,». _, ,, • ,noe
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
UNITED HECKATHORN CO.
Richmond, California
The United Heckathorn Co. Site occupies 13.5 acres adjacent to the
Lauritzen Canal at 402 Wright Avenue in Richmond, Contra Costa County,
California. The canal is on the Richmond Inner Harbor, which is on San
Francisco Bay. The area is primarily light industrial with some residential
development.
From 1948 through 1965, several companies leased the site to process
chemicals. The owners have been: from 1947 through 1961, Parr Industrial
Corp.; from 1961 through 1981, Parr Richmond Terminal Corp.; and from 1981
through the present, Levin-Richmond Terminal Corp. (LRTC). In the late 1940s
and early 1950s, Universal Pigment and Chemical Co. produced napalm on-site.
From 1958 to 1965, Montrose Chemical Corp. contracted with United Heckathorn,
United Chemetrics, and ChemWest for DDT-grinding services. These companies
were tenants on the site during this period. United Heckathorn Co. was the
last company to formulate pesticides at this site (1957-1965). Current site
operations involve metal recycling.
The California Department of Fish and Game has recorded several instances
of chemicals being discharged into the Lauritzen Canal, including naphthenic
acid in 1951 and DDT in 1960, which resulted in the death of 180 striped bass.
In August 1980, the California Department of Health Services (CDHS),
under its Abandoned Site Project, inspected the site and found elevated levels
of DDT, lindane, BHC, aldrin, and other pesticides in nine soil samples.
In early 1983, LRTC hired a consultant to study on-site DDT
contamination. Soils were found to contain DDT and xylene, and sediments from
the canal contained DDT. During the study, parts of the site were covered
with 6 to 8 inches of crushed rock. LRTC's Site Characterization Plan was not
approved by CDHS, however, so CDHS is conducting its own investigation of soil
and ground water contamination.
The Richmond Inner Harbor is used for recreational and commercial fishing
and shellfish harvesting, as well as other recreational activities. A coastal
wetland is less than 0.5 mile from the site. The harbor is part of San
Francisco Bay, which the Water Quality Act of 1987 declared to be an estuary
of national significance.
In July-August 1988, EPA detected DDT in the atmosphere at numerous
locations on and off the site. An estimated 10,900 people live within 1 mile
of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund") ^
WATKINS-JOHNSON CO. (STEWART DIVISION PLANT)
Scotts Valley California
The Watkins-Johnson Co. (Stewart Division Plant) has manufactured
industrial furnaces and electrical parts since 1965 on a 3-acre site in
Scotts Valley, Santa Cruz County, California. The California Regional
Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) and Watkins-Johnson's consultant have
detected organic chemicals, including trichloroethene, trichloroethane,
tetrachloroethene, dichloroethene, and Preon in soil and ground water on
the site. The contamination is apparently the result of improper handling
of hazardous waste.
Early in July 1986, the CFWQCB issued Waste Discharge Requirements to
the company. The reguirements are the CRWOCB's legal mechanism for regulating
activities at facilities under its jurisdiction. Later in July, CRWOCB
issued a Cleanup and Abatement Order to the company. In response, Watkins-Johnson
has begun an interim program to pump and treat contaminated ground water.
Wells within 3 miles of the site draw on the Santa Margarita Aguifer,
designated by EPA as a "sole source" of drinking water in the area. An
estimated 12,000 people use the wells.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WESTERN PACIFIC RAILROAD CO.
Oroville, California
Western Pacific Railroad Co. operated a 90-acre rail yard from
approximately 1920 to 1983 at a location 2 miles south of Oroville, Butte
County, California. Union Pacific Co. purchased the facility in January 1983.
On the facility was a wooden structure encompassing approximately 3 acres,
known as the round house, which was used to fuel, repair, service, and clean
railcars. Specific activities conducted at the roundhouse included
sandblasting, welding, cutting, and fabricating. As a result of these
activities, waste solvents, oils, grease, and waste waters containing heavy
metals were discharged to an unlined surface impoundment until October 1987.
In October 1985, the California Department of Health Services (CDHS)
detected arsenic, barium, copper, nickel, and chromium in soil and sludge in
the impoundment. Chromium also was detected in a monitoring well adjacent to
the impoundment. In addition, a consultant to CDHS found benzene and toluene
in soil and sludge in the impoundment in August and October 1987.
The California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) is
investigating the site. According to CRWQCB, ground water occurs at 30 feet
and is connected to deeper ground water that is a source of drinking water;
soils are permeable. These conditions facilitate movement of contaminants
into ground water.
Four California Water Service Co. wells are within 3 miles of the site.
Water from the wells is blended with water from Feather River to serve the
company's 10,000 customers. One of the wells is on the site and is leased
from Western Pacific. Between 1984 and 1986, California Water Service
detected dichloroethylene in the well.
Feather River is 1 mile from the site in the direction surface water
drains. The river is used for recreational activities.
In January 1989, CRWQCB issued a Cleanup and Abatement order to Union
Pacific and Salano Railcar, which has leased 5 acres of the site from Union
Pacific since 1970. The work called for includes sampling of abandoned water
supply wells to determine the best way to seal them, installation of a water
separator to collect run-off from locomotives, and installation of equipment
to prevent run-off.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHEMICAL SALES CO.
Commerce City, Colorado
Chemical Sales Co. is a family-owned chemical distribution business
located at 4661 Monaco Street in an industrial area of Commerce City, Adams
County, Colorado. The company has operated on the 10-acre site since 1977.
The chemicals handled include ketones, alcohols, aliphatic carpounds,
and chlorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
and methylene chloride. Sane chemicals are purchased in bulk and stored
in tanks fron which they are transferred to drums or other containers for
sale. In August 1985, the company reported a spill of chlorinated solvents
to the Colorado Department of Health. Another spill of water and hydrocarbons
was reported in April 1986.
EPA tests conducted in late 1986 detected trichloroethylene,
tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethane, methylene chloride, and chloroform in on-
site wells and downgradient off-site wells. An estimated 33,000 people
obtain drinking water from South Adams County Water and Sanitation District
wells within 3 miles of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHESHIRE ASSOCIATES PROPERTY
Cheshire, Connecticut
The Cheshire Associates Property occupies 15 acres (including two
residences with private wells) in Cheshire, New Haven County, Connecticut.
According to the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CT DEP),
Cheshire Associates, a New York-based partnership, has owned a major portion of
the site since 1966. The company leased its property to a variety of tenants,
including Valley National Corp. (1966-79) and Cheshire Molding Co. (1979-80).
Both companies manufactured plastic molding; neither kept records of disposal
practices and waste quantities. Airpax Corp. Plant 2, the current lessee, has
occupied the premises since 1983. The company manufactures electrochemical and
electronic devices, disposing of its wastes on-site in accordance with State
regulations. Cheshire Associates has never occupied the premises.
Soil and ground water on the site are contaminated with volatile organic
chemicals, according to a government study in December 1980. In June 1985, EPA
found organic contaminants in both on-site shallow wells and an off-site bedrock
well; two residential wells 400 feet south of the site are contaminated with
low concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene, and tetra-
chloroethylene. Approximately 330 people within 1 mile of the site use private
wells. Cheshire municipal wells serving 22,900 people are 2.1 miles southeast
of the site.
The site is in a low-lying fresh water wetland area bordered by two ponds.
In 1983, CT DEP signed a Consent Agreement with Cheshire Associates
requiring the company to remove contaminated soil on-site and to monitor eight
volatile organic compounds in the two private wells semiannually for 5 years.
In October 1983, Cheshire removed 20 cubic yards of contaminated soil to an
EPA-regulated landfill. Recent semiannual sampling indicates low concentrations
of 1,1,1-trichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene,
benzene, xylenes, and tetrachloroethylene in the private wells.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NEW ICNDON SUBMARINE BASE
New London, Connecticut
The New London Submarine Base covers 1,412 acres on the east bank of the
Thames River, New London, New London County, (jonnecticut. The area around the
base is mixed industrial, ocranercial, and residential property. Established
in 1916, the base serves primarily as an operation and support base for
submarine activities in the Atlantic Ocean.
The base is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP),
established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
Under IRP, the Navy has identified 16 potential hazardous waste disposal areas
and has extensively studied three areas.
From 1957 to 1973, volatile organic corpounds, pesticides, PCBs, spent
battery acids, and other waste were buried below the water table in the 25-
acre Area A Landfill, located on base wetlands. The second area currently
being investigated is the Defense Property Disposal Operations (DPDO) area,
which was used as a burning ground and landfill from 1950 to 1969. The third
area is the Over Bank Disposal Area (OBDA), which operated from 1957 to the
1970s.
According to Navy tests conducted in 1984, sediment and surface water in
and around Area A are contaminated with lead, cadmium, 4,4'-DDD, and 4,4'-DDT.
Ground water in some areas is as shallow as 10 feet below the surface, and
soils are permeable. These conditions potentially threaten ground water,
which provides drinking water to 3,500 to 5,000 people within 3 miles of the base.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHEM-SOLV, INC.
Cheswold, Delaware
Conditions at listing (January 1987): Chem-Solv, Inc., started a small
solvent distillation facility in 1982 on a 1.5-acre site in Cheswold, Kent
County, Delaware. The company recycled waste solvents by olacina a drum on
an electric coil heater, which distilled the solvents into a second drum.
The contents of the second drum were filtered into a third drum, which was
returned to the customer. The residues remainina after distillation were
classified as hazardous waste under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) and were stored on-site.
On September 7, 1984, an explosion and fire at the site destroyed the
entire distillation facilitv. At the time, witnesses observed fluids flowina
off a concrete pad into the soil. On September 21, 1984, and aaain on Januarv
31, 1985, the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental
Control (DDNREC) issued orders under State law callina on the company to cease
operations immediately, monitor ground water, and remove all contaminated
soil. The company failed to take any action.
DDNREC conducted studies to characterize the upper Columbia Aouifer
adjacent to the site. DDNREC1s analyses detected hiah concentrations of
organic chemicals, including trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and
1,1-dichloroethane, in soils on the site and in around water on and off the site.
Both the upper and lower zones of the Columbia Aouifer are contaminated.
About 5,500 residents are served by private wells within 3 miles of the site.
In September 1985, DDNREC excavated contaminated soil and beaan usina a
process that passes air throuqh the soil to remove volatile oraanic contaminants.
The air-strippinq process reduced contamination to levels that permitted
returning the soil to the excavated area. In December 1985, DDNREC started to
recover and treat the volatile organics in the upper Columbia Aouifer usina
an air-stripping system.
DDNREC has filed suit against Chem-Solv to recover the money it has
spent. The company has declared itself financially insolvent.
When Chem-Solv started operations, it filed Part A of a permit apolication
under RCRA, giving the company Interim Status as a storaae facilitv. On
August 6, 1985, DDNREC made a final decision to deny the storage permit.
Because Chem-Solv, Inc., has lost Interim Status (and hence authorization
to operate) and there are additional indications that the owner or operator will
be unwilling to undertake corrective action, the company meets a component of
EPA'S NPL/RCRA policy.
Status (June 1988): In May 1987, a domestic well near the site was found
to be contaminated by volatile organics and was removed from service.
After this site was proposed in Januarv 1987, procedural issues arose and
new technical information became available. Hence, EPA is reoroposina this
site to allow an additional 60-day comment period.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KENT COUNTY LANDFILL (HOUSTON)
Houston, Delaware
The Kent County (Houston) Landfill covers 70 acres on Route 397 in the
Brown's Branch Watershed, 2.1 miles north of Houston, Kent County, Delaware.
The watershed is a tributary to McCauley Pond, Murder Kill River (Cripple Swamp),
arid the Delaware Bay.
The landfill, owned and operated during 1969-80 by the county, accepted
wastes from Harrington, Dover, and other locations. Among the materials were
residential trash, pesticides, sludges from poultry processing plants, oil
sludges, hospital wastes, waste polymers, and solvents. In all, the landfill
holds an estimated 2 million cubic yards of waste and fill materials. The
wastes were deposited in trenches excavated between 10 and 25 feet. The
landfill had no liner or leachate collection system. In 1980, the county
covered the landfill with 3 to 5 feet of very sandy soil and planted grass
ard other vegetation.
Organic and inorganic contaminants, including 4-methyl-2-pentanone,
4-methylphenol, chromium, arsenic, and manganese, are present in a monitoring
well, according to tests EPA conducted in May 1986. The well is in the water-
table aquifer underlying the site that supplies private drinking water wells
in the area. Private wells within 3 miles of the site serve approximately
1,300 people; the nearest well is 1,700 feet from the monitoring well. The
tests found no contamination of private wells. Approximately 1,200 acres of
cropland within 3 miles of the site are irrigated by wells.
During EPA's May 1986 inspection, leachate was observed seeping from the
landfill. The leachate contains chemicals that may threaten nearby surface
waters, which are used for recreational activities.
The site is only partially fenced, permitting people and animals to come
into direct contact with the leachate.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Super-fund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KOPPERS CO., INC. (NEWPORT PLANT)
Newport, Delaware
Koppers Co., Inc., operated a wood preserving plant from 1940 to 1971 on
a 317-acre site at the corner of Water Street and Jones Street in Newport, New
Castle County, Delaware. The site is bounded by rivers, creeks, and the
Newport plant of E.I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co., Inc.
In 1971, Koppers sold the site to Dupont. As part of the sales
agreement, Koppers removed chemicals in the process tanks. Dupont removed all
structures from the site, which is now vacant.
The treatment process Koppers used consisted of loading railroad ties and
telephone poles into cylinders and pressure injecting them with creosote or a
mixture of no. 2 .fuel oil and pentachlorophenol. In the treatment area were a
pond filled with water used for fire protection and a sump where any effluent
from the treatment process was collected.
In December 1984, EPA detected polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS),
such as benzo(a)anthracene, pyrene, fluoranthene, chrysene, and
benzo(a)pyrene, in on-site soil, as well as in nearby creek sediment samples.
These compounds are constituents of creosote.
Ground water is the most important source of drinking water in the area.
The Artesian Water Co. draws drinking water from three wells within 3 miles of
the site and blends it with other water to serve its 150,000 customers. The
wells tap the Lower Potomac Formation, which consists of permeable deposits
and is hydraulically connected to the overlying Columbia Formation, permitting
water to move between them.
Approximately one-third of the site is wetlands, and additional wetlands
border the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SEALAND LIMITED
Mount Pleasant, Delaware
The Sealand Limited Site occupies approximately 2 acres in Mount Pleasant,
New Castle County, Delaware. The area is primarily agricultural and residential.
Operations began in 1971 when Adams Laboratory rented the property from Conrail,
Inc., to operate a rendering plant. In 1979, Conrail reportedly cleaned up
the property after Adams Laboratory abandoned the rendering plant. The property
remained vacant until September 1982, when Steve and Wayne Hawkins rented it
from Conrail. From then until August 1983, they operated a creosote
manufacturing plant under the names Sealand Limited and Oil Industry. In
addition, the facility accepted coal tar, gas tar, and ink oil wastes, allegedly
to be recycled. Instead, they were stored on-site in tanks and drums. When
the Hawkinses abandoned the facility in 1983, it contained 22 storage tanks, a
boiler house, mixing chambers, pressure vessels, several hundred 55-gallon
drums containing .assorted creosol intermediates, and a 10,000-gallon wooden
storage tank.
A 1983 investigation by the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control (DDNREC) revealed that the wooden tank and numerous
drums were leaking. Analyses of tanks, drums, and soil on- and off-site
detected polynuclear aromatic compounds, creosols, solvents, and other toxic
organic compounds.
In December 1983, in response to the imminent threat to human health, EPA
used CERCLA emergency funds to remove 240,800 gallons of coal tar, 320 drums,
and 80 cubic yards of solid waste. The hazardous materials were transported
to a facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act. EPA also cleaned the storage tanks and capped the site with a
layer of clay.
Nickel and acenaphthalene were present in an on-site monitoring well in
EPA and DDNREC analyses conducted in 1984. Soils on the site are permeable
and ground water shallow (5 feet in some cases), conditions that facilitate
movement of contaminants into ground water. Private wells within 3 miles of
the site provide drinking water to an estimated 1,000 people.
Joy Run, which receives drainage from the site, flows into the Chesapeake
arid Delaware Canal, which is used for recreational activities.
EPA is seeking to recover funds spent on its removal action from eight
parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ANACONDA ALUMINUM CO./MIDGO ELECTRONICS CORP.
Miami, Florida
The Anaconda Aluminum Co./Milgo Electronics Corp. Site consists of two
areas located directly across from each other on N.W. 76th Street in Miami,
Dade County, Florida. The site is in an industrialized area northeast of
Miami International Airport.
The Anaconda Aluminum portion of the site covers approximately 1 acre at
3610 N.W. 76th Street. Between May 1957 and February 1983, operations
involved an electrochemical process using acids and an aluminum-containing
base to produce a protective coating on aluminum. Up to 1967, a chromic acid
process was employed. The Milgo Electronics portion of the site covers
approximately 0.5 acre at 3601 N.W. 76th Street. Between 1961 and June 1984,
operations involved chrome, nickel, and copper electroplating of data
processing equipment and the manufacturing of cabinets for electronic
components. Both companies disposed of liquid waste on-site. Anaconda
Aluminum used soakage pits, while Milgo Electronics used a drainfield.
In April 1987, EPA found chromium and lead in the Biscayne Aquifer, which
EPA has designated as a sole source aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act.
At least four municipal well fields are within 3 miles of the site: the Upper
and Lower Miami Springs, the Hialeah, and the John E. Preston. An estimated
750,000 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
B & B CHEMICAL CO., INC.
Hialeah, Florida
B & B Chemical Co., Inc., has manufactured industrial cleaning compounds
on a 2-acre site in a highly industrialized area in Hialeah, Dade County, Florida,
since 1958. The Miami Canal is 800 feet to the southwest.
The company prepares its proprietary products in mixing vats. Approximately
once a year the vats and tank trucks are washed down. Before 1976, the waste
water was deposited in unlined lagoons. Since then, it has gone into a pretreat-
ment system before being discharged into the Hialeah sewer system.
Since about 1975, the Dade County Department of Environmental Resource
Management (DERM) has been concerned about the impact of the lagoons on ground
water in the vicinity. In 1985, EPA found solvents such as chlorobenzene,
trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,2-diohlorobenzene, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene in
monitoring wells on and off the site and chromium in on-site wells.
The Biscayne Aquifer supplies drinking water for all of Dade County. At
the site, a layer of quartz sand overlies the limestone aquifer; both formations
have very high horizontal and vertical permeabilities. These conditions
facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water, as well as movement of
contaminated ground water. Four municipal well fields — the John E. Preston,
the Hialeah, and the Upper and Lower Miami Springs — are within 3 miles of the
site. One well is within 3,000 feet of the site. The four well fields serve
750,000 people. Wells in the contaminated area have been taken out of service.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BMI-TEXTRON
Lake Park, Florida
The BMI-Textron Site covers 1 acre at 1121 Silver Beach Road, Lake Park,
Palm Beach County, Florida. The facility beqan operation in October 1969 under
the name Basic Microelectronics, Inc. In December 1980, the site was sold to
Textron, Inc., and began operation under the name BMI-Textron. Operations
stopped in January 1986.
The facility manufactured chrome-backed glass plates used in producing
electronic components. The process involved cutting, washinq, and polishing
glass plates before chrome was deposited. Cyanide was used in the qlass-etching
process. Liquid waste from the process was discharged to percolation tonds and
drain fields under a 4-year industrial waste water treatment permit issued on
November 17, 1980, by the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER).
Four wells were installed at the facility to monitor permit compliance. On
November 10, 1983, BMI-Textron received a Notice of Violation from the Florida
Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services for excessive levels of nitrates
and total dissolved solids, as well as pH below the allowable limits.
In August 1984, BMI submitted data to FDER showing cyanide contamination
of soil and ground water at the site. On December 20, 1984, BMI-Textron and
FDER entered into a Consent Agreement requiring the company to remove contaminated
soils at the site and to submit a detailed monitoring program for determining
the nature and extent of ground water contamination at the site. BMI-Textron
removed approximately 680 cubic yards of cyanide-contaminated soil and transported
it to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act.
In January 1986, FDER found cyanide and fluoride in three on-site monitorinq
wells and in soil near percolation pond #2. On November 18, 1986, BMT-Textron
agreed to comply with another FDER Consent Order to develop a Plan to clean UP
contaminated ground water. BMI-Textron submitted an "Investigative and Cleanup
Proposal" on January 6, 1987, in response to the November Consent Order.
Two municipal water systems drawing from wells within 3 miles of the site
serve an estimated 108,000 people in Lake Park, Riviera Beach, North Palm Beach,
and Palm Beach Gardens.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HOMESTEAD AIR FORCE BASE
Homestead, Florida
Homestead Air Force Base is in Bade County, approximately 25 miles
southwest of Miami and 7 miles east of Homestead, Florida. The facility
encompasses 2,916 acres with additional easements of 429 acres. The area
around the base is agricultural and residential. The base has jurisdiction
over several remote annexes, but there is little evidence that hazardous "^
substances have been disposed of at those locations.
The base was activated in September 1942 and initially was operated by the
Army Air Transport Command. After extensive hurricane damage in 1945, the base
was turned over to Bade County, which used it for small commercial and indus-
trial operations. In 1953, the Air Force acquired the base and rebuilt it.
t
Wastes have been disposed of on-site since the facility's inception. A
landfill was operated in the 1940s, but little is known about this operation.
During Bade County's ownership, electroplating operations were conducted on the
site, and plating wastes containing heavy metals and cyanides were allegedly
disposed of directly on the ground.
After the Air Force assumed control in 1953, hazardous substances were
disposed of in Fire Training Area 3, which was unlined and had no system to
collect residual fluids, and the Residual Pesticide Disposal Area. Several
spills also occurred, including one of PCBs from an electrical transformer.
Homestead Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. IRP studies have detected high concentrations of ethyl
ether in ground water throughout and downgradient of Fire Training Area 3.
Approximately 5,500 gallons of ethyl ether were disposed of in the area in
January 1984. The Biscayne Aquifer, which underlies the site, has been
designated as a sole source aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act. An
estimated 1,600 people obtain drinking water and 18,000 acres of farmland are
irrigated from wells into the aquifer and within 3 miles of the hazardous
substances on the site.
The base is surrounded by a perimeter canal, which discharges into
Military Canal and ultimately into Biscayne Bay 2 miles to the west.
The Air Force plans further investigations of releases of hazardous
substances and their migration under the IRP and a permit issued under Subtitle
C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and incorporating corrective
action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MADISON COUNTY SANITARY LANDFILL
Madison, Florida
The Madison County Sanitary Landfill covers approximately 133 acres
northeast of the City of Madison, Madison County, Florida. The city owned
and operated the landfill from 1971 through March 1980. According to city
records, ITT Thompson Industries, Inc., disposed of drums and waste containing
trichloroethylene (TCE) and other compounds at the landfill during this
period. The county purchased the landfill from the city and has operated
it since April 1980. The landfill is permitted by the State to accept
municipal solid waste.
In September 1984, the county found TCE in monitoring wells at the
landfill. In November 1984, the Florida Department of Environmental
Regulation (FDER) removed a number of drums from one location where ITT
Thompson's drums had been buried. Drums were removed from a second area *
in March 1985. All materials were transported to a hazardous waste facility
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Beginning in January 1985, the county sampled numerous private wells
in the vicinity of the landfill. High concentrations of TCE and
1,2-dichloroethylene were found in three wells. The county, and later
ITT Thompson, provided bottled water and ice to these families. In addition,
the city, the county, and ITT Thompson installed water filter systems at
these homes.
In February 1986, FDER entered into a Consent Agreement with the
city, county, and ITT Thompson requiring them to investigate ground water
near the site. The consultant they hired found TCE, methylene chloride,
and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene in on-site monitoring wells and off-site
private wells.
Approximately 95 private wells and 3 City of Madison wells are
within 3 miles of the site, threatening the drinking water supplies of an
estimated 4,400 people.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WOODBURY CHEMICAL CO. (PRINCETON PLANT)
Princeton, Florida
Woodbury Chemical Co. occupies 3 acres alono the west side of U.S. Route 1
in the southeast section of Dade County approximately 0.5 mile southwest of
Princeton, Florida. Since 1975, the company has blended technical-arade
materials in 50-gallon vats to oroduce pesticides and fertilizers.
The site consists of six buildings, includina an office, warehouses, and
production buildings, as well as several abovearound storaqe tanks, the
majority of which are diked. Most of the facility arounds is paved. The
surrounding area is primarily agricultural, with populations concentrated in the
small towns of Princeton and Goulds. Previously, the site was a tomato- and
potato-repackinq house and a labor camp for farm workers.
In 1986, EPA identified aldrin, dieldrin, toxaphene, and cMordane in
four surficial soil samples from the site vicinity.
The Biscayne Aouifer underlying the site suoolies drinkino water to an
estimated 17,600 residents of Dade County within 3 miles of the site. FPA has
designated the aouifer under the Safe Drinkina Water Act as the sole source
of drinking water for Dade County. A layer of ouartz sand overlies the oolite
limestone of the aouifer; both formations are hiahlv permeable, facilitatina
the horizontal and vertical movement of around water, which is about 7 feet
below the surface. Three well fields and several private wells are within
3 miles of the site. The well fields include the Elevated Tank Well Field
approximately 2.6 miles south of the site, the Narania Well Field approxi-
mately 1.5 miles to the southwest, and the Homestead Air Force Base Well Field
approximately 2.5 miles south. A private well is 570 feet from the site.
A canal owned and operated by the State is approximately 2,350 feet
northeast of the site. It flows into Biscayne Bay. Accordina to the Florida
Marine Patrol, manatees, which are designated an endangered species by the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, are frequently seen near the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund'
DIAMOND SHAMROCK CORP. LANDFILL
Cedar town, Georg ia
The Diamond Shamrock Corp. Landfill covers less than 1 acre- in Cedartown,
Polk County, Georgia. Between 1972 and 1977, the company buried drummed
and bulk waste in three 6-foot-deep trenches. The waste included
fungicides, amides, oil and oil sludges, esters, ethers, alcohols, and
metallic salts, according to the company.
The trenches are unlined, in an area of permeable soils, and in the
floodplain of Cedar Creek, which is a major tributary of the Coosa River.
Ground water is shallow (less than 10 feet). These conditions potentially
threaten surface water and ground water in the area.
An estimated 25,000 people draw drinking water from public wells
within 3 miles of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WDOLFOLK CHEMICAL WORKS, INC.
Fort Valley, Georgia
The Woolfolk Chemical works, Inc., Site covers 18 acres near the
center of Fort Valley, Peach County, Georgia. The company began operation
in 1910 as a lime-sulfur plant and has evolved into a full-line pesticide
plant formulating pesticides in liquid, dust, and granular forms for the
agricultural, lawn, and garden markets. The methods of handling these
products over the years have resulted in extensive contamination at the
site. Tests conducted by the Georgia Environmental Protection Division
in 1985 and 1986 detected metals and pesticides, including lead, arsenic,
chlordane, DDT, lindane, and toxaphene, in on-site soil and ground water,
and in an open ditch south of the plant.
Three of the five Fort Valley municipal water supply wells are
within 1,000 feet of the facility. The system is the sole source of
water in the area. Late in 1986, EPA found arsenic and lead in two of
the wells at levels below Federal drinking water standards. An estimated
10,000 people obtain drinking water from municipal wells within 3 miles
of the site.
State records indicate numerous instances where untreated industrial
waste was discharged into surface waters. During a routine inspection
in 1979, EPA discovered that the facility was discharging unauthorized
waste water from the production of the pesticide dichlorobromopropane
into Bay Creek. Records indicate that the majority of the waste waters
were discharged into a storm sewer on the site. These effluents would
flow into an open ditch located south of the plant and then into Big
Indian Creek.
The company has changed hands several times. The current owner,
Security Lawn and Garden Products Co., accjuired the operation in 1984
from Canadyne-Georgia Corp., which operated the facility during 1977-84.
In 1986-87, Canadyne capped one area of contamination and removed some
contaminated soil to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle
C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund"
KUNIA WELLS II
County of Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii
Conditions at listing (October 1984): The Kunia Wells II Site
consists of two drinking water wells that are owned and operated by the
City and County of Honolulu. The wells are located on the Schofield
Plateau in the County of Honolulu, Island of Cahu, Hawaii. They are
contaminated with dibrcmochloropropane (DBCP) and trichloropropane (TCP),
according to analyses conducted by the Hawaii Department of Health and
other government agencies. They have been closed since July 1983. The
wells are part of the Kunia distribution system that provides drinking
water to about 13,700 people.
There are several well sites with similar contamination problems
located in the Schofield Plateau/Ewa Plain area of Oahu. The City and
County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply has conducted pilot tests on
methods for decontaminating the water in the area and has had success in
removing DBCP and TCP with granulated activated carbon and with aeration
towers.
Status (January1986); EPA received numerous comments on the six
sites in Hawaii, which were the first sites proposed for the NPL on the .
basis of contamination that appears to originate entirely from the
application of pesticides registered under the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). EPA is continuing to evaluate
these sites in the context of an overall policy with respect to sites at
which contamination results from the application of FIFKA-registered
pesticides. Hence, EPA is continuing to propose the sites for the NPL.
v
A contract was awarded by a private developer to build a carbon
treatment plant at Kunia II. Construction is complete, and the plant is
scheduled to be operational in March 1986.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund")
MILILANI WELLS
County of Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii
Conditions at listing (October 1984): The Mililani Wells Site
consists of six drinking water wells that are owned and operated by the
City and County of Honolulu. The wells are located on the lower Schofield
Plateau in the County of Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii. They are
contaminated with dibronochloropropane (DBCP) and trichloropropane (TCP),
according to tests conducted by the Hawaii Department of Health and other
government agencies. Three of the wells are presently not being used.
The Mililani wells normally supply water to 19,500 people through a
closed distribution system.
There are several well sites with similar contamination problems
located in the Schofield Plateau/Ewa Plain area of Oahu. The City and
County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply has conducted pilot tests on
methods for decontaminating the water in the area and has had success in
removing DBCP and TCP with granulated activated carbon and with aeration
towers.
Status (January 1986); EPA received numerous comments on the six
sites in Hawaii, which were the first sites proposed for the NPL on the
basis of contamination that appears to originate entirely from the
application of pesticides registered under the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). EPA is continuing to evaluate
these sites in the context of an overall policy with respect to sites
at which contamination results from the application of FIFRA-registered
pesticides. Hence, EPA is continuing to propose the sites for the NPL.
The developer of Mililani Town has awarded a contract to build a carbon
treatment plant at the wells. The plant will be designed to remove the
pesticides from the water prior to distribution. The plant is complete
and is scheduled to be operational in March 1986.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SCHOFTELD BARRACKS (
Oahu, Hawaii
Schofield Barracks, an installation of the Army Support Command, Hawaii,
covers 17,725 acres in central Qahu, Hawaii. The area around the barracks is
mostly rainforest; the closest municipality is Wahiawa to the north.
The facility is divided into two areas: East Range and the Main Post. Schofield
Barracks was established in 1908 to provide a base for the Army's mobile
defense of Pearl Harbor and the entire island. Industrial operations involve
maintenance, repair, painting, and degreasing, all using various organic solvents.
In April 1985, the Hawaii Department of Health informed the Army that high
levels (30 parts per billion) of trichloroethylene (TCE) had been detected in
wells supplying drinking water to 25,000 people at Schofield Barracks. An
additional 55,000 people in Wahiawa and Miliani obtain drinking water from
public wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.
An Army investigation in May 1985 confirmed ICE contamination of drinking
water wells, and reconmended short-, medium-, and long-term measures. In September
1986, the Army started operating an air stripping facility to remove TCE from the
contaminated Schofield Barracks wells, making the water safe to drink.
Within 3 miles downstream of the base, Wahiawa Reservoir is used to irrigate
3,000 acres of pineapple fields and is also used for recreational activities.
Schofield Barracks is participating in the Installation Restoration Program.
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund"
WAIAWA SHAFT
County of Honolulu, Island of Cahu, Hawaii
Conditions at listing (October 1984); The Waiawa Shaft is located
on the Ewa Plain.^in the County of Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii, and
is owned and operated by the U.S. Navy. The well is part of a closed
distribution system which provides drinking water to 64,000 people in the
area of McGrew Point, Pearl Harbor, and part of Hickam Air Force Base.
The well is contaminated with dibrcmochloropropane (DBCP) and trichloro-
propane (TCP), according to analyses conducted by the U.S. Navy and other
government agencies.
There are several well sites with similar contamination problems
located in the Schofield Plateau/Ewa Plain area of Oahu. The City and
County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply has conducted pilot tests on
methods for decontaminating the water in the area and has had success in
removing DBCP and TCP with granulated activated carbon and with aeration
towers. The Navy is currently reviewing alternative treatment methods
for DBCP removal in a study designed to complement the Board of Water
Supply effort.
Status (January 1986); EPA received nunerous comments on the six
sites in Hawaii, which were the first sites proposed for the NPL on the
basis of contamination that appears to originate entirely from the
application of pesticides registered under the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FTFRA). EPA is continuing to evaluate
these sites in the context of an overall policy with respect to sites
at which contamination results from the application of FIFRA-registered
pesticides. Hence, EPA is continuing to propose the sites for the NPL.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
WAIPAHU WELLS
County of Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii
Conditions at listing (October 1984); The Waipahu Walls Site
consists of four drinking water wells that are owned and operated by the
City and County of Honolulu. The wells are located on the Ewa Plain in
the County of Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii. They are contaminated
with ethylene dibromide (EDB) and trichloropropane (TCP), according to
analyses conducted by the Hawaii Department of Health and other government
agencies. The Waipahu Wells are part of a distribution system which
serves 13,700 people in Waipahu, Ewa, and Waianae. All the wells have
been closed down.
There are several well sites with similar contamination problems
located in the Schofield Plateau/Ewa Plain area of Oahu. The City and
County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply has conducted pilot tests on
methods for decontaminating the water in the area and has had success in
removing TCP with granulated activated carbon and with aeration towers.
However, because of continuing contamination, the people served by the
Waipahu Wells are being provided with an alternative supply of drinking
water.
Status (January 1986); EPA received numerous comments on the six
sites in Hawaii, which were the first sites proposed for the NPL on the
basis of contamination that appears to originate entirely from the
application of pesticides registered under the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). EPA is continuing to evaluate
these sites in the context of an overall policy with respect to sites
at which contamination results from the application of FIFRA-registered
pesticides. Hence, EPA is continuing to propose the sites for the NPL.
The Board of Water Supply is building a carbon treatment plant at
the Waipahu well field. The treatment plant will be designed to remove
the pesticides from the water prior to distribution. The plant is
scheduled to be operational in the summer of 1986.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund"
WAIPIO HEIGHTS WELLS II
County of Honolulu, Island of Qahu, Hawaii
Conditions at listing (October 1984); The Waipio Heights Walls II
Site consists of two drinking watery wells that are owned and operated by
the City and County of Honolulu. The wells are located in Waipio on the
lower Schofield Plateau in the County of Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii.
One well is contaminated with trichloropropane (TCP), according to analyses
conducted by the Hawaii Department of Health and other government agencies.
The other well has been shut down for repairs and has not been tested for
contamination. The wells are part of a distribution system which serves
3,400 people in the Waipio Heights area.
There are several well sites with similar contamination problems
located in the Schofield Plateau/Ewa Plain area of Oahu. The City and
County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply has conducted pilot tests on
methods for decontaminating the water in the area and has had success in
removing TCP with granulated activated carbon and with aeration towers.
Status (January 1986); EPA received numerous comments on the six
.sites in Hawaii, which were the first sites proposed for the NPL on the
basis of contamination that appears to originate entirely from the
application of pesticides registered under the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). EPA is continuing to evaluate
these sites in the context of an overall policy with respect to sites
at which contamination results from the application of FIFRA-registered
pesticides. Hence, EPA is continuing to propose the sites for the NPL.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHEMPLEX CO.
Clinton/Camanche, Iowa
Conditions at listing (October 1984): The Chemplex Co. facility is on the
western edge of Clinton and Camanche, Clinton County, Iowa. The facility has
manufactured high- and low-density polyethylene since 1968. Wastes generated
by this facility include peroxides, mineral spirits, vinyl acetate, and various
organic hazardous substances such as styrene, benzene, toluene, and polyaromatic
hydrocarbons. Unknown quantities of these wastes were disposed of in an unlined
landfill on the site, which has been covered and is no longer used. Waste
water containing some of these constituents was also stored in a 2-acre lined
impoundment on the site. During dredging of the sediments from the bottom of
the impoundment, the liner was ruptured, releasing hazardous substances.
The facility received Interim Status under Subtitle C of.the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when the company filed Part A of a permit
application.
Ground water downgradient of the landfill and the impoundment is contam-
inated with polyaromatic hydrocarbons and the other organic chemicals identified
above, according to tests conducted by the company and its consultants. The
company has recovered previously released hazardous substances and taken measures
to prevent the release of additional hazardous substances. The company is
conducting additional investigations to completely characterize releases from
the landfill.
About 5,000 people depend on wells within 3 miles of the site as a source
of drinking water.
Status (January 1986): Effective December 31, 1984, Northern Petro
chemical Co., now USI Co., purchased substantially all assets of the company.
The facility has installed a system for recovering contaminated ground
water and treating it prior to disposal.
In February 1985, the facility submitted Part B of its RCRA permit
application. EPA is reviewing the application.
Status (June 1988); EPA is proposing to drop Chemplex Co. from the proposed
NPL. Because the site is a treatment, storage, and disposal facility, it is
subject to the corrective action authorities of Subtitle C of RCRA.
On September 19, 1987, EPA and the past and present owners/operators
of the Chemplex plant signed an Administrative Order on Consent under CERCLA
Section 106. The order calls for Chemplex to characterize an on-site landfill,
sample Rock Creek, which is downgradient, and improve the ground water recovery
system.
EPA may also pursue cleanup under RCRA authorities and will ensure
that the cleanup protects public health and the environment. EPA can later
repropose the site for the NPL if it determines that the owner or operator is
unable or unwilling to clean up the site effectively.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., INC. (COUNTY ROAD X23)
West Point, Iowa
The E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co./ Inc., Site consists of two
areas off County Road X23 in a rural area of Lee County approximately 3.5
miles southeast of West Point, Iowa. In the early 1950s, Du Pont sent
wastes from its nearby Fort Madison paint plant to the two areas, which
are about 1.25 miles apart and cover about 4 acres.
Du Pont estimates that it sent 12,000-18,000 55-gallon drums of
waste annually to the site. Disposal occurred from April 1949 to November
1953 at the first area, now owned by a private citizen, and on a limited
basis during November 1952-November 1953 to the second area, now owned
by Du Pont. On both areas, wastes were dumped into shallow trenches
(each reportedly 75-100 feet long, 10-12 feet wide, and 3-4 feet deep) and
periodically burned. The trenches have since been filled and the area
graded. Ravines are adjacent to the two disposal areas on the north-northwest
sides.
EPA investigations in April 1987 detected lead in on-site wells. An
estimated 1,200 people depend on private wells within 3 miles of the site
as their sole source of drinking water. Two creeks approximately 1 mile
from the site are used for limited recreational activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FAIRFIELD COAL GASIFICATION PLANT
Fairfield, Iowa
The Fairfield Coal Gasification Plant occupies one city block in Fairfield,
Jefferson County, Iowa. It is bordered on the west by a residential area.
Iowa Electric Light and Power Co. has owned the site since 1878. This company
was known as Interstate Power Co. during 1878-1917 and Iowa Electric Co. from
1917 to 1953, when it assumed its present name. During 1878-1950, the facility
produced a natural gas substitute from coal. Since 1950, the site has served
as a maintenance garage.
The main wastes associated with coal gasification are polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are found in coal tar, a by-product of gasification,
and cyanide salts, which are found in iron oxide waste produced during purifi-
cation of the manufactured gas. Some of the coal tar was sold and some was
buried in an earthen pit on-site or dumped in a nearby ditch. Disposal methods
for the iron-cyanide waste are not known, but it may also have been dumped
on-site.
In 1985, Iowa Electric Light and Power Co. consultants detected PAHs,
including benzene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene, in
ground water near the site. The company is monitoring ground water quarterly
to verify that contamination is not reaching private wells within 0.5 mile of
the facility.
An intermittent stream flowing from the site intersects Cedar Creek 2.9
miles downslope. The creek is used for recreational activities.
A critical habitat for the slender glass lizard, designated by the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service as an endangered species, is within 1 mile of the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FARMERS' MUTUAL COOPERATIVE
Hospers, Iowa
The Farmers' Mutual Cooperative site covers approximately 6 acres in
Hospers, Sioux County, Iowa, along the east side of the Floyd River. The
cooperative owns the property and has operated an agricultural supply and
service business at this location since 1908. At present, the cooperative
stores bulk grain, fertilizers, and pesticides.
In 1984, the Iowa Department of Environmental Quality found 1,2-dichloro-
ethane, carbon tetrachloride (a grain fumigant), and chloroform in two Hospers
municipal wells within 3 miles of the site. The wells, which serve an estimated
1,800 people, have been replaced with new uncontaminated wells. In 1985, a
consultant to the cooperative found some of the same chemicals in on-site soils
and ground water and in Floyd River downstream of the site.
In August 1986, the State issued an Administrative Order requiring the
cooperative to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action. Partial results were submitted to the State
in February 1987, and negotiations culminated in a Consent Order in June 1987.
The order provides for a ground water study and completion of the RI/FS.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
IOWA ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
Middletown, Iowa
The Iowa Army Ammunition Plant (IAAP) covers 19,127 acres in rural Des
Moines County near Middletown, Iowa, approximately 10 miles west of Burlington.
lAAP's primary mission since 1941 and intermittently to the present has been to
load, assemble, and pack a variety of conventional ammunitions and fusing
systems. The current operating contractor is Mason and Hanger-Silas Mason Co.,
Inc.
Wastes currently produced at IAPP consist of various explosive-containing
sludges, waste water, and solids; lead-containing sludges; ashes from
incineration and open burning of explosives; and waste solvent from industrial
and laboratory operations. The explosives include trinitrotoluene (TNT),
dinitrotoluehe (DNT), and cyclomethylenetrinitramine (RDX). Past operations
generated waste pesticides, radioactive wastes that have been removed from the
site, and incendiaries.
IAAP is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP). Under
this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,
investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials. As part of
IRP, the Army has identified a number of potentially contaminated areas,
including an abandoned 4-acre settling lagoon at Line 800, which received
explosive-containing waste water during 1943-70. It now holds an estimated
37,000 cubic yards of hazardous sludges. A second area under investigation
involves an earthen and concrete dam across Brush Creek, which was used during
1943-57. Waste water from Line 1 flowed through a 3.6-acre sedimentation area
where explosives settled out, and the liquids overflowed the dam into Brush
Creek.
IRP tests conducted in 1981 and 1983 detected TNT, DDT, and RDX in wells
downgradient of the lagoon and dam. An estimated 100 people obtain drinking
water from private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances at the base.
In 1984, IRP tests detected RDX and TNT in water from Brush Creek, and
RDX, TNT, and lead in creek sediments. Surface water within 3 miles downstream
of the site is used for recreational activities.
Three incinerator-furnace units and a spray evaporation pond on IAAP are
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LEHIGH PORTLAND CEMENT CO.
Mason City, Iowa
Lehigh Portland Cement Co. owns and operates a portland cement
processing facility on approximately 150 acres on the north side of Mason
City, Cerro Gordo County, Iowa. The facility has been in operation since
1911. A by-product of its cement manufacturing process is waste kiln
dust, which contains sulfates, potassium hydroxide, and chromium. The
dust is placed in piles throughout the facility, and a large quantity is
also disposed of directly into two of the four abandoned quarries on the
property. The quarries are filled with water and drain into Calmus Creek
directly south of the site.
In August 1984, the Iowa Department of Water, Air, and Waste Management
(WAWM) conducted a comprehensive study of Calmus Creek and found
contamination related to Blue Waters Pond, which is on the Lehigh site.
In April 1985, a consultant to Lehigh started a study of the
feasibility of eliminating Blue Waters Pond. Also in April 1985, WAWM
issued an Administrative Order under the State water pollution control
law requiring Lehigh to conduct a hydrogeologic investigation of the West
Quarry. Lehigh installed three monitoring wells and sampled ground water
and surface water. Wells downgradient of the site had significantly
elevated pH levels (a maximum of 11.85), along with elevated levels of
potassium, sodium, silicon, sulfates, total dissolved solids, and total
organic carbon. An estimated 31,000 people obtain drinking water from
public and private wells within 3 miles of the site. Wells are the sole
source of drinking water in the area.
The pH of the surface water (Arch Pond and Blue Waters Pond) averaged
12. The Winnebago River is used for recreational activities within 3
miles downstream of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NORTHWESTERN STATES PORTLAND CEMENT CO.
Mason City, Iowa
The Northwestern States Portland Cement Co. (NWSPC) Site covers 35
acres in Mason City, Cerro Gordo County, Iowa. In 1950, NWSPC ceased
limestone mining operations and abandoned the quarry west of the plant.
In about 1969, NWSPC began using the West Quarry for disposal of cement
kiln dust, continuing until April 1985. Over the years, the dumping has
reduced the area and volume of the West Quarry. During this same time,
the water level has risen approximately 2 feet per year, filling in the
quarry so that it now holds approximately 420 million gallons of water.
The waste kiln dust is very caustic (pH 12.4), according to tests
conducted by the Iowa Department of Water, Air, and Waste Management (IDWAWM)
in October 1979 and August 1983'. Additional sampling by a consultant to
NWSPC in September 1983 was consistent with earlier data.
Mason City municipal wells are within 3 miles of the site and serve a
population of about 30,000. The wells are drilled into the Jordan Aquifer
but are open to overlying formations. The Devonian aquifer, the shallowest
dependable source of water for many county residents, is one of the
overlying formations. Waste kiln dust has been deposited into this formation.
Calmus Creek, which borders the site downstream, shows high pH levels,
according to tests conducted by a consultant to the company in 1985. The
creek is used for recreational activities.
On April 2, 1985, the State issued an Administrative Order under a
State waste water law requiring the company to cease discharge to Calmus
Creek and conduct a study to determine the impact of the quarry on ground
water. The company submitted a report to the State dated August 12,
1985. The discharge to Calmus Creek has been discontinued, and the
ground water study is continuing.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PEOPLES NATURAL GAS CO.
Dubuque, Iowa
The Peoples Natural Gas Co. Site covers approximately 15 acres in
downtown Dubuque, Dubuque County/ Iowa. A natural gas substitute was
produced from coal on the site during 1890-1957 by Key City Gas Co. In
the early 1950s, Key City sold out to North Central Gas, which was later
absorbed by Peoples Natural Gas Co. In the late 1970s, Peoples Natural
Gas sold the site to the city of Dubuque, which uses it as the Dubuque
Municipal Garage.
The main wastes associated with coal gasification are polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are found in coal tar, a by-product of
the gasification process, and cyanide salts, which are found in iron oxide
waste produced during purification of the manufactured gas. Coal tar waste
was deposited in underground tanks, and the iron-cyanide waste was buried
on-site.
In November 1983, the Iowa Department of Transportation, which had
targeted the site for highway construction, found a layer of tar in soil samples
collected at the site. The samples contained cyanide, phenols, and two PAHs—
naphthalene and acenaphthalene. The State and EPA have detected the same
contaminants in on-site wells. An estimated 60,000 people obtain drinking
water from municipal wells within 3 miles of the site.
The Mississippi River is approximately 500 feet east of the site.
Surface water downstream is used for industrial and recreational activities.
A wildlife and fish refuge is 2 miles downstream, and wetlands are within
0.5 mile.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SHELLER-GLOBE CCRP. DISPOSAL
Keokuk, Iowa
Sheller-Globe Corp. operated an industrial landfill and solvent burning
area in Lee County 4 miles north of Keokuk, Iowa, from 1947 to 1970. The
5-acre site is in a heavily wooded, rural area. The land was filled in and
sold in 1980 to an individual who built a hone on the site and draws water from
an on-site well.
Sheller-Globe Corp. manufactured rubber products, including automobile
weather stripping at a facility adjacent to the disposal area. Liquids and
sludges from the operation were deposited directly into a ravine with no system
for diverting surface run-off. Among wastes deposited, according to the company,
were at least 1,000 drums of paint sludge, methylene chloride, toluene diiso-
cyanates, methyl ethyl ketone, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, and resins
containing fluorocarbons. Solvents were periodically burned in the open.
In December 1987 tests, EPA detected arsenic, chromium, lead, mercury,
nickel, zinc, benzene and toluene in on-site soil, ground water, and surface
water. An estimated 1,125 people obtain drinking water from private wells
within 3 miles of the site.
In December 1987, EPA also observed seepage and an oil sheen on an
intermittent stream near the northeast edge of the site. The Mississippi River
2.8 miles downstream of the site is used for recreational boating and fishing.
In March 1988, EPA observed 52 drums on the surface, as well as scrap
rubber and polyurethane foam.
U.S Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WHITE FARM EQUIPMENT CO. DUMP
Charles City, Iowa
The White Farm Equipment Co. Dump occupies approximately 20 acres along
the north border of Charles City, Floyd County, Iowa. The dump is an old sand/
gravel pit that is bordered along the northwest and southern edges by wetlands.
Tractors and other farm equipment have been manufactured near the dump since
the early 1900s.
White Farm Equipment operated on land leased from H. E. Construction Co.
until it filed for bankruptcy in 1980. Allied Products Co. purchased the
operation in late 1986. Starting in the 1920s, White Farm's operations
generated foundry sand, sludges, and dust from air pollution control equipment.
Nearby residents have complained of dust blowing off the dump. White Farm
hauled at least 6,300 tons of foundry sand and 47,000 cubic yards of sludges to
the dump.
In April 1986, EPA detected arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and
zinc in on-site soils, private wells downgradient of the site, and sediments
and surface water in the adjacent wetlands. Charles City draws its drinking
water from the aquifer underlying the site. An estimated 10,000 people obtain
drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site. The
contaminated wetlands flow into the Cedar River, which is used for recreational
activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EASTERN MTCHAUD FIATS COOTAMINATICN
Pocatello, Idaho
She Eastern Michaud Flats Contamination Site covers 2,530 acres in Power
County, Idaho, near Pocatello. Die Michaud Flats are on the Snake River Plain
and are bounded on the north by American Falls Reservoir, on the east by the
Portneuf River, on the west by the Rock Creek, and on the south by foothills of
the Deep Creek Mountains and Bannock Range. Within the eastern part of the
flats are two adjacent phosphate processing facilities. FMZ Corp. has produced
elemental phosphorus from phosphate shale ore on 1,400 acres since 1949. J. R.
Simplot Co. has produced a variety of fertilizer products from phosphate ore on
1,130 acres since 1944.
Waste water from both facilities has been stored or disposed of in unlined
ponds. FM3 is phasing out the use of unlined ponds, and J.R. Simplot has
implemented a waste water treatment system. In the summer of 1987, EPA
detected elevated levels of heavy metals in sediments of the unlined ponds at
both facilities and in waste water at J. R. Siiriplot. In addition, arsenic,
cadmium, and selenium were detected in monitoring wells in the deep confined
aquifer.
Public and private wells within 3 miles of the area provide drinking water
to an estimated 55,000 people and are also used to irrigate over 2,100 acres of
forage crops. A private well is 800 feet from an on-site lagoon. In 1976, the
State of Idaho closed a drinking water well downgradient of FMZ due to elevated
arsenic levels. Currently, no other private or public water supply wells are
known to be contaminated, although elevated levels of arsenic were detected in
a downgradient spring used for drinking.
U S Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MUSATCTO CHEMICAL CO. (SCCfr SPRINGS PLANT)
Soda Springs, Idaho
Monsanto Chemical Co. has produced elemental phosphorus in southeastern
Idaho 1 mile north of Soda Springs, Caribou County, since 1952. One 530-acre
site is in a broad, flat valley near the western base of the Aspen Range.
Significant agricultural crops in the area include wheat and hay. A number
other large industrial complexes are in the valley, including Kerr-McGee
Chemical Corp., directly across State Highway 34 from Monsanto. Ine Kerr-McGee
plant is also being proposed for the NPL at this time.
Monsanto's Soda Springs plant generates a number of process waste streams
containing inorganic compounds. Most liquid and solid wastes are stored or
treated in on-site ponds or piles. Slag constitutes the greatest quantity of
waste. Molten slag is tapped from the base of the electric air furnaces
producing phosphorus and poured out to cool in piles.. Tne piles cover a large
portion of the site and are more than 150 feet high.
As part of a hydrogeological investigation conducted by a Monsanto
contractor in 1984, 31 monitoring wells were installed around the facility in
support of existing wells, and pump tests were performed on numerous monitoring
wells and three on-site wells supplying water to the plant. Ground water
contamination was detected at the site. The contractor identified the sources
as a leaky hydroclarifier and several unlined ponds. Monsanto has discontinued
use of the old ponds, installed new lined ponds, and replaced the old clarifier.
Qn-site monitoring wells and sediments in an old unlined pond that
received process waste water contain arsenic, cadmium, and chromium, according
to tests conducted as part of a November 1987 EPA site inspection. Within
3 miles of the site are public springs and private wells that provide drinking
water to an estimated 3,000 people.
Water discharging from an on-site pond to Soda Creek 2,000 feet away
is contaminated with cadmium, according to EPA analyses conducted in 1985.
Water withdrawn from Soda Canal 1.2 miles downstream is used to irrigate 4,040
acres.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MOUNTAIN HOME AIR FORCE BASE
Mountain Hone, Idaho
Mountain Hone Air Force Base covers approximately 9 square miles on a
plateau in Elmore County southwest of Mountain Home, Idaho. The area around
the base is primarily agricultural. Hie base, established in 1943, has been
under the control of the Tactical Air Command since 1965.
Mountain Home Air Force Base is participating in the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the
Department of Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up
contamination from hazardous materials. Under IRP, the Air Force has
investigated numerous potentially contaminated areas, including two abandoned
landfills, a waste oil disposal area, four abandoned and one active fire
training areas, and the entomology shop yard, where pesticides were rinsed from
application equipment. Wastes disposed of at these locations include solvents
and pesticides.
EPA tests conducted in October 1987 found elevated levels of
tribromomethane (bromoform) in several on-site wells serving the base.
Bromoform is a component of fire extinguishing agents and is also used as a
solvent. Over 14,000 people obtain drinking water and land is irrigated from
wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.
The Air Force is developing a workplan for a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the
base and identify alternatives for remedial action. The workplan is expected
to be completed in the fall of 1989.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ADAMS COUNTY QUINCY LANDFILLS #2 & #3
Quincy, Illinois
The Adams County Quincy Municipal Landfills #2 and #3 are approximately 5
miles east of Quincy, Adams County, Illinois. Landfill f2 covers 11.75 acres
and landfill #3 approximately 40 acres. In 1973 and 1975, they were permitted
by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) to operate as solid
waste disposal sites.
As the only operating, permitted landfills in Adams County from
September 1972 to August 1978, Quincy landfills received the majority of the
county's waste, including putrescible, nonputrescible, demolition, combustible,
and hazardous materials. IEPA records show that the City of Quincy accepted
liquid industrial waste for disposal into pits until the liquids could be
pumped into the covered portions of the site. The site was unlined. wastes
disposed of included solvents, acids, sludges containing heavy metals, spent
organic solvents used in degreasing, waste water treatment sludges from
electroplating operations, hydraulic oil, machine coolants, thinners, acetone,
and toluene. An estimated 23,000 drums of hazardous wastes were accepted. The
site involved area fill and trench fill operations.
Ground water samples taken on-site by IEPA in September 1985, January 1986,
and April 1986 showed contamination by 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
methane chloride, trichloroethylene, benzene, and selenium. In June 1985 and
August 1986, IEPA sampled two nearby private wells. One well was contaminated
by 1,1-dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, chloroform, tetrachloroethylene, and
benzene. (Both wells were closed, and the city provided an alternative water
supply.) other wells showed elevated levels of iron, cyanide, and zinc. An
estimated 300 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of
the site.
In an inspection conducted in 1984, EPA observed leachate seeps and ponds
at the site, threatening nearby surface waters. The site is not completely
fenced, making it possible for people and animals to come into direct contact
with hazardous substances.
In mid-1987, a contractor for a number of parties potentially responsible
for wastes associated with the site started a remedial investigation/feasibility
study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BELOIT CORP.
Rockton, Illinois
Beloit Corp. has occupied a 175-acre site in the Village of Rockton,
Winnebago County, Illinois, since 1961. There are two operations at the site:
a plant for manufacturing wet-end paper-making machines, and a research and
development facility for designing and demonstrating the machines to prospective
customers.
The facility purchases clean virgin pulp to make multilavered paper
products. The waste water and paper fibers generated ao to three unHned sur-
face impoundments. The paper fiber sediment from the botton of the impoundments
is spread on the ground in accordance with a State permit issued in December
1983. In May 1983, the Illinois Environmental Protection Aqency (TFPA) found
1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene in sediments
in the ponds and in November 1985 found toluene in pond water.
On-site monitoring wells contain 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane,
and 1,1-dichlorethylene and nearby private wells contain trichloroethvlene,
according to tests conducted in November 1985 by Beloit Corp.
An estimated 15,000 people obtain drinking water from public and private
wells within 3 miles of the site. The Winnebago County Department of Public
Health, IEPA, and the Illinois Department of Public Health are workina together
on a program to monitor ground water in the Rockford area.
Rock River is less than 50 feet from Beloit1s surface impoundments. Local
surface water is used for recreational activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Super-fund hazardous waste site listed under the .000
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CENTRAL ILLINOIS PUBLIC SERVICE CO.
Taylorville, Illinois
Central Illinois Public Service Co. (CIPS) formerly operated a
coal gasification plant on a 1.0-acre site in Taylorville, Christian
County, Illinois. The site is bordered by Webster Street and Manners
Park on the east, the CIPS pole storage yard and N&W Railroad on the
west, private residences on the north, and a large wooded area to the
south. The site currently consists of an office building with a gravel
parking lot to the west and an undeveloped lot to the south.
The gas plant was constructed in 1892 and operated by Taylorville
Gas and Electric Co. until 1912, when it was acquired by CIPS. Operations
stopped in 1932. CIPS sold the property in 1961.
In producing a natural gas substitute, the process generated coal
tar, which contain polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other
impurities that were periodically removed and sold or given away for use
as road oil, roofing tar, or a pesticide. When CIPS abandoned the facility,
the aboveground structures were razed. Underground tanks and other
equipment remained in place. The tar remaining in the tanks was covered
with miscellaneous debris and fill.
Contamination at the Taylorville site was first suspected when Apple
Construction Co., which acquired the site in April 1985, was excavating a
trench for a septic tank drainage line. The trench was directly adjacent
to and east of the abandoned storage tank at the site. Workers noted
strong odors, discoloration of the excavated soils, and a dark viscous
material throughout the soil. CIPS was notified of the problems and
immediately began an investigation.
By mid-1986, CIPS confirmed the presence of PAHs, including
benzo(a) pyrene, anthracene, and phenanthrene, as well as benzene and
toluene, in soils and ground water within the site boundaries.
Soils/sediments and ground water off-site and,to a lesser extent,
surface water are similarly contaminated. An estimated 12,700 people
obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of
of the site. Contaminants were found as far away as the south Fork of
the sangamon River, 0.4 mile from the site. Local surface water is
used for recreational activities.
The site is partially fenced, making it possible for people and
animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
In December 1986, CIPS purchased the site from Apple Construction
Co. In January 1987, CIPS began preliminary remedial activities at the
site consisting of excavation and disposal of contaminated soil. The
materials were transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated under
Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. At the
present time, in cooperation with IEPA, CIPs is investigating a long-
term solution.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund") j
KERR-McGEE (KRESS CREEK/WEST BRANCH OF DUPAGE RIVER)
DuPage County/ Illinois
Conditions at listing (October 1984); The Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/
West Branch-of DuPage River) .Site includes about 1.5 miles of Kress Creek
and 0.5 miles of the West Branch of the DuPaqe River in DuPage County,
Illinois. About 20,000 people live within 3 miles of the site.
In 1931, Lindsay Light & Chemical Co. established a mill in West
Chicago for the extraction of thorium and nonradioactive elements from
monazite and other ores. Later, the site was used for the manufacture of
gaslight mantles (which contain thorium), mesothorium, and, during World
War II', hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility changed from Lindsay
to American Potash & 'Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. in
1967. Cperations at the site continued until 1973, when Kerr-McGee, the
current owner, closed the plant.
Over the years, a portion of the wastes from the plant was discharged
into Kress Creek, a tributary of the DuPage River, either via a storm sewer
or drainage ditch. Radiation contamination, which is found to a depth of
several feet along the stream, decreases with distance from the creek.
Many of the highest levels are found near the storm sewer outfall. Water m
in the area is obtained from municipal or private wells. ™
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission issued an Order to Show Cause,
dated March 21, 1984, requiring Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. to either
prepare and implement a cleanup plan, or show it should not be required
to do so.
Status (January 1986)t Because of an administrative error during the
public comment period, EPA is extending the comment period on this site
for an additional 60 days.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site ^»
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund'
KERR-McGEE (REED-KEPPLER PARK)
West Chicago, Illinois
Conditions at listing (October 1984); The Kerr-McGee (Reed-Keppler
Park) Si£e is in Reed-Keppler Park in West Chicago, Illinois. About
15,000 people live1, within 3 miles of the site.
In 1931, Lindsay Light & Chemical Co. established a mill in West
Chicago for the extraction of thorium and nonradioactive elements from
monazite and other ores. Later, the site was used for the manufacture of
gaslight mantles (which contain thorium), mesothorium, and, during World
War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility changed from Lindsay
to Anerican Potash & Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. in
1967. Operations at the site continued until 1973 when Kerr-McGee, the
current owner, closed the plant.
Radioactive materials were landfilled at an 11-acre site which had
apparently boen a gravel guarry. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's
contractor located contaminated areas within the landfill and around and
under tennis courts adjacent to it. Contaminated material around (not
under) the tennis courts was moved onto an area of surface contamination,
-whiciuwas—then. fenced_and_.posted.
Status (January 1986); Because of an administrative error during the
public cement period, EPA is extending the conment period on this site
for an additional 60 days.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
KERR-McGEE (RESIDENTIAL AREAS)
West CMcago/DuPage County, Illinois
Conditions at listing (October 1984): The Kerr-McGee (Residential
Areas) Site is in West Chicago and DuPaae County, Illinois. The site
covers the aeneral area of elevated radiation levels adjacent to the
Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. 'facility on the east (about 30 acres), as well
as other adjacent areas and isolated spots of elevated radiation levels.
£bout 15,000 people live within 3 miles of the site.
In 1931, Lindsay Light & Chemical Co. established a mill in West
Chicago for the extraction of thorium and nonradioactive elements from
monazite and other ores. Later, the site was used for the manufacture of
qasliqht mantles (which contain thorium), mesothorium, and, during World
War II, hydrofluoric acid.' Cwnership of tthe facility changed from Lindsay
to American Potash & Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. in
1967. Operations at the site continued until 1973, when Kerr-McGee, the
current owner, closed the plant.
In 1978, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's contractor located
75 snots of elevated radiation levels. Since that tine, the nunber has
grown to around 87. Overlying many of these spots adjacent to the Kerr-McGee
facility is an area of generally elevated radiation levels. Although the
general area of contanination may be due, in part, to long-term emissions
Prom the facility, the primary source of contamination is believed to be
the result of specific incidents such as spills or use of contaminated
materials as fill.
Status (January 1986); Because of an administrative error.during the
public comment period, EPA is extending the comment period on this site
for an additional 60 days.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund'
KEKR-McGFE (SFWAGE TFEATMENT PLANT)
West Chicago, Illinois
Conditions at listing (October 1984)t The Kerr-McGee (Sewage
Treatment Plant) Site covers about 23 acres in West Chicago, Illinois.
About 15,000 people live within 3 miles of the site.
•
In 1931, Lindsay Light & Chemical Co. established a mill in West
Chicago for the extraction of thorium and nonradioactive elements frcm
monazite and other ores. Later, the site was used for the manufacture of
gaslight mantles (which contain thoriun), mesothoriun, and, during World
W&r II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility changed from Lindsay
to American Potash & Chenical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. in
1967. Operations at the site continued until 1973, when Kerr-McGee, the
current owner, closed the plant.
The original sewage treatment plant was built in 1919 and included
tvo septic tanks. Over the years, the plant changed, and the tanks were
filled with radioactive materials. In addition, fill, including radio-
active materials, was placed in other areas of the site. While modernizing
the plant, the city has located many surface and subsurface areas 06
contamination. To allow the modernization to continue, -any areas that
obstruct construction are expected to be excavated and the material placed
in a designed storage area on the site. -_. — —
Status (January 1986); Because of an administrative error during the
public crrranent period, EPA is extending the comment period on this site
for an additional 60 days.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Super-fund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MIG/DEWANE IANDFILL "
Belvidere, Illinois
The MIG/Dewane Landfill cavers 50 acres on Business Route 20E in
Belvidere, Boone County, Illinois. The site is in a rural area with
contnercial and agricultural operations nearby. Since 1976, MIG/Dewane has
accepted household refuse and special wastes such as paint sludges and organic
solvents. Approximately 480,000 gallons of hazardous waste containing
arsenic, cadmium, lead, nickel, and cyanide were duirped into the landfill,
according to the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency.
In June 1986, EPA found 1,1-dichloroethane in on-site monitoring wells
into the upper sand and gravel aquifer. The site is located near Belvidere's
municipal water wells and private wells. One municipal well and 28% of the
private wells are obtaining water from the upper sand and gravel aquifer.
There is no confining layer to prevent migration of contaminants from the
landfilled area to the upper aquifer. An estimated 16,300 people obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site. A private well is 2,500
feet from a contaminated well on the site.
In 1985, the State Attorney General, on behalf of Boone County, filed a
lawsuit against MIG/Dewane because the company was expanding the landfill
beyond its permit. After the suit went to the Illinois Supreme Court, the
site was ordered closed in June 1988. It ceased operations in July 1988.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superf und hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WARNER ELECTRIC BRAKE & CLUTCH CO.
Roscoe, Illinois
Warner Electric Brake & clutch Co. has manufactured drive train components
on a 93.9-acre site in Roscoe, Winnebago County, Illinois, since 1957.
Chlorinated solvents used in plant operations are present in two on-site lagoons
that were part of the plant's National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System.
Tests conducted in 1984 by Warner and its contractor found that monitoring
wells around the lagoons are contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE),
1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trans-l,2-dichlorethylene.
In 1983, Winnebago county Public Health and the State found up to 5,700
parts per billion of TCE in private wells in Hononegah Country Estates and
Moore Haven subdivision. In 1984, the company constructed a public water
supply system for Hononegah Country Estates. The system currently supplies
208 customers. An estimated 7,400 people obtain drinking water from public
and private wells within 3 miles of the site.
The company also removed 16,000 tons of contaminated materials from the
two lagoons, transported them to a hazardous waste facility approved under
Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), filled the
lagoons, capped the east lagoon with 1 foot of compacted clay, and covered
each with 6 inches of top soil. The company continues to monitor ground water.
This facility is being proposed for the NPL because it is classified as a
non- or late filer under RCRA. Although the facility was treating, storing,
or disposing of hazardous waste after November 19, 1980, it did not file a
Part A permit application by that date as required and has little or no history
of compliance with RCRA Subtitle C.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CONRAIL RAIL YARD (ELKHART)
Elkhart, Indiana
Consolidated Rail Corp. (Conrail) has operated a rail yard on County Road 1
at the southwestern edge of Elkhart, Elkhart County, Indiana, since 1976. '
Previously, the 675-acre property had been a rail yard for New York Central
Railroad (1956-68) and Perm Central Railroad (1968-76).
The Indiana Department of Environmental Management has documented
numerous spills at the rail yard since 1976.
In June 1986, EPA's emergency removal program was asked by the Elkhart
County Health Department to confirm analyses indicating that local wells were
contaminated with carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene (TCE). EPA's
investigation identified five areas covering about 5 acres requiring further
study: the diesel shop, the area surrounding oil and water tanks, several
areas where wastes may have been buried, the shop where car tanks were cleaned,
and the Crawford Ditch, which flows into the St. Joseph River. Analyses
indicate that soils in some of these areas contain carbon tetrachloride, and
wells downgradient of the rail yard contain carbon tetrachloride, TCE, tetra-
chloroethylene, chloroform, and dichloroethane. EPA installed activated carbon
units at residences with contaminated wells. EPA analyses indicate a plume of
contaminated ground water that is 1.5-2 miles long and empties into the St.
Joseph River. An estimated 55,000 people obtain drinking water from Elkhart
municipal wells and private wells within 3 miles of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TIPPECANOE SANITARY LANDFILL, INC.
Lafayette, Indiana
Tippecanoe Sanitary Landfill, Inc.,operates a 51-acre landfill
in Lafayette, Tippecanoe County, Indiana. In 1971, the company received
a permit from the State to accept municipal waste. Open dumping had
occurred for an unknown period prior to that date. In 1978, the
State did not renew the site's operating permit because of the shallow
water table and highly permeable subsurface materials. A series of appeals
followed, and the facility is currently operating without a permit.
In 1979, ALCOA, Lafayette, Indiana, advised the State that its
aluminum-lime sludge, which had been hauled to the site since 1973, had
been found to contain significant levels of PCBs. Disposal of the sludge
ceased, but considerable quantities had already been deposited at the site.
In December 1983, the Indiana State Board of Health found that a
nearby well contained PCBs and acetone, as well as lead and cadmium,at
levels exceeding Federal primary drinking water standards. An estimated
81,000 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within
3 miles of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WHITEFORD SALES & SERVICE/NATIONALEASE
South Bend, Indiana
The Whiteford Sales and Service/Nationalease site covers approximately 7
acres on Sample Street in South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana. The site
operated as Whiteford Sales and Services during 1960-83 and as Nationalease
during 1983-87. Both companies leased trucks and semitrailers. Currently, the
operation is known as Whiteford-Kenworth, Inc.
Approximately 1 million gallons of degreasing solvents and sludge resulting
from cleaning of the trucks and semitrailers were deposited into three unlined
dry wells, each 4 feet in diameter and 6 feet deep. Tests conducted by
St. Joseph County in May 1985 found that on-site soil is contaminated with
inorganic and organic compounds, including lead, arsenic, ethylbenzene, and
toluene. Soil on the site is permeable, facilitating the movement of
contaminants into ground water. Approximately 237,000 people draw drinking
water from public wells within 3 miles of the site. The nearest well is about
6,000 feet from the site. The county is negotiating with Nationalease for
cleanup of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FORT RTT.FY
Junction City, Kansas
Fort Riley is near Junction City, Kansas, north of where the Republican
and Smoky Hill Rivers meet to form the Kansas River. Most of the 152-square-
mile Army base is in Riley County, with the remainder in Geary County. Most
of the developed areas are in the southern portion, along the Republican and
Kansas Rivers. The area around the fort is predominantly rural and
agricultural.
Established in 1853, Fort Riley was a major fort in this area during the
Civil War. It is currently the headquarters of the U.S. Army First Infantry
Division (mechanized) and host to over a dozen other units of the Department of
Defense. There are six main centers of activity in Fort Riley. Camp Forsyth
is on the floodplain of the Republican River, immediately north of Junction
City. Camp Funston is on the floodplain of the Kansas River, immediately west
of Ogden. Camp Whitside is on the Kansas River floodplain just west of Camp
Funston. The Main Post is on the edge of the Kansas River floodplain across
the Kansas River from the Main Post. Custer Hill is in the upland several
miles north of the Kansas River.
Operations on the facility have been varied, including seven landfills,
numerous motor pools, burn and firefighting pit areas, hospitals, dry cleaning,
shops, and pesticide storage and mixing areas. Vinyl chloride, pesticides,
waste motor oils, degreasing solvents, tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene),
and mercury were deposited in landfills below the water table and spilled or
dumped on the ground adjacent to buildings. The most serious problems are
associated with a sanitary landfill at Camp Funston, spills of dry cleaning
solvents at the Main Post, and pesticide residues, also at the Main Post.
Fort Riley is participating in the Installation Restoration Project (IRP).
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials. A
1984 IRP study indicates that vinyl chloride is present in shallow (15-25 foot)
monitoring wells downgradient of the Camp Funston landfill. The alluvial
aquifer along the Republican and Kansas Rivers is the sole source of drinking
water for Fort Riley, Ogden, and Junction City.
A Fort Riley water supply well is 0.7 mile from a former dry cleaning
building. Municipal and Army wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on
the base provide drinking water to an estimated 46,800 people. Ground water is
also used locally for irrigation.
The Kansas River along Fort Riley is used for fishing and other
recreational activities. Bald eagles, designated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service as an endangered species, are seen regularly on the base.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CALDWELL LACE LEATHER CO., INC.
Auburn, Kentucky
The Caldwell Lace Leather Co., Inc., Site consists of three tannery waste
areas in Logan County along the south side of Cemetery Road (state Highway
1039) approximately 2.5 miles northwest of Auburn, Kentucky. The disposal
site has received wastes since 1972. Until 1985, the site was owned by Caldwell
Lace and received waste generated by leather-tanning processes at its plant in
Auburn. In November 1985, North Park, Inc., a subsidiary of Auburn Leather Co.,
purchased the plant and disposal areas. The plant no longer conducts tanning
operations.
During 1972-82, wastes, including chrome and vegetable tanning wash sludge,
fleshings, screenings, and leather and gasket scraps, were buried in trenches
or placed in unlined lagoons in a 5.5-acre area of the property. The sludge
was generated from a chromium or vegetable tanning solution (water-soluble
extracts from various plant parts) used to stabilize collagen fibers so that
they are no longer biodegradable. Fleshings and screenings resulted from processes
in which the leather is prepared for tanning by removing the hair and tissue
from the flesh side of the skin.
The second disposal area is a 29.6-acre landfarm. In July 1982, the company
received a conditional permit from the Kentucky Natural Resources and
Environmental Protection Cabinet (KNREPC) to mix the sludges into the soil. The
landfarm stopped operating in 1985.
In March 1983, KNREPC granted a conditional permit to Caldwell Lace for the
third disposal area, a 5.1-acre landfill adjacent to the old trench/lagoon area,
to accept only solid wastes, including the screenings, fleshings, leather scraps,
and gasket scraps. In 1986, North Park, Inc., received a solid waste permit for
the landfill from KNREPC. The company's operations generate only leather trimmings
and scrap.
In July 1983, KNREPC detected chromium, including the most toxic hexavalent
form, in a private well 1,200 feet from the landfill area. The well has been
taken out of service. An estimated 660 people obtain drinking water from private
wells within 3 miles of the site. Subsurface conditions are such that ground
water migrates readily and contaminants can reach surface waters. The closest
surface water intake is in Auburn, approximately 2 miles southeast of the site
where Black Lick Creek originates.
The chromium-containing wastes disposed of at the site are inadequately
covered, and the site is unfenced. Thus, it is possible for people and animals
to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
KNREPC has documented violations of State waste management laws and
regulations since 1978. In September 1984, Caldwell entered into an Agreed
Order with the State to remedy past violations and prevent further violations.
In February 1985, the State approved a plan to close the old landfill. As part
of the closure plan, Caldwell and North Park, Inc., monitor surface water and
ground water quarterly.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986 j
FORT HARTFORD COAL CO., INC., STONE QUARRY
Olaton, Kentucky
Conditions at listing (June 1988): The Fort Hartford Coal Co., Inc.,
Stone Quarry in Olaton, Ohio County, Kentucky, originally provided limestone
for parkway construction in the western part of the State. Since 1981, the
100-acre area has been used to store secondary dross (a by-product of aluminum
recycling) from Barmet Aluminum Corp.'s smelter in Livia, Kentucky. According
to Fort Hartford Coal, by late 1986 Barmet had deposited more than 712,000
tons of dross into the quarry. Dross contains heavy metals (including barium,
cadmium, chromium, lead, copper, and manganese) and reacts violently with
water to form several gases, including ammonia. EPA detected ammonia in the
air around the storage areas during a December 1986 inspection.
In 1984, the Kentucky Department of Environmental Protection found high
levels of ammonia in an unnamed stream that originates in the waste. Run-off
from the quarry flows into the Rough River, which is used for recreational
activities. The waste was deposited below the water table, thus threatening
ground water. An estimated 700 people obtain drinking water from wells and
springs within 3 miles of the site.
Status (January 1990): Barmet contested the proposed listing of the Fort
Hartford Site and filed a civil action against EPA and the State on November
8, 1988 in the U.S. District Court. In November 1988, Barmet also filed for a
Temporary Restraining Order to (1) keep EPA from placing this site and the M
Brantley Landfill Site on the final NPL until their comments had been
addressed and (2) keep EPA from sending letters to other parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the sites informing them of their
potential liability. After the request for this order was denied, EPA sent
the letters to several other potentially responsible parties.
In December 1988, EPA, in response to a citizen's complaint,
identified two areas where the quarry roof had collapsed on his property.
Subsequently, additional roof collapse areas were identified that provide
. actual or potential pathways by which water can drain into the dross storage
areas.
In January 1989, EPA sampled private wells in the area. No evidence was
found indicating contamination from dross stored at the site. However, two
samples had manganese and/or iron concentrations that exceeded Maximum
Contaminant Levels of the National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations.
Recent estimates indicate 1.2 million tons of dross are in the quarry.
On September 20, 1989, EPA and Barmet signed an Administrative Order on
Consent under CERCLA Sections 104(a)(l) and 122(d)(3). Under this order,
Barmet will conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility Study (RI/FS) to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action. EPA is reviewing Barmet's RI/FS work plan.
Barmet submitted an Expedited Response Action Plan on October 20, 1989 under
the order. Barmet will (1) identify all areas where waste is in contact with
water and where water is entering the quarry and (2) isolate wastes in the
quarry from water.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
GREEN RIVER DISPOSAL, INC.
Maceo, Kentucky
Green River Disposal, Inc., disposed of waste on Kelly Cemetery Road in a
rural area in east Daviess County near Maceo, Kentucky, durina 1970-84. The
14-acre site was used for landfilling and surface disposal. In January 197%
the site was permitted as a solid waste landfill by the State of Kentucky. The
permit expired in January 1988. The facility became inactive in 1984.
Waste from Kentucky industries was disposed of at the facility durina
1978-84. According to records of the Kentucky Department for Environmental
Protection (KDEP), this waste was generated in part by Martin Marietta Aluminum
(now Commonwealth Aluminum) in Lewisport and by Green River Steel Coro., W. R.
Grace & Co., and General Electric Co., all in Owensboro. The waste included
aluminum dross saltcake, steel dust, phenolic resin, and paint waste, which
were buried along with sanitary waste as part of the facility's daily operations?
976 drums of waste were at the facility.
In June 1985, a site investigation by KDFP revealed that two drums at the
site contained chromium, lead, cyanide, PCBs, arsenic, and barium, and that
on-site private wells contained arsenic and barium. An estimated 500 people
obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
According to KDEP, surface water is threatened because wastes are in-
adequately covered and run-off is uncontrolled. Blackford creek, which is
used for irrigation and recreational activities, is within 3 miles downstream
of the site.
The Green River Disposal, Inc., facility has a history of leachate outbreaks,
underground fires, and acceptance of unauthorized waste. In January 19R3, the
facility entered into an Agreed Order with KDFP. The order was prepared as a
result of permit violations and designed to deal with the environmental problems
existing at the landfill and to bring the facility into compliance with solid
waste regulations. On August 6, 1986, the State received a Notice of Bankruptcv
fran the company, under Chapter 7 of the Federal bankruptcy code.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superf und hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
COMBUSTION, INC.
Denham Springs, Louisiana
Conditions at listing (June 1986): The Combustion/ Inc., Site covers
approximately 6 acres in Denham Springs, Livingston Parish, Louisiana. Prior
to late 1980, the company transported nonreclaimable tars, paraffins, waste
oil, sediments, and waste water to the site via pipeline from its petroleum
hydrocarbon recycling plant located approximately 0.25 mile to the southeast.
During the life of the facility, 11 irregularly shaped earthen pits were con-
structed; five contain oily wastes, three contain oil and waste water, and
three contain principally waste water. Approximately 3 million gallons of
material are in the pits. Although the pits were constructed to isolate the
wastes, they are connected by a series of trenches or pipes that allow mixing.
Two aboveground tanks are also located on the combustion, Inc., property:
a 20,000-gallon tank and a 30,000-gallon tank. These tanks were used primarily
for storing the wastes before they were processed to recover oil, but they may
have been used for other storage at times. In addition, Dubois, Inc., the
previous owner of the property, may have treated potentially hazardous chemicals
other than waste oils on the site.
Combustion, Inc. began to close the facility late in 1980, and by May 1982,
had completely shut down operations. In October 1983, the Louisiana Department
of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) analyzed wastes from the site and found they
contained PCBs, volatile organic chemicals, and heavy metals. In February
1985, LDEQ detected lead and thallium in ground water at the site, and volatile
organic chemicals in the air. Ground water within 3 miles of the site is used
for irrigation and drinking water. About 500 people live within 1 mile of the
site.
On January 18, 1984, a State Compliance Order was issued to the site
owner. The property has allegedly been sold to unknown parties, and the former
owner says he is financially unable to clean up the site.
Status (June 1988); After this site was proposed in June 1986, new technical
information became available. Hence, EPA is reproposing this site to allow an
additional 60-day comment period.
Louisiana has an enforcement agreement with EPA to take the lead on site
cleanup. The state is working with Combustion, Inc., on a workplan for a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination
at the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY LANDFILL
Glen Burnie, Maryland
The Anne Arundel County Landfill covers 130 acres on East End Dover
Street at Route 10 in Glen Burnie, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. An
industrial park, homes, and a commercial area are nearby. From the late
1950s until 1970, 30 acres that were once a gravel pit served as a privately
owned open dump. When the county took over daily operations in 1970, it
capped the old dump with 1-2 feet of clay, planted vegetation, and installed
50 vents to release methane gas. Operations stopped in 1982.
According to a 1978 survey of waste disposal sites by the U.S. Congress
(the "Ekhardt Report"), approximately 100 tons of inorganic salts and solids
from Diamond shamrock Corp.'s plant in Baltimore were deposited at the
landfill during 1977-79.
In August 1983, EPA detected trichloroethylene, dichloroethylene,
and chromium in monitoring wells at the site. The landfill overlies a
recharge area of the Patapsco Formation, which supplies drinking water to
municipal and private wells within 3 miles of the site. The wells serve
an estimated 93,000 people.
The EPA tests also detected cadmium in Furnace Creek downstream
of the site. The creek is tidally influenced as far as 1.5 miles upstream
of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ALLIED PAPER, INC./PORTAGE CREEK/KALAMAZQO RIVER
Kalamazoo, Michigan
The Allied Paper, Inc./Portage Creek/Kalamazoo River Site involves PCB
contamination of an Allied Paper, Inc., property, in Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo
County, Michigan, plus a 3-mile stretch of Portage Creek from Kalamazoo to
where the creek meets the Kalamazoo River, and a 3.5-mile stretch of the
Kalamazoo River.
Allied Paper, Inc., has operated paper mills on a 80-acre site at 2030
Portage Road in Kalamazoo since 1925. The company, a subsidiary of SCM Corp.,
recycled and deinked paper, including carbonless copy papers, which contained
3.4 percent by weight of Aroclor, a PCB, from 1957 to 1971.
In 1986, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MCNR) detected
PCBs in several places in the 80-mile stretch of the Kalamazoo River between
Kalamazoo and Lake Michigan. Contamination is primarily in the sediments,
although the water column and fish are also contaminated. According to MCKR,
the contamination begins at the point were Allied's Bryant Mill Pond discharges
to Portage Creek.
MnsiR tests conducted in October 1985 also found PCBs (Aroclor 1242 and
1254) in monitoring wells around a landfill on the Allied property, two seeps
from a sludge disposal area, and a discharge to Portage Creek. An estimated
142,000 people obtain drinking water from public wells within 3 miles of the
site, the nearest 1.1 miles from the site. No alternate unthreatened sources
of water are now available.
In 1977, the Michigan Department of Public Health issued an advisory
warning against eating fish in the river because they were contaminated with
PCBs. In 1984, MCNR began a long-term project to clean up the river after it
was listed in the Michigan Environmental Response Act. MCNR has conducted
extensive sampling to determine the extent of contamination.
On December 2, 1987, the State filed a complaint under CERCLA Sections
107 and 113, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, th£ Federal Water
Pollution Control Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, and three Michigan
laws. The complaint called for Allied Paper and SCM Corp. to stop the release
of hazardous substances into the environment and pay cleanup costs. In
response, the companies have undertaken studies of the extent of the PCB
contamination, the quantities of PCBs in Bryant Mill Pond, and possible
remedial actions.
U.S Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CANNELTCN INDUSTRIES, INC. "
Sault Sairrte Marie, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Cannelton Industries, Inc., Site
covers 75 acres along the south bank of the St. Mary's River about 1.5 miles
west of the downtown area of Sault Sainte Marie, Chippewa County, Michigan.
Starting early in the 19th century, Northwestern Leather Co. manufactured
leather products on the site, dumping tannery wastes on 5 acres located in the
100-year floodplain of the St. Mary's River. The waste was disposed of to a
depth of 6 to 8 feet and left uncovered. An estimated 10,000 cubic yards were
disposed of, as observed from the depth of wastes along the bank and the area
void of vegetation. Marshland borders the site on two sides.
In 1954-55, Fibron limestone Co. (a subsidiary of Algoma Steel Corp.,
Ltd., of Canada) purchased the 75 acres. Subsequently, the property was
transferred to Cannelton Industries, Inc., another Algoma subsidiary. The
property was intended for construction of a manufacturing plant that was never
built. Algoma dismantled various structures that were considered hazardous.
No manufacturing has been carried out on the site since 1958 and hence no
industrial waste has been generated, according to Algoma. The site is not
now in use.
On-site soils and adjacent river sediments contain extremely high levels
of ciiromium, lead, copper, cyanide, and mercury, according to tests conducted
in 1979 by Sault Sainte Marie State College and the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources. Chromium, lead, manganese, arsenic, and iron well in excess
of drinking water standards were also found in ground water in the middle of
the disposal area. An estimated 1,200 people obtain drinking water from private
wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest about 1 mile from the site.
Sault Sainte Marie, Ontario, withdraws water from the St. Mary's River
approximately 2 miles downstream of the old tannery disposal site.
The dump area is unfenced, making it possible for people and animals to
come into direct contact with hazardous substances at the site. Bald eagles
feed and nest within 2 miles of the site.
In 1986, Algoma Steel agreed informally with the State to construct (1) a
wall along the shore of the St. Mary's River to prevent wave and ice action from
removing solid material from the site and (2) an impermeable clay cap to prevent
erosion and prohibit rainwater from infiltrating the site. To date, the company
has taken no action.
Status (December 1988); Algoma Steel has fenced the site. EPA is conducting
a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund'
FORD MOTOR CO. (SLUDGE LAGOON)
Ypsilanti, Michigan
' Ford Motor Co. operated an aircraft bomber plant for the Federal
Government during World War II in Ypsilanti Township, Washtenaw County,
Michigan. Sludge from the plating operation was piped to a 3-acre unlined
lagoon on plant property. The present owners are Ford Motor and the
Wayne County Road Comiission, which operates the Willow Run Airport. The
abandoned lagoon is on airport property.
Ford Motor disposed of approximately 1 million cubic feet of sludge
in the lagoon, according to information the centrassion provided to EPA as
required by CERCIA section 103(c). Analysis of the sludge conducted in
1979 by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources detected PCBs and
heavy metals, including lead, cadmium, and mercury.
A noncontinous sand and gravel aquifer underlies the area at a depth
of 65 to 100 feet. An estimated 60,000 people draw drinking water from
municipal wells within 3 miles of the site. Private wells are also in
the area, the nearest about 2,000 feet from the site.
The nearest downslope surface water, Willow Creek, is 800 feet from
the site. It is potentially threatened because the lagoon is unlined and
had no structures to divert run-off. Belleville Lake, 3,600 feet from
the site, is used for recreation.
The site is unfenced, making it possible for people and animals
to come in direct contact with hazardous substances.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PEERLESS HATING CO.
Muskagon, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Peerless Plating Co. operated an
electroplating shop on a 1-acre site at 2554 Getty Avenue in Muskegon, Muskegon
County, Michigan, during 1937. The site is surrounded by commercial,
industrial, and residential areas. The plant closed in June 1983 as a result
of State and local enforcement actions, labor problems, and financial diffi-
culties.
Operations at the plant involved toxic, corrosive, reactive, and flammable
chemicals. According to the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MCNR),
wastes containing heavy metals were discharged into three unlined lagoons at
the rear of the facility. MENR also determined that manholes inside the plant
discharged directly onto the ground and that drummed wastes were stored on-site.
In Septentoer-October 1983, EPA used CERdA emergency funds in a removal
action at the site. EPA removed 37,000 gallons of sulfuric acid, nitric acid,
chromic acid, cyanide plating solution, chromium plating solution, hydrochloric
acid, and trichloroethylene. Also, the lagoons were drained; soil was removed
from the lagoon areas; the interior of the building was cleaned; vats, lines,
and tanks were decontaminated; sewer lines were sealed; and cyanides and nitric
acid were neutralized on-site. Hazardous materials were removed to a facility
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Approximately 15,000-20,000 gallons of sludges and liquids remain on-site.
In 1985, EPA detected cadmium, chromium, cyanide, trans-l,2-dichloro-
ethylene, and trichloroethylene in an on-site well. An estimated 1,500 people
obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site. The
nearest well is less than 100 feet from the site.
The site is on a nearly level lake plain. Little Black Creek, which
empties into Lake Manor, is a major drainage pathway. The lake is used for
recreational activities.
Status (December 1988); EPA's preliminary plan for fiscal year 1989
includes a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
DAKHUE SANITARY LANDFILL
Cannon Falls, Minnesota
The Dakhue Sanitary Landfill covers 80 acres approximately 3.5 miles
north of Cannon Falls in a rural agricultural area of Dakota County,
Minnesota. Since 1971, Dakhue Landfill, Inc., has had a permit from the
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) to accept municipal wastes. MPCA
estimates that through 1986, 817,000 cubic yards of solid waste (primarily
nonhazardous industrial and municipal wastes) have been disposed of at the
landfill, which has no liner.
MPCA analyses in 1985 and 1987 of shallow monitoring wells on the site
detected volatile organic compounds, including 1,1-dichloroethylene,
tetrachloroethylene, methylene chloride, cis-l,2-dichloroethylene, and
chloroform. The shallow ground water is used for drinking water by about
600 residents within 3 miles of the site and for irrigation of an estimated
6,500 acres. The nearest drinking water well is about 1,200 feet from the
site.
The area near the landfill consists of gently rolling hills sloping
toward the south. Pine Creek is 1 mile south of the site, and Cannon River is
nearly 3 miles to the south.
In May 1980, MPCA issued Dakhue Sanitary Landfill a Notice of
Noncompliance for failure to follow established operating procedures and
failure to submit water monitoring reports. In November 1984, MPCA issued a
Notice of Violation for failure to submit work required by the landfill
permit. In June 1987, Dakhue Landfill, Inc., declared bankruptcy under
Chapter 7 of the Federal bankruptcy code.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FINDETT CORP.
St. Charles, Missouri
Conditions at listing (October 1984); Findett Corp. operates on a site
near the St. Louis suburb of St. Charles, St. Charles County, Missouri, in the
floodplain of the Mississippi River. The Findett facility covers about 3 acres;
however, contamination originating at the facility may cover a much greater
area. A municipal well field is within 1 mile of the site.
Among its activities, Findett reprocessed fluids containing PCBs during
1963-74. Some wastes from the reprocessing were disposed of in a small pond
on the Findett property. In 1977, after significant levels of PCBs were
detected in the pond, Findett excavated and backfilled a portion of the pond.
In further investigations in 1979, EPA found that the pond area was still
contaminated with PCBs. As a result, EPA issued an Administrative order under
the Clean Water Act in 1980 requiring further excavation of the pond area.
Additional sampling after the excavation indicated PCBs had migrated beyond the
immediate pond area and into subsurface areas.
The facility received Interim status under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when the company filed Part A of a
permit application for treating and storing hazardous waste.
EPA issued an Administrative Order on Consent under Section 3013 of
RCRA in September 1982. The order required Findett to design and implement
a monitoring, sampling, and analysis plan to characterize the nature and
extent of PCB soil contamination, as well as the potential for ground water
contamination in the immediate vicinity of the Findett facility. Findett
installed monitoring wells and analyzed ground water for PCBs.
Status (January 1986): EPA sampled wells in June 1985, identified other
contamination in ground water beneath the site, and developed a workplan for a
remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action. EPA is negotiating with Findett to conduct the RI under a CERCLA
Section 106 Consent Order.
Status (April 1988): EPA is proposing to drop Findett Corp. from the
proposed NPL. Because the site is a treatment, storage, and disposal facility,
it is subject to the corrective action authorities of Subtitle C of RCRA.
A Superfund-financed RI to determine the extent and possible source of
ground water contamination began in August 1987 after Findett declined to do
the work. Field work has been completed. Analytical data are being evaluated,
and a draft RI report should be available shortly.
EPA may also pursue cleanup under RCRA authorities and will ensure
that the cleanup protects public health and the environment. EPA can later
repropose the site for the NPL if it determines that the owner or operator
is unable or unwilling to clean up the site effectively.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List /
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ORONOGO-DUENWEG MINING BELT /
Jasper County, Missouri " ~"
The Oronqo-Duenweg Mining Belt is in Jasper County, Missouri, and is
considered part of the Tri-State Mining District of Missouri, Kansas, and
Oklahoma. Two other sites in the district—Cherokee County in Kansas and Tar
Creek in Ottawa County, Oklahoma—were placed on the NPL in September 1983.
Superfund-financed remedial activities are under way at these two sites.
Lead and zinc ores, as well as some cadmium ores, were mined from 1848 to
the late 1960s, with the greatest activity occurrina in an area of 2 by
10 miles between Oronogo and Duenwea, northeast of Joplin. Minina efforts were
originally performed by one- to two-man independent operations that in later
years were organized by several area minina companies.
The site is honeycombed with underground workinas, pits, shafts (open,
closed, and collapsed), mine tailinas, waste piles, and ponds holdina tailina
waters. An estimated 10 million tons of wastes or tailinas are on the site.
Throughout the mining era, around water had to be pumped to prevent
flooding of mines. When mining ceased, the shafts and underaround workinas
filled with water. Tailing piles have been left uncovered and unstabilized.
Leachate and run-off from the piles can enter open shafts and pits.
Ground water and surface water on the site are contaminated with cadmium,
lead, and zinc, accordina to tests by the U.S. Geoloaical Survey in 1977. An
estimated 1,500 people obtain drinkina water from private wells within 3 miles
of the site.
This mining site is potentially eligible for cleanup funds from the State
of Missouri's approved program under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation
Act of 1977 (SMCRA). EPA is developina a policy for listina such sites. This
site is being proposed for the NPL at this time to avoid delay in startina
CERCLA activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund"
. QUAIL RUN MOBILE MANOR «
Gray Summit, Missouri
Conditions at listing (September 1983); Quail Run Mobile Manor is a
trailer park located 2 miles east of Gray Summit/ Franklin County,
Missouri. In the early 1970s, the road through the park was sprayed with
an unknown quantity of dioxin-contaminated waste oil. In 1974, sane of
the soil was excavated from the road and deposited in the area between
the road and a lagoon and also on two nearby properties which are also part
of the site.
Early in 1983, EPA identified dioxin in soil samples from numerous
locations on the site, one as high as 1,100 parts per billion. As a
result, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) issued a health advisory
warning that the more than 100 residents were at risk of developing adverse
health effects from dioxin if they remained in their homes. Some of the
residents had come to the trailer park from Times Beach, Missouri, which
also has a dioxin problem.
In May 1983, EPA, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),
and the State briefed the residents on the findings and explained FEMA's
offer of temporary relocation. Of 33 families, 29 applied for relocation.
Status (July 1984); A few families are still residing at Quail Run.
The site is scheduled to be cleaned up as part of a planned removal using
CERCLA emergency funds. The project involves excavating and restoring
several on-site areas contaminated with dioxin. The contaminated soil
will be stored temporarily on the site.
EPA is deferring final rulemaking on this site because it does not
meet the criteria currently specified to place a site on the NPL. EPA
is considering revising the National Contingency Plan (NCP), the Federal
regulation by which CERCLA is implemented, in such a way that Quail Run
and similar sites where CDC has issued a health advisory will qualify
for the NPL.
Status (January 1986); Removal actions are currently underway. All
families have been temporarily relocated, and all of the mobile homes
have been decontaminated and sent off-site for rehabilitation. The tasks
remaining under the removal action include construction of one remaining
steel structure of a total of 11 for temporary storage of contaminated
soil; excavation and storage of remaining contaminated soil; and site
restoration.
On Sept* 16, 1985, EPA revised the NCP to allow placing Cuail Run
and similar sites on the NPL. EPA is continuing to evaluate this site
and so is again deferring final rulemaking.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WESTLAKE LANDFILL
Bridgeton, Missouri
Westlake landfill covers 200 acres in Bridgeton, St. Louis County,
Missouri, about 16 miles northwest of downtown St. Louis. The area is
adjacent to prime agricultural land and is in the floodplain of the Missouri
River. Between 1939 and the spring of 1987, limestone was quarried on the
site. Starting in 1962, portions of the property were used for landfilling of
solid and liquid industrial wastes, municipal refuse, and construction debris.
In 1973, Cotter Corp. disposed of over 43,000 tons of uranium ore processing
residues and soil in two areas covering a total of 16 acres of the Westlake
Landfill, according to a Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) report published
in 1977.
In 1976, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) closed the
unregulated landfill. Since then, MDNR has issued several permits for various
portions of the 200-acre site. Currently, an operating sanitary landfill has
a permitted area of 52 areas, and an operating demolition landfill has a
permitted area of 22 acres.
Uranium was detected in on-site monitoring wells in tests conducted in
1985 and 1986 by a consultant to the owner of the landfill. An estimated 60
people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
GAUTIER OIL CD., INC.
Gautier, Mississippi
The Gautier Oil Co., Inc., Site covers 3 acres in Gautier, Jackson
County, Mississippi. The site is an abandoned wood-preserving and oil
recovery facility that operated for 104 years under different owners/
including Delta Creosote and Gautier Oil Co., Inc. Operations ceased in
1983. The current owner is Seaboard Systems Railroad, Inc.
The site contains storage and process tanks, two sand filter beds,
a lagoon, numerous rusting drums, and piles of sludge. At least 2,000
cubic yards of liquids and sludges containing phenol, naphthalene,
chloroform, anthracene, and lead were deposited in the lagoon and in
sludge piles, according to tests conducted by the Mississippi State Chemical
Laboratory. A State inspection in 1984 determined that the filter beds
overflow onto adjoining property, and that the lagoon discharges to the
West Pascagoula River. A coastal wetland is within 1,200 feet.
The aquifer below the site consists of the sand and gravel units of
the Citronelle Formation. The formation is the shallowest aquifer in the
area of the site and is used by a small portion of the population.
About 300 people are served by private wells in the aquifer within 3 miles
of the site. The nearest well is less than 2,000 feet away.
On April 24, 1985, EPA issued an Administrative Order by Consent to
Seaboard under CERCLA Section 106(a) to remove contaminated soil, waste,
containers, and equipment from the site. Seaboard removed over 536 tons
of materials from the site and transported them to a hazardous waste
facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BURLINGTON NORTHERN RAILROAD (SCMERS TIE-TREATING PLANT)
Somers, Montana
Conditions at listing (October 1984); Burlington Northern Railroad has
treated ties on a 4.5-acre site in Somers, Flathead County, Montana, since
around 1900. The plant's current operations are regulated under Subtitle C
of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act {RCRA). An old waste disposal
lagoon downgradient of the RCRA-regulated facility has not been used since 1974.
The old lagoon was used to dispose of creosote wastes from the wood-
treatment process. The wastes were discharged from the pond via a ditch to a
marshy area on the shore of Flathead lake, the largest fresh water lake west of
the Mississippi River. The lake is extensively used for camping and fishing,
and towns along the lake such as Somers use it for drinking water.
On February 28, 1984, the State dug several shallow holes along the lake
shore and took samples of creosote-saturated sand below the ditch outfall.
Sludge/sediment samples were collected from the bottom of a 0.5-acre swamp
pond located along the shore adjacent to the waste ditch. The material was
silty-sand and stained with oil.
Early in March 1984, consultants to Burlington Northern drilled approxi-
mately 60 test borings in the vicinity of the swamp pond, in the waste ditch,
and below the seasonal high water beach of Flathead Lake. About 46 percent of
the test holes showed visual evidence of creosote contamination. The holes
encompassed an area of approximately 3.5 acres, including the pond. Soil
samples were collected from the test borings. Monitoring wells were installed
at 10 sites around the pond.
Status (January 1986); In May and June 1985, Burlington Northern removed
contaminated sludge, soil, and water from the swamp pond under a CERCLA Section
106 Consent Order for an immediate removal. The materials were placed in two
existing RCRA lagoons on the plant site which were reconstructed to meet RCRA
standards. The company is moving the sludges and soils to another of its
facilities at Paradise, Montana, where they are being placed in a waste pile
that meets RCRA standards. Swamp pond water was processed through the plant's
waste water recycling system.
In December 1984, Burlington Northern voluntarily submitted to EPA a study
to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action. On October 9, 1985, EPA and Burlington
Northern signed a Consent Order under CERCLA Section 106 for a remedial investi-
gation/feasibility study (RI/FS) covering the old lagoon. The RI/FS activities
are scheduled to be completed in approximately January 1987.
Status (June 1988); EPA is proposing to drop Burlington Northern
Railroad's Somers Tie-Treating Plant from the proposed N?L. Because the
site is a storage and disposal facility, it is subject to the corrective action
authorities of Subtitle C of RCRA.
Burlington Northern is closing the two existing RCRA lagoons according to
a RCRA closure plan approved by the State. 1fte company has submitted a draft
RI/FS and Endangerment Assessment report to EPA for the old lagoon. Late in
1988, the public will have an opportunity to comment on the cleanup alternative
recommended in the draft RI/FS report.
EPA may also pursue cleanup under RCRA authorities and will ensure that
the cleanup protects public health and the environment. EPA can later repropose
the site for the NPL if it determines that the owner or operator is unable or
unwilling to clean up the site effectively.
U.S Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
COMET OIL 00.
Billings, Montana
The Comet Oil Co. Site covers approximately 10 acres on Frontage Road in a
residential/industrial part of Billings, Yellowstone County, Montana. The
facility opened approximately 25 years ago and functioned as a one-person waste
oil re-refinery operation until Bair's, Inc. (also known as Mountain States
Petroleum Corp.) purchased it in 1974. In 1979, Bair's ceased operation for
economic reasons.
A large number of storage tanks and empty 55-gallon drums are on-site, as
well as several waste oil lagoons and a large sludge pile. In 1985, 100,000
gallons of contaminated waste oil spilled when vandals opened valves on one
tank. Under the supervision of the Montana Department of Health and Environ-
mental sciences, Comet collected 75,000 gallons of waste oil from the site and
a neighboring property; the other 25,000 gallons were lost to the environment.
Comet also covered parts of the site with 3-5 feet of soil.
Organic compounds, including benzene, phenol, 2,4-dimethylohenol, naphtha-
lene, and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, are present in an off-site downaradient
monitoring well, according to EPA tests conducted in 1985. Petroleum products
and solvents are in soils throughout the site, to a depth of 34 feet in some
parts, according to EPA. Within 3 miles of the site are four municipal wells
and one private well that supply drinking water to at least 5,^00 people.
Contaminants at the site threaten the Yellowstone River, which is
used for recreational activities. The river is 0.6 mile downstream from
the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HEVI-DUIY ELEORIC CO.
Goldsboro, North Carolina
Hevi-Duty Electric Co. operates on about 125 acres just off U.S. 117 in
an industrial-residential area about 2 miles south of Goldsboro, Wayne County,
North Carolina. Since early 1968, Hevi-Duty, which is owned by General Signal
Corp., has manufactured dry and liquid power transformers on the southern part
of the property; the northern two-thirds is leased to local fanners.
Oil containing PCBs was used in the transformers until the mid 1970s.
In 1979 or 1980, about 1,000 gallons of PCB-containing transformer oil was
spilled from an underground storage tank. The company removed the soil from
this spill and buried it in an unlined pit on the north end of the property.
In about 1976, PCB-contaminated soil from an underground storage tank area
was removed and buried in a plastic-lined pit under supervision of the North
Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Comnunity Development (NRCD).
In August 1985, EFA and Hevi-Duty signed a Consent Agreement under which
the company paid a civil penalty of $7,800.
On January 30, 1986, a cracked pipeline on a tanker truck resulted in a
spill of approximately 1,400 gallons of transformer oil. According to Hevi-
Duty, this oil, which contained approximately 4 parts per million PCBs, ran into
culverts and an open drainage ditch. The majority of the oil was recovered by
skimming from the water, then filtered and reused. The saturated soil and
material used to soak up some of the spill were disposed of in #1 Wayne County
Landfill. Hevi-Duty also stated that the spill was contained on its property
and did not reach any open water.
On March 18, 1986, Hevi-Duty reported to NRCD that a crack in an
underground oil line resulted in the loss of approximately 1,500 gallons of
transformer oil. During a State inspection on May 28, 1986, Hevi-Duty was
cleaning up the spill by pumping water underground, thus flushing the oil
out of the ground. A sample of the oil being forced out was collected from a
mud puddle. Analysis by the State indicated that it contained 227 parts
per million PCB (Aroclor 1254). On-site ground water also contained Aroclor
1254. An estimated 4,600 people obtain drinking water from public wells within
3 miles of the site, the nearest 1,900 feet from the site.
EPA in 1977 and 1978 and the North Carolina Division of Health Services in
1985 found elevated levels of Aroclor 1254 in ambient air at the site. An
estimated 15,000 people live within 4 miles of the site.
The site drains to the Neuse River approximately 4,650 feet north of the
plant building. The river is used for fishing within 3 miles downstream of the
site.
Hevi-Duty recently hired a contractor to study the environmental status of
the site.
U S Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
10TH STREET SITE
Columbus, Nebraska
The 10th Street Site consists of four contaminated municipal water supply
wells and two areas of soil contamination in the City of Columbus, Platte
County, Nebraska. The site occupies about 18 acres in downtown Columbus on
the north bank of the Laup River. The site boundary is defined by Columbus
Municipal Wells #1, 2, 4, and 11 and by four soil samples.
These four municipal wells were sampled by the Nebraska Department of
Health in June 1984 and December 1988 and by EPA in April 1987, September
1987, and February 1988. The results show from 2.0 parts per billion (ppb) to
29.0 ppb of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene. Tetrachloroethylene was detected in
Wells |2 and #4 at levels ranging from 2.0 ppb to 24.7 ppb. A soil-gas survey
conducted in May 1988 by EPA delineated a ground water plume with a point
source located in a city parking lot (formerly a scrap metal yard) about 1,000
feet east of Well #1. Among potential sources of the soil contamination are a
dry cleaning facility behind the lot and a laundromat 1,400 feet southwest of
the lot. Both facilities are or once were identified under Subtitle C of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act as small quantity generators of waste
containing tetrachloroethylene. Both facilities are within 1,000 feet of the
contaminated wells.
The municipal wells and private wells within 3 miles of the site provide
drinking water to an estimated 19,300 people; 48 irrigation wells are also in
use. All wells tap the surficial aquifer consisting of alluvial sands and
gravels; the water table is at a depth between 12.4 and 30 feet.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NEBRASKA ORDNANCE PIANT (FOFMER)
Mead, Nebraska
The former Nebraska Ordnance Plant once occupied over 17,000 acres near
Mead in a rural part of Saunders County, 35 miles northeast of Lincoln,
Nebraska. From 1942 to 1956, the primary function of the plant was munitions :
production at four bomb loading lines for both World War II and the Korean
Conflict. The plant also was used for munitions storage and ammonium nitrate
production. Some of the operations used organic solvents.
Beginning in 1962, portions of the former plant were sold to various
other entities. Today, the major production area of the former plant,
approximately 9,000 acres, belongs to the University of Nebraska and is used
as an agricultural research station. The remaining acreage currently is owned
by the Nebraska National Guard and numerous individuals and corporations;
The former Nebraska Ordnance Plant is being investigated by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers as part of the Defense Environmental Restoration Program.
The site, however, is not currently owned by the Federal government.
Included in the Corps investigation are the current university property, the
current Nebraska National Guard property, and the former administration area,
bomb booster assembly area, burning ground/sewage treatment area, and ammonium
nitrate plant. In a study completed in April 1989, the Corps identified areas
of soil contaminated by PCBs and munitions wastes, including TNT and RDX. The
Corps also detected TNT, RDX, and trichloroethylene (TCE) in on-site
monitoring wells, and RDX and TCE in off-site drinking water wells. An
estimated 400 persons obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the
site. Ground water also is used for irrigation and livestock.
The Corps is conducting a remedial investigation to determine the type
and extent of contamination in all known areas of contamination.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHEMICAL INSECTICIDE CORP.
Edison Township, New Jersey
The Chemical Insecticide Corp. (CIC) Site covers approximately 5.8 acres
directly south of Interstate Route 287 at 30 Whitman Avenue, Edison Township,
Middlesex County, New Jersey. CIC manufactured, formulated, and distributed
pesticide products on this property from 1958 to 1970, at which time the
company declared bankruptcy and operations ceased. The site is vacant and
enclosed by a 6-foot chainlink fence. Industrial properties surround the
site, and residential developments are within 1 mile to the northeast and
southwest.
CIC produced a wide range of insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and
rodenticides. Waste disposal practices are not clearly documented. However,
three surface impoundments were known to have existed at the site. The
hazardous substances found at the site include carbon disulfide, ethylbenzene,
chlorobenzene, beta-benzene hexachloride (beta-BHC), alpha-BHC, delta-BHC
(lindane), gamma-BBC, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (4,4-DDE),
dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4-DDT), and arsenic. Alpha-BHC, delta-BHC,
dieldrin, 4,4-DDE, and 4,4-DDT are present in on-site monitoring wells,
according to tests conducted by EPA in 1987-88. An estimated 35,000 people
obtain drinking water from public wells within 3 miles of the site. The
closest is approximately 3,500 feet from the site..
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMTNISTRATICN TECHNICAL CENTER
Atlantic County, New Jersey
Die Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Technical Center covers 5,052
acres 8 miles northwest of Atlantic City in Atlantic County. The site borders
the Garden State Parkway in southeastern New Jersey. Installations on the site
include the Atlantic City International Airport, a New Jersey Air National
Guard Station, and extensive FAA facilities.
Activities at the site started in 1942 with construction of a Naval air
base. In late 1958, FAA, then known as the Airways Modernization Board, took
over the operation and has used the facility as an airport and aviation safety
research center.
In 1984, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP)
contracted for an assessment of pollution sources that may impact the then
proposed Atlantic City Municipal Well Field, to be located on the north shore
of the Upper Atlantic City Reservoir within the FAA Technical Center
boundaries. This investigation identified five areas as posing a threat to the
proposed well field: the Salvage Area (Area 20A), where scrap materials and
drums of hazardous waste oils and solvents were stored; the Fuel Mist Test
Facility (Area 27), where jet fuels were sprayed and burned to test the
antimisting properties of certain fuel additives; the Fire Training Area (Area
29), where fuel fire testing and fire training exercises were conducted; the
Avgas Fuel Farm and Photo Lab (Area 41), where leaks from underground storage
tanks, discharge of photographic lab wastes, and spillage of fuels may have
occurred; and the Abandoned Navy Landfill (Area 56), an area south of the main
runway used as a landfill by the Navy.
Hydrogeological studies of the five areas indicated that development of
the new well field could proceed. Since then, FAA has informed NJDEP and EPA
of additional areas that may have an environmental impact. FAA is conducting a
remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) under NJDEP and EPA guidance.
Tetrachloroethylene, 1,l-
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
JUGGINS DISPOSAL
Kingston, New Jersey
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Higgins Disposal Site covers 38
acres at 121 laurel Avenue in a rural area north of Kingston, Somerset County,
New Jersey. For an unknown number of years, the owner operated an unpermitted
landfill and an unpermitted transfer station on the site. The owner of this
business owns Higgins Farm, which was also proposed for the NPL in June 1988.
In 1981, as required by CERdA Section 103 (c), FMC Corp. reported to
EPA that in 1974 its Princeton plant had deposited approximately 61,000 cubic
feet of chemical waste containing heavy metals, organic solvents, and pesticides
at the site. In October 1982, the New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection (NJDEP) issued an Administrative Order under the State's Solid Waste
Management Act requiring Higgins Disposal to stop accepting and disposing of
solid waste and remove waste already at the facility.
On June 26, 1986, NJDEP sampled soil and water on the property. Analysis
identified PCBs (Aroclor 1248), tetrachloroethylene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in on-site soil. Aroclor 1248 was also detected in
an on-site pond downgradient of the landfill. When full, the pond spills into
Dirty Brook, which discharges into the Delaware/Raritan Canal. The canal is
used for boating and fishing. A fresh water wetland is 300 feet from the site.
Soils on the site are permeable and ground water shallow, conditions that
facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water. An estimated 2,000
people depend on private wells within 3 miles of the site as their sole source
of drinking water. NJDEP considers Higgins Disposal a possible source of local
well contamination.
Status (November 1988): EPA is considering various alternatives for the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Super-fund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL •"'"'
Lodi, New Jersey
Conditions at listing (October 1984): The Lodi Municipal Well in
Lodi, Bergen County, New Jersey, is contaminated with uranium and its
decay products, according to tests conducted by the State. In December
1983, the State closed the well, which is one of nine wells serving
about 24,000 people. Other municipal wells are being used, but they
draw from the same aquifer. The State is investigating to determine if
ground water migrating from a nearby thorium-processing facility is
contaminating the Lodi Municipal Well.
Status (January 1986); Additional tests of the well water are
planned to determine if the radionuclides present are associated with a
naturally-occurring formation in the area. The analyses will also include
nonradiological constituents, which are used to help identify the source
of contaminants.
Status (September 1988); In the spring of 1988, EPA started a
remedial investigation/feasibility study, which should help determine if
the contamination is naturally occurring.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund")
NAVAL WEAPONS STATION EARLE (SITE A)
Colts Neck, New Jersey
Conditions at listing (October 1984): The Naval Weapons Station
Earle covers 10,048 acres in Colts Neck, Monroouth County, New Jersey.
Since the early 1940s, the U.S. Navy has handled, stored, renovated, and
transshipped munitions at the station. These operations involve preserving
and maintaining ammunition, missile components, and explosives; rendering
safe unserviceable and/or dangerous ammunition and explosives; and providing
support to the Fleet Mine Facility. The station also conducts or has
conducted nonordnance activities, radiological operations, materials
storage, and waste disposal operations.
Site A covers 29 waste areas identified by the Navy. Wastes
generated in Site A include ordnance materials, grit and paint, paint
scrapings, solvent/paint sludges, ammonium picrate, lead bullets from
small arms ranges, zinc, lead, titanium, and small amounts of other
constituents. The Navy detected contaminants in a limited number of
sediment and surface water samples, but further background samples are
necessary.
The waste areas of Site A overlie the Cohansey Sand, Kirkwood
Formation, Vincentown Formation, Red Bank Sand, Navesink Formation,
and the Wenonah Formation aquifers. All are hydraulically connected, so
that water can move among them. An estimated 1,900 people within 3
miles of Site A are served by these aquifers. Local surface water is
used for recreation and irrigation purposes. An estimated 270 people
are served by surface water within 3 miles downstream of Site A.
The station is participating in the Installation Restoration Program,
the specially funded program established in 1978 under which the-Depart-
ment of Defense has been identifying and evaluating its past hazardous
waste sites and controlling the migration of hazardous contaminants from
these sites. The Navy has completed Phase I (records search). Phase II
(preliminary survey) is underway. ""
Status (July 1985); EPA and the Navy have agreed upon a scope of
work which calls for investigation of 13 of the 29 areas.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LEE ACRES LANDFILL (USDOI)
Farmington, New Mexico
The Lee Acres Landfill, a Federal facility site, covers 40 acres of
public land in San Juan County southeast of Farmington, New Mexico. The
landfill area is about 2,200 feet north and upgradient of the Lee Acres
residential subdivision. The Giant Industries, Inc., refinery property is to
the southeast.
On May 1, 1962, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Department of
Interior (USDOI), leased 20 acres to San Juan County to operate a county
landfill. In April 1981, the lease was renewed and another 20 acres were added
to the county's lease.
The landfill consists of an undetermined number of solid waste trenches
and unlined waste lagoons. At least three of the lagoons may have received a
mixture of liquid wastes, including produced waters from oil and gas fields,
waste oil, spent acids, chlorinated organic solvents, and septage, according to
the New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division (NMEID). In 1985, NMEID
detected chlorinated volatile organic compounds, including 1,1-dichloroethane,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 1,2-dichloroethylene, as well as benzene, in a lagoon
and in a residential well downgradient at the north end of the Lee Acres
subdivision. An estimated 400 residents use shallow alluvial ground water
within 3 miles of the site for drinking water.
Lee Acres Landfill is near where an arroyo meets the San Juan River, which
is used for recreational activities. During a heavy rainstorm in April 1985, a
dike of one of the lagoons broke. Wastes entered the arroyo, posing a possible
threat to the San Juan River. During the same period, releases of toxic vapors
from the lagoons caused approximately 15 people, including on-site cleanup
workers, to experience difficulty in breathing, severe headaches, skin rashes,
or other symptoms. Also during that time, the Governor'called in the National
Guard to secure the perimeter of the site. BLM ordered the county to fence the
landfill and NMEID hired a contractor to treat the. lagoon contents with ferric
chloride to prevent further releases of vapors. San Juan County subsequently
filled in the four lagoons. BLM ordered the landfill closed and, when the
county abandoned it, contracted for fencing.
In 1985, BLM hired a consultant to study conditions at and near the landfill.
Subsequently, separate studies were conducted of soil gases, ground water
hydrology, and ground water quality. EPA has reviewed the consultant's reports
on the investigation. In November 1986, BLM arranged for alternative drinking
water supplies for residents of Lee Acres using ground water. BLM plans to
hire a contractor in 1988 to conduct a remedial investigation to determine the
type and extent of contamination at the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PREWITT ABANDONED REFINERY
Prewitt, New Mexico
The Prewitt Abandoned Refinery Site occupies 75 acres just east of Prewitt
on U.S. Highway 65 in McKinley County, New Mexico. Tract A, consisting of 68.2
acres south of the highway, contains the ruins of the refinery, including waste
pits, tank bases, and other rubble from equipment that has been removed. Tract B,
consisting of 6.8 acres north of the highway, includes two major spill areas
and the remains of a pump lift station.
Site operations began in the early 1940s and continued for 25 years under
several different owners and operators, including Petroleum Products Refininq
Co., Petroleum Products Refining and Producina Co., Malco Refineries, New Mexico
Asphalt and Refining Co., Malco Asphalt and Refining Co., and Fl Paso Natural
Gas Products Co. The Navajo Indian Tribe has owned the property since December
1966.
According to information provided to EPA under CERCLA Section 103(c),
El Paso Natural Gas Products Co. deposited crude refinery wastes at the site
and Petroleum Products Refinery and Producinq Co. deposited wastes listed as
hazardous under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
In December 1982, the New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division
detected benzene in a nearby private well, and in May 1986 detected benzene and
xylenes in an on-site well to a depth of 17 feet. Wells within 3 miles of the
facility provide water to a public community water svstem, a oublic noncommunity
water system, private homes, and livestock. An estimated 1,600 people are
served by ground water.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CARSON RIVER MERCURY SITE
Lyory'Qiurchill Counties, Nevada
The Carson River Mercury Site (CRMS) consists of: (1) sediments in an
approximately 50-mile stretch of the Carson River in Lyon and Churchill
Counties, beginning between Carson City and Dayton, Nevada, and extending
downstream through the Lahontan Reservoir to Stillwater National Wildlife
Refuge; and (2) tailing piles associated with the river.
In the late 1800s, ore mined from the Comstock Lode near Virginia City
was transported to any of 75 mills, where it was crushed and mixed with
mercury to amalgamate the gold and silver. The availability of water power
made 12 mills along the Carson River in the Brunswick Canyon area become
dominant.
Mercury-contaminated tailings piles which resulted from the mills have
been found 5 miles up Brunswick Canyon, 3 miles up Six Mile Canyon, and within
the Carson Plain. Areas near the Comstock lode where extensive mining
occurred, such as in Gold Canyon, may also be major potential sources of
tailings. Rain transports mercury from the tailing piles to the Carson River,
where the Nevada Division of Environmental Protection (NDEP) has documented
extensive mercury contamination. An estimated 7,500 tons of mercury were lost
in the milling process during the 30-year peak of the Comstock Lode, of which
only about 0.5% was later recovered. Much of the remaining mercury was
incorporated in the mill tailings.
Elevated levels of mercury attributed to the piles were detected in the
river from above the Dayton area through the Lahontan Reservoir to the cutoff
of the Stillwater Slough, as well as in Six Mile Canyon Creek.
Because CRMS extends over such.a large area, it potentially affects
several sources of ground water, among them the Dayton Valley Aquifer. Ground
water in the aquifer is as shallow as 10 feet near the river, and soils are
permeable sands and gravel. Ifeese conditions facilitate movement of
contaminants into ground water. An estimated 1,400 people obtain drinking
water from wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest within 2,000 feet.
Approximately 1,200 acres of food and forage crops are irrigated by the
Carson River between Dayton and the Lahontan Reservoir.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SEALAND RESTORATION, INC.
Lisbon, New York
The Sealand Restoration, Inc., Site occupies approximately 200 acres
south of Pray Road in Lisbon, St. Lawrence County, New York. The surrounding
area, consisting largely of farmland and wetlands, is sparsely populated. In
the late 1970s, the company, also known as Sealand Industrial Services, Inc.,
disposed of waste oils and oil spill debris under a permit issued by the New
York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC). In addition,
wastes were accepted from numerous industrial plants in central and northern
New York State. Wastes were stored or disposed in three on-site facilities:
a drum storage area, a disposal pit, and a landfarming operation. The site
stopped operating in 1981.
In 1980, the New York State Department of Health (NYSDH) found low levels
of cadmium in residential wells near the site. Under a Consent Order
Agreement in 1981, Sealand Restoration agreed to clean up the site; however,
the firm was subsequently cited for noncompliance. The site has been referred
to the State Attorney General. According to NYSDEC, St. Lawrence County
received a $100,000 Local Assistance Grant in 1984 from the New York State
Legislature to perform limited cleanup at the site. The county removed 133
drums left on the surface, along with 60 full or partially full buried drums,
42 empty buried drums, and 150 cubic yards of contaminated soil. These wastes
were transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Acetone, trichloroethane, toluene, benzene, and trichloroethylene were
present in on-site monitoring wells downgradient of the landfill, according to
tests conducted in 1986-88 by a consultant to NYSDEC. An estimated 1,100
people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site,
one of which is on the site. The on-site well has been taken out of service.
Trichloroethane and tetrachloroethylene were detected in surface water
downhill from the site in tests conducted by the State (1980) and EPA (1985).
A fresh water wetland lies within and adjacent to the site. The area is used
for recreational activities.
NYSDEC has conducted a study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site. The study determined that surface soils contain
low levels of PCBs, and that contaminants are migrating downward in soils
beneath where the drums had been stacked. The shallow aquifer is contaminated
downgradient of the disposal pit. Possible interconnection with a deeper
aquifer must be assessed.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986 g
SENBCA ARM? DEPOT
Romulus, New York
The Seneca Army Depot encompasses more than 10,000 acres in Seneca County, New
York. It lies between Cayuga and Seneca Lakes in the Finger Lakes region and
abuts the town of Romulus. Tne Army has stored and disposed of military explosives
at the facility since its inception in 1941.
Seneca Army Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
During preliminary investigations, the Army identified a number of
potentially contaminated areas, including an unlined 13-acre landfill in the
west-central portion of the depot, where solid waste and incinerator ash were
disposed of intermittently for 30 years during 1941-79; two incinerator pits
adjacent to the landfill, where refuse was burned at least once a week during 1941-
74; a 90-acre open burning/detonation area in the northwest portion of the depot,
where explosives and related wastes have been burned and detonated during the past
30 years; and the APE-1236 Deactivation Furnace in the east-central portion of the
depot, where small arms are destroyed.
Monitoring wells on the depot downgradient of the old landfill contain I
elevated concentrations of trans-l,2-dichloroethylene and trichloroethylene,
according to tests conducted in 1987 by an Army contractor. An estimated 1,350
people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the depot.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
REILLY TAR & CHEMICAL CORP. (DOVER PLANT)
Dover, Ohio
The Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. Site covers 4 acres in Dover,
Tuscarawas County, Ohio. The facility, which operated during 1932-56,
included a coking plant and foundry built on top of an area that had been
filled with slag. The operations involved coal tar, including creosote
wastes, according to information Reilly provided to EPA.
Soil and monitoring wells installed by EPA show high levels of
creosote constituents, including naphthalene, fluoranthene, pyrene,
2-methylnaphthalene, and phenanthrene, according to EPA tests conducted
in 1985.
The site is located on the sand and gravel deposits of the
Tuscarawas River basin. The aquifer in the deposits is the sole source
of drinking water for about 28,700 people served by the municipal water
systems of Dover and New Philadelphia. An additional 4,000 people obtain
drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
The site is not completely fenced, making it possible for people and
animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
The property is presently owned by Shenango Foundry and is inactive.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KERR-MCGEE CORP. (GUSHING PLANT)
Gushing, Oklahoma
Kerr-McGee Corp.'s Gushing Plant covers 116 acres in Gushing, in a rural
area of Payne County, Oklahoma. Since 1915, numerous oil and pipeline
companies have occupied various portions of the site. In 1956, Kerr-McGee
acquired a refinery on the site and operated it until 1972. During 1963-65,
Kerr-McGee conducted various uranium processing operations in a plant on the
site for the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). From early 1965 until February
1966, Kerr-McGee produced thorium metal from thorium nitrate provided by AEC.
After operations ceased in 1966, the plant was demolished. In 1972, soil and
wash water containing thorium were placed in an on-site surface impoundment
known as Pit 4. A number of other impoundments (Pits 1, 2, 3, and 5) contain
acid sludges and oily wastes from the oil operations; the pits were filled in
prior to 1956.
In 1986, EPA detected uranium, radium, chromium, nickel, zinc, and
arsenic in on-site monitoring wells. An estimated 7,800 people obtain
drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site. A
private well is 1,000 feet from the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SUNRAY OIL CO. REFINERY
Allen, Oklahoma
The Sunray Oil Co. Refinery Site occupies 40 acres approximately 0.1 mile
west of Allen, Pontotoc County, Oklahoma. About 27 acres are owned by Sun
Pipe Line Co. and 13 acres by Allen Camper Manufacturing Co., Inc. Sunray Oil
Co. was acquired by Sun Pipe Line through a series of mergers which began in
the 1950s. Sunray Oil Co. operated the refinery during 1933-55. Sun Pipeline
now operates on its 27 acres. Allen Campers has manufactured camping eouipment
on its 13 acres since the 1960s.
Four pits on the property hold refinery sludges containing substances
listed as hazardous under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act. The pits are unlined and are inadeauately diked. They contain copper,
lead, and zinc, according to analyses conducted by EPA in May 1986.
In October 1984 and May 1986, EPA found barium, iron, lead, and manganese
in the abandoned on-site drinking water well. Soils in the area are permeable
and ground water shallow (26 feet in some cases), conditions that facilitate
movement of contaminants into ground water. Approximately 3,000 people,
including Allen residents, obtain drinking water from public and private wells
within 3 miles of the site.
site.
Little Sandy Creek and a tributary to the Canadian River originate on the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD CO. TIE-TREATING PLANT
The Dalles, Oregon
The Union Pacific Railroad Co. Tie-Treating Plant covers 83 acres in a
mixed commercial and residential area just south of the Columbia River in the
City of The Dalles, Wasco County, Oregon. Union Pacific owned the wood
treatment facility from 1926 to late 1987, when equipment and structures were
purchased by Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp.; however, Union Pacific retained
ownership of the land and responsibility for all pre-1987 contamination of
facility soil and ground water. The plant primarily treated railroad ties for
Union Pacific, but also treated wood for other commercial users across the
United States. From 1959 to November 1987, J. H. Baxter Co. operated the
plant for Union Pacific.
The facility treated wood with anmoniacal copper arsenate, creosote,
creosote/fuel oil mixture, and pentachlorophenol. Spills of treatment
solutions on-site and waste water ponds no longer in use are thought to be the
main source of contamination of soil and ground water. Improvements in the
waste water treatment system allow the site to operate as a zero discharge
facility.
In 1984, Union Pacific began a comprehensive investigation of soil and
ground water at the site. Creosote components, pentachlorophenol, fuel oil,
ammonia, and arsenic are the major contaminants found in soil and ground water
at the site. Contamination by arsenic and volatile organic compounds is
greatest in the shallow and intermediate aquifers beneath the site. Organic
contaminants, such as phenanthrene and naphthalene, have been detected in the
two deep confined aquifers beneath the site. Ground water is used by over
11,000 people within 3 miles of the site. The City of The Dalles has
increased its monitoring of the municipal supply wells.
In May 1989, Union Pacific signed a Consent Order with the Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality and agreed to undertake a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. The.
work is scheduled to be completed by mid-1991.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
DUBLIN TCE SITE
Dublin Borough, Pennsylvania
The Dublin TCE Site covers approximately 4.5 acres in Dublin Borough,
Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
In June 1986, the Bucks County Health Department discovered
trichloroethylene (TCE) in 23 tap water samples. The water supplies of
approximately 170 homes, apartments, and businesses in Dublin have been
impacted.
The highest TCE concentrations (up to 10,000 parts per billion) were
found in a well on property that has been occupied by several industrial
operations over the past 50 years. EPA considers this property, located at
120 Mill Street in Dublin Borough, to be the likely source of the
contaminants. According to EPA's report on its search for parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site, the companies that operated
on-site include Dublin Hosiery Mills, Inc.; Home Window Co. of Pennsylvania,
Inc.; Kollsman Motor Corp.; and Dudley Sports Division of Athlone Industries,
Inc.
John H. Thompson acquired the property in January 1986 and is using the
main building to restore antique race cars. Laboratory Testing, Inc., has
leased part of the property since May 1986, but no evidence has been found to
date to suggest that either this company or Mr. Thompson used or disposed of
TCE on the property.
The sole source of drinking water in the area is the Brunswick and
Lockatong Formations, which are hydraulically connected, permitting water to
move between them. An estimated 10,100 people obtain drinking water from
public and private wells within 3 miles of the site.
On June 29, 1987, Mr. Thompson entered into a Consent Order with EPA
under CERCLA Section 106(a). Under the order, Mr. Thompson is providing water
treatment systems or bottled water to persons with contaminated wells and is
periodically sampling wells in the area. He has also been' cooperating with
requests from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources to study
soil and ground water at the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
OHIO RIVER PARK
Neville Island, Pennsylvania
The 32-acre Ohio River Park Site is on the western end of Neville
Island in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. It is almost completely surrounded
by the Ohio River. The site was owned by Pittsburgh Coke & Iron Co. [later
named Pittsburgh Coke & Chemical Co. (PC&C) ] from the 1920s until 1970, when
the property was transferred to a wholly owned subsidiary, Neville Land Co.
In 1976, the property was donated to the county. According to EPA, from the
1930s until the mid-1950s, the site served as a landfill for municipal wastes
from Neville Township. From 1952 until 1965, trenches were dug on-site to
dispose PC&C's wastes such as coking sludges (which often contain benzene and
toluene), cement production wastes, and pesticides. Other industrial wastes
such as plant demolition materials and slag were also disposed on-site.
In 1978, Allegheny County began developing the site as a park but
stopped construction after industrial waste was found. In 1979, an Allegheny
County consultant reported that on-site ground water and soil contained
contaminants such as benzene, toluene, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid
(2,4-D), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, and 2,4-dichlorophenol. The consultant
concluded that a public health threat existed at the site. The land was then
returned to Neville Land Co.
Routine monitoring by the county's consultant consistently detects
benzene and toluene in ground water.
Neville Land hired a consultant to further evaluate the site. The
work has included installation of 27 multilevel wells, extensive sampling,
excavation of test pits, analysis of aerial photographs, and toxicological and
hydrogeological evaluations. Limited remedial actions were taken, including
the removal of a container of almost pure 2,4-D and the surrounding soil,
stabilization of a section of shoreline where sulfur-containing waste was
exposed, installation of a fence, and posting of warning signs.
An estimated 40,000 people obtain drinking water from public and
private wells within 3 miles of the site. Seven municipal wells are 600 to
1,200 feet from the site.
An outfall from a storm sewer system which drains a small portion of
the northeastern quadrant of the site is contaminated with 2,4-dichlorophenol,
2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4-D, and 2,4,5-T, according to tests Allegheny
County's consultant conducted in 1979 and 1981. This outfall discharges to
the Ohio River. Sewickley Water Works draws water from the river 1.7 miles
downstream from the contaminated outfall. The intake provides drinking water
to an estimated 8,000 people.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LONGHORN ARMY A1VM1NITION PLANT
Karnack, Texas
Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant (LAAP) covers 8,490 acres between State
Highway 43 and Caddo Lake in KarnaOc, Harrison County, Texas. The area is
primarily rural. Established in 1941, LAAP has been operated since 1956
by Thiokol Corp. Its primary mission is to load, assemble, and pack solid
propellant rocket motors and pyrotechnic and illuminating ammunition. Until
about 1984, production wastes were washed into ponds or burned in landfills.
At present, explosive residues, waste water treatment sludge from explosives,
and brine sludge are burned in an incineration area. Liquid and solid wastes
are now placed in drums and stored in separate areas until disposal is
arranged.
LAAP is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous substances.
Under IRP, the Army has identified 11 contaminated or potentially contaminated
areas. Among them are the Active Burning Grounds, where flammable wastes have
been burned since the early 1950s; the Unlined Evaporation Pond (in the Active
Burning Grounds), into which an estimated 16,000 gallons per day of waste
containing arsenic, barium, chromium, lead, zinc, and organic nitrogen
compounds were discharged during 1972-84; the Old Landfill, where
trinitrotoluene (TNT) wastes were disposed of during 1942-44; the Former TNT
Production Area; and the Ground Signal Test Area and South Test Area, where
various rocket motors and ammunition are tested.
A 1984 IRP study reports barium, chromium, and lead in sediments from the
Unlined Evaporation Pond, and barium in soil from the Old Landfill. The study
also found that arsenic, barium, chromium, lead, zinc, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, and
1,3,5-trinitrobenzene are present in on-site monitoring wells near the Active
Burning Grounds. An estimated 1,900 people obtain drinking water from wells
within 3 miles of hazardous substances on LAPP. The nearest well is 500 feet
from LAAP's northern boundary.
Dinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, nitrobenzene, 2,4-dinitrobenzene,
and 2,6-dinitrotoluene are present in surface waters, according to the 1984 IRP
study. The contaminants originate from at least two areas in LAAP: the Old
Landfill and the Former TNT Production Area. Harrison Bayou flows east of the
Old Landfill; the Production Area is drained by Goose Prairie Creek and Central
Creek. Goose Prairie Creek, Central Creek, and Harrison Bayou drain into Caddo
Lake. Caddo Lake, a part of the Big Cypress Bayou, which flows into the Red
River, is used for recreational activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
AIR FORCE PLANT #4/GENERAL DYNAMICS
Fort Worth, Texas
Conditions at listing (October 1984): Air Force Plant #4 occupies approxi-
mately 650 acres in Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Texas. General Dynamics operates
the plant, which manufactures aircraft for the Air Force. In November 1982, the
Air Force and General Dynamics notified EPA via the National Response Team that
hazardous substances were found in a storm water outfall that drains into a creek
on the west side of the plant. Under Air Force supervision, General Dynamics con-
structed a french drain and a collection basin at the outfall. Since that time,
leachate frcm the drain and outfall has been collected, stored, and disposed of in
an EPA-approved disposal facility. In 1983, the Air Force removed 21,300 cubic
yards of contaminated soil frcm closed waste pits and disposed of the soil at an
approved disposal facility.
The Air Force has drilled numerous test holes and 97 monitoring wells in and
around 20 areas, which cover a total of about 8 acres. Many of the areas have
contained hazardous substances. Analyses of the wells indicate that qround water
in the upper zone under the site is contaminated with several organic chemicals
and heavy metals. Several deeper wells were drilled at the site into the Paluxy
aquifer, which is the source of drinking water for nearby residents, including
the municipality of White Settlement (population 13,420). Two wells have been
found to be contaminated by 1,2-transdichlorethylene and trichloroethylene.
The plant is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, the
specially funded program established in 1978 under which the Department of Defense
has been identifying and evaluating its past hazardous waste sites and controlling
the migration of hazardous contaminants from these sites.
At the request of the Air Force, EPA has further investigated off-site
areas, including several White Settlement wells, sediment in the creek and Lake
Worth, and selected residential wells near the site. EPA drilled four monitoring
wells near the plant area. The White Settlement municipal wells and the four EPA
wells are monitored on a quarterly basis by EPA.
In November 1980, the facility received Interim Status under the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when General Dynamics and the Air Force filed
Part A of a permit application to treat and dispose of hazardous wastes.
Status (April 1987); Phase II (preliminary survey) of the Installation
Restoration Progran is underway.
This site is being reproposed to be consistent with EPA's recently proposed
policy for placing on the NPL sites located on Federally-owned facilities that
are subject to the corrective action authorities of Subtitle C of RCRA. EPA is
soliciting comments on the Hazard Ranking System score for the sites, which
includes areas subject to RCRA Subtitle C corrective action authorities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MURRAY-OHIO MANUFACTURING CO. (HORSESHOE BEND DUMP)
Lawrenceburg, Tennessee
The Murray-Ohio Manufacturing Co. (Horseshoe Bend Dump) site covers 12
acres on Horseshoe Bend, a sharp, narrow bend of Shoal Creek in Lawrence County,
Tennessee, approximately 1.5 miles southwest of Lawrenceburg. The site is in
the extreme northern tip of the bend on low-lying terrain immediately adiacent
to Shoal Creek. Prior to about 1956, a hydroelectric plant owned by the City
of Lawrenceburg operated on the site.
Murray-Ohio Manufacturing Co. records indicate that, beginnina about
paint sludge and other wastes were poured into shallow pits at the dump. The
pits were partially filled after the liquid portion of the waste had soaked into
the ground. Drummed waste was also placed in pits. In the sprinq of 1^63, a
large fire at the site reportedly produced toxic smoke and fumes, which caused
eye and respiratory irritation. Also, fish were killed in Shoal Creek durina
or shortly after the fire. The site was apparently abandoned after the fire
and has since been used only for occasional dumpinq of household trash. Tn
recent years, access to the area has been restricted bv a landowner across
whose property the road to the site passes.
In an inspection in 1983, the Tennessee Division of Solid Waste Manaaement
found partially buried leaking drums at the site.
Soils on the site contain elevated levels of chromium, lead, and zinc,
according to tests conducted by Murray-Ohio Manufacturing in 1984. soils are
highly permeable; springs, caves, and sinkholes are plentiful in this area: and
the ground water is shallow (4 feet). These conditions facilitate movement of
contaminants into ground water. The City of Lawrencebura obtains cart of its
water supply from a large spring about 0.9 mile northeast of the site. This
water is also supplied to the Fall River utility District. An estimated 19,non
people obtain drinking water from wells and sprinqs within 3 miles of the site.
Downstream of the dump, Shoal Creek is used for fishinq, water-contact
recreation, and industrial process cooling water.
The site is 2 miles from the "Murray-Ohio Dump," which was placed on the
NPL in September 1983.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Super-fund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WILLIAMS PIPE LINE CO. DISPOSAL PIT
Sioux Falls, South Dakota
The Williams Pipe Line Co. Disposal Pit is in the northeast corner of the
company's 12th Street terminal in Sioux Falls, Minnehana County, South Dajcota.
The terminal is bordered on the south by 12th Street (State Highway 42), on the
west by Valley View Road and a residential development, on the north by the
Chicago & Northwestern Railroad tracks, and on the east by Marion Road. The
site is 2 miles west of the Big Sioux River and Skunk River.
The unlined pit measures 9 feet by 9 feet and is about 7 feet deep. For a
number of years prior to 1986, a variety of wastes generated by the terminal
were dumped into the pit. Until the 1970s, wastes were burned periodically.
The pit is now dry and covered with a plastic sheet.
Tests conducted in 1986-87 by EPA show that sediment in the pit contains
barium, beryllium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, zinc, benzene, toluene,
xylene, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticides.
Ground water near the pit is contaminated with 4,4'-DDD, 4,4'-DDT, gamma-
chlordane, beta-BHC, and lead, according to EPA tests conducted in 1989. An
estimated 100,000 people in the Sioux Falls area obtain drinking water from
two sets of public wells within 3 miles of the site. One well is about 1.25
miles to the southeast.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EEISWORIH AIR FORCE BASE
Rapid City, South Dakota
Ellsworth Air Force Base covers 4,858 acres on the border of Meade and
Peraiington Counties, South Dakota, approximately 11 miles northeast of Rapid
City and 1.4 miles north of Box Elder. The base is bordered by open land on
three sides and residentiaI/commercial areas on the fourth.
Established in 1942, Ellsworth is now the base for the 44th Strategic
Missile Wing of the Strategic Air Command (SAC). Base operations generally
support the SAC mission and include runways, airfield operations, fire
protection training, industrial and maintenance shops, a base hospital, grounds
maintenance, a photo lab, and housing facilities. These operations generate a
variety of chlorinated solvents, solvent-contaminated waste oils, pesticides,
and other hazardous wastes that were deposited at various locations on the
base.
Ellsworth Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. EPA has evaluated five contaminated areas—four unlined
landfills and the Fire Protection Training Area burn pit. As part of IRP, 16
contaminated areas have been identified; the Air Force is investigating 8 —
the 5 EPA evaluated, plus an additional landfill, hydrant fuel lines, and the
old auto hobby shop.
On-site shallow monitoring wells downgradient from the landfills and burn
pit are contaminated with 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethylene,
trichloroethylene, arsenic, and chromium, according to tests conducted in
1987-88 by the Army Corps of Engineers. An estimated 1,600 people obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest less than
1 mile downgradient of the burn pit and two of the landfills.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PARA-CHEM SOUTHERN, INC.
Simpsonville, South Carolina
Para-Chan Southern, Inc., has manufactured organic solvents and adhesives
on a 100-acre site near Sinpsonville, Greenville County, South Carolina, since
1965. The area is rural and sparsely populated.
During 1975-1979, 800 to 1,600 drums of organic and inorganic wastes were
buried in unlined trenches in three parts of the site, according to
information the company provided to EPA as required by CERCLA Section 103(c).
Waste water from the plant was disposed of in two unlined lagoons until
November 1984, when the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental
Control (SCDHEC) issued Para-Chem a permit under the National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES).
In October 1985, SCDHEC found manganese and several organic chemicals,
including chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, in on-
site wells; carbon tetrachloride and 1,1,2-trichloroethane in off-site ground
water and surface water; and arsenic, barium, manganese, nickel, and zinc in
sediments in on-site surface water. 1,1-Dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, 2-butanone, and tetrahydrofuran were found in on-site
monitoring wells in tests conducted in July 1987 by a Para-Chem consultant.
An estimated 1,500 people obtain drinking water from private wells within
3 miles of the site, the nearest within 1 mile.
SCDHEC placed the company under a joint waste water/hazardous waste
Consent Order in February 1985, and in January 1986 fined the company for
violating its NPDES permit. The order also addressed the buried drums and a
spill of 3,500 gallons of ethylacrylate in January 1985. Since 1986, the
company has been fined twice for failure to meet its NPDES permit.
Under the Consent Order, Para-Chem excavated soil from the drum burial
areas and filled in the two lagoons. The soil was moved to a hazardous waste
facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery
•Act. The action was completed in 1987. During the action, ground water
contamination consistent with earlier analyses was discovered.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP. (SHARON PLANT)
Sharon, Pennsylvania
Westinghouse Electric Corp. produced and repaired transformers during
1922-84 on a 50-acre site at 409 Sharpsville Avenue in a heavily
industrialized area of Sharon, Mercer County, Pennsylvania. During 1936-76,
Westinghouse used PCBs as a conducting fluid in some of the transformers. In
1976, 48,000 gallons of PCBs and 15,000 gallons of organic solvents were
removed from the site and incinerated. PCBs were spilled in certain areas
during routine operations. In 1984, at least 6,000 gallons of solvents and
oil leaked from an underground tank and became contaminated with PCBs in the
soil.
In November 1985, EPA detected PCB 1260 at two of the four points where
the plant discharges waste water to the Shenango River, which is 0.5 mile to
the east. The company had a permit for the discharges under the National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Shenango Valley Water Co.
provides drinking water to an estimated 75,000 people from an intake
approximately 1,600 feet downstream of the plant's discharge points. The
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PA DER) detected PCBs in
river sediments between the site and the intake.
Soils at the site are permeable and ground water shallow (5 feet in some
cases), conditions that facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water.
In April 1985, PA DER issued Westinghouse an Administrative Order under
the State's Clean Streams Law and Solid Waste Management Act. Under the
order, Westinghouse has conducted a limited study of subsurface conditions
and submitted a cleanup plan to PA DER.
This facility obtained Interim status under subtitle c of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when it filed a Notification of Hazardous
Waste Activity and Part A of a permit application to treat, store, or dispose
of hazardous waste. Later, it withdrew its Part A and converted to generator-
only status with EPA or State approval. Hence, it satisfies a component of
EPA's NPL/RCRA policy.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TOBYHANNA ARMY DEPOT
Tobyhanna, Pennsylvania
Tbbyhanna Army Depot covers 1,408 acres in Tobyhanna, Monroe County, in
the Pocono Mountains of northeastern Pennsylvania. Military operations
started on the site in 1902. It assumed its present name in August 1962.
The depot's primary mission is to provide maintenance and supply support to
the Army. The 117 buildings on the depot include metal refinishing, electronic
fabrication, electroplating, and degreasing operations, as well as waste water
treatment plants, a hazardous waste storage area, and a landfill. All types of
depot wastes, including plating wastes, paints, solvents, sewage treatment sludge,
and solid wastes, were disposed of on-site prior to 1975.
Tobyhanna Army Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials. IRP investigations conducted in 1981 and 1986 found trichloroethylene
(TCE) and cis-l,2-dichloroethylene in on-site monitoring wells, and TCE and
tetrachloroethylene in on-site and off-site water supply wells. An estimated
5,000 people obtain drinking water from depot and private wells within 3 miles of
hazardous substances on the depot.
Army tests conducted in 1986 found cadmium in soil in the plating shop area 4B
and in sewage treatment sludge. The sludge was in a swamp that drains to the south™
to Cross Keys Run and to the north to an unnamed tributary to Gouldsboro Lake.
The lake, which is within 3 miles downstream of the landfill, is used for
recreational activities. Oakes Swamp is within 1 mile of the landfill.
The Army is conducting a remedial investigation and an endangerment assessment
for the portion of the site contaminating the village of Tobyhanna's water supply.
Future studies are planned for the remaining waste areas.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund'
SALFORD QUARRY
Salford Township, Pennsylvania
The Salford Quarry covers approximately 3 acres on Quarry Road in
Lower Salford Township/ Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. The site was
quarried for stone/aggregate for an unknown period prior to 1963. In
1963, American Olean Tile Go., which is owned by National Gypsum Co.,
purchased the abandoned quarry, and until 1980 used the site for disposal
of its wastes. Included were waste tiles, unfused tile slurry, and
other production wastes. In 1980, the State received complaints that
tanks were buried on the site. In 1981, American Olean discovered two
10,000-gallon tanks. According to tests conducted by the company and
the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Rssources (PA DER), the
tanks hold tile slurry containing boron and fuel oil. After the company
pumped out the oil, the site was officially closed in May 1982 in accordance
with a plan approved by PA DER. Closure involved capping with soil,
grading, and revegetating. Two monitoring wells were also installed as
part of closure.
The downgradient monitoring well on-site is contaminated with
trichloroethene, boron, arsenic, and cyanide, according to EPA analyses.
An estimated 54,000 people draw drinking water from public (North Penn
Water Authority) and private wells within 3 miles of the site. A private
well 650 feet from the site is contaminated with boron, according to EPA
analyses.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Super-fund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCIA) as amended in 1986
PAOLI RAIL YARD
Paoli, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (January 1987): The Paoli Rail Yard covers about
10 acres in Paoli, Chester County, Pennsylvania. The yard consists of an
electric train repair facility and a commuter rail station owned by Amtrak and
operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA).
Routine maintenance and repair of railroad cars involve PCB-containing
electrical equipment. The yard is surrounded on three sides by residential
communities and on the fourth by commercial facilities. Until February 1986,
people used the yard as a shortcut to the station and commercial properties.
In the late 1970s, both EPA and the Pennsylvania Department of Environ-
mental Resources (PA DER) inspected the Paoli Rail Yard. This inspection,
coupled with subsequent State investigations, led PA DER to issue an order in
1979 requiring Amtrak and SEPTA to determine the extent of contamination and
correct any problem areas. Amtrak and SEPTA took actions primarily involving
collection of samples, some cleanup efforts, and further study.
In November 1985, analyses of samples taken in July 1984 by a consultant
to Amtrak and SEPTA were made available to EPA. The results indicate a severe
PCB problem, with soil contamination ranging as high as 3 percent and to depths
of up to 3 feet in the yard.
In December 1985, a team consisting of staff from EPA, the U.S. Agency
for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and the State Health Department
made a preliminary assessment to verify the existing sample results and
identify areas of most concern.
On February 25, 1986, EPA filed a complaint in Federal court under the
Toxic Substances control Act, CERCLA, and the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act. The complaint sought an order requiring Amtrak and SEPTA to limit access
to the yard, control migration of PCBs, conduct sampling and analysis, and
take measures to clean up the yard and protect worker safety. An agreement
was reached that required Amtrak and SEPTA to install a security fence as a
preliminary measure.
In June 1986, a second agreement was reached requiring Amtrak and SEPTA
to develop a plan to control erosion, sedimentation, and contaminated ground
water. In the fall of 1986, EPA used $600,000 in CERCLA emergency funds to
remove contaminated soil in nearby areas and control erosion on the yard.
Status (June 1988); Under an agreement reached with EPA in May 1987,
Amtrak and SEPTA are conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the extent of contamination at the site. Under a separate agreement,
SEPTA has taken measures to protect workers in the repair shop at a cost of
$2 million. In October 1987, Amtrak and SEPTA agreed to conduct extensive
soil sampling in the surrounding neighborhoods, and in January 1988, EPA's
emergency program began taking additional measures to stabilize the yard and
nearby Central Avenue.
After this site was proposed in January 1987, new technical information
became available. Hence, EPA is reproposing this site to allow an additional
60-day comment period.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
RIO GRANDE OIL GO. REFINERY
Sour Lake, Texas
The Rio Grande Oil Co. Refinery covers approximately 11 acres west of Ann
Street in Sour Lake, southwestern Hardin County, Texas. Now abandoned, the
refinery operated during the 1920s and 1930s. Liquid wastes generated by
petroleum and related refining activities were deposited in an unlined disposal
pit encompassing approximately 1 acre. The pit now contains a hardened tar-like
substance. Parts of the site are now owned by Arco, Amoco Production U.S.A./
the City of Sour Lake, and an individual.
In 1986, EPA found phthalate esters and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
in soil, some at depths of 3-5 feet. The uppermost aquifer, the Chicot Aquifer
in the lower Beaumont Clay Formation, is exposed in Sour Lake. Area soils are
moderately permeable and ground water occurs at 10-20 feet. Sour Lake has two
municipal wells 1,000 yards southeast of the site. An estimated 2,000 people
obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site.
This site is on the Texas State list of sites targeted for cleanup under
Superfund.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in T986
TEX-TIN CORP.
Texas City, Texas
The Tex-Tin Corp. Site covers 128 acres in an industrial area at the
intersection of Highway 146 and FM 519 in Texas City, Galveston County, Texas.
During World War II, the Federal Government constructed a tin smelter on the
site. Wah Chang Corp. bought the site after the war and sold it in 1970 to
Gulf Chemical and Metallurgical Co., which changed the name to Tex-Tin Corp. in
1985.
EPA and the Texas Water commission have been investigating the site since
it was identified in a 1978 survey of waste disposal sites by the U.S. Congress
(the "Ekhardt Report").
On the site are the following hazardous waste units: five waste water
treatment ponds, gypsum slurry ponds, a pond containing about 19 million gallons
of highly acidic ferric chloride waste, an area of iron sludge contaminated
with amiben (a pesticide), tin slag piles, about 20,000 drums of spent catalyst,
and a landfill containing radioactive waste.
Monitoring wells near the acidic ferric chloride pond are contaminated
with copper and tin, according to tests conducted by Gulf Chemical and
Metallurgical in 1980.
In October 1985, the Texas Air Control Board detected tin in the air downwind
of the smelter at the property boundary. An estimated 21,700 people live within
4 miles of the site.
Surface water within 3 miles downstream of the site is an important source
of shellfish and is used for recreational activities. A coastal wetland is
within 2 miles of the site.
In 1985, EPA issued an Administrative Order under the Clean Water Act
charging Tex-Tin with violating its permit issued under the National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System. Tex-Tin has undertaken some interim measures to
come into compliance with the order.
This mining site is being proposed for the NPL because it is a noncoal
site with mining operations that occurred after August 3, 1977, the enactment
date of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA). Thus, the site
is neither regulated by SMCRA nor eligible for funds from the SMCRA Abandoned
Mine Land Reclamation Program.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund'
MIDVALE SLftG
Midvale, Utah
The Midvale Slag Site covers 300 acres in Midvale, Salt Lake
County, Utah. Midvale (population 10,000) is part of the Salt Lake
City Metropolitan area (population 936,000). Between 1902 and 1971,
United States Smelting, Refining and Mining Co. smelted ores on the
site to produce copper, gold, lead, and silver. The site consists of
piles of slag estimated at 2 million tons that remain frcm the smelting
operations. The smelter no longer exists. In 1971, Valley Materials,
Inc., acquired the site and processes the slag into materials for
railroad beds and asphalt highways.
Testing by the Utah Department of Health indicated that the slag
contains high concentrations of arsenic and heavy metals. The slag is
found on the surface and down to a depth of 20 feet. Hence there is a
potential for ground water contamination. Several municipal wells serving
an estimated 38,000 people are within 3 miles of the site.
The Jordan River, which forms the western boundary of the site, is
not contaminated to date, according to tests conducted by EPA in May
1985. However, slag piles are as close as 50 feet to the river, causing
concern that the river can becone contaminated.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
RICHARDSON FIAT TAILINGS
Summit County, Utah
The Richardson Flat Tailings cover approximately 160 acres in a valley
1.5 miles from most recent development in the town of Park City, summit County,
Utah. At least 2 million tons of tailings are on-site.
The mill tailings came from the Keetley Ontario Mine and other metal
mining operations currently owned by United Park City Mines (UPCM). The most
recent use of the area for tailings disposal was during 1975-81, when UPCM
leased its mining properties to either Park City Ventures or Noranda Mining,
Inc. The two companies constructed and operated milling facilities on UPCM
properties.
Both the Utah Department of Environmental Health and EPA have investiqated
the site in the past 3 years. The results show that the heavy metals and
arsenic present in the tailings have migrated into the soil below the tailinas,
ground water, surface water, and air. Continued migration is likely because
the piles are unlined and uncovered. Elevated concentrations of arsenic, copper,
and lead were detected in Silver creek downgradient of the tailinqs. Water
diverted from Silver Creek is used to irrigate oastureland and hay fields within
3 stream miles of the site.
High-volume air sampling at Richardson Flat Tailinas documented that
arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc were released to the air. An estimated 4,<^no
people live year-round within 4 miles of the tailinqs.
Motorcyclists commonly ride on the site, in addition, airborne tailinqs
material blows across Highway 40 on a daily basis durinq the summer months.
This mining site is potentially eligible for cleanup funds from the State
of Utah's approved program under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act
of 1979 (SMCPA). EPA is developing a policy for listing such sites. This site
is being proposed for the NPL at this time to avoid delay in startinq CTRCLA
activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund'
SHARON -STEEL CORP.. (MIDVALE TAILINGS)
. • • . •.. , •-..'•- . ...>.. ; . ... ;• = .- Midvale, Utah ,
Conditions at listing (October 1984); Sharon Steel Corp. owns a
mill tailings site in Midvale, Salt Lake County, Utah. Midvale
(population 10,000) is a part of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area
(population 936,000). Metals were milled on the 260-acre site fron about
1910 to 1971. Approximately 10 million tons of mill tailings containing
high concentrations of lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, and zinc
remain on the site. Sharon Steel purchased the site in 1979.
This site was first proposed as "Sharon Steel Corp. (Midvale
Smelter)."
.Issues of concern at the site include air contamination from wind-
blown tailings, tailings washing into the Jordan River, and impacts on
ground water. Ground water samples have shown contamination with arsenic
and lead, according to analyses conducted by the State and Sharon Steel.
About 500,000 people depend on wells within 3 miles of the site as
a source of drinking water.
Status (January 1986); This site is included in a multisite coop-
erative agreement between EPA and the State of Utah. "The State has a
contractor to perform a" remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action.
This mining site is not being placed on the NPL at this time because
it ceased mining before Aug. 3, 1977, the enactment date of the Surface
Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA). Therefore, it may be eligible
for reclamation funds under SMCRA. EPA is deferring final rulemaking
until it adopts a policy on the relationship that SMCRA should have to
the NPL.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of "r-i! Ci
TOOELE ARMY DEPOT (NORTH AREA)
Tooele, Utah
Conditions at listing (October 1984); The Tooele Army Depot (TEAD),
Tooele, Tooele County, Utah, consists of two separate areas, the North
Area and the South Area. The North Area covers about 25,000 acres in
Tooele Valley south and west of Tooele.
TEAD's mission is fourfold: store ammunition, demilitarize ammunition,
rebuild military equipment, and store military equipment. In fulfilling
its mission, TEAD decommissions munitions by cutting the casings and
removing and recycling the explosive material. The casings are then
rinsed with water to remove residual explosives. Between 1948 and 1965,
rinse waters were discharged into the "TNT Washout Area," which covers
less than 1 acre in the North Area. The Army has detected TNT and RDX, an
experimental explosive, in soil near the TNT Washout Area, threatening
ground water. About 2,500 people depend on ground water within 3 miles
of the site as a source of drinking water.
TEAD is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, the
specially funded program established in 1975 under which the Department
of Defense has been identifying and evaluating its past hazardous waste- (
sites and controlling the migration of hazardous contaminants from these
sites. The Army has completed Phase I (records search).
Status (July 1985); EPA is negotiating an interagency agreement with
TEAD to perform a remedial investiqation to define the nature and extent of
contamination at the site and take the necessary corrective action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund"
WASATCH CHEMICAL CO. (LOT 6)
Salt Lake City, Utah
The Wasatch Chemical Co. (Lot 6) Site covers 6 acres in Salt: Lake City,
Salt Lake County, Utah. Wasatch began formulating various organic chemical
products, including pesticides, on 15 acres in the early 1960s. Subsequently,
the site was subdivided into parcels of 6 and 9 acres, which are now owned
by two separate entities. Lot 6 has not been used since before 1980.
The Utah Department of Health estimates that approximately 2,300 cubic
yards of wastes have been disposed in a concrete pond and in drums on Lot
6. During an inspection in June 1985, the State found 48 drums holding
ignitable and reactive liguids and 13 pressurized gas cylinders in poor
condition; several of the drums were leaking. Residential and commercial
industrial areas are within a few hundred yards of the drum storage area.
Approximately 85,000 people live within 3 miles of the site.
Additional wastes from the operation were discharged into the 700
Wast Stream, a ditch that drains into the Jordan River.
Tests conducted by the State in June 1985 detected several chemicals,
including pesticides and methyl isobutyl ketone, in ground water. 700
West Stream also has elevated levels of some of these compounds.
About 60,000 people obtain drinking water from private wells within
3 miles of the site. The nearest well is within 2,000 feet. No alternative
source of water is available in the area. The Jordan River/Surplus Canal
is used primarily for industrial, irrigation (3 sguare miles), and
recreational purposes.
In January 1986, the State reguested the owner of Lot 6 and a number
of other parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the
site to remove drums and other materials from Lot 6. When they refused,
the State filed an action in Federal Court seeking the potentially responsible
parties (PRPs) to remove the drums and compensate the State for its costs.
In February 1986, the State and EPA negotiated a Consent Order under CERCLA
section 106 for the drums.
In April 1986, during a CERCLA emergency removal action, EPA detected
dioxin in drums, standing water, and soil on the site. In the removal
action, EPA (1) excavated eontaminated soil, (2) transported non-dioxin
drums and soil and the cylinders to a hazardous waste landfill permitted
under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and (3) placed dioxin-
contaminated materials in a temporary storage unit adjacent to Lot 6. EPA
has reached a partial agreement with several PRPs to pay for a portion of
the emergency action. The PRPs have also agreed to provide and maintain a
storage facility for the dioxin materials pending final disposal.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ABEX CORP.
Portsmouth, Virginia
Abex Corp. formerly operated a brass and bronze foundry on a 2-acre site
in a residential area of Portsmouth, Virginia. During 1928-78, Abex produced
parts such as brake shoes and ball bearings for railroad cars. EPA estimates
that lead was released to the air at the rate of 10 pounds per day from a 1-acre
process area and that 3,500 cubic yards of lead-laden furnace sands were dumped
into an adjoining 1-acre area. The present owner of the former process area
is Holland Investment & Manufacturing Co. of Portsmouth; Abex still owns most
of the landfill area.
In 1984, EPA identified elevated lead levels in soil in the fill area.
EPA sampling on April 2, 1986 revealed up to 13,000 parts per million (ppm) of
lead in residential lots next to the fill area. Abex has found significant
soil contamination around both the landfill and old process areas.
EPA collected wipe samples on home surfaces around the site on
July 1-2, 1986. The results indicate that breathing-zone air contains lead,
copper, and tin. Over 10,000 people live and work within 1 mile of the site.
A number of residents live either on or immediately adjacent to the lead-
contaminated soils.
EPA and Abex signed a CERCLA Emergency Consent Order on August 11, 1986.
Abex was required to reduce human exposure to lead to levels that do not
constitute an-imminent threat to health. Abex graded the site; surrounded it
with cyclone fencing topped with barbed wire; covered much of the old landfill
area with asphalt; and excavated some areas adjacent to the landfill, filled
them in, and revegetated to prevent exposure of residents to lead-contaminated
soil.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control have determined that frequent contact
with 500-1,000 ppm of lead in soil and dust appears to be associated with
elevated blood lead levels in children.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BANGOR NAVAL SUBMARINE BASE
Silverdale, Washington
The Bangor Naval Submarine Base covers 7,000 acres on Hood Canal near
Silverdale, Kitsap County, Washington. The area around the base is primarily
residential. Established in 1946, it now has the primary mission of basing
Trident submarines.
In July 1987, a 6-acre hazardous waste site on the base known as Site A was
placed on the NPL under the name "Bangor Ordnance Disposal."
The Bangor Naval Submarine Base is participating in the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the
Department of Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up
contamination from hazardous materials. As part of IRP, the Navy has
identified 19 additional waste areas within 1.5 miles of each other where
industrial wastes and waste water containing explosives were mishandled. The
areas include ordnance burn and disposal pits, pesticide storage and disposal
areas, a PCB spill area, a portion of Hood Canal with contaminated sediments,
and Clear Creek.
Cyclonite (RDX), trinitrotoluene (TNT), ammonium picrate, ammonium
picramate, and propylene glycol dinitrate are present in numerous wells on the
base, according to IRP tests conducted in 1983. An estimated 18,000 people,
including base employees and local residents, obtain drinking water from public
and private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base. Ground
water is also used for irrigation.
The 1983 tests identified most of the same explosives, as well as copper
and lead, in surface waters and shellfish in three locations on the base. The
waters drain into Hood Canal and Clear Creek. Waste waters containing
explosives were routinely discharged to surface waters, and ships in Hood Canal
were painted with paints containing heavy metals. The Navy also has found
these contaminants in shellfish in Hood Canal, which is used for recreational
activities and contains commercially valuable fish and shellfish.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CENTRALIA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
Oentralia, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Centralia Municipal Landfill is
in the southern section of Centralia, Lewis County, Washington. It is
bordered on the east by railroad rights-of-way; on the south by Salzer Creek,
which empties into the Chehalis River; and on the north by a residential area.
The site encompasses 80 acres, of which approximately 50 acres have been used
as a landfill since the site opened in 1958. The city received a permit from
Lewis County in 1974 to accept municipal waste.
An unknown quantity of hazardous waste containing PCBs and dioxin, as
well as other liquid industrial wastes, has been deposited in the landfill,
according to the Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE). In 1986, EPA
observed leachate from the landfill entering floodwaters of Salzer Creek. The
leachate contained cadmium, chromium, iron, manganese, and zinc at levels
exceeding Federal primary and secondary drinking water standards, according to
EPA tests.
Ground water at the site reaches the surface during the rainy season. The
upper and lower aquifers are hydraulically connected so that water can move
between them. Over 12,000 Centralia residents obtain drinking water from the
lower aquifer within 3 miles of the site. Surface water is used for
irrigation.
WDOE is working with the city to bring the landfill up to State and
Federal standards.
Status fDecember 1989); WDOE has approved the city's plan for closing
the landfill under state regulations. The city has made temporary
inprovements to the landfill's system of ditches for collecting leachate and
storm water and installed three additional monitoring wells. The city is
monitoring ground water on a quarterly basis.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SEATTLE MUNICIPAL LANDFILL (KENT HIGHLANDS)
Kent, Washington
The Seattle Municipal Landfill (Kent Highlands) is in Kent, King
County, Washington, approximately 14 miles south of Seattle. From June
1968 to December 1986, Seattle filled about 60 acres of a 90-acre ravine
on a hillside above the Green River. Seattle leased the site from
Kentview Properties, Inc., and operated it under a "Nonconforming Permit"
from the Seattle-King County Department of Public Health.
In addition to municipal wastes from Kent and Seattle, the landfill
accepted sand-blasting grit, some industrial sludges, and other industrial
wastes, according to Health Department records.
In 1984, a consultant to the county detected zinc, copper, barium,
and manganese in on-site monitoring wells. Over 18,000 people obtain
drinking water from public wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest
within 1 mile.
Leachate seeps on the east side of the landfill mix with run-off
from the landfill, which is routed through drainage lines to settling
ponds that eventually discharge to the Green River. The river is used
for spawning and rearing salmon.
In 1985, a consultant to Seattle detected 1,2-dichloroethane and
tetrachloroethylene in the air at the edge of the site. An estimated
12,700 people live within 1 mile of the site.
Seattle is currently closing the landfill and developing plans to
meet all local, State, and Federal requirements. Under a Consent Agreement
signed with the State in May 1987, Seattle is conducting a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
The work is scheduled to be completed in April 1989.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TOSCO CORP. (SPOKANE TERMINAL)
Spokane, Washington
Tosco Corp.'s Spokane Terminal covers 50 acres in an industrial area 1.5
miles north of Spokane, Spokane County, Washington. The site is a bulk storage
tank farm for petroleum products. An oil refinery was on the site when Tosco
purchased it in 1976. According to information Tosco provided to EPA, as
required by CERCLA Section 103(c), lead containing wastes listed as hazardous
under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act were disposed of
on the ground and in holes, probably before 1970. The site overlies the Sookane
Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer, which EPA has designated as a sole source of
drinking water under the Safe Drinking Water Act.
Soil in an old waste oil lagoon in the northwest corner of the site
contains high levels of lead, according to Washington Department of Ecoloov
tests conducted in 1986. The soil overlyinq the aouifer is highly permeable,
which facilitates movement of contaminants into ground water. Ground water
within 3 miles of the site provides drinking water to over 200,000 people and
is also used for irrigating croplands.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BETTER BRITE PLATING CO. CHROME AND ZINC SHOPS
DePere, Wisconsin
The Better Brite Plating Co. Chrome and Zinc Shops occupy 2 acres and are
approximately 2,000 feet from each other in a primarily residential area of
DePere, Brown County, Wisconsin. Metal plating operations conducted at the
shops since the early 1960s have contaminated soil and ground water as a
result of spills and leaking storage facilities. After the company filed for
bankruptcy in October 1985, operations ceased at the chrome shop.
In April 1986, EPA used CERCLA emergency funds to remove contaminated
soil, chromic acid, cyanide sludge, and flammable liquids from the chrome
shop. All materials were transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated
under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. In May-June
1987, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) used the Wisconsin
Environmental Repair Fund to install seven monitoring wells, three of them
extending 20 feet into bedrock. Soil and ground water were analyzed. The
results indicated chromium contamination into both the shallow aquifer and the
upper bedrock aquifer. An estimated 46,000 people obtain drinking water from
municipal wells within 3 miles of the site. DePere municipal well #2 is about
500 feet downgradient of the zinc shop.
During 1986-88, the State issued orders to stop operations at the zinc
shop. The site was abandoned in July 1989.
In March 1988, WDNR received a complaint that yellow water was running
from the chrome shop into the city storm sewer. WDNR found chromium in the
run-off and in soil at a neighboring residence. The City of DePere is
periodically pumping a trench on the chrome shop property and discharging the
waters to the DePere Wastewater Treatment Plant. In October 1988, WDNR was
notified that the plating building at the shop had been sold and was to be
removed. To prevent exposure of grossly contaminated soil under the building,
WDNR razed the building, partially fenced the site, installed a clay cap,
covered it with top soil, and seeded the cover. ,
*
In June 1988, EPA emergency funds were used to design a pretreatment
system for water being discharged from the site to the DePere Wastewater
Treatment Plant.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FORT HOWARD PAPER CO. SLUDGE LAGOONS
Green Bay, Wisconsin
Fort Howard Paper Co. owns and operates a 293-acre disposal site within
the corporate limits of the City of Green Bay, Brown County, Wisconsin. The
site is adjacent to the Oneida Indian Reservation, Town of Hobart, and Village
of Ashwaubenon; Austin straubel Airport is about 600 feet to the south. The
company's manufacturing plant is on Broadway Street about 3.5 miles from the
disposal site.
Disposal of sludge began in 1964 in a series of lagoons separated by dikes
constructed of on-site sands. The sludge contains barium, lead, arsenic, and
PCBs, according to tests conducted by a Fort Howard Paper contractor in 1980.
To date, sludge has been placed in ponds 1-6, 9, 10, 11 and 14, which are unlined;
surficial soils beneath are silty sand. An abandoned landfill operated by the
Village of Ashwaubenon is east of pond 10 and north of pond 11. The landfill
was closed in the mid-1970s and is now owned by Fort Howard Paper.
Several monitoring wells on and around the site are contaminated with
benzene and chlorinated organic solvents, according to a 1986 report of the
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. The contamination cannot be con-
clusively attributed to the sludge disposal practices. However, the permeable
soils and shallow ground water (5 feet in some cases) increase the potential
for contaminants to move from the sludge lagoons into ground water.
The Village of Ashwaubenon has two drinking water distribution systems.
Wells for both systems are within 3 miles of the site. The City of Green Bay
obtains its water from Lake Michigan via pipeline but maintains a number of
wells as backup, one within 3 miles. Drinking water for an estimated 34,200
people is potentially threatened.
Fort Howard installed a slurry wall/gradient control system in 1986 to
prevent migration of contaminants via ground water and fenced the entire property.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MYSTERY BRIDGE ROAD/U-S. HIGHWAY 20
Evansville, Wyoming
The Brookhurst residential subdivision and an industrial area border
on Mystery Bridge Road and U.S. Highway 20 in Evansville, Natrona County,
Wyoming. To date, several sources of contamination have been identified
at the site, which covers approximately 200 acres.
One source is KN Energy, Inc., which has operated a natural gas processing
and transmission facility since 1963 on about 25 acres south of the subdivision
at 5500 Yellowstone Highway (U.S. Highway 20/26) east of Casper. Until 1985,
wastes drained into an unlined pit on the northeast corner of the facility.
This unlined pit was replaced in December 1984 by a concrete-lined structure
with a capacity of about 700 cubic yards. The pit contains numerous hazardous
substances, including xylenes, ethylbenzene, toluene, naphthalene, chrysene,
methylnaphthalene, and benzene, according to EPA tests conducted in 1987. These
substances were detected in the shallow alluvial aquifer immediately to the
north of the pit, including private wells in the Brookhurst subdivision. Within
3 miles of the site, this aquifer is the sole source of drinking water for
about 400 people, an alternate source for about 2,500 people, and a source of
water to irrigate 30 acres of cropland.
EPA's 1987 tests indicate that Elkhorn Creek, which passes through the
middle of the KN Energy facility, is contaminated with toluene and fluoroanthene.
Within 3 miles downstream of KN Energy the North Platte River is used for
irrigation and recreational activities.
The Dowell Schlumberger oil field service facility is also south of the
subdivision. The facility occupies 5 acres on the east side of KN Energy at
5750 Yellowstone Highway. EPA determined that this facility was the source of
chlorinated organic solvents, including trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 1,2-dichloroethylene, in private wells in the
Brookhurst subdivision as far as 0.5 mile away, and also in Elkhorn Creek.
*
EPA detected pentachlorophenol in monitoring wells along the Burlington
Northern railroad and U.S. Highway 20 rights-of-way and at several locations in
the Brookhurst subdivision. The source or sources of this contamination is as
yet unknown.
The State provided bottled water to about 400 Brookhurst residents for
1 month in late 1986. Using CERCLA emergency funds, EPA supplied water until
December 1987, when EPA hooked the homes up to a permanent water supply.
KN Energy and Dowell Schlumberger—signed a Consent Agreement with EPA on
December 15, 1987 in which they agreed to conduct a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site
and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
For further information, call the
Superfund Hotline, toll-free
at 1-800424-9346 or
382-3000 in Washington,
DC. metropolitan area, or the
U. S. EPA Superfund Offices
listed below
For publications, contact:
Public Information Center
401 M Street SW
Washington DC 20460
CML: (202) 382-2680
FTS: 382-2080
Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response (OS-230)
401 M Street. SW
Washington, DC 20460
CML: (202)475-8103
FTS: 475-8103
Region 1
Waste Management Division,
HAA-CAN2
John F. Kennedy Building
Boston, MA 02203
CML: (617) 573-5700
FTS: 833-1700
Region 2
Emergency & Remedial Response
Division
26 Federal Plaza
New York, NY 10278
CML: (212) 264-8672
FTS: 264-8672
Region 3
Hazardous Waste Management
Division, 3HWOO
841 Chestnut Building
Philadelphia. PA 19107
CML (215)597-8131
FTS: 597-8131
Region 4
Waste Management Division
345 Courtland Street. NE
Atlanta. GA 30365
CML: (404) 347-3454
FTS: 257-3454
Region 5
Waste Management Division,
5HR-12
230 South Dearborn Street. 12th Floor
Chicago. IL 60604
CML: (312)886-7579
FTS: 886-7579
Region 6
Hazardpus Waste Management
Division. 6H
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas. TX 75202-2733
CML: (214) 655-6700
FTS: 255-6700
Region 7
Waste Management Division
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City. KS66101
CML: (913) 236-2850
FTS: 757-2850
Region 8
Hazardous Waste Management
Division. 8HWM
999 18th Street, Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202-2405
CML: (303) 293-1720
FTS: 564-1720
Region 9
Hazardpus Waste Management
Division, H-1
215 Fremont Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
CML: (415) 974-7460
FTS: 454-7460
Region 10
Hazardous Waste Division, HW-111
1200 6th Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
CML: (206) 442-1906
FTS: 399-1906
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